IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1.25 ■UUi. U il.6 Va 71 A^ y /^ ''^'^' ■ ~^^.^> rv "^^ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Seies. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microraproductions Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 1980 Technical Notes / Notes techniques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Physical features of this copy which may alter any of the Images in the reproduction are checked below. Coloured covers/ Couvertures de couleur Coloured maps/ Cartes gdographiques en couleur L'institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Certains d^fauts susceptibles de nuire d la quality de la reproduction sont not6s ci-dessous. Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur Coloured plates/ Planches en couleur 1 c a 1 f ii D Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages ddcolordes, tachetdes ou piqudes Tight binding (may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin)/ Reliure serrd (peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion le long de la marge intdrieure) D D Shovy through/ Transparence Pages damaged/ Pages endommagdes ii u b f( Additional comments/ Commentaires suppldmentaires The quality of print varies. Fold-out maps, charts, etc., may be filmed at a different reduction ratio than the rest of the book. Bibliographic Notes / Notes bibliographiques n Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible Bound with other material/ Relid avec d'autres documents Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manqije Plates missing/ Des planches manquent n Pagination incorrect/ Erreurs de pagination Pages missing/ Des pages manquent Maps missing/ Des cartes gdographiques manquent r~p\ Additional comments/ Commentaires suppl6r»i*ii» .■,'.-.:t 'ftgf- f^..../ ■'■#*■ f^ 2^ ^GB \j f>f«mmmmtm w T; ■■^ « # V Hi' vxaa s ■^« 11 13 14 16 IT ao M 30 33 33 AppeudU A. Do. B. Do. C. 84 Do. D. Da. X. Do. F. Do. O. Do, H. Do. Do. Bi«m»Uifor P«rin»o«iit ImptOTtmenU and Working 0»pH*l. Estimated Expenditure and BeTenue for one year. ExtiaoU from Report o( Miniiter of Marina and Fiihariea fbr 7«ai en^ 30th Jnoe, 1870. Do. 30lh June, 1871. Report to Monlhal Herald of 4th Sept.. 1873, by Mr. WlUlam Couper, Katuralitit, Moutr.al. Kxtraota ^»Dr. Forry'a article on " Inoreawd production of "** ..Seated planta .ear the northernmost Umlt of Jtteir growth.",, Ma Scientlfl* ««port, by A. R. Roche, K«i., tn th. »-' Island of Antlcostl. Extracto from Scientific Report on AnHcostl, by »'•/»»»•• Blchardson. Explorer, addressed to Bir Wm. K. Logan, f rovluclal Qeologlst. . t by Mr Juieph Eden, Harbour Master, Gaspe, Qutbm Chronieh, 27th Dec, 1872. re to the Fish Trade of the Magdalen Wandi for ., compiled by J. J. Fox, K«i., Collector of itoms, Amherst. Ex Exti BetnrkMWliri .■datoE Do. K. ' MmoMda ai to ralne of Timber and Peat on Antlcostl. {Con fi (fen Hal Pyos/>eclUf.) "ANTICOSTI COMPANY," or C*J^lSrj^TDj£^. This company has been formed for the purpose of purchasing and colon- izing the Inland of Anticosti, and also for working and developing the many valuable rosoiircea known to exist on the Island. A epccial Act has been obtained from the Dominion Parliament incorporating the Company, and received Royal assent on 14th June, Wil'Z. The Directors of the Company, after mature consideration and investigation of all matters connected with the Island and its resource*, have e£fectcd the purchase from the Proprietors, on tho most favourable lerms, oi the whole of the Island of Anticosti. This Island is situa'e in the Gulf and River St. Lawrence, in the Dominion ol Canada ; it has over 300 miles of sea coast ; is about 140 miles long and about 3.5 miles b-oad in the widest part, with an average breadth of 27J miles, and comprises a territorial area of 8,460,000 acres, being one-fourth larger in size than Prince Edward Island. The Capital of the Company is $2,500,000, divided into 25,000 shares oft 100 each. The whole Island of Antioosii was first granted by the Crown of France, in 1680, to one Louis Jolict, in consideration of the discovery of Illinois — now the state of Illinois, U. S. A. — and for other services rendered to tha Government; But after the conquest of Canada by Great Britain it passed into the hands of wealthy English families residing mostly in England, who have ever since, by succes.slon retained tho proprietorship ; although frequent attempts have heretofore been made both by the Gorernment of Canada and by private individuals to purchase the Island, with a view to colonization and development of its resources, they have invariably failed to induce the English proprietors to consent to a sale. This fact appears to have been the only obstacle to the colonization of tho Island. Like tb objection made by the "Hudson Bay Company" to the colonization of the North West Territory, so have parties been found ready at all times to discourage every attempt hitherto made to purchase the "IslaDd of Anticosti." This company has howerer, at length succeeded in making an absolute purchase as aDOve ktated. Tho climate of Anticosti i« exceedingly healthy, and certainly not more oum»i«aaa severe than that of the other Maritime Provinces. Tho cold blasts of the ^m^^ winter are very much tempered by the waters of the Gulf and River St. Lawrence, and the heat of the summer months renJered much less inten The geological survey, made on the Island by the Government of Canada, doei not report the discovery of any mineral ore, with the exception of piccea of magnetic oxyde of iron ; yet it states that there is no reason to assert that iron ores may not be found hereafter. We have an example of this in respect to Newfoundland, which, after repeated geologioal examinations in former years, was pronounced to possess no minerals, while within the last fer yeara copper, silver and lead have been discovered. The Copper Mines at the Tilt Cove, Newfoundland, which were said to have been worked by Means. Bennett, McKay & Co., of St. Johns, for the last few years, with nnpreoedr Dted suboess, havn recently been sold to an English Joint Stock Company for the sum of £150,000 stg. ($750,000); the late proprietors reoeiving thereof in cash £100,000 (8500,000), and the remainder in Stock of the new Company. From this it may reasonably be expected that the laland of Anticosti may become a valuable mineral producing country, as ita geological formation is similar to that of Newfoundland. ECONOMIC SUBSTANCES. The substances fit for economic application, aUo mentioned in the Govern- ment Report above referred to, are as follows, viz : — The fossiliferous limestone, which exists in great quantities upon the ihorea in a horizontal state, is of so fine a grain and colour, and so hard, that it is deservedly classed under the head of marble, and it receives a beautiful polish. There is little doubt that were this stone brought to the large citiea it would be extensively used in public buildings as well as for ornamental purposes. There ii also another kind of stone, exceedingly well adapted for litho- graphio purposes, a sample of which has been tried, with satisfactory reiulta. Limeitone for building purposes appears in a coarae but regular formation, and ii displayed in abundance in beds from six to eighteen inches in thickneia in the neighbourhood of South-Weit Point. It is eaaily dressed «nd yields good blocks of a yellowish white colour. Tho Lighthouses on 1 the Island are built of it, end have etood fbr vpwards of twtaty^five jtut without shewing signs of deoay. Sandstone is also found of a good warm colour, a greenish grey approach- ing to drab, rather lighter tlian the sandstone of Craig Leith Quarry, near Edinburgh ; it has a free {^rain and would therefore dreis easily, while the lingular fragments on the bench shew that it would retain its sharp edget. BloclfH of every size might be obtained, varying in thickness up to five and a hnlf feet. The same saudatone would also yield very good grindstone ; it ii even grained, and there is a sufficient amount ot oltar sharp grit in it to reader it available, while there would be no difficulty in getting any site of grind' stone required. Clay fit for brick-making exists in some abundance, of a bluish grey colour : mm it will prove very serviceable for building purposes on the Island. This marl in found of considerable thickness at the bottom of several small BUI I lakes, covering from 50 tu 200 acres each. This substance is nearly pare carbunate of Lime, and will make gnod mortar for masonry work. In soma parts of the State of Verniout, Icrge quantities arc said to be manufaotttred for that purpoac. Sir William Logan, in hi) Qeological Report of Canada, 1863, says : (after t«*4 Toferrhig to deposits of I'c it or Peat-bogs in the di£ferent parts of Canada, and as to i^^ economic valiio and use when distilled as oil for illumiaating purpose?, ftfl well as when prepared for fuel,) on Page 783 : '' The most extensive Peat deposits in Canada are found in Antioosti >' aloug the low land ou the coast of the Island, from Heath Point to withid " eight or nine miles of South West Point. The thickness of the Peat, as " observed on tlic pnasi, was from three to ten feet, and it appears to be " of an excellent ((uiliiy. The height of this plain maybe on an average " fifteen fuel above high water mark, and it can be easily drained and '• worked. B-tween South West Point and the West end of the Island " there are many small Peut-bogs varying in superficies from 100 to 1,000 " acres." Too much importance oanaot be attached to the value of these Peat deposiis, when we consider the new and approved mode adopted for the Hucccsarul manufacture of Peat and Parafine oil and fuel, coupled with the situation upon the sea coast, and at a point where there is a good harbour for extensive shipment. A large amount of Capital is now invested in Sweden, Prance, Ireland and America, as well as in other countries, for the manuiWi- ture (if tlioae valuable articles of commerce on an extensive scale with oon.siderable success. Near the South West Point there are several large salt-ponds or springs,' which, when labour becuines plentiful, might be turned to good aooount ia the manufacture of Salt, of which there is a great consumption in Canada. Wi. It may thus become an article of great Cummoreial importance, as it is well known tliat Salt, manufictured fmiu salt-ponds, ia the most valuable for curing fiah. It ia also well known that some of the Bahama Islands are retained aerelt on aooount of their valuable saltrponds, and at Ceyloa B ]atip reveDM u derived from the saltworks carriea on upon the Island. HARBOURS. There are three exeeilent harbours, one at El!is Bay, one at Fox Bay, «ii, one at South West Point (Lighthouse). The harbour at Ellis Bay at 'tlte upper end, and the harbour at Fox Uay at the lower end of the laiaad, oan be so improved a« to be capable of accoffiwodating a large fleet of the lairgeit ' !^'J ' j a ^ff" !'i ! !B B * "' - ■tied Ma-going shipi and iteamera, wf.ih the greatert lafety id all kindt o( winds, having an excellent holdinc bottom of pravel and mud ; at South West Point the harbour can also be made aafo by construction of braak- waters, whiie besides there iiro many other smaller harbours for veaiola of light draught along the coast, affording safe shelter. Ood 8«poii. The establishment of depot* of coal at Ellis Bay and Fox Bay, (close to which both inward and outward bound ocean and roasting steamers mutt pass) would bo an advantage, the iniportimoe of which it would be difficult to over estimate ; and if, upon an exploration of the interior, coal be not found on the Island, it could easily be procured from Nova Scotia, and laid down at either harbour for about $3.50 to $4.00 per ton. K»TiJ Etittoai, These harbonrH offer peculiar advantages for Naval Stations, as all vesseU bound up or down the St. Lawrence must pass close to the Island. Whea it is considered that upwards of 200© vessels arrive from Europe, in the season, and also several of the finest lines of staamers in the world, besides a large fleet of coasting and fishing vessels, all of which must necessarily pass within sight of the Island, some idea may be formed of the importance to be attached to the poaition and capabilities of these harboun t)t Commercial and Naval Stations. RIVERS. The Rivers and Brooks along the coast are very numerous, oonsidering the lixe of the Island ; there is scarcely a mile that is not supplied with a clear stream of water, mid every 6 or 9 miles, shews one of a size sufficient to supply the water power necessary for milling and manufacturing purposes ; some beautiful waterfalls are al?o to be found near the coast, presenting excellent sites for these purposes. The largest rivers on the Island arc the Becsoie, Otter, Jupiter, Pavilion, Chaloupe, Fox and Salmon ; besides many smaller streams, most of which •warm with the finest brook trout and salmon. FISHERIES. The Fisheries adjacent to the Island are of great value ard importance in a commercial point of view; these consist of both deep sea and river fisheries, end although as yet comparatively neglected by Canada, are entitled to be classed amongst the most valuable fisheries of America. Whale, seal, cod, mackerel, salmon, herring, halibut, haddock and eels, as well as shell fish, have for many years been most successfully caught along the coast, and in the rivers and bays of the Island, by fishermen employed by capitalists from the Island of Jersey, who htve extensive establishments at different points along the coast on the shore.i of the River St. La.vrenoe. These capitalists reside at home like merchant princes, enjoying the profits of their emidoyees' operations in the Canadian Fisheries. In the Spring, seals are exceedingly abundant, and are met with by thousands in the bays, and more sheltered places on the coast, amongst the drift ice. It is frequently the case, that a sailing vessel will catch as many as 10,000, and since the introduction of steam vessels in these fisheries, as many as from 25,000 to 30,000 seals are caught in a season. 