IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^^^ t/. / / :A [/. r^O & A 1.0 I.I 1.25 1^ 1 28 1 2.5 '.^"ii E2.2 ^ lU r •- ii!M m 14 1 1.6 ■7] <^ /i % y^ / / Photographic Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTEB. NY 14580 (716) 872-4503 <^ ^^\-^ «-^ « \ ?c if I 7 f CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 1987 Tachnical and Bibliographic Notas/Notaa tachniquaa at bibliogreohiquaa Tha Instituta has attamptad to obtain tha bast original copy availabia for filming. Faaturas of this copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua. which may altar any of tha imagas in tha raproduction. or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. 0? 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E Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppl^mentaires: L'Institut a microfilm* le meilleur exemplaire qu il lui a «t« possible d« se procurer t «• details de cat exemplaire qui sont peut itre uniques du point de vue bibliographique. cjui peuvant modifier un« image reproduitM. ou qui peuvent eaiger une modification dans la mAthoola normale de filmage sont indiquAs cidessous □ Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur I I Pages damaged/ L—J Pages endommagees □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaur^es et/ou pellicul^es r~7 Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ \l/-1 Pages dAcolorAes, t&chetAes ou piquAes □ Pages oatachod/ Pages dAtacheos EShowthrough/ Transparence □ Quality of print varies/ Quality in^gala de I'imt n^gala de I'impression supplementary materia Comprend du material supplementaire Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible I I Includes supplementary material/ r~~| Only edition available/ D Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Lea pages totalemenr ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuiltet d'errata. une pelure. etc.. ont *t6 filmies i nouveau de facon a obtenir la meilleure image possible. Pagination u follows : 21 - 39 p. This itsm Is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux de reduction indiqu* cidessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X c iT-rt 30X ■'2X 16X 20X s/' 24X 28X D 32X Th« copy filmed h«r« has b««n r«produc*d thanks to tha ganarosity of: Douglas Library Quaan's Univarsity Tha imagaa sppaaring hara mn tha bast quality possibia considaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and In kaaping with tha fiilming contract spacifications. Original copias in printad papar covars ara fllmad beginning with tha front covar and anding on tha !ast paga with a printad or lllustratad Impras- sion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original copias ara fllmad baglnning on tha first paga with a printad or lllustratad Impras- sion, and anding on tha last pag« with a printad or lllustratad imprasslon. The last racordad frama on aach microflcha shall contain tha symbol — «»■ (maaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol V (maaning "END"), whichavar applias. Maps, platas. charts, ate, may ba filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left tc right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: L'exemplaire fllm4 fut reprodult grice A la g^nArositA da; Douglas Library Queen's University Lee images suivantea ont *t« reprodultes avac la plus grand aoin. compta tenu de le condition et da le nettet* de l'exemplaire film*, et en conformity avac lea conditions du contrat da filmage. Lee exemplairee originaux dont la couverture en papier est ImprimAe sont filmte en commenpant par le premier plat et en termlnant soit par la darni*re paga qui comporte une empreinte d'impreesion ou d'lllustration, soit par le second plat, salon la cas. Tous lee autree exemplairee originaux sont filmte en commen^ant par la pramlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impreesion ou d'lllustration et en termlnant par la darnlAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un dee symboles suivants apparaftra sur la darnlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le ces: le symbols -'^- signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartas, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent #tre filmte A des taux de reduction diff«rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atra reprodult en un seul clich«. II est film* A partlr da Tangle sup«rieur gauche, de gauche i droite. et de haut en bas. an pronant le nombre d'imagas nicessaira. Las diagrammes suivants illustrant l« mAthode. 12 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 w- Sbction 11., 1»«8. Tbanh. Udyai, iitH\ t'AN, THE BASQUES IN NORTH AMERICA JOHN READE FROM THK TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA VOLUME VI SECTION II, 1888 MONTREAL DAWSON BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS 1889 I #1 Mmm. 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I'arlv . ..l.uii-i- "I N"\v I'laiire W'T'- iiiaiiiU li.iiii .Niiniiaihlv. r.'i.li.'. \iiiii-. i'.'iidit, ilnil.iiiy ami S.iiiii.ni'^'.' 'I'll" ma- iil ili.'iii '■ "I.' 11.1111 11. mil "I ill'' I-"i" It 111'' -'!'"■ pi'"\ 111' ''^ liiiiii^li'''! '"ly •'! iiii' ''"•>■ W'.'l'.' ''.Ml' ::i''ly l''\v '111'' I'm-i|I..' -.ill"l- ali'l li.-lli'Mri'Il 'H),— 'il ill.' .\llalll|.', Iml a- .■oloiiists. hut lis irailiTs. Th' ir auilni i.ui \\a- I" iiiaU'' .i Illll'' l.iriiui'' ..ml r''iiini limm' t.i tlii'ir "Wii laml W Ih'Ii i1i''V iIhI .'iiiiLTat'', il \va> mn !■. <'.iiia(la Iml l" M''Xi"i ami l« Soiltli ,\iii.ri.a ih.il ili''\ 'hri'.l.il Ih.'ir ii.ili-.' 1 1. 1 li-T''!"!''. il a. i'.' jii'.v ''d lirymul ally Mi-pi' Kill "I ildiilii iliai ih" l!a-.|ii.- hail "1.1,1 .1 .1 kii' lu l'''!::'" "I III" muili.Tii iH.rin.ii ,,l' Aiii.TJ, a ''\.'ii li'liii'.' ill.' mil'' (ll ('.iliiiiiliii-, "III- iiii.'i.'-t 111 ilh'iu wiiiihl mit s(. iiuu'ii li,. II, thai la. 1, will, h 111- Illll Illll a iiilliii'^ iiillu.'ii"' mi "iir nat .mial .'Voluliuu, a.'« 111 I ' IlisloiiviU' 111 Colonic Krai.vaist' I'll Cima.la, i. I. U..|ali..ii- .l'-- l.'-nili- I'i-ii. |.. i ' Tliiil »lia'. till' Ha.»i|iie fiBhiTiin'ii ami ..iI..t- «1ii. Miil.-.! litis ...iitiiioiil in . ..iii|.aral.v'.|> i..,'nl inn.'.s f.'Mii.l ..i-asy ata.sk, wiiM ciually prai'liraMi- in ui-vm iimrii ri'iimto, \>M lH>en di-arly Li. u-lil . nl L) Su liquid W li-.i, in lii« paiitT i.ii "Tlic 1.1.-1 .\llantin." in llic TraMijii''tiiinii ..f Hit' liuyal S.,.ietv .1 i ana. la l-r l-'ii. iin il,c -,iiii. siil.ji'i't may l.,-.'..ii.,iiill.''l Wil.vm's l'rv'liii.(nri.' Man, ii. .'Iiai».. lli,-J2 A --M; lliiml...l.ll - K..1111..1. ii. '.i l-i.li'; ILii,. i.li- NaliM, l;a..- .il III.' I'aiitii- Stall's, v. lUl.'-r.".i; Tin- N.'rili Aincriian.s "1 .\nti.|iiily. !.> l.'lin I'. >lii.ri, .'L.ti.. in; lli-t..ni'- il,.- i.r.inl- \i.ya>.'e-, liy .luli'tt Vi-riu', i. l-l.')ii, I'liapH. i-vi ; I.es N'.riiiaii.l.s -nr l:i l;..i.l • .!.- Ii..! -, li> i;aliri.'l iir:,\;.i ; Kaln'.i Autiiiuitati's Aniprii'aiiM'. ami I'KSay.s l.y .M,-s.-i.ur- i: IVauv.'w. I'aul C Ulan. I, l/i. iaii.' I ,.r'l,'ii... .'I.'., .ill !li.' V'l.yairiwiif tlie Pliii'iiifiaii-. Cartlnwiiiians, (iriH'ks, li..iiiaii-, \\>l-li, Irisli, N. itlniieii, IViriii- ;:u,-. , 'I.', ill iiii-r i.ii---lieiulii8 iif the Conxri'S lit- Aiin5rii'auistes, etc. ' liiiiili'iia.' Iia.l l'.a-.|iu' M..."! in lii-s M'iiis. £4 l!l \l'l M\ i;,\>.;l yj* ..■rt.un ,...,Mhili.i..«whi.h 11 MUB-U. WI..M . ..n.i.l.r. .1 i., . ..,.,.■. 1 1..„ u.H. il.. i...ul,.r siru III Miioii to Ih.' HuMiu.- Un«u.iir.' mul m.ih.> Am.ri. nn laniili. - "I >i..i-ih ■ ! niii.i II..I in.Mii,... 111.— ;imMli.'!iinuliiiir li>»uuiur.-v' writ.". Dr Fnrmr. " wiili-ui ...llniU s„m ul»..,ui..„ to III.. r...t iha. ..I... ..Ilh.. s.TV !-.-w i...|m..,J Imi^UHire* -l i; ..-i.. ..xhii.iu. Kiniipr.' to My. th.- only ■ i«-Atl«iili. in.l.in. .' ol thi. vry ih. uli.ir -iru. inr. It in 111- K-kiirt. or lli.