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ROSE & SONS 1 I L'lTV UK TOltUNTii, ^ 4. •h •^ [' ASHINCi'i'ON is the City of Magnificent Distances, Edinburgh is tlie iModern Athens, Boston is the Hub or City of Culture, Philadelphia the City of Bro therly Love, and Toronto is the (^ueen City. There are others that claim the somewhat hackneyed and inoriginal title of (^ueen City, but none with as good a claim as Toronto, which might also fittingly be termed The City of Magnifi- cent Location, for no city, town or village on top of (lod's green earth is more conveniently, more picturesciuely or better situated. Set like a gem in the silver sheen of Lake Ontario, it has outlets in all directions. (lood level roads run into a fertile, beautiful country, north, east and west, while on the south is the broad expanse of one of the five greatest lakes in the world, enabling the port to be reached by vessels of any size alloat on North America's vast inland waters. Built on a slope, no city has finer drainifig advantages or for the securing of pure water ; nor for the obtaining and maintaining of that most valuable of God's blessings — perfect health. In fact, Toronto the world over is famed as being in itself one of Nature's greatest sanitariums. While its business streets, with its miles upon miles of fine, l.irge, imposing commercial, financial and governmental buildings, present an appearance of bustling, hustling prosperity, second to no city of the same size, its residential jior- tion for scenery, taste in architecture, taste in plans of grounds, taste in arrangement, cannot be excelled. It has been said that no town is perfect without a history, Toronto has a history, and an honor able history, tracing two hundred years back, and connected with some of the most stirring events, 12 TORONTO. NBW I'AKLIAMKNT KUILDINliS. TOJiOXIO. 18 .•*># i 4 not only of Canada, but of all this broad continent. Perhaps the best tribute to its natural advantages is to be found in the fact that while Niagara, Kingston and London were each in turn chosen by pio- neers, military commanders or governors, for the capital of the richest, mos:* resource- ful, best populated of the provinces, To- ronto forced herself to the front, and stayed in the front, not by favor, but by the right of her own surroundings and advantages of situation, and by the right of the energy of her pioneers and their successors. Without going into the descent and sr. lawkknce market. pedigree of the city from the time that for its convenience of harbor and shore— conveniences that exist to an intensified and glorified extent to-day— it was the haunt of Mississaga Indians, Mohawks and Hurons, we cannot refrain from quoting the testimony, to the locality of its location, of Surveyor-General Bouchttte, a pioneer hydro- grapher, who says : " I distinctly recollect the untamed aspect which the country exhibited when I first entered the beautiful basin. Dense and trackless forests lined the margin of the lake and re- flected their inverted images in its glassy surface. The wandering savage had constructed his ephemeral habitation beneath their luxuriant foliage— the group then consisted of two families of Mississagas— and the bay and neighboring marshes were the hitherto uninvaded haunts of immense u TOliONTO. ! ' NKW CITV HAU. AM> lOl UT lUtrsSK. TO HON TO. in MASSKV MI'.SIC IIAI,U 16 TORONTO. I 1 coveys of wild fowl." Toronto has lost its " untamed aspect," but the beauty of the highlands, of its surroundings, of its island frontage from the lake, remain. Although from the fringe of shore on the mainland has gone the romance of trackless forest and wandering savage, there now exists the more desirable signs and symbols of modern progress and development. "When in 1793, Governor John Graves Simcoe made choice of his capital, he went energeti- cally to work to create it," says a contemporary writer. By those who look upon Toronto in the glory of to-day, as our author avows, it must be said, he builded better than he knew. Marvellous has been the transformation, and that within the brief space of a hundred years ! The real germ of the town was the Governor's canvas tent (it had belonged to the n-wigator. Captain Cook), in which, in an open space by the mouth of the river Don — now the site of the second largest distil- lery in America — the sturdy soldier-administrator spent a winter, while the Queen's Rangers were set the task of hewing down the forest and clearing a site for the Upper Canada Westminster, con sisting of two large halls, in one of which justice was meted out, while in the other the Provincial Legislature met. From that time on, the progress of Toronto has been steady if not Chicago-like. It has had its " boom," and has suffered from the collapse, as must all new communities subject to the most pernicious of modern methods of push ; but it is gradually and surely recovering and rising to the dignity of its possibilities. A little too conservative, perhaps, Toronto is yet going ahead. Not, perhaps, as fast as Sir William Van Home, who prophesied that e'er this there would be 300,000 inhabitants within its confines, but still it is building on a foundation that neither boom nor revolution will, in the future, be able to shake. In 1812, Toronto, or rather York, as it was then called, was twice sacked by United States invaders, but education, intelligence and industry came to its aid, and York rose from its ashes and TORONTO. beauty of the highlands, of from the fringe of shore on avage, there now exists the I capital, he went energeti- look upon Toronto in the lan he knew. Marvellous ed years ! The real germ /igator, Captain Cook), in f the second largest distil- :he Queen's Rangers were '^anada Westminster, con- n the other the Provincial steady if not Chicago-like, w communities subject to and surely recovering and aps, Toronto is yet going that e'er this there would idation that neither boom sacked by United States' k rose from its ashes and YACHT AND lAXOF. fl.riH ON TORONTO HAY FRONT. 18 TORONTO 1 i began a period of progress that has been checked by untoward events, such as the machination of the family compact and the aforementioned boom, but it has never been blocked. Consider- ing that thft leader of the reform movement in 1837, William T.yon Mackenzie, that true lion of indo- mitable courage and spirit, had, three years previously been its mayor, Toronto, (York no longer, the change being effected in '34), naturally played a prominent part in the rising against autocracy and the evils of misgovernment. The city was held by the Loyal- ists, but the movement brought the people the liberties they enjoy to-day. From 1837 to 1867 the city prospered, but in the latter year Confederation took place, and if it lost some importance as a seat of government, it continued to grow with a greater growth as a business centre, as is proven by the fact that while thirty years ago the population was but 50,0c J and the realty twenty millions, to day the population has cjuadrupled and the realty octupled, if such a word is permissable. VIKW ON' .lAliVlS STKKKT. od of progress that ecked by untoward as the machination r compact and the 2d boom, but it has •locked. Consider- eader of the reform 1837, W'llHam Lyon lat true Hon of indo- age and spirit, had, previously been its ito, (York no longer, jing effected in '34), ■ed a prominent part against autocracy of misgovernment. held by the Loyal- movement brought ! liberties they enjoy ieration took place, th a greater growth population was but the realty octupled. I MOUNT rLEAS.V.NT CK.METKKV. f .;•-;<»«— —^ 20 TORONTO. Passing from the rise of Toronto in a historical way, we desire before entering upon statistics, showing the city's material development in later years especially, boom to the contrary, notwith- standing, to say a few words regarding its advantages as a place for visitors, for investment, and for residents. Toronto covers an area of about sixteen square miles, intersected by over three hundred miles of well-paved streets, that almost without deviation, cross each other at right angles. Electric lights on a utility plan, and not as in some American cities, on the ornamental beacon method, illuminate the city at half-block or whole-block intervals, from side to side, depending, of course, upon the length and importance of the thoroughfare ; while probibly the most perfect system of electric cars traverses the city in every direction. If ever a municipality had rapid transit, Toronto is that mun'cipality, for not only do the trolley cars run fast, but the streets are so well kept that 15,000 bicyclists fly hither and thither, if not with the speed of the wind, at least, with a celerity that astounds visitors who with wonder learn that, although no cast-iron regulation as regards speed exists, and no ordinance is in force compelling the use of brakes, or the carrying of lanterns or bells accidents of a serious nature are so rare as not to exceed three or four in a year ; wliereas in cities half as large as Toronto, with all the supposed precautions, the casualities are fre(}uently twice as great. I '^ The open space and public playgrounds are not as numerous as might be desired, thanks partly to the niggardliness and lack of foresight of the municipal governors, who failed to hold in- violate a big space of land known as the Queen's Park, when they had the opportunity, but private enterprise has done much in giving the city Hanlan's Point on the Island, High Park, AVoodbine Park, where the most famous horse races in all Canada are held annually, Rosedale athletic grounds, and the baseball grounds. At some one of these centres, something attractive in the shape of gimes is always going on during the summer. It must not be understood, however, that TORONTO. 