'I'he average value of Seal for the last few years, has been about $3.50 each. Com- mander Lavoie of the Government Schooner "La Canaditnnt" in bis Report to the Minister of Marine and Fisheries, 1870, says : — ''This Islau t " is beginning to be frequented and settled by hardy fishermen, tempteu by t'ae " desire of participating in its rich fisheries, which up to the last few yews " were comparatively unexplored; a more perfect knowledge of the surrouv\d- " ing of the Island, and more prudence on the part of the fishermen, eoablah « them to arrive, depart and sail around the Island in iiUmoBt every kind of " vntheit The importsnoe and value of its fisheriee have also iooreased slong " with the nnmber of flihermen. The w»i«ri bordering « AntieoeU, tM '< itooked with the B«me kinds which we met with on the South end North " eoast of tho St. Lawrence." .... ..... .j There cannot, however be • better proof of the importance that eboold bo attached to the Fisheries, than ia offered by the large fleet of AmenOM veasels lliat frequented the Island, during the existence of the Reoiprooilj Treaty, with their expensive outfits, (some of them coming for • distance of 600 to 1,000 miles,) and the great interest manifested by the Oovemment anr) people of the United States, sinoe tho abrogation of the Treaty, with regard to the fishery queBtion with Oannda. It will also be obaetved from the terms of the Washington Treaty, that the Amerioan Oovemment agreed to admit fish caught and cured in Canadinn waters free of dtttiei, which will enhance, by 20 per cent, at leut, the value of Canadian fiik. COMMERCIAL POSITION. The favourable position of Anticoeti as regards ihioriing nd tsenerel ,.^ _ Rdvantages to parties I „ , ...--» with every facility for drying and curing the fish, and with ready meaiu of shipping to American as well as to all other markets of the world. We look forward with confidence at no disUnt day to see extensive oom- mercial transactions oirried on on the Island, and a direct trade opened up for the exohnnge of the produce of the lelnnd with that of the United Statee, West Imlies, Soutli Amerii'a and the Mediterranean. Many a Urge town in various parts of the world has sprung up into a position of great oom< mercial importance nith less prouiising resources than a town on Anticosti niny present ; but these re.^oui ccs must be properly developed to ensure suoh a result. Many a project of lees promiao has. in this country, been at first sacrificed through timidity and prejudice, whlob, upon subiequrat trial, hu proved a success. TOWNS. « It is proposed to lay out town sites at Ellis Bay, Pox Baj, and tk th* South West Point (Lighihouso). The Chief Town will be at Ellis Bay, where the principal place of business will be established. lUis Bay ia beautifully situated, having ii fine command of the aurroundirg oonntiy, with an excellent beuoh ; its salubrious and bracing sea^air wili ddubtlMi make it eventuilly a place ol resort for thousands of pleasure aeekei% wher* they can combine seabatbiug with many other l^lulmer iffsrt*, iMh U shooting, fishing and sailing. COI i'lON. The Directors having in view the importance of permanently ooloniiiog the Island, propose, when the several permanent improvemenU referred to in the neat paragraph shall be far enough advanced, to take the neoeaaary steps to brjng u..der the notice of the emigrating population of Northern Europe the innumerable advantages of Anticosti, as a place where there b every prospect for an industrious family securing a home of oorapetenoe and independence ; and with a view to the kdoption of a system of ooloniuti«ia fx the mutual advantage of Emigruta and the Company, the Direatore lOse to make an appropriation comm«c«nr«(a wiih tha impdtllHM of th» undertaking. 'm 3 OPERATIONS. With a view to an early coloniBation und wttlement of the Island and tha gradual dovelopment of its many valuable resources, the Directora propose to carry iuto effect the following operations with the least possible delay : Ist. To divide the Island into 20 Countiea of about 120,000 acres each, subdivided each 'nto 5 Townships, making in all 100 of the latter, of about 24 000 acres cacl., A survey of farming and town lots is to be commenoed forthwith ; and on the formation of the roads throughout the Island, tht farming lots (of 100 acres each) will be laid off. 2nd. To open out roads throughout the Island, in all about 15C milea, plant telegraph posts along the roads for a telegraph line ; to eroct 600 log faousas, 1 for each 100 acres ; all of which to be proceeded with as the work of opening the roads progresses. . , . 3rd. To lay a submarine telegraph cable to connect the Island with the mainland at a point on the coast of Qaspd ; improvement of harbours at Ellis Bay and Fox Bay, with docks, patent slips and ship yarda, aod at South West Point to construct a breakwater. 4lh. The erection of two grist mills for the use and encouragement of farmers; two saw mills with planing, sash, and door machinery; the erection of stores and warehouses and such other buildings as may be requisite for the business of the Company ; also 250 small cottages, 3 hotels, 1 hospital, 3 hoajcs for public worship, 3 sohool-houscs, and 1 iron Ibundry. 5th. The building or purcha^'ing of 6 fishing schooners, 2 trading schooners, and 500 fiahing boate ; also, 4 iron screw steamers for whale and seal fishing, and I for conveying mails and passengers between the Island and the Main- land, specially constructed to sail during the whole year ; and 3 Propellers to form a semi monthly line to Chicago during the season. 6th. It is proposed that a Bank be established for tho purpose of issuing Bank notes to the amount of ilOO.OOO, in notes of such denominations as may be considered safe and with due regard to the requiremens of trade and com- merce on the Island ; the Bank to be under the management of a gentleman of financial eipjrience, who shall alf t as the Company's Treasurer on the Island. 7th. It is proposed that a General Hospital be established on the island for the use and accommodation o" settlers and others; to be under the superin- tendence of4li&,medical man. 8th. Five fishing stations shall be established in different parts of the Island, where temporary buildings will te erected for curing and drying fish, and also a store at each station, provided with a general nRcortment of provisions and other requirements for the fishermen. \ Schools will be ejitablished throughout the Island wherever they may be required ; they will bo under the managiment of a School Board elected by the Company. It is also proposed that a printing office be established for the purposs of publishing a weekly newspajHsr, to be called the "Antieosti Qaietts," and for snob other purposes of printing as may he required. BUSINESS DEPARTMENT. The chief business office of the ComMfly will be established at Nora (Ellis Bay), Anticosti ; with agencies at MOutreal (Canada), London (Eng- land), New York and Chicago (U.S.^. Tho executive officers of the Company — vi*. : President or Vice-President, Manage: Treasurer, Scere- tary, Legal Adviser and tho Sunerintendenta of Lands and Forest*, Trade and Commerce and Fishery ana Navigation rebpeotivtly, will all reside on the Island^od be members of the Board of Directors. It is proposfed that the surveyiog and Belliog of lands bdiI foresta, as well BB the management of oulonization roads, be under the superintendence of a land surveyor. It i» proposed that all mcrcanfilo traiisaclionfl, such as the purchasing of merchandise and the coutraeling for the sale of tlio produce of the Island, bo under the superintendence of un experienced Mierehant. It is proposed lliat all businuHs connected willi tlie fisheries, vessels and navigation, bo under the superinteiidenco of an experienced murine captain . It is proposed that a gentleman of good standing at the Canadian Bar be exclusively engaged by the Company, to reside on the Island, as legal adviser to the Company. It is proposed that a correct Rugister of all transactions in land on the laland be kept by a Rogiotrar api>ointed by the Directors oi the Com- pany. MISCELLANEOUS. It ii proposed that ali servants of the Company enjoying a salary of $400 per annum or upwards be required to hold stock in tlie Company for double the amounts of their respective salaries, which said stock shall be deposited with the Company as a guarantee of good behaviour. It is propo.scd that the Company be their own insurers, both as regards fire and marine risks, and that for this purpose a reasonable amount be appropriated annuiiliy as an insurance fund. It is also proposed, so far a< it is practicable, that the fishery business of the Company sbuU be carried on upon the basis of shares, the Company furnishing the vessels, fishing boats, and all such other requirements as may be in con- formity with the general practice on tiie coast in that respect, in which case there will only be the cost of outfit. The Directors do not at present propose to work or develope any of the •itensive salt springs, peat bogs, shell marl or any of the stone quarries or iron ore known to exist ,mi tlic Island ; but they contomphitc that as soon ns po.ssihle a proper geological ex.-iniination and survey be made of the whole Island, which, they have no doubt whatever, will lead to the discovery of valuable deposits of minerals. The general character and formation of rocks has already been pronounced by experienced geologists to be similar to some of the most valuable mineral producing countries in the world. It will thus be observed that the Directors propose to confine their operations in the first instance to ooUiniz.itioii, lumbering, fishing and general trade and commerce j and they have every reason to believe that 'when the Company is properly organized anJ the proposed works on the Island are in full operation, with roads opened up throughout, — with telegraphic and ttCMmboat accommodation and communication with the mainland all the year — with proper and safe harbours, — with saw and grist mills — townt suitably laid out, «ud the necessary b>>sinc,ss buildings, churches, school-houses, liospitals and cottages erected, — together with a fleet of fishiiig vessels and bouts — all uader tlie direction and management ol competent persons with business experience and judgment, that direct and indirect remunerative employment will be aft'orded to a population of about 15,000 of various oc- cupations and callings on the Lsland. It is confidently expected that tha leveral proposed operations will yield a nctt reveimo of at least from 15 to 18 per cent, on the capital stock of the Company. Besides which, it may be •afely calculated that the real properly of the Island, with all these improvft- uenU, will have an intrinsic value equal to double the amount oi the eapital LtodtuA FotMU. Trada tad CommtrM. Flihery ftnd NaTlgfttioa. L«g^ JtfMMr. KtflatnUoa. 10 V eCan 1 acTo" tl.e pcniD,,ula of Nov. Scoti«, mil shorten the d.stuooe EeenTntico li and Boston and New York by water, over tOO u.ilc. Tr^rmrcd to run a .c,ni-n,o>al,ly Hue "^ «'«^""« /^"^T ^^ ,n 'v« Chicago durij the season of navi^^.tion, Tvith cargoes ofi.h and to take ^turfctrco or floiu :md provisions for the supply ol he l.shcnucn and !l fn^ri U « 11 he ohsorvod that by establishing such a lino, the Company " M hV'a We to hv dcm. a t a pla/e, a barrel oV fish at least $2 les« than i bSoo or >y X'r l.lau.ii porl frou. .hich the Great WcBt gejs Us rre"ent suPpUes o^f fi.h ; the san.e is equally applieable to the supply of Troves onsfotle fishermen. And while upon the subject of navg.tun,, the IHreeto." c nU but a.tach ^v.-at in>portance to the fact that comu.un.cat.on Snbl kept open by stean.i,' between the Island and the mainland during '^\rir^also"ontemplated to lay a Submarine Cable from the Island, to nJ.t w th h Mainland Tek-Maphio system at Cape de RosiorH, or some Xr poi" on he c ai of Ga.spJ '!"'«''?"" to doubt. fhaUhg wil^be attended there .ilh similar results. Vith » J^-;''! <;i°-- iation and commercial policy, and an nceasing I-P" '^';';" '" .^jj ^k induBtrvaml enterprise, to prosecute its ievelopments ; the Uiiectors looK forSat no dist-,uu d'av, to see the Island of Antieosti with a flourishing population of at least 50,(100 to lOO.OOa ., , , , , , ,, ^ -.^ ^ Reference may here bo made to Prmco Edward Island the uain xe.ource8 of which were, as they still are, Ag.uiulU.rc and iishericB and the cUa.=>te of which is in no degree better, while the F-l'^";; ^j'^^^^f'' ^"^ comparison with those around Anticosti, independent altogether ot the oTe^r manifold and varied resources and the larger territory ''f AnU o tu ThenoDulationofP.K. Island in 1797 was only about 4,600, and the ^■n'usTetu ns of 1S71 give it upwards of 91,000. The following state- Lnt of the former census takin|;s of the Island, shew, b"- .apully tho increase of population has attained ^^V^^^'i'l' IT^-'^'ZiZ^ii^: n «tood 23,266 ; in 1833,3:2,292; u. 1841, 4.,0,M; u. S5.