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 >ITARI®,4j (^B^Uixhi 
 
 •s^y •!-* i^/--* 
 
 1886 
 
 <.-^./^/^^ r/mf^ti.-g7My», 
 
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 
 
 OF THE 
 
 PROVINCE OF ONTARIO. 
 
 DOMINION OF CANADA. 
 
 PRINTED FOR THE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 1886. 
 
 M 
 
I 
 
 £ 
 I 
 1 
 I 
 1 
 I 
 I 
 I 
 T 
 Ii 
 Ii 
 
 
T 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 _ . , PAOK. 
 
 Introductory Roiuarks 
 
 The Educational System of ( )ntario » 
 
 Preliminary Information of a gonoral nature o 
 
 Municipalities in their Relation to Schools q 
 
 School Trustees-Inspectora-County Boards of Examiners-Centrai Com- 
 mittee—Teachers' Examinations— Certificatt s jq 
 
 Religious Instruction in the Schools of Ontario ............[ 17 
 
 Elementary Schools in Ontario — Kindergarten -Public Schools — Pro- 
 
 gramme of Studies — Statistics jg 
 
 The Training of Teachers- County Model Sch ools- Normal Schools— 
 
 Trammg Institutes-Teachers' Institutes- Reading Course, etc 23 
 
 Classical Schools - Higli Schools -Collegiate Institutes-Upper Canada 
 
 College g^ 
 
 Statistics of these Schools 00 on 
 
 University Legislation in Ontario, 1819-1884 ............ 41 
 
 University of Toronto and University College 43 
 
 Technical Schools-of Practical Science-of Art-of Agriculture ". 48 
 
 The Educational Museum of Oi>tario g^ 
 
 Schools for Special Classes— Deaf and Dumb -Blind ................ 52 
 
 Institutions partly aided by Governniont 55 
 
 Universities not under Provincial Control: Victoria, Coboum-Queen's 
 
 Kmgston— Trinity, Toronto— Ottawa ' qq 
 
 Statistics of these Universities ■■.■.■.■.■■ ■.■62." 65, " 68, 70 
 
 Theological Colleges in Ontario: Knox - Huron - VVycliffe- Baptist- 
 
 St. Michael's— Assumption k. 
 
 Statistics of these Theological Colleges ,]][[ n. 
 
 Classical and Literary Colleges : Albert -Woodstock-Trinitv" Coll'. School" 76 
 
 Statistics of these Colleges " " -,- 
 
 Ladies' Colleges in Ontario -„ 
 
 Medical Colleges and Schools in Ontaric. 86 
 
 Statistics of ti.ese Colleges an 
 
 Business Colleges in Ontario qn 
 
 The Magnetical and Meteorological Observatory, Toronto, , 90 
 
 Royal Military College, Kingston 92 
 
 The Law Society of Upper Canada 92 
 
 Public Libraries in Ontario qo 
 
 Indian Schools for Boys and Girls, Sault Ste. Marie 93 
 
 Boys and Girls' Homes, Toronto 94 
 
 The Orphans' Home 95 
 
 Industrial Schools, Toronto gg 
 
 Industrial Refuge for Girls 95 
 
 Ontario Ref-'-matory for Boys 9« 
 
(Official Staff. 
 
 OEPARTMEN-r OF EOUOATION, ONTARIO. 
 
 THE HONOURABLE GKOROt: WILLIAM ROSS, LL.B., 
 
 Minister of Education. 
 
 John QEOKdE Hodoins, M.A., LL.D., Deputy Minister of Education. 
 
 Alexandek Maui.iN(i, LL.B., Scvretury to the Department. 
 
 Francis .Joseph Tavi.ok, C/uV/ Clerk and Accountant. 
 
 .Samuel Pa*smore May, M.D., Supt. of Mechanics' Instilutet and Art Scliool. 
 
 COMMITTEE OF COUNCIL ON EDUCATION. 
 
 The Honoukable Olivkk Mowat, D.C.L., Q.C., Premier and Attorney-General. 
 " Geohoe Wm. Rosh, LL.B., Minister of Education. 
 
 " Timothy Blair Pardee, Q.C, Commissioner of Crown Lands. 
 
 " Christopher Finlay Fraser, Q.C, Commissioner of Public 
 
 IForks. 
 " Alkxanuer M. Ross, Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agri- 
 
 cttllure. 
 " Arthur Sturoim Hardy, Q.C, Secretary, and lieyistrar oftlu 
 
 Province, 
 
 THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE. 
 
 Professor Geoiuje Paxxon Youno, M.A., LL.D., Chairman, 
 
 James A. McLellan, M.A., LL.D., Director of Teachers' Institutes and 
 
 Inspector of Normal Schools. 
 
 John Eastwooo Hodgson, M.A., ] 
 
 John Seath, M.A., J 
 
 John J. Tilley, Inspector of Model Schools. 
 
 John C Glashan, ) 
 
 T ^ r Public School Inspectors, 
 
 John Deahness, J 
 
 James F. White, "j 
 
 Cornelius Donovan, M.A., J ^"•'^««'<"-* "/ -^'^i"*'-"'* ^'^J^ooU. 
 
 High School Inspectors, 
 
 THE NORMAL SCHOOLS. 
 Thomas Kirkland, M.A., Principal of the Normal School, Toronto. 
 John MacCabe, M.A., Principal of the Normal School, Ottawa. 
 
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Of' ONTARIO. 
 
 tilutes and 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The E.lucational progre.s.s of the Province of Ontario (formerly 
 Upper Canada) wa.s, at first, of very slow growth. ^'"""«"J 
 
 r,,, J" V^^, "" unsucce.s8ful attempt was made to endow out of the 
 
 of Hnoioo '' ^"'''*''^ ^''' *^** ?"'•?"'''" ^y ^^^••g^ "I- t« the extent 
 m'T T'"- *" ^'■^'"T' '"^^^ '" '*<=h of the four districts into 
 
 Yo;winlT"'''T.''''l^^/."u'^'^'^"^'*"^ ^ ««"t^*l University at 
 York (now Toronto). But the sale of these lands was so slow and 
 
 derivoffFn^ h'-' '^^''"'k ^"i" *'\T ^'^ «° «™*"' that the revenue 
 derived from tins source barely defrayed the cost of mana<rement 
 consequently the grammar school scheme was abandoned, as"well as 
 that respectmg the college. 
 
 In 1807 the first legislative enactment was passed, establishing 
 a clas.s,cal and mathenmtical school in each of the eight district! 
 into which Upper Canada was then divided. A grant out o the 
 
 In 181G— nine years after the establishment of the grammar 
 schools-the Legislature of Upper Canada pa^ssed the fir.t common 
 
 S/nn^' '''^'i''^"!^^ f"^ ^^^^ P^°^'"««- It appropriated 
 S ? 'r' T'^y. £5,000 sterling, per annum, for the support of the 
 schools to be estabhshed ; and provid. 1 for the management of 
 conSrned ' ^ "'*''' '^''''^ ^^ '^' inhabitants in thfSkies 
 
 W Mf^ ^T"^ ""^ Education for Upper Canada was established 
 Yorl .r' fT^ il J^"?- A'-^hdeacon Strachan, then residing 
 York (loronto). It had under its supervision the district 
 grammar schools and had also the management of the UniversUy 
 
 nnl?rT'\f • °?^ 'n"^' ^^r^«^ ^^^ ^een granted for these pur^ 
 poses by His Majesty George III. in 1798. In 1824 a small g?ant 
 was made to aid in the introduction of common and Sundav-sfhoo 
 ibranes into the less sparsely settled portions of the country I 
 was not however, until 1835 that any systematic or vigorous effort 
 educSn "^ P" ' ""'"' "^ *^' *^™^ *" establiah a system of 
 
 In 1836 a Commission was appointed, consisting of Dr Thomas 
 Duiicombe, M.P.P., Dr. Thomas D. Morrison and Dr. Bruce, to oE 
 
 2 
 
 und 
 in 
 
6 
 
 EDUCATIONAI, 8YHTEM OK ONTAUK), 
 
 evidenco and to prepare a report on a system of education for the 
 Province. An elaborate report on the suhject was prepared by Dr. 
 Dunscoinhe, and also on the state of education in the various parts 
 of tiie United States of America which he had visited. He al.so pre- 
 pared acompreliensive draft of a Bill to promote pul)lic elementary 
 education, which was printed with the report. It was introduced into 
 the House of Assembly and pa.ssed, but failed to pass the Lejjis- 
 lative Council. The political crisis which so (juickly followed and 
 culminated in the outbreak, or rebellion, of 1S.')7-S, overwhelmed 
 in confusion all le<,d,slation, and prevented further attention beinj^ 
 given to the subject for the time. 
 
 Inunediately after the urtion of the twoCanadas, that i.s, in LS+l, 
 a Bill was introduced by Solicitor-Cienoral Day (subsecjuently Hon. 
 Mr. Justice Day) into the united Parliament and pa,ssed, establish- 
 ing common schools in each of the two Provinces, and authorizing 
 the establishment of "Roman Catholic Separate Schools" in Upper 
 Canada (in cases where the teacher of the public sd ^1 was a Pro- 
 testant and vice versa); and "Dissentient Schools" in Lovver Canada 
 (in cases where the teacher of the puldic school was a Roman 
 Catholic and vice versa). 
 
 In 1842 it was considered desirable to supersede this Act by one 
 more applicable to the circumstances and wants of each Province. 
 A School Bill for each Province was accordingly passed by the 
 Legislature. The "Separate" and "Dissentient" .school provisions 
 were, however, retained in each case. 
 
 In 1844 a further impetus was given to public education in 
 Upper Canada by the appointment to the otHce of Chief Superin- 
 tendent of Education, of Rev. Egerton Ryorson, D.D., who speedily 
 set himself to reconstruct, upon a broader and more comprehensive 
 basi.s, the entire .system of public elementary .schools. As a prelimin- 
 ary step he devoted a year to the examination and comparison of 
 the systems of education in Europe and America, and embodied the 
 results in a " Report on a System of Public Elementary Instruction 
 in Upper Canada." This valuable report, presented to the House of 
 A.ssembly in 1846, sketches in an able manner the .system of educa- 
 tion which Dr. Ryerson subsequently so successfully e.stablished in 
 the Province. 
 
 The system may be said to be a combination of the best elements 
 of the systems of several countries. Thus the Province is, in a great 
 degree, indebted to New York for the machinery of our schools ; to 
 Massachusetts for the principle of local taxation upon which the 
 schools are supported; to Ireland (originally) for the series of text- 
 books ; and to Germany for the system of Normal School training. 
 All are, however, so modified and blended together to suit the 
 wants and circumstances of the country, that they are no longer 
 foreign, but are incorporated as part and parcel of our system of 
 Public Instruction. 
 
ion for the 
 red by Dr. 
 
 rious parts 
 I»! also pre- 
 jlementary 
 xliicod into 
 tlie Logis- 
 lowed and 
 orwlieluiod 
 tion beinif 
 
 is, in IS+l, 
 ently Hon. 
 , cstabli.sh- 
 iUthorizing 
 " in Upper 
 was a I'ro- 
 ,'er Canada 
 a Roman 
 
 Act by one 
 
 Province. 
 
 <ed by the 
 
 provisions 
 
 ucation in 
 : Suporin- 
 speedily 
 ^rehen.sive 
 iproliniin- 
 parison of 
 bodied the 
 nstruction 
 3 House of 
 of educa- 
 blished in 
 
 t elements 
 in a (ifreat 
 chools ; to 
 which the 
 3S of text- 
 1 training, 
 suit the 
 no longer 
 system of 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTAHIO. f 
 
 THK KDIICATIONAL SYSTKM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 . ?'';'^.,^'=^'',«' system of Ontario will now be considered somewhat 
 in detail, hducation is one of the subjects within the exclu.sive 
 jurisdiction ot the Provinces which compo.se the Confederation of 
 Canada. 
 
 The administration of the E.lucational System of Ontario is 
 provided tor by statute (48 Vic, ch. 48), as follows :— 
 
 "}; '{.'"7^'^'"^" !'« "• l^epartment of Education, which shall 
 consist ot the Executive Council, or a Committee thereof appointed 
 by the Lieutenant-Governor; and one of the .said Executive Coun- 
 ''ai t*^ !^f 'V'V""'^^'-".' Kv tlie Lioutenant-Uovernor, .shall hold the 
 othco of Minister ot Education.' (R. S. O. c. 20:j, .s. 1.) 
 
 '■ 2. The office of Minister of Education may bo hold by a mem- 
 ber ot the Executive Council holding no other office ; and notwith- 
 standing any salary attached thereto, he shall be capable of beine 
 elected and sitting and voting as a member of the Legislative 
 Assembly ; or sucli office may be held in connection with any other 
 office held by a member of the Executive Council; and any of the 
 po\yers and duties of the said office may be as.signed for a limited 
 period, or otherwise, to any other of the members of the Executive 
 
 wlsT (rI^S a c.Y03 s'2r'''^'^^^ *'^''' ^^ "*'"' ^' ^^^''■ 
 
 The Educational Institutions in Ontario are as follows :— 
 L ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. 
 
 1. Kl.VDERUAKTBN.S. 
 
 2. Public Sc.hools, including Roman Catholic Separate Schools. 
 THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. 
 
 II 
 
 County Model Schools. 
 2. Provincial Normal and Model Schools. 
 J. High School Training Institutes. 
 
 4. County Teacheh.s' In.stitute.s. 
 
 5. Teachers' Reauino Cour.se. 
 Ontario Teachers' A.s.sociation. 
 
 
 
 III. 
 
 CLASSICAL SCHOOLS. 
 
 1. County High Schools. 
 
 2. Collegiate Institutes. 
 
 3. Upper Canada College. 
 
 IV. THE UNIVERSITY. 
 
 1. Univer.sity College. 
 
 2. The University of Toronto. 
 
 V. TECHNICAL SCHOOLS. 
 
 1. School of Practical Science. 
 
 2. The Ontario School of Art. 
 
 3. The School of Agriculture. 
 
 VI. SCHOOLS FOR SPECIAL CLASSES. 
 
 1. Institution for the Deaf and Dumb 
 
 2. Institution for the Blind. 
 
8 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 VII. INSTITUTIONS PARTLY AIDED BY GOVSRNMENT. 
 
 1. The Canadian Institute. 
 
 2. Institute Canadien. 
 
 3. Mechanics' Institutes. 
 
 4. Ontario Society of Artists. 
 
 5. Local Art Schools. 
 
 6. Literary and Scientific Society, Othi-va. 
 
 7. Hamilton Association. 
 
 8. The Entomological Society of Ontario. 
 
 VIII. UNIVERSITIES, COLLEGES, AND SCHOOL NOT UNDER. 
 PROVINCIAL CONTROL. 
 
 1. Universities : 
 
 Victoria, at Cobourg. 
 Queen's, at Kingston. 
 Trinity College, at Toronto. 
 Ottawa College. 
 Western, at London. 
 
 2. Theological Colleges : 
 
 Knox, at Toronto (Presbyterian). 
 Huron, at London (Church of England). 
 Wycliffe, at Toronto " 
 
 McMaster Hall, at Toronto (Baptist). 
 St. Michael's, at Toronto (Roman Catholic). 
 Assumption, at Sandwich " 
 
 3. Classical and L;terary Colleges, etc. : 
 
 Albert College, at Belleville. 
 Woodstock College. 
 Te'nity College School, at Port Hope. 
 St. Michael's (in part). 
 
 4. Ladies' Colleges : 
 
 Alexandra (department), at Belleville. 
 Alma, at St. Thomas. 
 Bishop Strachan School, at Toronto. 
 Ladies' College, at Brantford. 
 Hellmuth College, at London. 
 WtsLEYAN Ladies' College, at Hamilton. 
 Ontario " " Whitby. 
 
 The " " Ottawa. 
 
 Demill " " Oshawa. 
 
 Woodstock (department). 
 Loretto Abbey, Toronto. 
 
 " Convent, at Hamilton. Lindsay, and Niagara Falls- 
 
 St. Joseph's Academy, Toronto. 
 
 5. Medical Schools, etc. : 
 
 The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario. 
 
 Toronto School of Medicine. 
 
 Trinity Medical School. 
 
 Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons. 
 
 College of Pharmacy. 
 
 School of Dentistry of the Royal College of De.'Jtal 
 
 Surgeons. 
 Women s Medical Colleges, Kingston and Toronto. 
 Ontario Veterinary College. 
 
 6. BusiNE.ss Colleges : 
 
 At Belleville, 1 ; Brockville, 1 ; Chatham, 1 ; Guelph, 1 ; 
 Hamilton, 2; Kingston, 1; London, 1; Peterboro", 1 ; 
 Toronto, 2 ; Owen Sound, 1. 
 
 IX. MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
PKELIMINARY INFOKMATION. 
 
 1. 
 2. 
 ti. 
 4i. 
 5. 
 6. 
 
 PRELIMINARY INFORMATION. 
 
 Before entering into details respecting the Elementary Scho- Is 
 under the direction of the Department of Education, a brief sketch 
 IS here given of the municipal system of Ontario, so far as it affects 
 tftese schools ; and also some particulars as to school officers the 
 examination and granting of certificates to teachers, and religious 
 instruction in the schools, etc. This information is given unde? the 
 toJlowmg heads : — a ^ 
 
 The Municipal System as applied to the Schools. 
 Public School Trustees and their Duties. 
 Public School Inspectors and their Duties. 
 County Boards of Examiners and their Duties. 
 The Central Committee and its Functions. 
 Teachers' Examinations for Certificates. 
 
 7. Classes of Certificates to Teachers. 
 
 8. Religious Instruction in the Schools. 
 
 9. Miscellaneous. 
 
 I. Municipalities in their Relation to Schools. 
 
 The Province of Ontario possesses a system of municipal, or local, 
 selt-goyernment which is uniform throughout the Province. While 
 nnnnTl /' "" r' ^^'^^"pnient, and thoroughly practical, it rests 
 upon the free action of the ratepayers in each municipality. The 
 organization comprises the (1) minor municipal corporations, con- 
 sisting of townships, being rural districts of an area of eight or ten 
 square miles, with a population of from tnree to six thousand- 
 (2 villages with a population of over seven hundred and fifty ; and 
 {3) towns with a population of over two thousand. Such of these 
 
 rw^wl^P""'"^. "^'^^^^ ^ ^^'S^'' ^^«*"«<^' *«™ed a county, consti- 
 tute (4) the county municipality, which is under the government of 
 a council composed of the heads of the different minor municipali- 
 ties in such counties as have already been constituted in tho 
 wtTnTvf- ^'^ ^JH-' ^'' ^«*fblished from the growth of towns, 
 when their population exceeds ten thousand, and their municipa 
 jurisdiction is akin to that of counties and towns combined. 
 
 The functions of each municipality are commensurate with their 
 
 ZT i'f ^'.f '*•''• • ^^"' "^^""^'P^^ organization has been readHy 
 
 education '^^i'''''^'^^^^' ot a popular or national system of 
 
 ,. ^\l ^^l: ^^- Ryerson, who, in February of the year 1876 retired 
 rom the office o Chief Superintendent ot" Education, after thtt^ 
 
 three years ot able s-.rvice and devotion in founding and developing 
 e's^ffoH V; -^T 'V^"^''^ Instruction, thus describes the faS 
 
 «nl?£ 1 V ^'-'-'-!f*^*^:""-' P'-^i'-'^^ by this municipal system, in 
 
 an address delivered m the year 1851 : f j ^. 
 
10 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 " It is in Upper Canada (now Ontario) alone that we have a complete and 
 uniform system of municipal organization, from the smallest incorporated village 
 to the largest city, and from the feeblest school section and remotest township 
 to the largest county or union of counties— the one rising above the other, but 
 not superseding it— the one merging into the other for purposes of wider expan- 
 sion and more extensive combination. By their constitution, the municipal and 
 school corporationa are reflections of the sentiments and feelings of the people 
 within their respective circles of jurisdiction, and their powers are adequate to 
 meet all the economic exigencies of such municipality, whether of schools or 
 roads, of the difi'uaion of knowledge, or the development of wealth. 
 
 2. School Trustees and their Duties. 
 
 In each minor municipality, such as a township, local School 
 Corporations for the township, or for a section thereof, at the option 
 of the ratepayers, are established, and these are managed by trus- 
 tees elected by the ratepayers, who are liable for the support of the 
 public schools in their respective localities and are practically the 
 owners of them. The trustees appoint the teachers, who must 
 possess the qualifications required by the Department. They 
 arrange and pay the salary ; purchase the school site (which may 
 be acquired compulsorily); build the school-house, and estimate 
 (within certain restrictions) for coll- ction by the Township Council 
 the rates for all funds which, in their judgment, are required tor 
 public school purposes. They are under obligation to provide 
 adequate school accommodation, as defined by the Regulations 
 of the Education Department, for two-thirds of the actual resident 
 children of school age within the school division; to employ 
 the required number of qualified teachers ; to permit the children 
 of all residents, between the ages of five and twenty-one, to 
 attend school free of charge ; they are bound to keep the schools 
 open the whole year, except during vacations, and to send to the 
 Inspectors and the Department the returns and reports required 
 by the Law and Regulations. They are also empowered to dismis,s. 
 refractory pupils ; and, where practicable, to remove them to an 
 Industrial School. They are required to visit from time to time the 
 schools under their charge, to see that they are conducted according 
 to law and that no unauthorized text-book is used. 
 
 Similar powers and obligations reside with the School Boards 
 in cities, towns and villages. These Boards can raise the sum;* 
 required for school purposes only by requisition, according to their 
 own estimate, upon the Council of the Municipality, which is bound 
 (under certain conditions) to levy, by rate, the amount required by 
 the trustees. The Council of the County Municipality is entrusted 
 with additional specific duties in respect of the townships, towns, 
 and villages within the county, the most important being to levy 
 by rate an amount equal to the Legislative grant for education, 
 both amounts being solely devoted to the payment of teachers 
 salaries. The County Council also appoints one or more Inspectors 
 for each county, who must possess the qualifications required by the 
 law and General Regulations of the Department ; pays one-half of 
 their salaries 'and reasonable travelling expenses, the other half 
 
PRELIMINARY INFORMATION. 
 
 11 
 
 being paid out of Provincial funds ; and appoints two members of 
 a County Board of Examineis for the 'professional examination of 
 third-class (or lowest grade) teachers. 
 
 3. Inspectors and their Duties. 
 
 The County, City, and Town Councils, in appointing Inspectors, 
 are limited to such teachers as possess certificates of eligibility, 
 granted by the Department, and to two classes only, viz., (1) holders 
 of First-class Provincial Certificates, Grade A ; and (2) Graduates 
 in Alts, with first-class honor.s, of any of the Universities in the 
 Province, who furnish evidence of having taught successfully for 
 five years, of which three at least must have been spent in a public 
 school. 
 
 County Inspectors. — The County Inspector's duties are to inspect 
 every school at least once in each term ; to spend half a day in each 
 school ; to satisfy himself as to the progress made by the pupils from 
 time to time; to examine into the methods of instruction pursued 
 by the teacher ; to teach a few model lessons himself ; to ascertain 
 the nature of the discipline exercised by the teacher ; to examine 
 the registers, also the apparatus, seats and desks, and all the inter- 
 nal and external equipments of the school-house ; to report to the 
 trustees in regard to such matters as require their attention; to 
 give such advice as may be deemed npces.sary ; to see that no un- 
 authorized text-books are used in the school; to withhold the 
 school grant in certain cases ; to apportion the school grants accord- 
 ing to the average school attendance of pupils ; to decide complaints 
 on certain conditions ; to g ;ant, on examination, temporary certifi- 
 cates ; to suspend a certificate if necessary ; to visit the County 
 Model School at least twice in each term ; and to report on the 
 state of the schools to the Department, and generally to see that 
 the Laws and Regulations are observed ; make the apportionment 
 of the Legislative and County Grants equivalent to each school ; 
 to act as Chairman of the Examining Board of his district ; investi- 
 gate, confirm, or set aside the rural school elections ; to call meetings 
 of ratepayers ; decide disputes ; to suspend teachers' certificates, for 
 cause. 
 
 City and Town Impcctors.— The Inspector of every city or town 
 shall, in addition, perform such other duties as may be imposed 
 upon him by the local Board of School Trustees. 
 
 4. County Boards of Examiners and their Duties. 
 
 Each County Board of Examiners consists of the Examiners 
 appointed by the County Council, and the In.spector or Inspectors 
 of the county and the Inspectors of any city or town within the 
 limits of the county, and two other Exammers. They must possess 
 the qualifications prescribed by the Regulations, viz., they must 
 have had three years' experience as teachers in a public or high 
 school and hold a First-class Provincial Certificate, or a Degree in 
 Arts from any chartered university in the Province of Ontario, or a 
 
12 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 certificate as head master of a high school. Their functions are to 
 examine candidates within their localities for Third-class Pro- 
 fessional Certificates, at the close of each session of the County 
 Model or Training Schools ; to investigate all appeals against the 
 action of any Inspector in their jurisdiction who suspends a 
 teacher's certificate, and to exercise a general supervision over the 
 County Model School. 
 
 5. The Central Committee and its Functions. 
 
 The Central Committee of Examiners is appointed by the 
 Department, and consists of High, Public and Separate School 
 Inspectors, two each, the Inspector of County Model Schools, the 
 Director of Teachers' Institutes and a Chairman. Their chief 
 functions are to prepare papers for the Professional and Non-Pro- 
 fessional Examinations for each class of Public School Teachers' 
 Certificates, and to peruse and value the answers of candidates for 
 First-class Certificates. Sub-Examiners are appointed to aid in 
 reading and reporting upon the answers for the Third and Second- 
 class Non-Professional Examinations. 
 
 Instructions to the Examiners. — The Examiners are guided by 
 the following instructions from the Department: — The questions 
 in each subject are to be framed by the Examiners, not with 
 reference to any high standard for competitive examination, but 
 solely to show whether the pupil is qualified or not for the position, 
 having regard to his proficiency or deficiency in answering questions 
 framed for this purpose in the prescribed subjects. All Examiners 
 should, therefore, be careful, when judging the answers, not to do 
 so by such a standard as should govern in competitive examina- 
 tions intended to test the respective merits of the different candi- 
 dates for some special honor, but as a means of determining 
 whether a fair average knowledge is possessed by the candidate. 
 
 6. Teachers' Examinations for Certificates. 
 
 There are two examinations for granting certificates : one held 
 at the High Schools, for testing the literary attainments of the 
 candidates, to be known as the Non-Professional Examination ; the 
 other, at a County Model School for Third-class Teachers ; at a 
 Provincial Normal School for Second-class Teachers; and at a 
 Training Institute for First-class Teachers, to be known as the 
 Professional Examination for each class respectively. 
 
 Third Cl((Ns. — Candidates for a Third-class Non-Professional 
 Teachers' Certificate will be examined in the following subjects as 
 prescribed for Form I. of the High School Course of Study, viz, : — 
 No.s. 1-10, 19, 20 and 21, with an option between 15, or 17, or 18, 
 and group 12 and 14 : — 
 
 1. Reading (oral) and Principles of. — A general knowledge of the prin- 
 ciples of elocution ; reading with proper expression, emphasis, inflection, and 
 force. 
 
PRELIMINARY INFORMATION. 
 
 13 
 
 1 .u O^^ooKAPHY AND Orthobpy.— The pronunciation, the Bvllabication. 
 and the ape ing from dictation, of passages from any English author, and the 
 spelhng of all non-technical English words. 
 
 ?. English Grammak.— Etymology and Syntax ; exercises. 
 
 4. Composition.— Tlie framing of sentences and paragraphs ; familiar and 
 l.usiness letters ; paraphrasing ; synonyms ; ccuTection of errors ; themes based 
 <ju the prose literature prescribed for this Form. 
 
 1 .1 ^" ^^"ERATURE.— The critical, reading of such works as may be prescribed 
 Ijy the Education Department from time to time. 
 
 (J. Hi.sTORY. — The leading events of Canadian and English History. 
 
 7. Geo(;kaphv. -Political, physical and mathematical Geography Man 
 Oeography generally ; Canada and the British Empire more particularly. 
 
 8. Aritiimetic and Mensuration.— Arithmetic in theory and practice- 
 areas of rectilinear figures, and voliiines of right parallelopipeds and prisms : 
 tlio circle, sphere, cylinder, and cone ; Mentfil Arithmetic. 
 
 9. Algebra.— Elementary rules : factoring ; greatest common measure : 
 least common multiple ; fractions ; simple ecjuations of ,nie, two, and three 
 unknown (piantities ; simple problems. 
 
 10. Euclid.— Book I., with easy problems. 
 
 19. Writing.- Neatness, legibility. 
 
 20. Book-keeping.— Single and double entry ; commercial forms ; general 
 business transactions. * 
 
 designs ^*''^^'''"'~*''^^''^'''"^' practical Geometry; perspective; industrial 
 
 Options.— The options between Nos. 15, or 17, or 18, and jrroup 
 12 and 14, are a.s follow.s, viz. :— ^^ f 
 
 15. Latin.- The Elementary Latin Book, grammar, composition, and the 
 texts prescribed from time to time by the Education Department. 
 
 17. Fre.vch.— The Elementary French Book, grammar, composition, and 
 the texts prescribed from time to time by the Education Department. 
 
 H.,> it,^^^^^\~~7}''' Elementary German Book, grammar, composition, and 
 the texts prescribed from time to time by the Education Department. 
 
 ^nil^' ^^^■'^'^•^■-Tlie elements of Physics, as treated in Huxley's Introductory 
 Science Primer and Balfour Stewart's Science Primer. 
 
 14. Botany -The elements of structural Botany. Outlines of classification ; 
 examination and classihcation of common jjlants belonging to the following 
 SaSlT^'lfl^n";'"'"'^'^' ^'"""^7"' Mulvace^, L^guminos«3, RosaleS 
 tE^? ;.y r''™'-^"""^?'''*'^^'''''***' Coniferw, Aracen^ Liliace* 
 
 orders '^'"^''•""*'' <'™'»'new ; the characters and general properties of these 
 
 Second Cla >,H.—C&ndidaieH for a Second-class Non-Professional 
 ieachers Certificate are examined in the followincr .subjects a.s pre- 
 scribed for Form II of the High School Course of Study, excepting 
 Ancient Hi.story and Geography, viz.:-Nos. 1-10, Ui, 21, with an 
 option between lo, or 17, or 18, group 12 and 14. and group 19, 20, 
 and 2. . Candidates who do not take the commercial option for 
 Second-cla.ss. shall pa,ss the Third-class Non-Professional Examina- 
 tion in Nos. 1!) and 20. 
 
 1. Readin ; rourse for Form L continued. 
 
 2. Orthoghap.. Y and Orthoepy. -Course for Form I. continued. 
 
 t .^^^^^"\^^"^ Grammar. -Course for Form I. continued. (As prescribed 
 for the Pass Matriculation Examination of the University of Toronto ) 
 4. CoMPCSiTios.— Course for Form I. continued. 
 
14 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 li 
 
 5. LiTERATUHB.— The critical study of the texts prescribed from time to 
 time for the Pass Matriculation Examination of the University of Toronto. 
 
 6. English History (including Colonial History).— From William III. to 
 George III. inclusive. Roman history from the oonnuancement of the becond 
 Punic War to the death of Augustus. Greek history irow the Persian to tlit 
 Peloponnesian Wars, both inclusive (University Pass). 
 
 7. Geooraphv. —Modern : North America and Europe. Ancient: 
 Greece, Italy and Asia Minor. 
 
 8. Arithmetic— Course for Form I. continued (University Pass). 
 
 9. Algebra. —To the end of Quadratics (University Pass). 
 
 10. Geometry.— Euclid, Books I., II., III.; easy deductions (University 
 Pass). 
 
 13. Chemistry.— Reynolds' Experimental Chemistry (chaps. I. to XV I. 
 
 inclusive). 
 
 21. Drawing.— Course for Form I. continued. 
 
 Options.— The options between No.s. 15, or 17, or 18, groups 12 
 and 14, and groups 19, 20 and 23, are as follows, viz.:— 
 
 15. Latin.— Examination subjects as prescribad, from time to time, for 
 Pass Matriculation into the University of Toronto. 
 
 17. French.— Examination subjects as prescribed, from time to time, for 
 Pass Matriculation into the University of Toronto. 
 
 18. German.— Examination subjects as prescribed, from time to time, for 
 Pass Matriculation into the University of Toronto. 
 
 ] 2 Phvsu's —Definitions of velocity, acceleration, mass, momentuni, force, 
 moment, coupL , energy, work, centre of inertia, statement of Newton s Laws 
 of Motion, composition aad resolution oi forces, condition for eiiuilibrium ot 
 forces in one plane, definition of a fluid, fluid pressure at a point transmission 
 of fluid pressure, resultant fluid pressure, specific gravity, Boyle s Law, the 
 barometer, air-pump, water-pump, siphon (University Pass). 
 
