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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont fiimds en commen9ant par la premidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaTtra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film6s d des taux de r6d ion diff^rents. Lorsque le document est tiop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 d partir de I'angie sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en has, en prenant le nombre d'images n6cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 EE CL05 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA, FROM THE PASSING OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL ACT OF 1791, TO THE CLOSE OF THE REVEREND DOCTOR RYERSON'S ADMINISTRATION OF THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT IN 1876. VOL. IX: 1850. -1851. FoiiMING AN- ApPK^fDIX TO THE ANNUAL RePOET OF THE MINISTER OP EDUCATION. BY J GEORGE HODGINS, M.A., LI..D., OK OsioooDE Hall, Barrister- 4t-Law ; Ex-Deputy Minister of Education ; LIBRARIAN AND HISTORIOGRAPHER OF THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FOR ONTARIO. TORONTO- Printed and Published by L. K. CAMERON, Printer to the King's Moat Excellent Majesty. 1902. TORONTO: WARWICK BRO'S & RUTTER, Printbbs. LA PREFATORY NOTE TO THE NINTH VOLUME. This Volume deals with three Educational Historical Events of note. The First relates to the final transformation, — after many previous efforts, — of King's College into the University of Toronto, under the Baldwin Act of 1849, and the after explanatory, or declaratory, Act of 1850, which followed it. The Second notable Event recorded in this Volume was the establishment, by Doctor Strachan, under exceptionally difficult circumstances, of the " Church University," named, by him, " Trinity College." The Third Event of importance was the passage, (after fully testing public opinion, by correspondence on the subject,) of the carefully prepared and^ com- prehensive Common School Act of 1850. Each of these Events had a stirring and striking characteristic history of its own, as narrated in this and the preceding Volume. The University Acts of 1849 and 1850 were only passed after a prolonged struggle, which dated back to the time when the previous effort had been made to settle this very troublesome " University Question" in 1837. The " Church University," — the result of this University controversy and its final settlement, — was only established by Doctor Strachan after a protracted, and, in many respects, an unpleasant recriminatory Correspondence with the Imperial and Provincial Governments, as fully given in this Volume. This Cor- respondence took a two-fold form, — the first part dealing largely with the two Governments on the subject of the alleged " destruction of King's College," and the necessity, therefore, as felt by Doctor Strachan, of obtaining directly from the Queen, a Charter, that would for ever after guard the " Church Univer- sity" from any interference, on the part of the Executive Government of the Pro- vince, a precaution which had not been taken in the case ot King's College. The other, and more personal part of this Correspondence, was in the shape of appeals to Members of the Church of England in Canada and in the Mother Country, for practical sympathy, in the shape of Lands and Money. This portion of theCorrespondence is only given in part, as not being of public interest. The untoward circumstances, connected with the passage of the (Cameron) School Act of 1849, (which has been fully detailed in the preceding Eighth Volume of this History, and which led to its practical abrogation,) suggested to the Baldwin Government of the day the desirability of ascertaining what was the actual state of public opinion in regard to the proposed School legislation, by which it was designed to replace the discredited (Cameron) School Act with a comprehensive and thoroughly practical one. With this object in view, the Honourable Francis Hincks, Inspector General, (who, on behalf of the Government, had charge, in 1850, of School legislation in IV. DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. the House of Assembly.) issued a Circular in January. 1850, on the subject, to School Superintendents; Ministers and other official persons. In it. he asked 'or personal opinions on the provisions of the School Acts of 1846. 1847 and the (Cameron) Act of 1849. He requested that he should be furnished with sucn practical suggestions, in regard to the provisions of a new School Bill, as the -writers were prepared )to recommend.* The more important of the Replies to his Circular, which Mr. Hincks received, are embodied in Chapter III of this Volume The whole of these Replies and Suggestions, were transferred by Mr. Hincks to Doctor Ryerson. who. at his request, embodied such of them as were approved in a Draft of Bill. which was largely based upon Drafts of School Bills which Doctor Ryerson had transmitted to the Government in 1848 and 1849* Mr. Hincks submitted this revised Draft of Bill to the House of Assembly in May. 1850, and it was passed into a Law in July of that year. From its comprehensive character it has always been considered as the Charter Act of the School System of Ontario. A personal incident, aflecting Doctor Ryerson, occurred during the passage of t.^-" School Bill of 1850 through the House of Assembly. A vigourous attack had been made on the salary of the Chief Superintendent, with a view to reduce it. and the question of his dismissal by the Government, (for having taken a leading part against the Members of that Government in 1844.) came up. in the course of this discussion. In his reply to those who had advocated the dismissal of the Chief Superintendent, Mr. Hincks said :— " I do not find that the Reverend Gentleman, since hio appointment, (in September, 1844,) h»8 entered in the BUghtest degree, into the field of politioa ; and, as he has discharged hi. duties S'lrr^t zeal and ability, the Government had no reason to interfere with him . . . Xown 2^tfrmLail,-to gi;e him my most cordial support. As a Member of the Govern- ment, I consider it my duty to do so." Mr. Hincks honourably performed his promise to give Doctor Ryerson his " most cordial support." As will be seen on page 23 of this Volume, he put into the Estimates of 1850 the item of S60,000. to enable the Chief Superintendent to erect Normal and Model Schools and the Education Offices. As that sum did not prove to be sufficient, he put in the Estimates of a year, or two. afterwards an item of an additional sum of $40.000.-or $100,000 in all.-so as to enable Doctor Ryerson to finally complete his plans. A Bill, with the indefinite title of : " An Act to Define and Restore Certain Rights to Parties therein Mentioned." was introduced into the Legislative Council by the Honourable John Ross. The object of this Bill was to authorize the establishment of Roman Catholic Separate Schools in each Ward of a City, or Town. Its passage by the Legislature, in August, 1851, led to a good deal of unpleasant controversy at the time. The circumstances connected with this case are fully stated on page 239-241 of this Volume. One of the most rare and interesdng Documents, which I was able to secure for this Volume, was, as its title sta ted : — " - The8e Drafts of BiUs are giver, on page. 83-98 and 217-221 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. DOCUMKNTAHY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. ble to secure " A Brief History of King's College in Upper Canada from its First Germ in 1797, to its Suppression in 1850." This rare Document was originally printed in a separate form, chiefly for circulation in England, by the promoters of Trinity College. It has no signature attached to it ; but, having been favoured with the loan of a large Volume of Manuscripts, entitled : " Original Documents : Church University," I found that this original Document is in Bishop Strachan's well-known hand writing — with sundry erasures and additions, — the most important of which I have reproduced in the copy, as reprinted in this Volume. Of the Proceedings of the following Public Bodies, which were of general Educational interest, I have made selections of the most important parts of them : 1. The Educational Proceedings of both Branches of the Legislature, for the years 1850 and 1851, and, (in a separate Chapter,) the Reports'and Papers relating to the University of Toronto, etcetera, which were laid before them* 2. The Educational Acts passed by the Legislature in the years 1850 and 1851. 3 The Educational Proceedings of the initial Meeting of the Senate of the University of Toronto for the year 1850, and the Proceedings of its second Meeting in 1851 ; also the Proceedings of the Endowment Board of the University and the Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Affairs of King's College. In this connection I have given such Proceedings of the Visitation Commission of the University of Toronto as were available. 4. The Proceedings of the Board of Education, (afterwards the Council of Public Instruction), for Upper Canada for the year 1850. 5. The Proceedings of certain Churches, representing Victoria and Queen's Colleges, etcetera This Volume also includes two important Documents by Doctor V^ ".on : 1. An Appeal to the Inhabitants of Upper Canada in Favour of FreeLchools. 2. Annual School Report for the year 1850. Also, a Series of Circulars, explanatory of the Provisions of the New School Law of 1850, and various suggestions as to how these Provisions of the Act could be most satisfactorily brought into successful operation. I have thus sought to group into separate Chapters the Educational Pro- ceedings of the several Public Bodies named. In many cases there did not seem to be any immediate connection between the Proceedings of the Legislature and those of the other Bodies, having a separate organization. Yet, it very frequently was found, that there was a sort of interdependence the one on the other, which influenced their seperate action, more or less. * Theee Papers include the Correspondence of Doctor Strachan with the Imperial and Provincial Governments, and the Bespatches of the Governor General and the Colonial Secretary, on the subject of a " Church University" (or Upper Canada. VI. DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. In thus grouping the several Chapters, in this Volume, I have sought to give a separate, yet a connected narrative, of the Educational Events of the years named arranging that narrative in what I believed to be the order of its interest and importance.-carefully avoiding repetition, or overlapping, of topics, or subjects. I need only refer here to the great difficulty which has been experienced in many cAses. in collecting from miscellaneous and, in some cases, from unexpected sources the materials, which go to make up these several Volumes, and then arranging that material in somewhat like systematic order, so as to give a com- prehensive birds-eye view, for the specified years, of the entire collection of separate Educational Papers and Documents as a whole. J. GEORGE HODGINS, Librarian and Historiographer of the Education Department for Ontario. Toronto, August the 12th, 1902. CONTENTS OF THE NINTH VOLUME, 1850, 51. Chapter. P^iob. I. Educational Proceedinoh of the Le(Uhlatube of 1860 1 1. Educational Prooeodings of the House of Assembly, 1850 1 (1) Brief History of the Clergy Reserve Question, as Coniieoied with Education, 1827-1850 3 (2) Discussion, with a view to reduce the Salary of the Chief Superin- tendent and his Assistanta , . , 7, 13, 14, 16 (3) Mr. Baldwin's Manuscript Draft of the University Bill, in part ... 9 ^4) Discussions on the School Bill of 1860 11, 12 14 ^6) Relations of the Provincial Government to Doctor Ryenon in 1850 14 ^(6) Original Draft of a Proposed Grammar Bill 21 ^7) Additions made to the School Bill of 1850 by the Government 24 ^) Doctor Ryerson's Explanation of the Cause why the Separate School (Nineteenth) Section of the Bill of 1860 was changed in passing. 26 /2. Educational Proceedings of the Legislative Council, 1860 £6 II. Educational Acts Passed by the Legislature in 1850 31 /I. Act for the Better Establishment and Maintenance of Common Schools in Upper Canada, 1860 31 2. An Act to Remove Certain Doubts respecting the Act of Last Session of Parliament of 1849, for Amending the Charter of the University of Toronto 49 3. An Act to Provide for the Payment of a Sum of Money for the Support of three additional Grammar Schools in the County of York, 1849 62 4. An Act to authorize the Removal of the Site of Victoria College from Cobourg to Toronto 53 III. The Honourable Francis Hincks' Test of Public Opinion in Regard to THE School Acts of 1846, 1847 and 1849 54 Correspondence of various parties on the Common School Act, and Suggestions as to a New School Bill 64 Part I. Remarks and Suggestions by County School Superintendents 64 Part II. Remarks on School Actr ^d Suggestions on School Legislation, by Teachers' Associations . . 63 Part III. Criticisms on the School Law, and Suggestions from Private Parties 67 Part IV. Proceedings of Various County Councils in regard to Education generally and the Proposed School Bill of 1850 70 Part V. The Chief Superintendent of Education to the Inspector General. . . 71 IV. Appeal of the Chief Superintendent of Education in Favour of Free Schools in Upper Canada 73 V. Reverend Doctor Strachan's History of King's College, from 1797 to 1850. 82 VI. Doctor Strachan's " Church University " Correspondence 91 Parts I-IV. Letters and Papers relating to the Establishment of a " Church University," and Correspondence with the Imperial and Provincial Governicents on the subject 9« 2* D.E. vnx. CONTENTS. Paok. . 118 . 122 .. 136 141 """'vjr R«OR...NU.T,ON O. K.N..S COU.KUB AS THE " US.VKKS.XV OK TOHONTO " .. . VIII. Initial Proc,e«..inu8 of thk Senate of the Toronto Univebhitv, 1860 . . . IX PROOEEDIN..H OF THE UNIVERSITY EnLOWMENT BoAH.., 1860 X. Reh.rt.-beino the Conclusion of the Commission of Inquiry into the Affairs ok Kino's Colleoe, 1860 XI. Proceelinos of Certain Chvrches on University Mai-ters ^. . . . .^^^.... 146 I. The Presbyterian Church (of Scotland, )-repre.ent,ng Queens College, ^^^ KingBkm ', \^ i im II. The Methodist Church,-Repre.enting Victoria College, Cobourg .^. . . . . . 61 2^o^e.-Chiefly regarding the Removal of the Site of Victoria College to Toronto 63 HI The Free Presbyterian Church of Canada (Knox College) Jo* Note-The Municipal Council of the County of York and the University. ... 165 XII. PROCEEI.INOS OF THK PROVINOIA. BoARI, OF EDUCATION. (ANO COUNCIL OF ^^^ Public Instruction.) 1860 • • • • • ■ ; ■ • • ' * ' J^o(e.-The Board of Education was merged into tho Council of Pubhc Instrao- ^^^ tion XIII The Chief Superintendent's School Report for 1850 ^ .._••• ■■- General Statistical Abstract. Exhibiting the State and Progress of Education in Upper Canada from 1842 to 1850 .^.^ PiPFBs Rv the Chief Superintendent of XIV. Explanatory Statements and Papers by ^^^Z^"'*-* Education in Reoaru to the School Act of 18o0 . . . .^ I. Main Features and Characteristics of the new School Act of 1850 . . .^ . II. Powers and Responsibilities of the School Trustees, (m Upper Canada). under the School Act of 1850 ,\), -i • III. Rights, Powers and Duties of School Trustees and Municipal Councils m Townships under the Act -^ ■■■■,' 1 ui. IV. Encouragement to Persevere in the Promotion of Free Schools, notwith- ^^^ standing the adverse Legislation of 1849 176 175 176 179 XV. Evidence Given by the Chief Superintendent Before the Finance Com- mittee of the Houhe of Assembly, 1850 184 I. Verbal Examination and Evidence of the Chief Supermtendent . . .^. . . 184 II Further Evidence of the Chief Superintendence m the Form of a Letter. . 187 NoTE.-Comparative Cost of Education in Upper and Lower Canada 188 XVI. Proposed Means to Promote the Efficiency of the School System of Upper Canada I By the Holding of County Teachers' Institutes (Chief Superintendent's Circular on the Subject) 189 189 190 II. By the Official Publication of the Journal of Education for Upper Canada. 191 (Letter to the Provincial Secretary, July, 18o0) ^^ III. By Establishing Public School Library •••••••,•• ■— ^92 (1. Letter to the Provincial Secretary, September, 1860) •-•••••••• J 1 i- i-v.- a^Xa^tinn of L'"'"'"^ tsOOKBl. . . . loO (i. ExDlanatory ISote m egard to the -^leviion 01 (2. Explanatory XVII. FORM.S AND Instructions fob Executing the Provisions of the School Act ^^^ OF 1830 CONTENTS. ix. Chapter. Pa h XVIII. ObNBRAI. ReuII.ATIONN fob THK OroANIZATION, OoVRHNMEHT ANf> DiBCirLINB OK Common Schoolm in Ui-i-er Canada 196 (Adopted by th i Council of Public Instruction in April, 1860) 196 1. Hours of Daily Teaching, Holidays and Vacation in Sch joU 196 2. Duties of Common School Teachers in Rural School Sections 196 3. General Duties of Common School Teacheti in the School 190 4. Duties of Common School Visitors , 197 6. Constitution and Government of Schools, in Kespect to Religious and Moral hiHtruotion 197 XIX. Explanatory CmcirLAKs in Regard to the Local Administration of the School Act of 1850 198 I. To Wardens of Counties, on the Duties of County Municipal Councils under the School Act of 1850 199 II. To Mayors of Cities and Towns, on the Duties of City and Town Councils under the School Act 202 III. Circular to the Taxable Inhabitants of Citieu and Towns on the subject of the Election of Boards of School Trustees 203 IV. To Boards of School Trustees in Cities and Towns on their Duties 204 (Appendix to the foregoing Circular— The Kingston School House) 206 V. To Town Reeves, on the Duties of Township Councils under the new School Act 206 VI. To Local School Superintendents on their Duties under the School Act 209 VII. To Trustees of Common Schools in Rural Sections on their Duties 213 VIII. To the Teacher of each Common School on his Duty under the School Act. 215 IX. To Clerks of County Councils with Copy of the School Apportionment. . 217 XX. Examination and Classification op Teachers, with Form of their Cer- tificates OF Qualification 218 1. Circular to the County Board of Public Instruction on their Duties 218 2. Programme for the Examination and Classification oi Teachers of Common Schools 220 (1) Minumum Qualifications of Third Class Teachers 220 (2) Minumum Qualifications of Second Class Teachers 220 (3) Minumum Qualifications of First Class Teachers , 220 XXI. Educational Proceedings of the Legislature op Canada, 1861 221 I. Educational Proceedings op the House of Assembly, 1851 : (1) Text of a Bill to Amend the Charter of the University of Toronto. By the Honourable Henry Sherwood 221 (2) Text of a Bill to Incorporate Trinity College. ^By Sir Allan N. Macnab 226 (3) Text of a Bill to Amend the Charter of the University of Tor- onto. By Mr. William H. Boulton 232 (4) Text of a Bill to Repeal the Nineteenth Section of the Common School Act of 1850. By Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie 237 (5) Causes which led to the Passage of the (Roman Catholic Separate School) Remedial Bill of 1861 239 X. CONTENTS. Pagb. Chapter. „ ,oki 9dl II. Educational Proceedings of the Legisiative Council. 1851 ^4i (1) Petition to Her Majesty the Queen by the LeKislative Council . 244 (2) Petition to His Excellency the Governor General by the Council. . . 245 (Dissentient Declaration to these Petitions by three Members). . 246 XXII. Educational Acts passed by the Leoislaturb of Canada, 1851 248 1. An Act to Incorporate Trinity College • II. An Act*to Repeal the Provision Limiting the Distance bet«reen Grammar ^^^ Schools in the same County III. An Act to Incorporate the Burlington Ladies' Academy, Hamilton ^&i XXIII. Doctor Strachan's FURTHER -Church University "Correspondence, 1851... 262 (Part V. Thirteen Letters and Despatches.) 1 Draft of Revised Charter of the Church University, (sent to England) .... 260 2. The First Council of Trinity College appointed by Doctor Strachan ^ti» XXIV PRocEEDiNOb OF THE Senate OF the University of Toronto...^. .•■_■ 267 1 Correspondence between the Reverend Professor Doctor Beaven and the Honourable Peter B. de Blaquie-e, Chancellor of the University of Toronto. (In regard to Doctor Beaven's hostility to the University) ... .69 2. Resolutio.M of the Commissioners of Inquiry into the Affairs of Kings ^^^ College A " j 9«r> 3. Correspondence with the Chairman of the Endowment Board. ^»^ XXV. Prooeedinos of the Endowment Board of the University of Toronto 285 XXVI. Proceedings of the Visitation Commissioners of the University of Toronto. 1 Revision of the Rules and Regulations of the University • •• ^»» 2.' Regulations for giving Religious Instruction to the Stud-nts of the ^^^ University XXVII. Reminiscences of Superannuated School Teachers, 1850, 1851 295 I Sketch of Schools and School Houses in early Times: Reminiscences by 1, Robert Rooney ; Richard Unsworth ; Wilham Plunkett ; Henry Dugdale ; John MacKay ; Joseph Drummond ; Robert Dickson; Charles Shortt ; Alexander Steel; John W. Walker; R. O. Campbell ; J. E. Johnson; John Philips ; E. Hopkins ; J. W. Palmer ; Elizabeth J. Glenday ; David D. Keenan ; Robert Hamilton. II. Early Schools in Upper Canada; o ». i « . Doctor Henry G. Forbes ; Mr. Hugh Lucas ; Harts' Private School for Boys in Torouto ; Free School Sjstem of London. Chap. I. EDUCATIONAL PROCEKDINQS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. Pagb. 241 cil ... . 244 IDCil . . . 246 ibers). . 246 248 248 ^^amma^ 261) 261 1851.. . 252 nd) . . . . 260 I 266 CHAPTER I EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. On the 14th of May, 1850, H's Excellency the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine opened the Third Session of the Third Provincial Parliament of Canada with the Uhual Speech from the Throne. In it he made no reference to Educational matters. 1. Educational Proceedings of the Hou.se of Assembly, 1850. M-iy '2ht, 1850. Pursuant to the Orders of the Day the following Petitions were read : Of the Municipal Council of the United Counties of Wentworth and Halton, praying that the duties pertaining to the Office of the Chief Superintendent of Education be merged in some one of the Departments of Government. The Petition was as follows : — The Petitimi of the \ttuiicipal Council of the United Counties of Wentworth and Balton to the Legidative Assembly : Respectfully Sheweth : — That your Petitioners ara of opinion that the Educational interests of Canada require to be placed under the care of one of tlie Members of the Executive Council, being convinced that, thereby, not only would these int.;rest8 be better subserved, but that a large saving of public expenditure would be effected. We, therefore, pray that the'luties pertaining to the Office of Chief Superintendent of Edu- cation, be merged in some one of the Departments oi the Government. And your petiti' mei s, as in duty oound, will ever pray. Hamilton, 10th of Apiil, 1850. Robert Spence, Warden.* Six Petitions w«re also presented from Municipal Councils, praying that the funds accruing from the Clergy Reserve and Rectory Lands be appropriated to the purposes of General Edu- cation and public improvements.. May 28th, 1850. Pursuant to the Orders of the Day, the following Petitions were read (1.) Of the Right Reverend Joseph E. Guigues, the Bishop of Bytown ; praying aid in support of the College < f Bytown ; (2) Of Mr. Thomas Tracj' and others, Roman Catholics of School Section Number Ten, in the Township of Kitley ; praying for the re-establishment of Separate Schools, and the equitable distribution of Common School Fund ; (3) Of the Municipality of the Township of Brantford ; praying thet the office of Chief Superintendent of Education be merged in some Department of the Government; (4) Of Mr.Geoige Hyde, Townreeve and others, on behiilf of the Municipality of the Township of Plympton, praying for the sale of the Clergy Reserve and Rectory Lands, and that the proceeds accruing therefrom be appropriated to pur- poses of General Education ; (6) Of Mr. Edward Masse and others of Bytown, praying for aid in behalf of the College of Bytown, similar to that granted to other Institutions of a like nature Three Petitions were also presented, praying for the repeal of the Imperial Act relating to the Clergy Ri serves, and that the funcis accruing therefrom be appropriated to purposes of General Education, — and also for the abolition of the Rectories. May. 29th, 1850. — The Honourable James H.Price.one of Her Majesty's Executive Council, delivered to Mr. Speaker a Message from His Excellency the Governor General, signed by His Excellency. And the said Message was read by Mr. Speaker, all the Members of the House being uncovered, and is as followeth : Robert Spence, who was afterwards Postmaster General of Canada, and subsequently, in the early sixties, Collec- istoms at Toronto, was one of the active opponents of the principle of " Compulsory taxation" for Schools ; see *Mr. tor of Customs ; pages 01-63 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History of Education in Upper Canada. The views expressetl in the foregoing Petition were also embodied in a Petition from Brantford, presented to the House on the 28th of May, and in a Memorial of the Gore District Council to the Legislature in 1847, see page 116 of the Seventh Volume of this Historj-. CITMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 Elgih and Kincardinb. The Oovernor General informs the Honourable the J;f«'«%'i;« Ys^^^nd^r*^^^^^^^^^ PH Jd hy .ho Legislative Conncil and A--b y m the „onth tf'Ase an^to^'f Onl Sle signiBcation of Her M»J«« ft ig'*".^";^' J th^^^ CTnds in Canada, for Com.uon School day of March, I860.* GovBRNMKM House, Torokto, 27th. May, 1850. Ordered, That the Honourable Franci. Hinckshav^^^^^^^ gi^act'ribgl^p^e- praying for aid m support of 5»»e •^^'<\CoUege (^)^^^^^ Bytown ; (3). Of Skeifington Bi8h..p of Byown ; i-raying for * f '" ^'^^'^'^T^'^i^orHtiSn as the Elgin Association for the C.nnor, Esquire and oher., P'-yjf *" Act «' Inc^^^^^^^^^^ K ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ Soc al and Moral Improvement of »« *^?^""^P,"h^^^^^^^^ of Colchester, County of Snaex, ::;;7;^St^^c?t:;*i.r^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^--^^-^ So^ety, established in the "'" Ormotif!n of the Honourable Malcolm Camercn. seconded by Mr. Benjamin Holmes, it ^%...., That an humble Addrss be Pre-ted ;^^^^^ prayin« him to cause to b«la>d before thsUousecopws i Superintendent of Educa- LkL ,.lace between any Member of the .overnme^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^. cU^nU ,trthTsre Uect, of an official character. It was further- ,,s'^^i^nd«^^r^E:^^ Wlward. prayinK for a certain amendment to the C..^^^^^ M^^^^ ScloolAct; Council of 'he County of York praying f.^c^^^^^^^ ^^^ funds, accruing 5^^:rC J::;-. ':r Ind R^eT^Sf U>7u'r;!ies of Gene'JSi Education. (I), Of the Universi^T of Q"!«''^j^;^Xr^ ' Tr^^^^^^^ ^^^^"'^""'^^"5 mont <»f the sai-l College ; (2). Of t^ ^ I'f .,' «i.id Oollece such as that enioyed by the High *""^' . ^ • TT- 1 ^„» . f Hap Maiestv's Execuive Ci.uncil presented, pur- .„„rtAr;'dtrrfiu''E".S;.""it;"rg^^^^^ .o - Add.™..™ . , „„. o. .W. AC, .,. „« win b. t».d ., ,«. .1. o. .... B,M>, «u„,. o, .M. D»™.n..r, H,«.„. 8.. .,«, pages 133 and 187 of the same Volume. oreparation of this Common School t In his Annual Report for 1888, the ReY='*"^'^t^L^^r^h^l icfoMS^ <*1'\:, By W^'M pre- Rill „i i>«0 After referrinK to the suspension of the Cameron =wnMiflxtoiio, Honourable Robert Baldwin, SliS'tHiraft of a'lSr ichool Bill, f" 1850, to the exammat.on_.nd^revtaor^^^^^^ t^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^j^,^ ^^^^ ^^^ {hen Attorney Uenerai, (ie> ule«i liifc parj'i oi ^"^"'J"J;2"'^^''~^^ on behalf of the Uovernnieiii., aiiU, atMr long ana care- exlminaUon, bv the Honourable *'™"°'» "Jncks Inspwtor Ge^al, o^^ ^^^ Common Schoo Act of I860." fulXussio;., was.pa.H«lby thec^^^^^^ anoUtion. on it. is now ,n my possession. (NoTB The original printed ox>py of this uraiii oi om, . „ ., . „ ^ , ,^„f.,^„ I ''■ VtL BU,. after it was passed into an Act ^- P-^i^tt^^o^nt'^^^^^^^^^ have'^thouffhtVt desirable tirMem1^''.SXtVouTof"^mbir^^^^ of the Member of the Government. <'i'h'e*'Ho".l'o:r!.Ue^ ZTXuS, "^^"^^^^ ^-^ Bill into the House of Assembly. Chap. I. EDUCVTIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE L ilSLATUBE OF CANADA. 3 tistory. See also the LegtRlative Assembly to His Rxcullency the Governor Qoneral dated the Slat ultimo^ ptav- ing HIh Excellency to cause to be laid before the House copies of hU Corre«p<>ndence rhnt may have taken place between any Member of the G<'Vfinnient and the Chief S ■p^'rinreudent of Education in Upper Canada, on the su' 'eut of the Solioul Bill uf last Session, (1849,) or on the subject of Education u'enerally, or \ m any Member of the Government and other Person in th3 Country, on the same subject, u ofliciil charicter It was — Ordend, That the aaid Re urn he printed tor thm nae of Members < f this House. Jitie 6>h. If^SO. A Petition was read from Mr. Me iry Walker »nd John Jarron, M.D., of the County of Haldimand, praying that measu'es be adopted to appropriate the funds accruing from the Clergy Reserve Lands to Common Schocil purposes. June 12th, 1850. Two other Petitions were presented on the subject of the Clergy Reserves from Stamford and Puslin .*h Townships. Jmie nth, 1850. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petitions were read :— (1), of Mr. John Q. Weir, Townreeve, in behalf of the Municipality of the Township of Raleigh, praying that the application made by Doctor Connor and others on the '^Ist ultimo (page 2), for an Act to incor|)orHte the Elgin Asrocation for tho elevation of the Coloured Population be not granted; (2), Of Mr. Michael Rape and others. Trustees of the R^man Catholic Separate School, of School Section Number Ten, in the Towns! ip re id on the appropriation of the proceeds of the Clergy Reserves nnd Rectories to Kducati n, (from the Synod of the Presbyterian C uroh, and the Townships of Pelham, Wainfleet and Louth). June 20th. 1850. The I'etition of ATr. Jordan Challeng^-r and othero, of the Town and vicinity of Chathnm, pra>intf that the application to incorponite the Elgin Association be not granted ; and thiJVii vrl vilc -wiUTTIt L^aullS Ul I'ppCI" V.UIinUU., lUr "111" support of a Protestant Clergy.' An agitation for the alien itio-i of the Re«erv.s [from Clerical to E lucation-il purp ises was kept up in Upper Canada for many lyears and which only ceased on the iiai! settlement of the qtiescion in ls54. DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 TwD P-t'tions were read on the .ubject of the appropriation of Clergy Reserve and Rectory proceeds of land to purposes of Education. The Order of the Day being read, for resuming the adjourned Debate upon the Amend- ment which w'sles^ria^propJaecl y the Honourable Malcolm Cameron of i^ent, co be made to the Question :—* . . j « iini„.„„ .. That the interests and dividends accruing upon such i»>^«-«^™«"*,,°^ *'^«X°'o^1;lfav R^ er^e General Education." The following is Mr. J. H. Price's seriis of Resolutions, giving a brief Par- liameutary Instory of the Clergy Reserve Question :— The Question being put, the Honourable James Harvey Price moved, seconded by the Honourable Francis Hinoks, , , t> w « i.u„4. 1 That it appears h^ the last Census taken in Upper Canada that the Populatjon of tha section of .he P.o?ince was, in the year One. Thousand Eight Hundred and ^^^^^^ Soo Qqo rvf wKifh 9W fiSl are returned as m connection with the Churcnes oi jiDgiaiiu »uu StnVth" onUh-^-^-^^^^^^^^ considerable benefit from the Clergy Reserve Endow- "**°9 That in the earlv settlement of the Province, the reserved Lands were of little value, and.asno1alestad thlnterau^^^^^ by the Imperial Parliament, the question attracted but a slight share of public attention ; , , , j 3. That, so soon as the intention of the Imperial ««7«™™7;, ^ ^'^e^f t^a? P^^^^^^^^^^ served in Upper Canada became known, the Representatives of ^h? Peop e of that j:r<'Vince took the whole subject into their most serious consideration, and, with «n"nanimty that pre A Thftf in the vear One Thousand Eight Hundred and Twenty-seven, (1827), a Hill to Legislative Council :* .„,. xi-t rt„„Ja bv the Legislative Council : + . , « i o • 6 That in tb. year Oae Thousand Eight and Thirty,H1830,) during the Second Session SS.S.'S grfTi'GLlf. (mToSpL; A. H^rm.„,) h.vi„g W„ rejeot^d c„ . ""Tn^Ti^th, vMt Ono Thou8.nd Eight Hundred ai.d Thirty-two, (1832.) during the slJH£HMeriSe^^JssuSr maiority in the House of Assembly : ^ j ^ i.i,„ »I have omitted those portions of various Resolutions on the, Cler«: Reserve Question relating to the question of " Ohuic& State "and hav^only inserted the concluding one. as given aW Volume. Chap. I. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGI8LATDRE OF CANADA. to the questipn of lency informed the House that the representations made to His Majesty, and to His Royal Predecess rs, of prejudice sust^iined by His faithful Subjects in this Province from the Hppro- ftriation of the Clergy Reson en. had enga}(ed His Majesty's most attentive consideration ; that lis Majesty had considered with no less anxiety how far such an appropriation <'f territory is conducive either to the temporal welfare of the Ministers of Religion in this Province, or to their spiritual influence ; and that His Majesty invited the House of Ae>sembly of Upper Canada to consider how the power given to the Provincial Legis' >.tui'e by the Constitutional Act of 1791, to " vary, or repeal," this part of its provisions can be called into exercise nio.-b advantageously for the spiritual and temporal interests of his Majesty's faithful Subjects in this Province : 10. 'i'hat, after the reception of the above Message, a Bill to reinvest the Clergy Reserves in the Crown, discharged of all trusts whatsoever, was introduced and read a second time in the House of Assembly, by a vote, on a division, of 29 to 7 : 11. That, in the year One Thousand Eight Hundred and Thirty- three, (1833,) during the Third Session of the Eleventh Parliament, a Bill, hHving similar piovisions with that formerly adopted by the same House, was read a second time by a vote, on a division of 26 to 2 : 12 That in the year One Thousand Eight Hundred a"d Thirty-f'ion of the question an ejten^of accurate -nformation as to the wants and general opinions of society in this Country m which the luiperial Parliament is unavoidably d ficient : 20. That another attempt at settlement of the Clergy Reserve question was made during the last Session of the Pariiamentof Upper Canada in 1839, when a Bill p.ssed both Houses, providing f..r the sale and disposal of the Clergy Reserves, which Bill, having been restrved for the Uoyal Assent, was not assented to by Her M^jftsty : NoTB. The House divided upon each of the foregoing i)aragraphs with varying results. \ (A further series of Resolutions in regard to the Clergy Reserves, so far as it relited to the "Church and State " aspect of the question was proposed, but it is not necessary to insert them here.) Pursuant to the Orders of the Day, the following Petitions were read : (I), of the Conference of the New Connexion Church ; (2), the Churches composing the Baptist Grand River Associati.m ; (3), of aPubl o Meeting in the Township of Dumfries ;f4), of the Municipality of the Township <.t Warwick ; and (5). of Inhabitants of the Township of Era- mosa, praying chat the proceeds of the Clergy Reserves be applied to the purposes of Oeneral Eduoktica, also (6), of Mr. W. R. Abbott ai.d others Coloured mhabitante of the Citv of Toronto praying that the Common School Bill now before the House may be amendtd by striking out the words " Coloured people " from the Nineteenth Section thereof. June Z6th, 1850. The Order of the Day for the second reading of the Bi 1 for the BeUer Establishmert and Maintenance of Common Schools in Upper Canada, being read ; The BUI was accordingly read a second time ; and committed to a Committee of the Whole House, for Fri ay next. June mh, 1850. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petit ions were read : Of Mr. John Anderson and others, Coloured inhabitants of the Town of St Catharines ; and of Mr. Edward Crump and others, Coloured inhabitants of the City of Hamilton, praying that the woid "Coloured" maybe struck out of the Nineteen! h Section ot the Common School BUI, now before the House. Ordered, That the Honourable Francis Hincks have leave to bring in a Bill for the Better Est.blishment and Maintenance of Grammar Schools in Upper Canada He accordingly pn sented the said BUI to the House, and^ the same was received and read for the first time ; and ordered to be read a second time, on Fndity next.* Jxdv 1st, 1S50 Pursuant to the Order of the Day. a Petition from each of the Town- ships of East GwilUmbury and Blenheim vas read, praying that the proceeds of the Clergy Resi rve lands be devoted to General Education. On motion of the Honourable Henry Sherwootl, seconded by the Honourable WUliam B. Robinson, it was : Jteaolved, That an humble Address be preseiued to His Sxcelioncv the Governor Gener si, praying His Excellency to direct the proper Officer to lay before this House, a detailed State- ment of the amount expended towards defraying the expenses of the " Commission of Inquiry into the affairs of the University of K ing's College ", aptwinted under a Statute of the said * For remarkB by varioue Members of the Hou«e ot Assembly in regard to this Bill, see pages 7-9 and 11-16 of this Chapter. Chap.I. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDIKGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANAOA. ble WiUiam B. Univemity ; Hnd alao, a (Statement of the progress which has been made, under such Commission, u|i to the present time. ^ Ordered, That the said Address be presented to His Excellency, the Governor General, by such Members of this House as are of the Honourable the Executive Council of this Province. Ordered, That Mr. Benjamin Holmes have leave to bring in a Bill to incorporate the Elgin Association for the Settlement and Educational and Moral Improvemj-nt of the Coloured popu- lation of Canada. He accordingly presented the said Bill to th« House, and the same was received and read for the first time ; and ordered to be read a second time, on Wednesday, the Tenth iiis'ant. The Order of the Day for the House in Committee on the Bill for the Bettor Establishment and Maintenance of Common Schools in Upper Canada, being read ; The House accoidingly resolveil itself into the said Committee. Mr. Wolfred Nelson took the chair of the Committee. The Honourable Francis Hincks, who had charge of the Bill, "taied that it. was not intended to make any change in the System upon which the Schools in Upper Canada had been c«'nducted for seveial vens, but merely to make some practical charge in the working of that System, and of the Schools. He had tuken a good deal of pains to ascertain the views of several persons intimately connected with the working of the present S.vBtem,+ — all of whom entirely disapproved of it as it now was, (under the Oameion Aot of 1849,] so that the present Hill, [drafted by the Chief Superintendent of EH ucation,] was introduced to remedy the defects and evils in the practical working of the present System of the Schools. Mr. Speaker having resumed the Chair ; Mr. Wolfred Nelson reported, that the Committee had made some progress, and directed him to move for leave to sit again. Ordered, That the Committee have leave to sit again to-morrow. July Srd, 1850. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petitions were read : — (1), Of the Municipali-y of the Township of Osgoode, praying that the existing Common School Act (of 1849) may remain in operation, and that the Bill now before the House lelating thereto be suspended during the present Session ; (2), of the Municipal Council of the County of Peterborough, praying for the abolition of the Rectories and that the Clergy Reserves be sold and the funds therefrom accruing be appropriated to purposes of General EducMiion. July Srd, 1850. The Order of the Day for the House in Committee on the Bill for the Better Establishment and Maintenance of Common Schools in Upper Canada being read, the House according resoived itself into the said Committee. Mr Wolfred Nelson took the chair of tie Committee. The following is the first of the discussions which took place, in regard to the salaries of the Chief Superintendent of Education for Upper Canadrt, and those of his Assistants. See also the second discussion on the subject, which took place on the 9th of July, pages 14 and 15. On the Thirty-fourth Section of the School Bill in regard to the Salary of the Chief Superinten- dent of Education coming up the Honourable Francis Hincks moved that the first blank should be filled up with "Five Hundred Pounds," (£500.) He thought that it was little enough, considering the duties of the Chief Superintendent, and the heavy travelling expenses he was obliged to incur. Mr. Joseph Cauchon thought that it was but fair that the salaries of the Superintendents of Education in Upper and Lower Canada should be the same. The Honourable Louis H. Lafontaine said that the salary of the Superintendent of Education in Lower Canada was raised by the late Administration to Five Hundred Pounds, (£500.) per year, and, in 1847, they proposed to raise it to Pjix Hundred Pounds, (£600,) He was opposed to that increase ; but he was of opinion that Five Hundred Pounds, (£500,) was not too much. Whether these were days of " retienchment," or not, he would assert that every Public Officer ought to be paid in pro- portion to the service expected from him. The Honourable John Hillyard Cameron was prepared to concur in retrenching all unnecessary expenses ; but he was not prepared to pare down one man's salary, instead of bringing in a general measure on the subject. Mr. Hincks said that he did not believe there was any general desire to place the Chief Superin- tendent of Upper Canada on a worse footing than the same Officer in Lower Canada. Now he was prepared with a proposition to reduce the salary of tha l,ower Canada Superintendent ; and he thought it but justice to put both on the same footing. At the same time he thought it but justice to the Upper Canada Sttperintendent to s?,y th.at, .although he h.id received a very valuable assistance 'i 16 of this Chapter. • For a copy of thit Commission, see pa^es 286, 237 of the Seventh Volume of this Documentary History. t The views and opinions of the parties to whom Mr. Hindis here refers are, as condensed and abbreviated, given in Chapter HI. of this Volume, pages 54-71. J j 8 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 from that Officer in framing the Bill, yet he had never received a single communication from him on the subject of Salary. , Mr Tn««nh C Morrison said that honourable gentlemen, who knew anything about the duties ot the Scfs£rintenrnt'8 office, and the heavy travelling expenses caused b^^his numerous visits ,.nf,ld not bXve that Five Hundred Pounds, (£500.) per year was too much /«''/'i« «*'*'^yp*'lSf n*nl ThttTun. WM considered a fair remuneration for the Chief Superintendent of I^iwer Canada, StTe thJre were ^r eS^^^^ (1,800) Schools while in Um.er CWa there were one where inere were m^y b consequently far heavier : But this fact was lost sight SKe^thT b; Sr'aWe^tuemen wTo'conTenLl for'a reduction It was customary for many of them who knew nothing whatever a'iout this subject, to sit perfectly silent when a ^^^hcK,l Bill wa* Slu^edf but the moment they came to the consideration of details to raise cavils at every xj c ii ;f^r r^«r,«pftl Tohn S Macdonald could not conceive that Five Hundred Pounds, (£6<)0,) Mr. Sol»"^?'' ^X^'^li^fg" ^_f„*^^^^^^ local, or County, Superintendent were to receive TrlTTr Hun'reSVSs'lSr^^^^^^ named Officer his ver'y arduous duties to perform. and was subject to great expense in performing them. , .u *. vr ^^atiA M Armstrona was nrepared to vote for Five Hundred Pounds, (£500.) m order that no in^iiiiltsttrSK S: between Upper and Lower Canada in this matter of Salary, Mr Dunbar Ross hoped that the House would not give way so far to * ^^^^P^'/^^'s ^''i^he retrenchnVe Tt as to deprfve a worthy Officer of the salary justlv due to him for his 8er% ices. Ihe duty of tTe Ho^^^^^ t^ do justice t^ every man, without regarrf to any momentary clamoun TV* n<.„r„» V Pnrtier thought it would be a gross injustice to the Gentleman who now hlled the increased rap^ly, as the Censua^^^ divest themselves of all personal, or Nays, 5. t * u well They would then get their work done better and cheaper. ^ect of driving every man of ability out of the public service. ... Mr. Louis T. Drummond, Solu^itor General, hoped that they wouM^^^^^ all the talent of the Country was directed, as proposed by »» honourab e Member ^^^ ^^ machinery. He trusted that young men would aspire to take a share i" ^J« ^ hammers and lation of the Country, and that they will ""* ' ^"J„ ^J^ ^^^^^ Book-keeper. Mr. Clerk in the Educational Department required more ^^^'-g/ 3 ^"^eS Hodgins, theGentleman who fills this office^ ^^^^f^^ himself master haa taken m hand, rxc vrc«t U^m v.i!- i.<..i..i- .-- -- " • . he came to this Country qualiiiea to of the system of Education taught there, ^"i^^t^'^^^^ear there he came wt ^^4j^^ perform his duties in a manner m which ^^^her person in ths^oun^^^^^^^ p P^^ ^g.^^^ .^ ^i^^^ EbS^Zr ll^Sr^^^^^^^^^^ filM"4r sXies he could not see why honourable Members should object to the sum mentioned in the BUI. 1850 Chap.I. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OP THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 9 from him on the dutieR of lerous visits, lalary of that Dwer Canada, lere were one was lost sight y for many of hool Bill was .-ils at every mndB, (£6<)0,) jre to receive 28 to perform, in order that ,er of Salary. ititious cry of lervices. The LiDour. now filled the him a smaller fairly entitled in office, fixed jopulation has aeu in a corre- 11 personal, or ilf to be ft<;tu- ce to the indi- i" (£500,) and at the salaries g. Ybas, 21, — It was for the sed that they la. . . . s in the Public a man on One nily. A Clerk the Committee pay the others he Chief Clerk of a great deal jle to get them .fould have the hat point when the working of lent and Legis- f hammers and lore importance ; in the Educa- office of a good pacity in Mont- Office of Chief k -keeper. Mr. [)f ihe affairs he himself master itry qualified to haps the Super- offices in other why honourable The motion was then r a tliat the blanks in the section l)e filled up with the words— The salaries to bo the same as those o ■ ^es are in Lower Canada, and was carrie;P»*;^';, character of the University, as a seat of learning, and who tliey may have ascertained, or have reason trbeUrvewoidd accept such Chair, if offeretl to them, and. thereupon, the Senate of the said Vr.y lerX,Tf they shall cLcur in that part of the Report of the said ^-P"\f;>i» ^«P?f ^Tto tb such persons, or of those of them, with respect to whom they shall so cv .ur ^'^^ the Caput, to th^^ Governor of the Province, with those of the three candidates reouired to be transmitted to hini bj the sdd Twenty-fourth Section of the said Act, and, in every such case, it shall and may, be lawful for thrGovernor if he shall deem it expedient so to do, to appoint any one of those persons to such Chairwhrniav be willing to accept thereof, instead of appointfng to the same anj; of t^e three can 1. dates wiose'^LiesSLve beeS so transmitted to him, as aforesaid, anything m the said Twenty fourth Section of the said Act to the contrary thereof notwithstanding. 3. And he if enacted That it shall, and may, Ih» lawful for Her Majesty, f™"' ^ime to time by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the Province, to institute, establish and endow such, and so manTReS Pr^^^^^^^^^ and Regius Lectureships in any of the Faculties of the said University, Zsle shall think fit. ar.d,*from time%o time, by Letters Patent under the JXt Seal "^the P^^^^^^ vince, to appoint some fit and proper person to such Regius Professorship and !<«£"« ^.^^"[f^^^P respectively ; and, to every such ^ofessorship and Lectureship, and the person, who shall hll the same shall belong all and singular the like rights, pwers, anfi privileges which shall be attached to, orTe'sted in thelther Professorships and Lectureships, Professors and Lecturers of the said Univer- sity respectively. Provided always, Firstly, That no such Regius Professorship, or Lectureship, shall be so insti tuted without an endowment, either by charge on the public Provincial Revenue, or by invested oaStal in land or other property, sufficint to%ecure to the holder thereof an income equal at least toC of the smallest salaVy assigned by Statute of the said University to anv of the Chairs^ or lectureships rriSjtfvely, on the foundation thereof in the same Faculty to whiefc such Rettius Pro fe^9orshTpTr'L3cCe8hip7 be attached ; and pr .vided also; Secomily. That every suc^^ Regius Professorship and iTtur^eship: Regius Profescor an5 Lecturer, shall be subject to -11 and singular the Satutes Rules and Ordinances of the said University, as may other Professorship. Lecturesliip Pro- fessor o^' Lecturer in the same; and provided also, Thirdly, that the apppintment. ho a" such Chairs and Lectureships ^hall be mode by the Crown -f its mere motion and cluring its plea |ure, without the necessity of anv report from the Caput, or Senate, as provided with respect to t .e Chairs on the foundation of the said University. 4. And be it enacted, That it shall, and may, be lawful for Her Majesty, from ti^eto **"'«% 5' Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the Province, to institute, establish and endow such, and so i^^nvReSVeCshSs Scholarships. Exhibitions. Prizes and other Rewards in the said Umver. sitv as She shall think fit. and tc prescribe, in such Letters Patent, all such Rules and Regulations, IfLemarthink proper, 'for the conferring the same : all which Rules and Regulations the Author. - tfes of tlhe^saS Un^e^^ity are hereby required to observe and give effect to, as m the said Letters Patent shall be directed. 5 And he it enacted. That it shall and may be lawful for any person, or persons, bodies pohtic, or corpo^afe? whomsoever 'to found such, and%o many, Projessoj-^h Ps, Lee ureships Fellowsh^^^^ Sarsh PS, Exhibitions, Prizes and other Rewards in the said University as they may think proSr bVprovkling a sufficient endowment in Land, or other Property, and conveying the same tc. fheSancefior Masters and Scholars of the said University in trust for that P^'To^^' and thereupc. suing out Letters Pate.it from the Crown, instituting, establishmg and endowing the same with the nrooertv so nrovided for that purpose as aforesaid. In all which Letters Patent shall be set forth Fv TruVs a^d Culations. for^thTappointing to and conferring of such Profess«'-shir« l^ctnres^^^^^^^^ Fellowships Scholarships, E ihibitions. Prizes, or other Rewards as the respective founders thereof, wSThe apVobatio^^^ Crown, shall think fit to prescribe for that pur^se. AU which Ru^es and Regulations the Authorities of the said University are hereby required to observe and gie effect to as in the said Letters Patent shall be directed. Provided always nevertheless that none ..f Budi ProKSps upon private foundation shall entitle the holder of the Chairfor the time being to anv seat in the Seimte of the said University, or other share in the Government thereof, unless the B^me shall have been expressely conferred upon such Chair by a Statute of the said University Visita- torial. or Senatatorial, to be passed for that purpose. rpu^ rk.j»- ^f fi,« D-^v f"r ^bfi Houae in Committee on the Bill for the Better Establishment and Maintenance of Common Schools in Upper Canada, being re»d; The House accordmgiy resolved itself into the said Committee. M. Wolfred Nelson took the chair of the Committee ; and after some time spent therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the Chair ; and Mr. Nelson reported, That the Committee had gone through the Bill, and made amendments thereunto. Cliap.I. EOUCATIONAL PROCEEDINOS OF THE LKOIRLATUltK oF CANADA. 11 Ordered, That the Report be received on Monday next. July 8th. I8r>0. Purauant to the Orders of the Dity. the following Petitions were read : — (1), Of the Vei^ Reverend John Cnrro 1, AdniiniHtratot of the Roninn Catholic Dioouao of Toronto, and others, Catholics of the City of Toronto ; and "f the Very Reverend Anuus Macdonell, Yioar General of all the Mishoim c inprisinK the Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of C'Hnada, and Oonera' A^rent <>f the Catholic Ciergy of Canada ; praying ihatthe Nineteenth Section of the Connnc.i. School Bill, now before the Houiie, may be so amended, a» 10 en ible the Catholics of Canada West to establish Separate Schools, wherever they may deem it expedient ; (2), Of Mr. John Richardson and others, Coli.ured inhabitants of the lown of Niagaia ; praying that the word *' Colouied " be struck out of the Nineteenth 8« cti n of the Coiinnon School Bill now before the House ; (3), Of Mr. Poter Hume and others of Niagara, praying for the passing of an Act to incorporate the E'gin Association for the Edurationafand MoihI Improvement of the Coloured population of Canada ; (4), Of the Mnnicipa'ity of the Township of Chatham, praying for the adopti n of Legislative measures to discourage Negro EiniKratioii into this Province, and th^t the Bill *» iiicor()orate thH Elgin Association may not pass into law. The O der of the Day for receiving the Report of the Committee of the who'e House on the Bill for the Bettor hstib ishment nnd Maintenance of Common Schools in Upper Canada, bein<][ read ; The Honourable Francis Hinuks moved, seconded by Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, and the question being proposed, that the Report be now received ; Mr. Henry Smith moved in Amendment to the Question, seconded by Mr. Alexander Mo- Lean, that all I he words after ' That" to the end of the Question be left out, in order to add ihe words : " the said Bill be now re-cominitte i to a Committee of the whole House, for the purpose a amending the Fame, by inserting the words; *' by way of Rate Bill to be arsessed upon the parents of the children in such School Section. "after the word •♦ Rate" in the ninth line of the seventh paragraph of the Twelfth Section. And the (^'lestion beinif put on the Amend- m nt, the House divided ; and the names being called for, they were taken down, and the vote was ai follows : Yean, 10 ; Na>8, '.'2. So it passed in the negative. A good deal of further discussion ensued on the 12th Section, the 16th subdivision which says, " That it shall be the duty of the Trustees of each School Section, to be personall}' responsible for the fulfilment of any contract or agreement made by them, unless they can prove that they have exerted all the corporate powers vested in them by this Act for the fulfilment of such contract, or agreement." The Honourable Francis Hincks said it was found necesaarv to make the Trustees personally liable to carry out the law, because in many places it had been held that these Trustees are not re- sponsible for a;iy neglect in the performance of their duties. Mr. John Wilson said if the honourable Gentleman opposed to this Section would look at the question in a practical light, he would not press a division of the House upon it. All the Trustees were required to do was to carry out the corpci-ation functions of the Act. The Act was to give the Teacher a remedy against the Trustees, if they refused to pay his salary. He was of opinion that it would be a vast deal more injurious to make the Trustees not personally liable. Mr. JohnS, Macdonald, Solicitor-General, had seen more injury result to Teachers than to Trustees from the present practice, and was convinced of the necessity of making strict laws for the protection of these honest men. The Teacher was sometimes engageil for the year and does not get his pay until he has served his time, sometimes it happens that by the end of his term a new set of Trustees has been appointed who do not consider themselves bound for the acts of their predecessors, and thus the poor man is compelle'l, to wait fron: day to day to get his small pittance, and is obliged sometimes to get a mandamus before he can effect it. The clause has been inserted there with a view to protect this class of people from any imposition which might be practiced upon them by parties. He would have agreed to it in first view but, as his Honourable friend, Mr. Sherwood, had proposed to alter it, to meet the views of Honourable Members he was satisfied with it. Mr. Hincks alluded to the fact that in many cases Teachers had been unable to get their money in consequence of this want of responsibility on the part of the Trustees. The clause says simply that they shall exercise all the corporate powers vested in them, etcetera. An honourable gentleman talks about the office being forced upon School Trustees. There were many such ofhces. It was,how- ^ ever, necessary that they should take upon them this duty, and having accepted of it, if they were at j liberty to do as they thought proper, it would not be for the interests of society. It v/ould be practi- cally impossible tor any poor Teacher to come to the Attorney General for a mandamus for any money [ they had agreed to pay. The Honourable Henry Sherwood suggested that it might read : " The trustees shall exercise all : the powers vested in them by this Act for the fulfilment of any contract or agreement made therein, and, in case any of the trustees shall wilfully refuse to exercise these powers vested in him, he shall I be personally responsible." This h/iving met the wishes of honourable Members A i. mittee had gone I And the Question being again proposed, that the Report be now received ; Mr. Willism B. Richards moved in amendment to the Question, seconded by Mr. Benjamin Seymour, that all the words after " that" to the end of the Question be left out, in order to add the words : "the said Bill be now recommitted to a Committee of the whole House, for the purpose of amending ;iJ 12 DOCUMKNTAKY HISTOUY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 the .Huie, by addiiiK ihe word* : " Hr..vid«a Hlw»y», that at !e«»t two thirds of the freehol-'or. and houHchoIdern of Huch 8ch. ol 'Section then present inust co.,cur t«,""y P^'P""^";".^"'" « * u lishing a i re« School, or Iwi'dinj n«# H. ^nol llouae ui auoh SiCtion, at t: e end of the ¥ ourth paragraph <>f the (Sixth 8ecti(*f' Mr. RiLiumls. . M.vinKthu ai „ewt. Mid. th*t the concurrence of the ratepayeri. to the co„templated exi^ndilufl Wm »L , .e j. >V^<1 He (.eld th*t the B.ll .tself wa. too complex, too much ouinmed in every %»jf (w public oph '" to be 8ucces..r«illy earned out There w.u, not two roniiufe'ncifN in the ^roviSL «^ whom it «• ,uid be u«der.to«l, or wh., *oul.l apiH,.nt Superinten.l- enta that could oX|iI*»''> " H> the Trustees. Mr Hiuck* regreited lh.it the Hill had given ho little Bfttisfaclion to the honourable Member for Leeds ' He could oHly «*y, thai .;« had given the Huloect the utmost attention durnig the recess, and had receive.1 the advk, ^M sssistan.* of those parties .v ho must uccessarily "•"l«'''^^"i^^\« JX ;',", workina of a School BiU f*-' >^tter than the honourable Al-Muber for Lewis, ..r any other Member n the House, possibly could. II i\u-l' were ar.y legal errors in the m.^i^' of drawu.g it up, he ^""Won v say. that there were upward, of f...yWyers Tn the House, and Iv. ul ««««'^«'^J»'« ff''^*"''^^ several of them. Witli respect to tf.. amendment now before the H. ne. he could on y reco <» ^ « vote against it. as he was firmly convinced that it would prevent the Bill from. ever working satisfact- orily. The Question, having been put on the Amendment! the House divided ; and t^e na»n»8 beirg called for, t» ey were taken down,-the vote being :-Yba(-, IJ ; Nays, 2J. So it passed in the negative. The Tenth Section was amended, on motion of the Honourable .7. Hillyard Cameron, by the words: *' freeholders and landholders" being substituted for " resident householders. The Honourable Henry .L Boulton was strongly opposed to the power beinu thus g'^^-n by tlie Bill to tax non-residents and people who could m>t take advantage of the Schools, to pay foi other people's children. He contended that the principle was unprecedented. Mr. Hincks replied to him by 'reading from the School Act of Massachusetts, which conferred this power to School Trustees. He also info, led the honourable gentleman, that, in Scotland anv8tion being again proposed, that the Report be now received : Mr. William B. Riohaaa^ mou n amendment to tlie Question, seconded by Mr. Jacob De Witt, that all the words after " '1 .,at," to the end of the Question be left out, in order to add the words : the said BiU be n^ v recommitted to a Committee of the whole House, with an Insi ruction to the Committee to amend the Eighteenth Section so as to authorize the Townsh-p Councils to appoint, anuuallj. a Superintendent of Schools f«r their respective Townships. Mr. Hincks said that the amendment was to destroy the whole principle of the Bill, so far as it related to the appointment of Township, instead of County. Superintendents of Schools, [he hon- ourable Gentlemen is asked to make it compulsory on Township Councils to anpomt Township Siiper- intendents ; whereas he proposed to leave that question to he decided entirely by theCountj Louacils, which were be^t able to judge whether more than one School Superintendent was reiuired m a County, or not. And the Question being put on the Amendment ; the House divided:— And it passed in the negative. And the Question bein;^ gain proposed, that the Report be now received ; Mr. William B. Richards moved in amendnioat to the Question, seconded by Mr. Jacob ' e Witt, that hU the words after " I hat," to the end of the Quest on be left out, in order to add the words : the p-^id Bill be now recommitted to a Committee of the whole House, for the purpose of amendinc the same, so as to permit the st .eral Township Councils to appoint local Superinten.-W >. Common Schoo's within iheir several localities, where the Coun'y Council ^hall fail to anpoi.v ,• Local Superintendent of Schools for the whole County ; And the Question being put on the Amendment, the House divided :— And it passed in the negative. And the Question being again proposed,^_That the Report be now received ;^M^ the Question, seconded by Mr. Jacob De Witt, That all the Iht) Ouection be left out, in order to add the words : " the , 1 " ittftfc cf the whole House, with an Instruction to the 1,1 »o ^ho. he remuneration of the Local Superintendent of >t: io 1, be such 's the Municipal Body, by wlich he is Richards moved in amendment wonls after " That," to the end said Bill be now recommitted v Committee further to amend the fi!nti^f>la intended under the Thi" appointed, shall allow for his ser\ ;ov>> ; Mr. Richards, in moving this amaudme:=t. said that the people in the Country were not prepare'l to pay Two or Three Hundred poun.ls in each County, besides their oth^r taxes for the salaries of these Officers, who made their School Visits a winter pleasure-trip ; stopping their Horse for a f«w minutes at a School Room Door, and Jjust asking as many questions of the Teacher as would suffice to givt Chap.I. EDUCATIONAL PR0CEED1N08 OP TUE LEOISLATURE OT CANADA. 13 tlivni a general knowlotlge of tho »c«l Superintenii n wan to visit the S< IkioIh under his HuperviRion four times a year, and he wu' )>ound tu dcli r a Lecture in each Mchotil ,' I'lion once a year. Only one hundred Hfihools were to In placed under hi.M charge, and, for eacli xidit to a School he was to receive five shillingH. The strict supervision of a man of (I'lility and learn- ing would thus be obtained, and for tijat improvement, ho wan i unvinced that the people would not object to pay tho trifling a. S( it Ipassed in the negative. Ai d the Question being again proposed. That the Report be now received ; Mr. William B. lichards moved in ame idraent to the Question, seconded by Mr. James Smith, That all the fords after " That " to the end of the Question be left out, in order to add the words : " The Baid Bill be now recommitted to a Committee of the Whole House, for tho purp< se of amending the Thirty-fc-irth Section of the same so as to fix the salar'es of the Chief Superintendent of Bchoolp for Upper Canada, at Four Hundred and Twenty pounds (£420,) per annum, of the Brat Cleik at One Hundred and Seventy-five pounds (£176) per annum, and o' the second 'Jlerk at Sixty pounds (£(iO) per annum ;" And a debate arising thereupon; Mr. William B. Richards moved, seconded by Mr. Robert |)hri8tie, and the Question being put. That the Debate be adjourned until tomorrow; the louse divided ; and it was resolved in the affirmative. Jnly 9th, 1850. The Honourable Mr. Attorney General Baldwin, one of Her Majesty's executive C luncil, presented, pursuant to an Address to His Excellency the Governor General, Return to an Address from the Legislative Assembly to His Excellency the Go\ ernor General, jiated the first instant, prayinat His Excellency to cause to be laid before the House, a detailed Statement of the amount expended towards defraying the expenses of the " Commission of 1Jnl^uiry into the nffa.rs of the University of King's College," appointed under a St»tute of the Jnivars \ \ and also, a statement of the progress which has been made under such Commission ^f Enquiry, up to the present time. The O.der of the Day being read, for resumini^ the adjourned Debate upon the amendment rhich was yesterday proposed to be made to the Question^ That the Keport [of the Committee If the Whole House, on the Bill for the better Establishment and Maintenance of Conimon pchools in Upper Canada], be now received ; And which Amendment was. That all tiie words after "That" to the end of the Question left out, in order to add the words : "the said Bill be now recommitted to a Committee of le Whole House, for the purpose of amending the Thirty-fourth Section of the same, so as to ~ - ... ....,,. ..,,..., . .....~., ..j.-^v-'cij!. -^-i ■j'-jixrjxris nji vppci -waiiauB, ai rour nuiiuruu aua Pwenty pounds, (£420,) per annum, of the first Clerk at One Hundred and Seventy-fivb ■^175,) pounds, per annum, and of the second Clerk at Sixty pounds (£60), per annum ; " And the Question on the Amendment being ag»in proposed :— The House resumed the said iljourned Debate. . * J' U DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDICATIOV ,S « PPER CANADA. LSoO i! w. m ^ ■ 4. n ™^;tt«o nf tl.fi Whole and the adiounied debate on the Salary of > we House again" went into Committee of the Whole, ana ^ J William B. Kichanls the Chief Sunerintendento Education otUppeTCa^^^^^^ pounds (£500.) as pro- motion to re.luce that Gentleman's salary ,™"'iJ«_?3'^K^,e;>a pounds, (£4^,). Messieurs W. B. posed by Inspector G.3nera^ Hmcks lo J ""'' H""drcd a^^^^^^ ^^ '^ j j3^^,^^„^ fochardi, .Tames Smith, Henry Shemood Geo.ge Shemc^^^^^ ^^^^^^ John Prince William BRobin^^^^^^^ Ster Per^y Caleb HopkiTan^^ Rob^e'rt Chlistie having Kpoken S. Macdoaald, John A. Macdonad, l^<'.X^''"y' V*\^^^^ of salary to the Chief Superintendent. Reverend Chief Superintendent of Education. He said :- Relvtiovs or the Provikcial Government in 1850 to the Reverend Doctor Ryerson. The Member for Toronto. (Mr. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ fja^^ hI Had^^e^'in^ the support of the Chief Superintendent of f' "«f '«» J^ J » ^» '"^^^^^^^^^ '^^Me. He thought that ^^"^^?:^ wf ^:^^ the House that the K^^d^Ge^eman^. enga^;^ ^^^ ^^^^X Office, which he now held in a very keen controversy wth the Menit^e^^^^ ^^^^ ^.^^^ 1^.^ ^^^^ had taken a course decidedly hostj^ie to them As a^^^^^^^ P^^^^^ ^^ ,^^^ ^^ , -^ himself engaged in that ccxitest though wtl^^Dj^^bp^^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^,f ,,i. Colleague., every contest of the kind ^ ^"^ there was undou^^^^^^ P ^-^^^^^^ ^^ ^,^^ formidable oppo- a strong pohtical f eehng of "^'^hke to the Keverenrt .eiu ,^^ ^^ ^^ ^^.^^ Superintendent, sition with which theyTiad been met ^J hin.. He was appm^ appointing him ; for, if anv by the late tiovernraent, and he did not ^1^"!^ that t.oNernmeni ^ .^n leman, by his defence .,f one ever established strong «la'"'\"P°'' X ^^ assi med^^^ of the Government; and, that Administration. The present ^^^ "!«try aga n a^ssumerl the a^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ niensurcs undoubtedly, there was a general .^f^^ ^,^^ *^°"« '„7^hleF?ri^ way, or other ; and, in that fee'- expected of them was the ge tn.g ri.l "jj^he Reverend C^^et in onie ^, ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ e^.lered advisable to *„° fj^^;;^ any one to say th.a oftener into contact with hu..,-the oftcial. of th«j^"ftom H^^^ an ^^^^^ ^^^^^.^^ ^j ^-^ °^^^Id;::.ums^ in .. uniunication wi.1 t^ Rev^.l ^S^;— r:::^^;:^^ ! ! wronenottohaveavailediuj.nsclvesof that knowledge. „ . i i,„,i ,„i.m, ^' TIU- regretted tl. .u,.e ...ich .omc g^tlome. -ith « lom Jieg^ra ,v ^-^^^^i'^;^ on this matter of salary T,i3v Wl heavd a i^^'^^J^ p rf^ss^d t^^^ Administration. Jr?e^ Srnii!" nt^t^inl l^^y dSaU.^^n^f ^at mcasil^s, to make an excuse t. oppose the Government. .„„„o„„iblo nartv (iovernment, and, if^ns ,. It was totally opposed t.. ^ 'c l.rmnple a ». l^-a-x-^^^ altogether impracticable. It In •Th. H...-.b.. ..r. H«». b.,. », .,«.! I... ^imon „h.„„ .„».. .h. .ul».U„tl.n .1 . Ml.i.fr .< E.l.».i... <■ ■ a non-political Chief Sj] erintemlent. iNoO C/hap.I. EDUCATIONAL PRd KEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 15 the Salary of I B. Uichaids ;.")l)0.) as pro- Bsieurs W. B. ' J. Boulton, Holmes, JoLii leving spoken iperinlendent. iiment to the Ryekson, n with buying ad desired, in 1 thought that , He thouj^ht iticn oKupied [lat Gentleniiin i accepting the ; Ministry ; he t time, he had ad engaged in his Colleagues, rmidalile oppo- uperiiitendeiit, iiti ; for, if any his defence if ernnient ; and, first measures id, in that fee - who were nicbt ' lilaf- situations, d that thi y did 18, to make the t was not c(;n- le wiis satisfied country,- after 'ork and in oitr the Incunibtnt as to justify his nissal, and they rnment, he was, e had fornieily lid notfindthiit c, into the fif.'lil ison to interff i e m, and his, (Mr- the Goveninur.t tficers who eanic one to say thit ;he duties of his lould do so. ce to this SiJK • 1 Bte knowledge < f 1 have tlone vcrv noted, had tnki it hut he had si en Ailministraliim, like an excuse \» uent, and, if ns a cticable. If hi I he had often 1 - hat, being so 'ind it was absolutely later of Education fc r necessary that persons should yiehl small points, on which they happened to ditfer, from those with whom they acted on the great ones. The School Bill now before them had been pronounced a good one by all sides of the House ; 3'et amendment after amendment had been moved of the most frivolous character; (and he must say, ) nearly all from their own side of the House. They had been threatened by the Member for Durham, I (James Smith), with being hurled from their places. He. (Mr. Hincks) had witnessed before now changes in popular opinion, and could bide his time. If the Members of the House withdrew their support from the Administration, and announced it in a proper manner, he, for one, was ready to bow to their decision ; but he would tell them, that if they succeeded in forming their '' clear Grit " Government, they too must have the support of a party, and that they could not have that, if they were to insist on their own way on every trumpery point. They had appointed a Finance Committee to enquire into the revenue and r. xpenditure of the j whole Province, and it would be their duty to inquire into the duties of both Superintendents of Schools, and ascertain the adequate remuneration. He knew perfectly well that there Members of tlie Finance Committee, who only desired to reduce the salaries of the Members on the Treasury Benches, and who were not desirous to go any further in the inquiry . . . He might remark, that he had not found the Lawyers in the House very anxious to reduce the jsalaries of the Judges, but when it came to civilians, to the Superintendents of Education, then Five jHundred pounds (£500,) a year was far too much ! Now, he considered the duties of that office as Iquite equal in importance, and requiring equal talents, to those of the highest office in the customs, land such Superintendents should not therefore be placed in an inferior position to such an Officer . . . The (Tovernment earnestly desired that a searching enquiry should be made by the Finance Com- Iniittee into the proceeding of every Department*; there were Members on it who would go a certain [length, and would go no further, but he, (Mr. Hincks,) would go into it from the beginning to the kfery end. Mr. William H. Boulton moved in amendment to the said proposed amendment of Mr. (Williaiu 13, Richards, seconded by Mr. John Scott, that the words: '"Four Hundred and Twenty" oe left out and the words : " Three Hundred " inserted instead thereof ; And the Qt;estion being put on. the Amendment to the said propos d amendment, the louse divided ; and the names being called for, they were taken down, and the vote was as fallows : Yeas, 6 ; Nays, 60. Si» it pa88^ d in the negative. And the Question on the Amendment to the Original Question being again proposed ; Mr. Fames Smith moved in amendment to the sai I ))rnposed Amendment, seconded by Mr. William fotuian, that the words ''and twenty " be hft out ; And the Question being put, that those words be left out ; the House divided : and the bames being called for, they were taken down, the vote being as follows : Yeas, 17 ; Nays, 48. po it passed in the negative + And the mnin Question being again proposed, that the Report be now received ; Mr. J^mes Smith moved in amendment to the Question, seconded by Mr. Thomas H. Johnson, that all the words after "that " to the end of the Que-r the purpose of irther amending the SNme, bv le<*ving out the words : " Provided always, that n<> portion of le Legislative School Grant shall be applied in aid of any School in which any Book is used iat has been disapproved <•£ by the Council of Public Instruction, and public notice given of iich disapproval" in the fifth paragraph of the Thirty-eighth Secticn. and the words, 'or ithorized," in the th'rd paragraph of the Twenty-ninth Section." : and the names being 13 ; Nays, 44. So it And the Question being put on the amendment ; the House divided ^lled for, they were taken down, the vote being as follows : — Yeas, issed ill th" negative. .And t'ie Question bein>» again pr -posed, that the Report be now received ; Mr. James Smith moved in nmendment to the Question, sec 'nded by Mr. Thomas H. ohns".! that all the W'rds after "that" to the end of the Quest'ion be left out, in order to add ie words : " ihe said Bill bo now recommitted to a Committee of the Whole H luse, fi)r the jirpose of leaving out the word "direct" in iho fifth jiaragraph of the Thirty-fifth Section, and sorting the word " tuthorize," and aiding the words "under the direction of the Local School jperintondent" at the tnd of the said Section ; " • An inquiry into the management of the Education Department by this Finan':;e Committee was made. I append, in bther Chapter of this Volume, the evidence on the subject which was laid before that Committee by the Chief Superin- |dent of Education. t It is singular that the House devoted verv much more time to a discussion as to whether the Salarv of the Chief lerintendent should he £300, £400. £420, or £500, than it did to the consideration of, ani discussion on, the whole of the ; of the Common School Bill of I860. 16 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPEK CANADA. 1850 I> III iiliijl 1 passed in the negative. . , And the Question being again proposed, that the Report be now received , Mr. James Smith moved -.rt^f-jJ^^^J'^^f g^Q^^^^^^ Johnson, that all the words after ^^at to the ei^o^he Question ^^^ ^^^ ^ the words: ''the said Bdl be recommi^^^jd ^^^^^^^ .^^ ^^^^^^^ •, ,he ?^^hiX-Sg^hrSe?tr,t nece^s's"; fora^Qrum ?f the Council ot Public I-'ruc-- ._ And the Question being put on the amendment ; the House dxv.ded ; the vote bemg . Yeas, 14 ; Nays, 26. So it passed in the negative. Then tlte mam Question being put ; it was Ordered That the Report be now received. Mn Tib De Witt, in th, .b.ence of Mr. WolM Nelson, reported the B,H .ooortmgly ; and the amendments were read, and agre.d to. . .. .u^Hf ,ha11 And .nother Amendment .» n,.de ,o '»'« ™>i„'«Vinr' To™* p." i» J= nS bo the d»t, of th. Municip. CoanoU of ^^^''^\y°^"\;^vTC the iM, o the M»nielp.l r:;5n\rr,tr.'c »nixto.rorTtr.^"!l. «„ to^j, o^ incorporated Village," instead thereof.* . Ordered, That the Bill, with the amendments, be engrossed, and read the third time '""IZltk, 1S50. The following Petition --XTlTth^J^mth^^^^^^^^^^ behalf of the Dumfries Teachers' ^^.^^^^.^^^onT™^^^ Office of Chief Sup- the e-tablishment of Teachers' Institutes upon a proper b^^^^ Provincial Secre- Sntl^Sr^Jr^^^^^^^^^^ stS r S^ Sued to Students of the Normal Sol only and praying for legisktion in the premiM^s. „ ,,. , , a TheOrferof the Daylor the third reading of the Bdlfor the Better E.i.bh.hn,.nt .nd MaintSLnS of Common Sohool. in Upper Canada bemg re .d, it was . Or.e„., That the BiU be read. thW time t<.mo^o. ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ C.J:SiLL'^:V^r'cSJt,SVZ^^ i 0,.er, rea. the third time. • ^r^;'::: r Hl'Z^rnoi. Hino..dooarrytheBi«totheLegi.Uti..Oo.,noi,, '-' xtorriZtr the second re..din^ I'^S^n^TS °Cr„J^treE'g ing the intention of the Act of *e l«t Sos.|on of the Pa.l»W "I 'J» ™;„j endowment of the Charter of the Unirer.it, of Toronto and tojrovide for '»«■"« Kxhihition., Prizes Regius and other Profes.or.hips Lectureships, ™'°"3' *^^^^^^ with the said Uni- :^^'^^':A^.SS^".''S:;S%-^^^£^^'S^^' Cn-d. Con.ge forming an '^C Bmtr:;::iT;'re'.d . .econd time ; and committed to a Committee of the whoie ''TrrTtrthTletnrnto.Ad^^^^^^^^^^^ S.r,5%°hri;:^V:;it°rS'°cteg:r^^^^ .^i. Hon.e, on Tu.sda„ the Ninth '^£'rrtrtrr^=^^^^ endowment of R-gi"^ "i°***^'/ ?! Z «^irUn^^ersitv for other purposes connected with bitions.. Priz ^s an;l othe^r Reward«^|n ^^e said Unwer^.ty^-^ ^^^^^^ ^^P^ P^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ the sHia universicy, aim mtji v..- --' — n- ' forming an Appendage thereof, being read ; ^ ____„ . I have o.„itted the report o, the debate -thi« Nineteenth St the Schoo, B.^ rel^^^^^^^^^^^ Mk'^«ratffin1{=i'oVs^.'^«^^^^^ - 18re"-pnh.Uhed hy Doctor W.iha,,. Briggs in 1897. Chap. I. TheH took the ch Chair ; Am him to mov Orderei TheOi Maintenani a second tii TheH. Question bi to-morrow Mr. W Smith, Tha And til the main Q Ordere next. Jidy 1 County of " of Separate Jidy 1 Taylor, Esi Mr. Speak TlieL( A Bill, Bchcdla in Lbuislativ July 2. Executive i — Return t dated the T Return of Anatomv, King's Col how many i such Stude A Mefi I Gentleman \ Mr. Speak HisE: I House in t AccoH I returned ; Mr. S] iGeneral. tl [where His following, .\ii Ai [Canada, 1i TheO [respecting ■ ftniendin" [endowmen I Exhibition [with the I ICoUege, fo [the said C( 2 1850 Chap. I. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 17 lames being . 36. So it Thomas H. jrder to add the purpose reof. in the ►n:" )te being :— iccordingly ; that it shall in the Nine- le Municipal incorporated e third time President, on 11 result from )f Chief Sup- irincial Secre- f the Normal lishment and lintenance of itive Council, oubts respect- for amending endowment of litions, Prizes the said Uni- le forming an 3 of the whiile Ixcellency, the iquiry into the lay, the Ninth certain Doubts is Province for nstitution and Urships, Exhi- jonnected with anada College, eparate Schools, us ears, includinsf tlu' by Doctor William The House accordingly resolved itself into the said Committee. Mr. FranQois X. M^thot took the chair of the Committee ; and after some time spent therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the Chair ; And Mr. M4thot reported, That the Committee had made some progress, and directed him to move for leave to sit again. Ordered, That the Committee have leave to sit again, to-morrow. The Order of the Day for the second reading of the Bill for the Better Establishment and Maintenance of Grammar Schools in Upper Canada, being read ; The Bill was accordingly read A second time. The Honourable FraacisHinoks moved, seconded by the Honourable James H Price, and the Question being proposed. That the Bill be committed to a Committee of the whole House for to-morrow ; Mr. >A'illiam B Richards moved in amendment to the question, seconded by Mr. James Smith, That the word : " to-morrow " be left out, in order to add the words : " Tuesday next ;" And the Question being put on the Amendment, it was resolved in the Affirmative. Then the main Question, as amended, being put ; and it was : Ordered, That the Bill be commmitted to a Committee of the Whole House for Tuesday next. Jidy 18th, 1850. A Petition was read from Mr. William P. Newman and others, of the County of Kent, praying that the Common School Bill be so amended as to prevent the creation of Separate Schools for Coloured Children, unless desired by the Coloured people themselves. Jidy 19th, 1850. A Message was received from the Legislative Council by John Fennings Taylor, Esquire, one of the Masters in Chancery, as follows : — Mr. Speaker, ?1ie Legislative Council have passed the following Bill, without amendment, videlicet : — A Bill, in ituled : "An Act for the Better Establishment and Maintenance of Common Schoola in Upper Canada." Ren^ E. Caron, Speaker. Lboislative Council, 18th July, 1850. Jidy 2^th, 1850, Tlie Honourable Mr. Attorney-General Baldwin, one of Her Majesty's Executive Council, presented, pursuant to an Address to His Excellency the Governor General, — Return to an Address from the Legislative Assembly to His Excellency the Governor General, dated the Fourth instant, praying His Excellency t^ cause to be laid before the House a Tabular Return of the names of the Medical Students who have regularly attended the Lectures on Anatomv, Physiology, Surgery, Medicine, Materia-Medica, and Midwifery, in the University of King's College, since the commencement of these Lectures to the present time ; specifying also how many of these branches each Student has regularly attended annually, and how many of [ such Students had matriculated in the said University. A Message from His Excellency the Governor General by Frederick Starr Jarvis, Esquire, I Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, was received, as follows : — Mr. Speaker, His Excellency the Governor General desires the immediate attendance of this Honourable House in the Legislative Council Chamber. Accordingly Mr. Speaker, with the House, went to the Council Chamber : and being [ returned ; Mr. Speaker reported. That agreeable to the commands of His Excellency the Governor iGeneral. the House had attended upon His Excellency in the Legislative Council Chamber, jwhere His Excellency was pleased to give, in Her Majesty's name, the Royal Assent to the [following, among other. Public and Private Bills : — .\n Act for the Better Establishment and Maintenance of Common Schools in Upper [Canada, 1850. The Order of the Day for the House in Committee on the Bill to remove certain Doubts I respecting the Intention of the Act of the last Session of the Parliament of this Province for s ~"w w.... ..... .-. .'•...• . . ... r ^'. .-...'J- ... »..-., ?»ii!- ./.. i'l'-Tt^t^ iv.i I'lit? iliwi-'ivuiivil aiiu [endowment of Regius and other Professorships, Lectureships, Fellowships, Scholarships. I Exhibitions, Prizes and other Rewards, in the said University, and for other purposes connected I with the said University, and with the College and Royal Grammar School of Upper Canada [College, forming an Appendage thereof, being read ; the House accordingly resolved itself into |the said Committee. Mr. Jean B. Monganais took the chair of the Committee ; and after some 2 D.E. ,'"'1 ll i ir '' I ," * I' I 18 DOCUMKNTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 time sDent therein Mr. Speaker reBumed the Chair ; And Mr. M.mgenais reported, Thai; the C™mSe td gone throu^gh the Bill, and made amendments thereunto. Ordered, That the Report be received to-morrow. J^y ,HK, mo. Th, Petition o. *• Hoj„u„bWo|m B;„«^'»- h^rL'sS^rJ iTltA ?t£ oi gla,":l,KgKf'„7bX£„™..b,e John Hl>.,.rd . .„o,o„ ict to incori^rate the Petitioners under the name and style of Tnmty College. Ordered, That the Honourable John Hillyard Cameron ^aj leave to b„ng " a B^^^^^^ ^^:^:^.^flSfl^:sS^. ^^^^^^^^^ —mo. '^^^::;^. ..5. Mr^ J;:^B. Mon.e^^t.d «. gll Sn^^^lT^^t dowment of Begins and ot her Professorships Lectures^^^^^^ ^'r Sr p^^poses co-aacted with fc^tre-rsV^^;^^^^^^^ '-^^ ^""^^^ forming an Appendage thereof ; and the ame:.dment8 were read, and agreed to 'The HonoLable^Mr. Attorney General BaM^J --/--^^^ ^f^ f 1^^^^^^^^ Harvey Price ; and the question being P>-«P°««t' *^* ^^J^^f John HiUyard Camerou m-ved grossed, and read the third time to-'"«"«^' *$? ^',^"7 ^^nab that^all the words after in amendment to the Question, seconded b/. ^""^if;,"'^^ ^^^^^ " Bill" to the end of the Question be left out, in order to add the;vora8_ o_ inserting the for the purpose of leaving out all the word« ,n th P a^^^^^^^^^ words:" "An Act was passed in ihe lastSess.on of the t;"»"™«"5^^^^^^^^^ established at Toronto by two, and intituled : "An Act to amend the Charter of >^^/ ^ni^rs^tyj^^^^^^^^ government of His late Majesty King George the Fourth, to prov de f^"- *\« J"^^^/*^';;*^ th the College and the said Universitv, and for other purposes °o"«^f «^,^^l'^ *^f^'JVh^ doubts have been Royal Grammar School forming and Appendage thereof and necessary raised as to the powers of the said ^niversi^ty.bj statu « or °^ JJ^^^-^^^^^truction and attend- This Amendment was lost on a division, by a Vote of 15 Yeas to 37 Nays. On the Question of the Bill being.read ^or ^J^^J^hird tij^^^^^^^^ ourable Henry John Boultop moved ^ amendment seconded by Mr. ^a e p , the words after " Bill" be left out, in order to add the words . " Be now recommitted to consider the expediency of leaving out the first Clause and innnrtincr the foUowing instead thereof : „ . .. ^ • ' ll enacted, for the better enabling every Student in t^^^^^^^^^^^ « -eive Religious Instruction according to the Cre.d -hich he professes *« »^J^^; Jf^^^J^g^^^utes, either the Slid University, from time to time, ^ occasion '"f.^ f^^,^' ''^q aSn^a fit and convenient risitorial. or Senatorial, to be framed *"? J^ .oTh^^^^^^^^^^ it shall be lawful Site within th<.precints of the grounds attached to this saiau^ y, Univeis.ty for such for any Denomination of Christians, who shall think ^^^ ^^^''^^i^^rsity, aChapel,Hall, privilege, io erect, according to a plan to he approved of by the 8a.auniy,F^ ^^ ^^^ Ir Lectu™ Rooms, for Divine Worship, or the ^^l^^^Y^J^^/^^^'^^^^^^^ persons shall Creed of the parties so applying ; «"d also to endow a„y Prof esso^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ f^^^s, think fit to found for that purpose ^^^'j^'l.^y F^"',^*^^^^^^^^ behalf, and to grant public, or freehold, securities as tbey shall '^"k proper to bestow in ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^.^ hr^l L^rrLr; endotmeX^^tl^ln^?^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ — ^'^ ^ ^^« -"^^^^ thereof in anywise notwithstanding : '.: Provided. That no Lecturer, Reader, P-fessor or other^Pe^on^app^^^^^^^ ■ ■' ' " " "'^ure nooiu, »haa, uj 'f^"-'" -"l"- , .K^rfof hut tl in •• ±-roviuou. J.11C.U «." ^^-.-— --, -^ . • T. - -Va" ^-' -Aoann therftoT. De regttru«5u as a ryare;s^crr«tot';,'r;d^J^^^^^ ' * . . ^_»__— — — — — ^ _. . ^^:^4-w,nAttrtt^ri Hur* i T^i. Bill did not eome up for a Second Reading during this Session of the House, ing the following Session and passed. It was, however, reintroduced dur^ iLegislativ Chap I. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 19 given therein, and for aecurin^; that the same ahall not interfere with ihe general discipline of the said University : Provided always, that no Student shall be compelled, by any Rule of the University, to attend any Theological Lecture, or Religious Instruction, but that all attendance thereat shall be purely voluntary, so far as the authority of the said University may be invoked to enforce it." And the question being put on the Amendment, the House divided, and it passed in the negative. Then the main question being put, the House divided, and it was resolved in the affirmative. Ordered, That the Bill, with the amendments, be engrossed and read a third time to-mor- row. Jidy 27th, 1850. An engrossed Bill to remove cettain Doubts respecting the Intention of the Act of the last Session of the Parliament of this Province for amending (he Charter of the University of Toronto, and to provide for the institution and endowment of Regius and other Professorships, Lectureships, Fellowships, Scholarships, Exhibitions, Prizes and other R«w in mentioned, for the use of three additional Grammar Schools in the County of York, for the year 1849, He accordingly presented the said Bill to the House, and the same was received and read for the first time ; and ordered to be read a second time on Wednesday next. Jvly 30th, 1850. The Order of the Day for the second reading of the Bill to incorporate the Elgin Association for the Settlement and Moral Improvement of the Coloured population of Canada being read. The Bill was accordingly read a second time ; and committed to a Com- mittee of the whole House for I hursday next. A Mefsage was received from the Legislative Council, by John Fennings Taylor, Esquire, I one of the Masters in Chancery, as follows : — Mr. Speaker, The Legislative Council has passed a Bill intituled : "An Act to authorize the Removal of [the Site of Victoria College from Cobourg to Toronto," Ren^ E. Cakon, Speaker, I Legislative Council, 30 July, 1850. This Bill having been read a first time. On motion of Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, seconded by the Honourable Francis Hincks, it was Ordered, That the said Bill be read a second time on Thursday next. August 31st, 1850. The Standing Committee on Expiring Lands reported, that the Legicla- Itive Council had passed the Bill, intituled : " An Act to remove certain Doubts respecting the jlntention of the Act of the last Session of the Parliament of this Province for amending the ICharter of the University of Toronto, and to provide for the institution and endowment of [Regius and other Professorships, Lectureships, Fellowships, Scholarships, Exhibitions, Prizes, land other Rewards in the said University, and for other purposes connected with the said lUniversity, and with the College and Royal Grammar School of Upper Canada College, forming Ian Appendage thereof," with several amendments; to which they desire tho concurrence of this ■House : Ordered, That the Amendments made by tho Legislative Council to the Bill : intituled. An Act to remove certain Doubt:} respecting the Intention of the Act of the last Session of the Parliament of this Province for amending the Charter of the University of Toronto, and to provide for the institution and endowment of Regius and other Professorships, Lectureships fellowships, Scholarships, Exhibitions, Prizes and other Rewards, in the said University, and lor other purposes connected with the said University, and with the College and Royal Irammar School of Upper Canada College, forming an Appendage thereof," be now taken into bonsideration. The House proceeded, accordingly, to take the said Amendments into oonsiderAtion ; and the same were read, as follows : — er, reintroduced dur- Press 2, line 29, Press 2, line 38. Leave out from "contained" to "Members," in line 32, and insert "nine." Leave out from " business " to " and," in line 36. VJ ' , "# J I >m V J ♦/ ,'• ♦ 20 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 ■ Chap. I. ji '1 PrM« L line 21 A iter " purpose " insert Clause (A.) as follows :- .h.n Kffeot or be coMtrued to ■?"';». s.rfS .ha\l to .11 taienl. and purpn.e», »h.t.Mver, KtjeV.tsrr.'dt"if.'pro'.iS°orr^^^^ been inserted in chis Act." The said Amendments, being read a second time, were agreed to. Amendments ^^ presented to the House and read :- from Oobourg to Toronto. To uf;m,nr„u T^ustees for oach Grammar Sc^ ->ol iu such County: Provided always, that two person.^ thus appointed, (to be determined by such Council,) shall retire from office annually, (butmavbe re-appointed.) and their places, as also any occasional vacancy, shall be filled up by such Coun'^il : Provided also, that the person appointed to fill such vacancy Second Proviso : shall hold office only for the unexpired part of the term for which the Person whose place shall have become vacant, was appointed to serve : Provided likewise, that the Third Proviso : present Boards of Trustees of Grammar Schools shall continue in office until their suc- cessors shall have been appointed, according to the provisions of thit Act. X. And he it enacted, That it shall be the duty of the Board of Trustees of each County Grammar School, (the first meeting of whom may be called by any Member :) First, To appoint annually, or oftener, a Chairman, Secretary and Treasurer, the times and places of their meetings, the mode of calling and conducting such meetings, and of keeping a full and correct account of their proceedings : Secondly,— To take charge of each County Grammar School and the Buildings and lands appertaining to it ; to appoint, or remove, the Master and other Teacher, or Teachers, in such School : to fix their salaries and prescribe their duties ; to aptoint anv other Officers, or Servants, in such School, as they may judge expedient, and fix their remuneration ; to do whatever may be expedient, with regard to erecting, repair- ing, warming, furnishing, or keeping in order, the Building, or Buildings, of such School and its appendages, lands and enclosures, and to apply, (if necessary,) for the requisite sum, or sums, to be raised by municipal authority for such purpose, or purposes : Thirdly,— To cause, in their discretion, to be levied by Rate Bill upon the parents and guardians of pupils attending such School, such additional sum, or sums, as t\v-y shall judge expedient towards making up the salaries of Teachers, providing the proper apparatus, text-books, and registers, and for any other necessary expenses of such School, and they shall have the same authority, and proceed in the same manner as Common School Trustees in the levying and collecting of Rate Bills for Common Schools : Fourthly,— To employ any lawful means, which they may judge expedient, in con- currence with the Board of Trustees of Common Schools in the Township, Village, Town, or City, in which such County Grammar School may be situated, for uniting one, or more, of the Common Schools of such Township, Village, Town, or City, or depart- ments of them, with such County Grammar School : Provided always, that no sucli union shall take place without ample provision being made for giving instruction to the pupils in the elementary English branches, by a duly qualified English Teacher, or Teachers: Provided also, that, under such circumstances, such County Grammar Schocil may be regarded, as a County Model School also, and perform the functions of such Model Schools, as far as the Trustees shall deem it advisable : Fifthly,— To see that the pupils of such County Grammar School are supplied with proper text-books ; that public half-yearly examinations of the pupils are held, and due notice given of them ; and that such" School is conducted in accordance with the Regula- jooks, etcetera, tions which shall be provided according to law : Provided always, that, the Master and Duties of Masters other Teachers of such School shall observe the same Regulations, in respect to teaching, and Teachers, discipline, keeping Registers and Visitors' books, as are required by Law, of each Teacher of a Common School : fyixthly, —To give the necessary orders upon the County Treasurer for the amount of public money to M'hich such School is entitled, and upon their o^• n Treasurer for any balance in his hands for the payment of the salaries of the Officers of such School, and of any necessary expenses ; to prepare and transmit, before the Fifteenth day of January, to'thfi Chief Superintendent of Schools, an Annual Report, which shall contain a full and accurate account of all matters appertaining to such School, in accordance with a form of Report which shall be provided according to law. XI— And be it enacted. That each County Grammar School shall be distinguished by prefixing to the term "County," the name of the City, Town, or Village, within the limits of which it may be situated. Duties of each Board of Trus- tees. To determine modes of pro- ceeding. To take charge of the Grammar School, ap))oint Masters, etcetera. To levy rate bills, etcetera, May unite Com- mon Schools with the Gram- mar School. Conditions of such Union. To see that pupils are pro vided with proper text- bo ' To give orders for payments of Masters, etcetera. To prepare and transmit annual reports. Grammar School— how distinguished. Chap. I. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINQS OF THE LEQISLATURE OF CANADA. 28 I- .: ^i' il XII— And whereas it ia desirable at all Seminaries anil places of Education to (lin-ct attention to natural phenomena, and to encourage habits of observation ; And Whkkeas a better knowledge of the climate and meteorology of Canada will bo set vioeable to agricultural and other pursuits, and l)e of value to scientific enquirers : Ik it there/ore enacted. That it shall be part of the duty of the Master of every wenior County Grammar School, to make the requisite observations for keeping, and Muteni of cer- tain Oram mar SvhnolH to keep Meteorological Journal t. to keep, a Meteorological Journal, embracing such observations, and kept according to such form as shall, from time to time, be directed bv the Council of Public Instruction ; and all such journals, or abstracts of them, shall bo presented annually, by the Chief Instruments to be provided, .Superintendent of Schools to the Governor General, with his Annual Report : Every County Grammar School shall, on, or before, the last day of November, One Thousantl Eight Hundred and Fifty, be provided at the expense of the County, with tiie following instruments : One Barometer : One Thermoroeter, for the temperature of the air : One Ther- mometer, for the temperature of evaporation : One Rain-guage and measure . and One Wind vane. And it shall be the duty of the Chief Superintendent of Schools, to procure these instruments, at the request of the Municipal Council of any County, and to furnish the Master of each senior County Grammar School with a Book for registering Observations, and with forms for abstracts thereof, to be transmitted to the Chief Superintendent by such Master, who shall certify that the Observations required have been made with due care and regularity. XIII — And he it er.acted, That it mavand shall be lawful for the Governor-in-Coun- School of Art cil to appropriate out of the moneys referred to, in the first section of this Act, a sum ?"^ Design for not exceeding Five Hundred Pounds, (£500), in any one year, for establishing and main- ^^^^ ""* "^ taining a School of Art and Design for Upper Canada, under the direction and control of the Council of Public Instruction, which shall establish such School in connection with the Normal School, or otherwise, as it shall judge expedient, and shall employ the Professors, or Teachers, and make all regulations for the said School of Art and Design, and shall manage all the affairs thereof, as is provided by law, for the superintendence and management of the Normal School. XlV—And be it enacted, That all former Laws and Statutes relating to Grammar fepMUd''^^* Schools, or Grammar School moneys in Upper Canada, so far as they are contrary to provisions of this Act, shall be, and the same are hereby, repealed : Provided always, that all appointments of Trustees, Masters, or Teachers, of Grammar Schools shall con- tinue in force, as if made under the authority of t'is Act, until revoked, or changed, according to the provisions of the same. August 5th, 1850. An engrossed Bill to provide for the payment of the sum of money therein mentioned, for the use of three additional Grammar Schools in the County of York for the year 1849, was, according to Order, read the third time. Resolved, That the Bill do pass, and the Title be :— '• An Act to provide for the payment of the sum of money therein mentioned, for the use and support of three additional Grammar Schools in the County of York, Upper Canada, for the year One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-nine," (1849.) Ordered, Tuat Mr. Solicitor General, John Sanfield Macdonald, do carry the Bill to the Legislative Council and desire their concurrence. The Order of the Day for the House in Committee on the Bill to incorporate the Elgin Association for the Settlement and Moral Improvement of the Coloured population of Canada, being read ; The House accordingly resolved itself into the said Committee. Mr. Read Burritt took the chair of the Committee ; and after some time spent therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the Chair ; and Mr. Burritt reported, that the Committee had gone through the Bill, and directed him to report the same, without amendment. Ordered, That the Bill be engrossed, and read the thi/d time to-morrow. ^it^ftts* 6th, 1850. Mr. Edward Malloch, from the Committee of Supply reported several Resolutions, which were read. Among them were the following; Resolved that a sum of Five Hundred Pounds (£500,) be granted to each of the following Colleges : 1. "Victoria College, Cobourg 2. Queen's College, Kingston 3. Regiopolis College, King- ston 4. To Upper Canada College Toronto Kleven Hundred and Eleven Pounds, (£1,111). 6. For acquiring a Site and erecting a Building for the Upper Canada Normal School, Fifteen Thousand Pounds, (£16,000.) August 7th, 1850. An engrossed Bill to incorporate the Elgin Association for the Settle- ^ ment and Moral improvement of the Coloured population of Canada was, according to Order, read j the third time. Resolved, That the Bill do pass. 24 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 Ordered, That the Honourable Malcolm Cameron do carry the Bill to the LegUlalive Coun- cil, and desire their concurrence. . t • i i- The Order of the Day for the second reading of the engrowed Bill from the Legislative CouncU intitued :' .. Ai'^ict to authorize the removal of the Site of V.ctona College from Cobourg to Toronto." being read ; The Bill was accordnigly read a .eoond time. Ordered, That the Bill be now read the third time and the Rules of this House suspended as regards the same. The Bill was accordingly read the third time. Resolved, That the Bill do pass. . x • w n „«!i Ordered That Mr Joseph C. Morrison do carry back the Bi.l to the Legislative Council, and a.; uahi Sr Honour8?that this House hath passed the ..me. without any amendment A Message from the Legislative Oounc^, by John Fennings Taylor, Esqu.ro, one of th. Masters in Chancery, was road as follows :— ^'" The'^LeSlative Council have passed the following Bill, without amendment, videlicet :- Rnl iSlfld -An Act t.. provide for the payment of the sum of money therein men- tioned "oXte and s1.°ppt\ tf three additional^GJammar Schools in the County of York, for the yekr One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-nine, ( 1849). Legislative CotTN.n., 7th August, 1850. R-=n^ E. Cakon, Si>eaker. A'.Lniuit 8th 1850 The Honourable James Harvey Price, one of Her Majesty s EJ'ecutive by the Chief Superintendent of Schools. Ordered That the «aid Report be printed for the use of the Members of this House ; and that a suffilnt „u.nber of additional copies thereof be also printed, so as to f urmsh a copy to each Municipal Council, Local Superintendent, and Common School Corporation, in U,.per ^""^^lust 9th, 1850. A Message from the Legislative Council, by John Flennings Taylor, Esquire, one of the Masters in Chancery, was read as follows .— ^'" The'LeSative Council have passe Uhe following Bill, without Amendment, videlicet :-- Bill intituled : " An Act to incorporate the Elgin Association for the Settlement and Moral improvement of the Coloured population of Canada. Legislative Council, 9.h August, 1860. R^n,?. E. Caron, Lpeaker. ADDITIONS MADE TO THE SCHOOL ACT OF 1850 BY THE GOVERNMENT. Apart from the changes in phraseology, as well as alterations made in certain Sections of the Common School Act of 1850 by Members, during the passage of the Bill through the House of Assembly, several additions were made to it by the Honourable Francis Hincks, (Inspector General) who had charge of the Bill in the House, on behalf of the Government. These additions w. re as follows : To Section Nineteen, providmg for the regulation of Separate Schools : Instead of the Section beginning with the words : ' it sh.U be lawful for the "Municipality of any Township, if it shall judge expedient," etcetera, which. Mr. HincJ s proposed to omit and to insert the following : ing for ihe election ui ii-uaLcea vi v^-- -^'- — t - ' Fourth Section of this Act. , .i. i .• „ „* Trustees of such School ; Chap. I. EDUCATIONAL PROCEKDINOS OF THE LEOLSLATirHE OF CANADA. u Promled, also, That each Separate Protestant, Roman C«th4>lio, or Coloured, Sc haX\ be entitled to Bliaro the Sch )ol Fund acoorJing to the averai^o attmd^nco of pupiln, >m- pared with the whole number of pupils attending the Common Schools of such Town, \ tiiag*, or Township. ^ Provided also, that n<> Protestmt Separate School shall be allowed except when the Teacher of the Common School is w Roman Catholic, and no Separate Roman Catholic School shall be allowed except when the Teacher of the Common School is a Protestant, etcetera. Mr. William H. Boulton was rather surprised at this amendment as he understood the Ministry intended to Htand or fall by the Nineteenth Section . . . The Honourable John Hillyard Cameron said that the amendment now proposed appeared ii^ the result of pressure from without. He could not believe that it was a Hpoiitaneous produc- tion of the Inspector Qoneral. Thk Rbvbbhnd Doctor Ryerson's Explanation of tub cause why this Amendment was Proposbu by the Inspector General. In a Letter to the Honourable George Brown, published in 1 859, the Reverend Doctor Ryerson thus explained why this amendment was made by Mr. Hincks to the original Nineteenth Section of the Common School Act of 1850. He said : \i *' In the original Draft of the Nineteenth Section of the School Act of 1850, I proposed to place the authority for establishing Separate Schools upon the same footing as that on which it had bean placed in Cities and Towns by the Act of 1847 -namely, to leave it in the hands of the Township Council, as it had been left in the hands of the City, or Town, Board of Trustees. 1 had heard of no instance of refusal on the part of a Town, or City, Board of Trustees to giant an application for a Separate School ; neither did I apprehend a ref'jsal to any reasonable request on the part of a Township Council, while it would render that provision of the Act lees objectionable to those who did not approve of it. But the Authorities of the Roman Catholic Church, having had their suspici'jns and fea-^s excited by the unexpected and unnoticed omission of the Separate School Sectiona from the Act of 1»49, had representativos, both clerical and lay, in attendance, to watch the nature and progress of the School B 11 of 1850, and they protested against the provisions of the I9th Section as originally introduced. Several leaders of the high Episcopalian party were also in attendance to get a clause providing for Church of England Separate Schools introduced into the Bill. An amendment to tl e i9th Section was concerted* and agreed upon by the clerical Roman Catholic and liigh Episcopalian parties, by which any twelve members of either Churoh could demand a Separate School in any School 8t ction of Upper Canada ; so that a Protestant and Roman Catholic Bishop, or other Clergymnn. and eleven others of either Church in Toronto could not only demand and establish a Separate School in Toronto, but in every City, Town, Village, and School Section in Upper Canada— not requiring the choice, or action, of the laity in any School Section out of Toronto for the establishment of a Separate School. The leaders on both sides of this new combinvtion were very active, and, in the course of a few days, boasted that they would have a majority of fourteen, or twenty, votes against the Government, on the 19th Section of the Bill. A copy of the amendment of the com- binitionists was procured for me, and I was informed of the probable defeat of the Government on the ques'ion. I saw, at once, that the proposed amendment, if carried, would destroy the School System, and in order to break up the combination and save the School System, I pro- posed to amend the 19th Section of the Bill so as to secure the risrht of establishing Separate Schools to the applicants, as provided in the School Acts of 1843 and 1846. only substituting twelve heads of families for ten freeholders, or householders. This was acceptable to the autho- rities of the Roman Catholic Church, who said they did not wish to oppose the Government of Messieurs Lafontaine and Baldwin, unless compelled to do so ; and they then advised all the Roman Catholic Members of the House to vote for the Government Section of the Bill, as amended. When the question came up in Committee of the whole House, the leader of the high church combination, who was not aware of the counter movement, rose to move the famous amendment which was to defeat, if not oust the Govern " ent ; but he was surprised to find that not one of the Rom.a.n G.-.tho!i« memhr^rs rose to vote for it ; end only six, or oi^ht, Episcopalians stood up—' few and far between '—in its behalf, to the great amusement of the other Members of the House. " On Mr. Hincks moving to insert the Section, as amended, it was carried without a divi- sion and it constitutes the Nineteenth Section of the School Act of 1850, as it no stands." S 26 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF FDUCATION IN ITPPKR CANADA. 1860 II ill hu Objbctionh to thb Provision fok Separate Schooui for Coloured Chili.rbw. In the debate on the Nineteenth Section of the School Act of 1850, Colonel John Prince, Member for the County of Essex said that " He did not think that the Coloured People would thank the Government for putting them in the power of the Municipalities. "Thev complained of it as an injustice, and infringei.ient on their rights, and he was bound to advocate their cause. Now, he happened to live in the Countv of Essex where these people are very numerous, and where the strongest prejudices prevail against theni-prejudiceH in which, he thanked (iod, he never shared. For as long as they were good, loyal, honest, indus- trious neighbours, and conducted themselves in conformity with the laws, they were entitled to as much regard as any other people." In reply to the Member for Essex. Mr. Hinoks said :— '•For the information the hon. Member who expressed great sympathy with the Coloured population, and who spoke of this Nineteenth Section as an injuHtice lo them he would read a short extract from the Report of the Chief Superintendent ot Edu. ation on the subject, and he (Colonel Prince), would thne be able to judge of the operation and leasonRbie- ness of the present System : — " The Nineteenth Section of the School Act,— authorizing each District Council to establish one or more Schools for the children of Coloured People.-is submitted with extreme pain and rearet. I had hoped that the Act of 1847. authorizing different kind of Schools in Cities and Incorporated Towns would, to a great extent, meet the case ot this class of our fellow-subjects ; but I was surpriBed to find, during my tour last Autumn to the Western District, (where there is a large number of Coloured People,) that there was not a single Incorporated Town in that District ! These people are taxed for the support of Common Schools, as are others ; yet thtir child- dren are excluded from the Schools there. I have exerted all the power that I possessed, and employed all the persuasion I could command ; but the prejudice and feelings of the people are stronger than law. In the Western District there happened to be nearly Two Hundred Pounds (.^200. ) balance of School Moneys of previous years, in the hands of the District Superintendent ; and under the authority of the Thirteenth Section, ( lause Nine of the School Act. I requested the District Superintendent to aid the Schools of the Coloured People according to the number of their popu- lation,— so as to place them upon eciual footing with their White neighlwurs. I have done the same in other Districts, when appealed to. But this is only a contingent and imperfect mode of doing justice to the Coloured People. I therefore propose the Nineteenth Section of the annexed Draft of Bill to meet their case." EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, 1850.* The Legislature met on the 14th of May, 1850. A Speech from the Throne was delivered by Lord Elgin, Governor General, as mentioned on page one of this Volume. May 15th, 1850. The Honourable J. ^milius Irving presented a Petition from the Muni- cipal Council of the County of York, praying for certain amendments in the School Act. Afaw 16th, 1850. The Honourable Samuel Mills presented a Petition from the Municipal Council of the United Counties of Wentworth and Halton. praying thit the oflice of Chief Superintendent of Education may be merged into one of the Government Departments.! May 27th, 1850. The Honourable James Morris presented a Petition from the Right Rev- erend Joseph E. Guigues, Roman Catholic Bishop of Bytown, praying that the College of Bvtown may be placed on the same footing in the institutions of a like nature m Upper Canada ; also a Petition from the Very Reverend Angus Macdonald, President of Regiopolis College, Kingston, praying that a sum of money may be annually granted towards the support of the said College, and also that a further sum may be idvanced to complete the grounds and out- buildings belonging thereto _____^ •A number Of Petitions were presented to the Legislative Council, during the Session of 1850 praying ">»» the pro^ ceeds of the Sale of the Clcrgv Reserved Lands be devoted to the purposes of General Lducation. As these Petitions were idlnti^al with those presented to the .House of Assembly, and recordeil in its Proceedings, in the former part of this Chapter, it was not considered necessary to record them here. t A copy of this Petition is printed on page one of this Chapter. Chap. I. EPUCATIONAL PR0CEEDIN08 OF THE r.EOISLATURK OF CANADA. 27 1 h«H..noumbloJHmoii Leslie Pmvu.cuIS^creUrv. ac.|u*inted the House that he had a MossHgo from Hm LxoeHoncy the Gine. The (Jovernor-Generaj informs the Honourable the Legislative Council that the Bill pasi.ed l,y the Legislative Council and the House of Assembly in the month of March 1849 and ,o««rved for the siKnificHtion of Her Majcstv's pleHsure, Intituled : " An Act to raise an Income u'!^"t i?^""'^';.'' Thousand Pounds. ( tlO i.OoO.) out of the Public Lands of Canada for Common ?u TI , M "1! ^a^n »P«'--'«lly c«'i'«rni«d and Hnally enacted by Her Majesty-in-Counoil on the 4tn of March, 1850. ' r.ovRKNMENT HouKR, Toronto. 27th May. 1850, May 28th, 1850. The Honourable Hamnett Pinhey presented a Petition from Mr.'Charles Sparrow and others, praying for pecuniary aid towards the support of the Roman Catholic Col- lege of Bytown, e([ual to that yranted to the like College in Kingston. JuntHnl, 1850 The Honourable Adam Fergusson presented a Petition from SkefBngton Connor. Lsquire, and others, Member* of the Elgin Association for the Social and Moral Im- provement of the Coloured population of Canada, praying for an Act of Incorporation for the .said Association. "^ The Honourable Samuel Mills presented a Petition from the Municipal Council of the Township of Brantford, and others, praying that the Office of Chief Superintendent of Educa- tion may be merged into one of the Departments of the Government. fSee page one of this Chapter.) f e ^ n'^'^® Honourable Joseph Bourret presented to the House a Statement of the Affairs of the College of Bytown, as follows : — ^f„.1'"'l«\u^'T«'■P'"■''K'"^/«^ H"'lP«!''^ Bvtown, 12 Victoria, Chapter 107, passe.l on tho 30th March 1849,* defines, by i s Sixth Section, That it shall he the duty of the Corporation to lay before each Branch of the Legmlatuie, annually, a Statement of the number of Members of the said Corno- rat.on ; the number of leachers ; the various Branches of Instruction ; the number of Scholars ; the Property held by the Corporation, and the Revenues arising therefrom. At the Convocation, held on the a>th of April 1850, I was entrusted by the Corporation with the duty of taking the necessary steps towards meeting the views of the Legi'slature. I therefore dio- oeed to state the result of my enquiries : — o , i Bishf '^^f thl^^io^eler- °" '^ composed, at the present moment, of five Members [including the SecoHdli/ Five Professors give instruction in the divers Branches mentioned in the Prospectus, pul,h.shed on the 5th of September, 1848 : The Reverend Mr. Mignault te.. hes Latin and kathe! njatics. Mr. Carbet, the (^reek Language and Knglish Literature. Mr. Arthur Migiiault, Methode. Mr. Collins, Mathematics, Drawing, and English. Mr. Triol, Elements. Thirdly. This College has been in operation since the 20th September, 1848. About one hundred scholars, thirty-hve of whom are boarders, receive instruction in this Establishment, without refer- ence to origin, or creed : about thirty scholars receive a gratuitous Education. The College occupy, at the present moment a large Wooden House, three stories in height, con- structed on the Church Prooerty. A large piece of land, mtuate in a very fii.i; position between both Towns, has been given by Mr. Bissonet, for the use of the College. When the resources of the Cor- poration shall permit, thev will lose no time in fulfilling the intentions of the Donor, by buildina a Oollege thereon, suthciently large for the wants of the population. The Corporation hold also. Four Hundred Acres of Land in the Township of Gloucester, at a distance of three leagues from Bytown-Lots Numbers 1 and 2 of the First Concession, on the River Uttawa. rhis land is not yet cleared. At present very little revenue is derived from it. The only treTther Scholars "* ^^^ payments of the Boarders, and the monthly payments of It is only by the sacrifices made by the Bishop, and the devotsdness of the Professors that this Institution has been supported up to this day. Bytown, Juno, 1850. D. D'Aumaud, Cure of Bytown. June Ifih, 1850 The Honourable John Hamilton presented two Petitions from the Uni- versity ot tjuoen 8 College, at Kingston, praying that an adequate grant mav be made for tbo emcienr, jLstabhshiuenfc and Maintenance of the said University : n 11 ^"n office .Provided ^y^-^'^J^^^i Trustee shall be re-ekcted, individual may mav be re-e ected : And provided also, 1 hat no »cnooi i.ru» «" j ^ be reelected, ™i.^,^ u„ hia own consent, during the four yeats next after hia going out 01 omcc. but not without except by his own consent J ' ^ ^^^] Section shall be formed m his consent for Ty. And be it enacted, ihat Whenever any i cuuuioov," ^l. pi«_u of the four years. „ ml" „.!.;« as nrovided in the Eighteenth Section of this Act. the Llerk ot tne d.«r,bi„g -"^\^lt:Z:SnfS^n:S::^£^lZm,tl«»t three public meeting. School Section Meeting, the Mode of pro- ceeding at tht- flrst meeting in n new School section. Election cf chairman and Secretary, Duty of the Secretary. Duty of the Chairman. A poll 10 be jf ranted at the reou( St of any two electors. Three Trustees respeotively continue in omce as ioiiuwb .— .x.. .»». C'lr/oVspetion and until his to be elected. ^" .^ until the next ensuing annual school meeting in such ^^^^'J'";,*"^ """'"„ s^f^cf ""« :^::n^eLted ; the '^r\':zin^7^ti''i^o:r^^^^^^^ ^fTreed^^S' «l-^«<^' Tj:illl^'"v::^oS:iiyTT^^-S^^^ -rrect copy of the tobetranMnit- successors are elected ^«"l^®3® ^ Hon Meetina and of every annual school section "■"-■'""" STSretSy to the local Superintendent of Schools. . „ .. . p,^,„... V .. ^/. ^e . --j;:5^je3rL=t,'rL'»SecrK:s ffitS-' SA K^iroftSotS^q /«.«'", : hon«holde», o. .«ch action, present at such a meeting, or a majority of them,— .%,« j„»;p„ :df^T;Svide^d%rt;\:f.t:&^^^^^^^^ ■^ ^:t;„. TO r ^sL-cTprtir^SoSirn;,; • Ki^' r.rVh« n7S« intuch s"i^o„ *.Sl hold tk. offlc, of School Tr„.tee. School.. ehJl ^ P""'^"* '7™., it .n, perBon olTering to vole at an annual, or .. n'-. ^'i^f^inrS?; ^...'L'ZC'drUl.lifiedby an, legal vote, meetings. Election and duties of Chair- man and Secretary . To receive and decide upon the annual llnanciol report of the Trustees. To elect one or more Trustees. To decide upon the manner of providing for the expenses of the School. Mode of chal- leneing voters at school meet- ings. Declaration required. 1850 Chap. II. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 83 1 of School e Villages, y] Wednea- lock in the ies, Towns, ;o law, and three Trus- 1 be elected shall have I, if willing, ) re-elocted, »ut of office, le formed in ilerk of the chool meet- col S'ection ; in writing, hool Section three public lolding such letting, the tion present, E such Meet- 1 all the pro- 11 decide all e the casting ote except as jsired by the lectors, grant shall be the elect from eePjwho shall 11 continue in ind until his 1 first person id until their ct copy of the school section ransmitted by eeting in any an of this Act, such section, rm the duties Act. es, as author- on of this Act. s, to fill up the law: Provided »1 Trustee. 16 Teacher, or the School, or b an annual, or axi) legal voter uire the perb-n )d sfiirm that I , and that I am ig such declara- meeting ; but if ejected : Provided always, that every person who shall wilfully make a false declaration of his right to vote, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and punishable by tine, or imprisonment, at the discretion of [the] any Court of Quarter tieaaions, or by a penalty of not less than One pound five shillings, or more than Two pounds, ten shillings, to be sued for and recovered, vnth coata, by the Trustees of the School Section, for its use, before any Justice of the Peace, having jurisdiction within such School Section. VIII. And be it enacted, That if any person chosen as Trustee, shall refuse to serve, he shall forfeit the sum of One pound, five shillings ; and every person so chosen and not having refused to accept, who shall at any time refuse, or neglect, to perform the duties of his office, shall forfeit the sum of Five pounds j which sum, or sums, may be sued for and recovered by the Trustees of the School Section, for its use, before any such Justice of the Peace : Provided always, that any person chosen as Trustee may resisn with the consent of his colleagues in office and of the Local Superintendent, ei pressed in writing. IX. And be it enacted. That in cdse no annual, or other, School Section meeting be held for want of proper notice, the Trustees and other person whode duty it was to give such notice, shall respectively and individually forfeit the sum of One pound five shillings, to be sued for and recovered for the purposes of such School Section, on the complaint of any resident in such Section, before any such Justice of the Peace : Provided always, that in the default of the holding of any School Section Meeting, as hereinbefore authorized by this Act, for want of proper notice, then any two [resident] freeholdera, or householders, in such Section, are hereby author- ized, within twenty days after the time at which such meeting should have been held, to call such meeting by giving six days' notice, to be posted in at least three public places m such School Section ; and the meeting thus called shall possess all the power, and perform all the duties of the meeting, in the place of which it shall have been called. X. And be it enacted. That the Trustees in each School Section shall be a Corporation, under the name of " The Trustees of School Section Number — , in the Township of , m the County of ; " Provided always, that no such Corporation of any School Section shall cease by reason of tho want of Trustees, but in case of such want, any two [resident] freeholders, or householders, of such Section shall have authority, by giving six days' notice, to be posted in at least three public places in such Section, to call a meeting of the [resident] freeholders, or householders, who shall proceed to elect three Trustees, in the manner pre- scribed in the Fifth Section of this Act, and the Trustee? thus elected shall hold and retire from office in the manner prescribed for Trustees elected under the authority of the said Fifth Section of this Act. XI. And be it enacted. That in any case of difference as to the Site of a School- house between the majority of Trustees of a School Section and a majority of the [resident] freeholders, or householders, at a special Meeting called for that purpose, each party shall choose one person as arbitrator, and the two arbitrators thus chosen, and the Local Superintendent, or any person appointed by him to act on his behalf, in case of his inability to attend, or a majority of them, shall finally decide on the matter. XII. And be it etiacted. That it shall be the duty of the Trustees of each School Section : Firstly. To appoint one by themselves, or some other person, to be Secretary- treasurer to the Corporation ; and it shall be the duty of such Secretary-treasurer to give such security for the correct and safe keeping and forthcoming, (when called ! for), of the papers and moneys belonging to the Corporation, as may be required by I a majority of the Trustees ; to keep a record of all their proceedings, in a book procured for that purpose ; to receive and account for all school moneys collected I by Rate-Bill, [tir] subscription, or otherwise, from the inhabitants of such School I Section ; to disburse such moneys in such manner as may be directed by the I majority of the Trustees. Secondly. To appoint, if they shall think it expedient, a Collector, (who may I also be Secretary-treasurer), to collect the rates they have imposed, or shall [may have subscribed ; and to pay to such Collector, at the rate of not less than jfive, or more than ten, per cent., on the moneys collected by him for his trouble in jcollecting ; and every Collector shall give such security as ni^ be satisfactory to jthe Trustees, and shall have the same powers, by virtuu of a Warrant, signed by a jmajority of the Trustees, in collecting the school-rate, or subscription, and shall 3 D.E. Proviso : Penalty for niakinii; a false declaration and for voting illegally. Mode of recover- ing such penalty and its applica- tion. Penalty for re- f uslnit to serve as .Sciiool Trustee. Proviso : mode and conditions of resigning the office of Trustee. Penalty for not giving due notice of annnal school meeting. Mode of recover- ing and applying such penalty. Mode of calling a school meeting in default of the annual meeting not being called. Duties and powers of such meeting. Trustees to be a Corporation. Proviso : Such Corporation not to cease for want of Trustees. Mode of electing new Trustees, if necessary. Mode of deciding on the site of a school-house. Duties of Trustees. To appoint a Secretary- treasurer : his duties. To appoint a collector : his duties. 11 is remunera- tion. Collector to give security. Collector's powers. .' ' ;■ *■ '>:1 B^ 34 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 ■ ^hap. II. "■'111' Trustees to have the posscssioii and safe keeping of all the Com- mon School pro- perty in their section. Providing school premises. School apparatus oks. and booh To employ Teachers. To establish a female school. To give orders to Teachers for school moneys, but to none but qualified Teachers. To provide for the salaries of Teachers and the expenses of the School, in the manner desired by a majority of school electors, at a special meeting. How to provide for deficiencies. To make out a rate bill list and warrant for the Collector. Proviso : such rate-bill to be payable month- ly, quarterly, half-yearly, or yearly. To apply to the Township Coun cil at their discretion for the raising of school moneys. Dutv of Town- ship Clerk, or other officer in certain cases. To exempt indi- gent persons. Teacher's salary not to be lessened thereby To sue defaulters residing out of the school sec- tion. To notify and fix the place of the annual school meeting. To call special meetings. Mode of conduct- ing special meet- ings. Copy of the pro- cewiings to be proceed in the same manner as ordinary Collectors of County and Township rates, or assessments. , , i r n Thirdly To take possession and have the custody and safe keeping of a)l Common School property, which may have been acquired, or given, for Common ScToTpurposes in sSch Section, and to acquire and hold as a Corporation by any title whatsoever, any land, moveable property, moneys, or income, for Common School purposes until the power hereby given shall be taken away or modified, according tS law; and to apply the same according to the terms of acquiring, or receiving them. j i. xv. Fourthly. To do whatever they may judge expedient with regard to the buildina, repairing, renting, warming, furnishing and keeping m order the bection SchodHouL, anlitsappendageB, wood-house, privies, enclosures, lands, and move- able property which shall be held by them, and for procuring Apparatus and Text- book? for their School ; also to rent, repair, furnish, warm, and keep in order a School House and its appendages, if there be no suitable School House belonging to such section, or if a second school-house be required. Fifthlv. To contract with and employ all Teachors for such School Section, and to determine the amount of their salaries ; and to establish, if they shall deem ?t expedient, by and with the consent of the local Superintendent of Schools both a female and male School in such Section, each of which shall be subject to the same regulations and obligations as Common Schools generally. Sixthly To give the Teacher, or Teachers, employed by them, the necessary order, or orders, upon the Local Superintendent for the School Fund apportioned and payable to their School Section : Provided always, that the Trustees of any School Section shall not give such order in behalf of any Teacher who does not, at the time of giving such order, hold a legal Certificate of Qualification. Seventhly. To provide for the salaries of Teachers and all other expenses of the School, in suoh manner- as may be desired by a majority of the freeholders oi householder ? of such Section, at the annual School Meeting, or a. »Pecf Meeting called for that purpose, and to employ all lawful means, as provided for by this Act to collect t^he tumor sums required for such salaries and other expenses ; and should the sums thus provided be insufficient to defray all the e^Pens«« '^J «"^ School, the Trustees shall have authority to assess and cause to be collected any additional rate, in order to pay the balance of the Teacher's salary, and other expenses of such School. , , . e x- Eiathly To make out a list of the names of all persona rated by them for tne School purposes of such Section, and the amount payable by «?ch, and to annex to such list a Warrant, directed to the Collector of the School Section, for the collection of the several sum^ mentioned in such list : Provided always, that any school-rate imposed by Trustees, according to this Act, may be made payable monthly, quar- terly, half-yearly, or yearly, as they may think expedient. Ninthly. To apply to the municipality of the Township, or employ their own lawful authority, as they may judge expedient, for the ^»»"»K «»^,^°"«"*KX sums authorized in the manner hereinbefore provided to bo collected from the ■ [land] freeholders and householders of such Section, by "^^^e, according td the Valuation of taxable property, as expressed m the Asbessor, or Collector s, ^^ > «»J the Totvnship Clerk, or other Officer havmq possession of suc/i roH, [who], is hereby required to allow any one of the Trustees, or their authorized Collector, to make a copy of such roll, as far as it shall relate to their School Section. Tenthly. To exempt wholly or in part, from payment of school rates, such indigene persons as they shall think proper, and the amount of the same shall be a chaiie upon the other rate^,ble inhabitants of the School Section, and shall not be deducted from the salary of a Teacher. Eleventhly. To sue for and recover by their name of office, the amounts of the school rates, or subscriptions, due from persons residing without the limits of their School Section, and making default of payment. Twelfthly. To appoint the place of each annual School Meeting, and to cause notices to be posted in at least three public places of such Section at least six days before the tim\of holding such Meeting : to ^caU and R-e^l-ke no|c« ^J.^^filj ' meeting of the [residoai] freeholders, or nousoi!uiuur=, m =uc.. section, .o, 1— •- up of Iny vacancy in the Trustee Corporation, occasioned by death removal or any other cause whatever, or for the selection of a new school Site, or for any other school purpose, as they may think proper ; to specify the object, or objects, of such Meeting ; which Meeting shall be organized, and its proceedings recorded n the same manner, as those of an annual School Meeting ; and a copy of them, in I like m inner, that, in case t which they si fill such vaca: Thnteeni and twenty o agreeable to t paid on their shall not ext( have been esi Fonrteeti ducted accon Fifteent) the pupils a recomniende Si'hool Sectio SixteentI or agreemeni corporate po in them by t and, in case > he, or they, s) meat. Seventee judge expedi safe keeping have been m Fjighteer sixteen yean December in of their Sect report shall account of tl in behalf ol such account •holders, prei holders, sha two arbitrab I respecting it I able tu agn I arbitrators r I shall have t I may be awai under th? si j the Twelfth I collected shi inon School Ninetee I mitted annu tendent ; wl according t( { specify : 1st.— T [(qualified Te Iber. 2ndly. I rates, or coi I manner in n 3rdly. I age of five J persons tauj those who ( pupils in bo 1850 Ciiap. II. EDUCATIONAL ACTS. PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 35 vnship rateH, eeping of a)l for Common ition, by any for Common or modified, acquiring, or egard to the ir the Section is, and move- tuB and Text- ep in order a ) belonging to jhool Section, ey shall deem Schools, both ubject to the the necessary d apportioned ustees of any o does not, at er expenses of freeholders, or )ecial Meeting ed for by this ixpenses ; and penses of such J collected any ry, and other y them for tlie nd to annex to r the collection my school-rate monthly, quar- ploy their own collecting of all joted from the jording to the ;or'8. Roll ; aid vho], is hereby 3tor, to make a lool rates, such same shall be a nd shall not be amounts of the e limits of their ig, and to cause it least six days je of any special n, for the fiUiiis leath, removal, lite, or for any it, or objects, of ngs recorded in ipy of them, in Bent to the local Superintendent of sohoola. Continuance in oHice o( persons elected to All vacancies. To admit persons from 5 to 21 years of age to attend the school, on cer- tain conditions. Exception in certain cases. To visit the school. like mtnner, shall be transmitted to the Local Superintendent : Provided always, lliat, in case of a vacancy in the office of any of the Trustees, during the period for which they shall have been respectively elected, the person, or pei-sons, chosen to fill such vacancy, shall hold office only for the unexpired term. Tknteenthly. To permit all residents in such Section between the ages of five and twenty one years of age, to attend the School, so long as their conduct shall be agreeable to the rules of such School, and so long as the fees, or rates, required to be paid on their behalf, are duly discharged : Provided always, that this requirement shall not extend to the children of persons in whose behalf a Separate School shall have been established, according to the Nineteenth Section of this Act. Fourteenthly. To visit the School from time to time, and see that it is con- ducted according to the Regulations authorized by law. Fifteenthly To see that no authorized books are used in the School, but that To prohibit im- the pupils are duly supplied with a uniform series of Text books, sanctioned and ^[d^lfop", ^"'' recommended according to law ; and to proy,iire. annually, for the benefit of their hooka tor the School Section, some periodical devoted to Education. school. Sixteenthly. To be personally responsible for the fulfilment of any contract, '^° ^ personally or agreement, made by them, unless they can prove thsit they have exerted all the the'case of re"fus. corporate powers vested in them by this Act] exercise all the corporate poioers vested innomeu'lecting in them by this Act. for the fulfillment of any contract, or agreement, made by them ; f^rate'powere^ and, in ca,se any of the Trustees shall wilfully neglect, or refuse, to exercise such powers, for the fulfilment he, or they, shall be personally responsible for the fulfillment of such contract, or agree- °' >'ontracts. ment. Seventeenthly. To appoint a Librarian, and to take such steps as they may To appoint a judge expedient, and as may be authorized according to law, for the establishment, pJoWde for'the safe keeping, and proper management of a School Library, whenever provision shall establishment have been made and carried into effect for the establishment of School Libraries. *"'' support of a school library. Eighteenthly. To ascertain the number of children between the ages of five and To ascertain the sixteen years residing in their Section [during the Month of] on the thirty-Hrst day of ".""^''^/•Sj ''**'■, December in each year ; and to cause to be prepared and read at the annual Meeting school age'*" ° of their Section, their annual School Report for the year then terminating, which ^o read the report shall include, among other things prescribed by law, a full and detailed school report at account of the receipts and expenditures of all school moneys received and expended '*'" "'j'J^^'f in behalf of such Section, for any purpose whatsoever, during such year ; and if such account shall not be satisfactory to a majority of the freeholders, or house- , •holders, present at such Meeting, then a majority of the Ba,id freeholders, or house- cose the 'financial holders, shall appoint one person, and the Trustees shall appoint another ; and the account is not I two arbitrators thus appointed shall examine the said account, and their decision ^e malor^v of I respecting it shall ba final : or if the two arbitrators thus appointed shall not be the meeting, able to agree, they shall select a third, and the decision of the majority of the I arbitrators so chosen shall be final ; and such arbitrators, or a majority of them, I shall have authority to collect, or cause to be collected, whatever sum, or sums, may be awarded against any person or persons by them, in the same manner and under th? same regulations as those according to which Trustees are authorized by the Twelfth Section of this Act to collect school rates ; and the sum, or sums, thus I collected shall be expended in the same manner as are other moneys for the Com- mon School purposes of such Section. Nineteenthly. To prepare and transmit, or cause to be prepared and .trans mitted annually, before the fiftef^nth day of January, a report to the Local Superin tendent ; which report shall be signed by the majority of the Trustees, and made ary. the annual according to a form provided by the Chief Superintendent of Education and shall the°ocaf Super" specify : intendent of Schools. Ist. — The whole time the School in their Section shall have been kept by a ((ualified Teacher during the year ending the thirty first day of the previous Decem- ber. , Contents of such 2ndly. The amount of moneys received from the school fund, from local Time of keeping rates, or contributions, and from other sources, distinguishing the same ; and the the school open. manner in which all such moneys have been expended. |3rdly. The whole number of children residing in the School Section, over the ^^neyl^weiv- age of five years, and under the age of sixteen ; the number of children and young ed, and from persons taught in the School in winter and summer, distinguishing the sexes, and what sources, those who are over and under sixteen years of age ; the average attendance of ''" °^ ^''' pupils in both winter and summer. To prejiare and transmit, before the '?th Janu- pended. , n ■I ? P * I 86 DOCUMENTAUY HISTORY OF EDUCATION II. UPPER CANADA. 1850 ■ Cliap. 11 number of resi- dent children of school age. Attendance of pupils in winter and summer. Average attend- ance both winter and summer. Branches taught, text- books used, public examina- tions, visits, lectures. Penalty of sign- ing a false report by a Ti ustee ; or of keeping a false register and making false re- turns by a Teacher. Foreign books to be used only in certain cases. Parental and religious rights protected. ithlv -The branches of education taught in the School ; the number of pupils u / i fhf T."v7 hncla used the number of public school exaramations. ILrres a" vl t and by w o^^^ other inform'ation respecting the schoo preSs? and Sary, as'may be required in the form of a report provided by the Chief Superintendent of Education. c, u i „i,„ .i,„ii XI.?. A„. <. U„.^^ Tl,« ev,^ Tr™«, o . C.n«,„ |oh«,l who .h.,1 C^mln Sc&Cl or the said oifender shall be liable to be tried and punished A qualified teacher defined. Proviso : Dut'es of Teachers. To act according to law and agree- ment. To keep regis- ters. To maintain discipline. To keep a Visitor's Book. To have quarter ly examinations, To give informa- tion to the Local or Chief Superin- tendent. To deliver papers. Proviso. Proteotion o' teachers in case of dismissal. 11. Common School Teachers, anf their Duties. And be it enacted. That no Teacher shall b« deem. A a qualified Teacher ^**^Xvi. And be it enacted. That it shall be the duty of every Teacher of a ^°"F^"%"^''To'^ach diligently and faithfully all the ^^"^iL^.JTJTfustee^s' taught in the School, according to the terms of his engagement with the Trustees, *^"' roS' *T?JerSil1, W'etf^^ and Monthly, or Quarterly Itegisters of the sthool to mainS proper order and'discipline therein, according to the Forms FonrMv To furnish to the Local School Superintendent, or to the Chie SupeSnLt of Education, when desired, -f ^^J^™-^!--^-^^ poSer to give respecting anything connected with the operations of his School, or m anywise affecting its interests, or character. i .^ j„i:„«, Vifthh, To keen carefully, and, at the time of his leavmg a School, to dehver give Trustees, or Visitors, access to such Registers and Visitors Book. XVII. AnA he ^t .u^ted. That [no] a-V Teacher shaUbe^^^^^^^ Schooll entiUed tobe paid at the Mine rate menitvne^ xrt ^'\\''^'f''^"{,l-^";'".-r^r-. S even at the expiration of the period of his agreement [but shall have a right. £ think proper, to continue to teach according to the terms o^^is agreement], untU S^e TrusKsLll have paid himthe whole of hiB»alary, as Teacher of rtie^c^^^^^^ according to their engagement with him : P'.o^'^^'* J^^^f.' '^*tl mSJers eS differenci between Trustees and a Teacher, in regard to [financwl matters, eacn party shall c and the Loci ill case of hii the 3nm due submit sHcht and, in case apfoint (in .. nrlntratio'n, relvsinq to n inclmive ofi on his behoA notice ; and. three days m reqidrinfi .•;k and the two person chaser shall have fv Jinil : Pro shall he law between then XVIIL Township ii Firstly. School Secti furnishing t School, Boc Trustees of holders, or I as provided Providi to the Trui any sum, c mentioned, the purchas the taxable necessary f( oflf the prin Second expedient f Model Schc lations as s Provid Trustees of Trustees in the Trustee discretion, Schools, in teachers in Thirdl established to call the I the manne Fourtl I or more, S freeholders, j called by t Provii jSisting of manner as I School Sec (2,) S not go int< 1850 ■ Chap. II. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA 37 ■ '1 #4 ber of pupils xaroinationsj ng the school vided by the )ol who shall ool who shall [ obtaining n inch Common of the Town- Jufitice of the r one credible f shall, if not i and chattels n to the 'aid and punished 1 branches of 9 express per- in any such jr join in any er, parents, or ,11 be allowed I shall desire, ording to law. ilified Teacher iging with the Certificate of iperintendents, t hundred and Teacher of a required to be I the Trustees, y, Registers of g to the Forms aep a Visitors' rpose,) and he such Book to been suggested lination of his sir parents and 1 also give due School Section, r to the Chief t may be in his lis School, or in hool, to deliver ippertiining to ssired by them, jk. imissed from a ! '•vitk the Trv-'f- have a right, if ;reement], until r of the School, in case of any I matters, each nartv shall choose an arbitrator, and the decision of the two arbitrators, thus chosen P 1 Ly, ^^Mnn three djs Znsil of the day of the service of such notice, to name an. appoint an Arbitrator 7nZ behalf, which notice shaU name the Arbitrator of the party »erv^ng such Infice • and in case the party upo.i whom such notice is served shall not, lotthin the three days mentioned in such notice, name and appoint such Arbitrator; then the party rennirinq oMh arbitration shall and may nominate and appoint the second (^rbitratcn and the two Arbitrators, in either way chosen, and the Local Supenntemknt, or any person chosen by him to act on his behalf, in case he cannot attend, or any two of them, ^hall have full authority to make an award between them, and such award shall oe tV ProM that, so often as any such snbmusion shall falUlvrough, it m^^^^^^^^ shaU be law nl to resubmit the matters in dispute untU a final award shall he made re..u.reci. between them. III. Powers and Duties of the Township Councils. XVIII. And be it enacted. That it shall be the duty of the Municipality of each Township in Upper Canada : Firstly. To levy such sum, by assessment, upon the taxable property in any School Section, for the purchase of a School-Site, the erection repairs, renting aud furnishing of a School House, the purchase of Apparatus and Text-Books for the School, Books for the Library, salary of the Teacher, as shall be desired by the Trustees of such School Section, on behalf of the majority of the [resident] /ree- holders. or householders, at a public Meeting called for such purpose, or purposes, as provided for by the Twelfth Section of this Act : Provided always, that such Municipality may, if it shall jud^e expedient, grant to the Trustees of any School Section, on their application, authority to borrow anv sum, or sums, of moneys which may be recesswy for the purposes herein mentioned, in respect to School Sites, School Houses, and their appendages or for the purchase, or erection, of a Teacher's Residence, and cause to be levied upon the taxable property in such School Section, such sum in each year as shall be necessary for the payment of the interest thereon, and as shall be suthcient to pay off the principal within ten years. Secondly. To levy, at its discretion, sueh sum, or sums, as it shall judge expedient for procuring the Site and for the erection and support of a Township ( Model School, and for purchasing Books for a Township Library, under such Regu- i lations as shall be provided according to law : Provided always, that the Members of the Township Municipality shall be the Trustees of such Model School, and shall possess the powers of Common School Trustees in respect to all matters affecting such Model School ; Provided also, that the Trustees of any one, or more, Common Schools shall have authority, at their discretion, and with the consent of such Council, to merge their School, or Schools, into such Model School ; and provided likewise, that tuition to student- teachers in such Model School shall be free. Thirdly. To form portions of the Township, where no Schools have been established, into School Sections ; to appoint a person in each new School Section to call the first School Section Meeting ; and to cause such person to be notified in the manner prescribed in the Fourth Section of this Act. Fourthly. To alter any School Section already established, and to unite two, or more. School Sections into one, at the request of the majority of the [resident] freeholders, or householders, in each of such Sections, expressed at a public Meeting called by the Trustees for that purpose : Provided always, (1,) That the first election of Trustees in such Section, con- sisting of two, or more. Sections united, shall be appointed and held m the same manner as is provided for in the Fourth Section of this Act in respect to a new School Section : Provided — (2,) Secondly, that any alteration in the boundaries of a School Section shall not go into effect before the [first of January next] twenty fifth day of December Duties of Town- ship Councils. To levy assess- ments for com- mon school i>ur- Eoses, as desired y trustees. To authorize a loan, at its dis- cretion, for the purchase and erection of school buildings. To establish a Township Model School, at its discretion. Members of the Township Coun- cils to be Trus- tees of such Model School. One or more Common Schools may be merged into the Model School. To form new school sections. To alter and unite school sections under certain condi- tions. First meeting for the election of TnJst*p= in •in united section. Alterations in school sections not to go into . s .' ■. 1 ''• * -... » 38 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 effect »«lorc the next after the time when it shall have been made ; nor ihall any step be taken "?J" ^x^^l^: towards the alteration of the boundaries of any School Section, nor any application '5!l\".nr;:cr £ euterUined for that purpose, unless it shall olearlv appear that all part.e. c-rned to be ap- .ffected bv suoh alteration have been duly notihed of suah intended step, or appli- prized of intend- ""■'.'' .f . , , wl alterations In cation : Provided— J a i! I a t- »oho..i Heotimm. ,.. v fj^irdly, th(.t the several parts of such united, or altered, School Sections r.'^Jr'fctLB shall have the same claim to a share of the Common School J""'!, to which they »«ared. ^^uld have been entitled, had they not been altered, or united : and provided - Din«.Hai and ap. (4,) Fmrthly, that any School Site, or School House, or any other school plication of pro- property, which shall not be required, in consequence of such alterations, or union ffllcUoi:f Ef School Section,, shall be disposed of, by sale, or otherwise m such a •nannera.a majority of the [resident] freeholders, or householders, m the altered, or united, School Sections shall thinL proper, at a public Meeting called for that P"rP"»«^*^J the proceeds shall be applied to the erection of a new Sch(K.l-house or other Com- mon School purposes of such united or altered Sections; except that the inhabitanta transferred fronTone School Section to another, shall be entitled for the Common School purposes of the Section to which they are attached, to such a proportion of the pr(^eeds of the disposal of such School House, or other Common School pro- perty, as the assessed value of their property bears to that of the other inhabitants of the School Section from which they shall have been separated : Provided— (6.) Hfthly, that Union School Sections, consisting of parts ot two. or ..iore. Townships, may be formed and altered, (under the conditions prescribed in this clause in r;8pect to alterations of other School Sections,) by the Reeves »n'»«f/.^?!;-"- shim shall, for all purposes of Trtistee dectiom and control, he deemed one School ^. Hon, andshalTbe considered" in respect to superintendence and taxing ,ar the e,ec .on of a School House as belonging to the Township in which (he School House may be situated. Union Bohool sections formed and altered by TownreeveH and Local Superin- tendents. Copies of certain proceed ings to be furnished. Fimiu. To cause the Cle.k of such Township, to furnish the Local Superin- tendent «f Schools with a copy of all the proceedings of such Ccuncil r«l»Jng ^^ the formation, or alteration, of School Sections, all School Assessments and o.her educational matters. .... , May establish XIX. And be it enacted. That it shall be [lawful for the lunicipahty of any ^J'pUtes!:hoolsTowihip,ifitjudge expedient] *;ie duty of the Municipal Cou^u:tl of any Town- for Protestants , . j * ^i.^ n„rL j „f tirhnnl Tritsteeg uf awt Citv, Tovm ar Incorpmmed Vil- -dTo.rr S: z\:Zu::^%^'^^^^^^^^^^^ "rt -{rrr ro P«»^'«- Tthorize the establishment of one, or more, Separate Schoo s for Protestants Ro- man Catholics orC.loured People, and, in such case, it shall prescribe the limits of the S ous or Sections, for such Schools, and shall make the same provision for the Sng of the first Meeting for the election of Trustees of each «uch separ- ate Sm,^ Schools, as is provided in the Fourth Section of this Act for holding the first School Meeting in a new School Section : Provided always. That each such Separate School shall go into operation at the sametime with alterations in School Sections, and shall be under the same Regu- En8,^nre8pect to the persons for whom such School is permitted to be estab- Manner ot Shed as are Common Schools generally : Provided Secondly, that none but Col- electingTrustees "»"®°' *f *™ V" V , „ .n„_,ed to vote for the election of Trustees of the Separate i-chrseXnf^sXol'^^^^r^'er^^^^ of or sending children to a Separate Protestant, or Roma" Catholic, School, shall vote at the election of Trustees of such School : Provided Third,ly, That each such Se^aJite^oteste^t? or Roman Catholic. [School shall be entitled to share m the icC Fund according to the number of children of the Religious cla^, or persua- Son attending such Ichool, as compared with the whole number of chilhen ih. Teacher of the Common School And of appor- tioning school moneys to them Chap IT. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 3D ; , Prni Mant Provided Fifthly, thftfc the Truttees of the Common SohcK>l Section. ^J^^^^,^ wi h / he mita of which such S^narate School Section or Section., -h*'! have been ^ra shall not include the children attending .uch Separate School, or Schools, n hei return of children of school age residing ... their School Soct.o .s. XX A.dheit.nacte4, That, whenever the majority of the .es.dent house- Mayjaniu all V. 1 uC. nf th« several Soho.l Sections of any Township at public meetings called ti,,,mi.. aT-.A..