^ 71,*.K., i> Si. 80,857, and in 1871, 9-1,021, king over 41 inhabitants to each square mile. When we consider the w.nt ol ,ut|r-e.muiu.Micat.on whioh .iist..d during fully half a century while this poi-ulation was incrcamng so ,S dily, what will now be the result in favou.;of An.,eo„t. ^'ti'l'* »-«»;, complete system of navigation and ■"ti|-'-'7''"""''«^'''«V'^y f ^'.fPV Bailwaye, &c., now earricd on in the St. Lawrence and the Ma itime P?ovinL;? The effects of the early period of thi.s ^J^'-' f'^^ IsS npparent on looking at the fo.egoing figures, the poimlainm ot 1 • 1^ If'^, h^a?ing doubled within the last 30 years. A.a.n "l^'i'l^e '-ev. ',ue ol the vear 184.1 was only »:)7,3I0, ihat ot the >e.it 1871 was »302,bJi. ' ^ As an Investment, 'the Anticosti Company offers to Capit^ilists, ««oh »dvantagcB aB m,.y safely be considered superior to most enterprises. In Bupport of this view, the l)irectors in conclusion, umte a careful consideration of the facts set forth in the several statements and repor s, and ot the maps of the Island appended hereto, which have been °^'f »">/"«.""'' '"""J Mtuiil pe«onal inspection and observation of the Island, by scientific and oompetCDt ftuthorities. . ma i l I ■ u liiiii U'W I 'l 'l' "" " 11 All informatioD in oonneotion with the Compnry will be furuished on •pplioation it the Company's office in Montreal, And other oommuDioations to the Company, must be addressed to the Secretary . APPENDIX A. TO THE CONFIDENTIAL PROSPECTUS, Bbbwinq the Estimates proposed to be made Tor Porninnont ImproTemsDta and Working Capital of the Anticosti Conipfmy, with the view to the successful development of the many valuable resources of the Island of Anticosti. The proposed Capital Stock of the Company For purchase of the whole Island (in fee simple) " Improvement of Harliors at Ellis Bay and Fox Bay, with Ducks, Patent Slip and Shipyard,. , " Building 150 miles of Roudn thninjiliout the Island, together with planting 'IVIegraph Tolfs on same, at $400 pur mile " Brecting BOO Log Houses for Settlor* along tlie Road, f35 eacii " Clearing 5 Acres to laoh 100 Acre farm along tlic road total, 2,.'")()0 Acres, at $10 per Acre " Telegraph Wire, 300 miles, with apparatus " 48 miles Sub-niariuo Cable, at $1,000 per mile complete " Buildings requisite fur carrying on the business of the Company on the Island, >iiy " 2 Saw Mills, w'itli Planing, Sasli and Door Machinery " 2 Grist Slills for the use and enmuragenient rationu.| " Amuuot appropriated for banking purposes, say.. ■' " working capital ! r 1,900,000 75,000 80,000 12,500 ■J5,0ni) 10,000 •15,000 35,000 10.000 (i.OOO 3.000 18,750 •.!2,500 H.ono 5,000 7,500 S,000 ■.;ii,ooo io(»,o()n 105,000 25,000 10,000 3,250 120,1100 12,500 30,000 15,000 100,000 120,000 $2,600,000 $2,500,000 |||t,800,0M » TO THE CONFIDENTIAL PROSPEC Statemknt shewinf; the Estimated Ex Db. To interest oa Cajjital Slock of the Comiiany, |2,500,000, at 15 per cent ;•• Appropriation for lasurauce Vunils against Piro and Marine. Bstiuiated Expenses of Chief Office Salary of General Manager on Island Do. Do. Do. D... Treasurer Secretary Legal Adviser ■ • • Buperintcndent of Lands and Forests. (Land Ijurveyor) ■ • ■ Buporintendcnt of Fishery and Navigation (Marine Captain) Superintendent of Trade and Commerce (Merciiant) Auditor, ft ,090 ; Ist Honkkicp^r, ^750 ; 2nd Bookkeeper, $800 1st Clerk, 1750; 8nd Clerk, |600 ; 3rd Clerk, $400 Uegistriir Hnperiulendent of Hospital, (Medical Man) Miister Shipbuilder Architect and DraughtsMiiin ft Foiemen for Fishing Stations, 1 for eaih, $t00 eacli 5 Watchmen (to act as Police), $300 each 15 Salesmen, at an average of $400 each Maintenance of 150 young men from the age of 12 to 13 years, required tor the |):ickiiigof fi'li and other purposes, at $100 each Expenses of running 5 steamers, tstiinatcd Do. sailing 7 schooners, do. 85 BUoreraen, including Lurahermcn, $210 each Appropriation for Survey and Exploration Do. Maintenance of Scho( 's, etc Expenses of Printing Office • • ■ Do. Working Grist and Sawmills and I-oimdry Unforeseen Expenses To bklsDce in favour of ope>-..tions on the Island Do. Do. Ho. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. 375000 12500 4500 ;i500 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2350 1750 1000 1000 1000 1000 2000 1500 00 00 00 00 00 oo 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fiOOO 00 • ."lOOO 22500 5000 i 8400 li 7500 I 1.500 ;■ 1500 10500 10000 , 00750 ll$579750 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 , ^=«UW^^*W'.-T^'-^-5|^)pijfl(PlW ■KPVttMHaMf* l«ll»«»«(««»I"'- IS r>ix B. TVS OF THE AXnCOSTl COMPAXV. penditure and Revenue for one year. Cr. By average catch of 500 boRt», say 90 cwt. of Codfish each. , Total, 45,000 cwt. ; of which one-half nett amounts to // 39ft^0 cwt., at $3 Estimated yiold of Cod Oil, say 40 gal. to each boat, or a total yield of 80,000 gal. oil, at 50 cts. per gallon Profit on Shipment of 45,000 cwt. Codfish, at $1 per cwt. . . Codfish tongues and soundfc, 1 bbl. to each boat; 500 bbls. at 17 ... Roe (or fish eggs) Pieh offal manufactured into manure, 10 cwt. to each boat; total, 5,000 cwt., at |2 per cwt The yield of 4 Whale or Seal Steamers, say 250 bbls. whale oil to each, 1,000 bbls. (being estimated one- half of grand total) at $30 The average! catch of Seal, 120,000 ; of which the Com- pany's share will be 00,000, at $3.50 each The yield of 5 Mackerel Schooners, (750 bbls. each) 3,750 bbls. J Company's share, 1,875 bbls., at $13 15,000 bbls. Herrings ; nett, $3 each Nett yield of other fish cured and pickled, say Rent of 75 Cottages at an average of $50 each Do. 150 do. do. 30 Gorernment Sureties, say $100,000 at 6 per cent Estimated Nett proceeds from Orist Mill and Foundry. . . . Do. Saw Mills and Timber Do. Mail and Passenger Steamer and 2 Trading Schooner* K*tt profit on sales of Merchandise, the amount of $150,000, at an average of 20 per cent Nett proc«edt from the Chicago Line of Propallen . ... From the above estimate of Expenditure and Revenue, it will b« observed that there remains a balance in favour of operations, after paying 15 per cent, on the Capital Stock of th« Company, of.~ ^^. «7500 10000 ^000 3500 7500 10000 30000 210000 22500 50000 15000 8760 4500 eooo 7500 80000 7000 80000 20000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 - s/ t6T97S0 if^tno 00 00 X I VUi pit* «. ad 70. 14 APPENDIX C. ro TBE poNFinnNriAL pROsrr.cTus of thk akticosti company KxTRAOTS from the Anuual Rejiort, of the Department of Marine «Bd Fislieriej for year ending aOtli .liino, 1870. by the Flon. P. Mitchell, Minister of Marino and Fiphcrici", dated at Oltiwa, Slsl December, 1870: " viT.rit OP Tisii pnooncTS." " The annual inereafie of yield and CDhancad value of the produce from •' our Figherios shew how rapid and cstensivc lias been their development. " Without reckoning at all the cateh of Foreigners, the actual value for " eiportfttion of the produce of our waters in the Confoderated ProvinoeB " now exceeds seven millions of dollars (»7,000,000), nearly doubling in " ten years." " The labour and capital engaged in them have correspondingly increased. "' A few years more of efficient protection to the inshore and inland " Fisheries of Canada, as well from domestic injury as against intrusion by " foreigners, will, doubtless, favour the further development of this vahiabU " resource." " EXTEKT & IKTniNSIC VAIUR OF THB BRITISH NOnTII AMKRICAJI riSHEBIES. " There is no country in the world poascssing finer Fisheries than " British North Americi. As a national po°so.ssion they are inestimable, ■' and us a field for industry and enterprise they are inexhaustible. Besidea " their general importance to the country as a source of maritime wealth " and commerce, they also possess a special value to the inhabitants. The " great variety and superior ([uality of the fish products of the sea and " inland waters of these Colonies afford ii nutritious and economic food " admirably adapted to the domestic wants of their mixed and laborious " population. They uro also in other rc,spei,ls specially valuable to such of " our people a.^ are engaged in maritime pursuits either as a distinct " industry or combined with agriculture. The principal localities in which " fi.shing is carried on do not usually present conditions favourable to " husbandry. They arc limited in extent and fertility, aud are subject to " certain climatic disadvantages. The prolific n:ituro of the adjacent " waters and the convenience of the undisturbed use are a necessary " compensation for defects of soil and climate. On such ground alone, the " sea and inland Fisherief, to which British subjects have claims on this " Continent, are of pcculinr v.ilue, and as regards particular sections of the " country, the benefits of sulo privilege of fishing are, practically speaking, " an almost vital necessity." " Whether therefore, we regard them as being abundani and important " for domestic subsistence, or in their much larger import as a valuable '• resouloe, capable of ever iiioroasing development and limitlcM reproduo- " tion, employing an amount of taiiital reckoned by many millions of " dollars, and engaging the labours of hundreds of thousands of person*; '• encournf iag maritime pursuits; fostering the commercial miftiue; pro- '• moting foreign trade ; keeping always and productively in .active training " an indepcudunt, spirited class of sea -faring men, — the teeming waters " around the ceasts of the British North American possessions and thoie " which form the great lakes and raaguificaut rivori*, present to onr view a " national property richer and more perpetual than any mere monied " eatimstion oould express," " Ik ii in the highest degree gratifying to ind that British subject! are " l)eooiniiig ever/ year i&ore and more ahve to their vait importasM, aatl I ?8 " Ihat Onadians etipeoially »ra now more tbaa ever .nxloas to |/NMrr« " them M tlie finest material portioa of our Colonial heritage." '• The fftotof foreign nations liavinj; always clung with such tenao'ty to " everj right and common liberty which they have been euablci to aeoure " in thoic Fisl'cries, and \ le eagerness which foreigners manifest to " establish themselves in the actual uic of such extensive and luerative " privileges constitute the best ectriusic evidence of the widc-spiaading " iDfltence of their possession and the strongest testimony to their indui- " trial and commercial worth." " VALUE or Fiaa cacoht bt British and American risBBRMCit." " The aggregate value of the fish produeta of the Provincial Fisheriei it " nearly seventeen million dollars ($17,000,000), and it is ausoeptible of " beiiig increased to a very much gveater value." "Americans employ — tonnage varying — between eight and eleven hundred " vessels in these Fisheries. Their estimated annual oatoh, chiefly within " the three mile limit, is valued at about eight milliooR of dollars " ^88,000,000). The probable value of capital embarked in carrying on " the inshore Fisheries is computed at nine millions of dollars ($9,000,000) ; " thus making a total interest of some seventeen millions of doUan " ($17,000,000). APPENDIX "0" TO THE ABOVE REPORT. QUANTJTT AXD TIILD. 4,587 111,000 816,005 550 85,254 128.303 18,180 14,866 l.OflO loe 1,584 8e9,b09 92,618 6,214 820 858,000 297,826 bbU. Salmon cant do lbs. do smoked Salmon bbls. Mackerel do. Herrings boxes smoked Herrings. bbls. Alewives do. Eels do. Trout do. Halibut quintals Cod do. Scale Fish bb!i. Shad do. Smelt can Lobstert _ .. . gaU, Oil Total . $1S ^ bbl. 16e, f can 12*0. W lb. 11 each $13 ^ bbl. $4 do. 76c. f box $3 ^ bbl. $8 do. $8 do. $6 do. $H ? qi. $3i d». $9 ^ bbl. $4 dii. 15c. 1^ can 45c. ^ gal. VroTlaMorVai SooHa. VU* psgft soil 68,505 16,650 39,500 560 1,023,048 498,568 0,885 50,281 8,480 816 9,204 1,699,188 328,795 65,926 8,280 82,950 183,798 $4,019,424 00 00 «8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2S so 00 00 00 70 27 "The pricei upon which these Beturns are based are rathsr below th« average ootained la our own market." " la order to get at the real value of this branch of trade to the country, the prices ebtained by the exporter in foreign markets, less the expense of exportation, should be adopted, in which case the value of the fish would be very much greater. The increase in the catch of Mackerel over last year amount* to 88,679 barrel*, the value of which would be nearly half a miUion cf dollar*." (Signed.) "P. MITCHELL, "MmitkT qfJUariM and Fithtrut, "DiFAXTMiNT or Marine amp Fhrxbih, ) "FitHKtiss Bmamcb, Ottawa, 1870." ( Ctrtifttd. (Signed,) W. T. WHITOHBR. i APPENDIX D. IlBTXT»Ne OF FISHINO STATIONS For y«ar h.. j' " " Haddock " " Ling ■• « Mackcral " brli. Herrings.,.. •' bzi. Smoked ■< . •• brli. Halibut " " Salmon " " Trout ■• •• Ec)i " r^edtongueikS'ndc •• Qalr Seal Oil... " " Whale Oil. II II Porpoias Oil. " Ood Oil Tor Itaaure, Barrtla of Herringa " Capelift. " Smelt... •I Codroen.. 2 100 77 17 199 64 I 20 :U3 fH IS 804 448 366 .'41 90« 316 411 168 44 68 31 coumv of Connty of 33 1,347 921 160 2,584 1,163 9 8 8 1S2 33 2,666 19,033 4,472 3,178 12,560 10,4t3 124 144 10,039 30 S 15,.'i95 161 33 107 12,380 2,236 '""'in 1 10 15 11,827 1,000 7,362 260 14 264 1,932 4,286 CO 5 92,071 60 "988 3,328 197 460 34 IS 477 361 166 973 S7T 18 24 aa 34 40 B,958 16 60 8S 16,663 1,711 1S7 3 1*,000 111 92,381 300 200 604 6,341 68,S»T 84 3,B58 ""io4 1,180 5S IT 6,808 S4,4T« »T 188 going 11 wlUb. notic»\ tl..t while AMioitll l.a.l "n'' J*""' "'"•-H.^tMi'JiiS •rrom th* fotti ■UBbw of bo«t« wtl finhemnn >• uiipe, "• ">;•■ "■ ■- "" T*--,-J,- ,,:;" or.t.it laaXj »nd prlmlUi *^sssi";s^:rB^;r;rof'r.fo«rFi;cr»?Ko^ P«g» Ifi htreof. IXTBAOT from Report of khe Minister of Marine and Fi.heriei for jwr toSOt'hJuue, 1871. , «r • j Commander Lavoie, in \n, report to the Minister "f M"'" "J FLheriei, after referring to the number of people settling on th* laland for th« purpose of Bshing, being so much on the increase .rerj »•".«?<». in spit* of prohibitory laws, the large number of fo"'S°.'«"*^,." ?J*'°K tbei« from time to time and fishing within forbidden l>n»tf, •« rwnuneratiTe ii this pursuit around these shores; proceeds to "T ;- V^* " ftih,ithioh generally f.Uow the spring herring, (this fl»h constituting tb«tf 17 " principal foo!