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AND GEORGE GOODER- HAM AND THOMAS GIMRs f'.LAGKSTOCK Dekentants. / EVIDENCE OF CLARENCE KING, WALDEMAR LINDC^REN . Taken at Trial at Rossland, an.] ROSSITER W. RAYMOND, commencing April I7th, 1899. A. H. MacNEILL, Solicitor for Plaintiffs. A. C. GALT, Solicitor for Defendants. ,j*' /■•■/ ' >■ ^- * aNO COUP LD. ^ / \ h M 0099S4371 I i \ l\ V I / B \ ™ \ I \ k \ y i ^^&0n Ar1S ?*y»Uliiaj£L!lliMi»u — *^j-. ,)^1iiiM t -rsity? A. T am. ^ Q. What course did you take there? A A ientifie ,.ourse. involv- ing chenustry, mineralogy, physics and geology. 10 1 ^Po^' ,^- '"'^ '""■" ■'"" ^"^"'^'''' "' ^^^'' '"'^^■'"S ^"^'-' ' -'^- I ^-raduated in 1862 and m the early spring of 1863 I .rossc.d th,. con, ,..nt, riding on horv- back from St. Joe to San Francisco to join the Geological Survey of California, which 1 did join m September of that vear ' ■ 15 Q. How long were you witli the Geological Survev ,f California' A Intil t^ie autumn of 1867, with a short interval, in which i was in the service ol th(^ United states Engineers. Q. Did the Geological Sur^-ey of California involve at that time anv numng qu.Htions or examinations of the oountry with reference to mining? 20 A. It did, but they were identical, iu a measure, to the larger Avork. H I VI'' ^ ^ Mr. BodM'cll: Unless my friend especially Mnnts tl.is on tlie rooord I am perfectly ^viiling to admit that Mr. King is a perfect!, qualified scientific man to speak on the questions involved in tliis case. _ _ The Coirrt: I do not suppose eitlier party will he satisfied vnth mv de- ^ csion-I will pay myself that compli,uent-the case will p, t. anothe;. tri- hunal, and that other tribunal would like to know exactly what this gentleman IS. ^ou had better have it all down, on both sides. Mr. Davis: I know it is quite re,)ulsive to Mr. King's mode.stv to have in all this come out, but you cannot help it. " The (\>urt: Xo, you cannot help it. It is the same as in the case of a niedical man being examined. He states, in the first place, in so manv words, that Jie IS competent, by telling you where he got his degree. 15 Q. When did you leave the Geological Survey of California, Mr. Kino? A. In December, 1867. "' i«p«; ^^^f ^7^.y°"*^^-''S^'ii»«fterthat? A. lu the earlv sprimr of 1868 I was phu-ed m charge of a geological expedition cnlle.l "The Unke.l 20 States Exploration of the 40th parallel." It was under the AVar Denirtment and particularly under the Bureau of Engineers of the armv under wl.ich I receued my appointment. This expedition was designed to cover the country on bemg then opened by the then building Central and Union Pacific Railroads. ' Q. Did tlie examination of tlie mineral resources of the countrv form any portion of tliat exploration? A. It did; that was a special portion. Q. Who had most to do with th'at particular part^ A. :\[r. James Ilayden. 30 Q. Were you engaged in that branch? A. I was, particular]^- in ,, nve.t.gat.ng the Comstock Lode, the greatest lode c.er discovered in' tl,e ^^ Lnit^d States, and on which as a result of that examination I wrote a memoir Jor the Liuted States government wliich was published in a portion of the report of the expedition which I made; also, other contributions to minino- liter- ature. ^ 40 Q. ^yh^m did you leave that employment, _Mr. King? concluded it in 1876 or '77; I can not quite remember. A. I think 1 5 Q. What were you engaged in then? A. In 1S«0, the u,.v, nnnent held under different departments of the governnu.nt. eondndod t., u,:it. or raJK-r, to discontinue expeditionary .vork under different departmenN ,u.l jnstituted the United States Geological Survev, .hi.h should he a ;:,:;.,:;;; fnireau of the government. In that inauguration, I ^-as placed at the hend of it and ^vas the first director. ■ . u, Q. That would involve, I suppose, more or less examiiia.io,i of th, uin- era resources of the country? A. Tt was left very much to me to decide te .arly pohcy of the Survey, and my very first efforts were directed to ,n„ll. ' " series, or to ordering and preparing for a serie. of exhaustive stu.lic. .,f U.e great mining districts of the United States as they should develop into promi- nence. That policy has been to a certain extent followed by my su.-cessor. Unit?; JTV^^'V^'^r"" '"'"'" "* "^' '"^'■''^ "^ '^'' Geological S.n.ev of tlio Lnited States? A. Two vears. 10 15 Q. Since then what have you been engaged in' suiting mining Avork, and partly in trends stiuly and investigation. A. Partly in con- 20 on my private account, in geologic.d Q- -t" ^vhat different countries and Mdiat different portions of the United States as one of those countries, have you examined the mines, or inanv o 1 e 25 .n-nes? A. 1 have visited nearly all the prominent districts in tiie U i ed States and made more or less of a study of them, sometimes verv slightlv to '' et a hint of their structure, sometimes more carefully, but thev invoh-e t'he lend- ing districts of Nevada, like the Pecos, Virginia City, Eureka, and the Icb 1 districts of Ltah,-at least most of the leading districts of Utai,, Colorado aiiS 30 l^art of Dakota, parts of New Mexico, practically the ^vhole of California and Arizona. ^ot absolutely the M-hole of any state, but most of the lea.ling districts. "wiuj. Q. And what countries outside of the United States? A. Eurone nnd ^5 ^orth Africa and the islands of the Pacific, parts of them all. Q. And Mexico also? A. And Mexico, very freely over Mexico. Q. ^Vhat experience have you had yourself in actual minino? V t Lave been both president and dircc^ting engineer of mining complnie. " " In particular, I was the first president of three companies whidi op,' e the las Pnetas HI the State of Sonora, Mexico, of the I.as Ye dras, in the'st.te o Sin ioa, and Soml.rete in the State of Zacateeas, ^[cxico. 40 6 Q. Yon have been in Ros.^land, I believe, before your present visit? A. Yes, railing the present visit a double one. Q. Xo. T mean the one this month. A. I eamo here verv early i FebniPry and passed a v/eek and returned on the 6th of April. ■ m Q. But prior to that time I believe you were in Rossland? A. Prior to thar, time in LS05, if I remember rightly, I ^vas here, both in '95 and "JC, c.r 10 94 and 9,5; I can not quite remember. Q. At nny rate A. In the eariy sfjges of the district. Q. In two separate years before? A. Yes. ^^ Q. At that time, did you make any examination of the mines of Ross- land camp? A. I visited, but I did not make any exhaustive ei:amination of any one; but I visited and passed many hours here, in the W-u- Eagle the Le Roi, I went through the Josie, through the Cliff, of the works that were then_ opening in the Monte Cristo, and some of the smaller claims like the .Monita and ^o. 1, and that is about all. I took a general view of the district not very precise or particular. ' 20 _Q. And you were here in February for about a week, vou sav, in con- nection with this case? A. With this case, vcs, sir. 25 Q. And you have bec-n here in connection with this case since when the present time? A. Since the 5th of April. ' 30 _ Q. And how much of your time have you devoted, or have vou .l(>voted It at all, to an examination of the property in disput«i in this action « " \ AYell r have been underground almost every day, and have devoted a good part of the rest of iny time to the study of tlie questions involved. 35 Q. So that your examination of the ground in dispute has covered be- t\vecn tliree and four M-eeks? A. Yes. Q. Xow, periiaps as explanatory of the evidence you will aive later on ]\Ir. King, It might be well for you to give a brief geological sketch of tlie con- ditions that you find in this camp, and the relationship tliev bear to the o'eneral condiiions elsewhere? A. The district immediately about RosslaiKf is, iis is commonly known, a part of a very great whole, wliich whole is the uiuun- 40 fnin system thnt borders the Pacific from Cai)e Horn tr, the Arctic Sea It is a system thus covering an arc of nearly half the oroat circ^le of the gloi,,- and has Its widest expansion about the latitude of «un !■ raucise,. where it is 1 •'«)() or 1,400 nulc.s wide That mountain system ranks next in physical iu.port'a'nco to that of the east and west systen.. which traverses Asia and Europe, but unlike tliat system it is an empire of mines; and its geolo-v JM-shle. liavim,' a lii-h ab- fctraci interest, lies at the basu of the knowledge of minimr for this immoiiso area. The quantities involved in this system of the Cordilleras are -reat almost beyond belief. Tliey involve the superj.osition of strata amouutiuo- to over 11^0,000 feet in actual measured thickness; tliey iuvulve a liistorv from very near th,. dawn o' geological history— absolutely until to-dav, of enornious dynamic action and effect. And this dynamic action has consisted in the up- heaval, in the depression, in the crushiiio; and folding together, and in the dis- location of enormous blocks of this great territory. Tiu; sedinieutarv series which I have said amount to over 100,000 feet, are derived from tl'u older rock> in their immediate neighbourhood. So far as wc have been able to sec, those sediments have never travelled to very great distances. Sometimes a' series of strata amounting in all to 40,000 feet have been piled up consivu- lively and continuously, and without break; but all these series of various et)i- sodes of sedimentation have ended in a destructive dynamic period, and tiiey have been crushed, upheaved or depressed, and then the process of sedimentation has begun under new terms. These dynamic events Avliich punctuate, as it were, the history of the whole of these Cordilleras, are due undoubtedlv to the unbalancing of the forces of gravitation and of equilibrium. It is very well known to geology that if you load any area with a heavy mass of sediment, that area subsides; that if you unload any area, that area will rise. Conse- quently, whenever an area rises near an area which is stable or is sinkiuu', there is a dynamic strain, and if that strain passe;; cohesion, passes the point of the elastic limit of the rocks, or the cohesive limit, they are ruptured by these tremendous strains and the action usually ends in the eru|)tion and "the re- ndjustment of the equilibrium — and the eruption of melted mutter from the Mibjacent a< ,. It is in these periods of stress and strain to which the roeks and -whole distances and whole enormous areas and ranges, and M-liole mountain ranges, have been subjected that the crushing and straining and fracturing and Assuring takes place, which is the birth of a mining district. 10 15 20 25 30 35 I do not mean to indicate that every crushed area, or every fissure or block of country is the birth place of a mining district, because mim>ral veins owe their origin to two processes; one is the fissuring of the rocks, or the solution of soluble rocks on lines of fissure, and the second process is the filling or deposi- tion of mineral matter on, in, along and near these fissures. So that a mining district requires two periods of action; I mean a block of country requires the tv,o classes and periods of action to bring it from an amorphous mountain mass into a mineral district. These periods of crushing have never occupied a verv 40 II i»if f^iri''';;!;.;:!r'T"'"'"';^ ''^^^^ " ^''^^ "^^ ^"^''-' --i»-o episode. wi.i..h olluu [Mu,.!, o a....,n.n.L.tion uf .tvata, peri,,,]. „f upLeMval, a ul p,M-i.M|s of depression, hut short as thov are, tliev have ei..l..,l ;„ i i • of thsCord.lh.ra. system with eruptive roeks, m,.If,.„ wh..,. they e,.„ie o„t and Avlnch Imve e.Kded nn.ler or upon the surfa.-,.. There are fields of , t.vo rocks .hieh eover n,a,,- thousands of s,,uare n^le tl ! .: h iZ whieh are extren.elv s.uall. And, as I say, these periods h..,an n . a^ i^ t^colopeal aoes, and lune gone on praetieally to 'he prosenK 10 has r^olfitfilnl "t' ;•""'' '"" '""' '''''''"' "' ""- -"^ 1--'^'^ ort u ul t ^'l"- -tion as to speeies, and in a e-Mlain H.ea.nv as to .r g.n, and nl.o to a rougher eh,ss.fi,.afio„ in tinu, that is to sav, the ro.ks hn.c. ot tl,e Cand.raan, are of a dilFerent eh,ss fron. those wlneh a ,. ern,,, 1 ,- r>n. fron. present v«i-'l tiue,_ ,ay the Jura-Tnas, or the beginning of the Tretaeeous. Th^v h..^. -, certani textud res.nblanee to the roeks of that period. Thev nn.: he tn^ oi they may be earlier; so far the data are wanting for the exa^t p.-iition but for all pracfchl purposes they may be assigned to a ndddle geolo'ieal pe^-iod A\ e are here, as ,s properly known, I believ., on the vent of an extinct vlleano one which undoubtedly reared its head high above the present surface, ^ ' vluch ucut through various episodes of eruption. Those episodes are recu-ded here first, in a complex mass which represents the base and center of a volcano; rt r ';J;'' " '"'" ""'^ '^"'•""= "-"P*^^^ ^^ fragnientarv roeks wM, h ere undoubtedly associated with the extrusion and ejection of 'water, .so t at to a ^■ery large extent they shew the effects of water. Thev are often mud «nd are all to be elassea under the head of tuffs, volcanic tuffs. Th.-v Z2^ tae region in a ring; you can see them half way from here to Tmil Treek- you can see them between here and where the Red Mountain Railroad deseond; 25 .SO 35 40 9 towanl. SI.,.,.p rr..,.k; fhoy nro on the top of Hd ^[..utifMii,, ur„l tli-v ,11 „ th.; otluT Hide of til,, vall.'y to tho suiithwanl., forming in ir...i.r;.l « rin- Icavi.,- thj^ ccntrnl axi.il part of a vol.-mio im isolated i-uns .,f ^n-k, usually ti.ie Kraiiioil rocks, Imvu.K " width of nlx.ut » mm! • a mile and a i.alf north ami south, and, perhaps, five mile^ ca^t and west. _ The roeks of that central mass nro those which eiiehwe tlie vei,w n{ the dis- iru't. and tliey aiv th... roeks whieh are of interest t,. thv miner here They leiv.. he,.,, m,.r,. „r less st,„li,.d l,y tho Canidian (ieol.,-i,.al S,m.v..v an.l (h,^v Jiav,. h,.,.„ ,..„„pa,.ed l.y Mr. Ferric.r wit), tho staiula,-,l tvpes f,.,„„ i.H,,.,. |,„.,,ii- t.es _ [ have n,yself had the opportunity of i,oin. over with l,i„, th... thin sli,les or th.n n„c„..s,.,.pi,.al sections ni tl„.se .•o..k3 and comparing-, then, with th,- Pear- fon types, and chips in sn.nll pi....es. hut euou^rh to n,ak „„parison f, , ,, Hmilnr d.str,et to the east of l„.re. The rocks as you n.ilk „v. r th.. .„.- face show thivo easily, ..easonahly well-defined typ,.s: o,„. i. the .-o-.k whi,.I, we jee here .n th,. ,.„t hefo.-e rs. T have not e.a,nine.l tl„. ..„t pni-tieuhirlv, hut I have .ee,. enough to realize that the hulk of it is of a typ,. of ....k whi,.l. forn.s the h. Is directly ,n front of us and which is the country r,.,.k of these i,un,..,li.,te ne„.hl ounn.u. nunes. That rock has a dark, greenish-oi.av cdour usuallv of fi„e gram, so,neti...e.s coarser p.ain..,l ....k. which is v..ry tou.h. hivak. .li,H,.ultlv nn.le,- flu. hamnur, ,s cdicult to scratch, and under th.. ,ni,.,.os.„p,. as w,.ll .'.s in plain virion, is often .ecu to b,. pyrrhotite. and in pla,.,.s the oridnal structure has been more or less obliterated by co,np,.essiou an.l subs,.cp,e„t ch..n,i,.Ml a,-- ,ou. Ihe nucroscope slu.ws this ,.ock is an an.oif,. ,.,.,.k. for,u..,l .,f auui... and tn,.Iin„. feldspar; and a eonsi,lo,.al,|,. .,,,1 va.-ying p,.opo,.tion of monoclini.. fVl.l- spnr. To the east of here and in the neiKhbourho,.d of the Ii-on TTo.v,. ,.Iai„, tliere appears a darker, much closer grained series of rocks for.ned like th,.s,. of ..ng,t,.s and frhdinic fehlspars, but with less or none of the ,uono..li,u,. f..l,|.,„, nnd each lollowing very near the tyj-e known as gnbbro. At the ext,-e,ne w<.si o± the body .vher,- the Josie ravine ,.on„.s ,lown towards Sh,.,.,. C,.e,.k an.l ,u..,.ts the road f,-om here to the mines, th,.re outcrops a conshlerable area of a tl.ir.l variety ot ,.ruptive roeks of the same nenerai familv, which consists of hor-,- blende, n.on..el,n,c feldspar and ortho,.lase. These th.-ee t^■pes are un,loubf,.dlv local variations of the same general melted mass. Everv .>ne who has stn.lied voh-anoes, or volcanic districts, must realize— must know-that one of the pecu- liarities ,^f the avernge volcano the w..,.].! ,,ver is that it i.s of this district. (^ Von may just explain, Mr. Kinu, what a dvk.. is. A. .A dvke is oriuinally a tissnre cxtendinK through tho course of the nvk to the drop „„fil .t .nnrsects Home po.d or hody of molten matter, wliLd, ase..,ids in ind tills the er.tck, an.l the lillerl matt-r in this crack consists of the dvke, is the dyke. Q. '111.' fillifiM-, ||„.„, „,,nld he fon^itrn? .\. Iniiusive. lielow Q. Foreif,., to the ro.-ks snrronn.ling it^ .\. Foivian. intrusive from Q. Are they limited to any particular size, or do they varvC A. Tl vary to a \-ery f;reat size. lev 10 20 Q. From M-hat? A. I have seen them from an inch to l(»(i feet, we 2'"» will say, and prohahly much more. Q. From your examination of the i^romid in dispute of the Rosslaiid camp, what conclusion have you come to as to the charact.>r and structure of the \e.„s tier.', the causes which have produced them, and their poiuts of r...eii|. Mauce ami of ditT..reuee from the veins you hav(. found in mh,.,. pj;,,.,,^ Vou nnght ,iust ^o into that pretty fully, Mr. Kin.-. If has an important hearin-. here A. I should say that all of tho lari-er vins, at least. an oartli would be fluid at a certain depUi but for the pressure of the superincumbent mass which prevents it expanding to the vol- 20 umo winch fluid requires, and presses it int.. a solid. The roHof of pressure allows that thing to expand and become liquid, and it is alreadv above the tern- perature of fusion, but is unable to fuse because of pressure. When that press- ure IS removed it expands into fusion. 25 _ The Court: It is in a liquid state, tlien, literallv, all of it^ A Tlie interior of the earth is mostly a solid. Up to within 30 or 40 miles of the sur- face it is undoubtedly solid. That has been proved by Lord Kelvin witl, vory gioat ability. •' 30 The Court: Let me ask. Mr. King: this has nothing to do with the case i^'lSl kV- " often been astonished at it. The centre of the earth t olid . Old Kehin says? A. Yes; in faet, the earth is all solid except small 35 The Court: developed. There is a certain amount of liquid matter? A. Locally Tlie Court: Around the solid body? A. Not in the shape of a com- ^^ plete shell, but only local pools. ^ ™ The Court: Of course, of vast extent tent in some cases. in some cases? A. Of vast ex- ! i I 16 Tlie Court: How does it become heated? A. From the initial heat of the earth The earth was hot to begin with, and has not cooled off yet: it i. very slow about it. The ('ourt: I know the main divisions beginning ^vith the lowest ones, the Azoic, the Paleozoic, the Mesozoic, the Myoc-cne and Tertiary. A. Yes, 8ir, The Court: AVhat caused the heated matter? A. The heat is residual 1<^ heat trom the original heated condition of the earth. The Court: That is the explanation of a volcano? A. Entirely. Thereupon the Court adjourned until to-morrow, April 25th, 1899, at 11 oclock a.m. ir, I I ill 1« CLAKFNCE KIXG-A .-Itnoss for the Dofendnnt. on the stand. DIHECT EXAMIXATIOJf RKSUMED. Bv Ihi. Davis — I do.^''' ^''" ''"'"' "" '"'""' '^'"^'' '''^"' •'' ''^"^^' ^^^'•- ^^•"^- '>" 7""? A. 10 Q. Ilavo you made a thorough examinatiou of that? A. 1 have. 15 Q. Jmt explain how thorot.gh? A. I have visited the shaft and passed up and down it abont a half dozen tinu., always h.okin. at t ore and on one oeeasion chipped the surface of the ore which defines the centre ot the vem from top to bottom, and found that there w.re no intervals- that t la absolutely continuous ore from ton to bottom ' 20 The Court: You found there were no intervals? A. It was absolnt^-lv oontmuous ore from top to bottom with the exception of the sump. ' ture S ^r" tT *° ^"-'Z '?^ '^" '"'^P^"" '' "^^'^^ *h^ -"'^-«- frac- ture IS? A. There .s m the bottom of the shaft an opening which is in the ;r:ii:eZr. -^ ''- '-''-- ^^ ^^-^ ^^«-^- -^^- ^ -^lude from tha: 25 30 Q. Thatis, that 8 or 10 feet at the bottom? A. Yes sir. 1" Q. S(i we will take it down to thnt m .. 'in in flial shaft f A. - - point indicntcii at tlio head of tiie tunnvl. - ! A. I find ., ,.l,.nr ♦•,sur.. v.-in from the top to tho Q. You s-ay you found .•onfinnous or,: W'ha un^ the natun- of that ore, fi what kind of oro wa. it^ A. That o,-.., the l.ulk of it, wa« pyrrhotito, hut throuKhoiit. al.ncsf ..v.-iy liand-spodnien taken, .•halcopyrit,. and iron copper sulphide could 1)1" s('<'n. Q. Von may .^ay junt wliat ch:dcopyrito is ami nliat oyrrhotite is and uhat iron ))yrit("s is^ A. Pyrrh-ilite is a very Imsic sulpiiide of inm; elialeo- pyritc is a (haddo sulpldde of copper and iron, of whieli the normal propc.rtiona are lU) ju-r eent. iron, .'iO per eent. silver and ;{() per cent, copper, but it is an extremely varyinfj; ndneral in its copper percentage, and has often boon, and in fact, is nencrally, considered to l.e a more or less meehanical mixture of the two crystals of pyritc and chalcopyrit.', for its compositi<,n vari.s from 30 coiv per down to only 3 or 4 copper, and even a trace of copper. 10 16 iron. Q. And what is iron pyrites? A. Iron [.yritrs i- the hi-.snlphidc of ,,,. ^i. Yon say this was a fissure vein you found in tli>- Xo. 3 shaft. What particular kind of a fissure vein would you «all it? A. Taken alono and without relating it to other parts ,.f wl.at I believe to be the Centre Star vein, 25 I should say it was a fissure vein with accompanying exterior walls; that there was a main fissure which defined the limits of the ore above and below, or two main fissures, as the case may be, and over it a supplementary, parallel and cor- relative fissure which constitutes an upper wall about 2 feet above the upper limit of the ore. ^^ Q. You find then, walls in that shaft, do you? A. I find walls con- tinuous, enclosing tho ore. Q. Enclosing tho ore? A. And T find the correlative wall about two feet above and lying parallel. Q. What about below? Below where, sir? Q. Below the ore? A. The workings do not go into the foot country enough to define any walls, other than the one which is the downward limit of the ore; that is to say, there are no cross-cuts back into the foot country by which you can see correlative walls. 35 40 18 _ Q. Did I understand you to say you found any fissures there* ore 18 enclosed by fissure walls. A. The Q. And IS ,t difficult to trace these fissures you have just referred to, the fissure walls? A. The upper lindting fissure of the or. is verv easy to tmee; the lower one is sometimes obscured and sometimes visible bv'the distance at which the cut enters tlie foot wall, or ends at the edge of ;he ore, and tlia^ plane is more chemically destroyed than the upper one. The upper one is a very well-marked fissure, but the other one is suflicientlv in vi.nv t.. be sure of it from place to place. 10 (. By the wav, speaking generally of tlie veins in ^^■hich disputed ground IS it ea»y or difficult to follovv the line of ore and the line of country rock or whatever j^u may call it? A. In some places it is easy, and in s.mie id^ces It 19 difficult. ISot always easy, not always difficult, often very .simple. 15 gray. Q. What is the colour of tlic country rock? A. A rliirk greenish- Q. What is the nature of the vein filling, as you term it? A. The vein filling 13 of two kinds. Do you mean as regards shaft Xo. :3 ? Q. Well, in the Centre Star vein, we will say first, when, it appear, in different places? A. Within what I believe to be tlu- limitiue planes, that IS, the extreme walls of the Centre Star vein, there is a mineralization which to a certain extent, defines the wliole zone, included froui lie exterior country but the influences Avhich haye changed the inside liave, to a certain extent and' to a liniite had no other guide to go by it would be. The Court: That is the reason I asked you if it was between the two o. shafts. A. I was asked that and was answering as to one shaft only. . ,^\^rl- ^^'^ "'"'' ''^ ""'^^ ^^ ^"^Srees east. A. Ye., sir, at this point But taking the M-ider range of the vein it would be about east and west and the course of the outcrop, .vhich defines the vein upon tho surface, would 30 be quite different because this is lower than that, and the true strike would be from the top of this to that produced at an equal level. Q. Do you find the vein in the Xo. 3 shaft narrower or wide or of tho same width that the shaft itself is? A. The ore bearing part of the vein is 35 narrower than the shaft. It lies near tho foot of the shaft and there was over it from 2 to 4 feet according to the breaking of the shaft Q. Can you tell A. May I f.nish this answer? Will von kindlv read that to me again? (Last question and answer read). " ' 40 A. (Continued). Before reaching the last seen hanging wall, which hanging w.ill is not continuous, but is sometimes broken into by the mining operations and for considerable spaces obliterated. ! ! i fri:!!!:!"' 22 Q. Can you tell from an examination of No. 3 shaft, as it is at present, wbat is the widtli of the vein at that place? A. I cannot. I simply see that 11 little above, 2 or H feet al)ove, the upper boundary piano of the ore is another parallel plane, which is undoubtedly in my mind, a part of tlie shearing system of the whole. But no works give me access to planes; if they exist, below the lower level of the ore; and I do not believo that I saw tlie upper planes of the veins; the ultimate plane of the vein, anywhere in this sliaft. My reason fur that is, that a few feet to the east of it, at the east end of tliis brown drift, which is the south drift from the Iron Mask stope, what I believo to be, from its posi- tion and character, an eastward projection of the ore body of this shaft. 10 Q. That is No. 3 shaft? A. No. 3 shaft— is accompanied by two Fnperior parallel walls, at distances of from 4 to 5 feet in actual cross section. The lower one of these I believe to be the one wliich exactly geometrically fits it and which is the one which is the wall I have spoken of as overlying tlie ore ]5 of this shaft, but we have never cut high enough in No. 3 to get at the upper of those walls, and we have never cut below to get at the lower walls. Q. From the explanation you have given, I understand this is what you described yesterday as the shear zone vein? A. Yes, sir, the shear zone vein. 20 Q. Now, you spoke a moment ago of tlie hanging wall disappearing. What l-angin^v ^all were you referring to? A. The lowest plane seen above in the No. 3 .-haft. 25 Q. And what is the cause, if you know it, of its disappearing? A. I '-•xplained that, that it was due to cutting in by the miners, but thcv had never broken accurately to the plane; that they had sometimes- left some material below it, and for large distance they cut into it. qq Q. And had not gone for enough back to cut the wall? relative planes that might be there. A. Any cor- Q. In the case ot a vein that you have described, what would be llie only possible way of acc-rately and mathematically demonstrating where the two ultimate walls of the vein were? A. By a thorough cross-cutting into the lianging and foot walls. 35 The Court: In the present shaft: A. In any case; in this case exactly the same cut. 40 The Court: And cutting cut any particular place? A. Yes, sir. /I i 23 Mr. Dftvis: I may be a little long over tliis No. 3 shaft, but tjint is th« fchnft so much fight ia about. The Court: I want all the information possible. Q. Sow, Mr. King, will you kindly come around here and point tiic oro in Ihis Kxhibit No. 90 out to the Jud^c and fxphiin tlic ditVcront ores as you find tliem. This is a sample fron near the top of No. 3 shaft. 1 suppose that will explain the oxidation? A. Yes. Sir. Davis: All of this evidence is beino givr-n with reference to tho pieces of ore in Exhibit 90. 10 15 The Witness (Proceeding to illustrate to the court from Exhibit No. 90): This is the type of tlu' metallic mineral of the No. 3 shaft and of the vein at large. It is taken from near the surface, and this dull bron/c lustre is a char- acteristic of the ore and of the copper — which is much more easily decomposed than the pyrrhotito, more soluble, appears only scattered. There (illustrating), for instance, is a little yellowish spot, which is the copper. Here is a sample which contains but iiftle of the pyrrhotite or the metallic mineral, and is chiefly '^^ of coimtrv r(jck. The sample, therefore, is composed of a mixture of what I .should pi'obably consider the country rock and of the metallic mineral such as you woidd liot in a breaking into a more or less dec uuposed and not always per- fectly defined outcrop. Here, for instance, is a piece of the siliceous, and the qiiartzose part of the vein which is found, but not an absolutely constant accom- paniment, which contains a good deal of the copper mineral chalcopyrite. (Juite often, as near the surface, some of the copper has been oxidized, and has left a green stain of itself, which indicates its former presence. That is the charac- teristic of this pan full of ore. It is made up of a mixture of broken country and ore material, with more or less silica. 25 30 Mr. Bodwell : I will put those in a piece of paper which Mr. Kina' refer- red to. The Witness: I picked that out on purpose to shew the mixture. Mr. Diu-is: This is more for the purpose of shewing your Lordship tho ore itself and having Mr. King point out the different nn'nerals, than anything else. Q. From what you said, ^Mr. ::, you apparently find country rock more or less altered, and perhaps not altered at all in the vein. Is that correct? A. In parts of the vein. 35 40 24 Q. nereisKxlubitOl. This is the second one down in the «haft. A. >ha.es that I spoke of bef-r... This «ampl.. i. ehiofly pyrrhotifo, InU coutair. a lute copper mmernl; th.« ,h d.i.fly o„„n,ry ro.k. ..ontniniuK a ^'-.1 d.-al „f chalcopynte and sonic calcite. T) Q. As to Exhibit 1.2, first of nil, Mr. King, what ore do vou find in that, speaking generally; A. You mean what on nmuTnls? Q. Y.-s. A Pyrrholite and ohah.opyrit., „ith th. ,.al,.i,„ ,v|,iH. T 10 mention id '. Hcoesiv .7. Q. y. tonnd both of those? A. If you will nllow ,ne to look at the very ^rs speennen a.Min. (lMV,.rin« to Exhibit Ou., It h„, perhaps a little l'"' Jinip, but It IS largely quartz. The Court: Ib that term "shear zone" that you mentioned vesterdav and this morning a geological term? A. Yes, sir. The Court: A very well known one? A. Yes, in mo.lern tinus; it b.u not been very well recognized until very recent years. It .ipp.ar. in geological Jiteratm-e m a prominent way in recent times. 20 25 The Court: Owing to the new th>n,.y hy compression. A. Owin-Mo new observations chiefly. This (referring to Exhibit l..>) in again a mixtuiv of country rock; and when I say country roek, I do not mean in this ease to limi t to the^country rocj exterior to the vnn. but to tl... material of the eountrv rock; and as to whether it ,s altered by vein influence and is within the bound- 30 mg planes or exterior to it I could not say without close examination, which IS impossible to make liere. Outside that, the bulk of the exhibit is of pyrrho- tite .v,th a good deal of chalcopyrite-that is in the specimen of the e'halco- Y" ■;.■ r, 'f '' ^ considerable amount, a noticeal)le amount, of calcite I should like also to say that in the first specimen (Exhibit ^^o. 90) there is calcite. 35 .0 t ^" / ^° n "T ?^'^''' ^^- '^- ^^" ^ "^'^^ ''^'' I «"!'! "l^out country rock apply to all of the specimens later? ^ Q. Certainly, you can if it does. A. There appears to be three types here a country rock with yery slight impregnation by metallic mineral, a pretty solid pyrrhotite ore with a little copper .,nd the same mixture type in which there ,s considerable c.nleito, with pjrrhotitc and chalcopyrlte. ' 40 25 Q. When you speak of the country rock being altered iu the veins, wliat 18 the alteration which you refer to? You nn'-ht just d.-crihe it a. simplv as possible. A. It is a raiying ccndarv hiotite. The two former cases also proceed into the country rock, but in loss .iejrroe. and the third case, that of the secondary biotite, is, so far as my examiuation has gone, char- pctonstie of the included country rock, whicli I call vein matter. Q. In Exhibit n+ what do you iind? A. An exhaustive e.xamination of this would take hours, of course, and pcrliai.s lavs. I am ordv giving it in a cursory manner. This is the same mixture of couutrv rock, containing dis- seminated pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite, more or less cli.u'-ed with calcite and solid masses of pyrrhotite. I will qualify tiiose at the vnd by what my limita- tions are. Q. What about E.xhibit 95? A. This is a sinular mixture, m M'hich however, the proportion of country rock is much less and the pvrrhotite and chalcopyrite much greater than iu the ])revious sample. Mr. Bodwell: That applies generally fo the whole sample? A That applies generally to the whole sample. That contains the two chief ore bearin.r minerals and shews the country rock, (referring to one of the specimens.) "^ Q. What do you say about 96? A. This has more couutrv rock in it 1 las IS a .siuular mi.xture of counlry rock containing more or less calcite and cai- rving the ore minerals pyrrhotite and chalcopyriti;. 10 15 20 25 Q. And what else? You said it is a mi.xture of couutrv rock carrving so an.l so A. Carrying the ore minerals pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite', to- or, gether with solid masses of pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite, the latter always in less proportion. Do you want me to particularize, or can I say this is siuiilar to the previous? Q. I want you to say whether or not it pyrite. A. Yes. contains pyrrhotite and chalco- ;35 Q. _ Say thai d(>tinitely, and then you can generalize as much as you like. A. 1 us IS a similar mixture of cumtry rock, impregnated with the metallic minerals and of solid masses of pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. 49 Q. What do you say about OS? A. A similar mixture of country rock, more or less nupregnated with metallic minerals, the impregnation amount'- ing m places to a solid mass of the two metallic minerals '^m^- :>S 26 pynte Q. That is pyrrLotite and chalcopyritc ? A. Pyrrhotite and chalco- Q. What do you say about Exhibit 99? That is taken from 102 and 107 feet down? A. It is a simihar mixture of country rock, pyrrhotito and chal- copyrite and iron sulplude. Q. That is iron pyrites? ■with a little chalcopyrite. ISTo, which is probably iron pyrites mixed 10 Q. What do you say about Exhibit 100, taken 112 and 117 feet down' A. It IS a similar mixture of country rock, pyrrhotite and chalcoi-vritc, and i. in part more silicified-apparently more silicificd. It contain, calcite as well. Q. _ What do you say about Exhibit 101, taken at 123 and 127 feet down^ ^^ ^. It is a similar mixture of country rock, pyrrliotite and chalcopyrite. .1. ^V J' '\r"^l' *° ^""" "''^' ''^''^'^' ^P^"^"-^ ^™-" l"«l^i»^' ^^ those sam- ples which 1, the richer m value? A. I should suppose that die hi,.her per- 20 ZIV ^'f '^«P^7f^--lVi'''"^^ '^ '''''''''' S--^^"- -"t-*« °f P-^ous metal, but so far as the bulk of the ore mineral goes, which is pvrrhot,te, there can be no determination made of velati^■e values by looking at them. Q. By merely an examination; that is what I want to get at? A Xo Since part of the values of the ore are in copper, the higher visible proporHon of chalcopyrite means a higher value; but that pyi-rhotite offers no -uide 25 Q. Xow, are the values in veins, as a rule, uniform? ^^ot at all. 30 pect? A Th T. '7 r, "■' ^"^^^'"^'^ '' ^^^"^"^ ^-'^ - that res- pect?_ A. The distribution of the valuable minerals within tlie naterial of a vein IS most capricious and most irregular, and follows a verv great number of tjpes. Sometimes the values are ail in certain layers of a b;nded structu • ometinies they are tliinly .distributed through a gangue stone; sometimes tL; a^. highly concentrated in the mud-seam of ore bodies, and sometimes one wall mil carry more value than another. Sometimes in a mine whose vein consists of a vein stone of metallic minerals and of an impregnated companion Tn exterior to the gangue stone, the plain exterior zone wliich may be due to silioi- hcation or even the presence of calcite, the exterior zone may carry a higher heT iTth T"" ".""'^^^ '''''' ^'^^ '"'^''^ metallic'iuinerals wild shew. In the case of veins of replacement the values may, and usually do de- pend on the perfection of the pseudomorphism or replacement by the mineral 35 40 ■'• • -n III! i^itmimimaMiaumiMMaaimmm I ■ . ! 27 as well as the original nmttor of the vein, and as tl.ai i. a n.ost capricions pro- cess, both values and the carrying n.ineral matter „.ay cease at any time and re-appear m the most eccentric n.anner, and practically not until a great vein shonld he ent.rely worked ont wonld it he possihle to map the distinction o^ accompanymg mmerals or essential minerals. 5 Q. So that if, in following down a vein, you come to a place where the mineral ruck const, tuting the vein, the filling', carried onlv a trace, what would you say of the precious metals; would you attach any importance t- that? A Only a commercial importance. -in Q. But I mea. as to the vein itself, or as to what might ultimately result m that vein? A. 'No, not at tdl. Q. ^^ hat do you say as to Exhibit 102, taken at a depth of 132 and 137 Icet.. A. That it was a similar n.ixturo of countrv rock, pvrrhotite chal- copyrite and a white quartzose matter, which possibly includes' fehlspar; that the chalcopyiite is accompanied by tarnishes which indicate local decomposition. Q. What do you say about Exhibit Xo. 103, taken at a depth of 142 and Ui feet? A. A similar mixture oi country rock, pyrrhotite and chal-o- pynte. 15 20 Q. What do you say about 104, taken at a depth of 152 and 157 feet? 25 A. Similar mixture of country rock, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. .rn ?' ,'^!^^*/° {"^^ '^y ""' t° Exhibit -No. 105, taken at a depth of 162 and 1G7 feet below? A. A similar mixture of country rock, pyrrhotite and chal- , copyrite in which the metalHc minerals are in .arger proportion than in most of ^^ tJie preceding samples. Q. Did you break one of those and see the chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite when It was fresh V A. (Witness breaks the rock.) This shews it pretty well, ,, the bright, brassy yellow is chalcopy.i ,^, and this dull metal crV^ured bronze is the pyrrhotite. The Court: There are no sulphurets? A. ing sulphurets. No, they arc coyp, r-bear- 40 Q. What do you say as to Exhibit 106, taken at a depth of 172 and 177 feet? A. I should say that it ^^'as a similar mixture of country rock, pyrr- hotite and eh.nlcopyrite. To sa^ e multiplicity, of that sample, I have got both. V I f <-9 28 Q. What do you say as to Exlul.it lot, takon at a Jopth uf 18.' a.ul IST feet? _ A. It IS a similar .nixtnro „f country mrk, with pvrrliolit., an.l chal- nopjTite. . .^" A^^\'*, ''" ^'"" '"^ '' *" ^'■''"''^ ^^^' ^"'^'^^ "t « fl^Pth of 192 an,l 197 leet^ A. Ihe same nuxturo of country rock, pyrrbotitc and cl.al.'opyrit,.. ^ Q. ^Vhat do you say as to Exliihit 100, taken at a depth of 202 and 207 feet . A. A s.nular mixture of country rock, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. , ,,^' ,^^''«^ *^." ^'""f"^' '' '' ^'-^''^'"t ^1<^' taken at a deptli of 212 and 217 feet. A. Sinnlar mixture of country rock, pyrrhotite and eluilcopyrite. 10 Q. Xow, .Mr Kiu^,. looking at 109 and 110, which from appearance vou d seem tobe he ncher sample; which seems to shew more minenll? A 15 (After examining.) This one (Exhibit 109). Mr. Davis: The assayer's returns shew that 1 10 is the richer l,y one-half. The witness: It is a question of the interior of the rock, as well as tlie ^^ exterior. ■ ^i^ Mr. Davis: That is what I wanted to brim-' looking at the outside their values. bring out. that you can't tell by 25 The Witness: What I judged by was the visible breaks, there seemed to be more chaicopynte. Q. What do you say as to 111? A. Mixture , ' country rock, pvrrho- 30 titc and cLiIcopyrite. Q. What do you say as to 112, taken at a depth of 232 and -^37 feet? A. This consists of a mixture of country rock, pyrrhotite, and what I take to be a mixture of pyrite with a little chalcopyrite. but that ronlrl nnK. K. .!..„„ mined by closer examination. chalcopyrite, but that could only be deter- 35 Q. AVhat do you say as to Exhibit 113, taken at a depth of 242 and ^i-7 feet. A It contains country rock, pyrrhotite and pyrite, the latter appar- ently cupriferous. ^ ^ 40 Q. That is, copper-bearing, is it not, Mr. Kinc? A Yes copper bearing; perhaps T had better put it in "copper-bearing." 29 • ,^" A^^'''-,",* '^° '^■°" '"^ "' ^° ^"''"''^ ^^ ^' ♦"'^<^" "f '1 2 and 2r,7 xect? A. Mixture of country ro.k, pyrrhotito, ..on>o pvrito and ehnlcopyrito. Q. How would yuu say that pnrtieulMr .a.nple ,.on,par..s in value vith tia ordmary run of thcni, the last fow you have h,.,.,. I.aviug, for instance? A. 5 J don t like to fniswor that. as _ Q. I suppose what you mean is, that on a eur.ory exanunation sneh „, this, you could not tell very much about the difference? A. I could not tell without a very close examination; I should snv it was lo v in value 10 Mr. Davis: That is the assay which runs the hii-Lest in value. Tl saycr's return is $45.60. 10 as- J5 The Court: Very few of them ran nxov $20. Mr. Davis: Very few indeed. The Witness: I had previously stated it could noi be done by the eye. 20 Mr. Davis: I just wished to accentuate that. That ii ,; very object of It, Q. Exhibit Ko. 1 1->, taken at a depth of 262 and 267 feet? A Conn- ^^ try rock, pyrrhotite and chalcoi)yrite and pyrites. Q. ;\Vhat would you say as to E.xhibit 116, depth 272 and 277 feet? \ Similar mixture of country rock, pyrihotite and chalcopyrite ' " ' ^^ 30 Q. What do you say as to E.xhibit 117, depth .'>•; ,^„,i 287 feet? A .Mixture of country rock, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite ana a little pyrite. ^ Q. \Vhat do you say .ns to 118, taken at a depth of 292 and 297 feet? A ^5 Country rock, pyrite and pyrrhotite. Q. Js^w, the point where yon stopped in the shaft, Mr. King, that is at the bottom of this sump, is coincident, I think, M-ith the place where the so- called tiat fault goes through, is it not? A. It is. _Q. Now Mv. King, is there anything you want to add to what you have »ad individually as to these specimens? Because we have finished all the speci- 40 30 ,nens in tho Xo. 3 ,haft ,.lowu to ,he mud-sr.a.u^ A. I AunM like to „u.k. n q.."htK.a.,..n, ye. In ro.nnl u, ,1.0... ,I..,..r,nina.ion., rl.oy wre intonck-.l to .■ov,.r ossemxally th- oby.ou. fa.-ts of the san.pl... They .lo not propose to de- .ernnne ob..„ro or Jtttioul.iy vi.ibl.. a<.cc.,.ory .ninorals. 1 ij. L ahva v. men^ned that .a -it. u„. p,v.ont .hen it .as pro.nt in son.o I, t ^ 1.^ ^ , 1 „.ay say g.n..ra ly that tl.ro i. a lit.lo ..aloi... thn.,,,!, tho whole .nito, n t in very p.ee, but m a .rent numl.er of then. That the n.ention of pv ite . " h. n elnofly confined to .poc.im..ns in whiH, the n.ineral app... w t h n. ontly crystallnu. taeetn to offer easy detennination. The p'vri.. i. ro 1- present m a very large .uunher of eases .here I have not ' nen,io„e it ,1 10 where it eouhl not bo easily differentiated fron; ehnl.opyrit... Q. \lr. King, looking at these samples whieh yon l.ave exan,in...l, whiel, .■ame as the ev.dcnee shows, fron. trenehes ent aeross ,!,.. full wi.i- of the ore .very five feet down in >o. 3 shaft, is it a phvsieal possibility that there should 1^ bo no vcm ,n that shaft, n. your .pinion' A. In ,„v opinion it is not. T wd qnahfy that. I-rom what I know of veins in p.nen.l. and „f H,e Kossland d.stn.T ,n parfenlar. .t would be i.upossible to ,raee c-ontinuou. o.e „p„„ anv p,ane or line unless yon were following a vein. 20 Q. You have examin.d. T believe, the Centre Star east drift, that is the green drift which runs from the Xo. 3 shafts A. I have. Q. Have you made a careful examination of that? A. I have. 26 Q. Do you find any vein there? A. I find preeiselv the same vein, Avhieh 1 followed from the collar of Xo. :i shaft where it outcrops dowr. to the n.outh of the 59 east drift, and all through that drift I continued to follow that vein to the head of the winze. Its or. ' continuous, its structure unmislnkable. 30 ,nn ?\^ ^° l''"* '.l!"'" '' ' '"^'''^ '^*'°* "^ ^^'' ^^'^ ^° ^^o- 3 -'I'aft of at least 100 fett? A. There is. Q. ^ouspokeof the stru.tnre.f the vein in .•iOea.t drift. Pleas,, de- ' scribe that structure you fpund there, and why from that point of view you sav there is a vein in the 59 east drift? A. Pri,narily because the ore lies upon the south and north sides of H.e drift, corresponding in position to the n.clL- tion which the ore has followed from the surface; therefore it is a par of a an plane, wluch plane has been detined upon one side by ^o. 3 and upon the other side by the east drift. Also by the presence of a plane visible, frequently tap- ping the ore and defining it from the immediate country rock, which plane is the trace of a fissure. 31 Q. Whnt ulM.iit tho <.r.-^ A. I .h1i.,„1,1 Ijk,. t<. .lualify that answtr a little iiiMr.', and say tliat ili.it plniio is iiut a matlipinati.'a! plane ii. tlio sense of it fitting coonliiiates witii al.sdliite exnctii.-.s, hm i^ a |,iir,. ^i'„\,„/u-n\ fis issiin' vein. Q, Wlmf von speak of the ore being absolntely eoiitinnoiis. y,,,, are speaking,' literallv. A. 1 .iin speaking in the ease of Xo. r? and this drift literallv. " 15 Q. Von have nia.ie su.'h an exaiiiination as enai.ies you to sav that ? A. Yes, sir; it is literally continuous. Q. What do you say as to the wi.lth of the ore and the wi.ltii of the vein if you know the width in ."ji) ea^t drift? A. it varies from ' 20 Q. W hieh? \-ou s,H., I aske? ^A ^?vir 1* "''""''^^ ^''^ "' '"'"^^ ^° '^''""''*^ ^'"^* ^^'••'" "«^^-' •''i"ce we are on tin .1, ' ■'*'" "'^ ™' ''°"* '^'' ''"'''' ^ ^"" ^'^ 't then. It appears better m the winze. ' 40 32 Q. All right. I don't know wlietli.n- J ask..] ^•,,u when oxa.nining von on the Xo. 3 shaft ahont what tlic widtli of ore was in that shaft. I do noi'tliink 1 did. A. From about a foot to three feet and adialf in one pla.-o, I think. It is a substantially continuous zone shct of ore. Q. Before I ask you ahont th(> individual samples, I will ask vou whether you find any s.nulaiity or any dilVeren<.e between th<. ore in tlie Xo.' 3 shaft and the ore in 59 east drift? A. I see none whatever. Q. Xo which ^ A. Xo ditl'e I'ence, 10 Q. What do you say as to Exidbit 7:.', wliieh is from 7 and 12 feet east station 5ti? A. It contains country rock, pyrrliotite, pyrite, and chalcopy- nte. 15 Q. What do you say as to Exliibit 7;5, which is from 17 and 22 feet east of the shafts A. They contain country rock, pyrrliotite and pyrite. Q. What do you say as to E.xhibit 74, ulii.di is from 27 and ;i2 feet east? 9,, A. They contain country rock, pyrrhotite and -•lialcopvrite. Q. What do you say as to Kxliiliit 7.-., which is from 37 and 42 feet east? A. They contain the same country rock, chalcopyrite and pyrite. 25 Q. Any jiyrrhotite in that? A. I meant pyrrliotite, not pyrite. Q. Chalcopyrite and pyi;'lio(ite^ A. Yes. 30 ^ Mr. Davis: I will ask your Lordship to l.^ok at these samples in Exhibit ii>. This piece, which to me, at any rate, looks rather '-iv.ckv," is the highest sample in the drift. 35 The Court: For silver? A. For gohl. There Is a siliciiieation of these oivs^ In answering the (,uestion as to this sample 1 was not aware of the value of tFe sample at all, whi.di i., shewn to be $18.80; and I now suspect that it owes that value largely to gold accompanying a secondary silicificatiou, which is a prominent feature in certain parts of tin; Rossland mines. 40 Q. What do you say as to Exhibit 76, which is 47 and .52 feet east of No. 3 shaft. A. That contains country rock, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotile. r "' i B Mi l l i i «hi l n i a i .i.iifci, 33 Q. AVhat do you say as to Exliil.it 77. nt 57 and 02 foot casf of the shaft? A. I sliould say that it was country rock, pyrrhotitc, a little chalcopvritc and pyrite. t Q. What would yon sav as to Kxliihit 7^'. A. IVrrliotitc, clialcopy- 5 rite and country rock. ifr. Davis: I will ask your Lordship to look at this one specially. Q. AVould you mind pointin,u- out to his Lordsliip those ditlVrcut pieces showing the pyrrhutito and chalcopyritv; A. That vellow ffoin- throu-h there is chalcopyrito, a sort of brassy yellow. The bronze nunoral is pvrrhoti-o. And that piece is a mixture of both, with some country rock. Q. M'hat is that wliic h you see there in that piece? A. Pyi'rhotite. Q. What do you see there (.showing anotiier piece to the witness)? A. Pyrrhotite with a tarnish that may contain a trace of copper. 10 15 Q. What do you see there? A. Pyrrhotite. Q. And what do you .-^00 there? A. A little .dialcopyrito. Q. What do you sec in that piece? A. I'yrrhotiie. Q. What do you see there? A. Pyrrhotite, with a little chalcopyrite. Ihere you can see the association; there is the pyrrhotite and there is the brassy ehaleopynro. ■' 20 25 30 4 IS Q. There is not a piece in this sample, is there, in which vou cannot find pyrrhor.te and chalcopyrite? A. It wotdd take a long time io detennine it. Mr. Davis: X„w, that, my Lord, although it looks so nice, is one of the poorest assays, only $2.40. 35 Q. What do you say as to Exhibit 70? A. Country rock, pviTliotlte and chalcopyrite. ^ i, ''"J'ue ^^ Q. What ,Io yon say as ,0 Exhibit SO, S7 and 92 feet from Xo. 3 shaft? A Lountry rock, i)yrrhotite and ehaleopvrite. 34 Q. What do Tou say as to Exhil.it SI, which i. 97 and 102 feet east of No. 'o shaft? A. It 18 country rock, pjTrhotito and (;lialcopyrite. Q. So that the chief ores in this vein tlu.t we are considerina' are clearlv chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite A. ^Vith accessory pyrite. Q. ^Vhat are the chief ores which you find in the Iron Mask vein' \ Chiefly pyrite, with mixtures of chalcopyrite. 10 Q. Chiefly pyrite? A. Xo, pyrrhotite, with a mixture of chalcopv- rite, ' • The Court: That is, they are the same f A. Praclically Ihe same, yes. Q. Xow, Mr. King, have you anything furtiier to say as a wlioh-' M-ith ,- reference to the ore in that drift? A. Only to repeat its absolute continuity, ^" and hke the vein in No. 3 sliaft, so far as its metallic content, are concerned, h consists predominantly of pyrrhotite with a little chalcopyrite and occasional nuisses of pyrite, which seem to me to be secondary and accessory. Tliereiipon the Court adjourned unUl 2:30 p.m. ^^ ■Mii 35 afternoojs^ session. Trial resumed at 2:30 p.m. CLAEEXCE KING. DIRECT EXAMIXATION- RESUMED. By Me. Day IS- Q. You know the wiuze from tlio end of the Ccntiv Star drift do vou ^ 31 r. King? A. I do. ' ' ' Q. Known as the Centre Star winze. TlaYc you examined that? A. 1 have. 10 Q. HaY<' you examined it carefully? A. 1 liave. Q. Do you find any vein in tliat winze? A. I do. Q. A\hai vein is it? A. The same Yoin which [ followed from tlie collai' ,.f Xo. 3 shaft to the mouth of this east drift and through the drift and to (h(- head of the ^Yinze; I continued upon and followed uninterruptedly down the ^v^nze to its hottom. I say uninterruptedly; I mean to say as to continuity of ore. Q. Ion mean tlicre is continuous ore in that winze; is that it? A. Yes, there is. 15 20 4 30 (I \Vlicii you sny "c-ontimir.u? ore" do you lauau cuiitiimou.s liicniUy? A. Liternlly. Q. Froiij tlic top of the winze to tlio bottom^ A. \\..s, s-ir, from the top of the shnft to the mouth of the drift tlu-ough tlie drift and down the winze, 5 continuously. Q. What is tlie nnturo of tlie ore in tiie winze ? A. Siniihu- to tliat in the sliaft, in the drift. 10 Q. About wluit width is it in the winze? A. Twelve to sixteen inches, until you get nearly to the siiuii. of the winze— the pit of the bottom of the winze. Q. r.y the way, have yon notes of the width of the ore at different points ^^ we will say down that ineline .haft? A. Xo, only that a mininnuu wouhl be somewhere near eiyht iiiehes and tlie miiximiim somcwliere near three feet. Q. You could not from your notes elieek tlie width of the ore as given by ,„, lldwards? A. Xo, 1 could not. ' '"" Q. Wliere he speaks of the width of ore? A. I eould not. Q. Can you tell by looking at the samples whether he ha? gone bevoufl 25 the ere or not? A. He undoubtedly has. lie has in.duded a pereentage of country roek which is not characteristic of the pure metallie part of the vein. Q. What about walls in the Centre Star winze? A. There is a verv well defined wall which is the upper limiting plane of the ore, and two to two '^0 and a-lialf feet above that a superior porrelatire plane, which T took to be the same seen in the shaft at intervi;ls about the same distance .ibove tlie bounding ere plane. Q. Can yau tell the width of the vein in the winze? A. I should say "^ thai it would average certainly a foot down to nearly Q. That is the body of ore, yt)u mean? A. The liody of ore. Q. Well, go on with that, then :Mr. King? A. And at the head of ^^ the pit or just above the he ul of the pit, which is the bottom of the winze, tiiere is a rather sudden expansion )f ore both upward and downward which continues unbrokenly until cut by fssure known :!s the fhit fault f Q. Cnn ,ou tell what fl.o wi.ltl. of tl,o v.in is in ,1,., .,,•„„, ,„„f is. -an vou tell whHiaT or not vou Imvo p,r to tl... ulti.uMt.. „ ,,1! ■'. \ \ ,,„„„„ in either cflse. Q. Out-id.. (lu. , M,„l-son,n, ,lo ^ fi,,,] „nv otl.or fn,..turo in tl.nt uinz.- 5 : ^'J:: ■..':. ^'''''^ ''«''"■''''"- ''^■^-' -^^^^^^^ —rh, „„, rook with its fissnres, if that is Q. Y.S, that is vhat ,, ^U■. Kin.. .M„„„ ,,,„t is ,],.. ,,;,, ,„„, with a very slipht oiis|,rlv dip. strike of that dyko in tho win/."* \ \f L ,,„„. • i , ,' 10 '^- '^ '- •i|'Pi"Mniai(|v north and south Q. Ahout what is tho thicknp.«s f,f it? \ Tf ,..,,•!..• f,-,,,,, t; ,. o • i to a little over a foot. It ^-nn , f,„m S „r !» mohes Q. Was that later or eavji,.,. than tho ( Putro Star vin? A. ft is later. 15 Q. TIoW do vou know? A. Bv tllr. Cmf fl.ot \^ , \ , . r.^„. ,•.,„•*,. 1 ■ . "-^ "'f '""t that It produces II solnl on of cont.nuity where it crosses it; in other ,vords. it ents throu.I, it, 20 Q It ents through the Centre Star vein? A. Yes, sir, l.oth at tho head of the wH.ze and at the east side of the hotto.n of the winze. The Court: You are talking of this bn.ic dyke? A. I an, sir. 25 the Q. Just at this point I nii-jit ask vou what is th.. so-called niud-seani. A. The nnid-se; relative aire, then, of nn 1.^ later than the dvke. ther.. Q. What about the vein? A. The vein is earlier than ei Q. Then the order in whieh they eonie is: Xo. l the vein, Xo. .' the dvke 3 the llia( -sennit A 'ri,„.. •. ,i _ , ' •-I'l^tnKt, 30 ^'o. 3 the 111 ud-seani? A. That is the order. Q. Does the dyke dislocate the vein in any way? A. Tt does not. Q. How do_you know that? A. Because on the course of ,ho v.i 35 IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^ ^ // sj/ fc^ "^ Mr, V- z Ua H 1.0 I.I ■- Ilia IT I 40 IL25 III 1.4 2.5 III 1.6 V & /a m^^^ '^^ Photographic Sdences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ,\ qv ^\^ '^o' a? 6^ ) l/u 9 \ 6^ ^1" ""sa mi f 38 ^_ Q. This dyke jov speak of is a dyke in accordance ^vith your definition ot a dyke given yesterday, is it? A. Yes. % Q. Tliat is, it has foreign matter whid, has been intruded from below? ^ A. It is a hssure filled by injected melted volcanic matter 5 Q. The filling of that dyke differs from tbe countrv rock, then? A I.utirely. Q. What kind of a dyke would you call t!-.at particular one? \ It ^^ would come under the general head of lamphrophyrc. Q. Entirely distinct from the country rock? A. Entirely distinct ii'oin the country rock. 15 Q. I believe you found a number of dykes througl, this territory which 1. in dispute? A. I found a half a dozen which 1 identified mvself and of wJiose eontinmty I satisfied myself at various points. Q. What do you say of sample Exhibit Xo. 83, taken i and 10 feet below tlie top of the winzo? A. It is composed of country rock, pvrrhotite, chal- copyrite and pyrite. , u"i 20 m ,r i^: iT^'"^ T"'^ ''T ''^ '' ^' '"™P'" ^•^'"^'•* ^^°- 8*' taken from 10 and 25 10 feet below the +op of the wiu/e? \ Tt ,% ^ i j- ^,. , ,-, , , , ^^- -^* ^* composed of countrv rock, pyirhotite and (;halcopyrite. - ' Q. What do you s.y as to sample Exhil,it Xo. S5, from 24 feet below tbe_top of the winze? A. It is countrv rock, py-rliotite, pyrite and chnlco- ^" . ,utlW,.n ^T r ^.'^1 "'' ^" ''"' ^'"'"'^ ^"^*' ^''""^ '^'' I'-"" ^««k cross-cut Fouth from the Iron Mask east stope? A. I have. .0 ^on f'rV"^'"' ''/'" ''"'"' "^ ''"'* '''''-''''> '-^"S^^ly? '^- About 80 or 90 feet. 1 can scale it if you wish. 35 Q. Well, perhaps you might as well. !il)0ut 55 feet. A. (After scaling it.) It is 40 Q. Did y.ui find anything in the face of that cross-cut? \ V lame ly of pvrrhotite. ' * body of pyrrhotite J0 39 Q. Is that scale correct, Mr. Kinp? Mr. Ferrier telLs ni... lie thinks the ^ealo yon used is not the rifilit one for that nKq., whi.-li is 20 foot to the inch. A. The scalf was placed here with it. Have you a 2()-tW.t scaled Q. Tliere does not appear to he one liore now. .\. AV,.]], I can ■a The Court: AVhat is ilio next ' A. Tho next is the inner wall. Tho Court: Just tho inner wall? A. Yos. sir. 10 Tlio Court: This sui)orior v,-all— T only want to know for mv own infor- ^^ nation, because I do not understand it otherwise— tliis superior widi you meet there miirht be the hanpinp' wall. A. Yes. Tho Court: Because you meet another wall lityond. other wall bevond. A Meet an- 20 The Court: And no other reason? A. That is the onlv reas on. Tho Court: There is no pocidiarity about it? A. Xo peculiarity 25 al'out it. The Court: Is there any foroion matter here, vhat they call selvaiio— °'' ''^- ^'«' only Mciy sli.i-ht; it is a more fissure seam; kit upon a brief I'.xamination of the country rock intruded between that exterior seam and the ^*> ore I saw a decided difference as compared with the country rock exterior to that superior wall. Tho Court: That is, of a mineral character? A. Yes sir. The Court: Tliat is all. thank you. Q. Exhibit 134 is a sample taken from the face of this south cross-cut in the Iron Mask stope. AVhat do you say as to Exliibit No. 134? A. It con- .'■ists of country rock, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. 35 40 Q. How does it compare with the samples which vou'have already ammed from the Centre Star No. 2 vein? A. Practicallv identical. ' ex- 42 Q. X..W (■xaiiiinc K.\liil>it l'!:.. AVlmt .|,. v,mi sav as i., that? 'I'lait i.s taken 10 feet ii.Ttli uf tlir last sainpl... A. That is wl,at r vvonl-l cal' some- vliat nlterod country ro.'k irrc^niailv- inii.r..u„ai,.,i wirl, nu'tallu- n.in.Tal. (^ TI'dTis nosanipl.. s(>l..ctc.| from it, i^ thcro^ A. I mi-l.t cnunicr- .'it( those minerals, tliat it is chiefly pyrrhotite. (,;. Have Vdil e\,iiiiiiic(i (lie oiifcniii^ A. I iiuve. Q. IJetweeii what points^ A. F exaniitie.l it nhcnt 2S feet west of the vest side ..f the c.nar of Xo. ;i ( 'eiitro Stnr sliaft, and tlienee to the collar of tl.o Xo. -J shaft and a few t'eet lievnnd. t^ rroducinj- the line of outcrop .is you found it, where would it pasi out of the Centre Star mineral claim Iwundaries, that is, through what line^ A. Do y.m mean gn a lino .if the outcrop cnlculated otdy by the line of out- crop J Q. Only by the line of the outcrop, I am takin,!-- first. A. It would pass aliout there (indicatinc on the model). lU 15 20 Q. That is, it woidd pass throujrh the easterly end line? A. Through the easterly end line on the third lino south of the corner post. -^' Q. Xr.w, taking the general course of the vein as disclosed in the work- ings below, where would it pass out of the Centre Star boundaries to the east- ward^ A. In the neighbourhood of where the en.l line pass(-s a{[ the paj)er. Q. That wuld still be on the easterly end line? A. Would still bo on the easterly end line, yes. a matter line ? Q. And the exact angle at which it cuts the centre line would simplv be 35 tter of calculation from tiie model itself? A. Yes. The Court: You mean the Centre Star centre line cuts the Iron :Nrask Mr. Davis: Xo, the Centre Star centre line. The angle at which the vi would cut the Centre Star centre line. 40 ein The Court: That could be easily ascertained, I suppose, because the centre line is parallel to this? I 43 Mr. Dnvis: Yet. The fourt: That would ho tlie angle wlicro it .'uts it, wonl.l jt^ Mr. Davis: It wouM depend on wlietl.or ,„■ „.,( it occurred. Woidd that tTive It as It ftiinds there, Mr. Ivini;? A. fjoiigliiv. Q. And you mean at what angle does it meet this Ihwi Q. No, the centre line pnrallol to thi.M. A. At about 3.-. d..gree«. Q. Now, if you take the angle made l.y the outcrop with li.e centre line of Oie Centre Star, what angle wo,.ld it he.' Vou have tak...i the general course of the vein there ns disclosed in the workings helow. A. 1 hav tak..u the curse 10 15 of the vein Q. (Interrupting.) Now, taking the outcrop, what angle would it give? A. (After measuring on the large map.) Roughly JO; IS to >'0. 20 Q. Xow, taking the outerop west of the Xo. :j shaft, what sort of an ouUTop d.d you find there; V hiefly an oxidi.e.l outerop showing a Midth o rom to s eet-.5 to 8 fe. .rgcly characterized l.y the usual oxidation or, o th> iron sulphides into brown oxides; but by picking into the brown oxides which eonsMtute a considerable portion of the actual surface of the uut.-rop I have oe..n able in every instance to obtain the sulphid<.s of the vein. Q. What do you mean by the "sulphides" of the veiu^ V Pyrite 30 pyrrlu.t.te and chalcopyrite. of which the latter remains in a less altered condi- tion, th.. pyrrhotitc frequently being partly decomposed, being a more unstable comj)ound. Q. Can that outerop be properly called an iron-cap? A. Not perly so. pro- 35 dernK '' the distmction? A. The usual iron-cap is much more deepl _ oxidized and the amount of the top of the vein which is ren.lered by ,. ox.da ion entirely different-chemical ly diiferent-from the portion below is ^^ usually in the case of iron-cap much more deep and the alteration much more periect. A great many iron-caps have absolutely no traces; for instance, an iron-cap of a copper mine may have absolutely no trace of copper in the out- crop. The more leachable metals, I mean, have been washed out 44 Q. As a rule do you find outcrops of voins well marked in country rock of this kind? A. The general rule a? to outcrops is that where tlie enclosing country is softer ti^an the material of tlie vein, that wears away much more rapidly than the vein and the vein stands out in relief. r o Q. A well marked outcrop? A. A well marked outcrop. I have seen them over lOO feet high, and over 100 feet mde and long continuous. But wliere the country rock is harder than— as here— tlie vein proper, since even the country material which is within tlie vein has been more or less decomposed 10 and the ore itself is more decomposable and softer than the country rock, the outcrop would necessarily bo in a measure covered and enclosed. Q. To what p V^t did you follow that outcrop from the point you speak of, 28 or 29 feet wt,-.. J No. 3 shaft? A. Oontinuously to the collar of ^o. 15 2 shaft, and there was at the time of my examination there, one pit beyond that which seemed to line up with this, which contained a similar outcrop, but the connection between the two had not been dug out or there had not been any attempt to dig it out. Q. Have you seen any better or more continuous outcmn in tliis camp than what you sa^v tliere? A. I have not, but I have not made a;.y recent examination of outcrops. 20 Q. What would you say of that outcrop as an outcrop? A. That it ^^ was a thorouglily characteristic and absolutely continuous outcrop. Q. Is there any question as to its being the outcrop of a vein? A. :N'one whatever. Q. Of what vein is it an outcrop? A. It is the outcrop of the veiii which is in Centre Star K'o. 3 shaft and in Centre Star Jfo. 2 shaft. Q. It crosses the railroad track in its course, I believe? A. It crosses the railroad track in its course. In answer to your former question, 1 should ^ay that it is the outcrop of the vein which is seen here and which is seen there, both, (referring to the model). Q. Whnt is "here" and "there"? A. At the collar of Xo. 3 and the collar of jSTo. 2; not only by the consecutive connection on the surface of the ground, but from the fact that the outcrop in each case is identified as being the same vein which passes down the shafts. 30 85 40 Q. As you go do^vn the shaft itself? A. As you go down the shafts. ' T»fe»^"i- :,i I i j.j.mmm i i i i ■.iHMn i ini ii iu'iiiii S 45 Q. Will you look at this Exhibit 43, Mr. King. This wa^^ taken from points 15 and 19 feet southwest from the collar of No. 3 shaft? A. I find very much oxidized country rock containing pyrrhotite and pyrite and showing very clearly the oxidation of the iron minerals in it, ' iron oxide to a 5 lirown iron oxide. Whether there are any copper minerals or not I do not feel ^ure, but there appears to be in tiii:? piece a little chalcopyrito. Q. "W'liat would you expect to find at the oiitcroi> of the vein so far as vMlues are concerned? A. That depends entirely upon the character of the 10 ores which fill the vein. i Q. Taking ores of this kind, what would you expect to find? should exiiect to find on the whole, I think, a little less values. A. I 15 The Court: .A little what? A. A little less value. In some respects there would b<. concentration, in some there would be solution. What the exact resulting balance would be I can not say without a careful analysis of the ore itself. 20 Q. I will only shew you tu-o or three more of the specimens of the out- crop ot the vein. Look at Exhibit 47, taken from 52 and 59 foet west of Xo. o shaft. Avhat do you say as to Exhibit Xo. 47? A. Tt contains pvrrho- fite, chalcopynte and the usual decomposition oxides, a good deal of quartz and ^5 some more or less altered country rock. Q. Look at Exhibit 54, coming from a point 187 feet east of No. 3 shaft ^^ hat would you say as to this sample? A. It contains, so far as [ can see* ,n inrm a hasty exammation, no pyrrhotite, but does contain chalcopvrite, iron oxide, some quartz and country rock. Q. Look at E.xhibit G2, which comes from a point 282 feet east from Xo 3shaf^. A^ hat would you say to that sample? A. Like the former, it con- 35 Msts of country rock, of chalcopyrite, iron oxide, but I do not see any distinctly preserved pyrrhotite. -^ i-tiui.iiv Yo 3^''^h.J;"\vr'; "' ^f '^'' '' "'"''' '"""^ ^^-^"^ ^ l^^*'^* ^^^ ^^-^t east of ,, Ao. 3 shaft. A\ hat would you say as to this .sample, Mr. Kin-? 4 Phnl ^^ copyrite, iron oxide and country rock. "" ^" _ Q. About what is the width, average width, of that outd-op «o f^r as it IS disclosed? A. It varies from a few inches to eight feet. 46 Q About what would the average ^ndth he, or liave vou approxi.natcd It at alH A. I could not approximate it exactly. ,^ ^: .^Z T" *f ^'°'" ^""y stripping th„t has been done what the width of the vem -self b at the outcrop^ A. Just whore the outcrop con.os down to fhe ra.lroad cnibankmont and passes into tlie .-ut of the railroad cmbankn.ont ^> the correlative plane, show about eleven foot-ten to eleven feet, and to the M-est of the shaft the outcrop itself is ccrtainlv nine or ten feet thick Q. Have you examined Xo. 2 raise? A. I hav( Q. Do you find any vein in Xo. 2 raise? xi. I do. 10 Q. What vein, in your opinion, is that? A. I take it to ue the vein seen in Centro Star Xo. 2 shaft at top and bottom. Q And what vein is that? A. The same which i. shewn throughout the outcrop, and the same which is shewn from top to bottom of Xo. 3 shaft. 15 Q. What are your reasons for saying that the vein in the Xo. 2 shaft is the Centre Star Xo. 2 vein? A. IJecausc. in the first place, of the continuitv of ex- 20 posure ot vem and wall from the fo.,t of Xo. 2 shaft to the upraise; and the rising of that ore in Xo. 2 ujiraise. Q. What do you mean by the rising of the ore in Xo. 2 upraise' \ The tracing of the ore which forms the body of the vein in the drift on the ^5 nortli face of the drift, from Xo. 2 shaft to Xo. 2 raise; it then ascends that nuse, or the raise, in other words, follows that ore. Q. Is there a continuous vein in the Xo. 2 raise ? A. There is a con- tinuous body of mineralized rock, which I take to be a vein. ' '^^^ Q. What is the dip and strike of the vein there, as nearlv as you can see it? A. The dip starts at about 60 degi-ees and bends over'to about 48 de- grees, and the strike and the lower part and in connection, prettv close connec- 35 tion, with the vein which extends from the Xo. 2 shaft to here"(indieating model). on Q. Where is "here"? A. I will answer that question again, please. Q. Yes, start that answer over again, please. A. You asked mo, I believe, for the dip and strike of the vein. 40 47 Q. Yes, wliat is the dip and strike nf the vein rlioi'o? A. Tho strike in the lower part of tliat vein is tlio same m tlie strik.- in ti.e bott.un of Xo •> shaft to bottom of Xo. 2 winze, which is the ,iir,.vti(m as sh..«n n.H.n tlv drift here. ' Q. Whenynnsav'-winze"there, you mean raise? A. Raise, yes, sir. The Court: Vou meant upraise, did you not? The Witness: Tliis raisq. liere. (Indieatin.ir n)i model). A. (Continued). It is approximately udrtli SO degrees west. Q. And what aliout the dip of the vein hi the Xo. L> raise? A. Xo. 2 raise, or Xo. 2 shaft? 10 Q. Xo. 2 raise? A. So far as I can follow the .,re, th.. upraise itself is not in absolute eoineidenco witii the current of ore as I see it. It is ai)out 5r. to 60 degrees, in the first part of the upraise up to the bend, ami from there it appro.ximates elo.sely to 40. ^- Q. That is, the vein in that winze flattens out a f the top? A. Flattens out for the upper GO per eent. of its length. Q. Bends over? A. Bends over. Q. Xow, you say that there is a vein between the Xo. 2 raise and Xo. 2 shaft? A. Yes, sir. Q. That is in the yellow Centre Star drift as it is called, the yellow level? A. Yes, sir, in the vellow level. .30 Q. They. How level? A. Yes, sir. Q. How did you find the ore in that vein between those points? A (-ontmuous and consisting of the same metallic sulphides which characteriz/ the same vein elsewhere. 35 ize Q. You have already said it is a part of the Centre Star Xo. 2 vein A 40 A part of the Centre Star Xo. 2 vein, which I identify not onlv by the continuity oi ore on that strike, but also by the position of the wall, which is continuous »* "*.s&ss,'3effls:®aasaEs.- 48 fro,,, opposite Xo. 2 shnft imtil ,.,.t off l.y tl,e „ii,u,.n. ,„,■,• ,.,.„• tl.c l.n.so of Xo. ■2 upi'mso; nnd tlicc is soon passing into the oonntrv rock in a -.mstc'lv dirce- tio,.. Th.t wall, ^yh■u'h diiretly ovi'lics tl.c ore. has a .lip of al.nnt r,(i .loi^recs which IS charactei'istic of the Im-or pa,-t of tho vein fiirthci- „n. Q. Xow, do yon find any vein in Xo. 2 shaft? A. I do. Q. Whi.t vein is that? A. The same vein in wl,i,.h the out,-,.,,, was traced from tho top of Xo. .'1 shaft to Xo. 2 shaft, oends, or at least, the sliaft descends along it. It cntci's that shaft and dcs- 10 'J Q. ^ow, please describe what yon find, so far as vein funnati.,,, is o„„- ecrn<.d, in Xo. 2 shaft, Mr. Kin.? A. Well, entoi-ing the shaft rh-.v is a plane, which is at an angle to the sliaft stand in- at ahont 70 d(-..,v(s the -m.-le IS ahont 18 degree^ of departu.-e westwar.l f,.,>,„ the st,-ikc of th.^ Centre Star vein. Its dip ,9 ahont 70 de-rees and it passes out of the shaft and is not seen any more nntil at the depth of ahont 12 to 1.-. foot, and on the foot wall side of fhe shaft. E„t at the actnal collar, and on the north side of the shafr and on the oast and west sides of the shaft, bnt mostly on tho west side, is the outcrop of that vein which has heen followed to that point, whic-h is tho Ccnt.-o Star v(un in my opinion. That vein is there wide ..nons), t„ fill the whol,. width of the shaft. It_,s charaetcrizcd l,y a uood deal of qnartz, and the presence of the metallic sulphides— the typical snlphidos. 20 Q. That is pyrrhotitc, chalcopyrite and iron snlpl,ides? V Pvrrlio tile and chalcopyrite. In descendinn. that vein nanvws continuallv and'-.-ows poorer continnally. nntil from filling the whole shaft it disappears to a thin ,, edge. That po.nt is about-I will ealcnlate in a ,ninute-abont midwav the '^^ depth of the shaft. . >■ '« Q. How many feet from the bottom, ahont? A. About 120 feet. over ?00 f^et'/'"'* p'^f " '^°"* ''' ^"' ^"^«'^ ""■ ^^^'^"' ''''' - ^ 'i^tlo o^er 100 feet long. Perhaps it is 25 feet below station 81; I did not take -xnv tat on 81 and station 82, nearer station 82; station 82 is now obliterated in the i! fheTltr """' ' '^'"'^^' "^'""* re-measnring. We will say about 81 6o •iO Q. Do yon want iny of these sections in this, ]\[r. Kino-? \ necessary. ,-• - • It is not 40 Q. Whnt ilo you tiiul from ilmt point uni A. The vcip. wliirli lum been followt'd to that point, wliidi is n dintinot vein, sopuratrd from country roc-k by fissures, iins fnpercd thoro to a point just below The Court: Whcro is thi.^'f The Witness: Near station 82 in that -haft, sometiiing liic of ,h„ .hole eonntry, hut in tin. ease it is ..^rS^^^^; and as made a n.a. which i. far ton.her in textnre. far st, i^'or tl a t^ n.g str„,n own,, ., the interlnein, of these stron, e.^-stals, ,u, f sh'; d t k ...ore e nin.ion ..r^;, ;^i;!:id ^^t ^ :t;:::tc: :r;:::^:\:7z:''^''''''-^''^''''-^^ £....ee.p,or:;:;;u 15 20 25 Q. What etTeet, if any, has that l,nd on the vein in the X 2 .shaft' A I have deserdx-d a vein eon.in, .town with ^reat re^nlaritv to . certain point" on t e hottom of the drift the vein is .seen in the entire fonnal e, ,nfo i .'S pper ve.n oxtend.n, for ,0t, feet or so in perfect condition, ^. walls" n:^. ■'1-cl. tshssnreseont,nnons,its ore to be seen from foot to foot; l.etween .. two hes tins :nn.ss of rock of different texture and tougher qual: tie In tha tl.e e„nt.nu:ty of the vein is entirely lost a. a single fi.ssure. \ll k is c.ar acterued ,v f^n-eat, blocky. irregular fractures, running in differc, t Ur etc: no s,gns of parallelism no ^jrmal planes, hut strained f^ctures Z [:^T^Z .1 ujt,on. By carefully following and studying these frach.res fro.-.the poinl o. d,sapp.a..anee of the vein below to the point of c.i.sappearance f C'" n bo.e we are ab.o to trace small pas.sages of mineral sulphides, largclv of ell- :Tt;r~r "'t 'r '' '''''''-'' ^°™^^''"- '- inches -n-diitt oltc, .^rj much smaller, but we are able to foUow from craek to crack, and 30 35 •10 s 51 fvon, face to face, sulphides enough to see that through this labyrintli of coarse intcrfenng anci confh'cting cracks there iias been a mineralisation which actu- nlly ..xtcn.is from the formal vein helou- t,. the formal vein above, and [ attri- bute the whole of this lack of contintufy in the vein to its pa.s-sing through this /one or region, or limited space of rock of excessively dense, tough texture. Q. Xow, yon sav that tiie vein loses its continuitv there, so far as the fis- sure is concerned. AVliat about min.Talized rock? A. There is minenli/.ed rock thronghont the whole of this interval. Q. Throughout the interval? A. F„ll„u-iu.- fl,.. X,, o h,,. njs,. of -\o. 2 shaft. 