- ;;'Trstts^'^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -hall desire t/abolish local ScLol Section ^^-s^on^. -2-^-'':, an.l have all their Schuols conducte:'. under one (Township) system, and one man- ,„,,. „„^„,„, aj^nent! lie tSe School, in Cities and Towns, the Municipality of '"oh Township xn.u... at the SaU h ve authority to comply with their request thus expressed, by passing a By^ r^v^ ^^^^^ aw to that effect ; and all the Common Schools of such Township shall be ma.mged He.tion. .on- bv one Board of Tm.tee8.-one of whom shall be chosen in and for e.ch Ward of <.er..e,.. KownshSp. f the Township be divided into Wards, and f not, then the whole numW sSa f be chosen i« and'^for the whole Township, and invested wth he same Jo vers' and subject to the same obligations, as are provided and roqmred, in re^ fpect to Trustees in Cities and Towns, by the Twenty-Fourth Section of this Act.* IV C0UNCIL.S AND Trustees in Cities. Towns, and Incorpobatbd Villaoes. ■ XXI And he it enacted. That the Council, or Common Council, of each Cay, |.^-|;?„^,^,':"- or incorporated Town, in Upper Canada, shall be, and is hereby, invested, within ^ oitienand ts limKd liberties as pre^sSribed by law, and shall be subject to the same obli- Tow,.. «at on as are the Municipal Council of each County, and ^he MunicipalUy of each Township, by the Eighteenth and Twenty-Seventh Sections of thiB Act . Provided iever he?e.s,^hat thS appointment of the Local Sunerintendent of Schools for such c!ty or Town, shall be made by the Board of School Trustees of such C.y, or Town. XXII And be it enacted, That in each Ward, into which any City, or Town TwoJj-uHt^^, ._^ is or shall be divided, according to law, two fit and proper persons shall be elected ea.j, war^of S;hool Trustees by a majority of all the [resident] taxable inhabitants of such Ward ; c.c^^s and o,t(?f which Trus'iees, ({o be determined by lot. at the first Trustee meeting after S,:,rot retiring t^ir el^cUon,) shall r;i!ire fiom office on the second l-'^-^^yl^^^^tlilJZ p-S. uarv following his election ; and the second of whom shall continue in omoe one ^,,,^,j^ ^^ ,„„„ year longer, and until his successor is elected ; and the person, thus elected shall Board „. form one Board of School Trustees for such City, or To^n. Tr,.8tee8. XXIII. And be it enacted. That, on the second Wednesday in January of each One Tn.Btee to year, at the time prescribed by the Second Section of this Act, one fit and proper ^l^^'^ZVot a person shall be elected Trustee in each Ward o, every City and Town, and shall cMtyorTown. LiSuefn office two years, and until his successor is elected : .P'-^fed always^ the «ecc..d^ ^^ that such election shall be held at the place where the last municipal election was ^ „, held for such Ward, and under the direction of the same Returning Officer, or in each year SdefaVCf Buch Person as the electors present shall choose ; -f --h ele^^^^^^^^ ^^^^'^ be conducted as an ordinary municipal election in each Ward of such Oity, or iown. XXIV. A^^d be it e^uxcted. That the Board «« School Trustees for each Cit^^ T^^^^^^^ and Town, shall be a Corporation, under the name of '' Th« Board_of^ School 1 Trustees of the City, (or Town) of m the County of .(the Duties of first meeting thereof may be called in the City, or Town, Council-room by any TruHteen in each Trustee), and it shall be the duty of such Board,— t^'^y °'" "^ • Firstly. To appoint annually, or oftener, a Chairman, Secretary, Superintend- To appoint ent of Schools, and one, or more, Collecto. s of School Rates (if "quired); and to certa.n o«icers. appoint the times and places of their meetings, and the mode of ^'ll'"? 'n«™' °* conducting and recording their proceedings, and of keeping all their School accounts. tiecondly. To take possession of all Common School property, and to accept. To hold School and how as a Corporation, all property which may have Unacquired ojfiven Property, for Common School purposes in such City, or Town, by any title whatsoever , to maoage, or dispose of , such property, and all moneys, or income, for Cornmon School purposes, until the power hereby given shall betaken away, or modified by law, and to apply the same, or the proceeds, to the objects for which they have been given, or acquired. , , • „ Thirdly. To do whatever they may judge expedient with ^«g»^J t? P"^^^^' L^ediul Vro- or renting. School Sites and Premises; Building, repairing, furnishing, warming ^.^.^„^i„,,,peet and keeping in order the School House, or School Houses, and ^t«.. ""i .^^^^'j; JP^"" |°h'S\Temi8e.. daues, lands, enclosures and moveable property ; for procunng^.uitable Apparatus ^^^^^^l"^ and Text Books ; and for the establishment and maintenance 01 a Sehool L.!?>ra.j, or School Libraries. ' The ^reat advantage of a Township over a local "Section" system of Schools Is fully set forth in the Journal 0} Edu- cafiod for November, 1872. ^' ' 1 "I 40 DOCUMENTAHY HISTORY OK EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 To apiM)lnt a committee of three to take the , gpecial chartre ot each 8chool. To make an estimate of the expenHex of the XIV IcL SchooU. The Municipal Council to pro vide for such expenses. To l->vv school rate bilU at The Hiims thus collected to t)e paid into the hands of the Chamberlain or Treasurer. Todet.m.lne F.nrihl,. To determine the number, Hite-lnnd and dejcrip thenu.nberaml . j ^ shall be oitftblished and maintained in Buch Citv, or Town , "|e leaoner, )r kind of H;« '•"g"^,,'^ K MU„ To rive order, to Tenohers and other School OIBcer. «nd creditor. ?r.i;;p^. uponlSt'&mb^Xn! ofCurer, of .ueh City, or To.n, for the .u„„ or .«m., of Teacfiers. ^hich shall be due them. , „ ,. r n, Ar,««.;« To call and aive notice of annual and special Schoo Meetings of the To call annual or ^^"T-^- ., ^" „, tnlVUv or Town or of any ^^'ard in it, in the same man- special School taxable inhabitants of such City, or lown, or oi »"y Twelfth Section of '•"'"''■ s Airt'h^:p^n'..^rt"ru" Td ?^i"'?l~i sJ:i:;";J''. "oo- Sections of Townships : Provided alwavs that any person elected at any special Ward School Meeting, Continuance in ^,r *^ * ^Jj^v, Xll have occurred in the Board of Trustees, from any office of persons to fill a vacancy which shall nave occurreu m lu , . , xj^g ^^^^ for . ..«„ wuatever, shall hold oflice only dunng the »^«^P''^«'* J*" ?^. ,"® '^ whTch the person whose place shall have become vacant, wa. elected to serve. T.^thu, To see that all the pupils in the Schools are duly Hupi>lied with a »„i,"Se.I?.uThotAxtBU.. t., «PP»ij'»y""-»-' '"'""'"^» of the School Library, or Libraries, whenevoi established. m..,pniUv To see that all the Schools under their charge are conducted, i..-.s,.- rn=tfrorr?ihyrnt.v.°„'r i ,^ at^TS rr'SLnr.lnd>trr:";r.utht ™ly^^ IX-Sr"- *;3Tbe ore t'hTfltS of January ^.he Chief Supcrmtendenof^^^^^^^^^ annual report */;"" ^ Renort signed by a majority of the Trustees, and containing »" ^'^ »";PV to the Chfef tion, a nepori, bikuwx "' •> , P,mmon School Trustees, by the Twelfth bection Superintendent mat on required in the Reports of Common ocnnm i r » \ lawfully required, IS. ::^?^frrnv.J^rF^r:hictThVrp"r:,5S • rhifif Suoerintendent of Education. Powers of mum- Chiet bupennten ^ „._:_:„„,:,„ „f „v«rv Tncomorated VUlatfe, lages. . , shall possess and exercise all the l'«™' ^ °; common School rurposes, and for t^rutteeltrc^'rega^^^^^^^^^^^ tie rmits'of such raVJi^nes. ?„:o"p^STllge^^^^^^^ and imposed by this Act upon the Mumci- isYi."""'""'"^' pal Corporations of Cities : elected to fill vacancies. To see that the pupilL. are duly supplied with proper text books. To have their Schools con- ducted accord- ing to law. To prepare and Chap. II. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED HY THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 41 Provided alw»y». that, on the second fTuoiday] tte,lne»dai, m January One Tliousaud Eight Hundred and Fifty one, (1851.) in each .uch Incorporatod Villag., nt ho place of the thou laat annuaf election of CounoiUorH, there .hall be aMootuu of the Sixablo inhabitants of such Inoorporated Village, and wh.ch Moot. ng ahan 1,.3 organized and conducted in the «ame manner aa w prewribed in the Twenty- hiid Section of this Act, for the conducting of annuul Sch.«l Meetings in the Wards of Cities and Towns ; and, at such Meeting, six Ht and proper persons, fr m. anvmg the resident freeholders, or househol.iors, shall bo «l«^t«f8«J"'!l Trustee. Z such Incorporated Village ; and the persons thus chosen shall be divided by lot into three classes, of two individuals each, to be numbered one. 7' t^roe, the first class shall hold office one year, the second clasP two years, and the ihird class tb e ye^rs. and until their successors are elected ; but each Trustee retiring rom Jhce shall be eligible to be re-elected with his -.wn consent : Provided ^^«cohc« , thai there shall bo a like School Meeting annually ,n each such In°;>7"7^«*; J''^ lasre at which two percons shall be chosen Trustees, in the place of the two retiring rum office, and shall continue in office two years, ancl until their successors are e oc ed • Provided Thmlbi, that the first annual School Meeting in each IncoriK,rated vSo Bhall be called by the Town-re*ve of such Village, who shall cause notices to be |K.sted in at least six public places of such Village, at least six days before the time of holding such Meeting. XXVI Aivi he it enacted, That the Trustees elected in each Incorporated Vil- lace according to the provisions of the preceding Section, shall succeed to all the rijhts, powers, obligations and liabilities of the present Trustees of such Incorpor- at^ed Village, and shall be a Corporation under the title o^/^e " Board of Schoo Trustees of ihe Incorporated Village of -. m the County «fT— " , »"f .^J*" possess all the powers, and be subject to all the obligations, witlan the h^^^^^^^ such Incorporated Village, as are conferred and imposed by the Twenty-fourth Section of this Act, upon the Trustees of Cities and Towns. V. Powers and Duties of County Municipai, Councils. XXVII. And be it enacted. That it shall be the duty of the Municipal Council of each County :— , ^ n i.- i Firstly. To cause to be levied in each year upon [such County collective'y, or uponl the several Townships of mch County, [separately, as it shall deeni expe ntj such a1 sum, or sums, of money for the payment of the salaries of 'cgally H^ -e;! Comiion School Teachers as shall, at least, be eaual (c'ear of all charges of e.,ioc- ticn,) to the amount of school money apportioned to [such County, or ^o]thej^^rf^\ Townships thereof for such year, by t^e Chief Superintendent of Education, .j notified by him to suoh Council, through the C' Clerk : Provided always, that the sum, or sums, m levied, may be increased at the discretion of such Council, either to augmeui the County School Fund, or to give special, or additional, aid to new, or needy School Sectioris on the ^f<=7™«f^^J°" of one. or more. Local Superintendents: Provided also, that the s. a required to be lev ed in such County in e»ch year, fur the salaries of legally qualifaed Teachers, Bhall be collected and paid into the ha, .Is of the County Treasurer, on. or before, the Fourteenth day of December ; ami provided likewise, that in case of the non^ payment of any part of such sum into the hands of the County Treasurer at thaj ime, no Teacher shall, upon amplication, be refused the Pi^y^f^^,^/ .{.^l**:,' " f^ which he may be entitled from such years' County School Fund but the 00""*^ Treasurer shall pay any local Superintendents' lawful order in behalf of ^^^ TeachoK in anticipation of the payment of the County School Assessment ; and the Cou ty Council shall make the necessary provision to enable the County Trea • r to pay the amount of such lawful order. Secondly. To raise by assessment, such sum. or sums, of monr.y, '^^'t shall judge expedient, for the establishment and maintenance of a County Common School Library. . 1 * iu Thirdly. To appoint annually, a Local Superintendent of Schools for the whole County, or for any one, or more. Townships in sij^ch County, as it shall juds-e expedient ; to L ., (within the limits prescribed by the Thirtieth Section of thw Act), anil provide for the salary, or salaries, of such Local Superintendent, or Superin- ' "^Provided always, that no such local Superintendent shall have the oversight ot morethanOno Hundred Schools ; and provided also, that the County Clerk shall forfhwith notify the Chief Superintendent of Education of the aPPO"'tment and Udress of each such Local Superintendent, and of the County Treasurer ; and shall How wii'li ••It'*"' tloii to I* lii'M aiiil rondui'twi. Hlx Tni»tei'« to Ih! elu'twi In cttili InoorjH)r»t- ihI VlllkK". Mmie of retire- ment (rom office _ Two Truntt'eii to 111- €'l<'<'tt'ol IK collliiK the flmt annual mctting. The trustees Ihiid clectefi In each IncoriKjrat- e T». A.U.0 th. audit tho nocountH of tha to«»t> ' / »7" *;^' '^^^^^^ ' ,' , (\,mioil ; .uul iho County - - --"'• Ol.vk*sh.n tra.>«»it to th« C hio S«i."„toml««t f K^U oatu.u, ^-^ «,;,,.^^ ,^,„, IH<)ltH>l HH>m>.V». mt«Umlho >M>uutv common Ml UmlUortilloH , to iH. •mm.Hl. (,,^„.k ^,,^,1 tTftiwmit to tu« un.oi «»l»«""3";";; A'- Xi;;ot of Huch report, an.l i\«u»t,v dork to V , 1^- ,»f MHrch n e«oh ye»r, » oorMlled o»>py «>f the *•"'".'*"'•'' """.,, » ,, ' i,,, iul«ut ttl> »>> »t rtti't of mx'h VI Oo«sr,T.T,ON AND DUT.KS OK THK COUNTV BOAKUS OK PlUIMO INSTHIH-TION. XXVlll. A,.i 6. i* M, That tho B.>Hra of Tr«iaoo»_^fc>r^ tW ^Ocun.|, iU\n. Mor»"th»n o«»i ,s>\»nty imtity Council shall have authority lo uiv.n,. fw TruHtBos ..f -'»>- manyl^ohool Circuit a-^thoro arc Oonnty CY^jn.-r «^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ ^^S uri Zd:.' ti :/ ,. oaoli County Oraunuar «i^"V;''»; ^i*?". ^^'7^3' f ''S InntJiotion for such .11.. of Sohoob fn oaoh 8uch C.rou.t. shall bo a IWl of urn. ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^ toKwhers- ttv lor othor i«><^ lm'Uitf«t*l ex- S«M>»t>* to W' *tr»,vw> b.v the ivunt.v tH>um'>l. Uutie* of ^^*^"h tioii. To mwt iiuar> terlj. To «^\»^>lin«> »iul jfive wrtifl»'»t«'» olnvialitlcation to t<«oh»>rs. ^•oui.t.v iHwni o( pi^es of ite own meatings, and tho order of its proceeaiuga, «■ »oter: must Ua ^y^ to any person who shall not, at tho time oi apoiyuig . Maiustv or n-lio ^:^^ g^ificatlibo * natvm.1 bon; or m^;^^^^^ W ^-^mrU or shall >wt pnHluce a tert^ficate of hai^mij .'«^"7''* "'iT, ,;; ^„„ lV„ ConnU, in which he To..»l,«..l.e r*.WI.,. To8el<».-t,(it d«.med "!»?»"&''?".'' .1™ ^fA KJ » A.J SKX' ■>.. J.d. or' .«.Hon,*i y th, C.„„« ° /j^„^«J^''S'S' orLrC^-n^. ' SSaU- S^i'JJ'ri.r.^'^aX'dZMLl' STK .«m,i.. .or pr.«uring.»h nwntofk county i>_nW_ •choQl libmrv. BOOKS, HTUlRiTlON. (.-hap. II. KDUCUTIONAL A(!TH PAHSED HV THE I,E(JIHI itrmtiotu Uio oxpudiiint, to lulvanou tho ititui-ttKtH and uiafulnuHt of (Joinmon HoUooIh, to promotu I^![|,7"|'|f7u»l ihe [\w (mtabliiihtitoiit of Holioul Liibrariui, and to diffuse uieful knowledge in auah aiiri'iNinii of ,imi. (!ounty, or Circuit. •••i umowIwIko tfitiitirully, VII. DUTIKH Of hlWAl Hui'KHINTBNIlKNTH OV H(,||OOUi.. IamuI Hiipurlii. liiriiltiiil iif XX \. Alul he it muti'ted, That each Looal Superintendent of Oonimon hi IkkiIn to i>« Si'hiiiiU, ivnpointed aa provided for in tlte Twenty-auventh Heution of thia Act, Hhall n,',',|!',',7i,rui'ion u( ho outitleu, lUinuHlly, to not Inaa than One puimd I'umni'n, (£1,) per Huhool pl/u)ud nm itiHn iiiun under hla oharKH, toj{oth»ir with any additiimal renuinonition, or allowruice, whioli |^'y,',///|'"n,'|j*(, tliu ( jDUiioil appitintiuK hint Hhall y^tMit ; and auuh Hupurintendent ahall be paid the chiir'Jo. Riuiiu in ipiarterly inatalnienta by the Oounty Treaaurer. To iw ihiIiI <|iMr- XXXI. And be it emu-ted, That it ahall be the duty of each Looal Huperin- [Z^^IZi^^i thu It'iulont of Sohoola ; county. I''ird. Am soon aa ho shall have received fro») i)iiiu tim Chief Suporintenaent of Koiuoalion). amon(i tho several Hchool Seotiona entitled to "<"m'""» «•»''''>' roooive it, aooordiuK to the rates of the average attendance of pupila attending «moh Hl'vttrui w'tlooi '" Common School, (the mean attendance of pupila for both Summer and Winter HeriionN iv»!oriiparod with the whole average number of pupils attending the [""uitVn'.Tt'iri.'" Common Sohook of such Townahip. ii'hIunn otiiL-rwUa Secondly. To give to any tjualified Teacher, and to no other, on the order of ''''•'''''"'• TruHtees of any School Section, a che(iuo upon the County Treasuier, or sub- truMio" "uibIv« I' III) - ^ - , -- J _| ^ _-, _ ^_-- n u»l.«tT» t»» Treasurer, for any aum, or autns, of money apportioned and due to such School i^tiLimiw lo ^"""•»" • the <<)ut.ty or Provided alwaya, that he shall not pay any such order of the Truateea of any NuiKiounty School Section, from whom no satisfactory annual School Ileport shall have been ^Ji!iuH"ummY». ruouived for the yetr ending the laat day or the December preceding ; nor unless it (,"«- and discipline observed, tho system of instruction nursued, the mode of keeping p„i',[ii!'i'J,'.t,"re in the School Registers, tho average attendance of pupils, the character and condition mu-)i Huniy*Bfrat4''of meet and confer with the Chief Superintendent of Education at such time and place I'ubiic inHtruc- as ho may appoint, when making an Official Visit to such Ckounty, for the promo- am"',Kmfer"wlth tiou of the interests of Education. the Chief Sui^r- Seventhly. To attend tho Arbitrations, and to meet the Townreeves, as pro- ^'hooiH'inh'iB viied for in the Twelfth and Eighteenth Sections of this Act ; to decide upon any official visits to otlier questions of difference which may arise between interested parties under the *"'-'' '^"""'v- ■.spGr.n.tinR of this, or any preceding School Act, and which may be submitted to ^rot"ion8"?o"the him ; settlement of Provided always, that ho may, if he shall deem it advisable, refer any such uo'i^of'diBpiite. question to tho Chief Superintendent of Education: Provided also, that any To detide upon " H^grieved, or dissatisfied, party, in any case not otherwise provided for by this Act, JjJ'j,*/ ''"^"aV^'J,* -sliall have the right of appeal to the Chief Superintendent of Education. discre^i'on.'' ?.'■■■ ^:-' >i - 1 I 44 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 mav appeal in certain cases. To suspend cer- tificates of quali- fication in certain eases. Or,proviso)refer Eightly. To suspend the Certificate of QuaUfi^^^^^^^ tiiem to the - ^uioh shall appear to him to require it, until the next o"»""'8, '^" . » , Chief superin- ^*"^;5J^X Board of Public Instruction, where the case shall be disposed of, in such tts^°' ttn:rSl^m:to^lyoithe Members present shall think proper : Proviso : ^. p,„Hded always that due notice shall be given to the Teacher »"«Pended, of aggrieved or dis- , V-O^V- fftlprmntv Board ■ Provided also, that the cancelling, or suspen- satisfied parties such Meeting of the County Boara. ""^'"r" , ' ,, -„i„„.e his School Trustees „„., .„^».i in . , ^ Teacher's Certificate of Qualification, shall release nis ooiiu a teacSer's cer- ^ith the Trustees' orders, as the authonty for his f^^''^r^^°^nl„^.oonlenoe and trustees from fmrn office . . t-i i j.- obligation to rroiii oiu».o. i.,.,i„«mU to the Chief Superintendent of Education, continue him in Tent/ill/. To prepare and transmit to tne Y"'^J^^"i'"\ . , t^ ,, u. :„ guch form their employ. * before the first day of March, an Annual Report, which shall oe mBaca lorm as ;hall be provided by the said Chief Superintendent and which shall state .- i^a^tr/u,^" " S -The whole number of Schools and School Sections, or parts of Sections. fc^ollsTnthe in each Township within his J«';»fi;«^>°«- ^^^^ .^e age of five and discharge of his 2nd.— The number of pupils taught in each Jscnooi over lue b .,^_e_ „d duties. To give ,'!''"; r sixteen years; the number between the age"J*V"f |®" ."J.'^ information to under the age oi "^J^®^° f ;" ' y^ f children residing in each School Section, the Chief Super- tweuty-one years ; the whole number or °n""'[""/r', » , sixteen years. intendent when /^ { ^ Section, over the age of five and under the age ot sixteen yt-a™ ^ .... CT^i 1 -l._11 U«»a Kaan IfAnf It! each such b art OI a section, over tuo i»gc v/i u.^ = , u o„»4.:^« id The length of time a School shall have been kept in ewh such Section irf^Tf Sections by a qualified Teacher : the branches taught, the number of pup^h in Ih brS, aJd^tfeText Books used ; the average attendance of pupils. bofii male and female, in Summer and Winter. „ ^ j • „„„v, botn ma , ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^.^^^ ^^^ coUected in each ■""^th* 'St:t*r'l^!»do*- School, Visit, during th. ,«„ ; tho „u». -, C fh« numbe- as far as he may be able to ascertain, of Private Schools, The amount of Persuasion ; the nurabe., as 'ay «^ "*' ' .!.-_„:„ • the number of Libraries, their moneys received the number of pupils and subjects taught ttierein , tne """'". ,■ . , and expended. ^"" " y,„_, established and supported ; also, any other information wnicn ne may J;; theTmprovem'eYt off chools and diffusion of useful knowledge. VIII. Common School Visitors and Their Duties. XXXII A^id be it enacted, That all Clergymen recognized by l^^J.' oj jj^**" everlf^m^tion Judge^^^^^^^ pastoral charge^ .^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^, ..,tH„H..d to .r.^:^^™lJ't 'P\TrZ>.ticMe. all the Public Schools in such Townshit,, vi-sit the schools, ;!,}r"'^l'J^ n^vnWp" eTneViaily to attend the Quarterly Examinations or ocnools, attend examina- City, Town, or ViUage , e*P®<^'*".y 7 "„^„„;-,„ the orosress of the pupil^ and the tions, and ex- ^nd, at the tima of any such visit, to examine tne progreB« 1 1 h f eachers and Sroi".tr "^ ..d m.n.gen,.nt of th. School "^"^ 'J'.f «Xtwe 'ta 'S^^^Z'^^^^t. qlia truS"^wATbe'ptvid«l in r^g^d to Schoo. Vi,itor. according to law : desired To account to the county auditors. To prepare and transmit an annual school report to the Chief Superin- tendent. Contents ot such report. Nature of Schools. Whole number of children of school age. Time of keeping the schools open ; branches taught. Books used, average attend- ance. The amount of School visits and lectures. Ot school- houses. Of teachers. Who shall be school visitors. Proviso ; as to county magis- trates. School visitors authorizpd to visit the schools. school. Chap. II. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 45 Provided always, that a General Meeting of such Visitors may be held at any Proviso : Oen- time, or place, which may be appointed by any two such Visitors, on sufficient ^[^1, blcauld. notice being given to the other Visitttrs in the Township, City, Town, or Village : and it shall be lawful for such Visitors, thus assembled, to devise such means, as t>ut!e8 and they may deem expedient, for the efficient visitation of the Schools, and to promote ^^^^' °' *"'''' the establishment of Libraries and the diffusion of useful knowledge. ^^ '"'^^ Chief Superin- tendent of Sctiools ap- pointed. To account for the contingent expenses of his office. To be allowed two clerks ; their salaries. Duties of the Chief Superin- tendent To apportion all moneys granted by the legisla- ture for the support of common schools, and in what ratio. IX. Duties of the Chief Supbbintenpent of Education. XXXIV. Aiid be it enacted, That the Governor may, from time to time, by Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of the Province, appoint a fit and proper person to be Chief Superintendent of Education for Upper Canada, who shall hold his office during pleasure, and shall receive a salary of [ pounds per annum] the same amount as that noio provided by law, or, as may hereafter be provided by law. "'* sa'^y- for the Chief SuperinteTident ofEdvcation in Lower Canada; and shall be responsible to, and subject to the direction of, the Governor-General, communicate, to him through such Department of Her Majesty's Provincial Government, as, by the Governor, may be directed in that behalf ; and shall account for the contingent expenses of his Office, as provided in respect of other Public Offices ; and shall be allowed two Clerks, [the first of whom to receive pounds per annum, and the second pounds per annum] toko shall receive the same salaries as are, or shall be, by law atlacJied to similar offices in the Education Law of Loiver Canada, to com- mence from the first of [January] Jxdy, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifty. XXXV. And be it enacted. That it shall be the duty of the Chief Superin- tendent of Education : Firstly. To apportion, annually, on, or before, the First day of May, all moneys granted, or provided, by the Legislature for the support of Common Schools in Upper Canada, and not otherwise appropriated by this Act, to the several Counties, Towr-;'.; ,i , Cities, Towns and Incorporated Villages therein, according to the ratio ' r!.:.ilation in each, as compared with the whole popula- tion of Upper Canada ; - when the Census, or returns, upon which sucli an apportionment is to be made, shall be so far defective, in respect to any County, Township, City, Town, or Village, as to render it impracticable for the Chief Superintendent to ascertain from such data the share of School Moneys which ought then to be apportioned to such County, Township, City, Town, or Village, he shall ascertain, by the best evidence in his power, the facts upon which the ratio of such apportionment can be most fairly and equitably made, and make it accordingly. Secondly. To certify such apportionment made by him, to the Inspector- To certify such General, so far aa it relates to the several Counties, Cities, Towns and Incorporated to thfins^tor- Villages in Upper Canada, and to give immediate notice thereof to the Clerk of General, and to each County, City, Town and Village interested therein, stating the time when gj'g® ^°""*y the amount of moneys thus apportioned, will be payable to the Treasurer of such '^ ^^ *" County, City, Town, or Village. Thirdly. To prepare suitable Forms, and to give such Instructions as he shall ^o prepare suit- judge necessary and proper, for making all Reports, and conducting all proceed- executin^^'the' ings under this Act, and to cause the same, with such General Regulations, as law, and trans- shall be approved of by the Council of Public Instruction for the better Organ- "g"' ,*''^[J' '? ization and Government of Common Schools, to be transmitted to the Officers officers. °° required to execute the provisions of this Act. Fourthly. To cause to be printed, from time to time, in a convenient form, so To cause copies many copies of this Act, with the necessary Forms, Instructions, and Regulations "aw.'reguiations, to be observed in executing its provisions, as he may deem sufficient for the infor- ^ be printed mation of all Officers of Common Schools, and to cause the same to be distributed ag'occMiOT^l^v for that purpose. -quire. To see that all school moneys apportioned by him are duly applied accord- ing to law. To direct the disposal of bal- ances of such moneys in cer- tain coses and under certain conditions. Fifthly. To see that all moneys apportioned by him, be applied to the objects for which they were granted ; and, for that purpose, to decide upon all matters and complaints submitted to him, (and not otherwise provided for by this Act,) which involve the expenditure of any part of the School Fund ; and to direct the appiicttliou of aucii balances of the School Fund, as may hare been apportioned for any year and forfeited according to the previsions of this Act. Provided always, that such balances of the School Fund shall be expended in making up the salaries of Toaehera in the County to which tney shall have been apportioned. •■ *• 1 46 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA 1850 SD~»od Text Books in the Schools generally. '' ^KUy. To en,p.o. -1 ...fu. n,«.n, in We ^^>. ro^^--t^T:^,£, :rfS"lVJiStSSp«non^r»^"^^ amonK the people of Upper Canada * It^r To submit ^the council of PaH^^^^^^^^ r.- scripts, which may be pW m ^^"^^^andsjit^^^^^ ^^ ^^« ^, mendaMon, or sanction, of such Council, lor "»" Council of Public Instruction rscTpl-s. Library Books ; And *« PJ.«F«'« f "^ '^^^^^^^^^ and Govern- ,ay before for its consideration, such G^n^-^^ «^g^^^^^^^^ «, gchooT Libraries as he shall d Council, ment of Common Schools, and the management deem necessary and proper. u„ii v,« r^mvided bv .oappo..o„ Tenmy. To apportion whatever s^^^^^^^^^^ Z^^^ t^e ^«^T;^'l?t^att^^^^^^^^^^^ the establishment, or sup^ ment of school Provided always, that °o"f ■"*""„ Jj amount be contributed and expended libraries. ^^^^ of any School Library unless an equal amount from local sources for the same object. mi to furnieh saoh Rules end Instmctions f» J^» 'I"" '"J'^^oting Ih.ir oljecte. XLmy TO he re.pon.iM" to' -^^.^SKJSly'a -« "» S hi the Nonn.1 .nd Model Schools. ""'' '"/ ™ ^remdton»rit .11 Correspondence =irrpSSi?3?a*:^;r?orilo. PuhUc In.tr„.tion .or m.r Schools of Upper C.n.d«, «5^°»»* °°»^' '?^ ,,".» that it shall be the r/Ji%riiroM^es£r£™Sc^ojK ^ rdi' A^SS^on'rStSCtSr.i-^.^rS.rch in e^h ,«.r, [June] /kIk. • report of the actual »'*^°' ^°LJ,V"JEi»nd Common School. SS'S.or »■■• LerJl Colleger •»'» 0"^ 'f ""l^ the amlSni mo^™ expended in «>nnec. „..™». .j^.gh™t„j,per^C.^^^^^^ r^'Si:.'Crrd%tiSSg"Sc:S5l"^rX- he U dL usCm .na expedient. X OoNsmonOK i»n Du™ of th. Cot.i.c.L of PfBUO tasiatmoK. «,.,P-o xxxvL ^-^^ 'i^-p^^nrw i.h''orsrcSS' st;:ri"n«s; r;0 ^ who sWl Wd th»r om«d.™g^pl^^^^^^^ .,^,, ,„. Chief superin- ^..^^ ^^ ^j^^^ ^,3 iggued by the Governor. - the Ac^ we?e fulLv dischargSl by ^Zll'int^T'Z'w^^S^'^^^^ remiinder^^SThis incumbency, which ceased To appoint a Deputy and epecial inspec- tors in certain oases. Duties in regard to the Normal School. And text-books. School libraries. Plans of school- houses. The collection and diffusion of useful know- ledge. To submit to the Council of Public Instruct. Ions, books, manuscripts To said . general regula tions. Proviso . Condition of sharing in such apportionment. To appoint per- sons to conduct teachers' insti- tutes, and pre- pare rules and Instructions for regulating their proceedings. To account for moneys. To report annuallv to the Governor on Chap. II. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 47 '•, '^• ?BCCTION. XXXVII. Aud be it enacted, That the Chief Superintendent of Education shall provide a place for the Meetings of the Council of Public Instruction, and shall call the first Meeting of the Council, and shall have authority to call a special Meeting at any time, by giving due notice to the other Members ; that the expenses attending the proceedings of the 8i,id Council shall be accounted for by the Chief P'lperintendent of Education as part of the contingent expenses of the Education ( dee ; that the Senior Clerk in the Education Office shall be Recording Clerk to the said Council, shall enter all its proceedinRs in a Book to be kept for that pur- pose, shall, as may be directed, procure the Books and Stationery for the Normal and Model Schools, and shall keep all the acco nts of the said Council ; [and shall be entitled, for these services to a remuneration of not less than Twenty-five pounds, (£25,) per annum] XXXVIII. And he it enacted. That it shall be the duty of the said Council of Public Instruction, ( [five] three Members of which, at any lawful Meeting, shall form a Quorum for the transaction of business) : Kirst. To appoint a Chairman, and establish the times of its Meetings, and the mode of its proceedings, which Chairman shall be entitled to a second, or cast- ing vote, in cases of an equality of votes on any question. Secondly. To adopt all needful measures for the permanent establishment and efficiency of the Normal School for Upper Canada, containing one, or more. Model Schools, for the instruction and training of Teachers of Common Schools in the Science of Education and Art of Teaching. Thirdly. To make, from time to time, the Rules and Regulations necessary for the Management and Government of such Normal School ; to prescribe the terms and conditions on which students shall be received and instructed therein ; to select the location of such School, and erect, or procure, and furnish, the Buildings therefor ; to determine the number and compensation of [Professors,] Teachers, and all others who may be employed therein ; and to do all lawful things which such Council shall deem expedient to proiuote the objoots and interests of such Normal School. Fourthly. To make such Regulations, from time to time, as it shall deem expedient for the Organization, Government and Discipline of Common Schools ; the clacsification of Schools and Teachers, and for School Libraries throughout Upper Canada. Fifthly, To examine, aud, at its discretion, recommend, or disapprove, of Text Books for the use of Schools, or Books for School Libraries : Provided always, that no portion of the Legislative School Grant shall be applied in aid of any School in which any Book is used that has been disapproved of by the Council, and public notice given of such disapproval. Sixthly. To transmit annually, through the Chief Superintendent of Educa- tion, to the Governor, to be laid before the Legislature, a true account of the receipt and expenditure of all monies granted for the establishment and support of the Normal School. XII. Miscellaneous Financial Provisions. XXXIX. And be it enacted. That a sum not exceeding Fifteen Hundred pounds, (^1,500,) per annum shall be allowed out of the Legislative School Grant for the salaries of Officers and other contingent expenses of the Normal School ; and that a sura not exceeding One Thousand pounds, (^1,000,) por annum be allowed out of the said grant to facilitate the attendance of Teachers- in-training at the Normal School, under such Regulations as shall from time to time, be adopted by the Council of Public Ir struction. XL. And be it eiiacted. That the sum of money apportioned annually by the Chief Superintendent of Education to each County, Township, City, Town, or Village, and at least an equal sum raised annually by local assessment, shall con- stitute the Common School Fund of such County, Township, City, Town, or Village, and shall be expended for no other purpose than that of paying the salar- ies of qualified Teachers of Common Schools : Provided always, that no County, City, Town, or Village, shall be entitled to a share of the Legislative School Grant without raising by assessment, a sum at least equal, (clear of all charges for collection.) to the «hare of the -aid School Grant apportioned to it : and provided also, that should the Municipal Corporation of any County, City, Town, or Village, raise in any one year a less sum than that apportioned to it out of the Legislative School Grant, the Chief Superintendent of Education shall deduct a sum equal to the deficiency, from the apportionment to such County, City, Town, or Village, in the following year. <'■* Mode of provid- iiiK a place and defraying the expenses of the meetings of such Council ; of calling the flrst meeting and any special nipjting. Senior Cleric in the Education Offloe to be Re- cording Clerk to the Council. His duties. Duties of the Council of Pub- lic Instruction. To regulate its own proceed- ings. To do all things necessary for the permanent estaolishment and eHiciency of the Normal School. To make rules for the manage- ment and gov- ernment of the Normal School; to prescribe the terms of admis- sion. To erect or pro- cure and fur- nish Normal School build- ings. To appoint teachers. To make regula- tions for the or- ganization and government of of common schools gener- ally. To examine and recommend books for schools and for school libraries ; Proviso : To account an- nually. £1,500 per an- num, granted for the Normal] School. £1,000 per an- num to facili- tate the attend- ance of teachers in training. What monies to constitute the common 8<;hool fund. Conditions of its apportionment. i' • II " ' Jl 48 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 Certain sums to be exuended for the establish- ment ot gchool libraries, under certain reffula- tions. £3,000. Proviso : the amount hereto- fore appointed in aid of common schools not to be lessened. The moneys apportioned annually in aid of common schools to be payable the first day of July. Protection of common school fund against loss. Proviso as to Secretary- Treasurer. Withholding to be a misde- meanor. Mode of pro- cedure. Judge to order the party to deliver Books, etcetera. Penalty. Certificate of qualification for Upper Canada irranted to teachers under certain circum- stances. Proviso. XLI. And be it enacted, That it may, and »hdl be lawful for the Governo in-Councl, to authorize the «f P^"^' "J« ^3^^',^^ 1^ Three tive School Grant commg o ^Ppej Can^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^ g^j^^^, j^j, j^^ Thousand pounds, (£3,000,) for the ?»'^**^"7t"J"|^. .. .^^f ^ sum not exceeding under such Regulations as aie P'oy^^^^iJ^'^^XKfnt for the encouragement of a Soisnce in conneMon «ilh the Common School. ; ,«„„„„ Provded ....... th.t the ."J-nt heretofore iy^j-^^^fu'^/J^Vl^aTshS SrST\hTr;r5t"poXo.!:rt^r^^^^^^^^^^ »< "•« -" '"'" X°LII. A^ he it e,^cUd. Th»t the sum of money •""""'"f/^P,?*"?* i" 'j,'; of cSilnon Sohools in the .e«r.l O™"^ s^ T.V rf"w, fn e^h'^l^r" to ?h ?-:fr:"e^*^:Srat" M'Xri-"';.- .. .he' Oo,emo,. in-Council shall, from time to time, direct. not have been taken the P^'^j;"/ ^J^JHSm ^ :ums^ or lost, such security, shall be responsible for the sum, ^f ?"•"«'? ^ ^. ^f Law, and the same may be recovered from hem ^y Cml suit in any tou^^^^^^ ^, having iurisdiction, to the amount claimed, by the party, or parue , Jeceive such sum, or sums, or at the suit of the Crown. Provided always, that if any Secretary treasurer app^^^^^^ ^tZ^^hi any school division - -^^f/^S"! Z^s! thTSaSTaTi^mT into his'poss.s. possession any Books, Papers, Chattels or Money', . ^ ^^^^^^ „^ or to 'sion, as such Secretary -treasurer, shall '"^^^^^^^^^ in such manner account for and pay over the same, "J^ «"y f «;, J^^/J 7 hT School Triu>tees for such as he n^yA<^^\^''''\^'''t"^f:r'f.h^^^^^^ he a misdemeanor; and, School division then m office, '}'ll~^^^^^^^ hy affidavit of such wrung- upon the application of the ^'"^ontyof^^chT^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ j^^^ . Ad withholdivi,, or refusal, made by them before sow "j=« °^^ ^ Secretary -treasxirer, the County Court, such Judc,e shall, therep,on,rmile /«'-/J«' ™^'^ ^J, ^^ Z appointed or person having been such, do ^PP'% ^/flZ't^: ^^^^ served on the in mch order, which shall, by a Baihff qfany f;j''^%'^^''^^^^^^^ Ind at the time party complained against, or left with a »7.'^2 «P .^™."; "Ji^e / aTftee « made, shall, i>i and place so appointed, the Judge being satisfied J" J^yj^*"^ Tnotlppear, hear the a summary manner a^rd whether the P^^'^ j£«;j,l^{„,t' Zllf^mdThe shall order which such party shall ^^ f:und and be, by Jnm ^^"^"""7//J ^ ^j^^i f,, satisfied that GouiUy, there to renmin without bad, or "'«"'^»;;' .^^'^^/X X Chiltels, or XLIV. ^«<( 6. i( ..»cW, That it may, «"«',?'"'»•, ^?'S!?JJ^„mSm Qualification which shall be valid in any part of Lppe. ...n , i-nt.. ..v. according to law ; Session]. Chap. II. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 49 Salaries of BuperintendenU and exeenseg in- curred in the execution of tlie school law, now paid. Punishment of persoHH diNturb- Inj; meetiniirs. Penalt}'. Temporary pro- visions for hold- ing the first elections in cities and towns. j^ r ii**^ 5^* enacted, That no part of the salaries of the Chief Superin- tendent of Education, or Local Suparintendents of Schools, nor of any other persons employed, or expenses incur-ed, in the execution of this Act, shall be paid out of the Common School Fund, which shall, wholly and without diminution; be expended in the payment of Teachers' salaries, as hereinbefore provided. XLVI. And be it enacted, that any person who shall wilfully dUturb. inter- rupt or disquiet, the proceedings of any School Meeting authorized to be held bv this Act, or any School established and conducted under its authority, shall, for each offence, forfeit for Common School purposes, to the School Section. City, Town, or Vi lage, within the limits of which such offence shall have been committed, a sum not [less Chan] exceeding Five pounds, (£5). [nor more than Ten pounds, (£10)1 and may be prosecuted before any Justice of the Peace, by any person whatever,' and convicted on the oath of one credible witness other than the prosecutor, and if convicted, the said penalty shall, if not forthwith paid, be levied with costs by distress and sale of goods and chattels of the offender, under a Warrant of such Justice, and paid over by him to the School Treasurer of such Section. City. Town or Village ; or the said offender shall be liable to be [tried] indicted and Junished for the same, as a misdemeanor. f •o'^ . m ^^"-^ T^"*' ^^J^ enacted, That the first election of Trustees in all the Cities T. uu^ ^PP®"" Canada, as provided for in the Twenty Second Section of this Act shall commence at ten of the clock in the forenoon of the first Tuesday in [Jaly] September, pne Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifty, (1850), and that the places of election in the several Wards of each City, or Town, together with the name of the Returning Ofiicerfor each such Ward, shall be duly notified, by causing notices to be put up in at least three public places in each such Ward, and not lesS than SIX days before such election, by the Mayor of each City and Town respec- Provided always that the School Trustees then elected in each City and Town, shall be subjecD to all tW obligations which have been contracted by the present School Trustees of such City, or Town ; and shall be invested with all the powers conferred by this Act on School Trustees of Cities and Towns for the fulfilment of such obligations, and for the performance of all other duties imposed bv this Act audthe,oord "Cou.Uy^^ shaU include Unio,, of Counties for Muni!^ purposes ' Anf "^iVJu" '^'!? u^'*' enacted. That the Interpretation Act shall apply to his Act; that the word "Teacher' .-II include Female as well as Male Teachex ^ ! that the word ''Townships'' shall include Unions of Townships made for Municipa' purposes ; and the word " County " shall include unions of bounties for municipal purposes. * (r..S^^}\ ^"^ *' it enacted That the foregoing Sections of this Act shall have force and effect, upon, from and after the — . and not before] ANNO TERTIO-DECIMO ET QUARTO-DECIMO: VICTORIA REGIN^, CAPUT XLIX. An Act to remove Certain Doubts respecting the Intention of the Act of last Session of the Parliament of this Province, for amending the Sharteu o^ THE University of Toronto, [and for other Purpose8, etcetera]. Thic Eabl or Elgin and Kinoardinb, Govebnob Gknebal of British North America : I Passed on the 10th of August, 1850. nni,>l!?^''"~'''!l°«®i'*u'^ v^ '^® 'T'?^"*^ ^"' ''^ ^^»ch the following Act is founded, which were fcotKn •"•f'*^^''' ^y *.^ Legislature are enclosed in square bLkets ; the additions made to the Bill, in Its passage through the Legislature, are printed in italic.) """"ions made m^nZff^^t' ^"^-^^^ Preamble of the Act passed in the last Session of the Pariia- Preamble- ment of tliM Province, chaptered Eighty-two, and intituled : "An Act to amend the w , .... t^r^lri't n°'T^'y established at Toronto by his late Majesty, King George f2^Vfc't.rap7er the i^ ourth to provide for the more satisfactory Government of the said University 82, cited. ^ dim lor other DUrposen nnnnonhorl irifl, fho oo,r.o ~n'> — j'-K '^^- n-ii^ . t> •'; ^'TTl^ff'^^^^°^"''^S^nApTpendagethereoU"ihe promotion of the Religious intention of the Vrnv^; • I^P'^o^nent, as well as the Secular Education of the People of this Tr '^"^ '"' *» ccorDlisL'.^rA-^^ "' '^' ""^r' "^ }'^-^^<^tmevt ; and. as a'^ineans of fn^ffifon. Chri^Lnl T^ ^r*'- ''' * comrnunity consisting of various Denominations of i^iiriatians, the necessity is asserted of having the said University entirely free in 7 .D.rj, I ■ Interpretation clause. 50 norUMENTAUY lUSTOUY OF EDUCATION IN UIM'KU CANADA. 1H50 ni'lcnlloii* iioruitU'K. To Hon.ovp DOlllltH. Act of 18*0. Tho intention of the sail* Aot «^ to Ui'Uifioiis In- st nu't ions »UH<\»mf. ivnd imivlfion n\«ilp for irivinit oftcot to it, I'.v St«tuto of an University. Facility for Ro- liglons Worship. rrovi»o. Proviso. By rniversity SUtutc. And by Statute of I'vper Canada College. Quorum. Caput in their Report under Section 24 of the Act of 1849 may report the names OpinioiiH of any ; and » .j i„ » aiiuiuro iosiro for tho lulvtuuio W..KHKAH the «vid enactment "' «'"* f '^f, , ,L S -crui'l"- <'f .'^1' ,„ent of True lleligion am » «^""^« /^ iirto evlnc by affonlinK to the .li»V. o',vHm« of ,.rofe«i«« V''^ «t^" J^ortun 5 u S thelohv I.re-.i"K "I"'" thofn th.. out U«ligun.B DenomtnationR «^»'«/'PVr«rh LordinK to iVown I)lH0ipl.no, antl m ohliuati-M,, o.oh in ita own way «^^ «• J i£ uf Truth, of provitling or h. oonfortnity with its own P«°"^'" ^ "*,? L.,," "^„owledKe of tho youth bolonKu.n H,,irit..al welfare a.»d «^»vanoom«« m Rol g^^^ of HdigtouH fc!, ita own Co.nununu.n, and . ot frm aj mmn j ^^^^.„„ „j „th ; And duties, or of imparting ^>'« ""' ^"' ""'^ "' ^, „. the prLnoii.loH on which th.. WUKHKAK. notwithaUtuling ^h" df^^^^^^^^^ « Ohr Sai oharaoior of tho said Act WM baaod. doubts have been f" ""\\ ' "^''i"' j.y statute, ..r «)tl»orwise. t- Za Institution and of {'-P'^i^.S^'' r'^ffc^^^^ tho'onportunitiea o, ■uoh doubta, it is doairablo to declare, and- ExcoUei.t «« ,t, thenfon, 'tccordijly ''«''''\";;' '''i;' ^7 ^ Lr«tlaVirS.'.ncil and of tho Majesty, by and with the »Jv.^' 'f JV'^*^,;' tToauthority of the aanlo. that it hatlj and it i«herebvdoolared,and oimctod by«»^o^ ^ ,^^l j^,^. ^ ^„ „ „ been, and, at all unes hereafter shaU^^^^^^^ ^^ ^o uassed f..r that University,-by Statute either V'8«tat«^^^^^^ ^ ^ expedient for the undcr- nurpose, tt. make any I^''«"^5^^''"^ r,^l,^S^ the said University, attending upon UJuatos and students 'ttondni^ Lectures m th^^ ^^^ ^ ^„r„ Public W..nihip in t:'^«'^'•«»^^^?nfmm their re'pectfve Ministers, and according and receiving Religious »'«'VASt a Faith and that, "ot <.nly shall every facility to their respective forma o 1^«'\« ' "^f^'|,„i;er«ity for such attendance on ftehgions be afforded fcytheAuthontioso S^. VrEow edge, but, that no candidate for Worshin, and such acquirement of ReligojKnow^^ ^^ ^.^ application, bo a matricuWion, or for «'7^1>«KXea ^^^ be so far affiliated to the aaid studentinany of the different CoUegeSj^w^^^^^^ Senate thereof, shall bo University as to be entitled to iMPPomfc » MeniDW University withou received L a student, or admitted to a 3««^*" bribed by the c<.n8tituted possessing »«ch ReUgious reMU.sites ^ J*yJ«eC, ,„d which, according to ^sSfn^gt -dtf^^^^^^^^^^ he" hall, by the rSes and [ Statutes ] He^U. tioivs thereof, be requijed'io possess ^^ ^j^^ ^^-^ Provided «Jm.y», nevertheless f;f;'^i^'i,'^"XX b«^^ tSat it be left to the University shall be expended for any such P^^^^^^ j^^ ^^^ j^^li^i 1„. Authorities of each I>«P"™>"'^*'°"^^.:SJtheS University, or members thereof ; struction o^i^s^wn adherents a ten^^^^^^^^ extend, or be cou- andprovidedalso. .^onrf/v, thatnotlnngnerem^^^^ Statute, or otherwise, to strued to extend, to ^{"P^^fJ f ^^ o? sS a^^ "«"??'" S^l^t.Ts^Sg'Scuir^^^^^^^^^ to any Degree in the said Uni- versity, or otherwise howsoever. declared and enacted by the II. And, for the like reason >ti8 hereby urther deciar j^^^^^ft^, shall authority aforesaid that »' hath been, now «• »^^ »W ,„d Royal Grammar continue to be f«\ly <=o"^P«^«"tAv Statute either CoHoi^^^^ S'^^^ ': .hltpte.TrkeYy:S^^^^^^^ ^- theUkepurpcs ^d^ect to the?ike'limitations and restrictions. ^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ III. And be it enacted, M rj.f ^^;;er^ ^3 TM^r^ «"^«« ^"^^ « liament contoiixed, n.tve members of the Senate of t/i^ mm tZ^m thereof for the de^tch of b^ness. , ,i for the Caput of the "^ lY. ^„.6eite.i«.i«^, that it ah^l at alU-^^^^ t^^S-^^ii^creOeTwLt^^^^^^^^^^ of the said Act. to report ('Iia|). II. Kr)U(;ATIONAL ACTH I'AHHEI) HY THE LKCUHLATUKE OF CANADA. 51 niH.. Mio nmnoi of »nv men of U;«tinBuiM.od literary, or wnentiflo, reputations "f Hni„.,„t ,„«« «l,nH.. uocoH.K.n t<, ««oli Olmir would, in fh«ir opinion, he an nc.,ui«ition to the pub *"';-r"Ar 1... . imnio or of the I niver.ity a. a Heat of L«arninK. and who thLy have ai,o«rtainod, i;:.!'. ,"u. h^ '' or ImvoroaHont,, believe, w.,uld accept of. uoh. if offored to then.; and, thereupon ••<■ ."nnrrlh; ..- S.„mte of the Ha d IFnivormty, if they .hall concur in that part of the Jteport o '",Z'I;:.::T('' 11.0 H..^ G'aput, .hall report the namo« of «uch I'„r.onH, or of' tho.e of thorn, with ^^HauuI^A' nm|..,ct to whonj they .ha I no concur with the Caput, to the Governor <.f the Pr(.- •''"'":" "'"•• ''^'t J', fv t'Tf'I ^ho three Oandi-lato. ro.iuireA U, bo tran.mitted to him by the '""""■ BHi.l Iwonty KourthSootionof the Haul Act, and. in evorv .uch oa.e. itHhallfand ,MH,v, 1.0 iHwfnl for the (J..vornor .f he .hall doom it expo/ient .o to do. to «p ,oint uny ..no of th..«« I'ormmH to .uch Chai: , who may be willing to accept tloroof. nmloml of appointmu to tho aamo any oi the throo Oandidatoi, wh..«o i amo. Hhal l.Hvo boon so tran.nHtted to hnu, an aforowid, anythinK in the .aid Twenty Fourth Section of the .aid Act to the cemtrary notwith.tan.linK. y. An,l he Hf.m,cM,Thnt it nhall, and may, bo lawful for Her Majenty, from ?'*".',."':"'^" '""' time to timo by LottorH 'atont. under the (irj. Heal of tho Province, to inJ i u i S I. lij'J"" cBfibuh and endow Huch, ami ho many, Uouiu. ProfeworHhip. in any of thV''^ ";««;;!: Jao.ilt,,o|i of the aaid U..ivor«ity, a. She Hhall think fit, and, fn,m time to timo bv ,^''"'';»"r"'*"' r^ottors Patent, under tho Oroat Hoal of the Province to appoint Homo tit a 1 pro'^ nUo "hlj^'- por orHon t(. .uch licgim Pr<.fo..orHhin ; and to every nniu ProfoHHornhip, and to tho IW.on who Hhall H.i he. amo,HhalfbolonK all and .ingular, the like rightH poworH and pnvi egoH which shall be attached to. or bo vente^d in, the other PrC BorHlupH and ProfoBsor. of tho .aid Univer.ity roHpectively : Provided alwaya, FirHtly, That no .uch Kegiu. ProfoHHorHhip [or Lecture.hip.l ProvliK,. Hhall 1)0 80 niHtitutod without an endowment, either by charge on the oublic Pro ^" '''■>"''>" n.ent vmcal Revonue or bv invoHted capital in Land, or other Property, not St the time '''"""""'• fonnmgany partof tfje property of tho .aid University, but Hutficient to Hocure ?o ho ho dor thereof an incnie equal, at leaat, to that of tho HmalloHt nalary asHigned by i'tatute of tho .aid Univer.ity to any of the Chair, on tho foundation thorSm the fame Kaoultv to which auch Regiu. ProfcMorship may bo attached, or unloii such Halary nhall have been voted amongnt the other annual votoH for e.lucat" nal p mp..Hos upon the Est.matoH .ont down to Parliament by the (.'rown ; and provided '''"vlno alHo, .Serondly, That every .uch Regiu. Profe.Hor.hip and RogiuH Profe.Bor HhaU be mtv^t "/. r/; TT^n' '^f SUtutoH Rules and Ordinance, of tho Haid Univer i'rorc..or hu... Bity, and he entiUed to all and nminlar the Hume rvjhtu, power» and prmleges, a. anv ^"''^ '^' "•""»• other Profe88or.hip. or ProfesHor. in the iame ; and Provided, also TlZdlv Thit l'rovl««. a« tho appointment to all .uch Chair, .hall be made by the Crown of it. mere motioS l^>^'''^e.t''{o .,c and during its pleasure, without the necessity of any Report from the Cannt ,.r """}<"'"^r urS'si?;. ^'""''^ "''^ "'p«'=* "" '''' ^^^'^ on^he7oldatL of tZ .;idrn;;';.u7^;i"^ tinTAo ni ''k ^VT*"^'J^V*^ "^.*"' "^^ '""y' ^« '»^^»l f°' H«r Majesty, from The Crown may £?.S !',i^u°"l" Patent, under the Great Seal of the Province, to found '"l'^"'" »"" n titute, establish and endow such and .o many Lecture.hip8, Fellowship., Scholar h''" ,7 '^''-'*"'"-" hp.s, Exhibition., Pnze. and other Rewards in the said University as She shall ' tluuk ht, and to prescnbe, m such Letter. Patent, all .uch Rules and Regulations BhiL SI^k"^ P«T?' ^Z ^he^appointing to, and conferring of, such Lecture- Bhips, Fellowships. SoliolarBhips. Exiiibition., Prizes and other Rewards, all which Rules and RegulHtions the Authorities of the said Univer.ity are hereby req^Sed to observe and give effect to, as, in the said Letters Patent, shall be directed VII. And be it enacted, That it shall and may be lawful for anv Der.on pX«r\*'"^r Hi'i^.o'^ corporate, whomsoever, to found sucranZo^man;; other iw£ rwK'^'Pn' F«"T'^'P"'u^°^"^''"^'P«' Exhibitions, Prizes a7d other Kewards, in the s^id University, as they may think proper, bv providing a Buthcient endowment in Land, or other Property, and coiiveySig the same to the ?S":^^a'\^'^'''' ""'^ ^'^''^'''l ^'^ '^' ""^^ Uni/e'rsity, in tr/sXlhe Tail pur! tfiZ',." iil!f"P°"\l"'"^ ''"*^ ^.^^'^"u" ^**«°*^ '"^""^ ^^^ Crown, instituting, estab- lishitig, and endowing the same with the Property so provided for that purpose as \t'^r^: '" ■* I '^h'ch Letters Patent shall be set forth such Rules and dation" iBhi,.«"sS" l"^ «"^ conterring of such Professorships, Lectureships, 'Fellow: E h ;),. "u '^*' ^"c'T' 5T -^^^"^ Rewards, as the respective Foundera thereof hH R.r^^'f r 1 *.^^ ^'"^u""' ^^'*" '^'"'^ ^' t° P"«"ibe for thatTurpose, a U ■etu ^/nnK"'*^"^"]**?^"'^^^ Authorities of the said University are hereby e uiied to observe and give effect to, as, in the said Letter. Patent, shall, be direc- Private parties and Corpora- tions may found and endow I'rofessorships, and Lecture- ships, and sue out Letters Patents estab- lishing the same f * > |. If' 52 DOrM' ENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. Proviso : »uoh ProfcHwrshliw not to ({ive a seat in the Senate. 8« l„„nd.lion .UU .ntitle *« ij^'/^t ^Tid Un ,.rS, „r other .h.™ in the go.»,.- bring, to .nyK.tm the Senate ot the ».d^^^^^ p,,^,^^ „ j, ^ri';'.rS!iS"'.t = 'K«rrvr"?L r-«a^Sa. or *n<..or,-,.>, .0 t. provide, determine and direct, how many, an^^^^ ^ despatch of buBiness . has. tv rttl- m ^tpi; luno, by a^y auch Statute, be S^S'ef cS of less than nine Member, o .uch Senate ^„^ co7tetn inserted m this Act. ^^^^^ IX. And he \^^'-^^"bV;ruXo?fttipi;i^^^ Grammar School, and to none others. X. A.ul be it enacted, That all sums of mon^^^^^^^^^^^ said University for or on «=count o^ Oie said College^^ ^^^ y^ Parliament, and all at any time since the Royal Assent was gi e ^^^^^ ^^^ gj^^n to debts of what nature or K^A'^J^Xe lU iSyal Gram^^^ School, or in which such the said Act, due to the said go"«8f *"f .JT^ '^ at any time after, beneficially m- College and Royal Grammar School J^" f ^^^jj^J *\;%„d collectable by. the Pru,. terestod. shall be deemed and taken *« b« «'^*''^Xg- and Royal Grammar School. cip^l. Masters and Scholars of Upper Canada Co^^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ in the same manner «« ^h^'^^j'*" '"f.^'^"^^^^^^^ said Act, are thereby declared J? ^e rji^erable^^ ^^^^ shall, or may Grammar School. ^NNO TEET.O LECmO ET QUAR^i^ii^^^i^VIOTORI^ KEOm^: CAPUT XCI .» AC ,0 P.OV.O. ro.^i-^^^Zn^^rs.^^r^^^'^'^T.x^^' "" '" "yo."°>rTrv/J oS tCs.,.1, EtoHT Hc»D«.u *»n «,a«.m».. p™„.,. . W,..B..B in ,nd ^y„«">«'Sli;,2S».rAo°tt 'tiuetS^™^^^^^^ 4 and 6 Victoria, ^f fler Majesty's Reign, and mtituiea .An ao ^ ^ .^ ^.j^^^ chaptenM84i. f:,7he appropriation of the ^^^i^^T^la a^^^^^^ part of the P'ovmce formerly UpjperC^^^^^^ P ^^^ j.^i^^ , . An by an Act passed m the Ninth ^^ear ot ner -J J .^ ^^ appropriation of moneys 9 Victoria, .hap. Act to amend the Act therein ™«"^ °7„^'J"^^^^^^^ was, amongst other ter 19, 1846. ^^rived from the sale of School I^^ds J ^^"j Jj^j^, t^^ Governor in Council f. things, in effect enacted, That ^ "Jjould be l«^JJ^'°%ioo,) per annum for each authorize a sum not «°««^«».«.?"« """ttlw the School linds in the said tirst j e„v,««l mat of the moneys arising from the sale or wieo ^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ for Grammar I above "ted Act mentioned^ to be p^^a t^^^^^^ — — .jt^^ other! Schools in any District m Upper Canwla, tor tne ^.^^^ .^ ^own KhiroVxr^sfc Juoruni of enate may »)« tixed by Statute (Omitted) Emitted Swtion) Section 12 of the Act of 1849 not to be affected. Third proviso of Sec. 58 of Act of 1849 to au- Sly to certain tatuteg of U. 0. College. Certain monevB to be receivable and collectable by the author- ities of U.C. College, under sec. 77 of the Act of 1849, Subject to certain deductions FOR Case recited. — r~ „„. Kr >;« nt the Fourth Volinne of this Documentary ;?hl^s fct 1^ Cr\^rp%^e%1ofthlKvolun,e .this History. History. The Eabl of riw©. II. KDUCATIONAL ACTl PAMID BY TICE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 53 Provlglonal Oranl to three Uramniar Schools. I^Hi than 80 Scholan. *mt« mmtkipfnt^ a •uitable School House, at which not lean than thirty soholara should m •dHO»fc«d, provitletl that any auch additional School should not bo within six miles of the District Town ; and provided also, that nothing in the said first above cited Act should prevent the Oovemor-in-Counoil from extendinK auch aid to four Grammar Schools, (including the said two,) other than the one established 111 the District Town, should it be deemed expedient. And WUBBEA8 His Excellency the Governor Oeneral-in Council did, on The Twenty-ninth day of November, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-eiffht authorize the Board of Trustees for Grammar Schools in the Home District to nro- po80 a grant for Seventy-five pounds, (£75, ) to each of the Villages of Stre'etsviUe. Whitby u.d Newmarket, withm the said District, being distant respectively, more than SIX miles fron-. Toronto, the District Town, for aiding to support Masters of Grammar Schools, provided such Masters should be established in Buildings ner- manently appropnated to such Schools during the year One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-nine : " And whbrbas such a Master was established in each of the said Villages in a Bmldiiig permanently appropriated to such a School, during the year One Thousand tjistht Hundred and Forty-nine ; but, owing to the number of Scholars educated at each of the said Schools, during the said year, having been less than thirty the above mentioned sums of Seventy- five pounds, (£75,) cannot lawfully be piid to the said Board of Trustees for the use and support of the said Schools, but it is iust and right, under the circumstonces of the case, to enable The Governor Generai-in- Council to authorize the payment thereof : Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, constituted and assembled by virtue of, and under the authonty of an Act passed in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and intituled : "An Act to Re-unite the Provinces of Uppfr and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada," and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same,— That it shall, and may, be lawful f„r the Governor /iCR^'t : r'lu*''' *° authorize a sum of Two Hundred and Twenty-five pounds, (£226,) out of the moneys arising from the sale of the School Lands in the said first above cited Act mentioned to be paid to tho Board of Trustees for Grammar Schools, in the County of York, for the use and support of the three additional tiranimar Schools above mentioned, for the year One Thor'sand Eight Hun 'red and Forty-nine»; any thing in th« said Acts, or in any oth ^r Act, or law, to the contrary thereof, in any wise, notwithstanding. . , vuo ANNO TERTIO-DECIMOET QUARTO-DECIMO: VICTORI.^ REGIN^ CAPUT OXFJIL ,» . . £ Act of 1840. Governor In Council may authorize pay- ment of £226. An Act to authorizb thb Removal OF Victoria Coli-eob from Coboukg OF THE Site TO Toronto. Thb Eabl of Elgin and Kincabdinb. Govbbnob General op Bbitish North AjiBhicA. Passed on the 10th of August, 1850 fullnilforvrnj*" ^* P ^^" represented to this Legislature that the obj. ots and use- Preamble, fullness of Victoria College would be greatly promoted by the Site of the said Col- lege being removed from the Town of Cobourg, or its vicinity, to the City of Toronto or Its vicinity, * wfWK " ™«Risi'ORB ENACTED by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, constituted and assembled b- virtuf o and CrZl Jf« "."^^^'o^V "/ ""^ Act passed in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of anHl nl n *"*i Jf'-^'a^d intituled : " An Act to re-unite the Provinces of Upper {X'^'^ """^ *" bftheZL'rof'^thelme-^ ^^^""'"^'^^ ^' '*"'^^'''" «"^ '' '« '^^"'^^ ^^'^^^ fh. P.iT^** •'* ^^*" "." o l"*y ^^ ^^^""^ ^^' "'« ^'"»'^Ollege Act of IfUi inZ^ llKrA^°^°"'"«' °'* '^ ^•''^"•*y' *° ^^^ ^'^y of Toronto, or its vicinity, ^^'°'''''- Ttt, !Sf *'^'5^ !»™« »^ o"^ »«"' the said City of Toronto, and all the provision; ^ , , ^ , full forc^'anmi^'' °f '^.^'^^-T^S?* this Province, shall be and Remain ?n l^^'Holt^n?" hev hlvt' l^t , t "^H ^ ^^^^ T^ College at, or near, the City of Toronto, as authorized. Town of Cob *^^ "'''' *PP^^ *° ^^^ '"•* ^°"'8e at or near the 64 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATIOfJ IN UPPER CANADA. 1860 If. CHAPTER 111. THE HONOURABLE FRANCIS HINCKS' TEST OF PUBLIC OPINION. IN REGARD TO THE COMMON SCHOOL ACTS OF J 846. 1847 AND 1849. At the suggeBtion of the Reveren.l Doctor Ryerson. the Baldwin Governn.ent decided to suspend the op ration of the Camei-on Common School Act of 1849. To the Honourable Francis Hincks, Inspector General, was assigned the duty by the Government, of sub.i.itting a new School Bill, to the Legislature. Before doing so he addressed a Circular Letter, dated the 9th of January, 1850. to the County Common Sclmol Superintendents, to Teachers and other, in Upper Canada, asking their opinion ua the general subject of School Legislation and particu- larly in regard to the operaticm of the School Acts of 1846. 1847 and that of 1«49 . On receiving the replies to his Circular, Mr. Hincks sent them to Doctor Ryer n, for his information, and as suggestions to aid him in the preparation of the School Bill of l860.-which the Inspector General proposed to take charge ot in the House of Assembly. I have reproduced here all the more important and suggestive replies to his Circular, which were received by Mr. Hincks. For the greater convenience in the classification of these replies I have divided them into four groups, or parts^ Part I includes the replies received from County School Superintendents ; Part 1. those received from Teachers and Teachers' Associatioi.s ; Part III includes the Letters on the subject received from private parties, to whom Mr. Hincks had sent his Circular. All irrelevant and extraneous matter has been omitted from these replies. GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE ON THE COMMON SCHOOL ACT. WITH SUGGES- TIONS AS TO A NEW SCHOOL BILL, 1850. PART I. REMARKS AND SUGGESTIONS BY COUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS. rl SaO0E.STIOK9 AS TO A PROPOSED CoMMON SCHOOL BiLL. 1850. Bv Mb. JaMES HaLL, M.P.P. [I. &aGGiaTio.8 ^^^ ^^^ County of Petkkborough. ] 1. Constitute a County Board, to consist of (say) seven Members,-four chosen by the County Council, three appointed by the Government. r, ^-c * ,i to be also County Superintendent of Schools. lo oe aiso y,^ y v ^ _ S-hoola >^^. least four times a year ; to appoint K^l'Sh?^t?ioSv:Mi".tlTr„ir'Tor.hVor county, T„^^^^ make reports, as provided in the present Act. III. The R Chap III. PUBLIC OPINION ON COMMON SCHOOL ACTS or 1846. '47 '49. M r.^,f''.t!^^^h'^f''^Il! V>u<.V..-To pr.,vi,ll« for iho wai.t. of tl.o 8cho.,l H..imo i>y a ratcn t».e pro- perty in the Hchool Section ; to Bee that the Ma.ter faithfully performH hiii duties ; to report to Seo- rctary-HupenrituiMietit all obHcrvable faults. l^n-vjoeu 4. TrtyurerHo/ School ^/o««.v« :-To receive all School nioneyH from the Govern men t, or other- wist ; and to pay tlie Hchool Maiiters on the oriler of the Secretary Superintendent. a TotmiMhip Council i-To hol.l all 8. I1..0I property ; to provide for the building and repairing of .School HouscH by a rate on the property or the School Section. !'«"""« "i «• 0^ne,-al School Rate. luHtead of a Hatt-UiU School a small (|uarterly fee. ■ 7. Grammar Schools to be under the control of the Board, and to be subject to the same Regula- tionH as other Schools.] ° II. Tub Revekknd Charles Fletcher. Goderich, with the Views of KxPERiENfED Pbhsonb ON hOHOOL MaTTI-KS. .^iU^l^'f^^i'^u'^^I'V}^'^'''^''^, '"""^ ** possiKeJ of , .'801.8 experienced i.i School matters, upon the School Bill of 1849, so that my stateme t s.,i^ht n ■ be a mere declaration of my own inaivuiual opinions — •' 2. I think the establishing of County Boards of £.li.-atiou, :. the room of one Central Board at Toronto. IS a great improvement. A Central Board, at . • or:-^. must make h considerably extende.l liHt of lext BookB to meet the wants of Schools in every :iriety of circumstances. This list will be no Hufficient index to those, who would be inclined to purchase -tocks of Books for tlw supply of Schools. This evil has already been experienced in the united CoiMiMes of Huron, and elsewhere,' not only have parents been reluctant to purchase new School Books of the proper kind, but, in thone cases S"^T.lwrr« T ^T^' '^"'"■^ t« h-ivo the most approved Text Books and Apparatus, the question has ken always out, where can we hnd those Books, etcetera t We cannot send to Toronto, or Hamilton, for them and the dec aration of the Store-keepers is, that they cannot afford to purchase a stock from 80 extended a list, as that required, as indicated, because a large proportion of these Books miRht be ett upon their hands I have no sympathy with the fear, that the action of County Boards would, wl. ^T^' • fl " the uniformity necessary to the efficient carrying out of the Normal School ^.^r f fl ? '"fl"«n«« «f that Institution on the minds of all the feachers, trained at it, is in .1 ^ T "i ""^ ^^l ^"""^ ^°^^* ""^'^ ^^*""«- ^'" ^« «0"g»>t for, so that that influence will liberalft"" rendered subservient to the interests of Education, by every man of intelligence and nmolSiw' J» wif "™'"^*^ l^i /^Tri"'"? P*""* °*, ^^'^ ^^^^^^' *« '* deals theoretically, rather than practically, with the powers of School Teachers, and other matters.) i III. The Reverend W. H. Landon, County School Superintendent, Woodstock. -Loans FOR Building School Houses. mnnJvT" k'^i^*'''°""°T^ that the several Boards of School Trustees shall be empowered to borrow SI TK ^ ^' or exchange, School Houses and Teachers' Residences in their School Sections respec- ti velj . 1 he advantages of such a provision will, I trust, be sufficiently obvious. n,0H7np!«!«L^ comfortable and substantial Building for a country School, and to furnish it with the Thu r vf ^ ."^ T^ n"*^ aopendages will cost, , „ the average. aboutOne Hundred pounds, (£100.) 1 L. vil V .^n.T.r ' f^^^'^^r •" * '°""^7 ^.°'*'?"' '^"^•""" >" ^ «*"gl« year will, iu many cases, bear too am hPv^rn!?anP^?K ■ T''' "°"'^'i!J^"*'y'^^^^ is, seldom that they can be induced to submit to it : and they generally, therefore, expend on their School Buildings only about half that amount The ZZTT '«;.^^* «'««* ^ the country School Houses are inconvenient and ill-adapted for the K Z thr; t? '^7rr "J*""''"^' . ^T'^^''u'^7, ^'^ '^^^^^^y P"*^ together, an.l so ?rail in their min.d ^,' i additional amount which shoufd have been expended upon them at first, is re- ilab.tabie. ^ ^^*''' '" ' °* '^P*''^' '" ""^^^"^ ^ ^^^P *^«™ '" ^ ^^^^ ** *" But if Trustees could be authorized to borrow monev, as )iPr« nmnno^H it is Mie\'ed that a pa d'off r f wplvp"'^'"^' "^""^^ generally be decided on. To raise a fiun^r^f pounds""by loan, t^ be Eoner s'Lirin ^^^'^' would Tbe comparatively speaking, but a light affair even for the new and KbSnl^f Tl. ''''^ in those which are more wealthy the people would be encouraged to ertct ^"l^ings of a better and still more expensive description. In many, if not most, placed, too, th. i ■', .'^f fT P ■ 'P'^l^^u ">d|,"'^"«;l« would be found who would build these edifices and receive uin. ._y as the money would be collected under the operations of the By-law. f 66 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 ,?'*. SUPBRINTENDEXT : iust been read. In amendment it was :— rc,mmnn School Act, read by the School Superm- """'Xselecl Comn,ltt.e to whom »» »forr^ .ho Leiio, o. .ho School Sup,ri.«ndoo. reported to the Council as follows :— „f„„^ tVi« Rpnort of the late Superintendent of Common SohJl'.Vir SXrB,Sr.XS S'tS:t.'^.««.li"" ^ .h.-pre..nt common Schoo. *°\':rhX3:,:.d .ho Booort „,e,pd .^^^^^^^^ r£x«'^^".rx^;^hX"=j--»"^^^^^^^^^ ,V TH. lUvKH-HB WUXIAM ClXBK., SoHOO.- S™».KT,..»«T 0, TH« CoOKTV O, NOKWV.. ON THE Cameron School Act of 1849. You have done well - -solving to - n^,^^^^^^^^^^^ S"sa"tfs=on raU^paSefhlTe! •"T:r::tt'=rc:.s^^^^^^ por«.ra ro.idmg in their own Tow™hlI». '"f «J«° "° ;5S^y„7t" orVwn.hip, Superintend.,.1. but also a particular local knowledge of School mailers in tne ^^.^ ^^ ^^^^^^^ . =tlMX^=^^^?^^-^^^^ , .. ... he a Jersons froTaccepting the o^e of Local Superintendent. The Writer of this Letter Sug. .sts Some Amendments in the Act of 1846. I have had a good deal of exper^nce - the Superin^^^^^^^ ^ District for the past six years ; and I am happy to ^estuy t^ ^^^^ contributed very much o efficient Provincial superintendence ?**5«.7;?J^'^'''rtof the Country. To that gentleman Canada the advancement of the educational merestsc^^^^^^ Act; upon the whole, is regarde.l West is much indebted for bis able and unU^^^^^^^^^ alone.". Let such additions b- with very general favour. May - -V ;"r;,j"i;„ sound iudcment and practical expenoncc. ifacii.<.Rt l^^^^V\i^^::^i^'^^p-^ by the^ continual changes which ar. cafculated only to perplex and distract the pubhc niincL ^^^^ ^ If the Free School System can ^? ""'^^^^^"VS Se^^^^^^ families of small means may tion of the School Fund as would aid the poor ^"V^^f ^^'^''Jrovision of admitting gratuitous pupils be found scattered in all the School Sections, ani. ine wi^. p Chap. III. PUBLIC OPINION ON COMMON SCHOOL ACTS OF 1846, '47,-'4fl. 57 may very properly be continued. There is generally some forfeited School Money in the hands of the Superintendents, which might be disbursed at their discretion in aid of the poor and small Sections, as indeed is now the case, under the direction of the Chief Superintendent of Education. I would respectfully submit that the provision of School Visitors be continued. The fact that all Clergymen, Magistrates and Municipal Councillors are legalized School Visitors gives them not only a right, but lays them under some obligation, to give their countenance and counsels to the Schools in their immediate vicinity, which cannot but prove advantageous to both Teachers and Schools, while it is very acceptable and gratifying to the people. This provision has been productive of good during the past three years, and its omission in the Cameron School Act is a cause of just and reasonable complaint. The Normal School is producing a vast amount of good by improving the qualifications and raising the standard of our Teachers, and I would strongly urge that everj'thing should be done to sustain and strengthen that important Institution. For this reason I would much prefer that the control over School Books should be vested in a Central Board of Education at Toronto, and not in County Boards of Education, as, in the latter case, there would originate a diversity and confusion which would pre- vent advancement and destroy efficiency. P.S. The foregoing Letter, I have by request, read to Doctor Grouse, the Warden of this County, and he desr'res me to present his compliments to you, and to say that he fuUj' coincides with the views it contains, and he, therefore, deems it unnecessary, except in this form, to reply to your Conmmnication. W.C. V. Mr. Alexander Allan, School Superintendent, County of Waterloo. Every person I have spoken to, on the subject, is decidedly in favour o the control of the School Books being lodged in the Provincial Central Board at Toronto, not only fo; the sake of uniformity in the system, but f-om the characters of the individual members of thi Hoard, whose qualifications would be known to Members of the Administration. (Note. — Mr. Allan next proceeds to criticise in detail the Cameron Sci-ool Act of 1849 ; but, as that Act never went into operation, these criticisms were found to be of no pr&ctical avail in construct- ing the new Act of 1850) VI. Mr. p. Thornton, School Superintendent, Gore District — His School Act Criticisms. I approve of the general principles of the Cameron Act of 1849, though I dislike some of its details. . . . Concerning the selection of Text Books, I would decidedly prefer the choice being vested in the Central Board. It will be more efficient, and tend more to a uniformity of system. It may, in some instances, prevent emulation in the way of improving Text Books, but that will be more tisan overbalanced by uniformity, which is of great consequence in a Country, where there is 80 muoh moving from place to place. I have felt the effect of divided attention, caused by school law Legislation for the last three years. Three years of the District Superintendent's labours did more in 1844, 1845 and 1846 than could have been done in five or six years by this last Act of 1849. The County School Superintendent would be left, as he should be, to devote his undivided atten- tion to the advancfiment of education. Such Superintendents should all be practical men, and every one of them should have a Model School under his control, to which no Teacher shouid be appointed without his sanction. He could then say to the Teachers under his superintendence " Come and see," instead of having to do all by precept, as hitherto. The efieet of this want I felt practically ere I was a Superintendent, when 1 was President of a Society ot Teachers for improving education. Give me a manageable School Circuit and the charge of a Model School in it, as here proposed, and I am ready to pledge ray honour, that I shall produce more efficient Teachers without being any burden nn the public funds than is produced by the present expensive Normal School system. Township Superintendents, as was proposed in the Act of 1849, would never work out an improved system of Education. To uiiis the Township Councils are giving ample proof. Men are being appointed to the Office of Township Superintendent, who are much inferior t« the Teachers to be superintended. Two points rule the elections, — convenience and cheapness. No individual, or Board, should be allowed to interfere furt,her with a School than to advise gen- eral Rules "^nd Regulations. The internal discipline of the School is the sacred right of the Teacher. The Local Snperintenaants of Schools should be the only persons allowed to give Certificates of Qualifications, or a County Board, of which the County Sup«riiiteudeut shouid be a Member, and without which County Boards will be worse than useless. Without the powar of certifying and annulling Certificates of Qualification no Superiiiten Isnt c '.n be fully efficient. lit has no power over the Teachers, — is reduced to the character of a spy, merely to report what he sees ai">d hears. I know too well the working of the old District School Board's to place &ny confidence in such a mode of qualifying Teachers. They may, however, be made useful appendages to the Superintendency. ' i| 68 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 after having been educated at the pubhc expense. Criticism on the Provincial Normal School, as Managed. I would now turn to the principal object of this Communication.-naraely to make some observa- tions with regard to the Normal School. m„.„,o1 I think that all who wish to see an improved ^^'em of juvenile tra.nmg J^'W/XlL ^i'. -^ t^^^^ School is necessary. But it is to my mind eoually f.^^^ that ^he one ^« ^^^« ^^^^^^j^t^^ course at present followed must fail in producing the desired effect. .^^ P^^*" ,'^j '^P^^or a business as it induces improper persons to enter the profession by hiring them to take e^^^^^^^^ bus for which they have no inclination farther than to get a piece of bread. ^^ is unjust, lo ^"^ ^ / n gineral, an^d to Teachers, ir particular, inasmuch as ^^^e PuWic "J^'^y^^ ^^^^^^ of Tboarding and educating persons, many of whom ^arej^ot for the >™ and^^^^^^ i profession, any more than for the othar learned professions. asArp:s.r.&K:?^«TfS/x«:s^ be content with superficial views of the most important subjects . . . • It is generally more easy to find faults than to B"Sge«t /eddies. How i. the m^^^^^^ amended? The answer to this question will depend upon what *»»« ^omal Schoo is to Jo-^s ^^ ^th to educate and train Teachers, or merely to tram to *"« ^^i^n'^^ *"f, ^A^J^^^f .^^^^^ Teaching and of School Economy. ,,„ ,. xu It would be the business of the Professor to lecture on the Science and A'-t°J teaching, -go with his Students to the Model School, supervise their practical operations, and criticize them on his return to the lecture room. .,,«.. j j „„ Thfi Model School should be one of the Common Schools in the City, suitably fitted up and so etoetera. VII. The Reverend John Climie, School Superintendent, Township of Darlington.-Criticism. In regard to the proposed Bill of this year on the .Common Schools, now before t^^^^^ up of this Bill, consequently my remarks on it will not be felt by you to be persona . (Note. -Here follows a series of anticipated verbal criticisms on details of the School Bill of 1850) Thfl.vP inot returned from visiting the Schools in this Township of Darlington, and have been renelt^lyiCred tS the Tru tees Ld Schools had not been visite^for ^i'^y^'^rs before I paid them r^fsi^^o coSetely ignorant were the former Township Superintendent^of the state^of ^the Sc^^^^^^^^ that I could not find" any document, or lepoil, that coniaincu any i«iur...at.OM '^-^S"'-;-^^"^ ••"-™ abouts of the School., /had, therefore, to^ find out where tl^«St°isT the "rust es and heJrd could 1 found a ijreat deal of carelessness manifested about the Schools by the 1 ™«^ees, ana neara many complaints from the Teachers, and I feel satisfied that, without Township Superintendents, who • Mr Thornton here refer, to the arrangement,. by which Students of the Normal School received one dollar a week, towards paying the expenses of their board and lodging. Chap. III. PUBLIC OPINION ON COMMON SCHOOL ACTS OF 1846, 47,-49. 59 shall visit four times a year, and visit faithfully, li'.,tle good will be effected by any other kind of over- sight. And as for " School Visitors," (as the Bill before the House now provides), they are worse than nothing (sic), as this provision blinds people, who have not an opportunity of seeing how it works in the Country. I have not heard a single individual speak who is opposed to the Township Superinten- dents. Many are opposed to all other kinds of Superintendents. Whatever you do, I would suggest that you give the Township Councils power to appoint Town- ship Superintendents, if they see fit to do so, leaving to the County Municipal Councils the power to appoint one, or more, over all the Townships whose Councils may have neglected to do so. I cannot help thinking Doctor Ryerson is opposed to Township Superintendents for the following reasons : — 1. He wishes to have all the power he can have over the Schools, without local interference. 2. He knows that Clergymen generally are appointed to the office, and that Methodist Ministers cannot act as Local Superintendents, on account of their itinerating arrangements* . . . In Cities and Townd, perhaps, some Clergymen may visit Schools. Doctor Ryer ion may write aa he pleases about the visits of Clergymen, and tell us now many visits the Schools of the Province enjoyed, under the old Act of 1846, from them f- . . But how many of these Clergymen mounted their horses, and scoured the Townships, and sat and examined for two or three hours, in each of the Schools in the Township to which they had the honour of ministering in holy things. I have already told you that the most of the Schools in this Township have not been visited by anyone lawfully ap- pointed for six years before the present one . . . Finally, in a few words, I may say that my opposition to a great pare of the present Bill now be- fore the House, ia caused hy my attachment to principles that we have long laboured to establish in this Province. The difference between centralizing power, and power extended to the people, consti- tutes the difference between my views of what a School Bill should be, and what this one is. In other words, we want local ' 'Responsible Go-, ?rnment" in Schools. Let the Township Councils be the Execu- tive of the School Law, as fa as local matters are concerned. Let us have local control in all matters, except what is necessary to give to the County Municipal Councils, and everything will work well. The " Chief," (if there is still to be one,) should not be allowed to interfere with local matters at all, except for securing Annual Reports fo' the Provincial Government, that so they may have a full ac- count of every matter in which they are interested, as Stewards for the Province. For, if care is not taken to secure local independence, as far as is consistent with united Provincial effort, there will be more trouble in the Country hereafter than ever yet has been about any School Bill since Canada legislated on the subject. You must know that a great many of your ' st friends feel sore at Doctor Ryerson's connection with the Common Schools, and if this Bill i . u-. ; it now stands, they will be apt to suspect that he has power over the Government. J VIII. The Reverend James Baird, ex Township Superintendent of Schoom in the Newcastle District. — Views of Experienced Persons. I have availed myself of every opportunity of ascertaining the opinion of intelligent School Trus- tees, Teachers and persons interested in the educational improvement of the Province. All with whom I have conversed, with one exception, disapprove of the repealing, by the Cameron Act of 1849, of those Sections of the late School Act of 1846, which p.-ovided for the appointment of Town and City Boards of School Trustees. They think that the business of the several Schools in a Town, or City, can be managed more efiSciently, and with less trouble, by a General Board than by the separate cor- porations of Trustees in the several School divisions of a City, or Town. With regard to the County Boards for the examination and licensing of School Teachers, I have been particular in my enquiries. They are generally approved of. They have expressed the most qualified approval of all the provisions in reference to the examining of Teachers, and the giving and annulling of Certificates of Qualification, as it would be beneficial, if the Boards act properly, in rais- ing the standard of qualification for teaching. It must be admitted that, under the Act of 1846, some persons disqualified, and many very poorly qualified, obtained Certificates from School Visitors and even from Superintendents. It is not such a delicate matter for a Board of seven persons to refuse a Certificate, as for an individual to do so. Some, however, have expressed a fear lest the selection of Text Books by the local Boards should interfere with the uniform operation of the Normal School. I presume it is admitted that, however well a Teacher understands the branches of education which he professes to teach, he teaches more efiSciently and comfortably from the Text Books which he him- self has studied. I am certain it would be better for all parties were there a uniformity in reference to good Text Books throughout the Province. Under the late Act of 1846, Superintendents of Schools w ere considered to have a discretionary power to make grants to poor Sections, over and above their Icjgal apportionment. The District Council allowed me tlie power to make grants to such Sections, to the amount of Five pounds (£5,) each, out of the balance of School moneys in my hand. * An opposite opinion to this is given by the Reverend William McCulIouKh, a Metliodist Minister, in his Letter on t This information is given In full on page 285 of the Eighth Volume of this Docu nentary History. The influence of tliese visits is referred to on page 278 of the same Volume. . J In this connection, it will be interesting to read what the Honourable Francis Hincks said in the Hous3 of Assembly in July, 1860, on the then " Relations of the Government to Doctor Ryerson," as given on page 14 of this Volume. 60 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 The appointment of Township Superintendents is generally approved "J- ^^ «"***j^?,Pf„^«°^^^^^^^^^ nointed Tfor one though I have lost my office by the new arrangement, approve of it, in preference Tfalse report of the number of children and days they have attended School, as a P"ncip e fo^ ""^ ""P^ conviction apart from all political bias. IX. Captain Benjamin Hayteb, Schooi. Supebintbndknt of the Newcastle District. School Book Contkol Qdestion. I beg to state briefly mv view of the working of the late School Act of i846. Some differences of opi;ion naturally existed in the early part of 1847^ EK^' sfnce'in reT i„ tKo tJnVinnl law • hilt, T oan uositivelv affirm that general satisfaction has existed ever since in rem ^n^SSr^ighouUhTl^^^^^^^^ gard to particular clauses whichlrequire amendment, and which, as I ""«i^| '^ ^^l^f ^S the prevailing force of feeli*ng, is in favour of a distribution of the power over School Bopks-l think it right howlver to state, that a frequent change in the principal machinery of the School Law is norSLlIed to produce 'benefit, for^I find on 111 sides, a desfre, that the system now established, should be allowed to continue as long as possible, without great changes m the Law. XI. Mr. William Hiitton. Copnty of Victoria School Scperintendent.-Central Board's Control of School Books. -Suggestions as to the School Bill of 1850. I am in receipt of your Circular, with regard to the Malcolm Cameron Common School Act of last sTssTon 184^9. aTi the intelligent Teachirs and Trustees, with whom I have conversed, on the subject, are of opinion, that that Act much requires to be reconsidered. W th regard to the question, whether the control over School Text »«««« f .^J^^,^,^, , „ " '^ County Central Boards, or in a Provincial Central Board, they seem to agree, that it should . este.l fnThaSSnt^al Board alone. And for th^e very i-portant reasoMhat, -^the^- b^e unifor.^^^^^^^^^ a alone, auq lor me vBi\y uiii#ui !«»""• ^••""•v^ — "-• -------- „i ' „ \ 1 as -n system, the Teachers, (who are constantlyjnoving from place to place^> cannotbeso efticient,.as they might find a variely_of '^^^^^:::^i:^^'^^,^:^r:^^^'^ the School Books, as well as .The Law of 1860 limits the number of Schools ur-'er one Superintendent to One Hundred, on which the School apportionment is based. Chap. III. PUBLIC OPINION ON COMMON SCHOOL A.CTS OF 1846, '47, '49. 61 teaching, when the Teacher is thoroughly acquainte 'CATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 appointed than parties at a distance can posbib... be. Xni The Reverend James Padfield, School Superintendent of the Bathurst District. Criticism and Suooestions. I was anxious in compliance with the concluding paragraph oi your Circular, to obtain from others such ilrmatro^aTwould enable m^ state "so f-.-.^» ^y P^^Ji' 'f^i^^' intelligent Common School Teachers and Trustees regarding the (Can.aron) Act of 1849. The following is the result of n.y inquiries. The view. !iere stated are those of P«|™n8 rle«ply interlsted in Cion School EducatL, ind of considerable experience m the practical wording of the Common School System. c ,^ i t> i a 1 To that important point of your inquiry, which relates to the control over School Bookf; and ■ iivrrsitv frequent hugation^ ... .. ^f Teachers and Trustees the superseding of the office of County Sui^rhLnde^nt and the resto'ration of that of the Township Supermtendents ,s not likely to give ceneral satisfactioii , „. ^ ..u o *.• mL ^t ),o iuf« Xnt nf 1846 contained in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Sections Tirovision in the present Act of 1849 is a serious defect. 5 The institution of a Board of Education by the Act of 1849 in each County or the exami- *• „ nf T«L?hp™ as nroDosed and more especially the selection and recommendation of School Books, ulhougL SeTatr^^^^^ to the Jracti/ally useless system of years past, than an advance- ment "I wise legislatic-n for the accomplishment of the objects contemplated. Tfh^Tot of 1849 In this as in other provisions of the Act, the machinery is too complex and diffused InSal r^spSibUity is shuf out: and where evils occur, as they may and will, who shall be blamed ? XIV Mr Thomas Higoinson, School Superintendent for the Ottawa District. ^ Central Board. Suggestions. requires amendment and revision. . j • i.u„ r«,„. as we are. assess iHxSX/ss'K Ks^s5i^r»ie^:^iisr:Ssit..£ Chap. III. PUBLIC OPINION ON COMMON SCHOOL ACTS OF 1846, '47,-'49. 63 than any other School Law ever brought into operation, in this Province. I am aure, the Country parts with that Law with regret ; ami, when we reflect how much time and anxiety it requires to l)ring our Statutes into successful operation, we might wish that our Representatives in Parliament would be directed by more caution, and, instead of supplj'ing our iniaginory wants, endeavour to remove our real evils. XV, The Reverend John Flood, School Spitsbintkndent of the Dalhousib District. Since I was appointed Superintendent, my thoughts and time, as far as they have been given to School .-natters, have been chiefly engaged in leading the people to comply with the great principle of the Sciiool Act of 1846, that is, the duty of submitting to be taxed for the support of Education. W' 'i regard to the point on which you especially desire information, my opinion is, that the effic .. ;j of the Schools would be best promoted by confiding the control over School Text Books, to the *!.>vincial Central Board of Education, at Toronto. I have had a great deal of experience in teac.ii; i,j, as well as in superintending Schools, and I have always found that diversity of Text Books is a very great hindrance in a School. Now, if each County Board should have the power of selecting the School Books, which shall be used in each County, I think, that, not uniformity, but difference and confusion will be produced. And, in this way, the parents of children in Schools, which are near the borders of the Counties, will often find it convenient to procure Text Books not from their own Ccnuty, out from the adjoining one— Tlie books authorized in both Counties may be good, though viifferent i and when parents see this, the Superintendents will find themselves unable ic prevent these Books from mingling, first in the Schools, which are near the limits of the Counties, and after some years, through all the Schools in every Township. But I am very sorry, that I cannot find in the new (Cameron) Act of 1849, any Section, or pro- vision, similar to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Sections of the late School Act of 1846. My attention has been led to this, by an application from persons at Fitzroy-Harbour, for instructions, how to proceed in establishing such a Separate School, as was provided for, in the said Sections of that late School Law. I hope, that this will not be neglected in the one for 1850, which is about to be introduced. The opinions of the most intelligent Teachers and Trustees, in this District, as far as I can ascer- tain, are agreeable to my own, as expressed in this Letter, XVI. The Reverned William Eraser, School Superintendent of the Eastern District. — Advocates Free Schools. In regard to School Books, I am confident, that the selection of these Books by the County Boards, would produce great confusion. Therefore, a Central Board of Education at Toronto, would have it in their power to exercise a control much more effectual to gain that uniformity in School Books, so desirable, A great deal of confusion is already introduced, even in the Irish National School Books, from alterations, made by different publishers. Something should be done to put a stop to this, or also all that has been done, to get the children into the same Reading classes, will soon be lost. Although, no d'sciple of Doctor Ryerson, I admit much of the justice of many of his remarks on the new Cameron School Bill, but nothing will meet, fully, the wants of the Country, short of the Free School System and theCountry are preparedto receive it as a gift,* In a long Report to the District Council, and in the District, itself, by extensive travelling, I have pleaded for this system, and have not met with one single man, who has, even, offered opposition to it. Money has been paid, in this District for educating 13,500 possible scholars this year, but I am sorry to say, that only one half of that number ever entered a School House, The justice of the principle is already admitted, and in force, in a few cases, but generally it fails to gain the object. Extend the principle in the new Bill,— making the necessary provision for free schools, and all, who make it, will enjoy their share of them. PART II. REMARKS AND SUGGESTION ON SCHOOL LEGISLATION BY TEACHERS' ASSOCIATIONS. The Dumfries' Teachers' Association (criticisms on, and objections to. System, as viewed by the Association.) THE PRESENT SCHOOL Learning from the late Correspondence between the Chief Superintendent of Education, and the Provincial Secretary,! that Government intends to introduce, during the next Session of Parliament, amendments to the "^f Cameron) School Act of 1849, we thought they would willingly receive, from persons practically acquainted with the working of the late and former School Acts, suggestions con- cerning the amendments they may deem necessary in the present Act, to suit the circumstances of the Country, and meet the wishes of the people. The School cfc beiiiK one that very much effects Trustees and Teachers, will, we tfust, be considered a sufficient apology for forwarding, unasked, our views on this important subject, humbly * In the next Chapter of this Volume will be found an elaborate and instructive Address by Doctor Ryeraon on the great advantages of a Free School System. 1 Contained in Chapter XIV of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History, pages 223 250. i it :iii iili i l ft ri i Mr»« i ur i WfiM » ' 64 DOCUMENTARY HISWRY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 hopina that they may bo entitled to some consideration. At a Meeting of the Durafriea Teachers' Association, at which i ,re wore a nuralier of School Trustees, it was— 1 R^Hdved That this Meeting, having carefully examined the duties imposed on the Chief Superintendent by the late and present School Acts, is of opinion that his Ofhce is "«* "?«™-y- »« Kuties may be performed at much less expense to the Country, by Clerks connected with some other Department of the Government.* 2 That there should be a Normal School, for the purpose of training Teachers and that none others than those intending to become such should there be taught gratuitously, neither should any person attending it receive any portion of the public money for his support, nor should any exclusive privilege be conferred upon him.t 3 That there should be a Board of Education for the Province composed in part of practical Teachers, or persons who have been such, that their duties should be to superintend the Normal School, to select a uniform set of Text Books for Common Schools, as it is of the utmost importance to the cause of Education that there should be sucli a uniformity ; and to report annually to the Governor-in-Council. 4 That an efficient School Inspection by Superintendents properly ciualified to discharge the duties, is absolutely necessary to the success of the Common Schools ; that such Superintendents should be appointed by local Municipal Councils, and be eligible for the same appointment in more than one Township ; t1iat their duties should be to visit quarterly; all Schools under their charge ; to examine all candidates for the ofhce of Teacher, and certify sucn as they nifty deem qualified ; to report annually the state of Schools to the Municipal Councils of their respective Towns, or Town- 8hip8,-8«ch iCeport to contain the names of all feachers to whom they have given Cer ihcates of Qualification during the year ; a similar Report to be likewise transmitted to the Provincial Board. 5 The Trustees should be elected, as prescribed by the late and present School Acts ; that their duties should be to appoint, from time to time, a duly qualified person to be Teacher of their School ; to be personally responsible for the payment of his salary ; to take charge of School pronerty ; to report annuall/ concerning the state of their School to the Township Superintendent; and to adopt Budi means for the maintenance of their School as shall have been approved of at the annual School MeetinK by a majority of the landowners and householders of their respective School Sections, who should Lve the power of determining at such Meeting the manner in which their School should be maintained for the following year.-wliether by Rate Bill, Voluntary Subscription, or by a Jax ev,e J on all the rateable property within the Section, and, if the latter mode be adopted the Trustees should have power of imposing and collecting such Tax, or the Municipal Council should, on the peti- tion of a majority of the Trustees, be obliged to do so, as formerly. 6 That in the event of the majority of the landowners and householders of any School Section neelecting, or refusing, to elect Trustees, or adopt any plan for the support of their School, the Municipal Council should have power to levy on the rateable property of such School Section, antl collect a sum sufficient for the support of said School for at least six months in each year, in winch such majority of the Trustees neglects, or refuses, but that the power should only be exercised on petition of at least five resident landowners and householders ; and that said petitioners have the power of electing Trustees. 7 That all persons of good moral character, possessed of the requisite learning and ability, should be eligible to the office of Teacher ; and that in the internal management of his School, he should be left to follow the dictates of his own judgment, as it would be unjust to hold him responsible for the success of his School, if compelled to teach according to Rules and Regulations furnished by any other authority than his own. 8. That this Meeting is of opinion that the cause of Education would be promoted by encouraging the establishment of a Teachers' Institute in each County, in which questions connected with education may be discussed, but it is of opinion that the management of the Institute should be left to Superintendents and Teachers. 9. That we approve of the manner prescribed by the School Act, of apportioning both the Legis- lative and Municipal School Grants. 10. That the Legislative Grant, being originally intended for the maintenance of Schools, no part of it should be applied to any other purposes, as it not only diminishes the grant itself but equally lessens the sum raised as an equivalent to it for the support of Schools by municipal authority. 11. That Municipal Council should have the power of assessing School Sections, on petition of a majority of the landowners and householders, for a sum sufficient to purchase a School Library. 12." That there is no necessity for County Boards of Education, as the duties imposed upon them by the (Cameron) School Act, can be more efficiently discharged by a Provincial Board of Education, and by local Superintendents. 13. That there is no necessity for County Councils having anything to do with the wotking of the School Act, as the Legislative School Grant might as well be at once sent to the Township LouncU. 14. That we disapprove of Sectarian Schools, and Separate, Sc hools for Coloured children. * See Petition on this subject to the House of Assembly on page one of this Volume. t See Note on this subject on page 58 of this Volume, Chap. III. PUBLIC OPINION ON COMMON SCHOOL ACTS OF 1846, '47,-'49- 65 15. That this Meeting, being wholly composed of Trustees and Teachers of rural and Village Sehool Sections, has no practical aciuaintance with the management of City Schools, consequently can offer no suggestions as to the best mode of maintaining and conducting such Schools. II. Mk. Robert Wilson, oji behalf of the County of Middlesex Teachers' Association:— SUOOESTIONS A3 TO THE ScHOOL BiLL OF 1850. This Association, now numbering a large portion of the most talentedand enterprising Teachers of Ijjo County, has met twice for the purpose of taking into consideration the (Cameron) School Law of 1849, with aview of petitioning Parliament, at its present Session, for certain amendments of said Act. A Committee was appointed by the Association, when there was handed to it a Draft of a new School Hill (of 1850), which was about to be submitted to Tarliament for its approval. The Association have doputed me to write to you in behalf of the united Teachers of the County of Middlesex, and to testify their very general approval of the Draft of Bill; its conciseness, compre- hensiveness and simplicity are such that, should Parliament see fit to adopt it, nearly all the diffiouties ill the management of Common Schools will disappear. But, notwithstanding, this very general approval of the new Draft, as a whole, there are some few thing connected with it which the Teachers of the County of Middlesex could wish otherwise, or couched in more decisive language. Their views on these matters, I am desired to lay before you. 1. The Superintmdency of Schools. The County is taxed to a considerable amount to support a Normal School,— the express object of which is to introduce improved systems of instruction. Tliis has equalled the expectations of its most sanguine friends, so far as the trciining of Teachers is concerned ; but how can it be expected that the enlightened systems of teaching it inculcates will ever be efficiently carried out, unless men be appointed to superintend our Schools, who understand the practical working of these systems ? In short. Local, or County, Superintendents should be practical Teachers, and not mere theorists, as they have hitherto generally been. Teachers through- out the Country, so far as my knowledge extends, begin to look upon this as their right. 2. School Masters' Residences, That no School Section should be entitled to (Government aid un- less it have, together with the Schoolhouse, a School-master's Residence. Few things tend more to prevent young men of spirit from entering upon School teaching as a profession, than the fact that they have no home. If a Teacher wishes to marry and settle down in life, he generally looks about him for some other avocation. 3. Specified Time oj paying the Government Grant to Teachers. The Government appropriation in support of Schools should be made available, if possible, in the beginning of the second quarter of each year. Much inconvenience to Teachers arises from being so long without receiving a portion of their remuneration. 4. Ohligations on Municipal Councils. That, as Trustees of Schools are selected by the people to manago these Schools, as one of their dearest rights, they should not be trammelled in their operations by any body of men, called by whatever name, and that, therefore, it should be obligatory in all Town and Township Councils to carry out- the views and recommendations made by them in regard to the sustenance and management of Common Schools. 5. Teachers' Diplomas. That Common School Teachers, under proper restrictions, should be enabled to receive diplomas of their profession, which, like diplomas of other professional men, should be for life. III. Mr. Patrick Thornton, School Superintendent, on behalf of Teachers in the Gore District. (See also Page 57.) The following are the ideas of two or three of our most intelligent Teachers with regard to the Superintendency of Schools, handed to me in writing, after they had held a conference on the subject. 1. " That the Municipal Council for each County should divide the County into School Circuits of two, three, or more. Townships, according to the number of Schools they include. A Superintendent should be placed over the Schools in each Circuit. The Superintendent should be a Teacher, or Prin- cipal, of a Model School, which Model School should be one of the Common Schools. 2. " That the Superintendent's salary should be derived from what his School, as a Common School, would be entitled to, and an additional sum of £ raised by an assessment on the Circuit over which he is Superintendent."' I presume that these ideas partly originated from the marked success which attended some ex- periments made by a Society of Teachers, of which I was the President, and from which I derived the idea of the necessity of a Superintendent's having the control of a Model School. The plan mentioned by the Teachers would be economical, but how far it is generally practical is another consideration. I think what I stated to you when I saw you would be more practical. A Model School, properly located, could be made to support itself, and a Superintendent's salary, (if his School Circuit was small enough), might be partly derived from the Model School, and partly from assessment, for, in such a case, he would only need an Assistant ; but, if his Circuit was large, the Model School would require an efficient Teacher, besides the Superintendent. Then, the Super- intendent's salary must come from some other source. If I mistake not, the School Superintendents 5 D.E. 11 ! -- f , ■ 'I f i. , 6G D0CUM«:NTARY history of education in upper CANADA. 1850 Chap. in. i'V in the State of Now York are paid two dollarM a day, when on duty. A Superintc ndent, to be etHcient , shonl'l liave \m whole energieft devote.l to the improvement of Sohools. Ho Bhouid have no pecuniary buHiiuHs of i\i V .hools: said Kate bill, or School-fees, to be collected (luarteib- by the Tru-stees, or a (Elector appointed by them, tor that purpose, if not paid to the Teach- '• by tlie end of the (piarter,! Third That this Meeting appro-, e of the principle of the 4th clause of the Thirteenth Section of the new (Cameron) School Act of 1849, wlich gives to th, people of each School Section, the power nl maintaining their Schools bv such means as shall have been approved of, by a majority ot the peopie at their Annual School Meeting in .January, and also recommend, that one of the le^'al modes left to the option of the people at their Annual Meeting, Ko the mode of voluntary subscription, and ttiat forms to enable them to do o, may be provided. Fourth. That this Meeting approves of the Tenth Section of the New S liool Act of 1849, as it gives the power of appointing Superintendents of Townships to the Townshij) Councils, and also lie cause the same person may be appointed for several 'I'ownships, and those present at the Meeting express- it as their deliberate opinion, that only persons, who are, or have been, practically engaged in t«a5;"'"«; and are otherwise well qualified, are competent etfic-ently to discharge the important duties ot School Superintendents. t r\ va Fifth That School Superintendents only should be empcwered to grant Certificates of Qualihc i tion to Teachers, ^md that no Teacher shouUrbe held as qualified until certified by the Superintendent. under whose jurisili tion is the Section in which he teacln s. Sixth That Trustees should be personally liable for the fulfilment of their engagements tn Teachers,' when, through their not having exercised the powers witu which they may be vested, such engagements remain unfulfilled. Seventh That Teachers shall only be dismissed he request of a w .rity of the Laud-hold- ers and House-holders, risident within the School Sect. expicosed at u .uceting ca. ud for ttiat WlirDOSG. Eiqhth. That Schools should be publicly examined half yearly. , , , , , . , , Ninth That the General Boar(l of Education in Canadi West should be composed in part ot Biact cal Teachers, and should have the power to recominei..: 8c'.ool Text Boo..', and the ac ption o such measures as may li* ■ judged expedient for the furtherance of Common School education ; but shouKi not have power to interfere with the internal government of the Schools. Tenth. That no Alien should be deemed a (jualified Teacher. Eleventh. Tun mth. That no Alien should be deemed a (jualihed ieaclier. 'eventh. That Denominational Schools should not be recognized by law welfth. That this Meeting hip;hly approve of a Normal School ; h- th that, ir- order to enable the public and all parties, especially concerned, to judge of its management ! eflR't'ncy, it is desira that correct statistical information on the following questions, if possib.t o ( minated, videlK (1) What number of pupils, male, or female, have received instruct! in institution since - commencement, and what number in eaah Session ? (2), Place of birth .nd age of each. (3), J! many have been previously en. (-;ed in teaching, where teaching and liow long ■ (4), How m have been paying pupils ? (5), liow many have received public support ? (6), How long each attei. ed ? (7), How many have since abandoned the profession. (8), How many of these received public support and how many have repaid such sums.t ' *A copy of this Act will be found on pages 26-28 of the Seventh Volume of this Uocumcntary History. t This Association, chiefly composed of rural Sclu .] Teacheib, here give their opinion as to how City and Town Schools should be conducted. The Dumfries School Teachers Association did not deem themselves competent to do so. bee Keso lution numt)er 16 on page 65. lAll of this information abDiii ^he operation of the Normiii .School, and very much more, ix j,'iven, and has always been given in each preceding official Report to the Legislature of the Chief Supenntendent of Education. PART In atl( on behalf various L Mini.sters Education I. Mr. ,1 I have ( that County them that 1 education, \ I, hi lewith, "With troi. vestinj dictatorialh .insider thi Id introduce this Countr well acquaii and scenery My owi an iniprovei oi I consi Qualiflcatio of School T Chap. III. PUBLIC OPINION ON COMMON SCHOOL ACTS OF 1«46, '4i7,-'i9. 67 wu PART III. CRITICISMS ON THE SCHOOL LAW PRIVATE PARTIEb ND SUGGESTIONS FROM In addition to the Circulars sent out by the Honourable Francis Hincks, — who, on behalf of the Government, had charge of the School legislation of 1850— to various Local Superintendents and Teachers, he also sent them to a number of Ministers and Laymen, who had shown an interest in our Schools and System of Education. From these parties he received the following replies : — %. I. Mb. James Coyne, Si. Thomas, Upper Canada ;— Control ok Text Books— (iRANTiNci Teachers' Certificates. I am decidedly of opinion, that the control over School Text Books, should be vested in the Cen- tral Hoard of Edu.atioii, at Toronto, as no other system can produce uniformity, which is very desir- able ;— in this vi-w, most of the intelligent Trustees and Teachers appear to coincide with me. I object to the system of grantiuK Certitieates of Qualification to Teachers under the recent (Cameron) School Act of 1849;— that all District Councillors, Magistrates and Clergymen should be invested with tliat power, appeared to me pref)ostorou8, or why they should poHsess exclusive privi- leges to dictate as School Visitors, 1 cannot undt - -land.* I disapprove of the system under the new Act of l*- " of employing Township Superintendents of Kihication. I have never seen much benefit that the St aools derived from the Township or County iSuperiiiti'nd nts. . . IT Mb. (.urdox Buchanan, Township of Colchester. I have considted with the most intelligent persons in this Township, and they all agree with me that County Boards of Education are preferable to a Central Board of Education at Toronto, One of them that I in ve consulted on the subject is a School Teacher,— a man of experience and superior education, who iiad taught for several years what was formerly called the High School at Toronto, and I, lierewith, trii i' ^ribe what h says on the matter :— •' With resp^ ■ to thi il over the School Text Books, I do not see what advantage can arise 11 u, vesting the sani«> in .: '< nil Board of any kind. The very fact of any system of Books being dictatoriallv thrust m the po«>ple of this free Country would naturally render them unpopular. 1 onsider this woul till more decidely the case with the system of Books which it is contemplated to introduce, vid- ncet : th^ 'rish >' itional School System, which in many respects is (piite unfit for this Country. A .:iV8temot ool 'I \t Bi loks for Canada ought to be compiledljy a person, or persois, well accjuainted both with . aeuliar state of society here, and also with the great natural featuics and scenery of this Country."1 Mvown opinion of the Now (t ameion) School Act of 1849 is, that it is.in many respects, decidelv an improveni'iit on (he old one of 1846, and, although, I am well aware that much inconvenience will ^e from CO tantly altering and amending the Common School Acts,— and of the impossibility oi any Legislator passing a Bill that will be satisfactory to everybody. As it appeal s from your Circular, that it is pri iile that certain amendments ir. > hr. present School Act will be submitted to Parliament at its next Session, I would take the liberty ; aggest < hat more restrictive measures be adopted with reference to tt, return of pupils taught in the '•■ School Sections. Tlie most common mode of contract Teachers is, that they shall be . i ;,oiiy,ed to eceive such and such monthly fees from the parenth >: the pupils, and th' whole of tlu- Public School money, whatever the amount may he. Thus in a inajoritv of cases, the Teacher must bo strongly t rapted to make a false return, and althi gli a fine is p.uvided in such cases, that check would be 1 .and inoperative from th. fact, that none but the Teach' r can possibly be f.ignizant of the n .'gregate ittendance -f the year. i'he only check w 'uld appear t. me to be a cla- making it imperative on the Township Superintendent to administer an oath 1 the Teacher as to tl correctness of his rej it on that jioint.J I consiiler, to , that the Tow -ship Superintendent ought to be i >wered to grant ( tificates of Qualification to Teachers, subject to be cancelled, confirmed, by thi ''ounty Boards, t ,, the appeal of School Trnstees. ' The Schoo! Act of 1849 contained no such pro. -ion Visitoiti to give " artvicft to Teachers and jmpils" under ertain Kegulations any sense. Ti these early days "advice" was very de.sii ''1p. t Experience proved tJiat tl'''^ opinion here suggest. > not well fo'imled. reoommendi-d by the Pro\ inoiai . ard c" IMucation, were ery popular, aft • r they w { See Note on this subject, on page 80. are here indicated. The law of 1846 authorized .School but such advice did not authorize dictation in he Irish National H' liool Text Books. e introduced into i "-Schools. 68 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. urn The office of Chief HuiuTinten country, which is very desirable, but uniformity will Iw much better attended to, than if the choice of School liooks w re left in the hantls of County Boards. As far as my knowlc(l;;c extends, I believe, I express the views of many others, as well as my own, that the present i(Jameriiri) Sche replaced by one clear in its provisiot.i, that ciin be oarrietl out by the ignorant, as well as tlie learned. IV. Mr. Chrihtofhkb Goodwin, Woodstock. — Count \ iuperintendbnts.— Central Board Should Control Text Books. My decided opinion is that one competent County Superintendent would Ikj much more benofi(ul to the community of each County, than for a Superintendent for each Township : that his duties be an formerly, except paying out moneys ; that he should give orders to the Teachers upon the Distrirt Treasurer, who ought to receive the (Sovernment Grant and Municipal equivalent to that grant for Schools in his District; that the Superintend' it should deliver a Lecture in each School Section at the time of visiting the Mame once a year. I should strenuously recommend the adoption of one Central Board of Education at Toronto, as formerly. I tliink it should be made imperative with every Township Council, when applied to by a majority of the Truatees of any School Section, who wish to make a Free School, to raise the amount necessary. by a tax upon the rateable property in such School Section for the Teacher's nalary. i sliould rccoin mend also, th 1 1 Toachors' Institutes be established in every District, and oii';ouraged by Govarnmeiit, and aomo provision, if pjssible, made for Cjm:non School Libiaric'" throughout the Province.* V. Mr. E. Binoham, Glamford. — The Act of 1846 Prei hable to that op 1849.- INTENDENT PREFERRED TO T<)\S N8H1P ONES. -County Sui'f.u- I beg to inform you that the sentiments of a large number of intelligent frieiui . are in accordance with my own views of the practical working of the School Law. Those that I have conversed with are unanimous in tlit-ir opinion that the School Act of 1846 is, most decidedly, to ho preferred to tiiat the (Cameron) one of 1849. It is the very general opinion in this section of the Province that, i, Parlia- ment should revive tlie late School Act, and substitute it for the present one, with some trifling amend- ments, it would give that satisfaction to the public, so anxiously looked for. One very objectionable feature in the (Cameron) Act of 1849 is the denuding the Central Board of Education of the power of choosing School Text Bonks and substituting Country Boards with these powers in its place. It is obvious to every intelligent person that a multiplicity of Boardo, even if they are appointed by tlie Governor, will be diversified in their opinions. Not only so, but that conflict\>ig Rules and Regulations, with a variety of School Books must inevitably be the result, and directly, or remotely, very seriously operate in retarding the Normal School system, and prevent its efficiency. I will here make a passing remark with respect to Superintendents of Common Schools, and <^ive it as my opinion — and I am not singular — that County Superintendents are calculated to awa,koi! an ambition and enterprise in Common Schools that cannot be expected from a system of Township Smj)- erintendency. The School Act of 1846, as I have observed, requires some amendments, and I would submit that the Sections of that Act which make provision for Separate Schools should, I think, be repealed. The effects that have resulted from attempts to entablish Separate Schools have not met the expectationb if the most sanguine advocates of the system, so provision should be made that, at any time, the inhabi- tants of any County, Township, or School Section, may petition the Council for a free School, or Schools, as the case may be. VI. Mr. Christopher McAlpin, Crowland,— School Act of 1846 Preperred to that of 1849 I have cause to believe, that the people generally regret the passage of the New (Cameron) School Act of 1849, and that they feel convinced that the permanent coniinuance of the late School Act of 1846, (with "nch occasional amendments, as time and experience may here suggest), would be, infinite- ly more con leive to the interests of education than this new School Act can possibly be. I beg to submit some of the arguments on which I wish to know your opinion : First :— Though I admit, that the best Educational Bill, that can be framed, may "t some op- position, still, I confident' believe, that the late School Act of 1846, has been on the t of success- ful experiment and that, the more the people became acquainted with its provisions and forms, tlie more they became reconciled to, and satisfied with its operations. •All of the things here proposed have been fully provided for in the School Act of 1850. VII. Mb. Ri <'hap TIT. PUBLIC OPINION os common schoot, a(,ts of 1846, '47, '49. 69 ,SV.o/wWy: -Since the rimohinerv of a School A- . nec.<»«irily rwiuircB nometiine for the poople to that iiitiniatt, aciduaintttnce. with its pniviHions and forms necessary to carry it into Huccessful It apijears to mo, that tho fliiancial arrange- .{ Ill that intimate ao(|uaintttnce, with its pnivjsions i)|Hiiiition, then it is painful to find it suddenly repealed m,.nt under tho late Act, of 1846, in regard to the duties and functioiiH of District Superintendents, i, tho moHt judicious, that can he doviHod, alsi Chap. III. PUBLIC OPINION ON COMMON SCHOOL ACTS OF 1846, '47,-49. 71. :ferred. In regard to the subject of assessing the County for the erection of Grammar Schools, referred to this Committee, it appears that the expense of erecting two of these School Houses have been defrav- eil by voluntary contribution and it would hardly be just to make the erection of the third one charge- able upon the funds of the County; at the same time it is also worthy of remark, that the condition, attached by the sale of School Lands Act of 1844, 4th and 5th Victoria, Chapter 19, requifes the inl Inlutants of the locality, where a Grammar School may be established to provide a suitable School House. * (Note. On the passing of the School Act of 1850,the County Council passed a By-law, dividing the County of York into School Circuits, as provided by that Act) J > >i III. The Municipal Council of the County of Northumberland. The Special Committee appointed to Report upon the new School Bill now in progress of passing into a law, beg leave to Report, that, from the attention which they have been able to bestow during the time in which they have had the Bill under their consideration, they are unable to specify more particularly the alterations which occurred to them as being desirable. The great objectioii to the Bill is, in the opinion of vour Committee, the unlimited power which some Sections of the Bill will place in the hands of the Chief Superintendent of Education. The tomraittee teel great diffidence in oflferiiig suggestions upon other parts of so important a Measure : )ut, upon the recommendation to circumscribe the power of the Chief Superintendent, as far as would be consistent with the efficient performance of the duties of so important an office, your Committee are 01 opinion that no diversity of opinion can exist. Your Committee beg to refer more particularly to the words in the fourth line of the Slst Section ?,, . ,uP™P. , included within a parenthesis as follow : (" unless otherwise instructed by the Cliiet Superintendent of Schools,") and bearing particularly upon the opinion above referred to, these words are highly objectionable, as leaving the local Superintendent too much under controul and domination of the Chief Superintendent of Education with reference to the disposal of the School monies provided for in that .31st Section of the Bill. c, ■ m'^*^ proposed alterations, as regards the distribution of School money through the Treasurers and hiib-Jreasuresand others are not desirable, the present mode, of keeping and disbursing the same i)eing in every way preferable, inasmuch as it passes through the fewer hands, and is consequentlv more tree from deductions, or percentage. Your Committee are also of opinion that the appointment of Local Superintendent should be left' with the -several Local Township Municipalitiep as at present, and that the Township Councils should be invested with power to select Sites for School Houses in their respective municipalities, under provisions similar to those connected with establishing wards, as touching the rights o." parties from whom such property may have been taken, or required. (Approved by the Council) PART V. THK CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION TO THE INSPECTOR GENERAL. In addition to the information desired by the Inspector General from Local Superintendents and others interested in Ccmmou School legislation, he request- ed the Chief Superintendent to furnish him with particulars as to the nature and provisions for imparting Religious Instruction in the Schools. This Doctor Ryerson did, and furnished him with the desired informatiou in the following Letter : — According to your wish, I herewith encbse you copy of the Minutes of the Provinc-' Board of Education, providing for Religious Instruction and attendance upon Public WorHhip of the "jbudeat-Teachera in the Normal Sjl'ool.t I Also enclose yon a collection of the Annual Reports of the Irish Nrtional Board of Educa- tion, containing the Regulations of that B,.ard in lespect to Religious Instiuction b(.th for the iNormal School Students, and in the Rural National Schools. (See paragraphs as piArkcd.)J Ilikewise enclose you a copy of our own printed Forms and Regulations for Common Schools, from which you will see the provision I have made in respect to Religious Instruction and other matters m Canadi an Schools, upon the principles of the Irish National System. § ,„.n.IJ!l,''f 'il'^i^'S- f^^l'"?- '" ^!tl: ''"'* ''"l*'*^ f""'"' °" P^S^^^ -^S- 5" °f ^'>« ^"»rth \'olunie of this Documentary History. 7t !..,?. ilf',!".!: ''J'^llf .iI'"''S"u°' f*'*' P^'"'««'*« °' 'he School Lands to the Several Districts In Upper Canwla for the erection tThis informatiou is fully given in a subsequent Chapter of this Volume. It i8^Jven'i"nTl?„°;V?n 1? ^'ut" ""f ^'T^ ^^^ ^^, S' ,*•''? ^'""^ ^°'""?« "' "^'« Documentary History. See also pages 147-165. M. f^i u • "*''?'''" a" elaborate Report on " Religioiia Instruction in the Public Schools of Ontario," which I prepared HshNat!'3sfi"r'""'"n''H"'^'*^-, '",'*'■'' Keport the question of Religious Instruction in Ne.v EnKlan.l anTin the Irish National Schools is fully discussed and exemplifled. See also the Chief Superintendent's Annual Report for 1867. Thi-se Forms and Regulations applicable to the Common Schools are given in a subsequent Chapter of this volume. f 1-4 *•■ >■' ir- !::.' ■'*- !'■' '■ i_^ if,' '■ I I T.\ !' - \ ■ 1 a -' t ' 72 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 la order that you may see that what I have proposed to you, as to the unity, the gradation, the essential identity of the whole System of Public Instruction, is no new idea that I have conceived. I enclose you a copy of my Iteport on a System of Public Elementary Instruction in upper Canada,* (prepared four jears since,) m one paragraph of which I have sketched the Whole system, and have m it u.dicated the kind and gradation of Schools by which our System may oe carried into effect. iA.v7°A will observe from the documents above referred to, as well as from my Letter of the 14th of last July to the Honourable Robert Baldwin.f that the religious basis which I have advocated for the entire system of Public lastruction in Upper Canada is that of the Irish National Board and of the New England States, -essentially Christian but perfectly non- sectarian ; the whole of which, so far as legislation is concerned, will be accomplished, should the Government constitute the University Senate the Board of Education for Upper Canada and authorize it to make such Regulations, as it should judge expedient for the Religious Instruction and attendance upon Public Worship of the undergraduates in the University and Of the btudents in the Normal School, according to their respective forms of faith, anything contained m any law, or statute, to the contrary notwithstanding : Provided always, that no part of the University, or formal School, Funds should be expended for that purpose. With such a provision, the University, as well as our whole School System, C8>a be defended and advocated, not only upon Christian principles, but after the example of the Irish National tr? \ f/ O.UU ^i"® 5^"®®° ^ Colleges f,.r Ireland, and the American Colleges. Bur the latter part of the 29th Section ot the University Act of 1849, is opposed to these principles and ex- amp^s , It may be submitted to for the moment, but is not relished and cannot be defended by ?^nL„ '^/k"" C°'»'n»n/*y. an4' if not modified, will, I think, ultimately make denominational Co leges the order of the day in this Country, if not cause the final abandonment of a Provin- cial University and the application of its funds to other educational, or general purposes. fi, . t'^'^'?'i ^i'^ *'l ^.y heart to see the University of Toronto placed upon such a foundation that 1 could advocate it, and show that it was both the duty and interest of all Denominations, Ministers and people, and of all friends of the Country to supporHtupon the same ground that 1 have successfully urged them to support the System of Common Schools. 1 have collected in mae^ent Countries ample raateriils and authorities to illustrate these views in regard to Col- legiate, as well as Common School, education ; but I have, as yet. ma-le no use of them, on cr^Sh! .f ""*'"?''* u°^?^'? which I have been placed, arising from prejudices and jealousies created by statements which I may, (after their matters are disposed of.) show are as utterly untrue as would be charges against me for arson and murder. But, with the increased and most ntluential kind of circulation which you and the Honourable W. H. Merritt professed to enable me to give, to the Jotirrml of Education, and having the whole system of Public Instruction op<-ne(l to me, and not merely the Normal and Common Schools, as heretofore, to advance the nterests of the higher, as well as elementcry, education of the Country. I submit the whole s .bject— including making the University free— to your moat serious consideration Toronto. 4th of March, 1850. EOERTON RyBRSON. •This Report Ih printed in extemo in the Sixth Volume of this Documentary History, pages 139-211. t This Letter is printed on pajres 231, 232, of the Eighth Volums of this Documentary History. DocumeKHiston'*'' ^^^'°" °' ""^ ®*'''*''" ^'""'^-^'^y ^^t of 1849 will be found on page 156 of the Kighth Volume of Chap. IV. APPEAL OF CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT IN FAVOUR OF FREE SCHOOLS. 73 CHAPTEK IV. APPEAL OF THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION IN FAVOUR OF FREE SCHOOL IN UPPER CANADA. From the period of his first appointment in 1844, as Chief Superintendent of Education, Doctor Ryerson was strongly impressed with the necessity of providing, by means of a certain and efficient financial system, for the maintenance of the Elementary Schools of Upper Canada. His convictions on this subject were strenghted after he made his tour of inquiry in regard to Systems of Education in Europe, and especially in the adjoining States of Massachussetts and New York. In submitting the Draft, therefore, of his first Common School Act in 1846, he em- phasized the importance of making effective provision for the support of the Common Schools of the Province. He then pointed out the inefficient and unsatis- factory method of seeking to support these Schools— apart from the Legislative Grant and its Municipal equivalent —by means of School fees chargeable by Rate B ,1 upon parents who sent children to the Schools.* In each subsequent Annual School Report, Doctor Ryerson referred more, or less at length, to this fundamentaly important feature of our School System. With the special object of promoting the passage of the School Bill of I860, which he had prepared— into which the principle of Free Schools was to be embodied,— he issued a strong Appeal in The Journal of Education for Upper Can- ada on the Subject of Free Schools. In this Address, which follows, are embodied the various arguments which he had hitherto used In commending Free Schools to the People of Upper Canada. He also, in that Address, cited the examples of those Educating Countries and States which had successfully embodied in their School Codes the essentially fundamental principle of maintaining the Schools by a specific rate upon property, as an efficient and economical system for their finan- cial support. In his Circular to the County Municipalities, in 1846, Doctor Ryerson thus pointed out what was " the basis and reason of local taxation for Public Schools," He said: — The ba?is of this only true system of universal Education is two fold :— 1st: that every inhabitant of a Country is bound to contribut9 to the support of its Public Institutions, according to the property which he acquires, or enjoys, under the Government of the Country. u- ?"**.i,'^'^*^®^®'"y "**'•<* ^°''"' ^^ brought up in the Country, has a right to that education which will ht hira for the duties of a useful citizen of the Country, and is not to be deprived of It, on account of the inability, or poverty, of his parents, or guardians. imrJl!L".'*V'"i"*""^- ''■fu^'a^'i* °', '*'e -?'"f-"n Sohool Bill Of 1846, to the GovernnTent, Doctor Rverson said :-" The next mportant change (in the School Act of 18431, which I propose is that the Rate Bill imposed by thi SchoolTnistees "hall be lev ed upon the inhabitants of each Scho<,! Section generally, accorrtinff to their property. . . . This prov LTon of thi Ola wl . !!J\h *'\^ "°"'/.°J Assembly „>' « majority of four, or Ave." " It was," a- o'octor Ryerson said," " the poor man's bmui.. T^.^V'*''"'''''' ^*l'' «">f'^;t"e'' ijafiot: the loss of it inflcted great injury upon the Common Schools, besides KmeStJry HU '" V^^P^^^'^y »"<» embarrassment" . . . See Note on pagrre of the Sixth VcN,v.p of this 74 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 Hi Doctor Ryerson then goes on to show that this financial principle for the support of Schools, is a cardinal one in the Massachusetts and New York systems of Schools. He said : — The right of the child involves corresponding obligations on the part of the State, and the poverty of the ch,ld adds the claims of charity to the demands of civil right. In the Annual Keport for 1845, of the Board of Education for the Stata of Massachusetts, this principle is stated as follows : — ^ '^ " '''h?f=*'''ii"al principle which lies at the foundation of our Educational system is, that all the child- ren ot the !5tato shall be educated by the State. As our Government was founded upon the virtue andmtelligenceof the people it was rightly concluded by its framers, that without a wise Educational system, the Government itself could not exist ; and, in ordaining that the expenses of educating the people should ba defraved by the people at large, without reference to the particular benefit of uidividuals, It was considered that those who, perhaps, without children of their own, nevertheless wouxa stiU he compelled to pay, would receive an ample equivalent in the protection of tlieir persons, and the security of their property ;" »- i f Doctor Ryerson thus ccncludes his Circular of 1846 to the County Munici- palities of Upper Canada : — Summary of the advantages of a Public Provision for Supporting the Schools. Some of the advantages of this System of supporting the Schools are the following :— 1. The child of the poor man, equally with that of the rich, has the opportunity of obtain- ing a good common School education. 2. The removal of all inducements from any parent, or guardian, arising from the payment of school fees, to keeping his children from School, and, consequently, the more general and longer is the attendance of children at school. ^ Jy b » t-u n ^^^ support of better Schools, at less expense to parents, who educate their children in the Common fechool,— as the burthen upon individuals would be lessened, by dividinor it amone the inhabitants at large, according to their property. •> o & 4. The prevention of differences between Trustees and their neighbours, arisir -. - of the imposition, or collection, or non-payment, of thr, Trustees Rate Bills on parents and .ardians. a I, ^'i ^^«,''«g"'a'' and punctual payment of Teachers, quarterly, or half yearly, out of the bcnool if und and local School Rate. DOCTOR RYERSON'S ADDRESS ON THE ADVANTAGES OF FREE SCHOOLS, 1850. I desire to invite the attention of the Public Press, of municipal Councillors and School irustees, of Clergy and Magistrates, and of other person interested in the education of all the youth of Canada, to the principle on which the expense of promoting that object should be The School Law auth. rizes two methods, in addition to that of V< lur.tary Contributions • (I), the method of Rate-Billon pp./eits sending children to school, and (2), the method of assessment on the property of all. thus securing to the children of all classes equal access to feohool instruction. Ihe discretionary po wer of adopting either method.isplacedby law,— where I think It ought to be placed, in the hands of the people themselves in each municipality My present object is, simply to submit to your consideration the principal reasons which induce me to think that the one of these methods is better than the other in order to secure to your childrt^n the advantages of good Education. The method which I believe you will find most eracent, has been thus defined : — A Tax upon the Property of all for the Education of all.— Results Noted. ^■i,-^^''®^^°'^,^°^*^°'"™^"d'"^ ^^^^^a" **'® ''^^8* method of providing lor the education of your children is, that the people of the Ne- England States, who have been educated under it for two hundred years, are distinguished for personal independence, general intelligence, great in- dustry, economy and prosperity, and a wide diflfusion of the comforts and enjoymenis of domes- c}l \ ^he truth of this remark, in refen nee to the character and condition of the people of the r^ew England States, will, I presume, be disputed by noae. I? their system of civil government be thought less favourable to the cultivation and exercise of som^ of thp, hiohpr vir. tues limn Uiat whicn we enjoy, the efficacy of their School system is the more apparent under circumstances of comparaive dicadvantage. I will give the origin of this School system in the words of the English Quarterly Journal of ^rffwa^fo^i-published under tha superintendence of the Society for the Diffusion ..f useful Knowledge " and at a time when Lord Brougham was Chairi..an and Lord John Russell, VicQ-Chairman, of the Educational Committee:— Chap, IV. APPEAL OF CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT IN FAVOUR OF FREE SCHOOLS. 75 The first hint of this system,— the great principle of which is, that the property of all,— is to be found in the record of the City of Boston for the vear 16.S5. when, at a public, or ' Body ' Meeting, a hchoolmaster was appointed 'for the teaching and nurturing of children among us,' and a portion of the public lands were given him for his support, this, it should be remembered, was done within five years after the hrst peopling of that little New England peninsula, and before the humblest wants of Its inhabitants were supplied ; while their very subsistance, from year to year, was uncertain ; and while no man in the Colony slept in his bed without apprehension from the savages, who not only everywhere crossed over their borders, but still dwelt in the midst of them. "This was soon imitated in other Villages and Hamlets which were springing up in the wilder- ness. Winthrop, the earliest Governor of the Massachusetts Colony, and the great patron of Free- Schools, says in his Journal, under date of 1645, that divers Free-Schools were erected in that year in other Towns, and that in Boston it was determined to allow fore\er Fifty pounds. (£50,) a year to the Master, with a House, and Thirty pounds, a year (£30,) to an Usher of the School. Pnit thus far onlv tlie individual Towns had acted. Two hundred years ago, in 1647, however, the Colonial Assembly of Massachusetts made provision by law, that every Town in which there were fifty families should keep open a Free-School, in which Reading and Writing could be taught ; and every Town where there were One Hundred families should maintain a School, where youth could be prepared in Latin, (ireek and Mathematics, for the College, or University, which, in 1638 had "been established by the same authority at Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1656 and 1672, the Colonies of Connecticut and New Haven enacted similar laws ; and from that time forward the system spread with the extending population of that part of America, until the Free School System became (■<:? of its settled and prominent char- acteristics of these Colonies, and has so continued to the presen'. i:iv.* The Theory of the Schools, as stated by Wibsteb, a leading American Statesman. I will now present the character of this system in the words of those who best underetand it. That great American Statesman, the Honourable Daniel Web^te^, received his early train- ing in a Free-School. Mr. Webster, in his published Speech on the constitution of Massach- usetts, expresses himself on its Frev-School System in the following words: — "In this particular. New England may he allowed to claim. I think, a merit of a [MJcidiar char- acter. She early adopted and has constantly maintained the principle, that it is the undoubted right, and the bounden duty of Government, to provide for the instruction of all its youth. That which is elsewhere left to chance, or to charity, we, in New England, secure by law. For the purpose of public instruction, we hold every man is subject to taxation in proportion to his property, and we look not to the question, whether he himself have, or have not, cliildren to be benefited by the education for which he paj's. We regard Free Schools as a wise and liberal system of police, by which propei t\'. and life, and the peace of society are secured. We seek to prevent, in some n)e= sure, the extension of the penal code, by inspiring a salutc.y and conservative principle of virtue and knowledge in the earlv age of youth. We hope to excite a feeling of respectability, and a sense of character, by enlarging the capa- city, and increasing the sphere of intellectual enjoyment. By general instruction, we seek, as f*.r as possible, to purify the whole moral atmosphere ; to keep good sentiments uppermost, and to turn the strong current of feeling and opinion, as well as the censures of the law, and the denunciations of Religion, against immorality and crime. We hope for a security, bevond the lavr, and above the law, in the prevalence of enlightened and well-principled moral sentiment." We hope to continue and pro- long the time, when, in the Villages and in the farm-houses of New Engiamd. there may tie undis- turbed sleep within unbarred doors. And knowing that our Government rests directly on the public will, that we may preserve it, we endeavour to give a safe and proper direction to that public will. We do not, indeed, expect all men to be philosophers, or statesmen ; but we confidently trust, and our expectation of the duration of our System of Government rests on that trust, that, by the diffus- ion of general knowledge, ;(,nd good and virtuous sentiments, the political fabric niav be secure, as well against open violence and overthrow, as against the slow but sure underminingofricentioupnes.«."t The Honourable Edward Everett, on the Advantages op Useful Knowledge to Working Men. The Honourable Edward Everett,— late President of Harvard University, late Governor of the State of Massachusetts, and la^e American Ambassador to England,— remarks, as follows, in his Address on the Advantage of UsehA Knowledge to Working Men : — " Think of the inestimable good oonforred on all succeeding generation;? by the early settlers of America, who first established the v/stem of Free Public Schools where instruction should be furnished without fees being chai-'tible to all the children in the community. No such thinr' as such i^ ree Schools was before known in the world. There were Schools and Colleges, .supported \v funds which had been bequeathed by charitable individuals : and, inconsequence, mostof the Common Schools of this kind in Europe, were regarded as establishments for the poor, as was the case in England until a late date. So deep-rooted is this iject is to petition Parliament for a charter, empowering that County to establish a System if Free Schools on a basis similar to ours". — Ihid. What have been the Results of Free-Schools in New England may also be the same IN Upper Canada. These extracts contain the testimony of the most competent witnesses as to the principles and efficiency of the Free School System ; while the well-known character of the New- England people for self-reliance, economy, industry, morality, intelligence and general enterprise, ■» a sufficient illustration of the influence and tendency of that «yBteiii, even under the influence of many disadvantages, and a peculiar forni of Goverunv^nt. What such Chap. IV. APPEAL OF CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT IN FAVOUR OF FREE SCHOOLS. 77 system of Free Schools has accomplished in thd less genial climate of New-England, under such circumstances, will it not accomplish in Upper Canada under more favourable circumstances ? It is worthy of remark, that, in no State or City, where the Free-Scho •! System has been tried, has it bver been abandoned. The inhabitants of New-England who have tried it for two centuries, (and they are second to no people in their rigid notions of economy and individual rights,) re- gard it as the greatest blessing which their Country enjoys, and her highest glory. Other Cities, Towns and Stites are adopting the New- England System of supporting Schools, as fast as they become acqiininted with its principles am operations. The Great Economy op the Fbkb School System Explained and Illusteated. II. The second ground on which I commend this system of suppmting Common Schools to the favourable consideration, of those whom I address, is its cheapnefs to parents educating their children. I will select the example of one Municipal District, rather better than an aver- age specimen and the same mode of reasoning will apply to every Mun cipal District in Upper Canada, and with the same results. In one District there were reported Two Hundred Schools in operation in 1848 ; the average time of keeping open the Schuols was eight months ; the aver- age salaries of Teachers was £46 7s. Id , (8181.42) the total amount of the money available for the Teachers' Salaries, including the Legislative Grant, Council Equivalent Assessment and Ra'e- Bills, was £7,401 ISs. 4id ; (|29,607.67), thp whole number of pupils between the ages of five and sixteen years on the School Registers, was 9, 147 ; the total number of children between those ages resident in the District, 20 600 ; cost per pupil for eight mouths, about sixteen shillings (f3.20). Here it will be seen that more than one-half of the children of school nge in the Dis- trict were not attending any School whatever. Now. suppose the Schools be kept open the whole year, instead of two-thirds of it. suppose the Male and Female Teachers to b» equal in number, and the salaries of the former to average £60, (1240.) and those of the latter £-J0 ; ($160.) suppose the 20,600 children to be in the schools instead of 9,147 of them. The whole sum required for the salaries of the Teachers would be £10,000- ($40,000), the cost per pupil would be less than ten shillings (^2.)— less than five shillings ($1) per inhabitant— which would be reduced still further by deducting from the cost the amount of the Legislative School G ant. Thus would a provision be made for the education of every child in the District for the whole year ; there would be no trouble, or disputes, about quarterly School-Rate Bills ; there would be no difficulty in getting good Teachers ; the character and efficiency of the Schools wou'd be as much improved as the attendance of pupils would be increased ; every child would be educa- cated, and educated by the contribution of every man according to his property and means. Free Schools With Ki'.n.:.^ T/iachers are Invariably the Best anb Cheapest. III. This is also the most eflt^taal method of providing the best, as well as the cheapest. Schools for the youth of each School Section., Our Schools are often now poor and feeble, because a large portion of the best educated inhabitant* stand aloof from them, as unworthy of their support, as unfit to, from their inferioritj to eCr.'i&ln i'iie'v children. Thus the Common Schools are frequently left to the care and sup- or*: of the leasu .nstructed part of the population, and are then complained of as inferior in characc r a. f* badly supported. The Free- School Sys- tem makes every man a supporter of the School, acci-a'ng to his property. All persons, and especially the more wealthy,— who are thus financial!' uVjntified with the School. — will naturally feel interested in it ; they will be anxious that their contributions to the School should be as effective as possible, and that they themselves may derive, directly, or otherwise, all possible benefit from it. When the various inhabitants of a School Section thus become concerned in the School of that Section, its character and efficiency will inevitably be advanced. The more wealthy contributors with children will seek to make the school fit and efficient for the English education of these children ; the Trustees will be under no fears from the disinclination, or op- position, of particular individuals in employing a suitable Teacher and stipulating with him as to his salary ; and thus is the foundation laid for a good School, adapted to all the youth of the Section. The character of the School will be as much advanced as the expense of it to in- dividual parents will be diminished ; the son of the poor man, equally with "-he son of the rich man, will drink from the stream of knowledge at the common fountain, and will experience corresponding elevation cf thought, sentiment, feeling and pursuit. Such a sight cannot fail to gladden the hear*^ of Christian humanity in Upper Canada. Frkk-Schools the True and Effectual Remedy for the Pernicious and Pauperizing System at Present in use. IV. The Free School Svatem is the tru«-, and^ I thinks onlv effectual remedv for ihs isrr.i- cious and pauperizing system which is at present incident to our Common Schools. Many chil- dren are now kept from school on the alleged grounds of parental poverty. How far this excuse is well founded, is immaterial to the question in hand ; of the fact of the excuse itself, and of its wide-spread, deadning influence, there can be no doubt. Trustees of Schools are by law invest- ed with authority to exonerate poor parents, desirous of educating their children, from the pay- III ! ■ '11 w. ■78 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 Ciiap •^1. t'i meiit of a School-Rate Bill,— an additional amount of Rate-Bill being imposed upon the more wealthy parents of children attending the School ; in order to make up for the deficiencies occasion- ed by the exemption of the po irer parents. Such parents are thus invested with the character of paupers ; their children are educated as pauper children ; while other parents, sooner than at- tach to themselves and children such a designation, will keep their children from School alto- gether, thus entailing upon them the curse of ignorance, if not of idleness,in addition to the misfor- tune of poverty. Now, while one class of poor children are altogether deprived of the benetita of education by parental prido, or indifference ; the other class of them arc educated as paupers, or as ragged scholars. Is it not likely that children educated under this character, will imbibe the spirit of it ? If we would wish them to feel and act and rely upon themselves as free men, when they g ow up to minhood, let them be educated in that spirit, when young. Such is the spirit of the Free-School System ! It baniahes the very idea of pauperism from the School. No dhiid comes there by suflFerance ; bu- every one comes there upon the ground of riuiht. The poor man, as well as the rich man, pays for the support of the School according to his means ; and the right of his son to the School is thus as legal as is that of the rich man's son, It is true, that the poor man does not pay as large a tax in the abstract as his rich neighbour ; but he pays his proportion of the tax and should not, therefore, the less be entitle! to the protection of the law ; nor should it less entitle him to the advantages provided by law for the education of his chil- dren. The grovelling and slavish spirir, of p luperism becomes extinct in the atmosphere of the the ^ree School ! Pduperism and 'Poor Laws' are unknown in Free School Countries ; and a y» m of Free Schools would, in less than half a century, supersede their necessity in any try. The Comprehensive Educational Facilities and ^ dvantaoes of Free Schools. V. The system of Free Schools makes the best provision and furnishes the strongest induce- m (its for the education of every youth in each School Section of the land. To compel the edu- cf ion of children by the terror of legal 'pains and penalties,' is at variance with my ideas of the t le methol of promoting universal education ; but, to place before parents the strongest mo- tii^es for educating their children, and to provide the best facilities for that purpose, is alike the dictate of sound policy and Christian Patriotism. The quarterly Rate-Bill System holds out an inducement and temptation to a parent to keep his child from the School. The parent's temp- tation and difficulty is increased in proportion to the number of children he has to educate. The Rate-Bill is always sufficient to tempt the indifferent parent to keep his child, or children, from the School ; * it often compels the poor man to do so, or else to get them educated as paupers. In proportion to the amallness of attendance at the School will be the largeness of the Rate-Bill on each of the few supporters of it, in order to make up the salary of the Teacher ; and as the School diminishes in the number of its pupils, so will the Rnte-Bill increase on those that remain. The withdrawment of every pupil from the School, therefore, lessens the resources of the Trus- tees to fulfil their engagement with the Teacher, and increases the temptation to others to re- move their children also. Thus are the Trustees often embarrassed and perplexed ; Teachers are deprived of the just fruits of their labours ; — good Teachers retiring and poor one's substitu- ted ; — Schools often closed, and hundreds and thousands of children left wihout school instruc- tion of any kind. Now, the Free School System of supporting Schools puts an end to most of these evila. A rate being imposed upon each inhabitant of a School Section accf>rding to his property and means, provision is at once made for the education of every child in such Section. Every parent feels, that having paid his school rate,— whether little, or much, — he has paid what the law requires for that year's Common School education of all his children, and that they are all entitled, by law, to the benefits of the School. However poor a man may be, having paid what the law requires, he can claim the education of his children as a legal right, and not supplicate it as a pauper, or a beg^jar. His children go to the School, not in the character and spirit of ragged pauperism, but in the ennobling spirit of conscious right, and on equal vantage ground with others. Each parent, feeling, that he has paid for the education of his children, naturally desires, that they may have the benefit of it. While, therefore, the quarterly Rate-Bill per pupil is a temptation to each parent to keep his children from the School, the annual school rate upon property furmsiios each parent with a corresponding inducement to send his children tu school,— relieving Trustees, at the same time, from all fear and uncertainty as to the means of providing for the Teacher's Salary. It is not, therefore, surprising to find, that, wherever the Free School System has been tried in Upper Canada, or elsewhere, there the attendance of pupils at School has increased from fifty to three hundred per centum. The facilities thus provided for the education of each child in a School Section, will leave the ignorant, careless, or unnatural, parent without excuse for the educational neglect of his children. The finger of universal reproof and scorn pointed at him will prove more powerful tb-iTi statute law, and, without infringing any individual right, will morally compel him, in con- .. -ion 7.ith higher considerations, to send his children to School. This is the Hystem of "Con- puiaurj, f lucation," I wish to see everywhere in operation, — the compulsion ot provision for the *Wliat i. *- e indicatefl is shown to have oc(;iirre.! in vai'ious schools, on testimony cited by Doctor Rverson, in submit- ♦if or hia T>-„^o u/ School lUU in 1846. See Page 70 of the .Sixth Volume of this Documentary History. I universal education of child i en,— the compulsion of their universal right to be educated,— the CDBipulsion of uuiverdal interest in the Sjhool,— the oompu sion of universal concentrated opin- io;; in behalf of the education of every c'lild in the land. Under such a system, in the course of ten years, an uneducated Canadian youth would be and should be regarded as a phenomenon. Rate Bills Often a Source of Neiohbour.s' Disputes, While School Rates Up .n Pkopekty, Being EyuiTAiiLE, Pkoduce None. VI. The System of Free Schools may also be commended upon the ground of its tendency to promote unity and mutual regard aminer the inhabitants of each school division. The imposi- tion of quarterly Rate Bills isasourceof • .uent neighbourhood disputes and divisions. The im- position of an annual rate upon all the ini/^oitants of a School Section, according to property, puts an end to quarterly Rate-Bill disputes and divisions, unites the feelings, as well as its inter- ests of all, in one object, and tends to promote that unity and mutual regard, which a unity of object and a oneness of interest are calculated to create. The care and interest of one will be the care and interest of all — that is, to have the best School possible;— and the intellectual light of that School, like the material light of heaven, will freely beam upon every child in the School Section. Fhee Schools are most Consonant with the true Principles and ends of the Civil Government. "VII. I think the system of Free Schools is, furthermore, most consonant with the true principles and ends of civil government. Can a more noble and economical provision be made f ir the security of life, liberty and property, then by removing and preventing the accumu- lation of that ignorance and its attendant vices, which are the great source of insecurity and danger, and the invariable pretext, if not justification, of despotism? Are any natural rights more fundamental and sacred than those of children to such an education as wdl fit thom for their duties as citizens ? If a parent is amenable to the laws, who takes away his child's life by viol- ence, or wilfully exposes it to starvation, dof s he less violate the iaherent rights of the child in exposing it to moral and intellectual starvation ? It is nohle to recognize this inalienable right of infancy and youth, by providing for them the means of education to which they are entitled,— not as children of particular families, but as children of our race and Country, and how i)erfectly does it harmonize with the true principles of Civil Government, for every man to support the laws and all institutions desig ed for the common good, according to his ability. This is the acknowledged principle of all just taxation ; and it is the true principle of universal educa- tion. It links every man to his fellow-man in the obligations of the common interests ; it wars with that greatest, meanest foe to all social advancement, — the isolation of selfish individuality; and implants and nourishes the spirit of true patriotism, by making each man feel, that the wel- fare of the whole society in his welfare,— that collective interests are first in order of import- tance and duty, and separate interests are second. And such relations and obligations have their counterpart in the spirit and injunctions of oar Divine Christianity. There, while every man is required to bear his own burden according to his ability, the strong are to aid the weak, and the rich are to supply the deficiencies of the poor. This is the pervading feature and an- imating spirit of the Christian Religion ; and it is the bisis of that system cf supporting Public Schools which demands the contribution of the poor man, according to his penury, and of the rich make according to his abundance. Objections Against the Free School System Considered and Discussed. VIII. But, against this System of Free Schools, certain objections have been made ; the principal of which I will consider and answer : — Firsf Objection: "The Common Schools are not fit to educate the children of the higher classes of society, and, therefore, these classes ought not to be taxed for the support of the Com- mon Schools." Aiisxver. The argument of this objection is the very cause of the evil on which the object- ion itself is founded. The unnatural and unpatriotic separation of the wealthier classes from the Common School has caused its ineflBciency and alleged inferiority, if not degradation. Had the wealthy classes been identified with the Common School equally with their poorer neigh- bours, — as is the case in Free School Countries, — the Common School would have been fit for the education of their children, and proportionally better than it now is for the education of the children of the more numerous common classes of society. In the Free School Cities and of other Countries and States, the Common Schools are acknowledged to be the best Elementary Schools in such Cities and States ; so much so, that, for instance, the Governor of the State of iViasoaciiuaetls remarked al a iaLe Sciiooi (Jeiebration, that if lie had the riches of a millionare, he would send all his children through the Common School to the highest institutions in the State. If the wealthy classes can support expensive Private Schools, their influence and exer- tions would elevate the Common School to an equality with, if not superiority over, any Private School, at less expense to themselves, and to the great benefit of their less affluent neighbours. /I 1 {• ''■ '■ . '• » !