■ Antieo^ti, Co'ituio of " Monin. ly, and Kruini: ot Jersey, 'fhi rmiiihcr of tioal.s enj^a^ed " fishinj; Ihi-' year was ninety. Kishinu' was inoii abundant ihi, seisou, the " yield bein.; reekon-'d at 9,.i00 (juintals ot'cod. About 90 fi-hernien from " (Ja.-'pu, who Went taled by him to bo tound in lar;:e ijuaiitities around the lahiiid. This tidiery is mostly earriecl o-i Ijy lort-inii vessels ;ind with bottom or bultow lim >. The lueal ti- al.le repoit .m liic f'eutnri^ ami ri Konms nl' iIih long neglected portion of British Nortli Americ;a ha.- I.een kindly fiirnished l)yMr. Couper, the ilistiiiitnisliml <';ina ii m N'atiiraii-t. win. lias durimr the past two' or three seasoll^ deyoted liis i.ttenti.in to the proihulions of tlie ifland, ami its tradini; farilities. The report itself is iu[)l,ne with inlen'st, and eontains facts which h:ive never liefure heeii submitteil to the piiMie. For our own part we are surpris cl to learn that the island is no rich in resources, and there can be little doubt, ai'tir (he thorough examiuition that has been made, the results of whieh are condensed in w' ,• i'ol ows, th it the Compmiy have made a good barj^ain in the piiiehuse o. me Island.'' "■There is no doubt in my mind tlial an industrious maritime as well as an ngricultnrul population would do well on Antieosti, there being many localities on the Island extremely rich lor the production of cereals ijcntrally raised in northern cliimites, and root crops, sjch as jiotatoes, turnips', carrots, onioDP. radishes, lettuce. Ac.,— in fact, for the cultivation of any "ardeu vegetable. The«e, in i-onneciion with its unsurpassed salmon, tron?, cod, halibut and maclurel tisheiies, u« well as an aKumlaiice of loli...ti r in their season, make the Ishiml more advantasjeons, indeed, oiler "reater iMciJ. ities for the uccumuhition of the needful than appears to me to lie derived by people residing in more southern localities in the .Maritime Provinces. " "On my late visit lo Fo\ Bay, .\nlicosti, ahoiit the middle of .June last, I was astonished to lind limoiny and clover in :i wiid stale, rival!, ug in growth any of the grasses oec.irriiig in the neigh'ioiirhood of (Quebec or Montreal. White clover occur.- in a wihl state from Mingan westward on the north shore of the St. Lawrence. This excellent honey producing plant, if extcnaively cul- tivated on Antieosti, would, when the Island is peopled, and the hcney l)ee introduced, be another natural sourceof prolit, and 1 leally hope that I will 3*t!ee in the windows I'f our city gtore« labels iuforiniLg the citizena that tbey have " Antieosti Honey'' for »ale. 18 " 'A truppcr nnmf.d Hebcrt, who has resided for mfiny yenrn in the uboT* named Bay, pninti'*! out to mc a rloareil spot In front of his house, in wliirh he prii(turi'rl cxrillciit potntocg which Imvi- nevrr been known to tic sul)- jectfil to ilisoasi'. iinil. in faet, all the vefjctat)lcs licfore montioneil. At * •hort ilistiincc, norlh I'lor . house, will liefoiinil oncof the most dolightful wild rose piitrlic'' in tlu' DMininion of Canada. "'At tliu time cil my \\A\, tin tiinpenitnrc ranged from fiO ' to 80', liiit the di'linhlful ritVesliinf,' winds from seawunl served to reduce the heat, makinj; the ntnMspliere pleasant. Uain is not of common ocoirrence, and thnn liT "tnrins ure rare ; no doulit, in tlie present umlraineil condition of many pipiiinnsiif ilie intiTior. some evaporallons nerur durinir ttie warmest days ofsuoimer, tiut there is nothing nnliealthy nor of a niiasniatio nature in the Island of .\iiiiiOsti. The only had atmosphere arises from the dcc.oin- ponition of ,sca-wiid, commonly called kelp (.l/jdc), thrown up liy the sea, comhiued with ti-li offal ace imiil iiin;; durin;^ the lishing season in the Hay» and aloni; the con^t, lint if iii.'riculture wa« carried on, a better manure cannot lie found. Wlien salt water ii/;y occujiy during the lishing season. Quite a commotion was created when they learned that the Island had been Bold to a Company. It was evident that the greater portion of these peo|)le would become permanent settlers if they could be assured of obtaining good titles for locations. Presuming, therefore, that the .1.000 now engaged ID the lisheries of the Island, were offered a good title, they would, with their families, become permanent settlers of the Islancl, and, say — live members to each family— would give a population of '^5,000 (twenty-five thousand) fouls, which may be accomplished inside of one year. This important fact ■hould not be lost sight of, not only as regards the material importance to the Company, but to the Dominion at large ; the Island of Anticosti, possessing at it does, the key of the St. Lawrence, and the best fisheries in American waters. " 'The formation of all localities visiteil by me, consisted of limestone on the coast, and as far as I hail gone into the interior, but there generally occurs a depth ot about four and a half feet of dark loamy soil, which, if mixed with tea weeds and decomposed fish, would make excellent land tor the produce of almost any vegetation. " 'Fossils occur in extraordinary numbers, in fact they are met with from "West Point to East Point, and specimens of Zoophyta, Bryotoa, Jlrathiapoda, 19 iMnieUihranrhinta, with occasionnl form* of Artwulata mny be found throuKliout tilt' vvliole Islitnd. Then; ix nn a^ present found on both the north and south sliores of tlie Gulf It also wants many ol the I,alinuh>rian (luadrupctls, such as the Curiliou, IJeavcr, I'orcupinc, Wolf Lynx, Uats ami Squirrels. Hut the Otter, Hill Kox, with lilaek and silvi'r fl'">' varieties, lire not nncommnn. T.ie Uliick Hear appears to hold its own on the Island at present. Thii animal is never hunted in the interior; in fact, no hunter leaves the coast durini; suiiiiner. Hunger. Iheretorc. compels the h^ars to seek foot! on the sea-bonrd wiiich they visit in open day ; feeding on lishea and such other murine forms thrown up liy the si a. [ may here remark thiit thiire is a noticeidile peculiarity aiioiit the Island hear, the colour of the iiosc and pawi are retldisli, arising fioin their continued contact with salt water. I liavo reasoa to believe that both thi; bear and fox to be met with on the island at this day, were, at some former time iutroducetl probably by the early Aborigines, wli.' were in the habit of frequenting the Ishuid to hunt the seal, Ac. it is probable, however, that the animiil.- heretofore named could easily be acclimatized on Aniicosti. I am informed that Mi.ik is mci with, but not ■ibnndaiitly, on the eastern p'.'tion of the Island. " •Hegarding the Ibrests of ..miiosti, the higher portiong of the hind and the bunks of the rivers are deusi u .-ludded with trees of spruce, tir, taniarac, pine, juniper, ash, mountain itoii or rowan, poplar, red and white birch and high crawberry. These trees, as tar us I could see, were of sizes tit for what are termed " saw-logs," and I have no doubt that a fjreat quantity could be selected of the very best kind for cutting into lumber suitable for the American market and for railroad slcepe-s. I .judge this from trees seen standing in the neighboiirluiod of Kox Bay, and the size of logs funning tho houses of hunters uuii lisliermcn. The majority of plants are remarkalily similar to those found in .he Province of Quebec ; and such is also the case with the butlerflies and moths, the former, with the exc.eptiim of two species, rtie identical with those found near the cities of Muutreai and Quebec. Considering these facts ciitoniologically, I should imagine that the average lowest degree ot cold iu the neighbourhood of Fox 13ay woulil not fall much uiuler that of the former city. " 'I may here take the liberty to speak of a subject which I believe the Company has under consideration; namely — the erection of a dock-yard or hydraulic apparatus for the ci.nvtMience of vessels. An institution of this kind would be a great boon to the owners of ships wrccketl or otherwise disabled on uny part oi the Island. An instance of this kind was illustrated iu the wreck of the ' Hoyal Charter" iu Fox Bay this Sp'ing. This ship could have been platformed and taken off the reef at a trifling expense, and refitted to lier former strength, provided that a convenient place could be reached, but to do so, iu connection with towage it wus calculate. I that to take her to Quebec would cost at least $7,000 ; therefore, I doubt not, that the erection of an institution of this kind on Anticostl, would be the saving of niiiiiy a irood ship which heretofott and now, has to be burnt ou account of Uie dlBt . .ce from a dockyard. " 'The foregoing remarks relative to the Island of Auticostdarc given with all sincerity. I believe that I have touched on almost every subject and object in connection with the Island witiiin my knowledge, with the exception of giving a catalogue of the butterflies found on the Island, which politically would serve to show their similarity with those found near the 5 ' mCllRAsr.tl PHOM( T 20 cities of Qu<'li.v *ik1 Mnntr.-iil An interMtiiiji piper on tin* l.ninrh of tlio Niittiinl Hi»lorv (.fllii; Island will If |)«l>liahemciloi?ist,' I luli.-vi' thut Antirn«ti. to ii grcnt degree. i8 very liltl"' known, with the exrejition tif it» HuliinK groundo, rivers and InrlxnirH mid llir interior will rcnmiu wi until it is fhrroiigjily ix|>lorctl aii I'l.ANTH NBAR THIf Nor.THIIIlNMOHT fiMiT OK •niKiii rmowTn." •'Kihn,-h ii")ii im ArtMf u)mi. ihf \Uf>ii»'iHi(l frui'iiile of I'l.n.t*,' inl>Hi "'I'lie oiiliivided pliiiil.« yieW ilie isreiitecl proiiuet* ne:ir tl\o oortliem- in.*| iiiiiii in whii-h ilnV will 'jrow. " 1 have liceu I.Tcihl)' iuipresned with tliiit fad, from obwrving iho pro- auctions ol' tlie v;iriou'< pbint.i whieh are eultivatrd for food or clothing in tlie I'liited Staled. Tlie lollowini.' iiistanees will i;o far t.r e^laWinh tlio principle, viz. : — •■ The lint ,.lants tl.ix. hemp, &.e., are euUivated tliroiigli a great eit*"!!! <.fi.ditu.le. liul Iheir hark, in the Southern eliniatoe. is harsh and brittle. A warm eliiiiale I'orcts lhe.-<- plants fo rapidly into maturity, that the lint (loen not acpiire either eon.tidlency or tenacity. We must 1:0 far north in Kuiope, oven 1.1 ill,, li.iliic, to find these plants in perfection, and their products lery ineichaMtal.lo. Ireland is rather an exception a.< to latitude, but the iiiflueiiee of llie .«uii is so cffeetually eounterneted there by moiBlure «nd expo.Hure to the sea air, that it is alwavh e.ool ; hence the flax sod potatoe arrive at such (icrfcelinn in that rcnioii. •• Wheat is a mon- certain crop in New York, the iiortliorn port of Pennsylvania and (lliio, and in the Baltic re^rions of Kuropc, than in the Bonlh either of Kiifp.' or .\iiierioa. In the north cnowc aecumuiate, and not only piolool it from the winter cnld.^ hut froiu the weevil, Ilpgsiaii flv. ,,nd other in.-eet.- that invade it ; ani in the sprin;.' it is i.ot f()fccd too r.'ipidlv into head, ttillemt lime to mature lully nnd concoct its firina. ••A colli climale also aids the inanul'aeiuiins.' of flour, pres.rviiij; it from Mci.lilv. an.l enahl.s us to keep it Ion.', either f..r a good market, or to meet 'seaieities ami emer-ieneies. Oits ..tow in almost every .-..untry ; hut it is norlheni r.'.;i"ns only or very moist and elev.iled traet.s, that they fill with I'Miiin suilalile lov human sustenane.-. Ily.'. h li-y, buckwheat, millet m-l o.hcr -uimif.r.i is plant.s, nii-ht be adlu.i.'d to illuslrato the above priueiplc. ;' .r all ihei.- habita re.juire a more leiriherri iatuud.i than is u.'ee.-sarv 10 iliei. n ere i-'rowth. •' The irniBSes are proverbially in perfection only in northern and oool re-ioiis. although tliev will i.'row everywhere. It is in the north alone that we raise animals from meadows, and arc enabled to k.ep th.;ni fat and iu good condition, from buy and grass alone, without grain. It la there the "rasscs nw(uiro a succulence and consistency enough not only to mature auimals, but to uiuke the richest butter and oheese that contribute BO much to the tables of the luxurious. The grasses, which olten in the Bouth grow large enough, are without richness and nutriment; in hay they have no substaiiee, and when green are too washy to fatten animals ; the conscfiuenco is, most animals in those latitudes browse from oeoeseity, end are poor and without size or beauty. It is the same hot sun which forces them to a rapid fructification before they have had time to oonooot their juices. The sugarcane prodnoej, perhaps, better where it never 21 voed* than in ih« tropica , for tiio juice* will aever ripen to .in to f^^fannUte, until checked by frost or t'ruelifiaition. In thp tropics, the o»nc growl twenty months luforc tlio juices ripen, and then the culm has oontraot«d a woody, filirou'' i|uality to such a dojrroo a« to resist the prcMureof the mill*, and yield:- Imt little juice, nnd that to an innn-aiod effort. In Lou linn: , wi- ,ucc. ed vi-ll with the iu^ar culture, becauBC. while the cnlm is aucouliMil iiiid tciider, n white frost cheokx the prowth, ripens th« juices, Hnd in Hm; Uioiilli:' ;.'iviw u* ;\ culm, tender, full of juice, easy to press, and yielding' uincli tjraiii of suij.ir. Wh.;n Louisiana, therefore, acquires all the Mccossnrv skill, jhc will most probnbiy fjjrow this article cheaper than the West lu.lios. " Tobacco is a soutiicrn pliint. but there it is always lipht and chaffy ; and althou),;!) often well-ft ivourcd, it never gains that strong narootio quality which is ilfi only peculiar property, unlcNs you grow it as far north its Virjiinia. In the soiith, the licat uufolds its bud or germ too soon, forces into full cxpunKion the leaf, aud drives it to seed licfore the narootio quality can be properly olaboratod. We may assert a general rule, applicable to all annual plants, lli.it neither the root nor the leaf acquires any fur., er siae or substance after fructi8cation. " The tuberose, bulbous and other roo's cultivated for human and iininial subsistonce, are siniiLirly affected by climate, and manifest habita ill corroboration of tlio above principle. The Irish potato, although from or near tliu tropios, will not come to perfection but in northern or oool countries, or in moist, insular situations, as Ireland. It is in such climates alone, thai its roots nc((uire a farinaceous consistence, and have aiie, flavour aiirl nutriment onoujrh to support in the oininont w,iy in which they arcsu.