10 Q. An.l is that mineralized rock c(.ntinuous? .V. It is contiuuous- that js to sny, there is no interval of 4 or 5 feet iu this .-rackcl „,ass. as follnwcd ^' bv Xo. 2, that we faSled to get mineral sulphides. Q. Apart from the sulphides, what about the ,.o„utrv n.-k between^ W a. that altered or uualtered comitry rock? A. It is all tuore or less altered.' 20 Q. And altered, as I understand, means udnerahVed' \ X„ eeecssarily ndneralized. It may be the abstraction of .Icuu-nts 'neeesIariW ciianced. not Q. Is the rock which you found there outside-I am speaking now of the stdphides-is that rock mineralized? A. I am unable to sav whether it IS or not. The exposure is very limited, and we did not get it outside of this line oi action, and 1 am unable, in other words, to compare it with its own unaltered iorm to see if there has been a difference. Q. Xow, about this point where the vein meets this dvke or maa-matic .egregat.ou, at any rate, this rock of a diflfere.it type, above that point, how do yot, find the vetn m Xo. 2? A. Front that point up, at the lower 20 or 30 ieet of that veni. tt ts weak; T mean iu the presence of visible tnineral, visible suliihide minerals. 25 liO 35 Q. How do yon account for that ? A. From th.. fa,, that the solution 40 ha been tnterfered wtth bv the tangle of e-revices and had not been able to match themselves up very closely with the fissure above. , ,, ^\ .?." °°; P'""'"' '^^^'^ y°"'' description of the vein above this rock? A After striking the attenuated point of tlie vein above, the values increased to 52 the su.nniit-I do not mean the commercial values, but the ore minerals in- creased ail the way to the surface, with tiu3 exception of tliat single bodv of pyrrhotitc, which is just below it and is really a connected part. Q. And wliat aliout the walls in the shaft jn.t above this tougher rock^ A. The walls of the vein proper are good, and there is u companion wall, a hanging wall, visible at one or two places for short intervals; afterwards it is cut in two by tlic mining. Q. A\'hat about fissures there ^ A. There are fissures comic'ted with the vein itself, absolutely evident. 10 Q. What about the continuity of mineral-bearing rock? A. Abso- lutely continuous from this attenuated point T speak of to the collar of the shaft. 15 The Court: T,hat is about s(i f(>et? The Witness: Y'es, sir, about SO feet. 20 (.). Xow, I will come to the ti.surc, which lias been called tlie flat fault iMr. Kmg. \\ hat is a flat fault, in the first place? A. A fault i. tlie dislo- cation which occurs by the passage of a fissure through rocks, accompanied l,v a relative displacement of the Avails of tlie fissure. Q. That is, if you liave a fissure witliout displacement, vou have po faults A. \ou have no fault. And a fissure may be a simple fissure at one time and a fault later. Q. X<,w, you know what I am referring to as a so-called flat fault ? A. 30 1 do. Q. TlaN-e you made a thorough examination of that cross fissure^ A 1 have. ^ Q. What is its general dip and general strike? A. T think I would nave to get that from my notebook, (referring to book), to give it with anv sorf Oi accuracy; I would have to lay it on the map. Q. All right, Mr. King, do that. A. (After measurements on the map). It IS about north 80 west in its longest course, but it has slight curves 111 it. Jiut you are asking for the general distance? 36 40 Q. Yes. A. North 80 west. BMgt^iy l" l,l lll llg) i ai.». ! ll > I I M l< 53 Q. I presume it varies somewhat, un.l varies i„ diflFereut strikes. A. ihat IS the reason why I am unaMe t<. ^Wo tlir ,£re„,.,-,,l strike. Q. Ami about what is its o.eneral dip? A. A„ average dip. 1 should say, was al,out 36 degrees, tl,ouffh it runs as hid, as 40, and as low as 22, loealiy. 5 _ Q. Now, at what various points in these workings h.vo vou seen and ex- ammed tins nrnd-sean,. or .so-callc.d flat fault? A. At this point (indicatine). Q. \Vhen you are giviug the point.s, if vou will indicate them in- the .U- 10 t.on or som..t]ur>g. the reeonl will shew what you refer to. A \t . poi.^ Q. That is, the Iron .Mask water-eourse drift' \ \r..f-,.. i •.• Through., this w..king whieh extends ahout duci ea.t f.; ' r::;': tl cross-eu from the end; m the Iron Mask winze; in the bottom of .V,.. ^ Z^ ™.eut; a lit^ .n-king extending west fri: m:;;:' iiLH: ^ ^:d ;t i.r.st cross-cut, ^o. 1 cross-cut; also in the win.e in dispute. Q. 'Vntre Star winze? A. The la.t winze b.l„w (U. 15 The Court: That is all, is i..? A. I don't for anv other. the moment remember 20 25 35 The Cour : Can you possibly shew me those on the model? This puz- 30 los n,e a Imle becaus,. some of these drifts are 4.) and 60 feet below others, and of course, hey are not clear. A. I can shew your Lordship perfectlv well :i I o.n get a p.ece of stiff paper. (Witness illustrates on paper). Crhe witness here illustrates on the model to the court). 1 ^; •^•°''' ]^\ ^^'''^' ^ ''""* ^^ S'"* ^^■'^'" >'°^^ ^ description of the various d^aractenstxcs of th. nu.d-seam, looking both to the question of whether o no n causes any great dislocations of veins that it encn.nters, whether , not causes any large amount of shearing of the rock adjoining, the fissun- as to i p and .n fact, everything in connection .vith it; Ld I'would asr vo tt : for to go over consecutively the different places where vou have mentioned hav- mg found th,s mud-seam and describe what you found there, and peeia h- those pomts where the mud-seam cuts anv vein. ' 40 .i./*»Eai=Mi*ai(j?ea*K,-?^-?^»it «».uZ ii"t. I'.'-'.Mis.. It ,l.s.Tn,Is on tl,.. o,|p. of ,l,o drift an.l is lost Ti.e (Vmrt: That n,eans lo«t undorn.ath this drift her... A ir„der- neath this d„ft hero. It appears m an ,.l,o of the drift hut yon are not ah!., to u, see na It eonu'S down. 10 As the drift is ahovo it. At Thf Court: As tho drift is nbove if ' \ r.> f..et west of 104 ,h.. dip rais,. to lo, th,. .,.,,] i^ ..,., f.„., ,,;,,,. ^,,„„,. ,^ ,,,, ^,,_^_. inc-bfs al.ov(. tho .^cani and al)ont two and a-lialf ftvf holow. I.'") Tho Court: What station w.udd that he' A Flffv f„.„ -f . . t 10. hot™ 104 and .. Kor ..no rea.on .. .^^^ .d1:i2:. 'ZX:^. 33. the streak there ,s S ,nehos wide, and 15 inehes of ahraded and erusl,ed n at- ter nnderneath; that ,s to snv, the flat fault, havin,. this in,.|ina.ion wnen s.en Q. Before we eon.e to that there are one or tu„ questions I ^vouhl like to rsk you about that; and then we .^11 put in a san.ple; v.. hove spok f ^ seauiasvarTincrinwidtl, r>.m„ t,„.. ^., .1,..,., •.. 1 ' .'. "'"^t ■''P"K( n ot the o vou 20 25 I '"•'"" ^'""P"'; vou iav(> snokcn f »a„, » va„,„s ,„ „i,l,|, f,,,„ ,„.„ „, ,h,,,. i,„.,„„ ,„ ,■ , "1^* ' ri uw' '""'' , ■'■ ^'^ '™- '» " """ ' ■■ »■ "' '"-:,':;; 30 Q. Tlierc is a kind of mud hetwenn the walls \ T. ,.o • ^ a 1 , ,-y com,„,„„lfd o„„„,nv „ck, „m„imo, i, i, .-omn.inmod com rook «% .lown ,1,0 pl,„, where ,l,e ,v.,er ,v„„W triekle, .-Wovo, i, t.J^^. 40 n 87 . ..int.- it vvunl.l fak,. tl„ al.ru.le.l n>„l otlu-r material and transport it, ami in ."onii' pluiOM fhiit riiatcnal wunhl lie dainnu'il ii|>, .md 1* frr.', loav.' tlic clcnr particlfn ,,f flic cU'ar ttiiid. in otliiT plii<('s il wmiUl g. ^ hnt olso IS thorr to thn Ho-allod flat fnnlt oi.t.id.. of this mud-sra,,. wliudi von l.nv.. just doscrilMd; tl.nt Is, uould von undrrsraMd l.v tlu- flat fnnlt- a v.t: untort.mnt.. Unn wl.i.h hn. I.ren „sod-aMvfl,i„^. „;,„■.. tl.a.i a nu.d- s..n,n, and if s,.. wi.at? A. 1 M.ppnso thnf H,. ,„p„. .f,,,^.. „,, j,.^,^ ^^ j^ (roin tlu) slifrlil dcprcsMon it ha- iiKid(>. 10 ^^; •^'""■' ""•'''' '■ "'■"• ''"' ' ""■ "af t.nilf ,.,,v..r anvlhinf; ,.|m. >„ far as vonr ..h.a ^n.s^ A. No, it .1,,,. „„t; it is ,si,„plv a (iss.uv .vhiH, has sutTerod a certain amount, nn univnown amount, of n'tativ u,uti,,u of th,. nid... xvhich ha- ..flusod ahrasions, which lu.s u.„,, „ff th. n.uf,lM.r parti-hs. whi..h hav aft.r-' i^ ^va^ s b.-n transport..! l.v unf.r and .•ir,.ulat..d and a.vun,uh.t..d i„ sou.. pl„,...s and been wa-hcd out in oflicrs. Q. Now, I suppos.. ev..rv frarturo that you find in th.. . ..rth's rrust ..au.-s a certan, auu.unt of .yuMn^i A. Th..n. ar. vm-y f..w fra-'tuns prol.al.lv "0 that ar.. so smooth tiu.t there is not some rouoh„ess t.. l.e ahra-l...! olT if tlier.' is a relative movement of the sides. Q. And they ore atten.led s ,.tiu,e or oth..r, are tju.v not, hv a ...rtaiu amount of onished roek^ A. It is fref|uent. o^ Q. l>ut not necessary? A. \ut nec.>? ssarv. Q. N.nv, ,8 tlus partH-ular fraetnre ...alled the flat fault attende.l above 'Hul be ow the hssure by nu,ss,.s of erushed roek? A. It is aceou.panied vary.ndy by roek-sheeting parallel Mith itself; that is to s.v, then. ar,. a few 1 ae.._s where there are a f.-w feet of it; i u.v.r r..n,en,i,..r seein,. more; and those slH...tn.«s may be coarse or Hue; tlu.y are v.-ry often entindv^vantinj.-. There ..V ..onsalerabl.. str.tches in which th..re are no parall.d platiuf^s, and the paral- h., phmn, has n<.v..r played, in „,y opinion, any part in the tis.ure except as an o.adar a..co„.panmu.n. It has never or v..ry rarely ,,erndMe.l th.. p.-rcolation of M-at..r dowt.ward; th.. v..ry fact of this .listim.f lin.. of den.arcation between ■ he ,nnd of this seam and the nnderlvin^r r.-.,.k is proof that there .vas no Mater connection of any importance betwe..u it and the sheete.l rock below. Q. (By the Court): Xow. when you speak of sheeted roek, it is simnlv I'lated Longitudinally? A. Parallel plating. ^ ' The Court: It must have be?n impervious to water? A. Yes. sir. 30 35 40 ■ i-^^^^^alLii^^ T' tt~ J'— ^=fjjn-jr.tz3t^ „al* Tit 68 The Court: Becau.o otl.erwiso the wntor woni.l find its way down? A Le..„so „u. ua,..r w.n.id find its .av down and it would have Ih... the .nud: The ronrt: It always pn.zled n... t„ find out wl. ,1... water was not natnniliv at t!ic hottoin of fiir fi^^,,,.,,. ' ^ 10 The Witness: It is at t),,. hottom of the tissmv. Q. (l^y^lr.l)avisvc.snn.od.) Fron. tl... v.rv nc-ossitv of things it n.ust !•<■ at ill., liottoni of tlie fissured A. Yes, sir. ' "^' ' ir must Q. Could yon n-i.p nny elearor idea on the l.laek!,oard of ius' what vou ...enn by th. shoehn^ a-.d all that does aecon.pany the n,n.l-sean.' There is a '' eon ent.on, ^U. K.us, ,nay as well tell you now, probahly you are aware of it thnt tlas frae ure wlueh they call the mud-sean. has produced renn,rkal,le results :n he way of erushu,,. and disloeation and so on. Th,. dislocation we will deal w.th la er on, hut now please shew how n.ueh ernshin. or shattenn^- ka- been caused by that mnd-seani? A. Have you anr special j.oint 20 Q. -No, no special po.nt, but si„,p]v to give a o,,neral idea of the reseJts of the niud-sean,, so far as crnshin,. and shattering the conntrv rock a -e i. or be. w. goes A. ailnstraUng.) Let this be the nn.d.ean,, rnnnin. eas 25 and west and dippinii south. '^'^ Mr^ Davis: |)o you want to put that on one of Ihese sheets of paper an.l hf,ve >t filed, or will you put it on the blackboard? Mr. l^!!i.^^"'"'"^ ^ '"'' "'"''"'' '" "'•■ "'"'"' ''' '' '^ ^■"•"' ""■" --l^-^-e, 30 Ihe witness illustrates and explains on the blackboard as follows- This n,e represent, in vertical section the fissure which pass.. d.>wn f, , n^rth t.> 35 .0 th; , that fissure were made under a compr..ssion, if it were made with no nn,. but weiuht of gravity to it, it would probably have been a single fissure w.t un.t any a.-eoinpanying plating, but whenever there is a compression of any 'r "(^ r' M -T ' r "'• f """ ^^^ '™'^ '''^ ^^'-'^ ■"■- --^' --. ^-ooo 01 -,000 feet higher, there might have been compression. ,ind.,ubtedh- would 40 have been cmipression of this matter in close conta..; in that case anv n.oti.m M disturbed this^ compression wonl.l result in parall..| platings f.^Howin- Wes like that. Xow, as I say, these parallel platings I llave seen in m^:; parts of the muK-, accompanying this fissure, but they never permit the water to go down and through and make a new channel. The entire water and mud 59 phenomena are on, the top of this fissure and between it and its upper wall, and is made of comminuted material which in no case that I have seen exceed two feet in thickness— and that is a very rare exhibition. The average thickness between the two fissure walls is, I should say, not above seven inclies, and in no case has the water broken through from the so called water-course and entered one of these others. T mention that to shew that these correlative fissures, wliile they are present in many places and indicate an origin in common with tliis, are never of sufficient importance to have groxvn into the main fissure and drawn off its water. The Court: You might put that on paper if you want to. Mr. Davis: T will get Mr. King to draw it on a sheet of paper to-morrow. The witness: Or now if your Lordship prefers. The Court: No, we are going to adjourn now. Thereupon an adjournment was taken to to-morrow, April 26tli, 1899, at 1 1 o'clock a.m. lU 15 20 *-*»^ 60 eictHtii day. Rossland, B.C., April 26tli, 1899. Eleven o'clock, a.m. Trial resumed. Present: The Court and same counsel as before 10 CLA-RmCE Xim-On behalf of defendants. DIRECT EXAMIJiTATION RESUMED. 15 By Mk. Davis — Q. Before ^ve go on, Mr. Eng, with the mud-seam, I want to ask you " about a point I omitted yesterday; that is the Xo. 4 raise. Do you find any vein there, and what do you say with reference to it? A. I find a body of ore which IS seen on the south face of the drift at the foot of No. 2 and that body of ore extends upward about 22 or 23 feet, slightly diminishing in concentration 25 as It goes up until it reaches the flat fault. Above that there is au i.iterval of about 10 feet in which the ore is vevy sparse indee.l, and above that it roconcen- trates and continues in force to the head of the raise at the time when I last saw it-at tJie head of the upraise as I last saw it. It is a large, strong body of *-a ^ "f # 62 Q. And '.vhcn von speak of intemiption of continnify, what do you moan exacHy? A. I mean simply tho severance, wliei'e the fissure passes thnmi^^h. Q. The space of the fissure itself? A. The space of the fissure itself, no more. Q. What is tiie next point where you take up tJio flat fault ^ The Court: That is tlie severance of the fissure of the vein? A. The severance of the vein. It is merely cut through and the parts are left merely in 10 their original position. The Court: Because in one sense, I suppose they are hoth fissures? A. : They are both fissures. — The next observed point was at station 4S. It is ratlicr a critical point, and is shown rhere (indicatinf-' on th«-^ model). The dip of the 15 •fiat fault here i? about 28 degrees. It contains a small quartz seam on the uj)- Ipei' side. There is little or no sheeting and the fractures of the ro^k indicate no system as aft'ected by the fissuring of the flat fault. Do you wish mo to describe i tlie intersection of the vein there? 20 Q. Yes, ilr. King, what vein, if an%', intersects between that f)(>int, and hiow does it aiTect it? A. At that point it intersects the vein which I have I identified to my satisfaction as the Iron ]\rask vein, which vein follows for a con- ^ siderable distance west of 48, practically the direction of rhe drift. At this in- tersection the Iron !Mask vein presents Tho Court: Xot the Centre Star? A. Xo, the Iron :\rask vein ]>re- sents a narrow fissure filled with pyrrliotite from an inch to two inches in width: dijjping abojit 70 degrees to the north and striking, as I have said, with tlie drift. At the point of intersection of the two ]. lanes, that of the Iron Mask and the flat fault, there is a displacement in the normal direction of aliout 21 inches; that is to sav, the fault dipping to the south and the vein dippinu' to the north, the upper section of the vein above the fault has been mismatched from the lower one by slipping down about 21 inches. Q. Could you explain that action by sheets of paper or book, or some- thing of that sort, or blackboard, or any wav to give the Judge a clear idea of it? or, 30 35 The Court: I have a good idea of that, if I might be allowed to say so but you better get it dovvn in the notes. A. There is a peculiaritv about tms fault which ^^■llI be better illustrated after the other intersections have been civen. 40 :a ^^ n Q. N'cry well. .\\,u-, vuti say tlint y..ii fiti.l tlic .lisplnccmnit nt tliis I'oiiit, scctinn 4s, to be what you call a iiunnal fault '. A. ^'cs, m: Q. Whereas, it was a reverse fault in tlie \v„u Mask win/ef A. Ves; l.ut in tiiis ease the data ar<5 clear and in the other tliey are ohseure. ' g Q. Have yuu any explanation as to how thi~ iniuht he a normal fault at lone place and a reverse fault at anotlier^ A. This is a very w. 11 kimwu Ipheiioinenon of a torsion or suiiinini;' fault. 10 Q. You may explain what a swinpinp fault is. A. If v.m will alh.w nu^ to illustrate (takin- two hooks), in the ease .,f where the action of the fault or dis- placeuieu. is in a -iu-le line, has a «nj;le axis of action, a se,.fiou which uinns- u,es the (li-placemeut across the strike uf the fault woidd show an e(pial dis- placement ai all points. But if. instead of niovinu' on one vertical plane— [ ^^ mean on one vertical^ axis of action— it received f. i auv eause, a sli-ht twist like that, the portion on oiU' side, the axis of the twist wouhl he tipli'l'ted ami the other one thrown down, so that an observed discr..pan<-v at that point would he normal, and at this would he reversed; it is like a twistiu"- motion. 20 Q. Apart from the displaceiuent which you have referred to of 21 inches docs the so-called flat fault have any other effect on the Iron Mask vein a^' that point? A. S.. far as I can detect it has none. T made no chen.ical examinations, but physically it made no difference. The Court: ^Might I ask vou what you mean bv the word "phvsicallv" as applied to that? A. It means that so far as the action of fractures and movements or displacements or behaA-ior of the bodies, the action would be called physical. If the flat fault had made any difference in the value of the 30 ore above or below, that would be chemical. The Court: Then your answer is that physically it makes no difTerence but chemically . Chemically [ have not examincl it. Phvsieallv it makes no difference. ' " 35 Q. "What is the next point where you observed the flat fault? A. It was at a point in the south crosscut ;N-o. 1. At the intersection where a small crosscut southward drifted on the A-ein—rather, starts out on the crosscut, which is not given here on the map; it has been opened since this model was completed. 40 there. The Court: Do you mean a crosscut? A. A little drift on the vein It' I 04 ''if' J J§^ Tho Coun: Knstwnrd? A. A uv.iwi..,! (Iin,.ti„ii t Tlu" (Wt: WctWHivl? A. Wesfv-,,r.i. Tlir ,li|. of tl,,- f.u.lf l.orn is nlMM.t ;i;j .l.nr..l;iii hke this. , 15 Q. You mis-ht mark that -.V". It is 50 feet .south. ^. That indi- cate, the po.sitionj_ the crossent i.s not on this map. ^^ ..fl .?■ , J'" Vr". '"''"'^ "' '''' ^'' ^''"'*- '^- ^'^•^' «'■'•• I ^^il' '"ark It tint latdt. I l„s IS not sealed: 1 have not put the seale on, it is only a sketeh. Till' ( ourt: Yes, I understand, Q. You say it crosses a vein there? A. It 25 cresses a vein, yes, sir. ■i- AVhat veini' A. A vein Mdiich I 'vitlioiit doubt. took to he the Centre Star, 30 Q. Just deseriho Avhat effect, if any, it has on that vein? A It is V3'y uilheult to see any definite effect at all. It simplv cits it and tliore are son.e indications of a slight normal displacement; hut the fractures of the rock nnd t:ie nnx-up of dislocations make it impossible for me to be sure: but there 1- nil appearance of a moderate normnl ri;snlo«»„,„„* appearance of a moderate normal displacement, Q. mt exceeding how much? A. Not exceeding 10 inches. 40 , ^- ^''f '^^/ that displacement, not exceeding 10 inches, ha. the .lat „ fault any other effect upon the Centre Star vein at that point? ' A It has , no pJiy.?,oal effect, except the mere cutting through it. 'M nii »'« Q Wlini ahiMt tlu' oiT (iliov(( and Im1,,w? ii'"i\"' ind below. A. 'I'liii fire [■* i-nriliiinuiH Q. Is ih.. .I,s,.|a..nn..nf. uhnt..v..r it i., I,„f „of ,.x..,.,.,li„^, l„ ,,,1,.„ .utRoicit to d.He..n>u...t tho or., to throw tho oro l.odv ..|,.„r of tho othor^ V f, .so. .t ,s „o,. A„,i p,.„..ti,.ally tl,..n. is : nl.n.k.n lin... with .rm.o nli.-hi ..Mxm,M,p M,.a,. tho ..ont,,-. ui,h ,l.o ,,h„,,. t|„,,, ,„.,, ,„, ,„, ,,i,,„^,„^i„„ IIICl'C. Q. Whnt is tlio next plnco wIuto yo„ fouml it? A. At "M.N r, ; .h.,, l'\ol; (hlM IS !l Hlllllli level TheCWt: W].iehis„ot«h,.w„on,h. loi^ A. Tha, i. as far a. It goes; It 18 only (lie iiepniiiiiK "f a rni^^o. ]:, The Court: At No. 3 raise, you say, the fiat fault is a seam' \ Xo 1 have not eo.no to that. I was just about to speak of it. No. 3 is a .hort raise eont.nn.n^. the roof of the tunnel np to about a h..i^ht of, p,.rhaps >; foot 'uu] -MMu,, n.fo the south wall of the drift and risin^r ,1,,.,, ,, „,„„„ .'o' fVet also- ~^ ma ,n, wl,.„ ^ .ieally a very tall drift with an exten.on to th,. south ' \t It leet . tiie ,,urth side of this drift and raise, tho flat fault entor- having a .1.1' ;.l .'3 decrees. On the north side, where it en.er,.. fron. th,. .oun.rv ro.k „ ,s only ■> inehes w.de. and on tho sonf, side also is , u-vv narrow. ,i„.lit -'^ii, \\ here It has any eoniininuled matter ' " ''^•'> The Court: On th.. north side where it enters; ,haf is from this si.h.> \. I'roni tins side. Tiie Court: ft is how wide' A. I( i. 2 inehes wide. Tho Court: And then as it c.Mues through, finally departs from it? A •l-ts from .t and is a mere, thin .eau.. There is a little eonunimited unUte^ 30 !» "ii the north sind.oat,ng on tho ,nodol). My station was 4 foot east of that No 47 I i." dip taken there is 29 d..groes. The width of the flat fault is from 2 'to 3 40 } 4 '*a a B ^ M By : (50 inclu's, ami flicre is ii foot of parallel shattcriiii.- .ir slictiiio- :il„,vi. it. I noted also that ill passing westward fron, this p,,int the Hat fault rises int,, ilie ro,d' n{ the drift and disappears i;t 1:5 feet west of the .-lalion. Q. Are there aiiv veins at that points A. Xoiliin- whos,. relation^ -, can lie satisfactorily made out. (}. What is the next point at whicdi vou lind a llal fault' A. The next station is at 10 feet west of station ;)1). There the dip is I'li deoi.,„.s. The s vmi liore v. s from 8 to 14 inches; tlio seam (,f the flat fault here '?s from S to lii inehcs (iii.icating on model). It is tliero ui.on the Centre Star north drift where it is hent to the southward. Q. Here ,,n the yellow levels A. At stathm ,'?!) on the vellow levl A^ tins pomt the flat fault inter.. ^ a body of pyrrhotite ore coniainlno- the i -, i.sttal mixture of eljaleopyrite. That ore appears in the wall overhead in the coiling rather of the drift, which is an imlependent fissure itself and not directly connected— n(>ar to, but not directly connected with the flat fault. The flat fault intersects this hody of ore and a clear displacement is seen of about ir, inches, and the displacement is reversed. That is to say, iliat th.. ore above •>,) the fault is solid, nphill, as regards the ore below the fault. Q. Outside of the displacement has it produced auv other e.Toct at M.Rt point? A. ft has m.t. It has produced no phy>i,.are|Vect at that point (xcept the mere cutting. ' Q. Am T to understand from yon that the oiv comes down to the haie.- iiig wall of the fissure which constitutes the flat fault, and ii„ t., that foot ■va'll from behv.v? A. Up to the foot wall from below. Q. AVhat about sh.eting there? A. The whole rock is very much stramod and broken, but in the immediate neighborhood of the flat fault par tculariy above it, there is a rude sheeting, but not parallel to the flat fault but parallel to the overlying fissure which forms the roof of the; drift. Q. So would vou connect that then with the flat fault? A. I should not; I should not connect it with the flat fault. .SO :V) The CWt: Is this different from vein No. 2, this short piece of vein? A I think It IS a part of that system, sir, without doubt. I shall come to .^ that latir. I think this is a part; it underlies it. '^^ Q. Where do you find the flat fault next? A. I find it next near sta- tion ;!7 — near station 38. k ll: Mr. King, will you put the pointer on those places as you Jiiention tliom; we can not all find them? A. I can show it here very woU 3^(refernng to the large map). Here is the point; there is station CI), just n'<^es.-rihf.d. I pass now to a point just west of station 38, which is the next "sta- ;*-tion here and at the intersection of those two drifts. The dip hero is 37 de-rees 5 to the south. The .seam is but one inch wide. The region is verv mucli gener- ally fractured and there is no system of parallel sheeting which can be : iiected with the flat fault. con- Q. I-*thatgeneralfracturing, in your opinion, due to tlie flat fault? A. 10 It is not at this point. Q. Have you given the width of the seam at that point? A. T did- one inch wide. ' 15 Q. What is tho next point at which you find it? A. It is in the sump at the bottom of shaft l^o. 3. The dip measureuiont was taken on the east side ..f file suu.p, anount,-y, showing in proje<.tlon the Ideal nosi tioa of the Centre Star vein, whicli is 100 feet back of it. The Court: Tliat is Xo. 3 Oiafi? \ TV^ •• i j:, i .ction .0 ^et in .ont of the .aft.' " Whin .::;:"t\^: -l:: ^.l t s :n two sections; that is to say, the ,Un of the section cuts exaetlv throu'^h the v.-zr,^e. ]Iere b the end of the 59 drift, the east end of the 59 drift. : ;j'he ;'-t: That is that lOO-foot drift? A. Yes, the 100-foot drift- and this figure here indicates the exact section of tlie winze. This point ,s . t:!::z^^^T''''' ^^ ^'' '"'''' ''-' '- ^^^^ ^^°^^ *« ^^-^^-^ ^« - ^l centr; 10 Tlie Court: Tile point marked "ore seanr';* \ 'i-i,,. „ ; ^ , i ^^ ;ore sea.". This is ,Iie face of the Iron .rask .st t.^lSZ;::^ :,: : " "T": ^" T:' ""^ lo"gitudi„ally throngh the win.e and exposes a true section o xt and also cuts through the east face, ..r touelies the e aee-euts ex.-tlv the east f;u.. of the Iron Mask vein o^ (iO ...t i^ U 20 tlas pomt on the Iron Mask upper drift, the Iron Mask vein is .see We h.t .pecked on these pa.er sections all of these formations a verv little be Ind he hne of vision, snnply to cateh the ey,, but the observed trutli lies b t veo Z colored areas and not beyond. 'JLiueon tuo The Court: That is, within the permanent line= \ ti ^'^ . 1 .,». Y„„ „„ tie Iroa Mssl ™i„ ,. L p^tlj^^ i.t " '"""™" that point. Q. AVhat is "this" point! i^ ".>^ W. A. The roof of ^Zl l^^:: 'Z^'^ T 'f' ''"''' feet, or 17 to 18 feet, east of 105. ' ' ' '" " I'""" "''^"'^ ^^ 30 Q. And the other point is the floor of the same drift? A. Tint is the floor of the s:,me dnft^ Here is the Iron Mask .ATo. (JO drift; this sect on CD cuts It exactly at the face, so that the points of interest h.J 'f^''''''. ^•^^' tl'nt faee of the east drift which is she vn . eiU h o- .f L Z I" "'""" '' 35 east of 105, the passage through the win e 1 e ' d f ' f' '""" ''''^' ...tin. of CeiitreStar north^drift Bet:::^!^^^^"^"^?;: -oate. It This picture cutting near the bottom of the Centre Sta . ,' resents the flat fault, which is also identified here on the I rAI. k d T'f "'" the wacev-course. ^^'^^'^ ""*t, from ^q The Court: I understand it the runnel. now. That is the tunnel. A. Thai is '.i^0' 't'. 70 ^ The ( '(.nrt: Of course, this is to give one an idea of the general direction of the \ein. A. An idea of the probable direction. },^ The Court: This, of course, is actual. A. Actual, yes, sir. 5 The Court: TJiis is M-hero the water-courso comes tlirough north and Eoutli^ A. \es, sir; exactly; and tliis is actual, on the water-course drift. t The Cmut: What drift is that? A. At this point (indicating on the 10 large map). : The Court: Tluit is the Iron Mask drift? A. Yes, sir, the Iron Mask tlntt, but fho water-course is seen the whole length of the drift. Tliis is ono of the described pomts before. I can show on the model. Your Lordship. It is 15 from tliis point here, The. Court: Yes, I know where it is; it is marked "water-course"? A les, sir; and from tliis point here the water-course dips down and cut. the oottom of the wnze ' 9q The Court: That is the Centre Star winze tliere? A Yes sir the sauio flat fault starts there off the Iron :\rask and cuts down. ' ' 25 The Court: Yes, in the .same direction; takin,,. th. same course an.i direc- tion . A. In tlie course of its dip it intersects the bottom of that winze. The Court: This l)eing, as it were, an intcrveniu- point? V So that that point is actually on the flat fault and this point is aetuallv on tlie dat faul'f ,, tJie dips are true, as observed here and there, and llio rest is ideal between the ^ Q. Now, go on and describe what you found in the foot of the win/e so far as the wator-courseis ol.sorv<.d, the effect on the ore and tlie small dko at the east side, m taet, everything in conneetion with the botlom 01 hat wmze. _ A. I liave previously described the ore as pa.ssin,. coiitini- onsly from the intersection of this drift with No. 3 shaft and .stated the fact that .1 lollowed it continuously fr,„n the shaft to tlie east face of this drift. 35 The Court: One hundred or one hundred and ten feet? A One hin, d,;od and ten feet, whi<.h is tlie face given to the section. From 'this point I fo,.nved the ore continuously down at an angle of about 4.5 degrees to 'he flat anlt. there found the flat fault coming in from the north, :oming st igh through the winze, but intersecting the ore and disappearing in the soutten ^t 4(1 71 of t;.f. uinze. I will give you the exact .lip c.f that. Tliere is a slicht difference of dap m thn .Nposure of tho flat fault on the weHt and on the east side. TheComt: As it pna^e. through? A. As it passes throut-h. On the e.,st s„lc the dip is ah.nit 27 decrees and on the west side the dip is about 33 .I-,rec>^^ rin^ slight .lifforenc. i. plainly due to the amount of attrition and fracturmg whi.h the origin of tiio fault caused. 5 The Court: What is tho uidth of tho fault? A The u-i.lth of the tault o„ the facing whi.h it enters, na.nely, on the north side. ,s ahout o f „,, „,„|,.,,i„^, ^,„ ^,^^^ .^^^^.^. _^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^ passes our. as far as it can be seen, it is not over 12 or 14 inches. That is to ^^ say the p^irallel fraeturing and attrition n.atter which accompanies the flat lault i> greater at tins point tiiaii at that. ti.< Man, l.,t the fractured mntr.r above and [,elow, does it? A. No there are 2 feet of attntion .natter on the upper side, tho north side of the Jrl The Court : A sort of washing? A. Partly, and- 20 w. 1 ','"', ," ""•'""' "^ '^'' '''^- '^- ^^^•'•"^'°" "f ^he rock, in Ma.iu., nu.l andoxi.le ot iron. Aeeompanyiug this ..v which I haye traced down this winze is a somewhat iu.perfectly seen fault, limiting the bottom of ar betT 1 r"T. , "i"' "^ "" '''''■ '''"' °" '''^ '^^ ^^^ «- "-^her and f! ,L fl 1 u !!^"'":"'"^ ' —panics and limits the ore all the wav do^vn 25 to the flal fault. Two feet above this wall is a parallel wall. ' The Court: That is on tho north side? A. On the north side. ' .1. '^^.! ^T'' o ^? ^'"' °" "'" "^'"'^^ ''"^^ "^ '^' ^^'^11? A. Two feet on 30 the t,orth si e. So that we have here three planes accompanying the ore, one illy-defined largely on account of the opening which does not fSly expo e " one cappmg the ore which is well-defined and is plainly visible, "and a third A^h,ch overhes the accompanying plane, overlying about 2 feet above. When M-e come to the flat fatdt it is seen that a dislocation has taken place and the ore 35 1 fotuHl on he downward c„M.e farther down on the dip of the flat fatilt than islcL?' " ' ''"" "^^ '''" ' ''''''' '' *^"^ p-^^"- -' -^^ A. I does no . The body of ore in approaching this flat fault has widened frott. above until it has swelled out into a groove, making a figurc-if I can ake 79 . p«„«l ... m,l,c,„e it , li„l. w.„„,_,torc h.. r«,.„ „ ,,;g|„ „,,„,„, „,„|,i„^ :h^'t:::u::;L:;::^':'';.;;:r;:',.r";'""- ^".'■"»' «•■■■•"• • -• •OMth and bi-low the other. Touna-14 to 1., mchc. to the ore ther The Court: What is the l^rcadth of that ore? A -n i ,, , hero is 8ometLi.,u like 3 f«..t '^^ ' ''^ '"'"'"'♦'' "^ t''^" A I at„ ,oir , r .id to .^li;::' ^n:^ '' '^ -^--^'^'^ ''^ ^'"^ --'^ •t thai point ,>l,erc it'i, cut „ir by the t.nl, ,1 . '' " ""■ '«•'"'•' «.,■ 0,,. !»,. „,. ,:„ l,rop,l„ ,h.„ ,C ,1,2. „.„ „"'■""■ -''r' "'"" 10 15 20 25 30 or,., wl,„i i, ,]„, ,„„„ ,,; |„,,„| „„ nil , ii ','""■ " '" h th,. „..>, „.kieh i„ di,,,,, „,p. „„, „„ .,^ .;: ; ,: ; ™7";;;;™ »»^ two walls am found dislocated in exactlv tlm .;,v,-i i- ^'""® '^^ ..™ i.e. ., p.vi„, .„.. „„, e^j'Lt;;::':: :'::;;:;:::' •;;:;;:■■ • OD^errecl. M e have not studied it chemicallv. The Court: Is it u-iunP A t ♦! • i . 35 -..i..i,-. I do „„.,,„„„ .^. I, ,,t,,L:";* ::„;." "- "- »' ^^^ ...i-. The Court: Oh, ve« A Tl,of • ^i »eu,iv„l,y ,„ the bottom, and He whole L "'T .u""* ""'' '""""•' "»"■ -no, to the .„.b .„ tbe wa. i' 1*':.^^:.;'^ ™- ^-" '■" "O'.'. ,„ «...i«n, p,a„e ..„i,H ..o.p.„,„ ,b. o.v»r;;,:;'Sip ifirt-^' 1;;t:: flat fault and above, so that there is proof that the portion observed underneath arid tlic ]i(irti(ms observed above are not the ea.siml lueetiiig of two ore-bodies b]-oii;j;ht tojielher from a distance, but that they arc th(> identical body. Q. 'I'hat dip vou get, I understand, from the>e walls you speak of, not from the ore at all in the bottom winze? A. :N'ot at all; from tn-o walls; one which immediately caps tli(> ore and one seam immediately above. Q. Could one -et the dip of ore in the bottom of the win/o bv standing there and looking at it^ A. ^'ou could not. I'niess you could strip it^ unless you had the authority to work it and strip it. or unless you bad some cor- respon.ling i)!anes which c.juld be seen above and below the fault, and who.se identity could be proved by their intcr^ I, by their strike and by their dip and by their relation to the ore. 10 15 Q. ^ow, is there anything else, :Slv. Kinjr, which vou wish to add to your doseription of the bottom of that winze? A. There are various points of geological interest there. \ear the east fa.'e of this pit whi, nnist cut tlie d vice. - The ( 'ourt: Does it do that? A. It do., cut tlie dyke, n.ost assuredly. Q. But does not displace it horizontally? A. It does not displace it horizontally. ' Q. So that the muve a foot .vide, aud I have traced it in loany other pWs, i ' ' n its course and its width and i(s dip, and its average width. 10 15 20 25 Q. Bv the way, whei^ else have you seen that dyke? Just ment o.i one or two ot the imiiortaiit points \ T+ ;= o„^ .i oHtcrop. ■ "P°" ^'"' °"*''''°P' 'f ^^'t« the I Q. Yes, that IS tlie point I wished to get partietdarly. A. It also cuts e railroad embankment just below, which is not on thi 1 (vferring to large map), but pa.sses about here findieating) It ' .^!^o seen between 39 and 40 on the Centre Star north drift. The Court: That is in its downward course' \ T„ it. i i Q^ X„.v, thai dytc, I tlm,k yo„ stated l,cfo„ i„ vour evidence „■„, .nto,. ,h,™ .,,0 „.„ „„d «rfi,. ,ha„ ,.,. „,„d.,ea,„» A. !'«, ,i, iX'Z 30 35 40 n 75 th. vein and earlier than tl,e mud-3eam. The dj-ke cuts the vein without di^ placing it. St,r ?n 0^°'' ■^°" stated before in your evidence that the ore of the Centre To the east of the dyke in its proper position. ^ i' f ^- the 1. "T^:£^::::. '-' ^^-^'-^^ '- °- - ^- point-dispw Q. Jfow what I was coming at, witli reference to the other points where you ha,, ound It. is that the outcrop. You s,y vou find this dyke t th ol crop. Wl>at about anv displacon.ent of ore there or vein? A. It cuts across the outero]) ,dthout displacoment. Q. That is, the ore is on either side? A. It is on both sides. The Court: I suppose the depths of these are interminable 1 Thev might go to the melted region, M^hatever depth that may be. ' '' ^ drift T ^cT' ^'"" fa*^ "" ^T ^^''^' ^"^'' ^''"^^•^'' ^^ known as the Iron Mask Hot^ A. I do. It IB .lus one (indicating on large map) ' 10 15 20 have Q. Xow, have you m.oe a thorough examination of that drift? A. T Q. That is. Iron Mas we better i>„t it— is tli<. point you refer to^ A. ()„ the surfaee of the ,nud-se.„„ the north wall of the mne. A .hoht ,h,i.f.inf;' „p there has shew,, that th.. vc.in. the I,-on .\rask vi,, ii^h,eh ,l,s„p,,eared at U> foet, is .till just hehind the wall of the wi,,., .„„| i^ diou-,, the,.e by dig^inj-'. Passing down this wi„x.. to a l.'Vel ot (!!. whi.-h is here, this i> the section .,f the juu,.tion of drift G!) with the win/e, and whirl, COm.s fonvard to the ,,oint where the other seetion euts it, wheiv it is displayed on eet-lH,,, C-l). Itere is the point in about 10 or 12 feet above the hotton,' of (ii) *itf, and 10 f,.et above that is eneountered the ^vall, whi,.], 1 identify as belon- tag to the Centre Star, and which dips northward about Gf» de-rees ' 10 15 I w.ll ,.on,e hack to the other seetion (C-D). The ore o-' the Centre Star '^0 whi.h 1 ,n,l,ent..d as having been discovered with this pla„e at 10 fct above ^passed down u,to this drift and ,„ay be followed alo.,^ the eas, s„i. of the it T IrT '"'■*"^'Vr'";'i""'^.^- ^" - P'-'t of inte,-seetion wh.eh 1 will ^d .ate on the lar.e ,nap (indicating on lai^e map), about inidwav of the length Of this dr,tt .!). A out „,idway of the length of this drift. :,ppea,-s verv eh.u.lv 25 tf.e ,ntc,.se,.tio,. o the two veins; the oi-e, as I stated, is fac-ihle conti. V ». the month of the dnft to this midw-av poi„t. At this poi„t a eonsiderahlo .heth r the ore M-as stoped below, but at any rate the sliaht tipra se of ....rhans 1 -. ^ aUve the roof of the drift ha, been made, in this diri^tion Is X i 30 In that uin^a.se the plane of the Ceut.v Star vein with its ore is seen ^0 the roof at an angle of 45 degrees, and the Lon ^t^::::^^^^ ^^ ■ ^ "f f''^' ''''iff at its normal dip of about 70 de-n-ees (),.,. of cj tl. Centre Star meets the fractur^l plane of thet: Mask t^J^^ about lo feet above the bottom of the tunnel. * .3- Q. Which tunnel do vou mean? A. Of the d,-ift (1« «eetioii of the 70-^ ' '• This inter- 40 The Court: You mean downwards 4 •R,,*!, • j If", 'I? 78 Tin- Court (inh.miptinu): Arc tlicy to h: sfcn pint und west? Tljf'v are to bo seen for an interval i.f about :.'0 (,r yo foot. A. The < 'ourt: In tlie drift. A. In the drift onsf and west, and aUn quite el.'firly ,-een ut the eiist face ol the drift, whirh is the point of the inter-.rtinii. 5 'I'lie intersection of thene two veins in this drift at thr midway point wiiieh 1 have indirated on the map is in (,re, i larj^e l.o,lv of f,re. whi.-h' .•o.nrs .lown on \\u>. I.lane of the (Vntn- Star, o,v '.i ,.r 4 feet thiek ai that point, and in this npward e\.'avation here is also seen the upward eontinnalion of the Centre Star ore and Its intcrseetion with the Iron ilask plane; and lielwcen the two \h n well-ree.«- 10 ni;;ed -V" of eouiitr-y n.ek included between these two vein-planes, which wet, side of this f,ic,. is seen tl... C.nire Star vein, cuttinc dcnvn on its normal i'lM, an.l the same type ,,f •'V"" iuicrsection descrihcd bnck in the stope is liere |)!ainly \isilile. The Court: Fxeine me for askiii^r you: of course, vou have pot the face -•'^ ' the tunnel here and the drift? A. The drift. The C.MU-i: Xow how far doe- that "V" -hape, how far does it f^o the meeting of the.e ledges Aunv'. A. [t shows enst and west, which is the' last r -r j.oint which ^-hews iiere. t)ecause we an^ ihe !a,-e ..f the drift. ^^ The ( 'ourt: 1 suppose I have .o„t the i.lea. A. Yes, sir, it shews ab.mt .•0 feet from the westward. Q. Clear In the breast for 50 feet. A. A\-h.T..ver th(. openings of the 4 nune are such that permit the shewing of tl.,. walls. Tin v go for some dis- tance back from there and up into the stope described, making in all about 45 - or ."iO f(>et of intersection of the two planes. The Court Of course, it would be regular. A. Depending on the opening ol ihe nanes, your Lordship. .Vn exanu.uition nn.lernearth the "V" - described shews that the Centre Star ore is departing do^vnwnrd in its own regu- ' ' lar 4o-degree course. 35 id 70 Til.' ( 'otirt: Now, is tli.-rc s,i,.li „ .liffiTfriw hcfwron tlii' oiv nf the Tentro fit.ir nnd tlu- oiv of tlir [mri .\Iii>k wIi.tc iIicn iii,.,-t -m- .'.mrHc, tli.To miiMt 1m> u difTd-.iKc. A. Sn, tli.rc if no (•liiiract(ri..tic ditlVTi'iu'.. in th.. ore wlii'iv tln-v in«>i't. , 5 TIk'C ■; .Vi> iipprci'i.ililc (litTercnoc^ A. .Ni>. 'i'hc Cniirt; Allow inc. I wiiiit to havo tlii^ clrar in mv uiiiid. I •^c.. uhat tlii-^ if from ihc Ic-al point ..(' view. 'I'lic inforniiiiion von mciiii to jjivc nu'. if I nn.li'isinnd it, U llint this l>ni]y prevails tlii-i inclinalion prevails us airninst '^^ 'J ^''<"*- '^' '''^''t ^Jif.V inti'rscct, ono uocs on in it. own way, ami the oIIkm- goes on in its way. The Cairt: They do interseit? A. They intersect: that tlie Iron Jiask vein, which we tind iiere (ilhistrntiim), and whieli w.^ find here has .leparfed ^^ hcTi\ and in my opinion will he found by tTossciitfinp- into the foot wall. 'I'hoy )iave ninintained t^cir direction-, ihon^rh thev intersect. 'i'hc Cunrt: T mean that one does not disrupt the other. A. Xot at on sll at that point, certninly. Q. And gomTallv, 90 far as you have seen^ A. Honornlly, ?o far as _ have seen, there is nothiiiLr to indicate tliat one vein ahsorl.s the other. 'I'he J'irdieations, 1.. my mind, are that they are entirely independent fissures, and 25 entirely independent -tnictures with a widely separate ori-in heh.w and that "' thev sinii)ly intersect each other in the country under consideration. The Court: In nu intersecti,m of that kind, of cours.', the couiilrv rook disappears underneath the -N'"^ A. ruderneath the "V entirelv. hi •'■0 the face of this, there is -I- feet of ore, iuiving the -tr.-dejrree plane, and a very little ore following the 7()-de<-Tee plane as it intrseets. In other words, this intersection of veins and tliis body of 4r)-deprce dipping- ore. with its struf tural planes, also at 45 de-rees. is precisely on tlio eourse. the downward e- course, Ot the Centre S.ar vein, as developed. Throughout the whole of that wFn.e ^^ Irom tlie n.terseotioH of the 50 east drift to its bottcu and as again displayed here (indieating). that is the I. M. drift. ru.f..raMy from the n.odel, unless you think you ean explain it better from one 01 these seet.ons, what the work is that we applied the other dav to have done, the object of having it done, and what, in your opinion, it will disclose, if done? ■\, i would like to shew that ou both. MO t I), Kx nl,n JO) displnv. vcrv dourly the rolatio,. of ,ho dip .nul tl.n .u-tr.! c:;;;:: s;::7'" '";•"''"' ■' ^"'^ '-'-^^ "-' ^" •<• ''^''-'y-''. '.avm^ ^ ^ « Lc-ntic Mar ,lip. at tins point is not i.hove 15 jWt I l,..v,. ,. 1 i . ^ 7 Btructtu.! relation, as si.ewn above and belou ll ' 1 '^""•';;-'» ^^^ Tl:<. Conrt: T nno,l m the groo,, croa,,cM ami nt „„ «voJp;,2."" ' ■'■ " '"'" " »• ' '- .V.I0,,. > , V, 1 verv Mr. liodwell : A most ino-enii "IS iittenipt- to ereate it. 35 deserSd hi^'hi' T::: ;;?r'"^- ^^ r :"^" ^•'^' '-'''' -^-'^^ ^^'-"'p^ n?ost of them in th^; ^li!; " "" '"'' ^'''■^- ""'•^'"^^'^- -n-ientions 40 cS] Q. That is Iron Mask? A. That is Iron .Mask. The Court: Wlmt is the name of it? Mr. Davis: Iron .Mask 7J cast drift. That is tiie there is in tlic plan. LI lie \V(jrKiin' Tlip Court: 'i'licu vou liavc heeii down in those works? A. Yes sir. Q. ]Ja\e you made a careful examination of tliat drift al>u? A. I ^^ .V Q. Now, whore in that drift do you llnd the iron Mask-Centre Star Xo. 2 vein, and in what way, by what means do you idi'Ufify it as the Centre Star vein^ A. (referring to memoranda) I will hegin on section (l-II, if you ^'"* please. The .^pproaell to the Iron Mask 71 level is down the Iron .Alask winze. 1 passed down from station (I!), tracing a lifth; ore all the way, scattered, but indicating to me the continnation in the vein. I also followed down through this a smidl. welkielincd fissure-plane which traverses the wall to the east and to the west, and shews itself more particularly on the east side of the \\-iuze, and -^ Vhich fissure oc<'iipies the theoretical ]).,sitinn of the Iron Mask vein and fits the position as defined at the top of the shaft. It is te to the east end of the drift. .Vbont mi.lway betwven the bottom of ♦he dritt and the east end of the drift is a sh,.rt easterlv crosscut in which is cut diagonally what I Ixdieve to be a foot wall of the Centre Star vein. It corres- ponds m dip and strike to the planes above, and seems to be the boundarv of the local mmerali/ation of the plane. In the foot-country as far as the short cross- tui has penetrated, the appearance of vein matter does not-I should put that no vein matter recurs, and the fissure appears to be a boundarv between the ore- 40 beai oft: ^oin iiiid plan tion 45-d Cent e.ist ill Co and s f iiiiii tliat I'ault nor a (•(inta and i fitnici . A. Y,.., sir. Q. A, what portions of the Iron ila>k 71 east drift do von find the ( ent e Star ve:n , „■ n.ost elearly shown^ A. I ii„d it dearlv sho.-,. at this end (indientm-). Imt nof very cloarly shewn !„■,■,.. 10 Qf.l...nrly shown on th,. wc.t end an.l nor vory ..|,.arlv -hov.-n on tho e.ist end. A. The reason for this obsenrity on the wes, ond her-, it eon.e, in eonta.-t wuh. „,. follow, in enntaet, praetieally in eontaet with tho .^eat north and sou.h dvke .vh.eh always disloeates-I n.enn . rnsl... and .netan.orphoses tl 'ountry. So far as I have soen none of the vein phonon.ena on the east side Im fault are as Hear and legible a. they are son.,, li.rlo distan,-,. east from tl 15 rnslics and inetainorphoses the of 20 innlt: there is that ehara-.tori-rie dilferen-e that tl,,;' hav:! '.h; ;hr '"" ''' nor as plain. phenomena ai'o Q. ;'iren. being the west end> A. Ib.r<. bc.inn. rho w.st end in 2. eentact M-ith the dyke or near a eontaet with the -Wlu; whereas to the eastxru'd nnd for the eastward half of the drift the position and ..hara..teri.stie 4.Vdeo.ree structure are plainly visible. 30 (^ Now, rho pomt- whieh you refer to in th.. wo^r and east ends of that . nft as shewing the C'ontre Star vein, the best, ar,. the m,.st rrortherlv points of the drrtt are they not? A. So far as ore they are the most northorlv part. <>i the drift, but what I believe to be the foot wall is very plahrlv visible^ in the- Q. Xo, but those are the most northerly points of the drift, are thev not? -V. i oegyour ])ardon. Q. This is the most nonl>.rly part an.l this is the most sourherlv' A les, liut the foot-wall 1 describ««t is the south wall. ' ^^" iO ^ Q. B,ff the p.,ints you dimmhcd are tlie northerly points of the drift ? ■A. xvr-, ;;;f. to IIH foi tlli X( tro eai mo 8t(i tha rati It no I soul fitc 83 Q. Now, taking the line of the Centre Star win, wh.Mv u-onl,l v„u expect to find It most clearly shewn, that is, at the south or n.,rth of tiint drift— «outiierlv of it or northerly of it? A. Xorthorly n,>d at i,s n.nin ,,„rtio„s should l,".. most clearly .■oiiiiectcd with the hatiping wall portion of the ,,rc aliove. Q. So that what you do find, then, is what you would expect to flud fr. the dip of the vein? A. It is. un m. Davis: iVow, before I go on with the other intersections which you found in the disputed workings, that is, the intcrsectir.ns of the vein—I do not ^^^ think I asked you about the v.-ius in the Xo. 1 crosscut, that is the crosscut from the north drift to the ('(>ntre Star No. 2 tunnel. Q. Do you iind !i vein in that crosscut? A. T ,],, find a vin in that 1.5 Xo. 1 crosscut. Q. At about how many feet— did you have in your ih.tcs how main- feet trom the X^o. 2 tunnel? A. About 50 feet. :\Ir. Clarke, the surveyor, gave it; it is not down on my map. 2<> Q. Have you your notes there? You can scale that. A. (Witness '.neasures distance) About ."iO fc(>t. 25 Q.^ Xow, wJiat vein is that? A. That, I have no doubt, is the Centre '' Star -".ein. Q. Do you tind any other vein or anything that appears to be a vein in that south crosscut? A. There is a little about midway, say 20 or lM feet 30 ir \ Hnt I .li.mld ..xi^li.in tlmt n,.itiK.r of those h.^li.. are ..aerly in ,h,. n,a,h..n,atic.ai posi,i,.n .hev wonhl ^ I .■ it pro, „.-e,l easru-ani fr.m. tho ..hor. lV„n, 41. an,| 4s. wiuVii is pn.haoiv .jne ro a .mall ^h^loeatin.!-- dyi<,.. which is v.-ry ..loariy .,.,,, ,n th. inm Ma-k tunn.4 which eross,.s the Centre Star tnum.], and whiH, ini.Tfores uiti, tho ...xaet posi- iiOM lit those ore bodies. 10 The Cnnrt: Did I nnderstand vnu to say, .Mr. Kin., that uiiih. it n,;..i.t he an Iron .Mask vein, tliat it is on Ir.m .Mask propcrtv^ Mr. Davi- No, it is in ti,,. Contre Star umioral rhmu. A. I, is Jn the 15 flim, hnr i am onlv k] ilitii Centre Star vein Con.n. Star niineral ehiim. I,nr i am „nly idemifvin. it wi,|, ,ho vein whi-i, is _ The Conrt: That is what I am a>ki,„ y„u. A. i, is the eastward H'njeonon ,n ( en.re Star o,.,,,,,,,! „f ,Uo Imn .Mask vin. in mv „pinion. 2' or.t,Se '^;'"''''''^''''^'''!'--"l<»-n'l-eins,l ,,..,,, a „ .>tnke. Ihat,s,.„rreet,,s.tm.t^ A. An ahsoln.olv ma'hona i> -.cry rare in eonrn'otion witii an f,re vein. iiiit'orm dip iii■ ' ""■>• < ,."in. ,M,.ii- 30 eatiiif;) upar tlie east end. Q. Of the Iron "Mask east drift? 35 d an 40 Af 1^" I'T'!'!'''^'"''^^^'^ ■""■'^'^^thatyouarespeakingof? A. This Iron Mask east drift is now hein^ ov > n^„<] f„,,„ .),„ ,.,• ! , r^. , . \ ""^-^'o" ^ • ^'"'" ^'^^ i'"i»t "t \vhicli it ended, where re ■»*?■. Sfi 11.. fnoe wn.s at tho Lotto,,,; tl„. „„„|.,1 ,,, ,„„,,. ,„ ,,„„ , iv.Mcli an intcrHrctiun uf the tw.. v,.i,m \, ,i ■ • n ttU. .I.s,.,n-... Ml,.,.. „,.. V...,. f,, ,0 .,, ,, ,„.,_ „,,, .^ ^ ;'t;; : :."':■ ^ ;; '''"'r '""'''""'■''• '•■'• ''>• -^ ''"•^•" '-iv oiv. If IS th.....i|.|„r,tr wiilluM, Inrp. Im„|v,,i ,„v ul,l,.|, I .. • . "i- . - 1 ^ ' ^ ' "" * \\ nil' lid (' N **l'f»1i fit lki> Jill- I>tar« lit tlif lowrr si.|,. „f rh,. ,|ip_ ,],• liiaiios is sc( ri very \v,.|| |||„,„ , C-l) flif In.ii .M,i>k |iliii,c i> sec, ,., \iitii>i,, ,,,1(1 ii|i- „,.„„,„,,,„„„ , ,, ,'l'''"' '""'^ Ti„. i„„,, ,i f ,|„„, ,„•„ .ii..- at ,, 4S.,I,.„,,, ,|i|, „,|„.„, i, „„ "■"" '" ;' ""'I'"'-'- 'lii. „„.l ,1, I,,,. '" ""-'- -i«i "■^■^iw:.-;::.!;,;,;:;:!;,:' •"- ■■ ,. ''.l»;^:t:! •,:;':;:;::::;'::::;-'■ T'r'r-v ^ '■- ,I,if,' V l!r...n, "' " :"u ,|os,.nl„.,| It n, ,1,.. |,,,„ Maskcasf 15 ink., ut tl... ( o.itn. Star vni ,liftV.,s tV..„, ,1,,! „r ,1,,. |,.„„ M.,J- ,, ;„ '"i ' t™ti„n ,o th. ...tward as .-.,,1 as a„ i„t..,.s..,.ti,„. (llvn..,.,,. tl.a to s." .^: tt T rt' ' :^" '■""■■'-■'■ -'l' "- I'l-... an,l „„.t nee. J" 25 nit.iM.tit. That mte:.cctinn .s at tlu ,-.,!,„ i,„li.,,u..,. I),... that .xp|,.in it/ Q. Prrliaps vo„ ,,„, sl,..vv it l,y two ,ho,Ms ,,f ,„„,..,. Thrv -nv i, IWT -t levHs; fo.. in.tan..., o.,.. ,....,, ;„„,..„,,.„ , ,„ .. ;,,, , l'':' there. A (Ilhis,n,tin..) Let tl,o ]a..,e s,....., ,„• „,p„. ,;,Z l^ Z '' Z^^t^ '"^"'" '■"^""■'' " "" ^"'•" "- -"■ -^•■'■-'•'-" "^ tile The Court: (T.ite.Tiiptitiy. , On a ,liir,.n.nt sn^il^e' \ a ilifterent strilce. 'I'iiey are on 35 Kill. r^ " "'•' '"'"'■ ^•^^'■'•-<'^i'- ^l'"t y- -isli to refer to, Mr. Ju-M. Is there any ,„est,on. ifr. Kinjr. al.ont the i.le-.titv of tlie Centve Star ^o. 2 vein al.,ve an.l below tlie ninci-senm at the -lifferent'point^ tha at i 1. v.n you hn,| above, bein. the san.e vein tiiat yon tin.l bLlou-r A T^Z -lat.onsl,ip of tlie struetnre plane, the in-aegree strnctnre planes, whieh I 40 IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /. ■6r % V %^ 1.0 I.I 11.25 ^ lis. 2.5 2.0 11^ lltt — 6" ^^-' <^. Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 r<,V iV 'i'^ ^ <^ i/.A ^ n 86 lii.vc dcscTihcd in tlie Centre Stiir winze and wliieli recur in exactly the same .sequence and exactly the same relative distance apart as above. Q. And is tluuv nny other rens tlat fault. 25 ^ Q. Kven if tlie mud-seam did cause a dislocation of some three or four or eight or ten feel, vould that as a matter of practical mining, destroy tlie con- tinuity of the vein? A. Xot from a practical ])oiiit of view at all Thereupon an adjournment was taken to 2.3U o'clock p.m., at which time ^^ the direct examination of the witness upon the stand was resmned as follows: Mr. Davis: There is a trifling error in this model that I may as well point out now. Ir does not affect the point of the dispute at ail. Tlie oast stope is run out to the surface of the ground in this model, when it shoidd not be that '"^^ far u]). It does not alter anything. Q. Xow, M-ill you describe, :Mr. King, the condition of aifairs that vou found in the extreme bottom of the No. 3 sliaft, and from there to tlie point in .^ tlie Iron .Alask winze where you pointed out on the section that the Centre Star ^•ein was seen ? The Co\irt ; Fif tv feet belr A. (Referring to sectional map A-R) Like T -mrl Tv'. ■, ■ t i • i outs throuirli. There is A-B anri T K' v . , ' * '' " '""^ "'^"''^ ik■or»nl,„ve.„,,ho,,„i„,^V^n„d■dir M>. ,, , ™mm.„„„ „f f-ir, tlip wafer course is rWo Tim ic, f hr 1 ..ff j^ .^ '""(irucn. .\. \ es, .sack is the honom of the sximj " ' """ ' "' "'^' ^•^"''' ^^"^ Tli. Tonrt: As if there was nothing in there nt nil \ v .i 20 Q. Yon ean sIiom- it on the model perhaps hotter \ ail,, f f 25 'ii"'l(^l.) This diaironal white wo,-l- 1,„ i • i I ('ll'>^ti'atmy on -'l.aft out to over 3^X h ' T , '''''""^^ ^'■"" ^'""^ »'««"'" ^^ the OAti ^,s, It has to ho connected there, but it is a little over. o.. tte lower kvel. "" "'°"' *"•" •">""•' ^'■»- »■■• Tim is .11 '"' .i,.:^: ::ra ..ir T" y;: r-"-' "■ ^ -^^^ ™- "- " 35 The Court: The workings are somewhat different to me The-e li.ive .n « thor, f„„„d to be faulted „p,v,rd, a peve™ fatJt at 12 „r 15 in^if ' iSm 88 The Court: Tlint is to tliu ciist, isn't it' \ T . tl .1 t..<-f, only s..|,an.tcd by two or three inches breadth of the (l-.t f.nlt I . H the flat fault tho ore is traced do«Tiward about live fee T font or afoot and a-h:df of ore .t t I i ^'^ "','^"'"^'"^" " nnd it di,ninisl,ed so,„ewhat downward ,nti el ''T!'';' .'f .!'"'^ '-1^ 5 f-ot beneath ,h.. fiat fault as it is equnilv i „ K '" !• "fv "'""!''^"' ''" ^^'^ H>nft to ,1,.. flat fault at that point ' ' ' """' '""'' ""' ^"'' "' »'"^ ..^rr::;.hi^;-'r=;-i::^ wai'd. The f'ourt: Broken or uubroke "• A. rid.n.kcM, fr.uu here down- ■^■'-ow„ ,0 the th.t fault. The Court: Thisisabout 8 or lOinche. ;■ n r,. 1.; v o 15 The Court: The roimon wlit- t . 1 • ■ ^ I In. l«rs,T .,,.t,„„ li„,. A-I! lie, „ ]f„|, ,„ ,|„. ,.,„;,,,,, '""I .'""'"» «t"- "•"<•> "f I-K. Tl,is i. I-K „,„1 ,I,i, ..e,i„„ i. . „, , ' ;'""-"■■■";■« "■' I--KO i-k „f ,-,. ,. ,,, ,„„.t „f ,. ,',„„ di,,„,,«r;:'t;:.:; :,:';,'''' • ■ plane— m traceable in this drift wl,;n). • 1 , . <'x-icIIn the sauio drift, and passes fron. xT ^!o x't. ' "' "' '"' ''"''''' '^'"' ■'"■•^'^ Q- i'oii menu 68, don't von; \ r. ; t ., . 30 i. . curving Jrif,. ' ' " " '™"« 1» «*, fl.i» .|rm. Tl,i, conlinnous opm drift from the Doint TO I,„, , T, ^''"'' " « pns«s di„,„,„d,,v .0 .,,. p,„„, oH',:: c „ 's: tir"';- . ""-• ,^'""' *■'" ized at a point abont hfirp—wbo. tut , * '• -^P'^'^f'ly mineral- -in, appLrs haW a It 7 i^^^^^^^^^^^ 'l ''' '''?' ^^ °^ ^'^ ^-*- Star ,o pJnde n,inoral. It dips to the n^nh i \ """'"^ "'^'^ ^' '-^ ""^•" ^^ -1" practically in position'wL ..e all iT? l^V"' ^^■^■^^- '^ ^'^''-P-^^s downward should intersect ^ "''^ ^™"' ^'" '^'''■'^^ ""<' ^'arned 35 S!) Till' CiMirt: Wliicli iiitcr-ictioii ,ui\\\ whu-U is liippiiii; to t!ic -oiilli? A. :scribed as i)eiiig en- countered at 10 feet above f.osition l(i. The seam wliicli I identify as the foot wall of the vein lies about 20 feet back of that, so the vein at that point is fully .a 20 feet wide, according to my determination and belief. It niav be equally wide in the Xo. 3 shaft above, only there being no eross-euts in it, the hanging or foot, there is no . lanner of deciding whether it is narrowed upward, or whether it is in full force in the upper portions. Tlu- C.mt; X,.vv, wliKl,,.,' my ni,.,„orv is ..„rivH ,„• n,,t misrl .,., the other .1.1.. w.y know. Wlu'i. thrv „.nk H,i. i,,,.!!,,,. i, ,,a.„.,| „ir ,,1 (his Hl.ou- fs If wrrr, tnnir,! otr on .•..•.■o,mt ,,r |n , .fi,,.- ,vi(K ,h,,r ,|vk..' A. V.'h, si r. Th.. Conrt: Xuw, „.,tuitl,.t w„Ii„j, tl.nt. it ,l„,.s not prom..! ,l..w,. with tho ,\yh; ,ln,..s ,t> I),,.., rho ,|yi<,. ;,,,p..ar heh.w this ,t nil? A. rt .•.p,.,.ar., (Incctly r'list. ' ^ TIm. Conrt: So if th.y kept ahm.^ the dyke it w,.„l,l hnvo I.e..,. -Iriven i". A. It u-o„l.l have heeu .jriven m hy the i„vMsi„n of th.' ,lvke in that 10 I I.e f .,„rt: S„ ,t ,s not n „r-re question „f their eo,„inu' .iK-ainsf the ,lvke h.re an.l then not ehooMn,u. to ^„ on there, l,„t they flnallv l.a.l to follon- "tho 1^ i If altofjcflior. Mr. TJodwell: They eontinned the direotion in order .,. f„ll„u- „„ .,n, 'IV i'nn-i : Ti,ere are other reasons. I reculleet i, as well as ean l,e: th.v wanted to fdllow the dvke. 20 Mr. Bodwell: Ye., hoeauBo they did not w.,nt to ho stopped on the way nd the „-,nute they got off of ore they wonld have ho,., stoppod. ' The ( onrt: Ti,at is n,y reeolloetion, l,nt I did not reeolloet that the ev '^'» ipl^at.on that uas ,iven was that they wanted to follow alon, to avoid til; Mr. Davis: There is no dispute about that. A. Xow, there has horn K.n.o work done s.nee this. This seetion euts the ^rcen drift whieh is the^ni.. 35 'H..^ Conrt: The 100-foot-drift. A. The lOU-foot drift of the Tentre ' tai. It IS hetwren the winze and the shaft. TlH^CWt: Tothooastyoumoan? A. Yes. sir. this seetion is bo- ^^ iwecn the winze and tlie shaft. The Court: It is not, then, the marked end of the shaft? A. Xo. . (Ut east drift, not very far down. 10 or 12 feet east of the point where if Iciivi's the Iron .M;i.-k winze. This i)lunc in '•'.•ated here is the (danu pro(ln<'ed Id feet ea-tward of the iron Mask vein flmt 1 have deserihed it, where it wiis encountered ID feet from point Itl; K", is above hero; it is encountered up here in tlie winze. Therefore we have tiu' vein in preen level at tliis point ^'"^ of same section — this is an uet\ial matiiem:itical section — we have it down liere. for its hanuinjr wall there, and its hanKiufi wall here (illustratin;r). These are ideally connected between the two, but in order to m ike this idcul connection the clean, smooth 4.''.-d<'p-ee dip. it h„s pr.,<'ee,l..d from the ciiar down to about here ( indicatinir) so as to i,e id. ally changed to meet, so that this wall can be ^^ swung in contact with that wall, and that is duiu'. The Court: IIov, i-ou know that there is dislocation here? cause it occurs both to the east and to the wc-t of it. A. Be- OK The Court: Any other places? A. In otiu'r places. I can i-.dicate those places exactly. I'lmt ,|i '.cation is to be seen at this point (illust.-atlng on l..rgo map) on the edge of the pit of the Xo. :{ shaft; at this point, at the bottom : of the Centre Star winze, and since the plane of movement of the Hat fault comes 30 through here and makes these intersections, an.l makes these dislocations, what , 1ms taken place this side and that side, prove what has taken place in between ; the two. It would not prove any distant point. The Court r Inferentially. A. It would prove for such a short distance as 35 that cou.parat.vely positively, if one may use such an expression. I don't know that there is anything further. Mr. Davis: Xo, T think th.it covers it, Mr. King. Q. Xow Mr. King, what in your opinion is the extent, both lateral and on the dip as shewn m these workings here on the model of the Centre Star No - vein and ,ts relationship to the Iron Mask vein and to the mud-seam, and I 40 :.f 92 wo\ild ask you to answer that question fully, that involves tlie country west of the A. Am I to understand that Q. Xo, not west, east of the vertical dyke, the model or map^ A. Shall I describe it on The Court: I don't know; describe it in your own way. A. (Refer- ring to tlie large map.) It will require both a reference to the model and to th"e map. Perhaps I had better take tlie model and sections; it will be less eon- fusing. I will take the numbers from tiie large map. Upon the level of the 1^ Iron .Mask tunnel, the Iron Mask vein is shewn from a point — the point is not numbered— is shewn from the point lOO at tlie head of the Iron Mask winze, is a soutiiep y direction tlirougii tlie wliole longtii of tiiat drift to its breast or to near its breast. It is shewn also in a stope above this — I should go back and particularize it. Directly over the winze tiie vein is seen to approach the 15 north and south dyke, and is there a width of a few inches. T to 9 inelies, pass- ing eaatwardly to the centre, reaches a depth of 12 to 15 feet; it reaches a width of 2 or 2i feet r.f solid sulphide ore. Its dip is disclo.sed from point to point, and passes from 08 to 71 or two degrees to the north. Tiie strike, accord- ing to the points of the compass, is about east and west or about 15 to 18 degrees 20 south of east. The Court: You always take the strike at tlie horizontal: A. Per- fectly horizcmtal; otherwise an obli(]ue error is introduced. At this point it is about 16 feet east of 100; a stope has been worked for 2-t or 25 feet to the east- ward, and that stope, so far as I imderstand, (though I liave never been uji more tliaii about 40 feet in it), I have myself personally examined tlie open stope casually for 30 or 40 feet up. In passing still eastward through 105 a vein is seen overhead in the drift, continuously carrying ore from tiie stope straight on to a point about 12 feet south of 41, although 41 is on the yellow drift beyond, or giving it as a dating point, there being no ninnber. i; 30 The Court: This would be about where your hand is held from this drift? A. Yes, sir. The ore is carried on the fissure of this vein to a point about here, 35 (indicating) wliere there is a considerable upward opening, and where a junc- tion occurs with the Centre Star vein which intersection and junction I pre- viously described. The object of giving those data are to shew that throughout the length of that drift there extends a true fissure vein, having a strike of 15 or IS there to the east, and a dip of approximately on an average oast of north; 40 that vein, so far as I know, carries with it no companion fissures. It seems to be a single, definite, remarkably well characterized fissure vein, and wlierever I have seen its filling it is filled apparently, not only by substitution or replace- ruent, but by actual vein filling, such as is common to many of what are known 'f 93 as true fissure veins. There are no truer fissures than eompound veins, but they received that name before compound veins were really understood and recognized. Thus vein „my therefore be said to be a single, simple fissure so far as we see it, in followuiir this vein down the Iron Mask winze. The vein as I have before said, beinj, easily and fully apparent ,n the roof over the win'.e." is 5 fo.lowed down, d.min.shinR ^somewhat in width, but still carryin-. the ehara.- terist,,. ore and the defined fissure until at a point about ir. feet above and below the botton. of the winze (illustrating on Exhibit 21), below that there is a fis- sure there which we conceived to be the continuation of that an,l from here down a duuMMshed hssure which occupies the plane an.l is, in n.v opinion, the IQ Iron Mask vein reduced to a seam. " rKef<.rring to large map). A third manifestation of the vein exposure is to be seen from the point 44 in the Centre Star Xo. 2 tunnel to a point a little east, about lo or 18 feet east of point 48. At point 48, the mlul-seam also , . comes down on its appropriate dip, where there is a body of sulphide ore, the ^" .tnke of which crosses it, directly across in this manner, east and w<.st The dip af that ore body IS about 08 degrees to the north. In other words, it has the characteristic strike and characteri,t,ic dip of the Iron Mask vein. Fro,,, that po.nt( which ,s 4S) it cuts into the hanging wall, and re-appears in this .Irift, the „nft being ,n 48 and I will .Icscribe from 4S to about 20 feet east of 41 t does not shew all the way, but may be followed fro.n point to point, carrvin,: a Ittle ore, or shewing its characteristic fissure to about a little north of 4;] 4 or 5 ect nort of 4:. Its natural cou.-se, which has been even in geuerarfroni at p,j,n . tron, 48 to nearly 4:3, a little north of 4:i, the vein disappears into .the nght^hand side or the north side of the drift. At this point an obvious dis- location has taken place. There courses through here a dyke having about this in< mation (.Hustrat.ng), a little east of north. That dyke appears verv clea " in the angle of this iron Mask tunnel about 50 feet cast of kl Mr. Davis: That point is 10.',, and you might as well mark it on the map ^0 o that you wi 1 be able to refer to it, but it ). This, my Lord, represents the floor of this cross-cut on the cross-eut ^5 20 25 Q. From "X" to 45? A. From "X" to 4.5. This diagram (on the blackboard) lep.esents a portion of the drift from 45 to "X". Along the south ;.val the soutn side of this drift, the flat fault if produced nearlv hor z^a y 40 Its dip to the southward being thus, ' ^' . The Court: Does this represent the floor of the drift? A. This is the «oor of ,). drift; it is really a diagram from the side of the drift; this L the Mi'-' "'''^< 94 floor and tl.is is the roof of the drift. Along this south side of the drift comer the tra-e of the flat fanlt to this point, and here nu-ets dvke No. 1, a dense laniphrophyre dyke witli a slight dislocation at the contact wiiich traverses this' dyke, cuts it, and is there met In- a prominent and powerful Hssnre whi.-h sep- ..■ates dyke Xo. 1 from dyke So. 2 and throws l.ackwanls. It appears around the angle part of this drift in the fa.e of it. I .-nnnot represcmt that verv well. This face here is 10 feet hack from the raise of the he Court: Disph.ced^ A. Displaced. There has heen a lateral in fault between there and here of 10 feet, throwing this part hackward. This dyke which we last saw at the point "X" re-api^ears at the point of Xo. :] raise The dyke cursing through here has ma.h- one di,location here, of about 10 feet and her" brings into view the Ir.,i. .Mask vein in the bottom of Xo. .'] upraise' also displ.ced-tlmt is to say. the vein which left the drift a little to the north of i. 43 has slipped d ^Vitness: Because it shews the intersection of the horizontal veins. J!.ast of the dyke, therefore, the Iron Mask vein Th,- Co.irt : I think yon told me that intersection occurred about half way ^^ Wros., here diu you not? A. That intersection is about midway between there and there, although the vein of the .Centre Star is in here and along here all tlie way, yet the planes make their intersectioa on the north side of this drift Oil Its level and upward on the dip of the two veins. So far, then, as the Iron 4. Mask vein IS disclosed by workings of the great north and south fault, it is a vein extending from 48 to 106, and from the surface downwards to 71 its strike teng coincident with the Iron Mask level here, and its dip of 70 degrees main- tained with the slight and usual geological variations. f4 $ 96 g. Tlic Iron Alask h^vcl -lierc" l)cing Jn.n .Mask drifts A. From ]()(; to 105. ,Thu8 devclopt'd it is a plane tissurc of ixTinaiu'iicc, of miu«nal nyularity, cnrii-iied i„ ,,laeos l.y ore masses whicli I only know as at prosout left, reacliinji ciTtaiiily two and a-half feet of ore, and proliahly more in the slopes above, whicli have ont been stripped. This, in other words, develoim one syteni. It is a trne vein; it is eliaraeterzed by its own dip and strike. The Conrt: And perfeetiy distinet? A. Perfectly distinct from any otluT. Tlie Conrt: IVrfectly distinct from tjje Centre Star? A. Perfectly ilisfinet froni the Centre Star. Xow, the Centre Star vein is a vein which is ^^ develoiK-d by the Xo. .'I shaft from top to bottom, by the outcrop to the top of Xo. -', down Xo. -2, and from a point 25 feet east of 49 to near point 53; up the upraise No. 2 to a point nearly vertical from point 43. It is also developed in the preen level from 5!> to 01, in the Centre Star winze from til downward to the bottom, in the Iron Mask winze at a point lU feet above jx.int 1(1. tiirough the Iron Mask (I!) drift from one end to the other, down the Iron .Ma.sk shaft from Oil to the bottom, and throujihont the entire drift, 71 drift, from end to end. The Court: Centre Star? A. Centre Star. As developed from the ^q wall shewn in the Iron Mask winze at a point 10 feet above 16 and from a wall " wliich I believe I can identify, or have identified, betueen 3S and 08; it shews a vein which also occupies its own individual plane of fracture. That piano of fracture has a dip of about 45 degrees. 15 The Court: The two veins do not meet at all hero, do tliey? A. N'o, they meet at 71. A slii-ht fissure, which is all that remains of the Iron :Mask at that point, is within the Centre Star vein at that point, as it has been from 69 down. The Court: Then this Iron Mask drift is really along A. A Centre Star vein. The- strike of this Centre Star vein has certain curvatures, notably at this point, being over the Xo. 2, over the lettering Xo. 2 on the map as it defines the X'o. 2 shaft. There is another number there. The Court: It is on the outcrop? A. On the outcrop. 25 30 35 The Court: Between No. 2 and Xo. 3 shaft? A. Between Xo. 2 and Xo. 3 shaft. And this develops on the surface two courses, one general course from the top of No. 3 to a point bearing above the lettering "No. 2"; and the 40 H>cond course due to a bend from that point on to Xo. 80. This curvature is also indicated under, id. Through thr rreen drift from 5» to 69 the strike of the vein .« ro„Khly ,n,rall..l with th. Hfriko of th- ...tn-up at that point. That H, .t cam,., the Ha,,... ,,rii<,. as i. sh,.«n i„ tl... ..astm. p.rt ,.f th.- .,„tn t., tho IM ...) t....t to th.. west of Xn. SO. Tiwrofor., rl... .trurturo nn-lorp-oun-l cor- .•..spon.ls ,„ ,.,.„,.,,,! w.th th.. Htnu-tur.. on th. snrfu..... I h.v.. pn.vio,..lv stat...l tliiit I was nnali (> to tell whether tlin .!;.»»;.„.» i ii i • ■ , ,., . , ^"" ""^ ""*f"'nv'. A V.n Mr- that H to miy. ,t, ..arru's it. on- fro,,, ,^0 f,...; ,.„,, „( n. to .V! in «,M„.raI parallel 'line, with tins curve. ' ^4 Th- ('..ui't: I s„ppo.s,. it i.s nn oxtraurdinaiv pa,-allcl for nntniv i. it .., "i^Mal one^ A. No, they nro o.rnsionnlly seen; that is to say, a n.mi.i.n |0 (urvc ,1, an outcrop like that is often seen. _ Tlu. Court: That is the ,va.o„ I ,„„,l,, ,], ,,,,„„,k t|,„f j^ j, .,o„ f,,.f ,i goitiK down MO f..r with all this snperineuml... .r p.-essniv. \ I |u,ve <..'„" thos,. ..nrvafives followed e than u rhousan.J feet. Now. the vlationship ol these two v..i„s-tl,o dip of tle-se two veins-,-, .uin.s o,,.,,,,,.,,;,,,;^ t\nU thev liiforseet ,n the downwar.l eo,„-se. The TO depT and the 4.-, de^r,,e ,.,„st e.it one anothe,.. Aeeonlin^dy at thi. poi„t of ,.„rva. uv of the Iron Ma^k drift, .d-ont ... ,...t west of 10.-. and fn.n. that poi„t en. n.nlly, tho aotu.al imtersec' tion of the two walls ,s plainly to he seen. It is also plainly to he seen 20 The ron,-t: Where does the intersection take place? In that pM,,i<.nlar dnft or t e lower one^ A. I,, that particular dr ft. It occurs the,-e on tins drift (the Iron .Mask drift) an•"" '"•- ^""-' c ft h 1 T "I ''"' ""■'•"•^^' *'"* '^' "^ ^'- '^"^-"P. in the .reen ,. duft, the blue dnft, and various places you have mentioned, wl at have vou to ay a^ o the ,.o.i ility of these ore bodies found at these poiits not coiirti^ii: a en A. J think there is practically no possibility whatever of their no] constituting a vein. lu every part of their course they iiave been foUol. d, and -fw*. 99 ^vhon sections are constructed on the actual working openings and the theoreti- cHl positions plotted do^vn they ahvay< intersect a body of ore or a body of vein matter accompanied by the appropriate walls which are always approximate in strike and dip to the Centre Star. Mr. Davis: That is all, my Lord. Mr. Bodwell: I think, my Lord, ^vith your permission, I will begin the cross-examination of Mr. King in the morning. Thereupon the Court adjourned until to-morrow, April 27th 1899 at eleven o'clock A. M. > • > 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 I.: ,; f 100 XINTH DAY. Rossland, B. C, April 27th, 1899. Eleven o'clock a.m. Trial resumed. Present: The Court and same counsel as before CLARENCE KING-A ^vitness for the defendants. DIEEOT EXAMINATION CONTINUED AND CONCLUDED. 10 16 Bv Mr. Davis- r^ Mr. Davis: Before my learned friend begi is o,.e qiiestion I want to ask Mr. King about which was m^tte^'ln' Ws fion in chief. ■ins his cross-examination, there is exaraina- 20 ir.a^oi^^:!td:;'"''^'^"'™^^°^'^'"^^^^^^ ^- ^^'-''°" ^^-cre showing the interoeo- t.on of Iron Mask and Centre Star veins? mtersec- 25 30 101 The Court: Is there no number or any tiling else by which you can iden- tify it? Mr. Davis: Tliere is no number tliere, my Lord. You have the nun-ber , on the large map there, as 105, haven't you? A. Twelve feet east of 105. ^ ns 1 identify it. Q. East or west? A. West of 105. Q. You better mark it on this plan, Then. A. (The witness marks it on tlie map which is the base of the model). ^ Q Wlierc is that point as regards the place that you pointed out yester- aay ^^ being an intersection of Iron Mask and Centre Star veins in that drift? A. About 10 feet east. Q. What did you find in that winze? A. I found a body of ore about 4 feet 111 thicknes., dipping-I can give you its exact dip-(refernng to memo- randa) dipping about 46. ^ fe ' Q Which way? A. To the north. It is underlaid by a considerable l^eam of calcite, but the ore is practically solid, though a little mixed at the top. Q. What vein is that? A. Centre Star Xo. 2. The Court: Do I u-.derstand you to say the vein is intersected? Mr. Davis: They intersect near that point. The Court: The veins intersect near 105, east or 105? Mr. Davis: Xear 105. The Court: What is the point of your evidence? !':.^t:J riT^ '^^"» ^^^ P^-*- The fact is, he finds in that 10 15 20 25 30 35 ^vinze .hich is sunk from the level of Iron Mask east drift, the bent^Sa^^^n Q. Which side of the Iron Mask ^vinze? A. On the north side. |the level above? A. What level do you refer to? i . ' ^^ I VI ? \ '"". ''^"'""^ *" *^' ^"^* '^''^^- ^^- It i^ ^^-^^^tlv; it corresponds pith Its natural geometrieal place. - ^"■^'^^'sponas Mr. Davis: That is all. !»!■»*" 102 10 CHOSS EXAMINATION. By Mb. Bodwell — 15 The Court: Mr. Bodwell, a moment. It is only fair, because this ques- tion may lead to cross-examination. Mr. King, is that the only Iron Mask tun- on nd or drift amongst these different drifts on this level (referring to model) ^ A. 1 do not personally know the history of these drifts, or which company-— The Court: I thought you said there was a portion here uf tliis yellow dn ft (m your evudence belonging to the Iron Mask. A. x\o, sir, it was 25 that which is in the level below. also. The Court: So that this is Iron Mask also^ A. That is Iron Mask The Court: Well, will the Iron Mask Company, Mr. Bod.vell be ^ood enough to use these stripes to distinguish their oL side f .om tl e otht Se It mil make the evidence of your witnesses clearer to me. . Q; (Mj- BodweU beginning the cross-examination). You had no tron ble in Identifying the vein at that point as being the Centri Star vein M^ 2!, L ] \ r. n " identifying its geometrical relationship with the cHp ana strike of the Centre Stf.r vein. ^ A. L Jh "ll"" '' ''" '"'" ^*" ''"' '"'"" '' '^^ ''''' ^^ -ut never in distinetion to the relation of the two veins. 