 14. Botany.— Course in Form I. continued. 
 
 19. WRiTiN(i.—Course for Form I. continued. 
 
 20. BooK-KEEPiN(i AND COMMERCIAL TRAN.SACTION.S.— Course for Form I. 
 continued. 
 
 23. Precis-writing and Indexing. 
 
 Local Examhiations.— The Non-Professional Examinations for 
 Teachers' Certificates of the Second and Third Classes, and the 
 " Entrance to High School " Examinations, may, with the sanction 
 of the Minister, be held at other centres than the High Schools. 
 
 First C7aN*'.— Candidates for a First-class Non-Professional 
 Certificate, Grade C, are examined in the following subjects, as 
 prescribed for Form III. of the High School Course, viz.:— Nos 3, 
 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14 of Form III., and also 12 of Form 1 1. 
 At the examination in Botany, candidates are expected to describe 
 and classify a submitted specimen of a Canadian flowering plant 
 Only such" candidates as pa.ss the Second-class Non-Professional 
 Examination are eligible to write for First " C," but both exam)na- 
 tions may be taken the same year. 
 
 3. English CJrammar.— Course in Form II. continued. 
 
 4. Composition,— Course in Form II. continued. 
 
 5. Literature.— The critical study of the texts prescribed, from time to 
 time, for Honor Matriculation into the University, Toronto. 
 
PRELIMINARY INFORMATION. 
 
 16 
 
 /ii ^" Hi'^TORY. —English history under the Houses of Tudor and Stuart. 
 (Honor Matriculation, University.) 
 
 7. Oeooraphy.— The British Empire, including the Colonies. (Honor 
 Matriculation, University.) 
 
 9. Aloebra. -To the end of Binomial Theorem. (Ht)nor Matriculation. 
 
 University.) 
 
 10 GEOMETRY.-Euclid, Books I. to IV. inclusive, Book VI. , and definition 
 of Book V. (Honor Matriculation, University.) » 
 
 11. Trioonometry.— (Honor Matriculation, University). The solution of 
 Triangles. 
 
 1.3. Chemlstry.— Reynolds' Experimental Chemistry, chaps. I. to XXVI 
 inclusive. (The University Matriculation Examination.) 
 
 1 i*' ^S.T'^^^t'''''^ stru(!ture and classification of Canadian flowering 
 plants. ( Ihe L niversity Matriculaticm Examination.) 
 
 Note.— For No. 12 of Form II. see preceding page. 
 
 Non-Professional Examinations for First-class Certificates, 
 Grade A or B, are limiterl as follows : — 
 
 jurse for Form I. 
 
 ibed, from time to 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH. 
 
 Composition. -History and Etymology of the English Language, Rhetorical 
 Forms, Prosody. liook, of Refer. nce^-E-.iMa Pliilology of the English Tongue, 
 Abbot and Seeley 8 English for English People, Bain's Composition and Rhe- 
 *"?'"; or Bill s Rhetoric, Marsh's English Language and Literature, Lectures 
 VI. to A I. inclusive. 
 
 Literature : 
 
 1. History of English Literature, from Chaucer to the end of the reign of 
 James I. Books ofBeferem-e-Cmik'B History of the English Literature and 
 Language, or Arnold s Literature, English Edition; Marsh's English Language 
 and Literature, Lectures VI. to XI. inclusive. 
 
 ^ Specified works <}f standard authors, as prescribed from time to time by 
 the Department. ' 
 
 History : 
 
 Greece.— The Porsiau to the Peloponuesian War inclusive. Cox's History of 
 Greece (unabridged). •' 
 
 i^-ooir^-From the beginning of the Second Punic War to the death of Julius 
 Cresar, Mommsen s History of Rome. 
 
 mJ^^^f'T'ir'^v" T.",'*^^*''"^ ^^iV"''* P''''"^'^' =*« presented in Green's Short 
 History of the English People, Macaulay's History of England (or Franc!: 
 ffiSy "'^ England, Second Volume), and Hallam's Constitutional 
 
 C(inarf<i._Parkman's Old Regime in Canada and Wolfe and Montcalm. 
 Oeography.-So much Ancient Geography as is necessary for the proper 
 understanding of the portions of the Histories of Greece and Rome prescribed. 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS. 
 
 nontt'fTrr"^^"A""'-'^.J Binomial Theorem, Multinomial Theorem, Expo- 
 ^^1?,V« an<\ Logarithmic Series, Interest and Annuities, Indeterminate Coeffi- 
 ^^mn;.fTn.\ 1 ^^■'''' f""^' ^Z'""^ Convergency and Divergency, Reversi<.n, 
 Summation), Inequalities Determinants as far as in Gross, Reduction and 
 Resolution of Equa lons of first four Degrees and of Binomial Equations, Re a 
 Problems ' <='"«'«'''"^»'« "^ Equations, Indeterminate Equations, 
 
 Analytical Plane Geometry. -The Point (including Transformation of 
 Co-ordinates), the Right Line, the Circle, tlie Parabola, the Ellipse, the Hyper- 
 bola, the General Lquation of the Second Degree, Abridged Notation. ' 
 
f 
 
 16 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 Tkihonometry.— Trigonometrical Equations, Solution of Triangles, Meas- 
 urement of Heights and Distances; Inscribed, Circumscribed and Escribed 
 Circles of a Triangle ; Quadrilaterals, Description of Vernier and Theodolite, 
 rrigonometrical and Logiiiithinic Tables, Denioivre's Theorem. 
 
 Statics.— E<iuilibrium of Forces acting in one plane ; Parallelogram of 
 liorces. Parallel Forces, Moments, Couples, Centre of Gravity, Virtual Work- 
 Machines, Friction, Experimental Verifications. 
 
 Dynamkw.— Measurement of Velocities and of Acceleration, Laws of 
 Motion, Energy, Momentum, Uniform and rniforiiily Accelerated Motion 
 Falling Bodies, Moments of Inertia, Uniform Circular Motion, Projectiles in 
 Vacuo, Collisions, Simple Pendulum, Exi)erimental Verifications. 
 
 Elementary Geometrical Optics. —Reflection and Refraction of Light at 
 Plane and Spherical Surfaces, including Priam» and Lenses (aberration not 
 considered); the Eye ; Construction .and.Use of the more simple Instruments. 
 
 Candidates for a Departmental Certificate, Grade A or B, taking 
 the Departmental Examinations, are not eligible to write for this 
 grade until they have first pa.ssed the Non-Professional Examination 
 required for Grade C, but nothing herein contained shall prevent a 
 candidate from writing at both examinations the same year. A 
 candidate for Grade A or B is allowed an option between En^^lish 
 and Mathematics. " 
 
 7. Teachers' Certificates. 
 
 Classes of Certificates.— The conditions under which Public 
 School Teachers' Certificates may be granted are prescribed by the 
 Department. The certificates issued are— First-class. GradesA, B 
 and C ; Second-class and Third-class. First and Second-class Cer- 
 tificates are valid throughout the Province, and are held during 
 good behaviour, while the Third-class are limited to a period of 
 three years. The holder, however, may, on passing the Depart- 
 mental Examination, obtain a renewal of the same for three years, 
 subject to attendance at a County Model School. There can be no 
 renewal without re-examination. In an emergency the Minister 
 of Lilucation has power to extend the duration of a certificate. 
 
 Third Class— Conditions. — The conditions upon which County 
 Boards of Examiners can grant Third-class Certificates are : that 
 (1) the candidates must furnish satisfactory proof of good moral 
 character ; (2) must be of the age of eighteen years, if males, and 
 seventeen years, if females ; (3) must have passed the pre.scribed 
 non-professional examinations; and (4) must subsequently have 
 attended for one term at the County Model School, and have ob- 
 tained from its Principal, and the County Board of Examiners 
 a certificate of qualification, after having passed the professional 
 examination. 
 
 Second Class.— AW candidates for Second-class Certificates are 
 obliged to attend one of the Provincial Normal Schools, so as to 
 prepare for the professional examination. 
 
 These Certificates are granted upon certain conditions only : (1) 
 that the candidate must have passed the non-professional examina- 
 tion in literature and science ; (2) must have taught successfully 
 
PRELIMINARY INFORMATION. 
 
 17 
 
 Triangles, Meus- 
 )(1 and Escribed 
 and Tlieudolite, 
 
 Parallelogram of 
 J, Virtual Work, 
 
 •ation, Laws of 
 lerated Motion, 
 n. Projectiles in 
 ns. 
 
 ition of Light at 
 (aberration not 
 e Instruments. 
 
 A. or B, taking 
 kvrite for this 
 1 Examination 
 lall prevent a 
 mie year. A 
 ween English 
 
 which Public 
 icribed by the 
 , Grades A, B 
 )nd-class Cer- 
 ! held during 
 a period of 
 : the Depart- 
 r three years, 
 ere can be no 
 the Minister 
 irtificate. 
 
 vhich County 
 ttes are : that 
 f good moral 
 if males, and 
 he prescribed 
 |uently have 
 and have ob- 
 f Examiners 
 ! professional 
 
 srtificates are 
 ools, so as to 
 
 ons only : (1) 
 nal examina- 
 : successfully 
 
 for at least one year in a Public School in the Province ; and (3) 
 must have attended, for one session, a Provincial Normal School 
 and have obtained from the Principal of such school and from the 
 Examiners appomted by the Minister of Education a certificate of 
 his fitness to teach on a Second-class Certificate. In addition to 
 the exanunation above referred to, the candidates are examined in 
 the iollowmg subjects, which constitute the profes-sional examina- 
 tion for that class: Principles and Theory of Education; School 
 Organization; Discipline and Government; English Literature and 
 Language; Mental Arithmetic ; Reading and Elocution; Practical 
 Chemistry; Hygiene ; Physics ; Practical Botany; Zoology; Music 
 Toih^''''''"fp^'':" males only) and Calisthenics; Methods of 
 Teaching and Practical Teaching in the Model School. 
 
 First C^as«^— First-class Certificates are granted only upon the 
 following conditions : that the candidate (l)"must be thi holder of 
 a First-class Non-Professional Certificate ; (2) must have passed 
 the professional examination for a Second-class Certificate and 
 (.i) must have attended a Training Institute for one session and 
 passed the prescribed examination thereat. 
 
 Should any teacher with requisites 1 and 2 have taucrht for two 
 years in a Public or a High School, he need not attend%he InsTi^ 
 tute, but must pass the examination. 
 
 8. Religious Instruction in the Schools of Ontario. 
 
 1. Every Public and High School shall be opened with the Lord's 
 VvZZ' or tlf "''^ ^''^ the reading of the Scri^ptures and the Lo d'.: 
 Prayer or the prayer sanctioned by the Department of Education 
 
 2. The portions of Scripture used shall be taken from selections 
 authorized for that purpose by the Department of EduiatVon and 
 shall be read without comment or explanation. 
 
 3. Where a teacher claims to have conscientious scruples ac^ainst 
 
 writing to the master of the school. txpressea m 
 
 -5. When required by the Trustees, the Ten Commandments 
 shall be repeated at least once a week. ""lanaments 
 
 • ^" Pf Trustees shall place a copy of the authorized Readings 
 in each depar ment of the Public Ind High Schools IdeTthdr 
 jurisdiction, within one year from the date hereof. 
 
 ..J'i7^^ l^W^""^ any denomination, or their authorized repre- 
 sentatives, shall have the right to give relio-ious instruction uF^L 
 pupils of their own Church i,f each school-house at eas on e a week 
 after the hour of closing of the .school in the afternoon ; and Tthe 
 clergy of more than one denomination apply to give religious 
 instruction m the sanie school-house, the School Boafd or Trustee 
 .hall decide on what day of the week the school-house shal be a 
 
18 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 the disposal of the clergvnian of each denoiiunation, at the time 
 above stated. But it shall be lawful for the School Board or Trus- 
 tees and clergyuiau of any denomination to agree upon any hour 
 of the day at which a clergyman, or his authorized representative, 
 may give religious instruction to the pupils of his own Church, pro- 
 vided it be not during the regular hours of the school.* 
 
 9. Miscellaneous. 
 
 In addition to the foregoing, provision has been made for grant- 
 ing aid to public schools in new and poor townsliijjs ; for the course 
 of study and inspection of Indian schools, and for administering 
 the Superannuated Inspectors' and Teachers' Fund. Regulatiorw 
 have also been made in regard to school libraries, and a series of 
 text-books for high and public schools have been prescribed. 
 
 I. ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. 
 
 li 
 
 I. Kindergartens. 
 
 In the year 1882, the Hon. Adam Crooks, Minister of Educa- 
 tion, at the request of the Public School Board of Education of the 
 City of Toronto, and as the result of a visit made by a delegation 
 from that Board to the City of St. Louis (Missouri, U. S.). invited 
 two prominent Kindergarteners —Miss Blow and Mrs. Hubbard— 
 to visit the City of Toronto and deliver a course of lectures, with 
 illustrations of Kindergarten Gymnastics and Work, before the 
 students of the Normal School and the city teachers. The impres- 
 sion made was so favorable tliat a lady teacher, who had for some 
 time been conducting a Kindergarten 'in the city, was selected by 
 the Board to proceed to St Louis and perfect herself in the work 
 of a Kindergarten. On her return she was appointed to the double 
 position of Lecturer in the Normal School and Instructor to the 
 city teachers in the Kindergarten work. The result of her labors 
 is that the Kindergarten has been introduced into Toronto, Hamil- 
 ton, and Berlin in connection with the Public School system. The 
 same teacher now conducts a Training School for Kindergarteners 
 in connection w'ith the Public Schools of Toronto, and all primary 
 teachers receive the training. Bes'des the Kindergartens attached 
 to certain of the Public Schools, the Board of Education conduct a 
 Charity Kindergarten for the children of poor women, who have 
 to go out to daily service. 
 
 Each of the Provincial Normal and Model Schools at Toronto 
 and Ottawa has a Kindergartener on the staff of teachers, who has 
 
 •The Regulations prescribing the "Hours of Daily Teaching" provide that 
 they shall not exceed six hours in duration, but "a leas number of hours of daily 
 teaching may be determined upon in any Public School, at the option of the 
 Trustees." Arrangement may, therefore, be made by the Trustees for closing the 
 ordinary school work earlier than the usual hour, on certain days, so that time may 
 be given for religious instruction. 
 
ELKMENTAllV SCHOOLS. 
 
 19 
 
 supervision of the Kindergarten attached to the Model Schools 
 and also instructs the teachors-in-training in that branch of their 
 profession. 
 
 2. Public Schools Explanatory Statement. 
 
 Each city, town, township and village ha,s, as has been observed 
 Its own municipal council; and each citv, town, village and rural 
 school section has its own independent' board of school trustees 
 which is by law invested with extensive corporate powers One Is 
 supreme in civic affairs, while the other is no less so in all matters 
 pertaining to the schools 
 
 Each township is divided by its municipal council into school 
 sections ot from two to four scjuare miles each. Three trustees are 
 elected by the ratepayers as a school corporation for each section. 
 The.se trustees hold ofhce for three years-one going out of office 
 annually, when his succes.sor is elected. 
 
 GmntH.~Two hundred and forty thousand dollars ($240 000) are 
 annually granted by the Legislature, and apportioned by the Minis- 
 ter of Education amongst the municipalities. They are required 
 to raise, by rate, a sum at least equal to that apportioned to them 
 lliese two sums constitute the primary school fund of the munici- 
 pahty. On the requLsition of the board of trustees, the municipal 
 corporation imposes the additional rates which are necessary for 
 the support of the schools. "^ 
 
 A sum of about twenty thousand dollars ($20,000) is granted 
 
 annually in aid of .schools in new and sparsely sfattered townships 
 
 Ihis money IS apportioned by the Department, and is in addition 
 
 to the share coming to these poor schools from school fund of the 
 
 municipality and the local rates raised on the requisition of trustees. 
 
 Separate Schools.~ThG term " Separate Schools " applies to Pro- 
 testant and colored persons as well as to Roman Catholics • but 
 this exception to the general Public School system is confined 
 chiefly to Roman Catholics who desire to establish Separate Schools 
 in localities where their supporters are sufficiently numerous to 
 support one The principle of these schools is, that any Roman 
 Lathohc ratepayer may elect to .support a Separate School and 
 upon giving the prescribed notice he is exempted from the Public 
 Sclioo rates. These schools are governed by trustees who are 
 elected by the supporters of such schools, and are a corporation with 
 powers similar to those of other school trustees. The teachers are 
 required to possess proper certificates of qualification, and the 
 schools share m the Legislative Grant in proportion to the atten- 
 dance, and they are also subject to inspection by the Education 
 Department : two Inspectors having been appointed for that dp; 
 pose. In case of any disagreement between the Separate or ^. . ic 
 School Corporations and the municipal bodies, such dispute is f a'^VeW' 
 to the arbitrament of the Minister of Education, with the rio 'i -'•' 
 appeal to the Lieutenant-Governor in Council. "' ' ""' 
 
^ 
 
 10 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTAIUO. 
 
 PiiooiiAMME.— Tho ProjrraimiH' of Studies prescribed for Public 
 Schools is as follows: — 
 
 SUflJKCT. 
 
 1»T Cla«m. 
 
 Readino ami 
 
 LlTKRATUKK- 
 
 Spellino, Ortuo- 
 
 ORAI'IIY AND Ok- 
 TIIOKI'Y— 
 
 Writing— 
 
 Abithmetic- 
 
 •2nd Class. 
 
 Uku Clahs. 
 
 4rii I'.LAHx 
 
 Tablet I^Mon Second Reader. Third Render. Fourth Reader 
 and H irit Reader. 
 
 Spelling from Spelling from 
 reading lessons, reading IcsRons, 
 on slates and j on slates and 
 orally. | orally. 
 
 Spelling with v(i 
 bal distinctionH, 
 on copies and 
 orally. 
 
 Syst( i-.iiticovtho- 
 graphy and 
 orthix'py. 
 
 Writing on slates Writing on slates Copy writing. Business forms 
 and paper. , and paper. i Business forms, and accounts. 
 
 Numeration and 
 notation to 1,000; 
 additionuiid sub- 
 traction ; mental 
 arithmetic. ; 
 
 Numeration and 
 notation to 
 1,000,000; multi- 
 plication and di- 
 vision; mental 
 arithmetic. 
 
 (Jreatest common A'ulgar and deci- 
 measure and nial fractions, 
 
 least common PMementary per- 
 multiplc. F.ic- centoge and in- 
 mentary reduc- terest. Mental 
 titm. (Compound arithmetic, 
 rules. Mental | 
 arithmetic. i 
 
 Drawing— 
 
 The drawingexer- Drawing-book Drawing-books 
 cises in parts I. No. 1, authorized Nos. 2 and 3. 
 and II. First series. I 
 
 Reader. 
 
 Drawing-books 
 i Nos. 4 and T). 
 
 (iBOGRAPHV-^ 
 
 Mcsic- 
 
 . Conversations 
 j concerning the 
 ! earth. 
 
 Rote Singing. 
 
 Local geography Definitions, 
 and elementary Simple map 
 definitions. Map geography, N, 
 j of the world. American and 
 
 I Ontario. Man 
 
 i I drawing. 
 
 Simple songs. 
 Klementary ideas 
 ' of written music. 
 
 Geography of tlie 
 Continents, Can- 
 ada and Ontario. 
 Map drawing. 
 
 Grammar and 
 
 CoMrosiTioN — Oral exercises in 
 , language. 
 
 Rote singing. 
 I Elements of 
 MusicalNotation. 
 
 Oral and written 
 exercise!" in lan- 
 guage. 
 
 Song singing. 
 Sacred music. 
 Musical notation. 
 
 History — 
 
 i 
 
 Classes of words i 
 and their inflec- 
 tions. Simplede- 
 o' riptivewritin;/ 
 
 Elements of for- 
 mal (Jrammar 
 andConipoaition. 
 
 JH-story, English 
 I and Canadian. 
 
 Object Lks.sons- 
 
 Leading features 
 
 of English and 
 
 Canad ian H istory . 
 
 Form, size, color, 
 weight, common 
 objects! parts and 
 qualities). 
 
 Subjects of Class iCommon objects 
 I. continued. ; (source, manu- 
 facture, uses, 
 : etc.) Animals, 
 ; birds, plants. 
 
 Temperance, Hygiene, Drill (with Calisthenics for Girls), and Moral Culture. 
 
ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, 
 
 21 
 
 ibed for Public 
 
 4tm Clam 
 
 Fourth Reader. 
 
 IT 8ygt( i-.iitico'tho- 
 118, graphy and 
 I ortluH'i 
 
 K-py. 
 
 BuHinegR forma 
 and auuountB. 
 
 on Vuluar and deci- 
 mal fractions. 
 Elementary per- 
 centage and in- 
 terest. Menta) 
 
 id arithmetic. 
 
 Drawing-books 
 Nos. 4 and T). 
 
 iGeography of the 
 I Continents, Can- 
 j ada and Ontario. 
 I Map drawing. 
 
 'Song singing. 
 181 Sacred music, 
 c. {Musical notation. 
 
 I lElements of for 
 
 - ; mal (irammar 
 3- and Composition. 
 
 ^i-— 
 
 Leading features 
 
 of English and 
 
 CanadianHistory . 
 
 3RAL Culture. 
 
 fiXPLANATOKY REMARKH ON THE l-HOaUAMME. 
 
 by ut\ZrZrJ tt: eirr f-^^rV «»-ll bo fonowed 
 
 concurrence of the In.spector Zl f^ t ^ x^ '"**^'' ""J/ ^'^h the 
 Oenr^an Schools the auKriLfliH! T n'^- ^" *^«"«h «"•• 
 to any text-book.s in iTttlr;u;y^afo::S' '" ^'''"^" 
 
 ject/^ru7„?a^?rltrS;'prl^^^^ ^"-1""« «^ t^'o several sub- 
 
 regulations say] :— ** * programme. I„ regard to the Fiftli Class the 
 
 foIIcfvifn^XTs^^ZirLtrljire'o ff ' ^'r ^^^^^ '^^ 
 Writing. Arithmetic, Cwfn^^ Gwlni?'*n "'''P^^ 
 History. Mu.sic. Bookk ep n?' A SrS^Euo'liTT' ^^^^^P^^'^'O". 
 Hygiene. Drill, Calisthenics Moral rndR.lT'T^''^'''"''' ^"^'^^y- 
 course of study under each hl^nl H ^^''g'0"« Instruction. The 
 Third-cla.ss Teachers Trustees Jl"^"'' "^ i^'\** prescribed for 
 Fifth Class in the Public School in 1? T""!"'''^^ "°* *° ^o"""^ ^ 
 village where a High School ^iiJuaS. " ^' *'^"' ""' ^"^^'•porated 
 
 OENKUAL DIRECTIONS AS TO TEACHING OTHER SUKIECTS 
 
 and ^iZT^^2l!^XT,:t''^^^^^^ of familiar lectures, 
 
 system ; the importance ,5 cleanline s and a stril "^k" '' "^ '''''"^"l "l'°» the 
 health ; dietetics ; how to preserve ^heevesifhf * r'T'*" "^ *'»«' '«'^« of 
 exposure to cold and damp ; how to nW i/?!.^ '. *''*'*^' *'*'=•; ^^^ dangers of 
 etc. At least one hour a ^;enioulfb^e aZZ ul fhrsubieS'^'"''^ ""'^"'^ ' 
 
 Drill and Callsthenics Thn rl'fr + J • 
 
 in any text-book on the subject should T ^L^**''*?'"" movements proscribed 
 recess, but during school hours Accuracv an'd n^r ^ T'^'''^' "«* ""'y during 
 eveiy movement. In addition, the boyrshouTd r'"'''*"^-'^"^'^ characteriz! 
 taught the usual squad and company drill and the -^r^'^ "jto companies and 
 calisthenics. ^ ^ """' ""<^ t"e girls should be exercised in 
 
 MoRAi, AND Religious In.structiov tj^ 
 prescribed. The teacher is expected howeVe^bvTIT' °^ ""T^ instruction is 
 s by the exercise of his authority and by instrLtfnr?''"''^'^'''"?^^' «*« ^«» 
 « ith respect for those moral obligations wbii^fj."' *° ""''"^ ""^ery pupil 
 Respect for those in authority^ for the Z^ - ^""^''™"*^ "^"^^^^^^^ 
 
 reverence, trutJifulness, honesty, etc can L^Tk ' ■'"'"^^'y' true manliness, 
 armes for referring to them. The reiigious exer.^! '"'^'?^*'''* ?« *^« «««^ion 
 conducted without haste, and with AZ:t\ZT:J ^^^ at^^'^n^'"'''''' ^« 
 -evierfTLree!^;;;^^^^^^ devoted to 
 
 the usual routine of the school-room whXnro"nt-^'".r *^"*^'"^ *° '•«"'?• e 
 < -.1 are of the pupils. The teacher' shSyeZ?,'" ^ *^,f '"""^f^ '^'^d moral 
 'I'alogues, readings, recitations and songs for I /T- ^^^ P,"P''« *» P'-eP'^re 
 sessions. He should also choose sorne tS for a fln.i?"V^ afternoon school- 
 litenry selection, making such conTmeZ a« Ir i^ V''''x^^''*"«' or read some 
 ;;eading, and quicken the interest of Z«^^ V ^'^^\ *° P''°'note a love of 
 The girls should receive sulILlriLlSLrst'S^^^ '^^ '^'^ -hoo/ 
 
 a P-mS'E,-^^^^^^^^^ agriculture should occupy 
 
 how plants grow and ^vh.atthe^4„7,m "^'^^^ "^^^ure of the «"f 
 
 g tnej feed upon ; liow farms are beautified and culti- 
 
22 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTKM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 'i,t'' 
 
 vated ; the value of shade trees ; what trees to plant, and when to plant them ; 
 the relation of agriculture to other pursuits ; the effect of climate on the pursuits 
 of a people. Poetical selections on rural pursuits, talks on botany and natural 
 history, should form part of the instruction of every Friday afternoon. 
 
 PUBLIC SCHOOL STATISTICS FOR 1884. 
 
 With a view to understand the condition of the Public Schools 
 of Ontario for the year 1884, the following statistics are inserted 
 in this place : — 
 
 1. Pupils. — The number of pupils, according to age, attending 
 the Public Schools, was as follows : Pupils under 5 years of age, 
 1,115; from 5 to 21, 465,374; ovci- 21, 428; the number between 
 the age of 7 and 13 reported as not attending school was 6,230. 
 The average daily attendance, divided by the legal teaching days 
 of the year, was 221,861, or 48 per cent. 
 
 2. Classes. — The number in the different classes was as follows : 
 
 1st Class. 2nd C£.a.ss. 3rd Class. 4th Class. 5th Class. flTH Class. 
 167,722 106,017 112,873 70,713 8,698 894 
 
 Note. — The circumstances of Public Schools situate in the 
 Cities and Towns, and those in rural districts, differ in this, that in 
 the latter there are two classes of pupils : the elder, who chiefly 
 attend during the winter months, and the younger, in the warmer 
 seasons. The average attendance accordingly shows this contrast : 
 
 Attendants in Cities 60 per cent. 
 
 " Towns 56 
 
 " Rural Districts 44 
 
 The number of Teachers was 7,085 ; 2,789 being Males, and 
 4,296 Females. 
 
 3. Teachers' Qualifications. — The following were the qualifica- 
 tions of the different Teachers in the j'ear 1884 : — 
 
 Provincial First-class 235 
 
 Second-class 2,237 
 
 Old County Board First-class Certificates . . 168 
 
 Second-class " . . 118 
 
 " " Third-class " . . 3,420 
 
 Temporary Certificates 623 
 
 Other " 284 
 
 4. S'llavies. — The following table gives the average Salaries 
 of the Teachers in Counties, Towns, and Oities respectively:— 
 
 Males. Femalbs 
 
 Counties $404 $264 
 
 Towns 61:] 283 
 
 Cities 791 364 
 
m to plant them ; 
 te on the pursuits 
 tany and natural 
 rternoon. 
 
 Public Schools 
 ics are inserted 
 
 age, attending 
 ) years of age, 
 mber between 
 ool was 6,230. 
 teaching days 
 
 vas as follows : 
 
 LASS. Cth Class. 
 398 894 
 
 situate in the 
 in this, that in 
 !r, who chiefly 
 in the warmer 
 this contrast : 
 
 •er cent. 
 
 ng Males, and 
 I the qualifica- 
 
 23.5 
 2,237 
 
 168 
 
 118 
 3,420 
 
 623 
 
 284 
 
 srage Salaries 
 tively:— 
 
 Femalbs 
 $264 
 283 
 364 
 
 THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. £3 
 
 them 27.463. ' ''^ ^^^' ^""^ ^^ P»Pils attending 
 
 5. Historical Statistical Retmnnppi ^xruv 
 
 Iowiog"leta°°be°/„ prta;:/:-"'" ""^ "''^ '"' *-d". *« M- 
 
 ST.T^c, of the P^BUc Schools and R„m« C.thouc S.p.„.te 
 SCHOOLS of Ontario for the last forty years. 
 
 Population of Ontario 
 
 Number of Schools 
 
 School Population between 
 
 the ages of 5 and 16. . . 
 Number of Pupils attend- 
 ing School 
 
 Number of Public School' 
 
 Teachers 
 
 Male '.'.'.'.'.'. 
 
 Female ' ' 
 
 Am'tof Legislative Grant. 
 
 Am't of Municipal School^ 
 
 Grant and Assessments . I 
 
 Trustees' Rate Bills, and' 
 
 Other Receipts J 
 
 T'l Income from all sources' 
 Paid Teachers' Salaries . I 
 Paid for Sites, Buildings! 
 
 and Repairs I 
 
 Other Expenditures ....,! 
 Total Expenditure . ] . I 
 
 No. of Sohool- f^o°J--i 
 
 houses reported 1 '^*?°?°'' 
 ( Brick 
 
 880,000 
 
 $66,890 
 
 $89,3.39 
 »2.S6,229 
 $206,856 
 
 3,539 
 2,508 i 
 1,031 ' 
 $90,690 
 
 4,625 
 
 3,011 
 
 1,614 
 
 $177,053 
 
 5,736 
 2,601 
 3,135 
 
 $267,772 
 
 1,913,460 
 (1880) 
 5,316 
 
 471,287 
 
 466,917 
 
 7,085 
 2,789 
 4,296 
 $267,084 
 
 $483,523 I $1,023,400 $2,214,976 | $2,675,721 
 
 $252,.339 ; 
 
 I $826,552 I 
 : $578,868 ' 
 
 $115,311 
 
 $88,312 
 
 $782,491 
 
 2,802 
 
 337 
 
 $283,734 
 $1,484,187 
 $996,956 I 
 
 $153,059 I 
 $135,303 I 
 $1,285,318 
 3,351 
 
 895 
 
 $756,523 
 $3,239,271 
 $1,647,750 
 
 $853,584 
 $363,998 
 $2,865,332 
 3,195 1 
 
 1,632 I 
 
 ! $1,047,417 
 I $3,990,222 
 ! $2,296,027 
 
 $967,102 
 
 $17,733 
 
 $3,280,862 
 
 2,954 
 
 2,390 
 
 11. THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. 
 
 cont'rof T^^nL:^ttSi^f -ans under the 
 ^n^^e^and women in SX^ ^ S^^tZ^^ -:a:!. 
 1. The Coynty Model Schools. 
 
 I Ti ?"*'.'''!''''^i ^^^'"al ai^d Model Schools. 
 
 rf. A he 1 raining Institutes. 
 
 4. Teachers' Institutes. 
 
 .5. Teachers' Reading Course. 
 
 6. Ontario Teachers Association. 
 
24 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 I. County Model Schools. 
 
 The establishment of this very valuable portion of the Educa- 
 tional System of the Province dates as far back as the year 1843 
 By referring to the first School Act for Upper Canada, passed in 
 that year, we find that the 57th Section declares :— 
 
 " That it shall and may be lawful for the Court of Wardens of any County 
 
 'i^?nn fswn^f " 1 . " " • *° J"*^'^ ^^'^ '^^^ ^y county rate a sum not exceeding 
 tiOU (55800), and to appropriate and expend the same for the maintenance of 
 one or more "County Model Schools," within such County, and to constitute, 
 by by-law or by-laws, to that effect, any Township, Town, or City School or 
 Schools withm the County to be for any term not less than one year, such 
 County Model School or Schools, etc." , ="i-" 
 
 The 66th Section of the same Act declares :— 
 
 • /'^^^* '? f/?*^ .'"'=^ Township, Town, or City Model School, gratuitous 
 instruction shall be given to teachers of Common Schodls. " 
 
 The School Act of 1846 provided for the establishment of 
 iJistrict Model Schools in which " instruction shall be aflTorded to 
 all teachers of Common Schools within the District." They were 
 thus Normal Schools in miniature, for the persons under instruction 
 were already teachers. The "Educational Reports" of ti.ose 
 years contain reports from School Superintendents who speak 
 highly of the system. 
 
