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■ CATALOGUE OF WORKS OF ART 
 
 IN THE 
 
 OWENS ART GALLERY, 
 
 OIL PAINTINGS. 
 
 \o. 
 
 TlTLK. 
 
 Artist. 
 
 1 
 
 Sunday Morning, 
 
 Fresh and (,'reeii with the Ixiaut.v of early summer lies 
 the smiUu),' !anil9ca|ie. Tlie "air is pure and clear, 
 sujjKt'stive of all sweet sounds and scents, and one 
 almost listens to catuli the low tones of the villajfers 
 as with praj er-hooks in hand and clothed in Sunday 
 attire they wend their way alonjf the quiet country 
 road. What if there he "a luiltin;,' step t There is 
 sweet coiniianionship and Sal)liath licnediction. 
 
 Smith-Hald, Paris. 
 
 2 
 
 A Political Discussion . . 
 
 A. Stanick, Munich. 
 
 3 
 
 Sunday . . 
 
 L. Welden Hawkins, Paris. 
 
 
 A younjf jfirl stands in the siiadow of a wood renilin); 
 I'ler iirayer-book, and ever and anon sayinn a pniyor 
 as she counts the heads of her rosary. Tlie air is 
 still and clear ; the little i-linrch in the distance seems 
 to invite her thither, and the deep shadow cast by 
 the wood upon her fafc adds an element of <piiet 
 jieace and restfulncss. 
 
 An " Exempt" in the I'aris Salon. 
 
 4 
 
 Still Life 
 
 H. Strobel, Munich. 
 
 1 leeeasud. 
 
 ') 
 
 ReturninjT Home, 
 
 Francois Millet, Paris. 
 
 
 K^hihited in I'aris Salon. 
 
 Son of the celebrated Jean Francois 
 Millet. 
 
 
 
 A Scene in Bavbizon, . . . . 
 
 L. Welden Hawkin.s, 
 
 7 
 
 On the Coast of Dentnavk, 
 
 Fritz Meyer, Denmaik. 
 
 8 
 
 A Shipyard in Zealand, 
 
 Henry Simpson, London. 
 
 An exhibitor in Koyal Academy. 
 
 n 
 
 Study of a Head, 
 
 J. H. (Jaliga, Boston. 
 
 10 
 
 View near Naples, 
 
 Tito Albani, Naples. 
 
 11 
 
 Sheep ( {razing, 
 
 L. Carr, New York. 
 
 12 
 
 Shepherdess, . . 
 
 VVyatt Eaton, New York. 
 
OIL PAINTINGS. 
 
 No. 
 
 TiTUC. 
 
 AUTIHT. 
 
 13 Midsummer Sunset 
 (Lake George), 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 IG 
 17 
 18 
 10 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 22 
 
 23 
 24 
 25 
 
 after a Shower 
 
 The Old Net, 
 
 The liirifc i)itt»ii'e in the I'lilace of the Luxemburg of 
 tlie " Old Net " was painted from tliis. 
 
 Linuinons, lieautiful evening. A lonur, low streak of 
 fading erimson where the sun went down. The fish- 
 erman's (laughter stands out in the gulden glow busy 
 with the net, wliieh is stretched U|«>n the weir and 
 the water laps quietly on the beach. 
 
 A Larije Familv, . . . * 
 
 Light and Shade, 
 
 Summer Morning, Coast of Cornwall, 
 
 Sunset in Normandy, . . 
 
 The Last Step, 
 
 This picture was painted in juxtaposition with Jean 
 Francois Millet's First Step. 
 
 An iiged peasant woman with faltering tread and lean- 
 ing heavily on a statf pursues her way through a 
 ^^raveyard". It is late in the afternoon, and the 
 shadows are lengthening toward the night. Right 
 in her pathway lies an ojien grave, the grave-digger 
 at his wnvk, but the mortuary chapel beyond tells of 
 the Christian's hoiie, and chanticleer, the " bird of 
 morn,' standing upon its threshold, seems waiting 
 to announce the moment when "the day breaks and 
 the shadows Hi^e away." 
 
 An Intruder, . . 
 
 lie o))ens the ottice door with a ilepreeating air. He is 
 an intruder ar.d he feels it, but there is pressure 
 \ipon him alid be liopes to turn an honjst penny by 
 the sale of his shrivelled fruit. World-beaten and 
 rough his exterior, but he lias a heart like your own. 
 
 A Turk's Head, 
 Time Passes, 
 
 This Picture was exhibited in the Paris Salon in 1884, 
 and illustrateil in Catalogue. 
 " Happy little Children at your |ilay. 
 Where the .sunlight grays the meadow grasses. 
 Laugh aloud and frolic while you may. 
 
 Time passcB. 
 Sing the song and chant the round-e-lay. 
 In a silver haze you SjKirt to-day. 
 Hut the glanio\n' on you will not stay. 
 
 Time passes ! 
 
 " Tliou too, Pilgrim, resting by the way. 
 Looking at the past through memory's ghifses, 
 To thy heart shall come a fairer May, 
 
 Time passes. 
 And thy life its burden ilown snail lav, 
 Nought of |iain or weariness shall stay, 
 And the rest, the rest shall be for aye. 
 
 Time passes ! 
 Life and light nnd blessedness for aye. 
 
 Time passes ! " .m. it h. 
 
 Watering, 
 
 News from Home, 
 The ( )ld Road, . . 
 
 Stephen Parrish, Phila. 
 Smith-Hald, Paris. 
 
 F. Miller, New York. 
 L. Welden Hawkins. 
 Smith-Hald, Paris. 
 Paul L. Pratt. 
 L. Welden Hawkins. 
 
 Fred'k Juengling, N. Y. 
 
 Blair Bruce, Hamilton,(.)nt. 
 
 An oxhiliitor in the Koyal Academ\ 
 and Paris Sa".on. 
 
 Theo. Robinson, Paris. 
 L. Welden Hawkins. 
 E. Froloff, Munich. 
 
OIL PAINTINCJS. 
 
 a. 
 
 Y. 
 
 ,()nt. 
 
 3. 
 
 No. 
 
 TiTLK. 
 
 
 AKTI8T. 
 
 2G 
 
 The Picnic, 
 
 • • • • 
 
 Kurella. 
 
 27 
 
 The Departure, 
 
 • . 
 
 L. Weklen Hawkins. 
 
 
 The Wdiiian with her little ImiuUe is iilxiut to ilei>art. 
 Tlie win in;; wheat in all thejfUir.v of its sunny »hecii 
 seen)s to stand and listen while the man dierhajis 
 her father) speaks words of cheer and admonition, 
 and over her howed head seems to hroathe a blessinj,'. 
 
 
 28 
 
 Near Dieppe, . . 
 
 • • • • 
 
 Zimore, Brussels. 
 
 21) 
 
 A Scene in Brittany, . . 
 
 ■ • • • 
 
 A. Montfort. 
 
 30 
 
 A Study : Head of a Floren 
 
 tine Pea.sant, 
 
 Wyatt Eaton, New York. 
 
 31 
 
 Still Life, 
 
 . . 
 
 A. W. Aber. 
 
 32 
 
 Cattle Leinrij Driven Homo before a 
 Cominpr Storm, 
 
 Francois Millet, Paris. 
 
 
 Exhibited in I'aris Salon. 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 On the Coast of Brittany, 
 
 • • • • 
 
 A. Montfort. 
 
 34 
 
 A Corner in Barbizon, 
 
 • • • • 
 
 L. Weklen Hawkins. 
 
 35 
 
 A Study : Head of a Florentine Girl, 
 
 Wyatt P^aton, New York. 
 
 3() 
 
 Beach at Scheveningen, 
 
 .. 
 
 Henry Simpson, London. 
 
 
 Exhil)ite<l in the Royal Academy 
 trated in eataUigvie. 
 
 in 1884, and illiis- 
 
 
 37 
 
 A Scene in Switzerland, 
 
 • * • • 
 
 F. Banclc. 
 
 38 
 
 A Poacher, 
 
 • • • • 
 
 Theodore Robinson. 
 
 3D 
 
 Hide and Seek, . . 
 
 . • 
 
 L. Welden Hawkins. 
 
 40 
 
 Still Life, 
 
 • • • • 
 
 A. W. Aber. 
 
 41 
 
 The Young Skipper, . . 
 
 . . 
 
 Werthermere, Munich. 
 
 42 
 
 Marketing in Florence, 
 
 • • * • 
 
 G. Lessi, Florence. 
 
 43 
 
 Summer Scene near Paris, 
 
 . . 
 
 Baudouin, Paiis. 
 
 44 
 
 At Work, 
 
 • • • • 
 
 J. Lewis Webb, New York. 
 
 45 
 
 Watching, 
 
 • • • • 
 
 D. Riglio, Munich. 
 
 40 
 
 Sheep, . . 
 
 • • • • 
 
 Beryer Eck. 
 
 47 
 
 Landscape and Figures, 
 
 • • • • 
 
 D. Teniers, Jr. 
 
 
 This I'lcture hiis Iwen snlimitted to ex 
 able t^i Huy whether it is an ori)(iiiul 
 copy, u( ail unelvlit dale. 
 
 IHirtg. who are un- 
 or a very exi^illent 
 
 Horn at Antwerp, IKIO-KIOI. 
 
 48 
 
 Doge's Palace, Venice, .». 
 
 • • • • 
 
 Barlo Bianci, Venice. 
 
OIL PAINTINGS. 
 
 TiTLK. 
 
 Artist. 
 
 49 
 50 
 
 52 
 5:3 
 54 
 55 
 
 50 
 57 
 
 58 
 5!) 
 
 no 
 
 01 
 
 (J2 
 
 After Vandj'ke's celebrated Portrait of 
 the Unknown Gentleman in the 
 National Gallery, London, 
 
 After Leonardo DaVinci's famous Ma 
 donna, in the Louvre, 
 
 After Raphael's Portrait of a Gentle 
 man in the Louvre, 
 
 Hospital, Venice, 
 
 Cattle, . . 
 
 Autumn in the Catskills, 
 
 Romeo and Juliet — Parting Scene, 
 
 Tlio I'aiiiter lias treated tlie subject witli smiie lie^ree 
 iif license. The partiiif,' of the liixers is here repre- 
 sented iis tiikinj; place in a garden, Imt the Hpirit of 
 the scene is well preserved. 'I'lie tears in the eyes 
 of .Juliet and the pallor of her cheek '^'i\e emphasis 
 t) the words : 
 
 " Mj love ! my lord ! I'l.v friend ! 
 1 must hear from thee every day i' the hour, 
 Kor in a minute there are many days : 
 <» I hy this count I shall he much in years, 
 Kre I ajjMin behold my Uomeo. 
 
 ItOlll. 
 
 Jill. 
 Jlotii. 
 
 0, think'st thou we shall evei' meet a),'ain ." 
 
 Her lover tries to reassu''e her, thou^di his own heart 
 echoes her fear. 
 
 ' 1 douht it not, and all these woes shall serve 
 Kor sweet discourses in our time to come. ' 
 
 ' <) (iod 1 I have an ill -divininsf soul : 
 Metliinks 1 see thee now .... 
 As onedeittl in the liottoni of a tomli : 
 Either my eyesij,'ht fails or thou look'st pale." 
 
 ' And trust me, love, in mine eyes so do you, 
 Dry sorrow drinks our blood, .\dieu 1 adieu 1" 
 
 View in the Delaware Valley, 
 A Scene in Venice, 
 
 A Rainy Day, . . 
 
 Venetian View^ 
 
 Ro.sainond (A Study), . . 
 
 Mother and Child, 
 
 Sea Rover.s of the 14th Century, 
 
 Cassabianci, Venice, 
 Beryer Eck. 
 
 T. B. Craig, Philadelphia. 
 Ricardi; Rome. 
 
 J. R. Johnston. 
 
 J. Hammond, St. John, N. B. 
 
 An Kxhihitor in the Royal Academy 
 and in the Paris Salon." 
 
 Chiide Hassam, Boston. 
 John Hammond, St. John. 
 J. H. Caliga, lioston. 
 L. Vogel, Munich. 
 Jas. G. Taylor, Now Yoik. 
 
WATER COLORS, &C. 
 
 Iphia. 
 
 n.N.B. 
 
 Acadi'iny 
 
 iton. 
 John. 
 
 I. 
 
 Yoik. 
 
 No. 
 
 TiTLK. 
 
 
 Artist. 
 
 75 
 
 Crayon Portrait of the late John Owens, 
 
 FouuUer of this Institution. 
 
 
 fl ♦-' 
 
 ' 
 
 7G 
 
 The Mandolin Plaver, . . 
 
 
 Sir John Gilbert. 
 
 77 
 
 Mary going to the Tomb, 
 
 
 John Rogers Herbert, R. A. 
 
 Born 1810. 
 
 78 
 
 On the Grand Canal, Venice, . . 
 
 
 James Holland. 
 
 Born 1800-1870. 
 
 70 
 
 Portiait of a Lady, 
 
 
 Richard Corbould. 
 
 Born 1757-1800. 
 
 80 
 
 A Tiandscape, . . 
 
 
 Richard Wilson, R. A. 
 
 Horn 1714-1783. 
 
 81 
 
 View near Ipswich, . . 
 
 
 H. Jutsum. 
 
 Born 1810-1809. 
 
 82 
 
 A Barn Yard, 
 
 
 W, Cook, England. 
 
 83 
 
 English Castle, Cornish Coast, 
 
 
 T. Moran. 
 
 84 
 
 A Cattle Study 
 
 
 George Holland. 
 
 Born 1700-1804. ^ 
 
 85 
 
 The Dean's Cloister, Windsor, 
 
 
 R. Dudley. 
 
 
 The Kiii^lits of tho Uarter pnicei'ding fnun tliu Huan- 
 t'l-y to their Stalls in St. (Jeorffe's Chapel, Wintisi.r, 
 .March 10th, ls(i,l, containinf! imnraits of Sir Charles 
 Voun^', (.arter-liini;-ut-.\rnis, wearing a crimson 
 satin mantle, uuil carrjinK- his Sceptre ; Lord I'ulm- 
 erston, the Eivrl of iJerhy, etc. etc. 
 
 
 80 
 
 A Crayon Head of an Old Woman, . . 
 
 Jean Fiancois Millet. 
 
 
 
 
 Born 1814-187.'i. 
 
 87 
 
 The Three Graces, 
 
 
 August Bouvier, Paris, 
 
 88 
 
 Returning Home, 
 
 
 H. Melville, England. 
 
 89 
 
 View in Devonshire, . . 
 
 
 James Baker Pyne. 
 
 Born 1800-1870. 
 
 J)0 
 
 A Country Scene, 
 
 
 E. L. Davis, England. 
 
 91 
 
 View in the Higl) lands. 
 
 
 A. Barland, Eufjland. 
 
WATER COLORS. 
 
 \o. 
 
 TlTLB. 
 
 Artist. 
 
 92 Going to AVater, 
 
 93 The Rainbow, . . 
 
 94 In the Highlands, 
 
 95 A Gusty Day, . . 
 
 96 A Promenade, . . . ; 
 
 97 Dreams of Conquest, . . 
 
 98 A View in Wales, 
 
 99 Resting (dite 1847), . . 
 
 100 Spanish Cavalier, 
 
 101 Ducks, 
 
 102 View in Sussex, England, 
 
 103 OffNairagansett, 
 
 104 Landscape, 
 
 105 Tired and Wearv, 
 
 106 The Sheep-fold, 
 
 107 Old Mill Near the Hague, 
 
 108 A Cavalier on Guard, . . 
 
 109 A Lycian Boy, 
 
 110 Oft' Hastings, . . 
 
 111 View in Essex, England, 
 
 112 Off Nahant 
 
 113 The Ferry 
 
 114 Off Newport, . . 
 
 115 Betwys' Coad, North Wales, 
 
 116 Hudson Highlands, 
 
 117 A Coast Scene, 
 
 H. S. Melville, England. 
 P. DeW^int. 
 
 Born 1784-1340. 
 
 Rosa Muller, England. 
 Thomas Girtin. 
 
 Bom 1773-1802. 
 
 Mardi. 
 
 N. Polydori. 
 
 Jas. B. Pyne. 
 
 Born lbOO-lS7(). ' 
 
 Thomas Uwins, R. A. 
 
 Born 17S2-1S57. 
 
 M. Garcia. 
 
 John Fred'k Herring. 
 
 Born 1795-1805. 
 
 H. Vernon, England. 
 
 E. D. Lewis, Philadelphia. 
 
 L. R. O'Brien, P. R. C. A. 
 
 Toronto, Ontario. 
 P. F. Poole, R. A. 
 
 Burn lS0(i-lS7!). 
 
 Brissot, Paris. 
 
 Von Hoppe, Holland. 
 
 Polydori. 
 
 W. Muller. 
 
 Geo. Chambers. 
 
 Born 1803-1840. 
 
 H. Vernon. 
 
 E. D. Lewis. 
 
 H. E. 
 
 E. D. Lewis. 
 
 B. F. Davis, England. 
 
 E. D. Lewis. 
 
 F. M.Bell-Smith, A. R.C.A. 
 
 London, Ontario. 
 
WATER COLORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 TiTLK. 
 
 Ai'.risT. 
 
 and. 
 
 kd. 
 
 V. 
 
 ilphia. 
 C.A. 
 
 1. 
 
 118 
 119 
 120 
 121 
 122 
 123 
 
 Oflf Portsmouth, 
 
 Flower Girls, . . 
 Summer in Sweden, . . 
 A Scene in Willousxlibv Lake, 
 Old Cottage near Wansworth, 
 Near Leamington, 
 
 124 Early Spring, 
 
 ..C.A. 
 
 125 
 
 12G 
 127 
 128 
 129 
 130 
 1.31 
 1.32 
 
 133 
 1.34 i 
 13.5 j 
 1.3G j 
 
 1.37 
 1.38 
 1.39 
 140 
 
 141 
 142 
 143 
 
 A Dover Boatman, 
 
 The Vestal, 
 Crossing the Brook, 
 Landscape and Cattle, . . 
 Lake Willoughby, 
 A Nook on the Hudson, 
 A Landscape Study, . . 
 Near Bristol, England, 
 
 Keturning from the Field, 
 
 Spinning, 
 
 On the Welsh Coast, . . 
 
 Original Sketch, " Christ Ho 
 Sick, 
 
 Twilight on the Suscjuehanna 
 
 Resting, 
 
 Over the Style, 
 
 Pen and Ink Study, . . 
 
 View in Derbyshire, . . 
 Old Lane in Surrey, England 
 On the (Connecticut. . . 
 
 al 
 
 ing the 
 
 Geo. Chambers. 
 
 Born liO:5-lS40. • 
 
 Walter Goodall. 
 
 A. Andersen. 
 
 E. D. Lewis. 
 
 T. Walters, England. 
 
 Thos. Baker, Leamington. 
 
 Born 1809-1803. 
 
 H. C. Fox. 
 
 All exhibitnr in the Unyal Aciuleniy. 
 
 J. Drummond. 
 
 Born 1S10-1S47. 
 
 J. Carlandi. 
 
 H. C. Melville. 
 
 T. Sydney Cooper, R. A. 
 
 E. D. Lewis. 
 
 J. H. McCord. 
 
 R, Reneagle, R. A. 
 
 J. B, Pyne. 
 
 Born ISOO-lSrO. 
 
 H. C. Melville. 
 
 M. Van de Velde. 
 
 W. Williams England. 
 
 Benjamin West, P. R. A. 
 
 Born 173S-1S-20. 
 
 E. D. Lewis. 
 Minardi. 
 
 F. Goodall, R. A. 
 Wm. Mulready, R. A. 
 
 Bom 17S(;-1S'J3. 
 
 W. J. Thors, England. 
 Charles Mathews. 
 E. D. Lewis. 
 
WATER COLORS. 
 
 Vo. 
 
 Title. 
 
 Artist. 
 
 144 
 
 Opening of the Foundling Asylum, 
 
 London, (imintud in lsl2.) . . 
 
 E. Dayes. 
 
 Born 1703. 
 
 145 
 
 The Charge, 
 
 Miss Elizal)eth Thompson. 
 
 14G 
 
 Landscape in Kent, England,. . 
 
 H. Vernon. 
 
 147 
 
 On the Moselle, 
 
 Von Hoppe. 
 
 14S 
 
 Spanish Musician, 
 
 Spinetti. 
 
 149 
 
 Scene frcm Conius, 
 
 R. Westall, R. A. 
 
 Born lTC.5-lS3(i. 
 
 150 
 
 Coast and Figures, 
 
 W. Collins, R. A. 
 
 Horn 1788-1847. 
 
 151 
 
 Fruit, 
 
 Wm. Henry Hunt. 
 
 Born 17!)0-18(i4. 
 
 152 
 
 Mountain Stream, Westmorland, 
 
 F. Davis, England. 
 
 153 
 
 Autumn Scene, Fairmount Park, Phil.a., 
 
 (With tho Centennial lluililinj,'8 in tlio distance.) 
 
 E. I). Lewis. 
 
 154 
 
 Rebecca at the Well, . . 
 
 J. R. Herbert, R. A. 
 
 155 1 
 
 i 
 
 View near Dedliam, England, 
 
 W. H. Lee, England. 
 
 15G 
 
 A Royal Visitor to the Borghese Palace, 
 Rome, in the last century. 
 
 E. Finelli, Rome. 
 
 157 A Roman Peasant, 
 
 158 Scene from " The Tempest," . 
 
 139 ; La Pieta, 
 
 IGO , Scene from the iliail, . . 
 
 IGl Classical Composition,. . 
 
 IG2 Fisherman's Dau'diter, 
 
 IG.n Ort" Newport 
 
 1(14 View in North Wales,.. 
 
 IG5 Retui-n of the Flock, . . 
 
 100 I Jjandscnpc, . . . . , 
 
 107 ; Leap Frog, . . ,, , 
 
 Minardi. 
 
 George Cattermole. 
 
 Born ISOO-lSOSi. 
 
 Ary Schetier, 
 
 Born 17!).'i--18,'.8. 
 
 Joshua (/ristall, 
 
 Born i7iiii -1>47. 
 
 Wm. Etty. R. A. 
 
 Born 178,--1MI». 
 
 H. Catridge. 
 
 E. I). Lewis. 
 
 J. Hughes, England. 
 
 Anton Mauve, Holland. 
 
 H. W. Ilangei', New York. 
 
 A. Caudidi, Rome. 
 
WATER COLORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Title. 
 
 Artist. 
 
 1(58 I The Bird'8 Nest, 
 
 109 i Mending, 
 
 170 I A Cavalier of the King'.s Guard, 
 j 
 
 171 I Roses and Peonies, 
 
 172 i A Study, 
 
 173 Cattle on the Roman Canipagna, 
 
 174 I Environs of Venice, . . 
 
 175 i A Family Group, 
 
 17G : View near Windermere, 
 
 i 
 
 177 I View in the Tyrol, 
 
 17y Near Versailles. 
 
 171) Arab and his Horse, . . 
 
 I 
 
 180 ! Versailles, 18th Century, 
 
 181 Found 
 
 182 Golden Autunni, 
 
 183 I Landscape, 
 
 1^"** Old (.bttage, . , 
 
 18" ' Old Mill at Harlish, 
 
 I 
 
 186 A Street View in Anisterdain, 
 
 « 
 
 • fl 
 
 187 At the Hague, 
 
 188 I View in llampstead, 
 
 189 Near Epping, . , 
 
 • • « • 
 
 I. VVelden Hawkins. 
 
 T. Welden Hawkins. 
 
 Riva, Rome. 
 
 M. Cabot, Rome. 
 
 John Hammond. 
 
 G. Gabani, Rome. 
 
 Alorda. 
 
 Sir Josh. Reynolds, P.R. A. 
 
 Horn 1723--1-U2. 
 
 Copley Fielding, 
 
 Born 1787--18.'>5. 
 
 James D. Haiding. 
 
 Horn 17ns-lS(i.'). 
 
 Frederick Nash. 
 
 Born 178'2--1S'>(J. 
 
 Horace Vernet. 
 
 Born 1781)"1803. 
 
 Joseph Claude Vernet. 
 
 Hoju 1714--17S!). 
 
 Sir Edwin Landseer, R. A, 
 
 Horn 1802-1873. 
 
 F. L. T. Francis. 
 
 Horn 1782--18:». 
 
 P. J. DeLoutherburg. R. A. 
 
 Horn 1740 ■1812. 
 
 P. Nasmyth. 
 
 Born 1787-1831. 
 
 J. C. Ibbetson. 
 
 Born 17f>l> -1817. 
 
 Jan Vander Heydeii. 
 
 Horn 1(137 -Kl-J. 
 
 and Adrian VandeveMe. 
 
 Born Iia7"l(l72. 
 
 Joshua Cristall. 
 
 Born 17110-184". 
 
 Samuel Bndt»n. 
 
 Hum WIl-lSSl. 
 
lO 
 
 No. 
 
 190 
 
 lai 
 
 192 
 198 
 
 19-t 
 195 
 19G 
 
 107 
 198 
 
 WATER COl.ORS. 
 
 Title. 
 
 At Dedham, 
 
 Evening on the Wye, . 
 
 Flower Compcsition, . 
 do. do. 
 
 Near Norwich, 
 
 On the River Avon, . 
 
 Mew in Surrey, 
 
 Coming into Port, 
 
 Arcadia, 
 
 
 A RTIST. 
 
 
 John Constable, R A. 
 
 
 Born 1770--1S37. 
 
 • • 
 
 John Varley. 
 
 
 norii 1778--1S42. 
 
 \ 
 
 Mary Moser, R. A. 
 
 1 
 
 Horn 1744--1819. 
 
 . • • . 
 
 John Crotne. 
 
 
 Born 1707--1S21. 
 
 • . • • 
 
 Francis Nicholson. 
 
 
 Bom 1773--1844. 
 
 • • 
 
 P. DeWint. 
 
 
 Born 1784--1840. 
 
 • • 
 
 Claik.son Stanfield, R. A. 
 
 
 Born 17!l4--lS(i7. 
 
 • • ■ • 
 
 Paul Falconer Poole, R. A. 
 
 
 liiini lso<l--187!t. 
 
 I 
 
BLACK AND WHITE. 
 
 I I 
 
 BLACK AND WHITE. 
 
 No. 
 
 200. 
 
 201. 
 202. 
 203. 
 204. 
 20"). 
 20G. 
 
 207. 
 208. 
 200. 
 210. 
 211. 
 212. 
 2i:J. 
 211-. 
 21"). 
 21(5. 
 
 217. 
 
 2 IS. 
 
 2r.». 
 
 220. 
 
 ETCHINGS. 
 
 Harvest Moon, after Geo. Mason, A. R. A. 
 
 Etched by R. W. Macl>eth, A. R. A. 
 
 A Winter Scene in Windsor, N. S., Stephen Parrish, Philadelphia. 
 
 An Old Canadian Inn-yard, . . Stephen Parrish, Philadelphia. 
 
 Evening in Gloucester, 
 
 Moorland, 
 
 Marblehead, 
 
 The Old Againemnoii, 
 
 Stephen Parrish, Philadelphia. 
 
 Stephen Parrish, Philadelphia. 
 
 Stephen Parrish, Philadelphia. 
 
 Seymour Haden. 
 
 liiini ill LiiikKiii 18113. 
 
 Old Spanish Garden, St. Augustine, Stephen Parrish, Philadelphia. 
 
 Old Cathedral fLausanne), 
 
 Low Tide, Bay of Fundy, 
 
 Portrait of Thomas Haden, 
 
 Landscape, after Daubigny, 
 
 Windmill, 
 
 Dutch Landscape, 
 
 . . Alex. Forel. 
 
 Stephen Parrish, Philadelphia. 
 
 Seymour Haden. 
 
 Etched by Maxime Lalanne. 
 
 Charles Storm Vai\ ( Jravesand. 
 
 (.'harles Stoiiu Van Gravesand. 
 
 L'Angelus, after Jean Francois Millet, Etched by C. Waltner. 
 Market Day in St. Augustine, Stephen Parrish, Philadelphia. 
 Solitude, A. Appiaii. 
 
 Iturii ill Miliiii isl'i IMli;. Willi 8u\cnil Muiluls ilt I'aris, and tlic tirftiiil I'ri/.e in tlic .\cii(k'ni.v nf Milan. 
 
 The Reprimand, after E. Johnston, Walter Shirlaw, New York. 
 
 Grand Canal, A'enice, F. Duveneck. 
 
 I am Flo, Whistler. 
 
 Ihirial of Sir David Wilkie, after Turner, 
 
 Etched by E. P)iunet Debaines. 
 
 sir Diiviil Wilkii! w;n li.ni in Rfc^liiri', 17S& ; illod on ii vussel oil lilliniltar In IMl, iiiul wuh Imriod 
 at Sim. 
 
 22 L Low Tid.', St. John, 
 
 John Haunuond. 
 
12 
 
 FAC-SIMILE REPRODUCTIONS. 
 
 FAC-SIMILE REPRCDUCTIONS, 
 
 (From Drawing's by Old Masters.) 
 
 No. 
 
 230. 
 
 231. 
 
 232. 
 233. 
 
 234. 
 235. 
 23G. 
 
 237. 
 
 230. 
 240. 
 241. 
 
 242. 
 
 243. 
 
 244. 
 24.-). 
 24(;. 
 247. 
 
 248. 
 24!l. 
 2:)0. 
 
 2.-1. 
 
 Michael Angelo Buonarroti, . . 
 
 liori), Fldi-eiux', 1174-1,')G4. 
 
 Rapliael Sanzio, 
 
 Horn at l"i-l)iii(i, Italy, 14Sft-l.')20. 
 
 Rapliael, 
 
 Andrea del Sarto 
 
 liiirii at Fldronce, UiS-insi. 
 
 Raphael. 
 
 Corrcgio (Antonio Allegi'i), . . 
 Titian, 
 
 lioniatCuiuliire, near Venice, UTTLSTU. 
 
 Leonardo da Vinci, 
 
 Koni at VenicT, Italy. 14,">2-l,")ia 
 
 Vanucci, 
 
 liurn in Italy. 
 
 Raphael, 
 
 Michael Anijelo, 
 
 Van Dyke (Antonius), 
 
 lloiii at Aiitweip, li-)l)0-lC)41. 
 