15 Q. An:ontal distance is taken on the long diagonal to the strike of the vein but does not give Its width at all. > ■ • .rinf?' r'^'^A*/"" ^''' *'" '''^^'^ °^ '^' '-'''' "* "^^'•e than 20 feet at that ^5 point < A. About 20 feet. to foo? ^''^ **"''"''' *^' ^""^'"^ '''^"^ '^' ^^''"' ^^' '"'^*'' ^'"'" '^"»P^"P 30 Q. I understand you to say you did not find the foot wall at this point'' L 1^" ' ^ r "'"^ ' "''''^'' ""^"""^ °^ «^^ ""^ it' ^^hich is tlie fuxthest loot wall we now have. Q. But you won't say it is the ultimate foot wall of the vein? A I will not; no, sir. ' 35 Q. Therefore, you can not be sure you have found the foot v^all? A I can not be sure that we have developed there the full width of the ■ nn. ' 40 Q; So that 'he Centre Star vein in 69 east drift, according to all human probabilities, is a very large vein? A. The ? "^«»"g ^o «il human T-\- -JRmaaL-: 109 .1, Q, TJ« Centre Star vein? A. The drift is not wide enough to develop ine whole oi any broad vein. which direction, hanging or foot? "^ Tii.it dritt? A. In 10 -aS.::t::X:j;^s::igi^.-^ - — are M-nll s?de?''"i:™f ""''^^'^'^ '° "^ '""''^ '''^'''' ^^ -P--n on the foot 1^ lir. KirJ^'T At tirr- V? '' ^°"^'"^'^^ '^^^^-^--' -« von not h^ -».. -a-t tJiat point not very great. " ' Q- Ion know where tho rlnm- "">r" • ^ "' t]K.e proceedings? 1 I do not "' ''' ^'"' ''''^^'^'^ ^'^^ "^'^^ "^^" 20 stntio?38'T thhik tiiel"':^ Zr^a^ sT "''• ^^ ' ^'^ ^-""^ -th 25 Q- Perhaps it has been taken away; bnt near 38? -'.good dell ^Z IZ '''''" ^'^' ''' ^'^ ^*^*'-^- That door bothered me a 30 i or tht. "^'"^ ^" '"° '°°^^ ^^^^^' '^"^ I ^0 -t know that there is any letter " „. Q. I suppose the letters have been taken of A TT, • oo , ^^pression is that both doors are between 38 and 39 " ''' ''^^ "^'^ 110 Q. That is not in the immediate vicinity, but in the very close neighbor- Loovcr iiercolation limit, Q. If the attrition ninss, then, i< an -vidence ,.f movement, at the reritre T) Star vdn/.e yon found creator evidence of movement than at any other point? A. I see no ren^^on for that. Q. You found a i.q-eator amount of attrition^ A. Ves. hut 1 did not .'■ay that the attrition was nn evidence of (.'onsideral.le movemenl. 10 Q. r know yon did not, hut I say, if an attrition masa is evidence of movement, you would find stronger e^-idenee of movement in the Centre Star uinze than at any o'her poi.-.t? A. Yes, 1 should think so if it were. Q. Will you say (hat the attrition mas* is not eon,i*tent with movement^ A. I \nll not say that it is not consistent with movement, hut I will say that its width does not at all indicate any amount of movement— any considerablo amoimt of movement. D. Do T imderstand you to coniine yourself to this, then, that the extent of movement on a faidting fissure is not in all eases to be mciu^urcd by the amount of attrition mass in the fissure? A. Xcver. 15 20 Q. Xever? A. I never said that. Q. You would not say that? A. I would np\er sav that. 25 Q. It Mould depend altogether on the general character of the rock in oa xvhich the flat fault was made? A. Xot altogether at all, it would depend on very many things. Q. In tough rock you would not expect to find as great amount of attri- tion mass^ I don't know how to describe it— an easier rock to break. A. That, in my opinion, would not be the main determining cause. Q. At any rate, we may take that as a faer, may ^ve not, Mr. Kins, tliat i there are very strong fnilt fissures, sharply defined and extending over T great extent of territory, with little or no selvage on the walls of the fissures? A. I Quite so. _ Q. Then you won't undertake to say that the amount of the attrition mass in the flat fault— in the planes of the flat fault— is not consistent with a move- 35 40 «>S»iK»JlW;' 112 .n«„t .,r »nl. an opi„i„„. '" ' " '' ""' ""<■ '" f"r.„ ., jmlg. ■v,.:;. , li'L:",,',,:™:::*" °* ■"" "- '- -'■■ "'• '^'-^^ »™— a. Q- No, I „,i„k w . „„,ta„,„„, .,.,, „„„„, _^ , ^^^^^ ^^ _ ^^^^_ . ^^ .0. 4eMi; J, t,i";;' r::':;';:.'™":.'""" "' ■™"' 1-"- -n fen,.; i ,„ akc i, in ,|,.„ „,,y " \°, ' '."":•'" '■""■ "•"'• I 1-1" >■<•« -.-ill n„t Q. Bee.'iuso [ soinctinu's tret nn\oH ,„ ^Vou't v.,u plons.. rea.l the ,uoHtio.r ' '"" ^'"'"^"^'" ^"•™«- A. Q- (Head as follows): Then v,,„ „.|ii . , , 20 nmonnt of the nutrition n,i .•„ I" .:",."'." .'"'[ '""''■••'"'<" '" ^uv that ,ho not consistf' i > it is iv ition mass in the fl f , inl T. '" "' *''"' "'« I"" nat lauit, m the planes of tho lint fmilt ,v Q. Xow, the distance botueon the Oentre Stnr „•• , . Srf>en drift and the point whi.di u-onld 1 . . '' ""^ *'^'' ^"'^ "^ t^'" Hrift, is how far, Mr. K^nT 1^7 "*"'" r'""*^"*^^ -'^l^ No. 69 east "f the win^e, do you mean? ' ^' ''""'^ "' ^'" "^•''''^') ^-'" ^'- '-ad Q- Xo, I mean from the bottom T ,i, 1 1 point. I don't want it oxactlv. r^uLn U 1^ ] ''''''''' ^^"^ ^''"^ About T5 feet. ' " ^* "'" ^^ ^ *''•■ «''* ^-^It and to 40 Q. That tho veins were formed b.-fore the flat fault? \ Ti formed before the final movement of tl,P flnf / u T , ^^^^ '"''^^^ ,„«,.„ * .^., „ . - /'"*^«'"<^"t ot the flat fault, and nrobablv hofo^e ary« Jnovement of the flat fault. ^B^ 113 Q. Before the vortical faults which you have discovered in the neighbor- hood m the disputed territory? A. Some of tlie dykes are, vertical fissures and dykes, are later and some earlier than the flat fault. . ^" ^"''!L\^"'""!^'^'^™""'^.>^«^^'''i^^^''on''esdownont ^ v.mze^ A. The vein or flat fault? Q. The vein, I believe you say, is older than that flat fault? A Then .should CO, t the last answer. The dykes, so far as I know., are all la'ter than 10 the veins, fc, ;ne earlier than the flat fault and some later. Q. Thr.n, any movemenr whieli ocenrred at any period during the forma- tion of the fissure of the flat fault or the vertical fault, or the smalldvlce would affect the vems in that vicinity? A. The original fissure of the ^eiu would 15 bo independent of any action of the flat fault and of the dvke fissures, and tho«e lower fissures locally affect it whenever they cut it or cross it. „.• I?' 1,^^'r V'f* '" "^f^''"^^"- ^''^"' ^l'e>'e ->vould be disturbance in that neighborhood which must necessarily affect the veins more or less? A That 20 juld be absolutely a question of local determination in every particular ease 01 intersection. lood of the rentre Star winze Xo. 2? A. In answer to that I sa^ that ^^ there would be evidence of the displacing action, and the limits of th.it displace- n.jnt are clearly shown in that Centre Star vein. Q. Do you say, then, that the movement there ^vould not have affected tlie veins which are the e >rlicst formation in that neighborhood? A Tliev ^^ would intersect. The flat fault wuild intersect the veins, being later. ' Q. Knowing the character of the country rock in that neighborhood >vill vou say that a strong movement might not segregate patches of ore at different places m that roek? A. I would say that when any fissure crosses a vein Ind '^ displaces It a certain amount of local fracturing of the ore would be quite possible, and that a drag, as it is technically called-that is, a running of the ore on the plane of displacement-and limited practicallv by the amount of displacement is probable and in this case exists. on th?; i 1, ^ ", '' ^ ""' ^'^"'"""^ ''' ^ ^"PP-^^*^ '^'^ -«^^'i ^S'-ee of th rock it lT '" 7 T ""'' ""^ "^ "^^ '' *'^^ «"^^-l --ti*-"ts of the ock Itself segregations of ore created by strong movement in the viVinitv or result from strong movement? A. I would say. so far as T have seen the' 40 II 114 rocks, the veins, tlie neicrhl.orhood of the veins an,! ti,„ i • , (he camn th^t T «li«,.n a v.. ' ^ *"'^ ??Polo!Ticn1 conditions of o k a; Jtl '"^ f*'"™^'"^' ™^^«"''' "^'""eml in the country )ock. And f there are no primary metallic minerals of the eate.ory o^e ore minerals m that rock, no segregations can occur of it ^ Q. T will come to that poin^ a little later, Ilfr. Kino. I Avas answering your question. °' A. T thought 6 Q. Oh, yes, that is quite in order. I Avas onlv indicating that it midit 10 not e necessary to elaborate it just at the .noment. You .411 It agr Then that that was a hkely event, the segregation of mineral matter out of th ori^n"; mass of country rock at t!iat point ? A T ,„^, u t ,7 oiiginal likely. «t point. A. I would. I would say it Avas not ^ ^ 15 Q. But there would be a certain amount of drag created by the cros^inc by hssures crossing the veins already in existence? A. By a fadt Lsu:e. ^' Q. Taking all these conditions into consideratm,, ,..;ii , . . A. 1 say that It would be impossible. i»eiedjuy. Q- Why? A. Not of a vein, but of this vein. 25 Q. What distinction do you make, Mr. Kin"-? A WoU +i . -^ W »™e „,h. kind of a vei,. ,o,-,„ rt,;„,k .h„c: thc„^,e^':l" ^ "J n-var* ,ho .o„.e Star vein U,.. cist, .h.e htlZ'Zl 'f Itat there m.y be ,„,preg„„,i„,„ goi„g ;„,„ a, „„„,„%„,,, "'"''"> ' ^- 35 P wl.e,o the Cenlrc Star »m«, now stop, and the p„i„, at w 115 ^\Jiicli it would meet the No. 09 cast drift? \ T= »i * i ., t,o„ that tliere i. no body of oro theroi! Is this a hypothetical ease< The Court: It is in the 15 feet, is it not? A. Yes. 1 expect to find a body of ore practically continuous. Q. Then if it is practically continuous it must depend upon mineraliza- hon m the xnuned^ate neighborhood? A. It n.^t, as I have sa^^ ii a part of the ongmal mineralization of the vein itself. Q. Do I understand you to say this, that you ^vould find a mineralized cont.nmt.v of r.ek, or a continuity of iruneralized rock^ A I JJTZ foirLuK " "'''"'"*' ^""'""■' '' ^'^^° '""^^^'"" '^-^•■' ^''"^- -"-^-- top '' 10 ... 1?" ^ ^7' ^^^'" ^'";^' *^'"* ^' "''''^'"«' ^^ '^■«^"- *l^«'"tion of vein. But ^ould yon find a continuitv of rninerali.od rook between those points? A i expect to find an absolute continuitv of ore. 20 Q. You will not say-that continuity of ore you would find ia the rock between those points; of course, that goes witliout saying. A. Tliat is belief. IS mv 25 Q. But you would also look for 45 degree dips in that body of ore ? A 1 would look for its general limits, upper and lower, to be on the" 4.", degree n^ A. Xo. You do not find the foot wall at all, if mv conception of i.e question ,8 right. If my concepti..n of the question is right the foot wall dcs not appear Referring to section (MI). According to my conception of th<. structure, the hanging wall as found is against the east side of ihe winze, 15 at tn.s pomt 10 feet above IG, dipping about 40, and the foot wall would be al- ways under that winze. Q. That is e.xactly what I meant, althovigh I did not express myself cor- rectly. Therefore, there would always be ore in the Centre Star vein south- 20 J am speaking as it looks to me, Mr. King-South of the Iron Mask winze? -V. JNot necessarily ore. ^ Q. The indications of the vein, perhaps, would be the better way to put It! A. I hi' indications of a. vein. " 95 Q. If not the ore, the planes and the fractures which indicate the vein« A. And the substance of the vein, which is not always ore. Q. Either ore ov the vein material .tlien,-at least conditions which ^^ Nvould physically d..nionstrate the existence of the vein at that point ^ \ J)k1 you ask me are those the conditions? tiiere. Q. Tho-e conditions would be there. A Those conditions shov.hi be 35 Q. Should be there? A. But not necessarily ore. Q. Would those conditions exist to the level, the blue Iron Mask level (IS shewn on the model? A. In my opinion they do and ' ^^ Q. That would be a vertical distance, Mr. King, of how far. speaking generally, roughly? I do not ask you exactly. A. RougWy,100 feet '^^i^^T^ESifew*^. ■-.*t.- llM And if you ^vill allow ,ne to finish that answer. I will .ay, that what I believe to be the foot wall doe. appenr on that level, in the small cro«8-cut from the level. ^' ^'^^ '-'"; "";.^ "--iernng, Mr. fvin.., t„.this en.H-.nt (indlcatlnp on model)? A. That httle cro.s-out ihere-that little south crosscut. 5 Mr. Davis: In the middle of the drift? A. Middle of the drift, and ncconling to ' ..i.ht i . .".' . ' "°"'^^ ^' ^''" ^''"' ""^- ^^f I''" -Sgostiun. that n .,ht he made w,th reference ,o work prospected from the Centre Star winze n. the en cross-cut. from the north level A \\'Un* f^^ •, . ' " ^'^ Q. Then the extension of that work would either demonstrate or refute 3(. the .orrectnes. of your theory^ A. Of what work, sir? 1, J''"" ''' '°°* ""' ^^^- ^"°^ -" '^-^ ^° tJ^e north level, sin1:in, from here down ? Mr. iJans: That is the l.lne level. ^^^- Bodwcll: Yes; it is our north level. A. Not at all. That would not determine anything except— '^'' Star 1 ':::foLiziT i"t : "T^ t ^^^" '''^'' ^^ ^'^ ^^'^^^ louna tdere .- A . It depends on how much you cross-cut. 110 Q. How far do you xay you would have to cross-cut { tl.ii.k .■ven with .Toss-cuttTng we .•ould hv m.,o of nnythiriK? A. I do not :: . _ g. Why? A. Uoraxm you are foIhnvi„K down fl». ,.«,t .id- of thn Q. You .„v vou found the Iroa Mask vein pursuing an u.d.rokou course, unliroken fir, IV dov I, thnt structure? A. No, sir. Q. r.o«.!,not? A. Oh, yes sir; down the stru.furo of tho v.Mu. Q. Now, uxe structure of the Iron M..k vein maintains its existence here why does not the Centre S,... vein do so? A. The Centre Star vein might very well be earlier, in which case Q. It miKht be earlier. Do you sav it is? A. I do not. I say it nuffht be, in whieli <'aae the conditions of the Q. Mr. Jving, pardon me, please, A. Yes, sir. 10 15 20 Wr t " T r'" f ' '"^^ '"'^ "' ^'"" ^^•^^^^' -"•"' - - belief, the 25 tentre btiir vein—the Iron Mn*k vein. " Q. I think you jmt it a little bit strom-rr than that Mr l<\ncr 7.„t T „ willling to take it at that. You were sati.ied that .H::^^^ IZ tamed Its structural eondition along that disturbing element? A. YeT ^^ A if ,•« ^7 ■ '"' -M ' '* " P°''^''^' *'^"' '^'^ ^^^"*»'« Star vein mav not do so^ A. It 18 ,jiute possible. ' ^ "" »o. 'think'lo. ^"* " " '""' "'"" '™''^'^' '^''' '' ''''''' '^ ^* "°*^ ^^- I Jo not 35 Q. Because it is a larger vein than the Iron Mask vein? A It is ^m:Z "Z^l:. '''''- '-'''- '-- ^^'^^^^ ^^ ^^-- *^e easiest thin^ ,, Q. Bui it is ,0 wido th,t any irresnilnrily caused by tlio north and soull, verfeal f„„„ »„ld bo r.Cficd, p™b.,J,, i„ ft, p„„e of ,„e voin Idf' Iw ', 120 it not? A. ^ I doubt it, for the reason that whereas the north and south dis- turbance, which is a very compound disturbanco of two dykes and a fault, whereas that disturbance lias got one inch or two inches of Iron Mask vein to play ^\ath, it has got 20 feet to smash up and disturb of the Centre Star larger vein. Q. But it has to create a correspondingly larger movement or smashing up in order to destroy the identity, has it not? Do not the two things balance each other? A. No, I do not think they du. Q. Would you say they do not come nearly to balancing each other? A. T say, wherever we approach very close on the strike of tiie Centre Star to that disturbance, it shows a great deal of dislocation and bonding and crushing. Q. Suppose you took an intermediate point and kept away from the dis- turbing forces of the north and south vertical fault? A. As a practical miner I should want to get far enough from that fault to be sure that my dis- turbances were practically over. 10 15 Q. And would you like to get close enough to another vein to make the connection easy? A. Xot necessarilv. 20 Q. It would be open to that objection? A. I am not aware at all, that the presence of v,he Iron Mask there makes it any easier. 25 Q. At any rate, Mi-. King, it would be open to that suggestion, would it not? A. I do not know. I should never have suggested it. 30 Q. Have you gi\en us all the reason why you would not advocate a con- tinuance of the work from the bottom of the No. 3 incline? A. I should never advocate that, because already, in the sinking of the shaft, they have been thrown fully 40 feet off of their natural line; and if they went on down from there it would be a continual struggle with that dyke, and I would be free of it, 35 once and forever — go off wliere I did not have it. Q. But that is simply another condition attached to the disturbing cle- ment of the dyke? A. Yes, sir; but Q. It does not alter anything; it docs not make any other condition than the induence of the dyke? A. No, I am not implying any other reason than that. 40 ^a^ -|f-/* l-2\ h ' 7 4 ' } Q. You would have a vcrtieal distance for that exploration of 100 foet instead of 15? A. ^Vhen I got that L5 I would try to get some more. Q. Yes; but I understand you to say the 15 feet here demonstrated the continuation of the vein? A. Between those two points. You would then, 5 in my opinion, have the Centre Star vein to the east end of tlie Iron .Mask drift. Q. Will you shew me your section on whicli you show the intersection of the vein now, the first intersection with the Iron ilaA-^ Perhaps I cfin get it this way, without troubling you. You show an intersection here in it (refer- ^^ ring to model), do you not? A. I do. Q. Of how many feet in vertical height? A. Oh. I should sav 15 or 18. Q. And you shew an intersection in the upper drift of how nmny feet vertical height? A. Oh. 8 or 10 approximate! v. 15 Q. And you shew an intersection in tlie Iron Mask winze of how many feet in a vertical height? A. (Referring to section Ci-II). Al)ont G8 feet. 20 Q. Sixty-eight feet? A. About 68 feet. Q. The crossing? A. I think so. Q. At about 68 feet, you say? A. No, I say of about OS feet. ^^ (.1 "Will you explain just what you mean? A. (Indicating on section G-H.) As in my opinion, the Centre Star vein enters the Iron .Mask winze at a point 10 feet above the station 16, and as the Iron Mask vein comes in contact 39 with the same Centre Star vein at or near 69, and remains within it to th? bot- tom of the winze, therefore the \-ertical height you ask for would be about 60 to 70 feet, roughly. Q. Oi course, you are speaking <»f conditions that are visible to the eye? A. 35 Visible to the eye. And I am assuming that I am correct, as I believe I am, in identifying that 70 degree seam Q. I am assuming that, also, for the present. A. Yes, sir; for the present. 40 Q. Xow, then, you would simply add, then, as I said some time ago, you would simply add 15 more feet in vertical height to evidence that already exists, by the construction of that winze? A. That is true. 'f^^^'^^^mmev^f^i^-^^m*. nn9miMmmw>-:^ of be ve: tyi Til iiiii u tru filh n.t i 12i Mr. Eorlwell: Mr. King drew ..ertain pencil marks on section G-H, E mlut 21, ^vhach he state, to be only approxin^.to, and .lueh arc connected wit Ins answer, and which he marks witli Ids initials, the letters ^"C. K." on the s tioii G-H. X- th sec- Q. Mr. King, you were connected with the Geological Snrvcv before the ^ i:rs.a,..e ot the Unite.l States Mineral A,.t of 1>72, ^vere von not/ A ^o sn', with the United States Geological Survey. ' ' Q. That is a department organized; Imt with the United States Geological service would be a better wav to put it. A The I',.it,.l s;f,t„ i .■ ^* +1,., (Afi 11 1 • I- '■ -^- i-Uf I nited States exploration in 01 the -JOth parallel; yes, sir. ^^ Q. I think that began in 186S \ Tn I'Sc.c.r v •, , , . . b * J.UU,:,. ^i. in i^'.S; I pant exactly remem- ber; the spring of 1868, I tliink. '' _ Q. And at that time tlie quartz veins whicli are most familiar-mineral veins, perhaps I had better say-tho.e that were most familiar were the quartz veins of California? A. They were; they were the type known. Q. And they were the typical fissure vein? A. Thev were a peculiar type of fissure vein; they wre a fissure vein, but a peculiar type. 15 20 Q. They were considered to be tlie typical fissure vein at that time \ They were not the typical fissure vein of the books, b„t thev weiv a tvpe for 25 the Coast. Q. The typical fissure vein of the books was a fault plane extending down- wards to an indefinite length, was it not i A. Xot ne, e.saril v anv open fissure mineralized after the Freiborg pattern. Q. Perhaps we had better have that on the not.-s. wluit that is. A The true fissure vein was a vein M'hich was prinn'ily an oper, fissure; secomiarilv, filled with mineral matter distinct from the enclosing walls. Q. But it had ilistinct and well defined walls? A. It did. Q. And continuous ore? A. Not, necessarily at all, sir. Q. A continuous fissure vein filled at intervals with ore. .\. Filled nt intervals with gnngue stone or ore o' both. 35 40 iw ^ 123 Q. Within reasonable limits, that kind of a vein would answer the de- amption you gave of the Iron Mask vein at the close of vour evidence yesterday A. Within rea.sonable limits. I said at the time, that without more study and much time it might he imp,, sihle to tell whether that was filled with foreign matter wholly, or wa,s partly the result of the replacement work of attrition tlie vein. in Q. Have you any knowledge. Mr. King, of the historv under which the Mineral Act of 1872 was compiled ..r drawn? A. What was the date of the IQ first one? Q. 1868. A^ I think the Act of 1872, if I remember rightly, was drawn by Senator Stewart. Q. Of California? A. Of Nevada. I may be wrong about that. 15 Q. I suppose we can assume that it was drawn with reference to the type of fissure vein that was then most commonly known? A. I think it was drawn chiefly in order to gobble the Oomstock lode. ' 20 The Court: And it was gobbled? A. And it was gobbled. Q. And under it other lodes have been gobbled ever since, have they not? 35 A. Yes, sir. It was a very bad law. r rJ^' ■ ?' TT^^ '"°'P*'*^ ^''"'^ ^"•^ ''''' tl^e fi^^^re vein as seen in California? A. That was the best known type. 3Q Q. Was it the normal type, or at least the typical xeini A. For the west coast. _ Q. For the west coast, yes. I understood you to say that those compound 35 veins did not come into existence until a long time afterwards. A. You mean come into recognition. Q. And into recognition, I sho^old have said. A. Their recognition and comprehension is somewhat recent. " 40 Q. The idea of applying the Mineral Act to a zone began with the Eureka-Kichmond case, didn't it Mr. King? A. That was not an application to a zone in the sense that I have used it for zones at all. 124 Q. No, but a zone of ininernlizcd country? A. To a body, I should say, of niinenilized country. Q. A body of mineralized country? A. A broad body of mineralized country. , 5 Q, And it would in limit be called a zone? A. I should hardly apply that to the Eureka deposits. y. I know about that, Mr. King, but you- If you happen to have read my testimony over — A. (Interrupting.) jq Q. (Interrupting.) I think I iiave, and I don't propose to take you over it now. I am not asking questi(m8 with reference to that point at all, hut I tliink I may be A. (Interrupting.) It was a broad mineralized body of 15 ore. Q. I nm near enough correct if T say that the application of the Mineral Act to zones or belts of mineralized country within defined li its began with the Eureka-Eiclimond case. A. Legally I cannot say, hut a- a miner that qn was not at all the first. Q. I beg your pardon. A. In a mining sense that was not tlie first. Q. But you cannot speak of the Mining Act and its application to a min- 25 eral zone in a miner's sense, can yon? A. Xo, I understood if that was the first recognition of the zone. Q. No, I stud the first application of tlie pro.-isions of the .Mineral Act to the zone. A. So far as I know, it was. 30 Q I think it is correct. A. So far as I know it was. _ Q. Now you have described the formation here as being a shear-zone. A. Shear-zone veins. os- Q. Shear-zone veins. A. Shear-zones may occur in rock where th've are no veins, or when occupied by mineral solutions and made into an ore (!• •' 3it, which would be a shear-zone vein. Q. Do you recognize distinctly patches of ore within tlic zone? A. In 40 this case or always? Q. Well, either way you look at it, Mr. King? A. I do in this case, raost deeidedlv. Pl( id c-iil fCA JSS the i-lie sbei 12.-, Q. Do you alwavs? A. I .ay tl.ut tluTo aro .na„y «l,onr-zones whi.h nre purely goologicl u.ul oxtmor to the mine.-.l z..nes a.ul „o,. , „pro.n.„.,i. Q Wc will l..ve those .,nt .,f ,ho q,.o.,io„. I „,„ ,p,,kin,. of th-.e hodies uHlnn ,he Imufs. Do yon reoognue those shear-zono .oirH within th. h.uiH of 5 ihe zonc^ A. Very decidedly. Q. Tho c.xistciu.e of a shear /.one i,M,.li,..s l„„md.nos of .on,., sort, dues it not? A. It does. Q. I understand that n,v friend asked you on several oeoasions, Mr. "' Kin.. ,t mi<.h and ,-h a thing, wa- phy.ieaily possible or irnpu.sihle; as, for instance, speaking ot lie inclined shaft, he said was it pliysicnm ,,„ssible tiiat the hody of ore seen ,n tiiat was not a minernl vein. T underslo.,d him t-. .^k yon a question oi that sort. A. And f said that in n,v opinion ir was not pi,v- K, Honlly possible. ' • ^'' Q. And T also undei.^ood him to ask you a similar question with refer- ence o the inehne.l shaft >,o 2; hnt at any rate at other points in the mine. A. And I replied as regards No. 2-or at least I don't ren.emher my reply. gO f'- ^^f^ I <;-'* think 1 did. A. (Cntinned., E„, in mv belief that I\o. 2 also exhibits a vein. Q. T suppose those questions would not have been answered, an.l those 25 nnswers would not hav. been given, e.x,.ept that your evidenee is a s.-ries of in- Jerences, Mr. King? A. Xot a series of inlVrenees. It is a series of appli- cations to the statements of facts. Q. Am I rioht in saying this-I did „ aicar, to east anv reflection you- statement, of course you understand that. .\.. [ know that. on 30 Q. But am r right in sanng this, that in the fii-st place you infer a deep- ated origin of the minerals in question? A. Yes, sir. Q. That presupposes a fissure? A. That presupposes fissures or a fissure. 35 Q. Or a fissure? A. Yes, sir. Q. Consequently, when you have conditions which are consistent with the existenc. of a she.ai-zone, you conclude a shear-zone, a fissure or a set of Meai-zone hssures? A. If I see those fissures .nd should conclude they are ^liear-zones. """■^^'I'WM^tia^Biw. . Q, May I put it thi8 way: that if you sn., .......iition. whi.-h nr. .•..nsi.t....t \uth th(WO flHHiirt'H, you conclude a sliear-zoiic lis-iirei A. I dou'l think I iiiiite undcratiuid the distinction. Q. 1 suy you pivsuppo... lor the cxistc,,,. ,,t' thai ,„•,. a lis.urc cxtendinK r» to the depths the ore would bo found J A. I do. Q. And when you find conditions in the rock which are eonsi..|ont with I he Hhenr-zone, you infer a shear-zone tissiu'e tor tlie Miincrai. A. If tjic mineral nnd the shenr-zone coincide. iq Q. "VVell. will you say that the c.nditioiis are inconsisfml with nnythin;,' but the shear-zone^ A. As regards the Centre Star vein, | (h,. Q. Do you take that out of the general liody of the coimtrv rock? A. l'"'' hiive not in siillicient deti.il esaniiried tlie re-t of flic \(.iiH to see. Q. Do you think you have exiuuiste.l vwry fact whicli n hitcs to that sub- ject? A. T do not. Q. Then nuiy I not !),■ correct in sayiiu; that vou find conditions which are consistent with a shear-zone, and therefore concluih' i -hcar-zoiic^ X. Xo sir; that is not my attitude. My attitude is. tliat j find •mditions which are in- oonsistent witli any other hypothesis. Q. AVithoul an exhaustive consideration of every fact wlij.-li hkiv bear npon it^ A. Without— no, I will modify that, so far as this vein ijoes, T liave neither doubts nor misgivinu nor fears when I announce it to be n'slu'ar- 7one vein. Q. You speak particularly and entirely of the Centre Star vein? A. 1 do in this ease. 20 25 30 Q. And without reference to the hearing which the otiier eonditions of 3.- the country in the n-ighborhood had? A. I have seen sotuething of the ^ ether veins. Q. Yes, hut you have not sec it at all? .\. I have not. Q. Then do you still think I am going too far when [ say that you iind conditions consistent with the Centre Star vein being a shoar-zone fissure, and therefore conclude a shear-zone fissure? A. No. sir; vou are not correct in that. 40 "-nrmmmmafaaiitBi aB*iSW«M»s»i|«B«\..;,.n«! 127 Q. I r-m not c-orre.-l? A. No, sir. T fi.ul .onditians wi,icli ate con- sistent with notiimg else thin a shcar-zon,. vein, inin.rali/cl from tl.o dij). Q. That is, you find conditions which arc cmsi^tcut witli Ilutllill^r else than a shear-zone in the rock where the Centre Strr v.in is supposed to bef A. 5 It is, in iny opinion. Q. I understand that you are speaking of your opinion. A. Vcs, sir. 10 Q. I say, suppose that you tind the conditions f,,r the shear-zone there? .\. I do; i]i other words, I find a shear-zone. Q. I think we will have to let it no ^t that. We ,l,,n"t seem to j-ct lie- yond it. A .shear-zone fissure necessarily implies walU; .\. Yes, sir. Q. Havinii' a houndinc; plane, oivin-' a l.oimdini:' y\:u\r to the fissure? 15 A. Giving a pliysical houndiiiir phuie. Q. A physical bounding plane. 1 am ready to take it that way. When you find planes which are consistent with that physical hounding plane, you so denominate them. A. I have tried to e.xjilaiu in scsveral of ray answers, 20 that the detennination of the exterior bounding plane of a shear-zone plane can only be arrived at by cross-cutting liberally in both directions. Q. I know, but for the purpose of your evidence in chief you nssit^n 'noimding plane.s to the ore in the centre of Xo. :! incline. A. To the ore, not o' to tlie vein. Q. But I understand you to say that you find within the wall enclosing the vein, a body of ore^ A. A body of ore, yes, sir. Q. Abo-se and beyond that you find (Correlative walls whiidi you call the hounding planes of the fissure? A. As far as seen. I particularly said that T had not been able to cut 30 Q. (Interruj)tinK.) I did not mean to ask you anything more than that. But you will not undertake to say they are the ultimate bounding planes of the ^5 fissured A. I do not. Q. But when you find these walls, and beli<>ving in a fissure, vou denom- inate them the bounding walls of tho fissure as far as kuowu^ A. Yes, sir as far as the bounding walls. 40 Q. Is not that so because you presuppose a condition precedent in the shape of a fissure? A. There must be a fissure precedent to the filling of the '.ein. P"iililii '"''Trr~ )1C( the ml lioi A. not 10 1 A. 128 Q. That is, in your opinion^ A. la my opiniun, yes. Q. And a fissure nocossarilv? A Tlmt !< nf n fi^=„..„ • -ru . . ^ • ^v. i uar i> ot a iissurc vein. Therr' are l^rcolation A-eins in soluble rocks, wliit-h arc another class. 5 Q. I am go.ns to give you a cliauce on tliem m, a minut,., hut for the present, a fissure vein implies a wall? A. Implies a fissure. Q. And a fissure necessarily presuppose, a wall ,„■ a houndin- plane. A. A fisnire necessarily supposes t.ne divisional piano thron,uli a rock 10 Q. But it necessarily must have boundaries? A. One fissure need not lu'ccssarily be thicker than a sheet of paper. Q. Xo, T understand, hut it muy lie half a mile across. TIow wi7o. I use that also for a •'' plane seen two or three feet above in the hancini: wall. Q. Arc we hearinir of a new term now in the word "correlative" as ap- plied to a plane? A. If it relates to another plane p;coniotricMllv it is cor- relative. Q. I understood you, Mr. Kin.c, and if I am wrong aliout it you will cor- rect me — you call them correlative planes, Viocaus-' they were correlated to the jthmes which enclose the ore. A. Structurally. 15 Q. That is what I understood. T \va< vialit to that extent, a-^ anv rate? A. Tcrtninly. Q. And finding them in the direction in which you did, yon denominate 20 ihem the bounding planes of the fissure. A. Xot merely Ix'cansc I found them— — Q. (Interrupting.) Will yon say this, or may I say this, with reference pr to your evidence, that you did call them the bonndiii;;' planes of the vein? A. Xo. I qualified that and said not without cross-cutting could we tell whether wo Lad not the foot or hanging wall of that vein. Q. Ihen you called them the bounding planes as far as known. A. As 30 fa'- as seen there at that spot. Q. Xow, then, do I understand you to say that you disagree with the statement that eruptive rock of the description you find hero contains in its ■ riginal magma the metallic sui>atonce of the veins? A. Xo, sir, I did not "^^ bav that. Q. You did not say that? A. I did not say that, no sir. Q. And you will not say f^at? A. Xo, sir. Q. Would it not be likely, 'hen, or is it not i)ossible that suuie other gen- tie ,. in, having scientific knowledge, perhaps nearly as extensive as yours, 40 130 Mmild take these same conditions and prove the filling „f these veins by hiteral ^...naion' A. T think, if he were nnder examination, an eqnallv'learned ^entleniim would ask him how he accounted for the seeondarv deposition of py.rholitc which has heretofore never l,cen described or known or fitrured upon, r iind no reaction has ever been ai\cn for it. > o Q. I iicli metals exist, one side would claim this as evidence that the metals had all been leached out, and the other as proof that no sucli leaching had ever been possible." A. That is quite familiar a long time ago. which was Phillips. 35 Q. That is from Phillips on ore deposits? A. Yes. sir. Q. Yon have spoken of Mr. Emmens as a member of the Scientific So- cii ty to whi(di you belong in Xew York? A. I have. 40 Q. He is a prominent man in science, is he not ? A. Very prominent. Q- Has written a very celebrated monograph on the Leadville district? A. Yes. sir. 131 Q. He adopts the theory of lateral secrelioii, docs lie ii„t, and argues for '!, and finds fur it^ A. He does. Q. Will you undertake then to say that Mi. i'liillip^ is wrong when he rciK'hes this conclusion, after reviewing all of those autli relutious in my opinion. Q. Wlience those solutions come, is -till a matter <.( , ,,ntn.versy. A. I have not heard a controversy as regards those vet; it mav he. t^. Whence those minerals came in other i ks of this description is still a matter of ecutroversy? A. 1 solution eimie in other igneous rocks^ A. I lost the first part of that. Q. 1 say it is still a matter if controversy whence the solutions came 1 think r am using the language of the hook—that is all of the reas.m for that lihraseology — whence those solutions came in other ma-ses of enii)tive rock? A. I think that the application, that the (piestioe mii-i alway,- he decided upon each case, and men who have decided rhe ipiestioii from one case and not seen iiiiothcr, or vice versa, are not in position To lav down anv yeiu -al and universal law. Q. Has not ther(> heen a fi(>rce ( troversy waged over the Leadville dis- trict between Ascensionists and Lateral-secretionists? A. There nught b(\ 20 25 30 ob ii ill Q. So there might be a controversy betM-een the Ascensionists and Tator- alsecretionists in the Eossland districts A. There would have to be an eii- liiely new kind of evidence li.^re v liich has not yet been obtained as to the char- acter of the mineral, the original primitive mineral contents of the rocks, if they tiav(> anv. 40 1 M-J Q. l)u you rfiiy that iron pyrites is not Hkoly to Imvc l„ra .riiDUd in tliia uM-i( A. 1 sny that tlio iron pyrites tlmt I haw scon is secondary uiul local, Q. Aii.l you hnvo seen .t in tlic (ciiiiv Star vein mihI in tiic mineral dc- ]in-its of this iifighhui'linod? A. ^'I'S, sir. 5 Q. So tluit. there is no priniarv <'t in tlie erniitive roek itself? A. 1 will say thiit to the best of my kn. _,■ ,,f tlir character and eheniical eon- i-tituents of 1 k, the augites and tho liornlilendes — in other words, tho ferro- uuij:ne eonstitnents of this rock and suhject ii to chemieal determination on a verv lari:e scale. (). But if you found that that had leen ilone 111 other eriip- , tive ro.-ks, you would bo comparatively safe in coming to the c.'nclusion that "^ \\hiil had prevailed elsewhere also pre\iiiled here. .Mr. iung^ A. I should not ijc warranted in assunung a local seyregation out of the rock itself under laiy conditions represented hy the present state here, absolutely not. because there are none (d these widespread dceompu-itions of rock which eive ground ^ and render jiossihle sucdi a theory of Mr. Kminens' theory of Leadville. He '^'* there had a body of enormously deeom]>osed rock, (uu of which these solnti(ms might have come possibly. (^ Xow, ^Ir. Emmens only reasoned from a particular instance to a gen- eral conclusimi, didn't he? A. Which 1 think is the nio.-^t unwarranted ti in science. 40 inig Q. That is your opinion ? A. Yes, su\ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 4 // .vv^ s> % S^'. ^>^ WrS M ». Q ^-f^s ^'v- %.., *m i J i;?;i Q. And I suppose Mr. Kmiuens has an ciiliroly dituM-ciit opinion? I don't know wliotlior lio lias iiccn sliakfii \>x I'roscpnv, Q. Mr. Proscpny is dead, is lip not; A. rnfurtunntflv. A. TiiP Court: Proscpny is an autlioi^ A. An aiulior \vii„ difd a iVw voars ago. Q. I sui)pose, Mr. King, 1 nia/ a-niiiu liiat y,,ii jiavc not soairlicd for conditions wliich would contradict the Ascciisioni>ts" tlictuy with reference to tiii> vein tilling? A. I have looked oven' tlio country, wherever I have l^een r1)ie to sec tlic country rock, and in uiy former geological ranihles over here, I have looked wi*^h a good deal of care to see if outside of the inHneuce of any vein 1 ever could ii'ive cause to the pyrrliotite. and I never did, and pvrrlii.tite is tiie characteristic mineral of these veins. Q. And pyrrliotite is a secondary ))roiluct? \. Never. Q. It is an original? A. It is an original prodiu-r; it ha~ never lieen made secondary, and its whole origin is a mysterv. Q. If you had found iron pyrites you would have found conditions njioii which lateral-secrelionists have liascd a theory? A. Xo lateral-seeretionist has ever proposed or ventured to propose a theory of oi)t^iininir p\rrliotito from iron pyrites. Mr. Bodwell: Xo, I don't think tliaf I said that. The Witness: I mean, that is the po-iitio?!. Q. I mean, if you find iron pyrites in the mass ,,f the rock, if the eruptive rock, you would find the conditions ii])on which tiic arguments of this kind have hcen baay that it is impos- sible that it can be so formed? A. T wonld imi sav tlmt it is iios-ible; 1 ^ee absolutely no suggestion of any inannci in wldcli it can be done, and T would also say that ])yrr]iotite is the same pyrrhorite found in a cabinet shell' or in the War Kau'le vein, and can be investigated jnsf ms well from a nuiTo-copc from any place where found as here. 30 Q. This is not the investigation of the pyrrhotitc, bni ilie invest iiiatiou of the conditions under which the eruptive mass was vTcateih A. The first step on which to found a theory that the ]3yrrhotite in these veins is sccondarv and derived by lateral secretions from country rock is to show pvrrhotite as a primarv constituent of the rock. Upon examination I can't tind it to lu; in ne o- smgle mstance. Q. Would you say that pyrrhotitc can not be formeil \,y some (fhenucal reaction which as yet you do not know? A. Certainly, 1 wonld say frankly that the reaction by which it is formed 1 do not know, and I fancy that nobody 49 else does vet. Q. The conditions which induce the precipitation of vein matter are heat and moisture and circulation, arc thev not? A. And often pressiu'e. ol ro th to 111 nc nc th fu Q. And often pressure? A. Y( <, ase a safe ••onclusiou that it is a primary constituent of the rock, that knowhxlge docs not cxi.-t. Q. Can you place tlie distance at which lateral-secretion must necessarily beg-in. A. With the experiments in the individual case, under pressure "on can. 10 15 Q. Has it been done? A. I think probably not. Q. Is not tb^t one of the grounds of controversy between scientific men? A. In my mind that is entirely a secondary point. Tlu^ first point is whether you have got anything to secrete from, and if you have not, hypothetical pro- cess will not aive it. Q I under.stand you to say that you caimot find the conditions necessary to nroduce pyrrhotite from lateral secretion near enough to the veins or far enough from the veins in this place to found a conclusion? A. Xo, sir, that is not what I said. 20 zo 30 Q. Let mc understand you. A. I will try to make it clear. T have never been able to see pyrrhotite as a primary constituent in the unaltered ri^C'ion of this rock. Q. Do you mean by ''primary constituents" that it never could have been a part of the original magma? A. Xo, not at all. Q. AVhat do you mean? A I mean that that is part of the objection. Q. It never could iiave been a part of this ejected rock which is in this neighborhood? A. A primary part. So far as my observation warrants the conclusion, and they are, I shotild say, sufficient; I have looked very pain- fully and carefullv for it and have never seen it. 35 40 *mt»i¥!^ggg'ii: Q. Will you iiuli.'ntc tho dinractcr of th.- ul,.-..rvnti,M,. llu.t vo„ Imve r..ia,R>; A. Walking' over tlics,. hUU to nie it was a irnnU |„i/,/l,. wIumi [ first cumo here what the origin and somvc of tlif> pyrrhotif,- wiw, a.i.l ircoiotri/in^ over tlieae liiils, whcnovor J .■ould se.. a good .xpnMu,. .,f , k. [ I.mvo ..xMniin.d it to sro what was in it, and I never yot found a pi. ,•.• nf prin.itivc pyrrii.,tit... Q. I und.rstand you to say that that .•oul.l nr,t 1,,. d..r,nif,.]v a^oortnln.-l without a cliftuical analysis? A. Xo. f did not say that. Q. You do not say that ^ A. I did not say that. Q. ^ Do you say so? A. I say tliat .•h.Miii.Ml analysis would not show it; cheraical analysis of the rock would not siiow it. 10 Q. Microscopic investigation would ^ A. .Microscopic !nvc4i,uatiou 15 vould show it as fru- the individual .slide. Q. How many slides have you examined, 'Sir. Kinir? A. Xot manv very few. The slides that I have examined L will say frankly was unaltered country rock. ■. . _^^^ Q. So that you never have examined a slide for the [.urpose of this inves- tiiration? A. Xo. A. Q. You say chemical analysis would not help on to a conclusion at alH .,r Xo, sir, not in this rock. ""' Q. Why not in this rock? A. Because the ferro-maf:ne>iau minerals of which it is considerably composed, carry pyrrhotite, and the dieniical analysis, ff there were any pyrrhotite, that would l.c lost in and nK>rgod with the iron which is contained in the ferro-magnesian minerals, and could not he determined "^^ separately under any chemical circumstances without the absolute isolation of the mineral itself for analysis. Thereupon an adjournment was taken to 2:30 o'clock p. m. "nmrmimtimims^mm. JDII 11 o1 hre i:;- AFTKKXOOX SKSSIOX. 2:^0 o'clock, p.Tti. I LAIfKNCE KING. (KOSS EXAMINATION liKrilJXlKU. 10 By Mr. Eodwkli. — (i. This ' -,! of rock is erupted, you say, ^[r. Iviug? A. I should say s>o, ves, sir. 15 Q. In cooling, of ''ouvsc, that would fdviu joinfcil pianos? A. Not iKcessarily at tiie reirion under eonsidi^ratioii. Q. Xot necessai'ily^ A. Xo, not necessarily. 20 Q. It is a eiiaracteristic of the cooling of eruptive rock, is it, that you find jointing planes'^ A. In regions near the siu-face, but the evidence as to „- how much lias been worn off of this country is not good, or the question ha% not been worked oif. Q. Do I understand you that there is nothing to indicate a series of breaks which would corros]iond to joint formations in this rock? A. Yes, gQ sir, but they may not bo the joints due to the cooling of an eruptive mass, but to the straining after cooling of . n eruptive mass. •I a • Q. Vi'x, liut VdU cnn't snv tluil it wi'mM not ]»' il,,. jdintiri)^' dm to ^lirink- iir.' in cixdina. cnii von? A. Not ilclinitch. ui. Q. At Iciist tl >iiiliti( lis tliiit you tiiiij would Kc roiisi-tcnt witli tlmt, a kind of tissiiriiiff, or jointing, or wlmtcvrr tiic )ii(tjiir iii'm is, \v- trict, these iilani's; A. For ideridiU- di-tniicc. (}. Then \du have the shear-zoiic, a -hearini;' (■(■iir-e, perliajis, is a hottor 25 way to express it? A. Yes. (^. 1 understood you to iiln-irate that liy -ayjnu' that there was a com- pressive force crimiim' in two directions or from two ^idcs? .\. l''roin two i-idcs primarily. 30 (}. Ami prodiiciufi thcrohy a movement of the rock upon itself? A. I'ltjicr way. withotit n tortiarv' distnriiancc. (ij. A tamiliar illustration is to take a pack of cards and inoNc tlioni 35 I ('tween yotir hands to illnstrntc shoarine? A. Thai would illustrate it. The ('oiirt: I iindorstood that wiuild apply to shcctiuir. The Witness: That is the same as shearinii', your Lordship. 40 Q. yhectiiig is rather the physical elfect that you see, the piancs that you see running parallel with the movement of the roek upon itself; that pro- ihices slieetinc, doesn't it? A. Also, shearinc; thev arc intendianireable. '^'tf^^mmmmm^mmam'M'- 13!) Q. Now, the last expression of a force of that kind M-onld he to eh.se the cracks up, would it. not, Mr. Kinft? A. Or initinlly to prevent its opening to any considerable extent. Q. A7onld you find as a result of that also other fissures hreaking off at 5 angles to the general^ line of sheeting? A. Very freqnently at right angles lo the planes of sheeting or shearing. Q. Have you noticed that liere with reference to this particular A. I have not been ahle to absohitely correlate any s(^ts of fissiir(>s here. zone; 10 Q. Did you fix in any way the comparative age of this shearing? A. With other planes? Q. Yes. A. I do in certain instances. 15 V Q. Did you fix the comparative age with reference to the vertical faults which are found here? A. The vortical faults I think aro all subsequent; they are all subsequent. All tlint I have seen. Then? may be otliers T have not seen. Tardon me if I correct myself. Outside of tiie mines there are very 20 large dykes which belong to the general niairma of the region and ma^ have preceded even, but I have not seen them in contact and cannot defint^ Q. ^ly question related to the vertical dykes which are seen particularly in tills disputed territory. " 25 Q. And vou would put them younger than tlie shearing zone? A. Younger than the shearing zone. Q. Did I use the right word for that? A. Yes. Q. Have you noticed a system of terraces on Red ironntain, Mr. King? A. I have noticed on the lower slope of Red Alountain, there is a series of what may be called terraces, or fault terraces, not very far from, I think, the Josie ravine. Q. AVculd you say that they indicate step faulting upon that? A. I would. 30 35 Q. Have^-ou noticed that the plane of the flat fault appears to be coinci- 4Q dent with the faulting plane of those step faults? A. No, sir, quite the con- trary. There are some secondary planes there that might be related. But the ])rimary planes there are, in my opinion, practically with the axis, parallel to tlie axis of Josie gulch, and are steep planes. .«Mipi:e* . tL in pi C!C \t It MO Q. Hiive you niarlc any examination of tlio Nickel Plntc mine? A. I linvc ijot. Q. You do not know whether faulting planes are fo\inil there? A. I (lo not. Q. Do you find this flat fault to be a fissure of considerable extent? A. T do. Q. Nearly as persistent as the veins? A. I liaven't any evidence of its existence west of the great north and south faull, as it is (■ailed, nor east of the south crosscut. Q. You do find it to be persistent fissure in the niiddh- i;rou!id priicticallv, ill dispute in this controversy^ A. I dn. Q. Say along liei'e? A. I do. Q. If you found on further examination that there were faets which would indicate an opening fissure partly filled with mineral, then a subscciucnt lateral pressure of considerable extent causing the ground between to rise and fold until the limits of cohesion were reached and a tireak occurred, would that give the flat fault any more importance in your eves than it possesses now^ A. I don't know that I understand; kindly read tlie question. 10 15 20 s^ Q. (The question was read) \. I do not quite understand the stnte- nient of fact, but so far as I do understand it, it would not give it an\- fiu'ther importance. Q. Is your idea — because T understood this from vour ( videnee — is it your idea that the flat fault is a break created by ,i superincuudient load? .\. 1 do not think I can toll exactly what caused the fissure. ;}0 Q. Could a fiasure like that be caused by an upthrust from below? A. It is quite in harmony with many of what arc known as over thrust faults. „- Q. Yo\i think the veins are older than the faults^ A. Than the flat faults? Q. Older than the vertical? A. Older than most of the verticals— the verticals I have seen. '*^ Q. Well, the sti'ong verticd your have described coming down the incline .-haft cutting north and southwest of incline Xo. 3? A. I do think they are older than tha*. in Q. Do yon think the veins are older tlmn the fault whieh you de^fril.ed in tl,e north drift of No. 3 raise? A. I do. That is a dyke fanlt, or fault in f iiiinections -ndth a dyke. Q. I suppose that means a faultii!- plane i ftcrwards fille.l with intrusive 5 matter. A. No, not this case, wliieh is a double dyke, and the fault is hetween the two. Q. Have you noticed any other faulr further to the cast still near the month of the Iron Mask tunnel? A. I lin,n t,..*. =.f,„i:„j u- ., 10 Q. You never studied that? A. linve not studied anything there. No. Q. If yon found m the workings of the Iron Mask vin or in the veins ir of that vicmity structural conditions which are parallel to tlu" lines of the fault- in- described by the vertical fault, would thit indicate that th.. vein-, were older or younger than the vertical faults? A. That ..ould only be told by their actual compacts. Q. I believe you have found evidence of replaccMnent in the vein matter here? A. I have found evidence that leads me t- luent. to consider them as replace- 20 Q. Naturally, then, if there wore structural conditions crmted by the , vertical fault, would you expect to find those conditions r(-peat(>,l in the niir- ''^^ crnN which replaced the ori.qinal rock? A. Not if, as I believe, the vertical fa>ilt is entirely subsequent to nn.l has had nothing to do with the fillinir of tho'.c veins or the initial deposition of mineral. Q. Then that condition wouhl not l)e consistent with tlic idea of the ' vein being older than the vertical fault? A. Oh, no. Q. These vertical faults occupy planes of considerable utiporliince, do they not, Mr. King ? A. You mean those that are seen here? or Q. Yes. A. One of tl\em is of extreme importance, the great one. Q. And if it cut across the country after the .shear-zone was formed it would natur.ally have considerable effect upon these original fissures in the 40 fhear-zo'ne? Do I make myself plain? A. Yes, I understand. I do not know that it would have any great effect, the mere cutting of the dvke; but ^\hat would happen subsequently, if I may judge— or what has happened sub- ?equently in this case — has had a very great effect on the wliole neighborhood. m w iict in.l sio !)C( M-2 The Court: Do you mean cut off tlio dyke m- ciil l.v tlic il.vki? A. AVlu'ii the dyke has cut those veins. The Court: Ciittinji liy the dyke? A. Vrs cultini;- l.y llic dvko; th" actual cuttinu'. the sectioning liy the dyke itcessional movement and an o]ien tissuve then ^ .\. Xot neces- sarily, not so long as there is any compressive stress. 30 Q. It is possible, Mr. King? A. It is po'^sihle. Q. Even if you had an upliftinii' force there J A. Pardon me a T'.ioment to finisJi my former answer. In any fault or fissure which contains injected melted volcanic matter the forces at the time of injectifm nuist have licen such as to open this, as to leave it open, and no sliding and no compres- sion would affect that. Q Do I understand that opening would he created at the time of the intrusion of the igneous matter, the melted matter? A. Often it would have been kept open until it had had an eruption. 35 40 Iitio 1(1 II imri /on( (litii fore a !in kol /.one tilO I tlw 1 A\-i liei'c lenc ^! i;! Q. If iiiiirlit liiivt' lit'cii ii|)('nc(l lict'drc, linn of t'ornicr fracture. A. It Miii;lit hiivc lii't'ii a Q. And tlicu tiKMV iii'iiilil luivc Keen some (.ihcr force whicli opcii.d it \vM(r. A. Yc-i, l)iit it would Imvc liocn lunin i. vciiical tnivc. 5 {}. X(>co«-aril,v an iipliftinc; force? A. Xcci—arilv an iipliftiiiL;- force 10 open it. You can form a fissure perfectly well l>y the action of fwo opposed, imrizontal forces, but vou cannot form an open fissttre \>v that force. Q. Do not wc find diaurnnis sjiowini;- tliat it cm he (Imii., in i;( olo'ji<'aI liooks? A. I do not remetiihef a diaiii'iuii of tin t -ort. 10 (I Tliat is your opinion, at niiy rate; A. That i- my o|,iiii(ni. Q. Aiid would not that force, even if it weiv an ii|iiil'tiin:' I'orce, l,a\c a jr, compressive action upon the fissures that have alfady Keen created in ti ^llear- /one^ A. It Would not lia\e any ctTcct at nil on Mioin. Q. You catmot say that it wotihi tiot, thouLih; A. It de|ieii(l> upon flic lino of action, and the position of the shear/one. md vaiious (jfher coti- (litioiis. 20 (^. Ilavinu' here a shear-zone tiii'lifly pressin;:' to!;-ether. and the upliffinsx forces sutficient to allow the intrnsioii (d' fhis ii;iieou- matter- - 1 doit't know wheflicr that is flio riiilit word or not A. 'That is the rii^iif word. 25 Q. (Confinited.) 'i'his if;nootis maffer and whicli line may also have been a line of fracture created by some other mo\' 'meui, ilon't vou fliink the tendency 'Aoiild have been to open these other fissures whiidi were created; A. Yery likely not at ail. The directions do not suiiirest any etfecf of opcniui;. The dykes I have seen are approximately to a norfh and soufh direcfioii. The shear- 3q /.one T have setn approximates to an east and wesf direction, f n fraversinu; that tiic only opening etfeet it could possibly have to my iiuud woidd be directly at the points of contact, points of intersection. Q. You have found veins here, Mr. Kinii' (refcrrinu' to the model), in the AVnr Eagle Xo. -JO west drift? A. I did not visit that drift; 1 did not go tliere. Q. Have you been over to station 111 on this higher level? A. I ha\e. Q. Found a ve' ere? A. Yes. what T should take to be the evi- dences of a \'ein, though i did not examine ii carefully; [ went in there casually. 35 40 II Q. And .111 the Froii ^rn>k imi'lli drift? .\. f ki,,,w Q Yc, lM,t 1 want to p.f it „„ ,1,„ ,„.t,.,. ^v. It is siiuplv .•all..,l Im .\lask dnft. till' drit't you mean. ii. W-ll, u„,lu. In.n Mask drift? A. WVIl, f n.„Id not r.wmW . -. to_tl,nt. Ihat .8 from 34 t.. -Is. [ |„,, ,i,i,..,i h,,, ^^.„„.„^ ,,„^. ,,^,_.,,j_^, "'' rNnminiitidii, undcrstMndiiii; tlmt iIk dvko. '"■I'll |"'iiit-i i,( intiT~,.„t. tl„. iitil,. di-ifi westward from that is a vein. 15 Q. And of course yon know of t],c ,iiaiii v,i,i of tl,c ('(•nlrc Star? A. ^^ Yes, linvc easually looked at it. Q. Xow, ,|o yon assini-ii M ,,[ tluvso veins to oi„. u'olo-i,.;,! period? A. 1 do not at all know. I have only niado tJic ni,,st cas„al cN„,iii,,;,,i„, of im^ o" otliors than tho two. ' "^ Q. Will you ])laoo the north and so,it]i limits of the sliear-zo„e in wliici, the Centre Star vein is said to h,^? A. .Vo, hoeaii-,- 1 ,lo „ot know hnt what it may continue a mile heyond here; F do not know. 30 Q. It is a compressive force enttinu' from south to uortl, and f,-om north to south, is it not, Mr. King? OK Mr. Davis: ^^r. Bodwpj] stated in his previous question the north and sontli limits, Mr. Tvini-', and [ tliink yon took it as east and west limits. A. (To !Mr. Bodwell) As yon indicated I thouirht it was meant east and west. 40 Q. I mean the limits in this way, first from where that compressive force l^egins, first expresses itself on that side, on the north side. Do .von assign any l-ir. limit!* to tlint^ A. 1 lia\> im limits Ip<'«iiihc I \n\,f wli.if di'ptli tiu' vein iiiny go. no kin'wlcilifc i\t all ro Q, ITnvc yuii nny n|)itu(>n a* to the limits mi tli<' ■'o\trli M,Ui Dnc^ vour iimwiT niso apply tn flic ■■niiih ^ido? A TIhmt umiiri tliciv nro no rm^* 8 ■iits to fix tlic lioiindiiiif piniii'. Q. Wouldn't it hv (piilc r'nn^i^tfut with ymir r\ idi'ii.'.' that all the vi'i'im \uiiiiii tlic litiiits li\('d liy the imrtii side line (if t|ii. Irmi Mu^k and a lim- sout i (it' tlio (Vntrc Star rnniu vein, were ci'iatid l>y cine dynamif (mvi of nature opcraiini? nt one iiculojjical iHM'iod? A. I limv n., . vidcncc to warrant eithor flio coiipjiisiiiii or tiu) di'nial of tliat. 10 Q. T aslced you, Mr. ivinj;, if tliat •Jtatciauii w.inlu not he i-omistcnt witli I't ihi' evidcnco \vhi< h yon have uivon up to date. A. X. Ixrauso tiio ovidom-o I have givpn up to date docs m.t, r^laic to |ioiiii, wliicli ro distant i'Uoiit{li to limit. (.). lint vow do say thai yon have not found, or thai ■ oii cnunot lie sure 20 tliat you have found the ultininti! wall of the shcar-zoiic ii. which the (.'cntrc Star vein is contained^ A. I do. Q. What arc the physical conditions which Icail vou to the conclusion that or there IS a shcai'-/onc nt tlio exact point where you start the ( 'em ■ "^tar vein down the incline? T take that liniply a^ an illustrative point. \. I dirl not form the conception of a shear-zone at that point; it was a com eption huilt up (). r><:> you take the limits of inclination th.cre and in i mine to lix ;50 tlie scope of your ohiervation ? A. The close observations ai'c limited by the north and south dyke here, the main north and south fault and I ic drift in the i-outh crosscut. „- Q. May I ask jtist what were the physical conditions upi' i which you base your conclusion? A. In the overlyintr companion plane, in this shaft, in the two overlying companion planes, in the end of the south i usscut from the Iron Mask stope, in the bottom level — tiu,' crosscut south from the bottom 40 level, and in the Centre Star winze below 59 drift. Q. Isn't it likely, then, that the same forces which created that would be operating on any mineral which is exposed, say at station 111? A. That \\oukl depend on a great number of conditions \vhicli I do not kiiow. mmm A. 14(; Q. 1 )o you Know of any fact which makes it inipossihlo that fhat condition ,.f ^liings should exist? A. I have not fact, e-iough for a conclusion either Q. If all tiipso ore bodies botwcei: :'n tlic liniiirt I have stated, weiv in one vlicar-zone, wouldn't it he possible to cn them; Imt there may be planes there which the conditiun cf the ilril't prev(>nted me from seeing. (}. Vv. Xing, I am told that th<. planes of that inrllne shaft <'nme uj 20 rrmghly in some way like the shingles on the roof of a house, Imt not with the fame regularity; that they dip in all directions; that they run in all directions, hav(> strike in diflVrent direetions, and that if you assi-ned any ,,ne of them a.' the bounding plane .,f the /.one and folNnved it you would get Over iiere almost at another place? A. AVhoever gave you that informatifm \\a^ n<,t a o-ood 25 oiiscrver. Let me finish that. Whoever irave you that infov,iiati,,ii was not a good observer, because while a very large number of fnclnre planes due to lilnstintr and mining arc in view, and a few conllicting structure planes are also in view, there is overlying parallel to the upper bonndiiiL' ]>lane of the ore a dis- tinct parallel fracture .)r fissure \\hi<'h is the only one that I have included as 30 a ''orrel;iti\e plane. (,). And will you place the distance between the wall which includes the ore, and that correlative plane, at from twn to three feet? .V. I did not nica«ure it; I slio\dd say about that. I did imt measure it. 35 Q. What is the greatest width that you give of the Cenlre Star vein at any point at whi(di you have observed it above the fis.sure point we call the fiat fiult? A. Fourteen feet. But at that point I have not seen any crosscut into the foot couniry to demonstrate whether it might not be wider there. That 40 j)oint, if you desire to know, is the south end of the crosscut front the Iron i\Iask stope. Q. That is about half way up in vertical height to the top of the ground? A. Forty per cent., perhajis. "v t 147 Q. And there are no indioations tliere that the vein is narrowing in Avidth? A. As it goes upward or downward? Q. As it goes upward. So would you expect to find it about the same ^vldth as the surface? A. If the surface were to be cut down and freed from 5 flic oxidized matter and crosscut properly 1 should expect to ilnd those two planes or their produced seqiumce somewhere near the surface. The Court: Is that crosscut Xo. 67? Mr. Davis: That is the brown crosscut. 10 The Court: You ought to distinguish it that «ay then, because I have to read this evidence afterwards. Q. Can yon give me approximately the dip of ti.e Centre Star main vein? ^''^ A. It varies, I should say, from about :5s t(> r.O. Q. That is the Xo. 2 vein you arc speaking of. I mean the vein shown ill the Centre Star main workings, the main vein of the Centre Star. A. Oh, 1 beg your pardon. Ko, I know nothing of that at all. Q. It M'ould be at least 60 degrees if that white upraise sho^vn at number 10 indicates its dip. A. I should think probalily. I know nothing of it. Q. Can you tell me anything about the vein in 157 cast drift, about its dip? A. It is very obscure; I should think, I should fancy aliout 60 degrees. This IS an estimate from meiuorv. I made no uDte. 20 25 Mr. Bodwell: I'hat point is on War Eagle ground. 30 (.}. And the vein in Xo. 30 west drift. A. I never examined it. Q. It appears to be here over 60 degrees according to the white upraise at Xo. 1 raise on that drift. A. I don't know that it is on a vein at all; I have ^^ not been there at all. Q. AVhat you call the Iron Mask vein you do know its dip is GO and over? .\. Sixty and over. It is about an average I should think of 6S so far as I can see. 40 Q. I suppose you don't know the dip of the vein exposed at station 111? A. T do not. 148 Q. Tlie vein at Centre Star north level, Voin- ,tntion r,6. i]„,> vein here taking a midway point? A. It has about r.C Jearccs dip. Q. The vein as sho^vn in the Iron Mask No. 69 east drift is over GO also? A. I should say 68. 5 Q. And also the vein assliown in Iron :Miisk Xo. 1 winze all the way down, the continuation of that vein? A. If I am richt in identifying it, yes, it has al/out that dip. (iravin^: reference to stptidii C,'.\ to To.) 10 Q. Do you know what the o;enern! dip of the main Le Rol vein is, if King? A. I have visited the Le "Roi, hut it was years ago and I have; (lata. It has rather a high dip to the north. r. no Q. And the War Eagle main workings, taking the average dip of the War I'lagle? A. I could not give it. Q. Have you anv reason to think it has a flatter dip tlian the other main veins In this district? A. I coidd not answer. ^^ Q. Then the Centre Star vein in this acti.m iuis a dip of 4.") degrees? A. From 30 to 56 degrees. 25 Q. Would you average the dip at all? A. No, the reason I would not average the dip is that the strike from a little east of 4'.t to 5:5 and onward into the country is not the strike of the vein at Xo. 2 upraise; but represents in my lielief the curve coincident witii the curve of the duterop a> defined westward fi'oni the collar of Centre Star shaft No. 2. 30 Q. While we arc on that point, yon have mentioned curve; if this green drift No. 50 east drift, were continued on its course to a point opposite No. 2 incli'.ie shaft, I suppose you do not know what the distance between the No. 2 and that p)int would be (referring to the large model)? A. (Keferring to "^^ the large map) What is the question now? Q. Supposing you take the green drift as showing the course of the vein, and project that line to a point opposite the No. 2 shaft, say at 56? A. 1 ■„ fhoidd have departed from the course of the drift. Q. Yes, but I say extending the drift in its cnnrse. A. I am doing that (making measuremonts on the large map). !X( tn 111 Q. Xow can you give the distimce hetwcoii the foot of No. 2 incline and the point you have reached? A. They would bo coin(!ident— oli, you say Xo. 2 incline? Q. Yes, how far to the north of the foot of Xo. 2 incline would you 5 he? A. About 10 feet north of .station .".O, or Uj or 17 feet fron» the actual foot of Xo. 2 . Q. You described the ore coining down in Xo. 2 incline, Mr. Kini:. A. 1 did. ' 10 Q. As reaching a point wliere it encoinilered ii pccnliar kind of rock? .V. I did. Q. Am T right in saying that that rock is found up at tiic incline for about ^'"' TO feet^ A. About 70, a little more than TO feet. (■l And the reason you say the vein finds its way througli tiierc! is that going through that rock you find small seams of ore at distances of, say 4 or 5 or S or 10 feet apart. A. Xo such intervals as that. 20 Q. Xot more than 4- or 5 feet apart? A. Xot more than .3 feet. Q. I suppose you pssume that the work on the incline shaft has been 25 done from the top to the bottom, following on-'. A. It followed a vein to the point where it meets— a distinct vein, a well-characterized fissure vein— to a point where it meets the top of this intruded boilv of rock. (>. Tint you .umed that the work on the incline had been done from '"^^ the top to the bottom, did yofi^. A Ilistoricallv I did not know anything about it; I only knew that my examination was that wav. Q. AVould it make any difference in your opinion if you know that tlu; -vork was begun on the north level and continued to this raise for a certain dis- tnnre. then extended on this crosscut for a certain distaiice, until a seam was reached coming down that way, flien the work was continued up to the top of Xo. 1 raise until another seam was encountered cutting off in a southerly direction, and then the crosscut was extended to the south until it met that, and then there was underhand stoping on that work in order to make the connection up the incline. Would that suggest any different ideas to you — the description of work performed in that way? A. It would not create any different opinion in my mind as to the connection of the vein in the upper part of Xo. 2 incline 35 40 J'. (IT. I'u with that displayed in the drift below, provided the exposure of the ore, the vein and bounding wall with its dip and strike was exposed then ms now. Q. But would the obliteration of tl\e existence of tliese several seams 5 ninning in the direction I hiive spoken of in flint N'o. 1 upraise eroiite any differ- ent impression^ I mean to suy the aliseuce of ihe there (indicating on the model). Q. Then can yon bo sure, Mr. King, that the ore which comes down here does not belong to some other vein than tlie vein which is seen up above? A. 1 tliink I can, that is to say, I think tliere is npening enough and work enongb. done to show that there is no other vein which would coiuit from tlu> a])pear- nnce about that point. Q. P>i;t if there are indications here which lead yon in the bottom of Xo. 4 to the conclusion that there may be another vein couiin;r up there, can vou say on which one of these veins the work on the ( 'entre Star incline is done up to a point which corresponds with the top of this fiist upraise? A. T should say ludiesitatingly tiiat it went iipward and corresponded with the .")(! di)) and pla!ie which occupies the level. 25 30 35 Q. And you find this vein in the Xo. 2 incline pinched out to a very small point and practically disappearing above the mud-seam? A. The disappea,'- in ing point of the formal vein, the formal part of the vein, is about 45 or 50 feet above the mud-seam. Q. And then it makes its way through this very tough rock that you describe. A. Yes, sir. immm I.'.l Q. Hut wliiMi it rciiclira tli<< iiMi.l-sfiiM in tln' i Vnfrc Stiir wiii/c. vc.u cliv idvcrcd its niiitiiiMitv U\ plniies iiiidcrncntli tlic iiiml -riiiii. A 1 ilid. ij. WdiiIiI lint urc — woiiM not n viin -in.n^ cnnuuli .unl iicisi^lciit I iicMigii to wMkc its wny thi pli 70 ICct d' ilic dn-, ,,f n„.k \,>\\ .IcsitUhmI in tiir 5 \'o. 2 tiinufl, cut ik rr>ss the iMudscinn in tiic ( 'cntrc St,ir win/.c willi L'l'cii" t'nriM'f A. 1 iliMi't qiiiii' iiti(lcT-tnnii. Q. As I iiniliistiiiii! the cMnditiDiis, a^ you u,, down tin. Crntrr Star winzi' to the top of tlic iniid-'i'iiin von find ii consiilcndilc Imh|,- ot (,!•(•; A. \ t>. 10 Q. WhiMi yon i,',.| ai'nw^ ilir cud of ilic umd-'inu you liii.l vrrv little orr. A. On tlic conti'iifv. I lind tl n- i|uiii> n- -irouv: :i- ii i- idiovc. Q. rndcriicatli the lund-scinu iu the ('mlrr Sin the iiuid-seini in tlif; ( 'enlrc Star wiu/c. A. I'nderneatb ].". Q. I undors'tuod you to sny ycstcnlay tiiai you traccil the coiiliiuiity of that ore thronjrii the n'-d-sonin liy plane-; which you found undcrnc-ith tlic nmd- .,,. scnni coiTcsponilinp; with planes itiiove the niud-s( am. A. That \va> onlv a eorrolativo part of the proof. The main pi'oof is thai tiie ore is uhMilntely eon- tiiiiiou-i aliove and beiov the nind-seani with the cvfcption of tlie uiere line of (nirfncc. '25 Q. And tiie same in tpiantity^ A. I slmidd -ay. if a-ivtliina'. tiiere appears to he more bek)\v than al)ovc. Q. And lyinu' in the snine direction^ .\. I.yini;' so far a- ean lie seen in tlic same direetion. Q. Boundeil l>y tiie same pianos? A. Hounded hy the same jilane.^. 30 Q. Althoufih yon did tinil in tiie iiottoni of that luiid-seain a ii'reat deiil of jointiii!: and planes vnnninp in ditferent diriM'tions' A. 1 found diielly ..e attrition matter ahont, occupying at a maxiinuiii two feet. Q. ITow far down holow the miid-soam did you give this continuity of ore so far as yon liaAC seen it^ Docs it go as far as you see? A. It goes as far fis von can sco; the ahsohite bottom of the winze is in ore. ^q Q. Corrospouding in (piantity, corresponding in di)), eoi'resixinding in sti'ike to the ore above? A. As to the dip, it is dctined l)elo\\ only hy this plane which is its hounding plnno. 1.'2 g, '111. II til, II ore lits ill plniio wlii.h .|., nui ,• .n(-|...ii.l uiili tlic |)lnnn8 vliicii lie iiliMVr IJM' imiil-si'mii^ A. < »n ihr •■iiiiir.nv, il iluc^. (j. 'I'licii il lius a «'nrrcs|H>ii(liin: l„|nu ilu iiiini s.-miii t.. wlmi il \\m iiliovc till' iiiiicl-sciiiii^ A. So t'iir lit the i\ii|i me >;cm's it lint. (i. 'I'liat ('Xt< lids over till wJK.lc ,,|' ijir 111, Mum ,,t' tlif uiii/cj A. I'rm • licnlly over thr wiuijc ,,( ihc imitoin i,l' ilir \\iii/c. Q. Vi.ii tniccil it tli.Ti. iliroimli tin. \v.[y i , ih,. ,,rcf \. | traced it ilii'itufjli tho dyke tn th • ca-st, h'yond the dvkc tu ihc cast. 10 Q. Will yoii sny tliiit y.ni did imt liiid licvuiid tlic dvk<> tn tlio ensf, op licyond tlic first ovideiu'e of ilie dyke to the ciwt a wiiitc colored, nmlialilv siliei- o'ls strncturc of rock pxtendirm; in plaiicM pundlel to tiie tiisf idmies wideii you nee enftt <>( tlie ilykc itl^clt■. A. F si e ii ealciie seam on the wust side of tlio dyke, I soe a littlo enleite un tiie east siilo of tlio dvko. [ 900 oro lieyoiid tilt' dyke and tieyond the seam wliiidi is 'lie easterly liouiidai'y of tluj dyko. Q. Do Von -iiiy that the ore there lies in jih'iies which correspond to tin) pinnes in wiiiidi the ore lies nhove the imid-seiiiii< A 1 -iiy thai the develop- iiirnt done does not permit the tracinir of the oliser\-ed phipcs. Q. Will yoii say that the ore does not lie in planes which eorrespond with ll:e planes of the dyke? A. There is very little openiufi' in wliicdi yon eiui see this ore hoyoml and its struetnro is not perfectly le!.ih|c, hut tliere it is; thero it is, to the oast of the dvke. Q. You will not say that it does not lie in pi incs which oorrespond with ihe plane of the dyke? A. I will say that in 09 out of 100 elements of geological prohahility are in favor of its dip with the Centre Star. 15 20 25 30 Q. Well, Mr. King, ymi cannot give me an answer from yoiir observa- tion at that point? A. 1 can, sir. :J5 Q. Yon can say whether it does or does not? A. T cannot sav wdiether it does or does not, because there is a very sniall amount of work and opening to .„ the east of the dyke. Q. Will you say there is no ore in the bottom of the winze below the iind-seani which does not lie in planes corresponding to the planes of the dvke? A. I will s-xy that both above and below the flat fault there is a widening of tlic pro the tll.T 1 a: llOt fou; no the inis ]k COE Il'OI whi onl-\ Stat t!et\ l-oir 153 tlic ore which takos place a few feet al.ovc tho mud-xinn, aiul tlmt tlinl u-idriiin^' proceeds deeper into tho foot wall— (•diisidcraldy deeper into tl:e t.i.il wall; that; the ore in the bottom of the winze is, ii, ,„y lielief. the severed ''ontinnanco of that ore. Q. AVell, :Mr. Kinp, T do not look upon that as an answer to my question. 1 asked you for this simply, whother you will say tliat there is no ore in the bottom of the winze lying in planes which are paralhd with the planes of the dyke? A. I have seen no ore there whatever that indicates a north and fontli vertical structure; none whatever. Q. Still you have not answered my ([uestion. A. 'Well, T ha >o seen no ore, if y(iu prefer it, which seems to me to coincide in structural I'.nes Adth the dyke. 10 Q. I do not think you have an-^wcrei] my question vet. misunderstand it. A. Then I 15 (.}. Does it lie in planes wluch correspond to the ]ilanes of the dvke? A. 1 liaA'C never seen any; never. 20 Q. You mentioned yesterday, Ih: King, that you trac(>d the ore in the Centre Star north di'ift from station 4S (referring to the model) eastwai'd A. AVestward. Q. Yes, westward, and that that ore, in your opinion, helonged to the 25 Iron Mask vein? A. I did. Q. Do yon know, Mr. King, that that is in opposition to the contention A\hich has been made up to date of this trial on behalf of the Centre Star? A. I heard that only the other day. 30 Q. Tliat that was always claimed to be the Centre Star vein? A. T only learned that the other day. Q. You say that that ore leaves the tunnel, I think, at a point about 35 station -12, does it not? A. A little east of 42 — Oh, no, a little east of 41, between 41 and 42. Q. Leaves the tunnel at the north? The Court: But does it intersect it? A. ^o, it passes out of it. 40 Q. 'Sow, you find ore, don't you, proceeding from that point to\vards the point 39? A.