 In 1850 when the whole machinery of the School System was 
 revised and reorganized, the Act provided for the establishment 
 and maintenance of Township Model Schools in place of County 
 ones. -^ 
 
 The chief reason why such schools did not prove a success at 
 that early period of our educational history was the lack of "model 
 teachers," as well as " model school-houses." 
 
 As the status and qualifications of the Superintendents who 
 were subsequently styled Inspectors, as organizers and practical 
 judges of scholastic efficiency, improved, so did the schools. At 
 last the time came when the Model School System could be once 
 a^ain put into operation, and so in the year 1877 the School Act 
 directed, that at least one school in each County shall be set apart 
 by the County Board of Examiners, as a County Model School for 
 the training of candidates for Third-class Teachers' Certificates 
 The County Council is required to provide aud levy for each such 
 Model School within the County, an amount at least equal to that 
 apportioned or paid by the Education Department out of the 
 Annual Legislative Grant ; but in no case must it be less than one 
 hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 _ Conditions on tvhich Model Schools are Esfahlished.—l. The 
 Principal must hold a First-class Provincial Certificate, and have 
 at least three (3) years' experience as a Public School Teacher. 
 
 2. There must be at least three (3) assistants holdino- Second- 
 class Certificates. " 
 
!hool, gratuitous 
 
 THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. 25 
 
 Cla?s 0?: ffirichoor' '^ '^"'' '^ '^^^ ^^^^"^^^^ '^^ ^^^ ^-^^h 
 
 4. A separate room for Model School purposes must be provided 
 Pnh'lin'^^i!''',"**"^ '"^f ^^ employed to relieve the Principal of his 
 fn session ""^ '' ^'''' ""''' '^' ^^^' ^^^'^ "^^ Modellchool t 
 
 COURSE OF STUDY. 
 
 The course of study embraces the following •— 
 
 «ubjL\l^SX3'f!.rtK^^^^^^^^ '-^^^ mathods of teaching the various 
 aJ^.Ling given \:t:^LtZ£Zl^l^,^%St:^: ^^ 
 
 in th^&iX^^dd letr "r?)"^^^^^^ f -«*hods illustrated 
 
 vision, when possrble-of ^thod^t^at^^".'l'^^^ Principal's super- 
 Teachers. II. Reporting to th«Prf!? ^^ *''f assistant Model School 
 especially as to the7«) olfiect of f hf , ^^^ ^l" '^'",^*' °^ *heir observations, 
 object was attained. '^ •■ ' ^'''°"' ""^'"'^^^ ' (*> «*«?« by ^l>ich this 
 
 Metl51!'::rTLTer''i?i4rS7^^^ P'^P^"" ^"^*^"''*'- -'^ --">Pl- ^n 
 exemplified («) bTShis fZ^ ftnl't"^ ^""','"'^ m applying the methods 
 
 pupili-say iJn Iv S -be tt t Prtcinlf: ^^U'^ ^'^"'^'""S '^ «^*«« °f 
 
 (r) by teaching in the several dTvlsionsoMrl^h "'^™'^"*her competent critic ; 
 
 111. Music, Drawing and Calisthenics. " 
 
 luetic, and Literature. ' <-onipo»ition, Grammar, Arith- 
 
 co„.t,tnte. the Pr„t...i„„al liamination £^ Third c£ T.Ser? ^™"'". 
 

 26 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 Number of Stuilent Teachers on Roll 1 305 
 
 ^^^^^ .'.■.■ 520 
 
 t emales ygK 
 
 Increase over last year ' [ 234 
 
 Number who withdrew during the term! . . . 21 
 
 Number who passed Final Examination. . . 1 203 
 
 ^^^^■^, 467 
 
 r emules i^gg 
 
 Number that failed 81 
 
 Number of Lectures on Education . . . . 1,467 
 
 " School Law 509 
 
 "„ ^ " Hygiene 935 
 
 Lessons taught by each Student. . 1,559 
 
 " Departments used 340 
 
 A.ssistants with the required quali- 
 fications 253 
 
 2. The Provincial Nornnal and Model Schools. 
 
 06>ci.— These Schools, situated at Toronto and Ottawa, arc 
 intended as Training and Practice Schools for Candidates for 
 Second-class Certificates. 
 
 Establishment— The establishment of a Normal School for the 
 1 raining of Teachers as a part of a Provincial System of Education 
 ^gaged attention in Upper Canada (now Ontario) in 1836' 
 x^Jothing dehnite, however, was done until the year 1846 when in 
 compliance with the recommendation of the Rev. Dr. Rverson 
 Chief Superintendent of Education, in Iiis Report already referred 
 • A^^\ I .- Legislature appropriated funds for furnishing- 
 suitabJe buildings, and an annual grant for the support of a Nor- 
 mal School, under the management of a Board of Education and 
 the Chiei Superintendent. As the seat of Government was at this 
 time m Montreal the Government House at Toronto was placed at 
 the dLsposal of the educational authorities. Here the School wa* 
 opened on November 1, 1847. The removal of the seat of Govern- 
 ment to Toronto, in 1849, necessitated another change of premises 
 and the adoption of measures for the immediate erection of the 
 necessary permanent buildings. The requisite money having been 
 voted bv the Legislature, the corner-stone was laid July 2 1851 
 by His Excellency the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, Governor ' 
 Genera ; and in the month of November in the following year the 
 Normal and Model Schools were opened in the building which 
 now ornament St. James' Square, and which are described m one of 
 the provincial papers of that date as being "elegant in architectural 
 appearance, commodious in their accommodations, and healthy in 
 their situation." In the year 185S the Normal School was trans-- 
 ferredtothe present building and the old apartments applied to 
 the purposes of an Educational Museum and a projected School of 
 Art and Design, which is now the Ontario School of Art 
 
THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. 
 
 27 
 
 1,305 
 
 520 
 
 786 
 
 234 
 
 21 
 
 1,203 
 
 467 
 
 786 
 
 81 
 
 1.467 
 509 
 936 
 
 1,559 
 340 
 
 253 
 
 hools. 
 
 1 Ottawa, arc 
 'andidates for 
 
 School for the 
 of Education, 
 rio) in 1836. 
 1846, when, in 
 Dr. Ryerson, 
 •eady referred 
 ar furnishing- 
 •ort of a Nor- 
 Cducation and 
 nt was at this 
 was placed at 
 le School wa» 
 at of Govern- 
 i of premises, 
 ■ection of the 
 ^ having been. 
 July 2, 1851, 
 ne, Governor- 
 ving year the 
 ildings which 
 bed in one of 
 architectural 
 d healthy in 
 ol was trans- 
 ts applied to 
 ted School of 
 -rt. 
 
 I 
 
 Granting of Certificatea.—From the time that the Toronto 
 Normal School was established until the year 1871, all the Normal 
 School Certificates for Teachers in the Province were granted by 
 the Chief Superintendent of Education, upon Examination by the 
 Teaching Staff of the Institute. During that time 3,150 Teachers 
 received Certificates. 
 
 Since the year 1871 several changes have been made in the 
 character of the work done in the Normal School.s, and in the 
 Examinations for Certificates. Under the pret^^ixt system the 
 work IS in a large degree professional. Only those candidates who 
 have passed the non-professional, or literary, examination, at the 
 difterent High Schools of the Province, are entitled to enter the 
 Normal Schools. 
 
 Sessions.—There are two sessions in each year, and the average 
 attendance at each School is 100 for each session. 
 
 Course of Studies.— I. Education: 1. History of Education; 
 2. Science of Education ; 3. Principles and Practice of Teaching ; 
 4. School Organization and School Management. II. English Lan- 
 guage and Literature : 1. Engli.sh Literature. Critical reading of 
 a play of Shakespeare, or the work of some other standard author. 
 2. Practical English. III. Hygiene. IV. Chemistry. V. Physics: 
 1. Heat; 2. Light; 3. Electricity. VI. Botany. VII. Zoology. 
 VIII. Drawing. IX. Vocal Music. X. Calisthenics. XI. Military 
 Drill. XII. Method : How to teach the dififerent subjects on the 
 programme for Public Schools. XIII. Practice in Model Schools. 
 Examination. At the close of each session one of the High School 
 Inspectors, and associates named by the Department, conduct the 
 Professional Examination, which is based on the Course of Studies 
 given above, and on practical teaching in the Model Schools. 
 
 The Normal School at Ottawa was opened in 1875, and the 
 Model School in the year 1880. Before the erection of a separate 
 building for the Model School, one of the City Public Schools was 
 used as a school of practice for the Normal School Students. The 
 Course of Study js precisely the same in both Schools. 
 
 The Model Schools.— These are adjuncts to the Normal Schools 
 and are used as Practice Schools for the Teachers-in-training. The 
 Course of Study is in harmony with that of the Public Schools. 
 After the Students in the Normal Schools have observed the 
 methods employed in the Model Schools, and have, in the presence 
 of the Masters, handled classes formed amongst themselves, they 
 are detailed to perform similar work in the Model Schools under 
 the immediate direction and criticism of the regular Teachers. 
 From the Reports emanating from the Head Teachers of these 
 schools, and from those of their assistants in the Normal Schools 
 the Principals of the Normal Schools frame their Report as to the 
 candidate's qualifioations to receive a permanent Certificate of the 
 Second Class. 
 
 I 
 
28 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 StaH8tics.-The following Statistics are for the 
 
 year 1886 :— 
 
 Name of School. 
 
 When 
 Estab- 
 lished. 
 
 Toronto ormal School. 
 Ottawa Normal School 
 Toronto Model School . 
 Ottawa Model School 
 
 1847 
 1876 
 1847 
 1880 
 
 Number 
 
 OF 
 
 Teachers, 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 9 
 
 Number of 
 Students. 
 
 Number" of 
 Pupiw. 
 
 Males, j Females. Boys. ! Girls. 
 
 of these 763 received CeSata."'"' '" ""'^ ""■' ^■^'^*' 
 3. Training Institutes. 
 
 attached to cer ain Coiwfnf. T .i^''^^^'^^?^ Public Schools, are 
 
 Masters specSts in fern ?! ' "" i^^^ ""' ^'^^'^^'^"^ 
 
 and Science, and in addition ^or^"T''u^*'*^'"'*^"^'^' Classics, 
 instruction 'in mJ^.^^^^!^::^^^:^^ to ,ive 
 
 The'trs^7en\?e1e^:LVl"^J: T ^T"" f ^«"^^-" --^s. 
 other seven are snent in nK. '^^t-^'^^'k ot each department, the 
 examination. ^ '" observation of methods, practice, and 
 
 COURSE OP STUDV AND TRAINING 
 
 Instlute^uTfoLwri""'' '''""'"« ''"'°'^-> ™ »-!> Training 
 
 («) Tlie History of Education. 
 (b) The Science of Education 
 
 Scho^?i w";^""''" ^"' ^^^^''- '^^ Teaching, with especial reference to High 
 
 to taSilt^SSSSSr'""* "^ ''='^°"^«' -*^> -I--1 reference 
 
 m Sr"' "'^^''^^''.*'°" "f ">« »-de o( conducting a High Scliool 
 undX^tS^— -rfKJ- ';;;a^ ;;; -a^Jing 1 Hij: Ijl^ course 
 
 W H;gtf '^"''*"" '^ *^ ^'•"^"^'^^ -'^ the- Department Masters. 
 (^)^ School Law.in reference to the duties of Teachers and Pupils 
 
 simila^t"tSuSTthe"cIu\V'M'?'^,«'V^ '«' "> ^^^ main features 
 
 First the Principal dlsUt^X^LSS'^tV'V" ^l^,^^---! School .' 
 
 Teachers.n-training. Leln are iS^SgL^trS^l^^STSlS;:;^ 
 
f'ear 1886 :— 
 
 lies. 
 
 j Boys. 
 
 j Oil-Is. 
 
 7 
 
 •• 
 
 •• 
 
 
 150 
 172 
 
 166 
 180 
 
 Lch Training 
 
 THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. 29 
 
 to such32?:ii;£;'t^,^l"uS':'„*';r '^-•^'-■•s-m-training are subjected 
 
 may Ueom expedient. At th "ch ! , f •'"".?" "^ 'V'^'^ "' *''« Principal 
 
 in Practical Teaching by one of t" Hit. sT" 1 V ''"^ T'^'''^'' ,"" examination 
 
 examination ..n papers premre.lbvH ^'='"'"1 ^"^I'^^t.-rs, and also a written 
 
 subjects. At thi Examin S n iwf ?"1""'*'"'^»*''' Examiners on specific 
 
 to teach le8..,n,s wlucirClmr, re ,• rod f . J'"''''"^' '""'^' ^'""lidate is allowed 
 
 he hands to tJie exan uer but he'^Sl II ." 'IT'""' '"\'^ ^ «*'^>«'"« "^ «J»«h 
 
 shall be selected by tl e e'xa ne^ uLiSt Z ^?""''' t""* «"bjects of which 
 
 preparation in tliis case als^ The^esulS tC' ''"""^.^''^'•' b«>ng allowe.l for 
 
 the report of the Princii.al b'ls, I.m fL •" «?''"'"'ations, together with 
 
 cleternline the final s"aX I'Sh canliS"' '" "" '^™*'""« ^^«'^^*''' «'-" 
 
 subjS™-' ^^^«'''-«^«''-The written examination embraces tlie following 
 
 obsSa;;!:;;;l:}tet:;i:li,S;"Xs """ ?''^*'""-^" ^'^^ --'^^^ ^^-^ng; 
 
 Luagination; The Cond'cTlr ' h ''uXu'ncU^^'^T^r^^^ ''''"^'^"'"« = 
 
 It; Habit and Character • 4uthoritv ,,wi n- • > ' ^''" ^^'". and how to train 
 
 (b) The History of Educrtion. ^ ''''''' ''''"'"'*^ ''"^^ Punishment. 
 
 0jlS:nSS:L.S^;^^X^al1fetrr^':f ^ Education :-School 
 ('0 Hygiene. 
 (J) School-law in reference to the duties of Teachers and Pupils 
 
 thatth^fmSrhhSata;.;;:^'**^ ^'^",^'"'f *" r'^'y^'^ --•-- 
 
 best ...ethods of teach ng at C' S'el^^^^^^^^^^^^ ''''^' *^« 
 
 Non-Professional Certiftate The ^ f si^^^^^^^ subjects covered by the 
 
 date shows in detail tliose DeDartme^i Inr 4,"v • \"*'*^'=.'^t" "^ ?ach passe.l candi- 
 to teach. The Departn.entol ExamlS- V'^f "*'J*''=t«;^'»« ' ^^^ is most competent 
 may show himself defici^t in thXshiJr ^"'"" ' '""■"'^ '"'^ '"^"'^••^**'' ^^»« 
 
 STATISTICS. 
 
 u,K>llhf„r ":^„Tio^,r„lJe<i L^^^i,*!-' '-» "-' '>^"" 
 
 Assistant High School Masters . . . oo 
 
 FIR.ST Class Public School Teachers! '.'.'.'.'.]'. lO 
 
 4. Teachers' Institutes. 
 part es m connection with Teachers' Associationr Tn l ^v^i 
 
30 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 devoted a large portion of his time during the summer and autumn 
 ot 1873, to the work, and held Teacliers' Institutes in seventeen 
 counties. The teachers themselves defrayed the expenses, and the 
 attendance averaged 142 teachers. 
 
 Formation and Object.— A Teachers' lastitute is formed in each 
 County or Inspectoral Division, having for its object the reading of 
 papers and the discussing of matters that have a" practical bearin<r 
 on the daily working of the school-room. " 
 
 Money Grant.— Fha Minister of Education apportions to each 
 ln,stitute the sum of twenty-five dollars («25), and the Municipal 
 bouncil pays the same amount. 
 
 0/^ce?-s.— These are a President, Vice-President, and Secretary- 
 Treasurer. These, together with a Committee of Management 
 composed of five members, are elected annually. 
 
 Annual Meeting.— E&ch Institu^.e meets at least once a year for 
 the election of officers, and the discussion of such matters as may 
 be submitted by the Committee. 
 
 Time and Place of Meetimj. —Tha Education Department, after 
 consultation with the Inspector, arranges the time and the place of 
 meeting. A copy of the programme of proceedings is sent to every 
 leacher in the Inspectorate at least one month before the time of 
 meeting. 
 
 Attendance.— E\Gvy Teacher, unless prevented by illness, must 
 attend continuously the meetings, which last for two days. 
 
 Report.—Tha Inspector reports to the Department. 
 
 Director of Teachers Institutes.— The Director of Teachers' 
 Institutes takes part in the proceedings, by discussing at least three 
 subjects on the Programme, and by delivering a Public Lecture. 
 
 5. Teachers' Reading Course. 
 
 The Minister of Education has arranged a Course of Reading 
 for Teachers, by means of which, while not ignoring professional 
 obligations,* they may carry on daily the work of self-culture, and 
 at the same time learn to regard their vocation from a higher stand- 
 point. The Course extends over three years, and embraces peda- 
 gogics, science and literature. It can be mastered in the allotted 
 time, without difficulty— one hour per day being quite sufficient. 
 It will be observed that the books in the Professional Course are 
 those already used at the Normal School and Training Institutes, 
 so that by taking them up in their Reading Course, the work 
 required for entering the higher grades of the profession is simply 
 prepared in advance. 
 
 As the Course is purely voluntary no examination will be held 
 in connection with it. Should, however, the teachers of any In- 
 spectoral Division agree to read the Course with this end in view, 
 and should the County Board of Examiners make adequate pro- 
 
ner and autuiim 
 cs in seventeen 
 :pense.s, and the 
 
 i formed in cacli 
 t the rcadinjj of 
 "actical bearin<f 
 
 ortions to eacli 
 the Municipal 
 
 and Secretary- 
 if Management 
 
 once a year for 
 natters as may 
 
 partment, after 
 nd the place of 
 is sent to every 
 •re the time of 
 
 y illness, must 
 3 days. 
 
 ^t. 
 
 r of Teachers' 
 ig at least three 
 •lie Lecture. 
 
 rse of Reading 
 ig professional 
 jlf-culture, and 
 a higher stand- 
 mbraces peda- 
 in the allotted 
 [uite sufficient, 
 nal Course are 
 ing Institutes, 
 irse, the work 
 ssion is simply 
 
 n will be held 
 ;rs of any Tn- 
 is end in view, 
 adequate pro- 
 
 THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. 
 
 81 
 
 vision for such examination, the Department would recocni/e bv 
 .special cert.hcate this additional element of professional "ilture^ 
 ^uch a cer ificato won d, no doubt, be ,luly appreciated by trustees 
 and the pubhc generally, as it v.ould entitle tL ho. ler to a strong 
 claim upon their 1 beralitv. It will be Hw. .L.^/^f n rf- . ^ 
 of Teachers' Tnuh-f..f„„ * i , "">^ °^ *■"« Directors 
 
 jLif;!:!. ! / u "*^'' ^"^ '"'**^® ■'^"ch comments and give such 
 
 h s CoZo'a T." ''' '" ''?«"'''^ *" '^' ^''^ ""^^hods of proitbg by 
 this oouiso as they may deem expedient. *' ^ 
 
 LIST OP BOOKS RECOMMENDED. 
 
 Pedaoooics. 
 
 Third Clang Teuchen. 
 
 ^'^T.^°°^!' *o ''« taken in one year in the ..r.Ier given.) 
 
 3. Educational RatoTmnTB. —Quirk. 
 
 1. Outlines of the Study of Man.— 
 
 Hopkins. 
 
 2. hoctureB.— Fitch. 
 
 4. I sychologyV.f Cognition. -/arrfin^. 
 iy. Jiducation aa a Science.— Bam. 
 
 6. Education. — Spencer. 
 
 These text-boc^s are all on the Normal School Course for Second Class 
 
 1 eachers. 
 
 Second Class Teachers. 
 (Two books to be taken in one year in the order given.) 
 
 1. Systems of Education.—/. CiU. 
 
 2. Lectures on the History of Educa- 
 
 tion. — Jos. Payne. 
 
 3. The Action of Examinations.—//. 
 
 Latham. 
 
 4. School Management.— Jos. Landov. 
 
 5. Teachers' Manual and Method of 
 Organization.— /r-. Robinson. 
 
 (). Culture Demanded by Modern 
 Life.—/?. L. Ymimans. 
 
 The text-books named are all on the Professional Course for First Class 
 
 1 eachers. 
 
 First Class Teachers. 
 
 1. Psychology.— SitZ/y. 
 
 2. Greek Education.— JVfaAo/fy 
 
 3. History of Pedagogy.— //ai7man. 
 
 4. Mental Phy8iolf)gy.- Cn»7)e«<er. 
 o. Education and Educators.— /(Trt?/ 
 6. The Schoolmaster.— ^scAaw. ' 
 
 1. 
 
 Physical Science and Natuhal Hlstorv. 
 (Six books to be taken in one year in the order given.) 
 The Fairy Land of Science.— 
 
 Buckley. 
 
 2. Ants, Bees, and Wasps.— Sir /o/in 
 
 Lubbock. 
 
 3. Sound Bodies for our Boys and 
 
 Girh.-Blaikie. ' 
 
 4. Formsof Water.— rynrfai/. 
 
 5. Physiography.— //!«;<«,/. 
 
 ♦>. Heat as a Mode of Motion.— 
 Tyndall. 
 
 7. Methods of Study in Natural His- 
 
 tory. ^ — Agassiz. 
 
 8. Homes without Hands.— miof^N. 
 y. Elements of Physical Geography. 
 
 10. Physical Geography of the Sea.— 
 
 Maury. 
 
 11. The Races of M&n.—Peschel. 
 
 12. Connection of the Physical Sci- 
 
 ences. —Somerville. 
 
 13. Common Sense of the Exact Sci- 
 
 ences.— C/?yorrf. 
 
 14. Physical Forces.- /^aradaw. 
 
 15. The Sun.- Proc<or. 
 
 10. Wild Animals, their Life and Ha- 
 
 bits.- /ro//. 
 
 17. Flowers and their Pedigrees — 
 
 Grant Allan. 
 
 18. Health.— Cor^Wf^. 
 
32 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OV ONTARIO. 
 
 LlTEBATUKK AND HlHTOKY. 
 
 (Eight books to be taken in one year in the order given.) 
 
 y 
 
 10 
 
 11, 
 
 12, 
 
 1. Julius Cmmir.~SlMkeg}),;ire. 
 
 2. Every.,lHyEnglish.--A. ^;. White. 
 holections from Wordswortli.— J/ 
 
 Aniold. 
 4. Milton unci Wordsworth. -A'm//t«/i 
 
 Men o/ Lettem. 
 f). Iiulustrial Miogrin,! -Smiles. 
 <•• Short Mmtory of the English 
 
 People. ^^Grem. 
 7. MontcHlm and Wolfe. -/'.nvtma/,. 
 «. Ihe English Constitution. -7%,/,o< 
 !». Macaulay s Life and Letters. — Tre- 
 
 relyan. 
 
 Ootting on in the World. -iJfa<. 
 
 tneii'g. 
 
 Walks about Rome.— /f,H« 
 Words and their Uses.— i? G '' 
 lyiiite. 
 
 one 
 
 ! 13. 
 
 14. 
 
 15. 
 
 ; 10. 
 
 17. 
 18. 
 19. 
 
 20. 
 21. 
 22. 
 
 23. 
 
 24. 
 
 •Johnson's Chief Lives of the Poets. 
 
 Mullhtw Arnold. 
 Expansion of England. —,SWcu. 
 Words and Places.— 7'<( (//or. 
 E.'iglish LiteratJiro (condensed).— 
 Tame. 
 
 The United Netherlands.— il/,)</ev 
 
 Oliver Cromwell. --('„, -Z,//^. 
 
 Life of Johnson.— y;o«»v/Z (Muy 
 
 raifH Ktlitinn.) 
 Lmguage and Languages. —/''urrar 
 Paradise Lost. -^.l/iV/«H. 
 Life and Correspondence of Thos 
 
 Arnold. -.1. r. Stanley. 
 In Memoriam and the Princess.— 
 
 'r>'nnysi>n . 
 Nicholas Niokleby. —Dickens. 
 
 6. The Ontario Teachers' Association 
 
 tion" in the United States. '""''"' ^at'»"«-l reacher.s A.s.socia- 
 0bject8.--The objects of the Association were • 1st Tn ««onv ^] 
 
 place. 
 
 into three sect ons rCmlTV, Assodation resolved itself 
 Section; a„d"^rP„^Set^o'', |:S,?i:S. ""^ '"'^^'^'^ 
 Oncers.— These are a President ; six Vice-Presidpnf « • „ p 
 
 in.^^StC'x^ta^ri'e?: *t,,'^r„r:T '? ^ ''rf- 
 
 Association a written reooit on fhp «nK \ i • ^{^^^'""S of the 
 
 it was appointed to deKte ^""^ °' '''^^''^' "P^'^ ^^^ich 
 
CLASSICAL SCHOOLS. 
 
 88 
 
 givoii.) 
 
 Livo8 of tlio Poets. 
 
 II old. 
 
 KlniKl—Seeky. 
 )8. — Tujilor. 
 ro (condoiisud).— 
 
 lorliiiids.— iJf()</ey. 
 — Carlyle. 
 i.—Boswell (Mur- 
 
 iiKiiiiges. —Farrar. 
 
 Miltmt. 
 
 ondunco of Thos, 
 
 '. ''^t 11)1 ley. 
 
 I tlio Princess. — 
 
 J'. — Dickeng. 
 
 'encher.s of the 
 n Teachers an 
 3hers' A.s.socia- 
 
 To -secure the 
 imparting in- 
 'ext Book,s, or 
 3 community; 
 heir exertions 
 'h, To encour- 
 y intercourse 
 country. The 
 J. Robertson, 
 1. 
 
 tion, a union 
 siation " took 
 Bsolved itself 
 e Inspector's 
 
 lents; a Re- 
 Councillors ; 
 
 has a Stand- 
 
 eting of the 
 
 upon which 
 
 III. CLASSICAL SCHOOLS. 
 These schools are as follows :— 
 
 1. The High Schools. 
 
 2. The Collegiate Institutes. 
 
 3. Upper Canada College. 
 
 rialilldVeor.";."?}? '^?-r" ^^'^^islature of Upper Canada memo- 
 Tf rrt.n ^ qI''?'-''*^'"^.**^''"""*^ °f '^"J *■«'• tlie endowment 
 ot a (.rauunar School in each District, and a University for the 
 
 tp^tcrtrE JJT'"''' ''%^ T' --ved,"ai^ in tt 
 espatch to that eHect it was speciHed that the Grammar Schools 
 to he established were to be free. The acting Govern "r of Unr or 
 Canada, Peter Russell, Esq.. President of the Ex^utive Counci 
 then requested the members of the Council, the judge.s and law 
 officers ot the Crown, to draw up a report. Th^y did so and Tn 17% 
 recommended a grant of 500.000 acris of land t^,r the e.^Sishmlnt 
 
 TTnlr P "l^' ^"':r' \" '"^'^ «*■ *''^' fo"'- I^i«tricts into which 
 Upper Canada was then divided, and of a central University at some 
 future time They recommended, al.so, that a grant of £3 000 be 
 made to each of the Districts, for the erection oi" " a plL but solid 
 and substantial building, containing a school-room suffic ent to ho d 
 one hundred boys without danger'to their health from too manv 
 being crowded together; and also a set of apartments for the 
 
 aT:£;ble ^lef tdTo'tf "^^', <"T ""r^^'^^ were "^"ommLlid 
 llti^LtT^:::Vo\f:i^^^^ *""^'^ weresufficient,Cornwall 
 
 1803--180G.-In 1803 Mr. John Strachan (afterwards the first 
 Bishop of Toronto), who had come from Scotland in 1799 to take 
 charge of the projected college-which scheme had been aban 
 doned-removed from Kingston to Cornwall, where he opened a 
 
 CmarichiorotJ! T -b-^--^ (1806) c'onstituSl: 
 n«?. f .r ?,^ «f. t>\e District. In 1806 a temporary Act was 
 passed by the Provincial Legislature (made permanent in 1808'? 
 establishing a Classical and Mathematical or ?ubTic Schoorin each 
 ot the eight Districts into which Upper Canada was then divided 
 and granting the sum of £100 per school as the yearly stipend of 
 the master, who was to be appointed by the Governor on th! 
 nomination o the Trustees, wl^were app^ointed haeah District I 
 by Lieutenant-Governor Gore. ■L'lstrici; -^ 
 
 ^.d^l^'~^^ ]^^^ provision was made for an additional Grammar 
 School; annual examinations were instituted; a report was to be 
 sent to the Governor; and ten Common School ptS had to be • 
 educated free of charge. If the number of pupils did not exceed 
 ten, the teacher's allowance was reduced to £50 
 
 ann!id™?oT£4S f '%?""" '' t'^rY^ recommended an 
 
 sZols" Tisqqfdn- r-*^«'uT'* °^ "^"''^" fr^<^ Grammar 
 
 L^ ^^ ^^^ District Schools were converted into Gram- 
 
 * Eastern, Johnstown, Midland, NewcasVe.llome, Niagara, London, Western:" 
 
1^ 
 
 84 
 
 EDUCATIONAL 8YOTKM OK ONTARIO. 
 
 ^■1 
 
 "> ""■"■ port! ».ti 5•;o(.oi^oraHtw;;''Erl^ r'"'-'T' 
 
 Ora,„n,ar Sell;: i ' "ic.toWrTcT K'i' „oT "'" rfT "' ""' 
 Orai.nnar «cl,,K>l,, situated rS4,«,n If ^^' "' '"'" '"■'"" 
 and .tloiuW by .;ixtj ""pil, "" *'■'"" "'"""'"■tj' town, 
 
 ui)..u any Hiijl. Scl,„..l i„ whicIiofLlfi /"'"'''' '" <-""»«'l t.. confer 
 in teachik. the subjoel; f i'' , ,1^";!" ';;;r ""*«'^'r« 'vro fully on.pl..yod 
 Hverugo „f male pupils stu.lvi 1 \ ^ [aJ i" - V ^".'' '" '" '''""'' "'" '^'^'^ 
 than sixty, the uaL Cc^leSe l^'^tu ^ a ^^^ ^"TT «''""»"* be 1 J 
 C.l egiate Institute it shall be lawf.rf r tL uLT'^^t "" ""P'"""' "^ ""^^ 
 authorize the payn.ent of an ac Ut ,a si. m ^ ^'"["'""'/■^yvernor in Council to 
 seven hundred and fifty dolla^ '.«.„>■,. '., f ^ li**" °^! '""' ""* ^•■^''•««Ji>>g 
 provided under the aufhor y ,/ t] ^ " ' 'se" im *'r.?T'''"'",^','"^''''"" ^""^ 
 School Act, passed in the twen y-s.^ o„d v. Ir 'f ii"" ^"r"'"''^'*''' Oran.nmr 
 chaptered sixtv-three; Provided t^.at if a^^vv .V"" ^^'^J"«^J' « '■'-'*«»- an.l 
 described shalf full below sixt/, or the u a ei- .ff ! " i'" "^'TT "^, ''"'"'« ''^"^'^ 
 additional grant shall cease for t at 'ear ad iH-'',"' ''" ^''"^ *"'" ^""'•' "'"-^ 
 to be less than sixty, or the nun iber of , ,a«f 1 I 'he said average shall continue 
 years, the instituticm aha foS the n e^^^ '' f" ^"^^ ^"•■*^" successive 
 tute, until restored by the Lieutenant Govern ri ''p '''"«•? "^ '\ C-'Hogi'ite Insti- 
 provided by this section." ^'*'"'«»'"»t-^"V«rnor m Council, under the conditions 
 
 ; 
 
 
CLASSICAI, SCHOOLS, 
 
 ppointi'd by the 
 eat was ajjplind 
 s wero Hct asido 
 tli« inhabitants 
 erection of the 
 li of four other 
 lio county town, 
 
 condition of 
 periiitendent of 
 -)r the examina- 
 ', who were not 
 also authorized 
 sir sahiries. In 
 
 at Toronto to 
 If,', and to serve 
 
 It was closed 
 
 ar Schools was 
 f these schools, 
 jnefit of these 
 i superior class 
 I, the followin"' 
 
 Buperior classical 
 'ouiicil to confer 
 " fully uinployod 
 wliich tlio daily 
 shall not be loss 
 support of such 
 nor ill Council to 
 ul not oxcueding 
 Education Fund, 
 idated Oraininar 
 nty's reign, and 
 ) of pujiiis above 
 is than four, the 
 e shall continue 
 )r two successive 
 Collegiate Insti- 
 '.r the conditions 
 
 ;0 the " High 
 ips to present 
 of Teaching, 
 •^n allowance 
 to give their 
 In 1879 the 
 ■ant. 
 
 tioned on (1) 
 on character 
 
 8» 
 
 on avernrrA 
 
 I. The High Schools. 
 
 The High Schools, like the Public Schools, are open to pupils of 
 both .se.xes who can pass an Entrance Examination base, on the 
 Jourth-clas.s work of the Public School.s, excepting Music, Uu nes! 
 Jorms and Book-koep.ng. They are intended to furnish a higher 
 hngliHh, or a classical course with modern languages, so that the 
 pup.ls may be h ted to pa.ss the Matriculation Examination of any 
 <.t the Tn.versities ot Ontario; to enter bu.sine,s« ; or to pass the 
 I. -acher s NoN-l»uo|.Ks.si()NAi. examination. * !■*»•' w.e 
 
 /^jld,U!r, and Municipal (,'n,nU-Thi^ Municipal Grant to 
 e.ich High School IS now by law ,ade cjual to the Legislative 
 Grant, which IS apportioned by the Minister of Education on the 
 basis ot .salaries paid to masters and assistants; the character and 
 equipment of school buildings and appendages' and the average 
 attendance of pupil.s. n a ^ u>ejuj,t, 
 
 (MJAMFICATIONS OF HEAD MASTtlRS AND ASSISTANTS. 
 
