IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // {/ 7 < "■" - . ir, ♦«, ^ O GANANOQl W £ T>. ••<^. .^uir O ' . O '• TIDD8 LEAK I. HALLIDAV^^OIWV .••V A' E ••'of'** ^^lOKORYl,. I 4 y / >^1^^^' *« BEG ""srSf^CSfWR-n'O cA^ST^^^ --——""•""— PROSPECT PARK >."*'*• i UTT •A>oA^*8""!lJttr.'*' w . Y Vational Boundary Line ^m*— •*—«••— ••-"••^•••^ 'fhrough and Local Steamera, dotted reS Htv i^aitroads, aoHd red line •TheT5uplsfs • Ide O »QUC -"%,. A Sahtead'a^ "V^^^ THE ONIiT AUi-BAIL BOUTE TO TH THE GREAT HIGHWAY AND FATOBITE BOUTE F< Solid Trains with Elegant Sleeping Oars leave Niagara Falls daily 8.10 p. m. for Thousi with powerful steamers of Kichelien s Ontario Navigiition Co. for Alexandria Bay, Montr and running all the Rapids of the River St. Lawrence by daylight, the most attractive trip White Mountains and Portland Express leaves Niagara Falls daily except Saturday at connections at Norwood for Massena Springs ; at Moira for Paul Smith's and Adirondack and famous Crawford Notch to Portland, with immediata connections for Bar Harbor, Ol train stops at all principal resorts in the White MountainB. Sleeping Cars on Night Trains and Drawing-Boom Cars on Day Trains from Niagara F oounuctfon is made by all trains with Palaoa Steamer "St. Lawrence" for all Thousand IsJi 1»W4, SCALE OF MILES H i-l^^^^^^ri^^-^'^^'^il; rL A ©»M»* E U L SAY ^ T la B S I. Y ^ ISLAND *_ J^^ . "^ " S li A N D liSX' ss» ^■— *• ■^ MOUSAND ISLAND ARK g li WESTMINST P N D UTTteORENAI _ T^uojiENqr i. /. '^ f5 fd -* II 14 j,^— , ^tiflD ISLAND CENTRAL PA /V-" ^ FISHERS LANOINQ .23 LEXANDRJA BAY ■Ol.- '^ K LOCAL DISTANCES. MILBB Cape Vincent to Carlton Island 2 « " *• Prospect Park — 13 14 «« " Clayton 14 41 44 " Round Island 16 *• Thousand Island Park 18 " Fi8her*8 Landing. 90 XILBI. Cape Vincent to Alexandria Bay ... 26 »f »• '• Kingston 16 " " *' Gananoqne 19 Alexandria Bay to Westminster Park 1 " •• •' Bockport S " " " Central Park... t Nar 1. Ca S. 6t 8. Ca 4. Re 5. 6. 7. W '•J J. Pr 8. W ». Jo limil rists • Ideal • Route • [!• ROUTE TO THE THOUSAND ISLANDS. )BITE ROUTE FOB FASHIONABLE PLEASURE TBATEL. ly 8.10 p. m. for Thousand Islands, making immediate connections at Clayton without transfer, Mexandria Bay, Montreal, Quebec and the BiTer Saguenay, passing all the Thousand Islands the most attractive trip in the world. ily except Saturday at 8.10 p. m. with through Sleeping Cars I7iagara Falls to Portland, making nith's and Adirondack resorts, and running through the heart of the Mountains via Fabyan's Ions for Bar Harbor, Old Orchard, Kennebunkport and all Sea Coast resorts of Maine. This Trains from Niagara Falls, Bochester, Syracuse and Utioa to Clayton [Thousand Islands], where e" for all Thousand Island Besorts. LE8 AlW*' andrta Bau to Mo" itKSttl 1*^ . 'CHIMNEY I. "> y^- °o.oKe Boi>rr i^ cf-. UTTtEi QRENAOiCl^ir Jl. <«*HK I. ^'^ % ^, « 32 Mil«« 23 INDRIA BAY ^'^0'' ,0 8' ^■ riaBay. ..86 10 ne 16 tmlnster 1 ort S 1 Park... t Names of Points indicated by Figures in Red. 1. Carlton Island 2. Governor's Island Ex-Lient.-Gov. T. G. Alvord. 8. Calumet Island Mr. Chas. Q. Emery, New York. 4. Rock Island Light-Hoase, head of American Channel. K J Occident anoOrient E. R. Washbnm, New York. ''' J Isle of Pines Mrs .E.N. Robinson, New York. 8. Frederick Island C. L. Fredericks, Carthage, N.Y. 7. WellBley House. ( Rev. Goodrich, LAfargeville, N. Y. R WAvinv nnmehRH / Arthur Hi^hes, Stone Mills, N. Y. 8. Waving Branches < Pfgderick Smith, Watertown, N. Y. ( L. S. Ainsworth, Watertown, N. Y. ( Prof. A. B. Brown, Carthage, N. Y. 9. Jolly oaks. >?„,5jjj;g,^°. :: :: ( Hon. W. W. Bntterfield, Redwood, N. Y. Names of Points indicated by Figures in Red. 10. Island Royal Royal E. Deane, New York. 11. Seven Isles Bradley Winslow, Watertown, N. Y. 11. Point Vivian; Resot Tozer, J. J. Kinney, Dr. Jones, Geo. Jones, William Cooper, and others. Stone Mills, New York. 13. Bella Vista Lodge P. J. Bosworth, Newport, R. I. 14. Comfort Isiand A. E. Clark, Chicago . 15. Warner Island H. H. Warner, Rochester, N. x. 16. Cherry Island U'.l.^'ilX''''"'^'- 17. WauWInet C. B. Hill, Chicago. 18. Nobby Island., H. R. Heath, New York. 19. Welcome Island. S. O. Pope, Oedensburs. ao. Linlithgow Island R. A. Livingston, New York. 21. Bonnie Castle Holland Estate. 22. Isle Imperial Mrs. H. G. Le Conte. Philadelphia. 23. Point Marguerite S> Anthony, New York. 24. Sport Island Packer Estate. ^1 j-Summerland Group. 27. Manhattan Group. 'i » h /'^ c:^ . y' V^ di_^ A soii\/ih:nir I T/i (' Thousand Islands ol' TlIK ST. LAWRENCE RIVER I'KoM KINGSTON /NO CAPE VINCENT TO MORRISTOWN AND BROCK VI LLE WITH Their Recorded History from the Earhest Times, their Legends, their Romances, their Fortifications and their Contests INCI.IDIM; liOTII TIIIJ PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED mil, I urcs ofXalural Srenny, as uril as Pu/nns of nuv.y Suuun.r I W,,.. S/raun;. /•'is/iiiii;- Sieiii-s, &(•. I 'ill ilisslied l>y JNO. A. HADDOCK, of Watertown, N. Y., •ndc.,Ml,oK^nPo,,K,c.o,',|,..TI,o,..nn.lI.i.,,,,(Plui.orAlc.;..,n.lPiaB.y PRINTED AND BOUND BY THE WEED-PARSONS PRINTING CO., ALBANY, N. V. AI.KXANDRIA !!AV, N. Y. I»95 Mr. [..UN A. IIm.imm k COMMENDATORY. Oi I II I >}[■ {■oKNWAIJ. HKOS. AllA\M>KIA li\N, N. v., 0i)). /\,ii Sir— 1 have lu'ard thai vou arc alxuil [.rrparmL: d\\ (.•laliiiralc ami liiulhv illiis. iralcd liisiory of our rivc-r, 10 be sold as a iiKin- u-.inliy S,.iivLiiir of our river and i-laiids linn has yet ajipcared. I have for soine vears fell ihr u-anl of siieh ;i bonk, many eopie- of which my sons could sell over their counter here if it could have been |ir.jcine,|. llaviiifT known you personally ma-'y years, I have full faith in your ability and /e.d f.ir the preparation of sm h a work, and I wish you much success and em ouiaf^emenl in your labor, which will, I hope, be 11 inunc iali\ e. N'our fiiend, ANDRIAV CORNWAI.I.. (Iliu dl" llle ..Tii;iii.il .luiKls nf all Ihe AliuncMii islail.K liuiii K,,uilfl Isl.iii.l I.. M.MHl.mn '■■i^\ "ill' I- 01 JAMi:s r. SI'i:.Vri:R. -so Hkom'u w, Nru Vokk Ml. |oii\ A. IIai'Ihiik, Wai I kidw n, N. Y.: A/v /',/' ,s>; — lla\iii:: heaid you express your ideas as to a needed bo,d< wliii h should suitably illu-trate the natural bearrties of the Thousarrd Island Archipelag.i of the St. Lawrence, with views of leading cottages ,itrd sketches of the iiidividii.ds occu- pving them, I take pleasure in approving voiir plan, and do not hesil.iti-, froirr inv knowledge of you per sorially. to firl Iv believe yon will carry out all von umleilake irr making a book which will be a .Sorrvenii to be Ireasureil by all wdio can appreciati' the grandest river and the niosi beautifirl islands itpori the globe. Wishing you great succiss, I rem.iin, X'eiy tr rilv vruirs, -Summer resideme, ,, JA.MI'.S C. SI'1:\'(:i;K, .M \MI \ I I AS I.-l \M., /■/,,■- /'(,,. /,/,•/// 77i,;i.uiiia hlni.i ( liil.. \\ 1 \ WhUIA Ww , .\. V. INTRODUCTORY. '"■■^'^'•^ ''.>vc iKvn many attempts ., ,lcpu:t the Tlu.u.an.l Islands, wth ,l,ci, .v.r varymg. cha,„ctul scenery, and the „pulenee of their later a.h.rnment. Son.e of these >^'tnrts have been honest hut ineffieient, some spora.iu- and lltful, others restdtin.^ onlv ,n a l-T attempt „. make tnoney out of a subject too grand for such a purpose. And s,',, ve.r at.cr year, these ish.nds have lacked a chronicler and a .lelineator u-ho should present ' "I'N ki.ai I 111, i>,||;. All K I i; II 1 -, k I, s 1, k \ K II I" tins spint. then, this .look ,s issued, ,n the full hehe. that it .ill ,111 a nant uhicl, has "" ['' '";."'^ "^'^' '"^^^ >'-"-^ --^"- ■-^■"i.-. and appro lative class who come -"-ally to th,s section, the in.portance of uhi,,. appears now to be permanentlv established. JNO. A. HADDOCK, .Address on l!ie River \V.\ ri-.K low.v, N. V. CaKK (>!. C.'okXWAir, IlN(i>.." AlKXAMiKIA 1;a\, X. W ■ " i — tf gf jc. >:.\T7 . ■ t ji t : -v^ j^e- ■e-H THt HAPI'Y ISIANDS. lU (;i..,,li,,H ( Hk»,,1„1n. I'Ihii , vvhrj,' .1 IlLHisaiiil Islands sicoi.. "'"iiu; piiUiriy ffoiii .\i.i«ara's Icaj, Tlic liliiidod laki-s with tirclpss Kwci^p — \'.is| l.iki-s. whirl) Hoar ihc uraiii and ore < >t Miit;lilv Stales from shore lo shore, A iliousand Ijillowy miles and more. lis ihcre (lie .eiiicrnii; waters nieel In riisl] siililiriii- and beauty sweet, W'ln. h w( virh happy thrills shall greer — We who in fevered towns have siglied Kor (jreen .ind watery s()aces wide. .\rid Nature's rnrir niirrint; love beside. Ah, here rhey arc! The river here. Swift, slow, tiinuiltiioiis, crysial-ele.ir, l-appiiig ihe islands which iiprear I'heir rocky heads witli cresrs of trees, lias sure enchaninieiils to release Ihe heart, and change its pain to peace. Hail ' River of the Thousand Isles ' Which so enchants and so beyiiiles \\ ith coiinilrss charms and countless wiles '■"low on iinpent, forever free -And [laiiseless to Ihe oc<'an-sea Which belts the globe's inuiiensity. .Not there out goal. Here, liei<' wf si.iv Amid the islands green and gray. Nor strive, but idly tloat and play Along tlie river's glints and gle.inis, .\nd yield to reveries and dreams With which the i|uickcned fancy leiMiis. Here where ihe airs are always pure. And wave and earth and sky allure. ■And whisper, " l,ei ihe best endut(.\" Ihe u-iser thoughts and insiincis grow. I leans truer feel and surer know, .\iid kindle to a tenderer glow. St. Lawrence River, here we rest, .And liere we end our wandering ipiesi lo reach the Islands of the Hli'st. Where Nature's sweetest sweets abound .Are sacred waters, sacred ground — The Earthly Paradise is found! 1 ■e-{ ■ip THE THOUSAND ISLANDS. INTRODUCTORY AND DESCRIPTIVE. (^ilKRK is in North Ameiira a mi-luy ^ liver, havint; its head in remote hikes, whieh thoujrh many in nnnibjr, arc yet so 1,'real that one of them is kuinvn as the hir^est l)0(ly of fresh water on the gh, he — with a flow as phiciil and jjulseless as the great I'aeilie iisrh', yet as swift in phices a-T the average speed of a railway train. Its waters are pure and a/.iire-iiiied, no matter iiow many tiirhid streams attempt to dellle them. U is a river that has no freshets nor scarcely any drying up. no matter how great the rain or snow-fall or how severe the drouth on all its thousand miles of drainage or of Ijow — so ,^rand and yet so lovingly lieatitifiii as to enthral every appreciative sold. It rises in the great fresh-water sea, and ends in the great .Atlantic — some places ten miles wide, at others less than a mile. 'I'his great river has never as yet had a respectable history, nor more than an occasional artist to delineate its beauties. It runs for very many miles between two great nations, yet neglected l)y both, though neither could be as^ great without it— a river as grand as the I,a Mata, as picturesipie as the Rhine, as pure as the' Lakes of Switzerland. Need we say that this wonderful stream is the St. Lawrk.nck, the noblest, imrest, most enchanting river of all (iod's beautiful earth ? ■rhis noble stream drains nearly the whole of that vast region lying between the 41st and 49th degrees of north latitude, and the 60th and 93d parallels of longitude — a region per- l;aps not as extensive nor as productive as that drained by the mighty Mississippi, yet the How of water in the St. I.awreiue must exceed that in the Mississippi, for the current in the former is rapid, while the latter, except in ,gn-eat freshets, is contented with a medium How. Rising in 49 north latitude, the waters of the St. Lawrence How (l,,wn through their many lakes to near the 41st jiarallel, whence they are impinged towards the north, and at Cape Vincent take an almost northeast < otirse foll,)wing that general direction until they reach the great sea— entering it on almost- the same meridian of longitude that crosses its remote source in British North .America. Why its history has so long remained unwritten, and why this noble river is not more generally known, is perhaps a.counted for in' part bv tl«e fa.t that the St. Lawrence traverses a region ot country remote from the yreat ll> 'roughfares of the world's .ommerce or trade. It lies along the boundary line of i'Hsiness. Its banks, to be sure, are dotted here and there with thriving towns and cities, several ol considerable importance in thJ world's traffic, but its gran.l use is in connect- m.n the great lakes with the ocean. The region through which it passes is one of great intePest 1 he geological formation attracts the atten- tion of the student and the artist. It bears on Its tace the unmistakable traces of a primeval •ondition, found nowhere else on our <„n- tinent, and probably not in more sinkin-^ beauty anywhere on the fa .md puiitv of ,i mouni.iin spring, and the w.iter ,ind air cDinhinc to m.ike more lie.iutifnl and enioy.ihle those natur.il attrac- tions in scenery for whi( li it is f.isi liecoming known to the tr.iveler .md the W(jrld in general. N'et its wonderliil lire.iiith of attracli\-encss, iti all its w ide r.mge, is e\-en more iinperfec tly understood. If the w.iters of the St. [..iwrence are .ittr.ictive and full of enjoyment and rec rea- tion for the pleasure-seeker, its thousands of beautiful islands present |iictiires grand and siiMmu' — pictures of which the poet-painters lia\e only dre. lined, l', idiii.intic .mil un- written history is mily an altr.idive Held m which f.ii Is assume the ,iir of licilon. The romance ot .\iiieri( in histurv is an interesting ■ md imporiant h.irve^t. which is f.isi passing au.i\, .md soon will '.w lost forever, unless g.iincred into the gre.ii treasure-house of the piinted p.ige, where il can he preser\ed lor the ( (lining ages. .\o sei lion of the continent IS the scene of events more important and numerous, in our unwritten histor\-, ih.iii that through whiih this great river tlows. for it li.is been the |irin( ip.d artery along which the |iulse ot ci\ ili/.iti(in throhhed for a^es in il> struggles lo penetrate the unknown region of the inland se.is of the fir West. Its civilization is older tli.in that of ,iii\ other section of the continent. The scenes and struggles on its hanks li.i\e Keen noliler, gr.mder and more persistent th.m those of ,iny other --ection. Nowhere else ( ,in lie found such determined and i len iilean elTorts, Coupled "itli this, in turn, li,ive ( ome some of the siililiniest and grandest ex.iinples of ('liristi,in taitli and forhearence to lie Inuiid anvwhere, for the i.-ivili/.ition and ( i)n\ersion of the native North .\nieri(an ,ind the possession of this continent. .Miiiost everv vilhige and hamlet ' especi. illy of the lower portion of the river — h.is a history full of stirring records, important in the lirst settlement of this ( oiiti- nent, while the upper St. I ..iwrence is (Inseh idiaitified with all the le.iding events of the (.■arl\- history of our own countrv ; and, in addition to this, has an interesting loi^al liis- tiM-v, illustrative of the events and trials un- dergone li\ .1 struggling pioneer jieople '' r the enjoymenl of the pric eless boon of Liberty. To reach back down the line of vears past, and g.iiher up the forgotten and almost lost scenes and incidents, and weave about these newly-discovered sources of beauty .md popu- lar resources of pkMsure the history of c'.irly days and discoveries, and preserve il all. em- bellished by the hand of the .artist, bir future ages, is not a work of ease, though we have found it a work of iileasure. Historv will take us back more th.in lifleeii hundred vears, and I w w /.\ '/'A'(>/)fr/'iiA'y «•(■ lind i!ki1 \hri\- aw (v\\ marlvrs in tlu' ('liiircli ot Roiiu- uhosc naiiu'orfanu' rests iipdn d iiKHr lasiin^ or l)ctifr ImmdaliDii iliaii tli.it of Si. I.auicncf. And yc in llie \c\v World It has I'oiin.l ,1 t'anu' and I'lMindatinn that shall 1h' adinii-cd liinj,' aj,'cs after the story of his deeds and even tlie iioiy chtirch which canon- ized his iKHies may have heen for^'otten. It is j,'ratifyin;4 t'> kiiou- that the object of onr adoration is so lionorai.ly and worthily chris- tened, althoii-h in learninj; this we are re- mindt'd of [Uc ceaseless spirit of change written upon all thinj,'s. St. I,a//rence the inariyr has become St. I.aa'rence the river. The siereotypeil falsities of historv are very man\ in America, and they creep ii[)on its with our eyi's wide open. They come because le,i,rend has taken the place of fact. 'l"he writer who would dare seriously to disi>ute the claim of Columbus to the honor accorded him for nearly tl-.ree hundred years, would be bold in- ileed ; and yel the position thai he was not the "iiscoverer of America has been attempted to be maintained. 'I'lie I'il-riins landed at Ply- mouth Rock, and came to found a i;overnment where they could enjoy relij;ioiis freedom and liberty, and open an asyliun t'or the opj.ressed ot all other countries. |!ut long before them there came ,, colony whose sole purpose was I'l Msii ; and the nation they founded has vied with the others, and grown mighty and formid- able in wealth and greatness. It seems not altogether unlikely that the American nation may develoj) characteristics which will be better evidence of its origin and the original purpose ol Its founders than can be found in the piety or exalted purpose of the Tilgriins. So, every- where, the great incentive to explore and ex- tend government bounds and inlluence has been that gain might follow. As early as 1500. great fleets of 15ritish and Norman sailors visited Newfoundland, whose cod-hsheries were even then known through- out the ( )ld World. The coasts of Newfound- land and I,abrador were visited many times by these great fleets before any attempt was made at exploring the Gulf of St. Lawrence or the river, even at its mouth. The Spaniards had then begun to seek for treasure on tin; south west cf)ast of Ameriia. {''aint glimpses of the great father of waters had gone out to the world, and strange stories ( ame from the Indian^ of its source .ind the great lakes be- yond. Jesuit missionaries, little by little, ,,n, o uf ih. y,u-M AW .umwtl, of lb,. Iwvn.h . nl,„u u,,. v.tv '•'^'■'•. ;>n.l ■■ ilK.,1 ,1,. |.la... St. N,. l,„l.,s, whirl, .l„u, ..,,,1 i,s his,,.,^ ,. „„. „t „v.„ lu,,l.l,„,s ;!'""^'"^"" ''^■■"- ll-'l-nMn,..!,, l,,u„n ,,n,l |,nv,,n„n.. Il„. n.omus d,,,,,,,., ,1,.. ', • '';""^' '"■"'' ■^'- '■"">■""•. '"' >lu' .v.-un |,|,„,.1.I„,MN an,! huMil,.' n.ili^.s ,!„• .^vit "'•". '";'■""■'■'■'"'"■''■'> """'^''o'l""-^>'.-"M numlurnl u,l,l Ihm.i.. all .o.nlmu.l tomii- St. I.aurcn, c ^ lasl-.lay. Thcnrr ,h. nainr tiali/r an,l , inuinM , ,|,r cvcv Hluvl al ha,,,,,- has s|„va,i th,. cniuv ImHth nf ,h,. nvcr. Tlu. n.ss. and .^ ,„ a inhaahl.. .xis„.n, . «a. hanlly S|Mn,anlsu..a.th>lir>tl,M.s,,|„rrthcriv.r,lM„ allainaM,-. Th.n tnllnu- th. ox,,r,l,ln,ns nt l>vast>an,u. .cMn.nh.n.T.a !• .vn. Innan nanirs Cha,M|,la,n. who trau-r^al ihr .i,s,,u..,u., „t '■alter a sa,n,„t Spanish birth amU.du. anon. Carti,.,, an,l iKauM ,a,...i st,|| larth.r u ,.,. an,l ■nc.r pass., np the river nn this v„va,e ,,„. he.l ont tu the nnrth and south thr„n,h s ,ar as where X Unreal ,s now ..tuate.l. and .he ttal.utaries ,„ ,h .reat taver ; and tor the Kre he ren.atncal dnnn, the U n.ter. he. on,- h,., ,,ne the exphaat.on of ,l,e . ountrv was iHK .i-.piainted with the native., tradmi; with l.e-nn i„ .• ,r„e., C,,,,,, „; ,' , ,1 1 , • , . , ' '-.•^'in II, lainevl. t oin pa Cs weie nrnie, llK'in and .tudyin,^ their hal,its,<:„Mo„„ and „id iid and , I,,,, i,' i .■ , , ,,,, . . '"'" •"" ''lui .i.^isiaiii e iihlaiii'Ml lroi,i the ani;na_ne. This point was at that tinn' s "111'- l-'reneh -osernineiit. and lar-e ln\eslineni~ .liinK-fan Indian villa,e. under the name of ,,,,. ,„,„,, ,,, ,:,.,;,^,|i^,^ ;„;;, .„ „,,„„.^ !■■ n ,fV ""'^■^'"•'"^''^•-•""-■'l '" The Indian uatsandinassaere.uhi.h.olloued I I 'IK e, and lor tcjur vears the wars and inter- !,,>., , n , ■ „,,, ,.,,„M ,-,. • ^ ».i,s and int.t ha\ e s,ar, eh parallels m. A,, len, an hi. i. .rv. nai i.onhles ol Ins (n\,i r.iimirv iirevented nn I'!,,. ,.■ ., , a ,■ >i ,■,,,,1, ,. ,.; ;, , v|ovM,K(ian\ • I't-' -icat trihes ol A l-on,piin.. 11 un.n. an,l iiiitiiei \isits or exploration.. i,. , ■,, ■ \i , ... ' , . ,, ""'liK'i-' i'"aii,ed at willir..m the upper Mi.sis- AlH.ut ,54.. k,njr|.ran,is|-irstissuedletlers sipp, tothednlfol S, I ,u , 1 , !■ 11,. . 'I I" int iiuii 01 M. I. u eKe .nid hc'iii to franeis dcla Rooue, Se "neiirde l-iohervil,. ,11 ■, ■ 1 -..oioiH,^an I I . ei,.,nMir(ie KolKr\al<. 1,1 l,,uk with leal. )u. eve. upon the in, nr.ions .^ivm,,' h„n power of the Kin,, ,ner "(Jana-ia. „f ,1,,. wl„„. ,. ,„ tl.. ,„J , . , Hochelaj,ra, .Sa-uenay, Terre \eiiva. I.ahra- 'I the while man. The fiir-tra.le ln^j^an to lu' the i^reat hii.iness of the col, mists. an,l the St. •lor." and other ,,n,ntries or "eities'-of the I — - "i u,e . o.on.sts. an,i tlie.s, X,.„. U-,,rl,l Tl, '"''."'. ""^^ o "'^ 'awren.erueruasthethon.n.i^htarehvwhi, 1 .>< u \\,iri,i. 1 he ( omimssion w.ts ain,).i tl, ...;i ,■ .1 , , .n ,,im,.sl the tlihes tr,,m the lake ,,Mintrv uele eliahle, i-'jii.il to the ( iimiiiand to -4,) hirth and p,).ses. ,,, ,■ ,., 1, \t . 1 , , ' ,■ the earth s;;, .,„•, , , , • .' '" ''■"'' -^'"H'real. wluie ihev ,ll.p,,sed ,il me caitn. Six ships cinliarke( in t iis exoe- ii,,.;,- . 1 .• 1 ■ , ,. ,-.■ ,• ■ oosixjiL then st,i(k ol .kins. t u ,i. )\ t 11. ir i,l,. ilwi ' ^^^ ""^ -" "■- ^vl,ieh were gathered ml; ■::::„;„• "'7;, 7 '''''■'" T '"" Winter. The next vear thev ,-ame a.^ain and , ■ '"■'""""5^' »l^^' ""- f"nn,! the little . donv m-.ool : hio ^•""-"''^-"1 I"'--", portion of o„r ,an,t ^-.rtier then explore.! the ri^ ^ i r^!' " 'T'''- '■'"'" ""' '""' '" ' "'' - the Sa,uenay, and the new s.-enr :;::.:'':i,,'rT* ',:"..'-' ;-;•'''-■'' ^ ^l hanlly be believe,! even bv those who were in Zn7^ 'l i '''""^" "'"' ''1 ""' "'"' "'" tl- midst, mueh less bv th,>se wh,. listen d s ' "T'T ''' ''" '"^"'" '" ;;;;;■.-'-;- Th,s,eeim,issti,M;:::d :::::: ::;;:;\;:;::'!;;;--'----'^ m a pleasurable de-rce by those who behohl lor tlie llrst time the srenerv of the low a- St " ^^'■''' '' '"" ''"'!'' ^'"1" Ix-iver, -■■ ditirrcanad.: T'^'T .•' '""■' ^^"••- ^"* ■' '"■^■"" '"" ''-- -"-tment; not a a e u 1 : t ;'"''--'^"<-^ two years .lilT but llin,s on tlu- .!,.„■ wave som,- una,.,, -ai e iT ; '^ ttp.ove,l a failure of .l.li.ht. Kverv turn an,l motion of th .eft totnlir::;;: ""• ^'"" "- — - "•- '"";- - -- •'-^- ---■ -^- ■■.> : scenes tliat las,anate the ,-ye. an.l pictures /'/// /■ II 11 !■, 1,1 llin (Ir.nv tlir soul in wopihrm- .idiniiMiion I" 111'' ^i-.Ml .\rn\i Divmr. |!c ii niiis i„ inii-.c on sn( h >cciu's ; niirs in -li,l,. iluoiii;!, tlicMi from (laylntMk till tlir iKMntit'uI niL;lu trccp, on ;ini| l.roo,|s in -nirnin siillnrs, ovit ■'II- 'riiioiij;!! .ill 111,. yr,ii-.oriit\. tl„. nieinorv "I '-n. h srcnrs l,i>i ; tlu.y , onic in <:>v;nn^, and wiMo\i>i| llR-ni in nu-niorv's ticaMirr-hoiisr. ■|''H'y ilraw ns ncaivr the ivallv f^ood and I'tMuliful which «-,■ all ,onu' dav hope t.) mioy. 'I'lio work in hand is (mu/ of iniporlam .• to (^mada and tlu- fnital Slates, and is of o-pr- •lal inlric-l lo persons who live' williin ihi' si'< lion ol coiinivy < .ncivd hy it. as well as lo all admirers of .\nuri( an sumhtv. The scope and desi-ii is sufMcienlly broad lo ( (unpreheml everylhiiii,' ol" interest. The pictiiresipie por- tions ,ire wiihin the iinn'ts named, and the\ are arii>iic. \-irw^ of scenery aiul of vill.l^ alone will make the uorkofare.it v.diir. Th,, s( ene> will not only lie new. never before h.ivin- l-een presented I., the pnhhV in this , omplete li'iin -- but the enjoyment and improvemem "I'lhein by the pleasnre-se.kers who m.ike tln' islands their periiianent .Siinnner homes, i^ .d^o a new le.itnre in .\meric,in Snnnnerdife, anil add-, very much to ihe natural l)eanl\. These islands are petty kin-doins. King in close and friendly inosiniiiy to e.u h other — tided by no power except the wishes, ( onUort and happiness of those who call them " Home." In llK' upper St. Lawrence there are over lifteen hundred of these islands. A lar-e por- tion of them are owned by wealthy persons, many of whom liave built upon theni line resi- ''•■I" l■^■lnd laid out la. tefid -rounds. W iihin the past few vears the impnneinenN in ihi> "lire, lion iKivelu^en verv ,t;re.ii. ( (ne imnu^n-e lanip-nuH^tin- enl.upri-,,. h.u cilh^d into exist- ence hindred-, ,)f fme coiia-,'s lui tlie l,ir^;esi i^l.nid, and many ih^sirable residences on the low.r ,nd of th,. ,,im,., whil,. ,.v^.,v isl.md, dnrinj; the sumnuu- monih-,, -„'em> to lu'ar its I'oi-non. if not of pirinamait Sinmnerdiomes, "I transient lentiiiL; or , ampin- parties. Skiffs ,and ste.nn y,i, his bein.i; the onl\ iiumiis of j;ettinn I'nmi inland to i>l,md. or from an island to the 111, nn sh(Ue, they arc of necessity ir.iima-ous, :iiul hamUome ami e\p,aisive ones are pl,ail\. 'I'hev move silently about, with (ishin- or \isliin- p.irlies, in the day-time; ■md wlun the soft evening .lir, so pecidi.ir lo this region, has settled down, and the beautiful sunset f,ided out, the different islands will b,- 'ome illuinin.iteil ; b,,,its loailed with h.ippv ple.isnre-.eekers glide about among them ; tluai it is ihat the s,.arclidight expedition gets in lis wiard work: the musi, of bands and of \oices Hoai> out upon the pure, clear air, over the placid waters — and th,. heart , annot but 'vspond in In fullest gladness. Nowhere on earth, .luay irom th,. sil,.,,! .\driatic, has the poet's dre.im of Veni, e been so fullv, raj.tur- ously realized. For fully forty miles in the iiPl'^-'i- i^t- l.awren,,. (between Kingston, Caj.e \'in(c'nt and l!rock\ille). where these islands are ihi, kest, the scenery by dav is grand and inspiring, while the illummatiims, the music, the ll.ishing bo.its and the festivities make the evenings enchanting. THE CHAIN OF TITLE. ^"IIK iinp,.rtan(e of these islands, which ^ torni the northwestern bound.iry of Jefferson county, demands historical, onsiiicra- tion distinct and separate from the towns in whi.-h they are situated. Cape Vincent, Clay- ton, Orleans and .Alexandria each claim a part ol the islands, since they are mapped and de- scribed as belonging to the towns which front upon the river opposite. The islan.Is proper really begin ;il Cape Vincent and Kingston, and extend to .Mmrisioun .ind Droi kville, al'oui thirty-eight miles below, and are about 1,500 in number. I'he author has been sometimes pu/zled what to believe as he listens to diverse state- ments of the same general facts as related by (lilTerent individuals. Xo understand the errors of many such statements, at once de- monstrates the unreliability of oral testimony, and shows the importance of serious invest'i- war 14 . / s<>ii/:.\//< (>/■ I III: M\ L.ni-i. The ini'oii'.isteiK V "{' siii h a locaiinn ot' the dividing; line betueen two governments nil! be a|)|iarent tu the most (■a^^al ob>ei'\ef. lint under smh misinformation there weri.' iiiunei- ous settlements b\' Canadian^ upon that im- poriant island, claiming that they were within the limits of their own country. The truth is that in the treaty di\ ivioil of these islands there u.is no attem|il to di\ide any i-'land. The treaty called for a line runniiv^ up the " main channel of the Si. Lawrence." but when the commissioners <,ime on to loi ,Ue the line, they found two main ch.inncls, lioth navigable, though the soatlie.ist (the .