■■■ . I 'i h' \ 80 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 •an The suoport of the education, which is essential for the good of all, siiould be ma • jail for the confinement and punishment of - School for education in knowledge and virtue ■ majority are the rule of procedure ; and in all frei iivrih. Should it be said, that jails are necess- nte ihey more so than Common Schools ? Is a .•u 'js more important to a community, than a *ii all good governments, the interests of the vernments, the voice of the majority deter- mines what shall be done by the whole population for the common interests, without reference to isolated individual cases of advantage, or disadvantage, of inclination, or disinclination. Does not the Common School involve the common interests ; and the Free-School System supposes a tax upon all the majority, for the education of all! 2. I observe again on this Second Objection, that what it assumes as fact, is not true. It assumes, that none are benefited by the Common School, but those who patronize it. This is the lowest, narrowest and most selfish view of the subject, and indicates a mind, the most con- tracted and unenlightened. This view applied to a Provincial University, implieo, that no persons are benefit;od by it, except Graduates ; applied to criminal jurisprudence and its requis- ite Officers and Prisons, it supposes that none are benefited by them except those whose persons are rescued from the assaults of violence, or whose property is restored from the hands of thieves ;— applied to Canals, Harbours, Roads, etcetera, this view assumes, that no persons derives any benefit from them, except those who personally navigate, or travel over, them. The fact is, that whatever tends to diminish crime and lessen the exptnses of criminal jurisprudence, enhances the value of a whole estate of a Country, or District ; and is not this, the tendency of good Common School Education ? And who has not witnessed the expenditure of more money in the detection, impris' nment and punishment of a single uneduc- ated criminal, than would be necessary to educate in the common school half a dozen children ? '•♦Is it not better to spend moneyupon thechild, than upon the culprit, — to prevent crime rather than to punish it ? Again, whatever adds to the security of property of all kinds, increasfsits value ; and does not the proper education of the people do so ? Whatever, also, tends to develop the physical resources of a Country, must add to the value of property ; and is not this the tendency of the education of tue people." Is not educatiou, izi fact, the power of the people to make all the resources of their country, tributary to their interests and comforts ? * And is not * Never wds this dcctrine, (so ably expounded as it was here by Dr. Bverson fifty years ago,) of the results of practical education,— especially trained scientific education,— so universally believed and held, as it is to day. Witness the career of Germany in the matter of industrial education and its results, also of Great Britain and the United States. Chap. IV. APPEAL OF CHIEF Sr PERI NTEK DENT IN FAVOU'^ OP FREE SCHOOLS. 8i this the moM obvioua and piomintut distinguishing feature betweun an educated ana aa uneducated p. ople— the power of the former to utilize the resourcps of » Country, und the ence and make thonj powerl* jsness of the latl r, ti> develope these resources of nature and P subservient to human interests tinil enjoyments ? Can this be done v of p'operf y ? I verily believe, ■ balance of gnin financially is on intellectual power, and in t) r gain proportionally, I think ui" Aa an illustration, take any twu fertility of soil, ligont, thriftluu t, in tho sound and utiivursal eui side ot « wealthier classes. If sources ot vidual and social happi than propori lona. /, in the enhiinced * .^■igh^)ournood^ , equal in advantages of situation and naturni he one inhabited by an ignorant and, therefore, unenterprisiiifj, unint«l- if not disorderly, population ; the other peopled with a well educated, and. '^"asing the value ho people, the ■ n:r clasars t(ain in a, the richer cla»N<^8 le f>f their property therefore, enterprising, intei: s^ent ar 1 it. lustrious, class of inhabitants. The difference m tho value of all real estat- in the two nuighbourhoods is, ton, it not a hundred, fold greater than the amount of school tax, that haa o/er been imposed upon it. And^etitist result of tho t caching in the School that makes the difference ui tlio tw< noighb. arhoods ; ana the larger the field of experiment th» more marked will be the difference. Hence, in these School Countries, f^here the experiment lias been so tested as to bocome a system, th< i ■ are no warmer advocates of it than men of tho largest property and the greatest intelligence and the ablest statesmen. -t*Mi profoundest scholars Third Objection. It ' • also been objected, that •' tho Ian taxed for the support of b^ -ols in the vicinity of such lands." of the School Soctions in which such lands are situated are co, those lands by their labours and improvements, and are, therefo the shape of a local school tax, from such absentee landholders. bsentees ought not to be o^"S^^''S^ ^. Mr. Henry Dundas, Secretary of State for the Colonies, in November. 1792. His Excellency declares : " That the best security of a just government must consist in the morality of the people, and that such morality has no true oasis but in Religion. " ' r r > In his letter to the Bishop of Quebec,— 30th April, 1795,— he says : "The people of this Province enjoy the forms, as well at; the privileges, of the British Constitution ' J "i- i. ^ 5*^^ . means of governing themselves, provided they shall become sufficiently capable and enlightened to understand their relative situation, and manage their own power to the public interest. . . To this end a liberal education seeros indispensably necessary, and the completion of such education requires the establishment of a University to inculcate sound religious principles, pure morals, and refined manners." J ^ f , f^ix, General Simcoe. as was very natural, desired that the Clergy qualified to fill the Chairs in the University should, if possible, be Englishmen, because none such were yet to be found in the Colony ; and this to continue uutill we could bring them up among ourselves. A few pious and learned men, of rational zeal and primitive manners, would secure the interest and union of Church and State, and constitute a University which might, indue time, acquire such a char- -ter as to become the place of education to many persons beyond the extent of the King's Domi s. Unhappily for the Province, General Simcoe was recalled toJiU a higher station, before ins wise and extensive plans for the nrosperous advance of the Province could be carried out • but fi^n^'''^"^ '"J favour of Education were not altogether lost, for the Legislature in the Sprine of 1797, soon after his departure, addressed the King by petition, to appropriate a portion of thi waste lands of the Crown for the support of Grammar Schools, and a College, or a University. § To this Address a most gracious answer was received from His Majesty, King George III through the Duke of Portland, then Secretary of State for the Colonies, in which His Maiestv expresses his readiness to show his patronal regard for the welfare of his subjects in the further- *?°t .^.l". .^®*'*^^M™P*''"**'^*^ *" *^® instruction of youth in sound leaining and the principles of the Christian Religion. f f For this purpose, Mr. President Russell, then Administrator of the Government of Upper CMiada was directed to consult the Members of the Executive Council, and the Judges and Law Ofhcers of the Crown m Upper Canada, and to report ir what manner, and to what extent, a portion of the Crown Lands might be appropriated and rendered productive towards the forma- tion of a fund for [these important objectsi the establishment of Free Schools in those Districts in which they were called for, and. "in due course of time, for establishing other Seminaries of a larger and more comprehensive nature." for instructing the youth in " Religious and moral learn- ing," and " the study of the Arts and Sciences." The Report (of the Law Officers and Judge8)|| advises the establishment of two Grammar hchools, as sufficient, at the time, for the wants of the Province, and to defer that of the Uni- versity, as not yet [required] necessary. It recommends the appropriation of Five Hundred i/iouaand acresof the waste Lands of the Crown— one-half for the Grammar Schools, and the other half for the endowment of the University when it should be required. But, as Lands in 1798 were only of nominal value, and without ready sale, even at ninepence Halifax currency per acre, or eight pence steriing. it was found unadvisable to take any further [step] measures, at that time, because the whole appropriation would not have produced a sum sufficient for the reasonable endowment and building of the two Grammar Schools. 153 1B4 o?thP F'!!Srv„*i,'?II,rn,*'lli'"n^*''* "* P^^V^.^ " History of Education in Upper Canada," and printed on pages 159 of the same Volume! Documentary History. See Doctor Strachan's reference to the subject on page 158, t Bee reference U. the Simcoe Letters and Papers on pages lu— 14 of the same First Volume. t See page 12 of the same First Volume. the LnHon^fhv'Jho nTJ^'jff P:;?!f*H"''n' ?' "'*."5' '^e answer to it (which was of a more comprehensive character than mentory H"8torv. Portland, Colonial Secretary, will be found on pages IC, 17 of the first Volume of this Docu- II Ibid, pages 20-23. 84 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 1/ t menUreArvrS.fgftf' ''' ^""P"' °' «^'*^""^'°« «* University was frequently Land' R^TvaSn madet m? t"dlt*t dlTruffil^r "'JJ "^ TH'^''-*«'* '<> '^e School it] Us appropru^tio.., they recoi:;;^!^'^^ X^^^^^^^ - c-fiming of the Province, to request of Her MaisBtv'a «nv«rnm3 . A ^^eregrine Maitland, the Governor and dispose of the sai2 fiOO.WO acres o&%i^^L°^^^^^^ *° ««"• l^'"'?. S^ant Jton n,a« o6«a«^d, they state ^hatTen fhou^d pouZTlO S^^ ""'^ '^ ^f ''""''- the necessary Buildings with an endowment of FoT Thousand WlLdsLto"'""^** ^ ^""^ meet the payment of Salaries and other Expenses.] ^°°""*''** pounds, (£4,000,) per annum to the %W Matl^matics and Mec/tantr/ffilX * and m 7^7 ' tl^Prannce the Elements of lished in each and every Didrict, as nwseriesfXhe c^uLl^JfSr'T ■ ^*"«™7''"i'^'^' """^ «^<«^- seem to have been taken for mkZ vmrl^ iZZjTlt^^*"^ Umyemty. f No further steps law was parsed to increase thrSseitSion o7the AnT ""K^^'T,' ^."^' '° ^^^O, when a things, provided : Kepresentation of the House of Assembly, it was, among other Coi^S^^^^r^/o'nlhe^ljl^^^^^^ Lord Bathurst, immediate establishment,— university, and of the incalculable importance of its common attachment to our ConstituS ancircor^n ftlfn"/^ circumstances that must produce a astical establishment, is an object sSdentlv desSle tha Tn/.r^!"' ''"^ ?5^"*^"" ^''' «"'' «««1««- attentior. •" «*''aenu3 aesirable that I need not press it upon your Lordship's " Your Lordship is aware that about Four HnnHrpH nnH Wiff,, ti,„ j ,. » , set apart, as a provision for this obiect • but aomi^f I^lt t ^^'^ Thousand acres of Land have been of being in large blocks, like in tracts at nrlLnt 1^ . f ^"''.l', *''""«'* ^^^^^ P«««««« 'he advanUge of thosi is not of the first quality ^ *^ *™'" ^^^l^^^n^^. and a considerable portion thes:iL\^reTc'hangTd fi?^^^^^^^ - e-" P^-d to grant a Royal Province of Upper Canada one ColWe wifh fhL' ^V^t*^ "^ing at or near the Town of York, in the tionandinstru^c^ionofytvK^^rA^e^K^^^^^ perann^ras"ff:ndrS?ngThefe^^ 'YT' "-thousand pounds furnished by the Canada CornA^irS'^tS^.Z'SX^l^^^^^^^ ^^^ --y« Volume'' '"''' "'*'°''^"^ '""' -tabliBhment of these Common Schools will be found on pages 60, 61 of the same First t The Act of providing for this representation is printed on page 174 of the same First Volume 8 :=cc page -.-us ot tl.e First Volume of this I>ocuu.entary History. II Jbtd pages 222-22S. thi,lL'uT^S?f H^iiS"""' '" '""'' ' """'''' °°""''" '"'« •"«^-'»"^ '" 1««2 see page 228 of iheSecond Volume of Chap, y, DR. strachan's history of kino's college, from 1797 to 1850. 86 tjf Education an J toundation of a Lniversity, as suggested in your Despatch of 19th December, 18-25. and more fully detaded in Doctor Strachan's Report of the lOth March, 1826,* and you will proceed to endow King s Lollege with the said Crown Reserves with as little delay as po8i)ible."t The Charter thus obtained was the most open that had ever been granted, or that could have oeen granted at the time by the British Government, and the endowment conferred upon the University which it created was truly munificent and amply sufficient to carry out the objects which George the Third had ir view, when he directed the appropriation of land to bo made videlicet :— The instruction of the Youth of the Province in sound learning and Religion. Nor Tfu ^^^e^eoojocts forgotten by King George the Fourth, for they are embodied in the preamble of the Charter which he granted ;— " r ''Wher^s the establishment of a College within Our Province of Upper Canada, in North Amer- ica, for the Education of Youth in the principles of the Christian Religion, and for their instruction in the various branches of Science and Literature, which are taught in Our Universities of this Kingdom, would greatly conduce to the welfare of the Province," etcetera. On receiving the Charter, Sir Peregrine Maitland lost no time in forming the College Coun- <5il, and securing the Endowment by Patent (in 1828)+; and. had he not been promoted to a high- «r (Government, King s College would ha' e very soon begun the business of instruction. In the meantime the enemies of the Church, deeming the conditions of the Charter too favourable to her Spiritual interests, made a clamor that attracted, in 1828, the attention of a Committee of^the House of Commons, then sitting on the Civil Government of Canada; and the members of the Church of England in Upper Canada, having been incorrectly stated as verv few m number, the Committee in their Report recommended the establishment ( f two Theological Professors,— one of the Church of England and another of the Church of Scotland ; but that, with respect to the President, Professors and all others connected with the College, no Religious lest whatever should be required, but that the Professors, (with the exception of the Theological ITofessor,) should sign a declaration that, as far as it was necessary for them to advert in their lectures to Religious subjects, they would distinctly recognize the truth of the Christian Revela- tion, and abstain altogether from inculcating particular doctrines. § Nothing came of this lecora- mendation, for the Charter, with the exception of the CoUe'^e Council, was more open than the Committee suggested, and steps to appoint a Theologic- ' Professor of the Church of Scotland were afterwards rendered unnecessary, as that Church obtained a Royal Charter establishing a Lollege with Universiity powers, exclusively their own, and which is now in operation 11 But, although no action was had on the recommendation of the Committee of the British House of Commons, it did infinite mischief, as it appeared to imply that a Royal Charter might be altered and remodelled ; and even after that, ^^~ becaaie a constant object of annual clamor and attack. IT After Sir Peregrine Maitland's departure, the University met with much unworthy treat- ment, and no protection from the Head of the Colonial Government ; and thus eight years were ^st in ceaseless opposition to an Institution, which would have conferred upon the youth of the Province that liberal education they desired, and the loss of which can never be retrieved. Unfortunately, this continued opposition to the University had at length an influence upon the Impels. Government, for, in January, 1832, a Despatch from LoM Goderich, now Lord Kipon was laid before the College Council, proposing to the Members of the Corporation to surrender their Royal Charter, together with the Endowment, on the assurance from the Secre- tary of State, that no part of the Endowment should ever be diverted from the education of youth. In an able Report, the Council stated their reasons for refusing compliance with this extra - OTdinary request, and that they did not think it right to concur in surrendering the Charter of Kmg s College, or its Endowment. The College Council further observed— "That they did not feel, or profess to feel, a sufficient assurance that ; after they had assented to destroy a College, founded bj' their Sovereign, under [an] as unrestricted and open a Charter as had ever passed the Great Seal of England for a similar purpose, the diflferent Branches of the Legislature would be able to concur in establishing another that would equally secure to the inhabitants of this Colony, through successive generations, the possession of a Seat of Learning in which Religious Know- ledge should be dispensed, and in which case should be taken to guard against those occasions of in- stability, dissonsion and confusion, the foresight of which had led, in our Parent State, to the making an uniformity oi Religion, in each University throughout the Empire, an indispensable feature in its * Printed on pages 211-215 of the First Volume of this Documentary History. t Pages 225, 226 of the same First Volume of this Documentary Historj'. sisoifge "l^nhe Thrrd V^f»!?,| ""'"""^ °" P*K«« 237, 238 of the sam.. First Volume of this Documentary History. See § In regard to the Report of the Imperial Parliament See Chapter XLVI of the same First Volume. Histo^' '^"''■^ **' ^^^^ Charter of Queen's College, Kingston, see pagds 84-88 of the Fourth Volume of this Documentary oiu l^nii°^^^%Z^■^Ji\?*,'^ Colonial Legislature to alter and amend a Royal Charter, See discussion on the subject on pages ifj*-iiv or the Third Volume of this Documentary History. Is ' 11 . ?f 1 86 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 185(> ' .♦ - will be eZcted b^ttlm *''^2f. 2"f *^°".t ^"^ ^f ore many years will have elapsed more than a million to th?«Tf?w- ^ ^*l'°?.?'*,T^*''''"'^.P''°^'^*^®"*«'™o'* minutely into the perseverinK opposition ^Liw **l"'''",®"*^ *"( *^^ University during the followinR five yeai^. It ^ howeve?^Glln SlatZ Sri ?«ff' ,P««»»»;"r« o' Uppir Canada len'ding iLl? to Lt^y an In;i tS; calculated to chensh aflFection to the Govomment and the purest principles of Religion. ^r,A -^'J ^f*ncJ8 Bond Head, on his accession to the Government, guided bv that ardent snirif- DrLZf flfjr -^1. «8tabli8htng the Omversity ; and although he could not, with prudence K relictentlfJlrJ''''™ "^^^^^.S^ome changes in the Charter, to which the' Cdlege Sounc" SrJher iin^valLr *"" ''^"^^'"^"fc. ^e deserved great praise for discountenancing 1« tlwch'';?on^«H'in^f^'°i.'**"!''^ ^^ *•*" ^'^ ""^ ^^37. 7th William the Fourth, Chapter irolr adopted all the alterations of its more reasonabln opponents Sir Francis B Hefd ■^nt^e^ti::iZti::V^'^^^^^^^ -^^ '^^^^'^^ ^^^ meaSLs'nlst'r; frb^&gSgft Sy^o beSn^ Tn^ Pr^f" *" *^« P'-^li'n'na?^ steps were arranged, -contracts for Buflding* S 1837 broke o^' Id tr^lT"^ """* Teachers about to be appointed,-the political disturbances by that aSel°d"'lnTe1;end7nt'ruC."P^"'^ '""' *°^ ""'''' ^*^«'^' «-"-* ™-"- P-i-^ed durin1fSiVtwoTllo!Tnr»d ^- ^^'l?"'""' Sir Francis B. Head resigned the Government, and. ofTnVs'^cXriLHryo^trr^^^^^^^^ ^«'« ^^^ -P-^-^ theUnivW or.n^ilT'^!? ^3*^ Ch-ries .<8«ot assumed the Government in 1842, King's College eneazed his Th^ Wn'""'- ^^'Pg'^T'^f a scholar and University man, he saw the vasfimSnce of such a Seminary m a rising Country, and he set his heart upon its immediate estabUshment tration 3S"c"ome''ii\nrrf'*'"*^ ff^'^u ^^^ '"i^"?*' '^^ ^"' distinguished act of his adminis- the 23rd Sf ApXlSi^^ ' ^^ Foundation-stone of the contemplated Building, on practTce^o7chrf«!?f«n«";n'l1i ""'' '1'^"° ?*°T' '''^^ P'^y^'^ and praise, for it has been the K and LSun?e ''^''' "nd«rtakmgany work of importance, to seek for Divine A- A -^ithough Sir Charles Bagot was not spared to witness the opening of King's College which tetThe Ir^Hnt" *^'•''> *^""f; '^' i r*' '^"""g ^'« '^-«"^«d mne« hVneverTe^sed to ever beSrre^^^^^^^^^ '"* "**'"'' ''"' ''' "^'"^'y' ^" "--«"- -^^^ king's College, will iK.litS?beirfna*^hf w.?''-*"''!?*° ^^^^""^ '^? suppression. King's College, notwithstanding the. ^gor^slv fn 35 acadlw/"^"'^'''''"^*^'*'"'^?"-^'? '*^ ?"'''^' ^"^ «^«**^y increased, proceeded SfnomW nn- .n • T ''^^l^\''^^ was .^taming, through its scholars, who belonged to all JJenommations. an influence which was rapidly increasing throughout the Province Parents of EnrrS^*""' '" ''" ^i'^'^"" ^h^a^^ter, and, as none, but students be^St" the Church were nttenrd'^^On'th '" "'^'"^ '?k' Chapel morning and evening, aober-^miSded Dissenters Ssed th?n hL„2. > contrary the knowledge that pray, r was offered up twice every day IiiStion "^""^ * '^^'"" '°"^ ^° '^^ '*^°'^" ^f ^'^'^ '^^y*"^ sanctified thl ..JT|'''„5^1^f*l°t,'.ll* King's College Coun-^il to surrender the Charter of the King's ro!le.m iTpiv„,.in. ...ip... f„.,,,rt ,V n, ft,, paj;„ 32-0/ uf the Thiru voium*' or this Documentary History. " li-i. — i-.. ...i. .... fcjnft, i;. t This Act is printed on pages 88, 89 of the same Third Volume. t See an account of this Ceremony on pages 202-209 of the Fourth Volume of this History. 8 Pull particulars of the opening of King's College are given on pages 277-292 of the same Fourth Volume of this History. Chap. V. DR. strachan's history of kino's college, from 1797 to 1850. 87 The students rapidly increased, and the strict impartiality of treatment was universally ttcknowleged. But, instead of conciliating its enemies, these proofs of prosperity and fair dealing increased their animosity. They became alarmed that King's College, if left unmolested for a few years, would gain a popularity among all the truly religious in the Province, and place itfcielf in a position of safety which they could not disturb. Hence they allowed it no peace. Session after Session of the Legislature, it was assailed, and, after defeating three [four! successive Measures— (that of 1843, and those of. 1846, 1846 and 1847)— for its destruction, its friends became weary, and the fourth attempt in 1849, has, unfortunately, proved successful. King's College was opened for instruction in June, 1843, and, in the followint? November, Mr. Attorney-General Baldwin introduced a Bill, by the provisions of which it would have been destroyed, and an University established in its room, altogether political in its bearing, cumber- some and unwieldy in its enactments, and from which Religion was totally excluded. But, on examination, it was found so clumsy and impracticable in its details, and some of them so puerile and Billy, that the Bill, before it was half discussed, became a subject of general merriment and ridicule, and its Author was glad to permit it to sink into oblivion.* It is not, therefore, necessary to enter into [its details] the particulars of the Measure of which its promoters are ashamed ... The Political party favourable to this Measure lost the management of public affairs, and their opponents, who professed to be Conservatives, became the administrators of the Government. It was now hoped that King's College would be left in peace, and be allowed to win its way, as it was rapidly doing, in the affections of the people. But, instead of permitting it to proceed in its onward course, the new Draper Ministry, as they were called, yielded to the clamor of a most insignificant faction, and introduced a Measure, m 1845, respecting the Institution, little, better than that of their opponents. For its revolutionary character and demerits it is sufficient to refer to the Memorial ot the Visitors of the College, being also the Judges of the Supreme Court. + It might have been hoped, that, as each of the two parties had attempted to remodel Fing B College, and had signally failed, it would have been left in future unmolested. But this was not to be. The Conservatives made other attempts in 1846 and 1847, which, though in some respects better, because there are degrees of evil, was nevertheless, liable to the most serious objections ; but the last one of them, having been introduced late in the Session, it was allowed to drop, and soon after its authors were driven from power, and the Reformers again held the rein of Government. This party, not discouraged by their former failure, introduced the Measure in 1849, s ippres- smgKingc College, of which, as it became law on the first of January, 1850, we now complain. It 18 by the same hand as the Bill of 1843, though not quite so unwieldy, being reduced from 102 to 82 Sections. It is, nevertheless, equally blighting in its provisions, and hostile to Religion, as will be seen from the Petitions presented against itl and remarks on its prinoiital provisions In the Preamble of the University Act of 1849, it is said, that a College is sought to be established for the advancement of learning, and " upon principles calculated to conciliate the confidence and insure the support of all classes and denominations of Her Majesty's subjects," and which, '' under the blessing of Divine Providence ", would ** encourage the pursuit of Literature, Science and Art, and thereby tend to promote the best interests,— Religious, Mor- al and Intellectual, of the people at large. " Now it must be admitted, that these are, in themselves, noble and important objects. But. upon what principles does the Statute promise their attainment ? Could its Framer believe that confidence was to be conciliated,— the support of the people insured, and the blessing of Divme Providence obtained, and the best interests. Religious, Moral, and Intellectual promoted by a College, whose constitution ordains, in its Twenty-ninth Section, and repeated again in the Sixty-fourth : '♦ That no Religious test, or qualification, whatsoever, shall be required of, or '^^ appointed for, any person admitted or matriculated, etcetera". Nor shall Religious .. Sr u^*"°®*' *"*'°''***"^ '°*^® ^**''"" of any Religious Denominations, be imposed upon the Members, or Officers, of the said University, or any of them." To speak of the interests of Religion being promoted by an Institution from which every reference to it is, by law, excluded, is an unworthy mockery. But, on this point, the people have already spoken. The four great Denominations of Christians, embracing almost two- thirds of the population, have resolved to have no connection with such an Institution ; how far their example will be followed by the smaller Religious Denominations has not yet been ascertained. * This Bill, in externa, is printed on pajfes 01-87 of the Filth ^'olume of this Documentary History. t This Memorial is printed on pages 169, 170 of the same Fifth Volume of this History. ciJ ^""^'^^ °' these Petitions are printed on pages 123-129 ; a Petition in its favour, from the Council of King's College, is given on pages 129-132. obi |.i i" I.' I ■'•■■; I i' B' 88 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 t ■ 'I •I If. I ft I The Church of RomeVaJaoV.".". }^bP^ The Wesleyan Mefchodiata. also ..■■.". ^3'Jl TheKirk„f Scotland, alHO.....;; ^^0,363 Thoae who will not profit by the Uni^ei^ity of Toronto! ! ! .' ! ' ! ! ! ! ! ! '. ! ! ! '. ] .' . . ._ 453,721 Leaving to profit by this Measure " Scottish Free Church in Upper Canada «. ^„„ Congregationalists in Upper Canada " - ^ ' " 1 *. 1 ! '. ! ". ! ! ! '. ! ' ! ! ! ! ! ! ' " 20 372 To be further deducted.. 85,101 Leaving to profit by the new College at Toronto TZTZ lo/, 170 eatftbS,5*^t®""® complained that the Provincial law of 1820 conferred on the University when To this complaint Lord Goderich replies : In the following paragraph Lord Goderich adds • enlarged sense of the term This is nnt m^r^u, tv.^ «..„* ^ V • l T^'. legitimate and more *A copy of the Despatch will be found on pa^es 112, 113, of the Second Volume of t,hi= noonmentat-y Hi^^;;;;: n regard to this notable '.Grievance" Report. See Chapter X, page 187. of the same Second V^^e ' 174oY?h;T«t VoIumeTfthisttrr^^^^^ '" *'^« L^^""-**"-. seepages 138. 141, 153, 169 and i See pages 112, 113, 116 and 188 of the Second Volume of this History. Chap. V. DR. STRACHAN'S HISTORY OF KINO'S COLLEGE, FROM 1797 TO 1850. 89 can be best constituted for the general advantage of the whole society j and His Maiestv has stiuiiouslv ubstainedfrom the exercise of his undoubted prerogative of founding 3 endfwCliterarr or Re &crirc?~?''^ ^''^"'^ °'^''^" *'^ ^^''^« °' ^^« RepreU'atrvtT/rS^'f^^^h!, These are all the passages in this extraordinary Despatch which touch unon Kina's r^oll«o« ?he pice ' *"* '""'"'""'^ """^^ "«*•""' ^"^•y institution and man of chaSer S Nove^b\^ri!^b':rtt'*i:st^ngTrr^^^^^^^^ ^"^'**''°" ^''^'^' *«' •« '^'^^^^^ *»>«2ndof the cScTCZgTan?'^"''^'"'"' "' ''" ^°"^«^' ''^ -^ ^^''"'^ ^««*'"«' °^ « P-^«««- «' D-inity of datio'^n^L^t^rLlii^dil S'e^TtSVer;".^"^^^ '" '''^ '"« ^^ ^""'^ Royal recomn.n- ie.o^^:i:X^:^S^ - ^^^^^ there be any P™. onlyfelerSVi^fJlT^TcoHe^^^^ .nn^a1"°i*'-®%'''T."' !*^"*l*7 ^singeauous, for using the wronj{ Despatch is, that the invitation rrjtTin^JJL'SSni?^^^^^^^^^^^ °' ''' '"' ^^ ^"^^"^'^'' ^«''' -^' ^'^-^^ ^""5^ -'^^^^^^ In that year the Statute of 1837, (7th William the Fourth. Chapter 16).t was passed amend- ngthe Charter of King's College, in which all the reasonable objecLns madraSitTp to iT^Jr^}* ^ere fairly met, and. in which, the majority never would have concS had tLy not believed that it was a fanil settlement of the question. Since then no fresh invitaSonhM thrctrtTo^ ^ ?Xegr ''' '^"^'^^""'^"^ ^^ ''' ^°^°"^' '^ ^--^-' ^ -collJ t^me."wUh Victotrctpt'st) tVthSSr^^^^^^^ ^"-"^'^ ^-' °^ 1«^« a2th Having thus deprived King's College of its Charter, Religious Character, and FEndowmentl vesTit in\hl*n«*V^"°''^.-' ''^ *h« Th,«-ty-8econd Section, to%onfi8cate its EnSoiSent. a™d ti Trds of thrL dl^nf K*'°" ' ""^^ 'vu"' '" ^^^r'^ ""^ ^^^ ^"'^^ "* t»»« Crown expressed in the words of three different Kings, and. with as much coolness, as if there had been no such pledges securftv of /if n '' ".° ?°7«™^»T- «° "Loral turpitude in a proceeding, which strikes at th^ security of all property in the Colony. But it is quite superfluous to extend these remarks to the many clauses of the Statute of 1849, (12 Victoria, Chapter 82). We have eSewhere observed that the leading features of the Measure may be reduced to three • «^8«^here exclud^ ^"*^"^^ wishes of the people, for almost two-thirds are [totally] viH^uxlly lecralfvlS.Jt'h ^?''*"j'^T>*° ^^^'Sion.' «'«^ especially to the Church o) England, for no man dare legally repeat the Lord s Prayer within the Halls of the University of Toronto t«ndfn„Vo Z^TkV.*^ *^t ^^P^^^"^^ ^^'ifhes or three Sovereigns, and hev, to everything tending to the stability of the Crown. Only two points worthy of notice remf The Statute nrS." rT'°"" J"*^°"'^ ^^'^^ ¥•"•«*«"• Ecclesiastics, and Teachers of Rei.M on. and even Sofo^l Pwir'" M?K r^^^^ng /h«m to be Members of the Senate, so that in a C Se not one Clergyman will belong to the Institution except it be one Teacher, or Minister from each of such Incorporated Collegiate Institutions, or Universities, in Upper Canadarshal Ts pro- itfnTlZlt^ i\f' -5H^Veme» the' sStute in retln IburCrdatfon t^^ plti T;^ * ® connection or incorporation, merely consists in the admissions of one UtST„« «. If t""" r? "* *'^^ The«logicar Colleges, to a seat in the Senate. Now this B^y rMemWl i 1 ^7";:y-*^°' or Twenty-three, Members, and what influence could one solitS IMember] Representative posess for the benefit of his [respective Collecel own InstitntionT Uif not evident that the affiliated Colleges [would be entitelyV^a throS tTe shade by Thl colos ?o eSnTSrI-T*" 7'?.°"^' Religion or Moral training would become helpless^andt^nMe ffb! n ? their discipline to their own youths of early age, or possess the means of enforcing ?« emnWrnr/.rL''^"^*'T'^ ', 4"^. ""^'^ ^^^^ ^ attempt tc overcome this difficulty, Vy the? Tould ! m fIil"Tn/Jb«* Pf ^^^^'^^ ^^o take charge of [the younger] their own stud;nts! S* .° r •?! ' »Tthe customs and Regulations of the secular and [Godless! ioroer and hnn^fi^fli t!^^ L^t^^^ ' ^ ^^"H'' ^^^^ ^P^^^ ^®^"'^® "" equivalent, how much more easy and beneficial to add to Queen's and Victoria Colleges, two, or three. Professors in Arts [or * Printed on paijes .55, 56 of the Second Volume of this Documentary Histor\- f Given on pages 89, 89 of the Third Volume of this History. : This Act is printed on pages 147-166 of the Eiehth Volume of this History. i' 1 1.^ 90 DOCUMKNTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATIOV IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 r.^ thus ^ivins;] to eiuible them to give their retpectivo Youtha a complete eduration, Boientific and Keligious? To acquire the pure [Religious] kiunvledge and practice of Religion, it must enter into all thoir actions, and cannot be separated from their daily life, becau'ie the chief end of our being is to prepare for [eternity] the world to con.e. The very presence of these various Ihoologioal Colleges [will] «!o«W have a most [contradictory] injnriom effect [on the Colleael Became the University of Toronto, which proscribes Religion, and treats all its forms as matters of indiflerence [cannot] toUl have no disposition to enforce upon these Pupils, who belong not to theae affiliated Colleges, any revererce for Holv things.— Hence, from the very first, we shall have a corps of Infidels growing up and, like all the wicked, eager to [extend their views! make proKlytea, by stirring up strife [between] omotij/ the youth attached to the different Col- leges, and holding up the Colleges themselves as a proof that there is no difference, as to the comparative goodness, between them ; that the opposite opinions which they hold [proves] shew thattrittA and falsehood are the same ; that, even the " faith once delivered to the saints '' 18 of no value ; that the most pernicious heresy ever broached is harmless ; and that every man has a right to interpret the Scripture as he pleases ! [Inded the very] Such a collection of [a number of ] Theological Colleges [together] would be- come, of Itself, a sort of standing protest against the Gospel truth [of Christianity] and by one of the most successful met! kIs ever imagined of holding it up to the contempt and ridicule of [wicked] ^af/ijtoiM men. But, if, we take the matter still more closely we shall find, that the discipline and order of the affiliated Colleges could never be made to harmonize with those of the Lniversity of Toronto, and more especially, with that belonging to the Church of England *u nu * P®^logical College, its inmates must religiously observe all the fasts and festivals of the Church the solemnity of Lent, the regular daily services of Passion-Week and Whitsun- Week, with all of which the University would fail to sympathize, or provide for, by any change of discipline, or attendance. So that, through the whole year, violence would be done, even by the common proceedings of the University, to our Religious feelings^ and our most, [solomn acts] ayigust forma of worship. It should also be remembered that such affiliated Colleges are not essential parts of the University, but merely accidental appendages, without which, destitute as they are of all power and authority the University can proceed as well without, as with, them. Again, the Degrees in Divinity would seem without value, inasmuch as they would be conferred by a petty College of two or three persons, and be felt to be insignificant when com- pared to the Degrees in Arts [conferred with pomp and circumstance] conferred by the University ttself Besides, every Sect mav have its College, or apology for a College, and thus, a public sanction be given to all opinions, however mischievous and contradictorv, and we should have Socinian, Mormonite and Swedenborgean Doctors in Divinity,— a result which would bnng all such Degrees into utter contempt. In fine, the very fact [of any Sect, or Denomina- tion,] of the Church affiliating its College with such a University would indicate a tacit consent to Its irreligious pnociples ; hence nothing is left to the honest and sincere of all Christian Denominations but to fly from the unclean thing. How is it in the great Public Schools in England, such as Eton, Harrow, Winchester and Kugbyr-all of whicti are [in every important point] identical, as regards habits of life, studies and intellectual characteristics, and still more especially as to personal decorum. Christian Morality, and the pious observances enjoined bv the Holy Scriptures ? Look at the stirring sermons of the late Doctor Arnold, of Rugby, and, more recently, those of Doctor Moberly, the present Head Master of Winchester School, and of Doctor Vaughan, of Harrow, and reflect on the labour and anxiety of these eminent men, not [merely to make] oniy to fldwuwre their pupils in scholastic attainments, but, above all, to make them feel, from their first entrance into fife, that they are bom for eternity. From this moral training they proceed to the University, where they are placed under the same Religious supervision and instruction, untill they take their Degrees and commence their different professions . Now, if we reflect that the world, its dangers. Its seductions, its menaces and troubles must be known and met, and conquered, is it not of the utmost consequence that our youth .should be prepared for this fiery trial, by a training in heavenward lessons of Faith Diligence, and Obedience, and, thus awakening the soul, by an ftabitual sense of God s authority and consciousness of His presence, to hopes which are never to be satisfaed but m the fruition of the life to come ? Instead of this, the University of Toronto offers us that spurious counterfeit which has sought, in every age, to usurp the name of Education, while flatly opposed to its true object. It is secular education ; a training for this world alone, without caring for the next. It is made up of half- truths, perverted into, falsehood ; of earthly fuels divorced from moral truth and Religious obedience ; and of a pandering to corrupt appetite for unseasonable knowledge. " By these charact^era waa it marked when it began in Paradise, and these serpent features it retains.— Your eyea shall be opened.' There was partial truth in the words ; but the truth served only to gild the dfil.,«.ion, and to do the work of falsehnnd. ' Ye shall be as gods, knowing i?uod aiid evil. Here was intellectual progress aet at variance with the will and command of God. And what were the natural effects ? misery and death. Such was secular education at its birth, and such, in its main features, does still continue. May we never accept theae ' Apples of Sodom ' in exchange for the living truth of God's Holy Word ! " * ° Chap. VI. DOCTOR strachan's church univeh«ity correspondence. 9t CHAPTER VI. DOCTOR STRACHAN'S "CHURCH UNIVERSITY" CORRESPONDENCE. The fundamental change which was made by the Baldwin University Act of 1849, in the management of King's College, led to an active movement among its friends and adherents to establish an exclusively Church of England University, in its place. This movement was of a two-fold character, both of which were under the immediate direction of Doctor Strachan,— the first Church of England Bishop of Toronto. The principal and preliminary effort put forth was the prosecution of an active canvass in Upper Canada for Funds wherewith to erect and maintain a Church of England College and University ; the other movement was in the form of an appeal to the adherents of the Church of England in the Mother Country, to be made there, should the success of the canvass for funds in Canada warrant the making of such an appeal in England. In order that this fact should be the more strongly impressed upon the minds of those who were friendly to the proposed Church University, the following state- ment of that fact was printed, (as a heading,) on all of the subscription lists which were circulated in 1850 among members of the Church of England, chiefly in the Bishop's own Diocese, which then included the whole of Upper Canada :— "The Churchmen of the Diocese of Toronto must bear in mind, that we cannot, ^rith any reasonable hope, make a successful Appeal to our Brethren in the Mother Country for assistance m establishmg an University worthy of the pure Church, to which we belong, until, we can prove, by our own exertions, that we are in earnest. " Besides, therefore, signing the Petition to the Queen, and to the two Houses of [the British! Parhament, it is hoped that the Members of the Church will subscribe liberally in Money and in gifts of Land, as God has prospered them. J 4* J' *^ * glorious work, which ought not to be delayed : and a better investment for Time and Eternity it is impossible to conceive, "t With a view to bring the whole question fully before the Members of the Church of England in his Diocese, the Bishop issued an elaborate Pastoral on the subject, dated the Seventh of.February, 1850. It is not necessary for me to insert more of this Pastoral than those parts of it which deal directly with the educa- tional side of the controversy, in which the Bishop was then engaged, so far as it affected this Province. As soon as Doctor Strachan had assured himself of the active cooperation and fiuancial support of the Members of his Church, to whom he had appealed for such cooperation and support, he left Canada for England in April, 1850, with the double purpose of, enlisting the practical sympathy of Members of the Church of England in that Country, and, as a consequence, of receiving liberal financial aid * Church of Encrland Quarterly Review for July, 1840. Bishop Shar ""^ ^''°'' °' "O"*?!""^! DocumentB-Church Cniversity", aa it appears there, in the hand-writing of l< ^ ' i| 92 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OP EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 from them in his efforts to found a purely Church of England University 'n Upper Canada. His other purpose was to ir duce the Imperial Ooverament to grant him a Royal Charter for the proposed University. In seeking to accomplish tho first object of his visit to England, he drew up a full statement of the case from his standpoint, for the information of Members of the Church of England there, and, by letters and personal interviews and addresses, to endeavour to succeed in enlisting the warm sympathy of Members of the National Church in favour of his scheme. As a practical proof of this sym- pathy, which he called forth, they furnished him with funds wherewith to give effect to his scheme, to the amount of Ten Thousand pounds (£10,000) sterling. To accomplish the second object of Doctor Strachan's visit to England, in 18.50, was a much more difficult task,— that of securing a Royal Charter for his proposed Church of England University in Upper Canada. The Imperial Author- ities declined to grant the Charter asked for, without first receiving the formal assent of the Government of Upper Canada to their doing so. The consequence was, that an extended correspondence took place in England between Doctor Strachan and the Colonial Secretary, (Earl Grey). A Motion was agreed to in the Upper Canada House of Assembly that this Correspondence be laid before the House by the Governor General, Lord Elgin, and also the Correspondence between him and the Bishop. This was done. With a view to give a completeness to the narrative of this somewhat pro- tracted controversy, I insert copies of the Correspondence which took place with the Governor General and the Imperial Government, in its proper place in this Chapter. In order also to give historical sequence to the narrative of the case, as stated by Doctor Strachan, in his voluminous Correspondence, I shall insert such portions, as may be necessary, of his Statements and Letters in chronological order,— begining first with the Pastoral, which he issued on the Seventh of February, 1850,— a few days over a month after the extinction by Act of Par- liament of King's College, as a Church of England University, took place. In the whole of this Correspondence, it is a notable circumstance, that Doc- tor Strachan entirely ignored the historical fact, that King's College was estab- lished as a Provincial Institution, endowed solely with Provincial Lands, and that the Church of England, to the care of which it was entrusted, never contributed a single dollar for its maintenance ; although, through Doctor Strachan, it claimed proprietory ownership of King's College and its Endowment. DOCTOR STRACHAN'S " CHURCH UNIVERSITY " CORRESPONDENCE, PART I. Pastobax, Lettbr to thb Clergy and Laity of thb Diocbsb of Toeonto. On the sixth day of January, 1850, the destruction of King's College, as a Christian Insti- tucion, was accompiisnea. I'or, ua that day, the Ace establishing the " University of Toronto." by which it was suppressed, came into force. There was, to the last, some lingering hope that a Measure so pernicious would have been Chap VI. DOCTOR strachan's church university correspondence. ft 98 .• ^* "wu ''."•''''J' }^^{ inquiries had Insen made concerning it by Statwrnen of hish coniidera R?.?'„n"?ff ''f ' •'"^T' bee: formally sanctioned by the Imperi'-t (iovern^ late in citbeJ" But no effectual impediment ha. yet u.terveued j and, for a time, ..t least, the exporirnent of » lJniver8,t;r from which the Worship ..f Ood ia excluded, is to be tried inTpperJ3«-i 8«y ora time be«»u.e it >• .carcelv credible that .uch a/, Institution can beCsuffered^^^ exist in a Christian Country, or if. unhappily, Hutfered, that it can prosper! ^ Deprived of her University, what is the Church fof England in UpDer CansdAl tn Hn ? «si,- has now no Seminary, at which to ^jive a liberal education ?o her Jou h What is eniovld hJ all the other large Denominations in the Province is denied to her. enjoyed by „l,ili\*'*' "it down c.ntented with her Theological School at Cobourg.* and leave her children to perish for lack of spiritual knowledge / Or is she to extend its nroviJnnr .«<5 orm^into a Un versity, capable of imparting a full couAe of Hbeml ,1i ruEiT cafif I^^^ founded on a Religious basis, as has been the case in all Seminaries of LearmnganSchrS Nations since the ascension of our Lord ? Happily the solution of this q3oToffe« no diffl v^tel' fh "-5?" bounden duty of the Church, and of every one of her bap2ized children, s^ thw ^h^lL« ^f r ".Tk'"« ''^'"' ^^^"^ '" .**"** ''"'y sacrament, to come forward althis^rlJiSS the name of G,n their Saviour, to stay the plague which this, as it 1. ^ done other land" with darkness and gu.lt, and to honour His Holy Name. Here the faithful ChristUn cannot" '' half between two opinions : "the whole revelation of Ood tells him that Re igb" oujht ?o orm the Sod*.?oi,"'.H'**"'' .°L"^T'""i *"•! **»'*'' 'hatover other branchor, knowledge mTy be fy!n??n&nce?' "! * "«bservient to the one thing needful and sancti6ed bfi.T/uri! nnf^f fnl«ilf'^ 'J'^ "^"u^'- "wf*" "^ '•'*, P"V'1«K«. of every Churchman in the Diocese Fof Tor- eetf in ^h^^ '♦ ^ *** '5 "?*' r'? «»PP yi"« ^^e want which the Church [of England here! now feels in the destruction of her University, and which, if not supplied, will in a short tim« arrest the happy progress she is making through all parts of the Co5,. ry Let not then ",« friends and Members of that Church look for rest till proDer means are fonnH fL f h^ Pi"'- Education of her children. We have fallen, indeed orev'irtiresaSdtStorml^^^^^^^^ us aggravated by the painful reflection that we have contributed largely. CoVr want of unifv rlr-T^f^ f ''""«*^r ourselves ; but we must not be discourIied^;orrSu«h thj hi.^^ nf nu*° r^iJ^**"''?' ?*' ''^ *■•« "'»" '•'^ 'Children of hope. Cer, perhaps in the history of our Church, did a single case more completely prove the influence of nart? an Ht in corrupting the heart and warpTng and entangling the^ jSdgment, tiU k ES L^S a^m^^^^^^ t&fenXFf'l " "^ »*'0» '^e'^«. «nd are. hostile to the principle of separating Region fJo^ mSrvhi-r^^^*' ^TT * '•'"*" ^"' '"'^"^«"t minority^eclaredaStir Tweak ^Tlo'ci^^lTn^^^r'''''''''''^'''''^ ""^'^^ establishment o?.n InstitJtirnt This M.asure is so wicked and inconsistent that sooner, or later, a serious reaction will Sote J?k'^T ^"'^.^°« features-Contempt for the People, EnmityT RXgion, Tnd Disioyahty to their Sovereign. -are each of them offensive to large and irifluential Dafties The sentiments of the people are set at nought, to gratify the few,%honSrv3uror7eJrd Schools of Learning. Religion is suppressed, and ecclesiastics proscribed to nlei^fth; enemies of property and order. And the very name of «' King's Co«ego"iL S,ofish^d (ot whicRts^:^:^^^^ dissenting from the Church of England, had recieved from their SoveS a Royal cS^ r&of"aX7o'::*r„'ir"r°" "''} '^''^ ^'^'^' ^^^^ ^'^ ™«i«^«d' at^heS tfme the their pLJfr?^?./°*''* support, any attempt by the Colonial Legislature to abrogate their Charter, and to wrest from them the Endowment conferred by thiir Sovereign wS have been promn ly discountenanced by the Executive Government, anrfiSyresUtrdw being unreasonable and unjust. If any had been found to make ^uTan SVpt, fwh'ic" Ja„„7^.%Srrw^fl^nte^eS'lSL*^ri^„t'c^^^^^^^^ '"' *'^ -"J-'^^Jon of " Candid;tes"f;r:Hol7 Orders " in pure!/ X^ti^n'a[ffi^"T,i'o^wTl*v*fafc ^ ."•"."'?"* ' the objectand purpose of this but I have, for .anv reaS^hs. hesitat'eS ^ cl^s^ ^^ pttetTtfh'e'^lirS"^^^^^^ i* !^' m ,, |, 94 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCAflON IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 1^ Mill assuredly the Church of England would not have done), they would have been told at once that, whatever opinions they might have formed of the iwlicy, or impolicy, of ^he Measure, the Grant could not but be respected, and the faith of the Sovereign maintained. And I am sure, that neither you, or I, would have regretted to see those principles upheld, by which alone either nations, or individuals, can expect long to flourish. We should have remarked, too, in 8>ich a case as I have supposed, another mortifying difference : the Members of any other Religious Denom- ination, whose rights had been unjustly attached, as ours were, would not have sought a vain popularity by abandoning them ; they would have been found united as one man in their defence. But alas ! the Church [of England here] found the chief enemies of King's College amonj? her own professing adherents ; and, under the delusion of liberalism and expediency, the twin sisters of infidelity, they betrayed the cause which they were bound by every sacred duty and right feeling to protect. ... ^ j In the meantime, I propose that the Church of [England in] this Diocese, consisting of ttie Clergy and Laity, should approach our beloved Sovereign the Queen,* and the Imperial 1 arhament, by respectful Petitions for such redress in the restoration of her University ,or, in sucu other way, to supply the same, as may be deemed reasonable and meet. Should we fail in obtaining the favourable admission and acquittance of our just claims, we must, m that case, appeal to our fellow Churchmen in Great Britain and Ireland; and we believe that there are many pious individuals who will come forword with a liberality, of which th3 last three centuries have given so many examples, to assist us in restoring the means of which we have been deprived, for the Religious Instruction of our youth, and their advancement in all those branches of Science and Literature, which enter into a liberal education. Nor am I with- out strong hope, that, should there be obstacles to the disallowance of the Act of our Legislature we shall, nevertheless, find among the contributors to our Church University some of the present Ministry. ... Indeed, no Statute passedsince the Union of the Provinces in 1840 has lowered the character of the Canadian Legislature so much as that which destroys King's College. Churchman consider It disgraceful to the Country, and the indifferent pronounce it a political blunder. . . DocTOE Strachan's Scheme of •* Ways and Means " for a " Church Umiversity." But, before we can expect success in these proceedings, it is reasonable to prove that we are ourselves in earnest by our own exertions. Besides, therefore, signing the Petitions to the Queen and the two Houses of Parliament, it is hoped tmt the Members of the Church [of Eng- land here] will subscribe liberally, in Money and Gifts of Land, as God has prospered them ; and a better investment for time and eternity it is impossible to conceive. Tn this way, a suffi- cient Endowment may, without any great difficulty, be effected ; or, at all events, so «ood a commencement as to encourage friendly Church Members at Home to increase their subscrip- tions. ^ It is true that this could have been done with much greater facility a few years ago, when Lands in the Colony were cheap ; but who could have anticipated such a result as the destruc- tion of a Royal Charte*-, ana confiscation of its Endowment, without any just, or legal, cause? or who could have imagined it necessary, or becoming, to stand between the bounty of the Sovereign and her people ? But even yet, a sufficient Endowment in Land may, with active exertion, be secured. There are, it is believed, about four hundred organized Townships in the Diocese of Toronto ; and were only one Lot of two hundred acres to be contributed, as an average, m each Township, it would form an Endowment of Eighty Thousand acres ; and this, by good management, with private contributions in money, and the assistance of the two Vener- able Societies in England, would become sufficient to enable us, in a very short time, to btgin operations, and gradually, as the property leased, to extend the University, as has been done in like cases in Europe and America. Or, taking it otherwise : There are, I presume, about two hundred thousand adherents of the Church [of England] in Upper Canada, or forty thousand families. Now, were each family to contribute Two pounds, or two acres of good Land, a very handsome Endowment would be the result But, as there may be many oooi-, and some, to whom God has not given generosity of heBTt, let us take one-fourth. or only ten thousand families, and claim from each, for the love of although, we may not obtain the subscriptions in Land, or in money, of ten, or even of five thousand, at once, yet we shall, with God's Blessing, obtain more in time ; and. as the Institu- tion we contemplate is not for a short period, but for centuries, we can afford time, and be con. * A copy of this Petition to the Queen is printed on pages 103, 104. See also pages 105, 106. Chap. VI. DOCTOR strachan's church university correspondence. 96 tent to advance to maturity by degrees. But why should we n.t hope that the Church [of Eng- land here,] among her two hundred thousand, will produce one thousand noble souls, ready to come forward with, at least one hundred acres each, and, in a moment, complete the Endowment 1 In regard to a solid commencement, we are not left to conjecture. The spirit of our Church has already begun to move. Eight Thousand pounds (£8,000) will be secured to the University before this meets the public eye ; and. I have some reason to believe, that an equal amount is already set ap»rt in England. Moreover, we shall have £1,200 per annum from the Venerable ♦•Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts," till it can be relieved by the proceeds of our own Endowment, and we shall have our Theological Library restored. The Church [of England here] c ight to do nothing by halves Her University must comprise an entire system of education, based on Religion. Every branch of knowledge cherished at Oxford and Cambridge must be carefully and substantially taught. She must also have her Eton, or Grammar School, to supply her with scholars ; the whole to be placed under the guidance of tiie Church itself, so that her Religious instruction may have no uncertain sound. We desire a University, which, fed by the heavenly stream of pure Religion, may communicate fuel to the lamp of genius, and enable it to burn with a brighter and purer flame. . . Nor are we disposed to overlook Academical Honours, which have been ever held in the highest estimation. They emanated originally from the Church, and to the Church the power of conferring them, of right, belongs. Hence, that power was transferred at the Reformation to the Sovereign, because the Sovereign was the Temporal Head of the Church, and the Fountain of Honour within her Dominions. In due time, therefore, we shall solicit a Royal Charter, that our Degrees may be acknowledged in all parts of the world, and not be like those which the new Institution may attempt to confer, which will not only be corrupted by passing through an irreligious channel, but be otherwise worthless " ing confined to the Colony ; for the University Act of 1849, (12th Victoria, chapter 82,) is me? a Provincial Statute, and carries no weight, nor authority beyond the Province. The Bishop, or Bishops, of the Diocese, (for it will soon be divided,) will be the Visitors, that each new Diocese may have an equal interest in the Institution ; for established on the ex- tensive foundation which w ) contemplate, it will be amply sufficient for the whole of Upper Canada • • • That nothing may be wanting on my part, it is my intention to proceed to lingland, (should the encoui agement I receive in Upper Canada be such as I have reason to ex- pect ) and urge the prayer of our Petitions to the Queen and to both Houses of Parliament vyhen the facts of the case are fully made known, the whole Nation will feel the same indigna- tion at so flagrant an outrage on our Holy Religion, and the honour and dignity of the Crown. &v those private friends do with whom I am already in communication on the subject ; and the consequence, I trust, will be, that the good and pious will hasten to help us. For, in England the belief is all but universal, that Religion ought to be the ground-work of Education ; that its lessons should be interwoven with the whole tissue of instruction ; and that its principles should direct the whole system of our lives. Nor will the lessons of Religion be found less impressive, by being interspersed with teaching of a diflferent kind. The praver of our fore-fathers always was, and the prayer of our Universities still is, "that their learning might be sound, and their education Religious." I shall have completed my seventy- second year before I can reach London, of which more than fifty years have been spent in Upper Canada ; aud one of my chief objects, during all that time, was to bring King's College into active operation ; and now, after more than six years of increasing prosperity, to see it destroyed by stolid ignorance and presumption, and the voice of prayer and praise banished from its halls, is a calamity not easy to bear. I shall not rest satisfied till I have laboured to the utmost to restore the College under a holier and more perfect form. The result is with a higher power, and I may still be doomed to disappointment ; but it is God's work, and I feel confident that it will be restored, although I may not be the happy instrument, or live to behold it. Having done all m my power, I shall acquiesce submissively to the result, whatever it may be ; and I shall then, and not till then, consider my mission in this behalf ended. ToHONTO, 7th February, 1850, John Toeonto. DOCTOR STRACHAN'S CHURCH UNIVERSITY CORRESPONDENCE, PART II. Lettbe From Doctor Strachan to Earl Grey, Colonial Secretary. I have the honour to state, for Your Lordship's information, that I am the bearer of a Peti- tn t4af IVTaianfir f.Ka Oiiaam cii#«««Ayl U*. •«».a i.1.»» Till i.1 .1 ■>«- i « .« ^* - 2, ."®''."'*l®"*^y *P® Queen, signed by more than Eleven thousand Members of the Church lada, on the subject of the University of King's College. * This Docu- of England in Upper Canada, j „ ^...,^.0.., wl iv.ug a v^uiioxu. ■ xms i^ocu- ""*"*^ • • I am anxious to present, when it may be convenient for your Lordship to receive it. tf I *This Petition was larnely sijrned after this Letter was written. See pages 103-106 of tliis Volume. Hi PI w 96 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 If i, h I have also charge of Petitions to the two Branches of the Imperial Parliament on the same subject, but these, I trust, I shall not be under the necessity of presenting, should a course, which has suggested itself to me, fortunately meet with your Lordship's favourable consideration,— a course, which, without offending anyone, would enable me to attain, in a very moderate degree, the great object which I have at heart, and for whJch I have been labouring more than fifty years,— namely the establishment of a Church University, and in a way that would set at rest the vexed question of King's College in the Colony, and be felt as an act of Koyal Orace, pro- ceeding from your Lordship's seasonable interference, by more than two hundred thousand of the most respectable and attached Subjects of the Queen in Western Canada. John Toronto. London, 17th May, 1850. II. Letter From Doctor Strachan to Earl Grey, Colonial Secretary. I beg permission to enclose a Memorandum of the Scheme alluded to in the letter, which I had the honour to address to your Lordship on the 17th instant.for establishintfjwithout assistance from the Colonial Government, a University in connection with our Church, and receiving from Our Gracious Sovereign what other Denominations have long enjoyed,— a Charter of Incorpora- tion, providing for the government of the Institution, and granting it the privilege of conferring Degrees. Your Lordship will, I trust, do justice to the course which I thus seek to pursue, and which, if concurred in by your Lordship, will enable the Church [of England] quietly to withdraw from farther discussion on the subject in Canada, and to leave her enemies in the unmolested enjoyment of the Royal Endowment of which we have been most unjustly deprived, since it would appear that the Imperial Government can offer no remedy. In this way the proposed Church University will be entirely separated from political agitation of every description, and be able to proceed in her work of religious and scientific instruction, though perhaps on a diminished scale, in security and peace. London, 29th May, 1850. John Toronto. Uyt Memorandum of a Scheme for Establishing a Chdrch University in Upper Canada. I. Building Fund. The contributionR and donations already made in the Colony, and which may be expected to increase beyond their present amount, have reached the sum of from Twenty-five thousand pounds, (£25,000,) provincial currency to Thirty thousand pounds, (£30,000,) currency, or Twenty-six thousand pounds, (£26,000,) Sterling, to be expended in erecting the necessary Buildings. The Endowment to arise from two sources : — First, Source of Endowment. A Queen's Letter for collections in all the Churches of England, the proceeds of which may be assumed at Twenty thousand pounds, (£20,000,) sterling. The reason for granting such a Letter in this case are very strong, I may with truth say irresist- ible ; — 1. As regards precedents, a Queen's Letter, as I am informed, was granted many years ago towards the establishment of Bishop's College at Calcutta, and half the proceeds of a Queen's Letter was recently given to the Bishop of Newfoundland, towards building his Cathedral. I am persuaded that many others are to be found, but to which, as a stranger, I have no access. 2. A Queen's Letter has only reference to the Members of the Established Church. It is a collection at Divine Service, to which thf Worshippers may contribute, or not, as they see fit. It, therefore, imposes no hardship on any one, much less a compulsion to give, but is merely such a charitable act, as oiie Branch of the Church, being in difficulty, may receive from another Branch, and has been practised since the days of the Apostles. .3. The Church [of England] in Upper Canada has peculiar claims upon the Church of England at Home, not only as a weak child, requiring fostering care, but because the Colony has been for many years the chief Asylum of poor Emigrants from the parent State, of whom thousands are Church people, and being commonly destitute when they arrive, have been largely assisted, and such assist- ance always comes in the largest measure from the Members of our Church. It may indeed be truly affirmed, that more is sometimes given in one year in private charity to these destitute Strangers, than the amount assumed as the probable proceeds, in this case, of the Queen's Letter. 4. Of the Ninety-seven thousand Emigrants, who came to Quebec in 1847, more than three fourths reached Upper Canada. Of these Fur-ty tnuusand landed at Toronto, bringing with them a malignant fever, and although the Government did a great deal to mitigate their distress, much more remained for the charitable to do. And what rendered matters more afflicting, many of our own people in their eagerness to relieve the sick Emigrants, became themselves victims of this virulent and contagious fever. For several months, indeed during the whole Summer, more than Twelve hundred Emigrants were sick in the Hospitals and temporary buildings erected fcr their accommodation in Upper Canada. Chap. VI. DOCTOR strachan's church university correspondence. 97 The principal agents in all this were my Clergy and people. Surely the saving to the United King- dom of the great expense cf supporfny Ninety-seven thousand perishing Emigrants becomes an irre- sistible claim to a Queen's Letter p me small return. 5. Moreover, it will only be a • for us what the Church of England in Upper Canada poor as she 18, has already done for this gr, . Country. A collection was made in all our Churches, Chapels and Stations during the recent famine in Irnland and Highlands of Scotland, giving two-thirds ofthe amount to the former, and one-third co the latter. On the whole, we have already contributed more than tea-fold the proceeds of such a Royal Letter, and are still continuing, year after year to give more than it is likely to produce And yet, such a mark of Royal Consideration would be most grate- fully received as a precious remuneration for all we have done, or may hereafter do. 6. In fine, as far as I can learn, the Members of the Church of England would gladly welcome the grant of a Queen's Letter in this case, as affording them an opportunity of manifesting their love for the Church, in a way after their own hearts. Second Source of Endowment : Contributions from Public Bodies and Individuals in England, But should Her Majesty the Queen condescend to bestow a Royal Donation to head the list as I have reason to believe His Crace the Duke of Wellington is prepared to do, to the extent, at the least, of One Thousand Pounds, (£1,000), the amount of this source might be taken at Twenty instead of Ten, Thousand pounds, (£10,000). ^ And here I most respectfully submit, that were Her Majesty aware that we have been deprived of a Royal Gift worth Two Hvndred and Seventy thousand pounds (£270.000,) consisting of Lands under Patent from the Crbwn,— yielding a Revenue of Eleven Thousand Pounds, (£11,000,) per annum and pledged by three Sovereigns,— She would hasten to repair, in as, far as may be in Her power the great loss and injury we have thus sustained. ' In conclusion, I could, with all respect and deference, submit, that it is no slight argument in favour of this Scheme, that its adoption will set at rest a grave and troublesome Question in the Colony, in a way that can give just offense to no one. But while the National Church remains with- out_a University to educate her youth on religious principles for the Holy Ministry and the liberal professions, the blessings of tranquility and peace can scarcely be hoped for in Upper Canada. LoNDOx, 29th May, 1850. John Toronto. III. Eael Grey, Colonial Secretary,, to Doctor Strachan. I have had the honour to receive your Lordship's Letter of the 29th ultimo, enclosing a Memorandum oa the subject of the proposed establishment, by Royal Charter, of a University in Upper Canada, in connection with the Church of England, and unaided by Colonial Funds. I need scarcely observe to your Lordship, that Her Majesty's Government are always disposed to regard favourably proposals which are made for extending and improving the means of Education in the British Colonies, and more especially when those proposals do not involve the necessity of a Grant of Public Money. I shall, therefore, be ready to coasider with the utmost attention the suggestion you have offered for the incorporation of a new University in Upper Canada, whenever your Lordship shall have favoured me with a Draft of the Charter, which may be deemed adequate for the purpose. Until I shall be in possession of such Diaft, I am obviously not in a position to form any judgment upon the propriety of recommending Her Majesty to give Her consent to the desired Measure. I may observe, further, that I should feel it my duty to communicate likewise with the Provincial Government on a matter of such importance, before committing Her Majesty's Government to any settled course of action. 2. With respect to the application for a Queen's Letter, for the purpose of raising a collection m aid of the design. I have to inform your Lordship, that I find, upon communicating with the Secretary of State for the Home Department, that a very strong objection is entertained to the multiplication of such appeals to the benevelonce of Her Majesty's subjects, and that, as the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in foreign Parts has, under the existing arrangement, the advantage of a Queen's Iietter once in three years, by which large funds are collected for the support of the Church [of England] in the Qolonies, I fear it will not be practicable to comply with your request. At all events, it will be impossible to do so, before a decision has been formed as to the Grant of a Charter of Incorporation to the proposed University. 3. Having laid before the Queen the Petition, dated the 9th April last, which you placed in my hands from certain Members of the United Church of England and Ireland in Upper Canada, urging the establishment of the proposed University, I have to acquaint your Lordship that Her Majtsty was pleased to receive the same very graciously. I have also laid before Her Majesty the Petition which your Lordship communicated to me at the same interview, from the Clergy a^^i Ijaity of the Church of England in Upper Canada, expressintr their objection to the Act pascivl f n the last Session of the Legislature of Canada for the amendment of King's College, Toronto, and praying that measures may be taken for restoring that College to its eflSciency, with such moditicatioEs of its original Charter as shall separate it 7 D.E. i 'I 98 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPEK CANADA. 1850 entirely from politics.* Upon this Petition, which, judging from the terms in which it is expressed, should, I apprehend, have been delivered to me previously to the confirmation of the Act referred to, I have been unable to advise Her Majesty to issue any commands. London, 13th June, 1850. , Grev. \ . f I S.\« IV. Doctor Strachan to Eael Grev, Colonial Secretary. I have the honour to acknowledge your Lordship's Letter of the 13th instant, in reply to the Communication and Memorandum which I took the liberty of addressing to your Lordship •on the 29th ultimo, relative to the proposed establishment by Royal Charter, of a Church of England University in Upper Canada, but unaided by Public Funds. Your Lordship is pleased to state that Her Majesty's Government are always inclined to regard favourably proposals which are made for extending and improving the means of Edura- tion, and more especially when the proposals do not involve the Grant of Public Money ; and that your Lordship will consider, with the utmost attention, the suggestions which I may offer for the incorporation of ^a Church University in Upper Canada whenever I shall have furnished you with a Draft for the same. Such Draft I have now the honour to enclose, in the full confidencd that it will receive your Lordship's approbation. It is little more than a transcript of the Charter of the late King's College, Toronto, or of that of the Scotch College now in operation ac Kingston, Canada West, with such modifications only as may attach the Institution it seeks to establish to the Church of England in Upper Canada and separate it from all political influence whatsoever, and «nable it to proceed in its work of Religious and Scientific instruction in security and peace. But while I thank your Lordship for promising to gi/e due attention to the Draft of the •Charter, in order to be in a position to judge of the propriety of recommending Her Majesty to grant Her consent to the desired Measure, I trust, that, on further reflection, your Lordship will see cause to relinquish any such refeiience on the subject to Canada as may impede, or delay, its issue, and for the following among other reasons : — First, It is the avowed intention of the promoters of the Statute by which King's College has been superseded and its Endowment devoted to the establishment of a new University, from which Kdligion is, by enactment, excluded, to make that University the only one in the Province ; and, for this pui-pose, they have invited, though, as yet, without success, those Religious Bodies who have Colleges of their own to surrender their Charters, and to afhliate themselves, as Theological Seminaries, around a new University. Now, so long as this desire is cherished on the part of the Provincial Government, an application for their assent to establish a Church University will in all probability fail. Second, Such reference, I respectfully submit, would, upon another ground, be met with refusal, or dissent. The Members of the Church of England being more than one-fourth of the population of Upper Canada, and in number more than Two Hundred Thousand, furnish nearly three-fourths of the youth who lesire an University Education, as was shewn from the lists of the names of the students who attended King's College. Now, all these will go to the Church College, as soon as it commences the business of instruction ; and if to these be added the youth of the different Religious Denominations having Colleges of their own, the Toronto University, as its friends will know and admit, will be left comparatively empty ; hence, they will object to any seeming rival. Third, Had the Bishop and Members of the Church of England besought Her Majesty for something new and uncommon, it would have been reasonable to communicate with the Pro- vincial Government, but they merely ask the advantage which (?very other Body of Christians in Upper and Lower Canada enjoy, namely, one College supported by their own means, in which their youth may be instructed in Religious and secular knowledge ; and as it cannot be withheld from the Church of England, w'thout manifest injustice, your Lordship will perceive that to make it to depend upon the will, or caprice, of those by whom, that Church has been deeply injured, will be felt to be nothing less than proscription and intolerance. Fourth, I would further, my Lord, respectfully submit, that "^hat we request is clearly within the Royal Prerogative to bestow, and can be granted to uo as it has been to others, without giving just cause of offence to any one, since it has nothing "> do whatever with party, or with politics. Your Lordship will, I trust, pardon me for calling your abtuntioa to tiie humiliating position in which this condition of reference is likely to place the Church of England. No such impedi- ment has ever been allowed to intervene between the grace of the Sovereign and any other * These Petitions are inserted further on in this Chipter. Sse pajfes 103-100. Chap. VI. DOCTOR strachan's church university correspondence. 99 Religious Denomination in Upper Canada, and why should it bo permitted to stand between the Queen and Her own Church in that Province which it is her special duty to protect. All we desire, my Lord, is such a Charter as has been granted to the Church of Scotland in Canada, and under such a Charter we shall be proud to Act. Allow me, then, to hope, that your Lordship will, in consideration of the reasons which I ht^e had the honour to sugpest, and the justice and pressing nature of our cause, grant the prayer of our Petition, withoiu any unnecessary delay. ' ^ Give us no leason, I beseech you, my Lord, to envy our neighbours in the United States of America, where there is no instance of a Charter, such as we pray for, having been refused. Instead of circumscribing their Colleges and Schools of Learning, that acute people take delight m their multiplication ; and so little jealous are they in this respect, that they have uniformly cherished all such Institutions as had been founded by the Crown previous to the Revolution, and such have received from the Ruling Powers ample protection after these Powers had of EZu-^d^"^".!" r^? ^"^''^ ^^r"- ^?"f' '^f ^°"*8«» *°""'*«^ *y *»'« Kings and Queens of ^ngland m the Colonies, are still respected and preserved, and their Endowments not only held sacred, but largely increased. ' As your Lordship has seen fit to decline granting a Queen's Letter to assist us in the endowment of our proposed University, I bow with due submission. But I may be allowed to state, that my request was by no means unreasonable. Precedents are not wanting ; and the reasons assigned m my Memorandum, for granting such a favour, are, in the judgment of others, as well as of myself, all but irresistable. juugiueiii, oi London, 18th June, 1850. John Toronto. Copy of Draft Charter enclosed by Doctor Strachan to Earl Grey, Colonial Secretary. Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Queen Victoria, by the Grace of God of the United Defender of the Faith. To All whom these Presents shall come, Greeting : TTnit!^ rwnh *h!,««*f blishment of a College within the Province of Canada, in connection with the SSn il .f "^^^^'^ ^r^^ ^'?^?u'* ^°'' ^^^ \ducation of youth in the principles of the Christ an Re gion, and for the instruction in the various branches of Science and Literature which are taucht u^™°^'M'''°^•'''^^'"8donl would greatly conduce to the welfare of said Since. And Avhereas, humble application hath been made to Us by many of our loving Subjects in Our saM 5 aTollpl fhJ- """"^^^^^ ^^'^''^ *^«™"u* ^,y Royal Charter for the more^erfect estabh hment of a College therein, and for incorporating the Members thereof, for the purpose aforesaid. wei^£/hrnHir,;!''f-^^'i'*'''"®/''''l" *^? premises into Our Royal consideration, and duly Ipf/i W "*'^'*y,'^"'^ importance of such an Institution ; Have of Our special grace, certain know- ledge and mere motion, ordained and granted, and do by these presents, for Us, Our Heirs and huccessors, ordain and grant. That there shall be established at, or near, Our City of Toronto in Our «aid Province of Canada, from time to time, one College with the style and privLges ofTn Unive"- Sdtl [«'".-' '^T'^'^'^T*!'"'^!;"^^""^ instruction of ^outh and Stulents in Ar^s Ind 1 acuities, to continue forever, to be called "Trinity ColLge" ; „ .And We do hereby declare and grant that Our trusty and well-beloved the Right Reverend Father-in-God, John, Bishop of the fiiocese of Toronto, or the Bishop for the time^beinrof the Diocese, m which the said (5ity of Toronto may be situat^, shall be Visitor of the said College ^MnntlfT^r^ flo hereby declare that should there bc any division, or divisions, of the said present And We do hereby grant and ordain, that there shall be a Chancellor of Our said Collece to be ev£r t ™l^Zd'rT' 'r' ^T'^' of v,.election, under such Rules and RegulftVns as tue V isitor, or Visitors, and College Council may, from time to time, see fit to establish. Onrt'iH 'ru^'' hereby declare, ordain, and grant, that there shall, at all times, be one President of Sland .n?fe.T^'''^^^,^K^^'r^^^^^ Holy Orders of the United Church of England and nr sai'd ?nllil "'"? "''^^ ^ T\^''^ '? T'^^ ^J^^^^^ovs in different Arts and Faculties within ipSed'lf reV^it'of^oTrSaidC^^^^^^^^^^ ''''''"'''' ''''''"''''' °^ ^'^P-"-*' ^'^ ^ «»^^» ^^ And We do hereby, for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, will, ordain and grant that thp said Lhancel lor ami President, and the said Professors of Our s;id College, and all persons who hal be e o iTd «HnlfrV"'"' ^'"f *^"\i"ed as Scholars of, Our said Collegefand their successors Forevei- hall olW Sf •7*'^"^ separate body politic in deed and in name, by the name and style of " The Chan- .?therarnTn;pl~''tT.'^ Trinity College, at Toronto, in the Province of 6anada," and tJiat, uccessors «h«n LJ^? ." ^r''^ perpetua succession and a Common Seal, and that they and their t eir ^11 „nA i° *"."^', u^'T f"",Po^^er ^ alter, renew, or change such Common Seal at rhanP« L P P^?f "P- ^"i as shall be found convenient ; and that, by the sime name, they, the said aftr Xn'hpThltn r^^?'?"'^.'^ t™«to time, and at a\\ times here- attei, shall bo able and capable to have, take, receive, purcliase and acquire, hold, possess, enjoy and r I f: 'I IJi w I ,1 ," ^■1 .1* i 100 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 maintain, to and for the use of the said College, any Messuages, Lands, Tenements and Hereditaments, of what kind, nature, or quality soever, situate and being within our said Province of Canada, si) that the same do not exceed in value Fifteen thousand pounds (£15,000,) sterling, above all charges ; and, moreover, to take, purchase, acquire, have, hold, enjoy, receive, possess and retain, all, or any Goods, Chatties, Charitable, or other, Contributions, Gifts, Legacies, or Benefactions, whatsoever. And We do hereby declare and grant that the said Chancellor, President and Scholars, and their Successors, by the same name, shall, and may be able and capable in law, to sue and be sued, impleud and be impleaded, answer, 'or be answered, in all, or any Court, or Courts of Record within Our United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and Our said Province of Canada, and other Our Dominions, and in al" singulur actions, causes, pleas, suits, matters and demands whatsoever, or what nature, or kind, soever, in as large, ample, and beneficial a manner and form as any other body corporate and politic, or any other Our liege Subjects, being persons able and capable in law, may, or can, sue, implead, or answer, or be sued, impleaded, or answered, in any manner whatsoever. And We do hereby declare, ordain and grant, that there shall be within Our said College, or Cor- poration, a Council to bejcalled and known by the name of : " The College Council." And We do will and ordain that the said Council shall consist of the Chancellor and President, and of rive of the Professors in Arts and Faculties of Our said College, and that such five Professors shall be Members of the Established United Church of England and Ireland ; and shall, previously to their admission into the said College Council, severally sign and subscribe the Thirty-nine Articles of Religion, as declared and set forth in the Book of Common Prayer ; and in case, at any time, there should not be within Our said College five Professors of Arts and Faculties being Members of the Established Church aforesaid, then Our will a,nd pleasure is ; And We do hereby grant and ordain, that the said College Council shall be filled up to the requisite number of five, exclusive of the Chancellor and President, for the time being, by such persons being graduates of Our said College, and being Members of the Established Church aforesaid, as shall, for that purpose, be appointed by the Visitor, or Visitors, for the time being, of Our said College, and which Members of Council shall, in like manner, subscribe the Thirty-nine Articles aforesaid, prev- iously to their admission into the said College Council. And, whe.eas, it is necessary for the completion and filling up of the said Council at the first institution of Our said College, and previously to the appointment of any Professor, or the conferrinK of any Degree therein ; Now We do further ordain and declare, that the Visitor, or Visitors, of Our said College, for the time being, shall upon, or immediately after the first institution thereof, by warrant, under his hand, nominate and appoint five discreet and proper persons, resident within Our (-aid Province of Carada, to constitute jointly with the Chancellor and President, for the time being ; the first, or original. Council of Our said College ; which first, or original Members of the said Council shall, in like manner, respectively subscribe the Thirty-nine Articles aforesaid, previously to their admission into the said Council. And We do further declare and grant, that the Members of the said College Council, holding within Our said College the offices of Chancellor, President, or Professor in Art, or Faculty, shall respectively hold their seats in the said Council so long as they, and each of them, shall retain sucli Established Church aforesaid, to fill up the said Council to the requisite number before mentioned. And We do hereby authorize and empower the Visitor, for the time being, of Our said College, to decide, in each case, what particular Member of the said Council, not holding any such office, as aforesaid, shall vacate his seat m the said Council, upon the admission of any new Member of Council holding any such office. And We do hereby declare and grant, that the Chancellor, for the time being, of Our said College, shall preside at all Meetings of the said College Council, which he may deem it proper, or convenient, to attend, and that, in his absence, the President of Our said College shall preside at all such Meet- ings, and that, in the absence of the said President, the Senior Member of the said Council, present at any such meeting, shall preside thereat, and that the seniority of the Member of the said Council, other than the Chancellor and President, shall be regulated according to the date of their respective appointments ; Provided always, that the Members of the said Council being Professor in Our said College shal., m the said Council, take precedence over and be considered as seniors to the Members thereof not being Professors in our said College. And We do ordain and declare, that no Meeting of the said Council shall be, or be, held to be a lawful meeting thereof, unless four Members, at the least, be present during the whole of every such meeting ; and that a'.l questions and Resolutions proposed for the decision of the said College Council shall be determined by the majority of the votes of the Members of Council present, including the vote of the presiding Member ; and that, in the event oi an oqual division of such votes, the Member pre- siding at any such Meeting shall give an additional, or casting, vote. And We do further declare, that if aiiy Member of the said Council shall die, or resign his seat in the said Council, or shall be suspended, or removed from the same, or shall, by reason of any bodily, or mental, infirmity, or by reason of his absence from the said Province, become incapable, for three calendar months, or upwards, of attending the Meetings of the said Council, then, and, in every such case, a fit and proper person shall be appointed by the said Visitor, or Visitors, to act as, and be, a Chap. VI. DOCTOR strachan'h church university correspondence. 101 Member of the said Council in the ulace and stead of the Member bo dying, or resigning as so sus- pended, or removed, or incapacitated, as aforesaid ; and such new Members succeeding to any Member so suspended, or incapacitated, shall vacate such his office on the removal of any such suspension or nt the termination of any such incapacity, as aforesaid, of his immediate pretlesessor in the said Council. And We do further ordain and grant, that it shall, and may, be competent to, and for, the Visitor or V isitors, for the time being, of Our said College, to suspend from his seat in the said Council any Member thereof, for any j«ist and reasonable cause to the said Visitor appearing ; Provided that the ciounds of every such suspension shall be entered and recorded at length by the said Visitor in the Books of the said Council, and signed by him. And every person, so suspended, shall thereuDon cease to be a Member of the said Council, unless, and until, he shall be restored and re-established in such his station therein, by any order to bo made in the premises by the said Visitor of Our said College. And We do further declare, that any Member of the said Council, who, without sufficient cause, to be allowed by the said Visitor, by an order entered for what purpose, on the Books of the said Council, shall absent himself from all the meetings thereof, which may be held within any six successive calendar months, shall, thereupon, vacate such his seat in the said Council. And We do, by these presents for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, will, ordain, and grant, that the said Council of Our said College shall have power and authority to fra.ne and make Statutes Rules and Ordinances, touching and concerning the good government of the said College, the performance of Divme Service therein, the Studies, Lectures, Exercises, Degrees in Arts and Faculties, and all matters regarding the same, the residence and duties of the President of Our said College, the number, resi- dence, and duties of the Professors thereof, the management of the Revenues and Property of Our said College, the salaries, stipends, provisions, and emoluments of, and for, the President, Professors Scholars, Officers, and Servants thereof, the number and duties of such Officers and Servants ■ and also, touching and concerning any other matter, or thing, which to them shall seem good, fit, and use- ful, for the well being and advancement of Our said College, and agreeable to this Our Charter And also, from time to time, by any new Statutes, Rules, or Ordinances, to revoke, renew augment or alter all, every, or any of the said Statutes, Rules, and Ordinances, as to them shall seem meet and expedient ; Provided always, that the said Statutes, Rules, and Ordinances, or anv of them, shall not be rejpugnant to the Laws and Statuteo of the United Kingdom of Great Britain ami Ireland or of Our said Province of Canada, or to this Our Charter; Provided also, that the said Statutes, Rules and Ordinances, shall be subject to the approbation of the said Visitor of Our said College for the time being, and shall be forthwith transmitted to the said Visitor for that purpose. And that, in case the said Visitor shall, in writing, signify his disapprobation thereof, within six months of the time of their being so made and framed, the same, or such part thereof, as shall be so disaproved of by the said Visitor shall, from the time of such disapprobation being made known to the said College Council be utterly void and of no eflfect, but, otherwise, shall be, and remain in full force and virtue. ' And We do further order and declare, that no Statute, Rule, or Ordinance, shall be framed, or made by the said College Council, touching the matter aforesaid, or anv of them, excepting only such as shall be proposed for the c nsideration of the said Council by the Chancellor, for the time being, of Our said College. And We do require and enjoin the said Chancellor thereof, to consult -vith the President of Our said College, and the next senior Member of the said College Council respect ;ng all Statutes, Rules and Ordinances to be proposed by him to the ^aid Council for their consideration. And We do hereby for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, charge and command, that the Statutes, Rules and Ordinances aforesaid, subject to the same provisions, shall be strictly and inviolably ob- served, kept and performed, from time to time, in full vigour and effect, under the penalties to be thereby, or therein, imposed, or contained. And We do further will, ordain and grant, that the said College shall be deemed and taken to be an University, and shall have and enjoy all such, and the like, privileges as are enjoyed by Our Universities of Our United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, as far as the same are capable of being had, or enjoyed, by virtue of these Our Letters Patent ; and that the Students in the said toUege shall have liberty and faculty of taking the Degrees of Bachelor, Master, and Doctor, in the several Arts and Faculties at the appointed times ; and shall have liberty within themselves, of per- forming all scholastic exercises for the conferring of such Degrees, in such manner as shall be directed by the Statutes, Rules and Ordinances of the said Colleges. And We do further will, ordain and appoint that no Religious Test, or Qualification, shall be required of, or appointed, for any persons admitted, or matriculated, as Scholars within Our said College, or of persons admitted to any Degree in any Art, or Faculty, therein, save only that all persons admitted within Our said College to any Degree in Divinity, shall make such and the same Declaration and Subscriptions, and take such, and the same. Oaths as are required of persons admitted to any Degree of Divinity in Our University of Oxford. And We do further will, direct and ordain, that the Chancellor, President, and Professors of Our said College, and all persons admitted therein to the Degree of Master of Arts, or to any Degree in university, and, as such Members of the said Convocation, shall have, exercise and enjoy, all such, and the like, privileges as are enjoyed by the Members of the Convocation of Our University of Oxford, so far as the same are capable of being had and enjoyed by virtue of these Our Letters Patent, and consistently with the provisions thereof ; and We will, and by these Presents for Us, Our Heirs > t 102 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 and Succossors, do grant and declare that these Our Letters Patent, or the enrolment, or the exe ni- phhcation thereof, shall and may be good, firm, valid, sufficient and effectual in the Law, according to the true intent and moaning of the same ; and shall be taken, construed and adjuged in the nioHt favourable and beneficial sense, or to the best advantage of the said Chancellor, President and Scholars of our said College, as will in Our Courts of Reco d, as elsewhere, and bv all and singular JudoeH Justices, Ofhcers, Ministers and other subjects whatsoever of Us, Our Heirs and Successors, any nii.s- recital, non-recital, omission, imperfection, defect, matter, cause, or thing whatsoever, to the contrary thereof m any wise notwithstanding. In witness whereof We have caused these our Letters to be made Patent. . . (Note. The next Letter written by Doctor Strachan was addiessed to Mr. Benjamin Hawes, Under Secretary of State for the Colonies, enclosing, for Earl Grey's information, a Memorandum of* two interviews on the subject of the Church University, which he had had with Sir Robert Peel. But, as these inter- views were personal, and non-official, I do not insert here either the Communication itself, or the Memorandum.) V. Doctor Strachan to Earl Grey, Colonial Secretary. I have had the honour of receiving your Lordship's Letters of the 18th ultimo, . . . on the subject of the establishment, by Royal Charter, of an University in Upper Canada exclu- sively connected with the Church of England. I have, in reply, to inform your Lordship that I have perused the Draft Charter enclosed in your Letter, and I have also carefully considered the suggestions by which it is accompanied, and that I regret to be under the necessity of stating, that it is impossible for me to come to any decision on the application you have submitted to me, without having had an opportunity of ascertaining what may be the views of the Provincial Government upon it. I will, therefore, transmit copies of your Letters and of the Draft Charter to the Earl of Elgin, and I must post- pone offering any advice to Her Majesty as to the grant, or refusal, of the Charter, until I shall have received His Lordship's report upon the subject. In stating to your Lordship that such is the course which I feel it to be my duty to take, I beg to observe, . . . that, in makins the proposed reference to the Governor of the Colony, I am merely acting in accordance with the rule which I have thought it right invariably "to adhere to since I have had the honour of holding the Seals of this Department, (and, in which, I believe, I am following the practice of my Predecessors in office,) to decline adopting, (in consequence of applications addressed to me directly.) any important step affecting the internal interests of Her Majesty's Colonial Possessions, without having had a previous opportunity of communicating on the subject with the Governor of the Colony to which such application may relate. Your Lordship is aware that, if your application for a Royal Charter had been addressed to me by Letter from the Colnny, the established Regulations of the Colonial Service would have required that it should have been forwarded to me through the Governor, in order that he might have an opportunity of offering an explanation of his views with regard to it, before any decision was come to by Her Majesty's Government. I conceive, that the circumstance of your Lordship having come to this Country, in order to brim? the application before me person- ally, instead of by Letter, can make no difference in the obvious propriety of enabling the Governor to call the attention of Her Majesty's Government to any considerations which may appear to him to require their attention, before they come to a decision, on a subject of such deep importance, to the people of Canada. I catmot conclude this Letter, without expressing the great regret with which I have observed an expression in the Memorandum of your interview with Sir Robert Peel, which might be understood as implying that you regard a reference of this question to the Governor General of Canada as a reference " to your enemies." Nothing I am persuaded, can be more erroneous than such an idea, nor has there been anything in the conduct of the Earl of Elgin which seems to me to justify the smallest doubt of his entertaining an earnest and conscientious desire to act fairly and impartially towards every Christian Church in Canada, and especially towards that of which he is himself a Member. I shall postpone transmitting this Correspondence to the Goveraor General, until I am informed whether there are any further observations on the subject to which it relates, which you would desire to have brought under his notice. Bf^-S London, 26th July, 1850. Grey. Chap. VI. DOCTOR STRACHiN's CHURCH UNIVERSITY CORRESPONDENCE. 103 VI. Doctor Stbachan to Earl Grby, Colonial Secretary. I have the honour to acknowledge your Lordship's Letter of the 26th instant, and had not my attention been called to two words which occur in the narrative of my interviews with the late Sir Robert Pee), I should have been content with expressing my regret at the course which your Lordship had been pleased to adopt. That lamented Statesman knew as well I did, that the words "our enemies" do not include or apply to the Earl of Elgin, who is not believed to be clothed with the sufficient authority to mterfere with effect under what is called Responsible Government. In regard to applications made from a Colony to the Imperial Government, being sent back to the Authorities of that Colony, it may be convenient, as a general rule, when the subject matter is new, unknown, or not well understood. But, I submit, that the question of granting the Charter I desire is not exposed to any of these objections. It has been acted upon in the case of the Kirk of Scotland in Upper Canada, in that of the Methodist Body, who enjoy a Royal Charter for an Academy. ' I shall, nevertheless, hope against hope, that the Colonial Authorities may see the iniquity of refusing their assent to a measure so reasonable and just, now that the responsibility is thrown wholly upon themselves. London, 27th July, 1850. John Toronto. (Note. The foregoing Letter closed the Correspondence of 1850 between Doctor Strachan and Earl Grey. The various Letters of that Correspondence were, by Earl Grey, enclosed, two days after the date of Doctor Strachan's last letter, to Lord Elgin, the Governor General of Canada, including also the two following Petitions to the Queen, which were by Doctor Strachan, personally placed in Earl Grey's hands, and, by him, laid before Her Majesty, as he informed Doctor Strachan in his Letter to him of the 13th June, 1850. (see pages 97-J)H.) These Petitions recount, somewhat in historic form, the incidents and vicissitudes of the Church of England in Upper Canada, particularly so far as that Church had to do with the promoticn of University Education in the Province, from 1827 to 1850. The following are copies of these two Petitions, as they were presented to the Queen by Earl Grey) : — 1 ?"•• I! I Petition to the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty. May it Please Your Majesty ; We your Majesty's dutiful and loyal Subjects, Members of the United Church of England and Ireland, in Upper Canada, humbly beg leave to represent, that His late Majesty, King George the Fourth, was graciously pleased in the Eighth Year of His Reign, to establish and incorporate, by a Royal Charter, under the Great Seal of England, a College within the Province of Upper Canada for tlie education of youth, (as the said Charter especially declared, ) in the Principles of the Christian Religion, and for their instruction in the various Branches of Science and Literature. That His Majesty was pleased to give to the said College the name of King's College, to confer upon it the style and privileges of an University, with power to confer Decrees in Divinity and in other Fivculties, and to pass Statutes and By-laws for the good government and management of the saiJ University, and especially for the performance of Divine Service therein ; and that His Majesty was further pleased to provide for the adequate support of the said Universitv, by directing a Grant of Land to be made for its Endowment from the Waste Land of the Crown in Upper Canada. We beg leave further to represent to Your Majesty, that although, bv its Charter, the University was to be open to all, without exacting any Religious Test from either Professor, or Scholars, except as regarded the Faculty of Divinity, yet it was so far in connection with the National Clmreh, that the Members of the College Couuuil were required to be Members of that Ohurtjh, and aubscribe to her articles, and so were the Professor of Divinity and all Students who should take Degrees in Divinity. That some discontent having been excited in the . nee, on account ct '>ese provisions, it was thought fit by His late Majesty, King William the Fourth, to allow the Legislature of Upper Canada to pass an Act, altering the terms of the Royal Charter in these particulars, which connected the said 104 DOCUMENTARY HI8TORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA 1850 j* Univeraity exclusively with the Church of England, and eiipecially ahoiishing all Religious Tests, or Qualifications, except that it was re(iuired that the Members of the College Council and all the Pro- fessors to Ikj appointed, should make a declaration that they believed in the authenticity and Divine Inspiration of the Old and New Testament, and in the Doctrine of the Trinity. That under this altered Charter, King's College preserving its name and munificent Endowment granted by the Crown was still capable of being made a Seat of Learning, valuable for all who can appreciate the blessing of sound Religious InRtruction for their children, because, although the security of tests was removed, yet these wore no prohibition against the establishment and continuance of a Divinity Professorship of the Church of England within the said University, and the regular celebration of Divine Service; and His Majesty King William the Fourth, when he was plea8<>d to assent to the modification of the Charter, having especially required that that advantage should Imj secured to the Members of the National Church ; there was, in fact, a Divinity Professorship of the Chu j of England, appointed upon the organization of the College during the administration of Governor General, Sir Charles Bagot, whose services were continued through the whole period that the College was in successful operation, which it had been from its commence^aent until the first day of January last, (1850), on which day an Act of the Provincial Legislature, passed in its last Session, (of 1849,) came into force, repealing and annulling in effect, the whole Royal Charter, by which King's College was established. We now humbly \)e^ leave to represent to Your Majesty, that, by this last Act, the University of King's College, as established by Royal Charier, under tHe (Jreat Seal of England, in 1827, has been virtually abolished, its name being changed to the " University of Toronto," and its property and funds directed to be applied to the support of an Institution, in which it is expressly provided by the law which creates it, that there shall be no Faculty of Divinty, nor shall there be any Professorship, Lectureship, or Teachership, of Divinity in the same ; that there shall be no Religious Test, or qualification, whatever, for any Scholar, Student, or Fellow, or for any Person appointed to any office, or employment, whatever, in the bame, nor shall any Religious Ol)sei vances, according to the forms of any particular Religious Denomination, be imposed upon the Members, or Officers, of the said Uni- versity, or any of them ; that the University shall have no power to confer any Degree in Divinity ; and that no person shall Ite appointed by the Crown to any Seat in the Senate, who shall be a Minister, Ecclesiastic, or Teacher, according to any form, or profession, of Religious Faith, or Wor- ship whatsoever. The foundation which hod been so kindly and liberally made, by our Sovereign, for the sound, moral and Religious education of our youth, having been, in this manner, deBtroyed, Your Majesty's Petitioners feel that it has now become their duty to mtke the most strenuous efforts for founding an University, or College, in which instruction in the Sciences may be combined with a bOund Religious Education ; and, in which the truths of Christianity, as they are hold by their Church can be taught without jealousy, or reserve. We do not desire to see Tests imposed of such a nature r. s could create uneasiness among the Memt>ers of the Church [of England,] and would consider the great object of Religious peace and unity within the College, suffioiently secured by requiring from all wao are to have any share in its Government, or any duties, as Professors, Teachers, or Officers ; to be pe :-f ormed with- in it, the declaration that they are sincere and faithful Members of the United Church of England and Ireland, conforming to her Liturgy ; submitting to her discipline ; and believing in her doctrines ; and pledging themselves that their conduct shall be always in accordance with that declaration. We entreat that your Majesty will he graciously pleased to grant Your Royal Charter, for the In- corporation of an University, to be established, on this clear and unequivocal principle, and to be sup- ported by means which the Members of the Church [of England,] will contribute from their own re- sources. The privilege which we ask has been already conceded to the Members of the Church of Scotland in Upper Canada, and will not, as we humbly hope be withheld from the Members of the Church of Eng- land, composing, as they do, the most numerous Denomination of the Christians in Upper Canada, and being behind none in devotion to Your Majesty's Royal Person and Government, in obedience to the laws, and in the proofs of a just and tolerant spirit towards all classes of their fellow-subjects. And Your Majesty's dutiful and loyal Petitioners will ever pray. John Toronto, Geo. Okill Stuart, Archdeacon of Kingston. Alexander Neale Bertiune, Archdeacon of York. H. J. Grasett, M. A., Cantab. James Beaven, M. A., Stephen Lett, LL. D. , Clerk. J. G. D. McKenzie, B. A., Clerk. Arthur Palmer, B. A. , Clerk. J. Gamble Geddes, B. A., Clerk. Edmund Baldwin, M. A., Clerk. Richard Mitchell, M. A., Clerk. W. Stewart Darling, Clerk. John B. Robinson, Chief .Justice of Upper Caii .da. James B. Macaulay, Chief .Ju8tice,Common Pleas. William H. Draper, Justice, Queen's Bench. J. C. P. Esten, Vice Chancellor. Toronto, 9th April, 1850. Robert S. Jameson. Vice-Chancellor. Edward G. O'Brien, William B. Robinson, Thomas D. Harris, Le'.vi8 Moffatt, James Gordon, Alexr. Burnside, Enoch Turner. William Natomd, LL. D. Lucius O'Brien, M. D. > Thomas Champion, Geo. Crookshank John Duggan, John Beverly Robinson, M. Betley, W. Brent. Chap. VI. DOCTOR STRACHAN's church university CORRESi'OXDEXCE. 105 2. PETITION TO THK QUEI^N'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJKSTY. May it plkase Yopk cajesty, VVe, your Majesly's most dutiful and loyal Subjects, the Clergy and Laity of the United Church of England and Ireland, inhabiting thai iiart of British Ni rth America, which formerly conipoaeil the Province cf Upper Canada, Most humbly represent : — That after the Peace of 1783, this portion of your Majesty's Dominions become the Asylum of those faithful Loyalists, who, durinff the Revolutionary VVar with the Colonies, now the United States, shed their blood and sacrificeil their property in adhering to their King and the ' Unity of the Empire.' That the Parent State, anxious to prove her grateful sense of their affectionate and disinterested services in a way the most agreeable to their wishes and feelings, conferred upon them, in 1791, a form of Government similar to their own, and, in order that the State, as at home, might be sanctified by Religion, provision was made at the express command of your Majesty's Royal (irandfather, in the Constitutiona'. Act of 1791 for its support, according to the form of the United Church of England and Ireland, by the Getting apart for that, the most important of all objects, a portion of the waste Lands of the Crown. That in the spring of 1797, the Legislature of Upper Canada addressed their beloved Sovereign, Oeorae the III, of blessed memory, for a portion of the Waste Lands of the Crown, to pro¥ tion, and without any tveond iOfJUtIt on r merely in «Hi( ling (Artial charges, I aoc l)een the noblo8i SeuiiriH ■ .« the Cm. im ^ rwl .ie ol W^'l^. 'l" '^"^ ;•* .^^ I'^f .• T '>' ''ftrnyn King's Colh-g. «n,l. in effit, oonliHcaten nVLnlLf '•,"'•'' / u '^ ''"■"'*'' "PPOH.tion to the wi,sl(.-H and invitations .,/ tTree MonarchH. an.l Im h , .HS'tr.i "^'^^^ '' ^"^ i":'^>T'' 'ri' "";' r.T'^'': namely, the Rel.«.o,m Instruction of vol th, and the traiui„,< of such 4h w. re n.ehned forth.. H -ly Ministry ; and that no lovftl and grateful feel ngH may hereafter a««,^(^ " Kin^ . College" with .i. Royal l.e.,efactor., the very name'^iH sup! pressed, and " University „f Twnmto,'^ substituted in its room, j' i» e i» -up That Your Majesty's humUW. VulM ./?er8 ne< d scarcely represent, tlvr 'hey were filled with urief Hilir'^''[VK^"'V"''^*''''.""«''^'> -*'' "^ LeKi«l«tion, unexampled, , tLy believe, in BrE ^hfh H.'„ • ^''f ..""'.V can uive no eonli.Jmice in, or connexion with, an K.lucational Institution in R« i.i,.. 1% ^'"^ " l^y^"", and Praise can never be heard, and from whi.h, by the abolition of all Keligious Services, the acknowle,lgement of the Deity, and belief in the Saviour, are excluded. By the passing of this Act, should it unfortunately i>e confirn-.-d by your Majesty, nearly Two Huii'''l *"•' 'l*'^?^'"' «"'^J'-''^t". wh., beUma to do National Church, will Chi L'lTinVK /'?■"►""" ^^'f^''''-^r?""^^'''^''''""«^ ^^« bounty of tL C^rown, of educating their wh h vn r vf V''''"'t"'" *«'»»'-."'• on>ringing un such as are disposed t<. th. Holy Ministry , from all which your Majesty will perceive that the welfare of that Church, of which your Majesty is the constitutional Heml and Protector, is placed in imminent peril. «vjeHi,y i SouMiSL^^^^M ^'? 1°'^*- ^''^f^\'> ^J'^^her represent, that they have the pledge of no fewer than three orlrnTfh PK K fH,"^^'''S'^'''<^*^^"^ "*• * Protestant Religious Seminary, according to the aS f?; .if Church of 1<:ngland, an.l for the safety of its Kn.lowmeift, and they are the more'^encour- T m! L YTV • i" ^"'fi'l"'"^"^ **»8 «''''■'•'■•' and Royal pledge, from the fact, that the Endowments of «,„itj^;lVi'" "1 1 *'.''^!~'',"*'''>',^*''' ' "^« ^''6 amount of those granted to King's CoUege,- r-anXu n V' '■"'Pr^'^''' ,^»"i« the only Seminary belonging to the Church of England in ifp^r Sit Tn^I'.T" •^■'TrT'^V'''''.^'" *"*•'•'* ''""''*-' «^ Refigion, but will be utterly destroyed, aiTa .v«nn^!„ f c'^^^u^'"*''''''" 't* "t**"'- ""'««« Your Majesty shall graciously interfere by the exercise or .ur Ko> al Prerogative to prevent it. o . .» fn S.Y^"f. '"^'i^ ' '"'*''*! l^'^'""^''* "'"^'^ respectfully represent, that they have been brought up wnJh. !r\', r .*' 'T *''*' ^"?S • ^^"^y have ever held the promise of their Sovereign sacred, and Tml o • p 1 " ." '"!' V t™?'^'"^' '^''«y di'l not presume when Lands were cheap in the Province, ana an J^aiUowment .laht have been easily obtained, to stand between the grace of the Sovereijrn, and the Hnnnl"pr "^T '^'^^ P'-^P'^':^*! ^"^ the disregard to the Royal Prerogative and the jur.t claims of nnlSt ir^ manifested by the late Act, which Act they consf.ler more unacc-ountablo and 1 ^it .,i'» "^*-.u ?T Leg'slature has abundant means at its disposal of endowing as many Colleges H.rfef''T "**'•'' '''«'u ''I* ''^*""'''"'*°»''y""«: *"'l »f '•^•^^••'? that of Her Sovereign and enlnvwl ^i • *r T^?"'^''/,' l' • ^?''' *" ^'^ ''«'* '« «""P'y to retain the advantage which is actually fn wWh?^ ''■'"'^ °*^*"' ^°^y °^ Christians in Upper Canada, of having one place of public Education, \u7iM. their young men may be religiously instructe.l, and, such as desire it, trained to the Holy nn!lln«7 ' '® *" Endowment wrested from us which our Sovereign ha-» granted for that .in„„In^/K*'^'!' and loval Subjects, May it please Your Majesty, would further observe, in deep fK? l»k?f ik '2,** .'^^ T" " *'"'^ ^•'^" the word of the Sovereign was felt to be as secure as r„i„^ „„ /v! ff Empire and d- > ■! such a time be allowed to pass away ? The truth of the Sove- n!.il^,f^ the atrection of the peopl. are co-relative, as the one cannot live without the other. Yet, wlJof / °! ^^'^ inhabitants of this noble Colony are suffering in their dearest rights and ZrIZ IWi ^"^^ which they feel to be extremely oppressive. They are deprived of their T'.vi nf 3„..T Endowment, although thn ■ guaranteed by tlie Crown, and, hv this, they lose the powoi ?r«J! !n o \ T^*"^ "I ^'■*8»"'I Divinity, which virtually passes on then.'a sentence of proscription, ;^Wi,tv 1 offices of profit and honour as require a Degree to qualify for their attainiuent,-! .. , ,j f>.ll„^^ w? ?•" *'^^'"°*"^°f bestowing on their children an Education based on Religion, the only Jiducation worth posses.iing. „,„. Y"i^'"i"°,'? *''>'j"8 circumstances, to whom can they go for redress but to Your Majesty, in whose Sesty's Predecessors """^ *'""^' ' ** "'^"^ ""^ *''*'"'" """^ ^^'' '*'^''*"''«*^ '" "^*'' '"*^'« '*«"« '" J""!" ^„/. ■^®''™^* ".^' *h«"' t*?e hope that Yoi; '^ii.ivs.v will lend a gracious ear to this, our humble suppli- cation , that influenced by your exalte,' p . - .-, ; Co-sr.tutionel Head of the Church, you will cause pn!.,^!,iM^ three Sovereigns to be hUmc. .^ \v :h3 restoration of King's College in all its effici- nn^w^Tf " ,°'''''*'*'''"'^"^*t^°"*?'''**^ ^-'vrU as shall rer rate it entirely from politics, and allow it to proceed on its work of Scien'.'fic .vav Regions Inst.,.. :,iou in security and peace. And your Majesty's dutiful and loyal Petilio.'.ers, as in duly bound, will ever pray. «« I f^*'™-7'^hi8 Petition was Signed, (as stated by Doctor Straohan). by above one hundred ana twenty fa ve thousand persons in Upper Canada, and presented to Her Majesty the Queen mJune, J8o0. See pages 103-106 of this Chapter) J f w, Chap. VI. nocToit stiu<'han'8 church UNIVKUHITY CORREH.'ONDENCE. 107 VII. Lbttek rROM Eahl Jbiv, Colonial Srx retery, lo Lord Euiin. Oovirwob Oenekal '^f Canada. K.f- »>*v« th« hon.,ur to fHiisnut to Your L., d.hip, r-opie* of a Corr««iK)ndence betwoen the Lord Buhoj. .f Toronto and my olf, on the subject of the ^tabliih- rnent by Iloyal Charter, oi an University in I pmu Canada, exclti.--ly connected with the Church of England, and unaided hy fhe Public Funda of t » .er thia Coun- try, or the Province ; and I have to reciuest . Mr LonUhii, .ill report to me your opinion, whether there are any circumstHnceH. ... tho preaout state (.f Canada which would afford any .utHciont reaion for witholding from the Members ot tha Church of Kngland, who are desirous of establishing a Univers.t by meana of funds rai.tir? by themselves, and without assistance from tho pubic, the advantage of a Royal Charter in the terms of the enclosed Draft. I am n.)t. myself, awaro that any such circumstances exist, and I should greatly regret to Hnd that there is any obstacle to the grant of th.- pi optmed Charter, since it appears to me that it would only aff..id to the Member, of the Church of England facilities for carrying on education, according to their own views, which are usually extended to other Religious com munitM't. " LoMDON, 29th July, 1850. Obey. Illnhnn o( Torna< to, 20Ui Mn.v, IM.'S^t, Kurl Ow. , iS •'urie, lK'i»». l«l«lio(i 'f Toron- to Hlh .lune. IdfMi, with firaft of prc>|)oa«-»» it -« -p- f.. ^"u^t ^T"^^®. *'^ "',® ^''t. which destroys King's College and establishes a Universitv from which Religion is to^«ly excluded, it is averred to be a Measure :- ""'""^^ * i^niversity, " ^*"', t*^® advancenieiit of leaiumg, upon ^principles calculated to insure tlie confidence of ,i'! ckases and denominations of Her Majesty's sttbjects, and which, under the bLsi'ng of Divine^^^^^ V dence woidd encourage the pursuit of Literature, Science, and Art, and, thSTind to iromo the best interests. Religious, >f;,ral, and Intellectual, of the people at iargel" ^ ^ .u- S.f V"^°« '?** provisions does this Statute seek to attain these imoortanfc obieot.™ ? Tn Ihl T^nil'V- I'a'' I' *"*'"'"' ■' V'"^ '^"^'■^ ^"*" '^^ "° *'"«»'ty of Divinity in the same";" bV the Twenty-Ninth Section, repeated in the Sixty-fourth ; it ordains. " That no Religious test maSuttS!"' "^^'•'."^^iJ^r-'^" ^« ^'^^'^^^ °f' - ''PPointed for, any person atSedo; ings few Hce ce. ve » For particulars of this Opening, see pages 277-292 of the Fourth Volume of this Documentary Histoiy. ■,h 108 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OP EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 I! iti " Shp.41 Religious Observancea, according to the forms of any particular Religious Denomination, be imposed upon the Members or Officers of the said University, or any of them. '" To speak of the interests of Religion being promoted by an Institution, from which every reference to it is, by law, excluded is a cruel and unworthy mockery. But, on this point, the people of the Colony have already spoken. The three great Denominations, as well as the Church of England, embracing together almost two-thirds of the population of Upper Canada, and nearly all who require collegiate instruction, have resolved to have no connection with such an Institution. The Synod of the Church of Scotland, in their address to the Queen, dated Kingston, Upper Canada, 17th July, 1849, express their grief and disappointment at the attempts that are made to sever Religion from Public Instruction, and add, " We refer especially to the University Measure carried through the late Session of Parliament, and now become law, which, though the University was endowed, by one of Your Majesty's Royal Predecessors, expressly for the education of the youth of these Provinces in the Christian Religion, as ilyi Church, we should be betrayiag the cause we are bound to uphold, did we not draw Your Majesty's atte.. on to this disastrous Measure, and if we did not express our earnest hope that, since it so directly contravenes the intentions of the enlightened Founder, while it is regarded with dissatisfac- tion by all the great Religious Bodies of the Country, means may yet be taken, by Your Majesty's gracious direction, to amend the provisions of the Statute, and so to avert from us and our posterity a calamity so great as its permanent adoption must inevitably bring upon us, if it be true that them that honour God He will honour, while they that despise Him shall belii everything tending to the stability of Ministers, EcclesSics.' aSd tters anHvrro'hiWr.f 'p * «""^i«io"« Je'^lousy of all Members of the Senate. indS such iTterd^S f^ ^T" f'S"?- "."^«'=*'°8 ^^^"^ *« to .ain the young to^all ^^^^^S^ ^^^^^ ^ -Po- - ^es. jual.ed millio'^Jolltstrerrlriyl?^^^^^^^^^ more than two purposes, in Lower Canra^.^fr ^e beneeSof t?e Frfi'"""^ for Educational and Charitable British feelings may be outraged and thrwi«hl nf /^ YT?r°?"^''°°' ** " ^ ^^''^ how far Colleges havl their Endo32 preLr^ef ^^^^^ ^^^^. T'^^.' J'^"^' *»»« ««^«'»1 single Church of England CoTlege i^ Ser ' Canlri If ""P^'^'^** and cherished ; but the University establishid in its room Nn? f),S. t / ? ^'olently suppressed, and an irreligious millions of acres, or the Tuppress^o^' of one of tL«/p'"^ u^n ^^^fi^^^^on of one of these two but surely, it is not too mE for BrShwr. ""*''* Colleges three, or four, in number ; three of their own Kings sSd meet whh ^^Lk "P""'' '^*^*^ ^^^^^^^ "' »« *«^«' than Prince. At present, il contrStTs ^U hu™ilSg. '"""'"'""" " ''*°'' "' "'^^ '•^"'«° Colleg"est:i„?vi\Vthe^^^^^^^^^ a'^RotfX' r** ^''« ^^--h of Scotland have Degrees in Arts and DivinitT thrNationaTnhy,rti, ?^* l^'',*'^!^' "^'^^ ''^^ P^^^*^ "* conferring or Three of the other DeTmbationa out toa«?h^^^^^ ^a ^?g^*'V^J 7''* *" '"^"y Members as two and is driven to have recou^sTto a^Tpo^^^^^ '.^" ^'' °f, i!«' °^» College, the University ; otherwise her vacanTes c7uld ^nf K^^! r*!?'"^ u^^f- °l ^*' y«""« '"^'^ *« waste places of the Province Itr°ntru?h an aot wt^i^S^''^-^'^' .7 ''^^^'S^*^ ^^'^^•^^'^ ^ 'he of England, and peril her eLtence'ii Upper Canadl. «^'d««% «««k» to crush the Church assis^ntl%\rbVsircK^^^^^^ - '<> -deavour,. with Divine with which the Legislature of the C^on^Ln^^r^o p^S^^^^ P"-*« -^-. in a BjJrih'^cotldfc^rS^^ ''°'^°"*«' "^"^ ^'-^ -P-'i^d to England to supplicate further asBi8tan7«fm^.»^K "**y."® expected. I have now come to worthy of our Chu?ch and caSe S «»nnl „r„ k "'°''* " ';«'l"'''^ *« ^'tablish a University Vene^ble Societies thriSCt l^dS V:^ "bXvTd^ Sh i'n'tf V'*\^.'^ '""^ ™i; mtttiSiro-arXraS -'^-^ ^- -- ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^Z^^t::^ destined to be the great sea! o?our'H7yS;:EttSsirN;rth^^^^^^^^^ ''''"'^'' '^^'"'^ iandriizi%oTuS'or^^^^^ i^" ht^Ketiottirr^^^ ''•^?, '^^ ■^'^r^ f°^ ^"«- Sciences, is a glorious work an/rworkthffc onlfnnf KT^i^V ««'«".»" »" the Arts and ,a. London, May 9th, 1850. John Toronto. no DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 II. Letter To the Members op the Church of England in England. Under the pressure of what I feel to be a very great necessity, I have ceased, for a short time, from any pastoral labours in the Diocese of Toronto, and have come to England to appeal, (I hope not in vain), to the sympathy of the Members of the Church of England in the Mother Land, in behalf of their Brethren in Upper Canada. When, in the year 1799, I made that distant portion of the British Empire my home, it con- tained not more than 20,000 inhabitants. Even in 1824, the population had only risen to 150,- 000 ; but since that period the increase has been astonishing, being now (in 1860) 800,000, or an increase of more than five-fold in twenty-six years, and, according to its present rapid rate of in- crease, so much accelerated by steam navigation, and by the circumstances which compel emi- gration from Great Britain and Irelanf?, there is no doubt that many who are now living will see its population far greater than that of Scotland. Of its present inhabitants I may venture to say that 200,000, at least, are Members of the i;i^g , Church of England, and the greater part of them either emigrants from the United Kingdom, or the children of such emigrants. Hence the Diocese of Toro \to, (at present embracing the whole of Upper Canada), promises to be the principal seat of Our Church in British North America. The present policy of the Mother Country, whether it be wise, or unwise, is to confer upon her great Colonial Possessions almost uncontrolled powers of Government, so that their subor- dination to Imperial authority is, in fact, rather nominal than real. Being left to model their oivij institutions as they please, their moral condition and social happiness are dependent on the oha nee of their forming a right judgment of their best interests. And this, where suffrage is al- most universal, as in Upper Canada, leaves all dependent on the virtue and intelligence of the people. For the education of the great mass of the people in the Common Schools, liberal provision has been made by the Legislature, under an Educational System which is conducted with ability and zeal* but, which, nevertheless, labours under the vital defect of excluding all doctrinal in- struction in Religion, or, in other words, all practical teaching of Religious Truths. To secure an adequate provision for education of that higher order, which is necessary to prepare youth for the liberal professions, and for the important duties of legislation, had been, for fifty years, the self imposed labour of my life. In 1827, before which time the Province was scarcely qualified to receive it, we had the happiness to see in Upper Canada a University founded by Royal Charter, and liberally endowed by the Crown with a large grant of Land. So little exclusive was it in its character, that its ad- vantages were open to all ; no tests were required from Professors or Students, with the exception of the Professors of Divinity, and of graduates in that Faculty. But it was avowedly a College in connection with one National Church, and provisions was made in the Charter for ensuring unity and consistency in its discipline and government. If it had been otherwise, the Charter would have been such as had never before been issued under the Great Seal of England for the foundation of a University, to be endowed by the Crown in any part of the British Dominions. Yet, because it was complained of as unreasonable and unjust that a University should be founded by the Sovereign in connection with the Established Church of the Empire, it was thought expedient to allow the Royal Charter to be so altered by a Colonial Statute as to leave no trace in it of a connection with the National Church. This change was made in 1837 ; and, as was foreseen by many, it half accomplished the ruin of the University. For though, neither Religious Instruction, nor Divine Worship was excluded, and, though, in deference to the express wish of the Sovereign, King William the Fourth, a Pro- fessorship of Divinity, according to the doctrines of the Church of England, and the daily use of her admirable Liturgy were tolerated for a time, during which the University was flourishing and rapidly rising in public estimation and confidence, yet the Colonial Legislature having been once allowel to multilate the Royal Charter in 1837 has not stopped short in the work of de- struction. In the last Session of that Legislature, (1849,) an Act was passed which came into force on the first day of January, 1850. expressly excluding from the College Religious Instruction, according to any form of doctrine whatever ; prohibiting any form of Prayer, or any act of Pub- lic Worship, and disqualifying any Graduate of the University, who may have taken Holy Orders from having a voice in the Senate. - In ISii, at the firet Session of the Legislature of United Canada an annual wmnt of Fiftv Thousand pounds a year was get apart for the maintenance and support of Connnon Schools in the United I'rovinces of Upper and Lower Canada And this was accomplished by the aid of the Honouraljle Isaac Huchanan, See pajie 100 of the Fourth Volume of this Documen- tary History. The Administrator of the System of Common School Kduontlon, at the time that Bishop Strachan wrote this Appeal in 1850, (and to whom he here refers,) was the Keverend Doctor Uyerson, who was appointed to office in September, 1844. ' Chap. VI. DOCTOR STRACHAN'S CHURCH UNIVERSITY CORRESPONDENCE. lH flustamed for a time, it must be at the sacrific of the highest and most ^reyintereis ^ A deep conviction of this forces itself upon the mind of every religious man • but the Mem bers of the Church of England, utterly dispairine of and reiectina «« fV,o^S!i ' -i!\ King's College but is now the Anti-Christian ''uKrsi?? of Toronto 'do 3 tl /hat was once Church, or of their cause . Relying on the Blesrg'oTSotlX'sX the"if o'wt tTex^^^^^^^^ they hope soon to succeed in establishing a Universitv atnVHtr o»,«i .,,.,. ji • ®^®"*°"8, withtheirChurch; aUuiversity notcolfi\Y„7iSK^ ^^^^ iversity of which the Rdigious character shall be known and acknowledged in wMch the doo" tnnes of the Church of England shall be taught in their integrity, and if wh ?h l^^r oure and "reasonable service" shall elevate and sanctify the labours of the Teacher and the scholar We hope to succeed in establishing, for ourselves, without pecuniary and from anv'nublifi CrJ^oLt S""'"^^''^ clearlyand avowedly in connection with our cLrT^ceMngoSy from o^^^ Gracious Sovereign what other Religious Denominations in our Province have received a Char privlgroT-Sg KlTi':!' ^"^ '''^ ^°^^™-"^ °' ^^« I-"^"*-. an'dTorSg on Ptte li«./wm '%^°"",'?8; **,*? advanced age, [ of 72,] to lay the foundation of a work, which I be- lieve will, at no distent day, be of inestimable value to thnt rising Country. The Efforts which LTu«%T*^^ Province just before my departure, have been nobly seconded! Within a few weeks, the contributions in Money and Land have amounted to more than Twenty-five Thou sand pounds, (£25,000.) Yet this effort, astonishing as it is, considering the state of the contributors struggling for subsistence in the wilderness, -far from theSof their fathers - s scarcely sufccient to erect the necessary Buildings. B-it does it not onn«Hfn^!. a nio.!^'^; but irresistable, upon the Members of the Church fof EnglaSl in this Po^nf rl ?. *=1*»,'"' ?" deficiency as to Endowment? . Hence, having done our S^t'^ my' peop^^^^^^ felt ourselves justified in relying with filial confidence upon the enlUCedTSotisr the Religious zeal, the generous sympathy of our Brethren at home, for enlbliSHs to estabTsh in this populous and important Colony, upon asound foundation, and on a liWl scale a SeatS Learning, with which political agitations shall have no pretence to medd^ and which wUl assuredly prove an invaluable blessing to the Country, and to many thousands ?n it who were formerly inhabitants of the United Kingdom ; and not a blessing to thosVonly who beLTto Itc^s-uta^^tSon'^^^^^^ I trust God will put it into the hearts of those of our fellow Churchman in this Country to whom he has entrusted wealth, to give to us liberally of their abundance ; Ind that those >;^ho can only, by the exercise of a prudent economy, have anything to spare may stHl smJe us a oJlra^ion7Jh1ran;.'' ""'"''''^" ^^"^ °"^^ ''^ accomplished o'n an ^adquate Lie! b^tr^o- It is not long since an English Gentleman, Mr. James Smithson, bequeathed a princely sum fu TTic":*?^ promotion of science, by means of an Institution to be founded in the canftalTf the United States of America-now called the "Smithsonian Institution." Washington to^which Countiylamnot aware that he was bound by any particular tie. If. happUy some other English Gentleman o equal means and equal philanthrophy should so far soE'e Ttriotism with benevolence as to make Upper Canada the recipient of as large a bounty, he wouM be laying the foundation of infinite good to a Country rapidly rising into important, and would be ar^tetl'ortrprpl'er'^"^"" *'^ P'^"^"^^^'"^^ ^^^«^^«'^^»- andgovemmTntf^: LoNDox, 12th June, 1850. j^^^ Toronto. III. Statement of English Church Members, in Response to the Foregoino Appeal OF Bishop Strachan. * (Note. This Statement is inserted as part of the history of the Case, and also on account of the historical references which it contains.) foil '^^^ "ndersigned Noblemen and Gentlemen, having heard from the Bishop of Toronto \ the following ] Statement, feel deeply impressed with the justice and importance of his Appeal, and 1 ' .-^X i ! '-N,-' "**1}i: 112 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPEU CANADA. 1850 L-> 1 •i I 8 , urgently recommend the same to the Christian Sympathy of the Members of the Church of England in the Mother Country. Nelson Lyttelton Seaton, (Sir John Colbornt- ) W. B. Gladstonk Sidney Herbert Thomas Robinson D. D. John Russell D. D. W. Cotton J. H. Tornek G. K. Gleig Robert Montgomery. Earnest Hawkinh, B. D. j. s. m. anderson. T. Hartwell Hokne, B. D. Henry Mackenzie. Historical, Statistical and Financial Statements by the Bishop of Toronto. The Diocese of Toronto contains 800,000 inhabitants, Members of the Church of England. of whom upwards of 200,000 are This Diocese may reasonably be txpected to prove the stronghold and principal scat of the Church [of England] in British North America. In 1827, an University was founded by Royal Charter, and liberally endowed in 1828 with property now realizing about £11,000 per annum. It was open to all ; no tests were required from Professors, or Students, with the exception of the College Council, orGoverningBody, the Pro- fessor of Divinity and Students in that Faculty. It was thus connected with the National Church, though not excluding any Members of other Religious Communities from the educational bene- fits it aflforded. And though, in 1837, some alterations *ere made in the Charter by the Colonial Legislature, with the consent of the Crown, yet, as these did not trench upon the religious character of the University, the Institution proceeded on its course of usefulness, with the full confidence of the public. But in, 1849, the Legislature of the Colony of Upper Canada passed an Act, which came into force on the Ist January, 1850, excludins; from the University all Religious Instruction, according to any form of doctrine ; prohibiting any form of Prayer, and every act of Public Worship ; and disqualifying any graduate in Holy Orders from admission into the Senate. The Members of the Church in Upper Canada, thus deprived of an University with which they could in any sense, as Religious men, co-operate, feel that it is their duty to sacrifice Endow- ment rather than Principle ; and, that it is impossible for them, great as the sacrifice is, to hold connection with an Institution now essentially anti- Ohristian, though originally bearing the honoured name of the Sovereign of this Empire, and established for Religious purposes. They are desirous, therefore, of establishing an University in direct connection with the Church, [ of England in Upper Canada ], without pecuniary aid from Public sources, which repudiate the principles of Christianity as the basis of education. For this purpose the Members of the Church [of England ] in Upper Canada have already contributed, within the Province, no less an amount than Twenty-five Thousand pounds, (£25,000) ; but, as this sum will barely suffice to erect the necessary Buildings, an equal sum, at least, will be required to form an Endowment for a Church University for Upper Canada. The Undersigned add to this Statement the following words of Commendation : — The aged Bishop of the Diocese of Toronto having to begin anew the work which has occu- pied half a century of his life, has come to England to obtain assistance from hie Brethren in the faith, and is especially desirous of enlisting in his cause the Universities, the great Church f of England ] Societies, the Clergy, and all who desire to extend the Church [ of England ] in her purity, and to promote her prosperity and usefulness among her Colonial Children. London, June 19th, 1850. Henry Mackenzie, M. A. ) h„„„„„^ «^„,„«.„«;^„ Simon J. G. Eraser, B. A. \ ^o""™^ Secretaries IV, Interview of Doctor Strachan with the Colonial Secretary in Kegard TO the Charter for Trinity College. Doctor Strachan's report of his interview in London with Earl Grey, the Colonial Secretary, which I have copied from the Gobourg Star of the 18th of December, 1850, is as follows : — In regard to my interview with the Colonial Department, I have no reason to complain, for I was treated with all the politeness and consideration, that I could expect. I had left my name at the Office in Downing Street, on the fourth of May, 1860, and had the honour '>f dining with Earl Grey on the Queen's Birthday. His Lordship received me with becoming courtesy, and introduced me to the Duke of Wellington, and to other guests. Chap. VI. DOCTOR strachan's church university correspondence. 113 f . F?<,Unl ^A ?l ^?^' ^^??* I addresBed a no e to his Lordship, stating my object in coming to England, and that I was the Bearer of a petition to the Queen, signed by more than eleven thousand members of cur Church m Canada, which I was anxious to present at his Lordshin's convenience. Next day, 1 received a note, expressing regret, that Lord Grey was obliged to go out ot lown, but that he would ba happy to receive me on his return. » » The interview took place on the 29th of May, 1850. and my requests were severally fiig. cussed m an amicable manner, and the results embodied in Earl Grey's Letter to me of the 13th June * As respects the granting a Charter, Her Majesty's Government, I was informed, were always disposed to regard favourably, proposals, which are made f-r extending and impro^ina the nieans of Education in the British Colonies, and more especially where those proposals do not involvethe necessity of a grant of PublicMoney ; andreadiness was expressed to consider with the utmost attention the suggestions offered for the incorporation of a new University in Unoer Canada whenever a Draft of the Charter, which may be deemed adequate to the purpose, was received. But that, until the Secretary of State was in possession of such Draft, it was obvious that he was not in a position to form any judgment upon the propriety of recommending Her Majesty to give Her consent to the desired Measure ;-but, it was added, that the Secretory of htate 6l.ould feel it to be his auty to communicate with the Provincial Government on a matter action ""P"''**"''®' ^^^°^^ committing Her Majesty's Government i o any settled course oi Now, with the exception of the proposed reference lo the Provincial Government, al! appeared, fair and respectful, and no indication was given of any disposition to withhold the Charter, on the part of the Secretary of Srate. Even the reference itself, as far as I could gather proceeded from no hostile spirit, but was grounded upon what was thought a precedent. In the case of the Queen's College ; I was told that a Charter had been first obtained in the Colony, and then the House Government had nothing more to do than to comply with wishes already expressed and acted upon by the Provincial authorities, and I was left to infer, that had 1 brought a like Document, there would have been no difficulty, but, not having done so it be came neceseary, so as to prevent any misunderstanding, to pn.ceed in the same way. It may be, that the Secretary of State did not dream of any opposition from the Colony, and considered the effect of the reference nothing more, than a little delay ; I thought differently, and con- sidered such refeience to the present Colonial authorities tantamount to a refusal. Had indeed the Colonial Government shewed the same friendly feeling towards the Church of England a^ the Government of the day. did to that of Scotland, when the Charter was granted to Queen's Col- lege, there would have been no fear. Be this as it may, the reference to those who had done us mofk? '"^"'^ "^^ ""'' difficulties, appeared to me, aa it did to others, a cruel On the 10th of June, 1850 I had waited on Sir Robert Peel, to request his influence in promoting my objects, and after reading the Canadian Act destroying King's College and establishing with its endowment a College, from which Religious Worship was virtually excluded he pronounced himself strongly against such a proceeding, which could never have taken place m England. When this new difficulty occurred, I again sought an interview with that eminent bra esman who kindly promised to speak to Mr. Benjamin Hawes, [Under Colonial Secretary!, or Earl Grey, whom he considered very honourable men and not likely to do anything unreasonl able, or unjust ; nor did bethink, that, on consideration, the reference would be persisted in. " But should the Charter be delayed." (he said) " what is your intention ? " I said " the College would commence as soon »« I return to Canada, whether we received a Royal Charter or "°t- , ' ,You are right (he replied) " the Church must do her duty ! " " your case," (he con- wh^wLlI? 7^y,?»«™7*«'i' ""'i perhaps it would be better to go at once to Lord John Russell, Coloilial Office fa^rou""^ " ""''^ " however, may be considered by you, should the As respects the Petition to the Queen presented to Earl Grey on the 29th of May 1850 the following extract from Lord Grey's Letter, already quoted, of the 13th of June, gives the necessary information . . .f . b "^ V. Doctor Strachan's Report of his Visit to England to obtain Funds FOR THE New Church University in Toronto. The following is Doctor Strachan's official Report, to the Members of his Church, of the result of his Visit to England to obtain additional Funds, for the esta blishment, in Toronto , of a Church of England University. To it I have 'See pages 97, 98 of this Chapter. ~ ~ ~ ' t A copy of tliig Letter is given on paaes 97, 98 of this Chapter. 8 D.E. a*- ii\ 114 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 i appended his financial Statement, as laid before the Provisional Board of Trustees of the new University of Trinity College : — In my Pastoral Letter of the Snventh of February laat, I mentioned my intention to proceed to England, to urge the prayer of our Petition to the Queen, and, if found judicious, to both Houses of the Imperial Parliament. Above all to bring the facts of our case before the notice of the Members of the Church [of England] in our Father land ... in the hope that they would . . . enable us, by their offerings, in addition to our own, to found a new College under a holier and better form ;— nor have I been disappointed in these expectations. On the tenth of April, 1850, I left Toronto. On reaching New York, I was much visited by the Clergy and Laity there, and gratified to find that the destruction of King's College, and the establishment of an Institution, from which all Christian Worship is excluded, met the strongest condemnation from all the Members of our Sister Church, and the pious of other Denominations . . . Indeed, so . . . great the interest manifested in our favour, that liberal contri- butions might have been obtained to assist in accomplishing our object, had it been then desir- able to do so.* on the Seventeenth of April, and arrived in Liverpool We sailed from New York . . on the Twenty-ninth, of the month On the 18th June, 1850, I enclosed a Draft of the proposed Charter to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, which is merely a transcript of that of King's College, or of Queen's College, nov in successful operation at Kingston, with such alterations only as might separate the Institution it seeks to establish from any political influence whatever, and enable it to proceed in its work of Religious and Scientific instruction in security and peace. I offered, at the same time, some reasons to induce Lord Grey, the Colonial Secretary, to relinquish any reference [in regard to that Charter] to the Provincial Government, which had shewn itself so hostile to the interest of the Church [of England there] I respectfully submitted, that the avowed object of the Party [in Canada], which had destroyed King's College, was to have only one University, and to affiliate with it all existing Colleges, or Seminaries, in the Province,! and although this abject has signally failed, — yet, while the desire existed, we could not look for any favourable result from such reference. I likewise brought under consideration the hardship and great evil of delay, — that the Members of the Church [of England in Upper Canada] supplied a greater number of Students for Collegiate instruction than any other Religious Denomination, and, chat the refusal of a Charter was nothing less than intolerance and proscription ; that we were only asking what had been already granted to others, [ — the Promoters of Queen's College, Kingston — ] and could not be withheld from us wichout manifest injustice. The question of granting, or not granting, to the Church [of England in Canada] a Royal Charter for a University, in which to educate her youth for the sacred work of her Ministry, and the other liberal professions, having been thus referred to the Privincial Government, nothing remained but for me to express my regret at the course adopted, and to hope against hope, that our opponents would be content with the evil they had already done the Church of England and her Members, [in Upper Canada] and would not add to the further ini(|uity of refusing their assent to a measure so reasonable and just, now that the resporsibility was thrown wholly on themselves . . . On Saturday, the 19th of October, I sailed from Liverpool, and on Saturday, morning, the 2nd of November, I was in Toronto . . . The result of my labours, on leaving England, as already frequently stated, is in money and bonds, nearly Sixteen Thousand pounds, (£16,000,) Halifax currency ; the collections are how- ever still proceeding . . . As respects the Church University, although commenced in one Faculty, little can be said, because its provisional organization is not yet complete. When the necessary Buildings are finished, it will be conducted on the system of a well regulated Christian Household, — all Students will be resident, except it should, at any time seem fit to the Visitors and (College] Council to give dispensations, for special reasons, to some of the Students living with their parents in the City, or near vicinity, subjict, nevertheless, to strict attendance at Chapel, and to all the Rules of Discipline. Our first and great object will ever be to produce young men of moral worth and sound learning, — men who will in after life, do honour to their professions, and bless the Society in which they move. * Subsequently, in ISS'i, Aivlideacoii Bethune, (aftcrwaiils Hisliop,) wa? avil>ointcd to collect Funds in the United States. as was also Archdeacon McMuriay of Niagara conunissioncil, in 1852, 3, to collect subscriptions for the New Church University in the United States. t I have here omitted several portions of this Keport, only pivint; the merely personal Narrative. ; This Question was afrain r.nised in retrard to the UniverBity of Toronto in 1!K)1, and in regard to which I pointed out in letters to the two leadinjf ne«>|iapers in Toronto that such an interpretation of the terms of the Imperial Grant of Lands, for educational jiurposes in 17H7, was historicall.\' incorrect. The l.etrislature asked for an Imperial prant of Lands for (Iramniar Schools anw requiring the aid of n Provisional Council for its management : Be it resolved, that the thanks of the Churchmen generally throughout the Province are justly due to [the Bishop] for these exertions, and that this Board do, thererore, for themselves, Hiost respectfully tender the same to his Lordship. And be it further, Eesdved, That, before proceeding to the appointment of Mei.ibers to form part of the Pro- visional Council. . . . this Board records its sense of the large pecuniary aid which [the Bishop] has given, by taking upon himself, and defraying out of his private means, not only heavy preliminary expenses incurred in this Province, but also, and, in addition thereto, those expenses necessarily attendant on *n expensive and lengthened visit to Great Britain, the payment of which by his Lordship should be considered as a donation to the Institution, in addition to his other liberal subscriptions made thereto. . . . 