..«*;,. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1.25 tiimA 12.5 | ££ "^B l^ii ^ y£ ii]2.2 Its US I ill 1.4 1.6 m ^ '4 ^- ^. /2 /: dl ///. Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. U580 (716) 873-4503 CIHM/ICMH CIHM/iCMH Microfiche Collection de Series. ^ microfiches. [g] Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Instltut Canadian de microreproductions historiques • °^ Tachnical and Bibliographic Notes/Notas tachniquas at bibliographiquas Tha Instituta has attamptad to obtain tha bast original copy availabia for filnrting. Faaturas of this copy which may ba bibliographicaliy uniqua. which may altar any of tha imagaa In tha raproduction, or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. El D D Colourad covars/ Couvartura da coulaur I I Covars damagad/ Couvartura andommagia Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura rastauria at/ou palliculAa p~| Covar titia missing/ La titra Ja couvartura manqua □ Colourad mapa/ Cartas gtegraphiquas an coulaur □ Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) □ Colourad platas and/or illustrations/ Planchas at/ou illustrations an coulaur □ Bound with othar material/ Ralii avac d'autras documents Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La re liure serrie peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long do la marge intirieure D Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouties lors d'une restauration apparaiasent dans la texte, mais, lorsque cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont pas iti filmies. Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppldmentaires: L'Institut a microfilmi le meilleur sxemplaire qu'il lui a M possible de se procurer. Las details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-Atre uniques du point de vue bibliographique. qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la mAthode normale de filmage sont indiqu^s ci-dessous. r~n Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur Pages damaged/ Pages endommag^s Pages restored and/oi Pages restauries et/ou peiliculAes Pages discoioured, stained or foxei Pages dicolories, tacheties ou piqudes Pages detached/ Pages ditachies Shcwthroughy Transparence Quality of prir Qualit* inAgale de I'impression Includes supplementary materii Comprend du material supplimentaire Only edition available/ Seule Mition disponible r~~1 Pages damaged/ I I Pages restored and/or laminated/ r~71 Pages discoioured, stained or foxed/ I I Pages detached/ rTl Shcwthrough/ pn Quality of print varies/ rn Includes supplementary material/ r~] Only edition available/ D Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc.. have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Lee psges rotalement ou partieilement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc.. ont iti filmies i nouveau de faqon d obtenir la meilleure image possible. 7 ti T P fl C b tl s a fl s a T SI T VI N dl e( b( ri ri This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est fiimi au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X y 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X .13X r tails I du odifisr une mage Th« copy film«d h«r« has b—n r«produc«d thanks to tha ganarosity of: Legislature du Quibec QuAbec Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality possibia eonaidaring tha condition and lagibiiity of tha original copy and In kaaping with tha filming contract spacffieationa. L'axamplaira film4 fut raproduit grAca i la ginArosit* dm: Legislature du Qu(Sbec Qu6bec Laa imagaa suivantas ont 4tA raproduitas avac la plua grand soin. compta tanu da la condition at da la nattat* da l'axamplaira film*, at an oonformitA avac laa conditions du contrat da filmaga. Original copiaa in printad papar covars ara fllmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or iliustratad impraa- sion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original copJiaa ara fiimad baginning on ttia first paga with a printad or Iliustratad Impraa- sion. and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illuatratad Impraaaion. Tha last racordad frama on aach microfieha shall contain tha symbol -n^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol V (maaning "END"), whichavar appiias. Laa axamplairaa originaux dont la oouvartura an papiar ant imprim^a sont filmis an commanqant par la pramiar plat at mn tarminant soit par la damlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraasion ou d'lilustration, soit par la sacond plat, salon la caa. Tous laa autras axamplairaa originaux sont filmte an commandant par la prami4ra paga qui comporta una amprainta dimpraaaion ou d'illuatration at mn tarminant par l« damlAra paga qui comporta una taila amprainta. Un daa symbolaa suivants apparaltra sur la damiAra imaga da chaqua microfieha. salon la caa: la symbols <-*• signifia "A SUIVRE". la symbols V signifia 'FIN '. Mapa. plataa. charts, ate., mpy ba fiimad at diffarant raduetion ratioa. Thoaa too larga to ba antiraly ineludad In ona axposura ara fiimad baginning in tha uppar iaft hand comar. laft to right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following dicgrama illustrata tha mathod: Laa cartaa. pianehea. tablaaux. ate., pauvant Atra filmte i daa taux da rMuetion di^Arants. Loraqua la doeumant aat trop grand pour itn raproduit an un saul cliche. 