 Corregio, 
 
 Diner ^Albert), 
 
 Horn at NuroniburH-, 1471-ir>28. 
 
 Leonardo da Vinci, 
 Rapliael, 
 
 IW'J'fiel, 
 
 Lorenzo de Credi 
 
 Horn at Itonii', U.Mi-lWlT. 
 
 Andrea del Sartu 
 
 Lorenzo do Credi, 
 Rubens (Peter Paul), .. 
 
 Horn ateoloifhu, i:i;,s.l(i04. 
 
 Ouercino ((liuvnnni Francesco), 
 
 Horn ul Cento, Italy, l.Mil KJiKI. 
 
 Ok|OIN.\I, IX TIIK 
 
 Louvre. 
 
 Vienna Museum- 
 
 Oxford Museum. 
 Lonvre 
 
 Oxford Museum. 
 Louvre. 
 Louvre. 
 
 Vienna Mu.seum. 
 
 Louvre. 
 
 Oxford Museum. 
 
 Oxford Museum. 
 
 Louvre. 
 
 Louvre. 
 Vienna Mu.seum. 
 
 Louvre. 
 Oxford Museum. 
 Vienna Museuu). 
 
 Louvre. 
 
 Louvre. 
 Louvre. 
 Jjouvre. 
 
 *♦ Louvre. 
 
 I 
 

 No. 
 
 FAC-SIMILE REPRODUcrnONS. 13 
 
 
 
 OrIOIN.^I, is TIIK 
 
 
 2.->2. 
 
 Andrea del Sarto, . . . . . . . . . , Louvre. 
 
 
 
 253. 
 
 Rembrandt (Van Ryn), Louvre. 
 
 Horn lit Loyiloii, l(iO(jl(J74. 
 
 
 TIIK 
 
 2.54. 
 
 Raphael Louvre. 
 
 ♦ 
 
 IV re. 
 
 255. 
 
 Leonardo da Vinci, . . . . . . . , . . Louvre. 
 
 
 
 25G. 
 
 Haas Holbein, Louvre. 
 
 
 3uin- 
 
 
 Boni at .Vii^jshiiru-, 14iW-ir.4:!. 
 
 
 
 257. 
 
 I^aphael Louvre. 
 
 
 ^ani. 
 
 258. 
 
 r^^be"'^, Vienna Museum. 
 
 
 nvre 
 
 259. 
 
 Albeit Duror, Vienna Museum. 
 
 
 
 2G0. 
 
 I^»i^ens, Louvre. 
 
 
 3uin. 
 
 
 
 
 ivie. 
 
 
 
 FAC-SIMILE REPRODUCTIONS OF REMBRANDT ETCHINGS. 
 
 
 IV re. 
 
 2G1. 
 
 The Cook's Fire. 
 
 
 Hini, 
 
 2G2. 
 
 The Shepherd and His Family. 
 
 
 
 2G3. 
 
 A Man's Head. 
 
 
 vre. 
 
 2G4. 
 
 Raising of Lazarus. 
 
 
 
 2G5. 
 
 Three Female Heads, one Asleep. 
 
 
 urn. 
 
 2GG. 
 
 Ecce-Homo. 
 
 
 urn. [ 
 
 2G7. 
 
 Portrait of Jacob (!ats. 
 
 
 vre. 
 
 
 
 
 vre. 
 
 REPRODUCTIONS OF CELEBRATED PICTURES. 
 
 2G8. 
 
 ^«wing Jean Francois Millet. 
 
 
 urn. 
 
 \ 
 
 2G9. 
 
 r'ortrait, Jean Baptiste Greuze. 
 
 Uniii ill France, 17'.'D-180r.. 
 
 
 vro. 
 
 270. 
 
 Feeding (thickens, Jyan Francois Millet. 
 
 
 utn. 
 
 271. 
 
 i^pii^i'iJ,' Jean Francois Millet. 
 
 
 uin, 
 
 272. 
 
 Madonna and Child Botticelli (Allesandro FiUippi). 
 
 Ilnni In Kliireiau, 14771510. 
 
 
 vre. 
 
 273. 
 
 >^owm', Joftii Francois Millet. 
 
 
 "i 
 
 274. 
 
 Age of Innocence, . . . . Sir Joshua lloynold.s, P. R. A. 
 
 
 vre. 
 
 
 Il.ini 1723-171)2; llrst I'regiacnl of tliu Itoyal .Ai'a.l.niy. 
 
 
 vre. 
 
 275. 
 
 Returning from the Field, . , . . Jean Fiancois Millet. 
 
 
 vro. 
 
 27G. 
 
 Rembrandt's Mother, . . . . . . . , Rembrandt. 
 
 
 
 277. 
 
 Dresden Madomui Raphael. 
 
 
 vre. 
 
 ■ 
 
 27s. 
 
 Portrait (if A.-ixn Francois Millet, by liim.self. 
 
 
I'T 
 
 14 
 
 STATUARY. 
 
 STATUARY IN THE GALLERY 
 
 1. Venus do Milo, 
 
 Marble in the Louvre, 
 
 The oiifiiniil <if this uiist was discovered 1820 hi the Island of Milo, the ancient Melns, In- ai)easa.Mt, \vh<i while 
 di"irinjj; near some st'pnloln'iil f^ri ittoes, the earth suddenly ^'ave way, and this Venus was found in a eave witli 
 u Mercury and some pedestals. .Some critics think it is not a Venus, hut the \Vin;;'less Victory that once stood 
 in the Temple of Nike-Aptenw, Athens, and sent to Melos at the time of a threatened invasion. 
 
 2. Diana de Gabia, . . . . . . . . Marble in the Louvre. 
 
 This Statue takes its name from the place where it was found in 1792. This is perhaps the most heautiful 
 draped Statue known. In jioint of maidenly ^^race, purity of expression, and the exquisite lines of drapery, it 
 has no ecpial. 
 
 :]. Diana Huntress, . . . . . . . . Marble in the Louvre. 
 
 The ji^odcless is represented as snatching,' from Hercules the niiracidous deer with i,'olden horns and hrazen 
 feet whicli he had chascil for a year. It is of the same style of art with the Apoll') liclviderc, of which it is 
 properly the mate, and is considered to have hcen executed in the tirst Christian century. 
 
 CASTS 
 
 Among the Plaster Alodels in the School Rooms, are the following : 
 
 1. The Fighting Hero or Gladiator. A reduction from the Marble in the 
 
 Louvre. 
 
 This most spirited of all statui's ((i^ feet from head to fool) ancient or modern, was found on the coast 
 near .Antium x cry near the spot « here, a century earlier, the Apolln Belvedere was found. The stem 
 support in;;' it is iii'scr.hcd in (ircck letters, " Abasias, son of Knsithcns, the Kphcsian. made it," ami there- 
 fore it is a specimen of ({reek sculpture of the Fourth Kpocli, that ended with the lloman conipicst. 
 Critics differ as tcj the character it is supposed to represent, hut the world agrees in the perfection of its 
 bold, cncru'ctic style, the nervuns tensinn of the wh.ile hody, the comhineil readiness for attack and 
 and defence, and the linn and dellant liroH. 
 
 2. Antinous. A reduction from the Marble in thi; Capitol at Rome. 
 
 Antinous was a hand.somc youth, heloved liy the Empcmr Hadrian, lo whom he was so nnicli 
 nttaclied that he drowned himseil in the Nile tosa\e his imperial master from the dcatli foretold to hnn, 
 uidess saved hy such a sacrillcc. Hadrian innnortalized his favorite liy raising temples auil statues to 
 his memory. He is (renerally represented with a pensive ileelination of his head, as thou;;li in sad fore- 
 liodin^f of Ids early doom. This statue is considere<l a perfect endiodimcnt of youm;, j;raceful maniii>od. 
 
 3. 4 and .'). Laocoon. (Busts of Father and Sons). Marble in the Vatican. 
 
 This mie^uillccnt marble j;rotip, now in the N'atiean, Itome, belon^'s to the Ko\nth Kpoch of (Jreek 
 sculpture It was executed b.\ three si-ulptors .\uesandru9, Atlicodiprus, and I'olulorus. Itwasfound 
 In Home in l:">nil, anil the I'opc ordered a public festival In honor of its discovery. According to I'iinx, 
 it once stooil in the palate of Titns. I.aocoon was a priest of Apollu, and the yoil hciut; iilfcnded, sent 
 two serpents that killeil him and his two son* at the altar, while ofTerinj; sacrifice to Neptune. The 
 composition and the execution are masterly, and worthy of luliniration, as depictiu); the one moment of 
 utmost sntfcrlni,' and horror petrified with fearful truth. 
 
 C, Venus de Medici. A reduction from the Marble in the Tribunal of 
 the IJrii/.i, Florence. 
 
 The original was found in the l.Mh century imd carried to Venice durin»{ the reitfii of CoRmos de 
 Mcdicis, hence its name. It was executeil b,\ Cleomeues, of Athens, at a iieriod when tireck An was 
 rapidly declininif. Thouijh it has been characterized as the statue that encliants the world, there is no 
 jaiuou'a vvoi'K of sculptuic that lias livrii liiofe the subject of dlverHc cflticisiii. 
 
PLASTER MODELS. 
 
 15 
 
 7. Bust of Caracalla. Mavble in the Louvre. 
 
 Eniiieror of lidiiiu, and, uflcr a wicUuil leigu of six years, was assassinated A. I). 217, His ill-favored 
 features declare his elianietcr. He carried his l)ead on oiie side in imitation of Alexander the Great. 
 
 8. St. Cecelia. (A Ba.s Relief.) 
 
 bv Donatella. 
 
 Marble, in the .Soutli Kcnsii\i;ton .Museum. Born 138(i--14()S. 
 
 In this exi;jilent ))roHIe he;id the master of masters in the treatment of relief repeat:i his supreni-icv. 
 (»f all Donatello's works this is thoujfht to he the best k'lown and the most popular, the refined, pure 
 outline of tlie features, the graceful bend of the head, the classic eleijance of coifture, the modest loveliness 
 of the faco, are excellencies which conniumd ;{euera) admiration, while the subtle ^'adation of planes froiu 
 the lowest to the hia-hei jiortion of the relief, and the delicate manipulation of the whole surface, deliuhts 
 the technical connoisseur. 
 
 !>. Head of St. Geoige. (A Bas Relief). 
 
 The marble statue of iSt. (Jeorffc, by lionatello (born 138(i-14(i8), clad in armour, with cross-emblazoned 
 shield, stauils in an external niche of ^ian .Michelle, Klorer.ce, and is considered a masteriiieceof kni^htlv 
 jfrace and ili},'nity. " 
 
 10. A Ycung Girl of the l.jth Century, (Marble in .) by DunaMlo. 
 
 11. Bust of Homer. (Marble in the Louvre). 
 
 Found in Kome, built ina«arden wall, near .Santa Maria -Majj^fiore. The head is encircled with a fillet, 
 This most beautiful of the heads of Homer was broken hv the masons and east umony rubbish as worthlcssi 
 where it was found and purchased b\ an anticpiariaii. The wrinklimf of the skhi about the eves indicate.* 
 blindness. All busts of Homer are ideal. 
 
 12. 
 13 
 
 l.'). 
 
 IG. 
 17. 
 18. 
 11). 
 20. 
 21. 
 22. 
 23. 
 24. 
 25. 
 2(1. 
 27. 
 2S. 
 29. 
 
 Bust of Antinous. (Marble in the Louvre), 
 and 14. Bas Reliefs. 
 
 From the superb column of Tr.ijan, 1. le of the finest and best preserved monuments of ancient Kome. 
 
 Bust. A Young Soldier, .. .. hy Antonio del Pollajulo, 
 
 (.Marble in Museum, Florence.) 
 
 Bust. Bennivienne. (Monk). Marble in the Louvre. 
 
 Bust. The Unknown Woman. (Marbic in the Louvrei by Donatella. 
 
 Bu.st. A Young Girl of IGth Century. (.Marbic in ) by Donatella. 
 
 Bust. iVIusc. (Marble in Briti.sh Museum). 
 
 Bu'it. Young Girl. (Marble in .) . . . . by Raphael. 
 
 Mask. Ariadna. 
 
 Mask. Fighting Gladiator. 
 
 Bust. Henry 1\'., of France. 
 
 Bust. St. John. 
 
 Bust. Minerva. (Antique). 
 
 Bust, Brutus. 
 
 Bu.st. A Young Child. (Marble in )... .. hy Donatella. 
 
 Bust. A Young Priest. (.Marble in Musemn, Florence), by xhlton'lO Solluinelo. 
 
 Mask. Faun of the Capitol. (Marble in Capitoline Museum.) 
 
 The oriifinal was found at tM\ita l.aiinia. in 1701, and is supposed to have been copied from the bronze 
 by I'raxitelcs. Fauns were rustic deities with pointed ears and a small tail, suppojcd to lidmhit tiie wooiN 
 and embody the soft, dreamy intlnences of nature's soumls. The character of a scns\iouH life Is well reiire' 
 sented in the snulinn repo.se of this face. This beautiful work i<ave Hawthorne the idea of hii stor! of 
 "The Marble l''aun. " 
 
 30. Ma,sk of St. Gerome. 
 
 31. Bust. Julien de Medicis, (Marble 
 
 32. Maf-=k. Mlcliael Anjj-elo's Slave. 
 
 by Michael Anrjelo. 
 
DONATIONS. 
 
 A. Ship "John Owens," 1279 tons register. 
 
 This vessel was cDinpliineiitary niuueJ, ami l)uilt in l)i!<l)y, N'Dva Sjotia, by Eihv.ird J. Biuld in 1854 
 (who, previous to 1 830, was a jiartiier with Mr. Owens, doiuj,' business under the firm of Owens & IJudd, 
 as merchants and sliipbuildcrs) for J. & R. Reed of tliia city, to run in their semi-monthly line of packets 
 between this port and Li\orpool, England. 
 
 This Picture is presented to this Institution by Robert Reed, not for its artistic merit, but as a memento 
 of early and lastiuff friendships, and as a pictorial record of the palmy days of St. John, when by reason of 
 its extensive shipping interests -in a vein of ple.i3antry it was styled the Liverpool of British America. 
 
 B. Ship " Imperial," 1,888 tons register. 
 
 This vessel was built in 1852 it the Louj.; Wharf shipyard in Portland (previously used by Owens & 
 Duncan for shipbuildfnsf purposes) by .1. & R. Reed, for their line of Liverpool packets. 
 
 Tills Picture is also presjnte 1 by R ihcrt Reed, as a reminder of St. John's most |)rosjierous years. 
 
 C. Photographic reproduction of Michael Angelo's painting of the Last 
 Judgment, in the Sistine Chapel, Vatican Rome. Presented i.y KobenReed. 
 
 This Picture (04 feet in width) was completed unUer Pa\d 111. in 1541. Careful and repeated study 
 alone will enable the spectator to appreciate the details of this vast composition. To fathom the religious 
 views and artistic designs of the talented master is a still more difticult tusk. On the right of tlic figure of 
 (JIu-ist as Judge hover the saints drawn back by devils and supported by angels; on his left the siiuiers 
 in vain strive to ascend ; above are two groups of angels with the Cross, the colunni at wliich Christ was 
 scourged, and the other instruments of His sutTeriiigs ; in the centre, Christ and the Virgin, surrounded by 
 apostles and saints; below the rising dead is hell (according to Dante's conception), with the boatman 
 Charon and the judge .Minos, whose face is a portrait of Hiagio of Cesena, master of the ceremonies of Paul 
 III., who had censm-ed the picture on account of the nudity of tlie figures. Paul IV., who contemplated 
 the deiitruction of the picture on this account, was persuaded, instead, tit cause some of the figures to bo 
 partly draped by Daniele da Volterra, Clement XII. caused this process to be extended to the otlier llgurcB 
 by Stctfano Po/.zi, whereby, as may be imagined, the picture was far from being improved. 
 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
WATER COLORS, ETC. 
 
 Loaned bij Robert Beed. 
 
 No. 
 
 Paixtinoh. 
 
 Artists. 
 
 300 
 
 On Lake Windermere, 
 
 T. M. Richardson. 
 
 Bom 1784-1818. 
 
 301 
 
 Restinfj, 
 
 F. Goodall, R. A. 
 
 Born 1822. 
 
 302 
 
 Italian Landscape, 
 
 J. D, Harding. 
 
 Bom 1795-1803. 
 
 303 
 
 Roman Ruins, . . 
 
 Augustus Pugin, R. A. 
 
 Bom 1752-1832. 
 
 304 
 
 A Study, 
 
 John Everitt Millais, R. A. 
 
 305 
 
 Near the Hague, 
 
 H. Koak-Koak. 
 
 30G 
 
 Partridge Shooting, . . 
 
 Copley Fielding, 
 
 Born 17S7-1S55. 
 
 307 
 
 Hunting, . . 
 
 Frederick Taylex*. 
 
 Born 1S04-1S54. 
 
 308 
 300 
 
 On the Sussex Coast, . . 
 Passing Shower, 
 
 G. Bentley. 
 
 Died 1854. 
 
 David Ccx. 
 
 Born 1783-1859. 
 
 310 
 
 At Scheveniiigen, 
 
 Helverdick. 
 
 311 
 
 English Landscape, 
 
 Copley Fielding. 
 
 312 
 
 Dutch Lugger, 
 
 Wm. Vandervelde. 
 
 Bom 1033-1707. 
 
 313 
 
 Pieta, (Sepia) . . 
 
 Rembrandt Van Ryn. 
 
 Born 1000-1074. 
 
 314 
 
 Sketch of a Portrait by Vandyck, . . 
 
 Sir Peter Lely. 
 
 Bom 1017-1080. 
 
 315 
 
 Mother and Child (in chalk) 
 
 Carlo Dolci. 
 
 Bon. 1010-1071. 
 
 31G 
 
 Classical Landscape (in chalk), 
 
 Ga.sper Pou.ssin. 
 
 Born 101;M07.^. 
 
 317 
 
 Classical Subject (in clialk), . . 
 
 ■ 
 
 Nicholas Poussin. 
 
 Born 1604-HX:p. 
 
1 
 
 i8 
 
 WATER COLORS, ETC. 
 
 No. 
 
 318 
 319 
 320 
 
 321 
 322 
 323 
 
 324 
 
 325 
 
 32G 
 
 327 
 
 328 
 
 329 
 330 
 331 
 
 332 
 
 333 
 334 
 
 335 
 
 PAlSTtSOS. 
 
 Artists. 
 
 Cla.ssical Lancl.scape (in chalk), 
 
 On the Arno (in chalk), 
 
 The Two Marys, 
 
 The foregniiiif eij,'lit ])i(;tures beldiijfcd to Sir Tliomns 
 Lawronce, when his e'dllectiim was suM ; after his deatli 
 tliev fell into the haiiils of Samuel Bodeii, and formed (lart 
 of his famous collection at the time of his death in 1883. 
 
 Sir Thomas Lawrence, an eminent portrait painter, was 
 horn at Bristol, 17UI) ; was appointed painter to and Kniifht- 
 ed l>y Kinjf (Jeorjfe III. ; became President of the Koyal 
 Academv, and was a member of many foreis" Academies 
 and a Chevalier of the Leijion of Honor. lie died in 1830, 
 and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 
 On a Lee Shore, 
 View near the Hague, 
 Evening near Antwerp, 
 
 At the Feny, . . 
 At Canterbury, 
 On the Highlands, 
 London Docks, 
 
 Cornwall Coast, 
 
 Admiration, 
 Near Antwerp, . . 
 Near Wansworth, 
 
 The Storm, 
 
 Hay Time, 
 Old Mill, 
 
 View in Wiltshire, 
 
 Gasper Poussin. 
 
 Born 1G13-1GV5. 
 
 Gasper Poussin. 
 
 Born 1013-1675. 
 
 Paul Peter Rubens. 
 
 Born 1577-1640. 
 
 33G A Studv, 
 
 W. Salmon. 
 Koak-Koak. 
 W. Roloffs. 
 
 Che\alier of the Legion of Honor. 
 
 Sir A. Callcott, R. A. 
 
 Born 17-9-18«. 
 
 W. L. Leitch. 
 
 Born 1S04-1833. 
 
 Samuel Bough, A. R. S. A. 
 
 Born 1S22-1S7S. 
 
 W. Bennett. 
 
 Born 1811. 
 
 Samuel Bentley. 
 
 Died 1S,'>4. 
 
 E. Bouvier, Paris. 
 Koak-Koak, Holland. 
 Samuel Boden. 
 
 Boni 1M1-1SS3. 
 
 F. Wheatlv, R. A. 
 
 Born 1747-1701, 
 
 H. Vincent. 
 Samuel Prout. 
 
 Born 1783-185-2, 
 
 Copley Fielding. 
 
 Born 17s7-l8'iri. 
 
 John (Vome. 
 
 I'.f.ru 17ii7-1821. 
 
WATER COLORS, ETC. 
 
 19 
 
 No. 
 
 Paistinos. 
 
 AllTlSTS. 
 
 :{37 
 
 • 
 
 On Cornwall Coast, . . 
 
 [ Clarkson Stanfield, R. A. 
 
 Born 17i)4--18U7. 
 
 :i38 
 
 Ducks, . . 
 
 Sir Edwin Landseer, R. A. 
 
 Born 1802--1873. 
 
 :i39 
 
 The Departure, 
 
 Riva. 
 
 :J40 
 
 Stags, 
 
 Robert Hills. 
 
 Born 17C9--1844. 
 
 .S41 
 
 Winter Evening, 
 
 Schardoff. 
 
 U2 
 
 Near Dedham, 
 
 John Constable, R. A. 
 
 Boni 1770--1S37. 
 
 :143 
 
 A Study of Trees, 
 
 Thos. Creswick, R. A. 
 
 Born 1811--1870. 
 
 344 
 
 Near Epping, 
 
 F. G. T. Francia. 
 
 Born l-82--18:i)). 
 
 345 
 
 At Winchester, 
 
 Frederick Nash. 
 
 Born 1782--lSn(j. 
 
 34G 
 347 
 
 Cavaliers Conversing, . . 
 Landscape, with figures, . . 
 
 MeyerhofF. 
 
 i'upil of Ten Kate. 
 
 Sir A. Calcott, R. A. 
 
 Horn 1779--1844. 
 
 348 
 
 Italian Sunset, 
 
 W. L. Leitch. 
 
 Born 1804--138;i. 
 
 349 
 
 A Study, 
 
 1). Maclise, R. A. 
 
 Born 1811. 
 
 350 
 
 Winter, 
 
 Van Hayden, 
 
 351 
 
 Old Mill 
 
 J. B. Pyno. 
 
 Born 1800--1879. 
 
 352 
 
 Cathedral Interior, 
 
 Frederick McKenzie. 
 
 Born 1787. 
 
 353 
 
 Near Winchester, . . , . , 
 
 Frederick Nash. 
 
 Born 1782-1850. 
 
 354 
 
 Study of a Cow, . . , . 
 
 T. Sydney Cooper, R. A. 
 
 Born 1803. 
 
 355 
 
 A Long Sermon, . . 
 
 H. Corbould. 
 
 Born 1787-1844. 
 
 350 
 357 
 
 Early Autumn, 
 Loch Lomond, 
 
 Leopold Rivers. 
 
 An exhibitor in Royal Academy. 
 
 Clarence Row. 
 
 358 
 
 r.nrlv af ih(\ Manor. 
 
 S. G. Craig. 
 
20 
 
 WATER COLORS, ETC. 
 
 No. 
 
 Paintings. 
 
 A RTI8TH. 
 
 359 Landscape, 
 
 3C0 Landscape and Cattle, 
 
 3G1 Dance of the Nymphs, 
 
 362 Cascade in the Highlands, 
 
 363 Gypsies, 
 
 364 In Palestine, . . 
 
 365 Old Mill near Norwich, 
 
 366 Cathedral at Tours, 
 
 367 Study 
 
 368 Mountain Stream, 
 
 369 On the Avon, 
 
 370 Winter, 
 
 371 Barn Yard, 
 
 372 Wrecking, 
 
 373 Summer, 
 
 374 Old Bridge, 
 
 375 Hunting, 
 
 376 Evening, 
 
 377 Victoria Docks, 
 
 378 Coast and Figures, 
 
 379 The Little Truants, 
 
 38C Near Arundel, 
 
 381 Marmion, , , 
 
 Geo. Barrett, Jr. 
 
 Born 1732-1784. 
 
 B, Ommeganck. 
 
 ]3orn 175.'5--1820. 
 
 August Bouvier, Paris. 
 Geo. Fennel Robson. 
 
 Bom 1790-1833. 
 
 J. J. Hill. 
 
 W. Brockendeu, F. K S. 
 
 Born 1787-1354. 
 
 John Crome. 
 
 Born 1707-1821. 
 
 Frederick McKenzie. 
 
 Born 1787. 
 
 F, Davis. 
 F. Davis. 
 T. M. Richardson. 
 
 Born 1784--1848. 
 
 Van Heyden. 
 James Ward, R. A. 
 
 Bom 1769--1859. 
 
 Geo. Chambers. 
 
 Born 1S03--1840. 
 
 E. W. Tidey. 
 
 Clarkson Stanfield, R. A. 
 
 Bom 171)4--18«7. 
 
 Ten Kate. 
 Wm. Pav?i<;. 
 Collingwood Smith. 
 Hovenar. 
 J. Absolon. 
 
 Bom 1815. 
 
 W. L. Leitch. 
 
 Born 1S04--1883. 
 
 Charles Cattermole. 
 
WATER COLORS, ETC. 
 
 21 
 
 No. 
 
 382 
 383 
 
 384 
 385 
 38G 
 
 387 
 
 388 
 
 Paintings. 
 
 
 Artisth. 
 
 Strawberries, . . 
 
 
 T. Hough. 
 
 Table and Basket, 
 
 
 Wni. Henry Hunt. 
 
 Bi)rn 1790--1864. 
 
 East India Docks, 
 
 
 H. G. 
 
 Near Wanswprth, 
 
 
 J. Price. 
 
 Evening near Lincoln, 
 
 
 John Varlev. 
 
 BoJU 1778--1842. 
 
 A Procession, . . 
 
 
 Thos. Rowlandson. 
 
 Born 1758--1827. 
 
 A Fresh Breeze, 
 
 • « • • 
 
 Wm. Yandervelde. 
 
 Born 1033--1707. 
 
A LIST OF EMINENT ARTISTS 
 
 Whose works to the number set opposite their names-are in the Standard Collec- 
 tion of the South Kensington School Department for circulation amon? its 
 several branches, and who are also represented by one or more examples 
 from their brush on the walls of tha Owens Art Institution. 
 
 Artists. 
 
 Barrett, George, R. A. 
 Ohainbers, George 
 Cattermole, Geor<:e . . 
 Constable, John, R. A. 
 Cooper, T. Syilney, R. A. . . 
 Cronie, John 
 Corboiild, Richard . . 
 Collins, William, R. A. 
 Cristall, Joshua 
 Ci)X, J)avi(l . . 
 Creswick, Thomas, R. A. 
 DoLoutherbourjif, Phillip James, 
 DeWint, Peter 
 Dayes, Ivhvard 
 
 Etty, William, l{. A 
 
 Fielding, Copley 
 
 K.aiuia, F. L. T 
 
 <!irtin, Thomas . , , , 
 
 llollaml James, 
 Hunt, William Ilein-y 
 
 R. A. 
 
 6<IKN. 
 
 Diiii). 
 
 ir 
 
 ardin'' J. Jj. 
 
 180;J 
 
 ISOO 
 
 177G 
 
 1803 
 
 17G7 
 
 1757 
 
 1788 
 
 1706 
 
 1783 
 
 1811 
 
 17-1.0 
 
 1784 
 
 17(i3 
 
 1787 
 
 1787 
 
 1782 
 
 1773 
 
 1800 
 
 1700 
 
 1708 
 
 1842 
 1840 
 1808 
 1837 
 
 • ■ • • 
 
 1821 
 
 180!) 
 1847 
 1847 
 18.')!) 
 1870 
 1812 
 184!) 
 
 • • • • 
 
 184!) 
 18.-)-) 
 183!) 
 1802 
 1870 
 l.s<i4 
 1803 
 
 No. 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 17 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 33 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
ARTISTS. 
 
 23 
 
 Artists. 
 
 Ibbetson, J. C. 
 Jutsom, Henry 
 Koak-Koak, H. 
 Landsoer, Sir Edwin, R. A. 
 Leitch, W. L. 
 Mulready, William, E. A. 
 Muller, W. J. 
 Mackenzie, Frederick 
 Morland, George 
 Nash, Frederick 
 Prout, Samuel 
 Payne, William 
 Pyno, J. B. 
 
 Richardson, Thomas M. 
 Robson, George F. . . 
 Rowlandson, Thomas 
 Reynolds, Sir Joshua, P. R, 
 Reinagle, R: R., R. A. 
 Smith, CoUingwood 
 Stanfield, Clarkson, R. A. 
 Varley, John 
 Wheatley, Francis, R. A. 
 Ward, James, R. A. . . 
 
 BOKX. 
 
 DlKl). 
 
 1759 
 1816 
 ISIo 
 1812 
 1804 
 178G 
 1812 
 1787 
 17G3 
 1782 
 1785 
 
 • « • « 
 
 1800 
 1784 
 1790 
 1750 
 I72:i 
 1775 
 
 • • • • 
 
 17!>3 
 1778 
 1749 
 
 1709 
 
 1817 
 
 After 
 
 1813 
 1870 
 1848 
 1833 
 1827 
 1792 
 1802 
 
 • • • • 
 
 1S07 
 1842 
 1791 
 
 1S59 
 
 No, 
 
 1809 
 
 1 
 
 • . . • 
 
 2 
 
 1873 
 
 30 
 
 1883 
 
 4 
 
 1803 
 
 04 
 
 1845 
 
 8 
 
 • • « • 
 
 3 
 
 1804 
 
 5 
 
 1850 
 
 4 
 
 1852 
 
 17 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 '•> 
 
 8 
 35 
 
 8 
 
HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL 
 
 HISTOEIOAL. 
 
 Tlio fulluuiim brief liistorioal ami liio^jraphical extracts from relial)le sources may be found useful in 
 connection with the Catalojjue herewith. 
 