6. Summary Sketch of Doctor Strachan as the Founder of Two Universities in Toronto The Reverend Doctor Henry Scadding, formerly Firct Classical Master of Upper Canada College, in his " First Bishop of Toronto, a Review and a Study," thus sketches the career of Doctor Strachan, as the original founder of King's College in 1 827-1842, and his later efforts to establish, a purely Church of England University in Toronto, under the name of Trinity College, in 1850. He says : — In 1850. the great .Educational Institution, called into visible being, through the instru- mentality of Doctor Strachan, underwent the final change -^hich the public policy ot the modern empire of Great Britain rendered inevitable. King's College was converted into the University of Toronto, and became an Institution accommodated, in the only practicable way, to the educational wants of a community like that of Western Canada. The last semblance of connection botween the provincial University and the Anglican Church, as such, having been thus removed, Bishop Strachan conceived the bold idea of estab- lishing a new University, in relation to which there should be no question in the future as to the supremacy of the Anglican Church within its walls, " An old man broken with the storms of state " was not to be said of him. He had now indeed passed considerably beyond the normal three score years and ten ; but his strei gth of will and vigour of mind and body were unabated. The blade was metal to the back. After a stirring appeal to the laity of his own Diocese, responded to by gifts and promises of money, or Lands, to the amount of Thirty Thousand pounds ($120,000), he embarked for England, and laid his case before the two great Religious Societies there, — before the Universi- ties of Oxford and Cambridge, be'ore many of the Bishops and Clergy and those members of the laity that are wont to interest themselves in matters connected with "Church-Education." He at the same time made an application, through the Colonial Secretary, Lord Grey, for a Royal Charter for the proposed Institution. He left Toronto in April, 1850. He is home again in the following November. The im- mediate " yield " of the excursion to England was about Sixteen Thousand pounds sterling, ($80,000) ; and " had I been able" the Bishop himself decUred, in a speech, shortly after his return, — '• had I been able to remain six or eight months longer in England, to preach and hold Meetings in tho large Towns, I verily believe that I should have realized more than double the amount received. On the 17th of March, 1851, the excavations for the foundation of the new Institution began. On the 30th of April, its corner stone was laid. On the l.'Jth of January, 1852, the Building was suflSciently completed to be occupied. On that day, the Institution was opened. It bore the name of Trinity College. A Provost and two Professors, (the Reverend Messieurs George Whitaker, E. St. John Parry and G. C. Irving.) Members ol the English Universities, had ar- rived to mould and inaugurate a system of instruction. In 1853, a Royal Charter was issued, incorporating the College, and declaring that it " shall be deemed and taken to be a University ; and shall have and enjoy all such and the like privileges as are enjoyed by Our Universities of Our United Kingdom of Gieat Biiiaiu & Ireland, as far as the same are capable of being had, or enjoyed, by virtue of these Our Letters Patent." The Anglican communion in Western Canada was thus, through the persistent energy of its resolute Bishop, Doctor Strachan, put in possession of an Institution for the training of its Clergy and for the higher education of its members . . . The Institution was endowed by the w Ir 4 11.8 DOOUMENTARV HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 i'oint offerings of individuHls and corporations in the Mother Country and in Canada. Contri- mtiuns to the same object HowinK in from the sister Church in the United States, at the instance of (the Reverend William .McMurray) a Canadian presbyter, thither despatched, whoso advocacy of the new College in that Country, as subsequently in England also, elicited considerable sums of money for the augmentation of its funds . . . Thus, the retulta of the life of the first Anglican Bishop of Toronto are tangible realities . . . "Twins of Learning" witness for him ; he founded two Universities in succession— 1842, and 1852— both invested with the character borne by such. Inntituions as originally instituted, by Royal Charter — procured in both instances by his own personal efforts . . . CHAPTER VII. REORGANIZATION OF KING'S COLLEGE AS THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, 1850. The Provincial Statute of 1849, converting King's College into the Uni- versity of Toronto, took effect on the first of January, 1850. Some time elapsed before the necessary changes in the management of the Institution were effected, anc' the official appointments, authorized by that Statute, were made. These appointments, both in regard to the new University and the Upper Canada College, included (1), The Senate; (2), The Caput, or Council; of the University ; (3), The University Visitation Commission ; (4), The Endowment Board of the University and Upper Canada College ; (5), The Upper Canada College Council. I. Thb First Senate of the University of Toronto, 1860. (Section XVII.) The Honourable Peter Boyle de Blacquiere ; The Honourable Christopher Widmer, M.D. ; The Honourable John Hillyard Cameron, QC, M.P.P.; The Honourable Henry Sherwood, Q.C., M.P.P.; The Reverend John McCaul, LL.D.; Skeffington Connor, Esquire, LL.D. ; The Reverend James Beaven, D.D ; The Reverend Robert Murray, M.A. ; Henry Holmes Crof r. Esquire ; Larratt W. Smith, Esquire, B.C.L. ; William C. Gwynne, h squire, M.B. ; John King, Esquire, M.D. ; NVilliam R. Beaumont, Esqui.e, F.H,.C.S.; Oeorge Herrick, Esquire, M.D. ; William B. Nicol, Esquire, M.D. ; Lucius O'Brien, Esquire, M.D. ; John James Hayes, Esquire, M.D. ; Joseph Curraii Morrison, Enquire, M.P.P. David Buchan, Esquire ; John Roaf, Junior, Esquire, M.A. John Cameron, Esquire ; Oliver Springer, Esquire, B.A. ; William Proud foot. Esquire ; James Hallinan, Esquire ; John McMurrich, Esquire. II. The Caput, or Councii,, of the University, 1850. (Section XIV.) The Reverend John McCaul, LL.D.; The Reverend James Beaven, D.D. ; Skeffingtun Connor, Esquire, LL.D.; William B. Nicol, Esquire, M D. ; George Crookshank, Esquire, M.A. III. The University Visitation Commission, 1850. (Section XLVII.) The University Act of 1849, empowered the Government to appoint Commissioners to report 'a code of proper Statutes, Rules and Ordinances for the Government of the University." The following gentlemen were appointed Commissioners for this purpose : — The Honourable William Hume Blake, Chauoellor of Upper Canada. The Honourable John Hillyard Cameron, Q.C, M.P.P, ; John Wilson, Esquire, M.P.P, ; Jambs H. Richardson, Esquire, M.D. ; David BtCHAN, Esquire. Chap. VI r. kino's college reoroanized as university of Toronto, J SaO. 11& The following wore the powers conferred, by the Statute of 184H upon this .imitMion : Fird.—\t WM to form the first Code of Statuteii, Rules iind Ordinances for the roguUtion of the University. Second.— It was to regulate the Duties and Salaries of Professors and others employed in the University. Third.— It was emimwered, at the discretion of its Members, to provide a Rule for the pny- ment of the losses which Professors may alle«e that they (in the language of the Statute), " have suatained, or m*y sustain, from expectations not having been re»lized." Or in othwr words, it was to " Provide Pension^," or a bonus, for *' the reasonable satisfaction of such Pro- fessors as may have been disappointed in their expectations, and the assurances held out to them." IV. The Endowment Board of the University and of Upper Canada CotLEOB, 1850. The following gentlemen constituted this Board : — The Honourable Francis Hincks, M P.P., Chairman. John .James Hayes, Esquire, M.D., Representing the University. Oeohoj; Percival Ridout, Ejquire, Representing the University. The Honourable John HitLYARD Cameron, M.P.P., Representing Upper Canada College. Joseph Curran Morrison, Es(|uire, M.P.P , Representing Upper Canada College. Henry Boys, Ewjuire, M.D., Bursar. Skbffinoton Con.nor, Esquire, LL.D., Solicitor. v. The Upper Canada Colieoe, or Royal Grammar School, Council, 1850. Frederick William Barron. Esquire, M..A.., Principal, and President of the Council, The Honourable John Hillyard Cameron, Q.C., M.P.P. ; Joseph Curran Morrison, Etquire, M.P.P. ; • Thom \s Ewart, Esquire ; James Henry Richardson. Esquire, M.D. VI. Election of Chancellor and oiheb Officers of the University of Toronto. The Twentieth Section of the Univer8ity Act of 1849 declared that certain Graduates and Officers of the University of Toronto should form its Convocation ; and that Body should at stated times, fixed by the Statute, elect a Chancellor, Vice Chancellor and Pro- Vice Chancellor. Previous to the Election of those Officers the following preliminary Correspondence took place : 1. letter from MR. GEORGE CROOKSHANK TO THE HONOURABLE CHIEF JUSTICE MACAULAY. There will be on the 23r(l instant, aa you are aware, a Meeting of the Convocation of the Univer- sity of Toronto, for the purpose of selecting a Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Pro- Vice-Chancellor, and a Member of the Caput. I have heard several mention your name as being about to be brought for- \yar(l for the office of Chancellor, and as I have reason to suppose you would accept the office, I take liberty of writing to ask, what would be your determination, as in case of your refusal, it would save us much delay and some trouble at a future election, if I could speak positively on the subject. I have, therefore, to request permission to make use of your answer on occasion of your name being brought forward. Toronto, 21st March, 1850. George Crookshank, Jimior. i^. chief justice MACAULAY S reply to the foregoing LETTER. You have my permission to state, that I should decline becoming a candidate for, or accepting, the Office of Chancellor of the University I hope no mention will be made of my name on this occasion. Toronto, 2l8t of March, 1830. J. B. Macaui^y. 3. ELECTION OF CHIEF JUSTICE MACAULAY AS CHANCELLOR OK THE UNIVERSITY. I have the honour to inform you, that an open meeting of Convocation of the University of Tor- onto, held at Upper Canada College, on Saturday, the 23rd day of March, instant, you were elected by that meeting to fill the office of Chancellor of the University. Toronto 25th March, 1850. Larratt W. Smith, Pro- Vice Chancellor. !. fi <\ 4 4 i 'i'ji ■| ' |i| 120 DOCl MENTARY HISTOKY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 4. EXPI-ANATORY LETTER TO THE PRO-VICE-CHANIEM.OR FROM ( HIEF .HmTK'E MACAUI.AY. I have the hoiio.-r to ackru)wle' acc«M to tlw.n. and it ix my express de.ire that the whole Mhould iw forthwith placed in thf.t (>(Hi;e, if not there already. 1 will thank you to direct e furniBhe.l I)o<;tor Hkemngton Connor, who did me m Con vocation, anil to whom I winh my explanations to Ihj communicated. the honour to propose nie to th Toronto, 4th May, 18S() J. B. Maoaulay. 10. RKPLY TO THE KOLLOWINO LETTER BY THE HBO-VIUEOHANOELLOR I reply to your note of thia day's date, I beg to ac(juaint you that I have retained vour Communicatioim in my possession, not from any wish to prevent their having that puhlicitv w'hich you seem to desire, hut solely because I could not satisfy nivself with whom they shouhl In, d/iwsite.l, and because I conHidure^l that it rested properly with myself to lay them before that Body on whose t)ehalf I opened the Correspondence witn you. . . I take leave to remind you that the majority of the Convocation is composed of Doctors, Masters and (.raduates in Uw and Medicine, who are not Professors, ami hence it suggested itself to me. that their views and feelings re(^uired to be consulted as well as that of the Professors. Th.Me circuriiHtances induced m to consider the more formal mode of laying the Correspondence l)efore the Members assembled m Convocation as the least objectionable, especially as any partial method of communicating It, might involve me i.i the same misunderstanding which appears to have arisen in Mr. Lrookshank s case. As a meeting of Convocation has been called for Monday next, when I can Correspondence, you will perhaps prefer that mode of communication with the to be most regular. . . I cannot conceive, for reasons l)efore given, that it would be proinsr for me prepared for any individual, as I must contend that all the Members, whether entitled to consideration in such matters. I beg further to acquaint you that declined showing your Letters to any Members of Convocation who have asked Toronto, 4th April, 1860. Larratt W. Smith, F, formally present the Body, which appears to direct copies to be Professors, or not. are I have in no instance to read, or copy, them. •o-Viv;e-Chancellor. n. A CONVOCATION CASE SUBMITTED TO THE LAW OFFICERS OF THE CROWN I have the honour, under direction of the House of Convocation of this University, to renuest. therer^n"^ following case before the Law Officers of the Crown, and procure their opinion Extract from the Resolution passed. " A statutable meeting of Convocation has been held thi . day, which has been adjourned to Thursday next, for tiie transaction of ordinary business. Thi opinion of the Law Officers of the Crown is re(|uested. as to the point, whether Convocation can make a swbsemient adjourned meeting an open meeting, and then and there proceed, after due notice given, to the election of a Chancellor ; and, if not then, in what matter can a meeting be obtained for the election of a Chancellor?" Toronto. 8th April. 1830. Larratt W. Smith, Pro-Vice-Chancellor. 12. OPINION OF THE LAW OFFICER OF THE CROWN ON THE CASE SUBMITTED We have considered the questions proposed in your letter of the 8th instant, and are of opinion. Ist. That a Meeting of Convocation of the University of Toronto, having been assembled regularly on the first day of a term pursuant to the First Section of Second Title of the Regulations t ro"In'''foV"" ^"^'"'"ed to us, as those in force at the time of the coming into operation of the Act ot 1840, 12 V ictor.a. Chapter 82, other Meetings of such Convocation may be held by adjournment, or otherwise, as prescribed by the Second Section of the Fifth Title of the Regulations! f .u^"'f '^}^r}' *,"y °* ^"^'' adjourned Meetings may be made open meetings within the Fifth Section of the Act of Parliament of 1849. 3rd. That any of such adjourned Meetings, ( any necessary prelimary, as of notice having been given ). the Convocation may proceed to elect a Chancellor, according to the provisions of the Act of Parliament. Toronto, 9th April, 1850. Robert Baldwin, J. S. Macdonald. 13. THE PRO-VICE CHANCELLOR TO THE HONOURABLE P. B. DE BLAQUIERE. I have the honour to inform you that at an open Meeting of Convocation of the University of ioronto, held on the Ist instant you were elected by a vote of 19 to 1 at that Meeting to fill the ollice of Chancellor of the University. Toronto, 2nd of May, 1850. Larratt VV. Smith, Pro. Vice-Chancellor. I II m 1 %\i I 122 DOCLTMKXTAKV HISTORY OF EDUCATION IS UPPER CANADA. 1850 U. KKl'LY TO THE FOREGOING LETTER BY THE HONOURABLE 1'. B. I)K BLAtilUERE. On my arrival in Toronto, where I have fixed ni^ residence for the express purpoHe of affording to my son the inestimable advantage of academical education, I receive tlie honour of your Letter of the 2nd instant, addressed to Kingston, and conmuniicating the uidooked foi intelligence that the Convo- c ■ion of the University of Toronto haerintendeiK-e and management, of the whole property and effects, real and personal, of the University of Toronto, and of the Upper Canada College." t Appointed by the Council of Kintf's College in July, 1848. See pages 236, 237 of Seventh Volume of this Documentary Historj-. 1850 Chap Vlir. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF THE TORONTO UNIVERSITY, 1850. 123 n,JZ\V.',y^^A'^'^^t^-''''''''^^'llJ^^^ the Report of the Committee appointed to prepare Odneral Rules and Regulations. Whereupon it was moved by Professor James Beaven seconrlLl by Doctor Christopher W.dmer, that the Report now read be receird, Xch beTnl kS^^^^^ the Heport was then submitted from the Chair clause by clause ; four orXhTe*re adopted' ness wrtransS."^''* '"""'''"" ^'"'^"' "°* ^^'"^ '"*"'*"* *^ constitute a quorum, nobusi- June 11th, J&IO.— The Senate resumed the consideration of the romaininir clauses of the General Rules and Regulations and passed them as a whole. romaining clauses ot the ,h n ^l^'iTi!^^^*. ^"l^ "°/''°? °' ^'\ '"tsntion of introducing at the next Meeting of the Senate the Draft of the Statute relative to the Meetings of the Caput » senate, busintrwa'stanllc^rd"^'' ""'"'"^ ^"""^ ""' being sufficient to constitute a quorum, no Jimemh,lS50^The Chancellor, the Vice-chancellor, and the Pro-Vice-Chancellor not being present, the President drew the attention of the Members presVnt tHhe Srenteenth Section of the University Act, of 1819. The fact that the Pro-Vice-ChanceUor had never been notihed to attend, since the first Meeting of the Senate, was also brought under their noUce and ATr ^*:'"« '*""'"/'' *^ *^" ''^^K""^ '^^ ^''««''^«"* ^ t»J^« the Chair, and thelegaHtro^^ the Meeting, it was agreed not to proceed to business, "^ga'^y oi anfhilffani^^'^ "~7J® Senate approved of the Minutes made at the Meeting called for the recei,^od1ro,n th^^ rhlnLl W ^'f .^'""^« I'Tl^? »'t«'-*he entry, that a CommuniStion had been received trom the Chancellor, stating his inability to attend on that occasion. Proposed by Professor Wm. C. Gwynne, seconded by Mr. John Roaf. Junior and- Resolved That the Committee on Rules be requested to draft a Statute embodying the Rules as amended, to be presented to the Senate at their next meeting. (Carried.) Moved by Professor James Beaven, seconded by Professor W. C. Gwynne. that the Com- mittee on Rules and Regulations be reciuested to draw up a Statute for carShlto effect th™r suggestion, relative to the creatingof the officeof Secretary, and defining hh duties (Calried) P.11 J*'*' Senate then took up the subject of the Commission of Inquiry into the affairs of King's of terJ '•^- ''*' T?-* ^'*'"u'' ^"'"•^ ^^' ^2th instant, addressed to him by the ChairmL rrofe r«S^?'T"V ''«\*r«° ^\^ payment of their current expenses, and Vice-ChanceTor and Le flm Dnn^^^^^^^^ of the Committee of Visitation, dated the 29th ultimo, and one from Doctor Joseph Workman, a Member of the Commission of Inquiry into the affairs l?e"bVth:&mirn.*'^ '''' "^"™''' '"^'^ ^'''^'^' '^ '^'™' ^^ ^^^^^^ ' » '^^ P-«Z nil ,.^!lf «»Pon/t was moved by Mr. John Roaf, Junior, seconded by Mr. David Buchan that ouest t?sSr.ft" nrb«'''%''J^!-''"'""r'°2."^ ^'■-•^^''-y ^« ^^f^"^'* ^^ ^ committee, wTthare. quest to subi lit to the next Meeting such a Statute as they may think will make the best pro- able 3 'hETp'^'' Commiss^n of Inquiry, and t^at such Committee consist of the HonSJr- able J. Hiilyard Cameron and Messieurs Joseph C. Morrison and John McMurrich. (Carried.) Moved by Professor Wm. R. Beaumont, seconded by the Honourable Doctor Christopher -„m.T/^?i^ ""*•'■ •'' ^''^c ^^"'.^ *^? "^^'^ ^««""g °f ^^^ Senate on account of the several fh^!.ffv. •?■ ^«™'?'«"on o^ Inqjli';*^ into the affairs of the King's College, with the dates, ttie authorities and orders, under which those payments have been made. (Carried.) rnnn^n^^^f'f^^n"-* ^'^^ President, submitted a Draft of a Statute relative to the Caput, or Council, of the University. Ordered to lie on the Table. Phu-'^^? Honourable Doctor Christopher Widmer submitted a Draft of a Statute relative to the Chair of Practical Anatomy and the Curatorship of the Museum. Ordered to lie on the Table. June 29th, 18r^(J.—Tho members present not being sufficient to constitute a quorum no business was transacted. ""iufo a quorum, July ^rd, 1850.— The adoption of the Statute embodying the General Rules and Regula- tions for the proceedings of the Senate, and the Statute, being lead clause by clause two amendments were made to them. ^ i-muse, iwo The adoption of the Statute relative to the Caput was then proposed and its several clauses rrJr^i^" rrl' f ,?P* °' u*"'^ ^T^^' ^•^' ^•'^"^ ^^^ amended, and all that part of the clause Hon, . > '"^'''^ ^f'''"' V^^ "^"'^^ ," ^^"^ ^^« ^"P"*^ «^»^" P'-o^e^d to exercise such func! tiona as It possesses under authority of the Act." (Carned.) fK.f f?!* «???"]''*" Honourable J. Hiilyard Cameron, seconded by Mr. David Buchan, moved. h^JSlSfi?^ r'^^*'''.^"* *u**^ '' be referred to the next Meeting of the Senate, and that then It be further enacted that at the first regular Meeting of the Caput unde^ thS statute, the Members of the said Caput shall at once proceed to an election of the Member of ' thllll^'^''''"'^ "'*" '^.^i'?"'!''','. °' "^'^ Memhers of the Scimte, in which, h^• the Baldwin University Act of the ordinary general Dmcipline and Uoxern.nent of the University, in suhordination to the Senate." f i ■■( J 1 1 4 II II h i-i: ill 1849, was vested I: 124 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 • d' the Endowment Board of the University of Toronto and Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar School, to be appointed by the said Caput, and that such election shall be made by a majority of the Members of the said Caput. (Carried.) July 6th 1850.— The Statute relative to the General Rules and Regulations for the proceed- ings of the Senate, was passed and adopted. The Statute relative to the Caput was also passed and adopted. The consideration of the Draft of a Statute relative to the Commission of Inquiry into th6 financial affairs of the University was entered npon, and a Report from the Commission, dated the 3rd instant, addressed to the Bursar, being read, the clauses of the Statute were severally put and pabued. The Statute was then ordered to lie on the Table for adoption at the next Meeting. The statement of the sums paid to the Commission of Inquiry from the funds of the University, CHlled for at the Meeting held on the 25th ultimo, was laid on the Table. The Draft of a Statute relative to the Chair of Practical Anatomy and the Curatorship of the Museum, was then considered and was passed and adopted. The Draft of the Statute relative to the office of Proctor, was then considered, and the clauses were severally put and passed and adopted. July ISth, 1850. — The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a quorum. July 17th, 1850. — The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a quorum. July 20th, 1850, — The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a quorum. July 24th, 1850.— The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a quorum. July 27th, 1850. — The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a quorum. August Srd, 1550.— Read a Letter dated the 2nd instant, from Mr. Robert E. Burns Chair- man of the Commission of Inquiry into the affairs of King's College, representing the inconve- nience experienced by the Commission, from the circumstance of the Senate not having made provision for the current expenses of the Commissionei s' Office. Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, seconded by Mr. John Cameron, moved. That the General Rules of the Senate be printed for the use of the Members. (Carried.) The Chairman of the Caput reported that Mr. G. P. Ridout had been appointed to repre- sent that Body on the Endowment Board. Professor William C. Beaumont's notice of a motion to place on the Minutes the return of sums issued to the Commission of Inquiry and the authority under which they were issued, was taken into consideration, and the same was agreed to, as follows : — Date of Payments. m> 1848 September 2nd . . . , (September 30th . . . October 10th October Slst November 1st November 1st November 24th . . . December 2nd December 22nd 1849, January 12th January 16th January Slst February 7th February 28th March 17th March 17th March 2l8t March Slst March Slst April 5th . . April 30th May 21st May 30th June 19th June 30th Amounts Paid, 5 18 25 2 20 25 30 82 44 10 47 11 5 5 66 1 6 s. d. 7 3 10 4 6 8 9 17 6 14 3 16 4 16 3 Date of payments. 50 5 51 7 6 5 58 17 6 1849, July 3l8t August 8th August 2l8t September 15th . . . September 29th. . . . September 29th . . . October 10th Octol)er23rd October 31st November 11th. , . . November 22nd . . . November 30th . . . December 31st 1850. January 15th January 21st February 1st February 8th March Ist March r2th March 23rd . March 30th April 9th April 30th Mav 27th . , Amounts Paid. 65 6 71 5 71 5 89 5 60 100 13 53 62 5 2 65 65 8. d. 5 13 9 5 9 3 1 6 17 6 7 75 3 9 77 11 3 85 6 £1,538 10 4 1850 Chap VIII. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF THE TORONTO UNIVERSITY, 1850. 125 ts Paid. s. d. 5 5 1 5 1 5 9 5 5 3 3 i 13 9 J 5 2 9 3 5 2 1 6 ) 17 6 5 5 3 7 G 5 3 9 ^ 3 11 3 > ) fi \ 10 4 The payments on the 30th June. 1849, were made on the authority of President McCaul the remainder were made on the authority of a Memorandum from the Commissioners, dated the iJlst July, 1849, a copy of which was given with this statement, as follows :— Memorandum— In view of the trouble hitherto imposed upon the President of the Uni- versity for occasional calls upon him for Letters of Credit on the part of this Commission, and considering that the spirit of the University Statute, under which the Commission sits, justifaes a belief that such Letters are unnecessary, the Secretary will in future draw for the monthly contingent, without reference to them, subject to approval of the Commission, or the visitms; Commissioner. Toronto, July Slst, 1850. Joseph Workmax, Pro-Chairman, King's College Inquiry. Moved by Professor John King, seconded by Professor George derrick. That the President, Professor Skeffington Connor, Mr. J C Morrison, and Doctor J. J. Hayes, be a Committee from the Senate to procure such information in regard to the Commission of Inquiry, as may be necessary, with a view to ascertain the state to which their labours have already advanced, and for the purpose of affording such other information to the Senate as they may require, with respect to the said Commission of Inquiry. {Carried.) Moved by Mr. J. C Morrison, seconded by the President, that the Bursar be authorized to advance upon the orders of the Commissioners of Inquiry, sanctioned by the Chancellor the amounts due f..r the expenses on Clerks, Stationery, etcetera, to the present time, and that the Kesolution of the Senate, prohibiting further advances, dated 25th May last, be rescinded. (Garned.) Auf/ust 10th, 1850.— This was the first Meeting held under the amended University Act of 186U, constituting nine Members a quorum of the Senate. Professor John King, seconded by Professor Skeflington Connor, moved, that the said proposed Statute on summoning and holding Convocation be referred to a Select Committee to consist of the President, Professors James Beaven. Skeffington Connor and W. B. Nichol the Honourable Henry Sherwood, and the mover, with power to report thereon. {Carried.) ' Pursuant to notice given at the last Meeting, the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, intro- ?u°^T*i- 1*^"*^ relative to the erection of a Building on the University Grounds, for the use of the Medical Faculty, and placed on the Table rough plans and an estimate of the expense of the said Buildings. ^ Moved by Professor L O'Brien, seconded by Professor W. B Beaumont, that the Statute just read be referred to a pelect Committee, and that the said Committee be authorized to obtain such plans and estimates as may be necessary ; and that the said Committee c msist of the members of the Senate belonging to the Faculty of Medicine, with Doctor Hayes. Doctor Widmer, and the President. (Carried.) Mr. John Roaf junior, moved, seconded by Mr. James Hallinian.for a return of the salaries and allowances to Professors and Officers, since the year 1842 to the present time, and the authority by which those allowances ate made, and an account of the fees paid by students and how disposed of. (Carried.) Aiignst 1.3th, 1850 —Read a letter from the Provincial Secretary, dated the 10th instant communicating that His Excellency, the Governor- General, has been pleased to appoint tha Honourable Francis Hincks, M.P.P. as a Member of the Endowment Board of the University of Toronto, and Chairman of that Board under the provisions of the Twenty First Section of the University Act of 1849, 12 Victoria, Chapter 82. The Statute introduced by Professor John King for extending the time for receiving testimonials of candidates for the Chairs of Practical Anatomy, etcetera, was fully considered anc passed and adopted. Arignst 17th, 1850.— Re&d a Memorial from Mr. Thomas Young, dated the 5th instant, praying to be appointed to the office of Architect to the University. ^he Draft of Statute relative to the Endowment Board was taken into consideration, when *K V®j moved, seconded by Professor W. B. Nicol, that the Draft of Statute relative to the J^ndowment Board, be referred to a Committee consisting of the Vice-Chancellor, the President, the Deans of Faculties and Professor W. C. Gwynne, with power to send for persons and papers. {Carried.) ^ The President submitted a design for a Corporate Seal, whereupon it was mnvftd h" the Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron, seconded by Professor L. O'Brien, that the Chanceilor, Vicc- Uiaacellor, and President, be authorized to decide on a Seal for the Corporation, and to give the necessary directions for its execution. (Carried.) The Draft of Statute relative to the Secretaryship to the Senate was taken into consider- ation, when the Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron moved, seconded by Professor George Her- III '4 ''f I ] I qtif: 126 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 i rick, that the Secretary shall be paid the sum of One pound per diem for each day's attendance at the actual meetings of the Senate. {Camed.) The whole Statute was then amended and passed. The Dean of the Faculty of Medicine introduced a Draft of Statute relative to the mode of granting Degrees in Medicine in this Univtrsity, and the Statute being read, it was moved thnt it be referred for report to a Committee to consist of the Faculty of Medicine, and Doctors Widmer and Hayes. {Carried.) Attgmt ^Ist, 1850.— The Vice- Chancellor, as Chairman of the Committee on the Draft of Statute relative to the Endowment Boar.*, submitted the report of that Committee, suggesting certain amendments thereto, which Report was read and considered. It was then moved, that fifty copies of the said Statute, as reported from the Select Committee, and the accompanTing sug- gestions, be printed for the use of Members. {Carried.) r j e, s, Augnsf 27th, 1850.~The Chancellor laid beforo the Senate an order of the Endowment Board, signed by the Honourable J. Hillysrd Cameron, as Chairman, issued to the Burear, directing that Officer to place to the credit of Upper Canada College ceitain sums of money now standing in the Bank to the credit of King's College. After considerable discussion, the Presi- dent moved, seconded by Professor W. B. Nicol, that the order of the Endowment Board, and the papers connected therewith, be referred to a Committee consisting of the President, Pro- fessor W. C. Gwynne, and Doctor J. J. Hayes, with power to draw up a case detailing pa'iticu- lars and to take legal opinions relative thereto. (Carried.) Professor W. B. Nicol, as Chairman of the Committee for obtaining plans and estimates of a Building for the Medical School, presented the Report of that Committee, and having read the same, moved, seconded by Professor W. R. Beaumont, that it be received. (Carried.) The President moved, seconded by Professor George Herrick, that the Report of the Com- mittee on the Medical Building be referred to a Committee consisting of the Vice-Chancellor the President, the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine. Doctor J. J. Hayes and Professor George Herrick, with tlu object of their recommending the Site of the Building, and also of enquiring whether the accc, /imodation provided in the selected plan, can be conveniently furnished in a Building so constructed as to form the Western Wing of the University Buildings. (Carried.) Professor VV. B. Nicol, as Chairman of the Committee on the Draft of an amended Statute, relative to the Degrees in Medicine, presented the Report of that Committee, and having read the same, moved, seconded by the Honourable Doctor Widmer, that it be received. {Carried.) Moved by the President, seconded by Professor W. B. Nicol, that the sum of money amounting to Msne Thousand Eight Hundred pounds, (£9,800 ) which it appears from the Ler! ter of the Cashi-r of the Bank of Upper Canada, laid before the Senate is to be paid on the 3 1st instant, be receivod by the Bank, and placed to the credit of the Investment Fund of the University of Toronto, and that the interest thereon be received by the same and placed to the credit of the Income Fund. (Carried.) August Sia 1850.— Read a letter from Mr. Principal F. W. Barron, of Upper Canada Col- lege, dated the 28th instant, stating that the Boarding House Building will be required forth- with for the use of Upper Canada College, and that the Council of that Institution will expect rant for the same from the 1st of January last. Moved by Professor John King, seconded by Mr. J. Hallinan, that the Letter of the Prin- cipal of Upper Canada College, with regard to the present occupation of patt of the Boarding House of sa-.d College by the Medical School, be referred to a Special Committee to consist of the Vice-Chancellor, the President and Professor W. B. Gwynne. (Carried.) The Vice-Chancellor, as Chairman of the Medical Building Committee, read the Report of that Committee, and moved, seconded by Professor L. O'Brien, that the Report on the Building for the Medical Faculty, which has just been read, be received. (Carried.) The Chancellor drew the attention of the Senate to an order made by the Board of Endow- ment, at variance with that issued by the Senate at their last Meeting. After much discussion the Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron moved, seconded by Mr. J. C, Morrison, that the Resolu- tion of the Senate passed at the last Meeting, on the subject of the monies to be received from the Government for Debentures, be rescinded ; and that the Letter of the Cashier of the Bank of Upper Canada, in reference thereto, be referred to the Endowment Board. (Carried.) The whole Statute relating to a Building for the Medical Department, as amended, ..as then passed and adopted. Pfoftssor John King moved, seconded by Professor George Herrick, that it be Besoked, that a Committee be appointed to consist of the Honourable Doctor Widmer, the Honourable Henry Sherwood, the Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron, the President and Professor W. C. Gwynne, to enquire the number and value of certain lots of Land, once the property of this University, obtained by, or in the possession of, certain persons lately in the employment of 1850 Ghap. VIII, PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF THE TORONTO UNIVERSITY, 1850. 127 this University, the circumstances under which such property was obtained ; whether said pro- perty has been obtained contrary to any rules of the s^id Council ; and that such Committee be authorized to send f« r papers, or for any of the Officers of the University, with a view to report the necessary information to this Senate. {Cni-rkd.) September 7th, 1850. — The President of the University, as President of the Caput, sub- mitted a Report from that Body, relative to the Candidates'for the Chair of Practical Anatomy. The Vice-Chairman submitted the following Keport from the Committee on the Communi- cation from the Council of Upper Canada College, dated the 28th ultimo : The Committee to whom the communication from the Council of Upper Canada College, of the 28th ultimo, was referred, beg to report that they cannot discover any legal olairii for the payment of rent for the use of the Upper Canada College Boarding Housa since January Ist, 1850, as no arrange- ment for leasing the building has ever been made, and the authorities of the College seem to have regarded the occupation of the Building as a matter rather of favour than of right. They would not, however, recommend that the Senate should decline entertaining the claim, as they are persuaded that tlie College Council would not have advanced it unless circumstances had rendered it important or necessary, to make the demand. ' e articles purchased possible delay. Henry H. Croft, Vice-Chaneellor. They recommend that the property belonging to the University, inehuling th the University from the Reverend Walter Stennett be removed with the least Toronto, 7th September, 1850. The Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron, introduced and read a Draft of the Statute relative to the payment of the Clerks and Servants of the Commission of Inquiry into the afiairs of King's College. The Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron also introduced and read the Draft of a Statute relative to the investment of the Funds of the University. ikptember l^Hi, 1850. Vice-Chancellor Croft submitted the following supplementary Report from the Committee on the Letter of Mr. Principal Barron : — In compliance with Minute Number Nine of the last Meeting of the Senate, the Committee iinnex to their Report a Statement of the facts, as tar as they have been able to ascertain them :— On October the 29th, 1849, the President of King's College laid before the Council a Communi- ■cation from the Honourable Malcolm Cameron, Commissioner of Public Works, relative to the surrender to the Government by the University of the Parliament Buildings. A necessity thus arose for providing other accomodation for the diflferent departments of the University. The Principal uf Upper Canada College offered the College Boarding House for the use of the Faculty of Mtdicine, and subsequently provided apartments in the same Building for the Commissioners •of Inquiry into the affairs of King's College. The ontries on the Minutes relating to these particulars are as follows : — On the 3rd of November, 1849, it was Moved by Professor W. C. Gwynne, Seconded by Professor W. R. Beaumont that the thanks of this Council be given to the Principal of Upper Canada College for the handsome manner in which he has placed the Boarding House at the disposal of the Council for the use of the University in the present emergency. On November the 28th, it was ordered that the Bursar be directed to inform the Chairman of the Commission of Inquiry that temporary accommodation will be provided for them in the Upper Canada College Boarding House. . . (Note. The Report goes into further detail, which it is not necessary to repeat here) The action of the College Council on these occasions seems to prove that they did not consider the University as tenants in that Building and the control assumed by the Principal . . . appears to justify the opinion, that he also regarded the occupation as one not of right, but of favour. The Vice-Chancellor moved, seconded by the President, that the Supplementary Report, now read, be received. ( Carried ) The President submitted a Report upon the Committee on the Draft of the Statute relative to Degrees in Medicine,— and moved, seconded by the Vice-Chancellor, that the report now read be received. ( Carried ) The Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron moved, seconded by Mr. Joseph C. Morrison that the Statute relative to the payment of the Clerks of the Commission of Inquiry be now considered and adopted. ( Carried ) September 21at 1S50— The President presented a further Report from the Committee on the S':atute relative to the Endowment Board, accompanied with legal opinions of Messieurs Gw.vnne, Hagarty, Mowat and Doctor Connor, which being read the President Moved, Seconded by Doctor L. O'Brien, that the Report of the Committee be received. ( Carried.) Professor W. C. Gwynne, Chairman submitted the following first Report from the Committee on Lands, supposed to have bten improperly obtained from the Endowment :— The Committee to whom was referred the investigation on certain Lands supposed to have been improperly obtained from the Endowment of the Ui.iversity, beg leave to .nake a tirst Report :— As soon as the Committee was organized they requested the Bursar to lay before them certain information and Documents, relating to the matters referred to them, which he did. Among the ,.;*/ vr 128 DOCUMKNTARY HISTORY OF tDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 ■> * !• DocumentR so laid before your Committee is a Report, ( co which an appendix is attached,) of a select Committee appointed by the Council of the King's College in 1848, to which was referred many of the cases which necessarily came under the consideration of your Committ«e the evidence taken before the Committee in 1848 seems to have been collected with much care, and the Report made by that Committee contains a great deal of information which will assist your Committee in their investigation, to facilitate, therefore, their en(|uiries, they beg leave to recommend to the Senate that the said Report and Appendix be printed for their use, as well as for the use of other Members of the Senate.* Professor W. C. Gwyniie, moved, aeconded by the President that the Report just read be received {Carried. ) The following Statute relntive to the Board of Endowmett, as printed and circulated, was taken into consideration as follows : — Statute : For the General Charoe, Superintendence and Manaoement, op the Property AND Effects, Real and Personal, of the University of Toronto, by the Endowment Board OF the Said University and Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar School: Be it enacted by the Senate of the said University, as follows : — 1. The Bursar and Clerks of the said University shall be under the coi.trol of the Endow- ment Board, who shall from time to time make such Rules and Regulations respecting the Office of the said Bursar, and the General Management thereof, and the duties of the said Clerks, as such Board may deem necessary : Provided always, that such Board shall not employ any greater number of Cleiks, for the business of the said University, than the number now employed, for any period exceeding one month, without a special reference of the circumstances attending such employment to the Senate, and the sanction of the Senate therefor. 2. The Board of Endowment may appoint a Secretary, at a salary not exceeding per annum. 3. The Board of Endowment shall prepare a Monthly Statement of all transactions con- nected with the said University, which it shall be the duty of the said Board to lay before the Senate, at the first General Meeting in each Month ; which Statement shall shew all monies received for principal and interest, rents, etcetera, distinguishing the amount of each, all Sales, Leases and Investments, made during the preceding month, and also all disbursements. 4. The Board of Endowment shall decide upon all applications for lease, purchase, sale, or investment, and shall make such terms and arrangements thereon as they shall think lit : Provided always, that no monies arising from sales shall be invested without the authority of the Senate first had and obtained therefor. 5. The University Members of the said Board of Endowment shall each be paid the sum of per diem, from the funds of the University, for each day's actual attendance at the Meet- ings of the Board ; which attendance shall be certified under the hand of such Member, and of the Chairman, or Secretary, of the said Board, once in every month, to the Bursar of the Uni- versity, and upon such Certificate the Bursar is hereby authorized to pay to such Member the said sum of per diem., as aforesaid. 6. The Board of Endowment shall meet regularly, on Monday and Thursday in ench week, at such time and placo as the Board shall determine ; and at such other times as the Chairman' or the Board, by Resolution to be therefor passed, shall deem requisite. ' 7. The University Members of the Board shall give security, to the satisfaction of the Senate, for the performt.-ce of their duties as Members of such Board, in the sum of each and two Sureties in the sum of each or one Surety in the sum of The Committee appointed to consider the foregoing Draft of a Statute regarding the Endow- ment Board, beg leave to report the following Draft, in which they have embodied the amend- ments which they would recommend. They also submit certain other suggestion? relative thereto, which seem to them to be of considerable importance. Revlsed Statute .—For the General Charge, Sioperinteudence and Management of the Property and Effects, Real and Personal, of the University of Toronto, by the Endoioment Board of the said Uwrersity, ai\d Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar ikhool : — Be it enacted by the Senate of the said University as follows :— 1. That the Bursar shall act as Secretary to the Endowment Board, and, in that capacity shall, jn common with the two Clerks in his Office, (if the services of both should be required)', be uiidei- the control of the Endowment Board, who shall i e authorized to make, from time to time, such Rules and Regulations respecting the Office of the said Bursar and the General Management thereof, and the Duties of the said Clerks, as such Board may deem necessary i850 Chap.VIir. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF THE TORONTO UNIVERSITY, 1850. 129 f be of Provided ahmys Further, that such Board shall not employ any Rreater number of Clerks for the bueiaesH of the said University than that above stated, for any period exceeding one month, without a special reference of the circumstances attending such employment to the Senate, and the sanction of the Senate therefor : o r ^ Provided also, Secondly, that the Bursar, as Secretary, and the Clerk in his OflSce shall be employed exclusively in the business of the University. .h '^^1 ^^"^'^ °' Endowment shall prepare a Quarterly Statement of the transactions con- nected with the Property and Eflfects of the said University, which it shall be the duty of the said Board, within one fortnight next after each quarter day, to prepare and deposit with the Secretary of the Senate, to be laid before that Body at their next Meeting ; which Statement shall show all moneys received, distinguishing the sums paid in to the credit of the Investment and the Income Fund respectively, all sales, Teases and investments made during the preceding quarter, and also all disbursements. ^ ** 3. The Board of Endowmen' shall decide upon all applications for lease, purchase, sale, or investment ; and shall make such terms and arrangements therein as they shall think fit.subiect to such Regulations as may, from time to time, hereafter be made by University Statute relative thereto ; and all contracts entered into by them which require the Seal of the Corporation.shall be authenticated by the signature of the Chairman, and, on his requisition, shall have such seal atnxed thereto by the £ursar : Provided alimys, that no such decisions, terms, or arrangements, shall be made unless at least one of the University Members of the Board be present ; and Provided, Secondly, that no moneys shall be invested in any other than Government fcjecunties, without the authority of the Senate first had and obtained therefor. 4. The University Members of the said Board shall each be paid the sum of per rftem froni the funds of the University, for each day's actual attendance at the Meetings of the «oard, which attendance shall be certified quarterly under the hand of such Member, and of the Chairman, to the Bursar of the University ; and, upon such certificate, the Bursar is hereby authorized to pay to such Member the said sum of per diem as aforesaid, subject to the provisions of the Fortieth Section of the University Act of 1849. 5. The Board of Endowment shall meet regularly for the transaction of the business of the University, on day m each week, at the Bursar's Office, until permanent arrangements shall be made for the accommodation of the difierent departments of the University : Provi(Ud always, that Special Meetings may be called by the Chairman, or Board, if the busmess of the University shall require the same ; and Provided, Secondly, that the number of regular Meetings may be diminished accordina to circumstances, by Resolution of the Board. 6. The University Members of the Board shall give security to the satisfaction of the Senate, for the performance of their duties as Members of such Board, in the sum of each, and two sureties in the sum each, or one surety in the sum of Suggestions. 1. That all the Funds and Securities at present in the possession of the Bank cf Upper Canada, in *he name of the Council of King's College, shall be transferred to ^he account of the University of Toronto. 2. That two accounts shall be op«ned with this Institution, to be designated respectively the Investment Fund and the Income Fund. f j 3. That the Bursar shall supply the Cashier of the Bank of Upper Canada with the neces- sary information for making this division of the general account, and shall report to the Senate and to the Endowroant Board the particulars of each account, to the former tljose of the Income Fund, and to the latter those of the Investment Fund. in i'r^^^ Cheques shall be drawn on the Income Fund by the Bursar, and on the Investment Fund by the Chairman of the Endowment Board, subject to the following proviso : that all Cheques for any amount not fixed by statute, above shall require the counter-signature of the Chancellor, Vice Chancellor, or President. 5. That the University Seal shall be kept under the custody of the Bursar with the muni- ments of the University, who shall afiix the same on the requisition of the Chairman of the Endowment Board, to such Documents as shall bear the signature of the Chairman. ^ Moved by tha President, seconded by the Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron that the Statute relative to the Endowment Board and the foregoiug Report thereon be referred back to the Committee who prepared that Report. (Carried.) Moved by Professor Skeflington Connor, seconded by the Honourable Doctor Widmer, that Mr A.lan Cameron be appointed Secretary to the Senat«i. (Carried) 9 D.E. ■)'4 I Mil i 1 'J'^ 130 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATIC^ IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 i '■ 1l The foregoing Statute for the Investment of the Funds of the University was then taken into consideration for adoption, and the same being read, its adoption was carried. September 28th, /S.)(^— Professor John King moved seconded by the Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron that the Report on Degrees in Medicine, which had been read, and the Statute founded thereon, as amended, be adopted. {Carried.) October 5th, i«50.— Read a Letter from the Bursar to the Secretary to the Senate, dated 5th instant, containing an Order of the Board of Endowment that the Senate be requested to transmit, for the use of the Board,, the opinions of Counsel on the case submitted in reference to the claim ot Upper Canada College and the powers of the Endowment Board. Read the amended Report of a Committee (to which had been "oferred back its former Report,) with an amended Statute for the General Charge Superintenc nee and Management of the Property and Effects, Real and Personal of the University of Tt nto by the Endowment Board of the said University and Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar School, The Report was received. October 12th, 1850. Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, seconded by Professor W. R. Beaumont moved, that the Report of the Caput and the Testimonials of the three Candidates selected by the Senate be transmitted to the Provincial Secretary to be placed before his Excellency the Governor General. (Carried) October 19th, 1850— A Letter was read from the Honourable the Chancellor to the Honour- able James Leslie, Provincial Secretary, dated the 19th instant, asking permission to use the Hall of the Legislative Assembly for the occasional Assembling of Convocation. A Letter from the Bursar of the University to the Honourable the Chancellor was read dated 17th instant, on the subject of retiring from his office. In that Letter the Bursar said : " I was selected to fill the office of Bursar to the King's College 'n the month of July, 1839, and I have been constantly engaged in its duties ever since that period, using my best exertions for their satisfactorv performance ; and I am now desii-ous of withdrawing from the ottico, if the proper autlior- ities consider that my services and advanced period of life entitle m ', either t,' a gratuity in money, or to an annual pension on retirement. If the Senate should look with favour up u this proposal, I shall be prepared to resign my office whenever I am required, giving every Assistance in my power to my Successor until the end of the current year. " The Dean of Arts, seconded by the Vice-Chancellor moved, that the Legal Opinions requested by the Board of Endowment in its Letter of the 5th instant be transmitted to them. {Carried.) The consideration of the Report of the Statute relative to the General Charge, etcetera of the property, etcetera, of the University of Toronto and Upper Canada College was resumed, and it was amended in several particulars. October 26th, 1850 — The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a quorum. October Slat, 1850 — A Letter from the Provincial Secretary to the Secretary of the Senate elated the 24th instant was read, informing him of the appointment of James Henry Richardson M. D. to the Chair of Practical Anatomy. A Letter from the Principal of Upper Canada College to the Honourable P. B. de Blaqu- ire, Chancellor of the University was read, dated the 19th instant, containing a copy of a Minute of the Caput, or Council, relative to the free education of Sons of the Professors of the University Doctor L. O'Brien, seconded by the Honourable Henry Sherwood moved, that the amended Statute relative to the Endowment Board, as amended, be adopted. {Carried). The Senate directed that a Copy of the Endowment Statute be sent to the Board of Endow- ment. The consideration of the Statute, relative to convocations was proposed by the Reverend Doctor Beaven and, after some alteration, it was adopted. Novemoer 3nd, 1850.— The Statute relating to the summoning and holding of Convocations, as amended, was adopted. November 7th, 1850. — Read the bye-laws of the Faculty of Arts, parsed at a Meeting held on the 5th ultimo. Whereupon, on motion of the Reverend Doctor Beaven, seconded by the President, they were approved. The Chancellor, pursuant to notice, made a Communication to the Senate on the subject of a Royal Charter about to be granted for establishing a Univer- sity in Toronto exclusively for Members of the Church of England and read and laid upon the Table the Draft of an Address to His Excellency Lord Elgin, the Governor General from the May Urease your Excellency : — 1. A representation has been made to the Senate of the University of Toronto, that a Royal Charter is sought to be obtained from Her Majesty the Queen, for establishing a University in Upper Canada, exclusively for Members of the Church of England. 1850 Chap.VIir. PROCEEDINOS OF TEK SENATE OF THE TOHOXTO UNIVERSITY, 1850. 131 , 0.1, • '^,P°«"'n«"t put forth by the Bishop of Toronto whilst in England, and bearing date June IJth., in the present, year and accompanied by an Address from certain noblemen and gentlemen in London dated June 19th,* in support and corroboration of the same, both addressed to the Members of the Church of England, in behalf of an L'pper Canada Church University have also been brought under I'lt notice of the Senate, ... 3. These Documents have been extensively circulated throughout England, and appear to contain the reasons upon which is based a claim for obtaining the Charter in question • and the henate IE informed that it is also claimed, h-^ ise Royal Charters have been granted to Victoria and Queen s Colleges in this Province.— The principal reasons assigned as the claim for a Charter are, that the University of Toron- to as now established by parlinmentary enactment, " Expressly excludec from the University Religious Instruction according to any form of doctrine whatever ; prohibit.nfe any forms of prayer, or any Act of Public Worship ; and diwiualifvina any thTsemvte* '' Un.versity who may have taken Holy Orders from admission into, or any voice into And the InBtitution is designated as " Anti-Christian " and •' Impious." u ,* *i P® Senate of the University of Toronto denies the truth of these assertions, and, on be- half of the whole Christian Community of Upper Canada, for whose benefit the University of loronto has been established by Legislative sanction and Royal authority, repels them as slan- derous, inasmuch as Religious Instruction still continues to form part of the University Studies even with increasing vigour, but will not be permitted to offend, or interfere with the peculiar tenets of any Denomination of Christians, whilst holding out every facility to each for the free and separate exercise of Religious Doctrine. — 5. The Senate equally denies that any prohibition exists as " to any form of Prayer " or "any Act of public worship," allowing to all perfect freedom therein and the utmost facility for conducting the same. ^ 1 o.n^il '^^^^ ®®"?*^« equally denies, as contrary to truth and 8landerou.s, that the University Act of 1849 has disqualified any "Graduate who may have taken Holy orders from admission into or having any voice in the Senate," as two of its Members are Ministers of the Church of England and one a Minister of the Kirk of Scotland ; and no restriction exists, either as to the Members «r ./'?.'*» ""PPT^^l^-y '^^ ^'■''''"' '''""' *o **^°88 ^'^"^ ™»y hereafter be chosen by any aft) hated College, from being Ministers of Religion. And the Senate emphatically repels the accusation, that the University of Toronto is "Anti-Christian," or " Impious," because the principle upon which it is founded seeks to have Religious Instruction inculcated under the especial charge of affiliated Colleges for each Denomination of Christians desirous of University Education, which shall have power to grant Degrees in Divinity, and the further power of en- forcing [any Regulation of the Senate of the University of Toronto, providing] :— 1 „" '''*>at no candidate for matriculation, or for any degree, (in the University of Toronto, ) who shnll.ut the time of his application be a student in any of the different Colleges which shall be so far attiliated to the said University as to be entitled to appoint a Member to the Senate thereof, shall be received as a Student, or admitted to a Degree in the said University, without possessing such Re- igious requisites as may be prescribed by the constituted authorities of the College to which he be- ongs, and which, according to his standing in such affiliated College, he shall, bv the Rules thereof 49 'sectTon one^?^^'' ^^'^^ University Amendment Act of 1850, 13th and 14th Victoria, Chapter c. .I" The Senate respectfully appeals to Your Excellency, under whose immediate auspices the Statutes of the University of Toronto have bpen passed, whether their essential principle, as sanc- tioned by Her Majesty, is not to endeavor to excite all classes to take advantage of a National En- dowment fully equal to carry out the highest academical education in this Province, (and which if divided, would be useless to any,) combined with Religious Instruction in such a manner as may suit all Denominations of Christians, without offence to conscientious scruples ;— and that this principle has received th6 sanction and deliberate approbation of the people of Upper Canada through their Representatives for whose benefit the same is intended.— ' 8. The Senate further respectfully represents to Your Excellency, that it is highly injurious to the great interests involved in this question and which embrace the present, as well as rising generations of Canada, to permit the revival of an Institution, wholly exclusive in its nature and, therefore, u..8uited to the well-being of this Province, and which is intended to withdraw from the University of Toronto a large and influential portion of the community, many of whom are actually reaping great benefits from this Institution, and others are preparing to enter it whe.i suSieiciitiy advanced, without the present means, or further prospect, of being able to provide for this section of the inhabitants that high academic education thus recklessly intended to be thrown aside ; nor can the evil rest here, for the tendency of such an Institution is un - * For copies of these Documents, See Chapter VI. of this Volume. t Printed in Chapter II of this \ olume, pages 49-52. See page 50 for this proviso. : ■ »■ *'• >'«i i,' -.I I ; il 132 DOCITMKNTARV HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 liii questionably to revive those Religious asperities, from which the Province has already so deeply suffered, and which every friend of peace and good order deprecates, as fraught with calamity to' all. 9. Your Excellency, as Visitor of the University of Toronto, and, in that capacity, tho delegated guardian of its rights and privileges, cannot but be aware of its fitness and adaptation to the wants and wishes, as well as the best interests, of the Province ; Your Excellency known that much has already been done to correct what the people of Canada had a right to object U> in the former management of King's College ; that order, economy and good government aro rapidly being developed in the conducting of every thine connected with this Institution, if permitted to come into operation ; and the Senate trusts tliat Your Excellency will not permit a rival University, sought for under false and slandbrous pretences, to undermine and destroy a great national benefit. 10. But, that Your Excellency will be pleased to pray Her Majesty the Queen not to grant the Charter sought by the Bishop of Toronto, but, in lieu thereof, to grant a Royal Charter for the establishment of a Theological Affiliated College, to be placed in the City of Toronto, for tho express use of the Members of the Church of England in this Province, desirous of entering the same, and of receiving Secular instruction in the Univeisity of Toronto, and with power for said College to grant Degrees in Divinity. 11. In conclusion, the Senate is desirous respectfully to state to Your Excellency, that the Charters of Victoria and Queen's College were obtained under circumstances altogether different from those in which the Province is now placed.^ At the time they were granted, King's College University was considered by those Denominations represented by these Colleges, and also by a large portion of the public as exclusively adapted for Members of the Church of England, but the University of Toronto, as now established by late enactments, becoming avail- able to the whole community, and providing for Religious Instruction in separate Colleges, no reasonable objection can be i-aised why all may not, if so disposed, receive the benefit of the highest academical education in the National University and take Degrees therein in the Faculties of Law, Medicine and Arts, still preserving the inviolability of Religiou;: Tnstruction to each Denomination. In the short period, which has elapsed since the establishment of Victoria College, it has entirely failed for want of necessary funds, and the Institution has been closed, its buildings at Cobourg have been soldt and an Act of the Legislature in the last Session has authorized the removal of the Site of this College to Toronto :( with, it is to be hoped, the sound and judici- ous view of becoming an afiiliated College with the University of Toronto, and thus, at once, placing its benefits within the reach, and at the command, of that highly respectable (Metho- dist) portion of the community. 12. The Presbyterian College at Kingston, under the name of Queen's College, however respectable as an academical Institution of a superior order, does not possess, and, it is believed, oannot expect to have for a very long period the means indispensable to the establishment of a University, and it§ is matter for profound regret that the students of this College are not aa yet enabled to participate in the superior advantages to be derived from the University of Toronto in the faculties of Law, Medicine and Artr. The actual condition of Queen's College in this respect presents insurmountable objection to extending University Charters in Canada in tho present generation, if the honours and distinction to be obtained therein are to be con- sidered desirable, or a Province to be benefitted by University education. All which is respectfully submitted by the Senate of the University of Toronto. Toronto, November 7th, 1850. Petbr B. db Blaquibbe, Chancellor. Mr. Joseph G. Morrison, seconded by Professor George Herrick, moved, that the Draft of a Memorial to the Governor General, just read, by the Chancellor, be referred to a Select Committee, consisting of the Chancellor, the Vice Chancellor, the President, Professor W. C. Gwynne, the Honourable Henry Sherwood, Doctor Connor and the Mover. {Carried.) November 9th. 1850. A Letter from the Secretary to tho Board of Trustees of the Toronto Hospital to the Secretary to the Senate, was read, dated the 8th instant, stating that it had been resolved that the price for attendance on Hospital practice and Clinical lectures should be Two Pounds Ten shillings for six months. * Victoria College went into operation on tlie 21st of October, 1841. It was incorporated on the 27th of August, 1841. Queen's College went into operation on the 7th of March, 1842. Its Royal Charter is dated the 16th of October, 1841. King's College went into operation on the 8th of June, 1843. Its Charter was issued in 1827. See the First and Fourth Volumes of this Do^juiusntary History for particulars of these facts. f This statement is quite incorrect. Victoria College was not " closed" in 1850, nor were its Buildings sold for forty years afterwards. The Site of the College was not removed to Toronto until the early eighties. I The Act of Parliament, authorizing this removal, is printed on page 63 of Chapter II. of this Volume § The early comparatively successful operation of Queen's College does not bear out this rather pessimistic outlook of that College by the first Chancellor of the University of Toronto. 1850 y BO deeply th calamity tpacity, thu adaptation enoy known M object to rnnient are Btitution, if not permit ,ud destroy lot to grant Charter for nto, for the ntering thu power for 3y, that the er different ted, King's >llegea, and Church of tming avail- ^oileges, no lefit of the ein in the Tnstruotion liege, it has ba buildings authorized and judici- 18, at once, ble (Met ho- le, however is believed, ihment of a are not as liversity of in's College i in Canada to be con- icellor. he Draft of to a Select )88or W. C. ed.) he Toronto that it had s should be August, 1841. October, 1841. Bt and Fourlli I sold for forty Stic outlook o'. Chap. VIII. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF THE TORONTO UNIVERSITY, 1850. 133 The Honourable Henry Sherwood, seconded by Mr. J. Roaf, Junior, moved thut the Sec- rotanr do acknowledge the receipt of the Letter from the Secretary to the Hospital Trustees dated 8th November instant, and inform him that the same has been laid before the Senate and that the Resolution of the Trustees meets with their approbation. {Carried.) A Letter fro .; the Honourable the Chancellor to the Honourable James Leslie, Provincial Secretary, askink him to present his humble request to His Excellency the Governor General that he will be pleased to p-jrroit him to obtain a copy of a Royal Charter sought for by the Lord Bishop of Toronto for a Church University in 'T..ronto, in order that he might lay the same before the Senato of the University of Toronto. The following is a copy of this Letter :— At a Public Meeting held on TInii-fluay last in this City, for the purpose of opening a Medical School in connection with a Church University, the Lt)id liiahop of Toronto stated that he wuh about to obtain a Royal Charter for such University, and which would enable this Medical School to enjoy all the rights and privileges attached to similar Schools in couneetion with a University. Conceiving that this may seriously affect the rights and privileges, not less than the well being, of the University of Toronto, over which I have been called upon to preside, I beg you will present my huniblo rwiuest to His Excellency the (Governor General that he will be pleased to |)«rniit n:e to obtain a cop\ ot the Charter thus sought by the Lord Bishop of Toronto.in order tnat I may lay the same before the Sienale of the University. Toronto, 9th of Novemlior, 1850, Peter B. •E Bi.AQUEUE, Chancellor. The notice of a Rf solution of the Board of Endowment, relative to building Offices for the University and Upper Canada College, being taken into consideration, Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, seconded by Doctor J. J. Hayes, moved, that the Communication from the Board of Endow- ment, dated the 27th September last, be referred to a Committee, consisting of the Vice-Chan- cellor, the President, the Honourable Henry Sherwood and Doctor W. C. Gwynne. (tanied.) The Bye law of the Faculty of Medicine, regarding the Matriculation Examination being taken into consideration. Professor W. C. Nicol, seconded by Professor H. H. Croft, moved that the bye-law of the Faculty of Medicine, just read, be approved. (Carried.) The Letter of the Bursar of the University of Toronto, on the subject of his retiring from office, laid before the Senate on the 19t,h October, being taken into consideration, when it was moved by Mr. Joseph C Morrison, seconded by Professor .Tames H. Richardson, that the communication of the Bursar be referred to a Committee, consisting of the Vice-Chancellor, the President^ Professors Georg* Herrick and Skeffington Connor. (Carried.) Nwiember, 16th, 1850. A Letter fro'n the Bursar of the University to the Secretary to the Senate, dated the 15th instant was read, transmitting, by direction of the Board of Endowment, a Minute of their proceedings at a Meeting held on the 14th instant. The following Memorial from Mr. J. M. Hirschfelder to the Honourable the Chancellor and Senate of the University, dated November 14th instant was read, applying to be made Pro- fessor of Oriental Literature :* — The Memorial of Jacob M. Hirschfelder, Respectfully Showeth :— That your Memorialist has held, since the year 1844, the appointment of Hebrew Tu*or in the University of Kind's College, during which time he has performed the duties appertaining to that department, in every respect similar to those of the Professors. He has given a Lecture every day during the three terms of the year, conducted the examinations, and appointed the exercises for which services he has received no other emoluments than merely the fees arising from the students attending his Lectures. Your Memorialist begs leave to state further, that, when, in January last, the new University Bill came into operation, new warrants were issued to the Professors and a new classification of the various departments was made, whilst your Memorialist has hitherto received no new appointment, nor has his department been attached to any Faculty, so that he is at present perfectly ignorant as to what Faculty he belongs. Your Memorialist would, therefore, humbly Piid respectfully pray, that your Honourable Senate would be pleased, to raise his position from that of Tutor of Hebrew, to the Professorship of Oriental Literature, which is nlreadv established by Statute, since October, 1844, anfl stands first on the list of the Professorships which were at that time established by the same Statute. Your Memorialist begs leave to state further that the number of students attending his Lectures has been every year increasing. The three first years that he became connected with the University, the Students in Divinity connected with the Church of England only attended his lectures. The fourth year he obtained a large increase from the Theological Institution connected with the Congre- gational Church, who have hitherto regularly sent their students to the University to attend his lectures. Last year the Synod of the Free Church of Scotland determined that the Rtudcntsof Knox's College in this City, should attend the Hebrew Lectures at the University, and in accordance with that resolution of the Synod, twenty-five students of Knox's College attended my Lectures last winter. This present Session I have obtained some Students from the Theological Institution which has been removed from London to Toronto, in connection with the United Presbyterian Church. •As the Memorial is somewhat historical in its character, I have inserted it in full. "•Ur it ^ /i 134 noiUMENTARY HI8TOUV OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 ;]■• is ftw,iJ wh^M 1 I ? -^^ '"'W •'*;">« ri.m..v..,l f,„,„ the University, arul y,mv Menio.ialiHt lu.t IminR Tu ZSr ;'''"'■ '""l''/'''.''" r"'"""' '" '•'" ^^"i^"'«^y. l.avi„K hitherto lMHm.„n.H..t.Ml with that bmuilty. l.t-gs le.vvo t., ntato, th.it ho h uot aware ..f .my Univt-rHity either in (Jerm.iny. KriKJarul or A,nen.-,i. ,„ whuh there m n.,t .vt e.int nne Profen.or of Oriental Literature. In.lee.l in the „ive ! ™Vs |.;.il ' Hebrew Chal.lee. Syriac, an.l Arnl.i... may be .stu.lie.l free of eharge, but the greatest Prize., are given ivh an indiiconient in that ile|)artinent. » ' " T>„1 li'."'"' ^"i"''l" '-'"'^'•"''ty />'-'»>"tefore entering on their Tlieol<.gi,,al studies Co n trv , r.? f 11 **"""'" ^" "" ,"«»'""""'tionH. The young men Mtudying for the MifiiHtry in thi^ „«l!l.'^' '^"^^'r' !«^'™"v very poor, the expense of their e.lueation is mostly defraved by the voluntary SH n ; r.!! 1 ""'•' ''^^'-'''^[1" l>«»>'«'"nation8, it can, therefore, nm be ex{,eeted,'that each The<.logic.ll o th. „ ""V'.'tai" a l^ofe«8or of Oriental Literature, no more that .( u.uld be expected that tich nnn« ^f r. ""^,",'',1'" ."i, tTofe.ssor of Classical Literature, or Mathematics ; it would Iw a tax which none of them would bo able to bear. *«»«.* «im.ii fnur^""'' ^*"'";»''\'!*'t ^'e^^ leave further to represent to your Honourable Senate, that he has studied P. 1- ''"'*' "^ • ^"'^''''",'^y "f Heidelberg, and also four years at the well kn(.wn Oriental School at wniLnZ V ' . ''""''■ '^^' "' ^Tr"' ^''•' ''"^'^"« "^PP^'tHi'iing to his department, and he ^f neLvmpn 7 '. •'^.>'■'''''^';M• ^^ '''•V •'«-"•« y«"'- Honourable Senate, Testimonials from k number ^uUiZ^ .1 w ' S' V^' ?^ "" L)«""n""ttK"»s. niany of whom have been so kind as to write on the subject to the Hoiioiroble Attorney General Baldwin, when the University Bill was before Parliament. r.^.JlT ,^*«"'°"''l'rt sincerely trusts that you will be leased to receive his Memorial favourably, an.l place the .lepartment of Oriental Literature, (which will always form one of the largest Classes in the Kru^Y' '" T " H"'"'"' ^'"\^ V'^ growing .lesire for tfio stu.ly of Orient.d Literature may not bo checked, nor its usetulness impede.l, and in doing so, he is assure.f you will ever receive the tlianks a knnwi 'y Tl ^'■?^' ^^ '*' '•""• J^.''? «f' '^r^i^e woul.l probably be entirely deprived from obtaining a knowledge of that Language in which the Holy Oracles were originally recor.led. Toronto. 14th November, 1850. j. m. Hikchfelder. «.fjJ''®*!.t"''o'"^ ^^^/"^^ °t'^® Committee appointed to take into consideration the communi- S^iw° ^u n™**"* ^f.» he University was read :-The Committee appointed to take into con- Bideration the Ccjmmunication o' the Bursar to the Senate, dated 17th Oct.)ber, 1850. on the subject of his resignation of the Bursar's office on the 16th November, 1860, beg leave to report, inat, under the altered circumstances of the office of Buraar, rendered necessary by the late Act or Parliament, the Committee recommend, that the resignation of the Bursar be accepted. fK , T'^*'/'»e advanced age and past services .jf that Officer entitle him to compensation, and tnat, m the opinion of the Committee, such compensation should be a sum of money, an.l not by That, in the (.pinion of the Committee, the amount of such compensation should be Seven Hundred and Fifty Pounds, (£750.) That the Committee further recommend, previous to the payment of said compensation that t.ie accounts of the Bursar s Office be audited ; and al*. ihat the Bonds of ttie Bursar's sureties be not cancelled, but be retained by the University. ^f ,^!^n '^°"^?1' C. Morrison moved, seconded by the Reverend Dojtor Beaven, that the Report of the Committee be adopted. (Carried). '^ The Statute for conferring Degrees upon Professors of the University, not already possessed of any Degree, was read a second time. Whereupon the Re verend 1 > )cto r Beaven. seconded by Professor Skeffington Connor, moved that the Statute, for giviu- authority to Convocation to (CamerfT statutable requirements for Degrees in the Case of Professors be adopted. Professor W. C. Nicol's Statute, relating to the Chair of Agricult ure. and the establishment of anl^xpenmentalFarni, was read the first time. Professor Nicol, seconded by Professor bkeftngton Connor, moved that the Statute just read be referred t. a Committee, to consist of the Vice Chancellor the Honourable J. HiUyard Cameron, Mr. Joseph C. Morrison and Doctor oonnor. (Uarned. ) Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, seconded by the Honourable J. Hiliyard Cameron, moved that the Secretary address a Letter to the Chairman of the Commission of Inquiry, requestinc him as soon as convenient, to furnish the Sena t- with a statement of the Bursar's accounts, shewing the balance of cash m his hands belonging to the University at the time the Commission enter- 1850 Chap.VIII. pRO(;KEi)iNaf{ of the senate of the Toronto univeusitv, 1850. 135 f '' xl Milt lioiiiff ruM'tdd vvitli y, Kiiglaiul, tlu) Ifiiiver- iu:li t'licour- ■gc, liiit thi) ity Collc^i', niii(!« Piize I luid Ciini- iiil Oriental ID iiitt!n(l«(l (Mil stiit'.iek, Htry in this I voluntary 'I'ht'ological (I that eauh I tax whiuii liaH Htudied 1 Kuliool at Arabic, ho it, and liu n a iinniber rito on tlic •arlianient. iirahly, and sses in tho re may not tho tlianka 1 obtaining SLDER. comniuni- > into cou- JO, on the to report. 10 late Act >ted. ttion, and ind not by be Seven lation that 's sureties fie Keport possessed !onded by ucatioii to adopted. blishment Professor consist of id Doctor oved that iting him, , shewing ion enter- od upon their in(|uiiy, or to the credit of the Institution, and such other infoi niatton on the sub- ject as the OoinniiNsionen may lue tit, — the Bursar being about to resign hia ottico in the Uni- versity. (Oirrltd). Professor Jamos H. Richardson, seconded by Mr. Joseph C. Mitrrison, moved that tho Memorial of Mr. .1. M. Hirchfelder, laid before the Henite on the 16th instant, be rof -red to a Committee compo taken for the purjMme of locounising Mr. HiiHohfolder'H as a Tutor attached to the Faculty of Arts in this University, and tiiat a salary of not less than tKK) per annum should be attached to his tutorHhip. They wouhl at the same time, recommend tliat the fees of stuilents in Hebrew be reduced from €'i to €1 per term, in order to make iiiHtruction in Hebrew available to the Htudents of the varioim Theological .Seiiii.iaries in this iMty, Professor Skeffington Connor, seconded by Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, nioveil that the Report be received. (Carried). Whereupon tho President, seconded by Reverend Doctor Beaven, moved that the Report be adopted, except as far as related to the title of the Office which shall be "Lecturer in Oriental Literature " instead of " Hebrew Tutor." ( Carried.) The Statutes regulating the salaries of the twelve Professors of tho University, as amended, was on motion of Mr. .Joseph C. Morrison, seconded by Professor Skeffington Connor, adopted. November SOth, 1850. .\» the eight Members jireaent were not sufficient to constitute a (luorum, no business was transacted. December 7th, 1H50. A Letter from the Secretary of the Committee of "Visitation of the University of Toronto to the Honourable tho Chancellor was read, dated tho 2nd instant, requesting copies of tho Statutes of the Senate of the University rec ^y passed by the Senate to be transmitted to him for the information of the Visitors. The Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron, serr-nded by Professor Iskeffington Connor, moved that copies of the Statutes passed by the Senate be transmitted to the CommiB*' mers of Visitation and that the Secretary he authori7Ad t > have such copies prepared and trausmitted. ( Carried ) The Stntute for providing nmro efficient means of practical instruction for Students in Obstetne.s, as amended by the Solicitor to the University, to whom it has been referred, was adopted. A copy of Resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Provincial Lying-in Hospital and Vaccine Institution passed at ,i meeting held 2.{nd November, 1850, was read, placing the Institution at the service of tlio authorities of the University, upon such terms mh might be agreed upon by the University. Doctors George Herrick and John King were deputed by the Directors to treat with the University upon the subject of suoh Resolution. The Statute, authorizing a gratuity of £760 currency to the Bursar on his resignation of office and appropriating such sum for tha*; purpose was road and adoped The By-laws of the Faculty of Medicine relative to niee*^Ti78, etcetera, were read and approved. December 14th, 1850. As the eight Members present were not sufficient to constitute a quorum, no business was transacted. December 2lst, 1850. A number of Letters on vaiious matters were laid before the Sent te and read ; but no action was tiken on any of them, at thia uieeting. The Statute for allowing free education in the University to the sons of Masters' of the Upper ' inada College being taken up, the President, seconded by Professor L. O'Brien, moved, that the Sons of the Principal and Masters of Upper Canada College be entitled to recieve their education in the University, exempt of any fees to which the Officers acid i'roiossors are entilled. ( Carried ) The Reverend Doctor Beaven, seconded by Professor Skeffington Connor, moved that a copy of the foregoing Statute, relative to educational privileges for the Principal and Masters of ('pper Canafia College be furnished by the Secretary to the Council of Upper Canada College. ( Carried ) lil ^ .* If' " 136 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 The Psroamble Title and Clauses of the Statute for the appointment and payment of a Lecturer in Oriental Literature," as amended, were respectively put and carried. December 28th, 1850. A Letter from the Bursar of the University to the Secretary to the Senate, dated 28th instant was read, transmitting, by direction of the Board of Endowment their report on the examination of the Bursar's accounts. Professor Skeffington Connor moved' seconded by Mr. Joseph C. Morris<.n, that the Report of the Endowment Board, respecting the Bursars accounts be received, and that the Statement thereof therein contained is satisfactory ( Gained ) '' Profewor W. C. Beaumont moved, seconded by the Honourable Christopher Widmer, that for the purpose ascertaining the duties attached to the several Professorships, videlicet The number of Lectures delivered each week ; the duration of each Lecture, and the number of weeks each Professor lectures, the Senate do call upn each Professor to furnish a statement of the aboveduti-s, together with such additional duties, (if any,) which necessarily make a part of his duties, as a Professoi, that the Senate does this with the view of determining by Statute the duties of each Professorship, and also of proportioning, as nearly as possible, the duties of each Professor to the salary ailixed to the I'rofessorship. *u i. '^^u P"?"!*^"* moved, seconded by Professor John King, in amendment, that it is expedient that the subject contained in the foregoing Resolution be referred to the Visitation LommiMioners, with a request that they would be pleased to take it up at their earliest convenience. {Carried) The Statute relative to the salary of the President being taken up Mr. Joseph C. Morrison moved, seconded by Professor Lucius O'Brien, that the said Statute be adopted. ( Carried ) The Statute relative to Clinical Lectures being taken up Mr. Joseph' C. Morrison moved seconded by Professor W. C. Nicol that the said Statute for the appropriation of money for the Clinical Lectures be adopted. ( Carried ) i? ! M lii CHAPTER IX PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNIVERSITY ENDOWMENT BOARD. 1850. The Twenty-first Section of the Toronto University Act of 1 849 provided that there should be for the said University, and for the College and Royal Grammar School of Upper Canada College.a Body to be called " The Endov7ment Board of the University of Toronto, and the College and Royal Grammar School of Upper Canada College" of five Members. The Twenty Second Section of that University Act of 1849 makes it the duty of this Endowment Board : — " To take upon themselves the general Charge, Superintendence and Management of the whole Property and Effects, Real and Personal of the said University". . . (and of Upoer Canada College : Section Twenty-one.) - ^ *-*- On the 12th of August, the Secretary of the Senate of the University of Toronto, received the following Letter from the Provincial Secretary, and, on the following day, the Endowment Board held its first Meeting.. I have the honor, by Command of the Governor General, to acquaint you, for the informa- tion of the parties concerned, that His Excellency has been pleased to appoint the Honourable Francis Hmcks as a Member of the Endowment Board of the University of Toronto, etcetera, and Chairman of that Board, under the provisions of the Twenty-rtrat Sect'on of the f University Act of 1849], 12th Victoria, Chapter 82.* i j Toronto, 10th of April, 1850. Jamks Leslie, Secretary. The following is a record of the proceedings of this Endowment Board, so far as they were of general, or public, interest. •Printed on page 152 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. 1850 Chap. IX. PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNIVERSITY ENDOWMENT BOARD, 1850. 137 August ISth, 1850. At the first Meeting of the Endowment Board of the University of Toronto, at which the Honourable Francis Hincks, Chiirman, presided, it was : — Ordered that a classified list of all applications for purchase, lease, or otherwise (of Univer- sity Lands) be prepared for the Endowment Board by its next Meeting. Ordered, That the Bursar do lay before the Board a statement of all moneys in the Bank, or in his Office, by the next meeting, with Bank Books, and other Books and Documents. Ordered, That the Bursar lay before the Board, at its next Meeting, a Statement of moneys received f-ir and paid on account of Upper Canada College, between the time of passing of the University Act, (HOth of May, 1849,) and the first day of January last. August 15th. 1850. At this Meeting no business of public interest was transacted. August 19th, 1850. A Statute from the Council of Upper Canada College was read by the Chairman,— the same giving to this Board the general charge, management and superintendence of the property and effects of the said College. The Board proceeded to the consideration of applications for Deeds of Property appertain- ing to Upper Canada College, and ordered that the various Deeds be executed. Ordered, That an ace >unt be open with the Bank of Upper Canada, for Upper Canada Col- lege, and that the sum of Seventy-five pounds, Fifteen shillings and Three pence, (£76. 16 3) being the amount of a balance which appears at foot of account, now rendered by the Bursar, of moneys received by him between the passing of the University Act, on the thirtieth day of May, 1849. and the first day of January 1830, be placed to credit that account. Ordered, That an account be laid before the Board of all moneys received by the Bursar, on account of Upper Canada College since the first of January 1850, to the present time, dis- tinguishing the amount of principal and intercut and rent, and any payments that may have been paid hy him on account of the same. Ordered, That Joseph C. Morrison, Esquire, one of the Members of this Board, do prepare a draft of Deeds and Contracts for the sale for Upper Canada College Lands, and that he get two hundred and fifty copies of such Deeds printed, and five-hundred of " Contracts of Sale." August 22nd, 1850.— A statement of moneys received and paid by the Bursar since the first of January, 1860, to the Twentieth of August, 1850, for account of Upper Canada College, was laid before the Board by the Bursar. Ordered. That the balance of receipts and disbursements of Upper Canada College amounting to Six Hundred and fifteen pounds, thirteen shillings and ten pence (£615.13.10.) be placed in the Bank of Upper Canada to the credit of the said College, and that the Chairman do give his cheque, or order, to the Bursar to draw such amount from wherever it may be, and so place it ; and that a like order be given by the Chairman for the balance of Seventy-five pounds, fifteen shillings and three pence, (£75.15 3,) due to Upper Canada College, as per statement rendered by the Bursar at the last Meeting. Ordered, That the account to be opened in the Bank of Upper Canada shail be fti the name of the Principal, Masters ?.nd Scholars of Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar School." Mr. Joseph C. Morrison laid on the Table the printed form of Deeds for the conveyance of the Lands, etcetera, of Upper Canada College, and the same was approved by the Board. August 26th, 1850. The Bursar stated, with reference to this Board's order to place the sum of £615 138. 10 to credit of Upper Canada College in the Bank of Upper Canada, that he had been directed by the Chancellor of the University to defer so doing, until the Senate decided the question, on his laying the order before them. . . . August 29th, 1850— Ordered, (on a Letter to the Bursar from the Assistant Provincial Secretary) that the Bursar do receive and acquit the Warrant for the sum of £1,111 2 2 voted to Upper Canada College by the Legislature, and place the same to the credit of Upper Canada College in the Bank of Upper Canada. The Bursar submitted a Letter from the Cashier of the Bank of Upper Canada, dated the 23d of August, Instant, relative to Debentures to the amount of Nine Thousand Eight Hundred pounds, (£9,800,) and it was Ordered, That the amount of the said Debentures be received by the Bank and placed to the credit of the " Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Toronto," in an account to be opened under that head. Ordered. That the Bursar do write to the Commissionftr nf Ornwn Lands, to ascertain whether descriptions will be issued from his Department for lots of Land belonging to the University of Toronto and Upper Canada College, as they may be required by this Board. September 2nd, 1850. The Bursar submitted a Letter from the Cashier of the Bank of Upper Canada, on the si-bject of certain Debentures therein mentioned, referred to this Board by the Senate, on the Jlst ultimo, and it was, thereupon : I 1 t ' h ,1 138 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 'i860 fi,. ^'•'^«»"?f ' That the Bursar (Jo write to the Council of Upper Canada College, requesting that the Council have copies to the Case submitted to Counsel on behalf of the OolWe, on the ?!& Iwv, '""^' •'^*"!^K^ '"^ ^' '^"^ *°. '^t P°"«g«' *°^ »'«« the duties of the Endowment Board, with the opinions thereon, transmitted for the use of this Board. September 5th, 1850. No business of public interest was transacted at this Meeting ..^fPf'^^^^rf^^^/^^O-Ordered Th^tM charges for the joint management of the Property ?L fL^« nr.f^TT^-^"''^'!^'"'^ ^l^^' ^*"f^* ^""^g«' ^« P'^i''' •" the first instance, o^tol the funds of the University, and subsequently apportioned, (as shall be hereafter determined between the University and Upper Canada College. ueuerminea,; Ordered, That a Book be procured by the Bursar, to be called "Authority Book," in which shall be entered all Statutes, Rules and Orders passed and adopted by the Senate of the Uni- versity of Toronto, or the Council o Upper Canada Co lege, for the direction of the Endowment Board, as the same shall be, from time to time, passed and adopted. The acting Chairman laid on the Table a Communication from Upper Canada College qurt'ed^TthTBoard'^' submitted to Counsel and their Opinions thereon, as re September ISth, 1850. No business of public importance was transacted at this Meeting, nf j^y}'"^^"'' \^^J\' ^^ii- J^f Statute authorizing payment to the Clerks of the Commissioners of Inquiry was laid on the Table by the Bursar, with the Certificate from the Chairman of the Commission, that £110 was due to the Clerks . . . which sum, under the authority of the said Statute, was ordered to be paid and be charged to the Joint Management Account. 0>-dered, That the balance standing in the Books of the Bank of Upper Canada to the credit of the Council of K n .^ College be transferred to the account of the 'Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Toronto," and that the Bursar do forthwith comrau'- dilwn on\hif lcco° Chairman and the Bursar do sign all cheques to be madfrn'X!' nt^ ^^%^P^r •^°,l*y before the Board a deailed Statement of the payments made to the Ofticersof King's College by the Commission of Inquiry, with the vouchers authorizing such payments, and the receipts therefor. Jr..J^*'Tu'\i^^\' ^^^^- P'^"-< That that the Bursar do transmit to the Commission of iTf^AuK^fK-V Pf^"?.?^' ™**^® to the Commission, with the request that the Commission will furnish this Board with a memorandum opposite to each item of the purpose for which the r'Sr^f?.,^ « ' '? °'?!k ^'Jf '^^ ?.°*''1 ^y '""«^*t, and allow the same, in accordance with a Statute of the Senate of the University of Toronto. A Comijiunication was received and read from the Principal of Unper Canada Collese on the subject of the claim of Upper Canada College on the University for rent for the Upper s'lrid\?suEtt^^^^^^^^^ ''« """"«"^«« of the Council that the ques'tL September 23rd 1850 Ordered, That the amount required for the payment of the salaries dueonthe farst of October to the Professors of the University of Toronto and Principal and Masters of Upper « anada College, be laid on the Table with the authority for the same. . Ordered That the Senate be requested to transmit tor the use of this Board, the opinions of Counsel on the Case submitted, in reference to the claim of Upper Canada College and of the powers of the Endowment Board. Ordered, That the Solicitor be directed to apply to Mr. J. E. Small, the late Solicitor, for all Papers and Documents in his hands connected with the late University of King's College and for a Statement of Account between him and the University up to the period of his resigna- tion, and that the Solicitor do communicate the result to this Board, as eariy as possible. Ordered, That all payments of costs that may bo made hereafter on account of the Univer- sity, or Lpper Canada College, be paid through the Solicitor of those Institutions respectively. September 26th 1850 It wai resolved that, in the opinion of this Board, the Lot on the corner ot Church and Adelaide streets, ToronU^ would be a most suitable one, on which to erect a Building for ttie Oflices of the University and Upper Canada College, and the Board ... strongly recommend to the Senate of the University to appropriate a sum of money HOC CO e.. ...... ._.n., . ri,^u=».i« puUnda, vs,i,uw;, to be oxpendea on the erection of a Building . . . uponUpper Canada College giving the Lot in question for the purpose. September SOth. 1850 The Bursar laid on the Table a certified detailed Statement of the expenses and amounts paid on account of the Commission of Inquiry which was audited and allowed, except the sum of One Hundred and Twenty-five pounds," (£125) paid to 1850 Chap. IX. PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNIVERSITY EVDOWMENT BOARD, 1850. 139 ^ The accounts was ordered to be the the late Mr. John Wetenhall, one of the Commissioners, charged to the Joint Management Account. The subject of the transfer of the balance due by the University to Upper Canada College having been taken into consideration, it was resolved that such balance be at once transferred*, without prejudice to the claims of the University, either in Law, or in Equity, to such money, or any other moneys arising from the same sources. ... October Srd, 1850. No business of public interest was transacted at this Meeting. October 7th, 1850. Ordered, That the Bursar lay before the Board the names of the Gentle- men and others employed m his Office, with a Statement of the amount of their Salaries and Allowances, with the dates of their appointments and by whom made. Ordered, That the Bursar lay on the Table ... a Statement of the amount (and the resources) of the University, Annual Income for next year, with the charges against the same. October 10th, 1850. The Chairman called the attention of the Board to the Order of the Board, that Twelve Thousand, Five Hundred pounds, (£12,600,) shoilld be invested in Govern- "i^®"L "''®*' ~**'*'°" °" which had been deferred to enable him to make enquiry reeardinK the Montreal Harbour Debentures. These Debentures he had ascertained were payable in London, and the price asked was 85, payable in currency at 12J per cent, exchange. ^ J '''^^r^"*''**,! ^^^^^ °^ opinion that it was not expedient to purchase on these terms it was, ^.rdered That the Chairman sign a cheque for the £12.500, in favour of the Receiver General, with a request to htm that Debentures to that amount, payable in ten years, in sums of £500 each, with interest at 6 per cent., with coupons, as authorized by the Act of last Session for raising £30,000, on the credit of the Upper Canada Building fund. Ordered, That the Bursar prepare a list of the Mortgages held on account of the University with the arrears of interest due thereon, and also a list of the property purchased on account of the University, with a Statement shewing what portion thereof' is under rent and what arrears of rent are now due. October IJftl JO. Ordered that the Bursar do obtain from the Receiver General a Deben- ture for £n00, ^ inilar character to those ordered for investment for the University for investment, fi? , ^; jr Canada College, and that a cheque be issued for the same. October 17th, 1850. The Bursar informed the Board that he had received from the Receiver ^fo^/nr ' "" ®'' ^^^ ^'■'^®" °^ '^® Board. Debentures on the Upper Canad-i Building Fund for £12,500, for investment for the University, and £500 for Upper Canada College, which he had lodged with the Bank of Upper Canada. Ordered, That the Solicitor be instructed to take proceedings against Mr. J. E. Small, the late t-olicitor, to recover any amount that he may have collected for the University, and that remain unpaid, should he not be able to obtain from that Gentleman a satisfactory account and settlement of the claims of the University. October Silst, 1850. The Bursar laid on the Table the Opinions of Counsel, by oder ot the 55enate. No other business of public interest was transacted at this meeting of the Bonrd. October 28th, 1850. No business of public importance was transacted at this Meeting. November 4th, 1850. No business of public interest was transacted at this Meeting. November 11th, 1850. Read a communication from the Secretary of the Senate, enclosing the Endowment Statute No. 10, which regulates the business and proceedings of thy Board. Ordered, That the Solicitor be requested by the Bursar to lav before the Board of Endow- ment a Draft of the Bond to be executed by the Members of tlie Endowment Board. November Uth, 1850. Ordered, That the Communication from the Treasurer of the Law bociety, with the instrument enclosed be sent to the Solicitor, and that ho be directed to report thereon to the Senate of the University, and that the Bursar do communicate this Resolution to the Secretary of the Senate, and also that it is the opinion of the Board that it would be advisable for It to open a negotiation with the Law Society for the purchase of a right of way to the Uni- versity Grounds. The Bursar laid on the Table a Schedule of the Investments of the University property He was directed to write to the various parties from whom rents, or interest, are due, requiring payment of all arrears of rent and interest, by the first of February next ; and that, if not then paid, any instalments, or principal money, due will be also reciuired. November 18th, 1850. No business of oublic interest was transacted at this Me«titur No business of public interest was transacted at this Meeting. The Draft of Bond to be executed by the Members of the Board was ; and, it was, — Ordered, That the names of the Sureties of each Member be submitted to the Board for the purpose of being communicated to the Senate. L, November 21st, 1850. December 2nd, 1S50. considered and sanctioned *' I'i.r^ 140 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 i December 5th, 1850. The Bursar, having laid on the Table a Statement of Principal, Interest and Rents due on Block D, the property of Upper Canada CoUeRe* Ordered, That the Bursar do write to the several parties in arrears of Interest and Rent, and require the payment of the amount due, by the Seventeenth of February next, otherwise pro- ceedings will be taken against them. December 9th, 1850 Read a Communication from J. Lukin Robinson, Esquire, proposing to give up certain rights of way into the College Avenue on the consent of the University being obtained to the continuation and opening of Park Lane into the Eastern College Avenue. It was Ordered, That the Letter be transmitted to the Senate, with the recommendation of the Board that the same be acceded to. The Board received a Statute from th. Senate, respecting the resignation of, and a gratuity to the Bursar. Ordered, That the Bursar do furnish the Board with the several dates when his accounts were audited by the late Council of King's CoUene, and the Resolutions passing such accounts, and that he preface his accounts from the first of January, 1848, for examination and audit by this Board. No business of public interest was transacted at this Meeting. No business of public interest was transacted at this Meeting. December nth, 1850. December 18th, 1850. December 19th, 1850. Read the Report of the Solicitor on the subject of the accounts of Mr. J. E. Small, the late Solicitor. The Report was allowed to stand over, until information be obtained, in reference to certain accounts relating to Upper Canada College, which the Bur- sar is directed to apply for. December 23rd, 1850. There being no quorum present, no business was traniiacted. December 26th. 1850. A letter was read from the Secretary of the Commission of Visitation, requiring information as to the probable amount of the Income fund of the University that remans after paying all salaries and appropriations for the present year. After examination, the Board estimated the amount at £2.600,0,0, and directed the Bursar to write to the Commission to that effect. December 27th 1850. The examination of the Bursar's accounts was completed, and the following Report was adopted by the Board and directed to be transmitted by the Bursar in time for the next Meeting of the Senate :— The Board of Endowment, in pursuance of the directions conveyed to the Board under Statute Number Sixteen, passed by the Senate of the University of Toronto, have made a careful examination of the account of Henry Boys, Esquire, Bursar with King's College, Upper Canada College and the present University, and submit the following Report for the consideration of the Senate :— On the examination of the Books of King's College they found that the accounts of the Rursar had, from time to time, been audited by various Committees of its Council, and that such audit had been earned down to the end of the year 1847, and the accounts approved of. This Board, therefore did not consider it necessary to make a further investigation of the accounts, extending over the same period, as the competent authorities of King's College had pronounced upon those accounts and given theni their sanction and approval. The Board, therefore, commenced the examination with the month of January 1848, and have carefully gone through all the cash accounts down to the present time, and have found them to be uniformly correct, the balances have all been tested, the Bank Books examined and Vouchers pro >l a*' 144 DOCUMENTARY HISTORV OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 20th July, 1848, the date of the appointment of the said Commission to the present day, 24th June, 1850. I?M i Ft,* V i' > !! ii • s Date. Amount. { Date. Amount. September 2, 1848 £ 8. d. 5 18 25 7 3 2 10 20 4 6 25 30 82 8 9 44 17 6 10 47 11 14 3 5 5 66 16 4 1 16 3 5 i 50 1 5 51 7 6 5 58 17 6 1 Brought up £ 8. d. 675 19 10 66 5 " 30 " October lo' " ........ July 31, 1849 August 8, " 31, " 21, " 71 November 1, " September 15, " 5 'i 24, " December 2, " " 29, " " 29 " October loi " ........'..'. 23, " " 31, " 71 5 89 5 6 60 " 22 " January 12,' 1849 16, " November 11, " 100 31. " February 7, " <" 22 " " 3o', " 13 13 9 53 5 62 9 3 28, " December' 31, " March 17, " January 19, 1850 " 22, " 5 2 1 fi 17, " '* 21 " February 1, " .. 17 6 55 31, " " 8, " " 31. " March 1, " 55 April 5, " " 12, '• 7 6 75 3 9 30, " 23, " May 21, " 30, " 77 " .30. " June 19, " 9, " " ,30, '• 11 3 86 11 30, " 27, '• 5 Total Carried up £575 19 10 1 £1,538 10 4 The probable further continuance of the Commission was a matter of uncertainty ; conse- quently the inquiry of the Senate on this head, was replied to, according to the best apprehension which the Commissioners were able to form upon it. The causes of the protrac- tion of the work, have already been alluded to : they were well known to several Members of the Senate, and were above the control of the Commissioners, no less than that they had been beyond their expectations. The fiscal statements required, lelated to the comparative income and expenditure of the University, and consisted of two returns : one, showing the aggregate expenditure and income from Jaly, 1839, to the end of 1849 ; the other, showing the collected income for the respective years 1848 and 1849. The former was prepared in September 1850. at the request of the Chancellor, conveyed through the Reverend Professor Beaven. who desired to have the information submitted to the Board of Visitation for their guidonce in certain matters under consideration ; but though Professor Beaven was duly apprized of its completion, within a few days after making the request, the return remained for many weeks, uncalled for by the Board of Visitation. The footings of this Return shewed the aggregate expenditure for the period mentioned, to have exceeded the aggregate income by £10.140 19s. lid. — The second Return, furnished in December, 1860, shewed the excess of expenditure over income to have been, in 1848, £2,942 88. 6d. ; and in 1849, £2,955 lis. 9d. The Commissioners consider themselves called upon to state the above facts, in order to shew that the Univeisity authorities were aware of the advanced state of their work ; for it would not have been possible to furnish the returns referred to, had the work of the Commission accounts not been far advanced. The Commissioners have extended these prefatory details to much greater length than they could have desired ; but the nosition which they have occupied during a considerable part of the period of their in^, ..as been of a peculiar character, and has appeared to them to justify, if not to demaua, luch a detail of facts as they nave here, endeavored to give. They have never doubted that when the true nature and extent of their labours shall have been fully understood, a proper estimate of its value and importance will be entertained ; and that none will, in the end, more highly appreciate their work than the Officers and Authorities of the Uni- versity Relying, therefore, with the utmost confidence on the final approval of their entire conduct, they now submit the following statement of the leading facts which have come under their observance and appear to call for notice. infi 1850 Chap. X. COMMISSION of inquiry into affairs of kino's college, 1850. 145 Thb Genbp\]:, Sumhaby of the University Finances, 1843-185U. The General Summary, compiled from the Final Balance of the Accountant, and here intro- duced a. the olosinK .eotion of the K*port of the CommiMioners, exhibits the present state of the anaira of the University. in o *'''""?.''*? footings of this stateoent it will be seen, that out of a toUl capital of £336,930 !».», realized, or at the command of the University Authorities, there have been totally alienated, in Current expenditure and losses, £16«,319 11 8, leaving a balance of £170 811 8 of assets of various sorts. * These assets, of course, stand rated at the figures representing their original costs, as Intro- duced into the accounts. The present value of some of them is, no doubt, greater than the cost ; but that of others must be correspondingly lew. The Commissioners are not, however, called upon to furnish an inventory of the University eflfects ; neither could they pretend to be com- petent to do so They consider that they shall have discharged their duty, under this head, by exhibiting the distribution of the funds under the various heads of investment in which thev have been placed. It is, however, their duty to state, finally, in closing their work of investi- gation, that they consider the amount of money which has been alienated from the Trust, altogether dwproportioned to the extent of benefit conferred upon the public by the University and that the affairs of the Institution might have been so managed as to have secured to the youth of Western Canada much greater advantages than they have hitherto derived from the munificent endowment bestowed upon it by a paternal Sovereign. The Statement of Expenditure and Income following the General Summary, shows the true fiscal condition of the University, for the last seven years, prior to 1860, or during the period in which It has been in operation as an educational establishment. From this Statement, it will be observed, that the current expenses of the Institution have largely exceeded its proper annual fTfr^f; ifo^^J ?'. *o® *?rf ""^ expenditure over Income, for the above periodrhas been no less than £19,332 14 8. Under a continuance of such mismanagement, it is obvious that in course of some years, the capital must have been seriously decreased and the Institution reduced to a state of comparative fiscal weakness. The Commissioners, in this statement, have included under Income, every item of revenue properly appertaining to this head ; and under that of Expenditure, only those disbursements which have been made for services, leaving no asset as a representative, as salaries, wages, The General Abstract Statement of the Lands of the University, which the Commissioners have, with much care, compiled, and now submit, in connexion with the General Summary, shows the present state of the Endowment, so far as can be understood from returns in figures of the quantity of Land originally held in the various Townships in which the Lands were situate.* A proper estimate of the real value of the residuary Lands cannot, however, be arrived at without a complete and thorough inspection of them by efficient and trustworthy valuators. It u much to be feared, that the quality of the unsold lands is not equal to that of the sold Lands ; and it is to be regretted, that so great a proportion of the whole estate has been disposed of before the Institution has yet passed through its infant stage of existence. ToEONio, December, 1860. Robert, G. BoRNs,\Commi88ioners for Inquiry into . Joseph, Workman , / King's College Affairs. 111 y^ii 10 D.E. ■'i\ 146 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. i%60 1 •« CHAPTER XL I PROCEEDINGS OF CERTAIN CHURCHES ON UNIVERSITY MATTERS. I. TBE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF SCOTLAND-REPRESENTING QUEEN'S COLLEGE, KINGSTON, I860. I. Stitemknt, of the Board of Trustees of the Univbrmity of Queen's Colleoe, KiNOBTON, OF Their Reisoms for RESotviMo to Carry on That Institution in Conformity With < -s Royal Charter, Irrespective of the (Bald win) University Act of 1849. At a Meeting of the board of Trustees of the University of Queen's College, Kingh.'on held on the Fifth day of Marci<, 1850, an extract from the Records of the Commission of Synod of the PresbTterian Church of C.' (4) There is evenr reason to fear that, if Queen's College were to cease operatitns. as to its .hS *"^ P^»'°.»«P'^^»c»J departmen., the progress of nearly all those young men who are now studyirg with a view to the Ministry would be stopped. Of these theJe are now nearly twenty m different stages of advancement. Many of them from different causes could not attend at I«^i^!^a"^ S"?"! S°"f** every possible exertion is made to render attendance there as cheap as possible to students for the I^resbyterian Ohurch. They aie entirely exempted from class fees, not on^ at the Divinity Classes but fr, m the very commencement of thL CoUeg" course ; and the Boarding Establishmont, while possessing every needful comfort, is conducted with such strict economy, th.t the expenses of the students per session amount only to a very moderate sum The time of attendance is so arranged as to permit young men to teach, or be otherwise employed, during the summer. None of these advantages could be expected b^ them at the University of Toronto ; the full amount of fees and dues would be enacted : they would have to board themselves m as expensive a manner as other students ; and the times of attend ance are such as to prevent any other occupation; so that none could attend but those wh.; possess mdependent means, or whose fnends are able to maintain them during the whole College course. W^^fJrl* this, the Bursaries, now pretty numerous, granted >^y individuals, or bodies interested l?.^i^J r.-. f-^T^yfu"'"-^*'""':^' r"^*^' '" ™*"y ^'»««' °ot b« given to students attending an Institution like the L niversity of Toronto, in which these individuals, or Bodies might not place any confidence. v^ioo, , (5.) The number of students at Queen's CoUege.and the almost certain probability of further ^^T^A *'"8ht to induce us to maintain it. After the (Free Church) secession in 1844, only ten students attended ; the number now is thirty-five, and the number anticipated next Session Sfh7f„r.fr ,lfrrr.^".?V^if P''™-''^ ^^^'^^^ ''^'^^ '"'^y ^« »*^«^y '«««"i«^ as an indication ^Lil ! K V^^''.^''^* ?^ ^^^ C°"^««' "> T^^ encouraging. In 1846, when the School re • .pened, there were ^ut six scholars. The number now attending is fifty, -nearly all eneaged in such ^?/'!ll" r'i^ ^' '*'"'" t ^°"^*^"y "li^'''"' *^" «°"^<=« ^1«"« a constantLnuaf IXx of well nX?f .^S^ '?**^ ^ expected The fact that ^e can now point to upwards of eighty, and, probably next Session, to one hundred, of the youth of this Province enjoying the benefits of TnlT"^'' ®**"'**V*" '" connection with Queen's College must undoubtedly tend to give the communT "'e^eSli'"^ " °" assistance of the Legislature and the countenance of the on«rl??J?f„^?™*" Catholic Church has made Kingston the principal seat of their educational ^^^l ?^ l Canada, for which purpose it is admirably fitted by its central situation and iL^Z "j^T. % ^'T *" P^^^of^J'^ Province. Should Queen's College be given up, as a Literary Institution, there would be no Prbtestant College in the whole vast distance from Montreal to Cobourg ; and thus the whole of the superior education of those large SionVS } m Iff*" !: # 148 DOCUMIKTABY HISTORY OP EDUCATION IN UPPiR CANADA. 1860 u ;»' Oountry, of which Kingaton is the natural capital, would b« mado over to a Roman Oatholio Beuiinarjr. (7) The manner in which the new Measure of 1849 has been received by the Country (fives no hopes for its ultimate success. All the most numerous and induential DenominationN of Christians have declared themselves most decidedly opjMMod to its principle. The adherents of the Church of Scotland, especially, look upon it with suspicion and dislike. Indeed, a Messure, so utterly opposed to Christianity, and so repugnant to the principles and practire of Presby- terianism, could never be eijMMted to secure their confidence. The Church of Scotland has always held that education, from its lowest to its highest stage, ou,];ht to be founded on Religion, upon which all the real prosperity of individuals and Nations dep^mds. And there is reason to believe, that not only the Membors of that Church, but many (Miroiits who hulong to other Rtiligious Denominations, will prefer sending their children to Queen's College, rather than to one where every vsstigo of Religion is proscribed, and In studiously and purposely rejected. V. The Royal Charter gr» (td to King's College, in 1827, and the Endowments therewith connected, having been given eipr«sn'y *' for the instruction of youth in the principles of the Christian Religion," as well as in Arts and Faculties, it is held by many, whose opinions are entitled to attention, that the Endowment cannot be Legally, or Constitutionally, diverted from that purpose, such a change not i)eing an amendment, but a i.ubversion of the Charter. But, leaving this to be determined by more competent authority, our duty is clear. Whatever other Protestant Denominations may see it proper to do in the present crisis, it seems to be the impera- tive duty of the Trustees of Queen's College and of the Ministers and Members uf the Presby- terian Church in this Lan ' to maintain, to the utmost of their ability, an Institution so irnpottant to the Church and to the whole Country as Queen's College, and to extend, in every possible way, its means of usefulness that b< there may be in this great Province at least one University, where Literary and Scientific instvuction shall be combined with Religion ; where the Di ne BleHsing is daily implored upon the labours of Professors and Students ; and where Divine Truth is revered as the best and highest object of contemplation for the human mind, and the surest guide in the conduct of life. IL Rbgulations for Qukkn's Coi.leoe, Relating to thh Admission and Attendance of Students. 1. The Session or Academical year shall commence on the first Wednesday in October, and end on the last Thursday of April. There shall be a recess at Christmas, and another at Easter. The duration of these to be fixed by the College Senate. 2. No one shall be entitled to rank as a Student who has not been matriculated ; that is, whose name has not been placed on the Album, or Register, of the University by the Secretary of the Senate, and by their authority. 3. Every person applying to be matriculated for th*^ first time, shall undergo an examination before the Senate*, and, if the candidate does not display such a proficiency in these elementary subjects of examination as to warrant the expectation that he will pursue his studies with succeHS, it shall be competent for the Senate to refuse his admission. The Senate shall have power to lank a Student, oven at his first entrance as a senior one, provided that he display such pronciency in the subjects of examination as shall fully warrant his being so ranked ; such indulgence to be granted only in those cases where the Student exhibits a degree of proficiency decidedly above the average rate of intrants. 4. When a Student of a former year applies for matriculation, he shall be examined by the Senate on the studies of the previous Session, or Sessions, and also in regard to the improvement he has made during the vacation by private study ; and if it shall appear that he has been negligent, it shall be competent for the Senate to place him in the same situetion in regard tu standing as he held the previous Session. 5. Every Student, at the time of his matriculation, shall subscribe a declaration of obedience to the authorities and laws of the University. 6. Every Student, at the close of the Session, shall apply to the Professors, on whose instructions he has attended, for Certificates attesting the regularity ot his attendance, his proficiency and diligence. The nature of these Certificates shall form an element in the judgment of the Senate as to the person's standing for that Session. 7. Any Student, who shall have been absent from the classes during such time, or times, in the course of one Session as shall amount to thirty days, wittiout leave obtained, or cause shown, shall be held and accounted as not having attended that Session. 8. Any Student, who shall have been absent from the classes during such time, or times, in the course of one Session, as shall amount to fifteen days, without leave obtained, or cause shown, shall be held and ocoounted lus having given only partial atteadanoe that Sesaion, which, in regard to standing, shall count only as half of a regular Session. *The tubjects o( examinstion are at present ; the first three Books of the iGneid ot Virgil ; the first three Booln of Caesar's Commentaries ; Hair's Introduction ; the Greek Grammar ; and Arithnetic, as far aa Vulgar and Decimal Fractions, inclusive. 1850 Chap. XI. PROCtlDINOS OF CERTAIN CHURCHES ON UNIVERSITY MATTERfl. 14^ 9. Any Htuilent, who, from ill h^iltli, or other neoeiimr)' c«um, to i« approved of hy the ^^4«nate •hall have iMjen oompelletl to be almdiit from the (^laiim>n during such time or ttmeii, in thp ii < of one HoBHion, an shall not excetni two monthii, nhall Ihj hold and a«'o<»inttd to have attemled reKuUrly. But, if the time of ahience oxoeee ro^anled an imrtial ; anil If the time of alwence excoeil three monthH he Hhall not t)e regardeil as having attende«cidiar, nature, in regard to attendance and abmnMHt, may be adjudged upon by the Henate, attconling to the oircumiitanoeii of each case. 11. Students ooniing from other Universities may >)« admitted to the same standine in this that they held in the ITniversity to which they formally helongeerand dtiniiion of the Heaaion*, or terms, in such other University ; and provided also, that the applicant displav a degree of proficiency uurresponding to the standing which he claimi. 12. Every applicant for admission shall produce a Certificate of good Moral and ReligiouB r haraoter from the Minister of the CJrugi-egation to which he last belonged, or, if thert- be no regularly (udaineil Ministar in his vicinity, from the nearest magistrate, and tne names of the persons granting such Certificates shall \>e entered in the Albun of the University. 13. No Religious Test, or •{ualiflcation of any kind hIihII l»e nHjuirefl of any Student entering the University ; but it is expected thot every Student will i»ay duo reverence to the Ordinancea of the Christian Religion, ami attend some place of Public Worship. (Chapter II : In regard to Discipline, Im Omitted) Chapter hi, in rruard to deorees in qveem's cullegb. 1. The Curriculum, or i ^urse of attend i.w. on tm Literary and Philosophical Classes for Students who intend to compete for the Degree of T' w;h.>lor of Arts shall be three Sessions attendance. The couse of study shall be as follows : — IM Year. — Junior Latin — Junior OreeK 'unio: ^ athematics. Snd Fear.— Senior Latin— Senior Greek r '■'a-alor Mathematics ; Natural Philosophy. Srd Year Third Greek ; Natural Philosophy ; Moral Philosophy ; Logic and Rhetoric ; and with Third Latin or Third Mathematics, as may lie determined in each i;a8»- by the SenaterH. Students having it in view to study for the Ministry, whose circumstances do not permit them to attend during a seven months' Session, and whose case shall have been specially certified and recom mended by the Presbytery within whose bounds they reside, may enter on, or before, the first Wed- nesday of December, and their course shall be completed in four Sessions of six months each. 2. The time for the examination of candidates for Degrees shall be fixed by the Senatus, and public intimation thereof given in the several classes ; and all candidates shall, within ten days after such intimation, signify their intention to come]forward, either to their respective Professors, or to the Secretary of the Senate. 3. The subject and manner of Examination shall be determined by the Senate. The Examina- tion shall take place in presence of the Senate, and shall consist partly of written questions and trans- lations and partly of >nvi voce Examination. The subject of Examination for Degrees tor each Session shall be appointed by the Senatus and entered on the Minutes of the Board of Trustees of the College. 4. If any of the candidates distinguish themselves by an uncommon degree of proficiency, either in Classical, or mathematical studies, or in both, it shall be competent for the Senatus to express their sens© of such high merit by honourable mention of such candidates' names in the published List of De- grees conferred. 5. No student shall be entitled to come forward as a candidate for the Degree of Master of Arts, unless he has obtained the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, imd had his name on the Books two Sessions, after taking such Degree. In other respects, t he Regulations, in regard to the Degree of Master of Arts, shall oe the same us those regarding the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, 6. Graduates of other Universities, or any other distinguished persons, shall be admissible to Honorary Degrees. 7. The Fees payable on obtaining Degrees and the application of said fees shall be determined by the Senate. Form of Declaration to be subscribed by Students at time of matriculation ; — I, , being now admitted as a Student of Queen's College, do hereby solemnly and sincerely de- clare and promise that I shall, at all times, render due respect and obedience to the Principal, Profes- sors and other Authorities of the University, and strictly obsei ve and obey the Laws and Statutes thereof, (as enacted and administered by the Senatus Academicus, ) that I shall apply myself carefully and diligently to the studies in which I am to engage, and perform, to the utmost of my power and ability, the exercises prescribed ; that I will conduct myself in a courteous and peaceable manner towar'ln iDV fellow Students * and th&t I shall alwavs maintain &nd defend the ri'^hts and Tirivile'^f^ of this CoUetje, and never seek, in any way, or manner, the hurt or prejudice thereof. The following are the subjects for Examination for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts — for Session 1849-50 : Cicero— Orations. Horace, Odes and Epistles. Xenophon, Memorabalia. Komer's Iliad, First 12 B^juks, Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus. Euripides. Hecuba and Medea. Euclid, First Six nd 11th and 12th Books. Hind's Algebra ; Playfair's Plane Trigonometry. Snowball's Plane and I J ! I i 160 M ^y DOCUMENTARY HISTORY Or EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 'ihi r Spherical Trigonometry. Whewell's Doctrine of Limits ; Differential and Integral Calculus. Whately's Logio and Rhetoric. Paley's Moral Philosophy. Wayland's Elements of Morality, Earnshaw's Statics. Arnott s Physics, Herschell's Astronomy, Paley's Evidences of Christianity, and generally the subjects of Study throughout the course ^ a j j III. Educational Prockkdinos of the Synod of the Presbyterian (Cbuech of Scotland), 1850. July Srd 1850. The Synod proceeded to the election of two Trustees for Queen's Collfege at Kingston, in room of the Reverend Robert McGill, and the Reverend James Williamson, A. M., who retire from Office at this time, according to the terms of the Royal Charter of Queen's College, when the same gentlemen were re-elected. July 4th 1850. The Synod appointed the following Committee to take the whole state and con- dition of Queen's College into consideration, and report on such action as may be deemed necessary in regard to the same by this Synod, videlicet :— The moderator, (Reverend William Bell of Perth), and Seventeen other Members of Synod. Jtdy 6th, 1850. The Synod called for the Report of the Committee appointed to consider the state of Queen's College, which was given in. After discussion, the followinff Deliverance was agreed to : The Synod, having heard the Report of the Committee appointed to consider the state of Queen's College, agreed to approve and adopt the Minute of the Commission of Synod, held at Kingston on the 11th day of October, 1849, anent Queen's College [which is inserted on page 146 of this Chapter] Jidy 9th, 1850. The Commission of Synod also recommended that this paper should contain a statement of the financial affairs of the College. The Commission further recommended that the Rev- erend Principal Liddell, as soon as convenient after his arrival in Canada should visit all the Congre- gations within the bounds of the Synod, to explain the course of proceedings which the Board of Trus- tees of Queen's Colk^e have deemed it proper to pursue, and to set forth the duty of such parents as have the means, to give a Collegiate Education to their sons. And further, the Commission recom- mended the Presbyteries should co-operate with tho Trustees of Queen's College in the exertions that may make to obtain subscriptions and collections in aid of the College Funds." The Synod, further, resolved anew to give their best aid to the Trustees of Queen's College to maintain the Institution ; and, with this view, the Synod ordain that the support of Queen's College shall henceforth be one of the permanent schemes of the Church, in aid of which collect- ions shall be annually made in all the Congregations belonging to the Synod ; that, for the 8 resent year, collections in aid of the Funds of this Institution shall be taken up in all the cngregations throughout the bounds of the Synod at an early day ; that Ministers do earnestly recommend the interests of Queen's College to their people, not only in regard to increasing its funds, but also in the way of promoting a larger attendance of students ; and that, in conjunction with the Board of Trustees, one or two Ministers be appointed to visit the principal Congrega- tions of the Church, and advocate ihe cause of the Institution. The Synod called for Returns from Presbyteries on the Act anent the course of study for the Holy Ministry, and, in accordance with the opinions of Presbyteries, the said Act, embodying the amendment proposed at the last meeting, was adopted as a standing Law of this Church and is as follows : — Whereas it is expedient that the course of Study to be henceforth pursued by those who look forward to the office of the Holy Ministry in the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, should be more definitely prescribed than it has heretofore been : Jt in hereby enucted, by the Synod of the aforesaid Church, that the literary md scientific Course of Study shall embrace three Sessions' attendance on the classes of Queen's College ; each session to consist of seven months ; the classes to be attended in the following order : — 1st year, Junior Latin, Junior Greek, and Junior Mathematics. 2nd year, Senior Latin, Senior Greek, Senior Mathematics, and Natural Philosophy. 3rd year. Third Greek, Natural Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, Logic and Rhetoric, and with Third Latin, or Third Matliematics, as may be determined, in each case, by the Senators of the College. But students where circumitances do not permit them to attend Sessions of seven months each, and whose case shall have been specially certified and recommended thereto, by the Presbytery within whose bounds they reside, shall be allowed to attend Sessions of six months each, provided they attend four such sessions ; the Classes to be attended in the following order : 1st Year, Junior Latin, Greek and Mathematics. 2nd Year, Senior Latin, Greek and Mathematics. 3rd Year, Third TAtin, Greek and Third Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. 4th Year, Logic, Rhetoric, and Moral Philosophy. Note. Several page« of the Synod Proceedings, relating to purely Theologi- cal Education, are here omitted. 1850 Chap. XL PROCEEDINGS OF CERTAIN CHURCHES ON UNIVERSITY MATTERS. 151 II. THE METHODIST GHUKCH, — REPRESENTING VICTORIA OOLLEGE, COBOURG. • ' ' ' The passage of the Act for the removal of the Site of Victoria College from Cobourg to Toronto^ gavi^ rise to a variety of statements and rumours. The queistiona on the subjfect which were publicly disctissed were, (1), as to whether the College was to be discontinued, or (2), converted into a purely Theological Institution, or (3), be formally affiliated with the University of Toronto, just then established. i i In order to inform the public as to the correct facts of the case, the Reverends John Byerson and Enoch Wood, Visitors of the College, and Members of its Board of Management, issnfed the following Address oix the subject. It will be noticed that this Address enters fulh' into the discussion of the general question of the desirability of establishing ana maintaining in efficiency a denominational, and yot a non-sectarian. Institution, like Victoria College. It also points out that the unsettled state of the University Question has had a some- what paralyzing effect upon the operations and efficiency of the College, and that the unsatisfactory nature of portions of the Bala win University Act of 1849 rather increased, than diminished, these difficulties. Chpistian Brethbbn and Friends,— We feel it to be our duty to address you briefly on the aubjeqt of Victoria College, Statements have appeared ip certain of the public prints, which demand correction, and circumsttmcea have occurred which require explanation. The College needs your support, and we desire io lay before you its claims. 1. As to ihe statements respecting the diacoiitinuance of the College, or a determination to discontinue it, they are without the slightest foundation in truth, . . . The sole object which those who have had the chief responsibility and burden in managing and sustaining Victom College, have had in view, is the usefulness of the Institution, in connection with the common interest of our Country,— and ibis will appear from the following facts : — 2. The Institution was not established upon any exclusive principles. Many of the Instruct- ors, who have been employed in it, from time to time, have been Members of other Religious Persuasions than that of the Weskyan Church, gre»,t numbers of youth of various Religious Persuasions have been taught within its walls ; and the spirit of an exclusive, or narrow-minded, sectarianism, hais never characterized the proceedings of its Authorities. Its Chartert does not permit the application of Religious Tests in the admission of students, but simply requires the teaching of Science and Literature on Christian principals. The management of the Insti- tution has been in harmony with the provisions of the Oharter,- the youth caught there hav- ing been required to be regular in their attendance at their respective Places of Worship.and the daily instruction and discipline administered to them being such as to promote their best intel- lectual, moral, temporal and everlasting interests, Victoria College, though strictly a Wesleyan- Methodist Institution in its origin, proprietor-ship, and character, las essentially contributed to the general interests of Christian Education in Canada daring the last fifteen years. 3. The buildings were erected nearly Twenty years sinoe, and a Royal Charter w&b sub- sequently obtained, (^n 1836), not for an University College, but for "The Upper Canada Aca- demy ", J— an Institution designed to impart a practical scientific English, and thorough ele- mentary Classical Education, with a due regard to the Christian principles and morals of youth. Such an Inatibutjon was a desideratum in the Country %t that time ; and the exertions and sacrifices made to establish it, were in advance of any denominational effort of the kind, whiih had ever been made in Upper C anada. § Some years afterwards, there appearing but little *A copy of this Act will be found on page 53 of this Volume. The reasons for its removal are iriven in a Memorial to the Letfislature by the Board of Tristees, ard printed on page 20 of this Volume. t Printed on pages 67-61 jf the Pourt^ Volume of this Documentary History. { A copy of this Charter will be found on pages 2fl8-272 of the Second Volume of this History. * The fourteenth paragraph of the Rei.ort of the House of Assembly, on the application of the Authorities of Victoria Col- lege for aid to that Institution, whipU was adopted by that He Be on the 2l8t of February, 1838, is the foundation for this statement : That Report says :— fi, tT^'*^ exertions of the W'esleyan Methodist Church ir. *;he accomplishment, so far, oi this o^iect, [the establishment of loo^TP®"" !<»"«"» Academy,] are unparallel ; and, in the vords of 'ihe Report of the House of Assembh- of February Pth. 1 • > ., '* *"^ stratest undertaking hitherto successfully proeecuted in this Province by means of voluntary contributionti »! 1 i; I 152 ''I 11 ft' DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 prospect of any other than [King's College] a sectarian University College, instead of a truly provincial one, being endowed at Toronto, the Upper Canada Academy was incorporated as an University College in 1841, still, however, retaining the English and elementary Classical XJepartments in the Institution. 4. But before arrangements had been completed for the proper organization and effecient operations of the Institution, upon the more comprehensive basis of an University, as well as a preparatory College, the question of the endowed College at Toronto was taken up by the Gov- ernment and brought before the Legislature, with a view to establish one Universfty upon broad Christian principles for the whole Province. The authorities of Victoria College made no op- position to such a policy,— raised no party cry,— erected no sectarian standard against a Pro- vincial University ; but evinced, by resolutions adoped in 1843, * and 1845 t 1847, t a disposi- tion to co-operate m any just and practical arran^tement, by whatever party proposed, which would secure to the Country an efficientChristian System of University, as well as Common School. Education. . ' T>» ?• The "University Question " continuing to be agitated, and without the passing of a single Bill by the Legislature with a view to its adjustment, from 1843 to 1849, our Conference has been kept in a state of suspense from year to year, as to the course which duty might dictate in regard to the relations tnd interests of Victoria College. To secure proper Professors and Masters, and sustain the Institution as an University College, as well as a Classical Academy and Scientific English School, required a very conwderable endowment, in addition to the pitt- ance of Five Hundred pounds , (£600,) per annum granted by the Legislature. 6. In the neighboring Stai<»s, no Univei-sity College can be sustained for a single year with- out an income of several thousanvl dollars, by collections, subscriptions, or grants, or all united, in addition to the fees of students. But the unsettledness and doubt connjcted with the Pro- vincial University Question, prevented our Church from adopting any decisive and final course of proceeding m regard to Victoria College. The necessary steps could not be taken to provide for the full support of all the professorships and masterahips required in the Institution, in its comprehensive character, without assuming a position, and making avowals incompatible with acquiesence m any Provincial University system. Yet duty and honour required, for the time being, that instruction should be provided in the several branches of a Collegiate course, as well as m the preparatory departments. To do this, required expenditures beyond the current receipts of the Institution. 7. The expectations of the final settlement of the University Question were year after year disappointed. At length, a Bill, designed to settle the Question passed of the Legislature and became a law in 1849. Some of the provisions and features of this Act were such as to leave our Church no alternative other than adopting efforts for ths permanent establishment of Vic- toria College as an University College. But early in the present year, circumstances occurred which appeared to revive the hope of so modifying the University Act of 1849 as to place the Toronto University upon a foundation that would render it worthy of the confidence and sup- port of all Ueligious Persuasions. 8. The question again presented itself, wheth-r it would not be our duty, in such an event, to unite in a Provincial University ; for, if it be the duty of a State to establish Public Educa- tional Institutions, it is the duty of all classes in the State to support them. To do so would require two things, (1) the removal of the site of Victoria College from Cobourg to Toronto, and (2), the surrender of the power of conferring degree in Arts and Science, except in Theology. In such a relation the Literary Department of the Institution would be the same as that of the former Upper Canada Academy, imparting a thorough Scientific English Education.— educating youth in the elementary Classics and Mathematira, either for the University, or for practical life.— taking a due oversight of the Religious J Moral interests of those young men of our own Church who might be pursuing their course of higher education in the University, and also providing for the more thorough Theological training of Candidates who might be recommended by local Quarterly and District Meetings of the Church for the work of the Ministry. Thus would the original objects in procuring the subscriptions and erecting the Buildings for the Upper Canada Academy be accomplished,— the educational wants of our Church would be pro- vided for, and the interests of the Country would be promoted. 9. The removal of the Site of Victoria College from Cobourg to Toronto, would involve the disposal of the present Premises and Buildings, and the procuring of new ones. It was suggested by a disinterested party, that the present Site of the College might be suitable for a Provincial Juvenile House of Correction, similar to one which has been erected on the South side of Lake Ontano, at Rochester, for Western New York, and that they mivht be disposed of for that pur- " — ' • "J - J— "•.!.• r,ii^, «iBiiiicicntc« jUugcs, sciuccou oy oacn or tne parties con- • Pages 19-26 of the Fifth Volume of this Documentarj- History. t Pages 103-106 of the tame Fifth Volume. J Pages 42-64 of the Seventh Volume of this History. Chap. XI. PROCEEDINGS OF CERTAIN CHURCHES OK UNIVERSITY MATTERS. 153 cemed,-thu«i promoting the public interfcuts, and not subjecting those of our own Church to an unreasonable sacrifice. This matter, honourable, as it was. to all parties concerned, has been made the subject of low and mean insinuation by persons of low and mean affinities. 10. Such being the state of things in June last, when our Annual Conference was held in BrockviUe, it appeared doubtful isrhether the present position of the College should be continued, or not, or whether it Would be most advisable to resume its exercises the ensuing Sessions at Toronto, or Cobourg. It has only been within the last two months, that it h&s been finally determined by the Board of Victoria College to continue the operation of the Institution another year at Cobourg.* 11. Under these circumstances, it has not been thought advisable at the present juncture to set on foot any general plan for raising a Fund to provide for the future operations of our College m a manner commensurate with the standing and wants of one of the largest Religious Persuasions in Upper Canada. Some embarrasment has been experienced, on account of the absence of the Principal, (the Reverend Doctor Mathew Richey,) whose state of health required a year s retirement from active duties, as woll as from the oitcurastances above referred to. • P' J^«*™ persuaded that nothing more is required than this simple statement of facts, to satisfy the Members of our Church, and all the friends of Victoria College, that nothing has been wanting on the part of those, on whom has devolved the arduous and difficult task of managing its aflFairs, in doing the best in their power for the interests of the College, of the Church, and of our common Country, in the delicate and unusual circumstances in which thev have been placed. "' 13. Whether the operations of the Institution shall hereafter be permanently continued at Cobourg, or transferred to Toronto, all parties concerned may be assured, that the original ob- jects of the Institutioi will be keT)t in view, and that the best interests of the youth entrustwi to Its instruction will be consulted by every future arrangement. The immediate oversight of the College has been committed during the present year, (in the absence of the Principal,) to Brethren of acknowledged abilit:' and tried integrity— to the Reverend Lachlin Taylor, as the Pastoral Governor and Professor of Moral Philosophy ; the Reverend Samuel S. Nelles, A. M as Classical Professor, in addition to the former Professors of Mathematics and Natural Philos- ophy, and a Teacher in the elementary English Department. 14. Though the first term of the new Collegiate year coi . ..« -s in the present week, students will be admitted until the first week in November. We hono, therefore, that all those whom we address, who are desirous and able to provide for their sons an education, at once solid, practical and Christian, will send them without delay, to an Institution endeared to every Member and friend of our Church by so many weighty considerations. ToBoirro, Septembeif, 1850. John Rterson ) ^. .^ U!i»nf.« W««,^ i Visitors. Enoch Wood Reverend Doctor Ryerson on the Removal of the Site of Victoria College from Cobourg. — Historical References. In replying to a statement, in a local Newspaper, that Doctor Ryerson had advocated the passage of " one or more Resolutions to dispose of Victoria College at Cobourg, and to establish a Divinity School at Toronto," he said : ' ' That there was not a single particle of truth in that statement as I never made, or thought of making, such a proposition, at any time or place, in any shape or form. "At the annual Board and College Meeting in Hamilton, in June last, (1850,) some conver- TOtion took place in connection with the subject of the Baldwin University Bill of 1849, as to the nature of its provisions, the duty of the Conference respecting it, and theefiect it might have upon the position and prospects of Victoria College. No one had any authoritative, or precise information as to the provisions of the Bill.as it finally passed the Legislature; and it was suggested that no action should be taken by which the Conference, or the Authorities of the College would be committed for, or against, the Bill, but to remain free to act, as might seem best at any future period ;— that, if the Christian and practical features of the Bill were such as accorded with the principles and interests of the Wesleyan Church, it would be the duty of the Conference to acquiesce in the decisions of the Legislature. The conversation was general ; I have no recol- lection of anv definitd R U_ -_.. r •-.^•^^ t that in my present position, I should be excused from taking any part in the Victoria College matters referred to. As to what has been stated in regard to the removal of Victoria College to Toronto the subject was introduced by the Reverend Doc tor Wood. Superintendent of 1882*^ ''^'^°''* ^*'"**^ "^^ alBliated with Toronto University in 1890 ; but its Site was not removed to Toronto until the year l» 1 ■ h\ 154 DOCUMEKTABY HISTORY OP ZDUCATION IN UPPEB CANADA. 1850 I M . i » MissiohB, and convened on at a Meeting *f tbj Victoria College Board hel4 in Cobourg in October. last ; but I was not there ; and the question turned chiefly, if not entirely, upon the comparative facilities afforded at Toronto ana Cobourg for the interests and efficiency of the Institution. The only " disposal " of the College buildings spoken of, in ftie possible event of .the removal of the College to TorontOj was to appropriate them to the establishment of a Wes- : leyan Female Academy. I have never heard or reiad one word as to the sale of the College . buildings, except what I have seen in the columns of the Newspapers, '<■ Then, in respect to the College being converted into a Divinity School, to the exclusion of the literary departments, this also is intelligence which I have derived from the newspapers, and from that source alone. I and lother Members of the College Board have thought, and still .think, that more efficient provision' should be ipade for the Theological and Literary training of young men whom Circuits and District Meetings have recommendml, and whom the Conference .has Approved, as having been converted and called of Gk)d, to preach the Gospel ; but I have yet to learn that any one of them ever thought of abolishing, or abandoning, the department of the College which gives a sound English and Classical Education to the youth of our Church. Nay, even in the possible event of the Conference being induced to agree to act under the University BiU, the provision for sound English and elementary Classical Education would be provided for in Victoria College as effectually as it has ever been,— and with all the facilities that Toronto dould aflord, in respect to special Teachers in Vocal Music, Drawing, Modem Languages, etcetera. Bi-own University, in the United States, was first established at Warren, but was afterwards removed to Providence, Hhode Island, yet I am not aware of any quid nuncs, even in a Country 8p fruitful in curious novelties, having invented the story, that the College was to be abolished, i n conseq uence of a change in its place of location. The elected Board of Victoria College is composed of persons who have done, perhaps, morb than any other fourteen individuals towards the establishment and continuance of the College, and who, therefore, have the deepest interest in doing that which will contribute most to .the objects of the- Institution, and to the interests of the Church with which it is connected. And, as to myself, 1 wrote to the Treasurer of the College, not many months since, adverting to the absurdity of the statements, as to the extinction of the College as an Educational Institution, when both its Academical and University Charter required the teaching of Science and Litera- ture on Christian principles, and expressing my readiness to contribute to the utmost of my ability to place the Institution on a proper foundation in financial matters. It is remarkable, indeed, to see professed Methodist advocates of the University BiU of 1849 the very first to assail the Authorities of Victoria College for barely conversing on the oos- sibility of becoming parties to the provisions of that Bill, — although I am confident not one of them has even yet formed and decisive and settled opinion on the subject. In regard to the Principalstiip of the College, it is true that at the Conference in Toronto m June, 1847, the Reverend Doctor. Mathew Richey was solicited to accept the appointment of Principal of Victoria College, but declined doing so, until it should be seen what position the College would be placed by the then pending University and Clergy Reserve questions ; it is also true that the Reverend Alexander Macnab was appointed Principal for the time being, but with the express understanding on all sides, and the explicit declaration on his part, that he would resign at any moment that Doctor Richey would accept the position ; and I believe it is likewise equally true, that no Member of the Board, (1 kno*r it to be the case in respect to several of them,) looked upon Mr. Macnab as a peniianent Principal of the College, but only as a,. locum tenens, until the settlement of the pending legislative questions would enable the Con- ference to decide as to the measures necessary to place the College on a foundation worthy of the Wesleyan Church and worthy of the Country. ToKONTO, September, 1850. Egebton Rybrson. At the Conference held at Brockville in June, 1850, the Members agreed tj) the following paragraph for insertion in the Pastoral address : — We cordially concur in the request made by the Board of Management of Victoria C ".^e, that they may have the valuable assistance of the Reverend Doctor Richey at the b .* of that Institution, so important in its bearinsss upon the Wesleyan youth of the Province anu ' e pros- perity of our Church, especially so, as we contemplate a more enlarged and systematic design tor the Theological training of candidates for our ministry, in connection with its eperations. III. PROCEEDINGS OF THK FREE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN CANADA, 1850. At a Meeting of the Synod in 1850, the Reverend Alexander Gale gave in a Report from the Committee appointed in 1849 on King's College, and the Reverend Doctor Willi:§, gave in 18S0 Chap. XI. PROCEEDINGS OF CERTAIN CHURCHES ON UNIVERSITY MAITERS. 165 aKrete"" °' '^' ^""^ ^""^«« Committee which were read. After deliberation it waa ^ornl^^Ttor^:^^^^^^^ of the SVnod be given to these g»S?„r„TL'rto^r=^^^^^^^ Dicksor^^John Fraser, G.' David S J BuSrT Nofcnin^^^^^ !?** ^u McDonald.' Doctor Samuel SpreulUnd James Shaw, Esquires lIVh^; tnJLS '^•.ul^u*''«- ?«dpath, John McMurrich, endeavour to get such arrangemers^^ru^iSt L^^^^^ purpose of Knox College. And that it be entrusted fnfE r V. ^?"^«^ .""^^ *« ^'^^ ^"«wer »>»« the internal economy of Knox CollSe as thev Z*!. u ° ,*^® Comnnttee to make such arrangements in and the advancemen't of the B^dSsTthe^rtT^tJot^^^^^^^ ''' P^^^^^^S '"« «bj-ts, Collegerw\^°faSdeSi?eX^^^^^^^^ ^^ th« inoornoration of Knox's that they may still further correspond wfththaPhnrV "I-^ ^\^ Preafcytery of Toronto, with the Pesbytmes- with aSHrv^ri^Pu.u' ""^^^"^"^8 ^^ details, and especially ity of the other PresbyTwLnnthl^d^frl"'^^^^^^^^ *"^ ^'^^ **»« concurr;nce of a major- take steps to have'tpS into law '*' °' '° alterations and amendments of the same: to agree?fhKil!