IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) m^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmAs it des taux dn rMuction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film* d partir de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le numbre d'images n^cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^>'\:t; I S0nd|T f0r tin f rnpagatbir ai tin »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦•♦ THE RESULTS OF 180 YEARS OF WORK, AS .sr.T FoP.'i '{ IN Xcttera of Colonial S, mmiomv^ Bisbopa, rXTKACTF.D CHIEFLY FI;OM TlIF, AN]N'UAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1881 ; Tu \\1||(H ARE ADlJED Some Historical Notes of the Growth of the Church and of the Society's labours in divers parts of the World. " Qua regio in terris nostri non plena laboris ?" SOCIETY FOR THE PROrAOATION OF THE GOSPEL IN FOREIGN PARTS, 19, DELAHAY STREET, WESTMINSTER, S.W. "Aii'l if wi' want rncoura^'iMiifnt, I tliiuk \\f may find it i-i a f,atur,> pri'sciitr.l liy our last Rfiinrt. Those of you who liavf ivai' it— I ai'i not suri' that n'liorts of iiiLssionavy swiutics ait; ivail as much as th-y ouglit to 1« — will ivi,ii'iiil» i that it contains litters from more than forty Bishops of dioccssis or missinns whi.-h have been foimdid tInou,i;h the ai^'cncy of our Society or have been assisted by it. Now I would have you to consider in your own mimls what these more tlian forty letti'rs mean, what it is to which they testify ? I will allow any one who '-i^hcH to do so to pick holes in the letters, to make drawbacks here and i|nalification.-3 there, and to appraise the whole upon any principle of valuation which he may choose to lay down ; and after all I defy him not to adnut that there is evidence in these letters of work deep-laid, widcsi)rcad, and permamnt. Tlie work that has be. n done th.-ouj,'h the a<,'cncy an.l ludp of the Socii'ty for the Propagation of the Cospel is such that you cannot conceive any deluge that can sweep it away. I do not say that we have nut with unvaried success, that wc liave made lu. nustakss, that w- have incurred no failures ; but I do say that our work, now extending over something like two centuries, is ar. imjiortant item in tin; religious history of the whide world. AVe ,ire not only a Society ./«•/■ the Propagation of the Gospel, but wc are a Society that h"^ propagated it, and wh-is.^ work of propagation is (.bvious to all those who open their eyes to see, or who will riiid the lieport to whicdi ] have ivferr.d."-/iV/,v/c/ //•-//( (/ S(.'Mon preiu'l<"l hij the Lor. I .U.shijp of Cii.rU^h in SL I'mifs Calhed.i'l on (lie )nxt AnnlnrMnj u< the Siiciihj, Jaw: It, 1882. Those into whose hands this book may come are requested to circulate it or otherwise to make its contents known as widely as possible. Soticti) for tin |]rop:i0;itiun of tljc (!3osp (I in I.^OIUGIX OF THE SOCIETY. About the your insxi, wlien Dr. Thomas Bray was* app> intod Connnissary of tlio Hisliop of Loiulon for ^faryland, iiianv f.iithful C'lmrchiiK'n in Eiiglaml were awakened to tlie fact tliat after six- teen eentiirii's of Christianity "not more tlian (me fifth of tlie popnlatioii of the world hear? the name of Christian " ; and tliey were moved by (Jod's Holy Spirit to give their attention particu- larly to the spiritual wants of thoso fourteen colonies on the coast of North America, which were then subject to the British Crown. In that strip of land peopled by 24(),0U() colonist.-,, and extending from .Alaine to South Carolina, some provinces were without auv jiublic form of religion ; five are described as without any profes.sell members of the Church of England ; its ministrations were acces- sible only at a few places in Virginia, Maryland, New York, and at Piuladelphia and Boston ; and the neighbouring Iroipiois and Yarr-- mon.sea Indians had been partly instructed only by the Jesuits and the New England Society. To extend the Gospel there lirst was the object of Dr. Bray and his friends. Knowing that they might form themselves iixto a voluntary society, thev deli])erately pre- ferred acting under authority as a chartered body. His zealous ellorts were powerfr.lly aided l)v ArchI)ishop Tenison, Bishop Couipton, and other bishops ; by the Lower House of the Con- vocation of Canterbuiy, iii which a committee was appointed in Marr-h, 17(10, to consider "the best means of promoting tho ( hristian religion in the Colonies " ; as well as bv some endnent laymen. At length, after meeting only buffs and failures for hve years, the Petition of Dr. Bray, s , .ported bv Archbishop lenison, succeeded in procuring, on IGth June, 17<"ll. a Charter under the Boyal Seal of King William III. constituting ninety-sivc p<>r-ons the lirst inember^ nf ;, corpnate Societiif^r thr Propaqation '^ of the Gospel In Forei.jn Parta. On April Otli, lS8i', the old Charter havM.H l,,.rn oun.l to I.e not in harmony with the present condition an.l wants of the .Society, \hn- Majesty was fjraeiously pleased to ^Mant a .SMpplenH-ntal Charter, which will simplify the Society's operations, and i,y representation will ^.ive to alfits members' a share in the administration of its aifairs The circumstances which called the Scx^iety into existence are stated I,oth in the Petition presented hy Dr. Bray, and i. the Charter, to l,e:-(l) That in many colonies the provisi.m made for min.sters is very mean. (2) That many other colonies nre wholly destitute or a maintenance for ministers, and the public worslup of (,oD. (;5) That for want of such maintenance many w 1 i"^'.' •''•'^J*''^^-'^ ^^e without the administration of God;. Word and .Sacraments, and seem to be abandoned to atheism, lutiilciity. and superstition. With the ultim.ite hope, therefore, of promoting the rdory of God by the instruction of those people in the Christian religion, the Society was directed by it. Charter to endeavour (1) to provide a suthc.ent maintenance for an orthodox clergy to live among th-m , (-) to make other provision for the propagation of the Go.sppl ^i those pai-ts; and (3) to receive, manage, and dispose of the charity ot ills Majesty s subjects for those purposes. When the Society began to set about the work for which it had been called into existence by the united voice of the Spiritual and Temporal Rulers of the land, itVas found that its work consisted of three great br:inches, (1) the care and instruction of our own people set led in the colonies ; (l') the conversion of the Indian natives; and .3) the conversion of the negro slaves. The tirst Missionaries of the !^"ciety the Rev. George Keith aud the Rev. Patrick Gordon, sailed from England on the 24th April, 1702, and landed at Boston in Jsorth America on June 11th. Other clergymen schoolmasters, and presents of books were sent immediately after- wards to the continent of America, and to the l!,itish factories at Moscow and Amsterdam. II.— NORTPI AMERICA. As has been already mentioned, the portion of the North American Con inejit which is now known as the United States, was the scene of the Society s earliest labours. Until 1784 it was busily engaged n planting the Church of Christ in those regions, and in assisting the members of that Church in their urgent demands for the episcopate. Among the Libourers, whose heroic careers are apt to be xorgotten and pushed aside by more recent triumphs of Missionary service, was John W esley, who for two years was a Missionary of the ■^^i>.- in I, to, the Society sui,[K)rte.l sevonty-sevon cloi-jrymcn in th« ; 2i; ("h T'^f,'''"^ '""^^ severely for their stea.Tv att.ehm u the r Church and k.n^^ ; u.any of then. Wrely es,.a,.in^. vv„h th'. r hves to K-.glnnd. or to the nei.W.hourin^. provlnees of r'anu.la a 1 Jsova Scoha, whi.h still retained their all..,Manee to the tt i country. 1 he po.ce of 17S;5 found the Chnr.-h in Au,..ri.-a w to. and almost destroyed. Vir,Mnia had 164 ehurches and ninet on cW^ymen at the he,nnnin. of the war ; at the end of it very inZ of her cdiurches were in ruins (some of which remain to this day) and of her nmety-one clergymen only twentv-eight n main.d 1 et out of this very scene of oeath came life. Th.,- same stroke which had severed the colonies from Kn-dand. had .set the Church also ree to obtain for herself at last that gift of the epi.e Ztn which had been so long denied to her earnest and passloi e longings. As soon as the peace was ma.le. Dr. Samuel Sea buv one of the Society's Missionaries, being elected Bish/; bv the c e ?; of Connec icut, went to England for consecration, wi,ich ho at len'' ''^'' ^"^^ i^i^top Madison, of \ irginia, was also consecrated in England, in 1 7.0. By these four Bishops others were duly consecrated as occasion called tor It, and new bishoprics were created, until their number has Zn ZIT *° "■''''"'^"' ''" '^""''-" '' ''''--y ^-°=" --« This mighty Church, which has now nearly completed irs first centuiy of independent life, bars not only covered the land of its birth from the Atlantic to the Pacific, but has also sent out M ss on if A Hen rZ-h •^'' T'^P"^ leadership) to Greece, to the West Coast ot Afnca, to China, to Jipan, to Haiti, and to Mexico ; and wherever her borders have been extende.l her members have carried with them a lively gratitude for the fostering care of the Mother Church an^ ot the Society which was its sole instrument in sowing and nurtur- ing the precious seed. Indeed, the Society has always been regarded eUL r"%\^'*^'''' '^^ synonymous witli the Chufch of England : from father to son the tr.ulition has been hande.l on and the Bishop of Albany said, at the great meeting heldTn con! nection with the Lambeth Corference of 1878, that long be ore he knew the meaning of the letters S.P.Q.R., his father (who was also klfers'sM '"'^ '' '"^'" '''' '' '''''' ^"^ ^''^ "^-"-=- «f the On the occasion of the Society celebrating its Jubilee in 1851 thf, American Bishops were invited by the An-hbishop of C ,n erbury (Sumner) to take part in " the first celebration of a Jubilee in whih all the members of our church would feel a common interest • " Ws Grace inquired whether "the close communion which binds the 6 < 'IiihtIics (if AiiK'ricii ;iii'l Kiiirl.iii.l in ■.mc, wmil 1 ndt |„- -t i 'kin::!'- iiiaiiifott'd to tlic Willi, I, it cvciy t:ik" piirt in oiiiint'iiior.itiii^' tlu- fouiiiliitioii i>( the oMi'st JVli^sioriiiry Snc'it'tv of tlio Hf'foniu'il ('lunch; a Society whicli, from its first siiiiill lH'(riiiiiiiii,'s iti New Kii;:l;ui(l, li.is cxtciiilcd its opciat ioti> into all [liiits of the woil.l, from tlir ( iiiiiircs to Lake Huron, and from Now Zoalantl to Ldirailor. Siicli a joint commemoration," thi^ Triraato considered " l)esides manifesting; tlie rapid ^'iciwlli and wide extension of our liurch, would serve to keep alive and dilTuse a missionary spirit, and so l>e the means under the l>ivine hles.'.ini,', of eidar^riJii: tlie horders of the Itedeemer's kinj.'tiom." In rt>ply to this invitation, the IJishops profesed tlieir icadim ss to act upon the Piimate's sujr^'est ion, and their letters which appeared in i.vtetiHO in the Society's Report for 1S51, expressed I he fjratitude felt !>•• the Churcli in the Uniteil States towards the S(K-iet v. As the Ue[)ort for l,' the .several Dioceses, as they had increa.sed from one in 1784 to sixty-one in !S78 : — Bisiioi' Littlejohn of Loxf; Isl.wd on the Domestic Missions OF the A.mehic.vn (.'hlucii. "It so hajijiens tiiat much of the work of this venerable Society during the tir.st three years of it.s exi.=^tence, from 17()1 to 1704, was done in Lon,-,' Island, tlie Diocese which, with the Providence of God, I administer. Williin one mile of the spot where the Rev. IS^'S ricnrge Keith, the first Missioriiiry nf tliis Society to Enf,'lish imnii- ^'Viints in America, hehl liis first service my catlieihal is now heinj^ ei-ected. Tt also so happi'iis tlia*: upon me tlevolves tlie privilc 'c and responsibility of pri'siding over tlie Domestic Department of American ^Missions. I know not that tliese facts liad air, ihinp to /, IxtiL-een the Church of Emjland and her children scntten d over the waste places of the Sew Wwld. The Chuivh herself, as all of us now remember with sorrow, was not on'.y indiiTerent to their wants, but, under a malifjn State infiuence, was positively hostile to the adojition of all practical measures calculated to meet them. // in, therefore, with joy and (jratitude that we, the rejiresentatirr.s of the Anterican, Cinn-vh, greet the vcneraUe Society on this occasion. (IS tJie first JivUdir (f ovr ccdesiasiicaJ foundations, and lay at her f'ct the golden sheaves of the harvest from her planting. And what- ever the tribute t(* be paid her by the most prosperous of the colonial Ciuu-ches to-day, it cannot exceed in thankful love and earnest ^rood- will that which we are here to offer. Verily in that compai-atively narrow -oast belt aloiif; the xVtlantic, whicli, in the ei^dite(>nt"h cent my, l»ounded the Clu'istiau endeavoui's of this Society, the litlle one has become a thousand, and the small one a stroni? nation. Tiiose tliirteen cohmies comprised scarcely one-eighth of the present domain of tlie United States, and consecpiently oidy one-eighth of the territory over which, however imperfectly, the work of the American Churcli n(Av extends. The ninety-nine clergymen and catechists of 1771 have increased to more tlian 3,0Sl* clergv an('. 7SG lay-readers. When- there was not a single bishop, there are now twenty five bishops, while in the whole country there are to- day sixty-one. Outside of (Jreat llritain, where there was not one organised dioces(\ there are now fifty-one, and ten missionai-v jurisdic- tions besides.' Where there was not an institution of learning of any sort under Episcopal control, there are now of our own founding (JiirtyCollegiateand Theological Institutions. Still greater, if possilde, is the change in regard to the means needed for the furtherance of (lie Churcli's foui'fold work in parochial mini.strations, in Chiistian The nuiiilicr 't' Mis-ion-- in tliiii\ -six ilincvscs and six Jlissioimrv juiiadirtioiis i-. :':.|i. . 1 - riucatinn ,n rurn^M, nnd Do-.-stic .Missions, .,n\ in or.r.nised U.istian Chantios. In place of tl.e fc-vv tl.uusan.l pounds^^,ised n the A.m.rK-an c(.Iom..s, and contribut..d from this side of the a er, ve have annually .s the re.ult of free-will olferin.. from 1 e fa thful,not le^sthan l(i...(.(.0/. for general and loc: ' Slis.siona ry X; ?'' 'ir'^ """''''?'•''''• ^"'' '^'^ "t'-n-n-oses -•• the Church ;^ ^■11., n. the iorm of lu-nwnwut e.i.lowment f .r Colle-nate Theological, aud Pa.XK.hial schools, there are 84,704.^81'^ Of M.ss.onanes and catechists nosv at the variors llon.e fiehl. Daoccsan an.l Ceneral, there are at least 5..(). An.l this, thank God ,s the return ue n.ake this .lay for the scd s.nvn hv t lis .Souet> K.s.de some .aters ,u the New World more than a ..enturv Ivl tl '"f '^ ' """ """■=''' '""' ^^■'*'' ••'" '"'I'l-asis which not e\en tlie most eloquent toui^ue could rival "And yet grand as that return is, we 'confess that it h-aves the ^"^mmO """'/" 'i '■•■"" --'-^>-- '^ 1-Hl with oler to i; to' , ^"■"' •"• , ^' '-^ >»'I->i''l*' to utter this confession and nJ o 1 '^''•■"";' '^'x ••'■proach which it involves without revert- ing to he cause o* our lan.ntahle inferiority in spite of the faithful w rk done by Anter.:an ( hurclnnen. The storv of that disastrous echpse^ hu.h fell upon the .Mother ("hur-h in the ei.d.teentl cen- ury has been otten told, an,l always with hunnliati^n. Al, hTd she but d<,ne a fractum of her duty at that time, how diltirent o-dax. Instead of the .dotlntig of wrou-d.r gold she mi^rht have h^^T'l ""'• V ""^^ '^l^o"!''"''-^- ^ve spent the lirst tift v vears of our Imt 7^ '■''''""■' '"^ .^'^thering up. one by o.ul, 'th.- broken thieads of her corporate n.lluence : and tiie last tiftv in effectincr an organisation which should have b..en ours ai the ^start. and h! combating sect prejudices and hostilities which should never have or the solemn warning it gives, nov lou.ler than ever, to this < inuvh m Its deanngs with its vast ecclesiastical dependencies n.,w covering the seventh of the globe, an.l out of wllicd. ough to spring, umler a .use fostering care, manv mitional ( 'liurches of surpassing power and glory. JJut if the American Church sulVered so much from the neglect and apathy of her mother in he eighteenth century, she has sulTered not a little from her la k o^ the uiparallele,l_ emigration from her sh.uvs to those of Amei.Va Alas ! what spiritual wastage hers, what untohl thousands have coni" o us Ignorant „i the fact tha. they could haveth. same privilec^-s n What thousamis ha ve det.led ah.ng our highways and by ways without tlure years, of all oll.rinps n.pn.-tod, §2], .535,506. vw'-^.Us-. lot.il, loi I bringing with them a lino of guidance and instruction as to their religious duty in their new home ! And as a consequence multitude^, wliich no man can number, have been swallowed up amid the sects' and uvns and unl)olief of that new-grown, but gigantic life of Amenca. It is not too .much to say that the losses in this wav have been nea-iy equal to all the gains of our Missionary work • hut I must hasten on to say a word or two descriptive of the spirit and purpose of oiu American Home Missions, besides the work among the needy and benighted millions of our own race \\e have a record among tlie emancipated negroes and the Indian tribes so lull of interest and promise that, if time allowed, I should be glad to speak ot it ii, detail. Would that the devoted Bishop of Niobrara were. :ere to tell the story of his labours and successes among the rude savages of the North- West. " Our stewardship is noble in its inspiration, but crushing in its magnitude Lveiything pleads with us tor .eal, energv. and fore thought. In the ,,resenco of suca a life and of such a future idle- ness IS a crnne which Cod Himself could hardly for- ive. No man need argue with us as to the only true fouadations of our Kepublic ^\e know, as well .s we know the sun in heaven, that unless we build the nation on Jesus Christ, and the Church which is His Uodv our hopes are but wind and emptiness, and all our wonderful material growtli and political development nre but the harbin-er of premature corruption and .lecay. We know that the cross of the hon of God IS tno exdy sure barrier .ogainst social convulsions marching on there as well as here under banners cm which an atheistic conimun.sm has already inscribed its ominous watch-words and IS terrible battle-cry. Not only to educate, but to Christianise oureducation, IS the supreme duty of the hour, whetherwe consider the interests of the Kingdom of God or those of the State Eoman ism IS not the religion for our nation, unless its libertv and nrocrress are doomed to an early death. Sectarianism is not the religion for It, un ess It be ated to perish in anarchy and disintegration? AVhafc IS called liberal Christianity will not do. unless our people are to part with every vestige of a Divine faith, and so with the funda- mental condition of permanent greatness. Tli.U land eminentlv ay, more than any other, if possible, nreds, n.,t theories of Chris' lan.ty but the simjde facts of Christianity ; not m.Mi-ma.le svstems but fiod-given verities ; not .schools of Christian thouglit. not pious' voluntary societies, but Evangelical truth, pillare.l and grounded on Apostolic order; the unlnoken historic Church, free, n-formed, Catholic purged alike of the shadows of Me-iKwalism .nn,l the false igl'.tsof ]>^it.onal>sm : oftVring to man life eternal thr ugh Jesus Christ, as R.t... and Paul oifcied it to J.wnd (Gentile ^i^htem centur.es ago . ven the laith once delivered, the same yest^rdav to-day ami tor ever. If we have any mission at all from God m hat continent, hese are the needs which our Church is placed there to meet, blie has a historv. n nnlif,- o „ 1..„ _ i , • _ . 10 Christ, a ministry whicli enalile her to meet them. Iler Missionary Episcopate, reaching from the ATississinpi to the Pacific, is worthy of the best ajjes of the faith, counting as it docs in its ranks men of surpassing zeal and heroic mould, wiio stand like anvils to he h.aten, not broken, l)y the wild, strange life of that mighty region out of which a score of f)opulous empires will soon rise. I ask you to-day to remember, with your own great Missionary apostles in your distant colonies, those men of America, and with them the less known, but hardly less deserving helpers gathered at their side— .Sentinels standing guard on the outermost battlements of '/Aon ; Messengers and heralds crying unto the incoming millions, ' Prepare ye over desert and mount.iin a highway for our (Jod ' ; Pioneers on whom the sun takes its last look as it sinks away from our con- tinent on the great Western sea. llemember theia, pray for them in their toil, and loneliness, and poverty. " May God si)e."d the work of this Society in the future as in the past. The greatest, the most eu(luring, the most fruitful of all Missionary organisations of Reformed Clu'istondom, may it continue to be in the years to come, as in ihose which are gone, tlie workshop of Churches, the treasury of needy souls all over the world, a clujsen instrument of the Holy Spirit for upbuilding and guiding the Missions of the Holy Catholic Church in all lands and among all peoples which as yet know not (Jod and Jesus Christ whom He has .sent to be the Saviour of the world." The Society's work in the United States being thus completed, and the American Church having become by the treaty of ITs;; no longer a Chirchinthe Cohmies or dependencies of Great Ihitain, the Society was released from any further obligatiojis to it, and was thus enabled to devote its energies to a like fostering of the infant Churches in those portions of the North American continent which still remained under the dominion of the r.ritisli Crow.i, and subsequently to other parts of the world, and the following letters attest the manner in which she dischari:ed these new obligations. In 1703 the Society commenced work in Ne\>foundland ; tliere are now a IJishop and (including liermuda) sixty-one clergymen, with a nol)le cathedral, not yet completed, 114 churches, and fifty- three pai'sonages. Th(> Society'., grants to Newfoundland have .•ilways l)een large in conseijuence of the poverty oi' I lie people ; yet in no part of the world has the spirit of self-help been more nobly disidayed, or a higher value for the privileges of tlie Church been exhibited. The Society gave from its Jubilee Fund, in 1S51, £1,000 for the endowment of scholarships in the Theological College at St. Jolin's, and subsequently it gave ,£J,000 towards the endowment of the see. The grant for IS.'So is i'o.OuO. In 17H» the Society commenced work in Nova Scotia, and. witli the assistance of the Governuient, has continued to maintain the *•* 11 *•* Cluircli to tlie jircsent day. The sec of Nova Scotia, the Prst on the roll of Colonial Dioceses, was founded in 17^7, and liishop Infjlife was in spiritual char^'e of all Britisli Possessions in North America. In tlie e.xistiuf,' diocese of Nova Scotia tliere are 102 clergymen The Society founded twelve exhibitions at Windsor College, gave £1,000 towards the Clergy Endowment Fund, and ."-till grants £1,550 per annum to the diocese. After the war of American Independence the Society followed the churchmen who omigrated from the States into Lower Canada, Imilding its first church, and placing its first pastor at Sorel, now in tlie dioce.so of ^lontreal. lu 17'J3 the bishopric of Quebec was founded, and 'here were in Lower Canada only six clergymen, and three in L^pper Canada. To the various educational institutions in Canada, which are nov^ the chief sourci's of the supply of its clergy, the Society has been a large contributor. To Trinity College, Toronto, it gave £3,000, and an excellent site; to l>ishop's College, Lennoxville, £1,000 for endowment, £1,000 for scholarships, and £250 for the endowment of a chair of theology ; to the diocese of Toronto it gave, in 1858, a parting gift of £'J,00O, in aid of a large endowment scheme ; INIontreal and Huion have each had a grant of £1,000 for endow- ment of the clergy ; and the see of Ontario was established by the help of the Society, which gave £1,000 towards its endowment ; and tilt! Mis.sionary diocese of Algoma has received a promise of £1,000 towards its endowment. Thus, in the Canada on which the Society entered in 17i'^4 with a single clergyma. , the!' are now seven dioceses, with 500 clergymen, and of these dioceses four are entirely self-supporting. In 1850 (he Society became connected with Rupertsland, then almost unknown to the outer world ; for fifteen years its grants did not exceed £250 per annum ; but now that it has become the most promising field for immigrants that the world has ever known, its grants have been increased tenfold. The original diocese has become four; to Moosonee and Athabasca the Society has not extended help, but it has been mainly instrumental in founding the diocese of Saskatchewan, and to lUipertsland it has recently voted a grant of £4,000 for the endowment of the clergy. With r.ritish Columbia the Society became connected in 1857, .'ind on the appointment of the Bishop in 1 '^59 its assistance was increa.sed until it reachod at onetime the .sum of £2,000 per annum. The original diocese has been divided into three ; for the establish- ment of the see of New Westminster tlie Society is largely respon- sible ; its grant to this diocese is now £750 per annum, wliile the original diocese, now limited to Vancouver's Island and some small adjacent islands, is considered to be able to stand alone. There are now in British North America sevente(>n dioceses and 810 clergymen, and the Society's ])resent annual grants to nine of the.se dioce.ses exceeds I2,'M)0/. |ier annuui. m 12 Letter from the Bishop of Frederictox. I WILLINGLY accede to your request, to send you a summary ot t[.e fruits which I conceive to liave been produced in this diocese by the assistance of the S.P.G., though the task is one ot considerable difficulty. Properly speaking I must go back to the year 1/69, when Mr. Wood, the Society's Missionary, paid a vi^it to bt. John and other settlements. It was, however in 1 785 that^ Mr. Cooke was appointed to be the first stated Missionary to JSew Brunswick. I infer from the scanty records to whicia I have access, that the Church of England in this province always had to contend with groat difficulties. A very lar^e portion cf the inhabitants were French Aradians, all Roman Catholics, who form noxu one-sixth of the population ; and many the early settlers in the neighbourhood of Fredericton and elsewhere, who came from the United States before the Revolu- tion, were Baptists or Congregationalists. I draw a like inference from the recorded fact, that when Mr. Cooke first settled at i^rcdencton, the inhabitants were 400 in number, but only 100 went to church, Avhich renders it probable that manv of those who did not attend we.e either Roman Catholics or Dissenters lo be sure there was little to invite them, as the service was held in the " King's Provision Store," used for almost every secular purpose, amongst others for balls and dancin<^ parties, as well as for the sale of merchandise, and probably tor the sale of spirits. I think fully eleven years passed betore a suitable church was completed. When I now tell you that at Easter this year we had 209 communicants, as on Christmas Day, and that from Christmas Day to the Epiphany 4o9 communicated in the cathedral alone, besides niar who went to the parish church, you will see that the etto s ot tho S.P.Cx. have not been in vain in this place, as well as in many others. But you desire that my account should be brief 1. Between 1785 and 1845, the year that Xew Brunswick received its owu resident Bishop, the accounts are very meagre aiid the information is, I presume, in the archives of the S P g' However, the clergy liad increased from one to twenty-ei^ht the number that I lound in active employment; and all tlic towns and many of the Missio . had a resident clergyman among them, llie misfortune has uways been the overgrown size of tho i:5 Missions, and the difficulty of supplying every congregation with a regular service once a week. 2. Hence has arisen an earnest and, in many instances a successful and most liappy effort to divide the Missions, which could not have been done without the aid of the S.P.G., and which, even with its aid, has been found a work of considerable difhculty, sometimes from the want of men, and often from want of means. I note thirt} -eight such places, either divided or where wholly new Missions have been formed. I need not sav that the services have been multiplied. There is not one of these new centres of work in which the offerings of the people to the Church have not considerably increased 3. The completion of the cathedral, besides setting the example of a daily service and frequent communions, ha^ -mmensely aided the construction of churches in a manner suitable to objects of I^ivine worship. Seats are fitted to be kneeling-places and in the great majority of churches are free to all. Sacred music is encouraged and cultivated. Hvmns are everywhere sun<' Frequent celebrations of the Holy Communion are held. A growing reveieiice is observed in the House of God. Meetings of the clergy are held, at which Missionary meetings form°a usual part of the proceedings of the assembled deanery. :Mis- sions have been held in country places with marked and excel- lent effect. And there are now scarcely any places in the whole of New Brunswick in which the church fabric has not been either built, or rebuilt, or restored and greatly improved many of them by the efforts of the parishioners, assisted bv a grant from the S.P.C.K. In St. John I have lately consecrated a new church in the parish of Trinity, the cost of which must be over £lo,000 currency, and which is already adorned with many handsome gifts and memorials. This spacious buHdiu-' is of stone. ° 4. The increase of clergy is as great as could reasonably have been expected. I found about twenty-eight. They are now seventy. Each of them has as much to do as his physical strength will allow him to perform, and three services on Sunday is the rule rather tlian the exception. 