 THE UNITED KINGDOM. 
 
 The Royal Academy of Art'3 in London, membership of vhith constitute tlie Art Peeraire of Great 
 liritain, wis fonmlod in 17US. The plan ..f constitution was approved and si-ned by Kin;,' Geor-e III, Pecember 
 lOtli of that your. Anion^f tlie thirty-si.\ ori^dnal meml)er8 were Reynolds, (iainsborouLrh, Benjamin West Marv 
 Moshcr and Anffolica Kaufman. The Hrst I'residont was Sir Joshua Reynolds ; succeeded in 1702 by Benjamin 
 West. The a.tive members are divided into Academicians (K. A.) and Associates (A. K. A.) In 1884 there were 
 furt.^ two Academicians and thirt.\-one Associate Academicians. All artists whose work show sutflciont merit 
 are pcnmtted to contribute to its exhibitions ; as exhibitors they are cli(fible to election as Associutes-beinif 
 chosen by the Academicians at the annual meetins of the Aca.lemy. The Academicians are chosen (when 
 vacancies occur) from amon« the number of Associates. The Academy, since its f.mndation, bos iTeen under the 
 direction and protection of Royalty. All bye-laws nmst have the sanction and signature of the rcigninR 
 sovcrelKii to Kivc them effect ; and the approliation of the monarch is neccssarv to make valid anv election <,f 
 Associate Academician, I'n.fessor ,.r .Mcmlier of Council. Tlie I'rcHident is kniKbtcd upon election.' Its annual 
 exiiibition opens in May ; all works .sent for exhibition are submitte.l to the Judifinent of the Cmnci! whose 
 decision IS final. The scho„ls of the Royal Academy are the most complete and most important fine-art scho.ds 
 in Great liritain : there are tliiee branches a school for study from casts of celebrated works of aiitiiniitv • a 
 school for studv from liviinf models ; and a school of iNiintlinr. ' ' 
 
 The Society of British Artists was founded in London, in 1S23, for the sale of the works of livhiir 
 artistsof the rnitcil Kinjfdoin. its (,'allcry is in rail-Mali, Kast. 
 
 The Dudley Gallery, in London, lias been in cxlgtence since 1804. It was orKimized for the public 
 display of water-color pictures In painters who w fie not membei-s .,f the icK'idar watcr-col„r societies and who 
 in consequence were not pcnnltle.l to send their works to tliose Mallcrics. The pictures ..fTored are selected or 
 rejected by a comnnttce. In ISS.i this nalleiy passed under now manaifcmenl and became 
 
 The Dudley Gallery Art Society, with about one hiindred and l\U\ members. Tlie Duke of Aruyll 
 is President, and the name ..f John Ruskin appears in the list of Council. The membership has an increashw 
 tendency. 
 
 The Orosvenor Gallery, in New li..nd street, Loiwion, is the yoiniBCsl Institution of the kind in (Jroat 
 llntain, altli.,nKb by no means the least imp(ntant. It was opened in ls77. lias no membership but is under 
 the nmnagemeiit of ,'.:ir C.utts Lindsay. Its exliiliitions are made up of tlio works .,| living painters and 
 Bciilptors, who are Invited by the manager to contribute on these occasloiH. This jfallery is not Intended as a 
 rival of the Royal Academy, ncu'rtheless. works of many Academicians arc seen upon its walls ; more cspeclallv 
 palidbitfs of what Is kn,.wn as the romantic sclionl. with which the Council of the Aca.lemv .Iocs not appear to 
 be in sympathy. AmoiiK tile better known of the contributors to these evhibltlons ba\ e burn Mllhils, .Sir Francis 
 
 (Irant, Sir rrcdcrlrk LelKhton, Ocoixe 1) Leslie, Oeorwe H. llon«:lit llnrne-.loneH, Alina-Tadelim Spencer 
 
 Staidiop.', Walter Crane, Albert A re, Whistler, Ucilbuth, Tisw.t, Mrs. Joplli.K tttnl Mrs, Spiirtall Stillnian. 
 
 Thb Royal Society of Painters In Water Colors oriiflnated In ]s04, when wattr-c<diir palmlim 
 
 beinui t.. attno I popular Mtcntlon In (ileal Mritaln. It I w to Halcit„l„r art in the tinted Kln«.loni wlcit 
 
 the Koyiil Academy Is to line aits in u'cnci/il. Its I'rosl.lent, like that of the R,nal A.adeniv, is knighted noon 
 oleetloii. 
 
 The Royal Institute of Painters In Water Colors «a« founded in 1831. it nmnbers anion;/ it* 
 
 •"■ - ' - 1 ■•' '"•' i'i--oii:-ins arti3ti of the I llltud KUitfdoiii 
 
 Plccadilh. 
 
 til Knilvrivs are 
 
HISTORICAL. 
 
 25 
 
 The South Kensington Museum.- Inimediatelv following,' tlie first ifi-eat world's exhibition, in 
 London, in 1851, a new seftion was formed in the IJritish Privy Council, called the Department of Science and 
 Art, which devotes itself particularly to ))opular instruction in the industrial arts, chiefly thus far, in drawing 
 and the arts of design. From this department sprang, in 18r)2, the institution known as the South Kensington 
 Museum. It cost originally ui)ward8 of a million pounds sterling, and during its existence since, there has been 
 expended upon it nearly four million pounds sterling. Collections have been made of pictures, casts, engravings, 
 models, and objects of art of all kinds, from all nations and of all i)erioUs. Tlie art training-schools in con- 
 nection with this national establishment are regarded bv competent judges of all nations as the finest in the 
 world. There are ten in London, two or more each in Dublin, Kdinburgh and Liverpool, and one or more each 
 in Binningham, Nottingham, Glasgow, nirkeuhead, Helfast, Leeds, and other cities and towns throughout tlie 
 United Kingdom. An exhibition is now being held at South Kensington of the school work. The collection 
 consists of 420 specimens, selected from three hundred aTid twenty-four thousand works, sent in from 227 of the 
 branch art schools and classes for the annual examination at the chief department. It is estimated that at least 
 three hundred thousand persons are now studying art in some form in (ireat Ilritain alone. Before the organ- 
 ization of the South Kensington College the number of British art students did not number one thousand annu- 
 ally, and the large proportion of these devoted themselves to high art. 
 
 The Royal Scottish Academy. -The first effort towards the cgtablishmcnt of this institution wa* 
 an exhibition of paintings held in Kdinburgh in 1803. It was followed by occasional exhibitions until 1826, 
 when the Scottish Acailcmy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture was established, of which George Watson 
 was President and D. <>. Hill, Secretjuy. In ISliS it became, under Royal Charter, The Koyal Scottish Academy. 
 The general plan of the institution is similar to that of the Royal Academy, London. Its home is now in the 
 National Gallery of Scotland, the foundation-stone of which was laid by the Prince Consort, in ISftO. 
 
 The Royal Hibernian Academy, in Dublin, dates from 1803. It was incorporated in 1823, and is 
 under the patronage of the (^lueeii, and the vici'-i)atronage of the Lonl Lieutenant of Ireland. Its membership 
 consists of Acudcmieians, Associates and Honorary Members. 
 
 FRANCE. 
 
 The Institute of France.- <>ne of its divisions is the Acailemii' liex flcaiir-Artu, which consists of 
 40 niendiers who have each been medalled in one of the National Art Dcpartment>i, ten honorary academicians, 
 and fen foreign associates. L'Ecule dex llcatix-Aiin, in Paris, is an oUshoot of this department. Le Prix de 
 Home is the grand desiiieratinn of all French students, and carries with it such advantages as are well worth 
 striving for. The French Academy at Rome is presided over by a member of the Aciuliinde des Iiea,ix-Arts, and 
 the gainer of the ,7/r(»(/^)/'M- is entitled to four years' study there, with the sum of four thousand francs an- 
 nually ; also after his return to France, he receives the same smn during four more .\ ears from the jirize of Mme. 
 Caen, tlius being freed from pecuniary care <luring eight \eai-s. 
 
 The Salon, or annual exhibition at Purls, Is under government direction. Its highest reward is the 
 MnlailU irHiiiniciir, the sccon<l the I'ri.r dii Sali)ii, and below these are medals of three classes In each depart- 
 ment of the exhibition. The ili'ilniUe tl'Uonneiir ontillus the recipient to send thereafter any work to the 
 Salon without submitting it to the j\u-y of admission. The medallists of the Salon also receive, in many cases, 
 the decoration of the I.cgloii of Honor in various grades. 
 
 The Luxembourg, Piuis, is a government institution, and is cssentlall.v a permanent exhlliltlon of the 
 Works of li\ing I'rencli artists, or those deceased within ten veins. 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 The Corcoran Oallery <>f Art, Washington, is the free gift of Mr. Win. W. Corcoran to the public, on 
 the condlUiin that it be open to visitors, without charge, two days in the week, anil other davsat moderate 
 and leasonable charges, to be applied to the current expenses. The cost of the bnililing and ground was i-iiriO,- 
 tHlO The I'iitures and Stiitnarv contained in the building at its opening were \alued at islDo.noo; and U> provide 
 for Its iiiainleiiancc Mr. Corconin has fniidcd hi)iI(),(kii), which yields an ainnnil income of (ji.'iO.OOO. It Is open 
 daily (except Sunday). On other than fruu days the admission fee Is 'i.'i cents. The charge for Cataloguu* is 
 'i6 uents. 
 
 The National Academy of Design, New York, connnenccd with tin beginning of the present 
 century. In LsO^s, the Stale granted a charter to the .Imcro'iDi Acailfmii n.f Attn. Of Its members, the only 
 professional arllst was ,lohn Trumbnll, who was its tirst \ ice President, and later Its presiding ottlcer. lis 
 Hoard of Directors was composed of prondiu'iit men of Mirloiis proressions and occupations. In I.H'.'ii, It and a 
 Boelely called the New York Draw ing Nociely (under the leadership of Professor Morse), amalgnmated, forming 
 the pres'int Niitinnol Aciuliinii nf DcHii/n. It Is a private institution, controlled now cxelnslvely by artists, no 
 others beitiu eligil^le to metnbersh.lpi except in the citnipUiuent'^rv gnLilc)! "f Honottirv tuMtnhHni iiiid I'Vllowiij 
 wliu art) so honorwl for benefits bust^iwud u|)on the Academy. The professional memltcrs consist of Auodenil- 
 
26 
 
 HISTORICAL. 
 
 ciiins a.Kl Ass<,ciates, the number of eaeli being lin.itea to one hunilie.l. An election to cither grade is an official 
 rcroj.intion (,n the part of the Academy of distinguished professional merit; tlie Associates are ch..sen by ballot 
 trom among the profcssi,mal artists of the whole country, an.l the A«ulcmicians from the bodv of the Associates, 
 there are at present nmcty-four Aciulemiciaiis and flfty-nine Associates. The government is entirely in the 
 hands of the Academicians, and is by then, annually delegated to a Council of Management Its schools are 
 consu cre,l to be to the Fine Art Schools of America what the Schools of the Royal Academy are to the provincial 
 schools of England, or I'Ecole des Beaux-Arts is to the lesser schools of France. 
 
 The Pennsylvania Academy of Pine Arts. wa« founded in I80r>, bv seventv of the leading 
 cuizens o I'hiludelphia (forty-.me of whom were lawyers) The object, iw sUtted in its con'stitution, was to 
 promote the cultivation of the Fine Arts in the United States of An.ericu. A building was erected and ..pened 
 in 1»0,, with a collection of fifty casts fr<.n. the Anti.|Ue -selected by Nicholas Uiddle, the Secretary of the 
 J.egation m I>ans--ana a few paintings bv West and other prominent artists. In 184,5, the Imikling. tK.gethcr 
 with it,s contents, whici, had been largely increase,! and which had become very valuable, was destroved by fire 
 1 he generosity of the people of I'hiladelphia Wius, however, so great that a new building was soon after erected', 
 and the new collection of Works of Art surpassed the former one. In 1870 this building was demolished and the 
 present structure erected at an outlay of about half a million of dollars. In ISS,-,, its collection ~-purcha.sed and 
 <lonated- consisted of 28!) paintings, .V. pieces of sculpture in marble, and ;U0 plaster casts, besides some 200 
 pieces statuary and paintings on temporary deposit. The Institution is governed bv a Hoard of Directors 
 appointed annually by the stockholders, who now number abont 1,100, representing paid-up subscriptions to the 
 extent ,, nearly half a million d.dlars. On the first Hoard in 1805 there were two professional artists-^ Charles 
 ^\ ilson 1 eale and William Kusli -but on the Ho.nl of 1878, artists' nanie^ do not appear. There arc s.mie trust 
 he.p.ests for special objects outside of the outlay consequent upon carrying on the institution; for the latter the 
 income is hm.ted to a.lmission and tuition fees and donations. The schools arc of the highest order; its classes 
 are intended especially for those who propose to become professional artists. 
 
 Museum of Fine Arts. Uoston. incorporated in 1870. The buil.ling, with its interior fixings and 
 fmintnre, cost about three hundred an,l forty tlionsaml dollars. The expcn.liture bv the Trustees for Works of 
 Art has been about forty thousand dollars, the remain.ler of its very excellent and extensive collection c.msists 
 of gits or temporary loans. The sdn.ols of l.rawing an.l I'ainting connected with this institution has a large 
 number of pupils, and appears to be performing the work of a well established Academy. It receives i.upils of 
 both sexes. The admission fee is ten d.dlars. and a monthly fee of same amount. 
 
 Boston Art Club, was organized in ^sr,^ by twenty gentlemen, among wh.mi were .losepb Aims, its 
 first resident, Alfre.l Ordway, its first Secrct.uy, ami Walter .M. Hracket. In 18,S4 it bad 870 members, which 
 number includes 12.i artists, who pay M15 annually; the remainder are assessable to tlie extent of ,s30 annually. 
 It has a school in connexion, a Cast and Life class. 
 
 CANADA. 
 
 The Royal Canadian Academy of Arts held «n Kxhibition in cutawa in the sprin;, of the present 
 year, I- rom its Catalogue we take the following : - 
 
 Kounilers The Manpiis of l.orne ami I'riiicess Louise. 
 
 I'atr<m Ills Kx.rllem'y Ih.. Maquis of l.aiisdowne, (Jovcriior fJenernl of Canada. 
 
 ..lt)^.rs President, I,. H. (.Ihieii, Toronto ; Vice-President, A. C. Hutchison, .Montreal ; Treasurer, .Taineg 
 Smith. loronto; Secretary, .M. Mathews, Toronto. 
 
 The t'oimeil consists of fourteen members. There are twent.v -eight Academicians aii.i tliirlv -t«o Associates, 
 also four hundred and tlfty-scven Honorary nicnd.ers, «ho each pay five dollars or more annually. 
 
 National Art Gallery of Canada, located in oiUiwa, was instituted In 1880, by His Kxcellcncv the 
 M,irMms of l.orne and llcr Itoyal Highness the Princess Louise. It is nn.ler the direction of the l.epartmJnt of 
 I nblic Works. Its c.llectlon, in lS84. consisted of twenty one (lil Paintings (of which number fifteen are ,lip. 
 lomapiclnreM from the Uoyal Camuliaii .Vca.lemv), six pieces of Statnar.v, etc., ten Water Colors, and twelve 
 Arehltfelunil Drawings and Deslgng. 
 
 The Art Association of Ottawa. Founded 1871), Inc.rporated 1883. Is nn.ler the patronage of 
 
 liiH Kxcellency the .Mai.piis of Lansdownc, (i,.vernor (Jencral of Canada. Its olticrs arc a Prcsi.lcnl (Lt C ncl 
 
 (.ilmour), two \ ice-PresidentH, a Treasurer and a Secretary (F. A. Dixon, Ks,, ,) with fifteen <o„,Hlilors It has 
 tvveiity-ninellfe members, who have each contributed t.. its funds snins from -^.-.O to .-I l.i,^ |„„ideB fortvllvo 
 aniiunl members paying i<i to «<2r. each. ' ' i » 
 
 The Art Association of Montreal, aeconlintf to its ltep.,rt for 1,S84, is imdei tin. patroimge .,f the 
 (.ovcrnorticnemi of Cainola, and is inanav;nl by fifteen (;overnors, who Imve each been MUalillcd for the ofilco 
 bv a donation of five hundred dollars. It has Heventy-fivo life members, who have each beco,„e mialiHcd bv n, 
 
 " "'""' ' ""'" '""""••"' <'""«■••: "i"l "l"" three hundred an.l thirty. nine animal nie ers »h.. pav tlvo 
 
 dollar,: y«,rly. |, h«. ,>„e l*nefactor. wh., i, rcconiid .« such. in .Kkno«|..,lgmcia of i, ■, having contributed 
 *.'i,UO0 an.l upwardi towards the institution. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 27 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 Appian, Andrea— Born at Milan about 1S12-18(K). Wim several medals at Rome, ami the jfrand prize 
 at the Academy <if Milaii. His piotures nf " IV'trarch at Avignon," and " A Young Italian Emi^jrant pressing to 
 her Heart tlie National Colors," were at the Paris Exposition in 1855. 
 
 Absoion, John— This graceful painter of figure subjects, chiefly in water colors, was born in Lamlash, 
 Scotland, in 1815, He exhibited in the British Institution ami in the Koyal Academy. His " Vicar of Wake- 
 field," painted in 1842, first attracted to him the attention of the public and the critics. He is a member of 
 the Institute (jf Painters in Water Colors and was its treasurer for some years. His "Judgment of Midas" 
 belongs to the Baroness Burdett-Coutts. 
 
 Borden, Samuel Bom at Norwich 1811-1883. This artist (pupil of P. DeWint), besides being a great 
 painter, made the most famous collection of water-color drawings ever brought together by me individual. 
 After his decease the collection became dispersed through falling into the hands of picture dealers. 
 
 Brockedon, William, F. R. S.-Born in Devonshire 1787-1854. In 1813 this artist exhibited a picture 
 of Miss Booth as "Juliet," which brought him into notice. He was a man of great ingenuity and invention, 
 and became a Fellow of the Royal Society, a member of tlic academies of Florence and Rome, and fcmnded the 
 tiraphic Society. 
 
 Barrett, George, Jr. - Died in 1842 Exhibited in the Royal Academy In 1800, and soon became known 
 by his poetic treatment of classical subjects, sunrise, sunset, and niooidight effects. He was one of the early 
 members nf the Water-Color Society. 
 
 Bentley, Charles— An esteemed painter in water colors of marine subjects, and a member of the Water- 
 Color Society. He died in 1854. 
 
 Botticelli, Aleaandro— Born in Florence 1437. He studied painting under Fillippo Lippi, and after- 
 wards executed several pictures for Pope SLxtus IV', and for the City of Florence, for which he received large 
 sums of money, which he spent in tlumghtless extravagance, resulting in poverty at the time of his deal 1, about 
 the year 1510. He was a man of letters as well as a great |painter'. 
 
 Bough, Bamuel, A. R. S. A. Bom at Carlisle 1822-1878. Comparatively self taught as an artist. 
 He became a resident of Eilintuirgh, ranking high there as a landscape painter; he was elected an .\ssoci!vte of 
 the Royal Scottish Academy in 1N')U, and an Academician in 1875. The "Art Journal ' says of one of his 
 jiictures : " 'St. Monans' is a noble effoit, less a picture than a positive theft of a portion of land and water, 
 filched, as by a master-stroke, from earth and set in a magic mirror before us.' 
 
 Bennet, William Born in I8II. A pleasing painter of coast and highland scenery. A member of the 
 Society of I'alnters in Water Colors. 
 
 Constable, John, R. A Bom in Suffolk 177(i-18.37. A landscajie painter; his favorite subjects were 
 country lanes, styles and fields. He was passionately fond of (piiet nature, and one conspicuous characteristic 
 of his works is their simplicity. At the commencement of his career he was asked by Sir (iuorgc Bcatnnont 
 what style he |.roposeil to ailopt, he replied: "None but C.od Almighty's style, Sir fieorgc " He became a 
 student of the Koyal .\cadeniy in 17IX), was elected an .\ssociate in 1S1!>, and an Academician in lS2!t. The 
 "Corn Fields "and "Valley Farm" in the National (iailery ..re fine specimens of his pictures. In 1,h73 a Mr 
 .lohn W. Wilson presentiHl to the Louvre a picture of " Weymo\ith Hay," by this artist, for which he paid t2,240. 
 Mr. Wilson, in aikncjwledgment, received the Cross of the Legion of Honor. At the Morgan sale in New York, 
 188(1, an English landsca|ie by Constat. le brought t<3,850. 
 
 Crome, John (Known as old Crome) was born in Norwich 17(:7-lS21. A landscape painter of eminence. 
 His Him etfects and moonlight scenes being especially excellent. He founded in his native place u school of 
 painting, wliose works have marked local characteristics 
 
 Collins, William, R. A. Bom in London 1788-1S47. A charming painter of lanilHcaiies, rustic children, 
 &c. His pi( tines arc highly prized. At a London sale in In71 his picture the "Nutting Party " sold for tt45 
 guineas, and at the (llllot sale, London, l,s72, his "Cromer Sands," a arge picture, brought 3,000 guineas. 
 
 Correglo, Antonio Allegrl. Commonlv called Correglo, fnim the place of his birth, an eminent 
 historiial painter was born in tin year I4IU. In 15UI lie was established in I'lirma. Ho cnJo,\eil none of those 
 advantages which contributed to foriii the other great painters of that illustrious age, he saw none of the statues 
 of aiuient (ircccc or Rome, nor any of Ihc works of the (•stabli'<heil scliools of Home and Venice lint Nature 
 WHS his guide, anil Correglo was one of her favorite pupils. To express the fiicllity with which be painted, ho 
 used to say that he always had his thoughts ready at the end of his pencil. An easy and llowliig pencil, a union 
 and hanniiiiv of coliirn, .iiid a perfect intelligence of liL'ht and slni'le give an astonlshlni.' relief to all his pictureM- 
 and have been the admiration lioth nf his c inteinporarics and his suceussors. Annllml Caracci who flunrlsliod 
 
28 
 
 i5I0(;raphical. 
 
 fifty years after lilrii, studied and adopted his manner in i)referenee to tliat of any other master. Correffio was 
 employed t.) paint tlie euiM)la <if the cathedral at Parma, the suhjeet of which is "The Assumption of the 
 Virifm" ; and liaviny executed it in a manner that has loni; heen the admiration of every jierson of jfood taste, 
 for the grandeur of dcsijfu and especially for the holdness (.f the foreshortenin^'s (an art whch he first and at 
 once broujrht to the utmost perfection), he went to receive the payment. The canons of the church, either 
 throu^^h isnorance or biiseness, fcnm.l fault witli his work, and contrary to agreement, forced Iiim to accept the 
 paltry sum of 200 livres, which, to add to the indignity, they paid liim in copper monev. To carry home the 
 unworthy load to his indignant wife and children he had to w;ill< six to eight miles. The heat of the weather 
 and his chagrin at the villanous treatment he had received, brought <m an illness of which he died at the en.l of 
 the followmg three days, in the fortieth year of his a-e. Titian afterwards in passing througli Parma on 
 viewnig this magnificent work exclaimed : " If I were not Titian, 1 should cort.iinly wish to be Corregio." 
 
 Chambers, George-Horn at Whitby in 180:i-1810. In 1835 he was elected a member of the Water- 
 Color .Society. He made a specialty of river and coast scenery, and of his several large pictures of naval 
 engagements three are in Greenwich Hospital. 
 
 Cooper, Thomaa Sydney, R. A. -This eminent landscape painter wom born at Canterburv in 1803- 
 He was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy in 1845, and an Academician in 18(i-. His pictures are 
 charmuig for their truthful following of nature, rustic nature in Its simplest moods, comprising groups of oxen, 
 
 cow.s, .sheep and goats, in green pastures or the sedgy l>anks of rivers, or ni the wilder lowland and m ■, what- 
 
 ever Its char .ctur being generally kept subordinate in iniportvn.ie to its living occupant. His "Farmyard - 
 Milking Time," and his "C.ittle -Early Morning," are in the Vernon section of the British National Gallery. 
 
 CorbOUld, Richard -Bom in London 1757-1800. Landscape and portrait painter in oil and water 
 colors. Unexcelled as a hook illustrator. 
 
 Cox, David -IJnrn in Birmingh.am 1783-1850. An eminent teacher of ilrawing. His own works are 
 highly prized. 
 
 CallCOtC, Sir AueruatUS Wall, R. A.- Born 1770-1844. At first he practised portrait painting, but 
 afterwards devoted himself to landsc.ipe. He was .•ailed the Knglish Claude. In 1837 the (iueen conferred 
 
 •""«'■"' ' "I"'" '""'. "'"' i" 1S41 he was appointed conserv.itor of the royal i.ictures. At the Gillot sale In 
 
 London, 1872, " A Coast Scene " by this artist sold for 1,700 guineas ; and in 1874 "The Point Kerry " 300 guineas- 
 
 Cristall, Joshua. - Born in (;ornwall 17(mi847. A water-color painter of the old school, and one of the 
 founders of the Society of Water Colors. He was f..r many years till his death the President of that institution. 
 He painte-i classic or rustic figures, grouped with reflnoment and tiste, well drawn with landscape liackground. 
 
 Creswick, Thomas, R. A.-Born in Shertield (Eng.) 1S11-1870. Elected an Associate of the Roval 
 Academy m 1842, and A.ademician in H.Vi. His snl)jects are thoroughly natural in char.icter, principally Welsh 
 scenery. In some of bis picturen the figures were painted by It. Ans lell, and in others bv .1. W. B.ittomly. 
 Kuskin says of Creswick's tree-painting: "Look at the intricacy and fulness of the dark f.dlagc where it bends 
 over the brook, see how you can go through it, and into it, and come out behind it to the quiet liit of sky." 
 
 Cattermole. George - Bom IsO'.MWW. He became a member of the oM Water ('(dor Society in IS.'iO 
 contributing frc,picntl> to its exhibitions until lS4ii, after wbi.'h be devoted himself to oil painlin -. executing 
 "Macbeth " At the Paris Evposition of 18.m, be receive.l one of the Hrst-class medals awarded' t,. English 
 artists, (l.m.lseer re eiving the other), lie was a member of tlij Wat.'r C dor Society of Bru-suls, an,l ,.f the 
 Ko.val Academy of Amster.lam. "Ton. Taylor" writes -. " Catterm ,le's place among English artists is assuredly 
 Ml the highest rank of watcr-mlor painters of incidents ami maimers. His power of indicating the plav of liglit 
 and gradations of relief in dresses etc., as well as the expressions ami diar icters of faces In a few toin^hes 
 exactly of the right form ami in the right place, was distinctive of this painter, and has never pnd.ably been 
 possessed in the same degree liy any other English artist." 
 
 Cattermole, Charles \ciihe» of (Jeorgc Cattcrmole, resident of Lonrlon, and for some years a mem- 
 ber of the Institute of Paintein in Water C.doi-s and of the Society of British Artists. His w.',rks are of a 
 military ty|MJ. 
 
 DeLoutherbOUrg, Phillip James, R. A. Was bom at Stiasburg, 1740. Member of the Kroncli 
 Academy in 17(13; crossed to England In 1771 ; In Usowas elected an Asiodate, and in 1781 an A.uidemician of 
 the Uo.val Acidem.v. He painted laiidseapes, ettttle pieces, soiv-coast views and theatrical seenerv. He die.l at 
 Chlswick, lsl2, 
 
 Daublgny, Charles Francois iiorn at Pads 1817-18:8. ortl.erof the L.gion of Honor Pupil of 
 Dolaroche. This artist spent three > ears In Ital.\, ami has sent his pictures to nuarlv ever\ Salon since 18'J8 
 His works are very numerous, and are to be seen in the Louvre, the Luxemburg and other 'public inHtltuti..n8 
 of Frunw, 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 29 
 
 Dolcl Carlo.-Horii at Floreiico, 1010-1680. HU best works were Madonnas and Penitent Saints, which 
 wore painted witli ^n•eat delicacy and grace. .\t tlie Norwich sale, i:i 1859, his picture. " St. John writing the 
 Apucalyi.se," was sold for 52,200 francs. It was particularly warm and clear, having all the feeling usual with 
 this painter. 
 
 DeWint, Peter-~Thig di8tinguishe<l water-color painter was bom in Staffordshire in 1784. For the 
 long period of forty years, his numerous drawings formed one of the most attractive features in the Exhibitions 
 of the Old Society of Painters, in water-colors. Green meadows, corn fields, hay fields, stacks and ricks were 
 themes in which his pencil delighted. 
 
 Drummond, James, R. S. A.-nom in Edinburgh. 1816-1877, He was elected an associate of the 
 Roval Scottish Academy in 1840, and Academician in 1852. Ho was Librarian U> the Academv, and for some 
 years Curator to the National Gallery of Scotland. His " Porteus Mob," " Return of ,\Iarv (^leen of Scots to 
 Edmburgh from Carbery Hill, in 1857,- " Castle Road, Edinburgh," " Old Mint, Edinburgh," and others, are in 
 the Scottish National Gallery. 
 
 Durer, Albrecht, the most celebrated German painter of the sixteenth century, was born in Nurmber^ 
 in 1471. He was eciually distinguished as an engraver ami a sculptor. The inscription on his tomb claims for 
 him an unrivalled reputation in these branches : " Light of the Arts-Son of Artists-Painter, Engraver, Sculp- 
 tor, without example." He visited Italy in 1506, died at Nurmberg in 1528, worried to death (it is said) by his 
 wife's temper. 
 
 Dayes, Edward, waa born 1703 (British). Ho painted miniatures and afterwards practised landscape in 
 water-colors ; exhibited miniature portraits and views at the Royal Acadcm>- in 1780, and continued to exhibit 
 until Ills death, in 1804, He drew his subjects carefully and delicately in India ink, treated with taste and 
 Skill. Some of his subjects, such as " The Royal Procession to St, Paul's on the Thanksgiving for the King's Re- 
 eovery, in 178!)," and " The Trial of Warren Hastings in Westminster Hall," are crowded with figures, 
 
 Saton, 'Wyatt— Horn in Canada educated in Paris under Geromc. Has a studio in New York ainting 
 portraits and landscapes witli figures. He was the first Secretarj to the Society of American Artists" " For 
 simplicity, clearness, oignity and grace, bis picture ' Harvesters at Rest,' exhibited in the Salon in 1870, may 
 rank with the best of its kind. Perspective and atmosphere are equally good. Subject to the French painter 
 Millet, Eaton has lust none of his individuality." 
 