«.|'" M"-^''« "' '•"• *'«"''V- "• ''"• J'yr'"'-''"- "" '•"• ''""''•'* "' 'f""" ■ uiwl S,n.in M, ;,u .inKl.M.li:,.. Il.iv -.1 1J,«. uy. Th- .■.l.m.|o«„ .il u.i.l luiifui.t.. allimii.-. of Ihi^luiitfuiitf-. thouith r.'p.'ut.-aiy iii.iuir...l iiim. hav.- lu'vr y.i 1.. • t. - .t.^hutorily i4».,.r- 1 ,11,., I It, .•xi««.'ii.'.< th.'r.' r.'inuiii-. .U |.r iii nn in-liiM.. iirot.l.iu I.mi uh.t is -^tin al..uii II i-thit ifuHlru.tiir.' in |«.ly«ynth.'tir. lik- th.- luiiuiM'^'" «•!' Vm-ri' • 1 1" '■'-"'• .l.riii-.' ol ,11 111.- livi.<.ili.«.H wl.i.li hav- Ihm.u HUir«.'»t"a, |H.inU to iJio i».iliiy of tli.' ' i;«.-..|n.' «r.-u L-inir tl.. n ... .in> ..f ,, V ,,s| M -t. in ,.r u hi. 1. M:..l.-ii;. an.l tlw A/or.-n iir- Ir.itfiii.-niH, l..-|..nirintf t.. tli- Mi- ■•..• I„.,„.,r i;. ihi- .,> II i„,v til.' r.i.i i« iii.li.i.nti.M.' an.l !« .iiun.'nlly iiot.-w..nln UmI. ,, 1,,1„ h,. all,,,, 11.- Ml III. i;,-|><"TooUhav.'ii.'V.'r» ii .•oii.-luMV.-ly .-lu. i.liit.Ml, ili.r.' Imn ,„.,,.,■ I I, ,,i, .L.ul.i i!,:: i'n> i^.,.!,!!.-.! I ui-UMir.'. i.r-'i.Tviii': itn iil'iitiiv in :. \v-t.'rn ,,,:„,., ,,t i;,ii,.i,. Iniu.ui lu.. mi-.'hl: kiiii:.l..iiis r.-.^ml'l. •■ m i'> •-'r.ii.ii.ii.ii. ul >ini. nu- ll,,.,,! -inii l.,M-uiii.'..> ol ih.' va.«l ..pp-oit iiih.iii n,.l ill—' .il"ii>'' " l',,,t \\ |i \\ 1,11 n.y writ.'*, on tlie. Mini.- *ul..i.-.t ; ' IM-i" !• imm'-; Hi- Ki-I'tii ('..n- i,i„.|,i \s,. ,„u-i ...iim. to Knrop.. |,.r a \v,.r.l ..rivv-. npo„ i ,i.-il,-.- v^l^. I. hi- •'' n''I ,„„„.l ,„, ,,!;„,. |,„,„,M,..-ll..-r..,-,|U,-. n..vs M-k.n II. |,.,.ri„i.,.ii..Mi:,l... 1-111.1:, „uimI..t .,r r \.,.i.li.-. Ill , Nvrv limii.,l ii...u>i>:.iH 'li~'ii.i -I il, .^1.. ,.! tl..' i^,^ ..lUi- ..v, ,M,,.l,ll,..ln.HU,r 1,11. .l,|.('v..„il,..>i,,, 1,1-1. -hi- .. I- t.li.^-it.. 1... ll...|..M,|..,„ r.p- ,„„,„.,,^,.„l ,1... ,„.,.|,. Il,.ri„...,.,.l 1.. Ill^.■ l.'lM|,--a 1.. 111.' "I'l'T p.pul.itlMn ..|,l„. l-„Mn.-..l;,. ImI..;.- It.,. nMipi...,, ..111,.- ln.|,,.i:>|. ..p mi. < '..li- Ti . - ■.! l> :.l iinii...... L.t.ir,. .l.„u ,1 l..lM^.•..■.up^.l :.!-., :.l I- -I ll. uiIlm. p.vl ..1 i'lm... Yh'' I'-.-.p.- »>i'V ||„.|, |„. Ih- -il,' -.PMMI..J r.h. ;,l|,l Ullll.-- Ml ;,|, :,|M„l.^ni.ll u.-l.Ti. i'ill P >p.Mll |M.pilhi- l„,„. ,],.,, 1 \,^ It,., iiiliu-iv I||.1m-I;,i, ,p ,11 III!.- il -MH'N ■•i>nr..iv ;,1mi„v .... U„„l,-,.,1 l,.,Mir.: ^.■l I. i 1mmii.1 Im, ii .,. .,i,v pm m| ,1„. a.-iM. li i- m| ,i, ,.x:i--,T.i,-lly M--i.UiM.-,in.- up- 111 Mip.. 1,111, ■■■ 11,1.. I'- \.rl. :i v.in"U "I vl^m...,- uln,-h aiv ;,imoM ..vrvwliMv .■)-,■ .-xpr.-.-l I. \ 111.1. •p.|..l.|ii n..r.l- 11,. ■ 1', ,-,pi ■ iMrm- ., -uituM" -i.'l-l-'"'-- sl,,,,.'. li,,i,. ul.l. !i l.,..l.l..i- ll... p... illlar hir^Ul-M. ,l..,il,,iii m| tl... \,.vv \V...-M. -in .■ th'T' ,. ,„, ,„1|,., ,li.,l... I Ml ll,.. (ll.l \V...1.1 win ll -.. mil. h i. — iiil.l.- Ill -ini. lui- il..' \ iilm i.;ill h.ii'^UMi:..- ■■■n,.. i:,,,.^,,:..^,. ..I ll... ll...ii,,n- -.,v- M li'ii.. .-.'.'. ^\l.l.ll^^ I li-m-'l v.'s w;.-.;ill..d !•:-. ;ii:i Ml I'liis, ,,r;i, hi- l...'!! ll... -i.hi.-. I ,.| . UI1..11- .'.-.Mr. Il- ll -•'•in- !■> I,.. ..■il:iin tl.:U ,1 ,1„1 UMi ,lili,.r.--,.nM,,llv lr..ii. th,. lia.-iu... uhi. h 1- -Mil -pMk..|i on l,Mih -i,l.-o, :1... I'yrrii..- • A.ji.ii. ih.. -nil.. ..uiliMi \vrit..>: '• 'I'l... lo.iiaii-. ■> v u^u■^r^ m1 wh.'iii -ur- viv,- 111 ih.. Ha-iu.. pMpulaii.Mi. a'-.. pn.h.hU ll... 11...-! .M.. i...ii P •opl'^ m i'lurop.'. Th-y s,.,.,,. i..l.:a.. (....•ll ,1... \an._nian! ol ihal -r.-at „.|.^i.,M..u u hi- h Ir'.in ll'" hi'.^hlaii.l- ol ,a.l...l th..W,-l ill -11 IV.' wa'-.'s r.\ uhal r,.iil.- ih.'V .am.. \\.' 'h> iiMl kiDW ; A>ia lli\ ; but th.'V rMv.ivil w 111. ili..|r 1 1 1 I,.., ll... -.,uil, ..I Ci ml a- I'll- a- ill.. Car....!!.', p-ihap- ..v.-u '• Families of Speocli " in I-aiiiruay.. ;u..i Laii- iul'i' .. I'l'. :W»7, 398. l.if.. ;t,id r.rowtl. of Un-iiane, pi., 25S, S^'X fM;uv .1.' la I.itt.-rutnr,- 1 r.in...ii-.., p. l'.'. IN \"l(l II AMI l(l! \ to ih- I^iin- . n irr>'i»t |)ortinn of Spmn. in whw li ili-^ ifuv lhln' ii.^iiirii- t'l till' Umthii-" .i r.ii'.'i- ,iliiii>»< •'<|il^tl lo t li;il ^i > i-ii III N| |i. 111. Lfi'i.i 1 .••.iiiiinl.' Til. II.. riiiii I \ I" 1m-».i\« li 1.. Ii.-. II «lr..|iL'l\ llii|iriiili'il .III ili>. |...|viiliili..ii' "1 «<.i4i li.rii (i.iui iml In ilii« ilii\ 111. jM ii|i|.- Ill l,.iiii;ii. ilm ri-^fiiililrt till' I'r.'ii' li mil' li |. N« llnili tli . :. •" lillil.' ill. I 'il ,i|;iii , l'r..l (i I i. tl.iii.l. Ill Ills ,irl:. I.- ..|i I In- iln-iiM. - .imi I in- ii.. ri.iii> :ii (im. i..r « .ii. y<-lo- l.jiijl. Ai.rk nil li". .infill' .• j.hiliili.'.'v liiki". jir.i. li. ally lli.' -aiii.' ww r.'ifanlliii^ i Iik l(ikM|Ui'N a» ill.- I iililliaruin . Iv pur.- |.'M.lialit at tlh' iiln lilil liilialillalll • nl llli- IImTIiiII l»' II I loll la Ilia II V III' vvliii>.' . hura. I. I iili' ^ li. l»-li.'\ ••» ha\ .• I ti iiili.i H. .1 l.v lli.' iii..il.iii Sp illlanU I'iii' pii|'ular . ii>l..liis i.l lli.- r.i-.|U.". iiri' IIium- "I lll>' llMriaii> a« il.'..»i rili.'ii hy till' . l.i.sMi al \\ rit.'r> III tir ami W"Ui.' 'r.i|iii./i iplii. a! iiaiii.'> pnix >' ill il tli.'V oi . tipi«'t imlv Spam. Iiiil v.iilli-w.'vlirii I'ra ami 111.' dial.'. I nt l In' ( las, ,,ii< li.arN Ira. .'>• d ill.' iiilhi.'ii I lli.'ir lin..'ii^. '.'.', I -I"' iillv 111 iitfi'imiir ili.' miiiihIi i.I /ami r In liin-. I'riil (ii'ilam! InnkN llpmi IIh' liaMiili^ a> Mmply l>i'liluiil/i't lliililn.' ami ill.' II.\ I^aa. Ta\liii I'lii^la-I aill Imr \\ rid'- a> li>ilii\v « nl I lu' I ra. I'n oT till. Ilu'IlMll -Ini k III llli' l!rill>ll Maiiil- I'll.' I lllllnliil.'1-l Lailllv hlllt llli's tin- oliort- "hitnri'il. liiirk • y«', as thi\ ar.- . all.'il, . r.is'<.'..in.' lainl Ira..'- ol a 'ruiaiiiaii. il lint an ll>"ri.' [xiprilatinii, are |ii.r. I'ptihh' ill till' iiaiiii's III I'lirvpt. mir;h-\Vi'-i.'ni \ Iii. a ami Si. liy " ' Till' IcstiniDiiy thus suppln-d liy tin- iiann's ni pla. rs li is (i.'.'ii . onlirimil l>y ih.' phys- i. al . liara. t.risti. M ni a JavL'.' pnitmii n| ih.' p..piililinn n| Wi'.sti'rn Ivii-npt' 1 iitil of lati' vi'ars ", urit.'s jlr li.'ddn. , ' alimisi all \vi' had tn •«hn\v tor niir hi'lii'l in tin' I'xisti.mn ol an lliiriaii snhstratiim in niir pn|iiilatiiin witi' ihr . nii|i', tiir.' i>{' Taiitils ri"-pi'rlinir the Silur.'s ; ihi' li'iiLrlh III In'ad in tin- lniii,'-l)arrn\v |..'iipl.' ami sntin' ntlnT in'iiiithir mi'ii ; till' ii'si .iihlaiiri' li.'tw.'i'ii t!i.' Wil-h .av.-iii.'H and Husk's ( iihraliar skulls and tin' sup- posi'(i (jri-atiT IVi'ijUi'ii. A nl dark li ur I'sp.'. lally in ih.' Wi'st. than loiild ntln-rwisi' he wt'U a. I niinli'd for. I Imp.' t.i \><- ahh-. in a iat.r pnrtimi ni iliis Ixmk, i niisidi'rahly to di'liii.' and strriiifth.-ii th.' .Nid.-mi' of phvsi.al . harartiristn .s ' Thi' i'\ idciirf in (lUrslinii irivi'li in tahhs and rharts. ihf ri'--ull nl a.liial piTsniial I'xaniinalion, is most important, and I'Xtn'iin'ly intiTi'-tinir- iM li.ildo.' Inuiid dark I'^i's and hair, ih.' latti-r nfti'ii I iirlv, vi'ry fri'ipi nl within ih.' limits nt Siliiria Hi- alsn louiid dark • oinpli'Xions lli»l. .!« la latt. I'raiiv- . I' I '■ '' I.*- ' i.iiil..is : .N..s Ai.-iix, |.. :;ii. ' (iriiiiilri.sB iliT K.iiiiaiiimli.'ii l'liil.il..i:it', \"I i. ' W'tI^. un.l I'Uii'eH, jip. l"iS-li;ii. ■ Tlie Uuna of Britain : a t '.iiiliil.iiti..ii i.i llu- Kll.ii.il.'i-'.v ..f UV.sttTii Kiimi* ii|.. .' ■, Ji.. .Sec. 11, l.S8«. 1. in \i.r oN w.KMif s ■V uii ..ep :.'■ r .■; L* I l>,... .n lnt...l ....,1 .^^^ 1 .....I '•-■ "" - "' ■''•—- '" ^'l;- '" ' — ^ ' «M,1 I.....M u, lpp..f0.n,m.y.Mtr.ih«v,... -.,.1 ML n.1.1.. .l.rk •>.•.. M-k. l....r .•.*. ..tt.-. ,„... «,.h I. «... n. S.u.h NV«1... I...^..•^.r. -I.M l.l. • nn- - --k.nuK |I..t..u. -r II I \ , I > IK""' lt;l»l|<>'' I*"'' lU-iu. hk.'. w.r. IM..,| ...miiioiiU ..t.