5. In regard to communicants, I notice the pleasing fact, that not only do those who communicate attend more fiequently, but that those who are confirmed far more generally become com- municants at once. Very great difficulties, however, surround the young in the scattered districts of the province, far from the ministrations of the Church. 6. I cannot omit the formation of a Synod. The strange mis- apprehensions which prevented its formation having all "passed 14 away, our Synod bus now, for several years, met in a spirit of toleration, fairness, and harmonious co-operation, uor has party spirit been allowed to interfere with its proper work. 7. The exertions of the members of the Church of Enfjland to sustain their own Church. Here it is only just that I should remind the Society that, compared witli tlie upper provinces of Canada, ours is a very poor and backward province. The climate is more severe, the country less inviting ; we have no profitable endowments arising from extensive clergy reserves, and in most cases the endowments we possess have been «^Mven by our own members, the value of the Crown glebes being extremely small. The immigration into New Brunswick has consisted almost entirely of Scotch and Irish, furnishing large occessions to Presbyterians of various denominations, and to Roman Catholics. Whilst such immigrants stand at the opposite extreme from each other, and are extremely numerous, besides a very large and powerful body of Baptists, it is obvious that the Church of England, occupying a middle ground, holding many truths in common with all, and yet having a distinctive faith not held by any other body, does not find favour with those who think that we either believe too much or too little. We find the difficulty pressing on us at every turn, especially at Con- firmations. But I am happy to say that we hold our own, and that there is no bitterness or violence of controversy between us. Yet how different is our condition /rom that of England, where parish after parish was liberally endowed, not indeed by the State, but by the zeal of ancient geuerctions. We liave much to thank the Society for : not only for its benevolent and constant aid, but for the tenderness and considera- tion with which it has permitted us to retain so much of its assistance, and for withdrawing gradually, so as not to oblige us to close many of our Missions, which would have been inevitable had the whole sum granted been withdrawn at once. The report of our Diocesan Church Society will show t^ ^ exertions made by our members to maintain their own positio... By legacies we have investments to the amount of lu;»,OOU dollars ; for the widows and orphans of the clergy we have invested LSjOOO dollars; for assistance to incapacitated clergy, 5,100 ; for Divinity scholarships, 1,-00 : for education of children of the clergy, 1,000. Our Missions contributed by way of assess- ment 14,720 dollars last year to the income of the Missionaries, besides voluntary contributions o the Church Society of 3, 00. Besitles this, we pay pensions to three widows. The Society will see from this statement how large the advance is on former e.xertions, and that at a time when our 15 j^enoral prosperity is greatly diminished, and uur taxation far licavicr than it used to hn. I tliink tlie advance has been larger than I could possibly have expected. Add to this, that the runninj^ expenses of maintaining all our churches and oarsonages fall entirely on ourselves. It is always painful to a Bishop, in giving account of the benefit of pecuniary assistance from home, to be obliged to say so Timch of teniiH)ral matters, and so little on what cannot be numbered nor estimated, the spiritual benefits which arise out of the fostering care of the venerable Society. In proportion as Churchmen believe that the good seed caimot be sown in vain, that the services and ministrations of tlie Cliurch of God will be blessed to the souls of men, in spite of all human deficiencies, in the same proportion will they trust that what God has sent has been blessed and prospered to the spiritual good of many thousands in New I'runswick. To Ilim, as tliu author of all good, we ascribe all the praise, and to ourselves all the shame of not having done more, and of uot havinsf done better. John Fuedericton. Letter from the Bisiiop af XoVA SCOTIA. *> The earliest date of the extension to Nova Scotia of the labours of the venerable Society with which I am ac(iuainted is 174'.t, when, with a view to the colonisation of the jirovince, the British Government applied to the Society, requesting it to send a iiiinister and a schoolmaster to eacli of six to.vnships, undertaking to sot apart lands for their maintenance. To this application the Society cheerfully responded, and " came to a resolution of providing clergymen and sclioolma.sters as settle- ments should be formed, and the occasions of Uie colony should require." The Society at that time so actively interested itself in this province, that it made a special appeal for additional funds to be expended here ; and from that date has continued it? festering care with tlie most beneficial results. Indeed for a long series of years the existence of the Church in many scattered settlements depended almost entirely upon the support furnished by it. Its efforts, moreover, secured in some places porinanent endowments, tlirougli tlie allotineut of lands by the Governnu'ut. Some portions have been lost throu.uh their •V ■"^1"" anv 1 Sui'iie Li-ililuOi' ir, but still raucli benefit has accrued in several valueless ; districts. Tliere are doubtless amon" the Sn^infv'a t.^^^,, i i i t c ^rroat clan-o was made in the condition of the Colcuia Churcli by the creation of the first see in 1787 and ^ consecration of Dr. Charles luglis as Bishop of X^va Scott wh jurisdiction over the whole of British Nor limerh:'' I happily the progress of the Church was delaye.l by tl^not les.d.nce of Bishop Stanser. until lie was at leLth hid ced tJ resign and was succeeded by the Rev. John Ingh: in 1825 withdraw; 'f ./^^^"'■"•^ «f the Society were' crippled by the withdrawal o. tlie annual grant voted by Parliament but <.oo,I service was done to this diocese by the arrangemen made wit b/p^Xr't/'"S-^'" '\^^-^^^^^^ then^lliltingth^u d recJ V t % ''": ^'T ' '", '''^r'^' ^^"^1^ t'>«y ^vere then receiving. ( t the twenty-eight there are now onlv three remaining ; but for nearly fifty vears the diocese lus been deriving benefit from the arrangement tlien effected by the bocicay. On the death of Bishop Inglis in IS^-fo he income of grant :?°ioS"n: '^ ^'" '^'^'''''^^ '' ^'-^ Parliamera; fnd L; 'J r p.? ''' v^''"'^ ^"'^ ''^^'•'^"^ the Society intervened :;poiKri,/l85'u '''''-' ' '^'''-'^'^ eaaowniLt after mV' Of the benefits derived from the venerable Society durincr ,nLl -Ti ^'f', "^ "^^ Episcopate, I am happy to be ah e o itiiiTa rl r\'f "" " ""^^^' ''^^ -y own intimate acquaintance with the circumstances of the several ^llissions And I deeply regret that it has been deemed necessa y to w th-' diaw, to a great extent, the aid which has been productive f so much good. From a knowledge of tlie extrao d n^y - owtl and prosperity of some of th.e Jiritish colonies it iL bl b^Tlfto't:^^"^?' ^'"- ''r '''''' ^^^'^^^ ™ De al.fe, to a great extent, to provide for themselves But this IS an UP.warranted assumption, and tlie inferiori y of \ ova bcotia may be inferred from the fact that the cif of ITa if^.V although It IS the only town in the province lar-e enou-di to deserve the name of town. Then our villages, even w^'ien !ar 'e enough to maiiita n a resident minister, are o d' vied anion ' e several denominations of Christians that no con4.a?ion i1 sti^ng enough to maintain its own minister witlumt extSnnl men whopT •?•'' '°'"''' ""' ''^'^^' '^^^^ settlements of fisliei- S one Lr f w?"" TV''' ^'^'^' ^° ^'"^^^^^^^ ^^y'^" ^ the limits ot one or two successful seasons, followed by an equal number 17 4 of failurt's, wliilt; all aiu .sulltTin^ liuni the veiy high duties imposed since the creation of tlie Dominion of Carada, by the distant Crntral Parliament at (Atawa. Tlie increase in popu- Intion of the wliole province is very small compared with what it ouyhl to be, because many, and those j,'entTally the best ol our youii^' men and women ^'(j to the United States This' is the common complaint of the cleryy, that tliose whom they hav,; tiained, and to whom they have looked as the future streii-tli ol the ( 'hurch, leave then. ;..t the very time when they are beninninn to be useful. From the above statements the Society will perceive that we are st'Ii ilependent upon its aid in many of our Missions, so far that without It the eflbrts of the people would be of no avail because they cannot, unaided, make up enju-h for the main- tenance oi u cler-yman. Let it not, however, be supposed that vve are tor-etlul of our own diuy in thi.s matter, and relyiuL' altogether upon e.vteriial help. Since my arrival we have raised an endowment lund aiuountin.ir to about i;:i(),0OO, to which the Society iit ita inception contributed £1,001'. We have also a lund lor the relief of superannuated c]ei;yuien, i.i d another for the benefit of v.idows and orphans. We havo also our Board of Home MisMons, working under the control and direction of the Synod, and the congregations are all required to do their part before they can obtain aid. We have thus endeavoured, by all th(^ means m our power, to obviate the evils arising from the gradual withdrawal of the Society's aid, to prepare the parishes to be selt-suppoiting ; but still v\e have been unable to prevent the closing of some churches, and the depaiture to more pros- perous countries of some of the clergy. Therefore I am afraid that unlesb the Society is enabled to continue its grants to this diocese, tlie Iruits of oine of the money expended in former times will be lost, and tlie people will be swallowed up by some heretical sect. ^ 1 have spoken mainly of Nova Scotia, but much of what I nave said applies equally to Prince Edward Island, or, indeed I might say more so, and the Church of England can only hold Its ground there as a .Missionary Church largelv aided bv a Missionary Society. i liiive to regret that little has been remitted to tl"- Society towards its .^lissionaiy work elsewhere ; but the wants of the Missionary diocese of Algonia have been brought before us with the appeals ot our rrovincial Svnod so forcibly that our people have been induced to send there what they have been disposed to contri!,ute lor purely Missionary work. I am glad to see ou the cover ol the last Peport that the Society still recognises the a 18 work for which it was ori^'iually I'oumled in the (.olonies of the Empire, as that on which its funds should be jtriiK^ipr.lly ex- pended, notwithstanding the many calls to minister to the heathen ; and I trust that it may ever he supplied with abundant funds for this work, in ti»e performance of which it may justly claim the confidence and support of Churchmen of all shades of opinion. H. Nova Scotia. Lrtter from thr BiHHor of Qukhkc. Ix answer to your request I be«,' to send yf)U a summary statement of the fruits produced in this diocese by the assist- ance extended to it in the past, especially with reference to the present condition of the diocese ; and to the encoui agemont given by the Society's grants to its independence and develop- ment from within. I should premise, however, that the " present condition of the diocese " will hardly give a view of tlie benefits received from the Society ; its low condition being in fact owing to the success of the work. The rich and prosperous parts of the diocese have done so well as to be able to be cut off from it. And in these, or most of these, the Cliurch is now self- supporting, the present diocese of Quebec being but the exhausted parent of this thriving offspring. The diocese of Quebec, then coiupreliending tlie whole of Canada, was constituted in 179."1 The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel was connecied v/ith it from the first. For the year 1793 I have no records. In 17r4 I find in t}ie diocesan book four appointments: Commissaries for Upper and for Lower Canada, a Rector for Christ Church, Montreal, and a master for the school at Three Rivers. In 18.->j Lii ' loeese of Toronto, consisting of the whole of Upper C .1 '■■ '.I s estabho.ied. This aiocese has subsequently been divided into the Sees of Huron, Ontario, Algoma, and Niagara. In 1850 the remainder of the original dioctse was again divided into the dioceses of Montreal and Quebec. The mere enumeration of these successive 4ages in the growth of the Church indicates the greatness anil permanence of the Society's work. The small seed has grown into a stately tree, and the one 19 (li(.<:(>se has now become seven, out of which at least four are abK' to stand ah)U(>. And tliis lias been in the main lli. work of the S.P.G. The Ijii])ci-al (.nvrrnniciit pai.l Ibrmerly the sahary of the I'.i.shoj) nt (,)ucl)(v, and that of Pome few c'lcrj^vmen, and some hinds were .set apart for the maintenance cf tlie' clergy. At the tim.' of tlie r^sumjition of these lands by the (lovtinment, twelve clerjiymen in the i)resent diocese of Quebec received part of t»-'ir iuconn- from this source, and they were allowed to commute. The wliolc of this commutation money has been funded for the bcuctit oi tlu; tliocese. But the chief sc.uive lor the p.. vuient uf the clergy h..s been the grant of the Society For many yeai.s the Society p.ad the entire salary of its Missionaries Then the people in the several Missions were required to pa^ u portion. Twenty years ago the Society chan-ed the plan of its grants a^nd instead of ])aying a i)ortion ut each clergyman's stipend directly, made a uLck grant to Vr - diucese to be administered by a lioard chosen partly from i rch Society, and partly from the Synod of the diocese i)resided over by ihe Bishop. This system has worked well. And some of its advantafres I conc.,i';e to be these : — ^ 1. The various Missions are assessed for their contribution towards the clergyman's salary according to their means. 2. The promised contributions of the people are actually collected, the Board paying the clergyman, and themselves looking to the Mission for its quota. o. The clergyman's position is improved. He is not lowered i)y a sense of pecuniary dependence upon his parishioners. If he speaks to then of money matters, he speaks not for himself but for the system of which he is part. In any event he is sure of his income. 4. There is every inducement for the Diocesan Board of Missions to make the Society's grant go as far as possible by looking out for the most favourable fields for Missionary work, by increasing where possible the assessments of the Missions' and by constituting the Missions into self-supporting parishes. That the aid of the S(jciety has called out, and does call out corresponding liberality is evinced by the voluntary contributions of the dioce.se. During the last year 89,000 were received from the Missions towards the payment of clergymen's salaries (Missionaries not town clergymen), and for Cliurch purposes of all kinds there was raised a sum of 855,728. The number of clergy in the diocese now is sixty. Of these 20 thirty-six receive some p;irt uf tlieir salary from tlie grant of the Society. Of self- supporting' paiishe.s there are thirt^^en. Of local endowments in process of funiuitiuu there are twenty-nine. There is an endowment (sufficient) for the Pjislujp's salary. Six clerf,'ymen receive part of their salary from the fund formed by the C(jnimutatioii f(jr the Cl('rn;y Keserves (there were originally twelve which comniuled as above-stated). §2,0(|0, a portion of the balance of the interest of the fund, is paid over to the Mission fund. Jiishop's College, Lennoxville, is largely iiuU^bted to the Society for its existence and nuiintenance. Tliere are now thirty students in residen; u. And the <'lergy trained there are. for zeal and ability in their work, second tonoue. This is the history of the Society's work in the diocese of Quebec. It is but a sketch, and a sketch of the external aspects of the work f)nly. But the size and solidity of the external fabric suggests, if it does not reveal, the strength of the spiritual support upon wiuch it rests. When you look back ui)on the first four or five :\Iissionarie6 in 1703, and see this nucleus in>\\ grown into seven ori^anized dioceses, some struggi'iig with the ditHculties of infancy, some flourishing in the prime of a vigorous lite, whilst othei's are contending unweariedly with the disheartening iuHueiices of increasing distress, you have reason to thank God and take courage. d. W. QUFIilC. Letter from the Ijl.sir(»i' ';/ ToK(».nto. In endeavouring to form any estimate of the extent to which the diocese of Toronto is indebt(;d to the early care and fostering assista..ce of the S.l'.G. fur its present prosperity, it must be borne in mind that the Churcli wa- originally planted in Canada through the exertions and liberality of that venerable Society. It comes rather within the province of the ilislujps of the older dioceses of Nova Scotia and (,)uel)ec, to describe the growth and develoiuuiinL of the British Xortli American Church previous to the senaraiiou of Upper liom Lower ('itnada, Hs a distinct episco[«al jurisdiction, in l.'S;!',". The progress of the Chuicli in the Tppcr rroviuce, prior to this date, may, however, be brietiy traced : In 1785 the hrst Missionarv, tli^ H.-v, J,jlin stinirf ^.v^\u-^ 21 •deservedly won the title of the Father of tlie Church in Upper Canada, was appointed hy tl)e Society to Cataraqni Cnow Kni,cr,ston). At tliis time the total population of the province was less than 1(»,0U(). Two years later, the Jfev. J Lan-horn was sent out and in 17-J2 the llev. 11. Anderson was pL^red in charge ol tlie Mission of .\'iaiou of the diocese took place by the setting otf from it of the diocese of i;ui)ertslai;d. This reduced the Bishop's charge to an area conterminous with what is now the Province of Ontario. In the same year, m spite ot Dr. Strachan's most strenuous protestations to the Government [1 N(i\v !!' til'' .liocfs.' iif Al.^oma. 23 in behalf of the charteii;d rights of the Church, an Act was passed aiiu received the I'oyal assent, secuLarizing the University of King's (Jollege and exchiding from it all religious teaching. In 1851, on the 1st and 2nd of Mny, took place the first meeting of clergy and representatives of the laity, under the presidency of the Bishop, which was tlie foresliadowing of the future Diocesan Synod. The body of clergy at this time numbered 15(1. On January 25th, 1852, was consummated the end ( f the venerable Bishop's indefatigable efforts to repair the blow in- flicted by the secularization of King's College, in the happy inauguration of the Church Universit' of Trinity College. For its endowment lO.OOO/. had been raised in Kngland, and more than :.5,()0()/. iii Canada. The S.P.G. gcneK-"; y granted 2,0U0/. towards this object, and 1,000/. from the Jubilee Fund as an endowment of Scholarships for pjor students destined to become missionaries. In December, 1854, another most severe blow fell upon the Canadian Churcli, in the final and total alienation of the Clergy lieserves. I?- this extremity, the clergy as a body most nobly consented to commute their reserved rights for the future benefit of the Church, and the S.P.Cr. came forward with its wonted liberality to assist the movement with a grant to be apportioned over three years as follows :— for 1856, 3,000/.; 1857, 2,500/., and 1858. 2,000/. Then all liabilities from the Society to the diocese of Toronto were to cease. From this latter date the Churcli has had to stand upon its own resources, with no other external aid than the endowment of its fifteen Crown liectories (mostly ^ery small in amount) and the income of its invested Connuutation Fund : and Lhe best evidence of the fruits which have ])een realized from the judicious nursing of the early struggling years of the Church by the Society, which was most truly its first parent, is in the growth in self-sustaining strength and the successive subdivision into flourishing dioceses of the now adult and indei)endent offspring. In 1857, the diocese of Toronto, having obtained legislative powers to meet in annual Synod of Clergy and Laity, and to enact Canons for its own government, made the first use of these powers to yond. Whilst rejoicing in this atate of indt'pendence to '.vhicli siie has attained, the Church of Toronto will ever gratefullvatd^now- ledge that she owes it, under Coil, nut only to the open-handed liberality and wisely-administered assistance, but; to the stimu- lating example of true Missionary enter[)iise of the ve.\erable Society for the agatiun of the Cosjjel. A. TOKONTO. LriUr Jrom thf LoP.D BlSHOP of HUROX. In couipliauce with ycur request, 1 yladly send an ackuow- le(i<,Mneut fur pablicatiun of llie results which have accrued, under God, to this Diocese from th > assistance of tlie S.P.G. ; and 1 do so tlie niore clieerfidly because it is well known that the Churcli of Kn;,dand was orif;inaIly planted in British North America by your venerable Society. The history of my Diocese, as a separate Diocese, does not date further lii.ck than 18">7 ; but the aid given to thi-, section of Cana(hi by tlie S.P.G. dates from the first settlement of tlie country. Alter the erection of this J)iucese, your Society acted most liberally titwards it, wliich enabled my revered ju'edecessor — the tirst ihsliop )t' Huron — to keep pace with the very rapid growth and settlement of Western Ontario with ^'reater ethcieucy and success. This aid ^ has at length been witlidrawn from the Diocese, that the So :iety may be al>le to help more needy portit)ns in the Colon'.al ("hurch. Gladly do I bear iicre my Immble testimony how much we are indebted to the S.l'.Ci. tor the present jtrosjierous condition of the Church in this Diocese. We began with forty-one clergymen in 1857, we have now, thank God, on our roll 1321 The contributions of our people for Diocesan and Missionary objects in IS.IS was 83,;")-J:() : they have this year reached the sum of 815,500 79 cents. We have about seventy ?,Tissionary parishes in our Diocese which are more or less dependent upon aid from our Diocesan Mission Funds ; and we are striving to do our part with the whole Church in Canaiia to assist in supporting Missionaries in the vast fields recently opened up for settlements in Algonui and the Great North West. It is our intention also to sei ' each year some portion of our .Missionary collei.ions to your venerable Society, as a grateful KCdgnition of the great services rendered to this Diocese by the S.r.G. No more satisfactory or successful Missionary work has ever come un'^ c my notice, for the thirty-eight years I have been on this side of the Atlantic, than that accomplished by ^Ir. Jamie- siMi on Walpole Island; and your Society may congratulate itself that its funds have been so wisely and bcnelicially employed. J. Huron. ' Witli tlif ixccptioii (if i'7j \ifY anmmi ti -ia-i.l. linliaii .Mi^sinii nil W;iI|io1b 2^) Letter from the Bishop of Ont.vhio. Although the diocese of Ontario has not for many years been receiving aid from S.P.G.,yet 1 gladly boar my testimony to the great service rendered by the Society at the time the diocese was organized. When 1 was consecrated, March 25, 1862, the greatest diniculty I had to encounter was the want of all means whereby to sustain the Mission work handed over to us by the diocese of Toronto, of which we had formed a part. I went to London that year, and I look back with gratitude to the kind interest taken in our work by S.P.d. — an interest which showed itself in ■;, grant of £()00 for three years.^ I was thus enabled to keep up the Missions, which would otherwise have been closed, — a vesult that would have paralysed the work and damped our diocesan energy. Our Clergy " ustentation Fund, which amounts now to S32,000, was indebted to S.P. G. for the handsome grant of £662, which greatly encouraged contributions in the diocese. I gladly give this statement, both to show that we are not unmindful of the Christian kindness showed to us in our feeble days, and to stimulate, if possible, those who inquire into the working of the Society to greater liberality in the ^Missionary cause. J. T. Ontario. Letter from the Ulsilol' ef XlA(iAl!A. 10 You ask me for information which will " enable you gau^e with som^ degree of accuracy the amount of spiritual work which the Society was permitted to do in the section of country embraced in this diocese.' I do not see that I can do iuuch in that way. What 1 can give is only, after all, a skeleton. The Judgment iJay alone can clothe thuso dry bones. I would, on behalf ot the present people of this diocese, express the deep feeling of gratitude which we feel to !S. l*.(i. fur having tirst planted the Church in it during the last decade of the last century, and for having continued to aid us till, compelled by the claims of newer, and therefore poorer colonies, which had providentially sprung up in other quarters of the British Empire, to withdraw the aid which we had so long ''u- joyed, and to withdraw from us the assistance to which they were justly entitled. ' The Society's annual grant to this diocese exteuJed ovei' fiiiii/a-ii years (1862 to 1878), \'iz., iT)()0, £500, £500, £550, £500, £*50, £400, £;i50, £300, £300, £25(1. £250, illOO, £100 respectiveiy. 27 And in this connection I would s;iy, thai I have been strongly impressed with the idea that it is nut for a people's good to assist them too long. If Missions such as those in this :ountiy are supported for five years, it would do the people thereof good if, after that lengtli of time, the aid was steadily lessened and they \\\iTe thrown on their own resources. In this diocese, with only two exceptions, we require the people to give towards the stipends of their Missionaries all they can he induced to give ; and having iitered into a regular agreement to that effect, we sui>plcnient from our Diocesan Mission Fund up to 88UU for those in priot's orders, and to ||GOU a year for those in deacon's orders, and lead them as soon as possible to become self-sup[)orting. We commenced this diocese in IS?') with twenty-seven Missions and only t.venty self-suppoiung parishes to aid in the support of those ^Missions. The number of Missions has been reduced to eighteen, nine of them having become self-supporting. T. B. Niagara. Lilter fioiii tlu: lUsHOP (// Montkkal. In compliance with yonr request for a " Summary Statement" of the work of the S.l'.G. in the diocese of Montreal I have the pleasure to forward herewith a tabular report, which I hope will explain itself.^ Neither the history of the diocese of Montreal nor its accounts go back further than 18."i0,--the records, if any separate on<'=5 there were, previous to that time, would be retained by tlu diocese of Quebec. We do not now know exactly which of our older churches were built wholly or partially by grants from the S.P.G. ; but the greater number of them have probably receiver^ some assistance. A colony is not conservative : it is little more than an enn'grant way station; men and manners constantly changing. It is therefore very difficult to trace back the history of our settle- ments, and still more difficult to give in writing the true result of ^Mission etlort, because this is not always apparent in the place where the work was actually begun. But allowing for the foregoing facts, enough visible fruit remains to till all hearts with love and gratitude to God and mnn. At the time of Mr. Doty's appointment in 1784 to Sorel, our chief settlements elsewhere were also military stations. Sorel (then called William Henry after King William IV.), St. ' The tal)ul.itt'(! If port is ton lar<;i' to .Tjiju'nr in tlicst' pn^'cs, lut it showsj th'it thu SotiLty lias (.■staliHfclu'd tiiirty-t'oiir I'uiishf.s or JIis.sious, and '"is assisted by Utii.