 Etty, ■William, R. A.- Horn at York, 1787. In 1805 he became a student of the Royal Academy, and 
 also for about twelve months was a pupil of Sir Thomas Lawrence, In 1822 he visited Italy, when he found in 
 Venice the chief attractions. He returned with many studies to Linuloii in 1824, and the following ye^r exhibited 
 his iiicture of "Pandora," for which lie wag chosen an associate of the Academy, In 1827 ho was elected an Acade- 
 mician, He died at his native place in 1841), in his sixty-tliird year, leaving considerable fortune. He was in 
 every respect one of the most distinguisheil painters of the English school, espocially excelling as a colorist. 
 Some of his pictures rival Titian's, or any of the great Veiiitians, as gorgeous displays of color. His great 
 l>ower8 were ttell displayed in the comprehensive oxhiliition of his works at the Society of .\rts Adelphi in 1841) 
 the summer only before his death ; his works oinbrace<l a large variety of sulijects. At a sale in London in 1872 
 his " Pluto carrying off Proserpine,".sold for 1000 guineas. 
 
 Fielding, Copley -Antony \andyke Copley Fielding was born in 1787; died at Brighton, 3rd March 
 1855, President of the Society of Painters in Water Colors, and principully distinguisbod as a water-c<ilor painter 
 of landscapes and sea pieces. 
 
 Francla, F. L. T.— Francois Louis Thomas Francais was born at Calais, France, in 1782. Practiced the 
 Water Color Art in London, of which he was a masterly proficient. He dieil at Calais, February, 1831). 
 
 Querclno, Glovatmi Francesco Barblerrl, commonly called .iucrcino from a cast in his eye, wa» 
 born at Cerio, near Bologna, in 151K). Ho was self taught. He S|)eiit some time at Konio, but lived chiefly at 
 C'erto until the death of Guido in 1642, when be settled in Bologna, where he died in 1000. Guercino was uii 
 imitator ol Caravaggio, In the great depth and blackness of his shadows, but upon Ins settlement in Bologna he 
 modified his nninner, endeavoring to bring It nearer to that of Ouido. 
 
 Ooodall, Frederick, R. A. Born In London in 1822. At 14 years of age he won the " Isia" Medal of 
 the Society of Arts for a drawing of Lamlicth Palace. He was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy in 1852 
 and an Auadeniluian In 1804. He is an Honorary member of the Institute of Painters In Water Colon, 
 
 Goodall, Walter Hrothcr of Frederick, excels as a painter in water-colors. 
 
 Gilbert, Sir John, R, A.— Bom 1817; self-taught. Ho first exhibited at the Koyal Actwleniy in 1838. 
 In ls72 was elected an Associate, and in 1877 an Academician. In 1852 he was elected a member of the Society 
 ol Painters In Water Colors, of which ho became President, and was Knighted by the Uueeii in 1872. 
 
30 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 Girtin, Thomas- Burn at Smithwark 1773, (lied 1802. His practice of using ccilor direct, witlmut tlio 
 iiitrodiictlim nf the grey tintini,', was a yrcat Htoji in the Water-Oolur art, nf which lie may he coiisidered as 
 ahiiost tlie founder. 
 
 Hayden, Francis Seymour Horn in London ISIS. He studied and practised medicine until 1859, 
 when, havin;; a predilection for art, he turned his attention to etchinj;. His works when exhihited received 
 hi)jh praise from both Knylish and Continental critics. His " Breakinjjr up of the A^^auienmon " and the "Calais 
 I'icr," are commended as excellent specimens of etchiuif. 
 
 Holbein, Hans or Johannes Was born at Au^sburs in )40S. About 1519 he settled in Basle, in 
 Switzerland, and there the celebrated F^r.ismus became his friend. In 1520, to escape the ill-temjier of his wife, 
 he decided to proceed to London, takini; letters from Erasmus to Sir Thomas More, who ultimately introduced 
 him to He'iry VIIL, and subseciuently he became that Kinjf's favorite ]>ainter. His works are very numenms, 
 his style is manly and correct, but hard anil formal ; the character, however, and individuality of many of his 
 portraits are exact and masterly. His masterpiece is considered to be the "Family of the Burgomaster Meyer.V 
 now in the Gallery of Dresden. He died in London, 1554. 
 
 Herring, John Frederick 
 
 in Surrey ITDo-lStio. 
 
 A painter distinguished for his animal subjects and stable life, was born 
 
 Herbert, John Eogers, R. A.- Born in Essex ISIO. He was for some years hea<l master in the 
 school of design at Somerset House. His great iiicture representing " Miwes' descent from Sinai," is said to 
 exhibit such qualities of grandeur and importance as to make a decided era in the history of historic art in 
 Great liritjiin. He was elected a Royal Academician in 184U, and a Foreign Member of the Academy of B'ine 
 Arts Institute of France. 
 
 Holland, James -Bom in Staffordshire lSOO-1870. A member of the Water-Color Society. In the 
 International Exhibition, 1862, he exhibited " The Kiallo," Venice. 
 
 Hunt, William Henry— Born in Ikilton (England) 1700. An eminent water-color painter. Student of 
 John Varley. In 1808 he was admitted a student at the Royal Academy, and afterwards contributed to it* 
 exhibitions. In 1814 he connected himself with the Water-Color .Society as ari exhibitor. In 1824 he wa» 
 elected an Associate and in 1827 a full member. From this date he became a large and constant contributor. 
 His best works are rich and harmonious in color, full of sunny nature, especially his fruit and flower subjects. 
 Mrs. Tyler in " Modern I'ainters ' says "with resjicct to this artist : He was fond of rustic life and of conunon 
 familiar things, but treated the homeliest subject with a delicate perceiition of its merits which removed it froui 
 vulgarity. His fruits and Howers were wonders of loving fidelity and ex(iuisite color." 
 
 Hawkins, L. Welden, (living artist), bom in England. Haxing gained the MMaiUc (VHoiiiwiir \mz(i 
 at the I'aris Salon, his i)ieture8 thereafter on being presented for exhibition are not subject to inspection bv tlie 
 jury of admission. 
 
 Hammond, John- Bom in Canada 1843. Studied in England, France, Holland and Italy. Exhibited 
 in I'aris Salon 1S85, and in the Uoyal Academy 1S8U. 
 
 Hills, Robert Born at Islington, lT(ii)-1844. He exhibiteil in the Royal Academy in 17!)1, and was one 
 of the six artists who met at Shelly's room in 1804, to found the Water Color .Societv ; was one of its first mem- 
 bers and a constant contributor to the exhibitions of it and the Uoyal .\cademy. As an animal painter lie sin-- 
 rounded his subjects with bits of lanilsca|)e scenery, always appro|iiiate and painted with clearness and vigor. 
 Ho souietimes worked in conjunction with Uobson and Barret. 
 
 Harding', James D. .4 distinguished landscape painter ; born at Doptford in Kent, 17n8-ISli3. Pupil 
 of Samuel I'ront ; a frc,(iuent exhibitor at Hoyal Aciulemy and the Society of I'ainters in Water Colors ; author 
 of several works on art. The Ai-tJaiinml, referring to this artist says : " Looking at him beyond the gnljeries, 
 where his pictures were exhibited, there can be no hesitation in asserting that no artist of his time has done so 
 much to create a love of landscape paiTiting, and to diffuse a right knowledge of it. He was emphatically a 
 great teacher, having a (leculiar aptitude and facility of imparting to others what he knew himself. 
 
 Ibbetson, J. C. -Julius Cicsar Ibhetson was born in Yorkshire, 175!), died 1817. The paintings of this 
 artist usually riipresent landscapes enlivened with figures. 
 
 Jutsum, Henry Bom in London, ISlO-lHd!). He for many years exhibited landscaites (with figures) 
 at the Royal Academy and British Institution. His oil painting, " The Foot Bridge," Is in the South Kensington 
 Collection. 
 
 Johnston, Eastman Bom in Maine, 1824. First studied in Dussoldorf, Huhsciiuently in Italv, I'aris 
 ai\d Holland, remaining at the Hague four years. Hetunnng to Americi he opened a studio In New York, and 
 became a member of the National Academy. He excels in the delineation of American domostic and negro life, 
 of wliich clmrttetedbllos hii works are very numerous, a few of which amy liu tnontioned : "Girls by the Stove." 
 
bioc;raphical. 
 
 r 
 
 In the 
 
 " Hard Cider," " Boyg at the Unifffod School,-' "Old Kentucky Home," "Chimney Sweep," "The Old State 
 Coach," "The Pedler," "Com Hnsl<ii)fr," "New England Hoy at Brealtfast," "The Tea I'artv," " liu-Peep," 
 etc., and of which many have been chn.nioed, litliographed, engraved and etched. "Milton dictating to his 
 I>aiighter " was exhibited in 1875, and his "The Wandering Fiddler " sold at auction in Xew V(jrk for *2375. 
 
 Koak-Koak. H.~ Borii in Holland in 1815. Two of his paintings are in the South Kensington collection. 
 
 Landseer, Sir Edwin. R. A.- liorn in London 1S02-1873 At a very early age he displayed great 
 abilities as a sketcher, and that love of the brute creation which has been di.splaved in his works. At the .South 
 Kensington Museum are shown some of those wonderfully clever drawings, executed bv him when a child of 
 from five to ten years of age. In 1810 he entered the Royal Academy, contributing at same time (when onlv 
 fourteen years of age) pictures to several of the public galleries throughout the countrv. "The Do.rs of St 
 Gothard discovering a Traveller in the Sn.,w," was painted in 1S20. From that time his suc.'css was established 
 and his popularity as an artist une(|ualled (until the day of his death) by that of anv artist in England of the 
 nineteenth century. In 1820 he was elected an Associate of the Koyal Academy, and Academician hi 1831. He 
 was knighted in 1850. He declined the office of President of the Royal Academy on the death of Sir Charles 
 Eastlake in ISW. The list of his works is very large, and many of them have been engraved. Fourteen of his 
 pictures are in the National Gallerj- in L,.ndon, including " A Dialogue at Waterloo," representing the Duk" of 
 Wellington explaining to the Marchi(.iiess of Duoro, his daughter-in-law, the incidents of the great fight vears 
 after it occurred, which is considered one of the best of the few figure pieces he has painted ; and in the Sheep- 
 shank collection of South Kensington are sixteen of his oil paintings, twelve water-colors and eight sketches He 
 died in London 1873, and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 
 Lely, Sir Peter, real name Peter A'ander Fuea, was born in Westplialia 1018. He crossed to England 
 and became the most celebrated portrait painter after \-an Dyck. His beauties at Hampton Court hine a world 
 wide reputation. He was knighted by Charles II, and became very rich Ho died in London loSO and was 
 buried in Covent Garden, where there is a monument to his memory with a bust by Gibbons. 
 
 Lalanne, Maxime -Horn at Bordeaux 1827. Member of the Academies of Bordeaux and Bnissels 
 Medals at the Expositions of Vienna and Philailelphia. Chevalier of the Legion of Honor, of the Order of Christ 
 of Portugal, and of that of St. Gregory the Great. Pupil of M. J. Giuoux, painter and engraver, and of late 
 years especially devoted to etching. Hammerton says : " No one ever etched so gracefully as .Maxini'e Lalanne " 
 His oil pictures are landscapes. 
 
 Leitch, Wm. Leighton -Bom in Glasgow, 1804. Was a member of the Institute of Painters in 
 Water Colors, and for many years its vicc-|)resiilent. He was teacher to H. M. the (^ueeii, H. R. H. the Prince 
 of Wales, and the Princess Royal (now Ii oerial Crown Princess of (Jermany), and the u'lembers of the Rova*! 
 Family, and in later years l<i H. R. H. the Princess of Wales. He died in 1883. 
 
 Mulready, William, was born at limes (Ireland) in 1780; passed to England with his parents while 
 jet a child ; became a student of the Royal Academy at the age of 14. In 1800 he first exhibited in the Acadeinv 
 and afterward,'*, until his death in 18(13. The consummate finish which characterises his later wciks evinces the 
 iiulomitablc patience of the man, and the refined and educated art faculty of the painter. In 1804 a collection of 
 his drawings and sketches were sold by auction at Christie's, where they realized extraordinarv prices for in- 
 stance, "Crossing the Brook," a study in red chalk for the picture in the Vernon collection, 105 guineas'- "The 
 Last In," a drawing in red chalk for a picture in the same collection, 300 guineas; "The Lizzanl, " .i .M-,.n|) of 
 females bathing, in a chalk sketch of a picture never executed, brought 340 guineas ; a female '•g'lnebraidiil. 
 her hair, in chalk, 140 guineas; a large painting in oil, "The Toy Seller," one of his last works, tl2i)0, and at the 
 Norwalk Sale, ls;)8, "The Wounded at Waterloo" sold for ;iO,080 francs. 
 
 Macllse, Daniel, R. A. — Born at Cork 1811-1870. Commencing as a puidl of the Cork Societv of Arts 
 he removed to London in 182s and became a pupil of the Antiiiue School of the Royal Acadeinv. In 18'U h'" 
 took the Royal Academy's gold medal for his painting, "The Choice of Hercules." In 18.'!5 lie was elected 
 Associate, and in 1840 Academician. His pictures are generally of a large size ami highly ambitions In character 
 crowded with figures, whose anatomy is admirably developed and elaborately finished in all the accessories md 
 details. He had no living rival in di-.iwing. "The Meeting of Wellington and Blucher," a grand composition 
 forty six feet long in the British Peers Gallery wag painted by this artist. 
 
 Muller, Wm. John- Horn at Bristol 1812. In 1833 ho exhibited in the Royal Aeademv. In 1S41 he 
 obtained leave to Join a government expedition to Lycia, where he did much sketching. Died at Bristol 1S45 
 
 Mackenzie, Frederick -Wns born about 1787. Exhibite.l in Royal Academy in 1804. Member of the 
 Water-Color Society. His pictures of Gothic buildings are highly esteemed for accurate drawing, perspective 
 and rich color. 
 
 Mauve, Anton -Horn at Zandam (Holland). Pupil of I'. F. Van Os. Medal at Philadelphia ExposU 
 lion. At the Cottier uale In New York, IsTs, his picture, " Pastures ia Holland," sold for vi,(>W. 
 
32 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 Moran, Thomas Rum in Lanensliire, Enj^lniul, 1S37. Crossed to Americii in 1844. He ilisplajecl 
 artistic taste lit an eiirly iv.'-o in water-color paintinj.', studyin;,' withont a master. In lS(iO lie bcfran tlie use of 
 oils, he went to Europe in lS(i2 and ajrain in ISdii, htndyiiiH: and copyiny on his first \ isit the works of Turner, in 
 London, and on his second the old masters in Franee and Italy. His two jiietures, "The Grand Canon of the 
 Yellowstone," and "The Chasm of the Colorado," were purchased hy Congress for .*10,000 each, and are now in 
 the Cajiitol at Washington. He is an Academician of the I'einisylvania Academy of Fine .\rts, and of several art 
 societies in the United States. 
 
 Millet, Jean Francois— Born at.Greville, France, 1S14-1875. Chevalier of the Lejfion of Honor, pupil 
 of Delaroche, and friend of Corot, Unpre, Diaz, and Theodore Uousseau. Pastoral life are the prevailing charac- 
 teristics of his works. His i>ictures "The Clmrcli at Gre\ ille," (for which 12,000 francs were paid after his death), 
 "The Bathers," and a nmnber of desij^ns in pencil, crayon, and pen-drawin(f are now in the Luxembourg. 
 Duriuf,' his professional life he executed only about eiffhty pictures, but bo left numerous designs and studies in 
 different stiiffes of execution. His " L'Antrelus " was lately sold for about 250,000 francs, and at the Jlorjfan sale 
 in New York "GatherinH' Beans" brought .*<),300, "The Churner" !i«,000, "The Spinner" $14,000, "Gathering 
 Apjiles" .'?2,!J7.">, " Shepherdess and Sheep" $1,025, and others proiiortionate prices. 
 
 Morland, George -Bom in London 17(i;MS04. studied in the Royal Academy ; first produced land- 
 seajtes, but afterwards made a si>ecialty of subjects with domestic animals. 
 
 Mason, George H., A. R. A.— Bom in Staffordshire. Died 1872. He became an artist while still a 
 young man. Kxhibited in the Koyal Academy, and was elected an Associate in 18«i). in 1872 he exhibited his 
 admirable picture the "Harvest Moon." 
 
 Macbeth, R. W., A. R. A.- Bom in Glasgow 1S4S. He was elected an Associate of the Society of 
 Painters in Water Colors in ls71, exhibited there and in the Koyal Academy pictures generally (jciirc in character 
 and relating often to modern life. 
 
 Michel AngelO Buonarotti— The greatest master of til arts of design, wh has appeared since the 
 days of Phidias, was born in the Castle (jf Caprese, in Tuscany on the (ith March, "■|474. Grandeur of con- 
 ception is the quality which distinguishes bis works from those of all other artists who have apiieared in modem 
 times. Whether he excelled most in painting, in sculjiture, or in architecture, it would not be easy to deter- 
 mine. He has left the noblestsiiccimens of human genius in each department of art. He is the Milton of artists. 
 Things beyond the visilde diurnal sphere were within the range of his iiwaginatioii ; and when be stooiisto earth, 
 he invests nature with an ideal grandeur and majesty. His boys are men, his men are a race of giants ; his 
 devils are the evil spirits of Dante and Milton made visible, and his angels are the offspring of the sky. The 
 Sistine Chapel is allowed to lie the most finished work of art in the world ; ami its perfection is owing chiefly to 
 Michel Angelo's divine paintings. The whole wall behind the altar is covered by his jiieture of "The Last 
 Judgment ;" the vaulted ceiling represeiits the creation of the world, and around it are lu-ophcts and sybils. In 
 the sublime painting of "'ilie Last Judgment," terrible power Is Its predominating feature. The good and the 
 had, angels and devils, crowd the scene, and Christ is reiiresented in the act of judging, or rather of condemn- 
 ing. His complete knowledge of anatomy, which he constantly studied, enabled hiir. to represent in the most 
 lierfect manner the human figure in every possible attitude, and to express pain and desiiair through all their 
 gradations. His other pictures exhibit the same daring sublimity of conception and jiower of execution. The 
 Church of St. Peter's at Rome (the most magnificent Christian Temple on earth), is the greatest triumph of his 
 architectural talents. In sculpture, his statue of Moses is universally acknowledged to be the noblest monument 
 <if his genius, displaying, more than any other of his numerous works in this department of art, all the great 
 (inalitics of his mind ; he was also an author, and excelled both in verse and prose. He died through a slow 
 fever on the 17th February, 150H, in the eighty-ninth year of bis age. 
 
 Millais, John Everitt R. A.— Born in Southampton, 1820. He is considered to be the leading por- 
 trait painter n<iw in Kngland, receiving, it Is said, as much as tw.i thousand guineas for a single full leni'th 
 likeness. With .Janies Collinsoii, 1>. G. Rosetti, Holman Hunt, with a few more (in IS.W or earlier), he founded 
 an Association called "The Brotherhood of the pre-ltiiphaelites," which was the foundation of what is now 
 known as the " Pre-Raiihaelite School of Painting," in Kngland, whose principal theory of action, it is said, is a 
 rigid adherence to natural forms and effects, in contradistinction to the style cif remlering of any particular Art 
 .School. When only nine years of age he received a medal from the Society of Arts, Two years later he entered 
 the Royal Academy, gaining two silver medals. In IH.W he was elected an associate, ami in 1804 an Academeeian 
 of the Royal Academy. His picture, " The Bride of Lammermoor," was sold for t;3,000. 
 
 Nasmyth, Patrick (Christened Peter) -Born in Edinburgh i7S7-i8;ii. His works are much 
 esteemed, the Landscapes being remarkable for their truth to nature. It was his practice to paint np<in 
 unbleached paper, using water-colors, the desirability of wliich bis experience had established. He painted with 
 his left hand, bis right having been injured when a yuutli. His pictures, "A Gypsy Camp in the Woods at 
 Leigh," sold at the Norwalk sale, ISOi), for 18,'.)00 francs, and at the Gillott sale, lh72, "The Frith of Forth'" 
 iirougiu 1,070 guineas. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 OJ 
 
 Nicholson, Francis - Born in Yorkshire, 1773. Was (.no »l the fnnnclers of the Water Color Societ.v. 
 His siil>jects were cliiefty nisliliijf streiinis, water falls and shipwrecks. Died in London, 1S44. 
 
 Nash, Frederick -Bom nt Lambeth 1782. He first e.xhibited in the Koyal Academv, and continued to 
 do so up to 1847. He was a member of the Watcr-t'olor Societ.v. His chief e.thibited works' were views in I'aris 
 and Versailles, and his best examples are French in their chief characteristics. Died at BriKhton IS.'iU. 
 
 Ommeyanck, Balthaser Paul -Bom at Antwerp 17.^.-1820. An admirable painter of lan.Iscapes 
 and animals, espcoiall.v sheep and Koats, his works were much s(m^'ht durin- his life and are since increased in 
 value ; he depicts nature with ureat tru;hfulness, and it is often easy to tell the season of the year, and even the 
 hour of the day which he represents in his works for the manner in which he re).roduces the smallest character- 
 istics (.f the scene he paints. His works are in the Louvre, Brussels and Casscl (talleries, the Chateau of 
 Wilhelnishie, itc, &c. He was the master of Verboeckhoven. 
 
 Pugin, Augustus, R. A. -Born in France 1782. Crossing- the Channel he became a student of the 
 Royal Academy, f(.llowed by his l.einf,' made an As.sociate and afterwards an Academician. He became fani..us 
 through hist drawinjfs of cathedrals and other important buildinifs. 
 
 Poole, Paul Falconer, R. A. This very able and orij{inal painter was horn at Pristol in 1810-1870. 
 Studied without a master, and in none of the estaldished seh.u.Is. His first picture "The Well- a Scene at 
 Naples," was exhibited in the K(.yal Academy in I8;«). In 184H he astonished the w..rld with a picture grandly 
 cnceived and masterly in executi(.n illustrative of an incident in the history <.f the (ireat IMague of London ; 
 this was followed by another picture of startling, though i«unfid, interest, "The .Moors Beleagured by Spaniaids 
 in Valencia." These two pictures established his merit as a painter of high and inventive genius. " His idjllic 
 pictures are \ory numerous. In 1840 he was electeil an Associate and in 18,^.1 a K(.yal Aciulemician. He died 
 in ls7!). 
 
 Prout, Samuel Born at Plymouth 178r)-18.52. He was a member of the Society of Painters in Water 
 Colors and contributed lai-gely t(. its exhibitions. He t\irned his attention particularly to architectural drawing!!, 
 and his works were very jiopular and are still higldy prized by c(.llectors. 
 
 Pyne, James Baker Born at Bristol 1800-1870. He exhibited at the Royal Academy, British Institu- 
 tion and Society of British Artists. In 183!) he became a mend.er of the Society of British Artists and afterwards 
 its Vice-President. 
 
 Payne, William Bom in Plymouth. He was an Associate and an exhibitor in the Water-Color Society 
 He ceased to exhibit after 1813. 
 
 Poussin, Nicholas-Horn at Andclys, in Normandy, l.".!»4-l(i(i.S. He first studied with Varin, then witli 
 XiclK.las Duchesne. In ](i24 he went to Konie and entered the scImm.I of Hominichiiio. His style was formed 
 by the stmly of the antiipie and of Raphael. Tlie Seven Sacraments, of which he painted tw(. series (both now 
 in Kngland), are among his most important works. His " Itacchaualian Dance," a masterpiece is now in the 
 National (lallery, London. 
 
 Poussin, Gasper-Born at Rome Itil3-l(l7'.. His real name, fiasper Dughet, NiclK.las Ponssiu liav- 
 Ing married his sister, he took bis name. He showed .so nnicli tiuste for landsca].e painting that Nicholas 
 k'll him t(. that especially. 
 
 Richardson, Thomas M.-Born at Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1784-1848. Passing along the Strand one 
 du,\ while on a visit to London, he saw in a shop window a drawing by David (.lox, which he very nuich wished to 
 possess, but his tinances would not allow him t . pay the price demanded— twenty guineas, lie consei|ncnlIy 
 returned U. the window and studied the |.lcture for a full hour. The sight of this drawing determined his future 
 '•areer. As a landscape painter he attained considerable reputiition ; his conception was yood and execution 
 bold, origijial and true to nature, and his arrauyenient and treatment of arlel perspective were eminently suc- 
 cessful. 
 
 Robson Geo. Fennel. -Horn at Durham, 17i)0-18;i,i. He exhibited i]i the R..yal Academv, and, in 1.^14, 
 lie was elected a ineniber of the Water Color Society, of which he became an enthusiastic supporter, sending in 
 during the 111 years after his election 020 pictures. For a time he lived in the same house and worked with 
 Robert Hills. 
 
 Rowlandson. Thomas- Born in London, 17.10-1827. In 177.". he exhibited "Delilah \isits Samson in 
 Trison," lie illustrated tlic well known "Tour oT Dr. .Syntax," and other works. 
 
 Rubens, Sir Peter Paul -The most eminent of the Flemish painters, was born at either Antwerp or 
 Cologne ill l'i77. .After speinling seven years in Italy visiting the most valuable collection of paintinus and aii- 
 ticpic statues with which that country abounds, he returned Ut Antwerp, thence, on the invitation of .\Iarle de 
 .Medici, (iueeii of Henry IV. of France, he pnn-ceded to Paris, where he painted tb.' galleries in the Palace of 
 
r.IOGRAPlIICAL. 
 
 LuNenil,o,„-ff. Tlit.so form a scrios of paintiutrs wlikh ,lflineate the Mstnvy .,f tl.ut I'lhiuess, an.l affoitl a convincii,.' 
 proof l,ow well quaimed he was t.. excel in allt-ori.-a! an.l unil.len.atical compositi,.!,. Procee.liii.- to Ki.Mand on 
 a.lK.litical n.ission, in which he was succossfnl, Charles I., who then fillcl the liritish throne, havinir eni{a-e,l 
 h in to paint some of the apartn.cts of White Hall, not (,nly gave him a hu-e sum of n.onev hut, as an aeknowl- 
 oJsement of his merit, create,! him a kni-ht. He possessed all the ornaments and advantages that render a 
 a man worthy to he esteemed or courted, an,l was always treate.l as a person of conse.p.ence. His figure was 
 nohle, lus manners eitgaging, an,l his conversation lively. His learning was universal ; his genius qualified him 
 
 to excel m cverytlnng that can enter into the compositi .f a picture. His works are extren.elv numerous 
 
 and I IS said to he remarkable the contrast hetwecu the .lelicate an.l elah..rately finished portraits of his earlv life 
 and the l.ol.l master pieces .>f his later years. He gave his clors the utmost ti-ansparencv an.l harm.mv, and he 
 possessed a strength and gran.leur ..f style which were entirely his own. His pencil is mdh.we.l, his sin.kes are 
 hoi. and easy. Ins carnation gl..ws with life, au.l his drapery is simple, hut grand, hroa.l and hung with much 
 skill. He .lied at Antwerp In 1040, possesse.l .if great wealth. 
 
 RoloffS, W.-A distiiiguishcl recipient .,f gold me.lals at The Hague an.l Antwerp ; a chevalier of the 
 LeKUin .if Honor, etc, etc. 
 
 Raphael (or Raffaelle) D'UrbinO The greatest, must sublime an.l most excellent painter that has 
 appearc, smce he revival of the fine arts, was boru at rrhiuo in 1482, The I'.ipes Julius H au.l Le<. X, who 
 emp„ye.l bun, loa.led him wealth an.l honor. His genius is a.ln.ire.l in all his pictures ; his c.mtours are free 
 his .lesigns correct Ins figures elegant, his expressi.m lively, his attitudes natural, bis heads graceful, in fin! 
 everyt ling is gran, 1 beautiful, just, natural, and a,l„riie.l with grace. rhe.,e vari.ms perfections he dei ved not 
 ..nl from his excellent abi ities, but from his stu.ly of aiiti.,uity and anatomy, an.l fr.,iii the friendship which he 
 coil lactcl with Armsto wh., e.,ntrihuted not a little to the impn-vement .,f his taste. His pictures are to be 
 oun.l principally lu Italy and ■„ Paris. That of the Transfigurati.,,, preserved at Rome in the fliurch of S 
 eter in Mont.iri.s (said to have been fouu.led by Constaiitinc near the sp.,t where St, Peter «a3 crucified) passes 
 ,,r us mas enuecc. Uaphael had a ba„.ls„iiie person, was well proportions an.l ba.l great sweetness of te i p " 
 he «asp.,lite affable an.l moilest. Nevertheless he lived in the utmost splen.lor ; most of the eminent mas e,^ 
 o his line were ambitious of working uii.ler him ; ami he never went out without a crowd of artists and "he s 
 wh..followe,l hiui pure y from respect. He was not .,nly the best painter in the world, hut perhaps the L 
 aivhi.ec t.,o, on which ace.mnt Leo X eharge.l him with buil.ling St, Peter's Church Ron, ; bu he as to, 
 much a,l,licte,l to pleasure, which nccsioncl his death at the early age of thirty-seven. 
 