21 ing upon statistics, ; contrary, notwith- n vestment, and for 3ver three hundred t angles. Electric :al beacon method, pending, of course, it perfect system of )id transit, Toronto e so well kept that ;ast, with a celerity tn as regards speed of lanterns or bells ; whereas in cities frecjuently twice as be desired, thanks ) failed to hold in- rtunity, but private ;h Park, Woodbine Rosedale athletic ig attractive in the ood, however, that i the city is without breathing places, for while there are not so many in the in- terior as there should be, there are yet a few scattered around, whereas the drives in the suburbs cannot be excelled anywhere in their natural loveliness. It is not only in itself that Toronto is brimful of interest and attractiveness for both visitor and resident ; its main advantages lie in the country it serves. No city in the world can excel it in this particular. Seldom, if ever, charactei- ized by that purgatorial heat which makes summer almost unbearable in many so-called watering places to the south, and turns cities into little better than Saharial plague jpots, Toronto to the stay at-home and the transient offers the Island with its well laid out grounds and walks, and its lovely, exhilarating, cool breezes off the lake at the very height of the heated term, and many charming spots on shore, such as Lome Park, Long Branch, Kew Beach, Vic- WALMER ROAU t'HURtll. 22 TORONTO. 'A i I i i I I J VIKW IN MOINT VI.KASANT CKMKTKKV. 'I I toria Park, while within half an hour's ride are the famous strawberry beds of Oakville, and within a couple of hours pleasant journey by boat or rail the greatest won- der of the world — Ni- agara Falls. Then with- in a very few hours the loveliest spotsin creation or rather in Muskoka, on the Georgian Bay, or on the St. Lawrence, can be reached ; and no sports- man need go to bed hungry, while the choice St fishing waters, or hunt- ing grounds can be got to in the moining, and returned from, so as to spend the nights in the city. (See Appendix.) in ! ia Park, while within If an hour's ride are ! famous strawberry 3s of Oakviile, and hin a couple of hours asant journey by boat rail the greatest vvon- ■ of the world — Ni- ra Falls. Then with- 1 very few hours the eliest spotsin creation atherin Muskoka, on Georgian Bay, or on St. Lawrence, can be ;hed ; and no sports need go to bed gry, while the choice St ing waters, or hunt- grounds can be got n the moining, and rued from, so as to id the nights in the (See Appendix.) RESERVOIR PARK. I -'(i 'fi 24 TORONTO. ■HI ■ 1 1 ''' • } ,'i I I ili T will be seen by the Appendix that Toronto is not only a very prosperous community, but thai its increase in population has been phenomenal ; it has been exceeded during the past few decades by but few large cities on this continent. In fact, during the ten year., 1S81-91, the percentage of growth was exceeded in only one large city in the United States or Canada. That was Chicago, the great port of many popu- lous states, and the only point at which their railway traffic could pass eastward to the seaboard on the south side of the great lakes. Even with these advantages and the in- clusion within Chicago's boundaries of a large adjacent territory, that city's percentage of increase was not much larger than Toronto's. St. Paul, Minneapolis and Kansas City, Mo., which have been regarded as marvellous instances of rapid growth, were left behind our Queen City of the Lakes. At present, Toronto, which now embraces Yoikville, Parkdale and other smaller suburbs which generally lay directly against well built portions of the city, contains, by a careful directory estimate, 225,000 souls, an estimate which is confirmed by the yearly increase in school population, the means for obtaining which are more efficient than those used in the annual assessment. Rapid Transit. The street railway system is, as has been referred to, one of the very best on the continent in regard to mileage, equipment and rapid facilities for reaching any quarter of the large area embraced within the oily limits. There are over 80 miles of street railway, operated by a joint stock com- pany, but paying a large annual revenue to the city corporation, and to fall again, on equitable terms, into the possession of the city after a term of years. The city railway has connections on the north, east and west with suburban lines embracing many miles of track and furnishing ready access to many beautiful localities in the environs. Tne suburban trolley system is likely before long to be widely extended beyond its present limits. ^ osperous communityr has been exceeded lent. In fact, during in only one large oily It port of many popu- )ass eastward to the intages and the in- city's percentage of nsas City, Mo., which Dur Queen City of the other smaller suburbs by a careful directory in school population, al assessment. ;st on the continent in le large area embraced by a joint stock com- lU again, on equitable ly has connections on c and furnishing ready system is likely before • w ■X ' iiam Wm^^ i t mm ' ' "" ^&iJijil»a^^i&^w»4waiisi;:..»».■'»» TORONTO. 47 to these systems of in transit, there are way centreing at the nd reaching conven- nd villages to the east ueen City's hospitality, beauty and enterprise, but of its pleisant climate. In healihfulness Toronto ranks amongst the foremost cities of the world, the death rate being under 20 per thousand. The cleanliness of the streets is a marvel to visitors from both Europe and America. The water sup- ply, which is drawn from the lake and beyond the island, and is pumped up against the pressure of the water in the Rtservoir north of the city, is ample — over 100 gallons per diem, for each in- habitant. The water, derived from a THE HOARD OF TRADE. if u I 1 i I'' !; iii! Ill 30 TORONTO. HARltORD COI.LEtilATE rNSTITPTE. TORONTO. •M deep cool lake, and at a point free from the con- tamination of city sew- age, is pronounced by analysts lo be almost the purest in the wot Id. The better anchorage of the pipes across the bay now prevents the breaking and leakage which now and then in ye-.rs gone by contaminated ihesup- ply with bay water. Topography. There are a few to- pographical features of Toronto interes.ing to a scientific visitor, and which add no little becuty to the city. The city lies between the lake and bay shores and an escarp- ment about 260 feet above lake level and two miles distant from the water. This escarpment was the ancient shore of Lake Ontario when the waters lay many fathoms deep over what is now a busy hive of men. On the east the escarpment advances to the lake shore in the bold promontory of Scarborough Heights, which probably are referred to by Tom Moore when he tells how TOKONTO INIVEItSlTY AND MAIN BRANLHKS. i 32 TORONTO. " The blue hills of old Toronto shed Their evening shadows o'er Ontario's bed." Through this escarpment, from the watershed over twenty miles inland that separates at a height of 700 to 1,000 feet the basins of Lakes Ontario and Simcoe, break the beautiful rivers Don and Humber, with their many lovely branch ravines and still reaches. The Don flows through canal-like artificial banks into the extreme eastern portion of Toronto Bay, and is a very marked feature of the eastern portion of the city. Just beyond the western limit omes down the beautiful vale of the Humber, deepening into m'rror-like expanses surrounded by high steeps, as it gently and almost impreceptibly glides into Humber Bay. Between the two rivers, and above the escarpment flow smaller streams, which, winding through farm and woodland, deepen, as they approach the old lake margin, into gorges filled with a rich profusion of trees and wild vines, ferns and flowers— veritable sylvan'shades, where in dreamy mood one can while away an hour within a few rods of city streets and with the hush of the wilderness all about him. Just beneath the escarpment these brooks flow in shallow beds, but again gradually cut for themselves another series of gorges now partially filled up, but still, as in Bellwoods Park and the various Garrison Creek ravines in the west end, and the Rosedale ravines, retaining something of their pristine beauty. Another interesting feature to the geologist, is the phenomenon of Ashbridge's Bay and the Island. Here he can see that a process working for centudts in a constructive way has passed its climax within the memory of citizens now living. Scarborough Heigh's, reaching along for miles to the east, once jutted far out into Lake Ontario. The prevailing wash from the east gradually wore it away, carrying the debris westwiifd and forming .'Ashbridge's bar. Then tongue after tongue of land formed opposite the mouth of the Don, and were one after another driven shoreward and inward towards the bar, until fitially, aided by the mud brought down by the Don, Ashbridge's Bay was completely enclosed and became a shallow and marshy lagoon 'J^ mm separates at a height utiful rivers Don and >ws through canal-like ry marked feature of beautiful vale of the it gently and almost the escarpment flow approach the old lake nd flowers— veritable w rods of city streets snt these brooks flow es now partially filled the west end, and the ibridge's Bay and the ictive way has passed 's, reaching along for ; wash from the east s bar. Then tongue e one after another ; mud brought down and marshy lagoon i TOBOIsTO. 