* I do. 154 Q. Do you give any name to tliat ore? A. I do. Q. What do you call it? A. There is a parallel ore body lying to the -iiitli and parallel with the Centre Star, and in my (i])iiuoii, very likelv to hcre- iifter he structurally connected -with it. Q. Then is it po-isihlo that tliorc are fractures hrenkina- hack hehind the Centre Star vein which may ho mineralized? A. At that point there is a par- allel fracture. Q. AVell, if at that point, may there not he also further soutii another fracture plane? A. There may he. 10 Q. And further south still another fracture ]i]ane? A. I .should never form a limit until the country had been thoroughlv cross-cut. 15 Q. Each one reaching the surface? A. Or not, as the case mav he. Q. (ioing below the flat fault or not, as the case mav be? A. Cioing below the flat fault or nor, as the case may be. I sliouhl never, In otiier words, say that any fissure at the s\u-face. ])enetratc(l auytiiiuii at great depth. Q. Mr. King, with all of these veins following in this inunediate neigh- borhood — assuming that I am correct in saying that there are other veins here, and knowing that the Centre Utav vein was formed liy a shearing force, would not the natural tendency be to crack and fissure the rock in various directions, some tissures ])arallel to those shearing zones and >ome at right anales to them in the immediate neighlxudiood? A. That depends entirely upon the character and extent of the stress. There is always a limit to shearing strain; it is sometimes a very far-oif limit. You can never fix that limit until you have the data. 20 Q. Assuming for the purpose of this question, that I have a vein here at the Iron ilask 09 drift caused by a shearing force, that I have another vein 35 out here at station 111, that I have another vein on the Xo. 30 west drift, and .'assuming that they are all formed by shearing stress, is it possible or not that the country betM'een No. 30 west drift and Xo. 69 Iron ]\Iask east drift v/ould be fractured and broken in fissures parallel to the general coarse of those veins? A. It might or it might not. aq Q. I asked you if it was probable? A. I can only say that in my ex- perience shear-zones extend from a mile perhaps in width to 10 feet or ^1 feet or 1 foot in width, but that a shear-zone has somewhere its detiuite limits of min- 1 00 \ iuimI vou reach th" Xo. ') raise, I believe y^n follow the \cin, the ofc, or tiie fi'actuie of the ore, to that point without any trouble; A. 1 do. Q. Then over to the ea.st of that at station A", wouhl that be? A. Xear station I'.l. Q. You find the vein again, or tlif \-cin formation ai;aiu; A. The vein formation aaiain. Q. This is to the north about how many feet; A. Al^ont 10 feet, L should m: Q. About 10 feet to the north? A. Kiyht or ten feet. 30 Q. Did I understand you to say that yon iind the tlat tViult (lis])litce(l iiy that same vertical — on the Iron ^lask tunnel nt or ni'iir station ''X"? A. 1 did. 0. "Well, did vou sav, or did vou mean to -av, th;U that had faulted the ll;U fault to the south about S or 10 feet. A. I did. Q. The vein being older than the fault, would not the faulting on that develop ofF in the north, iMr. King? A. Xo, Aw Q. Would not the movement whicli sent the flat faidt to the somh have 40 sent the vein also to the simth? \. Xot necessarily at all. Q. "Will you kiudlv explain that? A. AVith pleasure. ( Illustrates oti blackboard.) The Hat fault wo will say, descends at tiiat angle (illustrating) \:'i\ which is, \Vf will s:iy, W duiifccs; tliu livm Musk (Ir-criid-. at that aiiulr (iHiis- tii(ting). Tiiis (liagraiii is Miiiposcd t(i iif ii|iuii ihc |ilaiic^ df the fault, iiinl tho laiilt is siipi)Osed to be the plane of the hhifkiioai'd. New, it' tin di>|ilarciiicii', was simply a hofizontal one alinvc this vein, and that vein would he dis|dac('d i I the same sense as it is "ailed, that is, lioth would i;-i) cither iKU'th nv south, .iccoi'dini;' to tin; hoi'i/.oiital iilaue (d' dislocation, hut if on the conti'ai'y. the dis- location was this plane (illusti'atini;), was a vertical one, mi- one ai)pi-oachiii.ti' the vertical, and if the east side rose as reuurils the othei' uue, the section "\"" c distance of the coutiuuatio!) (i| the ore in the Xo. '■'> iiKdine licdow the Ilat faults A. In the hody, as the siiinp body o]ieneil at the Ijottoin i>l the shaft, I i^ave live feit. '^^ Q In vonr examination of the samples, ^Mr. Kini;-, you c< i„,i ,|,iitr < „. i,, ..ontact witli tiir (iykc but at the nearest point. (^ I may luivo misumk-rstood yon, hm I ihou-iit you wciv ivfcrring tu tlic eastward and westward coni'^,' c,f the jnm .Ma>k vr.io? vein: '"i i' widnicd until tiic ore was 2} to 3 feet tliick, and tiicn iiariowcd iii:aii! toward the dvkc. A. Well, T did sny from ])oint Kt'i in lo 3 feet tlii(d<, and tlicn iiaviowcd ai:aii! (). Will y,m compare the dyke at X,,. ;! rai-r with the dyk;' w)ii(di vou liiul at the \o. 3 incline, statiiifr iu what p.aiiis th(y re^'uddc each other and in what points they differ^ A. The intr\ision at No. :; upraise i> n dvkc in i;cn- cral iiaraliel to the compound dyke course from 4.s to 411; it con^i-^ts, where dicwu at tlie ])oint "X," of two distinct 0 feet or 25 feet- the east compounding dyke must be 10 or 12 feet in thickness, the west compounding (iyke a little less; between the two is a mass of country rock, enormotisly altered, very unich crushed and compressed, and marked ly a vertical tissurc. or a verv nearly vertical fissure, Iving between the two dykes, which lis-ure at 47, or at a point very near 47. has dislocated the flat fault. The Court: Xow the last dyke you are describing — just so I will undor- staiul it hereafter — is the dyke to the west of Xo. 3 incline sudi it \v:is imihissiblo for nic to (h'tcrniinc cxat'tlv. (^ Jlow did you give tiie widtli of tiio dyku al X... :! imiinc on Hint Icvfl? A, Taking tli'? whole system < il Yes. A. I HJionid my l'o fwt; but that (.-ousists uIm) of two .'oin- lnundiUf, dykes and (l < 'in you give the width of the intrudiMJ uiaticr^ A. 1 .-lioidd say perhaps 10 or 12 feot. Q. In the aggregate? A. I eaiiuot rfineiulMr exactly. Q. ?fo\v with reference to the outcrop, Mv. iving; did you take th(> direc- tion of the ore shewn in the trench for the lirst (10 feet, sav from tlic Xo, L' in- cline? A. I took no compares-bearing of it, but L saw it:r lohition to tlic otit- ciop beyond. Q. Then it will not lie any use to ask you a- lo dlivdion- and indications of ore along that outcrop with reference to making a M-ctioii or a oiau of it' A. Xo; I could not say Q. You would not have anv information of that kind? A. Xo; I would not have anv information of that kind. lU 15 25 Q. Taking a direction off to tlie south from Xo. _' incline, did you ex- amine the ground with reference to evidence of outcro[) — in this direction, out to the south? A. I did not. I saw one pit that had been opened, I should judge, 40 or 50 feet, practically eastward, from there. Q. Yes, I was going to ask you about that. iJm you did not come otV in this southerly direetion? A. Yes — web thi- direction (indicating). Q. You went to the east and found a i^it? A. I fcMuid a pit. Q. Did you take notice of the direction in which the fracttu'e planes across that pit seemed to nm? A. I did, but they seemed to me to be Aory conflicting. You ai-e perhaps asldng me about another one that is here (indi- cating). Q. Xo, the ons; over in this direction from that incline (indicating)? A. There is one wp here (indicating). .30 35 l.V.t (I Yes. butldid ix.t, nskyouabout tliiuJ A. Tbw wns hciug opened uhfii I saw it and I never paid iimch attonti(.n io it. Q. Von <)i(l not notice tlmt otiwi- pits w.tc Immum- npnu'ij ,\,,^^,^ the liill ht'tei (inilicntinjjfX A. I m\v flicy were working tlit-n', mid requested thnt \Wien iinytliinK interesting was opened up ilmi I sIiohM !„. asked to (too it. Q. And you were not invitonme elen , a, as quartz, Imt in the sense of going to enricli a roek that already !ins tiiiiiie siliea in it to a higher percentage of silica. (J. It has the same chemical element? V. Sauic chemical clement ' AlK'tlv. 10 1.-) 20 Tlie ('ourt: Silica is a thing ditfeient altoueiher? A. Silica is rcallv the ozidiug of the metal silicon, and qtiartz is th(« same thing as silica. The Court: We will take "nr adjoui mucnt now. And thereupon the Court adjoimied to to-morrow morning, at 11 o'clock, April 2Sth. 1899. 30 35 tnt suv: ivii: Hid TE? ■ H DAY. 10 Rossland, P..C., April 2Stli, 1S90. 11 o'clock, a. 111. 15 Trial resumed. 20 Present: The Court and same counsel as befor ore. CLARE?sTCK KIXG— A witness on liclmlf of DctVihlants. 25 Mr. Bodwell: I have no fnrther cross-pxainiiiatimi. KE-DIKECT E.XAMI.VATrON. 30 Bv Mu. Davis — Q. My learned friend asked von some questions, i[r. Kinu-, aliout the at- trition matter in the flat fault at the bottom of the Ceutre Star winze and the ^^ size of it. Upon what does the size of the attrition matter in that naud-seam at iiTiy point depend? A. Do you mean the mass of it, or the si?,c of the par- ticles? Q. The mass of it? A. It depends upon the original roufrhness of the 40 surface planes of the fault. Mr. Bodwell: This was ali-eady gone into in examination in chief of Mr. ung. Kil Mr. Davis: Xo, wlmt the size „{ tlic attriii-.', mass doix-udcd upon wiis not gone into at all. My learned fiieiid staiTcd to M>k about it and then said to Ml'. King, "I will come to this later on,"' Init 1 notieed he did not coine. Mr. Bodwcil: :\lr. King in his examination iu chief said tlie attrition mass was eaused by tlio scraping of one edge of tiie tis-ure a-ainst tiie other. Tliat was brought out hy my friend hiinself. ■^1-. Davis: Tiiat is not tlie ([uestion I am asking at all. :Mr. Bodwell: And the size of it was gi\eu in delinite feet an.l inches at liiat ])articrilar ]ioint. ;Mr. Davis: ]'-xaotiy, but tlurt is not t' e (luestion 1 am asking. I am ask- ing this question: upon what does the size of the attrilion mass in the mud-seara depend. ill'. Bodwell: I am unable to see the distinction. The Court: Well, Mr. liodwell, ymi can cmss-examine him u|)on it. I (!<] not recollect about it ex; My. A. It depends simply on the scale of the rmigliness, the size of the in- equalities of the surface of the fault. In any place whore these inequalities arc extremely slisht the amount of attrition matter will l)e corrcspondinglv small. Wherever the original roughness of the lissnre ])lanc is considerahh^, there naturally, bv the differential movement the attritidii ma>s will be larger. Q. You tfdd my learned friend that the doing ui the work for which leave ■was applied the other day — that is, the sinking of the winze to the Iron ^lask cast drift GO — would only add 1." feet of additional evidence U> the evidence wliieli is already in and shewn by the workings. AVotdd the impurtance of that 15 feet be the same or different from the evidence which you have above ^ A. It would be very different; it woidd be much more impin'tant evidence, since it would finally answer the question whether thi^ vein with its ore extended (lircctlv and continuouslv below the tlat faidt. 10 15 20 25 .30 Q. That is the question of continuity at that puint^ A. The question of continuitv at that point. Q. Jf in doing that work you found ore between the present bottom of tiie winze and the Iron ilask east drift G!), to what and to what alone would that ore be attributable? 35 40 "Mr. Bodwell: I think that very question was asked in examination iti chief. And certainly that point was most clearly gone int(j by Mr. King. The !(;•' nWioIc of liis evidonce in c-liicf— that is, that part r,f his cvidciico— was directed lo that point, to sliow tliat if tliat work wnv .M.iitinucd the (ire would be tho siiiic oiv as foiuid alio\o. I cniss-cxamiiiod upon it, and I do not tliiiiic tliat my Iricnil is entitled to go over this sanio i^Tonnd au'ain i.y way of rc-cxainination. Mr. Davis: In order to avoid any iiucstion .,!' I his kiml arising tho evi- (lonoe is very voluininoiis and my IcariU'd friend and iny-clf pcrhaiis would dif- fer as to what was gone over hoforo and what was Mut^the ordinarv r\df, I iin- ilerstand, is this: I could take .\[r. King out, and then I im.uIiI ree.dl him and ask him with your Lordsliij/s iKTinissitm (mdcss iluav was some reason to sn- pept the witness or counsel) and leave would Ih> y'iven to ask the iiuesiiuns. My learned friend would have the riiiht, if there was anyihini; new, to eros.-.-exani- ine upon it. and so far as tint is concerned [ will not ohjeet to il whi'ther [ think it is new' or not. The ( "otirt: I do not recollect it verv well, i[r. Bodwell: there is too mucli evidence for me to recollect. You better ask the question and Mr. IJodwell can then cross-examine. Q. (Tlie question was read.) A. The downward eontinuanee of the Centre Star ore body as sliewn in the Xo. ;> incline, the .">!) east ilrift and the winze therefrom. Q. To what extent, if any, can the nnid-seaiii lie the ca^se of more fn this immediate neighborhood? A. The flat fault is essentiall .• a non-orediearini;; fissure, and it could have no effect in my mind to the best of mv belief in do- [lositing the ore at or near its intersection with any fissure or other vein except in the case of a secondary deposition from a solution which mav have been brought down its phine. The ('o\irt: Wouhl there not be a wash of vein matter? A. Tliere ;m"ght be a small wash from any part of the dip above. Q. I wis-h to reail you some paragraphs from the atTldavit of Mi\ Ffowe and ask you wliat you have to say witli reference U\ that. 1 am referring to page 84 of the A])peal book, which is printed, paraiiraph i'. Mr. Bodwell: ]!efore you read that, T should like to know \\here theie is any authority for tills kind of exanunation at |)resent. Air. Ilowe has not been put in the box so far. His affidavit is not in this case, .md how my friend can say The Court: I quite agree with you. 1 would like some reason for it, be- cause that is not evidence before a court at all so far. 10 15 20 30 40 nbl( Mr. Davis: T will put it in a little different wav, which is not objectioii- , assnmin"- that to be. 15 20 103 Q. If anyone makrs the following statement with reference to the condi- tion ot affairs at the bottom of the mud-seam, what have you to say with refer- ence to it? Ih. Bodwell : I think my friend ought to give your Lordship an authority 5 for a ([Uf'stion of this kind. ;Mr. Davis: I wisli to ask tliis ([uei^tion and then tako a note of it. I vnW ii?k to have the question read. Q. CrUc first question objected to was here read.) 10 The Court: I have ruled that q\iestion out, because the evidence of Mr. Howe is not before the Court. Mr. Davis: Will you read the next quef-tiou I asked? (The second question objected to was here read.) I'lie Court: I rule that question out on the ground that it is putting a :"ippositious case. Mr. Davis: I did not quite complete that question. I would like to put it on the record in full. Q. If anyo!ie makes the following statement with referf^nce to tlie condi- tion of affairs nt the bottom of the mud-seam, what have you to say with refer- ence to it? The statement being this: "The ore seen in the flat fault is not con- nected with, or a part of the ore that is seen in the winze above the ilat fault, and is not in place, but nms with the flat fault and in a course about at right /ingles to the alleged dip of the Centre Star vein No. 2." The Court: OveiTuled, on the ground that the question is a supposititious loie, and not pertinent to the issues. ]\lr. Davis: I now put a further quesiion; I wish to put these questions, your Lordship, to save the point. Q. I wish to read paragraph i of Mr. Howe's attidavit of tiie 4th of ,) aly, 1898, as filed in this case, and ask you what you have to say with reference to it, !Mr. King. The Court: That is ruled out, the evidence not being before the Court. ^h. Davis: The question is this: Q. If ifr. Howe, or anyone else, makes the following statement vnth. reference tr> the coTulitimi of matters at the bottom of the Centre Star winze, 25 30 35 40 •^mmmmmmsmmmtx 104 what have you to say about it, the statement being this: "Tho winze has not jiassed entirely through this flat fault and the bottom of the same is still in the fault material. The ore at the east end of the winze i^s also eut off by a north and south vertioal fa\ilt." 5 The Court: That is iiiled out as bciiiii' a supposititious case, the evidence not being before the court now, perhaps m vor may be. Mr. Davis: The next question is this: Q. I Ansh to read paragraphs 5, (J and 7 of the adidavit of Cr. F. Kellogg lilcd in tliis case and dated in July, 1898, and ask you what you have to say as to them? The Court: That question is ruled out on the ground that it is evidence not before the court. ^Ir. Davis: The next question is this: 16 Q. If ^[r. Kr^.logg or anyone, makes the following statement with refer- ence to the condition of affairs at the bottom of the Centre Star winze, wha: have jon to say about it, the statement being this: "The same conditions of rock and ore are found to exist in the bottom of said winze sunk by tlift defend- ants, as in the bottom of said incline shaft and in said drift last referred to. In 20 the said win. '.e of the defendants the ore was cut off sliarp and clean and between ,1 layer of raud lies the fractured country mck. In tlio fracture planes of the country rock formins.the body of the said flat fault there are some disconnt'<'t(>d pieces of ore, but the same do not lie in anv vein and are not of any couunerciai value. 25 "Par. 6. From my different examinntions of the said winze aiul of the whole workings of the defendants in the Iron Mask mineral claim, I am clearly of the opinion that the ore followed by the defendants in said winze is perman- ently cut off by the said flat fault and does not continue beyond the same. 39 "Par. 7. The ore in the bottom of the said winze is also cut off to the east by a vertical fault which is shewn in the east end of said winze." The Court: That question is ruled otit upon the same ground. gg Q. Now, Mr. King in your e-videncc in chief, you made use of the word "jump" in connection with the ore passing from one side of the vein to the other. Will you kindly explain what you meant by the word "jump"? A. If I remember correctly the question .-. Q. I think you said from one plane lo the other. A. I did. 11 H iillc- liV rllr II shoni'-zoiK' ilaiic .hIk'Iii'- iniu[). ('I'll'' ic.r. Mr. Bodwell: But it was not with n'f.TetR.e t., tliis mine at nil. A. No, I was .ponking of aiiotli.M- uwu: I was .peaking of u n.inr of wl,i..li 1 an, th. (iiii'ctin','' mining cnuinr. rini; in ( 'olun,!,,. Whirl vfin, and in which the mr pns-scs ti'oni zone to niiothcr, and 1 will ilhi'^fralc whai I nnim witnCH-. goes to tl... l.h.ckhoar.i.) Tiiis .vpn- nts I ho hori/ontid s.vtion on l],o lowor country of the Noili.. mine; of the paralhl tlssn.vs ,.f the .shoar-/...no v.-iu. The oro orijrinally comes in ui-o,, rho t,,.,f wail ar, tli,. |,,w...t and most westward li-nres, the ore hein- represente.l l,v lii,. mark- I am makinir. Aft.r ri^in- to a certain point it cro.^se^ tiiro,i-h a hreak in this Ion-, thin plate which runs l,e- rween No. 1 ami Xo. 2 fissures, and follows a cross-tissure uvrv to li<.ure N'.. -Z, and then follows along fissure No. l'. a-ain crosses through a fissure minerali/..d all the way, and so on. The term "jump" as I used it is a mimTs' frm, sinij,lv iiidicatiig that it parses from otu; fissure to the oilier. Tt passes through a cros.s- h^.ak which doe.- not enter ihe conntry rock on oil her side, l.nt whhdris a nu>ro dependent fracture within the limits of fhc vein, ane the limitations of the shear-zone vein as distinguished from the geological shear-zone? A. The lateral limit- ation of mineralization. 40 160 Q. You have bet-n in tlic \ feet north of th' ( i ntre - 'u- vein in the bronst of tlint cni^^-cnt is the hi-t IhiuimI- intj' phinc of ti ' siM^ar-yoii as shewn anywhere. (}. And wl: n you iV '"shear-zone" there, yon arc speakinjr — A. I aiM speakinii' of tie inarzone vein. Q. And do yon find any e\idenee that the shear-zone it«elf, apart from llie shear zone vein itself, extends^ .V. .Vmic whatever. Q. Have yon l>e(>ii throiii;ii tiie ( 'eiitre Star <'ross-enl from the Xo. 1 tnii- ncl to No. 2 tunnel, that is, the yellow eross-eiil^ .\. On a very early visit, 1 thiid< the first visit I made here, or possiiily the - nd: 1 came thronah tln're v'ithont exmnininu,', 3ini|dy to get out of tiie mine fiMin Mimther part; hnt on two occasions T have actnally i xamined that ern-s-cnt f(> feet looking; to sec if there were aiiv mure ext.'rior parallel plane- \\liieh coulil he fairly rpinted to tho Centre Star shear-zone \cin, luid I funnd nunc. Q. ^'on found nom"* A. I found none. (^. What inference would you draw from that so far as the position of the foot wall of the shear-zone is concerned? ,\. That it lay uholly to the north of that drift. Q. When you spoke about secondary pyrrhotite in answer to my learned friend the oilier day, what, exactly, do you mean by the term secondary pyn-- liotiteJ A, T mean pyrrhotite — "aeeondnry ]iyrrliotitc"'? (). Secotidary pyrrhotite. A. Pyrrhotite as J have seen it is of un- (lonbtedly profoiuid orifiin, is broucht up liy solutions and deposited in rocks and in vrins. What 1 would mean bv secondary pyrrhotite would be the solution of that original primary pyrrhotite. its transportation and deposition some- who?e else. 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Mr. Davis: There are a number of places in the evidence, my Lord, which Wi' find incorrect, but the stenographers arc cheeking the report by the other reports which they have, and for that reason I will not refer to them now, be- I'nuse they may all be corrected when tlic cnpv is giver, v.^; finally corrected. 1 nipri v.lii( 1)0 d tlie a that f'lun that ;is ai: thent ondai dnptl tii^'ii I 167 merely mention it so that it will not be supposed tli;U we aiv mlopting tlio report which has been given iis as al.solut(>ly oorroet. There are a nuiiiher of errors. .-nine of them of some impovtai lee. The Court: That can be set ri^rht by counsel (m both side-. There are, no doubt, mistakes made. RE-CROSS EXA.MIXATION. By Mk. Bodwei.i. — 10 15 Q. All mineral U secondary in the sense in wliich you ha\e just defined the secondary formation of pyrrhotite? A. I was limiting the desoription on that account. Q. It has to be transported from some placed A. Yes. Q. It existed some place else before? A. Yes. Q. Do you or do you not know of instances in which pyrrhotite has been found in crystalline rocks as a ]iart of the original constituents? A. 1 do; rhat is to say, from scientific description, not from personal ol)servation. Q. It has been referred to as an eruptive part? A. As eruptive rocks, ^^ as an eruptive part. Q. And instances have been reported? A. And are well known; au- tlienticated. But will you allow me to explain that? Q. Yes. A. T tried to define the use I made of "primary'' and "sec- ondary," that perhaps it would be as well to say if it has been in-ought from the depth by solution and deposited, my use of secondary would not mean its solu- tion and transportation thereafter. 25 ins Q. Mnv I ask you this al.c? Tn so,„e „f ^r,.. Knuuons' writings he has referred 1., the Leadvillc chstr.et, and has .ho.u that notu-ithstandinj all the secretion that has taken place there still about four per cent, of the representu- tive rock is mineralized? A. Yes. Q. What kind of rockis it at Leafiville^ \ Ti,nf ; i ^ ■-.<-. I'.MiiL. X, i.liat IS a gray porphyry. Q. I suppose you would class limestone as sedimentary; A. Yes, sir. Q How far out in that eross-cui mnnol did you a-^ Did von walk all the wav out ? A. Only as a means of exit; I never exaniine.l it beyond 50 feet. 10 Q. You haven't any notes then, siiewin.o. th^. number of planes that vou fonnd there? A. 1 found no pla.ie parallel with the Centre Star. Q. Did you find any plan.^s which you think would correspond with the planes of ^he so-called flat fault? A. Xo, sir; |. did not. 15 Q. You did not look for them specially. I suppose? A. T did not look for them specially, but I saw the general shattering of that rock The Court: Do both of those tunnels open out into a ffiilch? Mr. Da^ns: Yes, my Lord, both Xo. 1 and Xo. 2. The Court: Do T understand you to say, :\rr. King, that the Centre Star vein Xo. 2 is a sliear-zone vein? A. Yes. The Court: With defined walls, hanging and foot? A. AVith correla- tive walls, with a series of parallel fractures, the exterior ones of which I con- ^i(ler to be the walls. The Conit: And without knowing where these exterior ones are in some cases? A. Because the work would not pcrniit the seeing of the foo: wall country. The Court: These are what are sometimes called the superior walls? A. The inferior walls in that foot country. The superior and inferior walls, yes. The Court: The inner walls are the inferior and the superior tlio outside Avails? A. Xo, I would confine the use of inferior to the foot wall. 20 25 30 35 ton. a mi ves. State 169 TWELFTH DAY. r.ossland, B. C, May 1st, 1899. 10:30 o'clock a. m. Trial resumed. Present: The Court and the same counsel as before. Waldemar Lindgren — Sworn on behalf of the defendants : 10 DIRECT KXAMINATIOX. Bv Me. Davis — 15 Q. You live where, Mr. Lindgren? A. I live in the City of Washing- ton, District of Columbia. Q. What is your business or professi'M ? A. !My profession is that of 20 a mining engineer. I am a geologist in the I'uited States Greologiciii ;-'.'rvey. Q. You were born in Sweden, I believe? A. I was born in Sweden ves. The Court: Geologist in the United States Survey? A. In the United States Geological Survey. There are several other surveys, your Lordship. Q, I believe you are also at the present time professor of mining geology AVe 10 170 ill tl.o Lelaiid Stanford University of California? A. Yo, T liold that .'ippointmeut. ' ii. WJiere did you receive yo.tr seietitifie education? A My techni- cal education was begun ,u.d finished in Freiburg, Genuany, in the Minin^c. [school 01 rreiburg. Q. TIow many years did you .pend tliere? A. I came there in 1878 iind I left thei'c five years later, in 1883, after liaving taken the degree of mining engineer and also the special degree of mining «iirvevor. Q. You came then, I believe, to the T'nited States? A. I did. (}. What were you engaged in when you came first, and wliere? A. During the first eight months I was engaged by the Northern Pacific, which A>as then building its road, to prospect coal lands in Eastern ilontana chiefly. 15 I was engaged in that until .January or February, 1SS4. Q. And you then went where? A. I then went to Montana and held the position of assayer and chemist at the Gregory Smelting Works, near Helena, for about eiaht months I think. 20 Q. And when did you enter the United States Geological Survey? A, 1 was appointed assistant geologist of the United States Geological Survey, I think, in December, 1884, and I was stationed in San Francisco for the first few vcars. 25 Q. What is your position in the Survey now? A. My position is that of a geologist. 1 have been continually employed by the T'nited States Geolo- gical Survey since that time. Q. Wliat brancli of the United States Geological Survey have vou been 30 more especially connected with? A. With mining geoh;,/ exclusively, and more especially the vein geology. Q. Chitsidc of the L'nitcd States in what countries have you examined ijiinos? A. 1 have examined mines in Sweden and Norway and Gi'rmany 35 ipiite extensively, and Austria and the United States, and to' some extent in ilcxieo. A. Practically all of the Q. In what states in the United States? A\'estern states, except Colorado and Utah. Q. I believe there are certain disputes respecting mining lards which have to be settled by your department, the Geological Department. Is that correct? A. Yes, very often, or sometimes, requests for experts come to the Tlnited States Geological Survey in case of lawsuits of the government agninst— I 40 St;i 171 hliciild siiy disputes of the Department t of A])ril. 1 eanie here on tlic Jilst of .^^arl•h, and 1 immediately liepni. I tinnk on tlie followint: • lay. (.i. You liave Keen eontinuoti~ly at work -iiice that time? A. I have lieen continuously at work in this vieinity ? A. (Heferring to the nia])). I have examined it from a jioint a short distance v,-est of Xo. n shaft to Xo. i' shaft and from there on to -ome di *anee (sHr. Tiie Court: Tiiat is, examined the eropi)ings? A. I'lxamineil the eropiiings. (^V AVIiat kind of cropjiiim-s or apex do you lind that to lip 'Sir. Lindgren? A. 1 lind along that eroi)ping a praefically eontinuoii-. -treak, sometimes two piUiillel streaks of solid sulphides, and I have followed that — it is continuous, practically continuous from shaft to shaft except for the slmrt interruption of liie railroad tnck. Besides that, I find a mimher of planes di|iping in at an anu'le ef, 1 should say, from -35 to tlO degrees, generally [."p de^i'ees along those crop- pings. I have examined it more espt'cially where the railroad cuts the crop- pings, at -whicli place the cut otfers very goml op|iortmiities for looking into the i-aiiie. Q. What do you find tliere? .V. f find a streak of suliti jiyrrhotite, a little clialcopyritc, of about a fo(jt in thickness. Above that are two or tliree walls separated by country rock, perhaps a f 'ot or a foot and a half apart, giving it a distance in the banging from this one foot streak of ahoiit ;! or 4 feet, 1 should say. Q. Tliree or four feet of what A. Three or four feet of country rock sep- i^v ited by two and three planes dipping b") degrees north. On the south from this solid streak I find sonie altered country rock for about two or three feet, that is, going south towards the foot, in the foot re;iil\'. The Court: Is all this in the railroad cut? A. At the railroad cut, yes. T simply mention it because it shows really better there than any other place .dung the croppings. Then there are a few inclies of solid sulphidts again 10 15 2U ;_](> .J)0 40 L I I w 172 (l W'licn ymi miiv -iilpliidi-. what i|<. \ .n infuii, Mr. Liiwlfii'vu; A. In this cnsn 1 inoiiii cliiilcopvriti uinl |iyiT!i(ilitr. Tlnwc Ipcinjj' tlic onl' primary ■ iilphidi'S of Impoitiiiicc -vliii'li ncciir lure. (>!' ciiinsr, tlicrc is al-u arsriiitd Milpliiilc and otlici'iJ. Thcrp is nUu ;it tliis point ahout tlircc t'cet in the t'not troin tiic streak- wliicli is nne fnoi tliick, a« F nn'iitiimfd tir>l — anotlicr streak of solid 5 >idi)liitle, and clialcopyritc two di ilirce in. lies tlrnk. And aoin;;' in the f.M.t of tlial again you tind twi. ..r ilim- wulU several frei ilisiant — perhap- two and three, the tir«t one ahonf. tliree feet distant from ilii- x'l'.md siaiu, and tlie la-t i.iii'S perhaps five or six feet; so that you liave imly exposed a widtli of, 1 slioiiM Miy. perhaps 12 or ^'■'> feet of roek wliirli i- peiieii-ited liv ii nimdier of these -hear- 10 planes, walls dipp ,_ north; and two -freak- ol -olid -iilphidow. (^. Is there any question as to that outeroppiim heiim the apex of a in? A. Xo, sir, there is not. The whole apex form- in al.solntelv eli,ii'aeterir cuimtitiit- A. Vcs [ Q. h ,t a vory rar.. vein .„• a muun.u v.\n, „r wl.ut^ V Su it is . v. h.s tai<..„ pla..e, thov.no,,. walla Ktri,,,.!,.. .,.,.1. ,„l.., |,„v.. ,u,„h,....,| ,. ,„. l..s uu.n ^pMce^ which o,,,.,. spacfR havr !,(...„ s„l,M.,|,„.ntly t | i„ |,v ,,.;„ ,„at..,-ial o>vs an.l ... un. f„n,.n,o- a tilli„K '■ntireiy .h-Min-l fn„„ ,|„. wmIi's ,mhI sIuum.Iv imi- 15 Mr.,1 (r.m, th..,n. 'Ih. walls iu tin. ca.se a,v si,i,piv nu.lwvM n.c.k. Tl.i. tv,.,. ..t a VC..1 ,s a v.ry ra.r ,„.,. s., fa,- us u,y ..x,u..-i,.n,.c n„..s, ..vn, i„ snci, places The ('()„rt: These sheai'/oiie veln-^ (•impio vein. A. \o. this tv|ii', tills single o 20 iho Court: Tins that y„u a.v ju-t speakiu;.^ of? A. That T was just speak.up ot; it is a very rare type. It is ,.,nel, ,„o,v eo,,,,,,,., ,„ ti,„| two ov tliree wal s euelos.uK a -pace of say, in three, four or six feet hetwee,. fluvse v.a Is; au.l l.etween tlie li.nit of the e.ste.-ior of those walls vo,, will tin.l the o.v toNow,,,^ dowa, someti.nos aloup; the foot wall, then pinehinn- out there, perhaps and hy a cro^.s sonm traversing to another parallel pla,„. a foot or so ai-ai't and ;li.n continuing it on that. That is reallv the ,„ost eo.uu.ou tvpo of fissure veins. The (>mrt: Let na ask: is tho.r a>,y ore „,atter geuerallv speakin..-^ ^ ou ai^o .•ofer.'ing now to this typo of vei„-i. ,h,.re a„v ore .natter or is there always ore matter between the s.-v-nd planes; A. It varies. But it is p,.,- I"- to make a distinction hetween solid or.-, solid sulphi.les, and ore on one liand, and later v-iu matter on the other han.l; that is, i„ the ease of these veins. The .listance hetwe.n the walls is n.'ai-ly always tilled with or,,,tlv altere.l m,-]- pac'ally altered rock n.incali/ed. I'.nt hesides this g..n..,.al ■,nin..,'alixatio,i there 18 a more intense minoi-alizatiou whi minerals arc cpiart/,, calcite, pvrrhotite, chalcopyrite and a certain kind of a lirown mica. The:>e may occur altoacther. or each mineral l)y itself, and their appearance gives to the country rock that a>iiect when it is usually termed vein matter. This vein matter usually Hlls the space lictween the walls. I should say that besid(>s these miiuM'als I mentioiu-d i,, there is also finely divided chalcopyrite and pyrrliotit( — I don't know whether 1 mentioned that — sprinkled in the rock. .\nd tliis v( in matter fills tlie space between the walls, and is as a nUe characteristic of the vein. That is to say, cutside of the walls you do not find very much of it, althotiirh vou may find finely divided sulphides ocoasionally. (Inr 175 Q. AVhat is tho process by which tlie country rock is chan-od callecP \ oil rnayjiist describe it? A. The process is .aUed replaconiont. It is changed, it IS evidently caused by the introduction of solutions bearing different minerals gold, copper, iron and a great many other salts. This solution evi.lentlv acted on the country rock iutr(,ducing some min.'rals and forming others from the 5 constituents «hich were already there In fact more or less complotc.lv chang- ing the whole aspect and composition of tlie rock. In favorable places the change to pyrrhotite and chalropyrite went „n m„r,. intenselv. The minerals of the country rock were more or less .•ompletclv rcplaccl bv thr.s,- minerals- tivir substance was dissol-cd out-loach<.d out. you might sav-and instead of 10 WW original substance, the chalcopyrito and pyrrhotite were deposited. The Court: The vein was deposited > A. The vein was deposited. Q. In place of the others .,V. Yes, in place of the other. These places 15 20 where complete replacement has prevailed are very generally cpiite irregular, depending on a number of factors, so that usually "you will iind the masses of pyrrhotite and cbalcopyrite to have no n-ular ,.uilin'e. >,,metimcs stopping quite Middenly again fading out gradually into the country rock. Q. I understand a piece „i pctrific.i v,-,,od is an ideal ..xami)b; of rejdace- inem. Is that corrects A. Ye., it is. Of course, it is not of the same char- acter as replacement in the rock. Imi ir conveys the id(>a very nicely. In that, the substance of the wood is carried away, the structure is largely retained, but tlic silica replaces the fibre of the wood. 25 Q. 'What is the dilference between repiaccipcnt and im|)regnation of the veins; A. Impregnation is usually empbyed to sigrity a tilliuii' of ndnute pores in the rock. Sandstone, which is a porous rock, might be tilled by cinna- bar, such as happens at Xew Idria. This impregnation took place in the case of the Centre Star vein also to a certain extent probably; it probably alwavs takes 30 place, but it is subordinate to the main process of n^plac-nicnt which I have already outlined. I would also like to say that a third ]n-ocess is filling; that is to say, the accumulation of metallic and other minerals, along in open spaces vhich were formed during the shearing at lion which produced the fissures. Siudi minerals as accumulate along open fissures by filling are evidently not 35 very common in the case of-- you are referriuir to Centre St;ir \o. L'? Q. In the case of Centre Star Xo. 2 vein ? A. In the case of Centre Star Xo. 2 vein they might have existed to some extent; that is to say, there may have been cracks an eighth or a (piarter or perhaps half an inch thick 40 which were filled; but as a whole the process is one of replacement. The Court: "W'hat produced this shearing process? A, What will pro- duce the .shearing planes? of g pini In i A. groi ctrti then v;lia vein is, li en til staiii espei grea 2 ve in n i-- na( the 1 body likel; Wiiy tutio alau| 176 The Court: Yes. A. A compressive strens acting on a certain hlock of ground, on a certa.n mass of ..oek, generally pvoduces ont or n.ore e d^t pmg a a certam angle, and which fov.us either a sin^.-k. .ein or a Jhoar-.one The Court: Ion mean the tissure really fonns iVo.n the compression? A. From the con.pression yes. The co,np,essi,.n acts on a crfain hh.k of ground and as the residt of that the particles will .lide over each other alon. . 10 certain p ane or a number of planes, and that is what causes the ti.u.e widch then IS afterwards hlled by solutions. v.hat^ A. Leplacen.ent wln<.h ,s a proc... .hi..!, ncarlv alwavs accomparies 15 veins. It IS very rare to find a vein without s,„ne evhhmce of replacement. " It IS however, more or less common. I have .een certain vnus whi.h ^vcre nea.lv entirely formed by that process. I have seen so„,e ar Meadow J,ake, for in- stance in California; I have seen others at Wood lliver in Idaho; i would especially mention one mine there which is called ( 'reoHnss ,uine be,..n,.e of its 20 great similarity in structure and ores with thi< occnnvnce. Q. AVith this present Centre Star Xo. -' vciii^ A. Yes, _Q. Bid you find much of what tluy call selvagv i„ this Centre Star Vo 25 2 vein; A. jSTo, very little. ^ ' _ Q. What is the .^^•planalion of ,hat; A. 1, i. not common to tin.l selvatre m replacement veins, simply because the selvage is produced bv-tl,.. selva'o-e IS more !ommon m fissure ^-eins having open sjiaccs. ' '"' The Court: Contact veins? A. Yes, n.ight say contact veins, i„ which the material has accumulated, and after accumulation has form.>d a solid m.'fd body on the walls. In the case of replacement veins the selvage is much more likely to be absent, because the solutions eat in the rock from the planes both 35 way. and cause a gradual fading out rather than an abrupt change in eonsti- tution. Q. By selvage is real3.y meant placed in? A. Placed in, following along the vein, filled, yes. 40 Q. Caused by attritio,.. ' A. Caused by attrition, yes. TheCoiu-t: Y'ou speak ...: replacement. What does it replace? A. The ore? replace the minerals of the country rock. orth( Men. itig I T):at liV O tltlol (itllt-l with prefc Lin.l (HI tl incli. Ptroa 1111(1 ■ colhll ill, o1 llu-so inclie ■ ulpli siilpli ciLse, 177 Q. What arc tlwy In this oase^ A. •LIk.v are feldspars, plagi.jcluae, orthfielase; tliose are the feklspars. I'luv arc aii-ii.. and to some extent horn- l,U'n(h'. Tliose minerals are dis.- \wk n^sxin. Mr. Davis: That is not the meauino' here. I'ossiMy the word "substitn- tition" would be nearer. What happens here is, one body is taken out and an- other put in its place, substituted for it. The Witness: Substitution is u word that is very much used in connection with that same process; some authors prefer the word replacement and some prefer substitution. 10 15 Q. How mucdi of an examination have you maile of the Xo. 2 sliaft. Mr. J.indgren? A. I have exandned it veiy carefully at ditl'erent times, I think on three occasions from top to bottom, on botli side^. 20 inch. Q. How closely? A. I have examined it, you might say, inch for Q. Do you hud luiy vein tlieic^ A. 1 d". 05 Q. What are your reasons for sayinii' that? A. I find a continuous streak of solid sulphides beginninn; at the toji and Q. Only go down at the present time to the mnd-eam, ^h: Liiulirren, iiiid take it from that .m afterwards^ A. Practically coiuiituotis from the cdjlar to the mud-seam, with the exception (,f jdaces where drift- have been cut ill. of course. (i. With tiie exception of what; A. Where drifts have been cut. Q. That mendy uieans A. ( 'oiitiniiou-. ye<. .Vnd the width of these solid sulphides prat'tically ramies innw two or tliree feet down to a few inches. I should say that it wotild average perhaps li;; inches of practically solid ■ull(hi^ also ii similar senni iudientinir its lower limit. Q. That is llie ore liodv^ A. The ore IhmIv. ii. Of tile suli.hides^ A. Yes. Q. You may state wjiat nro the coiiipoMciits parts ,,f tlie.e sul|.hides you -peak of, that is. ehaleopyrite ami pyrriiotite; A. The pyrrhotite consists of inai and snlplmr; ehaleopyrite consists of copper, iron and sulphur. (^ Saw, I interrupted you. Yon weiv jn.t statinii that yon Hnd these aalls ,,r streaks, whatever yon call them, aliove and heh.w the ore l.odv. and uere -.,ino. o„ ,vith ■tiling eU<'. A. Yv:<. Two or t hive feet aho've t he upjier limit of the ore hody there is a well-deliiied «all. M,ii„.tiii„s hrokeii into ly the miners in wwjrkinji' in siid very well detine.l in a lupiil.er of places. I took its strike and di|i. The Court. What is well-detineil. A. The wall and upper wall in the roof of the incline. Q. What did you find the strike and dip of that wall to l,c^ A. I found it to he very nearly north S.^i cast. 1 tiiink from the averai;v defernnna- tiens; and the dip rant;vs from ;i8 to 48 or 45. Q. Speakiiifi' of ilitferenf strike- of vein-, are tiny iinilnriii in aiiv vein;' A. Xo. In fact, nature never folh.ws niatheniatical plane- and a vein is -oiii(>- times a quite irreg'ular plane, ehaniiin{>' in dip ipiite con-^idd'ahle at ditVerent I'ortions of its extent; it also chanii'cs in strike. It i< ( xceedina'iv common ; ill fact, it is the most comniou thiiii.;'. Of eoiir, I'li or :'>0 dciiTces, is \ery common indeed. Q. This wall yon speak of which you say is clearly defined in the liaui;-- \-ivs wall of the shaft, is that or is it not, or can you tell whether if is, the idti- lu.iic hanging wall of the vein^ A. Xo, 1 can not. As shown liy the ex- posure along the railroad cut — to give an exainpie — there are three liani^ing v.'alls, I think, a short distance apart, and it would he im])ossilile to be sur(> that what I have seen in the shaft was tlie idtimate hanging wall. There might very well be anotiier beyond. I should, perhaps, say in this connection, that 1 found in the shaft, along tlu shaft, the sjtace between the solid ore bodv and the wall to be quite altered ; ii is mineralized, in other wnnls. It is not niiu- eialized to such an extent as li form a solid body at all, but it is full i>i second- :u'v minerals and i* charaetcrisric A-pin matter. 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 179 Q. TIow would yoi. know when yov get to the ul.in.u,. 1. i„. wall of lie v(t)n proper/ A. You uoiiM C, I fi, ,■ ' ing;thntiML.onlvtl,ing ' '"' '" '•"''^"""" ^'■■"■'""''^- '''— Q The li.nit ,,f the v..,,, .von if th..-.. .■,..■ shoarin^s hevon.l, .ouhl .,.. till' iiiiiit of rainoraUzatioii A. Tho limit .,f ,„;, r .• 1111 iiimr 01 iiuncrali/ntinn, yes. Q. What about the foot of 1 1 i W,,^ fl,,, ai,,*'. ■, , , ,. . J- 11 1 « ■ i» lis riif; siiatr n such ulinDo that ,J.. can follow the foot wall the,. '. Xo, , ,,.. f... ,,,„ ;, ,., ,,, i'',;™;. ed la a few ease, as I .ud hefo.., v,>u s.. th. f,„„ ..,11 of the o... ..„., that . to .ay of the sol,d „r., 1,„( it is „ot sullieic-lv down in the foot ,o ..nahl v .-e any oot wall planes. Thoro are v..,v lil vein i. v,.ry w,.l| exposed. It show. T should say, fotu- or five feet of what is praetieally the solid ore-ehaleopvrite and pyrHiotite. Above that there ar.. two walls. I should sav about four feet .part. Between thes,. walls, to the lindt of the outer wall. 'the eountrv rock .^ strongly ,n,nerali/,.d. bevond that wall it is verv n.ueh less so. That wall forms the hunt of the vein, in my opinion, in the banuin. ai iha! plaee. The Court. Where wcnild the hanijini:' wall ,„ ,h,. drift' \ ( Ro ferrnig to tno.lel) That would be about her.; I ,hink about 1;, feet from the face of the drift back. The Court. Whieh way would it dip' .\. [, would dip north I look the strike and dip there. Q. Yon say you took the strike and dip there. A. T did. ' Q. AVhat do yon find the strike and dip t.. be there?. A. (Referring to memorandum). T find it to be south S.3 east. The Court: What is that? A. The strike of the wall. Mr. Davis: You cave the other north; perhaps it would be well to jrive this north too. A. AVell, that wotUd be north S;] west. '1 ho dip of this wall i? 36 degrees. Q. About how far is the face of that brown drift from the Xo. 3 shaft at the corresponding point? A. You mean in a horizontal direction? 10 K 20 25 .05 40 IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 1.0 I.I ^IM IIM i lis ill 10 11^ HI 1.4 1.8 1.6 /. # ^ ^^/ /!/ .^4 f/j f/- V <^ /J Photogi'aphic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ,\ iV I L1>^ s\ ;^^ o^ ■!/"... #^ ^^ J^^ .V , face of the brown drift ^ A. Tliat is in Centre Star Xo. 2. Its position indicates that it is that vein, as well as its composition. The Court : Do I understand you to say that the vein matter beaiiis to show a few feet from the face or does it, from the stupe inwards^ From the stope rijrht throusrh to the face? A. There is no vein matter showinfi from the stope. practically speakinj:, from the stope t'> a point practically 13 tect from the face of the drift. 10 15 The Court : There is no vein matter A. X. The Court : That is what 1 understood you to say: I am I'lyht in my un- derstanding of it? A. Yes. The Court : Is that the reason you say it is the Centre Star vein, from the character of hi A. Xo; my reasons for sayini;' rliis is the Centre Star ^•ein are, first, that it is in the [losition when \\ you been through anv workings which would show you a place beyond which at any rate, there is 20 30 35 40 no wal in t wlin lloCi to li tliei tliiit (Id. matt norti lie a then Tlio .Irift am n be ai uel KSl you can give somo limits witliiti whic-h the foot ■0 seen wiiat i c.nisider the foot wall exposed no foot wall; that is, so that wall must fall ?. A. Yes, I hav in the Hhort crosscut running back from the bottom level, this blue lev^h and the vein is exposed very nicely. The Court: This Iron Mask level? A. Tliis Iron Mask bottom level, running south from the Iron Mask oast drift N... 71. 1 find at that place what 1 consider to bo the foot wall of tlie vein. Hevund tliat in the drift there does not seem to be any further mineralization, or at least, there does not si-em to be any mineralization which would indicate that the vein extended any fur- tiier in that direction. The Court : Of course, I have to form somo opinion from your evidence; that is the rea-^on I am interfering at all l)y asking questions. Do I understand you to say you found the foot wall in what I call the spur or drift? A. I tlo. 10 15 II The Court: Then where is the hanging walH A. The hanging wall js m the vicinity of the end of the blue drift. The Court : But would there not be a hanging wall? 20 A. Yes. The Court : Did I understand you to say that there was no more vein matter north. A. I mean south, your Lordship. I meant south if I said nortii. Q. Where would the hanging wall be? A. The hanging wall would iip a little north of the hanging wall side of this Iron Mask drift. The Court : It would be at the moutli of the small drift? A. Well, there is a wall there, but I am not sure that it is the ultimate hanging wall.' The ore shows and the wall shows from here on to the end of this Iron Mask drift Xo. 71. 25 30 Q. East end? A.. The east end of 71 Iron .Mask east drift. But I am not positive that it is the ultimate hanging wall, because there may very well 35 be another wall just beyond that. Q. Do you know this yellow crosscut from the Xo. 1 Centre Star tunnel? A. Yes, sir. Q. To station 38, is it not? A. Station 38. 40 Q. Do you find any foot wall of tliat vein in the crosscut from Xo. 1 tun- nel running .to station 38? The Court : (Eef erring to the model). T want to see exactly what von .'ir. ].S2 \ro sponkinu: of tlicvc, ifr. Dnvis, ^'ou 1 iiiiii; nortliwest from ( 'mtrti Sun- l.iiiiicl N'o. i X, Q. ((^icstioii read). A. A'o, I 1 it. I linvc cxHiiiiiu'il it from stiition ;{s, a di^ H'ttcr call tliat tlic joi il;' crosscut, niii- 'W, wiial was your iiucsl (iii: lavo iioi, iiiii as far as I liavp oxamincd laiicc (if — 1 wduld he luialilc tc SUV .'xaetly— perlini)H 40 or ,10 feet l.ack, M,„tlica~i, witl.oul liiidiii.r ai.vtliiiiy wliidi I consider a wall. ^ Q. What cmciiisioii do you draw from that a^ to the limits of the foot nail of that %-cin^ A. Xatnraily, thai the f„nt wail of the vein lies to tiio north of station 38. lO The Court : The footwall of tlie vein lies to the ii,,rih^ A. To the north of station ;5S; that is to say, the foot wall i~ o„ this .id.., hut at some point ii'irth of there. Q. You stated tiiat you examiued_ Xo. :} shaft. 1 think the expression you used was "imdi hy iiudi."' is there any jilace there d,,wn to the nuid-seaiu where there was any continuous snli)hides, iiyrrhotiie and (dialcopvrite^ A. Xo, sir. The solid idialcopyrite and pyrrliotite are coiitiiniou^ practically down to tiie uiud-seam. Q. When you sav practically, just explain what von mean? A. 1 mean that there is a place a few feet helow station ,-,!» ,it which the ore for Two or tlm^e feet is thin, but still it is a thin streak, and you can follow it perfectly veil; and two or three feet helow that station it imnu'diatelv widens out aaain '!■) Q. It is thin, luit it is tliere^ A. Oh, certaiidy. S,. that the solid pyrrhotit(> and ehaleopyrite are contiiuicnis down to flu- mnd--eam Q. You have examined, I lielieve. Centre Star east drift No. ,->!», this preen drift( imiieating tite and a considerahle "^^ amoimt of quartz. The width of this is alxuit from l> to n f(>et anyway, the width of this that niifrht he termed ore. Q. Xow, when you spoke of the ore heiuii' continuous in that drift, as I think you said, what do you mean by "continuous ?" Are you speaking of it '^^ literally or otherwise? A. I am speakinu- of it literally. Q. You are speaking of it literally? A. Literally, c.uitinuous, yes, sir. 1 "t-fe^'Sm^: I 183 Q. Xow, wlint nrc tlic roinuiis for ynur siivin- tlmt the vein in flic r><) rast drift is tlic saiiio vein as the vein in tlic N,.. :! sli„t'i^ A. liccmim. 1 can h';R-c the ore and the vein iiiiiltci iitimi.Mi-ly (v„u\ mLmiu iIk- X,,. ;! shaft into iliis drift, witliunt Ki-cak i>\- iMtcnMipti.iM, and fullowini: the -aiiic |ilaiic. 5 Q. And what other reasons? A. And 1 aiisc it is simihir in .d.ar- iicter, entirely similar in character, to the vein a-^ shewn in tho shaft and at oilier plaees. Q. And what alxnit strike and dip? A. I ineaMiivd the strike and dip ^q of the walls at several places, or at at least ,,ne |,liiee that I recall distinctly, about half ways in, I think, from the shaft to the end of the drift. I ineasmvd' n foot wall there and a hanging wall, hotli (piite well dctiiied. and perhaps six feet apart. The dip and strike of those were that of the iioniial vein as shewn ih the shaft and along the eroppings. 15 wish. Q. That is, Xu. 3 shaft? .V. Yes. I can give vou the iiniires if von Q. W(dl, they eorres])ond? A. Thev do. Q. Xow, you spoke of walls in that Xo. :,[) east drift. So yon found walls there, did yon? A. I did. 20 Q. Tnst descril)e those walls. A. I fotind a hanging wall which shews on the north side of the ihift, shews vers plainly in places, and I found a foot 2o wall whieh shews very plainly in at lei ' one place. Xow, in driving a drift it is very rarely that the walls shew ahso, •. y right along, it is hroken into, and during the excavation of the drift its contiiaiation vas more or less broke)!. Q. The drift is S(]nnre, as it M-ere? A. Yes. 30 Q. Can yon tell whether or not those are the nltiinate walls of the vein in the drift? A. Xo, I cannot. Q. That can only be told by v.diat? A. l]y cross-entting tlii' hanging 35 walls and foot walls and so on. Q. By cross-cutting and ascertaining? A. E.xacth-. Q. Xow, have yon made an examination of the winze which is sunk from 49 the cast end of the 59 drift? A. I have. Q. Do you find a vein in that mnze? A. I do. The vein continues liown the winze which is about 1.S4 (i. What v,.iM is it. I will a,k v„„ li,-,; A. Tl„ ( r, t>v Star vein, tl,- very ^mur v..,n wliiH. I f„ll,.w.,l ,l.,w„ ,|„. , , v„. .. ,,,,,•, ,„„| ,„„ „„.,„,^,,|j flic .'lit call ilritt, tlicii cMiitiinicil mi in tlic \\[u/.i\ Q. Well, it. is s(.<'ii ill III., win/... at the pivscni tin,., to il,,. |„,it '. \. llsartlv, si...wiiifr al.m^' tlu- si,l..s „f tli.. win/,. ,, ...mtinuuMs l„„l,v ,,1 H,li,l pvri- li.itiic. aliniit a foot thick. I think. a. Any chah-oi.yrit..^ A. Vcs; ,1,,.,.,. is ..hal..o|,y|.it.. ah.ni.. witli it .,lway.s niorc <.r U-na .su.I.h.niy wi.h.nini; -mt tuwanis ili,. i„,ti,,ni of tli.. win/,.., on Ih.. wpHt si.h.. to a tlii..kiicss of piriiaps thiv,. tVci just ai^.w th.. inn,ls..an.. Hut I sh.mhl explain, of tli..s,. thivc f..ct rioht al.ov,. liic n,ii,|-M.ani, tli..|v is ,,niv a jpiirt wliich is s.ili.j, solid or... (). AlM.nt h.,w ninch i.s tiic soji.l p,„.t > A. Tiu.r.. is soni.. of the coun- try rock wliicii lK.f.ins to come in this s.ilid |,o.ly just hi.fore it i...ach..s tli.. nnai- sell III. 10 15 (i. Ahoiit what is the wi.ilii of tlic solid part; The rourt: Yon mean of tiie three f....t imnidiatcly al.ov.. ilic mud-seam only n part A. Only a part is solid. The f'onrt: Solid what? .\. ."-loiid or... g. Alwrnt what is th.. width .d the >olid part '. A. ,Iust 'ihov.. tl,<. mu.l- fcaiii T think the soli,] part wouM only !»• al.out a fo,,| and a-lialt wi.l.., possihiv two feet. •''he Court: Tmme.liately ahov.. th.> mu,l-s,.am; A. imuH.diaf..]v aJM.ve \h, na.i-seam. That is to say, tli..re is a small mass of country mck ...miin- in, as it always does in s.did masses, just al.ov,. the mud-s,.am. o'ceupvinp- sonro oi til,. ..-pace which is just ahove occupi,.,! hy solid pyrrhotit,.. Q. You sptdce ahont the oiv l),.iii,u- coniiiuious iii the wiu/c th, .;•,.. Aij-ain ;u-(. you using the word continuous in its lit(.i.al s,.nsc; A. T ilo. Q. And what about walls in th,. win/..' A. The han-ini-' wall which 1 mentioned before, as shewing in the .Irift, is v,.ry well d..|in.'d in the ro.if of the winze, and shews that characteristic dip and strike, ahnut two feet or there- abouts, three feet, above the solid ore referretl to before. Q. Why do you say tl c v(.in in the winze is the same vein as the vein in the east drift and the Xo. 3 tunnel i A. Because I have followed it continn- 'lusly and witliout break from the shaft, throujrh the 50 drift, down to the bot- tom of the winze, it maintaining its strike and dip ,nd the other chnraetf'ri.«tie5. 20 25 30 35 40 inciici \vi(]c. ji^ I rctncmlici' it, Tlio Court: Did yon >ay it was to tlic ca-l of iji,. win/c? A. Vcs, sir. Tlio Conrt: Fort or indies? Q. Jnst toll his Lor(lsjii|) whore yon f,,nn.l iii,if; .\. I found it first at the ond of tho ,-!) drift thorp, it outs the oiv. aud tli,. ore siiows npiin a little cnst of this dvko; tl'f tu guv 25 Tho Court: On ,..o other side <.f it? A. On the other side of it, not very far. l.iit it shows ajraiii. 'i'hen I tiud • ai;ain ou the sides of the winze; I i^eo it in a few plaees, ami 1 find it airain at tiie liottom of rho winze at the east i'ido of it, shewin,!.' very ])hiiiily the same widtii — aliout 1.") iiudies. a is here hroken thronj-h and for an extent of aliout a square fool or two tiie ore. inin- "^^ erali/ed matter, shows to tho east of it auain. 20 Q. Does that dyke have anv effect ou the vein? A. N'ot that 1 can see — no effect. Q. Do yon see that dyke anywheres else? A. ^'es. Yon see it in a numher of plaoes; you see it in the outeroppiiij;-, erossini;- the (uiterop. 35 Q. You see it in the outcrop? A. ^'es. Q. I -.vill only take that fusl. A. It is seen in a iireat many other places. Q. What effect does it have on the vein at the outcrop^ A. None that 1 can see except interrupting it, breaking it to the extent of its thickness. 40 186 Q. Do you find it in win .natter, in other wonls, in v.in .nattc.. on both ? ;• 1. ., " -"'■'''' "' -"" ^''""•^■'' ""■ -- -^'-"^ anv inter- luption or lanlt m tlio veni, aiong tiie dyke tivill say again, the niu,i-seam^ A. At the collar of the .haft a very heavy body of solid ore shews, chaicopyri,,. and pyrrhotite, and this .n:ao body of ore which is fr.un one to three feet thi.k is exposed along the Mnft, to a depth of about ."iO ieet, 1 should say fn.n n,v re,..,,l,.c.io„, and arthat place tins body narrows and becomes thinne.-smdh.r: it continues, however a-~ one well defined plane ' The Court: Do you mean downwards A, Down in the shaft alon,' till' incline, as one well defined plane, along which, on both sides of which there .< a great amount of ndn..ralization, a gn.at amount of pvrrhotite-scattcr,.d I'vrrhot.te, cdialcopyrite, calcite and .p,art/.-iu fact it continues as a verv well >letmcd. though narrow, vein. This continues down to a ,listanc,> of about 75 feet from the bottom; at this place the solid sulpiudes or ore— solid ore, i mi-dit fay, widens out again and appears to bo, in fact is, :! or 4 feet thick, 'ft is n.,t absolutely solid, it is ndxcd with some quartz and co.mtrv ro.'k. At about SO Ieet, or 75 feet, I should say, or 70 feet, froui the bottom a ditferent rock be-ins to come in in the hanging; it is a coarse grained rock, whi,.], I have i.lentified as ngabbro; and the shaft ..ontinues, principally in that rock, down to its bottom. Q. AVhat is your explanation of the different rock being in that position? A. That body of coarse grained rock, whhdi is very much tougher, harder, limn the rest of the material, may be a dyke or it may be a scMregation fnun the Igneous rock while the same was in a condition of molten magma. The Court: Intrusion? A. Intrusi.m. yes, my J.ord. I am m.t quite sure as to what it owes its ori-in. 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 lou iiiin lite ihc l>un feet IIH'II t;(.n iiu'li III tl i'n iir i!ic:ii V('r\- isl Q. A\'liiif kiiiil (if rock i^ it ;i< (n,- ., t ., i Q. ^-" may ns u.ll ^o ,o tlu. l,o,to,n of Xo. , .,,„■, ,,i,h von, dos-rip- 10 :!,.. liangui, wall ,n th. root of tin. .haf, .oi,„ .l,,.,, ,„„, ,, „.;, ,...,„.^„ ^,,^^ ,.gms to occupy the whole ot the .haft, thv .,11,1 .„|,,|,i,|... ,„,i,i ,„,„ |,„„.,^^ ^^ ,bs.,,i,car and disappears ami itistcad for nhot.t :i,. „, ,;, ,„„, „„.,,. i. .U^^,- „„ i.upre^nation. a scattorinjr, ..f hunches of pvrrhotit.. .,,1 ..halcopvritc inthn coaive rock to u.di.-ate that th.. vein is Ihcv. It Ik,,. h„wcv,.r a' verv Mroi..^ ,,unend,za„on. X,,w within aho.tt ,, feet, or aho,,, ... f,,,., p„,,..,ps. f..o,u Hh. i,oth,n. ot tin. shat,, several seauts l,e;,i„ .^ain; .„,„> lilled n„h 'halcopv- v,te. These seams, which are > to ;! ,„,.hes thick, o. f,.,„„ 1 to ;; inches thick, ,, I should say, ..ontnu... down nnhrokenly, or at least with s,nall interruption, to ''^ the mud s..iun. 'J lie rock surroun.li,,. th,- seam is, as before, stro-ndv mineral- i/ed, and tilled with minerals indh'atiug' vei„ material. lielow the inud seam ,iown to the bottom of the shaft bunches of pyrrhoti,.. occur a-ain. scattered hunches; they are especially plentiful in the little rcccs. which is ,.,11 ba.-k fi-o„, rhe main .h^ifr at th,. bottom of X,>. J. ,.„t ba,.k b,,- a .listatu'e of about t „r T, ^^ feet in a ^ontln-rly ,lire,.timi: ,,n that r,.,.,.s~. ov,.r whi,.], the wat,.r Hows, the s,.li,l ,.re is very ni,.,.|v e.xp,,s,.d. Tl„. , titmalio,, ,,f th.'se s,.ams which [ nientione,! befoiv as showinc: just above the mud sc^m. arc not s,.,.n b,.|ow f,,r the iras.m that th,.v come ,h,\vn at the pla,-,— com,, down ..iiainst th,. fh,or of ih,. -haft, so to sp,.ak. Th,.re is a r,.,.,.ss a-ain put in ili,.r,. and tli,.ir ,.ontinua- "'' til. II b,.|,iw ,.oul,l not very well b,' seen. Q. 'i'hatis. lh,.y pass ini.ith,. toot wall ,.f the -haft, is thai whal you mean? .v. I'ass into th,. footwall ,if th,. shaft, <.sp,.,.iallv if tli,.n. has b,.,.n ti slight. M very sli^'ht fault, tlu.y w,mld 1... ,.onip|e|,.|y ,.arri,.,| into -he b>otwall: a'few '"'^ iiiclu.s wuuhl be. suilicit.nt for that ]iur]ios,., Q. Xow, wiiat about walls in the Xo. -2 shaft? .\. Th,. walls show III the top very plainly f,H- the wliol,. ,listan<',. ,l,)wii. until at a place 7o feet from tiic l),)ttoin; tlio walls are e.N,'ee,lin!j:ly well ,letiii(.ii at first :in,l tlu.y are in- ^^ i!ii.ati.,l by th,. limits ,d' the ore bodv— ,>f the h,.avy or,. bo,iy 1 mention, ',1 !ie- U ire. k (i. ".") f,.,.t from th,. bottom? .\. 'i',>s, sir. (i. Thar is the point y,m mentioncl that th,. .") f,.(.t from th,. bottom th,. walls are also v,.■^ well d,.fin,.,l, c.nsistini:' tir-t of that ci.ntrai fissur . wh.h.h I uK.ntioucd bo- 40 p 1S,S fare, fillcl wtu .■alc-itc and otl.er nuncnils „„,! I,v aiin,!,,.,. wnll ahov,. tliat a .iistance ..f al.out 2 or ti IVct. sl„.wi,.u' in il„. ,,,,.r „t ,|„. in,.|in,.. Tl.is wall i. M-vy well d,.tin...l in scwral places I'Ut in s,.v,,.al pla....s it is less well .Ictino,! 1 took lU-i stnk.. and dip and Hut .onvspon,! wlj witl, tiu- dip an.l strike of IS flip vp'.n. 20 Q. What alM.nt l,dow that' A. l:,.l„w that point for a distan,-,. of 5 ahont -25 f..ot the walls are not well drlined; they d,. not show, in fact; that is, ill this coarse rock, Imt — Q. What is your explanation „f that; A. \V,.ll. it is vrrv ..oninion to fmd-m iaet, it is the rnle to find, that wheuev.T a fraetniv and tissiuv erosse. in a material of ditlerent eoniposifion from that wliieh it has been traversim-- be- fore, its eharaeter ehan-es, from a .dean ent liss„re it ma. ..hanue into a s'pliu- t,ve,l np set of traetnres and viee ve.va; the sndden ehanue „f the roek influ- eiuvs the fissnre very deeidedly ai„l very srnmojv. I„ ,his ..wo ,he \\«uv^ passed from a rather tine arained n,ek, of ,.ven, An nnmh..r u( _ seams, and cracks in. ire .)r l.ss irr.'anlar. Q. Have y.m seen that sort .if thing elsewlu're^ A. V.>. I hav.. seen ii in a very -ivat nnmli..r .,f places. I hav,. ...en it. and thiMv are s.mie instanc-es 1 have specially .l.^s.^rihcl and mentione.l fmm Idali.,. f,.,,ni rh.. Hois.. P.asin, Imt in fact it is snch a common plieneinenou it is to h.' murd in (.v..ry mining district where tlu.re are veins and changes in tli.' .•.mntrv. Q. 'J'he one you have mentione.l in Dois.. I'.aMii as ,.n.. that von hav,. .le- 25 .-.•rihcl, that .lescription wouhl he in one <•{ y,,nr ivpurts, 1 sn|.p,ise; A. That would 1)0 in .me oi my reports, I believe pnblisli..d last year. Q. Wliat did you say as to the continuity ,ir otherwise as to the minerals ill \o. 2 shaft; A. I sh,)uld say there was ,.ontinnons niin,ralizati,)n from 30 t.ip t.i li.)tt.iiii. The mineralizati.m, of course, as far .hiwn until the coarse rock is reaehe.l, is exceedingly well defined and char tc. anyb.ulv. H.dow it i< als.. exce,.dlngly clear, but the fact that th.. mck is v..ry ...lars.. inulers the iiiin.'ralizati.m a trifl,- loss ea.sy to see. In a ,.oarse ro.-k th.. iiiiii..ralizati.in may have g.me on to a cmsiderable ,>xteiit an,l still it w.mld b,. .lirticnlt to ivalize 35 it fr.im a casual lo.dv at it. In the tine grain.'.l ro.dv it is v,.ry mncli easi.>r to s.'e. and as illustrating this, I might say that at th.> h.itt.nn of .\,i. -2. wheiv that little re.'oss is cut back in the foot, part .)f that recess is in th.. ...lars.. roek and the .jther part, the western ])art, is in th,. fin.'r grained m.^k. 'I'll.' hii..r grained ro..k, which shows on the western si.le, is excee.lingly stroiiglv min.'ralize.l, as 40 can he seen by the most easual inspection; the ,>astern side which consists of tlie cs from foot to f< (<'"iitiinici!.i .\liii,.v,ili/,,t ttlnll N a tllllli; Q. Is there anv doiilil ii flMMl t Ofl to liottlllll ill .\". -' shaf voiir muHJ as t,, fl,,, ,.,,, A. X, itiiiiiiiiis mineralization 15 -ll\ thei e i- not. Q. To wiiere, from the foot of X, that Centre Star X( Xo. -2 shaft. How d liati. -' veiii^ 1 will .|,k 'I" y< in Xo. :.' ^{^i v"U another .|iie>iion lirst about tli- I)i - sliatt from to| les If \-arv or is i t 20 ant dip. 1 shoiihl sa.v it is. perha[(s, a di > to liiittoin, sh 'ws a verv fairlv eo'i- haft X o. ;!, may averai^e a little above 40 or l,"). >r two sieejier than shown in I Q. What is th( ip at the top of j t, the tirst, :iO [,.(.( liip at the to]) (d' it, 1 believe, is.st A. The eeiier. Q. I ain now askinu' as lo tl vein, r asked vmi bcd'or 10 dip of the shal'v, and not the dip of tl the dip of the shaft, from the top of of the sluift. is st^'eper at tliat point. e as to llie dip of the vein. 1 am now askim;- as to It, sty down I'O or .•;i) feet^ A. The tr Q. What is the e.xplanation id" tliat '. \. 1 iiterop, the oiiterop is not riiilit at the collar. r is not sunk riiziir on tl le Q. Just ex])laiii what you iLcan. That shaft is, as compared with the haniiinu- wall of tl and where it is as compared to it l'O or .">0 feet down^ A. Well, the h wall lies a little to the north of the IS, say where the collar of the 35 le vein, we will sa\ at the collar, anpniff collar ill X'",.. i> shaft, at about the toj), and from there on it dips down in a direction about, perhajis, at fi di'ijrces and then flattenini>' out below. rst, 5") or flO 40 Q. Yon do not exactly see what T mean, 1 think. T want you to explain how the dip of a shaft wdiicli was sup]iosed to follow alone: a vein, misiht be, different from the vein itself in that shaft, or in a portion of it? A. The I'M) sliiil'l luiiv iKif, t'olldw ilic vein, and tiiiii'.- ill iIk' li;iiif;!ii,i;-. 'omelinic^ il nuiv |„ ill rill' foul and (l Tiiat is wiiat I mean. A. ( la no w ny indicative of tlie dip of tiic v i-i'i|U( inly tiic di|> of tlir -half is I'in. Q. Is tliat so ill Xo 2i A. Ti IC 'lip ot li villi \'an(s; it is not tiii' sain <', that 1-. at ll liii\r to iiiol\ nil iiiv notes to SCI liift and the dip of the 'll'ii- diist iiou- tiiat is 1 will Q. \ii\\ l|ii;;li| look at \oill' II w .) A. I liiid ll '""'" ' -iilN a iiieiiioi-andnni 10 ifi. tiierc is a 1 us 111 my noic.; That at in feet l,elnw the rolhir of tli leavy, 2 foot wide, hody of |)vrrliotiti llijii th ih'iiTccs. 'I'lio dip of the vein is a litfh and elialcopyriic, , lip- dip of the ^haft itself rifrlit theiv; that d -leepiT Mt the collar ol the shaft Mild the vein di|)s parallel with the shaft. (^. N'mv. Mr. l.indiireii, 1 wi^h t, 11 iiiiiiiieiit a,i;o when I hranched oil' on tl till Xi>. -2 -haft. That is, the ipiestion a- t lew the vein in this Xo. 2 shafts .\. .\t th iau<;es iiniiicdiatidv helow 15 '''■|"''l' llial ipieslioii whirh I a-ked 11' ip"-^'i"ii "T the dip of the vei von " \vli:il point, it any. "t of Xo. 2 -1 Voll coll laft^ Id •2t) Q. Yes? A. I lia\'e SCI iiii; westward to alioiit a ])iiiiit idosc hv Station .\( n tjie vein from the foot of Xo. 2 -haft cNtciid- I 1 stward of the np-raise .\'o. -t to a point :.'() f lave seen it cxtendiiu eet east of .Station lit. he ahout in here some place ( iiidicat«n,i:' on model.) At thi- wliicli would till' foot am IS no more seen. I measured the strik 11- place It cuts into iilniit;' in here (indicating on niodel), ah :>2. and the average dip 1 ohtained, in fact, it Till' -trike is very plainly indicated hv ll '• :iiid (lip at varioii- pi ICC! ng iieai' station lit and lilso near station was constant, was ."iC) or ,')."i deureer le conr-e of ihr dnft. 30 The Court: I!y the course of the drift W est of Xo. 4 iip-raise, Yes, vonr Lordsl west from Xo. -1 111) raise lip. (.). And east, I suppose too? A. And east \ Tlir strike being ahoiit north 7") deg iihiccs. to the east and to the west of X'o. -1- rli'.irK in liotli ]ilaees. rees west, appro.ximately. The vein at both •aise and Xo. 2 incline, si and Is indicated hy from one to two feet of solid lows verv imj solid chalcopyrite. Q. Is tliat ore or is it not (lie i- without anv doubt >re, solid ]iyrrliotiti' eon 'innoiis between tho>e ]ioiiits; A. T laf 40 itiniions il' is fiirtlieriiiore "ontinnons from here (in Xo. 2 inclinf i point n few fee* '>"yond 59 Xo. 2 raise to .X',,. 2 incline. It ng on moiled ). being the foot o£ I'.M Q. Wh..tveini.that^ A. Tl,,.,. in mv „,,i„i„n i. ...,.„•.. Su.r X... 2, M I huv.. tnu...,l all n,„,u! fn.,,, tl „„..■„,. ,]„. „ ,1,.. x.,,, i,,..,;,,,, „„j j,,^; the JNo. 3 iiii'liiu'. Q. Now, liiivp ymi cxniiiiticil Y... o rui-c^ A V(- [ |. •. 5 Q. I)oy.,„tm,hn,yv,.in.h..n.> A. I ,1„. n,,. X„. j n,i., starts on . von- w,.ll .lHn„.,l v,.i„. ..mi,,,. ,, f„, ,, , ,,„„„,„l,. ,•. a!,,,,,, „ f,„., „f ,oli,l ore. Q. What vPin is rl,at tl„it if start, f, ,^ A. Tl,at vi,, sta,-ts i„ my 10 .pn„on, on the s.une voin tL.t i. shown ,„ ,i,.. ,i,.iff 1,,,,,.. that is th.. (Vnlro Star No ... J ho ,1,,, at Ih.. hotto.n of Xo. 2 rai... i- al,o,„ ,-.,; ,„• ,-.,, t., th. I....st of my rc-oh...t,o„--v,.rv nearly that; .oinr n,. i, t!aM,„s ,„„ ,„,,. „„„, „, ,,.„,,„^ -^ ,M l.y this n,n.i,.l. an,l near the t,.,, I ti,„| ., uvli ,h.H„..,l v,.i„, wilh 1 To,,! of H.hd suli.l,i,h.s an.] with tho ,-l,araH,.,-is,i,. ,|ip ,„„] .f,;,,,,. „„. ,,i|, .,,,,, ^^^.^,^ .^ ^5 ( liarartcrislic of the (Vi,i,'c Sia,' vci,, j ,ii,.i-,,i.,„l It .,, 1, .• 1 -l- .,.,.,,., ' II" ''-"iH''! It ai ihi tun,., niiil it von U-,s|, It. I will lilVC It. Q. You might give it? A. (<'ons„|ri„,o. „„,„„„,„„,,„„ I,,.,,,.-) j^ j was mistaken. At th.. hollom of >:„. j ,,,i„, , n,, j, ,;„ ,,,,,„.,„,.^ ,„,,,,,__ ^^^ Q. An.l it flatt..ns o„t to ahont what; A. It llaft..,is ,„it t.. In .k- i..ro..s. a striko very n..arly .nst arul wo.t. That is to say, at the top of the raise 1 t.nui.l a vein .lii-ping 40 degrees nortli an.l strikii,- ,,,st an.1 w> st-verv nearlv (M-t and west. 25 g. Xow what ..onelnsion ,1„ you ,■,„„(■ t.. fm,,, i|,;,t ,li,, nnd strike a^ to thiif heing .,r not I.eing the ( Vntre Star .Vo. -J vei„; A. 1„ ,uv .,|,ini„n it is the same vein as 1 have f.)llowed .Minintr d..wn the Xo. 2 shaft and al.Miu tlic .Iriff an.l up again in Xo. 2 raise; it is un.,,n.stionahly the sain., vein, "xhe . I,a,ig,. ii, dip, tiio local (diange in dip ther... is a thing tl'iat is verv apr to happen 30 iti any vein. I think the pr.,l,al,iliti..s are. if you w..nt ,l„w,i 0,1 it. tho vein unuld he toun.l to resuin.. its n.,r„ial .lip. S.udi l.^.'al o.vnrre s are a matter of very eoniiiion occnrrenee in tissure vi.ins. Q. Xow what ali.nit th.. vein in Xo. 2 raise as to eoiitinuity? A. At 35 file L..ttora then, is a well dc.fined vein shewing uve in.-h.s ,.f soli.l .,re an.l walls iihout five feet apart. The C.urt: llanuing and f.K.t wall? A. Hanging and foot wall, yes. The (\)urt: Well defined? A. Well defined. A sh.u-t distance up from the bott..ni this seam of solid ore grows very thin, and for some distance al'ove and below the mud-seam there are only bunches of pyrrhotite scattered siirongh the rock. The rock is heavily mineralized but for some distance it is 40 A. It) Ift'J p.ior. doing ii|. apiiii. the s«..li.| Lnttuai, or :;() i.ct .luw.i fr,„-, the , i,„.,, ,,,p ^,_|| | tiiiui'8 to tin- face, nlioiit ii font rlnCk "'" "f'l"'"'"* ■" 'I l'"iur illMHlt t)() fw( ui. fn |» iriiiii 'f' appL'urs iiKniii. in.) (.„n- Q. Ts tluTf IlllVtIl A. No, tliiu is nn ('Xfrcditi''! iiijr wiiiHiinl ill ,,iv I •IT ln.uiaiiit; tl vein in the world tlint I know u( the oro doc.H not inkc pl;i JJIv (■(iliKMon ocelli lin in -|),.|., ia that u ■"■II'''. fn fii.'t, tl UI wliicl, |,,vnl fi^ H'I'i I* Mo flrtSlll. I'lni'liis anil iiKpovcrishnicnt ol Q. \ ow ufTc vou np the .No. | A. V cs, sir. Q. Do vol, fin.l 16 fpct wide, of solid pvrrliotiti' and di \oTj stoep dip. 'I vein in thon ? A. | f,„|,„| lalciiji I'in a stroller viiii, uImhii r\ ,i;"iiii; lip tliMl nii>.', mid it \V;i- II Q. What would Vol! sav about Its extent to lie ahic to vontiiiv a d "'•" •■'"? A. r do not k now ono\, ■lii'Wii III thiH raise and it niav biiuplv I '■I lite opinion alioiit it. It is onlv Xo. 2, or it may possiMy he an iinlepi-n.lent ve u; | "• III! 'IW t Ot' llljs ( 1^ ( 'eiiire Star \ cm are not sufficient to enali] I'ollld no e me to te f say; I he ex] losiire- Q. Now, yon know the innil-s A. I do. ■'■••1111 Miat il;,. heeii ivt'erred to in ihis action^ Q. r.iiiiiiionly called the flat Fanlt? A Ve. Q. Have von mad I tliink at all points where it e an e.\aiiiiiiallo:i, thorn. 1 is exposeij. il exaiiiiiiatloii of ihat? A. Q. At all t le points where it i^ exi dozen of them, I I.elieve A. I should ^; know exaetly. '-'■d. I'here are soiiielhim; like a ^y so, :iielliiii- like that. [ don't •M Q. Is it the sninc niml-.-^eam that A. It is, to the best of my jiidanient it is tl y'Mi see expo- d at these various jwiiits^ seam, and there arc no oth Pl 10 same in ul-senm. It is a persistent ■rs apparentlv, and it is iilwa\v ■ame place where you would ."xpect it, so I judge fr. iii that fanie. ;>neounteretl in the it is one and the Q. Well, have you any douht ahout it yoursidf ; A. [ 1 liave not. Q. About what is the general .Jip and strike of that mud-seam? A 40 The fiverage dip I should say was ahout 35 degrees north, and tl is north 70 df he averaiic strik' 'greea Q. And the dip was what, did you say? A. Tliirtv-tive d ogrees north. ^0 pap the prai li'ft (illi will veil A. laec shov thiit the 1 scrili poin with \. note 111- wt lit;. Q. It dips to the soutli^ A. It d 35 degrees south. ips to liic south— of com'st', it docs, Q. You niiRht just M'ivo \m Lord>l,i,, an idea witli this jiapcr what the dij) and strike of that is. A. T the Iron ]\lask drift fr oni point marked "X" praetically exposed for tlie whoh' d i-e of lilortii lie sirik(> is i)efore sliewii aloii '" ■' !'"int marked "1(17." It istaiiee, n- ahnost the whoh' dislan Q. About ;)00 feet, IS It Hot, or feet; I don't know exactly, aud it di|)s d (illustratinji) down soutlnvard, A. I -houid .say it is about ps down in tiiis manner, like this, di 300 winze at tlie end of 5!) drift yellow drift Centre Star .Vo. 1, I |„.i mil in tliH instanre cnltin-;- tlie 1 ppnii; IS shewn her,, in this phiro. and eondn- al jottoiu of the love tins 10 leve. Q. Centre Star Xo. 2 it is eallecl. A. ( Q. Between stations 4i) and H. enlrc Star north drift. 15 The Court: Does tl A. At the surfaeo? lilt iniid->eam appear at the i,,p al all in anv place The Coiu't: Yes. ,\, X o, it does not. 20 The Court: Anywhere^ A. X lace it would appear somewhere o. Hot where T liave seen. On tl ic sur shew on the surface. Tl ■iway over there, li lit it would be ludikelv to lere is no c that would not 1 :ie apt to shew on the surf laracteristics of it except crushed ro(d. K, and 0- :iee at a I The Court: T the mud-seaiu^ lere was nothinii' to crush it ^ A. Xo. Shall I d' escribe g. ^'es, ti ik{> the vai'ious ?cril)e them carefully, speaking' (,f th,. ofl' points, and especially at these ] without .sayino- anvthii points when, you timi the mud-; 'ect, if any, the mud-seam li )ouits where it intersect- o you wisli me to iix about it at all, at what points voii tind fli cam and de- ls at various ieiu. Mention first, mud-; seam. rnc tlieni ui anv ord('r: Q. Take the order tl A. V lat you will take it up aft erwanls m dcseriljinn- jt. erv We The Court: Co f rom east to west, would von Hot; Mr. Davis: Well, jn-obablv tli ite hook; that he will e same wav that he has tl remember most easilv. lem down in his 40 ^= 01- west to east, b The Court: Ft would lie easier for me to remember them fr ecause it is quite easy for him to find that out. 'om cast to west 'r "v t 194 Q. Fi oiii cnst to wfsi siiy. Ami V'lU Wil 111 to tiikc til,. ,■,.,] Ifvcl first. The CoHi't: Lnt li iiii <\<> as Ik- Iik(.< al ii'"iit ihat, mir t' nun 'Mst tn west. Q. (iivo the point wImmv the. nui.l-s,.a,n i> .,.,.,., snul tli,.., vn,i „k,v .k .cribo them after^-anls. A. At point „.n,.k,.,| -X" in I,„„ Mask tunnol- li'on. tlK.re on ..ontinuously to a point approxinutdy -'u l\,, u-„st .,f 47 in tho same tunnel. Tl.r Court: Jnst on ,1,.. low.r ksvl nou- you ar. talking, al.out. ( )n till' lower Icvol. A. 10 Tl... Court: That is on the lower h^vol of th. (Vnliv Star V On .he Io«-er le^el of Hie Centre Star, and in Xo. 1 ..,.oss-,.,u .„„|, ,,. , < ,;,, gtar .No. 2 tnnnei; m ^o. i npraise. 15 TheC.mrt: Whereahonts. at tho foot of it> A. Ahon. l'U f,.,, above the bottom; ,n Xo. ■> im-line about 10 feetabovo the bottom: in Xo. ■> rai^e nbont 40 feet abovo the bottom; in Centre Star north drift at 47 and Is; in the same dn tat So. |5 raise, tl.is l„,.ality (illnstratin, „„ n.odel,; in the sa,ne drift at 37 20 and oS; m the Iron .Mask wn,.e -:, feet: in tho iro,, Ma^k winze 40 iVot. Mr. Uodwcll: Yon said I'.-i feet. .\.v von mentionino- two phuv.' Did I .say i',") feet jnst now; A. Mr. Bodwell: Yes. A. I rno mt 2r> feet bel,,\v the [nui Ma,-k level. The Court: Then -J't (oc\ below ih, Iron .Mask winze^ .\. In the iron Ma>k w le lion :\Ia^k lew!, you liml it in the iu/e. yes y(]iir Lordship. iiie Court: .\nd that is we^t of tlir Iron Mad< drift Xo. .',7. is it uot' .30 A. West of th.. Iron Ma>k drift Xo. .;!