 Reinagle, Richard Ramsay, R. A, -Born irr.viso-., n. 1S07 he became a member and for a time 
 treasurer of the \N ater-CoIor .Society. In 1814 he was electcl an Associate an.l in 1823 a R.,yal Aca.le.iiiciln. 
 Reynolds Sir Joshua P. R. A. -B.,rn in Devonshire 172:i-ir02. After spen.ling three vears in Itilv 
 
 S i"f TT\ : ""'T-' "" '"" """'''"■ '" '■'''"^"^'' "■ '^"^''""'- "■•-- -"" ^^f'---'-" -e w -cki^ ' 
 leilged to he the best portrait painter in that c nmtrv sine, the ,lavs of Van Dvke If,, w,. ..1.., i n «. 
 
 l.eside.,t of the H„.U Academy on its format in U.s, ami soon a^er th^ k;,?.:;:;., tl i.: Mm' , I m 
 
 ;!.":: '"n z f^rT"''^"'" ":""^^^' ^^"" "^ "-^ •""^•> ^'^ "^"'^"-' '--"'- '--"-"■'; 
 
 (.toige HI. It «,,s bis cu.st,mi to rcceue six sitters ,laily, and at the height of his success he was aceu tome,l to 
 panit a portrait in tour hours, aiul is sai,i to have painte.l more than l„.no portniits of the beau fu w, ?■ , 
 eminent men of his time besides many bistori.al an,l fancy subjects. He ,lied in L.nidon 17..2, a 1 w m 
 with great p,mip m St. Paul's Cathe.lml. where a momm.cnt by Klaxnmn is erected t.. his mem.,n 
 
 Rembrandt Van Rhyn. Paul-..,,.,. ,. „„. mo.t ..elcbratd painters and engravers of the Dutch 
 1. ol, was born near Ley.len in „;0.;. He was nns.er of all th.t relates to coloring, .listributioi, of i ,h , 
 shade, ami his management „f the pencil was mastcrlv and mn.pic, possessii,.- an euer-v ■„„1 ..«..; i i 
 m, other ..Unter. His etchings ,„,ssess a won.lerful freclom, L:mty and l,::^:,::^^ ti^:',^' 
 He resi.le.1 the greater part ,.f bis life in Amstenlam, using bis baiulsoiue wife as •, mo,l..l If "^"•"•'''l"^- 
 
 «.s n.atiable, s.. tl.U he live.l like a beggar ai„l .Icscemled to the mcaii;ul;:;;';;;;:L,' ZT ^Z 
 m 1(),4, or, according to some a,vount,s, in lii88. 
 
 Scheffer, Ary Horn at Dordrecht im.Vls.v, Otti.er .,f the I e..i.,n of II , ir . • 
 
 f..r the .rleans family, am. assisted I.nis Philippe into ,h.. ,.„ 1:1 ti:^ , 1 j ar " .lltt Ti-nj;;"^ i "^ 
 
 848, A, «,.t he painte,. small „.„. subjects, afterward. s,.enes from the Lrks of ^^^^ ^T^Z^ 
 
 the Salon in 183a were his crowning works in this ,lepartiiicnt. Later he ,levote,l himself t,;religi,,iil 1,1^^^^^ 
 Smith, Collingwood l-ivinit m-tist ,>f n.ite. 
 
 Sarto, Andrea Vannuchi (called Del), the most .ILstinguishd painter of the Tuscan school was 
 iMirii 111 Florence 1488, ilie.l 1,530. losuiii scn,i,>i, Mas 
 
 Stanfleld Clarkaon. R. A,-H,,rn at Sun,lerlaii,l in 1703-18«r Hrouirht no to .1, 
 complete nautical kiiowlc.ge which characterizes his works. He exbibitd ^l 'l;,;:.'^::;:? ' i:;^" 
 
15F0(;rapiiical. 
 
 35 
 
 <<], WilS 
 
 from which ilutu he was well considered, and became sii dl.stln,'iiished as ti> lio sl..!cd the Englisli V.iiidurveUle. 
 Kuskin says : "One work of StanfieldM presoMts iis witli ;u much concentrated knuwledfje of sc:i and sUy, as 
 ililuted, WduldhaveliiHtedany of theold niiisleraliis lifetime." Ho also praises liis "sdt serviceable unsenti- 
 iiiental sea " aj " thoroUKldy ffood." He was elei'ted .m Assin-iate in ls;i2 and a Itoyal Academican in IsH.'i. He 
 travelled extensively on the Continent, paintiny' many landscapes, Imt Ins most .sucvcssfnl works were bis marine 
 views, many of wbicli have lieen en'trave^l. His pictnres are very popular and connnand bi-b prices : for instance, 
 at a sale in F.ondon, in 1872, bis picture " The .M.iri:iny after the Wreck," brontrht i,»)') '.'uincis, ami at the sale 
 of the Dickens c(dlection, in 1S71, a tlnjusand ','nlneMs were -iveu fi>r a View of Eddvstone Li-btliouse. a scene 
 painted by Stantield in the course of a few hours. His " Hattlc of Trafal-ar" was painted for the Tinted Service 
 Club. 
 
 Smith, Hald-Horn in Norway. Kminent as a painter. Was decorated in 18?4 l)y the Kinj,' 
 and Sweden with the Order of St. Olaf, and in Iss:. was made a Chevalier of the Order of Charles III. 
 
 of \(trvvav 
 of Spain. 
 
 Shirlaw, Walter- Horn in Scotland, lav. His professional life has been spent in Chicago, Munich 
 (Bavaria), and New Vork, studying' for some years in Munich under eminent men of the various schools in that 
 city. He is an Acadeinican of the Chicaf,'o .Vcadcmy of Desiifn, an Associate of tlie National Academy, New 
 York ; also one of the oriffinal niendicrs and the lirst I'rcsident of tlie Society of Anieric;ui Artists. 
 
 Turner, Joseph Mallord Wilham-Was bom in London ITTri-lSni. rnaidcd by instruction from 
 any master he obtained, at the aue of fourteeii, admission as a student into the Royal Academy. The t^.dl.nvin','- 
 year he became an exhibitor. His elaliorate drawin;{s soon procured a public reco;fnition of his talents. Ho 
 was elected an Associate of tlie Koyal Academy in INIO and an Acadeniiuian in lsO-2. He was thus for fifty years 
 line of the most ilistin,i!Uished members of that institution ; and after a life of almost unrivaled success, and an 
 industry unsurpassed, this f^reat landscape painter died unmarried, and under an assumed name, in mi obscure 
 lodging at Chelsea, Irtth Ueecmber, 'bol. He was, however, buried by the side of Sir .loshua Keynolds, in the 
 crypt of St. I'aul's Cathedral. His larye fortune, both in pictures and funded property, he bei|ueatned to the 
 British nation : his pictures, however, under the condition that tlie uovernment provide a suitable dwelling for 
 them within ten years, and his funded property toward the estalilishment of an institution for the benefit of 
 decayed artists. His works are very numerous in ail his styles. He exhibited in the Koyal Academy aliout 300 
 pictures, which, however, constitute but a verj small portion of his works. 
 
 Titian, or Tiziano Vacellio— one of the ^^reatest of Italian painters, and the i>riiice of colorists and 
 portrait painters, was born in tlie territory of Venice in 1477. He studied in the schools of Bellini, first with 
 ('.entile and afterwanls witli Giovanni, with whom he was follow pupil with tiiiu'ifione, Ins future rival. Titian 
 Hrst appeared as a ),'reat painter at the Court of Alfonso I., Diike of Ferrara, in ir)14, when he painted the 
 " Bacchus and \riadne," now in the National (iallery, [..ondipii ; two years later he hail attained to the full \ ijor 
 of his extraordinary powers ; in that year he e\ecnte 1 his celebrate. 1 "Assumption of the Virgin," now in the 
 Academy of \'enice. Charles V. of Spain haviii].;- conferred upon him the |iatent of nobility, ereatiiii; him Count 
 Palatine of the l';nipire and KniLiht of the Order of St. lajfo, In; is suppost'd to h ive visited Spain, which country 
 (after Venice) is extremely rich in his masterpieces. The (iallery of the Prado at Madrid sliows an extensive 
 display of his works. This eminent painter died at Venice .if the planue in 1570, having- lived to tiie extraor- 
 dinary age of pinety-iiine years. 
 
 Tayler, Frederick— Horn in 1S04. Kirst a pupil of the Ifoyal Academy 
 and I'aris. In Is.'iO he wa.s made a member, and in 1857 President of the Sociery 
 Hunting,' scenes appear to lie his favorite studies. 
 
 Teniers, David (the younger). -I Join at Antwerp 1010-10!»4. The most eminent gcniv painter of 
 Belgium. He was instructed by his father, and was very much influenced by Kubens. Tlie Vienna (iallery has 
 a work of his which represents tlie wall of a room luniy with fifty pictures, imitatiny; those of Italian masters, 
 with the I'ainter and the Archduke couversinH' in the forej,'ronnd. Another at Sclileisshcim (tlnrteeii and a half 
 feet by ten), shows l,l:i8 fijjures ; others have from ir>i) to 300 figures. His pictures .sell for \ cry larne sums and 
 are in all large giilleries. 
 
 Thompson, Elizabeth (now Mrs. lUitler), was horn l!544. As a child this artist evincoMl a decided 
 •aste for drawing soldiers and horses ; entered the South Kensington schools ; painted for some years as an ama- 
 teur, and did not exhibit in imblic until 1873, when she sent to the Itoyal Academy " .Missing." a picture which 
 attracted great attention. In 1,S74, she exhibited her famous "Roll Call," (purchased liy the (^Mieen.) which 
 :u;hieved a popularity for itself and its painter almost without precedent in the histor\ of art in Kn;.4a:ii. In 
 1877, "The Ueturn from Inkerman " was exhiliited and purchased for t300i) In the Fine Art Society ot London, 
 lu water calors Miss Thanipson liaa painted "On Unty," ".\ Trooper of the Scots (Jrays," "Scots Cirajs Ad- 
 vancing," " Cavalry at a (iaiop," and many others of a military type, both in oils ami water colors. 
 
 Uwlns, Thomas, R. A. — Horn in London, 178'i-l>S.')7. He began life as an engraver, entering the 
 .schools of the Koyal .\cadeiny. Later ho devoted himself to oil ami water-color painting In Isll be became 
 
 afterwards studied in Italy 
 )f Painters in Water Colors. 
 
IJIOCRArillCAL 
 
 Seorotary of the Society ..f Painters in Water ('(ilnrsi, (■•mtrilnitinir to its exliiliition for niimy ye'.rs. He ««■< 
 eleoteil Associate of tlie Royal Academy in 1S;W, .m tiie strenntli of liig "Interi.ir of a Saint Maniifactory at 
 Naples." In ISHO, lie was ma.le an Acadeniican. He was keelier of tlie National (iallery from 1»47 to is,'):), ami 
 for some time Lilirarian to the Hoyal Acailemy ( if the loj pictni'es which Iil- exliihiteil in the Koyai Ae»ideni.\ 
 (lurinyhis lifetime, three if the most important aie In the National liallery. 
 
 Vander Heyde (or Heyden), Jan, was horn in Holland l(i;i7-i;i-2. His pictures are architectural. 
 rci>resentin),' well-knov n Dutch huildin-s, palaces, chuiches, \c., ..r the canals of Dutch towns, with houses oi'i 
 their borders. He tinished his works with ^reat cire, the fi;,'ures in which bein;; usually inserted by Adrian 
 \andevelde and Kfrlon \'anderneer. Sir Uobert Tcel paid iV, Lruineag for "A Street Scene in C'olopie " on a 
 panell.'i \ 17 inches. "The view of a Market Hall," on a panel l!i\-J3 inches, in Lord Ashhurton's collection, 
 InouL'ht Ktm. At the Delessart sale, l^iii), " A (.'ity Scene in Hidland " sold for €l,(iOO, and at a sale in Paris, 
 Is"!, "The Chateau ' bronuht tiiiW. 
 
 Vandevelde, Adrian-Horn at Amsterdam lii:!!i-li;72. This remarkable painter and etcher was a pupil 
 of ,lan Wynants. In similar subjects to those painted by Paul Potter he ranks alm.ist as hij;h as that artist. 
 In landscapes he was one of the -reatest artists, and his etching's almost eipial his paintings. He painted many 
 ti-ures and animals in the pictures of other artists, and yet he executed 1S7 pictures and -2(1 plates in his short 
 artistic life. His iii.turcs are seen in all continental ifallories and (|uite a nunilwrare in Emjland. In 1S41 IJaroii 
 Kothschild paid tllT. stcrlin- for an impression of No. .'li etchin- which had been sold in 17(i3 f.ir tW. 
 
 Vinci, Leonardo da- Was born at Vinci, near Florene . in 14rv.>. He became the pupil of Andrea 
 \cr.icchio. In 148;i he established an academy of the arts iit Milar., and about ten years later executed his cele- 
 brated picture of the " La'^t Sujiper," in oil colon,, on the wall of the Hefect..ry. in the convent of the .Vadonm 
 • Iflh' Umzie in that city ; there is a copy of this remarkable work by Marco DOu'uione, now in the Koyaj 
 Ac-ademy, London. Leonardo left Milan in 14;«) and returned to Florence ami there eonuneneed his trreat com- 
 pisition of the "Uattle of the Standard," for the eonncll hall in the Palazzo Vecchio. (in the in\itationof 
 Kraneis I he removed to France when about seventy years of aife, the journey and chaukre of climate brought on 
 ■Ml illness which terminated in death at Fontaiuhleau in l.llil, .lyin-in the arms of the kin«-. Leonardo da 
 Vinci has the most remarkable reputation ,,f „iiy of the illustrious artists .,f Italy. He was a man of univei-siil 
 aliility in science and art, he excelled in pamtiii-, sculpture, archilectnre, cn^fiiieerin- and mechanics ifeiierally, 
 in botoiiy, anatomy, mathematics, and astronomy ; aii.l he was also a poet and an a<lmirable extempore pJr 
 former .m the lyre. While at .Milan, by re.inest of the Duke (Lewis Sporza), he constructed the fain.ms 
 a.|ueduct that supplies the city ..f .Milan with water from the Hiver A.Ida -JOo miles distant. Some ..f hix 
 paintiiiifs are to be seen in Kniiland and other countries, but the jrreatest part of his works are in Florence and 
 France. 
 
 Vernet, Joseph Claude- Horn at Avivnon 17sll.lS(i3, An eminent artist. He was commissioned hy 
 Louis .W. fpaiiil the seaports ot France, ..f wliieli tifleeii arc now in the L.mvre. His Italian seaports and 
 ^ lews near Home an,l Tiv.ili are anion, his best pictures " The Castle of St. An-elo " is in the Hrltish National 
 (Iallery. 
 
 Vernet, Emlle-Jean Horace- Was bom in Paris 17«i»-lS(fl Member ot the institute 1>'(1 Director 
 of the French Aca.lemy at Home Lv.'s. (Jrand (Mhccr of (be Le:;i..ii ..f Honor. At fifteen vears of a-e this artist 
 «iw able to support himself by the sale of bis draw In-s. His talents were wreath devoted to military .subjects 
 In IMili the Kim; ordered the palace at Versailles to be used as an Histori.d Museum. In it a lartfe tjallerv whh 
 subseMUe,ill> torn.ed, called the (.rand (iallery .,f Katies, and set apart for ,, display of the larjre eanvasses hy 
 tins artist, illustr.itin- French \ ietories and Comiuests. He Is xuid to paint a head in five minutes, a whole 
 nilperial faiiill> in ten mimites, and an lii.storical picture in twenty, and all three with tjlleilt and skill. 
 
 Vandyke, Sir Anthony, i celehrate.l painter, was 1,0,11 at Antwerp In l.VtlV .Xftcr 'iviiiK earlv proofs 
 ofhlsueniiishebecameth,. iliselpleofibeilhistrioiis Itiibeiis, b, whose a.hh'e he |.roceeded'to Italy about the 
 year UL'l, hav Im: spent a short time m Home, he removed to Venice where he attained the beautiful' eolorlnir ol 
 
 Titian, Paul \ enmese and the Venetian Set 1 .\ftcr a few umr- he returne.1 to Flanders, where It was e..ii- 
 
 sidered he had no ,.,ual as a p..rtrait pnMiter, but tlndiutf a fortune was not to be made In his o.vn eounlrv he 
 borrowed a few uninei.s from Teniers and pn.eeeded to Knifland fu.nlshed « ith letters of ixvomnieiidation ' His 
 
 superior tfenius soon h.uuifht him int.. ureat repulat he ex.elle.l In p..rtralls whi.h he .lre« with an In.'.m 
 
 .elvahle fiu'liity ami f..r which he ohlalne.l hitfh pri.es. He so„n f..un.l himself loa.hnl „||| ,., ,,„i ,i,.,„,„ 
 
 he dle.l In llla.'kfiiars 1.141 at the .arlv aj,.. ..f forlv-lno, an.l «», buri...l in St. Paul s Cathed.-al near the t I. oi 
 
 John of (iaui.t. 
 
 Vanderverlde, Wm.-H.im at Am.ter.lam. ItWS-lTo:, Thin nrl.st -t ,n,ls ilrst amo,, - Dm, h Marhu 
 i'ainters, r.pi.-entinK- the sea un.ler all it. .hatitfes ..f sf.rm aii.l .aim with the i,lm...t tnilhf.ilnes. Ho wan 
 partl.ailarh familiar with every r..|<>. an.l i.ll the minute .llfferen.cs in the v„ri,,i„ kin.ls ,,f v, s.els 'l|is,erial 
 perspective, hi, 11^1.1 cl..i..ls, an.l all his atnio.phcr;.. ellect, aiv pi.nncs.pu^ an,| pur., in b din- His w,.rks 
 
UIOCRAl'IHCAI. 
 
 o7 
 
 at-canling t.i Smith, number 320, aiul are mostly in llollam' ami Ensluml, very fow Iniviii- heoii alluwe.l tc loiuo 
 tliose t'lmntries. 
 
 Varley, John.-Hum at Ilatkuey, 1778-lSi:. All eniiiioiit i)aiiiter in water colurs, and one of the fouii- 
 .lers of the OM Water-Color Society in ISO:.. He eon.niemed practice in the early diys of the water-color art 
 hi Kn-laml, and out of all hi;, cnlle^i-iics of that period none pursued it in itr, aimiilieity more eonseientiously, or 
 with more successful results. He is said t.. have surpissed i.i this respect e^en Turner and Oirtin. 
 
 Wheatley, Francis, E. A.-iiorn in London i74!)-i7i)i. 
 
 Whistler, James Abbot McNeil-Was ln.rn in I, iwell, Mis<., Is:i4 Hj h is e^liibitjd his works at 
 the Hoyal Academy, the Dudley and (irosveriior .,'ill,Ties, tiic I'.iris Salon an 1 at the Ha;fue, Has lieeu the 
 recipient of several medals, iHirin- his career hu his heeii in the habit of eteliin,', a clleetiou of which is in the 
 Jjihrary of Her Majesty at Windsor, and another collection is in the British Museum. 
 
 West, Bei?jamln, P. R. A.-IJorn at Sprin,'lleld, I'emnylvania, I7:i3-lS2.1. He wis .me of the oriirinal 
 members <.f the Royal Aca<leniy, and succeeded Sir .losliua itcyiiolds (who was it-, fli.-t presi.lent; in 17;iu'. He 
 c.vhihiteil 24'J pictures at the U.iyal Academy in '.0 ycir-i. He w,is buric.l in St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 
 Wllkie, sir David, R. A.-A painter of distim^uishe.l merit, was b..rn in I'ifcshire, Scotlan.l, in 
 ns.'i, liem.ivcd t.i L..nd..n in Isd."., and s.i.m attra.'te.l attenti.m to his earliest ert'.M-t-i, his career ..f fame 
 conmienciu- with his "Villav'e I'.iliticians," " iilin.! Ki.ldler, • "Kent Day." et ■ His reputati.m wius n.iw 
 established, and in ISll he was niude a r...yal Aca.lcini.ian, fr.im which peri.i.l he rcH-ilarly pr.uluce.l, and as 
 reuularly s.ilil at inereivsinu' prices, his most celebratc.l pictures, of which may be menti.ine I " l)istiMiniii;f for 
 
 'l«"t. I'lH' Penny We.ldiiij.)' " lilinil Man's liiilf, Hie Villajfc Kestival" (n..w in the \ati..ual (Jallery), "The 
 
 Ueadinj,' .f the Will," ami "Chelsea Pensioners rea.liiiy the (iazeUe .if the Hittle ..f Watorlo ., ' painteil in ls23 
 f.ir the Duke ..f Welliiifit.in for i:i2uO. In 1S30, .in the death of Sir Th.imas Uwrence, he was appointe.t prin- 
 cipal painter in .mliiiary t.i Ge.ii'Ke IV, wlmsu p.irtrait in the Hiifhlaiid e.stume, an 1 " His .Majesty's Ue.eiilii.ii 
 at Holvr.io.l Il.)UHe," he was then .iccupie.l in painting On the accession ..f William IV, the Koyal favor was 
 eontinue.l t.i him ami he was kniKhte.l in l*iU. (^nicMi \lct.irla li.mored him witii sittin^fs foi his splen.lld 
 pieture of Her .Majesty's "First duncil," an.l by the i,ineen's commanil be went t . tlic Turkish cipit;il to paint 
 the p.irtrait of the Sultan, on his return .m lio.ird the Diiental steamer, after t .mhin.' at .Malta an.l liibraltar, 
 he was taken BU.hlenly ill an.l die.) in (iibrallar Itay. .luiic 1, l>.41, a/c.l .",.i, his Imdy lieiii;{ cimmitted to tlie 
 ileep, the ti.ivernir .if (iibraltar refusing to allow it to be lan.h'il for burial. 
 
 Westall, R., R. A.-Horu at Heivf.vr.l in 17(1.".. In 17:»2 li.' was ele.ti.'.l an Asso.'iate, an.l in 17ll» a K.iyal 
 Aeiidemician. In IHIH the llritish Insiituti.m piiri'liasnl bis " Klijali Kestoi-in^- the Wi.lm^s Son to life ' f.ir 
 4:i0 Buineas. His last employment was siviiiii less.uis to the Princess Victoria wh.i is now ruler .if the Uritish 
 Kinpire. 
 
 Ward, James, R. A.-Horn in t-..nil..n 17011-1 S.M>. He t.>.ik to animal pulntlnir. In which he attalne.l 
 jjroat eminence. Smne of his pictures arc like .M..rl.in.rs in manner, hut hi stu.l.i of anatomy im.ler llrooks ifavo 
 him.p.iwer to realize w.irks of a much hiuher cluuMctcr. He was electe.l an AHS.ciatc ..f the U.iyal Aca.lemy in 
 lt)U7 and an Academician in 1811. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 The fulliiwinj,' binKriiiiliicMl notes toiuliiiiif uiiiinunt artists iiuiileiiUillv iiieiiticiied in tlie precedinjt pai^t'K 
 limy imivo ..f interest to some persons in eonneetion witli tlie use of tlie Ciitiilov'ue. 
 
 Alma-Tadema, Laurenz. R. A.-l!orn in West Krieslaml, Holliinil, 183(1. In 18r>2 lie entered the 
 Antwirp Ai-nieni.v of I'iiie Arts, stii(l,\ ina umler Iavs. In 187(1 went to l.onilon, wliere lie still lives. In 1873 he 
 
 was creiited a Chevalier of llie U-ion of Ho • in Kranre. In 187ii lie was eleeted an Associate, and in 1871) an 
 
 Aoa.leuiieian of the Hoval .Xiadeniy. At the .Morir.,,, sale his pi,-tnre " Sprinif," broiii;ht s7,()00. 
 
 Ames, Joseph, N. A.-I!..ni in Xe« Ilanipsliiie in 181(1. He became celebrated as a portrait paint*, 
 
 «hnse. |„nvvr was -inins, and -eidns alone, for he stndi.d nnder i ne. He is said to ha\e .•cnitrilmted m.X 
 
 than an.v ..ther artist to the |...rtrailure of distinmnshe.l persons in the rnited States. He died in \ew York in 
 1872. 
 
 Boughton, George H., A. R. A.-liom in l-nului.l m 1834. He be«an the study of art in Albany 
 withoui ;, master, and opvne.l a .studio in InW. On the p"..eeeds of his earlier works he wont to London in IS.W 
 for the pnrpose of ,d>servation and improvement. Uelnrnin- to New Vork he exhibited in the National Aeademy 
 18-.8, went to Paris 18.V.1, removed to London in 18(il, where he has shiee resided. He is an Aea<lemieiiin of tin- 
 National Academy of Nch Vork, and an Associate .if the Itoval Academy, London. 
 
 Bracket, Walter M.-liom in l nlty, Maine, Isj;! Self tanifht. He ho*u. his professional career iii 
 1843, uivini.' his attention to portraiture ami ideal heads, later devotinif himself to the paintinsf (,f uame-IUh in 
 which branch ..f the art he has been very sueeessfnl, one artist oidy, liolfe .,f Kn-laml. is named as his rival in 
 the pamtmif .,f Hsh. He is one of the ori-inal nnmbers oi the liostnu Art Clnh an.l has fllleil the oltieu (if I'rosi. 
 dent for sever.il ye;ij's, 
 
 Bellini, Giovanni, a celebraled painter, was bnni in Venice about 14;!(1. He was the tirsi ,,f Venetiiin 
 artists to adopt the new method of oil paintin;< in lieu of the old process with trm/H;-,, vehicles, that is with wipM 
 and tfuni'*. His best works arc In „i| ; they coiisls; chleH> of .Madonnas and portraits. He died at the aife of DO 
 in the year l.'.KI. Titian and (;ior«ione «ere two ,,f lieillni's I'lnim nt pupils. 
 
 Burne-Jones, Edward Without early Irainin- and a t entirely self taiiitht, he adopted paintiiit; 
 
 as a professi,,,,, atlarbiim hini-clf to the so-.^alled " lloinanti.' School •• ,,f |b,»setti. His stmlio is In London. 
 
 Cimabue, Giovanni. -I'ommonh caile.l thefallui of modern paintiiiif, Has born in Kloience in the year 
 1240, The prominence ui^eii (o the name .,f C'imabne in the liislorv of painting' h. Itah, is ,lne soleh t; the jdaee 
 he ha- In the " Lives of (he I'alhters, >Vc.,' by \ asarl. «hose «ork is the -real lev! bi.ok on this snbjecl an lar 
 
 as relatcH to the revival of palnlina in Italy. He bdonu.d to the lly/.intine Scl f IMInteis. Th.. pictures ..I 
 
 his time were e\eeuti(l in ^■,»/„ <-( and lia\e ueiierall> p.ld ^r.umls; tbeie Is slill a laix'e picture of the Ma.joinm 
 by fhnabue, pn served in the <'|,ureli at Sante .Maria No.ellaat l-loicnee ; ami there is am.ther of the Madonm.' 
 and Child in Ih,. Academy of l-loivn r, .•Iniabue was still lUliiy In the year V.m. He was the master of (ilott.. 
 wli.iiu ability he .ll«eo\ereil ami i iiltUalcd. 
 
 Crane, Walter. -Horn at Lheri l. Kwj., in M,-,. a member of the ('01111111110. of the Ilev tiallurv 
 
 lie h.s cntrd.uled to ,t. cvbibillons, as also t„ those of the llrosveuor (ialler,» . as well as the Paris KNp..«itiot, of 
 
 18.S He IS irenerally knoun by his very ch'ver illnstrat iti f ddldien's b.H.ks, an a others ••(MmlerHlii - 
 
 "Ueauly and the lleast,' "(iooily Two Shoes," " llah> '« iipcia,' " Mother (loose," et.' ' 
 
 Corot, Jean-Baptlste-Camllle.-Tliis cmlnenl arlUt « is born at I'aris 17!i(lls7.-, He wu« twiw 
 .leeorat,.!, Hrst as chevalier, llieii as C.mmand. t ,.t the l,culo„ „f Honor, His pictures arc hluh.v pri/.ed com 
 
 ' ""«■ 1"W' prices, The "Mew of the Ibmiaii (••orm," and "The Collsuein at Home," he hcpieathed to Iho 
 
 Lnvembouiv. Ills " Hanle and \ iruil," 1 his •• Landscape »|lb .Vsmphs llathiiDf," ai- In the M.iscimi of Kino 
 
 Arts, llosiun It Is said that u; an occasion when otic of |,|, pLturcs «a. n.. badh buna at the Salon that no 
 
 one looked at It. lie .totsl beb.re It In the attitude of an admirer .ayliiK, " inei. are like Hies, If one alliditi .m n 
 tll,h o;i.rr- •ill foil .w." Tie rii-e h,. I the dc.ii.d ciTcci and the picture m%* afterward sold at aiitloi. for 1' IMXI 
 franc, the puivh ,ser hehu -o phased »lth his 1 ar.ain that he uave n iframl .llniier in celebiiili f lliu event 
 
lilOCRAPHICAL. 
 
 39 
 
 Claude, Claude Gelee-ConinKnil.v called CliuuK' Luirainu fi-nm the cHinitiy «{ his hiitli. Was Ijorii in 
 the year KiOO. He hecaiiie .listin(.iiislRd as a laiidscapi' painter. Died at Kiiiiie, lljsi. The Xati.mal (iallery, 
 Loiiddii, has sdiiie fine speciiueiis cif his paiiitiiiw-s, and there is in the Hritish Museum a fine colleeti.in nf his 
 drawings. 
 
 Dupre, Jules-liiini at Nantes in 1S12. ottiier i)f the U-^fidn af ll,,niir. His pietures ninnnand hijfh 
 prices. At a sale in 1873 his " Eiivinms of Southmnptnn " Ijnmght tl«(jO sterliiiK. 
 
 Delaroche, Hippolite-Called "Paul." Horn at I'aris, 17i)7-lSr>t). otfieer iif the U-'/um i.f Hcinnr. 
 l'rofes.siir nf painting at l/Kcnle des liean\..\rts. Pupil af Haron tiros. The lar^'cst w.irk «S this famous painter 
 is the "Heniicycle," in the theatre of the Palace of the HeauxArts, Paris, it contains seventy-five life size 
 fiKures.and occupied hhn four years, the finished study of which is in tlie Walters (iallery, lialtiuioie. "Lady 
 Grey," and " Napoleon crossing the Alps," are among the inosl generally known of his works. 
 
 Diaz de la Pena, Narcisae-Virglle Horn in Hordeaux, l.':,07187ii. Chevalierof the Leuion of Honor. 
 In early life through the hite of an insect, one of his legs had to he amputated. He began his early artistic life 
 in ahsolute poverty, hut gathering a chance existence he worked his way <uitil at length lie carried his " Descent 
 of the (i.vpsies," to a picture dealer, to whom he was in delit for the materials to paint it It remained so long 
 without a purchaser that tlie dealer ordered him to take it away. Just when all seemed lost a huyer presented 
 liimself, who gave l.'iOO francs for it jisteiul of the jOO asked. This picture has always since heen con»idereil a 
 chi\f;l\i,'m-r<'. It was not until he miuie landscape his chief motive that the puhlic discovered his real merits. 
 Ill his Hower pieces, although it might he imposslhle to say to what hotanieal family they heloiis;ed, the tone of 
 color and the iharm he gave them seemed an excuse for their existing just as he iiiiule them. He painted hut 
 few figure pictures and they are coiiseipu'iitly highly prized. 
 