88 Then began the formation of Toronto island from a peninsular prolongation of Ashbridgc's bar due west, and the formation of spits of land at the western end to be diiven shoreward and back on the peninsula itself, like closed fingers, until the present is- land lagoons were formed. But Scar- borough Heights, meanwhile, had re- ceded into the gen- eral contour of the shore line ; the sup- ply of debris from its front had greatly diminished, and like Ashbridge's bar, the peninsula was gradu- ally driven shoie- ward into deeper water, and became narrower and nar- rower, especially at its eastern extremity, until in 1853 ap^^orm NEW UNION STATION. finally cut off the half-demolished pen- insula and converted it into Toronto Island. So great was the shoreward movement of the eastern part of the island, until the break-water was con- structed as a protection against farther encroachment of the lake, that over the site of an island hotel, which in 1853 was a favorite resort of sportsmen and bathers, the waves of Ontario wash full halfa mile southward of the Eastern gap. Arriving by Train. The railway centre of Toronto is the Union Station on Front Street and the Esplanade below. The railway sta- tion erected over twenty years ago was a very long and lofty structure of brickj with a rounding roof of iron and glass, beneath which nearly all the passenger trains passed It was at the time con- sidered a magnificent struc'.ure of its kind, and ample for the passenger traffic there concentrated. But a few years ago a second building of somewhat COLLICE .ST. HAI'TIST CHrBCH. half-demolished pen- ted it into Toronto was the shoreward eastern part of the reak -water was con- ation against farther :ie lake, that over the lotel, which in 1853 rt of sportsmen and of Ontario wash full d of the Eastern gap. by Train. ;ntre of Toronto is n Front Street and [V. The railway sta- enty years ago was itructure of brick, f of iron and glas«, y all the passenger as at the time con- nt strucuire of its the passenger trafific But a few years ding of somewhat TOROSTO. 36 similar style had to be constructed on its south side ; and now, besides the extension of platform and roof towards the westward, a lofty, imposing, beau'ifully finished, and most commodious build- ing readies from the original station to Front Street, afford- ing, besides all the conveniences of the most elaborate of modern railway de- pots, ready access by elevator or stairways down to the various tracks on the Espla- nade. The Roman archway, the grand entrance from Front Street, is 50 feet in width, and is siid to be the largest archway on the continent. In- side are the ticket of- fice?, the capacious and beautiful waiting rooms, and, besides, a variety of conveniences and various offices of officials of the railways. Beneath the passage way from Front Street is an archway, underneath which the street Sl'ADINA AVEMIE TORONTO. railway cars pass ; and from here the arriving passenger finds his way up town by street car, carriage, or on foot In fact, the entire arrange- ments for the comfort and conveni- ence of both arriving and depart- ing travellers are all that could be wished. From Front Street at the foot of Simcoe Street, over all the tracks on the Esplanade, and over the roof of the extended platforms on the west, a handsome iron bridge reaches the outer portion of the Esplanade* A similar bridge is to be built on the east end, from the foot of York Street across the tracks, to afford safe access to the water front on the Esplanade The leading hotels of the city are nearly all within a few blocks of the station? The approach to the ciy by rail, especially by the Grand Trunk Railway, from the heights beyon^j SUKBBOUUME STBEKT METHODIST GHUUCH. TORONTO. 37 ass ; and from here the ;nger finds his way up et car, carriage, or on t, the entire arrange comfort and conveni- 1 arriving and depart- are all that could be ront Street at the foot reet, over all the tracks lade, and over the roof ded platforms on the )me iron bridge reaches lion of the Esplanade* dge is to be built on from the foot of York i the tracks, to afford ) the water front on the The leading hotels of nearly all within a few i station? proach to the ciy by ly by the Grand Trunk m the heights beyon^j the Djn is beautiful, the lake and bay and a large portion of the city being spread out as if at one's feet. From Over the Lake. But the finest approach, perhaps, is by water. Crossing the lake from N lag ira-on-the- Lake, the traveller, after being for a short time entirely out of sight of land, as much so as if he were in mid-ocean, first sees before him a dim, lowlying horizon, wh ch soon be- gins to unfold itself as a distant line of heights, prominent amongst which are Scarborough Heights to the right. Soon the lower of St. James Cathedral peers aloft, and the tops of the taller buildings of the city. Then the island, Imed with hotels and summer residen- ces embosomed in trees, and stretching for miles along the water, charms the vision. Then, sweeping into the har- bor, the bay, with its many steamers plying hither and thither, its graceful m ^^^^^^^HL '"^^ 9 1 y m0''^- KINO STRKBT. 38 TORONTO. KMMA.NUKI. BAPTIST CHURCH, .lARVIS ST. sailing vessels, pleas- * lire yachts with their white wings spread, and other small craft presents an animated scene. The water- front itself is not so imposing, and the hills behind fhe city have sunk from view. But the line of solid warehouses, the num- erous spires and tow- ers, the lofty sum- mits of leading down town buildings and warehouses, give an impression, which is verified by facts, that Toronto is perhaps one of the busiest wholesale cities of its size in America. But it is only when'one lands and makes his way, not only through the well-built down tov a business streets, but [through the residential portions, that the claim of Toronto to be one of liie most attractive cities in the world is appreciated. TORONTO. m sailing vessels, pleas- ure yachts with their white wings spread, and other small crafl presents an animated scene. The water- front itself is not so imposing, and the hills behind *he city have sunk from view. But the line of solid warehouses, the num- erous spires and tow- ers, the lofty sum- mits of leading down town buildings and warehouses, give an impression, which is verified by facts, that Toronto is perhaps one of the busiest and makes his way, not residential portions, that appreciated. The Esplanade. Unlike Montreal harbor, with its unrivalled lines of massive stone quays and abutments, but like, perhaps, every other harbor in America, Toronto har- bor has wooden piers. This has been necessary, as well as economical, for the Esplanade has been constantly ex- tending further into the bay, and into deeper water, so as to accommodate the larger vessels that have been comin^ into use on the Great Lakes. At one time the water washed what were then (Cliffs, immediately below Front Street, along which ran the Grand Trunk Rail- way. But by depositing earth, stones and debris of various kinds the Es- planade has been created, and now oc- cupies a large and increasing area. Vonge Street Wharf. The chief landing place for travel- lers by boat is the foot of Vonge Street. Here is a large extent of wharfage, sheds MLTROl'OMTA.N METHODIST CHUKCU. :i I 40 TORONTO. !!ii and other buildings, and here, too, in the fruit season, peaches, grapes, tomatoes and other fruit, the immense quantity of which simply astonishes the British visitor, are landed from the Niagara district, and sold to. the fruit buyers of the city. The scene for months is one well worth a visit. From the wharfs at the foot of Yonge .Street the traveller tinds his way, on foot or otherwise, across the Esplanade and up one block to the intersection of Yonge and Front Streets, whence he may easily reach his immediate destination. Several of the leading hotels are reached by turn- ing to the left on Front Street, and several others by con- COR. KKOST AND YONOK STS. J5ii*v omatoes and other fruit, anded from the Niagara district, and sold to, the fruit buyers of the city. The scene for months is one well worth a visit. From the wharfs at the foot of Yonge Street the traveller finds his way, on foot or otherwise, across the Esplanade and up one block to the intersection of Yong j and Front Streets, whence he may easily reach his immediate destination. Several of the leading hotels are reached by turn- ing to the left on Front Street, and several others by con- TORONTO. 