^S?t?hiUd^-^^n^Sl^ ^°^ ^"- College. It was of the College Committee afa future L^I of Vnod^ '° "^ '" connection with the Repoit THE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL OF THE COUNTY OF YORK AND THE UNIVERSITY. r^P<^'^^f^afo''::ZX%ll^^^^^^ ^r^ ?» Education, beg leave to of County Councils, that one of thfse iStteMT«?h« S ^ . Municipal Act under the control expenses of Candidates attendantouL^t£' l^Lfu^^"" ^^ make provision for defraying the the University of ToSHnd Unnp^P Jiii p T^^'^''''^? !"" Scholarships and Exhibition at Exhibitions aL otrrf P^ii^KhSe Semi^^^^^^^ of l'" ' •'^''^ Fellowships, Scholarships, amongst the pupils of the public GramrarsXro7thl'ro™^^^^^^^ '' '^ open to competitL three^TaS Ind gfvX^o^n^'vVcliS; e'ir ^ Z^rialT''^^ ^°^ t'f ?*^*-*' '«-^'« ^<>' dateto exemption froS all thedueT,:;Kr;urfnt£;^^^^^^^^^ the sTrUi^^ertf sZfiir^^^^ ^^«« ^^'^"^"f^P- - -^-^le - obtain the privilege of Rooms Zd Smn^^T^h V''?'''^''^ ^ Your Committee havrasSTrtSned that ^T,^r.' ^""J' °^*!?!, ^ ^^^ successful competitors, for that purf«se """"^'"^^ ^^at £40 per annum for each Scholarship would be adequated one a?nua?rinc;?tZp^^^^^^^^^ *^VP^"«« ^' P^.'-'"^ *^-« Exhibitions, with amount required for that purnose to be ilf ..n^ l / ««""« footing, and have ascertained the ' from fees o> tuition shouTbTaccorde' by trSeJ'au'fhtif ^^^^l^T «^^"^P^^°° believe, would be granted upon the appliStionof^Z^^^^^ "^''^ '^'^ uave reason to The IXs^prod^trhict S^dtaTesridretf^. 'f^r.^' °^ ^^'- ^'^^ib'"-^ ^'^o. next ; supposing two thLn Sed on« fnl ffeli ^"^ *l ^^^ University would be in October College. tl^S first payLntLo^ndn^^^^^ University, and one for the Upper Canada: sum at Ihe ternunS of eaTtem of fhe first ^ear ^fi/^ n ^T"?!. '""°^^"/' ''''^ * ^^' for the third year, £195, -after whTch tim'e%h;?sJm ^-"0??? ^e tile ann^J^hrrr' ''"^ *'''' learn^gTmTnTtt?^^^^^^^^^ '^Z '^^^^11^^^'. ^^e encou-gement of education obtained bv the auoo«««fnl in«,^^^^ committee are of opinion, that the superior from these endowment^-fhey wTj^^^^^^^^ f"' ^^''^' 'he advantages derive.^ of the several Grammar Schooirof tha ConnTr an] T ".* ^^ exertion among all the scholars reach to entitle them io election 4 mot fS to T™ ^ ''.'''"/Iw'i^l'icl^ the competitors must they may have received their^r^vTorLtuction " ^'^^ '''"'^''' '" *^" Institutions where but, t'i^7::^:i:zSz::^T:ofr^ ^t^^n^r^^^^^-^'r--^^ *-«^^« it having been stated to your Committee tha^ Hi« hl:A^^ JV^ lu "" »"»«»i examination,— [ 4 a ^ ii ■ It 156 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 V HAPTER XII. nt PROCEEDINGS OF THE PROVINCIAL BOARD OF EDUCATION, 185 February 12th, 1850, The following Communications were laid before the Board attisiu, iti first Meeting in 1850. (1), From the Masters of the Upper Canada "Normal School, reporting their weekly f>iiioiai visits to the Boarding Houses of the students attending ithe Normal School. (3), Frossi the Secretaries of National Education in Irel-md, transmitting eight copies of the "Fifteenth Annual Report of the CommisaionerK of National Education in Ireland." mr the use of the Mem- bers of the Board of Education for Upper Canada. (3), From t!)9 Secretary of the Provirca dated the 23rd of January, 1860, in reply to an application from the O'hief Superintendent of Educa- tion, dn ted 9th instant, t^t'tting that His Excellency in C'ouucil had bee.) pleased to order the issue of a Warrant for Two Hundred and Fifty pounds (:C260,) the first quarterly ' istalmPQt of the additional annual gr.int, of One Thousand pounds, (£1,000.) ^o facilitate the i,»ttenitajico of Students at the Normal Soh. >1. (4), From Mr. Job.; George Hodgins, Recording Olpi'k tothtj Board of Education ti..i; Uprop Oanadia, spiplying for r^imuneration for extra servicfts rendered to the Board for a period of I'svo yeara and "?,,>' months. Ordered, That the thanks of this B«.f \d he conveyed hy the Recording Clerk to the Secre- taries of National Education in Dublin, for xlnAt ^irfcesy ivi transmitting copies of the Commis- sioners Report for the use of the Membwre ;>v fclik .Bv.,'»rd. In reference to the application of Mr. JoaSi (:e:*rg9 Hodgins, for an allowance for two years and eight months e%.tt& services from ihe pui mkI of hiis nomination, as Recording Clerk to the Board of Education for Upper Cajiadu, up m the time of the appointment of an assistis-nt Clerk in the Eduflation Office for Upper Canada, it was,— Ordered, That he be allowed the sum of Twenty-five pounds (£25,) per annum for tiis extra services, and luring the period in question. Mcireh 19th, 1850, Ordered, Tlik, in addition to the Masters of the Normal School, tho fol- lowing trentlem'i a be requested to act. as Examiners for the Govemor-Oeneral's Prize in Agricu- tural Chemistry m rhe Normal School, under the General Regulations adopted by the Board on the 20th day of Febvaary, 1849, * videlicet : Messieurs Henry Holmes Croft, Professor of Chemistry in the University of Toronto, E. W. lliompson, President of the County of York Agricultural Associaton, Francis Neale, A.M., late Vice-President of the County of York Agricultural Association, and George Buckland, Secretary of the Provincial AgriculturuJ Society. Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent of Education request that His Excellency Lord Elgin, the Governor-General, be pleased to attend at the Normal School Examination and dis- tribute to the siccesaful competitors the Prizes which His Excellency has been pleased to estab- lish in that Institution. April 12th, 1850. The Board is deeply impressed with the absolute necessity, under exist- ing circumstances, of erecting Normal School Buildings, in order to accomplish, to an adequate extent, the important objects of the Institution. It is, Ordered, therefore. That application be made to the Governor General-in-Council to recom- mend the Legislature, at its ensuing Session, to grant a sum of at least Five Thousand pounds, (£6,000,) for the erection and furnishing of such Buildings, on some convenient Site, which may be appropriated for that purpose. That sum, though less than has been expended in other places for such purpose, while the Board trusts by economical management, o sufficient foi' the accomplishment of the objects specified. Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent of Education be requested to transmit a coj- ■ iie foregoing Resolution to the Provincial Secretary, to be laid before the Governor Ge ' "■il-in- Council, and that the Chief Superintendent press , , a the consideration of theGcvi ~ uiontthe great importance of complying with the applicatio, • * ihe Board, and point out t\ , iacon- venience at present existing. Thd Bo&iHl iiaving taken into consideration the unsuitableness and inconvenuavwc Temperance Hall premises (on Temperance Street) for conducting the Lectures and Kk!? the Normal School, and the many disadvantages attending the continuance of the Institu * These Begrulationg are printed on pages 252, 263 of the EiRhth Volume of this Documentary History. of the .la* <* of !<.u, in Chap. XII. PROCEEDINGS OF THE PROVINCIAL BOARD OF EDUCATION. 157 r HI that Building during bhe Summer season, and being of opinion, after mature consideration, that a change may be advantageously made in the time of commencing and closing the Sessions of the Normal School, it was, therefore.— Ordered, That the Vacation following the ptesent Session shall be prolonged until the first of September next, and that the Session commencing at that time, shall continue durine the ensuing nine months, and until the end of May, 1851. The Board assuming that Teacher's Institutes are about to be established according to law. It WflSj—— Ordered, That the Masters of the Normal School be authorized to employ about three raonths, between the middle of May and September next, in atttuding and conducting Teachers' loHtitutes, or Associations, in the Counties of Upper Canada :— each Master to be accompanied rnd aided by a Student of the Normal School,— according to such Regulations and Instructions .1 ^ shall be prepared by the Chief Superintendent of Education. . 7*® ?°"^ '^^'''K anxious to adopt such measures as appear best calculated to render the training of the Normal School as thorough as possible, and thus to diffuse its advantages over every County in Upper Canada, as equally and as widely as possible, adopt the following Re«u. lations in regard to the duration of the future Sessions of the Normal School ; and the mode and terms of admitting and facilitating the attendance of Students at that Institution :— 1. There shall be, during each twelve months, one Session, of the Normal School, which shall com- mence on the First day of September, and close on the last week in the May following, 2. No male Student shall be admitted under eighteen years of age, nor a female Student under the age of sixteen years; nor unless, in addition to the qualifications heretofore specified for admission (namely to read and write intelligibly and understand the simple rules of Arithmetic,) each. Student be acquainted with the Elements of Geography and English Grammar.* * t \7^^ weekly aid of five shillings, heretofore allowed by the Board to each approved Student, to facilitate his, (or her), attendance at the Normal School, shall be extended hereafter, to a period of nine months, but under the following Regulations : First- Such Students shall be admitted from the several Counties and Representative Cities and iowns of Upper Canada in proportion to the number of RepresenUtives in the Legislative Assembly, namely three for every County Member, and two for every Member of a City and Town. The Town- ship Superintendents of Common Schools are requested to meet not later than the first Tuesday in August, (at least to the number of three,) at 10 o'clock A. M. in the County Town, to examine can- didates for admission to the Normal School during the ensuing Session, in accordance with the Terms or Admission prescribed by this Board in 1847,t recommend such as they shall judge qualified for admission and worthy of the facilities of attendance afforded bv this Board, -arranging such approved Candidates in the order of merit, inserting the names of whom they recommend, (how many soever there may be), and forthwith transmitting their names to the Chief Superintendent of Education Second. Should any County, City, or Representative Town, not avail itself of the facilities here ottered, a sufficeit number of approved Candidates will be admitted from other places, beyond the Pi'i2?*''^'°j°*^^"**''*"'''®® ^^^''^ specified, and should the complement of one hundred and twenty, n j-j ^® "°* *^^"^ recommended, the Board would receive a sufficient number of approved Candidates, on examination, as heretofore, at the commencement of the Session. Ordered, That the foregoing Resolutioa is not to limit the number of Teachers-in-training to be admitted on their personal application, (duly recommended,) to the Normal School, to free tuition and the use of Text Books, but without the addition of any allowance for board and lodcing for the session. " " Ordered, That, in future no private pupils be received into the Normal School, but that the In- stitution be confined exclusively, to the instruction of Teachers-in-training, under the regulations al- ready established, and that the rules applicable to paid, or private, pupils, adopted in 1847.± be here- by rescinded. Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent of Education be requested to amend the Regulations for the Normal School, as modified by the foregoing Resolutions, and, when so amended, to get them printed. Every thing in the former Regulations inconsistent with the foregoing Resolutions being hereby rescinded. May the 25th. 1850. The subject of erecting Buildings for the Normal and Model Schools, and the Education Office for Upper Canada having oeen under the consideration of the Board, it was — Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent of Education be pleased to request Mr. F, W. Cumberland, the Architect, to furnish the Board with an estimate of the probable expenses of a Building, similar, in its general features, to the New York State Normal School at Albany. » The former Regulations relating to the Normal School will be found on pages 92, 86. 279 and 282 of the Serentbk Volume of this Documentary Histoiy. ^^ t Printed on paare 92 of the Seventh Volume of this History. t See Page 92 of the Seventh Volume of this J History. • L'll - I %i il rV. 158 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OK EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 UN Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent of Education be authorized to advance, out of the Normal School Fund, the sum of One pound currency per diem, as travelling bxpenses to each of the Masters f '' ,he Normal School, for the actual time, during which they may be engaged in holding Teachers' Institutes in the several Counties of Upper Canada. July ISth, 12th, 1850. A Communication from Mr. F. W. Cumberland, A rchitect, was laid before the Board, estimating the expense of erecting a Normal School Building, similar to the one at Albany, State of New York, at Six Thousand pounds, (£6,000,) and offering some sug- gestions on the subject. The subject of the erection of suitable buildings for the Normal and Model Schools having been again brought under the notice of the Board, and, as upon further consideration, it was deemed advisable to modify, in some measure, the views entertained in passing the Order, or Resolution of the 12th of April last, so as to afford accommodation in the proposed Building for a Female, as well as Male, Model School, Education Offices, and School of Art and Design,— keeping in view also the prospective advancement of the Country in population and Educa- tional interests, it was considered, in the absence of any definite information, that, in order to accomplish these objects, and to furnish the Buildings, enclose the Grounds, and meet other contingent expenses, exclusive of the cost of the Site, the sum of Ten Thousand pounds, (£10,- 000,) in all probability, would be requisite ;~and that the Chief Superintendent of Education be, therefore, authorized to transmit to the Executive Government a copy of this Minute, urging it upon the most favourable oonsiderati3n and immediate attention of the Government. The question of a suitable Site for the erection of the contemplated Normal Institution having been discussed, and information given that a square of six and a half acres, situated on King Street, South of the Hospital Block, beloneing to Mr. Andrew Mercer, was for sale, and although the value set upon it was Ten Thousand pounds. (£10,000), yet the proprietor would be willing to dispose of it for the sum of Eight Thousand p >unds, (£8,000,) in view of the pro- posed object, it was considered that in the event of no suitable and convenient Site being in possession of the Government, and as the square alluded to would serve the purpose of illustrat- ing the course of instruction in Agricultural Chemistry, and afford grounds for a Botanical Garden, the Chief Superintendent of Education should bring the matter before the Executive Government, in connexion with the application for a grant for the proposed Buildings. The Provincial Boabd op Education meroed into the Council op Public Instruction POR Upper Canada, 1860. JyXy S7th, 1850. The enlarged Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada, appointed by His Excellency the Governor General this day, and summoned by the Chief Superintendent of Education for Upper Canada, under the authority of the 37th Section of the new Common School Act of 1850, 13th and 14th Victoria, Chapter 48, met this morning at 10 o'clock. The following are the Members of this newly appointed Council of Public Instruction :— The Reverend Egerton Ryerson, D.D., LL.D. The Right Reverend Francois Marie do Charbonnel, D.D. The Reverend Henry James Grasett, M.A. The Honorable Samuel Bealey Harrison, Q.C. Hugh Soobie, Esquire. Joseph Curran Morrison, Esquire. James Scott Howard, Esquire. The Reverend John Jennings, D.D. The Reverend Adam Lillie, D.D. On the motion of the Chief Superintendent of Education, seconded by the Reverend Henry James Grasett, M.A., the Honourable Samuel Bealey Harrison, Q.C. was appointed Chair- man of the Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada. Ordered, That all Regulations, Appointments, Agreements and Orders made by late Board of Education for Upper Canada, be. and are hereby confirmed, until rescinded, or modified, by this Council. The Chief Superintendent of Education, submitted a copy of the new Regulations for the organization. Government and Discipline of Common Schools in Upper Canada, for the consider- ation of the Members of the Council. The Chief Superintendent of Education submitted the following Letter, which he had received from the Honourable Francis Hincks, in regard to the proposed Site of the Normal School and Education Department : — 1 have heard.that the late Mr. Alexander Wood'sTwenty -six acres on Yonge Street are to be sold, and that they can begot for very low terms, for a Normal School Site. I would advise you not to lose any t!me m looking aft«r them. Mr. Grookshank ia the agent ; hr.t he has emplojed Mr. Hagarty, aud thev have been valued at One Hundred pounds, (£100,) per acre, which is not half its value. They will likelv be bought at once : and I think for a public purpose a preference should be given to them, I am told the land is good. Toronto, 22nd July, 1850. : , Francis Hincks. 1850 Chap. XII. . PROCEEDINGS OF THE PROVINCIAL BOARD OP EDUCATION. 159 _^ July 29th, 1850. The General Regulations for the Organization and Government of Common Schools in Upper Canada, submitted by the Chief Superintendent of Education at th« last Meetmg of the Council of Public Instruction were discussed, and the further consideration of them postponed until the next meeting. .4«j>iM< 5th, 1850. Ordered, That the Recording Clerk prepare a copy of all Standing Rules, or Orders, passed by the late Board of Education and submit it for the inspection of the Council, in order that it may judge what alterations, or Amendments may with propriety be e£fected therein. x- r- .^ Ordered, That the General Regulations for the Government of Common Schools, now sub- mitted and amended, be adopted and furnished, in conformity with the Common School Act of 1850, 13th and 14th Victoria, Chapter 48, Section 36 and 38 Clause Four. (They are printed in a separate Chapter of this "Volume) Aw))ist 8th, 1850. The Chief Superintendent of Education having brought before the Council the recommendatory clause of the General Regulations and Instructions, (Section Five, Number I,) adopted at the last Meeting of the Jouncii, relating to the employment of Teachers by Trustees, qualified to lead the Devotional Exercises of the Schools, and their opening them by Prayer and the reading the Scriptures, it was, on due consideration, considered expedient to omit that Clause for the present. With a view to carrying into immediate eflFect the provisions of the Second and Third Sec- tions of the Thirty-eighth Section of the new School Act of 1850, in reference to procuring Plans and Specifications for the erection of the Normal and Model Schools, and Education Uttices, and also purchasing a Site for such erection, it was,— Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent of Education and Mr. James S. Howard and the Reverend John Jennings be a sub-committee to make the necessary inquiries, reportinc the'eon to the Council at its next meeting. To this Sub-Committee was referred the Letter of the Honourable Francis Hincks of the 22nd ultimo, on the subject of the Wood's property. August 20th, 1850. The Sub-Committee of inquiry regarding Sites for the Normal School and Education Office Premises, appointed at the last Meeting of the Council, reported the follow- ing places and prises of property visited by them, videlicet : — Prick. 1. Mr. Sherifif Jarvis, Rosedale Property, containing 100 acres and fiuildings. . . , . . . £15,000 2. Caer Howell, West of the College Avenue, six acres 4 qqO 3. Mr.. James McCutcheon, Agent for the Honourable Peter McGill, Montreal, 7i Acres, bounded on the North by Gerrard Street, on the South by Gould Street, and on the West by Victoria Street, and on the East. by Church Street 6,000 4. Mr. Thomas Ewart, 6^ Acres on Jarvis Street, North 3,S00 5. Mr. Andrew Mercer, Six acres on King Street West,, opposite the Toronto Hospital 8,000 . 6. Mr. Alexander Wood, Twenty-Six Acres on Yohge Street, at (£25), One Hundred dollars an acre g qqq The Council having received the foregoing Report of the Sub-Committee, relative to the pirocuring of a Site for the Normal and Model School and Education Office Premises it was,— Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent of Education be authorized to offer to Mr. James McCutcheon the sum of Four thousand, five hundred pounds, (£4.500,) Halifax currency, tor the Square described in the Schedule as number three, bounded by Gerrard, Goold, Victoria ahd Church Streets in the City of Toronto ; and, in case of refusal on the part of Mr. McCut- cheon, to confer with the Honourable Peter McGill of Montreal,, and report to the Council the result of such conference.* The Report of the Chief 'SupMintendent of Education on behalf of the Sub-Committee appointed at the last ineeting of the Council, on the subject of Designs for the new Normal and Model School Premises, having been laid before the Council and considered, the Gounoir directed. that the following notice be inserted twice in the British Colonist and The Globe news- papers, Toronto, and in the AfwifreaZ Case^fe : The Council, of Public Instruction for Upper Canada, is prepared to receivte Plans and Designs' fof the newTrovincial Normal School,' with Model Schools atbaohed, and Education Olfices, to be erected m the City of Toronto, on a-Square of not leSs thftn Six Acres of Ground, ahd in accordance with the subiomed Memorandum, videlicit :-^ , . .1 ut i^f ^Before making this offfer to Mr. McCutcheon, Doctor Ryeraort asked me to accompany him in taking a walk over the , lot, so as to enable hmi to make Aif. hiejliind fully ori the desirability . »^ I : .' \"\ '■-swmm if 160 DOrUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER OANADA. 1650 Memorandum: The l>eaigiia to coniitt of Plans, Klevations and Section-^, of such number, and to such a scale, as may Ije thought neceosary for the full delineation of the w< rk. The l>)ading features of the aocomnuxlation re Thudding. The total cost, including Apparatus for Warmi v; anu V>»' Elating, the Fenoing, Draining, Entrance Gates and Roads, and all expenses connect . with th) oorapletioii of the Building lit for use, not to exceed £8,000. The Architect, whose Design shall be adopted .11 be engaged to superintend the erection of tho structure and work, and the Council is prepared l.j iiward the K)llowing premiums to the authors of other Designs of merit, videlicet : — For the second best design £50. For the third best Design £30. For the fourth best Design £20. Each Design must be accompanied by an Explanatory Report and j'..5timate, and by SpecUications of the proposed work. The Designs to bo delivered at the Office of the Chief Superintendent of Edu- cation, Toronto, on, or before, Monday, th', 23rd day of September next, at ten o clock, A.M., — After which no design will be received. Any further particulars desired, m;t> he obtained at the Education OflSce, Toronto. By Order of the Council of Public instruction for Upper Canada. ToKONTO, April 2l8t, 1850. J. Geokue Hodoins, Recording Clerk. .. The Chief Superintendent of Education having laid on the Table Letters from the Irish National Board of Education, recommendatory of Mr. Patrick Walah, in connection with hia desire to be employed as a Teacher of Hullah's System of Vocal Music in the Normal and Model Schools, it was, — Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent be authorized to engage the said Patrick Walsh, on trial, commencing with the next Session of the Normal School, at the rate of One pound per week, while engaged in teaching. Ordered, That the Chief Superintendei't of Education be authorized t< make the necessary arrangements with the Commiti.ee of the Teu.peranco Society for renting the Temperance Hall for the exercise of the Normal School, during th? next Session, and to ha ve the necessary fit- tings executed. September ^th, 1850. The following Communif'ations were laid before the Cou? ■! : From Mr. James McCutoheon. dated the 2lBt. of Augu t, stating thdi the «fier of the Council of Public Instruction for the site of the Normal School would hi. iafeirtKi to the Honourable Peter McGill Montreal for consideration. From Mr. James McCutchoon, Agent for thf Tonourabk Pete' IcGill, dp' id the 31st of August, stating that the offer of the Council of Pub; ostru^jon for ^ .ar Thous.. .id Five Hun- dred pounds, (£4,600,) for the site of the proposed Mormal School would be accepted, condi- tional upon giving the Honourable Peter McGill one year from the Slst of August, 1860, to remove the houses erected on it. It was then, — Ordered, That the Honourable Peter McGill's terms be accepteu, and that M.-i. Joseph Curran Morrison, M. P. P., be requested to wait upon the Honourable Robert Bald fui, Attorney-General (West,) for the purpose of making arrangements to havp tho title for the site of the Normal and Model Schools and Education Offices Itemises, veste" oi thu Grown. A nuoiber of the former students of the Normal School ha' apr ed to be admitted on equal terras with those being now admitted it was, — Oi-dered, That, including the five months allowance of week; lid -mdj granted, assist- ance for an entire Session of niro months be allowed to any ot the former Students < f *^he Normal School, who may ?•, ly tor admission, and who may be received therein Ordered, That the course of Instruction and Lectures in the Normal School be considered and definitely fixed ; and that a Syllabus thereof, stating the hours and subjects of lectures and including the Time Table of the Model School be prepared and printed. Ttkv «jni6i oupaiiutendunt of iiAtuoatiuii, /.(»■ viug purohatMHi, (during i;ho recent tour in the United States an official business connected with Common School Libraries), some very super- ior Apparatus, The Council deem it advinable to procure the same for the Normal and Model Sdioois, at a cost of £?S,6,0. be 1650 Chap. XII. IMIOOEKDINQS OF THE COUNCIL OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION, 1850. 161 September :4Jfth 1850. The Letter of the Ohxf' iperintendent of Education to the H(»nour- able James Leslie, Kticretnry of the Province, da the 20th instant, and retjuesMng the iflsue of Debentures for the full amount of the Fifteen usand pounds (£16,(XK)) granted by Act of I'arliatnent, last .s(!(^mon, for procuring a Site anci recting Buildings for the proposed N< 1 it is intended to give out the Contract for their erection in the course of a fortnight, with . view of having the materials for the foundation procured before the close of navigation, much of the wood work done during the Winter and the structure completed by the Ist of next August, 185L By giving out the Contract at this season of the year, it is believed that the Buildings will be erected cheaper than if commenced at any other season of the year. Toronto, 20th September, 1850. Eoerton Ryerson. r • , The Plans, Specifications, Explai, itory Reports, and Estimates of the following Architects for a Noiinal and Model Schools and Educaf ■ n Offices were received and opened for the inspec- tion and consideration of the Council, videl , : — Messieurs Williaui Thomas; Cumberland and Ridoat; Thomas Young; John TuUy and David Clyde, T (ronto ; Mr George Browne of Montreal. The CouT'cil, having carefully examined the Plans and Explanatory Reports of the fore- going Architects, in connexion with the objects and character of the proposed Institution, as spocitied in the advertisement Notice on pages 159, 160 it was, — Ordered, That the Plans of the interior arrangements of the proposed Normal School Build- ing iirnished by Messieurs Cumberland and Ridout, together with either of the Elizabethan, or Roman. Doric Designn submitted, be selected, provided the works can be finished for the sum montio. I in tli< Estimate given in by those Gentlemen, (£7,860). It wa» also further, — Ordcnd, Thai tht premium of Fifty pounds for the second-best design be awarded to Mr. George Bro>' ne ui Montreal ; the premium of Thirty pounds for the Third best design to Mr. William ""' oas of Toronto : the premium of Twenty pounds for the Fourth best design to Mr. Thomas uut, of "(ronti and that, in consideration of the excellence of the Design furnished of T< onto that a premium of Twelve pounds, ten phillings fo' the Fifth 'dtoMl Tully. he Chief Superintendent of Education reported, in reference to he Fifteen Thousand pounds, (£15,000), granted by the Legisla- ture for pi icuring a 8ite and erecting Buildings for the Normal and Model Schools and Educa- tion < tfices, that tlie Inspector Generil had disposed of Seven Thousand Five hundred pounds, (£7,5DO,) worth of the Debentures, and th >t that sum was at the disposal of the Council, it was, — Ordered, That the Chief Superintei ,. nt be authorized to apply ae Government, in the terms* of the "Supply Act" of last Session, 'or the proceeds of the Dei^ature" ' )ady converted into cash ; and also for the balance of th« h tteen Thousand pounds, (£15,0 0, in Debentures, and nuke such arrangements, as may appeiu most advantageous to him, to place the entire sum at interest in one of tue Banks. Ordered, That the Roman, Doric, (or Palladian,) Elevation submitted by Messieurs Cum- berland and Rid' Jt be adopted as the Archit ctural style of t' ; proposed Noi nal School and Education Office L jilding ; and that the CI f buperintendent > Education and Mr. ' mes Scott Howard, be appointed a Subcommittee lu i; afer with the Architects, and determine ^ th them, upon the enlargement of i ao Lecture Rooms in the Normal School, and upon ertain other alter- ations in the details of ' iie Buildings. The Council, having taken in consii ation the a'1diti< ters f the Model School, in consequenc of -he h reased 300), for which provision was made n t 22nd day of May, tioii :.,-r -^ ppsr Canada,* it was, — Ordered, That the salary of Mr. vrchibald McCallum, the Senior Master of the Model School, bo iicreased from One Hundred pou 1h, (£100), per ais am to One Huii'lred and twenty -five by Mr ohn Tu' best Design, be a September .''dh, the issue of Debentures d duties devolving u})on the Mas- ndanoe of Students, (from 150 to i849, by the late Board of Educa- lf<: ■i See page 2.">.'> of the Eighttj Volume of this Documentary H\> ory. 11 D.E. m h'*; 16S nOCUMENTARY HFSTORY OF EDUCATION IN Ul'I'ER CANADA. H 1850 fxiunds, {£'125,) per Hiinum, and of Mr. John H. Ssngator, the AuiatAnt MAHtur, from f^eumty- ive pound* per annum (£7*),) to Ono Hundred pounds, (£100,) per annum,— the incre»He of Salary to oommenoe on the first day of October, One Thousand, Eight hundred and Fifty, (I860 ) Oi-toher Id, 1850. There being no quorum present, no business was transacted. October Snl, 1850. Ordered, That the modified plan of the internal arranK^vaents of the Normal School, prepared and now submitted by the Architects, (M«)Hsieurs Ournborland and llidout,) he adopted, and, that those Gentlemen be instructed to prepare forthwith Working Drawin((s l the Building, and take the necessary steps to procure Tenders for its erection; — which Tenders are to be sent iu to the Educaton Ofiice. Ordered, That the Normal and Model School and Education Office Building be erected on the Square purchased from the Honourable Peter McOill, with itn front elevation to the South facing the Bay ; and that the Building be placed at s th line. Ordered, That, if agreeable to theOovernment, Warrants for the Fifteen Thou8*nd pounds, (£16,000), granted by the Legislature to procure a Site and erect Buildings for a Norm;i,l and Model School and Education Office, be made out in the name of the Cashier of the Bank of Upper Canada, and, when received by him, placed in that Bank to the credit of the Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada. — such moneys to be checked out, from time to time, by cheques signed by the Chief Su()erintend nt of Education, under the order of (he Council, and that the Chief Superintendent communicate this Order to the Government, and to the Bank of Upper Canada. Ordered, That the Chief Superintendent of Education be authorized to pay the premiums awarded by the Council to the successful competing Architects for the Plans of the Education Buildings, as soon as the money is placed in the Bank of Upper Canada, and at the disposal of the Council. The Chief Superintendent of Education, having intimxted that he was about to visit Europe, on business connected with School Libraries, the Council deem it advisable tu place at nis disposal the sum of One Hundred and Fifty, (£160,) to Two hundred pounds, (£200,) to be expend- ed in School Apparatus, Maps, or Models, for the >!>, for the procuring of a Site and the erection of Buildings for h Normal and Model School and Education Offices, having been •ubnii ted to the Council, it wbh, — (hilered, Thit the Deputy Superintendent of Education cum municate with the Qovernnient, and rei)uest a Warrant to issue, in favour of the Cashier of the Rank of Upper Canada, for Seven Thousand Five hundred pounds (£7,(iOO), the amount of the Debentures already negotiated for the purpose contemplated, as intimated to thin Council on the 26th ultimo ; (page Itil.) The Memorial of Messieurs Robert and Adam Miller, of Montreal, under date of the 6th of October, 1860, was laid before the Counoil, announcing their intention to publish the School Books, issued by the Commissioners of National Education in Ireland, ana being desirous of juest permission to use the words " Author- was. — promoting their circulation in Western Canada, reciues ized by the Board of Educatitm for Upper Canada,' it Ordered, That the required prjrmission be granted to those Gentlemen, upon the conditions which they have proposed, and that the Deputy Superintendent of Education communicate this Order to the Messieurs Miller, substituting the words r ''Authorized by the Council of Pub- he Instruction for Upper Canada," for: "Authorized by the Board of Education for Upper Canada." November 15th 1850. A Letter was read from the Honourable Robert Baldwin, the At- torney General, Wesi, dated t!\e 26th ultimo, stating that he had been in communication with the Hon« urable Peter McOill's Solicitor on the subject of the title to the new Normal School and Education Premises, and that he had reported to the Honourable Sir Francis Hincks, In- spector General, thereon. + A Ijetter from Miss A. M. Wallace, Woodstock, dated the 11th instant, was read, also an application by the Honourable Francis Hincks, on behalf of a young Woman, requesting thafc she be admitted to the Normal School. The Deputy Superintendent of Education laid before the Council a Document drawn up by the Masters of the Normal School, containing a »ketih of the Course of Instruction pursued in the Normal School and also a Syllabus of the hours and subjects of Lecture. Ordered, I'hat Miss A. M. Wallace, of Woodstock be admitted for the remainder of the Session, provided that, upon examination, she be deemed qualified to enter the advanced classes of the In I itution ; also, that the young Woman, on whose behalf the Honourable Mr. Hincks, had applied, be received upon the name conditions. Novembi r 18th, 1850. The following Communications were laid before the Board : — (1) From the Honourable Francis Hincks, Inspector Genera', authorizing the Chief Super- intendent, upon the delivery of the Deed of the Normal School and Education Offices Site, to pay to the Honourable Peter McGill or his Attorney, the consideration money of Four Thou- sand Five hundrt'd pounds, (£4.500,) the sum named in the Deed of Surrender of this Property to the Crown by the Honourable Mr. McGill. (2) From Messieurs Cumberland and Ridout, Architects, dated the 18th instant, explaining the cause of delay in giving notice for Tenders for the erection of the Normal School and Education Office Building. The Deed surrendering the Site of the new Normal and Model Schools, and Education Offices, to the Crown, with the DocumentK relating thereto, together with the Letters of the Attorney and Inspector General, approving of the same, having been submitted to Council, ib was, — Ordered, That payment of the consideration money named in the Deed, amounting to Four Thousand Five hundred pounds, currency, (£4,500,) be made by the Deputy Superintendent of Schools to Mr James McCutcheon Agent of the Honourable Peter McGill of Slontreal. on the Power uf- Attorney given to Mr. McCutcheon by Mr. McGill, and h<\nded in by Mr. * These Standing Bules and Orders, being local, and somewhat temporary in their character, are not inserted in this > uluint:. t In a private Letter to Doctor Rye:son, then in England, dated the Slat o( October, 1850, I said :— iiute of the Council referring to the title of the Normal School Site to the Honourable Mr. V ished to have some official intimation of the wishes of the Council on the subject. He " I have i*ent a cop,\ .>t thi Baldwin, as I understood that replied, stating that he had bi n '.ii communication with had reported to the Inspector General thereon 'r^fl i • tl Mr. Clarke Gamble, the Honourable Mr. ^McGill'd Solicitor, and ( i 164 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 MoCutcheon to the Council ; — and the Deputy Superintendent of Schools take the necessary steps for the County and Provincial Registry and safe custody of the Deed * The following Letter was sent, with the " Deed of Surrender," to the Assirtant Provincial Secretary : — I have the honour to transmit herewith, for record to the Provincial Register's Office, a Deed of Surrender from the Honourable Peter McGill of Montreal to Her Majesty the Queen, of the property recently purchased by the Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada ; for a Site of the Normal and Model Schools and Education Office. The consideration money specified in the Instrument was Four Thousand five hundred pounds, (£4,500). It has been paid by me, as authorized by the Council, and the Deed has been recorded in the Office of the Registrar of the County of Y ork. ToBONTO, 22nd November, 1850. J. George Hodoins, Deputy Superintendent of Education. Derember, 4th, 1850. The following Communications were laid before the Council :— From the Honourable James Leslie, Provincial Secretary, acknowledging the receipt of the Deed of Surrender of the Normal and Model Schools and Education ; also from sundry persons, asking the permission of the Council to use Olney's Geography and Adam's Arithmetic. The Architects, Messieurs Cumberland and Ridout, submitted the Working Drawings of the New Education Building, as improved and enlarged. A discussion having taken place as to the advantages of an extension of time, for the finishing of the work, in was, — Ordered That the tollowing advertisement for Building Tenders be inserted in The Britislt Colonist and The Globe, Toronto The Spectatm; Hamilton, and The Pilot, Montreal, and that the whole Building be completed by the first of December, 1851. Tenders for Building the New Normal and Model Schools and Education Office Toronto. Tenders are reciuired for eieuting the new Education Building in the City of Toronto, in accord- ance with certain Plans and Specifications prepared by Messieurs CuniberlamJ and Ridout, Architects, to be seen at their Offices on and after the first day of January, next. Sealed Tenders, endorsed, " Tenders for Normal and Model Schools, and Education Office," addressed to Mr. J. George Hodgits, Deputy Superintendent of Education, to be delivered at the Education Office. Toronto, on, or before, the 15th day of January, 1831, at 10, o'Clock A. M. after which no Tender will be received. The Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada will not be pledged to accept the lowest Tender, unless it is in all other respects satisfactory. Toronto 4th of December, 1850. J. (rEORfiE Hodoins, Deputy Superintendent of Education. Ordered, That the Students of previous Sessions of the Normal School, applying for admission during the present Session, shall be received and allowed five shillings per wsk, until the end of the Session, provided that, upon examination, they be found qualified to take their place in the classes of the Institution formed last September. Ordered, That from the 24th December, 1830, until the 2nd of January, 1851, be allowed as a Vacation in the Normal School, and that the Students have their usual weekly payment continued for that period, * In my Letter to Doctor Kyerson, tlu'ii in Knjfland. dated the 2l8t of November, IS.W, T said. — "The arranneinents with Mr. McCntcheon as to the Site lias heeii com]ileted. He called a few days ai;o, and I went np with him to the Office of thi: Inspector General, to see if all was riifht. Mr. Hineks examined the Deed, which was made ont to Her Majesty, as I had KiiKSested, He pronounced everything; correct. The Attorney General had alrea-• ff7-ir».iv..!, 'j-.^j — rai. iisvi-atsc ui oc ; ill n.ig"or;i, -.nji an incroasG or uiO , lu Ueometry, Oitj — an increase of 449 ; in the Elements of Natural Philosophy 2,551— an increase of 2,116 ; in Vocal Music, 5,745 -an increase of 4,663 ; in Linear Drawing 1,176— an increase of 838. The increase under these several heads illustrates very clearly the progress of the Schools. Several of the Branches last mentioned, are, to a great extent, the creation of the Normal School. 1 Text of SUl succe mend the r pupil tiona intro unifo be ad incre 1 1850 Devo alwa^ their accor Gove with senti Tabl year that of w train an ii Pres Bapt mine testa decr( has 1 faith conti secta noth year, year Towi been is ai Thei ti Sphoo excesi 1850 Chap. XIII. THE CHIEF superintendent's school report for 1850. 167 V. Thk Text Books used in The Schools. In my Itist Annual Report, I discussed at some length the question of an uniform series of Text ttooks for Schools, and the advantages which were already resulting from the introduction of such a series in Upper Canada.* Table C presents a new and most striking illustration of the success of this important branch of our School System. It will be seen that the Books recom- mended by the Council of Public Instruction are gradually superseding all others. In respect to the Readers, to which most importance has been attached, (as they facilitate the classification of pupils,) it is worthy of romirk, that, of the 3.059 Schools reported in Upper Canada, the Na- tional Readers are used in 2,593 ; an increase of 411 Schools into which the use of them has been introduced during the year. When the pupils can thus be formed into classes, by the use of uniform Text Books, the 'simultaneous method," or the method of "teaching by c'asses" can be adopted, and, appears from Table C, that this method prevails in 2,783 Schools — being an increase of 298 Schools during the year. In regard to Religious Instruction, and the use of Religious Books in Schools, the law of 1850 provides, (Section XIV), that : " No pupil shall be required to read, or study, from any Religious Book, or join in any Exercise of Devotion, or Religion, which shall be objected to by his, or her, parents, or guardians : Provided always, that, within this limitation, pupils shall be allowed to receive such Religious Instruction as their parents, or guardians, shall detire, according to the General Regulations whicli shall be provided according to law." In the spirit of this provision have Regulations been made for the Constitution and Government of Schools, in respect to Religious Instruction, t the effect of which is, interference with the rights and scruples of none, but making the Schools a reflection of the Religious sentiments and feelings of the people, among whom they are established. It appears from Table C that the Bible is used in 2,067 Schools — being an increase of 231 Schools during the year ; a fact which sufficiently refutes the wrongful mis-statement that has sometimes been made, that " Christianity is not recognized in our School System." !,! V 5 ; VI. Number and Classification ok Common School Teachers. From Table D, it appears that, during the year, there were employed in all, 3,476 Teachers, of whom 2,697 were males, and 779 females -,1 that 291 of the Teachers employed had beu. trained at the Normal School— 243 males and 48 females § As to the Religious faith of the Teac'.iers, there were employed 796 Episcopalians. — being an increase over the preceding year of 59 ; Roman Catholics, 390 — being an increase of 55 ; Presbyterians, 858, — being an increase of 107 ; Methodists, 904, — being an increase of 177 ; Baptists, 238, — being an increase of 32 ; Congregationalists, 73, —being an increase of 21 ; three minor Religious Persuations named, 66, — being ftn increase of 41 ; reported simply as "Pro- testants," 54, — being an increase of 21 ; other persuasions and those not reported, 87, — being a decrease of 246 . . . I make these special references, as the best refutation of a very unjust statement, which has been made, that, in our System of Public Instruction, no account is taken of the Religious faith of Teachers, or whether they profess any Religiouf! faith, or not. Table D practically contradicts this s' acement, at the same time, that it shows our School System to be free from sectarian supremacy, or partiality. The Returns, under the head of Certificates of Qualification given to Teachers, contain nothing worthy of special remark, as the old Certificates were porpetuated until the end of the year, and the new Boards of Exauiiners were not constituted until near the close of the year 1850. VII. Salaries ov Teachers and Classification of the Schools. Table D shows the average salaries of Teachers in each of the Counties. Townships, Cities, Towns and Villages in Upper Canada. According to the manner in which the Returns have been made up, there appears a small decrease in the average salaries of Teachers, though there is an increase in the aggregate amount of money available for the purpose of these salaries. There was, however, a consirteraWe increase in the number of Schools kept open during the *See paces 274-276 of the Eig'ith Voluu-u of t))is l>ooumeiitary History. tThe RfBulatioiis are given in another Chapter of this Volume. tin IfKKi, fifty years after this Report was written, tlii» rp!:ui\e proportion of male and female teachers employed in the Schools of the Province was mora ihan reversed,— the numbe encouraged and recommended Ample grounds «l»ould 1^ reserved by the inhabitants of school .Ustricts for this purpose ; and, whi e every reasonable facdity shoiild be afforded for that bracing and invigorating exercise of the physical fa-ulties, which is essential to he healthful development of the human system, provision should, at the same time, be afforded for the cultivation of those higher faculties of our nature which have reference to the beautiful, the tasteful and the ornamental. Trees, Flowers, Vines and Evergreens should hnd their appropriate places in the vicinity of every School House, demanding the care and repaying the attention of both Teachei and pupils. The influence thus capable of being exerted on the expanding mind of childhood cannot be otherwise than beneficial, while the associations connected with the work of primary education will be divested of much of their present repulsiveness."* XI. School Visits, Examinations and School Lectubes. Table F shows the number of school Visits which have been made during the ye»\r by the diflferent classes of Visitors authorized by law. As many Clergymen have been appointed Local Superintendents, their visits are, of course, included under the latter head. There is, therefore, a small decrease under the head of Visits by Clerymen, as also by Magistrates ; but an increase of 256 in the number of visits by Municipal Councillors, and of 2,85o in the Visits of Local Superintendents,— the whole number of whose Visits duiing the year was 5,852. These Visits are the more important, and the large increase of them the more gratifying, as they are strictly Official Visits of school inspection, -one of the most irppoitant departments m an efecient School System. The whole number of School Visits mad^ ' -ring the year amounted to I8,dl8,— being an increase of 2,529 over those of the pre-eding > r.r. The interest awakened, and the moral influence brought to bear, by means of these visits m behalf of the Schools, tannot be over estimated. Two other agencies have been created, and are reported for the first time, for the improve- mentof the Schools, and the advancement of education,- that is public Quarterly School Examinations, and Public Lectures on Education, at least once a year, in each School e-ection by Local Superintendents. The number of Public School Examinations reported in 18c<>, is 4,527 ; the number of Public School Lectures during the year reported was 2,11«. XII. School Maps, Blackboarhs, Globes and other Apparatus. Table F shows that lai^e Maps are hung up in 1,814 of the Schools,— being an increase during the year of 729 ; that Blackboards are used in 1,649 Schools, being an increase of dl9 ; that Globes and other Apparatus have been introduced into 1«8 Schools, —being an increase ot 119 during the year. The introduction of such improvemputs in the Schools aflords most grati- ivina and satisfactory proof of their progress, and of th. diffusion of just notions as to their requisites and character. The present School Act of 1850 provides greatly increased facilities for furnishing School Houses in such manner as the Trustees shall deem expedient. XIII. Libraries, Collegss, Grammar and Private Schools. Table F contains what information could be obtained under these heads. The Returns, from which these statistics have been compiled, are voluntary : ciaey may not be very accurate, but are perhaps sufficiently so to give a pretty correct view of the number and operations of these Institutions. It is pleasing to remark that, in the seveial kinds of libraries mentioned, there are 96,165 volumes reported, being an increase during the year of 2,859 volumes. XIV. The Normal and Model Schools for Upper Canada. Tables G and H present a statistical view of the receipts, expenditures, and attendance of students and pupils at the Normal and Model Schools. It will be seen that the number of Students attending the Normal School during the last session, is about 50 less than the preced- ing session This has arisen from two causes : First, the Council of Pubhc Instruction pro- posed last year to place the pceser.tation of candidates for the Normal School in tha hands ot the several Counties, throufb incal Boards of Examiners ; -three Candidates to be presented for every Member elected to thj leaisbvtive Assembly. In some ineiances, there were no meetings of Boards of Examiners, ;.ti,<. :. many instances, persons wishin? to become Candidates were uniformed as to the time an 1 places of such meetings, and supposing that they could not be ad- mitted to the Normal School, except on the recommendation of a County Board of Exarniners, did not make any direct application to this Department ; Serondly, the system which had here- tofore obtained of two Sessions of the Normal Scho<.l in each year of live months ea^h was ohanfffld to that of having but one Session of nine months' duration. Many who could attord the time "and means of attending one Session of five months, or of attenuiii« at iiitervais two such Sessions, wore found to be unable to attend one protracted Session of nine months. -Thf late intrmlnctioi7o( " Arl.or Day ", has in C«.ada, as in the United States, largely contributed to brinii about the state of thintfs here described as most denirable. 170 , 4 u% DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 isfaoSrv /nH li f «n^ thuds Of promoting the efficiency of the Normal School has proved sat- iBfactory; and the former system of admitting studonts to the Normal School and of havinl two Sessions of five months each year,-the one beginning the middle of May and ?he other Ihf Sin n.^^^T^'^'.-^t" }' Trr^ '" '"^"'•«- ^ -W °f triaroly reviled term, of admL 8ion into the Normal School will be found in a succeeding Chapter of this Vokme _ The impulse which the Normal School has given to improved methods of teaching and t,. sZe'^'nZdtts"Renort^/'"°J''K";H'''r"^ ^^^ of the Coun^try, is amplj attested b^TheWl Town? H«ml?? ' ""'^ ^^ ^^^ demands for such Teachers from the several Counties and 1 owns, —demands far more numerous than can be supplied. v>uuutioB auu A«, '^^I- ^°™^^ ^f^^^} Programme and Examination Papers, which will be found in the t^T^'Kn''^^^ the necessity of any remarks in this RVport on the^ourse of ""struct on ^b^lS?ast;r^enH3oy:d • ''"' "'•'^' " '^""^' "''' ^^'^^^^'^^^^ energ/and zSTih^ „.. ^""."5 ^^"^ last Session of the Legislature, the sum of Fifteen Thousand pounds ^£16 000 ^ feeding on the n«rt .fhlT -^ ^"" ^""r/" 'f"''^!"^ '"^ ^^^'^ ^^'^ ^^jects of that noble pro- ZiZ in%t%?ul^?:rJ;rJ:'*""-. ' ""'"^ "^^^ '^^^ ^"'"'''^«'^' '^"•^ '^^^ BuMin^slm XV. The Schools in Cities, Towns, and Incorporated Villages. l-^fifH^ "-eferring to the Twenty-first and five following Sections of the School Act of S r i; ■ K ""^ to the Circulars relating to them .... J it will be seen that a new system of r±l 1 T ''^}'^''^'^ ^n *^ ««voral Cities, Towns and Incorporated Vill^^e^ of iTper Canada. As his system cannot be considered as having fairly commenced until the beginSFn^ of the current year, the results of it« introduction do not appear in this Renort Rnt fr »^ what IS indicated in the extracts of the Reports from Cities anTSwns. givenZhe Ap^^^^^^^ and from other sources of information. I have no doubt but that a great^imprivemem will soJu ^ndTn 1' n ^\^ ^"^'i' "^ ^''^l!'"^ Towns-both in the character of the'schoTthemselves and m the attendance of nupils. During the last four years, there has been but one Board of Trustee, for each City ana Town,- whicS has been found to be a great improvement upon th« old mode of having each City and Town divided into a number of separSpetS SchoTsec^ tions, ;,ith as many separate sets of Trustees ; but the members of those Ci y LVd Town Boards of Trustees, having been appointed by the Municipal Councils, and not elected by their felTow citizens, were too powerless and irresponsible to constitute efficient Boards of Trustees IW the provisions of the present Act of 1850 the Trustees in each City and Town are perlodicallv ! solJi: m' '"'"" T"""' 'Yu'^' 1^*^""^" ''"^ ^"™™°» Councilmen are elecX-tly W a soniewhat larger suffrage, -it being household suffrage ; and, as the Aldermen and CouSmen are the representatives of the Cities and Towns and the judges of all oxpenditurL and mlH«.S conned ed with street and other loc^l improvements, so the Trustees aTthe re rr:«:lS;e8Tf Schol ' Rift f*"^"' ^A'^.^.'^' •'"•^8"' °/ •*" expenditures and improvements ' Tneotld with ?nwn M,«^ ' - Tn^ ^^^ .^^P'"'^ of a second class of financial Officers m each City ad Town, the Municipal Corporation is required in each instance t. impose and coifect the snm n^ sums rered by the School Corporation for educational purposT- a sjste^ which has LJ &s Brthr"'' -"''"'^ f ^'^ "^""'^ ^"•^ '''^'' CiLs and' Towns in tlneighL^^^^^^ syt-*:m as^hVveVre;3Vown" ^"""* ^^^ '' ''''' ^"''^^P"™*^^ ^"^«^- ^'^^ ^'-efhe samf Ti ^''"/'c.^'i.^Tm^'^y' '^°'^" *"*^ Incorporated Village in Upper Canada, there is an elective t^^'Jr h /°''"°' ^ ?u '""' ''""^P;^"''"" ^°^ "^« management of the school rnterestrplaced^n their hands as are Aldermen and Common Councilmen for other Municipal interests In mos^ instances, the Municipal Councils have regarded this system in its trJe IghT but there are mstances m which the feeling of habitual indifference a.^ even contempt, in whi^h the office of tufCll'Tr ''? ^''" Y.^' ^^' ^'T^'^^ '^'"^^^ C'^y ^""^ Town CoSilciliors to nuest"on the authority of Trustees, and to oppose their noble efforts to render the Common Schools worthv of the name of Pub'ic Schools. The usual pleas of selfishness have been^-^rti ?o oT sS occasions ; bu I am happy to say that the authority of the Trustee Corporation has been fuTlv sustained by the Judges of the land, In the judgment of every wullmfonn^d indivfdl o ForThT.?^f^- ^^ f " PT'" "!;« ""'^^ ^°^^^^y *^f '■'^P^'^^ t»^«" *ho8e who .re "ho^n to pToviSe for the education of youth; and no corporations deserve higher consideration and ihould be rendered m or e efficient, than those established for th e development of Jhe "^tellect of the •Not inserted.— l)eiiig matters of local interest an " "' '* '»""" '" ^he App«v«x to th. Journal of the House of 1850 Chap. XIII. THE CHIEF superintendent's school report for 1850. 171 et Country, and the advancement of general knowledge. When 8ohool Corporations are invested with proper attributes, and those attribntefj duly recognized and appreciated, the wlecrors of both Towns and Townships will be more cpreful in choosing "select men" to fill up such Cor- porations than to fill up any other Corporations. This is one of the first essential steps towards the improvement of both Town and Country Schools ; as a most serious impediment to their advancement has hitherto been the indifference of the School Municipalities concerned in the election of Trustees, — an indiiferenco which has arisen in a considerable degree from the power- lessnesa of Trustees, when elected. B it now that School Trustee Corporations are clothed with attributes commensurate to the importi nt objects for which they are constituted. I anticipate a rapid improvement in the Schools, and no small improvement in the character of the Corpora- tions themselves. ' The Board of Tru«teea in each City, Town and Incorporated Village, having the charge of all the Schools in such Municipality, is able to establish and classify them in such manner as to meet the wants of all ages and classps of youth. This is done by the establishment of Primary, Intermedia'-e and High Schools In some instances, this system of classification, i r gradation, of Schools has been commenced, by establishing a large Central School (as in Hamilton) under the direction of a Head Master with Assistants, having a Primary and Intermediate, as well as Hiifh School department, — the pupils being promoted from one department to another according to their progress and attainments. In other instances, the same object is pursued by having one High School and Intermediate and Primary Schools in different Buildings and parts of the City, or Town. These Schools can also be male, or female, or mixed, as the Boavd of Trustees may judge expedient. In the last annual School Report of the State of Massachusetts, it is observed : In small Cities, it may often he found more economical to bring all llio grades of Schools into one Building, than to be at the expense of purchasing several Sites and erecting as many School Houses. The importance of the classification of pupils in each School, and the classification of Schools in each City and Town, cannot be over-estimated; and T cannot express my views better on this subject, than in the fol'owing l^neruage of the Secretary of the Board oi! Education in the State of MassHchn setts, who in his last Annual Beport, has discussed at large the question of "The Gradation of the Public Schoo's," in populous Townships, as well as in Cities and Towns. Ho says ; — The most obvious advantage resulting from such an organization of the Schools, would be, the increased productiveness of the Teacher's labours without any increase of expense. ?]very good Teacher attaches importance to a skilful arrangement of the pupils in classes, according to age and proficiency. But, in most of ^",r rrrol district Schools, the diversity, in these respects, is so great, that classes can be but imperiec 1 ■ ^i^nied. The object of gradation is to classify the Schools them- selves, placing the young childrei h one, those of niaturer age in another, and, wherever it is practic- able, those of an intermediate age in a third. If there be chihlren enough in one neighborhood to con- stitute three Schools, it is not a matter of indiflevence whether the division be made perpendicularly, cutting through these three strata, and putting some (.f ; 1 f»<"38into each School; or horizontally, sep- arating the older and the younger from each i>ther, and placing hem in different Schools. In t^he one case, tiie formation of large and regular clast'-sp ..''1 be out oi the question, in the other, it will be practicable and easy. In the one, only a few . \di\ l 'uala a, i Iw 'Tistructed simultaneously ; in the other, many times the name number can be t, ^' » ito.geously instructed together. With the same Teachers, by one arrangement, there might be tii'. e first-rate Schools, by the other, there cannot be any but very ordinary Schools. The expense of instfuction given to an individual in the two cases, is widely different. If we reckon the Teacher's wages at the rate of twenty-five cents an hour, two recitations a day, for a single pupil, which should occupy half an hour at each time, would cost the School district twenty-five cents. If the same scholar were in a class of four, his two recitations a dav would cost six cents and a quarter. In a class of sixteen, it would cost but about a cent and a half. Or, to take another view, if the time of the Teacher were to be so distributed that each member of the School should receive nist his proportion, the one who should belong to a class of sixteen, might, in conjunction with the other menil)ers, have thirty minutes each half day ; the one who should belong to a class of four, seven minutes and a half ; while the pupil who should belong to no class, would have less than two minutes of the Teacher's time. It is easj' to perceive the superior economy of those Schools, whose pupils are arrangec in convenient classes, over that of Schools, in which only a few pupils can be associated in the same class. In Schools properly giaded, classes consisting of twenty persons, can be as well instructed as an individual could be in the same time. In the com.non district School, either one part must receive a disproportionate amount of atten- tion, and the remainiler sufiFer from neglect, or all must be taught in that hurried and superficial man- ner, which is of but little value. Nor is it the mere want of time tha*;, in this case, interferes with true economy. The ditficulty of governing, no less than of teaching, a rural district School, increases with the number of classes. The want of regular employment, with but short intervals between the class exercises, is a principal cause of disturbance in these Schools, Tf a Sfhool of sixty were to lie divided into but three classes, not only would the Teacher be able to give thorough and systematic instruction, but the classes, being examined in their lessons in rotation, would need all the intervals of time for study to prepare for the next recitation. ll >« 'I M II i 172 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 XVI. Difficulty in Dealing with Rkstlessness ok Children in the Discipline of a School. It is essential to the true discipline of a School, that there he no leisure time in school hours for any other purnose than that of preparation in the appointed studies. Where this is the case, it re- quires but little supervision to keep the whole School m good order. The mind that is not kept active in study, will, from the natural restlessness of youth, \m active in something foreign to the business of the School Room. It is the misfortune of many of our Schools to be made up of such heterogeneous materials as to bafHe all attempts at regular classification, and the consequence is, that, before the long circuit of the recitations of numerous small classes is completed, each class has an interregnum of several hours, iu which it may j.nrsue its studies, or annisements, as the fancy takes it. It is quite as much the tedium of the scene as the love of mischief, that loads to disorder. It is of no use to increase the task assigned. Children cannot entertain themselves over a dry Text-Book for so long a period. Such a general condition of the School gives a dangerous power to' those uneasy spirits who exhaust their ingenuity in stirring up others to annoy the Teacher. XVII. Gkai'hic Description of the Difficulties of Teachers in Many Schools. Not a single recitation can bo conducted properly when the Teacher has to direct his eye frequently to every part of the School Room to prevent anarchy. The Teacher and his class must be kept in sympathy both with the subject, and with each other. The diversion of the attention to answer qu tions from others,— to subdue a refractory pupil,— to shake the finger at one,— and to awe another r' ailence by a significant look, arrests the course of thought, chills the glowing feelings, and often •ovs utterly the effect of a rerntation. It is not difficult to picture to ourselves a Teacher hearing ^ttding lesson, for example, in the midst of such annoyances. Perhaps, the piece to be read is essive of tenderness, or sublimity. While ho is working upon the imagination of the class, and r eavouring to bring vividly before it the objects which impressed the mind of the author, another 8' ne, strangely at variance with this, attracts the eyes of the class, to another part of the Room, and e ew words of reproof from the Teacher are much more eflfectual in banishing the spirit of the piece f jm the minds of the class, than the spirit of discord from the School-Room. If the exercise is mtinued, the remaining part of it will be likely to be purely mechanical in its execution, and ludicrous in its effect. Though a skilful Teacher may be al)le to do much to mitigate these evils', they are in- herent in the system, and cannot be avoided except by some such change as has been recommended. If it should be discovered that, by a given improvement in machinerv, a water power which now carries but a hundred spindles could be made to carry a thousand, every manufacturer in the Country would adopt the improvement. And yet, there are many Schools operating in a manner that wastes much time and money, where there is no natural obstacle in the way of a better system," if the Teacher would be determined to adopt it. XVIII. Remarks in Regard to the Improvement of Grammar Schools— School Libraries. The remarks made in the last preceding section of this Report on the classification of Schools, suggest the necessity and importance of a change in the system of County Grammar Schools, or rather the necessity of forming and elevating these Schools into someihing like a system. In some instances, the Classical and Mathematical departments of them are doubtless conducted with ability, and they possess a high reputation ; and so would Piivate Schools taught by the same individuals and established in the same places ; nor do I desire to impugn, or undervalue, the character of the Grammar Schools generally. But, as at present established, they form no part of a General System of Public Instruction ; and the manner in which public money is expended for their support, is unjust to the larger portion of the community ; is, to a great extent, a waste in itself, and an injury to the Common Schools. It injures the Common Schools in the neighborhood of the Grammar Schools, as the elementary branches which are taught in the former are also taught in the latter. Thus are pupils, who ought to be learning the elements of Reading, Writing. Arithmetic, and Geography in the Common S^ihool. introduced into the Grammar School ; and a Te icher v/ho receives One Hundred pounds, (£100, ) per annum as Teacher of a Classical School, is largely occupied in teaching the A, B, C of Common School instruction, to the injury of the Common School, and to the still greater injury of the real and pr\>per objects of the Grammar School. It would be absurd to suppose that the £100 per annum, were granted towards the support of a Classical Master to teach the same things that are taught by the Common School Teacher, and that by aid of public money also. Making the Grammar School a rival of the Common Schools in its vicinity, is as incompatible with the proper office of a Grammar School, as it is prejudicial to the interests of the Common Schools. Pupils, who are learning the first elements of an English Education, are sent and admitted to the Grammar School because it is thought to be more respectable than the Common School, and especially vhen Grammar School fees are made comparatively h*gh to gratify this feeling, and to piaue the Gfrtiuiuar School beyond the reach of the multitude. Thus does the (irammar Scho"ol Fund « ^.c-ft'-^ CO a graat extent as a contribution to the rich, and in support of injurious distinctions in teaoi ng and acquiring the elements of English Education, and not to the special encourage- r:eufc of hr study of the elementary Classics and Mathematics. Thus is the Common School irnire-:* In its position ; and influences are withdrawn from it which ought to be exerted in its Chap. XIII. THE CHIEF superintendent's school report for 1850. 173 behalf, and which are most important to give it the elevation and efficiency, which are recjuisite to enable it to secure the stamling and fulfil the functions of the English College of the People. The Grammar School should be a connecting link between the Common Schools and the Uni- versity ; the Common Schools should be feeders of the Grammar Schools, as these should be feeders of the University. The Grammar School, instead of attempting to do the work of the humble.st Common School, should be the first step of promotion from its highest classes. But this cannot be done, until the Grammar Schools are placed as much under the control of local authorities as are the Common Schools ; until their appropriate field of labour is defined, and an effective responsibility and supervision instituted. Each Grammar School might be made the High School of the County a: own within which it is situated, and have its classes filled up from the highest classes of the '.ommon Schools of such County and Town. The liberal provision made in aid of Grammar Schools would then be expended in unison with the provision made in aid of Common Schools, — would advance, instead of impairing the interests of Common Schools, — would accomplish the real objects of the Grammar School Fund, and make the Grammar Schools, as well as the University and Common Schools, an integral part of the General System of Public Instruction for the Country.* X. Proposed Pkovision for Poblic School Librarie.s. 2. My special attention has been devoted, a portion of the past year, to the important sub- ject of providmg public School Libraries, Maps, and every description of Apparatus for the use of Schools ; biit,aH the arrangements for the accomplishment of these objects are not yet completed, I have not thought it advisable to refer to them at length in this Report. They will bo completed in the course of the present year ; and, when completed, I am persuaded that Upper Canada will have an advantage over every other Province or State in America in regard to the prices and facilities of procuring Text books, Maps, and Apparatus for the Schools, and comprehensive series for Libraries of the most instructive and entertaining popular reading books that issue from both the English and American press, for Public School Libraries. 3. The extracts from local Reports,! given in the Appendix evince how widely the question of Free Schools is engaging the attention of the public mind. There are, however, not wanting objections and objectors to the principle of Free Schools ; but the former are as frivolous as the latter are misinformed, or selfish. 1 may notice the most common and most plausible of those objections : It is said that people do not value what they do not pay for, and, therefore. Free Schools are not the proper method of promoting the education of youth. In reply, it may be remarked, that people do pay for Free Schools, — each man pays for them according to his prop- erty, or means, and, therefore, has the impulse of paying for the support of the Schools towards the education of his child ren A s the discussion at large of the question of Free Schools will be found [on pages 7;^-8l of this Volume], 1 will merely add in this plate, that the principle of Free Schools is bfised upon the first and most obvious principles of political economy, — human rights and civil obligations. In civil polity, no principle is more obvious and vital, than that the interests of the whole society are bin 'ing upon each individual member of it. It is a principle equally just and scarcely loss important, as one, both of political economy and civil obligation, that each individual should contribute to the interests of the whole society according to the property which he has acquired, and which is protected in that society. It is, furthermore, an economical principle, palpable to every reflecting mind, that an interest which combines the support of all. according to ability, can be more easily sustained than if supported by a few, or a part, and without refer- ence to ability. The principle of human rights involved in the question is as undeniable, as it is sacred. It is, : that each child has a right to such an education as will fit him to be a good member of society, — a right as important to society at large as to each individual member of it. The application of Free Schools is as simple as it is important. Is education an interest of society generally ? If so, then each member of that society is bound to support it, accorr'.ing to his ability. In each City, Town, and Incorporated Village, the establishment of Free Schools is at the discretion of a Board of Trustee.s, as the elected representatives of such City, Town, or Village, in school matters In the Townships, where it is convenient for all the inhabitants of a School Section to assemble in one place, and which they are retjuired to do so, for the election of their Trustees, the manner of supporting the School, either as a Free School, or as a Rate-Bill School, is determined at an Annual, or Special, Meeting of the Freeholders and Householders in each Sjhool Section; though the amount required for that purpose is determined by the Trustees. But, it should be remembered by those who wish to support their Scho')! by a Rate on the prop- erty of all, that they should, as a corresponding and imperative obligation, make the School fit for the children of all, by employing a Teacher duly qualified, and having a School House with sufficient sccora-iodations and pr.".p9rly furnishod. Tho charaetor of a Free School should he .as elevated as its foundations are broad. ', ' 11 * On pages 21-23 of this Volume th* Draft of a Grammar Scliool Bill will he found. It was thou<;ht hest to postpone its consideration until the next year, or until 18.');J. t Sec note in regard co these Reports of Local Superintendents, on page 105 of this Chajiter'' 174 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1860 I ' m I I 'Wn o •J -» o o > M . X. > & Bo 2-, 00 CD M - « -0 X a^-sg' ill S§IS oT S 2 I f I 5 2 § g i I' 5< S5 5 J!f pa •4 A, a. 5 a is a H 8 M •* ^§ O O %^ « * o a as a , .a §^ ST 5 ^ " -2 9 9S^ - «fi «C'»'s e *'a 'C « i 2 !vo aO 60 .go- u a ;5j •« S o «9 ■fi.'S.Stt^-g SS £ fl<8 ^<* a ^ aPn & . .3 S o a'o b >• h I SI a 2 2 2 2 2 (4 Q S o 2 p ;z; a el's lis S| »l -■-i^ § :i A ..a : a • o :S a , o • « * *A . a o o _ o " >,a S c o a am B'v uca w M «K es t^ S k aHi^sgHS e?a a. 9 § a a.g sallss5gsg|^i"si5 "5 3 5 5 E-2 a o S o 6 o-< mm ^ ia ce 00 03 O 'H rH .H K N 3. Chap. XIV. TUB CHTEF.SJPERIVTK ^dent's SCHOC llEPORT FOR 1850. 175 (5 bo I S I o •1 NiifK.— The Returns in the foregoing Table, up to the year 1874. are not very complete : b'-.tBinoe that peri >d they have been aiifficiontly so jvarly progrenBivo Educational Matters. The Ret all Institutions of LeHrni: souices of information rug offioial. It ia f/> be hofn^d, information on the subject Report will present, in on Sducationa' Institutions— so to establieh urns are now by which to compare our •'xtensive, and embracec - ; but hitherto the oik racher private than re complete and accurate da ; and that the ^ nnual i/atu and progress of I our om tho Common School up to tho Ui ling the 'vtter class of Institutions 'n* (wever, future years will witness of informal) n K' '>erally in Upper Ci omprehensive tabular view, tho actual , I'ublio, Private, and Collegiate. I ha\ Mily to observe, in conclusion, that if the history of the [tast is an inde;. to the progress of the future, we have much to miniate our hopes and encourage our exertions. The novitiate of doubt, distrust, speculation, crude experiment and legislative change has been pait ; a broad foundation has been laid ; indifference has yielded to in«iuiry ; par y hostil has dissolved into CO iperative unity ; the School Master is becoming a roapocf le and respected man ; the School has become a lending interest ; the resources for it« sufi n from local voluntary taxation have been doubled ; ho number of its pupils has more chan doubleil ; the public voice has inscribed '•Free to All" over more than two hundred and fifty of iU entrances ; the Representative of u.. 1...1 ... __;.!. ^L ...^ r _^j.j^y^ and given it the im h i>ranche8 of the Legislature, in a manner unprecendented, I sympathy and support. In nd training a Country's Heart, I commencement. One hundred Sovereigi j, (I^ord Elgin), has invested it with th3 intere pulse of a more than Royal eloquence ; while the Member by their municificf 'rant tor Normal and Model School pledged to the Schu> = edr ated Teachers, and to Teacht the slow and difficult work of developing a Country's intell an auspicious (oinmencenient has been made. But it is oi thousand. (100,000,) children are yet to be brought into our Schools ; a fact that cannot be con- te \plated without great pain, and ought to rouse to sleepless activity. The hundred and fifty tl isand ( 1 50,000) chiW ran that h ive already entered our Schools are but imperfectly instr u cte. i ; *iid attractive reading lould be provide! for them in local libraries, after they leave the School. What has been accom, ' ed within a few years past, shows that Upper Canada need be behind no Country in America within a few years to come. The spiiit of a quaint but forcible adage, with the Divine blessing, will accomplish th* whole —"A long pull, a strong pull, and .ull all together." Education Office, Toronto, 1850, 1851. Egeeton IIykrson. f CHAPTER XIV. EXPLANATORY STATEMENTS AKD PAPERS BY THE CHIEF SUPERIN- TENDENT, IN REGARD TO THE SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. Soon after the passage of the comprehensive School Act of 1850, a number of Letters were addressed to the Chief Supei intendent of Education asking for information as to greatly increased power;^ of School Trustees and Municipal Councils under its provisions. While this information was given in reply to Letters received, yet the Chief Superintendent ft fc, that a fuller exposition of the principles and provisions of the New School Act was desirable. He therefore prepared a series of explanatory Articles on the subject, of which were printed at the time in the official organ of the Department,— the most important of which I have inserted in the following order : — I. MAIN FEATURES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEW SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. As to the characteristics of the new School Act of 1850 I remark, that, while it is baaed upon the same great principles of co-operation between the Legislature ard Government, and the local Municipalities throughout the Province, and of general supervision of the Schools, as have existed since 1843. it provides for the important improvements suggested by experience, in the several parts and details of school law. ^> -"^^ ^^>.^L.nS^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V // ^ '^i^.. i^ /j^i^. / 4. Q- i< 1.0 I.I us '*■■ Mi. IS£ 2.5 2.2 1.8 11-25 111111.4 111111.6 V] 7^ >^^ y Photographic Sciences Corporation ^ v 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ^ iP :\ \ ^ <4? #,^ 176 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 1. Tho School Act of 1860 arranges under distinct heads, and specifies in the plainest language, the duties of the several parties, who have to do with the administration of the School System ; an arrangement and classification wich were entirely lost sight of in the (Cameron) School Bill of last year, (1849.) 2. The Act also provides, by a simple, cheap and equitable mode for settling at least nine- tenths of the most perplexing local difhcult-es, which have arisen in years past, (and for which no provision existed in the Bill of last year, or in any preceeding School Act,) relating to the Site* of School-Houses, accounting for the expenditures of school-moneys in School- Sections, adjusting finaacial disputes between Trustees and Teachers ; thus saving the trouble attending appeals on such mattero either to the Chief Superintendent of Education, or to the Municipal Councils, — the Members of which are paid by the day, and many days of whose time, in successive Sessions of the Councils, have been spent in th j investigation of such matters, attended by more, or less, of the parties concerned, during the whole of the proceedings. 3. The Act of 1850 further secures to the freeholders and householders in each School Section the right and the power, without any external interference whatever, of supporting their School in their own way, — whether by voluntary Subscription, Rate-Bills for pupils, or Assess- ment according to Property ; a right and power which were but partiall 7 possessed under the School Act of 1846, and which were materially abridged, to the great embu::assment of Trustees, by the (Cameron) Bill of last year. 4. The New Act also protects the ratepayers of the School Sections against changes in their boundaries without their own consent ; and it secures to them the right of disposing of their own School Property, when expedient, and of fairly and properly applying the proceeds of it ; — a right which was never before enjoyed by School Sections and parties contributing to purchase bchool-Sites and the building of School-Houses. 5. The Act in addition, makes more effectual provision than has hitherts been made, for calling and conducting of Schools Meetings for all purposes, and at all times, as required by the interests of Schools ; and gives to Trustees, means and facilities for procuring proper Text-Books, ?/Iaps and Apparatus, and for sustaining their School financially, not conferred by any preceding School Act. 6. The Act also provides for a more effective system than has yet been provided, for the exam- ination and licensing of School Teachers, the inspection of the Schools, and for annual School Lectures, relieving Local Superintendents of the responsibility and trouble of keeping accounts of School moneys, and providing for the appointment of these Superintendents and their remun- eration in a manner calculated to secure the best and most experienced men in each County for School Superintendents ; and thus increasing the efficiency of the department of local inspection, which is regarded in all School educating Countries as a most vital part of an effective System of Public Instru :tion. 7. The Act further provides a protection and security to the just rights and interests of School Teachers, not haretofore extended to them ; while it also provides corresponding means to enable Trustees to perform their duties and fulfil their en;^aj;6ments to Teachers. 8. The Act, more effectually than heretofore provides for supplying all the Schools with proper Text-Books; and makes provisions also for the establishment, maintenance and manage- ment of School Libraries, — a matter of the utmost importance to the whole Country. It again authorizes the visitation of the schools by the Clergy generally, and other official persons, whose gratuitous visits and attention to the interests of the Schools, for two, or three, years, (in conse- quence of the provisions of the law of 1846,) exceeded the expectations of the most sangine friends of education, and proved most beneficial in elevating and advancing it in popular esti- mation. 10. Tho Act also makes better provison, than has heretofore been made, against the loss, perversion and diminution of any part of the Common School Fund, with a sufficient provision, at the same time, for the exigencies of any new, or poor. School Sections in any County. 11. It also provides for a co-ordinate, but distinct and complete System of Schools, adopted to the circumstances of Cities, Towns and Incorporated Villages. 12. While the new Act provides for these improvements in the difierent parts and branches of our School System, it carefully guards, in the mode of introducing these improvements, against any derangement, or confusion, in our present school operations. PTrj! II. POWERS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF SCHOOL TRUSTEES IN UPPER CANADA, UNDER THE SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. As considerable correspondence has taken place in the Department of Public Instruction respecting the authority of School Trustees, especially in Citi38,Town8 and Incorporated Villages, and as the discussion of tho question has been introduced into some of the newspapers, I deem it Chap. XIV. STATEMENTS AND PAPERS IN REGARD TO THE SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. 177 proper co explain the objects and nature of the provisons of the new School Act of i860 on this important subject. 2. From the Correspondence on the subject of the School Law, which was printed by order of the Legislative Assembly last year,* it appears that, in each of the four Reports which the Chief Superintendent made to the Governor General, between March, 1846, and May, 1850+, he adverted to the radical defects of the School Law, (caused by restrictive legislation,) in reference to the office of School Trustees, and the necessity of increasing their powers, in order to improve the Schools, as well as improve the character of the Trustee Corporations. The provisions of the present Act of 1850 were, therefore, intended to remedy the evils thus repeatedly pointed out, and very generally felt. 3. These evils were two-fold ;— the powerlessness of Trustees, when elected , and the deficiency in the qualifications of persons elected, — the latter being, to a great extent, the consequence of the former. Trustees could not establish, or maintain, a gcod School without employing a good Teacher; and they could not procure such a Teacher, without securing to him a fair salary. This they couid not do, as they bad not power to secure the payment of such salary. They had to depend on two uncertain resources for means to meet their engagements. The one was a Rate- Bill on parents, the amount of which was as uncertain as were the varying feelings of the persons having children to send to the School. If that resouce failed, or was insufficient, as was very commonly the case, the only remaining resource, (except Voluntary Subscription,) was to petition the Municipal Council to impose a tax on Property to make up the deficiencies ; and one, or two, persons in a School Section opposed to such tax, could, by their representations to the Council, almost invariably defeat the Trustees. The effect was seiious loss to the Teacher, mortification, and defeat to the wishes of the Trustees. 4. Such was the case in a number of School Sections, where the Trustees were intelligent, active and public spirited. In those School Sections, where the Trustees themselves were indiff- erent to their duties and obligations, the state of things was still worse, in respect, both to children and the Teachers, especially as Teachers had no remedy against the Trustees personally. 5. The consequences of all this was, that the office of School Trustees was burdensome and vexatious ; and being powerless; it fell into contempt. Intelligent and active Trustees frequently became discouraged and disgusted, and refused to serve, as did other competent persons, and incompetent persons were elected. Thus the office of School Trustee was regarded, to a great extent, if not generally, as one of the least respectable and most undesirable of all the elective offices in the gift of the people. 6. Now, the objects contemplated by the provisions of the present School Act of 1850, were, as far as possible, to remedy this accumulation of evils, by rendering the office of School Trustee one of the most powerful for good, and, therefore, one of the most honourable in Town, or Country ; and thus to induce the utmost care and vigilance on the part of the electors to choose proper persons for that office, and to induce such persons to accept it and become candidates for it, as they do in regard to other responsible and honourable offices, — the occupancy of which depends upon popular election. 7. The principle on which these provisions of the School Act of 1850 are founded, is in harmony with that which lies at the foundation of our general system of government. It is, that of representation. In our Representative System of Government, a Town, or Township, tax is imposed by the elected Representatives of that Town, or Township. So a County, or Provincial, tax is imposed by the elected Representatives of the people in a County Council, or in the Pro- vincial Legislature. Those Representatives possess the largest discretionary powers to raise moneys to erect Public Buildings, and make, or authorize, contracts and provide for their fulfil- ment. No surprise, or doubt, is expressed, or entertained, in regard to such representative powers, because they are familiar to all, and known by all to be necessary for the interests and improvements of the Country, however objectionable, or unwisely, they may be exercised in particular cases. On the same principle are based the enlarged powers of School Trustees, whose numbers are much larger in proportion to the respective constituencies they represent than Members of Townships, or County Councils, or of the Provincial Legislature. 8. I'he principle of the New School Act, therefore, is. that the Trustees, or elected School Representatives, of each school division, whether Section, Village, Town, or City, shall determine the amount of every description of school expenditure, of contracts, appointments and manage- ment in all school matters, in such Section, Village, Tovm, or City, and have the power to give effect to their estimates, engagements and plans of proceeding. These powers and duties apper- tain to all Trustee Corporations, whether in Town, or Country. It is not the office of a public meeting, in che Country, any more than in Town, to determine what sum, or sums, shall be raised and expended for school purposes ; that is, in all cases, the right and duty of the Trustees, as *Thi8 Correspondence will be found on pages 224.250 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. t Reprinted in the Volumes of this History for the years designated. 12 D.E. 'f,< :i ' il 178 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 s« *■ may be seen by referring to certain clauses of Twelfth Section of the present School Act, and aleo certain clauses of the Twenty-fourth Section. 9. In the Country, a public Meeting, called in each School Section decides upon the manner in which such sum, or sums shall be raised, but nothing as to the amount ; and. if the means thus provided are insufficient to defray the expenses estimated and incurred by the Trustees, they are authorized by the Twelfth Section, of the Act, to asspss and cause to be collected, any additional Rttte on the Property of the School Section that may be necessary to pay the balance of such expenses. By t.ie ninth clause of the same Section, Trustees can exercise their own discretion and convenience, either to assess and collect all their School Rates themselves, or, by their OoUector, or apply to the Township Council to do so, and the Council is required by law to give effect to their application, relating as it does to the constituents of whom they are the school Kepresent- atives, the same as tt.a Members of the Council are the municipal Representatives of the Town- ship. In such a easy, the Council has not to consider the amount required,--(that is with the Trustees to determiiie ;) nor any representations which may be made by parties for, or against, such amount being riquired ; but simply the manner in which an Annual Meeting, o/ other Public Meeting, called for the purpose, in the'School Section concerned, has agreed to defray the expenses of tha School. Should the Trustees determine not to apply to the Township Council, but collect, by their own authority, all the moneys they may require for school purposes, various clauses of the Twelfth S«ction of the New Act give them all the neoesssry powers to do so. 10. The objest of leaving the manner of providing for all school expenses to the decision, in the first instance, of a Public Meeting in each School Section, nas not to limit the Trustees, as to the amount of such expenses, or to cripple them as to the means of raising such amount, since they are especially empowered to do so by School Rate, if the means agreed upon at the Public Meeting are insufficiont for that purpose ; but the object was, to make the question of provision for '•^'e education of youth a subject of public discussion and decision annually in each School Sftfiion, and thus to diffuse useful knowledge and make the people acquainted with, and alive to, their own interests and duties,— to enable them to provide for the support of their School in their own way, either by Voluntary Subscription, or by self-imposed School lax, — and, above all. to decide whether their School should be a " Free." or a " Rate-Bill," School. 11. But, while the Trustees of each School Section are clothed with enlarged powers for the fulfilment of their important trust, they are also subject to additional responsibilities. They are required by law to account for their expenditures to their constituents at each Annual Meeting, by presenting — " A full and detailed account of the receipts and expenditures of all school moneys received and expended in behalf of the School Section for any purpose, whatsoever, during the year then terminat- ing;" And, if the account is not satisfactory to the majority of the Meeting, arbitrators are chosen by each party to decide, and are invested with power to make each of the Trustees, or any other person, account for, and pay, all the money due by him to the School Section. This is a responsibility to which Members of the Legislature, and of County, City, Town, or Township Councils are not subject ; but it affords to the rate payers in each School Section ample security for the faithful expenditure of moneys. 12. In Cities, Towns and Incorporated Villages, the Boards of Trustees, varying from six to sixteen Members in each, are invested with larger powers than the Trustees of School Sec- tions. Each such Board has the chaise of all the Common Schools in the Municipality, deter- mines their number and kind, whether Primary. Intermediate, or High, Schools, whether Clasai- chI, or English, whether Denominational, or Mixed, whether many, or few, the amount and manner of their support. Each Board appoints its own Local Superintendent of Schools, and a Local Committee for the immediate oversight of each School under its charge. The Board of Trustees in each City, Town, or Incorporated Village, is not required, as in Rural School Sec- tions, to call a Public Meeting to consider the manner of supporting one, or more, of the Schools in such Municipality ; in most cases this would be impossible ; in no case is it required. The only Public Meetings, which Boards of Trustees in Cities, Towns, and Incorporated Villages are required to call, are those for the election of Trustees. If they choose, they can call Meetings for any school purpose whatever, like the Mayor of a City, or the Reeve of a Town, or Village ; and, in any case of their thinking it advisable to call a School Meeting, the Act provides for enabling them to do so, and directs their mode of proceedings, so that it may bo done under the authority and protection of law. In some instances, objections have been made to the lawfulness of the proceedings of Boards of Trustees, because Public Meetings had not been convened to consider the school estimates and plans of such Boards. As well might the lawfulness of any financial proceedings of the Municipal Council of a County, Town, Township, or Village, be objected to upon the same ground. 13. The Municipal Council of each City, Town, or Incorporated Village, is required to levy and collect whatever sum, or sums, of money may be required by the Board of Trustees for School purposes. The Board of Trustees, (elected by all the tax payers,) and not the Municipal 1850 Chap. XIV. STATEMENTS AND PAPERS IN REGARD TO THE SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. 179 Council, repraaentti B'lch City, Town, or Incorporated Village, in all school matters ; but, as the Council haa Assessment Rolls and employs Collectors for other purposes, it is more economical and convenient to have the School Rates levied and collected by the Council, than for tbe board cf Tiustees to employ a separate class of officers for that purpose. In the City of New York, and various Towns in the neighbouring States, Trustees are elected in each Ward of the City, or Town, as in Canada, and constitute collectively a Board of Education, or School Trustees, for such City, or Town ; and the Municipal Council of the City, or Town, is required to levy and collect whatever sum, or sums, ard r' quired, from time to time, by the Board of Education, or School Trustees. 14. The Members of the Board of School Trustees in our Cities, Towne, and Incorporated Villages, are not personally responsible for school moneys, because the law is so constructed, that all school moneys, even the Rate-Bills of each City, Town, or Village, must be paid into the hands of the Treasurer. But each Board of Trustees must prepare and publish annually in the local Newspapers, an account of the receipts and expenditure of all school moneys, subject to their order. 15. Objections have been made, in some instances, to the erection of large Central School Houses in Cities, Towns and Villages ; and the authority of the Boards of Trustees has been callfd in question, because exception has been taken to their proceedings. The Government itself may err in its proceedings, but that is no disproof of its authority. The Boards of Trustees in Cities, Towns an 1 Villages, and the Trustees in many country places, are but commencing the greatest work connected with the welfare of their Country ; and they must expect opposition from mistaken ignorance, sectional selfishness and wealthy meanness. There are some unpopu- lar duties connected with all public situations, — duties which often commence under the opposition and abuse of many, but issue in the satisfaction of success and amid the gratitude and applause of all. In regard to large I'entral School Houses in Cities, Towns and Villages, after the noble examples of the Boards of Trustees in Hamilton, London, Brantford, Brockville and Chatham, etcetera, it was remarked in the last Annual School Report for the State of Massa- chusetts : — " In small Cities and Towns it may often be found more economical to bring all grades of schools into one building, than to be at the expense of purchasing several sit iS and erecting as many houses." 16. The remarks of some persons convey the idea that Sciiuol Trustees are despots, tramp- ling upon the rights and sacrificing the interests of the communities in which they live. Such remarks are as foolish as their imputations are unjust. The interests and burdens of Trustees are identical with those of their neighbours. The fact of their having been elected Trustees, is an avowal by their constituents, that they are the most proper persons to rje entrusted with their educational interests. If Trusteea, in any instance, neglect, or betiay, those interests, they can be superseded, on the expiration of their term of office, lik e all other unfaithful Representatives of the people ; and. while in office, they have a ri?ht to the forbearance and support, which the importance and difficulties of their office demand. Unlike most other public Officers, School Trustees work without pay ; they may sometimes err ; but who does not ? Yet, if there is any class of public officers entitled to more respect, more confidence and support than others, it is Trustees of Public Schools, — the elected guardians of the youth of the land, the responsible dejjositaries of their most vital interests. And, if there is any one class of public Officers, in the selection of whom, the people should be more careful than in the selection of others, it is School Trustees. The welfare of youth, and the future progress and greatness of Canada require that the best, the most intelligent, the most enterprising, public spirited, progressive men, in the land should be elected School Trustees. III. RIGHTS, POWERS AND DUTIES OF SCHOOL TRUSTEES AND MUNICIPAL COUNCILS IN TOWNSHIPS. In the Appendix to the School Report of 1850 the powers and duties of School Trustees, especially in Cities, Towns and Villages, were explained at some lensith * Since that Report was written several questions have arisen, and inquiries have been made, relative to the powers and duties of Trustees in Country School Sestions, and their relations to Township Councils 1. In some instances, it had been maintained that Trustees have no right to levy a Rate upon the Taxable Property of the householders and landholders of their School Section, without the consent of their Township Council ; whereas the Trustees have full authority to act without the consent of any Council, or other body, high, or low, in levying and collecting whatever may be necessary to provide for all the expenses of their School. One leading feature and primary object of the School Law of 1850 is, to make each Section a School Municipality, with power to provide for the furnishing and support of its School, in every respect, in its own way, and to settle all its difierences and difficulties by local arbitration. t !l 'II lao DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA 1850 Je^e ii; wtT™a'^„t?o';tS wL'rj^^^^^^^ "' i°5 -^ <^--l whatever, to School Section. The elated Truster^n '^S, sTJl l" ^ "'"'"^ ^'' «°'>°°' ?"?«»«« i" any consider and determine.froS time tTJitne ^he !um7J^r.7 tnl".^^'^''' authorized by law Z ma ority of electors at an annual School S^ctilKHn^ant -^^Z '^^''°^ Purposes ; and a manner, (n. the amount,) in whirrch sul shalfbe^^^^^^^ ^««*'"«' ^'^^^ "P«" '^- a^coSintrC rsXralrt^^^^^^^^^^^ the sums applied for. the law; and they might be comoelled to dn ThlirT! u Councils concerned have violated Queen's Bench, , Lull the TrSScoLmitSnkio^^^^^ * Mandamus from the Court of provision of the School Act in Section ETflrhtSnoU.^rP^ ^ P""" oT: ?°®- ^^« "^^i^^ <>' this part of the burthens imp sJupon themttei^^^^^ °Zd^^''^^'^ '" *° """''«'« '^'"^^^^ «' collection of School lUtes, which can in J^L^i. i to^'«''« expense and time in the under the authority of the To^nshio ^oundl fh^^^h \JTf^ \"^ colleof ed more cheaply cil has the machinery in the fom of a cSS^^^^^ of School Trustees, for the Coun- must collect rates on aU the taxable prooertv ii?Sf„ hi '• '^fl P""""**."^ = *"«* t^« Collector school purposes. For him there*or« fo ?7, i e u"* J^Os^ict'on each year for other than Section^swlThinthellusof ErcXcto™^^^^^^ S?.'''' ? «»y'f-"of the Schoo" same time, would involve but little addSJl ntllu a **'*'' ™*^'' ?"** «°"«<=t ^^^^ at the party of absentees oan be cited in t£ sSl' ^^JiV as Sr'^J *"^ '\l ^^'"' ''^ '''' ^'^' But when Trustees, themselves, levy ScS iStes on nron«!L fh ''" 't^ """-^ Property. Collector, and pay him a higher per centaoT ^nn fl« ^1 P'ope'ty. they must appoint a special service than wS H paid t^aroSTblll Ji • tr' *™T"' collected), for such social Assessment Roll, ana sue eUdefaSng'^oS^^^ NorTnT^'?"' an.e^trach fro^the remuneration for all of this trouble and iLs of H™« ^ fi, » Trustees receive any pecuniary is otherwise with Township Councillors TwiLiW^^^^^ performance of their dutie8,-whic{ provided in the ninth clause of theCe?fth?eSn^ ^""t T** e<=°n«nucal, (a. have the option of levying and colleSniscr™ l n^f i^*"^ Act, page34) that Trustees should requestof theRatepayers^the duSJdo^^^^^^^ JjwK^ ' n'"'*'r^' ?^ *™"«^«'-' ^y which are paid for their time and seJvkes And to nrev J^l ^ Oouncil,-the Members of of time, in doing their duty the CoSl i- w P'®^?°* any unnecessary discussion, or loss required by the SchoorTrust^es L brasses^^^^^ *? "^^" 1' ^'i ^'''^ '^' *™«nnt of a portion of the school electors of th^Tnln.'i,- "^^^^ ^ ^'""^ '*«al effect to the will as decided by them at a Public MetiLTnd^ ''''» S''*^""' Municipality, Trustees. In some cases, Township Suncifshav« ^Z""^'^^^^- 1°^ "^^-^'^^^ ^V ^heir chosen to Trustees, of judging L to tliramount anS «vJ ""^""^f the right, which belongs exclusively tions.-a right lhiffio\VL\ap7eru"n' tranTSu^nTSS^rln'ct'^'r^'l*^ ^^^^^^^ ^"- cases, confided to School Tru£.-ees, who arnneSvpTifty^ ^' ""^^""ntry, but is, in all Sheriff of a County is the executor ZfihltAl l7u ^^- ^°,'" ^"*''* Purposes. The High so in this case. thXty of a ToinJ^^^^^^^ ^^' '° *?" T^''' P'*««^ '" ^^ ^andf ; Sections in regard to faxinglhrmXX" he oZI'Jpo's's^'twTS 1 *=^""'^ l'''"^^ v^^ul:f.^;irptoSTas^^^^^^^^^^ elected and responsible expontToft wa^n^s^f ^ti^r^Kd ESjaS^;'^™' '^''^^ ^'^^ ship Coi"df r^rngt Wy'l^S r"^!" I^'**.?"?*^ «^-''^ 'l-' - ^^^ event of a Town- the Eighteenth Section of tTCcS Act of 5^ *"i ''^"'?.^ ^^ '^' «"^ «J*"«« «f Section can,- as have Ohe Trustees of one or ^w^^ TowTLh" V,?'^' *^" ^T^^^^ °^ * School Queen's Bench for a Mandamus, to comjei an anti' schroTr.?,! ^'"»f «'.-aPPly to the Court of ing Members of such Council would bT^ustlvrelnon-fhlif^r' '"^ '^^ '*' ^""^^^ *"^ ^^^ ^PPOB' such a proceeding. Trustees thTuXLC^^^Tfu-^ ^?'" ^^e expenses and consequences of refusing, o. neglfcting'to do' ttrd\t;^n1chl mattSr^'ut^ IT^' T^'^^^^fe ^^' tees have been reccramended to exercisn tJiA r ^^^ ^! ^ ' "" '"'^' '^ ^"^^ '^ases, Trus- amount of Rates requiredTr their SrpuJpTses '''P"'"'« P"'^^" *° l«^y «"d collect the such Rate-BiUs. It is, however c/ratifJiiTrtrknnu, fW • Vu^^ ''^'*°® '^" ™P°«« and collect the Township Councils sympathise™ i^^^^ S«?; iV^^ ^""^ S"** ""^J^^'y of instances. Houses, and to establish FrKchorisJ^ecres to w ™r^«, ?°!* ^"""h School the general rule. In some instances Town!hiS^rn„lni.« u I ''®',*'T®'^ ^«'°« exceptions to for making all the Schools f refwS TSd^iSlp;!^^^^^ '^''"''^ ""' «'*' *° P'^«^**^«' ^-'J^-ith, for schod'ptToS:: ?X'e"term:t,ly:d t fheTc^i/ ^f-tf-"- " ^-ble to be taxed the Assessor, or Collector's, Rdl''S -The frP«LAo« %!'*''* u'^,^ *« expressed in 1850 Chap. XIV. STATEMENTS AND PAPERS IN REGARD TO THE SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. 181 included, whether resident, or non-resident, — there being no exception. All " taxable pro- perty " is also included, whether wild lands, or cultivated lands, or personal property ; or, whether the property of absentees, or residents,— all is made tributary to the great interests of education. In cullecting school rates from resident freeholders and householders making default of payment, the provisions in the Twelfth Section of the School Act authorize Trustees to pro- ceed to collect by Warrant ; but the eleventh clause of the same Section authorizes them : " To sue for and recover, by their name of office, the amounts of school-rates or subscriptions due from persons residing without the limits of their Section, and making default of payment." IV. ENCOURAGEMENT TO PERSEVERE IN THE PROMOTION FREE SCHOOLS, N0WITH8TANDING THE ADVERSE LEGISLATION OP 1849. i \ I' # are It appears appropriate in making a "new departure" under the School Act of 1850, to review the experience of the past, and to take courage for the future, notwithstanding the adverse legislation of last year. We should now seek to awaken afresh the recollection of first principles, on which our School System is founded, and also to analyze the criteria of educa- tional progress that wo have made, so that we may be eventually animated to prosecute, with becoming energy and zeal, the noblest work of any Country, — the Christian, and universal, and practical education of ics youthful population. In the first number of the ^^ Journal of Ednca- tioH " I inserted an Address to the People of Upper Canada on the " System of Free Schools,* — a System which is based upon the principle that every child in the Land has a right to such an education as will make him a useful member of society, and that every inhabitant of the Land is bound to contribute to that national object according to his property,— a System, the life of which is the genius of Christianity, the Soul of Patriotism, and the Spirit of the Highest Civilization. It is my present object to present some of those grounds of encouragement with which the facts and experience of the past year furnish us, (in addition to those mentioned in my Annual Report, as published in Chapter XIII of this Volume,) to persevere in the work of educating our own and our country's offspring. 1. And the first encouraging omen which I shall mention is the deep hold which Free Schools have taken of the public mind in Upper Canada. The first public enui;ciation of this principle in 1846 ws received with general surprise and doubt, — with wide spread suspicion, and, in man^ instances, with avowed hostility. In some caetes it was dismissed by an editorial sneer ; and in other cases it met with a less courteous reception ; was, at one time, assailed as public pauperism and at another time denounced as a conspiracy against individual liberty. But, like many of the most important Reforms and improvements in the institutions of society which were once misunderstood, denounced and ridiculed, the principle of Free Schools has risen above misconception, and, therefore, above misrepresentation and reproach, and stands forth now as much an object of respect and admiration, as it was a short time since an object of sus- picion and contempt. 2. The explanatory and matter-of-fact Free School Address referred to called forth an approving response from several influential Members of the Canadian Press ; and it is a some- what singular coincidence, that, during that same month the Superintendent of Schools for the State of New York called the earnest attention of the Legislature and citizens of the State to the great importance of establishing Free Schools throughout the whole of that State. le, at the same time, submitted the Draft of a Bill which provided that, on the vote of a majority, every individual in the State would be compelled to adopt the System of Free Schi^ols. I sub- mitted a Draft of a Bill, giving liberty and power to the inhabitants of each School Section, (but not compelling them,) through their Trustee — representatives to adopt the Free School System, without reference either to the Executive Government, or to the Municipal Council, t 3. In the State of New \ork, the compulsory and general Free School Bill has become law ; in Upper Canada, the Draft of Bill submitted to facilitate the establishment of the local and voluntary Free School System has not been adopted, :|: and more forms and obstacles are inter- posed by the new School Act in the way of establishing the Free School system in any Saction than existed under the Act of last year.§ But, notwithstanding, this partial impediment in legislation, (which I have reason to believe was unintentional on the part of the Government,) the principle of Free Schools has been advancing among the people in every County of Upper * This Address will be found on pagfes 73-81 of this Volume. tSee pages 74-76 of the Sixth Volume, 190 of the Seventh Volume, and page 87 of the Eighth Volume of this l>ocumen- tar.v Histor.v. t It was not finally adopted by the Legislature of this Province until 1871. 8 That is, the question of a Free, or " Rate Bill," School had to be brought up at each Rural School Section Annual Meeting, and the «|uestion of a choice between the two financial kinds of Schools had then to be decided by a formal vote of the ratepayers. Tliis annual jcontest in the Rural School Sections continued from 1850 until 1871, when the Legislature enacted that Free Schools should, in future, be the Law of the Land. I I ^A 182 (V- h*^ K DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA 1850 S^mri^'K*""!!,*^^, ^"^*.^i*»nfc» of many Sections have submitted to all the forms and conditio..8 mTe^heLilt^'"'' '".'*'^"'"' >fP«»«ble. to obtein the establishment of Free Schor^nr sXol, in m!„v"lr?'' P 'he appro »ohini half century will witness the elbl^Sment o? F ee Canada ^ ^^^ ^"""'•^''* '^ "'^^ K^"*'"''"^^ throughout the whole Province of Lpper 4. Let every friend of sounu and universal education be imor^ssed with fhn («.o¥ fKof *»,o* To tl^tt dirint ZtT "'^^"KV"^ amendment has been completed in the State School' Liw had failed to effect ; but it waa manite»t that the grand luhrom for intelleelnX imlifti?,. ?ll! -hole oommumty ,.. etill .anting and the example ot the P,^ ShtiUnStie" .n?T™™ S .ft ^ '^"J'S?' ''°"'' '"' "■ " P'"™'' "•« '•'" of "■« "kole State educatL i^hinerv ^„d S ed„X?i''%he L°.°„uT„'„°''t''r"''; r""" J?"'"?- ""Wtion and pafStSTtatroau'e taaSeSratetopJurer °' *" """•'"'°' ""'°°'''' *» P"""' "' ''°"»" i"»gination i. ^p p;.t t:^S iVilittrorrTnX-din^^^^^^ gu;e=oroiTe'sip^r:^i'arirp'^~^ cSp:.— tt=lon„7s°eaTSeK attention ^nHTn^fr"?""!!^'?!^ circumstance connected with our Common Schools is the increased gi^i=&;p^jSc^.tirrs^^^^^^ sTbSf slool' W f r**'*'' -"A" ^^'•^^'^i^ comparatively little interest haX^n felt on the Hv5« . ff\ 1 L^g"!**"?", ' >t l^as occupied a very subordinate place in Executive delibera Pari aLenJ*" rmLTnTsllr«n"y *l°'*''"«''' °^/?"«"-' ""^'^^'^^^ '" theTeuLrSns of m. fS^. A '"P?r*»nt S?\°°^ ^'"'' ^^^'^ '*««" passed into laws without being either discussed Hclv ex^l^^H .> ^" * ^"«'!^'' P'^P*"'' "°^ °P«"«- The Government has fornVaUy and pu^^ IfflJ^P I- u'?.'^?*®™"***'°" 'o ^'^stow upon the subject of Common School LeSation tW attention which Its imi^rtance demands ; the public Press is beiinVt^TveSe!^^^^^^^ to the subject ; and publ c interast has advanced perhaps ti'ty per cent undir the exne^rence seveltrSL and"^r™''"\°^.*S." ^"'^ 'r^ °' '^"«' y«"« The elecdve a ithoritrS^t^^^^ ZJ^fi. ^.^ Incorporated Towns have, with unexampled unanimity, evinced an earnest desire to maintain and mature the System of Schools recently established amoneTfim \nHflf! Srret"r^?o? f '^' entire public l^ind is. to have good ScVooTs and unreS Nation tith Z.vTr? ^^?^ °' P^'L^y- Tne instances in which personal acerbity and party feelinLmTn^le their bitter^waters with tne discussion of the subiect. are marked «^Ln[^o„f SSa^^^^^ touu or Che rress, and clearly meet with no responsa from the Countrv'atlarie"" Rnrln^whor' ej^spirit the subject may be approached, the'discussion of It Z^ffend toTraw^pnViLttet *And yet, instead of the to 1871, to arrive at the Vou.r„S'L?| S^ToS»e!l\rUU\y^&'J^e^^ ^•— ^-- ^^^O 1850 Cahp. XIV. STATEMENTS AND PAPERS IN REGARD TO THE SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. 183 tion to it ; and past experience shows that the calm and deliberate decisions of the public mind at large are generally on the side of social elr^vation and intellectual progress. This has been most decidedly the case, thus far, in regard to our School Law and School System. 7. Our School Law, as well as that of every educating Country, requires the Head of the Department not only to sdminister the Law Hud to report its operations, but, from time to time, to repoit also as to the efficiency, or inefticiency, ( f its provisions, and to point out their defects, and suggest the proper remedies. The report of every Superintendent of Schools in the neighbouring States presents examples of the fulfilment of this duty ; and the Chief Super- intendent of Education In Upper Canada would fail in obeying the law under which ho acts, and be unworthy of his position, did he not, at the most suitable times, plainly and fully state to the proper authorities the conclusions of his own experience and jud^mant in regard to what he may think defective in the School Law, and the best means of amending it. The Law which imposes this responsible duty on the Chief Superintendent assumes, of course, that some atten- tion will be given to the subjects of his suggestions. The appreciation of the spirit of the School Law in this respect, by the leading and con!>iderate men of all parties, affords assurance to all friends of Popular Education throughout the Land, that our School Law and School System will soon be placed upon a firm foundation, and not be hereafter disturbed in any of their parts without due inquiry and felt necessity, 8. Another ground of encouragement in our Country's Educational Work, is the practical proof already acquired of the possibility of not only improving our Schools, but of successfully emulalini; our American neighbours in this respect. Often have we heard this, both privately and publicly, pronounced Utopian ; and often have we sought, in friendly tiiscussion, to prove that it '"s neither impracticable nor extravagant to aim at rivalling our Now York neighbours in our Common Schools. In addition to general reasoning, facts may now be adduced to establish this position ; and these tacts are as honourable to the people of Upper Canada, as they are cheering to every patriotic heart. (1), One fact is, that the average time of keeping the Schools open by qualified Teachers during the last two years, in the State of New York, has been eight months, while in Upper Canada it has been eight months and a half. (2), A second fact is, that the amount raised by school Hate Bills has been quite as large in Upper Canada, in prop>rtion to the population, as in the State of New York. (3), A third fact is, that the amount raised by local assessments has been as large in Upper Canada, in proportion to the population, as .in the State of New York. (4), A fourth fact is, that the same has been the case in regard to the amor.nts raised by local voluntary assessments over and above what the Law has required in order to secure the apportionment of the Legislative School Grant, — which, by-the-bye, is as large in proportion to the whole population in Upper Canada as is the Annual Commim School Fund in the State of New York. (5), A fifth fact is, that the number of Student-teachers attending the Normal School in Upper Canada is larger, in proportion to the whole number of our Schools, and of our whole population, than in the State of New York. (6). A sixth fact is, that considerably more progress has already been made towards introducing uniformity of Text-books in the Schools of our rural districts, than has ever yet been effected in the State of New York. (7), A seventh fact is, that salaries are offered to, and obtained by, good Teachers from the Normal School at least twenty-five per cent, in advance ' what was offered two years ago. 9. Now. these facts of a few years' growth in Upper Canada, in comparison with kindred facts of thirty years' growth in the much older State of New York, fully warrant the statement I have made, and indicate a noble spirit of intellectual progress and patriotism among the people, from which may be developed the indefinite improvement of our Schools, and the ready application of all facilitier 'or diffusing useful knowledge which the wisdom of the Legislature may provide. For the sake of brevity. I will pass over several other less prominent facts of an encouraging character, and conclude by two practical remarks. 1. The first is, that no feeling of discouragement should, for a moment, be yielded to, in con- sequence of any of the unfortunate provisions of the new School Act of 1849. Its provisions will not seriously affect any of the local authorities and interests until the arrival of the period for collecting Ilate bills, distributing the School Fund, and preparing the School Reports for the current year ; and, before the arrival of that time, the Legislature will meet, and will no doubt make such provision as will promote the best educational interests of the Country.* Municipal Councils, School Trustees, and Teachers need not entertain any apprehension as to any loss, or diminution, in the amount of the Legislative School Grant for the current year ; or, as to the requisite legal provisions to enable Trustees to fulfil all the engagements which they may enter into with "Teaoneis. 10. The last remark is, that all the friends of education should continue to guard against the admission of anything like a sectarian, or party, spirit in our School Affairs. From what- ever source it may proceed, or on whatever pretext founded, let it be frowned down as the worst * Which it did, by the passage of the important School Act of 1860, which will be found on pages 31-49 of this Volume. ;i>«'- ^! J !>^: u } I' 184 DOCUMENTARY HiKTORY OF EDUCATIOK IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 ZTLiil^A T ?"'' «V '^"? In every community, in almost every locality, there will rllT^ "nd viduHl8 steeped in the spirit of extreme pirtizanship.-men of one idea, and that Idea commonly one of proscription, or hostility, against some body, or party ; and to realize nn«L«r.;"''Tr" *'/• «^"«=a*'«n*> «nd public interest seems too great in the estimation of iU Kn^Hn„ 1 • '! P"*'^*"' of .on« »5*«? »»»''e broken up many a School, deprived many a child andfS«2ir ™*.^'°"vl"\''"P'^«^'*'«P'"°8""«"«f "'»"y"" improvement in the relations «T?rI^« n!^- T'*l^- J''" ^'^*°'7 °' ''-'' ^""°*^y ^ffor'J" ample evidence that the .pint of K «n.w « rr". 'P .'"'■>«" Its greatest bane ; an^ in no respect is the blighting influence of oh!L?f L^ A f *" '" ^^^ queofcion and affairs of Common Schools, the very existence and muSco^",lr f •*"''*"*?».' ''^ which are so entirely depending on the combined feelings and Hiffl^!ll ?•*'?" ""^ **■* .P*°P'®' *"'""« ^J*"™ *bey are established. In whatever matters r,nmfll J„ i^'P-"*"" ""'^fj*'^' *'""?? "^ ** * P«"'P'«' I »•» •'"•« *« """y a" agree in loving our rTrJ^if .k71u^ ''"'' children, and in uniting to provide for them the best possible education. A^rnn^ ni If ''"®' 8™""^' '^''^inely originated, and Divinely expansive idea, may. like the nnhl««^1nr*l "P every serpent idea of petty partizanship, and impart to our posterity the noblest inhentance that parental wisdom and public patriotism can bequath. Toronto, January, 1860. Eoketon Ryreson. I*f CHAPTER XV. EVIDENCE GIVEN BEFORE THE FINANCE COMMITTEE OF THE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY, BY THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION, 1850. In 1850, one of those periodical movements,— the object of which was tech- nically designated as " Retrenchment in the Public Expenditure,"— took place, and a Finance Committee was appointed by the Legislature to inquire into the expenditure of all the Government Departments, including also the several Branches of these Departments. That inquiry into the expenditure of the Edu- cation Department, as also into the expenditure of the other Government Depart- ments, took place in 1850. The following is a statement of the proceedings of the Finance Committee, so far as they related to the inquiry into the financial opera- tion of the Education Department.* THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT'S EVIDENCE BEFORE THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. The Reverend Egerton Ryerson, D.D., Chief Superintendent of Educ«tion for Upper Canada wts called m, and submitted, on the 22nd of July, 1850, Answers to the Questions pro- posed to him by the Committee : ^ r Qnestimi. Would you explain to the Committee the nature of the duties of the Clerks in tne liducation Office, and give your opinion &% to the amount of salary which, consistent with the efficiency of the public service, should be granted to those Clerks ? Answer. In answering this question, I think it proper i,o advert, in the first place, to the general duties of the Education Office. These are two fold, relating to the Schools in general, ana to the formal and Model Schools, in particular In reference to the former, each of the 55,871 actual Schools, (or rather 3,036 School Sections,) in Upper Canada, must be supplied with a copy of the fechool Act, and of the Forms and Instructions to execute it ; so, also must each *ne'"^l School Officers, Councils, etcetera. Each of the Local School Superintendents and each fc^hool Corporation must be provided annually with a blank School Report, All these Blank ««ports, Forms, etcetera, are prepared in, and sent out from the Education Office. With n^ti,- o «7i s r^'rt •?u°*'*^®' ^"^^ °'!^^ ^°^^ Superintendents, and with a large proportion o the ^,-. - hchools, ^either Truafcees, or Teachers, or both,) more, or less Correspondence bakes place, from time to time, and this Correspondence, in a majority of instances, involves general principles, or questions, of law, arising out of disputes,— a desire for information on doubtful points, modes of proceeding, or school improven-ints of some kind. *Thi9 n.atter, so far na the Education Department was concerned, is referred to on page 15 of this Volume. Chap. XV. EVIDENCE BEFORE FINANCE COMMITTEE OF THE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY. 185 In this Correspondence, the object of the Department is : not to deal in dry technicalities, but to give every {lossible information, to impart correct viewB, and inspire proper feelings, in regard to the great objects and interests of the School System.* The Legialative School Grant is to be annually apportioned to each City, Town, Villlage and Township, as well as County, in Upper Canada, ana notified to the Municipp^ Councils ; and I'.e data of that appointment must be annually collected from these localities and examined, which often causes considerable trouble and correspondence, in conie(|uence of defective Returns, The financial supervision extends, (as the Othcial Returns in the Office will show,) not only to every Municipality, but to every Common School, receiving public aid in Upper Canada ; and the various Statistical Returns must be compiled for my Annual School Reports, — a work for Mr. Hodgins, the Senior Clerk, of some months. In addition to this are the Contingencies and Quarterly Accounts, preparation of School Bills, correspondence on the School Law — which has hitherto been consideiable, (as that printed by Order of the Legislative Assembly last year shows), bit which, I hope, will be less in future, — various applications and calls at the Office for information, advice, etcetera, by persons interested in school uiattei-s, besides the usual routine common to all Public Depart- ments. All the Letters, Reports, and other Documents received at the Office, must be endorsed and fyled away ; all the Official Letters and Documents sent from the Office must be copied twice, by hand, from the original Drafts, — first, for the post, and secondly, into the appropriate Letter Books of the OfSce ; many of them are copied a third time for special use, — as in respect to the whole of the Correspondence on the School Law laid before Parliament now, the mechani- cal part of these various duties and labours is performed by the two Clerks in the Education Office, — the Senior Clerk being responsible, the Junior Clerk assisting him. Besides, the Senior Clerk affords much assistance to me daily in giving information to partit^s applying at the Office, and acts as my Deputy, in my absence, — he having thoroughly studied and mastered the School Law and School System, both in its principles and various details and applications. In respect to the Second Branch of duties of the Education Office, — those relating to the Pro- vincial Normal and Model Schools, — I observe that the creation of this most important depart- ment of our School System, has added much to the responsibilities and duties of the Education Office, — much more than I had intended, or anticipated. It has, of course, fallen to me to originate and devise everything connected with the establishment and location of the Institu- tion ; the appointment of Officers and their duties ; all the details of its government and sys- tem of management, and measures for improving its efficiency and usefulness. The deliberation and decision of these matters have required no little time on the part of the Upper Canada Board of Education. — (now the newly created Council of Public Instruction,) after they have been brought before it. And, although I have taken no part in teaching, nor in any way assumed the relation of the Masters to the Students in the Normal School, the Masters have, ever since its establishment, had almost daily consultations with me, respecting occurrences and matters connected with the operations of the Institution. The additional duties which have devolved upon Mr. Hodgins, Chief Clerk, from the establishment of the Normal and Model Schools, have almost been beyond anything which I had anticipated. The law simply provided that he should be " Recording Clerk to the Board of Education, and enter all its proceedings in a Book to be kept for that purpose." But, in addition to that, and giving notices of all Meet- ings of the Board, it has baen found advisable not only to conduct the correspondence, but to manage all the financial affairs of the Normal and Model Schools, through the Education Office, — a duty from which the Office and its Clerks are exempted in the neighboring State of New York. Of course, the execution of all the -•■ ' >re and plans of the Board is under my direc- tion and upon my responsibility ; and the Chief . ^rk is responsible to me. The system of management is as follows : — Everything done, or procured, on behalf of the Normal and Model Schools, — including fit- tings, furniture, repairs, books and stationery, — takes place through the Education Office. An order, according to a prescribed printed form, must be sent into the Office of the Department, signed by the Masters of the Normal School, addressed to the Chief Superintendent, for every article required in either School, whether of Books, Stationery, or repairs about the premises. If it be a matter of ordinary contingency, the Chief Superintendent approves the order under a general regulation of the Provincial Board ; if 't involves any special expenditure, he lays it before that Board for its consideration and decision. In either case, the execution of the order is entrusted to the Chief Clerk, who purchases all the Books ana Stationery required for about One Hundred stadents in the Normal School, and Two Hundred and fifty pupils in the Model School, — stores them away in a Room for that purpose in the Department, — gives them out on the order prescribed, — noting and filing away the orders, together with the bills of all articles ■ This view of one of the duties of the Education Department was, in a somewhat varicti sfiise , iield by Judges of the Superior Courts in oases were appeals were made to these Courts on matters which the law authorized the Chief Superin- teiiilent to decide. Thus, in the case of an appeal on the subject, Chief Justice Robinson said that he had some doubt whether [the law authorizing him " to decide upon all matters and complaints submitted to him which involve the expen- diture of any part of the School Fund "] does not make th. Chief Superintendpnt the proper tribunal for determinin;; all clauns upon any part of the School Fund " 10 (^. R. R. P. 472. Mr. Justice Burns also held that " the duties imposed upon the Chief Superintendent , . . show that the Legisla- ture intended to provide a domestic forum for the settlemement of School questions." "1! W- \ ■ % »•■ #■1 ' K, 'A ■\ m ¥ ! "t *..i J' ''*' IK ■% 186 *1 . DOCUMENTARY HtSTOKY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1860 purohMed, or work done, f,o as to oomi)»re the items on e«ch Bill with the ortlers and entries in the accounts furnished and audited at the end t f each (juarter. If also devolves upon the Chief u ^ P^P*""" *'• accounts laid by the Chief Superintendent bi tore the Board of Education at the end of tach quarter ; to pay the Name, as also the salaries of the Masters, Serv-nt", and so forth, employed in the Normal and Model Schools ; to keep the vouchors, arrancina, num- bering, and tiling them away ; to k3ep the Cash-Book, Ledger, Account Current, and other. Books refjuireJ ; to receive the fet-s, weekly, from the Model School Masters, als'> money for the Copy and other School Books sold thoro, and at the Department : to attend nt the Normal School every Saturday during each Session, to pay and take the receipt of the Students to whom weekly aid is given ; and generally to attend to all other mechanical duties required in connec- tion with the Normal and Model Schools, embracing a variety of details, which it is needless lo enumerate, i believe that hundreds of pounds have been saved by this system of careful and economical management ; and it is by this means that so much has been done with so small a grant for the establishment of the Normal and Model Schools. Then as to the »alary of the Clerks, I think the salary of the Senior Clerk ought to be £250 per annuni In the Common School Education Office of the State of New York, at Albany, the salary of the senior clerk is 81.000 per annum ; and I have reason to know that his duties are neithar so various, nor so responsible, as those of tho same Chief Clerk here. The Senior Clerk in Hie Education Office there has nothing whatever to do with any matters connected with the State Normal School; nearly al! the correspondence of the Office is conducted by means of printed forms, and its decisions and instructions sriven through the monthly State *' District Common School Journal,' a copy of which is furnished at the public expense, by order of the Leffislature. to every School district, or section, in the State. The Chief Clerk of this Office is a person of good classical education,— a man of general in- telligence and ability.— has been selected on the ground of his fitness for the office ; he went home to Dublin, at his own expense, and at the sacafice of a year and a quarter's salary, and made himself famdiar with the several departments of the great Educational Office of the National Board in Ireland, and returned with the high testimonials of the Board* He has assisted me in the Office ever since I have had charge of it, except during his year's absence on my recommenda- tiOTi. The duties of the Education Office are very diflferent from those of an Excise, or Post Office, and require a different < lass of qualifications. I desire those, and no other, to aid me J 1 if ** *^«*>P^y interested in the duties and objects of the Office as I do, and who will study and labour to advance the interests of education and knowledge in every possible way ; and such I o«"eve, IS the case in regard to both the Senior and the Junior Clerke. In regard to the salary of the Junior Clerk, I dare say a purely mechanical copyist might be obtained for lens than £175. But I think in a Department, the whole object of which is to promote education, it is desirable and important that each person employed possess good attninments, and be worthy of implicit confidence, and cherish an intelligent and patriotic ambition for the educational and social ad- vancement of the Country. It has been as much my object to seek out persons of this descrip- tion as my Assistants, as to seek out persons of right feelings and proper qualifications as Masters of the Provincial Normal and Model Schools. I believe I have been successful in both cases The efficiency of my Department is promoted by the talent, intelligence and zeal of each person connected with it ; and I do not think that £175 per annuni is too much to encourage and aid a young man, such as I have mentioned, to consecrate his time and his life to an employment, in which every accession of experience, talent and knowledge may be rendered extenbively useful. A second Clerk was allowed, about two years since, on the unanimous recommendation of the Board of Education ; and the new School Act greatly increases the duties of the Department. Question. Can you suggest any means by which the Contingencies and other Expenses of your Office can be reduced, having duo regard to the efficiency of the Public Service ? Answer. I cannot. Having made it my study and ambition to do as much as possible at as little expense as possible. Question. Are the Clerks employed in the Education Office in any way occupied in the printing, publishing, or getting up of the " Journal of Education.''^ Answer. I write the Editorial articles and make the selections myself ; tho Senior Clerk collects and prepares the Educational, Literary, and Scientific Intelligence, contributes occasional Editorial notices, and articles ; and reads the proofs,— which he usually does in the evenings and after or before. Office hours. The Junior Clerk addresses the Journal of Education to per- sons, to whom it is sent,- but only during Office hours, when haste is required. Every thing done in connexion with the Journal of Education, has been c'one as not appertaining to the datics of tiie Education OfSee, but as a gratuitous coniribution to the public, for which, (pre- paring nearly four hundred closely printed octavo piges per annum,) neither the Clerks nor myself have received a farthing's remuneration, except the pleasure and hope of doing good ; be- sides which, at the conclusion of each Volume, a considerable balance has been left against me ' Chnp. XV. EV1DEN(!E BEFORE FINANCE COMMITTED OF THE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY. 187 on the Hoore uf the tiiechanicftl expenneH of the publioatioii,— which I hnve pnid myself Many copiei of the Journal of Edna .'m,: have alio been gratuitously Hrnt, al uiy own expenne, to Members of the Legislature, and other Public Persons. But while I have proceeded in the manner above stated, I wish \o state distinctly, that I consider all that has been done in reference to the getting up the Journal of Ednmlum as comint; striotlj within the duties of my Ottlce, and that I might properly, not only have done all that the preparation of it required during OtHce hours, (could time have been commanded), jut that I might have fairly asked the balance necessary to defray the expenses of its publication, as contingent expenses of my OflSce, inainad of paying, from time to time, such balance myself. The School Law expressly reeople of Upper Canada." It will be seen by the printed Correspondence on the School Law, recently laid before Parliament,* that, as early as the 29th of December, 1846, I proposed the publication of the Journal of Ediicatlon, as one means of carrying out the provisions of the School Act just quoted. The needful sanction having been obtained, I commenced it in January, 1848. If, then, even more than two, or three, days of a Clerk's time had been enrloyed each month, in promoting such an object, it would have been in accordance with the letti i and spirit of the law. In the State of New York, the law authorizes the Superintendent of Common Schools to " sub- scribe for a sufficient number of copies of some monthly periodical exclusively devoted to ' Education,' " to supply a copy to each of the 11, (XK) Common Schools in the State. In the Prospectus of the Journal of Education for Upper i'anada, it was stated : — " The whole amount of the subscription will be devoted to the support and improvement of the Journal, independent of editorial manag «ment." A strict and separate account of every farthing received, has been kept, and devoted ta intimated. If, then, I have undertaken to do, without a Legislative ap- fropriation , what sue. an appropriation has been made in the State of New York to accomplish, think the economical complaint to the Finance Comaaittee, implied in the Question, which ' have now answered, might, upon the soundest principles of public economy, have been a recom- mendation to the Legislature to aid me in circulating a monthly periodical, wholly devoted to Education, upon broad Christian and patriotic principles. If it be said, that the law has not expressly authorized the publication of an educational periodical by the Chief Superintendent of Education, I reply, neither has the law expressly authorized him to take steps to establish a Provincial Normal School — yet he has done so, and, in doing so, has, I think, as well as in establishing a Journal of Education, but carried into effect the provisions of the law. ■.) 1 1 ■! ;i II. FURTHER EVIDENCE OF THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION, IN THE FORM OF A LETTER, TO THE FINANCE COMMITTEE In addition to the foregoing Answers to Questions proposed by the Finance Committee of the House of Assembly, the Chief Superintendent wrote th' follow- ing explanatory Letter to the Chairman of that Committee : — In the Votes and Proceedings of the Finance Committee of Wednesday, the 24th instant, I observe, in the answer of the Chief Superintendent of Education fur Lower Canada to certain Questions of the Committee, allusions to the Education Department of Upper Canada, calculated to convey a very erroneous impression, I desire, therefore, to make some further explanation, in addition to the Answers given in to the Finance Committee by me on Monday, the 22nd instant. As there were last year 1,800 Common Schools in Lower Canada, while there were 2,800 in Upper Canada, and, as the total expense of office management in Lower Car.ada was £1,678, while that in Upper Canada was £891, the Superintendent of Education in Lower Canada accounts in part for the excess in expenditure in hia Department over mine, by reference to my Office, which I beg to correct. Whether the population of Lower Canada is much larger than that of Upper Canada is, I think, a doubtful question ; but I think it is not doubtful that the correspondence of an Educa- tion Office is rather affected by the number of Schools in charge than by the population at large ; and it must require more expense of printing, stationery, and labour, to supply 2,800 Schools than 1,8U0. And, had I sent out all the printed copies of the School Act, Forms and Regu- lations, blank reports, etcetera, by mail, instead of, to as great an extent as possible, by stage and steamboat, (at a comparatively trifling expense), I might have easily more than doubled the postage expense of this Department. J '^ 188 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OB EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 As a small set off for the trouble and expense of the management of the affairs of the Normal and Model Schools through my Office, (a charge from which the Education Office in Lower Canada is exempt,) the servants attending upon those Schools, employed by the Board of Education, have performed the Messenger duties of the Education Office. To this I may add that, having procured as a gift Twenty-five complete sets of the series of School Booka and Reports of the National Board of Education in Ireland, I presented a set of each to the Dis- trict and City Municipal Councils in Upper Canada, and conveyed them to the Councils to which they were presented without any charge to the Department. I do not think that any one stop has contributed more than this tx) make the excellence and cheapness of these valuable Text Books known to the leading minds of the various Counties, and to secure their extensive intro- duction into the Schools. As to the " Superintendent of Education for Upper Canada having been provided with everything necessary (office room, furniture, etc), a few days after his appointment," I remark, that for two yetrs after my appointment, I provided my own Office ; and, on the removal of the Office from C jbourg to Toronto, in June. 1846, when the Board of Education was appointed, and steps taken to establish a Provincial Normal School, I dovoted a part of my own Residence for the Meetings of the Biard and the work of the Education Office, until the following Janu- a^, 1847,— providing Office attendance and fuel, for the last three months of the time,— for which I never asked, nor received, a farthing's remuneration. I should not have adverted to any of the subjects above mentioned, had it not been for the reference, to which I have alluded. But, as I had not myself instituted any comparison between the Education Offices of Upper and Lower Canada, I do not think th«t I should allow, without correction, a comparison of the kind to be instituted upon erroneous and preiudicial reference to my Department. Under the single head of salaries, the Chief Superintendent and Clerks in the Education Office of Lower Canada received last year (besides arrears,) the Bum of £900, while the corres- Ending officers in Upper Canada received onlv £656. Nor have I charged the Department a thing for all my travelling expenses since 1347, -thoua[h they have amoimted to a consider- able sum, and vrould, I dare say. have been allowed had I submitted them ; as no item, that I have ever charged in the Contingent Expenses of my Department has, in any one instance, been objected to. This year the Contingent Expenses of my Office will be necessarily increased, as I must supply, not only copies of the new School Act with Forms, Regulations and Instruc- tions to all the Common Schools, Councils, etcetera, in Upper Canada, but I propose, in addition, to prepare and furnish blank School Registers, Visitors' and Trustees' Books ; so as to relieve the Local School authorities from the inconvenience they ha re heretofore experienced for want of such Books, and the requisite information to procure them, and correctness and uniformity in the working of the entire School System. ToKONio, 29th of July, 1850. EOEBTON RyKBSON. Comparative Cost of the Promotion of Education in Upper and Lower Canada by the Government In connection with the foregoing reference to the comparative Expenses of the Department of Education in Upper and Lower Canada the following Letter on the subject indicated by the above heading, written by Doctor Ryerson, in reply to a correspondent of the Montreal Pilot may be appropriately inserted here. He said : — A writer in the Montreal Pilot, having instituted a comparison between the efforts of the Government to promote Education in Upper and Lower Canada, I desire to say that whatever Upper Canada has got, she has got it primarily and simply through the instrumentality of her Chief Suporintendent of Education, who has framed the Laws, and matured every Measure and proceeding for the accomplishment of everything stated by your correspondent ; and he has done so without the additional Grant from the Legislature, or Government, of one single sous lOr v/rj'iiitiivrij vjOiiuui puipiraca. .n.11 tuai/ iiaa trccii uuiiu iu vppor v;ai]iuia nas oeen done out or the Upper Canada share of the £50,000 annual grant for the support of Common Schools. So fai from the Superintendent of Education in Loyrer Canada having been " with hardly any means at his disposal " while the Superintendent of Education in Upper Canada has been assisted with '* lavish profusion." the former has had at his annual disposal the Lower Canada share of the £50,000, amounting to the sum of £29,000, (tll6,000,) while the latter has had only £21,000, ($84,000,)— the Upper Canada share of the grant. AH that has been done in Upper Chap. XV. MEANS TO PROMOTE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SCHOOL SYSTEM OF U.C. 189 Canada for the establishment of a Normal and Model Schools, Teachers' Tnstitutes, and so forth, has been deducted from the £21,000. The uniform series of Text-Books has been introduced without costiof; the School fund, or the Province one penny, but, on the contrary, effecting a great saving to the public in the price of Text-Books, as well as in the improv^ system of instruction thereby introduced ; and the Journal of Education has been established by the Chief Superintendent himseif , and continued at his own expense. It appears also from printed parlia- mentary papers, that the expenses of the Lower Canada Education Office in 1849 were £1,678, ($6,712,) while those of the Upper C».nada Education Office were only £891, ($1,164.) It is thus pli«m that the ''lavished profusion " has been all on the side of liower Canada, while the stinted means but the gratifying success have been on the side of Upper Canada. . . Toronto, July, 1850. Eobkton Rybbson. I.' CHAPTER XVI. PROPOSED MEANS TO PROMOTE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SCHOOL SYSTEM OF UPPER CANADA. The efforts put forth by the Education Department in 1848, to bring the mode of teaching in the Normal School home to the Schools of the Country, in a practical shape, was very much more successful than was at first anticipated,* It was felt that to follow up that plan o' jaching the Schools and of coming into personal contact with their Teachers would be sure to lead to a vast improve- ment in the methods and practice of such Teachers of the rural Schools as had not the advantage of a !?^ormal School training. The Chief Superintendent* therefore, decided early in 1850 to apply to the Government for authority under the School Act of 1850, to hold, in that year, a series of Teachers' Institutes, by the Masters of the Normal School, in the various Counties of Upper Canada. With that view, he addressed the following Letter to the Honourable James Leslie, Provincial Secretary, on the subject. The Letter explains the purpose and object of these Institutes • — 1. THE HOLDING OF COUNTY TEACHERS' INSTITUTES BY THE MASTERS OP THE PROVINCIAL NORMAL SCHOOL. The sixty-fifth Section of the present School Act, of 1850, (12th Victoria, Chapter 83,) authorizes the Govemor-General-in-Ccuncil, to sanction the holding of a Teachers' Institute, (or meeting of Teachers during a few days for professional improvement,) in each County in Upper Canada, " under such Regulations as may be prescribed by the Chief Superintendent of Education." As the Board of Education for Upper Canada has determined not to commence the next Session of the Normal School before the first of September, 1850, it has been proposed and concurred in by the Board, that the Masters of the Normal School should employ a part of the next four months in holding short Teachers' Institutes in the several Counties of Upper Canada. The Masters of the Normal School have heartily responded to the proposal ; and, I think, we shall be able to provide for their travelling expenses out of the Grant to the Normal School, and not ask for any part of the sums allowed to be advanced out of the general School Grant, by the Section of the Act referred to. I respectfully pray, therefore, that the Govemor-General-in-Council, will be pleased to sanction the holding of such Teachers' Institutes, during thu cnsuiiig Suiuuicr. Toronto, 24th of April, 1850. Egerton Ryerson. * The mode adopted to brinR this desired object about was to request the Head Master of the Normal School to embody the result of his long experience as School Inspector, in a series of suggestions to the local County Inspectors, as to the best methods of inspecting Schools. See pages 52-56 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. u 190 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 Reply. I have the honour to inform you that His Excellency, the Governor Qeneral-in- Council, has been pleased to approve of the suf^f^estions contained in your Letter of the 24th instant, videlicet, that the Masters of the Normal School should employ a part of the next four months in holding short Teachers' Institutes in the several Counties of Upper Canada. J. Lkslie, Secretary. Toronto, 26th April, 1850. ClKCUIiAR FROM THE ChIEF SdPERINTENDENT TO ScHOOL TeACHEKS, AND SUPERINTENDENTS, ON THE HOLDING OF TeACHBRS' INSTITUTES IN UPPER CANADA. IVi • *« ^'^ published, or sold, bv vou ai vou mav fhJnb „ ?i u* 'o'.f*"'a8«. apecimens of such Books and the lo'west Cash pricraV whih Z wSl frZ tt«^ ^'"^^1° ^^^^^"^ ^^'^'^^'^^ Department, for the ^rpose, contemplaTed Th« Onnn^il T'l^Km^* '""'^ ^""J^' *° th" Canada will cause each of such SSs of BonW« !« k /n ^""'*'. Instruction for Upper them which may be appro Jed recommend them ^n ^^^V?'^^""/ ^^^T?'"?^' '^"'^ ■*«'«««^ ^^ose of many copies of ?hem,^f?om JLTS:.! ty be%%^utete tt^pt^Ird^Srl^--- ^ lowin^g'jSonTeitwfor^^^^ ^""^ °'^^^^ ''"'^ -"^^ °^ P^-^^-g' I W to make the fol- . r^:fZ^^^:^lZ^ SSS - S^Canad, w^end sancL^S rylh^'ctn'cft V?bIJ,'!n!tT^^^^^^^ will be procured through this Department ' ° ' *''"" sanctioned and desired, and IchL^^^uThtiS^s! FoTh^lurU'j of'^rSS^^^^^^^^^ \' '^^^T*^ °^ ''^ '^« ^^^-^ ^--ils private individuals ; so that theTnKrt on o5 ^hXks tto' o'ur' plu. Th"*'^'^ """^^ «^ interfere with the ordinary sale of them to privat^ part^ef but wS? be a «nrf n^T'^f' ""'" "°^ them, and w 1 probably contribute ar&itWtn «vfL«^ Vk i i • " ^?'^. ^^ advertisement of the ordinary chLnels oVthe Book tflde!^ ^ "*^^ ''"^ circulation of them through ToRoxxo, 27th of September, 1850. Koehxon Rv.rson. Explanatory Note in regard to the Selection of Library Books. Soon after the foregoing Circular was sent to the American Publishers Doctor Ryerson left Canada, on the 8th of October. 1850. on a visit to the United States and England, with a view to make personal arrangements with Publishers m both Countries, for the supply of Library Books. As only a very few books had been received from the American Publishers, in reply to the Circular, and scarcely any of them of a description suitable for Libraries, I wrote to him Dr. Ryerson to that effect, while he was in England. In reply be said — and rxpeTsetimsllt^s*^^^^^^^^^^^^ t "V^^\f° '"^ *°. '}^ ''^^''^ sendine any number o! Books that I m«r2,wf f, ,1 '• ^ f '""' """'"« »°* dsMrons of London*^ Perh.p. I *.^1 Ze L do .?f„Kon .'nd Nel VoA S^, '" T"" "■»""■"« '■> I".- .- ! i ,ti 13 d.e. 194 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPKR CANADA. 1850 CHAPTER XVII. FORMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR EXECUTING THE PROVISIONS OF THE SCHOOL ACT OF 1850.* I Forms and Instructions for Municipal Councils and Boards of School Trustees in Cities, Towns and Incorporated Villages in Upper Canada. First. The For.y-seventh and Twenty-fifth SecUon« of tj^^^^^^^^ of Cities and Towns and the Town R««v«« °f^I"«„Xsc. ool T^^^^^^ the School Act SSSi>^a7eCirp&^rrtret^^^^^^^ given, that they are not ^"^1:' r Acctdtg to the Twe.y sixth Se^^on and .He ninth ^^^^^ro^^^^^^^^X tion, the annual and «pecial Meetings for the election of ^ ^^tees and tor any ^.^ p^ t^^^ ZiSs^n^ry Yuctcrstl^t^^^^^^^^^ tt^'aTofVuste^ by the Chaif^an. or '^''tZ:,. School-Trustees in Cities. Towns -.Un^^^^^^^^^^ may think proper, inlaying, from time to *!'"«• ^^^^"^1^^^^ the annual reports of required by them ^ov/ornn^S^o^ PpXraLeof^hWu^a C annual Report wilf be pre- ^'arJd^brtt^Se^Tm'e^^^ S ^rtsSttK^^^ of Trust^^s in each City, Town and Inoorpora- ted Village. . . • II Forms and iNSTRncxioNS fob County Municipal Councils, County Boards of Public Instruction, and Local Superintendents of Schools. planatory remarks in reference to them ; "%'* ^^ "^'l^'^^for f^ms of notices required of each County of County Treasurers, or «"b-Treasurers of School moneys or Jornis oi i .