-rvtl A •■■'"i , i , i South \\al.M-l> -Mvl.-'""!' .. .|.-.»rih«tlli..Mlt..r.w.T...»lil..-...m.tM.. I" Ir-L.-I Kr I....I.I.M. I I .i ..r.! I.r,. .1 .lurk h-ir. -...». »« ". • ur. nuvvlwr.- .!».■ ... Ih. Hr.f.l, M. . II.. ..No i..... ... p.r.. ot Ir. I :.n.l .;.• • ........ -.1 .. Iv,.. ...11 .....r- itiluHn.' .h.u. ,h.. il,.r,. ..I !»..>.• NV1...1. M. II..-. M I..M, ..I.r,..l ..1......UI «..l.lh.. ("ro M.iuii.iii r.i. ... I. il" .111. .11 III Sf.!.!! ■11... ,,1..„ ,.l i.i l;..|.l... . I k ...A. I'.hlh...!. l...,....|.|r..m .> ■ I-" "" l-^ «»'" vvuul.llMV.. .i.l..r ..I-I...I.. .......I.. ...u,li...Mn..,i..l .1.. ra... ,,r..l.l..... m '"" ,.Uvav,,l.«...v...l.l..n. vv.ik. ..I.il.i...l....'^ II'" ..Iin...«..rll..i..... 'H... iiull.or l..«l.l...-. ..„iy.,.,l.„. «l...l. u.li. n.ui.ll ^^... ...'i -I" ^'■"V-t l"' '""^ l....rv,U...„ .- . v..r..,.l.l.. n,.....i ^. ...... .. I. .•■ -...' unsN ..rlhs ..I .... ..-..>:., n. .Mu-.^uvj tin, >.•■ f.-... -I II... l{..y..l >......lv ..I ••......1. .1... Dr 11...I.1 1...A. Nv.ll. II... ..t...'-l r.'i.-.t ,.l th- r..s...r, h... ..I ....r ...I........-1 ...11....1.U.. iT l.,..,..l W.!--. wl...-. rnhi-t.-r,, An....l« ..( S..ntb„..l vv..,u„.. ..ni......o^lM.......lul..l th. i..........r ..Hor.- t- l-t in i.«t.l u;-.. th- ,l:.rki.- ul... ti .-hrou.!..! 1 1... . ll.ii..l..'-'\ "111..' HnH-l. M'- Tl... imsv.tf.., .il..l..r>..t..rt..l t.. uill ..'.v .. ..'......ful ...it..... of tl... ..tf.i.li. .i... -■ «i.l..ry. ii« far us it .> kiw-wn, u...l oi ll... a.t.ial L'. .-^r.i.l.y, |...l...la.i.... .....1 ■ .....l.ti.-n "I th.. U..M,u- i.r..vi»....M n. Kr.m. « an.l Spain What ar.. kiK-uii ... S|.;.iii :i~ ili.. l'r..Mii. la- Va*. ..uirii.la« ' iif.' ihr-.' It. iim..lH'r ' Vl/. iiy;i(..r IS.s. avi, f ;...'. il/. ..a a. id .\la\a TI... i.rnl.rv .-. . tipi-l \>\ ih-m ..- it. t'l. form '»{:: iriaiM^i..' ho.....i..l .... ll... ii..rlh l-v th. I!..v ..f Hi- av, .... th.- m.ui! t.y S,.na, ...i ,1 St I.V Navai: . an.l i-irl ..1 F.ai.... aiwl !..• vv.'^t l.y Saiita...|.T al.d l;..ri;..> Th- Kr.Mi. h lliiN.in.. i-i Ul..— iiilii.l.' il>" arn.n.li^umexli >A \\.,y>niu- an.l Maul.-.m uml part of (Huron Holh . Spam an.l Iran. .. th.' l!i-|U.. lanuruair.- in .sp<.k..t. l.-yond th.- -im- i.ili..(l liniilN-th.. wh.il.. nun.!..... ..I p..r>on> n in'.' it iM.mir. a. . ..r.li...,' t.. I'rin...- I- L Hollapait... aho.il ^»'> K ..I \vh..in '.'■..i. mav !..■ asMirn.-.l I.. Spam ami th.. r..tnrtin.l-r to Fran..... Th.'P. ar.. aUo r.aM|ii.-sp..akm'.' . ..mmimiti..s m M.'xi. .., I'ara..Muiy. .iml th.- Ar-.-ntin.- U.^puhli. Th.. . hi-f M.ap..rt. .,f .)■. F..... h liaM,ii..> ar.. Ilayoiin... St. .loan <1.- Luz liiarritz (aU.. a laiiLius h..alth aii.l pl-'aMir- r..v,,rtl, < ini'tiiry an.lCil.nur.v On th.' fJpanish si.l... l.-.i..nt..rralM... Ir..i.i U^ pi. liir-.s,,,,.. hill ..v..rl..<.k> ll... Fr...!. h fr.,nti..r. l-oilowmiT th.....a>t %v..>tuar.l ..n.. r..a. h..^ IVair..v .!..• .uy..t St S..l.a>tmn-..m.- th.- ,.,.ntr.. ..f th.. whal.. Iivh..vy.- Zaraus. (im i.n-.a. m a . I..|> ot r." k.s .h,.lt..r..l .■o-lf.lial...s, Lar..!.., Santona, Santaml-T, San Vi.iM.t.. .l- la liar.imTa Man-.s, Kn aiL-lla, Villa\ i. io>a. ( ii.i..n. CamlaN. Luam o Th-.s.- polls, whi.h xv..r.. p..r-.nallv MMtr.l vm.-. y.^.r- aijo hy Mr. (•l,.iu..nt^ IJ Markhani, 11.. l...tvv....n th- French fr.>iiti..r> and Cal... .!.■ I'.'na.s. Th.' history of s.-in-. ..f th.n. ..xt.nds l.a.k into . lasHi.- times. Strabo devotes most of his ih.rt ' ook to ' lh..na.- a.s Sp.iin \vu.s . all.d hy th.". TX VnnTTI AMKUI' \ riT (Jr..k« l'r..iii ll.iTii. or lllir. •'.,•■ ri\.r \»iili wliili tli.v w -t.' t.. ^l «. .|iiaiiil' •! ll.- «■ W<-ll tut 111 ..li.riu Si. iiliK r. l>l.iii« \i.|il:«n 'ii.l ..III. r .iiilli.t. .N.. u-.. lli. I.rri ill-i.^i illn will li wa» lir«l .•iri|.l..>.-.l it I- t..il.-x ..l l-v ill.- i'li.iii .1 it.m lli- liuiiilhr of r»l.»Mi« i.A,i/»*i.i(iii lliiil lli.-\ ol.^.-rv.l wli. .1 iK.s I.-U..I1 1 1..I1U.' 111. ....uiliTM .li..f« of III-' I"'""""''' lli.Mloni. Ii;i- .uil|. i|.il..l ill. Iniil'. .' 11. I Ml r .ir. li >i 1 ii.-.iry l>v npi.lMiiu' 111.' I. rm ('.IlilMri.iii. 1.. lli. iiiu. .1 ii-' loriu... 1. tli.- iiiiKli "I 1 li.. Ars.iii IVli,\Mili III. ..rii.'iii.il 'iiIliIiiIuiU Hi. |l..ri.iii« .u.i lii.' <'..1i«, hi' ••>- w r- l..ii'j ..t n\ ..r . ..ii.-.riiii|.^ II..' .oiiiilr\ i.p will, ii tli. \ li.'lli li"l ■ I'll"-' '"'I ' "'V »' '«•' '»'-' ' • "M'^ It III . oiiiiii.oi ll,i\ iiitf li.'.ii l.v ml. riii...riiij.. Iu<..l\villi..l.iii'liii'i llll- ' I'.ir 'tal.|i|..||t i,illi.uil M •!!» ,„,s,.,l I ,1. lii.l.. Ill il ill. t'.-ll' .liii 11..; 'J'-f mil. Ii iiiiili.r H.iUli III III ill., "iiiroiiii.-. .iikI thii ill. ii.iiii.- I', lull, niii null il. ." .1 -"ii. r li r. ^.-lulil.iii .■ lo lli. CIm. l\|»' rulli.r lli.iii all :l. Ill.ll lllvloll lit ill., tw.i i.i. .» Til.. \ .1- oii.-« iir.. .1.. .-Ill.ll l.\ riiiiiis .■iliii..l.ii;i«'.. :!•. III.- .■iMiii.i....'i- .1' II. .-..iiir- iif III. ill |l.iM,t|i-' iimi i;.i». M I-. !.liii mil III" l.r li.isvuvpr, in in. li'i. il L. .i->.m'ii tliiit |iiiii .. |.. ill.- \ .1. . ■' I, w li'Hii l»ii..|..rii^ • li.rii i.-n/,. •. ii* :li.. tni>|«f .ivili/...! . ' ili.- ii..n.'lil..'t - III llii. I '. Ilil..-ri..ii« I'll.' root <>r tin- ;ilti.ri>ati\ ■• l.-iiii Kiiskariuii mw Im- LuiikI, |...rliri|iN III ill.. \ii-. I dill' tvanioi i.t Siraliii) Siiiiii' it til.- .jiiiiiii.s iihI . ii-.liiiii.< .itiriliut.'il III ill- lli.ri.iiiN .iinl ('.•ltil>..ri,iii«. liv Slrali'i. II111.I..111.. \|i|ii:iii. iml "llnr wrili-r^ .ifi' still 111. t w illi iiiiioii..' tli.. |l.is.|ii..s Ani.iiii; ill..*., limy II. III. nil. .III"! iln 1 oimiimi.il iiml -vsLiii lln- 1 1 w "I pi liii..'_''iiiliir.' Willi. ml i.'.Mrd lo ...-N il mploviii. Ml "I w.ini..ii III lii'lil liiti.ii , iml 1 li.' |)...iiliiir ..1 .111.111 V know 11 u> ill.. i,,i,n„l> A" I., till 1.1-' ■ ii«l.im linl.i'il M .Iiil.-s Viii-.iii. wlm m 11 riir..|no«t aulliiirit> on iill HaM|ii.' •|U.--lioii>. iliiih- llial iiiis iii.i.|..|ii Irivi'lli-r li:i> iIh. i.\ .Ti'il it in til.- l'.:i>.|ii.. priA 111. ..- Til.- oiilv II. -i- ii.r ill.. II. Ii. I 111 ii> |.xi-tiii. I' i-. Ii.' iii.iintiiin.., h |ia.«s;ii_'.. Ill Siral..., ' win. Ii lia> imt Ix'.n pro\..il ti. ri.|..r I., lli.- an. ..»ii>i-. ..I lli.- 1I.isi|II.'.m. :iii1.' ol' 11.. am. Inmi w li..".. lil.il.-. I lln' w..!.l <„iii:iili is lioiinwnl < >n ilf ..ili.r li.iiiil. I.,ilitail, in Ills laiiious triatiJ*... in . alliii'j- .iit..niioii to < .rlain sp... lal jioinN i.l r..s..|iit>Un. .• i)..tw.'..|i til. iiiaiiii.Ts of II .\v-wiirlil anil i.il.im pr..\ aihii'.: Ill I iTl am . oiniiumili.'s wlil'li .ilili::i.s lli.. Imshaml to laki' t., Ills I1...I w li.ii ill.. Ilia, lor ilii. w il.. s „.ro«//i»-;n'-«/ lias .irriv.'.l .iiul to It,, tln.n- t.-nij.-il l.\ I h.. lall.M, w nil all til.. . ar.. ii-ii lily ..jipt'iiili'il iii su, ii 1, . asioiis on lli.- iiiolhiT ol lli.. I hiiil K'lr aitlioiuli tills was a niiirioiis .iisioin, 11 was n..v..rlli..l.'ss ., v..rv p... iiliar on.- Now, I lia\.' loiiml It aiiioiiir ill., ili. Mills, win. w .-r.- I In' . arli.-si mlialiilants ol ^'spai-i anil also ainoni: th.. lirsl 0. . npaiits ..t ili.- isiaii.l ol Corsi. a. as \\,-il a- aiiimiir lln' Tilmr..i.iiins of Asia It also pifV.iils in ..111- ow 11 imi.. 111 soiii.- ..loin pn)\ in. .- Imnl. riiio- on Spain. v\ li.'i-.. ill., pro .'.-.1 III'-' Is i.riii.'d I'lirv itiiiviuli- Tin- -nil., ii-a.:" t- toiiml ainoiiLr iln' Jupaiii's.' anil anioi|._i- tin- Caiili- anil (ialiliis ol Ain.ri. a Ami as to iis siir\ ival. in ri'inot.. ili-tri.'s 111 till. l'vr..ii..aii provin. .-s. ..v.-n to tli.- pr. s.iii dav. M. Kii','.!!!' Corilii-r. lis Ihf r.suli ol p'T-iiial .ii.iiiin..s, l..arn..il iliii ,ilili..iii;li 11 lia.l la!i..n into .lis.r.'dit, it ' Etliti..l.vy oft'"' Britisli C.iloiiii'H, p. '-M. ' BiWiothera Hi«oric«, v. ;m. Mi.