-ieoptiblc, animal life. In the south, a forcing sun brioL'S the potato to fructificatiim before the roots have had titne to attain their proper size, or rii>en into the prnjwr qualities for nouristhinent. In Ireland, the plant grows slow, through a lonj; and cool season, giving time for its juices to be elaborated and properly digested ; hence that tine furina and fiavoar which characterizes them. The sweet potato produoos larger, better flavoured and more numerous roots in Carolina, whore it never flowers, Ihnn in llm West Indies. In the latter place, this plant runs wild, covers the whole face of the earth with its vines, and is so taken up with luakiikg foliage, tliat tlie root becomes neglected, aud is suiail and woody. In order to have the onion in perfection, it must grow through two years, swellintr all the lime its bulbs. In the south, however, it seeds in one year, ana before it has made much f'ulb. Beets, carrot^, par.'.n'ps, turnips, radishes and other roots tire Mjually nffcoted by a hot sun, and scarcely worth cultivating fur to the south. They all fructify before they have formed jievfect roots, and make foliage at the expense of thoir bulbs j henoe they will always be articles ot eotnincree. The south will have to depend upon the north fur them. " The salad plants are in like manner affected by climate, and give further prooi's of (mr assumption. Cabbages, lettuces, endive, oellery, spinage — plants whose leaves only are eaten — to protect their leaves f ...a cold (through a kind of instinct), wrap them up in leaves which form heads, and render many of their other parts tender and crisp for use. These leaves, thus {)roteuted, arc not only tender, but more nutritious, because their growth las been slow and t'neir juices well digested. In the south, a relaxing sun lays opau the very buds of such plants ; gives a toughness and thinness to the leaves, and they are too unsubstantial for animal support, beoatise of such quick and rapid development. ". T1i« delicious and pulpy fruits are, in a still more striking way, ilhu- trative of our principle. The poach, nectarine, plum, apple, oherry, otir- rant, gooseberry, apricot and many other such families, are not in per I 22 feetion iu the soutli. It ie iu Pennsylvania, Virginia, Maryland, Jersey, and in tbc north of Europe ^hat we onjny tbcui, although, originally, thiy came from near tiic tropics. 'Ihe peach o*' the Oarolinas is full of lame, gum and knots, and too striujiv and forced to be jiiicy and flavoured. The apple of tho soulli is too aoiirb to be either eaten or preserved. The plum.", apriiots, i'.horrie.*(. curriints, gooseberries, &e., will not evon mature until wc go far iioitli. All the trees whii-h bear these delicious fruits will frrow luxuiiuntly in the .■■oulh, make much foliage and wood, with but little jiulp, and that unsavouiy. I he kernel in the one seeded fruit seemi to be the tii>t iibjtel of nature in southern climes, that becomes slrong, oily and enlarged ; and one (d' the peach family has so entirely neglected the pulp, thai it has only a husky matter around the kernel, as the aluiond. The ehangoahlenes.- ol' the weather in the south in th.' ^^pring season, throws plants off their guard ; the frosts attendant nn thn,«e changes destro\ the young fruit ; and it is only one year iu three that Ihe crop hits at all. The de^ieeilIell or diied state of these fruits enable.- us to enjoy them tbrouyh the year; but in Ihe south their acidity e.^.m-s them into fermenlaticin or deiou.posilion before they can he diveste'd of their aqueous parts. The climate iit the i-oulli i-. oijually against converting tbtin into eider or any otluT lerinented liquor. bee;iuse Ihe hea forces theit com- pressed juice so r.ipidly into an active fermi ntaliou, tha li ^ imol easily be checked until il passes into vinegar. I'or the same reason di.-'tillation goes on badly in hot cliniatc.-, and eainnit be cheeked long at the proper poiut to give much alei.hoi : an, sip the nectar of their juiivrs. refresh our- selves with theii Icrnniitcd beverage, stimulate our hearts with their brandies and eurdials. or hast through the winter upon the drieil or pre- served stores of iIkIi fruits, we are continually balked by the severity of a southern climate, .nid lor such enjoyuicut must look to tln^ north. '' The meleiis .ue always atfcutei.; by too great a degree of heat, even though their vims fhmri.-h >o much in southern latitudes. The forcing sun hunies thcni on to maturity before tin have attained iiueh size, or sciiuircd lliut rich sHceharine and aromitji' flavour for which t.'ey are so much esteemed. The caiilelope-melon will lot, or have its side> baked by a hot >un, before il i.-- lully formed ; and the water-melon is always woody, diy ami devoid of ii- peeiUiar ^w^.^tness and richnes" in the south. Vines have hern known Ioiuli 100 feet, and bear nomelon. It is in I'hiludelphia and its neighboiirhiio:), "Tht h.Un<\ of Arilicosti is fituuti-.J iu Ihr Kivu nmi (JulfufSt Lawjciice, ■bout f;e b.t»\,n NVwfonudladd •ndCapo Breton, or through the tint of Canso, or whetli. r running letwien Quibec and those pcrtionu of Caiuidii, .and of the l.owei rrcvimes lying upon tha Gulf of !!t Lawrence. On taking eitler .pf the .banmls formed by Auticostl, TCBfe'apaas close to thelsiai.d in i onBeiji ence of the njodeialo bttadth of the noith.in one, aLdofthe blrmig south-eait current wbich alwau runs along Ilie foutbern channel, to avoid which, and theiiok i f being driven upon I he truly dangerous C(Hiit of the bouth ebi.re of Hie gulf and liver, where, ;.)r several hundred mi,es, there i.' . > haibour or plaie < f ai eitt i for anv • luft Inrg-r than a •chooii-^r, and where for long distances, the;e is i ot one fool of beach oute-du the perpendicular clilfs to laud upon, vetnels genera ly Hand out till they n.'i.!io lUu West Poiui of Antii osti, dose to which is situated the conveniei I hnibour ^f Eilia Bay, ocenoyinga spot nearly midJi^lanle between the northern ami soutlirn banka of the St. Lawi cuce and > f . asy aei es« frc m both channels of the river. (oi.Kiderii k thHt about two tl ousand \eeiiels f.oui Eiir..|e alone will have made lli k point inthecoiufe of the piesent «eii contain in safety during a' I winds, almof-t any number . f v ssela of ,L« largest siae. Docks with a patent slip, ic;., could also be i aii y conatiiic ed there, whiih would le adniiiably situated for the lepair of v. ssela stranded ot receiving other damage throughout the Lower St. Lawrene •, most of Ihem bfCf ming I rokm up by the action of the sea, and in some cases, diemanthd bf wreckers, before they i.an uhlain assistuotc from yuebio, or the inlel igence o( thoir (oLdition can be (ouveyed thi re, wl ich port strange to tar. is the only place froin the At.'aniic to Montreal (% dittai.ce of upwards of eight hundred miles,) where vessels can be properly ovu-hauled or be supplied with tha commonest stores, mch aa anchors, ihain», sail', 4c. h'or steam tugaimployed for the n ll, f of vessels in diBtresi", Ellis Bay might also be made an excalleut ■tation,wilh the facilities ihero for procuring shelter for our sbippii g in a portioB of the St. Lawn nee, wh< re . opi.ciou id deep hsrhoor ia mora wanted than la any other p'rt of the river or gulf it is astcishing that no atteoli n kiiy.tbean directed to that spot. Thla n-gleet howe er, cannot long continue. It could be made not only a line coBim.rcittl harbour, but i Iso an excellent naral al«(io« In the moat conv> nient and central spot, for commanding with a few ateam tcimU •r gunboata, the two entrance* of the rirrr, and fur tending out itulaera UD'tb* Utter or th« teLtrt where a Ti.„ge ol inmlcrate aiaed hill«api>iar to run itj < ntire leuKth, au'l upnu the north niie to termti ate in alaep • \iS->. It in m utiy covcnii with a thii;k f test of trepB, Hlunted near tha ahoie(iikc tl o!eu|>iiu agieat purtof titi <( at) 8 <.f England anil o'oti.er lountrii'i,) bui which becuuii- niaduallf aiiier at ihiy approain the interior, and nr« leii ax posed to the inMuen e of the wjuil and »<:a. Thix ig v> ry r inarkahle upod aome of tl.u biiViJ, wh -r^' «t the i-xposed points they are vciy smal', an'l gradunlly IncreBhe in aizt' froUi I ;K'h sid" to the (■■■ntre, those ueart'Mt ttie sea being some- tinieH ijuit-! while iu iippeirance. fnin Ihe siilt which is thrown, anil uryKtallisei npon tbeiu Tt e ire. v are Bprine. lir, red atid whit«i birch, aKh, :es ( f very lliie tamoriii k, ami u| i n ihe noith xide of the Inland, Home good »iz< d pine. '•With the tan ariicU and piue growing theieaud the imnn^nse quuutitles of vulualle timber drilled upon Ihe liilaiid from Cjiicbei and i ther |>lfti e» aftar aaM rly j;iil< K, niai J ship' u. .ht l>e built iveryyi pr Like the VHliiuble una e.i at certnia paiiodr-'. wbi< h miut tt ml t') fertilize lather than to iiopovirish th<- la'ul ; sad near the ^tnllll-w^ bt po'nt time me st m * l.ir^e i-a't poiuls, wlii h, ueie labour plentiful t'.eie. nii^ht b'^ tiirne I tot. fount in the nianiilm tue of suit : a inanu- &< ture wiiii h wxnild lemiue of t oine value to a great pail of our North Aaie'ieaa fltlieiies, whidi, as wel' as the whole of L'an'.d*. are now suppUnt with salt from England or tie' Uniinl filnti * ; and for ruriui: ti^l>and piovsionu, lay suit formed from the sea ami fic'iit s^ilt \n nd.^ i^ llf im si valuable, to < oniteipieni e of there nut having bei n n sulfieient FUppli ofsultuiuu the island, an iiiiiii-nsfi quan- tity of fish < aught at AutiiMStion ii i-lieinieu at Aii'-lat, Lap- Ijrelon, were forcetl to sell mackerel at tr< ni sixpence to Icnpence a hundred '>r to see them rot Ufon the beach tiaough not Imvieg enon„'li sa't to i lire them with. This latter rirtunislHiiee 01 1 iiricd St a liiiK when niBi kerel was s'llini; at I'.i slou fur nine, tceu 1 ollars a bai ' .. Some d the Bal am > Islaidsare rns c f o I ; while the lishermcu of Uftspe frequently resort to the east end of Ihe Is and, and t»ke cod in grtal abuudaiue. " It thuaappeu's by thebe authorities. Hint on eveiy side of Antieosti valushia l>bales abound, the pni>uil ef wliiih, and seals and cod, it is not improbable eculd bu csriU'd on in winter i>s well ss iu sumu^er, were the attempt to ba pro- perly made , but without a trial the undertaking msy ever remain unjustly cOD- denined aa impoarlble. Should sucii un attem;jl be sunes^iul it would not ba the first insluiK e of ihiil b iiiu a.^ onip'i^lii d up n IritI, wlinh Iheoiy. liuiidiiy and prejudice hail long d< i laied in 1> • imi lactii uMe, tide avaiii tht* expeib nee of our noith rn tUheini. n and of th K i|ui-ii>'Ux, whr ba li ss'v • i conut' r all difficti'ties an. I < a 'a> > • * f |i|'' f< e an lift e w. lb- t ai.d wi u Ii ti rn wiitli-r •nd suuiin r, lUJKhl b,e sui > < sj-lull.ir till light to beti. " Of cud, .Mr. i.'oib t iu his slut inei.1 made to the wiiiM lemarks, that uL* boat with two good f sht rmm, cuald t cirii-on stw Hniij-iwick < tBcial ropoit alrtady ritiil, briagl forwaril an iiiBtnuii- of a fclioonir ■ ngajjul in it from Sydney, Capo Breto^ havinx i:le".re(l XU.Ci'i witliin tlnee weeks of ber bavinj? left Ibat port tet I* Anti(06li. wbere Ke;iih iilioiind nmre tbun in moht puns of the Knif, this tinhety Is at pr.-fol Klnioi-t neirlntd; the Ameiicang and otbers who resort to iM nci|fbboiirh< i)d, bcinii piindpHllv i nirni-r^ed with the still more pr.ifitahle cod «■< matki rel ti-h'-ries. Kor the ttorinn atid piescivation ef ueal. whale and cod ail, the tenipetst-j degree of bent at Anlieocti dniing the .-iiuntnT i.< i iirti' iilailf favoiiiablf. , ,■ •!_ " At the preHcnl moroMit, the mackerel ti-hory la the most Itiorativ.' out- to tM St Lawreiiee, anil is the iiiost i Ntensively purioied ; niiick.rel Nell at Hi.ttom •• an averaiie of niuet.-.n dollars a hiinei and at Halii'ax and (Juebie for a fcw dollars l.~* lloiii that sum. No \w;. of th.' linlf i.boiinds with this tish mor* than tie n^iKbl'Oiirliod of Antieo.-tl. M iiy schooners vi^it tl.e eons's of th* latt- r fr lu the Init d ,s((iiei<, tin^ Lower 1' oviufvg, and a fiW fcom (lnsp6, to carry oii this lisbery, in wl i.h they are v. ry hueecfsful. and Mr Corbet state* that the inH-keiel lie has le. n in .luly and ..\U(,-ii8t eome in siioaU no thick aad to o'oi!*! to Ih" lihore that is mauy as ivue bundled I arrela could be taken in omt haul of the II t At w boum work will ti.n* sometiiniB pay the whole ea- pen«B9 of a sehooiier during the sruson " Heirli't's, as tine as any in the w. rid, arc a« plentiful about the Island at mauker- 1 ; t ill foiii the wretch, d niai.ii r in wl icli their are . iir. d. tb' y obtain • much less iuicv in tlie nia-ket. and are then-fore, cuaiparatively neglected by the flshsriii.iu. To niMk( Ihi'^ lisle'iy as valuable as the nuickt rel, a few of the Diltoh North sia lisheimiii slionld lie eni,'aired, who would iotroduie their tnorle ol curinK, whi. h has Ic iii^ obtain, d for Dutch herrings the bigbitt prii e in every mnrki i iu llurope. l!y ailopt'nn thit mode the Suoteh lisle rmen are beginning t« compete nii.