^^^^ ^^ ^j^^ anoortioned to such County, City, or Town. ... , ^ , ,. t . *• f.,iflwi,o ''secona. On the fidelity and ability with which C^^^^^^^^^ functions assigned to them in the Twenty-ninth Sectao^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^.^ of the Schools as affected by the character and ^"%'Yn^Ptent Teachers but Trustees cannot era- about incompetent Trustees and their employment "* J«;^^P2,"Tlcher^^^^^^^^^ to teach. It. ploy such Teachers by XrCoutv Boafds cWefly S the Wl St^rintendents,) to say whether therefore, remams with the County B^^^^^^ intemperate, immoral, or mcompe- a penny of the *^cho?^^"7^\'/^r^°®™iXEation County Boards should not. therefore, regard in- tent Teacher. In giving Certificates of J^^^^^f *^^**^°5' "^S^ the rising and future generations of the will be conducted and determined. , ^ i • iu Xondencethkh^ ' ' ' III Miscellaneous General Remarks and Instructions. ' • only the more important Fom.s and less diffused Instructiona are inserted in this Chapter. 1850 Chap. XVII. INSTRUCTIONS FOR EXECUTING THE PROVISIONS OP THE SCHOOL ACT. 195 IhfcTi^F 8„&^'„tnT^ ''"' ^ "'^^ ^''P^"^^' '' "'" ^ "—••y ^- -y I-^ty thus appealing to First. To furnish the party against whom they may appeal, with a correct conv of thnir Onm jnunication to the Chief Superintendent, in order that the oppodte party m^ h^ve 3pS)rtun^tv o transmitting also, any explanation or answer that such Ay maVdeem exp^Wenl TcS ^To state expressly, m the appeal to the Chief Superintendent, that the oppoBitepa^ h^ thus b^n noU fni 1/.; aff ?•"'' ri ^ «"PPo««*l that the Chief Superintendent wTdecicfc, or form an oZ"on on Sc"LCd?Srdlr';!ru'reT^^^^^^^ l^:l '-^''^^ "-'' Bides.-whatever delay may at an? E be doubS^intl^VSnTiafSr^^^^^^^^ +!,„ T'**'"'^' * '??'""*""»'''^»<^f/«»«*-«»''^y-— The parties concerned are left to their own discretion ..s to i^hS '" °'""™""'*^''°"'' •■"'"*'"« *° ^°"">°° Schools, for which specific Forms are not fur ii„^horffvnVfK'^"r*'°'"™"«''u**T* '"^'^li ^•'^ Government, relating to Schools conducted under the ataS;'^T~o.'''°°' ^'''' ''*' ^"' ^'''^ ^'^*°"^' ^»>^P'- *«' ^•^-I'l »- -d« through ihe f»fR.f*{?k ^o'D'n^nifat'ons with the Government, not so made, are referred back to the Education St^y deky and'ef^n^^^^ "^'^ '''"'"'""^ '^'"''"^'^ ^'^^ P'-'^P^'' I^^P^rtment-which occasions I'^cLs CHAPTER XVIII. GENERAL REGULATIONS FOR THE ORGANIZATION. GOVERNMENT AND DISCIPLINE OF COMMON SCHOOLS IN UPPER CANADA. ADOPTED ON THE 5tH PAY OF AUGUST, 1850, BY THE COUNCIL OF PUBLIC INSTRUC TION, AS AUTHORIZED BY THE COMMON SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. Skction 1. Hours of Daily Teachixo, Holidays and Vacations in the Schools. First. The hours of teaching each day shall not exceed six, exclusive of all the time aUowed at noon for recreation Nevertheless, a less number of hours for daily terchngmarbe deter mined upon m any school, at the option of the Trustees. teacning may De deter- Second. Every alternate Saturday shall be a Holiday in each School. Third. There shall be three vacations during each year ; the first, eieht dava at R»«f«r . the second, the first two weeks in August ; the third, eight da^s at Christmas. ^ '' ' Fourth. All agreements between Trustees and Teachers shall be subject to Ihe forecoinff Section 2. Duties of Common School Trustees in Rural School Sections. .^^^I'^-'\u '^^^ ^"^^ "i""'^ explicit manner in which the duties of Trustees are enumerated and stated m the several clauses of the Twelfth Section of the School Act, renders it un^ecessar^ to of Trustee's" and ^tl' t^^ "^^rT" ^^P^^'t-y remarks on the nature of the GeSal Ses Th«?^wtnt' »"<* *h«.''«lation8 subsisting between them and the Teachers whom they employ The law invests Trustees with most important functions ; they are a Corporation and as such fS'irveS^ ^?U ''""'lu "^ *^»^« School S.te, School House, aJd all the Pr%er ^attactS thert fo, 18 vested in them ; they are to provide and furnish the School House and Premises and te'Serl^'.f^"'^'' ^"l li' ^"^"°^ ' .'^"'^ '^'y «1°"« have authority to empFoy S^Sh^r Their duties are, therefore, of the greatest importance, and they should be well understood whiphtr«LnY'''^K ''^^/i^^'^e' employ the Teachor.-agree with him as to the period during of he Khlr T d fl°V^^ ^T'''''■ °J ^!? remuneration-the mode of teaching is at the opti" n th« «f,^!^ TK rj ^\ ^.^^ Superintendent and Visitors alone have a right to advise him on JSduce hfm Jnf.. f ^r "- "^ H- "^r "'rh'"^'/"^ «o Trustee, ur parent, should attempt to reduce him to that position. His character and his interest alike prompt him to make his instructions as efficient and popular as possible ; and if he does not give satisfaction hT^n be dismissed, according o the terms of his agreement with his employee. To interfre wftrhim ?s?hf ?.'/"' f™/ his discretion, as a Teacher, and then to dismiss him for inefficiency wSh 18 the natural and usual result, is to inflict upon him a double wrong, and frequently injurrthe il IfiG DOCUMENTARY HISIORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 m m I pupils themselves, and all parties concerned. It should then be distinctly understood, a. essential to the Teacher's character, position and success, that he judge for himself as to the mode of teaching in his School, including, of course, the classification of P"P»l8' »« ^«" ?» *f ® manner of instructing them. It is, nevertheless, the duty of the Trustees to see that the School is conducted according to ths Regulations authorized by the School Law. Third It is, therefore, important that Trustees should select a competent Teacher. The best Teacher is always the cheapest. He teaches most, and inculcates the best habits of learn- ing and mental development, in a given time ; and time and proper habits are worth more than money, both to pupils and their parents. Trustees who pay a Teacher fairly and punctually, and treat him properly, will seldom want a good Teacher. To employ an incompetent person, because he oflFers his incompetent services for a small sum, is a waste of money, and a mockery and injury of the youth of the neighbouthood. We entirely concur with the National Board of Education in Ireland, in the following estimate of the qualities of a good Teacher :— " A Teacher should be a person of Christian sentimont, of calm temper, and discretion; he should be imbued with the spirit of peace, of obedience to the law and of loyalty to us ^"vere'^n f he should not only possess the art of communicating knowledge, but be capable of moulding the mind of youth, and of giving to the power, which education confers, a useful direction. These are the qualitieB for which Patrons, [or Trustees], of Schools, when makirg choice of a Teacher, should anxiously look." Fourth Trustees will always find it the best economy to have a commodious School-House, kept comfortable, and properly furnished. It is as difficult for pupils to learn, as ib is for the Master to teach, in an unfurnished and comfortless School-House.* Fifth In the selection of Books to be used in the School, from the general list authorized according to law, the Trustees should see that but one series of Reading Books, one Arithmetic, or one for the beginners and another for thi more advanced pupils, one Geograpny, etcetera, should be used in any one School, in order that the scholars may be classified in the several branches which they are studying. Heterogeneous School Books, (however good each Book may be in itself,) render classification impossible, increase the labour and waste the time of the Teacher, and retard the progress of the pupils. But the Teacher and pupils labour at the greatest disadvantage, when they are compelled to use Books which are as various as the scholars' names. Section 3— Duties of Common School Teachers. The Sixteenth Section of the School Act of 1850 prescribes, in explicit and comprehensive terms, the duties of Teachers ; and no Teacher can legally claim his salary, who disregards the requirements of the law. Among other things, the Act requires each Teacher to maintain proper order and discipline in his school, according to the Forms and Regulations which shall be provided according to law." The law makes it the duty of the Chief Superintendent of Education to provide the Forms; and the Council of Public Instruction have prescribed the following Regulations for the guidance of Teachers in the conduct and discipline of their Schools. It shall be the duty of each Teacher of a Common School ;— First To receive courteously the Visitors appointed by law, and to afford them every facility for inspecting the Books used, and to examine into the state of the School ; to have the Visitors' Book open, that the Visitors may, if they choose, enter remarks m it. The frequency of visits to the School by intelligent persons, animates the pupils, and greatly aids the faithful Teacher, Second. To keep the Registers accurately and neatly, according to the prescribed forms ; which is the more important under the present School Act, as the Thirty-hrst Section of it authorizes the distribution of the local school fund according to the average attendance of pupils at each School. Third To classify the children according to the Books used ; to study those Books him- self ; and to teach according to the improved method recommended in their prefaces. Fourth, To observe himself, and to impress upon the minds of the pupils, the great rule of regularity and order,—" a time and a place for everything, and everything m its proper time and place." Fifth. To promote, both by precept and example, cleanliness, neatness, and decency. To effect thi" «^h° 'r8a''V.ar .honld ««t an example of cleanliness and neatness in his own person, and in the state and general appearance of the School. He sh ould also satisfy himself, by per- « It was not until 1871 that the School Law of that year ma° "^ " duty and a pmilege to aid, on such occasions, by their prC «nce and nfluence. While it is competent to a Visitor to engage in any exercise which shall no', be objected to by the authorities of the School, it is expecfed that noVS wil7in?rodu^ Jl'hKlbw cSranr' *'"' "^^"''''^' '° "^""''' ""' ^^' °^«"°«' *« ^»>« feelings oranycla"; Third. The Local Superintendents are School Visitors, by virtue of their office and their comprehensive duties, as such, are stated with sufficient minuteness in the Third clause of the innSe/f f""*'"" " 1' '^^ ^'^°°1, ^1" ^^"« ^''^^ ^°«*' Superintendent makes the careful inquiries and examin-^tions required by law, and give privately to the Teacher and Trustees such advice as he maydeeni expedient, and such counsel and encouragement to the piipilsTcTrcum wftHh'SS'rnTt ^'''^"''^l*'''^r^'*^°"« ^\^ cnciliator^ conduct t^S'aJl persons with whom ho 13 to communicate, and pursue such a line of conduct as will tend to uphold the just influence and authority, both of Trustees and Teachers. upnoia tne T ibr2l'?« f?° ^*-°"^ a recommendation cannot be given to the establishment of Circulating auxSarv in eacS ScZ!%I?r''''P?'i,r J ^°*^°°^ ^f "°"«- ^ '^^^'^^'^^P Association, with af auxiliary in each bchool Section, might, bv means of a comparatively small sum, supplv Dooular and useful reading for the young people of a whole Township. It is submitted JtheSus JiXoSlelge ""' "' "^'" ^ °^ '^'"'''''' *°^ ^'^^' ^"«"^« «^ 'h« ^^^^^^ °f"«" Section 5. Constitution and Government of Schools in respect to Religious and Moral Instruction. «l,«„u^r.?''"!.*'*?^? " 'u^ ^^'\r.1^ '""' ^^"^^ ^y^^*" of Elementary Education, that principle Lc^t^^rw^R ""^r^^l r^^^'I '^"*°""* ^" '^'''^^ «"' •» ™'^«'i Schools, to tL satis faction of both Roman Catholics and Protestants, the law provides for the establishment of Separate Schools, for the children of such parties and the Common School Act, of 1850 Four- teenth Section, securing individual rights, as well as recognizing Christianity, provides, ' fn J'F^*"* !" f"^- ^°'H' *"' Con'™"". School established under this Act, no child shall be' required wirA,°„llt"^' '"; '^L^T\ ^"^ '^f''^'""' ^°°^' ""• *° J»*" '" '^"y ^""^'^^'^ "f Devotion, or ReUgbn; 1^^ ?' J^'^ii-^Slf-V" \r ^''\ r '^^''.P^rents or guardians : Provided always. That. within^hU itm tatmn, pupilg shall bu allowed to receive sucli Rdigjoua Instruction as their parents, or guardians shall desire, according to the General Regulations which shall be provided according to law » ' In the Section of the Act, thus quoted, the principle of Religious Instruction in the Schools is recognized, the restriction within which it is to be r i is stated, and th-. exclusive right of SnnirFS "f ^""t^T °" ^^e Bubject is Secured, ,. -out any interpos. -.n from Trustees, {superintendents, or the Government itself. ' I, *' ,' I* 198 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. I860 The Common School being a day. and not a boarding School, rules arwiug from domestic relations and duties are not required ; and. as the pupils are under the care of thoir par«nt« «■"« guardians on Sundays, no Regulations are called for. in respect to their attendance at Public Worship. In veirard to the nature and extent of the daily Religious Exercises of the School, and the special Religious Instruction given to pupils, the Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada makes the following Regulations and Recommendations :— 1 The public Religious Exercises of each School shall be a matter of mutual voluntary arrangement between tKe Trustees and Teacher ; and it shall be a matter of °»»t"»l ^°;""*»'y arrangement between the Teacher and the parent, or guardian, of each pupil, as to whether he shall hear such pupil recite from the Scriptures, or Catechism, or other summa of Hel>K«>'i» Ooistrine and duty of the Persuasion of such parent, or guardian. Such rtciUtions, however, are not to interfere with the regular exercises of the S-'hool. 2 But the principles of Religion and morality should be inculcated upon all the pupils of the School. What the Commissioners of National Education i^Irelf"^ «tete as existing^m Schools under their charge, should characterize the instruction given in each bchool in upper Canaia. The Commissioners state, that "in the National Schools the importance of Religion is canaia. rne tJommiBsionerB bm»w, i-ui»k m 1/1.0 ^^ —■>'.•"• "^ ■ — \ r.^ ,. " ^^ constantly impressed upon the minds of children, through the works calculated to promote good principles and till the heart with love for Religion, but which are so compiled as not to clash with fhe dSnes of any particular class of Christians." In each School the Teacher »fould exert his best endeavours, both by example and precept, to impress upon the minds of all children and youth committed to his 4e and instruction, tL principles of piety, justice, and a J^'ef regard to truth, love to their country, humanity and universal benevolence, sobriety, »n«i"'»try, frugality, chastity moderation and temperance, and those other virtues which are the ornament of society and on which a free constitution of government is founded ; and , is the du y ofej^ph Teacher to endeavour to lead his pupils, as their ages and capacities will admit, ir to a «!«« ""d«'«^"4'°8 of the tendency of the above mentioned virtues, in order to preserve and perfect the blessings of law and liberty, as well as to promote their future happiness, and also to point out to them the evil tendency of the opposite vices. By order of the Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada. Toronto, 12th of August, 1850. J. Geobob H0DGIN8, Recording Clerk. W- CHAPTEK XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULARS IN REGARD TO THE LOCAL ADMINIS- TRATION OF THE COMMON SCHOOL ACT OF 1850. So many and so varied were the changes in the Common School Acts passed during the years 18*1-18*7, that the Chief Superintendent of Education deemed it most desirable, not only to give the Municipal Councils and other local administrators of the new School Act of 1850 full information in regard to its provisions, but also to furnish them with several practical suggestions as to the best means of carrying that School Act into effect. This he did by means of special Circulars addressed to each of the parties concerned. It was the more necessary thus to communicate directly with each of these parties concerned, from the fact that, with a few exceptions, the Members of the several Municipalities,— the local School Superintendents, the School Trustees and School Teachers, had but little experience in dealing with questions which would naturally arise in giving eff'ect to the provisions of a new School Law, which imposed upon them s--^- many import- ant responsibilities and duties.* __^ ■~^have omitted the Circulars relating to the ordinary Legislative Grant and other matters of a purely local, or tern pory character. 1850 Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULARS IN REOAHD TO COMMON SCHOOL ACT. 190 I. OlROCtAR TO THE WaHDKNH OF O0UNTIB8 IN UpPER CaNADA, ON THB DuTIB. OF COUNTV Municipal Councils undbr thk new Common School Act of 1860 UDpIr^cInada" whioh' i^vl* """'* to y„u herewith, a copy of the new Common School Act for Though the Act is new, the provisions of it are mere renewals of the orovisions of th« general School Act of 1846 and the dities and Towns School Act^of 1847 - coiSod^^^^^^^ Act, with a new and more simple arrangement, and such additional proSn. TexSerience hw rSr'e 'Thedut^ie^TtZ ?J ^^e Schools and the new system of ^Mu^^^Cou„^c^s"eem" wme tfl were fclo.« nf Il,l n- f''-^^'*"","'"' U"**"!" **>« "«"^ ^''^^"^ ^ct, kre substantially the ?? Au /T . 5?® °* .. ? I>'8t"ct Councils under the School Act of 1846 with this excention that the County Council is relieved from the task of forming and altering School S^tfons and g^ considering application, and levying assessments for the erection IndrepairToflihool enabKt^ToreTirmiXSir"/ ^unicipal Councils, a two-fold provision has been made to W«l !ff.,l^ Jm^ ' '''''^"8*' ^}\^" 1°«« Representatives, to meet together and manage their own iTc^lvT^ clnt:7nL^Ji^'\^^^ "^ the RepresenUtives o^f the seve^l Townships col TownsWo in suoh^ Slv ' " ^" " ^^-^^l ™"«*'"8 °' "^^^ ''®^«"'l Renresentativls of a as well as in the other h.^^inT"'"^^- ^^l' **"" '^""T^ Townships that ait in the one case Of courae some Siv«i«?^v 'nf • '^"^ "'^*' ^^^^ '"'t collectively, and in the other separately.. «;.f ™ t'- u ai^eraity of opinion may naturally exist as to the precise parts of a School a?veTapacS?5 "'lftr^at"'"*^'tY- '^' '^T"''*'^ '^ ''''" <=«»«ctivef or separate, represen?! Townshfps /eoamtSv ^If consult^vtion and much consideration, it has been decided that the lownsmps separately can best arrange the boundaries of School-Sections, and do whatmav be deemed expedient id provid ng School Sites, and for erecting and repSg SchooirHousTand mposing other School-Section assessments ; but that the Townships can best consult coltec or S:«"l„orf ntV' *^' "^''"°° "^/'•''P*^ ^""'"^ School Superintendent^rand L best "™^^^^^^^ S2l\TtrslooTFu:r" *"' P""''*"''^ ^'"^•'^"« an^d payment of the local asse"™^ a„^ ^ti"^'".-^® *T ^y tJ'e First Section of the new School Act of 1850, that all lawful proceedincs confirmed uTl fuimUF^'^Z'^l'''^' ^'^'t ^'"'^ ^^'"^ P^*«« ""'^^^ former SchooTlctsa?e conlirmed unti fulfilled, or modified, according to the provisions of this Act. The duties of the County Councils are specified in the several clauses of the Twenty-seventh Section of the Act ^i. ^' '^^® S."' *"** immediate duty of the County Council will be to cause to he leviflrl .mnn hLro^cICfo^^ " *'« ^r^''* Bum,orsLs I^Tsreql'l Zro^ll ourKilSi^^i^Q 1, ?r""V°'^'"'' °^ ""."^y apportioned to them for the current year out of the Legislative School Grant. That apportionment I have notified to the Clerk of each County Council, as required by the Thirty fifth Section of the Act. If any of the TownXip Councils in your County have anticipated the apportionment of the Legislative grant, andhave levied a sum, or sums, for the payment of the salaries of Teachers eqSal to th? amount of the Legislative School Grant apportioned to such Municipalities therein, then it will be unnecessarl m such cases, for the County Council to impose any further asse;.ment But i^every S wZ-? ?°Zt """a^ fit *^'*' *^*iVr' assessment part of the School Fund s avai hble to JuSe eL oX firri? r/ '^' '^f^'i^'^^iytt''-!^^^ legislative grant part of it being payable ?nVi« r«v««L TU n l^^- ^" *^® neighbouring State of New York, this order of pVoceed- ind atteS to thi StSi"^'^ assessment part of the School Fund must be imposed and collected and attested to the State Superintendent, before the State part of the Fund apportioned to any 14th a^ T%^allfd tJL7 ^""'Tm^^'*^^^^^^^^ ^?^*^«^« °^ Districts, anrdaJeS January iWV to the eS !nol f f fl « P^y'nent ^fthe Schoof mrne^rin"^ yistnct by one financial officer, (m the person of the District Superintendent of Schools ) has during the last few years, been attended with no inconvenience equal to the advantegeTof it of course, no greater inconvenience wil l be experienced by confin i ng the paym ent of sucTi moneys * See pages 214-218 of the Seventh Volume of this Documentary History. ' ~~ S i ?l y "1 ^r 1 ! -a*'. too DOCUMBNTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATIO.V IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 ».Hi to the County Trewuror. But, if the Count nuuibor of •ub-TreMuror», even to tht Tr*» providinu for unifurnuty of ref,ponwbility «- uienta of Mchool- money H. I nd . his syste temptation, ftt any time, from cunsir' -'Avni per. payment of ■ohooi monevB ; thoy ^ « relieved giving sureties, as heretofore will he extremely nimpleand v.(it> (^(Mincil deem it expedient, it can appoint any irer '*' 'ivch Township as a suh TreaHurer, duly oa in the iiiethad iind punctuality of pay- ^hool 8u|>«M'inlundentH will be under no nal convenience »" withholu, or delay, the >rn k«ej)in« financial ac^iounts, and from The iu«»de of Hccountn ,g for the expenditure uf'^^'n tfie ^ouuty Treasurer, r Sub-Trt-asurer ; and the Local Superintendent's cheque will, iu tmieh instance, be such Treasurs^r. or Sub-Treasurer's, receipt for the school-money paid out by hirt. The duty of the County Auditor will »« plain and easy ; and the school mcmeys will be liest st^witd «g Jnet evury kind of misapproprK^tion. 3. The next most important duty which th. new School Act devolves uj in the County Council, is the annual appointment of Locul Suuenntendonts of Schools. I believe that it is gener- ally agreed, that it 13 not expedient, or desirable, to have both County and Township Superin- tendents, but as to which class of those locivl School Officers should be provided, there is consider- able diversity of opinion,~some prtferring a County Superintendent, otherh desiring Township Superintendents. The new School Act leaves the decision of this questior to the choice of the Tiocal Representatives of the people assembled in County Councils,— each Counci. having author- ity to appoint a School Superintendent for each Township, or for two, three, or four Townships, or for a County, provided it does not contain more than one hundred Schools. In some muni- cipalities, where the duties of the olttce have been very imnerfectly discharged, doubts are entei-tained by many persons as to the utility of the office at all ; but this in not the case whore the office is filled with ability, diligence and skill ; and actively educating School Countiies are unanimous in their judgment and practice as to the vast importance of an efficient local inspec- tion and (.upervision of Schools.* The new School Act of 1850, by fixing the minimum of the allowance of a Local Superin- tendeu, , has relieved the Municipal Council of what has often proved an embarrassing and thankless duty, T 'ring the last Session of the New York State Legislature, a Bill was intro- duced, on the rt ,imengether relieved, in regard to its remuneration.! * The foUowitiK remarks fron. a late New York School Report, deserves the deep attention of uU Municipal Councils, School Trustses and other friends of popular education : " The success of Schools is based upon two thin»;s which are closel.v connected and mutually dependent on each other ; videlicet, the pre-eminent moral and intellectual ciualifications of Teachers, and the active and vigilant supervision of In- spectors to render the methods of teaching more and more perfect. If either of these lie wantiiiK; the whole fabric receives a shock from which it is most ditficult to recover. The freat and important object is to have Good Schools, To have none is a (Treat disadvantage; but to have hafl Schools, in which error is taught and learned, is a great misfortune. A superm- tending iwwer is the main spring of all Schools. A men : . reflection will satisfy an.vone that the whole must hinge upon it. If the education of the people be seriousl_v taken up, i ni.iy rest assured that the whole vigor and life of that etluca- tion will depend upon the system by which it is to te i.^ advance; they may, by Kome transient circumstances, .■ ".ve do not speedily fall back into a deplorable state of lan^if" *! active government, the spirit of that government will be ; ■:• it life and motion." IThis provision in regard to the duties and minimum of t,t> •.»'» ., Me; mtendents ol v iiools, 1 flrst submitted to the con- sideration of the Oovernment on the 23rd of February, 184a It fonj.^l the 23rd Section of a then proposed "Drait of Bill making further provision for the improvement of Common Schools in Upper Canada," -designed to remedy the defects of the then existing School law, and to adapt it to the provisions of the Honourable Attorney -General Baldwin's Municipal Council Bill, then before The Legislature. The following are the reasons I assigned for this provision : The Tiventy -third Section confers upon Township .Superintendents, within the limits of their respective jurisdictions, the powers of District Superintendents, .vith two vitally imi)ortant provisos : -The one, fixing the minimum of the allow- ance to Township Superintendents, [at One pound per school,] the other prescribing additional dutiee of the highest im- 'f'.il H K be weak and Insecure, the Schools will make no ^ .tary .!.i''c<'ss, but there will be no security that they hiiveve.-. nese Schodig are place of men and things, but a vi«itori»l examination of each School once a <|uarter, (which, if conducted as the I >w ex|>re«i*ly enjoins, on !r.>r be perfortned in more than two HchoolH a day,) and a Lecture on edi ition in each Nohool . t,cHr • once a year, and the examination of TeachorH for the HohooU, tliti County Council shou i ..pare no i>ain8 to search out and appoint men an Local Muperi tendenta of bchnoU. who will command public attention as LecturerH, who uml rstand tho true pinidplea ot School Organization, and the improved mcxloa of School Teaching, who will do juHtico to th»i }?reat inti , . * entrusted tt, wliero i,lic good of tlieir children in tit stake, tnon should diHUiisH tluir imrrow piejudic«>8, and tear in sunder tli»« shackles of party. They should conHult only ' the greatt-Ht goo.! to tho great- est riunihor' of the rising generation, riiov should direct their prcferenue-t to thote only who ai tho Vo those only, the smoke of whose incenn«), oll'ered in tlu holy ardent friends of youtlilul progress. Ti cause, daily n . on>!H to >■ nv. u • whose lips have ' Iwen touched with a hurning toal from tlu) altar'!''' And as llie selection to the Office of Local Superintendent of Schools should be made upon the sole groviiid of personal (lualification and character, and irrespective of party considerations, Bo should the duties of the office he performed in the same spirit.* During the recent discussions in thf> I, jislative Assembly on the School Bill, it was averred on all sidrs that the office of the Chi«f Superintendent of Education was and should be non political, that whatever might have been the political opinions of the Incumbent, or of his mode of advocating them, previously to his appointment to office, that, as in the case of a judge, he should take no part in party political questions during his continuance in office. On this principle I have sacredly acted hinoe my appointment to office, as was admitted in gratifying terms by all parties in thc! di ussion referred tot ; and I think the same principle should be insisted ujwn by each County t ouncil, in respect to each local Superintendent of Schools, and should be faithfully acted upon hy every person filling that important office, thus making it e(|ually confided in by all clMsses f the community. I am sure every Municipal Council in Upper Canada will agree with me, tli^ the entire superintendence of the School System, in all its parts and applications, should 1>. per- fectly free from the spirit, or tinge, of political partizan ship, —that its influence, like the g nial light and warmth ol the sun, should be employed for the equal benefit of all, without regard to party, sect, or colour. It will, of course, be a matter of discretionary consideration with each County Council, as to whethei-, or not, it will leave any, or all, the Township Superintendents in office during tho remainder of the current year, before re-appointing, or changing, them. If not re-appointed, or changed, the present Local Superintendents will, of course, (as provided by the first Sectli n of the Act of 1860) be paid for the current year by the Council appointina; them, and accordiis j; to its agreement with them. But they must henceforth perform their duties according to tl e provisions of the new School Act, -the basis and authority in future of all Common Sohoi ' proceedings of every description. In all cases, where the superintendence of Schools in an^ Township has not, for the current year, been provided, it will be necessary for the Countj portonce to tlie proirress of Common Schools, (namely, that the Suncrintendent should visit each School once a quarur, and deliver a LejJtuie on Kducation in each Section, once a year.] Without these provisoH, I think the avHteni of Township SuperintendentH will prove n failure, as it ha« done in the State of New York ; with these provisos, I think it will add very greatly to the efficiency of our Common Scliool System. In the Municipal Con)orations Bill, of 1841), I perceive thi mini- mum of allowance to rcrtain officers is pres(ril)ed by law ; and I think such a provision al>sohitel\- essential to the efficiency Of thr )fflcp of Towim.iip Superintendent. The inefficiency of the late office of To« nship SiiperintendPiit was, I am pef- auadi '" .lefly owinij to the absence of tlie provisos which I here propose. In some ins anccs, persons offered to perform the duties of Township Superintendent Kratuitously, and such offers were in ari ably accepted ; but that if ratnitons zeal econ subsideft ; and as gra'uitoug service Is ' irres. onsible service,' those who performed it consi.iercd themselves entitled to gratitude for the little that thev did, rather than liable to blame for the much that thev did not. Besides, when there were rfval candidates for the office, the lowest bidder almost always received the largest suffrage ; but when once in ofilce, he would proi)ortion his work to his conip. usation . Such was the tendency and practical effects of the system ; althouith there were many honourable exceptions. And a still worse effect of that system was, the appointment, under such circum- stances, of many incompetent persons. The first proviso which I propose, will remove all competition for the office ui>on pecuniary grmin•, > -.i-j-,C _,j!i » it f i _, . „• , . ------ ----•— -I-- p^-. — ■» ~. ~m )< "• "j-'-T (rnicn Will ftrsttit irum ;ticii an arrariirc- ment, can scarcely be estimated." " Correopondeiu-e i>„ the subject of the School Law for Upper Canada," lately (aid Wore, amlpruited by order of, the Lefihlntive Axsemhly, 1860. .See page 216 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. See also pages 224-250 of the Same Volume. PI u'lf ^r i*"® efforts niade in 1848 to introduce an improved system of Comnian School Inspection, See pages 52-56 of the Eighth \olume of this Documentary History. r . r» t See particularly the very decided and satisfactory remarks on this subject bv the Honourable Francis Hincks. 'who nad charge of the School Bill of 1850 in the House of Assembly,) on pages 14, 15 of this \olume. I '.i* i 1 \%^ 202 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 I*' * if"- Council to supply that essential instrumentality for the payment of the School moneys and the supervision of the Schools. 4. In respect to the exercise of other powers with which the new Act invests the County Council, I do not think it necessary to malie more than one, or two, remarks : I trust that by the commencement of next year, provisions will be made for the establishment of School Libraries, when the County Council will be able to judge as t« the mode in which it can best employ its le^al powers for the introduction and diffusion of that most potent element of high civilization.* The County Council is, of course, the best judge whether, and to what extent, it may be desirab'e and expedient to make provision " to give special or additional aid to new, or needy, School Sections, on the recommendation of one, or more, local Superintendents." It will be important that the County Council should see that all balances of School moneys, yet unexpended, and in the hands of any Local School Superintendent, and all Township Assess- ments for raising part of the current year's School Fund, be paid into the hands of the County Treasurer, or sub-Treasurer, and expended and accounted for in the manner prescribed by the new Act. 6. The spirit in which the provisions of the new School Act have been, generally speaking, discussed and adopted in the Legislature, I regard as an omen for the good of our Country, and worthy of imitation in all Municipal and local School proceedings throughout Upper Canada. Party diftb. jnces were not permitted to mar this great measure for the education of the people ; and, although, there were individual differences of opinion among men of different parties, as to some details of the Bill, yet men of all pt^rties united in the support of its general principles, and in an earnest desire and effort to render it as perfect as possible in all its provisions I hope that no party spirit will be permitted to impair the efficiency of its administration in any Municipal Council, Public Meeting, or Corporation In the great work of providing for the education of the young, let partizanship and sectarianism be forgotten; and all acting as Christians and patriots, let us each endeavor to leave our Country better than we found it, and stamp upon the whole rising and coming generations of Canada, the principles and spirit of an activo, a practical, a generous and a Christian intelligence. ToRONxo, 31st of July, 1850. Egerton Ryerson. III. Circular to the Mayors of Cities and Towns in Upper Canada, on the duties OF City and Town Councils, under the Common School Act of 1850. 1. In transmitting to you a copy of the new Common School Act of 1860, 1 wish to call the attention of the Council, over which you have been elected to preside, to its principal provisions relative to Cities and Towns. . . . 2. By the lirst Section of the Act, you will perceive that all the Elections, Appointments, Contracts, Assessments, and so forth, which have taken place in your Municipality are confirmed, until fulfilled, or superseded, according to the provisions of the same. By the Forty-seventh Section of the Act, you will observe that the election of a new Board of School Trustees is provided for to bake place in your Municipality the first Tuesday in September next, and that you are authorized and required to give due notice for the holding of such election. 3. From the Twenty-first and three following Sections of the Act, it will be seen, that there is to be but one Board of School Trustees for each City, or Town, as there has been since 1847 ; but that such Board of Trustees must be elected by the taxable inhabitants, instead of being appointed, as heretofore, by the Municipal Corporation. 4. It is at variance with a fundamental principle of Representative Government, to invest Members of a Board of Trustees, who are not elected Representatives of any constituency, with discretionary power to raise by taxation, or cause money to be so raised for school purposes. It has been found, however, that, without such power, their office is quite inadequate to accomplish the objects for which it hap been created. There is also reason to believe that, as a general rule, persons who are formally elected by the suffrages of their fellow-citizens at large, for the special object of representing and promoting their educational interests, will, with this responsibility upon them, be more likely to attend to those matters with greater interest and zeal than the nominees of any Corporation, — although much, (and in some instances great,) good has been done during the last three years by Boards of Trustees appointed by the Corporations of the several Cities and Towns in Upper Canada 5. Under the provisions of the new School Act, the School Trustees of each City and Town are to be elected by a larger suSrage than are the Members of the Municipal Council ; and, being the special Representatives of their fellcT-citizens for School purposes, they properly should have the management of all the Common School affairs for the City or Town, and so determine the sum, or sums, of money to be raised for Common School purposes, and the * See special remarks on the subject of School Libraries on page 173, and also the Circular to Publisher on jjage 192, ot this Volume. 1850 Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULARS IN REGARD TO COMMON SCHOOL ACT. 203 manner in which such sum, or sums, of money shall be provided. But, as the whole apparatus, or agency for levying and collecting property assessments, has already been created, and is in the hands of the Municipal Council, it would be superfluous, and bad economy, to create a new municipal authority, and a new agency of officers, and so forth, for levying and collecting assessments for school purposes, as that power is already in the hands of the Officers of the Municipality. To do this, therefore, devolves upon the Municipal Council, whose duty in this respect is strictly ministerial. 6. There is the system which has been established with so much success in the principal Cities and Towns of the neighbeuring States, from which we have adopted so much of the machinery of our general Common School System. In the City of New York, for example, the Board of Education, (called with us the Board of School Trustees,) the Members of which are elected in the several Wards of the City, as is provided in the new School Act with us, deter- mines the sum, or sums, of money necessary for any, or every, Common School purpose, and the Municipal Authorities are required, by law, to provide the sum, or sums, thus determined, from time to time, by the School Representatives of the people. And, in behalf of no object is there such unanimous and cordial willingness, among all classes and parties, to contribute liberally, as for the education of the young. 7. In my Circular, dated the 15th January, 1848, addressed to Heads of City and Town Corporations,* I explained at large the System of Schools required to supply the educational wants of our Cities and Towns, and for which provision is made by establshing one elective Board of Trustees, with proper powers, for all the Schools, in each City, or Town. The exposi- tion of the School law, which I then gave, need not be repeated in this place ; but, after the elec- tion of new Boards of School Trustees for Cities and Towns, I shall deem it my duty to address them on the nature of their duties and responsibilities under the provisions of the present new School Act of 1850 ;— an Act which I trust, is destined to confer great and laating benefits upon the Cities, Towns, and Villages, as well as Counties and Townships, of Upper Canada. Toronto, 12th August, 1850. Egerton Ryerson. IV. Circular to the Taxable Inhabitants of Cities and Towns, on the Subject of the Election of Boards of School Trustees. I.I desire to adopt this method of calling your attention to the new and important duty which devolves upon you of electing Common School Trustees on the first Tuesday of Septem- ber next. 2. According to the provisions of the new Common School Act of 1850, there is to be but one Board of Trustees for the management of all the Common Schools in each City, or Town, in Upper Canada. That Board is to be composed of two persons from each Ward of such City, or Town; which persons are to be elected by all the Taxable Inhabitants of such Ward, at the place of the last Municipal election, and in the same manner as the Members of the City, or Town, Council are elected. One of the Trustees elected in each Ward retires from office on the second Wednesday of January in each year, and his place is to be filled by popular election. 3. The Trustees thus elected are the School Representatives of the Inhabitants of each City, or Town. They have the sole power of employing Teachers and of determining the sums which shall be raised and expended for all Common School purposes, and how, and when, such sums shall be raised. They are the Common Sohool Corporation of each City, or Town. 4. The character and condition of the Common Schools in each City, or Town, will be de- termined by the character of the School Corporation elected. According to the Forty-seventh Section of the new School Act, of 1850, the first election is to take place on the first Tuesday of next September, pursuant to notice to be given by the Mayor of each City, or Town. On the School Corporations, thus elected, will devolve all the obligations which have been incurred by the present Boards of School Trustees for the Cities, or Towns. 5. The election of proper persons as School Trustees in the several Wards of each City, or Town, is, therefore, a matter of the greatest importance. They should, doubtless, be persons who understand the Common School wants of their fellpw-citizens, or townsmen, and who will take a deep and lively interest in supplying such wants. I would, therefore, respectfully submit for your consideration, whether it would not be well to have each Board compiled, as near as maybe, of an equal number of Clergymen and Laymen,— one Clergyman and one Layman to be eicvtcU iwr cscii >Tnia. mUa ijcttiiy, ii iiut qUiLu ail, Mio rvcligious I'crsuasions of eacn uity, or Town, would be represented through the Ministers ; and the Laymen will be best able to attend to the financial afiairs of the Schools, and the Clergy will have the most leisure and be in the best position to attend to the literary character and discipline of the Schools, and to use the most efficacious means of securing the attendance of all eligible children in each City, or Town. The 'Inserted on pages 218-222 of the Seventh Volume of this Documentary History. I hi %4 Ml >s ' i ! 'mi ir 204 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 I ' I ,1- a union of the representatives of several Religious Persuasions in each Board will effectually pre- vent anything like mere sectarianism in the Schools, while these Schools will be invested with a {)roper moral and Christian character ; and, in all Education Boards, of which I have any know- edge, (and they are common in the neighbouring States,) which consist partly of Laymen and partly of Clergy of different Religious Persuasions, the proceedings are characterized by har- mony, propriety, and efficiency. 6. I, therefore, respectfully submit for your consideration the importance of trying this plan of constituting your Boards of Common School Trustees. If. on trial, it should not realize your expectations, you can easily adopt another, — as one half of each Board of Trustees retire at the beginning of each Year But, if, on the other hand, it shall be found to work well, (as I am persuaded it will,) the greatest benefit must result from thus securing the intelligence and leisure and influence and zerl of the Clergy, in connection with the Laity of the different Religi- ous Persuasions, in educating the children of the masses of our fellow-citizens and townsmen ; and their friendly and efficient co-operation in a work of this kind, will, I am confident, issue in increasing friendly and fraternal feelings in other respects and in other matters. It is under the influence of these convictions, that I have taken the liberty to make the suggestion, in call- ing your attention to the approaching election of a Board of Trus> ees, as required by the new School Act of this year. Toronto, August 16th, 1850. Egerton Ryerson. V. Circular to the Boards of Schooi. Trustees in the several Cities axd Towns, on THEIR DUTIES UNDER THE COMMON SCHOOL ACT OF 1860. 1. Your fellow-citizens and townsmen have elected you to a trust, the most important and responsible ; and the new School Act of this year invests you with new and ample powers to fulfil that tr jst, so as to extend the facilities of a sound education to each child in every City and Town in Upper Canada. On you will rest the responsibility, if any of the Schools under your charge is inefficient, whether from the employment of an improper Teacher, or from the want of a proper School House, or proper Furniture, on Text Books, or if a single child be unprovided with the means of education ; and. to you will appertain the satisfaction and honour and gratitude, which shall never die, if each School, over which you are placed, be a living foun- tain of knowledge and virtue, and if each child within your jurisdiction has unobstructed access to that fountain. Water and bread and clothing are not more needful for the health and growth and comfort of the body, than are the food and pulsations of knowledge to the vital energy and divine distinction of mind. The uneducated child grows up into a mere animal of bones and sinews, with tastes and sympathies and often with habits as degraded and pernicious as they might be exalted and useful. 2. The destiny of each child in each City and Town, — especially of the more laborious classes — is, in a great measure, in your hands. You are its chosen and elected educational guardians ; and, as such, you have the power of training and sending him forth an intelligent and useful citizen, or of neglecting and turning him out both a victim and instrument of the worst propensities of our nature. . 3. Our Cities and Towns are the centres and hearts of large sections of Country, and radiate influences, for good, or for evil, which are felt over the whole areas of the surrounding circle. This is especially the case in Upper Canada, when domestic relations and every variety of social and business intercourse between Town and Country aie so numerous and intimate. 4. In your new and responsible position, the first subject which will naturally engage your attention is the nature of the work which lies before you. It is to provide primary instruction for children from five to eight years of age ; — intermediate instruction for those from eight to eleven years of age ; — and higher instruction for youths from eleven to fourteen. The nature and classification of subjects contained in this course of instruction, need not be here enumerated, or stated ; but they will at once suggest the proper gradation ot Schools and the several depart- ments in the same School, when established upon a Targe scale, and including several teachers. 5. The providing of proper School Houses, furnished with Maps, Apparatus, and the needful Text-books for the pupils, tlie employment of efficient Teachers, the appointment of an able and active Superintendent of the Schools, and the selection of an intelligent and faithful local Com- mittee for each School, or Ward, together with the estimate and provision for the support of the Schools, will next engage your earnest attention, and constitute the principal subject of your future solicitude and labours. A division of labour will be one of the most convenient, if not essential, means of accomplishing these purposes with any degree of facility, or success ; such as the appointment of a Committee on School Houses ; a Committee on the Qualifications, Employ- ment and Salaries of Teachers ; a Committee on Text-books and Apparatus ; a Committee on Examinations and Discipline ; a Committee of Ways and Means, and another on Finance and Accounts. J V 1850 Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULAllS IN REGARD TO COMMON SCHOOL ACT. 205 u """^^l^r Towns and Incorporated Villages, bo minute a division of labour among the Members of the Board of Trustees will not be necessary. Most of the Committees should report once » month at the monthly Meeting of the Board of Trustees ; the Committee on School Ex- aminations should attend the Quarterly Examinations of the Schools, and should report the re- sult of the examinations in each School. The Local Superintendent of Schools, (who should be a practical Teacher,— a man of virtue, a lover of youth, and an ardent friend and promoter of knowledge,) should visit each of the Schools and report on their state and progress at least once a month; and his Report should specially include, among other things, a statement of the manner m which the School Registers are kept, and the reaularity of the attendance of pupils, as well as the character of the Organization, Classification, Teaching and Discipline in each School. He should have Quaterly meetings of the Teachers, to interchange views on various points of instruction and discipline, in order to promote harmony of action, and cause the whole system of schools in each City, or Town, to tend towards a high and uniform standard of excellence. 7. To enter into a minute detail of all the regulations and proceedings which must be adop- ted, in order to establish and maintain a proper system of schools in each City, or Town, would entirely exceed the limits of this Circular. The importance, objects and peculiar features of this bystem of Schools, I explained, at some length, in a Circular addressed to the Heads of City *?i Q^^^"^ Corporations in January, 1848, on the introduction of the City and Town School Acr, li- o ' ^^^^ *°^ ^^^^ Victoria, Chapter 19.* The economy and great practical advantages of this System of Schools in Cities and Towns where it exists in the neighbouring States, are shown in the First volume of the Journal of Education for Upper Canada pages 121-123, and 160-163. 8. Under these circumstances, it would be superfluous for me to dwell at length upon the subject anew ; but to aid you »a far as in my power in the great work on which you are now entering, I have purchased, and I hope soon to be able to place in the hands of the Board of School Trustees for each City and Town in Upper Canada, Mr. Henry Barnard's most useful worlt on " School Architecture,— an octavo volume of nearly four hundred pages, containing upvv; ds of three hundred illustrations, and embracing all the important improvements which have been made in the last few years in the construction of School Houses for Schools of every grade, frcm the Infant School to a Normal School, with suitable plans for the arrangement and con- struction of Seats, Desks, and for Warming and Ventilation, for Appendages, Grounds," and so forth. I will also endeavour to procure for each City, Town and Village Board of School Trustees, (whom I am now addressing), a copy of the " Rules and Regulations for Public Schools which have been adopted by the Boards of Education, or Trustees, in the Cities of Boston and Providence, (Rhode Island,) and, under the operation of which, the most complete and efficient Syt^tem of Schools has been matured, which, 1 think, exists in any City, or Town either in Europe, or America. ' 9. Our School Law confers upon each Board of Trustees all the powers of establishing and maintaining various kinds of Schools, (Classical, as well as Common,— see Twelfth Section of the School Act. 4th clause,) which are conferred upon the School Corporations of the Cities referred to ; and, my earnest desire and prayer is, that you may be disponed and enabled to exercise these powers with like wisdom, patriotism and success. t 10 It is in the character and facilities of Public School Education, in their Cities and Towns, that our American neighbours far excel us. I think our Rural Schools, as a whole, are advancing more rapidly than theirs ; but, in each of their Cities and Towns, they have in effi- cient operation, au uniform and magnificent System of Schools, the advancement of which is the highest ambition of their best citizens, and which offers free education to the poor, as well as the rich,— to all classes upon equal terms, according to property. In all our Cities and Towns, we now have substantially their School Law ; and I fervently hope we shall soon have as good, and even better Schools. It is with the elective Board of School Trustees in each City and Town in Upper Canada to say whether this shall be so or not. Toronto, 7th of October, 1850. Egeeton Rybrson. Appendix to the foregoing Circular— The Kingston School House. In reply to a Letter to the Chief Superintendent of Education, from the Honourable John Macaulay, School Trustee of Kingston, in which Mr. Macaulay stated that the City Board of School Trustees intended to erect a very superior kind of School House, for a Classical School, in that City, and reqiiesting the * Printed on pages 218-222 of the Seventh Volume of this Documentary History. t An example of the pul)lio-8pirited manner in which the Board of School Trustees In the City of Kinirston avalle fj . j 206 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPl ER CANADA. 1850 Chief Superintendent to furnish the Board with approved plans of School Houses, the Chief Superintendent replied as follows : — I rejoice that you intend to build a School House worthy of the Town in which it is to be situated, and of the object for which it is intended. It would not be worth while for me to oflFer remarks in regard to the Site and erection ; but I herewith, transmit you some numbers of the Jmimal of Education, containing plans of Grammar Scho«)l Houses, erected in the City of Providence, Rhode Island ; and I would recom- mend you, to procure a Book, containing a great variety of plans of School Houses and exhaust- ing the whole subject of School Architecture, entitled " Barnard's School Architecture," pub- lished by A. S. Barnes and Company, New York. As to connecting a Bearding hall and Master's Residence with your School House, I would advise you to have nothing to do with one or the other, but reserve all your resources for your School House and School. If you erect a Teacher's Residence, the expense of keeping it in repair, besides the building of it in the first place, will be considerable ; and it will, after all, be of little advantage to you in procuring a qualified and able Master. In regard to a Boarding Hall in connexion with any Acadamy, Grammar School, or College, experience has led to its abandonment, almost universally in the United States, on both econ- omical and moral grounds. The Boarding Hall of Upper Canada College, which has not been used as such for several months, has been nearly the financial ruin of that Institution, and a great injury to the morals of numbers of pupils. The boarding Hall of Victoria College has been a great burden upon its financial interests, although much care has generally been bestowed upon the morals of the pupils and Students. In establishing the Normal School, we resolved to have no public Boarding Hall, but to sanction private Boarding Houses, on application and proper recommendations, and agreement to maintain certain Regulations required by the Board of Education. If it be ascertamed that such Regulations are not observed in any House sanctioned by the Board, the Students are required to leave it, and such sanction is withdrawn. Such a system relieves us of all the expense and responsibility connected with a Boarding Hall and is, I am persuaded, much more beneficial to the morals of the Students, than to have them all collected together in one House. The Dormitories of which you speak, are not conducive to virtue— especially of young boys i and the erection and furnishing, etcetera, of separate Bed-rooms for a public Institution are very expensive. Public Boarding Schools for boys, or girls, are, I believe, generally injurious, weakenine the domestic feelings, exciting «, disrelish for the quiet and retirement of the domestic circle, and a fondness for the extravagance and bustle of public places. The social feelings and tastes, which children imbibe in the course of their education, are certainly as important as the intellectual knowlec^e they acquire ; and the nearer their mode of living, habits and associations at School approach those at home, or a private family, the better. If the Masters receive boarders, I would let them do so, like other persons, as private indi- viduals, and on their own account, and by no means on behalf of the Institution with which they are connected. Much stronger, moral influence is exercised towards them personally, when they are dispersed among private families, than when they are congregated together, in one Boarding-hall. We find it most clearly so, in respect to the Students of the Normal School,— in the whole of their daily deportment, as well as in their attendance, at their respective places of worship every Sabbath, and their attendance upon Religious Instruction by their respective Ministers, every Friday afternoon. The avoidance of expense and difficulty and trouble by the same arrangement, is also immense. I wish you eviery success, in your noble course of proceed- ing. Toronto, 16th January, 1860. Egbrton Ryerson. VI. Circular to the Town Rreves, on the Duties of Township Councils under the new Common School Act of 1850 for Upper Canada. 1. In the Eighteenth, and two following sections of the new Common School Act for Upper Canada, [page 37-391, special powers and duties are conferred upon Township Councils, in addition to the gener-tl powers given them in the Third clause of the Thirty-first Section of the Munici- pal Corporations' Act, {12th Victoria, Chapter 81.) On the duties which are thus devolved upon Township Ccvuncils, and on this part of our School system, I think it proper to offer a few practical leuiarks ' 2. As in common life, there are some things which each individual can do best alone, and other things which can be best accomplished by combination with others ; so, in our Municipal and Common School Systems, there are some interests which can be best promoted by the Townshipr separately, and others which can be best consulted by the union of several Town- 1850 Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULARS IN REGARD TO COMMON SCHOOL ACT. 207 ships, assembled through their representatives, in the County Council. The line of demark- ?K!f!I7 *!^ A ^«'"'%'T '>*»/^««n»«d »t 'no't natural and advantageous to draw, in prescribing the respective duties of Township and County Councils, (that is, of Townships separately an! collectively,) m the administration of the School System, I have pointed out in tL preceding Oir (sie p.ie8°19&02? "" ' "°*' *^*'''^«'«' ^«''»»" """^e to the subject in this ?lace. +;n««^"f ??if "'''^''"^If ""^ i^'^Ju^ ^^^S- Township Council to levy assessments, on certain condi- tions, for the purchase of School Sites, the erection of School Houses, and other Common IS 5»fPTi B^\"° P'qI"i'^ "[^^^ ''?***® first clause of the Eighteenth Section of the new «lh L1.!.* fJ^?^' [P«ge 37], as to require no other remark than thi8,-that the inhabitants of ewh School Section ought certainly to be the judges as to assessments levied upon them for the school purposes of their own Section, and their wishes should be carried into effect, without regard to the opinions of any person not belonging to their School Section ; and, as the Coun- ^'iwiT ?® P^P®"" ^.P'«fent«\v«« e^ ""^ Township affairs, so should the Trustees of each School Section, (or a majority of them,) be regarded as the Representatives of such Section in its School affairs. Such are the true principles involved in this clause of the Act. •1 *: P^ •®*'°".'^ ""'^^""^ °^ the Eighteenth Section of the new Act [page 37] authorizes the Coun- T\ f^-UMt^\^ ^'^^i''^ a Township Model School. The attempts of local CouncSs IfhJ^Wl. ^'''^'^ Schools have thus ar proved entire failures* ; and, with one exception! 1 think the money applied by the Councils and from the School Grant for such Schools has done little good. T^e late District Councils have, in every instance except oSe, a Woned ,ind«S • •/ Til. '"««''* *^ T'' Township Council to consider such a matter well before undertaking It. To the success and usefulness of a Model School, a " model " Teacher at any expense, is indispensable, and then a Model School House properly furnished, and then to ensure success, a judicious energetic management. »- r j , »..« kuou, tu A , ^- The third and fourth clauses of this (Eighteenth) Section, relato to the authority and duty of the Council in regard to the formation and alteration of School Sections. The forma- ^ffll^nnv^r ^fhtX^ School Sections IS a duty, on the judicious performance of which, the efficiency of the Schools greatly depends. The conditions and precautions provided in the new School Act relative to the time and manner of making changes in the limits of School Sections, will prevent the recurrence of the evils which have been experienced, as stated in the complainti which have been often made on this subject, and afford due protection to all parties affected by nnl"n-T'; >^^^^ m"*^^ ""^ ?™1"« ^""^ *^^""8 ^"'^^^^ Sections, which was formerly enjoined upon District Councils, now devolves upon Township Councils. ] know not that I can add any- thing on this point to the remarks which I made in my lirst Circular addressed to the Heads of District Municipal Councils, Ist October, 1846. t Subsequent experience has only confirmed me m the correctness and importance of those remarks. iy -ouurmea me TT • ^' i*i™*l^ o® observed that special provision is made for the formation and alteration of Union School Sections, consisting of parts of two, or more, Townships, and that alterations fitflff'^'^^fr okS!. ^«'"™«*»on o^ separate Sections, provided for in the Eighteenth Section, take effect the 25th day of December, -thus preventing the inconvenience resulting from alt«ral tions in School Sections, taking effect m the course of the year, and at the same time providing that the annua returns of children of school age residing in each Section in the last week in December, shall be a proper basis on which to distribute the School Fund to School Sections the ensuing year. It is hardly necessary for me to direct the attention of the Council to the notifi- cations required by the third and fifth clauses of this (Eighteenth) Section of the School Act It 18 important that the local bupenntendeut should be made acquainted with all proceedines fn ftV'^ft « .^°''^'Vu^ "^^'llt^ ^^ the oversight ; and, for that reason, provision is made m the Fifth Section the twelfth clause of the Twelfth Section, and the fifth clause of this Jiighteenth Section of the Act. P.nf!; J^i^ ^!i°p^'*'" of the Nineteenth Section of the Act, as far as it relates to Separate Frotestant and Roman Catholic Schools, is substantially the same as that contained in the Fiftv- hfth and Fifty-sixth Sections of the School Act of 1843, and in the Thirty-second and Thirty- third Sections of the School Act of 1846,+ with the exception, that the present Act of 1850 imposes more effective restrictions and conditions in the establishment of such Schools than either of the former Acts referred to. Under the City and Town School Act of 1847, the estab- lishment of Separate Schools m Cities and Towns was at the discretion of the Municipalities and not at that of the applicant-parties. No complaints having been made against this provi^ sion of the law, even m Cities and Towns, it was at first proposed to extend the application of if " t Printed on pages 260-265 of the same Fourth Volume of this Documentary History. t See pages 259, 260 of the same Fourth Volume and pages 67, 68 of the Sixth Volume of this Documentary History. ■t 208 DOCUMExVTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPKR CANADA. 1850 the same principle and provisions to Township Municipalities ; hut objections having been made to It by some, (both Protestant and Roman Catholic ) Members of the Legislature, the provieion of the former School Act was re-enacted,— requiring, however, the petition of twelve heads of families, instead of ten inhabitants, as a condition of establishing a Separate School, and aidinjr it upon the principle of average attendance, instead of at the discretion of the Local School 6>uperintendent, as under the former Acts. But, notwithstanding, the existence of this nrovi- won of the law since 1843, there were last year but Fifty-one Separate Schools in all of UDDer Canada, -nearly as many of them being Protestant as Roman Catholic ; so that this provision ot the law is seldom acted upon, except in extreme cases, and is of little consequence for good or for evil,— the law providing effectual protection against interference with the Religious opinl ions and wishes of parents and guardians of all classes, and there being no probability that Separate Schools will be more injurious in time to come chat they have been in time past. ^8. It is also to be observed, that a Separate School is entitled to no aid beyond a certain portion of the School Fund for the salary of the Teacher. The School House must be provided furnished, wanned. Books procured, and so forth, by the persons petitioning for the Separate School. Nor are the patrons, or supporters, of a Separate School exempted from any of the local assessments, or rates, for Common School purposes. The law provides equal protection for aU classes and Denominations ; if there be any class, or classes of eiuher Protestants, or Koman Catholics, who are not satisfied with the equal protection secured to them by law in Mixed Schools, but wish to have a School subservient to sectional Heligious purposes thev should, ot course, contribute in proportion, and not tax a whole community for the supDort of sectarian interests. ^r v «* 9. The Twentieth Section of the new Act provides, under certain circumstances, for the incorporation of all the Schools in a Township under one Board of Trustees, like all the IJ-'chools m Cities and Towns.* This would supersede the necessity of the School Section divisions of a lownship, and establishish one interest and one management for all of the Schools in such iownship. In the State of Massachusetts, this option is given, as the inhabitants of each Town, (called iownship with us,) can have each School managed by an elective Committee of thrte (analogous to our Trustees), or all the Schools managed by " Select Men," (a Board of Trustees ) for the whole Town. 'J he Honourable Horace Mann states that Schools managed according to the latter method, are generally more efficient than those managed by separate Committees, liut the lowns there are smaller m geographical extent than our Townships. I am not prepared formally to recommend Township Boards of Trustees ; but 1 think it is well for the inhabitants ot each lownship to have the power of adopting it, if they desire to do so. «• l\^^^^^-^ concluding, I desire to advert to the relief which the provisions of this new Act affords Municipal Councils m the settlement of School Section disputes. Heretofore, a very considerable portion of the time of some Municipal Councils have been occupied in the investi- gation and discussion of such disputes, at a heavy expense to the Municipalities, and often to the satisfaction of no party. + Besides it was hardly fair to make an elective Council a judicial tribunal, for the impartial trial of matters, affecting, in a considerable proportion of cases, one or more, individual Councillors themselves, or one, or more individual constitutents. by whom one, or more. Councillor- judges had been opposed, or supported, at municipal elections, or whose anticipated support, or opposition, at future elections might place Councillors in a position equally painful m the investigation of such matters. It is a grave question of civil pol tv whether popularily elective Bodies should be invested with judicial functions. The judicial decisions of such Bodies have generally been most severely criticized, and have exposed their authors to more odium than have any other Jud«es been liable to for their decisions The judicial decisions of the highest elective Body in the land— the Legislative Assembly-have been questioned even in the smallest matters.- such as a decision on the conduct of a newspaper Reporter towards one of its own Members. I have always, therefore, considered it impolitic and unjust to Councillors to impose upon them the task of investigating and deciding upon personal matters of dispute between their constitutents, or in which they themselves might be considered as interested parties. The new School Act is free from this objection. It will be seen by re- ferring to the Eleventh Section, to the eighteenth clause of the Twelfth Section and to the Seventeenth Section, that the new School Act provides for the settlement of nearly all probable .1? ?.u- r ,^^°" disputes by a simple unexpensive system of local arbitration, (without appeal to the Chief Superintendent, or to any other tribunal,)— a mode of settling disputes which, I trust, will soon become general throughout the Province. 11. I hope to have it in my power, in the course of a few months, to present each Township Council m Upper Canada with a copy of a valuable work on School Architecture,— containing a great variety of Plans of School Houses and Premises, Specifications, and every information ne cessary to aid in the erection and furnishing of School Houses, and providing every descrip- * See Note on the subject of Township Boards of School Trustees on page of this Volume. Hist^^* *" "'"^^''*"°" °' t"^'* '»''*• S«« paragraph 4, on pages 123 and 124 of the Seventh Volume of this Documentary 1850 Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULARS IN REGARD TO COMMON SCHOOL ACT. 209 crip- tion of School Apparatus. I trust that each Township Council will do honour to its important ^^Z '"f ^,''"^'«»* ''O'l^ of th« Country's education, and. by the united and individual ®n ^^M • '•* ?!®'"^"' speedily succeed in rendering a Good School accessible to every child in the Municipality. 1 believe the present School Act furnishes greater facilities than any pre- d fi!t r^ accomplishment of this object ; a party, a selfish, a slothful spirit alone can Toronto, 12th April, 1850. Egeeton Rykbson. VII. ClKCULAE TO THB LoCAL SUPBBINTBNDBNT OP CoMMON SCHOOLS IN UpPER CaNADA ON THBIR DDTIB8, UNDER THB CoHMON ScHOOL ACT OF 1850. ^^^y7ii^i S^ ^J":""'*.' y^" *»" '«««j^« » copy of the new School Act of 1850 for Upper Canada, ex^utSn ^''''°™' ^^"^^^ 48, and of the Forms and Instructions necessaijfop its d*; ^.JY- *^""? ''^'"^ this Act imposes upon the Local Superintendents of Schools are of the ^«L tl.'T'?°^**"*'^' *"i, '* " °" *•** ."."'"'•^ °' *•>«"« ^"t'««' »"d the manner of discharging them, that I desire to address you on this occasion. vii«ljHig The new School Act relieves the Local Superintendent from being a Treasurer of School Moueys.-from keeping fanancial ^counts, and from giving Bonds with Sureties to the Mu^ cipal Council appointing him. The County Treasurer is the responsible Officer for the Se f«nE-'*'"\^KTP* Pt^l"*"* °'/^o^ u^°r*y ^""^"^^ *'»»<*' "Pon th^ orders of Local Super?., fZh^Xhl^^A^""^' balances of School moneys may chance to be in your hands, should be forthwith handed over to your County Treasurer,- you taking his receipt for the same. 1. The duties of each Local Superintendent of Schools are clearly pointed out in the sevpml clauses of the Thirty-first Section of the new Act. The firsfduty meEod Is, ?o opportEhe Hm^^n?"C\^ri!f"^TV '^r • V^5 County Clerk, to the several School Sections within Je limits of his charge. This he is to do, according to the average attendance of pupils in each School, unless otherwise instructed by the Chief Superintendent of Education. We local dL tribution of the School Fund among the several Schools, according to average attendance, (the of tL liw ''"h^i?^ ^a^'^' '*" ^'^ ^l"*t' *?d Summer being taken,) is an important proW on wif KnlJ^T' ^ ^ *'1? "P?° T"" n' "^^""^ """^ ^« *«""'* *» " °oto* ■' but it should not be adopted without previous full notice to all parties concerned. It is not, therefore, to be adopted the SnfH'- .7°" '»" t'V'' year apportion the School money to the several School Sections within the limits of your charge enlitled to receive it, (as in former years, ) according to the ratio of children over five and under sixteen years of age resident in such School Sections respectively ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^'^^^ + Pnnted on pages 83-93 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. School moneys, were as follows : — 14 D.E. ■M 210 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 k a, •< J f • 1! if k r as compared with the whole number of children of the same ages in the Township, or each Township under your superintendence. In my Circular notitication to County Clerxs, (of the current year Legislative Apportionment.)*' I have adverted to the manner in which these data should be furnished to any Local School Superintendent, who may not have obtained them. 2. Having apportioned the school money to the several Sections within the limits of his charge, the Local Superintendent's next duty is to pay the money thus apportioned to legally qualified Teachers, and no others, on the lawful orders of Trustees. The proviso of the Fifteenth Section of the Act of 1860 gives validity to the Certificates of Qualification given by Local Superintendents during the present year. No Teacher who has not such a Certificate, or who cannot procure one, is entitled to any part of the School Fund. Before the end of the current year, I trust that Regulations will be framed and provisions will be made for the more uniform and thorough examination of Teachers, and the more systematic and equitable classifi- cation of them. In my Circular to Wardens of Counties ,t and in my remarks in the Chapter on the Forms and Instructions,! I have sufficiently adverted to the manner of paying Teachers, and accounting for School moneys, under the provisions of the new School Act. 3. The next, and of all the duties of the Local Superintendent the most vitally important, is the inspection of Schools. The provision of the law is explicit, both as to the frequency and the manner of this inspection. The law requires each Local Superintendent : " To visit each School within his jurisdictiou, at least once in each quarter ; and, at the time of each such visit, to examine into the condition of the School, as it respects the progress of the pupils in learning, the order and discipline observed, the system of instruction pursuefl, the mode of keeping the school Registers, the average attendance of pupils, the character and condition of the Building and Premises, -.nd to give such advice as he shall think proper." I do not think it is possible for a Local School Superintendent to observe, with any sort of fidelity, even the letter of the law, without spending nearly, if not quite, half a day in each School at each visit. To deal in a few vague generalities on such occasions, and to make it p. kind of exhibition, is a burlesque on the object and duty of the inspection of Schools. Such an exhibition of general results is appropriate at a Public Quarterly Examination ; but the object of inspection is much more detailed, practical and thorough, and relates to the mode of proceed- ing in every particular of School Instruction and Government. The infrequency and very defective manner in which the Schools have been inspected in some Districts, has given rise to objections against the very office of Local Superintendent itself. To perform this duty with any degree of efficiency, a Local Superintendent should be acquainted with the best modes of teaching every department of an English School, and be able to explain and exemplify them. It is, of course, the Local Superintendents' duty to witness the modes of teaching adopted by the Teacher, but he should do something more. He should, at some part of the time, be an actor as well as spectator. To do this he must keep pace with the progress of the science of teaching. § When young, I taught a District Grammar School for about two years, and with some degree of reputed success ; || but the kind of teaching and school organization which would, in many instances, have been applauded in this Country twenty-five to thirty years ago, ought not to be tolerated now. Every man, who has to do with Schools, ought to make himself master of the best modes of conducting them, in all the details of arrangement, instruction and discipline. A m»n commits a wrong against Teachers, against children, and against the interests of School Education, who seeks the office of Local Superintendent without being qualified and able to fulfill all its functions. In respect to the manner of performing the visitorial part of your duties, I have nothing material to add to the suggestions which I have made in my Circular to District Superintendents of Schools in December, 1846. They are as follows : — Your own inspection of the Schools must be chiefly relied upon as the basis of your judgment, and the source of your information, as to the character and methods of school instruction, discipline, management, accommodations, and so forth : and, on this subject, we ought not to content ourselves with those exterior and general facts, which have hitherto been the special, and almost only, subjects of School Reports, such as the number of Schools, — that of pupils, their age, the sums expended, and so forth. These items of information are of unquestionable importance ; and every means ought to be employed to render them more exact and complete. But, it is not of less importance to know the exterior regime of the Schools ; — the aptitude, the zeal, the deportment of the Teachers ; — their relations with the p pils ; and, in a word, the whole moral and social character and results of the instruction given, as far as * This Circular being a usual yearly one is not inserted in this Volume. t Pages 199-202 of this Volume. 1 Ibid, page 194. i! In connection with this subject of School Inspection, I would refer to the exposition of of Schools" given on pages 52-56 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. ' the best mode of inspection II On pages 230, 231 of the Second Volume of this Documentary History, I have given, from the " Ryerson Memorial Volume," Doctor Ryerson's own account of his early efforts as a Teacher, — he having been, in his young; days, an Usher in the London District Grammar School, of which his eldest Brother, George, was the'Master. 1850 ip, or each rks, (of the h these data »d them. imita of his )d to legally iviso of the on fliven by trtincate, or e end of the or the more ible classifi- Chapter on ig Teachers, ' important, iquency and t the time of the pupils in e of keepina Building and . any sort of day in each bo make it p, B. Such an t the object of proceed- y and very ;iven rise to b should be and be able to witness He should, 9 pace with some degree Id, in many ht not to be ister of the iscipline. A B of School ind able to •art of your Circular to hsis of your B of school subject, we therto been hools, — that ttion are of more exact Schools ; — )ttpils ; and, en, as far as de o( inspection •rson Memorial ivs, an Usher in Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULARS IN REGARD TO COMMON SCHOOL ACT. 211 «an be ascertained. Such information cannot be acquired from Reports and Statistical Tables ; it can only be obtained by special visits, and by personal conversation and observation, — bv a personal examination of tt.e several classes, in their difforent branches of study, so as to enable you to ascertain the degree and efficiency of the instruction imparted. In the Inspection of Schools, I would suggest something like the following order and Bubjects of inquiry and examination : — I. Mechanical Arrangemenla. — The tenure of the property ; the materials, (limensions and plan of the buildings ; how lighted, warmed, and ventilated ; if any claas-rooniR are provided for the separate instruction of part of the children ; if there is a lobby, or closet, for hats, cloaks, bonnets, and so forth ; how the desks and seats are arranged and constructed, and with what conveniences, what arrangements for the Teacher ; what play-grouml is provided ; what gymnastic apparatus, if any ; whether there be a well, and proper conveniences for private purposes.* II. Means of Intttrtiction. — The Books used in the several classes, under the heads of Reading, Arithmetic, Geography, and so forth ; the Apparatus provided, as Tablets, Maps, Globes, Black-boards, Models, Cabinets, Library, and so forth. III. Organization. Arrangement of classes ; whether each child is taught by the same Teacher ; if any Assistant, or Assistants, are employed, to what extent, how remunerated, and how qua'ified, IV. Discipline. If the pupils change places in their several classes, or whether they are marked »t each lesson, or exercise, according to their relative merit ; if distinction depends on intellectual proficiency, or on a mixed estimate of mtellectual proficiency and moral conduct, or on moral conduct only ; what rewards, if any ; whether corporal punishments are employed ;— if so, their nature, and whether inflicted publicly, or privately ; what other punishments are used ; whether attendance is regular ; what Religious Exercises are observed, and what Religious Instruction is given, if any. V. Methoil of Instruction. — Whether mutual, or simultaneous, or individual, or mixed ; if mutual, the number of Monitors, of what attainments, how appointed, how employed ; if simultaneous, that is, by classes, to what subjects of instruction : whether the simultaneous method is not more, or less, mingled with individual teaching, and on what subjects ; to what extent the intellectual, or the mere rote, method is pursued, and on what subjects ; how far the interrogative only is used ; whether the suggestive methwl is employed ; whether the elliptical method is resorted to ; how the attainments in the lessons are variously tested,— by individual oral interrogation, — by requiring written answers to written questions, — or by requiring an abstract of the lesson to be written down from memory. Vi; Attainments of Pupils. — 1. In Reading ; whether they can read imperfectly, indistinctly, or with ease and expression. 2. In Writing; whether, they can write at all, or imperfectly, fairly well, or with ease and correctness. .3. In Arithmetic; whether acquainted with Notation and Numeration, Ad- dition, Substraction, Multiplication, Division, or not, respectively; whether skilful in them; whether acquainted with the Tables of Moneys, Weights, Measures, and skilful in them ; whether acquainted with the Compound Rules, and skilful in them ; whether acquainted with the higher rules, and skil- ful in them ; whether acquainted with the exercises in Mental Arithmetic, and skilful in them. 4. In Grammar ; whether acquainted with its divisions, rules of orthography, parts of speech, their nature and modifications, parsing, composition, and so forth. 5. Geography, History, Bookkeeping, and so forth ; the order of questions suggested by the nature of the subject. The extent and degree of minuteness with which the inspection will be prosecuted, in respect to any, or all, of the foregoing and kindred subjects, must, of course, depend upon circumstances. 4. Another most important duty required of each Local Superintendent is, "To deliver in each School Section, at least once a year, a Public Lecture on some subject connected with the objects, principles, and means of practical education." The education of a free people is, to a great extent, a system of voluntary exertion. There may be a good School Law, and there may be a large School Fund ; and yet education may decline. Massachusetts, without a farthing's State School Fund, until since 1835,— (and it amounts to only a few thousand dollars a year,) has nobly advanced in the sound and universal education of her youth ; while Connecticut, with the largest School Fund of any State in America, in proportion to her population, has ignobly declined in the same great work of patriotism and humanity. In a '• Prize Essay," published in the Appendix to the last School Report of the Connecticut State Commissioner, on the necessity and means of improving the Common Schools of Connecticut," I find the following, among many similar statements : — " A few years since, the name of Connecticut was mentioned in connection with Common Schools, with honour only ; it is now, in this connection, coupled with expressions of doubt and regret, and that by wise and. sober men. Her large State endowment is described as having put her effectually asleep, as having sent her to " Sleepy Hollow," from the influence of which, when she is aroused for a moment, it is to talk of her noble School Fund and James Hillhouse, just as Rip Van Winkle did of his neighbours, who had been dead forty years. The School Fund is quoted everywhere out of Con- necticut,— we venture to say it is quoted in every other State in the Union,— as a warning and example to deter them fmm giving the proceeds of their own funds, except only on the condition, that those who receive, shall themselves raise as much as they take, and report annually as to the results. Those who go from other States into Connecticut, can hardly credit the testimony of their own senses when they are forced to believe the apathy that prevails. Every newspaper and every lecturer out of Con- * See Note on the subject of School Acconnnodation on page 196. U il 212 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OP EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 18S0 I 'i" :: d .'J necticut, high ami low, ignorant and knowing, sneeni at the Connecticut Stihool Fund, and the present condition ofConnocticut SchooU. Those who go from Connecticut into other Htatos, and from thoni into Connecticut, feel a shook in the transition. It is like going from a cellar into sunshine, or from sunshine into a cellar. We know an intelligent gentleman who hsT seen his scores of years, who haa recently removed from Rhode Island into the " land of steady habits," and can scarcely understand, or l)elieve, that the apathy which he finds, can be a realty. The writer has, within a few years, made the change the other way, from Connecticut to the Bay State. He, too, has been forcibly impressed with the contrast. In one particular, this contrast ic very striking. In Connecticut, the people have been persuaded, that to be taxed for the support of Common Schools is a levy upon the poor, for the Schools of the rich. In Massachusetts, the people know that all such taxes are a lawful tribute from the rich, for the benefit of the jioor. We have seen in the latter State, in a crowded Town-meeting, a thousand hands raised as by magic, to vote the largest of two sums named by a School Committee, a sum which was nearly a dollar for every individual ot the entire population, men, women, and chil- dren. The motion was made by one of the wealthiest men in the Town, whose own children were too old to attend the Public School. It was supported by others wealthier than he, and having no inter* est of their own in the Schools." These facts demonatrate that the onward progress of the education of a Country does not depend, primarily, or chiefly, upon a School Fund, or School Law, but upon the spirit and action of the people ; and the great object of the Local Superintendent's Public School Lectures is, to awaken that spirit and arouse this action. The Present School Law requires that a voice should be lifted up on this subject in every School Section in Upper Canada ; the commAndine authority of that voice will depend upon the ability, the industry, the heart, of each Local Superintendent. No man ought to aspire to the office, or retain it a week, who has not tho heart and ability to prepare and deliver Public Lectures in a spirit and manner worthy, in a good degree, of a cause interwoven with every vital interest of our Country's civilization and happiness. We cannot be too strongly impressed with the fact, that the administration of th© School System is not like that of any other Department of the Public Service ; it means a vigilant an'' effective oversight of the execution of the law, the protection and development of the Country's resources : the due administration of the School System,— and indetd, properly speaking, the great object of it, besides the ordinary administration of the law,— is to excite and maintain, as widely, and in as high a degree, as possible, among all classes of the community, a correct appreciation of the nature and importance of Popu'ar Education, and a spirit of Intel- ligence, philanthropy, and patriotism in the adoption of the diversified means necessary for the attainment of that end. From the Office of the Chief Superintendent, down to the Desk of the humblest Teacher, a moral influence, an energy, a vitality, should be sent forth in behalf of the education of youth and the diflTusion of useful knowledge among the people. If the right spirit glow in the bosom of every Superintendent, it will appear in every Public Lecture, in every School Visit, on every proper occasion in the intercourse of private and public life, ani, the results will soon be manifest in every Municipality in Upper Canada. On the other hand, great must be the responsibility, and deep the disgrace, of any Superintendent, who shall suffer the interests of Schools to droop and die, or linger on in a sickly condition, under his oversight. 6. On the duties of a Local Superintendent, respecting School Books and attending Meet- ings of the County Board of Public Instruction, I will not remark at any length. The former topic I have discussed at some length in my Annual School Report for 1849,* and, on the latter topic, some practical suggestions will be made when the Programme for the Examination and Classification of Teachers shall have been prepared and published, f Nor need I here oflfer any observations upon the duties imposed upon you by the subsequent clauses of this Thirty-first Section of the new Act. I douot not but the several provisions respecting the support and duties of the Office of Local Superintendent, will contribute very much to its efliciency and usefulness. 6. It, therefore, remains with each Superintendent to say, whether the spirit and intentiona of the School Liw shall be fulfilled within his jurisdiction, as far as depends on the performance of the duties of his office. The new Act has been passed by the Legislature in the spirit of a generous nationality ; the spirit of patriotism prevailed over the selfishness of party during the Parliamentary deliberations on this subject. The Government duly appreciated the wants and interests of the whole Country in the preparation of the Measure, and generally all parties in the Legislature cordially responded to it. In the same non- party and national spirit, I hope to see the Law administered. In 1841 , the Common School Law of the State of New York was so amended as to authorize and require the Board of Supervisors of each County, (a Body in school matters similar to a County Council with us, ) to appoint a County Superintendent of Common Schools. In a Digest of the Common School System of the State of New York, published in 1844 by the Deputy Superintendent, under the auspices of the State Superintendent of ^-fCnools, i iinu vHG lOuowiPg remarKs, wnicn x rcconimcnu to your sorious uttciitiun i — " As the usefulness of Local School Superintendents will depend mainly on the influence they shall be able to exercise upon the Otticers and Teachers of the Schools, and upon parents and the •Printed on pages 271-282 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. t This Programme will be inserted further on in this Volume. Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULARS IN REOAUD TO COMMON hCHOOL ACT. fllS I *■ it inhabitantH of diHlriotH genernllv, tliuy will unduavoiir to deHervu that iiitluencu tiy thuii ' *nieat, and HtudiouHly to avoid overything which may impair it. Heiu^e, it will In) indiHperidalii they shoulil abstain wholly, and abHolutely, from all intt'i-ferenue in any local divinionH, or in any .juuHtions by which the comnuuiity in any Town, or district, may be agitated ; and although they cannot Ih> ex- pecteliti(;al HcntimentH, yet, it is obviouH, that any participation in meaHurea to promote the HucceHH of any political party, will not only diminiHh their inlluence and impair their U!*efulne8H, by exciting HiiHpioion of the objects of their movementR and ineaHures, but will expose the office they hold to a vindicative hoRtility that will not ceuse until it iH almlished. The intelligence of our people will not tolerate the itve been made during thu last two years, by the State Superintendent and other experienced Edu- «ationi8t8, to restore the office, and place it on a better footing than heretofore. These facts are admonitory. A man's (jualifications, irrespective of sect, or party, should influence his appoint- ment to the Office ; but, when once appointed, and during his continuance in oftioe, he should act in the spirit of impartiality and kindness towards all Religious Persuasions and parties. This has been the avowal of the Government,* and the sense of the Legislature in reger8on ohosen as Trustee, and not having refused to accept, who shall, at any time, refuse, or neglect, to perform the duties of his office, shall forfeit the sum of Fiv« pounds ; which sum, or sums, may be sued for and recovered by the Tnistees of the Section, for its use, before any Justice of the Peace. " It will thus be seen, that the new Sohool Act makes effectual provision in the case of any person ge*;tmg into the office of Trustee, and then refusing, or neglecting, to perform its duties ; that it affords ample protection to each Trustee who performs his duties, and provides every mean» necessary to enable Trustees to fultill their engagements. Instances sometimes occur, of parents, or individual Trustees, refusing, or neglecting, to pay a Teacher on the expiration of his engage- ment,— the Teacher being thus compelled to leave without the payment o, his hard-oarned dues, and a debt, thus perpetuated, to the disadvantage of a new Teacher, and the future injury of the Sohool. The Seventeenth Section of the Act guards against this injustice. It provides that • "Any Teacher shall be entitled to be paid at the same rate as mentioned in his agreement with the Trustees, even at the expiration of the period of his agreement, until the Trustees shall have paid him the whole of his salary, according to their engagement with him." This provision will prevent the injurious accumulation of debts to Teachers in a Section, and it will furnish Teuitees, desirious of perfonning their duties, with satisfactory reasons for in- sisting upon prompt payment of the Rites for the Teacher's saUry ; while it will aff )rd protec- tion to the discharged Teacher, against any possible attempt to wrong him. Then, the Eleventh and Seventeenth Sections, and the eighteenth clause of the Twelth Section, provide an easy mode of arbitration, by which Trustees can settle any differences which may arise between them and the Teacher, or with other parties in the School Section. I know not how a Law, founded upon popular principles and a due regard to the equal rights of all parties, can more effectually provide for the easy and efficient discharge of the duties of Trustees, the right of each School Section to manage its own local affairs, and the means and facilities of education for all its children. 2. On tlie duties of Trustees, in respect to tneir Teacher and School. I refer you to the Second Section of the General Regulations, prescribed by the Council of Public Instruction, for the Organization, Government, and Discipline of Common Schools in Upper Canada.* It is needless for me to attempt to add a word to the practical and impressive views there expressed relative to the Duties of Trustees ; and I would also recommend to your special attention the several Sections of those General Regulations, and remarks upon them, which I have prepared according to law, to aid Trustees in the performance of their duties. 3. It will be seen that the new School Act provides every desirable facility for the establish- ment of Free Schools,— Schools supported by the property of all, and equally free to the children of all,— the only Schools which are, in my opinion, based upon the true principles of national education, and adopted to national wants, t But I wish every School Mnnicipality to be the judge as to the manner of supporting its own Schools ; and I think the success of Free Schools will be greatly inSueneed by the diseretioa exercised in their first osfcabiishment. As the very object of a Free School, and the principle of supporting it, implies a School for the common education of all the children and youth of a School Section, the first requisite towaris its accom- plishment, is to provide a School House and a Teacher adequate to that end. To employ a *These will be found on pages 195-197 of this Volume. t For Doctor Eyerson'a "Appeal" in favour of Free School, see pages 73-81 of this Volume. 1850 Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCUF.ARa IN RE(JARD TO COMMON HCHOOL ACT. 215 ..iOI 1, or lutes [aKJHtrattf,) nt tazimy- )f any Ihw- .^0 tifitiCt to >j)orty of a 1 Trustees, ished with trovide for asaiatance, or wilfully I thwarted, ir, of their oppositioa ■ato po'vers ally rospou- \, any time, ids ; which hoforo any any person itieH ; that, ery means of parents, lis engage- rned dues, e injury of i that • snient with 1 have paid action, and m% for in- rd protec- 3 Eleventh le an easy e between ) the equal rge of the 8, and the fow to the uction, for a.* It is expressed ention the > prepared ) establish- le children, sf national Y to be the ee Schools l8 the very le common its accom- 3 employ a Teacher incompetent to teach all the school going youth of a section, and yet to tax all the in< habitants to pay the Halary of such incf that Report to be furnished to each Soh(M)l Corporation in the Province.* The Refwrt itHelf ilso contains the sentiments of Local SuperintendentH and other enlightened friends of education on the subject of Free Schools. That Report will be placed in your hands shortly. 1 will, therefore, dismiss the subject in this place, with the single additional remark, that I hope, before the year 1860, to see the light of a Free School emitting its splendor and imparting its blessings to every child of every School Section in Upper Canada.? It only remains for me, while I again congratulate you on the auspicious oircumstances in which the new Act places you, to urge upon you the fulfillment of the high purposes of your responsible oflice. The destinies of the rising and future generations of the Country are truly in your hands. The youth of the land look up to you, as the guardians and providers of that edu- cation which will enable them to perform their duties to their Maker, to their Country, and to posteri't/y. Surely you cann. t,— you will not, — betray their int ».rj */iit7 v"«iivii ifl x li»'ixv ItioL'i uvvi^/it j ^uiXMCi vtiT7 |->t»->T loiviio l/i titc xi^tt Act,) that the independence of the Teacher, in the teaching and classification of his School, is * For the princip.'il Address on Free Schools, see pages 73-81 of this Volume. t It was not, however, until 1871 that Free School became universal in Upper Canada, under the provision of the School Aot of that year. } See also pages 223-260 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. 216 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1850 11 placed beyond petty interference, or individual tyranny. Under the more effective system for examining and licensing Teachers, as provided for by the new School Act, and the Programme for the Examination and Classification of Teachers,* prepared by the Council of Public Inatruo- tion, a proper line of demarcation will be drawn between Teachtrs, according to their relative qaalitications ; and each Teacher will acquire the position and advantage to which he is entitled. 3. Such being your position, relations and prospects, under the proviaions of the uew iJchool Act, I am desirous of making a few general remarks and suggestions, relative to your future conduct. Your general duties are prescribed in the several clauses of the Sixteenth Sec- tion of the School Act, and the Bules according to which you are to conduct your School, V7ill be found in the Third and fifth Sections, of the General Regulations for the Organiza- tion, Government and Discipline of Common Schools, adopted by the Council of Pub- lic Instruction. t I hope you will meditate upon, and make youreelf thoroughly acquainted with, the intention and spirit of these requirements of the Law, and of the Regulations author- ized by it. What I have now to offer is of a more general character. 4 Permit me first to say, value your profession. If you do not value it, others will not. But do not show your estimate of it, by assuming lofty airs, or making lofty pretensions, but by makin? yourself thoroughly master of it, by devoting your energies to it, by becoming im- bued with its spirit. Let your actions speak, and let your heart feel. If an orator would have his audience feel, he must first feel himself ; and, if a Teacher does not feel, and does not give proof that he feel*, the value and importance of his work, can he reasonably expect others to do 80 ? We often hear it said, "Teachers are not respected." But, is it not almost as o* ten true, that Teachers do not respect themselves ? — that they do not act respectably ; — that they themselves provoke the disrespect of which they complain ? A Teacher cannot be made respect- able by Act of Parliament. He must make himself so. In every ordinary employment of life, a man who acts upon high principles, and shows that he understands and values his business, will invariably command respect. Nor are the Teacher and his work an exception to the general rule. Nay, wherever a Teacher has shown himself the po88e>sor of noble principles, and that he understood and loved his work, has he not commanded respect, and soon acquired commanding influence in the neighborhood of his residence ? I am persuaded that the people of Upper Canada do not, to any considerable extent, disrespect Teachers, who are worthy of respect. A people in so young a Province, and in the infancy of the School System, who volurtarily taxed themselves last year lo the amount of Two Hundred and Seventy-five thousand dollars, (8275,000,) (considerably more in proportion to population than the amount raised last year by the people of the State of New York) for salaries of Teachers alone, — irrespective of the Legislative School Grant, and of the sums assessed and collected for the erection of School Hou8es,and for the incidental expenses of Schools. — cannot but respect every respectable Teacher. It is true, that narrow and mean views are entertained by some as to the amount of a Teacher's remuneration, but the same persons entertain similar views as to the remuneration of all Public Officers. But the number of these enemies of knowledge and petty tyrants of mental labour, will diminish, as intelligence and manly virtues advance in society. The large increase which has already, in many instances, taken place in the salaries of efficient Teachers, and the increas- ing demand for such Teachers, in various parts of the Province, indicate a progress full of encouraging hopes and anticipations for the future. 5. Then, if you value your profession yourself, employ the proper means to give it a place, not only in the esteem, but in the interest and sympathies, of others. The profession of a Teacher is a means to an end ; it exists, not for the sake of the Teacher himself, but for the interests of society. It is a work indispensable to the progress and well-being of society. What is the Teacher's work ? It is to develop the mind, to mould the heart, and to form the character of the future citizens. Magistrates and Rulers of our land ! It is to teach and implant that which is the only true guarantee of liberty, order and social stability— the essential element of a Country's prosperity and happiness. Show that you sympathize with the^e objects, — that your heart is in them, — that your thoughts and aims do not terminate in yourself alone, but embrace others, — and especially encircle the rising generation. Such a spirit, like heat in the atmosphere, will be diffusive. Others will imbibe it ; the indifferent will become interested, and the selfish will begin to feel the impulses of intelligent generosity ; parents will become increasingly anxious for the education of their children, and children will become increasingly anxious to be educated. In any neighborhood, both in town and country, where any youth are allowed to grow up uneducated, a Teacher should be an Educational Missionary, as well as an Educational Pastor ; and every instance of success will add to his influence and means of sup- ooit, as well as usefulness. No claaR of men in the Country will derive so 'arce an individual advantage from the progress of society as School Teachers, and they ought to be intent in efforts to excite every sentiment and feeling, and to procure and circulate every publication, which will tend to diffuse education and knowledge. A Teacher who fold* his arms in slothful * See pages further on in the next Chapter of this Volume, t Printed on pages 195-198 of this Volume. 1850 Chap. XIX. EXPLANATORY CIRCULARS IN REGARD TO COMMON SCHOOL ACT. 217 system for 'rogramme ic Inatruo- lir relative is entitled. f the new ive to your «enth Sec- chool, will Urganiza- il of Pub- ficquainted >ns author- 's will not. isions, but loming im- rould have as not give t others to st as otten -that they de respect- enfc of life, I business, bion to the principles, n acquired the people worthy of stem, who ) thousand raised last spective of of School ie Teacher. Teacher's all Public tal labour, jase which le increas- ess full of it a place, assion of a )ut for the >f society. J form the id implant »1 element icts, — that alone, but leat in the nterested, ill become creasingly youth are well as an ,ns of sup- individual ii in efforts ion, which n slothful inactivity, — neither improving in knowledge himself, nor advancing it among others, — and yet complaining that no Hercules comes to his relief, deserves neither respect, nor assistance ; while the Teacher, who nobly exerts himself in both acquiring and diffusing knowledge, will receive both emolument and respect, if not admiration and applause. 6. The mutual intercourse of Teachers, — mutual visits to each others' Schools, — forming, and meeting occasionally, or periodically in, Associationti for mutual improvement, and the promotion of professional objects, — which are no other than public interests ; — these and kindred measures, in connection with pri)fe8sional reading and industry, cannot fail to con- tribute much to the success, enjoyment, and social standing of Teachers. Professional friend- ships will be formed ; professional feeling will be enkindled ; professional zeal and emulation will be excited ; professional skill and usefulness will be improved ; and Teachers will be more respected by the community at large, by thus evincing proper respect for each other. Faithful Teachers have already on their side the enlightened part of the community, the press, the pulpit, and the Legislature. Let them be true to themselves and to their profession. Lord Bacon has said truly, — "Every m*n owes a debt to his profession." On one occasion, some weeks since, I felt pained beyond expression, in witnessing certain Members of the Bar chiming in with a senseless and shameful cUm >r against their profession, — to members of which the Americas people have, at this moment, entrusted eve-y department of thoir supreme Government, and to the intelligence and patriotic advocacy of which Upper Canada is indebted for every vestige of her constitutional and municipal government, and the most valuable Statutes of civil and criminal jurisprudence, as well as the largest facilities for Public Education, and some of the finest examples of personal and social virtues. I hope that no temptation to pander to the passions of prejudice, ignorance, or selfishness, will ever induce you to forget the debt which you owe to your profession. Seek to have it purged of every inebriate, every blasphemer, every ignorant idler, who cannot teach and will not learn ; and do what in you lies to stamp upon it the character of intelligence and virtue, and make it worthy of that high respect and liberal support which an enlightened people will readily award to able Teachers of their offspring. 7. I would also offer a word of caution against discouragement in your work, or disinclina- tion to it, on account of its comparative obscurity. It is true, the circle of your daily labours is narrow, and the results of them are remote ; there is little variety in your employment, and the monotony of it is only varied by Quarterly Examinations and short Vacations. It, therefore, requires more than ordinary patience, perserverance and benevolence, to pursue your work, month after month, and year after year, with untbated zeal and energy. Yet your work is imw a public profession, recognized by law, and none but a Teacher, examined and licensed according to law, is permitted to receive a farthing of the public School Fund, any more than a person not examinee! and admitted to the Law Society, is permitted to practice as a Barrister- at-Law. And the results of the work performed in the humble School House, though remote, will not be uncertain, and may one day appear in the highest positicm of a free people's gift, or in the most important affairs of a nation's diplomacy, or in the most honoured relations of parental and social life. The Common Sohool House is the sole Educational College for the vast majority of the present youth and future fathers and mothers of our Country. That accomplished scholar and elegant writer, Doctor Jared Sparks, President of Harv*rd University, traces his early training, and several years of his apprenticeship in teaching, to the Common School ; and the great American Statesman and orator, Daniel Webster, is accustomed to refer to the Common School as his first ulma mater, in which was laid the foundation of his future character. Through long months, and in retirement and solitude, the Italian Painter occupied bis brush on a single piece of canvas ; but that canvas has, age after age, imparted instruction and delight to hundreds of thousands. For years did the Grecian Sculptor, in almost exiled «eclu£iion, employ his chisel on a single block of marble : but that marble has survived the wreck of empires, and still commands the admiration of the refined of all countries. Let the practical philosophy of these facts be engraved upon the heart of every right-minded Teacher, and it will sweeten his toil, and add fresh attractions to every successive year of his increasingly skilful and eflicient labours. ToBONTO, 14th of August, 1850. EaERTON Ryerson. X. CiRCDLAR TO THE ClKRKS OF THE SEVERAL CoUNTIBS, TRANSMITTING A CERTIFIED OF THE Apportionment of the Legislative School Grant for 1850. Copy L I transmit you a conv of that New School Act, of 1850, and of the Forms and In- «truction8 for the execution of its provisions. 2. According to the Forty-second Section of the Act, the money apportioned to the several Townships of your County, is forthwith payable to the County Treasurer. 3. As required by the third clause of the Twenty-seventh Section of the Act, you will at once notify the Local Superintendent of Schools of the apportionment as i\^r aa relates to the fill Townships under their charge respectively, and notify me also of the name and address of your County Treasurer, and of each Local Superintendent in your County ; also favour me with the information, from time to time, required by the last proviso of the same Section of the Act. 4. Besides raising by local assessment a sum equal, (clear of all charges of collection,) to that now apportioned to the several Townships of your County, it is important that two things be specially provided for by the Council of which you are Clerk :— The one is to obtain forthwith from the late District School Superintendent, (if they have not been already obtain- ed,) the last year's Statistical Returns of the children of the school a»e in each School Section and parts of Section in your County. These Returns are the data upon which the Local Superintendents must distribute the School Fund to the several School Sections the present year. It will be necessary for each Local Superintendent to be furnished with a copy of such Returns, so far as they relate to the School Sections under his charge. He cannot take the first step towards making the apportionment of the School Money notified to him, without these data. 6. It is also important that your County Council, (consisting, as it does, of one, or more. Representatives from each Township,) take the requisite steps to have all School Moneys, either of the past, or present, year, which now are, or may come, into the hands of Township Collectors, or Local Superintendents, paid over to the County Treasurer, -so that they may be paid out and accounted for according to the provisions of the new Act. 6. I regret the unavoidable necessity, (arising- from the state of the School Law,) which has compelled me to defer, to so late a period, the notification of the current year's apportion- ment of the School Grant. I trust that such a necessity will not occur again, and that the promptness of co-ordinate action, on the part of each County Council, will provide for the pay- ment of the Assessment part of the School Fund within the period prescribed by law. 7. I fear that the School Returns, on which I have been compelled,— for the want of better d*t»,— to base the apportionment to the various municipalities of Upper Canada, are defective, m some instances, and exaggerated in others. I hope the General Census of the Province, now in the course of being taken, will in future enable me to revise and render the whole school apportionment more equitable, as well as enable me to notify it to the several Municipalities at the beginning of the ensuing year. Toronto, 30th July, 1860. Egkkton Rybrson. CHAPTER XX. r .1 n 11 11 EXAMINATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF TEACHERS, WITH FORM OF THEIR CERTIFICATES OF QUALIFICATION. Circular to the County Boards of Public Instruction on their Duties UNDER the School Act of 1850. I transmit you herewith a copy of the Programme for the Examination and Classificatiott of Teachers of Common Schools, which has been adopted by the Council of Public Instruction, as required by the new School Act, of 1850 ; and I think it proper, at the same time, to make a few explanatory and practical remarks on the subject. 1. You will observe that the standard of qualifications prescribe.1 for each class of Teachers 18 extremely low ; lower indeed, than, m strict propriety, it ought to be ;— lower than it is for Common School Teachers in Ireland ;— lower than it will doubtless be in Upper Canada in the course of three, or four, years. The standard here laid down for First-Class Teachers will probably soon be applied to Second Class Teachers, and that of Second, applied to Third Class Teachers, and no persons will be admitted into the Public Schools, as legally qualified Teachers, whose qualifications will not enable them to secure a Second Class Certitieate, according to the aocomDanvincr ProBrrammft * Tint tha Cmmnil nf PnKiin Tnof...»4^.-»» i.o„ u-j j i_ i.i ,<. circumstences of the Country, to the fact that this is the first step which has yet been adopted for establishing an uniform standard and system of examination of Teachers throughout Upper Canada. It is painful to think, that there should be a necessity in any part of the Province, to license pers ons as Teachers with no higher qualifications than those required of Third Clasa * This Programme will be found on the succeedlngr panes of this Chopter. 1850 Chap. XX. EXAMINATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF TEACHERS. 219 "A Teachers in the accompanying Programme ; but it is hoped that such a necessity will not long exist ; and every Teacher of this Class should be impressed with the consideration, that, if he wishes to be recognized in future years as a legally qualified Teacher of Common Schools, he must apply himself diligently to the acquisition of higher qualifications. The profession of School-teaching can only be efficient, and influential, as the qualifications and character of its members are respectable and elevated. The accompanying Programme states the minimum of ([ualifications required for each class of certificates. 2. But the first, and perhaps most important duty which devolves upon you, is that which precedes an examination into the intellectual qualifications of candidates. The law expressly declares, that " no Certificate of Qualification shall be given to any person as Teacher, who shall not furnish satisfactory proof of good moral character." This is a vital point on which you are called to pass a conscientious and impartial judgment, before you admit any candidate to an examination. The law of the land thus makes you the moral guardians of the children and youth of your respective Counties, as far as depends upon the moral character of their Teachers, the same as the Divine law makes you the guardians of your own children ; and you should certainly license no character to teach the former, whom you would not permit to teach the latter. Many representations have been made to this Department respecting intem- perate, and profane, and Sabbath-breaking Teachers. To what extent these representations are well-founded, is not for me to say. But, when so many parties have been individually authorized to license Teachers, it were not surprising if isolated individual firmness should be overcome by the importunity of a Candidate, in some instances, backed by requests of inconsiderate Trustees. Now, however, you meet in Council ; the Candidates come before you on common ground ; you judge of the '' moral character" of each by a common rule ; you are less liable to those plaintive appeals and pleas which have so often been pressed upon the feelings of individual Superintendents and Visitors. I cannot but regard it as your special mission to rid the profession of Common School Teaching of unworthy characters, and of wholly incompetent persons, to protect the youth against the poison of a vicious Teacher's example, and to lay the foundation for greatly elevating the Profession of School Teaching, and greatly increasing the efficiency and usefulness of Common Schools. The moral character of Teachers involves the deepest interests of our offsprins;, and the widest destinies of our Country. No lax expediency, or false delicacy, should be permitted to endorse a person of irregular habits, or doubtful morals, as a " good, moral character," and let him loose upon society, authorized and certified as a duly qualified Teacher of its youth. I am sure you will agree with me, that your Certificates should state what you believe to be strictly true, and, therefore, be a guarantee to Trustees of Schools and parents of children, in regard to the moral character and intellectual quilifications of every Teacher whom you shall license. 3. As to your examination of Candidates in the several subjects mentioned in the Progran\me, I had, at first, intended to have prepared some general questions on each subject, as hints both to examiners and Candidates for Certificates of different classes ; but, on further consideration, I found it would occupy too much space, and might probably be better left to the discretion and judgment of the Examiners themselves. 1 would only suggest, therefore, as all the Candidates present at any meeting of a County Board of Examiners will probably be examined in a single class, the Candidates entitled to the Lower Clasi Certificates may be relieved from remaining, (except as mere spectatoro,) at the continuation of the examination of those who are deemed competent to be examined in the subjects prescribed for the Higher Class Certificates ; and that, as the object of the examination is, to ascertain not only the nature and extent of the attain- ments of the Candidates, but their capacity to teach others what they know themselves, the examination, in each subject of the Programme, should be specially adapted to elicit this primary qualification of a good Teacher, as also his knowledge of School Organization, Classifi- cation, and Government. 4. It only remains for me to advert to the mode of calling the first meeting of County Boards of Public Instruction, and of holding their future meetings. As the mode of calling the first meeting is left by the School Act as a matter of instruction from this Department. I have thought it would be most convenient for the members of each County Board to meet about the middle of November ; and I have appointed the time accordingly. Each County Board once assembled, will ever after, according to law, appoint the times and places of its own meetings. It is submitted, whether the first meeting of each County Board of Public Instruction would ex- amine Teachers at all ; whether the Members present at such meetings might not consider and determine their mode of proceeding in the admission of Candidates to examination, and in the S.I! — „ „,..s,,,,i5i^ „„r:ii, , nr.oig.!i,i^ \A' >'!ie, 'T iiivfic, iMeuiLTcis ui ijiic ijuaru, tin; uuLv oi con- ducting the examination in each branch, or subject, prescribed in the Programme ; and then appointing the time and place, or times and places, for the examination of Teachers,— giving due publicity to the same. As but three Members of the County Board are required to be present at any meeting for the examination and licensing of Teachers, they might, at a general meeting agree to meet in sections of three, or four. Members each at places most convenient for the ex- amination of Teachers for different specified portions of the Country— especially if it be large. -ffi 9:4 220 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 !^|«i e con- f erred bv the said University of Toronto, on satisfying the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Fellows, that such persons have, in any of the Institutions hereinafter mentioned completed such course oTinstruction as the said Chancellor, Vice Chancellor and Fel^ws shalF, as to the said respective Institutions, by Regulations to be made as aforesaid, from'time to time, determine ; and the Institutrons, ?n which f"«h course of in truct.^^^^ may be completed, shall be those hereinafter mentioned, that is to say =/!} Universities ancl Colleges in Upper, or Lower, Canada, or in any other part of Her Majesty e Dominions, empowel^d to grant Degrees in the Arts and Fact, ties ; Upper Canada College, and all other incorporated Colleges in Upper Canada ; all Colleces and Educa- tionaf Institutions in connexion with the Universfty of London, in England ; and also such other Institutions, corporate, or unincorporated, as now are, or «hall hereaf er be, established for the purposes of Education within this Province, or elsewhere within Her Male ty's Dominions, rthe Governor of this Province shall, from *!"»« to time.prescnbe to the said Chancellor, Vice-chancellor and Fellows, under his Hand and beal-at-arms. XIX And, for the purpose of granting the Degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor of Medicine, and for the improvement of Mecfical Education in all its branches, as well in Medicine as in Surgery, Midwifery and Pharmacy, the sairl <-''ancelbi V.ce- Chancellor and Fellows shall.lrom time to time, report to the Governor of this Prov ice through the Provincial Secretary, what appear to them to 1 e the Medical In«t'tut ous and Schools, whether corporate or unincorporated, in this Province, tern which, either Sy, or jointly with otfier Medical Institution and Schools ,n th'srrovince, or mother parts of Her Majesty's Dominions, or in Foreign Parts, it may be fit and expedient, in ?he judgment of the said Chancellor, Vice Chancellor, and Fellows to admit Candidates for thelledical Degrees, and, on approval of such Report by the Governor, shal admit all persons as Candfdates for the respective Degrees oi^ Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor of Medicine, to be conferred by the said University, on satisfying the said Chancellor, Vice-chancellor and Fellows, that such Candidate has therein completed the course of instruction which they shall, by Regr.lations, in that behalf, determino ; and u shall be lawful for the said Chancellor, Vice'^Chancellor and Fellows, from time to time with the approval of the Governor, to vary, alter and amend any such Reports, by striking out Zl of the said Institutions, or Schools, included therein, or by adding others thereto. XX. The said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Fellows shall have power, after examination, to confer the several Degrees of Bachelor of Arts, Master of Arts, Bachelor of Laws, Doctor of Laws, Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor of Medicine, and to examine for Medical Degrees in the four branches of : Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery and Phar- macy ; and sucl^ reasonable fees shall be charged to the Candidates for Degrees oi for Certificates of Proficiency, as aforesaid, as the Chancellor, Vice-Chaucellor ar.d Fellow-; shall, by Rej;ulations, or By-laws in that behalf, from time to time, determine. XXI At the conclusior of every examination of Candidates for Degrees, the exami- ners shall declare the name of every Candidate whom they shall cl.3em to be entitled to any of the said Degrees, and specify the departments of knowledge in which his proficiency shall have been evinced, and also his proficiency, >" relation to ot.ier Candidates, and he shall receive from the Chancellor a Certificate, under the Seal of the University, and signed by the Chancellor, in which the particulars of proficiency, so declared, shall be stated. XXII. At the conclusion of every examination of Candidates for Certificates of Proficiency, as aforesaid, the Examiners shall, under such Reguialions as shall be n.ude by the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Fellows in that behalf, classify such Cflndidates according to their degrees of proficiency, and declare such relative proficiency, either by Certificate to be granted to them respectively, under the Seal or the University, or m, and by, published lists of the Candidates, to whom such Certificates shall have been granted. XXIII. The Regulations to be made, with respect to the literary and scientific attainments of persons obtaining Degrees, or Certificates of Proficiency^and their exami- nation shall, in so far as circumstances will, in the opinion oi tiic vuanee.ior, r irr- Chancellor and Fellows, permit, be similar to those in force for like purposes in the University of London, to the end, that the standard of qualification in the University ot Toronto may not be inferior to that adopted for a like Degree, Certificate, or Honour, in the University of London. 1851 Chap. XXr. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 225 nation, th® among the :a-iiinerB, so ixamined in md Fellows blishments, ;e and Art, •poses, with Ave Degrees , to be con- (-Chancellor mentioned, and Fellows m aforesaid, instruction Universities T Majesty's )per Canada and Educa- id ; and also liereaf ter be, 3 within Her me, prescribe il-at-arms, ledicine and its branches, icellor, Vice- liis Province, 1 Institutions tvhich, either ce, or in other expedient, in it Candidates , shall admit e and Doctor i Chancellor, the course of d it shall be ime, with the f striking out thers thereto. power, after ^rts, Bachelor id to examine ery and Phar- Bgrees, or for ar.d FellovvR line. es, the exami- be entitled to in which his ,tion to other he Seal of the proficiency, so Certificates of shall be made ich Candidates ncy, either by ivereity, or in, lall have been and scientific id their exami- iiicellor, Virf>- irposes in the ) University of e, or Honour, *u r^u^^^n '''*"'' *^*?'">"«''8 "'f/ *>e required to take the following oath of office before the Chancellor or Vic«i-ChanceUor :— " J **';*'; **"''' ' w'" perfonii my duty of Examiner without fear, favor, alfoctlon. or nartlalitv towanln ''^UI^w^"'^?' So'hdp'n. "gLi°' """^'"'^'^ """^ *" ""^ ''"""""''« '"" ""Ivantl^ieXoh 1. ,fjt «,ually XXV. The present it. ates of the said University shall continue in force, in so far as they shall not be repuf^n, nt to, or inconsistent with, this Act, until they shall ho re- pealwl or altered, in the .nanner hereby provided, oy the Chancellor, Vice-chancellor and * ollows, whose duty it shall be, so soon as conveniently may be, after the passintr of this Act, to revise a 1 the Statutes and Regulations of the said University, so aHo make them harmonize with the provisions of this Act. XXyi. The said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Fellows may make such Specid KegulatioriH as to them sh.dl -eem just, with regard to the examination of Slu.lent^ who have matriculated in the said University before the passing of this Act and with leKard to the completion by them of the described Course of Instruction, but in so far only as relates to the first Decree to be taken by any such Student after the passing of this Act. after which they shall be subject to the same Regulations as are other Candidates. ,,. .^XVII. The said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor .md Fellows may grant one Degree in Divinity to any person, who, without this Act, would, under the Act (of 1849 ) first mentioned, have been entitled to obtain such Degree, and may make such Regulations as to them sha 1 seem just, with regard to the examination of such persons and the condi- tion upon which such Degrees shall be obtained ; but no other Degrees in Divinity shall bo conferred by the said University. ^ 1 ^^y^J^" ^"''^ ^* ^***" ^ otherwise ordered by the said Chancellor, Vice-Chancel- lor and Fellows the present Professors and Lecturers of the said University shall, upon the passing of this Act and, by virtue thereof, be respectively Examiners in the same branches of knowledge in which they are now such Professors and Lecturers, and with the same saLin-. as they now enjoy and tl.o other Officers and Servants of the said University shall, in like manner, continue to hold their offices, salaries, and emoluments, until It be otherwise ordered, as aforesaid. XXIX. The said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Fellows may authorize and require any of the Examiners to give instruction and Lectures to the Students now matricu atcd in the said University, during such time as may, in the opinion of the said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Fellows, be requisite to afford to such Students a fair opportumty of taking one Degree after the passing of this Act ; but no such Examiner, being now a Professor, or Lecturer, in the said University shall receive for such instruc- tion, or Lectures, any allowance beyond his present salary. r .x^^^i .T''.*' '"'''' Cboiot^'lor-. Viro (>n;-P,I'or arwl Fallows, shall reguLi.. , ^o c..i,<.iisca of the said University, with as strict a regard to economy as may be consistent with its thorough efficiency, and shall endeavor so to fix the salaries and allowances of the ll-xaminers and Ofiicers hereafter to be appointed, as that the same may be respectively fairly proportioned to the extent and importance of the duties assigned to them • and all such salaries and allowances shall be fixed by Statute, and no sum exceeding One Hundred pounds currency, (£100,) shall be expended, or the expenditure thereof authorized, except by University Statute. r< v.-^— ^^" ^^^ ^^^^ Chancellor, Vice Chancellor and Fellows, may grant Scholarships Exhibitions, Prizes and Rewards to persons who shall distinguish themselves at this lixamination, but the same to be expended for such purposes, in any one year shall not exceed Five Hundred pounds, (£500,) and such Scholarships as shall be of the nature and extent of those next mentioned ; and all mxoh Scholarships, Exhibitions, Prizes and Pvuwardti slmll be granted acooruing to liegmnLions previously made and published. XXXII. The Scholarbliips provided for in the Fiftieth Section of the Act, (of 1849 ) first mentioned shall hereafter be held to be Scholarships in any of the Institutions in Upper Canada in which the Course of Instruction prescribed by the Regulations of the University may be gone through and completed ; and, to each of such Scholarships, an annual stipend shall be attached, payable, (out of the University funds, or by any County, as the case may be), for such periods, and, on such con-litions, as shall be fix"^ by the Regulations to be made in that beiialt ; and, to any Scholarship granted under :-}^' ?\. t!?^. "^^' preceding Section of this Act, there shall also be attached the title of " University Scholar." XXXIIf. There shall be paid out of the Income Fund of the said University the sum hereinafter mentioned to the Institution in Upper Canada, (except Upper Canada College, which is already endowed out of the Public Lands of that portion of the Prov- ince ), in which any person who shall take a Degree in the said University, shall have gone through and completed the course of instruction required by tlie University in order to enable him to take such Degree, that is to say : If such person take the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, the sum of Twenty-five pounds, (£25,) ; Master of Arts, the sum of Jor»te niav have a Common Seal, with jM)wer to change, alter, lireak, or renew the Name when I'ow*" and as often an they nhall tliink projxT ; nut] the said CoriM)ration may, under the same name, contract and l)e contracted with, sue ami be sued, implead and \hi implewled, prosecuto and be prosecuted, in all Courts and places whatsoever in this I'rovitu'e, and Stolutei shall have full pow •• to make and establish such and so many Rules, Orders ami Kegulations, (not bmng contrary to the Laws of the Country, or this Act,) as they shall deem useful, or necessary, as well concerning the system' of education in, as for the conduct and government cf,the sai.l College, and of any other Institution, or School, connected with, or deiwrident on the sani'i, and of the Cor}M)rtttion thereof, and for the sunerintendence, advantage and improvement ot all the property moveable, or imninve- l'roi«rty. able, belonging to, or M-hich shall hereafter lielong to the said Corporation ; and shall have power to take, under any le.j;al title whatsoever, and to hold for the said College, without any further authority, license, or letters of mortmain, all land and property moveable and immoveable, which may hereafter be sold, ceded, exchange.l, iriveri, bequeathed, or granted, to the said Corporation, or to sell, alienate, convey, let, or lease, the same, if need be. And the said Corporation shall further have the right of Ap,>ointiM(r appointing an attorney, or attorneys, for the management of its affairs, and generally Altorneys. shall enjoy all the rights and privileges enjoyed by other Rcnlies politic and ccrporate, General Powen recognized by the Legislature :— Provided always, that no Rule, Order, or Regulation, ^'rovino : which shall be made and established by the said Corporation, in manner aforesaid, shall '^'f."*^" to ^ be of any force, or ettect, until the same shall have been sanctioned and confirmed by the ft~alof said Lord Bishop, or Bishops, as aforesaid. ^ Bishop III. And he it enacted, That all the property which shall, at any time, belong to the To what said Corporation, as well ae the revenues thereof, shall, at all times, be exclusively pun>o.e8 applied and appropriated to the advancement of education in the said College, or in any popertv shall other Institution, or School, connected with, or dependent on, the same, ancl to no other ''^"I'P"**'- object, institution, or establishment, whatever, IV. And he it enacted. That this Act shall be considered a public Act, by all .ludgps, PuUio A.t Justices of the Peace, ami Officers of Justice, and by all other persons whomsoever, l.d shall be ludicially taken notice of, without being specially pleaded. V. And he it e7iacted. That this Act shall not exteml to weaken, diminish, or Kjshts of the extinguish the rights and privileges of Her Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, nor of Crown, and »o any other person, or persons, ^,ody politic, or corporete, excepting only such riahts as 'orth, saved, are hereby expressly altered, or extinguished. Ordered, that the Honourable Henry John Boulton have leave to bring in a Bill to incor- porate the Toronto School of Medicine. H . accordingly presented the said Bill to the House and the sama was received and read for the first time ; and ordered to be read a second time on Wednesday, the eighteenth instant. IV "^^r v^'^',^' ^^^^' ^"™"a"* to *^he ^^""der of the Day, the following Petitions were read ■ (1), Of the Reverend I. B. Howard, Chairman, on behalf of the Board of Common School Irustees of the Town of Peterborough, praying for the passing of an Act to make more ettectual provision for the maintenance of Grammar Schools in Upper Canada ; (2), Of the Municipal Council of the Town of Guelph, praying for the appropriation of the Clergy Reserve and Rectory Lands to purposes of Education, it was, — June 16th, 1851. On motion of Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie, seconded by Mr. James Hall, Resolved, that an humble Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General praying that he will be pleased to cause the proper Officer to lay before this House, copies of all Reports made, in duplicate, to His Excellency by the Endowment Board of the University of Toronto, and of the Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar School, and by the Auditors of accounts of those Institutions, in compliance with the Provisions contained in Sections Twenty- two and Twenty-three, and Fifty-nine and Sixty, of the University Act of 1849, shewing the State of the Property and Effects, and generally of the fiscal, or financial, affairs of the said I niversity, and of Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar School, since they were established upon principles: "To conciliate the confidence and ensure the support' of all classes and Denominations of Her Majesty's Subjects;" also, copies of all Annual Reports made ^y ..ic P-iu-ipal of Upper Canada College and the Royal Grammar School, shewing their condition and progress, under the authority of Section Fifty-five of the said Act, or so much of the said copies of Reports as may have been received by the Government. Ordered, That the said Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General by this House as arc of tho Honourable the Executive Couucii uf this Province. i !ch Members of Jitne 17th, 1851. Ordered that Mr. James Smith have leave to bring in a Bill to repeal the provision Limiting the Distance Between the County Town and any additional Grammar School m the same County, in Upper Canada. He accordingly presented the said Bill to the House, and the same was received and read for the first time ; and ordered to be read a second time on Thursday next. ,1* V't I -*«' 228 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 June mh, 1851. On motion of the Honoumhle Henry John Boulton, •econded by Mr. Robert Chri»tie, it was,— /-, i Reidved That an humble AddreM bo presented to His Excellency the Governor General, nrav^ia S Excellenoy to cause to be laid before this House, a tabular Return of the pXsfors and othe? ?»e«on. who received «»larie., or ofher emolur,enU. from the late Professors ''"^.^^V*'^ {." . ^„d ^f the Professors and other Persons receiving from, ( r to ^^" Xl^h!ve S^C^d iu the University of Toronto, up to the present time; whom 8?I»r»«». ''»^. 3 thTamount of their respective salaries and emoluments ; the number nitSntrft enrn/eaShtuiTof Le^ whether such Students have been mat ri- of Students attending ewnoo^^ ^^^^^ ^^ Lectures delivered eaoh week hveS?roftor anTthe ;^^^^ each Lecture, the annual income of the bv ?'«'".f'^o*«"°'; *?" "^"n". _j ^hat Dart of the University Endowment has been applied to trrrie"x"?e:.e: 'Sn^^^^^^^^^ wK pi has any part of the Endowment been so applied ; and what Pensioners are paid out of the funds of the ifniversity. Ordered That the said Address be presented to His Excellency the G^e™"'. «S,"!.'!!^^„„? .uchibeV. of tWs House as are of the Honourable the Executive Council of this Province. June 20h 1851. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petitions were read :- M^ of the Universty of Queen's College at Kingston, praying that » g^^fj* »'« ™r^« ^ *^« nL,?Lr School established in connection with the said University, called " Queen s College 2'k r Sar to tW made to the High Schools of Montreal and Quebec; (2), Of tSe Hchool, "™»f'f °,i^^;,,™ 3 ®fc Kingston praying for a grant in aid of the Endowment ot the University «f^i^"««" '(^J'^JSf ^J.^^f b^^^^^ others, Roman Catholics, „f the Town o SineSr^raV^ii foV?he A^.e'Jitrnt ofMIe Nineteenth Section of the Common School Act of Isto io a'stoprovide more effectually for Separate Schools in certain cases. flr ^ iari P„r>.nAnt to the Order of the Day, the following Petitions were read : — a^ i^Mr iohn Neils^n anl^^^^^^^ Walpolo and Rainhani representing ill' insufficiency of the present provi;iou for the support of Common Schools in Upper Canada. V^inTrhlt the orS^^ of the Clergy Reserved may be applied to purposes of Education Si approy ^^^^^ the Rectories aid Clergy Reserve Lands to purposes of General Education. A Message from the Legislative Council, by John Fennings Taylor, Esquire, one of the Masters in Chancery, was received, as follows :- ^"•ThfiLeSslative Council have passed a Bill, intituled: "An Act to Incorporate the RnrWton WierAcSv," to which they desire the concurrence of this House; and also, the tSat^f CouncU ^^^^^ a Bill Intituled : "An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine," to which they desire the concurrence of this House. ToEONTO, June 25*^, 1851. Ren6 K. Caron, Speaker. An engrossed Bill from the Legislative Council, intituled :" An Act to Incoi-porate the *^' ^(Tn irtkn of the Honourable Henry John Boulton, seconded by Mr. George Sherwood of Brockville, it was, Ordered, That the said Bill be read a second time to-morrow. On motion of Sir Allan N. Macnab, seconded by Doctor Harmannus Smith, It was,- Committee on Miscellaneous Private Bills. t^ -j t J„„, mh. mi. On motion of Mr. William H Boulton seconrted by M,. Band X "°'Z;':rTh.t .«■ --We Add.- troTh^H'o-ura^^^M'i.rt^-'^- praying that he will «a.«.e to b. l..d ^^«^l*'l^^'^^^^^^^^^, & Intereat on aU K^»r ".'u^rSnl S'ttVo^n^. Ttd Mod.. Schools ("and Eduction 0»co.) at Toronto, now outstanding. 1861 led by Mr, lor Oeneriil, ;urn uf the )m the late from, or to >esent time ; the number been matri- d eanh week come of the in applied to I Bo applied ; • General by is Province. rere read : — made to the aen's College ; (2), Of the urment of the the Town of Jchool Act of were read : — representing pper Canada, f Education ; e adoption of a the Clergy Township of ), and for the al Education. ), one of the sorporate the ise ; and also, the Toronto Speaker. icoi'porate the m the Legis- ae," was read Sherwood of [t was, — ; •' An Act to rinitv College, I the Stoi.ding ilr. David 3. amor General, he annual sum Interest on all ion Offices) at Chap. XXI. EDUCATIONAL I'HOCEEDINaS OF THE LEOIHLATURE OF CANADA. 229 Ordered, That the said Addresa \m presented to His Excellency the Governor General by such Members of this House as are of the Honourable the Kxecutive Council of this Province. June aith, 1851. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petition was read : Of Mr. Charles P. Treadwell, of L'Origna), County of Preucott, praying for the apni-opriation of a sufficient sum of money to purchase for each Nlember of both Branches of the Ixjgislature, one set of Holbrook's School Apparatus, to be by thom presented to the best Model, or Grammar, School in their respective Counties, Towns, or Cities. Ordered, That the Bill to Incorporate Trinity College, Toronto, as t-eported from the Standing Committee on Miscellaneous Private Bills, be committed to a Committee of the whole House, for Monday nex*-. Jwie SOth, 1851. The Order of the Day for the second Reading of the Honourable Henry Sherwood's Bill to amend the Charter of the University of Toronto, being read, it was, Ordered, That the Bill be read a second time on Wednesday next. 0^dy2nd., 1851. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petition was read : Of the Municipal Council of the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville, praying for a certain amendment to the Common School Act of 1850. And the Order of the Day for the second Reading of the Bill to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine, being read, it was, Ordered, That the Bill be read a second time on Wednesday next. The Order of the Day tor the second Reading of the engrossed Bill from the Legislative Council : intituled : " An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine", being read ; the Bill was accordingly read a second time ; and referred to the Standing Committee on Miscellaneous l>rivate Bills. Jtdy 3rd, 1851. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petitions were read : (1), Of Mr. James Carpenter and others of the Village and vicinity of Demorestville, County of Prince Edward, praying that the number of Pupils required by Law to be in attendance at the Grammar School in the said Village may be reduced : (2), Of the Municipality of the Township of Crowland, praying that the Rectory and Clergy Reserve Lands may be appropriated to pur- posep of General Education. July 7th, /S51.— Pursuant to the Order of the Day, a Petition was read ; Of the Municipal Council of the County of York ; praying for certain amendments to the Common School Act of 1850, as follows :— To THi Honourable the Leoislativk As'-wmbly of the Province of Canada. The Petition of the Municipal Council of the. Com',/ of York, Reapectfully Shaveth : 1. That the position which the Member Jus Council occupy, in regard to the educational interests of their constituents, has enabled \ uui Petitioners to observe, with attention, the results consequent upon the introduction of the Statute, I3th and 14th Victoria, Chapter 48, which is the Common School Act of 1850, now in op<>rati<)ii. In so doing, it is with regret that yoiu Petitioners find that several of its provisions, although evidently intended t- have been beneficial, practically obstruct its legitimate operation, and iletract from its general and due appreciation. 2. With a view to conduce to t'u; removal of the difficulties above referred to, your Potitioners bejf leave to submit to the serious ct ■risideration of your Honourable House, the following nuggestions ; and, in so doing, would firstly refci to the Twenty-eighth Section of the said Act, under which pro- vision the County has to bca the whole expense attendant upon tbe examination of Teachers, from which. Cities situated within the limits of School Circuits, (as an insttviice the City of Toronto,) derive a proportionate benefit. Your Petitioners would, in such cases, pray your Honourable House to make it imperative upon such Cities to pay a just proportion of the expenses thus incurred in providing Teachers for such School Circuits. 3. Your Petitioners would likewise respectfully submit to your Ho ■ able House the considera- tion, whether the Local Superintendents generally, would not, in all pr.oabiliiy, be induced to dis- charge their duties with greater zeal and assiduity, were their tenura of office made dependent upon the pleasure of the County Councils, rather than subject to an ar.iual appointmer.fc by those Bomes, pursuant to, the Twenty-seventh Section, sub-section three of the said Act. 4. Your Petitioners also feel desirous that the mode of distribution of the School Fund to the several School Sections should be in accordance with that prescribed by the Thirteenth Section of the repealed Ac of 1846, 9th Victoria, Chapter Twenty*, that is, according to the number of children hetween the ages of 5 and 16 years, inhabiting such Sections, as compared with the number oi cnch children within any Towuship, mul not according to the average atteuJauce iu the Schuuls,as proviUeu in the present Act of 1850. 5 But the primary object to which your Petitioners would humbly desire to invite the serious consideration of Your Honourable House, is the provision for the establishment of Separate Schools *A copy of this ,ict is printed on i);ij;e8 59-70 of the Sixth Volrme of this Documentary History. 230 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1861 :i i\ g: for Roman Catholics in Protestant localities, by Section Nineteenth of the same Act of 1850. This provision, Your Petitioners humbly, but most decidedly, deprecate, as injurious and baneful in the extreme to the otherwise progressively harmonidng effects of Renerally diflused *.ducation. it, as Your Petitioners most respectfully submit, such concessions be consonant with, and due to those classes, all other Christian Denominations will probably apply for, and reasonably expect, to be invested with like privileges, and, in the event of concurrence therewith, the result, m the opimon ot Your Petitioners, would be the prostration of the Education of the people at the shrine of Kelij|iou8 sectarianism, in the first place; the fostering and dissemination of unamiable feelings in society, arising from the early separation, and consequent enstrangement, of the youth of the Country, m the second place ; and thirdly, the exhibition of Common School Education,- ^ ■, »' . . , _ .._ •'-._ intrinsic merits alone, but as estimated chiefly, or merely, as a means to conduce not in a position in which it is Appreciated on its 6wn intrinsic merits alone, but as estimated chiefly, or merely, as a means to conduce to the prevalence, or propogation, of the peculiar tenets, or opinions, of contending, or discordant sects, or imaginary divided interests, inducing, in the end, a state of things which, by causing depre- ciation in the v^lue now beginning to be set on public Education in the mind of the community, would eventually dissipaie, or destroy, the bright prospects of amelioration in the carrying out of this great object, which has been so earnestly and anxiously anticipated by the Country. 6. In conclusion. Your Petitioners assure your Honourable House, that, in the event of your concurrence in the views and objects hereinbefore recited, a proportionate degree of satisfaction would be induced, which would materially diminish the eflects of any influence which might, at any time, be exerted, adverse to the interests of the important subject of this Petition,— the education ot the community. And Your Petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever pray. Toronto, 24th June, 1851. Franklin Jackes, Warden, County of York, Jxdy 9th, 1851. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petition was read : Of the Municipality of the Township of Pelham, praying for the abolition of the Rectoriea and the sale of the Clergy Reserves, and that the proceeds thereof be appropriated to purposes of Gen- eral Education. The Order of the Day for the Second Reading of the Bill to Incorporate the Toronto School , of Medicine, being read ; it was, — Ordered, that the Bill be read a second time on Wednesday next. The Order of the Day for the second Reading of the engrossed Bill from the Legislative Council, intituled, '"An Act to Incorporate the Burlington Ladies Academy, being read, the Bill was accordingly read a second time ; and referred to the Standing Committee on Miscellan- eous Private Bills. The Order of the Day for the House in Committee, on the Bill to Incorporate Trinity College, Toronto, being read, the House accordingly resolved itself into the said Committee. Mr. Wolfred Nelson took the chair of the Committee ; and, after some time spent therm, Mr Speaker resumed the Chair ; and Mr. Nelson reported. That the Committee had gone through theBill. and made amendments thereunto. It was then,— Ordered that the Report be received to-morrow. Jtdy 10th, 1851. On motion of Mr. William H. Boulton, seconded by Mr. John McConnell, it was Resolved, That an humble Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General, praying His Excellency to cause to be laid before this House, a Return of the affairs of Queen s. feejopolis and Victoria Colleges, from the first of January. 1&48, to the first ^^ /^""^'y'^^S^ shewing the names of the Officers of each Institution, with the date of their several appointments the Salary attached to each Office, and the period up to which such salary has been paid ; the number of Pupils in attendance at each of the said Institutions, during the same Pe"«f «n the first days of January and July in each year ; and the average amount paid by each P"Pil a''""' ally for Education, exclusive of board and lodging ; and also a similar Return where board and lodging is included. Ordered, That the said Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General by such Members or this House as are of the Executive Council of this 1 rovmce. Jvh, nth, 1851. The Order of the Day for receiving the Report of the Committee of the whole House on the Bill to Incorporate Trinity College, being read Sir Allan N. Macnab moved seconded by the Honourable John A. Macdonald, and the Question being proposed, ?hatthi Report b/now received : The Honourable Francis Hincks moved ^n /nj«ndmeiit to the Question. 'seconded by the Honourable James Harvey Pnce, That all Uie words after That^^^ to the end of the Question be left out, m order to aad iho woru= . ih^ tfi.x o.. now - om-iuL ed for the purpose of leaving out the words: 'and of any other Institution or ' m the Second Sec- tion and inserting the words : 'and of a preparatory ' instead thereof ; and of Jeavmg «u the words : "or any other ^Institution or,' in the fhird Section, and inserting the words : 'a prepara- ory' instead thereof :" And the Question being put on the Amendment, it was resolved in the Affirmative. 1851 Chap. XXI. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEOISLATURE CF CANADA. 