-curapl.i.a, iv. L', |i|.. < . l!H», I'.U. •'io.mr. lii. », (v. < . ItSJ. M.. iirs .1..... .samaj!...-. Aun'rii-aia- i-,.in|-ari-.-s anx iii" "r- .1. » |,r..ii.i..rs t..|iii>-, i, 49, Vl. 28 MMnliilllv l'r:|. Il> l.|;,,l„nM.'.l 1 i'l" i" oiit-.r-th.-W.y ln.aliti.'H. It is :: ..n,.r.llv r... i.:. :. . .yn,-.!.. r,..„. i . kn„wl,....n.-n. " .-;- ^ ,, ,.., ,i,,,,,„,„ ,, „,,„„„„ ,uM nn.. .1 .u.v 1..- ..k.n M. an .UuMrat,,.,. ol t-., .1. r,. .„ ..,' V ..Kh , ..:...„.n..^ .1... .1. u. , ,.v..rv ....... ,. ^''^ rlX^^^Z:. Tl... ,on.r,.v, , . .^ no, s., n.u. -. hk. a ,.„. In ,1 KaUl,. ... wl..,l. tw...unt,....lu.,r h . . «tm / , , „ ,, ,,. , .,„ l,ln..a..hi.- vvarlar.. .n wl.i.!, .v-ry m.n s hai.d .s """ •■'",'' T , ' ; ,h . 1 , •; -h.. K..>MU.> w,th ,ln. ll...ria..s is d..,.ut.-cl hy against lii^ i.''iLMil)iir l',\ ••!. II.'' nnMiii. \ >mim la | ,, ■ . • . i . i.M^.s ava.u,.,.n.l,.|m.t,...x,nv.Mono, vvhnl. .h,. .inn. .. ol.s, u... >u that ,,o n .,.,.,1,, ol „.an,r..l.! „.>ti...unyisov,.rwh,l.n,n.ly a.a.n.t M. .nson. U .s „ „ r.,. spok.M. hy th.. Il.'nai.s, w ar. si. 11 Midly in tho ,>. lor ll»Miau or C'UiImm iaii do .."I r.'a.liiy ad.nit of intt-r- h<>\\ i'\ ''r, ill tru.' that. Willi ivsp." t •<> ili.' 1 u dark Tin' in8rripini'i> whn li i prr llarK I n' IBrrnii ni'i> »> 111' ■■ 1 ■• , , , . i (".,.1 pr,., „u.,. hv n.L ol Ha.,,." A- .nl,... lo fan".. Tavh. ih- alphah-.s ^— . as U.u - ',.an.l Ih-rin. .".• d,.- to ih'. r,u-l '..I'-.M^ o, Massiha ,u.d h.npor.a. A Usou savs ,ha, Ih'.v ar,. inanil'-lly ". IMn. ,' ,an -r,.,,.. U'U.h.l'.ss th.y Wonld h. so ultun . I,- rini'iii' iai.s playi'd for , '"..turns so iin- .1 Tyriaii or Siddi.ia.., as \vll as ot Car- mot.' dat.' whi'ii the h(.uld !»• s.'in.' sm h Ira tha'.nn.aninlhnMnv, Nvasonly loi xp." t"d IVsid-s. a, , 1. ■ , m . CrnTn , , 1 ,1, Cv 1- ,li.ri i.rv vv,-.' hard V dist.i.ir'.ushal)h' Irom ahov.' lii'niioii''d w.T'' l"Hinl''d. Ill" (.,. K ' liara i' r- v% thi'ir C'aili'U'ai. prototyp'S Th''n'is. iiid.'.'d, no diiv", pi-'M.nliat lln' Ba>.iu r'' a s,irvivi,.u .-t'lif of a far-speak- ,„.,. i,„,ian ra"', tl." pr".(""lU' o" i.pa.., ',f „-uly all \V"s,"n. Kurop". But |h.> c.r.'um- st:ntial .v.d",."" is of "ons,d",ahl" valu- L-n. s,..,-. W.Und.n vo,. Ilumholdt dunv ;„t.„,.o.. to ,h" pn.val",.'- of wha, h- d".-.'.! lo h- Kuskarian "]".n....s ... the .eograph- ,,,1 „,,n"s of ' as.'.rn a.nl .n.rlh'.rn Span, whn h h", a.n- ,n,X"d w.th C "Itn ■" 'h-' Ce It.- . h;.dh''',i ih'u>l "Ul or ahsorh.'dhy the iutnxdi'rs. Ainoiiir su' h i'h'.n''i.t? (water) as .,. lluria, Veruriuii. ; (V//r/V/ la l.n.nlain), as i. ijeria,. resion and wholly < 'elti'' wheiv Uu'li. i '„- ;,,.,. ,1.1,1 (a ki as 111 Asturias, Astorira, etc : ura in Itiirissa. Turiaso. etc. Pa, elaiii, '^Z''Zili', and"ii/..'an"an''n^,li" n.ost fiv.p.eu, Ki.skaria.i .. r,nina,io..s, while the iui- ,iV. syllables .nost ,o,n.noniy n."i with a," ./. 'ir. ■«, /'.' • hijmr. ber. ral, ,er, ,al, si, tai aud lu. 1 • 1 I » \ow if alo,,"- will. Ih" "V.d",,.'., ali",-'l"d as W"ll hy I'.'-al „a, ."s as physi.'al eharacter- isties,of Ihe pres",,"" .n \V"s,"r,. Ku.'.p" ami ">l .ally „. -he U-r.a.. peninsula ol a pre- (Vlti",-a'"of l!as,,„" alhn.„"s, u "„uld h- sh-wn tlia, any of the ( "ll." d.ah'r s bore ,ra""s „f Ih'.nan iiii'rnnxtur". ih- p,o„f -f lli" Ih-n-' .h"'.ry would 1.,.. .f .lot eomph te, at l"asi "Ousideral.lv .stre,..r,h'„ed. On ihis point Dr, Deddoe writes: " Authropolog.sts have lout, been awaiting. h"app"a,an'" ofs-ni" phil-lo^M fully qualilied to determ.ue th" ...iporlant problem whether lli-v- be I'ally i;uskar,an and Iberian ele.neutsn. the Cv.nri'' ln..M,a"v .r if so, wheilnr i, b'' e,,,.ally or n.'.r'. poteui ,n th'- trael,'- and hrse. The"xist...'eofsurhauelen„.nt ha.l 1 n b-Mly asenbed and supen-.liously d'Mi.ed or .., d until re'-ntlv ProlVssor Khys ha> an^W",".! '.ur eall w„h ,h" assura.n e ha^ he .den.en, whi'h phvsi^al ph'.Mo,n",ia hav- l"d us to look f-r does ivally ex.st, ,.,.d that . is to be found in Cxa-'li" ratle r than Ky.nn.', and in Ti'tish rather than in Oaeli.' , and that the Iberian sv.nplo.as a„.<.n- the Sihuvs „.,ist b • a', o,. „ed for by their having been in part at l"ast, Gaeli'' before th' v be.anie Ky.nri' i„ lauuuaLr'', Professor Khys's op..uun IN NORTH AMERICA. ■» is .Ifar and . oiiNiHtHiit, and may b.' nv omilcd with physii al liilhfNis 0:1 thi' subji'i t. ' " Th.' dis.ovt-ry, alludfd tn n ih,. puMNai^.-just (|Ui)i,'d, ol the pn'x.'n.f of an KuNkarian .■l.-in.nt in the I'lrtifh Ian- ui^'e, has led I'n.l, Rhys in his • Celti. linlaii. ' to i.ronoun. e the I'lctiNh people not Celtic, hnt the pre-Celt.. ahoriu'inal inhahitants f Northern Britain, their lanpuaije having? heen derived iroin the sai>ie soune as the IJasqui-. • The Di.alidonif of \mmianus Manelhnns (prohat.ly eciuivalent to the D.me, aledonios of rtolemy) wonld, in that . ase, nidi, ate the u'liou oi the I'icts and Celts, aeting against a I onuii"n toe. The resemhliiire to •• Iheiia ' «l ■ hernia ' lllihernia, lerne, l':rin) has not escaped notice. The epoiiyiiious an< estor ol ih.- race lias likewise a va.iety ol names, lleher, Elifr, Kmer, ler, Ir (as i:i Ireland) and Er (a name whi. h occurs in I'lato, thoui,'h in a dillereut connection).^ lleher (the Ih.Tian) and Erenion (the plouffhmanl may in.leed in.iicate in lei,'endary lansruage the twolold orij,Mn oi' the Ihoro-C. Itic trihes. Such wor.ly analogies may, how- ever, lead to devious and uncertain paths.' Nor, indeed, is it necessary to -to in (picst ot this kind of evidence lor a th.'ory whi.h has the .^ pport ol' Latliam, Figuier, I)r IJ.'ddoe, Prof. Huxlev. ProC. Rhys, M. liro.'a, M. (iirard d.- Kialle, M. Raymond, I'rol. Wiiichcll, H Hale and others ol our I'oremost ethnologists. We may conclude, thereloie, with M. Raymond, that the earliest inhabitants ol' the Iberiau peninsula were thi- Ib.'rians ; that Irora their i'usi.m with the invading Celts were I'ormed the Celt-Iberians, and that the Basques, Vascous, or Kuscaldunac ithos.' who have spec, hi are the purest extant type of that ancient stock. Even if we admit with M. Vinson that the theory thus formulated has not been established on an una .ilable scieiititic basis, it may, at least, he ac.epted as the best working hypothesis that has yet been framed. I iind un.'xpected conlir-iiation of this hypothesis in a work which aiilc.'o falls into the niLftake of irukinjr a Has'iU" w.miaii anil an Irish wi.ina.i un.lerstan.i each other's 8|ieLc'h. The Irish w.)nian is. represented as rei>ealin^r the l.oni's I'ruyer in (iaelio, alt.r th.- .inlawed sc^holar's recitation in I.»lin, and, her l')as.|ue c..mpanion in inisfortune is iiiacio to compiehend the words. I'.issihlj- Hiv.'o, who d.ies not seoin t.) have iroiihleil himself inuih with ipiestions of philolivy, was misled hy the .hanc-e resemblance ljetw<«n the Iri; h ii/uir and the Basinie (o.i, in the ciiieninj: clacisc of the Lord's I'r.iyer. .^u.h similarities are frecinently met with. In Cahita, a Mexi.'pn dialei't, nlyii is the word for " fathe.,'' which, ajiain, is '.•;.-. in a Mosipiito dialect. In one of ijie I-'riesian islands Inl, has the same si|.'nilic:ilion, wliile t'ttii, lalir and ^iu('i/i arc syiionvmous w:ird8 In s.mie Ian- .uajtes of Central America and the Isthmns of Darion. .Max MiUI.t's Sience Laiifiuaue, i. oil; Bancroft's Native Races of the I'acifio States, iii. 71(i, 7411, 7ti3 and 7'.i4. J?ee also, for other Mich corresi>ondences, Wilson's Prehistoric Man, ii. :>72. Ii78. 30 uKAni-; ON nA.s(;rKs ts r J l!:ts,|u.-s or l!is. ay.ms. (M.riana .1- M'h Ili>i.:..., HI. I. -ap :V Rri.tius in Hmpan. V.-t^r, p -Jl'.ti .I.,s,-ph S. ahir.T rhaia. t.Ti/.,- this Ion-M>' ;i> ii.-itli-r barbarous nor .lilh.ult, hut smooil. and pl..a,sa..t n. .nun. .almi.. II.' . OMM-L^rs it ..xtr...n.-ly an.i.-nt aiul believ-s that ,t .va>.M us., iu tl>,.,o„Mlrvul,.T.. it is spokni l..