 Domenlchino, or Domlnico, Lampleri This celehrated painter was horn at llologna in l.'iSl HIm 
 genius was slow in development ; he shunned all society, except occasionally to visit puhlic theatres and walks in 
 order the lietter to ohserve the play of the passions in the features of the peojile. After several .\ears of severe 
 study in Hologna, he went to Parma, where he painted works in fresco for t'ardiimls Ilorghese, Fariie.se and 
 Aldohramli, which were Justly admired, hut the distiiiipiishe<l reputjition which he had acipiired excited the 
 jealousy of some of his contemi"iraries, who represented his very excellencies as ilefect.s, Laiifranco in particu- 
 lar, one of his most inveterate enemies, asserted lliat his "('omiiiunion of ,St. Jerome" was a plagarism from 
 the master picture hy .Xunstiiio t'ariaci, this was pio\ed to he untrue, ills siihseiiuent works were of such merit 
 as to increase the malimiity of his competitors Ilisgusted with their cahals he left Koint-for lioloyiia, where he 
 remained until he was rccallcil hy Pope (irenory .W, who appointed him principal painter and architect to the 
 Pontifical Palace, hut the persecutions of his enemies continued iiiialiateii and are said to have alisohitcly wearieil 
 out his life. Hi' died, not without suspicion of hciiig |ioisoned, in Illsl. 
 
 Eastlake, Sir Charlea Lock, R. A.-ltcnn in 17W:i-KS(l.->. In IsOll he entered the sd I of the Itiual 
 
 Academy, atterwanls sliidied in Paris. In Isl.^, he painted his first iiiipoilant picture, a life sized portrait of 
 " Napoleon on the llcllciophon," which allracted much adciition in i:n;;land. After spending some time in study 
 aiKl •.kelching in Italy, (ireeieaiid the Kast, he retnrneil to England cvhihiting in the Itoyal .Aciulemy in 1S2:1. 
 He was elected associate in ls'J7, Academician in |s:)ii, and President of the Ito.val Anvdeiny in Is.Mi, when he wiih 
 knii;hted hy the i,iiieeii. Kioin ls4:l to '47 he was keeper ^if the National Oullery and in later uars was onu of 
 its Trustees anil liireclors. 
 
 Flaxrnan, John. R. A. An eminent Knglish sculptor, was horn at \ork, 17."i."i. Tl ■( iijiation ,,f his 
 
 father, who sold plaster cub'-, gine him an opportunity of cultimtiim^a la«le for inislelirg, which he pnu'ticed 
 with sill h itfcit that in his Iwt ifth uar he gained the silver palle' of the (Society of Arts for a model. AmiMig 
 his earliest efforts weri' desluns for Widgewood, which had a great share in elevating the general taste of the 
 country. At fifteen vears of a^e he hecame a student of the Hoyal .\cademy, of which he was made an Acade- 
 mlclHU In lS(Ki, niid I'nifesiior of Sculplnr in IslO. When Ids fame had become firmly tmtablished, hu desired to 
 be employeil on some great national work, and proposed to make a statue irf Hrlllanla.oneliuinlii'd feet In liciuht, 
 but the project tailed lo be carried into effect (If li's works there are four kinds, the rell^i.ms, the poetic, the 
 classli and the historical. In each, he has lelt specimens that entitle him to the \er\ hiuhest rank as an artist. 
 His mind was essentially poetical, and his produilions are imbiird with the finest inspliiitloii. Sir Tliomiut 
 Lawrence said of riaxman: "Ills solitude was niaile eiiJoMucnt to him h> a fancy teeininit with imaursof lemler- 
 ness, purity and urandeur. His genius was strldlv ■irigiiial and iinenlive." 
 
 Orant, Sir Frances, P. R. A. Horn in Scitlan 1 in Isn; Isjs Hc fir-t dc\o|cd liimself to pictures of 
 iiMporlIng character, containing poiirails of famoiis hinitsmen .ind horses, which were \cn popular, iiiiinj of 
 tlieln behiu engraved. Afterwards In became f.imous and was the aieepted portrait painter oi the upper circles 
 of Knuland, In IMI he was elected an Associate, In ISi'ii an .Vcademlcian, and in iKtui President of the Houil 
 .Xi-aiitiiiy, a in«iiion which lie iicid until iiic tiiue "f hi» death, iie sucardid ?»ir i hnrlcs Kiistiakp, aiiit wiu 
 klitghted li\ thcijileeii Upon his election, 
 
40 
 
 I5I0GRAPHKAL. 
 
 Guido, Reno Wus Ijnrn nt HolnifiKi in iri7'>-l(it-2. Hi' lii'c:nMi' iiiu> i>f tint iiiiist distiiiiiuislieil puiiils of 
 tlie (.'un'iu'i. Afterwanls lie fcn'iiifil ii si'ljoul. Tlinnifti in tlie receipt ■■!■ :i priiuelv iiR-oiiie, from tlio eiinriiinas 
 ;uiil c instant deniiiml for liis pioturos, lu' ilieil in ilelit TlirnUffli his t'\tni\;ivant lialiits ho liec-uiie so oniliar- 
 russeil tliiit liu sulil liis time at so nnii.li per liour to tlie picture dealers, who .m some oeeasions would stand by 
 him watch in hand — in order to see that he performed the stipulated amount of labor. Kij^ht of his pictures 
 are in the National (iiillery, London. 
 
 Gibbons, Grinling .\ eelehrated earver in witod, was horn at liotterdani in IIUS, and appears to have 
 visited KnH;lan(l in l(lti7. He was introduced to KiiiH' Charles II, and also to Sir Christopher Wren, who employed 
 liini extensively in the decoration of .St. I'auls He receiveil a place in the Hoard of Works and was much 
 employeil at Windsor. In 1714 he was appointed ma.ster earver in wnod to (ieorge 1, with a salary of eighteen 
 pence a day. He died in Loudon, 1721. 
 
 Gerome, Jean Leon liom at Vesoul, ISU. Meniher of the Institute of France, Commander of the 
 l.ei;iou of Honor and Chevalier of the Order of I'Mf/lc /.'<i(/;)c, and the reeipienl of many medals. In 1S41 he 
 entered the .\telier of Delaroehe and at the same time followeil the course of I'Kcole des l!eaux-.\rts. He made 
 his deliut at the Salon in 1S47 with " .\ Combat cf Coeks," for which he received a medal, and which is now in 
 the LuxenihourLf. His works are very numerous and commanu liiuh prices. .\t the Mori,'an sale " Tulip Follv " 
 sold for sii.OOO. 
 
 Gainsborough, Thomas, R, A. Was horn in Sutfolk, 1727 I'upil .>f Hayman. In Hath he practiced 
 both portrait paintim; i.iid lanils ape, with j;reat success. Keinoved to London in 1771, where he was soon ae- 
 loiiuted the rival hotli of Sir .losliua Heyiuddsand Wilson. He was one of the original iiiemhers of the Koyal 
 Aculeniv. He died in Loudon in 1788. 
 
 Georglone The name In which (Jeoruio liarbarelli is commonly known, was born near Castelfanee, in 
 1477. and was the fellow pupil of Titian and iJiovanni Itelliiii at Venice He beeaine a great eolorist, and his 
 pictures arc furtherdistinguished for objective truth of re|)resciitation andetfeelive light and shade. His pictures 
 are very scarce; they cmsist chietiy of portraits. He died at N'enice in l.Ml, at the earlyage of thirty-three. 
 
 Heilbuth, Ferdinand .\ distingnisheiKierman painter, was born at Hanihurg- Heceiveilhis artistic 
 education in I'aris, In ls71 exhibited in the Koyal .Academy, London, also in Uerliu, I'liris luid Uhisgow. 
 
 Hill, David Octavius Horn in I'orlli, lsoi-is70. He studied in Kdinbtiigh. In 18(1(1 lie completed his 
 groat work, "The Disruption of the Scottish Church," a picture of large size, containing the portraits of nearly 
 llvu hundred clergymen. It is now in the hall of the Free rreslivtery of Kdinburgh. He was elected a member 
 of the Koyal .Scottish .\cademy at an early age, and was Us secretary fur ovi i forty years. He was instrumental 
 
 in the oigani/.ali f the Fine .\rt Association of Scotiiind, and in the erection of the present Niitiouai (iallery in 
 
 Fdinbnrgh. 
 
 Hunt. William Holman Horn in Loudon in 1827 Ki'ccived his art education in the Schools of the 
 Ho.val Academy. His picture "Christ discovered in the Temple," was sold in Knglaiid for t.'i,n(iii. due of his 
 latest works is "The I'liuht into Kgypt," imoii which he spent several years .if labor and stiid.v. 
 
 Jopllngr, Mrs. Louisa Horn in Manchester in IS43. Studied in I'aris. F.xhihiting frei|iieiifly at the 
 Ko.val .\cadeiny, the Hiidle.v uni'. (irosvenor IJallerles ami elsewhere in Euulaiid. Her "Five o'clock Tea" - 
 exhibited ut the Uo.vul Academy in 1S"4- attrueted much attention. 
 
 KaufVnan, Angelica A French lad.v remarkable for ln"r talents in painting and music. Horn, 1741 ; 
 'lied, |so7. 
 
 al Academv in Is.'iJ. In l-iii* 
 
 Leslie, George D., R. A. Horn in l,s;i:.. F.ntered tin Slio,.|sof the Ito 
 he was elected an Associate, and in ls77 an Aiadeinieiaii of the llovil Acidcm.v, 
 
 Lawrence, Sir Thomas P., R. A. Was born at Hi.stol KH'.i He .d.taineil an early reputation at 
 
 Hath as a portrait painter in cra.voiis, and as earl.v lus 1787 estahllshed himself in I loii as a portrait paiii'cr in 
 
 oils, where in four years afterwards (17!il) he was elected an Associate and in 17!».'i an Acadi'iiiician of the Hoval 
 Academy. He had previoii-lv siueccile.l Sir .losliua Ke,\ uolds as painter to the king. He was kiilghleil by the 
 I'riuce llegeiit in iNl.^), and in ls2il siiceeeiled West as I'resldent .f the Koyal Academy Since the ilavs of 
 Vaiiilv kc his career as a portrait painter was unrivalh-d. Ills works eiiibracml the rank, fashion ami Intelliueui'e 
 which distinguished the times In which he lived, Ineliidiiig iiict of the erovvned heads of Kiirope, The Hoyal 
 Kamll.v , the nobility and gefitrv , distlngiilsheil iiieii of letters aiiil statesmen, actors anil actresses all sat for their 
 |Mirlnills to Lawrence, lie died In Linidon the 7th of .lunuarv, l,s;tO. 
 
 Lelghton, Sir Frederick. P. R, A. Horn at Searhom, ls:iii Member of the A.adein.v of Florence, 
 Correspoudiiii member. if th.' hi<tiliiteof Fr:iii..v When a la.l stn.lied drawing In U.iine; Student of the It.iyal 
 Ai a.kitiy of lirfiiii iti \~i'\ aiai later in Flnninx, Hniwcls. i'aris, Frankfort .itid il.tnie. ilo Hi'st oxfillilleil III 
 Knglmid, "Cliimhuo'K Mmlouna carried tUmuKli tlic slretitu uf Fluruiiee," wlileli attraete.l great attention In 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 41 
 
 I,uii,l,)ii iiiiil WHS imiclmsLMl by tlie (iuooii. In ISCo lie was elected Associate nf the Royal Academy ami iii 1S(J1> 
 an Academieiaii. In 1878 he was elected President of the Royal Academy and has been knishted by the yueeii. 
 
 Moore, Albert Rom in York. Studied in the Lan^ham classes in London, and has imicticed his pro- 
 fession in the Kn^'lish metropolis for some years. His speciality is the human figure, treated in a decorative 
 style, and is said to be nearer the spirit of tlic (Jreek than any other e.vistinjf Enirlish artist. He contrilnites to 
 the exhibitions of tlie Royal Academy anil (irosvencr (iallery etc. 
 
 Ordway, Alfred A resident of Roston, ori^'inator of the Roston Art Club, established in IS.'a. Was 
 its first secretary and treasurer. Its president in 18.')!t and corresiMindinif secretary in l8(i(j. He has been a 
 rcffular contributor to its exhibitions. His jiicturcs are niostI> in the bauds of colleotors. 
 
 Potter, Paul— A celebmted Dntcli painter, was born at Knkhuyson in 102,'), settled at tlie Haj,'uo; painting 
 cattle and lar.dscapes, whs particularly successful in the former, the latter bein|if desiifued merely to afford an 
 opportunity for exhibiting animiils in different attitudes and circiinistances. His coloriiif; is nncommonly liril- 
 liant, and for lidelity to nature he Is unexcelled; his pictures are conse<|uentlv hehl in the hiifhest estimation. 
 He died IWi. 
 
 Phidias. A tireek sculptor, and the most celebrated artist of anti(|uity, was Imrii at Athens about 400 
 R. C. He became the ornament of the a^fe of I'crleles, who appointed him .Superintendent of Public Works. It 
 was durliiK the relKU of this great statesman, that he executed the colossal statues of Minerva placed in the 
 Temple, ami the ^'rent sittinif colossus at ( >lympia. This (one of tin; seven wonders of the ancient world) ami the 
 extensive sculptures of the Parthenon now In Kiifjlaiid, broUKlit from Athens by Lonl Kljflii in 1803, and pur- 
 chased by the Rrltish i,'o\ ei-nnicnt in 181(1, show the retlned ifrnndeur of the (,'reat sculpti>r especially exemplified 
 In the Klyiii marbles which are considered to embrace all the several beauties of the athlete comhineil in the 
 Individual, yet so modified as alto^'ether to obviate the sense of any special Indivliluallty, Icavlni,' only the im- 
 pression of the perfect human form, as In the Farnese Hercules, which Is consi<lered the type of muscular 
 stren|,'th. I'nder a false accusation he was cast into prison, where he died 4.{2 R. 0. 
 
 Piaxiteles. A very famous (ireek sculptor who lived H;iO years before (.'hrlst, durlnj; the rel^n of Alex- 
 ander the (ireat All the ancient writers mention bis statues with hl;,'h commendation. The luhatiltants of the 
 isle of Ciis rcipiested of Praxiteles a statue of Melius ; he consei|ueiitly made two of exipilsite workmanship, one 
 naked and the other covered with drapery, Kivini; them their choice. Althoui;li the former was esteemed tlic 
 most beautiful, the iiihaliitants ({iivf the preference to the latter, from a conviction that no motive whatever 
 could justify introduchiy into their city any statues or |Kdiitlngs of a character likely t<i liiHume the passions of 
 yountf people and lead them to immorality and vice. 
 
 Rosaetl, Gabriel Charles Dante Rom in 1828-1882. llis "(ilrlh l of the Vlr^rli,," exhibiteil In 
 
 London 111 184(1 first attracted attention to him as an artist in colors. It appcHicd simultaneously with Millais' 
 " Isabella "and Holmaii Hunt's " Rieiizi," and Introduced with them what is known as the pre-Ruphaelite School 
 of KiiKland. He is also known as a writer and a poet. 
 
 Ruslcln, John Horn In London 1811). He gtudied art under KleldliiK' and ,1. 1). Ilanlln^r. attainin,' no 
 ordinary proficiency as a draftsman, but never hecoinlii),' a professional artist He is, however, well known 
 tliroUKliont the Kii^lish speakin« world as an art critic, and a brilliant and prolific, as well asorljflnal, writer 
 upon art subjects, llis drawings are seldom seen by the public, lint if the worlil is not familiar with the vvcuk 
 of his pencil, the work of his [len has made him a jKuver where ever art is known. 
 
 Rousseau, Theodore Rom at Paris I8P2-18(17. Chevalier of the Letflon of II ir. Pnpil of liuilloii 
 
 Lelhiere, a landscape painter, mailc bisdebiit In 18JU. \t a sale in l87:t bis piilnres, "Watercourse at .S.iloitue," 
 sold for tl.iMWl, and the "lIoarH'rost,,' foi- k:2.400 ; and at the .Morgan sale his " Twillxht" sold for ¥l.'i,n(X». 
 
 Stanhope, R. Spencer An Kuk'HsIi artist belonKimr lo the pre-Rnphiiellto sehool. He first exhibited 
 in the Royal Academy about l8(iil. Tlu^ more important of his Inter works have appeared In the Orosveiior 
 (iallery. Anionii thun "Kve Tempted," "Love and the .Maiden," "(In the Rank of the Styx," "Cupiil and 
 I'syehe," 4e. 
 
 Sacchl. Tliree Italian artists: Andrea, a dUtlnifulslied portrait painter of Rome, RlOO-llini ; Carlo, a 
 painter and eliuraver of I'avia, lOKlUn.'i ; I'icro Francisco, lenownetl for his perspective, Hourlshed at I'avia 
 n'loiit 14<IO-ir>2ll. 
 
 Tisaot, James Rorn at Nantes. He has resided so loin; In Kn^land that he has In effect becaine a man 
 of that ciiiintrv Ills plctnic of the " Meetiiiu of Faust ami Marunerlte," (I81II) Is In the Luxeinbou'u He has 
 exhibited at the Salon, and at the Royal Aeailemy Kxhlhltions. 
 
 Turnbuli, John An otttcer In the American Ami.v, ami an aid to (leiiernl Washlmtton. Havinn ipiit, 
 that piMtcssion went to Kurope and studied palntlim tiinior SVost. He loon liecamu proficient in the Art. Uled 
 In 18411. 
 
42 
 
 lilOCRAPHICAL. 
 
 Watts, George F., R. A.— This eminent artist was horn in London in 18T8. Al)sol\itely self-tausfht, 
 fell- altlic.u-li'hc entered tlie seliool of tlie Hoyal Aoiideniy foitlie inirpose of Icarninfjdrawinj^-.lie remained there 
 but a few weeks, preferrinu' to rely np(m hisyenius and ohservations, which lie afterward did in tlie pursuit of 
 his artistic tastes. He excels in portraiture and ideal groups, and is considered the foremost painter of the nude 
 now in Knulan.l. His works are very numen.us, anil are sehlom seen outside of his own gallery at Little Hollaml 
 House, wlUch is open to the puhlic every Satiu'day and S\niday afternotms. He has, however, on several 
 iiccasi.ins been persuaded to lend them, and they have been seen rn /)?<(0 at the Grosvenor (iallery at Cardiff, at 
 }iinnin«hani and at New York. (»f his works Mr. Watts intends to ]. resent "Love and Oeath," to America; 
 "Cain," to the Koyal Academy to join a eompanion iiictureof same title, which he deposited there as his diiihmia 
 work, and "Time, Death and Judament," to the National Art Gallery of Canada. The other (lictures which 
 partake of the ima-i^ative character, which iioint a moral either hy means of alle^'ory, symbol or otherwise, 
 which appeal to the heholders intellect, and which, so to speak, form Mr. Watts's seriesof «reat moral essays, he 
 will leave to the Uritish nation. A noble and patriotic bequest, worthy of tlie man for whom worldly rank had no 
 attraction, and whose object in life appears to have been to cnnoblo and elevate in his country the end and aim 
 of art. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 The followinj,' may be interesting to the vonni,'cr nicnihers ni tlie Owens Art Sulioiil. 
 
 Apelles, tlie must eeleliriiteil luiinteriif autKiuity, was liorn abnut 36') B. C. at tlie Island (if Cos. Wlien 
 already an atmniiilislicd master, apiiarently, he entered as a pupil in the celebiated sehoul uf I'aiiiphiluB at 
 Sicyon, and paid the enornmns sehool fee, a talent in j,'iild, purely fur the sake of the reiiutatimi enjnyed by its 
 impils. The must celebrated of his works was the Venus Aiuwlyomene, or Venus risin;;' out of the oeeiiii, wiiieli 
 V)ecamc in after years such a favorite picture anionj; the Romaus that Ovid paid it tlie extraordinary eouiplimcnt 
 of saying' that but for this jiicturc, Venus would still have remained buried beneath the sea. The picture was 
 painted for the people of t'os, where it leuiained until remipved three centuries afterwards by the Emperor 
 Augustus to Konie, who took it in lieu of one hundred talents tribute. Other celebrated wnrks were Kiin; Anti- 
 i;onus on horseback ; a portrait of Campiispe, a beautiful slave and favorite of Alexander the (ireat, who 
 presented her to the iiainter in reward for the picture he had made uf her; several portraits of I'hillip of 
 M.icedon and iif Alexander, for one of these, representiuic the Kiii«' as .luiiiter hurliii;; bis tbunderbolts, Alex- 
 ander is said to have |iresented Apellcs with a sum e(|ual to fifty Ihonsind pounussterlini;. .\ fi^aireof Fortune, 
 seated ; a naked Hero ; a back view of Hercules ; a clothed Hgure uf une of the (Jrace-^; t'litus |ireparing for 
 battle, mounted on his charter and receiving his helmet from bis armor-bearer ; Antigonus in armour walking by 
 the side of his horse ; Archelaus with his v\ife and daughter, nud the two f'lllowiug works, the only two 
 pictures by Apellcs recorded, which appear to have contained a considerable lunuber of figures, Diana surrounded 
 by her nymphs, iu which it was coiigidered he surpassed the lines of Homer from which he took the subject ; 
 and the procession of the high priest of Diana at Kphesus. He left writings on art, but they have not been pre- 
 served. The date of his ileatli is unknown. Apellcs was so famous for drawing tiue lines, that F'rotogenes 
 Uiscovered by a single Tne that Apellcs had been at his house. Apclles sailed for Khodes to see I'rotogencs, who 
 was from home when he ciUled, instead of leaving bis name, he tonk up a pencil and drew a line of great deli- 
 cacy upon a large canvas which was lilted in a frame ready for painting. On the return of I'rotogencs, 
 he was informed of the \isit, and upiMi contemplating the tine stroke ni the line inunediately pronounced it the 
 work of Apellcs ; thereupon I'rotcigeues drew a finer line of another color, and going awav ordered the attendants 
 to show that line to Apellcs if he came again. Apellcs returned and saw the line; when in a color 
 different from either of the former he drew some lines so ex(|uisitely delicate that it was \itterly impossible for 
 finer strokes to be made, I'rotogeues on seeing them confessed the superiority of Apclles, and Hew to the 
 harbor in search of him, resolving to leave the canvas with the lines on it for the astoiushment of future artists. 
 
 Achenbach, Andl-eas-Horn at Hesse Casscl, ISl.l. Knight of the Order of Leopold, member of the 
 Academies iif llerlin, .\msterilani and Antwerp, Chevalier nf the Legion or Honor, .Medals .if I'russia and Helgiuni. 
 The wild seas of the north, the vallies and moiuitains of Uavariu and the Tyrol, the classic Cauipagna, and the 
 coast of Capri and Sicily, have all been pictured by bim. 
 
 Allan, Sir William, R. A. Morn at Kdii !■ ugh nsilS.Mi. Klccted meniber nf the Uoval Acailemy in 
 l!<;!.''i. I'rcsidcnt "f the Hnyal .Sc.ittlsh .\cadcmy in ls;!8. Succeeded Wilkie as " Limner t.i the tjiuecn for Scot- 
 laud," in IMl, an i was knighted in KS42. He was master of the Academy bir many years, and mniiliered among 
 his pupils soini' ul the most prominent Scottish artists of the present day. 
 
 Allston, Washington, A. R. A. Horn in South CaniUna 17"i>-l!>4;t. (iraduMted at Harvard (.'idlcgo 
 1»00. Kntereil the schonls of the Knyal .\i'adcniy soon after and became a regular contriliulnr to its exhibitions, 
 and was elected an Associate in lsl». He opened a studio in lloston and spent the remainder of his life iu hiu 
 native coinitry. 
 
 Ansdell, Richard, R. A. Horn in Liverpool ISin. First exhibited In the Hnyal .Academy in 184l), 
 made an Associate in Isill, and an .Acadcuiician in 187U. Hu Is specially known as a painter of aiduials in the 
 well know)i ^tj Ic of Sh' Ivlwln Lanilseer. 
 
 Armand-Dumaresq, Charles '1douard---Horn at I'aris is-iii. chevalier of the Legion of Honor. 
 
 Fupii nf C.iuiiiir. ill l.^T.'i lie ixliiliilcd " 1 li ■ SiiiKlidcl nf >n(kliirtn, I7S1," ,Oid III l.>T(i, " Tile Sign lli« of tlie 
 Declaration of liiil(|icudeni'c nf the I'lotul Stat.s of America, 1770." 
 
 ■*1 
 
44 
 
 isiOdRAPniCAr,. 
 
 Armitage, Edward, R. A. --Ucmi in Limilmi isi". I'U|iiI of Oelaniehc, whom ho assisted in the 
 (luuiinitioii (if the I'aris Schiiol ,.f Fine Arts. Ho paiiiteil '• Inliurmiiii " iiiiil " IJiilalilava," tlie result of a visit to 
 the Ci-iniea (lurin^t the liussimi war. He was eleeteil an Associate in 1807 and a Koyal Aeiulenileian in 1S74. 
 
 Audubon, John James Horn 1782-lSnl. Went to Paris in 1705, studied under David. In 17118 lie 
 settled in I'liiladelphiii, and in 1^10 he^an his hird-sUetehini; expeditions. In 182ii he went to Knrope, and 
 shortly after he'.'an the issue of liis i;reat work "Tlie IJirds of America," wliieh was completed ill 18;!!l, ill eijfhty- 
 seveii parts, eoiitainini; US plates and colored from his own drawin;is. 
 
 Bernhardt, Sarah— 111 ISH!) this remarkahle actress and artist while in a studio viewiiiL,' a Imst heiii;; 
 modelled, made her criticisms which beiiiff so correct iiidnced the artist to advise her to become a professional 
 sculptor. .She coiiseiiiiently took a studio in Paris exciitiiiif several pieces which were exhibited in the Salon. 
 Her " After the Tempest" is proiiounceil a wurk of w.niderful effect. She also paints creditably. 
 
 Bierstadt, Albert, N. A.— Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. Horn in Itusseldorf lS-.'0. Taken to 
 America when an infant. He displayed, as a lad, a decided taste for art. In IS');! he went to Dusseldorf and 
 studied there in the Academy, and afterwards in Home. In ls(iO he was made a member of the National 
 Academy of Desiyii. Aiiion^^ his most famous works are the " Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak," (U by 10 feet), 
 .sold for ?i2.'>, 000. "Storm ill the Kocky .Mountains, .Mount liosalie," (12 by 7 feet), valued at $:J."),000. " Estes 
 Park, Coloriido," iiassed to the owner (Karl of Dunraven) for .^1,">,000. 
 
 Boiiheur, Marie Rosa--- Horn at Hordeaux 18-22. Member of the Institute of Antwerp and of the 
 Le,'ion of Hon.ir, pniiil of her father, Kayniond Itoi.heiir, who died in ls.">:!. Hammerton calls Itosa Honheiir 
 "the most accomiilishcd female iiainter who ever lived," she is a pure and ^'cnerous woiiiaii as well, and cannot 
 be too iiiueh ailmired. It is scarcely more unusual to fin, I talent like hers than to And a woman who can pre- 
 serve her i;dod name and enjoy the absolute freeilom from eonventionalities necessary to such an artistic career. 
 Her " Horse Fair " and other pictures are admired by all the world. He further says, " I luj seen works of hers 
 which aceordiii',-- to the prices liiven must have paid her a hundred pounds for each day"* labor 
 
 Bonnat, Leon-Joseph-Florentine— Horn at Havunne 18;i;V officer of the Lei^ion of Honor. He first 
 paintcil small cabinet nfiiiv |iictiircs which were bii,dily esteeineil, later he became an historical painter. In lSf>"> 
 he exhibited " Aiiti!,'oiie leadln.f the Blind Ovlipus." Iii 1874 he executed "Christ on the Cross," a eoinmissioii 
 for the Palais de Justice, one of his best pictures. 
 
 Bosboom, Johannes— Horn at the Ha^ue 1817. Knight of the Order of the IJoii (Netherlands), of the 
 Crownof Oak, and of theOrderof heop,.ld. His pictures are views of towns and interiors. His " l.ar^'e Pnr 
 testaiil Church at Amsterdam," was |nirchased by tlic Ivin;,' (jf Ha\aria. 
 
 Bacon, Henry -Hoili at Ha\(!rhill, Mass., in 18*,). Disabled by wounds while serving in the American 
 Civil War, he went to Paris to studv art, enteriiin I'Kcole des Heaux-Arts in 181)4, and also liecomiii;.i- a pupil 
 under Cabaiiel, and afterwanls under Eilouard Frere at Kcotien. His professional life has ^'enerally been spent 
 ill Paris, where he still resides. " liostoii Hoys," a picture based on the episode of the lioston Hoys' petition to 
 (ieiieral (ia^e, is one of this paiiittr's most important works. 
 
 Bartholdl, Frederick Auguste Horn at Colmar, France, 18;W. Chevalier of the Lcu'ioii of Honor, 
 Pupil of Ary SchelTcr His first work was a bas-relief cpf Fraiicesca da Rimini, executed in 1852. His ^'|•alld 
 monument now in New York has ^'Iveii him a world-wide reputation. 
 
 Bastien, Lepage Jules Horn at Damvillers (France) 1850. Pnpll of Cabanel, Clie\alier of the Le-ioii 
 of Honor, His piiturc " .loan of Are" is now in the Hostoii Art .Museum. Died 1885. 
 
 Bellows, Albert F., N. A. Born at Milfor.l, Mass., 18:lo-l8?:l. He studied in Paris and in the Ibiyal 
 Academy of Antwerp. He had a studio in New York for some years, he was elected an Assoelate of the National 
 Aeadeiii,\ in ls5!t. Aeadeinician in l8iil. In 18(W was elected an honorary member of the Royal l!el«ian Society 
 of Water Colorists, an honor which reipilres a iinaiilnnms vote of the memhers of the institution, and which is 
 rarely bestowed upon foreigners. His early Works were of a (/cmc character, incliidiiif,' "The First I'air of 
 Boots," "The Sorrows of Royood." Latterly mostly landscapes. 
 