-i t'liif 1 ui iin'iif\ 111 oi iaiui i iir fUti^ w nit'iil ui iwcisr. .Tnliii's and Cliaml.ly on the river IJichflieii ; Lapraiiio, iioarly opposite the cii> of Muutreal, aud other viila-e.s, were then the headquarters alike of tlie army and tlie Ciiurch. At tliis day howf^ver, these places have nothing niilitarv alxnit tliein, they owe their^ vitality, where they exist as soeial centres, tn otlicr causes. Steandtoats anil railways have dcuic much to (letermine and re-adjust tlie settlement of certain lucidities. At this moment tlie Quebec (iovernment railroad is opening up tlie north shore of the Ottawa river, and in a few years that valley will be full of village life, wlijre now th.ere is the untrodden wdderness ; at the same time it must be remembered that the soil is comparatively poor and the climate severe, and that few will make it a permanent home who have the nseans to go further west. 'J'l'-re will be a succession of poor farmers scatteretl o'.-er hundreds of miles, who will remain poor and anvays be unable to maintain tlieir own churches. They are not destitute, however, after the ma-iner of the city poor, they can command a sutliciency of wholesome fuotl and warm clothing, but little of ready money— do not, therefore, suppose that "the average contril)ution of the people'" noted in the " tabular report," is presented in hard cash, it is olten ])aid " in kind," that is in hay, oats, lirewood, or some such commodity on which 1 price is laid by the people. They grow hay and oats for sale to thuse cutting limber, Inil when the lumber trade is depressed the condition ui thcs,- tdlcis of the soil is melanciioly indeetl; then the business of life for si.\ months in the year is to iveep warm and tight snow and frost, whose tendeiicv is to warp, rend, and destroy house and firm buildings, whetliVr oi' wood,' brick, or stone. With trilling excepti.ms our city churches aie unendowed, yet on these must come the onus of supporting the amicultural Mission Cliuivhes when the S.P.G. grant is entirely withdrawn. 1 am coutideut that they will do what they can ; but they liav.! first to maintain themselves, the city poor and the Uitv Mission services, and our rich Christian men— being Churchmen— are very few. The best will iu the world Wuuld not enable tlieiii adequately to supply the place of the venerable Suciety. Little as can be done m the city, the country can do hss. There is no counterpart in Lower Canada uf the English village sijuiiv. Wu have few men of leisure eitiier iu town or country. Tiiose wiio can ail'ord to retire from actual business dwell iu the cities and employ their time in city occupation's, if they do nut— as is more fiequent— travel in foreign countries ur return to the mother land. Bat thanks, under God, to tbp vi^'ieralile Soc.jetv t!-' r!!!!i';!: i • fs^^a S9 iinu Well e.-,tabli.sliud :!i lIic diocest- uf Moiitiviil. ,iiul I j^rieve to iiiiir so iiiii- a recctid liy words implying doubt uf our iihiliLy in tlic luturf to kirp u], the vi(,'our of the i^oodly tree. Alreuily .soiue of its Wraiiclics sliow hiljus of weakiu'ss, in spitt- of every elloit oi' I':'. |,.,ir ;;f my iionourcd predecessors to render the •Jliiireli s(dr-suppnriiii._r. My own episcopate, which is now in its u.irtl year, lias fallen oi. unies of coniiiierciHl depression, and I l:ave had to stiain every source of revenue to the utmost in order to keep (.ur more remote Mission stations cpen at all. In some instances I have only been able to do so by sendiu" deac(jns and sometimes even divinity students to hold the -round, supplementing- their ituwix'rienced miiustrations by uccasioiual visits froui nei;,dibourin,i^ cler-y, or by my own offices in tlie cou.se of my annual visitation. The truth, howciver, forbids me to siy, tha^ were times ever so prosperous, there i.s any immediate likelihood of thi:, diocese becoming self-sustain- ins... in the .sense that it 'vill be able to maintain afl its Misdons in the stale ot elliciency in which they were when Bishop D.xendeii was uon.secruted, and the Society s ^rant was Xl'.odO. It may l>e thai we are attem[)ting too much on this continent. The great elibrt to raise money for different religious and bene- volent purposes is makbig "collection" the business of the clergy, trom the iJishup to tlie latest ordained deacon. There is Some danger in this, besides the wrong done, to the great catise for which we are set apart by oniination, that our less spirituallv- niinded l>rethren mistake our motives and hurt comes to their souls This must be watched, and the power rather than the number of .Mission stations be made the test of spiritual life. Still a inaii called to such a responsible office as the Dishop and administrator of the diocese of Montreal will naturally feel unwiliing to lose any of the ground already won lor the Great Ivlaster. If in this matter he err, it will be through temptation t(j try too much. 1 trust it will not be deemed out of place if I venture, before closing, to allude to a circumstance of personal interest. After ordination by IJishop d. (i. :\lountain of gutliec in 1840 (then Bishop of iloiureal administering the Diocese of (^)uebec) vour present correspondent was sent a Missionary of the venerable Society Lo minister to the .scattered people in the liichelieu district— then to the jjcople of the island of Montreal and Isle Jesus — with beaihpiarteis at Lachine. In ISlS he was appointed to St. George's church in this city, liist as assistant minister and then asliector. His clie 'e in St. George's continued until 1878, when, on the lesignatic, of Bislio}) Oxenden, he was elected by the Sviiod, and consecrated !>v tlie l-lislM!':^ t:\' Wm^ f^rnvin.-^G 80 (•lii.'f pastor of the Cl.ureli in tliis dioresc. He lias tlictrton. .,.<.r. an ey.'-witiiess of yo.;r lovin- care and lihoralitv for nwr forty years, and he feels now no coiinnoii thankfuln^'^s to 1... .il,],. to report so fruitful a return f .r all your love and lal.our in ni.it years. He pray.s that (Jod will hlcs.s the work (,f th.' veneraMe .Society, svherever that work may he, and that .,f souls hrou'dit to the knowledge of Christ hy its instiunicntalitv, niiili(,ns nnv (irise to -ive giviteful testinio.iy at th(> great dav of account I commend my work and this dioce.se to tiie ])raver^ of the venerahle Society. ^^' ]{. Mo.NJI!KAl,. l.rfler frum Ihc lafr Bi.snor ,./ Algom.v. I f,L.\Di,Y acknowledge tliat, .nving to aid given to the Diocese ot AlgoniL hy the Society during tlie past f )ur years,' much good has resulted ; inasmuch as 1 iiave thus ])een enahle 1 to add to my little buid of workers, and con.sequently occu})y ground which must other^vise have remained unsupplied witli th.. means ut grace. Thus an impetus has l)ecn given to Church work in the iJio- ee.se, and the cause of the Church at-, meed to an extent that could liardly have been hoped for, considering the peculiar position in will... it has been placed ever since it was formed. Of a newly formed .Missionary Diocese, such as Vl-mma w-thout endowments or any internal resources, and conse./uently dependent ui)on e.xtraneous aid for the carryin-r („, of the Master's work, a p(>if hh/on/ can hardly be lookecf for init it is cheering to be able to report a considerable increase (as -iven bcl(Dw) m the number of clergy, congregations, aii.l chuivh buildings, as evidence of fruit, which may lairlv be attributerl to the a.ssistance received fro-n the Society and other sources Seeing that the Society's grant can onlv l^e aj.plied towards subsidising the salaries of a certain number of my clerrry to tlie extent of £.30 each, it is not possible to credit it with any special iruit as the direct result of assistance given • but at the same time much of the -rowth that has been made may fairly be attributed to it, since without such aid, the number of clei^T employed must have been reduced by two at least, and progress proportionally lessened. ° 31 Willi thank:^ tor past assistanct' reiiilcred, and prayers for continue' suppou, Kkkdekkk I). Amjoma N... c.( Cl.i-.'v. A.n. 1880 1» ''lniri''-,.s. 43 ( imgri'jfiitiDiH. M Fro/ii f/ir LoHI) BlSHOI' (;/ NKWKar.NDLAND. Dkiohc of Ncv'Juuiidlund {iiuindnKj part of Lnhrador and Bermuda). Ri(iHT Rev. Llewellvn Jones, I).1)., 1M78. Synod established, 1H73. Area of Newfoundland, 4(),2U0 stpiaro miles; coast-line about -l^M) miles. Imports and e.Kports each about £1.5U0,UU0 sterlin*,' ; colonial debt (1S76), £:WO,(IOO. Topulation i.f Newfoundland and Labrador (1874), 161,374; Bermuda, l:},(j(ll. Newfoundland and Labrador, Church of England, about 60,«MJ0 ; Roman Catholic, about (]4,0U(J ; Wosleyan, about 3G,U00 ; others, 1,794. Parishes and ]Missions, 53 (Newfoundland, 40 ; Labrador and Bermuda, 7). Stations, about KJO (self-supporting, G; home Missions, 1). Clergy, Gl (S.P.Ci., 42; Bermuda, 7; --ural deans, 7; curates, G). Lay readers, 90. Churches, 114 (Bermuda, 12), 1 cathedral. Parsonngts, 53 (Bermuda, 7). Cemeteries and burial-grounds consecrated, IGO. Day schools under Church of England Boards, 129; scholars. 7,000. Boys' academy ; girls' school (St. John's, Sunday schools, about 120. S.P.G. grant, £3,7O0 sterling. Collected in Newfoundland (General C arch Fund), about £4,000 currency. Bishopric Endowment Fund, abor^ 12,000 sterling. College Endowment Fund, £7,5' sterling. Clergy Widows' and Orphans' Fund, £4,726 currency. Clerical Pension Fund, £635 currency. Cathedral Completion Fund, about £13,000 currency. Boys' orphanage ; girls' orphanage. Collected for S.P.G., £123 sterling. Women's Home Mission Fund (1880), £160 currency. 32 Thccoii(liti,,ii nt' tlic iliu.Ts.. t',.r IhSO, as slio.vti I. ihr al..)\( sin:mi;iry, i.i (iuo in j,'rcat inraMiic (uikKt the Divine l)l.>siiiu') t'> the fu,.teriiijr care of the S !'.(;., as the t'ulhnviii;,' statciuent 7,1' progressive Work willsliou : - Dinirse nj Xnr/niiiiilhniil \^>n<-hnl nnj I.,,ir(J0 (Jlidorlad SlcfcJu.'<). 1876. Decease of Bishop Feild and success:- lU of Bis!iop Kelly. 1877. Piesignation of liishop Ke'^y and Synod's address to S.P.G. 1878. Bishop Jones consecrated. May 1. Ll. XeWFuUNDLAND. 34 «looU3s.vwpuug ■B.)JU10li«JV •isaaiifo •uairiA'rj.iiD ;o spu.Mliis OJ SUIJUIKI -Ml""' J l«»)1 i» : ^. a tiddVlKiSlUJ =H I «o o >c t— X IC — /D t- »- ■^ r^. cc" CO* o" -J*' JS so o 00 X) I '^ •S nu(ij«a|ji[jjy •saijajima •SJ3I(0B3X 10 ajsmoajB,-) 9 a'8 I iciety extended its aid by open- ing Missions to the Indians. The Society's Missionary at Fort Macleod has done a good work among the Piegan Indians ; two native catechists in the Jldnioiiton district are workint' under the supervision of their ordained Missionary ?t Edmonton Settlement. The Society has a native pastor in deacon's orders at _o |VliQr;i^*» 4-^. /^*>0^ 38 flourishing district of Prince Albert (the headquarters of the diocese) it has placed two ordained Missionaries for the settlers, and a lay Missionary to the Sioux Indians. It has voted £150 for the current year to support Indian students, to be trained as native helpers or Missionaries at Emmanuel College. Tart of this grant is supporting a Sioux Indian, son-in-law to " Whifr Cap," the Chief of the band of Sioux now living at Prince Albert. The Prince Albert district consists of the settlement proper where l.lie two S.P.G. Missionaries carry on services in two churches five miles apart — and the back country stretching to tlie South IJranch, a distance of about twenty miles, where they have services at a growing settlement of Church people,. At one of die Prince Albert churches the Bishop recently confirmed hfty-seven persons. (4) The S.P.G. has been very helpful to this diocese in other ways. Tie Society is Trustee of the Bishopric Fund. It has encouraged its supporters to contribute to the establishment of Emmanuel College — the Training College for native helpers — while towards myself as Bishop it has given steadj' and considerate support and encouragement in various ways during the whole period of my Episcopate. J, Saskatchewan'. letter from the BisHOP of New Westminster. On assuming the headship of this diocese I found four clergy- men at work, in all, of whom one was supported by endowment of the Baroness Burdett-Coutts, the other three were supported almost wholly by the Society. I piocetd to speak of the results of your grants in these three in.-tu.ices, premising that I make no reference to work in the ])ast, commenced under your auspices and subsequently aban- doned, and that no assumption, iavourable or unfavourable, is to be made from my silence in respect of such work. (1) Rev. J. B. Good. His connection with the Society coni- mcnced, I believe, in 1861, though it was subsequently to that he removed into this present diocese and undertook the work among the Lytton Indians. Since that time he has been wholly supported by the Society, and the whole work, therefore, is attributable, under God, to the liberality of your Society. The results uf this work are to be found in a Church body number- ing 550 souls, including 125 communicants, or, if the district of \ ale be included^ 600 souls, and 135 communicants. 39 The condition of these people, industrially, has been hitherto such as to preclude the possibility of self-help, (2) Rev. (' R Baskett. His connection with the Society commenced in 1877, in a district including New Westminster, Sapperton, and Burrard Inlet. The last-named place was, how- ever, his chief field, and I confine my statement therefore to it. There is a Church body there numbering nearly 100, in- cluding twelve communicants. They have, during last year, raised nearly £200 towards the erection of a church, and are now in a position to supply one-half of a clergyman's stipend. The Grant for this district ceased in June, 1880. (3) Rev. G. Ditcham. He was established at Chilliwhack under the auspices of the Society, in 1878, but your grant ceased in June, 1880. There is in this district only a small scattered Church com- munity, but they have recently erected a Parsonage House and a Mission Chapel in a distant settlement, and they will, I hope, be able, before long, to support their clergyman in part. The work of Mr. Blanchard at Yale, having been inaugurated since the date of your circular, is not, I suppose, included within its requirements. To summarise the fruits of the Society's work, so far as re.v^rred to in this statement. The Church has been planted (and has taken root) in four districts, each of them as extensive as an English diocese, and in every instance, I believe, the plant is a healthy one, and, with cultivation, will grow into a productive tree. In addition to the Grants which have enabled this woik to be done, the Society has also assisted in the establishment of this Diocese by a Grant of £500 towards endowment of the Bishopric, and by an annual grant of £200 towards the Bishop's stipend until the endowment is complete. A, W. New Wkstm^^'ster. III.— THE WEST INDIES The first Report of the Society records a small grant made to Jamaica in 1704, but it was uot until 1710 that the Society became permanently connected with the West Indies by the bequest of General Codrington. On the estate devised by that great man a College has been built and still liouri.shes, which has educated the large majority of tlie Clergy of the West Indies. In 1733 the Society pi.icea Ciergynieii iii liie Daiiituias, now the JJiocese of 40 Nassau, and has continued its assistance to the present time. The State lias larpoly assisted the Churcli in the West Indies, and recent disestablishment has been a heavy blow. The Society h.is assisted in the endowment of Jani;iica by a grant of £1,000, and of the See of Nassau by a grant of £l,5n(), and of the See of Antigua by a grant of £1,000. It also gave £500 to Nassau for Cha-gy Endow- ment, and £1,000 to the West Indian African Mission, wliich is at work in the Pongas Country on the West Coast of Africa. In 1834 the Society commenced work in Guiana and gave in 1844, £500 towards the endowment of the College in Georgetown. The remarkable openings for Evangelistic work among the Coolies are set forth in the letter of Bishop Austin, who completed, on St. Bartholomew's Day, 1882, his fortieth year of Episcopal labour in Eli exceptionally trying climate. Leitcr from the I^ISIIOP of GuiANA. It was in the year 1834 that the venerable Society first lent a helping hand to the Infant Church in this colony. Tlie negro slaves were in that year converted into proedial labourers, and great anxiety was felt that they should justify by their Christian conduct the unexampled efforts whi'^.h had been made on their behalf. At this critical period the Society lent its co-operation to the eforts made by the Home Government and the colonists in promoting this great object. Large sums were gathered in through special offerings ; and the Soaety wisely entrusted the distribution of them to the two West Indian Bisliops of Barbados and Jamaica. The liberality of the motlier-country drew forth corresponding efforts from the various colonial legislatures and from private individuals— notably in British Guiana — and the result was soon seen in the erection of churches and school- houses, together with the additional ^Missionary agency of clergymen and other religious teachers. From that seasonable assistance we are profiting largely in these days, and to it we greatly owe the hastening of the time for the" introduction of the entire African population to tlie Faith of Christ. Other religious bodies, be it said to their honour, mn le a similar move ; but to the Church of England fell a large portion of those who became, tln-ough baptism, members of (Jlirist's visible Church. The Missionary spirit having been fairly roused, it happily spread ; and amongst the first who took the lead in this colony in connection with the S.P.G. was the Rev. J. H. Duke, who was at that time Rector of Trinity Parish, Essequibo ; and through his representations a grant was made by the Society towards the purchase of an abandonc^d estate, called " Hackney," near the mouth of the Ponieroon River, which v.-as intended r>s 41 1 10 I c luuiRl m considerable jiumlmrs iin the riv.^rq n.wl creeks of that part of the colony. Several years da ec 1, wev r Islands; and it was not until Ahv 1 <^-'(: fi,„. \A V , ^^^d patent wore giv™ u„„exi";';l t'll, f I '''T^j't^fi S xn comi.an> with Archdeacon Austin he vovacred to thp Pomp roon, and became acnuainted with the tdbes of Aboriai^al nt'r ti l^S ''" r' '^'T '^"^ -vannahsTTl intenor. Jn his Lhar-e, subsequently, the Bishop spoke most iee ing ly of his solicitude for the spiritual welfare of this docile and interesting people. His word ctirred up an ans we nl ec o Kiblene Missions were the outcome of this appeal In the following year (1840) a young lay catechist, :U?WH Brett was sent out by the Society to commence operations up the SSrilmZcJ"'%-he"^"!'T f^«'^ ''' mLth,Ta"'pllc cajiea lompiaco Ihe only mhabitants in the neighbourhood r;\^ile^' tr";r'T''T'^'"^-"-^"^^ ^^ ^v^odSn'S t was hoped that the Indians might gradually be induced to cou in and settle down there. Their moted antipathy o the black race, however, for some time prevented this O the to somejourneyings and long ..nd patient endeavours to Obtain a hearing from these primitive children of the forest, Mr Brett Ls hmiselt given a modest account in his published worl.^ In 1841, on the resignation of Bishop Coleridge British Guiana was erected into a separate see, and Archdeac°on Au n was consecrated first Bishop of Guiana. In the folbwh,. yfar he mode a laborious visitation of the whole of his diocese and at Pompuaco conhrmea .orty persons and administered tl^ sacra men of the Lord's Supper to ."orty communicants. It was then "ctiiurr'tr' '!" f'^'^V^ f- ""'^ -itable Totality tabacaburi, the site of an old Indian settlement, hiaher ud the river, was selected , a picturesque spot on rising ground tie first met w;ith beyond the great alluvial flat that bo,lv; Jl!! ^xtiaiinc. lUr. j^rett was now admitted into Holy Orders, and r 42 continued his Missionary peregrinations with a view to hringinT in new tribes to listen to " the word of the truth of the (Jospel ; " at the same time labouring assifluously to acquire the language of the people among whom he had cast n his lot. He was rewarded by seeing the ferocious Caribs, the gentle Arawaaks, and the homicidal Accawoios, dwelling together in harmony, and kneel- ing down side by side in their house of prayer, without terror or even suspicion; an all-but literal fulfilment this of Isaiah's prophecy— "The wolf shall lie down with the lamb." In 1847 Mr. Brett's health gave way, and in 1349 he waa coniVv^IIed to go to England for change and rest. On his rr' rn to the colony in 1851 he undertook parochial work, and iu October of that year a vacancy in the Rectorv of Trinity Parish afforded the Bishop an opportunity of placing him in a position to superintend the Missions which he had planted and tended with so much zeal and devotedness. In this year the Cabacaburi Mission was visited by the Bishop, who administered the rite of confirmation to fifty-four persons ; thirty-three infants and four adults were baptized; and on the following day seventy-one persons (in- cluding the newly confirmed) partook of the Lord's Supper. The chapel was crowded ; and it was , . grateful and edifyin" fcight to mark the considerate attention of many of the Ara*^ waak Christians, neatly attired, civilized and softened by Christianity, in making way for their Caribisi brethren, whom, in days gone by, they had regarded with fear, as being their sr -riors in many a fight the very tribe, moreover, whofti they had once pursued with aU the deadliness of Indian warfare, was now holding out the right hand of fellowship, in love requiting injury. Th'- was a glorious example of the work of Christianity. ]\[r. Brett's first converts were from among the Arawaaks : but he made persistent efforts to influence the Warows the most degraded of the Indian tribes of Guiana. The only response they made was : " God's word is good for the Arawaak ; not good for the Warow." Still the undaunted :Missionary persevered. Just as he had penned in his diary the words— "All m\ efforts are of little use," he received intelligence from the catecliist at Hackney that some Warows had commenced attending his in.structions there. This encouraged Mr. Brett to found a new Mission for these people at the junction of the Moruca and one of its affluents, the Haimara-Cabura. Although this Mission, in its early days, had to pass through many trials, yet its success was never called in question. In 1865, when it was visited bv the Bishop, 881 Indians, belonging to five different tribes— some from the far interior— were assembled, Amontr them wptp '31fi 4.3 Accawoios.atribe wl.ich furnishes tl.e pedlars an.l ncvvs carriers ot the whol.. Indian race in these parts. Sin... 18v[ E Z^;e< 'T."''"" '' settle at Cahaclbnri; and .n l.%3 it " ^S^^t l^'t^? --^y — - comin, (Von. the interior lu rtsiae .It tl i.^ station Waramuri). " Who can sav " writP, Mr. Brett, " what the elFects maybe o^ the tr.besh accessible to us If these rovers receive and spread Christ's gospef in it^ each Wsl^'tf " ^V,?"'^ V"' i/workin. as o.fr tea hers a each A ission thankfully acknowledge ; sayinrr ' We did not rVr tt's% T"'"^' ^' not confidently, be said.\akin;;p ivii j,retts wo;ds in a recent letter to the Bishon that '' iu resuts, under God. will be the spir.tual conque t^'of Guianl within and without our western boundary " ' fEss nuibof anJt illi ^^^''! u'1 ''' '^'' ^"'°">'' "'^'^^ ^' I^uribisci (.r^ssequibo) and Kiblene Maliaicony Creek) were establi^b^rl abou the same time as thai in the Pomeroon l^v'na A m^^^^^^^^ Muritaro. Slalah (Demerara River), Coo.nacka (K-Se St are of later date ; and Orealla (Corentyn Paver) and St Fdtlrrr ' ... .=edonia and Thessalonica (Essequibo EiveVrare vetin thef; eens ; while Mr Heard's new Mission in the Waiin is^Httle more S pV- 17. fu fr '' '''''' ^'-^^ ^-- d. nde t' on 'he nd'^K . ^^l ^l *^""^ '^ '"'^.>' be said, that t. ' example of the liberality which plaited, and the zeal and devotion wh'ch Missions, IS due the success which ha. attended their inception tats iftbr^bv tb ' ".' n"l "" '''' Gfovernment of the ad'v n- thf \i .7 l^ ^^«. ef abl.shment of Christian Missions amon- salary o £400 per annum for Missionary Curates for the Pome- Tc >n and Essequibo riv.:,s respectively. l^or myself, I have been under so many obli-ations that T knew not how to express my thankfulness and«rati1ude ; and the onl> response I can make for so much kindness will be as it appeal: to me, in increased devotedness in years To come be tney few or otherwise, to that ' .ly cause which has b^en so nobly and perseveringly pursued u^ the Society for the Prona- prerntliL: "'' '"" ''' '"' '^"^ "^ ''' exitence ItSe Therf can be very little doubt that the extension of Christi- 1 q-- \f: t,ic<, loi Jiiimary, loaL. 44 Rtuty fiiTioriK the Ab(jri<,Miiai Iiuliana has been powerfully promoted l.y the circuliition of canls ^ontainiii;,' the L.rd's rmyer the Apostles' Cree.l, and some elements of Christian tnitii, piiiited l)y the S.P.C.K., and illustrated with vignettes depicting aome of the most striking events recorded in the P.ihle. These cards written m the various Indian dialects, '.aving been distributed to persons who had received some instruction at the Mission stations, have in numerous instances been found to have been instrumental in bringing utter strangers to apoly fur biijtisn and Christian teacliiii''. A considerable portion of the New Testament lias also been translated by Mr. Hiett into some of Die p'iucipal Indian dialects and ])ublished by the S.P.C.K. But the indebtedness of the Church in Guiana to the vener- able Society is not limited to efforts put fbrtli to render the emancipated African slave worthy of his new position, and to the Missions among the Aborigines. Wlieii, after emancipation, it was found necessary to supplement the uncertain labour rendere*: hj the negro population, a system of immigration from the Plast Indies was set on foot and has continued, almost v itliout inter- ruption, from A.I). 184." to the present time. The Bishop wrote, (17th October, 184G) " ()ur clergy have much to contend with now that immigration has fairly set in to our shores. 4,000 Coolies have alieady reached us, and G,000 are expected within six months." Up to t'- 30th J-ne, 1879, no less than 118,809 of these people had arrived in the colony from India. ' It may be conceived what a hopeless task it would have seemed for a weak and struggling branch of the Church, unaided, to attempt to evangelize this mass of heathenism, speaking a very Babel of unknown tom-ues. I naturally appealed foi additional assistance, and the S.P.G. generously increased its grant to ttie diocese. _ This enabled me to contribute £180 per annum in aid of the salary of two ordained Missionaries who could speak to the Coolies in the 'r own language. One Mis- sionary had already been appointed by the Oovernment ; but there are now, not only three ordained Missionaries, but i Iso a goodly number of Catechists, labouring to extend to the new comers that Gospel which it would seem that the providence of God had directed their stej.s hither to hear for the first time. Without the Society's aid it would have been simply impossible to carry out the existing arrangement ; while tlie exhibition of so much earnest work has encouraged the laity to come forward and assist in providing the moiety of the Miss'ionriries' salaries— the condition on rvhich the Government grants money for religious purposes. 45 *u ,i fw j:f' "''^ 'f", ^''" ^'""'^ startling niovetnent arnon-st the U.UIO C.lm.p.sH who have bee:> introduced into thi.s cuuntrv wo have the .'ncoun.-in- assurance Miat a fair proportion ot those who have becon..- CJIi-istians i.re ihwroughlv in earnest ■ and there have been charuters amongst men aVd women— especially amongst the latter ^whicli have njcailed to mird very vividly the stones of the ,,uly converts to the religion of ihe brass In Georgetown there is a neat little Chinese church an,uen) arrived in the colony we may well say-" AVhat hath God w.ou-dit '" io the venerable Society be all o.atitude rendered for sett in- ^etore us our duties and responsibilities with regard to the propagation of the Gospel, and for the encouragenrent afforded i^s by IS own generous efforts amongst those who are " i-norant and out of the way " of salvation in our land. Laus Bel W. P. GUI.VXA. Letter from the P>i^uov of Antigua. id; l^ !^^^^ ^° 7?' T^''"^^'' ^ '"^y ^''^ 0^ all gratefully record hat Antigua and the Leeward Islands do not appear to have been overlooked m the early efforts which the Society put forth to carry religious instruction to the large slave popula- lom These natives of Africa and their descendants had ex- isted m the West Jndiaa Colonies for about a century and a half before the latter were erected into two dioceses in 18''-4 There are traditions of the labours of an occasional Missionary among hem ,n olden times ; and twelve or fourteen years after the abolition of the slave trade, i.e. in 1817 or 1818 the Eev James CHirtin was sent out to Antigua (I think by Bishop IsZ'nTi^^ V ' f ^^"^^^t" o^the Negroes, now known as the Christian laith Society) at the same time that the r%' . \''''^Z~''^^''''''''''^^ Principal, fii^t of Codringtou College, and then of W«lls Theological College-was appointed chaplain of the Society's Trust Estates in Barbados. Up to that period, the ministrations of the parochial clergy supported by the legislatures of tlie several coionies, few in nuJev and not always easily piovided, were almost exclusively confined to the white population ; but tb. se and one or two other Mis- sicnar.cs were preparing th.e way for the great work of Evance- hzation which was to receive a new impulse from the appointment o( two Bishops for the West Indies in 18-'4 -. It h.