 The qualifications for the Head-mastership of a High School or 
 Collegiate Institute are (a) a degree in Arts olAamod, attr a reirular 
 course ot study, from any ch.rtere.l University m the British 
 Do.mnions. anJ (6) one year's succe.s.sful teaching as A.ssistant 
 Master m a High School, or in a College, or in a Prilate Schdol. 
 P u- ^ir^ School Assistant must hold a First-class Professional 
 Public Schoo (Jer iticate; or be a Graduate in Arts (as above) or 
 an Undergraduate m Arts of at least two years' standing who has 
 obtained a Profe.ssional Certificate at a Training Institutr 
 
 High School Board—Each High School is a corporation under 
 he government of a Board of six Trustees, who are appointed by 
 the County Council, or m case of a city or town separated from a 
 county, by the Council of each respectively. 
 
 Daties.-Tho High School Board appoints Teachers-a Head 
 Master and at least one Assistant-po.sse,s.sing the qualifications 
 required by the Regulations, provides for the re"quisite accommoda- 
 tion, furniture and apparatus, and upon its own requisition can 
 require the Municipal Council of the district to raise such funds 
 as the school may annually require 
 
 vi.iffrw-T^^,^ '1 ^^« d"fy?f ^ach High School In.spectorto 
 visit the High Schools or Collegiate Institutes as.signed to him at 
 least once m each year ; to spend not less than one day in each 
 school having two or three masters ; in schools with four or over 
 four masters, to ,,pend two or more days, and report in each case to 
 the Department the result of his observations and enquiry. 
 
 Meteorological Ohsei^mtions.-Mastevs of certain Higli Schools 
 make Meteorological Observations and transmit monthly to the 
 Education Department abstracts from their journals. For these 
 observations an additional allowance at th-^ rate of $15 per month 
 arelake^ '' ^""■^^<="ti^'^ «^0"th during which the observations 
 
 I 
 
36 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF OxNTARIO. 
 
 ! I 
 
 COURSE OF STUDY IN HIGH SCHOOLS AND COLLEGIATE INSTITUTES 
 
 Of tSiowi::;tt4s'" SfTh'af "'' --SP--e «"« or other 
 Commercial GonZ (I) TW 1 Pyesmbed for a High School 
 any of the IWsit^os of Onf! •P"''''^"'^^J ^^J^ Matriculation into 
 
 Teacher's Non-Prof essionnl FvJh!; T L' • f* prescribed for a 
 tees, with the concurrence of the Head Master. 
 
 and force. i^.iumg witJi proper expression, enipliasis, inflection, 
 
 2. Orthography and Orthoppv ti,„ ^» 
 the spelling from dictation, ot^pZXViro^^^^^^ ''"^ 
 
 ing of all non-technical English words ^ ° '' ''"*^°''' '^"'^ *'»« ^P^H- 
 
 4" CoM^r ^''''l'""-~^'^'""'°^^''^"^^^y»'''^! e^'^rcises. 
 business lotlersTpLpSasina'"Tv^ 'I'f "^""''^^ ^'!^ paragraphs ; familiar and 
 on tlie prose litera^ture^rescrib^d CS'orT' °" °^ '"'"''' ^''""'^^ ^'^««'' 
 by th3 EduS De^artTne'ntl;^!^^^^^^ ""^'^^ *« "^^^^ be prescribed 
 
 ?■ oir ™ 'VTf "? ';:"*^. '' "^^^''^ -^"-^ ^"^"^'^ History. 
 
 areas of rJc™r fiXf'^v^^^^^^^^^^ ^1>, "-''^^ -'^ practice; 
 
 the circle, sphere, c.vlfndet and ci^T^^el^'litirSf ^'^^^^ ^^ !--« ' 
 
 least •comTort;i;7lUpTeTfSiot^ 'simnSf"^ \-^"^^^* ^°->"- '~e ; 
 unknown quantities ;^i,npleprZems^ '^"'^'""' "^ °"'^' *^«' '"^"^ three 
 10. EucLiD.-Book I., with easy problems. 
 
 Science psr^j^^:i!r^:ijfe^:5eat^ 
 
 amiitions otSom^S^S^^^^^^^^^ '-lading systematic ex- 
 
 organs ; true nature of tltrparts of 1 fl™ ^^ ^ of structure in the diflerent 
 and uses, how distinguished^Sn u derZm, I?."""' ^°""' °^ /°°*«' ^'^'^'^^''^ 
 bulbs an.l tubers, herbs, shrubs and fr,l'! ""'i' ''""""' ^"™'« "^ «tems, 
 
 and disposition o foliaj eavl S, 'of n'^ '""^ ''"''*'"" °^ '^"'^^ = forms 
 leaves, morphology of the calyx' cor 1 ■, « ^''''''"";' 'i'^"'''' ^""»« "^ Ao^^r- 
 the flower due to adhesion, cohesion ml 't '';"''• ^"^^'^^'^ ' modifications of 
 fruits ; the seed and its mrts < or '..; • ^ ^ IT'''"" ""^ !""'*« ' cl'i«sification of 
 
 chlorophyll; formaLn^r,t t "•";S.^s*'L1ndTof^^^^ '''''' 1-"*"^^-- = 
 spaces; structure of leaves exoeem. n^ nnTl. 1 tissues; intercellular 
 
 reproduction in floweitig VS rtZ nf {'^'"""n' ^''■"^"' ' ^""'^ "^ Pl'">t«; 
 the ovule ; reproduction in fern 't le s, L of„r""'"/''f '" }J'''^i^^^>^^on of 
 niation and classification of co nno. nl « i «"tl»ies of classification ; exam- 
 
 '"'ri;;'™""± f "■.— ^^;3';;4s }fs^r-- 
 
 10. ^-REEK— The Elementary Greek Book. 
 
CLASSICAL SCHOOLS. 
 
 TE INSTITUTES. 
 
 me one or other 
 a High School 
 fciiculation into 
 linary Examin- 
 pr escribed for a 
 Masses for the 
 d by the Trus- 
 
 :nowledge of tlie 
 phasis, inflection, 
 
 syllabication, and 
 )r, and the spell- 
 
 ihs ; familiar and 
 's ; tliemes based 
 
 »y be prescribed 
 
 History. 
 
 eography. Map 
 •ticularly. 
 
 y and practice ; 
 3d8 and prisms ; 
 
 nnon measure ; 
 two, and three 
 
 y'b Introductorj' 
 
 J systematic ex- 
 ■■ in the diflerent 
 roots, structure 
 'orms of stems, 
 )f buds ; forms 
 brms of flower- 
 lodifications of 
 slassiiication of 
 ! ; protoplasm ; 
 ; intercellular 
 food of plants; 
 fertilization of 
 ication ; exam- 
 lowing natural 
 usaceie, Sapin- 
 :oiu, Triliaceii!, 
 3se orders, 
 lition, and the 
 
 37 
 
 the tVxts''ps^cribeS,„^^,T-tl>!r^^^^ -""P-ti-, and 
 
 18. German -The Flpm„n+ '^ "^ "'^^ ^'l"'='»t'«n Department, 
 the texts prescribed f rL S "Sm^bTtTe St ^ ""^ ^' ^-P^-'^on, and 
 
 19. Writing. ^ Education Department. 
 
 ^"sifL!mntaSns'"-~^'"^^'*"'^<^""b'« -t'T ; commercial forms ; general 
 
 desi|n\ ''fs'ITppTmi^^l^ff ^ P^''^*'-' «-"«try ; perspective; industriaJ 
 22. Musk;. -Vocal and Theoretical. 
 
 Form II. 
 1. READiNo-Course for Form I. continued. 
 
 wJ. ORTHOORAPHY AND OnTnnpnv n ^ „ 
 
 (). Engli;<h History Cir)Pl.„i;„„ r. i • , tt- ^'"^ersityot loronto. 
 Oeorge III. inclusive XifHtt^zStoTke':'^^^^^^ ^""^- "!• *" 
 
 Punic War to the death of Augustus^Grrk Hi.f ""r"^"'?"* "^ *''« Second 
 Peloponnesian Wars, both inclusKr(UnTverly Passf ™ *'*' ^'^'''''" '" ^^' 
 Greeil;:i^';^-i^5Kr^-^^^^^ Europe. Ancient.- 
 
 O" tZZT'VTr^lZ ''"™ '■ ^°'^*'"-^ (U--sity Pass) 
 
 io:(t:.rRr-Eui:d^i:^^^^ 
 
 Pass). ''"'''''' ^°°'^« I-' 11- HI. ; easy deductions (University 
 
 ".om'ent,?ouS' ;n'2Sf ;rk"l^^^ acceleration, mass, momentum, force 
 
 ..f Motion, -mpositiof kn7':to"u£1/f:S ttdT "* f ^''^^^^^'^ I'"- 
 
 p~ =;;^r resKii;^'^^^ pSHir^^ pitSiS-^; 
 
 b~ter, air-pump, water-pump, ^^n^SSty^S^S^^^^ 
 
 uiclusiv.o"'*"""'-''''^"''''^' E^P---tal Chemistiy (Chaps. I. to XVI. 
 
 14. Botany. -Course in Form I. continued. 
 
 15. Latin; 1G. Greek; 17 French ■ is n.,„ 
 
 ,|ects as prescribed from time to Ue for P^s MaS^nff'~^f '''">''^"°» «"b- 
 nf Toronto. ^ "'^ ^'^^ Matriculation into the University 
 
 19. WRiTiNo.-Course for Form I. continued. 
 
 eontfnued °'"'"™" ^''^ Commehcia. Transaction. -Course for Form 1. 
 
 21. Drawing. -Course for Form I. continued. 
 
 22. Mcsic.-Course for Form I. continued. 
 ^d. Precis-writing and Indexing. 
 
 24. Phonography (optional). 
 
 Form III 
 
 3. English Gram.mar. -Course for Form II. continued 
 
 4. CO.MP0SITI0N. -Course for Form II. continued 
 
 5. Literature. -The critical studv of th- v^t. ■», , , 
 
 tunc for Honor Matriculation into the UniveSty of Tor^'onta "" *™' *« 
 
38 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 0. History.— English History under the Houses of Tudor >.nd Stuart 
 MatriLS^UnTvlV^^'^ """'''''' ^"'''''' '"''^"'^"^^ ^^^ C"'-- («-- 
 Unive^-sityr""^'""'^" "'^ "'"* °^ ^'"°'"'*^ '^''^°''^'" ("°""^' M'^triculation 
 
 Triaiglel"'"''''""''''"''"""^^"""' Matriculation University) The solution of 
 
 13. CHEMrsTRY. -Reynolds' Experimental Chemistry, Chaps. I. to XXVI 
 inclusive. (University Matriculation Examination.) 
 
 ainiliraSv^M !•~'^^''• '*™''^"^*^ "'^"d classification of Canadian flowering plants 
 (University Matriculation Examination.) * 
 
 15. Latin ; 16. Greek ; 17. French ; 18. German.— Examination subiects 
 
 ToroTta " *""' *° ""'' ^°' "°''"" Matriculation into the Unrversity o? 
 
 Fonn IV. 
 
 r.r.S!.rT ^^''*! ^^'" '^"'^y "'J"™' ^^- '*'■« t'^"«« n»^ prescribed by the Uni- 
 Th?. Th Joronto for Senior Matriculation, Pass and Honors. As far as pos- 
 sible, the classes shall be the same as those in Forms II. and III. 
 
 Commercial Course. 
 
 u.r.S'tr,^^''^''! ^T '"^ '^'^'i""'* V' ^'^ Commercial Course are examined at the 
 same time and place, and on the same papers as candidates for Second-class 
 Non-Professional Certificates, that is to say, in the following subjects as pre 
 scribed for Form II., excepting Ancient History and Geography viz :-Aos. 
 ^iu'p S, 20, and 23! °' ^''^''" ^^ "' '^ °' ''' S-up 12 and 14, and 
 
 Craduation Diploma. 
 
 ^n/f^.f "P'* "^^^ passes the Departmental or the University Examination in 
 any of the courses prescribed for Forms II., III. or IV., in High Schooh is 
 entitled to a GraduaUon Diploma signed by the Minister Of Educ-ition am the 
 Head Master of the High School at which such course was completed 
 
 Statistics relating to the High Schools of Ontario for the years 
 
 1854, 1864, 1874, 1884. 
 
 1854. 
 
 1864. 
 
 1874. 
 
 1884. 
 
 Population 
 
 No. of Schools 
 
 No. of Pupils attending Schools ...... 
 
 No. of High School Teacliers 
 
 Amount of Legislative Grant 
 
 Amount of Municipal School Grants 
 
 and Assessments 
 
 Other Receipts !!..!!!. 
 
 Total Income from all Sources ...'..'.< 
 
 Paid Masters' Salaries 
 
 Paid for Sites, Buildings and Repairs. ' 
 
 Other Expenditures 
 
 Total Expenditures , " 
 
 No. of School- Houses. / ^y°^- ■• : ■• 
 { Stone or Brick 
 
 950,551 
 
 in 1850. 
 
 64 
 
 4,287 
 
 99 
 
 $21,939 
 
 «17,496 
 
 1,396,091 
 
 in 1860. 
 
 95 
 
 5,589 
 
 139 
 
 $45,604 
 
 $35,266 
 
 1,620,851 
 
 in 1870. 
 
 108 
 
 7,871 
 
 248 
 
 $76,874 
 
 $156,826 
 
 $11,618 
 
 $9,974 
 
 $65,260 
 
 $51,053 
 
 $90,844 
 
 $298,960 
 
 $43,490 
 
 $73,258 
 
 $179,946 
 
 $.3,404 
 
 $6,139 
 
 $63,684 
 
 tfl39 
 
 $6,419 
 
 $42,963 
 
 ei7,033 
 
 $85,816 
 
 $286,593 
 
 36 
 
 34 
 
 21 
 
 28 
 
 61 
 
 87 
 
 -.,913,460 
 
 in 1880. 
 
 106 
 
 12,737 
 
 358 
 
 $85,206 
 
 $220,668 
 
 $102,103 
 
 $407,977 
 
 $282,776 
 
 $34,013 
 
 $68,637 
 
 $385,426 
 
 6 
 
 100 
 
[O. 
 
 "udor >.nd Stuart. 
 ;he Colonies (Honor 
 
 Honor Matriculati(jn 
 
 >k VI. and definitions 
 
 ty) The solution of 
 
 Chaps. I. to XXVI. 
 
 iian flowering plants 
 
 Examination subjects 
 ito the University of 
 
 jscribed by the Uni- 
 lors. As far as pos- 
 d III. 
 
 ire examined at the 
 tes for Second-class 
 ng subjects as pre- 
 graphy, viz :— Nos. 
 oup 12 and 14, and 
 
 ■aity Examination in 
 in High Schools, is 
 ' Education and the 
 ompleted. 
 
 RIO for the years 
 
 1874. 
 
 1884. 
 
 620,851 
 
 n 1870. 
 
 108 
 
 7,871 
 
 248 
 
 $76,874 
 
 156,826 
 
 865,260 
 298,960 
 179,946 
 ?63,684 
 542,963 
 286,593 
 21 
 87 
 
 %913,460 
 
 in 1880. 
 
 106 
 
 12,737 
 
 358 
 
 $85,206 
 
 $220,668 
 
 $102,103 
 
 $407,977 
 
 $282,776 
 
 §34,013 
 
 $68,637 
 
 $385,426 
 
 6 
 
 100 
 
 CLASSICAL SCHOOLS. 
 
 2. Collegiate Institutes. 
 
 39 
 
 The High School Act nasspH in ifi«K 
 provision in regard to ColieSLte InTtitutes T-T' *^^ '^"^"^"^ 
 
 V^ylliu^^f^^ ^-''^-8«. out-buildings, grounds and appliances for 
 of tifi ptSmTf ""'""" ''''''''' ^-'^^ °f -Terence bearing on the subjects 
 Elei?nts^o'f7c£;s?' ''' "'"^^^'^^ ^^-'-^^ and apparatus for teaching the 
 .V.strt\i!rL'^rnf tlTLwinl 1"" .^^'^".^^ «I--"y qualified to give 
 
 CovetjrSSdr'^'^ ^ ^""^^''^^^ I-*'^"te by order of the Lieutenant- 
 
 Statistics relating to Collegiate Institutes. 
 
 Publ 
 ion 
 
 Ottawa 
 
 Owen Sound 
 
 Perth 
 
 Peterboro 
 
 St. Catharines 
 
 St. Mary's 
 
 St. Thomas 
 
 Stratford 
 
 Strathroy 
 
 Toronto 
 
 AVhitby 
 
 3. Upper Canada College 
 
 Sir jotaafct wii: £Ji?;t:^ ,t*/° *f 7™' ''''■ "ke. 
 
 ..Mp „, one „, tho a^J^^^^ T£^^ uZa'S-, 
 
40 
 
 EDUCA'l'IONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 opinion that the country was not ripe for a University on the scale 
 contemplated in a Royal Charter which had been procured for that 
 purpose, thought it better to found a preliminary and preparatory 
 institution which should meet the immediate educational wants of 
 the country. It was a transcript, more or less close, of an institu- 
 tion in the Island of Guernsey— Elizabeth College— which Sir 
 John had been so recently engaged in reviving. Plans for the 
 erecting of a school-liou,se and four dwelling-houses in connection 
 with " Minor College," as it was frequently termed, in allusion to 
 the university that was to be, were called for in May, 1829, and the 
 College was opened on the 8th of January following. Meanwhile 
 work was carried on in the old Royal Grammar School. The 
 authorities have always kept before them as a mcJel the great 
 public schools of England, and it still continues to be carried on 
 with special regard to that union of the culture of high moral 
 principle with the production of sound scholarship, which is the 
 ideal aimed at in those institutions. 
 
 Endoiumenf.— At the time of its foundation it was endowed 
 with a large grant of public lands, from which it now derives an 
 annual income of 815.000, in addition to its building and grounds 
 in the City of Toronto. Its pupils number about 300, and it aims 
 at preparing them for matriculation in the Provincial and other 
 Universities, and for different professions and pursuits. It is 
 governed by a Committee of the Senate of the Provincial Univer- 
 sity, of which it was made an adjunct in 18-37, under statutes 
 passed by it from time to time; but such statutes are subject to 
 the approval of the Lieutenant-Governor. 
 
 The College can accommodate from 250 to 300 pupils; and 
 since its opening in 1829 upwards of 7,000 of the youth of the 
 Province have received their education, in whole or in part, within 
 its walls. 
 
 COURSE OF INSTRUCTION. 
 
 Forms.— The College is divided into Six Forms or Classes, and the regular 
 curriculum extends over a course of six years ; though, by steady application 
 and hard study, some boys are able to pass through the Six Forms in five or 
 even four years. 
 
 CuRRicx-LUM.— The full curriculum embraces an extended course in Latin, 
 Greek, Mathematics, French, German, English Grammar, Literature and Com- 
 position, History and Geography, both ancient and modern, Experimental 
 Chemistry, Pliysiology, Biblical Knowledge, the usual Commercial Branches, 
 Drawing, Mu a. Gymnastics, Fencing, and Drill Exercises. 
 
 ExHiBiTic.N-s.— Eight exhibitions, entitling the holders to free tuition for a 
 year in the College or any High School or Collegiate Institute, and to $30 in 
 money, are annually awarded in the Fourth and Fifth Forms. 
 
 Prizes.— 1. The Governor-General's Silver Medal, awarded to the pupil of 
 the Fifth Form who stands highest in the linal examinations. 2. Books to the 
 value of $300 are given by different friends. 
 
 Laboratories, etc.— Two laboratories— chemical and physical— with appa- 
 ratus to the value of $500, are used in connection with the College work. 
 
THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 
 
 41 
 
 volumT''"-"''^'' J'"l''^^ '"'^-^ -<=«««« to a librnry containing about 1,200 
 
 teacher of fencing, gymnastics, and ddu"' *'"'""^ *"" instructors is a 
 
 ^orms in five or 
 
 IV. THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 
 
 UNIVKKSITY LEGISLATION IN ONTARIO. 
 
 ^n<^t:&^.^^ :^^\^^ the Pi-ovincial University. 
 
 sumnmiy of the dSn Llh f '^'' ?^ ^^'"^ P^°^^"««' ^ brief 
 to time may be interesti-Scr ° ' enactn.ents ,nade from time 
 
 whicS~nga\'eVBrchttrenL":''t^ ^^T ^^ "^^* "^« P^°J««t for a College 
 tury. But in ill!) t "eLe Se Coum-n '"'^""f "^ i*^* !:^' ''^''^^ •'f *"« las cfn- 
 t.on, and reconnuended tha 500 0,^ a reT'of ^^^ ,'^' "'?"^^ '"*° ^°"«''1«'-''- 
 purpose of establishing a Univeisitv Tl.r„ f V"^ r^^ ^^'«Po«ed of for the 
 £ 0,000 for buildings%„d";;£es wi h fiTo^ "^ the Council comprised 
 scholarships, and contingencies * '^*^ P^"" *"""'» ^or salaries, 
 
 .night'tluV r^islntn^^^^ of '» University it 
 
 Kings College wa's obtained iV Sir Pe^H ^^l^' t*'"^ charter^f 
 
 despatch promised a grant of £1 om nlJ^^ Maitland, and Lord Bathurst's 
 Governor was directe^d to e ifii^.^c^J^^^ ^^r the "^f'^' ^"'^^^'^g- The 
 
 1828-9.-In 1828-9 thp W..i L?! f "* *''^ ^'■''^» Reserves, 
 
 lishmentof their U^pl^LTdfli^^t^^^^^^ began to move for the estab- 
 beeame the University of Vi -toriw P ?i^ Cobourg, which, in the year 1841 
 
 Dr Ryerson, and received I'lr.a^S'orSoS^n^tr't'"^"'^^ «-' 
 College opened with the Faculty of 4rf7 M r "'" "*"" Legislature. The 
 
 1802, and Theology in 1872 ' Medicine was added in 1854, Law in 
 
 ston,'?S."T/cres?f'la'fd w:i:^Ltetfc^^^ ^'^^ ^/«'^"1' ^-'»--". "^ Kin.- 
 which was afterwards in^po ated as Ret; 'rF"'f.^,^"'»'"^ Catholic CollegS, 
 Kingston in 1840. It is not now in opemlon "'*-"' '"''^ ''''' "penod at 
 
 inipS-c^^SiSiS'S ^i^t^'^t:'' 'Tu ^""^"^'^«^ ^y *^<^ 
 
 amending the same and connecting ^.P^ctv 1^ ^ ^""fP', ^'^'^'''l *» Act 
 1840-1. -In 1840 an Ant ,n. T ^'*"''*''*' ^'*'» the University, 
 
 was passed and r^r ed foVtl eS^^^^^^^^^ ^""'^^^ '^^ K'"g«ton 
 
 granted a Royal Charter to tJiensUtutT. ?, -0 '' *","^^",1841 Her Majesty 
 The Faculties of Theology and ArtTwere h«rl/ '^"''®" ^'1"\^^^^^ ^^ Kingston.^ 
 added in 1854, and Law in 18(il thereupon established ; Medicine was 
 
 Charles^TgVrte*^^^^^ laid by Sir 
 
 College, butlt'Sfled? f "irLlSi/^b'''^"'''''^ ?'"«'« ^^'^"'^^^ -^ Q->en's 
 Charter was again anleiidld lyX A ofTsiO "'''^f'..^'i^'» K'"g'« ^'ol^e 
 was denuded of its Tlieological Faculty ' '*"'* *''° ^"''""to Institutifn 
 
 1848._In 1848 St. Joseph's Coll„<r« w..= o^taWkh I . r, . 
 It is now kn.iwii m the College of Ottawa. '^^t^Wislied at Bytowii (Ottawa). 
 
42 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 1851-2,— The authorities of the Church of England in this Province, having 
 determined upon the establishnient of another University, on the abolition of 
 the Faculty of Theology in King's College, obtained an Act of Incorporation in 
 1851 for a new College, and in 1852 a Royal Charter issued to the University of 
 Trinity College, Toronto, and the Diocesan School of Theology, at Cobourg, 
 whicli had been in existence for several years under the Venerable Archdeacon 
 Bethune, who subsecjuently became the second Bishop of Toronto, was there- 
 upon merged in it. 
 
 1853.— In 1853 the Legislature again amended the Charter of the Univer- 
 sity of Toronto (the new name of King's College), and separated the University 
 from the College. ' , ■■•>ng it .\t uie same time of the Professors of Law ami 
 Medicine. By t) ; . ' j University became the examining body, also con- 
 ferring degrees ii« tr, and Medicine, and the College was constituted a 
 teaching institutioi. the faculty of Arts. Convocation was abolished, and 
 the government was vested in a Senate appointed by the Crown. 
 
 1857.— In 1857 the Methodist Episcopal Church established a Seminary at 
 Belleville for the education of students of both sexes, which in 18GG and 1871 
 was incorporated as the University of Albert College (now alliliated as Albert 
 College with Victoria University). 
 
 18G8.— In 1808 the annual Legislative Orants, which had been long enjoyed, 
 were withdrawn from the following institutions : Victoria College, ?!6,000, and 
 8760 for Medical Faculty ; Queen's College, »5,000 ; Regiopolis, $3,000 ; St. 
 Michael s College, $2,000 ; Trinity College, $4,000 ; Ottawa College, $1,400 ; 
 L' Assumption College, $1,000 ; and $750 each for the Medical Faculties of 
 Kingston and Toronto. 
 
 1873.— In 1873 another Act modifying tlio Constitution of the University 
 of Toronto was pa8»e<l. The main features will be found in the account of the 
 University of Toronto on page 43. 
 
 , 1874. — In 1874 the Charter and Acts relating to Victoria College were 
 repealed, and a new Act passed for the appointment of the College Board by 
 the General Conference of the Methodist Church (if Canada, By this same Act 
 the Senate was composed of the President and the Professors of the different 
 Faculties, with power to confer degrees in Arts, Science, Law, Divinity and 
 Medicine. The Board of Trustees of Queen's College was made a solf-perpetuat- 
 ing body, and the University became the University of the Presbyterian Church 
 in Canada. Convocation was composed of Trustees, Lecturers, Tutors, Fellows, 
 Graduates .and Alumni, or students being undergraduates; a Council was 
 organized ; provision made for the registration of Graduates or Alumni as 
 might desire to vote for elective members of the Council and for the Chan- 
 cellor; the Principal was declared to bo Vice-Cancellor, and the Board of 
 Trustees were empowered to elect a Vice-Principal. 
 
 1878.— In 1878 the Westorn University of London, Ont., was incorporated, 
 and power given to Huron College to afKliate. 
 
 1870.— In 1879 provision was made by Act of Parliament that the Dean of 
 the Faculty of Theology should be nominated by the "Board of Victoria 
 College" and appointed by General Conference. In the election of repre- 
 sentatives of the alumni to the Senate all graduates of three years, and regis- 
 tered, were entitled to vote and declared eligible for election. 
 
 1881. — In 1881 power was given to Knox College to confer degrees in 
 Divinity. 
 
 1883. — In 1883 certain changes were made in the "Board of Victoria 
 College" by the addition of six representatives of the graduates and of the 
 President. The Senate was also increased by the addition of the Principal and 
 Professors from the Wesleyan Theological College, Montreal. 
 
 1884. — In 1884 Victoria University was formed by the amalgamation of 
 Victoria College and Albert College. All powers and functions were vested in 
 the General Conference of the Methodist Church. The title of the Board was 
 changed to "The Board of Regents of Victoria University." The President 
 was constituted Chancellor, and a Vice-Chancellor was to be elected by the 
 graduates every two years. The number of representatives of the gr.iduates 
 
was incorporated. 
 
 confer degrees in 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 43 
 
 nrtl^Tt'itf fi ;S.teS?;'"i'M"^ r^" '*"°-'^ representation. 
 «e„tatives on' the Se/rt/oTthe Unitrs'tv':'f K„7 ""Z^frrf- *"° ^"P'*" 
 en,,,owered to grant the degree of Siinoi ca^a! "'*' University was 
 
 PKK.Or.X.M.S PuBUHHBn BV Sxun^M.S .X TH. U.XV.H.SIT.KS ANZ> Co.LKOKS 
 
 S;SS:„;«;:;::;;;V University Of Toronto. 
 K0SWO8 ... j- Victoria University 
 
 tZ I T I''''"««' College, \4itbv 
 
 UNIVEBSITY OF TORONTO A»D UNIVEHSITY COLLEGE. 
 
 Tl,7fe, '"'•'; "<>''P'"-»W.™s Mnsiitato the Provincial Univerail^v 
 
 smstical office, nor need any member of ih^ Pm,r,„;i 
 
 te"/r;'r^r;i^ri^:t^2!:^l?-°4K'^"^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 anrl tho fir.f 1 1 . •'''^"^ents The institution was inaugurated 
 ana the hrst students adm tted in '[R4,'\ anA +v,« a 1. '""o""''|'*'<^i 
 was held in 1844. ^^^'^'^^^^ i" 1»*'^, and the first Convocation 
 
 (Jent, the Deans of the three Faculties nnrl o flf^i. t 
 
 appointed by Convocation, was formed ' "''"'^''' 
 
 In 1853 another Act was passed, under which the TTniv^reU., 
 was cons ituted with two corporation^, "The Universitv of Snt^ 
 and" University College," the functions of the ormer bll Hm^ted 
 
 tt ^r'f? Tchr t ''"'t5f '^ '^^ '^^'^^ '" ^hTseveral Fa ul 
 ties, or tor scholarships and honors, and the rrrantin^r nf ;,i»T, 
 
 now consisted ot the Chancellor, appo nted by the Lieutennnf 
 Governor, the Vice-Chancellor, elected by the Senate and s^I' 
 other members of the Senate as the Governor may appoinrConvo 
 cation hav Pfr bee" aV^rli"^A'^ P- *) • t "^ °:PP°''^'^' <-^onvo- 
 
 -i-„ uee.. .a..o!i.,neu. i5y this Acc certain institutions, 
 
44 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTAIUO. 
 
 lJn"iersu'''' '*"''^"*'' """^* ^^ examined, were affiliate.! with the 
 
 In 1873 further amendments were made in the constitution of 
 t e University. The ChanceHor was made elective for a period o 
 thiee years by Convocation, which was then re-established The 
 Senate was composed of the Chancellor, several ex-officio members 
 hfteen elected by Convocation and nine appointed by the Lieuten-' 
 
 Pol'SfJ /"T 'n n'"'!'^'^' ^^^ respective terms. Convocation was 
 composed of all GroJuates in Law, Medicine and Surrrerv all 
 Masters o Arts, and Bachelors of Arts of three years' staS; a 
 
 mg. By thi.s Act the powers of the Senate were extended to all 
 branches of knowledge, literature, science and arts, and also to 
 granting certihcates of proficiency to women; the power of affilia- 
 "^^M^J:^::^:.::^;^^ '-^'^ - also^mpowered to 
 
 tJl^^lfpf^TtJa^^ 
 
 ConvoclIS ^'' '* '"''' ^'""'^""*' '^'^""^^ ^' "^ '»^'»ber of 
 
 In 1884 the University was empowered to conf- the degree of 
 LL.D. Iionon, canm; the representation of j Hi^h School 
 Mas ers on he Senate was increased to two, ,d "each legally 
 
 id 
 lit from the Reiris- 
 
 qualified assistant teacher " was entitled to se 
 trars List a name to be voted on. 
 