•; ii„a|lv i„ ,i„. |„„,,„„ „,■ y,, ,. j,^. Hu.e. and in the b.,ttoni n{ the winze leadin- down from .V.. drift Centre Star. The Court: In the bottom of (Vntre .Star winz>- A. In the bottom of .)!• drift; in tiie vinze leadinu' ,l,>\vn fnmi the Centre Star Xo. .V.t drift Those q- .■u'O all of the localities a^ far as I remendx.r. ' Q. .\ov.', M'ill you take thorn one by ,uie. Mr. I.induren. and siv how vou tind the mud-seam there and its dif^'erent eharaeferistie. and what ..Ibvt it Ins d any. upon the different veins it eneoutifrs. The tir-t point vou took up is .n "hat; A. I he point "X". At the point "X" I tind the mud-seam faulted ^.hout S or '.) feet south by a fissure parallel to a ,lyk.. whieh shews about 10 teet from the point nnirked "X". The Cotirt: That woidd be a vertical iissinv> A. .V vertiea! fissure, ,\es. Ten feet from th point marked "X" and tl lere are two ilvkes, eaeh l)er- V lit.-, liiips fivo foot in fliickness, ns far n* I ,.,„ ,., i ,.™,.i,„,„ „n,„.„.o,„, „,,,„„,,, ,„ .„ i:::':, :;:^:z;z::" '" •' The C(mrt: Ivistward, do voi, ,ncvn, or vvo.tuu',1' \ W, ,■ ^ this direction. In tho dvko tho un.l-soa,,, \rj^^ ' ^^ ^'^^""'^ '" Th(> f'om-t: Thnt is nPiir j.oiia "X " \ v, ,. , • , ..v , ..nt™....W,onho.t.o.d.,o..,,,;L" .oniparativoly narrow fissnro and a c-ouplo of in.hos ui,l,.. I should'.a.. ^^ Tho(Wt: '>'-.l-lyk.entthonnuU.an,o..,l.,.n.,,,l-..a,n..,,tti... •bkn. A. ih. nnu-s..am .uts th. H.r dvk,.. and ,„in. .M.vanl it al., ..ut. ,e™don..J. thecmtm.,iHuuk,i.H,n.u,,l.a,.U,,,l,i,,,,,in,. hnnu.di- .t.ly westward of the ,.o,„t uIhto i, ...cu rl,. vrn,.! n-.nv. i, ...uinnes in- 15 creasing in width. The Court: "Westward fn.ni |,ninr ••X" ^ W,. tu^ ,,. i r ..V "71 1 , •■' • .v. \\ c-iwanl tmiii i)oiiit A, and readies perhaps or . indics j,, tliicknc--. The ( 'ourt: Yon did not sav wliat was ,h.. ,l,ickiH..; vo„ did not Mart with '^ any hiclcness. \\ hat thickness was it when you started tho mud-sea,..' A A, fh,. place, point ••X," in o.oino. tl,,,.„oh this drift-I had better consult mv notes. l„.cause tho nnn.ber of tlie measurements are dillVivi.t. ,v,m.ml,er ( K,:. temiif;. to hook.) The thickness of the mnd-,-cam wl.,.,.,. 1 ,[,., ..„„„„„,o..,.,I it .,. .!..■ p...nt "A is onl^^ a few inches. 1 or :, in,.hc<. and ihc thickness of the nmd-scan, at ,i.e next phice I find i,. to the w..t nf ,1,,. la.dt. ihat is at this phic-e alxmt 20 feet. ' The (Jonrt: To the west nf the dvke v, 'II ""Mn. A. To the west (d' the dvke, is only alnuit an inch or two, that iswhilo it t.'avc,s..> wc,,wa.'dlv of tl! two dvkes. 30 he Court: li.e place hetwcen the two dykc^.-whcv it t,-avc,..„.s the place ,etwe.m the two dykes. A. Xu, the tiss,.n. lios hoiwo,.,. ,1... t.o dvkes ••"Hi the mud-sean. goes tlm.ngh one of thein,, and on., of them comes thr'nicli 35 tli( sir. The Court: There are two dyk.s and an intcrvc.dhu' Hssnrer A. Yes, The Court: Parallel to themf A. Parallol to them. ^^ The Court: You say the n.ud-.eam ruts ,1.,. dyke, hut it does not ent the |,..„,e_the fissure cuts it. A. Th.. fis.>ut thi- place (ill usrralum on I'.it; 1110' liiicl del), tl ic iiuul-srani < !.» lie;: I'i'i'S 1111(1 ~h y grdiiiid-iip nintcriii I'W-; a iliii'kncss (.f live iiu'iiij.s of Q. Dof'S that iim(l-s( Ves, it docs, Init the cuttiiifi of tniting on model); it coincs tliroii;;li tli,. t 'I'l' '-lit linti, ,,f tl„K,. ,lvk,... M I', l.inilurcii : rile M'coiid .,ii|. 1 tl iiil^' wa-^ at ihis ii| ICO (ilUi.- i-trikes this tissiire; it tl ii'o\v,< it hack to tliis "■•'' "'' 'li"in iiiiil (•(iiiH- throutih and pliici Q. That is the ca^twanl .Ivko:' A. 'I'hal i~ ihi' ca-tward dvki Q. Is it. earlier oi> hilcr than tl 10 lioth of the (U-k .~fation -JrO. "■ inud-caiii. or h es are earlier than iho i.niil- ■lani. ive you sect! it^ Tlioii at tli(; next uj jilaee. Q. Yon niiglit, i)ef 'iivy.iii iro to aiH.th,.,. p,,;,,,,. M,, I,i„duivn. -tat I'eet. if any, the inud-seam ha- u\M>n th,. f,„.k (■ wliat 1' there is any partieular point of iliiivc and below it, wlictli hatrenni;' or criishiiii:- of the ro<'k i-e yon might spr.ik >>[' that A. A- far ;, 1 ..■,, ;||, -l(i the mnd-seain dips \r> degree-, its thiekne-- i ir not, ami At station "iir lui'hcs. and Ixdou- it The ( nrt: Fort V-S1.\ IS place (illustrating on model). ■r here liiln-tratiiig). A. !•" irty-six IS this 20 Mr. !)avi<: T he nnmliprs are diiplieaied in son Q. Fortv-six, on \v hieh le\ol; A. On the I i'"ii Ma-k level. 25 Q. The red level? \. \ some indications of sheeting, that '■'• >ii'; niid immodialrlv l.oh feet helow il is linished up ronghlv inti IS til -av. I w it there are ic rock li !■ a toot ,,!■ I |il:ici- along the sides of a f laralk \\o or a f e\v hccf-. which v( ractnre, hotli sides of a fract yy often take; ure 30 ,irt: Tile tliickness of tl IC IIHKJ-M' imiil-scnm. ""• A. Tlic thirkllcss „r th. The Cdiirt: !■ oiirlccii iiK mill below is sliooted, niualily llin l)cs| of my rccdlli'ctioii. T A. !•• '<• IS llicrc iinv iiiil pincrs, but nowhcr to say, that is i.f ciTiited fjie iiiuil-scniii ulso ncted f. fidjoiiiinji' it abovo and 1 -iliM'Ird til l| lis >llC( liiii. '""•■'■" ■'"•Ik's mid ih,. rock above '<■ '■Mciii ot a tool ,,r hvo I o' il- I -iiv, ii'Mti,,n oi' aiiv iic.-s, to •ll'l'"''!!'-^ Ill II (rrcMt iiiaiiv any iiii|iort;inco, c\ri iiiovcmciit aloiii;- it; that I'' ''I- iiidicaliiii: fiiat f 13 ' ^ <• Sliuhl ,.\; be force whioli 10 li'iil on fl )L'lo\v, rock iiuinodiatciv Tbc Court: Tl hi A. Y, "• IHAr |.,,i||t y,,|, to,,k was 111 '■ li'oii .Ma~k wii i/.c, wasii t 15 :\rr. l!od\\fll: T, luciition tliat a -bort d K' ii''>;i |ioini i. ih,. \,,. I I Viiiro S lar. '-'' '■ "'■-' of 17 III,. 1,1,1,1^ A. I will •I'Miii I'licoiniicix a 1; ir«o Tbc (' I'f: In tbe Inm :\Iask drift? A. Fi iiiiHl-M.;,,,, .iicoiintcrs a larp. dyke, perhaps Ki ,,r 11 part of ii, Init in " 'be Iron Ma.k drift, th 20 aliont liie laid.iio of this ,|yke itslrileen it in (his drift. It in.licatcs to niv iiiind a fissure, stril Kes a Ver- Innlted aloiiir tiiis vortical lissur e m a similar manner. '■'"" I'"'!''' "11 Westward 1 bave not ''•irly tbat the imid-s'am lias been 25 The Court: Xow, tl le Inrao dyke is the wiH 1 from tliis elbow west to tlie Xe. ,3 of lie same, bnt tiie tissur the ( aiown bir-'e dvke tliat ■0 !• Q. That dvke tl but it fl lat yon speak of is onlv one of s in the liriior oni' tbe two dykes. \. I Q. This is the first of those d ,vK-es, IS It; A. Y es, sir. 35 Q. The most easterly one? A. Westward, Q. Was th. ■re sonietbini!; more v my 111 t-iultei ind tbe mud-seam westward, the eont ou want to .say? A. X( inuation of tl ir proved to le iiiuil-seam has been 40 Tlio Court: I iiterriipted. A. Interr.iiit i^. -onie other ;daoe. ! have not been abl I'teil. yes, and carri(d on down e fo iiiid it in this drift from this point. IDS The Court: Tn thr Iron MusU .Inft wrstwiml i,, wliat puiiit liavc you not Ik'Cii al)l(' to fiml it^ A. Westwanl n( a |„,i,it lio ||.,.| west of 47. Mr. Dnvis: TIuto nr- one or two ^mwA (ini'slions | wiiut to u^k you be- fore yon Iciivc the Iron Mask wiilrr-cour-c ami iinnlMam. Till' \\'itno!ideraMy. as yoii have stated, from 3 to 4 inelies to. T tliirdc. the uid..si phi.^e you nientioned is al)out 11 inrlu'sr A. The wid.'st phu'e so far i> ahoui 11 inri„.s whieh I have (lcs(M'ilieU. Q. There is another ])]aee wliere it is wider than that '. \. V,.s, it goes up to two feet. Q. ^Vhnt sort of a thing is this nnid-se;nii, wli.it is its ;,',,,,!,, Mi,..d exphni- iition? A. It is a fraetnre in the n.ek; it is a plane ahm- whieh a fracture li:;s taken plaee. 10 15 Yes Q. If it had heen tilled with mineral it wonld he, ] snppo-e, a vein? A. 20 Q. Then it is the same kind of a fraetniv that yon tind in a vein? A. Exaetly. Q. Only the filling is ditVerent? A. Exactly. Q. Xo mineral matter. The Court: Similar to a vein fissure; A. Similar to a vein fissure, exactly similar to it, only it is not mineralized. Q. Xow, what is the nature of ihe filllno- that v„u lind in the nmd-seanr whatis the source of that fillinof A. The lillin- in the nunl ~ean: is an attrition jiroduct. Q. Explain what you u.ean l>y that? A, Simplv the rock of the im- mediate vicinity ground up by the compressing fnr.e which produ.'ed this plane Any stress, shearing stress of this kind, ,M'oducing fissures is necessarilv accom- l^niued by a great deal of breaking and shattering. Sometimes this shattered :'.one will be wider and sometimes it will bo narrower. In this case the shat- Kred material is from a few inches up to a few feet thick, and it follows the fissure or seam pretty continuously; it consists of ground-up rock from the im- mediate -vncinity simply. •^o 30 35 40 I'.llt T r„..n fro,,. ,l,o vinnity. fl,..t th. , k f-,,'.',! i ' ^ ' " ' T'- to a foot has l,....u Kroun,! up in ph.... "^ "^""" ^'■""' " ^''^ ' Yocki ip in I ^l 'I'liiit is, it is what was r,, A. incites """•> '■"'•1<^ A. \Vi,a, w,,, ,i„, ,„,„„f,,. Q. Botwoi-n 1 nnpintr iin.j 1',,ot wall „( tli (• llss lire A. ( g. Sn it in>iiti(l-iip. is not rurcimi umi fi'oiii the adjoining lrl\ A. () spare I. 11"! at all: it is simpiv n rouk 10 g. And then, it. I las (I eiiiirsc, that wat lieranse it eai'rie; water in a lunnher of .'I sort ot mud III places w er flows over places and the lil] A. "\'es, e\idciitl' iiles ihat til Hell we can ea-i Hii' ha- heen i 'eilii to le water lias heeii percMlatin- it, and V pick with your lianiiiK course from wlii.li the ui rioselv tliiil it has tunnel a rl r. and it indi conlijied U) this seam or mer could not verv well -jiread out lielow, hut i i-e water- I was mm oDemiic- Q. Xow, ij of as tlie mud- lien, id the water-course co-te -eam^ A. Yes, it for the >anie thi IS the sniiie tl nnitius with what y,,ii have spoko.. 20 UiX. n'^, only two ditt'erui 'flit names mnd-scam,' tl 'hi~altriti.,n mass/ A. I should not think it wotil •cam, or wliii lias :ive examined thi,-, han lilt is the seam containintr liive; it is solid rock. ing g. V)ier(! Would th '• nmd-seam nece.ssirily be? A. T don't know th J ijuite understand the question Q. It is a little indefinite hut it lias hecn said that the mud- t'T *'f the flat fault, and hy thit fault lias heen defined af> 30 ■scam is nt the se\eral feet w and above this solid rock, only but alony the sean some extent, the wat.M- cmld no, naturally pa.,s in any other pi ace 40 Q. So tliat tlie water would be bounded at the bottom bv the solid 1 suppose that is a thine? that it is not rock. tlia t the water at tlie botto necessary to ask about, but is that con-ect. in would be bounded by solid rock? A. Oh _ certainly. If the rock were not solid it would not liold the ves. water. 10 2(1(1 Q. U-Lat is tlK, six. „f tl.e attrition nuiss wiuH, vo„ say vari.^ at diffor- .nt tnnes fn,.u 2 to 3 .n,^ . to t.o feet, to what i. M. si.- of that attntiou ,„ass . u... A ,s pnn,an y due, I sl.„„ld say, r,, th. i,H.,,ualitios of the surface . ou« uhu-h i.e pnnnpal hreak was .nade; .h.. ,i,.,t, ,„,,ak, as the foree was ap- l.tt ie roel.s. As the foree co„,.nued its f.-icti,,,.. the.. ..cks ^..-ound one au-amst each her, as the sl„i,t n,oven.ents which l,av,. eviden.lv taken p],...,, „„der the mtlneuee of the n.oven.ents whieh have sud,h.nly taken piaee. and the ..tt.-i- Uon mass ,s the result of this grindin^r of th,. Mn^ven snrfaees. There ar,. also other causes winch might e, utrihute to its (hiekness, sneh as J,e hardness of 'the -■nely l,e loeal eoneentration of the fon.. and ^eveval „th..,- faeto.s like that, hut the principal factor is no douht the inequahlies ,,f ihe surface. Q. Can yon say whether or not ,i,ere has l,oen a very .rea, n,ovenn..t, or , , «hat movement ahmg this fra.-tnred plan,, eonslitntini,- the nu,d-s,>am ' V T have some definite inforn.ation on that point and it ..h.arlv point, to il,e f.et that there has heen an overthrnst. a rev,.r"n liavo a fault, a vovy slight throw like only approxiiiiarcs a few ind sort of rotatint VMt parts of a fault ma' : niovcnicnt, so that in some oilier ])la('es we may iiave a slight may have a slight reverse fault. H's. or at most a couple of i"' tlin,\,n iu diifi'vent direetions by a >1'"'''^ \v(. may have a Hat fault and noniial fault, and ill several other pi jilaces we The Court: Would it depend at all ,„, tlir ,■! n'ouii'li. w hetl u'V har.l or s^d't^ A. X,,. [ d,,u'i I'hinl. laraeter of the rock it passed ihal very mu(di; it W(mld depend entirely ,,n the r] ihe J'oree whieh moved the vein on this fault. It would depend on laracter and ay ii wa- uidvcd in or ilown, as revers,. tauh. if t|„. upper part of tl 10 vein ance ai)oVe the \( vein in hancinu '■III ihal was cut ott'^ A. The \ 'J"he Court: Bv the mud-> cam ; .V. Ves 20 'i'he Court: You would call it i| if the hanainc: wall has leii a rcvciv,. ta„if_ wdiild v. moved rel.atively to tlie foot \vall. A. Y The Court: Xow. iu lookiui: at tlie re] ami file luv ahove the .seam is ahove, tho oihoi' l„.lo\v tl that a reverse faults A. Yes, if I'ive positions of the vein as cut, le scam, would vou call 25 (illusi rating on blackboard). If this is the faiil here, and if von find the cout you will peruiit 1,1,. t,, illustrate it a moment iniiatioii of this ve fault. plane and if a vein comes down n here (iudicatino), then it is a 30 The Court: So it does not matter whether tl 111' liclow A. Kxactb le movement occiirreil above Q. And if it nil the other hand von find tli appears on it> sjdo. then it; is a normal faults A. And if cause this upper part has then slid down b\ laiigiiig wall down here, it is a unrmal fault b« nurse, if this may have been acconiplished l.v the foot wall I nioveincut in that direction. Of direct on, it is only a relative movemen moving up in that Q. In thi.s Iron ^lask drift or wate 1 heli(>ve; A. It does not. r-coiirse, the flat fault meets m > veins. 40 Tlicrenpon an adjourn iiieiit was lakeu ti ■M o clock p.m. ..tpiE^z^ga^ ->1 ^. S tfeli liu-j AFTERNOON SESSION. 2 MO o'clock p.m. AVALDEJIAR LINDGKEN-A witness f,„. d,.fc,ulant., on tl,c >taud. IIIRK( r EXAMINATION RESUMED. 10 35 20 X Bv Mi;. Davis- 25 Q. Before Avc o„ on witl. tiic tlat faiili. .\r,. I.iuoxircn. vou luiv.> some slides tliat I want to prove by you, although (h(^v will nut i,c us,,] until later, perhaps not at all. Tiiey were got chiefly for the puri^ose of shewing there were a number of dykes through this .lisputed tcrrit,,ry an,l 1 wish mendv to prove '^^ thi'innow. This box you lia\e handed me cmtains what ^ A. Fourteen thin sci'iions (tr thin slices of rocks. Q. I'rorn what were they taken? A. Tluw were taken fr,)m fourteen samples which were sent to me by Mr. Feirier ,,f this place. 35 no. Q. Had you anything to do with tiie takin- of ihem^ A. I ha,l not Q. "When and where did you first see them? A. I receive,! a paekaae aildressed to me. Q. How did it come, post or express? A. It cauu' by express and was 40 (Tel ivercd to mo by the agent, directly to me l>y the cxjiress agent. til n ' bv bei la wit Imd Wli The (hei oft hy t It if Yes, or si grce 21):; Q. How were they done up^ A Tlirv u-,.,.-. ;^ n i i ^„„i.,i „.,vi, ,1 , J. ^, ^ *■• "-"'y ^^'10 in ;i small wooden box fcealed with the se.d of the ixpn^ss company. Q. "Where was it you roeeived these' \ T ..„„• i u •ii Tin- ,,ffl,v. ;„ fl, <•,% * M- ,• ^"^^^- -^- I received these specimens .11 ni\ umcc in the < it\' of \\ asliuiiitoii. Q. What did yon do with them? \ T l-ent tl,,.,. „,, i i i t, 1 J. , , , ' .\. 1 Kept iiieiii unclcr lock and Icev b\ a firm in \V ashington— microscopical sections. Q. ^yeve yon present ^vhile rhey were beinn^ made? A. I wa. from beginning to end. Q. Did tliey ever pass out of your pes.ession? A. They did not. Q. -^fter the sections were made. «hnt did you do with tliem' \ I put them m a box and sealed tliem and kept them under lock and kev^intil I arrived here. Q. You brought them up lu^.e with you? A. I brouabt tliem here witli me. 10 15 •20 k 25 30 Q. And these are the ones? A. Those are the ones. Q. The liox of sections was marked DefenrJaiit.' Kxbibit 1?/,1. Q._ Xow, in going over the points at wliie], you saw tlie mud-.enm vou had arrived at Iron Mask drift and the water-course and had finished ti.at AUiat IS the next point where, vou saw it? A. ( IfefeiTiuff to the model) The next point is in Xo. 1 cross-cut south, Centre Star No. ■> run.u>l. I found it there a distance of 50 feet from the month of the cross-cut, from the beginning of the crosscut. It forms a small fissure about three or four inches thick filled by the usual fine aggregate of small particles, mud, practically. _ The Court: Ts there a number at „he month of that small cross-cut? A It is ^0. 51, yes. " V ?n . '^'-x ^'"'^ ^''"'^^" '^^'"' ^•■""^ *''^ '''''' ^^ f"'^' "•o^«-^'"t Xo. 51. A ^ OS .0 feet from it. At that place I do not remember an v particular shatterino- or sheeting of the country rock in the vicinity. It has its' normal dip of 30 de- 40 grees, as I remember it; and cuts at that place a vein shewinn- come 35 m Q. Allow mo to intoriTupt you one uu.unw. \VI„m. v,,,, .,M.nk of shat- tering anyv.l,orea in .•onnecti.,n uiti, tliis Oat fnnlt m v„u have .poken of, do you lu.'an uuythmsr uu,ro th»n slienrin^, and if so, what? A. No, I mean a jnint- mg or breaking up of the rock in the vieinity so m to shew tliat it lias been broken bv some force. 10 ]5 Q. Broken up in what wav? (■;,„ you explain it on tiie bhu-kboard so we will get a elear i.lea of what it Wi A. Tl,,. „nlin:,rv condition of the mud- team— and thiit applies to the majority of insianees whi..h I have scon— is a fissure dipping down this way, perliaps a litlb. more than I hav<. indicated it. nhout 30 on the average, whicl. is f,v„„ two to three up to six- and even 12 inches, in one or two places more, thick, in tlii< inanncr. Tids is tiilrd with what is generally called mud, that is, the finely grou-id-up country rock. Re- low it and above it sometimes appears in a number of pla,.,.s— not always but often— small fissures like this (illustrating on th,. blackboard), jointing,' shew- ing a slight jointing of the country i k, and sli..ctin-, without diminishing the solidity of the rock, the rock i^ perfectly solid and would not permit, the water to percolate through it; but it is enough to show to the eye that some sheeting, some disturbance of the rock, has taken place in the immediate vicinitv. Q. I interrupted you when you were descrilang the Hat fault ns it occurs in the No. 1 cross-cut south? A. (Refening to tlie model.) At this place it (uts across a small vein which has a dip of 40 degr-.'s, as T remember it. north, nnd which has a strike carrying it in the difvlion of the point 49. The vein is not dislocated or thrown by the miid-senm in any appreciable way that I couhl determine. Q. What vein do you tak(> that to be whirh y,,u have just mentione.H A. Tt is in the position of the Centre Star .\o. - that is to sa.v, it is about in the place where you wiuild exiurt to tind th.. vein hetwe.,, raise' No. -2 an,l in.line 30 Ko. 2 if it were prolongated in that direction. Q. And you s.iy it has a corresponding dip and strike > A. ('. A.' In that particular place that is about the only reason, except that the ore is verv similar to that found along that plane; in fact, very similar. The next place where I found the mud-scam Q. One moment, before you leave that place, ^fr. Lindgren.— You say that you can not find any displacement of the vein bv the mud-seam there? A. No. 35 40 k •_'((,. Q. Has the .nud-.enm had nny offrot „po,. t!.- v.i,, a, that point that you 'l" r" .. V ,'• ^' ^'"'"^ "" "'^'^'■' ^^•''"^-•'■'•= "-' - »" -V. the vein .hews Mbovf. ns thu-k nml ,m nmcl, solid ,-,ro rn i, ,lo,.. |,ol„w. Q. Docs it appear iimncliatoly nl>ovc and hohw^. A. Ye?. 'J'lio Court: In this crossn-ut ^ \ In this „. m-i ■• , ,.. . , "'• -^^ 111 till- ,.r,,-^-,. lit. Hiprc was a itt e Jntt run m here whon I was t imv.. for n distan f |- f ^ r i r .1 • ,. 1 ,. . . ' '1 .1 iiisi.uuc 1,1 1,, tcet I 1)0 hove it wng tlion. in a westerly dirt'ction. .\ikI that driff sl„.u ,i i ■ , very wolUndeed. '' ^""f ''-'^f ^1" ^- -he n„„| seam and the vein _ Q. The next point is what^ A. The next point is in Cen-re Star No. ^""""■- ,",••"'' '7';'"'' '-■ •"— - the vein Ui fee,. I .h,.uld ^ay, troiii iji,. hotloni (,| the Centre Star N',.. -j tunnel. ,,„.v"l'"r: ^"^ ;;-^- star X,,.. shafts A. It eats across Centre Jar No. . Shalt or inelme at this ph.ee. It; fee, al,„ve the bottom of Centre Mar No. 2 tnnnel a about this place (in,li,.atin. „„ ,lie model,. At tlia, place ,he niud-seain is well-define,l, ha.s a dip .i-^-l will hav. to rctVr to mv note look lias a strike appi.xi.natdy eu-t and wes, and a dip of 28 decrees to the south! h iick.icss ot the mud or ,•. nd-i.p ,iia„.i.ial in it is S,ni .-. u, W inches And there IS no exto,is.-e shattorin. of sheetin. „f -he rock, as far as I rcnembe; II- ._o.-k below the miid-seam-troni the mnd-seani to ,he bottom of the drift- -■ontains a goo,! many joints, however, but is fin,, a,i,| soli,|. The mud-seam doe. no senu to have-there does not seen, to be an;- cnan.e in ,l,e vein above and bi'low the miid-seam. The Coiiit: Where i- ,h;t^ A. At this place. Xo. , shaft. The vein ,. poor above and below: it d,ews bntidics and little streaks of pvrrhoiite am- .■halcopvnh. above and b..|ow the n.nd-s,,,ni. It i, p„„r above and b,.|ow. Q. AVhat displacement, if any. did you notice their? A. T conld not . ■•-•mine any displacement. There is simply a wi,|e. heavv niineralixation diewn at that place, and there is nothino-,,., .|cli„itc p„i,its'bv wl,i,.|, to de- •'•nnim. displaeeni..nt if any such took place. The next point i> before \o 4 raise. 1 he mud-seam whieh cuts across the Xo. -2 incline at Ihis pla,.e continues ,'nd necessarily connects with this dyke as shewn bv this trianale. an,I ue-es- sanly cuts X"o. 4 raise at this ixa'nt. The Court: At a corresp,,iidiii.o- |,eio|,t ,m the X,,. ■> raise' V The ••".•respondiuo. heii-ht on Xo. 2 raise, ves. 1 exaiuin..d it at Xo. 4 raise" The vein shews above and below. It is rather heavy below, I think two feet of more or less sohd pyrrhotite. Above it is some^vhat poorer, hut the vein is still there. . "' ■! -'■:iiii I- oil,. fiMii, and tiii'rc is a ]() 'I'lie Court: At whici Idcniitv ri: ■ht tl 1 pnrliciilnr pli '. .\. At .V,, •> 1' rai.-c, al)Miit tin uro. Tho (^iiirt: And di I'ovo tho iii'tnal niiid-scain at tiii~ 1, ^nrds? A. And .lownwan!,-. \c<. 'j'luv.- f cot pi'otty distinct, wldeh is sonicwliat tliittcv: it can nut |„ cality i- aiKithiT -cajn, very Miiall, Imf -till iind-.eenm, hnwcvcr, it is very distinct. I The Cuiirt : Docs it cnt the .\( cnnfiiiiudi itii til nnlv niciiliun if i.i place it on nrord. hero cnts the little s( nprai-^e at nil; .\, Yes, the i Mini •2U am alidve it. ciit^ the X The \"in, howevof, here i- pour. >■ - rai~i' and cut* the vein. Tho Court: Yon mean lie|n\\ ^ A. 'i'li e vein is pnur iiTiiive and hel The ('yrrlii)tite Q. Wliat aliniit di-plac( ineiit at thai points A. Then i~ no (lis]>lroe- it that I ooidd measure, and had there lieen a .-liuht di~|ilacement 1 w,>iihl 30 pmbahlv jiave been luuible tn drtermine it, lecanae tlierr> i< im ilata friiiii which in iiie.'isure it. Q. At this ])lnee the -ime as at the other places yon mention here there 35 was no apparent displacement; eould there have been anv L (ilacement without your noti cinu it; ii'ii'c amount id" d A. Oh. no. 1 should think not; it iipossible in fact, because it would have thrown the vein so that you would find a distinct break; you would find vein material eoniino' up beloAv and vou would lind barren country rock above if there had hecu a larue throw. Certainlv there has not boon anv such throw as that. 40 Q. At that point doi-s the mud-seam have any effect on the veiti that you fould see? A. N'o, it does not. As I said, the vein is poor above and behiw. 207 The Court: Tlie di.posc. citlu'i Mr. Davis: Yos, cither townrd the f,, 't wmII iir h:ii luiiii;- \v:il A. (Contiiniing.) The no\t point slation 48 Centre Star north (h'ifr. Ti point at whirh I f.,un,l the iiuu ~eaui is at iiuid-seam as exposed ahove in inclination Xo. 2. 1 irianp-le which I hold. At station -I's it measinv lat i~ in liic direct (•iiiitin\iation of ti 11' ' ( ics iliiwii jiisi iilhnuh! 10 discrvc alio\c (ir hdow; the rock is ■am. At this ol vein which extends nearlv vt'rtical, whirl place, namclv. station fs. ir cut? I Is I'ariMw. ,,iilv 1 think, of solid ore, of soli Ironi l' to (1 incite; d pyriiiotite. The ( 'ourt: A si .,arat e \-ein : A. V 15 c>. a separate vein. Q. What vein is this t lai IS cut: the Iron Mask vein. At the place where displ iicement ajiparcntly in tlie way of t A. That is a vein that T take to he it cuts thi< vein the \-ein shews a sliiiht le iidi'iiia I fanl few inches, or a foot, possil>l\ '• III- iiiih', liowevi •f. -^ 20 ^ '[he Court: That is in ( tn ( '('litre Star ground a> \-oii Yes, but it is the continuation of the [run Mas are shewiim- it; A. mc Jicated in that direction into ( cnrre S k vein. I he In.ii Ma-k ■tar gnuiiid. 'i'lie niud- 48 to 47 for a short distance, and Ik voiid that ix \e:n licmg shews from o; ■oiiig westward it is not seen for a loui distance, passing evidently in the han-ing alios,-, in the ro(d', I should This would ahont reprcM'iit the ;i,.nKil phn f ihe mud- sav, ahove the drift. seam. Q. Tin iioint 4s von refer to is on Centre S tar I untie' A. Yes. 30 Q. At 4^ \-(ni sav there is a slight displacen'cnl, normal; A Y( 35 Q. Outside of that slight displacement, has the mud-seam had any effect, or file tlat fault as it is called, any eilect up(m tli(> vein Avhicli it cuts; .V. Xo, it has not. The vein is very narrow, and [ should sav the onlv ditference is thai iihove the mud-seam it is ratiu r narrow — it is two or three inches — and lieh the mud-seam if is pretty thick, about six inches. Hut otherwise, that niiu'ht happen at any displacement. ?\ow going westward tli(> next |ilace T find it is ill .Vo. 3 raise. At that place it appears between sectiims 4-_' and 48. The Court: Xear the dividing line of the Centre Star and Iron ;^^ask? \. At tliis phicc tlie mud-seam appears as a fight seam in the foot wall on the 40 • ^xii&:liJL&aSLi^i 1!()8 .ontl. .i.le of the drift and .h„,u l, foot ahovo tlu- Lotto,,, of tho drift thoro is . httle l.n of ra,se thore as indi.-atod hero, ..o,ni„. „p ,,,,„„„ i, f,'', Q. ^Vlien voii sav "tiL;!,? scniii" vmi mrn., tl, ,. • , , . A. T].ere is no fu.d Shewing ti,..,.... ' " '^ "" """' ^^"^"■"'«' *'"-'^ ;r'- <'-rt: Xo. 3 raise then ,1 .„„ „ ,., , ,„ ,,^ ,^„,.,, ^^ ^,^,^,^ ^^ 5 I e- . A. ^o. 3 ra.se ,s about l^ feet i,i,.h. ves. But oa tite north side of . e . o: , s,de of th. sanje ra.se the ,„ud-sea,u i,„.,.eases i,. ti,iekness to about 3 4 nu ,e.. 1 „,eutK,n tins su„,,lv Le.ause I vas i„ .li,h, ^ouht wl,ether it ^vas ''';; """ ■"^""' ;""' •" f"""-»^' i' '-1' arouud the n,i,.. to tho uonh .id... it widened out and pi^eseuted the usi,.d ehn,.aeteri^ii,.s nf ih,. ,m,.l-sean,. ^^ Q. Wlien you sav IS feel — X.). •' imj-,. j. 1 ^ f,.,., 1 ,• „ f ., . • ' • - i.uM 1- 1"^ loot— 1|,, vdu i„eai) fro,u tlie hotton, of the tunnel^ A. Imy,,,, tho l,ott..„i „f tlie l„„„ol. Q. Xow, xvhat about sheariuu at thai ,,ni,„ who,.. ,v„„ saw the n.ud-seaui' 15 A. Ihere is no sheariug that 1 ean re„,e,„l,or ai all. I dm,-! ,v„,e„d,er any. Q. It cuts no veiu there, does it? A. Ves, it does; it ,.„ts the vein wl,ud, i have reason to believe is t1,e enutiuuati,,,, of th,. [,■,,„ Mask vein as -hewn in tlie 'entro Star nortli drift. Tlie ( 'onrt: Then tlie iron Mask vein does appear, ^ou sav, in tlie Centre Sta,. no,ll, .Irift? A. T do. yes; tha' is. the iron Mask vein in niv belief. "But il shews nfi dish.eation thaf 1 can obs.Tve. The vein is verv s„,all the.v: ii. faet only a sean, as far a-^ I ean obsei ve tliere is „,, dish, ration. ■|'he Court: Ts it admitted that tliat is the Ii-on ^rask vein thei'e? !^^r. Davis: I do not know, n,y Lord. ^\v. Bodwell: \'o, it is denied. A. (Continniug.) Ti,is is the n„ly pjnee for son,e distane.> in wl,ie]i the mud-sean, appears as ],oth east an.l wst of Xo. :! raise, ft neeessarilv wouM .•onic al)ove the roof of the Centre Star north drift. Q. AVhere do you see it next? .V. The next pla.'e vo„ see it— I be- luvo the next plaee I irave was in Iron .Mask winxe 25 feet fn'.ni the eollar; tlie Tron Mask east winze 25 feet fron- the eollar of th.^ winx(>. At that ],laee tlie dip IS 31 degrees to the soutli and the thiebiess of attrition material is 10 inelies. Q. What about shearing? A. I have noted no shearin- an.l T can not remember any taking place at that place. Here it cuts a vein which I believe to !"■ the Iron Mask vein. Tlie strike of which f,.ll..wa this red drift. 25 30 35 40 *. ^/iL 2U1I Q. Tlio iron Mask east drift? A. Tlip T 'J'ho Court: Just liclo^v tlio sinpc^ .\. iTiii ;^^^sk cast drift. hi-t it is tlio Iron "Nfask voiu; it is adi nittccj, 1 l„li •clow tlio stopc. Ill fact, down 20 or 25 foot in ti where it strikes tlie nnid- 10 wiuzo until it st riko: ■oairi it i-: in t ho vein ciMi he followed liis mud-soiini. At that place rxtrenio north side, in fact, on the iidrlhia'^tc uard, the Iron Mask vein is not visil If himiiini;- (if the wiii/c; that is. ill tlie I'o corner and from there d >u' ai'v more, The ( onrt: Of own the winze A. V. tniiee anyway. And I believe that the Iron M ing of the winze so that it would noi he vwih wn the winze, f or some dis- lias taken place — I mean to sav a sliaht t'nnlr 1 i~k vein there ffoes into the haiii;'- '•■ 1 think a slight reverse- fault 10 the Iron ^fask vein lielow tl las taken place, liy means of which [ingini;-. That Avould suilice ti le inud-seani nas l,een thrown a few iiici ics in tlu th ) carrv it fr^ 'oin oi)-iervatioii The Court: That is Ik low tl i(> mufl-seam; A. 15 Q. Did you jiick in lielow the mud-seam at th It poll 1 1 ; Was that vou picked IS It 111 there A. I picked in just ahove the mud-seam, and 1 fmind The Court: In the Iron Afask A. In th the Iron Ma^k winze. 1 foiuul northeast corner of 20 ore llieri', I'S down to the mud-sei i;i' that the Iron .Masl. K vein im Q. liclow the mud-seani did xnn tind i' A. I came down in the Iron Mask drift G9. I"l it find it iinlil I le reason |',,r ihat is thai the wii ly.e IS 25 not exactly as shewn here. The wall is curved this way. southward, so that th winze is temporarily ohscured from the view. The Court: Hent? A. Xo, the vein is not Lent, hut the wall is bent. Q. Did yon find any ore in the Iron Mask winze below tlu^ mud-seam 1 deal of or(> at a pl.\ce 10 feet 30 n-e ('9 east drift!' A. I found tiuite a C'oik above station IG, which would be about in hero where [ hold ferring to model.) my pointer. (Re- Q. ^Vhat I want to o'ct at is, how far below the mud-seam do you find that ore? You say you found some ore in the Iron ;i[ask winze below the innd- scam. How far below the niudseain is it? A. 1 do not reiueuiber exactly. (It is 25 feet from the collar down to the inud-seam: tlie total de])th is CO feet, I heli"ve; that would give o."), and then from that bottom of this drift up there i- 10 — )well, I should say for about Ki or IS feet. 40 Q. Have you your notes on that, My. lAmh (-hewn much better on a section here. A. This tl nno: IS iht 15 ■20 210 Q. Well tMko a so-tion tlioM. A. (lW,.m„.. to .octiou (1-11) This IS a porpona.cular sec-tion tl.ro„,l> t],o win.e. rKxhihif 'M ..t. 1 tl t T could tracv ,hc Iron Mask vein dnw,, u, rhv unu\ c ^ Tf ■ , T^ , .earn, and fron, here on ' ""' ' '"^ ''"^''"'' ^'"' "'"^l' 'I'lie Cdurl: From tlio iiinfl-M'nm on' \ v,. u i , ^ Q. TliMt is wliiit 1 waiilcil to oet at? A Y ■< The Conrt: Then vou n.a.lo that litfi,. sn,- tl, . h.s I.e.. sp.kn, „f M.o.v^ limt place has lieon spoken of as a sa.c'? A. Yes Q. Then you fonnd ore l.oth ahove and !,elou- tl,,. winze? A [ fonnd evel of the Iron Mask dr.ft and Ik>1ow 1 ,..o„i,l „ot trace it continuously. W tlie imid-seam down to the (li) east drift. Q.^ What ai,o,.t sheaWng ahove and l.low ,1„. „uul.ean. in the Iron ^I.sk .•u.ze? A. J here . not anv shearing in W,:,, locality that I can ren.em- t'L'l tit fill, Q Where do you see it next? A. The next place I think wonld be in ^^ the bottom oi Centre Star No. 3 shaft. Q. Describe the conditions there and of the bottom of Centre Star Yo 3 shaft '. A. At the bottom of the ( Vntre Star No. :i shaft the mud-seam cuts M.rnss aboiu 8 or 10 feet fr.uu the actual bottom of tiie shaft itself It is per- ^^ haps best exposed nn.lcr the caster., side of the shaft-the eastern side r,f the pit ot the shaft I misht say. And it has at this place a dip of frouL 3:1 to 35 degrees, and a thu-kness of yi"^ ;'""'-t^; ^Vhat height did von sav it was fron, the bottom of the 35 shatt. A. (Kef erring to notes.) Kight feet above the bottom. The mud- seam is abont a foot wide, I should say. and consists of the usual soft attrition material. It ,s shewn across the shaft and the sides, and can bo traced up to- ^vards the dyke on tli(> west sii,lc .,f tlin Xo. :i shaft. And iiKiiiii wall uf \\u- ('( iitiv Stiir .Vo. ;? \vl IICll Tlie Court: Ila^ tluit Imcn prinsid \,y tl„. dvko? A. That. union. hn-- not bf'cn caused by tliu dyke, Imt liv a anl has taken plaeo i\\i>u<^ \]\v dyki in my aiiliM'(ni(?nt dislocation whicii (). -Inst explain what you mean liv that, Mr. 1. dyke itself did not cauae any very grea*^ dislocnti cation has ovidently taken place, a disl which was siihseqnently opened in this dyke. iiid<;reii? A. Tiio on, ill my opinion, lint a dislo- oeation 111 sdiiie nidiiieiit aloiiu' a ])laiie 10 The Court: liy a splittinif id' th of the dvk( A. liy a -|ilittiiiii-, .is it wen 15 The Court: And then dividiiii:' the niaiii dyke into two dykes^ A. is new inovenieiit took place It irreuiihiritv in Dividinti the main dykes into two, really; and a.s tl alone,- this splitting', this motion has prohaMy eaiiseil this slial the dip of the nnid-.soani, and the walls of the Centre Star Xo. 2. 20 The Court: After all, the hend upwards is due ti. the jiresence of the dyke there f A. Yes, it IS. Q. It docs not matter how the dvke was treated liv nature afterwards? 25 A. Y( Q. This consists of two dvket A. Y( Q. A donlile dyke with enuntrv hetwei .V. Y 30 (I !)( > you mean from what vmi said a iiiuiiieiit ayo that the dvke was oriiiinally one dyke? A. Oh, n,); tliere are two distinct dykes; 1 have only vefi'iTcd to one of them. T have i!e\-er distinctly and exolicitly referred to tlu' western dyke yet; but of course, it is there. Q. Then tliere is a line of fissnrini;- lielween tlioM' two 'l\kes. i.- there? A. Well, the actual fissure and the place where it is piM'hajis best exjioscd, near point 47 in Iron Mask drift, is really in the easterly dyke; Imt it does not follow that it always will occupy that piisitinii. The lissiire may ]»ass out of that dyke and pass between the two dykes; that is possible. 35 40 Q. When von used the words "Iron .Mask drift" 111 vour answer, vou meant the Iron Mask tunnel, did yim not: lie .Star mpliiic n iiui-< ..f ,,rc, an ,,iv sti • , r . i; i i .• , . ,, , , . ..111(11. -ni ,lk (it s,p|l(| |.-T|||nt|t.. HUM ''"7 "^ ' " '"" .t;'"- ' '^ '"■'•'"'1'^ ' '• '• -w.> ui.i,.. „ ,•„,„ ,„„i „ i,,,f. ,, p.rhn,,s I,„nu..lmt,.lv l...l„w ,1,.. nn„l-..,n„. wln,.|, i, |,„,,, ,|„.„ „ ,,„„ ,|,.,,^. Villi will tinil tlic .'.mtimintiMii. TheC.iirt: Winit pla... miv v,,m siM^iki,,.. „r imu-' \ I, i- .ti\.^.„^ -1 r ,,. .i.MM^ .n now. .\. I mil spciikini' f ho o,Ht H,.l. . von.. L.r slup. ,.f ,1,„ X,.. ;; ,,.,it,v Su. inHln.. „, Mi,, v..,.; l..M..m--n,.t, at tl... vory ho.toni, l.„t, ,.i^I„ f.,., ,,„.,„ „,„ ,„„,,„,, ^ r,lncc that solul pyrrhot.to is f.„„„l i,„„u.,liat,.ly l,..l„w tl,.. nnwl-s,. ,„,i„ ... P..0.1 on thn onst si.le ..f tlu. shaft. I, h,.,... ,•„,,,„ , ,„„,, „,„„„ „„,,„, ^^^ ;, iind about IS inchoi tliick. Q. WliMt,lo,v,MM,.,.nnl,yl,.i,u^^ I > mm.I .low,, ,1,,, ,|,,ft > \ ,,-x„.,„, .,.m.,. ami down th. .haft, aiul al„„„ K; i,„.|,... wi,|,. a,„l nnu.inn- o,',,' („ ,', noi„t at that .iHtan..,. al>„nt thir,. f...., Ivl,.u- tho nin.l-M.am. I, i- .im,,!,- , „;,„,,, .•losing up, th.. natural oiulin- of that parti..„hn- h,„ly nf s„li,i ,„•... ' Tl,.. Court : It K-.'s .h,wn to a p,m,f t,,wanl> tl,,. I,,„t,„„ „f tl,.. .haft' \ Jt IS not a po.ut hanlly; it is ,.all„.r „f ,, ,...,n,|..,| f,„.,„. ,.„!„.,. a n.,u„l..,l point/ " Q. What .lispla<.,.UH-„t n( ,|,,t o,... l.y tl„. ,in„l ..a,,, i. li,..,.,. if a„v' \ By .•onipann.u- tho s..li.l pyrrhotit.. ah,.v,. an,l l...l„u- ih,. „„„i-...„„ i, iV.,,,' apparont that a rovorse fault has takt.n plai.|.. 10 15 20 ^ g. Ahoul how uHH-h? A. Ahou, a f„ot an,la half, a ,li.l,„.ath,u of ahout a foot an.l ahalf ; so that helow th.. ,nn,l-...a,u y„„ fi,„l tl„. soli.l pvrrhotite i.hout that (listan,..., a fo.,t ai„l a-hal/ f„rll,..r m ;h.. south ,ha„ vou w'ouhl ,-,- \Avt it if no .lislocation had taken place. ;)0 (I Ihii. the u.u.l-seau, hinl any oth..,' ,.tlV,.i .,n tl„. v,.i„ at thai p„u,l ihui th,. .hsloeatiou you have u,.'miu,i,.,n A. N,,. ,, has ,„„ that T ,.an son. ;!r. (i. What ah.Mit the. extreme hottom ,,f the shaft its,.|f unw< What have " vo,. to say ahout that^ A. After e.xamiuin- tl„. hott,.n, of th.. shaft h,.low Ihis mass of solid pyrrh..tite whi.-h its..lf i, l„.i,,w th,. nin,|-M.|,n 1 f. nu.l .,nnll M,ass(>s of pyrrhotite and ehal...ipyrit... 1 found th.-se tu-„ minerals a.-'oiupanv- ^^ m\ hy quartz and f.,riniu,- , ,1 or., in the v.M-y i,orth..ast -onHT ,.f the hot- l-m ,,f the shaft, an.l praotieally at a liiil,. h,.low, 1 .|,oul,| sav, il„. drill hole w!a<.h. united the hotfoin of the .-^haft with tho (V-ntre Star Xo! •' nim.e! I/^.^-**"' MH <2. Tlial is. Ill tlii-- liiil,. ..ni>s(.ut In iM'iir ^iiitiiiii CS; tlu> (li^fniii I'roni flu- ycllnw .hii't inar (l> i-^ 'iiilv 11 few fi A, In I li- Hull' cnwH-cnt licro I"''"' "^ l"t" lllr |.il <:( til,. -Lift ■•■'• mill II 'li'ill IkiIi- liiis Im'i'm 1m. red Tho Cuiii't; Tl l:il i> ill ill,. ( ' ii'i'c .>Miir !uiiiii.|< •Mr. Davi-; The (' ■Hire S(;ir IKH'lli ,\y\\ I, It I- cil I' M, lit ^llllliill (IS. <.V Wliiit If III) Villi SlIV ||> fii I from till lotliiiii of the liiii t'liult IlllllCI'llll/iltlllU ic c-Miiiiiiiiiiy nil, I Milicrwis.. iif ll"\Vll In ill,, hnllnlu ,,f ih,. V,,, :; i,„.|i,„. shaft? V llicr.' IS <'initiiiii,.|is iiiiiUTiili/iitiiiii, iiml fi'nni tl K'l II I iiiciitiiiiicij ihiit, 10 '"'="f '" ''■ '">''fl"'"^f ''ii'i' wliiMV I f.,„l„l til,. s„li,l nviThotit,. „,„1 then, triii'iiiji .ml Hi,, nii'k mi t 'imi ClIlllCiiilN'- An it- II' -lllllf ll.Vcl nil til,. Ilnrlli vjil,. ,,t' tl le Tiic Ciiirt: Of X,,. .-j slmft^ \. y,„ | f, mill •"! feet of cxci't'diimlv lii;.lilv iiiiiirriili/i'il nirk iml ii width of alioiit 2 ^•'' The Court: Wlioir U t\nti S>-av tlio l.oti.ini ,,f lii'low til,' iiiuil-sniiin. iiMil a,'i'o-s till' iicirth > •liiit? A. Tliat IS nil' <>\ llir ~||Mtf. (). W'lirrc is till- 11, '\l |iliic(. ymi tind If, \ n T would like to iiii'iitinii rit;)it In vi'. 20 MTf arc two (iiluT points Q. W».|i. o.„ „„, M,.. I.in.jo,.,.,,. A. l;,'l..\v ill,. iiiiid-M.aiii tl slicptin^' shewn in this locality, in tin- pit of ih,. ^haft; in fart, it. iiarkc^d, Imt the rock is alisolnli.lv soliih th ii'i'e is sfjnie is ipiitc well '2.J it is simply slieetinfr such as is si ■ve is no di.-locatioii wlmtevor of (■nilizeil rock, it ,.\tends f u'Wii ill many other placi-s. Hut as to tl ic lUltl- lifilit up aloni;side th,' shaft. I wani,.,! I'om .. place ii,.ar lli,. drill 1„,1,. l„.l,,w tl to Niy that 1 iraci'd tl -that heavily mineralized i k. riitia.r, j should siv uii( le miKl-soaiu lilt or,' eoiiilnu- il it was ahruptlv 30 lit off liy th,' ,lyko on the welainly indicateil tiv aliundanf ,|ll:irtz, ..-ecuiidai'y mica and pYritr- Q. What is th,' II, •Ni plac,. where you vv — IS at station 1,' next 'X. oe- lie Q. That i.s on tl le vellow loveH A. On the vello,\ lev,'!. It is fr oi>l to there. Thai is, of course, a littl,. lu'low th,. mud -cam >1 lewii ill the liot- Uiiii of the shaft, bociuiso the mud-seam iiatnrally dip- down to th,. south 40 (i. What is the condition of atTairs tl A. Wi.Jl. at th lint 1- 1,.,.t \v,.«t of station S-.^ i find th- imd-seaui tlippiit^' :'.T degree- and indicated hv a few inclu'B of attrition material; IT) feet west of :\8, jS beiiii;. there (in, licati in:' lil 1 on motlel) would lio almut tl tion there, too, that tliiTo is a little cnlcit place besides the usual— ns place (iii,li,.atin:, i. And 1 ilijnk I should men- -•nrrinit alimi; the umd-seam at that The Court: That is d< (indioatiufi- on model) ^ A. Yes, your l.or(l> a]t]ieai's in the lower part here (iudicatii 'wn her... H it, ii„,i i, ,,,„, ,i„,,„j,.|, !„.,.,> f,, fi U're liili, riuht at that pi place, and then Q. In the roof of the lower levels A. Yes (.}. At point :]8? A. At point :;>^. 'I 1' eastward, at a point 10 feet west of ;{'.» wl on model), would be a litle further on on th 111- continues out a short distance (indicating). I found a mud-seam al to the south. lich wonlil be about, in there (indicariui. •ame level, ))erhaps about there Hint a toot thick and di pping .")() deii're(>- 10 15 Q. In the yellow levels A. In the yellow level. Ar th tersects a seam of ore, an or place It lu- re seam whi(di dips about 45 degrees to the north ^ The Court: I suppose it appears that X... :i'.t (>ast drift is away above the mud-seam and clears it? A. That clears it cntirelv. 20 Q. And only appears in the winze liere^ very bottom of the winze. At that place thi' inu( hotite. .Y That only appears in the ■cam cuts a seam of ^■olid pyrr- Q. What dislocation does it cause tlier( th A. It si lews an exceec Ihvrh 25 veil marked dislocation of 22 inches, I bcl leve I nieasiircil it. Q. Xoruial or reverse A. \l Tl le ore abo\-e. iu the verv roi bill \-ei'y rapiclly narro ws. as tlie is about three feet thick and solid pyrrhotire niud-seam is apju-oaelied, and below the niU(l--cani, or just above the mud-seam, ratlier, it is about two t'eet wide; ininicdiatcly below th that same solid ore a]>pears, about 10 inclirs wide, j-hcwiim' coin 30 c mu(l-s(>am inuini;' nar- rowina'. (^. TTow wide is the mud-seam at that point; A. The mnd-^ cam at that e ;aet place that I refer to i low (consulting nieniorandiim book) is three inches wide, there is three inches of attrition material: below it the rock >lid; Iv Is practically a bsolutidv solid; all ive it, for a ili>tance of two feet, the rock i> considerably broken, until you come two feet above this iiind-seam to a soli roof, which has a somewhat tlu'tei- ,|i|i than the mnd-^cani it-elf. 40 Q. Xow, that body of pyrrholite abov- that you speak of. does that c<:n ight down to the hanging wall of the mud lown to the hanging wall of the mud-seam. seam ; A. That come-, ri -lit ^^i^CI4 A. The riext place I found it is in the b„ttom of the winze, leaditig d.>wn from the Centre Star 59 east drift. Q. Just des..ribe the condition „f affairs theiv. please, and tlte condition of affairs :n the bottom of the win/.e below the mud-seam also? A. I believe 1 mentioned this morning that the nv,- follows down the win/.e ••ontinuously that is to say, that is a continuous seam of solid ore. solid i)yrrhotite and ehalco- jyritc, accompanied by more or less quartx and .itlier vein matter. Th(> Court: You mean to say d.,\vn to ,,r down beh.w the nind-seam? A. Down to the mud-seam. Immediately abov,. the mud scam. :i .,r feet iihove the mud-seam, th.it ore streak, which is perhaps one foot thick there, wid- ens out and .diews, perhaps, 2 or 3 feet of solid pyrrhoiite. When it comes down to the mudaeam, however, some country r.ick appears in this solid mass again, SM that just at th(^ mud-seam the total width of the pyrrhotite is altogether only about, perhaps, a foot and a-half or two feet. What 1 meau by this is, that just exactly as the seam wid<>ns out above so it contracts below ly the appearance of inasses of rocks which have not been altered or changed. The Court: This is breadth you are talking about? A. That is in breadth, yes. TheCotirt: On the dip to the north? A. On the dip to the north, yes. Q. How wide is the miid-seam there? The Court: You mean to say, "Mr. Davis, how thick or wliat? ilr. Davis: Yes, my Lord, hnsi.ts of ,:w.Kl-up vern n.at C, ru.tv o,.l,„vd. At th. pla,.. rl.at i,'u' the western ade of the bottuzn of the wu,., ,!„ „,„d-seam i. ,,ni„. n.ar ,lu. .etual bottom. Below It, however 5 Tl.o Court: Do ,yo„ .nean the actual l,ottnn, of the winze^ A. The actual bottom of the win/e, yes. P.elow it, liovvever, ore appears Q. When yo„ ar.. sp,.akinfi' of the actual l,ottou, -d' f <■ wiuze. Mr hind- gren, you art spealanj.'. I suppose, as the wiu/x was ou Saturday? A. I was. 10 (^ Yon have not seen the win/e since auy work has heen doue on it' A 1 have not. And helow the u.ud-seau. soli.l ore and hunches of chalcupvrife and pyrrhotite again appear at this i,hicc The ( o,,rt: \on had hcter „ve ,h,. nuud.r of feet, so I will have the same idea of ,t m the future; „herwisc, it u.ay he ndx.d up with the other evi- dence. How many feet is that helow the n,nd-sea,u? A. luuuediately below the nmd-seam and at the hottou. of tl„> wiu/.e. verv uearlv, 1 mh, s|„,,ki,',„. „f 15 The Court: Well, how far in feet or i •iflics; A. Half a foot, nuivbe. The (^onrt: Half a toot iuuiicdiatelv hchnv the niud-seanC \ lui- niediately helow the unul-seani. The ore heains a,uaiu aud is exposal at that partieidar , r ahont six iucdies or whatever it was. The Court: ('mil it ira.'hes the bottom of the win/c as it was ,ui Sat- urday? A. As it was on Saturdav. 25 The Court: That is, last Saturdav, two days a-o^ A. Ves. .Vow then, 1 traced this n material aiiiieariuii in it. am! just as it is liable to any place. Q. And above it was wider, and below, tne f u'eiiiu material beiiiff out it was narrower? A. E.xactly; althouirli the forei<.m material being below, it ;'««"■ '.'17 brought in some sul|.l,i,l..s l,c.|„ni:i„p ,„ a,„l i„..lu,l,.,i in ,1,.. uu.ss. whl..l. often linppens. Q. y. II s,y the hottnm of the ui,u.., as it was on Saturchtv, was in ore^ A. In ore, ves, sir, very decidedly Q. WllMt d.splaeeiuent was th.Te ,„ the vei„ l,v 11,,. ,n„d-s..am in the bottom of tl.e winz<.< A. The dis|,hu...nH.nt. n.ea^nred hv th.- appearinu'e of the ore along the western side of th.. U,iUnn of the win,e, was, 1 .houhl jndac, •ihoui 18 inelies. '1 he nieasnr..nient ll,er<. is. iiouvver. snl.jeet to s.,me little un- certainty, i,eeaiise th- nmd.eain is vry wid..; it is two f,.,.t wide, and ore bodies ^^ of eours,., rapidly ehange their outlines; hut il appears verv proi,abh. tiiat the dislocation was ahoiil IS iMch..s, in the sense of a reverse,! fanlt; but a nuudi better way of ni<.asuriiia' th<- .lislocatim, is atfordd hv the han-in..' w-nll of the winze. 1 he wmzo all the way down has a very well marke,! ban-inu- wall with Ihe ..rdmary dip and strike. WTien von eonie to the bottom of the winxe this ^^ same wall appears again below the mnd-seani; l.nt. insfeasition. which woiibl. n{ course, coincide with ihc position il has above, it is th-own about 1.5 ineh.^s or a foot and adialf southward, >hewing that the "liauir- iiig wall at that place has been subiecied to a reversed fiidt 20 Q. Have you more tlian one plane there that you can nanye that displace- ment by? A. Xo. Th.'re is only one hanging wall, as I venuMnW it It is a very distMU't one. howev.r. F have describe.l the niu,l-s<.ani on the M-estern side. If yon wish nu' to, I will n,,w take up the easteiii sid... (.1 Yes. if yon pleased A. The niiul-M.am coutiune,. across the bottom of the win7.e. and to the eastern side it raises a little, so that the bottom of the .vmze IS further below the hotlom of the mud-seam at that place than it is at the wcsfrn side; tile mud-seam is here not ,piite as thh'k as it was on the other '.idc- ab..Ht a foot thick, r should say. soniethinir . ke that, when it eonu-s to a dvke 30 uinch r desenbed this morniug, and which appears on th.- eastern side of 'the bottom of the winze, wdiere it b,.conu.s mn,d, narrower; and the s,.,,,,. the mnd- seaiu. goes tlirough the ,lyke. showing that the luud-seam is a later dislocation —a later fissure, and goes throni;li it. Q. Is it vein with the Iron Mask vein in these workings^ A. L have foiiiirl s,.veral ,if them two of them— three of them. 40 i'if<'*'j A 21li Q. \Vlier..al.oufH arc th.-y, first, nud then you can describe ti.e.a? A. 1 K. hrst .uterseH.on „t ,he fw„ veins is u, ,l,e ..,.■ or ,..■:„• ,1.... end .,f tl.e Iron Mask upper dntt. I believe thnt is the way to put it. Q. Near station lu5 that would M A. N.ar station 10,^. The , i-vvoud intersection is in the Iron Mask (b-ift. Q. _ Iron Mnnk east drift (11.^ A. In,,, M,,k -ast drift fi!.. The third intersection wonbl be near the botton, „f, or at, Iron Mask 71 east drift. Q. Now, I notice as yon .i-o westuard. tlir^s. intM-r.tions £rct Iow.t. You ^^ might just explain to hia Lordshiii whv that is \ 'ri,„f • .. . ' •' ''"•""'• '^- I nat IS a neccsaarv con- 6ei|i.. iice, if two planes intersects. The Court: That is what they were lalkini; about th. her dav if thev were parallel, they would intersect in a parabcl u,,y; if th.v are not parallel. 15 hko bnddino. a boat: that (l,e !,ows, ,( it was not a flat bottom boat, of course the planks aet higher up here at the i,ow than they are below. Witness: That is it exactly. 20 Q. Take those intersection^ .uul >n,M,tiou tlion, in the order tl,at von find them. A. 1 hose inter. oetious form a straight lino reallv. Here i. one inter- section nt -he end of the Iron Mask drift, and hcv is a second one at the end of the Iron ilask drift (5i). and here is a third (illustrating on model) Th< are three sections formed in ;i line as they in fact should be if two planes intersect. 25 The Court: If they are not parallel they must inf. iscct at ditTerent levels? A. I hey must intersect at different levels, vcs. sir. The Court: And tlie movr. they diverge, the deeper the intrr^,>clion? A. qq The steeper the intersection li,..- would be. Q. You miglit dscribe those intersections in the order in which they oc- cur. A. The Iron A[ask \ein is clearly expf.scd along the Iron Mask drift from the collar of the Iron .Mask east winze to a point about 40 feet west of 35 point 10.5. The Iron :\rask vein passes right along this drift, the verv marked "" eliaracteristics which ordinarily characterize it; it has a steep dip; it has a com- paratively narrow vein, with well defined walls, and is i„>t very wide, generally .luito narrow; at the widest place along this drift I believe I found to be near f'le collar of the win/.. . about 2 or .3 feet. 40 The Court: Is that the vein or ore body? A. The -- oro body. Aow, when this Iron Mask vein, marked by its well defined i-teep and smooth wall comes to a point about 40 feet west of station lO.") it is \ ♦ > «>-^%:klab''i^^b.T of wall.-by 2 .,r ;i wnlls, bctw,...!, which ilirro is nn ox<-o.."- '"i-Nod with of caleite. That seetion is exn-Ked '.he«-^ .u'h"'" " '""" "^' ""' '"'''' ^'''''^"ess prr drift, at point 105. Tt als„ .he'u. ,r tli '"'T ''"'' "^ ''"' ^''"" '^^"^'^ ^^P" takes plaee, whieh is 80 feet baek «-e.tu-„-d iv'"^ " "''" "" '""'""^ "'ter^ection j,) Star Xo. 2 ,.,;„ ;, ^^.p^^^,, ._^ ;;":';"' ^'■"'" I"""' lO".. Also the Centre indicated on the map at (Ids phu.. .^r Vr^Z T'] ' \ " ''"'" ''"'^^' ^^'^'°'' ^^ of the drift to a depth of about five f.lt " ' ' '* '""'' '"■'""' ^''" ^''^''^l . ^- ^^^'"^^''•' '■'"-'"•«■ "Pi-site the winze; V Th.,tl Km , • ^ raise, yes. '^^ ' 'i^" '- a litilc l)it of a 15 Q. l>oos thai .hew the Centre Star vein ^ \ Y. ', , •• l"t "f a raise that has been made o„ the ( 'entre Sfirv ' ,'"'" " " " ^'^''^ Centre Star, following the planes of the ^nLl:::.:Z,r ^''" ^'''^^ '^' ^'^" 20 Q. About what lieiii-ht i- tlm ,■■,;,. ,1, I-'"'t 105 on the Iron Mask east dr.ft' ' "' ■ """ "'''T'' "'" "'"^'^ "'^">- about 10 feet above ,he level of the drift:''2 le 'k ';::1:;;Z "' ' ''""' ''"' of.''o^::;:HLt;t;::-r'"''r^'t.::;;'^ 'ii""I">-ly, down on the bottom. " ' '''' " '"' '' ^"'^ ^ ""■'"' l"'"'!"'"- 25 Q. Five or six feet; A. Five or six feet. .o.?;,,;:!:/''":"'^:::^' •''''''■''"'"■'■'■■'' "■""'•''"-' -™ 30 Q. So that you have a vein exposed for over ■'.. fe,.t> A F„i, ,• , I sliould sav. 1 - nil. a. I'ullytiiat, 35 C>. What is tile next pla.'e where von see a seotion tl.nt v .„ .• ■ f IH' Iron Mask east drift (!!• ; A. In the In, ' /""'"' "' III uit lion .Mask east drift (][). -I t..k.3 that mtei-sec^on. A. The Centre Star vein and bottom of th d ft •nml about pmnts Xo. tIS and 1.;, that is to say, ahm. in here ,0 „ . O^ J ft I'a^'k III here (illustrating on mo.lel). '" 4 >)•)•) Tlie Court.: Do you say tliiit tliat ( 'i-nirc St.ir vciu. acconliiiir to your be- lief, runs into tlio Lrou Mask winze; A. V(-. it runs into the Iron Mask v.-inze partly to a distance— wel.l, I will eoinc to that presently. As you go along this short (liac;onal cross-cut of the Centre Star. 5 Tlie Court: Tliat is fi i the iron .Ma.-k vliize to the hotioni of th(> No. ',] shaft. A. The bottom of the So. H shaft to the Iron .M.isk win/.c. you see near the bored liole, which unitess this drift with the bottom of the shaft, a little hit back from this bored hole, you sec a flat seam dippinn' about -JO or :!u de- crees, of shewn ar the end n\' the shaft. It is, so to speak, the elociiation of that nw body. The Court: Could you see anythiiif;' tliron.uh ihai bore hole; von cannot see anything thrdua-h that. A. Xo, 15 The ('ourt: It is too small; .\. Yim cm just see tlu' lialit throuu'h it, that is all. From this jdaco, which is 1.') or liO feet southeast of station OS, from tlds ])oint on to station 10, which is at the Inm .Mask win/.e tlie couiitrv rock is verv much mineralized, and all of if is without doubt in luy (ii>inion clearly vein oQ ifiatter. It contains bunches (d' pyrrliotite in )ilace~. hut thi'oui;hout it is e.\- ccedingly altered, filled with sei^ondary ipiartz, pyrite and bi'own mica; in fact it is a typical vein matter, a deiiree- or :is di^urees. 1 have forirotton oq \\hich exactly, to the north. So that abmi;' thai plane, to my mind, is the hang- ir.ir wall of the Centre Star vein. As you |>ass the point .\o. H'> and turn into the (>0 east drift vou follow aloni;; ore on tlie rii;ht hand side o( the drift a'oing in all of the way, and in this ore are emphasized |ilanes dippiui;' b") deurees as the Centre Star shoidd lie. .\t tiie same titme. there appear^- on the mu'tb side 35 of the <>!) east (Frift a very prominent wall, carrying a few inches of ore, verv .-iuooth, well defined, clipping ?<• degrees niu'th. This wall i^ clearly in the po- sition of and identical with the Iron JIask vein. As yo\i go in ;iO feet or so in the 69 drift the ore of the Centre Star and Hiat of the Iron Mask approach, and at one place in the roof of the rai-^e there is exjiosed up to a height of 20 feet, ^^ jierlmps, the planes of the Iron Mask and those of the Centre Star actually inter- sect, forming an exceedingly well marked "V shape>l figure, which can lie seen for some distance by ordinary light, and winch is emphasized by an upper wall, (he hanglnsr wall of the Centre Star and the main Iron Mask vein. i .).)■ The Court: And the foot In III Mask tlicre I lie Iron Mask at this point I'f the ,,tl ire very olimc toucthcr, J,,. „.,||], A. Well, two walU of the ll'f nlliv 11 f point IS ver\- n ari-du-. t\v inches apart; The Court: Piiidies; A. paratively unaltered fre^^li count '""•I"-- AIm.v,. th,. juncticn tl \-ein tliere are laru:e Imnehes of pyrrliot })yrrliotii(\ Xow, this Centre Star vcii iihout, linues across the Iron ^las]' I'v rock. iJoldw tl II' JllllCtKMl III thr ( ICI'C IS Cdlll- ontrc Star as exposed, 7 or 8 feet wide. I ^; ite. and ill fiict ii liivj wliicli nt tiiis plac,.. lit th :'e iiai't ut it is imild sav fr Junction. It sk vein. Tiio Iron .Mn-k the plane is l.roken into a little by the Centre Star. 'Ill iiiv recullcction, con- v< ill i< linikcn into a liitli 10 The Court: It IS lirokon into 1 iiroken into liv the niiiiini. 'y Hir di|i of the C.iitn. Star^ seen to continue across the Troii M peralioiis; .o that ih,. iilim,.^ ,,r tl A. Tt isk. licyoiid til,. ,,,],,.,. ,[,j, ic ( 'cntre S| ir are The Conrt: A cross and heyond^ A. Y 15 es, sir. The Court : That is to say the Iron .Mask d, the Centre Star cuts the Iron .\lask^ A. T it- not cut fh( •litre Star, hut lat 1- a quest |Uestloii. The Court: I am only luskina' vou. A. T 20 vein is the older one, and I am not able to dc lilt involves th de that from the d; c (|iiest!oii which ita wo have. Mr. Davis: He does iKjt tile other. mean to sav anvtl mii;- with reference to which cuts 25 The Court: I took it that because it is very important to both sides w.".v, and I wanted to know whether it was so. Mr. Davis: He does not mean that. The Witness: It would not le easv to sav whi( 1 one actuallv intersected the other. They .•onic toirethcr and Imtl, of then, eontinue bevond the 'int section; that is the most I can sav. 'J^he Court: And in the place where they intersect from the others A. Xo. ynii cannot rel] one oo The Court: As t m that point. o v(in matter. A. Xo, tl ic evideiii-e is not coiichisiva The (our: That is exactly what I wanted npplicable to a matter of that kind. to know, because there is law 40 Q. Now. you find another intersection. I tliink Well, the intMUwKction ahmg the liuttom level is you have inentionei »• Q. Jmt .l..sc.nl^ u-h., vou find a. l,.,.!!,,. ,„, t„ ,1,;.,, wl.at vou fi„,l ...u- ini: down flic Troii iLisk winze Cfi. ,\ (;9 east drift down nearly to the luittMm nf '■'■"I" 'li.. ir,,n Mask >vin/.e ,m tlie till' winzi Q. East drift 71 A. I'-st drift 7,. ,„,„, „,„„,„,,,„,,„ ;„,,,., ^^..,^^, -.ery nenrly eon.muon.ly; we hnd ,l,e vein wi.iel, ,.,„.,,.,,„nd- „. .be Centre ■Sfiir vein as shewn at station IC. euntinniiiir down the winze. "' ^'"ii'' 'lil' "f the winze siiewn "' "■iiize ynn have eviilently 111 ninninii' out. in o;n\ui: out Tilt! Court: Tiie same, dip; A, Ti very (dearly, anil at the hmtdin ,,( tl arrived near tlie fnot wall ni that vein. .othe westward in what is 71 ...st drift y„n n,ee, at Ma,i„n 7. ,,lanes whieli are evidently to my nun.l, planes of the ( Vntre Star vein, and v„n tind eonsideral.le altered vein matter. In ixn'mix to t iiiir solid pyrrliotito. 10 I"' ''lid of 71 east drift, you tind a vein shew- 15 Q. \\ est end you are speakiui, of. A. 1 beg vour pardon, this is the wst end. 1 was mistaken. At the end of that ,|rift vou lind a solid pvrrhotite quite a good many inches of it, and very many ]..lanes. ,,l,out parallel to those of the Centre Star and at the v.u-y end of this west drift vou find those planes eoming up against the dyke. Q. West drift or south drift. Vo„ mean this south e^^.ss-eut from the east .Irift, or north eross-eut. A. I mean the north e.-oss-eut from th<. Iron Mask Xo. <1 drift. In going eastward alon- that same drift. Iron Ma>k drift, yon find pretty nearly a eontintu.ns streak of solid pvrrhotite from about 10 or 20 feet east of tlie foot of the winze to the end, and shewing at the end and elscwlu'rc .listinetly dips of about 4.-. degrees to the uonh. [„ ^.-iiig back into the little cross-cut to the south from this 71 drift, there is a ,piite distinct foot >vall which seemed to form the southward boundary of the Centre Star vein. 20 TheCoiirt: That is it has the same dip, you mean. A. It has the same and beyond it there is no mineralization t(^ speak of; I (•onsider that plac 30 ace Fouth as the foot wall, as the actual foot wall of the ( 'entre Star vein The Court: Is there any vein along there; .\. Xo. Q. So that tlie vein matter is confined to this and stoppintr liere. A Ves. 35 'v Q. Were you throu-h with y.iur description of that point, Mr. Lind- gren? A. Yes, sir. 40 Q. A moment ago, when you were speaking about the intersection in the •39 east drift Iron Mask, you spoke of the intersection some distance hack from the east end of that drift. Wl.nt Ji'l you find at th.e intcrsr<.tion in tlie extreme rn.t ..nd I,.olf? A. Af the oxtron.o ,.m ..,„( „f „,„ ,„ ,i,.if,, v,,,, ,i„.l al.out five eet of ve.n n.attor, nn,l nr.H.v ,.f s„li,l ,,vn.l„„i„. .LiH. l,,. ,1„. ,,,.,.1. dip of 45 detrreos iind c-hiinicteri/.inir flic ( Vntiv St,,- \,, - .,., i , i ■ i .• 11,. -1 .*■*; 1 -.1 1 • • -■ '""' \\liicli lire practic- nil, ulen ,h.l w,th ,1,.. v..,n exp„..,l ar ,1„. ,1m iutns,.,.,!,,,, a, tl... n-tuJl infr- section wlnol, T ,n..n,„.,H.,|. halt way l.tuvn, ,h.. ..„.] „f ,1,., ,|,.it, and th. winze. 5 The Conrt: The drift [ .vf.nvd ,„ a f,.. ,n„„H.n,s a,„ is ,1„. ,•..,„... Star f ZT:\ "f 7-^""7' /'";- - ■"• v.in in i,. A. Ti,..n. is no vein ah,n. that. At the hntton. ,.f the wmx... in Xo. 71 , | ri f, -- 1 ,■,., M,A Tl .lrift,-I find a small vein which hrst appears near point 7:, and is ir.u'cahlc liottoin of tlif winze. This vein has a steci. dip. h'lini there to tlie J() Q. A dip of al,ont vhatr A. 1 don". ren,eu,l,e,.: [ will have to look it up (referriiii.' to memoranda ); I have not 1,01 i, i,, n,v not.s. ft is ,vferiv,I to a< ■;steep " It does not shew very well exeep, in the , , of th,. drift, and it is a 15 httle .hffieu.t to take the exaet dip of it. It ,.xt,.nds Inan near point 7.5 to the hottom of the ^vinze. and has the strik.. of the Iron .\[;,sk, and I helieve is the extension of the Iron Mask vein downward. ! f yo„ ^A, ti,, ,,.,r.,^,^. ,,; f„,i,,^^.. in.iT the stopes, it has naturnllv ent down in that vicinitv. The ( 'ourt: And this vein wonld rnn over it? A. 'i'his vein wonkl over it. 20 run Q. That is the Centre Star vein? A. TUv ('..ntre Star ve course, the line of intersection hetween the two veins run. on. Q. Which was here and there. Of 25 Q. "Here" heinc: the east Iron Mask, and "there" beinjr the Iron .Mask east drift. A. Yes, and continued down to somewhere near the hoftom of tlie shaft, bottom of the incline. 3^* Q. That Iron Ma?k winze you mean. A. Somewliere near the- hot- lom of the Iron Mau^k winze, yes. The Court: The iutcr.-ection must take place nhout liere some place (illiis- 35 trafin- on model). A. The intersection does actually take place here (illus- trating), and from there on, I say, the intersection lies further down. Q. Mr. Lindgren, I believe you examined that westerly ore body at station 6(i— at least, the place from which the ore was taken by ilr. Durante A. I 40 (lid. The Court- And came to the conclusion that that belonged to the Iron Mask vo'in? A. I did; it is within the planes of the Iron ^Insk vein. "ta Iro; will at 1 'JL't; Tlif. ( nin: WhoreaKouts i. t|i,,f „„„,i<,.,l "" tli<; :na|.? A. Station 60. The Court: That "tar ( ' ont 1.,mIv tl >iii|iaiiy, uns it^ 1"" H-as Inniirrls- ..h.iiiuii I \v tlic Conlru Arr.Dnvi^: Y^ The Witness: Tliat ins nvii tViIlowiim' til TheCdiirt: Th, "•;"''" fl'e plan.. „f,|„.rn,u Mask, th,.., a •wn liv the -it >pcs. ippinu; 10 Iron .Mask wost wan Iron Mask winze tl \vinze. A. T •y referred to if a.^ Tlier,,„rt: Tstliatinarkedontlielaetof: A. Xo, T iloii'i iliink it- li^. ]\ir. Davis: Tlio onl which the answer will be prettv 1 y question tiint I have left to ask t long, the iretifral sii: ns witne-^s i.s one to nmintr up ni his evidence. Tl icreiipun an adjouniiricnt w;k fjikon t at 11 o'clock a, m. o t(i-in(irro\v m ii'iiini:, ]\Iav l>, l.SOO 2U 1 IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /. :/. <$> &< /Ja {/^ 1.0 I.I - lifi ill 10 11:25 i 1.4 1.6 V] <^ /2 O^m A ;^> (?^w*. v^ Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80 (716) 872-4503 '^^^%<^ ^ ^.^ ■ I ^ L<*- ^/. 227 10 TIIIRTKHXTll DAY. TJosslaiid. Ti. (\. Mav 2ii(l, ISOD. 15 Trial lesumed at 11 o'clock, a. 111. 20 Presi^nt: The Court uiiJ same counsi'l as lurcidfori WALDEMAK LIXDGKEX— A witness for ,l..|\.ii,lants, „n the stand. DIIiECT KX^^MINATION RESrMEll. By Me. Davis- 25 30 Q. Mr. Lindpren, you did not t'o \orv fully into tlio condition of tiiinjjs in the Iron ]\[ask winze yesterday, and I helievc yon were exaininina- tliat jioint again last iiiaht^ A. I did. 35 Q. "Will you just give a little furtlier aeconnt of affairs tliere. A. The Iron ilask east winze extends from tlie upper drift of the Iron Mask 71 drift, which is the bottom level, and is marked in Mue nn tiie iinidel: at the collar, at station 106 in the Iron ^lask upper drift (indieatiiifr on seetinn (i-ll, Kxliil)it 21), the Iron ^lask vein sjiews plainly in tlie roof if the ilrift. \vlii(di is about 40 12 feet abo\e the collar; it shews as a vein aiunit Iwn feel thick, with a cousider- al)lc amount of scdid pyrrliotito and (dialcopyrite. Tlie vinn shews from 100 dciwn for 2.'> feet in the winze, its wall clor^ely husjiiiifr the lianginj; of the winze mitil it strikes the mud-senin. At tliat, iilncP tluMv is. imnicdiaK !v al.ovo the iiiiul-suniii there is ore, and the Iron Ma^k vein slicus Its wall (jiiito plainly. Immediately below t'ae mud-scam, \vlii,.l, is h,.,v. prrliaps ti or s i.udies thick, ,is I remember, it, there is ,ilso s.mu- licavily mincmli/rd nn— lioavilv mineral- ized rock I should say. but there arc no v.rv well detincl plan.s that can bo referre'. to the Iron Mask except at the phi,',., p,.rh,,|,s |o iV.,t bclnw the mud- scam, where there are some indicatinns ,,f .uc'li planes. TJuit is caused, in mv- opinion, by the fact that the Inm .Mask whi/,. i- ,„,( .piitc strais;ht. so that the Iron ilask vein wo :ld go sli^'htly in the hiin^inir at tlii< phic-, from which hang- ing it does not emerge in tlic Iron Mask N'l.. C'.i ca>i (jrifi. 10 The Court: Below^ .V. Hdow. The upp,,- drifi. that is. ihc drift with red stripes on the model (indicating on model i; in this di-ifi the Iron Mask vein appears somewhat indistinctly in the ]>lacc where it should be from lining it up with the excellent Iron Mask wall which appears some _'0 feet further cast in the same drilt. (loing down the Iron .Mask winze, below the 0!) east drift. I :i-ain found what L con>idcr the Iron :\Iask vein, at a point, say, :*0 or 16 feet beh>w the bottom of the 0!) drift; here it is in the foot, and I can follow it from here (indicating) continuously down to the bottom of the winze, following the foot wall pretty closely all the titnc and marked plainly by— oh. from 2 to 4 or ,". inches of solid pyrriiotite and cJial- lyn copyrite; at near the bottom of the Iron Mask winze, what 1 consider the Iron Mask vein, shews in the roof of the tunnel, immediately at the b(.ifom of the winze; in other words, where the winze breaks into the drift. The ( ourt: The winze contiiiucs in CeiUrc .'^tar vein No. 2? winze eontintu's in Centre Star vein Xo. i'. 25 The Court: In the tunnel marked blue A. In the tunnel marked ■ilue. At the roof of the tunnel. Iron Mask Xo. 71 east drift, and at the winze, .1 uieasured the strike and dip and found il to be the normal strike of the Iron Miisk vein and the normal dip of 05 to 7l> degrees, which dip it maintains for tlic whoh' (ii?-tanee as far as it is visible in this winze. 1 refer to that expressly because in my notes b(>fore 1 did not have the exact dip at that phice. 'Ihc 3Q Centre hlur \ein in the Iron ^task winze shews, ai the placi> 10 feet above sta- tion Ki: at this place I found what I consider to be tb.e hanging wall of the Centre Star vein. It is marked by a well defined plane, below it ther(> is a large nmount of heavih- mineralized r!• and down for HO feet, I should say, with a well defined the .•ur,v. Til.. Court: H.-re is the In,„ >rask l.l^o. „, wl,,,,,-,.,- v„i, ..li„os.. to eall tt. down thts way (.nd.eating). Xow. do v„u ui, an to siv. that tho.. ..,v,s. that the Centre Star ci;resse,l to a depth of 10 feet helow the 25 mud-seam, mi'asured alonp the dip of the vein. ^. That would be about eight feet, I suj.pose. below tlu i- ,ier bottom of the wnze. A. Hardly that mueh. Q. Hardly that much f A. More like 7, tl or 7. verticallv. A hole has ^*^ been blasted throuf,di shewing the.jonditions near the foot wall. The rest of the winze has not been sunk to that depth. The rest of th.; win/.e, I should .say, has only been sunk to a depth of four feet bel.,w its former d..pth. .Vow. at this deepest pit, I find a well marked wall, dippinu' about 4.-. dei;re<.s north; "im- mediately lic.vv that I find a vein of solid pyrriioiit.. iu,.;A- a font wide; tliaf ^s ^^ near the hanaiufj;; below that a-ain there is ab.mt two feel or two iVo- Miiil a-'half of altered eotintry r.,.'k, and below that a iilisoliitclv (^ X o\v. will vo ill xtciil of tills ( (litre Stiir N'. m tell his r,ords|ii|i, y\ vein. iiimI w'IkiI i- e:i-e. uliiii, in \-,.ur oiiinioii, is tin Mask Vein ami Im llic mii I' i- ii- reliitinii-lii|,'to tile li iiiiiiif III), Mr Liii(ii;n;ii. of il il-eiini, .■ind ymir iva-.n, W.y il. 'J'liai Is. ui itcd m'oiiiid I lind il le viinnn- [loinN in iho ,.|ise. a Jjeiieral 10 A. In I he dis- to the Iron .Mask vein. 'I •rl lal Iheie ex!-ls two well di tilKMl vein-. | -h,,!] ilivf refer MIS IS a clearlv deliiif,| 1 iiiclies to periiaii- H or i teet. as far a- I I i-silfe. Willi walK fn.in a fe if its eoiirse. the wall> are niilv u few iindies ia\e si'i'ii it. a|i:irt. ( ) \ir a la !•!;■( {)nrt iiooth as a nil( e, as a ride tliev are -nn .til letwet'ii those walls is aoiieral V 1 1 11 1 ^■-■.lid. I'l; the wall- of iho lr,,n .Mn.sk eoiitailied ami the ore wlii( ( '('litre Star \(iii .V( 1 |ierlia|i- \iu,vo -,, than i- ii-ual in tin solid sheet. l''roni this | >| mean lo say, wherever llinv i- ,,iv ,h.volo|„ It IS loiilil eoii>i(|or ih.il i||i.|v ;:cllial o]ioll rpaees hctween ihe ti>sil|'o- than li;is |,|.in tl ihe vicinity. The iillinii-of the Inm M;i,|< win 1 ilnw r a lilliiii;' <oiiio ealeite, ipiartz and occa-ioi 1 have found in this [rou ^[ask vein, [ have seen, i|„. ph,c,. where it should out- crop on the surface. 1 have not acuiallv iii>ar -talioii 1ii,"i, at fl 30 'f the same drift. I have also .seen tl -hew ahnve this level, and where it attj le \-ein exposed in tl le old .stoiie- iins a considerahle tliickn(>ss, of five feet at least, in some jilaees. I have further seen the iron N[a.-k Iron ifask winze from this collar di^tance of that winze anvwav. I'in in the 35 lown to the Iron Ma-^k drift Xo. UK, f or some V The Court: The blue drifts A. Xo, the winze. Q. Down to the bottom? A. Well, yes. T may say, bottom; but I only wont as far as the Iron .Mask drift Xo. 09. I lave further seen it in the liou ilask drift f.t), exposed in the winze to the eastern end of the same drift. J have further seen it in the Iron :Mask winze from the Iron Mask drift Xo. 69 down to tiie Iron Mask drift Xo. 71, which forms the Iwttom level. I have f..en 40 it c.vfK.ficd f ir Miiiio ili.rn nco \v(>4wnr| nf i| lin.lh ff'.n tin- Iron .Mii.tk, ulmt | ,.,,imi,| '"• "'I'/C'. Ill (lli. |,|,„. |,.v,.I. I 1 lavo tlu> (Vntrc Sini iiorili .Iriff, f ••'• t" Ih- til,. l,.,„i .\t,|^k to No. .'t I nice, i-oiii :i p"i'" liiilf wiiv. lu.f vt ill, ('.\|iii(ii'(I in "iTii -tiitiiitm \\ ,111,1 42. Tho ( oiiri; Kaituiinl. ,\ J.; t(in,',' oiimI oi' the Xi), ;{ -'":inl. All. I "■IIIHC, COIllllMhiii^lv , \|",.,,| 'III .'I I'oiiii II slii.rt ili siiiii' ilrift. Kr,iiu all tlics,. cxiHiMin > ,[( ii,,, | rliision, tliiit ;lio Iron Jln^^k I" -lillinll |s. .■,|,|U|||',| in fll Vl'ltl IS II V,TV U-, II ,|,.tiM,.,| ti- '■"II Mii-k v,'iii I ,lriiw til ('.Nccptioniilly ntriiiffhr cour-,. mi,! nhvMvs I'niind iif ihc |.1mc(. wIiciv, ,',,ii.tni,ii'i '■"'i~'iiiil 'li|', ;iihi ih.'ii iii'i' v,.iii, that it ,{ f„ii nil. Tilt' strike ,.f tl 1'^ It i:, . I' i- i;iiiinillv, ,,!• iiciirlv |() "• vein i«, liikiii;^ it 'iii'triiMllv. it ,,iiM|it (,, ),, It on I (■nut, ■<■ ilMTMi;,. li'uri ,■- ^,,|||| 'i'iif < 'oiirt : W'diiM .V'lll I, t I iiilcrnipt yon, l.iit I wi.^h i,, |, ii-k v,„i tl,,,. M,., |.i,„|i,|,.|,. r lilt it. \ on |)ointc,| In III, |,.,,,| ■\|.|. Ui<\y tlll> li,.iMi|.,. I ,1,1, 1, mil siirrv to -'iiliij tliiT,. i^ -.,111,. imiiif tliat is wlioro> \. S,.»r the raino 1 i< vi'il. III ill,. ( ,.||||.|. Si: K'l'O ('il|i|i,Mtil !■ Ml, drift ii; "11 i,i,„|,.| The Ciiirt: N'ou-. ,|„ f tiii,l,r,taiid v,,ii t. '"Id, malliciiiafically siM.akin- ..x, , ,,, ,i,„| j, ■■•ly llial y,,ii |i,|,i it wImtp V, A. I ,|,,. 20 Q. [Uy tile ( tiirt.) point nliout it, I do not '" ''""• i' 'I 'f. I in,d..|-laii,| tl J .'aid there was know what if is, I. sonic iiitcrviil lut T' 'Viinti'.l 1,, LiiHH- il louts, wliere we do V^'OCII till' \, not till, I it, and r.'ii-r iiimI -tali fault which I explained liet'oiv. .V,,w, I tiiict, and .separate t'r,,iii the Iron .\I.isk and vein is the ( 'entrc Star No. -2. The ( 'll'll 1- eall-,,| l,y l|„. -|i|, a|,,n. ,|, H'rc is MIIIIO iiif fact. A. >r liii're- vi'rtical •J,) tnrtlicr tin dcgr v'liat in the western part of tl 'itre ."star X, le K'nuiii I ill d ■es north; tliaf is to .sav, 1". d( I ill|..|||,.|. \|.i||_ |.|,|||.,,|y ,]i^. le ilillVreni idiaracler: that - lia- a -trike wliii'h varies l-|'iile; it- ,lir, |.|i,,|i i, alioiit east tile f;nMiii,l in dispute its direction is !."> dcfiTces, south of east. 'K'H'cs north of eiwt. lull ;i() le I'a^tii'ii soiiif. di'ii'i'ccs. has 1)1 part of 111,' -paces n< iniicli The Court: What I'lear. A. I Leg pardon, it is not. I the ground to the cast of Centre Sta loyoii call "tlie un.iiiul jn ,|i,|„|||,;- -I'l,,,, IS not vcrv iiieaii th,' irroiiihl iiiv,,h 'crh 35 r I ( 'entrc Star It L'in X( lu'linc X,... :j, I sliDiil, ips s dip; the Centre Star vein No. 2 is f to be 42 degrees; deviations from that kes a certain bend of frni,i in t,, I'li •ay. S,, iliMi the ttoni, or I should say, perhaps, near the Iron Mask drift \ 2.') ,|egrces in \( rage dip may he said ue dip are found in places near th airlv constant; its a\ avcra l)ears to he n little less, perhaps to be a flatten til), its ,1: 40 P a|> in the Centre Star shaft Xo. 2 and in the drift tie shaft Xo. 2 of the Centre Star, it i, a litll ing out. At other places, such as ceiiin'ctiiir.' the raise Xo. 2 with e siee[ier. perhaps in places 5.5 Icgrecs. Tiic Ci'iitro Stai- Xo. 2 is wluit mini It lie r'Tiiicd, (ir wlint siiould In n, a \ciii ^licw termed pi'0|it'riy, a composite v.i wi.liin a cd-tain distance. I draw tli it d \cin a comparatively simple vein, such is il ■ aav also lie I'cfcrrcd to as a slit ar-znm lai;- M'\cra 1 ilat situated i-nnrii,,ii In di,tiiii;iii-li it fnim a simi ic li-"ii Ma~k i ciiiiipiisite vein i-^i'ni 'ciii: III laci. ..nc n| ih,. aiitlidrities on 5 ndncrai de]h.sits, i'n,l'e>Mir Kciii. makes a -penal divi-inn ,,f li-.inv \,iii-, call- ing: tiui:i shear-zone veins; l.ut 1 say, >,, fai- a> 1 have -hewn in my t'eniier . xam- Ination. there is no sharp and disiinet line -epaniiini; i|ie-e iw.i I'la-e- i.f veii.s-, ihey simply run over iiilo each i.lher ly ihe appearaur,- .,|' ,,11 ■ or iimre aiidi- lioiial planes, \)\ which a certain -trip ,.!' urMunl, -av. :>, jii, ,,r ijii tVet wide, is -iil"li\-idcd hy means id' a nnmlier ..f wall- heiwecii whlcli ihc ,,re i- fdiiml. 10 'I'he Ctinrl: ISetweeii son t which llie niv i< f,,iiiid; A. netween some nf whi(di the ore may he found. It may he I'miiid hetween all of iluaii. Tiie ( iiiirt: lietweeii some or all of rlaaii the oiv v>ill he ro\ind. A. 15 Now, litis did'erence hetween the two vein-, thi- dilTeivnce in the siriiclnre, is only, iierliajis eaiiseij hv the ditVereiit di'i which the \i'iii. ■xhihii, A -traiuht vein dip, nearly vertical, is very mii(di more apt to l,(. riear cut and well detiiied than a vein dippiiii;' at a lower anuie, as a vein dippiiiii- at a lower aiiiih'. we mav much more conridently ex|icci, (dianiics in dip and a|i|i"arance to the slienr /..mo \iins. Now then, 1 come to the tillinu. The tilliiiii' ef the Centre Stai- \-ein Xo. -" ■J coii-ist-, as far as its valnahle ore is concerned, of clialcopyrite ami pyrrhotite, associated with those are other i:aiiiine material, -uch a- ipiart/ and calcite. and al-(i finely divided hrown mica, l-'rom ihe character of lilliui. 