-.essiully with the forni-r "At the entrur. l^ ol all tile rivers and creeks immense quan'itits of lobstert are tbnmn up by ibe^sea ; tlie collection of which and the piesfrviug them OB ths «pot fordi.iaut innrket', or sendin:,' them iVesh in vesse's lontaining wells to «i«r home lunrket-'. miidil rnniler tbi.- lishory a very pn.lital le o.ie Kels are also Tfiy num. rous and v. ly fiio. aLd ar, eft 'n collei t d by parties of Indians who coiiie ov. r for the pari'ose tiom Minuan and who olitiin a liiRh price for them from thf Aimriciins. .Some of t'lo halibut which are found otT the coast attain the w. lu'l t of il,i'.-e or four l.undnd pounds. " The cii|iiiii. which are now merely U'ed as bait forced, are fo abundan* around tin Island that they are i-omotiir.is thrown up by the sea and i over th» shore to the depth ot two fei^t. Were they properly cured and expr rtinl, they woutil fioil lood mark ts in Kuiope, or oil oiaii excellent .|iialiiy lould be mad* fcom thi in by tb.- umple pioee.-s of boilini.;. •■ ri .' i.iiiiibei 1.1 f. ho. Ill r- wbirli resort to the shores of .\ntieoi.-ti from thd United --i^.'..-, th- I-mver l'ioviiK-.i<, and tie' Maulsb ii Islands, in pursuit of tlio ood and uiiickerel is si ^rcut that there are soiuetimes as many as ouc bundrdd vessels lisbini^ b twei n tb Kii.;! Point and Fox Bay at one time, all of which arn generally very sucTUfful. If iliige lisheries can bo eo profituble to expenfivelj itted out scliooneia (of tiom 4n to l.^iO tons), some of which i ome a distanoo o flfteni hiirdrcd miles, an I Iiave to hiin« every supply iniludini,' prjvisionsa** ■alt with them, how much more prolitablc would tlioy become to parties residhlg npon the Island, who would have their supplies upon the spot, and wJio wooH •any on their operations in boats? How important also to the latter would become the trade which might be created with the former, the sapplyinf thMB with provisions, often with flsbinft gear and with every description of marhi* itores ■. and how soon would such a trade lead to more extensive tranaactlo* !■ ■egard to the purchase of fisb upon the spot, and the disposal of it in ti* bsrt ■Hikats, and to a future trade in West Indian, South American, and Medite««Bfll« produce, olitalncd in excbanKo for fish, and being in great demand In C»nad«t ft might also lead to the gradnal rlue at different points of the Island of good sized villages, and ultimatoly of towns. Many Urge towns in various pasta of the world, which are now placeaof great wotltb, have risen from elcraenta fplto as slight as these. "Though all the rivers of Anticosti abound with the flneat saltiioB, fcw i< them are flahed to any extent, in consequence of their being but a small njt~' ,.Jij2^Ki'^: l! 27 tt MTions resldiBK upon the Island, and those who come there not being prepared ■odDot naving the right to finh in the rivers, which, with eufficient attention Hi j«dicioit« management, miKht be made almoat as valuable as the best salmon rivers in Scotlnud, for each of which a tent i» obtai-itd of from hve to fifteen ttiMeand pounds iterlin? per annum. Ihe porpoise fishery, which is siicceBafuUy wnducted at Tadousac (entrance of the SaKUcnay) could also be carried on a Anticosti at a con9lderi.ble profit, the latter bcinit as well situated for the purpose « the former. Ea.h purpi.iaa caught is worth £25 m tin- leiUb. r and oil which 'The'l.untinn upun the Island is of considerable value, though of far less tejportance than its fisheries. The animals consist of black bears, martens otters, ^the silver grey, Ihe red, the block, nnd sometimes Ihe white lox ; nil of which re very numerous, and for the skins of which excellent prices (ire realized in the ■TO veil iiuuj»;»""o, ««•• Bu. •^. - - -- . ..- i ,.,.« 1 Quebec market, the silver grey and bUnk lox felcbiur from i.15 t;. .t^O each. There are no snakes or leptiles of ai.y def.rii-tion. Orost qiittiitilies of ducks, seeae parliidgcs aud other fowl r.son to the lakes .ipi.n ihe Islaiul, someol which of a specieB iieeuliar to Kiiglaiid, and u duck culled the mumac remaius about shore all winter. It is probable that the Eid.r which Inquenls the main re funher lu.rth will be found there, in which case eider .lowii in!gbl be made wliell;er or u .. no account of ue of a species iieeiiliar to Knglaiid, and u duck called the m«H..ic remaius about jlij p),„.. ..n ..;.,... r It i.; mnliiil.l^ that the Eidtr which iTeouenls Ihr •"'•" ■bore ■ profitulile export. "Willi so many other resoiucis, it is of little C"ii«iiiieuie Anticosti sbnll In- found to possesi. vaiuable min. ri's. Tber its ever liHv ins? lieeii vi.iile.l. by a t'cloaist ; but i>.,„ ore ot tieHt ric nefls and quartiL are Ire.iUenlly net with on tli- l.-lan.l, ai.d i, .- ntiv ^..If,.• siibslanees l.ave been ditcover.d rc^elubling minemi i-nints. I'liiniUyo may alw , x'^l there as UbttS been fouii'l imiunif limestone oi a Moiilai cbanu ter to th:it ol Hk- island upon several rioUof tl.is eontineut, and Mr. NLKvuin leenth.ns haxint; lonnd free-stone there, some of it as line as w^fr el .Vyr-stone, alio some a-i .„nrse as Hriudstone The lotsiliferous liincsloi.e, wbuli exiMs in gr. al (jiianlilies upon the shoies 10 tliat hoiiMiitJil sliala, is ol so hn>- auiiiui and cjb.iir, an.l m> haul that it i»mo-t dsnvedlyclus-ed uiilertbeb.il let nmil.le. "Were this iuail>le .lU.U'.iul to anv extei.t, laiije piotlts could be ina.le by disoosini: < < it to bnildeis in the chief t.-uns ei tb.- provine, wliope ee:.li ly lU- kabitants are be^inuing to vie with .aeb oth. . in t^.e Ivauty of 'lu ir . -idences mi the style of thdr living. To tjuebec and M. nl.val il cm d eaM y be cunvey.d ..ballast. iMogveiy durable, as well a-, very I'X.uiituI, there h bile .loubt Miatweivii irought to 111. se .iii.s in any ri'iantiti, .s, it w.,uld be .^elect-d tor many pnlilic b.-il.'ing«. It l.as ,;lren,ty been usr.i f..,r .-veial bgntlons.s in the «t Lawr. uce, b.sides thote upon tb« islnnl. Both Lieutenant li.d.MjUy, R. h, who toucherl at severil parts oitlie Islan:! in l^:!!, and Sir Hie bard Uuiiycastle B. E., who landed at liie eutianoe ol .lupitei liv.r in IS41, fi.-:.k ot the value of tills ma:l»le. . , ,. . , , ... ^ "Hav ng taken pa.^sage at Uu bee, about ti.e inidcil ot ,liily, in the steamer "Wilmiigtou,'' wliich wass.id to Anticsii with the ..bjeet ot assisting a ship ■recked the prereding November about meive miles lioui l-.ilis Da/, ( »liieh had lemaiiKd tlure ev. r since almost uninjured liy the i. e or storms of an unusually •evere wiut. i ) ; Hie writer visited that Hay. «.s well as bouth West I om., three Mmes aii.l was upon the soutli side ol the Island l.u about three we. ks At KIHs Bajthe steamer ran in for shelter and Uiewood on each o.rasion, .ind upon th« iMt remain, it tliete lor three .lavs. She ancboivd about 2 miles up the Urbour, in H fathoms at low water, about a mile riistant Ir.un the shore, upon eitlier side, ■Bd a mile and a half from the head of the liny, wbi. h appeared to be Irom point «0| torn this positiw.. .V ..-, - -^ ,, ■ , ■ i «H presented. This was experienced upon ono occasion, when, in a heavy ■mtherly gale, the steamer ran in from a tremendn id a mile and a halt Irom tlie lieao oi iiie im.v, m... .. <.,.i.™.. -. . . «- ..>-■- i-—.- , Doint (Cape Henrv to (.'ape Kagle) iiom 8 t.i » miles round. Upon looking out om this position towards the sea, every appearance oi the mo-t ,_(,mi.lete scurity sea outside in which sha Jitched nearly bowsprit und.r.and anchored in wat.i alm.*t as !.niooth as a mill iond The same afternoon, a large American scboooer ran into the B-iy for fcelter and anchored nearly a mile outride of the "Wilmington' in pertecl safety. During the sevtral periods the steamer lay in this harbour, heavy winds wera — .>ei?n.i.d from every quarter, vet she rode throuKli all as cHlinly as i she had Wmoored ill irout ol yuebec ; and lu the spot vvliere she wa. uncliored, nothing Uu than such a hurricane a. would cast vessel, adrift and sink them either m the harbour of Quebec .r in the Liverpool dock., could aflect . vesael ther.. Mr. Ihunache wbo resided lor 26 year, at this Bay, informed the wriUr that th. Urbour waa perfectly sccnr. iu all wind, and at all periods ; that beside, other wMiel.. the "Sir Uichaid Jack.on" of about 600 tons burthen had 'wice laintheV. tot letina month. e«.h time, and tUa* her Captain had .aid it WM a. »»fo • #'"iiiii[iiliiiiwiiii II I liiiiiii !^. 28 '^r* :! hmrbonr «« aur li^ had ertt entered Mr GamacUa liimwlf kiiilt ti»i Tesdcln there ol a considfrahir slje. A gentlemau on board iht- ' \Vilminn(on." « member of LloTds, who hu I ( om.' out from Knirland «nd had ohartari'il ib • steamer to pro- rc d to th(^ wrirk, and who had biiMi tiirie times round the world as Citptain of an HaKt lurlia Conipiiuy's Hh'p, di'lared that he ton-id red the harbour " a molt •xielhnl oil' ;'■ kcj niu. h so. that he should on bib rem n to Knglant, make it specially linown at Lloyds .Mm h niijiht be given here in favour of Ellis Bay at a harbour. Iiu' the faci ..V sudi vessels as the " Sir Kirhard .1 ekson" having been repeatedly thei.' in all weathers, witho'it any of them liaiins? been ei^t ashore or having dra^:ge i tlieir an.'linrs. si Id be sultirii.nt Mo in^tan<:» ha-" ever occurred of a crall ot any il.s, riptio . bavin- dni;;ged her amhors or b.en injued there in any way ; and C.pt Kndolpl. s'a . d that the " Wilmington" would hrive ridden Justus Kafelv Kilb n. Piusle am hor as with two As the \inderwriter on board belon^:ing to I.loydN, r marked, ther.' are many places in Koiiland and otter countries c arryin^ on a hu;.' ■ maritime .-oinm-Tee which have not m) deep, lo ipnriouK or so Mile ft harbour as ICIlis Bay. "■n<' ■.boiei. i\ K;iis Bay loe giii- lall'y thi. k!y wooded with spru -e trees, of k beti.-i c.owti. than t'.iose near the „ a upon . thei pans of ihr Island, and on the hinhr around in the distan.- • a l-oi iI many I sM „o (I tue^ wre seen of a sUll lar).'i r size. One el the tr.>. s in h bir li c!imii|.. shicb tlie b r t.r m-^'isured fire f -et from the ground, was fil v tiv. bet in i i ciiH,r,,r,u- <•, its le ight aipearing to tie ey. to b- almost s'x y fe t. Th" buiblin.-s ol tin- lesid^i t ii,.. v.rv piettily plae.Ml II, ai . no ..| lb • Ihr. e , r four line tiout st.ruam,«. wh.'relie l.i.s s veral aerei e'ear d i.iid liivid. ,1 i.y , xirll.nl f n is, end wler.; he bai growing and looking reniaria .:y bealt .y, .v. rv des( riplioii ol v. - labb s nn I sime fine timotliv grasi. Tin- potat res tlieiewer- lookin; mor ■ sdvan. ed thin tli.v w. re at Qwhc- when the fteamer bft th- la'ter plio'.- u f,.w d ys p.eviouslv.' Tiie soU thoiig'i not Teiy ileep, is v.-iy sjood ; e..nRislin',' of a dak 1 .am with' sand aud u'rivel below; an 1 th.-re is littl.. . oiibt that il (oiiid >asl y pr. du e tbe hardier LTiin-, t> ripen whieii or even wb.at, the,-., must be .jiiite siimei nt heit: the tie niomoter on twoe.vasi nsdiinegtl \Vil ni"Kl ns slay tie r b.-in . nj bij;h a« S 1 = in the sbaje and in:,- i-i the Min, ai.d at no twne goiii^- lower tinn li tweon .ioa and 6li~ ilnrin;.' tile tbr.r w. iks f'e steam. r reMmin.'d in tlie u,.i,bb.,iirle).''d. Round the liny, many b-uuMful wild flowers were se.ii.also the sarsip.irilla plant and Ihesw. .1 p a, 'I'lie salmon troi.t in tie- rivir, near th" r.-Md.-nt's house wer! S.I nemer.iiis lliat Ib.y mi^l.l alm.st have been eiii;,'bt by ih- hand as they mnxd in Bli His iip..n being disturb d by tue sailors, whoatleinptid I i t«ke them with biiekei> IJiianiities wen- i.leain.-d and found t.i h.- d lirii.ii-i .-atiu^. A numlur of very line silinoi were also punhiseil of the Msi lent, whose assist int hnpjie.it d toeut. rill.' I'.iy with Hftyh' had list laii.-'bt in the Hen ie River in fie course of aboul ai. hour; and several laive Inhst is. w.Te token in tiie Bay and s'nt o i boar.l, Wi.at npp ar d u( e.str ..iilinarv int.n.-Nt t'l tins; on the iteamer. was the siii.i ev.rv iliiv when ili' ti.le wa> out of some 100 or 400 seuls sleeping or playing round the Bay. The Bav must be a favorite resort of theirs. A yr. at many whales, at least fiftv, were also seen between the Island and Gaspe, and several between the former snd Bii^ ; each of which must bare been worth from £iw to X-400. Both the whale and seal fisheries could be carried on murh more conveniently from Kills Bav than fiom (Ja8p6, Sic or from any other place within the 'Julf With this sheltered spot every holy on l-oard was much pl'ssed, from the eicelbtniy of in harbiur ; the' invitlnz a, -arauie of the eountiy round it; and the objects of intceat nbich wera met there. •• At ihe ,s. W p.. iht, wh.ie the steamer eoold bare run close up to the ibore, and b. .11 iii...r..l I, t),.- i;.it limeston.' nicks « liieh form complete na'ural wliiiives. li.e live i.r si.x bill diii;;s Win- m. .lispii.i.-d ii.'ai i .• ma,? nireni li„'bt- h.. line as to prr.eni .piile tlie appearan. e of a vil age Cpoii Isn lin^ liisappwir- an.e was l.ei lil.-iied. as n cumber ol lin- le l.ls ii..,iiiy ilunl.-.i |,v st.aight fcmve, in which were (j'owiii- >er luxiiriau' ly many vegetables aud gi.iiHes, . ame in view ; an 1 a horse and four tine cows »11 in ej.-.dlent . ondition, w. re seen feed- ing upon a common close by Added to these in.lications of eivili«d life were numbeis of fowls and aaveral fat pigs. Near to the iiniling place, inunenie qUBDtitics of mackerel were seen potato disease nev. r having reached the Island), and tome of whloh the writer brought to iju.bec, weighed tiiree to the pound, while others of tbl« Kwv r.Vl; 29 y«ar;i gr.-,wll,, uk^ii out of il„ gr^oanj oi. .Uh Sept. and leut to tha writer .r« «f . .till l.r«n ,„o,v„l of .1 ,^n,My H,,.. rt./ription''TheT.tfrort which .ppeftrrd ,l.,sy..«r at tbe .S.W. Point,' M.. r..p,. ^rit... "took X e on 27th Au^ tin.'".,"'" r.'