41 CORNER KING AND YOKCE STS. 1 '. 42 TOIIONTO. m CIIAI'KL IN ST. JAMEs' CEMETERY. "^^iiftfj tinning up Yonge Street to King and thence turning to the left. But there are other good hotels up Yonge Street, and within a short distance of it to the eastward. The Leading Streets. Yonge Street is the chief retail street of Toronto, and looking up it from Front Street, it presents a most animated view, which is lost in the closing lines of buildings on either side, far up the gentle slope towards Bloor Street. It is, too, the main avenue of road traffic from the north, and reaches northward over thirty miles to the borders of Lake Simcoe. Front Street is one of the leading wholesale streets of Canada, and especially beautified where it crosses Yonge Street by the lofty Board of Trade building, the elegant Custom House, and that gem of chaste and beautiful archi- tecture the Bank of Montreal build- Vonge Street to King and "•ning to the left. But other good hotels up set, and within a short it to the eastward. le Leading Streets. Street is the chief retail bronto, and looking up ont Street, it presents a ated view, which is lost ing lines of buildings on far up the gentle slope oor Street. It is, too, the ue of road traffic from and reaches northward miles to the borders of ;oe. Front Street is one ding wholesale streets of nd especially beautified osses Yonge Street by the 1 of Trade building, the ustom House, and that aste and beautiful archi- '. Bank of Montreal build- ing Parallel to Front Street and the next north, is Wellington Street, likewise a fine wholesale street, and above \N'ellington are Colborne on the right and Melinda on the left, likewise largely wholesale streets. Several other wholesale streets, on which soiTie of the finest ware- houses of the city are built, cross the streets mentioned from south to north, between York Street on the west, and Church Street on the east Beyond King Street, a beautiful and animated business street, mostly oc- cupied with retail shops, are parallel and cross streets lined often with elegant buildings, occupied by in- surance, real estate and land and loan companies, banks, law and other offices. Beyond is Queen Street, the longest street in the city, and stretching with its lines of retail and other shops from the eastern limits of Toronto for seven miles, till it verges on Humber bay. Along :,ii^.^: VIEW OF YONGE STREET. i ;» I ^1 :f .i f'S ,1 'I'/^l ? V il iil , jti I'! I r :> 44 TORONTO. SL'KNK IN lllilll lAKK. this street are scattered special centres of business which, in themselves would suffice for small cities. Two-lhirds of a mile further north are Carlton and College Sts., constituting the third great east and west avenue of Toronto, and remarkable in parts for beautiful resi- dences and grounds, and west fo Spa- dina Avenue for a new and promising business (]uarter, with asphalt pave- ments excelled in width on few streets in America. Then still further north- ward -omes the great parallel avenue of Bloor Street ending at the west near the rising town of Toronto Junction, and, like College Street, devoted in part to pron)ising centres of retail trade. 'I'he through north and south streets worthy of special note, are, besides Vonge Street, Jarvis and Sherbourne, )eautiful residential streets east of Vonge Street ; and west of that street, Spadina Avenue, a splendid street — a veritable Broadway, and Bathurst St., TORONTO. 46 \ttered special centres 1, in themselves would ilies. 'I'wo-lhirds of a rlh are Carlton and itituting tlie third great enue of Toronto, and arts for beautiful resi- inds, and west fo Spa- ■ a new and promising r, with asphalt pave- n width on few streets len still further north- great parallel avenue nding at the west near of I'oronto Junction, le Street, dtvotcd in ; centres of retail trade, jrth and south streets al note, are, besides irvis and Sherbourne, ntial streets east of nd west of that s^treet, , a splendid street — a way, and Bathurst St., once an old military highway to the north. Dundas Street begins in the west end. It was con- structed in the early days of the province, and continues westward under the same name through many a populous town beyond Lon- don city, a hundred and twenty miles distant. University Avenue, leading from (^ueen Street up to tne Parliament Bu Id- ings in the Queen's Park, is the " Unter den Linden " of To- ronto, though instead of linder it is lined and centred by col- ossal horse chestnut trees. If is an av- enue of gre;it width, and is pronounced one of the most beau- tiful on the continent. Jarvis Street in the east and St. George WELLINGTON STREET. iff. 1 iJi I' f.n' ': i \ H m 46 TORONTO. Street in the west are beautiful asphalted streets, and, perhaps the most fashionable of the longer residential streets of the city. A large proportion of the three hundred miles of city streets is paved with asphalt, or asphalt and granite or brick, or else is still covered with cedar blocks, which, though unsatisfactory for lines of heavy traffic, was almost the only material used for improving the roadways in the early days of the " boom " But, whatever the material, the roadways are kept scrupulously clean, and are lined by "boulevards," on the well-kept grass of which stand rows, generally of maple or horse-chestnut, intermingled here and there with other trees. The American elm, the rival of the palm is claimed to be the stateliest tree in the :world, is a conspicuous object in some parts of the city. The houses, especially those erected in the past fifteen years, show good and often very superior taste, and in the better class, a great variety of style. In many cases, and often over considerable areas, the houses are surrounded by ample lawns, where a great variety of trees and shrubs are cultivated, for tlie climate admits of a wide range of northern and southern trees ; and deciduous magnolias the peach and tulip trees are not stringers to lawn or garden. On most closely built streets "terraces" and semi-detached houses are the rule : the tenement house, with its flats is practically unknown. Then, too, the numerous and often beautiful churches and other public buildings, constantly break the view as they rise everywhere from amidst the luxuriant foliage of the emi)owered city. The Virginia creeper and the grape are the chief climbers in use, the former often the ornament, not only of residences, but of the older churches, which a natural instinct often demands shall be ivy- clad. So by the glare of day, or in the mystery of night, when the streets are brilliant with electric lights, and the foliage is silhouetted sharply on li'.e pavements, the city is in an eminent degree a dream of beauty. Jarvis, Sherbourne and St. George streets furnish characteristic types of Toron- to's b;;st residences, old and rew. The plateau between the beautiful Rosedale ravines, well worth a visit, also affords fine examples of recent architecture, largely founded on European TORCNTO. 