 Bouguereau, William Adolphe- Horn at La Uoehulle. France, 1825. Member of the Institute and 
 Officer oi the Leyion of Hon., r. He was first placed in a business house, hut (ditaincd liberty to attend the 
 drawing school of M. Alau.v. Mis fellow pupils who all aimoil to be professional artists, felt a contempt for 
 lJoU){iieri'aii oil account of his business oecupatlons. Thus, when at the end of the year he took the prize for 
 which all hail striven, the excitement was so irreat that a riot occurred, and the pupils made a formal pn.tcst 
 aifainst his receivinif it, but without effect It was then that he determined to becaiie a professional |miiitcr. 
 lie went to I'aris and entered the studio of Picot, and later I'Kcole dcs Heaux-Arts, where his proifress was rapii". 
 Ho ifained the tfianil prize ill l8.">0 and went t> Jioiiie. His fame became established in 1854, when his pietun^ 
 " The l'.od\ .if m. Cecilia b.irnc t'l tlie CaUicomhs " was Bxiiibited ; it is 11..1W tii the liUxeUibourtf. His works illu 
 
JJIOCIRAPHICAL. 
 
 45 
 
 cr I " n , w ;; " hI • ! ', "' '"""' ''""""' '^"•'*^- ""^ " ^ ''^■'^ C„n.„.fice" was .„„„ht b; th 
 i.iiMiiiniLiit ,iM(l will <lcml)tloss liiiil u Ikumc in the Limvre. 
 
 . f H^!'?°H '^"^^! Adolphe Home h, Franco 1827. Pn^il „f nn.llin, a, f UeM.n.e, . ..•ticor .f the Le^i„n 
 
 Hon,.-. Hannnertun say.s of his "IWue.liction ,les Hies," evhihite.l Uru an,l now in U.e Luxe nbou ''lU^ 
 the work of a true poet an., a trne painter, teehnieally a work of singular in rtanee in n.o,l..r, a ■ fo Us' aln , t 
 
 ::?:sr:hti^;:rt;e;sr 
 
 ™.Kt o .US p,e,ures partake of the ...anu-ter of t.,ose countries and are ..n nnn ero„s 7 ho xhib.? , 
 
 ^.e^unera.o t.,e Munnny,"forw..lc., .,e receive,, a thin, class „,e,.a. an,, the decorati, n h" L ^ 
 
 "--■, and u, wlneh he .s said (.,v Lucy Hooper) to have approa.he.l the highest cp.a.itieB ol his .jJt!Z,ie. 
 
 sionSTf^^!!' ]' ^■' ^•.-^•- ","•■',' '" '•-"-'""■• i'> '««■ «tn,lie,. in t.,e Royal S,.ottish Aca.len.v. His profes 
 
 n ^ ^aZ ^"m '"T • ■/" ^"' '':'■'; "■'"^'^ '" '"^ "'^''' ^''^■''^^" "' ^'- '>'^"-^ "•«-« i" the art .." 
 
 V ■' n F '^t ^u. ..'•' ,^" 'Jr'■'^"'■V'"■^">■ "-'^-' f'-" tl- hon.ely inei.lents of every .lay life. An.on^ then. 
 
 ...c H>s i Mst t,,..r, 1 ru..,Mn,- m the Hn.rn-.- •• Fresh Water «allor, .'he Swin^," "The Pansin,. Sho;." etc. 
 
 ■ ■os,!n-riM'o^rr^?^- """'" "'.l""-, "'■'■■"'" ■^"""' •— ■"•"f-«'""allyin Florence. Returne.l t,. 
 l...ston n M,0 where he ..as snice reside,!. His works are very nninerons. "The Crown of Xew KiLdaiu. " w i, 
 Piin^ased by the Pnnce of Wales, an,, the " Bay of Xew York " was presented to t.ie same .^,va. ,.r: ^ !e la 
 t w New ^ork nier.iants. His "Sunset Oeuoa" is sai.l by the Art J.,n:nU to be "one , t those ,., .e,l 
 nlea.ized, ha.v ltal:an scenes for which this artist is so much n„te,l in the vein „f Turner." 
 
 BrunelleSChl. Fillppo-One of the ew.iestan,. most celebrate,, .talian ar,.hite.ts of the lievivil- 
 was born at Morence in 1.77. He was also a sculpt.rof ureat eininence. I,e joined the eonipetition in UOl : 
 he e,veeuti,.n .f the bronze ^ates „f t.ie liaptistry of St. ..ohii a, Floren.-e, Init both he and L celebrate,, c, 
 emp..rar,^I.,Miatell,s a,.iiiitted they were surpassed .,y(;.,iber,^who,ain..,itlK.co,niiussion,lh,Hr.h.e;^^ 
 
 he „me of Santa Maria ,le. Fiore orCathe,lral of Florence. ..n first pro.lucin,- his plans he was prononneed ma.. 
 t.v the con-ress of architects assemble,., but eventually be was appointed .sole architect of the C Uhedra. This 
 -loine. constri.cte,. of masonry, is t.ie lai-est in the worl 1, it beiii, some feet wider then St. I'eters at K-inie. 
 Bartollni, Lorenzo-Horn in Tuscany, 177O-l^.'^0, Cones,„„„lent of the .iistitnte of France ; KiiLHit of 
 
 .'" '^'-' ' "'"""• = '''■'"■'-"'«"•• "f scu.pt.n-e in the A,.a,lemy of Florence an,, member of twentv aca.lemies He 
 
 brsl commenced as a .utter of alaba,sler at which employment he worked in .'alls, at same tin,; studvim/h, t.ie 
 aca,leiiiy where he so,m j^ained a prize for his .Kus-rdief " Clobi an,l .iilone." which liroi.^M.t him into n,.tice He 
 ■♦.•xecuted one of t.ie l,as-reliefs of t.ie cohniin Vemlome. He is cnsidered second onlv to Canova in his own 
 ouiitry. and has been called tlie " .'rince ,if .M.idern Sculptors." 
 
 Cabanel, Alexandre .t,.rn at Montpellior. France. 1S2,3. Memlier of the .iistitute .'rofessor in 
 n-A'ole ,.es lleaux-Arts ami (.•oVimamler of the I.eifion of Honor, Medals of H.mor an,, pupil of I'.eot His 
 l.ictiire "T.ie A«-ony of Christ," evhiliitci in 1S44 broii.j.it him into notice. His "Thaniar. ' "Death of Fran 
 cesca ,1a liimini and I'aolo Malatesta," an,. "T.ie (ilorificatioii of St. Louis." arc in the .A.xe.nb.mr, an,, bis 
 ' Death of Moses," is in the Corcoran (ial'.ery at Wiisbinytoii, 
 
 Calame, Alexandre- Horn at Vevay, Switzerland, KslO-lS(i4. Meinlicr ,,f t.ie A,a,lemi,- of ,st Peters 
 
 bur;; an,l Ibaissels. Chevalier of the l.e;.i f Honor, .'i.pil of Diday. His pictures of wi.,1 mountain scenerv 
 
 are remarkable bot.i in drawin- and .'olor. .Some writers Inn,, likeiie,. the poetic view in his works to that of 
 ■Cor.>t. In t.ie Wa.tei-s (Jallery, Ualtimore, there is a lar-e pl.ture ,,f Alpine scenery by this artist. 
 
 Calderon, Philip H., R. A. Horn In .•Vaiuv. ls:l;i. Ik-an the stmly ,.f art in I don in ls.^,11. lOxhi.) 
 
 ilcl m tlie l!,,,\a. A,'a,l,niy in ls.-,7, wasniailcan Asso,aate In iMitl and an Ara..emiciaii In 1,S71. Amoii"- his 
 
 works are " llrokeii V s. .'he liaoler's Dau-bter." " N,.vcr more," " Day of the Massairc of St, llartboloim.w '. 
 
 "Half Hours with the liest Aut.iors." ' 
 
 Canova, Antonio, one ,,f the most celebratd .sculptor^ of inoilern times, was born 1st Nov ember, 17.-.7, 
 at Trevi.so (Venetian Alps.) His early years were passe.l in the ^-tuilv of sculpture in the workshop of his grand- 
 father. His (list important work was a yroup of the subje.t (hjih, i(.v (nul Eiiiinli.-i: The first ll;,'ure,"repre- 
 .sciitlni;- Kury.li.'C in flames and smoke in the a,'t of Icavlin; the infernal re.ilms was ,.\eciite,l when be was only 
 siMccn years of a-e. 'I'be iihist ,.lebrate,l w.irk of his imviciate »as Oirdidiis aiiit /,■«/•„«; ami tlie w,irk whicli 
 lliKt established his fame at Home was 77„'«.„.v l',ni<iii;«l,i,i,/ llu- ^liimliuii; Theseus beln^f represented as seated 
 on the iiftiess bo<ly of the monster. This «a» f,,llo«ed by the .^reat moinunents to P,.pes Clements XIII ami 
 
46 
 
 lilOGRArHICAL. 
 
 XIV :iml I'iu^ VI vvl.u-li nuso.l l.W rei.utatiou uli.ne that of all his contciui.crarios. The luonmnoiit uf Clomeiit 
 XIII is tliut ill St. IVtLTs ,.f which tlio .elelmited reiiosiuir liiois funu ii purt. Cuiu.va's w.nks are oxtronifly 
 iiuniei-oiw iM.l are "ciiorMllv t)ea.itifMl, iniiibiiiin- nature with elassio hcauty and i-mvortion. In the Academy 
 at Venice tlicre is' a iinhle collecti.M, „f ca.ts after liis worlis whicli fully show his extraordinary ahility and 
 iiulnstrv Hercules in the tunic of Deianira luuliii.^- Lichas into the sea from the roek is a most impnsin- yroup, 
 His cclehrated \-cmis is in the IMtti I'alaee at Florence. The Three Graces are in England. Me died m 1S2-2. 
 
 Couture Thomas-Uorn in France 1S15-1S79, Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. Pupil of Gros a,id 
 Ueliroche Ili's ••Tn.nbuh.nr," painted in 1844, *. Id for Tm.OOO francs. The Host.. n Art Miisemu p..sseses a 
 sketch by this artist, -Two Volunteers ..f the French Uev..lnti..n,"presentc.l t., the institnti..n hy several .adies. 
 It is a flnew..rk and e-teenied .me of the hciih of the collection. 
 
 Cruikshank George-IS.'niin L..ml..n 171V2-1STS. He received mv instrmtiou in art. His flr.st w..ik 
 was a series ..f p..liti'cil caricatures, many (.f them relatin- t.. the trial ..f (iueeii Can.liiie in 1S20 and '21. His 
 illustrations of Pierce Ka-an's ■' Life in I...ndon," and Orinmrs "Fairv Tales," a few ve.xrs later first hr..n-ht him 
 decided p.ipular rcc ."niti.,n. The amount of work ..f this kind which he did is enorm,.n9, ani.m.- the heat known 
 are Dickens' "Sketches hv I5../.," aii.l Oliver Twist," "The T.nver ..f L..iid.,n," "Waverly Novels," etc. Oils, he 
 exhibited at the British Institute and Koval Academy, aHii.m.,' .thers "Titania and B..tt..m," Merry Wives of 
 
 Windsor ram o'Shaiiter," "Cinderella," His "Worship of IVu-clms," is in the British National Gallery. 
 
 Thackeray writin" ..f Cniikshauk sav, "He has t.ild a th..usaii(l truths, in as many stran-e au.l fantastic ways; 
 he has jjiven a th..usan.I new and pleasant th..u-htst..milli..ns of pcple; he has never used his wit dishonest;. 
 he has never, in the exuberance ..f his frolics.ime liuni.>r caused a siiiyle or yuilty blush." 
 
 Courbet Gustave- H.'rn in France lSlil-lS77. Medals in 1S40, IS," ami 18(11. He refused the Cross of 
 llie I e-ion ..I 'H..n..r, alter ho had accepte.l that of the Order of St. Michael fn.ni the Kiii'.^- of liavaria. He 
 stndie.ra little under Stnheu and Hesse, liut m..re by himself. He affected the Flemish, Fl..rciitiiie ami Vene- 
 tian scho.ils, an.l acipiired exa-,aM-ale,l eccentricities, wlii,.-li a.lded t.i th.isc ..f his nature, made him fancy that 
 he could establish a new seli...d of art. The fiin.lamental idea he calle.I " realism." maintainin'j: that art should 
 represent Ihi.ms exactly as they appeared, and that any ideality ..r search for the beautiful was a -n.ss err.. r. 
 He eh..se models from the UKliest and most vulgar types about him, and his pictures were repuL'iiaiit t.. all 
 artistic sentiment. He made some converts and was considered by them to be the chief ..f the realistic sclio..l. 
 His besi works , re landscapes, one of them, " Deer in the F.irest of Fontaiuehlcaii." His better pictures are 
 much appreciated bv coi.n..isseurs and c.nmiand hiifh prices. P.ilitically he was a C.mnuuiist, and in 15571 
 caused the destructi.'.n of the Cilumii \endonie, for which he was afterwards tried and sentenced to six montha 
 iniprisonment ami a tine. 
 
 Church, Frederick E., N. A. -Horn at Hartford, Connecticut, 1820, went t.. S..uth America in 18.^.3 
 and 18r.7 for the purpose ..f sketchinjf, afterwards t.i the Labrador for the purpose of his " Iccberifs." In IStis he 
 visited Kiir.)pe, if"uy^ t.. Palestine and Greece, paiiitiiiic " The Parthen..n," "Jerusalem," and ..tlier imp..rtant 
 pictures. His " Heart of the Andes " s.dd for ><10,000. and his " Nia-ara," n..w in the O.rorau Gallery, Wash- 
 ington, and i.r.diably the best known of his works, was purchased at the John Tayb.r Johnston sale for ¥12,500. 
 
 Constant, Benjamin Horn at Paris 184.^.. Medals in 187.". and 1^7(i Pupil of Cabancl. In 18(>!) his 
 "Hamlet" was bou-lit by the French Govermnent. Subseiiuently he visited Spain, M..r..cc.., \c. In 187.-i he 
 cxhibiteil "Thirst Prisoners of Morocco," a picture described as " a white v^iste beneath the pitile.ss ylare of 
 an African sun. A slender rivulet of water crosses the sands in the forcs;rouiid. An Arab Ii..r.seniaii pauses 
 there to let his pris..ners, three half-naked M.n.rs, drink fr..ni this scantv rivulet In their ea-erness they lui.e 
 fallen prostrate to the -round, ..lie man laps up the water with frenzied basic, an..tlier has plnni;ed his face in 
 it, a third tills his bottle, while their capt..r looks on impassive, an..thcr Arab, cr..iiclnin; in the back'.;T...und, 
 with his riHe across his knees, watches the inovenieiits of his pris.iuers." 
 
 Decamps, Alex. Gabriel Horn at Paris, 180;M8flO. Pupil ..f Puj..l. Otticerof the Legion of Honor, 
 i'alnter of Landscape, animals and uniir subjects. His w..rks are very numerous and c..iniiiand hi'gh prices. 
 S..me ..f them as f.ill.iws : "The Turkisli Patrol, Smyrna," (2l)x;i(i inches) s.8,S,-.0 ; " (;.iing out from scho.il— Turk- 
 ish," (water color) ;i4,000 francs ; "The Ass and the Wise D.igs," sold by the artist f..r 4,000 was re-a.ild for 27,000 
 fraiies. He was thrown from his horse and kille.l while huntiii-,' in the forest of F..ntainbleau in the year 18t;0. 
 
 DeCeck, Xavier H..rn at Ghent (Helgium.) Disthi^liished as an animal and landscipe painter. Medal 
 at Paris, 18.')7. 
 
 DeCeck, Ccesar. — H.irn at Ghent. A painter ..f landscapes. Meilals at Paris, Is.;: and '00. 
 
 DeHaas, Wm. F. -li..rn at It.ilterdam, 1830-1880. I'uiiil ..f Hosb....ni at the Ilaiiue. I,eft H..lland ill 
 1854 and settled in New V..rk giving his attention t.. tin. painting ..f mast scenery. Am..iig his works may be 
 mentioned, "Fishing H.iats ..IT M..uut Desert," "L..wer Harbor. it Halifax, N. S," " Kveiiing at Halifax." 
 
 DeHaas M. F. H.. N. A. i'.'.'o ;.t It'.ttcrdani, 1832. Studieil at the Hague. In 1857 he received the 
 
lilOCiRAl'HICAL. 
 
 4r 
 
 Mea;il 
 
 he ^at., na Acaclon.v. and wa« aI«o ,.„e „f the ori,M„al n.en.hers of the America,. Sueietv of Painters in \ te 
 Colors. In 1807 he exhibited his ■' Farra,^ufs Fleet passing the Forts below New Orleans. •' 
 
 •'Sefr!fs??^>i' ^; ^;' "', '!•"'?•'• ^''"-""""' "' '"'■ ^'''''•" "' ""■""•• '"'« ^^•■' •'«'""'''. ^fen^ns to his 
 left f r > ™'''n :,^ ,^r^ """' ''"''"' '"'"'"tionin 187«, says : "We find the „Iac of bono; „t the 
 lef of he ^.allerv nobly filled by I. H. L. DeHaas, one of the .greatest of Iivi„.. aninu.l painters A irr ,1, of 
 «_e l-fe eattle. splendidly drawn and n.odelled, is resting at sunnner noon, unde'r the wati. le" o;^a' ^ 
 
 girl on pastures w neh run down to the shore. The fidelity with which the bree.l of eattle is represent J the 
 
 ii^j^o;!:""" ' '"""'' "" '" ""''^^' """ ""^" ""^ """"^ '^ "^""«^ ■"-' - ^-"> ti ":d::i;;: 
 
 ». T.°°?' t, -^" ^f""!} »"8tave-IJorn at Stnisburs 1833-1883, Chevalier of the Legion of Honor He went 
 o I ar,s fn 84„, and finished his studies at the Lycee Charle„.a,ne. His works are exceedinglv nn e . 
 
 nmlt.tnde of dlnstrations for journals, etc. His plate,, for the work of Itabelais, the legend of the Wan 1' 
 . e« the n,ble Don Quixote, the Inferno of Dante, poenusof Tennyson, etc., have n.ade bin, a worl.l wid fa,^' 
 In ater years he sfave ins attention to painting and sculpture. The Dore Gallery collection, London c, n tins' 
 nm, , of ns most note.l paintin^^s. Jarvis in "Art Thoughts" says of Dore, "It is hazardous to undert k , 
 a miyze be „fto a n>an who only thirty-two years of age has nude nearly fifty thousand designs ,u wo 
 ; r' TT ■' ™«'""1"'""^" "' '"'* '-■'>'"- '"• -"'i-t., as fannliar with the great writers of Englan. ^ 
 nan> Itav,and.Spau> as wth his own, and finally laid the whole Orient under contribution bv Tllust'ati ' 
 anew for he Nu,eteenth Century the Bible. . . . If the predominant trait of Delacroix was phvsi a fo"l 
 hat of Dore. s fiendish h,.rror, that which devils most enjoy, he n.ost heartilv depicts. A.lded t tli is a 
 feeumntyof .ment.on and a darksome flow of creative invention which places bin. the foremost of bifKi , 
 
 " "'" ''*>"• ''"^ ^'""^ '-•'•eateJ such an office as Designer-in-Chief to Hell, it is now filled by Dore." ' 
 
 Doughty. Thomas Horn in Phihulelplua 17!«-1S.^0. Spent bis youth in mercantile pursuits paintin.^ 
 u> lus le.snre mou.ents w.tbout a n.aster, gnulually developing a talent for art. which he adopted as a , of "n 
 about 1820. He worked in London and Paris as well as in the mited States and his landscapes du in'S l.fe 
 were very pojiular and are still prized. " "'* 
 
 P> ^f ''O^,^?;*' ISnace de Leony -Born in the Astnrias, Connnander of the Or.ler of Isabella the Catholic 
 Chevaher of the <.rders of Charles III of Spain and of Christ of Portugal. Pupil of Gerome in Pari, Hi ' 
 *".'■'' r '"'"■""■'' "■'"' ^'■""l'*'' '•«l"-''''C"tii'g the scenes of older times. At the Johnston sale. New Vork li" i 
 His "The quarrel of the Pets," (7 by <J inches) brought .*1,000. ' 
 
 wn^*^n '^^°^^^' ^- ^- ^"'" "' «'"t'^""' I'^-^f- Studied in the School of Design, Edinburgh, under Sir 
 «■ ban, A Ian, as n.a.le an Associate of the Royal Scottish Acaden.y in 1840. when be exhibited lis "Sco 
 and usL,tcTaryfnendsatAbbotsf..nI." He «ent to London in 18,.2. and in 18,^,o exhibited in U.e R,! 
 Acaden.y his ■ M.tberless I!au-n," the first of his pictures of homely rural life that brought him into promi e, ce 
 and perhaps the best an.l most touching of all bis works. In 18.16 he exhibited " Ere Care liegu.s," (his .liplom-! 
 picture) and was elected an Academician. .Many of his pictures have been engraved. At the Mo gan ' le 's 
 painting '• In Doubt." was sold for .^2,000. ' *" ** 
 
 Fortuny, Mariano-Bom near Barcelona, 1838-1874, Chevalier ot the Order of Charles III At twcn.v 
 jws of age took the ,;n> rf. linnu: He was placed on the staff of General I'lim, whom he aJcompanied to 
 Marocc.,, where he did much sketching. The war ended he went to Rome where he executed several works tl e 
 to Madrid to study the Spanish masters, and there painted his "Mariposa." and "Fautasv of M,.roeco " Retiirni,, . 
 to Rome, his reputation had become so great that he was unable to execute all the orders which' he received 
 
 i .T'.'? m" n u'', """""■'"" "'"' ''■''■" ""^"-' ■'"''-■'• "'' *''""""' '"'">■'-''••" «-t'-"— "'"•. (10 ''.V U inches) sold for 
 >mO, A Hall Porter, pen and mk, (7 by i",) brought m\ "St. Ger.,me," after Ribera, water-color (7 bv -.) sum 
 A.Mii,ly of an Arab," India ink, (U bv 7) brought *«.^, an.l i,i Paris "The Praver" wa.s bought bv INn,,,' 
 Ruthschihl for 1(1,000 francs. At the Morgan sale his picture "The Rare Vase," sold for sr.ioo. ' 
 
 Foster, Blrket-Bom in 182r,. Apprenticed to an English w..od engnvver. He devotwi himself to that 
 particular branch of art for some years, furnishing illustration for Longfellow's "Evangeline," his first important 
 work in ;,8.-,0; later he engraved the plates for the Ancient .Mariner, Pleasures of Hope. I'oets of the Nineteenth 
 Century, and other fine editions of standard works. About 1800 be turned his attention to drawin'g in water 
 colors. He exhibited in the Royal AcmLmiy. was elected an associate of the Societv of Painters in Water Colors 
 in 185!., and a full iKcinber in l,S(i2. Hi^ pleasant rural .-ccnes of a homely character, devoid almost exelusivelv 
 to the portra.Nal of child life, have been very p,.pular an,l have been very exterisivelv reproduced in ehroni,', 
 photographs and engravings. Among the better known arc "Nutting." "Little Anglers," "The Bum- Bee" 
 "Sailing the Boat," "Cows ill the Pool," etc. • '^''■ 
 
 Foley. John H,. R. A.- Born in Dublin !S1,S-187.^ .Studied in the school, of the K.yal Dubiln Society, 
 
48 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 1: 
 
 1111(1 lieciiim^ H stiiiU'iit ill the Kn.Viil Araileiiiy, Liiiidnii, 1834. First oxliibitcd iit tlie Unyiil Aoiuleiiiy "The Death 
 of Al)el." Exeuutcil stiitues uf HaniiMleii for I'arliaiueiit House, of Father Matliew for the City of Cork, of .lohii 
 Stuart Mill Stonewall .lacksoii, Burk, (iolilsiiiith. Lord Clyde, (irattau, Outnini, Die. In ideal workfs, " Ino and 
 Hacchus," " Caractaeus,' " The Muse of I'aintiiij,'," iS:e. Hi>< last and most important work was the fij^ure of the 
 I'lince Consort in the Albert Memorial Hall, London, fonimissionei". hy the Vueeii. but not east until after tlie 
 sculptor's death. 
 
 Foley, Margaret E. B'lm iii N'ew Hampshire, ilied 1877. Kntirely self taught as a sculptor. She 
 bean bv earviii;,' small fiffures in wood, and thoniodellinj;,' of busts in chalk. Later she found her way to Boston, 
 where she cut portraits and Ideal heads in eameo. She remained there seven years when she went to Home, 
 remaininir there during the remainder of her professional life. She died at Meuan, in the Austrian Tynd, in 
 1877. Among her works are busts of Theodore I'arker, Charles Sumner, " Cleojiatra, ' and othere, and statues of 
 " E.xcelsior," ".leiemiah," i.'i:c. 
 
 Frith William Powell— Born in Yorkshire, 1810. Member of the Royal Aoadeniiesof London, Belgium, 
 Stoekbohn and Vienna. Entered the school of the Koyal Academy, London, 18117. Exhibited in the British 
 Institution, 18)9, and in the Koyal Aealeniy, 1840. Among his turly works are, "An English Merry-Making One 
 lluiKlred Years Ago," "Coining of Age," " The I'arting between Leicester and the Countess Amy," "John Knox 
 and Mary (^ueen of Scotts," and others eipially well known by the engravings (jf them. In 184,1 he exhibited the 
 " Villa"e I'astor," and was made an Associate of the Royal Academy. In ISfiS he was elected Academician. In 
 ls,"i8 "The Derby Day," now in the National Gallery, Lomloii, was exhibited. "The Railway Station" was 
 cxliibited in 18(i'2, for it he received tlt.OHO (■'s4.'i,00i)) ; the purchaser, a picture dealer, re-sold it, with the sub- 
 scription list to the engraving, for tKi.OOO (.■'80,(100). His "Marriage of the Prince of Wales," painted for the 
 I'uceu, brought him £;-i,000 from Her Majesty, and t'>,00<) for the right of engraving. A few more of his many 
 iiictnres may be mentioned: "Henrv VIII and Anne Holey,. Iljer Sh loling," "The Love Letter," "Road to 
 Ruin," "Beneath the Doge's Palace, Venice, in 14U0," "P<dly I'ei.chum." "Nell tiwynii," "Sir Roger de Coverley 
 and the Perverse Widow," etc. 
 
 Gibson, John, R. A— Bom in Wales, 1700-1800. Member of the Royal Academy, London, and of the 
 academies of Rome, Turin, St. Petersburg, and Munich. He was an apprentice to a wood carver in Liverpool, 
 after spending some time in London he went to Italy in 1820 and was a pupil of Canova and of Thorwaldeon 
 Returning to England he was made an associate <if the Royal Academy in 18;j.'!, and a full member in IS.'iO. "The 
 Seasons," excuted in 1810, and now in the possessioii of Mr. lihulstoiie, is one of his earliest works. Among 
 others are "Mars and Venus," "Hero and Lcander," "Psyche," "Hebe," "Sappho," "Proserpine," and statutes 
 of the (iKieeii in Buckingham Palace, Sir Rcdjert Peel at \Vestiniii.stcr, etc. 
 
 Gifford Sanford, B. N. A.— Laudseape and marine painter, was born at Saratoga, 1823-1880. Studied 
 ill New York. In Is.'iO he visited Europe; returning to New York was made an associate of the National Academy 
 of Designs, sborlly after, and an Acailemician in ls.")4. In IsilO he made another European visit, sketching along 
 the Rhine, in Italy, Switzerland, Egypt and the Nile. His "Fishing Boats Coming into the Harbor of Brindisi," 
 sold at the .lobnstoii sale in ls70 for .81,.'i75. 
 
 Gifford. R. Swain, N. A-, was born in 1S40. opened -i studio in Boston in 1S04, removed to New York 
 in l5(i0, elected an associate of the National Academy in I8(i7 and Academician in 1878. He has sketched in 
 Oregon, California, England, Fiance, Spain, Italy, Morocco, Egypt, Algiers and the (Jreat Desert, ami has 
 executed characteristic pictures of the different countries which he visited. The Ail Jaiinial says, "R. Swain 
 tiiffurd was one of the most original of our ycnmg American artists." 
 
 Grundman, Otto Born at Dresden, 1848. Studied at the Aeadcniy of that city winning two medals, 
 also studied at Antwer|i and Paris. Was established at Dusseldorf in 1870 when be accepted an appointment as 
 Director of the Art School of the Art Museum of Boston. His works have been exhibited in (iermany and Bel- 
 gium, and include many portraits and i/eiin' pictures of interiors with tlgurcs, taken from the lift of the fishermen 
 of the islands of the Zuyder Zee. 
 
 Gbiberti, Lorenzo— -Y celelirated Florentine sculptor and goldsmith, was born in l;!8l. He was a 
 iMPiiipetitor oil the occasion of completing the bronze gates of the Baptistry of St John at Florence. The centre 
 gules opposite the west end of the Cathedral bad been put up by Andrea Pisanoaboiit a century earlier. Although 
 (ihiberti was hut twenty;two years of age he obtained the coimnission, the contract being signed '22nd November 
 140;t. The first set, representing the life of Chiist was coinineneed 1403 and linished in 1424. The second, with 
 histories from the (»ld Testament, was coinmenecd the f<dlowing year and completed in 14r>2. These great works 
 caused a new epoch in ornaiiieiital work, being remarkable for their bold and accurate iiiiitatimi in the details, 
 for their skilful modelling of the tlgiires, and masterly syinmetrical grouping of the whole, on a scale of magnifl- 
 ceiice and technical completeness altogether unpreceilented in modern art. During the forty-nine years Ohiberti 
 was occuiiied in these complicated works he exccuteil many others, monumental and ei'clesiastical. He died at 
 Klnrenci; in 144."i. • 
 
DIOGRAl'IIICAL. 
 