^-""""' '?" "-"ighte-t inj.rr lo'potatoer- at Quebec tli r,r , . ," ';""" «•'■■•'• ./'I'" •^-x "< '»• tV.Ht about tha s,me tim- ThV wri „ pfn.|.al.Ml..l,oi,( two miVs into tho woods at S. W Point where b»fLn^lh, .0, T,My .„,, la, ,„ ,|»tiu „nn, p.-t. of Canada! ,,70.1^ , '„ "^^^^S ^J .r?. ■ . , ; ■ - llT ,""■'■'■',.'."' T""'" '""' •* • '"•t""-" "fa mile b.ok, th. and v.lnal.l. tnol.er !■, th. int,.rio,. A numl, , of lU., r. of p.,^r Harlv fin! Kra.ned tamara, k wer« pis-d „p n.ar lh« li,.|,.ho„.,., aid th" L»,^d wh ■ ■ thl thrnT.r'T;";'"' /"■";."' '■ ''' '■"'-' ■""* "' '•■"'- b*^ proved ;ormui,-tt.; tion'oVlTaW^nn,'" \^^ I'^'i''"''"-";"'' « '■" !'«« « ff"od knowledge of tl,e coa.trno- rrera tn inT I'i n"^',"",'' "'".r"'' '"■""«""' l"- • 'h->rou«h .caman upon rrlarlt.,?,r,^n ,•."'■'''■ """ •' "" "P"'-'> of £2,000, he could build . >reakw»tei upon tl,e i<-et« running out from tlio s. VV .-oint, wl l,h would render 111 1 fl , i "• ^"''*" ""''' *''"'" *• "''■'■» fWh-T cast. A. at Gllie Bay manr wild flower, and fruit and the «iisap«ill« plant wcro met with .'8 W Point' »ioned that Admiral Cotriu touched at the S. W. Point in the earlv nart of th. '"le t'o"' r?',"' ""''^' '""T- 7^"'""^' •'""" »"• I-Oand, -id"t'.rat'^.1t°couW Ian™ b.8 lies , " T'ri'"^ »1"H> can be grown in Cnada.' That much good lanri, besides those fertile lipotf which have l,een point.rl out by tlie rafion. tu w";:;i":Va;.':Vt" ;■"■"'"""'-'-". - ^'^^^^ ♦<"■. di,eo;crJb*: .™ in. writ, r le enabled to -how upon one o tha high st anthoritiei oTistin^ noon «nmli ^ 1 . "'f ",'»'»on'»IW of NVw York," who having examiaed" andidded ;;j"""""Kl"f™>",.Anti,o,fi by the writer. d .crihed them io writing and added, the specimen, indieat, the Aecurrenee of limestone beds with Xr nation, ot ehal., and the decomposition of these will furni.r. rodnc It" «« 'in , on,o,,uenee ,,f tl,. al.undanee of ealea.vou, matter. Both P o f al' and M l.ogan (now Mr Wm I.oganj expre.nsed thent-elvo, stronglv u,v,n th im^^ a ce ol (.overnm «t ni.dertakinK a thorough Keologic.l su-ve^of the Lind A .p-c,me«„ the marble .rotight from the Island ob'amed the i',tp it -at tht r. cent Provincial Kxhilution held at Quebe". ' "" "As AnMcorti belongs |..a number of persons « .me resident hi Can^.i* anH Pul 1^. n '"";.' " T "' '"■ '^^"'^<"'' "'•* "">^^ "'" GoverumJi t or soma ?>,"''', ^"""l""'.- '" CanuU or England, or one I. longing f, botW "n?r^M jhou'd ,,u,vh,s;. the Islan.l and expend sufticieut mean, in tfuoii.r tVr. ourcei oaocmn . u , he two, a company which could e., r into tinevera, under! t^Zir f '""*":'• "•""•' '••■ •''* "'"^^ «""**■"■ f"^ "'« purpose" butth; «.ld may be ma.le to eml,ra, e so many and such varied ohj-et.. that U could w.l^ *ive einploymei.t to several disti.ct ccmpanie,. It is of tl e biiheat nnTH, .mp,,r.uce , ha, the Island should not be allowed to continue in it n?e,ent ^■f ;«;,. v'i;° "•* """^"*"'' ""'""• ""' «"'"'»"«■ '^« -'"•pPinKa-d th, we. th 30 APPENDIX H. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. MR. JAMES KICIIARIJSON, ExrLoM^ AnnnEBSED to Sill WILLIAM E. LOGAN, PROviNriAL Geolo«w». Dated Ut March, 1857. ..Agreeably to -ho instrucUon. rccoWod from^.ou in Ju^^^^^^^^^^^^^ to the l..u.ui ''^\"/><=r'M'ltLrrhu"lnU month, un.l embarked tl^ it«geolof;y, 1 kit Montrenl °" ^ '^ '""'',;'''-^.,, ^u rracbtd tlu- «csten.l olAntv following day at ^"^''l^^v;!' ;',';" 'iT.ncmd un opportunity of rca.Ung costi on the tltb .luiy. Since '^ ';'";; , ,- 1,,,, i,u«.l, by Mr. UocUc pub- an article on the «'^»''''^''f ''^l,*^"' X ^ and lli^loiicd Society' ofQuetH- ffi^-j^d inrr;:."r:;^'enJitrt^ j.Mg..,..^ >> .. --' -"^ - - •'Ci;::" t-if .:^f or the i^-^nd ,>. p.;^^ z:::^:^:^^ t: nosed of peat, but th. general ^'''f !'''''" ,,',';,,, ay an.l a l\ght grey, or "weep of tl.e l.cu.y roast ^vlud. where ^-l ''j;,;Yi " , mpa a'v-=l.v ' '^^"= 'i'".^*' is stunted, beyond ,vlneh. -'P'";;',;' ''r.^ . ^H he s!d'n>.,« Kive about lour nrevails. Pine was observed in the ^■'''';> ' '" ,„ea,ure.l L'av imn 12 to 20 inch,:s diuna-ler at the ''"^^' ;;"' .f^'- „ from a few inches to two fc«t We .-^cl yeUow birch are -.•^"^ non n /. s . ^^^^^ ^^.,^^ ind' .meter at the '''''^«.'i"*l''""\--"i;' ' '^^ but it was likc- bv It was small and not abundaut. ^ ;'"'"" J^!^," ,,,,„ ;, „, hunter on the Z,^.Zm and B.>aKe. One o( our >"^"',. °'^^i'„'-J;,;„orth Iroui KUis Bay, Sand, informe,! me l>e bad seen ,.oves o Ins m^^^^^ n_^^, ^^.^^ ^,, , , ^ of which some ol the trees were 3 "f "' , i, (.j, „„ the north side hpi^lt Poplar was mot with in groves, cl< .to »' ^ uca ^^ ^^^^^ Se l/an'd. Of fruit-bearing trees and shrub - mo^^^ ^^^ . was the largest: it was most ab«,u^^^^^^ ^,^^ ,^,„.„, side, where it the largest si/.e close to tlie bcaLli ^^I'^f " J ,; ^nd somewhat slender attains'he height of forty leet, ^'^V?,?! The hf-h cranberry (viburnum brancbe. covered with '^l".'*^^" °. and is abundant. A species oi gooM- Sm produces a large ''"^"'"ifiir"^ met wdth in the woofls. but appear. ,|krt:tr^rss;hX.b,^^-^ MTo^ andlialf a mile long were °«''"f j''"^,,^", ^'"us looth and blMk Xgood, and resembles in l.''«'V,^«r"t^,uTeti'« «"'"'' appeared to be 3t with « l>itter tiste. 3tr;iwl-iorricii :ire fniuiil near tlieboach; in size aod laTnr they arc Imt little infiM-ior to the k'"'''' " f""* ; ''«y i™ '"f^^' al'undani Mnniif; tlic Ki' i^* in the upeniiii;:", anil tlieir sc;i8(>n is from tho middlo of July to tl«« end i>t An^iiiM, Kivt or six (itliiT kinds of fruit liuarin^' plant* wora •lifMTvi'd, :«'>ini' of wliii li inifilit he found of value. Tlio low craulMsrry wa» neon ' inc or iwn places in s.Jine iilnindance; Imt I wiis iiiforniiig the peas when sown; they were just getting into bUwsoin, and Jyrobably would ripen ; the ear was an average uize, and the straw about 3J eet high. . " I oliKorved frost only once; It was on the 18th Sept.. but not sufncieatly severe to do injury to growing croi)3 ; and I was inlormcd by Mr. Jnlyan that the lowsst temperature of the previous winter was onlv 7 ° Fahr. below zero I observed some cattle at S.W. Point belonging to Mr. Pope and Mr. Corbet: they appeared to be in good condition, although they had been left to provide for themselves in the wood openings or alongthe shore. A hone belonging to Mi. Pope was in etpially good condition. "The harbours at Ellis Bay and Fox Bay are comparatively safe in all xvinds; the former is fully 8 miles from West End Lighthouse on the south side ; the latter is 1 .') miles from Heath Point Lighthouse on the north side. Kllis Bay is 2 miles in breadth, with a breadth ot deep water of three fourths of a mile, extending up the Bay a mile and a half, while the depth of the Bay is 24 miles. Fox Ifav is smaller, the distance across its mouth is a mile and » half, with hall n mde of deep water in its centre, extending up tho Bay nine- tntki of a mile, the whoie depth ot the Bay being one mile and two-tenths. tjteve been infiuiacd that a vessel of .500 tons has been loaded with a cargo * timber in Ellis Bay. During a heavy wind from the east, while I was at Ikx Bay, a schooucr'ran in for shaltcr and appeared to bo quite safe. The £»ams that arc met with along the coast are very numerous. Moit of the Seams and lakes swarm with the fluest brook trout and salmon trout, and ggc shoals of mackerel WMu almost daily observed all around vho Island, kis were extremely abundant, and but for a few Indians whe come over m Minaan in July and August, and take u few of them on the north side •f the Island, they weuld be wholly undisturlwd. In the bays and more Acltored places round the Island, these creatures are met with by thousand*, •everal species of whale were obserTod to be abundant towards the west end tt the Island. This must be a favourite resort, as they were either ssen or lM»rd at irregular intcryals day and night. — , wild •nimala met with on the bland, at far as I am aware, are (be 1, 32 Mi • i : '14 V^ ^ 0^ y^ eommoD MiK k',1 tar. tlic red, tbe Mack mid Wx filvir iux nod tlie inurteii. Foxei ftuil innrtrnF nti' very Bbuodant ; tbr inartin was lrii|urDtly hciird duriog llii' ni^'litin tin iivi^hliourbtod of dur ramp, and foim vicrc prcii on RcviTnl 1 1 i.a»ion<. Tlic hkin of the fiUir-grcy 1(ii lri £30 ( urrmcy. Mr. ("urbet. iIm' liiiei' of tlip Iclmd, ciiiplots ■everal cicn ti> bum tln'si- ti!.;iii:il!i, aod I undeibtaod bi- makt's hoinv umfit b^ tbi' ti:tili'. I bcani of i\i> aiiimcla uf any ntbtr ilrsirription, with tbtr exception nl'wild fowl ; and 1 .-.iw no frogs or icptiles of any dtiiription, auti I wi>» int' II' el l>y tbe liuntei> tbat tlicrr were nolo. " Tbi' Mil >t:jiu'r;4ltit for cioucinic appliiaiion iia-i willi on tbe Isliiuil iire building ^ll IKS. griiid-stoiifii, briik ilny, peat and sliell ir»rl, Tliu only hrt- observeii uppiiiri'd to be loose piici'B of uiu};uelic oxyde of iron ; tlii'ru in no reason. bom\tr, for a5>irtiiig tbiit 1" i; iiou ore may not lie heniifter found. The pt'ut plain, wbieli i xtends ulonjj the low landa of the soulli roast from Hoatli Point to wiiliiii '.t miieuof s. \V. Point, liiis a superHciea of upwards of IflO aquari- iiiilen, with R tbickntxH if pi'iit. h» observed on ihe couHt, ofTroni 8 to 10 fctt. .\s fui as uiy knowlodf^u gofb, this i- the largt-tt peat Held in Canadii, and tlje u'lin'ral quidity of tlic niHteriiil is excellent. " Among the materials of the Island Hliicli iimy be considered of an econuiuii: nature. Iiioiigh not of a mineral eharaiter. sen weed and drift timber may be eniiiiurated. 'I'lic benelieial elfect of sea weed as a niuiiiiru ia too well known to reipiire nuntii.ning : but to wliut distance it nould bear carriage for siu li appliciition is more than 1 um able to state. On tliu Island, Mr. Pope (of S. W. Point) niakis use of it as a fertilizer for his licld.s. The (\iiautity ofsciuare timber and saw log.'' wliii li are scatti-red along the south shore of the Island is very miprising : the aluimbiuee appears to be greater lowiirtls tlio east end than the wi st : Init, ai cordiug to the calculation which I have made, if the whole of the logs were placed end to end, they would form a line equal to the whole length of the Islatid, or 14U miles ; this would give 1 ,000,000 of cubic leet." iM APPENDIX 1. ExTiiAcr KRo.M Rki'out by Mil. Josurii Kdkn. IIaiuiuii; M.^stku, O.vm'k, roMI'll.KII KOU tUK lil'KBBC "MoHM.Nll Cll HON ICI.h, ' I'l'Ul.ISIIKU 0.\ '.JTTII Dbc , lyTi. " .A.Ptf'riOOJSTX." " Aniieoati Company art able to carry out tlit,'ir pro{u9ed steam coiumiiiii< /itiuii " between Osepi and Autico»ti, toi^'etlii r willi die rest of their plMin, I am auru '■there will be a large emigratiou from other parts t'iABtieoi'ti,nu>t that • K'eater " number of our fialurmen will go there for tbeir suramer's fishing ' " well adapted for cultivalioD on the north aide uf Anticosti. I was sliiu n sunic •' apleiidid aamplea ot cereals grown there this year ; I must ackonKlidtr'' them " to be fully aqual to anything of the kind urowu on Ihe toast of OHPpr- If the ■' along the coast of Antii uati. Some of Ihe tisbermen report fine tiacls of land " The Island of Anticosti is frequented Juriug the summer mouths by a great i' number of oui Ga8p6 tiabermeu ; many of whom go over in Ibeir own small II fishing boats. They aro doiog vary well and r-rport cod fiiih lu uliunilaDrr m • n APPENDIX J JU-iin tchilii'<^ I' ill" /!■-/> V'/tl./'- i/l/«! .U.\(JJ'.\J.i:\' if^/..\\J)i, comfnteil hi/ J. J. Fo.r, Efq , ColleiUiir uf Cu»luiii» for ihtM JAund*. TOTAL KXPOllT~ r>r PIfH ASD oil. I on THE MBAMIN CF ICTJ. i'A iUifpRn Tit ftxpoki f;(ri-riiUR PATS. Vn t'li HtHtt* Pimce EUwatd lk)«ud. . , . 1(1,850 LMn. Heriluga. 2,350 ilo. $l»,8G0 2,3S0 00 00 Proviacc of Quebec 4,03.'i ilrul-B Dry CVIflsb \ 2,042 ittts. K'lb do. I 371 d 1. Miick.rel J- 4,025 gft' I. n* Cod Oil I 3,31! do. IralOl | 2,Oi.O do. Whale Oil J 21,020 00 Province of Nova Scotiii. 1'roviijci.M f New Bruniwirk. 14,913 i'rafi» D y Codtisli 570 Ill's. II' r logs 2,2i)i3 do. Mui ki-rel 1 57ii gftl'oiis Cod Oil 3,503 do. 8. a! Oil e74 Suul 8I< nit 31 cwM. Kith t'oilii»L 1 507 bids. H'Tringn I 74 do llncliirel f 32a italloni* CikI Oil ] 68,420 00 1,210 I KO Vokiuz a grand total of: — 19," 10 dr»f 8 Dry Codflsh 2,072 cwts. Rich do. 14,915 bbl» Horriign 2,711 do. Mack rel ,'i,ii!l gdloi.8 Cod Oil 6,845 do. Seal Oil 2,000 do. Whalo Oil 874 Seal Skins Kxport Custf ms Hate of $93,850.00 Thurable for dovelopm' nt by the Antiioati Company. .jDtsnmtmsSif'i 34 APPENDIX K. Mfiiioriiiilii iM to Tiiiilirr /(>;• Siiu'-l.i'pi' mill Itiiiiiriiij Sl-ffnia .i/c/ iit tu i'fdl OH Aiitlfiuli 1. fAW-I.uCS. T'l 1 I Hiiiii iImI II itn ir .>f gji.- lo , ylo" » iil » li i ■ tr • •• lit t'l Iw iiit Into >«■ li>;f«, m IV "'f I V hf i:.» r'llil ••"I 'it it chd t.i iiv Tiif' i>f O'lc tr.i I < <■ ch fi ncriH '1 hU will niiKiiint t > 491 'lOO iruuM Thu' will iixxliicv 3 ta^ir I'K8'>uIi o' I'i ffl in Ipdk li, or 1,476,000 unw 'u^x, ul wli'uli 5 aiiw 'ois< will cnntHin 1,000 »up. f et. TIiIh giviM a li>t>l 4)f 2'J5,2'>ii,iift r Hiip. f < t, »li < li nftor coat of cutting, liiiiling, Ac, will Mcll, ut IviMt, Ht tlic low nvcra^' rile of $10 per l,i'00 fcut t'urail c'oniicK iif tiinli r ; imd t c vnhii' tlitTci f will br $2 952,000. 2. KA1LK0AD^LKK!•KRS. The price r.f sprucre niilwiiy 8lei.-pi'rs, wliirli nre used on iicnrly nil the largu ruilwnys in Ornit Hiitnin is iit prcwnt 8». 0<1. ti> 4s. stg. cacli. Tliesc xlccpiTH iiru I) tcet Ion;;, 10 ioclics Ninuil und ," inclu'g tliick, nml weigh about S'l to tiic ton. In tlic production of opruce aleepera in Anti''<>!tti, liie I'.iilowing hIiows iin upproxlniiitc OMtiuuitc nf tlie cost of vuttin;;. iiiiulinj;, Mliippiiig itnd freiglit, mid their prexent miiiiniuui value in the liriiish oiarliet, with tlio procecdii from this brunch ')ftlie forent, taking the extremely liiw uverngc of 1 tree to coch acre : — Ciilt'ng, hunlinK aud lowliDg uu sliip 1( 3il. itg. m b. Freight to Knglind 1«. eU. " Averaije sU't o( ipruco trcfii will fiirni i.30u,00u Btg., pquivdleiit (o $1,845,000. » I'i:at. .