\meric.in) ch.mnel w.is l)\' f.ir the sir. lightest, ,ind i> un- doubtedly the main ch.umcl of the river at llial point: and so the commissioners " g.ue and took " islands under the ireatv, WelUlev Isl.iiul l.dling to tlie I'niled -States because so nt.Mr its main shore, .md Wolfe Isl.md going to the ('anadiaus for a siinil.ir re.ison. The |ilai e whi( h this be.iulifiil region holds in .\merican hislor\' is second onh to that occupied b\ N'ew I-",ngland and I'Kmoutii Rock, while liie memories ,iiul tr.ulitions u hich cluster around il ari 's thrilling and romantic as are to be foiiml in ihe new world. W .irs, pir.K y, Ir.igech' .md nusterv lia\e inntribuled to its lore. The people of the I'nited Si, lies should ever be. ir in mind that this river w.is disco\ered In the Sp.inish. coiitpieied b\' the hrcnch, .igain conquered by the I'-nglish, wiiose footprints lia\e become indelible. Th.it n.ition \et controls the wlujle river for long dist.mces, and is half owner for \et other long distances. It is ihe gr.in\^, beginning at the western end of Like ( )ntario, eviilori'd that lake and tile Si. I.awreni'e to Sorel river, thus passing through the Thousand Island region on to I ,ake ( )nt.irio and the li.iy of < Juinte. I low or when or by whom the world's atten- tion W.IS first ( .died to this .in hipelago is cer- t.iiiil) .1 matter of doubt, but < ertainly at an earlvd.ite it had iin|)resse(l itself upon the lover of the gr.md and beautiful, t'or at least two centuries ago the I'reiu h ( hristeiied it " Les Mille Isles "-- The Thousand Isles. The later .md more completely ilescriptive I'-nglish name for it is "The Lake of a '['hoiisand Islands." Tile St. L iwreiici.' has marked the line of separation and the Thousand Islands have been the scene of some of the important c.im- p: igns in four great contlic ts betwi en n.itioiis. The first w.is the Indi.in war between the .■Mgompiins and the I rocpiois. w hich continued m.inv \ears, with m <\ision.il intermissions. The second struggle w.is between the l''rench and l-',nglish, and some of its hostile meetings .ind \ il lories .md defeats look jilace among the isl.inds .md on the neighboring shores. In the .Xmerican Re\ olutionarv u.ir uitli luigland, and that between the s.mie forces in t8ij, the defense of this loi .ilitv was of decided im- portam e, but its joint 011 iipancv was settled by the uise men of both i oiintries. Some of the most esciting incidents of that ilisgr,iceful milil.iry .uhenlure known as the I'.itriol W'.ir, \iith its intermiltent outbreaks fiom iS^7 to iS^(), took iil.ice on this jKirt of the river, not.ibly the burning of the ("anadian steamer Sir Robert I'eel, on W'ellsley Island, (HI the night of .May, j(), iS;,,S, and tlie battle of the Windmill, near I'rescotl. ( )nt., Novem- ber 13, of the same year. The development and wiHiderful im re.ise in the v.iliie of these islands have been iniire espeiu.illy tlue to intluences wliii h have origi- nated ai Alexandri.i liay. The isl.mds were tr.inslerred to the Sl.iti- of New Wnk through the sever, il treaties willi the aboriginies, follow- ./ h'.i/.w /).n .//■ /■///,■ /s/..ix/)s. 15 ing the same ( liain of title hy u hich il,,.' main shore, from the Hudson to the Si. F,a\vrenci', '■anic linden he pro|)rietary and governin,^ con- trol of the Stale. The dividin^r ijne between the rniled Stales and Canada pas.ses some- uhal arbitrarily amon- the islands, varvinj; in si/e from a small pile of ro(:l<> ( overed by a i^'\y stunted irres, to others (|uite large— one of them (Wellsley Island) rontaining nearly 10.000 acres of arable land. This valuable Inland uas conceded to the I'liited States iin- de'- the treaty with Knghind, negotiated at the close of the war for intle|iendence. The State 01 N'eu \'ork, by patent under its great seal, conveyed the islands to Colonel Mlislui Camj), a diMingiiished citi/en of Sa( kets Harbor, ^^- ^'• In 1845 A/ariah Walion and Chester- held Parsons purchased (not from Col. Caiiij), I'll! from Vales .V Mdntyre, of hjttery fame,' whose title came from Camp), the north we^^t li.ilf of Wellsley Island an>i|;5,ooo. lOvent- ii.illv the I'arsons interest was purchased by U all,m, who became sole owner, and continued •IS siK h until the firm of Cornwall \- Walton was est.ibli.lie.l in 1S53, when they imrchased nearly the whole of the remaining half of WelMey Mand, and then that firm became sole owner of all these islands, having vested in ihein all the rights and title originally granted Colonel C:amp l,y the State of .\ew York. 'I'o Hon. Andrew Cornwall, for nearly fifty years at Alexandria li.'v, and alwa\s its de- voted friend and advocate, is due the greate.^,! credit for the movement which has developed the Thousand Islands, and he is yet spared to greet each se.ison the great conipanv who come year by year to enjoy the grand ri\er. A brief sketch of his life, as well as his por- trait will be ap].reciated. He is the iiatriarch of Ihe American side of the iijiper St. Lawrence. The \alue of the islands was cpiiie noniin.il until they fell under the new firm's control, and even for several years afterward, l':vent- ually there grew uj) a demand tor them, and I hey were sold low, but with a clause in the <:onvevance requiring a cottage to be erected within three years. Col. Staples obtained as a free gift the grcjunds upon which he erected the Thousand Island House. As an indica- tion of the present value of at least one of these islands, it is now made public that §10,000 was offered and refused for an isl.md s()ld by Cornwall \- Walton for §100. The Canadian islands were not, of course, inc hided in the grant to Camp, Vales \- Mclntviv, or to Cornw.dl \- Walton. .\ considerable number "f these Canadian islands were lately .sold by ih.it ( ioverniuenl. ^ A RAINY DAY AT THE ISLANDS. Cl'NSIIlXLandd.ulight.uealiheirbest and with fnendlv , l,,,t, not cbs.uism.. ,n ^ "'"""^ ''- '^'■'■^''^' '="' -•-' ^' --■ <— na, yawn, the licnir tor an eiirlv dmiK 'hi\ has its ccmpensations. Then the men si IV around Ihe hotels, and devote iheniselve. to the l.idies, who are not .so much given to fishing as are iheir escorts. The book that was but Lately c ast aside f„r something prom- ising greater /esl, is now resumed at the turned-down page, .ind the promised letter is lli'iiighi c.f ,ind leisurely written. The l.idies gather upon the vernulas of the hotels, ,uul with c i-oc heting and talk and e.\c hange of ex- periences, pass away the time. .Main predic- tions are made .is to the duration of the rain .r socm arrives, ,nul after thai comes the after- noon nap, Ihe early lea and then the pleasures '>t the evening. Some dance, the voung brides ami the other bright ones who are very willing to become brides and share in the liappiness they w.itch so intently, these steal away to the darker corners of the verandas, where ( onfidences and an occasional pressure' "'the hand (possibly a kiss) may be indulged in without loc, much imblicity. So. almost 'inllaggin.ly, the day passes awav, and [olin, llie oarsman, promising fair weather to-mor- 1 6 .1 »'/-/7;\/A' ('/•■ /■///: .s/: / .nvh'/:\c/- ia\-i r. iim, sti||iu'>> anil slccii ( rirp i)\fr llir li,i|i|i\' I nin|i,iii\. wild ;iic uillinj; td ck'c Lire lli.il c\cii .1 iMin\- (lay i\ tniowihlr .imniii; the I'hijii-.aiui Inland-.. whciT tlu' Mift ()iilliiK'>, (if the cvcl- sarviiiL: sIioiy' arc lialT lii(l(l(.a), half i(.'\ imKhI llir(ni-li ilu' rail)) n)i>l, a> if wailiiij; for ilu; -im'-> cm liantin^ |Hi\\cr to (Icve'luj) tluar liid- (kn ni\ st(.'ii(.'s and riwal iluir (.•iiliancinL;, rotfid licaiilics. Thi^ i> iiuKcd iliai " INn'i ot IV'.uc," into ulii( li. uIkii (incc \(Ui lia\c sailed y.iiir l.oai, \(iii arc j^lad to >ta\-, and nou leave the ^|Hlt with >ad rc_t;rcts, id be reiiieiii- licied a'\\a\s a-> the iilaee uherc the -muiI is liti'.'il ii|i to Cdd ill -lad lliaiikfulnc» thai lie c\cr made such a lotiiij; >\ma for IIi> wearv ( hildrcn. uhd, thrdiijj,li inaiu piliiriiiiaucs in main Kind-, at la-t tind here a spot thai lilU the him-iy sdul uith sati>fa( tidii. N"W , A- Kl I ll, \I. I II. All uhd lia\'e c\cr remained here fdr a week arc edn-( idus that after l!ie third (ir fdtiilh da\- there i> a |ie('uiiar i hanue in the >yslem. It \()ti ha\e lieen trduMcd wiih insomnia, it lici^ins Id lea\( ydii, and natural, restful sleep asserts its sway. Wm like to sit and rest. Vdiir le,i;s becdinc la/\, and ymi are luit at .ill aiixidus lor Idii.L; walks. The Ik.IcI's shadv settees li.ive lie( onic malters fdr ( (iiisiiiera- tidii : you com hide, .ifter iiiik h arminienl, which is the easiest diie, and best iiroleclcd trdiii the sun. \'oii v.iwn ot'tcn, and wonder what li.is cdiiie (i\er yiui. \'oii can lav down and t.ike .i nap ,it almost anv hour after lo ^. M- N'lii lanL;iiidl\ push aside the news- paper whose loaders only last week were read with the most intense interest. I'lie spjiit ot' Rest ( reeps upon \(iii almost unawares, for \(iur svsteni is beiii^u fed upon the o/one of this health-L;i\ iiii; spot. The verv air bei oiiies an .iclivc allv in behalf of your overworked nerves, and betore \-ou are aware of it. voii l)e;4in to till u|i with reserve ldr( c. that shall stand you in -ood stead in the ( itv's licit .md ]Jtish. These benelM i.il inlliiciues ,ire within the rcicli of all. 'I'liere are now hotels and hoardint^dioiises at .\lc\andria Hav, Thousand Island I'ark, Clayton, ("ape \'iuceiit, West- miiisier Park, l\(juiid Isl.ind, .md ,ii main other resorts, where the po.U" man i ,in liiid ontert.iinment uitliin his ine.iiis, .md ihc rii h man. too (mm h .is he is ( riti( ised). iii,i\ also liiiil ( omlorts adapted to his desires. In toriner times there were onlv the more expen- sive resorts, and that kept away the middlc- ( lass of suininer tourists. Th it is .ill ( handed now, .111(1 ever\ condiiidn e\i ept the ( ludiii- ( ,illy pdor , an find bd.irdim; houses within their me, Ills. Ii will not be Iohl: befori' this ;;re,il n.ition.il \'a( .ition j'.irk, ^S miles Idiiu, will be ea-erly soii-ht b\ all (luiditidiis ol sd(iciv, I'roiii the skilled me( h.iiiK to the niiilidnaiie, I'mi \ai i i: (U Ri ~i . .Many people m.ike the iiiist.ike (if siip- iHisiiiL; th.it ,1 slimmer v.uatidn is ni,| , ,,iii- Jilcte iiiikss (le\(it((l Id various sorts nl physic, ll e\er( ise. Ii seciiis to be t.ikeii for ,L;r,inted lli.it the eiier-i.s di' budv ,iii(l mind caniidt be rciuper.ited e\( cpl bv trips and (livcrsidiis ih.it ( .ill fd|- muscular elldrt. Slim- mer resorts ih.it do not olfer such opportuni- ties aic dtten thdiighi td be \ antiiii; in prupcr .iltr.K lidiis. There is aiidther ( l.iss of people. siK ll .1- artists, le.Kliers .ind ( ler^vnien, who seek |ila( cs wluri' tlie\ iiia\ pursue their iisu.il wdrk amid new sinKiundinus. Under suit.tble restriitidiis peril. ips nn harm (dines liiim this. ('Iiaii,i;e nl' .lii .ind nl' diet are beiietk ial, .ind new fa( cs .md new si em rv tend id brc.ik up the iiKindldin nl' ,ill idil ,iud c.ire. There .ire iml eii(iui;h people, however, who .ippreciate ilie v.diie of a period of .ibso- lute rest, .111 entire (cssation from .Klivity. just .Is 1,111(1 is better for bciiiL; .ilhiwed tii lie t.illdvv, the physical and ineiit.d i iieri;ies of m.in are better for beim.; .illowed to rcjiose for ;i time. .Nothini.; is lost bv peniiitiin- mind .111(1 body e.icli year lo indidi^e thus in .1 lew d.Us' slumber. .\ short season spent in louii;.;- iiii; .iboiit the Thoiis.md i-,|,inds, vvat( liiii- i he shiltini; water, or in idling in the woods .md Ik'lds, with their fresh odors .md ( h.in-iii:; views of hill and dale, li-lil .iiid sh.ide. island .111(1 shore, as tliev intermin-le .md then sep.i- ate, will olfen fill the fr.iiiie with new vi-or ;# lliiN. I I.lilillii.l I,. Ml l;h K, HI ' I \\ I c>N. UNK UK INK llv'M-:UK> 'U i II U I 'W^, AM' "NUv iHl. 1..\|M,1.>1 \ t-.>sl-.l, oWNKK ON IIIK 11 I'KI; KIV KK. 4 •«* //".\-. i:i.ni. r.uti. u- ,„„ l,„lc Icsu.v. ..a.cl ,. „u,h whnl, nudli- a.l .s su.n a chan,. l.^ndlnal u hen tl„. ,.nt „„vi,n viM.o,. hav „v,,„cnlly n,„..l. .l.c,m.,nu.,c,-,.u,,a,non,,lK.n,nc,K.s. Then. Th. uarninu has a s,., ial ,im lin J iust a, I cvu .he encr„cs .hnul.l 1„. ca.vfully In,.- |„vsent, and the s.vker afier a spot wh re ,he ■;.Hl^. I. Kn.hsl, ,.h,l„sop„e,- w„„ a.- ve,-y s,.ul n.ay ,est .,„ .nul L VA l.:.l se.te.l that AnuT.ean. ua.rk tun hard and take anion.u the Thousand Mands. HON. ELDRIDGE G. MERICK. It I-- rortiinate U>v mir history that u-e are .ihle to present to otir readers, from an en- tirely rehahh- soiine, a \ery < ircum-,ianlial and aeeuraie record ot the lite of one of the yreat ri\er'> most widely known, distin- .Ltuished and able deni/ens. who rose from small he-innin-s to the very firsl rank in inisiness and in eiti/.nship. Indeed, the writer re- niemliers no man in Jefferson romiiv who was sil|)eri,.r to Mr. Meri, k. There were two or three. I Ion. ( )r\ ille I lungertord. 1 Ion. C. |;, Hoard, and perhaps Gen. W'm H. Ani^el. who siood .is hi-h in probity ,ind tailhfulness to friends ami to society, and were as patriotic and hi-h minded as .\[r. >[eri, k, hut lie h.id no " superior " in his adopted coiintv, nor in Northern New \'ork, nor on the river. He was the llftli cliikl in a f.miilv of nine children, six hoys and three -iris, and was born .March 6, iSo.-. in Colchester, Del.iware county, N. \\, from which place he m.ived with the family to Sherhurne. c:henan,-o •oiinty, It the a-e of about four vears. The section to which the family removed was almost an unbroken wilderness, with few in- habitants ,ind no schools or opportunity for obtainin- an edu<-ation. The principal amuse- ment for a boy of his an;e w.is pickin- up the hrnsh and burning it. preparing the land lor '•i-ops. The first school he attended was at the age of nine. The school held for only l')ur months. At the end of the four month's he was able to read a neuspa|ier fairlv well. He continued at home, himself .ind brother carrving on the farm, until eleven, at which tune he went to live with a man named Clark. I'hat family had no children, and Kldridge was treated as their own child. .Nfr. Clark had a small f.irm on the Chenango river, which this boy (.irried on princiii.illv, with '"iisionally a little help from the ownei. Hi-, business, after getting through with the work of the farm in the fall, was to chop and IMit up ten ,ords .,f wood before going to school the lirst year, incre.ising it live cords each year until he got twenty-live cords, which w.K all that w,i> needed for the tamilv. I'lld- ndge attended the (oiintry sihuol from three ." four months e,uh winter, until seventeen ve.irs of age, .ind then he comniencid te.ich- in.u. When Mr. CI, irk went to St. ,,awrence •oiintv in iSjo, young Merick went vith him. rem.iiiiing there until twenty-one years of .age! Arriving at majority, the people with whom he lived not being in a situation to do any- 'hing lor him. he found it necessarv to shift for himself. His first eUort was a' contra, t for buililing .1 stone w.ill ,ii Russell. .St. Law- rence county, after which he went to Water- lown. Jefferson county, working there for sever.il m,,ntlis. ,ind delivered the material tor the old stone I'resbyterian chun h ; thence to Sackets Harbor, to work for I'estus Cl.irk. a brother of his former employer. , is clerk in I small store. Remaining there tor a short time, he went to Depauville. in the same cip.i- li.y, with Stephen Johnson, who had a coun- try store, and was also engaged in (he lumber business for the (Jiiebec market. He remained with Mr. Johnson two vears. superintending his lumber business h.rgely. and while there became ac.piainted with^Nfr. Jesse Smith, who h.id been furnishing .Mr. .lohnson with me.ns l,. carry on his lumber hiismess. Mr. Johnson was unfortunate in iHisiness and failed at the end of two vears, and was sold out by the sheriff, which salj was attended by Mr. Smith as a cre.litor. ami 1 . / .mT/V.WA' t> I III: m: 1 .1 iruixci-: i Inmherinu iiiterests, and in the l''all ot the same \e,ir olfeied him a | i.irl iiership ,iiid ,in interest in the lui^ine^s. which w.i^ .niepted, .ind so youn- .Mem k liei.ime the manai;er. The l)nsiiu'ss de\'elo|ied into a pretty lari;e one. devoted prim ip.dly to linnluT designed foi the (Juehec market, and ,dso the lunldinL; and running; ol" vesseU. The timher and staves, whii h were the principal Inisines-., were ob- tained ahoiit the head of I ,:ike ( )nt.irio and Lake I'^rie, extending; into 1., ike Hnron, .md were transported hv vessels across the lakes to Clayton, on the .St. I„iwrem e. and there m.ide into rafts for tr.insport.itimi to (^Miehec. Ol these r.ilt-, there weie several inaile np every year, amount in;; (.n cordiiiL; to their si/.e) to %'40,ooo or •'^^50,000 e.n h. These rafts had to lie made veiy strom; to run the rajiids ol the river, seven or eight in number. Plach sti( k of o.ik timber was tied up with large oak wisps, forming what was called .1 dram, and from ten to twenty or thirty dr.inis in a r.ift. The r.il'ts were propelled by ,1 number of small sails, but usually went but little f.ister th.m the ( urrent. At the r.ipiils a jiilot and extra men were t.iken to \. /•;//'/,'//'( ;/; (/. .i//;a7( 7\-, 21 iiul the wluMt i)\H'|- llir runil ami to iiKukcl by vessels, liiit fur I lie inill ;it ( )^\vej4<). Diiiiiij; the war, or at the close, the mill was making \er\ lavLte iirolits, iVoia ?* i to ,'«!J a barrel, hut unfortunately it took fire and Imrned down, with a larf^e sto( k of urain and llour on hand. The loss was pretty well protei ted hy insurance, hui ihe profii wliirli they would have made it the mill had not Imrned down, ( ould not have l.een jirovided for. 'I'he a( tual loss was nearh' ,>«!r 50,000. I'erlKU-. hi-. Inst and i^reatest t'lnanciai loss was ihrouL;h the failure of a larj;e commission house (Suul.im. Sai;e iV Co.) in New York, in 1.S50. liut that loss l)rou_^ht j^eneroiis and promjit jiroffiTs of aid from business men in W'ateltown, Kin,u-.tou and (Jueliec. whic h Wtue Ion;,; after most t;ratefully remembered. I'he ijreat financial disasters of 1.S57 and i.S7jalso broui;ht misfortune to him. as well as to miiny others. He was greatly helped in all these re- verses by the coninlence that his i reditors had in his ability and strict inlej^rity, steadil\ re- fusini; comiironiises when offered. He i)aid dollar for dollar, though often at great sacri- fice of pro]ierty. Vor many years Mr. Meri{ k was president of the Sa<:kets Harbor Hank, relinquishing the position on leasing Jeffer- son countv. I'dr niauv years he found Clayton was too much at one sits. He was strongly attached to the people of Jefferson county and the beautiful St. [,awrence, and it was with main' regrets that he left his old friends and pleasant home, with all the associations of youth and manhood, to make a home, in 1.S59, at the more central ])oint, |)etroit. Here he took an honored position among the business men of the city, many of whom sought advice from him, glad to ])rofit by his large e.xperience. In addition to other business, he bought an interest in the Detroit Dry Dock Company for the firm of .\lerick, Ksselstyn i."v Co. John Owen, Cordon CJainpbell and .\leri.elstyn \' Co. .M'ter the f.iilure of iS;;. .Mr. Merick was too old a man to again do bu-.incss with his former (onfideiice and ^uccess. In 1829 Mr. .Merii k m.irried Miss Jane C. l''owler. She dieil in 1 ,SSi, le.iving four sur- viving children — all of whom li.ive |iroven usefid and lionoreil member^ of soi iety. Mrs. Cyrus McCormitk, wlio was .Mr. .Mer- ick's niece, was the daughter of .Mel/ar I''ow- ler, born at I'.rownville. .\'. \'., and sur\ives her distinguished husband, who was that C. H. .\I( Cormick. so long the leiider in manu- faiiuring reapers for the li,ir\est field, whose m.ichines havt' gone into all lands. He was the one to introduce that inestim.ibly \aluable machine into I''.ngland, .is is so well spoken of in Haddock's History. .Mr. .Merick was very early interested in the temperance movement. It hail been the cus- tom to jiut whisky among the necessary stores for every raft and vessel. He very soon real- ized the injury it was doing, made liipior a contraband article. sup|ilied tea ami coffee in- steatl. and made it his per^on.d duty to visit cabin and forecastle, to confiscate and throw overbo.iid any spirits smuggled on bo.ird. Tiie sailors who m.inned his vessels came from the adj.icent farms and villages. \'oung men, beginning as cabin boys, or before the mast, were fre(|Uentl\ advanced as they proved worthy and capable to be mates, cajitains and shareholder^, and .ill looked up to him as to a personal friend and father. One who had sailed for him thirt\-l"ive years wrote: " The accounts for these years agjire- gated more than half a million of dollars, but never an error to the value of a cent in his books, never a sour look or unkind woril. 1 was always treated more as an ecpial tli.'in as a ser- vant." .\iiotlier who -.erveil him forty years said: " I have received trom him nothing but kindness. When in need of aid or counsel his generous heart always resjionded to my wants. In prosperity and adversity, sunshine and storm, he was alway true to principle, and / M'/ 1/ \//y 11/ nil. s/ I iwRi \i / A'/;/ A'. Iiiic lo hiinsi'li ,1-..! in.ui. cmt follDuinu ilic Ciiilcliii Kiili'.'" Mr. Mcrii 1< li.hl iin |iiilitic,il :i>|FiiMliims. \u- \ mill u i^liiiii; In i|,i liic host |i(i>-,iliK' lnr his nun iiiwn^liiii, 111 wliii li he u ,is M-\ iT.il iiinr> >il|HT\ isiii. Ill' w.is a -Hoiil; Whii,', ami ^.ivc miiiit\, iiiiic ami mlliuiu r Id |iinmiil(j the in- trlc^N 111 ihal |iail\. Tu irr \]c \\m> iiumiii.ilid Idf ('iinuri.>>, AUil lan .liuail nf his liikcl; I HI IT 1)1)1 h |iariii's u islinl lu imiic ii|iiin him as lii''ii' ( .mdiilalc, 1)111 his liii^incs^ iiiliacsis "I'lilcl iiiil ]uiinil hiiii III .11 ri|il the ndiniii.i- liiiii. I li- ua-~ also iiiu' (if ihf KKm lorai Cnl- h'ui'. viiiin;4 lnr rri'>iiKaii W iliiain 1 1. I lairi-niK I 111' lillf lit jiiil-c \va-> LiiM'ii him ulicii he was a|i|inink'il as^m iale jml-r nl IrltiMsnii (n!iiil\. 1)111 he Irll that il ri-iU!ull\ lielnnmil "iil.v til a man nf Ic^al training; ami aliilitw Thr I'alrinl War nl iS^; ;S < aiisoil mmli irniililc and an\irl\ all a.lnn- th,' linnlrr. ami lirniiL;ht in;j,itlur main nl' ilif hi'st nun nl N'oithuin New \ nrk ami Canada in (nimiil iD^L-tlK-r and take sm h iiKasiircs as umild iii- siiri.' jicicL'. I >iK' lit ihc Canadian nuanlicrs nf ihal rmii- miikL' nf arliitraiinn u rnU' : " I Inw mm h tin- liii^li rliai.K In and llir rnnlidcnrc ins|iin-d li\ \niir tallicr in Canada, assisk-d inallavin- ihr irrilaiinii wliii h i'\istcd nn Imlli .-ides nf the line. 'I'll him m.iiiy misgnided men nue their deliverance frnni estreiile |i'ril. I well re- nieinlier the ellei 1 iiimn mv nun mind, imt .i little e.\as|ieiated at the lime. li\ hi- e\|i|.in,i- tiniis as to the sincere, iuil mistaken \ieus wliK h indm ed many L;nni| ,nid uiiilii\ |ieii|ile In enL;aL;e in ur e.\lenil aid Inuh.il lhe\ siip- jKise to he a movenieiit in assisting; the n;.- pressed. " Mr. .Merick, de|ilnrin^ his nun in,iliilit\ in niitaiii a cnile^iale ediicatinii. was re.iiK tn ,iid sdiiiiL,' men with sin h as|iir,i!inn-. 'I'lie sm - cess ot m.m_\- Imsine-s men was nuinn '" lln' cniinsel and siilistantial aid he i;.ive. Academ- ies, cnlleLies, ( liiin he-. |uililic .md prisale charities were cheerfully .lided li\' him as " the I.nrd iirns|iered him ." His nnlile, ciiiirtly lie.iriiiL;. his im.issiimiiyL; 111. inner, his thiiii-hlfnlness, tenderness and beiieMilciK e, his f.iiihfiilness ami iiitej^rity m.ike ,1 rich len-icv In < hildreii .ind i iiildicn's ( hildren. Il h.ld aluMNS lieell hi- thniinht ill. II .1 lill^i- ne-s iii.m should keep ai unrk till the end nl life. In the uinli'inf iSS; .S.S, reali/inu t mm his aihMiiced ve.irs ih.it his siren-lh u.is la-i l.iiliiii;, he decided tn -ell the lemaininL; \e--els nl llu' lleel. |-'rid.iy. l'"e!iriiarv lo, iSSS, the cniiiiact u.is made fnr sellin- the last niu'. .S.itiird.u, I eliiiiary ii, the pipers were In he sii;iied. lie t.iriieil .i little in the mmninL;, peril. ip- nnl ipiite .Is well .is ii-ii,il, atler .i siiineuh.ii re-tle-s nii;hi - - his mind im dnnlii lill-\ uilh reliiiniscem es nf the p.isl, .illd s,id- eiled liv the i li,inj;e nf .ilf.iiis. I'he' m.iil liiniliiht news frnm ahseilt liuednlles. While l.dkiiit; uitli his d.iiiLihier. siiiinn liesuK' him, III the ^111 III tidings ii i ei\ ed, his he, id d nipped, line sii;h w.is L;iven, "the siKer curd u\is Inn-ed," " the t;i ilden lunvl u.i- hrnken," -he h.ld Inline llnlii his wnik In his rest ,md his reu .lid. riiii- p.ts-ed .lu.iy, .ifter .ill hull n.ilile and a n-eliil life, one n\ the nio-t uidelv-kiinun .md iii-tl\ •iionored of the ri\er men, w Im 1 .line In m. Ill's esl.ile ill Jeltersiin i ounlw and spent the tlouer nt' his life there. His de.ith oci Hired .11 heirnit, leliiiKii\ i i, iS.S.S. in his Sfllh \eai. Mr. .Merick .md wile ri_Mied a f.imilv nt liiiir children. They ueie : .\I.\ki\ |)., uiie <>i I-.i.K I,. I,\(in. a nalive nt ( )i;dens!MirL;, N. V. 1 hey reside .it Ked lands, C.il. llkMiN \ (1. Ml KICK, wife i>\ \'.. I. Carrinu- tnii, of |-iilion. .\. V. The} re-ide ,il Detroit, .Mich. ,\Ii:i /.\k !■■. .Miuii K, died March j.S, t.Si;^. Hi- uile U.IS .\l.ir\ Whittle-e\ , of 1 ),iiil iiir\', Ciinn. It. N.VMi: C., uife of ('■. \. Ch.iflVe, of De- troit, \] ich , wliii 11 is their home. .Mr. .Merick was in in.iiu' re-|)ei 1- .i pei ii- li.irly alile in, in, and should lie spoki.'ii ol .ipait from his m.iii\ luisiness enterprises. J mli^meiU w.is the le.idiiiL; ipialitx of his mind. To str,tnL;ers he .ippe.ired reserved, the result of his native modesty, and not the nul^rouih of any feeling,' of superiority or of sell-elatioii. T I c^ 4 & C~^^TtCxJ //i>.\. .i.\7>Aw:ir niAWir.i/ /.. 25 lli-.^(iiil \v,l^ IDO u;rr.it ,111(1 hi-, )iiil-iiiriit tun \ ilcil (:(iiiri(Kn( r, .iiiil ( uiirulc'iicr m him meant >uli(l liir .in\ sill h fiillv as thai. Ili- was laiii- satVtv. ('hildrrn AUt] aiiimaN never shunned iienlly ilemoc rat h , siiiipk' in his maniieis and his siirii'lv, l'(i|- tliev inluitivelv perceived iiis his ladles, as have lieen all the reallv ijieat i;entleness under his greatness. X'ii'wcd in men the u liter has encountered. .Mr. Merii k .in\' li^^lit. as a man of alTairs, the possessor was not a --h.irer in the ((iinm.ind ot" aiiiiie>^ and dis|ienser of lari^e wealth, as the unosteii- nor is it proD.ilile th.it he evei knew what it t.itious luil e\e|- \iL;ihint ( iti/.en of a fri-e wa-. lo he thrilled l)\ .1 liu-le call orlnMlol ( niinlr) , or a> the sincere ( 'hiistian. he pos- • Iruin ; \el he intensely apjireciated the ses' ■•(! so many excellencies that he fell hut stiiiL;L;le endured hv the Unimi arnue>, whose little short of earthly perfection. fie lel't a perils lie would suiel\ ha\e sli.ire a patriot m the peculiarly sweet, and enlirelv iint.iriiished. hii^lie^t sense cjt that leini. Aniidsi all the ,\nd it is I'minL,' to hold uji sucli a < liarai ter to duties ol his exaciin- husiness, he u as a ciui- 1 he admiration of ilie youth u ho come after sisieni Christian; the travelin- Mel!iodi>i him, as an evidence that the at;e in which he minister ahva\s lound a weli oiiie at his lire- H\ed was not altoi;etlier one of ,L;reeii and side, liotli from him and his amiahle w he, a moiiev -L^ettinu. liiit was adorned iiou and then l,i< t the writer has heard the late Rev. (lard- li\ souls as i:rand as c.in lie found in the re- iier I'.aker spe.ik of with grateful te.irs. Mr. ( ords ot anv |>eople. .And so Fddridue H. Meri( k's uiiosieiitatidUs and democratic ways Meri< k passes into historv .is one of the very made him lite-Ion- liiends, for his manner in- ablest ,ind best of his time. HON. ANDREW CORNWALL. .Xsiikr.w ( '(H.:nu .