47 ihionable of the longer •ith asphalt, or asphalt unsatisfactory for lines ys in the early days of y clean, and are lined iple or horse-chestnut, 3f the palm is claimed )arts of the city. The en very superior taste, \!Qx considerable areas, shrubs are cultivated, :ciduous magnolias the uilt streets "terraces" practically unknown, lings, constantly break ;mbo\vered city. The :en tlie ornament, not demands shall be ivy- s brilliant with electric 1 an eminent degree a eristic types of Toron- ale ravines, well worth unded on luiropean I models. The residence of Goldwin Smith, "The Grange," in the west end, between Queen Street and the University, deserves a passing glimpse. It has, in a very modern city, an agreeable flavor of the an- tique, with its plain brick walls covered with vines. The grounds are very spacious, and its grand elms are the pride of Torontoians. A City ol Public Buildings. Toronto, in the number and elegance of its public buildings, is far superior to the City ot the Straits, or any of the cities of Lake Erie. This is largely because Toronto is the capital in every respect of a large, wealthy, and populous pro- vince. Here is centred the On- tario Government, with all its acces- sory machinery. It is the legal, medical and educational centre of the province, as well as its commer cial metropolis, and so in addition 1 ■l. / - - . * ■ - .. ■- • AiUP > H w - "^ ■ \ • tf^ {■ i ^'4 ■^>> *», t-- : , . \ \ 1 R' KENXKDV I'AKK, TOUONTU JLMTiO.N. II! •I I ,iji ji I '( I \ ' 1 1 (111 J [i 4 48 TORONTO. to the usual numbers of public buildings, such as municipal buildings, hospitals, charities, schools, etc., it boasts of magnificent parliament buildings, a normal school, a cluster of colleges, nearly all affiliated with Toronto University, its Osgoode Hall, once considered the second finest law court building in the world, and a variety of medical schools. The visitor with little time to spare, bent on pursuit of his favorite subjects of inquiry or curiosity, must govern himself accordingly. There is much to be seen and much worthy of being seen, and a stay of days or weeks is well rewarded, in fact, would in many instances be an education in itself, for between Boston and New York on the East, and Chicago on the \\'est, there is not another city that presents so varied and so con- centrated an interest. How to See Toronto. For the hurried visitor, if he purposes seeing as mucli as he can in an hour or so, and prefers doing it oo foot, a walk along Front street to Yonge, up Yonge and along King to St Lawrence Market on the east, and St. Andrew's Church on the west, a further walk up Yonge ^0 Queen, a turn along the somewhat shabby Queen St , past the magnificent new City Hall and Court House, now nearing completion, and around Osgoode Hall up University Avenue, past the Armoury and a shabby part of the city behind it, to Queen's Park, where the Patliament Buildings, University College, the School of Practical Science, McMaster Hall, Victoria College, \\ycliffe Col- lege, the Observatory, the Biological and other educational buildings, are to be found ; thence out westward to St. (ieorge Street, and, up it to Pjloor and along Bloorto YongeSt., with a side diversion by Carlton to the Horticultural Gardens and down by Church St., past the Normal School square and thence down to King, will afford a pleasant and most profitable glimpse of the central part of Toronto, and may be accomplished in two houts. It will be a very superficial glimpse of course, and will, besides, omit much of the real beauty of Toronto to be found in outlying quarters. TORONTO. 4» tals, charities, schools. of colleges, nearly all ;cond finest law court le time to spare, bent f accordingly. There ;eks is well rewarded, )n and New York on so varied and so con in an hour or so, and md along King to St further walk up Yonge ent new City Hall and -sity Avenue, past the Pailiament Buildings, College, Wycliffe Col- be found ; thence out ., with a side diversion Normal School square ; of the central part of cial glimpse of course, tlying quarters. i The street railway will supply a further and more comprehensive viesv. The Belt line trip is to be recommended, and the King Street route, returning by Queen to Parliament and up Parliament to Carlton, and along Cailton and College as far as the bridges in the far West End, thence dowfi Dundas Street and Queen, to the stait- ing point. Toronto old, Toronto new, Toronto's shabby quarters and Toron- to's best can all be caught sight of by these trips. By far the best method is to engage a cab by the day or half day, and take in the city leisurely, stopping and visiting buildings in which more than ordinary interest is felt. The routes fol- lowed by Bond's "tally-ho's,"or"four- ,, , church strket. n ^ •^«t -If 4 -, ^^ ■'* ;■>> - - . -.rtMKli'.^I^R^ ^*r^^^?^;S*«^3Uj.,^ ■■■"■" - ■ /4i ^*^,iwsf''^i'':*i ums8^im,r^'-m_ j-aini i«ife«^^^ gteiaito-L^ ta""'fe;>*3 ir-.- so TORONTO. in-hands," — which call at the leading hotels on King Street and in the neighborhood of the Union Station, are to be highly commended, both for their comprehensiveness and economy of time and money. The forenoon drive, which, like that in the afternoon, covers two-and-a-half or three hours, practically begins, so far as particular objects of interest are concerned, at the corner of Front and Yonge Streets, with the Board of Trade Building on the north-east corner, the Bank o^ Montreal on the north-west, and the Custom House on the southwest ; thence the route leads along Front, past some of the great warehouses ; up Church, past the Toronto Bank to King (where at the noitheast corner is seen St. James Cathedral, with the tallest spire in America,) along King to Toronto, at the head of which is the General Post Office ; along Adelaide, passing the splendid Freehold Loan Building on the right, to Yonge ; up Yonge past the Yonge Street Arcade to Rich- mond ; along Richmond, which is fronted for a block by the Confederation Life Buildings, to Vic- toria; thence to Queen and up Bond, (with the Metropolitan Church, the principal Methodist Church in Toronto, and further on St. Michael's Cathedral, the leading Roman Catholic Church on the right) to the Normal School, where a stop is made to examine the museum. Then on to Church, to Gerrard ; past the Horticultural Gardens and pavilion ; then to Sherbourne and across a bridge over a beautiful ravine, to picturesque Rosedale ; returning by Huntley Street bridge to Jarvis, down it to Carlton and College Streets, which are followed to Queen's Park, at the head of the magnificent University Avenue. In Queen's Park, are pissed the new Parliament Buildings (where a stop to inspect the interior is made) and various large and elegant Colleges. Thence the route follows Hoskin Avenue to St. George Street, up it to Bloor, at the corner of which is Mr. George Gooderman's palatial residence ; thence along Bloor to Spadina Aveniie and down it, rounding the crescent, where stands Knox I'resbyterian College, to College Street ; along College Street to Bathurst, down Bathurst to King, along King, passing the ^lassey-Harris agricultural machinery shops, the largest luachinery shops under the British flag ; through the subway under TORONTO. 61 iborhood of the Union economy of time and d-a-half or three hours, Lt the corner of Front corner, the Bank o^ e the route leads along ank to King (where at .merica,) along King to le, passing the splendid Street Arcade to Rich- Life Buildings, to Vic- le principal Methodist nan Catholic Church on (1. Then on to Church, ne and across a bridge Street bridge to Jarvis, rk, at the head of the Parliament Buildings ;ant Colleges. Thence \t the corner of which ia Avenue and down it, ; Street ; along College ssey-Harris agricultural lugh the subway under the railway; past the Mercer Reformatory, to the Dufferin Street entrance of the Industrial Exhibi- tion Grounds, a large area with many fine buildings and curving avenues. Then back via King Street to Portland Street, and down by Wellington Place to Spadina ; then up to King and past the Arlington Hotel to Simcoe Street (where on one cor- ner is the Lieut. - Governor's residence and grounds, and on the other the beauti- ful St. Andrew's Church) and then to the hotels. The afternoon route varies a little from the forenoon. The chief points of variation are the ex- clusion of Rosedale and the inclusion of MOULTON ladies' COLLEGE, BLOOR ST. I 'i m li'-i 62 TORONTO. ii=i^ ; i.'if I a drive by way of College Street, over the Dundas bridges and through High Park, and back by the j Lake Shore Road and King Street. Toronto's configuration and topography scarcely admit of a bird's-eye view of the whole city. Good views are obtained from the head of Bathurst Street, or from the commons on the brow of the escarpment a little to the eastward of that street, and from various other points easily acces- sible by street car, and on the heights above the city. From the University towers, and from various tall buildings in the upper part of the city, excellent views are obtained. Down town the elevators of the Canada Life lead to an excellent view ; and by the somewhat tedious climbing of the winding stairs of the lofty St. James Cathedral tower, city and bay, and the ocean like expanse of lake beyond, lie before the eye ; in summer, the bay dotted with steamers and sailing craft of all kinds and innumerable boats gliding hither and thither, and in winter, whenever the bay is frozen over, sprinkled with skaters and ice boats, from where the blue waves of the lake beat against the ice at the western channel to where the concave line of ice at the eastern gap marks the dividing line between the ice and the inflowing tides of Lake Ontario, whose broad bosom is but a waste of lonely waters, without the smoke of steamer or the white wings of sailing vessels spread before the wintry breeze. A small fee to the man in charge of the ascent to towers of observation is often not umcceptable, of course. The Parks. Toronto has a large acreage in parks, though the area might be better distributed with regard to the comfort and convenience of a large portion of the population. There are many shady square?, though none yet in the centre of the city. Clarence Square near Spadina, and Denison Square further north, near College, are examples of beautiful outlying breathing places and play- grounds. A small and beautiful park overlooks the Don. Bellwoods, a beautiful ravine in the TORONTO. 