 ^^ena^.?.-The Senate consists of (1) the Chancellor ; (2 . twentv- 
 CZ'uZr^^lT «l^«ted by Convocation and nine\iimTnated 
 by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council; and (3) certain ex-oMcio 
 members: the Minister of Education; the Pre.sident of UnhStv 
 
 of thf Law sf;-r'Pf '' ^PP"' ^'^"^"^^ ^«"^^-; '^ repre."entat te 
 ot the Law Society; two repre.sentatives of High School Masters- 
 all former Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors, and two members of 
 
 GonvocaHon -Thh consists of the Graduates in the several 
 Faculties and their powers are clearly defined by Act of ParHa 
 ment. This body meets at least once a year, but may mee aV^ch 
 times and places as the Executive Committee may order. 
 
 "i'aci/i^iV^s -Degrees are granted in the Faculties of Arvs Law 
 Medicine and Engineering ; instruction in the Departments of Arls 
 
 TraclrSdet^^'^'""^" ''''''''''''' ^^"^»^ '^' ^^^ ^^^^-^ o^ 
 
 College CouncU.~The President, the Vice-President, the Pro- 
 fessors of the different Faculties, and the Dean of Residence form 
 this body, which makes statutes for the good government and 
 discipline o the College, Professors, etc.. Tnd genemir for the 
 management of the property and business thereof" ^ 
 
iliated with the 
 
 THE ITNIVEHSITY OK TOKONTO. 
 
 4« 
 
 the S^troi;;;?!^ o'„t If r^i:';rirf-"- '" --■ "-»" 
 
 iiistituli,,,, which aft "rf, tSS , ° ""'""""y"' '«» ." i»t having acoe» to any 
 ,.-.o..o.bl. in e,.„neet ii.h ffZ:^^^:^'' O^StlX^niT" " 
 
 le^e an.l E tl„f °-. '" '^™f=»»'"-' >"<! LeclutcK. This Col- 
 the Bursartnil,'. 1 'Jni»erMty. which i, administered by 
 Gove™: i, cSuE"" DL"e°irv P M ™""°' °' ""' """'e-ant': 
 composed of tir^Lid^rZ^ScS^'nTfoll'^-'' ^\""?" 
 
 £. a„'d1Safpf oTo-^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 yea,., each consistingof fwo JZ °' '' '"™'''" '""'■ '"''-""''= 
 
 T,eJ-^bein^tco":is?d't'l„'°,P"*\\""^™'''"™'«-""n«tion 
 entitled to iJ<Ko° The?r,l »"•'?,". °' the University, or 
 nation, in the University ,„L to TJ'".'^ '? ''"'"' """'"'' "^""i- 
 well as for the partic51?^do°ree, It ,lnf "*,"« ^'""' ''^ '""■ >» 
 lated ™ay attenS lecture's KTditrerentSelartoenTs n,""^'"""- 
 .natr,c„lat,o„ examination is prescribed byTSeiitJ^tX 
 
 EXAMINATIONS, 
 aa necessary f„r tlieir respective standings ^ l^'uversity „f Toronto 
 
 .nas, at tl,e discretion of each Professor itlectum ^xannnations at Christ- 
 
 passed in all the prescribed subjects °" *'"' ^'^'« ^'«*« ""*'! '^^ has 
 
46 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO, 
 
 4 CertificftteB «.f Honor in each department are awarded to those Students 
 who have been placed in the First Class at the Examinations. 
 
 6. The Examinations for both Pass and Honors in the University for all 
 Students of the Second and Third Year attending Lectures in University 
 Co ege, will be conducted by the Professors, Tutors, and Lecturers of tlie 
 College, and conjointly with Associate Examiners appointed by the Senate, at 
 the same time as the University Examinations for the First and Fourtli Years. 
 
 6. Non-matriculated Students are not required to attend the Examinations, 
 unless they are Candidates for Prizes or Honors, or desire to obtain CertiHcates 
 of attendance. 
 
 Matriculation Examinations for the Provincial and other Univer- 
 sities and Colleges may be held, under the direction of the Educa- 
 tion Department, at the same time and the saiae places as the 
 Examinations for Certificates to First and Second-class Teachers. 
 
 FELLOWSHIPS. 
 
 Seven Fellowships, of the value of $500 each, are open for appointment 
 each year, on the recommendation of the College Council. The selection will 
 be made immediately after the publication of the result of the University 
 Jiixaminations m May, from among the Graduates of the University of Toronto. 
 
 The Statute requires that each Fellow shall be appointed annually : but he 
 may be reappointed for a period not exceeding in all three years. 
 
 Each Fellow is reciuired to assist in the teaching and practical work of the 
 department ; to pursue some special line of study therein ; and to devote his 
 entire time during the College Terms to the work of the Department, under the 
 direction of the Professor or Lecturer. 
 
 The Statute provides that "The Fellows shall be appointed from among 
 the Grraduates of the University of Toronto, on the recommendation of the 
 t/oUege Council, and shall be selected with a special view to their aptitude for 
 teaching along with their acquirements in the work of the Department to which 
 each Fellowship is attached." And also that " Every Fellow on accepting his 
 appointment shall come under an obligation to fulfil the duties of his Fellowship 
 during the College Terms of the Academic Year in whicli he is appointed, unless 
 specially exempted by resolution of the College Council. " 
 
 MEDALS AND SCHOLARSHIPS. 
 
 The Governor-General (Lord Lansdowne) has presented a silver medal for 
 annual competition in University College. It is open to the competition of 
 honor students of the third year. Mr. John Macdonald has given an annual 
 scholarship of f 50 for general proficiency to second year students. Prizes in 
 books are also awarded. The Prince of Wales' annual scholarship of $50 is 
 open to competition to junior matriculants of the University. The Mary 
 Mulock scholarship is awarded for proficiency in classics. In addition to these 
 special scholarships, there are also a number of other University scholarships 
 and prizes open to competition. 
 
THE UNIVERSITY OP TORONTO. 
 
 1 to those Students 
 I. 
 
 1 UnivHreity for all 
 ires in University 
 1 Lecturers of the 
 I by the Senate, at 
 and Fourtli Years. 
 
 the Examinations, 
 obtain Certificates 
 
 id other Univer- 
 1 of the Educa- 
 3 places as the 
 lass Teachers. 
 
 1 for appointment 
 The selection will 
 of the University 
 r-ersity of Toronto. 
 
 ictical work of the 
 
 and to devote his 
 
 irtment, under the 
 
 47 
 
 i silver medal for 
 le competition of 
 I given an annual 
 idents. Prizes in 
 )larship of $50 is 
 •sity. The Mary 
 addition to these 
 rsity scholarships 
 
 ^■C»0.2.Eg>&1|§.i . 
 "o ^3 S ►J <; Z; N •a ^ 
 
 
 t-ioooi 
 
 - 1 I 
 =5 
 
 C 3 
 
 to 
 
48 
 
 EDUCATIONAf, SYSTEM OK ONTAKIO. 
 
 V. TECHNICAL SCHOOLS. 
 Undor tins hoail are iiicIiKlwl tho following:— 
 
 1. The School of I^ractical Science. 
 
 2. The Ontario School of Art. 
 
 3. The A^M'icultural Collej,'e. 
 
 I. The School of Practical Science. 
 Prior to tho year 1,S71 there was no iastitution in tho Province 
 tor practical lastruction in the inchistrial science.s. In 1870 the 
 Oovernnient of the Province i.s.s.,e.l a couuni.ssion to Dr. Ho.l.rins 
 Deputy Superintendent of Education, and to Dr. Machatti: of 
 London, directing them to proceed to the United States for the 
 purpose of .aspecf.nig and reporting upon any Technical or Science 
 Schools or (JolIege.s there establishe.l, as to tLir huildings, depart- 
 ments ot .study an< general appliances. On their return L Report 
 was submitted to the Govemn.ent. with full details as to the3 o f 
 the proposed institution. The Government acted upon the infor- 
 ...aton contained in the-r Report, and with a grant of SoO.OOO 
 estab ished a "College of Technology" in Toiont^. The loca ion 
 was toun.l to be unfavorable, and the building defective. Con 
 oZn ^/'i/'P'-.^^ Hon. Adam Crooks, Q.Q, Minister of Edu- 
 to tZ" iT • >7^-"- ■•"'''■ ^r^ " •^"'^•^'^•« «"« ^^'^ «'-««fced close 
 th« TnTr T^'i University. In this way the services of four of 
 
 n^r M?n 1 r'; ""';• 2h«'"'«try, Natural Philosophy, Geology 
 
 wis o^ZT F' ^f""?^- ^^^"'y ^'^^^ ^«^'"^y- '•^he new building 
 was opened tor students in September, 1878, 
 
 A?plio.7chiJJ;. ' ^••^-^y>"gan.lM,„,„g(Jeolo,,y. :{. AnalytiS.! and 
 
 iroup ot courses. In the Department of Engineering, the University of Torm.f,. 
 
 t"se ftT. rV^'f "" "^ ?-^\ '"' ''"'^'''•^^ "^ ">^ School^ dI^^Z a X^ leTmc 
 t^sed their Profession for tliroe years after receiving such Diploma. ' 
 
 the ^onZ' ~^''°^'' '" "'" '"''"" "^ **'' '"•" '^^'^'-'^^'^ *»« P".es in each year of 
 
 of aii," rat"u?fo!-^r J!'' ^''^""^' f^aboratory is furnished with a large collection 
 
 SEndHe^ «M>enment8 in the Departments of Mechanics, Sound 
 
 Ke sal d; ,.rhi\ '" .^""f JMM'l'^^^vith instrunients for indioulual work 
 
 nusLT " I?tt >^ f i f" '''^'^"""•'' ^'^"''^ "''' 'P"='"^ laboratories which offer 
 
 p:cii/op ca rtr"'"*'"' -Pe".nents in Sound and Heat. There is also 
 
 111! 
 
TKCHNICAI, .SCHOOLS. 
 
 4f> 
 
 lecializeil Course 
 
 « in each year of 
 
 Ln 
 
 ..IMKAKIKN, MimKCMH. KTf Tim I il.i....... f jl u i i ■ .. 
 
 2. Ontario School of Art. 
 
 In the year I87.;i u deputation from the Ontario Society of 
 Art...t.s wa. e.l upon the Hon. Mr. C.Vook.s, Trea,surer of tho Province 
 to ropresen the pul.I.c benefit that would result if an Art School 
 were established ,n connection with their Society. Thrresult o 
 their application was a grant of .fl.OOO, with the condition that at 
 
 mirroT'Tht s'l ""r"' T"'^' ^'^^ ^'-^^ tuition wlif^^^^^ 
 rcu.uneration. Ihe School opened in October, 1876, under the 
 
 management ot a Council co.r-posed of the Provincial T^asurer and 
 
 SIX representatives of the Society. In the course of a few years th 
 
 School was removed to the Education Department building^ so that 
 
 the teachers-in-training in the Nonnal School might avai them 
 
 se vos of Its advantages and the objects of Art in the museum 
 
 Int with E"n"'f V^'-'' ""y ^^'^ '''' ^'»»«f SupeS n: 
 dent with that special object in view. [Ed. Report. 18581 An 
 
 arrangement was entered into between the Depirtment and the 
 
 Society, and cla,s.ses were established specially a<lkpte<l for mechan! 
 
 ics, teachers, and Normal School students. The School op ned ?n 
 
 .ts new quarters on 10th October. 1882. After the fourth Son 
 
 with fho"A^" ' T: J'" ?r''y '^ ^''''^'^ '««'Sned its connecron 
 w th the School of Art. It is now under the direction of the Min- 
 ister of Education and is managed by a Superintendent. 
 
 Ohjed of the School.-The aim of the School is to prepare such 
 teachers as niay be required for teaching Industrial Drawing in 
 Publuj and B^^h Schools, Mechanics' Institute.s, and Industria 
 Art Schools ; aLso to provide Technical Instruction and Art Culture 
 to persons employed m the various trades, manufacture.s, etc., re- 
 quiring artistic skill. ' 
 
 COURSE OF INSTRUCTION. 
 Primaky—Grade B. 
 Freehaml from the " Flat. " I Linear Prospective. 
 
 Practical Geometry. I Model Drawins 
 
 Memory and Blacitboard Drawing. 
 Students must pass the necessary Examinations in two of these subiecl* 
 before they can be permitted to study in the advanced classes. ^ 
 
 Shading from Flat Examples. 
 Outline Drawing from the "Eound" 
 
 (Casts or Nature), 
 Shading from the "Round." 
 Drawing from Flowers and objects of 
 
 Natural History 
 
 Second, or High— Grade A. 
 
 Advanced Perspective. 
 Descriptive Geometry and Typographi- 
 cal Drawing. 
 Drawing fron. Dictation. 
 Machine Drawing. 
 Building Construction. 
 
 Painting in Oil and Water Colors. 
 Modelling in Clay and Wax 
 
 Industrial Design. 
 Special Subjects. 
 
 Wood Can-inir. 
 
 Wood Engraving, including Pictorial 
 Work. 
 
50 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 'I 
 
 Certificates.— A Proficiency Certificate is awarded for each gubject A 
 Certificate, Grade B entitling the holder to teacli Drawing in High Schools, 
 Model Schools, or Mechanics' Institutes, is awarded to a student who passes in 
 all the subjects of the Primary Course. A Certificate, Grade A, is awarded to a 
 student who passes m the first eight subjects of the Advanced Course. The 
 holder is legally qualified to teach in an Art School. 
 
 Medals.— The Minister of Education presents a Gold Medal for the 
 Advanced Course. Candidates must be bona fide students in regular attendance 
 at the Ontario School of Art or the institution affiliated. A Bronze Medal is 
 given for highest number of marks in Primary Grade B. A Bronze Medal is 
 given to the student from a Mechanics' Institute who makes the highest marks 
 in the same grade. 
 
 Summer Sessions.— Free Industrial Drawing Classes have been 
 established for the benefit of High and Public School teachers 
 during each summer vacation. The course consists of 
 
 Freehand Drawing from flat examples, 
 Practical Geometry, 
 
 I1i"?^'' P«^i"spective, I Twelve lessons each. 
 
 Model Drawing, I 
 
 Blackboard Drawing from memory, j 
 for Grade B ; and of 
 
 Shading from flat examples, 20 lessons ; 
 Industrial Design, 16 lessons ; 
 Machine Drawing, 15 lessons ; 
 Drawing from Dictation, 10 lessons. 
 
 Affi,liatio7i. — Any college or private school may, for the pur- 
 pose of taking the Departmental Examination, and with the consent 
 of the Department, be affiliated with the Ontario School of Art. 
 Several schools and colleges have already availed themselves of 
 this privilege. 
 
 Local Art Schools.— By an Act passed in 1885, the Education 
 Department was empowered to make regulations for the organiza- 
 tion and management of local Art Schools ; to prescribe a Curri- 
 culum of Studies for such schools, and, on examination, award 
 Certificates valid in any municipality in the Province. 
 
 THE EDUCATIONAL MUSEUM. 
 
 In 1849 an Act was assented to, granting five hundred pounds 
 per annum for the establishment and support of a School of Art 
 and Design for Upper Canada. This fund was allowed to accumu- 
 late for several years, and, together with special grants, was 
 expended in the purchase of a collection of objects of Art, which 
 gradually increased so much in size that it became necessary to 
 erect new school buildings and devote all the lecture rooms, etc., of 
 the original Normal School building to the purposes of the museum. 
 
 The original plan of having a School of Art and Design was 
 not carried out until 1882. In the meantime the museum was 
 thrown open free to the public every day, except Sundays, and 
 students from the city having art tastes have the privilege of 
 copying from the paintings, statuary, etc. As an indirect aid to 
 Art the museum has been very valuable, and the students of the 
 Ontario School of Art have ace "' to its examples for the purposes 
 of study. 
 
TECHNICAL SCHOOLS. 
 
 51 
 
 The museum is a source of attraction to visitors. It contains :— 
 
 1. Plaster casta of Egyptian, Assyrian, 
 
 Babylonian, Persian, Grecian and 
 Roman statuary, antiquities. 
 
 2. Architectural sculpture, different 
 ' periods. 
 
 3. Antique sculpture, statues, busts, 
 
 etc. 
 
 4. Modern sculpture, statues, busts, 
 
 etc. 
 
 5. Medallions and medals.- 
 ('). Bas-reliefs, 
 7. Copies of paintings of Italian, 
 
 Flemish, Dutch, German, French 
 and Spanish Schools 
 
 8. Photographs of prehistoric Egypt- 
 ian, Assyrian, Cyprian, Grecian, 
 Etruscan, Roman, and other anti- 
 quities; illustrations of decora- 
 tive art of different ages ; views 
 of cities ; national historical por- 
 traits ; British National Gallery 
 paintings, etc., etc. 
 
 9. Engravings; etchings; chromolith- 
 ographs, etc. 
 
 10. British American collection of maps, 
 charts, portraits, etc. 
 
 11. Reproduction in fictile ivory. 
 
 12. Electrotype reproductions. 
 
 13. Curiosities and antiquities, various. 
 The museum also contains a large collection of philosophical 
 
 apparatus suitable for schools and colleges. It is representative 
 on a small scale, of the South Kensington Museum ; and duplicate 
 copies of plaster casts, drawings, etc., are loaned to other Art 
 Schools throughout the Province. 
 
 3. Ontario Agricultural College and Experimental Farm. 
 
 This Institution, established in 1874, is situated near the City 
 ot Gueiph, in the centre of an extensive agricultural and noted 
 stock-raising district. The Fnrm consists of 550 acre.s, about 400 
 ot which are cleared. It is composed of almost every variety of 
 farmin"''^"^''^" '^ '^ "^^^ ^""'^^^ ^°'' ^^^ purpose of experimental 
 
 Objects.— Its objects are : (1) To give a thorough mastery of 
 the practice and theory of husbandry to young men of the Province 
 engaged in, or intending to engage in, Agricultural or Horticultural 
 pursuits ; and (2) to conduct experiments tending to the solution of 
 questions of material interest to the Agriculturists of the Province 
 and to publLsh the results from time to time. 
 
 Matrimlation.— The subjects are as follows : Reading Writing 
 and Dictation, English Grammar, Arithmetic— to the end of Simple 
 of cTnad " ' ^^^ °"*^"''^^ °^ General Geography, and the Geography 
 
 Ttdtion ^ccs.— Residents in Ontario, with one year's apprentice- 
 ship, 820 a year ; without the apprenticeship, $30. Non-resident 
 with one year's apprenticeship, SoO ; without apprenticeship $100 
 tor the hrst year, and $50 for the second. The charge for board 
 etc., IS two dollars and a half per week, washing extra. 
 
 Labor.— AM regular students are required to work in the out- 
 side departments— farm, live stock, garden, carpenter shop and 
 experiments, during the afternoon of every alternate day ; and for 
 one hour in the morning in the live stock department. This labor 
 is paid for at a rate per hour, fixed by the Farm Suoerintend«n<-- 
 ana tiie payments are credited on board accounts. 
 
52 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTAHIO. 
 
 COURSE OF INSTUUCTION. 
 I. CouH.SE OF Study. 
 
 First Year 
 Agriculture. ■ 
 Live Stock. 
 Inorganic Chemistry. 
 Organic Chemistry. 
 Veterinary Anatomy. 
 Veterinary Materia Medica. 
 Zoology. 
 
 -Subjects : 
 
 Botany. 
 
 Geology. 
 
 English Literature. 
 
 English Composition. 
 
 Book-keeping. 
 
 Arithmetic. 
 
 Mensuration. 
 
 Agriculture. 
 
 Live Stock. 
 
 Dairying. 
 
 Arboriculture. 
 
 Agricultural Chemistry. 
 
 Veterinary Pathology. 
 
 Veterinary Surgery and Practice. 
 
 Second Year — Subjects: 
 
 Entomology. 
 
 Meteorology. 
 
 English Literature. 
 
 Political Economy. 
 
 Book-keeping. 
 
 Mechanics. 
 
 Levelling and Surveying. 
 
 Systematic and Economic Botivny, 
 DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION. 
 
 I. Agriculture ; IL Natural Science ; III. Veterinary Science ; IV. English 
 and Political Economy ; V. Mathematics and Book-keeping. 
 
 II. Course of Apprentioe.ship. 
 
 o ml" *t'-^ Course there are live Departments, viz. :— 1. The Farm Department ; 
 -J. The Live Stock ; 3. The Horticultural ; 4. The Mechanical ; 6. The Ex- 
 perimental. The work is done by divisions, which work alternately in the 
 afternoon and one hour in the morning with the live stock. 
 
 Special Cla.s.ses.— A special class is organizod in the fall for such students 
 as wish to devote a few months t<- the study of live stock and veterinary science 
 The members of this class spend half of every alternate day and an hour every 
 morning in working among the live stock, and the rest of the time in study 
 The work done by this class is not paid for. A special silver medal is awarded 
 to the best second year student on reaching a certain standard. 
 
 Diplomas^— Diplomas admitting to the status of "Associate of the Ontario 
 Agricultural College " are granted on certain conditions. 
 
 Medals.— Three medals are offered for competition among the students of 
 the second year— the gold medal, the tirst sih ar medal, the second silver medal. 
 The examinations for these medals are both written and practical. 
 
 VI. SCHOOLS FOR SPECIAL CLASSES. 
 
 I. Ontario Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. 
 
 In the year 1858, a Society wa.s established in Toronto for the 
 instruction of the Deaf and Dumb and of the Blind, the entire 
 control being vested in a Superintendent under the direction of a 
 Committee. The Course of Instruction, intellectual and mechanical, 
 was under the guidance of a Master and Assistants, subject to thn 
 
ce; IV. English^ 
 
 ;e of the Ontarii 
 
 SCHOOLS FOE 8PE..UAL CLASSES. 53 
 
 Councils. At tho ™of thTLT"" ^^f^ '™" ="'"'" «°->'y 
 
 regular attcdani The «St Mfn/nT',*"™ ""'^ ."• P"P"» '" 
 tember, 1861. ""'' P°P''' "'"'™ admitted in Sep- 
 
 undl; Ihe V„p°eS" "r, ZJiZ^'J^- •?™"'°"- -^ P'-i 
 the Government Tile in,(rn!f- ■ '-"""'"mioners appointed by 
 
 »arily of a verfelementL^Xr, «■'''", '.° ""' •>""<" "«" "«««■ 
 
 forLtr„etin/ttrta''S:d*StirT„ito'"Thri:t-tT"'""^ 
 earned on until July, 1870 by Mr J R M.fl '"^'"''i''"'' "»» 
 
 the e,,tabli,hment of Lehool Z the diundtm"b " •"°""" '" 
 Edl'?S„*'is dtte£5 W Ihe^Sovr^^'t?'" Superintendent of 
 
 had been voted by ParUament 1^ S?,rf "^.1"^™"?" "* *'*<'■''»'' 
 for the edueating ^^i^f r.i'^atd'the' bliT '"" "' '*~" 
 
 InsSofto ft:Vd';,cSLn''al;d1 ?'°'?'' '*7\"'' o-""- 
 Dumb was opened at Belfevme the Prinri" w°t *^', ^'"■' "'■'' 
 
 By Act of ParJiament the Inspector of Prisons RnH A..i 
 In.itution, snbjeeti ^hT^^p^^r^'X Lira:i!So»'„tt 
 
 cases, is limited to seven veC No T "'*'°"' Tf P^^" ^P^^^^^ 
 
 the ii:^xz fhi^hr "ani't " thiT d'' ''"' ?»?ttf '" *'- ^--r 
 
 Province, due allowancrbe^gTde or dtffereZ' w' P"^"« Schools of the 
 capacity of the punils as in tl.« d/ffilu ",'™'^«"<^e' "«* so much m the mental 
 of instruction eSyed are ?L£^^^ a, teaching the subjects. The modes 
 
64 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 
 ■ 1 
 
 learn that the interests of these "children of silence" are so faitlifully and 
 earnestly niinisteied to. In the Industrial Department both classes are pro- 
 vided with instruction and work. The boys are instructed ui cabinetniaknig, 
 carpentering, shoemaking and tailoring ; while the girls are taught to sew, to 
 make dresses, to do fancy work, and are trained in household duties. 
 
 Since the Institution was opened in 1870 not fewer than 700 
 have enjoyed its benetits. 
 
 2. Ontario Institution for the Education of the Blind. 
 
 The beginning of this Institution, which has now assumed so 
 high a position, was extremely humble. In the year 1861, Dr. 
 Beverley Morris, who was for a short time Superintendent of the 
 " Society for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind," 
 which was established in 1858, received among the pupils four who 
 were blind. Although the appliances for teaching were very 
 meawre, substantial progress was made. As has been stated in the 
 sketch of the " Institution for the Deaf and Dumb," the Institution 
 was removed to Hamilton under Mr. J. B. McGann. The Institution 
 in its present form, like the sister institution for the deaf and dumb 
 in Belleville, was, in consequence of the Legislative Grant made 
 in 1869, established in the city of Brantford, in the year 1872, for 
 the education and training of the blind youths of the Province, 
 between the ages of seven and twenty-one years, who are not dis- 
 qualified through disease or mental incapacity. It is intended to 
 be supplementary to the Public Schooi System of the Province, and 
 admits those whose sight is so defective or impaired as to prevent 
 them from receiving education by the ordinary methods. It is not 
 necessary, therefore, that a youth should be totally blind in order 
 to be entitled to the benefits of the Institution. 
 
 COURSE OF INSTRUCTION. 
 
 The pupil is taught Arithmetic, Grammar, Geography, Reading, Writing, 
 and, at a more advanced stage, English Literature and History. He is instructed 
 in the use and form of common objects, in Natural History and Physiology, 
 and sometimes Popular Chemistry is also tauglit. In many of these subjects 
 pupils attain a high degree of proficiency. 
 
 Reading is taught by the use of embossed type traced by the fingers ; 
 Writing with the aid of a grooved card, which acts as a guide to the hand ; 
 Geography by the agency of dissected maps ; Natural History by handling 
 models or stufied specimens of birds, animals or fishes. A system known as 
 the Point Print Cypher, written with the assistance of a stylus and a brass 
 guide, is used for correspondence, for music writing, and for copying books and 
 documents. 
 
 Concurrently with this course the pupil is, where his ability justifies it, 
 introduced to the study of music, including lessons on either the Pianoforte, 
 Organ or Violin, or on more than one of those instruments, if a special talent be 
 exhibited. Where the voice is susceptible of successful cultivation, the pupil 
 receives careful instruction in Vocal Music. Advanced music pupils are also 
 instructed thoroughly in Harmony, Counterpoint and the Theory of Music, If 
 a male pupil possesses a correct ear and other qualifications likely to tit him for 
 the business of a pianoforte tuner, he enters the tuning class and receives a 
 regular course of instruction in that branch of training. On graduating from 
 the tuning class the pupil receives a complete outfit of tools valued at about 
 thirty dollars. 
 
wer than 700 
 
 INSTITUTIONS PARTLY AIDED BY GOVERNMENT. 66 
 
 a competent trades instructor is the "«-- - '"? !?^ '"''' *""«'** ""'^«'' 
 
 an intelligent youth n.ay Krad'uvte«aT 'f ""'"*"'• , ^n f""r or live sessions 
 a conifortable living b^hrow induHtr^'^'Tf'?- "'"'kman, quite able to earn 
 «hop graduate, on leaving receives a^^n-.f! '"«/^r^ '« K^od- the willow 
 worth from eigky to one hundred dollars °''' """^"'^ '^"'^ ""^t^^al 
 
 the ^uL!';!" t&Sprctitr^'iH 'f " ll-d-sewing, hand-knitting, and 
 machine: In the seS-room apt nuSk i'"!," '' "^•*i'" r^'"« '^"'^ ^idtting 
 
 leaving the InBtit^i^^r^iS';^:^;^^/?^^^.^?^ ^ -"^' «"- 
 
 -i^»P tl! -AS -S;t S-tj:^- are 
 
 The/tefrnTg atr:;iS;ievti^ f^"^ -ceive careful attention, 
 they attend, under gu^ancetLirrp--^^^^^ Purposes. On Sunday morning 
 noon religious aorvirareTjld in tffi^^^^^^^^^ "^ "^'^l^'P- ^^ ^ho after' 
 
 VII. INSTITUTIONS PARTLY AIDED BY GOVERNMENT. 
 I. The Canadian Institute, Toronto 
 
 these pursuits, in 1849 • but if woa T,^f At &"*"'^'!'^" engaged m 
 
 trial arts and manufactures, the formation of aScfal Museum" 
 
 etJ^onSS: tVt^^^ ''' '^-^ clisseminaTir'ofknow: 
 
 profeslns ?n TsS fi T'^f^.'"!: ^"g'»<^«ring, and architectural 
 proiessions. In 1852 the Institute began to issue a monthly nanpr 
 
 t .e Institute. Anotlier Society, " The Naturaf Hi,tor™ ?. „„ .h 
 
56 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 2. L'lns\itut Canadien Francais de la Cite d'Ottawa. 
 
 This purely literary Institution was founded by the leading 
 French-Canadian residents in the city of Ottawa in the year 1852. 
 What this body aims at is the union and the intellectual progress 
 of its members and their advancement in literary pursuits, ihere 
 are three classes of members— active, honorary, and corresponding. 
 All active members are of French origin, and they must enjoy an 
 indisput?ible reputation for honor. Honorary members are chosen 
 from among dignitaries and persons who have materially helped 
 the Society. Corresponding members are those who have contri- 
 buted by their writings, lectures, etc. The present active member- 
 ship is 322 ; honorary, 80 ; corresponding, 15. Ihe Institute occu- 
 pies a building of its own, which, together with the site is valued 
 at $23 500 A library of over 500 volumes, and a reading room 
 containing 40 daily and weekly newspapers and periodicals, are 
 valuable adjuncts. For many years gratuitous instruction was 
 given in mineralogy and kindred subjects ; Dramatic and Debating 
 Clubs flourished, and the addition of an Art School has made the 
 Institution pretty perfect. The public lectures are of a varied 
 character. 
 
 3. Mechanics' Institutes. 
 
 By the Act of 1880, Mechanics' Institutes, which had been 
 established as far back as the year 1830, were placed under the 
 supervision of the Department of Education, having formerly been 
 under the control of the Commissioner of Agriculture. The prim- 
 ary objects of the Institutes were to form a Library and Heading 
 Room and to organize a system of instruction by means of Lectures 
 and Classes. The officers consist of a President (who shall be ex 
 oMcio a director). Secretary, Treasurer, and a Board of Directors ot 
 riot fewer than five or more than nine (exclusive of the President), 
 and such other officers as mry be designated in the by-laws oi the 
 corporation. 
 
 Conditions for Receiviiig the Government Grant.-lt is the duty of the Directors 
 in order to be entitled to any portion of the appropriation made by the Legis- 
 lative Assembly for Mechanigs Institutes: — .. 
 
 1 To see that such Institute is incorporated according to the provisions of 
 this Act or some former Act ; 2, To establish a library contaming books on 
 Mechanics Manufactures, Agriculture, Horticulture, Philosophy, Science, the 
 £e and Decorative Arts History, Travels, Poetry, Fiction and Biography ; or 
 3 To open a Reading Room ; or 4. To organize Evening Classes for instruction 
 in one or more of the three following courses namely an English Course 
 comprising the study of English and Canadian History, English Grammar and 
 Composaon; a Commercial Course, comprising the study of Book-keeping, 
 Smetic aAd Writing ; a Drawing Cou^e, compris ng the s udy of Freehand 
 Architectural and Mechanical Drawing ; 5. To report before *!}« ^f* ^^^^JJ^y- '" 
 each year, to the Education Department, in such form as may be prescribed by 
 the Minister of Education. 
 
 DiMributiou 0/ (fooenuncnt Gmnt.-The appropriation anmially made by 
 the Legislative Assembly for Mechanics' Institutes is distributed, subject to 
 the regulations of the Education Department, as follows ;— 
 
 (a) Every Institute with a membership of fifty persons, and contributing ,n 
 amiual subscriptions the sum of twenty-tivo dollars, receives twenty-fivo dollars 
 
INSTITUTIONS PARTLY AIDED BY OOVERNMENT. 
 