-u] in great measure been at the inst-mce of the venerable Society that this memorable step was taken bv tlie Governmer>t at home, and that a grant of £2O,0.i0 per annum liom imperial funds was made fur the support not merelv nf 47 the tu-o Bishops with four aiclideacons, but of additional xiitn It Mas that lie Society was destiiie( to bear so larrr^ « share m the multiplication of the cleruy and in 'he creation of new centres of parochial work with districts a ta hed to tl^em On a I sides new chapels and chapel schools spran^ up from Bahamas and Jamaica in the north to Trmidad and Br Ush Guiana in the south ; and it will be found on reference t" the pub ished JJeports of that period that up to 1841 The Society part ylrom it. own funds and partly from special contributions' employed no less a sum. than £84,7UU in inLasiuTTennZr oi places divine worship, and electing buildin-^ for the education o the hitherto neglecte.l labouriii^ relation This expenditrre was entirely mdependent of the W out ' lay in establishing Codrington College in 1829 ad ISSO on^" re-erecting the chapel and liall destroyed by furrrcane in 1831). Ihe grant already spoken of Irom the Con olklated Fund went far towards providing th« living a^^ency for tlS' greatly increased machinery. Thfs. however. lould have been utter y msufficient but for the timely bounty of the Societv which expended a large annual amount in finish n' Support or the additional ministers and teachers employed o^^Tn supplementing the stipends derived from the other souL 3 Happily It was about the same period that the claims cf the Society began to be better understood and to attract Tf«r Crrch'^Thre' '^'n "r^^ ''^"^ the Vembels" f\t 1 i^ > i^ emancipation of nearly one million of slaves bml ca led forth an arnount of national enthusiasm wtch has seldom been equalled, and the bounty of the Societv wL sustained by an influx of contributions which made it e^uaUo he occasion. In fact, the nation was determined to ?emove from Its escutcheon the foul blot of slavery, at any cos and happily for the moral condition of the colonies which it had " polluted, there was at home an agency to collect the offerings of Uie people and to employ them in the effort to givrto tlosl from whose imbs the fetters had been struck the better libertv wherewith Ciirist makes His people free. ^ 4. Of this large expenditure of the Societv it tl,«f r^..• i the nine English L.eu-a.l Islands, constS^, then an Ar h deaconry of the diocese of Larbados and not e ected into a separate see until 18l2;enjoyed its fair share. In each , them chapels and -schoo houses, which would otherwise eSie la^^ ■ever exis ed or have been tardily raised, remain amonu :SiXJt::t^:''^^-l:^-^'^y'^ -- -^ bount;: ^IX: ■■■"' "'^ r"'-"'Uiiitaiy giuui and tiie Society's 48 subsidy combined, six -.vere added to the small staff of c'^ray VIZ. three in Autigiia and three in the poorer islands '^ 0. In the y„ar 1840, complete lVee,lo,n was finally and for ever accorded to the former slaves throughout the whole West Indies, and not merely in Antigua, which island alone had declined to keep them in an intermediate apprenticeship as empowered by the Act of Parliament. It was Vbout that year l^L T - ?'""'^"^ ^'"^^ '^ "^"^^ ^« ^ considerable e.xtent withdraw 1 .« aid ; new fields were whitening to tlie Mission harvest in all directions, and it was but reasoualle that Churches ^vdllch had 111 their infancy and early years been nurturennd had grown to maturity should seek for themselves other vE'of tt' ''u t^--"'""!^ "^^^'-'- ^^ ^'-^ ^•- asceitlfnecfthe value of the added ministrations of the Church, and of the arge share she was taking in the Christian education of the labourers ; and m every instance provision was made by the re.spe.ave legislatures for the clergy and teachers who had been dependent on the Soc.oty. Thus the great principle on which It had insisted while aiming to propagate the Gospel, had been carried ou, vu Jliat institutions of a permanent characte bhould ue formed by means of parochial and district o.-anizi- |on. From that period up to 1868, the diocese of Aiit"!.ua (tor which IS separate Bishop had been consecrated in isl') enjoyed, with tour other West Indian sees, all the privileges of a fairly endowed Church ; any funds raised from voluntarf con- tributions being empl -.yed in the work of education and in the Liihprir'l 7: ^^'^^-^'-Sement of buildings, with some addition either to schoolhouses or to parsonages in almost every year 6 But in 1808 Uu,. Imperial Act, authorising the g^^-ant from the Consolidated lund, which had been in o^ration forfort - four years, was repealed, allowances being reserved only to then existing incumbents during their tenure of office Under in structions from the Colonial Oliice, t he A.ts by which the curacies had been endowe.I by the local legislature,; were not suftlred to be renewed as one by one, they expired ; and finally in 1874 m Uie seveml islands Acts were passed under com,>ulsion to" h^estabhsh the Church vested interests being respected only so far as the s Upends of the clergy were concerned, and all allow- ances for the expens.-s of public worship, the ])ayment of the subordinate olficcrs of the Church, and th'e mainte.uuice o e abrics being at once swept away. Lfnder these enactments, besides the curates previously left unprovided tbr, tliere have been to tins date lost to the Church, by deaths or resignaticuis, the endowment of the archdeaconry of Antigua, and the stipends of four out of seven incumbents in .uitigua, of the onlv cler-v- 49 mn of Dominica, of two out of six in St. Kitt's, of two out of three in Aevis, of one of the two in .Alontserrat, of the onlv clergyman m AnguiUa, and of the one minister of the ViT I.V,„,, ,1,4... _r ii fi • . .... ' * * i I i C and that by the liberality of tho Societ, , ,. .,... ,_.. .,„„, ,., conjunction with the S.l'.C.lv.. founded a Scholarsliip exnn.ssly lur AU'lL'Ua two '1V;!»"'s;;;:r ^s;..-.. 1.... ! !., : : -. .. I SIX years ago, in I-*: •Jim ucauy neeii eiiucaiea lor i) 60 our work. P2very third year we can now hope to a(hl to our staff a native clergyman I'nmi this source ahiue. ',}. But it would be ungrateful in nie to close this brief sketch of the past without recording my gratitude to the Society for tlie ])roinise in ISl'A of a grant of £500 towards the periuvneut en- dowment of the l)islinpric, conditional on its being sufficient, with collections actually raised, to bring the fund up to half the amount (£10,OUO) which we propose to raise. Before many days have passed, we sliall, I trust, have reached the sum which would entitle us to claim this grant, but that it has, to our sorrow, la])3ed after five years. It has bt'en no light task to realize a sum of X^.fjOO with all the difficulties in wliicli disc - dowment has involved our churches ; and I cherish the he e that when this and other circumstances are Liid Ijefore the S:.:;iety, the vote will be renewed,' and that it will not be long before I am relieved from tliC fear tliat the diocese will cease to have a distijict existence as sucli, wlieu I shall be no longer here to provide, in my enlbrced retirement, for an episcopal coadjutor and a competent administrator. W. W. Antigua. Letter from th: Bisiiop af Jamaica. I TiiiNK the S.P.G. is fairly entitled to represent to its sup- porters and the public generally, that a large portion of the permanent spiritual work accomplished in the diocese of Jamaica, and of the present iniluence and power of our Church here, has resulted from the work directly commenced and sus- tained for many years by the S. I'.G. From an early period in the history of . Jamaica there was a branch of the Church of England establislied by law in this island, with a few churches and clergy supported by the State. It was however left to the S.P.G., the S.P.C.K.. and the C.M.S. to develop and expand this work; and by the fostering care of the S.P.Cr. and C.M.S. particularly, fresh stations were commenced in many places all over the diocese, and clergy and schoolmasters appointed and sustained for many years. These stations formed the nucleus of churches which were afterwards made ^ ,irt of the island establishment, and for a while sustained at the e.-.pense of the island government, the direct assistance of the English societies being withdr,awn. ]Most of these churches thus originated are novv_. since disestablisliment, either singly or two combined together, supporting their own pastors with very little extraneous help. We have ninety-five consecrated cliurches, forty-one chapel ' Tlio <,'iant lias lipcn n'lieuiil anil iiaiil. ami a fiirlhtr sinii of ATiOO has lieeii voted fc)r the sauii' olijrct. 51 schoolrooms and Mission stations, and about two Imndrod and forty primary schools. On the active list we have about seventy clergy and forty-five catechists. of whom about three-fourths have been raised up in the island. Our day-school mas ers number about two hundred and forty, chieflynaLes of jSI I hope during this year to succeed in obtaining complete re- turns on other matters, those which have hithert"o appeared Tn the annual journal of our Synod being veiy incompSe but I think I may venture, on the basis of such returns, to state that thoTs nd "\r V:"'' l'"^ °"^ communicants to bl" ^Zf. 1 1 1 Y't '"^ ^^'Se attendance of children in our sttLfof tetLl zx:" ''-'''' '--'^'' -^ '^^^--^^ Since Its disestablishment ten years ago, tiie Jamaica Church as been making energetic, and to a considerable extent success- lul, efforts to sustain its work efficiently throughout the sTand In most parishes the members generally have been tLS to contribute regularly for the support of the clergy? and in some instances small endowments have I.een created and areTe coming available for aiding the stipends of the voh ntarv" cle^y as those parishes fall vacant by the d.ath or rIttS rebuilT l^'^l- ^? r''"^ ^''''^''' «5"-^hes have been re-bmlt or enlarged, and about fifteen parsonage houses have been purchased or erected, and to a great extent^paid for The day schools have been maintained "in growing ?tfic'-ency and heir number increased, as is proved by the Government In- spectors Jfeports. and tlie increased grants in aid wS .re apportioned on a system of payment by results. IvnnTf ^'^^Vjrom the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Christian Faith Society, and the Tavlor Trust for our educational and other efforts, and assistance from the C^lo'nia h nd. T',ri Mv'^^""'! ^'"^^^ ^"""^-'^^^"S to about thre iiuna' and fifty pounds a year towards salaries of cerl^ain yS?..'tr^-rr ^"^^^t^ ^^^^ ''^^ ^^--^ ^^^ >ca s ago towards temporarily sustaining our newly disesta bhshed churches, we have received from England the folloS' amounts towards our Endowment Funds •— tollowmg Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge . £5 000 Society for the Propagation of the Gospel . 1 ' iQO Colonial Bislioprics' Council . 75Q ment'rbesl^i;''rl'''"r' ''' j}^''^'''''^^ the dat^ of disestablish- m'er in (Sm ^''"7^^"^" ?.^Pf ^^'^ "^^^ amounting annually to £4S Don ' f^' T't "/ Endowment Funds whicli amount to i48.000, of which £8,000 k for the endowment of the K. .Ja.maica. D '2 KisliniD'if — i- 52 LeMcr from Bl.siioi' Kawlk, of Trinidad. I HAVE pleasure in complying witli your request that I wcjuld furnish you with a brief statement of tlie fruits borne in my diocese by tlie assistance which the Society has given to it. My diocese dates from 1S72. Previously to that date the only way in which Trinidad had benefited by the Society was through Codringtou College, which supplied the majority of its clergy. f:ight of tlie fourteen clergymen whom I found on my arrival were Codringtonians. The first proof of the Society's kind interest in my diocese was an offer of a grant of £150 towards the salary of a clergyman who should be oualified for acting as a Missionary amongst the Hindoo Coolies, whom 1 had represented as forming a lai ^e and increasing proportion of the population, under the 'Government system of immigration. I was unable to avail myself of this offer, not succeeding in my in(juiry for a Hindi-speaking clergyman willing to take service in Trinidad; but on my reporting, in 1877, that witli the aid of a Hindoo catechist I was making some little progress, and had baptized many converts, the Society made me a grant of £40 towards his salary, which has been yearly renewed to the present time. The number baptized is now above 300, and I am only straitened by the want of a duly (pialified Missionary. This want 1 have now the prospect of supplying. An East Indian youth of (ireek parentage, conversant witli the Hindi language and otli'^rwise well educatetl, and bearing an excellent character at Calcutta, where he was confirmed, was sent out by me to Trinidad in September, and I hope will be admitted to i^eacon's orders at the end of the Lent Ember week. When I accepted the see, it was without endowment or settled incoine, and my salary of £(;0() was the first charge on the Sustentation Fund raised by voluntary contributions. It was urgent!' .lecessary to have the income of tliis fund available for its prot-er object, viz., the provision of salaries for the parochial clergy, supplemental to tlie Government grants, which were }.artially withdrawn at each vacancy. In our first four years £4,000 had been raised f,.r the endowment of the see, ;iiid in 1870 the Society met that sum with a grant of £500, which with an equal grant from the Colonial iiishoprics Fund, and £1,000 from tlie Society for riomoting Christian Knowledge, 'and })iivate donations in England and Triuuiad, brouglit up the endowment in 1877 to £7,di)il, wiiich at the coloniil rit.- ..t 53 interest yielded tl.e £(iU() rnjuired to free the Sustentation Fund from the maintenance of the Dishop. Within three years four of the clergy on the Government list died, and one resigned : the lapse of clerical income tins occasioned would have seriously embarrassed me if the Episcon il Mowment had not been completed in 1877, and sc't iKt nf^Tlf ^r T-'"^'"* ^'"t *^!' ^^^^'^ statement of facts, that both of the benefactions ulnch the diocese of Trinidad has received remits ^"^^ '"' ^''" ^i'l'^^t"^^^ """"^ '-attended with good R. TiAWI.E, Bi.,Jwp of the Church o/En.jlnnd in Trinidad. Ldtcr from the Bisiiop of Nassau. It may be said that the people of the Bahamas owe the p anting of the Clmrch in their midst to S.P.G. As far back as 173., when he S.P^G. was still a very young Society, it sent to these ishinds the Rev. Mr. Smith. Mr. Smith .anded in l^ebniarj^ 1 t.U, working hard, baj.tizing, marrying, and holding frequent ser^-lces. He speaks of having ten communicants in JN assau. He visited Elouthera, holding services and baptizin^r clnldren and adults. ^ ® In the Diocesan Report for 1877 it is stated that S.P.G had hbei-ally voted a grant of £1,000 tov.ards the Bishopric Endow- "fi't .A t^g^'**^^^^ ^^'^th an annual allowance to the Bishop of £lUO for ft ve years. In the same report aj.pears a resolution passed by the Synod expres.smg its gratitude to S.P.(}. as well a^- ether generous Societies and friends in England, for enablii..' the feynod to provide a small salarv for the Bishop ° Besides these aids S.P.G. has made an annual bl,)ck "ran^ to the diocese of £4o0, which has enabled the Diocesan Council to supplement the stipen.is of some of the clergy and make annual grants to others. Had it not been for such dd, the parish of St. Patricks, Eleuthera, would probably have been unable to otter more tlian £67 per annum to a clergyman. The parish of St. Andrew's, Exuma, wTthout Government aid could only have relie[ Long Island and the Turks Islands have received assistance, and so have been enabled to provide an adequate stipend. It is a matter of deep regret that the Society has been com- pelled to reduce its annual block grant, and withdraw its allowance made to the Bishop/ but it is to be ho})ed that bright days are still in store for a Society which has dune so much in spreading the Gospel, and that it will be enabled to increase its present aid to tlie diocese of Nassau. F. A. Nassau. IV.— AUSTllALIA. In 17'J5 the Society sent two Schoolmasters to New South Wales, and three years later it sent a Clergyman to Norfolk Island, a Penal Settlement. There was no Bihhop in Australia until the consecration of Archdeacon Broughton in 1836 ; but us Archdeacon, that remarkable man had made enormous journeys in his future Diocese, and his consecration gave fresh impetus to the Church's work. The Society sujjplemented the (ioverument allowances made to fifteen additional Chaplains in 1837, and for many years it spent its funds lavishly in Australif, which is now a proof of the wisdom of its past expenditure. Besides larjre annual grants, now no longer made to the flourishing and wealthy Dioceses, the Society has given 3,-2501. to the endow- ment of the See of Perth, 1,000^ to the endowment of each of the Sees of Goulburn and Brisbane, 1,(J0()/. to the Clergy Endowment Funds of the Dioceses of Perth and Balluarat, and 500/. to that of North Queensland, and it supported the Bishop of North Queensland until that Diocese possessed an endowment of 10,i)00/. There are now twelve Dioceses in Australia, which a century ago was a desert, and of these Dioceses ten are wholly indejtendent of the Society. To the Di(x?ese of North Queensland, in consideration of its recent settlement, and to the Diocese of Perth, whose condi- tions are peculiar, the Society continues its assistance. Letter fmm the late Bishop of Sydney. Your letter arrived at Sydney when I was ill, and unable to attend to any business. I am still forbidden by my medical advisers to enter upon any matters requiring thouijU. The grants made by the Society for church building and clergymen in the Diocese of Sydney are of large amount, and sufficiently testify to the liberality and great aid the Society afforded to the early Church in Australia. The amount of those grants can be better ascertained by you than by me under 1 Tho allowanct; to the Bishop ceased on the Hishoprie Endowment Fund reaching £10,O0H. Imt thi' Society has since made a I'urtlier grant of HLW) 55 my present ciroimisfai.ces, while the results of tl,n v: • , ■ '"I'mficencernavin part l.e .fathered iromtKT> "^ '"^"^••'ty s 1 very imu-h re.ret Ly malAll^ oVT ^^t^^ i. Sydnkv. and the imminent withdrawal of VZ • i ^ • ^ <^^^f ^""^ent responded to by a pronn e of l>/u l^^^lr^tT" ^^'""^^^ meet each sum of i.JUu annually r,i I ?n t , ^""'^ ^'""'^ ^^' previously unprovided for. }iy the .Tin of V'^on T''' made to me in addition to the i^O ?T ""V"^^^ ^ ^^^r thus two large and important districts those viy n1' H "u-n - '"'-^ ^-"''' ^' "''^ *^'«y « date spoken fully to Ihe Society. It is too soon, perhaps, to siiy rnucli of tlie results if that work : hut this much lias heeii gained -a h(jth cjises through the help of the ^Society's grant, that th.' Church has been enahled to he the tirst in supplying the religious needs c'' a large nunihur of '">lonists, not of her own communion only, hut many of them professedly of other I'rotcstant eomiimnions' living otherwise far away from any opportunities of Christiaii worship or instruction : and in both cases the \\:nk has been done in a way which bids hiir to attach the whole jiopulation ..f the district to tlie Church. H. H. I'lktii Letter from ihe late Bisiioi' of Adelaide. This diocese wa.s recommended for endowment and erection in the S.P.G. Re}K)rt of the Committee of Archbishops -iiid bishops dated June 25, 1842. A sub-connnittee, presided over by the Rev. Sir H. R. Dukinfield, ac-cordingly nuide an appeal to the public for sub.sstminster 87 Abb<'y on St. Pfttr's 0:,v June -'0 Tt ww .. J i , j^r iv.„v, B...,„,, .„ M..,b„„„;,,"r/ f- '■;,'; , '^;^«..wn At tins crisis tlie uk of r,e Suciutv w.,« nf ,.;» i " to this young and stru<.dirMr dWos To ""P-tnnce in an unk.ufwn country- p^s.sldTr" t) ^™P'"^'^ «^'"Ji"f,' '^'j) pus.sL.s.sc'U i(jr the must imrt r.f i;++i settle is ,rmattt.r°„f vcrv ^a ", Ucu i ™ 1''' ?,''"" ""'^ t.:tn.ost l„„gi„g f„r tl,t'.^din *„■'';. '.."'"T'hcMffi"' h" cl.urcl,, parsonage, school auj niinisttr are often Ibl ,|l r° lUfiiibem, am sometimos witli l,-,lr , ""en lowl'. re- proviJos thonMvith the Hko priltg ; ScIlT bl V ■ncrabl. y PC K " r"""; "l°, '"^^'P."' >"" S""'''-V ""'"''^ sucb tt'^:;^^/ AZStnttt bJZ'sV^^^^ he mo,„bers- of the Church together a,,.?, ckiv'Vti,?';,^ ': May the biessn,g of G„,l rest upon our wishes.^' Ihe fcociety, I sratefullv apkno»lp,l«o a:,i ....,.:_..- ■• , 58 Down to tlie year 18«!0 tliis diucose received £500 per annum for tlie &upj)crt of clergy- At that period of its existence Dean Farrell and others thought that the colonists were wealthy enough to provide in a modest way for their own religious wants, tiud tliat the funds of +he Society should be applied to new and more neces-sitous colonial dioceses, or Missions to the Heathen. In antii'ipation, accordingly, of the withdrawal of the Society's grant, a Society had been started in 1860 for two objects — one, the " Endov. inent of Parishes;" the other, for the obtaining " Additional Clergy." For seven consecutive years subscriptions were successfully invested ; the income of which investments then became applicable to the above pvirposes. A former generous benefactor, William Allen, Esq., had left to the Bishop a becpiest of £5,000 ; the interest proceeding from which, added to the former funtl, became an effective means of supplementing the narrow incomes of the Parochial and Missionary Clergy. It was the S.P.G., nevertheless, which gave the first impetus to these voluntary etforts. About this time, also, the original building leases of the two ar-res forming Leigh Street beg.in ^.o fall in, and the improved rentiil added considerably to our diocesan r ^sources. It became possible to guarantee incomes for the parochial clergy to a certain amount, and by " forage allowances," enable them to extend their pastoral ministratioi>s beyond he precincts of the township 1" which they lived. The building of parsonages was aided in like manner by grants of 25 ;^er cei.t. on the sum expended on a jiarsonage not exceeding £8)0. In the agricul- tural areas, where the settlers were scattered abroad. Missionary Cures were established ; the clergyman at staged periods holding- services in dift'ererit centres of population. Religious services have been supplied in different parts of this Colony, which exceeds France in area, though at present occupied by less than 300,000 souls. The number of clergy will by the end of the year approach fifty. In Adelaide, the Cataedral and five Parish Churches have bet^n built by voluntary contributions, the Hrsl at an expenditure of n-.ore than i'^J /*')0. Filled to overflowing on Sunday, and open daily for Divine Service, it exemplifies what can be effected by the ageroy '-i' the S.P.G. in the tirst instance — muderate endowments, and an annual subsidy for a few \ears, .intil a Church has been planted firndy in a young Colony. It should be remembered, also, that South Australia was principally colonised in the first instau' e by Nonconformists: almost ev(Ty denomination in England, vvith th.eir sectional varieties, finds a representative congregation, even in the city of Adelaide itself. 59 The principal institutions connected with our '"'hurch arc, besides the five Parish Churches — the Cathedral, Si. Barnabas Theological College, Bishop's Cour+,, St. Peter t, Colle, iate School and Chapel, with fifty-five acres of ground attached ; Pulteney Street Day School, in which the Bible and Catechism are regularly taught; a thriving Clergy Widow and Orphan I uiid ; Annuity Fund for disabled Clergy ; Poonindie Nativo Mission, and Melanesian Mission, all under the super\'ision of the Diocesan Synod, which meets in the Church Oftice Buildings in Leigh Street, complete the existing organisation of the diocese, and which, with the blessing of God, assist the Bishop and clergy in their labour to bring home to the scattered members of our Church the saving knowledge of the Gospel of the grace of God, the Redeeming love of Clirist, and the abiding presence of tl^e Comforter in His Church even to the end of the world. A. Adelaide. Leffcr from the Bishop of Melbourne. The grants of the S.P.G to this diocese have extended over many years: in fact, ever since its creation in 1S47 ; the benefits ueriveJ. from them have been great, and have been frecjuently acknowledged; but :t would b'~ quite impossible to furnish "a summary statement of the fruits which have been produced " by them. Statements of the position of the Church at the date of the Society's first Grant, and at the present time, could no doubt be prepared, but they would be misleading if published with the intention of in(Mcating the fruits which have been prodiK-ed by the Grants o the S(>ciety. Similar Grants from otiier Societies have be i made concurrently, as well as much larger Grants from the local legislature, all of which woukl have to be taken into accor.nt, at^ well as such growth from within as has not been stinudated by the liberality of the Society. I think that all I ()0 for the current year enables me : — (1) To supplement the stipends of Jive clergymen in the parochial district f)f " The Campaspe," where, without it, we could subsidise (and therefore in all probability maintain) only thirr. " The Campaspe " is a large agricultural district peopled by poor " selectors," who are struggling with great difficulties. It has been settled since I came to Victoria in 1877. {•!) To make up a sufficieat, though small, stipend for % very laborious and deserving clergyman in the Gippsland Forcct— a densely tmdx're.l j.art of the country where "selectors" are spending all the strength and means they can comn.and in making "clearings" where they may cultivate the soil. At present they cannot afford to contribute to the minister's stipend. (.S) To assist a clergyman to maintain himself in South Gip})sland— a poor agricultural district, comprising four or five small townships, which has always stood in need of large help Irom central funds. J. Melbourne. ■^;'^-.~-^^ ^\^ Society's aid had been confined to particular local itus, result i might perhaps have oeen ascertained, but in the distribution of the grants in aid the wishes of the Society have been consulted by transferring the assistance rendered by It fn.ia place to place as new centres of populatior. or Mispion districts requiring help were formed. Lrficr from tin v»f of Ballaarat, Tins diocese came into existence in May, 1875. lam the first Bishop. From tlie very first I hpve experienced from the S.r.G. a degree of considerate, generous, and judicious support —always courteously and cordially rendered— which has been of the greatest assistance to myself and those who act with me in organising and develo])ing the Church in the face of singular and uuexpeclod diiiicuities. 61 The aid given by the Society has been a means of stimulati.i<^ the hberahty of the colonists. In tlie ar.luous task of n is " yearly a Diocesan Sustentation and Churclx Extension Fuul 11 . ten7.n^° rT\^^" '^^'-^ "^ P°«^ ^"'l ««'^ttered places) of lat erlv of £300 h ''V^ "' ''' '-l'^;.- °' ^"'"^ ^^^ -.m„n. an Thus notwithstanding many deaths and removals, we have been able m five years to increase the number of cl-r.^y irom thirty-six to fifty ; of readers (probationer clergy) from e ' to sIxtyO ' '' '' '^ ''^ ^'^ '''^'^"' '^""^ '^^"^^"°^^ me^^i^itJlStr""- "" '"''" "' '° """'^^" ^^^^S^- about f 500'.' 1:;^^ V'''L'*^'-r 'f ^''■^' ^^^ '^^^"^■^^^«^' population aoout i),oUU : twenty-eight mdes by ten) (2) Carnyhavi (ten centres : forty-live miles square) (6) Kingston (four centres : nine miles by six) (4) Murtoa and Dunloola (clergyman withdra^-n latoiv n"es byXty) ""'' ''"'" '''"" '"^'"^' ^^""^ '^^ '^-^^^'-^' miles\frty).'"" ""'"""'' ^'" '""^ ^"^^^^^'^ = '''''^'''' ^^^-^ (6) irarnm«iioo^ ^/i-5.?io« (a wild sea-coast district^ .inPP U\''' r ,f '^^r/i"ite new districts, or much dev.loped since 187o, when the diocese, as a diocese, first received S.pIu. clmPchfsT''" ™' ^''''^ P"^' "'^^^ ^"^"^■^""^ ^^^^"^"^•- «^"^«" (8) Portland Misdon (superiatendence of an immense bush laces °" '"'^^'^ "^^'^ '^*^st> ^"ie 30,000 people inhabit these' h^^; ?'n f'^" ^^ ^''*'?^ ^^ y^""" ''^"^^t>' ^^ "^^^«t £4,000, / «s t/ioi/tr^ //u/i! sum, raised by me for tlie Endnu-nnnt of thJ diocesan work. Tliis means some £;iOO or £M:h> per annu.n. 5^. l)AI.l.AAU.Vr. Letter from the BisHoi> of North Qukhnsland The Socioty-s very helpful grant to the Episcopal Income will no be neede.1 after June, 1882. My diocese will always fee indebted to the S.>c,ety-ind(>ed will owe its existence to your provision and protection, and, I hope, will study to repay ime oi its heavy obligation. i j - ^ fiEORGE ir XOI'.TH (.»rK!->;-r •. vr: * Those incliule peimaiicut ivuilcrs. C-2 v.— ASIA. T^uu.^:^"t^"'T ^^'''''^:' '" ^"'^''^""■^ established 1705, in t'lcdtufk l\r. of ..enmark, and was ur^ """^o SIntiuythe Mi«io'„ "« "I 'VZLl t t Rev'!? ' r/ '" "" tlie (;hapl,,i,., aud the Rev. A. R. IIu°b,r hap S > Now viciir of Barn I tor the .