1 -houhl draw the conclusion that tln' process hy which the oiv Im- l,,.,.], .Icpo-ited has heen ii(>arly excdnsivcdy a jirocess of rephn'cment. in other words, ihat there have 25 heen Imt small amounts of open spares lietweeii thc-e walU, that the deposition . has heen cansod hy the solution following' iho-e wall< and catiny into them, and (lepositin;:-, instead ot the dissohcd rech, luoi-c or less pyrrhotite and chalc(ii>v- rite. 1 wonld also say that 1 tind nn radical ditlVreiice. in iVict, no ditl'erence tit all. ill the niiiierals of the Iron Mask titid the ('cntre Star vein-. The same •'"''^ minerals ap])ear in hoth — th<' same prodticis o|' minerals. The only ditVrreiice would he that when ceilain processc -, thai of jillin^' in opi.n -],; s miiiht have occurred to a Li'reater extent along the Iron .Mask \eiii than has taken ])lace iihiug tile Centre Star vein. Tint I do helic\-e, from the ^ciicial appearance of the ore and the great similarity of the ',•. L have also !;J4 '(■' ry '\ tllllM tl it in the ci'ds-i-eut r uiiiiuiji from iioliit I rift, ospet'ially ex posed lift ween imints (is anil |"iiiii (11) in Centre vStar north It; nn il also foinul it exposed in tlic Imn Mn,],- ,||.;V| y, Icniith. I have also found it exposed in the In.n M:i-k Mnik drift \o. fi!) to tlie Iron M.n-k drifi N,,. 7|. le same level. 1 liave '''•'. nrarly idonir ils whole e:ili^ht deviation,. X„w, then, j have two well deht.ed ttssttn. vetns, two typieal fi-Muv voi,,., the !,■„, Ma-k and the Contr,. Mar, whi.di. uu thr avera-e. ditfer in their Mrik,' to an ,su-u\ of 'I ,„• •'-, de arees, perhaps in their dip ditferin-. al>o. i„ ,n , xtont ,,f -.-, ,| ,,.,-• thev dip in the same direction. These two plane, mnsr tteee.ssarilv interne,., if pruhin.-ed in dei)th. I actually do tin,l inferseriiniis at the pla.M-s wheiv >urh should be cx|iected to be fonml. If the 1 r( face lU 15 Il llltel'-eeti(in> la-k crMppinM, wci-c tra.'eil on thi >urfaee continu.,nsly I should expect to Hnd an intor-o.-tion on tlie ,nrface somewhere in the vicinity .,f Centr.. .Star shaft Xo. l'. : d t know ih..v hav.v allv. The Conrt: That is, an intersecti,,n of the (Viiiro .Star croppitm-.^ V Of the Centre Star eroppiuos. ye.s. sir. Such an inier~e,-tio„ | have „of r,,und t<.r the rea.s,m. that I can n,,t eontinuoudv trae, ,,n iho nirfa, ,■ tho Iron .Ma>k vein, as [ can the Cenire Star .Xo. ■'. Ijnwevor. noir th.. p,,int in.-, in tho Iron 3Iask upper di]., I do lind an inter conditions tn the crossin- at the intersection [ first .h.-rribod. I tinally lind in the luittom. or near the bottom of the Iron .Mask ea>t winz... about :;o f, ,.| above the Iron" Ma4: drift 71, what T consuler to be an iiite|.s(.rti f th,. >am,' plane-. At ihis place the Iron Mask j.lane interse,.ts what I ,.oiisi,l,.r f,, b,. the f,,nt wall ,,f ih,. Centre Star vein; and tli,xsc. in all |.la,.,.s wh,.re th,. two planes jaiv,. been ,xpo>ed, have fulfilled the e,m,litions which w,,til,l be e.xp,.,.|,.,| f,.,Mu their iieneral sirike and dip, and especially are f,anid to be interse,.t,.,l wh,.rever tiny, a,,-calle,I. The wafer- eour-se forms an entirely separate plane, which has an avei.a.iic ,lip ,,f east IT. ,le- ,i;r(.es south, perhaps, or 15 degrees south of east, an,l whii^h .lips. ,,n th,' aver- iiL'c, ;55 deg-rees to the south. It is a well-marked fissure tilleil with attrition [irodncts, ground-up rock, and coiilinues with verv well dctine,l strike ami dip 30 35 40 2',',5 over the entire area which I have examined oa ■?„ t i the ground-up material .hieh i^J^lJ^Zl T "^"^ 'f ''''''' r'!" ..leite, and in some places a little quart/- e.;, w T ' T." ''"'° ^1 , M'""i'-. "rure ir lias crossed auv of the veins ,t ha._ a rusty appe: .nee and is clc.rlv full of vein .aaterial, derived fro JThe eruslun. of those veins at the point where it ha. hccu crossed. Xow, tl e mud- , seam, wbch ,s sxmply a place with the chara.tcri.tics T have iust m . io'ed " dipping to the south, must necessarilv crn.< the Centre Slnv .ni. V "^.i r -\r 1 • r 1 ' tniie niur vem Ao. 2 and the Iron Mask vein. It does so. and 1 have ,.v.,.„;„. i *i, places. At perhaps five places where it crosses the Centre Star No. 2, and three or four places where it crosses the Iron Ma.k vein, T find at those crolin.s Jl ,, rule, a slight t^.row, generallv in the na„„v of a ,.,,,....„, f,„.,, ,,„ „;,,.,,,.^, ^« exceeding two feet, and g. nerally f.on. one foot to a fo„t and a-half. At some : iri; S; r "'"" ■'^r' '■'"''■■ •"-■'^^''-•-••y -.',1 mnnistakaMv n, rked. So far as an^ influence on the vein is concerned, the mud-scam is ah- s„lutely of no importance: it simplv cuts the two veins at the places where it so ,, l,appens fro.n th,. conditions given of its gcon,etricnl position.' Tu son,e places where it ct.ts the veins the veins are heavily n.inendi.ed al,ove and ],eaviK min- eralised below; ,n other places thev are poo,- al.„v.. nn,l p,,,,,- l.low; in still o i r places It ,s a httle better looking ahove and a littl.. poo.vr lookino. uj T .imply a subsequent fracture, which has no ],cari„. whatever o'n the richness .o .■md the continuat.on of the veins, except so fn. ,. the slight throw which T hav '' nircadv mentioned. Q. T thuik you made n nustake there, Mr. Lind,n-en. as 1 understood vou, m speaking, of son.e pla..es, you said it was better above and poorer below.'and ,- in some place. ,t was better looking above and poorer looking below. T suppose .you mean the opposite. A. Did I say that? T did not. mean that. T meant just the reverse. That is, I believe, all 1 have to say in answer to that question Mr. Davis: That is all. 30 CROSS EXAMINATION. 35 By Mb. EonwEi.L — Q. You say that the ore in the rentre Star and Trnn Mask veins was probably formed the same time and under the same con.litions. A. I said probably. 40 •w II is \ A fo St tri g" Y( 001 tli( eal tei qui 2:10 Q. It is the same character of ore? A. It is the .amo character of ore. Q. Tlicrefore, when you have iutor.sectiun. vn.i ),av,. planes crossing, liave yon^ A. Yes. 5 Q. Two planes crossinfr? A. Yp«. Q. Roth filled with ore formed nt the same ti„K. and i.rolmhlv under fho same conditions? A. Bntl. prohahly filled iit the .„„„■ time and ,,n,i,ahlv under the same conditions. 10 Q. So far as you have been ahle to observe there is no distim'tion between tije filling of the veins of the Centre Star and the Iron INfask- A. Yes, there is this distinction, which I have already empluisi/ed: that tlie c-e in the Iron Mnsk is more in the nature of a fdling— more in tl,.- natn... „f a filling- „f open 15 spaces. Q. I know, but you do iind vein fillino- in the lr,m ^[a^k vein, (h> von not? A. I find what I think is vein fillini;'. Q. And you find calcite? A. I have found a little ealcile; T have not found verv much of it. 20 30 Q. And in the Centre Star you fcmnd ealcite? A. T did llnd calcite. Q. .\nd you found quartz? A. [ fnnnd (piart/. in snnic places. ^^ Q. Do you make any point on the brown mica y>m tnuud in the Centre Star filling? A. You find it in both veins; you Iind it in all veins of this dis- trict .so far a.s I have noticed them. Q. Then, speakinir as to the quantity of vein tilling you do not distin- guish between the vein filling of the Centre Star and the Iron .Mask? A. Yes, I do distinguish as to its occum-nce. The iron ore of the Iron ^rask vein contains The Court: You m..'an the ore of the Iron "Nfask vein? \. The ore of the Iron Mask vein is more solid and comjiact wherever it occurs. Q. But speaking of vein filling, you found more vein filling in what you call the Centre Star vein than in the Iron ^Mask? A. I find vein filling ex- tending over a broader space as a rule. Q. That is to say, it is more in quantity? A. I should say in absolute quantity I should think it would be more, ves, sir. .io 40 _ Q. But in its essential qualities it is praeU..ally tl.o same? A. As to their component minerals it is the same. _ Q. J« "ot tlmt tlm ,.s.semi,a quality of vc.ia tiliin. the minerals of whi..h . Q. I do not appreciate the distinction. Will v„u kin.lU ..xphmi it' A 1 s,mpl.v mean to say that you ..an not tdl fn.u a siu.pl.. insp^i-tion which i. the ,^ hcst tilhnfj;, which has the hifrhest value. '■" • iii- ^."' ^T ^.T "'^'''''■'"" '" ''' "''"'■'•"' '•''="•"•■"■'• '-""1 ^f'^'ikinfr of the vein hlling< A. Ihe same n.inerais are in hoth veins. Q. l?ut there is more in qu.mity in tie. Centre Star than in the Iron Mask' ^^ A. i shouhl he inclin(.(l to think there was, althou-h that invnlve. a compari- son wmch Q. Which you have not made? A. Whi.^h 1 would not like to answer hnaily without examining in d(.tMil all the workings of the old st,,p(.s. 20 _ Q. Then I will take it this way: that you have not made that ..ompari.on in yotir examination as to the comparative quantitv of vein tillin- in tl... ( 'entrc Star an.l inm Mask? A. I have made that cmpansnn, hut it is imp,.ssihle to ^ive such comparison down to its mo.st minute detail. witli„nt a .piantitative 25 <'..H.pariso,i, which would l.(. a work of great importance, ,,f great • Q. i Interrupting.) Speaking fn.ni your oh.servation and n.lving upon your experience, I am willing to fake your answer as to the comparativ.. .p.an- tity 0+ vein tilling in each vein? A. Well, I sl,n„ld think there wo,dd he 30 Miore filling m the Centre Star vein; it is a wider vein, slu ws a wid..r mineraliza- tion. Q. Then when yon come to the intersection, ^Ir. Lindgren, vou have two planes cro.ssing each other, one at a 4,5 decree dii> and the other—what do you 35 place the dip of the Iron Mask at on an average? A. Si.uv-fiv(. to 70. Q. And you have these veins filled with ore, which, so far as its character i- concerned, is practically the same in hotli veins? A. ft is not the same in lioth veins, hecause there is a difference in its mineralization, wliirh I have ex- 40 plained before. Q. "What is the difference in the mineralization? \. The difference in the mineralization is that the Iron Mask vein, so far as I have .seen it. can-ies nne seam, rather narrow, eonfin twccn two planes ,.it.h solid pyrrhotlte be- i ^ tween it, and chalcopyrito between it. In th,. ('(ritiv St^ir v.in tlie luineruliza- (ion is scattered over a Inrper width than if is in ih^ Inm Miwk. Q. This is becniisc there is iimrc uidiii in th,. C.ntiv Star vein than the Troll Mank vcin^ A. T nhnnl,! thjuk ilmt is I'MmM-t, ■ Q. Let XI8 take a point. Say rlic cn.ssiiiu' \\lii,.|i y..,, tin,! in the Ii-,,n .Mask uiii/o liolow station «!), in one ,if tiioso en.ssiiiM ■ ,it stali,m tli» yon And a cn.i^siiif;, d.ivou not< A. At station tilt th.: Iron Musk vein is not vitv wrW di'linrd. Q. Let lis tnkc. anotlicr. Take tlie crosMnir n. ar Ir,.n Ma-k Xo. (\U oa.st drift. A. Yes, sir. 10 Q. Is there any distinetive characteristi,' at tlial point l.etwpen the ore ,,r liie Centre Star and tlie ore in tlic Iron Mn^k vi'in^ A. '{'he ore of the Iron Mask vein at fiiat l,)caiity is n >iiiaii Mam lill,.,] wiili ii tVw inches of proe- ^'^ ticnily scdid siijpliick's, f the Iron Ma-k A. Y, Q. Then don't you find a block of ,,rc there, a l)l,ii.k ,d' rock which you call altered country rock inteivected with planes, ami then you come to the plane of the Centre Star vein. Is not that so^ .\. Xo, I do not believe 1 cpiite — it is not quite in that way. Q. Let nie put it this way. The ( 'eiitre Star vein and Iron Mask vein iorm at that point routrhly, what you ini;;lit ,'all a "V;" A. Yi>s. Q. Between the two parts of the "V" von fin,l alteicl country rock, don't yi.m:' A. lietween the two parts of the "V^" Q. Yes. A. In the space of the two forks of ilie "Y," so to speak? Q. Yes, comes down like tliat and like that, doesn't it? A. \Miich is ^vhich i Q. Call this the Centre Star and that the Iron Mask. A. Very well. ;J5 40 aS«^ Q. \i>w, Villi tiiiil M <| lillT III li IV, ,1.,||'( ilierc, ye». A. I iinl a -(Hii'i' in Q. Wliii'li i-i ^'('Miiiiil iii'm--" lil;(. il lilt .■iml ,i|i, \LMin I iiiiisf ii-k Villi ti> iii.lii'iiir which i- thr (' •I'l'l '■MiiMlrv I'l.. iiiiv Siiir .\. ^i- 'IJ''f'''''i'i^i- t" til'' iliiiun h'liuii MM ,1„ |,,||„.,,. ||,,„ j. ,^.||,„ I ,,.,,1 th.' phiiif of ( Vritiv Star Xu, :.'. A. That i- ..„. |,|„„„ ,,f ( •.,„,.,, Si,,,. Xi,. o. Q. Am! the iiihiT vM.iihl II.. ih>\vii hi'iv; .\, N'l- t '^ •^'I'l 'I 'Il''l' I'lllllc. 1.1' thr linn M;|.k ,v,,uhl hr thm llic iithi'i- phiiic 111' the Irmi Mn-k. . tliiif I- i-iirlit. III Q. Wliut I wiiiu til iivt 111 is Willi ,ii,iiii,.tiv,. ,-li;ir;iiM( ri,iii' ■■ \,iii niiikc licrwocii till- i.iv in thiif i.hini' and tin. „,;■ in ihi, ,,hi|„,; \ \v,,, ';„ ,,|i^i,u, 15 il siiiiplv ill xiiiali s|ii.ciiiifiis Ihci'i' is n„ i|ill,.niiiT; tiii iii-i ns a (}. I kniiw, hill it' v. II i;il praciic;il|v iji,. simc. i). liiil you iiiii> liiid more alicivd (MHuury p.ck h.ic in ih,. (Vntn. ~taj. plane than you do in the Inm \(a-k plmic. A. ^' ■ilinarilv ih Q. Do you remember whether ymi do at that, point; A. Well, \ .u '^" nppcssflrily do, lieonuse the width of the ( eiitic Star vein ni thi. pihice is C or 7 frpl. which cnm]irises much altered cuiinlrv rock. 0. You have two planes — four planes, rather. I -iippo-e t iniaht say- two a short distance apart and two u considoraMe di-iaiice a|iart. one dippinfi at 35 I'lO and the other at 45, and between these planes ymi find in each place ore of the same quality, and whore there is altered coiiiiiry rock, altered cduntrv rock of similar quality, is it not a fact then, that, yon unisi de|ieiid for your crossint; u]ion the intersection of two planes dipping at ditferent aniiles? A. You do practically. lO Q. And will not that, speaking generally, apply to all the other intersec- tions of the veins which you have referred to in your eviilcnce? A. A'ou do liOt depend upon that alone; you depend upon that in part '.'■'.-•^ r ',A«kl> .^■^^'Slb^lU^B.e^.^ I ^ .a^'iKif-'u Q. I think I understand vim Mr. Lind;. am siif Ilk i nil- — .• I'c.r tlio minute, you coniino ynnrstdl' t.i uli.ii \,,ii aciiiailv up pose ivitlu-'iit nn\- nd'erenc'c to aiiv other >ee a; I lie erossmt part iif ilii. mini A. Y. Q. AV'ill not the answer \vi iieii vnu iii-.t iiave ti. mv last to tlie erossings at all tlie plaee.-; TI lind planes dipping at ditVerenl angU's, at eai question .tpid} lal, 1.- In Miv, that, at eaidi iil •h „1 is charaeteristieallv tli plaic viiu wil lind altered ro(d< whieh le same, at each phic •e .Villi will oriilialilv. illv tl [ilaee you wil lind ore whiel ir may probal/ly le same, hul voii m: ml lind altered rnek in one plaee than in the otlier. Won't thai do for a gi'ueral deseripth.n ot these interseetions? A. No, it wiuild not, do for a general d-seription, l)e- caiisc, although each piece of pyrrlmiite and raeli pieee of altered roiiuli'v roi'k may be identical, the two veins are iioi idemiral. Q. I do not ask you to say that the two veins are identical. A. L mean identical in appearance. (j. They are identical in aiiiiearance' A. They are iml idenliral in ap])eai'ance, 1 say. g. Well, let mo get it piece hy piece. In cadi place you will Hnd planes di])ping at those tliil'creiit angles, don't youi A. i'ts. Q. At each plaee yon tiiid ore cliaractcrisiically the samc^ A. In the two veins. Q. And at each place if you find country rock it is characleristicaliy allered^ A. As I said before, the individual parts of the tilling arc identi- cal, but there is a very marked dill'erence between the veins as a whole. Q. I am just taking it by |)ieccs. So far ymi agree with me, do you not, :\Ir. Lindgren^ A. 1 agree with you so far as the answers indicate, yes. (■i. A'ow, you make a disiinction liciween the ores, do yon, or between the two veins? A. Yes, there is a certain di,-tiiictioii. Q. There is a certain distinction. Ft is iim a di „„.. nf the ..haraeter- istics. Another eharaeteristic is that it ,lip. 1.-, .l.ir.ve.; and a thin! ehara..t..r- tstic IS in the hreakinfr arrancrenienis of th,. „re and the intinn.te interndn.din.^ of country rock and ore. Xow. yon find that Iron .Mask vein also whirl, \wrv U ^^ narrow, which here only consists of a few i,„.he. „f prartirallv solid pvrrhotite and chalcopyrite, with very little altr,-ed eunntiw .'ork o,- ,„v n, ,.als of anv kind. ' ' I Q. Will yon say n<,w there are no places in the In,,, M„-k vein where ^0 ynn do not find that altered country rock, that ealcite an.l that qiiai't/.r A. [ do not. Q. Xow then, is n,.t yonr distincthm to he understood heeanse at that ,6 Q. And the Centre Star vein will <:o in this ,lrift? A. It will. Q. AVith its 45 degree dip? A. It will. 40 Q. And the Iron Mask vein will go in that direction with its TO degree dip? A. It v.nll. Q. And if the lovcl is cnrriid nldn... t, d x.'iy surely puss outside of the into,v,.f.ti,,n. Q. Yes. but you will lind tlic plncc wlif.,T tl„. C.n,„. «f of the l.'veM \ Y.,n ».;ii -f '"' ^^" '■'■•" '■on'f's out Q. It nnist nocessarily n- ,f „,• ,|,„ ,, . rt HU,st if this upper ln,„ Mask ,l.U is ,.,„.n,nH.,l „u , .,,:.,■ f ,f ' Iron .Mask in this eastwardly diivni,,,,. '"' ^"''" "^ *''^' Q. But if you eontinuc it far eno,,.!, ,„ ,h,. n„,,h ,„ ko.p all tl„. ore in iH. ,nnneK y.u n.ust necessarily find the ( ..„tr.. S.ar vein ,, „„ „„ „ Z .n,tng .de? A „ order t., folio, the <•,.,... S.ar vein.v,,,, hav,. „ K- turn your dnit a httle towards the nnith tMl„u-in..- 1 1, c ,' < • stead of the Iron Mask strike. ' '"' ' '■""■" ■'"'• ■^"•''^'' '"" Q. And then yo„ nu.-t n,.,...s \ Yes I should think so. ^^^> 10 15 20 Q. So there we have a rhaneo to ntake a complete de.nonstration of vour er,«s,n, o± veins^ A. Ti,e Iron Mask v i„ has. in fa,., alivadv lef^ the ( on.re Star vein at that po,„(. it is not v,.,y uvll ...xpos,.] ri^ht hero at the winxe, 20 feet west of 105. The Court: There is no winze th.iv. i- th,,v; .\. Yp,. ^ ,„,,,„ „„p ^ Q. I w,: tdd like if you wo,d,l. as ,nueh as possil,h--i: ,lo not want to inter- tere in any unneeessary way, hut I want to save as ,„u,d, ,i„„. as I ean-trv to lUL^u-er my questions as directly as you eau an,l a. sho,.rly as you •■an. Mr. Davis: .My learned friend asks his qnestions in st.eh a wav ,hat that fan not Ix done. 25 30 35 not. Mr. Bodwell: Mr. Lindgren knows wheth,.r they ,:.an be so ansu-ered •ered or The ^^'itncss: I will try to, to the best r,f II, V abilitv. 40 Q. Mr. Lindgren, going down the Xo. .'! inclioe, 1 „n,h^rstan,l vou lind a liody of ore with a wall of rock enclosing that body of ore? A. Yes. T do. •248 Q. An.l tlK.n ahovc- that y..u find anotluT l,n,].v of „rc with a wall of mok .hciosintf that l,...iy ,.t ore. 1 „„,„, inuuclimdv rm.\„4ua th.. ore' \ 1 l.a your panhm, 1 ,lid n.,t nndcsta.,,! tiiai, 1 ,|„ ,i,„l , i„„iv „f ,„■.■ in thr '.No :', re with es, njck imiiiediatelv Q. These bodies of ore begin small, w Again I am afraid 1 don't underst lite in the foot of the shaft. iilei and Von, j' 1 ont and eonie to a points A. Ik'I'c is one body of solid pyrrho- Q. Is it tl le same size, the A. Xo, it varies from place to pi ■ame measurement across all the wav 20 ace. Q. It swells out and narrows A. I t swells otit and narr 'ows, ves. Q. And there is a wall of cnel A. There is a seam of ealeite very frei ore, that is, about ■osinir nick inimediatelv sun onndini;- it; roof of the shaft. .vo feet below the upper wall which f ntly markinir the upper limit of the rnis in most places the Q. T urn von found a ies of walls ahnve^ A. 1 don't know how ^^ many walls there are above that wall in I Q. You found one wall eonsistins of a number nf planes which were i.n.ken/ A. I found one wall exposed in the ro„f of the incline which is .-umetunes broken into by ininTng operations and sometimes loeallv irregular but which I measured at a number of places and fnund practicallv tlie sanu- .lin'a„d strike as the vein has below. 35 Q. Goin- over to the Xo. 2 incline, now. yon f,a,n,l a bndv of ore at or jn .-ar the collar of the shaft which apparently leaves the in.dine on a nuudi stiai2liter dip than the incline— much steeper ,lip than th,> in<.line' A Xot i^i'.ch steeper. [ should sav the dip ImmediateK- at the enllar w„n!d !„. about 60 JcCTees, but aoing down a few feet it inimediatelv tlatte lis out. Q. V..S. that is the dip of ti„, i,„.liM. ; |„„ ,i,i, ,„„,,. „,■ ,„.,, ,.„„p^ „,„ ^^^^p iM..line or .lii)< A. No, m; the b,„lv „t' „n,. tiam.,,, „ui i,HM..Mli.t..lv hAmv I hi; coihir. g. Di.lii't 1 iiii(lcr>lMii.l vuii 1,, siy iImmt \va< ;, ImmIv ,,t' uiv lu'iir llu ihir uf the shnft wiiich practioally went i>iii ..f ih,. i',„,t wiiH ,,f tin. sliaft^ A. Xn I ilid not say so. There is, hdWcviT. a hcnd wliidi dui, j.,, ini,j tin l'(M,t wall. I have not mentioned that, hut there i~. The Court: Vnn are talkim;' almiit Xn. j ~liiifi; ^Ir. Bodwell: .Xo. J iiirline. The Witness: This is X.,. i' indinr. I heir i,, iviii;,rk that tlii^ tcc|i dip i> nni thi' iiiniii hddy. The main li(pdy follows the shaft down, (}. I am not askinfj yon to distinynish at all. There is a hody .,f ore,— a slip or senm or body of ore,— I (hm't eare what von eall it— that p.es ont of the f'let wall of the sliaft near the collar \. Yes. Q. Then vein follow down on aiinther— ymi called it a tissure in the in- cline vcsterday, didn't yon, a central iissnre; .\. You f.ill.iw down on the main lioily whi(di is siiewn hy tiie croppini;- at the cellar of the shaft. Q. Bnt (h)es not that mean hy ,eoii,„. ,l,,„n ,„i what yon yesterday termed a central fissure? A. That jines d(i\ni and continues with a width of hetween two and three feet until a point near station si, from whi(di place for perhaps Til) feet further down it narrows into a tissure whi(di is enly almut from si.\ inches to a foot wide. Q. .Vnd that fissure comes to a point; \. .\iid that tissure ends, un- does not end— the ore does not r.nd, but the tis>ure lecallv ends at a place some SO feet above the bottom of the indicated line. Q. That is wdiere it meets that coarse->rraine(l rock; .\. X'o, not ipnte. There the central fissure which I just referred to lirews smaller and practically ilisappears, bnt at the same place tlu' ore iroes up into the hauirinij and continues, now wi(lenint>- to a body of Q. It leaves the fissure then, the ore dues; .\. It leaves that plane. It does not leave the vein; I have explained before, that ere bodies j^o down along one plane and (duiiifie over to anol'-.er plane. 10 15 20 25 .'50 35 40 Q. Bnt it leaves A. Tt leaves that plane which T have just de- crilied. (i. If ;,'(,(s (lilt of til,, liiiiitriii- Willi -^1 liiii'fiiiijr wall II ill>tiiiici' (pf iilidiit tun tVci, | „ tion; it siiiiiijv ym'^t up in the luincin^r uiill ,■ fiirtlicr ilowii iinil is n pretty iiciivv liii.|\, .\ A. V r^; it picM up to tl II --. iiiKi tlicvc IS 11(1 intern Imitiim of tho inoliiic tl le <'(inrse ruck iii'l i- liii-rc cniiiitnii.iis t'cir -Jd t'eei ' 'l>:tl I'l.ii.. iIh.iiI {■,{) tVel frclll tip ip ''I'liie- III. a. Tliell y,„. liMVe ,„ ,i,,.e Hi,. ,„.,. ,|,,„||.|, |i„|,, „,„„„ „,„, irp,,.„lnr ,.„telies tlTiMliril liiat e„„|v,, ,.,„.|- A. Then Hi,. ,„„1, U ,„i,„,,,li„„l ,|,„„.i„p irreyulnr luiiielicM iiixi seiim^ ,,|' p\ rr||,,|ii|. f,,,. -^n ,,,. .j- ,,,,,, f^^^.^^ filler (lir.Mi. Q. Mr. Kiiie viii.l Hicre we II) 15 re were >,,iii,. ,,|||e(~. .,,i,„ lime-, m, intei >eeli,,li ,,f piekof I and ,-. feet in tliiit mass of eear.sem-aii,e,| , k witlhuit ere: tliat is t,, pay, you iiml to jump frnm place f,, place fr,,„i ,„„. ,,1,,,,,, ,,, ,„„„|„,, c,,„„,,i„„,^ fi (listfinco of 4 or ."i feet. ,\lr, Davis; [ d,, ii,,| think .Mr. Kin^- >iii,| that. . ^Ir. Hodwil: Well. p„t i, -if he ,li,| say that," aiise that is inv nrol- lectiiiii of it. A. I should think that nii^.it he the fact, if he referred lo, as lie prohahly 20 ,lid, the larirer l.imelies of ore. Little nwis.vs and smaller ipiantities of pyrrho- lite you will tiud in very nearly every spceiinen. Q. Very well, tli.^n you p. down on i!iai and v,iii meet a iilaii<. which stands ai)proxiinately vertical in the lM,ttoiii ,,r near the Im.ii, f that shaft. .2-- A. Yes, there is a plane at a distance of -Hi fe,.t hori/,intally from the hotton, of the level that would hriiiff it up ahout in here. The Court: I u Xo. :.' shafts A. In N'o. ■_> shaft there is a distinct plane which crosses the Centre Star vein No. -J and apparently p,es down into the fiiot. "'' il Don't you pass across another plane lief,,re veil ;ret to raise Xo. 4, an- other vertical planed A. Xo. sir. n,,t thai 1 kn.iw ,,f; there is only one. Q. There was a plane which goes down fr,M-! the top of Xo. 1 ciittinn' 35 across in that direction, was there not? \. Thai I ,1,. not know anvtliins aheut. ikeh (^ It may have heeu destroyed in the workiiiir? A. That is verv y. Q. Then you eoiue over to Centre Star north level! A. Yes. (.}. And you find a strong hroad vein there? A I did 1 nd a M'in fi-oni "■ « * * yej,_ 40 Q. (icpoil xolid 'lie guild HIT' .\. S(i|i,| nil', Vf'jl, Q. Willi II ciinrsc iiliout imrfli 7( 75 wwt. 1 licp yitiir imnlon, jiisi UJfC Htrikc WOlllil lie illilicutcd liy the IJ \\ii\\\i\ Itc iKirtli T.'i I slimilil n)w. '<• vv..,t' A. CniirsiMu „l„,ut ii.irfh UK' IIHMIIIIlt. Ni ii'ii tliiii iiiiicli. Till' aver- '" iMivtMi- MtiitioiM .Vt and 4!t, and that i). Dii yoii think vmi cnii taki' (he mm i-iiui-t i>it'f(' cxiM.scd tlicrc? Miuiit imt tliiit I ■i"iui' -irikc .it' il r M'in with liiiit liiki' thr vein I'littiiitt iicmss tnn "• jiist II jiinil iicnd in itf If vi SiipiioHc Villi coiiMcpt th("*i' |iiiiiii> iiiid I II till- )iollil hfiv. uluit di "I VMii iiiiikr its ^li'ikc; iiin kc it (rcfcrrinu- to tiic niodriir 'rhnt !-. i| ''•^'' ''"■ -inki' (\ that, u-hiii Wdiiid von 10 Xii. 1 to II point, SMV at thr loot of No. ( iniM.. \ | protrnetor to show tlii^. "■ |i"iiit fr.aii ihr H.iith n'oss-iMit mid lia\r to havi Q. Well, ift that nst a iiiiinitr, 'jluit .\liolU ")."> dcui'ccs ijM I iiiraMii'cd il. viaii lia> a pi'i'tty stiM'|i 15 g. 'i'iii< Xo. 4 mis., start- on tho tiiuiirl hnil. .\. It, starts on the luiini.'l Icvc Q. Gofs np on ore? .\. it u^,,,- u| ri. i- my iindcrst; •20 iiiiliny, vcH. Q. T'^ntii it iiiocts tlic inud-scani' A. I mil il units thi. nnid- icnni, ves. Q. 'riicn across lu>rf' tl 9r, icrc IS ori' again ^ A. Tliifo I- orr aliovo tlio iniiil-sriiin. Q. Witli an apparent displmcinfnt of alioiit the width of thr oro. A. I Hill nof sure ahoiit the displacoinrnt at that plai'i'. Q, And poos on np at a steep dip, A. To near il le toll ot the incline. Q. Yon don't k nmv wliat vein that. is. .\. .\, PlllllClent- thr dexelopiiicii, i- not Q. It certainly is not tiie vein in tlic X^ iiients are not extensive enoiigli for my ohservati o, L' 1 nrliiir, A. The dt Q. It is not tlic vein in the Xo. 2 incline. A, It mav lio an offsli from tliat vein. not 40 Q. It has not, the characteristic dii>, it has not the cliaracteristie strike, mill it has not the general appearance of the vein of tl le incline. A. Xo, it las not. 5 2 a; Q. But it has a strike whiol, ,.,„.,vspon.l. p'.,nparativ..lv t.. tl.o strike of ilu.orem tho north lov.l A. Ft 1.,. , strik. whi.h ..onvspon.ls to that of the oro in the north level 1 ay approximate! v. Q. Tt lia. a flip whi..h mi^lu v, ry well l,e th,. eorrespon,li„ir .lip to the 5 ore in tno north level. A. I ,ln „„t ,hi„k .„; i, |„„ ,, ,,,,. „„„.|, ,„,,,„,r jip. Q. But then you raise. A. \ knnw, hut the dips which [ measured at a number of intervals from Xo. 2 raise to the point where 10 the vein disappears L'O feet ..ast of Xn. 40 ,,11 >l,ew a very constant dij) of 55 degrees. Q. Yes. up to that level, up to that point. A. I say alon- the drift. Q. That is how many feet? A. From here to liere? ^^ Q. Ye.s. over the f;ronnd over which \i A. Oh, perhaps SO feet. kou made tiiese measiu'enients of dip. Q. And yet you think that this vein .■onld not s„...peM in the distance from the level of the north level to a point in.licated l,v the present top of Xo 4 raise locally so that the ore in Xo. 4 raise mi-ht be a part of the ore of the vein in the north level. A. I shoidd not think it would 1,,. likely. If I found at these places,an indication of the steepening near this ( 'entre Star shaft A'o. 2 The Court: At the foot of Xo. 4. A. At the foot of Xo. 4 or near the foot of Xo. 4 upraise, I sluuikl think it would Ix' more likely, hut there the dip is very constant. 20 25 \ Q. Suppose Xo. 2 upraise were started as i.erpendicularlv as Xo. 4 up- '^^ raise: what wotdd be the dip goinj.- up to the jioint of that bend there? A. The dip at the very foot of Xo. -2 upraise I measured at :.5 degrees, and the raise follows that vein bending over. Q. But you .say the vein bends over very Hat right there? A. Tt does 35 bend over? Q. Yes, and that in.dine is run partly on the strike and partly 01. the dip of the vein—incline Xo. 2? A. That is not run directly on the dip, no, no. Q. It is parti V on the strike? A. Partly on the strike. Q. You found vertical planes in here tilled with ore? .\. T found one narrow vertical plane. 40 248 Q. And there may l>avo l^oon nioro? A, I do not think so. Q. Wouldnt^it l,e_n possible ,.o„.|i,i„„ .,,,,., ,, ,„.. .,,.., p,,,,;,,,,, „f tins vein hero, and the vein eoniinff, own the Ccntiv. vit.i,. V > • r i , ,1 • i-i £,.,., """ ^ '•'"''■ »tiif A o. 2 incline, and the o lie ^em winch you find n. the .No. 4 ndsc,-v.-ould not the close proxinutv of 5 he fissuring ot the., diffc^-ent veins possiMv ..,.„„,. ,.,,„ ,J,^,,,,, ^,;^„,^ n. the rock a that po„,t^ A. The close pn.xindtv .,f these two tissnres nd.ht create vertical seams in the rock, l.y that ; V,.., j, ,„i„.|„, ,„, ^„^^i|,,^_ _Q. AA oidd not it he possible to start on one bodv of o.v at the foot of Xo !« 2 raise, go up a certain height, meet one of the., tissnres an,l carrv across from one to the other, on a raise as that is rnn, for yon tr, met another bodv of ore right here? A. I ,lo not think that has been done at all. becansc there is no mdication of any ore body going up into th.. han.ain- at all, ,.r anv planes goint: up into the hanging nt the p.,int of th,. bend of this rais.., as there wonld be if ^^ there was a vein running up perpen.licnlarly. 1 conld not find anv indication of such planes. Q. But I suppose you were not looking for tlH.ni^ A. T was l.M.king for it pretty closely. Q. Pretty closely f,n. that ^ A. I conld not see any planes or ore. Q. "Where do yon think this ore goes to in Xo. 4 raise? A. 1 woidd not like to venture a jjositive opinion on that. Q. And the only reason you say it do(.s not beh,\v to the v(.in in tlie north level is because it has too steep a dip for that distance; A. To the or(. in the north level? Q. Yes. A. AVell, tlu.re is. I tlnd, along ili(. north level a \v(.ll de- fined dip of 5-> degrees correspomling with that vein which 1 have followed down, with the dip of the Centre Star Xo. -2 shaft. Q. But that has an average of 45 degrees, has ii not? A. That, vein has an average of fully 45 degrees, and this has 55 in the north l<.vel— 52. And tliose two dips were certainly .".T) decrees. (^ You have not your note of it, have yon? You can not turn to it without a little trouhle? A. It will take me a few miinites to find it. Mr. Eodwell: I will leave that until yon have time to look it u)). Mr. Idndaren, yon said, F think yesterday, that von w>u!d class the rock in this disputed territory as angite-diorite? .V. That was mv determination. 40 ^ ,•*¥■! •J.")!) Q. It may he, liowovcr, ii MioMzmiit,.. I u-,„,|,l lii-,, , , »i • , not... These di.tincti.,„s between .litlV.-ent ,•„ | V ' "" ''" iiugite-dionte is a ditfeiviie. (Msinne.l l,v il„. ,, , r . iimimnt ot orthoelase-leldsimr. 'uiinim. Q. t'or instanee, tliis oridnal "•nmnd tiiM I i • , ..nn to call it-ean.e'u,. in an en,;;,:; C" tI,:"::;:;:,;':;.: '"■ '''^^ certaSiv. ''""''""' "' " """'""• "^ '''"'■'•'■"' — ' '->«i-.n,s. A. Ye, Q Now then,, if that original ro-k eooled nnde,- certain eonditions, those minerals would assoe.ate themselves in a eer.ain onier with eael, othe / V Q. Umler certain eonditions. there w,„d,| l,e a eertnin for.n of ervstalli.a- t.on appear A Ihere wonld under all „li,i„„s ,,e u .et.eral se,,uen of crystallme, but that m.,ht differ in ,ietail as th„.. eonditions ditfered Q. It would be nu.re eomplete and less eo.nplete in sonte plae.., owin. to various conditions, whi.di need not be -one. into; A Ves 10 15 20 Q. Under certain other conditions of , . , , . , - <-"olin-- :in,l cnstalli/ation those minerals iniffht associate themselves ton,,,!,,,^ i„ , .liflennt waV \ Thev nu^dil, differ to a certain extent. 25 Q. And as a matter of fact, ,liiferent forms of ervMals would lesult' A. \ es, II the rock cools rapidly, it may be ^lassy. Q. And the ground mass tlien. the altered i^round muss, or tl,.. cooleu ground mass, from the final result— whatever it may l,e called— wouhl receive (. different name according to these different circumstances under which it. was evolved from its original condition. A. The name, whieli a rock received differ, to some extent, as the structure of the rock differs. If I found this rock of the same corapositi.m as a glassy rock consoli.late.l at ,,r near the surface as a lava flow, if it liad really appeared at the surface, a How over as a lava flow, it would have received a different name, because we differentiate tlu se rocks from those which have consolidat.^d in depth, which those njcks here appearing have. Q. If it was at the surface.it woidd c.m.1 quickly and thev wonl.l assume a glatsy appearance? A. I'robably. Q. If it wiLs under a heavy i)ressure, at great depth, it would 1 \-ery slowly and you would not find the glassy characteristic ^ A. No. sir. 30 35 40 J Q. But you would find tlio samo .ouatituf.nt ,1,. • , ■ , 1 • V, ii. 1 . ^ '"uacuiiont, fhf pnmo inincrni^ in the Q. They may be lost in that process or w.,ul,l ,.,„,i,i„, ,,;„. ,,„,, „,,.,^ chemioal suhstonco? A. Tik,v „,ij,nt cnnWv.o ..„„„„.hat dilFerently. Q But for our pui^ose w. ,„ay ,„k,. ,l,i., f„r instance., vuu have f,a1> bro, and aug.te-d.onte. Now, is there any essential ditference in the nunJi'ah which compose those two classes of ro,.ks^ A. Therr is no essential dilTer- enee in the species of minerals, i.ut there i~ a dilTriv,,,.,, however, in the feld- ^^ spnrs in as much as they are f.■ld^p^l■s in iioth ■•lasses of mcks. Q. That is what r mean. A. Th,t tl„. t.M-par, of tlHoal,!,,.,, {. differ- cnt in composition to that of the auaito-dinriK., 15 Q. But what I meant to say :s that vo„ wnnM find feldspar in both classes? A. Yes, you would find feldsjiar in both classes. Q. And if any further differentiation Mcnt on in tlii. rook vo,, would Kct a rock such as you find in the Grass Valley railed ainphiholit, , would vou 20 not? A. No, you would not. The ainphiJMdite wjiioh vou referred to is derived from rocks like the.se and lik<. -abl.ro. l,v exceedingly sreat pressure having been applied to the rock. Q. But th.^ oriivinal rock of which that was derive.l was diorite, vou said. .,r A. The orijiinal r(>ck might have been dif)ritc. ' ""^ Q. And th>^ feldspars that you find in this rock— yon ^aid there was orthoclase and plagioclase. didn't you, yesterdav? A. Vc^, sir Q. Familiarly known as a potash feldspar and a limestone f,.ldspar? \ 30 "ies, sir. Q. Which is which? A. The plapoclase is a limestone feldspar. Q. And the orthoclase is the potash feldspar? A. Yes, sir. ' * 35 The Court: Lime and soda? A. Yes. lime and soda. Q. Now, when these feldspars decompose, alkaline solutions are formed ,ire they not? A. Alkaline solutions may b.. formcl bv decomposition of the feldspars, yes, they may be formed. 40 Q. And it is generally recognized that hot alkaline solutions will take up minerals out of rocks and carry tiiem along when they circulate, is not that fo— that is, precious minerals and metallic sulphides? A. You mean to ask 10 whether the fcl.lspan are decom^oserl by h.,t alk.lin, .nIutio„s r.-rrivod from helow? Q. No, I nm not on that iK.iiit. A. | ,„i^iuHl.iM,M„l y..n. Q. But it is a senerMlly re.o-ni/,,! fa,.t hat tlio m..talli,. fillinj; of v.uns is (.-nrnod from one p\an^ tc anotluT in l,of alkaiin.- solutions, is it n,,t' \ It i8 fjeneraliy Pon.'eded that mineral vin- l,avo 1,,.,.,, deposited in a lar-.. nun.- l.pr of instances by hot alkaline snliiii,,iis. yes. Q. And there aro oertaiu other (-licniir.,,! actio,,, ari-inir fnuu otiier solu- tions. Carbonated waters make another kind of solution; A. The carbon- ated water and alkaline waters are -enerallv topihrr; they are all one solu- tion. Q. You mean that these alkaline solutions earryini; the eonstitucnfs of the mineral veins, meet nt some point n r(>rtain other lot of eheinieal affinities, whieh cause an interehanfre. and the oriirinnl roek was substituted with the min- eral that was in the solution? A. Yes, I meant that the solutions whi(di carry 20 the minerals, cominp up on the fissures, re-aeted on the roek. .lissolved < •rtain portions of the minern'.s in the roek, and deposited, instead of this dissolved minerals, some metallic minerals, whieh exi^t in the solutions in another form. 15 Q. And all that it is necessary for them is to have the solutions meet the 25 chemical aflSnities in the other rocks, the oriiriiial rock? A. The solutions which ascended on the vein — on tho fissures^ and re-a -ted on the rocks, tliev T.ould re-act on most rocks of this kind. Q. Yes, but all you would require woiUd be hot alkaiiiu' solutions con- 30 taining the dissolved minernls and u )ila;ic of circulation for the water to effect this replacement; A. All 1 would need would be the hot alkaline solu- tions: they were probably hot alkaline solmions which contained the metals in qutstion, and the country rock which those solutions could act upon. Q. And a plane of circulation? A. And a plane of circidation. 35 Q. And the circulation is the most important tliiufr in this connection, is it not? A. It is certainly an essential thiuij:. I should say llie most im- portant thing would be that the solutions carried the minerals. 40 Mr. Bodwell: Perhaps that is ritrht. The Court: I would rather have you use his words instead of "circula- tion." It is exceedingly simple wli.Tt lie. says. j:.;^ Q. This is wlint I nm n^'kina; ul„,iif, mi,! I w I.in(lf:ren, ami ?po if you say it U riftht. ill jiHt. ri'iiil it to you, Mr. The Court: Y„„ am asking y,„.,- .,u,sti„ns ami y„u u.ust ...,• timt I ,lo not want to iiiturrupt you ai all. lu i w,. Mr. Bodwcll: T un.Ierstaiul. .v,,iir I,nr.lslii|,. The Court: Hut uh,.„ i, ..„„ms to pLnos ,n„| ..i,.,„,atin„ a,„l a lot of tln.o ,o pyro ...hrn.- tn-ms. I woul,] I.kc to hoar ,l,r,n ,.x,,l„i„,.,l. •I'i.,. witnc a kind ol ghKHary to-.lay. an.l in tl.o n.o.st .i,np!,. for.u. I, i, lil,.. , p,,,,;,.;,,, ,,,,.. d,.s..r.i...s a Ma..k .-yo ns rcPlnn.osis a,-o,M,,„„i,.,l |,y „„ ,.x„,,v;,s,.i;,M or so,„p- thiiij; cIhc. 15 Q. (R^adinir.) -'Ti.c word '..ircuiation' is th. k.y r., ,h.. whole matt.T. ilKTc lins hf.,.n a tendency to speak of de^eendina hifend and aMvudini; enr- rentH as thou-1. ti.e one adjeelive would .-over the manner of m<,venu.nl'uf ail mineral solutions. An aseen.ling tl..w was supposed to luive formed this lode de^eendmjr tliat one, whiio others a-nin, steering a middh urso h-.ve itna"- ^^ ined that ore-forrn ,« derived their or.irin from solutions havin-^ a lateral tlow. In oaeh m.,. a nam.w view of ,he snhjeet is both unphilosophi.- and unseientific; it i.a^ . .., often l.e..n the ohstade to pn.Kress in this hraneh of geolofiv. One great fact confronts us. and that is eiiviilation " 25 That is to say, wherever you have alkaline .,,lntioi,s and a plane of eiroida- tion, you will havp mineral deposits cither fMMiM. water, there you are bound to have hot water. y„u cauunt hd,, u. A. 'ri„>re is anotjier thing that depends on, whether the uunmunU and tl„. .■l„.,ni...l n.aefions will produce sufficient heat to heat the water t(, a sullicient .Iruive, which 1 10 Q. (Interrupting.) Can you say- A. 1 l)pg yciur ])ar(lon 15 Q. (Interrupting.) Can you say there i. any ,,la,.. where v,m <.an say this will not produce ore, that there is any „ne eoiis which oifer easy return to uie surface. The waters have deseendces. ' U I was not asking ynn f,,,- aiiy dedu,.,i„n fn.,„ it at all \ I 1,^^; .^■.. pardon. T thouglit you .ortninly drew tl.u heat In,,,, n,echanieal pro- 10 15 _ Q. Xow, you found in your Grass Valley investignfio,,., ,li,l„-t ,,,„, pvn- hotite as an original constituent of the vock there; A. I did Q. And copper pyrites? A. I hclicvc I did. Q. And iron pyrites-you ccTtainlv did. A. Inm pvrites and .'opper ;,vntes— I don t think 1 did Hud cnp|,fr ,,v,.ites pnnrivelv; I d'id tiiid pvrrhotite and pyi'ite. Q. Your opinion was that pyrrhotite ai,d oyrit,. mi-hr have i,een evolved trom the original rocks hy processes whi.di y„„ ..,11 dvnainn-ehnnieal meta- iiiorphisni? A. Yes. Q. You found that, didn't yon? Perhaps ir would he hetter for me to lead that? A. That is right. Q. At pasi-e 93 of your Grass Valley report: "Too little attention has been jiaid to the occurrence and genesis ,,f pyrite and in-rrhotite, s,, cmunon in the rocks of many districts. Ff.r the study of mineral deposits this subject has the deepest interest, an" other parts of the world. Tt wouhl seen, suitable to reserve the designation fahl band for sulphides formed in schists bv dvnamo-che.nical pro- cfsses, thus not im.liiding in its schists altered by subse,|ue.,t hvdrothormal ac- tion. These fahlbands sometimes appear to contain sou,,, .dver au,l a little gohh ^ That was the result of your observations tliere^ A. That is correct yes, sir. 30 \ Q. And over at page ''^ '•''•'- iiKtiiinoriilnsm will inmirn v c miitrc |,v rcn,.„ f ;, ■ ... • ^ • " "" "* ""■'•'■ti-iiig tciniH'nituiv and "The minerals fonn.r a.v Hilon,!., M.,.,„,„i„„, |,„,„|,|„„.,„. .,,„ „,„^. ,.ov,te. probahlv also s..„,„l.to; fimluT. ,na,nHi,... pv.-i,., ,,„, ,,,;,,„„;,„ ,,,., .,..,lit..s Srondary feldspars are apparenflv „„, f„,i„ed i„ ,l,i.; „,„„,„,. The onginal feldspar alters p. epidote. ,„„s..„vi„. .„d .,,|,„|i,„. „,„ ,. ^j^,. ^„ ,,,,,.,,. Meiide, epidote, Hilorite and pyrite; ihriciiltc 1,, tilniiite. "On of the principal ditferenees l.etue.n tlii. p,.„<,.s .„d dvna,uo-ehe,i,l..al ■aetaniorph:.,. :s the absenee .,f the .vond,,,., ..Id.p.r and ,1... niosii,. .tnie.i.iv i IS elear from tlie above that, as ti,.. minenil serie. „f ,1,,. ,w„ ,„.„....... „verla,, there must fre.p,..ntly be ^,eni ditlienlty experi,.n....d i„ di-lin.nishin,- ,1,.,,',' ni.d the proecs.cs may in fm-t .ura-bially nierae into „u.|, otluM-. .Mmi.v „f th,' jiroduets of the liydro-inetamorpluMii li.iv by surface decomposition or weatlieriim. e t'orinerly I n nmnd 20 eil as caused "Anotlier form of hydro-chciei,,,l alferatm, i,, whirl, hvdraiio,, |,h,vs the most imprtaiit part is scrpentini.ation, by which certain ba,!,. ij.iu.oiis "rocks ^r rich m mipicsia, over hirp. areas an.l to pvat depth, b,. trMnsfnr„„.,l i„,o ser' pcntmc. Bcin- an essentially doop-s..nt..d pnurss >crp,.ntini/aii,.i, should ,.er- fiiinly not be referred t.. weathcrini;-. "Still another form ..f ,.hc„ii,,,! alteratJ.Mi i- thi.l etr,.,.f,.,l bv il„.rmal iisccndmp waters, and which may conv,ni,.„flv 1„. desiMn,,!,.! l,vdr„-ih,.rmo iiM'tamorphism. The results ,.f this may vary .•,,nM,l,,.al,|v accordin- to the ' 'Positim. of I ho waters. If iiascus compminds of -nlplnir ass,.ciat"d with .•■M-ieous vapor arc the chief aj^'ents. it should 1... referre.l in s,.lfalaric mctamor- phism. ['nder certain ciwlithms, the liv.lr,.-inetan...rpl,iHu mav be almost in- ,. di-nii,uuishable fr..m the ordinarv hylro-clicudcal pmccss, whhdi, in.h.od i. to "^ lie expected. "In the rase ..f the ,n..l,l ,|mirt/. veins luav dcscrilu.d. rh,. wat.i- were rich in car,...n dioxhle and sulphuretted liv.lrouvn, and ih.. charactcristi.- result, of the intense metamasomatic action are carbonates mii.-coviii.s and pvrites. "Finally, by another transformath.ii certain n.ei \ r.wrvstallize when ill close iir.>ximity t(. hot, inclusive, ioneous ma.iiinas, principally those in a slate of a.ineous fusion. This is compact metaiiiorphisiu, and its pr..diicts are 40 2(10 15 20 uMMcnillv .•hi.rn.'t,.riz<.,l l,y tl... «,„,„. ,ill.,t,i.unn.|,is, tivnunUu; frosl, M,w.ic np ^i.-gntf whi.'li .•hnnu'teri/.cs tlic .lyiminu-ch, im, al p, ,.,„.,. The miiicralH lonno.l ..re ieUUpar (chiefly all.it.., .p,,,.../, l„.,nr., I,„n,|,l,.„.i... ,,v.■u^,.,„. ami iM.lsit.. and wnllnsf.m.tr, ma-rnctit... pvn-lintit,. u..,l „tli. ts. Whil,. tl,.. .jvim...... '•I""''''"' 1" "■* "'"''^ '" I"'"'!""'' 'i'"' -'■i'ii""l ^luu-ivuHt,- tluu, .1,.. ,',riui„„l 5 ,nrk, cn.itact nicta.M.,..pliisin „..„m1Iv „ink.., il„. „.„,„■,. ,.,,iir>rr; ll,i. i^ 111...- I, ,i..> th.. „,„st, i.np..rt«u.t oiu-s, iiiwl fa.'i. is 111 Its way distiiK't and .•l,ai.a..t..i.islir Still, iiiaiiy pi ■. (m^ui- wl.er.^ ii may I'- .lonhtful tn wiiicl, ,,f tli..s,. ,.aiw..s ih,. ..tlV..|.s ..I'^.n,.,! a.'., dii.., mid ,.sp<..ially dilH.-iill 1-. tl... task wluii. as s,, uft,.n is tl„. ..a.,., M.v...-al kiii.ls of iiu.ta- iiM ;.liisiM hav.. snc<...ssiv..ly allV.....,! tli.. i k-, Anmnir tlu-^. .Icil.tfnl .-asfs must 1 mit..d th(> in..|aiiHii-|.lii.|ii ,,( ih,. |lanii,.r Hill l.n.i.cia-. with thcii- ahundaiit pyrrhotit,. and \w\y i„nuv<\ a-i^n.-atcs ,,f ,piart/ and a iiiiiui.al !-trcii^ly re-'t'iiililiiig pyrcixunc.." Q. Ii. y..iir rcp..i-t on th.. Ophir district, Mr. I.ind-n.n. ymi found simi- lar conditions, or pi^iniary pyrit.. and pvirhotit.. in th.. aniphilM.lit,. of that .lis- trii.t; A. I fonii.l i.yrfh..titc and pyrit.. in ih,. anipliil,Mlii,.s whicl, wcfe de- vi.l.ipid in that rock. T di.i not Hnd pninary pyn-h.itit.. in diuritc ..r any of the rocks whi.'li have co.is.didalt.d from majiiiias ilir".'t. 25 Q. (TJeadiim fr.)ni pauv L>,Vi of 14th Aiiiuial Report of I". S, ("...ological Survey, l.st>2-tt:i.) "Tlu. amphiholit.. i, i..itir..ly of s,.|.oii.laiy ori^iin; it is de- riv.'d l.y dyi.nino-metamorphic procsses fi'oin iuin.oiis i.nks stu'li as .liahases, perhaps also fr.)in dioritea nnd pabbiw." That \va> th.. n.^uli ..f your ol.st.rva- 30 tioii, was it ii.>t^ A. Yes. Q. (Rea.iiiifi' from jiativ iT.T same woi^k.) "Small a!i-r(.aatp> ami stn.ak^ of yelh.wish-irreen opidot.' are ..ften sci.ti. S..aii..rcil iirains of iiK.talli.' sid- l.hides, pn.doininantly iron pyrite- l.nt also ].yrrliotitc and copper pvrit.'s are 35 universally pres.'.it. A s])<.einien from tli.> Aiihiini Kailmail stath.n pves a troo.l i.lea l.y wliiel. a massive ijiiieons r..ck .nay h.. eoiiv. iM|..1 to an ampliiliolite. The fo.'k is .lark grayish-jiree.i, fine j:.'ai.i...l ami massiv... and, althoMi;h c.iisid- ei'al.ly alter..d, i^ives mi.T evidence than iisim! of haviim- l...(.n a .lial.ase. Small sipiave and ehmfratpd eleavape fa.-es of feMspar may 1... fr..i|neiitlv seen. Tt may 40 he mentioned in this place that it is not necessary thai dynamo-ini.tan.oi.i.h.ised m.-k shmil.l exliiliit a schistose striL'tiire. Snin.- raili(.ally ai|.;iliilioli/....l .liahases hav(. preserved their massive striictnr... an.l ..n the otlii.r li.uid tlier.' ar.. sf.nie in which, though disti..etly s.'l.istose, the original angito and f..|.|spar have been V Hi ' 201 lu.'gelv preserved. Grains of pyrrhotito and itiaj;n,.|it(., in pnrt inifrfirown, r.re common in the rock." You arc dnit, „• . f , .K-curate, Mr. Lindgren^ A. I iL '! I: I"'' '"" ^'""'^ ^'l^-n-utions are 0. I mean to sav that si since rli" writing \-,,,i 1, ., i i .•Lange then,? A. Always, of course, nmi,,^ ,li,. !,| '"' "''''''°" *° tliose particular places. nervations referred to in Q. Of those, particular places. But tl.ev ,. c was the result of diabase and perhaps diorite lu,, l^M.^.'^^r"^!;;'""^- '''''' Q. Now, you also found in the (;,,,<. V-,\l,y ,,i, , A, At Ophir, not Grass Valley. ^^hatynuc, r es. 10 11 iron belts? lines'r hll^'o/^r "r^ ^^ ^ '^ '""' '^^•"-- ^^ ^=.-: "These bodies, and the miners, earh- C i r^u :n';;"'":. 'T7 r' ''' "'"^ ^^ hos been adopted her., as a ..nveL.nt ; ' : ' 'k:.;:"" ^'^^' "•':''' *-- p..e: "Though .on pyrites is the mosi con 1 lu'^^Z i'" " ^^"^ nons. copper pyrites also occur, and son.etin.e. irde d » «- '"H-egna- of some econondc importan...." Then In. " f'»"n to 2::'0 :>.ni. ■1^ 262 AFTERNOOX SESSIOX. :30 o'clock p.m., Miiv '2, 1899. Trial Resumed. WALDEMAR LINDGREX. CROSS EXAMINATION RESUMED. 10 By Mr. Bodwell- Q. Tliis shear-zone vein, you say, Mr. Limlarcn, is a type? \ The 15 composite vein shewing several faulting planes is ^vcry common type, yes. ■ ui^' r Y^"' ]'-'^^}' ■i'' •'■"'' ^"''''' ^° *'"''^ '■'"'"^ '" tlie shear-zono? A The wiiith of the individuil planed Q. Yes. A. Each individual plane - each individual fissure, if I may say so, IS very narrow indeed : it is simply a scam. Mr. Davis: Is that question directed to this particular vein, or shear-zone* m general; Mr. Bodwell: I am speaking of this one now. Tlie Court: While you are on that point, T am goinir to ask you two gen- tlfmen hy aixl by, whenever it is convenient to take me to see this intersection 20 25 '](■* 2(i;! in the railroad cut; that is, if vou think it nJli i „ r not. T do T,ot want to go. ' ' '" "^ ""^ ''''^'' *° >'""• ^^ ^' ^^ Q. You say they are very narrou-. Ahout ho.- narrow would vou put th.m . A. rhatis a matter which b m littk. diffi,nUt to .av, because the sub- ^ sequent mineralization has masked the fissure to some extent: The solutions in ascen.ln.g- these narrow fissures h.-^e eaten into the sid..s and in many eases mnske.1 tnc fissures to a considerable extent. S„n.e openings mav have been an inch or two, or possibly several i-^hes. Most of tlici seams, at any rate. ■m were pretty narrow 10 ore ' Q. How deep down would you put them before they reach the seat of the A. T)o you mean to what depth the ve.n roaches? Q. Yes. A. What T call the vein, know the depth of that vein. lat I do no, Inow. I do not 15 Q. Have you any theory about it at alH A. I h 've an opinion that a vein of that kind, a well-marked vein of that kind, nuist continue down to a very considerable depth, a depth cnnMuensurate with the outcrop. Q. An.l originally, then, fissures were ynn- ,„,,„u-, extending an indefi- nite depth? A. The fissures were probably verv narrow. Thev were prob- ably open to some extent, sufliciently open to permit the water to circulate in tiiem. 20 Q. Do you find evidence of more than one time of I do not. opening? A. Xo, 25 Q. Do you think, then, that the calcite was forme.l at the same tim.. that the vein matenal was brought in? A. I am of that opini,,,, yes, as far as the caleite is concerned which appears in the f'eutre Star vein "No. 2. ^^ Q. And yor would say the same thing of the quartz? A. i would sa> the same thing of the quartz, yes. po; Q. Between these fissures of the shear-zone there is altered rock, I sup- 35 se? A. There is altered rock, yes. Q. What is the widest, or what is the average width of those sections of altered rock between the fissures? A. I should say not more than a few feet miyway. That is, you mean the average width between the planes, I presume? 40 Q. Yes. A. I should say not more than a few feet, taking, for instance, the brown crosscut leading from the Iron W-xsk stojie to Centre Star vein No. 2. And I found two walls which were about four feet apart, T should think, that would be perhaps. \ 2ti4 Q. And you distinguish hvf.u-rn tli,. , 1 ;„ ,. walls separatint; tlic planes^ Do vou ,..,11 ,1, i. "'""■''—•'" .^•"" ''•''H them 1 .all the fissures separating the alt^.d ^Z^iry'^lCZ!!; ::^ """^^ ""' Q. Do you distingiiisli botwocn t "■ '•'"•< i" tliose walls ,,.1,1 the wh'u.hyou rail the vol., filling; „f the fw„„, . ^ l" T '"'"^ ""'' "'" ■'"'''^ ^ 1 distinf..„i.sh between those w„lls „n „„e m,J,. ■„„1 Vi,.,, ,"" '^^'''^ '"" '''^'"'^'' "" ■ .111,1 \\ii;it 1 oiisuler Q. I will tell you what I „„.„„, m, , • , there is a section of what I s„,.pose it i< ,„.,„■„„:, , , '""'""" ^'"•^•' 1''""^^ ,litrerent planes? A. Yes. ' ' ' '''"'''■'' '■'"•'^' '"■^"'«'" tlie 10 Q. N-QW, you speak of v,.i„ mii,,^, ,„„| • k. Do you distin^uisl, U..oeu u|„„ v„u ,1 n;'- ''""'':' '""""'•^ in those sections which exist hetwcu ,1,.. pi , : f ' ,"" ""'"" "'"' ''"' '•-'^' tu,t draw any strict division l.etweeu tl„.,l, ! .^ t 'l ''"'"'^"'1 ■ ^^' ^ ^° ^^ manner and more ,.r less e.xt..,isiv(>lv ' ' ' '"''' ''^ '" ^'''' ''''"^^ Q. Then you could not fix anv liim ul,,.,.. , , , ,, and where you would call it altere,, r!: :'';:.:: .r"'/ 7" "-- A. But the shear-zone coiuci,les with tl,e vein ' " ^'"■'"-^•""^'■- 20 Q. I understatid that, hut between th,. pjai,... „f tl„ i a mass or section of altered country rock? \ v "■""'"" '^'''' '' ■ \ • I Here is, Vfs. Q. And that yo,t say is alte.-cl i„ „,, .„.,„ „„„„„,. ^,^ ^,,^ A. That ,s a part of the vein fillin. ,.eally. what is t,.,.„,c,l vein „,att..r 25 Q. That is what T want to ...t at. V„u w„ul,l .,.|| ,|,,, ,,,.,;„„ ,,f the ..ntry rock between the planes vein n.,tter> A. I ..,„„,, ,,.,,, ,^ 3^ vein matter. • """ " "■'!' dU Q Where do you fret your outside wall „f the fissure, of the shear-zone^ A They are jrenerally ,iyen-tlie outside limit of the veins is .enerallv pven y, the walls themselves. The alteratiou of tiie country rock ..hai.,,.s i'u Hu r- 35 acter beyond tho.se walls. "^^ (I In what way; what change or alteration between th.. vein matter and the outside country do you find at the places that vou call the wall? \ Out side of the walls you lind a comparatively sli,aht alterati,.,,, if a„y. ^ Q. In what direction? What is the el,a,.a,.t..,. „f ,h,. „],.„,,ti„„ ,„at vou ."Hi outs.de? A. Outside of the walls v,.u so,uetim,.s fi,„l little .peck^ of py,-rhotite and pyrite in the rock, hut the rock itself is fr..sh. You .-an recog- 40 •iti.- iiizc tlip difTcront constitufiite very plninlv, ami if t |i|v iimnifi'STs itself hy little sjiecks <"'<'"iMlary sulphides which have loun.l the,,- way fro.n the v,.„,. .,„Metiu,es s,„ |i,„. „„tsi,le „f the wall. I we,.hl not eall ,t vem_,aatte,- at, all. 1,,,, a sli,lu i,u,>,v.natiu„ „r a sU?ht >[n-i„kliiifi ot the rnek w,th ^iiliihide-. a. Would y„„ say it had l,ee„ e.va,,.,! l,v ,l,e sn„e fo.ve whieh eivated the veil, matter^ A. I ,|,i, in u\y niiiuinii. 1/ Ami as I uiidei'stood ynii ye>t..rdav. v,,:i unuld nnlv .■ea.di what V(.,i 10 ,.n„si.hT the „lt,mate wall (,f fl„. vein whe,, y,,„ y,,u-Ur,\ ,he „l,i,nat.. point of nunerah/at.oi,^ A. No, I di-l not ,nean that .p.ite. As I said just now, thefe arc no hard and fast lines in nat,„v, and a slight, n.ine,-aii,atio„ nmv be noted even outside of the wall>. If y,,,, in,a,pine the s„l„ti„ns aven.lin- these walls of this eoniposite vein and tiilin;;- that with ,nine,,d ,„atte,> von will ivadily 15 see that it is almost inevitable that s,.,ne of the adjoininj; ro,.k'n,i,st also have lieen attacked by these solnfions and c-han-ed a little, l,„t „nly to a vcrv little extent. Q. This is what you said tn ,ny leai'ne,! fi-iei,d: -.Vow. h,,w would vok 20 then get to the liniit of the hanging wall of the vein pi'ope,-; A. Vuu woiih , iuid the mineralization gradually decvasing. That i. the only thin- The limit of the vein then, even if thei'e we,'e othei-s beyond, would be the limit of uiinei'alization^ A. The liniit of tninei-alization. ye<.'" .S, 1 lunU rstood vou to mean that in looking for the limit of the hanging wail of this N-ein you would 25 f.'llow fron, plane to jdaue until you i-eaehed the liiiiii oi nunei-ali/.alioii ; A. I'nl'l I reached the liniit of a per,nanent and appai'eni niin.Malizr.rion. 1 Liiyht fmd Ijy examining rock under the micoscope some di, iance from tlip walls little specks of pyrrliotite in it. 30 Q. But if you found mineralization which is a op ivir .vithout th .id of the mici'oscope you would still consider you were within tlie possible lii,iiis of ihc vein walls^ A. Xo, no. because f have se^'n in I'ock coming f,'om 'je- iween two veins little specks of jtyrrhotite that a,-e \,-,'ll vi^ilile to the naked eve. lint T have never seen a co,iiph4e and thoi'ough alteration id' the rock. 35 Q. But you would not fi'om a slight or a considei-able (diange in the min- cri'liz;,.; :' think you were outside of the vein^ Fo,' instance, if you found ore ri(di .1' •AlO place and poor in aiiothei' that is not eviilcncr that you ai'e outside of the vein itself, is it, in itself' A. Xot necessarily, no. 40 Q. And if you found planes and mineralization, accoi-ding to what you would still be within the limits of th A. Well, that depends mmii u * , ,non to fin.1 a little lut .,. nun..rali..,u,n .x,e,„lin. ,.,.,,„„, „,, „,„. ,,•;,■;;. ^X'. Q. Yes I k,..w, l.„, if v..„ f,.,„„, ,ai,„ ,,,,,,,,„., ,„^,^„^ ,,_. ^,^ h y , , . tl,ovo> A. F,.„,. tVH n,>,u.. ^ '- l.v.. tu-„ l,„n,i,„ ,,„, Q. Well, if you cauK. .low,, hor. a,.,l f,„„„l ,„u> e.ght feet from that ^oul,l you .ay .t was not another plane, another eorrelative plane? \ If hy goinf,' Wow there I should ttnd .uu,. four feet farther out— Q. You would eall it another correlafiv. planed A, I ^uoDose T might. ■ ly "^ ^ Q. A.ul if you found one a little farther down, four feet farther out, wouhl you eall that another eorrelativ phme; A. I uiitiht or L nii-ht uot Ihis thing comes to certain limits defined hy the Q. anterrupting.) Well, goin^ down there, siv ten feet farther below an,l four teet farther out, or any distance you like for the purpose of illustra- tion, would you still call it the ultimate hangiui: wall, anotluM- plane of that l.nngmg wall? A. I have not seen any stieh plane where the planes con- tiiuic indefinitely. Q. But I am asking you what you woidd say about it? A. I should .-ay it would be a very unlikely thing to find an m.lefinite set of planes like that. Q. But haven't you found them? A. An indefinite set? Xo, sir. Q. You have found one plane over another? A. Yes. Q. Having comparatively the same dip, the 45 degree dip? A. About th . vee. 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 • -I 2('..S Q. And you found mineralized rock between? A. Yc!,. Q. Tlicrefore, you call tlie wl,.,lc. „f thai |,h„.e thr vein> A. In that place yes, Q. If you went down farflier on tiie level and found anotluT leaf out ^ four feet wtL that 45 degree dip, what uould vou cull it? A. If I found it enclosed by tiu> other wall I would pr„bab|v .ay it belonged to that vein, yes. Q. And if you wont farther d.,wn and bmud an,;tlier one v.,u w„uld still call It a plane of the same vein, would you nut ^ A. Well' I uii"ht verv iO likely. Q. Then where is your liioit? What i- ymu- Ibuiting mark for this shear-zone? A. Oh, f(ir this shpai--7.on(!^ feet. Q. Yes. A. For this sliear-z..ne 1 slmubl place lli,. limit alumt twenty ^^ K Q. Why do you do that? A. Becnnse I have never seen them farther tlian that in this case. Q. Is there anything other than the character of the zone itself? Is there any particular line exposed in the country here which will indicate the ultimate bounds of your shear-zone? A. Oh, yes. in a iiuudier of places. Q. What is it? A. In the cross-cut here ircfc ring to the uiodol). Q. The long cross-cut^ A. hi the loiiu ,-ros>-cut in tlu' north drift of the Centre Star; I have e.\ainined the njck for a loni;- distance back of a place near where the cross-cut is connected wil'i ilic >liaft by nutans of a boro hole. Q. You do not find any plane? .\. I do not find anv plane. 20 25 30 Q. And that is the reason you say that i- ili'' limit of the shear-zone? A. That is one of my reasons for saying that is the limit of the vein. The other reason is, the very intense alteration of the country rock beginning near 68 and 35 continuous to point 16. Q. Yes, but that was also not confined to ihc planes beyond, that woidd be consistent to tho vein not going below that level, as well as being the idti- iiiate wall of the zone. A. I beg your pardon. I ,!i,| not catch (hat (pu'stion. 40 Q. Well, it does not matter, it is more a tnattcr of comment than evi- tleiu'c, and it was not exactly what I referred to. What I want to know is this: V\ hat did you find running tiirough this country as a characteristic feature of 10 ihc country, which marks the limit .,T v.,ur ^lioarvcmo' \ t ^ i through th. country a boh of hi,l„v .ninerali.d eltrv t. l'^ .^ZS to the north and to the south. Th.. width of tho,n. a. far .s I havo 1 lerv T IS not any more than 15 to 20 feet, and it is generally less. Q You find the san.o thing-did yo„ exrnui,,.. t„ find uhetlu.. vo„ would 5 not fin.i the san.e tlung w,th reterenee to the vein whi,.|, appears in Xo. .,) west ,lnft^ A. I havo n.it examined that v.in very earef,dly; 1 have seen it. Q. How can you say thoii t].at that ,1,,,. not I.elong to this same vein^ A. because I find a stretch of l,arren eon„,.y with no planes of anv kind s.,nth (it thi.s pomt. Q Bttt stxppose the vein di.e.osed in that drift were carried up to the snrfaee? A. In this drift? Q. Yos, on that upraise, were earried to fh,. -nrfa...., wluTe do vou think ^^ It would come out; where would it appear on th,. snrfae..^ A. f do not know I do not know from my own inspeeti,,u that the win is in this upraise. Q. Have you never been there ^ \. 1 have never been up that raise, on no, sir. ■"'^ Q. You do not know that going ,ip there a plane was crossed that will probably come out nearly on a line with the eoUar of \o. ;? incline ^llaft^ A. 1 can form no opinion of that because 1 have n,it seen that raise 25 Q. You don't know whether that vein belongs (o the shear-zone in which vonr incline shaft starts or not^ A. Oh, I am contideiit it does not. Q. Why? A. In the first place, it is separated from the f'entre Star v( in Xo. 2 b}' a long and barren cross-cut extending over 100 feet. ^^ Q. Then the incline shaft may have passed from that vein? A. It may have passed fnun that vein. T do not know anything about the direction of these veins. This may very well, T may assume may he possible that this vein is a vein \\'ith a somewhat steeper dip which comes up to the surface at '^5 some point near or back of the collar of Xo. 'i shaft. Q. Did you find a vein over here at statiim 40, Iron Mask shaft? Yes, I believe I did find a vein ther(\ A. 10 Q. You did not examine that? A. Xot very carefully, but I sa\i- it. Q. Did you find a vein over at station 111? A. T did. 270 Q. Did you examine that rarefully^ A. I exatnined it to the extent (if taking its dip and strike, I tliink. Q. Now, did you conclude that the.e veins are uU shear-zone veln.s, or are they not^ A. I have already explained that the Iron Mask vein is n,.t in 5 my opinion a shear-zone phme, at least the phaies that-thev a,v hardlv ever more than two well defined planes alon.sr it< course. As f. this v..in yoi'i have just referred to, I can not tell. 1 am not positive al.ont it hecause T have only seen the vein here and there in ,me place, and that may he the verv toot wall for all I know. ^q Q. Mr. King said he recognized inde|Mii,|ent or,. Imdics within the lateral houndaries of the shear-7one. X(,\\-, can not you extend vonr zone wide enough to take in the Iron Mask, this small, little fissnre of the- Iron .Mask vein its von descrihe it, within the .henr-zone^ A. Xo, sir, F cannot nnder anv circum- 15 stances. Q. Why do you say so< It was formed hy conipfcsiv.. fon^. from north to south or from south to north or h(,tli together^ V,,„r shear-zone was formed hy force acting in this direction, was it not; A. I tliiid< it wa. formed that 20 ^\ay■, that is my opinion. Q. Where did that force liegin to oiierate and where did if end' A. That is going into the realm of theory t,i a considcrahh' extent and I am not prepared to state exactly what direction, what size, what extent an.l so on, the 25 compressive force had, hccausc to do that woiild take an oxhau^tivc stndv of the V, liole district. Q. I know, but liere you find strong fissnrino- developed from the Centre Star main vein, don't you^ A. Yes. Q. A very strong line or faulting rttnning threiigh the conntrv^ A. 1 don't know very mnch alxmt it except what 1 have seen of it here. 30 Q. You might find a corresponding line across here to the north of anv 3,5 of the workings shewn ^ A. Might find correspondiiiir vein up there, you mean. Q. A corresponding break or luiitrki.ig through the country ? A. Y might find a vein out there very well indeed. ou 40 (^. Why should not the force begin down here and begin up there to the north and operate all at the same time!! A. Yon mean why should not the losiilt of the force.s shew all through the interval? ■J71 Q. Whv should iKit the crcMiivc cmum- ,,t' il,., *• ..,. . i •* i • • ■ ''"' ' '" III'' t'li'cc-; have its hciniinins over here on one side and ovci' tlicrc ,,ii the otli.T' i • ,, ,- ,, •* 'i i .'» r , ,. ■ ''" >""' ■*''> 'f would not? A. The force acted, a. [ i,..h<.ve, in a uvncral wav fro,,, „o,.,l, to >o„,l, ...d ,l,..re nu,i.-ht he several res.dts. You miirht ti„d as a n-ult of ,hat fo>vc .evral fissures, clean-cut atid wcll-.lcfiucd at s,.v..,-al i„„,-vals. o,- vou ,„i.l,t find sev- ei'iil shear-zone veins throuj;), that i!,tei'val. V.,i, r;,,, i;,,t tell. 5 Q. How can you place the lin,its of your >h,.a,.-.. „„. then in a u.inc.di/cd cotintry like this^ W here are yo,i froi„,Lr to ,,ut it; A. Imv,,,, the actual in- spection— from the actual developments, aloi.o ,|„, (■,.,„„. Star vein 1 fi,„l a ■veil defined ore streak; 1 find tu- • three planes in the lian-in- wall; and the exact limit of that lies— jf you p, i„io detail i, i. iroinu' to l,e a matter of ^^ microscopic detail. Q. :Mr. Lindgren, isn't it ri.tfht then to say that yo„ ,.an ouly ascertain ilie limits of that shear zone with the microscope; A. Oh. i,o. the shear- zone is very well defined. 25 Q. But the exact limit where the force e„ded which created it; A. There arc no geometrical lines in a veil, of ,|iis kind: there are no ahsolnte limits; you cannot say that the mineralization positively ends on this place and beyond that there is absolutely nothiny-. Tliat is not possible. 9,0 Q. That is what I understand you to say. that tl,ere is no geometrical line, as yon call it — I suppose that is as 11. , should take the average distanee of the planes within thoshear-zone, and if I did not find any more jdanes i.evond that average distanee m going to the north ,„• to the south, in the futiuv'or in anv event, I should say that is the end of the shear-zone vein. Q. "What is that distance' \ I,, t),; ,.„ . , i i ii r r ■ ■*• '" I'll.- ••a>e I -hoiild say a few feet. Q. AVhy would you ti.x it there? A. Deeaiise from mv ohservation ot the eroppings, or at the nnnurous plaees where the vein is eross-eut T place it at that distance. ' _ Q. But y.Mi can not say that you have -e.-n the ultimate wall in the crop- ping? A. Tlie exposure at tlu- railroad ent is very trood and -piite eon- vmcing.. Q. Buthowdoyouknowthatyouhavegot to the last plane \ Be cause the rock is exposed for quite a distance north and south of tli,> place where the actual 10 15 20 25 30 35 Q. (Interrupting.) But you have not gone down behind the rock that is already exposed, to see? A. T mean to say that the railroad cut exposes quite an extent — quite a thickness of rock. Q. Yes, as vndc a.s you think the xun ought to he; hut will vou say it is .-... wide as the vein is— as wide aa tl ■; /.one is? A. The exposures at that 40 S8 tl rc i£ place arc so ^ood tbut I do n.,t tim.k ;u,y ,..,..„.iv,. ,„ulti|,li..n,in„ „f vein, could exist without my having ^ccn if. Q. Why .hould.rt i, ,.,!.,> ,, ,„..r.. Mnytl,i„. i,. ,|.,. „„„,„ ,.f tl,inK. to prevent .t« ox.^tenc.- A. ,)1, „„. , ,,„.,,,,,.„„ ..,. ,, ^., . , ,,^,,^, ,,,, ,_,^^^^,^ wnlcr than tins vi m is. • " Q. Of coui-sc, it i.1 piKsil,],. thill it iMii he a good deal wider. \. 1 t i> piNsihlc It ?iiav Q. And the .nost yon .-nn snv fn„n wh.t vm, hiu. sc.n un.o.nrrd is that yo„ thnik It .Iocs n.,t -n any uidrr , i,:,n thm, win,.], i. ,|,„ v„„ tl,i„k it docs not tret any wider than tliat u liifh is exjKiscd nt tiie rmlnxi.l mti A. From what ] have seen tliere and from niiini rous cvusscMi- \ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /. V ..^%v /J 1.0 I.I 1^ 12.2 It m 1^ 1^ 2.0 1.8 11:25 |||||_U Hill 1.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 1 iV ^^ <> ^ '^'^^ , .«^\ ^ T tl.Ir,!- \t rr- .vferrod to one 100 feet in width? A. I lu hink. ^"^ might bo 100 feet in width. "'^ " '^'"'^'-^^^^ ^em Q. And the narrowest one yon know of wonld be how wide? A Well you can have several planes only a f,.w inches apart. ' Q. Down to what width do you kn-'.w of a shear-.one plane? r.ive n.e the i^arrow.st one you know, at the narrowest point? A That i- = , difficult to an^wer, beeause when you .et beyoni atltai^ li.' • ;:ir: ^ -lose to eaeh other .t ,s difficult to distinguish and it final-v run practi cllv into one wall. ^^ hon the walls are a few inches thick they often praHicall • run to ^y'^;.::!^" '" '" ' ''''' '"'''"' '' " ^''^""''^ ^« eontinuc'your suh-.li:- i" Q. You have in your own ndnd .son,e standard, 1 suppose. Give n.e what you call the narrowest vein that you know of? A. Where it is nell d-hned, r should think you un-^ht have a foot wide wall plainly visible. ^ any a'nlSe'""'''^ Are those planes vortical? A. These pianos n.ay dip at The Court: They dip, for instance, with the shaft? A. Yes they are straight. ' "^ 10 15 20 The Court: They run with tiie shaft or with the sink ? A. Kun with the shaft or with the sink straight dcwn. 25 The Court: They dip on the vein? A. Yes. Q. ^^ hat would you call that, what kind of a .one (shewino- the witness a diagram or plate)? A\-ould you say that was as well mineralized ^s the one that you have been looking at in the Centre Star? Yen know that place, don't vou? i hat ,s the Calico district. A. Y.-s, I do. Let me look at it. (The wiiness exninines the plate.) Q. That is a vertical section (referring to one part of the plate) and that ;i::tr;;;r'^'^"^"^^""^"^^^^^^^^^ ^ Yes.^avLj::: Q. Have you bettor characteristics of a zone here than there is there W .-..at you know of the ground and from what you see on the secUori 30 35 40 do. The Court: You understand this section 8he^vn to you, do you? A. I (Mr. I}port really. 25 (■I And yon know there was a vein on the north of that disputed terri- tory called the Silver Jving vcin> A. There was a vein called the Silver King vein on the north, yes, sir. (.). And down to the south there was a vein called the South vein? A. I tliiidv there was, Imt 30 v^ And crossing between the two was a vein thev called the middle vein? y \\ ell, r could not say as t« that. It is twelve years since I wrote that re- or l'"ri :in(i those details are not in my mind now. Q. But the country there was liparitcf A. Yes. Q. Y'on know that? A. Yes. Q. Xow, between the south vein and the norlli vein there was a country tiiai ^vas greatlv lissured and highly mineralized, was there not? A. There VmI- an extent of country that was quite highly mineralized? A. Yes. 40 277 k mt, ana wro.e a cU.criptio„ of M... .vIk.Ic district, and did nut ,„ i„t (l( tnils (II any one vein. ^ "iin' uk Q. Wdl. a.rordinK to this „,a,, I sliow...! you that wo,.M appoar to h. so "oul.l H not? A. [t would appear to 1... ., IVo,,, ,l,a, .nap, yL;. Q. Perliaps I c-an show you another ,,ian her., tliat will .hew it still ^.ron,o. ,iiof..rrin, to a hook.) A. I ^o..,, add. that I ^ Id ,"^ ; :' ;•" f ■"^*" "•^''"- '^ 1 had a eopy of .„v report here; ,nueh ^^ liMs pa-ssed from my rememhranee. a.p..,* """ "Cif" "■"" ""'■ " ' '" "'^' "■""•■' « ".V in ,.„„ Q. (Anotlicr man or plan shewn u-itnnac, ^ ti -. • ^contal plane? A. Yes. '' '" '"^P"'"*^ ^" *'^^ « ''""" 10 15 20 Q. It would appear to he a very highly mineralized country? ' ! thinl- >t was, m general, between certain limits. a country. [ think V ?'thin^r>"'' ""'! ''"''" ""' '"'"•"' ''•"^ ^^««*"^^^ '•" «---al directions? A. 1 think It was, from my recollection, yes. directions { ^^^. .^ part It . A. I did not say anything about that particular par^ 25 30 35 ncated the lar,.e fissures? A. I would be inclined to believe it was. Q. I noticed yesterday, Mr. Lind^ren, in giving your evidence vou .poke ; t^ 01. ,o,n, down the incline shaft as being litcrallv continuous; ,m ^^ 40 278 The Court: Downward? A. Down, ponitivoly continuous, in a way that you eoiiki put your pick on the ore. Q. No I was asking ul.ov.t the outcrop. Vou spok.- uf tin, „utcrop mi be- ing practically contmuousi A. Ye.s. X Yes ^'"" '^"''^ °^ "'" ""' "' ''" ""'"" '''"^' "' '"''"*^' ^'^^'^""^ ••'•ntinunus^ Q. Did you mean that thore were breaks in the oro in the outcrop? A J here might be a break of a few inches to a foot. Q. Well can you say whether there is or is not any h.vak in ,h.. ,„„- n-op; A. There are several breaks, yes. One break at l..nst that 1 recol- Q. Where did you find the break? A Where a dyk. cro.^.es the vein. Q. Whereabouts wotdd that be? A. About 90 feet fmn, the X„. 3 15 shaft. The Court: To the east or west? A. To the east. Q. Vou find a dyke? A. Yej, sir. Q. ^ Goinj; east from that point do yon find any other breaks? you do find a break at the railroad cut. '20 A. Yes, g. \\ hat IS there, a space .; ^.arren rock? A. Xo, but during the I.r<.cess of grading the outcrop has .e.n covered over naturally with ballast and ties and so on, and it is not visible for that distance. Q. You did not pick down underneath to find out what there was there .» tliat fill in the railroad cut? A. In this here one, I did not. Q. So you cannot say whether or not, below that artificial covering which the railroad company have put there, you cannot say whether or not there is an actual break in the ore? A. I believe I did see it in the trench on one side of the railroad. Q. Did you find a break in the ore, a break in the cor tinuitv of the ore 2 A. 1 did not find the ore over the space occupied by the railroad, except I t .nk. in one place at a little trench at the side of the road, where it shews a little cropping; otherwise it was covered and I did not attempt to uncover it. Q. You said you found planes? A. I did. 30 35 40 279 g. ^oM .aid yo„ fomul pianos .trikiuK acr.m tho cour.o ,.f ,l,a,, ont-ron n. .1. rercn, ,re..t,>.,n.-di,l .„. ,,v thntf I don't know wl...,!,,.,. v„n ...id ,1 ., .r .M.M.ut iH that M... fart? A. 1 d.m-t tidnk I did. ' 5 g. W.'ll an. tl.oro (.lun.'s slrikin,- a.T.K.s thr o,,!,.,-,,,,? \ Tl-rr ia ..nr plane ^.inkm^' acrofis tlic (.ntcrop. Q. Wli.ivisthat? A. Imnu-diatHv at (!,.. railr j nit. Q. Vun t„i,nd M„M.. oti.or? A. \„n,. that I .a., r.voil....( now. 10 Q. Will vnu ^rivo „u. tia. coniso or dimtio,, of the first fiO foot of tl.o ore iron, ,1,.. No. -J indino sl.uft in tl.o ouVcropi A. Fro„, tl.o Xu. i indinei l <; 1 OS, sir. *■' (^ Coin.u wost? A. TIr. dinvtiuM i. a frw doyroos. porl.aps 10 de- >rroos, soutli .,f oast; tlio dustanoe from tl.o p,.inf Cd f.vt wost of the Contrc Star No. 2 shaft t.. tho shaft: that is tho distnnco you mean, I prosnnio. Q. Well, the tronoh onds away fi,,,,. that dire. . Hndioatinff on n.odol) pivuy nearly at— well, at a voiw lai-v aii-lo, doe. it? A. [f mak.- an' anulo. yes: tl.o oiilorop n.akos a Lend there. Q. WV.l. is that the ontorop that makes that i)ond, or is it the troiich that -'^ makes the l)en-' i..uLir.cfi ine iracr ^ the ( ent,-e Star incline Xo. 2, how wonld those two f,,,, A\ hich fractures do von refer to? 'actni'cs join^ A. 30 Q. The f,-actnre in the vein or in the ore exposed at tl.at point cast of the -■iuu. .Id the fracture n^ich appears in that trench for the first ol/^ fr^ tl.c ^0. 2 ineline? A. I shonld .say it is not exactly the .sanie strike. ^5 Q. You have not mapped it and so yon cannot tell? A I l.Mve not I'lapped It, simply took a bearing. " Q. Did you trace the outcrop to its uttennost western limit' \ J 40 \ No. T .o not. r re er to tl.o ...ntinnous ontcvop M-luch I .nv .In..!, I.