 67 
 
 annually (6) Every Institute with a mernbership of one hundred or over 
 
 fi ttdolilrsatluv "Tt ""^'-'P'r" "ot less' than fifty dXrs.recS 
 ntty aoiiars annually. {,;) In addition to the sums in the preceding sub-sections 
 nienfonod, every Institute receives for its Libraiy the Jum o "^ne doHar f r 
 every dollar expended on books as provided by this Act, but so as not to exceed 
 Rrj^lh^^::"" hundred and Afty dollars for Library purposes ; or its Reading 
 Room the sutn of one dollar for every dollar expended for newspapers macazines 
 or other periodica s, but so as not to exceed the sum of fiftyTCforShi^ 
 anvTf ?r'°''' = ^T E\«"'»g Classes the sum of three dollars for eve^ S "n 
 anyof th., courses herein prescribed for classes of twenty-five pupils an5 one 
 
 in reip^cTof fhlSrwtg ^Xt-!!-''''^ ^^"^^^^ ^"I-*-"* ^^ P"-' 
 
 InJuJjl "rSr '■.*'8"l**i"n? for the management and inspection of Mechanics' 
 . H f^. m' ^'^/'^P-^*- Reading Rooms, and Evening Classes and Art Schools 
 and for the auditing of all accounts appertaining thereto. 2. For the navment 
 of such inspection either by the Public Schoollnspector or otherwisrHum 
 not exceeding $10 for every Institute or Art School inspected. ' 
 
 Statistics of the Mechanics' Institutes in Ontario for 1885. 
 
 r of Insti- ; 
 sporting, j 
 
 1 
 
 Number 
 not reporting. 
 
 i 
 
 ■3 
 ^-> 
 
 s 
 
 1 
 
 Institutes with j 
 Elementary 
 Classes. i 
 
 Institutes with j 
 Drawing Classes. 
 
 Institutes whose j 
 Students received! 
 Certificates. 
 
 Finances. 
 
 Number of 
 
 |5 
 
 Receipts. 
 
 Expendi- 
 tures. 
 
 Members. 
 
 122 
 
 19 
 
 6 
 
 19 
 
 43 
 
 35 
 
 $117,600 39 
 
 $117,931 62 
 
 _ 16,259, 
 being an aver- 
 age of 138 to 
 each Institute. 
 
 4. Ontario Society of Artists. 
 
 By an Act ot' Parliament passed in 1877, this Society, which 
 had been estabhshed in 1872, for the encouragement and fostering 
 ot Original Art in the country, was empowered to make by-law! 
 or the admission of members, for the conduct and management of 
 the Canadian Ar Umon, and the promotion of any objects consist- 
 ent with the study of Art. J' J ^""^ i^oiisisi; 
 
 ^■Jfrlvi'^I^:~t^J.^)''''^ ""^ ^"* ''' connection with the Society 
 vvas estabhshed in 1875 see page 49). The Society managed this 
 
 Sd^tr L'prtmtr '' ''''-' ''^''''' ""^- ''' -'^^-' «^ ^^« 
 
 operations of the society. 
 
 Exhibition. -There is an annual exhibition of the work done bv the artists 
 who are members of the Society. Besides the regular exhiSn, \he Societv 
 frequently has loan exliibitions of European and American artists ^ 
 
 Like Class. — Art students ar^ admitted (■"stu'lvi" fhia nia==. f,.^ c l 
 upon showing sufficient ability by drawing f^^mtfi cast ' ^'"" "^ '^"«'' 
 
68 
 
 i 
 
 :ifr 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 6. Local Art Schools. 
 
 1. The London Art School. 
 
 2. The Ottawa Art School. 
 a. The King.ston Art School. 
 4. The Hamilton Art School. 
 
 These Schools, which avt now affiliated with the Ontario School 
 of Art, Toronto, have en jh ot them a Board of Directors of its own, 
 but the course of instruction i.s the same as that pursued in Tor- 
 onto. In consequence of this affiliation the students enjoy the 
 same privileges as the Toronto students, are eligible for certificates, 
 and may compete for the medals. 
 
 In addition to the medals mentioned in the preceding paragraph, 
 the Board of Arts and Manufactures, Toronto, has decided to give 
 a special medal to each of the Art Schools in the Province for cer- 
 tain specific work. Three out of the four offered for competition 
 have been awarded: One to Toronto, one to Kingston, one to 
 Ottawa. 
 
 The result of the last examination is given in the following 
 table : 
 
 School. 
 
 4 
 
 When 
 established. 
 
 Teaching Certificates. 
 Grade A. Grade B, 
 
 Proficiency 
 Certificates. 
 
 Ontario School of Art 
 
 ' 1 
 1875 112 
 
 1878 1 1 
 
 1879 .... 1 .... 
 1884 ' .... i 2 
 1886 .... ! .... 
 
 28 
 
 195 
 
 The London Art School 
 
 The Ottawa Art School 
 
 The Kingston Art School 
 
 The Hamilton Art School 
 
 Other Institutions in athliation . . 
 
 S9 
 
 85 
 
 159 
 
 Grants. — Every Art School incorporated under the Act of 1886 
 or any other Act, and complying with the Regulations of the 
 Education Department respecting the equipment, accommodation 
 and teachers required for Art Schools, shall be entitled to receive 
 out of any moneys appropriated by the Legislative Assembly for 
 Art purposes a fixed grant of four hundred dollars, and such addi- 
 tional sums for proficiency in Art studies as may be determined by 
 the regulations of the Education Department respecting final 
 examinations. 
 
 6. The Entomological Society of Ontario. 
 
 In the year 1863, a number of students of Practical Entomology 
 (under the Presidency of the late Dr. Croft, Professor of Chemistry 
 in the University of Toronto) formed the Entomological Society of 
 Canada. Their early years were at first published in the Canadian 
 Journal, issued by the Canadian institute. In 1808, however, the 
 
INSTITUTIONS PARTLY AIDED HY QOVERNMENT. 
 
 59 
 
 first number of the Canadian Entomologwt was issued, under the 
 editorship of the Rev. C. J. S. Bethune, M.A., the present Head 
 Master of Trinity College School, Port Hope. The Council of the 
 Arts and Agricultural Association granted the sum of $500 on con- 
 dition that the paper be continued. A report on insects injurious 
 or beneficial to agriculture, and a small cabinet of insects, were 
 placed at the disposal of the Council. After the Confederation of 
 the Provinces in 18G7, the Society was incorporated, and a grant of 
 !|1000 dollars a year was placed at its dispo.sal, on conditions .similar 
 to those given above. 
 
 Ill 187C tlio Society iiiiule, at tho Cuiitennial Exhibition in Pliiladolpliia, the 
 most comi)leto oxhibit of North A.noricaii insects ever brought toKethor, and 
 thoy received a Oohl Medal on tliat account. In 1882 a similar collection of 
 insects injurious to fishes, as well as tliose which serve as food for fishes, was 
 sent to tho International Fisheries Exhibition in London. Tho present 
 " Indian and Colonial P]xhibition" has a largo lopiosontative collection. 
 
 7. Ottawa Literary and Scientific Society. 
 
 The Literary and Scientific Society of Ottawa was incorporated 
 in 1869, which empowered the Mechanics' Institute and Athemeum 
 (establi.shed in 1849) and the "Natural History Society" to unite 
 under a new name. The former of these Societies was in possession 
 of a good reading-room and library. It had also been in receipt 
 of an annual grant of $300 from the Ontario Government. The 
 Natural History Society had already done good work in the study 
 of nature, and possessed a museum and library. The work of the.se 
 two Societies — one somewhat popular in its nature, and the other 
 more strictly .scientific — has been continued in a certain mea.sure 
 by the new Society. It has maintained classes of instruction, as 
 well as courses of lectures at different times by many of the fore- 
 most men in Canada. During the past two years, through the 
 liberality of friends, the Society has been able to apply about $600 
 to the purchase of books. The number of volumes at present on 
 the shelves is over 2,100. The library is much used by the mem- 
 bers, and, as it consists mainly of high class works of literature and 
 science, must be regarded as a very useful educational medium. 
 The museum comprises .some valuable collections, chiefly minera- 
 logical, botanical and entomological. The number of members at 
 present on the Society's book is over 350, and the annual sub.scrip- 
 tion is fixed at the very low rate of $2. 
 
 8. The Hamilton Association. 
 
 This Association was established in 1857 and incorporated in 
 1883. Its objects are the formation of a library, mu.seum and art 
 gallery ; the cultivation of literature, science and art, and the illus- 
 tration of the natural history and physical characteristics of the 
 country. It is composed of three classes of members — honorary, 
 ordinary and corresponding members. With a view to afford fuller 
 opportunities and facilities of meeting and working together, sec- 
 tions are established in seven different branches of .science, with a 
 a President and a Secretary for each. A "Journal and Proceedings 
 of the Hamilton Association " is published yearly. 
 
ill 
 
 60 
 
 KtmCATlONAI. SY8TKM (»K ONTAUIc). 
 
 VIII. UNIVKRSITIKS AND tU)M.K(lKS NOT UNDKR 
 PKOVlNOIAIi (H)NTH()L. 
 
 /. UN/VKKSir/h'S. 
 
 I. Victoria University. 
 
 Tho existonco of this Univorsity is duo to tho offorts of tlu< 
 Conforonco of wliiifc wius fitiiin'rly known iis tho WoHlcyan M(>tli- 
 otiiHt Church. Durinjj tin* yonns I,S2H an<l I.S2!> plan.s wt-ro «i(n-i,s(Ml 
 for the I'stalilishinont oi an Aeadi'uiy for th(> ,su|M«rior (>ilueation of 
 both .soxo.s. Tho town of ('ohourjj; wa,s .soloctod as tho sito. Tho 
 work of buildin}j[ was connnoncod in ls;J2, chit'lly throii;.jh tho oxor- 
 tions of Mvv. Kj.,'orton Hyorson. Tho liuil<lin^s wor(> c()nii)!t<toii in 
 IS:U), whon " Hppor Canada Aoadoniy" was formally oiioM<>d, hoinjj 
 tho first Aoadomy of Kduoaiion ostahlishod in IJppor ('anida hy 
 voluntary contributions. In Octobor of this samo yoar a lloyal 
 Chartor of incorporation whs obtained in Kn^dand by Kov. I)r. 
 Kyorson. In !N+i tho (Canadian Parlianiont passed an' v\ct altor- 
 injf tho constitution of tho Acadoniy and ostabli.shin<» it as a Uni- 
 versity undor tho titl(> of " Victoria University at ('obour^'." Thus 
 Victoria has tho honor of Wnn^ tlio tii-st in.stitution incorporated 
 by tho Canadian I'arliainont with University powers. It was also 
 the tir.st institutit)n in Cannula for tho hiijlier education of both 
 80X08 ; and tho lirst dejjroo in Arts was conferred by it in IS4(J. 
 The C'ollojio opened with tho Kactdty of Arts; in bS')4 Medicine 
 was added; in lH(i2 the Faculty of Law, and in 1H72 that of 
 Theology. 
 
 In 1874 tho (.'barter gratitod by King William and all tho Acts 
 of Parliament relating to it wore repealed, and the apj)()intmont of 
 the Hoard was ontru.stod to theCeneral (vonforonco of the Methodist 
 (•hurch of Canada. In IS7!» this Act was amended, and represen- 
 tation on the Senate was granted to regi.stenMl Alumni. In 1>S,s;} an 
 Act was passed altering the constitution of the College Hoard and 
 providing for representatives of tho graduates lu>ing placed upon it. 
 In 1884, after the Union of the ditlen'nt Mt>thodist bodies, the 
 name of the College was changed to "Victoria University," the repre- 
 sentation of Alumni was inereo-sed, the President of tho University 
 was constituted Chancellor, and a Vice-Cyhancellor was to be elected 
 every two years by tho graduates. Albert College was also atliliated 
 with the University. 
 
 Go>Yi-iiin(j Body. — The Univ(>raity i.^, governed by a Hoard of 
 Regents, composed of the (Jeneral Superintendents of the Methodist 
 Church, the (-hancollor and the Vice-Chancollor, twenty-four mem- 
 bers appointed by the General (Conference, and seven members 
 appointed by the graduates. This Board appoints the President, 
 who is i\r-oijirii> Chancellor, and the Professors of the different 
 Faculties. It is a body corporate with all the powers of nianace- 
 nient and administration of the University, except such as are 
 vested in the Senate. 
 
UNIVKUHITIKH, KTO., NOT UNDKU I'llOVINClAI, (lONTIU)!., 
 
 (il 
 
 OS are 
 
 Tlif Si'iKilr. TliiN liody CiiiisiMtH of tlic Mimnl ol" llc^t'iiiH, the 
 I'ntfosHorM of tli(( viirimiH KaniltirM, ni^lit ro|in'M('nl,Htiv!>H of tin* 
 ^miliiiitoN, ill Hilililioii io tl.o i'o|iroHoiiialiv<tH on Uio Hounl, iiml otin 
 or morn rt'iircHcnUtivcH of t'urli allilialcd Oollcj^o, nccordiii^ to thi' 
 tt<rm.s of iitlilialion. This liody <!oMf((rM ilnj^roiw in the Hovoral 
 l<'Hoiilti(iH, |)n>s(!ril)nH thn courso of HfcmlioH aixl «niali(l<!ationH for 
 dt<j(nM'H, HUfl (It'torminoH all iiiaitiTM rolatiiiK to tlio work of (MJuca- 
 tioii in tlio (InivorHity, 
 
 (■'(>Hi'(»'!a^»'(»».- -Convocation conHiHtN of tlio Sonato and ro^iHtonMl 
 Alunnii, It nii>ctH ' i tin* month of Ma^ for tll(^ imlilic confcrrin^^ of 
 dojjronH, tlio nincting of tlio Vico-Oliancolioi- (rvory two yrarH) and 
 tlio rc]troHontativoH on thn Hoard and tin' Snnato. 
 
 A()U.iateil liiHtUiUioiiH. — Aihnrt (/olloj^f, Hnilnvillo; tlio WtiH- 
 1(>) vii Collcj^o, Stan.stfMul, Province of (.^iiidKH;; tin' WoHloyao 'I'lmo- 
 lo^^ical ()olli'^n«, MoTitrral, V.Q,, tlio Toronto Sdiool of Modicino and 
 tlio School of Mcdiciiio and Sui'Kory, Montroal. 
 
 I<'a<'|||.'I'ikn. TIik FiKiiilt.ioN iir« tliimit of ArU, Hoitino)*, Moiliuiiio, IjAW and 
 'riuii>l(>Ky. 
 
 A HTM OtmitHK. 'I'll" CJomMii of Ht.inly in tlni KiiciiKy of Aifn |uiim(H'<I in t.ln- 
 I'ollitK" oxtiindK ov r foio' yoiirH, i^iillml nmimoUviily h'rtmlniiiin, Hii|ilioiiioi'ts 
 .lunior iiiul Hitiiior. It, (tiMhraiH'H (lui following il<'iiHrtin«iitH : (lliwuiim, Matlm- 
 iiuit.ioN, Krixlixli llinl.ory, Moilorn liiniKim««'M (Kriincli anil (liirtiiuii), Orimilul 
 Lanniianim (lltiliniw, Olialiico and Hyriar), Natural MdioiKio, I'liiloKiiphy, liimtr, 
 niid ('■••d I'olity. 
 
 HriKNdK ('onKHK, 'I'lio (loiifHO of Htiidy ill tint HuiontiHc I)u|mrttii(iiit oiii- 
 liraoim tlio following »ulij(i(!tN; lV1uMi(iniati(!H, Hotaiiy, Hiiitoiy, KngliHli, Kronoli 
 Ocvnian, I'liyHicn, liogii!, AiiologotioK, Political Kroiiomy, liioi'Kitnic ('InmiiHtry, 
 Iliology, Miniiralogy, Ooology, AnKayiiiK, I'liiloMonliy, Oivil Polity, Antroiiiiny, 
 iKitoniiinativo Minoralony, Ktliiim, and Natural Tlioolo«y. (Notk, A H|Mi!ial 
 ooui'Ho of Hunnnor Icutunm in Kivon.) 
 
 MKnn^Ai, OoDKHB an |>rnH<M'ilnid tiy Toronto Hdiool of Mudicino unrl tlui 
 Koolti do lVl(<d(i(iinii »it do Oliinngio, Montroal. 
 
 Law ('oniiMK uxtondH to four yuam and oudirauon tlm unual Nuhjuctn of muoIi 
 
 H OOUI'HO. 
 
 I'liKoMMiioAi. (-'(tuiiHK. Tho HuhjootH in tliin Faculty couipriHr ApoloKoticn, 
 HyHtouiutic 'I'liooloKy, IJildical Tlioology of tlio Old ToHtuimiiit, KxcuoKiH, Old 
 and Now 'roHlaiiiontn, Uildioal Tlioolo^y of tho Now Tudtanmnt, Hoiiiiloticii and 
 Pastoral Tluiolo^y, Cliuirli Polity. 
 
 Mkdai.h. (lold anil nilvor niodalH art! niviiii at tlio oiiil of tlio imiuiho to tin- 
 lioKir honor iiioii who roaoli a cortaiii ntandard in oach of tho followiiiu depart 
 iiioiitH: (MaHwioM, MathoiiiatioH, KiikIIhIi and Modoin Laiiuuagon, Natural Hcioiico, 
 PhiloHophy, IioKic ani!(!ivil Polity. Tho niodalH foundod hy lliit lloyal Hinli 
 noHH tho Princo of VValoH aro awardiil to tho two coiiipotitcrH who otitain the 
 hixhoHt Btandiiig at a linal oxaniinaticMi in HuhjocttH iiaiiiod from yoar to year. 
 Ill order to 1)0 <|iialitiod iih ooinpotitoiH, tho oandidatoK iiiiiMt, dr-iiig their undor- 
 graduate eoiirHc, havo taken Iioiioih each y ar in a Hjiecilic deiiartuient. 
 
 Hoiioi.AiiHim'.s. Several DiHtrictH in the varioim OoiifereticeH havo oMtab- 
 linhed HeholarKliipH of tho value of ^'2^> eaeli, Home of which are open to conii>eti 
 tioii at iiiatrieiilation and others at graduation. 
 
 1'kizkm. In addition to thoHo modaln and HoholaiHliiim, there are a number 
 of prizoH in books, foi-iided l)y difleriiit friendn of the IlnivorMity They are 
 awarded from year to year for the Haniu HubjectH, whioli are clearly Hjiecified. 
 
 Dkiihkkh. The do)/rees granted in tho different Faculties aro as follows: — 
 ArtH U.A., M.A. ; ,S,ii.ma: Ai.Ha., Pii.D.; L'lw Lh.li. , LL.I).; Mf.dkint-' 
 M.D., CM.; riieolniiy- li.D., D.D. 
 
 I 
 
M 
 
 KDUCATIMNAI. MY.STKM f>K ONTAUlO, 
 
 > ill 
 
 ■I 
 
 M 
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 H 
 
 B 
 
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 •O Q M -H* I- 5 I 36 
 
 
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UNIVKIIHITIKM. KTC, N(»T irNDKU IMIOVINCIAI, CONTIIOI,, 
 
 (in 
 
 2. Queen's University, Kingston. 
 
 TliiH odiicatiotmi inHtitution, HituAt«»l in KinnHtoii, wan oriKin- 
 rIIv tlioC^olh'g** of th« " rroMi.yt«'nan Clmrcli of ()ana<la. in con- 
 nortion with tin' ( 'Uurch of ScoUaiwl." 'i'lio inniiilxTH of th(> IW 
 l.ytcrian (>'lMnTli in ll|)|(ir (!ana<la In-gnn in \H:\r> to auitato in 
 favor of tlio ()Htal»liHliin(-nt of a Thoolorrical Soinifiary for tlio tram- 
 iiijr (,f young nion for tlio niiniHtry. Am no inHtitution for ArU 
 training, open on (i(|ual tornii to ail'tliti pulilic, waH nn y<it availatilM 
 in the Province, tlioSyncxi- of tlio I'n.Hl.ytcri.m (Ihurrli took .icHnito 
 HtfpH in \HH\) for th<^ foumling of hucIi an institution, A I'royincial 
 (Ihartor was ol)taintMl in IHK). incorporating tln^ Univorsity ot 
 KingHton; Imt tliis Act wm Hiiimo(iiiontiy anniillol l»y thn Iin))<!nal 
 autl.oriti(!H, an.l in linu of it a Itoyal Oluirtcr was grantod in IH4I, 
 coiift^rring on tlu* institution tli»i naiii'i of " Quoon's (!oll<ig«'. Hie 
 now C!olh'go huiiiling is of ston*', ami was (sn^ctod witliin tlio laHt 
 ton years, mainly tlirougli tlio onorgy of tlio pnwsnt Principal, the 
 Very Rev. (1. M. Orant, D.D. It is fully oipiipp«'<l with lahora- 
 tories, iiiuscunis, and a woll-stockt'd lilirary. In addition to thcso, 
 tho KingHton Astronomical Ohscrvatory, which Iwul hccn l.uilt in 
 IMRr) hy private suhscription, aided hv th<i City (Corporation, was 
 in I HO I conveyetl hy diMjd to the College, on condition that the 
 (!ollcge give, ev(iry year, a course of not fewer than six popular 
 lectures on astronoiny, open to th(> puhlie. This Ohservatfiry is 
 one of those which are connected with the Magnetical Service ot 
 the Dominion— the head-cpiarters of which are at Toronto. I he 
 other is at Montreal. 
 
 The (loimoU.—'Vh'w hody consists of tho Chancellor, the Trus- 
 tees, tw(!lvo ministors of the I'reshytorian (Jhurch in Canada, anc 
 fifteen laymen in full communion ; the Honate, i.e., the Principal 
 and all the Professors, and thirty-three members elected by the 
 r(!gistere<l graduates. 
 
 TrmUicH.—ki the time of tho union between the diH'erent Pres- 
 byterian bodies of ( lanada, and of the formation of the " Presby- 
 terian Church in (Canada," Queen's University became, in IH74, by 
 Act of Parliament, the College of that (Church ; the Board ot Irus- 
 tees was made self-perpetuating, instead of being appointed as here- 
 tofore by the Synod, and they wer<5 tsmpo.wiired to appoint a Vice- 
 Principal to take the place and discharge the duties of the Principal 
 in his absence. 
 
 donvoratinn and domyH.—liy this sam" Act Convocation was 
 organized and a Council established, having power to pass by-laws 
 for the registration of graduates, for tho appointment of officers, 
 and for the election of a Chancellor, who is electcsd by tho (Jouncil 
 if there is but one candidate ; otherwi.se he is elected by the regis- 
 tered graduates and alumni. 
 
 Sr/mtit^.—The me.mbcrs of the Faculties of Theology and Arin 
 form one Board, with the title " Senatus."^ This Board awards the 
 scholarships and apportions the Bursary Fund. 
 
64 
 
 EDUCATrONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 Affiliated Institutiona.—The Roval CoUpxtp nf Vh.,^ir.- 
 established, the Medical Faculty of Queen's Co Wp ^f ! f ^ 
 
 . ..p.»te oorpoSbn Lder tTe „.ma J'fc'W '''""■•"i" (18C«) bec«„» 
 mi S«^.„„./ The pi; S'LTirldtd inlrJeSte "' •"'■^•"'"»■ 
 
 Engli,h Litemlnre .nd ^idem L.nmnS; i r ■ "'' J';'""^' Ehetorio, 
 
 ing session. "° *''*' ^"'^^ «"'«^'o»' '^^e latter during the follow- 
 
 obtained scholarship^. '"'^ *° ^''''"'*y students who liave not 
 
 essay^sfS-'"''' ^"''^'^'^^ P"''^^ ^''^ '"""^^ Pri==es for literary articles, 
 
UNIVERSITIES, ETC., NOT UNDER PROVINCIAL CONTROL. 65 
 
 meet as a 
 
 cians and 
 I in King- 
 atter was 
 )rerunner, 
 with men 
 
 two Facul- 
 d. In the 
 66) became 
 Physicians 
 
 foral Phil- 
 Rhetoric, 
 The usual 
 ithority of 
 s, Hebrew 
 
 les, cover- 
 Mid M.A. ; 
 ["he degree 
 ave taken 
 iiterature, 
 D.D. and 
 
 'ology. Ib 
 n scholar- 
 tie follow- 
 
 *.«., ten- 
 Church — 
 have not 
 
 articles, 
 
 mdidates 
 etc. 
 
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 5 . a 
 
 -I -s 
 
 °l I. 
 
 ^ a a S« 
 
 5 
 
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 S 
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 |£.S8es3 
 
 M CO 
 
 3 
 
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 S5 
 
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«6 
 
 KDUCATIONAL HYSTKM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 3. University of Trinity College, Toronto. 
 
 constitutor a ornorato bo. v 1 1 n r *''« ^^oHego was, in 1851, 
 Bishop of Tor.,ntrm.,l w. Ri l <- "!P\»-"t.o., con.sistinj,' of the 
 whicl/ the i. i al J i L o^- t"''' ?^ ^''^ ^'•''^"■'^ ^^•"«^«<"« i"fc" 
 
 inuu,nu-ation ool leJ KM 'n'' of January, 1852, the 
 
 the Diocesan ThcMjlSaVoil ^ n "**^'-''' ^''^^ ^'stahlishn.ent of 
 ".er«e.l in T init^ S e o ^ ^^" '^ ^"^''"•■'^'' ^^•'''^'' "»^ ^'^^-^'^''^ 
 
 con^;?:;LM;;'R;~u'i^|"/:!^'' "^-^"'^ l«^2,the university was 
 
 confer aegree^i.fs:l^!::;;,^!ir;rl7j?.^;;l:r'' ^'^^' '-^'^ ^« 
 Di.^t;Jt;;;^>t:S^L::^:t;ss^^ 
 
 course of study in ench Tl,.,f ..( V, '^"^^•' ^^it i I roiessors and a 
 
 an.l Als-oL; iK- ,,to' "Ttlu. [.T'"- «"■■"". 0"ta.i», Niagara. 
 
 members of Convocation n. ,.llf m !?, l'yfcl>« same registered 
 seven by the Co^^oralior "" Chancellor, and th? other 
 
 Lan?::i;f Sauce te;£:^-7:?;'^;T« ^--I'tt- are (I) The 
 
 cuhun; (3) the ConunUt ' « T)is i^^^^ Th'^'p'" "L^'" ^^"'•"- 
 
 thc Corporation on the Stud es of /l, ' ii "' ^""'""^^00.. advi.se 
 of the University ec Sti,.- T ''" ^'^^ Curricuhnn 
 
 Studies in each LrLent t^^ ^'^ *'"« ^"^'^J «f 
 
 authors, subject e^tc' ^ ' *'"'" ^""^' *" "'"'''• ^^'^ ««'eot«d 
 
UNIVEUSITIKH, KTC. NOT UNDEU I'llOVINClAI, (JONTKOL. 
 
 67 
 
 3. 
 
 ;o atitl Tlni- 
 J^ivinity in 
 wiiuonco of 
 tifco, i.HHUod, 
 Cluirch of 
 iniivorsity 
 
 itiotlN WCTt) 
 
 liiglund by 
 
 IS, in J 851, 
 ng of tlio 
 jccsos into 
 B Trustees 
 
 Ik' Co 1 1 ego 
 . l»52,tho 
 slunent of 
 w became 
 
 »rsity \va.s 
 power to 
 
 es of Arts 
 ns and a 
 equently. 
 pi'ovi.sion 
 J 1 tics. 
 
 poseil of 
 Niagara, 
 who are 
 ?e. The 
 :h nonii- 
 ites ono 
 gistered 
 e other 
 
 (1) The 
 I Curri- 
 i advi.se 
 I'iculuni 
 card of 
 lelected 
 
 lioanix of .SV»</y.--Kach Faculty-Divinity; Arts, und.^- the 
 Departments " Littcno HumanioreH" and " Mathematics and 1 hysi- 
 cal Science;" Law; Medicine; Mu.sic-has a Board which adv.HCH 
 with the (.'urricuhnu Clommitteo. 
 
 (W.wrt^./;o7(.-This body consists of the Chancellor, the Pro- 
 vost the 1'rofes.sorH, all M.A.'s, and all graduates ni Divinity Law, 
 and Medicine who. from the time of their admission to .H»ch degrejs 
 shall have ,.ai<l annually the sum of five dollars tor and towanlH 
 the support an.l maintenance, of the College, it meets wice a yeai ; 
 once for the, granting of General Degrees and once tor granting 
 degrees in Medicine. 
 
 Kr.iowHiiirs Tlic F.-11<.wh an, (im.luai.o. in l!nii.;rfl .vpi...intod and 
 
 nnn.v!l y u (!ori.''''^^i'>-'> Tl.cy roHi.lo within tl.. ColU-go .uni teach m 
 
 H uoilfo .U,i.artn.;,nt an.l aHni^t in (Lo n.ainlonan.u, ..f '1";.'"1'1"»' w'»l ' " 
 
 ('!X,gT No f.-UowHhi.. m tonal.lo for a hmg.-r p.^rHMi ihan hvo yoar«, but any 
 
 foUow may bo ro-oloctoil. 
 
 DK.iiiKKH Arh In tho Faculty of ArtH, tho Cou.ho of Htmly, as in the 
 Kuji^hUnhHTHitioH. cxtcuU ovcr-tluoo yoar. V'TS^S" I'l'idtir 
 ....imint.-.l annuallv in tlio varioUH bipartuiontH of llio ililluiont I aumitn. 
 S'La (£L. t-tinau.l (ircck.'aro co„.,,ulHory HubjcotH '•' -^^^ y-"^; 
 K .r w n >n who aro now a.bnitt.ul to tho var.ouH oxanm.at.onH an.l UogrouH 
 a1 M .Hi ' W..1 Mclicino, alu.rnativo oxan.inatiouH havo boon pn.vulo.l ... 
 A : bl which (ior...an or Italia.. ...ay bo K,.bHtitutoa f-'l' '^-'J;,,-;^ ''-"2f. 
 for Math.nnat^icR IHvinUu and Mimr Tho .loKrooH of H.U. ai.cl DV-, as alH" 
 loio Zh 15ac, a...l Muh. Uoc, .iro confonoil o., (lan.b.latcH after h.jv.nK 
 H0.1 a «er OR oxa.ninati.mK i.. oach H.ibjoct. Tho .logroo of Ljcctjato ... 
 C ^, iM 1> ., „f. .-rod Law Tho dogrooH cnforrod ... this Faculty aro 
 HO :"^.d ( By Stiluto thin latt..' .loaroo in tho o..ly Honorary 
 
 V ^ ' f.r,.;,l .V the UnivorHitv. Mcdidm I.. thi« Faculty tho dcgrooH 
 InfM 1 M ,'d M. OanSiaioB aro ro,,uirod to havo ..Uo..dod four 
 
 *;::,V Modicfd i;;ct..rcH and Honpital (ni..u. a..d t.. havo ,.a«Hod tv o Un.vorB.ty 
 fexa.ninationH u.id o...) Kxa.ni.iati.m at a Med.cal School. 
 
 HeH.,i.AKSHn's. -Throo HcholarHhiim, of tho valuo of riOO. »14<) 'md «10<) 
 
 (!or..ian. 
 
 A lli«hoi. Strachan .lubiloo ScholarHhip (fo.mdod to coniinomorato hfty 
 
 Exhibition open for oo.npotition. 
 
 1>K,/Ks AN.. MK..ALS. I'ri/.o.s i.. books aio awarded to tho liacholorB Htand^ 
 • . ll^mt ,. (?^^^ «»ical a..d Matho...atical Ilonorn i.i tl.o Art« (.'ourne and for 
 u.g 1 ghoHt " <^" «« V 'Jn „ , i^,^, „,„„,„„. The Mo.hd« aro tho (Jovornor- 
 SnU^'^^a:!^ Mj;:i/a (tKd a Silver Modal in Law; a Oold and a 
 Silver Modal i.i Mod.c.o. 
 
 FvAMiNATK.N tJKNTHKS. HoKi.loH tho Exa.i.ii.ation in Mu»ic lit Hcllniuth 
 
 hXAMiNAr <.N 1^1 Ni .1 Faculty of Music aro conducto.l ... London, 
 
 l^'"''r V'a Til. th F^u t^. 1 li..i^ in^Tolbourno, AuHtralia, on tho Han.o 
 
 S- -d ^t "h^sa.rlln.o\.H the L.didatoH who present thon.HolvoH m 
 
 Toronto. 
 
68 
 
 EDUCATroNAL SYSTEM C*' ()NT 
 
 AHiO. 
 
 u 
 
 fill 
 
UNIVERSITIES, ETC., NOT UNUEH I'UOVINOIAL CONTROL. 
 
 69 
 
 
 ^»i 
 
 4. The College of Ottawa. 
 
 This ColloKc con.lucfcod by the Oblato Fatl.er.s of Mary Im- 
 maculate, wa.s established in the year IH4H, by tho Ri|?ht Rov^ 
 Bisliop J. E. GuigucH, O.M.I.. D.D., under the name of OolleKO ot 
 Bytown. It was tl.en ontruntod to the care of the Very Key. 
 Father Tabarot, O.M.I., D.D. (recently deceased), n the year IHbU 
 the name was changed to the " College of Ottawa, and univorsitv 
 powers were conferred. Besides the usual Arts degrees, the (.ol- 
 fego is empowered to confer the degrees of Bache or and Doctor 
 in Science and Music, together with tlie degrees of Civil Engineer- 
 ing, Mining Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering. 
 