\rrh(le;iconi-v .)!' - Sn- Icttfi ,,r lii'sl,,,! .y.^njw Heccles. and (Jrgiuu.iug Secretary of tlie Society rw 661- I I fto I > c.f ,' -4. IT T UM ~i 1 V,. ' I N D 1 A IN DIOCESES, 1802 i P2 :S> \ \—---\Jl..-\-j 6« 1 76 i- -^^Ci I. 7i /,'/,;■ /I i;-i Jay, 6cn K Tj^vk-i LitJi ii«Bj il' Mill T ^ r,3 mainly throu-h his iintrumentality, whom I confmutMl tliis y.^nr • an, who unite, to general ability and special iutellectnal powers a really remarkable kuowledcre of St. Paul's Epistles, far better than 1 have seen in many camlidates for Ordei-s whom I have examined whether at home or in India. We may hope that bv (Jod's hiessin<' lara (.hand may e.xercise a like intiuen.i t.. that of Ram CMumder " Mr Ske ton was successful in getting? to^etlier in the churcli of ^t. Stephens, so named "in memory of „ur faUen brethren ' th,. scattered remnants of the former Mission— iiududin.' Y ' Ram ( hunder; Theophilus Kasim Ali, master of the .Mission Scho.d ; Heera La 1, catechist ; Sara, wife of the late D. ( 'himmum Lall and Martha. ' {'. In lSt;;j Mr. Skclton was appointed a Professor at Bishop's CoUt'^'e, anil so ceased his direct connection with l)ellu. >lr. W'inter, aided by Mr. Whitley ami Tara C'hand, continued the work of the Mission, and started a new school; thus having 440 I)Upi!s, heath' u and Mussuliuan, under Christian teaching. They also extended their work into out-stations — at His.sar 110 miles, and I!hiw;iiuiee, sixty-four miles from Delhi, they establisheil Branch Mi.t()wanls the endowment of tlie See whi( h will nol be niHintaiued out of puhlic moneys after tiie nciimbencv .f the present IJishop, and it endowed St. Thomas' CoMe-e Vith an e(|u:il sum. " The Mission U, IJorneo was eommeneed in 1847 bv a Committe-* who rai.sed a .siM>cial fund to which the Society contributed In lSo4 the Society took the responsibility of the whole Mi.ssion, which It has borne ever since. It gaye £5,0(10 towards the endowment of the See, and has recently offered £2,000 in order that the endow- ment of the See may be adequately completed. To the Diocese of Victoria, Hong Kong, the S(K-ietv contributed lL,OOU for the endowment of the See, but it has had no Missions within its limits of any magnitude. After the Hnst day of intercession (Dec. 20, 1872) a muniticent J.ayman oftered a subscription of £1,000 per annum for five year>^ on condition that the Society entered on new work. At the same time a promise of £000. for missions in China was received. ,0-0"'' tnicouraged the Society sent two Clergymen to Japan in 18_<3 and two to North China in 1874. There are now six Missionaries of the Society in Japan, and in China the first Mission- ary has been consecrated Bisnop and has with him four Clergvmei besides several young men who are training for Missionary work. The Society's Annual expenditure in Asia now exceed.s £"40,000. Letter from the Metkopolitax of Ixdia. You requested me to send you a summary statement of " the truits which I conceive to liave been produced in this diocese bv the assistance which the Society has extended to it in the pa':^ especially with reference to the present condition of the diocesV and to f- encouragement given by the Society's grants to its' indepeiulence a.id development from within.' The subject has been, I assure you, upon' my mind very con- stantly, but with every desire, even for my own informati. -. to arn-- at some conclusions upon it, I have found the task' so ,^,r\ ^'""^ ^ ^"^ '""''•^ *^'*^ doubtful of my ability to "ive a faithful account of the past history of the Mission work in this diocese. It may seem a strange thing to say, but I am stating a tact when I tell you thr having now visited everv part of India 1 find that the country seems to me to be influenced bv Christianity to an extent far beyond my expectations, but that it is impossible to specify and say definitelv this arrencv h.a<. pruuucuu so much and that agency so much. The Influences i 68 that have been at work are so interwoven that tliey cannot be disconnecte'l. Tlius the education pivcn by the government, tlie administra- tion of justice, and all the other secular influences that have been brought lv. bear upon the country, have tlrawn attention to, and have produced a respect for, Christianity : then, the more direct influence of Mission schools, though not having produced results that can be tabulated, or such a number of converts as might have been expected, has done much towards making those wlio are still uoti-Christians to be well acquainted with and well disposed towards Christianity ; and you will perceive that it may therefore be (^uite true that maiufest results are disappoint- iu-f, and at the same time true that great results not on the surface are clearly to be seen. I am conviuced of this myself, that tlie great work has pro- gressed quite as rapidly as it did in the e;iily centuries of Church history, when tlie (Jiiurch had, as now in India, to undermine and overthrow old-c uablished systems of religion and philo- sophy. I may furtlier illustrate the difficulty uf which I speak. The results whicli pre most apparent are not always those that are most likely to be pregnant with hopes for the future. Thus at present in this diocese the Chota Nagpur Mission is the most deeply-interesting and encouraging, but it can scarcely be ex- pected to produce results beyond the linnts ot that comparatively small district. 1 thiidv you may understand that no one has much hope that the Christians in Chota Nagpur, converted as they are from aboriginal races, will ever be able to influence the subtle Hindus and tlie self-satisfied Mohammedans, who are the real mass of tlie ]»opulatiou in India. This same remark .^pplies to a 1,'reat "xtent to Tinuevelly. Again, as regards the connec- tion of youi Society with Cliota Nagpur, it is very ditlicult to say how much of the credit sliould be put to your Society, and iiow ninc!i to the (ierman Lutherans, by whom the tirst work \\as ('one before S.P.G. had anything to do with the ^lissiou. I cannot avoid mentioning another diflricidty which affects me personally. It is a very delicate matter ior me to attempt to spi^ak of the results of the past in this dioce.:", inasmuch as, while lindiiig much in the way of indefinite results when I came to take charge of .die diocese, I found Bishop's College almost empty, and as regards 8.P.G. Missions only one University man connected with them in the whole diocese. Tiiis leads me to speak of Ihshop's College, and clearly it has done excellent work in the ]Kist. 1 will give one instance of the influence whicli it ]ia.> brought to bear upon the future of the Church in *' HI) r this country. No man is at the present time exercising a more powerful or more permanent influence upon the Church iu South India than J)r. Kennet, of Sallivan's Crardeus, Madras, brought up, as you may know, at Bishop's College; iuid I am myself of opinion that the production of such men is a much truer ground for congratulation than the accession of a large number of converts, because the mere ninnhcr of converts has far less to do with the future of Christianity in this country than their (lualitji, and tlie quality depends upon the quality of the men trained and sent out to be pastors, and teachers, and Missionaries. The worl then that has been done in time past at Bishop's College ranks first in my estimation as proving that the lal)ours of the past have not been in vain. But I would add that tlie number of Christians in tlie diocese attached (though alas! but too loos.dy) lo S.P.G. is ])y no means inco')siderable. The Cathedral, Tollygunge, and liariipore jMissions, if efficiently worked and wisely organised, would sliow definite results which, under existing circumstances, are in a state of flux, and cannot be accurately computed. This then leads me Lo speak of the future, and though not forgetting Cawnpore and Banda (interesting centres capable of producing results if only thorougldy worked), I will lay the main stress upon Calcutta and Bishop's College. I would use all tlie powers of persuasion tliat I can command to induce your Society to realise the wonderful opening there is for the development of Bishop's College in its new position. I fear that my advocacy of its removal into Calcutta has debarred me from the chance of being believed or tiasted in the matter, but that the fact is as I state no one out hure has the slightest doubt. A re^dly great future is before it if only your Connuittee will seize the cpportunity. Tlie proposal whicli went from the Committee here for a boarding-school to Ije built in connection with tlie College, and a dniwing of the College iiilu relations with the educated natives, and tlie Mission work of the Cathe- dral and I'owanipur district, has been carefully considered and is regards,!, by us as a innst important step; I will only add that if the Society would really and lieartiiy aim at a complete and efticient organisation of this work iti Calcutta more will be accomplished for the future of t!liristianity in this diocese thiin could lie accomplished by any other means that I could suggest. I cannot do better th^in conclude with a quotation from a letter written by Bishop Cotton to Dr. Kay in the yeai ISf)!): — ".My short experience has convinced me tliat one of our chief objects should be to endeavour, under Cod's blessinir. to raise un n 70 ministry not only zealous and devoted, but learned, and able to cope witli the intellectual suljtleties which are opposed to the spread ot" the gospel iu India." Edwaim) Pi. Calcutta. Letter from the BiSHOP of Laiiohe. I always write in the Records of each Mission a full and well-considered account of the present condition of each depart- ment of the Mission, and of the impressions left by the newest inspection c*" it. I am sorry to say, I have no accounts of the early history of the Delhi Mission by nie, and, as the mail leaves in two days, there is no time to send for tlieni from else- whert-. In my early Agra days, it attracted my attention very much, and Messrs. .Sells and Stuart-Jackson occasionally visited me at Agra and joined me in itinerating tours, which we found, I believe, mutually helpful. During Lie time Mie nuitiny raged fiercest, Tara Chand, driven from the city of Delhi through liis supposed prepossessions in favour of Christianity, found me out in the fort at Agra, and I had the happiness of instructing him for some weeks or months tlKre, in St. Paul's Epistles, which work Mr. Shackell afterwards continued, and, administering ])aptism to him, became his spiritual father. Three months after the capture of Delhi (whicli on one Sunday, as I recollect, every gun on the fort wall of Agra, as by a simultaneous burst of military enthusiasm, gave tidings of far and near) I for the first time visited that city, dreary and deserted of its inhaiiitants, almost like a city of the dead ; and saw the spots in the fort and elsewhere immortalized by the death scenes of several members of your Mission known to me at Agra before — Mi'. Hubbard, Mr. Sandys, and several colleagues, native and European. I then for the first time also became ac(|uainted with j\l aster Riim Chunder, one of the fi'W allowed tu return td his < Id (puirters in the Chandni Chauk. His loss, with that • ^ ',■.?. Winter, in not much more than twelve months, has Ku,"!y widowed and bereaved the Delhi Churcli. I continued at Agra only just long enuugh to welcome Mr. Skelton aud his colleague on their lirst arrival Delhi, ti /epair the waste places and build up the ruins i,i a Mission nienunable for its early martyrdoms, :ii:d the conversion of n lew men who have ]iroved, and an> jtroving, most valuable Mission agents and exemplary models of Christian life in the South I'unjab. Their being brought to the faith had mtu'h to do 71 with the Sunday Bible Classes of the Principal of the Government College. To Mr. and Airs. Winter's work I need scarcely bear any fresh witness. The history of their work is the Church's trust and inheritance. Besides the administrative and Financial ability displayed by both and the breadth and scope of philanthropic effort which hui. -tarian schools have laid claim to of late as proper to non-Christians, their life, if it spoke anything, always spoke this at least : Lord ! it is done as Thou hast covimanded, and yd there is room. The poor, despised low-castes of the suburbs of Delhi and tie small towns, at distances of ten, thirty, fifty, and even seventy miles, have been Mr. Winter's special c ire ; showing a marked conformity to his ^Master in this : He snail be favourahlc to the simple and needij, and shall preserve che souls of the poor. With resolute i)ertinacity of purpose he has clung to these poor people : with the alternations of encouragemCi.. and sad dis- appointment which the Apost" j experie^.ced at Corinth. Fifty- oiie, mainly of this class, I received to confirmation a few v.-eeks since in St. Stephen's. Mr. Maitlund, of Trinity College, Cambridge, has for two or three years back helped with him in this, as a son with a father, and has arranged, if God will, after his ordination in Simla, about Triiity Sunday, to divide the year between tln^ Arch- deacon's Curacy at Simla in the hot weather (which oilievwise his health requiied him to spend in England) and the work he loves at Delhi. That Mr. AVinter's work is (though mainly) not exclusively among the low-cr ^es or outcasts, the frequent' visits paid him by Sirdars and liayees, or chief gentlemen of the city, and the steady maintenance of a most respectable ]Mission High School, under able Christian Head ]\Iasters (native), with Scriptural lessons given oy the Mission Clergy, and numbering among its former scholars many of the more educated youth in that part of the Provinc ,, abundantly testify. am' unwearied patienc — availing himself With much skill likewise of the adv ^-oes for training of (..u.'cliists alfurded by the Laiiore Div" School — ]\Ir. Winter has succeeded in gathcrinu round himself a 'arge force of native teachers and readers, whom, l»> brin;.;ing together from month to month at the Ceiuval Statini,. .aul by frequent visits paid to them in their outlying posts, ne has wisely superintended and controlled. These r;:\v levies are not all at once brought to the elheiency of disciplined forces ; and there have been disappointments thiongh the Lick in some of zeal and faithfulness. Still, the n.iprovcmeni app-ars to me to have been steady and decisive ■•^^ % 72 uiultT tlie watchful eye and firm guidance of the head of tlie Mission. Of the work of the Cambridge brethren I have sent a report so lately, that it is scarcely necessary to make any lengthened reference to it. Several things have concurred to make their j)resent call to take the lead in the educational work of the Diocese most opportune : (1) A movement which assumed two years since imposing dimensions to raise large funds for a non-Christian (if not anti- Christian) college, to be affiliated with the new Lahore University, has strangely and wholly collapsed. (2) The people of the Punjab (though, perhaps, more at Lahore than Delhi) have in no ambiguous way expressed extreme distrust and dislike of secular and godless education. (3) Lord Ripon has, with a boldness of which our English press complain, harshly expressed his own personal preference for religious education above merely secular, (4) The Government educational policy exhibits at this time a very marked tendency to throw the burden of the higher educa- tion, on a largely developed grant-in-aid systen; ; instead of charging themselves with the work. (5) The Sub-Committee of the Senate of the LahoK University College, have thrown upon me the responsibility of preparing a compilation of moral teaching from the best and most approved sources, for the use of the Government High Schools and University Classes-to-be ; and in this matter I hope to receive much help from our Cambridge brethren. Having visited, with ^lessrs. Winter, Bickersteth, Allnutt, and others, so many of the large outlying towns from wliicli very fair roads radiate Delhiwards on all sides, I cannot but augur most hopefully for the future of the Delhi Mission. The field lies before them so open, the land so populous, education so steadily growing, the sphere neitlier contracted in itself, nor hemmed in by a number of rival IVIissionary btdies : above all, cheering tokens of the presence and blessing of the great Head of the Church. Tiios. V. Lahore. Letter from the late Bisiiop of Rangoon. In replying to the request for a summary statement as to the fruits produced in tliis diocese by the assistance of the S.P.G., 1 ought, perhaps, to remark, in the first place, tliat the Society commenced its operations in Rritisli Burma nineteen years before the creation of the See of Rangoon : during which time I V '/ 73 it only formed a part of the See of Calcutta. It was, I believe, at the solicitation of the Rev. C. S. P. Parish and the Rev. H. W. Crofton, former Chaplains of Maulmain and Rangoon, that the Society was induced to enter upon this field of labour ; the names of the Missionaries sent fortli during those nineteen years being the Revs. T. Cockey, A. Shears, J. E. Marks, H. B. . ichols, C. Berrv, C. Warren, R. W. Evans, J. Fairclough, J. Trew, C. H. Chard, T. W. Windley, and ]Mr. W. E. Jones. The first place occupied was Maulmaiu ; where a grant of land was obtained from Government for Mission purposes. This Mission was commenced by the Rev. A. Shears with great zeal and self-denial, until ill-health drove him home in 1861. On his departure the work greatly collapsed ; so much so, that twenty-five acres of ground which had been granted to the Mission by {\iv Guvernnient was, in that same year, surrendered to the Secretary of State for India ; mission work, however, still ■went on ; but, in a few years, was abandoned. Rangoon became happier in its fortunes than Maulmain. Under the vigorous efforts of tlie Rev. J. E. Marks, aided by General Fytche and Sir Arthur Phayre (Chief Commissioners of British Burma), the year 1864 saw the establishment of a Missionary Anglo-Vernacular College, called St. John's; an institution which has grown most prosperously and nobly, has been the means of imparting much enlightenment among the rising vduth of the country, and, at the present moment, numbers 500 pupds. In 1865 a school for Burmese and Eurasian girls, called St. Mary's, was founded, under the superintendence of Miss Cooke, who was succeed( I by Miss Miller and Miss Libbis. Similar schools were also established by the Ladies' Association at Prome, Thayetmyo, and Poozondoung ; to each of which the education, on Christian principles, of a large number of native children is much indebted. Additional boys' schools were also founded along the banks of the river L'rawaddy by the Rev. J. E. Marks, on the suggestion of Bishop Milman when he made his first visitation to Burma in 1867. These were at Zelloon, Myanoung, Henzadah, and Thayetmyo ; of which the two last only survive. These, how- ever, are very successful, and have all along been doing an extremely good work. In the same year the Mindoon Min, king of Upper Burma, sent an invitation to the Rev. J. E. ^larks to work as a Mis- sionary in Mandalay. This resulted in the erection, by the king, of large schools, together with church and dergy-house. To the schools he sent several of his own sons. The church was consecrated by Bishop Milman. Tlie object of the late Burmese king in all this, having been to secure political advantages through i he Mission from the British Government, and having utterly failed in this design, he subsequently with- drew from it, and left it (juite uncared for. After ten years' labour, Mr. Marks left Mandalay on sick leave ; v/hen his place was filled in 1875 by the Rev. J. Fairclough, and afterwards by th*^ Rev. C. H. Chard, who remained there till 1879, when he was appointed Government Chaplain at Thayetmyo. In 1874 the Rev. J. A. Colbock was appointed coadjutor to Mr. Marks ; but after the arrival of Mr. Fairclough, took Mr. Marks' place, as acting Principal of St. John's College, Rangoon. In 1877, however, he was appointed by the present Bishop of Calcutta to the charge of a Burmese Mission in Kemmendine (a suburb of Rangoon), and to a Tamil Mission in Rangoon itself, in which post he was labouring on the formation of the See of Rangoon. Only one other Mission neerls to be noticed before we enter upon a more detailed leview of work done subsequently to the arrival of the Bishop of Rangoon. This concerns the Karen JNIiision in Tounghoo. The first successes among that primitive people Avere achieved by the American Baptists. In the course of time, however, a schism arose among them ; through which large numbers were left like " sheep witliout a .shepherd." Tliis ejected fiock sought aid from the S.l'.G. Great reluctance and delay were shown in accepting the retpiest ; inasmuch as an honourable disinclination was felt to " enter into other men's labours." Nor was it until many of them were found drifting back into heathenism, that final consent was given, under sanction of Bishop Milman. Since then the scattered fragments of these Karen Chri.stians have been consolidated into a Mission of theS.P.G., undercharge of the Rev. 1. W. Windley, aided by Mr. W. E. Jones, preceded by the Rev. C. Warren and his devoted wife, both of whom died at their work. It is now time to sum up the results of the Mission work in Burma, which undoubtedly took a new start from the creation of the Diocose of Rangoon. As might have been expected, the Bishop was warmlv welcomed by all the clergy on his arrival in January, 1878. At that time tliero were only four Missionaries at work ; viz. Me.ssr.s. Marks, Colbock, Chard, and Windley ; Mr. Fairclough being home on furliHigii, Mr. Jones, however, maybe added to the number as a lay-helper. Nor was there any native ministry. At the present moment we rejoice to say there are ,s;''' native clergy, and one Eurasian ; of whom four are in priests' orders, and three in 75 deacons'. Thus the total number of ordained Miss )naries amounts to fourteen ; being very nearly three times the number of those found upon the tield'at the beginning of 187S. In addition to this there are also three native subdeacous, and four others are about to be appointed. Speaking of the various Mis.sions in detail, but with the greatest possible brevity, — I begin with I. IiAN(;oox. Sf. John's College at the close of 1871 liad but 184 pupils, with a daily average attendance of 142. It has now over 500, with a daily average attendance of 450. Its working power has also been strengthened by the appointment of a new Vice-Principal, the Eev. T. Kickard. It .shoul.i be added that this college contains among its boarders 120 orphans, who are entirely suppoited by local subscriptions ; that it -ives Christian instruction daily to ail its jmpils; and that about 100 bapti.sms of Burmese converts have taken place in the college chapel since its first institution. A Chincsr Mission has been also commenced in Rangoon which is or ..l' peculiar interest. For two years before the arrival of tli«' Bish<-n in 1878, about fifty Chinamen had been under the c;ire of the I!ev. Mr. (now i)r.) Marks, aided by a Chinese catechist. S )on after the arrival of the Bishop in that year, forty of these were baptized, and in the followinij year twenty-seven were confirmed and became regular communicants. Since then about twenty more have joined the infant church, and have been confirmed. The conditi(jn of this Mission is very hopeful ; and will be much more so as soon as we can tiain one of them for the ministry. The Tamil Mission in ]uing(^on has been nlso greatlv blessed during the last four years. A liandsome church was "built for them, and consecrated by the Bishop in January, 1880 ; in which services are conducted daili/ by a native Tamil clergyman, whom the Bishop ordained in 1878. The ronverts are constantly increasing. The work is al.s . supplemented by a Telugu catechist. In this church also : here is a veekly "^service held for the Burmese converts. II. Kkmmkndixk. This is a Burmese Mission, with the village of Alatchyoung, on the op])osite bank of the river Irrawaddy, attixcliecr to it TllO Rev •! A niilli.ii>L-'a i.i.i.il \i-,irl^ ill fl.Jc ,,lr,^., 1 1 J..1 itlW ii..i: 76 up by Mr. Fairclough, and promises t(j bring fortli much fruit. Within the last three years a commodious school-room has been built in Kcmmendine, which is used also as a church for Divine Service, and is well attended. III. Thayetmyo. At this station, although there is no Missionary, we have a flourishing Burmese boys' school, of which the master, now made a native sub-deacon, is a most earnest evangelist, and conducts Sunday services in his school-room with great success. IV, Maulmain. After the niassaces which took place at Mandalay on the assiimptieix of l!ie throne of Upper Burn)a by King Theebaw, and the conse'iuent withdrawal of the British Residency troni thrt city, -v.e regret to say that the Mission (at that time held by the Rev. J. A. Colbeck), had to be abandoned. The Bishop, therefore, resolved to re-commence tlie Maulmain ^Mission, which has be<-n dene with great vigour under the hands of Mr. 'Jolbeck. The ground, formerly surrendered to Government, has been re -granted to the S.P.G. ; and a churcl' capable of holding COO persons is being built for the Burmese at a cost of 10,000 rupees. Th ^re are already forty converts from Buddhism. A large schocl, with over 100 pupils, is at work hi a temporary building; and funds are being raised for a permanent school and clergy-' ouse. One new Missionary deacon has been added to the sta**' of labourers, and two native sub-deacons. Seldom in the history of Missions has there been so rapid and effective a revival of lapsed labour. V. TOUNOHOO. The work among the Karens, of which this town is the centre, has been pre-eminently successful. In 1878 a clnirch was built and consecrated ; and five Karen teachers were ortlained deacons, one of wliom dit'd shortly afterwards. In 1881 new and exten- sive mi.ision schools, with chapel and clergy-house, were erected on acLinn ,r,idi,ig site, at a cost of 15,000 rupees. There are no\,, in this Mission no less than eight ordained Missionaries, with one English layman, and a medical department of Mission work also a+tached to it. On the Karen Hills there are about fifty-three _ Christian villages ; and through the evangelistic labours going on, new henthen villages are frequently applying for admission into the Church. In 1880, it may be added.'this jNlission received a printing-press, through a generous grant of the S.P.C.K., witli a yood supply of type, and a plentiful supplv 77 of paper, by the aiil of wliich, publication work has already com- menced. Arrangements are also in contemplation to conmience a native theological school in our new buildings, for the preparation of the native ministry. One young man in Maulmain, lately converted from Buddhism, is anxiously waiting for admission. I now give, as desired (with great reluctance, however, owing to the difficulty of making thoroughly correct estimates), an appropriate summary of the whole S.P.G. Mission field at the clcjse of 1881 ; assuring those who read it that, from our fear of exaggeration, the statement is under rather than over estimated. Total number of native Chrisf.ini.s „ Communicants . \Vell-built Mission Town Churches School-room Mission Town Chapels ;3,oOO 1,400 :} 2 49 Villaje Chcpels Tmvn Mission Schools Boys' 10 Girls' 3 .Alixed 1 ViHar/c ]\Iissi(jn Primary Schools . . . 300 Tot;.l number of Missionaries ... 14 (Of whom 10 were ordained since A.D. 1878 by the Bishop of Rangoon) — (aiz.), Native Pastors English . , . .4 Candidates receiving the rite of Confirmation since A.D. 1878 550 Mission Churches consecrated since A.o. 1878 . 2 New Mission Church now licinf] buiU . . 1 Mission i^;-;'/?/'i«5r-^y/Y',ss, established A.I). 1880. 1 Jleuthen children under instruction . . 1,200 Christian children under instruction . . 1,000 Publication of the Book of Corniaon Prai/er in Burmese, A.D. 1870. Establishment of ^Medical Mission. Tounghoo, 1879. Publication of the Booh of Common Prayer in Karen, A.D. 1879. Publication of a Church Hymn Booh, A.n. 1879, in Burmese. Establishment of a Rangoon Church Mission Magazine published monthly, a.D. 1880. Diocesan Boanl of Education forming, A.D. 1881. J. H. Rangoon. If< Jo'uit letter frovi the. IJiSHOP of Madkas and HlSHuP CaldweLL. 1. The grants of the Society to the Dioopge of Madras have long been hvrger than the grants made to any other Diocese in any [.art of the world. For many years the Society's grant averaged £l(),(tO() per annum. It now reaches the high average of £1.'},()00 per annum, an amount which exceeds even the grants made to the J)iocese of Calcutta. The whole of this large grant is expended in ])ayni. iits towards Missionary work, either directly, in the .support of Missionaries and the partial supjKtrt of native pastors and catechists, or imlirectly, in the maintenance of Mission Schools. Only a very small j)roportion of the Society's grants has at any time been expended on buildings. Speaking generally, it may be said that the entire amount has been devoted to the sacrod work of sowing the good seed of the Word ; and as a proportion is generally found to exist in every department of work between means and ends, between the number of labourers in any field and the fruits of their labour, it may naturally be expected that Madras shall stand as high in the order of results as in the order of receipts. It will appear, we trust, that this expectation has been fulfilled. I. Historical. 