68 ligh Park, and back by the -eye view of the whole city, le commons on the brow of s other points easily acces- Jniversity towers, and from obtained. Down town the mewhat tedious climbing of id the ocean like expanse of ners and sailing craft of all whenever the bay is frozen of the lake beat against the tern gap marks the dividing broad bosom is but a waste sailing vessels spread before to towers of observation is itter distributed with regard n. There are many shady ear Spadina, and Denison breathing places and play- s, a beautiful ravine in the west end, behind Trinity College, and spanned by tasteful wooden bridges, is a small but most at- tractive resort. The Reservoir Park, lying to the north of Rosedale, is a place well worthy of a visit, both lor itself and for its picturesque surroundings. 'I'he Horticultural Gardens, comprising ten acres of ground, and lying on the east side of Church Street and south side of Carlton, are well laid out. The Industrial Exhibition Grounds are, except when in use for exhibition purposes, open to the public. The three chief parks in the city are, however, the Queen's Park, High Park and the Island. Queen's Park and Its Buildings. •; Queen's Park reaches from College .Street on the south to /Bloor Street on the north, over a /distance of two thirds of a mile. .Passing its front is College Street ^3r College Avenue, once guarded at its Yonge Street entrance by tgates. Up from the south comes •University Avenue, of great width and lined by rows of noble trees. Its excellent roadway is -a favorite drive and its asphalted pavement a great resort for pedestrians, while its shady lawns are much frequented by people whiling the time away. Facing the head of the Avenue are VICTOKIA COJ.LEliE, gLKK.NS I'AKIv. 54 ! |:1l "'':! TORONTO. The Parliament Buildings, t I'l a noble and imposing pile recently constructed at a cost of over $1,250,000. The stone is of rich brown color, and has a mo^t pleasing effect. The principal frontage is 435 feet, with a depth of 260 feet, and the area over 76,000 square feet. The centre fa- <^ade measures about 125 feet. The main entrance is composed of three arches, 18 feet wide and 26 feet high, and is flanked by great towers rich in design and crown- ed with domes of copper, suggesting, on the whole, Moor- ish architecture. The side entrances are models of beauty. The interior, with its spacious corridors, and lofty and beauti- fully decorated Legis- JAKVIS STUEKT. TORONTO. 05 . The stone is of rich 35 feet, with a depth of ^ LIEUT. -OOVEBNOR'S KESIDEXCE. ;«! U 'I III * If! ! Si! 56 TORONTO. lative Chamber, is well worthy of inspection. In the buildings are located all the departmental offices, excepting those of the Minister of Education, which are in the Normal School. University ColleKe. To the left, at a short distance, are the the University Buildings, a noble pile, the purest ex ample of Norman architecture in America, and worthy to be ranked with the college buildings of Oxiord. The buildings were erected during the years 1854-59. In 1890 they were partially de. stroyed by fire, but were soon restored and considerable additions made. The general outline of the building approaches that of a square, the north side left open to the park. The main frontage to the souih is about 300 feet long, with a massive Norman tower in its centre, 120 feet in height. The east and west sides— the latter the students' quarters, are each 260 feet in length. The main tower in front is pierced by an entrance wonderful in the elaborateness of its stone designs. The Affiliated ColleKes. Wycliffe College is a fine brick structure lying to the north eastward of University College. It was established in the interest of the Church of England. The Jiaptist College, McMaster Hall, is on Hloor Street, neai the north-western corner of the J'ark. Victoria College, the chief educa- tional institution of the Methodists, is in the northeast portion of the park. Further south, and just outside of the eastern limit of the park, is St. Michael's College, under Roman Catholic aus pices. Near University College, and south of it, across the spacious lawn where college athletics are practised to the full, are the University Library, a fire-proof building with tiers Of iron shelves, the School of Practical .Science, and various other educational institutions, including a well-equipped Biological building constructed of light stone and of elegant design. The colleges are affiliated with Toronto University, a body in the Senate of which they are all represented. TORONTO. m 'd all the departmental lal School. )ble pile, the purest ex he college buildings of they were partially de- The general outline of . The main frontage itre, 1 20 feet in height, t in length. The main s stone designs. of University College. ;^ollege, jMcM aster Hall, College, the chief educa- rk. Further south, and er Roman ("atholic aus lere college athletics are iers df iron shelves, the :luding a well-equipped le colleges are affiliated ;nted. 'if 4 The Toronto Magnetic and Meteorological Observatory buildings, very modest in appearance, lie immediately south of University College grounds Here are the headciuatters of the Meteoro- logical Service of Canada, and from here are issued daily the predictions and storm warnings of "Old Probabilities." The observatory, it is worthy of remark, was the first mag- netic observatory es- tablished in America, and it, and its twin observatory at Mel- bourne, (they were both established in 1 841) are the oldest magnetic observa- tories in the world. Facing the south- ern entrance to the park is a huge statue of Sir John Macdon- ald, long the Premier of the Dominion. Other monuments are the statue of the «,,, ,,kok„b street. 68 TORONTO. Hon. George Brown, and the statues erected to the memory of tlie Canadian volunteers who fell in repeli-.ig the Fenian invasion of 1866 and in the Northwest Rebellion of 1885. Under the old trees of this spacious park, which in parts has jiroperly been left in somewhat of its pristine wildness, is a fine pavilion from whence brass bands discourse their music. Seats and benches abound, and the shady lawns are everywhere, in fine weather, sprinkled with men women and children, and the paths and roadways ave much frequented by bicyclists. High Park. This beautiful area of 320 acres, which forms the westernmost part of Toronto, is a magnificent stretch of hill and dale, covered in large part with primeval forest, u'lJerneath whicii shrubbery, ferns and wild flowers are in rich profusion. Here lies the famous Grenadier I'ond, and the mur- mur of I abbling brooks can be heard the whole year round. The park was donated to the city by the late f. G. Howard, Architect, and here beside his wife he lies in a massive stone mausoleum, surrounded by a railifig which once formed part of the railing around St. Paul's Cathe Jral, London, England. Just beyond this park, which is more and more frequented both in summer and winder by thousands of bicyclists, is the Humber River valley, a great resort for picnics and excursions, and furnished with hotels, boat-houses and many other things that minister to the enjoyment of a day's outing. Good fishing, romantic drives and walks, and the placid beauty of an elm shaded, mirror-like river, are here found. The park is quickly reached by street railway, and also by a ferry boat in summer. Toronto Island. Every one who can spare the time goes to the Island, simply for the sake of a sail, else for the enjoyment to be found there, or on hot days to reach the cooling lake zephyrs, or because he lives there, as several thousands do during the summer months. The island is a long sandbar TORONTO. 59 ;rs who fell in nder the old itine wildness, 1 abound, and dren, and the KDIX'ATION" DKI'AUrMEN T. I K M w hi 60 TORONTO. stretcliing from the eastern gap westward around by Gibraltar point, and then northward until finally ending its stretch of over four miles in a lon-^ sandy finger, that all but touches the city's front at the (Queen's Wharf. If there is a Gibraltar point there is no Gibraltar look about the island. Its appearance, (it is but a few feet above water, and intersected by many lagoons and canals,) is more like that of Venice, notwithstanding the trees, planted numerously in the past twenty years, that rise above most of tiie house tops. Hanlan's Point, with its fine hotel (the old home of the great oarsman), aid its theatre, merry-go round, and other attractions, which every night include a band concert and a variety of shows, is often frequented by ten or twenty thousand people at a time. A way leads south, lined by pretty summer cottages, down to Gibraltar Point and round by the lake beach, to what is known as Centre Island. 'Pne lake beach here is a favorite resort for families. 