|or,. tl... ti.n.' of th- Wo.nans. '1 1, ■ sam.' S,ali«,r. Ill a l.ti.r to Paul Mrrula. whi. h appears iii tl^ ' Cosin .irraphi.' ' of th.- latt.-r, rvrkoiis tlh- Canti.brnui or I?as,,u,. anioiiirtli,. s.-vvn luinor ii.oili.r touiru.-s of Europ.-. il.' r.'ro-„i/,.. oi.lv lour -r.at laiuilfs of sp v. 1, ' l",.llouti.T vvr,.t,- Ivfor.. th,- ■ di.rovery ol Saii>, ri. Fariar, l.aii-ua-.- aii.l Laii-u;iir.'^ P -Ji'-i) . l>iil. without iut..n.hu-; it. 1..' liiUi.'i- pat.Ml M. PirtK in pn.vin- ih- n-lil ,.f Clli • 'o a pla.v iu th.- Aryan hous..hol,l. ( »nr ol ih.. -arlL'st lr..atis,.s whi. h sHs jovlh tU.' .laiins of th.' Bas<,u.. to .ousi.l.-ration, is;, voluinrof -lialo-n.'s ill u lii. i. h h„^u,i C.u^f.ilm, n„,^r,„l.i is introdu.vd in th." ,hara, t-r of a \ .■n.^rahl.' matron, who roiuplains thai h.T own .hiUlr-'U hav.' torgottrn h,T and h..stovvf,l ui.on rival -tran-or* th.' alt^'Utn-us du- to her as Spaiu\s aurit-nt niotht-r touiru.v It is not unworthy of notr that ihi~ .Mrly Iruii of I!as(iue patriotism rip.'Urd in th,. soil ,.llh.. \.w World, thr hook haviii- Immu written aud published in Mexi.o in MOT, just a ve.irb.'loie the found ■lion of (^lebee In IsiiH an e.ssay on the Has^iue lan- uua-e was printed at Hayoiin.' the .uthor of wlii.h, Alibe jtihare,' de Bidass. ;iet. vva8, ue.ordinii- tip the title paii',', ■^'iiinn:'' it'ari'J:''!'' A M. w >'Xi\ IU the study of Ilas.iue was inaui.nirat.'d by the publieation i 1S17-18-J1) of 111,. iiKjuiri-s of W. voii iluml.oldi into the alliniiies of tlie Bas.(ue laiiifuaire. He sptMit il roiisideral.i. lime aii;ou- ih- dillereiii e.emnuniiies where it was spoken and mastered the s.v.ral diale. ts. He was the lirst loapi-ly the test of topo^'raphieal uoiuen.lature to the Iben.m theory : and the result of liis investigations was the . onvieliou that Basiiue was th.' an. i.. Ill sp h, m-l oulv of the peuinsuli.. i)Ul of the adjoiuiui,' islands. One of Ih.- most eariL'sl ..f nio.l.TU ..tud-'Uls ofBas,|ue is I'rin.v L. L. Bonapart.', who hi-s publi.sh- ed a s.rh.s of works b.-arin^ron ih.' whoh' range of I'.asque phih.h.^'y and '^'ratumar. Other srhoiars who merit spe.i.il mention for their contributions to the literature ol thesubjeet are Abbe Darri-ol, Hr. Mahn, M Autome dAbbadie. M. Kibary, M. Uallatin, M. II. lie Char.'U. y and M. Julien Vinson. Th.' thr..' last ir.'Utl.'men are among the rom- paratively few who have investiLiai.'d the r.'laiions betw.'.'u Basqu.' aud the languages of Ameri.a. Mr, CJallatin's paper ..n the analogies b..tw....n Basc^ue and the languag.'s of Am-Tiea and of th.' Congo appeared amonu' tiie Smithsonian Conlnbutious to Knowledge for 1^■)t;. In lst;7 appeared a short tr.'aiise, iroiii M. d," ("haiviieys pen, .'ntilled '' Des Athnitt'-s de la Laiigu.' Bas.^ue av.c le> bli.mi.'s dii Nouveau-Monde." M. Vin.son's ex- trem.'iN interestiiiL.- mid e.ir.'fully r.'ason.-d essay, • Les Basijues et les Laugues Ameri- caines." was print..d in th.' < '..nipI.-K-'iidu ..f the llrst meeting of the Congres International d >s ^meri.anist.'s at Nancy, in 187'). Tw.i y.'ars later, M. Vinson gave to Western Europe .i I'reiich version of th.' essay on th.' liasiiu.' lan.jtia'z- written in IIuii._rarian by Professor Fran. is Kibarv, of th.. University of I'esth, with an mtro.lu.tiou .iiid notes by the trans- lator. To this admirabl.. work (I'aris : T. Vi.'weg) I am indebl.'d for a !.n-eat deal of wel- .Diiie inlonnation From th.' l..'fi..' I h'arn that a sort of Bas.jue Ei^tidtlftKld has been ben instituted at Sar.'. m !h.' v.'ry h.-art of th.- Bas(ju.' .ountry, through th.' generosity of M.'ssrs. Antoin.' dAbbadie and Ame.lee d.' Laborde-Nogu.'Z, who offer prizes for poetry. According to 8tral)0 ip, V. 13H) the art was diligently .iiltivated by the fathers of the race, some of whom had p..eins and v.'rsili.-d laws of gr.-at age (or of gr.-at length, according to IN NORTH AMKRK'A. 81 annthnr r.'ii(liiiir). Th.- Ciini .hriiins, n. r,,r,li„ir to the Nam.- author, had su,h rortitud.- and RU.h 11 rondii.'ss lor th.'ir nalioiiiil s(.,i:.r~, tlial I'l.'V r.'i it.Ml th.-m <-\>-t\ iiiiikM th.' .ru.l tofhir.'.s iiillided i th-'in l.y ih.'ir lioiii.ui vi. tors <)ii>' Mirh .■oiuposition, or what pur- porlH t.. b.' sii.h. hiis 1 1 >a\.'d Inim (.hlnioii Tli.' lulh.wiiii' is a iniiisliaioii ol M. \iiH>t'ri' « Fri'iu li vcrNioii of il : — I. Tliey idiiii', lliey i-i.nif, (lit- liiat- '■( Ilniin" 'I'll luy tlie pri.lii of Ilisi-ay 1"». I'.iit liill a:i'l |ilaiii ri'iieiit tlii> strniii: " ilini'ii'. aiiH yielil aol in lliu foe." 11. Ixt Canar rnli^ tlic i-laviHli foul Who Uiw^ tieiu-atli liU ili^.si«it hwuv, I^ii.lihli'H llm kiriL' f'T im-. N'd Uatojiie ti> Home will tril'Ute |>a\. in. To arm-' I tn ariiiM '. lUOioM '. Tlie Hwariu> Of lioinan liiffluii'^ liwl^tf us in '. I'.y Hca and laml tlii-ir |»iwer withstand 1 Slriki' for Hiscaya ! Strike and win '. !V. Let them retrain tlicir native plain, I'ar I'r. iin ttie towering' r.vri'Pees ; Where rori«t.s crown our forlrea.s town, Our home is with tlw nio\.itain Lreeze. V. Cliooso woll your uround ; look well aronml ; Tnarmored liinhs are stniii'.' and Ih'et ; Willi shield ami lance well-poised aiivar e ,\nd Homes mailed .s.inad-.ons hoi Uy meet. VI. What tliou;.'h alway, hy nij:ht and day The eii'^'c has la-..'d live years Ion;; ; Vifteen to one, their dead atone For those sad years of eruel wron;.'. VU. Yes, thonjih 'tis true that we were few Anil tlie^- a mi^'iity multitude, he diinu'er's j.ast, we've won at la-t, And Bieiav still is unsuUluod. 32 RIAhK ON HASQUIvS This M.nir was .lis. ov.'r.-a. if in hui.I. in l.V.m.hy Ibaii../ d>- U.mru.Mi. .w.d lirsl puLlinh- ...Im 1H1-1.>~\V ^o., lIuml.ol,l! in' Mithrul.it. 8.' M .Iul,.s Vins.Mi .lo-'s n.,t b.-h.-v,' that th.. s„n- .l.„v.. tr;.n.lat-.l is ul an ..arli. r -lat.' than ih.. s-xt.-nih . .-ntnry Th.- .-urhrst ,.xlant ,-i....imrns ol dw 1{,.sm<"' l"i.ifuai,'.> .!>. n-t. in hm opini-.n. tak.- -is lurth-r ha.k than ,h,. hli.'.-nth ..•nlur> In |...Hi. in.rit th.^ lonK-ini,' -irusion n.uy »><■ ...mpanMl uith son,- ..I th.. s.m.'s m l»r. llrint.m s ' An. i.i.t NahuaM I'o.-try ■ It iniirht also !..■ mat. h./sh,in: and th.- (,KZ,-llr. r.-i.r.-s.-nting England, the United Stat.-s and (l.-vmanv, lespertively, hav.- giv.-n subst^m.v and reulity. ■ During the histori.- period ■, writ.-s Trof. Win.h.-ll, " ihe isolat.-d Cai.ari.-s have stood as th.- .mly inhabit. -.l remnants of Atlantis ; and the d.-ta.li.-d and de-jr-n.-rate Cluanch.-s, when at l.-nuth r.-dis.ov.- .-d. . ..mplaine.l : ' God pla.ed us on th.-s.- islands and then forsook and lor^.pt us- " T.\.. y.-ars aft.-r th.- publi.atiou of " I'r.-adamit.-s " appear.-d Mr. Ignatius l)..n.-!ly's -Atlantis: the Antediluvian x>'orld " a work whose sweeping statements and wild .■ompari.sons of unr.-lated ra.-.-s and languages have t.-nd.-d, among men o. s.i.-n.e, to dis.redit rath.r than to .ommend the theory. At the same time, it revived dis. ussion on a .lueslion whi. h many persons had imagin.-d to be set at rest for ever, and eli.ited from various pens whatever .ould be said on one side or the other in the eoutroversy. Shortly before its app.-aran.e, Mr. K. W. Boodle, in the EJmalioiml Reaml oi the Provin.-e IN N(»';tii amkimca. 33 of i', of whiih h.' wun iditor. tra>t' cpliiiirr a> u narralivi- oft'V>-uts, wlii. li ailually look |)lai «• in a r.'irioii tlml iiii..- had r.'ai fxisti-m >■. Ih.r.' may \tr M.-viTal dftfri'.'s of asM'iil oi r.|.'. Hon AloiiL' wn li ' fanciful amplili' atioiis ' of his own inv.-ntioii, I'lato niav, 111 tin ' i:ni.rns' and < ritia^ have irivi-n i-xpn'ssion to a \ai;u<' liui'.itioii of kii()wl«Mli.'i'. "11. r inrr.'iil m an. i."it Knrop.-, of a traiis-Atlanti.' .onntry and p«'opl«'. This is thi- r. nsonahl.' vi.w ad.)pt.'d l)v I'l- \Vil-.>ii in lii> p ip.-r on " Th.- I^ist Atlantis," pr.'s.Mit.Ml two v.':'r-> a.jr.> to lhi> S.