\i.i ,the ancestcjrof .\iidiew ("ornw.ill of .\le\,iii(lria li.iy, emii^rated to this I iiuntr\ from I'ai'^l.ind with his f.imilv, soine- wh(U-e about 1710, .iiid settled in ( )ld ("hath, 1111, {"01111. (now rorll.ind), wIk re ihree genera- tions ol ihe same n.ime li\ed ,iiul died. ^"lie third .Viidreu Ciunw.ill, ur.indfather of our subject, u,is ,1 soldier in the Re\ olutionarv W.ir. ,ind died .ifter the (lose of the war. from ,1 wiHind re( ei\ed ,il HenniiiLiton. .\ndrew ('(unw,i]l. the f.itherof our subie( t. with two brothers, William and .\ncil,left Con- neeti( ut aboul i.Soo, .ind ( ,iine to what , it th.it lime w.is (ailed the \\i\ West, (U' deilesee country, 'i'lieir lirst stop was at what is now the city of Rochester, where there was a small setilemeni; but thinking; it was not ,1 i^ood place to locate, they went low hat is now I'uli- neyviile. Wavne (Oiinlv, N. \.. where there W.IS another small settlenient with ,1 s.iw mill .ind ,urist mill. Here tlie\ located ,ind m.irried, and luuc our subject was born M.irch j^, iSr4. \ftiu- aitendiii'; the district school winters, and working on the f.irin summers, until thirteen ye.irs old, he entered the countrv store of [olin Reynolds, and continued in his eni|iloy lor thirteen years as clerk and book-keeper, iiis he.ilih t.iiliiii^ him troin a tfco close a|iplicati()n 10 business, he i)ur( based a small vessel and went 1U1 the hikes .is ,1 sailor, .\lter three years of this business, his health beinnfullv restored, he sold his \ essel ,ind left the water. In January, 1S45, he w.is m.irried lo Marv (^ ("allioon. She w,is ,1 daiij^hter of ("apt. Cal- hoon. ol Willi, iiiison, W.une ('(Hints . who was .1 pensioner of the War of the Revolution, and ii c.i|)tain in tlu' w.ir of iSi _>. In July. 1S4.), he moved to Redwood. N. Y., .ind entered the employ of DeZenj; \' I'.urlin- u.inie, manufacturers of ^lass. He was in charge of their store for two and a half years. In N'o\cinber 1 S46, at the solicitation of .\/a- ri.ili Wilton, he moved to .Alexandria IJay, and took an interest in the lirm of I,. A. Walton iV- ("(>.. \vlii( h continued until iS5-,, when !.. .\. Walton died. .V new linn w.is then organi/ed, under the name of Cornwall .Sj Walton (John 1'". Walton being the junior jKirtner), whicji 2G .1 S(i/ r/:.\7A- (V ///A s/: /..///-av-.w/-; a/zv-.A'. pai-inL'isliip coiuiiuK'cl tiniil \pril i, 1877, when lidili Coinwall ami Walton ifiirrd limn luisinos, anil the Inm ot' ('(unwall l!iMthri> was cstaMishi'd, (■i)n>i^tinii "I tin- lniif mjiis ot' Antiiovv Cornwall, vi/.: Andrew (' , ( 'hjilcs \V., John !., and Harvey A. This linn i-, >till in l)usines>, ami very iiopMlar, de.ilin^ in e\erv- thing ie(|nire(l in a countrv store. Andrew Corinvall was Mi|)ervisor Ironi iS^j to 1S56. and aj^ain from 1861 to 1S65. lieini; ;i war I )enio(rat, he wa-^ made a inemlier ol' the war coimnittee of the (dimly, thoUi;h the board was laii;ely Re|julili(ai). lie served the committee faithfully in recriiitiiij; ami hllinj,' the quotas of hi- own town And the county. In 1S67 he was nominated by his party fur member of Assembly, ,iiul although his com- petitor w.is elec ted the year [)re\ ions by a lari^e majority. Mr. Cornv.all was successful. While in the l,ei;islature of 1.S6S he was a member of the Coiiimittees of Ways ,ind Means, of the Manufacture of Salt, and of the -Sub-committee of the Whole. In iSOS he was a candidate for Coni,'ress against lion. A. II. I.atlin; hi-, parly being largely in the minority he »vas de- leated by a very small majoritv. though he could have been elected if hi> friends had had ten more days for work. In 1845 A/ariah Walton bought ■>( Henry Vales, of the well-known firm of Vales v\: Mclntyre. of New \'ork city, the north half of WcUsley Island, and all the small islands in the river St. I.awrem e in Ainerii an w, iters, from Kounil Island, in Clayton, to the \illage of Morristown, St. Lawrence ( ountv. At nis death, the lirm of Cornwall \- Walton bought ihem from hi> Chtate. for the limber, ,ind for many years they rut ste.imboat wood from Ihem, -,ome ye u> getting as high a-, iO,ooo cords, .\fici the wood w.is moslK ( ut off. the larger one-, were sold lor farms. In i860 wood beg.in !o gi\ e way to coal, and they determiiu'd to sell their hinds at a nominal iiri( e to indin e people to build summer homes, and thus make iheSi. Lawrence river a f.imoiis watering plac e, in wliie alleiilion to e\erv del. til, ,ind ,1 <-onslani care thai no debt should be made that could not be met uhen due, .md no unnece^s:ir\- expense in- clined, he has sill ceeded in his determin.uion to attain a reasonable compeU nc\. lie has ne\i'r been an orientations m.ip.. though in bu--iness matters he has .Uw.ivs been energetic and prompt, ex.icling from others only what he woukl himself do if in their place. The example of such a life is a beiie- lit to any cominnnitv. .Mrs. ('ornwall died .Augiirt 1,^, 1S90, alter she had seen her four sons loe.ited in business at her home for thirteen \ear--, and enjoxcd her grandchildren |ilaying about her knees, iml their lather the most useful m.m on the ri\-er. HON. JAMES C. SPENCER, K\-Judge New Vork City Sujierior Court, is an- other of the men who have ilone mm h to em- bellish nature. An extended account of his lovely property, " Manhattan," may be found elsewhere, lie is a native of lAnt Coving- ton, I'ranklin county, X. V. His father, the late .[uilge James B. Spencer, was one of the early settlers of Franklin live in the Slate .iml N.iiional Legislatures. He .ilso ilistinguislu'd himself in the War of 1812, participating actively in the important engagements of that contest, including the battle of I'lallsburg. In polities he w,is .1 Demoiral of the Jefferson, Madison, and Jackson school. He was the iiersonal friend • ounty, and was a and colleague of Silas Wright, and was re< og- prominent and respected citi/en and recog- ni/ed and appreciated by that great man and nized political leader in the northern part of other prominent Democrats of the St.ite of the State, having lield many important jjosi- .New NOrk, as an intelligent ami reliable po- tions, im hiding that of Judge and Representa- litical co.idjiiior, in the struggles of more ih.m 1 •> f 1 of- /'/ •"^^Tf^^ ./ ^t^^r~ /ii<\. y.i.i/As (■. s/'/:.V( /■:/:. • I i|ii:ilUT III .1 ( L'llllliy to siciirc ,Llul pLTpetii- .ilc DrniuciMiic asccndiuii y in the Stale, lie .lUo (.■njnyod the (onl'ulence and estirin (if all liis fcl!ii\v-(iii/ciis whii knew liini. uitlioul re- ,4aril Id imlilical (lilTe|■en(;e^. lie dieil in llie vrar iS.),S. a; llie a>,re of >i\ty-eiL;lil. I'hi- liranch nf ilir Spencer family and that re|ire>enled li\ tlu; late Cliiel Justice Amlinise S|.en(er, and his Min, I lun(iral)lc [olin ('. Sjieni er, were kindred, and claim a commdn .mcrsiry. The famil\ emigrated tn Xew \'ork Iruni ('Mnnecti( 111, their ori^dnal place of set- ile;neni in the New World, sjirintiin^i; from an Mni^h^h ancestor, William Spencer, who came to Caiiiliridge, Mass.. before or earlv in the \ear i :; i. li appe.irs that he retu.ii>_d to or visited l'.ni;land afterwards, for he married his wife, Aliie. in th.it conntrv about the vear lO;:. lie was a^am a resideni and a iirominent man m Camliridi^e in 16,54-:;;, and was afterwards one of the lir>t -ettlers in Hartford, Conn. He was the eldest of three brothers, all of "liom were amoni; the early settlers of Hart- ford. The lamily of the [iresent J udire Spencer. "II the maternal sitle, were purely Irish. Hi^ ,i;ran(llalher emi-rated to this conntry from Ireland |irior to the .American Revolution, and served his adopted countrx as a soldier diirino the War of IndeiiendeiK e. Jud-e Spencer, before he had fully attained iiKinhood, was thrown upon his own resources, and acpiired hi^ education and profession ni.iinlv by his own exertions. Mr commenced the practice of law in 1X50, in his native <'Hintv, and soon became popular and re- si)e( ted in his iirot'e^sion. In 1854, he removed to 0,L;densl)ur■,^ St. Lawrence county, and, with judt;e William ( '. ISrown, formed the lej^al firm of lirown \- Spencer, which for many years enjoyed a suc- cessful and profitable practice in the court-, of Northern .Mew York. In .857 he was ap- pointed United Si.ttes District .Attorney for the Morthcrn District of Xew York. The performance of the duties of that office extended his professional acjuaintance into nearly every county of the State. .After the expiration of his term of office, he removed to the cily of New \'ork and entered upon the practice of his profession in that city. His ener-y and industry, added to his former |iro- tessional reputation in the Slate, soon brou<,dit him clients ami a very successful business. In 1867, he entered into partnership with Hon. Charles .\. Rapallo and other le.<;al ■gen- tlemen, under the firm name of Rapallo \: Sjiencer, which became I'amiliar to the public ami in the courts as associ.ited with some of the most important causes of the day, includ- ing' ihe tamous Mrie controversv and other equally im|(ortant litii^ations connected with railroad and steamship companies. The ex- istence of that firm terminated with the elec- tion of its senior members to the bench — Mr. Ra|)allo to the Court of Ap|ieals, and Mr. Spenct^r to the Superior Court of .\ew \'ork. He was a candidate at a later day tor reelei-- tion as judge, but was defeaied bv a small majoritv. Oil his retirement from the bench and re- turn to tile active practice of his |)rolession in .\ew York city, the Judi,'e was heartily wel- comed, and his old clients renewed their al- legi.mce. .As years have worn away he has become more attached to his .Manhattan Island (see description elsewhere), arid there he sjiends much of each summer, a practice datin,t,' back for twenty years. He has improved and beauti- fied every thini^ he has touched, and is known as a liberal, progressive gentleman, taking a deep and healthy interest in all that relates to the St. Lawrence and the imi)ro\ ement of its Islaiuls. Such men become, in a sense, pub- lic benefactors, and their memory should not die lor want of proper recognition, nor their example be lost upon posteritv. CANADA'S WEST POINT. (•^KK \ii:W mF KtMi-r.'S IIKI.'l WITH| THE ROYAL MILITARY COLLEGE AT KINGSTON. r.v I. jiiNi- I'll .1 rmnliri' cxtriKlillL; ;i( idss a cdiiti- lunt, luiidi'i-i'iL; oil a naticm t rcun u liicli x'Ncial lidslili' laiil^ >m hciialf cjI " Iri-'li iinK'- |iriulciui.' " have taken phu e. ami with a hall- liiecd and Inih'aii ]io|Julali()ii in hcv ou n iKirth- wrst, which ha> nn two ncca^inns liicikcii unt into ojicn rebellion, Can.ula InrU it iie(es>ar\ to maintain the nm lens ol a iiiililary t'oree, wliieli shall lie available on shoit iiotire to de- leml her frontier or to jait down rebellion. She ranndl altord to maintain a --tandinL; arnu, but >lie has three batteries nl' artillerv on perma- nent serviee and a i'a\alr\' st hool. tour mt.m- tr\' schools and one niounted-inl'antrv s( IkhiI. at whii h the ol'tic ers and non-(dinmi-->iiined ot'ticers ot' the \'olunteer Militia may re( ei\e -.Itch a traiiiin:; .is will t'lt them to take com- mand and give instruction to the volunteer^, who, taken Irom the field or Wdrkshop, would olherwisi.' be wliolb untrained ,ind undisci- plined. liut wl'iile iter volunteers h.ne ^iveii a good account of themseK es when occasion called them into active service, and while lu'r schools of milit.iry instruction h.ive been the means of placing good officers .it iheir he.id, it was felt that something more was needed to complete the system, and accordingly the I'.irliameni of Canada, in 1H74, passed an act aulhori/ing the establishment of .1 Royal Militarv ( 'ollege "for llie |)urpose," as the act slates, "of im- parting a idinplete I'diic.ition in all lu, inches of military tactics, fortitlcation, engineering and general scientific knowledge in subjects connected with .md necessary to a tlKuough i;t I I , M. \. knowledge ol the mi!itar\ prolc----ion. and for ipialif) ing otfii er-- lor 1 omiiund and Ini stalf appointments." In selecting ,1 site (nr the (ollege the go\ - eniment natiiralU mined its cvos to three places wliuh wore spei ialh .ulapted for the ]iurpo<;e by \irtue of their historical associ.i- tions and the posse-~sion of extensive fortifica- tions which might be utilized for technical training. I'lu'se were ll,ilifa\. (^)uelicc and King^tiiii. The l.iiu 1 w,is iiltinnieK' ( hoscn. for. 111 .iddition to biiiig the most (eiitral, 11 pds^e^^ed certain buildiiig> which 1 oiild In' iitili/.ed. .\lti'r the coinpiest nf (_",inad,i, Kingston, the site of l''orl l-'rontui.ic, biiill in 1(175 ''\' the rieiieh comm iiiiler after whom it was n. lined, bei , line .1 milit.irv posi n\ gre.it im- piut.iiice. |)uring the w.u (if i.S;.' ii was the British n.u.il st.ition lor the hikes. A doi k- \'.ird was established on a low proniontorv whii h juts out between the ('ataraipii river and , I sin. ill inlet of the .St. I,.iwrence c.illed N'.uy II. ly. .\t this ddckxard Sir janies \'eo built his tleet for F.ake ( )ntario. .\fier the war the iloi k\,ird was dismantled, but a large three-story stone building remained, kiHiwn as the Stone I'rigate. w liich h.id been oi ciipied by the m.irines. This, wilh ,1 l.irge blai k- sinith shop (lose bv, w.is iiiili/ed for the lol- lege. I See building ,it letl (enter nf ]iictiire. | In iSjd the first ( l.isscs were opened, eigh- teen c.idets being admilted. The stall con- sisted of ,1 command. int. .1 1 .iptain ,ind three prok'ssors. .\s the 1 l.isses grew . moii; .uaaun- \ ''^^■ ^m (.i.v.i/>.rs ir/-:sy /'o/w. 31 \ 'M 11111(1,111(111 \\•.l^ rc(|tiiri.'il, ,111(1 ;i iai'Lic ImiUlin^L;, ot the j,'n.'y iiiiu-,iiinr for wliich Kinj^slon i\ famous, was a(I(](_'(l. It 1 oiitains otiiccs, rcad- '.n_i; ,111(1 nirNs f((Oiii>, lilirary, class nidins, lalioratory, lios|jital aiul kil( lirn. The Stdiie l''n';4ate hei amo a ddnnildry, and the lilack- smiih shop was (■( 111 \ cried into a well-e(Hii|iped };> iiuiasiimi. The in.iin hiiildinn I'Hi'^ -i sp.icioiis |iarade Kidimd, with tenni-, lawn and cricket L;roimd, and (ipposite, on the point, is Van iMederick, a liattery wliic h ■luards the entrance to the harhor, with a martello tower at its apex. Thoiii;h modeled after Woolwich, the col- lege i^ intended to nive the cadets a trainini^ which will fit them for 1 ivil ns well as military lile. The course, wliich i^ four years, thout^h prcjvision is made for a two years' c(nnse in certain siilijects, eml)ra( es ICiiL^lish, l''rench, drawin-, iiiathem,iti( s and mechani( s, eni;i- neerinji, surveyini;, fortihcation, ar( hitectiire, astronomy, chemistry, geoloj^v. inineraloi^y, l)hy>ics, electricity, tactics and strategv, sig- nalini;, military law and administration, mili- tary drill, ■ivmnastics, teiK iiii,'. swimming and riding. A lew of these subjects are volun- tary, liiit luo^l of them ,ire obligatory. .\ rig- orous ex.imination has to be passed i(v candi- dates lor entraiK e. and if more reach the minimum than can be admitted — two from each of the twelve militarv tlistri( ts into which Canada is divi, Id — those who make the highest number of marks are given the prctereiice. The age of admission is from fifteen to nineteen. The military ,talf consists of .1 command- ant, stall .idjiitant and seven profesM)rs and instructors, four of whom are gradu.ites of the college, and two of the litter hold com- missions in the regular army, live of the staff are officers of the active list of the im- peri.il army, lent to the college for a five years' term, at the close of which they ,ire re(piiied to rejoin their command. 'I'wo are officers of the retired list. I'lieie is a (ivil stalf of live, holding permanent appoint- ments from the government. The presence of imperial officers gives a standing to the institution which it would not otherwise possess, and helps the proper tr.iining of I hose ol the ( adels who .ire desiined for com- missions in the regular army. 'I'he govern- ment was fortunate in the choice of the first ( (imm.mdant, Coi . Hi \m i i ,,,f the Royal i'Jigineers, who, in addition t) being an accomplished S(holar and a good soldier, was possessed of great tact and energy, and knew Canada from former service. To his skill is due in large measure the sik cess which attended ihe college from its very outset, and his guiding hand directed it through the difii- culties which invariably attend the early career of a new institution, whii h, in this case, was to a large e.\tent an e.\i)eriment. Having completetl his term he returned in 1.S.S6 to Plymouth, and was siic( ceded bvC(j|., Di.n i:r of the Royal Artillerv, who had been prolessor of surveying and astronoinv from the beginning, and who ]iroved himself to be a worthy successor. The i)reser.. .,ead of the institution is M.\ i.-C>i:\. c:ami kox, late of the Royal Artillery. Sik l-ki',iii:kuk Miudi I'/roN, now retired from the command of the Canadian forces, took a deep interest, offici.dlv and personally, in Ihe college, and during its early days helped it with counsel and advice, which his exiicrience ,it Sandhurst well (pialified him to give. The general ofiicer commantling the militia is e\-ofiicio president of the college. 'l"he entrance examinations are held in June at the headciuarters of each military district, and the twenty-four successful can- didates report themselves at the opening of the term the following September, The lirst week is spent in being uniformed and drilled into some kind of form. The sec- ond week the old cadets return, and the g.ir- nson settles down to hard work. The daily routine embraces drill and (lass parades, study and other duties. l''rom reveille to tattoo, with the exception of two hours — from four to six, during which he is free — the ( adet is under the eye of authority in the class or lecture room or on parade. There is none of that loitering which so often takes j.hH-e at civil colleges, none of that individu.d liberty which often means license. The cadet has. ./ .V. '/ 17 \7A' '7 nil. >i. I .\i\-ia \i I h/\ I h\ lldWCN iT, IWll ll.lll llillid.lVs, 111! W .iIiumLiV .lllll mil iiriuri^ l,ik( > |i|,iif, uilli hldUih- ii{> (j| S.iiiir(l,i\', wlnii lu' m.iy .;' i , .ind in 'l^'^i'll ii'i l"rk. (II uilh r\Il,i Kmm' lill (iiic, liiliiticiii n| (liill .111(1 li.Udini i Aii( ix . ,il Ur I'll!-' .111(1 |',iiln.'> 111 Kin--.l(iii .lie iiiiird Idi w liK li llu- usiill^, (i| liir lA.iinin.iliiiii-, .lie an- llu-c (1 i\ -. I in ilil|i(ill.llU 1,1(1(11 ill the ^((( i,il -I'dl li|((il-lil td ,1 uTiiiiii ilKdi. I he '^(nillKil- Wolld. \\ llllc iltciidin^ llii' ( (ilK'i^c till' ( ,i(lt't> .m'licl.il, the liiiiii-.Ui (il luillli.i, iil ^i iliic( ilic ■ IK' lit ( (iiir>c siiMc( I Id ilii (,>iic. n'-, Isi'-iil.i- I'Nr liiL;li in .iiiili(irii\ . i^ ,, , uud. if piis^ililc, the \rin\ .\( I, liu' M ilil,,i \( I, ,ih(l -.in 1 1 III disti licilc ll (■ |iri/i'> jiiil ( dlKi' riik'> and iv^w latKiii-^ a- liodps arc Miliji'i I id. I In M I H'^l \ nialv 111 t a -1 H (_( ll. I'diir ( ((iiiiiii>>i(iiis. .iiic (Ml ll 111 ilu- tai-iiu'i i'^ • illilldA , I a\aliv .\nt\ inlaiiliv liiaiii lies dj ilu 'I' he |ili\ >i(al II iiiiiii- I-. r\i (111 111. .S| ui, I .- illl|nrial -.el \l( i,-. ,ili- a \ .ilia I .!(.■, I lie i .idrts wild M\|(ik \l(iki, \ \, (ll ilu- .S(((|s (IiialcU. |(ii - SI, 111(1 iiiL;lir--t (111 ilu- Ikiihii idll, il d|luiui-.c sidis (i\ I r lliN d,|i,irliikait, .ind ua 11 ( jiiililicd cli.niMc. Ik iiii; lmiIiiKiI id tin in in I lie ( nalcr 111' 1^ Id lill ilu- pd^iiidii. ( '.idiis w lid |i,i..s ii.iiiu'd. I'Ik' I'lr-i I wd .lie I, iL;i.al\' Mill-Ill. the Idiir \aMi- iiiiiKi 1 IN ln■^ll U( lidii ( diiir dill lliird -lauT.ilK u^ nil dia |i I llcs!> .111(1 ( i( ■> .1-Ih .inin^. a-N lliric ,iic IC( I llunro, iiid .-.lidu U'w ('ill, nil, ill \ (lill lis w illi siitti(iinl inc. in-- td * ImI .1 tlidi(iiiL;li |iliy--i( ,il I iMinini^ i ,iii .n ( ( mi- ki.i'|i up ,i pusiii. ui m -.ik li an r\pL-ii--i\ i- In.iiK li ili-li. ' >iu- (ll I he lew .iiaN III ud( 111 ( diidiK I I, pid- Ilu- --ll \ i( I', III \^ lill ll ( ,isr ,111 ,iildiii(iii,ii iiniiiis--idii in ilu- iiii,iiili\- is miu-r,i|l\- sulisiu .\ll u lid li,n (■ I iki 11 ihc fall Idiir \ r.ii -' nidlidii Id ilu' iMiik df iidii-( dinniissiiMu ll iiiii'd. ,\ll v (iIlK cr, 1 lu' <,(iiiiiii,iiid,iiu li,i\iii^ ,iiiiliiir!i\ Id ( diii'si.-, ,ind I pMlilii ll in .ill I lu- (ilili;^,ildi \ siili ,ip|idini NiK ll I idin anidii tlld^C Ik-sI ipi.llirK-d. ii-( Is. rdllil Is nr w Ik I Is Mi\ i-sti d \\ .irr (.nlilK-d Id iiii-i\t- .1 dipldin.i nl nil liu- I lu-\ |-diis, .uradiLilidii. liiusc ulm Imm- spiii.dK dis- iir ui\-i'n ilu- riulil id wa-.n ih.- si.'r^c.inrs s.ish. liiiL;iiislu-d llu-nisrU a-s .lUn riiii\in_; hdiidts. I'l'll ullih- slllijirl Id still I (lis, iplnu- the 'I'lidSi- w lid K-.IV I- .11 llir rlld df I u n \ (-,il s, ,ind lijri Is 111 pi i red. ia-1 1 i\-i- ,1 (a 11 1 111 .lU- h I .KU-is ii.iv (■ (11 ipi iri laiiiu-s t( I iilliwiK- liu-if p (11 ill I in.ihiu-s. ( )lU- df ilu- l-\ CIlls III ll It- dl inilii.ii \ ipi.ililK .11 1( 111 diiK se.isdii Is ihc ,1111111. ll spuiis, w'hii h t.ike pl.ii a- .\IU|- ilu- ntlii i,il prdi ci diii-s arcuNri mi in ,'>e|iU-inln I'. I'lu- cainpiis is .ili\a- u illi ( ,ir- ilu- i hisiiiL; d,i\ the cuk-ls li.ive ,i p.irnK of ri.i.L;e> and pevlesi ii.iiis, \\ hilc pri-tl y ^irls. \\ ii h then (ju n. w hen the ineinldi > dl the L;r,idii,it- tlieiv I h.ipei'iins. liirin ilu- center df ^roiips in- i l.iss li,i\ e In imderi;d ,in dide.il nf li.iiid- en-.iijed in anini.i ted ill\ els.ilidii. ( If w .111 h- sluikiiiL; and le,n e-l,ik ill- Ml true I dlleue Idini. 111- uilh inli-iesl the \,iridiis i (iiiipelitidiis nj A \ ,ile(li( tmy dinner in the e\aiiiii- Idlhnvs. ^peed .111(1 skill. R.ua-s, iuiiipin- cdinpi-tii idiis ,iiid then ste.inu-r ,ind i ,ir lie ii the i ,i(lels dlf, .mil sU-eplei ha--es lulldu c.u h nlher in ipiiik and the li.ilU .ire deseiled Im three innnlhs. siiei essidil. while the til- of w ,ir liel ween the Sdine nf the )i,issed (,idelsdf the (nlh-e ri.Ljht ,ind lell wiii-s (■re,ile.s .ilimisl ,is sin h h,i\e .ilicidv wmi I, line fur theniseUes. i'lu- interest .is iho strii--l(- dii the jsis ln-tweeii n.iiiu- ol S i \iks. wlm ai ( dinpinied Si \\ii\ the(dlle.m- ei-hl<. 'rile i^, lilies d\er. all .id- in his nun h ihrdii-l: d.irkesi Alrii.i, is well iidW-ii the w an Id d\ ei . I ,li i i . Ill w i i i s,i ved Win; nil the jdiirn td the ,u\ inn.isiinn. wlu-ie llie pri/es, tildresulistanli.il ih.iii the < row n of i\ y .u the in the Sdiid.in .ind hears ,i nied.d ( )l\iiipii -.lines. , ire distrihiited In the victors. li.mk-- nf Ilu- Nile.,in(l l.iii i. |),i|;r.M li.is Tea and .m iinprdinplii d.inia- Inllow in the distm-iiislu-d liiniself fm Iir.i\er\ in r.iiini ih. Cdllcge halls. ( )i ( asidii has nnt \ei ,iris,n to i .ill mid full A hall is -i\eii .It ("111 istin.is l,y the st.iff .md pl.iv liie eiier-ies of llie lapidK --rnw up- iiu in- ( aiK-ts. and ,1 yet more el.ilidiate enterl.iinnu-iU lurs df the graduates df the l\c\,il Milit.irv df Miiiil.ir cli.ir.n ler at ili e ( aose i ll tlu-idlle-e ( 'dlle-e. and ll is I hel (-fore Ion e,irl\ t( i jink vear in June. On cIonIii- day a seric-^ of lield ol iisfnll lienelil luCmada. Hiu iheopinidn ^^?^^"'^' '.!» >■** 'i'. m^^ *■( ■: ..s-^ *^=*^i*: ■si-isi' .'W'.b. '^ 1*' >\ \\ Mil I I >l.\ 1 'i| I M -t . KINrl^'T^^i'Tl.\I^M^()^^' AND l'( 'T ■?!■. I.I iH.c.i' >■ ' vniri'ii )H AND KORTII-ICATK M " I " W (■. (> . Ml llf : I < in K' M. Mol I'.l Ml.l'. i I r.i.y.uirs ivf.st point. 33 f)f LoKi) I.ANSDDWNE, expressed when gover- nor-general, is worth ((noting. 'I'hese are his u ords : "Tlu'io is no Canadian Inslitiilion of wliicli Can- ada should bo prouder or which will do better ser- vice lo the country and to the empire. It forms an interesting and distinctive feature In the military system of tlie Dominion. That system, as I under- stand it, Is based upon the rccojj;nition of the fact that Canada cannot aliord in her own interests, or in those of the empire, to disregard those precautions which every civili/ed community takes in order to ensure its (jwn safety from internal commotion or external attack. I'pon the other hand it Is a system entirely opposed to the establishment of a numerous siandini,r army or to the withdrawal of a large body of citizens from the peaceful pursuits which are essential to the progress and development of the country. '■ That being so, it is char that in case of a national emergency the Dominion would have to trust largely to the spontaneous ell'orts of its own people, to the expansion of its existing organization, and the rapid development of the resources already at our conunand. " Hut, gentlemen, it is needless for me to point out to you that there is one thing which it is im- possible to produce on the spur of the moment, and that is a boily of trained oHicers, competent to take charge of new levies or to supervise operations necessary for the defense of the national territory, and therefore it appears to me that we cannot over- rale the value of an institution wliic h year bv vear Is turning out men who have received within its wall a soldier's education in the best sense of the word and who, whatever their primary destination, will, I do not doubt, be found available whenever their ser- vices arc required by the country." Tiic cost of ethication at tlie Military Col- lege is not nnreasonahle. Each cadet is re- ([nired to deposit annually $200 to cover the cost of messing and qtiarters, and in addition $200 the first year and $150 each year after- wards for uniform, books and instruments. The messman receives forty-six cents per day for each cadet present. Extras are obtainahle at fixed pri( es. No ( adet is allowed to spend more than $2 jier month, non-commissioned officers more than $4, for extras, which they l)ay out of their pocket money. In addition to the full course of four years and the military course of two years, ])ro- vision has been made at the college for officers of the militia, who reipiire higher instruction than the military schools afford, to take a three months' course, one class being in- structed each year. 15y this means a number of officers have been enabled to ipialify for important positions in the service. Taken all in all, Canada's West Point has been an unqualified success. TiiK view of the grand old city u\ Kingston, presented in photo-gravtire at the beginning of this article upon "Can.ada's West Point," shows the Military College buildings at left < enter -the building with so many windows being the main edifice, and the smaller buildings near by are the gymnasium and other necessary adjuncts to so large an institution, of which Ontario may well be proud. GENERAL DESCRIPTION, Historical and Otherwise, with some Opinions of Travellers. /^TUl'. mutr fit the Si. i.nurcinr T^ licrn n^; a m ciu- ut j;rainlcur scarcely ciinalnl li\ an\ citlici- ut its i in immortal song. Our wr-iein world, witli .dl its mate liless tloods, Oui \,i-i tr.m-parcnt lakes ami boundless woods, Siain|Mcl wilh tlir traits of majesty sublime, rnh.inoied wtep the -dent lap-e of time; Spirad tlieii wild t;randem to ilie nncoiiscious -ky, In su-ecle-t -easons pa-s mdieeded by: Willie -dice one Muserctnms the son^; tliey gave, Oi serks to snatch ihrii gloti/:sc/\//' /'/ox. V ■m M was the bonlcr-laiul of the Algonquin iind tlic Iroquois, — the former dwcllini; for tlie ino>t l)art to I he nortliward and eastward, while the latter, at least in the later jjeriod. had their jirincipal homes along the lakes and rivers cjf Central and Western New Vork. The t'arly historians of Canada rec ord the fac t that a bloody war was going on between llie Adirondacks or AlgoiKiuins on the St. Lawrence, and the Iroquois or five Nation^ ot the region now inting by the chase, while the latter were more inclined to fishing and agricidture. Now and then the youtig men of the two ra( es woe.ld go out on their limiting expeditions together, but in these the superiority of the man who killed the game, over him who skinned and dressed it, was always insisted upon, and when the l>arty saw an op])ortunity, it was the business of the one to pursue and slay, and of the other to stand by and see it done. .