2. In 1824 the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, which up to that time had carried on the Missionary work^'nf the Church in India, resolved to transfer the management of its Missions, with the superintendence of the work of the Mis- sionaries, to the Society for the Propagation of the Cospel, whilst it continued to help forward the work in less direct, but still very effectual methods. This resolution was carried 'into effect in Calcutta and Bombay in 182.5, and in [Madras in May, 1826, when a District Committee of the Society for the Propagation ot the Gospel was formed. 3 :\Ia(lras not being then a separate diocese, the Committee was called a District Committee, not as now a Diocesan Com- mittee. The Committee then formed was a very strong one, including almost every influential European in ']\Iadras,° We quote the following from a recently published volume, Records of the Early History of the Tinncvelly Mission. " This meeting' was held on the loth of ]VIay. Bishop Heber died shortly before, on the 3rd of April that very year, and the See was now vacant. It is a remarkable illustration of the way in which God, though He changes His instruments, changes not His work or purpose, that the very month after the Church in 79 India, and especially in iladras, sustained what appeared to be almost a crushinj,' loss in the death of Bishop Heber, it pleased God that one of the great Missionary Societies of tlie (,'hurch should commence its work in Madras. The friends of the Society in Madms did not wait even for the appointment of a successor to Bishop Hel)er, but took the first opportunity of District Committee's organising themseb'es into a Committee." 4. During the first ten years of tin work the number of European Missionaries employed by the Society in what is now the diocese of Madras increased fiora six to thirteen, the number of Christians in the congregations from 8,352 to 11,743, and the number of children in school from 1,232 to 3,2r)8. The ])rogress thus commenced has ever since continued. It has som-iiiues been more rapid than at other times, Ijut there has been no real falling off; there has always been an ascent and progress in the main. 5. The Archdeaconry of Madras was constituted a Bishopric in 183"), when Bisliop Corrie became the lirst I5ishop. His episcopate lasted less than a year and a half, so that though he was much loved and revered he was unable to do many things that he di'sired. He was succeeded in 1837 by Bishop Spencer, who notwitlistanding continual ill-health laboured zealously and faithfully for the twelve years of his episcopate to promote the Missionary cause, especially in connection with the ^lissions of this Society, which in his time were wonderfully revived. He was succeeded in 1849 by Bishop Dealtry, who devotedly laboured in the cause of Christ for nearly twelve years, when he was succeeded in 1801 by the present occupant of the See, who has already been privileged for nearly twenty years to carry on tlie work of chief pastor in this Missionary diocese. The Missions were also visited by Bisho -> Wilson when Madras was included in the diocese of Calcutta ; and after the establish- ment of the Bishopric of Madras he paid another visit as Metropolitan. He was followed in succession by two other Bishops of Calcutta, Bishop Cotton and Bishop Milman. The present Bishop of Calcutta has now almost" completed hi.s Metropolitical tour, including visits to the principal Missions. G. The long list of IMissiouaries — European, East Indian, and native — employed by the Society since 182G, contains many names that will always be had in honour in Southern India. Swartz belonged to the earlier period, when the Missions were maintained by the Christian Knowledge Society, and he may be regarded in many parti^^ulars as standing at the head of the entire list ; but, omitting him, many of the Missionaries of this IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V/' «5?- #, // :/ •^W^. 5r ^A I.C Sfi^ I I.I 2.5 22 1.8 ^ III! U . 1116 "c^ y^ / w riiOiugidpiuL Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y I4S80 (716) 872-4503 d * V \ \ % \ 80 Society must be considered as holding as high a positior as any of his successors or predecessors. We are precluded from singling out for honouifsble mention the names of Missionaries now living, but among those who have entered into their rest we cannot but mention the names of Huxtable, afterwards Bishop of Mauritius, and of Kearns, and especially the loved name of Brotherton, whose memory is preserved in Cambridge by an annual prize. II. Education. of 7. The educational work of the Society occupies a place great importance in this diocese. It mtiintains High Schools in Madras and Kamnad, and Colleges in Tanjore and Trichinopoly, together with Anglo-Vernacular Schools in several towns in Tanjore and Tinnevelly. In these institutions it aims mainly at giving an education oa Christian principles to the youth of the higher classes, who wuuld otherwise be left m ithout any religious instruction whatever, or be liable to be trained up in the Positi\ ism or Agnosticism of Europe, which could only have the effect of inspiring the future leaders of Indian society with hostility, or with contempt, or (at the best) with indifference towards Christianity. Several of these institutions are entirely, or almost entirely, self-supporting, so that there is no reason in this diocese why they should be given up on the ground of expense ; and if the objects they have in view are borne in mind and duly appreciated, it appears to us that they are well worth the small additional outlay incurred on their account. The number of pupils in the High Schools and Colleges reaches the high aggregate of 2,313; and this does not include the Anglo- Vernacular Schools, the pupils in which receive an education almost equal to that of the High Schools. The number of Christian youths in the Colleges and High Schools is 484. 8. Many schools of an inferior order have been established in the villages, intended mainly for the children of native Chris- tians, but attended in still larger numbers by non-Christian children. The children in these rudiment iiry schools number 10,347: viz., boys, Christians, 3,071, non-Christians, 4,250; girls. Christians, 2,315, non-Ciiristians, 711. 9. Perhaps the most important department of educational work is that carried on in the boarding schools for boys and girls. There are fourteen boarding schools for boys, containing 583 pupils ; and ten boarding schools for girls with 594 pupils, = 1,177 pupils of this class in all. Most of the schools are carried on by Europeans, and arc all under European influence 81 and gmdnnce. All the pupils are Cliristians. The boys' board- ing schools are especially inteiided to be feeders for the institu- tions in which agents are trained up for the service of the Mission, and the girls' schools fulfil a special and most important purpose in a country in which female education has hitherto been unknown, in training up girls to be specimens of what Christian women ought to be. No person who has visited the various Mission stations can do otherwise than re^^ard these boarding schools as an unmixed blessing i . the community Ihree orphanages also have been established, in connection with tlie Society, lor famine orphans— one at Madras, another at Karanad, and the third at Xazareth in Tinnevelly. 10. At the head of the boarding schools stands the Sawver- puram College, in Tinnevelly, for the training up of catechista and schoolmasters, and the preparatory training of the native clergy. This institution, set on foot in 1842 by the Eev Dr Pope has conferred many benefits already on the native Church" Nearly all the educated clergy of the Society and most of the Christian teachers in the high schools received the greater part ot their education in it, and now that it has been raised to the rank of a college by the establishment of " First in Arts " classes It is hoped that it will do still more good than ever The students who are boarders at present number 170; day scholars thirty. "^ 11. The highe.st educational institution connected with the Society m the diocese for many years was the Sullivan's Crardens Seminary, so successfully carried on by the Rev A E Symonds from the beginning in 1848 until 1872 Of the students educated by Mr. Symonds, thirty-five have been ordained. In 1879 the character of this institution was clianged: the general edu^ ition and preparation for the uni- versity examinations carried on in it were transferred to Sawyerpuram and other institutions ; it received the new name of Theological College, and was placed under the principalship ot the Rev. Dr. Kennet. Its sole purpose now is the training ot theological students, of whom there are at present ten 12. The following is the list of teachers employed by Holding English Certificates .... 3 M.A, Degree of Madras University . . . I B.A. Degree of Madras University ..." 9 First in Arts Certificates • . . ! ' 16 Matriculated ••.... 55 Of other grades * onk iSiot Certificated 5g the 82 13. The entire number of pupils in the Society's schools is 13,207 ; viz. males, 'J.GUO ; females, 3,5e arnons? them- selves, anil each on.; sadly weighed down by the niass of heathenism a,i:fainst which he lias "had to contend. But inadequate as numbers and or^^anisation must still be confessed to be, there is much to be tliankful for now. There IS much of genuine Mis .ionary spirit and of ploddin-r faithful work ; much uf that emKuatice of hardness, and of That con- tentment witli small n.?,ins ar/l litt't 3(,eietv, which are cha- racteristic of tlie true Gospel Missionary, not a little too of intellectual enthusiasm and eager interest in the problems of Indiin life. Where these things are to bo fnind, projO ; of Poona,°some 270; the Society's rleigy m Bombay about 825 ; at Dapuli, few as 3^et besides children. If i am to say, then, what th: Society has done for this Diocese, I should say >/ has maihi a oeqmninq. The whole history of its present work among us covers i time about half as long as the Mission lifo of Bishop Cald\.-eil in Tinnevelly. Our most successful missionaries cai count their years of active service on their fingers, cr very nearly so. The Deccan ^Missions are not fifteen years old, yet one of these has for outgrown its resources, and is hampered at every turn by want of means. Small and hampered performance, large hopes— that is our present osition. But in frankness I must add one thing— outcaste converts have souls to be r-aved, but they do not represent any impression on the mass of Hindu society as a whole. That on this side of India is as yet un- touched by Christianity, so, practically, are the Mohammedans and the Parsis. In regard to independence and development from within, things are hardly in a rudimentary stage of growth. Our con- verts are abjectly poor, and their poor hearts and brains are so stunted by centuries of degradati(jn, that few are capable of being trained to any purpose. I find it easier to get bursaries than candidates for the training of native clergy and agents. From Europeans resident in this countrv but the scantiest of help must be expected. Few believe in :\Iissions, and fewer care to help them. L. G. Bombay. 8,S Lftter from tlie Bishof of Colombo. The operations of the. Society in Ceylon commenced in the year 184l» wh, e tlie island still formed part of the diuoese of Madras At that time the chaplains, desiring to further the work of the Church by parochial schools and the employment of catechists among both the heathen and the native Christians and having no other means of providing these bc.yon.l the sa anes of the then ..xisting ecclesiastical otHcers, formed them- selves mto a Committee, jointly with the members ul" the local branch ot the Christian Knowledge Society, and put them^^elves m communication with the Society for the Propagation of the (.ospel rhere were at first no Missionaries, but a few schools and catechists under the chaplains were maiiitaine.l by local subscriptions, with aid from the Parent Society Between 1840 and 1845, in which latter year Ceylon became a diocese, three Missionaries, all natives of the island were ai- pointed, and they were pc.ste.l in Nuwara Eliva, Kalutara, and Matara. Ihe, wre move 1, however, from time to time and all three subsecjuently became chaplains. After the arrival of a Bishop, natives of the island were from time to time ordained and appointed to work for the Society, and a few En.dish Mis- sionaries, lour or five in all, have come out from time to time under the Society s auspices, all of whom, except one, the Rev 1 . Marks, m course of time became chaplains. I am not reckon- ing among these the clergy connected with St. Thomas' College though the Society has always contributed libe.-ally to that College, of which it is co-trustee with the Bishop The practice seems to have been, n.,t so much to attempt distinct work on the Society's part in places otherwise entirely unprovided lor-there are now only three or four such station^ --as to assist the chaplain and catechist in the Missionary side of their work ; in f^ict, to make Missionaries of those whose view of their duty as officers of Goveniment would have cunflned them, in many cases, to ministering to Christians. Thus a Government chaplain or catechist attended his Sunday services and baptized the children of his cungregati..n, in his capacity of a Government officer, but managed schools and preached to or taught the lieathen, as a Missionary of the S.P.G. If therefore I am to sum up the results of the Society's work in Leylon, I should say : The Society has given a Missionary character to all the Church's work here. It has supplied a Missionary side t^ the w.nx of almost rverv cliapluin and catechist. ' ' 80 Inlaying greater stress on this tl.an on the work, thoucr}, there IS some good work, which the Society could point to °is entirely its own, I consider myself to bo giving the highest praise. I it is true here, to an u.n.sual .:^tenr, that there is fITI P. 1 ""^ ^listinction between chaplain and Missionary, English Cliurch an.l Native Church, between one part of th^ Church an.l another,-th,s is ,lue to the wise and unostentatious course wnieh the Society has pursue.l. At the same time let me not be thought to underrate the excellent work and very en- couraging results which have been seen, for instance in the JtJ.iona Vista Mission, or the invaluable serv:ces of St. Thomas- College, of which the Society, though not the founder, is the liberal supporter. I am conscious that since I have been here, less has been heard o the '^,t^-^-. an'4 thatlhave discouraged the titles " S.P.G. Mission and "S.P.G. Church," which were use.l almost uni- l':^^ p- f V,'''^*„T''^'' ""^t " C.M.S." I was myself called the b.P.G. Bishop. \Ve now hear less of S.P.G. and more of the Church ami ot the diocese. This is simply because, till of late years, S.P.G. meant the Church, and meant the diocese. Know- ing It to be the desire of your Society to be the handmaid of the Church, not a substitute for it, I have not hesitated to count on your generous willingness to be so far put in a secondary p<.sition. My efterts to induce the Church Missionary Society to give prominence to the diocese rathei tha- the Society alone have not been altogether unsuccessful, because your Society has allowed me to assume such willingness on your' part. Now that we have to endeavour to organize the diocese as one whole, it is uiuch easier for me to call on all to recognise their membership ol the diocese, than it would have been to call on " the CMS to join the S.P.G." • " ' ' If I have made my meaning at all clear, it will be seen that I wish to show that we owe it to the Society for the Propagation o the Gcspel that we -not merely have Missions but-are a •.Missionary Diocese ; and that if, by God's blessing, we solve the problem ot organizing a compact Church out of our many different elements it will be m great measure due to your Society. That an abundant blessing may be ever and increasingly bestowed upon that Society, here and throughout the whole scene of its labours tor the Church, is the earnest prayer of R. S. Colombo. 90 :-V A A.7/*r //w/i iJlsiioi' UllAMliKKS, lii/e !•/ LaKL'AN. Till'; .Mission to Ilorin'- was cohuiil'iic.hI in ISP hv an in- (lc[miulent organisation called tlie Hoiiioo Chinch ' Mission Institution, to which S.I'.G. jrave some assistance. I was sent out in Deceniher, 1850, as the first Missionary, supported j tlie resources of tho Borneo Church Mission Institution were exhausted, and ti.e whole Mission has >iiic(! that d;ite Iteen niaintaiiu.'d by the Society. Fiom hi Jubilee Kund. the Society contributed £5,0()() to the endowment of the See, and every' Missionary in r.,'a:i an cv-u^-elistic wcik with the help of a Catechi'st. and (luring tlie five years I wa.s tliere we niRnage.l to pay our owil expenses; l.ut sul).'^e(pient!y it was louud impossible to dotliis !iiid the Snci.ty for the I'lupaj^alion of the G(»spel came to the help of the str.:--liiig .^;i.ssi(.n with a donation of $10 a month, or about £2.1 a year towards the salary of the Catechist. ^Vlth tiiis help the Mission still exists, though (owing to a variety of causes; it is not at the present moment very flourishing. At IViiaiig there is th<' old St. Ceorge's Tamil ^Ii^ssi(^n, which a former Chaplain established with the help of the people. In Jie time of my predecessor the Societv, in the same way "as at Malacca, made a grant in aid of t!ie salary of the Pvcv Balavendrum Jfoyapen, the Tamil Deacon. About the .same time, to-:, a grant of £1(10 per annum was given towards a new Mission which the iniiabitants, with some assistance from Government, established, under the di- tion of Bishop Chaml)ers, in Troviiice Wellesley, on the mainland opposite the island of Peuaug. P.otli these\\rissions are flourish- ing, and could hardly be so if it were not for the heln of the Society. In Singapore, the St. Andrew's Church Mission, estaldi.shed by the Chai)lain and the residents, was maintained with- out help from outside the place till ISiil, when 8.P.G. sent out the Kev. E. Venn to take charge. After this gentleman's death, there was again p long period durin'i which the Chaplains for the time being tried hard to add at least the superintendence of the Catechist's work to their own onerous duties. fJut this attempt was not very successful. In 1872, H.VM again came to the assistance of the .Mission, sending to it the jfev. W. H. Gomes, who had been for many years a Missionary of the Society in Sarawak. From that time there has been steadily increas- ing prosperity. We have built a beautiful School-chapel holding 200 people, and a commodious ho"se for the Missionary, with accommodation for Divinity Students. Another Mission Chapel at Jurong, in the centre of the island of Singapore, is just being begun. Jiepresentatives of the many races of populous polyglot Singapore gather together in the Mission building to services held in the one language which is common to them all, Malay ; and there are other services in Chinese and Tamil : tliere are' some 200 Christians, the fruits of the Mission. In all the three stations, though not entirely dependent on the helpof S.P.G.,the Missions are yet greatly aided bvthe Society, and experience has shown that without the assistance wiiich the Society gives they quickly languish. 92 My own experience ut' Hurau-ak is short, and I have not yet had tine to visit all the stations. IJut here everything depends upon the Soei.-ty. And the advance that lias been made amon-r Dyaks and Chinese, is, I think, quite as great as could be reason"^ ably expected in the thirty years that the Mission lias existed. The staff is too small, even for the ground that is already occu- l)ied, we have but six Europeans and one native Clergyman for ten statiiius ; but the number of native Christians is ;ibout 3,000 ; and besides tlie extensive Mission buildings at Kuching,' the capital, there is at many a remote village on distant rivers a pretty wooden Church, where devout worshipjiers meet morniiirr and evening every day for prayer and praise and instniction in God's Holy Word. This is in a peculiar way th.e Society's o\,-n Mission. We have great hope that the progress we make now is consider- able, as the long labours of those who have preceded us are beginning to shew large results. May God help us to follow the faith of the pioneers of this Mission, and gather in the harve.-,t which they sowed. G. F. Singapore axd Sarawak. VI.-~ AFRICA. In 1820 the Society .sout a cliapliiiu to Capetown, and a second in 1840. In 1847, when Bishop Uray was consecrated, there were only thirteen clergymen in the whole of South Africa. The Societv immediately voted largo frrants to Capetown, including a sum of i:l,000 to the endowment of a -ollege. The Bishop wrote: "I have bo.'n tnabkd to bean, timoiiv in many places to the fact that the .Society IS the mainstay of tlie wliole Colonial Church ; that in iiroportion as its means are cnli.ged, so uill the Church in each distinct extremity of the British empire expan.l and enlarge her bord. rs ; wj.ije, if it be feebly supported, the (laughter ( huiches 111 distant lands must iiroportionally suffer : that the Societv has the strongest claims upon the hearty s\ nijmthv and' su]iport of the Church I'l large, inasmuch as it comes recommended by the \s hole Kpisc, pate, whether of -he rnotlu 1 country or of the colonies ; and has been, beyond every oth-r nn'relv human institution, most abundantly blessed in its labJur.s, so as to have been the honoured instiunant of },Iantiiig nourishing Cliuivlies in many of the depeniiencies ot the Hritish Crown. AVeie tliere indeed one thin<' v.hich s 'i Mis.siorary Bishop just about to dei)art for the field of his labours, I would imjilore ot tbr rimivh at home, ifvould be, to plac.-at the disposal of the Society a much larger income than it has hitherto done, that it may be enabled to nieJt tlie ever incivasiiig necessities of the Church in our colonial eiiipire. " To the eiulowineut of the See of Ciahauustown, in 1S53 the Soc.:uty gave £5,000, and to that of Natal the .sum of £1,500.' In 1863 the Society made itself responsible tor the supeiid of the Bishop of the Orange Free State, which it continueJ for ,.i.riif(>,,,. i, ^■^ti 93 years, ixntil the S ^e was endowed, the Society contributin<,' nearly £2,00() to that object. Tt has also made annual j^rants to the Missions in this diocese ; the .^rant for 1882 is £1,000. The diocese of St. John's, which is now assisted by the Scottish Church, wa.s originatod by the Society, which continues its undirainish-d assist- ance to it. Similarly the work in Zululand was originated by the Societv, whose jrrants have recently been diminished in vie.v of the unsettled state of the country, and of the greater needs of other lands. The letter of the Bishop of Mauritius— to the endowment of which diocese the Society contributed £3,000— gives full informa- tion of the Society's connection with that island ; in Madagascar the Society commenced work in 1861, and succeeded in obtaining the consecration of a Bishop to lead the Missions in 1874, since which date it has been responsilde for the support of the Bi.shopandof the whole Missionary body. On the Western Coast of Africa the Society assists the West Indian Mission to the Pongas, and in the island of St. Helena and in the remote settlement of Tristan d'Acunha the Society's grants have been and are the mainstay of the Church. Its expenditure in Africa, and in the islands adjoining, at the present time exceeds £16,000 per annum. Letter from tJu Bisiiop uf Capetown'. The Society asks for a brief statement of the benefits which have accrued to this diocese in the past, from the assistance extended to it by the Society. I may safely say that, except in a very few favoured spots, where a good-si ^ed English population has settled itself, e./j. in Capetown, Rondebosch, Wynburg, &c., we owe crerything to the Society. If it liad not been for the help thus extended to us, we could have done simply nothing in the work of Heathen Missions, and very large numbers of our own fellow-countrymen, wliether scattered about in isolated spots, or settled in small villages amoiig an overwhelming number of Europeans of Dutch extraction and of coloured people, would have been absolutely and entirely deprived of our Church's ministrations : for do what tliey would, this handful of English Churchpeople could not possil»ly have maintain/nl a clergyman to visit them even occ .sionally, while tlie funds raised by tlie late Bishop and myself in England could have done next to nothing in furnishnig this enormous diocese with the moans of grace, To show tlie value of the Society's aid I will simply make this statement. The Society's grant, now amounting to £2,500, is divit, ! amou'^ a large number of clergy, catechist.s, and school teachers. Not one of the stations thus occupied could be abandoned without sorious itijury to the Church's work. The members of our 94 i power ' n, ^' T' ^'""'J^'^'^'^y *« ^^e utmost of their power, an. yet in onlcr to keep this amount of Church .nachincry in action, diocesan funds liave to supplemen 'he Society s grant by at least Cl.-iO every quarter ; while at Ihl r short of the minimum amount at wliich tlie Synod places them, that a further g.ant has to be made year]/ out ot the Sustentat.on and other Church funds, to an amount of £1 200 or thereabout, in order to make up even half of the a.r.M-e.ate tributed by the people increases, and each vear we liope to carrv on our work with a diminished grant from^the Society. But the Soc-^ety s aid, so far, nas been the very mainstay of our Church's W. W. Capetowx. letter from the lafr Bisiioi> of Graiiamstow.v. I LOSE no time in replying to your Circular Letter thou-h stlf.Sbi'^tl^.'^'"^' ^^"' "°^ ^--"«" ^'— ^^^ ^t'^anS'i It seems to me impossible to overestimate the value of the Society s aid to this land .f South Africa since the vw 848 ^vdlen B.shop Gray first landed on these shores. The simple fact of his one diocese having been allowed, in thirty-two years to grow into a Province with eight several sees-amUi ha'ndfui of ^ozen or fifteen clergy to grow into s. .nethinc. between 50 and 200 (.you will know the statistics l.etter than I cb from memory alone) and in nearly the whole of this work, be des our Diocesan Colleges (two in this diocese, two in Capetown besides those of Bloemfontein and St. John's Kafiraria'^ be nJ a.leJ and set forward by the grants of the aRaas ^e U t"^- the sister society, S.P.C.K., speaks volumes in itself Iftndmy own former Archdeaconry of Grahamstown which when intrusted to me in 1848, had only six clergy m it to ether with a military chaplain, is now divided into three sees-flfnked border Ihe six clergy have grown in^o seventy or eighty there being forty-seven in my present diocese alone. Ard fmay' ru]' say hat there is not one of them who has not indiSy and hardly onewho has not directly been aided bv the S P G ^ 1 wish 1 could say that all our congregations have learned to become sel -supportin;, .Several of themliave done L-b t tl e ;11 lessons inherited from the richly endowed Mother Churcliand the debilitating effects of stato aid here, which is now in process I 96 of being withdrawn— have in;ide us more backward in this behalf than I think that so many years of generous aitl from home shouhi have leit us. The £501) annually distributed among our clerf^v (exclusive of the grant of £2,0V0 for Missionaries to the heathen) from S.P.G. funds, will, I trust, be gladly surrendered in another generation to aid other poorer and more struggling L'liurche3. I iiave hardly yet named the greatest feature of our work, founded and almost entirely maintained by the S.P.G. It ic enough to say that whereas twenty-five years ago we had not a single Kafir convert, we are now counting our communicants by thousands, that we have a native ministry growing up ; an 1 that the foundation is laid of a native ministry fund supported entirely by themselves ; which, but for the troubled state of the country w^ould, ere this, have grown into a respectable amount. For the sums which the Kafirs have of themselves freely contributed towards building churches, churches that would not disgrace any European congregation, especially at Xendands and the Keis- kamnia lloek, is a plain indication that the natural carelessness of the heathen and the savage, a trait most perceptible in them, can be made to give way before the teaching of the Gospel. I may add here that the large sums contributed in the colony towards church building and school building, may form some excuse for our not having learned more rapidly the far more difficult lesson of a conti>mous instead of a spasmodic liberality, such as alone can ensure a fixed and permanent support of the Christian Ministry amongst us. On reviewing the above I hope there is i;0 need of deprecating the idea that a statemeiic of our progress is in any way a self-gloriHcation. The uppermost feeling on contemplating this great and rapid growth, must be " What hath God wrought ! " And next, through what instru- mentality, under His blessing, have we thus been enabled to lengthen our cords and strengthen our stakes ? Partly by bene- ficent Government aid in the days of our infancy — partly by generous private liberality— but mainly through the continuous stream of bounty derived from the S.P.G. X. J. Grahamstown. Lfiter from the BiSHop of St. Helex.v. The following statements will show in some measure the fruits of the assistance extended to this diocese by the Society. In 1846 there were two Sunday services in Jamestown— one at the country church (now tlie cathedral), and a weekday service twice a month at Longwood. For the who! ti-rsrl- n.f flic ialors.J f'G ther •e_ was only one clei-yn.an, the Coloiual Chanl occasional Mp on Sund^s in' Jame.to J Lm Z : plain, with Chapl am. Wiiat must havp been at that ti Mi uarv me, under the Jubifants, of whom by far the lar^^est number were emancin-.f ,1 slaves and then; chihiren, may he inferred from tl^ 3f ; B 1 on .ray s a.ldress to the Island Church Societv i„ 1 850 after the addition of a. as^i.tant to the Colonial Chaplain in 1848 am o a deacon.schooln.aster for work in the country in 1849 The Bishop said "Pa.tly in consequence of the 4at hea of tw! clnnate, partly from the difficulty of movin. about rom phoe ^J:^.I::^J^' f^Tl' it'is utteny Impo^lb^^JLlt .dve nt f^n ''f->V^'^^^>''l.