-.tioii of th.' Ivoyul Society. " It forinH ', writes onr di-liMHUish.d . .ili.'a._ni.', ' om- of th.' iiidispiiiaM.- fa.ts of an.ifnr history that, loni,' h.d'or.' (ir.'.M -• l).s am. ■ (h.- world's iiil.dl.'. tual l.'ad.'r. th." .'asLTii M.'dit.'rrant'an wiw s.'ttl.-d by Mianimf ra. «■-. u li<.s.' a(l\ .•nt uii.u^ . nt.ri 1 1 -•■ l.'d th.-m t.) navi ih.' Atianti.- Tht-n^ WHS no .rrial.T iiiip.dim.nt 1.. sii. h ad\ .Miliirous marin.'rs < tosniii.^ th.' Atianti.- in .'arlit'st .■.•nturirs h.'for.'ChrisI than at any suhs,.(|n.Mil do with Spain, and th.' r.'soinhlan.cs in stru< nir.' h.'lw.'.'ii th.' sp. ".-h of the llas.iu.'s and som.' of I hi' toiiiiti.s sp,>k.'ii on this ...ntin.'nt. may Knd th.'ir .'xplanation in the fa. » that thos. who us.' th.'iii ar.' d.'s. .'ndants ..f tin saini' primiti .' sto, k. In that .as.' th.' Hasqtic lish.'rm.'ii wh.) ma.l.' lli.ir way in th.' lift. '.'nth, p.'rhaps tli.' lourt.'.'iilh .ontnry to ih.'se shor.'s w.T.' .'X.'inplifviiiir th.' truth of th.' adau^.- that blood is thi.k.-r 'han wat.T. This is th.' tii.'ory of Mr Horatio Hal.', wIl. in his .Miixhtfully instru. tiv. trcalis.', "Th.' Iroquois Hook of Hit. 's,' maintains that th.' .'arly Hurop.'ans, of whom th.' Bas solo surviv-ors who hav.' retain. 'd th.'ir ..ri.jiiial lancrua sani.' sto.'k as the Ilur.m-Iro.iuois of ih.' lowr St. Lawi-'ii..'. Mr. Hah' has found . onlirmalion lor his argum.'iit in Sir William Dawson's • F.)ssil M.'U ", wh.T." th.' reli.s of au.itMit human habitation in Ani^'ri. a are .oinpar.'d with similar linds in Kurop.'. The pr.'paration of th.' work was j.r.tmpt.'d by the dis.'ov.'ry, in l«»')l, of th.' r.'mains of th.' an.ient town of 11. h.'laira, nhi.h had disapi>.'ar.'d from siirht for s.nn.' thr.'e ..'iituries and to th.- identi- ti.ation of u nuh th.' r.'. ..rd ..I .Ta. (jues Carti.'r's visit was the only 2;uide. On the basis of that idenlili.'ati.ui (t>ut for whi. h an .'uOh-ss .oiurov.'rsy mi-rht have raged over the fossils in (iu.'sti..n). th.' author, ■ arirumi;- from th.' known to th.' unknown, undertook to illustrat" ih" 'ira.ters and .oiiditi.iu .)f pr.'hist..ri.' m.'ii in Hurop.' by those of the Ani.'riian ra. .■-. it so hai)peiis that among the pr.'histori.' ra.es of Europe with whi.h, in -Fossil M :n ■'. som.' <>!' our Ain.'ii. an trib.'s are brought into .omparisoii, ar.' those whi.h form th.' subj.'.! of th.' .'p.i.h-making '• R.'li(iui:e A.iuitani.:-' " "What," asks Sir William Daw.son. . .)uld th-' .>ld man of Cro-Magnon hav.' tidd us had we been abh' to sit l>y his li.'arlh aii.l listen und. rstaiidingly to his spe.'ch, which, if w.' may Judge from th.' f.>rm ..f his palat.' boii.'s, must have r.s.'inbled more that of th.> Am.'rioans or Monir.'lians than of any mod.'rn Eui-.)p.'au p.'opl.-. ' But th.' old man of Cro-Magnon lived in the v.'ry r.'gion in whi.h th.' Ib.'rian or Alt in .'lassieal times. Moreover M. Hamy m.'t with the same Cro-Magnon type among the Basqn.' skulls of Zoraus. M. d.' Quatr.'fag.'s also met with living spejimens of it. and M Louis Figuier, Sec. II, ls*)h. r>. «9SH 84 RKAiH- ()V n.\><}ri:s 's>. wli r 1 |,i>sr>< II uitli til. \I..ii._ni|i III liiiiiU s;i\- lli.it II ^llll I'XIsI'- Ml llh' HaM[il'"< ;is \v>'ll ,i> III ill!' hull in> lit Norili Aiiiiii. i 111 ;ill i>>a\ 'HI Imlliill Mli;l;iliiil|s :i<. .v lili'ii, I .1 li\ I ,.i lii; ii.il;. . l.'.id .il ill. Mulll r-^.i! Mci.tini,' ..r ih.- \iii. 1 1. Ill \~>... i:iii..ii t"! 111. \.|\ .III. .111.111 ..I S. i.ii • Mr 11. il.' (Ill's Sir V'illi:im I );i\\ -I.II-. \\ .Ilk Ms . I Hill nil 111 'J In- I.' ;i. I iii I li.' kiii>liiii li. l w .•.•ii I li.. llnTiiiiiN ;m' III )>.' noli. !i.. -.\; .1. iliii ill .■\iil.Mi 1 iiinu'ii^iir'' mill •'• 8111111' .'Xi'iit III h.iilii 1. Ill I ~ t.i III.' . .iii.'lu! iiii.^rMiinii III I ill' I III lilt II tril(i-> liii> 111 I'll IViiiii ill.- .\llaiiii. I iiiisi \, ..siw iii.l mill suni hw ;ii ,! 'I'lii- ilmiiii-Iiii(|iiiiis tribi's hiid ilnii' |iii-liii. s,.;ii mi ih.- 1..\m.| Si l,;i\\ |-.li. .■ Tli.' I la.lillnii- ol tln' Al'_'.>lii)ilili M't'iii til |iiiiiit II. Iliiils.iii |',;iv mill ill.. . ii:isi ..I i.iliiiilnr Till' Diikiit.i sin. k Imd its eld. -r lirmi. Il . 1st 1)1 til.. .\ lli"/li.iiii. s iihI |iii-s]1,|v III ill,- ( '.1 1:1 wli. I iiiiii.i'i shiill I..- pnivi'd In In' ol ilial siiii k I .III ill.. ( ':i'i.! 11.1 , i,:isi I 'liiliiliii,'isi , ;ir,' \\ ,'11 :,\\ ali' ill.. I I lii'li' is iiotliiii'.'- ill till' liil|.JIl:i|.r.' ..r I ||.' Alll'Tl. Ill llldl.ills t'l 1:1 vor till' I I III |.'. I lir.' (IdI II Is liiilliillLr I'lsi'l wlli. Il \ soine lall.'d lli.' llieri'in rare wiio were uliiniai.'ly o\ erwiielmed l.y tii.' Aryan eiiiiurants Ironi .eiitral A.sia, the l!i'.s(jii.'s are tlie only survivors tliat Imve r. 'lamed th.-ir oriuiual laiiL'uae'.' : Imi all I lie nations ol' soullierii I'^ur.ip.', . Hiuii.'ii. inir wiiii ili.' (liv. ks. sh.iw in ih.'ir plivsi.al mi mental traits a laru-e interniixi'.ir.' of this aliorie-inal ra..' As w.' ad\anie wesiwm tii.. evideii.e ol' tliis infusion i.e. oines sir.,iiu-..r uiiiil in the ('.'lis ,,1 i-'raii. e and i|i.' liritisii ishmds, it "-ives the predoniinant east lo tti.' . hara. t.-r of th.' p.'. .pi.' Mr, Hal.' uo.s on l.i say llial ihis tli.'or\ aloii.' a.vounis for the marked loiitrast betwe.'ii til.' Aryans ..j tii.' l/ist and thos.' ol ili.' W.'s*,— lli.. former ii.'itm' sulnni -sive, wiiil.' Willi til.' lait.'r, es|ie. lally w iien- l.h" so-ealleilv triii iil to a < oiiiiiioii •iiii c^tor tiavi' II" laiiiily lik''i»fsn wliatcvr ' M .Iiil'> V'iiiMiii who [las ilrVdi.il ;ih l.iliorul.' i>api'r to (111' I'xatniiiafion of tin- 'I'la- tioiis ImIu.-.ii tin llii>(|iii' ami ilh' \iiiiTiiaii loiiu'U.'s (.'Npc. lal 1 v ill'' Al'^omjuiii ami Iro- i|iiois) Tills to r. I oLriii/.' any iial kin-liii) h.iwi'.n ili'iii 1!.- a. know |. iliT' -^ tint in iln- loriiiatioii of (ompoiind woriN, iln' jta.si|ii>' lia>. a |iii>. i-s- o| x\ iiiopat.il im nrporalion, will' h ri'M'inl)l('s that oi tin- Aimriian la nirna ;,'.■>. and in an as. .•mlintr sitIit., in ihi- onltT (.1 airj loiiiiT il i\ I' iiipai ity, \ir pla. cs tin' ltas(|iii> m^xl lolli.' \imTi.aii lainiK I'll' "rdiT III hi> I'liuniiTatiini i> as follows : -tin' Dravidian LToup, v>ry poor in lorins; ih.' Altaic, whi'li has hi'iinn to ill' orporali' ; tin' {{asipi'- (M Vinson r>'|<'' t» the tcini Ili'iiaii" us of ' WlifK'UT lakrs tliii iri'iilili-. ni.i) iliHinMT (•M'li ill Kiiuli.sli iiiniii iiislaiiii"« >if «(ir'l» wlii. h, tliou^'li lin\iiii; HI .ml, il' any, n .si'iiil>laiii n In oni'li ntliiT, iiri' kiX'H ii I" Ih- iIcsi imhIhiI II'iiii i'"|iiiii"Ii ani'Kntnrit ( If xii'li » aii'l 'ilh, Ijiu/lr ami !■■■(. If. I ri'Mtiiiu lliH I'oiimlari f "iir nun luiiu'iia^i', »<■ hiiii'Iit llir"ii/li tin- "Xli-ii'Iril il'iiiiaiii "f Aivan i<|>lv li. He tiii'l su'li iiislaii'i"! ill -lill ltimIit al'Umiairv. lY'il'. M.i\ M M'T iiii'iiti'iriH as ai iliiistrali'ii of pli'iiii'lii' r"rrii|i!iiiii till' tru'liial Iraiml'irtiiati'iii '.(' ■/"/ i('ir ('lBiii.'lil('r) '.r s.uii,' aii' li f'Tiii. iiiln llii> li.M'>iiu,iii >/>•<, ami "f "i.M.i, (sistiT int' llii' I'l'liU 1 .7">. Ill' |Ki!ii(« liiit ilii' I'li'iilily "T llii' I fii' li i/i'im' with iIm' I...V !..itm Kirwfip-ii- fiiii:tf, aii'l sl.iiWH llial I'lir nml I'lnn. M|irnik' Ir'iii a I'litiiiiiun lar-"!! -'.iin r. Tlii'S'' iiist.iii'is iiiiiilit It) iii'li liiutcly Iiiiilti|ili('il. Hilt f'lr till! pxisli'iHi' "f wrilli'ii lili'ratiir"s, il wmiM !■<■ \irtnally irii|i< ssiblii In mtiIV 8il''li rtym"- li'k'i('!(: ami, jii'litiiii.' li\ am l"i;y, wc iii.iy ii'asciial'l.v •■"iiilii'ln th ii chaiu-i's at N-ast iml .ins iiiitpwrtliy l.avf I'Vi^rtukcii till' mit'In "f iiiilrltiTi'il lant'MaL'fs. oriijinall akin, ali-r l»'iin; »(«['arali'.| fur iiMiliiri''M nr lui-n iiiilh'ii- Iiiuiii.s I'y ■iiiiiiiiiMil.i nr iicrans. " \Vn liasi' t.'S-":! I" lu'lirvi-," wiles l'r"f. Max MiilliT. 