\t one time, half a do/en of each < l.iss were out in the winter on a hunting ex( iir- sion together. They saw some elk uid iiiinie- diately inirsueil lliem, but the .\l/onquins, presuming on their superiority, woi.Ul not suffer the voung Iroipiois to take part, at ;!'e same time giving them to understand that they would soon have business enough on hand in taking care of the game t'.iey were about to kill. Three days were spent in vain pursuit, for although they saw there was an abundance of game, ill-luck followed them at e\er\- ste|). .\t length the Iri(pi(jis offered tn go out themsehes, and the former, nr)l doubting but that a like failure would soon put an end to their unwelcome comments iqion their own elforts, const'iited. The tide of success lurnetl in their favor, and the Iroquois soon returned with an abundaiK e of game. Mfirtified at this result, the jealmN Algompiins the next night killed all of their successful rivals as they lay sleeping. The crime, although con- cealed and denied, was soon discovered, and the lro(pif)is at first made tlu'ir complaints with moderation — simply asking that justiie should be done to the murderers. No attention was paid lo these < oinplaints, and the injured party took justice into their own hands, solemnly vowing to exterminate the haughtv race or jierish in the atlemi)t. Long series of retaliatory inroads were from this time ni.ide by each into the territories of the other, which linally ended greatly to the advantage of the Iroipiois, and in the almost total annihilation of their enemies. The St. l'ran( is Indians are a remnant of this once powerful tribe. Ill \W.\1II A. The legend of Hiawatha has been rt'iulered tamiliar to most reailers of American poetrv by the metrical version of Longfellow, and the prose of Clark. .Schooh raft and others, and much controversy has been had with respect to the author of the legend as it first appeared in Fnglish. We accept, as fully reliable, the statement made by the late Hon. ]. V. H. Clark, of Manlius. author of the History of Onondaga County, in a letter to the New Vork Tribune, in January, 1856, in which th.c claims of various writers and the dates of their |iublications are preciselv stated. The legend relates to the origin of the I.e.igue of the Inxpiois, at a time which no record lixes by date, and no circumstance acceptable to the historian would lead him to locate otherwise th.m somewhere in that period clouded in the uncertainties of the torgotten past. We cannot present its begin- 1 1. 'if i 3S ./ .s('/ ;/ \7A' ('/ /■///•: s/. /.,/// A'/.\( 7 h-n IK. Minti, uliidi UM-, in lliw ir,nioi,.in..re.ipi.in|)ri .pirmMlii v nl lus .Ikm.mUt. .mmI llir (il).ic.t nl au.lv ih.u, 111 ihr ..ii-m.il Imuua-c nl Mr. l.i. ini-iMii. Ilr uuiUmI ilin,', In .iitund liiiii (•li|.|^. in ins iM->ai;r up I lir river, .mil tlK'\ wilnosnl •.|1uim1i..U oi vc.u. ,,..., l.i.n„ii,v..-w,.ilu. 111.- ni.iny ihin-^ ulmli .-nMl.! nnlv lu- ,„ , ntintcl Deity u-li.> I'loitlis ovn Ii-1hiu'- aihl i.11. Mills, .■.uiii- I., I ,i> liillM. Ir-, nr |,r (IcMrilir.l lull in llir ilowii fioni liis livvclliii- |.l,ur in ilir . l.uids i.i vi-ii u.iiiilrl-^nl liidi.iii liivl'mlni^v. I Ic a^i riuK'd ihi- iuli.il>ii.iiiis (il ilu- c.nili. Ill' h.iil I'l rii (Icpiiir.! ^^^ ||^^. |^,^,^,,. 1,,|,,.,, plain! all lliillL;-> in pinprr 1'^ II" '■"■•" ■""' '' ' ^l'""' "■'■"' '"■-"■ '" "'^" ,„,lrl- tnr liK' rnininll ami MlM. ll.l'n. r nl lliaiK -iif.iiii-- .ml ' liMi ill'' I li.iiiiiiN liMiii ,ill .ili-ti uclh'ii^, 11,. , ,. , , , , l.ui'lU t inn inu In CM lU.ltr ( nlll .mil lirails, 1.1 Tc k .nil llir -.).>.l llimy~ III llii i-iniiiln ilinni-h i.m.,iii „h„|, 1„. MU.iiilr.l h.p.iss, ilui ,1,1 ^ i,nululH„ii.,r wlmli ll,,il iinl liclniv In'Oll -mwu by Hum, -,nici.,llv .iissii„,,i.,li-',l a, 11. ill- .il! tin ;,'onii iniipk' ni.ulc llu' ll-llin- :.;rnilliil t'nr, .111(1 nprnril In of llic r,!,,!, ~i-S|ni i.illv 1.1 I'.Miil mil lo llii-'lil llii' |]] (l^, uninUM-lllpli'il plll^llil nl ^.IIIU'. llr niiis, .Millrnl li-lii,l-:^imiii.l~, .m.l |.. In-lmv iiih.ii ,1,,, ,.,|„|,,,,1 ,,liinliu lil.inkiml 1 llr I'ruil ^ nl llu' lliriii mini .111 ri'l.iMc :iifl- Al.mil Ihi- nine, uvii ' I ,11 1 i , n, 1 1, ,iis t rnm llif , ., Ill (Milli. .Mill i.iii.iMil all ii|i>ii m linn-' I mill ine vmiii" 111 f llir I liimiil.i-.i N.ilimi were Ii-lli'S-U ,, , i -.i i- ,.i.in, ..w, ,l,e.,,l„, MneuMlii.ul llie Lake.. I a naNi^alilc Miv.iinv l.cui^ pl.aMal Ullh 111. l|i.,„s.,n,| M,., Dnim- til. 11 1. v< 11. lli.v .■S'"-.l- Ml, i i, >-, lie .i-uiiiml I lif < li.ir.u IlT .iml IniliUs ;is llu V tlnni-lH, l.ii in the .1 i-l.nn e, .i ~i,i'.;le ul,i,e ,,, , mm, .1 Hi I lai ei Vml tile n aill.' 1 1 i ■ ,1- w .it -ha. ( -i^nit's in^ " \ . 1 s «is'' 111. m. "I and li\eil his ir-iilmii L' nil the li.Miitilul sliniJ> nl Cm-,- i.ikr. Atl.r .1 lime. llu' iniiiiirv heiMmc spirk. he,m,,lnll\- il.iinin- <.vei llie Ini^lil li!,,i w.ileis. ,1,1.1 while lliey w.il.hr.l llie ..hie. I with ill. ni.ist i,,ieiis. .ni\iet\, il -ee,,ii I In nn ie.,-i in ni.iu niln.le .111.1 inovel .1- it .i|'in..a. Iim- ihe |.l.,i-. win II ,|„.v weu u-.ale.l, nn.-l .iilxi.nislN awailm;; ill.' alani.cl li\ .1 Im-Ulo inva-inli. \v,un lie called event III the MMtali.. 11 I.I -. . M n- nl.,, an ohie. 1 - L.i ,, , . nilli 1 1 i .1 .ill the 1 rihes llnm the e.isl .ind at ihi-. t,,i,e llu I .in..es li.nl t've, inaile tin ir .i|.|.i-,ii- ,||^, ^^j.^|_ ,||,,1 j,, a lunu: haiMn,i;ue ,iri;ed ilpnli .nne Ml 111.' iliii.timi win n.a llii- w.i- .ipin. .... h- , I,,.,,, ||,^. niipditam e nl iinil in- 1 hem-clve- ill "'^'- -^^ "-"''i'"" —';'"■ ^'•■'"- " I""-;' '" ,, |,,„„, ,,., ,h,irc,nn,nnn.lerensean.l niuli.al -e, III. Ian. e t.> he a viiieial.l.' hrnkm^ in.m. i .,liiil\ - , , ,., , i ■ i -eale.l ,11 a i an„e i,l |mie while, m ,v en,n.n-h . ..„- happine--. 1 llev del ll lelMtei 1 upnl. llW.idMce, slniele.l ,,inl iiin.hiiime i ,,i,;i„im,sl v w,.i„ul,i ili.m .iiiil ihe next il.iv .idnpled and r.illlied llic llinse 111 ii-ii .eimiiLi the tiihe-. I.I the i iiiiiil i \ . Like |.elL;Me nl rillnll W llii h he 1 ei nlllineildcd, .1 I yyiiei ii|.i.ii the wiile hill, -ea, -I. --.It llie laii...' ill ^^ I,\curuii'^ .^aw l.nv In ihe Spartans, anil '■ m-y.i-w.M ha Ili.m, Ihe L,.k.'.ilaTI„.ii.aniMsl.s, ^^^ ,„.' ,,,,,,", ,„" 1,„| lUnlU nl.MMM- il- prei ept-, ■' \- .1 iMii 1.1,1111 I, il,,fl- l.iw.inis ihi 1 11-hiiii; iMl.i- i .i i , , ,. ,,, , ,:,,ii„,, tiiiti, hi- letiini Imm a i nev, ,ind ilieiiik- 1.1.1 -., emii-eil the while eaiioe iivi'r the ii|iiilini: • w.mi-;. |.i..:.elh.l l.v iheMimmarni.if 111. -..I ..f Ihe p.llle.l tn felMlll 11.) in.ite, -,n 1 I l-.l-W.tt- ha ilvei. I)i I |i llimi-lil -.11 mi iln hi.iw ul the lii.m lie.iile.l iii.iiiini: pi nelr.il i.iii in. ilk. .I hi- cm , .iinl iliep. .I.uk n,v-te,\ [iciv.i.le.l In- . .niiiti n.mee Willi ,1 siniile i>ar he -ileiitlv pad.ll. .1 hi- h.^lil trmimeil " ' , , , • V .. Ill inner, and llni- .iililte--e.l tinaii h.iikahniu the -h.jii, as if -eekiiin a e.imiii.nlimi h,i\eii.if lest. Ill' S.I. .11 null.'. I ihe pinw of hi- ll. ejile ves-il int.. llie i-tn.iiAiif the ' ilmihle rini ,' a,,. I 111., 'I.' t.i-t 1.) ill. w.'-iein -inn. . II. ■ iii.ii.'-li. .ill\ haxin- lirniii;hl ihe . .Mineil 1.) ,i cln-e, and ,t- ihe ,1— .'iill.l.'ii niiie-wer.' ,ll.niil lo -ep,if.ite in iheir remin liuiii.'. .irn-e in ,i dij4nitieil 11 ■' Liieml- an. I Hinlhei- : I li.ive imw fnllilh'il illv nii--imi ii|.mi e.iilli . 1 li.ive ilmn eveiylliiiiy which . ,111 he a.iii.' ,it pre-eiil Im the u....il "f this f^tcMl ,i-ccn.l.-.l th.' snip h.tiik. iim -i.ipj.iil till h.' ha, I |,e.,ple. ,\ue, inliriiiilv .iinl .li-lie— -it heavilv iipmi •^.liiieil llie l.ifli.'-t siiiiiinil lit llie wi-leiii hill. |)iiiiii- inv -limn II annniu. v. in I h.ive re- 11, en -ilenllv j,'a/.iim armiiul .i- li n. . \aniine the ninv . .1 all nh-l i in limi- tnnii yoiu streams. Canoes .•,,ii,,lM, he hi r, line eiicli.iiitcl with tin view, an.l ,-in imw p.is- i \ ei vwlni i . I havL' eiveii ymi ,l;iioiI llr, iwin- his stately I'Driii 1. 1 its iiliiio-t Ini^lit. In' CN lishii,;; w, iters .in.l i^.m.l hnnliii^' irimin.l-; I hav.' L-laini.il ill ai I eiits 111 the wildest eiilliii-i,i-ni. l >-li i,,,,^hl \ini Imw M .nlnv.ile emu ,ml In, ins. and wah-k. .', i>-li w.ih-k. I'." have h'.n ii",l \milheail .M iii.ikiiij; e.ihiii-. NLiiiv mliei l,lessii,L:s I h.ivi liheiallv bestowed upmi ymi. llv ipprn.l.h.al Ihe twn vniili- hlinleis, ., , .,„|^. i ,,, ,,, ,„,w assi-fd you lo form an ever- •j^iineil lluMf ( niiridence, and h.i\ illi; dr.tutl Pi^ij,,^ l,..ii.,ie ,in.| . nveiMiil nt stiemjili and fiieiid- Il,,ni thein . I knnw led;j;e nf the diriicillties nn- sliip. fm ymir Iniiin -.il. l\ .nnl pim.'.li..n. If vmi def wlll.h tiiey l.ihnlcd, dl-, In-ed t.) tliein the presuive it withmit th.- admis-imi of other people, "i /:s( Rir I low 4' :a you will .ilways lu' fjcc, iiiiiin nms ami iiiinhtv- If uilici iiallims aif atlmiUril in yoiii ((iimcils, iIk'V will sow jciloiisjfs aiuciiii; xoii.aiiil vln.'erli, tlu'l'i- imrsl upcin the cars of tiic .issrinliled iniilii- liiilc llie clu'crfiil sounds ol' tlu' ino^t (UliL;ht- fiil siii;j,in)4 voices. 'I'lie wliolc skv sciiiicd fillrd with llio swt.'i'U'st inolodv of ( cli'sli.il music; and heaven's iiiL;h arch ei hoeil and re- eclioed liie toucliini; strains till the whole vast .isseiniily was coiii|ih-tely absorbed in rajitiirotis e( stacy. .\inidst the neiieral confusion which now |irevailed, and while all eves were liirned towards t!ie etheria! regions, lli-a-\vat-ha was seen inajestii ally seated in his <:anoe, grace- fully rising higher and higher abo\e their heads tiitougli the ,iir until he became entirely lost from the view of the assembled throng, who witnessed his wonderful ascent in mute and admiring astonishment — while the fasci- nating music gr.idually became more plaintive and low, .md finally sweetly expired in the softest tones upon their ears. a-> the wise man Ili-a-wat-ha, the godlike 'ra-oiin-va-wat-ha, retired from their sight, as mysterioiislv as he first appeared from The Lake of a 'I'housand Isles, and ipiietly entered the regions inhabited only by the favorites of the great ,iiul good spirit Ila-wah-ne-u. In the legend, as rendered bv Longfellow, no allusion to this region is spccificallv made, and the scene of events is located in the west, on the south shore of I. .ike .'^iiperiiu', in the region beyond the I'icturetl Rocks ,ind the (Irand Sable. Cki. \ric)\ oi- riir: Inui \n K.mk. Among the traditions of various Indi.in tribes we find ,i legend of their creation, which, although differing more or less in de- tails, agrees in ascribing their origin to a peo- ple who came out of the ground. Of this mythological belief we have an interesting ex- ample in this part of the world, as given by M. I'oiK het, a JMeni h writi-rot .11 knowledged merit, u ho re( orded wh.it he saw and heard. This writer w.is an oflii er in the French ser- vice, .111 d ( I nil mantled I'Ort l,e\ is, on the ( )r,i( o- nenton I^le, a short distam e below ( )gdens- burg, when this last stronghold of the JMench was ciptiired bv l.ord .Amhinst in ij'io. He subseipiriith prepared .1 histor\- of the e\ents in whii li he h,nl himself borne an im- port, mt part, which w.is published some yea:s after his de.ith, and in this he gives nuK h in- lorniation concerning the Indians who then inh.ibited this region. In desciibing the shores of I. .ike ( )nl,irio, he speaks of a great arc of s.iiul hills along the e.istern end of the lake, behind which are m,irshy meadows, through wliii h the ri\ers wind. This des( rijition I'learly identifies these streams with those now known .IS the N'orth and South liram lies of Sandy Creek, in the town of I'.llisbiirgh, Jefferson coiinly, which unite just .ibo\ e tlu' jioint where they enter. the lake. They are remarkable in this, that at the head of the Sinith Hranch is the jikice where the tradiiiiuis of the Iro(]Uois li\ the s[M)t "where they issued from the ground, or r.ither, according to their tradi- tions, where they were born." Tk \ii,s Of Indi.w Ri^i uKii> ii\ iiiK St. I-AU UKNl I.. Opjiosite the village of Oak I'uint, in l'"lixa- beth Township, Canada, there e.v.sted in 1X50, and ])erhaps does still, a rude representation of a canoe with thirty-five men, and near it a cross. On the rocks below Rockville there were two similar paintings, each being a canoe with six men. A deer rudely jiainted on the rocks wis found on the shore of lihu k Lake, a lew miles inl.md from Morristown, and doubtless other rude sketches of the kind may be loiind. These are probably of compara- livelv modern origin, or at most not earlier than the time of European settlement. They may have been significant of some event at the time when made, but whatever the objects may h,i\e been, they have passed into obbAion with the memory of those who made them. 4-' ./ .scr/VWA' "/ //// >/. /.///A'AACA / ii'l.itinn In l)i- ( ■(iiin rlK' ^aiicl I )i' 'I'r.K \ 's lAiK'iliiKin^ a^.iiiist tlii' Moli.iwk liidi.iiis (i()()5-(i), in (lex rilling tiif icpiilc^ li'.ulin;^ into ilu' licii|ii()is (oimtry, tlii' naviu.i- lioii lit' llu' St. I.aurriu'i' i-- iiuntimu'd as I'x- irL'(lin;;l\ diltii uli nniil tlir ripiij-. arc passril. '• Hilt will 11 III! iiiiiiiili nf till' (Util l.;ike is iiMilu'il, iIk' ii.iviji.iiion is uasy, wliiii (lie watt rs aif iramiiiil, lucmiiiii;,' iiisiiiMlily wider at liist, lliiii aJMiiii iwo.iliinls, iicNt oiu'-lialf. .iiu! Iiiiallv nut nf siylil ul laiiil; cs|.ccl.illv afln niii- li.i^ |.a--i cl an inliiiilv i>( litili' islaihU whicii .iir ai llu riiiiaiHi' nf till' laki- 111 -111 li j^HMi iiiiiiiImi'.. and in --n. Ii a vaiii'lv, llial llic imi-l cxiPtiiriicc'd lioi|iii)is pilnls soimliiiu's In-c llifiiisi'lv.s tlirir. and liavr cimsid- n.dilr ilillli illlv 111 dislin;;iii'-liiiii,' llif i nursi.- In lie vliTii-d in llu- i.-niihi-inM. aiv'. as it wi-w. in llic lahv- nnlli fnniicd In ihc islam. s. Snnir nf tlirsr aio onlv lumr locks risin;; nni nf ilir walci, i n\LTcd nicrt'lv liv iiiDss or a few sjuii'r nr ntliii siniilid W I. wllnsc innis splill^ ll.MIl till- ■Irfts ,if ||ie in<:ks whii li cm snppiy nn niln i aliinml ni nmisi nil' to tlii-sf Ij.irifii trfcs tli.ai uli.ii ilif rains fmnish till III. .\lti.T Icaviiifi this .diodr tin- l.iki- is disrov- lied, .ipi'i'.ii iiiji liki' mil p a sea willioiit islands or linnnds, wlii-H- liaiUsand ships i.an sail in all safely sn tlial llir cnninuiiiii alinns would lie easy lielweeii all llu I'leiu li I nioiiies ili.il ennid lie esl.ililislieil on llie liordeis of this j;ieat laUewliiih is niore lli.m a liundied Ir.e^ues loiii;. Iiy lliiily oi fnny wide." I- Kl Mil M|s-|(iN.\l;IKs. .Xnioni; the |iioneeis of clisrcivcr\ une tlu- missionaries who wore sent out to ;.;ain the friendsliip .ind secure ihc i onversion id the Indian trihes of the interior. 'I'liese /calons men anowcd no ohstai h's or dan-crs to inter- riiiH their elVorls or damiien their archir, but with an eneruy and |ierse\ erance that cannot fail to excite our .idmir.ition, they iPiirsued their way to the remotest parts of the interior, wliere some liwd many years atnotui tlie sav- ages amid all the [iriv .ilions nf awihlerness, and otliers were murdered, or iniserahly ])er- islied in the solitudes of the forest. We can here mention hut a few of these iiioneers and discoverers: Fran(;()is de Salii^nac de I''enelon, half brother nf the illustrious ireni h writer, the Arcliliishop of ( 'ainhray, i ame lo Canada in i(pf>7, and was for some lime cngaj^ed in llie Indian missions at Toronto .-ind elsewhere. 'rile .\l)lie I''enelon accoiniMiiied the ('oiinl ill- Irunteii.H 111 Lake Ontario in 167,^. I.oiiis lleiineiiin, ,1 l''ranciscan. came to t'.mada in ift;,, and wis stationed the iie\t year ,U I'lonteiiac, Kinnsloti. He was .iflir- wardssent by I .a .'^.tlle to explore the country, .ind w.is the first European who saw the Mis- sissi|i|ii river. Ill I'll); he piililished an ac- 1 oitnt of remote regions lluit he jiretended lo h,i\e \isited, bill whii h is imw regarded in p.irt al le.ist ,is a tiction. IvilhiT Marquette .ilso m.ide ixtensive jouriuys in the west, and died at Mackinaw, \l.i\ 14, i''7S. Menard. .Mloiie/ .ind many others passed this w.iy on their iounieys to disiant points, but these men weie, ,1s ,1 rule, little give-n to romantic (ii'scriptiotis, .ind their " relations " pert. tin mote to the piii|ier obiect of their missions, th.m to the si ener)' tluit they passed. {•'ather l'',mm,iniiei Crespel, in a little work published in 1 74J, describes some im idents of .1 journey into the liuli.in country on the Tpjier Lakes. lie was fifteen days going from ,\Ioiitre,il to l''ronten.ic, and w.is there dc (.lined some time in w.iiling for a vi'ssel to Ni.ig.ir.i. This w.is of about eighty tons bur- then, and .ipp.ireiitiv the only one then on the lake. The p.iss.ige w.is made in less than thirty-six hours. The lake was very c.ilm .mil he sounded wiili ,1 line of a hundred f.ithoms without finding bottom. On his return lie remained two years al I'Vontenac, w hen he was recalled to Montreal, •ind sodti .ifierw.irds w.is sent to I, a I'oiiUe de la Cheveiure on the east side of Lake Cham- plain, in the present State of Vermont, and ojiposite the French post at ('rown Point. \'\H~-V .Mil 11 AKV I'.sl AllI islLMl-.N I Ul'oN I.NKK ( )n 1 akio — I'oK r Fki).\ riNAi'. — ( i^>7,v) In order to protect the French interests, the OjuiU de Frontenac resolved to establish .1 military post at the oiiilel of the Lake, and with the view of impressing the natives with the power of the French, he resolved to take two llat bortomed canoes up the rajjids, and even to mount them with ( annon, to insjiirc ai.M h\U. J'l.SCKJfJ h>.\. 43 tlicin witli .ivvo Till' Iioals wire hiiilt .il'tcr .1 |i.irtu iiLii iiiuilrl, ii.iinlrd uiiliki.' ;iii\ lliinn uviT sctii hitorc. and wore i.M( li m.miud l)\ sixuh'M men. Willi tliesi.' .mil alidiil diu' liurulicd and twenly hark < anots lie It'll Mdnlr'jal 011 tlic \M\\ of June, and in aJKiiil liner weeks re.u lied ilie iie^inninj; of snioolli-w.iter nav'j^alion. Hearing tli.it tlie Indians had asseinliled in j^reat nuniliers, and were uneasy alioiil the oli- jeet of liis exiieditiiin. he resolved In proi eed with caution, in one body, and in closer colinnn than hefor^' 'I'lie weather w, is so serene, and the n.ivij^ation so smooth, thai the\ iiiadt' more than ten leanues t!ie I'irsi d.iy, .ind weni into caiii|i at a cove alioiit a lea;;iie and a half from ( Ireiiadii-r Island, where the eel-lishiiii^ begins. In his journal he says: •' \Vc Ii.kI llie plcasinc- mi ilie way In calcli a sm.ill lii<)ii. .1 liiul al)i)iit as lai^e .is .1 |°iir(>|>raii ( )iilar(U'. Ill Ihu iridsi beatillfiil pliiiiia^'i'. I'lit very (iillji'iill In lie caii^hl alive, as li dives iniisianily iiiiilei, so dial il is 110 sni.dl i.irily lo \>v able 10 l.ikr i>iic. \ c.ij;i' was iiiadi; for II, and orders wiic given lii iiidcivor lo raise it, in older lo send it lo llic Kinu. Oiillie Mill lof Inlyl. lilt' we.iilu'i I'oiuiiuiin^ line. .1 good d.iy s journey was made, having passed all ilial vast group of islands wiili uhirli the rivei is sp.mglcd. and camped at a poini .iliove llie 1 iver e.illed liana iioiliie, up wliiili nianv of ilinii go liuiiling. Il lias a very consideralilc channel. I'wo more loons were laiiglit alive, and a kind of di rr, tiul llu- head and anileis .ue handsonu't ih.in Ihc deei of I'raiiec." The narraii\e continues with .in .hi mint of the regal manner with which the Count de Froiiteiiac entered the lake, and the inter- views he li.ul with the Indi.ins. In short, nothing which iioiii|i .md ceremony — the waving of li.mners, in.irti.il music, and the dis- charge of cannon /' /..iii'/n was s(i iniu li III' a I'ailurc a^ in lie alnidsi sliu;- inali/cil a> iniriilr. I'',\ri'in rii>\ Ml I »K N'owiM.K. — (i(iS5.') In I'l'^s^, tlif Mari|uis I )<■ Notuillc mailf an c\iH(lilii m inti) tin' ('icnrscr (onntrs, liiil Kit no rc((iiil III' liii al inti-rcsi coni cinin;^ llir islands. 'I'lIK .\VI Nl.lNi; iNkiiMi III IIIK IkiiiMiil^ i'ro\ riir. Fni \i n — (i6SS. ) IviiK' in |iil\, Ki.SS, an ail nl luifnly mi llir |iait III iIk' Fti.'m h liroiiuhl dnwii ii|ii>ii llu'ir srilUnu'iiN llu- icirililr venue. iin e nl' llu- 1 iiii|iii)is. I'.i^sini; dnwii ihc Si. Liw rem e, llu'V l.iiiiKil at I,a in the i min- trv. laid waste the si.-itlements l.ir .md wide, and leliirned uilh the luss of onl\ llireo nwn. 'I'lie P'reiit li ln^l aliniit ,i thousand peisiuis hv ihi-> iiiniatl, ind minv prisoners were lariied (iff fur ,1 fate worse than -~tidden death. Tlu; iMeiiill .It I'orl Fnmteii.li were ohliuetl lo liiirn llle Iwo \e>>els ihev li.id on llie hike, and .di.iniliiii llie fort, fii^t setlinu a vlow III. Itch In the powder in.iu.i/ine. I'hr lire h.lppelied to ;4ii nut lielore tlu' powder wa^ reaclu.'d. .md the ]il.ice was ^oon plundered by llie ludi.ms. The ;.;,iriisoii >el out in seven h.irk i .moes, tr.u ellin^ oiilv l)\ niuhl, .md hiding; by day, ,ind .ifter much diffn ult\ reached Moiilie.ll witll the lo^^ of oiu; i .llioe and all on bo.ird, I >e Noiuille witne--sed ihe ili'\ .Isl.Umn nl his I nloii) without (l.triiii; to re--i>l the eiieinv while eii;;,i;4ed m iheir work nf mm, nor on then leiiirn. lie w.i-. ^ui i ceded the in \l ye.ir by 1' roiiieiuu . OM)NI).\i;\ I'',\I'KI>I I Ins OK III! ("ill Nl hi I' RON I l,.\.\i . In \i)i)(> ihe ('ountde I'roiiten.ic iii.ide .in ini uision inlo the ( niinlry of the < )nond,ij;as. but the only mention that iu' makes ol this leuion is his oncmipiiu'iit for a nii^lit upon wh.ii is now known as Carleton isl.ind. Sfi;sKi,u;i;N !■ OrKK.MioNS oi' tiik Fkknch ON l,.\Ki On r AUK). Durin- the next lifiv years, liie Frcncli were ste.idily e.xlendinL; their trade, and cn- de.ivorini; lo atl.K h tlu- remote Indian tril)es to their interests. In 1687, they estaldished .1 foil ,it Ni.i.nara, and in 1722 the Fji^lish built ,1 ir.idiiiL; house, and in 1727 a fort at Osweuo- .\Itlioiu.;h l-'.ni;land and I'raiK e were during iniH h of this lime at pe.ico, and the (liuernors of iheir colonies on terms of cor- respondence, there was |irobably no period down III till' ioni|iiest of 1760 dm .ng whicj) e.ich of the two powers was not busy, through iis auenls. in elide. i\'oring to monopolize the Indi.m trade, .md in cMending this inlliieni e wilh ihe n.itive tribes. l^niAN .N'lSsliiN .Al Os\VKG.\ rCHIK; I, \ I'riskn I' Alios. — ( i7.t9.^ .\ I onsiderable number of Iroquois, i hielly ( )iiiinil.igas. having been induced lo settle on llie Si. {..iwrence, a mission was established in 17 p), ,it the month of the Ctswegatchie, on the site of the present ( ily of Ogdensburg. This mission was named Fa Presentation, and its foundei w.is I'"rancis Pic.piet, a SuliMci.m. hiirmg llie first season he built a storeliouse .md a small fort, but before the end of the \e.ir his settlement w.is .ittacked by a b.md of Mohawks, who burned two vessels lo.ided wilh h.iv, .md the palis.ules of ihe fort. .After this, some soldiers were sl.itioiied here tor prote< - lion. The station progressed r.ipidly, and in 1751 .1 saw mill was begun. The I'.nglish who had built .1 trading house .md .1 foil ,it ( )swego m.my years before. n.iliir.illy looked with jealousy upon this estali- lishmeiil by the French. Word was brought III them by the Indi.iiis, 1 om erning their posts latcK erected on the Ohio, and the infornianl s lid " he lie.ird a bird sing that a great many Indi.ms from his castle, and others from the l'i\e Nitions. were gone to Swegage." In June, 1754, the I elebr.ited Congress of % I s ?^ GENI-.KAl. I)I:Sl.I;iii-^lifil liiin- self so miicli by lii>. brutal /cal, as lie iliil not i-xpose hiiust'lf to any danger, he rcruivfd no injury; ami he yet lives, justly ilespised '.o sucli a dciiiee iiy every one who know-; anything; of his past comluci in America, that sc arce any oIVk er will aduiii him to liis table. However repugnant it must be to every idea of honor and luim.uiity, not to give fiiiarler lo an enemy, when subilued, it must be infiiiilely more so not to spare women and children. Vet such bad often been the objects ot the .\bbe Picquet's cruel .idvice, enforced by llii- most barbarous examples, especially in the laiglisb sctileiucnts on the back of Virginia and I'enusylvani.i." He returned to Ir.ince, where he died July 15, 17X1. He was su( (ceded at I, a Presenta- tion (Ogdensburg) b\ I ,a (larde, a Siil|iician, and the mission was continued until broken uji in 1760. i'he ( )swegalcliies continued to live on the south shore and on the islands at the head of the Rajiids until 1S06, when the l)roprietor of the lands ( aused their removal, a jKirt Lioing lo St. Regis, and others relum- ing to Onondaga. Some years since, the (or- ner-stoiie of a building erected ne.ir the site of the present light-house, at the entr.ince of the harbor at Ogdi'Usburg. was found in taking down the building. It may now be seen over the door of ,1 building erected for a State arsenal in that city, and bears liic fol- lowing inscription: In nomine -f- Dei Oinnipotenlis Huic habitationi initi.idedit I'rans Picipiet. 1749. These premises remained standing when set- tlement began under title from the State, in 1796, and until long afterwards. Thev weri' I'lttt'd up for a store and for dwellings until better could be built, and the site of the foiin- tl.itions mav still be traced. Operations in 17.