^in. ai 5 tlie wcstorn skIo of tl.o Xo. :5 .Imft and is continuous fo,- W tVct westward. <^ It ii'ocs 30 feet west licyond tliat points A. It docs. Q. T]mtisrio.ht? A. It i. not exactly west, bocausn it is a little .south ,0 ..f west, and .as an genera! the same direction as the outcrop shewn lu.re fiudi- rfifiiig on model). Q. It is just to kn,.w if you and I are talking about the same tliiu- M'iU >un us h.y your ruler wlu.. you find that outcrop on the phu.e th ^ f i hnd the outcrop „. a direction somethiuir Hk,. tl,a (illust,.., 1„ ' , '^^^ .>>odel), ven- n.nch like that, and I find i; for a t W^: ';: ''^ "" ^ay, nhout this distance (indieatin, on mode,) from tl.: ;:;ii;;; :i ^^^ Z^ Q. Is that the end of the outcrop in vour opiuion' A T 1 I ^ e : l.-yond that point, an.l tliere is a ixrl .i,,'.,, . ' , '^^ } ^""'^'"' ^"^' '^ 20 Q; -Vo A. Yo,i l,,,c,. tl.o .,«,.,•„,, to „ tli.ta,,,.,, of 30 fcpt .«v t„ tl,i. U. Have yo„ any doubt in your own nund whetiuM- it continues throu-^h ..MlK^san. direction? A. I dont know w.u ther it does or not; I have .:;!; ,, not. plnu^ A. It is not. '' ^^ '^°- '^ ^haft, ,s not shown on the Q. 1^0 you not find, Mr. LIndcrron, i„ oN-unini.Mv tl, • , u>. I DolicNf I have seen tliose two varieties. .i-n, ™ffi..,V„, ,„„„„,',■„, .C s„„jc.;. ■ ' '■ ■■ '""' '■ ' """' »"' ,„ • v. I eontoi-s J was nor nwarc ,,f the fact. Q. Xow. r noticed in sp,.akin.. of the nuul-seani vesteniav and to-d.u 9-, y- -iKl not reeo,,n.e any n.oveu.ent on that plane of an^ uKuucnt" V A '" ■""■•^""uni auiount of a foot and a-half or two feet. ' „„..,?;, ^'"''' ''"'' •■"" '!"•■ '••^''^■^"" ^^' ^••'.^- ^l'''f that movement did not occur A. I ovome„t. 5 Q._ At any rate, these circumstances w rocks tooi* A \r ,-„ * /• ^'* ^i^lorablo extent are oftener accon.panicd by s^- :;„ ,.L. "^^ "' """ .ni..t b. ...ested. The one is^^llt ! dy^ lat^'Z^^ r:^^:;:: ^^ n.ass of rock, but carher than the minc-alization of the voir.. The ...e^Mh y would be that :t . a segregation of material, having taken place in ti , ten magma just before it was consolidated. Q. What would you conclude from the fact, if it is a fact tint von fi.ul In "'^ ». p« of «„,. ,.,„..od .e,.H.„^. ,e„e,,,,, „ ...„. ,, jj:!;; 'l' „ ' , Of It for a ccms.derable extent of territorv a much finer "run..,! vr„.l- f the C.„tre Star inclino No. 2 to Xo. SH-st as an m:.^:: ! ' ! Z ^Z that :t ex.sts there-fine grained rock, and fron. the Centre Star incli e^o ^ ,- a eonrse gram,.], njuch heavier, basic rock than the other; would vou dra; an^ concl„s.o,.s fron, that m itself? A. Well, as a matter of fact, there is Z .,>ute such pronounced divisions here, but you mean if there were, T pr. sume Q. Yes if there wero what would be your conclusion? A. I would "^n draw the conclus.on that the crystallization of the „.olten magma has proc ed d m a somewhat irregular manner. proceeaed A No iT^ol'n '■ 'r ''" ? ^^■'^^r^^^'^^^^ '-<^- '''^together different conditions? A. No, I would not say that. The difference in the case of rocks in this district .. !!< not sufficient to say that. ^^ Q. You cannot say, then, that the difference in tbn nrv^tnir .• • , rocks, or the difference in the association of t^ c ns t uT ,"" '" ''' •.ere any indications of the different condition J^ ::: hTtckr ""^ -led or crystallized? A. They are indicative of a c::.^ cMere^t ^"" '' Hneti^? ""1."" Tt'l -rr iV ^^" 'r ^"^ ^'-' --^^^ ^- clo not thmk the differences in this rock in the immediate 10 If) 2S.- ^ i.inity nro s,,,-!. ..s ,o infer thoro were any ,x.rv rndirtl ,l!ff • , Q. And ynnr answer w,.„M ,.,,,,|, „ ,,,^, ^^,, A. Ihe whole territory as far „. I have exnn.inod it. ' ""^''"•""""•'• Q. Von have examined all ih,. tn-ritorv in ,11 ,.„. • . • Yea, sir. ■ '" '''i'"t<' m this action? A. .1. I* Mri-riT" r'"v: ■ '~ •■""•' -^ "-™ -'■ -i- "-i^ ... n/.T l„ tl... ,lvk,, now; d„ ;„,! ''""'""'■' "' "'-"« ™-^« ,V« i.'.l Q. ^'";^''nv.v-.uth,.nnml,er that von did discover^ \ v ., 'I'^t- I ccTtainly fonnd a dozen. ' ^isunei? A. ^o, I have Q- Twelve or fonrteen of Hu.n.? A. Yes, I should say that en.y. P^ .•sile^:.;::.::"^- ';^ ^•;;;;;;,;'-^ ^ -"^''^"-W.^ i-rortanee, as to size, Last, ean 1... traced for a emiside llo r 7' ^''"*^' I-"'^'■^^""^ ""-f "f then, at 25 "' '=' • "-i^t i,c,ow yon n;;,r;";M;r ::r '^^^ ^^" ^^^'-^ ^^ «"•• ^'-'^ i< to^y, there ha« 1 ■ ^'i h ^^ L ^H-rt "'""1"" '^'""^ *'^ ^^'^-' »'-^ -'•e open to adn,it the n.Z ;^, ^d! "'" '' " '•'" '"' '^^"""^ "''-^ f'^nned. Tho,,. ,,,.^ f^„. . '>:'"" ''''"'' ""^^- ""istitntes the dvke, were '-^'-H- folio;; ,::^i^:::; : r r ^^f i^' ^" ^"^ ""'-' '"-^ ^"^'^ ^" -^ ■■' l^'tcr tin.e than the chC ' '" ""' '""" "'^"^■^^''-' '-- --ated at ^ii../tit,;:^:; :::tt::in ';;;;:;!Hrvf -^ — - ->■ -^^ t.. ,...,... "•• two, hut an extensive mov 1 en f , ^7""" ' '° '"* "^"^"^ ^ ^^^ "Ion. the vein fis.snre.s, you mean? "" ""'' '"" ^" *'" ''''^'^^y' Q. Along the vein fissures, yes? A. I eannot say that T have. 20 30 35 40 Ml". Davis: Tl latiseastof thel.i^dyke, isit? 2M Q. Wo will .ny oaM. „( tl„. \,i^ ,|vk,.. tl,..,,-^- \ l i„ , , rnrnllol to tl,|. ,,,„„., .., ,., ,,,„„,.„, ,. h. Hn\ ! ":;"'\'""^""""" MH.«n. if I nn.l.Tstn.ul v„u ri^l.ti ^ '"' """ '" """'• •^■'•" Q- \V..1I. I will t„k. it timt wa.v first. Mr. Li„.knv„? \ f . „ I ,ii,l -t; anv nH.v,.nu.nt l,v whi..h. w. will sav, th. wall., f„r ill.Htrat Ln' ,. "* • 'lit I iiiivi- not toiiiul anv particularly. ' Q. \V..|i l,,,v,. v„„ (•,„„„! .Mvti.in;,- ul,i,.h u„„|,| i,Hii,.;„„ „ |.„,i, „t.,l '^>''~^ "' -i- 'Ine ro a vortical fa„l,i„, .,„ ,„, ,;,..„. "'"•-"'• ,5 have, ' •^' ' ' . I Q. Whore luve you found flint? V If „l , -i No. .•iinC.mroStarm.rth.inft. l"m.,l .,„... ,.v„|..„..., at t, .. Q. You are .peaking w<,«t of flu. I,io.,lvko? A. W.-t nf ,i,„ |,i„. ,ivk. ALisk \cin has been thrown some 20 feet. Q. To what (In you attrihiite that throwin..'' \ \ 1 'Jl-.i«ht. A. \cs. JlK. n,oven,entH. your Lor.lsl,i,>, w,„.l,l pa, el to thj 30 Til.' Conrt: That. is. it would move with the dvke thenf A The |nov..,nent ha. taken plaee an a fissure whu-h apparently'lies in the .Ivke.'and it •^ aken ,„.... ,,er H.an the dyke. It is a fissure created after tl.. d ke ha iiiiiflc Its appf-.irinicc. • The Court: There are two d.vkes there an.l the fissun- hetween? A I .ore .nre two dyk-s hut the fissure I refer to now is i„ tlu. nd.ldle of the cast- '"I I\ (I VKC rnek between the dvke. not bet The Court: I kn.nv, but the fissure ,vou refer to is within the dvke and between the two dykes? A. Xot between the two dvkes. ^^r.ll '-"W '■' tt •JS< Q. What .lo you tl.ink beounos of the niu.l-soa.u U, ,]„. w., of V,, 4^ l^..K.n tho vo..t...al d,ko, the .t.-on, vertical .1,,. ,„„ ..„ i,. [,' ^l^, Q. nav..„-tf„rnH..lanytheorvaUutitat,alk A. I ,li,l n„t .,.,. it C ■"',-,». UVKB. .V. (J, I ,1,,, mill .^,,.|,., / Y ■ no^n^v« on th. .ud.ean. b,. t.,o „„„,-...., i,.,f ,. , .i' ,,„^:,:;: :u. opil;Ll'':;;rthar' "' '"™' "'''■■' "•^^■- ^^- • --''^ - ^k.. >.. ..xp,.... 10 15 Q. ^^■i'P'-*^ ™ulcl it naturally come to tl.o surface if nro,V,.t..,l , ,1 i- wbch you sa.v it had at the Centre 8tar end line X. I ' a i : ni , l" '"T Q. ^^ini tliink tliat on the -surface there «-,,„l,ll .1 • .rushed rock to identitV it bv^ V V 1 t ", , " " '" """^ ..n^, I and .and, suhscjuent .lacation. an.l it wo.dd nut he likely to si,eu-. Q. Xow. did you not notice ealcite sean.s aI,ove and below the nu,d-.e.uu ■' ^""^--"t Pl-."s u. the course of your investigation.^ A. 1 Inv. , f^ |ilaees, ves. '" '^ '' ^^ 20 .^..l.Jllnirkt'Xr ™™"-;-'''f; - « ...,i-. „ 3. .11 .11, pmces. xV. Ao, sn-; I do not r(Mnend)er tliMt T 40 _ Q. But T understoo,! you to say there was no jointino. of anv description -nnny.^ those panes? A. Why, I don't say hutlhat uiere is.' ^^ ' 1'.', but :t was not pronounced enough to call ,ny attention to it. Little ver!!enl 288 i;;-; « v,.„. .„„„„„, „„., „,„. ,„,^ „„, ^_„^^^_. ^^^^^ ^ ^__ ^^ ^_^^^_^^ ^^^^ .i»u;,„ne;rT-T;.T',::vf,™''';^" "■ -'"-' -'■■• ■ ■■ ie^., 1 jia\c he,.,! tlioro. jq Q. ^^'t'll, have you .i-ot your notes of that? .V t i.ov. ren,o.nI.cr seeing them. ' '" ""^ *' "''^^•' '^^ ^'"^"'; ^ ''^'"'t 1^ the vein seam shews it. ' I' f^^'ently m-us, because Q- Tlicn miners would not as a rule Ivn-o tl,n cr^r ^ ■ ■ ^^ the tunnel level? A T ' '""^ ^^'"'^ ^''f^ ??"f><' "'v in n'om- up from Je.el. A. I presun.e not if it was worth while takiuo. out. ' Q They would not leave tiie vein on wl„V.1. fi. tl.at is not the practice of n.iners? A 7^^J'T'^ ."""'^ ^'"•^•' ■^ "P-ise wns made; 1 don't know anything i>:,t it '' "''^* ""^ ^^^* ^°- '' Q. ^^"ell, have von ascertained ' Vnn „•, ... • . i , «'-t th,. dip of No. 4 raised V 'ycs fi, rTf "''^' *'' ■""'■ "'^^'^^ 'J"he Court: Station 52. A Stntinr, -.9 ,.„, t i. 289 raise? Q. You hnvo (lips taken in the upraised A. \\ Ml uicaii in Xo. 4 Q. Yes, in Xo. 4 upraise for instaiKv. A. .\„ I .Inn'M i; ii except I Wv fro. the tin.o ..f .uv examination ti.t •; 'JJZwtZll''' Q. Now, tiujn, Xo 2 raise is distinct from X,.. 4 raise, ai,out SO fcct-00 teet^ A. S(mi(.tliin,£r like that; SO feet I hdicve ^ l jl Q. Practically on a line, is it n..t^ A. Practicaliv on a line, ^ l^ ot the w..rk v., are 1,„„„,, „. ,,,.„ ,,,,, ,,,^,.^ ^ ,^^, ., ^^^ ^^ ^ , ; P No. 4 r .0 M-onld .nterso..t. are vou not? I,.. ,o„ understand uha, f u caZ I do not express inyselt ve.y clearly-you are l,o„nd fo strik,. that li„ s" ,e -liere ,n that upraise, are yon not^ A. [„ Xo. 4 upraised .Inced fronfxo :. ^ "'™'" '"" ^^^' ^°" '""^^ ^^"'^ =' ''^ -'-'' '^ P- 10 15 Q. From tlie top of Xo 4^ \ r 1 .,•. •. . .--1 by "line produced." " ' '""^' ""''""'""'^ "-'"-'^ .^•- 20 Q. Lay this sheet of paper as the way tiie vein runs across the Xo. 4 .a.sc. A. llH. veni runs across the XV 4 raise L.ce this^ (Illustrating). Q. Yes. A. Yes. ^^ Q. Xow. tlu.u, produce that lino and you are bound to get part of tint -ISC, are you not. A. Produce that line and you would come [ v , 1 ^v n little in tl... hanging wall, or somewhere in that vicinitv. 30 Q. Xow, then, you would find the intersection of the vein in Xo. 4 in Yo raise, then, would you not? A. I think that the explanation, If you drif" .on uat vein rom this pointier Xo. 4 near the top. L will sl.v, of Xa 4 ...ise, ynx would c.-cntually come into the Centre Star Xo 2 vein ' 35 ^. ^^^ Q. Yes, and the vein which runs through. A. That is my opinion Q. The vein which runs through Xo. 4 raise would certainly be seen at some po.nt or otherin the Xo. 3 cro^-cut, that is, taking it from that pj:; t. 40 tneend^ A. If it ran m any other direction. Q. If it did not come into the Xo. 2 raise, you would find it somewhere in tin- cross-cut? A, les, T should think so. X 290 10 KE-DIKECT EXAMINATION. 15 By Mk. Davis — ring to at that time, the Iron Mask drift? ' "'"' ^' ''^''■ Mr. B„dwell: The Iron Mask upper drift. A. Tlie Iron :\[ask upper drift cause the veins intersect at acute angles. cl..tance, be- 0.^ t?' ]l '' ' ^''Tn"^ n^-'itlie.natics, is it not, if one vein were 20 feet wide and the other were 10, coming down the inffle tn fl„ i i , ' «— ,0. e,.,i,e,, c,e„ of e...L,He. nl ,1 ^^ 't "'ZZ '" "'"* 20 25 30 35 Yes Jcv. Q. The result would he that it is only a matter of figuring it out? A. 40 a You spoke about finding pyrrhotite in the country rock in Grass Val- ^^ as the rock which you were speaking of there primary rock or sLTnlfv 10 bat 15 291 '""t i^ t., .,-, u. p,n.hotit. h«: been z^::zt^::::'t:: T "'i' uK.n.s tc. tliat l.y w].i,.l, i, appears in the vein. ^ ' ^""'"' """'■ Q. The r„ck lien., is it primary „r s..,M,.i,larv' \ l, ; rock. - ■iu.ii,\ . .\. 1, ,, ,^ j„.,,,„|,.y 5 Q. TW you found, as far as your ol«crvation has ff,.„,, ,,vrrl„„ir,. i„ tlu- mintry rock hero away from veins? \ Yon „,..„, ■'■""."' '" ""' Htituent? " "■'•'" "■' " l"'"n;iry <•,„,- Q. Yos. A. 1 have not. The rook in this vi,Mnit^• is rnnnrkahlv free fn.n not on y pyrrhotUe and pyrire, but even uK^notite! ulnH. t ..^ ■Ml exceedingly common mineral in en.ptive rocks. ^ Q. And th.. prin.ary rock which you spoke of in Grass Vallev, was tl the same rock winch von find here? A. Tiu.t was a diabase. ' Q. That would be a different rock from wii., you have here? A Tint would be a different rock from what you find here. Q. :\Iy learned friend iisked you about "fahll,and." Will vou .lescribe .hat the difference between that and a replae.ment vein, we will s da vou have here. A A fahlband is a term the old (ierman miners I o certain roc-k, and lU-defined streaks in schists and schistose rocks which c.: i . d n,ore or less finely disseminated grains of pyrite, pyrriioti,e. chalcopvri.e an other things. Those fahlbands, as they are called, only appear as far is kiw .n .custose rocks, and they are characterized by these disseminated nine ;l..ch may occur in quite considerable amounts in places verv rnrelv excep- ..1.1 in such amount that they will pay to work; but they a're pan,tiv..iy sp^akinfr. TI.o Conrt: What .]o yo.i nuan l.y ••plano.r Von ,n..aM phuuM in a .r,n,t be naturally on a v,.in— if this is vein matter and this is vein matter (illustrating on nio.lel ), your answer is ves. Xow, "lint vein is thisS I recollect your saying in your examination in chio/that it was ilie Centre Star vein, and that M-as the reason yon were asked to give the degree 40 A. (Illustrating on model.) This I regard as the Centre Star vein Xo. 2^ % tfM 20;! TIh. Court: Thnt i. the mmo a. (Vntro Star vi,. X.. oj v N' • i M. v„i„ (ii,„.„,„i,;:",,,;",::;,:;;,' ■■■"'■ ■ •• ' '■<» -v-. .< i „i„ - ";:^:3.^;:;i;;::-:,*,Xr:::r"r'i'"i r," ' if the vein was conti.u.e.l upf " ^ ""'' '""■''^'"f '"^'"ns Tlic Court: Y(,n say Ccmtro Star Xo -^ V,.,,. i • r. Tho Court: Here is the top of this, an.l across, wIm... n.v sti-k is tl • ".n a rough way, y.,u uv.d not l.o exact A \ ' ' *''"■" " '" 'h.. outero,. which is sl.ewn at tl,l. 1 . . , '"'' '"" ''"''•'' '■" " I'"'"^ ' ■■' "■■- >: ™::.i; ::;:;'■'::;;;..*:',.'' - "'■■ • '> '•■"- The Court: '" "'her word., that is parallel to this \ -n . • r-nllel to that. That was the poiut 1 wa^ t:;^!. tl tu, tt. ' '^ "^"'^' The Court: An,l th:„ is ,he first lime it has been brou^l.t out \ y^, I dul not hrinjr it out (juite ch>arly. *^' ^ '^^> The Court : At least, why you say it is ( ■etitro Star vein Xr. o , you don't know. A. JJeoause it r"'■""' ' »••■» »1" s™t J oiunmtnt as Co,„n,M,onfr to tl,e Vi„„„a I.:,po,ilion. 5 fo. the last la ,voa,,, and a. TS , r, Si- "o"' t"T, "? T"""^ transactions. ' ^ °* ^^•'' "'"mal volume of 10 Q. f°'" 187;-; to 1895 what position did you hoUP \ t n- • to some of the other positions, which eoveml 1 e vo d H l" , I" ''''"" 1875 to 1805 consulting- eno-incor of Mo r ' l P'"°^' ^ ^^'^ ^'•^'" A- -rr , , "'"")-. t^"t,incor ot Jlessrs. Cooncr FTpwitt (- r'„ ^ ^ ^ew York City owning lame pronertv o.ul ,,• , ' '' ^"" °^ 15 blast furnaces; I had .tr^e of 1 ^ V "•""'"' ""'' '^'^"^'^ ^'""'•^'•""^ -"^ patents for tl.t firm "^ '' metallur,.cal matters and mefallnrdcal EureL- h;:":^,::; 'V'-^!':::- t^ ^^'-- ^^ ^i. ,rea. ,o other eases. '^'^"^'"^ '" ^''''^ «»-^'" «"'l -'i ""-nl.er of ficvs and 1 have been coXlgt t f Tn ^r? T""^""" '"^ '''''''' '"""'■ '' charge of mines in the Roekv ^i^^^^Z^^T' ^'^ '^"^'^'^^'^ '^^ :^rsrrr--' ^ --' -- -- - s::t: •: ™;f 30 Q. I Ijeliere, you are also ii member of the XewYovl'Tn.. „ , . 1 .,„ a „,o,„,„. of tie Ba,. of ,„o S„p«,„e Co'^f e StrofXerYo;^ ».l al,„ ,1,0 Federal and Circuit Conrt, of the United State. ' Q. You arrived in Rossland about what time, Doctor^ otii 01 April. A. On the ^q 1 >s action? A. I have been continuously in investigation npon 207 that sul.joct every Jay, either in tlie nunes „n the f;ro,.nd or uver maps ami so fortli and specimens. Mr. Davis: As we are jn.t at the bepinninp of the Uiaterial part of tlie mtroduet.on of this examination. T ask that wo not hreak it in t^vo and take it ^ np to-morrow morning. Therenpon an adjonrnn.eni was taken to to-morrow mornin- ^rav 3rd 1899, at 11 o'eloek a.m. ^ ' * " 10 15 ROSSITEE AVELLIXCxTOX RAYMOND-A witness for defendants, on the stand. 20 DIRECT EXAMINATION RESUMED. 25 By Mr. Davis — Q. You have examined the ground in dispute here. Dr. Ravmond, and 30 Jiave heard the evidence up to date, and know what tlie points in dispute in this action are? A. I do. Q. Will you please tell the C'ouit fully the conclusions that vou have come to in reference to these matters in dispute and your reasons for <-oming to 35 that conclusion. A. In my examination of this subject, after havir^r famil- iarized myself with what had been previously put into the case in the way of evidence, maps, etc., and pleadings, I addressed myself to three questions,' the ^iiine three questions which i[r. Davis stated in his opening, namelv. is there within the lin-s of the Centre 8tar mineral claim the apex of a vein; second, is 40 there extending downward from this apex into the Iron i[ask mineral claim, a continuous vein going as far down as the so-called flat fault, and M-ithout anv in- terruption between the apex and the flat fault; third, does the flat fault cut off or destroy the identity or continuity of that vein, or to what extent, if anv, docs p I it affeet the ,,„.,,,, f ,he v.i„. I have ...no, .s ,. ,.,.„,t of n>y oxu.nination .M.I stn. „t he ground, to these conol,,.!,.,.: Hrst, that tluT,. i. sud. an apex- l...k n down to th,. flat fault; tlnnl, that th. Hat fault .1,,.. n..t i„r,...n.pt its , !>ra..t,cal ....nt.nu.ty .„• a, all .,l.s..u,.o its identity. An.l with the p..nni.si ' you. ^rdslnp. i .,, tak.. ,.,. tl...., tln-ee points an.l ,ive the e i.l..n..e upon "■lu..h J hase n.y ,.„..,.l„s,„u i„ eaeh ea.e, afte.- whi..h I s,,, ir will he apnn ,>...,e. l...ause ., .ill sh...l s..,.,e si.Ie li,l. „,„, „.e islu,., alth,! J T ^l ,Kl,n.en It .s not e,s.ent:allv ....nneeted with then., I will ,ive ,nv .J.iuion .1 ,, the r..Bult of observafon and study h.Te. as to the elau-a.... .,f iha vin al t ough an n,y 3.,.lgu.ent the el.a..aeter ..f the vei,., if it he . .,„•„ „.,, , , ..,.;„. OS, as ent.rey a,-.-ev..lant o. the i.ssue in the ..se. I M.pp.,se. h.,wev..,., a e - planataon .,f he eharaeter „f the vein would he relevant as thn,wi„g s. „e s .L ia^h up..,, th.. .,U..lh^en,.e .,t nay exan.inati,,.. a.a.l ,he .va.,nal,l.t..ss ^iZ ,- conei.isions regnrd.ng it. ^ lo in apex is pu.'ely r elai.ii pninfcl out t.) Fii-st, with regard to the apex. The existence ..f .u.'li a .natter of faet. I ha\-e had the lines of the (Vntr.. Star el n.e ..n ti.e surfa.-e, an,l [ have seen als.>. on the ...aps which are \n ..vid.Mnv'a.id swoa-ai t., a,.d T have tra.-c-.l the apex f.-o.n 30 feet ..r 2!. feet west of the top of t.ie .No. ,5 an.-line shaft eastwa.'d t<. 4(» feet Ivy.m.l the t..p of X,, ■_>, 20 25 30 The C'.n,rt: T' • ..uterop. A. The oa.te.'op. An apex is ,...t n..e.s. sanly an outcrop, hut it is better to .say the outcrop he.-.., luvause for th.l -lis tance the apex is tl... .,u„.r.,p. If it M-ere cove.-ed ,.p s., w.. ..oul.l not ,.et at it at any poant. at would still be the apex, if it was the upper ed,e of the ve^.a near- est t.. the ,s,.rface; but in this case, by the w,T..chi.,g whi.-h has i„.c„ .h,„e on ilie s.,.-face, this apex is exposed f.-.„u one ,.nd to the other, as .t p,„.e ,„atter of lact, th.eref.,re, I have foun.l such an apex a.a.l traced it toot l,v foot fn,,,, the poi.ats named west of the t..p of Xo. .3 i.acline shaft eastwanl to' -to feet bevo.ul shaft X.>. -2. ^ow, before T p.-ocee.l with the further points i,a mv cnLIccc na the beginning I beg leave to aaaake some exi>lanation of a v.-rv ni.l,. „mk1..] T have prepared to shorten and simplify the testim.mv 1 shall siix-.. This mo.lel is .,n the table here, and I will presently explain it. 'bui bef.-re I d.. that 1 wish to apologize for its shortcomings. I am called upo.a the stan.l a we.'k or ten .lays earlaer than I expecte.l t., be, and I di.l hope to have got the material as w.ll as the tmae to a.aake a aiaodel, altougla T do not tlaiaak it w..nl.l mak.> things any clea.-er, which would have more exactly and completelv c.n-resp.,nde1 20i> in this iikmIcI ,,11 flic difromil pIuikn mIw.«.„ !,„.„ .u- , .. ,. . I-Iano fin.li..„ti„,) an.l ,1.... tw .. ^i ' Z^Mn 1 " l" ""l'?' ''f' , ;, T^- /'"' '■•^'•^"'t "^ "'«f "•!" '•<". tliat i,. ,vp,....„tin^. int,.,.M.tions ...s ho, . ,0 not, the n.pr,.s..,.fnt,on will „ot ..unu. out i„ this , I„, ,,„, th otho. .. was ..xpi,.HH.,l l,v M... ,,,„,.,,.„ „,„, ,„^,.,,,, , ,„ '^ ..ons I,o,w..,.„ ,h„ T,.„., Mask an.l ( Vt.t.v Star vin; rh. in„...s,...tio„ ,„, „ . , s ow. as a sl.o,.t „,tors..Ho,. wh......as it ...av I. a ..oMsi-h.,.,.,.. ,i,„. ,.,1 ,„ •■'-lH.lv thn.n.^h thoclnft; that I wa. not al.l.- to reptvso,., o„ this ,1,|! ^ Tho Tonrt: They ,h, iHvr^ocf ol,)i,,,u.lv a.ivhow' \ y,,. [ ,,:|| -.y th. ,no,I..l now represents it with that qnaiili-ation. In th. n..x, ph,,... thi. .uo,i. Ks .neuT^pleto from the fact that it does „ot eo.ne tMrther e,H than the l"' -No. J ra:se on the ,„ap which is „„.i,.,. the ,„o,l,.| al,va,lv i„ ..,„„, „,„v,.,.inu ..•.e n.o.h.l), and the re.son it does not eon.e nearer it is heeaus,, tl,a, is whe e the workings pass o„t of th.. Iron Mask elain, an.l into the ( Vntre Star eLi, • .no^oo^■e^ Hk.,v was a defieien.,- .,f n,at.n.ial to earrv the .node! on, and , " t ■t, nnd iaek ot tnne, and as I franklv adn.it, at this tin.e it was not ,,1 - to .-..present all th.. plan..s aronn.l the Centre Star Xo. 2 sl.aft wlu ■. tl ^..•■eal npra.se comes in with th.. sa.n.. eonti,!...... I ^an tl... planes he: A .h..s op..ns np the d.spnfd ^ronn.l, tl... wl.ol.. l„„,,h of it; that ..„tsi. .„„, -Hk .t .n.t, or ,f I had full d.Ua to k,.ow what heea..... of that , , X ...loth..rt..an.,...s,dtl.,.,,,.,..n,|.a,..lIwill.lis..ussth..n, s,.,n..wat^^ ,:a,.k confess,on ot whatever ohscurity there is ahont then,, lat,.,. ,„.. K.,,- h pr.-n W.11 say that what is accurate in this n.o.h.l is the dip an.l strike o each o these planes; ere (indieatin,) f..r instan..... is the out r..p, h n , p ocluo of t h.s p ane .n the n.odel is the .n.tcrop, whi..l. , have fonn withi ,Tl ' .ntre Star cla.n. and to the east of (A.nt.-e Star X... 2 vein; this Hndica in .^ t e top .,f No. 3 shaft; the o.xtcrop ^.oes .lo.vn here irre.nlarlv. as she.^he; - the surface, th.s . pretty closely drawn to the real topo^raphv, an.l . , over here son.ewhere to Xo. 2, which I think does not beloU on th r he m .^.p .s shc.vn hero (in.Iicatin,), the shaft is sh.-wn he,-e (in.licatin,,, Jnd 1 35 (.nd,cat.in^^) represents the averaoc dip, which is 44 de-^rees, of the P ntr. S vem as taken throughout the whole map, not reco.ni.L, or pavin. at ^ aon to small .rre^tdar.t.es, that, reducing everything to average pLes Zu .another tec .nn.a] defect in the model, which could he ren e.li'e o"iv W ' .carefu , elaborate and long continue.l construction, ....pvin, everv r.^u^ n.t, f.ntn.l under the ,.;.-ound by surveying. For tho purpose of mv'expla;"- -"' ^^ - <.-te ....hfferent to me, T ca. get along Just a' well by presel inlTo 20 .']0 40 ,our rorclHl.ip plans which hnv. 1,....,, ,v,l, I ,„ ,.,.,.,■,■ :. f,„n„l l.v .nrvc-v.. Now this ,,lunc. whR-h run. north 88 degree., est. a hnrixont.! li„c hero (indi- catiiijr), in winch it is tlio apex ^ The r.,„rl ; I „,„lcrsl,„Ml. ,h., i,„.|iMc. A. The al.snlulcl v ,n,c c„„,.He 5 of th.. vcu. .s sh..w,i Uy the level line in i(. I,nr ,|.,. drifr in il w„n ,1 he nn,,|. 88 ac^-rees enst. The ..our.e .,f the ap,.x, a. lont' as it .oes down hill, nil „- stantly make northerly, and therefore it will l,e further north, |,a. the annear- ■!'"■"."" "'" ^'"■•''"•" "'■ '"•'".-• ''"'•'I"'' ""'■ti' ^tlu n..e of ,he :,,„.., on rhe .nr- '"'■" '*' " ''^"" '■"'•f''"'' '""•"' """' Hi- tn nrs.. of ,|„. vein, whieh is ss de 10 Crov. east, and the ,lip is 4 t dejjrees north. .Yow. l„.fore I pr .1 a„v fnrther with that, r wdl .imply say .hat the.e two luulies her,, in pastehoard at the ri.dit nnd left hand of the model, this was set np to r. p, nf a dvke which cros.s..s",t Xo 3 raise, and this fin.li..afini.) was put np intended to represent the dvke nt the other end. I shall try to have it chan^vd .. as to hrina' it to here ,indi- \r, cnting), l.,.canse this ed-e here is the re, A. West of .shaft .Vo. .1. The ^en- tieman who assisted in making this .nodel thonuht I o„lv wanted thi- (indicu- inix) as a support, nnd that I wotdd paste on l,..|ow. hut it'oudn to he .i,|, ..,.1 20 as eoinmp to this point (indiealmu. The e.xaet position of that the,, „ not pom.ct. .Now, co,nmen,.i,i. >vith this apex. T foUow,.] .lown this .lip to the \o .. niehne shaft to a p., :!03 feet, I think-well. th,. point of th.. .-.<) ..„-, .|r'if,' |nu I found ,h,w„ this shaft all th.. wav. in l.oth si,l,.s .,f th,. shai't, a eontinu.uH hody of solid pyrrhorite, ..haleopyrite an.l pyrit... with s.>,ne eal.-ite, a «o..,l ,l,.al ^>r> of quarts an.l silica. The l„..ly has a sharp ,leli„ition i,nm..diat,.lv at th,. top of It: that is tins „,, -iv,- ore is altuost all the way sharply .li-^tin«-„isl„.d tnan the layc.r of the n,..N. ,-ock, whatever it may 1,,.. comin- ah.ac \. ,„.,,• ■,- y -m p.t at It. tl:.. d.aft did nut go so as to disclose th- fo.,t wall or f,.ot ho.lv of th'at soh.l .,r,.. talking al.ont krger bodies at pirsent. hut I f,.||ow,.d .low,, 't!,.. solid .-JO ho,ly .,f continu.ms ore of that chara,.t,.r to that w,„.,.. i„ hot!, .i,|..s „( th.. shaft unt. It str.k,.s the .lyke. whi..], has always he..n mention...! a.„l spoken of here" .nn,l after that ,n the rightd.an.l si.ie of the shaft, at this p. int where the ,lvko i"* stniek. the l,o,Iy is notably large, four feet or somethincj more than fo„r feet ni thi,.kness. That is a point wlii,.h T will ...aue back t,. affrwarls. 35 TheTourt: Do you mean depth or width? A. I mean thickness. The Court: From the to,> of th,. shaft .lown. A. Consi.l,.r it as in the Miape of a blanket laid down. 4u The Court: Do you mean from the roof of the shaft to the floor of the -haft i^ A. Xo, sir; from the roof of the ore t,) the floor of the ore. The -haft 18 SIX feet in height and the ore does not fill the whole wall of the shaft T :ioi nlso followo,] the scam hori.ontnlly without n hrc.k of ,.o.uu...,ion, (1... .a,no l.ody o^^M pvnto, pvn.hotite, ..haloopv,.ito, quart, and oalcitc, tl.ro, .h tJ",^ 11,..,, '"-^ si^f'' iiic a .'oiitiiiiioiis :""'"".' ''"•■■ "■ ""■ "" "f til- v,.i„, it ,1,,,,, i„. „„.|, „ ,, .„ - ■" " ""*' ""0 •«.. *«; ^^mV *:::: ;:;i; J;iH'''"''"'' ' > -'K ,;:::::,;::;! ";:;::ir"';v:,„ ;,:;i;;:"„::;^;;: rr? fvi(l( C.uirt: FJclow „-lu,t^ A. B,.l„w tho „i 'i'l-^<'i"n. I lin,] further Th.(W: lnthc.«W> A. Fn all tho survv.. In all ,l,o u„rM s ^; .-..r th. sea., should oo.,,.., ,horo F tiu.; it .i,h or,: Jl-hon^l , ! ^ ! "^ ;:^ ''at -0 u.ay or u.ay not l.avo hoc, shouu, whether it i. shewn • v I'l^rtn.nlar pent to l^ continuous ore or not, I find it as it ou.ht to 1 i^ ' -' -";:'^- -^•- tlu.t -ondn. on further to the east of , his , ,e, ther Z .-•n.l».rafve appearanees of ore in the continuation of this san.e pi ne "I- .t -nos to any point whi.-h has hcen intersecte.l l,v the worki. ' ,;• -.u^ wLore t „s plane c-ontiuued on to shew in ti,e u,iu; workings, H,|. L . <■ .■ U .s w,tlun a ve.w ,o. feet, within a distance of prohai.le a^a ,uite 1 ^ > hv tho .tiercnco m the thickness of these pastehoards. .nd l>v he lo.. I -mous „. t],e d.p and strike of the vein. .The only exception to'that wo l.n,e ,n the course of th.s von, which affcts the dip. and which would have " '- ^l";;v". 't I^lH'wod it at all, by hu..klin, this p.steho.rd a litth- and ,t l'-n„ ,t pcriectlv straight. Otherwise T tnu.t say, accordiu. to n.v evperi --es ,t .s ,, very ren...rkahly re.anlar fissure; I cotdd hardiv he ahleto ci e a -nre wluH. for so 1,.,. a distance conus out so true to th.: .con.etrical cah-u- l^-tnj.s. so that a n,an c.ui.i prophesy where he would hit it and tluM, 5,0 ou and Xow. we hav.> in the other planes shewn on this niodcl. the Iron :\rask vein Tins ,s shewn correctly at the st^rface. at whic], f],ere are <,ne or two points of 20 .SO 35 40 " J^. 1 ;!()2 the Aom which drops right mto the stopc. 1 know tlie position of the Ir.n \[,.k ve.n by tlie position oi' Uus stope, and you see 1 have drawn her. upon .his phn. e rem Mask e..st drift for the distance which it r„n. npon that h.ne; til is is poi.u, ,hc Jn.n Mask ca-l drift IS sliewn liero in the model. Q. In the red level? A. In the red lev..]. Tl,., drift i. run in ,h. Iron Mask vein. I do not say tliat now and then tlu.r n,.v nut he n.o.v „r h..s of thevein which is irregnlar, it is not matheu.atically concct at all points but the vein is there on the Iron Mask vein and rnns thronuh the dvk.: and at this ]»nnt (md.catn.^) it proves the Iron Mask vein by tl,c s,„p,. whiel. .o,. elo.r to the surface and ends in that shaft. Th.^vforc, 1 have proo. of tl,,. ,„.i,i„n of ''"'•^";"" "•• J^'' ■ i ^''"■^ tl>e proof in this level (indicatino,, and 1 have tho proof in t'^ . tcrop and shaft, so that I can fix both the dip an.l the strike of the Iron • ,nd when I hav,. put that into the n.o.lel with ri,.. proper dip and strike I .. .o , nat it intersects with tl,e ( Vntre Star Yo. 2 vvin, as vonr kordsidp snd the- other .h,v, lik,. the sharp prow of a .-anoe or boat. That is to sav thev n-ree t.. one another in .strike and a-ree to one another in .li„; this dip'iindi- catinj.) I have taken at 70 deprces, which I o..li,.^•e ,o be th.. average dip as it. runs from (iS to r2 dep-rees, annpht to strike the other vein somewhere abont there (in.licatinp), it onpiii to strike tJH' otlier vein, and beyond there if it is continued on tiiaf vein, it .inplit t.> take 11 Httle dip to the north, acc.n'dinp t.. the m.i.lel. X,,w, if y.nir L.mlsliip will look at the model, T will shew y.,u h.,w it hai)pens. Heiv is the Iron :\Iask east -Irift whicdi starts from the dyke, cl.)se up apainst the dyke and close up to the hea.I or top .,f the Iron Mask winze and it is run wholly on the vein as is shewn by the fact that you enter tlirectly from it int.. the st.ipe: it continues ..n the v.in until it comes to that point there (indicatinp). until it pets there, an.l there is the point where the intcrsecti..n n{ the Centre Star bepins t.. cnne in; it con- tiiuics for some Httle distance al.mp; there is a winze there wlii.-h is in.licated on the map below the larpe nuxlel; there is the winz.' (indicatinp on large model); that winze is sunk on the Centre Star plane an.l your L-nvlship will see that from this point JO 15 2(1 .30 40 The onn: I .t „.o ask y„„ this: wo„l,l it „„t i„to,vp,.t ns T nt.lorstnn,] .;.. -n.d.t .t not ,nto,.s....t, „„t 1...,.,. s„„u.wh..,v. ,„• t„ 1,,......,. n,,,,. ,.a,,i,,lv n^ woul.l hav. to I. tunu.! .I.is way , in.li.a.i,,,, . A. Tt has int..,. ,...1 tllCH Tho Court: It lias iiitcrsccii.,! tluMv^ A. It h.,s vein. inidvcctcd at tl II"' (".m: n,at.,s, dnnvinj, an in.ao.i,,arylin..|H.n.. (■,.,,,,, ,l,is,,. , in, ,o t ns ,,,,,nt an.l tl,at .vpresonts hcv tl.e (Vnt,v Sta,. vHn , in.li.a.in. on ,no,lol)' h) A. li,at ,H^.n.s,.nts the Cenfe Sta, vein, bnt I have not. .lisensse,! the pa,- -H'Hlar ,1.,. of the ve,n at that partienla,- poin, : tl,at is ontside of n,v n.o.hV [ '■M yon,. Lonlsh.p s attention to ti,e faet tha, tho low,.,- pa,-t of X„ ' ■> th-.t this "I-use here on tl,e ve,.tiea] vein, is not a safe .lisTaneo to ,al<,. ihi.^Hp of ,he v>'in to j,et tho data for the cone.,sions I am n.akin^ I .-ill .iis,.„s. ti,at af,er- i, wnrck 1 ,lo not tn.nk it hn,-ts anything, l,nt I ,h, not wan, :o p„t a s„,.fa,... in i.ere a. pa.-t .^that ph.ne. The point is, t],at w,.st of that ,.e.ion. we,, of ,he dyke erossnjfr \o. ;] upraise. the,-e is this re^nh„. position .d' th. planes and ae- .onhns to th,s n.odel th.t Iron .Mask d.-ift n.nst inte,-..,, the ( '.ntn. Sta,- phn.-.s and that plane n.nst in,e,.seet the (en,,.,. Sta.. plane in that l,on Afask east drif; .a .IHst at the point nnde,- it here in the n,ap, whieh i^ the on,. I ,h,.w,.,i v„nr Tonl- sh_,p ,n the red levl; an,l fro.n that plane on that work is still ^oi,,,- ,',„ an.i'ths wu.xe was s„,d< all as yon s,.e, on tho Cont,.e Star ,dan.. an,l the In., A[ask vein has ^one a^^■ay under it, k,.,.pin. its own di,.,.,.,ion: it has ^,n,e east into tl„. ri-Wit han,l side of the di-ift. '" 25 Q. You mean k(.,.pino. its ,,„•„ dir<.eti,.n h,.fo,.,. it ,.o,n,.s to that elhow' A. 1 es. The Court: And keepino- its own dii.....,ion it will rnn out h,.,... an.l i,Uoi- qo soot thcrei A. That is what it ,loes ,.xa..tly. lint this pastel.oar,] is too thin to show how lon^ it woul,! take to do it. The two v,.ins aiv to^,.tl„.r for so.ne little .hstan,.,. on the drift, still, the Iron .Mask v,.in is euttino. aeross the Centre Star shaft. Ami I elaim that that eoineiden,.,., when I l,av,> put thos,. planes logothor with tho proper ,lip a.nl strike, whi.-h is all 1 starte.l with to assu,,,,^- .,- .Measuring those ,lips an,l st,.ikes and .surv,.vs, putting ,he two touether with the proper ,l,p and st.-ike, and then following that ,lrift on it, 1 find it on«ht to eon- iicet with this .Irift at that poi.it, and on going to the surveys T fiml it does 1 his T eall .-orrohorative evi,lenee; it i^, tho secon,! p.iint; it is lik.. ,.h,.,.kin.- tlie survey. '"^ 40 Witli regard to the Cenfo Star and Iron ]\[ask planes, whieh T have now .loseril.e,1, tliore are three iutor.soetions ,.f those phines. Of eourso, there is one inters,-etion, as your Lordship will unde.-stand, whic'l, .-..allv r,.ns right dow^n mm nn4 tl-o„,.h lHM-0. tl.ronph this ,no,loI. ol.li,„.,,y. tho ,n,.st .,l,li,„e lin,. in rl,.. -uoclol dntt ,,n.ler bore th. vollo.- ,,.,f, X.,. ,,, „„, ;, ;, ,,,^ „„, „ ^^, • ,, ^ ,, ^ . - '• ;7'""'"'^'"''- '''^■'''M'l-aN,,rl,,.Mvov..i,.:u...,,,.,lin.,,, ,1,... might to conic together iii\(\. Tho (' iirt: Oiiiilit I 11 uiti'i^ccf : cross tlic other. Tl A. () 10 east drift (i!), and ere is tlie line of int '".ulit to intorsoft: one nndit to crsocliciii; it th lis H inatf( conies fro it is. T'liat IS aiio r "f fact, wlicn I go to tliat (h'iff i'ht tl ironi-li tliat wlucli ])hines, I 1 but I ia\-e ( Irawn. If th ler corroborative evidf nnd to that spot, fricc of tiie acciiracv of the uhiiics laving once ti.^er] tl lOse surveys are accurate, tliev do not contain the 15 and then painted upon theni exactl If average ])lanes and then set then I o\-er '.f tl V acci le mine workii ought to he ai plan of the 'i-ding to the map heiieatl! tl ll le niai) le section^ in srsection there I tind tl mine workiiiiis — \vl section I)et\vecii the Iron .\rask 'wn liere at the 1 lottom. (1, in tiiickness of these tl exactl and the Centre Kti ierev(r [ tiiul there K'l'f is one. The third ])]ace of inter- T lat \voi;l(| con ir \-eins is in tl line r;>, tl, y; rt shonhl have been painted on the other sid(- wl e out here except for (|„. ditV erence lat conld Hot 1,,. puintcd and therefor(> 1 had t winze. And then as was th ■o l)iit it here. .Vs a matter of fact, tl lere ir conld not 1 le seen. liey intersect in this fo get tliroiigli because of o ease np her.., the Iron Mask vein takes some rime 2: the bottom, as T will have t the rlii(dvness of the otl model) at the Ix.ttom the Iron .Mask <• shew yon on this model (ret icr, and the i-esnit is that at tri'section is over the botti liis bine drift anvwhe is seen jnst below tl erring to the exhibit III >ni of the winze, and the T If intersection; the in- r(m Afask \- gainst the dyke; then the ( o>;''epi at }h(i \-crv em is not visibh west end when* it Mat nil scarcely amounting to an •omes out here and this cross- ontre. Star vein is shewn for a very small interval T Iiat ( interval — thev arc al most toiretluT, jiist s(^parat.c (111 across therci. Tho Centre St * cntre Star vein is she\\^l in this ir vein an d 111 Jfask vein would be sh ■cut is right across the ( 'enti-e St iir vein is shewn here and tli,. f,i,;t wall of the cro.ss-ciit to the south; and i beyond if that •ross-cut were extended t own a little beyond it, not far, but a few in my opinion, the 35 feet more " fro.-s It, but that has not oeen done. The Court: What is the unmber of that cros.-cut? Iiie drift. • A It is 73 on the 40 The Court: On Iron Mask drift 7], is it not? I ll'.' crosscut is at 73. A. Yes, I suppose so. 30" The ( .nu-t: Lou Mask east drift X... Tl, au.l M,..u f, ..,.„.-..„, i„ the ..■nn.e of that souflnvanW A. Tl,a, is it. An.i in ,l,a, ..,•,..-..,. „,.. foot wal. thon s..pamt..d; tho other vein is .still fartl,..,- i„ now. TUo Iron .^[ask vein v.lnH, was .M ront, or north, i,as gone through and c-on... out in tl... souti,. nn.l t,... .ross-.ut tl,m. wdl shew it. The eross- ut i„ 1,..,.,. w„„,,| if .arn..., „.,.,.,n 5 .hovo .has alrea.ly gon.. through the haek of this one. through the foot wall of t u. thteker one, and if earned a little farther „,., , ,,,•,. no douht it wouhl n.t the plane of the other. So n.ueh for the in.erseetions of thes,- two planes a.s l-roving th.. eorreetness of the asstunplion of ,],.. |,„.iii„n of this vein. Tho Court: ou liad d hotter mention the planes. .V. Of these two planes a,s pronng tlie eorreetness of n.y assuu.ption of the e.xistenee an.l posi- tion of the Centre Star X... ■> vein. But there is anoth... evidenee. nanlelv in.ni a point unquestionably in the plane of the Iron Mask, he..an.e it started troui th,. stope in the Iron Mask, a eros.s-eut was run whieh has heen ealled th,. hrown .•ross-<.ut an,l run as shewn in this u,od,.l. and as .hewn in th,. othe, n,od,.| to the .south, and at the p,.int wh,.r,. this plane should he e.xisted 10 15 intei'se(.| if it The Court: _ 1 he Centre Star vein? A. The (Vnt re Star plane and 1... Centre Star vein shouhl 1„. sh,.wn if it exist,..], at that pr,.ei.se point it. is eut hv this brown drift, ft is 20 feet fro„, the point wher,. this .-ross-eut strik,.s the Centre Star plan,., to the si.le ..f .Vo. :; in<.|in,. at that l,.^•el. An.l at hoth ends ol this 20 fe,.t a very largv heavy ho.ly of pyrrlmtit,. is visihl... The Court: Of the l.iwu ero.ss-eut? A. The l.n.wn ero^s-eut; there is a lieavy b.xiy of pyn-hotite at the other end of the 20 feet insid,; of \o. a slu.ft I d,.elare it to ho my opinion without any .louht whafv..,' that those two bodies belong to one another. They have the same ,lip, th,. sauu. strik,., the same ehar- aeter.sties and approximately the sau... thiekue.ss, altlmu^h vou ean not tell about that p.,sitively, because this .jrift may m.t hav,. oone throu-h th,. entire tLK.kn,.ss of the bo.ly. The indi.-ation of this drift is still b,rg..lv in soli.l ,iriff Imt I hold that corroboration is of a most remarkai)le ehani..ter, an.] tak,.n to- gether with all the other intersections of this vein of the Iron MnA with tho Centre Star vein, amounts to .m abs,>lute demonstration of tlic existence and persistence an.l general unif.,rmity of dip and strike, and general uniform chai- a..ter wherever exposed, of the plane containing the Xo. 2 'Cm t re Star vein But that IS u.)t all. We have next to observe the intei^seetion of the Ontrc Star vein with flat fault. And first. I am not speaking now of the condition below the flat fault • I am sunply demonstrating the existence of such a vein, and I have demonstrated " 1',^- shewing that it is found wherever it ought to be found ae,.orl, x,,l„i„ I,,.,,, , , ; ■ - '";"'""" ""■ "•'" "f -N'- 2 ■■■^'■' ' w- ,..",v ™,: :,„■,:;:;.::;;, :"-'; r- -"•' ^'"- -r '": ;" •■ 'v,,;:..,,,, ,;:;;,,:':'■;;:,',■;:;;. :;; "■" : ..:■/':',,::;::■;::■ :::r;:-- ''■'''''-: - '■"■■"- ■' "■■'■ """ -1.1 .inH,,,,,.„,,;:;;i;:;:;:n:"''- ■ .. ... .1..., a. ,oi::^; ;:;;:■•■';;•'• •- ' n- ...l.ir,.iv (it'Kivo mat hoiniitifallv Tl.n tl„., , • •> '^ lai^cd t.. a very Inyh «l-st an.„.nt. to .^ ^iui^. Zi: j:"^^ '"'"' '' '" " ^^''"^ "^ ^^•'-••' '^ .paces ff ,o„ havo fi.., tl^: ^ v: Zln ;;'" """7 1 ^" '""'■"^ '" '-t if yo,. ,,av. an..,.,,..,.,, i. „' „„„; .^ ^^ •\':" T '^ '":"' ^r" ^'^^"^^' r^^-^-- -Hon wo take t,.is flat fa .U A , Lr ^i' 'I' ^"■' "' 30 1- Its i,„„t.„„. Tl.e Hat fa„,t is ...oo,.,.t„v,, i.V .. r V '" "" """' ^um. fron, the ,ul]y hero on the r., ,,..•. .1 'of. , ''"1- '"""■'■ "'"'•'' tnivrsinp. any count.-v. ^ *^ ' ■'' '""«' '''^f='"-''' ^vi.,,„„t The Conit: Comn.oncina- at tl.o cast onrP \ \, ,^ '",«■ at the portal at the ea.t en., an., o-oes for a Ion. V . ,''^* ""''• ^''""■^■ "".^' I'l'OHomena necessarv t.. this eas^. ,W "^ """ "'^'"'"^ ^'■"""'"" Th-UT is a shaft ,oes .,o;-n uDon t , ■ T\ " "'"' ''"■'' ""''^'" ^'''^ P^^tal. >i.e north, .«^ ttntirZ^ e ^T ^- f%:^;;'T tl^^^ T ' 'T^' '' e« to the north, which I undorsta:;i: : .1 I ^ ^ "!""; ''''' f ' I'oints farther east there are smVl tn K« i-. , . ^"" *'"'' ^^t -ua, exception I hav^not se^n ce aiW i:^ T' ^" ■' 7""'" ^^'''^ '"^^ I'olieve they belong i,. the ease ' ""' '•'*'"""'^'' '"'"'' ' '""^ ""^ 35 40 •Mr, The Cnmt: WluK is it fnrtlur wMi A ■.IS I kiinu-. Iiiis tiof liccn Tiicnti.iiK (rt'tVrrinK to tlie inu.lel). AnntliiT v.jti u'liii'li, sc. fur '" ''''" '"'^''^ """r "lit li.n. ii, .liJH i:,,„„i,l "I. ^^.•s . I „....,■>. 1 Ins uas h-u,n ,1. rir.t .to....,., ,„ ,|,.. ,„.,.,h „, ' '•' ; """■'■ "i-^' '• ;•'."» J'"' ^^-k '""•"•■ issi.Mpiy tn,v..,.si„, ,.„;„,,; o. . 1 1....... n,v .lyk,.s au.I :nt ■ro.tin^ >. i,.,. „,...■., 1,,., ,1,,.- l,av,. ,„. l,.,,!,,, m an. aware ,., .n th.s onHC. Tl„™r. ■ , p.,i.,t, l:. i„ tl„. In,,, .^^.sl< t „.I |h„f tun,.el srr,k.. tl... water-. . „r,-,. ,>,• ,„,„; ,,,.. ., „, f,„„^ , „,,,, „,„ ,,^,^;; .^ M very p,o,l „a.„.. h,.- it. It s,.;i.... .,, . ,..,„Mn„..s i,. tl... fl,„ ta,.lt tV,„„ ,l„.t p..nt nnt. ., n.,.!,.. tl... ,lyk...-t.: .lyk.. wi.i.. ,.„ tl,,.,,,,,,. o., t,... u.-t ,.f •No. .5 Hliaff. 111., tint fault n.ns „p to tliat .lyk... Tl,,. (■,.,.,.t: .\, what |.ni„, is that; A. .\,.. 47 ,... tl... r.^o,. Mask cnft. Fro,,, -ir. to 4. that .h-ift Allows tl... water s......„; it, i it; a..,i v.„. .e.. H.r_ water s,.a,„ all tl... ti.,.e i,. o,„. pat-t .,r an.,tl„.,. i„ tl,., walls or roof '..f thai .hitt. 1 1,,.,, t,.o„. 45 for (10 fe<.t fa,-fh..r ,.ast tl,.. ,l,.ift is also „„ tl... wat..r >..,„„ 1 kt.ow i.oth.nir of tl... history, ,vo,.r Lor.lshi,., of this pa.r of tl„. wo,.k l„,t t.", n ......er, to a ,„„.,n^. ..,.Ri,...c..-, it s,...,„s pretty m-i.le„t that i„ r„„„i„, ,|„.o„,h tl"' >'nuntry h...... a,„l finally sfikin^r ..p,,,, „„ ;,„„,.„,„ ,,.,„„ ij^,, ^,_^^^ ^^.^^^^ ^ ^en„, a„,l poss,|.lv ...fting s..n.e assay hen- an.l tl....... „p„„ it. it was r„„ „po„ 't .., tl... l..,p.. that it would prov.. ,o 1„. „ v..i„-a niinoral v..i,. „f val.„. It w.,s aot, appan.t.tly. m.fil it ha.l 1,..,.,, r,m upo„ a,„| .-..t off l.v tl,.. -Ivk,. that tl„" .•mss-eut to the south at point 104 w,.s r,,.,, wl.ieh int..r:,.,.t..,l the ,.,.al I,.on -Mask vein. That, how,.v...., is o„|y tl,.. wav tl,.. wo,.kin,s look. Meanwl,ile tro„, 4r, this tnnn..] or .l.'ift was run, not o„ly ,,n tl,.. flat fa„l. lo il„. w..st l.nt also 60 f..et .in the flat fault t.) the . ast. Tl,.. ('o„rt: By tl,.. 1, .on Mask Company^ A. 1m.o„, point 45 in the Iron Mask tt.nnel. At this ,,oi„t (10 feet east f,.o,„ 45 a s„,all ,.n,ss-..„t of 10 t.'.'t or so is run to the south. 10 1.5 20 25 SO li.e C..„..t: At the point „,a,-k..d "XT A. At the poi„t nnu-k.-.l -X a eross-eut was run to the south to eateh the flat fault aivain -.vhi,.], was lo.t .-.r that tunnel there, out of the tunnel just l,ef..,-c the .'ross-eut, n.-ar the er.>s8- |nt; and it is so lost l.y tvason of the .lyke wLh-h e.-..sses at that point; an.l whieh l:as heen tcstifie.l to both l.y .M,.. K'inf, and Mr. I.indgren as having fa,dt..d for ,, M.voral feet at point "X." Literally I thit.k the dyke is a liltl.. -hort of the point "X,' l.nt that is of no .•o..s...p,en,.e l...re now. That is tl... dvkc at the right han.l si.l,. (referring to his ni..del), this is the limit as given to'inv model tn„„ that point to this one. some 100 feet. What I am aft.r now is to shew .your Lor.lsl.ip tl.c ..vidonco on wl.id, I fix tho position of .his thinl piano with Nvhic-h 1 am going to chock tl.o iutcr.sectioas .,f the other two. I pn.vc.l .-on- cl.isivcly tlio jiosition of the first, namely tlu" Centre Star X... 2 vein 1 havo thus a distance of 225 feet from 47 to 15 and (10 fVet fn.m 15 |„ "X " „, 045 feet as a total lengtli of Iron .Mask workings run in tl... mu.i-seani itself, nr'^fnl lowing it, holding it all the way. That would nat.u-ally shew me the strike and to a grea, extent the dip of the mu.l-seam; I think to a great (-xtent, h.rause the w.,rkin«s n,av I,,., perha.H . feet square-? feet high, 7 feet wide, sometliing like that-and the mu.l-.sea,.i IS ni the corner of the drift, at the right hand upper corner as vou p,..,cee,| west and aj.pears again in the lower corner, uv iudf wav up; in th.. I„wer ri-ht han.l corner, or half wav up the left han where Ihe mud-seam going down intersects The Conrt: That is at what nnmher-I want it indh-afd in the record A. Between .'38 t.. .^9 ,m the Centre Star north drift which has been testilied to hy both Mr. Lindgren and Mr. Jving. Tlie Conrt: And then beyond, that would be on the west side of the winze, the M-est side of what yon call the critical winze? A. Station .",9 is licre, a little bit west. Air. Bodwell: I do not like to have that term used, yfiur Lordship. Tlu> Conrt: I used it only because he makes nsr of the term descriptive of the winze in dispute. ATr. Bodwell: Unless Dr. Raymond is very much wedded to that term I .n ^^'■llld prefer he used some other. ^"^ TheAHtness: Xot at all, not at all. It is the winze now going down on the Centre Star >,o. 2 vein. 20 25 30 A. (IJesumiUi;- his answer.) This is the imint nndern..ath that drift- a little north of and directly underneath it. It is shewn between stati.u.s ;j,s and ■•'*■ it IS m that region that Mr. Xing and Mr. Lindgren both testifie.l to a I'ody of pyrrhotite. .Mr. King said he did not know whether it belonged in the <'.ntre Starvein, or was a body lying just below the foot wall, or whether it 40 10 310 would be inside of the foot wall of the Centre Star vein. It is riMht there, and . .s not in the direction of the dip from the winze at the plane of that winze of tlio Centre Star vein continued would go. The Court: What is it you mean t.^ tell me then^ A. I mean to tell you that at that point 1 see the mud-seam again, h is another revelation of the Mnul-sea.M, and it has cut thn.ugli this bo.ly of pyrrhotite, which 1 will discuss atterwards when I come to talk about the eifects .:,f the mnd-seam. I am now .riily pinning the position .,f the mud-seam in space. The sevcntli exposure is in the Centre Star n.,rtli drift in the X„ ;{ r,i A. Of this tl.t s..a.a. Tl- places [ Jmvc been d.s,.„ss.nR-I l.egan with ,lis,M...si„i. the ( 'cntro Star No 2 I tl.en showcl ,n,v proofs of the positio.i of the 1„ n Mask planes. I have nr.w fur- nished n.v proofs of eleven points absolntcdy fixed by survey of the position. , Hat fault has inter- seete-l the plane 1 have established f.,r the Centre Srar \o. 2. it i« iust when- it ought to be aecording to the survey. This flat fa.dt going through the eounlrv ,„ IS exp..sed m mters.rt.on with the C'entr.. Star Xo. 2. In the first place it in- terseets the Iron Mask in the Iron Mask ea. Then it intersects the Centre Star ngain m the No. 2 raise au.l in the Xo. 4 rais.. and iu Xo. 1 cross-cut south, ^^•lm.h I have not mentioned before. [ think I haNC shewn it in 4S. but in Xo i cross-eut south it is again seen inteiseeting the Centre Star Xo. 2 That is the Xo. 1 cross-cut south from the Centre Star tunnel. Wheiv the ( 'entre Sf,r v.an erosses tiiat south cross-cut Xo. 1 it iias b,.,, drift,.d u,.on for :'.() feet, and during the course of that .Irift and at the intersection of that drift with the soutli cross- cut the flat fault is verv clearlv shewn. 15 20 The Court: Why not shew that drift on the modeH A. It has been done since the map was prepared and the suit be-un. When 1 first went in i^ wa-s only about 10 feet long. I have a larger drawing whi.-h 1 compared under- ground and I think it ought to be put upon tliis map: If we were not -oin.' to adjourn imme.liately we would have a great deal more to put upon the map. The Coiirt:. Well, I want information, and undoubtedlv thev will ..,vo me a great deal in the way of u^odels. A. This particular south ,.ros:!^.ut lias been C(jntinued a distance of 130 feet farth(>r. The Court: I would like to have tliat laid .mt on the mo-l.-l. There is no ditticulty about that, :Mr. Davis? Mr. Davis: ISTot at all. The Court: Let the gentleman who plotted tliis lay it out. The Court: Tlie only use is to pn.ve where the flat fault intersects the general com-se of it. A. That is all the use I have so far made of it. The Court: That does not prove enough to affect one side or the other A. .Now, that IS a collateral evidence of intersection witli the Iron Mask vein 25 30 35 40 •20 312 and of intersection with th. fi„t fault, win..], HK.ks an,l ,nn:s al.s„l„t..lv tl.o I...ssa,lo to n.ako .'() su.-h ..oi„,.i.],,n..,s if you do not have a plan, of .val ' xi"t- c-nce. I say U .s utfrly in.possil.ie to haNe .'.. surh ooindden..,. as a,v .^iv..,. hv .!.■ .ntorsoc-lum of th. Iron Mask voin and Hat fault with th. (V.ntr,. Star \.f 2 vein i.iilcs., the (Viitrc Star Xu. 2 vein ...xists. * " That covcT. n.y answer so far to the s.roud 4U..stion, whether ther,. is a eontinuous ve.n, having a definite dip a,ul strike, down to the Hat fault I^rst "'7VV"' "'""■ :^ ,""'' '■••'"" ^'"'^ "l^^'-^ '^'-'•" - =• I-'"-, -itl, a de.inite dip' 1 and strd.t., and a niininu- engin.rr knows the .lifferen,.e underafoun.l So ar as slickenslides and small striations are concerned, such a.- has heeu e.hil.ite.l here, and as I have found very beautifully developed in the mine, rlu^v a.v to mv judgment always and very certainly, without any doul,t whatever, produ'-ed l' very little and even infinitesimal movements. As a proof of that 1 will cite to your Lordship that the finest I have ever seen-I was for a number of vears in charge of anthracite collieries— and the finest slick.nsli.jes I have ev,>r seen came fiv.m the heart of undisfurb,.,! ,.oal seams, wlu.re the roof and Hoor ha.l not been broken through, and the slickenslides were in there up and down, at rinht 3-5 angles of the roof and fl,x,r. There was not a chance for anv movement more ' than a very minute vibratory movement, with running water on l,oth sides and tlie jiressurc, to n ish on both sides the faces exposed. Consequentlv. I can't tell when I see these slickenslides and striations whether there has' been bio- aiovement or not, because they are only the last performances, and there inhdrt 40 Lave been large movement before, winding up with such final vibrati.m after- wards as to produce those places. They are no proof of large movement what- ever. T must, : lerefore, look for other proofs. The other proofs are foun.l by measuring critic;dly definite dislocitions, and those vou can onlv determine in oO the ma.s „f rock lik- fl.is ,.n,pHvo n.ck. when .v.... l.„v.. .Ivk.. ..,• v..i„. ..,• pl„,„. y ••>'"^;<' --' ..y. and .lu.,v iu..l no, I,,,.,. ,.,., ,lvk.. in n „„,| „„ vin in i, - -'..1 "cvor know .-In.W it ,„., ,...„., ,.„it.„l ,„• „„; , „,,, ,„;:, I-au.sc. n.att,.r i,s .o n,.aHv alik. that ,.,„ woui.l haw ,1... san,.. l.,„kin.. n on ...u .i,l,t l„. in. do„„ and disio,.at..l liv a f U '•"";;";.'" f " ""— V...1 din.,.tly „p in tl v..tion of „„. ,K,,. i,., ■ •"' "'"^ '^ "•""''' '"" ^l'""- '"'.v dislocuti ft.Tuanis. .lust a. if I \,l . ,1 ' .,o r: ':' t:7' r/Tf """ ""■ ^'" - ^' ■ ^ -'■•- '"-'<••;:: ".ok> and Ins Look should slKlc np without u.y ..han,., yon would still ,.„„.,. to tins everylh.n. th.. san,... and yon would no, know that it hal slipped on' ..] without any lateral dUocation a, ail. I-- iustan..,. if this ...,,,',1..;,,; 1": ! .•mu.d tin. .,>t..,.....tu.n of ,|,c. flat fault with on. plan.., , should sav 1 ,.„uld t.ot ".'■> n:^), l.tit w.th a piano running, at ri^-ht an.dcs and ol,li,p„.|v to it an.l .dl „f t ,. .nt<.rso,.tn.ns shew a sn.all .lislocation o.dy. then i havo a .noral ..rta ,t -- mnthou.atu.al certa.nty-that tho total .now nt. upon that fault w ., I'ut this result in an..thl>-vnt eontinuation tha't i have lonnd l.elow llHs nu,d-sea,n at .very po.nt wl„.n. it inters,.e,s either a vin or a dvk.. ho apparent e..nfun,at,ou inuuodiately l.low. a f..w iu..|,.., .,ut of ,he s..an. ^hi.d. I tu.d ,s only apparent-a phn.e n-ed l.y Mr. Hodw,.!! the other .lav an.l struek 05 :n.. as v..,v f,,.,..,.,„, ^ „, ,,., ,,,„^ ,,„ ^^.,,,,,^, ,1^ ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^ .^^_ ^ oo ]:at the apparent continuity is not nal. That is just th,. point. ' .Vow. how .ll, know that the appar,.ut ,.,u.tinuity is roaW I think that ,.„.s rioht straight " the o.,.,un,l of my opinion. If wo take, say, m, i\:t hvn; a,„l if w,. tak,. ^av' 11- '•" th. plane of ore; take three feet, in 300 feet, th..re would he i,„) p„si. ^^ '..s. I h then couhl take each of fhetn three feet. an,l if F should .shoveit a .., th.;n another vein in,d> by inch, that space, hv a fault, the chance., that th "'1-- von. would ,.on„. right over this one would !.,■ o„e in a hundre.i hecau^ 315 tliero arc a Imndred places for it. Now, if tLerc is at ilio same time another lliiiig like a dyke, or iinother mark tliat 1 liiul coiuint;- over it and vim can tell it that is only a coincidence I say, merely wliat is a niatiiemati<;al coincidence prf)bahly of that coincidence, a hnndred times a hundred. Tiiat other develop- ment or dyke or what not might have a hundred different positions, and out of 5 tln)se hnndred it nuojit have a hundred for each of the hiindred positions that the iirst one Fiad; consecpicntly, it is only one in ten thou.^aiid chances that the two independent things would come together, Ir is one in ten thons.uid, for instance, if we tin "i in sinking the win/.e so often referred to 10 The Court: Xow, you are talking ahout the difference lietween the vein and the dyke or the fissures. A. T am talking ahout the possihility t|iat the a])pareiit continuity of veins and dykes and everything under this nmd-seam is oidy apparent and not real. It involves a statement that ly some fortuitous suc- cession of coincidences these pieces underneatli have iicen hroualit opposite to ^^ the corres])onding juec^s ahove, Imt it is not real, it is onlv api)ar;'ntlv the same. Tt is really something else. Now, if it was in one cmsc .mly, if I had come down in one case and found no mud fault and had fouiul right below in u'oinu through »; or S or 10 inclies di^^located and contiuui.tion of the same line, 1 sav the chances of that not lieing the same would oidy he one in a. luuidred as I will ^0 explain to your Lordship. Xo\v, if that vein was accompanied ly a dyke, and 1 find hehcr that the dyke as well a:i the vein reju'oduced itself, the chances that a vein would have a dyke alongside of it and accidentally connect and look as if if was tlie same vein, when ir was not, would he one in ten tliousand. because tlun'c were a liundred positions for the dyke, the same as a liundred ])ositions for tlie vein. In addition to that if I liave another vein faultecl by the same ])lane. and that only shews ;] or 4 inches faulting, and that a|)pcars as has been said as ati apparent continuity, v,-hicli is alleged not to be real by virtue of a coincidence, that coincidence is a liundred on the others, and it is oiu' hundred times t side e.mies in contaet with the dyke and turns its eonrso to follow ir down, I say [ have s<.en 10 f.ome things indieating tiiat lit that point tiie tis.sure had cMiie otn of the dvke and was right on tlie side between the dyko and the vein. Hut where the flat fault intersects tiie dyke it is clear it goes a fi'w inches into the dvke ami ahnts against the fissure which i.s inside of the dyke at that point, 'i'hal i.^ of no con- se heen givn in this ease, more .h'tMih.fl in ehnn.etor. That is all I say aimut thi. r.nd. I wish to put it frankly on record. It does not eoiieern \\u- ■•ase ihat I am aware of, exeept so far as it eoneerns one of th •i,-i,„| j^,,,,,, ^f d,,, ,.,,,,._ ^^.|_|,,|/^ __/^ |.^^. ^J, 1 nnderstami, has heen surrendered, name! v. the issue of trespass on this vein 10 eomnutti'd l.elow, hut not aekiiowled-ed. ;is I umh'rstaiid, and as helieved hv 1110. at all events it ha- lieen done upon the Iron Ma-k vein. .\ow. will, reiiard |o the or.nind east of the ,,eetion e(,vere,| hv my rude m.Mlel, that is to say, with regard to tiie -roimd e'overed hy thi- rai^e \„. :',, !•'> whieh has heen now put upon the model as y,air Lordship re,|iiesied this morn- ing, now going further east we have, as I have alivadv said, the ap<-x d.^veloped all the way to the top .,f .\o. -2. and in a rea>onahlv straight line, as straiuhf as ape.xos an. as a rule on the sid, of a r<,(dv, wlii(di is . with more 320 eertaiuty ami with more sHtist'actiuu lint':- nf px rrlintitc inn] pyrifc< cicrupyinK liiiL'.-i so tli:it tht'v cat! lit' folldUid ns i,'ui(lcs dciwn tlinm^'li the wliolc of tlint rock, and down to the liottom rif tlic sliat't. Tlici-c is. Iiowcvcr, liitwcfn the S2 iiiid tlif iiottiini of till- sliat't. a ci.iisidiTaiili i|iiantitv of ,(ilid i)vritfs ('X|po-*cd on fitiiiT wall of till- siiaff. I slioulij ".xpcct this vein in cfitcriiitr a coar-n 5 grained and ton^li country rock tiial did not shear as ^^looth as ihc other rock, wouhl lose to soino extent the very detiidte cliaractir ' icli it jpresents at other points, and I -hoiild expect that there would lie so ; vet f" he di-covored (ly further (U'volo|inieiit in raise Xo. 4, and 1 don't m. ., rrake to sav what it will lie. I will say, howf'V.r, that it has seemed i)r(d.ai)lc to hk from indications [ 10 have ol)serv<'d there, and I tliink ii very iindiahle. Init 1 am 1 ..I willim.' to -wear to it, tjiat tiiat vein in Xu. 4 npraise will turn over to the south and jirove to he a branch, a fm-k of the Xn. 2 Centre Star, prohahly jeavinir the No. -J Centre Star at this point (illustratint; on model) of the hend, half way down that shaft. in that ease, it wouhl sim|)ly he tlie lissure or slie'ir in eouiiui;' up t(. tin- lariic ]', body of tough and coarse crystalline rock, Imt simply i.,,ue around and mado around and made a horse of it. The vein has gone through it, hut is very much seemed in it, and I should not he '-urpriscd, if on developm.rit— which is now being pushed as rapidly as po.^sihh — it should not he found that there wa- a steady passage of pyrriiotite and pyrite, continuous seam.-. hu-Ii a~ we have had •_>() ahove, going around that rock. 'I here is also a sign at the p.iiut where this m, k i> tirsi etirouiitered of p^-- lite. goiug down helow. So that it is possihlc that there is armmd that ho.lv of 0 and 40 feet to the we.-t. Here it shews its intersecti(m with the flat fault at that point; and drifting further on, about an ecpial distance, making a hundred feet in all, a vein is encountered in the nxaet position which the Iron ]\Insk vein would occupy calculated out to that point. That vein has already had opened upon for a foot or two only, to the west . .10 35 40 Xow, with regard to the effect of the flat faidt ujion all of the intersections. I have shewn the Iron Mask, the Centre Star Xo. -2 and the various dykes, that it has never faulted anv of the dvkes. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I m £ Ui 120 -... 1^ 11.25 M 1.4 1.6 6" — Photographic Sdences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 .•\ ^^ ¥k ^ \ ^^ '^^\. ^y^ WrS ^'h'^ 321 The Court: It has what? A. It has never faulted any of the dykes or veins in tlie centre of dislocation nioro tluin a few inches, and never so far as to remove them beyond the continuity of ore. There is one case in the Iron Ilask tunnel, at point 60 feet east of station 45 where the nuid-seani i.s itself faulted, faulted for several feet, and that by a dyke, a double dyki', witli !i fault 5 really in the middle between the two dykes. One dyke is moved up on the other, and we find the same fault carried on to the nortii at the edge of the rai.se Xo. 3 in the Centre Star drift. The Court: Is it usual to find so many faults in dykes in such a small ^^ compass as that? A. I do not think it is, but these dykes were all tliere be- fore '^He ore came there. The Court: Oh, yes, I only a?k if it is usual. A. In rejianl to tluit 15 I am very glad to have that question asked, and I would not take the time of the Court to state the general structure here. Mr. King has explained it very well, but what he did not say, follows as a matter of course from what, he did siiy, that if this locality here is a centre of a great series of igneous eruptions, these rocks theiuselves in cool- 20 ing would make shrinkage cracks, and in tlie succrssivc efforts of the eruptions would make cracks, and you would have over and over again in the general inass cracks made, and plenty of melted matter below to come up and fill them, and that matter coming up from below and cooling off luuler those circumstances and at di<'-?rent geological times, would give you different varie- 25 ties of eruptive rocks. There is a difference in the rocks of these dykes. Some of them would take one nuiiic and some another; T don't tlunk it well to burden thi case with all the different names. Some of them are micaceous, aiul some iire not; some of them are more aiigitic tiian > tliers, and \ so tar cnonsrli; flu- Iron Mi.sk vfin carried out tliere ( illue runnina then, and liermittin- water to -o throu-ii for a Nuin; period, it would be .piite (•.,ur,.i\Mble that that should at tlu^ intersection of various veins deliver water into those 10 veins, and produce any change into those veins that the fteneral circulation of water would produce. Now, the effect of such a (diauife is sometimes to impov- erisli and .sometimes to enrich. Tt may dissolve and carry away base metals, and that would leave the irold iu a higher percentaiic, or it may in the oa.se of in- gredients like the snlj)hide?, actually dissolve and carry awav some of the g.dd, ],j in whicdi case I think ywi would find tjie richer place's on the vein bel(,w than tlio.se above that has been leach.'d out; but I do not regard the i.itlnence of the flat faidt in any respect as being clearly more general, or being worthy of con- sideration practically. 20 That complete.^ f think, all I need to say to sIk-w completely my opinion in regar.l to the essential i.s.sues of the case; but I suppose it would i)e entirely proper and T su].pose I am called upon to say something about what I consider Ihe nature of this vein to be and its limits— the character of the v.-in and its formation. I rejieat, 1 do not consider that point involved in the case. T do not see how it is at all. 1 never have known that it was important to know how a ^ml was made, if yon liad it and could follow if. .Veverfheless. and above all, I have always known as a miner, that if you were following ore you mnst be in your vein, if there was any vein at all. You Imvi' no cause to cross-cut every day or every week or at any regidar intervals to find where the walls were, as long as you are satisfied that you are inside the cheese, and it makes no differ- ence where the line is. And I say in this case also that it is not iiuporfnni at all to fi.\ where the ultimate limits, as they have been called, >)f this vein ar(>. It is suflicient for me to follow the zone in tlie vein which has carried iivrrhotite, chalcopyrite, quartz and gold, and as long as 1 am in that. I know that .some- where^ there is a hanging wall above me and a foot wall below me. At the same time, I am i)erfectly willing to give any theoretical information beyond that that may be desired or that may seem interesting in connection with this issue. Xow, I think this vein is a fissure vein. There are two kinds of tisstire veins, .simple fissure and a conii)ound or composite fissure . The class of com- poimd of composite fissure veins is rather later in origin, or recognition than tlie older class of simple fissure veins, under M-hich was generally understood a 25 30 35 40 324 s-inglc rent in the mck wliinli stnoil open or wns Iwld n|)cii liv a Imivc t';illiiiir in it — liy MockH falliiij: in it, or wns left piirtlx .i|)(ri iiii.l iriitly cld-ci Ky n sliift- iiifi' of tlic Willis so tliiit llw liniircs canic oi)])osite cacli other, iind one wliicli liad oripiially wavcri'd sonictiincs in its downward course, it' the linngintr wall slij)- pcd down would catch on projections on each side, mid that, wouhl make it a 5 luoro or Ions compound; there would he iiinciies in it. nud v.ider iialclics in it. 'i'hat was the old theory of a siin]ile fissure vein, and that was tlie tlicorv of a fiftMirp vein which wa~ laid down in I'rot'es-or Cotta'- classical work on the sul- ject. Professor Cotta was the teacher on tlmf -idijcct at Freiinirj; wliiii Mr. .Iiinin and myself were students there, and Professor Cotta's n;anual has hceii K) translated, and it was written in '.')(• soniethinf;'. and has licen translated into Knjxlish, and has licen a standard work ainon;r ns: lint iiefon^ Professor Cotta died, in fact not very lonp after the puhlicntion of thai iiook. he wrot( an article in which he said he felt it necessary to make a new class of reins. This article was pulilished in the (icrmnu .Mining and Melallurfjicid jr Jniinial. Mr. Pxiclwell: (iive the date of that. A. Ii, is cited in (iroddeck's treati.so on ore* deposits, and a new class of composite \eins included in that treatise. I cannot help regretting extremely and feeling very much mortified to do a thing, that I have never done that I know of in a court befire. that is. to staf(> an authority without |iroducing it; hut I have liecti put on the stand hero ten (lavr hffore I anticipated, and I have not got from San l'"rancis r from ^'ew York a copy of Groddock. I heard there was one here in Rossland, and T liave .spent a week trying to get it, and T cannot ]>roduce the liook. I will do anything [ can do hereafter, or my mention of it must g .'• what it is worth. It is in there, and it would not make any real difTf'rence w R'ther it is or not. liecausc the whole suhject has heen investigated in later times. I oidy mention the fact that it originated as fur hack as that. A composite fissnrc vein is simjily a fissure \ein that involves more than one fissure. Xow, imder that class of composite fissure veins, there are two di- vi!»ions, and one is where the composite fissure vein was still a /.one, with fisstires running in all directions in it, and simply breaking up the rock intervening and then niinerali/.cd through those open fisstires, in which foreign matter ascended, as in tho theory of the common simple fissure vein. The other class is the shear-zone vein, which we have heard ahoiit in this ease. It is a variety of com- posite veins, atid the whole difference is that the fissures are ])araltel. They are parallel hecause they are caused by shearing. Your Lorilshi)) understands it \ery well, as indicated by the illustration the other day with a pack of cards; that is the shearing action, in v.hich each plane of tho rock having reached its ma.xinuim tension gives way and slips on the ne.xt plane, and they «lip in con- tinuonsly decreasing ratio until hy and by the stress is relieved from the central upheaving force. Such zones, shear-zones, have Ijccn known and spoken of fro- 20 2.i 30 35 40 IVfi •Ms 826 tin- g,...l.,^.,,„l H.,enr-zom. 1,..,....,.. ,l„„ .,.,1.,.. ,,„. ,.,,,,„ pamll..! hssnnn,^ ,l,n.„pl. a ul.ol,. „„.ain. ,„,. i.M.n..... .,n.l tim, w,„.M ,"":'"■ •' " *^" •'^"•"1 '^l'>""-^""'«': nr it iniuh, p, ,.„ .,„ a ,„.„„ ,„„|., ,^.,,„,.„ ,,^. l.nt.pi.K 111'' l.lnn.'s ..lu.s,.,- ,,. .■.•rfnin imn, u( that /,.,„■, that w,ml,! niak.. shrar- z.m.. vnns. '| he ten,,, ••-.h.,,,-/.,,,,. win" j, ,„„ ,„„. .h^.t I l,av.. I „ mrus- t.m„Ml t.. use. Mii.ply '.....aiis,. it is su ,,,sy t .nfiHc it with K.-lnoj,,,! ,h..,..- z m.. It 1^. iMTlVctly fasy t.. .U-Hiio fho shcnr-/.on... tiiat i. v ith..„f oivj,,,.. j, ,|,„t liMiM. , M.wl it is .h.scnl.f.(l nnd clefinc.I in a g.vat many wurisuHM!.'. or a Hssiin. vfin containing' wniis witliin the v.-in. All of thos,. cxi.rcs.i.Mirar.' pimply paraphras.s whicii in,li,.at,. tlic shear zone vein. When a sh..af-/..m(. win is under si.eh strain or is snhse,|iiently. if after tlie strain prodneiii- shearing has iKrn reliev,!. if tlu' vein itself affr a -eneral upheaval, if til.. ro..k itself" was fet along ou,. of those planes, you may still net an open ti^siire within a shear- zone, and then you may get the ordinary etTe.-t of uater eo„,in- up fnm, ImIow, a.id you may g.-t a clean tilling of that fissure with foreign matter, and von may still iiavc the parallel planes ontsi.le, and ihev may not mean aiiyihiiig. I.ut if the shearing had taken pla.'e mi.ler great side pressure so that the lissmv .■onld not open to he a wid.- .Tack anywhere, then if it has become min..rali/e,! .o ns to hecomo a vein, that process has necessarily gone ..ither hv impn-nation or l.y replacement. The difference h-.twee,, in,pregnati,.n an.l repln.M.ment i- verv simple. Impregnation takes place when foreign mntter ilJ hroiiirht into the pores of existing lock an.l the -o.-k itself is all theiv still; none of rli.. rock is taken .way, hut there aij y. c- enough in it-it is open enough, thon.Ii perhaps not o the eye, Inu ,n fac, rliey are open enough to he percolated l,v capillarv f.,r<-e l.,v the mineral solutions which often deposit all tlii-ondi the rock ai„r impre.r! u.U^ It without having taken away any of it; if there weiv .piartz. feld-par ami mica m ,t l.efore and silver ore comes in, or ^^old ore comes in. there is still the quartz. fiH.r«li/,.d l.y repln.TnM.nt: tl>„. is. that ,Mi....r„l su|„,in„s Iumv ....mo into It, ...tluT at, .„„. tinu, ..r .nrrv.^nrW, w|,i,.l, h,,,,. ,,r„.ln.....l .!„. ..tr....| „f '7"''"'">^' ""• -'" *■ "'"• i"K'v.li..n.. uf .1, nn.ry ynrk ,1 ,.M..i„u i., tlu.ir ''■' " "'>i''''"'"'"'^ "l>"-l' ••nnslitat.. ti r, ai.,1 ..|,i,.;|v ,,vrrl,otii,.. ,.|u pvn,,, and till' K'jI'I. mill tn some extent tlir silica. During tlu- last 25 or 30 yonr. tl„..-.. haw l,,..,, tl„v.. ni.M i,, .,„r ..,„„„rv-- III thf. I n.t..,l States- ^who Imv done nmre with rep.rd t,, tli,. inve^ti-^alio,, of Ih.. torn.H an.l origins of ore .h.|.o.sitH than any otlier-, [ ,|,i„l,, ,„„] ,1,,.^ ,ni,v 1„. considered ns the lending authorities. I will say with reirani to th.. former classification, tiiat iluv w.r.. ^o far '" ""'•'' '"'^■'' I"'"' '••'' *■'•""" l'ndV.„,r C.ttM in rnihurg. il„v u'ere l.„-rd on ■, very peculiar district in the (iennan Kf/.p.l,,,,..,,- or „„■ .noni.tains. which pre- sented fissure veins of a very simple type. They slu.w fault- a plentv, l,ut they ,lo not siiew-nlmost without exception, th.^y shew open fissures that have heen tille.l Iron, l,el.,w without reference to th.. country rock, and had gotten nothing from the countrv rock. :ind had filled up their contents from the two wall- hav- ing sometimes an open space through t) .-entre ,.nd leaving a con.- or tr.'.osit.- and .im.rtz an.l .u-e .TystnlH fdling ..i- ..her. .h.-wing that it had I,,,..! tilled' hy the interior of g..ode. That was th. ,,a.sis thend'oiv of a t.rhnieal wn at th.. lime of the passage of the Fnited States mining laws in lS(i(i. and again in ISTi.'. an.l 1 will reply with regar.l t.. that, that outsi.i.. of the OonLstoek, which ha.l its peculiar features and was not understo.,.!, and outsid.. of th,. mother lode in California— also p.-culiar—there was a gr(.at .l..v..]op„,.>ut at that time in the state of Xeva.la in what is called the East River distritri,i a large part of what might be called old-fashioned typical fis.siires; they were very 40 narrow, an.l they were very rich. Tht.y would not ..ften go over or 8 inchJs 327 wide, a.ul woiil.l 1„. as sharply defined from the countrv as jinssiLh', and ther wouhl ,„ntain niliy-si1vcr and horn-silvor an.l native-silver and the'rielu'st c.f ore, so that ihey eould atic:d to pay twenty-five and thirtv dollars a ton to mine them and one hundred dollars a ton to mill them and stiirmake lari^e profits out of them. That was the biu-is of the idea under our law as to the' fissures Of course, sueh a eon^cption as that would have to he enlarged whea vou eome to the praetieal conditions of minim;-, and our miners liave enlaryvd i't [ d.. not j.ropose to say anythiuir about h.,ual definitions; bur our nn-n.'.rs haw .mlar-ed It so that to our miners of the Pacific Coast a vein is understood to „„ an a con- tinuous vein of mineral or f.f mineral beariui-- roek within a wall. 10 The Court: Have those crystals anything: to do with findiufv gohW A. No, sir, the crystals only shew open spaces, only shew there was room (^nartz hns a aood deal to do with 1, but the formation of the crystals does not affect It one way or the other. I nave seen -old twining in and out of sn.-h cryslals and I have seen oceans of such crystals where there was no gold. The quartz ^^' itself, wlH>ther it assumes the crystal form ov not, is eucount(>red almost all over the world as a companion of gold; and when F come to discuss the ore laws pre- sently I shall say a word about that. the States The three men I refer to are G. F. Becker, of the Gcoloeical Survey of "-0 United States; S. F. Emmons, of the Geological Survey of Hie United 3s, and Pi'of. J. F Kemp, professor of geology, successor to Prof. Newberrv and professor of geology and ore deposits in the University of Columbia, New Tork City. Prof. Kemp of these three has published a treatise on th(> ore dc- ])osits of the Ignited States, published in 1893, Xew York City. I read a graph from page 14: a para- •io "A phenomenon which is especially well recognized in nu-tajuorpliic regions and which is amdogous to those bust cited, is furnished by the so-caller the top sheet to bring them out so as to get at the .does, and th«y never come out in a straight line, they will always curve out. Just'as that book, while the straight line curves that \say when you shut it, thouiih not from the same cause, but that is what he meant. And he detennines that .Mirve theoretic- ally. In the case of ordinary mining operations where the whole surface has been denuded and carried out so that you cannot find his logarithmic curve, his delicate discussion of it becomes of no importance to us; but he has made a very extended discussion and has gi\-eu us a picture of tho way in wiiich geological shear-zones may be produced in the rock parallel, like the move.nent of a deck of cards which your Lordship alluded to the other day. The Court: Some other gentleman referred to that, not mvself, though I thouglit it was ingenious. A. It is not of any importance to lis except that the matter w-a.-^-takei. \:[> and discussed at that time. 30 35 40 II 320 The f'durt: Why do yf>u stvle those monofrrapiiS? A. Our gpoloojcal Mirvcy has published tlirec or four different kinds „f books— differeni sets. First they liave Iheir iarac annual reports; seeon.l, they will have reports whic-h are not jteriodieal 'ir annual, but some one man has had a work t^iven to him, and spends tive years on it and the published result A his work is calh'd a mono- graph; and still another ■smaller set is pul)lisiied called bulletins, which are >niall 1 ooks, smaller works, ilr. Kind's work on the ("omstoek was a nionou'raph; Mr. I'ecker's work was a ninnof;rf.ph. The Court: A monoijfrajih means an iirticle^ .