'Ihat tin' laiiii' 'liaiiui^H takii I'l.i'i' with (urii ;;rcatiT \ inli'ii'i' aii'l rapi.liiy in llii' ilialiM'tN m' lava.''- inli's, altli'iiiirli, in tin' al'st'ii.i" "f a writti'ii liti'iatiiri', it Is exlrrincly ililliiult !" "I'laiii truslMnrlhy ii'l"riiiftli"ii. Hut iii 'Iji' (rw iintnii'iM wlicre rari'fiil "Iworvali'iiis liavii im'i'Ii iii.i.li- <>ii tliis iiitiTi'Htiii>.' siil.jcit, ii Iuih I»'i'Ii f'.iiii.l iluit ain'iii;; tlm -mI.I ami iliitrrali' tribes uf Silicria, Al'rira aii'l Siiiiii, tw nr tliiPc ^.'I'luTatioii.s an- -.ullli ii'iit lu . Iiaii'.'ii tlin wli'.li' a-lau't of tlinir iliali'its." N'lW, whilf avcihliii:; tin' iiii-takii nf ilt'iiyiii.' any stability to "iir abori'.'iiial l"iii:" 's— a iiii-'lakii wlii.li W'lilil br '' rriMtcil by lln- asii-rlaini''! p'tipral i'l 'iility uf tliK Hur'in lrni|ii"i.s iim.1 Al^roiiiMri "f tlin early e!(pli'rerN v\itli tlioNi' laiii.'iia;.'i's as Ibi'V exist Ui-.lay — we 'aiimit 'lispute tin I'ai-t lliat, like 'Imse 'llalei'tx "f tlm dill W'lrl'l I" ttliii'li Triif. Muller refers ill tlui paMsa^'e jn.st (|ii"te'l, tl\"s»( nf "Ur cwn Imlian.s an' vnxceptible ..l' rciislaiit laiiililH atiiiii w hi' b in Ibe r'lUrse of time tt..iil'l reii.ler iiiirei'"i.'nizable the relatinnsliip IwtHeeii fcirnia "f Bjieerli tlial may ba\e Imeii f"riin rly allieil. 'Ibis vM.ull be esi'i'. ially II. e I'lise \\ lien> i-ir'iiiiisiances bail erowileil a iiiiniber 'if ilisparate tribes, sjieakiiiL' 'li\' rse t'liiL'ues, iiit" a liiiiiteil area, siirli a;: ^.'atliere'l iiniiinil tbe trailing [K.si.s "f tile iliidsoii'^ Hay Ci'iiipaiiy "ii tbe I'aeKir e'lasi. In tbe Cbiiiiiiik jar_'"n "f ttia*. reiriim we bave ample illiislrati"n nf tbe ;iip;.'e may assume n'l iiiiiiriiMt'iriie.l lips. An l'nt:lisliman tlien- tii.'iire.s as A'iii(-.»/n/,;iiate an eMerly |«'rs"n and is als'i need as an .idjeetive; liiiiii.l'i is "l"-im'rr"W ' /'".' isnppnsei iiieaiis "if" 'ir " prividi'il tbat"; /" ( freiirb /'le'.-) 'S " an.l " a> well as " Ibi'ii ' ; I'll- " to mil " Ibe wn'l is l.i'li cr mirl ; ..h/vm/i , ciiifvi;;. i is tin' ii^ii.il I ■nil for an llnliaii l.d'iun Iml.al- cliiiiii IS Ibe Cbinook for a "silk ba'i'lkeriliief "— Ibe fomi'T of Ibe tw. WohU ln-inj; evideiillv a i-orrnplioii of tbe freii'b /.i >■ i. . /'"i.. is iiilemled f r " lire ' : H'li for "dry "; hl'in for /- - '/."'.< (tiie ftietb); lam. 4iii for hi tiir'h- ci)i. ,» bile W'iA-/i.i/i-.i/';/.i// do.. s duty as " lion 'lo .\ "ii do'.' " 'I'liis last pbrase " i~ belii'VO'l tn bave ori-.-iiiated from tlieir liearin;: utie of tbe n sideiit- at Ibe fori, ii.innil < lark, fre'i'iently lel Iresse I I y bis friend- : "( lark, bow are yon"'.' I Wilson's I'telii-lorie ?.Iaii, ii. :..'lii). Tlii^ system 'if loiiiplex s|«'erli lui'l been in viv'H' alreaily (tliouj;li, wilbiiiit its I'reii'li an.! Kinilisb eonatiliients) before KnriiiieanH eanie in eontnit witli ibe trib"" of tbe I'aiilie enast, and «e may, tberif'ire, ' 'Hij'i lure to wliat iiillneiiees laiiL'iiav't' may liave U'eii sid'jei'led in tbe eoiirse of lonj; preeeiliiiL' t'eiier.ilioiis- How lio|»'l'-s, tbeii. in tbe pre.seiii'e of tbe possibilities tlins implii'd. i.s any comparison bi'lHreii .Viii. riiaii aPil .,|. I- World laiii:iia:.'es b,isi-d on siinilariiy of siiellini.' or sound, if sui'b lik.-ness w ere d is. 'over- able ' Kill, on tbe ■ tlier b.ili'l, the ab^. ■ure of verbal resemblaii'i' '■aiiiiot .i'lslly b.' a'repte.l .is suHii'ient I'l refute a tlie.ry of a Hi nil;, wbiib is siroiitly support' •'! by slni'lnral annlo:;ies. (In tliis |Kiint, witb -p. .'ial refereiue to tbe Bii.S'ine Anieritan ''oiiirovet-y, ,'^ir lia:iiel Wilson, vbile ailiiiitlni',' tliai tliis eleiiient of e. Tresponden.e itliut is tbe p'lieral likoiiess in east ami monld of sjieeili iiidii'ated by Mr. Il.de'i " is sullieiently markeil to attract much attention." lias come to the folluwin^r rational coii'-hisioii : " We ba\e as yet, bowever, barely ri'acbed the threshold of this all iuajiortant in'iuiry; and timl at every step only Itesb evidence of the necessity lo. the dili^rent acou- Rfl ItKAUK ON IIA^^'JI KM v.ifu.- M.^'Uili. a, 1, fullv ,n...rp..r..,v.. an.l .. .mIu.u to [...Iv-vn-h.-tisn. ;o..l tl.- Am.r., ,»n irroup ' oiiipl't'lv i>(il\>'Viiili>'ti' ,„, ,h.. oth.T l.a...l. ll... V...W ...|".nM..l I.N M, 11..1. 1... r-.M..l :.., . nll>..M.,M,. ...Iv... :... ,,. ,i„. <•,,„,„ ,1.. Cli.r.M. V ■ W. Nvoul.l I..' 1... l.n."l to L.'li.'V.- !..• -lys ' ili.t Am.Ti.u w.si pl.Mlln.M, th.-M-l.-ol tl... Atl.u.I.r at al. .po. 1. uU'-<: v.- M.Tn liump.. vva. still , ,, .,■■,! Kv pap..l„t s ot tl... II..T.an ra... ' Ami ..!..• -I •' '■ u'r....n.U oil ^^ lif h I'- l.^i"'« that '..i„ Ills.,.,. IS that III. A .l-.u la>.i:.ia.-'.s. v^l.ll.• .shoaiM-Mo -'Ui.s "I r-latlol.-lill. wi.li As.ati. l„ri.isots, h. i-r.s.nt |,.at..r.s o| n-ia.rkal.l.- r- H.ml.lai.. •• t.M 1... 1^^,11- nt ll... pr..>-Mt.lav. .•s|..-i>»lly 11. eraiumati.al striKtan- Tl..' Coai.i ,1.. ( 'l.af.i.y ll.n.ks, ,n .r.M.N .T. tl.at'it |s in tl... -lial.'. ts p.'.i.liar 1-. Canada t l...t ll..' m..>I n.ark.-.l allii.iti.> will. til.' It.iMH... laili^uiu"' liiiv-' l>''''i. (lis. ..\<'r.'il ( ■,.m.u. i.tiMi: "II tl.'-- all.'i:".! -^ uI-wh of kinship '..••t w..ii tl..- laiitriu'LT-'s '•[ ( 'ai.a.la an.l tl..' ..l.l.'M K.M'-'U.' ..I K.in.p... Al.l.-' <'h...i v.tv p.V ii..'i.lly r. marks thai, mi...' . \ .'I. a .omparaliv.'ly m.airr.' iM.|U.ty has .If il-l dis, ..vri.s ..f ^u. h -r.al ii.l.T.'Mt an.l M«mli- .iiii..', th.T.' IS ;,11 th.' ii...r.' r.'asoi. vvhv pliil..l..uisis ..n l...tl. si.l.'s ..Jili.' A tlanti. . l.ul .'sp.'. tally th..s.- wh.. hav.'<.i-p<"-!tii>i""S"riiit.'r...iir..' uilh our iii.liai.s, sh..ul..lulion .'Uh.'r in tl..' alhriiiatiw ..r ih.' i...jatu.' Tl..' a.K i. .■ is worthy ol' th.' moii** \»'\fuA re. all ' Tl'.' pK|«T in "lii.l. ll »"r.ls n.vur, ili,- lliin.n- Iri.-iu..is ..f ( aiiaJa, a Tv|.i.al Ra.-o ..I" \in.Ti.an \l...ri;;iii..s. Trans. l;..y. S..,-. (an Issl, ||„. .l.siM.' . Impler ..f l'relii8t..ri.- Man, "ra f.liii..n, II, llal.'S lt...|ii..i,s H.n.k . f IM. s. an.l ..ssay .-ti In.lian Mi-ratLms an .■\ M.-n.r.ll.y I.aiiiniai-'f, M. lull's V:ns,,us iranslnU..ns of Kil.ary'-^ K.ssay .m ll..- l;a^.|"'' l-an-'nnv.', an.l I. is pa),., I-i^ has.ini' et Ips l.annmo An..Ti.ain.'B K '..mpl.- K.ii.l , .In f.'n-ris Inl.TnalM.nal .l.'> Ani.ri. anisti-s, lhT'.\ tlic Ir.>.ni..is an.l AlLr..M.|iiin I,.'\iiv.iis, ihe llln.l.',-. I'hil.il...:' ,i..'S an.l .liii:.' nl Krr..n.', •'( ..nr .■.ill.-aL'iic, AM..- ('11.1.1, may l"' pro- lital.lv .■..ii-nlr.'.l .m tl... «li.il.' srl.jc.t ,. Iia-.| ,\n..Ti.an allinili.'S. In i. lii.lini; ll.i- l^n- n..l.', 1 uniil.l --ay tl.at, wliili' in tlip main atrri'.-im.' will. Mr. Hal.' ( ■ Ka..' an.l I,an;'iiaL'.'." in /'../. i.A.r .v ...... Mn„l),h,. .lannnry, IsS.s) as t.i tlie i-Ti-at imiK.rlan.'e ..f s|»'.m.|i a,-i .-vi.l.-n.c ..f iIl' si... k I.. « 1.1.1. ll...s. i-in^' it L.^I'Iil', I W..11I.I alsi. ..'ive (Inc. w.'i'.'l.t t.. Ira.lili.ns, i.'lij.'i...is n..ii..i.s, r..lkl..r.', .ranial l'..rinati..n, . ..inpleNii.n, sl.ilur.' an.l ..tlj.T piiysi.al an.l in.iral iharacUTiBli.s, ' I^- r.as.|iif .n ifs Lantrii..- \in.'ii.aint'.s in ll..' < '..iiipte-Ucii.ln ..I llr.' ('..n.^T.'s .U's .Vni.'n. ani-k-s, Nwii'y, 187.J, ii. 7:>. ■ Seo Ajiin'iLlix f.ir illu.-itrative -(.e.iniens ..I' Baa.iue, lr...|n.ji8 an.l Al):.in.iuin. IN NOKIII aMKUICA. a? ai'Im:m»i\. I'.ir.ihU '.I th. l'r-..tii.)l Sn. 8. I.UKI. W II ;!.', IIa>'(1 r. Km I I lllllul <'l IM'I ill -' IL' Kill lictiii ik L'li-i |i:ll 1 I -lllii'li nil. lit 'il/.'MI IwU'k ►ItlU'li 1. 1 -I'lil.!. lMl.lv CM III MIV. II llltail All. I lll'lllU ..||llll-Mln. Ilk mil I'li'i'ii /111 I. 