^5-^': Cai'turf. ov Oswkgo. The war, which i,aule(l in the coniiuest of ('.m.id.i, is wilhonl incident so f.ir as relates to the 'I'housand Isl.inds; but man\ events oc- curred u|ion this frontier, which became the thoroughfare of large armies, the only com- munication then known being by the river, between tin,' settled [i.irts of Canada and the upper lakes. In the summer of 1755 the French were en- gaged in strengthening the post at ITontenac, ami later in the se.ison at Niagara. The first detachment in going n|) was met b\ a jMrty of Indi.ius .imong the Islands on the isi of .\u- gust. Thev had a number of sc.ilps, ami gave the hrst intimatiiui rcceixed in ("an.id.i of tiie defe.itiif I'radddck's .irinv near I'lir! DuQiiesne a fortnight before. This success of the French determined m.mv of the Indi.ms to take up arms against the Fnglish, and many of the c .innon <\iiiiured on that occ.ision were used by the l-'rcnch at Ni.ig.ira and elsewhere on the northern border during the following year. In I 756, consider, dile bodies of troojis were sent fnun {'"ranee, and in May, the .Nrarcpiisde Nb)nti\:lm, Cicn. Hour]. iuiai[ue, two engineers, and an armycd' i,_;5o regulars, 1.500 ('anadians and J50 Indi.uis, .im ended the ri\er to |-'ort Fruntenac , .ind M. de X'illers, with 5C0 men, established .1 ])osl of observation on ,Si>-town Point, in the present town of Henderson, Jef- lerson county, the outlines of which may still be i)lainly traced. It w,is sipi.tre, built of up- right timbers, with basiinns at the ciu-ners. and w.is surrounded by a ditch, ,ind at the time hidden from \ii'w In surrounding trees and bushes. This (jt'ticer, u hu was captain of the marine, w.is brave .ind prudent, and had greatly annoved the haiglisli by pillaging their munitions. jikI obliging them to take great pre- cauti(ms in sending i)rovisions to their troo[)s at Oswego. Montcalm left l''ort Frontenai for Point Peninsula on the 5th of .Vugust, and on the 7th the Irench appeared before Oswego. There were at this time two forts at this place i'l lin yi I! 48 ,/ snrr/\/A' (>/ ////: sv: /..iiru/:\ty- r/itr. — Foil ()nlari(i on ilu' iMst sidr, .iinl l''iirl Puppercll on \.\\v wi'st. Tlu' lalii'i, lluii luuly erected, was i.-o t\et -iinair, a ramiiart ot eartli and stone, jo teet thick, and 12 lint liit^li, l)esides tlie ]i.ira|iel. 'I'lie I'leni li liegin tlu-ir ai)iiroa(lies on the ijtli, and on the next day the l'.ni;hsh, hav- inj; sjiiked tlieir ^uns and destmyed iheit pro- visions and ammunition, withdrew to the old fort on the eastern l)ank. TliisCol. Mercer was also oliliged to surrender on thi' 17th. The I-',ni;lisli foree consisted of -',400 men, who \ielded upon terms diitated liy Monl- e,dm, willi .ill tlieir effects, munitions, arms and military stores. It is stated by l',ni;lisli luNtorians that, not- withstanding the pledges of Montcalm, twenty of the garrison were given up to the Indians, Ii\' w.iy of atonement for the loss of friencls, and that all the sick in the ln)S|iital were sc.ilped. At le.ist one hundied men are said toh.uf f.illen \ ictim^ to Indian ferm ii v .ificr the surrender, the remainder being taken down to Montreal, where tlu.'y were mostly exchanged. The Irench did not .Utemiit to hold this [lost .ifter surrender, but most of the i)ro\isions were sent to Niag.ira .md the arlillervto I'lcmten.ic ,iiid Montre.il. Ai ccud- ing to Toui hot, the government got small re- turns of the bootv, as il was mostly stolen or converted to private use by the commissaries, stew.irds anil other agents of tin- servic e, who lost no op|)ortunitv of enriching themselves .it the king's expense. Some of the \erv articles captured were sold back to the governnuni through contr.u tors. Two sloops were sc't on fire by the I'renc h and c.ist .ulrift upon the lake. The greater part of the Iiciu h army returned a week afterwards to .Montreal, and appeared later the same season upon Lake Chaniplain. Di.srRuc 1 ION Of I OKI I'lMN ri N.\i (i75''^). In August, 175.S, Colonel John Hradsireet arrived at Oswego with an army of 3, .^40 men and crossed the lake to l'"c)rt I'rontenac, whic h he captured with ,1 trifling loss. .After de- stroying the fort ami sec uring what he could of the immense military stcjres there deposited, he returned without .ucicK-nl In (Oswego. He repaired the works on llie east side ot the river at that place, whic h remained in Hriiish possession until surrendei'ed to the Inited .St.itc's under Ire, ity in June, \'')(>. I'.M'ini iioN of liiKii \Mina-:s I , ( I 760). The w.ir between the I'rench and iMiglish in Nciilh Ameiic.i, which begun m 1755, had led, b\ the end of i75c>, to the rediu lion of Niag.ua, Tic underoga, (!rown Point ,and tjiiebec. To complete the compiest, three expeditions were planned for 1760: one from 'Quebec, another bv w.iy of Lake Chaniplain, and ,1 third by w.iy of ( )swego and the St. I.iwrence river. The latter was placed under Cicner.il Jeffrey Amherst, and the forces as- sembled at (Iswego were re]iorted on the 5th of August as c onsisting of the ist and jd bat- t.ilion c.f Royal I lighlanders, the 44tli. 46th and 55lh regiments, the 4th b.attalion of the 60th, eight c omii.inies of the 77th, \\\r ol the Solli, 597 grenadiers, an ecpi.il number of light inf.mtrv. 146 rangers, three b.ittalions of the New \'ork regiment, the New Jersey legi- imuil, four battalions of the Connecticut regi- iiK'Ul. .md 157 of the Royal Artillery — .imounting in all to 10,14.' ellective men, oftic ers inc bided. There were besides 706 Indian warriors under Sir Willi.im Johnson. The first detachment of tioop- sailed in Iwii vesseN, tin- Moh.iu k .iiicl the Onondag.i, on llu' 7th. to t.ike po-l at the entr.im e of the St. Lawrence. ( )n the i^tl, .ill h.id elil- b, irked, and lui the e\cning of th.il cl.iy they encamped .11 the he. id of the St, Lawrence. Capl.iin I.oring, with llie luo \essels, who had been the first to leave ( )swego, lost his way anicuig the islands, and while emleavoring to extric ate himself, the main army passed him. Thev, however, .irrived a day c>r two alter at I'oint ail ll.iril, ne.ir the present village of .Mailland, where the I'rem h the ye.ir bebue had built a clock, .md established a fortified ship-vard. The grenadiers and row-galleys had, in the meanlime, taken an adv.mc cd posi- tion at Osweg.itchie, preparatory to an altac k upon Icirt Lcjvis. This fori stood upon an island c ailed Ora- M ''*. ^ \s (//• \7 Av ;/ /'/ >' Kir rii > v. 49 1 DiuMiiiiii liy ill!' Indi, 111'-, ,111(1 111' l\i)\alr li\ llu; liiiiih, — .iliDiii ihrrc iiiiK's l)i.'liiu llir liiiMitli III llif ( •>\vfL;al( lilr, ,111(1 lUMf tlu' 1111(1- (llc of the ( li.iiiiu'l. uliuli II ( iiiiiiilficly ( mil- Ill iinKcl. Ill ininltjiii liiiK'-, il i^ kiiiiuii ,!■> (..'Iiiniiic\ i--l,iiiil, Iroiii the niiii^ ol' llic !■ itik li work-. >lill \i^il)K' u|iiiii it. (In ( ';iiia(l:i. ) 'I'lic work^ iipiiii till-- i--laii(l were l)i\miii iin- (In the (lirrctioii of tlir Cli(,'\ .ilii.' dc Lcvii in iliL- siimnuT (if i73(;, aiul liiii'-licd in I'ho by I'liiiiliol. A ni.i|i '^\\c\\ \<\ .Maiiii' >i-.(iu> lli.il ilic border (.f the i^l.ind \v,is Mt uitli the trunks of trees iiavinfj; tlieir lop^ -till on. ,111(1 Tirinlv set in the j^roiind, so as to |ire^eiit an liiiiienetralile ali.itis ot liriisli on everv side but tlie landiiii^ .it the lower end. Wiiliiii this was :\ iireastwork of e.irth, and luliiiid this .1 dee]! (lit( h tilled with w.iter. through the middle of wlii( Il there r,in a sto( k.ide of stroiu;, sli.ir|iene(l |ii( kets, ( loseU' set and slo|iiii^ outwards. 1 iiside ol the (lit( li >tood the i''ort proper, eonsistiiit,' ui ,i timber par.ii)et tilled will) earth, u ith .i line of strong, sliar|ieiied pickets slopim; out o\cr the dit( h, and pln- loriiis lor e.innon, ,ind in the i enter of the uork^ the ni,ii,'.i/ines and cpiarters. 'I'he lower IMiinl of the island w.is not iiK hided within the ditch and |i,ir.ipet, but had defensive works sulti( ietlt to prevent the landing of bo.its. .\ small I hiireh stood near the head of Callop isl.iiid, .1 short distaiK e below the fort, .it tiie time when this jiO'-t was taken. The I'',ni;lish, finding a sc.ilp displayed in the building, burned it to the ground The outline of the found, itions of this cliiircli can still be traced. The events attending the reduction of this tort— the last that olfered any resistance in Cmada. ni.iy be le.iriied from two ac( oiinis: 'Uie by Maiite, ,in rai-li-h liiM(ui,in of .ip- proved ( redii, and the oti-.er bv I'om hot, the French otficer who defended the fort, and atlerwards wrote a history of the war, that was published after his death. I'he lo^s Ml' ill,' l;ilj;lis|| u;|s IvvetlM' .MIC killed ,111.1 tiinciijcii W(juii.|eU. •Ihe iiisi shot tr.ini the EnR- lisli li.iil.iy killc.j llie I'lcii. Il f .nii!l. ly. I'.lfveii III. Ill wcie kille.l .illtnv.u.K. .iihI .iIi.uiI |..iiv w.iiiM.li'il. The :.;.im'-i)M, c\. i|il ihe piluls, i.ii ihu ^.ikc.if wli.Mii cliiillv ihe |il.i. (■ h.iil lit'cii all.i.ki.l, w.ic sriil III .\.\v N'.iik; ami llie :^riu.'r.il 11.11111.I ihe t.iil I', 'i; I Wil I I \M Ai ..I -M ()-\\ I I. \ I ciiir. i\ 111 I- I iir J'.Ni.i i-ii. Tin i^nglish ( oiitiniied to o( ( iipy ( >--\ve- g.itcliie ,is ,1 tr.iding p.ist until 1 7(;'i, ,ind dur- ing the Revolution it w.is ,1 poiiu of some import.ilK e .IS a pl.ic.c for the stor.ige of sup- plies, and the transfer of freight I'rom bo its to vessels. .Mlhoiigh the St. l.awreiK e ri\er had been (k:( l.ired the bound, iry by the Tre.ity of ly.S^, the IJritish held possession of the whole line of |iosts on the northern frontier to se( lire, .Is they claimed, the rights of cert.iin Dritish subjects. In the absence of authority to |ire\eiit it, the owners of l.ind under pur- chase from the .State sniTered great d.iiiKiges fiom timber thieves, who ojierated e\tensi\ely ,iiid without the le.ist restr.iint. .\ mill on the ( )swegatchie owiii.'d by one \'erno I'raiK is l.orimer, a half-pay < .iptaiii, did ,111 extensive business in this line, but the renioiistr.iiK cs of proprietors obtained no relief. 'I'he usii.il plea when these comiilaints were brought to the .itteiition of oftici,ils was that the\ h,id no jurisdii tion in the matter, ,in(l tli.it relief should be sought in some higher authority. .According to the terms of "Jay's Treatv," all the iio-,ts within the liiited St.ites were to be gi\en up on or before June i, 1796. .Mr. N'.ith.in l'(U(l, agent of S,imiiel Ogden the proprietor, took posstssioii, ,iiid at once bi'g.in improvements with an energy that could not l.iil of suci ess. During his absence the lirst winter the Cin.idians ( anu' over, held a town meeting, elected ( ivil and military otVn ers and opened a kind ot'tice for selling and set- tling his kiiuls; but he made short work wilh these sijiialters and their title. ,iii(l the sellle- nienl grew rajiidly until its prosperit)- w.is ( liei ked for a time b\ the enib,irgo of i,Si2 and the war. tin FORT CARLTON CARLTON ISLAND IN THE REVOLUTION. i^jUR mnrc than oiL^luy \ i-.us the UMvillcr I (III tlic ri\i-r Si. j.aurciux- liy way ut the Aiiiuriian ( iumiu'l, ('Hilil ■-( aii cl\' have lailt-d to noiii a i^ioiip ot >i(iiic < hmiiiL'Xs ^taiuliiiL; on the lihilV at the hea^l ot I'arlton I^Kind. Iniiuiry or examination (li>c lo^ed the larl tlial tliese ohl I hininey -^lac itooil within an ehilio- rateh' t'ottiliid ein hniire ol' wiiu h tlie out- line-, are not onl)' di^tini t, hut in a dej^iee quite perfei t, -lo that tiie plan I- readih deter- mined, the sy>tem id iitilied. it> .irmainent approximately adjud:;ed, its ma:;a/ines and barracks located, and, in short, its whole scope, oliject and intent made reasonably |ilaiii. It will be remembered th.it the head ol I'arlton Island consist^ ol a < oinparali\eK low penin^ula, connei ted li\- a ne( k of land uith the main island. On eai h side of thi> ne( k or islhnuis is a bi\, one arm of whi( li iN (ailed South bavand the otlar Norili bav. I'.ack of the t\\o ba\s the inland rises abrnplK in a ^tei']! blmi' to a hei;^ht of ab.iut sixlv feet abo\e the water, and upon thi-> bluff the fort w.is < on- slnicted. The work oi ctipied three. ei-hths of an 01 lagon, exteiidint^ from edge to ed,L;e of the (lilt on whii h It was built, \\hi( h lates to the southwe-t. The re.ii, or landward side, w.is protected b\- a ^trmiL; earth-work, a ditt h, an out-work and -lacis of stone ,ind a strong .ib.itis. The dit( h was cut in the limestone ro( k. In the (enter ot eac h lac e of the i, im- part.^, .ind midwa\ between the salients, w.is ,1 strong bastion, ( on-^tiui ted for lour ,i;tins, two ol which in e.u h b.i^iion i (juld enlihule < or- respondinj; .iiii^les of tiic dilc h. whi< h was < tit to .1 dejith of ne.irly five feel, with .in averai^c width of twentv-foiir feet. The s< ,irp w.is \erti( al .111(1 j)rote( ted b\ a ( 1k\ e.iiix-de-frisc of ced. ir loj^s. sli.irpened at the outer ends, and exteiidiu:; bevond the berme ; these were held in pi. He by the eailh of the p.ii.ij.el. The ( lUinter^c ,irp w.is .iNo verticil, .iiul be. \ond it extended a (ouvert w.iy ol about the s.ime a\er,iL;e width as the diti h. There were also bomb-proof ma^.i/ines .ind b.irrac ks erei ted, and a well sunk to .i level of oi below the w.iter in \iulh ba\-. ( )n the lotli of June, f-jn^, there still remained in the fort ten eiuhteen-pounders, (he tw clve-iioundcrs, two nine-pounders and two six-pounders. In I7.S,5, ten ye.irs previous, six eii;lituens .iiul 1 i \ (■//.■//■'\ /^/, ;-\/' /A ////. i; mi ♦.li.il ilic 1 (iiii|iii-ic aiiii.iiiii.nt imi^i Ikuc Ihcii ^iMiiU tiy,liiccii^, li'ii tuilvr-, t\M> ii:iif!> and two >i\r-^; 111 all, thirly .l;iiii^, As raiK .1-^ 1771. laillnii 1-1, nd, tlini kiiiivvii a- link, 111 I 'i I T l-land, Ik'i amc a iradiiii; pii-l nl in n li iin|iiii lanrr tur (JiicIilt iiu-ii lian;- \\ liii ^M'l'i' diMlmi; u illi tlic Ini'.ian liilics. Ill I 7 75 '> '111' l!i iii--li ,l;ii\ iinnu-nt li 111 liicitcd n inililaiv and na\al -n|i|>K di'iiarl- III; 111 nil tin' i-laiid, lull 11 w.is nut until An-ii-i. 177.S, that any aticin|it at lntiilying it \va- mido. The riMsnns fur mi dnint; may W Vt-iV l'|-irll\ -laird. .\t the InrakiiiL; mit iiT t!u' U'.ir III' llir Kovolntioii, the IliillNh held Ni.1l; ii.i, ( »-\\ i-'Hii, I'liit !■ iimtcnai; (iniw Kin:;-- tiin), and iiiiili-.iiutL'(i sua\ nf the lakes and ul the liM-r Si. {..lureine, .Sir Ciuy ('.nituil w.i- goveriiiir nl the ( '.inad.ls, .mil 1 iiinni.iiHler- 111-rliief (it hi- .M.iiesty'- luK es therein. A (■.iiii|i,iiL;n .i^^.iinst the ( nloiiie- w.is |il,inned e.iiK in llu' war, and il- iiianat;einenl eiitnisled I.I (len. |iilin riiir-m ne, in-te,id ul Sir (\\\\ (.', niton. 'I'he pi. 111 «.i- well l.iid. liiir- ;,;i)yi)L' w.is 111 niii\e mi .\lli.iny In u ly nl !,,ike Chainpl.iin; Cnl. Il.irry St. 1 1-1 1 u ,1- tn pKii eed up the St. I .lu lenre In ()-\\ei;ii and thence tu liirt .Stanwi.x (kmiu), .ind, re- dtii inji that, reaeh .\lliany In ".n ul the .\l«ih,iuk, .ind I'lnin ,1 inm lion with llnijjoyne; while Sir Henry Clinton w.is to move n|i the Hudson River to the -aiiu' point. iJiil Ihir- j^oyne W.IS defeated .it S.ir.Uo^.i, St. l.e.uer w.i- forced to r.iise the -ieL;e of lorl Stanwix, .md Clinion f.iiled to re.n h .\lli.my— so the welld.iid pi. in w.i- dcfe.iled. Thinkini; him- self ,ij;,L;rie\ed hv the .ippointinent ot I'.ir- j;o\ ne, Sir ('■ n v C.irlton re-i.i;neil his po-ilion .md returned to j-'.n-l.ind; .md Sir liedeiak H.ildiin.md wis appointed to hi- pi. ice. In lulv. I77,S, ('.en. H.ildimand i--ued .111 order lo laeiii. Willi, im Twi— of the j-'ai-i- iieers. l.ieiil. Srhink of the Navy, .md Cipl. .Xillirey of the .|7lh Reuiment, to proceed lo the ii|iper Si. l.nvreiice .md llii're -elei t sin h a place as in their indunieiil w.is liesi Miiied to e-talilish a shi|i-\ard ,ind .ill its iiece-s.ii\' re- ipiiieineiits. .\fter .1 i .ireful ex.unin.ilion ol M-ver.il point- they jiili lii-d on l)eei 1-1. md. '!apl. Si ii.mk li.id .1 lone o! .lUUiier-, .md {■,i|);. .\iiliu\ his own coiiip.mv .md .1 detai h- ini'iit of Sir John Jolm-on's " Royal tiieins," l.lelll. I'wis- dicw the pi. in- lol the loll, .ilid n. lined it I'liii ll.ddiin.iiul, in honor ol the 11, \v ( oiiini.iiiiler, and the tlirei' ottu iT- cli.m^id the n.ime of the i-l.md lioin " I leer " to " ( '.irlliiii," m honor ol their toiiner com- ni.inder. Sir ( 'luy Cirlton. '1 he lort was ne\er liilU ( oiiipleled, work liiiiiL; ili-conliniied hy order of ( len. I l.ildiin.md in 1 7.^,^. During the W.ir ol the Re\olution, Carlton Isl.ind w.i- the iiio-t iiniiortant jiosi above Monlie.il. M.iny ve-sels ol w.ir .md ;.;nnl)o.its were built in the North li.iy, .md the iiUue was the me. It depot of niilil.irv .md iias.il sup- plies for the Nmihue-I. ll w.i- the place of refuse lor the Tories of New N'oik, I'ennsyl- v.mi.i and Newjersev. Th.u end.ma^ea, the ere. It ciiief of the Si\ N ilion-, 111, ide lliis his lu-.idipKirlers. l,arj;e nuinbers of those tribe- em amiied on ('.irlton and Wolfe isl.md-. 'The bloody ma— .icres of the Ced.irs, \\\i.- inin-. Cherrv \'.ille\, and Slmiy .\r.ilii.i, weii' ]il. limed here, .md e\ei tiled by lorces which went lliilil here. W h.il .1 coiitr.ist between the Carlton Is- l.md iif 117 ve.iis .leo, and now. Then all w.i- bii-iU'. \e--els of war were buikiinj;, .1 furl in coiislrui lion; the drums be.it the reveille, .md the 10. ir of the evening ^\m sLirtli'il t!>e echoes .nnid the dense toresls on i-l.m-l .md mainl.md. The note- ol the buelo r.iiii; shrill and ( lear acro-s the cry-t.il w, iters of the St. l.iwrence, while the w.ir-whuopof the p.iinlid Iio.pioi- boded de.itli and di-aster lo the frontier -etller. lo-d.iy. .ill is ipiiel. Where the artiricers of the Re\olulion built their vessels of w.ii'. the .iriificers of to-day .ire 1 oni|iletini^ the finest cottage on thi' St. L.iwrence ri\'er. The l.inil e.irned by his ser- \ i( e in the ('onlinent.il .iriiiv, .md er.mied to a soldier of the Revolution, now belone- to a e. ill. ml soldier of a l.iler Revolution, which c-i.ibli-lied as .1 permaiuiu f.ici thai wiiicli the fir-l Revolution only inaiieurated as an exiieiinunt "The rnioii, one and iiisc[).irable." f 54 w s,i/ r/.\7A' ()/■■ riii: si. / m h'/.\, /. a 7/ 7. A'. HON. THOMAS G. ALVORD'S FISHING EXPERIENCES II'' IN I III i;l\ I k, I \Ki \ i\ I III I i.i< I II \'^lli;\ I fiiM h-.m1vi(1 111 lu-.Mi'ed with *^ llu' |.lr|..n,Ul()ll lit llii> >.Hivrlii|-. inv liiiiiil loiirt-ivrd the IiIlm n\ .i>kin- -^iww niir "I th<' rarlv Ircinu'iiici-. ..| the (lir.it Kim r i.i ^\IIU- ll|i hi> lIlK CSlKTIL-lll e>. I kiuu ih.ii ^il.is Wri-hl, ,111(1 ru-stnii Kin-, .iiul .M,,il;n Van liatrii ami his sun I'liiur |.,iui, an>l |)i. I'.cthiin.', ami Dr. Hull in,|, ,i, w, 11 .i, iho hmi- ilrccU (ii later iiirn ol' f.|ii,il al.ilit\, im 1ml- in.^ (liaiil iiui .Sliriiii.in and .Shcrid.m. h.id all jp.is^rd .i\\.i\ — then nainr> ik.w (uih .i nu'imiiy -- llu-ii |iie-.cii(a' iu-\rr inuii- tn In- ie(i>i;ni/ial Ny tin- ,L;ir.it n.ili.m tli.it iiL'lii;lited t<' lii>iiiu- till 111 wlun lixiiiL;. ('.i^tin^ alxint tiif sdinr a-fd nlic, yet s|i,llC(l, We tlKiil-ht nl I.ieiil. (iu\. 'riidtii.is (;. .\lv(ii(!. Ill' .s\ r.Hii^c, am! hr h.is ;;ra( iniish i iim|ilird with mii- ir- ||iic-~I. Wilhiiiit liinher ml ludm limi wi- -ur lll^ adinirilile liMrt; pi I'l n llll- il. l|.iur\rl, liy s.i\in- ih.il hr u.i^ liir in.inv vr.n. the "" llCf 'il^'l '<< < IIIMIII lit' wh.U l> IsllllWli .1,, " ( imcniin'-, Nl.iml," nnw the innprtiv ni Ml. I'Jm i\. It i- thr lii^! i^l.inil almvr the (Hie ii|Min uhi( h Mi. C. (;. |'.im-iy limit ,i licaiitil'nl villa, whli li hr has I iirix riil.ii-nl and u'lcalK impnA rd. .Mr. .Mw.rd^ ImiL; ( (iniir( li.iii with ihr iiiiliiii d lii->t()r\ (it llir St.ite h Is m.ide hi^ name iiiu^t I'.iinili ir in mii ]ie(i|ilc iimh r the i n^mitiirii ul " ( )|il .S.ilt," ,i n.ime raiiiril in the I ,ei;islatiiri' In hi^ persist- ent .idhrrrm r In ihr lnrtlines (if .Svi'.KUsr where the wrll-knuwii ( )ii()iul,ig,i Silt S|irii)-> hive iieen ^u Imn; a soiine of iirullt Id the St, lie. .IS well as the soiua c iif \cr\ mm h iil' the e,iiii(a- wr.iltli and iiiiiinrLince i.l th.it i ii\. Sn |,:.\i I ~i , icluit.iry j,, i,S()5. J\". A H,\|i|iiM K, l',-i,i.: Mv hi \K SiK. I am in recei|it of vfiiir pliMsint letter (if rr. |iies| lli,it I dot duun something (<\ .1 liistiir\ of mv earh e\ptai- en( es as an ani,itiair lislieriiian on the glorious aiul lordly St. [..iwrenct.'. To this re(iiiest 1 clieeiliilly ac( edr. ,ind le:n f to vnii the deii- ^i"ii I'l'l lin il lad-iiiriii uhether or imi it ■"''■I'l I'lii'l "Is w.iv mill Mill! ( oniempl.iird 'ii^l"iv of the Si. I. iwreiK e .ind it^ j.ooo 1^1, ukU. I hr-i lie-. Ill tin pi>r itiiri.il ( arr( r m the »,iieis,,i the llmUoii n\cr, nine miles ,ilio\c' ,\lli in\, wiieii 1 w.is \ (Mill;; enough to he withoiii di^( reiion, lull old ( iiiiii-h to liook .1 simli^h, and ( iiii-.e(pieiitly ( ,ime ne.ir. mi mie ■.« ( .ision, li 111- drowned li> l',illin,i; f n mi the drnk into lii>-' ll\iT Mv hive for ihe -purl f.illowed iiie iiiio iin i.ille-.' life, .ind .i> ofitai a> pn-MJiK- | lApliirrd the w.iti rs (if i..in|4 M.iiid S id lor Its 111 11 k-lidl. por-irs, r|( . I ( .irrird the t.lMr with inr 111 Ihr llrrkOiirr Hills, .iml in .1 '■"ioiini of luii MMv- lAplorrd .ill ihe trout '-li-'iin-' ind pii kca-rl an | Im,- p,.iid, within rr.K h of .1 i|.i\ 's iniirnrv from rnt-ii, Id, .M.issa- ' 'iiisrils. I divided my lime for tun years hnween lll.n k-toiie .md mv troiit-iod. on the ed-e .md o\cr the line iietucn uilderness and -rmi-( i\ ili/ itioii .It Kre>e\ille in Clinton I'Miniy. ami. when .i full ilrdr,.,] ],iu\er in ^il' I'oinl, I had .i ri-ht to sii, k out mv -iun •1^ "Ally. .It l.iu." ther.' w.i> ipiite often •"I'lrd at Ihr lioiiom .1 I, mpiir.irv po-lsi ript. '' 1'. S. ( lour I'l-hin-." l-'i'Mii Imir 1(1 limr I would he.ir a.liout the lie.intirs 111 the St. {..iwreme .ind its iiiinv island- in ( (iniam I ion uith il- nneipi ailed e\- cellem e ,as ,1 hunlini; uroiind for dm k-. .md its ;.;re.il .ilimid.ima- of the r.imie-t lisli to l,e foiim! in fre-h u alrrs. | li.id a long-time ,i( - 'pi.iint.iiK (• with ,1 Mr. Duiton, a noted iniisie deilrr of I'liiM. who ,is eaily as in the later tollies, w.i- in the h.ihit of sjiendin.n a iiortion nt the year with hi- son- li-liin- on the river; -o IliLilly, in i,S:;_'. I proposed to a liioili(a- m-law visiiina nir from Indian, i. an e\( iirsion to .\lr\ imiri.i I'l.iy \i.i ( )-wri;o. .\( aa irdiimly. one Sepluinher niorninLi we landed tin re from the (jjd "C.it.irai t," whose liones have Iml 1 Anlli"! I.I Iwi. liUfU'srifii.' Am. Irs m ilii-< S.mvfnit l/>>\ ///I'U.I-' (,' .l/li>U/r^ //S///\i: / \77 A7/ WA.v 3/ , \.\\ l.itrK (li->,i|iln in il tmiii lllr sv.ilcis iil the luufl' 1j,1\ ,lt ('l;l\lni;. ulnTC ^lle ll.lcl i.-niiiVi'il I i\'->t lor in.iiiy yc.ii^ ,ilUf ■'lu- c ci^id to Ijc ,1 ll'i.iliiiL; ii.i^si.iiL'i.T lr,in>p'ni. Ai ih.it liiiir AlcN.milri.i lla\' w.i-' llu- Mi(ci nl I'l-^liiM nicii. .mil t!Li\ lull ,ihc iuMc|iin,iiicr> 111 ^'I'laix--! im- licr ( iittinu. .111.1 nil Ijualman fur li^lici-rdlk li.iih'd t'ldin iIu'H' imlil some )\-.u^ tluii .iiur. ( )lil mm l'rii-.^iiMn kipi ilic (Hilv ( ai.u'.in^ai ic ,it Alcxinilria liav, and hi-- thru small cslali- lisliiiuail nil llio ii!(ks was liardh ivn IumiuI unalilL' tip ai 1 (i'liiiiiidatc all cmiiuis, IIu- cnoniimis i ha'.'nc ul' ¥i.oo |ii'|- d,i\ aUo m- cl'idi'il siitlicienl Iuik li liir llir nnnii-dav iiiial of liiilli >|ii)i i-aiian and uuiilr. lakni " al Ircsco," 1)11 Mime o|iiii>riiinr i-.land; lli<- Imid luriii-.licd uMs Wfll inTpari-d. and llu- mnrr dolii ale a( - rrs'-ions, iiiiu ( iin--idcri'd aliiiust iin i'>--ilii"-, wa-rc |irii\ iilnl under llic laialiil wali li nl tin- lii)-.less. Il u Is ahvavs iical. aliiiiidanl and jialatalilc. I'lic boats of llial ila\- witc Imt tlir i iikIl- |ilototViK's of t lie [ircsLMlt e.\l|ll|slU- olUs, wllilil lia\e no sii|iL'riors on tiif j;lol)e in toiin. llnisli or |Ha lei 1 ail.i|ilaliilit\ . u iili iluai u ell-mali lied oars, (enter hoards, ( usiiioned ( hairs, and other reiniisites, superior in all respe< Is for the Uses lo wliii li ihev are pul. 'I'heii. under the I'oniinand of ConimiMlore Ned i'allerson, still liviiij^ and still a j^iiide (m lo;^enarian sure, if not cenleii.irian ). I eiiiharked on nu I'lisi lisliiii^ es( nrs'.iii in a Imai iiiaile of pine (noi piano linished), sharp al (.Mill end, iml more ill in I ( feel Ioiil;, lou -sided, with naked uiMiileii lioards, u iiliont Ikk k-iesis fill" seals. Loaded down aliiiosi in\ariaM\ mi the reiiirn I loiii a da\ "s lisliin;^ wiili their human i ari;o and i'al( h of lish, ihe L:un\\ales would lie |ieril- oiislv near the level of the water of ihe ri\ei. 'The rememlieied oaisinen or miides o| thai d i\ were old man (iiiflin, Ned I'allerson, Alph and 'i'oai I'oiilstoc k, the lasi named liein^ m\ faxoriie, and after nu first \isii iu- vaiialilv nu ^iiide unlil some time aflei Ale\- .mdri a Ha\' uas aliandoned fur Ckuion .is ihe nearer pnini for the mere desiralilo lishin..; grounds. Not knowing; the mit lit best .idapled 1 '.he river in lli.' iiMtlei of l"isliin;;-laikle, and lieinij adv ised ihat the Imalman furnisheLl all llial u as lu'i ess ir\ in ih at 1 1 i^ 1 1 . 1, we look none w i: h Us, lull usi'd ihe nalivc tools. These u ere I rude in V er\ (I 1, the pohs were hoiiie-inade; I lie lull's uiue ' lU^ii .mil the spoi ui lor I rollini; was lilerilU' the liinvl ot .\\\ linn or ]ieWlel spoon with a sinj^U- lu^ioaise hook, lira/ed on ihe hn\ei end, .ind allaclled In tin.- line w ihoul sui\el, ,md did not lolale lull simpK woMili'd in the w.iler: li\e liail lol b.lss was not ihi-n llioUL;hl of, luil ,i supply of worms aiioiiipanied eai li lioal. Ihe jliiltons were lliere uilli iheir iiioie .(rlistii .ippli.inces, con- sisiiiii; lit spooiis with suiwls. and ot v.irioiis lolors, .ind lairU siuoolii laid-lines ,ind iointed liiniliii rods; liiit uiili all liuir laiK v ri;j,s they \ erv seldom sui c (,-o(liil in lieatini; oui' < .iti h uilii the llolnelie'l tools. Rr\. I M. llelluille wis there; he was the donor ol the Stone ('hunh in llie \illaL;e, in wliieli, mm h to the 4r.1l ilii .uioii 111 the n.itises ,ind xisitois, he .iUv,i\s otliiiited on Suinl,i\ s when in town, lie u.is ,1 |i,i>-, ri,heiin.m and Used a ll\ as a line, .\lteu- le.ivm;,; I'tii.i for New N'ork he slill o( 1 .ision.ilU wMs 111 lie ni'l in llu se.ison ,11 his l.uorile resort luriii;; till- li.iss with tlie dehisi\e llv diiriiiu tlu' week, and lemptiiij; men .ind uomeii on Snnd.iys, li\ ids powerful |iulpil elo.pieiKf. to a lieller .md |iiirer life, riiere ,md llieii I liist met Selli (lieen, and then lomnuaK ed a w.iini trieiidship wliieli ended onU with his de.illi. I le ne\er f.iiled lol' \eirs to suppls nie, " unsolic iti'd (111 my p.m." Willi ,in aliimd.itii e ol his own-mak.' of llies, lioth sini;le and in .lA.iu;.;. .and « henever we iiiel li.'alw.i\s ),M\e me a le. lined li'elnre(m the proiiii'ss in pis( .itiu'i.d s(i,.||i c and ,irl. lie' w.is ,u ill, It lime and fm manv \ e.Us the- ■• - .ifler the oiil\ t'isl,.'r dueller on aiiv of the lie.iiiliful iskinds of the Si. I..iwrenie .'\r( lii- pel.iL;o. in.ikini; llu' now renowned Maiih.itt.m Isl.md his h.ime where his house . lav slill lie seen, llioii-h remodeled | see f rolltispieee]. 