'Phe water shoals very gradually out, miking the resort a safe place for children. Centre Island has its streets, crossing canals and lagoons, its dewy meadows, its rush-filled, lily-clad ponds, its umbrageous shades, its grocery, fruit, ice cream and confectionery shops, its hotel, numerous cot- tages, and an excellent park, known as the Island Park, and covered open glade fashion, except where grounds for baseball are allowed, by a fine plantation of trees. Here, in the still lagoons that reach one after the other over towards Hanlan's Point, beating may be enjoyed without risk. Further east on the bay side is the summer home of the Royal Canadian Yacht Club, a handsome building, which makes a fine appearance from the city. Beyond " (Centre Island " 'Poronto Island reaches in a narrow width to the eastern gap. Still the houses and grounds continue, and on the lake side is a great wooden pier, filled in and protected lakeward by heavy rocks, and riveted by iron bars, which sometimes hive been twisted and contorted by the violence of winter waves. At the eastern extremity of the island are the Wiman Halhs, the lake side cold, the lagonr. un ll" bay side warm as the waters of Florida. 'Phen comes the eastern gap with its niussive piers. 'Phe Island is at all times in summer well provided with entertainment, and is a most popular resort for familv ■>'» - rii fc TO HO y TO. (il ■li II i TORONTO. UMVEliSnV. I r 1 1 r llii; G2 TORONTO. and other picnics. At sunset and later on, when the cahn bay and the lagoons change from crim- son through the whole range of color, till the waters reflect in long streamers the moonlight and the jets, white yellow, red, blue and green of island and city lights, the west end of the island swarms with people, and to the visitor who has a few days to spend in the city, the night scene will prove most attractive Ferry boats run at short intervals from various points on the city's front to various points on the Island. Educational Institutions. To the visitor interested specially in Educational matters, there are mnny institutions beside the splendid group in and around Queen's Park, which are worthy of attention. Knox College, the great Prest)yterian centre, and affiliated with the University, is a larre and tasteful building, occupying a circular enclosure, around which reach two arms of Spadina Avenue, not half a mile due west of the Parliament Buildings. It forms a prominent object from every point of view on Spadina Avenue. Further west and south, on Queen .Street, are the spacious grounds and fine buildings of 'Piinity College, a Church of England institution having University powers of its own. There are also ladies' colleges, ('hurch of ICngland, liaptist and Presbyteriin. Loretto Abbey, a fine pile on Wellington Place south of King, is the loading Roman Catholic seminary for young ladies There are three High Schools or Collegiate Institutes in the city, one east on Jarvis Street, one west in Parkdale, an i a third on Harbord Street, west of IJathurst Street, a very fine building and- the lar- gest institution of the kind in the Dominion. The public schools number over fifty, and there are, besides, a numijer of sei^rate schools, which are under government inspection and control, and are supported by th? school taxesof Rom m Catholic ratep-iyers, under supervision of a Separate School board. The public schools of the city have a continental renown and are the boast of 'I'orontonians. The central otifices of the board and inspectors are on York Street, be' ween King and Queen Streets. ! «1A. TORONTO. ♦53 iitions beside iMCMASTKK HALL. 'J^V'.,;^.,'" .' ' ' ' ' '•A^'i'LV kTVjJC?-'''^"' '""''■ '' ^'M'5'5S!ry?-.-r4^.T''^^^^!t^^*iTxT-'^''"'"V':'^^''-' 64 TORONTO. Connected with the Educational Department, there is a School of Pedagogy and a Normal School with a Model School connected with it, on the beautiful St. James' Square. In the Normal School buildings is the Educational Museum, one of the most interesting sights of the city. It contains specimens of objects in Natural History, a great variety of maps, charts, scientific appar- ata, and all the most modern appliances of education. The collection of copies of celebrated Italian, Dutch and Fleiiish oil paintings and engravings is extensive. Assyrian art is a conspicuous feature, and there are other numerous groups of statuary, ancient and modern, including busts of English, Canadian, and ancient Greek and Roman personages. Free admission is obtained from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. North of Queen's Park, at the head of Avenue Road, and beyond the escarpment behind the city, is the Upper Canada College building, a stately pile recently erected. The college was founded in 1829, and is famous as having been the training school of very many of the most promi- nent men connected with the affairs of the Dominion. * Medical Institutions. Torjnto Medical College and Trinity Medical College, are situated on Gerrard Street, close to the General Hospital Down town, on Bay Street, is the fine home of the College of i'hysicians and Surgeons of Ontario, and an excellent medical library. Besides the General Hospital and St. Michael's Hospital there are a number of smaller hospitals, public and private. On Temperance Street, between Hay and Vonge, is the Ontario Veterinary Co'lege, the 'argest institution of the kind in either the British Empire or the United States. Toronto has a College of Pharmacy, Dental College, and a number of musical academies, and a large variety of private schools. TORONTO. 66 Down Town Buildingrs of Note. The round of Toronto's down-town business quarter reveals not only the fine array of block upon block of handsome wholesale, retail and other buildings such as are found in any large city, but several buildings that would be noticeable on the finest streets in the world. The Canada Life build- ing, the massive Several colossal re- tail ahops are also worthy of mention. Amongst public buildings the new Court House and City Hall on Queen Street, and looking down Bay Street, is perhaps the finest building in the city, and is a most mas- sive pile, varied by tower, turret, and a rich variety in angle, color and ornament. It is one of the most imposing municipal buildings in the world. Osgoode Hall, a little further west, and looking down York Street, is, with its peculiar architecture, rich mosaic floors, grand stairways and corridors, elegant library, fine old por- traits, and numerous court rooms — the headquarters of law for Ontario — a very notable build- brown stone Bank of Commerce, on King Street, the Confed- eration Life, large, elegant and harmon- ious in design, on Yonge Street, the Freehold Loan on Victoria and Ade- laide Streets, are, in addition to several already referred to, amongst the number. Vl'l'EK (,'ANAUA C-*yf^ RRPmmM 68 TORONTO. Public HaUs. Public Halls are nunierouF, for Toronto is given to meetings. Resides the theatres, which are occasionally in use for the purpose of concerts, lectures, and public meetings, the I'avilion in the Horticultural Gardens, and Massey Hall, on Shuter Street, n^ar Yonge, are the most noted. Massey Hall is a fine structure, admirably adapted to the purpose for which its donor in- tended it. The acoustic properties are excellent, and it seats about 4,800 people. Toronto Exhibition Park. From King Street, down Strachan Avenue, past the Central Prison, over the railway tracks, and westward along an avenue, the visitor comes to Exhibition Park, a large enclosure, beautified by many handsome buildings, fine avenues, fountains, lawns and flower beds, and the seat of the greatest annual industrial and agricultural exhibition in America. The exhibition is held in Sep- tember for two weeksj and with its splendid exhibit of live-stock, machinery, and products of farm, orchard, vineyard, garden and factory, its races, band concerts, fireworks, and numerous amuse- ments, its throngs of . nietimes seventy-five or eighty thousand people on a single day, it is no wonder that it attracts thousands of visitors from neighboring states and provinces. The park in- cludes the site of old Fort Rouille, a fort established, when Canada was still French, to control the route tc the comparatively thickly settled country of the Hurons, near the Georgian Bay, but de- stroyed later to avoid its falling into the hand-: of the British. A monument marks the site of the old fort. The Old and New Ports. To the south and east of the Exhibition Park lie Garrison Commons, and, facing the lake, the New Fort and Barracks, where are ([uartered a portion of Canada's Regulars, infantry and cavalry. TORONTO. 69 ST. ANDRKW S CHUKCH, KIN(i ST. WKST. iPffiw i B i i . 