\fcording to the best authorities in tlie United States, an acre of peat 8 led in depth will contain from 8,!I00 to 11,000 tons, und H feet in depth from U.ii.il to 7,iOO toHH. AsBiiming the peat beds of An'icosti to^ivc only the lowest average ol'il feet and a,300 tons per acre, which will be liir below the iii^iiU, as Isir Wm. K. Logan states tluU tliu large plaiu.t shew a dc|)tli of 3 to . 1 lict at the coa-t ; aud e.sfimiiting the muteriul in its crude state to be worth i"il> 'i cents per ton, the result would be a viilue of i|(iil per acre. Sir Win. I.Mgiii says that the extent of the large plain running I'loiu Heath Point iicail.v to S.W. Point is upwaids of 10S,400 acres. Tlie value of the peat ou t ii> p'uin alone at the foregoing low tigures would amount to uo less tUuu i^6.;jlj,400. Recapitulation of above Kstimaten. Saw-Logs $a.9"i3,000 Kailroad Sleepers 1,^'45,0()0 Peat C,:r)S,400 |ll,.JJ.->,400 lu addition to which must be added the value of the land per acre, ai well as of minerals aud other material substances of the Island. I'I . i U : 4kl 35 VICTORIA, CHAPTER 115. AN ACT TO INCORPORATE ANTICOSTI COMPANY. ASSESTKD TO Hth JUNE, Wt. h V WHEREAS the persona hereinafter nanieil and others have by Prewnble. their petition represented that the extensive and valuable Island of Anticosti, situate in the River and Gulf of St. Lawrence, contains vast resources of agricultural, forest, and mineral wealth, which, with the adjacent fisheries, have been hitherto unproductive for the want of colonization, and the petitioners are desirous of procuring an Act of Incoq)oratiou, with all requisite powers and privileges, to enable them to purchase and acquire the said Island, with all the rights, properties and franchises thereunto pertaining; and to carry on lumbering, mining, ([uanying, and other operations therein, to fish upon the coaHts and adjacent •wafccia, 10 establish lines of steamere to different ports trading with the Island, and to establish communication, by marine cable and otherwise, with telegraph lines on the main land, and generally to do all such things as may be necessaiy to developo the resources of the Island ; and it is expedient to gi-ant their prayer ; There- fore Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows : — 1. William L. Forsyth, of Quebec; the Honorable David E. Incorpowtion Price, of Quebec ; F. W. Thomas, of Montreal ; Ferd. S. Winslow, of Chicago; and Christopher O. Closter, of Montreal, together with all such other poreons and corporations as shall become shareholders in the Company hereby incorporati^d, shall l)e and ure hereby con- stituted a body corporate and politic, by the name of the Anticosti '^"''"^^ Company, and by that name shall have power to carry on the general pow«r business hereinaiter mentioned, and shall have perpetual succes- sion, and a common seal, which may by them be changed or varied at their jileasure ; and the said Company shall be subject to the provisions of the " Canada Joint .Stock Companies' Clauses Act, Joint Stock 18 j such powers. Limitation. Further operations authorized. 4. The Company may carry on all such operations as may be found necessary to develope the resources of the Island in respect of agriculture, forests, fislierics, mineral deposits of gold, silver, copper, iron, and other metals or ores, and of coal, peat, plumbago, and salt springs, and shell marl, the opening up and working of quarries of slate, lime-stone, sand-stone, grind-stone, marble, or other economic minerals, or mineral substances, and to wash, dress, smelt, and otherwise prepare and manufacture such articles for sale, in so far as it is wM.in the province of the Parliament of Canada to grant such powers. Certain works 5. The said Company sliall have power to construct telegraph constructed lines, also tc lay a submarine cable from the Island to some point or points on the Coast of Gaspo, and thence to connect with the mainland telegi-aph system ; and also, if found expedient, to lay a submarine cable from the Island to some point on tlio North Shore of tlie St. Lawrence, and to construct a telegraph line from thence to Quebec ;— and tl.vjy shall have power upon the said Island to im])rove harbore, to erect wharves, dams, sluices, and other hydiAulie ippiiraius, for the convenience of .shipping or for manufacturing purposes, and to levy and collect sucn tolls and charges upon any of the above mentioned v/orks, as shall l.o fixed by by-law, subject to the approval of the Governor in Council. Tolls on the same. Maytradeand 6. It shall be lawful for the said Comiianv to carrv on coneral own VCSBCIB ill 1 « •/" trade and commerce, and to own, lease, charter, navigate and dis- pose of steamers and sailing vessels for the conveyance of fieight and pa.ssengers to and from the Island and ports iu Canada and elsewhere. Chief place of tnuinen. Notice thereof. 7. The Company may have its chief place of business on the Island of Antioosti or elsewhere, with liranch offices in any of the cities of Canada, Great Britain, or the United States ; and so soon as such chief place of business shall have been determined upon, notice of the same shall be published for at least thirty days in the Canada Qazdte. *^=^Wii*i'*,.;v "jmmmmhmMmbbhh WWM -. r" -JflSE-, y.i^r - 3 8. The capital stock of the Company shall be Two million Capiul and five hundred thousand dollars, divided into twenty-five thousand »'>"«»• shares of one hundred dollars each. 9. The said W. L. Forsyth, the Honorable David E. Price, Provisional F. W. Thomas, Ferd. S. Winslow, C. O. Closter, and such otlier ^'rectors, person or persons as they may noml.iate, shall be and are herel)y constituted a Board of Provisional Directors, and shall hold office as such until otlier Directora shall have been appointed by the Shareholders under the jirovisions of this Act. The said Directors, or a majority of them, are hereby empower- To open ed to take all necessary steps for opening stock books in the city ^^'^^ Book*, of Montreal and elsewhere, for the subscription of parties desirous of becoming shareholdera in the said Company. 10. When and as soon as one-tenth of the said ca'^'ial .stock i''irBt general shall have been subscribed as aforesaid, and ten per centum of the ""*' '°^' amount so subscribed paid in, the Provisional Directors, or a major- ity of them, may call a meeting of the Shareholders at such time and place as they shall think proper, giving at leat;t two weeks' notice in the Canada Gazette, and in one or more newspapera published in the city of Montreal, at which general meeting^ and at the annual general meetings of the Company thereafter, a Board of Directors shall be elected, consisting of not less than five aor more than thii-teen, as may be prescribed by the by-laws (of the Provisional or other Directors) in force at the time of such election, . but they shall not bn a\ithorized to commence ojjerations under Company may this Act until at least fi\,v thousand dollars shall have been commence paid in. ■ operations. 1 1 . No person shall be elected or chosen as a Director, unless Qimlification he bo a Shareho'der holding stock of tlie Company to the "' ^''•«'»"- amount of at least ten shares, in his own absolute right, and not in arrears in respect to any call thereon ; and the Directora shall bo elected by a majority in value of shares, rojiresented by I Election of Directors. When the Slinv»l,,.l.lo the o rmii/i ~e fl^n n.-.rr, pany, assembled at such time and place as the by-laws may prescribe. 1 2. In default of other express provisions in the by-laws of Annual the Company, such elections shall take ])lace yearly ; all the mem- *^l««'''-''''»- bers of the Boai'd retiring shall be eligible for re-election if duly . qualified, and due notice of the time and jjlace for holding such (jeneral general meetings .shall be given at least thirty days previou.sly, Meetings. by notice published in the Canada Gazette. 1 3. At all such general meetings of the Company, every share- Votes. holder shall be entitled to a vote for each share held by him, on which nil calls have been duly paid: votes may be given by proxy, and the election of Directors chall be by ballot. 1 4. The Directors shall, from time to time, elect from among p„,i^pnt themselves a President of the Company, and a Vice President, »nd Offic«re. Vacandea, Failure of Blection. By-laws, how made, and for wh!>t purposes Mi V Directors. Meetings. Forreiture of shares. Kegisters of shares and tranxfers, Minutes, Diridends . Power to increase capital a Treasurer, Secetary, and a Manager, and may also ap- point and remove from time tc time all such other officers as may be required for the transaction of the business of the Com- pany ; and if a vacancy should at any time occur in the Board of Directors, the same may be filled up by the Board, for the re- mainder of the term, from amongst the qualified shareholders of the Company. 1 6. If at anj Mme an election of Directors be not made at the proper time, th« Company shall not be held to be thereby dissolved, but such election may take place at any general meetmg of the Company duly called for that purpose. 16. The Directors may make by-laws, and may from time to time, alter, repeal, amend or wholly substitute others, for the government of the said Company, its affairs, business, managers, agents, officera, and servants, which by-laws shall be m force when approved by a majority of votes of the Shareholders present m person or by proxy, at any special or general meeting of Share- holders, and may, among other things, besides comprehendmg all matters hereinbefore referred to as the subject of by-laws, be made, subject to the special provisions of this Act,for the foUowmg objects and purposes, and the same shall be accessible, at aU seasonable houi-s to all parties interested, viz: 1. To fix and determine the number of Directors, the manner ot filling up vacancies that may occur prior to the annual election, how many Directors shall constitute a quonini, and genei-ally the manner in which their powers shall be exercised, including the establishment of agencies in the Dominion and elsewhere. 2 The manner of calling meetings as well of the Directors as of the Shareholders, and fixing the tim for annual meetings. 3 The forfeiture of shares in arrear in respect of a. call or calls, and the conditions and manner on and in which such forfeiture shall be declared. ,. i i /• i 4. The keeping of registers and transfer books lor snares, prescribing the manner in which such transfers shall be made, an (.-arry out tlu' olijuots of tli«- <'oii>j)aiiy; Imt no siidi liy-liiw .sliall liavi' any roi<-(i wlintcvci-, ,.„j,fj ,,,1 , ,, until it shall iiave licen .sanotionod hy a voto of not loss than two- i,y .imr. ii..],i thiids in amount of all the sliaroholdor.s at a aiithoii/.od shall have \\w\\ lyled n.s hcrrinal'tcr nicntioiii-d with the Secretary of State of ( 'aiuida. I S. 'J'lie ( 'iim]inny may, within tiiiec months after adiilynutlien- I'mth?; ti.vate.l co])y of such" l.y-law has l.een fyled with thi' Secretary „f '"""»'''■'''•• State of Canada, and after tlu^ sai statiiij^ the iiunil)er and amount of the shares of tlio new stock aAithoi-iz(!d, and the amount actually subscribed and ])ai. The Company may, IVoiu tiriie to time, borrow numey, c.wur m (iither by niort<^a;^e bonds issued on the security of thinnnnoveable liuriMwinoni-jr property of the Company, or liy debentures; and such niortj^ai^'e lionds or debentures may be for such sums, either in sterling or in currency, as the Com])any may think projxjr, those in sterling not being for any less s\Ma than one hundred pounds, and those ill currency not being for any sum less than five hunilred dollars each : J'lovided always, that every such loan shall lie regulated by a special liy-lav', setting 'orth the terms ami (vinditions on l!''*!""'!^"'"- which su(;li loan sliall be ert'ected ; and in tiie course of its general business, the Company may becomes tt | arty to promis- sory notes, bills of exchange, and chei|ues ; but no such promissory j,;';';/' '''' note or bill of exchange sh;dl bo for a less sum than one hundred dollars, or lii^ payable (o be.ircr, or In- iutendel to be circulated MS money, or as the note oi' a liiink. UO. No shareholder in the Company shall in any manner i.imiteil Vio held liable to, oi' bi' charged with the payment of an\- debt ''''"lity- or demand, due or owing liy the Company beyond the amount remaining un)>aiil upon his or her subsiribed slcires in the capital •lock thereo*. .-? J >< •> « -", ^ o t» S- ?: M S '^^ P « t^ It ^ I > H t-H o o C/) H o o > rr B I I* v> THItllld 3N OF I Vofk »Vuui nw «"tute mile* M, ^' ■TJ5^l^«#»** ' -»T" V- ■ ■■■ '"r'.;:ia;. : ST. JOHN S CAPC IUC&. 1^ Ji^F > A.Vb HART Of THE DSSIQNHD TO SHOW THE POSITION OF ANTICOSTI DISTANCES \nlicn«i> I.I L.\erp"ul Jlxul 1M> sUlule ni!le> Quebec " .Wl " Njunural " 55II " Hahfer ■ IT" Anlkotti 10 New York ibuul 1 IW lUtute milei BoMoa " 2? " '* Chiugo ** l*a " 4- 1^*1 .1 9 w. m«.m.^v< wmmmmmmmimmmmimmm* mn r e G ^ ^ \A mmmm mtk J^EL. A <" 5' 6t2' ^B- 612- — I — 2 ^r ■'■■k e^h ^-^rikJfl*! J\,^ u, fill: Mm ®^ ASJ1'II(C®S^IT (iy(LF ®^ DDD {■L T [LAWIRlIFJKg 45 30' i J' .>■ GtK-t pKovisit 61010 inc/u^ thickness ihdl Alafl SOtfTTH POtlfT in < «o^ O^ Provision t'o.\t _ Mai-Likt ^and-top Cii;-' Cotter I. .lie, _ EAST 100 to I20aJ|>0INT. (HEATH POINT. LieHT HOUSE Hit !=;■ L SECTION ON THE LINE. ,A.B. D E AQ" *,NTICQSTI 9R0UP '" < s'JflP^if, j) ONllOk MtOINA CLINTOS . "'•"li [hudson river SROUP ^ s'^u'Zl^r, V.B.— The letters on flic. Section rc/ey to the Divisions, in Logans Rcpdft 1853-56 t