- ^" a ::;aon of the island. A reduction of lie number of clergy became necessary, and greatlv W we ft m;o:hhrr,rk° Y:^^ ''' consequences%f ..is in defLtl^e arochial A^ork Indeed we owe it, under Gc., to the Societv hot we are st.ll able, though imperfectly, to meet the srS ual wants of our people. j_ ^ c;,. Helfna Letter from the Bishop of Maritzrurg. The request contained in your Circular Letter is one which, I should suppose, would command the readiest response nion. The difficulty in complying with it would appear 97 cliiefiy to arise from the almost irapossiliility of jiulgipfr, espe- cially in youu^ and shifting communities, what' is 'peniianent in our spiritual woik. There is a further difficulty in this diocese, which is experV-nced nowiiere else in our Church, ia estimating accurately tlie re-^ults of the Society's assistance in the foundation and maintenance of tlie work, a dithcnlLy which has not only to be borne in mind by any one in attempting to present a true report of the past history' of the Church in this colony, but forces itself as an element of uncertainty into any calculation of the amount of property acquired by the Church for it:j permanent benefit, as well as of the numl)er of souls which have been brought nithin reach of the means of grace. I am always in the habit of thinking and speaking of all the Church's work here, each parish and Mission, and every in- stitution therein, as owing its existence, either directly or in- directly, to the venerable Society for tlie Tropngatioii of the Gospel, and always encouiage the hoi)e that, even where the effort made !ias shown least tokens of success, or has had to be for a while abandoned, tliere may be some permanent, though latent, spiritual work which may bear fruit hereafter ; but 1n looking for the materials for such a statement as you desire, it is impossible to forget the fact that, liesides the original endow- ment of the see by the Colonial Bishoprics' Council, at present alienated, there are buildings and lands acquired, and churches erected under the auspices of zealous Missionaries of the Society, which for the time at least are either unused or perverted to a use for which they w ere never designed. r>ut, in spite of this, which must, as I have said, import an element of doubtfulness as to the permanence of certain parts of the work as represented by material property, the fruits of the Society's assistance may be thankfully recognised in almost every part of the diocese. Exclusive of eight churches and three parsonage houses at present in Bishop Colenso's posses- sion, but which, it is hoped, may eventually revert to the Church, there are many proofs of tlie growth and extension of the work, which those who study the annual returns and reports will have already marked. The grant for the maintenance of. clergy amongst our scattered and struggling colonists has been so administered as to be gradually extended over a much larger area, calling forth locid contributions to meet t:ie original grant, which has been reduced as the resources of the several parishes and congregations were able to bear it, in order to create fresh centres of work wherever the number of the population justified the attempt; while the grant for native work by similarly 98 I-ulies- Association, l.as ciuble.! r,,.' to a.1.1 no less tlian elev. n ."rkTn"' "" ^^'T,"^''V'^ J '-'nd engaged in dir.ctlv Alissi^ vork on my arrival here in l.Sli'.t. I am uiuvillin- t..,lelay this lett(,r for a single mail, and there- lore woul. ict.-r you to former returns f..r statistics as to the number ot our eoininunicants, and the amount contributed for Umrch purposes throughout the dioces.^ botli of which items liave been steadily on the inca>ase year by year and have grown from almost ,nl at the ti-, ^ when the Society's Missionaries began their work. I Aj-ould only add that, as regards .levelopment from within and the hope of independence of extraneous aid, that thou'di our present Clergy Sustentation Fund only amounts to £;i6ui) towards which the Society contributed '.toOO, yet there' are already two parishes which are now entirely self-supportin-, and hers which are advancing towards this coiulition in the twelve years of my Episcopate, the number of clerry has risen from e even to twenty-eight, the churches from three U) twenty-two (eight more being in course of erection or projected) the parsonages from one to eleven ; while I have besides six catechists, six lay rea.lers, and seven lady helpers also at work. AV. Kennktii ]\I.\i:rjziiUiiG. I i Lrtter from thr BiSHOP of St. John's. In reply to your circular, in which you re(.uest me to send you a ' summary .statement of the fruits which I conceive to have been produced in my dioce.se by the assistance which the Society has ..xtended to it in the past," &c., I cannot but re- p^y that v.-hatever Church work has been established in Jvaflraria is the fruit of the assistance given by the Society at the beginning of the several .Missions there. The great diffi- culty of all such works is to obtain the requisite funds for beginning : these the Society has in every instance which has resulted m the ioriuation of a large or imi^ortant ^llissicn, con- tributed ; and I do not belirjve it would have been possible eitlier to begin or carry on Church work in the diocese without such assistance. \'ery little has been done in KafTraria towards its^ ind,>pen.h nee of money-grants from the En-lish Church bu. our every elfort with the aid of the SocieH-'s erants is to' teacli the na-ive Christians that it is their duty and'privile-e to be iiulepen.C.nt self-supporters and helpers on of the (;ospel of Christ amongst their still unbelieving countrymen. ]Ie.\rv Sr. John's, Kaffi:.\I!Ia. i'' 09 Litter j'njiii the Bishop of PnETORFA. ' TnE,Iel)t..f this .li„ivs.> t(. tlu- S..ci..tv is (1) tor -m inn„..i (2.) A PuntrihutioM t., tlie (.M.l,nv,n,.nt of the Bishnnri.. -m.l an annual ,nant tu^yar,l.s the Bishop's incon.... ThV a i.e ' Kr Klhans uor-ls Wu rin.n,^,,,, Ua rrrlrsinr ivau in th. \\.U of n.o.U.n, T,:,nsvaal history, can alun. h. ron,,.roher..hM]. = (.}.) I luav ad.l tliat the eleni,.nt of niiabHitv ut this i.n.sc.nt tunc n,aki-s its irrant of far givater vahie. ' ' (4.) It tli,' BluL-k Grant for passa-e of clcr-ry be renewed .- ha may be a.l.le.l to the S..i.,y's ,oo.l s.^iic to" I^ ';^!^'^ - ' '""' ^■•''"''''l^' aseithor of the othors to s;,; the H. B. Piu:tohia. 1 't L-'ttr-r front Bishop McKe^ii;, of Zrij land. It is not easy to ^ijive a genenil aceouut of the effect nro- duced in this land by the .Missionary work which fs b^. a ^'o.n- on under tlie auspices of the Sodety for the rront.t . of the Gospel iu Foreign Parts. Xo MisLr/ pe hap TS "j nore to con end with from the constitution of the countrv V 1^0, r;i:'";. 'TI ^'"^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ «^^^^^ such r^z vuision in tlie war of two years ago tliat we are now only gidiei^i, our scattered people and re-buildm, our desoS The th-ee places t<. wliicli tlie grants of the Society haw. been mainly devc .d and which I l^^ve been able ""Sit ^^ St. lauls Kwaniagwaxa, and Isandhlwana. Of Mr Jackson's ation I know nothing from personal observation [at ?^^ 1 lis own reports will convey all the information 1 couVd ' i"^" and very likely more, while T beg especially to call attention' to a very interesting and suggestive account'^of h ftif to h tS^'^S^T^y:^-^ '"■"' '---'-' '^ the society in fl:: At St Paul's the P-v. 8. M. Saniuelson is arrain resident— of his old house nothing but the fouiulations .emai n He has converted his od waggon shed into t.o rooms, and has buH another wlo.'Ji 1ip na-.o of ..^ i- . , , .' . " ^'^ unui " ""^ " "' i"<-^t.iiL ioi (.iiiin n, sciiuoi, and sauiy. G ::: li'O Ilis wa'i^'on, wliicl. o-.i^lit itself t(j Ix' stiindiiiL,' under oovor, serv('3 as iH'dnium for one of his sons. J[;ij)j.ily the Ljardun was not seriously injured eitiier by Zulus or l)y soldiers. Even Iiis trees lemain, tlioui^di elsewhere they have heen out down for fire- wood or for -trat''j,'ifal purposes, as at the \orwe;;iaii ^Mission Station, Ktyo-.ve. JUit the jieople in the n<'i;ihbourhood have been very mueh scattered, and thoi.^h some Iuivl rebuilt within easy reach, ;ind more are ]»erhaps cominfr, we find liere th(! full pressure of a dilliciilty wiiiLdi will tor a lon^' time make our work less easy than l)ef(jre. Many of the /nlus could not bdieve they were really safe after the war, and would not build n^'ain Jiear the main roads as hefore, so that Mr. Samuelson has at present fewer for scho(d and service, and he cannot visit so many in their own kraals. With time and patience and peace in the land, full confidence we trust will lie restored, and then we shall reaj) the lienefits which, though at such sad cost, the war lias undoubteilly bestowed upon us, in humbling,' this })roud jieople, in i,'ivin<,' them a respect for Kni,dish jiower and -oodness, and in making them desire to be on frier.(lly terms with us. It is no longer said to one who has taken service for a tine under a Missionary, "Why do you work for this dog of a white man ? " 1 fiml as I travel that at every outspan Biany come in a friendly way to chat, and all of them salute me as Inkosi, or chief. However, with regard to St. I'aul's it was pleasant to have four presented to me for Confirmation from among those who returned with ]Mr. Samuelson, and to learn that not many beasts are killed within a considerable circle of the station without a ji.int being sent to the friends of so many years standing. Just after their return greetings were sent by many who lived a long way off. and the heathen about ke(>p Sunday by abstaining irorn the harder pait of their ordinary work, they will carry firewood but not cut it ; they will car^y in corn but not reap it. I give you these apparently tritling par- ticulars because they indicate an intluence far" beyond Avliat we should gatlier from returns of school attendance or of average congregation.s. I am writing I'.is at Kwamagv.-a.^^K and liere we have a body of Christians already great and steadily growing. Five nun-e f unilies are coming very soon now to live under the laws of the Christian village of p:mtini Emide, or " at the tall trees," which is the usual native name for the place. There are far more l)eoi*le resident at this station than there were before the war ; they have settled on the various allotments into which a large tract of ground has b(>en marked out : they have adopted 101 Tnuch of the improved methods of biiil.ling a.ul agriculture which have ueen shown the.a ; they have taken to phmtin- potatoes and cabbages iiist.-ad of n.ealies only thev have adopted a code of regulations and elected a council from among themselves. l,..f..re which, and not- before the uni.e- Jievers, their cases are being tri.'d, and their induna r.r chief ot the council is rec„g„is,.d as an induna by the chief of the district and by all the heathen in the neighbourhood. It may give soine Idea of the work when I say that on Sun.lay week I baptized hiteen adults and c.nfirmed thirty-three (none of the titteen being I regret to say included in the nun.ber). Dofci.As, Bishop >oi! Zl-luland. htUrjrnm Bisiioi- Ki:.STELL-C:.)i:Msif, MUdonarij Bishop in Tn ol^edience to the request which I have received fiom the >ociety 1 will endeavour to give a brief summary of the results attained by the money which has been spent in Madagascar, ana 1 will begin with the coast : — „ J:""','/"7:-^y.« l''^^'^ ^"ilt 'I ^'00,1 church here at a cost of iJOO, ot which £.,()0 was granted from the funds of the Society the reruamder being subscribed by British residents in that town. Besides this we have put up a school for boys and one for girls which IS being enlarged to admit of the reception of boarders; we have built a good church at Mahasoa, which is about eight miles to the west of Tamatave, and at wondron? which IS about three miles south of Maha^oa ; we have recon- structed the church at Foule Point, which was destroyed last year by a hurricane, and we have purchased a site for a church at l.Mioarivo, which, however, will not be proceeded with unless we can hn.l an English Missi.)nary to take up his abode there Al An.h.vorauto we have built a good wooden church at a cost ot J.>(M). Our work on the coast is not in a satisfactory condition chKlly Vrause it has never had fair play. That has taken place ot which I have repeatedly warned the Society-our feeble attempts to grapple with the whole of the eastern coast of ^laaagascar with three men only i:i priest's orders, has enabled the Independents to raise the cry which I anticipated of the desolation of the great Betsimisaraka tribe. They have from ^oiibL Ljy secretiy encouraging the first nnnn^od ..I- :ic 10: the Hova St {Kimtist.s. They liavx' now tlirowu ofl" the mask and have sent down one of their liest men, who is doin^' his utmost to hinder the adv; nee of the Churcli Nor is thi^ :dl : '^o where we may from C»pc And)er to Cape St. Mary, wherever there is a settlement oi Hova, theie is a nominal estahlishnient of Christianity affiliated to the Inde]iend,nt body at Antananarivo, So that we are always iilaoed in the j)Osition of an intruding body. There are two remedies for this : the first and most tosential is to seL..re real Missionaries. We do not want brilliant num, but we want men of obstinate determination and devotion to work and of well-diseiplined minds; we :;hall be able to place, o\,-inj; to the increased <,'raat (jf th<; Society, three men on the coast this year — one at Vohimare, one at Tamatave, and one at Aii'lovoraTito. I pray Cod that good men may be found to occupy these pasts. The second remedy lies in our increasing influence at the capital. I have no doubt myself that this iidluence is in- creasing, but the proijf of this will be found on the coast. IiiieriiKi. — With the funds intrusteil to us by the ^Society we have built three churches in the ca])ital and two schools, and we are at present engaged in the construction of a third. Our chief church is Ciirist Church, where we have a congregation of some 500 to Ti'O, with about 120 communicants This con- gregation includes our achools, but then it must be understood that all our congregation exceiit the old are learners ; nor is it at all of bad omen that we are able to attract to our teachin'' a large number of young married men with their wives, their children, and their slaves. We have around the capital eighteen country stations in- cluding the college, and we have continual appeals made to us to extend this branch of our operations. The college at Ambatoharinana is prospering in spite of the very great difficidties under which it has la'boured. If what has occuried could have been foreseen a diilerent site would probably have been selected, for it happened that ... r afttn- Mr. Gregory took up his residence there witnesse(' ^. reak of a very reverj e})idemic, amounting in fact lo .. i-i.igue ; it seemed to take its ri.se a little to the north of Andjatoharanana, and such was its severity that a perfect ])aiuc ensued. This was naturally enough used by any persons who did not wish well to the college to prejudice the minds of the ^lalagasy against it ; happily, however, the epidemic has ceased and the health of the inmates of the c Aege being exceptionally good, confidence is again restored. At th'. college, besides the students proper, thtre are eighteen boys, sonu; of them of high rank, who are nos btMiig very carefully (Hlucated, and some of whom at least will probably become aiHtiijgiiisbed members of the collej^e. There is a stone church ir, course ut' .•i.ctiun which will "be a most striking featurf at Ainl)atoharanaii,i, the designs for which were given by Mr. I^ufertield. I'nfortunately the man sent out as cleric of the works proved to be incapable and it was found necessary to dismiss hi;w. In consequence of this, Mr. Gregory is compelled to add the otlice of clerk of the works to his many other occupations. Tlie building is now progressing very satis- factorily. I give an account of this wurk because I think it will interest your Committee, who have shown their sense of its importance by a sustentation grant of £100 per annum. It is right, however, to say that beyond a donation cf £l()0 from the special fund, and of £:300 from ri.P.C.K., this has been done l)y ^Ir. and Mrs. F. A. Gregory, aided by tie energetic co-operation of Canon f Iregory and other friends in P^ngland. As to the f -ture of the Mission, in spite of many failures and very sad discouragements, I am still hopeful and confident. We are regarded with a considerable and an increasing amount oi" favour, and when the disadvantages under vhich we have laboured are duly weighed, it is only wonde.'il that we have the standing ground which we possess. I believe that we are gradually raising the tone of Christian teaching in Madagascar, as well among those who are under our instruction as among' others who are nut at present in communion wi:h us, and that a higher and deeper sense of divine truth is being developed. My hofe is that this process of development will continue to grow and increase, so as eventually to ])ring the native Church of Madagascar to the condition of a pure branch of the Church Catholic. KoBEKT K. Kestell-Cornish, Bishop in Madagascar. u Letter from the Bi.sHOP o/' Mauritius. 1 So little seems known about Mauritius in England, even among tho.se generally interested in the Church's Colonial and Ali> lonary work, that I think it well to preface this statement with some general remarks as to its locality, inhabitants, and early history. 2. ;'The Diocese of Mauritius" comprises the important and btautiiul island called by Thierry "the Malta of the Indian 101 Oceai)," toyetlier with its many .sniall (lejieiideucuis. ThcsR embrace tlie Seychelles Archipelago, Kodiim.ie.s, Diego Garcia, and about .seventy ntlier little islands scattered over a vast extent of the Indian Ocean. liodiijTue.s, the nearest, is :iOO mile.s to the east ; and the Sevciielh s group, the mo>t im- ])ortant dependency, is nearly 1,(IUU to the north of Mauritius. All are in the tropics. 3. The Portuguese were the first to discov(.>r Mauritius (in loOo), but the Dutch were the tirst to inhaliit it nearly a hundred years later. 'J'hey nanu'd it after their Prince Maurice, but abandoned it in 1712 for the Cape of (}ood Tfope. In 171.")' the French took possession of it, named it " l.^Ie of France," after their mother country, and peopled it from their colony in the neighbournig island of Bourbon. Its geographical position in the diiect line between India and the Cape made it of much importance to their East Indian trade; ami the introduction soon after of the sugar-cane, cultivated by a large slave-poprda- tion, greatly augmented its value. In 1810, the island was iiaptured by Great Britain, whose merchant vessels had been much harassed l)y the French cruisers which found harlxjurage at Port Louis, and Mah'jburg; and it has ever since formed part of our colonial empire. P.y the terms of the subsequent Treaty of /aris (1814), the Br'iti.-h Crown acquired uncon- ditional and full sovereignty over the colony, beyond the terms of the capitulation of IHlO. But the French language and its "('reole" j^wA//.v are still prcdomina)it : and we depend for our monthly mail on steamers subsidised by the' French Government. 4. The present population of the I.^laad of Jf((iir//u(.<; nundters all but 3G0,O0(» souls, more closely distributed over the area of 714 square miles ^l;an the population of Belgium. Of that number some 2")G,000 are by birth ov descent British Indians; the remainder consists of a nuxed population of Creoles (of various races), together with natives of China, Bourbon, Great Britai'n, Madagascar, France, and East Africa and elsewhere, and in that order numerically. The capital, P.^rt Louis, has a population of (j(),0()() souls, now cliietly colourtid ; the better classes generally living in the higlu'r ])arts. The Seychelles group (about thirty in number) contains over 14,u6i) inhabitants, chietly in the I>laniis of Mahe, Praslin, and La Diuue.' Rodrigues has 1,450, and the other small dependencies about 1,500 among them. 5. The tot.il ])opulation of the Diocr.sr thus amounts to about 37G,000 .souls, of whom a little over one-third profess Chris- tianity. Of these 1 reckon that about 12,000 belong to tbe ]n.- Clmrchoc: of the Reformation. Of tlie " In.lian " population (250,()0(») probably not -i per cent, are professedly Christian ; ol^ MiLssulniuns there are aljout :i:>,:iU(), of Buddhists 3,356, and i.L Parsees 347. How came this larj^e and motley population here? and wliat have been its leading characteristics and history, so far as Christianity is concerneil ^ <;. In 1834 slavery was aboli.shed in :\rauritius, and about 90,()0U slaves emancipated. The great mnjority of these poor people would (there is no doubt) have thaukfullv embraced the reh^non of the English nation which set them free, at so great a p-ice ; but no efforts were made adetjuate to this end. Natural causes induced them mostly to join the religion of the majority of their employers. Tlie ancient "Code Noir " (of 1723) pro- vided for the religious instruction of slaves ; but it was found at tlie cession of the colony to our Government that ne.xt to notlnng had been done in this direction beyond the mere formal act of baptism ; and even that had been much neglected. As late as 1«2'J only two slaves were certitied by "the Itoman Catholic Vicar Apostolic to be "sufficiently instructed in the religion they professed, to know the nature and obligations of an oath," 1 and the Eoman Catholic authorities complain of their ignorance, and of their neglect of prblic worship. 7. Meanwhile ettbrts were being made by private English residents in this behalf, and the Covernment slaves or appren- tices ^over 1,000 in number) were also instructed about this period in the principles of the Church of England. Some of tl-.e chaplains of the troops, and of the men-of-war arriving in the Indian Ocean, used what opportunities they had for"evanrre- lising the ign(U'ant and scatiLied blacks in the colonvandlts (le])endencies, notably in the Seychelles and in Kndrigues. But their labours were in too many instances frustrated by the subsequent perverting efforts of the Ilomish :Missionaries, well ac(|uainted with the local French p»f„i.'i. (h-eat chau'^es, how- ever, I.ave since supervened. In Mauritius itself the poorer " Creole " race referred to (of Malagashe and African extraction) seems now fast passing away; but many hundreds (it is be- lieved) have died "ill the L(jrd." Our ])resent lalwurers and small cultivators are chiefly the Tamil and llindhi "Coolies," introduced under strict Governmental regulations, to work on the sugar estates for a ti.xed term of years ; but thev are likely eventually to be tlie permanent inliabitauts of this island. 8. In 18;!i; the English Civil (liaplain, the Lev. A. Denny, was empowered by the Archbishop of Canterbury and the S.P.G. to open schools for evangelising the ex-slaves and the ••y • C, iC51.'j, 106 poorer population generally. But the veneralile Society was not the first or tiic only worker then in the field. As early as 1814 a branch of the British and Foreign Bible Society had been established in Mauritius, under the special sanction of the Governor, Sir R. T. Faniuhar, who expressed his "earnest desire" to see a school established for the indigent Creoles and free blacks, and for the translation of the Gospel into the :Madagascar tongue. In 18:;G the Rev. J. Lebrun, of " the London Missionary Society," was ap])ointed director of the Mico benefactions in ]\r;iuritias, opened two good schools, and earned by his noble i . angelistic efforts the name of the "Apostle of Mauritius." The "Christian P.rothers" soon aftei commenced operations for the Roman Catholic Church. 9. From that date the S.P.G. has carried on its Christian work among the ever- changing population of this tropical colony, both Creole and Indian. Besides erecting several school-chapels— some, alas : to be destroyed by our fr'equently- recurring h...Ticaiie.s— it gave as its fa'st annual grant for Mis- sionary operations the sum of £200, which it raised to £500 in 1S57, and to £1,000 in 1801 ; to be reduced however after a few year^s (1870) to its present amount, viz. : £.350. In the year 1867, as many as two ordained Missionaries, si.x catechists, twenty-si.x teachers, and fifteen schools were maintained m Mauritius and tlie Seychelles ^ with the hel]) of liberal grants in aid from the local government. The district of Vacoas (under the late Archdeacon de Joux) was, for many years, and chiefly by the Society's support, the centre of very" varied' and extended operations, educational and missionary, among the Creole population since dispersed.- The Society's preseni'ctaft; December, 18S1, (owing to reductions in school-operations made by the late Bisho]) ITuxtable, when Diocesan Secretarv^ embraces in Mauritius and the Seychelles, one Missionary, two (Jreoleand two Indian clergymen, togetlier with eight catechists ; all of whom ai'c lil)erally aided by the Government About eight hundred and fifty Indians (Tamil and Telugii) are connected witli tlie scattered congregations so ministered to, together with about one thousand Creoles in ^Mauritius and Praslin. The conduct of the services, the contributions of the people, the number of comnumicants, and the general state of these Mis- sions, are (1 tliink) as fair as can perhaps be expected in the mids<" of the ince;-sant cliangcs of ]i(ipulation, and the o]iposilion of the French ritramont;inism and the ragan antagonism which we meet with here. And we have the comfort of knowin n Association," a centre of most useful work in many direc for eighteen years ; and to the formation of the bee ot Mauritius, and the great development of Church work which followed the appointment of Bishop livan in 1854 Towards the endowment i of the bisiiopric the Society con- tributed the sum of £.-3,000. An impulse was thus -dven to parochial and evangelistic organisation, to the appointment of clergymen paid wholly or in part by the State, to the buildin" of ciuirches and schools, and to increased Missionary effort among both Creoles ami Indians, which will never cease to be felt. With the hearty co-operation of those then in authority and with the aid of our wealthy English residents in those day.s of une.xam^led commercial prosperity, institutions were opened for the orphans of poor Europeans and of immigrant Indians, wluch have since i-roved of incalculable benefit to the colony and to tlie many who pass through it. The rvany thousand sailors who visit Port Louis shared in the happy results of the new organisation through the appointment of a horbour chap- lain, aided by the Colonial Churcli Societv ; and through the erection of a " bailors' Home." The Church iMiscionary Society was also induced to open a -'Coolie Mission" in I80O, for natives of South India under the llav. S. Hobbs, and for those of North India under the Bcv. P. Ansorge, in 1857, similar to one just then initiated in Kandy, Ceylon ; and it has since sustained the work with the happiest results by the aid of Missionaries too enfeebled for longer continuance in India.^ Regular visitations of the Seychelles and other distant depend- encies were begun and have continued to the great benefit of the :^c!ated members of our community. And wjien in (iod's good providence, Madagascar was reopened to the Christian M issicnary in 1863, stations on the coast were formed by both Societies— ' On^'ii.ally Cfi.lfiO, now ivclii,,.,! to l!s. 4,5,200 l,v ihv (L'stinctin,, of i,i'or.'itv. llii^ I-ishop succeeded to tlir carli.T ollicc of tli,' .Senior Civil ihunlain of the colony. - This Society, nidcl by Government and local funds, has now three Mission- .nrics, two native CliTtrynicn, nineteen Lav Teachers, twi-nty .Sciiools with more Ihaii ]. Olio Indian pupils, and .about l.