 Coi.KHKH OF ST..i.Y.-The prograiiurio of Hludicm oinl.raoeB fmir .listiiict 
 courHCB ; 
 
 I. Tlui Commercial Oour«o. II. The OlasBical Oo.irHe. HI. Tlu, Hcimitific 
 CouiBo. IV. CoutHo of Oivil EiiKincoriiiK. 
 
 An>i,.ANCKH. - Two LuboratorioB, well arraiigod an.l iKiuippod ~ Chomical 
 and I'hyHical-oontril.nto materially to tho HUocci«»ful ,.rom,cutioii of their 
 Htudiim and to invoBtigationn by tho stuflontH. 
 
 ExAMiNAT.oNH. The Examinations in tliis Institution differ Bomewhat from 
 th..«o o k ndrod oHtabliBhmentH, ub the Matriculatinn Exanunation takes pla^o 
 at the end of the third year of the Classical Course ; the fnUrmdmU, at th« 
 end of the fifth ; tho Final, at the end of the seventh. 
 
 PaiZKH AND Mm.ALH.-In addition t.. First and Second Prizes in the 
 various m'hjects of the different courses, ten Silver Medals are annually 
 awarded. 
 
 DkorRKH. The degrees c.mforred l,y this College, under its Act of 
 InconLation as a University, are Bachelor of L^terat.iro ("I^ --''f -^''^"^f 
 Science (H.Sc), Bachelor of Arts B.A. , and Master of Arts (M.A.). Ihe 
 dog."o o B.A. is the highest of the three baccalaureates, and '"f J«« /»"' t^" 
 . thers Tho degree of M.A. is conferred two years after that of B.A., when 
 he Tresident Ib satisfied of the ..ualification ..f the •and.dato for that degree. 
 
I ' 
 
 70 
 
 EDITCATFONAL .SYSTEM OV ONTAUIO. 
 
THEOLOGICAL OOLLEOEH. 
 
 71 
 
 5. The Western University, London. 
 
 This Institution, in connection with tho Churcli of England in 
 
 Cana.la, was incornoratc.l in 1H7H, with power to Huron Co Icro to 
 
 artiliatc with it. The atHliation between tho College an<l the Uni- 
 
 v.^rsity took place in 1H8I, an.l tho University was inaugurated m 
 
 the nu,nth of Octoher of that year. The object of its establi-shuient 
 
 was, as a Church of England Institution in the l)iocese of Huron, 
 
 to obtain the saino power of conferring Degrees in l)ivinity. Arts 
 
 Medicine, and Law as was po,s,ses.sed by the sister University ot 
 
 Trinity (.'oilege ; also, that a liberal chication m Arts, Science and 
 
 Literature might bo cxten.hMl to that ext.^nsive portion of tho 
 
 Province of which London is the geographical centre. Huron 
 
 (College was tir.st opened in IHGIJ. 
 
 Faouwirh. • BoHiduH Unit of Divinity-Huron (!"lli>«« l.oinK tho Divinity 
 S,.h.H,l-a ModicH Faculty haH l.oon ...nnccto.l with tho UnivorHity evor «.nco 
 itHinauK ration, u, Lo.-.tin-oH hoin« .lolivoro.l in tho Un.yorH. y Bu' d.ngH. A 
 Law Sch ol wa;. ..al.liHho.l at Lon.t.n, in Soi.tou.l.or, IHHo, hut m not uH.hatod. 
 
 //. THEOLOGICAL COLLKdES. 
 
 I. Knox College, Toronto. 
 
 In 1844, shortly after the disruption took place in tho E.stab- 
 lished Church of Scotlan.l and had spread to Canada, arrangenionts 
 were made for tho training of young men for the ministry of the 
 Presbyterian Church of Canada. In 184G the Institution which had 
 been established for that purpose, was put on a more permanent 
 basis, and the course of study extcnde.l over six years ; three being 
 <levoted to general studies an.l three to Theo ogy. In 188;,, it xyas 
 incorporated as " Knox College." In 1875, the year o the Union 
 between the " Presbyterian Church of Cana.la and the Canada 
 Pres\)vterian Church," it was agreed that the United Church should 
 not be reciuired to elect Trustees for an Arts Department m either 
 Queen's Univerity or Knox College. In conse.iuence of this 
 arrangement, the Boatd of Management of Knox College is 
 appointed annually by the General Assembly, while the Board 
 of Trustees of (iueen's College is a self-perpetuating body. 
 
 (JovKHNMKNT. - Tlio Son ivto iH Composed of tho ProfcsRorB and Lecturers, 
 and hii een other n.en.bor» (ton clerical and throe lay) appon.ted by the 
 General ABHonibly. The Hoard of ManaKcniont have charge of the hnances. 
 
 CANn.i.ATKH, before entering upon the Theological Course, must nresent a 
 Presbvtor al (Jertiticate, together with evidence of having obUmed the degree 
 Tf It. A a the Uriiver^ity of Toronto, or at McGill Oolfege Montreal or at 
 Oueei^s University, or at some other University recognized by the benate. 
 F iUng this they must present a certificate of having pursued a literary course, 
 Ltd pLsod sfttiHf.«3t.,rily the necessary examination therewith ; they must also 
 undergo an elementary examinatujii in Hebrew. 
 
7-y 
 
 EDUCATIONAI, SYSTKM OK ontauim 
 
 ».£;:;;;;;;:,.„j,];;S:;:rJ;;:,!:;;:'i;';s;,;"" ' ■'• « 
 
 2. Huron College. 
 
 fSri' »>.■</(>•(» (hiii<ri.iitj/. ) 
 
 3. Wycliffe College. 
 
 This Colh-jro (inoorpi.ratod un.loi- tl..« name „f <,)„. I'n.tostaufc 
 
 .scopal D.v.n.ty Sd.u.,I) Is tho TIuH,I<,«ical Sd.o< 1 t, I, 
 
 Ivmu'ol.oa portion of tlu« nuMnl.ors of (,I„. ri.urd, of h n. 1| . 
 
 .ana.ia. Its "work and n.otl.o.ls aro hasnl upon two S:; v. 
 
 c s.t.ons om>. n.o,v .-xtornal - aOiliation wi I. tlu, I' nv , Ha 
 
 Hn v..rs,ty ; tl.o oti.or, intornal-.listinctiv., ovan^dioa! C\!^^^ 
 
 yt^;:^r'X;:"o'^^l^:2^^:;;r'^^^ "--">:• '- -<--». 
 
 Mumril^.' Uu,^!; .. 9 2 .' . r:':.::X:i;: ';';'7,'l'f-'^ .l.,.artn.onta. 
 arc rcunval.Io at tho .liHoroti:,,, oHIu C.u.ncil ' ^"'' """ y"'"'" ''''"'y 
 
 4. McMaster Hall, or Baptist College, Toronto. 
 
 This College was founde.l in order to increase the nu.nher an.l 
 effic ency ot tl,e J apt^f, , .inistry in the Don.inion of Ca,^ " 
 of r„. ,^^^;;'"%'>« 'J'.^^o'l'Sical Senunary of the whole Do mini, 
 of Una. a the Theolo^ncal depart.nents of the Woodstock ( r 
 Pmin,. College, Manitoba, and of Acadia C\)Ilege, Nova si S ' 
 having, l^v vote ot Conventions, been tra,nsferred to Toronto ' 
 
 Ihe Baptist body is mainly indebted to tho liberality of the 
 Ho ^ Senator W. McMaster for the very fine building in wMch tl e 
 rsttuSioT"" ""• '"' '"■ '•" -^''^--"fc of airthe Chairs of 
 
 AkfiliaTION with I NIVEUSITY of ToHONTO~ln 
 
 afhhatud witli tlie University „f Toronto. As ,i r.,H, 
 
 In .luly, J 885, tho College 
 lilt of this .attili.ation certain 
 
TIIKOI,(MJI('AI. ('()I.I-K<IKH. 
 
 78 
 
 Tho Simiito 
 
 l.mnolum UnKht, in tho MoMaM.-r Hall. vi/,.. NowT...ta..u.nt <>';"",»|./',|'»J"'' 
 HiR«..r.v an.l A|H.l..K.'lioH. may bo H.ilmtit.ilo.l f..r oorJaiii nthor ntucUoii m tho 
 iliinl ami fourlli yoain of Uio I'liivornity C'imiiho. 
 
 ('.)(iiiMK,M ..KHnti.v. Tliroo dmtinot, Ooiimoi. -f limtnioti.iii liavo boon 
 .„nani/,o.l ; (i.) A .•-.niMn of Ibroo yoaiH for Univoinily ( l.a.luiUoH ; (n.) a <'..nrm' 
 of four yoarH for no.. «,iul.ml,o« who am p.^opaio.! lo iako llobrow an.l <l.ool« , 
 a..il (iii.) a oouiho of four yoarh for Ki.Klml. Htiidt'ntR. 
 
 |)iiM,..MAH. l)ii.lo...aHof ().'a<l.ial.ioi. i.. tl.n ('oi.rmHiioKranlo.|. ..n oxamina- 
 ti.,„, t... U.oHo Kl,...lo..tH who h.ivo H..mnmNf,.lly .>o...ploto.l U.n hI... ..m «'f '"'V "»" 
 of U.o.MM.immof U.o (lolhw-. Om.luaUm in Alt" who havo ,.o...|.loU«l U.o I l.oo 
 loKioal Oo.irm. ...ay. .... ox.u..inaUo.. in pivHrrib.-l m.bjodH .■o.m-.vo :1';; '•''K';''" 
 of Uadh.dor of Divinity. Thoy ...ay aino obtain tho .lo^roo of Dodorol Divinity. 
 
 HooiK/riKK "Tho Kyfo MiHHioniii-y Hooioty,"<loHiKno<l to f.mlor tho inm 
 Hionary npirit,' and " Tho' MoMaKlor Hall ThooloKical H.uMoty, for tho .linou* 
 Mion of onrroi.t tluMdo(<ioal and philoHopl.ical «p.i'HtionH. 
 
 5. St. Michael's College, Toronto. 
 
 This dolj.^i,'.! wiv.snstiil.li.sli(Ml ill lHr,2, l.y tli(( Hii.siliaii KaUinrs 
 from Aiinonay, Vriuuw, at, tlni r.M|u.-st and un.l.^r t,lin ).ati<.iiaK<^ <)» 
 t,h.> Most Ui'v. Dr. CliailxMiiioi, lloinan ( !at,li.)li(! nisliop ol lonmto. 
 It was iiu-..r|mrat,o.l in IHr,5, In IH(;i t,ln« C.ll.'K"' was alliliai.!!] 
 witli llio IJnivorsity ol' 'roionlo, on a liasis similar to that ol thr 
 alHliation of tho R<".maii Catholic, ( ;oll«K<'« '>f K»iKlft"'> an.i Indaiid 
 with tho University of London. Tim studonts aro oonHidoivd as 
 n.atnc.ulatod upon passing tho llnivorsity Kxainiiiatioii. At th<> 
 ,.nd of tho tirst and tho third yoar, cortilioatos from tho (.ollogo aro 
 accoiito.l in lion of tho llnivorsity KxaminatioiiH. At tho .wl oJ 
 tho Hocoiid and tho fourth yc^ar, tho ICxaminations aro passod 
 hoforo tho Univ.u-sity Kxaminors. ThrouKhout tho courso, all tho 
 
 Lccturos in Montal and Moral Soionoo, Oivil Polity iukI History aro 
 givon at St. Michaol's (Jolloj^'o. 
 
 TiiK (li.AssK'Ai, OoiuiHK. lUmidoH ooitain KiiKlinh bran.;lio», thiij oonr»o 
 
 oinbiwum thodrook an-l Latin lai.KuaKoM, Holhm LottroH, IliMto.y, Matl.o.nat.cn 
 
 and Natural SoionroH ; (lorn.an optional. Thin oourm. oxtoi.dH ovor livo yoarn. 
 
 HioiiKU OoiiUHK. A fiirthor coiirm., oovorii.K two yoarH, oniliracim Montal 
 
 unci Moral I'hiloHopl.y, Natural Thoolo«y, Natural IMiil.mopl.y and InoiKaino 
 
 (.MiondHtry. Hpooial loctunm aro dolivorod on Montal and Moral Hcionoo ami 
 
 llintory, hh proHcribod by tho Univornity of Toronto. 
 
 TiiKouMiioAi, OoiiUHK. In adilition to tlnmo coiirmm of Htiidy, thoro in a 
 
 Thoolouical (JourHo, in which oan.lid.vtoH for tho niinintry a.-o in part nroparod 
 
 for tho.r work, tho courito boiiig coiiiplotod at, tho "Hon.inary in Montroal, 
 
 I'rovinco of Quoboc. 
 
 SociKTiKs. HoHidoH two roligioiiH HooiotioH, or Hodalition, thoro im a l-.torai^ 
 
 ABBociation "Tho Ht. MiohaoT'B Hooioty" and "Tho Ht. (Jl.urloi. Lilorary 
 
 Socioty." 
 
 6. Assumption College. 
 
 This Collogo, situated at Sandwich, wan ostahli.shod in IH5(j by 
 tho Jesuit B'athcrs. In tho yoar 1«70 it was transferred, at tlio 
 reciuest of tho Right Ho.v. Bi.shop Walsh, of liondon, to tho Hasilian 
 Fathors, who conduct St. Michael's College in Toronto. In con- 
 sonuenco of this arrang(!rnent, tho courses of study in the two 
 OolIe<res arc almost identical. 
 
Iti: I 
 
 iW: 
 
 74 
 
 KinrCATIONAI. SYHTKM OK ONIAIlh). 
 
 Cjwhi'i U| Miiinin^ 
 
 I 
 
 I— I 
 
 o" 
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 o 
 
 a 
 
 If 
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 o 
 
 IS 
 
 ■«.H»ii|)WOj..je(,n,„jj 
 
 ••tujumx joj.hiniiiM 
 
 •«»4iu)n JO i|ij)uiV| 
 
 01 
 
 'inns "iimonDx 
 
 
 'V 
 
 •ttopuji JO )iinoiiiv 
 
 •rtuio.im uminiv 
 
 5 
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 9 S 
 
 (5 5 
 
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 6 
 
 „ 
 
 0» 
 
 § 
 
 § 
 
 a" 
 
 •o 
 
 s 
 
 s 
 
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 I £ 
 
 ■c 
 
 2 I 
 
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 sis 
 
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 be 
 
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ri.\HHU,'AI, AND I.ITKUAUY ('(»I,I.K(«KH. 
 
 76 
 
 ///, ri.ASSrCAI. AND UTKRAKY VOUh:ilH''^- 
 
 I. Albert College, Belleville. 
 
 {Sff ii<«) Alirnmlrn t'ollr{i<: ) 
 'Hum lnstituti..n wl.irl. wuh r..uu.l.«.l n. IHr.l l.y tl... <l.-n.-ml 
 
 with.,..., ll.uv...iiy p..w,.r.. was -^-^ -j' .l^^ I Victim".. 
 
 mlvancc.l l.rancI...H ol' u liLn-ul .Mlucati.n 1 1"^ i.m.dpi. 
 
 nitioii i'^ 1ht<uicIo<1 upon. nM'-.n., 
 
 K.uto (!o..n.o of thr.... y.m.H, ''"'.''": y"'"^ ,.''•' ^/^^^ a" K,^.,lt,i«^ Viot.nrii. 
 Ilunior una S, ,.ior Mh-^;' :^;;-;;;,' J;;.; [J:" ,^ ;: rMl: h..nra.y .x.n.ina 
 
 ,,,.,„ for th. aillV.vni gm.h^H of '•;""•'«" ;,,;,,., ..IhI o," Hu.i. '..HoK.' 
 
 ::;;r^?r;;ri^n;!fi.r;;:;r(f::.£;.;^- 
 ;raW'Ss;,^,:i^:;!:;::t:;i:::;^^ 
 
 „,« ro...... Tlu, HooiotioH connooto. w.U. ll.o (...«' X „ ,' , ,l ..|„out.ion). 
 
 r;r;5,;t,:''il;:::;:;;'t::;::i^'.fu""i- -' '"■" 
 
 loi coHan. huLJ-oIh or in r.a.n ,l..|-rt.."onlK. 
 
 2. Woodstock C< liege. 
 
 i,ai! by then. uaou) ». 'riicoluLncal ^<1wm.i an<l ih 
 
 \\, „,t..,tlnH College waHtl.o Ha|.t st ' ;; '^'' ,,,,,ti,,,. ,,t' c.r,- 
 
 \n here I'liUv illuHtintcd. 
 
 , rM Thn curriculu... in ....nprchon^.v., o.nbranmg not fewer thu,. 
 «. Snt S...V«;r U.a., ,.u,..o.. L. U.0 Co.n.nerc...l (^..llege. 
 
76 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OK ONTARIO, 
 
 
 These 
 
 debates, es^iy. et? thT JuLm Mi«7„'^"''"J^'- '^" "«'"•«"«'' "^ ^^'ch *'" 
 and the Ole/n^r SocietV e aL^'-" "^i '^ ^''^ fixceUior Society, 
 
 the two Iatf..r HiMThanl i£LZ"T'^'^ exclusively of ladies. Each o 
 of the Alum.,, and Alu,..na. Tw?.^„^.- """'• ^'\*:'"" '* "''" «'" Association 
 College e,uip.....e. fca^^^^Z Ss^ullj^r^r'''"" ''^" 
 
 3. Trinity College School. 
 
 of Trinity CotgS'' if '„o\"^ ^""« V'^'"^ - *^« University 
 
 opened May lit ISfi-^ 1 \" ^^X.^^ ""^er its control. It wa« 
 DuHni the Va 1868 ?; w^ ' '^'^'l^.*' f ^^•^^°"' "^^'^ Toronto. 
 
 bod3!:'"crSrgVthe^BtCof Xo^ti Tr^l^i:''"' VJ« ^^'^-^ -^ -rporate 
 Professors of Arts of TrinitySlith«H„' f*^ *^^""''?"?'-' *''« P'^vost and 
 persons. • ^ i-oiiege, the Head Master of the School, and other 
 
 of th'^'Se^itt^'JirtM^trncHx^^ 'V'' Mat"-lation Exa.nination 
 different Medical Schools .^ the Knee rrn'""? t\^" ^^ ^°°'«'y ''"d the 
 e^^ instruction can be .^ rnTe^^JllV^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 baseJuTnX-^nSh'^SSr^^^^^^^ — «-ent of the School are 
 
 the iloTTZ\?iTS: Z^Z'jf j2S"Ss^'''"^^"T T - ''^ «'^* «^ 
 Corporation also offers Twe.itv R?ir».ri i |''«8e ^'-e awarded annually. The 
 
 The Exhibitions ar.3 the Bulrie^arSthfh''%v "'^'"° "^ «120 each 
 
 Ontario. A scholarship oTthe a^^nuL vie of l^las h"'' T' f J^'' '^'"^^ "^^ 
 of the late Rev. F. A. Bothune B A n ,. * ■ ? ''*'®" founded .n memory 
 It is awarded to the hefd boyTn the Fifth Fn™,'*'?*''!^^."?'^^*^'- '" *'>« ^''^ooX 
 General's medal for Mathenmtks the f Lnf T = ^" '''¥'''°" *" ^l^" Govemor- 
 and the Provost's for SS 'a nu^r f"' '^"'^ ^"' ^""^^'^^ P'"fi<=i«n<'y. 
 aubjectfl. •■^iv.nity, a number of prizes are awarded for specific 
 
CLASSICAL AND LITERARY COLLEOES. 
 
 77 
 
 ral Hocietiei. 
 of which art) 
 Uior Society, 
 es. Each of 
 n AsBociation 
 conipleto the 
 it. 
 
 University 
 
 )1. It W&H 
 
 f Toronto. 
 t Hope, on 
 nt of the 
 gement of 
 A., D.C.L.. 
 
 a corporate 
 *rovo8t and 
 1, and other 
 
 xaniinution 
 3ty and the 
 , Kingston, 
 Shorthand 
 
 School are 
 
 the gift of 
 Jally. The 
 ^20 each, 
 e clergy of 
 n memory 
 lie schooj. 
 Govenior- 
 roficiency, 
 ar specific 
 
78 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 IV. LADIES' COLLEGES. 
 
 1. Alexandra College, Belleville 
 
 but attend the same le.' 1.^1.^ rZ '"P^?'^'^"'" ^^ ^ Preceptress, 
 classes as the stuTnts of XiTpnlf ' '"f ^ruction in the same 
 ^liplomas -Mistresst the £ bera^iS:' M £T .«^"^^f J-,^ "P ^o 
 Modern Literature. M.M.L. ' """'^ Mistress in 
 
 2. Alma Co'lege, St. Thomas. 
 
 home decorative ait Tl > "\ '"-^^^-^^'^il-. wax-work, leather- work, etc and 
 
 .nent, as well Z t\c^^ S^^Z^K^^'' "" '^rT'"'^^ depart' 
 Department of Domestic E- n, n.v!,?i r ' P^"""g.'''-^I>hy a'»l Type-writing A 
 "lental lessons in Sery ex e l^nrt wr?!""'^ ^'*^', '^ ^''"^^'^ "^ «^^Pert 
 practical lessons in the nfoS'f oieS'^ tT/r^\7 '^^^^ -^ 
 
 afthavjon with the Ontario School of Tit md ,nor« H ^'''^ department is in 
 XtlolfXr '''-'' -eiJeV:;;^^^- l-^^ed students 
 
 I'lete, andXi;iS'c,:;;;rting tttescrS 1 *'" ^^^P-t--^^ ^ -i,v com- 
 mon to receive one or oLr of^h" fjgre" M^TTr M E L ''"'' "" ^*""'-- 
 
 3. Bishop Strachan School (Wykeham Hall), Toronto 
 
 name it b.a>-,. waVc'iriS ?n s.!?'; Z-™™"'' P'"'"'' "■•<>« 
 H i, situate., in the Ci^'^S^lleoS'l'JSTSr ■«"«■ 
 
 Stuwe.s. - 
 
 Medueval, Modern and Church Hi^toiT •\^V.m"uVhr^ir "";'"P?!""" ' Ancient, 
 
 French, German, Italian, Drawim' AllehrTtxtdti'vl^'^^^^^ 
 
 singmg Calisthenics, Nee<llew,.rT^ &, M i^ 
 
 mony ; Painting. ^t""* music , Art Needlework ; Har- 
 
 Lady 
 
ladies' colleges. 
 
 79 
 
 d for lady 
 *receptress, 
 1 the same 
 lead up to 
 distress in 
 
 h, is char- 
 Literature, 
 cy Work, in 
 <, etc., and 
 ;iiil Depart- 
 ■vriting. A 
 i of experi- 
 il course of 
 ■tment is in 
 3d students 
 
 I very coni- 
 n cxaniina- 
 
 30US speci- 
 air propor- 
 
 libsence of 
 nts. 
 
 Some and 
 nch organ- 
 
 >nto. 
 
 s, w);ch 
 ke wl.ose 
 in 1868. 
 
 iiig ladies 
 ctrine as 
 
 J. Council 
 the Lady 
 
 1 Elocu- 
 Ancieut, 
 e, Latin, 
 :e, Class- 
 k ; Har- 
 
 S..K..-The Lady ^r^^.^^^^^ 'SZT:::^^'^::^'^'^^ 
 seventeen in number, seven of ^J^°" ,^'^^,7^ "nd for the due supervision and 
 for competent teaching in '^^"y^^r'^fi^ilh'eir health and comfort. The staft 
 moral culture of the P"P'l«'.*f. ^^i?;^ tiiemselves at the University and the 
 
 work requiring two years. University graduates, and 
 
 ExAMiKEHS.-The exananers are selec ed^^^^^^^^ y g ^ 1^, 
 
 there is a University pepartment ^^ J^^'^^f ^ly for Women, or for Matri- 
 examinations in the Trinity College Co"'^«^ ';„;X 'upils have already niatncu- 
 Son at the University "fJXSies are thul glen for higher culture m 
 
 Mathematics, and iii Art. ^^ ^^^^ at 
 
 N0TK.-Such of the pupils as ha-.-^P^.^ X^ themselves in any 
 Wykeham Hall, but may '^f/f , *° 'T^as Teachers\ can do so on the 8ame 
 Sls^'r^b^^of^rt^^^^^^^ in every respect to the dis- 
 
 cipline of the school. rVnpral Proficiency in the 
 
 ]S!Zrt£SZl:S^^i^^SS^'^ ..„„y.w.,>e.ho.e«ho ,»„.. .t 
 receive Honorable Mention. 
 
 4 Young Ladies' College, Brantford. 
 
 This College, established i^ 187^ is in^-^-Ji-/^^ 
 Presbyterian Church ^ Canada. It s^^t ^^^^^^^^ 
 
 Brantford, on the Grand ^'^^'''^^ the management of a Board 
 the country. The College f^^^^^'^J^'.^J^Ve Moderator of the 
 comprising ^^f -' ^^ , f "^Csb^^^^^^^^^ in Canada) ;.twc 
 
 General Assembly of P« ^'^^%^^eral Assembly); an Advisoiy 
 OfRcial Visitors (appointed J'^ , ^^''^^d of nine Di^^^^^ 
 Council of three Clergymen, and a Board ot n 
 
 D.P.KXMKKXS.-L The ^^-^^^^^:^^^ uTon'the'maturity^ml 
 
 SS years the f^^l^jS^^ZZSZ^Z 'le^f^^ 
 who desire to prepare for the ^IXd^^n Languages, Literature and History 
 r^tPs In the Departments of Modern .^^"''."f'' ,' .^ prepare for the Local 
 
 French; Latin; German ; Science , Philosophy a g p t„n,nts of 
 
 SPKCi.. CO.KS.S. The subjects are - - ^«,f, ^c^nd year^l. of Toronto 
 
 Literature, Arts or Music. ..warded to those students who 
 
 DIPLOMAS AKO CKHTincATE.-Du. om^^^^^^^^^^ ^^„,i,, eourse. Evei,' 
 
 pass satisfactory examinations on the .om^^le^^ ^,,^^ „, re groups 
 
 OF HER STANDING. 
 
80 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYgTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 11 
 
 5. Hellmuth Ladies' College, London. 
 
 providing a Eou;^^"'] beraU^. ^^f 'f ?"'"'?' ^^*'^ *^« ^^ject of 
 The buildings arrwell Sed^n if 'f "'!-^°^ ?°^ ^^""8 '^^ies. 
 comprising 150 acres andtn f b ■ T7 1^'^*'''"^ in large grounds, 
 the banks^'of the Rive^ Thames with" '* "V^'^f^^^"^ ^^^"^''y. «» 
 The Discipline ofTe Co £ it^ Hn- %'^^'r^-*'/' ^^^^ «^ ^«"d«"- 
 Departments are undpr )£' ^°'^^«'i«' Social and Educational 
 anJ his ^?f^' *"? ""^^'^ ^'i*^ supervision of the Rev. the Princinal 
 
 and Gre:^'ld^n'Snrh^" ^r^''' «—' Italian LaS 
 -essons in Practical Si^rf' fgitntTach ^''- ^ ^^^ ^^ 
 
 and German publications. P^""'"''''^^ '" literature and art, including French 
 
 ^oh^'lll^MZnTi^^^^ Th« School of Literature; the 
 
 m each of these schools extendstfe'r three y:fr^ ^''"'"'- ^^« ^"^-^ ^^ «W 
 
 Itajlian a'nd '^al^lJlSt.:^^^^^^^ ^■«*-^' ^'--s, French, 
 
 Subjects, German. '"Science, Physiology, Domestic Economy, English 
 
 of MuJ^iSfsi/s^^iij^Sro:!:^^^''^?^^' «~^. *»^e Histo.^ 
 
 Organ, and Violin ; and to gfn rm^.r / f'^lWing .-Piano, Singincr, 
 remainuig three. BV^^iiallZ T-.^%?^ ""^ knowledge in one of the 
 
 pegr«« of Ba<=helor of Music. 1 scholarsh^n J'^h ^n''' *^ 1^'''^'=^*"^ *" ^^e 
 Leip.g has been lately f.nnded for^^tlTfrr tt^if.^r "^•>' "^ ^"^'«' 
 
 School Sl^tnlfhe^^o^LfAn'schti?""^ " ^^"''^ P-^-d in the Ontario 
 
 of by-tlSSciptr'-'"'"' ^°"^«^ "^ «^"^^ •» ^'^^ School has to be approved 
 
 fieat^Te^v^^ pa'ti^F^iSrsr sStol^" -^'^ «f -^ -^ certi- 
 
 available for competition! »eveial Gold and Silvt,- Medals are 
 
lADlES' COLLEGES. 
 
 81 
 
 6. Wesleyan Ladies' College. Hamilton. 
 
 This Institution, situated i" Ha.j.- - ^^^^^^^^^ • 
 
 of Parliament and ^^.^P^^^^ciurch A Canada. It was the first 
 Conference of the ^^^t^^^;,^^^^,^^^^ the separate education of 
 
 College in the Province chartered lo^ ^^.^^^ ,^^^^^^ for 
 
 youni ladies, although not the hrst ^"^ ^ ^^^^^^ Academy- 
 theh"gher education of women, ihe upp ^^.^^^^i^y), which 
 anothe"r Methodist mst^tution- now J^c^^^ ^ ^^^.^^, department 
 was opened in 1836, had trom the jey^ teachers. It was 
 
 ihel\nn?y StuVn o^tte^f d in XTpper Canada that form- 
 X adopted'the principle of co-educatjon^ ^^^^.^^^^ 
 
 Undlr the Act oy^^K^^^f Di-li; are elected by the 
 and nine members of the Boaid ot 1> ^^^^^^^ Conference, 
 
 Stockholders, and the ^^^^^f J^Vmunions, while the pupils 
 
 and may belong to «ther P ot^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 are at full liberty to attend then own ^^^ ^^ ^^^ 
 
 CO.KSB OK ^-rt^^:^rS:Tl^^oK:U in sconce, Literature, 
 pupils to appreciate the stanoaru 
 Languages and Philosophy. p^^p.R^TOuv and the Academic Depart- 
 
 Depautments of Study. -The ^^^^nt which extends over four years, 
 
 , general Mi...»i..t"'" \" «„ eSney of «.» College. . 
 
 map.. Sl"!-"' •"■ • '"" Hh X/coUece there are t«o Lilerat>- Socelie.. 
 
 tl-esc Societies. n^„^r;V>i Silver Medal for proficiency m 
 
 ''" I>KX.ES.-Besides the .^^;»X:d in' t^ifff^^^^^^ Departments by fnends of 
 
 SS^-^^^-t'"" wef'r:::fer scholastic distinctions. The 
 
 Honors -The College l^^^.P^^fA'Lx fsiven to those who complete the 
 
 title of ML. A. (Mistress of Libera^^Arts)^^ Literature), to t u>se who 
 
 7 Ontario Ladies' College. Whitby. 
 
 • •. ...1 in the town of Whitby, and occupies 
 
 This College is situated "^ the w purposes. It is 
 
 eKtensive buildings very . appropr at.^o ^« >, P^^{; ^^ (. da. 
 
 conducted under the auspices o th« ^ ho^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ abundantly 
 
Ill 
 
 «2 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 usually taught in schooCi a hi Jh ^t^^^^ '"^J^'^'^ ''^ '^'^'^y >"'^l»de all that ail 
 
 examination, or for any of the exarZatioL fr ?^ "l*"^ ^'^^P^''^ ^"'- ""« 
 attending the regular classes and Son to ^duatS'^ ''''f<^^tes, whilst 
 given to Reading and Elocution. graduation. Special attention is 
 
 presSrrU'duati^;'oo;;Ii".^^^^^^^^^ by a Professor of Music, 
 
 in American and European Conservatories tT ""'' *!"""=' ""''^^ <«■ '« gi^« 
 those wishing to tit the^nselves\: b^tmrieac^it^oroi'aniS'^^ '« ^^'^P* '^ ^- 
 .School op Fine Apt ti.^ ;„ i. ^- 'siwuais. 
 
 .1.. pupil. „v» „ stoiumI c„i r,"™rxiii^? F °°'^^^^^^ 
 
 given in the ((„i,ri„ School of Art »ill, tho ilS, ? " *"■ ■""'' "■ " 
 
 Appaeatm, ™.^Tho Mu,o„r " . ! •"'''"""""•'»»" "d crfUcto, 
 
 .^fc ^,s ."o'lSr Sr .If js;,r,a'i/t Sis :.' .s: 
 
 f erred on those wlio comnlete thn ,>»,,^T ^'i That of M.E.L. is con- 
 Oerman. A Diploma is^^^S^d o tS who cl Latin French and 
 
 Music^ Diplomas, grades A and B are award'",?' h^ ^^^ prescribed course in 
 Arts Courses. ' ® awarded to those completing the Fine 
 
 the Methodi^t^ChS-Jo'rt a';:nXrtrtd'?: ^'^ ^^"'^^'^^ ^^^^ ^^ 
 
 8. 
 