1 lis ini'inm s will lie " (Ireeii "in the re('olle( liim of in.m\ lo \\ lioui his i'\,i 11; pie ,111(1 le,i(liin;4s ;ia\ e imp.iiled .1 lo\e for .1 s|ioi'l .md pasiinie ( om- pelliiiL; llu'in III ('ommiine wi'.li n.iliire where dressed ill her most eniiciiiL; ^.irh .ind to drink in ihe pure .lir of he.u'en. lie.iriii:.; lo llieiii .1 he.ilihful (lire — resloriiiL^ body and soul to .1 5« A s,>cr/,x//: (>/■ /■///■ s/- /_/ //■/,■/ .V(v; Av/v /,' pcrfcr, luMhh an.l vi,,„, ,,,,,1 .-..lin, .„„■ 1„,. k . ,v,,.n, nn.nl.r „t v.:u. :ul,lc.l ,o mv r„ll .|nd ,.M,,,v,l i,,„l,lv .uvn^h 1„„ unl, a nnn.l An .una. „„ ,1,. ,.ooo i.lan,N of .he S,. 1 ii'. r . iial .. ,lu- surr„„n,l,n., ,„ ,nv f„M '• n,,- I!,,,.,,, ,n, ,„ , ;„„K./' was -uvn i;,.,| :;;;.';'" W 7^""" '''"^■"" '■'""■ ''^' m^.'--,,,. a,,. .,,,....„„..,:,„"„. ' '"';"■' ''""'':'^'; '- --'-'" "- H— ...v„.,U „,„>.,ian,!..,„l,o,l ,„,„ ''VVn'uuu ,.nnn. u> cnn,o an,l ..na,. ,„.„.. n., ,., „v .„, ,l„.„ . all,,.. ^1„. ! ' • '■" ' '■"""'"^ — . t.u- „v..,- „„.„ .,n,l .,„|,„.. n,, I, „,„' ,,,„.,__ . :,■;■■';■" •''^'' ''^'••'''7''''' l--''' •'■-■ l".'^..lu.v,va,, „,.uvan,n-, v.,.,, ;;;;;:;V:,'''''''^"';"V'''V;'''''''- ■''''' '--■■■—•'--'• i—n-a....,,.; ' ' '■""'"•^"■'r'""'""'''^'"!"""- ^n„ul,..l,. ,„ ,|,..uav. .„ ,|„. ,.,,•,„„ ,1.1,... M. I,iwir,i,c.. ln„„ Chii.iK-ua m, thr n,„,l, „,>,1.... ,1,..;.. '., . ' I'l"'"-' "" ''"■ ""ll'l lll),l>'i- Ihrir , nv, ■j,,;M\r n 'III 111 and 1 arclcs-, "-'"'■ ' I'll'l ■l|■.■^a■,■ ti.,i,i ,,|| I, ,,i„ n,-,l.,,,^vr. i-hrv tn llir (I I'll iii.lrlilaliun al lli,' h,- ,,1 ,,f | ,, '';;';!■:::;'• "i^"' '''IT''''''''' '''';'''''''^^ a.v.n,i,„.„.„ ,„„..,„.„.„„.,;,....,:„;. ''""''"■.■'"'"■ '""""""■''^■'■""''■i"^'" .-l.on,.,„.,-,h,n,l„.„-,.,n,,l,n,a- ,n,M n,,,,,,' h.,n...n,,,,,a,, ,,..a,,,,-la,K.na,,a,,,i,,,. „,..„„„.,..„,, • .a.. ..,,,„,„,, .„„,. rtondroiis, iink'si iilia I I in liiv' uaiiT. ■'iv :t.-) Mililiinilv nt (livciMlrd l^lal„l and . II- ,,|..l,i,,. 1 , • , , " ' i< ■- "i ,i,,.|i,,,, „■„,•.• ' M-iM'Kii nijii au>d.-|Mnin-ainiind III,-,,,. |,,,i||||„. I " , ' '■ , """■ ' 'i'^'' 1^11. ,wn 111,. ,,\,.|- I I, ,^,. . "":;• '--"'- '•'^"■"-.■'-l.,..ii,,,.. U-„l,„n,.|,,„„..„Ma,i„„..,l„.v,,lv,l„.. ■- urn 1 '":'•'■'; ■"\'''^""';'"''"; .""' ■- ■•■• -nmn.day. Tli,. ,,.,1, ,1,.. ,. 7 „,.. ,.,„„. 7 7 7^ '";''"''''"'''' '''''^'■^^; ''■'■■ •'•■•• "-,,.„kwn..n .dav n.,.al ,li,.7,.d. 7 ' ' '■•'""' '■• '"■ ■"■"■ ""^'" '"^^-^ "'•^'■'- -'^i"^- ^"^^ ---„„; „. 7 ; ' rrT'''- „ .l-ill,li..v. an ,„,... „„andMn,a.s. ,„77': ' 7 ^-'^ "'■' ^'"V^'"^ '•'1^'"-' '-IH' I''- — n „r ,lu. ,,000 .land.,s,.a.lv,l.,- 1 inni), ,'nt ,n|,i\ nu'iii ,,1' .iilicrs. tar liftii'i-, I toiik in annu.ilU 1 Inad of IumIiI "';''.7!'7'r''"7''"'V'"'"' '""'• -ninNn. ,;, AIAUKI, M.nn liic lol.ng, of yoiiil, „i ..jmc ol ih. ,„- .Syr.,. „„■, K-i.rua.y. ,,>;,^5. iiii. I i (V ////: ///ij/ >.i.\/> />/..i\/is. r.i THE FRENCH OWNERS OF THE THOUSAND ISLANDS. IT tn.iy iiilrrcsl llu' ickIct to kimu wlm, iraI ti) tlir AliniiniiK's. were tlu' fiisl (i\mi(.'I> (il uli.il ulirrc- known to the I'lencli a> " I.es Mil'.es l^le■^." .111(1 to tluir l!|■iti^ll ( niii|ikior>, .md to u>, .IS " 'I'lie 'I'lioiis.ind Islands." in the .di^ti.ii ts lit' "the iuMlty Rolls " (Ai te^ de lov el IIoinni,i;.;e), to be tound in \'ol. I \' ot the (l.ui.idi.in Ai"< hixcs ,it ( Itt.uv.i, !■> a rei oiil 111 the oii;.;in.il title to ihe^e i--l,iiids. uhiili then ((instituted .1 ^inj^le ^r.inl or "fiet." Tlie (.■ntire liody <<( isl.mds was Inst L;i-.nited to Sieuis I'lol de i ..ingloisierie .iiid I'etit, in 1714; .111(1, with some eiil.irj;eineiits, w.is le- titanted to the s.niie p.irties in 1752- At'tei- the death of the origin, d L^r.mtees, one hall' ol the original fu'f, that is to -ly, one-half of the entire IhmK of isl.ni(U, w.ts L;r,iiit(-'(i to l.ouis Hertel and .Sienr I,.nn.in|iie; hoili ol whom took the oath of fealty, the former .is the widower of M.irie Ilijipolyle ( 'eleron, and hush.iiiil III ."^iis.nine I'iot ih; I ..ingloisierie: and the laller, .is the hiisli.ind of Marie Anne Tlu'res I ("eloron de r>l.iinville. who was the d.iiiglUer, .IS w.is M.irie Hi|)|iol\te Celeron, of Sienr ("elinm de lil.iiiuille. M'd'lle I'mt de I.angloisiere, d iiightei' iif the first owner. 'I'lie other half of the llcf, with its (.'iiLirge- ment, w. IS granted to ImisI.k he l.ouis [..iinbert l)iimont. who had a(i|iiired tin- right of his hrolheis ,;nd sisters, all lieing ( liildren of l''.iist.ielie l.imliert htimonl ,1 id his wifi' Ch.irlotle, also a d. Higher of the lirsl owner. Later on. oiie-foiirth of the I'lef w.is trans- ferred to Catherine Cl.uis, widow of Willi. ini Clans. lolin lohnson CI. 111s and \\.iiri.n Clans, sons of Willi, mi ('laiis; and ('.illurine Anne CI ins and ,1 widow (le.ile. a ni.irrieil d.iilgliler of Willi. un (l.iiis, 'ind iKn her cliil- drni liv marri.ige, took the oath in relation III Willi. nil Cl.uis' |iirt of the luf, whii h he h.id piinhised from one j.uob lord.; d he from Simon I'r.iser, who iinrih.ised Irom l.oiiis llertel de ('h,iiiilil\-, who took llir o.itli for h.ilf the I'lef in 17.S1. Another fonrili 01 the ("lef was held .it this time iiy Jouvier Doii- 1 111 L.icroiv, .is heir to his lather, Ilnliert l..ur()i\; .mil liv tlu.' |)iii( liase of the lights ..i his brothers ,111(1 sisters. Hubert l.,i(roi\ hid recei\'ed this part of the fief ,is ,1 gift from .M.irie .\iine I lieresa ('eleron, the widow of Sienr 1 .ain.ir(|iie. The William Cl.iiis .ibovc nienlioneil w.is the son iif (,'ol. h.iniel Cl.ius. who w.is a |iiomiiient ofll( er in the War of the l\e\ oliition. Hew, Is the de|iiit\' siijierintendent of Indi.in .ill'iirs, and ,U one time was dejiiitN' iiiiarter- in.islei-general iiiuler ('ol. Il.irry St. I.eger. on the ex|ie(lition to I'Urt St.inwix. Col, CI. ins spent a great p')rlion of liis lime during the w.irat .Montre.il, but wasa freipient visitor ■It Carlton Island, and other posts on hike ()ntari(). He w.is born in the Moli.iwk \allev, and having an intimate knowledge ui tiie Iro- quois language, he was appoinleij inlerpret(.r for Sir Willi, 1111 Johnson, and accompanied him on the e.xpedition ag.iinst Oieskaii, .is a lieiiten.int of r.tngers. He m.irried a d.iugliler of Sir William Johnson. He became ,1 ( .ijita''! in i;5i. and in 1776 visited England, anil re- turiR'd as deputy siiiierintendent of Indians, with the r.mk of colonel. He died in Cardiff, Wales, in 17.S7. His wife died in Can. id. 1 in i.Soi. Il W.IS he who tr.iiislated the book ol Common Prayer into tlie Indian tongue. ]\nw these grants were fin.illv disjiosed of, the writi'r is un.ible to s.iy; but at all events, o'u-half of the original fief jiasscd into the hands of the United St.ites after the W.ir of the Revolution, .ind were by them sold to .Mev- ander M.u omb. Whether the owners were re- imbursed by the llritisli go\ einmeiit. does not .ippe.ir, nor does il appear in wh.it w.iy the Si. Regis Indians ha\e .1 ( laiin ii|ion tli.it pari of the 'riioiis.ind Islands which lie in ( '.inadian w.tters. ( )ne thing, however, is cert.iin ; il those old proprietors (oiild be f.uored to-day with a bird's-evi' view of their former ]iossos- sions, tlie\ would be somewhat astonished at their appe.ir,ince. especiallv willi the N'ankee half of the original I'lel; and, but for.i peculiar 1' 1 l>.-> ,1 s<)/i/:.\/A- (>/■ till: >i i.iwKi..\(.i: h-ni.K. SLiitiiiiciu.ili^iii wliii l\ liii wars li.i> |u-i\a(li(l Iri n-. lndk for mk li iiiiiirnvcmfiiii ,is wi tin- Ldiiiiliy press (il I'aii.uLi, the '.vliulr i'kI Would l)c t()-(l.iv llic woaliliicsi ami mn^i at- tiaili\i- MiiiiiiKT ii'soit ill ilif wiiild, and I'lually i> iK'iK'llcial In Caiiida a> Id the Uiiiti'd Si.itr^. \.uv lliat the s,iK- cil many "\ tlicislaudb 111 Canadian waters lua bcuii iiuuk. lom^iioiid witli tliL-ir nalntal l)cautic>. and splendid situation, and (ommcnsiiratc with till- ma.;nitiidri)t ilu' j^r and Canadian pnniiKc in whii h ihcy arc hn lud. ami with thi ciuTgv and patriotism oi her rdiiicd and tultixatid :;/"' / > .\ bllOull.No 1 111. KAI'lDS. THOUSAND ISLAND PARK. /J^TllIS p. Ills srt'ins tri Ii.nr lu'oii an mit- ' i^H)v\lli 111 ill, II \va\r 111 i\lii;iiiu-> snui- iiKiil wliii li swi'iil lUii ilu- (iiimtiy .ilioiu 1S7.I — till.' rcNiilt. in-rli,i]i-s, 111 the HMtlinn in iiKn\ niiniK \vlii( li iiMi.illy IoIIiinvs i^i'c.il I'm.inri.il (lc|irL'ssii)n. lis ( iinlcmiiov iiy ilc- vclii|iiiU'nt-> AW \i--ililc at .\>liiii\ V.wk ami ( )i i-aii ( ;i()\c, two j^raiul siiinmcr resorts u|iiin ihf ^L■al)ll,lnl 1)1' New Jersey, and the latter iiiaiiilestatii 111 nf ihe ^amc ^rnllinenl al ("liaii- taU'|iia. Ill W'csirrn \i'\\ N'urk. All of iIu'm- iiiiivriiuait^ tuwaiil-. siiiniiur re>i(kiur> hiue a ili>tiii( tK rrliniiiiis ( harat ter, and were the iiiilL;rowth III a -^im ere desire lo i^lurily (Iml, and yet, in dniiii; mi, lo make siiiiiiner limnes where raiMilio • oiild naeive the ln-nefit ot" chair^e of sreiie am! of air ami llerha|l^ in tlu-ir m. inner of lixiiin. 'I'lie inanifostaiiiiii of this iin|iiilse at 'I'hoii- siiid 1^1, mil I'arh is due to the elforls of Rev. |. !'. |)asan, a well-known Methodist miiii--- tei, now on the retired list. lie 1 om I'ived the idea that the Metliodi^i denomination would 1^1. idly >ii|iiii;rl such a resort, and he selected the soiithwesti'ily end of WelNley Island .IS the most elii;ilile spot. 'I'lu' selec- tion w.is judicious, and his eilnils were somi .ippreciated. The luxded limls were in.iinlv purcliased (1,000 acres) tioiii ('apt. Tliidop, whose title w.is onh' the third reiiune from the Stale iiself. Success crowned the Associ.i- tioiTs elforls, ,'-^.'_',ooo woilli of lots liaxiiiL; been sold in a sin^^lc Aav. Men siruL;i;led lo secure the most desirahlo sites. 1 1 w.is iin- lortunale for the yoiin}; town, howeser, that the extreine reli,L;ious element so f.ir pre\.iiled th.il illy-( oiisidered restrictions were imiiosed as to enlr.im c fee, etc., but in time these ]H'( illiar \'iews ha\e ^iveii w,i\- lo more liber, il ide.is. To this ij.iy, liuwesei. no ste.imei is .illowed to hind ,il their dock on the l^.ibb.ith, the present iiKiiiai^einent adhermj^ to ihe ori^in.ll pi. in th.il the Sabb.ith should be not only ,1 di\y of rest but of relii4ious observam e. rile 'I'hoiis.iml Isl, 111(1 I'. irk is now. as it u.is ,it the be^inniiii;. .1 place where .1 man c.in le.i\e his wife and 1 liildreii and feel sure that thev will not be exposed to any h.nniful intlu- ein e ol' ,iii\ nature — ,1 |ilace where "the ,issis>ins of soc iet\' " would have no iniUice- meni wh, never to come. The sitii.ition of the park is superior. U.ii k from ilu> river-front phite.iu rises a 101 k\ mound, nearlv joo feet in lleij;lit. whiih afforded ,1 perm.inenl and accessible loc.ility for .1 w.iter reservoir u ilh pressure enoiij;li to rtood the liinhesi buildings. The soil is pro- ductive, resting upon the moraine of this rej;ion, the result of glacial action, '{'he second-growth of timbi r is mainh oak .ind elm, rem.irk.ibly straiL,lu and vigorous, and the lot-owners .ire only called upon to dei idi' wli.it tree should be felled, and not uliat ihey should pi, ml. It is dilficiilt to ioiicei\e of .i liner loi .ition. With man's inteMij^eiit su|ier- vision the' pi. ice may be made the most de- liuhlful in .\merica. ( Hher resoris have the oce.in, with its driftin;j; sands, its fo^s. its storms — ■ this ii.irk lias the j;reat St. Law- rence, whose w, Iters come sweepini; down from the f.ir Xorlhwi'st, pure as the iiiellii\i,' snow can make them, fresh .is the bre.ilh of sprinu, ]il.icid as Nature itself. To live in siK h ,1 spot is a benediction for man; there he forL;ets his i ares, and j;rows into a life of conieniment and thankfulness. N V »T ^'4 ./ sdrr/.y//: -7 /■///■; .v/- / i u/:/ \rr Air/:/:. \i ilic riioii, i;i,l Ul iii,| , ihn,' N ,1 in-ii i'|i- I'll!' .11 i-iii,il II ii^ii'r-, wiMc : i 'hnic ril. m !■',. Ill>li' "ilol 111 n/.iiir in llir .11 IIH is| liuMr. \\\ \> lli\.|l. 1 ». i). ru-,lilriit ; Will, lid I \ i-, > Miir il IS cillL'd .1 " >!il|ili,iriiii-,," liv iiilici > .1 \i. . rn-.ic|i'iii ; (',i|. MliiTl I 1. Sli.iu, fdliii I'l^liy s'lvll. l!i|l tli.ic i> .1 (lillrn'iii c. I)/. mo I' M.illiil. | I. h,i\.iii, I'. ( '. I'urli'^, Iv IS (it Um'Ii .111 I'lur-.'iM I'iu'iiiii ,il .ij;L'ni, li i^ l\riiiiii-i,in, ll.iii. |,iiiU'-> IdIiiismii. \| I ). ,1 |iri'>.-r\.iti\ f, II. !i .1 |i iiiihin^ inllnriu r. In Kiiin.\. tins it ililliM-. wiiIl'U I iiHn .iw-cii. till' pi 111! I- Ml. I>i\i'i . .intiniicil .1 hu'ihIk-i uI the pli' in till' .iir wlij. li .i^>i->N in iln ,iy. Tliiio lui.uil .nul .i-, ^n iii.ii v .iml ^niciil ni,in,ij;i'r sffin^ tM 1)1' .1 i\,i>jii lor tiu' jiflirl tli.it llu' until i.S.Si. (.'Ii.iiu (.■llm- Il.i\cn ii'-.ij;iicil in lu'iu-liii.il rlf '1 i~, |ir. jiliiiiij ii|). in III inv iiiv ili.i> 1 .SS 1 , h ivini: 'u'lii in idi' nnr nt tlic !!l-.llll|l^ lidin ,1 rciidiiic r .iiii.iiij; till.- 'riiiiUi.ind Isl.iiuU o\ the > iiun li ,ii ilif pici i-iiiiiL; (iriui.il (.'dii- (."^yiitSw^^ \ 11. . I I I \ I I l|. .1 - \ \1 . 1 I \ M . I \l;K or upon tin' s(■,l-^llon■. is dnc lirurh to tlu- l.'r.Mirc. II" w i-. sii. irr led hv Kcw I. S. o/niii.' di^ci'rmlili' in tlios- ioc ililir^.. I'>in.;'i I'n. I ). |).. who, in i.'sX;, 'j^.wr pl.n c .\n iii.lii Uion of !h' pro.;ri's..i\ !■ suirit ol till- toR. \.M. h. Kmiii\, \ M.nho h.id Ihcii pirk i> till' Tliousinil Isl.inil //,■> 1/ i. .i \yi-i-k\\ ,1 ni'iii' ."r of tli.' Ii urd of inistrrs from the nevv-^pip'i- pnlilish.'d tlwrr. .iliK condn'ird. fii^l. I ' n Irr hi^ rmruiiii iii,in.i;.^rmciit main of which y. V. ()tis i-, cdiior, .ind Kov. W'll- iniprovrm.'iit^ wrrr prrl.i tni. :md ilicrc came li nil S'.uh'. in.in.im'r. .1 inTio.l of d.Tidfd growth. I Ir 1 oiil innid riij on'.;iii U r.ipit.il of thr A^sociitioii w.is ,is l'ri',i 1 iii for s,.\in vcars. .md the r.iik I'lN'-d at S!i ^.ooo. (if whirli ^7, loo w.is p aid in owr^ nri. li 'o hi> in ina'.;i-iiH'nl, and to the iish. <)n Iinuirs' iiih, 1.S76, thr indi'liicd- f u t lli.ii he li,i> Ihh n of tln.iiii i.il aid at in. m\' iv'ss (if til',,' A^soci.ition \vi~ >;.! |,6 (7. .S I and lini'^. th" assets >!;7.po.i)p ' h ■ 1 ipit il w.is .iflor- I'n ■ pic-M-ni tnisti'cs ,irr : (iiMir.^c I'. I'olts, w.irds in'r(M-.-'il to >!;o.ooo. rro^idi'iit ; ('h'oil:o ('. Siwyci, \'ii c- Prcsi- t If /■//.''' s /.\7' /^i..L\n /'.ia'a: ^'=; drill ; l>r. A. \\ . < i'liid.iK', 'I'rciMiii-i ; Waltrr ( cli'lnjlid |irf.ii Ihts in tlir I'nilid Si.iii^ .iiid lii'invii, .\-.M^l.mi I'lcuiiii I ; W. k. litili, Ciii.id.i, ,ind ilio K'lMii.ition nf tin: I'.iik in Sr(ii-I,ii\. l'rii^lrL-> : (ifiii-r r. lull-,, K (1, ilii^ ^(■^li^(■l li.is liiiii .idniir.diK Misijiiicd. Wrck^, Cii'' r^r ('. S nv\tT. W. I\ , I iii h, W,d- \\r\ . \U. \. I.. C. S.iuNcr, cdiioi- l>n'^"l .ncn of estahh^hed reputation auditorium has a rntural sKipe, tlie acoustics •"" ^' "l"v. In this uay the nohle Tal,er- are a.lmnahle. and the si.ht most uni.pie an.l n.irU. has had u.uler ,ts roof s,mie of tlie most interesting when tlie vast phu e is filled with f r/, .1 S(U l/.\/U ('/ //// s/-. / III A'/.Vi/ lail R. the sc.i of U|ituiiii' .u res ;iie left, ile\ died lo d,iir\ illi;. I he IHimpill;; engines df llie Assoiiatioli. ihiil system dl se\vera;.;e, w.iter siijiph aliil eleillii liglils ,lle silperiiU" .ind line\( t llecl. Their iKiMiiid phiiit ;md the be.iiitifiil ni.i- I hiner\ ther.- (df ihe Wateiidwn Ste.im I'.u- ;.;ine ('dlnp.ill)) .lie liiddels nl liii( li.ili i< .il skill. J. .\. II. ^i^ t >*» .^>^% IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V / O {•/ 'i '^.A ij fc?- &< Q- W.r :/ C/a fA 1.0 I.I iM 112 8 ll|M 12.2 lio mil 2.0 1.25 III 1.4 1.6 V^ 7 / m, V/A Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER N.Y 14580 (716) 872-4503 f .1 //// rA'i>S.S.}/i>.\ //('/ >7 .;.\7' //> /('/ .\7'/;A' r/),- THr CROSSMON HOUSE AND ITS FOUNDER. IN >iirakinL;(il' M r. ( 'il \kl i:> ('ko^>\iMN. \vlin-,c success as a li<)lcl-kcc|HT. and Ict'l an indclililc |Mirnail is shown (111 |M^c (15. nc( cssilalcs a:i nn|ir(ss ii|iiin llic I'.ay lliat will imi lie sonn c\!(1m1c.1 iHilii c (il liis lidUM', now one ol' the loruolien, and (an ne\(a l>e allomllier ellai cd. Iinest on the livei, and aMv ni n)ai;ed iiy his lie was Ikhii hi Waleilown. N. \'., .uu\ liad son, thon^h Mis. ( 'KOss\h.\, Sl^'., is vet alile to Imt few advantages in his \onlh, his ednc alion ]„. .|1„,,|, ,111,1 lo -ixe jrrneral snperv ision ol' havin- lu'iai i onlinecl to the ((innnon scliool. nun h of the inner woikint;suf the estaMisli- T nhn k;ly for him, and i-ertainK an nnin'oinis- ii,i^.„(_ iiiL; he,i;inninL; of a Inisiness lite whn li has pr, i\ en s{i successf nl, he was oiU' ol' the \ oinii^stiTs « ho weie se- duced into that " I'ati'iot " ainiv that undertook, in i.S^;, lo in- \ade Canada and ledrcss the " wroni^s " which a \r\v ("an- adian inah ontenis liad nlow- innlv depicted in "I lunter " lodges and elsewln li'. ('loiss- MiiN was one iif ihose who wi'ie " looped up "in th ■ old u ind- inill lii'low rrescoll. and who 1 onrai^eousK letu^ed to desert \'on S(h on 1 1/, their leader, u hen j'ri'sion Kin;4 came at ni;.;lil u ilh the " Paul l'r\ " and ot- ereil to I arr\' thian a wa\ lo the Anicrii an shore. He was about tuentv xcarsof auoat that lime, and on ace c lunt of his south N was tlnallv pardoned 1)\' the llriiish authoni ies, ami released ^■' alter .in anxious ami scune\\hat |irotr,ic led iinprisomnent in I'drt llenrx .it Kin;;ston, frcun whii h sever, il of these " patriots " ('iixkii's ("101 — Mci\ came to Alesandri.i were marched to a felon's dc.itli iipcut the l'>,l\- in iNpi, and none of the ener;.^elic iiicai scalTold. u ho ha\ e liei ciuh sf) piduiimait in that loc aliu I le 1 cunniem cd liolel-kee|iin|4 in an liiimMe li.is dcuie iiuu'e (,ind \ cu \ lew ,is much; to \*a\ .it the llav in 1 N-jS, succeedilij; his f.ither- lirim; into piomiiiem e thai nmsl desei viu:; .iml ind.iw in .1 small countrv t.u'ern .ui.ipted to popiil.ii" siimmei' ic sort than Mr. ('uos^\iii\, the wants f)f th;it e.iiK d.i\. I'here wci'e. Without ,in\' spec iai inlliiem c to .lid him, and howcs er, e\ en then some \i si tors to the islands without am capital s.ive his o\\n iiL;ht hand and ri\cuin puisuii ol lish and rest. Amonc; and the- clear head to l;omuii il, ,iided liv cuic' the distinguished men who made the old of the- most c .ip.ihje .md indnsi rioiis wi\'es ihe " Cnissmon " famous were William II. Sew .ird, ccumtrv has ever known, he irrew into a ureal William !,. M.irc \, .\1 irtin \'.in I'lMicn and iiis " I III c |:( ,s,\l..N |\ |s |S. (\G,/ A S(uvi:.\/R ('/■■ I III: ST. i.iwRnXt'K A'lri:^'. .,>„ luhn, Siln. Wiiulit, iM-.ink llLiir. I'lv.!,.,, 'rii.- do.-L-i-.' Iinv i. tlir inosl cmipKtc nn.l Kill-. K,V. l>r. r.rlllUnr. (•..•lUM.llDl. kT.INlnr, rXhUMVr , ,| ,my..„thr liNVr. 11U' snHH.tl,, llu- liiv, kmria^rs, ,in.i ininv nllirr, r.|ii:illv nrw pbnkin.:; iinilr. ll>c ,L;iirMs In r :i i.minc- ili-^lin-iii^liril. i'"l''- \s tin- ti.lr of plrasniv tnnrl srt in tou.n.l Al ni.^ht - Tl,r ( ■msMnon." in .Icms nnd ..ul. lluSt. I.:nv,vn.v,,n,l lis i.l,>n,l^,"ThM ■,-,,..- |,rcsrnts a srono nl l,rill,an<-v. Rnw. nt r„l- ,n,,n" wa., rnan tnnr m tin,.-, rnla,-r.l. an,l oiv,l liglils illnmiiu- tlir v, ran.las, and slunr r,n illv the liivsonl nKmnifirrnl Imtd ua-, luiill Iroin its manv towns, .lu.ldinfi a wcaltli of nnthVsiu. of it.carlir.i |.,v,l,T,.SM„-. Intl,. . nl„r u|.„n the water. The d,aw,n,^-,noms new stPM tutv eveivthin^ thai is desirable in a are filled uilh .miest. en-a-ed m so, lai |,as- lirsl^elas. iH.lel has Keen piuvided t,,|-, an.l in times, and all al.ont the |,la. e there is li^lit ilsmanaLieinentevervfauliiyi. furnished, an. 1 an.l life an.l .uaNetv. Th.' arrival ot ihe the fnlh-st .ittentinn -iv, n t., th.' wishes an.l steamers at evenin- is .clehrate.l by a display re.iuirenunt, n\ its -m.ts. Its r,,..ms .ir.' all ..f nrew..rks in fn.nl .,f the h.,t.O an.l .-n the pleasanllv silnated. allnr.bn- eharniin- views nei-hb.irin- islan.ls, makin- a pi.iur.' m.le- ,){ the nei'diborini; s. en.rv. There ai.' sidles -,. ribal)lv beaulilul. for fa.nili(-s, with ^Hval.' balh-r.M,ms an.l all In speakin.u thus .Men.l.'.llv of - The ( :r..ss- .onv.-ni.aiees, b.^shhs sinj.^ an.l .•..nnerim.^ in.,n." w hav r.'.ally been illusiratin;^ the r„..ms in eNvrv part ..f llie h.n.s.., all han.l- sne.essfnl eftorts of Mr. Cuo-mon hims.dt. s.mielv furnished. VUr ,levat,.r is in ..pera- for his hotel was his lif.-, and upon it he lav- tion .amstantlv, an.l the stairwavs are l.r.),i.l ishe.l all his energy, an.l it rewarded liis •in.l easy. There are spa. i..iis an.l .■l.-antlv lu.n.'sl faith. No trouble was too -real t.ir a fnrnishe.l drawin-i.)..m., wid.' . orri.l.n-> an.l -iiesl; ihe si.k had all the .are i.ossible it by bn.ad veran.las. and, from ihe latt.r. nne ..1 rhan..' ihev fell ill then-, an.l the r.^sull wi.s Ihe most d.'liuhlful views t., b-.toun.! in this that every -uesl be.ame a pM'sonal trien.l. entire re^don mav be ha.l. 'i'he main .linin-- In that wav •' The < ■r.Ksm.m '■ has en|..v.'.l a ro,,m is .m llu- river si.le .,f tlu' house. Its -tea.ly relurn ..f its .,ld palr.u,s year by year. ,:,bles are b.rni.he.l with . a.stlv .hina. silver In.le.M treet su. h men as i'r.si,l,.nl Arthnr, C.en. Sheri.l.an, si.l,. are ..raveK..l walks an.l .Inves, an.l a Car.linal M^CIosky, Herbert Spe... er, ( 'harles ,inu!ar piat b.r ou,.,lo.,r .ame.. with ea-v I)u,ll.-v W.irner. 11, K. Reinharl, WilK 'arleLm, l,..„,.hes pro,,., t.-.l bv a . an,.pv. Stivt, hing ami other n..tabl..s. wli.-se sp..ken an.l written ...stw.r.l from th,. h.U.l ,s CrosMnon's I'oinl. l,iais,.s have a.l.le.l greatly to the popularity with its br.Ki.l. lev.-l lawn, bor.Kr, .1 by ih,' ..f the islan.ls and this line hotel, whieh keeps do. ks ami lan.lings tor steamboats an.l skiffs. pa.;e with progress. n ? : ? I '■$ ^ I ; 1 1 :'■-. ig| HHE^I^^m^ ^^^1 ^ j^jj^ffil ^l^^^^^k ^^1 ^^^^^H l^M ^B^ M H^H bI^H aHn "^i^Si^ ^^m^ m^ HJ^H mM ^Pl^lfll wMm UK. Al)li|>'iN Wli.lil I.I OliAI.K. SOME BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. DR. ADDISON WIGHT GOODALE, l'iii:iiici;il AkliU i>I the 'riimisaiul Khiiul I'aik Asvh ialimi, X'^AS the sonof Ruggksaml lictscy Wiglu 1S55 he bej^aii to study medicine with Dr. NV Cloodale, who settled at an early day Ahell, at Antwerp, afterwards graduating at in Fowler, St. Lawrence County, N. Y., where the All)any Medical College as an M. I). the subject of our sketch was born, August 17, 'I'liis was in 1S5X, anil in that year he married 1.S31. His early education was in the com- Miss Helen Jane I'owler, daughter of Lester nion schools of that primitive period, until and Dollie I'"owler, of Antwerp, hi iSsS, he 1S51. He afterwards attended the Ciouver- began the practice of medicine in the town of neur Wesleyan Seminary for two years. In Rutland, following those older men, Drs. ;o ,/ soc i-/:.\/R ,)/•■ /■///: s/\ /.iirA'/:\r/r Avr/u. MuiiMin, Smilh and S|ic;i( ..t. lie u.is in piTU-li'T lIuTi.' when the Ki'hcllinii showed its liorrid Iniiit, and when the lolh Heavy Artil- lery was I'eermted, he jciined il as assistant siifj;ei)n. lie served with that line body of troops III, III their final niuster-oiit in July, 1865, proviiiL; liiiuself an aMe, iiuliistricjiis, and conscientious oftlcer. | l''or mii-ter-aiit rolls of the oflicers of this l,irL;e and gallant regiment, see p. 75 of Ilaildock's History of Jelferson C'oiinty.J Mis protracted absence in the army had largely depleted his practii e, and when he was mustered out he removed his I'amily to Watertown, where he remained until 1X67, and then accepted a position in the medical department of the i'luenix Mutual Lite In- surance Co., at Hartford, Conn. The Doctor became a trusted and important oflicor in that company, particularly in setlUng claims. 'I'his relation with that leading con)[)any ( on- tinued until 18S5, when he returned to Water- town. He has since been engagec' in Ijankiiig in .South Dakota, now being president of a bank there. He is a large land-owner in the West and in Jefferson county, 'i'hough edu- cated as a physician, he may a]ipro]>riatelv be classed as a farmer, Hut the only thing the writer has ever heard him allude to in any ^P'lii "I pride or emul.ition was in ( (iiine( tion with his service as a school te.u her, he ha\ ing taught eight seasons, and there are hiindrecU ol nun and women now in ai ti\e life who (an look back to Dr. (ioodale's advice and in- struction for the st.irting point in their en- deavors to live useful lives. In iS.Sj, Dr. Cood.iK' was elected one of the dire( tors of the 'riioUsand Island P. irk Association, .ind is now the treasurer and chiel linancial olticer of that important organi- /aiicni, wliicdi is s[iokeii of elsewhere in this History. The exacting duties of this po.silion, together with his own private business, now take up all his time, leaving him no leisure lor the ])ractice of his jirofession. The Doctor is a large man, nearly six feet t.ill. of pleasant face and agreeable speech — companionable and iViendly — iin iting c onli- dence by his open counteii.'.nce and pleasant ways. Springing from "the ]ilain people," he is pre-eminently democratic, easily ap- ])roached, an honored citizen, because an honorable one. He is yet in the prime of life, although he is one of those who passed through our great war after he had come fully to man's estate. His excellent wife shares his prosperity, and it is a pleasure to see them together. REV. JOHN FER \(^S\1''.DL known as a distinguished minister in >'>/ the Methodist l">piscopal church, was born in the town of Lyme, jelferson count v, X. v., January 23, 18 re;. His father was Dr. John Dayan, a distinguished physician, who came from I.owville, where he was educated and stud- ied medicine with Dr. I'erry.alsoadistingiiished surgeon in his day. Soon after obtaining his degree. Dr. John Dayan married I'ollv Henrv, of I.owville, X. v., whose father was a cap- tain in the Revolutionary army, and among the earlic'st settlers of Lewis countv. The doctor emigrated to the town of Lyme, where he commenced the ])ractice of his profession, and continued it until his death by accidental drowning in July. 1835, in his 43nd vcvir. DINAND DAYAN, The Dayan family trace their descent from a prominent .Austrian family, in which were three celebrated military gener.ils, the last of whom was that fie'd marshal who was com- mander-in-chief of all the armies under Maria Theresa, in her seven years' war against f'red- erick the (Ireat. The family was originally of Cierman origin — a town bearing the name of I )aun still existing in that country. .About a hundred years ago the name was Anieric,ini/ed by changing the spelling from Daiin to Davan. On le.iving college, the paternal grandfather of Mr. Dayan came to .\merica during the Revolutionary war. He landed in New \'ork in 17S0, and died in Aln^terdaln, N. \'.. in SUM/: /:/ih,h\U'/l/C.U. SK/:/CI/l-:s. 71 Alter till' (liMtli (if his lather, the >iilijc('l of this sketi'li uciii lu live with liis uiuic, JikIl;^ Charles Dayan, of Lowville, N. Y. There he entered the Lowville Academy. After cuiii- l)letin|; liis academic, course, he studied lau. Just previous to lii^ heiiiL^ admitted to the bar, lie became interested in the study of tlie lliljle In 1S45 he was uiuled in marriage to Miss Chirissa Julia Chase, eldest daughtei of Rev. Squire Chase, one of the earliest missionaries to darkest Africa. The writer remembers him as a man of extraordinary force and capacity. He was one of the best orLtanizers the .Methodist lu-irarchy could command at '■■■n RKV. JOHN 1 lOKDlNANn HAVAN. as a law book, which led to his conversion that time. Of stalwart frame, his presence and connection with the Methodist l^piscopal church in the Sprini,' of 1842. Under the pas- toral guidance of Rev. James I'lrwin, he uiu- ted with the lUack River Conference in 1S44, and entered upon the work of the ministry, in which he continued until 1867, when his fail- ing health necessitated his giving it up. was commanding. He possessed .1 voice of great vf)lume, and it readied to the uttermost parts of the largest church. He was rej/arded as the ablest preacher in the old Black River Conference. Rev. Mr. Dayan served the following charges : I.eRay, .