'I' I.I 1 1 iiiirii'ii l:[ Ki^i . i,'ii :;iiiii'<'ii I 111 ii.iii, ;;UHiiik bililiiik lllll- L,'.'l'l''lMI|-. I' II -ollii lirili iiiiiiri l>al('l:ii:i, "la liiiii iii'iii ni-r.iii III I L' Miiha-'-iiiia, |iiinlii;M|ii vIrI iiuir 1 I (ill-la ilu«lK'ni| IK'nijiitii iikuii /.uoiii .III, 11,'in 1-.111 /.in >,'M.^t•l^l j,'..;;i.| l.nl Imm 1 1 liail in 1 la Ihii.i In 'lllll lii'li.ii i/.ilni I.'). Kill |..aiiik li'Uii liaililx.. Iiiir:.'i'.. I.al.k i.l.n l.a-k lii Kla i| l»in i.ir -r.lin 1 la li.iil> ii;mi n.'«.iii l.i'ii- |Mi-.i-<-i..ni'l.iiii i«-ir /ii '11 ilnllU l.lli 11 /Ml. II III l.MI k\ iKIil''.!! 11^ I. il.i'iar. II li.'i lia n a. . I.i 11. I1..1 U eri'ilii'ikjiii rninilcn I ; Kla 1. 01.' I re l.lll'll.ll I I'll ll.llt -..j. I.'IU-.III IM'I 111 -I'- III Sciiili.il ai.ika-. I il I ijuii. It'll I'lu' ailiii 111 I'ci .111 ..I'la I'l'iiiik.i .liih'iiil,, I'la III f{i)-M''/. Iiilioli liiiinai/ l^- .laiUiiil. II lU ,!"■ n n«i/ III nil' uliacaii.i, I 1.1 ci lainii .jaukat .\it.i lnit- i|i..t •t'l iLiii'ii r..iilra, I'lii liii'r airjiii'iii. 111. Kla i;c.|iia^..i ik I'/.nai/. ilij(iir liii'r ^I'liir iliicik.i : u|,'iii iii'/. ik I'lin. alnkilsuroliink I. .11 In JO. .laikirik, lia I.i -.liii I H'lr Ullllirillia. Kla I iiii'.i iiiiiinn iiri'iiii /I'l.i, ikiii ■.('-. ill 111 1 1' ail;ik, (ila ki.|ii|iu.-<-i.imn'' liar r»oj.an. i'la I.i-Iit I'l^inik t'j{ii(' scF^iiii Ii.H' Imiii.i, .'la |imI i';;in miw.ih :i. Ki I rriMii -iom'Ii -ciiR'ak Aii.i liii'< I'lrin lii.il .(•iiMii'ii .'.•i.ti-a I'lu liii •■ ai. iiiciii i'la .'cliia O/.llBl/. iliftllr lliru M'llll' lil'lc ikn 2l'. I iiilujin cniiii -if-i.ii ailik lnic m'tMi ai'ioi I'lkar/ einii/'lc I'i'hu/.tuliat dori' ewkiirii, ('•In -apulik njiieliiia. .rinnlhali'iia. I'l I. I'la laiiii/ I'/aziK' rt:i Kill I'kaii'iiik ;iii re' j;i.-uia vim III lia. iralil 1 /t'li. I'la 01 iili'Ii I Ki I ll.'l.s ■.lll'hCIt ali-Hgin l,.ii'('cii Kin zoii airn -I'ln.' ~aliai 1 eii.i iaiul.iii, iia ■ ilii.i- /cl.i ci I'i.ilil riaii i.i't.ililii /.Uii.iiian, rii-nii /.ii.in liioi..ilia. ctit ihiii-ah Km ilritliuiik »oi I n aiii'l.uik I'.it. iiil.'rri.i;ii -c-an -ci' /.en Kla .ilk t'l iiiii .'■ii'M.ii. Iiin' ana|r 1 Imii i/an .la. ola Inl iik m ila liii.- .'ui.ik ar. re- .'iM'iiilnil, ii ik liiiiu I'M'bilii /lien Kl I a-si'i'i'i' ~("ilii' I'ta I'/rii ai'iii iialil i/.iii I. oil' ail ik La. I.i rikiiik ..ili. Ill' ■■j:\U -h'-nll 2'.' i'laiii.i .ilk iliaiilrnt.'i /iii'l.i ci'i'.'n -io>.'ii iicl'i' aii.it I : 1 1 iiiii liaiiilm' iirtli<.iii si'iliicMi'i'ti anilahi Pill i.';;Uliilaiiii liiii niaiiiilik r/li..| inii^aii. ria I'^'iiiniaij.. pitii.al il 1 /ilaiikak en ill ih'iim' adi-k at.M'gin liiii'i'okii. .'10. Haiiiii liii r sciiH' lian iikiiii ilaiikiik liuni art'i r ;;iMi'i ■ 11. Senu' Ili liollii i-nokii I'k ncl-i haitii hin' mil la-Miii i.'11-i.i i.iil. km. cl.ii I i i/aii iiuii I'lriil'iin nnkawenk Uinl kaien M llMtto. Wallmiakn knti n« ••ik«ti'iink*>riv link till iiibatianiilaruiin Uiiii I'uwUtaien. Iuhli> knnitokliu Mrak»tiU>kwi>a. M. Kawrniilin wahakwontunv ukwrkon, wiihoiili>tiknrlnki> ti'iikwah ii't'litianakdrf, iioV wnhot-Jii- >aii< Hiitlinliiiiiiliakiiii. I.'i. WitK^iikhn knti n'ulMinwatilihntia, runkwo n>k«al"»'l.iii> w :il...i.i.liiiii.. ili..i..Mr.. i. uj il,.'ii.n- wi-Dl>iaicritakwa, iamiki»niek«> ii« kwUkwi* n>na*kwak«li-kwa. Iiiik..iii.>ii', wiihiMii"ii iiiii.ilik»ii rMiiiiliui- i h.m luki-iiilm rii.iiioniik'.n, liolkoM iirimii' r..:mlit..n. ok r.li ken kll«>h>n, ktUimkailnk. »nwo, iikarirnii akilivii'. 19. Knitkahtonti k:ili. t>n-lilu(iMtklm no lakpnilm. inklmn rnkoni. i-lhcU'ni:il.-ai. m uo Uncn- nliii, nok iini ni>i) kiiiinikoniak^nton. I'*, luhto -oWiikiTili'.rilo nilDtlKn^Mrnhllliiik"- i.oU ;uiil;.iiini' . tin iui-Uum :im- i»ii,i »I,i'i.m1i i-i> III- -uiiiiliut>oiu ukon -'•». lokiiiiiutii- kali tontuliitliicnri. tonruli.iintj.akliu m- nmi i«. .nhii ilr^•^ wnlioikmho no ninibB, noU Wtth.itonio tannikonliritkun. mihiuiitnlo, iiiihnionitana, ok mIio wali niiinii nolv .viiih.i iiorutikH'aniiindin. 'il. Kith. no liilioiii'iin no inu'nha riiUoiii. i Inikonntkitaton no l.'aw.imu.., „ok U..iiinl>. nlnal.-ilni, oni tiino, iahto -. uuUonli Kon kaion no lak.iwanon no loionlia kal.oluUo loiv-kwo , t-al .nl.iliawon..nl..Mli:ii lo, |..|,;, .■,on«arawo mi rolinon-ote, «alialloi.n ..k iak.itoronnotalio, iakolioniawat.inhalio oni -'I Tali'iionki' NO roiiwiinnliif., m.k wiihorivvari..nlMii-o . Imiiotieron. •-'T. I':iliiii.,n kali, walionmn lioli..-ker.lia -aiawo, i„.k ualiaiio l,ianil,a n.- k. imiaka liat. i..nn li"ii-'-«:ii a«okoii xkinnon «uliol!;allio. ■2K T-iniioi MO lahonakwon no rakowuncn tui waliotokenne, nok iulito liatnniai-ku. n almia woiato lie kanoii-kon. Tuliaiakenno kali liu roniha nok w..thoiliotOMiiionHo. '^'■' Okokon t;ilioMion mo i-oioiiha : onon os.. io.sorako i.i kotihioiun-o. iuli oni nonwchiMii i, kon wonnoiili.iii, n,.k iaii nonwonton lo^kalovvonlotano ^kaiftlat ..„, .HMikwat-oiion, no t.iiaUwaiuni,. i, ink- watonro nuiukv. aloiiwo^on. .'JO l\"'i kail kaioi, l,oi-ioi,l,a, kawciiniio i-..kw.'i.ia..n no ia..wonk, i.-iiiio k..iiir..kli.'i -aloli..i.;iiol> wi-(,n. -.■.lau, hi. konto, ,ij{,:i..k wa-oriio nu ioro-eii tei.innli.Miskwan.ii, !! .N..I. loiiialienron no r.o.ihu kion. tiotkon walii lonikwoko,,, aU«ok..n >awoi,K l-inikoi, iiukuwi Ilk i .".1'. lotoiiwiMinhonno i,ao.„t..i,weM.|i aionlokli..Mni .mi. uaekon !„• !•,•» hul-okonlia .aw. i,l„ionno n./k -loitoiiiiheton, luiauitonli.piiiio nok suliokolole. IN N.ilMii AMJItICA 80 ii •.•>>u< IK. 1 1 IVjik »nU'iiiali« iiljiniifoSaii n kwiaiiA. IJ. K>C"| i"jii i.||in »t ij{..ii : ii'iiw, k.K'l t iM'i„i«ini.miiw,ili' o kwi-iwt liilkili k« talilxtiiflnminili' mijii'iri ihikik riionitvlairwaii kit> i tiluMin I l.t. Ki«j(Wrir kiiiweiij ikpilc, .. kl mim«iMljil..ii of(n<'iiijttr niiiiikik i. i M. mB»lfi<<' wii.ia Ij ijaii- , mi .I.i. ii, |.,j,. i » iniiii.' i| iiiii>l|iliili/.ii|i I I Kii w:iM«ilo kilri nniilH iiiM>kilu^-l< , |H-|ik iiiii. ki|jitiikiiiiiUiwamih;i ol uai|{ori kilci ({iMiitwciiirinilc kuk'n^. I l.llHMiiliiti 1111:; 'li Mitiiiii|jiiwn(i/,oU' kakiii* ki-ki>ii Niii. luiKl.imo.'iil' III! 11 kiw.'inioi- liil'blc I III I III kolilklliil. \. I'M >>i u KiiiiKnn, pit. »i wiKliii^olmitoh, •> miuiwoiiiiiiliiinBwa i |iii|iMriiitiiK<>M>i km ijixiiiipiin. IT K 'K ipi'i iiii'l|itfiiii.i, nin .Im otulntr ni wi nip j wi winiiii.li !8. N iiiK'i pnoil'.vi, ti'iw fiiiliilc tiinuul Iju, niiijfiii Kiji' Miiiiiio, ^^iiji kid. Ui ki iiirki !'• Kw:itl»i:lll klMlllliltr k|. U iiii;i pulaiiiitiiii iiiii^i iiiiUili.i i 'M'liiiliiiii'. aii'iia;- iiiiiii; l;i.|i Intmviciii 20. Ml .1.1, U,-,.| I |,ii-iU\M;. ,',,,11,11 , ii;ii|.ik,iH il. ..-an. \| ij iivvl ii:iii«ikll vutc II k '<• ii-uii ; ^^»■ II I..,, k'.iiinvi'rk iwiiii ki|,- iniiii u '»vvi-.i»aii ipilr i;il ojjwatr wku 1 pi 111. Mil 1 «al,ar im.i:;,-hiiii i', nil ''Mil I 111 i.||ii,iil.it Hill Uwaii.iliiuuii ii .ii.«'|innili .'I Will ,| ai' ... I. iliaw,' ,*[ II, ai, ',-.1111 liiii;;i iiat.Uh.iii.l 1,11, kin, ki ki imUiliiii , k«ah-i.iri ini wan ..ii'in n-an kot i ' kilia l\ i|i' ^l. until, ^{1 -2. 'riiiiiL'wiit. I. i|'' mini .1 u'llii'itii lit aii'ilajfaii.k. Ill in.t kiiiipil, pitawik ., «i-ck nviij^wiiian |iiti kiiiiai.'liil., niiiiik lilil.iiiin.||il.i/Mii, |,itaki'..iii'liil. I'liiik vvaiiimiti alik,in-., ni-ik, l,i nil w;k.iniliiiaiian .'I M I >v;iaiii iiiii:.'« i-i-. iiip.,|,aii, aiapii, ipant{iii ninil iiii'i,iiii,i , \viiiii. ii .ihan, n.,iii;.itii .|ar niik au'iiiivM .\Ii .lac kt'^i I 1 nii.lji wik..;if,Mnvalr ■J. I. KinMii api^i;.'iil,aii ni'-iki-iti' \\ikwi-i-;i>'':iii apitr ,lar |,a kiwotc rii.lau ilr pa util.'iii; nii ii.la« it.- m.-lwr inkaiii. ,i.i.l|i nail' mi'Hvi-niiniliitiiii.||i -ti. I' pipakiinaii aii.itaj,'.iiiaii p.'iik, ■• Uaku eiljiinan aiiii, . niik.inii-ak W|.ii.|;i ni..t 11'. ,11 .la, ai i..,,'i''aiiaii k 1 riiiii'iii 1.1 taLjiiriii \i iiiNaii a Ilk' 11. Ill waiiliiiii.iiliin, Dpi I. ..Ijik i'lii' n .iIm^iiIi- II k\vi-i-.aii i mil llil |iilil.'ltlsiliiK'. lis, Ka kiki'iiii ! Ill;; i| .inilji inii.||il