231 I- "it p. [850. This neful in the ion. If, as ue to those pect, to be e opinion of )f Relijjious iety, arising » the second which it is IS to conduce • discordant using depre- mity, would of this great vent of your iction would it any time, ;ation of the 3f York. as read : Of ries and the oses of Gen- ronto School B Legislative ng read, the n Miscellan- »rate Trinity Committee, therin, Mr. ![one through 1 McConnell, ■nor General* ■8 of Queen's, muary, 1851> ppointments: sn paid ; the ariod, on the 1 Pupil annu- )re board and ir General by imittee of the \n N. Macnab ling proposed, amendment to after "That," i\y recommitt- ,e Second Sec- caving out the s : 'a prepara- lative. Then the main Question, so amended, being put ; it was, — Resolved, That the Bill be now recommitted for the purpose of leaving out the words : "and of any Institution or," in the Second Section, and inserting the words : "and of a preparatory" instead thereof ; and of leaving out the words : "or any other Institution or," in the Third Sec- tion, and inserting the words : "a preparatory" instead thereof. The House accordingly resolved itieU into the said Committee. Mr. Wolfred Nelson took the chair of the Committee ; and after some time spent therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the Chair ; And Mr. Nelson reported. That the Committee had gone through the Bill, and made further Amendments thereunto, and the Ques- tion being proposed, That the Report bo now received ; the Honourable Robert Baldwin moved in amendment to the Question, seconded by Sir Allan N. Macnab, That all the words after "That," to the end of the Question be left out, in order to add the words : "the Bill be now again recommitted for the purpose of leaving out the words : 'and generally shall enjoy all the rights and privileges enjoyed by other Bodies, politic and corporate, recognized by the Legisla- ture,' and inserting the words : *and all other rights necessarily incident to a Body corporate,' instead thereof ;" And the Question being put on the Amendment, it was resolved in the Affirmative. Then the main Question, so amended, being put, it was, — Resolved, That the Bill be now again recommitted for the purpose of leaving out the words : " and generally shall enjoy all the rights and privileges enjoyed by other Bodies politic and cor- porate, recognized by the Legislature," and inserting the words : "al other rights necessarily incident to a Body corporate " instead thereof. The House accordingly again resolved itself into the said Committee, Mr. Wolfred Nelson took the chair of the Committee ; and after some time spent therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the Chair ; and Mr Nelson reported, "That the Committee had gone through the Bill and made another amendment thereunto. Then the Question being proposed. That the Report be now received Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie moved in amendment to the Question, seconded by Mr. Caleb Hopkins, That all the wordsafter "That," to the end of the Question be left out, in order to add the words : " the Bill be now again recommitted for the purpose of leaving out the words : ' or letters of Mortmain ', in the second Clause thereof ; " And the Question being put on the Amendment ; the House divided, And it passed in the Negative. The Question being again put. That the Report be now received ; the House divided : and the names being called for, and they were taken down, as follow : — Yeas— Messieurs David M. Armstrong, William Badgley, Robert Baldwin, Robert Bell, Henry J. Boulton, William H. Bou'ton, Thomas Boutillier, Read Burritt, George E. Cartier, Joseph Cauchon, Jean Chabofc, Robert Christie, John P. Crysler, Pierre Davignon, Louis T. Drummond. A. J. Duchesnay, Thomas Fortier, Charles F. Fournier, M. Fourquin, Louis Guil- let, James HaJl, Francis Hincks, Benjamin Holmes, Andre Jobin, Thomas H. Johnston, Joseph Laurin, M. P. Le Sales Letellier, (ieorge B. Lyon, John S. Macdonald, John A. Macdonald, Sir Allan Napier Macnab, Edward Malloch, John McConnell, Alexander Mo Lean, William H. Merritt, Francois X. Methot, Adam H. Meyers, .lean B. Mongenais, Wolfred Nelson, Louis J. Papineau, Antoine Polette, James H. Price, William B. Richards. William B. Robinson, Tancrede Sauvageau, John Scott, William H. Scott, Benjamin Seymour, George Sherwood, Henry Sherwood, James Smith, Henry Smith, Harmannus Smith, David B. Stevenson, Joseph C. Tache and L. M. Viger : 56. Nays — Messieurs Caleb Hopkins and William L. Mackenzie : 2. So it was resolved in the Affirmative. Mr. Nelson reported the Bill accordins;ly ; and the Amendments were read. Sir Allan N. Macnab moved, seconded by the Honourable John A. Macdonald, and the Question being proposed, That the amendments be now read a second time ; Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie moved, in amendment to the Question, seconded by Mr. Caleb Hopkins, that all the words after "That." t^the end of the Question, be left out in order to add the words : ' ' inasmuch as the United Church of England and Ireland has heretofore been, and now is, arrayed against the people of Upper Canada in their long continued efforts for equal Civil and Religious rights, for the supremacy of Religion over Government control, for the abolition of the Rectories, and the appropriation of the Clergy Reserves to General Education ; and, as Bills are now before this House, intended to give to that Church extraordinary powers, rights and privileges, denied to all Denominations, and virtually recognizing its establishment by the State, in this Province, it is dangerous and inexpedient to fortify and strengthen the said Church in its hostility to the rights of others, and to the liberty of the Country, by granting its request for the special incorporation of an enclusive Sectarian College for itself," instead thereof : ' And a Debate arising thereupon ; and Mr. Mackenzie arising to address the House a second time on the Question, objection was made thereto. On motion of Mr. Willian Notman, seconded by Mr. Thomas H. Johnson, it was, — Ordered, That Mr. William L. Mackenzie have leave to be again heard on the Question. 232 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 i I Mr. Mackenzie then again apoke to the Question, and the Question being put on the Amendment ; the House divided ; and fche names being called for, they were taken down aa follows : — „ . J • iu Yeas. -Messieurs Caleb Hopkins, and William L. Mackenzie : 2 So it passed in the negative. Then the main Question being put, it was resolved in the affirmative. And the amendments being read a second time, were agreed to. It was then,— Ordered, That the Bill, with the Amendments, be engrossed, and read the third time on Monday next. ' Jvlv 15th, 1851.— The Order of the Day for the third Reading of the engrossed Bill to ' Incorporate Trinity College, being read. Sir Allan N. Macnab moved, seconded by the Honeur- able William Badgley, and the Question being put, that the Bill be now read the third time , the House divided : and the names beinjj called for, they were taken down, as follows :— Nays —Messieurs Caleb Hopkins, and WiUiam Lyon Mackenzie : 2. So it was resol- ved in the affirmative. The Bill was accordingly read the third time. It was then.— Resolved, That the Bill do pass. It was also,— Ordered, That Sir Allan N. Macnab do carry th^ BUI to the Legislative Council, and desire their concurrence. July 16th, I«5i.-Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the following Petitions were read : (1), Of the Very Reverend Archdeacon Stuart and others. Trustees of the Midland District School Society, of Kingston, praying aid for the erection and maintenance of a School House in the City of Kingston : (2), of the Municipal Council of the County of Oxford, praying that the funds arismg from the Clergy Reaerves and Rectories may be applied to Common School purposes. July 18th, IS5I.- Ordered, that the engrossed BUI from the Legislative Council, intituled : '♦ An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine," as reported from the Standing Com- mittee on MisceUaneous Private BUls, be committed to a Committee of the whole House for Monday next. A Message from the Legislative Council, by John Fennings Taylor, Esquire, one of the Masters in Chancery, was read as follows :- • Mr. Speakek, The Legislative Council have passed the Bill, intituled : " An Act to Incorporate Trinity College," without any Amendment. ToKONTO, July 18th, 1861. ^^^^ E. Caron, Speaker. Jvlv 21st, 1«51.— Ordered, That the engrossed Bill from the Legislative Council, intituled : "An Act to Incorporate the Burlinaton Ladies' Academy," as refwrted from the Standing Committee on MisceUaneous Private Bills, be committed to a Committee of the whole House, for To-morrow. Julv Z8rd, I«5i. -Ordered, That Mr. William H. Boulton have leave to bring in a Bill to amend the Charter of the University of Toronto, and to constitute an Umversity of Upper Canada in lieu thereof. He accordingly presented the said Bill to the House, and the same was received and read for the first time ; and ordered to be read a second time on Monday next.* The following is a copy of this Bill : — Bill : An Act to Amend the Chakter of the University of Toronto and to CoNSTWPTE " The UNivERSiiy of Upper Canada " in lieu thereof. Whereas it is expedient that there should be a University in Upper Canada 8o con- stituted as to aflford to all Denominations and classes of Her Majesty s subjects, without favouritism the means of obtaining those distinctions and evidences of prohciency m the Arts, Faculties and Sciences and in the various branches of a liberal Academical Jiduca- tion, to which their respective attainments may entitle them ; and, — Whereas experience hath shewn that the principles embodied in Her Majesty's Royal Charter to the University of London in England, are well adapted to promote the attainment of the objects aforesaid, and would be acceptable to all classes of Her Majesty's subjects in t.hiB Province : Be it therefore enacted, etcetera. That so much of the Act (of 1849), passed in the Twelfth Year of Her Majesty's Reign, intituled : ... 1 • • • ■ •* '^i . -1. * ^Y- ^''"^ t^.r »<,4.«m:aViA#i af TiM-nnfA hv Tfia Malpsf.v Kinor Oftorfire r^erred the Fourth,''to°proWde"or'th;m^^^^^^^ reierrea »n«^^^|.^ with the Mine, und with the Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar School, forming an Ap- pendage thereof," Part of the University Act of 1840 and the Cliurler therein *Thig University Bill of Mr. Boulton's never went to a second reading, but was evidently dropped, as it did not come *8»\" ^S'^/^f thinot°wm be^found on pages U7-ie6of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. Chap. XXI. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 233 'if*'- ird time on Her Majesty's 8 it did not come or of the Royal Charter therein referred to, as confers the power of granting Degrees in the , Faculties of Arts, Law and Medicine on the Corporation therein mentioned and styled : " The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Toronto," and all such parts of the said Act, or Charter, as are inconsistent with anything in this Act contained, shall be, and the same are hereby repealed ; and that the said Corporation shall hence- forth be called : " University College," and shall continue to be a Body Corporate, with such collegiate powers and privileges as are conferred upon it by those portions of the said Charter and Act, which remain in force after the passing of this Act ; and neither such change of name, nor anything in this Act, shall be construed to make the said Col- lege a new Corporation, or to cause any action, or suit, or proceeding, in Law, or Equity, to which the said College may be a party, to cease, or be discontinued, but the same maj be continued upon the suggestion of the passing of this Act, by, against, or with regard to the said College, by the corporate name hereby assigned to it, and that nothing in this Act shall be construed to apply to any portion of the Endowment of the said College, other than such as may be necessary for defraying the expenses of management of the University hereinafter constituted, or so alter, change, or vary, the present provision made for the government, or management, of its funds : Provided always, that nothing in this Act shall be taken to destroy the powers, or action, of the Senate of the Corporation aforesaid, hereafter to be called : " University College," except only in so far as such powers shall be inconsistent with this Act, but that the said Senate shall continue to exist under the title of : " the Council of Univer- sity College," to be constituted in the manner hereinafter provided, and the Members thereof shall be appointed in the same manner and hold their seats respectively for the same term as prior to the passing of this Act, except in so far as it is herein otherwise provided ; nor shall the seat of any Member of the Senate be vacated by the mere pass- ing of this Act ; and Provided also, that the said College shall not be entitled to receive, or charge, fees for Degrees to be granted by the University hereinafter constituted, and the Scholarships endowed by the College, or any County, or Counties, of Upper Canada shall, as in the manner hereinafter ordered, be open to the competition of afl persons in Upper Canada. II. And, for the pur "r-ent of the expenses of the management of the University hereinafter constitutef^^ Be it enacted, TI a. t?,M<5 shall be paid and applied yearly, out of the income of the Endowment of Univvrs-i/^ College aforesaid, a sum of money adequate for the purpose, and the same is hereby made an annual charge on the said income ; but such annual payment shall not exceed the sum of Five hundred pounds, (£500,) and such payment shall cease at any time that such expenses of management may be provided for out of Provincial funds. III. And whereas it is expedient to make provision for the re-constitution of the Senate of University College, Be it enacted, That there shall be in the said " University College " a deliberative body to be called : " The Council of University College," which shall consist of the President and all the Professors of the said University College, and of six additional Members, who shall be appointed to seats in the said Council by the Crown, and such Council shall have, and exercise, such rights, powers and authority in the said " Univer- sity (Mlege," as in and by the hereinbefore recited Act, (of 1849,) the Senate of the Uni- versity of Toronto had and exercised under the said Act, in the said University of Toronto, save and except, where any of such rights, powers and authority may be abolished, or restricted, bv this Act. Provided that no person shall be appointed by the Crown to a seat in the said Council who could not, under the said recited Act (of 1849,) be appointed to a seat in the Senate of the said University of Toronto. IV. And be it enacted. That there shall be at the City of Toronto, in Upper Canada, a University to be called " The University of Upper Canada," which shall be a Body Corporate and politic, and shall have perpetual succession and a Common Seal, and such other corporate powers as may be necessary to the exercise of the authority hereby vested in it, put shall not have the power of holding property, real, or personal ; and the said University shall consist of one Chancellor, one Vice-Chancellor, one Pro-Vice- Chancellor, and such number of Fellows as the Governor of this Province, shall, from time to time, appoint under his Hand and Seal-at-arms, and as shall be appointed by the Senate unde^ *he power hereinafter contained ; and the Governor of this Province shall be the Visi »r of the said University. V. The Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor Pro-Vice-Chancellor and Fellows, for the time being, shall constitute the Senate of the said University ; and the Chancellor shall be .^.ppoii^t'Cf. ..y .'ho ..^ov^mor sn t-n© nicnin^r RiorcSftiu, anu sjiEiil coiitinuc to iioiu omce lor three years ; but no Minister, Ecclesiastic, or Religious Teacher, shall, at any time, be appointed Chancellor. VI. Whenever a vacancy shall occur by death, or otherwise, in the Office of Chancellor of the said University, the (Jovernor shall nominate and appoint a fit and proper person to be Chancellor, in the stead and place of the one occasioning such vacancy. to be repeale in 80 far as is consistent with this Act. New Corpora- tion : University College. Proviso. Proviso. Allowance out of College funds to defray the expenses of the University. Constitution of the Council (heretofore called the Senate) of the College. Proviso. University of Upper Canada Constituted. Senate Constituted. Vacancy in the office of Chancellor. II i iiirr'' i'i 1 I i; 234 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IX UPPER CANADA. 1851 Election of Vlce- Chancellor and Pro-Vice- Chancellor. .1 > I I' m, Senate may All vacancies among Fellows when their number is reduced below 84. Majority of Senate to decide. Quorum. Chairman. Appointing Omcers and Servants. Examiners to be appointed. Proviso. What Institutions shall be in connection with the College. VII. The offices of Vice-Chancellor and Pro-Vice-Chancellor of the said University shall be annual ones ; and the Members of the Senate shall, at a meeting to be holden by them for that purpose, and of which due notice shall be given, elect some one of the Fellows of the said University to be Vice-Chancellor, and another to be Pro-Vice- Chancellor, who shall hold their offices for one year from the time of their election, and the Members of the Senate shall, at a meeting to be holden for that purg)se, on some day within a month before the expiration of the tenure of the said office, of which meeting due notice shall be given, elect some one of the Fellows of the said University to be Vice-Chancellor, and another to be Pro- Vice-Chancellor, and so, from time t6 time, annually ; or, in case of the death, resignation, or other avoidance, of the office of any such Vice-chancellor, or Pro-Vice-Chancellor, before the expiration of his year of olhce, shall, at a meeting to be holden by them for that puipose, as soon as conveniently may be, of which due notice shall be gi en, elect one, or otlier, of the said Fellows to be Vice- Chancellor, or Pro- Vice-Chancellor, for the remainder of the year m which such death, resignation, or other avoidance of such office, shall happen. VIII If at any time, by death, or otherwise, the number of Fellows shall be reduced below the number of Twenty-four, exclusive of the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Pro- Vice-Chancellor, for the time being, there, and in such case, and as often as the same shall happen, the Members of the Senate shall, as soon as conveniently may be, at a meeting to be holden for that purpose, of which due notice shall be given, elect one, or more, fit and proper persons, —firstly from among the Graduates of any University in the British Dominions, who may be resident in Canada, and next, or m case the number cannot be satisfactorily selected from among such graduates, as aforesaid, then, as the said Senate may see iit, from among men of sound learning and good standing in the said Province, to be Fellows, in addition to the then remaining Fellows, to the end that, by means of such election, the number of Twenty-four Fellows of the said University may be complete. IX All questions, which shall come before the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Pro- Vice-Chancellor and Fellows, shall be decided by the majority of the Members present, ^ and the Chairman at any such meeting shall have a vote, and, in case of equality of , votes, he shall have a second, or casting, vote. X No question shall be decided at any Meeting unless the Chancellor, or Vice- Chancellor, and Five Fellows, or, in the absence of the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, or Pro-Vice-Chancellor, unless Six Fellows, at the least, shall be present at the time of such decision. XI At every meeting of the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice-Chancellor and Fellows, the Chancellor, or, in his absence, the Vice-Chancellor, or, in case of his absence also, then the Pro- Vice-Chancellor shall preside as Chairman ; or, in the absence of both, a Chairman shall be chosen by the Members present, or the major part of them. XII The said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice Chancellor and Fellows, for the time being, shall have full power, from time to time, and as they shall see occasion, to remove all Examiners, Officers, and Servants of the said University. XIII That once, at least, in every year, the said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Pro- Vice-Chancellor and Fellows, shall nominate certain Professors, or Lecturers, from amongst those belonging to the Colleges in connection with the said University, or such other men of sound learning, as they may see fit. to be the Board of Examiners of the University ; Provided, always. That no two Professors of the same branch of education shall be appointed to the skid Board of Examiners ; but the said Examiners shall be choBen in such manner as that the respective subjects of education, or learning, be fully represented in the said Board ; and, at every examination, the candidates shall be examined in as many branches of Knowledge as the Senate shall consider most fitting subiects for such Examination, and as shall be declared by previous Statute to be passed by the said Senate. XIV And in order to extend the benefits of Colleges and establishments already instituted in the Province for the promotion of Literature, Science and Arts, by connect- ing them, for such purposes, witlfi the said University, all jpersons shall be admitted Ls Candidates for the resVective Degrees of Bachelor of Arts, faster of Arts, Bachelor of Laws, or Doctor of Lawsfor Bachelor of Medicine or Doctor of Medicine to be conferred by the said University of Upper Canada, on satisfying the Chancellor \ ice-Chancellor, Pro Vice-chancellor and Fellows that such persons have, m any of the Institutions hereinafter mentioned, completed such course of instruction as the said Chancellor, Vic^- nuo^rtc"— Vrn-Vine-Clian'^fillnr and Fellows shall, by Regulations made, as aforesaid, i^mtx'me to time, determine ; and the Institutions, in which such course of instructiou may be completed, shall be those hereinafter mentioned,-that is to say, all Universities and Colleges in Canada, or in any other part of Her Majesty s Dominions, empowered to Jrant Degrees in the AHs and /acuities ; Upper Canada College and all other incorpor- ated Colleges in Canada ; all Colleges and Educational Institutions m connection with the University of London, in England, and also such other Institutions as now are, or shall 1851 Chap. XXI. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 235 PA id University to be hold en me one of the be Pro-Vice- ' election, and pose, on some ffics, of which lid University I time t6 time, office of any year of office, eniently may iws to be Vice- ;h such death, lall be reduced lellor and Pro- m as the same r may be, at a I, elect one, or University in se the number i, then, as the tanding in tlie J the end that, aid University lancellor, Pro- nbers present, ! of equality of ' sllor, or Vice- Chancellor, or at the time of Chancellor and in case of his a ; or, in the the major part d Fellows, for II see occasion, hancellor, Pro- lecturers, from fersity, or such :aminers of the ication shall be .11 be choBen in lly represented examined in as ibjects for such ed by the said hments alreadj' rts, by connect- ill be admitted rts, Bachelor of to be conferred 'ice-Chancellor, he Institutions lancellor, Vice- 8, as aforesaid, 3 of instruction all Universities , empowered to other incorpor- lection with the ow are, or shall Power to confer the various Degrees. Names of successful Candidates to be declared. Standard of acquirements not to be inferior to that of the University of London for the same degree, &c. Provision as to degrees in Divinity. hereafter be, established for the purposes of education within this Province, as shall be recommended, for affiliation, to the Governor General by the Senate of the University, and so appointed by him. XV. The said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice-Chancellor and Fellows shall have power, after examination, ',o confer the several Decrrees of Bachelor of Arts, Master of Arts, Bachelor of Laws, Doctor of Laws, Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor of Medicine, and, to examine, for Medical Degrees, in the branches of Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery and Pharmacy ; and such reasonable fees shall be charged to the Candidates for Degrees as the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Pro- Vice-Chancellor and Fellows shall, by Regula- tions, or By-laws, in that behalf, from time to time, determine. XVI. At the conclusion of every examination of Candidates for Degrees, the Examiners shall declare the name of every Candidate whom they shall deem to be entitled to any of the said Degrees, and the departments of knowledge in which his proficiency shall have been evinced, and also his proficiency in relation to other Candi- aatos ; and he shall receive from the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, or Pro-Vice-Chancellor, a Certificate under the Seal of the University, and signed by the Chancellor, Vice- Chancellor, or Pro- Vice-Chancellor, in which the particulars, so declared, shallbe stated. XVII. The Regulations to be made with respect to the Literary and Scientific attainments of Candidates for Degrees and their examination, shall, in so far as circumstances will, in the opinion of the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice- Chancellor and Fellows, permit, be similar to those in force for like purposes, in the University of London,— to the end, that the standard of qualification in the University of Upper Canada may not be inferior to that adopted for a like Degree, Certificate, or Honour, in the University of London. XVIII. The Examiners may be required to take the following oath of office before the Examiners to be Chancellor, or Vice-Chancellor, or Pro- Vice-Chancellor : — sworn. "I swear that I will perform my duty of Examiner without fear, favour, affection, or parti lity, towards any Candidate, and that I will not knowingly allow to any fTandidate anv advantage which is not equally allowed to all ; so help me God." XIX. And, as regards Degrees in Divinity, Be it enacted, That no one shall be admitted to any Degree in Divinity, in the said University, who has not previously taken a Degree in the Faculty of Arts in the said University, or in some other University in the British dominions, as a guarantee to the Senate of his literary attainments ; and that the Degree of Bachelor, or Doctor, in Divinity shall be conferred upon such candidates, being graduates as aforesaid, as shall produce to the said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor. or Pro- Vice-Chancellor, a Certificate of their having been examined for such Degree, and entitled thereto, by, at least, three Priests, Ministers, or Ecclesiastics, appointed for tliat purpose by the College in connection with the University of Upper Canada, to which the said Candidate shall belong, provided that such Certificate shall be appro\ ed by the Head of the College by which such Examiners were appointed, and sealed with the Corporate Seal of such College. XX. And it be enacted, That each College in connection with the said University may, according to it powers in that behalf, frame its own By-laws for its good govern- ment, internal Regulations, and other such matters, independently of the Senate of the said University provided, nevertheless, that each College shall be required to conform and comply with the standard of acquirement laid down by the said Senate, in so far as relates to Degrees in the Faculties of Arts, Law and Medicine. XXI. The said Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Fellows shall regulate the expenses of the said University, with as strict reeard to economy as may be consistent with its thorough efficiency, and shall endeavor so to fix the fees and allowances of the PiXaminers and Officers, hereafter to be appointed, as that the same may be respectively fairly proportioned to the extent and importance of the duties assigned to them ; and all such fees and allowance shall be fixed by Statute. XXII. And be it enacted, That the Scholarships provided for in the Fiftieth Sec- tion of the said recited act of 1849* shall hereafter be held to be Scholarships in any College in connection w ith the said University of Upper Canada ; and that the examina- tion for such Scholarships shall he conducted by the Board of Examiners of the said Uni- versity of Upper Canada, hereinbefore provided for ; and any person who shall have obtained any such Scholarship shall immediately signify in writing to the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, or Pro- Vice-Chancellor, of the University of Upper Canada, the name of the College, in connection with the said University, at which he intends lo reside, and may then reside at and attend such College, and have and enjoy at the said College all the privileges and emoluments of the said Scholarship. XXIII. And be it enacted. That the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, or Pro- Vice- Chancellor, of the said University, shall, without delay, report to the Council of the said University College the names of all those who shall have obtained such Scholarships upon the examinations to be had, as aforesaid, and, upon receiving such Report, the said Council of the said University College shall permit the parties, who shall have obtained the said Scholarships, to receive, and shall grant all necessary orders, and do every necessary act, to enable such parties to receive the emoluments of such Scholarships. *This Section is printed on pages 15P, 160 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. Colleges may frame their own regulations except as to standard of requirement. Affairs to be economically administered. Scholarships under Sect. 50 of 12 Vint. Chap. 82, to be Scholar- ships in any Col- lege connected with the Uni- versity. Names of suc- cessful candi- date- fnr Scholarships to he reported. mm ' * Tim . t fL_ . 236 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 T,Lh,mh 1851 The Order of the Day for the second Reading of the Bill to repeal the and committed to a Committee of the whole House, for Monday next. Jvly SOth, 1861. On motion of Mr. WUliam Lyon Mackenzie, seconded by Mr. James Smith, '' ^^i^ved That an humble Address be presented to his Excellency the Governor General, praying th^t'HltceU^^^^^^^^ cause toVl-i^ before this H--' Jffi «/ ^^J^g^J ;;/ Reporte, of the Commissioners who were appointed to Inquire into the Aflairs of King s College, (now the University of Toronto,) and Upper Canada College. n.^^^^ That fhfi Raid Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General by .uchMlrbJoftibHot^a^^^^^ Counca of th» Province. The Honourable Francis Hincks, one of Her Majesty's Executive Council, laid before the House, by command of His Excellency the Governor General, TheAnnual Report of the Normal, Model and Common Schools in Upper Canada, for the year 18o0, by the Chief Super intendent of Education. . ^ j * Ordered, That the said Report be printed in pamphlet form under th« Wn"**^^^ the Standing Committee on Printing ; and that a sufficient number of f J^'<^;^°°$,,"J,^" J^^ be also printed, so as to furnish a copy to each Municipal Council Local School Superintendent, CouX Wd of Public Instruction, and School Corporation, in Upper Canada. rw« ?//.« 1851 The Honourable James Harvey Price, one of Her Majesty's Executive rouSSelenS pursuant t^an Address to His Excellency the Governor General, a Return t'Ja^rAdd'rJJl'rLiTslS^^^^ Assembly to His f -"ri^.te ttTuTe "^aTop^tS the SOth instant, praying His Excellency to cause to be ^^'f ^^'^J^^^''^\l^''ll^l^''^\ Report, or Reports, of the Commissioners, who were appointed to Inquire mto the Attairs King's College, (now the University of Toronto,) and Upper Canada College.* The Order of the Day for the second Reading of the Bill to amend the Charter of the Uni- versity of Toronto, being read ; it was,— Ordered, That the said Order be discharged, and that the Bill be withdrawn .t Aumist Ut, 1851. Mr. Thomas H. Johnson, from the Committee of Supply, reported severelXsolSions ; among which were the following, relating to Education :- Resolved That a Sum not exceeding One Thousand one hundred and eleven PO"nd8 two sMmiAlo%^^ 2. 2), Currency, be granted to Her Majesty, as an aid to Upper Canada College, Toronto, for the year 1851. Resolved, That a Sum, not exceeding Five Hundred pounds, (£500.) currency, be granted to Her Majerty, as an aid to Victoria College, Cobourg, for the year A. Resolved, That a Sum, not exceeding Five Hundred pounds, t K)_) currency, be granted to Her Majesty, as an aid to Queen's College, Kmgston, for the year 1851. Resolved, That a Sum, not exceeding Five Hundred pounds, (£500 ) currency, be granted to Her Majesty as an aid to Regiopolis College, Kmgston, for the year 1851. Resolved, That a Sum, not exceeding One Thousand pounds, currency, be granted to Her MajeSor'the Toronto Academy, one half to be paid in 1851, and (he other half in 1852. Auaust 2nd 1851. Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie moved, seconded by Doctor Harmannus ' Smith ind thfouest on be ng put, That the Return relative to the Inquiry and the Affairs of l?n«'s CoUeae and Upper Canada College, which was presented on Thursday last be printed Soctevo form, for the use of the Member of this House, under the direction of the Standing Committee oTprinting ; the House divided : and the names bemg called for, they were taken doZ^^Uie resuT S as follows : Yeas 33 ; Nays 6 ; So it was resolved in the affirmative. The Honourable James Harvey Price, one of Her Majesty's Executive po"n°il' P'^*^®"^^' pursuiit to an Address to His Excellency the Governor General '^J^^^.^^^.'^^^Zlm bnlmflxiTn^^rc^L"^^^^^^^^^^ . Portions of thU Report (of public intereet) will befound on pages l-60and m.204 of theEighth Volume, and on pages 141.145 cJtWs Volume of the Documentary History of Education in Upper Canada. t ThVs s the University Bill, which was introduced into the House of Assembly, on the 6th of June. 18B1. by the Hon- ourable Henry Sherwood of Toronto ; see page 221 of this Chapter. J These sections of the Aot are printed on pages 162. 153 of the Eighth Volume of th.s Documentary History. Chap. XXI. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 237 property and eflecta, and generally of the fiscal, or financial, affaire of the said University, Upper Canada College and Royal Grammar School, since they were established, upon principles : "to conciliate the confidence and ensure the support of all classes and Denominations of Her Majesty's subjects ; " also, copies of the Annual Reports made by the Principal of Upper Canada College and the R^yal Grammar School, shewing their condition and progress, under authority of Section Fifty-five of the said Act,* or such of the said copies of Reports, as may have been received by the Government. Ordered, That the said Return be printed for the use of the Members of this House. August 6th, 1851. The Honourable Francis Hincks, one of Her Majesty's Executive Council, presented, pursuant to an Address to His Excellency the Governor General, the following Returns to an Address from the Legislative Assembly tc His Excellency the Governor General, dated 26th June last, praying His Excellency to cause to be laid before the House, a Return shewing the annual sum payable, under the provisions of the Act 13 and 14 Victoria, Chapter 68, for interest on account of all Debentures issued on account of . . . the Normal Model Schools (and the Education Officen) at Toronto, now outstanding. August 7th, 1851. A Message from the Legislative Council, by John Jennings Taylor, Esquire, one of the Masters in Chancery, was read, as follows : — Mb. Speakek, The Legislative Council have passed a Bill, intituled : " An Act to Define and Restore certain Rights to parties therein Mentioned," to which they desire the concurrence of this House, t Toronto, 7th August, 1851, Rkn6 E. Cakon, Speaker. August 8th, 1851. Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie moved, seconded by Mr. James Smith, a. i the Question being put. That the Return relative to King's College and Upper Canada College, which was presented to the House on the Thirty-first of July last, be printed in English only for the Journals of the House, and also in octavo form, as ordered by the House on the 2nd instant ; the House divided : and the names being called for, they were taken down, and the result was as follows : Yeas 11 ; Nays 39 ; So it passed in the negative. August 13th, 1851. The Order of the Day for the House in Committee on the engrossed Bill from the Legislative Council, intituled : " An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine," being read ; the House accordingly resolved itself into the said Committee Mr. John P. Crysler took the chair of the Committee ; and alter some time spent therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the Chair ; and Mr. Crysler renorted That the Committee had gone through the Bill and made amendments therbunto. Ordered, That the Report be now received, and that the Bill be read the third time to- morrow. August 14th, 1851. An engrossed Bill from the Legislative Council, intituled : "An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine," was, according to Order, read the third time. Resolved, That the Bill, with the amendments, do pass and that the Honourable Henry John Boulton, do carry back the Bill to the Legislative Council, and acquaint their Honours that this House has passed the same, with several amendments, to which they desire their concur- rence. Ordered, That Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie have leave to bring in a Bill to amend the Nineteenth Section of the School Act of 1850 : 13 and 14, Victoria, for the Better Establishment of Schools in Upper Canada. He accordingly presented the said Bill to the House, and the same was received and read for the first time ; and ordered to be read a second time on Monday next. A copy of this Bill is as follows : — Bill : An Act to repeal the Nineteenth SEcriON of the Act for the Better Estab- lishment OF Common Schools in Upper Canada. Whereas the establishment of Sectarian, or Separate, Public Schools, upheld by Preamble, periodical grants of money from the Provincial Treasury, and placed under the control of the Executive Government, through its Superintendents of Education, and other Civil Officers, is a dangerous interference with the Common School System of Upper Canada, and, if allowed to Protestants and Roman Catholics, cannot reasonably be re- fused to Episcopalians, Presbyterians, Quakers, Tunkers, Baptists, Independents and other Religious Denominations ; and * Ibid, page 161. t The title of tliis Bill is, as here given, ambiguous. The Bill was passed to amend the Nineteenth Section of the Common School Act of 1850, which Section provided for the establishment of Separate Schools, which, by the Cameron Common School Act of 1849, was not permitted. This Bill provided, that Separate Schools for Roman Catholic children could be established " in each Ward of a City, or Town, or m two or more VV.ards united," etcetera. For the immediate cause of the passage of this Bill, See note to the proceedings of the House of Assembly of August 20th, 1851. 238 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1861 kfl' s I s I Whkrkas, if it is just that any number of Religions Sects, should have Separate Public Schools, it is not less reasonable that they should also have Separate Grammar Schools, Colleges, and Professorships in the Universities ; and,— Whereas it is unjust for the State to tax Protestants, in order to provide for the instruction of children in Roman Catholic doctrines, or to tax Roman Catholics for the Religious Education of youth in principles adverse to those of the Church ^^ Ron>e ! and as the early separation of children at School, on account of the creeds of their parents, or guardians, would rear nurseries of strife and dissension, and cause thousands to KTOW up in comparative ignorance, who might, under our Common School System, obtain the advantages of a moral, intellectual, literary and scientific Education ; and,— WHEKKA8 the repeal of the Nineteenth Section of the Upper Canada Common School Act, passed in 1850, would discourage sectarian education, and be productive of peace, harmony, and good will in neighborhoods ; "ectioniooftha Be it therefore enacted, . . . That the Nineteenth Section of an Act mssed by the Common School Parliament of this Province, in the Session thereof held in the Thirteenth and tour- Act of 1850 , tij Years of Her Majesty's Reign and intituled : " An Act for the Better Estab- '^•"''""^- ishment and Maintenance of tlommon Schools in Upper Canada," be, and the same ,9 hereby repealed. Avqnst 16th, 1851. The Order of the Day for the House in Committee op the engrossed Billfromthe Legislative Council, intituled: '• An Act to Incorporate the BurlinRton Udies Academy," being r«id, the House accordingly resolved itself into the said Committee, and Mr. David M. Armstrong took the chair of the Committee ; and after some time srenc therein, Mr. Speaker resumeti the Chair ; and Mr. Armstrong reported That the Committee had gone through the Bill, and made amendments thereunto. Ordered, That the Report be now received. Mr. Armstrong reported the Bill accordingly; and the amendment was read, as foUoweth:— Press 2, line 13. After " provided ", insert Clause (A,) as follows . - "And be it eiuicted, That it shall be the duty of the said Corporation, a> .times, when the v may be called upon to do so by the (Governor of this Province, to render an Acc^.unt, in writing, ot their \?opertv and affairs, in which shall be set forth in particular the income by them derived from property heinnder this Act, and the means by which the same has been acc^uired ; also, the number of Members of the said Corporation, the number of Teachers employed in the various branches of instiuction, the number of scholars under instruction, and the course of instruction pursued. The said Amendment being read a second time was agreed to, and it was,— Ordered, That the Bill be read a third time on Monday next. A Message from the Legislative Council, by John Fennings Taylor, Esquire, one of the Masters in Chancery was read, as follows :— ^^' ThrSslative Council have agreed to the Amendments made by this House to the Bill, intituled " An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine," without any amendment. Toronto, August 16th, 1851. Rbn6 E. Oaron, Speaker. Awiust 2Ut, 1851. The Order of the Day for the third reading of the engrossed Bill from the Legislative Council, intituled : " An Act to Incorporate the Burlington Ladies Academy being read ; it was ordered, That the Bill be read the third time on Monday next. Auaust25th, 1851.— The Order of the Day for the House in Committee on the Bill to repeal the provision Limiting the Distance between the County Town and any additional Gram. Zr School in the same County, in Upper Canada, being read ; the ?«»«« accordingly resolved iteelf into the said Committee. Mr. WUliam Notman took the chair of the Committee ; and after some time spent therein. Mr. Speaker resumed the Chair ; and »?>■. N-'t^fn '^epo^ted That the Committee had gone through the Bill, and made an amendment thereunto. It was, therefore, ordered that the Report be now received. Mr. Notman reported th«B,ll accordingly ; and the amendment was read, and agreed to It was tnen ordered that the Bill, with the amendment, be engrossed, and read the third time to-morrow. August 27th, 1851.— On motion of Mr. Robert Christie, seconded by Mr. John Prince, \\) WftS Resolved, That an humble Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General, -en-""nt;n" *^^ H« ExcoHwicv that a favourable opportunity offering for obtaining from the pibii7ArchiveB of Great Britain, France, and other places i" Europe such DocuiuentB relatuig to the early Colonial History of Canada as may be wanting to complete the series of Records aJreaSv obtained on the sSject, this House, therefore prays that .H« Excellency ^^^^^^ pleased to take such measures as he may deem expedient to procure copies of all such Documents Sn this subiect, as may be selected by the Agent, who is to be sent to Europe for the purpose ofpuichasiiig Books for the reconstruction of the Parliamentary Library ; and assuring His \ Chap. XXI. EDUCATIONAL PUOCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 239 oUoweth : — Fohn Prince^ the Legislative Council, intituled : "An Act to Incorporate the was, according to Order, read the third time, and it was resolved Excellency that this House will make good such expenses as may be incurred in the furtherance of this important object. Ordered, That the said Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General by such Members of this House as are of the Honourable the Executive Council of this Province. An engro»sed Bill to repeal the provision Limiting the Distance between the County Town and any additional Grammar School in the same County, in Upper Canada, was, according to Order, read the third time, and it was resolved that the Bill do pass, and that Mr. James Smith do carry the Bill to the Legislative Council, and desire their concurrence. An enftrossed Bill from Burlington Ladies' Academy, that the Bill, with the Amendment, do pass. It was then ordered that the Honourable William Badgley do carry back the Bill to the Legislative Council, and acquaint their Honours that this House hath passed the same, with an Amendment, to which they desire the concurrence of their Honours. A Message from the legislative Council, by John Fennings Taylor, Esquire, ono of the Masters in Chancery, was read, as follows : — Mr. Speaker, The Legislative Council have agreed to the Amendment made by the House to the Bill, intituled • " An Act to Incorporate the Burlington Ladies' Academy," without any amendment. Toronto, 27th April, 1851. Rbn6 E. Caron, Speaker. Auiinst 28th, 1851. A Mesnage from the Legislative Council, by John Fennings Taylor, Esquire, one of the Masters in Chancery, was read, as follows : — Mr. Speaker, Tho Legislative Council have passed the following Bill, without Amendment, namely :— A Bill, intituled : " An Act to repeal the provision Limiting the Distance between the County Town and any additional Grammar School, in the same County, in Upper Canada." Toronto, 28th August. 1861. Ren^ E. Cakon, Speaker. AuguM 29th, 1851. The Order of the Day for the second reading of the engrossed Bill from the Legislative Council, intituled : "An Act to Define and Restore certain Rights to Parties herein mentioned," being read, the Honourable Francis Hincks moved, seconded by Mr. Joseph C. Tach^, and the (juestion being proposed, that the Bill be now read a second time ; Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie moved in amendment to the question, seconded by Mr. John Wilson that the word "now" be left out, and the words : 'this day six months" added at the end thereof ; and the question being put on the amendment, the House divided with the following result : Yeas 4 ; Nays 24 ; so it passed in the negative. Then the main motion being put it was resolved in the affirmative, and the Bill was accordingly read a second time. The Honourable Francis Hincl<8 moved, seconded by Mr. Louis T. Drummond, and the question being proposed that the Bill be now read the third time, and the Rules of the House be suspended as regards the same ; Mr. William Lyon Mackenzie moved, in amendment to the question, seconded by Mr. Jamos Smith, that all the words after "that," to the end of the question be left out in order to add the words : "alltheworls after "Whereas," in the [Bill introduced into the House of Assembly by the mover, on the 14th of this month of August, as an amendment to the Nineteenth Section of the Common School Act of 1850.] (See page ). And the question being put on the amendment, the House divided— the Yeas and Nays being as follows : Yeas 5 ; Nays 26 ; so it passed in the negative. Then the main motion having been put, it was resolved in the affirmative. The Bill was, accordingly, read the third time. The Honourable Francis Hincks moved, seconded by Mr. Louis T. Drummond, and the question being put, that the Bill do pass ; the House divided with the following result ; Yeas 26 ; Nays 7 ; so it was resolved in the affirmative. Ordered, That the Honourable Francis Hincks do carry back the Bill to the Legislative Council, and acquaint their Honours that this House hath passed the same witho't any amendment. Causes which led to the passing of this Remkdial Act. A difficulty occurred, in 1851, in regard to the operation of the Nine- teen Section of the School Act of 1850, which necessitated the interfeience of the Chief Superintendent of Education in favour of the Roman Catholic Separate k-. i 240 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. «. 'i^ ,"? '■n \ * 1 V < « fi School Trustees of the City of Toronto. In a letter to the Honourable George Brown, in 1858, Doctor Ryerson thus states the nature of that difficulty, and the remedy for it, as follows : — " In the latter part of 1860, certain Roman Catholics applied for a second Separate School in the City of Toronto. The Board of School Trustees rejected their application, upon the ground that the Nineteenth Section of the School Act of 1860 did not require them to permit the establishment of more than one Separate School in the City. The applicants appealed to the Court of Queen's Bench, to compel the Board of School Trustees to ^rant their ree and of the Bishops in regard to separate education in Ireland have prompted this change. The decision of the Judges affords them due protection. ..." Chap. XXI. BDUCATIONAL PBr#-EEDIN(i.S OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 241 vs that it was Whm *W. kept, thi.s feelinfr of suspicion and unrest, on the part of the Oi*oHc authoriticN, alive, was the constant efforts of prominent members of the House of Assembly, from 1851 to 1«56, to repeal the Nineteenth Section of the School Act of 1^50. Generally, these gentlemen contented themselves with the introduction of a brief Bill, simply declaring that— " The Nineteenth Section of the School Act of 1850 shall be, and is hereby, repealed." Mr. Mackenzie, however, in his Bill of August, 1851, gives his reasons for doing so, in the preamble, as will be seen by referring to it on page 237 of this Chapter. Mr. Mackenzie moved this Bill as an amendment to the Remedial Act of 1851. His amendment was rejected by a vote of 26 to 5, and the Bill was finally passed by the House of Assembly by a vote of 25 to 7. See page 239 of this Chapter.* ., . Note. The foregoing ia taken from pages 53-56 of the " Legislation and History of Separate u wn-" ^S^?' *'J1«'!? ^l?"^ ^^^ ^^ 1^7*^' ^y- J- CJeorge Hodgius, M.A. LL.D. Published by William Bnggs, 29-33 Richmond Street West, Toronto* 1897 ^-uoiisnea Educational Proceedings of the Legislative Council of Canada, 1851. Note. For reference to the proceedings at the opening of this Session of the Parliament cf Canada, on the 20th of May, see page 221 of this Chapter. May 22nd, 1851 The Honourable Mr. Speaker. Ren^ E. Caron. presented a Petition from the Municipal Council of the United Countiys of Stormont, Dundas. and Glengarry prayinc for certain amendments to the Upper Canada Common School Act of last Session. ' *^ ^ » May 26th, 1851. The Honourable John Ross presented a Petition from Doctor Alexander Burnside and others, Members of the Uiuted Church of England and Ireland, in the Diocese of Toronto ; praying to be incorjiorated under the name anci 'ityle of Trinity College. The Order of the Day being read for moving the House, that an humble Address be pre- sented to His Excellency the Governor General, praying that His Excellency will be pleased to be caused to lay before this House a copy of the Charter applied for to Her Majesty's Prin- cipal Secietarj of State for the Colonies, by the Right Reverend and Honourable the Bishop of roronto, for a College, or University, for the exclusive use of Members of the Church of EnK- land in Upper Canada, together with a copy of the Petition, and of the Correspondence which accompanied and has reference to the same,— it was Ordered, That it bo discharged, and that the said Motion do stand upon the Orders of the Day for Monday next. June 2nd. 1851.— The Honourable Doctor Christopher Widmer presented a Petition 'rom Doctor John Rolph and others. Licentiates in Medicine, praying that the Toronto School of Medicine may be incorporated. ^^^13,^""°"™*^^® etienne P. Tache presented two Petitions from the Right Reverend Joseph E Guigues, Roman Catholic Bishop of Bytown and others, inhabitants of Eytown aforesaid, praying f . r pecuniary aid for the College of that name Pursuant to notice, it was moved that an humble Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General, praying that His Excellency will be pleased to cause to be laid before this House a Copy of the Charter applied for by the Right Reverend and Honourable the Bishop of Toronto, for a University, or College, for the Members of the Church of England, together with a copy of the Petition accompanying the same, and of the Correspondence relating thereto. It was then moved, in amendment, that after "thereto," at the end of the original Motion, there be added, "also, the Charter, as amended by certain of the Clergy and Laity of the Diocese of Toronto, and annroved bv the Tjord Binhon " The question of concurrence being put thereon, the same was agreed to by the House. The question being then put on the main Motion, (as amended,) it was resolved in the afhrinative, and ordered accordingly. It was farther, — •Several Papers on the Separate School Questioii will be found in a subsequent Chapter of this Volume 16 D.E. 242 DOCUMENTARY HISTOUY OP EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1861 !«' Ordered That such Momberi of the Executive Council aa are Moinbew of thii HouM. do wait OP Hi8 Excellency the Governor General with the Baid Addrean. Ordered That the Petition from Doctor Alexander Burntide and others Members of the UnitS Church o* England and Ireland, in the l)ioce.e of Toronto, (presented to th,. House on the 26th of May last.) pr.yi.ig to be incorporated under the name and style of Trinity College,'' be now read! which said Petition w« read l.y the Clerk accordingly. The Honourable Alexander Frase. presented a Petition from the »;""'3' f """J'/^^L the United Counties of Stormont. Dunda« and Glengarry, praying for certa-u amendments to the Common School Act of 1860. . „ />, a Tun, Ath mi —The Honourable Samuel Mills presented a Petition from Mr. Georae S. Tiffan;rnrothet,'pr;ying that an Act may be passel to Incorporate the Burlington AcJemy under aid by the name of •• The Burlington Ladies Academy. . „• . , Inn, 6th 1851 -The Honour^blP James Gordon undented a Petition from the Kight Revei^^nd Doctor StrachanEHsh of Toronto, on beUh of the Clergy and Laity o the rS of Sand and Jrdand in the Diocese of Toronto, m Conference assembled at the V^iSion oFhU Lordsh p holden oa the first and second days of May, prayin« for the estab^ h^hm^Tof Se^vs^te Common School., for the use of the ( hildren of the Members of the Church of England.* , . u t^ n „„„ The Honourable James Leslie, Secretary of the Province, by command of His Exc«l/«n°y ^nd Honourable Doctor Strachan, Bishop of Toronto, for a University, or College, for Members A"chuTch of Englanl. together w.th a copy of the Petition accon.panying the same and of the C..rre7pondence%elating^hereto ; also the Charter as amended by certain of the Clergy and Laity of th ■ Diocese of Toronto, and approved by the Lord Bishop, t , Ordered That the Petition presented to this House on the fourth day of June, instant ' from Mr George S. Tiffany and others, praying that an Act may be passed Incorporating the Buriington Ladles' Academy, be referred to a Select Committee of three Members. JuM 9th. mi.-The Honourable Etienne P. Taoh6 presented to the Houiie a Bill, intituled : "An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine. The said Bill was read for the first time, and it was,— Ordered That the said Bill be read the second time on Thursday, the Nineteenth day of June, instant. . . ^. . t> i-i- It was moved that Three Hundred Copies be printed in English, of the Charter, P«fc»tion Zcolon£ra» communicated to this House by Message from His Excellency the Governor In amendment it was moved, that after the word " General," to insert the words " and aJfO; Three Hundred Copies of the original Charter, as amended by certain of the Clergy and Laity of the Church of England and approved by the Bishop. .,,:,„. In amendment to this amendment, it was moved, that after the word " I^n£and to insert the wordT: " to be printed separately ; " Which being objected to ; and, after debate, •The Kesolution of_the Church of England Synod of the D'.ocese of Toronto, on which the foregoing Petition was Connnon Schools be «J|P"«d ^o t».e malnt^^^^^ e J^°ower1d to draft the Petition. "-Seesion of 1S51 v.a«e 12 practicable and desired; »"•* *»f^''|^* V°™'S^^^^^^^ Kngland then in Canada adopted a ' Declaration " of ^,irX^7oi"m^rT^l:V^t:^^''^^^i^^^^^^ I>ecfaration was the following relatmg to Education ''"Ce;:as systems of education are -n^ jene^.ly introduc^^^^ religious education altogether from "•'• ^-^^^oU or (2) reoogm^^^^ in the special doctrines testlnts ; whereby no opportunity Is afforded us of brmgmg "P. '.^^ ''■^J Ses and with crying injusticVto the Church ' and duties of our faith, to the manifest .^eP™;''""" ions 1 Tha^auTuSn for the Members of oir Church should be of England, we desire. to express pur decided^oonvicwons-l.jjia^^^^^^ ^^^^.^, reference to their duties and- St^^ Tfy^^^ 5FS:|;i^uae It waa then,— ' *■ xu ^f':^'^^ That th. said Rei)ort be received, and the same was read by the <:ierk and the said Report was ftvlopted. The Honourable Samuel Mills then presented to the House a Bill, intituled "An \ot tu incOTporate the Burlington Ladies' Academy." The said Bill was read for the first time, and Ordered, that the said Bill be r«ad the second time on Monday next. «# ./''^■^/^■"['■I^f'i- .i^l^^\^^' '^•'1'^ ^^^ ^^'■'^" "'"^^ "" ^^^ Ninth instant, for a second reading !L I . ill '"^'.^"D^,i V ^" ^°' ^ Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine," be discharged; and that the said Bill do stand for a second reading on th^ Orders of the Day for Friday next! ir,u 7^^ Honourable John Ross presented a Petition from Mr. Michael Brennan and others! inhabitants of Beheville. praying that the Commo', School Act of Upper Canada luav be «o amended, as to allow of the establishment of 'jerau;8 fchools for the children of Roman Catholics ;* also, two Petitions fmm the Unive ..ity of i^u.en's College at Kingston, prayina for a grant of money towards the support of the ai: n tJis a^^^^^^ subject was brought under the deliberate <5onsideration t *!» V^TnvoSn of the Clergy, and L»ity of the United Church of England and Ireland, rfn thSro^^e] r^^^^ Toronto, a speedy and satis- factory resuVt would at oJice ensue, in so far as the Said Church is concerned. i A *v,„ »aj^ RaQnliifinnii beinff read bv the Clerk, it was moved to adopt the first paragraph thereof In rmellirentn^^rveTto substitute the following Address to the Queen.instead of the foregoing Resolutions : — To Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen : « , • We Your Majesty's Dutiful and Loyal Subjects, the Legislative Council of Canada m ProvSalParSent assembled, humbly beg leave to represent to your Majesty that tho t-rovinciai rarimiuei Endand in the Diocese of Toronto have taken measures for erecting a cSS m connS wi h t h^J Chu^^^^ which is intended to be supported wholly by voluntary '-oilege in connection wu, ^^ educated, in accordance with ?Sf dtS' o? ti^ir ReU^^^^^ the ^Legislat ure, during the present ?«lionfSL Act of Incorporation, in order that they may more conveniently manage the ?Z,rof the Institution aK has been represented to us, that they also desire to obtain from Y^rMaiesVaXyTcC^^^^^ Religious Denominations m Canada, with power to confer Degrees in th. Arts and Sciences. We nrav that Your Majestr may bo graciously pleased to favour thh applicaUpn^^^^^ bo US necessary to the quiet contentment of a iai,. Doay or lour iriiijeaty = .mth.-a. '•"|>)-"' and wTbHSv granting to them what has been freely conceded, without any opposition, or 'omptiiit, on iL'part o^^^^^ of the Church of England, but with fl.eir ready concurrence, to other Religious Communities in Canada -T^iii^^^^^^ii^^i^i^;^^^^^:^ 1861, BO far aTIvailable. will belneerted in a «ubBenu*n'. Chapter of this Volume. Note on page . See 1851 ^ct to Inoor- )ut, whether command of elurn to the cause to be nd Honour- nbers of the , and of the 5 Clergy and otioe, that it> (lor General, 3d for by the J of State for ted with the. nee, and an incl Charter ; s so ab'y ex- 'oronto upon I expresses its rth, and the the intended ?, this House Government ity, by grant- xpediency of era of such a nidously as it ' extended to opinion they h, as well as y for the pur- thb exclusive ,e Visitatorial clearly points exposition of consideration I and Ireland, dy and satis- irst paragraph Queen, instead of Canada, in esty, that the es for erecting Y by voluntary icordance with g the present ly manage the to obtain from Lominations in in.as it appears bbfal Bab}ccta, opposition, or y concurrence, this Voiume, See Chap. XXI. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEGISLATURE OF CANADA. 245 Which being objected to, after a long debate. The question of concurrence was put thereon, and the same was resolved in the negative. The question being then put on the main motion, it was resolved in the affirmative. It was then moved to adopt the second paragraph of the said Resolutions. In amendment, it was moved to expunge the whole of the Resolution after the word " Charter," at the end of the first paragraph, and to insert in lieu thereof the words following : — "and that thiR House fully acquiesces in the view which His Excellency the Governor General, in concurrence with the Imperial Government, has adopted respecting the powers and privileges, which, under existing circumstances, it is expedient to concede to Trinity College, Toronto, and which are also limited by the Petition lately presented to this House on behalf of the said College, to a grant of the usual facilities for managing its property and affairs," Which being objected to, after debate. The ques'ion of concurrence was put thereon, and the same was resolved in the negative. It was then moved that, after the word " that," in the seventh line, the remainder of the second paragraph be expunged, and the following words inserted in lieu thereof :— '■ means may be dnvised to satisfy the just demands of the Church of England [in Canada], without sanction- ing a principle which would enable each Denominaoion of Christians in the Province to obtain a Royal Charter for an exclusive University, having power to confer degrees in the Arts and Sciences. Which being also objected to, after debate. The question of concurrence was put thereon, and the same was resolved in the affirmative. The question being then put on the main motion, (as amended,) it was resolved in the affirmative. It was then moved to adopt the third paragraph of the said Resolution. In amend- ment it was moved in line five, to leave out the word " National," and insert, in lieu thereof, •'Provincial," and after ■* University," and to leave out the remainder of the paragraph. Which being objected to, The question of concurrence was puu thereon, and the same was resolved in the affirmative. The question being then put on the main motion, (as amended,) it was resolved in t he affirmative. It was then moved to adopt the fourth paragraph of the said Resolution. Which being objected to, the question of concurrence was put thereon, and the same was resolved in the affirmative. It was then, — Ordered, That the Honourable Messieurs Peter Boyle de Blaqui^re, Adam Fergusson, George J. Goodhue and James Ferrier be appointed a Committee to draft an Address, founded on the foregoing Resolutions, (as amended.) July 9th, 1851. — The Honourable Peter Boyle de Blaqui^re, from the Select Committee appointed to draft an Address to His Excellency the Governor General, founded on the Resolu- tions adopted yesterday, on the subject of a University for the sole use of Members of the Church of Eugland, reported an Address prepared by them as follows : — To Hn Excellency the Rioht Honourable The Eael of Elgin and Kincardine, Governor General of British North America. We, Her Majesty's dutiful and loyal Subjects, ♦■he Lejjislative Council of the Province of Canada, in Parliament assembled, humbly beg leave to thank your Excellency for having com- municated to this House the Charter applied for by the Right Reverend and Honourable John Strachan, Bishop of Toronto, to Her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies, for the sole use of the Church of England in this Province, together with the Correspondence connected therewith ; as also for ths subsequent Correspondence and an amended Charter applied for bj the Bishop of Toronto on withdrawing the original Charter. 2. And we beg leave to assure Your Excellency, that this House fully and entirely con- curs in the comprehensive views so ably expressed by Your Excellency in your Letters to Earl Grey, Colonial Secretary, and to the Bishop of Toronto, upon the various and important matten connected therewith. And, whilst this House expresses its readiness to co-operate in carrying oiit the views of Your Execellency, thus set forth, and the reasonable requirejnents of the Bishop of Toronto to obtain corporate powers for the intended College, so as to enable it to hold property and become, in other respects, effective, this House feels called upon, at the same time, to express its earnest hope, that means may be devised to satisfy the just demands of the CI\urch of England, without sanctioning a principle which would enable each Denomination of Chribtitns in the Province to obtain a Royal Charter for an exclusive University, having power to confer DeTees in the Arts and Sciences.'* 3. And this House is further desirous of assuring Your Excellency, as anxiously as it wishes to see every beneht and privilege enjoyed by other Denominations fully extended to the Mem- bers of the rJnited Church of England and I' oland in this Province, it is of opinion that they * Nevertheless the usuol practice had been to grant these Charters in Upper Canada, and in Ontario, as a matter of course. 'i fill 246 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 would, as far as Academic Education is concerned, be best secured for this Church, as well a» for all others, by their becoming aflSliated with the Provincial University.* 4, And this House desires to express its confident hope, that, if the luminous exposition of Your Excellency upon this all important subject, was brought under the deliberate considera- tion of a free Convocation of the Clergy and Laity of the Xlnited Church of. England and Ire- land [in this Province], as proposed to be assembled by the Bishop of Toronto, a speedy and satisfactory result would, at once, ensue, in so far as the Church is concerned. Which said Address being read by the Clerk, it was moved to adopt the same. Which being obiected to, the question of concurrence was put thereon, and the same was resolved in the affirmative. Dissentient : First. Because we do not think that the views of the Goverment, as expressed in the printed Correspondence referred to in the proposed Address, are such as can be expected to appear just and satisfactory to the Members of the Church of England in this Province, who are a numerous and respectable class of our fellow subjects. Second. Because we cannot join in characterizing as comprehensive and able, what we believe must be looked upon generally as illiberal, short-sighted and. unjust. Third. Because we belie re, that, when the British Government first sanctioned the making a large Reservation of Land in Upper Canada to form an endowment for a University, they con- templated no other description of University than one in which Religious Instruction should be given, and Degrees in Divinity conferred, in accordance with the Doctrines of the National Church, (of England), there having been no University ever founded by the Crown up to that time on any other principle, and the University of King's College in New Brunswick having been just before founded by Royal Charter, and, as a matter of course, on the same principle.! Fourth. That when, after many years of agitation by the Members of other Religious \ Communities combined, the Charter of King's College was (in 1849,) destroyed, and its Endow- ment taken from it and applied to the foundation of another College,— from which all instruc- tion in the Doctrines of the Church of England is excluded,— it seems extremely oppressive and ungenerous to deny to the Members of the Church of England the same right which the Crown and Colonial Government and Legislature freely conceded to other Religious Communities, of applying their own funds, to the support of a College, in which their youth may obtain Degrees in the Arts and Sciences, and, at the same time, be instructed in the Doctrines of their Reli- gion. Fifth. Because further, the Members of the Church of England have never shown so illiberal a spirit towards other Religious Denominations, but have always cheerfully united in the Legislature in conferring such privileges upon them, and have offered no opposition in any other manner to so reasonable a wish. Sixth. Because, when Members of the Church of England see efforts made to induce their Sovereign to place them on grounds more disadvantageous than that of other portions of the population, they will unavoidably be under the impression that, either from inattention to their claim to equal justice, or from some cause, even more censurable, their Government is lending itself to a design to injure and oppress them, and that discontent may be thus engendered, which it should be the object of the Government to prevent, or remove. Seventh. Because the Correspondence, to which reference has been made in the Address, appears to us to be intended to elicit from Her Majesty a decision unfavourable to the Church of England, [in Canada], on very unfair grounds, by insinuating that the Government of this Province has the means of indirectly compelling thv iVIembers of other Religious Communities to surrender their College Charters, because, witnout public aid, they are unable to miintain their Colleges, and that, if that is done, the Government can then, with ler difficulty, refuse to Charter a Church of England College, but that, if a Charter be, in the meantime, granted to the Members of the Church of England, then their negotiations with the other Religious Bodies may be defeated, and the monopoly of Education, which the Government desires to secure to a University, in which the Doctrines of no Church whatever are inculcated, will be firmly established. Eighth. Because there is, in their opinion, no ground for the confident hope which this House has expressed, that, if the matter in question " were brought under the consideration of a free Convocation of the GUray and Laity of the United Church of Enaland and Ireland in this Province," a decision hostile to" the wishes and claims of the friends of the University connected with that Church would be the result ; on the contrary, the only eviden ce which exists should * It l8 now, (in 1902), proposed by the present Authorities of the College which the Bishop founded in 1851 to affiliate it '''*^ For^the'''Scula«' induce their jortions of the sntion to their lent is lending IS engendered, 1 the Address, to the Church rnment of this ommunities to miintain their ilty, refuse to granted to the iligious Bodies to secure to a will be firmly ope which this 3nsideration of Ireland in this rsity connected L exists should n 1851 to affiliate it unewicli, See pages Chap. XXI. EDUCATIONAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE LEOISLATURE OF CANADA. 247 make a directly opposite impression ; for, in regard to the first, — that is, the Clergy, — out of one hundred and fifty, it is known that one hundred and thirty Members of that Body attended on the occasion of laying the Foundation Stone of Trinity College, thus giving to its inauguration their presence and approval ; and, in respect to the second, — that is the Laij^i — they hnve not only not petitioned this House against the Institution which the Bishop of Toronto has sought to establish, but they have publicly declared in a free assembly that Religion ought to be insepar- able from Secular Education Ninth. Because we believe that a policy founded on such principles can never be long up- held in a free Country. Georok S. Bculton. Legislative Council, Jamks Qokdon. Toronto, 9th July, 1851. John Macaulay. Ordered, That the foregoing Address to Her Majesty the Queen be engrossed, and signed by the Speaker on behalf of this House. It is further, — Ordered, That the said Addi-ess be presented to His Excellency by such Members of the Executive Council who are Members of this House. July 11th, 1851. The Honourable James Leslie, Provincial Secretary, reported that ho had, according to order, waited on His Excellency the Governor General with the Address of this House of Wednesday last, to Her Majecty the Queen, on the suoject of a University for the sole use of Members of the Church of England, [in Canada], and that His Excellency had been pleased to receive the same graciously. The Honourable John Macaulay presented a Petition from the Trustees of the Midland District School Society, Kingston, praying for pecuniary aid in support of the said Society. July 16th, 1851. A A7 ssage was brought from the Legislative Assembly by the Honourable William Badgley and others, with a Bill intituled : " An Act to Incorporate Trinity College," to which they desire the concurrence of this House. The said Bill was read for the urst time, and it was ordered, that the said Bill be read the second time to-morrow. July 17 th, 1851. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the Bill intituled : "An Act to In- corporate Trinity College," uas read a second time, and it was ord that the said Bill be read a third time to-morrow. July 18th, 1851. Pursuant to the Order of the Day, the Bill intituled, " An Act to In- corporate Trinity College, " was read a third time. The question was put, whether this Bill shall pass '\ It was resilved in the affirmative, and it was, — Ordered, That one of the Masters in Chancery do go down to the Legislative Assembly, and acquaint that House, that the Legislative Council have passed this Bill without any amendment. August 2nd, 1851. The Speaker commanded the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod to let the Assembly know ** it is His Excellency's pleasure they attend him immediately in this House." The Members of the House of Assembly being come with their Speaker, the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery read the Title of a Bill which Bill was assented to in Her Majesty's name by His Excellency the Governor General, as follows : — " An Ace to Incorporate Trinity College." August 15th, 1851. A Mesi-age was brought from the Legislative Assembly by the Honour- able Henry John Bou ton and others, to return the Bill intituled : "An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine," and to acquaint this House that they have passed the same, with several amendments, to which they desire the concurrence of the Legislative Council. August 27th, 1851. A Message was brought from the Legislative Assembly by Mr. James Smith, and othprs, with a Bill intituled : " An Act to Repeal the provision Limiting the Dis- tance between the County Town and any additional Grammi^r School in the same County in Upper Canada," to which they desire the concurrence of this House. The said Bill was read for the first time, and it was ordered that the said Bill be read the second time presently. A Message was brought from the Legislative Assembly by the Honourable William Badgley and others, to return the Bill intituled : " An Act to Incorporate the Burlington Ladies' Academy," and to acquaint this House that they have passed the said Bill, with an amendment, to which they desire the concurrence of the Legislative Council. Which said amendment was then read by the Clerk as follows : — Clause ^ : " And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty of the said Corporation, at all times, when they may be called upon so to do by the Governor of this Province, to render an account, in writing, of their property and affairs, in which shall be set forth, in particular, the income by J ^ m 248 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 them derived from property held under this Act, and the means by which the same has been ac- quired ; also, the number cf Members of the said Corporation : the number of Teachers em- ployed in the various braaches of instruction ; the number of Scholors under instruction ; and the course of instruction pursued." The said Amendment being read a second time, and the question of concurrence put thereon, the same was agreed to by the House, and it was ordered, that one of the Masters in Chancery do go down to the Legislative AsBembly, and acquaint that House that the Legislative Council have agreed to their Amendment made to this Bill, without any amendment. Pursuant to Order, the Bill intituled : "An Act to Repeal the provision Limiting the Dis- tance between the County Town, and any additional Gramm«r School in the same County in Upper Canada." was read a second time, and it was referred to a Select Committee or three Members, consisting of the Honourable Messieurs James Crooks, Adam Fergusson and James Morris, to meet and adjourn as they please. August 38th, 1851. The Honourable James Crooks, from the Select Committee to whom was referred the Bill intituled : " An Act to Repeal the provision Limiting the Distance between the County Town and any additional Grammar School in the same County in Upper Canada,' reported, that they had g«me through the said Bill, and had directed him to report the same to the House, without any amendment. It was then Ordered, That the said Bill be now read for the third time. The same was then read a third time accordingly. The question was put, whether this Bill shall pass ? It was resolved in the affirmative. It was further,— Ordered, That one of the Masters in Chancery do go down to the Legislative Assembly, and acquaint that House that the Legislative Council have passed this Bill, without any amendment. Atigmt SOth, 1851.— The Speaker commanded the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, to let the House of Assembly know, that '« It is His Excellency's pleasure that they attend him immedi- ately in this House " The Members of that House being come, with their Speaker, the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery read the titles of the Bills which were severally assented to by His Excel- lency the Governor-General, in Her Majesty's Name, as follows :— An Act to Define and Restore certain xtights to Parties therein mentioned. An Act to Repeal the provision Limiting 'the Distance between the County Town and any additional Grammar School in the same County in Upper Canada. An Act to Incorporate the Toronto School of Medicine. An Act to Incorporate the Burlington Ladies' Academy. His Excellency closed the Session of the Legislature with a Speech from the Throne, in which he made no reference to Educational matters. CHAPTER XXII. I EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE PRO- VINCE OF CANADA IN 1851. 14th AND 16th VICTORIA, CHAPTER XXXII. v An Act to Incorporate Trinity College, Toronto. The Eabl of Elgin and Kinoabdink, Govebnor-Gknkbal. Passed on the 2nd August, 1851. Preamble WHEREAS it has been represented to the Legislature of this Province, that divers inhabitants of the said Province have used their efl'orts to establish a College in connection wicn the v imcu vimifu ui xjuoianv. ^.s-. .,,..„. i--, — ---~ — •'. "" Toronto, under the style and title of Trinity College, and are engaged m erecting and establishing the same ; And Whereas it would tend greatly to advance and extend the usefulness of the said College, and to promote the purpose for which it was established, that it should be incorporated ; 1851 haa been ac- Peachers em- ruction ; and put thereon, in Chancery itive Council iting the Dis- ne County in ttee ot three in and James btee to whom ance between per Canada," t the same to s then read a ) was resolved Assembly, and f amendment. Bk Rod, to let I him immedi- le Clerk of the by His Excel- rown and any he Throne, in THE PRO- ugust, 1851. Province, that blish a College in tlio Pitir of ... J ^ — {ed in erecting lefulnesB of the , that it should Chap. XXII. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE IN 1851. 249 Corporate powers Statutes Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and of the Legislative Assembly imperial Act. of the I'rovmce of Canada, constituted and assembled by virtue of and under the authority of an Act passed in th« Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and intituled : An Act to Re-unite the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada,' and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, r-L ^'t m**** *^*""® '^*'^ ^^' *"** *''®'® *^ hereby constituted and established at the Corporation of City of Toronto, a body politic and corporate, under the name of Trinity Colleire. Trinitv College which Corporation shall consist of— ' •* ' e"'«bi.Bhed ; of t m. whom toconsist. Firstly : The Lord Bishop of Toronto, or, in case of the division of the said Diocese, then the Bishops of any Dioceses into which the Diocese of Toronto may hereafter be divided. Secondly, the Trustees of the said Trinity College ; and, Thirdly, the Collesre Council of the said Trinity College, not less than three in number ; which said Trustees and the Members of the said College Council shall be named in the first instance by the Lord Bishop of Toronto,* and Bhall, in the «vent of their death, removal from the Province, dismissal from office, or resigna- tion, be replaced by other persons, to be named in like manner, or in such other manner as may, from time co time, be directed by any Statute of the said College, to be passed for that purpose, and so on continually for ever. n A7idbe it enacted. That such Corporation shall have perpetual succession, and have a Common Seal, with power to change, alter, break, and renew the same, when, and as often as. they shall think proper ; and the said Corporation may, under the same name, contract and be contracted with, sue and be sued, implead and be mipkaded, prosecute and be prosecuted, in all Courts and places whatsoever in this Proviiice, and shall have full power to make and establish such and so many Rules, Orders and Regulations, (not being contrary to the Laws of the Country', or this Act), as they shall deem useful, or necessary, as well concerning the System of Education in. as for the conduct and government of, the said College, and of a preparatory School connected with, or dependent on, the same, and of the Corpora- tion thereof, and for the superintendence, advantage and improvement of all the property moveable, or immoveable, belonging to, or which shall hereafter belong to the said Corporation ; and shall have power to take, under any legal title whatsoever, and to hold for the said College, without any further authority,license, or Letters of Mortmain, all land and property moveable, or immoveable, which may hereafter be sold, ceded, exchanged, given, bequeathed, or granted, to the 'aid Corporation, or to sell, alienate, convey, let, or lease, the same if need be ; Pro- vided that the total yearly revenue from the property so acquired, shall not, at any time, exceed the sum of Five Thousand pounds (£5,000 ) ; and the said Corporation shall further have thn right of appointing an Attorney, or Attorneys, for the management of its affairs and all other rights necesarily incident to a Body Corpo- rate : Provided always, th*t no Rub, Order, or Regulation, which shall be made and established by the said Corporation in manner aforesaid, shall be of any force, or effect, until the same shall have been sanctioned and confirmed by the eaid Lord Bishop, or Bishops, as aforesaid. III. And he it enacted. That all the property which shall, at any time, belong to the said Corporation, as well as the revenues thereof, shall, at all times, be exclusively applied and appr )priated to the advancement of education in the said College, or a Preparatory School connected with, or dependent, on the same, and to no other object. Institution, or Establishment, whatever. IV. And be it enacted. That it shall be the duty of the said Corporation at all times, when they may be called upon so to do by the Governor of this Province, to render an account in writing of their property, in which shall be set forth, in par- ticular, the income by them derived from property held under this Act, and the source from which the same has been derived, also the number of Members of the said Corporation, the number of Teachers employed in the various branches of instruction, the number of Scholars under instruction, and the course of instruction pursued. V. And be it emided. That this Act shall be considered a Public Act, by all Judues, Justices of the Peace, and Officers of Justice, and by all other nersons whomsoever, and shaii be judicially taken notice of without being specially pleaded. VI And be it enacted, That this Act shall not extend to weaken, diminish, or «xtini{uish, the rights and privileges of Her Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, nor of any other person, or persons, body politic, or corporate, excepting only such rights as are hereby expressly altered, or extinguished. Property Appointing Attorneys General powers Proviso : Statutes to be subject to ap- proval of Bishop. To what pur- poses property shall be applied. Corporation to render accounts, Public Act. Rights of the Crown &c.gaved. *The8e appointments are Kiven in a subsequent Chopter. ii in LIhll i 9 'Hi n iitt i II 250 DOCUMENTARY HISTOf.Y OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1861 14th and 15th victoria, CHAPTER CXI. An Act to Define and Restore Certain Rights to Pa* iiBS Therein Mentioned.* The Eabl of Elgin and Kinoabdi. /, jJovkbnob-Gbnbbal. Passed on the 30th August, 1861. Preamble. 13th AUth Vict, chap. 48 cited. Imperial Act. Each party ap- plying shall be entitled to have a yeparate School Proviso. Whereas it is expedient to remove doubts which huve ansen m regard to cer- tain provision, of the^^ineteenth Section of »•} Act p«»ed in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Years of Her Majesty's Reign, and uUituled: " An Act for the Bettr-^ Establishment and Maintenance of Common School-, in Upper Canada t; and Whereas it is inexpedient to deprive -my of the Parties concerned of Rightt which they have enjoyed under preceding School Acts for Upper Cfnada. Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most Excdlent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the T.sgislative Council and Legislative .\s8embly of the Province of Canada constituted and assembled by virtue of and uuoer the autUoniy of an Act passed in the Parliament of the United Ku s?dom of Ui«.t, Britain and Irehnd and intituled ; " An Act to Re-unite the Provuices of Vpp..r and Lo»er Canada and for the Government of Canada," and it is hereby enacted by the author- ity of the same, I That each of tba parties applying, according to tiie provisions ot t.he ^iij Nineteenth Secfcici. of said Act, ah .V be entitled to have a Separate Schoci in -ach ^ — nited, as Baid party, or parties, shall ]u<1gt ux- larmcla : Provided always, that each such ta ami PMt'tled to all the advantages im- Ward, or in two, or moie, Wa pedient in each City, or Town, i*. ''vptti School shall bo subject to all the oou:ra posed and conferred upon Separatt Act .So1iC'j1:j ly thtj aaid Nineteenth Section of said Preamble. Imperial Act. 14th and 15th VICTORIA, CHAPTER CXXV. An Act TO Reflal the Provision Limiting the Distance Between the County Town AND AVV ADDSriONAL GRAMMAR ScHOOL IN THE SaMB CoUNTY, IN UpPER CaNADA. The Eabl of Ei.kn and Kinoabdink, Gotkbnob-Gknkbal. Passed on the 30th August, 1 851. Whereas inconvenience has arisen from the Proviso hereinafter mentioned : Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and of the Legislative Assembly of the Provu:ce of Canada, constituted and assembled by virtue of and under the authority of an Act passed in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great BritaTn and Ireland, and intituled : " An Act to Re- unite the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, U for the Government of Canada," and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, I That so much of the Sixth Section of the Act passed in the Session held in the Fourth and Fifth Years of Her Majesty's Reign and intituled : An Act to make Temporary Provision for the Appropnation of the Funds derived from the ^le of School L^nds in that part of the Province formerly Upper Canada and for Tthe? purposes." as is in the words following ^-"P'^ov'ded any such additional Schc^l shall not be within six miles of the 'District Town,'" shah he and is hereby repealed. , . II And be it enacted. That, notwithstanding the provision of an Act pa3«'«', »;; the Ninth Year of H«r Majesty's I^ig^v i«tit«lf = " An Act to amend th . ^^.t therein mentioned relating to the App - lation of Moneys derived from tl...le of School Lands in Upper Canada," i- ,' 01 and may be lawfu for tlit e einor by and With the consent oi Liicx,A=-ju:'. .„,.,.i,, .».-...-.— "V".'', . ^wonfir annual allowance to the Board of Trustees of any School, if not less u . twenty Scholars shall be educated therein. Part of sect of 405 Vict, c, 19 repealed. 6 Payment of allowance to be authorized in a certain case. » For the causes which led to the paHsing oi this Act. see pages 239 of this Volume. ,,«,„,„, t For a copv of this Act. ^ee pa^es 81-49 of this Volume ; and for the Nineteen Sect.on o the School Act of 1860. ., . 38, 39 of the Eighth Volume ot this Documentary History. Chap. XXII. EDUCATIONAL ACTS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE IN 1851. 25 *i' I 14th and 15th victoria, CHAPTER CLXVI. A.V Act to Incorpobatb the Burlington Ladies' Academy, Hamilton. The Eabl of Elgin and Kincabdine, Govebnor-Gknebal. Passed on the 30th August, 1851. Be it enacted by the Qaeea's Mont Excellent Majesty, by and with the advic and consent of the Legislative Council and <.f the Legislative ABsembly of the Prov- ince of Canada, constituted and assembled by virtue of and under the authority of ► a A:st passed in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire- hiv\, and intituled : " An Act to Re-unite the Provinces of Upper and Lower Oan^da. and for the Government of Canada," and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, I. That the Mayor of the City of Hamilton, for the time being, George Syl- vester Tiflfany, John W. Hunter, Edward Jackson, John Fisher, Daniel Cumminga Van Norman, Peter Carroll, Robert R. Smiley, Charles Newby Sims, Samuel Black Freeman, Michael Aikman, Alexander Hopkins, and Caleb Hopkins Van Norman, and their Successors, shall be, and they are hereby constituted a Body ^^oiporate, by the name of "Burlington Ladies' Academy," to be located at the City of Hamilton, for the purpose of establishing, maintaining and conducting a Seminary of Learning, for the Education of Females, and the persons above named shall be the Trustees of the said Corporation. II. And be it enacted, That the said Corporation shall have power to purchase, take and hold, real and personal Estate, to the annual value of Fifteen Hundred pounds, (£1,600), Halifax Currency, and to lease, sell, or otherwise dispose of the same, for the use of the said Institution, III. And be it enacted, That the Trustees shall have power to elect the Faculty of the Institution, form Regulations and By-Laws, prescribe the Course of Study, hold Examinations, and regulate the Government and Instruction of the Students, and to fill all vacancies that shall occur in their Board. IV. And be it enacted, That there shall always be Thirteen Trustees of the said Corporation, excepting when a vacancy, or vacancies, shall occur, which va- cancy, or vacancies, shall be supplied as aforesaid, within one month after they may happen ; and that five of said Trustees shall constitute a quorum for the trans- action of business. V. And be it enacted. That, upon the death, resignation, or removal from this Province, of j.ny Trustee, his vacancy shall be filled, as hereinbefore provided. VI. knd be it enacted. That it shall be the duty of the said Corporation, at all times, when they may be called upon so to do by the Governor of this Province, to render an account in writing of their property and affairs, in which shall be set forth, in particular, the Income by them derived from property held under this Act, and the means by which the same has been acquired, also the number of Members of the said Corporation, the number of Teachers employed in the various branches of Instruction, the number of Scholars under Instruction, and the course of Instruc- tion pursued. Preamble, Real Estate. By-laws. Trustees. Vacancies. To render Account etc., It called upon by the Gover- nor. it of 1860, set 1 -hfiS p ,i; i ,i>ii J V '^i P 252 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 CHAPTER XXIII. DOCTOR STRACHAN'S FURTHER "CHURCH UNIVERSITY" CORRESPONDENCE. Part V., 1851 ; Continued from Page 118 of this Volume. In Chapter VI of this Volume, I inserted those portions of a voluminous Correspondence which took place on the " Church University" question between Bishop Strachan. (while in England in 1850.) and Earl Grey, tl e Colonial ^'''^ This* Correspondence >^^s moved for in the Legislative Council by the Honourable Peter Boyle de Blacquiere, the first Chancellor of the tJniversity of Toronto, and was laid before that Council in two Parts, on the 5th of J"ne, 1851. A supplementary Return, with the re^t of the Correspondence, was laid before the Council on the 30th of the same month The Correspondence, which took place between Doctor Strachan and the Colonial Secretary in 1850-and that with Members of the Church of England m Canada and in England.-is published in Chapter VI of this Volume,-page3 91- 122 The remainder of that Correspondence, including Despatches on the subject to and from the Governor General and the Colonial office, in 1851, is published in this Chapter. _ „ » tt This episode in the troubled history of the " University Question of Upper Canada, which, in these early days, led to so much animated discussion, is both interesting and instructive. The personal feeling, and consequent acrimony which entered so largely into that discussion was greatly promoted and increased by the persistence of both parties to the controversy in insisting upon the establishment of but one College in the Province, and in thus ignoring the generous terms of the original Imperial Grant of Crown Lands m 1797 which provided for the establishment of Grammar Schools and of " Other Seminaries of a Larger and more Comprehensive Nature." This wider inter- pretation of the terms of the Royal Grant of 1797 was clearly the one put upon it by Sir John Colborne, the founder, in 1829, of Upper Canada College, (which was endowed with 66,000 acres of Crown Lands), who, in his Message to the House of Assembly.in I832.referred to this Imperial Grant of 1897 as having been made "for the support of Grammar Schools and Colleges." In a subsequent Message to the House in 1835, he again referred to the same Royal Grant as having been made " for Schools and Larger Seminaries." It is true that the " Church University " ca^e (of 1850, 1851). as stated and argued in the Correspondence on the subject, which is published in Chapter VI and in this Chapter, did not involve the same questions as did the old Kings College controversy. Although it was the natural sequel to that controversy and grew out of it ; yet, unli..e it, neither grant of lands., nor money, was asked for by the promoters of this " Church University." They simply claimed the Chap. XXIII. DOCTOR strachan's "church university" correspondence. 263 right of existence, and insisted upon the issue of a Royal Charter for the estab- lishment of their proposed College, as was granted in the case of Victoria College, as also in that of Queen's College. Yet underlying the whole subject was the latent idea, cherished, yet not clearly, nor strongly, expressed on either side, that the Im- perial Grant of 1797 was intended, (as held by the one party,)for such a Church of England College as that of King's College, and, (by the other party,) that such a College should be a Provincial one, " pure and simple," and that it should have no rival. This view was, in effect, the one taken by Chancellor de Blaquiere in his (drafted) Address of the Senate of the University of Toronto to the Governor General of the 7th of November, 1850, (pages 130, 131 of this Volume,) in which he said : — *' It ia highly injurious to the great interests involved in this (luestion, and which embrace the present, as well as rising generations of Canada, to permi*; the revival of an Institution, wholly exclusive in its nature, and, therefore, unsuited to the well-being of this Province, and which 18 intended to withdraw from the University of Toronto a large and influential portion of the community, many of whom are actually reaping great benefits from this Institution, and others are preparing to enter it, when sufficiently advanced, without the present means, or further prospect, of being able to provide for this section of the inhabitants that high academic education thus recklessly intended to be thrown aside." ... It will be noticed that the same deprecatory tone, as to the existence of more than one University, is quite perceptible in Lord Elgin's Despatch to Earl Gray of the 4th of February, 1851, (pages 256-259,) in the following Letter addressed by the Provincial Secretary to Doctor Strachan. In that Letter he says that,— - "There are grave objections to the multiplication of Academic Institutions, having authority to grant Degrees. . . Authority to grant such Degrees has been conferred on the two Denominational Colleges of Queen's and Victoria. It may be doubtful, however, whether they have, in effect, derived any essential benefit from its f xercise ; and, on the whole. His Excellency is inclined to think, that the case of the Institutions in question furnishes an argument rather against the expediency of conferring such powers, than in favour of it."* I. Letter from the Provincial Secretary to Doctor Strachan, January, 1861. 1. I am directed by the Governor General to State, for your information, that a Correspon- dence between your Lordship and the Colonial Secretary, transmitted to His Excellency by Earl Grey, in a Letter dated the 29th of July last, [page 107] aud comprisinjr with other Documents, the Draft of a Charter for a proposed University in connection with the Church of England,! [in Canada,] has engaged, for some time past, the anxious attention of Bis Excellency and the Executive Council. 2. His Excellency regrets to find in this Correspondence, statements reflecting on the course taken by the Provincial Government and Parliament, with respect to the University of Toronto, which he believes to be incorrect, and against which it will be his duty, when the fitting occasion arrives, to record his protest. 3. Omitting, however, for the present, further reference to these points and looking merely to the practical object which your Lordship had in view, in your Communication with Earl Grey- lam desired by His Excellency to observe, that, while he is most desirous that the means of obtaining Education in its highest branches should be placed as extensively as possible within the reach of the youth of the Province, he conceives that there are grave objections to the multiplication of Academical Institutions, having authority to grant Degrees m Arts, in a Country where the number of young men who can devote to study the necessary time to qualify them for such Degree is not large. .K .. .,". ''lu AfWress of the Senate of tlie University of Toronto, dated the 7th of November, 1850, (paire 131) it is stated that, In the short puriod, which has elapsed since the establishment of Victoria CoIIeKe, it ha.<; fintir«lv failed for "-nt o» necessary funds, and the Iiislitutioii lius been closed, its buildings at Oobourg have been soldt and an Act of the Letrislatiire m the last Session has authorized the removal of the Site of this College to Toronto. tThis stotenient ia quite incorrect. Victoria College was not "closed" in 1850, nor were its Buildings sold for forty years afterwards. The Site of the College was not removed to Toronto until the early eighties. J Printed on pages 99-102 of this Volumel 254 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPl'ER CANADA. 1851 m \'\ iffliti'i aaainBt the expediency of conceding such powers than xn favour of it. a U n.av however be observed that, if a Denominational character had not boon onginallv Degrees to those in Divinity, would be acceptable to yr r . « (^h • '.d the Memi Church of England in Ciinada generallv. , ^. , . j- ♦ .; Tt anoears to His Excellency that such a (Jolleg^, under your Lordship » immediate direcU^Ko" r| w"oSd am.rd a b^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ tution was brought into operation. Toronto, 11th January, 1861. J^««« ^"'^^ ■^'*■^• II. Doctor Strachan's Rkply to this Letter of the Provinciai. Seorbtart. 1 T »iav« ihe honour to acknowledRe v.ur Letter of the 11th instant, on the subject of the rou do not. iideel intimate that Bi. Excellency entertains any such impression. 2 With reaard to any statements which are to be found in my Correspondence, reflecting on the course taken by the Provincial Government and Parliament, with respect to the Univer- «L of Torrnto I havl onfy to observe that it would have been difficult for me to have expressed sity of Toronto, ^ "l^J® ^y^^;"^^^^^^ . *„ j^ jg my sincere conviction that we should look in and the appropriation of Its property. S I have said nothing on this point which I do not believe myself fully able to maintain ; andamunderrappiSsionof mV statement* being successfully opposed m any quarter, where I have an opportunity of being heard. 4 I have Kiven my best consideration to the remarks which His Excellency has done me 4. inavegivi my "= niirnnge of shew ne that it is of small importanci the a'^b«^^^''theUn'tedrhurch ot En^and and IrelnS in this Dioc.se, -containing, 1 think, Kt8S>W)0 fnESfnts,-^^^^^^^ possess an University with the privi oge of con- furring De^es?n the Ar?s. The other Religi'ous Denominations, which tpresent enjoy this LnWtaffe bv the favour of the Government, do not, t appe'* rs, estir e it hig ly , and 1 Sannot S thaVl feefthe force of any reason which h. been yet given ... hes.tati. j to grant Tsame priv ilege to the Members of the National Church [of England in Canada]. 5 Their number in this Diocese, (not less, I suppose, ^h''" 200 000,) certainly gives them a uSi™St,rXhhSbe»»ird »Sn th,n.in;of Kin,'. Oolleg., .na ..ppovted ..«. >t. funds. ■^■, •> 1.U 6 But I can hardly persuade myself that, because it has been th of its property and its Charter, a College founded by i^e Sovereign, m Established Church of the Empire, it can be thought a just policy Jf«?iXt Church the pc:--i>aity of repairing the in .iry, by denying to them the sam. nriXVes that have l^en^gianted to others, of educating their youths from their own resources, Fn theTown warwith t^^^^^^^^^ of conferring upon them Degrees to mark their proficiency in the different brauclios of K> aming. _ Sl^h^S'^iUn-stSs^rrdn^^^^^^^^ a total o,!.08^.780. Ml the other De„o„u„at.o„s. includingthe Church of EnRland, only numbered 1,007,141 in loQl. it I edient to depri^ 3Wt -nnection with tjse wit i.u.e : Churoti 156,795, While the er Denoniinations, 7. The Government will surely not debar them from the privilege, which others enjoy, of educating their youth in a College strictly connected w.>h their Church, in order to force them into another Institution, which is prohibited from inc iig her doctrines. 8. Tliat would be making one injury the ground coraitting another; and it would be expecting too much from the Members of the Church [(. tinglandj to suppose that they could be content to be placed, for such reasons, under such d ladx ^ntastes. Neither do I believe that it •can be made to appear reasonable to the many thousands, who woi.fd be so deeply affected by it, th»t the Qovernment have readily granted Charters for College to the other large Bodies of Christians who have desired the. i, should now, for the first tmae, aiscover that this has ^oen an erroneous policy, and should be determined to Grant no more exclusive Charters, just at that point of time when such a decision would have the effect of leaving the National Church in a position, inferior to that of other Religious Denominations, though in number she exceeds them. '' His Excellency may be assured that the Members of the Church of England do not v«h n the advantages they are soliciting less than others value it, and they will not easily be made t« feel that they deserve it Jess. 10. What they desire, and earnestly hope to obtain, is a Charter from the Crown, on the principln at least as sound as that which they had received from the same high authority, and which has, by an Act hitherto unprecedented in Colonial Legislation, been taken from them. They are reluctant to believe that this will be long denied them by their Sovereign ; for they have done n )thing to forfeit their right to etiual justice. 11. For any assistance, towards that end, which His Excellency may render to them, they will, I am (lure, be most grateful ; and if, in the meantime, the Legislature shall, upon His Excellency's recommendation, grant a CI irter of Incorporation, though it should be to no greater exteni than to give them the usual facilitv for managing their property and affairs, they would, I have no doubt, esteem it a very consid ilo advantage. 12. Yet they would, T believe, never cease to indulge the reasonable hope, that the (Jovern- ment would . msent to gnmt them a perfect Charter, nor would they solicit a restricted one with the remotest intention of a iliating with Toronto University.* 13. It cannot, I believe, be the opinion of His Excellency, that the Members of the Churcli of England are not so numerous as to make their wish a reasonable one, when they desire to have, complete within themselves the moans of giving a sound and liberal education to their youth ; ,.i r he is aware that Scotland, when its whole population did not nearly equal that of Upper Cai' nda, contained five Universities granting Degrees. ToRON" 20th ty, 1851. John Toronto. III. Rbpl^ THB Provincial Secretary to this Letter from Doctor Strachan. 1. I am irected he f vernor General to acknowledge the receipt of your Lord ip's Letter of the 20t>i inst ,nd to stii in reply, that His Excellency will be happy to afford uuch aid as it is in his power to oes* towards procuring for the Educational Institution, which you desire to establish, in oonnei tn with the Church of England, a Charter of Inc rporation, giving the usua facilities for managing its property and affairs. 2. I a.u further to add, with reference to the more perfect Charter to which your iordship alludes, that His Excellency would consider should no other alternative than this ultimately present itself, that it would lie a lesser evi > multiply Colleges within Tr.)vince author- ized to confer Degrees in Arts, notwithstanding the manifest tenden^,, of «• •\ system to detract from the value of those Degrees, Inn to subject the Members o? . Jhurch of England to injustice. He is not, however, propared to aba! Ion ti hni«?, that the Munibers of the Church, as well as of other Denominations possessing ict porated C aeges, may yet be induced to participate in the advantages offere'l to Students by the Tororto University. Meanwhile, he must not be suppc^sed to admit that he concurs in the opiiiion, that the Membv of the Church ot En' land in this Province, nnmbe^ing, R'>cording to you: Lordship's compuiiition, 200,000, are u, .ni- mously in favour of the estal .nment of a Denomin itional fJniversity, upon t' e principles embodied in tin Draft Chart submitted by your Lordship to ; 1 Grey. On the jntrary, His Excellency knows that, amoinj the most zeal « supporters of t system of united education, are some incerely attached Members of the hi ch < Englan while, as regar-ls others, ho has no reason to believe that considerabh ditff mce of opinion pru ails with respect to the terms in which a Charter for an exclusive Univ "sity < >ught to be conceived. *How itle did liie Bishop in 1851 anticipate that li \ ears after his Letter University, which he had fou, led, would, in 1902, propose to affiliate witti the Cm written, the Authorities of the Church ersity of Toronto. 256 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OP EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1861 »,'-. illi! Fl," I*- I i\ Iff n 3 With respect to the first clauHO of your Lordihip'i Letter, T am directed by Hi* Excellency to 8«8ur« you that nothing could be further Iroin his intentioni than to convey the impresaion, that there had »>een any lack of courtesy m your Lt)rdBhip'B Communications with him No such ground of complaint, in His Excellency s opinon, exists ; but, were it ev^n otherwise. His Excellency feels too keenly the momentous character of the subject under discusiion, and is too sincerely desirous to arrive at a solution of the diHiculties encomrwissing it which 'shall reconcile the rights of conscience with the moral and social interests nf the Province, to have permitted himself to allude to a merely personal (luestion at such a time. 4. As ycur Lordship, however, reiterates in this Letter the very serious charges which you have, on form«r occasions, advanrod against the Provincial Government and Parliament ; alleging that it is your sincere conviction that wo should look in vain, in the history of any country, governed by British Iaws, for an instance in which such entire disregard liad been shewn to Chartered rights ; His Excellency considers himself bound in fairness to remark, that these strictures, if just, apply more correctly to the provisions of the University Act of 1837. 7th William IV, Chapter 18, which superseded the Royal utrter, and did aw.vy with all tests, even as respects Professors, than to those of the Acts passed during the last two Sessions of the Provincial Parliament of 1849 and 1860. Moreover, he must observe, that the Legislation, m> severely characterized by Your Lordship, was con8ether 1 the advant- ollege, in con- nity, it would ature. until it he Church [of uiversity, but n to the firsb irtseed to m^ ;o,) for a copy er Oorrespon- in ihe News- I revision and neu to accede nc^ nd. For, we i altered Chap. XXIII. DOCTOR STWACHaN's "CHUKCH university" CORnESPONDEKCE. 257 in any matariAl point, without giving ri«e to qumtiont touching interference with Chtrtert^d RightH, akin to those which have so grevioii^'y embittere culated to keep up the asperity of feeling from which the interests of Education in Upper Can- ada have !i' 'ady so cruelly suffered 1 fear, however, that if I were to abstain from the notice of these cli ;^os, it might be suppoHed that i admitted the accuracy of the representations on which they itro founded. 6. Ill the Letter addressed by the Bishop to the Provincial Secretary, under date the 20th of January last,* of which the copy is herewith enclosed ; the charges to which I refer are al- luded t case fully before them, will be disposed to place the whole blame upon the Provincial Government and Parliament. 9. The first movement made towards the establishment of an University in Upper Canada: was in 1797, when the Legislative Council and Assembly ooncurred in an addreaa to the King, " Imploring that His Majesty would be graciously pleased to direct His Government in this Prov- ince, to appropriate a certain portion of the waste lands of the Crown, as a fund for the establishment a support for a respectable Grammar School in each District thereof ; and also, a College, or University, for the instruction of youth in -he different brandies of liberal knowledge," '' See poifeH '^64, 266 of this Ch 17 D.E. .1 'I 5 P ^1 1 i>> 'I a ii i! It* 268 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 A favourable answer was returned to his Address, intimating that it was " His Majesty's most gracious intention to comply with the wishes of the Legislature of His Province of Upper Canada "* and, accordingly, a large appropriation of vacant land was shortly afterwards made for the purpose of the Endowment. In the year 1807, District Schools were established by the Legislature, for the support of which a Special Grant was made, as the Lands so set apart had n )tyet become productive,t It is to be observed, however, that, true to the intention of the Address and Endowment, these Schools were altogether unsectarian in thair Constitution. No practical step appears to have been taken for carrying out that part of the Address which had reference to an University until the year 1827, when Doctor Strachan, Archdeacon of York, being in England, obtained from Lord Bathurst a Royal Charter, establishing the University of King's college.! 10. The University constituted by this Charter was essentially a Church of England Insti- tution. The Bishop was to be Visitor, the Archdeacon of York, President, and each Member of the College Council, seven of whom where to be eventually Professors, v. ;>8 required to subscribe to the Thirty Nine Articles. When its contents were made known in the Province, great indig- iiation was excited, which found a vent in addresses from the popular Branch of the Legislature and Public Meetings. It was urged that the representations, on the faith of which the Charter had been granted, were erroneous ; that its provisions were unsuited to the state of the Province, and inconsistent with the intentions of the Endowment. The justice of these remonstrances leems to have been admitted with very little contestation. They found an echo in the House of Commons. § The Lieutentnt Governor was instructed by the Secretary of State to endeavor to obtain from the College Council a surrender of the Charter, || and finally, the Local Parliament W(i!» invited by 'the same authority to amend it, in terms which imposed no limits on its discretion. It was not, however, till 1837, that an Act passed for this purpose, in which both Branches of the Legislfttura concurred. T 11. During the whole of this period the Charter of King's College, in so far as the object of Education was concerned, was practically in abeyance. A considerable expenditure of the University funds took place, which was the subject of much criticism at the time ; but the University was not opened for instruction till the year 1843, when it was organized under the provisions of the Act of 1837. 12. By this Act the preferences, which the Church of England enjoyed under the Royal Charter, were altogether abolished. That it did not, however, in its operation, give satisfaction to the Province, is proved by the fact that, between the years 1843 and 1850, no less than four sweeping Measures of Amendment were introduced into Parliament, two by Conservative, and two by Liberal Administrations ;** of these four Measure? that of 1849 alone passed into law.+t 13. The main cause of this dissatisfaction was undoubtedly the attempt which was made, notwithstanding the tenor of the Charter Amendment Act of 1837, to keep up a connection be- tween the Church of England and the University in various ways, and chiefly by the establish- ment of a Divinity Professorship, and of a Chapel Service. Whether these measures furnished a reasonable ground for such dissatisfaction, is a question on which I do not feel called to offer an opinion. The only point for which I now contend is, that the charge against the good faith of the Canadian Legislature, which is insinuated in the parallel that has been instituted between a supposed confiscation of the property of Trinity College, Dublin, and the Acts of the Local Parliament on the subject o'' King's College, canno^, on a fail construction of those Acts, be made good. If, in this parallel, the special privileges, which were never acquiesced in by the popular Branch of the Legislature, were actually abolished, t^ith the consent of the Crown, which granted them before the University, as an Educational Institution, came into operation. And if allusion be made to any supposed advantage secured tor the Church of England, by the arrangements of the University, as established under the Act of 1837 ; enough has been said to Legislat — Crown as a Fund for the establishment and support and also of a Collexe, <)r University " ; but the Rei of a respectable Grammar School in each Uistrict and, m due course of time ", for the . and not for Gramiriur Schools and anaai»ooia«.uu<;i(<:, .T .^....<=.=..'j , i.«v .,.>, ..eplv of the Kintr, through the Colonial Secretarj-, was more generous in Its terms than those of the request, while it wos equally specific in stating the objects of the Koval Grant. It was to the effect that the Imperial grant' was for •' the establishment of Free Grammar Sohocls .^ . -"•* •" -^ establishment of " othi>r Seminaries of a larger and mo^e comprehensive nature a. Single "College, or University," as desired by the Legislature. t The Act of the Legislature authorizing the establishment of these Schools is printed on page 60 of the First Volume of this Documentary History t F6r the particulars of Founding of Kihg-s College, see pages 216-226 of the same First Volume of this History. i For ri'oceamgs or the Bntisn tsousc m Luminuna un im:- ,~ur;-^x- — i— e-" -^ — '- ^-'— • -i-i"=. II The Despatch of the Colonial Secretary here referred to will be found on i>Rge8 54-8(1 of the Second Volume of this Documentary Histon'. The Reply of King's College Council to the request, contained in that Despat^ih, for the surrender of King's College Charter, is printed, in extengo, on pages 32-37 of the 'iliird Volume of this Documentary History. If A copy of this Act will be found on pages 88-89 of the Same Third Volume. •• i.e. those of 1843, 1845, 1846 and 1849, See the Volumes of this History for the years named. tt This Act is printed in full on pages 147-7 "j6 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. Chap. XXIII. DOCTOR strachan's "church university" correspondence. 259 Erove that these advantages had no foundation in law, and that their withdrawal, therefore, owever inexpedient, or uncalled for, cannot be deemed a breach of faith on the part of the Legislature. 14. The relation subsisting between the popular Branch of the Local Legislature and the Crown was indeed so peculiar, at a time, when even its Minister in the Colony were wholly irresponsible to the Provincial Parliament, that it is diflScult to establish, for any practical, usefu purpose, such analogies as that which I have been now discussing. It might, however, be con- tended with some show, at least of reason, that a closer parallel to the History of King's College than that which has been imagined, would, in all probability have been furnished by the Queen's Colleges in Ireland,^ if, after the assent of Parliament to their establishment and endow- ment had been obtained, an exclusive character had been imparted to them by the Royal Charter. 16. It is by no means my intention to refer, in these remarks, to any strictures of which the Constitution of the University of Toronto may have been made the object, on the ground of its containing no direct provision i'or Instruction in Religion. I am aware, that there are persons, whose opinions are deserving of respect, who hold that an Educational Institution, which labours under this defect, is not only useless, but practically mischievous ; and they are undoubtedly entitled to employ language which expresses adequately the strength of their conviction. I can take it upon myself, however, to aflSrra that the framers of this Constitution, while they have felt strongly the importance, with a view to the moral and social interests of the Community, of bringing the youth of this Country together for instruction in the higher branchfss of secular learning ; and while experience has satisfied them, that this object cannot be obtained if Denominational teaching be introduced into the University, most emphatically and earnestly repudiate the intention of thereby removing Religion from its fitting place in the scheme of a perfect education. On the contrary they have always hoped and believed, that the zeal of the several Denominations would induce them to provide Schools, or Colleges, in the vicinity of the University, for the Religious training of the youth of their respective Communions. They entertain the conviction, that a better security for the faith and morals of the Students attending the University, will be furnished by these means than could be supplied by the systenis lately in operation in King's College. A system which, seeking to combine objects in their nature incompatible, offered in effect to the Members of one Communion a scanty and imperfect measure of Religious training, while it left the Youth of the other Denominations, whom it equally pro- posed to educate in this respect, wholly unprovided for. Toronto, 4th February, 1851. Elgin and Ktncakdinb. of the First Volume Y. Reply of Doctor Strachan to the Provincial Secretary's Letter of the 24th of January. 1. I have the honour to acknowledge your Letter of the '24th ultimo [pages 255, 256] and beg leave to convey my thanks to His Excellency the Governor General, for his kind consideration, in stating that he will be happy to afford such aid as it is in his power to bestow, towards procuring for the University, which I desire to establish, in connection with the Church of England, a Charter of Incorporation, giving the usual iacilities for managing its property and affairs. 2. In regard to the more perfect Charter, I feel also, under obligation to His Excellency for the measure of support he is pleased k> tender ; at the same time, 1 should deeply lament the postponement of a boon to a future Administration which m«y be so gracefully bestowe'^ by the present ; and which, though in itself an act of simple justice, cannot fail to elicit the grateful acknowledgements of a large portiojx of the more ruspectable and iuHuential Inhabi- tants of the Province,— a result of no small importance in the present state of things. 3. I trust that His Excellency will excuse my earnestness in t'lis matter, not only because there is reason to believe, that the Charter we request, would be readily granted by the Home Government, should it meet with no impediment here ; but still more especially, lecause its attainment will remove a serious cause v)f dissatisfaction, and essentially secure, what we heartily desire, — the continued peace and tranquility of the Colony. 4. I take the liberty to request His Excellency's permission to withdraw the Draft of the Charter, which I laid before Earl Grey, and to substitute the enclosed Draft in its stead. 5. The alterations are not otherwise material than meet the probable division of the Diocese, and to Bubsfcitufcc the viiode of eoriferfing Degrees saoptsd r»t Cambridge, ,or .....°... nrjr.^a'.r.e.. m the former Draft. 6. They have been the result of mature deliberation, at.d the Document, as it now appears, lias received the unanimous approbation of my people. Toronto, 7th. February, 1851. John Toronto* 2GU DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 Enclosure : Drait of Revised Charter of the Church University. Victoria by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, yuEBN : Defender of the Faith ... To ALL to whom these PRESENTS SHALL COME,— GREETING : — 1. Whereas, the estaolishment of a College within the Province of Canada in connection with the United Church of England and Ireland, for the Education of Youth in the Doctrines and Duties of the Christian Religion, as inculcated by that Church, and for their instructions in the various Branches of Science and Literature, which are taught in the Universities of this Kingdom, would greatly con- duce to the welfare of Our said Province ; and,— 2. Whereas, humble application hath been made to Us, by many of Our Loving Subjects in Our said Province, that We should be pleased to grant Our Royal Charter for the more perfect establish- ment of a College therein and for Incorporating the Members thereof for the purposes aforesaid : 3. Now Know Ye, that We, having taken the premises into our Royal consideration, and duly weighing the great utility and importance of such an Institution, have, by Our Special Grace, certain Knowledge and mere motion, ordained and granted, and do by these Presents for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, ordain and grant, that there shall be established at, or near, Our City of Toronto, in Our said Province of Canada, from time to time, one College, with the style and privileges of an Univer- sity, as hereafter directed, for the Education and Instruction of Youth and Students in Arts and. Faculties to continue for ever to be called, " Trinity College." 4 And We do hereby declare and grant, that Our trusty and well-beloved, the Right Reverend Father-in-God, John, Bishop of the Diocese of Toronto, or the Bishop for the time being of the Diocese, in which the said City of Toronto may be situate, shall be Visitor of the said College. 5. And We do hereby declare, that should there be any division, or divisions, of the said present Diocese of Toronto, the Bishop, or Bishops, of such division, or divisions, shall be joint Visitors of the said College, with the Bishop of Toronto ; Provided that, in the event of an equalitj- of votes, the Senior Bishop, according to the date of consecration, shall have a second, or casting, vote. 6. And We do hereby grant and ordain, that there shall be a Chancellor of Our said College,— to be chosen for the term of Four years, but capable of re-election under such Rules and Regulations a» the Visitor, or Visitors, and College Council may, from time to time, see fit to establish. 7. And We do hereby declare, ordain and grant, that there shall, at all times, be one Provost ot Our said College, who shall be a Clergyman in Holy Orders of the United Church of Englend and Ireland, and that there shall be such, and so many, Professors in different Arts and Faculties within Our said College, as, from time to time, shall be deemed necessary, or expedient, and shall be appointed by the Visitor, or Visitors, of Our said College, with the advice of the College Council : Provided always, that all such Professors shall, before their admission into office, severally sign and subscribe the Thirty Nine Articles of Religion, as declared and set forth in the Book of Common Prayer, and the three'Articles of the Thirty-sixth Canon. 8. And We do hereby for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, will, ordain and grant, that the said Chancellor and Provost, and the said Professors of Our said College, and all persons, who will be duly matriculated into and admitted as Scholars of Our said College, and their successors for ever, shall be one distinct and separate Body Politic, in deed and in name, by the name and style of "The Ch:<,ncel- lor, Provost and Scholars of Trinity College, at Toronto, in the Province of Canada," and that, by the same name, they shall liave perpetual succession and a Conmion Seal, and that they and their successors shall, from time to time, have full power to alter, renew, or change, such Common Seal at their will and pleasure, and as shall be found convenient ; and that, by the same name, they,— the said Chancellor, Provost and Scholars, and their Successors, from time to time, and at all times hereafter, — shall be able and capable to have, take, receive, purchase and acquire, hold, possess, enjoy and main- tain, to and for the use of the said College, any Messuages, T'^nements, Lands and Hereditaments of what kind, nature, or quality soever, situate and being within Our said Province of Canada, so that the same do not exceed in yearly value Fifteen thousand pounds (£1.'),000) Sterling, above all charges ;. and, moreover, to take, purchase, acquire, have, hold, enjoy, receive, possess and retain all, or any, Goo". nber thereof, for any just and reasonable cause to the said Visitor, or Visitors, ap- pearing. 18. Provided that the grounds of every such suspension shall be entered and recorded at length by the said Visitor, or Visitors, in the Books of the said Council, and signed by him, or tliem : and every person, so suspended, shall, thereupon, cease to be a Member of the said Council unless, and until, he sliall be restored to, and re-established in such, his station tlierein, by any order to bo made in the premises by the said Visitor, or Visitors, of Our said College, 19 And Wo dofuHlK-r declare, ths* any M-n.bor :.f the said Council. «ho, aifhon:. sufficient cause to be allowed by the said Visitor, or Visitors, b, ...i Order entered, for that purpose, on the Books of thesai.l Council, shall abfi.-nt himself from all the Meetings thereof, which maj be lield within anv six successive calendar months, shall, thereupon, vacate such his seat in the said Council. 20 And We do, by these Pieaents, for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, will, ordain and grant, that the said Council of Our said College, shall have power and authority, to frame and make Statutes, 262 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 i 3 'I Rules, and Ordinances touching, and concerning, the good government of the said College ; the per- formance of Divine Service therein ; the Studies, Lectures, Exercises, Degrees in Arts and Faculties, and all matters regarding the same ; the residence and duties of the Provost of Our said College ; the number, residence and duties of the Professors thereof ; the management of the Revenues and Pro- perty of Our said College ; the salaries, stipends, provision, and emoluments of, and for, the Provost, Professors, Scholars, Officers and Servants thereof ; the number and duties of such Officers and Ser- vants ; and also, touching, and concerning, any other matter, or thing, which, to them, shall seem ;ood, fit and useful, for the well-being and advancement of Our said College, and agreeable to this "ur Charter ; and also, from time to time, by any Statutes, Rules, or Ordinances, to revoke, renew, augunient, or alter, all, every, or any, of the Statutes, Rules and Ordinances, as to them shall seem meet and expedient. 21 . Provided always, that the said Statute, Rules and Ordinances, or any of them, shall not be repugiiant to the Laws and Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or of Our said Province of Canada, or to this Our Charter. 22. Provided also, that the said Statutes, Rules and Ordinances, shall be subject to the approba- tion of the said Visitor, or Visitors, of Our said College, for the time being ; and shall be forthwith transmitted to the said Visitor, or Visitors, for that purpose, and that, m case the said Visitor, or Visitors, shall, in writing, signify his, or their disapprobation thereof, within six months of the time of their being so made and framed, the same, or such part thereof, as shall be so disapproved of by the said Visitor, or Visitors, shall, from the time of such disapprobation being made known to the said College Council, be utterly void and of no eflfect, but otherwise shall be, and remain in full force and virtue. 23. And We do further ordain and declare, that no Statute, Rule, or Ordinance, shall be framed or made by the said College Council, touching the matters aforesaid, or any of them, excepting only such as shall be proposed for the consideration of the said Council, by the Chancellor, for the time being, of Our said College. 24. And We do require and enjoin upon the said Chancellor thereof, to consult with the Provost of Our said College, and the next senior Member of the said College Council, respecting all Statutes, Rules and Ordinances, to be proposed by him to the said Council for their consideration. 25. And We do hereby, for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, charge and command, that the Statutes, Rules and Ordinances, aforesaid, subject to the said provisions ; shall be strictly and inviolably observed, kept, and performed, from time to time, in full vigor and effect, ur. r ;he penalties to be thereby, or therein, imposed, or contained. 26. And We do further will, ordain, and grant, that the said College shall be deemed ana taken to be an University, and shall have and enjoj' all such, and the like, privileges, as are enjoyed bjy Our Universities of Our United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, as far as the same are capable of being had, or enjoyed, by virtue of these Our Letters Patent, and that the Students in the said College, shall have liberty and faculty of taking the Degrees of Bachelor, Master, and Doctor, in the several Arts, and Faculties at the appointed times ; and shall havj "iberty, within themselves, of performing all Seliolastic Exercises for the conferring of such Degrees, i n such manner as shall be directed by the Statutes, Rules, and Ordinances of the said College. 27. And We do further will, direct, and ordain, that .he Chancellor, Provost, and Professors of Our said College, and all persons admitted therein, to the Degree of Master of Arts, or to any Degree in Divinity, Law, or Medicine, and who, from the time of such, their admission to such Degree, shall pay the annual sum of Twenty Shillings, Sterling money, for, and towards, the support and mainten- ance of the said College, shall be and be detnied taken and reputed to be Members of the Convocation of tlie said University, and, as such Members of said Convocation, shall have, nxercise and enjoy all such, and the like privileges, as are enjoyed by the Members of the Con\ ocation of Our University of Oxford, so far as the same are capable of being had, and enjoyed, by virtue of these Our Letters Patent, and consistentlj' with the provisions thereof. •28. And We, by these Presents, for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, do grant and declare, that these Our Letters Patent, or the enrolment, or exemplificat on thereof, shall, and may, be good, firm, valid, sii.fficient, and efl:ectual in the Law, according to the true intent and meaning of the same ; and shall be taken, construed, and adjudged in the most favourable and beneficial sense, or to the best advantage of the said Chancellor, l*rovost, and Scholars of Our said College, as well in Our Courts of Record, as elsewhere, and by all and singular. Judges, Justices, Officers, Ministers, and other Subjects, whatsoever, of Us, Our Heirs and Successors ; any mis-recital, omission, imperfections, defect, matter, cause, or thing, whatsoever, to the contrary thereof, in anj'wise notwithctanding. In Witness Whereof, We have caused these Our Letters to be made Patent. Witness, Ourselves, at Westminster, by Writ of Privy Seal, etcetera. VI. Lettrr op aoknowledombnt from thk Provincial Secrktary to Doctor Strachan. I have the honour to receive and lay before His Excellency the Governor General, your Lordship's letter of the 7th instant, covering a Draft of a Charter of Incorporation of the University, which you desire to establish in connection with the Church of England. I am directed by His Excellency to inform you, that he will, in compliance with Your Lordship's request, transmit the Draft in question to Earl Grey ; and, at the same timo, com- ■•^ I Ghap. XXIII. DOCTOR strachan's "church university" corkespondence. 263 R Strachan. municate lour Lordship's wish that it should be substituted for the Draft of the Charter, some time since [in June, 1850.] submitted to Earl Grey by Your Lordship. Toronto, 17th of February, 1851. James Leslie, Secretary. VII. Despatch of the Governor General to the Colonial Secretary. I have the honour to enclose herewith the copy of a further communication from the Lord Bishop of Toronto, (page 259,) which the Provincial Secretary has received from dis Lordship, since I forwarded my Despatch of the 4th instant, (Pages 25G-259) and of a Draft Charter, which the Bishop desires to substitute for that which he placed in Your Lordship's hands, [on the 18th of last June, page 99] and a copy of which was transmitted to me in your Despatch, on the 29th of July, 1850. [Page 107.] 2. I do not find anything in this amended Charter, to alter the views submitted in my Despatch of the 4th instant. [Page 256. J Toronto, 17th of February 1861. Elgin and Kincardine VIIL Reply of the Colonial Secretary to the Governor General's Despatch. I have to acknowledge the receipt of your Lordship's Despatches of the 4th and 17th ultimo, [page 256 and this page] in the former of which, you transmit the Copy of a Coirespon- dence, which has recently passed between the Provincial Secretary and the Lord Bishi'p of Toronto, on the subject of the proposed establishment, by Royal Charter, of an University in Upper Canada, and in the latter (the page above,) a Draft Charter, which the Bishop desires to substitute for the Charter submitted to me by His Lordship in June of last year. 2. I understand from these Despatches, and the Correspondence they enclose, to all of which I have devoted a very careful consideration, that there is no objection, on the part of the Provincial Parliament and Government, to granting the proposed Church of England (College, or University, all the necessary powers of a Corporation for managing its own affairs, and also the power of granting Degrees in Divinity ; but that it is considered advisable to endeavour to raise the value < f Degrees in Arts, by contin g the power of granting such Degrees as nearly as possible to the University of Toronto, with which, [as proposed], the separate College« of diffoient Denominations are. in connection, as King's College and University College are with the London University in this Country. It is not distinctly stated in your Lordship's Despatch, but it has been so explained to me by Lhe Reverend Doctoi Ryerson, that this policy of confining the power of granting Degrees in Arts, to the University of "Toronto, has been obstructed by the existence of Denominational Colleges, having the power, under old Charters, of giving Degrees in Arts, but that the Provincial Government has been negotiating with these Bodies for the surrender of their privileges, which has been obtained, except in the tv. > cases, [of Victoria and Queen's Colleges] referred to in the Correspondence.* 3. If I am correct in this undertaking of the case, I have no hesitation in stating that .t is clearly one in which the British Government ought not to interfere, to defeat, by the Gran: o a Royal Charter, the policy which is considered best for the Province by the House of Assembly, and by the Executive Council, which possesses the confidence of that Branch of the Legislature. It appears to me, therefore, that there is no ground for the interference of the Imperial Gov- ernment ; and, believing the local Government and Parliament to hw^e no indisposition to deal justly by the Church of England, I consider it better that it should be left to them to determine on what terms the proposed College, or University should be chartered, than that a Charter should be issued in this Country under Her Majesty's direct authority. 4. Your Lordship will have the goodness to communicate the substance of this answer to the Lord Bishop of Toronto L.ONDON, 11th March, 1851. Grey. (Note. The Despatch of the Governor General to the Colonial Secretary printed on pages 256-259 of this Chapter, in connection with the following one, gives a very graphic hi,stor.ica] bird's eye view of the discussion and various incidents of University Question in Upper Canada from the period of its early beginnings.) IX. Despatch of the Governor General to the Colonial Secretary. 1. From tne tonor or your ijorasnip s uijaynifsii lu juc, •" t:~ xitu iTirtivji, m::: trj.-^-:Tr!;r i.-tr- -- that some misconception may exist in your mind respecting the proceedings which have taken * In Letters which I received from Doctor Bverson, then in England, he stated that he had seen Earl Ore.v on Depart- mental, and other business, and had^liscugsed this University matter with him, particularly in reference to the " Chureb Unive-sity ; but, in these, there was no reference to any negotiations for the surrender of the charters of the Colleges then in operation." r,^ 264 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 I ! T A . S / -I /I i place, with a view to the In corp< ration of the Denominational Colleges with the University of Toronto, under the Provincial Act of 1849 : 12, Victoria, Chapter 82 ; and I think it my duty to endeavour to remove it, before communicating to the Lord Bishop of Toronto, your decision on this application for a Royal Charter for the College which he proposes to establish. 2. Your Lordship observes, that although it is not distinctly so stated in my Despatch [of the 17th ultimo,] it has been explained to you that the policy of confining the power of granting De>;rees in Arts to the University of Toronto, has been obstructed by the existence of the Denominational Colleges, having the power, under the old Charters, of giving Degrees in Arts ; but that the Provincial Government has been negotiating with these Bodies for the surrender of their privileges, which has been obtained, except in two cases referred to in the Corre- spondencti. This view of the case is not, however, entirely accurate. Queen's College, Presbyterian ; and Victoria College, Wesleyan ; are the only Denominational Colleges, on which the privilege in question, has been conferred, and it has not yet been surrendered by either. 3. I have further to observe, that it is not strictly correct to state that Colleges Incorpor- ated with the University of Toronto, will be placed under the arrangement now in contemplation, in relation to that Institution, precisely similar to that in which King's College and University College stand to the University of London. Looking to the very limited resources which are enjoyed by the Denominational Colleges hitherto established in Upper Canada, — (for both Queen's and Victoria Colleges, it is to be remarked, are dependent, in a great measure, on the Annual Giants of the Legislature, — (the continuance of which cannot be guaranteed,) — it has not been deemed advisable to propose, that students attached to such Incorporated Colleges, should be relieved from the necessity of keeping terms at the University, and of attending University Lectures, in order to qualify them for University Degrees. It has been presumed that the resources of these Colleges wid be most advantageously employed, if they are exclu- sively devoted to the object of providing Religious Instruction for the youth of the Communions to which they may respectively belong. The clauses, however, of the Act establishing the University of Toronto, which relate to the Incorporation of Colleges.and of which I herewith enclose the copy, contain nothing imperative on this point. I apprehend, therefore, that if tlie persons interested in any Denominational College should signify a desire to affiliate it to the University of Toronto, in the way in which King's College and University College are affiliated to the University of London, and should show that the resources at their command, enable them to furnish sufficient instruction in all the necessary branches of learnintr, there would be no legal impediment to the consideration of such a proposition by the Authorities of the University. 4. I have thought it right to submit these explanatory remarks, before communicating the substance of your Lordship's Despatch, of the 11th March, to the Bishop, lest it should appear thiit your reply to his application had been written under any misapprehension of the facts of the case. At the same time, I trust that you will still be of opinion, that it is not expedient that a Royal Charter, containing such ample powers as that for which his liordship has applied, should be granted to any Denominational College, while negotiations for the surrender ^^i' the Charters of Queen's and Victoria Colleges, are still pending. I fully expect that it will *x>n l»e in my power to appraise your Lordship of the issue of these negotiations. Meanwhile, I cannot but observe, that a decision on the application of the Lord Bishop, which might have the efi'ect of withdrawing the Members of the Church of England generally, from all connection with the Provincial University, may be attended with serious consequences, and that it ought not to be arrived at without full consideration. They are at present largely represented in this Institu- tion, and I much doubt whether it would prove to be eventually conducive, either to the in crests of the Church itself, or to those of sound learning in the Province, that they should cease to exercise within it, an infiuence proportioned to their numl)ers and weight in the community. Toronto, Ist May, 1851. Elgin and Kincardine. X. The Colonial Secretary's Reply to Lord Elgin's Despatch. I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Despatch, of the 1st instant, in which ynu correct a misapprehension into which I have fallen in my Despatch of he 11th of last Murch, [page 263] respecting the proceedings which have taken place in Upj.er Canada, with a view to the incorporation of Denominational Colleges in thit Province, with the University of Toronto. Althou^a I had certainly misapprehended some of the facts of the case, the representation which you have now transmitted to me, does not alter my view of the course which 'ught practically to be, adopted ; and I concur in the opinion Your Lordship r.as expressed, t ,it it will not be expedient to grant a Royal Charter, containing such ample p"wer8,(a8 the Bialwp of Chap. XXIII. DOCTOR strachan's "church university" correspondence. 265 Toronto has applied for), to any Denominational CotleKe, while negociations are pending for the surrender of the Chas-ter of Queen's and Victoria Colleges.* London, 30th May, 1851. G»ey. [NCARDINE. XI. The HoNODKABtE Chancellob de Blaquiere to the PaoviNCiAX Secretary. I am induced, as a Member of the United Church of England and Ireland in this Province, and taking a deep and abiding interest in her welfare, to request you to lay this Communication before His Excellency the Governor General. I am informed that a Royal Charter is about to be obtained from Her Majesty the Queen, on the application of the Lord Bishop of Toronto, as, in behalf of the Church of England and Ireland in his Diocese, for the purpose of creating an excluEiive Church University in Upper Canada. I am not aware that our Church, as such, has ever been consulted, or has applied for such an Institution, and, as it is a matter deeply aflfeoting the Civil and Religious liberty of a large section of the Inhabitants of Upper Canada, and, as the Legislature not being at present in Session, 1 cannot, from my place in Parliament, move for an Address to His Excellenoy,in order to obtain the publication of the Charter for the information of those concerned in it, before it is granted, I request His Excellency will be pleased to permit me to obtain a copy of the same. m Toronto, 19th of November, 1851. Peter Boyle de Blaquiere, Chancellor of the University of Toronto. XII. The Provincial Secretary to Doctor Strachan. I am directed by the Governor General to state for Your Lordship's information, that I have received a Communication from the Honourable Peter B. de Blaquiere.in which that Qentlo- mhn observes, that he has been informed that a Royal Charter is about to be obtained from Her Majesty the Queen on the application of the Lord Bishop of Toronto, as in behalf of the Church of England and Ireland in his Diocese, for the purpose of erecting an exclusive Church University in Upper Canada, and requests that His Excellency will be pleased to permit him to obtain a copy of the same. Mr. de Blaquiere states that ^e is induced to make this request, as a Member of the United Church of England and Ireland u 'his Province, taking a deep and abiding interest in her wel- fare ; and adds, that, as the Legisl. t. e is not at present in Session, he cannot, from his place in Parliament, move for an Address l • Jis Excellency, in order to obtain the publication of the Charter, for the information of those concerned in it, before it is granted. His Excellency considers that it is due to your Lorrkbip's position in the Church, and to the exertion which your Lordship has made for the estabiishroent f an University in connection therewith, that you should be apprized of the appVr •>tion whici; has thus been made to him, before it is replied to ; and I am directed by him tc (.do.-sE this CoTrmunication to your Lord- ship accordingly. Toronto, 25th November, 1851. James Leslie, Secretary. Xllt. Reply of Doctor Strachan to the Provincial Secretary. I am obliged by the Communication made to me this day, by direction of His Excellency the Governor General. Having learnt with surprise, since my return, that the Honourable Peter B. de Blaquirere has thought proper, in a most unkind spirit, to submit to discussion, in a public Body, a slan- derous Paper, reflecting uniustly upon myself, I must beg to decline making any communica- tion for the purpose of furnishing him with information, which it may suit his conscience to ask for, on the ground of a professed interest in the welfare of the Church [of England]. But I need hardly say, that I can have no objection to His Excellency making any com- munication to Mr. de Blaquiere which may appear to him proper. Toronto, 25th of November, 1851. John Toronto. « In a>\ elaborate Address issued in September, 1851 by the Executive Authorities of Victoria CoUeKe, liieie is nu men- tion m»«te of anv negotiations with the Authorities of that College for the surrender of its Charter. In the Address it is said . " A' lenv'th within the I'^st tn-o years, successive Acts of the Legislature [those of 18k9aiid ISnO] have placed the Provincial University upon a broad Christian foundation, (so far as depended upon Acts of. Parliament) ; and %ve were^disposed and prepared to give it our sanction and support, as far as circumstances would permit, and m accordance with the original and esseiitial objects of our own College . . . but, after several months delay, the expectations held out for affecting this arrangement have not been realized." . . . 266 DOCUMteiJTART filSTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1861 m i;'4 .: •! '.? THE FIRST COUNCIL OF TRINITY COLLEGE, 1851. On the 7th of February, 1851, Doctor Strachan, in a Letter to the Provincial Secretary, [page 249] requested the Governor Qeneral, Lord Elgin, to transmit to Earl Grey, the Colonial Secretary, a Substitute Draft of a Royal Charter. This Substitute Draft was enclosed by Lord Elgin to Earl Grey in Number VII [page 263], of these Letters. The Eleventh Section of this Draft Charter, [page 261], provided for the appointment of a Provisional Council for Trinity College by the Bishop. This was done by the Bishop, as the following interesting Document, relating to the establishment of Trinity College in 1850, 51, will show. It was issued by Doctor Strachan, the First Bishop of Toronto, on the 17th of Septem- ber, 1851. It]]8pecifies what was to be the name of the new University College, and also who were to be the Members of its "Original Council."* £!0 whom it may concbbn : — John, by Divine Permission, Lord Bishop op Toronto, Greeting ; — 1. Whereas, there has been established in the City of Toronto a College, which has been incorporated by a Statute [passed on the 30th day of August, 1861, page 248], 14th and 15th Victoria, Chapter 32, as a College, in connection with the United Church of England and Ireland, under the style and title of " Trinity College," and, — 2. Whereas it is provided by the said Statute that the Corporation of the said Trinity College shall consist of : Firstly, the Lord Bishop of Toronto, or, in case of the division of the said Diocese, then the Bishops of any Dioceses into which the Dioceso of Toronto may hereafter be divided : Secondly, the Trustees of the said Trinity College, and thirdly, the College Council of the said Trinity College, not less than three in number, which said Trustees and the Members of the College Council shall be named in the first instance by the Lord Bishop of Toronto, and shall, in the event of their death, removal from the Province, dismissal from office, or resigna- tion, be replaced by other Persons, to be named in like manner, or in such other manner as may, from time to time, be directed by any Statute of the said College to be passed for that purpose, and so on continually, forever, and, — 3. Whereas, at a Meeting of the Church University Board and the Medical Faculty, called by order of the Lord Bishop of Toronto, and held on the Fourth day of January, 1851, the Lord Bishop of Toronto being in the Chair, it was agreed, at the recommendation ot the Lord Bishop : " That a Provisional Council be formed, to consist of the Lord Bishop of Toronto, who shall preside at all Meetings at which it may be convenient for his Lordship to attend ; the Venerable the Archdeacon of Kingston, [Doctor George Okill Stuart], the Venerable the Archdeacon of York [Doctor .\lexander Neale Bethune], and twelve Members, to serve till the University be ready to com- mence the business of Instruction, and that six of the twelve Members of such Council shall be chosen by the Contributors to the Church University, now present, and six, including one to represent the Medical Faculty, by the Lord Bishop, on his own behalf, and that of the Church Societies and Contri- butors in England. ' And, at the same Meeting, the following Gentlemen were nominated and elected by the Meeting as Members of the said Council, namely : — Alexander Burnside, Esquire, Doctor cf Medicine ; the Honourable Chief Justice J. B. Robinson ; the Reverend Henry James Grasett, Master of Arts ; the Honourable Chief Justice J. B. Macaulay ; John Arnold, and Lewis Moffatt, Esquires. And, at the same Meeting, the Lord Bishop nominated the following Gentlemen as IVIem- bers of the said Council, namely . — tha Honourable James Gordon, the Honourable Mr. Vice- Chancellor Spragge, Philip Vankoughnet, Esquire, the Honourable Robert Sympson Jameson, the Honoura.ble Mr. Jup.tice Draner, and, on behalf of the Medical Faculty, Edward M. Hodder, *This Document is token from the " Trinity University Review— Jubilee Number" of June and July, 1902, pages 8.S, SO. "his interesting Number of the Review contains excellent sketches of Doctor Strachan, Founder of the University, an |) .