\dams, Clayton, Syracuse, .1 so/T/y/A' (}/■■ ////■: ,s/: /,./;; 7//;. wa; av/'/.a-. Fairfic'lil. I.DWvilK', 'I'luTcsa, Cipr Xiiicrnl, liion, < 'anh.iyc. At 'riK-rcs.i tlir uiilcT ami his laiiiih sal iiiidci- his |iicarhiiiL;. llis iiiaiincr was pcr- suasivi.', his (luiiijii ( Lissiral, his smnoiis iiii)i-c than iiUcicslinL; — they time hcd the heart. I'hc lai_L;c>t rc\i\al ininaiilK'iL'il in 'I'hfiTsa was dmiivj; his iMstorali', ami wluai lie luft that I harj;c lie rallied uiih hmi the alleeiiniiate reiiiemlirame of every iiiemlier oi the < huK h and euns^rei^aiion. In 1866 he was made i'resiilin^L^ I'lJder of the Waiertnwn distriet, a position calling for a robust coiiMitution and endh's> indusirv. His laliors in that pcjsiiion impaired his health, and he relinquished with many regrets his cherished life-work. Mr. Dayan was in every resiject a ]iroi,Mes- sive man, and in 1.S72-;, he had -iven nun h thou-lit to the projert of oi)enin- a Christiin summer resent anions; the 'riioiisand Islands. To him, imne than to any other one man, is due, not only the imeplion of the plan, hut its reduetion to a practical basis. Not that his plan met with disfavor or that sdine ( api- talist could not be tVamd who woi;ld invest inonev enou-h to try the experiment. Ihit the details were t'lioriuous : the amount of lai t required was sniprisin-, lur loi al jeal- ousies had to be ))lac, tid, the entliu-.iasm ol the .Nfethodists aroused, and the lUiiani/ation so poised as to be disiiiK tly reliL;ious, yet not repellii^L; tliu-,e who u t re not c huK h members nor ( hun h -oers. In all these inliicate manii)- nlatioiis .Mr. 1 ),iyan slun\ed himsc'ir an adejit — manilesliiiH- a business (ajiaciiy that sur- prised his friends. His pl.ms found ample fruition, and the ■riionsand Island Park stands to-day hi> ablest advoc.ite. For si.\ years Mr. Dayan was the nian.iger of that Associa- tion, and, iij) to the time iie resig led from its board of coiUr '■ it ow.d to his /orethouj^lit, JierseveraiK e and /eai all that it was. Thciii eforward his lite !i;;., inerged. L;radii- ally into the " sere and yellow leaf." With health mm h impairetl he waits patiently for thai passing hence which will reveal to him the bles.^ednessof those who, through evil and i;ood report, in hours of deeiiest despondeiicv, e\en when tormented by doubts and uncer- tainties, have yet steadily stood for Christ and his glorious cause ; ami who, having been faithful over a t"ew things, shall surely be <-alled to the command of higher thin;;s. ,ind even reign with Him whose faitliful servant he has been for nearly si.xty years. j, .a. 11. f\ THE MEN I HAVE MET U n\' riiii,-. c. ,\i,vi)kii, i:\-i I'l\l!',,\l) has suggested that I could write a very interesting human hi>iory ol the river's rapid growth as a spcuisman's paradise, a health-be. iring, exliil.iraiing, joy- insjiiring refuge for tired and invalid human- ity. It will be rea.dily conceded that in the performance of my task 1 must omit mention of m.iny — lor the many I have met are legion in number. And again, looking back over a '■ period III more than forty years, I must un- avoidably fail to recall many, the mention of whose naiiKN would be of great interest. In order to do justice to my own city and to scores of other cities and towns, I would need but strike a few names from their annual PON THE GREAT RIVER. IIU I.-(;iiV. Ill' M.W \IIKK. directories, and then ap])end the corrected lists to this article, to enumerate " The Men I Have Met upon the (ire.it River." Hut to accomplish the undertaking in some accept- able way and within ivasonrble limits, I must cease apology and explanations, ami proceed with my jirojected work, or I shall never linisli it. I have already, in another chapter in this Souvenir, had something to say of mv first experience on the noble river, and I beg a"ain to introduce to your notice the R!;v. Dk. lii-.rnuM-., the original (ly-caster of the St. Lawrence. Need I say that his i)rofound learning, hi-, acknowledged i)reeminence as a //// \//\ I //./// Ml. I I rr\ rill. i,ia..ii kiii.k. "3 |iUl|iit iil.iloi, ,111(1 willl.ll 111-, kllldU, ii|ii.ll- lirarlcd, C'lii i^li.iu lii'iiLMiKiK (• w ill rc'iiiiiii ,i [ilea-., ml iciiirmliraiK (■ m) lonn .i^ llic w.ili'is of his liclov c(l ii\L'r lldw frdin llic lakes to the ^ra. 'I'lic 1)1 llu\^, lallur .\\\k\ >(i!1s, ulm i;avr u^ tlu' silken liiu' and ilir ijiili-.licd idtalinn s|)i)on, will la' icinrniliL'icd a^ n'ivini,' .w inU( li of niiisic and liannony to tlu'ir lirl(j\cd pas- lime as iliil tluir iinci|iialc(i (nlK'(iion of dnnn and life, rvinbal and hiuihoy, liddlc and llnic lo llicii niusic-lovinj; nciL;lilior> in "tlu' jn.'nl U[i city," where their nienioiy i^ ever j^reen. Is it necessary to make ,mL;ht of expKmatinn in hrinninj^ Si.rii (li;ri;.\ to )'onr notii e ? Not learned in schools, but an untiring, bright student of nature, lie" read as from an open book all the secrets of the finny tribe, o\er whom, by the consent of fishes and men, he was the sole and undis[>uled ruler. I'lducatid in the s< hool of N'.itiiie, he was Nature's nobleman, with a heart beating kindly toward all things animate. Another iioteil individual is mixed in with my earliest recollections of the river. It is true I had never met him there, for he liatl visited the liay for the first and only time the \ear before my first .irrivai, but ever)- time (and that was often) I tried the then super-excellent fishinn-i^round near tiie foot of Crenadier, I was very empliaticallv told where he had lunched when fishing,', and he hatl lunchetl there so often that the natives, t.akin^ adv.in- tat^e of the fact that the much-lunched island lacked a name, solemnly decreed that from that lime and foreser thereafter it should he known as ''X'.w I'iUki.:\'s Island." It may be that the man is fori;otten, but I believe that it is a matter of history thai he was in the cloudy and di.-,lant past once President of the I'niled Slates; but, not lieinir reelected, he went — fishing. But once 1 did come near to fishiiii; in his company. Having given U]) his "job" at Washington and retired to the I.indenwokl shailes of sleepy Kinderhook he, after "cradeling his buckwheat," would liie to the lovely Hudson, a short two miles away, to fish. I happened one day to be the guest of a gentleman who lived on the bav whcle "MalU" u.i-. Uoiit In ri-.li; ,ind on that i\.\\, he .il one end .iiid I .il llie other of lli>' bay both " .Mally ,tiid niy^cll --bobbed lor while perch; each, 1 ,im liappv to say, willi great -.access. In the later (la\s of mv periodi( ,il -.ojoiiin uitli old man I'rossman, there (ante thither two ol our (duntry's mo^t distingui-.hed men oil their u.iy lo the haunts of the princely salmon (jf the Sauguenay, pausing here for a lew (lavs lo tempt the springy, cunning, sport- ( re.iting ]la^h of llie .St. I.awreiue. 'I'heirs wa-i a frieiuUhip at tliat time (homewhat clouded in later years) like that of Uamon and I'ythi.iri. I'tterly unlike in temperament, manners and action, they were both, I sin- cerely believe, a unit in their unselfish, power- lid devotion to the best intere^ts of their coun- try in her hour of sorest trial and direst need. If in Ri)-. Ill C'iixkm.m;, th.it stubborn, self- will, unconli'ollable temper, never-dvingeiiniity to all wh(j (hired oppose his will, had been tempered and .-.oflened by the suave, ( oiirtly and conciliatory manners and tact of Cm >i i:k .A. .'MMiirk — in fine, if the better ipi.ilities of each had been used to neutiali/e the failings of both, it would have added increased weight to their great deeds patriotically done to save the N.ition's life. Ifumanitv is fr.iil, never perfect; but in the world's pictureof great men the he, ids of Conkm.nc and .\uriiUK will l(jom up as did that of Saul among the prophets. In the last year of my annually recurring stay at Alexandria I'ay I met and fraternized with Wni.iAM J. SKiNMi-;, Cii-.N. Hkmamin V. ]>ki;cK and I-'kankiin .\. Ai.iikkckr, the three Canal ("(immissioners of the State, and in their company Na rii.\N-ifc;i S. Uixiox, then and for twelve years Auditor of the Canal Department, who had also during his long and busy life well and worthily discharged the duties of Surrogate, State .Senator, United States .Xttorney for ten years. County Judge and Secretary of State. While they were ostensibly fishing, they were really weighing and measuring the probabilities of the success of an attemiit of the mighty river to detlect to its own channel on its way to the ocean, the rapidly growing tonnage of the boundless ■4 ,/ S'>/ r/:.\7/y <>/■• /■///■ sr. r.n\-Rr\r/: av/va'. W'c^i, aiiil t(i ^^UmI iI ,iu,i\ liDiii niir (,iii,i|^-- lliciic ni,iL;iurK lilt .11 li I'll i.il w .iliiw .i\ ■.. .ilikc till' ,L;li)ry (il the Slalc .ind tin- \v(j:i(Ii r ui ihc \V(ii Id, tluii mil in ilun utlii i.il i aw Ski n m k |iiiiliuML'd ill. It aliovf wlicir llu- (iii.il ki\rr look its iiriiii.il li'.iji ill its lucillis^ lliulit uVr 11)1 ls\' li.iniii' aiiil lliKni^li iiiiuiiit.iin L;iii'L;r in ils 111.1(1 ll,l-.tL' li> incL'l tlu' -,i.,l, til -^Ui'lAc the IllinllU lliiu lit Its L^rral Imil)' nl U.llrl- tn tin.' \.illc\ III til, It iilliiT (iiT.il Ri\ii till' ini ■mi- ll. iiMlilr lliiiUnii ; I'lil r.i.'i I I .iiiil .\i lauui K, \\i|ll tlir ]iiilrllt .III] 111 r.l\|M\, iiilKd the IllinlltV rliill(l-]iii.Trin^ ]ir.lk.>nl tin; \iliiijii- d.ii ks ill his p.ithw.iv, .mil s.idK' ,iiid uliu- t.intly .Ski\m:k .iliandoiicd the .ittcniiit. Tlu'V rinailv di'ii.uti.'d with the s.itist\ iiv^ ln-hrf iliit X.ilurc had iciii'd in-iii niiumt.iMr li.ii lii rs tn till' .irciiliiplishlilciit III' thr lixri's dir.iiii iit' \ii till y. ('hainii's liii.il lia-i lulit,' siiu r In liid thciii .ill an'oss till' d.iik ^tic.iin, all tmi mhhi tor ihctn to knmv that inni dI ilu-ii own lilmid imll down inoiint.iins and till up st-a^ with n.itiirc's ton is lanu'd to iluir liiililiiiL;. .Alic.idv that m'owiiiL; I il\ --tanilinL; al the hr.id ot' tlu' ^rcitrsl liiidy ot inl.iiiil w.itns known to thr uoiid, dcni. mils and uill li,i\c an iiniiiukni w.itnu.iy to tin; r.irth-i'iirinlinn orc.ins. I' Kill ri IK Knu I I', with lull nin;^ Lloi|llrlU r, in- triition.illy sail .istii , liiit 1 1 niv prophnii , li.i> niuK- fiiduriiii; f.niii' for liulnlli, its own i;riMt opportunities, rouplcil with il> ck-tniiiiiK'd push and tiinijy, conipliincnt -- a\ a;, .ucnitn- .Uc his nninii iitionid pndic" i m. Our liloml cousins and I'linulK ii\a' , over the border, unstintedly aided t'nun the overllowin;.; ( olTers ot" the _L;r.ind old Mother across the sea, are aire, lily deepini; .uid wideniiiL; the i haiiiul and lurliin^ the rush of the ini^litv ri\er, huildiiiL; with its own stor.e and lillin;< with its own water the i,'iL;anlii slejis o\ enoinin^ the elevation from the .\ll.intie to the ( Ire. it Lakes, and soon shall we \iew lloaliiv^ easilv past our shores the mmiinonth frei^lit-lie.uiiiL; ships of the world, l.iden with t.irgoes at the elevator- dorks of l)uliith, .\ooo miles inland from the western --liore of the .Vtlaiitic, to he ilischarged unbroken at the dist.mt ])orts of Ivirope, an- other ,^,ooo miles away from where inl.ind How and occ.iii tide meet to Lrreel its eominu. In lump. my with the ( !iiiimiissioneis, .md often there, liter, we |ii\fully vulcoiiied the pie, Is. ml 1 oinp.iliiuii, skilled .nielli .ind .iccoiii- pli^hed I leik of .Ml. .Skinm.;!', Mi. Hnrkiss, III Little i'..IU, orci^iiiii.ilK .111 oinp.mii'd by his worthy biotheis m unity, iliKi ii .ind I, \- lui, w hii^e 11, lines and niei ileil lame in those uldiii d.i\s M oriied to be bouiul |i\ the n.ir- liiw \,llli\ ot' the bloiiiK Mnh.iwk. \\'kIi.II|-, ihe stnlV II Her I il (Il 111 A ,1. the |eHelsiin rolinlv wit. ,mil W\l i:\lll, tile terrible joker ot I hiciil I, both L;r.od men ,iiid true, sometime l>i\i--iiiii ( 'iiimii,inilei s on the Liie, li.i\e' been met siiuiiiliiin the depili .iiiil measuiiiiL; the breadth of its gi,mt liv.il, the .St. L,iwreiiie. In i.S()6 1 (■han.;ed my li.i-,e, fur. it thi-^tinie llie h, ibil.it of the desii.ible ^.mie-lish seemed to li,i\e Miiived up slie,im, so lh.it the bins of llle llur:^ had tn pull ,ii;,linsl the i uiient ol \\ellr--ly Ukillil 111 ludrr to sill 1 essflllly I oni- pile with tliir ('l,i\lun liwiU; .it ('l.ivlon there Were then Iwn iint.ible ( ,ir,iv,iiisiries, the llubb.ird and the W'.illoii, .ind willmul preliiedit.ilion I dmppid iiiln the llubb.ird, \\hiie lor eliseii vi.ii^ I w,i-,a summer lixtiire. I'l null me lo say lure tli.il both houses had unoil and well-ileser\ 111 repiit.il ions, eiih, lined b\' the f.ii I ill It the i;iiii.il lin^ts were friends nut n\ iN, and in il-^ lie->l sen--e liiinil-,of the ,l;iu>Ii III biitli; .1 l.iMir (nfleii nt'l'ired ) .isked b\ the mii-~I ot'iille al llie ll.lllds iil' t!ie other, W.I, iiie'l and L;r,inleil pimnptly and eordi.illy. 1 but Villi e the siiueieU' deep regret of their .limy III liiniiK .it their un;imel\- Liking off, .md lie^pe.ik Inr their br,i\e w ii low s the kindly .iiid bounteous siip|inii nf all iho^e wlm knew and e^leemed tlui r departed husbands. Mrs. b Ills -I IN is \ el .iitixely eni;,iL;eil in the < .ire of ihe W'.illiiii, till- L;r. mil prnperlv left her b\ her husb.ind ; and one who ha^ seen her and re- i.ilL the f,ii 1 til, It shi' w,is ,1 neii e of ( 'leiier.il Will i\M II. Am.i I, the liioadea m.in Clay- ion e\er knew, '\il! ii:it fail In gladly loiiie wiihin the charmed i in le of her kindly < .ire .md elei^ant ])erKiinality. .\binil this period bcLian the idea of i^land ownership .mil siimnier cottai^e; amon^i; the lii->t lo adventure wasa broker from New York, !•', I i.K.M .\. Rmu.NsiiN, who expended money i I ,-j lljll •15 •54 rill-: .Mi:\ i ii.wi: Mi:r rrox riii: i:ieet uiih smiles of welcome and with hearty handshake. Some of lliLin haw been called, and have not been found wanting in the faithful M\i\ W(nthy tlischarge of other public duties. It would seem proper in this < onni-ction to mention others of my fclhjw-legislators who renewed and strengthened the friendship be- gun at .Mbany by kindly greeting .md min- gled pleasures on thejuMceful islands of the St, Lawrence: V\\ IIorx, \'.\n Vai.kkndurcii and Low followed down, from Niagara's col- losal leap, her angry waters, until, peaceful and quiet, they gently laved the shores of the many island-gems of the (Ireat River; Uukns and Duciuii), of Onondaga, the " rwo Cil \ki.ii'.-," I'.AKF.k, of Monroe, and t'iin:K- kkim;, of Lewis; \V.\kM:i< Mii.i.r.k, of Her- kimer; (^I^^.|||)^, of (Cattaraugus; .\. .\. I'AkKKk, of St. Lawrence; A. I!. I Ikiuu'rn, of the same county; .Mookks, of Clinton, and l\i.K\, of .Madison. All these may well be proud of their public records. They have eacdi enjosed with mv innocent s|iort in the bdmy air of the River of Rivers. .\ [irominenl figure on the river for ciany years was TnKonoRi'. S. Ivwion. I first knew him in my boyhood-days, as (jne of that coterie of br,iin\- men — I'AkkKk, l!(;rTKR- Fii'1,1), (jin.iis and L.\\ri)\ — controlling in the office or iVom the dri\'er's box those won- derful lines of post-coaches which radiateil from Uti .1, reaching Last, West, N'orth and South, the uttermost parts of our noble State, just then emerging from a state of nature into an active, tliri\ing, energetic Commonwealth of I ivili/.ition and progress. ■riii:(iiii irk S. I'an IDS' was a prominent fac tor in this march ot progress, kee'ping ]iai e with the onward stt'p ; tromthe position of an himdile stage- drix'er. he reac bed ihe higher rounds of life's ladder, dying universally honored and deeply mourned. In m. irked ccmtrasi, there was another well- known I'tican. .1 friipient and ever-welcome visitor; few in the Slate are ignorant of the name aiul fame of .\.mmi I). Baruour. Lor many years, as soon as the halls of legislation were opened to the annual inrush of the peo- ple's servants, ILvrihu'r, seeking no certificate trom an avowed constituency, followed in their w.xkc ,ind quietly, from choice, took his stand "outside but close U|i to the bulwarks" — a cool, level-headed mind-reader, wiih a iiersuasively eloquent tongue and a well-lined pocket, he forced upon the ignorant or lucre- loving reiiresentative the course which, not perhaps leading to glory, would certainlv be to the "material" profit of the legislator; active and efficient in the ranks, he was earlv made his chief of staff by General V veed, and finally became the undisputed King of the Lobby. .Apart from his discreditable calling, ItARiiouR was a man entertaining and inter- esting ; he was the best posted of all others I 78 /; s<>or/:.\/A' of ////■: si\ j.,ii\'K/:.\ct-: Ri\/:h\ on the poriical liistory of jiarlies as well as the inner character of [joliticians, and he had the rare faculty of an easy and pleasant re- cital. Above all else, in ])rivate life he was respected and esteemed by his nei_i;hbors as upright, honest and ((MTCct in his family and social relaiions and business dealini^s. lie was wn enthusiastic angler, but ne\er wooed the Ihiny peo])le e\ce])t his wonhy wife and favorite grandson eniianced his enjoyment by their presence and partici|)ation. 1 have met, with great jileasure and intel- lectual [)rofil, Judges of every grade, who, hailing their vacation witli liie hilarity and abandon of the si hool boy, jiave hastened to doff the ermine, and ijonning the well-worn liabiliinents of secular davs, concealing the dignified brow benealli the broad-brimmed palm-leaf, hive sought the balniv air and cool waters of the (Ireat River to recuperate their jaded minds and weary bodies. l'"irst, in strict com]iliance with legal rule, and in due order of judicial i)recedenls, we welco-ne, marching forward, hand clasped in hand, those two insep,irai;le disciples of Walton, Chief Judges Anmukws and Ri'i;Kk, whose names are written on a more enduring scroll than this lleeting note. I refrain from marring, by any attempt of mine, to laud their fame. We have met the pleasant countenances of Cai.vin Iv I'kAir and his able .and eccentric namesake, Danikl. They ea.h worthily rep- resent the honor, dignity and learning of the Supreme Court, but they are boys again as they dart in and out, around and about, tiie rock-bound and grass-covered islands of the Great River. 1 must not forget that there resides in the Summer days, in his tasteful cottage erected on consecrated ground — he would select no other — my fellow townsman and friend, Cii-.DKGK. N. Kr.WF.nv. He needs no eulogy at my hands, for he is jjroving for himself, by his untiring industry and a Mason and I'AkiioN C, Williams, Ii was here that I'l/rKR I!. McLinnan acipiired that calm mind and sound judgment marking his course on the bench to-day. -As Count V Judge .and a colleague in the Constitutional Convention of '67-S, .Member of Congress, Secretary of State anil State Senator, the mere recital of his ot'licial honors stamp Ho\ii:k \. Nelson, of Dutchess, as an able and trusted ]ud)lic man, and I can testify that he was a keen ,ind succe>'^ful .uigler, and, bv natural sei[uence, a ])olished gentleman. JkioimI'-, I'liian, of Monroe, was another fellow member in the Convention ol '07-8, and the recital of his ofticial positions, all filled al)l\ and well, are sufticieiit testimony of his acknowledged worth and chara(aer. lie has filled the additional positions of ( 'onnty Jutlge of .Monroe, Territorial Judge of .Min- nesota, Member of Assembly and Stale Sena- tor, as well as that of successful angler on the bonny St. Lawrence. The legal learning, sound judgment and righteous administration of justice which marked the judicial lives ot Judges Van N'ousf, of New \'. irk, and Smiiii, of Cortland, were ne\er lessened by their keen appreciation and enji>yment of the un- eipialed attrai tion of our summer paradise. Last, but not least, comes the beaming face of that true hearted and broad minded son of Madison, once its honored J'ldge, CiIAS. I,. Kl-.NNKHV. I had firmly resolved earh in my life on the river that whenever the opportunity of- fered to suit my taste and not wholly empty my pocket, I would " Ik- riionarcli of all I smvcyiMl, Willi none my rifilil to iiin and amendment. The liaiiulilv liii\>iif ih.a l)nd\- (illrred and adiipte'd snni.lin ii.( iimpre- hi'llsihle .nid me(in>isirnl amendnnaUs, tli.it soon the luine-t did man did imt know " where he was , It." IJr appe.iled In me — 111 wiidin he had sdiiuIidu heen allr.K led — In snUe the dift'icaltx ; 1 nndertmik the ta-k. and smin the ehairman .innnnneed. ihit "uli.ii w,i>lefi(if the lull WM-, ordered in he en-rnssed Inr a third ,ind I'ln il reatlin- ; " vulh hiil-iiiL; e\es and haled lirealh, I 'nele D \\ in a-ked " wh.it was letL.- ' lie w.is lil indl\- iiilniined, th.n the title u.is intact, luit ih.il llie st,l\e^, Imnp-, ,ind heai;-. of the liariel were missiii:,^ lie was al lir,-.t --oiiiew li.il ini lined in likuiie nie fnr the I .ilas'rnphy, hut he w.is pei^ii uhd tn \ i^it ine in m\ summer Imnie, where the l.elhe.in elt'ei t (if the " pelllK id " w.iter-, and the ele( iric slH)(d< tr.insmitted tn hi-, Imdv hv the strike of the h.iss tiirnn-h thi' line allai lied tn hi-, suh- inerged hunk, cureil limi nf all siispic inn. .md lie liecaine, and -,lill i-,, niie nf niv uanncNl friends; hm I ha\e ncc i-,innallv heard him, when (ivercnme with -,leep. after a lic.iw him h nil a -rass-c (ixered island, mutter " \\\ ne\i Apple llarrel Hill shall h.ive the hnnps nailed nn, and the heads nailed in, ,iiiJ / :,'ill all-iiJ to il lll\-,lf." On the river fnr manv years the tnost m irked man tn he met was a. Mr. Si i n i k, li'nm \ewliiir-h. 1 le was evident 1\ a uell edu- cated persnn. ami as a cnnversatinnalist. enter- lainin- and instructive. Thnugh tnlally blind he went evervuhcre witlmut a ,L;iiide, with a firm and assured step. He would w.ilk from the hotel to the hmdin-. and enter his boat without aid, ,md he seldom returned at niuht- fall with a smaller catch of the finny tribe than a full ,ivera-e (if the return captures of the d.i\ . Report said that in his business .is (iesi-ner ,ind m.iniif.icturer of artistic and decor.ited furniture, he ii.id but i^w eipialsand no sujieriors. 1 must not omit the military arm of the N'aiion. My re^^ister records their jiresence siii-ly and in scpiads, veter.m corjis, and \\<^\- nients, Keiitiirky colonels and " high jirivates," with wavini; banners ,111(1 marli.il music. They were peacefully inclined, however; the bivouac and battle-lield were memories. They march erect and steii iirniidlv to the beat of the drum, s.ive when temptin.L; fo-'igc^ was uncovered; then •• double (piiek '" .. d rapid rush broke down all lines, ;md (lis( ipline was ignored, hroni the many (few can be named "I'.k ile l'rin(eps"). stands fnrili the g.ill.int SiO( im, Nnl on the battle held, but when white-rnbed pea( e smiled nil the belnved cniintry he fnnght to save, he laid him down to die. History will kee;ie\er green the -„icred memory of thi-- patriot soldier. Make w.iy fnr the heroic Snipki^ leading to the peaceliil banks and enticing islands of the (■real Ri\er the lew reiiiaiiiin- veterans of that iiobh' regiment, whi( h— when three of its g.dl.iiit number h.id f.illen wiih the Hag tliev died to s.ive, raising that starry emblem from the dying hands n\ its last deft nder. bearing It prniidly forw.ird— he rallied to \ietorv; the sods (il the vallev now |irt-ss upon liis breath- less form, but in th.' memoi\ of the multitude who but knew him to love him, the iiatriotic deed-, of (leneral (ii sT.wi s Smi'kk will en- dure forever. The name of Ceneral l).\vii-:s stands liiuh on ihe roll of f.inie among the noted cavalry leaders in the late Civil W.ir, his ( larion voice and Hashing sabre gave vie tory to his g: Mant troopers in man\ a well fought fray; he is the same general on the waters of the (Irct river; lool, determined, untiring, he strike, for ihe roval miiskaloiige, and the trophies tiiat adorn his wigwam are large in si/e and great in niiuiber. rile erect and noble form of the " Hero of 9 I I 2 •I I /■///•; .!//■. A- / //.111- mi:t rroix riir. r,Ri:.\r ri\-i:r. S3 % •^ I'lirt I'lsluT " looms aljovL' ilic wa\'cs of Ills native river; (Iciieral in war, he is now guar- dian in peaceful days, of that ark ot ;-:;ifety, (he tJonsiitution of our fathers, he so bravely helpeil o rescue from destruction, and stands as St. Lawrence's sentinel on the ram))arts of ihe Nation's capitol. 'riiough an eye was I'heerfidiv lost amid the scenes of battle, he still, will) one, single to his duty, lights bravely to protect and per[)etuate for his country the rights so nobly defended on many a bloody field. .Ml honor and praise to Oeneral Nkw- niN .Mari'in CuKri>. There is a "Wviiic'" man, whose counte- nance isafamilar one on the long reaches and dee]) bays. Do not be deceived by surmising that the " I). D." which the name carries with it stands for " Doctor of Divinity." He is too wily and a little too wicked for that ; but he was a good soldier and loy... man when the nation needeil good siiidiers and loyal men tcj compel .md ]ierpetuate an unbroken Union, and he is well entitled to be called " tleneral." 'I'he only bad mark on his character ever dis- lovered was his attempt to carry off, on a wager, a basket of cham|)agne, as the rewartl of the superiority of his catch (with his own unaided rod and reel), in the number of law- fully sized bass by one day's fishing, over that of an antagonist (bound by the same require- ments). He ai)parently won the match by a very narrow margin, and announced the vic- tory to his shouting comrades with wilder >hc)Uts than theirs. Hut a few hours of sober relk'ction brought swift repentance, anil on bended knee he luimbly ('onfessed that a brother conspirator from one boat and a venal guide from another, with no regard for law- ful weight, had tumbled into his craft the l.irger number of his reputed victims, and he tearfully, but manfully, rolled into the cottage- door of his competitor, the coveted prize. He has been forgiven, and hopes are strong that by continued repentance of past deeds of wickedness and firm resolve of an honest fu- ture he may yet be allowed to write " I). D." IS well in rear as in front of his patronymic, and thus wipe out forever any sinister mean- ing to the honored name of " Wylie." Seventeen year^ \\.w^ passed .iway since W'll.l.lAM 11. \' \NI)i:ki;ll,l .iiul the lamented Wi'.i'i.s IKK U'\(,.