 49 
 
 Giotto Dl Bondone, was burn at Vcspi^fiiaiui ill l-iVii; he was a imiiil of Ciniiibue, and a|i|icaivs to have 
 Dwed tlie Uevelo|)nH'nt of his extraordinary faculties almost wholly to th;it painter, who in one of his walks neiM- 
 t'lorenue, saw (iiotto, then a shepherd boy, sketching' onj of his Hoi:k, and showinjf so nnit-Ii talent, Cinialiue per- 
 suaded t!ie boy's parents to let him bceomea pr )fessionil painter. P'lorence dates its prepouder.uife in thehisti)ry 
 of Tuscan painting: from the time of Giotto; his works mark the era of tlie first j,'roat epoch of the art in modern 
 times, thf riff id traditional forms of the Hyzantine ^'hool were finally laid aside for nature; tlie beautiful sup- 
 plantin;,' theliideoiis as the fundamentivl element of the canons of art. Giotto was painter, sculptor, architect, 
 and Mosaic worker; he enriched many cities in Itily witli his works, (chiefly in fresco) especially Florence, Home, 
 Naples, I'a.lua, and Assisi. He died at Florence, l:«(i. 
 
 Haag, Carl— liorii in liav.rria, 18-20. Pupil of Kcindel at Nurnberg-, and of Cornelius at Munich. He 
 travelle 1 in lielgiuni, France, Itiily, Eyvpt, Syria and Kngland. In the later country he became so enamoreil of 
 water color paintlni,', that he devotes himself to it and lives in London. He is a member of tlie Society of Paint- 
 ers in Water Colors. His laiidsciipes with figures are xer>- successful, especially those of Italian and Tyrolese 
 scenery. At a sale in London in 1870 his " Bedcmin's Devotion " (Water Color) sold for t73.'). "Eveiiin;; Scene 
 Milmoral," bclon!,'-.s to iiueen Victoria, and his "Head of an American," was purclia.sed by Prince Albert. 
 
 Hamerton, Philip G. -Born in 1834. Bosfan the study of art in IS.')!!. Studied in Paris in 18,')5. He is- 
 better known as a writer than as a painter. He early turned his attention to etchinif and published in 18U8 
 "Ktcliiny and Ktchci-s," illustrated by ori^'inal plates. He is founder and editor of the J'nitfnUn, a valuable 
 monthly art niayazine, devoted particularly to etchinjjs. Amony his works are " The Painter's Camp," " Paintlni; 
 in France," " Contemporary French Painters," etc. 
 
 Hogrartll, William, was bom in London, 1007. In 1730 he set up as a portrait jiainter with considerable 
 success, and commenced his remarkable series of satirical painting's reHectinu; on the social abuses of bis time : 
 "The Harlot's Prog^res.s," in 1734 ; the " Rake's Progress," in 173,') ; and the "Marriage a la mode," in 174.5, now 
 in the National Gallery, London. In 17.">3 he appeared as an author in his "Analysis of Beiuty," written with, 
 the idea of Hxinjr the Huctuatinif ideas of taste. In 17.'>7 he was appointad Serjeant painter to the King. He 
 died ill London, 'itith October 1704 and wiis buried at Chiswick. Hogarth was a L'leat painter as well as a great 
 satirist. 
 
 Haseltine, William Stanley, N. A.— Born at Philadelphia, began the study of art in his native city 
 under Weber, has lived for many years in Koine and Venice, devoting himself to landscapes, paiticnlarl\ Italian, 
 and Normandy scenes. Among his works are "Indian Kotk, Xaliant," "Castle Kock, Nabaiit," "A Calm Sea,. 
 Mentoiie," "Ruins of Roman Theatre, Sicily," "Natural Arch at Capri," etr. 
 
 Herkomer, Hubert, A. B. A. — Bom in Waal, Biwaria, I84t). Grand Medal of Honor at the Paris 
 Exposition of 1878. Member of the Liver|)ool Society of Painters in Water Colors, of the Brussels Institute of 
 Water Colors and of the Royal Society of Water t)olor Painters at the Hague. In IStiS, after a youthful life of 
 adversity he sold his first picture in Scnithamptoii and exhibited two pictures in the Dudley (Jallery. He then 
 went to London. In 1870 his "Hoeing" was hung in the place of honor at the Dudley. About this time he 
 became connected with the Oiaphlc, in which m.iny of bis •■ompositions have appeared, attracting much 
 attention. 
 
 Hlnkley, Thomas Hewes— Born at Milton. Mass., 1813, self-taught. He went to Em-ope in IS.'il for 
 tlie purpose of studying the wcirks of Landseer and other English and Flemi.sh masters. In IS.'iS he exhibited at 
 the Royal Academy two pictures of dogs and game. He has never copied or imitated any other arti.st, belie\ing 
 nature to be the only true source of knowledge. His pictures are in galleries in all the principal cities of the 
 1 1 lilted States. 
 
 Hosmer, Harriet Born at Watertnwn, Mass., 1831. Early in life she displayed a taste for art and bail a 
 few lessons in modelling from an artist in Boston. In lS")-2 Miss Hosmer went to Europe with her father and her 
 friend Miss Charlotte Cushman, becoming a pupil of Gibson in Home. Among her works may be mentioned 
 " Will o' the Wisp," " Sleeping Fawn," "Waking Fawn," " Zenobia," "The Poiiipeiian Sentinel," " Statue of 
 Marie Sophia, IJueen of the Sicilies," etc. " l\atrice Ceiici " is in the Public Library, St. Louis. 
 
 Inness, Georg-e, N. A. -Born InNewburg, N. v., 18-25. In 184(.i he began landscape painting as a pro- 
 fession, and made several visits to Eurojie for the purpose of observation and study, reinaining in It.ily fiom 1871 
 to 187.5. He was made National Academician in 1808. His studio is in New York. 
 
 ■ Inness, Qeorgre, Jr., oeeupying a studio with his father in New York, devotes himself to painting 
 animal subjects, among which are " The Foi-d," " Patience," " At the Brook " and " The Pride of the Dairy." 
 
 Jacque, Charles Emile Bom at Paris 1813. chevalier of the Legion of Honor. When seventeen 
 years of age he studied with a geographii-al engraver. He is characterized as a rustic artist. His knowledge of 
 sheep and poultry is simply perfect ; lie is ciilled " le Hapliael des I'ourceaux," from his exact accpuiintance with 
 pigs. His pictures illustrative of life in Burgundy, are marvellous in their minute representations, not only of 
 
50 
 
 HIOCIRAl'HICAL 
 
 the lariftr nbjeuts, but of details, of the utensiU, tni|iteiiiciitti, and all the piL'turc8()iie|>eculiaritie8 of that charin- 
 iiiff oouiitrv. Many stories are t'.lil of hiH Ixiyinj,' an old Hlie|ilu:rd do^' for a iiUMlel, his givlnir a new wheel Inirrow 
 for an old, liroken, weuther-Ktained one, etc., to the astonishment of the i)easantry at Hiirtiizon, wliere he built 
 a little house and a larjje studio in order to indtil^fe his love for all that the word rustic can suffirest. A eata- 
 loj,'ue was made of his en^^raviii};s lunnhcrini,' four hundred and twenty. His earlier pietr.res, like his etehinKS, 
 were small, but he has painted larirer ones ; " A Landscape ^ith a Hock of Sheep," is at the Luxembourg'. He is 
 a book illustrator, and by his contributions to " Charivari " has shown himself a i{ood caricaturist. 
 
 Jones, Owen---lioru in Wales, 180n-1874. He was one of the Superintending Architects of the Crystal 
 Palace at Sydenham, erected in IS.")], devoting himself particulaily to its decoration, an<l in 1873 he received a 
 medal for desij;ns furnished for the exposition buildin,' at Vienna. He was well known as a writer on subjeetg 
 conneoted with his iirofcssion. 
 
 Koekkoek, Bernard C— Horn at Middlebourg lS0;i-18C:J, Chevalier of the Order of the Lion (N'ethorlauas) 
 and of tlie .irder of Leopold (Belj,'iuni). SleilaU at Paris, Amsterdam and the Hague. Tlie lamlscapes of this 
 l)aiiiler lire much esteemed. At the Johnston sale. New York, IsTO, his "Scenery on the Upper Rhine," (32 by 42) 
 sold for S2,80O, "A Winter Scene in HoUaud" brought .■?ir>00. His "Interior of a Wood," sold in l.?74 for tl.OSO 
 Hterliiijj;. 
 
 Lance, George— Bom in 1S02-1804. Puiiil of Haulon and of the school of the Royal Academy. He was 
 a very successful painter of still-life, his works being in the possession of many n(d)le families of Kngland. He 
 executed a few historical and figure pieces, but was especially f,un jus for his fruiti and flowers. 
 
 LeltCh, John --liorn in 1517-1S(I4. Pupil of the Royal Aciidcniy, London. His sketches in lieU'n Lip' in 
 London, wen. the first of his works whicn attracted attention to bim as an artist. He was connected with 
 I'lmch as early as 1841, reniuiidng on the active staff of that journal for twenty-three years, and receiving it was 
 estimated t;40,0(.K) for his .services. Many of his sketches, cnlargeil and colored were exhibited in London in 1801, 
 drawing crowds of visitors and realizing some t:.'>,000. Among the great number of works iPujtnited by him are 
 Hook's "Jack Bragg,' several novels by Albert Smith, Mrs. Candle's Curtain Lecture!', Comic History of 
 Kii;;1and," "Comic History of Rome," "Christmas Numl)erof lilustrateil London News," etc. 
 
 Leys, Baron Jean Avtgtuste-Henrl Born at Antwerp 181f>-18(iO. Made Baron in 1802. Com- 
 maiider of the Order of Leopold, officer of the Legion of Honor Meinl)er of Aca<lemy of Antwerp. In 1833, 
 after three years study witli bis brother-in-law, he brought himself Into notice by 'ds picture of the "I'illagc of 
 Antwerp in 1.^7«1." This was followed by " AKIght between the Citizens of (ilieiit and a Party of Biirgundians," 
 and "The Massacre of the Magistrates of Louvani in 137'.l.'' In 1837 his "Ricli ami Poor" was bnught by the 
 «ioverinnent. "lUinbrandts Studio" was purchased for a gallery in (Jhent. His " Interior of an Inn Yard " is 
 in the .Museum of Frankfort. 'I'lic " Rencwul of Pub;ic Worship In the Antwerp Cathedral, after the Disturb- 
 ances of the Iconoi lasts" is in the Brussels .Museum. His pictures are very mimerous and are scattered all over 
 Knrope, many have been reprodnccci by the various modes of engraving. "The Promenade without the Walls," 
 "New Years Hay ill Klanders, ' and " Kranz Floiis going to a Fete given by the Confreres of St Luke," arc 
 among his eln'lK-ii'iHUfif. His "Interleur de Lnthei a Wittenberg," at a public sale brought v!3,,^ijJ fraucs, and 
 his "Uoelaratioii, " cUMiU, vvhiih was re sold within a ino.ith for 11 in guineas. 
 
 MelSSOnler, Jean Louis Ernest Born at Lyons ab.int I8l.'t. (Irand Oltlccrof the Le.donof Honor, 
 1S78. .Member of the Institute, IsHl. Three niand medals of honor and man\ other medals, lie is the fIrHt 
 French miniaturist of iii'iiii' subjects, vvho h is ohtained celehrlfy. He has been appreciated from the conimeiiee- 
 ineiit if his career, and receives honors and money wit'i ml stint, His works are vciv iinmerons and highly 
 valuiMl, III the Luxemb.iurg are ".Vapide >\\ III at Solfcriiio," on vvikmI, and "Thy Emperor Surroumled by his 
 Stall," also on wood. "A Fight ' was purchased b> the Lmperor for 2'i,000 francs, and presented to the late 
 I'rlnce Albert ; "Tlie Cavalry Charge," owneil In Cincinnati, Is said to have been purchaseil at a dst of irpi),O0(i 
 fr.ilics, At the .lohiistoii silc. New York, 187(i, the ".Soldiers at Cards" (8 by l(i\ painted in l»(lfl, solil for 
 iS\\,:m and "Maishall Save and Staff" (S by !> Iiiclie*), sold for ."'8,(100. At the Latham side. New York, 1878, 
 "The Amused Cavalier" l71 I'.v ,'i imhes, sold for ."MilO. His picture " 1807," which was purchased by the late 
 M'. Stewart of New York for more than 3on,nno fr,inc< ; It is saiil the artist worked on it fifteen veils Though 
 his paintings are very small tliev are not llkelv to be passed over in the most ci. vvded evt'.ll.liloiis. Ho |h, per- 
 haps, flic most pupniiir artist of our time. The little and miirveloiislv elaborated pletiircs, of vvlilch li(> Is the 
 supreme master in France, were unknown a« an object to Frelrh painters liefore he won so iniicb consideration 
 fur his smeesstul ilTorts to represent iiiilnre as seen Ihroiigh the small end of a tehsiopc. At the Morgan side 
 Ills picture "In Ibe Llbrar.v "sold for i*l(l,f)2ri, " .\ Stamhiid lleiinr" brought Sl.'.,()(i*i, and "The Vldutto, 1812," 
 ♦ir.,(Hlu. 
 
 Meryon, Charles Bom at I'arls. 1s2I1'MIs. Devote) himself to engraving and liecanie the li.st ettlier 
 n| liis .lav. til spile ..f bis eXveliilice ill li* ver fill liilils. if a|i|.ree:iilvil, and lie reil iiilu a misaiiiiiro|i\ nlnch at 
 length rendered hini inH.iiie. In a fll of madni'M lie ileHtroyed some of Ids lliieNt works. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 51 
 
 Murillo, Bartholme Bsteban, was bom nt Seville, Ist .laimary, 1018. He was a pupil of liis relative 
 Juan del C;i8tillii. In 1042 he visited Madrid, and was aided by Velaziuoz, then paniter to the Kinif— who 
 procured him permission to eo|)y in the Royul (Jallories. In 104.') he returned to Seville where he conmienoed 
 that yreat series of worl<f, "hieh have now made his name so |,'lorious. In IGiiO he estalilished an academy at 
 Seville. He died in that city 3rd April, 108;', in consequence of a fall from a scaftoldini,' at Cadiz, where he was 
 cnijaijed in the Church of the Capuchins, painting;- a l.arifc altar piece of St. Catherine. Mnrilhj's princii)al 
 works are ei;;ht larj^e pictures, which ho |iainted for the hospital of St. (ieorge, called La Carida«l, finished in 
 1074, but which were dispersed durinjj; the iieninsular war. "The Return of the I'rodiifal Son," and ".\hraham 
 Visited by the Aii;tcl8," in the possessioa of the Duke of Sutherland, "Christ Hoalini; the Sick of the Palsy," in 
 the I'ossession of Mr. Geor^'c Tomline, London; "Our Lady nt the Innnaculate Conception," painted in 1078, and 
 lately purchased by the French ),'overnment for t2;!,000 sterlinu, and the picture of the "Holy Family, or 
 Trinity," in the liritish National Callerj , are fine exami)les of this artist's later style, his earlier pictures, 
 chieHy fancy subjects, and illustrative of humble life, are painted in a forcilile 'niuner, with predomimmt dark 
 shadows, his latter works are of eipial truth of character, but in a more elevated and chaste style, and are almost 
 exclusively of religious subjects. 
 
 Muller, Charles LouiS—nom at Paris, 181.'i. Member cif the Institute, Officer of the Leuion of Honor- 
 This artist is well known by his picture of the "Roll Call of the last Victims of tlie Kei«;n (if Terror," now in the 
 Luxenhourj;. It is an innnense work, contains many fitfures and seventeen acknowledy-eU iiortraits. His 
 picture of "Charlotte Corday in Prison," is in the Corcoran (Jallery, Wasliiny;trin, an 1 is said to have never been 
 exhibited in any other place. 
 
 Paton, Sir Noel, was born in Scotland, 1821. He was a impil of the Royal Scottish Academy in ICdin- 
 bur^'h, and of the Royal Academy m London. His " tiuarrel ot Oberon and Titania," was purchased in 184il for 
 i;700, and placed in the National (iallery in Kdinburnh. He was KniKhted in 1807, upon his appointment as 
 (i>ncen's Linnier for Scotland. His "Good Shepherd," " In Mcnioriam," and "Home from the Crimea," are 
 owned by the t.Uieen. 
 
 Penley, Aaron Edwin---I!orn 1800-1S70. Water color artist, paintini; lands,' ipes, portraits and rustic 
 fi({ures. He was Professor of Draw inii in Woolwich Academy, water color painter to William IV., and author of 
 Several valuable books upon art subjects. 
 
 Penne, Charles Oliver de--. Horn III Paris. Medal 1S7.". Pupil of Coy:nict and .Iae(pu'; has madia 
 spec! dity of di';;s. Anion,:; his works arc "St. Hubert," "Fo^ Houud-i," "Kn,:,'li.«h l>i','s," "The Cry of the Wild 
 Hoar," "Norman l)oi,'S," aiul "Doy:sof Saint (.ermain and Skye." 
 
 PhiUppoteaux, Felix Emanual Henri -Rorn at Paris ISir.. chevalier of the Legion of Honor; 
 pupn of Coyiiict. The works nt thi< artist aic seen in many Knropuan uallerics. " Louis XV visitinu the 
 battlctlel<l of Fontenay," is at tlie I.uxcmbonru. He exhibitol at the Royal Aiadcnn , Loiidun, " The Cliarsje of 
 the Kn^lish Heavy Cavalry at the Rattle of llalaklava," and "The CharH:e of the French Cuirassiers at Water- 
 loo." " Tile Last liaiKiuet of the (iiroiidiiis," is at the Museum of .Marseilles. 
 
 Plloty, Carl Theodor von Horn at Munich I820. Meinl)cr 'nd ProfosJor of the Academe of Munich 
 His piiintiiiK "The KIcctor .M,i\imilian I adhcrin;; to the Citholic Lca'.'ue lOir.l," ;fained him iiinch reputation, 
 
 whicli was fiillowcd liy "Scni before the Ileal Wallestein, I'lie name oi u.v i.,..i^ jiountain, near Pnmuc,'' 
 
 "Tile Murder nf Walk tein," "(ialilco in Prison," etc. As an instructor he has been very successftil ami larnc 
 numbers of pupils Irive nathered aliont him. His " Nem walkiic anian'.; the Ruins of Rome," is m;U'\cl|cnis in 
 tlie intensity of ill realism. His " Thnsnclda at the Triumph of (Jcrmaiiiius," was purchased b\ the Kmperor 
 of Oerminy for ;«),000 Horlns and place 1 in the I'inakothek at .Muniili, 
 
 Powers, Hiram -Horn in Vermonl lS0.'i-lS7;i. He Icnrneil the art of modellliiij in ('liiciim;iti, and 
 aciplircd Slime liic;d reputation fur bu-'ls of such men as Cilhouii, Wi hstei', .linkson and Clay. He went to Italv 
 111 I8;i7, settling in Florence, wlu'ie the rest of his Utc was spent. " The (ircek Slue " (the work upon which 
 nmcli of his fame now rests) was finished in islil. Of this fiifinc some six or eialit c uiie from Poweis' studio. 
 The first, sold for .">J,t)0(>, was taken t 1 Kn^land and Is now in the ifallery of the Duke of Clevdanil, the second is 
 in the Corcoran (iallery at Washiinton ; the third beloii«s to Karl iMidley ; the foiu'th, purchased b.v Prince 
 UemidolT for H,o ( », was sold at th il nolilem ni's death for •■^1 i,i«li» to A. T. Stewart of New York ; the fifth copv 
 is in tile possession of Hon. K. W. Stoiitfhton. Many of his other works have been extensively re|HMited. His 
 " Pciiscroso," III the Lenox Library, New York, has never been cnpleil. Other of his Ideal subjeits are " F.vc 
 IMsconsolate," " F.iith," " Hope," " Cliarity," "Civtie," " Proserpine," "Christ," "Cnllfoniia," " Piiriidlse Lost," 
 eti'. Hlsst.iluesof Washinut'in, Webster, Franklin, .lefferson, Calhoun, and others, are In American cities. 
 .\monn the disllnnnislicd persons wliohivc sat for their |Kirlrait Imsis were .lohn i,f. Adams, Calhoun, .laikson, 
 Van llureil. Abbot Lawrence, Sliddell, IJeoru-e Pcahodv, Vaiiderbilt, K\crctl, et '. 
 
 ProtOgeneS, a celcliiati- 1 palnt.r, was a native of .\ intlins, In Carin, and II Hiilshed H30 H, C, In the tinu 
 of Alesamler the (ireat. He li\'' I prm.lpally at Rlio.les, where lie wis hell in little honor until Apelles paid 
 
52 
 
 lilOCiRAl'lIICAI, 
 
 him a visit dL-duriii- tli-.it Pi-ot..!;ene9 was only inferior to liimself in one iwrticular, tlv.it lie litMtiiwed too inudi 
 pains in tlnisliin- his paintiims Knmi that moment tlie rjpat.ition oi I'rotoyone.^ was estahlislioil. His finest 
 paintin- was that repi-esentins; the 1,'nuulscm of Sol, whicli he took seven year.-, to Hnish, havmir put uu it four 
 conrses'of color that it mi-lit be less liahle to be obliteratoa by a-e. Having,' been placed m a temple at Ubo.les 
 when the citv was besie-e.l bv Demetrius, ami tlie paintin- beiiu in danger of bein- destroyed, Demetrum is 
 said to have retired rather than risk its destruction. It was afterwards carried to Home and placed m tlie 
 Temple of I'eace, where it was destroyed by fire. Other paintiiiiJts of ITotoi-eiies are recorded as very hne. A 
 Satyr playing on a sbepherd'j pipe, a portrait of Pythias the mother of the philosopher Aristotle, a fan, and 
 portraits of Alexander. He was the author of two books on luintinii. 
 
 Poynter Edward J. R. A.- Born in Paris, IS3U. lie was a stideiit of I'Kcoledcs Ueaux-Arts, Settled 
 in London in ISOO. In Isiil) exhibited " Pr,«eri>ine," when lie was elected an Associate of the Hoyal Academy ; iii 
 1870, "Androme.la;" in 1871, "The Supplicant to Venus;" In 1872, "Perseus and Andronie.la ;" m 18.4, 
 '•KhodoiK3 ;•• in 1870, "Cecil WedHewood." and "Atalanta's Kace ;" in 1877, "The Fortune Teller" (deposited on 
 his eleeti.m as an Academecian) ; in 1878, "Z.nohia Captive," and a ,,ortrait of Sirs. Laie^ry. He was for some 
 time a Director of the Art School at South Ken»ini,'ton Museum, 
 
 Bogers John, N. A. Horn at Salem, Mass. In early life he studied en-ineerin^-, afterwards entered a 
 machine shop' where he remained for elKht years, modelliuiv in clay during- his leisure nioiiients. He vi.-ited 
 Kurope in IS^-iS. UeturiiinK- to America in IS.^W he executed the lirst of his small plaster ^-roups cnlled the ' Slave 
 
 Auction." (/uicklv following' this were the "Picket Uiiard," "Takiir.;- the Oath, riie Wounded Scout,' "One 
 
 More Shot,"aiid other war subjects, whicli met with p..puh.r sueceis. Uiter "The l.'oundhn-," " Hide and Seek, 
 "The Mock Trial," and others were executed, nieetinji with like public favor. 
 
 Spartan, Maria (Mrs. Wm. I. StUlman.) A resident of I,.mdon. Has exhibited at the Koyal 
 Acmlemy, Dudley Ualler.v , National Aetuleniy, New York Exhibitions and at Philadelphia Centennial Kxliil)ition. 
 Sandam Henry-Horn in Canada about the year 184i. He has studied in Kurope. Itesides in lioston, 
 where he ha. a'stmlio. His lar-e historical paintin;; of the battle of Lexin^'ton, styled the " Dawn of Liberty," 
 has Just been purchase,! (at acost of .-4,000) for the Town Hall of Lexington, where the first revolutionary blood 
 was shed The scene is laid on the Common, where the conHict took place, in the early «ray light of the morn- 
 init The liritish re«nlars are represented flriny into the band of rustic revolutionists, the back ground is formed 
 
 bva farm house and orchard, and a church. On the riKlit stands a line ,.f liritish ti ps tlrniii by 
 
 platoons, further to the ri-ht is another body of re;;ulars advancing to pirtkiiMte in the fray. Most of the 
 revolutionists are flrintf at will; others are supportiUK their w.mnded. In the lixht fore,'rouud is seen Major 
 Pitcairn orderiim' his columns to tire. The picture is surnmunted by the legend, -Too te« to resist, too brave in 
 Hy." As a work of art the picture has been praised by eonipeteiit artists, ani.>ns them Is Mr. Herbert Herkomer, 
 the successor of Mr. Ituskin in the Chair of Art lii the Oxford Vniversitv . 
 
 Thorwaldaen, Bertel Albert-Horn at Copenhagen, mtb November, 1770 He attended tlie Da.nsb 
 Academv. where he soon made such progress as to undertake the carving o. tiguivdieads (or ships In !,,« he 
 won the principal gold medal of the Aeuden.y, which gave him the privilege of studying abroad at the expense .,f 
 the government, whereupon he proceeded to Italy. He was in lio.ne in 1812 when Napoleon was expected to 
 visit that citv, on which occasion be greatly .llstingulshed himself by a sketch of the ••Triumphal entry of Alex- 
 ander into liabvlon," which he completed with such expedition that the frieze in plaster was fixed n). m one ..f 
 
 the halls o, the ...ulrinal Palace within three months of the date of the commission. It is a i M-'-'ti"'' " 'feat 
 
 extent measuring about 4 bv P'O feet He attervvnnls ae,,ulred the highest Kuropean fame by the tollowlng 
 works : "Christ and the twelve Apostles," and "St. .lohn preaching i:, the Wilderne-s," (both novv ii, the Church 
 of (Mir Ladv at Copenlnmei.) ; the monument of Copernicus, Maximilian ot llavaria, Pius \ II, Prince I onlatow- 
 sky and others. He returned to Copenhagen in ls4'2, and died th.re smhlenlv in the the die March ■.4. 1M4, of 
 dlsctt.,e of the heart, aged seventy-three. He be.,ue«lbcd all works In his possc-slou to the dt, o Copenuueii, 
 to form a distinct collection, and the city now boasts of a great art museum, containing specimens of many 
 
 classes of art, besides 1 ks. etc.. known as the Thorvvaldseii Museum, He left suttident finals f. endow It and 
 
 enable it to eonstantlv ad.l to the collection, foreign as well as Danish works. He was never married. 
 
 Ten Kate Herman. F K— Horn at the Hugue, ISi^J. He was a commissioner of tb,' Netherlands m 
 
 the i.vposltlonof ls78. Medals at the Hague. Philadelphia and other places. Pupil of Kniseman at Amsterdam 
 
 Thackeray, William M-noin m India, IsIMkOH. Hc spent some time in Paris stud.ving art, but the 
 
 ,„,„ ualf win« o, his prolcsHlon hc abandone.l tor lilernture, illustrallng, however, and very cle.rly. his 
 
 '•Canlc Tales and Sket.hes," ••Irish Sketch Hook," ••Vanity Kan," "I'endennes.^' etc heshlcs drawings f,r /'^nc. 
 
 A volumo published In I I Is7.-., contains nearl.v six hundred of his original drawings and sketches, fully 
 
 cslablUliIng Ids elalins to an I rable position am..Mw the aitists ..f tlie nlueteulith euntury. 
 
 Troyon Conetant • Horn at Sevres (Pran.e) l8lo-l8>l.-,. Chevalier ..f the Legion of H mor and member 
 ..f the Acadein.v of Ain-lcr.! in.. Painter of laiivUeapes and animals, Ids works are much esteemed. At a sale In 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 53 
 
 I, 1S70. "The Autunn, -Landscave and Cattle - ;■> -K ^, ,,,. ..,,,,tura,e lu Nonuanay, 
 
 Villiers," brought *8,1()0, •'Ucturn fiv.ui the Kum, ..l.,...>J, 
 
 ^.350. and "Cow Chased hy a U,,..'' .0,100. ^^^^__^^ ^^^ ^ .^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^ ^^ 
 
 Tintoretto. Jacob Robust . ca ed ' - ^^^ ^^itian, eau.e for leaving- unknown The sp.n ,, 
 
 "''^ ""'■ „ . , ., n« Sllva Y was horn at Seville in 1509. He vi.ited Madrid in 
 
 Velazquez, Don Diego BodrlquezDeSilvaY ^^^ ^^^.^^^^ ^^^^^ .^ ic-.o and a,an, n 
 
 1,,,., „„i the followin,^ year was apponded eon t l'"'"^^ ' ^^,„^,^j i,„o. Vela..,uez h,« the re,.atat.on of 
 \Z to n.aUe ,n.rehaHes of work, of art for the kn,j, ^ ^^ ^.f ^ a portrait painter, but he excelled alHo m 
 L„.'the.West.,fSpani.lMnun.er8;he.»elneny ch^^'^^"^^^^^^^ ^„ ,„„ ,„t^,,u«t sehoo . he 
 
 :;v. Umdscapes and ..m. ; like the .-jorjty of ^ -' r k m Hi« ^reateBt work, are HtiU at Madnd. 
 pointed life as he found it with extraordn.ary force. faciht.N « ^^_^ 
 
 Vibert. Jeban Geov.es- Horn at ^':: ^Z.JTl^^^^^^'^-^ - -■"- ';-"l;7- ^l 
 Beaux-Arts. He has been since l..i3 a regular con abut o h ^^^^ ^^^^^^^^_^^ ^^^^,,,,^,„ 
 
 M„r.an sale "The Miss.o-.ry s ^'^ J / j; ^ ^ ;,^„, ..V,,,.. «,.„.u.V (Id by 21) *2.m 
 
 Verboeckhoven, Eugene -^^^T^-^'^Zh^^^^^^'^'^'-^^^^^ and decorated with the Inm 
 U,e order of Leopold of l.lgbnn and ,^;; "^ ^J^ ^: ^^ ' .etersbur.; he devoted hin.self to the pau.ting o, 
 
 -■:- ,^'t' U ".^ru;::':::l: "orp^^irUeep .eavingthe n." brought ..OOn, 
 
 annnals; dieil li'Sn. .\i lo' ■" >- ,., ,, 
 
 Verboeckerhoven, Charles Louis.-Hom 
 
 subjects 
 
 ni in liclgiiun, 
 
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 St. John. New Brunswick. 
 
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