-' V early \ .oneers and promoters of Church of England Education in this Province. See also a Sketch of Doctor Strachms by V >v late Reverend Doctor Henry Scadding on pages 117, U8 of this Volume. 1861 the Provincial to traosmit to Charter. This ber VII [page er, [page 261], Doilege by the ng Document, jhow. It was th of Septem- ersity College, [NO : — , which has been 1, 14th and 15th land and Ireland , the said Trinity lid Diocese, then 16 divided : ;e Council of the the Members of of Toronto, and ffice, or resigna- ither manner as 3 passed for that al Faculty, called muary, 1851, the ktion of the Lord 'oronto, who shall the Venerable the hdeivcon of York y be ready to coni- icil shall be chosen ) to represent the iieties and Contri- i elected by the quire, Doctor of y James Grasett, Hold, and Lewis tlemen as Mem- urable Mr. Vice- ^mpson Jameson, yard M. Hodder July, 1902, pages 8)^, of the University, an i> ch of Doctor Strachau Chap. XXIV. PROCEEDINGS OF THB SENATE OF UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 207 Esquire, Doctor of Medicine. At the same Meeting it was agreed that the following Gentlemen should be Trustees, namely: — the Reverend Henry James Grasett ; George William Allan and Lewis Moflatt, Esquires. And, — 4. Whereas, at the Meeting of the aforesaid Provincial Council, held on the Ninth day of January, 1851, the Lord Bishop of Toronto in the Chair, James M. Struchan, Esquire, was nominated a Member of the said Council by the Lord Bishop, in the room and place of the Honourable Mr. Justice Draper, who had resigned the office of a Member of the Council : And, — Whereas, at a Meeting of the said Council, held on the Fifth day of ^pril, 1851, it was ordered that Sir Allan Napier Macnab be requested to become an Honorary Member of this Council : 6. Now know ye, that having full confiub^ice in the ability and zeal of the Gantlemea heretofore appointed and nominated as this the First Council and Trustees of the Church Uni- versity, I, John, by Divine Permission Lord Bishop of TDronto, by authority invested in me by the Act of the 14th and 16th Victoria, aforesaid, do hereby constitute, nominate and appoint the Venerable George Okill Stuart, Doctor of Divinity, and Doctor of Laws, Archdeacon of King- ston ; the Venerable Alexander Neale Bethur.e, Doctor of Divinity, Archdeacon of York ; Alex- ander Burnside, Esquire; Doctor of Medicine the Honourable CI ief Justice J. B. Robinson; the Reverend Henry James Grasett, Master of Arts ; the Honourable Chief Justice J. B. Mac- aulay ; John Arnold and Lewis Moffatt, Esquires ; the Honourable Jameo Gordon ; the Hon- ourable Vice-Chancellor J. G. Spragge ; Philip M. Vankoughnet, Esquire ; the Honourable Robert S. Jameson ; Edward M. Hodder, Doctor of Medicine ; James M. Strachan, Esquire and Sir Allan Napier Macnab, as Members of the Council of Trinity College, and also do hereby nominate, constitute and lippoint the Reverend H. J. Grasett, Master of Arts, George William Allan, and Lewis Moffatt, Esquires, Trustees for the said Trinity College. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my Hand and Seal this Seventeenth day of September in the Year of Grace, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one. [Seal.] John Toronto. CHAPTER XXIV. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, 1851.* January Jfth, 1851. The Members present were not sufficient to form a quorum. January 11th, 1851. Read a Letter from the Secretary of the Board of Endowment, dated the Third instant, informing the Senate of the appointment of Mr. Alan Cameron as Bursar and Secretary to the Board, in the room of Doctor Henry Boys resigned. Read also a second Letter from the Secretary to the Board of Endowment, transmitting the names of the Sureties offered by Members of the Board. Read also a Statement of the Transac- tions connected with the Property and Effects of the Toronto University, from August the 13th, to December the Slst, 1850, as follows :— Of the Investment Fund there was a £ s. d. Balance in hand on August the ISth, 1850, as per Bursar's Statement, of. . . 4,809 4 ^ Instalments on old land Sales 1,981 14 2 iTovernment Debentures redeemed 11,605 New sales, none. Leases, none. Total £18,395 Invested in Government Debentures £14,500, 0, 0. Invested in Building for Medical Faculty £1,506, 0, 16,005 18 2i £2,390 Balance of the Income Fund transferred to this Fund, pursuant to University Statutes £2,018 18 17 2i Rol ancj: }»o«/i fin f-|«0 Igf nf January 1851 £4.409 15 6it * I have only inserted in this Chapter those portions of the Proceeflin(?8 of the Senate as appear to me to he of general, or public, interest. The husiness which had formerly been wholly transacted by the King's College Council, was, under ;i>e Baldwin University Act of 1849, partlv assigned to the Senate ; and partly to the Endowment Board. A special class of duties was assigned' to the Caput. The Senate had chiefly to do with general University financial matters. The Endow- r Hit Board had to do with sale of the University Lands, and providing an '■ Income," etcetera. A large portion of its pro- ceedings were, therefore, local and tempo; ary. 268 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 ,« m Balance in hand aa above £4,409 15 CJ Amount on depoait 126 12 7 Balance on the Slat of December, 1860, m per Quarterly Account £4,636 8 1^ Of the Income Fund there wa« n Balance in hand on the lath of Auguat, 1850, aa per Hursar's Statement of Interest on Instalments J'?ar Interest on I iivestments ^' ~, Interest on - 'romissory Notes Interest on Bank Balances Dividend on Ten Shares of Bank Stock Rents of leased Lots Incidental Receipts Fees and dues Salaries repaid Amount of Disbursements £6,086, 8, 3. Balance transferred to the Investment Fund £2,018, 17, 4. £ B. d. 4,346 7 ■U 1,061 3 3| 1,165 7 >< 61 If U 166 2 11 6 5 8 500 6 63 11 1 206 1(< i 539 1 1 ^68.106 5 ( £8,105 5 Read a Letter from the Provincial Secretary, dated the Third instant, transmitting a certi- fled copy of a Statute for compensation of certain Professors therein named, reported to His Excellency the Governor General by the Commissioners of Visitation of the University "f Toronto. Professor Doctor Lucius O'Brien, seconded by the President, moved that the Coiu- municaation from the Endowment Board, relative to the Sureties for the Members of the Endowment Board, be referred to a Committee, and that the said Committee consist d Messieurs John McMurrich, John Cameron and James Hallinan. (Carried.) The second Reading, from last year, of the Statute, relative to the Chair of Agriculture and Experimental Farm, being resumed, Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, seconded by Professor Doctor VV. B Nicol, moved that the third Clause be adopted, whereupon the President, seconded by Mr. John Cameron, moved in Amendment, by way of Proviso, that nut Iosh than six acres of the University Grounds shall be appropriat :<; for a Botanical Garden. (Co ried.) January 18th 1851. The Members p-'t«!*.i were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. January 25th 1851. No business of yXiUVvz importance was transacted at this Meeting. February 1st 1851. Read the foliowiv ii!v Ldtter from the Honourable the Chancellor to the ViceOhbiiceilor, dated the Thirty-first ultiinu, on the subject of the withdrawal by the Reve- rend Doctor James Beaven, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, of a notice of intention to introduce a Statute permitting Professors and Students to omit Lectures at times appropriated to public Religious Services ; and offering to give a Gold Medal for Excellence in " Evidences of the Christian Religion " for the present Year. The Chancellor's Letter was as follows :— " I learn with much regret, and with feelings of extreme disappointment, that the Reyereiid Doctor James Beaven, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, has withdrawen the notice of his intention to introduce a Statute, permitting Professors and Students to omit Lectures at times appropriated to Religious exercises." I \ iew this only as to its injurious effects upon the best interests of the University, over which I have been called upon to preside ; and my utmost efforts shall be used to counteract what I consider undisguised hostility from a quarter, where our Institution had, I think a right to look for a \iry different proceeding.* I trust that the Senate will see the propriety of meeting this untow.xrd trifling by a Declaratoiy Statute, giving the necessary facilities and acconiraoilation To Ministers of Religion for Religious Instruction to Students of the University.t There is another matter connected with this subject requiring attention :— I was under I lie impression, until very lately, that the Bye Law of the Faculty of Arts submitted l>y the Reverend Doctor James Beaven, Dean of that Faculty, to the Senate on September the Twenty- eighth last, for granting a separate Medal for " the Evidences of Religion " was to be continued ; I find that this is not the case ; and, to supply the deficiency, I request that you will be pleased to communicate to the Senate my wish to be permitted to give a Gold Medal for this purpose for the present year, subject to such stipulations and rcquircmoits .t.^ tn prnficieiicv, exan-mationa. etcet f ed that the Com- le Members of the mmittee consist of ) p of Agriculture and by Professor Doctor aidant, seconded by ns« than six acres of Hed.) istitute a Quorum. it this Meeting. le Chancellor to the Irawal by the Reve- ntion to introduce a propriated to public " Evidences of the "oUows : — b, that the Reverend ;e of his intention to times appropriated to versity, over whicli I eract what I consider it to look for a \eiy ling by a Declaratmy Religion for Relif^imis n :— I was under tiic Arts submitted by ptember the Twenty- lS to be continued ; I you will be pleased to [• this purpose for the rajiiinations, etcetei^i, ite will be pleased to ito, as constituted nil' ler )ry. ruction to the Uni veiMty can '<■ ilie necessii y announcoiiien' 'o be made to the iiufesnor of Moral i'hiloaophy and Kt hies, in ord r that he may gi « public notice of the same to the 8tud«ntM of the University. YoRKViLLE, Jan. try 3Ut, 1851. Petkr IJoyle dk Bi-AQCifeKE, Chancellur. Mr. Joseph 0. Morrison, iteconded by Professor Doctor George Herric' ved that Mr. W. Soott Bum be appointed Auditor, u' lerthe Twenty-third Section of th i. Statute. (Carried.) Professor Doctor W. 11. Beaiunont, seoondL y ProfesHor Doctor Sket; ,tOD Connor, moved, that a Return be made to thi Senate of thi aev al sums of m^mey r ived from the University by each Professor during ett.,ii year, from tl' - opening of the University, distinguish- ing Salaries, Fees, Compensations for extra Services, and all other payments whatever, with the authorities for making the same. (Carried. The Statute relative to the Saiikries of -ertam Officers, and the distribution of Fees to Pro- fcBBors, was read and adopt . d. Pt'brimry ^h, 1851. The Members present were not fufSoient to constitute a Qu( .im. February I5th, 1851. No business of public importance was transacted at this Meeting. February SSnd, 1861. Head the following Letter from Robert East >n Burns, £squire> Chairman of Commifl°'on of Inquiry to the Bursar, dated the Seventeenth nst nt, in reply to a ter from the Secretary of the Commission to the Senate, dated th( HlHtmg that, in the course of two. or three, weeks the Commissioners abled to dispense with the serv f some of the Clerks, if not of all. " The (Jonimissioners have delayed thus long in replying to your Lette January last, in the hope that they wcnild, by this time, have been enabled far completed their labours, as to dispense with the services of their CIiu. venth ultimo, )iat they will be en- ter is as follows : — , lie Twenty-seventh of ay that they had either , or, at all events, have made a reducHon in their number, affording an evidence of the work approaching to a close. This ivason will, I "ust, be received as an excuse for the delay, more particularly so when I tell you, for the int rma' .i of the Senate, that tUo Commissioners now think they will be enabled, in the course of two or three, weeks, to dispen*- ith the servioes nf some of the Clerks if not of all. Many diffi- culties, fr im time to time, haveari: which could not be foreseen, and which inevitably caused slow -irogress m the work. The work m.w occupying attention chiefly is the making up of the Final iiiiliiiiie Sheet of the Accounts, and pru|)erly entering the ne* pssary Cross Entries, as they are termed, in order t exhibit at one view a correct statement otthe affairsi and position of tho funds and property of the Institution. After this shall have been completed, the remaining work will be what the ( 'oinmissioners have in their own hands, and this, we trust, will not occupy long in finishing. Toronto, February 17th, 1851. Robert E. Burns, Chairman. The Reverend Doctor James Beaven, seconded by the President, moved that the Secretary do write to the Honourable Peter B. de Blaqui^re, Chancellor of the University, in order to convey to him the thanks of the Senate i'or his proposition to present a Gold Medal for the en- couragement of the study of the '* Evidence of Natural .»nd Revealed Religion," aid to inform him that the Senate will take immediate steps to enable the Students to avail themselves of this proposition. (Carried.) Resolved, That the Vice-Chancellor be authorized, and he is hereby directed, to communicate with the Honourable the Chancellor and to inquire on what gronids his statement of "undis- guised hostility " to the University, on the part of the P 5> /. ^ w y Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (71i) 872-4503 270 DOCUMKNTABY HISTORY, OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 ^|lii 5 ^i s' " godless," because I continue to hold office in it ; v/hereas, the only reason why I continue now to hold office is, on account of that which I continued at the beginning of last year, namely, that the Government has not allowed me any adequate compensation upon which to retire, and Providence has not opened for me any other sphere of action. I am so far from being satisfied that Religious Instruc- tion " can be satisfactorily given " in the University of Toronto, that I am quite satisfied it can neve'- be given satisfactorily, so long as all its students are not trained in the system of the Church of England. What bearing the division of Moral Philosophy into Metaphysics and Ethics can have on Reli- gious Instruction, I am really at a loss to understand ; certainly it was not made with any such view ; and I find it so inconvenient, that I intend to endeavour to have the separation set aside. There is no separate Prize, or Medal, " instituted " for " Evidences ; " it was only provided for in the past years. The Statute, of which I gave notice, did not intend to provide " That Lectures should not be allowed to interfere with the giving of Religious Instruction," as you might easily ha.'e seen, if you had read the notice carefully ; but, whatever was its object, 1 do not intend to persevere with it. With regard to both this and the preceding business, I think it much to be regretted that you did not make yourself accurately acquainted with the subjects, before you wrote for public information respecting them. , And knowing, as you do, that I have repeatedly, in your presence, and that of the Senate, ex- fressed my entire disapproval of the very principles, upon which the University is founded, and that have, more than once, publicly expressed my sympathy with the Bishop's plan, I think I have strong ground of complaint against you, for using my name to sustain the character of an Institution which I abominate, and to prevent the establishment of that which I desire to see, although I have no pros- pect of being connected with it.* ToKONTO, January 15th, 1861. James Bkavkn. 2. Reply of the Honocbablb P. B. de BLAQUiiRE to the Reverend Doctor Bbaven. I beg to acknowledge your Letter of the Fifteenth instant. I am not sensible that I have maide any "unwarrantable use of your name." It by no means follows, that I rested the character of the Toronto Univeisity, (as adapted to, and harmonizing with, Religious Education suitable for Upper Canada,) exclusively, or even mainly, upon your continuing as a Professor attached to it. I brought the fact forward as illustrative, and as affijrding to most minds, my own amongst the number, a con viction, that Religion was not excluded from the Institution, as the Professor of Divinity of King s College still adhered to it,— however strongly he was supposed to feel upon the subject of Religious Education, and introduced measures tending to establish its Religious character. My argument might equally have been aided had I referred to the Reverend Doctor McCaul,,t or to the Reverend Professor Murray, as to yourself. But, assuredly, it never for a moment entered my thoughts, that a Minister of Religion, who, it now appears, like you, holds " the University in abomi- nation", could, under any circumstances, remain as one of its Professors. 1 make no observation upon this, nor will I enter upon, or analyze, the views with which you introduce measures to the Senate, which, you allege, were not for the purpose I supposed, and stated them to be. I thought, and still consider, that they were adapted to develope Religion in the Insti- tution, notwithstanding I entirely disapproved of the manner in which they were introduced ; the statements, on your part in the Senate, which preceded their introduction ; (to which I suppose you allutle,) and I would, at the time, have told you so, had I been in any way consulted before the step was taken. I entertained the apprehension that they were so injudicious as to induce the rejectiAi of your " Bye-Law" by those who would, I think, otherwise have readily acceded to it ; Indeed, I am now aware, that such is the fact, as to one of the three Dissentients to your Bye-Law ; and I believe the dissent of the other two arose from the same cause. So strong were my feelings at the time, as to the probable result, which, if realized, would unquestionably have stamped the University with the char- acter attempted tci be fixed upon it by the Bishop of Toronto, and those who think with him, that I had made up my mind to resign my situation as Chancellor the very instant your Bye-Law was rejected ; and I communicated this resolution to Doctor McCaul at the time, and long before the subject was taken up by the Senate. Had that event occurred I should have considered you as the imrnediate cause. Of course, you are at perfect liberty to sympathize with, to approve of, or to forward, by any means vou think proper to adopt, the measures intended by the Bishop to vest a despotic University, continually without control, under the name of a " Church University." For my part I cannot fin : language sufficiently strong to reprobate both the attempt and the manner in which that attempt has been so insidioualy conducted. YoBKTiLLE, January iSth, iSoi. Fetes B. de BLAQri^RE. • See note on pace 268 of this Ctrnpter in regard to the Reverend Doctor Beaven's hosUUty as exprewed in his remarks, as inserted in the Minutes oi the King's College Council ot the 24th of April, 1849, page 193 of the Eighth Volume of thia Hiitory. t For Doctor MoCaul's views in regard to the Baldwin University Act of 1849, see pages 195, 196 of the Eighth Volume of this Documentary History. 1851 I continue now to ; namely, that the ind Providence has Religious Instrric- tisfied it can neve- n of the Church of i can have on Reli- le with any such Mration set aside, provided for in the bures should not be r ha.'e seen, if you severe with it. retted that you did public information of the Senate, ex- i founded, and that ;hink I have strong Institution which I agh I have no pros- AME8 BkAVKN. ICTOR BeAVEN. le that I have malde he character of ttie suitable for Upper sd to it. I brought the number, a con Divinity of King's subject of Religious Doctor McCauljt or noment entered my Jniversity in abonii- W8 with which you ipposed, and stated ligion in the Insti- ere introduced ; the hich I suppose you ted before the step le reiectidb of your ; Indeed, I am now ; and I believe the t the time, as to thu irsity with the ohar- ik with him, that I your Bye-Law was and lone before the tisiderecf j'ou as the to forward, by any despotic University, ' part I cannot fin' ;h that attempt has BE JjLAQTTIEKK* BxpreBied in his remarks, tie Eighth Volume of this )6 of the Eighth Volume Chnp. XXIV, PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF VNIYERSITX; OF TORONTO. 271 3. The Reverent Doctor Beavbn to the Honourable Peter B. db Blaqhiere. I am sorry that you cannot perceive that you have made an uftwatrantable use of my name ; a fact, which I imagine most persons would see very clearljr, and what I know has been seen by many. I fully agree with you that it would have been to a certam extent the same, if you had employed the names of the Reverend Doctor McCaul and of the Reverend Professor Murray ; for you would have used their names to bolster up a state of things which they disapprove ; and such a use of them would have been unwarrantable. 140 difference is, that mine is a stronger case, and you ought to have felt that it was stronger ; — that yon were doing me a greater v/rong by such a use of my i\ame ; and that you ought to have felt, that such a use of my name was a wrong to me. I am sorry to write to you in this way, for I respected you a good deal before you came amongst us. You have added to the wrong, by casting upon me the blame of the disposition of the Senate to reject the Evidences of Religion By-law, when all I did was to endeavour to make them understand exactly what it was that I proposed to them. You have added to it still further, by insinuating that I do a thing inconsistent with my character as a Clergyman, in remaining in the University with my present views. It is fortunate for me that most persons are more candid, and do me the justice of confessing, as I do, that I submit to the greatest mortification of my life only because I cannot see my wa)' clear to acting otherwise. I trust that you may never be placed in so painful a position. You are perhaps not aware that I did actually resign my Professorship in August, or September, last ; but, at the instance of Lord Elgin, I took advice on the subject, and, acting on that advice, I remained. Many persons know well that, but for the advice of friends, I should have retired more than a year ago. Toronto, January 20th, 1851. James Bbaven. Bead a Letter from the Honourable the Chancellor to the Secretary to the Senate, dated the Twenty-seventh ultimo, stating, for the information of the Senate, that, in conformity with the Twenty-third Sectionof the University Act of 1849, he had appointed Mr. Thomas G. Bidout, Cas* ier of the Bank of Upper Canada, to be one of the Auditors for the Examination and Audit of the Accounts of the University. The Statute to terminate the Commission of Inquiry into the Aflfairs of King's College, appointed by the Council of King's College on the 20th of July, 1848,* was considered and adopted. March 15th, 1851. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. March 22nd, 1851. Bead a Letter from the Honourable the Chancellor to the Secretary to the Senate, dated the Seventh instant, approving of the Statute for the granting of a Medal to be' given "by him as a Prize for " Evidences of Natural and Bevealed Beiigion." The second reading of the Statute relative to the Matriculation Examination of the Students in the University being resumed the President, seconded by Doctor James H. Bichardson, moved that the said Statute be discussed. (Carried.) The various Clauses wore then respec- tively carried, and the Statute was adopted. The Statute relative to the Fees payable by Students was considered, amended and adopted. Professor Doctor W. B. Nicol, seconded by Professor Doctor James H. Bichardson, moved That the Vice-Chancellor, The President, The Beverend Doctor James Beaven, Doctor W. C. Owynne and Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, be appointed a Committee to enquire into the duties, salaries, and Emoluments of the inferior Officers and Servants of the University. The subject of the Correspondence between the Honourable The Chancellor and the Beverend Doctor James Boaven, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, being taken up,— Professor Doctor James H. Bichardson, seconded by Mr. John Boaf, Junior, moved that a Committee be appointed to enquire into the conduct of, and expression of feeling towards the University on the part of the Beverend Doctor James Beaven, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, particularly, as manifested in the late Correspondence between him and the Honourable The Chancellor, on matters connected with the University and now brought under the notice of the Senate, and that the Committee be composed of the Vice-Chancellor, the President and the Deans of the Faculties of Law and Medicine. (Carried.) March S9th, 1851. Bead the following Letter from the Secretary of the Commission of Inquiry, dated the Twenty-second instant, transmitting a copy of four Besolutions passed by the Commissioners at a Meeting held on that day having reference to a Statute of the Senate of tho Eighth instant, terminating the Commiasion on the First proximo. "I have been instruct'ed by the Oommiuion of Inquiry into the Affairs of King's Cdllege University and Upper Canada Ooliege to transmit to you, for the information of the Senate of the University of Toronto, the enclosed four Besolutions passed by the Commissioners at a meeting held by them this day. ToBONTO, March 22nd. 1851. Fbederiok Booebs, Secretary. ~~ * See pogei 236, 237 of the Seventh Volume of this Documentary Hl8tor>-. 272 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 Resolutions Passed at a Mektino of the Commissioners of King's College Inquiry, on March 22nd, 1851. Beadved, let. That the Senate of the University, having, on the Eighth instant, passed a Statute, ordering that, from and after the First proximo, no further payments be made from the funds of the University, on account of the Salaries of Clerks in the service of the Commission, or for any other purpofo connected with the Inquiry, in which the Commissioners are engaged. The Conimissionera are, therefore, compelled to discharge all persons at present in their employment. "Resolved, 2nd. That, as the diificulties which the Commissioners have liad to encounter, in the prosecution of their inquiry, and by which, its duration, despite their utmost eflforts to accelerate th© work has been protracted beyond their own expectations and wishes, have arisen from the unparalleled irregularity of the University Accounts, and the discrepancy of its Records ; the Commissioners can see no just, grounds for the further retardation of the Inquiry by the Senate, in the enactment of tho Statute above referred to ; especially when, (as the Senate has been recently apprized by the Chair- man,) the work is on the eve of completion. " Reaoived, 3rd. That, notwithstanding the obstructions cast in their way by the passage of the Statute above referred to, the Commissioners will, at their own personal inconvenience, and pecuniary sacrifice, if i?quired, continue the work and bring it to a close, at the earliest possible date. " Redolved, 4th. That, as the Chairman of the Commission, the Honourable Judge Robert Easton Burns, is about to leave this City, for the purpose of attending to his judicial duties, it is expedient, that, in his absence, the labours of the Commission be conducted by the resident Commissioner, Doctor .Joseph Workman, who will take such measures for the prosecution of the work, as may, from time to time, by the said resident Commissioner be found expedient, with a view to the earliest possible com- pletion of the enquiry." Read the Report of the Committee appointed to inquire into the conduct of and expreasion of feeling towards the University on the part of the Reverend Doctor James Beaven, Dean of the Faculty ot Arts, particularly as manifested in the Correspondence between him and the Honourable the Chancellor, on matters connected with the University and brought under th© notice of the Senate. (The Report was received). Mr. John Roaf, Junior, seconded by Professor Doctor W. R, Beaumont, moved that th© Chancellor be requested to call a Special Meeting of the Senate for the purpose of considering the Report just submitted, and of hearing any statement which the Dean of the Faculty of Art& may desire to make thereon. {Carried.) April 5th, 1851. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. April 12th, 1851. This Meeting having been specially summoned to take into consideration the Report of the Committee appointed to enquire into the conduct of the Reverend Doctor Beaven, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, it was moved by Professor Doctor James H. Richaideon^ seconded by Mr. John Roaf, Junior, that the said Report be adopted ; the President, seconded by Doctor J. J. Hayes, moved in amendment, that the said Report be permitted to lie on the T^ble ; with the understanding, that the further consideration of the Report could be resumed, at any future Meeting, four days special notice thereof having been previously given. {(JarrUd.) (Note. — This Report was not among the available University Papers.) The following is a Statement of the Transactions connected with the Property and Effects- of the Toronto University for the quarter ended th© Thirty-first of March, Eighteen Hundi>ed and Fifty one, which was laid before the Senate by the Bursar :— Receipts frmn the Inwstment Fund. £ •. d> Cash in hand on the 31st of December, 1860, per Statement 4,409 16 6^ Instalments on sales of Land 1,296 2 1 Govr, the President Mr. Joseph C. on of the First Be, from time to may be necessary able, or that may by this Building Chap. XXIV. PROCEEDP IS OF THE SENATE OF UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 275 Statute directed, the said Endowment Board are further required, upon the Requisition of the Build- ine Committee of the Senate, hereby appointed, to raise, by w-te of Lands, or otherwise, such sum, or suras, not exceeding in the whole Twenty Thousand pounds, (£20,000,) as may be certified by the Building Committee to be necessary for the completion of the works hereby authorized, at such times as may be necessary to enable the said Committee to fulfil such Contract as may be entered into as aforesaid,— any Statute, or Order, to the contrary notwithstanding. (Cart led.) On motion of the President, seconded by the Vice-Chancellor, the Statute, as amended, was adopted. The Statute relative to the Honourable the Chancellor's proposed gift of a Gold Medal for the encouraRement of the Study of the "Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion," having been read, the various Glauses, the Preamble and Title were respectively carried unanimously, and the Statute was adopted. The Statute to establish a Cycle for the retirement of the Crown and College additional Members of the Senate was adopted. Mr. Joseph C. Morrison, seconded by Doctor J. J. Hayes, moved that the Commission of Visitation be requested to pass a Statute, fixing the amount of Salary payable to the Chairman of the Endowment Board, and to define his duties ; and that the Secretary communicate this Resolution to the Secretary of the Visitation Commission. {Carried.) The Statute relative to the Salary of the proposed Professor of Agriculture, tixine the Salary at Two Hundred and Fifty pounds, (£250,) per annum, was adopted. May 21st, 1851, Read the following Report of the Committee to which had been referred the Memorial of Doctor Gabor Naphegyi.* The Committee on the Memorial of Doctor Gabor Naphegyi, conformably to the desire of the Senate, that they should state the grounds of the recommendation contained in their Report of the Twenty-seventh instant, present a brief view of their proceedings :— On the Thirtieth of April last, the Resolution was passed by the Senate, whereby the Committee was appointed ; and, on the Second of May, the Committee held their first meeting, at which four Members of the Committee were requested to call on the Memorialist, and converse with him on Scit/ntific subjects, with a view to ascertaining the expediency of assenting to the prayer of his Memorial. At the next meeting of the Committee, the grounds of a claim, which, it was understood, Doctor Naphegyi had both publicly and privately advanced to the invention of the hyalotype process, were discussed. On this subject, it appeared to the Committee that the merit of this invention was due to Messieurs Lai-i. lini of Philadelphia, and indeed a perusal, subsequently, of one of the newspapers testimonials in the German Language, contained in the album of the Memorialist, it was ascertained that he had, on the occasion referred to in that paragi-aph, exhibited slides made by those Gentlemen. Certain documents presented by Doctor Naphegyi were also taken into consideration ; among others a Diploma, in the Hungarian language, of the University of Pesth. To this an English translation was affixed ; but even, with this aid, the Committee was unable to pronounce any opinion on the Docu- ment, as there were some obvious discrepancies between the original and the translation, which they could not understand. At that Meeting a sub-Committee of Doctors Croft, Gwynne, King, Nicol and O'Brien was appointed for the purpose of examinining into Doctor Naphegyi's qualifications, particu- larly for the dischorge of the duties which he had stated he was willing to undertake. An enquiry into his plans for establishing a Botanic Garden was made, and Doctor Naphegyi stated that the Garden might be enriched, through his instrumentality, by various specimens obtained in exchange from European collections and mentioned that he had lately found, near the Whirlpool in the Ni^ara River, a very valuable plant, which would command a high price in Europe, namely the Raffleaia Amoldii ; the well known parasitic plant, discovered in Sumatra, and found only in that and the adjoining regions. He also proposed to increase the income of the Botanic garden, by employing part of it as a Nursery Garden, more especially for the production of the Saffron of Commerce, by the cultivation of the Colchicum Autumnale, a plant which has no other connection with the former than the accidental similarity of its common English name, Meadow-Saffron. He also touched on the difference between the Artificial and Natural Systems of Botany, in a manner which induced doubts, that have since been confirmed by his answer to a direct question on the subject. With reference to his qualifications for Curator of the Museum, he offered to prepare artificial minerals, and also to model in wax. The Sub-Committee were unable to test the practical knowledge of Doctor Naphegyi in these departments, as fully as they desired, in consequence of an accident by which his hand was injured. Later, however, he was able to exhibit a preparation in wax, of which it is sufficient to state, that such preparations do not appear calculated to offer any advantage in either the Museum, or the Lecture Room. It was then decided that a short paper, containing simple questions in Botany, should be prepared, and that tho. Memnrialist should be requested to "ive written answers to them. These questions were prepared and handed to Doctor Naphegyi, through the President, who assented to Doctor Naphegyi's desire to write the answers in German, as he expressed apprehensions « I insert the Report of the Committee on this subject because of the special Interest which the case of Doctor Naphegyi excited in Toronto at the time. H 276 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 18A1 E* - ¥ \ f of falling into some error in consequence of his imperfect aoqiiaintance with the English language. His answers were submitted to Professor Croft, who made an English translation of them, as far ai ne could decypher them. This translation was subsequently placea by him in the hands of Mr. Hir . oh- felder, who, although he could not offer any explanation ot the portions which Professor Croft had been unable to decypher, yet fully concurred in the accuracy of tne translation which had been given of the other parts. The Committee beg to subjoin copies of the Questions and Answers, which, they are persuaded will furnish conclusive evidence, that no benefit could result from the employment of Doctor Naphegyi's services in the department of Botany, At a subsequent Meeting the Committee, having taken a review of the whole proceedings, were of opinion that further investigation was unnecessary ; and influenced by motives, which, thev trust, will now be properly appreciated, decided on presenting the brief Report which was submitted to the Senate, on the same day. Toronto, June 4th, 1851. Lucius O'Bbien, Chairman. The Vice-chancellor, seconded by Professor Doctor James SichardBon, moved that the s>>id Report be received. (Corned.) It was also moved, that the said Report be adopted ; whereupon Mr. Joseph C, Morrison, seconded by Mr. John Cameron, moved in amendment, that the said Report be referred back to the Committee, for the purpose of having the reasons stated why the Committee cannot recom- mend the Memorial to tne further consideration of the Senate specifying when and by whom the examination was made and upon what branches. (Xote. The Minutes of the Senate do not state what was done with this amendment.) Professor Doctor John King, seconded by the Honourable Doctor Christopher Widmer, moved in amendment, that the Questions proposed by the Committee to Doctor Ghe honour, by command of the Governor General to acquaint you, (for the informa- tion of the prcper authorities of the University of Toronto,) that His Excellency has been pleased to accept of the Honourable Mr. Hincks' resignation of his office as Chairman of the Endowment Board of the University of Toronto and the Upper Canada and Royal Grammar School, and that His. Excellency has alsa been pleased to accept of Mr. David Buchan 's resigna- tion of his otfioe an a Crown Memhar of the SenAte of that UuivAnuty : and that His Excellency haa been pleased to appoint the latt^er named Gentleman to the office of such Chairman aforesaid. Mr. Buchan has been inwtruoted to transmit to me the names of his necessary Sure- ties, with a view to their being submitted to the Senate of the University, and to the Council of Upper Canada College, for their; approval^ as required by ii3 to arxienu tuc saixie, which amendment was lost, and the original motion was carried. Read a Letter from the Honourable the Chancellor, dated the 2l8t ultimo, on the subject of the payment of certain expenses of the Commissioners of Inquiry into the Affairs of King's College. The Letter was as follows : i f! :■ ?1 I transmit herewith a Coi, munication I have received from Mr. David Buchan, the Chairman of the Endowment Board, enclosing an account of the expenses of the Commission of Inquiry into the affairs of Kings College, under which the Commission was appointed.* I request that you will submit these papers to the Vice-Chancellor, and to state that it appears desirable that a special Meeting of the Senate should be summoned to take the subject into considera- tion. There can be no doubt but that, under the King's College Statute in question, the expenses of the Commission are to be defrayed, when their final Report is made ; and the mode of doing so I conceive mustbeby a Statute of the Senate to that effect, authorizing the Board of Endowment to pay the same ; but I do not think that the Senate are competent, of thei;' own knowledge and authority, to determine what is the amount of remuneration, " usually allowed " "to Commissioners appointed for similar purposes by the Crown," and I would respectfully suggest that the Senate give directions for the transmission to the Provincial Secretary, of the account furnished, in order that His Excellency the Governor General-m-Council mav be pleased to state the sum which is to be paid, and for which" the Senate are to pass a Statute, embracing the whole expenditure. I trust that the result of this Commission is such as will justify the large expenditure incurred in carrying it on ; but, as to which I have not, at present, any means of forming an opinion. Under the Statute of King's College the Warrant for payment of these expenses is directed to be signed " by the Chancellor for the time being "t If the Senate now passes a Statute for the payment. It can set aside that part of the King's College Statute and direct it to be made through the Board of Endowment, in the usual way of other payments. Woodstock, October 21st, 1851. Petes B. de Blaquieee, Chancellor. The Chancellor also Bent a copy of the following Letter which he had addressed on the same day to the Chairman of the Endowinent Board : — I beg leave to acknowledge the receipt of your Letter of the 17th instant with its encbsures. Although the payment of the expenses of the Commission of Inquiry into the affairs of King's College will have to be made through the Board of Endowment, I do not think the same can be done, even when the amount is ascertained, except under the directions of a Statute of the Senate, and the Warrant for the payment of which, (as the Statute of King's College is still in force,) would be signed t ■ J u ^u o' **"" ^^^ *'™^ being, as directed ; but, to prevent unnecessary delay, this can be obviated by the Senate, so wording the intended Statute for payment of the expenses as to set aside that part of the enactment of King's College Statute relating to this matter, and directing the pay- ment to be made by you, as Chairman of the Board of Endowment, in the usual way of other payments. Trusting that the Board and you will agree with me in opinion as to what ought to be done I beg to enclose you a copy of [the foregoing] Letter, which I have addressed to the Secretary of the Senate, and 'vhich I trust will at once put the matter in train of imra jdiate settlemenc. Woodstock, 21st October, 1861. Peter B. de Blaquiere, Chancellor. November 8th, 1851. Professor Doctor W. R. Beaumont, seconded by Professor W. B. Nicol, moyed that the Seventh Rule of the Senate be suspended, and that the Solicitor of the University be requested to give his opinion to the Senate as to the Questions, submitted by the President, to the Law OflScors of the Crown, on the 13th of August last, to which questions no . reply has yet been received. (Oomed.) November Ibth, 1851. The notice of motion, relative to the Reverend Doctor James Beaven, by the Reverend John Jennings, having been brought forward, and the Reverend Doctor Beaven, having spontaneously expressed himself in a satisfactory manner, was withdrawn with the unani- mous consent of the Senate. A Statute was passed authorizing the purchase of Books for the Library in the departmanfc of Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics and other Books recommended by a Committee of the Senate. Read the following Report of the Caput of the University in regard to the Chair of Agri- culture : The Caput reports, that, conformably to Statutes Numbers 21 and 31, passed by the Senate of the University, relative to the Chair of Agriculture, Candidates were notified, by public advertisement, to transmit to, and deposit in, the Bursar's Office their respective Testimonals, on, or before, the First day of August, 1851. ri""""" "'"'*'''/ ^^ ''^'* notice, the following candidates deposited testimonals, videlicet:— Mr. Fyfe, Mr. George Buckland and Mr. H. Y. Hind ; but, during the present week, the last n.imed gentleman has informed the Caput that " it is not his wish to continue a Candidate for the Chair." They have • Neither this Letter from the Chaimirn of the Endowment Board, nor the account enclosed by him, were amonc the Papers of the University to which I had access. They may have been sent to the Provincial Secretary. t See page 287 of the Seventh Volume of this Documentary History. Chap. XXIV. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 283 were among tho consequently returned to Mr. Hind the testimonials, which he had transmitted, and have, in conse- quence, revised the Draft of their Report. After a most careful examination of the documents, submitted by the lemaining Candidates, the Caput is of opinion, that the Testimonials presented by Mr. George Buckland, not only supply most satisfactory evidence of his high qualifications for the Chair of Agriculture, but also are much superior both in number and value to those transmitted by '" Is competitor. . . . Toronto, November, 1851. John MoCaul, Chairman. November 22nd, 1861. Read a letter from Doctor Workman, late Commissioner for inquiry into the Afairs of King's College, as follows : The Honourable Judge Robert E. Burns has placed in my hands a note, dated 22nd of October, 1851, addressed to "the Chairman of Commission of Inquiry, Toronto, bearing your signature, and requesting, on behalf of the Senate of the University of Toronto," a detailed Statement of the cash received from the Bursar of the University and expended " by the Commissioners. . . . I beg to refer you, for the information desired by yon, to the statement furnished by the Com- missioners to the former Bursar on the 17th September, 1850, and to the subseijuent one of the 2Sth July, 1851, furnished to His Excellency the Governor General, and since forwarded to the Chairman of the Board of Endowment.* Toronto, 20th November, 1851. Joseph Workman, M.D. November 29th, 1851. Professor Doctor John King, seconded by Mr. John G. Bowes, moved that an humble Address be presented to His Excellency the Governor General, Visitor of the University, praying that he would be graciously pleased to cause to be laid before this Senate a copy of the Report of the Commission of Visitation, appointed under the provisions of the Act of the Province of 1849, amending the Charter of the University, (12th Victoria, Chapter 82, Section 48,) upon the claims of certain Prc'^ssors, who have been disappointed in their reasonable expectations with respect to the » jnt of their Salaries, or other emoluments. (Carried.) December Qlh, 1851. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. December ISth, 1851. Professor Doctor James H. Richardson, seconded by the Reverend Doctor Michael Willis, moved that Rule Number Seven be dispensed with, and that a Com- mittee be appointed to comm inicate with the Honourable the Chief Justice J. B. Robinson, as Trustee to His Grace the Duke of Wellington, and inquire into the present State of the Wellington Scholarship ; such Committee to consist of the Vice-Chancellor and the Reverend Doctor Michael Willis. (Carried.) December 2(ith, 1851. Read a letter from the Honourable the Chancellor to the Secretary of the Senate, dated the Twelth instant, stating, for the information of the Senate, that ho had appointed Mr. Thomas G. Ridout, Cashier of the Bank of Upper Canada, one of tiie Auditors, in compliance with the University Act of 1849. A Statute, on motion of the Reverend Doctor Egerton Ryerson, was passed to restore to Professor Croft the amount of his House Rent. Read the Report of the Committee appointed to inquire into matters appertaining particularly to Statute Number Twenty-six as follows : — Report of Committee on affairs of Commission of Inquiry into the Affairs of King's College : — The Committee appointed by the Senate to inquire into matters particularly appertaining to Statute Number Twenty-six, respectfully report : — 1. That they have carefully examined the said Statute, and find that it merely suspended payments of monies to the Commissioners and Clerks, or, for the purposes of the commission, which should acrue after April Ist, 1851, and did not otherwise affect the original Statute of King's College, of July, 1848, by which tlie Commission of Inquiry was formed, as to its powers and duties. 2. That they bave also cursiorily examined the Accounts furnished by the Commission, and, whilst they regret the large expenditure incurred by tho Commission, they are, notwithstanding, of opinion that it is expedient to authorize the payment of monies which have accured on account for the purposes of the Commission since April Ist, 1851, by repealing the said Statute Number Twenty-six. 3. That, in the opinion of your Committee, nothing appears in that Statute to prevent the Endow- fijent Raird from p.aying forthwith all expenses of the Commission incurred before April 1st, 1851, devolving on the University. With reference to the amount of compensation to be awarded to the Commissioners themselves, your Committee think that it is evident from the original Statute of King's College appointing the Commission, that such amount must be determined and specified by the Chancellor, for the time being, * For this latter Statement, see page 278 of this Chapter, available. There is no record of the September Statement of 1860 284 BW}i «g i 1 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OP EDUCATION IN UPPKl tJANADA. 1851 by Warrant under his Hand and Seal, provided that such amount shall not exceed that usually allowed to Comniisfiioners appointed for similar purposes by the Crown, in making which determination the Chancellor may be guided by whatever advice he may think proper, or necessary, to consult. 4. Your Committee, in conclusion, would remark, that it is doubtful to them, whether, from the oonstmction of the original Statute, any compensation can be awarded to any one Commissioner for services performed in his individual capacity. 5. And your Committee are of opinion that the value to the University of the sclrviees rendered by the Commissioners does not justify any extra payments not sanctioned by law. And the enormous expenses incurred by the Commission render it desirable that such expenses should not be extended beyond the strict liability of the University, under the original statute of King's College. ToEONTO, 20th December, 1851. James John Hayes, Chairman. Professor Doctor W. R. Beaumont moved, seconded by Professor Doctor James H. Rich- ardson that the first part of the Report, beginning with the words : *' devolving upon the Uni> versity," inclusive, be received and adopted, and that the rest of the Report be referred back to the Committee, and that Committee be increased by ihe addition to it of Doct»r Skeffington Connor and the Reverend ]^octor Ryenfon {Carried.) The Senate having taken up the consideration of the election of a Vice -Chancellor for the ensuing year, agreeably to the Sixth Section of the University Act of 1849, and clause one of Statute Number Twenty-nine, Professor Doctor John King, seconded by Doctor J. J. Hayes, moved that Professor Doctor George Herrick be appointed Vice-Chancellor for the ensuing year. (Lost.) Professor Doctor W. B. Nicol, seconded by the Reverend Doctor James Beaven, then moved that Professor Croft be re-elected Chancellor. (Carritd.) The Reverend Doctor Beaven, seconded by Professor Doctor John King, moved that Mr. Robarts be re-elected Auditor. (Carried.) December 26th, 1861. The Statute to impropriate a sum of money not exceeding One Thousand pounds, (£1,000,) to meet the unpaid expenses of the late Commission of Inquiry into the Affairs of King's College University, and authorizing the Endowment Board to pay out of the said amount the balance of account furnished, for expenses incurred, was read a second time, and the Statute was adopted. The following Letter from the Chairman of the Boird of Endowment was laid before the Senate : — Some time ago I ordered a Return to be made of the Income of the University for the years 1850, 1851, and, as far as possible for the approaching year 1852, that is, of the Rents of leased lots, Interest on sales, Mortgagf-s, Debentures, Rents of Houses, etcetera, due for, and corresponding to, each of those years, irrespective altogether ot what had been, or might be received ; in fact of what we should have been, or shall be, entitled to demand for each of those years, — supposing no arrears to be left at the end of the year succeeding. I have just received the Return with an explanatory Letter from Mr. Nation, who prepared it ; and I have now the honour to enclose, for the information of the Senate, copies of these Documents. It will be observed that there is a sum of Five Hundred pounds, (£500,^ estimated as probably to be received in 1852, from lots which are apparently leased, but from which no Rent, or but a very small sum, has ever been received ; I desired Mr. Nation, in making his Return, to leave out all such lots and to make a separate list of them ; They comprise about one hundred and fifty entire lots, or about thirty thousand acres,— four fifths of which lie East of Toronto ; and of these four fifths, by far the larger portion, is East of the old Newcastle District. The amount of arrears due the first of July last, on Lease, or lots which had been once occupied and supposed to be under lease, and charged accordingly in the Books, and the charges continued, was returned to me as £18,300, 6, 6 and of Interest on purchase money 12 190. 9, £30,670, 14, 6 of this, a considerable sum has been recovered through the Solicitor, and some has, of course, been paid directly into the Office ; but I think it may be fairly considered that the accruing Interest and Rents will quite compensate for the arrears recovered. I may add, that the Endowment Board is increasing the Income every week by t«Ies of Ijands. The Bookkeeper lately furnished me with a return of sales up to the Twenty-fifth of October. The number of acres then sold by the Board was Three Thousand Five Hundred and xuigiity cigiit and orso han acres, the pufchoso riioncy of which suiountcd to iioarly Nine Thou- sand pounds. (£8,663, 17. 8,) giving an average of Nine and eighteen-one hundredths of a dollar per acre. There have been many sales made since, but owing to a great pressure of work in the Office, they have not yet been posted. Toronto, December 20th, 1861. David Bcchan, Chairman. * For the original Statute of King's College, see page 237 of the Seventh Volume of this Documentary History. 1861 usually allowed )tennin&tion the consult. ether, from the omniissioner for Srvices rendered ad the enormous lot be extend>)d Bge. , Chairman. ames H. Rioh- upon the Uni> eferred back to bor Skeffington neellor for the 1 clause one of yv J. J. Hayes, le ensuing year. B Beaven, then loved that Mr. exceeding One of Inquiry into i to pay out of read a second laid before the • the years 1850, ied lots, Interest ling to, each of ' what we should rears to be left ho prepared it ; se Documents. .ted as probably t, or but a very ave out all such y entire lots, or Jur fifths, by far had been once ind the charges 0, 6, 6 Q. 9,0 [), 14, 6 has, of coarse, t the accruing aek by sales of Fwenty-tifth of e Hundred and riy Nine Thou- idths of a dollar of work in the Chairman. • Historj'. Chap. XXV. PROCEEDINGS OF BOARD OF ENi )WMENT UNIVBRSITY OF TORONTO. 285 f ^^APTER XXV. PROCEEDINGS OF THE bOARD OF ENDOWMENT OF THE UNIVER^ SITY OF TORONTO AND OF UPPER CANADA COLLEGE, 1851. I have only selected these items from the Proceedings of the Endowment Board that appeared to be of public interest. Some details I have also given, in order to illustrate the " methods" of the Board, in dealing with all questions, (large or small,) of a financial nature, even although they might be, in themselves, of lesser public interest. I have given none of the items in the Minutes of the Board relating to the Sale of the Lands of the University, or kindred matters, — they being chiefly ordinary routine business. January 2nd, 1851. It was ordered that Requisition Books for the University and Upper Canada College be prepared by the Honourable J. Hillyard Cameron, a Member of this Board Ordered, That Communications be sent to the Senate and Upper Canada College, informing these Bodies that Mr. Alan Cameron has been appointed Bursar and also Secretary to this Board ; he having proposed as his Sureties Messieurs Henry Boys, Henry Bowsell and Charles Jones : also Colonel Muter. The Bursar was directed to request the Professors to state the amount of Fees received by them during the past year. January 6th, 1851. The Members present were not sufficient to form a Quorum. January 9th, 1861. Ordered That an assurance for Two Thousand pounds (£2,000,) in the name of Upper Canada College be effected on the four Buildings occupied by the Masters of Upper Canada College, that is to say. Five Hundred pounds, (^500,) on each Building with the Provincial Mutual Insurance Company. Mr. Joseph C Morrison named as his Sureties, as Member of the Endowment Board, Doctor Skeffington Connor and Mr. Angus Morrison, The Secretary was directed to transmit these names to the Senate. January I5th, 1851. Read a Letter from Mr. De la Haye, refeiring to the Collectorship of Upper Canada College arrears ; and it was ordered, that the Secretary reply to Mr. De la Haye. enclosing to him a copy of Resolution Number Nine of the Thirtieth of September, 1850, and also expressing, as the opinion of the Board, that the arrears of Upper Canada College were to be collected by him. Ordered, That the items in the Requisition Book, Numbers 12 to 23, inclusive, be paid and acquitted. January I6th, 1851. Read a letter from the Principal of Upper Canada College, enclosing a Minute Number Five of the Council of Upper Canada College ; Ordered, That the Bursar inform Mr. De la Haye that it is the desire of this Board that he shall use his best endeavours to collect the old arrears of Upper Canada College, before the first of April next, and immediately thereafter, the accounts of all persons, then in arrears, be sent to the Solicitor for collection. Ordered, That an Insurance be effected in some substantial Office for the Amount of Twelve Hundred and Fifty pounds, (£1,250,) on the Medical Building of the University,lately erected. January 20Wi, 1851. Ordered, That the Bonds of the Bursar for the due performance of his duties be approved and sent to the Solicitor ; and that the Bursar have them executed. Ordered, That the amounts entered in the Requisition Book, Numbers 25, 30 to 36, inclusive, be paid and acquitted. January 2ird, 1861 . The following Minute was entered in the Book : — The Endowment Board desire to report, for the information of the Senate : — That the Bursar, under the direction of the Board, has prepared a Schedule of all the Lands belonging to the University unsold (uid under Lease, for the purpose of a valuation of the respective lots, in order to comply with the sixth clause of the Statute Number Ten* of the Senate ; these Lands being scattered over the * None of the original Statutes of the University e X pressed. available, so that cannot fpye the terms in which these named ar , i' *'*«. I' Wm 286 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 various Townships of the Upper Province,* it is impossible for the Board to arrive at any satis- factory approximation of their value in a short space of time, without incurring considerable expense by the employment of competent agents to ascertain, by personal inspection, the position and quality of the Lands. The applications in the Office of the Bursar for levsing, or purchasing, the Lands of the University amoi' to perhaps one thousand cases, not one of which can the Board determine, until a valuation, in pursuance of the Senatatorial Statute, is laid before the Senate for its approval. The Board would, therefore, beg leave most respectively to suggest to the Senate, that, in order to dispose of a large number of the cases of the applicants forthwith, the Endowment Board be authorized, from time to time, to dispose of applications, subject to the ratiBcation of the Senate, or to adopt such other mode to facilitate the business of the Office, as to the Senate may seem best. January i7th, 1851. Bead a Letter from Mr. Clarke Gamble, Solicitor, requesting author- ity to use the name of Upper Canada College in a suit for the Heirs of Taylor Bagland, to recorer Lands in March Street, Toronto. It was ordered that the Letter be sent to the Solicitor, with instructions for him to see Mr. Clarke Gamble, and to give the authority required, unless he is of opinion that the College should not do so. January 3(Hh, 1851. Ordered, That the Secretary reply to all parties indebted to the University, or to Upper Canada College, who have requested forbearance for the payments of Principal, Interest, or Bent, due to these Institutions, and state that, as the University and Upper Canada College mainly depend upon the punc'^ual payment of Interest and Bent for their Bevenue, the Endowment Board cannot, under any circumstances, permit either Interest or Bent to remain over due ; and that all cases, in which default is made, will be placed in the hands of the Solicitor for immediate collection. Febrvury Srd, 1851. Bead a Letter from the Chancellor to the late Bursar, requesting that the Endowment Board should be applied to for permission to have the amount of " Chancellor's fees " accruing to him, as Chancellor, paid to an account to be opened under that name, so as to form a future prize Fund ; ordered accordingly. Febrtiary Qth, 1851. Ordered, That the Secretary Bursar do apply to the Bank of Upper Canada for a correct Statement of the Debentures belonging to the University and Upper Canada College in its custody and that the same be entered in a Book, and signed by the Cashier of the Bank and the Bursar ; and, that all Debentures received, or redeemed, be entered in such Book in a similar manner for the future. The Board read a Letter from Mr. G. A. Barber, City School Superintendent, asking for information as to the leasing of the Central School House. It was ordered, that the Central School House be rented to the City Board of School Trustees, as yearly tenants, at Twenty ; payable quarterly. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. No business of any public importance was transacted. Beceived and read a Communication from the Secretary to the Commission "of Visitation, requesting a detailed Statement of the Expenditure of the University for the past year and also a Statement of the quantity of Lands forming the Endowment, the situation of there lands, the quantity under lease, and the condition of the leases ; It was, — Ordered, That such Statements be prepared and transmitted to the Commissioners as soon as prepared, and that the Buraar —Secretary do write to this effect to the Commissioners. Beceived and read a Communication from the Commissioners of Inquiry Into the affairs of King's College. (Not available). Fehruary 20*/i, 1851. The Secretary-Bursar reported that the sum of Five Thousand pounds, (£6,000,) stood to the Credit of the " University Investment Fund;" whereupon it was ordered that the Bursar — Secretary do ascertain from Beceiver General on what terms Deben- tures for that sum, in amounts of Five Hundred pounds, (£500,) each can be obtained, and report the same to the Board. In reference to the Order of Board to let the Central School House to the City School Board of Trustees, and a Letter from Mr. Barber, the City School Superintendent, thereon, requesting that the sum of Twenty-five pounds ,(£26,) be allowed in r^^airs on the School House; It was, — Ordered, That one year's Bent be allowed, to the (its Board of School Trustees, on furnish- ing this Board with the proper vouchers, shewing that the sum of Twenty pounds, (£20,) had been so expended. pounds (£20,) per annum February lOth, 1851. February I3th, 1851. February 17th, 1851. * A list of the Municipal Districts in wliich the University Lands were situated will be found on page 205 of the First Volume of this Documentary History. Chap. XXV. PROCEEDINGS OF BOARD OF ENDOWMENT UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 287 «e 206 of the First February 2Uh, 1861. Read a Oommunioatton from Mr. Oharles Daly, wishing to be informed, in behalf of the Trustees of the Western Market, if this Board would accept a Deben- ture of the City of Toronto fur the sum of One Hundred pounds, (£100, ) in lieu of Scrip issued by the Trustees ; and now held by the Board. It was, — Ordered, That tmch Debenture be accepted and the Scrip be delivered up to the Market Trustees, to be cancelled. Btiad a Communication f^om the Receiver General, on the subject of the Resolution of the Board at its last Meeting for the purchase of Debentures to the amount of Five Thousand pounds, (;£5,000,) it was, — Ordered, That the Bursar do inquire if Debentures can be obtained from any other source, before any answer is transmitted to the Receiver General. Ordered, That all arrears of Rent and Interest due upon the property of the University and Upper Canada College, in the City of Toronto, which were ordered to be collected by the first of February, and which still remain unpaid, be placed by the Bursar in the Solicitor's hands for collection. The Bursar having laid on the Table the Statement required by the Commission of Visita- tion ; it was, — Ordered, That the same be transmitted to the Secretary of the Commission. The report of the Solicitor on the account of the late Solicitor, Mr. J. E. Small, was taken up by the Board, and it was ordered that the Solicitor do forthwith proceed to obtain from Mr. Small the balance admitted to be due by him, as stated in the Solicitor's Report of the Seven- teenth of December, 1850 ; and that he inform Mr. Small that the Board cannot accede to his request to take a Mortgage for the balance, as the Board considered that the amount should be paid at once, being a balance of monies actually received by him in his Office as Solicitor to the I'niversity. February 27th, 1861. No business of any public interest was transacted. ' March Srd, 1861. No business of any public interest was transacted. March 6th, 1861. No business of any public interest was transacted. March 10th, 1851. Ordered, That the Bursur do prepare a return of the amount of monies received on account of the University and Upper Canada College respectively, distinguishing Income from Investment, during the year ending the Thirty-first day of December, 1860 ; also the amount of expenses chargeable to the joint account of both Institutions and lay the same before the Board at the next Meeting. March 13th, 1861. No business of any public interest was transacted. March 17th, 1851. Read a supplemental Report from the Solicitor, on the subject of the late Solicitor, Mr. James E. Small's debt, in which report the Solicitor states his opinion that Mr. Charles C. Small remains liable to the University for the sum of One Hundred and Seventy pounds, two shillings, (£170, 2, 0,) and interest, which that Gentleman claims to have been arranged as payable by the late Solicitor ; It was, — Ordered, That the Solicitor communicate to Mr. Charles C. Small, and state that the Univer- sity louks to him for that amount, and for the balance due by him for Frincipal ; and, in the event of refusal to settle the same, to take steps to enforce payment. Ordered, That a Return of all Debentures held by the University, falling due before the first of July, 1856, be laid before the Board by the Bursar at its next Meeting. March ^vih, 1861. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. March 24th, 1831. Ordered, That the sum of Five Thousand pounds, (£5,000,) be invested in Government Debentures, and that Five Thousand, One Hundred and Seventy pounds, (£5,170,) of Debentures, shortly to become due, be offered to the Government for redemption, in pursur- ance of the Receiver General's proposal and that that amount be invested in like Debentures. Ordered, That all Notes past due, on the first day of January, 1861, be placed in the Solici- tor's hands for collection. March 27th, 1861. Ordered, That a cheque be issued payable to the Receiver General, for Five Thousand pounds, (£5,000,) to be invested, as per Order of last Meeting. Debentures to be in sums of Five Hundred pounds, (£500,) each ; and, as the whole amount is Ten Thousand One Hundred and Seventy pounds, (£10,170,), one Debenture may be for a sum of Six Hundred and Seventy pounds, (£670), or One Hundred and Seventy pounds, (£170,), as the Receiver General may direct ; The Receiver General to account for interest due on the Deben- tures to be redeemed from the date of the last payment until the day of redemption. Ordered, That the Secretary obtain from the Bank of Upper Canada Debentures Numbers 346, 243, 236, ,240, 203, 351, 242, 1, 203, 143, and 3, amounting in all to Five Thousand, One 188 DOCUMENTARY QISTOBY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 UaDdre4 and S«Tenty pounds, (£5,170,) fckese Debentures to be redeemed by the Govern- Ordered, That ao aoon as the Secretary shall receive from the Receiver General Pebentures for the Ten Thousand, One Hundred and Seventy pounds, (£10,170,) he shall deposit the tame vijth the Bank of Upper Canada, taking a receipt for the same, with a statement of the amount and numbers of the Debentures. March 3lst, 1851. Ordered, That the Solicitor be requested to give his opinion as to which Institution the proceeds of the Lands conveyed to King's College by Mr. George A. Barber, in liquidation of his debt due to Upper Canada College, ought to be applied. In the present case, the Laod was sold in 1811, — payable by instalments and entered in the Books of Upper Canada College. An amount of interest is now received on that purchase to whom should it go 7 The Board having taken into consideration the division of the expenses of the Bursar's OfiSce and that of the Endowment Board, and charges entered in the joint management account for the past year ; it was, — Ordered, That one fourth of the whole amount, excepting the amounts paid to the Membeis of the Board, be debited to Upper Canada College, and three-fourths thereof to the University; and that, for the past year the amounts paid to the Members of the Board respectively, be charged to the respective Institutions which they represent, and, as the Bursar reports, that the amounts paid to the Members of the Board on the Thirty-first day of December, were charged to the University, the Bursar is directed td debit Upper Canada College with the amounts then paid to the College Members. April 3rd, 1851. No business of any public interest wai transacted. April 1th, 1851. The Secretary having laid before the Board a Communication from Doc- tor Joseph Workman, on the subject of access, by the Commissioners of Inquiry into the Affairs of King s College, to the Books of the University and Upper Canada College, and bis answer thereto, declining to furnish such access, without reference to the Senate ; it was, — Besdved, That the Bursar and Secretary do inform Doctor Workman that the Commission- ers of Inquiry may have access to the Books required in the same manner, as before the passing of the recent Statute of the Senate, but otherwise subject to its provisions. The Bursar reported that he had lodged in the Bank of Upper Canada Debentures from the Receiver General to the amount of Five Thousand pounds, (£5,000,) and that he had received from that Bank Debentures to the amount of Fiftv One Thousand pounds, (£51,000,) with Ninety Five pounds seven shillings and five pence, (£95.7.5,) interest due thereon, and lodged the same with the Receiver General for the issue of new Debentures. April 10th, 1861. April nth, 1861. April Uth, 1861. April nth, 1851. April 22nd 1861. April 24,th, 1851. April 28th, 1861. May Ut, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. May 5th, 1851. Ordered, That the Chairman siitn the Annual Report, and that the Secretary transmit the same to the Senate and a duplicate to the Provincial Secretary. May 8th, 1851. The late Solicitor, Mr. James E. Small, having appeared before the Board, and the Board ha/ing taken into consideration the Claim against him, as reported by the pre- sent Solicitor, on the Ninteenth of December, 1850, it was, — Ordered, That Mr. Small, upon giving proper security for the payment of the Claim against him, be allowed the forbearance, as mentioned in the Minute of the Solicitor, appended to the Report, such Security being a Mortgage, with power of Sale, upon default of payment of any instalment. Ordered, That the Cashier of the Bank of Upper Canada be requested to direct that the number of all checks paid be entered in the Bank Books of the University and Upper CHnada- College, instead of the names of payees ; and that all amounts paid to the credit of these lusti- tutiOus uo e^i2iuit tzic naiucs oi tiic parties p&ylug, Or dcpositiiig, tho satQQ ; and all amount^ received by the Bank, as Agent, should specify whether the same be Interest on Debentures, dividend of Stock, or otherwise, as may be. May 12th, 1861. No business of any public interest was transacted. May yuh, 1851. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. Chap. XXV. PROCEEDINGS OF BOARD OF ENDOWMENT UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 289 y the Govern- May 9th, 1861. No businoss of any public interest was transacted. May 23r(2, 1851. No business of any public interest was trantiacted. May 26th, 1851. Ordered, That the Chairman of this Board direct and see that all monies received on account of the University or Upper Canada, College shall immediately, before Three o'clock, be deposited daily in the Bank, to the respective credits of these Institutions, unless the aggregate sum in hand shall not exceed the sum of Fifty pounds, (£50.) Ordered, That the accounts of Upper Canada be made out from the first of July, 1860, to the Twelfth of August, 1860 inclusive, and also from the Thirteenth of August to the Thirteenth of September, 1860, and the same be laid before the Board. May 29th, 1861. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. May 30th, 1861. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. MaySlst 1851. Ordered, That the Secretary draw the attention of Mr. De la Haye to the Order of this Board, under date the Sixteenth of January, 1861, respecting the arrears due to Upper Canada College, and that he inform that Gentleman that it is the desire of the Board that he transmit a Return forthwith to the Board of all persons in arrears, and the respective amount due by each. June 2nd, 1861. Mr. David Buchan appeared, produced his Commission, as Crown Mem- ber and Chairman of the Board, and took his seat. Ordend, That the Bank of Upper Canada be notified of Mr. David Buchan's appointment as Chairman, and that, in future, cheques on the Bank will be signed by him. Ordered, That the Board shall meet regularly twice a week, on Mondays and Thursdays, at Three o'Clock P.M. If no Quorum be present at twenty minutes past Three o'Clock, the names of the Members present shall be entered in the Minute Book, and the Board may adjourn. The Chairman of the Board, if occasion requires, may call a special Meeting of the Board at any time. June bth, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. June 9th, 1 851. Mr. Drummond's Bond, signed by himself and Mr. Duncan McDonell and Mr. John Hutchinson, as his Sureties, was laid on the Table, and ordered, \-ith all bonds by parties connected with the Endowment Board, to be lodged with the Bank ol Upper Canada. June 12th, 1851. Ordered, i'hat Two Thousand pounds, (£2,000,) be invested for the Uni- versity in Government Debentures, with Coupons, bearing six per cent, interest, and that Five Hundred pounds, (£500,) for Upper Canada College, to meet which, items in the Requisition Book Numbers 344 and 345 were ordered to be paid. The Exchange of a Lot in Bastard for one in Zorra, proposed by the Crown Lands Depart- ment was authorized to be carried out. June Hth, 1851. The Accounts of the University and of Upper Canada College were gone into and the investigation concluded, and it was, — Ordered, That these Accounts, together with the Statement of Balances on the 31st of May, 1861, be engrossed in the Register of Reports and Returns. The engrossed annual Report in regard to Upper Canada College, in duplicate, was ordered to be signed by the Chairman, and one copy sent to the College Council and the other to the Provincial Secretary, in terms of the University Act of 1849. Ordered, That a correct list of the Debentures, Notes and other obligations, or Securities, the same as that of thirty-first of May last, be prepared. Jtine 16th, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. Jnne 19th, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. June 20th, 1851. There being a full Meeting of the Board to-day the question was consid- ered whether the Board had now the power to sell University Lands without reference to the Senate ; it was, — Eesolved, That such power is, conferred upon the Board by the Senattaorial Statute Number Thirty two. (Note. None of these old Statutes are available.) Jwne 23rd, 1851. With reference to Doctor McCaul's application, in Letters of the Tenth of April and the Twenty-first of June, 1861, on the subject of the distribution of the surplus inter- -« J.'_ USl ill Li: Ordered, That, before making any such distribution, the Honourable Chief Justice Robin- son, as the Trustee of said Scholarship, be written to, to ascertain whether he concurs in such distribution, and in reference to the future destination of .said Scholarship. June 26th 1861. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. 19 D.E. % :j ,?! ft. I I ilH 290 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 w m June 30th, 1851. Dootor J. J. Hayes desired it to be recorded that, in voting for the pay. ment of item 419, in the "Legislative Book," he does not claim for this Board the right to appoint a successor to Doctor Boys, late Bursar, — he wishing that the question to be decided by the Senate of the University and the Council of Upper (^nada College ; The Chairmain also wished it to be understood that in thus, for the first time, voting on the question, he did not, in any way, commit himself to an appropriation of the Resolutions under which that appropriation is made. (Note. This payment was most likely the one made to Doctor Boys on his retirement from the office of Bursar.) The Chairman was desired to communicate with the Senate in reference to the payment of Members of the Board for actual attendance, when there was no Quorum ; also, in reference to the Secretary of the Senate, in similar circumstances, as regards that Body. Ordered, That the Chairman call upon the Cashier of the Bank of Upper Canada to request permission to overdraw the Upper Canada College account this Quarter. Jtdy 3rd, 1851. Ordered, That the Solicitor be written to to ascertain from him whether Mr. James E. Small has arranged for the payment of the debt due by him to the University. July 7th, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. Jnly 10th, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. July 14tth, 1851. A Deputation, which was sent to Port Hope in regard to the University property in that Town, reported what they had done with a view to bring that property into the market. Ordered that as soon as there is One Thousand pounds, (£1,000,) of University Investment Funds in hand, application be made for the purchase of Debentures of the kind hitherto obtained. Jvly I7th, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. . J\dy ilst, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. ^ July 2Uh, 1851. A Letter was laid on the Table from the President, of the University, without date, communicating the following Order of the Caput : — That application be made to the Board of Endowment, relative to the information requir' ed by the Provincial Secretary, regarding the Professors, and other persons, who received Salaries, or other emoluments from the late University of King's College, up to the present time,— distinguishing in each year the amount of their respective Salaries and emoluments. Ordered, That the request of the Caput be at once complied with, in so far as relates to the time, during which the affairs of the University have been under the management of the Board, and that the action of the Senate be waited for, in regard to the Inquiry into King's College Affairs, it being known that a similar application from the Provincial Secretary had been received on behalf of the Senate. A further report was made to the Board by the Deputation sent to Port Hope in regard to the University Property there. Jnly 26th, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. July 3ist, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. AxiQust Uh, 1861. No business of any public interest was transacted. August 7th, 1851. The question of the period from which the increase in the President's Salary and allowance for House rent should begin'was brought before the Board at the instance of Doctor McCaul ; he claiming that the late Statute of the Senate should operate from the first of January last, and not merely from its date, it was, — ^ Ordered, That the Opinion of the Solicitor be obtained on the subject. Av^mt nth, 1851. The Solicitor's Opinion on the question of the late increase to the President's Salary and allowance for House Rent was laid before the Board. It was Ordered, That a copy of the Opinion be sent to Doctor McCaul, with an explanatory Letter. (Note. Thf.t opinion was adverse to Doctor McCaul's claim.) August Uth, 1851. The Solicitor's Bill for the Quarter ending the Thirtieth of June, 1851, <«.Aa 4>oUAn ^v^i*/^ CwHsidi^rAtion b" the Board 'particularly' his observation at the foot of the Bill- in reference to " Retainers" in several suits brought for Upper Canada College property in March Street, Toronto. "The Board considered it advisable, before making any order for the amount to be paid, to draw the Solicitor's attjention to the nature and extent of the business that would require to be transacted for the University and College and to express their opinion that where suits were brought on behalf of either of those Institutions no "Retainer" should be charged, Chap. XXV. PROCEEDINGS OF BOARD OF ENDOWMENT UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 291 at appropriation retirement from anada to request I the University, brmation requir* M, who received [ope in regard to >perate from the August 26th, 1851. August 2Sth, 1851. Oeptember 1st, 1851. unless Counsel were 8p^< iilly employed by the Board, nor any charge made for services as be- tween Attorney and C i which is not taxable against the opposite party. Ordered, That this Minute be communicated to the Solicitor. Ordered, That the Chairman of the Building Committee of the Medical Building be applied to for an account of the quantity of building materials taken from those lying on the grounds, and used in the erection of the Building. A request for an extension c ime for the payment of his debt having been made by Mr. George S. Boulton it was, — Ordered, That a confession of Judgment be taken for the whole amount, with interest up to date, — notes to be given, with interest as collateral security. Augmt 18th, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. No business of any public interest was transacted. Ordered, That Messieurs J. P. Ridout, J.J. Hayes and the Chairman make enquiry respecting suitable and more central accommodation for an Office of the Board than that now occupied, and that they report to the Board as early as convenient. September Sth, 1851. Ordered, That the Bookeeper proceed to make up the Books of the Commission of Inquiry to the Thirtieth of June last. A Quorum of the Board having visited Port Stanley in regard to University Lands in that vicinity reported the result of their visit, and action was taken thereon. September 10th, 1861. No business of any public interest was transacted, except that Members of the Board visited Port Hope, in regard to University lands in the Township of Hope. September llth, 1851. Ordered, That the Solicitor be instructed to proceed against the following parties for recovery of arrears and ejectment from the premiaes, if neccessary ; namely, the Honourable James Crooks, Number 5, Concession, 3 of Flambourgh West, (Number 408 of Requisition Book,) and Mr. Robert P. Crooks, West 46x38 feet of Lot Number 2, Block D, south side of March Street, Toronto, (Number 397 in the Requistion Book). September 2dth, 1851. The Solicitor's Letter of the Twenty-first of August last, in reply to the Minute of the Fourteenth of August, was read by the Board. It was, - Ordered, That the Solicitor be allowed a foe of Twelve pounds, ten shillinats (£12-10-0,) for the services performed in the ejectment suits referred to in his account and his Letter above noted, and that he be, at the same time, informed, that the Board adheres to its Minute of the Fourteenth of August, except in cases to be specially brought under its consideration. It was further, — Ordered that, ir. matters within the jurisdiction of the Division Courts, the necessary proceedings for the recovery of amounts due to the University and College shall be taken through the Endowment Board Office, without the intervention of the Solicitor, in consequence of the and responsibility likely to be caused by their collection, Ordered, That the Chairman communicate to the Senate and to the Council of Upper Canada College, that the Board of Endowment consider it necessary to have a new Office for the manage- ment of the University and College business, in a more central position in the City, and where a more commodious Safe can be had ; and that they wish to be informed whether the Senate and College Council desire to have any, and what, accommodation in the Building. October 2nd, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. October 6th, 1861. Read a letter received from the Solicitor of this date, enclosing one from Mr. Hagarty, Solicitor to the Law Society, regarding certain claims on the College Avenue. Ordered, That the Solicitor be instructed to prepare a case on which to give his own opinion. October 10th, 1851. The Members present were not sufficient to constitute a Quorum. October 13th, 1861. Ordered, That a list of the unsold lots in the City belonging to the University and Upper Canada College be prepared and handed to Messieurs Dixon and Trotter, Assessors for the City, with instructions to furnish the Board with their opinions of the value thereof. October 14th, 1851. No business of public interest was transacted. October 16th, 1861. Read a Letter from the Provincial Secretary, in reference to the pay- ment of the account of the Commission of Inquiry into the AflFairs of King's College. Tt was, — Ordered, That the attention of the Senate be called to the effect of their Statute, suspending all payments of Salaries to the Clerks of the Commissi'^n of Inquiry, after the first of April last with a request that said Statute be repealed. Order( irther that the Chairman communicate 202 DOCUMENTARY UISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 IM with the Chancellor regarding the payment of the allowanoea to the OommiMionera of this Inquiry. The following Letter waa, therefore, sent to the Senate by the Chairman : — I have the honour to enoloae for the information of the Senate, a Letter which I received from the Provincial Secretary on the subject of the payment of the account of the Commission- ers of Inquiry into the Affairs of King's College. The Endowment Board had the subject under consideration, when the Members thought it advisable to communicate with the Senate in regard to it. I have, therefore, been instructed to call the attention of the Senate to their Statute, suspending all payments of Salaries to the Clerks of the Commission of Inquiry after April last, and to request that the Statute may be repealed, with as little delay as possible. Toronto, 17th October, 1851. David Buchan, Chairman. October 20th, 1861. No business of any public interest was tra: oted. October 27th, 1851. No businera of any public interest was transacted. October 30th, 1851. Read a Communicition from the Solicitor, enclosing a proposal from Mr. J. E. Small, late Solicitor, to liquidate the claims of the University against his Brother and himself by certain City Debentures and Public Debt Debentures; It was, — Ordered, That Mr. J. E. Small be asked whether he intends to sell them at the Market value, or at par. Bead a Letter from the Chancellor, requesting that the Board would remit to England the price of the Chancellor's Medal, and charge the amount against the Chancellor's foes received, or to be received, this year, and, if the amount of fees did not cover the remittance, he would transmit the balance ; It was, — Ordered, That the Chancellor be respectfully informed that the Board regret they cannot comply with his request, having no authority to make such a payment. November 3rd, 1851. No business of any public interest was transacted. November Qth, 1861 . November 10th, 1851. November 13ih, 1851. November 17th, 1851. November 20th, 1851. November 24b«r of ofMtsor<* therein be necessary. IX. What ReguUtiouB *^»" ^< ^nlient for the purpose of securing the attendance of UnderKradui as ann '* adonts u . Worship m Uieir respective Churohes, and other PlHces of Worship, and f»r -mt , u '^^hein the bfneflt ^ lUligious Instruction from their respet'five Ministers, and »««Mfdiug to th. ' respective touaa of Faith. The CoHiiniasioners wul be thankful to eceive your suggestions, eiriier orally, or in writing, as may be most agf»»»M»: t» you at your earliest oonvtinienoe. Toronto, 28th of Jaouitry 1861. John Buhmh, Seoretnry of no Commission. Note. — The foUuwifi« particulars, relating to the present otttabliabment, is sent for your information : — PROFBSHORS IN THE FaOIL,»¥ Or AlWS :— The Reverend Doctor John Mc(J^ ul. Professor of Olassioal Litei.iture, Belles Lettres, Logic and Rhetoric— Salary, £450. The Reverend Doctor James Beavan, Professor of Metaphysics and Moral PhilosoDhT.— Salary, £460. *^ ' The Reverend Robert Murray, M.A., Professor of Mathematics. —Salary, £450. Doctor Henry H. Croft, Professor of Ohemistry and Experimwncal Philosophy.— Salary, Professors in the Faculty of Medicime : — Doctor William C. Owynne, Professor of Anatomy and Physiology.— Salary, £326. Doctor John King, Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine.— Salary, £260. Doctor NVilliam R. Beaumont, Professor of Principles and Practice of Surgery.— Salary, x«oO. \ Doctor George Herrick, Professor of Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children.— Salary, £250. Doc )r William B. Nicol, Professor of Materia Medica and Pharmacy.— Salary, £260. Doifc,^Luer'^^ O'Brien, Professor of Medical Jurisprudence.— Salary, £260. Doctor JaQ. H. Richardson, Professor of Practical Anatomy, and Curator of the Ana- tomical and Pathological Museum. —Salary, £350. Profbshors in UK Faculty or Law— Doctor Skeffingtnn Connor, Professor of Law and Jurisprudence. — Salary, £260. The Commissioners beg leave to mention that the changes which have been most pressed rpon their attention as, at once, necessary to the efficiency of the Institution, and possibly attainable with the present income are the following : — Additional Professors in the Faculty of Arts, videlicet :— Professor of Natural Philosophy, Professor of Natural History, Professor of Modem Languages, Professor of Agriculture ; a School of Engineering. (Note. No copies of the Replies to this Circular of the Visitation Commis- sion are available.) RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION OF STUDENTS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO.* Arrangements, providing for tL j Religious Instruction of the J^tudents of the Univepj^tj ol Toronto, similar to those which are in operation in the Normal Sciiool, Toronto, were irvn'il* ia May, 1851, by the Visitation Commission of the University. The Statute on the subjt ' i8 m tollows : — Ist. Be it enacted. That Candidates for matriculation, who, at the time of their applications, may be Students of any Affiliated College, must be furnished with Testimonials from their re- spective InstitutionH, and, wpon .?.r' -t^ssion to the University, shall be described as belonging thereto. 2nd. And be it enacted, Tha»- tht- "; as of the particular Religious Denoiv: ^cV.'.ts, c^on matriculation, shall either be designated i \:ct ^prl^l.Al they belong ; or, without any such desig- fj. . • v.f>apg|.^,{.>4- "^ ■-- " '• T^a«.AMi>M •*a ^r any De,'. a, who, at the time of suclj applica- tion, may be Students of any such Ainliated College, shall be required before admission to such Degree, to produce Testimonials from their respective Colleges. * Copied from the Jounml of Education for Upper Canada, for May, 1861. 1861 Chap. XXVII. REMINISCENCES OF SUPERANNUATED SCHOOL TBACHEH8. 390 P Artii would b« the public ; or, le attendance of oheH, and other :ion from their f, or in writing, ommiMion. • lent for your ■ Lett res, Logic Philosophy. — 450. lophy. — Salary, , £326. £250. rgery. — Salary, id Children. — ry, £260. or of the Aua- 250. I most pressed 1, and possibly al Philosophy, Agriculture ; a on Commis- TOROKTO.* Univei^ifcy c{ were rrvuli* i Bubjt ' .f .J ir applications, from their re- 1 as belonging ' be designated ny such desig- 3. I such applioa- lission to such 4th. iffnated, upon wJents of such And he it nmeied. That it ihall be oom|>etent for the Constituted Authorities of any Ohurch, or Religious Denomination, from time to time, to api)oint a Olergyman, or Minister, to the ofHce of Superintendent of Ueligio w Instruction, to be called the Professor of Divinity of such Religious Denomination, or by such othur title «« any such Denomination ">»y nelect ; who, upon such appointment, shall have the spiritual char), and care of all Studi- matriculation, as belonging to such Religious Deno nation other than ♦ Affiliated College, as hereinbefor- provided. 6th. And be it enacted, Tha. each Professor of ».vinlty, so appointed, shall hitve power, with the occurrence of the authority making suoh appointment, to presc ' Regulations for the Religious Instruction of the Students under his ct»f . and for m< iring tut..r regular attendance upon Divine Worship ; suoh Regulations, before tning into toret), shall be laid before the Caput of the University, and certified by them as not interfering with the general discipline of ;he University ; but, in case the Caput shall find that the i»»iid Regulations do interfere with •k the same to such Professor of the University . such discipline, in suoh case, they shall have power to send h Divinity for reconsideration and amendment, in that respect. 6th. And he it enacted. That the President of the University shall cause a list of the names of all the Students under the spiritual charge of each Professor to be fuminhed to such Professor after each matriculnUon. 7th. iad be it i --ied, That each Professor of Divinity shall, at the termination .f each Collegiate ;Sossioa, report to the Caput on the general conduct oi the Students under his spiritual charge, ana on thj manner in which the ReguUtions regarding such Students have been observed. CHAPTER XXVir. REMINISCENCES OF SUPERANNUATED SCHOOL TEACHERS, 1850-51. AND SKETCHES OF SCHOOLS IN THE OLDEN TIME. Among the most interesting Educational Records of the past are tl > per- sonal reminiscences of the Pioneer Teachers of Upper Canada. Those gi 'n in this Chapter, reiate to the transition period of School Teaching in the Province before the Teachers, (trained in the Normal School), had, to any appreciable exf ent, been placed in charge of Schools. What adds additional interest to the personal experiences given in this Chapter is the fact, that these experiences "re those of Teachers of more than fifty years ago, when educational affairs were in th ir crude, formative, stage. With a view to give a preliminary birds-eye view of the state of the Schools, when the character of the teaching in them began to takt a really definite practical shape, I insert the following graphic picture of these eany primitive times, in school architecture and accommodation, by the Reverend John Gray, D. D., and experienced School Inspector of some years ago. It formed th. i'ir Juctory part of a paper written by him for the East Simcoe Teacher's Con- vention and published in the Orillia Packet, from which it has been copied. I have also added a recent Sketch of the Port Hope Schools. To understand the past of the educational system, let ua visit a School Section such as existed more than forty years ago. There stands the School House, an ungainly looking Log Building, so constructed as to convey he impression that the builder had striven to make the place as ugly and rough as possible. As you enter the Building, the first thing that attracts your attention is a large Box-stove ; and the atmosphere is so oppressive as to show that the i-^g «* ^^„f;i»*;fjj. oj-e nesrlectsd. At the far end is ft small platform, on which stands a Chair and also a plain, substantial Desk ; and behind it is seated the Master, with a rod, or pair of taws, lying beside him. In front of him are some rough unpainted Forms, without backs. Along the sides of the building are long,badly constructo 1 Desks, which are used in turn by the pupils, while most practise the art of penmanship on tlieir slates. Tht '^ohool Books are of various kinds,— some having only the Bible, or New Testament, and other venerable looking vol- 29G DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 t ' J nimos known m " Collections " brought by their Fathers from the " Old Country ". The Te» ler is usually advanced in years, and maintains strict discipline. The whole appearance indicates the strictest economy, as if education were a luxury, and not a right and necessity. And the Trustees were timid about any expense, as they had to face their constituents every year, many of whom were opposed to education, and called the Trustees to strict account for any expenditure which was deemed unusal, or extravagant. Books on Arithmetic were of various kinds and qualities ; Histories were scarce rnd rarely used. There was no Geography, except that of Morse's which glorified the United States as the " greatest Nation in the World." And yet, amid such plain surroundings, were reared not a few scholars and Teachers, as well as numbers who became our future Legislators, Judges, and leading men. It was a day of small things, not to be despised. The system of Inspection was exceedingly simple. Each Township was usually under the charge of a "Local Superintendent," who had from two, up to twenty, Schools under his charge. He was in most cases, a Minister, who undertook the work from a sense of duty. This made the Religious Question in Schools easy ot solution, and led to the introduction of the Bible into most of the purely Protestant Schools. In a good many cases, the Catechisms of the Churches, Protestant and Roman Catholic, were taught. Everything, however, was in a very imperfect state, and the friends of education were ready to despair unless some improvement soon took place. . . . It was indeed an era in the history of Education in Canada, when the Reverend Doctor Kyerson became its chief head and promotor. He took in the situation at once. Borrowing several features of his system from other lands, he established what was, in its main elements, an organization of his own. He formed in each County an examining Board, composed of the Local School Superintendents and the Trustees of the Grammar Schools, who were then the par excellence educated class of the community. These kept a watchful eye on the Teachers, and gradually weeded out the incapable ones . (Note. The remainder of Doctor Gray's Paper refers to an improved state of things.) \ Reminiscences of Supeeannu4ted School Teachers. 1850 :— I first began to teach in 1850, in the Township of Arthur, County of Wellmgton. • . . The first School House, in which I taught, was built of rough unhewn Logs, with the spaces between, chinked with moss, and roofed with shingles, two feet long. The floor was so rough and so loosely laid down, that most of the noon hour was spent in looking for lost pencils and other belongings of the pupils The next place in which I taught, was the united Sec' ion of Sullivan and Holland, in the County of Grey. There was no School House, properly so called, at that date in the Section ; but the Trustees secured the use of an old Methodist Meeting House for school purposes. It was a frame Building of sufficient capacity to accommodate all, but was so badly built, and loosely put together, that Teacher and pupils had to fly from it on every windstorm ; and it was so cold, that, on cold days, study was impossible. . . . In the Schools of these early days, the accommodation was, as a rule, fairly good ; but there was usually a want of ventilation, which would be utterly condemned in a School of to-day. The Seating accommodation of thsse School Houses, consisted chiefly of a Desk round the walls, and a Bench, or Form, of sufficient height to reach the Desk. The last School, in which I taught, was in the Township of Maryborough. It was a very commodious Frame Building, furnished with all the " modem improvements " of the time. During the first five years, in whicn I taught, the series of School Books were : — Mavor's Spoiling Book, the English Reader and Walkingame's Arithmetic ; and any one well versed in the three was supposed to have sufficient education to enable him to transact any of the ordinary business of life After the expiration of these years the above mentioned Books were, in 1847, superseded by the Irish National Series : and it is my opinion that they were the best School Books we have had, because they stored the mind of the pupil with a very substantial know- ledge of Scripture, of History and of Simple Natural Philosophy. To these may be added Lennie's Grammar and Hodgins' Geography and History of the British Colonies. There were no Maps at first, with the exception of those which the Text- Books supplied ; but, in the later days, these, and Blackboards, and other Apparatus were supplied. Pekrytown. Robert Rooney. 185C. During the year 1850, I spent the greater part of my leisure hours in preparing myself to pass the examination, whioii was to take place tne ensuing Winter. Accordingly, on a day in December, I drove to Palermo. The examining Board were the Reverends Thomas Greene, and William Kin if. Doctor William Craigie of Hamilton, and Mr. Arthur C. Verner, B.A. 1851 ountry ". The ) a luxury, and hey had to face ed the Trustees sarce rnd rarely Jnited States as were reared not slators, Judges, iually under the ider his charge, y. This made f the Bible into f the Churches, very imperfect meut soon took everend Doctor nee. Borrowing main elements, omposed of the I were then the n the Teachers, of things.) \ of Wellington. Logs, with the lie floor was so for lost pencils Eolland, in the in the Section ; 1 purposes. It ailt, and loosely 1 it was so cold, ;ood ; but there )ol of to-day. Desk round the It was a very 1 " of the time, rere : — Mavor's I well versed in of the ordinary 1 were, in 1847, he best School batantial know- may be added 8. There were ut, in the later ,T ROONEY. rs in preparing ccordingly, on a erends Thomas J. Verner, B. A . The business of the day commenced, in what was then the Grammar School, There were about twenty Teachers present. Some discussion took place durmg the proceedings, regarding the answers which should be received by the Board. Doctor Craigie gave it as his opinion that the Board should accept any answei which showed that the Teacher thoroughly understood the subieot upon which he was being examined, without special reference to any particular Text- book. The rest of the Board and the Teachers present unanimously concurred with Doctor Craigie's opinion, and the matter was thus disposed of to the satisfaction of all parties. It was also decided that Candidates applying for First Clans Certificates, but not coming quite up to the standard required, should be awarded Second Class Certificates, while those who applied for Second Class Certificates would, in case of a similar nature, be awarded Third Clsss ones. . . . When our Certificates were handed to us, and we hastened to seek refreshment, and then proceeded home. . . . I cannot recall the date, but it was whilst teaching in one of the School Sections, that I was urgently solicited by the Trustees to collect the Rates which they were authorized to levy upon the tax-payers, in lieu of fees. These amounted to more than twenty five cents per month for each child attending the School. Armed with the Warrant of th« Trustees, I went from House to House to inform every rate-payer of the amount of his School taxes, and the time it should be paid. In some instances I met with a positive refusal to pay. Others regarded me with astonish- ment, and wondered at what they called the cool impudence of the demand, seeing that they had no children to send to School, and that, therefore, they had no right to be called upon to pay School Rates . . . Eventually I succeeded in collecting the greater part of the amount required by the Trustees by the commencement of Summer . . . I gave up this School about the commencement of the Summer holidays of 1851. My salary was somewhere in the neighborhood of Two hundred and forty dollars per annum. Fergus. Richard Unsworth. 1850 :— The first School which I taught was Number Eleven, Township of Montague, on a I*ermit " given me by the Reverend James Padfield, L»cal School Superintendent. When I of Education met at Smith's Falls, I received a Third Class Certificate. Mr. the Board ol Education met at Smith's Falls, I received a Third Class Uertincate. ivir. James Shaw, afterwards Member of Parliament was President of the Board, but Mr. Padfield was the leading spirit. He was well adapted for an educationist, and gave us some encouraging advice. 1 taught this School during 1850 and 1861. It was a Log House built in the woods. My salary was Nineteen pounds, ton shillings ($98) a year and I " boarded round ". Farley, Iowa. William Plunkett. 1850 :— My first experience of School Teaching was in Barriefield, near the City of Kingston in September, 1850. I had been a Teacher in Ireland twelve years previously,— five of which was under the National Board of Education. My Certificates were obtained from The Dublin Kildare Street Church of England and Ireland Training School, and also from The Model School in Marlborough Street National Training School. These Certificates were accepted by the Local Superintendent and by the Trustees of the Barriefield School. The School Room was new, but badly furnished,— the Desks being long, moveable, and unstable. There was a Teacher's Desk, a Table, but no Maps, or Apparatus. By the Teacher s advice, the Irish National Series of School Books were introduced, as were also Morse s Geo- graphy, Murray's Grammar, an old Arithmetic, (the name of which has escaped my memory), and Carpenter's Spelling Book. We also introduced Reid's English Dictionary. I found that the old fashion of reciting and reading individually before the Teacher was in vogue ; and the idea of grading pupils, and forming them into classes, seems never to have been entertained . . . We had a half holiday on Wednesdays and Saturdays. The salary of the Teacher depended on the number of pupils. Each pupil was supposed to pay Twenty-five cents per month, during their attendance : and also a dividend of the Govern- ment and County appropriation to each School, which was paid yearly, or half yearly, through the Local Superintendent. Etiwanda, California. Henry Dugi>alb. 1850 :— I commenced teaching in School Section Number Five, Township of Kitley, County of Leeds, in January, 1850. There I remained for twenty-four consecutive years ! The Build- ing in 1850 was very poor, in dimensions about twenty ieot square, and th: reiling seven feet high. The School House was built of Logs, and the floor and ceiling were of rough boards ; it was without ventilation, except through the door and windows. '''he fittings would compare favourably with the Building itself. For Desks there was a pine Board on two sides of the House, about fourteen feet long, and eighteen inches wide, planed on the upper side and nailed to the wall. For Seats, there were rough Benches hewed 298 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 •t. from Cedar, or Baaswood, logs. ... At first, the Books were of the Irish National Series ; but they were succeeded by the later ones authorized by the Education Department. Then we obtained from the Depository four Maps of the Sastem and Western Hemispheres, of Europe and of Canada. Many times I had sixty pupils in that little Building, substantial well-furnished Stone Building. Now there is on the Site, a good In my next School, after I left my first School, was in School Section Number Eight, in the same Township of Kitley, where I taught for four years, until I became disabled and had to '®**™- John MacKay. Jasfeb. 1850:— In September, 1860, 1 engaged as Teacher in School Section Number Five, Col- chester Township, County of Essex ; but, before commencing I had to pass an examination by the Local Superintendent, which was as follows : — " What is your name ? How old are you ? — I don't need to ask your nationality, — I know you are Scotch.— How far have you been in Arithmetic ? Write your name," I did so ; he seemed pleased with the writing, and said that I would do, and gave me a Certificate, which would hold good until the first Meeting of the County Examining Board. . . . The School House was built of round Logs, of dimensions 26x20 feet ; the Desks were ranged along the walls, and were very roughly constructed. . . . There was no School Apparatus, and the only Books used were Mavor's Spelling Book, the Testament, and English Reader ; and Gray's, Ingram's and several other Arithmetics. I had no fixed salary, but got the amount of Subscription, Government and Municipal Grants, which together amounted to about Two hundred dollars a year without board. Habrow. Joseph Drummond. 1850. In the School in which I taught in 1850 I remained over five years. Three of my scholars took First Class Certificates, while attending my School, and a number Second Class Certificates. The last School in which I taught I remained eleven years and gave satisfaction. The School House in this Section was built of Brick, and, owing to the want of proper foun- dation, there were cracks in the walls in several places which made them look somewhat unsafe. HUBBBY. ROBEBT DiCKSON. 1850 : — I came to Canada from Dublin in 1849. I attended the first examination that was held under the Upper Canada School Law of 1850 at St. Thomas . . . The examination was carried on in a very loose manner, it being oral and without method in its arrangement. In a year or so, however, there was a change in the programme, and printed questions were used. I attended one of the latter examinations in London, and everything was strictly and well con- ducted. I obtained a Second Class Certificate at this time, having previously held the same. The first School I taught was in the Township of Westminster in 1850, which was kept open for six months by myself, and three months by another Teacher. The School House was Log, of dimensions 20x17 feet ; and the Books used were the Irish National Readers, Kirkham's Grammar, Morse's Geography, DaboU's Arithmetic. The Seats were long, with the Desks placed against the walls ; and there were no Maps, or Apparatus, of any kind. The next School which I taught was in the Township of Nissouri in a Log house of 20x17 feet. The Books used wero the Irish National Readers, Kirkham's Grammar, Morse's Geo- graphy, Walkingame's Arithmetic ; and there were no Maps, or Apparatus, in the School. In 1851, I taught in the Township of Delaware, in the County of Middlesex. The Building was of Log, and about the same size as the previous one ; and the Books were the same as those formerly used. Charles Shobtt. Craioie, 1850 : — An old Log School House was the first educational structure erected in Orange- vill, and was after the design of the log shanties of pioneer times, without any Ceiling, and with the typical long narrow Windows, characteristic of edifices of this kind. In the centre of the School Boom was a Stove, and around this were tiers of Logs, which served as Seats for the pupils. Some years after its erection, it was improved by the addition of Seats on a more modem scale. The first Teacher of the school was Mr. Thomas Davidson, who has long since joined the silent majority. Albxandkb Stksl. Obanoeville. 1850 : — In the year 1850, I commenced to teach in the Township of Arthur, County of Wellington. * * * . The School House in which I taught was the first erected in the Township, and was built of logs. * * * , There were no Desks, plank Seats, no Maps ; and the Books were the Irish National Series. 1851 rational Series ; lent. Then we eres, of Europe bhe Site, a good er Eight, in the led and had to MacKat. her Five, Col- examination by old are you ? — ve you been in ;, and said that fleeting of the ^he Desks were was no School It, and English salary, but got r amounted to >RUMMOND. Three of my r Second Class re satisfaction. )f proper foun- mewhat unsafe. ? Dickson. nation that was he examination rangement. In ions were used. y and well con- d the same. which was kept lool House was iers, Kirkham's rith the Desks house of 20x17 ', Morse's Geo- e School. The Building 9 same as those !s Shortt. bed in Orange- tiling, and with e centre of the is Seats for the a more modem ince joined the >KR Steel. hur, County of erected in the lats, no Maps ; I next engaged to teach the Centre School in Eramosa in January 1851, which was a large frame building. It was well furnished with Desks, Maps and other Apparatus : the Books used were the Irish Nalional Series. I then moved to Pushlinch School within forty miles of Hamilton, and taught there for two years : after which I moved to Mount Forest in 1854, which was at the time a Government Town Reserve. Afterwards I taught in Egremont, County of Grey, two miles from the present Town of Mount Forest, in a well furnished frame Building. For two years I taught in Arthur Township in a Log building, but well-furnished with Maps and Desks. jo^j, w. Walker. Stonewall, Manitoba. 1850 : Doctor Kelly, School Inspector, in his Report of 1860 says : Brantford was incor- porated as a town in 1847, . . . , and in 1860 Mr. P. C. Van-Brocklin was Mayor, and also Chairman of the School Board ... In this year Mr. J. L. Hughes, (now Inspector of the Toronto City Schools,) was Principal of the new Central School, — the west wing of the pre- sent structure, — which was formally opened by the late Reverend Doctor Ryerson, Chief Super- intendent, in March of that year. Mr. William [lutton, now of Winnipeg, was Assistant in the Boys' departments, and Mrs. Corbett in the Girls'. The salaries were not extravagant, being respectively Five Hundred, Three Hundred, and Two Hundred dollars per annum. The Reverend Alexander Drummond was Local Superincendent at that time. . . . 1860 : Mr. Hiram Robinson, Chairman of the School Board of Ottawa, in a Letter gives the following interesting information of School affairs in that City. He says : — 1850, our most respected townsman, Mr. Alexander Workman, was elected Trustee along with Messieurs Atkins, Burke, Turgeon, Joynt, and Marier. Mr. Francis Scott was appointed Secretary of the School Board, and Mr. Workman, School Superintendent. A demand was made upon the Town that year for the support of the Schools for £135 83. 4d., exclusive of the Government grant. One pound was allowed to Returning Officers for holding elections. Male teachers received £60 per annum, and females £15. The children taught numbered one hundred and twenty-four waiilea and seventy-nine females, representing Protestants and Roman Catholics. . . . 1850 : — After leaving the Normal School at the close of the Winter Session of 1849-50, I engaged to take a School in the Township of Augusta, County of Grenville. The Building was of Stone, of 20 X 30 feet, with a row of Seats in front of Desks attached to the walls on Two sides of the Room. . . The School was supplied with Maps of the Continents, and one of the United States ; and the Books were of the Irish National Series. . . I was engaged in this School for three months only, at a salary of Fifteen dollars a month, and to " board round " among the pupils. . . At the end of the time, I held an examination, which was well attended, and with which the Trustees were so well pleased that I was engaged for the remainder of the year at a greatly increased salary. For the year 1851, I engaged in a School in the Township of Mountain, County of Dundas, at Three Hundred dollars a year and to " board round " also among the pupils. The School House was built of sided Cedar Logs, and was about fifteen feet square ; was without Desks, with Benches of sided Logs ; a Blackboard, about three feet square on which I taught Writing, Arithmetic, Grammar, and Geography. The only Books used were the Irish National Readers. As I thought it best to try different Schools, I went west and taught in the Village of Madoo, County of Hastings for a year, at a yearly salary of Three Hundred and Fifty dollars. The School House was an old Frame Building, about 30 x 40 feet ; a storey and a half high, with very good Desks and Seats ; and was well-furnished with Books, Maps and other Apparatus. Kemptville. R. O. Campbell. 1850 : — I commenced the profession of teaching in 1850, at what is now the Village of Seeley's Bay, situated on the Rideau Canal, about twenty-live miles east of Kingston. My salary was Nine dollars a month and " board round " at the people's Houses. The Room, in which I taught was in a Frame Building, about twenty feet nquare, situated, like most of the School Houses of the day, on the corner of somebody's farm, without any playground except the highway. On the inside of the Building were three long Desks extending around three of its sides, with a Seat between the Desk and the wall for the pupils. There were no Globes, Blackboard, or Maps, !n use. In 1851, I taught in School Section Number Five of the same Township of Kitiey, at a salary of Eleven Dollars a month. Here the School House was worse than the other I have mentioned, it being an old Log Building, 18 x 20 feet, with no School Apparatus of any kind. I induced the Trustees, however, to furnish a Blackboard, which was the first used in any (School in the Township. After having taught there for six months, I attended the Normal School, Toronto, during the latter part of 1861, and the beginning of 1852, I afterwards taught f. 300 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. 1851 in the Village of Elgin, Township of Crosby, the remaining part of the following year where there was no Apparatus, with the exception of a Blackboard. The instruction which I received at the formal School, however, enabled me to teach with more satisfaction to myself, and advantage to the School. j jj Johnson. SlOPERTON. 1851. In January 1851, I commenced teaching in Thorndale, in the Township of W es^ Nisouri, then in the County of Oxford. The School House was much like my other ones, with the exception that a huge Fireplace extended half way across one end of the Room, which was surmounted by a great square Dutch Chimney which smoked badly on a windy day. That Winter we had a Debating School in the School House. . . . There was no Lock to the Door, so we leaned a big firewood stick against the Door every evening, and pushed it down again in entering next morning. . . . Toward the end of my second Winter there the old School House was burned down one night, . . . ; but the Trustees set at once to work, and erected a fine Frame Building upon the same Site, and which, I believe, stands there still. It was the first good School House which I occupied as Teacher. Here I received as salary Seventeen Dollars a month, and paid one Dollar a week for my board. . . When I left Nissouri, I began to teach in Petersville, a suburb of London, Ontario, across Blackfriar's Bridge. There there was a good Brick Building, well lighted and provided with Desks, Seats, and Blackboard, but with no Maps, or other Apparatus. It was composed almost equally of Protestant and Roman Catholic children . . . While there, however. I never heard a discordant word on the subject of sectarianism. The secular branches only were taught in this School, with as much moral and Religious Instruction as could be introduced. By " religious." I mean, such as all good. God-fearing people were agreed upon. For instance, I asked, while talking about Sabbath observance " What works may lawfully be done on the Sabbath ? " A Protestant boy answered " Those which cannot be done on Saturday, nor left off until Monday." A Roman Catholic boy replied " Works of necessity and charity." Every one saw at once that both answers were good and essentially the same . . . During the first week of January, 1851 . all Teachers in the County, excepting those holding Normal School Ceitificates, had to go into London to be examined under the Programme, just then issued by the Provincial Council of Public Instruction. The examination proved to be a great leveller. Many who had previously been considered oracles of learning, came out badly plucked. From that time we had a better classification of Teachers, a uniform set of Text-books, and an improved mode of School Inspection. More attention began to be paid to School Houses and Grounds ; Teachers salaries began to rise, and things to improve generally. TOBONTO. John Phililps. |> .:< 1851 : — On coming to London :n 1851, I was appointed Teacher in the Union School, of the Junior Division of Girls. The School had been erected in 1849, and was a plain Structure, con- taining six rooms, which were shortly afterwards divided, each into a Class Room, with a seating capacity for eighty pupils, and a Gallery for those not requiring Desks. Before this alteration, there were some Rooms with two Teachers ; so that the desired progress was not being made, and the monitorial system was in vogue. The Rooms were heated by means of large Bon Stoves at each end . . . The best Maps and Globes were provided from the Educational Depesitory, Toronto ; and the Rooms were fur- nished with long Benches, which were built quite irrespective of the size and age of the pup'ls. These were afterwards superseded by improved short Benches and Desks for two children. The Irish National Series were the Text- books used ; but afterwards the Canadian Series were intro- duced. There were no examination papers ot this early date, but the Teacher in one grade pre- pared the Teacher for a lower grade. This, however, caused some jealousy, and was afterwards discontinued. E, Hopkins. London. The School in which I taught in 1851, was in the Township of Darlington ; a Frame School House. Writing Desks were fastened to the wall ; the floor was raised probably a foot at each row of -Seats and with h back to the Seats. The Irish National Readers and Arithmetics were generally used in this School ; also an Agricultural Reader published by the Reverend Doctor Thornton of Oshawa. The next School in which I taught was in a small Frame House about twenty feet square ; Seat and Desks all around the Room, except where the door was. The Benches had no backs and were all over the floor. The attendance was forty pupils. I engaged for two months at Eigh'-:een Dolln'-s a month ; I remained there four years and two months — the last year, or two 1851 Chap. XXVII. REMINISCENCES OF SUPERANNUATED SCHOOL TEACHERS. 301 ig year where iich I received myself, and Johnson. ahip of Wes** ler ones, with m, which was Y day. That B Door every he end of my ; but the ;e, and which, 1 as Teacher, week for my Intario, across provided with iposed almost never heard a taught in this ir "religious." ; asked, while abbath?" A itil Monday." at once that those holding )gramme, just )roved to be a ime out badly xt- books, and al Houses and Phililps. School, of the tructure, con- vrith a seating liis alteration, t being made, 'he best Maps 3ms were fur- of the pup'ls. [lildren. The ies were intro- )ne grade pre- 'as afterwards Hopkins. Frame School a foot at each thmeticfl were 'erend Doctor 7 feet square ; had no backs wo months at t year, or two got $350 a year. Taught in the old House a year, or two. A new Unuse was built, with im- proved Seats and Desks for two, only, not such aa we have now, but good big strong ones made by the carpenter that built the School House. Maps and Blackboard were furnished. I have now been teaching for about seven years. The Houses were good Brick Houses, furnished with Blackboard and Maps, and the authorized Text-books were used in all of them. It is twenty two or three years since I taught, and 1 have forgotten the names of many of the Books used. Whitby. J. W. Palmer. In 1851, I went to South Mountain Township, Section Number 1. which was a small Village, but with only a very poor Log School House, and a large attendance of pupils, num- bering about eighty. It was during this year that I first went to the County Board for exam- ination, which was conducted by four, or five, Ministers. We wrote a few lines, worked some Arithmetic, and then we were questioned and answered verbally. I taught also in School Section Number 17. The Section was newly formed, and I was the first Teacher. A Log School House had been built, and it was warm and comfortable, and I had a Desk and Bench for myself. I was the first Teacher in Mountain to rebel againtit boarding around among the farmers. The Teachers to whom I spoke said that I would not succeed. The first year I got Nine dollars a month, so I told the Trustees that I would take Twelve and board mydelf , and as they did not wish me to leave they finally consented to do so. Kemptville. Elizabeth J. Glenday. 1851 : — I sailed from Belfast in the autumn of 1 851, and in about six weeks arrived at Bytown, now Ottawa. For the remaining two months and a half of the year, I taught in a Union School near Carp Village, County of C'arleton. While the school accommodation seemed insufficient, compared with what I had been accustomed to, yet for a new Country, I thought it very fair. The Building was of sided logs : and I cannot recollect that it contained any Maps. CocuA Bay. David D. Keenan. 1851 : — The School House in which I was engaged in 1851, was a Log Building, fitted up with two long Desks, one of which was on each side of an aisle from the Door to the Teacher's Desk. Long Forms were so arranged, that the pupils, when seated, had their backs to the Teacher. In the aisle were Benches placed for the younger pupils : and all the Benches and Forms were without a back-support for the pupils. There were no Maps, nor Apparatus of any kind. The Books used were Mavor's and Cobb's Spelling books. The Readers of the Irish National Series, and Lennie's and Kirkham's Grammars. The Bible was used as a Text-book at the opening and closing of the School. The Arithmetic principally used was Walkingame's, and the Geography was Morse's. The Copy books were foolscap paper, at the head of which the Teacher was obliged to set the copy. Robert Hamilton. Clarksburg. The Early Schools of Port Hope. The following is copied from a recent Publication entitled : " Port Hope Historical Sketches." Chapter xviii ot that Volume : — In Chapter Five it was mentioned casually that the First School in Port Hope was kept in tfie year Seventeen Hundred and Ninety-seven in the Smith Homestead by Mr. Collins of Montreal. From that date until Eighteen Hundred and Twelve nothing definite is known of any educational institution in the Village of Port Hope ; but it is not unlikely that there were Private Schools similar to the above, where the children of the Village received instruction. In Eighteen Hundred and Twelve, it would seem that there was a plank School-House situated on Walton Street opposite John Street and, though a private institution, it may yet be considered as the Parent School of the present Public School System of the Town. It was taught in that year by Mr. John Farley, whom history records as a man of good education and a successful Teacher. He was succeeded during the next few years by Mr. John Taylor and later by Miss Hannah Burnham, who was School Mistress there from Eighteen Hundred and Fifteen to Eighteen Hundred and Seventeen. Then followed Mr. Gardiner CliflFord and Mr. Page during brief intervals. At this juncture the School was taken down and removed to the comer of King and William streets, where it stood for many years. In it in its new position taught Mr. Hobbs, Mr. Valen- tine Tupper, Mr. Alexander Davidson, Mr. Patrick Lee, Mr. John Bengel, Mr. Rattery, Mr. George Hughes and Mr. Maxwell in succession, bringing the School down to Eighteen Hundred and "rhirty-three. 802 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN UPPER CANADA. Chap. XXVII P Meanwhile, as might have been expected, there were numerous other Schools started in various parts of the Town. Mr. John Taylor opened a School on Cavan street in Eighteen Hundred and Nineteen. Chief Justice Draper, then a Law Student, taught School here about the same time. The Reverend Mr. Goghlan, in Eighteen Hundred and Thirty two, built the House until recently occupied by Mr. James Kerr, and took advanced pupils. Mr. Millard and the Reverend Doctor Shortt continued his labours there. About Eighteen Htmdred and Thirty- two Mr. Murdoch McDonnell taught in Mr. J. D. Smith's old store on Mill Street for a short time, and then built a School House on the south-east corner of Pine and South Streets, which was later rented by the School Trustees of the Town. These are but a few of the educational institutions that the Town possessed. The first Government aid granted to the Schools of Port Hope was received in Eighteen Hundred and Forty-two and, amounted to the sum of Forty-five pounds, Twelve shillings and six pence, (9182.60). From this it may be concluded that there had been some public super- vision of the Schools, though probably it only amounted to the annual appointment of a School Superintendent. The Reverend John Oassie was the first appointed. In Eighteen Hundred and Forty-four the Town was divided into three School Sections, of which Section One comprised the present Ward 2, Section Two the present Ward 1, and Section Three the present Ward 3. For each of these School Sections Trustees were appointed. Both Sections Two and Three had School-houses already but, though tenders were asked for the erection of a Brick School House in Section One, it does not appear that there was ever a School-house there. In Eighteen Hundred and Forty-eight, the first Board of Trustees for the Schools was appointed. It consisted of Reverends J. Cassie and J. Baird, and Messieurs John Reid, Wm. Mitchell, Wm. Barrett and Wm. Sisson. Mr. Mitchell was Chairman, and the Reverend J. Baird Superintendent for several years. In Eighteen Hundred and Fifty-one the plank School House was moved some distance back on William Street and repaired. Mr. Thomas Watson was placed in charge of it, while Mr. Thomas Spotton occupied the rented School House on Pine Street. Another small School was kept at the same period by Mrs. Griorson in the Kitchen of her House, just south of Holmes' Establishment on John Street. The fees of the pupils at these Schools were about One dollar and Twenty-five cents per quarter. Two years later the Board of Trustees decided to erect two new Schools, according to a plan strongly favoured by Mr. Wm. Barrett and some others. These Schools were to be octagonal in shape and lighted from the top. Lots were secured, — one where the present East Primary School stands, and the other on ihe comer of Little Hope and Sullivan Streets — and the Schools were erected. Mr. Spotton was removed to the Western School and Mr. Watson to the > astern School, while Mr. Wright was placed in charge of the old plank School House on William Street. Dr. Henry G. Forbes, writing of the Port Hope Schools, says : — My earliest recollections of the Public School System of Port Hope dates from the Summer of 1861, when the Town employed Mr. Thomas Watson to teach the primary grades of the Schools. There were no Grammar School at that time, but a higher education could be obtained at private Schools. I believe Mr. Thomas Spotton kept a Private School, and taught everything from the Alphabet up to Homer. He is recollected well by the older generation, from the fact, that he used the ruler in more ways than one. . . . The School in which Mr. Watson taught was a small Frame Building of one Room, (since burned down. ) It continued in that place until the spring of 1862, when the first attempt to have a Grammar School in Port Hope was made. Mr. Hugh Lucas of Port Perry thus recalls his past experience : — In January, 1861. I travelled Forty-nine miles on foot to my first examination in Port Hope. My examiners were the Reverend Samuel Armour, the Reverends William Ormiston and James Blair. The examination was principally oral ; and, as the Irish National Series were the Text- books used here, I felt at home on most of the subjects, having left school in Ireland only a few months previously. My first School, Number 1, Cartwright, County of Durham, in which I remained for nine years, was a low Log building, 18 x 24 feet, very meagrely furnished. In 1863, a new frame School House was erected ; and for which was furnished Maps of the Continents, and a good ? J T»1 - -1-1 -1 1831. The following branches of Education were taught under the Free School System in the town of London in 1850 for three shillings currency, (60 cts ,) per quarter, — the calculation being based upon the actual number of pupils that have been upon the R'>lls. Upon the average attendance it is only $1.22. Under the Rate-bill of 1860 it was $2.04. The branches of Educa- tion taught under the Free School System were : — Reading, Arithmetic, Grammar, Geography, ap. XXVII dIb started in ; in Eighteen ol here about wo, built the t. Millard and (dandThirty- )t for a short Streets, which le educational in Eighteen shillings and public super- it of a School een Hundred )ne comprised isent Ward 3. md Three had School House > Schools was n Reid, Wm. Reverend J. I distance back it, while Mr. ill School was th of Holmes' lit One dollar ■ding to a plan be octagonal East Primary nd the Schools to the > astern William Street. :he Summer of >f the Schools, ned at private hing from the i fact, that he I Room, (since rst attempt to ation in Port iam Ormiston lal Series were lool in Ireland rined for nine a new frame I, and a good ool System in he calculation 311 the average ihes of Educa- p, Geography, Chap. XXVII. REMINISCENCES OF SUPERANNUATED SCHOOL TEACHERS. 303 History, Writing, Book-keeping, Mensuration, Algebra, Geometry, Elements of Natural Philo- eophy, Vocal Music and Other Studies. Hart's Private School for Boys ik Toronto, 1843-1848. On the west side of Church Street, Toronto nearly midway between Queen and Richmond Streets, stood a small two storey double Frame House, the lower floor of which was afterwards occupied by a newsdealer and another shop. The whole Building was once occupied as a School and Residence by Mr. Hart, a small gray haired Irishman. . . . The School was started about 1843, and continued until 1848— The School Room was on the ground of part of the Building — The remainder of the house was occupied by Mr. Hart as a Residence— Thirty or forty pupils, all boys, attended the school, among whom several Toronto citizens of to-day — The School-room was arranged in a peculiar fashion. The Master set behind a high Desk on one side. Around the other three sides, were ranged one continuous row of Benches with Desks in front of them. On these Benches, the boys sat, every one, with his back to the master. By this method of arranging his pupils, he could watch every boy's move- ments unknown to him, and frequently when two boys were racing pens across the desk, he would quietl^escend from his perch, and stepping on tip-toe across the Room, would suddenly seize eirinj^he shoulders, greatly to their consternation. English branches and Latin constituted the course of study at the School — Mr. Hart was very attentive to his duties, very humourous, and was rather a favourite among the boys — A switch of nine tails was his weapon of punishment— It was his habit to mention how many blows — "pandies, " they were called, in the School Room vernacular, the convicted boy was to receive — The customary number was eight, four on each hand. One pupil used to give great amusement to the boys and great vexation to the Master by his argumentative resistance to punishment. After dodging and squirming to avoid the blows, he would dispute the count until the Master became so confused and annoyed that he inflicted extra punishment, but the pupil invariably beat him on the count. With all his supposed cleverness as a Master, the smart boys would sometimes outwit him. • INDEX. It \ Abolish Office of Chief Superintendent, 1, 16. Boards, Township School, 208. , Academy. Burlington Ladies', 226, 228, 230, Boards of Public Instruction, County, 42, 232, 238. 289, 242, 243, 244, 247, 248, 251. 194, 212, 218, 220. 1 Academy, Upper Canada, 151. Books, School. (See Text Books.) Academy, Toronto, Grant to, 236. Boulton, G. S., 28, 247. ' ' Accommodation School, 196, 211. Boulton. H. J., 9, 12, 14. 227, 228, 231, 237. Act, Cameron School, of 1849, 2, 4, 18, 24, Boulton, W. H., 14, 15, 228, 230, 231, 232, 240. 56, 60, 67, 68, 69, 127, 164, 181. Bowes, J. Q., 278, 279, 291, 283. ; Act, School of 1826, 68. Brown, Hon. G., 25, 240. Act of 1850, School, 2, 7. 10, 14, 16, 17, 24, Buchan, David, 118, 122, 123, 274, 276, 277, 28, 29, 31, 73 175, 177, 229, 241, 242. 278, 280, 282, 284, 289, 292. Act, University, of 1850, (See University Buchanan, Hon. Isaac, 110. Act.) Buckland, George, 156, 282, 283. Act, "Victoria College Site Removal, 20, 28, Buildings for Education Department and 30, 53, 152, 153, 253. Schools, 157, 160, 161, 162, 164, 228, 237. Act, York County Grammar School, 52. Bumside, Dr., 104, 242, 266, 267. Address to the Queen. 244, 247. Bums, R. E., 145, 185, 269, 272, 278, 279, Admission to Inormal School, Terms of, 157. 281, 283. Affiliation of Trinity College with Toronto Bytown College, 1, 26, 27, 221, 240. \ University, 265. Agricultural Chemistry, Lord Elgin's Prizes Cameron School Act of 1849. (See Act in, 156. Cameron. ) Agriculture, Chair of, in the University, 274, Cameron, Hon. J, H., 7, 18, 118, 119, 122, 275, 278, 279, 282, 294. 123, 12», 126, 127, 129, 134, 135, 140, 240, Alien Teachers, 69. 285. Allan, Hon George W., 267. Cameron, Hon. M.. 2, 4, 13, 24, 60, 67, 69, Amendment to Charter of King's College, 85, 129, 140, 155. 89, 105, 110, 254, 256,258. Caput of the University, 51. 118, 127, 130, Apparatus Philosophical, Grant for, 84. 146, 222, 273, 282, 290. 295. Appeals to the Chief Superintendent, 185, Cartier, Hon. G. E., 8, 231. 194, 208. Census of U.C, Religions of, 4, 88, 108, 110, Apportioning School Moneys, 209, 217. 112, 254. Architecture of Education Buildings, 160, Certificates of Qualification, Teachers, 42, 161. 48, 67, 162, 218. Architecture, School. 206, 208. Cheque for Site of Education Department, Assembly, Proceedings of the House of, 1, 163, 164. 221. Chancellor of Toronto University. (See 1 Association. Teachers', 63, 65, 66. Blaqui^re, Hon. P. B. de.) Charbonnel, Bishop. 158, 240. Baldwin, Hon. R., 2. 4, 13. 17, 18, 19, 20, Charter of Church University, 112, 113, 114, 25. 29, 72, 87, 121, 134, 163, 231, 240. 117, 242. 244, 245, 246, 253, 255, 266, 269, Bagot, Sir C, 86. 104. 260, 263, 264, 265. (See Trinity College.) i Barber, G. A., 286, 288. Charter of King'e College. See King's College. \ Barron, F. W., 126, 127. 130, 138. (See Chief Superintendent of Education, Duties of. Upper Canada College.) 45. (See Kyerson, Dr.) " ■ Bathurst. Lord, 84, 258. Churches and the Toronto University, 146. Beaven, Rev. Dr.. 104, 118, 123, 130, 134, Church University Correspondence. 91, 118, 135, 144, 268, 269, 271, 272, 274, 277, 279, 132, 241, 242, 252, 253, 266. 281, 282, 284, 294. Circular of the Visitation Commission, 293. Bethune, Bishop, 10, 11, 14, 266, 267. Circular School of Hon. F. Hincks, 54. Bill, University, by Hon. H. Sherwood, 221. Circulars of the Chief Superintendent, 73, 74, Bill, University, by W. H. Boulton, 232. 190, 193, 198, 202, 203, 204, 207, 213, 215, Blaquifere. Hon. P B. de, 118, 121. 122. l.SO. 217, 2ia 132, 133, 245, 253, 256, 265, 268, 269, 270, City Boards of School Trustees, 39, 176, 177, ,271, 276, 277, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 292. 178, 179, 194. 202. Board of Education, Provincial, Proceedings City and Town Schools in 1850, 170. of, 1850, 156. Clergy Reserve Question and Education, 3. Board, Endowment. (See Endowment.) Cobourg Diocesan College, 93. Board of School Trustees, 30, 203, 204, 205, [a Colbome, Sir John, 4, 105, 112, 252. 06] 20 D.E. . i 806 INDEX. OoUese, Upper Canada. {See Upper Canada Ooliege.) Coloured Children, Schools for, 2, 3, 7, 11, 23, 24, 26. 27, 30, 64. Colonial History of Canada, 238. Common School Acts. (See Act, Common School.) Common School Fund, 211. Connor, Dr. Skeffington, 3, 27, 118, 122, 125, 127, 134, 136, 269, 277, 279, 281. 284, 286, 294. Correspondence with the Chief Superintend- ent on the Common School Act of 1849, 3. Correspondence on the Chuioh University, (See Church University.) Council of Public Instruction, 16, 46, 158. Council of Trinity College, 249, 266. County Boards of Public Instruction, 42, 194. County Councils and the School Law, 41, 70, 71, 194, 199, 217. County School Superintendents, 41, 43, 68, 69, 70, 190, 200, 201, 209, 211. Croft, Dr. H. H., 118, 122, 127, 156, 277, 284, 294. Declaration of Church of England Canadian Bishops, 242. Deed of the Site of the Education Depart- ment, 163, 164. Deputy Superintendent of Education, 162, 163, 164. Dishonesty in School Money Matters, Pro- vision Against, 48, 60. Dismissal of Dr. Ryerson, Hon. F. Hincks on the, 14, 69. Disputes School Section Avoided, 79, 208. Dissentient to Address Re Church University, 246. Divinity, Teaching of. 89, 104, 105, 107, 109, 110, 133, 134, 226, 236, 246, 264, 266, 268, 263. Dorchester, Lord, 80. Draper, Hon. W. H., 87, 104, 266, 267. Draft of Charter of Trinity College, 98, 99. Draft of School Bill of 1846, 73, 78. Drummond, Hon. L. T., 8, 231, 239. Duties of City and Town Councils, 39, 202. Duties of County Councils, 41, 194, 199, 201, 218. Duties of County Boards of Public Instruc- tion, 42, 194. Duties of School Superintendents, 43, 194, 209. Duties of Township Councils, 37, 206. Duties of School Trustees, 32, 33, 39, 195, 204 213 Duties of School Teachers, 36, 196, 216. Duties «f School Visitors, 44, 197. Duties of the Chief Superintendent of Edu- cation, 46. Elgin, Lord (Governor General), 1, 2, 17, 27, 31, 52, 53, 92, 102, 107, 130, 136, 142, 156, 191, 245, 248, 260, 261, 263, 266, 269, 262, 263, 264, 271, 2'? 6, 278. 280. 283, Endowment Board of Toronto University, 122, 125, 126, 128, 129, 130, 133, 134, 136, 140, 141, 227, 236, 267, 268, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 290, 283, 284, 285. 288. Endowment of Trinity College, 94, 96, 97, 112, 114, 116, 117, 118. Evidences of Religion. Medal for, 268, 270, 271, 273, 274, 276, 292. Examination of Teachers, 162, 218. Expenditure in 1860, School, 166. Facts as to our School System, 183. Fellows, University, 222, 233, 234, 236. Fellowships in the University, 9, 10. 16, 29, 61, 156, 222. Finance Committee, Legislative, 16, 184, 187. Financial State of Toron:» University, 145, 227, 267, 268. 272, 273, 274, 278, 284, 286, 287, 288, 289, 292. Foundation Stone of King's College, 83. Founder of two Universities in Toronto, Dr. Strachan, 117. Founding of King's College, 84, 86, 258. Free Presbyterian Church, 164. Free Schools, 12, 66, 63, 68, 69, 73, 74, 77, 181, 214, 216. German Universities, 134. Glenelg, Lord, 6. Godorich, Lord, 85, 88, 89. Gordon, Hon. James, 104, 242, 247, 266, 267. Gray, Rev. Dr. John, 296. Grasett, Dean, 104, 158, 266, 267. Grammar Schools, 6, 17, 19, 20. ?l, 23, SO, 62, 71, 105, 227, 236, 239, 247, 2i8, 258. Grant to Common Schools, 47, 110. Grant for Site and Education Buildings, 23. Grant to Common School Libraries, 48. Grant for Normal School Expenses, 47 • Grant, Imperial, of 1797. {See Imperial Grant.) Grey, Lord, 92, 95, 96, 98, 102, 103, 107, 112, 113, 114, 116, 244, 246, 253, 254, 265, 259. Guigues, Bishop, 1, 2. 6. 241. Chiardian, Christian, 108. Harrison, Hon. S, B., 158, 278, 281. Hawes, Sir B., 102, 113. Haye, Mr. dc la, 286, 289. Head, Sir F. B., 6, 86. Hincks, Hon. Francis, 2, 6, 7, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 24, 26, 64. 59, 67, 119, 122, 123, 137, 163, 164, 201, 231. 236, 239, 240, 276. Hind. H. Y., 162, 190. 282. 283. Hirschf elder. Jacob M., 133. 134, 136. History of King's College, Dr. Strachan's, 82, 259. Historv of Education in U.C=, by Dr^ Strachan, 83. Hodgins, J. George, 8, 156, 160, 163, 164, 185, 186, 198, 241. Holidays in Schools, 196. Hopkins, Caleb, 8, 14, 18. 231, 232. Hours of Daily Teaching, 196. \ 276, 276, 277, 283, 284, 285, fe, 94, 96, 97, for, 268, 270, . 218. 166. , 183. , 234. 236. , 9, 10. 16, 29, tive, 16, 184, nivenity, 146, 278, 284, 286, oUege, 83. a Toronto, Dr. 14, 86, 268. i. 69, 73, 74, 77, INDEX. \ M2, 247, 266, 267. 20. n, 23, SO, 247, 2^8, 258. , 110. BuildinKB, 23. :aries, 48. Buses, 47. {See Imperial 102, 103, 107, 253, 254, 265, '8, 281. J, 11, 14, 16. 16, 119, 122, 123, , 239, 240, 276. rt3. 134, 135. >r. Strachan's, TLC,, by Br. 160, 163, 164, 1, 232. Imperial Grant of 1797, 83, 106, 111, 114, 252, 267. Income for Common Schooh, Bill Provid- ing an, 27. Inquiry into King's College Affairs, 6, 13, . 16, 122, 124. 127, 138, 141, 236. 271, 272, 279, 280, 281, 28-/, 283, 284, 286, 288, 291, 292 Inspection, School, 201, 210, 211. Institutes, Teaohtsrs', 10, 48, 64, 167, 162, 189. 190. Irish National Books. (See Text Books.) Jennings, Rev. Dr. John. 158, 278, 282. Junmat of Ediication for U. C, 72, 73, 75, 81, 181. 180, 187, 190, 191, 205, 206. King's College, Toronto, 82, 84. 88, 98, 104, 106. 107, 110, 116. 128, 12», 14'2, 148, 222, 237, 146, 262, 253, '?64, 257, 258, 259, 2tt3, 267, 280, 281, 283. King's College, New Brunswick, 246. Kingston Grammar School, 206. Knox College, 133, 156. Lafontaine, Hon. L. H., 7, 25. Landon, Rev. W., 65, 56. Lectures, Normal School, 160, 163. Lectures, School, by School Superintendents, 43, 211, 212. Legislative Council Proceedings, 6, 26. 241. Legislation to Alter Imperial Charters, Power of, 85. Legislation, Suggestions on School, 63. Leslie, Hon. James. {See Secretary, Pro- vincial.) Libraries, Common School, 48, 64, 160, 162, 173, 182, 193, 197. London University, 116,134,224,235,263,264. Lower Canada Schools. 187, 188. Maciulay, Chief Justice, 104, 119, 120, 121, 266, 267. Macaulay, Hon. John, 206, 247. Macallum, Archibald, 161. Macdonald, Hon. J. S., 8, 11, 14, 19, 23, 29 121 231 Mackenzie, Wm. Lyon, 88,89, 227, 231, 232, 236, 237, 239, 240, 241. Macnab, Rev. Dr., 164. Macnab, Sir A. N., 18, 226, 231, 232, 267. Maitland, Sir Peregrine, 84, 85. Mann, Hon. Horace, 208. Manuscript of University Bill 1850. 9. Massachusetts Schools, 12, 75, 76, 208, 209, 211. Mayors of Cities and Towns, Circular to, 203. McCaul, Rev. Dr., 118. 123, 127, 270, 271, 273, 274, 279, 283, 289, 290, 294. McGill, Hon. P.. 169, 160, 162, 163, 164. Medicine. School of. 227. 228. 2£9. 230, 232, 237, 238, 241, 242, 243, 247, 249. Meetings, Penalty for disturbing. 49. Methodist Church and Victoria College, 161. Minister of Education, Mr. Hincks on, 14. Model Schools, 207 ; Inspectors as Heads of, 66. Motfatt, Lewis, 104, 116, 256, !'«< J87. Morals of Pupils, 197. Moral Instruction in Schools, 197, 198. Morrison. J. C, 8, 11, 24, 118, IIU, 123, 124, 127, 130. 133, 134, 136, 137, 140. 168, 160, 164. 24(>, 268, 299, 271, 274, 276, 276, 281, 296. Municipal Councils, {See Councils;. Murray, Rev. Robert, 270, 271, 294. Naphegyi, Dr. Gabor, 273, 275, 276. Nelles, Rev. Dr., 153. New Brunswick. King's College, 246. New England Free Schools. 76. Nineteenth Section of School Act of 1860, 16, 24, 25. 26, 38. 237. 240, 241. Normal School, U.C, 23, 47, 67, 68. 64. 66, 69, 166, 157, 160, 169, 189, 192, 228, 294, 295 Objections to Free Schools answered, 79, 80, 81. Office of Chief Superintendent, Abolition of the, I. 16. 29, «4, 70. Opening of King's College, 86, 87. Padfield, Rev. James, 62. Palladian Style of Architecture for Educa- tion Buildings, 161. Pastoral Addresses of Bishop Strachan, 91, 92, 110. Peel, Sir Robert, 102, 113, 267. Petitions against School Act of 1860, 229, 241, 242. Petitions to the Queen, 97. 103. 105. 113. Philosophical Apparatus, (in 1807), 84. Portland. Duke of, 83, 105, 111, 114, 262, 267. 258. Presbyterian Church (of Scotland), 146 ; Synod, 160. (See Free Church.) Price, Hon. J. H., 4, 8, 14, 17, 18, 24, 230, 231 236. Prince, Col. John, 13, 26, 238. Professors of the Toronto University, 1861, 294. Public Opinion on School Legislation tested, by the Hon. Francis Hincks, 64. Public Schools of England, 90. Pupils in the Schools of U. C, in 1850, 166. Provincial Secretary. {See Secretary, Pro- vincial.) Qualifications for Teachers Certificates, 218, 219, 220. Queen's Bench on Separate School Law of 1850, 240. Queen's College, 2, 23, 27, 85, 11.3, 114, 131, 132, 146, 147. 148, 149, 228, 230, 236, 253, 264, 256, 263, 264, 266. Queen's Colleges, Ireland, 267, 259. Queen's Letter, 96, 97. Queen, Petitions to the, 96, 9V, 103, 105, 244. Quorum of Senate, 60. Rate Bill on Parents vs. School Rate on Property, 181. Regiopolis College, 2, 23, 26, 147, 230, 236. Reeves, Circular to Town, 206. Si ** 308 INDEX. II ii HeKiuB Profeaaonhips, 61. R»)Kulation«, Scho.1, 168, lf)» 162. Helationa of the Government to Dr. Ryer- ■on, 8, ]3, 14, 6». Religious Census of U.C. (See Census.) Religious Instruction in Common Schools, 71. 167, 197, 198, 211, 296. Religious Initruotion to University Students, 18, 60, 72, 85, 8fl, 89, 90. 95, 104, 105, 108, 110, 131, 147, 244, 269, 264, 268, 294. Remedial (Separate School) Law, {See Sep- arate Schools). Report for 1860, School, 24, 236. Residences for Teachers, 55, 65. Retrenchment Committee, (^ee Financial Committee). Richards, Hon. W. B., 11. 12, 13, 18, 231. Richoy. Rev. Dr., 163, 154. Robertson, Thomas J., 162, 189, 190. Robinson. Hon. Chief Justice.). B., 18, 28, 104, 186, 260, 267, 283. Robinson, Hon. W. B., 6, 104, 231. Ross, Hon. John, 240, 241, 243. Ryerson, Rev. Dr., 2. 9, 14, 16, 20, 61, 69, 71, 72, 74, 110, 163, 154, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 176, 184. 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, 202, 206, 209, 213, 215, 217, 218, 220, 263, 278, 279, 283, 284. Ryerson, Rev. Dr., Relations to the Govern- ment of 1850. 8, 13, 14, 59. Ryerson, Rev. Dr., Letter to Hon. F. Hincks, 71. Ryerson, Rev. Dr., as a Teacher, 210. Ryerson, Rev. John, 20, 151, 163. Russell, Lord John, 118. Russell, President, 83. Salary of the Chief Superintendent sought to be reduced. 7. 8, 13, 14, 15, 188. Sangster, John H. , 162. Scadding, Rev. Dr. Henry, P4, 117, 266. Secrecy, Declaration of, 280, 281. School Acts of 1846, 1847 and 1849, Hon. F. Hincks' Test of Public Opinion on the, 64. Schools in 1860, Common, 165, 187, 213.' School Houses of Fifty years ago, 295. School Section, sizo of, 166. Scotland, Five Universities in, 256. Secretary, Provincial, 27, 28, 125. 130, 133, 135, 136, 142, 156, 161, 162, 163, 164, 189, 191, 192, 242, 244, 246, 247, 253, 254, 256, 257, 259, 262, 265, 268, 276, 278, 280, *290, 291, 292. Senate of the University, 50, 118, 122, 180, 131, 142, 233. 234, 267, 269, 271, 273, 274, 276, 277, 278, 280, 283, 28S. Separate Schools, 6. 11, 16, 24, 25, 38, 207, 208, 221, 228. 237, 239. 240, 243, 248. 250. Separate Schools, Church of England, 228,242. Sherwood, Hon. Henry, 6, 11, 14. 126, 130, 132, 221, 229, 231, 236, 276, 278. Simcoe, Governor, 3, 80. Site of Education Building, 159, 162, 163. Site of Victoria College, removed to Toronto. (See Victoria College. ) Small, J. B.. 138, 139. 287, 288, 290, 292. Smith, L W., 119, 120, 122, 273. Smithsonian Institution, 111. Sparks. Jared, quoted, 217. Statistics. U. (.'. School in 1860, 174. Strachan, Bishop, 82, 92, 95, 99, 103, 106, 107. 109, HI, 112, 116, 116, 117, 131, 13.3, 241, 244, 246, 246, 262, 263, 264, 257, 268, 269, 260, 262, 266, 266, 267. Spfnce, Hon. Robert, 1. Surrender of King's College Charter refused, 86, S6, 258. Surrender of Denominational College Charters proposed, 246, 263, 264, 266. Superintenaents of Schools, Local, 43, 194, 200, 201, 209. Sydenham. Lord, (C. P. Thomson), 0, 67, 65. Synod of Presbyterian Church, (See Presby- terian). Taxable Inhabitants of U.C, Circular to,203. Taylor, Rev. Dr. L, 163. Teachers, Circular to, 216, 217. Teachers, Duties of, 36. 196. Teachers and Free Schools, Good, 77, 216. Teachers in U. C, in 1860. 167. Teachers, Reminiscences of Superannuated, 295. Teacher should be. What a, 196, 200, 219. Test of Public Opinion on the School Acts, by the Hon. Francis Hincks, 44. Test, Religious, 86. Text-Books, 65, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 163, 167, 193. Thornton, Patrick, 57, 66. Township School Boards, 39. Township School Superintendents, 56, 67, 69, 60, 61, 66, VO, 71. Township Councils, 37, 179, 180, 206, 207. Town Schools in U.C. in 1860. 170, 178. Trinity College Bill, 18. 221, 226, 228, 229. 230,231,241,242,245. 247, 248, 249, 260,266. Trinity College Charter, (See Church Uni- versity). Trinity College Council.100,1 14, 116, 249, 266. Trinity University Beview, 266. Trustees, Duties of School, 11, 32, 33, 55, 61, 6i, 176. 178, 179, 196, 213, 214. University Act, Amendments of in 1850, Bald- win, 2, 9. 16, 17, 18 19, 20, 28, 29, 30, 31, 49. 82. 87, 89, 91. 98, 109. 110. 112, 122, 12^ 134, 136, 147, 152, 232, 235, 236, 246, 258, 293. University Bill in part, in Manuscript, by Hon. R. Baldwin, 9. University Bill by W. H. Boulton, 232-236. University Bill by Hon. H. Sherwood, 221, 229, 236. University of Upper Canada, 233. University Amendment Act of 1837. 89,254, 256, 268. University College, 233. 263, 266. University Question in Upper Canada, 252. Upper Canada College, 16, 19, 23, 52, 124, 127, 128, 130, 137, 138, 139, 227, 232, 252, 256, 278, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 291. York County Council and the Common School Act of 1850, 70, 165. ■ York Grammar Schools, 23, 52. W, 174. S, »y. 103, 106, I, 117, 131, 13.1, . 254, 257, 258, hartor refused, iunal College I, 204, 265. Local, 43, 194, ison), 0, 67, 65. Ij, (See Presby- Circular to ,203. 7. ood, 77, 215. J7. Superannuated, 96. 200, 219. e School Acts, s, 44. 62, 63, 64, 66, idtocte, 56, 57, 80, 206, 207. . 170, 178. 226, 228, 229. 8,249,260,266. B Church Uni- 4,116,249,266. 5. LI, 32, 33, 55, 213, 214. •fin 1850. Bald- , 28, 29, 30, 31, 110. 112, 122, , 236, 236, 246, tianuscript, by ulton, 232-236. Sherwood, 221, 233. P1837, 89,264, 266. Canada, 252. ), 23, 52. 124, \ 227. 232, 262, I, 289, 291. ]!ommon School 2.