\i- K c, line here to spy out tin- land. IJotli iiave passed to the " beyond." but their keen business eyes — we have reason to know — took ill all the beauties and possi- bilities of the grand pamorama spread before their \ision, and the fruits of that visit are clearly noticeable in the increased comfort and ease of access hither from all parts of the Union, and under the wise and able manage- ment of their successors this will not be abated, but improved and amplified. Xot clothed in trappings of war but in the habiliments of jieace, we look on the face and admire the soldierly bearing of one of the elite of that crack regiment. New York's only Jill, C'liKis Woi.i', an island-dweller and ever a Welcome comrade. The ipiiet, unobtrusive Hk Ks, with pleasant wife and tlaiiglUer, not only guards, but makes, with cow and chicken, homelike aiul enviable, the upper gate of our archi[ielago. Scarcely fifty years ago 1,500 of the Thou- sand Islands of this great ri\er lay ii|)on iis glassy waters in the garb of Nature's clothing, save where, on the hirger ones, blackened slumps marked the incipient effort of the husbandman or the ruthless swath of the wood-devouring steamer, then first invading the peaceful waters. To-day, in tpiiet bower and shatly nook, on bold promontory or wide- spread lawn, in single sites and in varving groups, from lower drenadier to upi)er Wolf, reaching as an outlying sentinel beyond the line where lake and river join, tiny cottage and palatial mansion mark an almost continu- ous city of grandeur and beauty — the im- posing Crossmon at one extremity, and the towering Frontenac midway to the deej) On- tario, inclose many other gorgeous resting places as homes for the Hitting sojourner. As the swift-darting inhabitants below the water's surface, so on its bosom in almost equal num- bers shoot hither and thither the ever-restless steamers — many at stated intervals on regular duty bound, many with banners flying and gladsome music, laden with the ])eople from deserted town and vilhme breathing the i 84 // sociKxiR OF riih: sv: r..iwRi:\ci-: ri\-i:r. balmy air and drinking in the gorgeons beau- tics of tlic (Ircat Rivcr, as with twinkling feet and ghid shunt ihey greet its glories. Tiie trim-built, lavishly-furnished, flag-enveloped, swift-running yachts, alive with their crews of sumniL-r residents, add to t.'u; wild carnival of jjleasiire and ha|)|)iness, and human siiout, shrill whistle, sharp-clanging bell and barbaric music drive the rightful owners of the waters, frightened and ahirnud, to the lowest de|iths and lUirkest caves of their watery kingdom. Now many of these many men (and lovely women, too, (iod !)less theml)"l have met upon the Great River." Time and space alike forbid a mere recital of their names; I must, therefore, be content with a brief notice of a few others who have been foremost, and who have not yet ceased their loving labors in adding to Nature's wonderful work on this unecjualed river. The widely-known and sincerely lamented scholar and scribe, the late Dk. Hoi, land, is with us no longer; but his warm love for his "Bonny Castle" has descended to his surviv- ing family, who still enjoy, and each returning season make more beautiful, the delightful s[)ot he loved so well. The HavdI'-.ns, Pii.i.m an, the large-hearted Brownino, the coal king of the I.ehigh valley, the denizens of Westminster Park, and many others, still intent upon gilding the refined gold of their incomiiarable Day, all bear faces I have met upon the beautiful River. I have met many of the men who summer in assured safety and i)eaceful comfort under the Chris- tian banner of the itinerant Methodists; among them my home neighbors, none of whom need go from their Central City to find witnesses to their worthy and Christian character. (Judge Kf.nnkdv I have already named) Wei;ks, Huldkn, Penn, Lef., Spkague, and scores of others, are men I am jiroud to say " I have met upon the Groat River." I even own u[) that I knew Sam Grinnf.i.i-, when he pastured his cow on his island, now studded with many beautiful cottages, and joyously welcomed the thirsty dwellers on Prohibition-i.ooo-Island-Park to his choice dispensary of contraband whisky. Round Island is peopled with many worthy f)f notable mention. Across its head, fating the on-coming waters, stand four dwellings • I'irst, the modest villa of Dk. W'iiedf.n, the l)ion(vr of the island-dwellers, followed by Messrs. IIavks, Va\ Wacdni.n, and Jamks |. l>K,i,i)K.\, ex-mayor and congressman, who, applying well-earned wealth with sound judg- ment and artistic taste to their work of pleas- ure, have erected houses of comfort and d''- light, the very •'\ib()(liment of the poet and the painter's dream of loveliness. Another chief of the Central City, \Vm. H. K.ikk, has applied a portion of his wealth to the adorn- ment of this beautiful island, and these have found willing ((jmrades to aid in making this cosy hamlet a beauty spot on the Great River. As I pen these lines so many faces cr(jwd ujion r.iy reviving meuKjry, that my task must be abrujUly closed or it will become endless. A few m(jreof the multitude of those who de- serve recognition and I have done. No one who freipieiits the river can fail to know that always hilarious crowd, hailing from Albany, headed by Ji\i Srouv, Joii.n H. (^iMNiiv, and CiiARi.iK Gav. At home, staid, steady, model business men. On the ri\er — never offensive — but fidl to the brim, of fun and frolic, good anglers and genial companions. There comes periodically to the river a cpiiet, unobtrusive but worthy and interesting gentle- man. It is said that "Good wine needs no Bush," but a troll on the water and a Uuk h on the shore are made more enjovable and satisfying whenever Mk. "Bush," of Buffalo counts as one of the party. We entreat l.ic.us Mosf.s to bring back to the ri\er himself with his delightfid family; we yearn to hear once more the swish of his wonderfid cast, as the fly tem])ts the bass to strike " twenty yards away."' In writing the name of Mr. Brownini;, of New York, there came back to me the re- membrance of his brother-in-law, Mr. Scoit, who is an annual visitor, seldom failing a yearly return. .Vlthough a city man, he is old fashioned in dress and manners, though never other than a gentleman. Though easily a|)proachable, he is naturally taciturn; an un- .1 THE ME.\ I HAVF. MF.T VPOX THE GREAT RIVE,:. 85 tiiiiij; Mnglcr, wind and wave never staying liiin. C)ne day near tlie head of Hemlock, he was at anciior still-fishing for bass; a good si/,e(l perch was hooked, and he rapidly drew him iij), and was renderetl almost helpless by the onrush of a tiiirty-poiind muskalonge, striking for his dangling i)erch. The big fellow landed with the perch, in the boat, and with the aid of the guide was killed. .After a few moments delay, S. , recovered sufficiently to ejaculate "Gkkai' Siori," the only words (the guide avers) that he uttered until he reached the dock at Clayton, three miles away. Clustered on and around the hoary head of old Cirindstone, the .Morc.ans and the I.ov- KLi.s, of New York, have brought refinement and artistic skill to adorn their summer homes, and in themselves have added acknowledged worth to the goodly society of our Summer City. It would be very wrong and unjust if the men and women who dwell in inclement win- ter as well as in gentle summer on the banks of this world-famed stream were not recorded among the throng of thosj " I have met upon the dreat Kiver." In all ranks and condi- tions among them, they are the hosts and helpers of their welcome summer visitors; kind, considerate, helpful, neviT exacting or mercenary, they are always ready and oblig- ing. 'I'heir character and conduct are in marked contrast with the rei)orted greed, venality and robbery at other noted places of sunmier resort. I am glad to jiroclaim that I have met and have learned to respect and honor these constant dwellers in the valley of the (Ireat River. If life and health are spared, I tri st to meet many old and to greet many new faces in the coming years, enjoying renovated health and needed relaxation from the ills and cares of busy life amid the scenes of grandeur and beauty nowhere so sure to be found as " Upon the Great River." Thomas C. Ai.vord. Syracuse, March, 1895. We think no man or woman can rise up after reading (iovernor .Ai.vord's unitfue and entirely una[)i)roachal)le remarks upon the people he has met, without a better feeling towards all mankind, and a most grateful sense of appreciation of this honored man, whose green old age has met with no blight, and whose frosted head bears no possible in- dication of any frost of heart. With thousands who love him and revere his matchless ability, we reecho his own wish that he may yet be spared for many years to visit the Great River. W0 A BONAPARTE IN NORTHERN NEW YORK. [Tin f.ill.nvinL' rxrcllciii :irlirlc U from ihc prri ..f M.ij.M |, II. |lri;il \\l, of fa|M' Vinrrnt. N. V lis insciioi, in |l„s vnl.rnr ,.. c.ns, U,,',! |.h,|„r ,,n,| inMiMrnv l„v.„>^r n,.,M of ,hr |ko|,Ic n.iu,<^d wcc ionu •'^" "••^''l''"'- "' ''■'I"' VllH. ,11. ,, tMW„ O' „K,„y MKIIMlirS uhM I, SCMlJs .,| VM hr,„l ol lIlOSU isUlluls UT .„.• anrM,,,lin, lo ,!,■.,■, ilir ,„, 1 , , ..vr ih.i, his,,,,,.-., :,-. utII ,,s „, ,„,,|;,. I„irf „„•„,, on of ihoM. superior Mirn ul,o insi sottlcl o„ .,m,1 ,„•,„ iIumk aiM we're ccr,,,inlv ihrfusi i,, mmuhI iIth prais,- :mhI intiu.lMrc llu'iii lo till' atloiilioil iind kllovvlcduu of ihr Ann i icail people, I ^ III', advcnl of Joseph UoiKiparlo, or C.'oiiiit • (Ir SiMvillirr^ (.1-, liciloircd lo he known), inlo NorilnTu New \'ork and upon the Si. I,.iu rem e, i-- scaic el\ e\pLiinal)le wilhoiil some rderenie li\' way of inlrochntion to Connt J \\\)i'^ Don alien l.e kayile (.'h.uimoiit. w ho wa-. lie -.on of I'ount 1 )onatien l.e K:i\', the intiniale liiend of I'rankhn ,nid .\il,inis, and .Morris, and a devoteil adherent to the hntunes of the L'nited States, who in a lime of the utmost need imperiled his ,L;reat fortune b\ eomini; to niir assistance, lie it w.is who sent .i ship- load of ]iowder lo iSoston; who furnished I hilhinn for l.a hayette's ,irm\-. .< ,d I'liied c ut tliree \essels of war lo join ihe iKet under Commodore Jean i'.ud Jones. l're\ ious to the ele\ation of Joseph iloaa- l)arle lo the thrones, lirsl of N'.iph's and liun of Spain, he and young l.e Ray were students at tlic cclehrati'd scdiool of JuiUv, ne.ir Paris; here their acipiaintanee ripened inlo ,in inti- niaey whiidi, although inteiriipted hv suec eed- ing events, did not whollv e. and so we find it renewed at :i time when the friend--hi|,' of a l.e Ray was not lo l)e despised, I'ven hv a llonaparte, though iwicea king. The young I.e Ray, intimate at his f.ither's house with sill ii men as I'r.inklin, .Vd.uns and Morris, liad e.irly learned lessons of Republican wisdom, and understood how lo sympathi/e with the infant Stales in iheir struggle for freedom. His intercourse with these gifted st.itesmen Old much to jierfect a rharartcr nnlurnlly siipeiioi-, and of whi( h an intim.ite .k ipiainl- anie wrote in after years as follows; " lie had a strong mind, great penetration, sound iud,g- inent, a warm and affectionate heart, and a noMe soul. lie was guided ihrotigh life by a high and ( hivalrous integrity." It was related that on one oc a .ision a differiaice arose between ihei'Ider l.e R.iy and Robert Morris, then at the court ,,f I'rance. .\n iim|iire was to be chosen, .111(1 Rohert Morris at once selected Mr. I,e Ri\'s own son; the ( ase was stated, and a dec iMon in favcr of Mr. Morris was the lesiilt. I in- c iti/ens of Jefferson and Lewis counties, .\, \ ., owe much of their prosjieritv lo his enlightened and liberal mana,genient; and lev ihe ciii/ens of Jefferson county esjieci- allv he is allec tionately remembered for his liublic-spiriled improvements, his dignified and courteous demeanor, and the svmpalhy he never faihal to express, not onl\ in words, but |jr.i( lically, for whatever ( oncerneil the public: welfare. He fully syinpathi/ed with all ih.ii his faiiier did to aid the colonies in their struggle wiih ('.real liritain, and upon him it lin.illy devolved lo effect a settlement with them. It was a lask of great diflicidly. The depreciation of paper money, and the differing currencies of the States, were ob- stacles .almost insiirmounlnble. Tearing liim- sell from the sediiclifms of the most elegant c iiurl in luirope, ami from the near prospect 1 ./ /!().\.tr.lRir. /X .\( 'A' /•//A'A'A' ,\7 H" li'A'A'. 89 I of ;i hrilli.int marriage, he sailed (bi the I iiitcd Slates, to ilistiiit^iiished ( iti/.eiis ol" wliich l''iaiiklin had j^iveii liiiii letters; and yet, not- withstanding liis talents and enerj^y, sirenj^th- cncd hy all the inlliieme of Iranklin, and .Morris, and A(lani>, it was not until 17.S0 that a Settlement was effe< led ; just in tiini' to save his father from a luimilialin,'; l)ankru|>t( y . While in the I'niied Slates he became ac- qiiainted witii two men who l.ir;4ely inlliienced his sul)se(|uent career, — (louverneur Morris and Count de I, a Foret, Consul-Cieiieral of France, — who i'uhiced him to make heavy purchases of land In company with the latter, lie purchaseij a large traake Ontario and the St. Law- rence river; the whole amounting to 150,000 acres, which was jiaid for in diamonds and silver. Subse(inently, owing to the fact that diamonds had fallen to half their former value in market, other arrangements were entered into, and in 1820 the count accepted a tract of 26,840 acres, for which he paid $40,260. He now memorialized the Legislature of New York to grant him the ])rivilege of hold- ing titles in his own name. In his memorial, he says: " Not being of the number of those who would wish to abandon this land of hos|)i- tality, where the best rights of man prevail, I am nevertheless bound to my own country by 90 A sori'/:.y/A' or the sr. lawkkxc/-: r/ver. ties wliicli misiortunes reiukM- sacred.'" The privileji;!,- solicited was granted by a special ai t, hearing tlate March ^51, 1S25. llavini; ac- (|uired his titles, the ex-king began tn explore his jiossessions; and it is told of him that wlan- ever it was possible, he traveled in great state. Under any eirciinistaiices, his private secre- tary, M. C'arot, his cook, butler, valet and page constituted ln\ suite; these, with the ser- vants of his guests, of whom he usuaoy enter- tained several, made uj) a train, which, in the eyes of the simple backwoodsnuai of those days, formed a jiageant long to be remembered. Those were the times when die old country tavern was in the ascendant ; and how to dispose of such a retinue, became at times a jiroblem too intricate for the rural host to solve. On one occasion, when on his way to spend the winter in New York and l'hiladeli)hia, his train was unusually large, having for his guests, Count I'ierre I'ranrois Real, who was Chef de I'olice under the I''an|ieror, and who then li\ed at C'ape X'incent, Jefferson county : I'aiimanuel ('ount de Cirouchy ami (leneral Desfurneau.x, who, with their attendants, were also going to the metropolis, together with several distin- guished gentlemen from Albany, who had been guests of Count Sur\illiers at llonaparte lake. They halted in the evening at a well-known hos- telry in the Mohawk \ alley, kept I;- a sturdy old Dutchman. As was by no means uncommon among those wlio were in company with ('ount Survilliers, a night of revelry followed; a kingly revel, where the guests were served on his breast by the L'-m- peror's own hand; Cieneral Holland, tlount Real's son-in-law ('ol. Jermoux, C'amille Armand, and others, all livini; at Ca])e Vincent, where M. Le Ray had founded a ])rosperoiis \illage and erected a stately mansif)n, now the property of Mrs. Beaufort, and her sister. Miss Emeline I'eunnet, daughters of Captain Louis Peugnet ; estimable, refined ladies are they, well known far beyoiul the bounds of their village-home. There are many circumstances which ren- der it probable that these re-unions, in which i\r Le Kay was by no means the least honored guest, and which he often reciprocated by gathering the entire company under his own roof, either in his stalely chateau at Le kays- \ille, or in his house at Cape \'incent, were for the purpose of discussing matters of much greater importance than lans; we arrived at your house; we wandered ov'T that great country, where alone we miglii hope to enjoy liberty. Vain hopes ! \'ain projects I which only made us doubly feci our misf()rtunes. " That t'ount Real erected a house at Cape \'incent for the reception of his adored Chief, is so well known in that locality that it "goes without saving; " and also that during its erec- tion. Count Survilliers was oftener a visitor at Cape \'incent than at any other time. 'Then, too, his constant communication with this band of enthusiastic impel'. dists, and es|)ecially with Professor I'igeon, who was Private Secretary to C'ouiit Real, and who, no doubt, wrote every 92 A SOUVEAUR OF Tllf: ST. I.AWREXCE RIVER. fi \ \\ letter and every communication of wiiatever nature relating to their secret plans. It was I'rof. Pigeon who took a vow never to cover his head while Napoleon was a pris- oner ; and notwithstandmg the severity of the winters in Northern New Vork, he steatlfasily adiiered to his resolution until the death of the iMiiperor released him from his vow. During Josepii lionaparte's hist visit to lionapartc Lake, a tragedy occurred that, for some lime, threw a gloom over his daily life, which seemed impossible for him to shake off. Not far from Monaiiarte Lake is Cireen Lake, a body of water not half the size of ISonaparte Lake, and as dismal, gloomy and repulsive as the other is delightful. Its shores are bold and rocky; and owing to a mass of fallen tim- ber, which forms an almost impenetrable cheveaux de frieze around it, it is very difficult of access. Not far from the water's edge, at a ])oint where the rocky wall almost reaches it, is a cave so dark and dismal that it became known as the "Cave of the Sepulchre," a name which a subsequent occurrence served to establish more completely, if possible, than it was before. Among the attendants of the count, was a young J"'renchman nameil Jean Vallois, who paid marked attention to the daughter of a French settler living in the vicinity. She was a beautiful girl, and it was not long liefore they were almost inseiiarable. It was espe- cially their delight to take a boat and row away together among the islands, or climb the rocks to find some new view on which to feast their eyes. Count Survilliers was him- self too fond of the fair sex to put any re- straint on the loves of his followers, and so the liaison went on uninterru])ted until it be- came ai)|)arent to all that a climax was not far distant. One day the young people an- nounced their intention to visit dreen Lake, which was but a short distance away. They were never seen again. Days lengthened into weeks, and weeks into months, and yet no trace of them was found. The woods were scoured far and wide in every direction, and the waters of dreen Lake dragged in vain. Years sped on, and finally the old Frenchman and his wife died, and gradually the occur- rence f.ided from rei ollection. In 1S50 a party iif hunters conceived the idea of explor- ing the Cave of the Sepulcher. Providing themselves with an abundance of material for lights and whatever else they deemed neces- sary, the e\pl(, ration was made. Among the rubbish in the bottom of the cave some bones were found, which were thought to be those of ,in animal. One of the jiarty, however, in looking closer, iliscovered a human skull, and further search revealed another ; then some little 'inkets were found ; and finally a .Span- ish gold coin, on one siile of which was stamped the head of Joseph Ponaparte. When these facts became known, it was re- membered that Count Survilliers had often presented similar pieces to members of his suite, and to particular friends as souvenirs of some special occasion. This fact coupled with the medical testimony, that one of the skulls found belonged to a male and the other to a female, made the conclusion almost irre- sistible that these were none other than the remains of Jean Vallois and the I''re;u:h maiden so soon to become a mother. Whether it was deliberate suicide on the jiart of lioth, or whether they fell victims to a beast of (Hey, will never be known so far as human knowledge is concerned. It would seem that a fondness for the fair sex was the dominant weakness of Count Survilliers. The story of his marriage to the little (Quakeress of Hordentown, N. J., .An- nette Savage, has been told so often and in so many ways that it is now difficult to get at the real facts. It has been asserted that he contracted another marriage du covenance, in Philadelphia; but it is now known that the reputed Philadelphia wife was no other than the liordentown lady; no longer Countess Survilliers, but Madame Delafolie. The re- sult of that marriage was a beautiful daughter, who was named t'aroline Delafolie, and who afterward married Col. Z. Howard llenton, by whom she had two children, Josephine and Josejjh Ponaparte P.enton. It was the ruling desire of Mrs. (Caroline Penton's life to be acknowledged by the 1! >naparte family; and J- I 1 I , A nO.\'.U\UrfF. L\ AVVr/V/AVv'A' AVf/r IVVi'A'. 93 .1 wliun I.ouis Xnpolcon nscencied the tliroiic she journeyed to Paris, lioping to accomplish lier purpose, and she is said to have succeeded. In Haddock's History of Jefferson county, ]). 440, tills sujjjei t is fairly handled. Through the kindness of Minister Wasiiburn she was admitted to an aiiilience with the I^niperor, who received her favorably. On their return to the United States they gave glowing accounts of their reception at court, and of the appoint- ment of their daugiiter Josephine to the posi- tion of maid of honor to the I-',m|)ress luigenie. The disastrous termination of the Franco- I'russian war forever ended any hopes that centered on Louis Xajxileon. however willing he might have Ijeen to aid his kinsfolk. There is a house yet standing in Evans' Mills which Count Survilliers erected for Madame Delafolie, and his summer residence at Natural Bridge is shown upon another page. He also built a stone liouse on the shore of Perch Lake, in the town of Pamelia, N. Y. 'I'his was also richly furnislied throughout ; the fireplaces were fitted with marble mantels, and the whole house was finished t(j corres- pond. This was intended for a winter resi- dence, being within easy reach of his friends at Cajjc \ incent, and of the chateau of M. de Le Ray, at Le Raysville. This i)arl of his domain was afterward sold to John La Farge, another l''rench emigre, liut now scarcely one stone stands ui)on ano'her to m.irk what was once the dwelling of royalty. .\ nei)liew of Count Survilliers, Joac him Murat, was a fretiuent guest of his uncle, who ])re- sented him with a tract of land lying between the i)resent villages of .\ntwerp and 'I'lieresa. Here the young man began business on a large scale. He caused a canal to be dug, a dam was built on Indian river, and a mill erected, a storehouse and dwellings put up, a town laid out on a grand scale, and every preparation made for a city in the wilderness, but it failed to materialize. \Vhile the young Murat possessed all the natural proclivities which constitute the modern " boomer," he was half a century in advance of the times; settlers failed to come, the development of the country was slow, the locality was olf the natural lines of communication, so that after the exiienditure of a fortune, he was forced to abandon the enter[)rise, and now but little remains to indicate the spot where In- fondly hoped to rear the llourishing city of "Joachim " In 1833, or it may be in the spring of 1834, Josejjh l!ona])arte returned to France, and Northern New York knew him no more. In 1835 his agent. Judge Josei)h lioyer, sold all his remaining lands in Jefferson and Lewis counties to John La Farge. At this time, political events in France ajiparently favored a reinstatement of the Bonaparte family, and Count Survilliers, hopeful that the next turn of the political wheel would bring the liona- partes to the surface, was anxious to be where his greatest interests lay, and where his per- sonal efforts might be of some avail. With the sal of his landed estates, his interests in a country where, to use his own expression, "'i'lie best rights (jf man prevail," entirely ceased. Some three or four old men are yet alive,* who, in the capacity of guides or laborers for the ex-king, can relate some anec- dote of him ; but of his real li ■ while in Northern New York, scarce anything is pub- licly known beyond what is embodied in this brief sketch. Of one who was king of Naples, who sat on the throne of Spain, whose brother was ar. emi)eror, and wore the diadem of the Ca;sars, and whose acts have filled more pages of history than did those of Alex- ander the Great, it seems trilling indeed. * In Haddock's History of Jfirerson county, cited al)ove, he mentions Hon. L. I.ncalls, tlic veteran tdilDi, c)f Watcriown, N. Y.. and Mr. Hi..\m iiakh, of Natural Bridge, as well remembering Joseph Bona- p.ute. Ml, Im;\i IS wns ilicn a boy. and iccollecis the cx-king as a fal, full-chested, pleasant old man, dcligliiing 10 sit in his doorway of a summer iveiiiiig and llirmv pennies by handsful among the boys, to see them scramble and tight for tiiem. Mr. Bi an( 11 auh is past iiiiicly, but is a remarkably bright old gentleman. He worked for the ex king upon ilic Natural bridge dwelling, and tells how loseph would don the dress of a workman, when the lit look him, and work in lathing the house, pieparatory to plastering. He asserts that the e.\ king was coni|)aiiionabIe and agreeable, and le.tdily approachable, always charit.ibli^ and considerate, 1 THE MYSTERY OF MAPLE ISLAND. I'^ M \ l"l< I. H. Dl'KllAM. ')li, ill, 11 I well' ,1 |i.iiillc'r '. A lillinn giiidr lo l)C\ iiiio \W\ ^'''■''' '■"^'■•^^'". "II »l"t-li llK- tra-cdy I I which I ainalioiii to nlalc look [ilacc, lies a liltic bryond thu main stcamlioat chaniK'l nil the Anieiii an side, ahmiM in from of, and in plain view lioni the balconies of the " FronteihH " on Round I^lalld. It has an area of about six acres, and a high ridge ex- tends ac ross it from east to west, or nearly so, whi'h is inclined to be |ireci|iitous on the north and north-west. l''or the most part, the island is covered by a thick undergrowth with hero and there a few larger trees, excepting on the south side of the dividing ridge, where the timber has been cut awav, leaving a tri- angular shaped clearing with its apex at the top of the ridge. 'I'here is nothing about it to attract especial attention. Some time siiue, while glancing through the columns of (.'layton's newsv weekly. On the St. [.awrence. I lighted upon a brief ,irti- I le which at (Mice engrossed my attention. At ihi> date I <-.'.Mnot give more than the sub- stance of tiie sketch, having mislaid the clip- ping mule at the time; but if my niemorv serves me It was headed: "The Tragedv of ^f'M'l'' l-^laml :" at all events, if not this in exact terms, it conveyed the idea so forciblv that I read and re-read the article, vainly Irv- ing to recall something ih.n I had read before, which in .1 vague, shadowy way seemed