'r-ffT' , ■ .". '^ v'T-" "^ ^ '^"'' - '''''" J ' ^ 'r' f ;" 70 TORONTO. A little farther east is the Old Fort, with its earthen embankment and old cannon, and the remains of its strong wooden palisades, projecting against the faces of any foe. Here in the war of 1812, about 200 United States soldiers v/ere killed, during the taking of the fort, by the explosion of a powder magazine. Toronto's Churches. Toronto is a city of churches, and the spires that rise on every hand, amongst the other towers of the city, add not a little to the piclures P ':lS-„ ^-. 7G TORONTO. m u •AVII.ION, IKiKTlCILTl KAI, CAKDKNS. --:M^5rV. ^^■tVJtrr.^izs- TORONTO. Industrial Exhibition. One of the greatest attractions on this continent, and certainly the greatest annual is Toronto Exhibition. Started as a yearly affair m 1879, it has gone on prospering, until from an attendance of 80,000 at its initiation it has reached an attendance of nearly 300,000, gathered from all parts of the continent, and it may fairly be said of the earth, for the annual show, that as many distinguished guests from England attend as from any other country. The grounds cover an extent of 102 acres and have on them some thir;y buildings ranging from an eighth of an acre to an acre and a half in area, and including a mon- ster grand stand, the largest on any ex hibition grounds in the world capable of comtortaDiy 'seating ixuustriai, ..xiiiiition croi nds. 78 TOUONTO. HON. (;K(). IIKOWN's MONIMKNT. TORONTO. 79 twelve thousand people. Another proof of the magnitude of Canada's most important Fair — found in the fact that from a distribution of $20,000 in prizes, the sum so distributed has swollen to close upon double that amount, not including several thou- sand dollars spent an- nually in medals, diplo- mas, and so on. In 1895 the total amount received from all sources was $86,639, while the expenses were $84,880. In 1896, both receipts and expenditures will probably be considerably greater, as more excursions are being run and the railways are giving single fares for the round trip from all pomts for both weeks, owing to the cattle being on the grounds the entire time instead of for only one week, as formerly. The total receipts for the seventeen years the Exhibition has been in existence, the present being the eighteenth, have been $1,049,680, and the expenditures $1,072,973, each made up as follows : MACHI.NKUV HALL. ! 1 !^ J ■i INI>I ^•■■<"'"'^,'m ' kia'Kii'is. Admission 1' Gn.nNa.ul! 'V'""""^''; Vi-ar. Suhsc-rip. 1 ' ir^ ""'' I'l'V'S. tions. .^paii' Cli.> :;vs. 1871) $i(...;«>.. X.i $J-.Ai'» ''.i' $ .i.f.4 1" 1S80 J4,,S(||) 5ri '•.i'),i .v"4-' V iHSi .•J.l(<)-' u.> ■.'t.i '"'; .i..ii' i.i iHSi Al.,(i 4- 1.1 '>.S "" .i.4iW "" iHHi .i.M^i "" w.., 00 (,Si I '»> 18H4 .J<>.44y i' «.,, <»1 J.<).i8 CK. iS«S .vt.7,i'( "■' 4.W i«v (,..(17 H.s iHWj ■\>-lU >H ,i')i ■i..i7' 7,i ■ 887 .S--.7H7 ,W Ii>.., iiS iS 1 , 1 .J< • >"•', ■!•>*,( 1 7.i ,m, ,S4,S,ii) OS 1 .<>.i4 "\ .f..i4'> .V> ,S;<. "5..i-'4 4.i .,.S "" 4. "47 '►•' iS.,1 l'4.",x) j,^ 7!<) '>•■! 4.II" 7.i .8.,2 7"' 175 ■"' <(.i" '"> 4.''^'( .i" iH.,i (.7.410 7.. 747 4.7.1" 4.i 1S.M o.i.o.vt 7.1 '"i .i.,i".i 7", iN,=; (K.,2.S,i 05 ■ .J«7 (K> ('..S7<' '<» •olal SXi4.4.>4 id S4.v7i« fi^ $(ifi,(i); ^h i'.\i>i;Ni)irrKi:. Spivial Ki«llts of Sail-, .S.!> .l7.i '.".i7 "..!'>.! 1.J47 '•.ill 1.814 i.8S(. 1.8(8 .i."<'.i .i.71-' .!.('- 1 4.4"7 4.«.'7 .i'> Ki'lV.^li- nu'iit Staiuls. oti-. S .^.!4" .i.S -'.TT.i "" .(.(.J.. .«. J..8,i() •») .i..i-'4 '«> ,ii.4Ji i«) ,(,j8.. o. 4;4io ... 4.1)11 5.. .i.7'ii •>' (..7J.i ... I.. ». •i.'OI. J . SI Bii'lilinK:s I aiul lExtiusioii.. !>.■ I I <'.44.S .i..S47 I iX7'> 18M. 180, .8Hj 1884 1 iKS.s iS8(i 18.S7 18S8 t8S) r8.;.i 18., I 18,.. i8.)4 iS-...i tH.1 4>- •"4 t-XJ rpwi ".i.i ■H ,,..7 7- 14 '(•>.i 22 l(> 1.) .i"i " l.t 8..(. u,8 47 : 7« .(<> 4(>ri j(. 4(1 >^•^.i 47H .ii 4) 4« 72 44 44 4'» 'O.i ..I.H -•.i 4iifv< ,, 7)1 i.i4 (>ij ,i.il 401 4'•' !>-"*,! .i'. i.H...i .I-- .i.'<,i4 '"' '..i"J .(4 ..'. 118 J I i.".i7 7-^ i».S ..S '..iM 7'^ j,8o(. i.,i i.8()i 45 .S.47.S S'7 ') <•.■; .'.i8(. .'.4,1.' .(.4.i" H.i.i 1.774 ').('' i..-4.t S.i.i ().j(i ')7') 74,.i'. . tfru ' ' ,(rfj7 o.> ..I'M -" .-•j.i,t>) .l.7«"'i ..24 41 4(4 .... **7l .i.i ,v^^- i.i O.S4 K'^ Spaix' iharn'i's witi- .iholisluil in iSJ<-i^,*!S'.,*'\;-V,'f*^Jt'.; vii:\\ IN iM»r.>ri;i \i. KMiiiiri'iciN cuni n TORONTO. 83 rRF.SIDKNT : John j. \\'illin>\v, Kst| \kK.-l'KKSimC.\TS Win. C'lirisli !•; A. Siiiilh, Kmi., \'.S BOARD OF IMRKCTORS MAXAC.KR AXn SIXRKTARV Ml. II. J. Illli. TRKASIRKR : .Mr. I. I'. I'.Jwarils. SOLICITOR : \V. tl. MiWilliams, l^sii. AIDITORS .Mr. Win. .XiiiK'i ■^oii Ml. \V. W Ci/f All /i tor. Ci/y Aiiiii/ii Ml. J. J. Withrow " .\. Smith " W. Cliiistii- " W. H. Hamilton " \V. S. Lee " Jas. (."rocker " \V. K. Wellington " R. D.ivies '• L' G. Close Aid. John FL-illain Hon. John Dryilen, >LP.l' .Mr. R. J. Score " Cieo. Rootli AkI. H. Saunders Mr. R. W. Klliol " Jos. nilwortli " W. K. MiNaiiKlit Aid. O. H. Shejip.ird xMr. S. \L B r\^y;s Dr. J. O. Orr. HONORARY niRKCTORS Capl. W. F. McMaster Aid. Ceo. MeMurrieh Hon. Sir I'rank Smith Mr. Geo. \air Aid. J. K. Leslie. „*.' *#®8K*^it'X:.-. ■ .^#*^iV-^^ ' ■•■■'■■■■ -'■■■■■.•••, ••. "'"t"^-/; w5 V k now CKANIJ STAND, INlll'STlilAJ. k.\ 11 1 1111 ION. Toronto. 85 APPENDIX. The population is shown is taken from the assessment papers, which are admittedly low In 1891 the police took a special census, showing the population to be 188,914. The po|)ulation is now about 200,000. 1M8H 1H89 181,0 Assuss.MK.sr I V, i)H.ji),S.Kii I i^'m'ki ll(),Jl.t.J(VJ j l|4.".i.i Kl'II.KINO I'krmits. AssKSS.MI'.M'. I'OI'll,.\- TION. Km HIM, I'KR.Mirs. i,j7(i.(jno -'."'•i.T'l.S -•.i,VM74 •!.,)*M.7.V' .H9. ■ S.,4 «. 47.775 «4H ijl.gl.t, U-i i,S.|.4.S'l.''><> I4'*'<|.' I.'W 1(17.4)1) 1 7' ■,(>5 1 i(»,.i«)() it'7,<>.Vt I74,.i"<» '?4, (HM,(,ni ,i.')-'i.;.s.'> I, ;«>i,H_^'i l,.1|(.Bl > sTKKKTs i.\ nn; tirv. iKSi iK.,1 iH<« ||0,8,5 mill's. •«.S"'4'i niiliN. ,'.'i'''4" I'l'lt''*. TORONTO. AKMOKIES. K. ANKOUNCEMENT. '•- •7 WITH ^' SUNLIGHT ^^ TO HELP YOU there is nothing alarming in a big wash. A big wash Iooks discouraging, but try the right Soap. SUNLIGHT SOAP, and half the labor is saved. That big wash will soon look like a pile of driven snow. ! J •i-'i 88 TORONTO. i-Zii 'jh^-:.' V^. -My tiil.UKlJK A\KNfK. ^ ' 'OUN'CEMENT. 89 The STRAND HOTEL, •y ^ Jt .^ ^* E, ]♦ EVANS, Proprietof. Noted for the Best Liquors and Cigars. Give me a Call and Test the Liquors. 8 ADELAIDE ST, EAST (just off Vonge street) . , . TORONTO . . . PRIVATE SITTING ROOHS. Telephone 1522, 90 TOliONTO. I'III'K<'H IS ST. lAMRS (EMKTKUV 'M _^_ ■■■**' 91 Telephone 1814- ANNOUNCEMENT. ™e grm mm CHAS. S. CAMPBELU PROPRIETOR. TORONTO, ONT., CANADA. Rates , $1.50 and $2.00 Per Day. :' .y-^ ,,^-y^.- -^ ■„• „. „„„.„ on ,...,. i .-„„., <.. „. ... ;;i;^;;^ USE OF GUESTS. ROOF GARDEN FOR EXCXUSIVt UL» TORONTO. BLOOli sriJKKT \\ KST. R. ANNOUNCEMENT. m R. Walker & Sons TORONTO'S POPULAR DEPARTMENTAL STORE. VISITORS To tlie Queen (^ity are woK'niiieil to this t;reiit 11 (ifiii stdre, with its tliirty deiuii'tiiionts stucked wi'h : ' f finest goods. Diioct iiiiportatious Irnm tlie \v irlcl's most fiuiiniis markets. Some of oiir spciMaltii's are : — Fine Dress Goods Fine Silks Mantles and Capes Costumes Men's Furnishings Clothing and Hats Fine Millinery Fine Shoes Fine Gloves Fine China Silverware Carpets and Curtains . . . And Furniture . . . The Quickest Mail Order Department in the Dominion. ^ R. WALKER & SONS, 33-43 king st. east. M TORONTO. \ 1 Q y^t SCBNE IN HKJJI I'AliK. 95 ANNOUNCEMENT. DlSPEWGRSPEClUm r^ririTi Physician's Coi\8ultii\9 ?arlor. . PHfcRWI^ClSTS^. , ^ . ..(^ "Pharmacy. INGHAM » K"^ 100 YONGE STREET. ill n TVHONTO. KOSEIIALK. j^UnvBc&saBSSBKn ANNOUNCEMENT, 97 FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY » > ♦<- IvARQE Stock AND IvO^iAT FR.ICES, — -*-JK-*" ARTISTIC DESIGNS AND FINE FINISH. We manufacture a large proportion of our stock in our own factory on Macdoneil Square, consequently you pay but one profit on our furniture. ALL GRADES AND ALL WELL MADE. THE CHAS. ROGERS & SONS CO. LIIwIITBD 97 YONGE STREET, IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 'V. /. ^ .^/k ■*'-.V4 J r/. 1.0 I.I UiMjA |25 1^ 1 2.2 1 m ^ 1^ 12.0 Li ! 1.25 1 u 1 ,.6 ^ 6" ► ^ ^ >; />^ % J> > .^ <^ ^''4> > .-^ '^ y I^oliographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716)872-4503 ^ ^^ V V \^ 4 y ^ ^s^ °;,^k ^v o^ o 98 ANNOUNCKMENTS. • • « 1 iXC* • • • Merchants Restaurant ->!«■ — »- • •-^, r-» — a -ilr 6 and 8 JORDAN ST., TORONTO. HENRY MORGAN, - Proprietor. ^!& This well-known Restaurant, having^ recently been enlarge! and re-fitted, is now able to cater satisfaetorily to its many friends. The Diniiig Room is commodious, and the Bill of Fare carefully arranged and choice, while the Wines, Liquors and Cigars are of the best quality. The ALES cannot be surpassed. Telephone 1090.^^ GO TO . JAMES W. PATON'S . . FOR VOUk Paints, Qils, Window Glass Brushes, flrtisls' Plalerials, Etc. 18 Adelaide Street West (Opposite the Grand Opera House.) Eatubllshed 1860. TIN6LEY & STEWART HANDF'6 CO. MANUFACTURERS OK RUBBER and METAL STAMPS For Office, Bank, Society, Lodge and General Use lo KING ST. WEST, TORONTO. White ron ciuculars. .1:1] I ¥