11 est filmd i partir da I'angia supMaur gaueha. da gaucha i droita. at dm haut an baa. an pranant la nombra d'Imagaa nieasssira. Laa diagrammas suivants iilustrant la m^hoda. rrata o lelure, 3 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 DOMINION OF CANADA. THE EASTERN TOWNSHIPS, INFORB/CATION FOR INTENDING EMIGRANTS. PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. OTTAWA. 187©. 4 ^ J MAD nr -rue: paqtcdm -rrwAtK PROVINCE OF QUBBfC, CANADA. ErACTrDM -rrk\A/Kiei_i I ne VINCE OF QUEBEC, CANADA. i ' i^Af'*r.' j.rmz&.-^i^K'^'*^' I TH in: DOMINION OF CANADA. THE EASTERN TOWNSHIPS. INFORMATION FOR INTENDING EMIGRANTS. ' PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. OTTAWA. 1879. t t \ J « Ul Z ee < u. z < tii < z QQ < » u H < H u. o 111 u. g Ij ^ Ul X « so h n Z E* ^ 1 (0 Ul o > 111 111 ce X 1- DOMINION OF CANADA. THE EASTERN TOWNSHIPS. The Eaatem Townships comprise that portion «f /j- f-;^^^ Ouebec south of the River St. I^wrence, and adjoining the trontier of the Un ted St^t-, as marked on the map attached to this pa-phlo • A glance at this map will show the relations of the Townships « ^he c ties o Montreal and Quebec, and to the River St. Lawrence, the g.eat water communication of the Dominion. . -a^ ^f +>io .JL hL» of Climate and Produc.ion., Soil, '^^r^'^'^^'^'^ Markets, and general .uitablity lor Immigrant. Irom tl.e Umted Kmgdom. I CLIMWE AND PRODUCTIONS. A. rewect. mildnesi, of climate, the B«»lem Township, are mors eavoXTtnated than an. other ^fX^rll^^^l rnirpr:r;hr„rt;r::::tifonr:ni::-'™,' e„„diti„n .v-e^n rumrn7.ufficient heat to ripen In.lian Com and Tomatoes. Crapes ^y abimdaiice. In winter, the climate is generally colder than that of the United King- dom ; but the cold is accompanied by a drier and brighter atmosphere j which causes a much less disagreable feeling of cold than a warmer tem- perature accompanied by dampness ; and it is an undoubted fact that peopl© suffer much less from this drier cold in Canada, than they do in England. During the winter, too, the snow which falls remains on the ground ; and, packing under foot, forms a smooth road, which is very favourable for the operations of teaming and lumbering. This is an advantage peculiar to the country, as even in the nevve'' settled localities, before there has been time to make very perfect roads, the snow road offers facilities which are not exceeded, and in truth not equalled, by the best macadamised roads of the United Kingdom. In short, both in summer and winter, the climate of the Eastern Townships is very pleasant and healthy ; and settlers from the United Kingdom when they become accustomed to it, very greatly prefer it to the more humid and cloutly conditions which they have left behind. 11. SOIL AND FEATURES. The soil of the Eastern Townships is very fertile and susceptible of the highest degree of cultivation. The features of the country are rolling, having the appearance when viewed from an elevation, of an upheaval of immense waves suddenly stilled ; and these slopes and valleys, before they were cleared, were covered with a luxuriant growth of those kinds of forest which, in America, are known as a sign of naturally drained soi^ and great fertility. There are many kinds of wood found in the Eastern Townships forests. Among these the following may be enumerat- ed : Maple, hard and soft, Birch, Elm, Ash, Spruce, Bass Wood, Butternut, Hickory, Cedar, &c. It is also to be noticed that contiguous to these woods are numerous water powers which may be utilized in manufactures. The country is literally intersected with streams and rivulets : the waters of which are clear and cold, and the home of the red trout. There are also numerous lakes of very gi'eat natuial beauty ; and one of them, Lake Memphremagog, compares with, if it does not exceed, lx)ch Lomond, in loveliness of scenery. These lakes, as well as streams, are rich in valuable fish. In a word, for natural beauty of landscape the Eastern Townships may compare with any par. of the world. III. SE'rrLEMENT ON WILD LANDS AND PUKCIIASING IMPROVED FARMS. ITie settler in the Eastern Townships has the choice between taking up wild or forest lands ; or if he has means, acquiring an improved farm. No better idea can be presented of the kind of life before the settler on forest lands, than is contamed in three illustrations published in thia ^ I SQ H I 1 4 4 pamphlet, giving three phases of a settler's life. No. 1, correctly represents the " shanty in the bush ; " that is the first log house the settlor makes upon his first clearing. No. 2, represents the state of things in ** If) years after ; " and No. 3, is a representation of the way in which matters would stand at the end of " 30 years." The settler in the forest should have means to live over one year, until his first crop comes in. He must be prepared for a great deal of hard work. But in the words of the Earl of Dufferin, late Governor-General, he will find this toil sweetened by the reflection that he owns no master, and that he is constantly improving his own estate. There are hundreds and thousands of men all over the country, who hi'jj;an in poverty in such a scene as is represented in view. No. 1, who have risen to independence, and educated and comfortably settled their families. Improved farms may be bought in many parts of the Townships at very moderate prices by tenant farmery from the United Kingdom who have a little capital, and it is this class specially that is invited to settle in the Eastern Town; ocpts — from 2a. 4^d. to Ss. stg per i.cre, on condition of settlement 6 ably Jorl^od anVL 'T ^"""'''.'^"'^ '" «^"- l"-'itio« it h,«, b.-en profit- v.:L-.on '.,1:^0 eopIV^iL^^^^^^ development. There are IV. OOMMUmcATKlNS AND MAUKETS valual.Ie tract of countrv for ««fn. ;'"'"';"^«' OP™^'' up a lai'se and t^..' ports Of St. .,ohn and St. Andrew^ in NewZf J ^ 3^: j"^ ^^ shortest, possible line between Montreal and the AtlanU H;a,"ol " ^ f ''; Lawrenoe and Lake Ohamplain liailw.v : the Mo, tre^ ZtP ,' Boston Railway; and the Massawippi Valley Kailway s ve, .1 '" other portions of the .Wnship. ile parts of^eZ;;;;^^ ^T^^ ..everal railways may be see.L by a stndy of the map ^ "^'^ It Will further b^ seen that these connections open for the Town .h" I I'. i.ni.oHe factories are very numerous in tho 'Pr.,.,^ i • , . •iheese turned out \Uc<^ fi.^ u ,, ■ """ ■ ™"« '" *"« 'ownships, and tlie I .1 '";"''^' o"t. like the butter, is remarkable for «ood ouilitv ff • Don.inion and the l^ it d K^ ''' "T ^^'"S^^P^-^ "P »>etween the .... -;....outtt^r:i;;^i.^ ---;-- -- r - n. oompton, some of the finest stock in the whole wod^^ be «! 3 = K! H H 9$ H m S = n > . w - ao n r 2 Choice animals from thi« farm have exoiterl admiration and brought very Ingh pnce« even m England. Br.e.iing f^m the very finest animulH that the patlTrn^'''"'"' "' ^'^'""'^' """"'' '" ^'''"^'''^' '° '"*^*' "»l""^«'l Kheep do well in the TownshipH, and the opc.ning of the new Export 'irade referred to will p«,bably increase the prolit. from keeping them^an make them more numerous than in the pant. 'i^l'fre are some manunu-tures of importance in the Townships, particu- htrly of Woollens; and there are numerous local factori<.. of door , ,s J.oh carnages, n-on ware and agricultural ia.plements, intend.,! for tl e mo"' .Cd";; ' th V r '^- '' r' '^ ■^^^^■""■^ "-"^--'^ ^ere that the voo,ls ot the lownslnps are adapted for «ev,.,.al manufactures, .u<,h as furmture carnages, Ac. Orders have been s...t to Townships' fo light carnages or Australia, from the favourable impression the specimens lent to the Sydney Exhibition prothiced. i>'^tnntns sent V. GE:.'EIiAL SUITABILITY FOR IMMKiRANTS KHOAI THE UNITED KINGDOM. Tl.e Eastern Townships were originally s.-ttle.l by United Empire Ix^yahsts who left the present United St^ttes at the time of ti.eir sepa io,! Irom Englan<^ and who ma - ^^^ - ^^^« ^— syn.pathies\.nd As respects e.lucation, every man who comes will find ample and verv «ideraSr^'. '' '^" ^''^"''* '""" '" "" Townships and is a place of con- «Klerabk importance, containing many handsome buildings and resi.Iences Flounshmg and well to do villages may be foun. throughout every par of tnis portion of the Province of Quebec. ^ ^ On the shores of Lake Memphremagog and So in other parts of the H TowT.,hi,m may ho foun.l handsomo roHidonoo« h,.ilt in sitt,atinn« of unox a,„plc..l natuml l..^uty, i„ a hri«l,t an-i nunny atn.ospl.oro, a„,| this in a l>art,.-.ular u, winol, tho Eastorn TownshipM may be with a.lvantag. p.-oHcnt- 0.1 to mon who havo a.-iuir-Hl moans hy commorro in tl,o Mother Country (.ttlement. VI. HOW TO OET TirERE. Tf.e intending Emigrant from Great Britain should consult with an agent of one of the Steam Lines plying to Quebec, and make with him a. arrar,gen.ent for the passage. Those who desire t. conu, on the cheapest poss.ble^ terms by the steerage, can obtain Passenger Wa.rants at the raU of £4.1.> stg. per a.lult, the or.linaiy steerage fare being £(>M. The holder of tb.s Warrant will be in every r.>,pcx.t placed in as favourable a position as other onhnary steerage passengers. The prices of cabin passengers are of course higher. But all information on tlm hemi will be best obtaine