 Ladies' College, Ottawa. 
 
 Church of Canada 'vSh a view L „^.^"lTr' "^ *^^ Pre.sbyterian 
 eastern portion of the Do J^^n a fiS ^1 ^' T""? ^"^^^« ^^ ^he 
 Protestant principles To this end t^el?^ f m'""' ^""''"^ "P«" 
 affiliation with, and recognitiinTron th! ?pn "^ i^r^^Tf '^•^^"^'^^ 
 Presbyterian Church in Canada wTo annoh.t tw i^'T^^^ "^ '^' 
 Act of Parliament, eight meXVs of t1ie^Rn„.J^l l'''^?''' *"d- ^7 
 in all) nmst belong t?the Prlsb'lrLn CWh "''''' ^'*'*^"' 
 
 Course of Study.— The Courap nf m^^A ■ 
 Preparatory Course, and three CdWiae Co,S " ''^^^'''^^^1^^^' embracing a 
 ~designedtoaffordathororghtmiSlitb/f ,""''''.' ^''^^^"^ ■*»'' Senior 
 ^nd Scientific Education. w1 h a vTewl , 'rt T''^!? " "" ^"«''«''' Classical 
 the English subjects receive spedal rttentZ ). .P"'' '.*'"''''^'"" to the pupils, 
 historical departments-thus JL ng r "i iTe^ic^ '" '\' ^"1^ "^^ry and 
 language, literary and historical P'^»''"»e"C'^ to a stuJy of the English 
 
 Colors. Free Hand Drawing is co^nputroi! UH' pu;!l '/If the^;^' ,? ' ^^'''- 
 
 Music—While Music is ono ,.( A, a . ^ P P *^"'' College, 
 vatoryof Music oLrs TdVLtages o tfZ" r^^ ' '"f'-r'^-' the Conser- 
 entirely to the study of music The cZrJ .''"'" ^^ '^•^^'"^'^ themselves 
 Vocal Music, Harmony and Compos L?"^'""'''' ^'*""' ^''g'^". Violm, 
 
ladies' colleges. 
 
 88 
 
 
 Demill Ladies' College, Oshawa. 
 
 9. uemiM i.a«>^>' " — « • f 1 R 
 
 Th. CoUese, »<!« a^J-ej-^ t,rTo:lJ: The 
 \ R llpmill is well situated near wie ,. , -^j^ various 
 
 tuiSin^/Tf iar,e and ^^^^^^.^tZ'^L^i^on^^^ 
 modern improvements. The «-o"ej^^ students with the highest 
 Ivery etfort^ is made to surround ^l^^ ^^^^^^ " i^^,^,!^ feature in 
 Cral and reUgious associa Uor^^ O^ 
 connection with the School i. that tlie preparatory, 
 
 competent teachers. . graduate are required to pass an 
 
 'CCKSE IN. M-x--PuP^ «i- -la^Ts oTer two years a.^d embraces the 
 
 cessful examniation at the enU oi 
 „, E.,g«.U L»».....e." ^_^_, ^^, ,j^i„g B«,„ .„ ,.n equipped, .nd 
 
 ,>„^s;"-ir".™.. ."»"■««»• 
 
 ,0 Woodstock College-Uadies' Department. 
 
 (See f'Tooiistocfc Coll&je., 
 
 ,,. Loretto Abbey, Toronto. 
 
 . u-.-u thiq Abbey (founded in 1847)— tne 
 
 ^» <-■ ■ •■^"r K,rrflittubt-«dt Rot, whence 
 youth. 'She Mother H™-"! J"» "^ j^;, ,^tter city, about 1683, 
 [t was transferre,! to »""'*,,„ *J™ith and York, Engta. In 
 rSr;avrof S«XrT("S «- community estabUshed a 
 
84 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTAUIO. 
 
 S^^^^Mouli^'S^ir:;:::'^!;?- ''^ ^f «-^ '-'■ founca. 
 
 l^ou^eoi Nazareth Z^Zl K ett iMT'i "' 'j -'-"tto." from tl,. 
 fron. the Irish Mother Hous hate ..r.-rf '^"""'' "" ^'''^tions 
 
 from »11,00() t„ aiJwO vJ ,""'""«« ^vuh #70,00 1 The incnno vari..K 
 
 "■"hoH TI,oy receive tuit "^ imu ii'r ' ;"'''-^'^' ^"/''^' ^-l-oation of y„,„; 
 '» Enghsh French, Ituliun, ( c , 3 j t n T'" "^ ''"l^V"'" '"■ K'-^rfliunH*^ 
 •loon u,u CJuitar; Si„gi„j,'. ()i '„' i/:''V ,^^"''«"':«^''l; ""'l', I'iano. Meh.I 
 Uuter-coh^VM; Pencil histil > m.I Vi . T' '"'"^•""' ^''J t'liinting, Paintinif in 
 and Fancv Noedlework etc ~' ';:?''"'"'"'''-"''''r^"'«= ^'''''••'•i« ' i' IMa 
 same Course .f Instruction" is h.Ial.*'''''''' '" P'.'"""'^'^ Kcnon,/.' T . 
 Academies of Lorotto. ' *''" """"' l""-"'"''' '» hH the Convents ami 
 
 12. Academy of the Sacred Heart, London. 
 
 education to wou.in of the i rl ' i,?^'"'" «{, ^'^C"""?? h CJhri.stian 
 '^xist i„ Australia, New Zeal ami Iv "'• . ^?''^'' "*" *''i'^ <>'-^'^''' 
 must hoKl themseveshircS OSS rr ■/""'' ^^^''''- '^^ teachers 
 by the Superior-(Jen\>r wl o r '^l ^'' *n "V^ I^"^^ '^•^■^if^'"'^'' tl'en. 
 
 ^30,000 which is admiral.li- heated W Li ^ addition, at a est of over 
 pupils of all kinds in attendfuice i^abouf 250.' ^•^'"^'''^♦"l- The nunil.er of 
 
 13. St. Joseph's Academy, Toronto. 
 
 of ^ X^S^lS^jrtS:^^ ^ Tr ^^^f' ^^ *•- «'«ters 
 I60O. With few excei)tionI ] ^ ^ Tt'! '" ^^y""«' l^^^nce, in 
 Toronto are under tSE^'i'' Sepamte Schools of the Diocese of 
 
 well equipped. It is situa c^ ?, "aril ?n '^'"^J'^ 7''y '«''g« '^"'1 i« 
 i.s under the supervisio o h" Moth ?C'-^^ ,The Aeade„.y 
 IS done by the Sisters of tL r^J -l ^".Pf '"'o»'. 'i"'' the teach in r 
 
 or two D^art^nt: 1^,,*::'= -Y-CplX KrT '" ""'' 
 
 CoiK.SE OK STiT.,v..^Thorea,v. tw, n . ^^ " attendance, 
 
 former eiubracing all the sub cXof a.teenH!''''' " •'""'"'•-"l - «onio,.; the 
 aarten. The studies in the Seni. r T ,. ..V .'"^ ""'''''"''' ''"-'Ju.linjf a Kinder- 
 ombrace English. Mathe„,!l;.c^', ^1]^^^^;^"* "^'J-''' ''vor tl.n./yeil;: al;:, 
 are pre,.ared for University honors and •^'': ' ' ""« l^^'Partment the pupils 
 Teachers' Certificates. ' " *'" ^"«^- ''^i^'^ond an.l Thiid-das.s 
 
 E|J«£rimld^^ thoroughly p.ounded in 
 
 and Fancy Work. ^'"' ^*"du«n Languages, Music, Painting 
 
 of n.eS,\~ld Vn'lf s'lver^ ' UrSinl:' T*"" ^'"''"^ 'F« distributed in the form 
 His., awarded. ^'raduating honors, certificates of merit, etc. ;[," 
 
ladies' colleges. 
 14. Loretto Convent, Lindsay. 
 
 86 
 
 ' . •. f 1 on a slicht elevation, which corn- 
 This Institution )h «>t"^, f .^^/ Jthc surrounding country, 
 .naiuls a view of he town t^^^ ^^^^^^j'^^^ ■„ ^^tcl for the porfectjon 
 It was estal.lishe.1 in ^^^O. H e «^ n ventihition adopted n 
 
 of its style an.l finish, a.ul for the ">^t' «^ " ^ furnished with 
 
 ?L;Con'vent. The study haAK jU,r m^^^^^ ,, the late 
 
 all modern improvements, cluuiy vm 
 
 Tl.o uu.nbor ..f t'=achor« m^H.x, a.ul the ^ ^^^ 
 
 tho Lorotto A\.l.oy, T..r..nt,(.. 
 
 ,6 Loretto Academy. Belleville. 
 
 4 f «90 000 Ub annual niconio »« 
 ThiH Seminary waB -t'^^-l'«J,lto'oiX^ ; -" -" "- -"V^" "' '"'' ' 
 
 ,6 Loretto Academy, Niagara Falls. ^ 
 
 17 Loretto Convent, Hamilton. 
 18 Loretto Convent, Guelph. 
 
 ,,..««; If. h«. fivB dop»rtmonU of ntu.ly, 
 •l<)0, and the number ..f Rraduatts 
 
 19. 
 
 Loretto Convent, Stratford. 
 
 Its annual income is $3,000. 
 
 The 
 
 This Convent was esUhlished in 187». 
 and other phvces.n Ontario. 
 
hi 
 
 I 
 
 86 
 
 V. 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 JIfEDICAL COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. 
 
 Province is a. ^e i^bS^Js^Sl P-etitione? iT^^^ 
 
 mda^cate. an institution for Z\?^Zg ofMedldnV'^ """^ "^"^'^ 
 
 CouJd,\S?,So7w^ - '"anaged by a 
 
 Province, (2) Twelve TtuTiSrEroen/.Til" ""'^ ^^ ""^ Universities in tl.e 
 
 (J;i*ive Representatives from H>„ H ^ witnin tlie territona d vision n„A 
 
 become legally qualified practioners In ^11 i ^ f '^'^ '""^y ^"^ admitted and 
 the examination. ^ ^cuoneis. In all cases, however, they must undergo 
 
 2. Toronto School of Medicine. 
 
 sicia?sltstrgeoni"n G^eTBr^'^ ''^ '"^'^^'^' C«"««-« of Phy- 
 School in 1843: and Tnc^rated^ Zt ^fS^' ^V'^ ^^^^^ 
 It IS m affiliation witli the Univenitv of T^ , """"l^ ^" ^^'^l- 
 Univers ty, of which it nin.r i.. ^ -J ^x, Toronto and Victoria 
 Staff of Lecturers is clnoidnf?'''^? "^' P*'^^^ Faculty Te 
 is in close proxir^ii;rt^,^rl;Vrr&S£f^'Jrt"^- ^'^^ ^^^'^^^ 
 also access to the various pubiL ^fe'lhe I^: '^^ ^^^'^ 
 
 -r-S^S:^-^^-lrS-^^^ 
 
 ^n^iiHE!^-=-~-^^ ind^ls\SSt?sS^: 
 3. Trinity Medical School, Toronto 
 
 B J!:; 'n^^tthZe,3;f:nU"aj;f:/^ ^^ ^.^^-' ^-.11. 
 of Trinity Coile^e. lA 185 5 fi Vl ^ ?" ^'^'^^^^^ ^f the University 
 versity. ^In ,8?1 it wafr^^rini/ed und^' " ^''"^.'^^^ ^^e UnT 
 constituted but with many ofT orf^n^f P % ^^'"'^^ differently 
 1877 the School, instead o^ beif. one of fcl-'F''T- ^" ^^e year 
 varsity of Trinity College, became'^: aLiate Jrdy " ""' ''" ^'"^- 
 
 Course OP Study Tho n....^; i , '^' 
 
 theCoUege of Physicians and^'suSn^^^^ the subjects required by 
 
 on Medical Psychology, Biology ZooW pT. ' """^ ^^^''^^^ these, Lectures 
 who desire to graduate at thf Un3l of 't-' T^"^'^ ^"' ^^"'^ «tS 
 courses are demanded. university of Toronto, or wherever else these 
 
 1 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. 
 
 87 
 
 Sval Coffge of" Physicians and ^^'-fj^^^tSSn'B College of'PhyBicu.ns 
 Sans ami Surgeons of «l«K"ri^''^5 "j^Borrds i^i London and Edinburgh. 
 Hrelandrand by theconjomt E'^aj^^^^^^ »"; ^J^^^^i,,, .insisting of Didactic 
 
 of the Toronto School of Meaicine. 
 
 4 Roya. College of Physicians and Surgeons. Kingston. 
 
 This Medical College was in^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 independent P«w«^%^"l Pr/KiDlomas of " Licentiate " and 
 its own students and others the D^) oma^ ^_^^ ^ 
 
 ■Fellow." In «0"«T'^"eLDeLe?' Doctor of Medicine and 
 
 sity, its students oV^'^^^t'i^^X requisite examination. 
 
 Master of Surgery,' by P^«« ffJ^^J^ttendance at this College are recog- 
 
 FOREION R«^r;:'n°'l-;;^Su1« London and Edinburgh, 
 nized by the Royal College of ^^^^^^y embraces all the subjects required by 
 
 equivalent. 
 
 6. Ontario College of Pharmacy, Toronto. 
 
 tSJZ rSc»^t,e .ho deaire to carry on th» 
 
 himiness of Chemist or Druggist. pharmaceutical 
 
 e V, n. nf Dentistry of the Royal College of Dental 
 6. school of Den^.stry^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^.^ 
 
 was empowered to estaousii » 
 Toronto. 
 
li.l 
 
 'm^jm 
 
 88 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTABIO. 
 
 Td a'h lf"t '""'" ''I"' ^"'t^' into Sdenturefwfth rki"'' '" "I""'"'""' ox,2' 
 
 .^?^\ '^^'""'"Sy; Chemistry and MttC^iMfr ''"'.'''''■y' Anat,.my; 8ur- 
 
 (L.D.S),embraceB"th:t2Bub^^^^^^^^ Licentiate of ifenur^^jt; 
 
 I'f Master of Dental SurKervTMDS^f, ;"'''''', '"'""'*^'y- A further Di,Z2 
 m the same subjects, bufoTi mSe iS 7f- '^^'^ *'""•""«»' --xa-SSn 
 ^~son.e preserved ^-bJecCrSi-:^'- "^ ^i^wHUn^.^^ 
 
 7 Women's Medical CCege, Kingston and Toronto. 
 
 United States. the'S;sVe;^ £1^^^^^^^^^ ^Z'^-" «-« the 
 
 Province until the year IHSO Lb "^'ff ^^'O". ^as not made in this 
 
 was attempted at th^Ro '^^^^^^^ t^J%P^'"-P'« oi co-education 
 Kingston. As this did not lln^l^r / f^J'^'^'ans and Surgeons 
 Education of women on?y Tar estabtt^^^ 
 Council of Kingston placTdTfb! r f '1} ^^^^- The City 
 ments in the cL BufldTnl !Jt ^'^'^^ f *^« School apart 
 
 the School was pCed upofa ^^^6^? "• ^""/^?"^ ^-'^f'^-^ 
 was established in Toronto lb ^''^^"^nfc basis. A similar School 
 
 to give all the ^i^at^lTtitTT'^^^^^^^^ '^ ^^/^^ -- «f each 
 practical rudiments of Medicine S"'"''^'"^ ^" t^e scientific and 
 
 ordin^i;^SrCot?d"HvtTS.STAi^r''T '-" -poet, to the 
 
 reqms, es for graduation diffei n no sens^'fi""' ''f'^^' ""^' ^ehools. Th^ 
 male students. Several have JLdy sZnJtJIIV'-'^'' '^'^''^''''^ f''^'" the 
 
 Toronto has not been e.ablisl JLtTnUghl: sli^out^- .^^S^^^^^^ "' 
 
 0"*^'-'° Veterinary College, Toronto. 
 
 Act ofVarrmifemplvfefeS^^^^ AHs Association was by 
 
 he instruction of pupHs ^V comoetent '« ^^ ^'*'""" >' ^^^^^Se foV 
 he science and practice of the VeSinarrf'^PP^"''^^' ^'^'^^'' i" 
 m Anatomy, Physiology, Materia MS«Tb^"^ "'^'^"""'^ P"Pi'« 
 try, and as to the breeding of ll'Sf ?''''^Pe»tics, Chemis- 
 proof to the satisfaction of the Council tW T'"'^^'' *^"d upon 
 requisite qualifications, to g ant CloLa- '^'t ^""^'^^ P<>««ess the 
 
 T'fP^^^^ ite- i;Lr 'rn^^^-e was given in 
 uated '^r.^lMrr"^ ^^ '^gncultuml stu^ flS-r/l '^'"', "'"^«« ^*" 
 
 present is about 270, and neXi'l^f 5'that J'l ""'"'^^ "' thelss 
 States. Five hundred and fort^-six (myltS^S;: ^^^ "^ U^^"' 
 
MEDlf'^' 
 
 OOLLEaES AND SCHOOLS. 
 
 89 
 
IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-G) 
 
 
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 I.I 
 
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 L25 1 1.4 
 
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 1.6 
 
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 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 Corporation 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
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90 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 VI. BUSINESS COLL^OES. 
 
 educatbnalTylfem rtfir ^r^!''^'^^^^ "«eful feature in our 
 obtained ?n This sneSl ^.1? % ^"f ""'' *'*'"^"g ^^^^ <^" be best 
 objects to 11 vourLril^H '^ '^^"^.l^t'^^' '"«tit"tions. Their 
 of mercantile life tL? ^- "^r^-" *°' ^^e various departments 
 areloS in Toronto ^2?"^ ^T'^'^.o^'^l^^^'^ ^" this Province 
 Kingston GuelphChathin' ^.T'k"" ^l^' Belleville, Brockville. 
 Owen Sound ^ Chatham, Peterborough, London, Ottawa and 
 
 Selling Co„espoUnee, bS^. ^rrT:.?^^^ T^P^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 IX. MISCELLANEOUS INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 I. The Magnetic and Meteorological Observatory, Toronto. 
 
 (Under the direction of the Dominion Government ) 
 
 Artillery was sent out as the officer to take charo^p of flf n ^ 
 
 the Council Sfle^'unlrity SfKTn^rOoEe "w1th"rhf Y 
 condition that the bnildi-nrya "f.^ v. ^^^'"gs »-^ouege, with the sole 
 
 obtoined n Januarv 1S4n ?L k .p,?''«'-''--"--Oener«l having been 
 
 and read;"f„r oce7pa irinXteSe? The S," '",*' '"'!"«' 
 ated in latitude .S^S.-aj", andt^Se r^lS^'^a h^^S; 
 
Br 
 
 St 
 
 ir 
 
 ts 
 ;e 
 
 id 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 91 
 
 was placed in charge of Lient-Jfomig ^^^ ^ j^^ t^^. 
 
 Director until near *»j;l„°VSerll ir John Henry Lefroy, 
 during which Lieut. Letroy now 
 
 R.A., 7.B.S., etc.--had charg. -^tendent of Education, the 
 
 Tn the year I80O the «^mei oupc , Lefi^y, R-A- sub- 
 
 ReJ. DrRy'erscn, at ^^!^-^^^^:^tort?^^^^^^^^^ -^^Ta 
 
 niitted to the Government a pl*nj«^ ^ ^ Upper Canada, 
 
 Lical stations throughout wliat was then K ,^1-^^ ^^^ 
 
 at° every senior County Grammar Scho^^^^^ j,, 
 
 passed by the Legisla ure with ^^^^^^^^ ..^^e instruments, it 
 having arisen in supplying the schoois ^^^^^^ stations. 
 
 was not until 1856 that ^b^^^^^^^^rrwere thir 
 
 According to the original design there w j^ that number 
 
 Se we're subseciuentlyre^^^^^^^ Department to the 
 
 of High Schools report througn vn^ 
 
 Observatory. . Tn^nto under the auspices of the British 
 
 ZL M 4. in the year 1855. ^^"«'°'" aan tViP nresent Director, C. Larpmaei, 
 
 
 m.xv., *— - ' . ^j^ estaDiisniiig ^.x ^-.';;„,„ "^ The siffnals consist 
 
 ^ I! ;.f ''Harvest and Snow Signals has been ai y ^^^ warned 
 
 dSyed on the moving trams The d^^^^^^^^ ^ ^^^^^, ^^ ,1,,, correctness .- 
 ofthe"Probabihties ; and below ^^^^ 
 
 Storm Signal Service. 
 
 830 I Number verified . . . • • • • • 
 
 Wftmincs issued : • " j «>»••' 
 
 Afvanung percentage verified 
 
 Direction of Wind. 
 
 Number of predictions.. 
 
 Number f^HyJ^^"^^?' "J 
 Percentage 
 
 78.9 
 
 Probabilities. 
 
 J r,^ I Number not verified 
 
 Number of predictions '^"""S 129 Percentage fully verified ..^^. 79.7 
 
 year • • • • 568I Percentage fully and partly ven 
 
 Number fully verified ^^^B fied ^ ''.^•' 
 
 Number partly verified • • ^j building and site, 
 
 The Observatory ^f« ^^^it^e^ces meteorological and ma^^^^^^^ 
 
92 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 2. Royal Military College, Kingston. 
 
 (Under the Direction of the Dominion Government.) 
 
 The primary object of the establishment of this Coliefre, which 
 was opened on June 1st, 1876, was to secure such a complete mili- 
 tary and scientific education to young men belongin<T to the 
 country, a,s would qualify them to fill all the higher positions in 
 the Canadian military service. At the same time, owing to the 
 breadth and general scope of the Curriculum of Study the gradu- 
 ates are titted equally for any civil business or profession, public or 
 
 The Course of Instruction covers four years. Part of this 
 course is obligatory and part voluiitary; the former embracino- 
 Mathematics, Fortification, Military Drawing, Military History 
 Ireiich or German, Elementary Chemistry, Geology, &c., Drawim^ 
 (Freehand, Figure and Landscape), Drill (Infantry, Artillery, &c.r) 
 whie the voluntary subjects include Higher Mathematics, Higher 
 Fortification and Higher Chemistry, French or German (other 
 tlian that tai<en m obligatory course). Architecture, Hydraulic 
 Jingineermg. "^ 
 
 The average number of graduates each year is about twenty 
 and ot these four are granted commissions in the Imperial Army 
 
 3. The Law Society of Upper Canada. 
 
 XI "7^^^}f'^ Society of Upper Canada was established in 179'7 by 
 the Act 37, Geo III., cap. 13, which enabled the then practitioners 
 ot the Law to form themselves into a Society ' for the purpose of 
 securing to the country and the profession a learned and honorable 
 body to assist their fellow-subjects as occasion may require and to 
 support and maintain the Constitution of the Province' ' By the 
 same Act, the Judges of the Superior Courts were constituted visi- 
 tors, with the authority to sanction such rules as they considered 
 necessary tor the good government of the Society. In 1822 the 
 Society was incorporated by the Act 2, Geo. IV, cap. 5, and its func- 
 tions vested m the Treasurer and Benchers for the time beinir 
 elected according to the By-laws of the Society. The Benchers sit 
 in Convocation every Law Term, for the admission of Students 
 and Barristers and for other general hvLsmes^r—Hodgins' Canada 
 Educational Directory. 
 
 The permanent seat of the Society is at Osgoode Hall, Toronto 
 The Society is composed of the Visitors; the Treasurer; the 
 Benchers {ex-offi.cio and elected); the Secretary, Sub-Treasurer and 
 Librarian. In the year 1881 a Law School, with a staft' of four 
 Lecturers, barrister,s-at-law, was established; the attendence at 
 which on part of the students is voluntary. The Examinations 
 consist of a Matriculation Examination; a Primary; an Interme- 
 diate, and a Final for Call to the Bar. Scholarships of the respective 
 
BENEVOLENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 98 
 
 values, SlOO, .60 and S40toge^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 to those candidates who f^^*^^ ji7[^p^,« and Honor subjects. 
 
 obtained three-fcurths «^^^^« ™^f^;,\tree Medals-gold, silver. 
 
 At the Examination ^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ to such candi- 
 
 and bronze— are awarded, together wnn f 
 
 dates as pass with Honors. 
 
 4, Public Libraries in Ontario. 
 
 I„ the yea. 1882 the fZ^'-^.^^^T^^^^X 
 Libraries Act;' for *ee,tobhshme„t Ota Free ^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ 
 
 ScirparaTb;S.,tlS>W„g aV™.y .or the eity. 
 '°°,„ , Lap- 1883 the F^eUbra.^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 vote of the citizens of Toronto the buiiQg ^_ J ^^ ^^^^ 
 the Mechanics' Institute, f^'^'^^'Z^'^^Jinienor was%emodeled 
 nology," was secured for ^^^^ P^^Kding Room, and an additional 
 so as to furnish a ^o^l^^^.^^^^^^^^^^^ hold k library of 150,000 
 
 building erected ^^^^f ".^^^J^'e^^^^ and the Library 
 
 volumes. In June ^J^^^^^^^^i^'eth, 1884; the Re ling Rooms 
 was formally ope. -d on Ma ch tt^^ ^^^.^^ ^^^ ^^^ .^^^^^ ,t 
 
 were opened on th 10th ot l ^^ ^^^^ g^^e year branch 
 
 Krie^^r ^est^aSn tli'^e LsternU northern parts of the 
 
 Board of Management, transfer t" {"f j,'^ PLi^^^ie, Act, 1882," all 
 Sfl^yS'ttp?o;?r^;:-> o? ;Ssona., of the Institute. 
 
 the University, and various college l.branes. 
 
 X. BENEVOLENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, ETC, 
 Indian Schools for Boy. and GirU, Saul. S.e. Marie. 
 
 The Shingwa* Ho- 'or Boy^ -^j^^/^Xf ofX™. 
 Girls are both ^r'^*?'/*"'' their orig n to the indefatigable 
 rS^f CSpa?S rv.'E^^aVir. Wilson. The Shing- 
 
 6 
 
94 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF ONTARIO. 
 
 wauk Home was named after an Indian chief (Little Pine), and was 
 first opened at Garden River in 1873. Near the close of that year 
 the Home was destroyed by fire, but was re-erected at Sault Ste. 
 Marie during the followin<jf summer — the corner-stone having been 
 laid by the Earl of Dufferin on the 30th July, 1874— and was 
 opened on August 2nd, 1875. 
 
 The Wawanosh Home for Girls, also named after an Indian 
 chief (Sailing Gracefully), was opened, with a number of Indian 
 girls as pupils, on August 19th, 1879. 
 
 Training.— The girls are thoroughly trained in liousework, cooking, bak- 
 ing, and laundry work ; and the boys, after spending about two years steadily 
 at school, in their third year commence learning a trade, and during the last 
 two years of residence rank as ai)i)rentices. . . . Carpentering and printing 
 are taught within the precincts of the Institution, but for instruction in other 
 branches of trade the boys are sent to the village near by. 
 
 These homes are supported mainly by voluntary contributions, the annual 
 grant from the Indian Department being insufficient for their support. Most 
 of the individual children are provided for by weekly contributions made in 
 Canadian Sunday-schools of the Church of England. There are nearly eighty 
 children in the two homes. 
 
 Note. — A number of Indian schools exist in various parts of the Province. 
 They are under the management of the Dominion Government, but, for pur- 
 poses of inspection, are under the supervision of the Ontario Education 
 Department. 
 
 XI. BENEVOLENT EDUCATIONAL HOMES AND 
 REFORMATORIES. 
 
 I. The Boys' Home, Toronto. 
 
 This Institution, which now affords accommodation for 150 
 boys, was opened in 1359 i: the training and maintenance of 
 destitute boys not convictea of crime. The Home is open to boys 
 from the age of five to fourteen years. After a boy has been a 
 year in the Home, he may be apprenticed to some responsible 
 persori until he attains the age of eighteen years, his wages, mean- 
 while, being remitted to the Directors to be held in trust. At 
 present the whole number thus apprenticed is sixty-seven. Since 
 the opening of the Home it has afforded a home to 1,500 boys. 
 
 Instruction.— In 1873 the plan of having the boys taught in the Institution 
 mstead of attending the city schools was adopted, and proved satisfactory. In 
 1877 the Board of Trustees of the city k.IiooIs appointed a teacher, and now 
 the Home is one of the regular city schools, under a female teacher, paid by the 
 Board. The subjects of instruction embrace those taught in the Third Book 
 of Lessons. The religious welfare of the beys is fully provided for. 
 
 Note.— Similar institutions have been established in other cities of the 
 Province. 
 
.,.T uniwirq AKO REFORMATORIES. 
 BENEVOLENT EDUCATIONAL HOMES A>D 
 
 95 
 
 2 The Girls' Home, Toronto. 
 
 This InstituUcn ^as^ e^^ isj^^ JJ ^£ JJ:^ U^^ 
 year 1857. In the year 1«60 its Jhue ^^^ ^^ 
 
 L the adnussion o girls up ^o th^^g« oj ^^^ ^-^.y Home is the 
 them for household work. 7}'\''T?u\^^ioyf&\ of careful atten- 
 
 e cue from vice of y«-"« S^'^^^rtLporalW ; ^^^ ^^^ ^"""" 
 tion to tV.eir religious, ^omU^^ 3, ti,e age of seven years. 
 
 of providing for the ^^fJ'^.Tve^Zls.i city teachers. 
 
 ^- rrs:::;:::::n.List. other citie. of ^ 
 
 3 The Orphans' Home, Toronto. 
 
 This Home, aesignod f or the^ -^^^-^,1^^^ 
 
 i nnte Lind, then. on a P-J-sio^^^^^ Xthe Boy.s and G rls 
 
 ,„ent of this institution »«J^^^^^ J^,„^ p^nd to the amount of 
 Homes. Subscribers *« ^^^",^^^^^^^ to the charity. 
 
 ft200 are entitled to nominate one orpi ^^^j uftcated teachers 
 
 ^' The female toacW of the schocJ--^.,^t\- on the list of c.ty 
 
 ,f U.e city 1-bUc Bchoo . t^^^^^^^^^^^^ Class. 
 
 KOTE.-AS the public ,eh;o;^^^^^ ^^tiStnd^rg:; 
 neglected children which ^^J'^^^J^TJ, been established, and 
 
 tre cared for in each institution. 
 
 Industrial School, Toronto. 
 
 The idea of estaUishing such ^^^^^^^^S^. T^T^n 
 itself in 1858, and the plan ^J« ^^^J^S Boards of cities towns 
 the School Act authorized Jj^*; ^^^.^ schools. An Industrial 
 and villages, to establish one or °^°^« '";;^^^^^ near the village of 
 
 SW fo"r Toronto %l^ ^''^y^^' On^^ ^-^r^' '""' 
 Mimico, seven miles from tue ci^} - n ^ two in addition. 
 
 Bchool within the meaning of this Act. 
 
96 
 
 EDUCATIONAL SV8TEM OF ONTARIO, 
 
 6. Industrial Refuge for Girls. 
 
 .^JrT,*'^^^^'"^""" *''"'°" Reformatory foe Female," was 
 established at Toronto, in 1879, an " I„d„,*ial Refu°e Xoirl » 
 
 —those under eighteen vears of Z« h.^ "tended. The younger women 
 
 ever, „or„i„, j„xi:- lrr.!',;:'a.'!°'Tir..^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 6. Ontario Reformatory for Boys. 
 
 About twenty years ago a Reformatory was established at 
 Penetanguishene, on th^ eastern shore of the Georgian Bav for 
 boy. convicted before any Court of Criminal JurXt^oHnde 
 the charge of a Warden and certain other officers In 1880 a 
 madT WithlfT' ""' in character of the establishmeit wa^ 
 •"npnol » I- ! •^'' recognition of its " reformatory " than of its 
 penal objects viz the custody and detention, with a view to 
 theirindustrial training and the moral reclamatioA of the boys ^on 
 fined therein, it was styled a "Reformatory for Bovs " and two or 
 more schoolmasters, holding first or second-clLs certificates were 
 appointed to it as public school teachers. ^^runcates, were 
 
 The last Report of the Superintendent states that "a good maioritv nr ih. 
 edrtr^iTaTnt/lf' "Z'T ^.-^ft? ^'^^ -dTrnlntrfTnVnglish 
 
 CONCLUSION. 
 
 3 600^wSn?nS''tf''^'*'"il"o*^" ^^^^^"''^ *r« estimated at 
 d.bOO, with 200,000 scholars, and 23,000 teachers. 
 
 Relying upon the various educational agencies of the Province 
 Ontario IS steadily pursuing a course of prVess-material moral 
 and intellectual The interest in Education il wide-spread thrZh 
 out the whole Province, and its people understand how much'of 
 their further progress, welfare and happiness depends upon the 
 continued efficiency and improvement of their edu?ationa7institu 
 tions, for which the fullest opportunities are afforded by the"r 
 system of local self-government, and free political instftutioL 
 
I III ■ ! W ll > 
 
 
 ■^