-'iOO n.itive Cliristiiiiis, in the Island of IMauntius : besincs .qn In.lnttiiul ln^titniir... f,,.. ,.l,;i.l, _!• a r..; -:-:.- -•- ivl.Uie, opened in 18*4. 108 C.M.S. takiiifitlie nortliern, and S.P.G. the central district— under Episcopal direction from Mauritius. Latterly (1874), tlie work of the Cliuicli of En,t,dand in that f,'reat island was transferred to a resident Mi.-sionary Hishon in connection with the S.P.G. 3nd with headquarters at the caiutal. As tlie nearest colonial Bishop, Dr. liya.^ ordaineil Afr. Taylor in LSlU, for the C.M.S. Mission in Alondjasa, East Afiica, a station subsequently visited hy myself, at reciuest, in 1.S78. No account of the J)ioce.se, however, would l)e complete, if allusion were not j^ratefully made to urants obtained fi-om the local j^overnnient towards church and par- sonaj:;e biiildini^s, education, and the support of clergymen. The aid of the "Christian Knowli-d^e So','iety " has also been liberally elicited for church building — a ditiiculty greatly enhanced by our destructive luirricanes" The " Christian Faith Society" has also granted a sum of £100 per annum for our educational wants for many years. And a nol)le donation of £2,000 tjv/ards the completion oi certain chu. ;lies and par- sonages was made by the Baroness Burdett-Coutts. All this generous aid from P^ngland dr-\v' forth nmch corresponding help from residents in our then prosperous colony. 11. It cannot be doubted that very much of the above work may be justly traced as the eventual outcome of early efforts encouraged and aided by the venerable Society for the Propaga- tion of the Gospel. And though the entire circumstances°of the colony and Diocese have undergone an extraordinary change since about the year 1«G7, many good fruits of past labours stfll remain. In that year a malarious fever broke out, which in si.K months destroyed one-Hfth part of the population of Port Louis and one-tenth of the island hi the course of twelve months, and which still continues its enervating and often fatal course. This was succeeded by a most destructive hurricane, and by great and long commercial prostration in the following year, from which we have never recovered. 12. Bishop Pyan resigned his office in L^liH. He was ^ac- ceeded by the late P.isliops Hatchard and Huxtable, who v>ere both unexpectedly cut off after but a few months of residence. Meanwhile ellorts were being made to substitute a more regmar synod ical organisation in tin; place of the IVIauritius Clmrch Association. A'arie.. and successful as the latter instittition liad been in many works connected with the deepening and extension of the Chufii's operations, it was gpiievally fe t a basis of a more rei)resentative character was now requirea . .an had been practicable oefore. Owing, however, to the prolonged v.i-ancy in the see, nothing mor. was accomrdished than to "pjLpaic a oCiiciuc lor a voiiUitaiy .■'juuil. liie disendowing I! l();> ]K)liry of the then existing Government, however, which at that time was extended to this colony, ere long brouj^'ht matters to a crisis. At tlie request of a representative churcli meetin" convened by J'.ishop liyan in 1872 (during,' a special visit to the colony), a ni'w Bidiop was appointed by tlie Archbishop of Canterbury, liishr Roystun arrived in :\rarch 187:3, and ])roceeded, accord' > his instructions, to orrranise a formal Diocesan Synod [ . ,iie .general direction of ecclesiastical affairs. It was found, however, that tlie proprtsed Governmental measure was so d'stasteful to all parties in the colony that, in reply to tv.-o petitions addressed to the Crown by the members of the Protestant and the ifoinan Cathohc communities. Her Majesty's adv'-,ers decided not to jiroceed further with the measure. A local Church Ordinance was passed instead, which gave due ecclesiastical jurisdiction to Bishop L'ovston and his succe-ors, and vested church property in a I'.oard of Commissioners, instead ot in the proposed Diocesan Synod which had proved unaccept- able to the majority of our communion. The existing financial condition remained untouched; and after long delays Church ministrations proceeded peacefully as before. 1;;. The difficulty now arose as to the formation of a Church Institution to meet the altered state of tlie Diocese. Sliould it be simply the reconstruction (,f the defunct Church Association —a voluntary but yet formal synod— f)r a combination of both? After several conferences of the clergy, churchwardens and leading laymen of the Cluirch of England in Mauritius, it was resolved to organise a Diocesan Society on the last of tliese plans. Such an organisation, it was generally believed, by combining both olHcial representation and voluntary men'iber- ship, would for the present best further the interests and opera- tions of the Churcl. cf Kngland here. Accor.hngly at a meeting h'dd in St. ]\larv's, Vnvt Louis, under the presidency of the Bishop, on the 2;;rd of February, 1S76, the Diocesan Church Society was organised, and has produced very ha].py results Intherto, both as to the deliberations of its Councirana the practical work of its Committee. ( )wing chieily to its geographical position and the character of tlie Colony, the Diocese"' remains unconnected w,th any neighbouring ecclesiastical province, but is uniler the Archbishopric of Canterbury. 14. Dow long the Colonial Treasury may continue its grants to ecclesiastical purposes is very iincerram. At ])re.sent, owing to the limited numbers, means, and constcant fluctuations' of our scattered "general" population in a tro])ical country, our financial position would be very difficult were they to be with- o,vterians and Independents also receive aid in some degree .u- other from the Colonial Ireasuiy. 1 5. In the Senrh'llr., (where £80 of the Society's diocesan "ra- 1 rs assigiu.l to the Kev. C. A. Blackburn of the island of Praslin) the work IS very interesting among the Creole ]M.pulation. But the strong opposition of Rome seems increasingly aroused • and she has now a (new) bishop and twelve priests (Savo*^ Capu'cins) there, several of whom are paid by CJovernment, in heu of the four whom I found in 187:1 Our people in Prasliu are ex- ceedingly poor, and lacked all regular ministrations till Air Llackbtirn s appointment in 1877. The Seychelles grant nad l)een previously assigned to a catechist, and to three elementary scliools; we have now seven schools there. :\Ir. Blackburn works the dozen little islands which form his group very zealously. But it is a constant source of anxiety to me how to reach the wants of the many other small scattered islands Happily their inhabitants are very iii\v, an.l they return generally from t me to time to head.piartcrs. We have a Croyernment Chaplain in the ])rincipal ishuid of Alahe, and a (..i\l.fe. Institution, as n.entioned above. Ki. The island of Ihdn'jiies (;500 miles from Alauritius in an opposite direction, and very inaccessible) I visited last year, and have nince sent a Creole catechist to work tlieiv It was but the third visit j.aid by a clei-yman of our Church since the Diocese was formed. Alost of its people are Boman Catholic, and have two j.ricsts paid by G.-vernmonf, V^i^^M Ill tliat a c!cr<,'yiuau of our own Cliurcli and his stipen I ccjuld oe secured ! 17. There can be little doubt that, in si)ite of the unceasin^T find increa^ni^r opposition of the Church of liome,af,'reat chan^^e lor the better has gradually passed over this wliole colony. The various efforts made for the instruction of the youn^'— whether J'.uropean, Creole or Indian ; the fait'iful ministrations of many i^'ood men, of whom not a few have j^'one to their rest, on behalf of our ever-chan-ing r...a overlai)pinjr, multilinj,nial population — ellorts of which so many were orii,'inully initiated in connec- tion (more or less close) with the venerable S.P.Ci., and are now well rooted in our midst as part of a fixed Diocesan organisation — tliese various efforts deserve very grateful recognition from all Christian philanthropists. But the pressing and momentous questions remain, How shall we best Christianise our composite Indian population ? How best reach the young, scattered and working over the estates ? How best raise native a-'ents from •so Ignorant a community, to be their future pastors and teachers ? lor the general instruction of the masses nothing less than a wisely regulated Governmental measure seems likely to have real Inspect of success. Our Church is haj.pv in having been the first and < liief pionei-r in ])ivpaiim,^ the wav for so important a result; tliough her educational eflbrts, in '.Mauritius itself, are now very much confined to the Indian jjopulation. 18. It may seem little in comparison with other Dioceses buL in the conditions of work here I feel thankful to add that each year of my episcopate has seen one new church (jr chapel opened in some needy part of the Diocese. The public Sunday services, which in 1853 seem to have been but ten or eleven in number, are now upwards of fifty, exclusive of many in the gaols, &c. ; and distinct congregations, sometimes as many as lour in one edifice, assemble for successive services in En. One pasteurof the " /Oglise Libre" in France, two Creole catechists, and two Indians have been admitted to Holy Orders since my arrival; and f hope very shortly to ordain two more as native pastors. Three others had been previously ordained by Bishop IJyan, but one of them is dead. Our clerical .stati.sti(;s stand thus at])iesent — • Coh.nial Incumbents (iucluding Bi.shop and Arclideaconj K) Missionary Clergymen (; Indian Pastors ........ '4 Id These minister in ei-hteeu churches an.I chapels hesides six schoul chapels. We have nine paisunage-houses (colonial cr Imlian) more or less sufticient, besides three residences tor C.M.K Missionaries. i „i„ 9(. 1 cannot conclude without recordinj^ .he deep and fjrate- Ir.rsense which I entertain of the value of the fruits produce, in tliis Diocese l.v the assistance which the S..ciety has extended to it in the past." :\Inch has resulted, esi>ecially in connection with the (proper) "colonial" work, to elicit independent de- velopment frolu within, r.ut, a.s has heen above explained, the Imll'ni work is of such an unuiuely composite and ever chan-dns character, as will make Mauritius a purely "Mission ?Il'^for many vears to cvh>ch his Lordship x^a. ^ev forward to acknowled,^e ; it also contributed ^^gely to he endowment of theolopcal colleges. The sing e ^-.f^^^J ^e^"^ has grown into six, all of which are now mdependent of aul tiom ^^ To tht Melanesian Mission the Society contributed annually, from 185.3 nt 1 1880. On the decease of Bishop Patteson the Societ was a h bv an appeal to the Mother Church, to raise £i UUO f o i was dOit, DV ail apiHai £-M)nO were spent the perpetuation ot his memor> . Ut th .. sum t-, v on the .^■ctiou of the Memorial Church ui Noit.dk Island, il.oOO were applied to th.> cost of the church ship The So^tlcem Cross, and the balance was voted to the en.lowment of the ^^'^'^"^ .^^ The S.nnety is now assisting in the mamtenance ot cleig>men m Fiii and in New Caledonia. ,, . .i at; imi The lett..r of the Bishop <.f Honolulu shows that the M sMon intrusted to him, which was n..t '^"^'"'^J^'i^,^^^' '^^.^'""tvdiiJh indebted iov its existence in recent years to the assi-stamt vvhaU the Societv lias extended to it. r<' t!r //',* 113 Liftrr Jram tlie JJisiioi' uf (/iiiiiSTCIIURrFi. TirK Diocese of Cliristchurd. f.^unde.l by the Canterhur Association fin.l tornuHl out of tl.e diocese of New Zealand hv patent m lS.,r,) originally comprised the southern portion .'.f he Middl,. IslaiKl, and the Southern Island, and is now limited to the Irovin,.. otM'anterhury, an.l to part of the Province of V\ estland and the Chatham Islands. The endowniciits of the diocese were create.l out of a fund arising from the sale of lands iu the Canterbury settlement previous tr 18..0, and appropriated by the A.iociafon to ecclesiasti(;al and educational purposes within the Province of ( anrerliurv. Th(! whole amount thus appropriated was about £2;" 000 and including a grant of £1,000 from the Society for the Propagation 0. the Crospe m Furei - Parts in aid of the Bishopric Endowment was inves*e.l m lam. n 1851, and it is chaH^ from the estate tlius acqu'red that endowments have been secured for the Bishopric, the Cathedral. Christ's College, and for general Church jmrposes. ^ In ISr.ti when the Bishopric of Christchurch was constituted the annual iiuome from the liishopric Endowment was £r,0o' and IS now £1,000. The annual income from the Cathedral Endowment, set apart ' ir a Dean and four Canons is £1 000- Uie income of Christ College £1,200, an.l that from the General Enf ov/ment tor Church purposes £4,000— such purposes in- cluding supp ementary grants to clerical stipends, grants and loans for the building of churches, schools, and pai'sona^res It IS obvious that the augmentation of the Bishopric^Endow- meiit by the grant of the Society was of great assistance in enab ing the Canterbury Association in carrying out the desi-n winch had been contemplated from the iirst, Viz., of plantin- the Church m their settlement in it.-, enti..^ty ; and though this was not tuily accomplished until the appointment of a Bishop lu 18o0, yet but tor the assistance of the Society the appoint- ment mi^ht have been indehnitely postponed. The diocese since then has been indebted to the Society for a small annual grant, first made m 1 8b4. It was made at a time when the resources of the dioce.:e were being strained tu the utmost to supply the spiritual wants of a large and su.lden accession to the population, attracted in many instances to the diocese by the discovery of a goJdtiehl on the western side and when, too, the endowments for general Church nui-Dosas hpin.r cuuipaiaiiveiy unproductive, the Church was chiciiy dependent ]]\ ^" the volun'ary '■oiitrilmtiniH mI' Ikt inciahcrs lor the iiiaiii- teiiiuicc and cxtcii-iiuii of lu-r iiuiiislratioin. This yraiit was [(1()u1i1l'(1 111 1H74 aii(l| iliscduliiiut'il at ihr cii.l nf ls7!t, hut the addition to tlit; ifsources of tlie diocesf was vi'iy iu'lpl'ul and encoura.^'iiiji;, and must ever Ix' •^M-atcilully ivincnihert'd. as an indication and snltstan'Mi orootdt' tliu synipatliy of tlir Mdhcr Chnrcli with h(>r colonial oll-^hoot in its rll'iiVts to I'nllil (lie duties of its mission. The followinj^ |'articulars ndativc to tlie prou'ios^ and jji'iscnt condition of An: (Jhnnli in lliis diocese mav not he without interest. Tiie first settlers landed in tlu; Troviiiee of (.'anteilmiv in J)ecend)er IS.'il, and the Hishoi) in Dceemher ls:.(i. Tiie l)oi»nlation oi' the >ettleinent at the period of his arrival was iihout .".,(10(1, (if wlioiii 7(1 perceni. weiv nn'inl'. is nf tli'' Church. Fiv(! churches had heeii liiiiU, anil clerLjynu'n provided for them, m vintuined in p.irt hy voluntary contributions and the proceeds of the entlowments. Tiiere weic luur other clergymen resident in tlie diocese, who -I 'ire .....I ......1 .,(• I. .11.. r:. ^" ''"■ I'l '■':'!. ty nl .„„. of the ..i.rliost srlflcMs ..f tl.c pn.viiK ,• mill ti. tlic hiinily (.r liis (Icccmm.,! I.rotlicr. Tlic ('l,,,[,t.T insists of a (IcMii, four canons, and four lav int-njlKTs, an.l tlm Chanc'llor of ih,. .liucese. Tl... appointment "t tliL (It an, canons, and iay-nifnibers is vested in tlie (•liai)t.'r i-".Man.inm Coninuttec of tlie diocese actin- as one body lor MH- i piupoM.. N.j appomtnient is valid unle,>^s with the a.ssent "1 111'- i'l-'-I'- -^o •^••01'. '.s tiie proceeds of the Capitular Estate iiij; SI. t'. lent lor th.' maintenance of the canons, they will be felievc.l, as the Dean i.,, of all parochial duties, with the view of ' 1' ir services liem- available exciusiv<'lv for i!.e performance of " utu's appertaining to the Catliedral, and of such as are of a .tliuc.san character. H. j. o. ClluiSTrHUKCFI. J.iftrr Jroiii Uir Blsiioi- of AfcKLAND. In response to your letter, I jrladly place on record mv sense ot the obli^ration under which this diocese is to the !^oclety lor tlie I'ropa-ation of tiie Cospel, for its great assis- tance in the past. I have no-; had time, since the receipt of your letter, to look through the old account books of the diocese, and ascertain the extraordinary purposes ,■ which grants ol iiK^ney we:e made to the .liocese ui t e vear jf my predecessor; but in his time, as during' my (now nearly) twelve ytars, much help was given towards the maintenance of clergy m the outlying parts of the diocese. The small grants made eacii year (until the -nd of iST'.t), towards the stipends of such clerg\ , greatly eucouniged the peo])le visited to contribute what they could themselves towanis such stipends; and I think I may truly say that, without the .Societv's gran.s, many of our peopl(^ scattered along the distant coasts and in far-awav parts ol the bush, would scarcely have been visited at all by c'er-'v- men in the early days of the colony. 1'. I!y the liberali'ty of the S.P.(}., liishop Selwyn was able to ler lump sums ot money to certain of our parishes, on condition ot their contributing the like sums, to form parochial endow- ments, which have been, and are, most helpful to us in carrying on and extendi p.g the Propagation of the Gospel amou" the people of the colony. ° _ 3. Most judicious heli. has been afforded to us by the Society m making grants tinvards the maintenance of approved theo- logical students, who, wilhuut such help, would probably have been lost to the {tastoral staff of the diocese. ^ I pray that Ood may enable it to do for others what it has f.one to'' <'>- ii-r "1 » W . Kjt. AUCKLAND. 116 Idler f; oil. the BlsHOP 0/ ]f(JNOLL'LL'. In reply to your circr.l.ir I find that the first Mission of the Anglican Church to the Hawaiian Islands, although liherally supi)Oi'ted here by the King, His late Majesty Kaniehanieha IV.. at who.se special req- <'st the Mission was sent to his kingdom, and in England 1 \ a very influential Com! as nevertheless from its first inception aided by the ► J for the Propagation of the Gospel. The steady suppo. aat 'ie Mission has continued to receive from that ])eriod from tiie Society lias proved of the greatest value in enrdiling the Mission to hold its groimd and prosecute its work, until there is every hope of its taking firm root in the islands. AVheu the Mission was left without a head in 1870 and 1871, the continuance of the Society's grant contribuii-d in no small degree to its maintenance. The second Bishop was sent out in ]872, directly dependent for one-third of his stipend on the Society, besides receiving a grant for the assistance of the ^lissionary clergy. The death of Kamehameha V. at the end of 1872- who contributed two-thirds of the episcopal income, was a severe blow to the Mission, and it became a very serious question how it was to be maintained, the successors to the tiirone showing no sign of following the example of the Kamehamehas. This anxious nuestion \. set at rest by the Society providing in 187G the entire stipend of the Bishop on a reduced scale. Judged merely by statistics, the Anglican Church cannot yet claim 1(1 have an e(|ual hold upon the nation with the Congre- gationalists and Roman Catholics, who were both firndy es- tablished befoi'i the Anglican Church was represented in the kingdom. At the same time it has had an influence whicli has been felt far beyond the circle of its professed adherents, notably in its educational work, in causing the middle wall (if partition between the white and coloured races to disapi)ear, and not least in securing a general recognition of Christmas Day and Good Friday, which passed unnoticed up to 1862. What has been ■wrought is not to be judged merely by the congregations that assemble tor worship, according to the form of the Book of Common Prayer. Much of the work of the Mission is hid from observation. Scattered throughout the islands are to be found homes in which the mother or children will speak with gratitude of the training they received or are receiving in the schools of the Mission ; and in sucli homes may be discerned the nuclei's of future congregations in the not very distant future. The areat development in recent years of sugar cultivation ir / and mfinufacturf is creating new centres of poj)ulation. Tn jnany of tlie Plantations the desire is expressed tor the niini- btrations dI' the Anglican Churcli. P>ut until the jilanters and owners begin to reap the return of their investments, there is but little money forthconiinL; for the support of tl. Church. There is every indication that if the islands continue prosperous tlie number of clergy will be considerably increased in the iie\t few years. The building of a ])ermanent Cathetlral will do more than anything else to create a general contidence in the Mission. As indicating a hope that this may shortly be acconijdi.shed, I may note that operations in quarrying stone tor the building were commenced on January 'st of the present year (1881). It may l)e stated in conclusion that a much wider field is opened to the Church for "Missionary work in these islands than was presented in 1802. And in viewing the ojijiortunities before us, special account sliould be taken of the Chinese, who form a large and important element in the population, and for whose evangelization a special effort ought to be made. The islands are thus more than ever a Missionary field, and I will conclude these few remarks with the expression of an earnest hope that the Society will not be disappointed at not beholding more fruit of its fostering care in the past, but will continue to strengthen the Church in these islands for the work that lies before her, of gatnering into Christ's Kingdom the various races that congregate on these shores. Alfred Honolulu. During the past 180 years, the sum of about £5,000,000 has been devoted to its objects by the Society. And row, in foreign parts, wliere, 180 years ago, not twenty clergymen of the Church of Enghmd could be found, thire are about ;],b00,000 members of our communion, to whom the Word of GoD and the Sacraments are ministered by more than 6,000 clergymen, under the suf)erintendeuce of 138 Bishops. A'ot unto us, Lord, not unto us, hut unto Thy Name (jive the praise ; for Thy loving mercy, and for Thy truth's sake. 1 IS I. BISHOPRICS OF THE ENGLISH COI-ONIAl. AND >riSSIONARY CHURCH, WITH DATES OF THEIR I'OUNDATION. 8. !). 10. 11. 12. i;5. 14. 15. 16. 17. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 2(i. 27. 2^. 29. :]o. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. ay. 37. iw.ivd Aiick Nova Scotia . Quel ICC . . (.'alcutta . . Jamaica .... Bailjados (an 1 Win I-limds, 1878) Madras . . . Australia (now Sydney) Bombay . . Toronto . . Newfoundland New Zealand (now land) . . Tasmania . Antigua . . Gu'uina Gibraltar . . Frederictoii . Colombo . . Jerusalem Capetown . . Newcastle Melbourne . Adelaide . . Victoria iChina Rupcrtslaud . ?ilontreal . . Sierra Leone. Grahainstown Mauritius . . Labnan . . Christchurcli, N Perth . . . Huron . . . Wellini^ton . Nelson . . Waiapu . . Brisbane . . St. Helena . 1787 1793 1^14 1S:>' 1824 1835 183G KS37 1830 1M30 1S41 1842 1S42 1842 1842 1845 18-15 184G 1847 1847 1 .-^47 1847 184!) 184!) 1850 1850 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1857 1858 1858 1858 1859 1859 38. Columbia 1859 3!». (~>n,tario isfil 40, 41 1861 Central Nassau . Zambesi (now Africa) 18G1 Honolidu 1861 Melanesia 18ol (Jranjje River (now Bloem- fontein) 1863 Goulburn 1MJ3 Niger 1864 Dunedin 1866 Grafton and Arinidale . 1867 4!). Maritzburg 1869 50. Bathurst 1869 Falkland Islands . . . 1870 Zululami 1870 Moosonee 1872 Trinidad 1872 Mid China 1872 ll'ri'viously totlie forniation of No. 70, in IsHO, known as "North Cliinii," and, wrunyly, '■ Nin:,'i,o.") 56. Algoiaa 1873 57. Independent Kaffraria (now St. John's) . . 1873 58 Athabasca 1^74 59. Saskatchewan .... 1874 60. Madagascar 1874 61. Ballaarat 1875 (i2. Niagara 1875 63. Lahore 1877 (14. Rangoon 1877 42. 43. 41. 45. 46. 47. 48. 51. 52. 5:5. 54. 55. 65. T'retoria 66. North Queensland . 67. Caledonia .... 68. New Westminster . . 69. Travancore and Cochin 70. North China {nee 55) . 1878 1878 1879 1«79 1879 1880 119 II. BISHOPRICS OF THE AMERICAN CHURCH, \V DATES OF THKIK FurXDATlON. 34. Texas . . . jj. Miiinesuta . j6. Kansas . . . J". Nebraska Ji?. Colorado . . J/;. Fittsl)ur<.'h . . 40. Japan . . . 41. Louisian:! 42. Wisconsin . 4j. l.'tah and Idaho ITH I. Connecticut ... ITS! 2. Pennsylvania . . . . IT.'sT 3- New York 17^^: 4- Vir^'inia 1791) 5. Maryland 1792 d South Carolina . . . . 1795 7- Massachusetts . . . 1797 S. New Jersey .... 1815 9- Ohio 1 <19 10. North Carolina . . . 182:5 II. Vennont 18:52 12. Kentucky 18:32 JJ- Tennessee . is:54 14. Missouri 18:55 J3- Michigan 18:](; J 6. Arkansas . 1S:58 17- Western New York . . 1 8:5!) iS. Georgia . 1N41 /<;. I>i'laware 1841 20. lihode Island . . . 184:5 21. New Hampshire . . 1^44 22. Alabama 1844 ^3- (Jhiua (Shanghai) . . 1K44 24. Co'istanti'iople . . . l^i4 25- Maine ' > 17 26 Indiana 1M9 27 Mississippi .... IsoO 2S. West Africa . 1S51 2Q. Florida J->51 30- Illinois ISol 3^- Calii'oruia 1 85:5 J-'- Oregor 185 4 (Koriihjh " OiVh'oii aihl W'MSliiii-tn' .",...■ 0,-.) 33 low, I IbJl 4S. 49- J :). 33- (I .iniiorlv ■•Mont.iua.L'tali. Hini I 4/. Haston .... 4i. Long Island . . 46. Albany .... 4~. < 'ciitral New York Nevada .... ( 'pntral Pennsylvania Niobrara .... Nortlien \'rw .Icrsey ^Vestern lex, is . Haiti J 4. Northern Texas jj. Northern Oalit'onii.i j6. New Mexico and Ari, J7. Western Michigan j3. Southern Ohio . jQ Fond-du-Lac, Wiscon 60 West Virginia . 6/. S 'riiigtield . . . 62. (,>uincy .... 6j. Valley oC Mexico 64. Montana Iscr 43) . 6j. Washington {mi: j2) lah on 1 8,59 l,s5'.» 18G4 18(15 18f;5 18(;{i 181)6 18(;() i8t;(; 1867 1H68 1869 IS69 lM(i9 LS69 1871 187:5 1874 1^74 ls74 Ls75 1 875 l,s75 187,'. 187;'; 1875 1878 l^7s L-7S 1S79 1880 1880 TABLE OF CONTENTS. A.kliiiil'-, lA-ttr-r froiiilatf B'shtpof 5*3 Afiira, Histnri.^al Skt^t.'h ol V.'.nk in 92 Albany, Bisliop o ..... • •'' Aig..iii.i, Letter tVoiii late Bnliop of 30 America, Nur ' Historical. Sketch of work ill ^ AiitiKua, Letter from I'.ishop of . 4») Asia, Hi.storiral Sketch of 'Vork in *>:i AucklaKil, Letter from Bishop of . 115 Austr lia, Historical Sketch of V.orkiii -'^ Ballaanit, Letter from Bishop of ._ 60 Bishoprics, Tabic of, with dates of their foiiiiJation 118,119 Bishops' CoUe^^e, Calcutta . ... 62 Bomliay, Letter fiom Bishop of . 86 Borneo, Mission to 07 i>av, Kev. l)r 3 Calcutta, Letter from Bishop of . 67 Cahhvell. Letter fr..m Bishop . .^7S Caleiionia, New -^- Capetown, Letter from Bishop of . 93 Cawnpore, Massacres at 62 Charter of 1701 3 Charter of 1SS2 i China, North 67 Chotu NaiTjioro 6.5 (;;hristcluuch, I.ett.r from Bishop of 113 Co(lrinj,'tou Collef^e 39 Colombo, Letter from Bishop of . 88 Cotton's (Bishop) Thive Missitmary Successi'S of India 66 Delhi, Massacre at 62 Delhi Mission, Ori,L;iii aud Pr^ij;ress of 62 Fiji -112 Fi'vderioton, Letter froir Bisliop of 12 C.-ahamstown, Letter from the late IMsliop of 84 Grahamstown, Si e of 92 Gonloii, Uev. r -t Gui-.na, Letter from Bishop of . . 40 Honolulu, Letter fr^m Bishop of 116 Huron, Loiter frnni 15ish..p ot . . 2.") •lamaica, Letter from Bisl. >p of . ,50 •lapan ^7 .Inbilce, Society's (ISal) •> Keith, Uev. (; 1 Kestell - Cornish, Letter from lUshop 1"! Labnan, Lett. 'r from bit. ■ liish.ip of 90 Lali.M-e, Lett." froii' Bisiiop ..f . . 70 Littl.'john, Bishop 'j Mailisoii, Hishoji _o Madras, L.'lter fi.mi Bishop of . . 73 Maps — Biitish North America, to face }y. 4 Uniti'd States, ,, 6 West Indies, „ 40 Australia, ,, 54 I.ulia, -, 62 Ditto, Laiifjua.r^e Map of ,, 66 South Afiica, „ 92 New Zealaiui, ,, 112 MavitzburL', Letter fi-om Bishop cf 96 \'auritiui. Letter from Bishop of . 103 M.'Kenzie, Letter from Bishop . . 99 ib buiesia 112 Melli.iurne, Letter from Bishop of 59 Middleton, Bishop 62 Montreal, Letter from Bishop of . 27 Nassau, Letter from Bishop of . . 53 Newfouiidhiiid, Letter from Bishop of 31 NewZealan.lan.l Pacilic, Historical Sketch of Work in 112 Niagara, Letter from Bishop of . 26 Nova Scotia, Letter from Bishop of 15 Ontario, Letter from Bishop of . 26 Oiigin of the Society 3 Bacitic, the 112 I'atteson Memorial 11'; Perth, Letter from lUshop of . . 55 Pretoria, Letter C-om Bishop of . 99 Provoost, Bishop . 5 Quebec, ' ^tter from Bisho]. .f . 18 gueenslaud, Lett.-r from Bishop of North 61 Rangoon Bishojiric 66 i;anj;oon, L. tter from late Bishop of 72 Uav,'!-.', Letter from bisliop ... 52 Itupertshii.l, L.itter from Bishop of 3.5 Saskat.h.'wan, L.tterfro'.i Bishopof 37 Seaburv, li.sliop •'> Siii.'apor Letter from Bishop of 90 Fkc^t..ii, K.'V. T 62, 63 St. Ib-leiia, Lett'M- trom Bishop of 9.5 St. Jolin's, l.i'tter fmm Bishop ...f 98 Sydney, Letter fr> in late Bishop of 54 Teiiison, Aielibishop 3 'I'oronto, Letter from Bishop of . 20 Victoi , I, lUshopric of 67 Wesley, Rev. .lohn 4 West "ill. lies. Historical Sketch of Work in • • • 39 Westminster, Letter from Bishop ,,f New 38 V.'liite, Bishop 5 V\'liitlcv, bev. .T. C 66 Winter, Ib'V. W. R 63 Zl-enbal- 62