\. It is an nrtiele, yes; a single article devoted to one subject. .Mr. Kmnions has had charge of the geohgical survey in the miniusr districts tor a uooil uuiny years and has puli- lished several monographs, anione others, one on Lfadville, which was cit"d here the ofiier day. He has also written a ;,'reat many .scieatitic arriclcs ou the >uli- jcct of ore deposits, and I now ipiote from a jiaper l)y S. F. Fmmons, of the Fnitc'd States (ieological Survey, read in February, 18SS, before the American Institute of .Mining Kngineers, of which 1 am secretary, at tlu- lio^ton meeting. It is ])ublished in the lOth volume of the traiisaction.s of that society. It is verv interesting; the subject is "Structural IJelations of Ore Deposits," therefore it is exactly the subject before us. I will simply read a passage or iwo in whi(di the subject of shear-zones cmnes uj), beginning at the bctitom of page M'l: "r'onimon Characteristics of Compression-Fractures. (That is, fractures on which thei'c is strong ])ressure on liotli sides besides the one whivdi makes the lireak.) "There are three jihases of .structural evidence of rock fractures and dis])lacemer.t residting from compression, one or more of whitdi I have found to characterize the various types of fissures carrying (u-e deposits, whi(di have couie under mv observation. These are: 10 15 20 25 'First. Striations and slickenslide"surfaees. 30 "Second. Breccia or fragmentary material in the fissure itself, or zones of crushed or broken rock material included between intersecting systems of lissures." (That would be composite fissure veins of the iirst class.) 85 "Thinl. A sheeting of the country rock i)arallel with the main fracture: in other words, the. occun-ence of a system of minor fractures which divide the country rock up into a system of appro.xinuitely parallel plates or sheets. The distance between these parallel fractures, or the thickness of the sheets may be reckoned by inches, by feet or by Inindreds of feet, according to the varying tex- 40 tnrc of the rock masses involved, or the different dynamic conditions which have produced the fracture. "It will at once suggest itself that these are all phenomena characteristic 'f faults. Eut they arc also found, at tinK>, where there may be no recogniz- 330 ■iMc evidence i,( artiial ii ..itluT side of the li>.Mir(. .,!• fn.ctuiv. Oil the ..tlicr luitul, it will 1,0 cumlly ..vidciit tliat fissure flinrnctcTizcd hy these pheiiumeiia can lianlly 1„. th,. ivsnli ,,f cniitractioii. or slirinkiige cracks." Tliiitis to Siiy, if yon tiiul a fissure with paralh'l sheetiiii;' in rhe roek aloiig- .-iilc o into the lower forms at all. hu- -top when that partieular rock stojis, if it, has no [larallel sheetinii' and is so perfectiv si)n|)le as tlio old tyj)" of the so-call(.d trne fisstire; Init if it is sheeted, then yon may he sure that there liar- lieen a real fracture, for there i- iioiiiini; els(. thai will make the sheeting' in an ipneons rock or crosswise in a sedimentary rock, (ioinu' over to paji'e s2A I read these ]iarauraplis; '■The -heitiiii:- n( the country rock in faulted or fracti.red rei:iMii~ where ore de))osits ahonnd, is a |)henoineiiou to wliicdi hitherto too little attention hn-^ heeii i)aid. Il-^ ini])ortance as a feature of Hssnre veins i^, however, jireat liotli from a t;co'.i"i-;'| imd fr a |H'a"iical |ioint of view. That it has hitherto e.-eaped due recoiiiiition, is prohahly due to the |)revaleiice of the old idea that \(i;i de]'o-it- are nei'essarily the filling of open fissures, and to the failure to ap- preciate to how ureat. an extent they are actually the re|)lacement of rock ma- terial rendered more readily aceessihle and atfaekalile liv the dynamic mo\(- inents whicdi jirodncc^d the fissure. This feature will lie more fully illii>tvated in the practical examples given later." The Court: With regard to these shear-zone veins, they are formed hv lateral comjjressions; A. No. your Lordship, tlu'y are formed like any other fissure by sonic force of tipheaval, hut the lateral compression alone, mei'c press- ure without mo^•enlent, would not form anything; hut thi'V arc uplifted under great lateral compression. 10 15 30 The Court: That is exactly it. T did not understand and ill;nnks ..vay. .uc to stra.n. ^ cm cannot tell how they will con.e e.xaetlv. but we do find on ^ . our great ...u.t.nents. for instance, louu-, longitudinal n.ountain ran-^es- the Appalacluaus ,m the Atlantic coast and the Cordilleras .,n th,. rncifV ,.„a.t llu'y are all produced by crun.pling on the inside of the ..arth's crast. Tin.; -•e not been I„„lt by piling up masses of material, Int they are pro.luced bv 30 t K. crumphng of the crust. In the State of New Jersey where I live, .ve have thnt s.d..-thrust and crumpling shewn in the most tremendous wav Ml the .Me,ss,.s and granites in that part of Xew Jersey are folded and tlu^n c.-mented r^.gether again so that when you go underground you can not find the walls- .von can not find the planes of the folds (faults) because the alterations of the 35 ro<.k have obht,.rated them, and what we do find are great iron mines in lavors that used to be in beds, and the seams are folded and thrown in echelon ..s we sny, and we come to them here and there and it has all the endence of thk side- t n-nst. That is where the side compression comes from. In thi. .-ase th.-r.. is also compression that comes from the simple weight of the rock overhead It is 40 in.e in a certain sense, rock piled up would only have a vertical pressure but u .en the rocks are in a solid mass like those igneous rocks there is a distribution of pressure analogous to that ..f water. A pail cf water presses in all directions and rock will do so too. I ha^•' nvn, for example, ^-our Lordship, in the sand- 332 Btoiio rock ill th« Slmwuiigiiiik Moiintuiiib in New York, ulurc a itiiiiicl win k'injr driven tliroiii^h tiie inoiiiitaiiiH, in ii liir^c section a liiu donlile iiuel< tun iiel, liio coiilraelor of v liicli was a reliitivi- v( miiic tlie t'ollnwiiii; ne.Mirrenee: It w(ui u piiiv saiulstone, notiiin^ vulcanic, no pis, no water, piii-c, dry, lianl windsfcme that imd Ix'on rcstin<; tlier,' iindistnrlicd for vonrH nnd tlic teiisimi ,dl ,". tliroimh the rock had p>t enuilil. rated. And oiio Monday niumini; after tlie men lind hoen out of the tunnel ovi'r Snnday, haviiiu' p.no away that Saiiinlav nif-ht ieavini; the face of the tunnel that had never 1mm n .•x|.us,.d Uefrnv; wiiere they stopped work there was a face of rock that had never heeii out ,„• exposed hefore. and the ruek that iind prevLuisly .iipported it they ha 1 i,hHled away. 10 When tliey went lmei< Monday inorniim. as they entered the tiniiiel this peace- ful face uf sandstone roek exploded aiul fued a hijichindv at tliem, and lliey ran. ol course, in i-reat terror, nnd could not Le not to an hack for several davs. The cnsp was referred to iiu'. It was sinijily n ease of chaiiire of strain in .a Ms; nia^s of rock nnd the action of that mass uf ruck in analoiry tu llie way in wliirh water 15 would .spurt. There was a pres-sure taken away and it made lateral j.ressnre and ncfually hroke a ])ie<'e of rock out and threw it a distan( <■ to tin- drift. W'c have had cases al«o in Xorth Carolina that made crrent sensations in the ne\>>papers, whore mountains have Idown pieces of rock out and peuple ili,,udit tiiev were pninn; to have volcanoes. Tn otluT words, very larav nia>ses uf i k -everal 20 thou.sand feet thick, with tons lA' weiirht on top that iiiider iircat straiii all through, and you don't know huw the strain naiy i.e allVcled l,v eiiher releas(. or addition that may he mad" at any point. .Mr. Kmmu.is in the sime article, on pnyo 8;j(), says: "These walls and .selvnges are a fre(pn'nt accumpnniment hut liy nu means an essential characteristic of the ore-hearinu' fissure. It is ipn'te coneeivaMe that one or both nniy he wanting', and smdi uccurrences ar> not uncuiiiniuii in nature. Take, for instance, the veins of Butte, of which I liave a hrief descrip- tion at a former meetinn'. These are a series of co-ordinate fractures ur com- ,'50 ]iiession fissiii'es in a rennu'kably honmgeneou.s mass of jrraiute. .\p|iarently lliere has been little or no displacement on the walls of these tissures relatively to each other, hence but little attrition material lias been producdl. and for this reason — and lu-nbably al.so on account of the charai'ter of the ruck and becaii.se it was not much decomposed aloni;- the fissure planes before the adveiii completoly by vein material, and leaving no definite boundaries or walls to the de])osits. There is no reason, however, for considering tlu'in any less true fissure vein.s, or less valuable ore deposits on this account. * * * * 4(j "Tn the Ounnison region above mentioned for instance, where nwin^ to the plasticity of the country rock it has been diviled along the main fracture jilanes into a s(>ries of very thin parallel sheets. The space between these sheets huii frcnut'ntly been tilled by quair/ which thus forms u ihin f ciftm .<■ i-,.iii- plutoly rcprodiiciiiu; the iornw of Ihc i\mivv an to prevent ii cu^t uf tlic -tiiution Biii'fnciM. Siicli u Hhect, uf (iiiiirt/. wlicti tlu' jolniiii; biimU <>( I'mintrv rock liiivo lieiii ivpliiccd liy vein imifci-iiil, tunii-^ m hard, \m-11 dilincd wall fo |h»- orclM«ly which delifrlif* the eye ul" tlic liinicst niiiicr, ninl parenily tl •en yielduifr a lu' le aiiii'imi uf ricii ore. .\fter a cliaiip- uf admini-tniliun in tiie mine, it was i ,iind bv en liny that there was ipiitiniiuus ore-liudv umIv fuiir lu six f eel •llf- uiie «iiie uf this WllK drift and piinillel with it. In anutli(r mine in the ^:ime distri. diiced a .ureat deal e rmrimx out at i-Cllt- iM'us moral is, that iiidi I'luiis cruss-c II inu' f uriiM a very important part of vein mining,'' ct( On this siihject of shear-zone veins and structures, not to miiltipl; :n"ithori- tie-. and partuMilarly not to refer t(. those wiiicdi I have not with nu', ■ liieh T fim very ivluciant to do, I will present a paper by Peter MacKcdlar. I- How of '1m (ieulugical Society, of Ontario, Cnnada, whiidi cam., to me fium tl . nwrn- Im I- of the Canada Society of Ceoluuical Survey sume muntlis airu, and v ns pre- MHted at the meetiniv of the American Institute uf .Milling Kngineers i,' Xew York Citv, Fel.riiary, 1899, .m "The gokbbearing veins of Bag P.ny. noiir Lake uf the Wouils ill Canada." T got a copy this morning by accident f re n my uffii'o in Xew "^'ork, with other paniphl(>ts that had just l)e(>n issued, and pened to find in it this passage concerning the veins: '-Vein ('haraeteri> ics. beginning on page B of the paper, title of wliicli T have aln-ndy given 10 15 !iap- "These veins consist of small quartz sheets with comparatively large quan- lities uf altered granite (niikadoit) which shews a scdiisto structure next to the 20 lie •^i) 30 35 40 I m 334 quartz ani'. passing by gradual transition into massive granite. It is genornlly diarged with fine iron pyrites, oto." On tlio next page: "Principles of vein formation." 5 ''in my exiuninatiou of these veins 1 was for a long time unaMe to niidcr- stand tiu; nature of their formation, nor did 1 lind the conditions present to ngri'O with the ordinary fissures vein theories of which I iiad any kiiowledue. I came at last to the conclusion tliat (hiring the movements that caused these rents a sufficient pressure was exerted to prevent such a compression of the walls as ^^ would leave an openinu' or gap for the silicification of vein matter. Thei'ef(u-e the o])cning must have been created afterwards." That is. the opening must have been made i)y the solutions disM)lvint:- out ))art of the country rock. ''There can i)e no doubt that tiic rock masses which 15 were invidved in creating the fissures must have liceti enormous, an,l that tlie granulation and lamination of the walls would be a natural consequence, conse- quently the heated solution that would surely percolate among the fissures and interstices would be likely to dissolve and create granidated portions for the re- ception of the silica or other vein (juartz, while the other crushed portion would OQ be metamorphosed, as i- well represented by Prof. C. K. Van ITise in his admir- able paper on ]\retamiu'phisTU of rocks and rock tlowage." Prof. Kenqi in his treatise on ore deposits cites a number of dcjiosits whicli were replacement dc]iosits in parallel fissures. I have so far spoken, however, 25 only mainly of the structure oi the fissure. T want to state now about the man- ner in whicli it has been filled. It might have been filled ly intilfratioii — con- ceivably, at least. One thing that has been suggested is that it was filled by lateral secretion, and might he followed by replacement. The Canada (Geologi- cal S(.ciety in its summer report for the year isOd. sums this matter up very yg well in regard to this Trail Creek District. .Mr. .McConville's repurt wn'^ iinb- lished in 1S97; from it I read the following: ''The classification of the Trail Creek ore bodies and s\il])hid(^ de]io>its, and generally of the igneous rocks of the district, is a difficult prdlilem, and one 35 which has given rise to considerable differences of opinion. They may be orig- inal segregations from a co(ding magma like the Sudbury pyrrhotitc ore, or sec- ondary segregations from the basic rocks which (>n(dose them, or replaciMiient veins along lines of fissures, or as a majority of miners are inclined to believe, true fissure veins. Isolated examples might be cited in support of any of these 40 views; but a.s a rule the theiu-y which fits in the best with tla^ prevailing condi- tions is undoubtedly that they are replacement veins along the lines of fissures." That statement I agree with entirely, (>Ncept so far as it makes a distinction between true fissure veins and replacement veins along lines of fi.ssures. They nve just as tnic fisstire veins ii tlic other; tliey are (•(iiu|iusite, not simple, hut lliey arc jnst as true fissure veins, l)pcause they were not produced hv altei'atiun of their oritrinal eontents ahme, and tliey were not produced hv hiteiai secretion from the roelnid<. And in the eoolinc; of a hiriie mass of melted rock there mialit \r\-y well he parts that would eool first or woidd ix<> to the hottom or would go to the sides for some reason and wi>tdil he found in various masses afterwards. When tlie whole mass was cooled tliose parts would he separatv'd from the rest in the process of eool- ing. 1 am not at .ill certain hut that coarse rock at I he hottom of shaft .\o. -2 is a speeimen of that kind; tliat is to say, thtit tlie coarse rock at the hottom of Xo. 2 shaft in this ease may lie nothing hut a coarse face of the ciuiutry rock. l"he difference is very plain; it comes down from fine-grained rock info a cnnrse one, and it may have heen cooled in that wav and fornie(l a hall or s)ihere of very fine rock when it is coolcil. It may shew tip to he a dyke when it is develoju'd fur- ther. That is, to have come in later altogether, into the fissure in the co\intry rock. The idea that pvrrhotite ores, particnhirly nickel pyrrlcitile ores, nickel- iferous (the ores of nickel), the ores of pvrrhotite, ha\'e heen tlms reduced in great luasses of molten matter hy simply cording and separating as they >miii1, has heen very thorcnighly discussed of late, and it is estahlislied with a few dejiosits, and ahsolutely rejected and dis])roved hy all the rest — for the greater majority of pvrrhotite deposits, there are a few in which it is -.•ecogni/.ed. They are ah- solutely unlike these deposits here. ]Vo man that has any experience with them wotdfl ever undertake to say they were the same, and I will support that opinion if desired. T won't waste the time at present hut will simply say so. There are characteristics which ccnssion of the paper of Prof. Prose])ny on the Cienesis of Ore Deposits, which is a i)a|ier and discus- sion plinter in Vol. 23 and 24 of the Transactions of the American ^fining En- gineers that have heen re-printed in separate volumes issued hy that society in ^^5 189.^), whieli contain discus,«ions to whi(di Mr. Emmons contrilmteil ; and I'rof. ]'?'osepny, as is well known, has Mttacked the secretion tlieory of Sanndlinrser. On page 18.5 of this volume Mr. Emmons says: "The lateral secretion theory, which Prosepny ascrihes to Sanndhuryer, is 20 much narrower than that which 1. and T think most American geologists, hold. It confines the derivation of the vein contents to the wall-rock in imnu'diate con- tact with the deposit." This is the theory which Prosepny nscrilies to Sanndhnrger. hut Sannd- "^0 hurger in fact said "It is the only later secretion theory."' T have the e.xact Quotation frrmi Sanndlmrcer. Mr. 7"]mmons continues: "Whereas, in my opinion, the derivation from rocks within a r(>asonal)le proxinuty, as o])po.sed to a source of unknown depths ('in the barvsphere"), would constitute lateral segregation and ore hearing cur- rents may in stich cases have had an upward and downwanl or lateral motion, according to differimi local conditions of rock structure." 30 35 [ii other words, ^fr. Emmons' lateral secr'tion means tijiward or down- ward or sideways — or any ways, only, he will not grant that the ore-hearing solutions have come from the centre of the earth, or from any very great dis- tance down. He thinks it wis not far away, he does not know in wliich direc- tion and he does not know- how far, but he says it has got to he a rea.^onal)lo dis- tance. Tn my own comments, which I will not n\ad here, which are of no im- portance, T pointed out that Mr. Emmons was on the same ground that the rest of us was, and he says it comes from the country rock, excejit not the country roek adjacent; it may be for all that, that his theory involves the country rock 40 '1 ■'} nwny down tlie wliolc tiling', wliere tlic oriiiin win of vnlcniiic tni'cc, mihI tlui*- ■\viiul(l lie rile coimfry rock. The liotluin of cxcrv fis>iu'c cinls in cnunti'v vnck. iiiul vvcry fissure nf mincnil licariiiir suliiiiiJii (•(uncs fnnu ciiuuti'v r..('k. Tnr only (lilToroncc lictwocu the asccnsioiiisfs and (lcsci'iisi(iiii>ts and lat 'ral-.^ccrctifin- ists is, that llic aseonsionists say that tlic-c minerals came nji fi i IjcIow. tiiev 5 do not know liow far, i)C'cansc tlioy find tliem in the ceiiMry iMck, as far as tliev hnvo examined them, whero we contend they cam.' t'lum liehiw, i|ee|)er than wo niinf in tlio hottom of ore deposits — which moans thai we still lind them hehiw; the dcscensionists say, N'n, they cana' from al"i\-e. and tlie |ilace tliev ccme I'l'nii; ■wo do not know, Init it is all ore jioini;' down. While the lateral-secrotinnists sav 10 wo dii not know whether that <'ame frnm helew m- al"iv( ; it same frnm most anv- vhei'c. only it mii~t he rca^onahly sure. The thenry i.f tin lareral-secretiuni^ts lias entirely ov'a])oratod: it has no definite value any more. Prof. Sanndlmruor, as he announood it, trave it a definite value, hecanse h(^ said distinctly — and ho proved it very plansihly from a siii!>lc vein in a single rock — that he examined, 15 that ivont thronirh a rock-fissure, that w(^nt tlimnuh twn kind^ n( rucks; he proved that when it s^ot into the other kind of voek it had ntlier minerals, and ho took the Vdck and analyzed it micr(isc(i|)ically, and fimnd little hits n( ilmse minerals there. The same test has heen ap]ilied over and dxcr a-^ain \n dthor districts, and it docs not work. Consequently, Professor Sanndhnrucr has 20 proved lateral secretion in only one single solitary case, and it ha> utterly col- lapsed as a theory for any general formation of ore deposits. Very well. Xow, there is a siniilo proof here, Init there is all i)f the rest ])nt together ahsolntely, so far as you can .see, ahsolutely coiiclnsiNc as to tlmse 25 deposits, as to the method of their formation. 1 myself do not helieve that, do not feel sure that there has been ahsolutely no open fissure in thi- shear-zone Avhi(di is now filled hy the ( 'entrc Star Xo. '.] vein. L don't know Inif where these big bods of pyrites came from; there may have been a ureal accidental crack big enough for some solution to come up in the ordinary manner, not by 30 capillary working, and b\ .eplacing every atom, but it is pro\(>d lir-t. in the occurrence of psendomorphs, that i.s of crystals having the form ot other nun- orals, which go to shew that the pyrrhotite has been formed in tlios(> veins, and has taken the form of the original country rock — has iaken the form of the crys- tals, of diallages, and the crystals of auffito, and that could only be ilone if there 35 was the crystal of angite there, and the pyrrhotite has gone into the same. There is pscudomorpli, if general pseudomorphism is proved, but I cannot find that pseudomorphism except as to occasional handsome .specimens. The general look of this ]iyrrhotite I confos.s looks to me a aood deal like the psendomorphic replacement of rock. Tn other words, to ]nit it in homely jdirase, when T look 4() at the edge of this body in 'Xo. 3 vein going down, this solid continuous body of pyrrhotite, it looks to me like other parts of the country rock torn to pieces, just pyrrhotized right whore they were, shewing their original structure rather than a deposit of pvrrhotite on the walls of a fissure, which would be shewing a dif- I l1 338 i'crrnt siruclure of crystals growing t.igotlipr. Tint I would consider tlii.t rather y.v^iu; iiiid I do not consider tlmt conclusive. 1 think it may l.e true onou«h, •md yei it may have been the last stage in a succession of motiiniorphos... wliidi Mh^curcd and ol.iitcratcd what had pme hefore. S„ j will not drnv that there ii.ay have i)een. and what would oc^ur, hut wiien w,. ,.„„,.. to the .■haracterlstic 5 origin on a large scale of these deposits i„ tj„. R,.d .Mnuntain Ilmv, the micros- <'npf tells the lhe(,ry without any iiiMiiiier or shadow of ,j,,uhf. I have mmmi un- der the nii.'rosopc in slides of this i k, which I snpp,,s,. will \,r IcTcaftrr pnt in evidence (hecaiKe tluy are thoroughly identiHed, they w(mv cut fro,,, this rork, .,.„t to \Va.hingt..n, prepared at Washington, an,•,■ ii wiili „iv own ev,,-. Ft ■ an l.e insp got our apparatus in order here so that it co,dd have l)een >cen on the -..'reen, hut what I have seen and can swear to is the process of the replacemeni of the crystals of the country rock in tlii- ca-c l,v pyrrluiiitc. actu- ally caught in the act. s,,nic heginnin-z', s.,nie „( them half wav done, and sr„ne of them just tinish,. hcen -'Q (icl)osited hy replacement, eeriainlv. and pos-ihly. tn >nme extent, ly intiltration, aKo. in the minute spaces f A. It has heen so de- posited liy ri placement, hecanse I have seen the replacement going on. 05 The Court: Would that he merely a process varied fr,,m the ,,rdinarv process^ A. It is a varied process, .sjmplv hecause the ,,r.linary process l.rings in the new material into each hole which is made, from heh.w. This pro- .■ess starts without any large hole, starts with a little hole, and makes it l.ig 39 en(ai-h to get in, and makes it bigger l.y eating it and sending it out into solu- " lion.s. 'i'lic Court: Melting it up. A. It is an exchange of uialerial. The enly rpiestion now is as to the alteration produced in the shear-zone, mineraliza- 3.3 lion so-called. To my mind as a miner, mineralization means imiu-eo-nation, or filling in some way with ore matter, but still there are vein nniteriais with vein minerals that are not connected with ore. We do not say that quartz is a me- tallic ore, and yet quartz may be characteristic in a vein, as vein matter. Xow, we find in this vein, besides pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite and pyrite and gold, we find brown mica which is no doubt made by original altcrati.m in s!lu of the ingredients of the rock. That is a thing that the rock will develop; you find it in the vein and in the coimtry rock, only the action is more intcmse 40 insiilc ipf the vein, and fudcH out ^rnnliially in tlic coiiniiv mrk. Nnw, tlic iii- urcflii'iit.'* lit' iliiil niii'ii were, in tin- cininirv ruck licldiT it w,i- iillfiv 1 iit mII; llic iiltcnuion tliiit lias i^uuo on nuikod tlio lirnwri mica in iIr> nx-k, ami you oaii 9oo it in II nniuliiT ut' tlicsc spccinuai.-*, a little in'own rn-ty iiMikinii' ruck, ami \vc timi it >(ry fr('(|ncntly nml sonu'tinics Si^ilily .lcvclo|)C(] in ilic innnciliatc vicinity uf ."> tlicw plnnofl. In additiim tn that there is what f call a siliciticatiun; that is mck, im Tnat- ter what line distinctinn may lie drawn almut it, or what name may lie i:i\en to it, is a basic riK'k. Kverylmdy will .say that. it is charactcriMically a i k jo nitluMit quartz in it. Tlu! rock of this mountain liclon;:s to the iinart/. free or (liinrt/. |ioiii' classes of rock. The roni-t: I tliiidc silica is c(iuivaleTit to (|uartz. .\ It i.< character- istic of this 1 ick that it is very low in silica; that is why these iicTitlemen have \'t called it a variety of cyauitc, liccau.sc cyunitc is hornlilende ami feldspar .vilhout any ipiartz, ami if there wore qiuirtz in it it would lie uranile. This i- li.isic rock. All of these basic iiriicoiis rocks are usually dark colored or ,i;ray hrown, shudin;>- very black according to circtimstanccs, but in this case, wo have prim- arily a ruck which woidd l. low in ((uarfz, which is nut as low in ipiart/ a sonie •_'() basic rocks, a sort of very dark rock. It has been called monzonite and auuitc and cyanite and aunite-didrife, but in any case it i.s a basic rock and low in, but not absolutely without silica. I think that the miiuM-alization of ihal i k has involved the segregation of more free silica in it tlnm the rock itselt would have furnished, that is a mere impression, but 1 havt examined it a tjood many 95 limes and I thiidv there is some fresh silica in it, besides that whicli was in the rock before, and it mi^ht have been refoi'med by alleralion uf the i-ock. The rock reforms and yon ijet mica out of it, and yo\i p't free .■-ilica out of it, and various ferro-nnipnesian minerals ap])earini; there, but the inure tin m niii. iiinl I •*nii- gistnl tlint tlic viiliH' \\Mt« ill lu'Kportidii tu -lili";!!, Km I I'lniini tliat vih imt trm-. Now, I mil ci'MWilfil iiiysclt' ti' tlic tluin'v lliiil the l'"!'! valiic- Ik if iiic i|i|Mni|- flit t lifiim' uolil. A. TlifS- carrv irold jn this caniii. K\ci\\vhfi'c thcv arc not iicccrtnarily sijiiirt of carryini;' yold. ( 'halco|'yi'ilc i> with us a very jznoil carrier for jrold. hcttcr than jiyrrliotitc, and pyritcn is vcrv ^mkI, and arsenical pyrites is hftter yet; Init tpiart/ is the licst of the lot; that is, (|iiart/. is the most alimulant licnerally of the lot, and we hardly ever find ^old without smiie ipiart/.. 1 am iiicrclv spcakiiii;' now of the fact ami what scfiiis to nie to he the cNplanatiou of till' fact that these ores vary .--o largely in their tenor of yold. 'I'he tenor of r'opper of course {;oes with the (dialcopyrile. There is nothiiii; else there that oner Imt jiold sornetinips runs very hiiih in the rock where you can- not sec any (dnilcopyrite or any pyrrliotile. I have taken samples and -ecu saiiqilcs from these veins, froni the .seam ahove the solid siil|ihide-. where to my niiiKi, sulphide woiihl he the hest ore of the lot out yrrliotite. T sny with ri'iz:ard to the formation of Hie veins this vein, this ( 'entrc Star Xo. 2, in a vein occiipyiiifr a shear-zone, occu|)yiiii;- a >hcai'-zoiie, occiipyiiifi' several paralhd fis>nrcs, which 1 think it occnpie- down to the jioint at which 1 linvo examined it; chiefly one tissure with, however, a couple more on top and one more iindonioath, and that is all I can tiinl at the apex. .\t. the railroad cnl. I have measured what I considered to he the finr width of the vein format iim 10 20 The roiirt: What you mean is that there is a siijierior Wiil' a- in -^ome ca.sps that ^Fr. Kinff mentions. A. ^'es, sir, one l)ey(]nd it. 35 The Court: I)o you siijipose there would he one of what he meant as a mperior wall'^ A. From some i|Ufstioiis that were asked .Mr. Liiidi^reii, I siippo>ed the theory was that there niialit he any miiniier. 1 don't know what there iniiiht he, Imt f think 1 know what there are, and I say that the maxinmm width is 20 feet, and the width shewn at tln^ a])ex is l.") feet, and the width shewn nt the top of \o. 2 shaft is soniewher,' hefwecn 1.") or -.'(i feet, and then f know places where f can see the walls, an ])ractically all the way dowii except at one point where it has been broken throueh in working and shews oi-e behind it. The new work had not broken through that dyke at any point, but had g(me down on the side of it. I took the heap of rock that was » %> 342 lying at the to]), this piece, simply because it was a piece of convenient size and shape to carry. I do not know that there were any pieces tiiat I saw jireatiy larger than this, l.ut this is nut particnlarly larger than a good many that were lying there, and it was not selected with any particular care except for its being a pretty size and shajie for an exhibit; and I identify it as a piece which 1 took 5 at that place and at that time. The Court: You took it from the dump at the top ^>i' the winze? A. I'Vom the dump at the top of the winze, from the new material taken out by this work. All I can say as to its certainly being new material taken out df tiiis H' place is, that my visit was unexpected to anyi)0(ly there, the last time i was there there wa^^ nothing in this drift in the way of new ore. Tiiis was per^'ectlv clean and I have no doubt, and tiiere is no moral doubt, that this ^tutf — a num- i)er of tons of stuff lying there — was the fresh ]irodnct of that work. It was freshly fractured, it cotdd not have been mined long before at any ]ioint. This 15 piece shews chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and quartz, and iridicales by its weight that it is what we call practically solid ore, though seanu'd with .piartz. 1'his piece of ore was tendered by Mr. Da\is as an exhibit and was marked Defendants' Exhibit 141. 20 The Cfiurt: You say this contain> chalcopyrite, pyri'hotite and what? A. Quartz. The Court: "What is called silica? A. '\'es, free silica, not silica in 25 combination.— I find, yoiu' Lordship, in thinking over wiiat I put in yesicnhiv, that I omitted to read one passage — I wish to cite one more authority in fliis connection, namely, ''The .Mineral Indtistry, its statistics, technologv and trade, for 1895," being the 4th volume, edited by R. P. Rotluvell and puldished in New York in 189G, which contains a inuubcr of scientific essays from ditferent 30 authorities, and among others, an essay by Prof. .1. V. Is'euip, whom T mentioned yesterday, who is professor of geology and ore deposits at th(^ Cohunl)la Uni- versity School of !Mines, City of Xew York, and is considered our h'ading pro- fessional atithority, that is, college authority, on this subject. Tiiis was his out- line of the opinion-; held to-day on the origin of ores, and that being the std)ject, 35 I consider it very appropriate and an important authority to introduce, because there are so many theories at different periods that it is interesting to know what a master on the sid)ject would say is the general view in whieii ii'eologi>ts mute, not a single theoi'V, but the Sicneral ])oiut on whieli they all unite, as to the origin of ores. F read from the first jiage of that paper, which is [)age T.""!") of the 4.Q volume named. I will read a single paragra])h; *'So far as the standiioint of geologists to-day may be briefly suuunari/.ed they are as follow^: if we understand veins to imply filled fissures with more; or less 343 atti'ndant iiupregiiiitiuii oi' replaecmeiit of the wall.-, ami it' suuli occnii' in ritrati- fied or massive rocks that have not been so mui'h disturhod or mctamori)lio8ed as to (il)scuri' tlic rc'hitions, wo pi'acticaliy all believe that they have hceii tilled by .-JolutiDiis wliit'h, in most eases, have ascended from interior and probably more heate(l parts of the earth, 'riius if an ore biidy is found in wiiat is clearly a filled crack, either along an improbably more heated parts of the earth. I'rof. Kcmii continues: ''Some may think that the solutions have seeped into a standing pool in the fis- .sure from the walls," — that is, lateral secretion — "iiut if such solutions arc as- sumed to have been at the time anywhere near the surface, the conditions are so unfavorable for dissolving in cold natural waters sucli insoluble minerals as arc most ores that the explanation has small claims to credibility. If the walls are assumed to have been at great depth, we liaxe practically the same conditions as in the other views." That is to say, the assumption of latcrnl sitcntion or lateral ilow fi'om the ooiintry rock at great depth into a fissure, then it becomes the same as the ascensionists' theory, because we do not deny that at great depth the rock fron\ which the miiu'ral originally came would be a country rock; that is, it ha.s got to comi into the vein from something that is not the vein, it is not necessary to read any more; that simple statement of consens\is of gi'ologi- cal opinion at the present day in regard to that subject i< sutficient. Let me say in conclusion that it does not exclude the ailmitted fact that in certain special eases a ff)rm of lateral secretion, or lateral influence by th(> cnunvry rock in sup- plying minerals to the vein has been established for a single exceptional ease. As a general theory it is not accepted, and in this particidar case, as I have al- ready ex)>lained, it is not tenable. One final sign wliicdi I oinirtrd lo mention the other day, that the contents of this vein of th? Centre Star, or sinular veins in this rock, did not come into the vein as a concentration of pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite disturbed through the country rock. For instance, we should find that country rock to a very large extent, for a considerable distance, oO feet and more from any recognized and supposed vein was to some extent mineral- ized, was altered by having had quartz jtut into it, and Itrown mica developed in it, or chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite disseminated sparsely in it, the (piestion would arise -whether that is the proof that tiie country rock originally had all those minerals in it and has been supplying them to these concentrations in the vein; or on the other hand, whether the minerals having come np in the veins in mineral solution and been chiefly deposited where those mineral solutions ate out a sufficient space by replacement to hold the solid ores, and then by the same mineral solutions working through the pores of the 10 15 20 30 40 ;J44 rock without iiiiv dcfiuito fissure t( (Ic lliciii, or luiv svimiutrlciil tissni'cs to gill tli will iiiit iiuprcii'tuitcil iiiul piU'tKll illtlTcd iiiul piuti'illy rc]) iliU'cd tlic I'U'incTits of til" coiiutrv rock for a cousiilcralilc (listiiuci That 'oiulition )f tlie coniitrv rock we iiii>!:lit conceive t( hie either to tlic fact that tli e cour.- K fry rock wis tlie origin of the minerals, tiiat when if oiMginallv < led thev were all ill it and has since supplied them to the ti-siires where thev iire nion nren- trated. That is one theory. Tlu' other would i>e that I he lissures are the source, so far as tlie country rock is concerned, of minerals which have come up from below and impregnated the country rock, so that whenever voii lind iiiipregiia- ,r, tlon of the country rock yon will tind that the most intense or tliickesi or richest part of it — the centre or heart of it, so to spi'ak — was n ti>>ure from which it proceeded and not a tissiire to which it |ii'oceede(l. Now, tli(> clincliiiii;' aryu- nioiit in this present case, or the clinehiiig proof that tiie impregnation or iiiHl- tration or replacement proceeded from the fissures out into the countrv and not ,- from the country into the fissures, is the fact that secondary pyrrhotite, so far as we know, does not occur in nature; nt lenst, we cannot invent or devi-e any process in the hilioratory hy which we can bring it to pass or conceive that it could coine to pass. That statement of mine would not he true in a certain sense of the word secondary. For instance, the pyrrhoiit( ral in Norway ami Swe(len. Ihit whnt 1 mean in this connection hy sec l.iry ])yrrhotite is ])yrrliotile that has oiice lieeii de- posited soinewhere in the rock as pyrrhotite. For instance, pyrrhotite scattered nil through these rocks in little crystals, as you can find it anywhere in ihis <'ut out here where it is seen a great deal. Xow, su]i])osing that that were held to be originally in the melted rock and to have been formed there when the rock cooled. What I mean now hy secondary pyrrhotite is that that pyrrhotite after being solid in the cooled rock has l)een dissolved and carried somewdiere else liy currents of water in the rock, hot or cold, no matter which, and had heen rcpre- cipitated somewhere else as pyrrhotite again. •20 25 30 The Court: Repreci|iitated, do you say^ A. r.epn'cipitatedi it Avas dissolved The Court: Chemically speaking? A. Chemically speaking and ap- .n peared repreciplt.iti-d somewhere else so a.s to make pyrrhotite. The trouble is that tlie moment we dissolvi> pyrrhotite in anything that we can dissolve it in, and then try to get it ntniiis), niul 7 iiropdi'tions df .snl|ilmi': or it niiiy lie 7 atiiin> nf ivon to 8 atdUiM ni' .siilplmr; of it may lie s atnins ut' iimi id It df sulphur. It vttufics tlinmii'li a very vague scrips nf chcMiical prupnriidU', all nl' whirh iniii- catc that it !< simply a varialiic sulp!ii!' inin willi ,iii cxtia ,itnm of sulpliuv tackcil onto it, and that is, of course, loosclv lichl, ami liic uidincnt ycui cumc to rc-constitiitc it liy dissolving it arid prccii)itatiuii it and uiaiiipulating it in any wav clicniically, away goes tlu' ''Xtra atom (l. And that is wiiy F say that pyrr- hotito in the country rock would not leacdi under any circuui-tances into the veins, liut would turn uj) in the veins in s,une other form suidi as iron pyrites. Q. ^'ou ,s]ioke alimu. pyrrhotife in eouiui'y mck. Have you founil iiny pyrrliotite in the country rock here at a distance from the vein-; A. Xot bcvond file raiiiic of -10 or ."iii feet or so. 15 Mi. Davis: That is all. A. (Conntimiing.) I have one more point, if I may he ])ardoned; it will 20 onlv take a second — no argunu'iit ahout it, hut a fact which 1 forgot to mention as to this apex. The (piesfion has heen asked ahont the interruption of the apex, and 1 do not know whether ilr. iving said, imt Mr. Lindgreii said, he had found the ape . continuous exee|)t where it crossed the railroail track. .Xow, lie evi- dently had not examined, what 1 have exaiuined, a little trench whi(di is cut for .25 the purpose aero.ss the railroar(fore constitutes no inferrupti.m at all to tracing the apex. That is all. ;!4(; crows examination. By Mr. Bodwem. — 5 Q. Yon said, T)r. Riiymoiid, tliat you liavo f(.iiiul |nrrli(iiilc in tlir n 'l-- as far as iJO feet invav from a vein? Mr. Davis: Forty feet, I tliiiik lie said. 10 A. I .said K) feet— or 50; 40 is tlic iari,'cst in T on ]:no\v is 40 feet away; but what there might he in the rock nearer, — T ean oidy ?ay there i.s pyrrhf)tite in tlu> country ntck here; and the nearest vein I ean get nt from an\- workings is 40 feet away. Q. Yon would not he suqirised to learn that the eros.scut from that point 05 to tlie vein shewed that that was the only vein in the vicinity? .V. I would not. Q. It would he quite eousi;tent witli all the rest of your ohservations? A. Excuse me a moment. 1 will measure at that place aud tell yon exactly the distance — the point 1 ain speaking of. (The witness makes meastirements on his moflel.) That point I was speaking of is a point at which I found pyrr- 30 15 :M7 hotifo ill what I consiilcrt'd to bo clear connliy rcM'k a(, ii Jistimcc) outsiJo of tho vein of -10 feet, in a rit;ht atijrlo fniiii tin? nenrcst vein. It can not lie hIicwii in tiic (TusH-cnt, and tlioreforo 1 think it is 40 feot from tiiu vein that ^iipitlicd tho p_y^rhotit^^ 5 Q. Was it any "onsiih'ral.lc iinantity< A. Yo, it wa^ ripaiSf, Imt onongii to SCO witii tin; j^iass*. Q, T !-nppiisc th(( (piantity would lie dependent altoi^etJii r on leeal eoti- (litionn un(hT wiiieii it came into tlie country n>ck< A. The ([iiantity de- K) pendM very d(>cide(lly en the distance from tho v^in. It diiiiiriislKs rapidly a-* you pass tlie walls. As yon pass tho walls of the vein the iiiianfity drops sud- denly and then it dindnishes rajiiillv until ynu find ccnnilry mck in iilare-; with- out any. Q. At a distance of II or 15 or 20 feet from the vein vou n!i'j;lit find a consideralile (|uaiitity< A. ^'|p, in no [ilace a coMsi ' know any particul.ir instance in wlii iliat lia- lia|i- jieMed heref 1 de , I am speakinj; of a particular instance. Q. Yen, but yen are 10 feet away from the vein tliere^ A. 1 am -10 feet awa\ from tho vein whore I said 1 found the minimum (piantity ef pyri' hotite. Xow, 1 said at the wall of the vein I found a nuich larirer quantity, and at a f'lit from the wall there was a drop so ^'reat — it was not a srradnal shutting of! from the wall of the vein to that place; there was a Midden dn.p at the wall of the vein, and then a shading- off. Q. At what particular vein did you mfke I liat examination^ A. That exannnation was made in what is called the brown cross-cut from the Iron ^fask stu|ie. Q. And that place where you say it was 40 feet away, away from what 35 I'oint? A. The nearest vein, say from the middle of the brown cross-cut running south fi'om the Iron ^Mask stope. •20 30 Yes. Mr. Davis: You are speaking of the middle of the brown cross-cut? A. 40 Q. The middle of the brown cross-cut is the point from whicli you went 40 feet? A. The end of the brown cross-cut is the heart of the vein, not the \all of the vein. 348 Q. The middle of the brown cross-cut i? the place you took as the point of departure? A. I found solid pyrites at the end of llic cross-cut, with a minimum at the end of it; but there is no regular gradation; the drop takes place about 13 feet from the end of the brown cross-cut, 13 to 15 feet from the en(' of the brown cross-cut where T consider that the wall exists, and on one side 5 of the wall there is a good deal more than there is innncdjiitely on the other ^ide. Q. What do you fix as the average width of the Centre Star vein? A. I don'l know as T mid give a satisfactory avcrng(> of it, lint T fix thr niaxinnnn width of it when > 'nve been able to find it, as about 20 foot. T find it about 1() 15 feet very plainly exhibited in the embankment of the rnihvjnd cut at the sur- face. Then T find it aliout 13 foot in the l)rown cross-cut to tlie nortli of the solid pyrrhotito, and at that point [ did not see a foot wall along the pyrites. 1") 90 Mr. Davis: Pyrrhotito, you nici.. . A. Pyrites is a sciurMl term for both pyrites and pyrrhotito, but I will say pyrrhotito. Q. So you Avould fix the vein as being 13 feet in width in the brown cross- cut? A. iSTo, I do not. I fix the width of the vein from tlie hanging v/all to the end of the brown cross-cut as about 13 feet, and considering tlie jiositidU of tliat pyritc.*, and the fact that the wall below it is seen elsewliore, [ have to make an allowance as the width of the vein is not there in tlie brown cross-cut ('()nii)letely shewn; — if the l)rown cross-cut coubl have hern continu(>(l. it would liave cut the foot wall and wo u'oiild iiave iiad the widtli clcarlv Hhcwii. Q. What do you say is the width of the vein in tiie win/c at tlie ciul of ""' the green drift? A. I do not know. That is going down in the sulid jivrr- holite and elialconyrite; T can state the width of the solid urc, Imr wii(>rc the outside boundaries of the vein would be tlu.re, I could not tell. Q. Do you think you know where the hanging; wall of tlie vein is at that '•'* point? A. IN'o, sir. 35 Q. Xor the foot wall? A. No, it is inside of both of them — the winze is. Q. The ore is inside? A. The ore is necessarily inside. The existence of a solid body of ore vein implies the bomidaries, whether y(ni have found them or not. The winze is not big enough to shew them on that point. Q. 1 .im not on that point. I am asking you if you had seen the hanging 40 wall or foot wall in the winze? A. I have seen descending iilanes m the «vinze having the general strike and dip of the planes I have put in here to rep- resent the Centre Star vein. I could not be sure that I have seen in that winze the top or bottom, tliat is, the hanging or foot wall of tlijnt zone. 349 Q- I>o you think you saw it in the green drift, the Centre Star No Jnft? 95 The Court: Ihat IS the one leading to the winze? A. I am inclined to tlunk that I did see-no, I cannot be .nre even then-. There is a hanging wall plane there, but I am not sure, but I have no cross-cuts to shew it. Q. When you say you follow continuous ore Iti that drift, Doctor, vou mean that you find, to begin with, a very small, narrow .cam of ore, don't vou' A. Ko, sir. 10 Q. Ildw wide is tlie ore at your starting point? A. At the st'irting point the side is blasted away, but the first solid rock I act on the right hand side in going in, I find some two or three feet of pvritos, of cimlcopvrite and when I say cnutiuuous, I mean tiiat 1 hammered rigln straight along and conld , ■ wt out chalcopyrit<> all right. E„t iu a miner's sense of continuous, or what T did say is practically continuous, would be a defined seam in blasting wlii.d.. in drifting in which or sinking in which a miner throw out ore ,.vcrv time he made a blast. Continuous ore in a miner's sense is not derived from the use of these largo poM-er drills that drill six or seven feet, but from the use of small hand drills. AVhen the miner d' 'Ming with a small hand drill gets ore every blast, he thinks he is in ore and calls it ore. That is not what I mean when I say con- tiiuums. I mean literally continuous; I mean every time you take a hamiuer fiud knock out a piece you will find ore. 20 Q. What I want to get at is the width of that ore at the starting jioint of the 95 incline shaft? A. U I have it in my notes I will give it to you; I can not give it to you now from memory. (After examining his note hook.) Well, the nearest measurement T have to the thickness of the ore iu the side of the incline shaft No. 3 just at this wider place where it turns, striking the dyko, inclined doM'n a few feet; I haven't any record at that corner, at the corner of the green drift which I suppose is what you mean. ;jo Q. Don't you remember there is a narrow seam of ore running along there a short distance? A. I do not recollect the width of the ore at that point. I was following the (U-e along, but 1 may not have noticed it at that point, or might have noticed it and forgotten it, but T do not find it at this pres- ent moment. I have another set of notes which I -will examine. .)0 Q. I won't trouble you about that. Suppose there was a seam there of ^q half an inch, or say, one inch in width. Would that represent one of the phmes of the shear-zone vein? A. [ could not tell without examining it whether it did or not. It would not represent one of the planes of the shear-zone vein un- less it had a different strike from the others. The planes of the shoar-.'.one vein 350 arc parallel ; that is, the so-called planes of the shear-zone vein. But the shear- zone veins are full of little cross fissures not extending beyond the walls but simply making eomnuuiieations from one down to another within the walls, in- terlacing the other fissures. 6 Q. Have you any data to shew what the average width of tlio shear-zone veins in this plane are? A. I have no data that I could produce and swear to. Tlie data on that subject arc constituted by inijirc.'^sions ih'rived from going over and over and over places where the shear zones liave really been obiitcratcd l)y the replacement, but from the looks of the replacement 1 judge that rlicy arc 10 very small, and judging also from the looks of other places in the district which I have accidcnlally seen in passing where I found shear-zones very well marked, but not mineralized to any great extent, at least on the surface, in wWw\i the laminae or different ])lates ranged down as low as one-eighth to one-sixteenth of an inch, and then ip as liigh as a fxpect in a large body com- iiiff down the Xo. '■), t\w planes of shearing midit have been an inch or less 20 apart, and tliat is the reason why tluy ant entirely i-aten up, liecaus(> they am be attacked from both sidi s, and the narrow planes arc eaten up ami give rise afterwards to solid bodies of ore, while planes farther apiirt do not a'ct as much iittack, they get imjiregnated to some extent, but d o not sii rea'lilv fdviu laru'c bodies. 25 Q. There in the No. !)5 east drift, the green drift, there is an exi)(isure of the vein there for nearly 100 feet on its .strike, is there not^ A. Yes. Q. Do yon find evidences of a shear-zone in that vein clearly marked, or 30 in that drift, I should say? A. I have not examined anything in that drift except the .solid pyrrhotite, just to trace that. That was my wnrk here, to see wliether there was a solid tracing in ore. Q. It ought to be seen there.' A. The plan es( 35 Q. Yes, the jilaties of the shear-zone^ A. Parallel planes are seen better, I think, at the wmze, but they can be traced in the roof and floor. Q. Y'on think they are seen better at the winze at the end of the green 4Q drift? A. I think they are, because th?re you go right down witii them. You have them in the west end of the winze. There is a distance of them in the winze. To see a plane of that kind in the drift which is run upon the plane you can only get a trace of it marked above and another trace below; but below it is 351 apt to be trampled under foot and covered witli (lii>t and Iuh to ho picked off, while it is out of reach of destruction aliovc. I t'oiiiKJ tlic (nc witliout anv dith'- cidty, but I did not notice the planes in tiiat parricular place. Q. Yon assumed, of course, that they would iie there or yoii wonli have ovvi A. The existence of ore iin]»li('s biiniidarics. not Q. Yes, hilt in this case, of course, you would tiiid a Ijoiiudavy tliat voii eould see with reference to this vein< A. ^'cs, I miuhr lind one. Inn not |() necessarily. Q. Have you found a boundary that you could see with ret'ercncc to this ^eir; outside of what you refer to in the brown cross-cut^ A. 1 iliink tliere is a hanginji; wall shown in my section of the east winze, cnteriui;- the c -t winze near a point 15 ^Ir. Davis: The Iron ^lask east winze^ A. riic Iron Ma-k f;\-\ winze: enterinii' tjie Iron ifask east winze near. point 69 in the yellow Icxcl. i'lic poii.t 09 is country rock in the winze where it intersected obli(|uelv throuirh the winze. the u I'inze, descending .u\ Q. You spoke yesterday of a geoloiiical shear-zone a< distinaui-lHMl from a shear-zono vein. You said a geological shear-zoiie iniulit extend through a whole country and a siiear-zone vein, I suppose would be a part of the zone 25 which was mineralized^ A. Is.xcuse me, I did not mean a whole countrv; you do not mean the United States of America. A whole district or a whole mountain? Q. A whole mountain, vcs. I suppose vou would call the shear-zone vein a similar formation which was mineralized? A. Yes, a shear-zone vein mav ' be included in a geological shear-zone, or it may contain the whole of it; ami the geological shear-zone may be a small aifair with only a ])iece of a vein; oi' they may be shear-zone veins within one and the same aeoloa'icnl slu-.nr-zoue. Q. lint if there was a geological shear-zono in a minoralizod conntrv there would be a .shear-zone vein corres]i(iiiding to the extent of mineralization? A. K'ot necessarily. Corresponding to the localities of concentration. The extent of mineralization might be such that the whole of the rock of the whrde district would bo more or less altered; but under certain fissures or groups of fissures as constituted shear-zone veins,, there would be concentration. 40 Q. "Where woidd you draw- the line? AVhen the mineralization ceased to become commercially valuable, would you say that was the end of the shear i:ono vein although the formation went on? A. Yes, wo shoidd have to, T :!ri-> tliink, iipply tlio test in iiiiniiif;-. [t is tiic miiiio (lilliriilfy witii iv^finl to nil A'ciiis. It i^ not a pccnliiir Q. ( Inlcmi|)tinn'.) Tiiiit would not he the loniciil n.^nli t'nuii tiic ;>ci)- loniciil standpoints A. Excuse nic. It is not n ])0(Miliar result— it is not a result peculiar to shear-zone ^cins; it is common to ad veins— tiuit miners eon- ^ sider that a vein will go into the walls ns far as it pays, and they have a riyht to take out of the vein ns belontrin<;' to it wlialevei' is within the wiills thai pnvs. It is the same with shcnr-zones as any other. Xow. as a matter of theorv it ii imiiossihle to state the precise detinitiou. lint as a matter of fact it ii"ver has proved imi)ossil.|(> to <>et a practical difFerence even if tlnTe wms a litijc mineral- ^*-* izatiou between the veins, because the miucraii/.atiou t'ides <,nl iVom each vein towards its next neighbor. Q. Yes, but according to the definition you would have to limit the vein geologically at the end of the mineralization, would you notS A. (ieoloLiic- 15 ally T would limit the vein with the plane that started it; that is the nvoloojcal vein. The comnu'rcia! vein has come afterwards. 'I'lie impregnation of a vein \vitli \-alue is not a geological etl'ect at all. Q. AVell, the commercial, or at least the miner's idi'a of a vein iiei;an on 20 n geological definition, didn't it, Doctor^ A. Xo, sir; that is just what rt did not do. The miiUM's have been working for centuries without gcolouieal dctini- tions ami the geologists l)ased their first dcfini'ions uiion a small gi'oup of mines that were at that time known; but all over the world there were other mines and peo])le talked about veins that were not g(>ologieal xcins at all. 05 Q You wrote the preface of this "(.ienesis of Ore |)(posit>" bv Prof. ProsepnyS A. T did. Q. I find this language there: ".Vs a personal friend, diligent stmlent and liearty admirer of Bernard Cotta, and no less as a professional critic of his views, I fed myself bound to say that his theorh-s as stated more than oO rears auo are ttill to a surprising degree valid and comprehensive. There is scarcely a single modern modification of them for which he did not with intuitive imiiressions leave a place. On the other hand, it is a fair criticism of the whole Freiburg school that it gave too much prominence and attributed too nnich typical im- portance to the fissure veins a.s represented in the Kbzgeburger. Su<'li writers as (troddeck and Orinnn have undoubtedly aided to modify this dis]>roi)ortionate emphasis. But it is nr)t useful to infiuence the conceptions entertained by min- ers and even by legislators, as the United States mining law, evidently based on the true fissure vein as a general type, abundantly demonstrates." "N^ow, I ^ni derstand from that quotation that yoiu- idea was that the United States mineral acts were framed on the theory of the typical fissure vein? A. Undoubtedly thev were. ■M 45 40 .•553 Q. At tliat time the quartz veins i.f ( 'itlifi)nua wcit known, were llicy not, Doctor^ A. Yen, mv, hut tlicy wcri' mil kmiun ii^ Inir tii«r-iin' vriii-. Q. Tlit-y hail not the cliarncteristics of ti-nr liH.etl!ed to he ti>-inre vein" at all. All the law was hased npon wa.n the idea, which is undoiihii.lU eharaetevistie of true tissure veins, tliat the vein woidd lie a hmji, tolerahly diivel and tulerahly uniform plane, like my piece of paslehoard there. 'I'hat i^ the idial vein of the law, no matter wlietlicr it has one fissure or two, .\ 01,0,1 man-- of ilu'in were hods tipped lip, sedimentary veins, and so Iohm- ,1-; ii had thai shajie thi. Ia\( caild liiiiidle it, and tliat was the shape it was 'i-sinned in h:i\e: they did not know what ii-i-e^uiarities it inifiht have. Q. Tint it was presumed to ho a crack in tlio rock which could he followed as a crack and that was supposed to he the vein, thai is to say, that was the honn- daries of the vein? A. That was liie |)resumptioii in the mind of the person who drafted the law of IStKl in tho (Iintod State.s. .\nd in isiiT, il I iiiav he pormittcd to sjiy s,,, I Imd the honor to present to a Jiid^c of the Supi-enie Court of the Fnited States fitting- in circuit with the other .ruili:ts in I he Kureka case. a statoment thai that coni'e])tion was not ijie praclical i-onceptiiJii of minei->: ami tlio Court then declared that ilie law must he applied to I he ininei-s' sense of a vein, and they pave us in that case as a true vein a hody of sediiiientary liiue- stono. Q. Yes, hut, l)(j(^tor, in that case you put it 011 tic ii-ronml. didn't you, that yon had there a formation coverintr hut one a'cojoaical perioil, havinii|e a hoiindary of cpiarl/. an top of tho mouulain and came down on the other side, it was 800 feet, and a groat deal was made of tliat; but the horizontal di-tanco was 230 feet. Q. But you found a place, and mentioned it in your cvidtaice, where the quartzite and shale came together? A. Yes. 10 IT) •20 25 30 35 40 n :)r)i Q. Af Iciisi, tliiTc wiuj iiiiii(>riili/.ntiou all (lie wav tliroiit'li. ntnl it was only 11 HJiort diHtimcf, u font u]m-li A. I think ii few im-lii's. Q. And tlicivforo von ciiticliKKMl, ax a ,itcH.li,^i,-ii! t'm-t, flnif tin i|iiiirt/ii(. was uiidiM-iiciitli tlu liiiic'r*t()iic ziiiic over flic whole hiii|\^ A. 'I'l-^, 5 (^ And therefore yon coiiehKh .1 tlmi the rniiu i-mI solution-* eiinie n|i idnui,' the .iiuirtzif.-. hetwecn that and the limestone luid |m neir.ii.d tin. liinr-ionc oro to the sh.'de lionndiiry ., ^^n other -iidt^ A. ('er(innl\. 10 Q. And Intvi ig Hhw t\v. iMMindnrie. :,nd m eonniM.n < ■,... ,,f miiiendi/a- fion and one irenlojf., ,| ...rind of time, yon sai.i von tl ^ht it on^dit lo l,e e.dled n vein, alfh.miih it hn,: .!■, '.e ,.han,et..ri-.i,.H of a vein in the .en.e in whieh [ have jnst exphuned^ a. I think yonr ^fatenient. is verv eomvt. f think T ■.vilj |.ni it to your own satisfaethm in .till hriefer form. If in :i ;^oMe a^ wide ^^ a-i that. LT.O feet wide, there eoidd have heen I'onn.l ro,.k honndarie^ >,|,,iritin- two planes or /.ones or ehanntd.s with relatively harren r.,ek luMwoen and no eon"- ncethm in ore. I should have unqnestionahly said llial L'.-.O feei wa^ for a ndner too i,ic a jnmo, and ihai 1 wonld liave made two vvins ont n( thaf /.,me instead of one. • !20 The Court: K'nnni.i- parallel to eaeh other? A. linnnin- parallel to caeh other. [ wonid not have allowed, from a mininif .staiidpoini— a mining ^■iiuineer's standpoint -whatever go-dopists mi-lit have .said (ii mi-lii have h.en 05 .pate true ucolo■ ^"" ■ honiidaries of assays, tliere is no ditference. you inay not he ahlo to see them, it may take the crneihie to shew them— hut when he has them and has fi tahnlar form, that is to say, has lenirth and depth f;reat<'r th:ni thiekne.s s., a-i 30 lo ,-i\(. it the shape of :, vein, which is the essential thinu in a minei'V classifi- cation, he will not feel it ri<>ht, no matter what i>col,,-i>ts tell him. to jnmj) a large interval »i' l.arren eonntry to get to another similar thing and then eneh.so them hoth in a one. They might he hot.li in the same geological shear-zone. 1'hen' nught he two separate groups of small dieai' |.lanes in the same shear- 35 zone; and tliere unght be a wide geoloirieal shear-zone up on this hill; I don't know whether there is or not; 1 have not looki'd for it. There might he other shear 7ono group.s constituting shear-zone veins M-ithin those limits; T do not know, T have not looked for tlioni. But T do know that T have started from this one and I have seen its mineralization t'adin:; out away from its walls into the 49 eonntry rock, and therefore though 1 unght not he aide to fix the wall either by the eye or microscope, or see at any actu.al given point, T know about wliere it is, and T know the nearest phuie which has proved a limit. To be sure, thai mineralization lias to go a little beyond that plane, beean.sc in any case the niin- 355 eralization spreads in both directions from the phino. Tliorefore it wonkl be a \ein extending from that top plane, as I liave found, to the bottn;n phane, as I have found, and a little more according to the way it opened into tiie wnll. Q. Then you do not find here a definition, a line of demarcation corres- ponding to the quartzite in Eureka case? A. The case is entirely different from the Eureka case, and T beg to explain it. T cited the Eureka case because ^ you asked me if the law was not based on fissim; veins; I brought that up as a case in which the court decided and the law was expounded to me tliat fissure veins were not necessarily Q. But what T want to get on the record is certain relations to the Knreka ^^ vein. You did not find anything beyond the quartzite in the Eureka case? A. Xo, nothing beyond the quartzite. Q. You do not find anything here which corresponds to the shale as the other boundary? A. No, the boundaries are both inside the same rock here. 15 Q. And they are all practically the same rock, the whole mass is in one kind of rock? A. The wliole mass of rock apart from tlie dyke. Q. And you have to make your line of boundary a place where ihe min- eral ceases to be commercially valuable^ A. That might l)e the ultimate boundary of the minable ore, but the boundary of the formations, the boun(hiry of the contact — in any ease I say it is always nece.'^sary — in this case I find it practicable, and therefore I take the plane as 1 find it. Q. But you can not tell that by the eye, because this ore might look to be very valuable and assay very small? A. I can tell the plane by the eye but I cannot tell what the ore will assay just beyond it. 20 25 Q. But you would not stop at that plane if you got good assays beyond? 30 A. I would stop at that place and try to ascertain what the value wius; then I see this vein had also eaten a part of the way into the walls. Q. "Where do you get your ultimate plane? A. You do not have to have an ultimate plane to cover all the mineralization; but there is an ultimate 35 plane to cover the concentrated mineralization. Q. But is not that rather arbitrary? You must have something that will do for the boundary of this plane? A. Just the same as if it was the simplest fissure vein that could be described. If it had two walls arid no more, and no 40 walls inside, and there were walls of granite, and the gangue was altogether dif- ferent and it had not come out of the granite and had not been altered from 35b country rock, but had come up the whole of it, even then there wouhl bo pene- tration beyond the wall into the granite. Q. That would be all vein^ A. I wjild not say it was all vein. I should say the miners' way of saying would be, "here's the wall, and as for the 5 ore, she's gone behind the wall." Q. The general idea, the fa\oral)le idea witli writers now— .Mr. Uickard and others— who have written on vein walls, is that it is a mistake about the ap- parent walls being the end of the vein; that the ore goes back to them, and if yon 10 cross-cut behind the wall you still may iiavc your vein? A. That is very true, but I am not speakhig of a case in which ther.> arc walls behind walls. In other words, that would be a case in which there was an outer plane enclosmg the m- nei' plane, and that would constitute a true wall pbaie if t'u.t were iion.'rali/.ed out. But tuere is a wall in this case, and there would be in the case you sug- gest, Mr. Hickard's case, a wall beliind a wall; and beyond that tliere is metallic impregnation in the rock; very good; and we do not tiu.l any more walls. Then I should sav that wall is an outside wall. 15 Q. The eating out of the vein? A. The eating out of tlie vein. '\'\w ore can eat from one fissure to another, and can bound the extent of iiiinerali/.- ation. The only case of that kind I have cited is the sign that 1 liave found, namely, that at the plane which I find which does not acttially stop the miner- alization of the rock, there is a sudden drop in the mineralization of the rock. So up to that plane it is more mineralized, and just beyond liie jilane it is very much less mineralized. Q. Then you thouglit that Mr. King and Mr. Lindgren ought to have said that they- had reached the ultimate wall, and not that they did not know wliether they had reached the ultimate wall or not? A. T don't know vhat they ought to have said; they ought to liave said what they thouglit. 20 25 30 Q. You do not agree with them, you would say that they had reached the ultinuite wall? A. I think the ultimate wall, ]\[r. King said Ins tliought g^^ he had reached the ultimate wall in the brown drift, the ultimate lianging wall in the brown cross-cut, and Mr. King subsequently said that he had found a wall in the Centre Star tunnel, yellow, below at a point Q. In the crosscut? A. In the Centre Star cross-cut; I think it was ^q somewhere between 37 and 38 on that cross-cut, (referring to model): he found a plane there, and in going in that cro.ss-cut south through the country he foinid no more, and he therefore, and that was the last foot wall plane, and the foot wall plane he found in tlie brown cross-cut, and the foot 10 357 wall drift he found in the yellow cross-cut, and when ho was asked whether there was any reason why there would not he any more he said not that he knew of, and I agTee with him still, hocauso we do not understand the reasons of the limit. Mr. Davis: Xo reason why there sliduld he any more? The Court: Xo reason why tliere should or should not be any more thn he knew of. Q. Sup])ose yim start to crws-cut in that Xo. .'5 incline .-nd go out lieyond the plane and tind another jjlane and u'ore mineralized rock Ix-tween the tu-o, would you still be in the vein? A. It is a question as to how well it is mineralized. Q. You would put it altogether on the oronnd of minerali/.;ition, on tiie extent of mineralizati(m? A. Xo, not altojiether, becau.-e 1 shonid want to see whether tliat jjhenomena is repeated elsewhere; I don't think an exposure at one spot would settle it, hut if it was the general ])henomena that there was a wall underneath the lowest wall we have ever found, and that the ore rnn u]» to it. minerals ran up to it, there is no doubt about [;.; wli"ther it is a vein as big as it is, you cannot help yourself if it is so many feet thicker if you find it here; I don't tind it here; that is t> -diole storv. 20 25 Q. But tlie houndary is a plane, and commercial mineraHzatir.n there? A. The boundary of the workable ore in a vein which I suppose woukl legally helong to the vein is of mineralization, the l)oundary of the vein itself is the last plane that gives the minei'alization. Q. AVhat was the proportion of mineralization in ilie Eureka case, it was qq less than on* per cent, of the whole quantity? A. The i'Jnreka case was not a question of mineralization, but of continuous ore. Q. I know, but I think that evidence was given at thi;t time, and I would like it, what the amount of mineralization \ras, the proportion of 'iii!,,.valiza- or tion? A. I don't know. Q. It was stated in the Waterloo case to be less than one pev cent? .\. That figure was got at in this way, Mr. Bodwell, and is of no consequence. A large zone of limestone through whicTi continuons bodies of silver and lead ore An were running were finally decided by the court, because those bodies were irregidar and had no zones or boundaries that could be classified as veins, hut it carried everywhere in it limestone .and it h.^d one f;oo(l df-al earlier than I expected to, owins; to tliis ill-advised ad- jouniincnt, and it has cut short my preparation. Q. You have been up to No. 5 raise? A. No, sir; I had just time to finish — well, it is as shewn by the model. Q. Have you examined this cross-cut tunnel? AVhat is this name on there— .58 I think? A. Yes, from station 58. Q. The cross-cut from station 58? A. Yes. Mr. Davis: You mean top of the Iron "Nfask winze? Mr. Bod well: No. The Witness: It starts from just above the sump of No. 3 incline and goes east rather irregularly down\vard. It is irregular, broken over there. Q. In its course it ought to cut some part of the Centre Star vein ' A. I shoidd not see Centre Star vein in it. (.i. You don't remember from your examination? A. Oh, yes, I do. Tha< was really at the very entrance; station 59 is where the flat fau'^'intersects a section, mass of ore coming down No. 3 shaft, snd just under the flat fault the ore goes on. Now at that flat fault, we have it in a body right opposite 59 sta- tion, and that body you can trace except where tlie irregular excavations there have turned it out. Q. Do you find Centre Star vein continuing through the cross-cut tliere from station ;]8 to station 16? A. Thirty-eight to 16 is err ..-tut; that goes from near the bottom of the drill hole. Mr. Davis: Tliat is 68; 68 is the drill hole. The Witness: Seventeen is the drill hole. Mr. Davis: No, 68 is the drill hole; 16 is about the top of the winze. A. T^'-.y-o is it exactly, only I have got 17 marked. There is a new station of ours marked 17. The Court: Sixty-eight to 38. A. Sixty-eight to 38. The Court: Tli.it drill hole is at 38? A. Yes, sir. 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 300 Tlio Curt: l]ut, that i^ nt t\w iM.tt.m. of tli- \„. ;i -haft, aii-l also hcl the wntcr-oonrso, is that so^ A. Yes. ow Q. I uin a-h there, but from that point down ore ean I.e tra.'ed. an.l the only diffieulty that I have at thi.s p,,int is to fix tlie limits to anv j-iven zone for the whole vein there, and the ditfieulty does not ari/e fr„in the hroken ijround or obscure pround, mixed up i-roiind just anmnd an.l west of tli.. l>.,re h.,le. ft arises fr.m. the ..r.. at 3s and 30, which lies further buck than the tooi wall shewn in the shaft. Xow the foot wall spoken ..f by Mr. Kin-, in thai y,.||ow eross-.'Ut, just to the east of the point you nam. , ay,iiI,| „ h„l,. in lb., zf.tie of the vein this body of ore that is seen at 38 and 4(', and li.at is s,i s,, far as I know at present, the only im[>.>rtant r.>a-un f.,r suppo-ini.' that that is a foot wall of the vein, but for that I would take a foot wall as quite sutti.-ient t.. satisfy all fiiet> observe.l that did not go so far below the l.iwer fl.M)r, the fi..or of Xo.3 siiaft, but finding another plane there, and findin" absolutely not merely .^..-called min- eralization of this and that ore, and other of an indefinite decree, but absolntelv solid pyrrhotite clear back to it, on., feels as if that must bo inclu.le.l in the vein; it is actually in contact with, and \vhother you woul.l call it a bo.ly stick- ing out in the country rock or whethei' you call it a part of the vein and say that plane that is bounded below is the ultimate plane, makes very little .infer- ence practically and \ have been willing to take on the whole .^f that plane as the ultimate foot wall in that sense, and taking that plane as the ultimate f..ot Avail and carrying ore from that solid mass in scattere.l streaks to this bn.ken country. T do find a connfi-tior- in vein matter to the 'r.ad of (he winze. 20 25 30 35 40 881 The Court; Th« ht-nd of tbo Iron Mnwk winze? A. The lieitil of the Troll ^fll^*k wiii/.f, ami it involve;* \w*t thi^ eoniHctiuii, involves an anionnt of Blight swell ill the ilowiiwaril eoiuve of the vein which is shewn on section A-H, II soetion which goes throuKli nt right angles tlu' very crosscut von are talking lll)OUt. (). Do yon know vvhnt the strike of the ort* is at the |iiace cnlleil the (hop "M" station 'M'. A. I il'i not; I liave not taken tluil. Q. I understood you to say yesterday. Doctor, that this was not 10 stratitieil roek, sedimentary strutitieation, and lliere was nothing in tiie vein it- self by whi(di you could distinguish one vein or one part of a vein from another so far as von observed, and in sp-'aking of the probabilities of ii certain body id' ore sav ulxive tin; innd-seani, liein;; connected with a body of ore iielow the iiiud- seain, it was jiractically reduced lo :i (|uestioii, based iiixm a niathc- I,') matical cah-ulntiou «i the chances of that lieing ditfereiit ore fi i tiie ore lielow it. Is that iti A. No chnnees of all po-^sible occurrences when vou are per- fectly ignorant whether there were any. As 1 said, we had a million lo one against any hypothesis that the parts coining together in that way and matehing ■would not be parts of the same oriainal body, lint 1 also stated that in the ease 20 that a vein went down accompanied iiy a dyke or intersected by a dyke, and the vein and the dyke were both faulted and then came fogcllier so as to match. one being a slip to the vein and the other a vertical sectiart of another vein. A. A part of one vein from a part of another? 80 Q. Well, I put it that way. I would say a body of ore- torrupting.) I only wanted to get your meaning. A. (In- Q. Take aiiv particular line, the line of the mud-seam as an illustration. 35 There is a body of ore above and a body of ore below. What 1 want to get at is this: Is there anything which catches the eye which conveys a conclusive presumption— if you'like to put it that way— that the body of ore below must belong to the body of ore above? A. i understand you. There is some- times,''in some instances; and in some instances there is not. There are several 40 places in this mine where the presumption is overwlulming tha^ it is the same; the thing matches seam by seam. There are other places where the presump- tion is still strong, but the mud-seam has parted, the two bodies being a greater thickness, for instance, at points :is and W in the roof, there is this body of ore 362 wliic'li is folded by the mud-scain, and it is two feet broader above the miul fault tliaii it is below. Xow, that shrinkage in its coming down, and narrowing above ■ or when it reaches the fault, the part that you see below is the to|) of the same trinngle, but it is not the top that you can put up to match, because there are two feet of the triangle gone in tiio mud-scani. Now, I regard that place, 5 though it does not match, as almost dead-sure proved that it did once match. There you have the top of the triangle, and the rest of tiu; triangTe above and you have a piece of the triangle gone by reason of the mud-seam, aiul that is the only resLson it does not fit. 10 Q. You have the top of the triangle, and then a couple of legs of (.lie tri- angle, and then the mud-seam cuts it off? A. Yes, but there is a mud-seam like that (illustrating on the blackboard). The place to which I refer to the mud-seam coming through is like that (illustrating). Now, thit being ]>ut on there, it does not fit; it is not so wide, but +he reason is that the mud-seam is too J5 thick; that is what you really have, and then you have that part shoved along 18 inches and you get it that way. (The witness accomjiauicd tliese remarks by drawing diagrams on the blackboard.) I call tiiat aluKisr, as good proof as the other, because it is so easily explained. . 20 Q. It is always, however, a question of fitting up phiues in the ore itselt to make the identity, is it not. Doctor? A. Yes, to [n'ovc the identity in that way. Q. I think you mentioned yesterday evidences of a great deal of move- ment in this Uod .Mountain? A. I did not say that; on the contrary, I liave "'' only one evidence of any considerable movement. Q. Y'ou have noticed the terraces as you look up the mountain? A. l-'roni this side? 30 Q. Yes. A. I could not tell what was natural and what was artificial from this side. Q. You are not clear then wlietlu;;' that represents the flat fault? A. I can not tell anything about it. • 35 Q. And vou have noticed tliat you see tiie same thing in the Cohuiibia i'nd Kootenay mountain? A. Which mountain is that? Q. The outside appearances, the visible out-side step faulting in the ter- races; haven't you noticed a difference in the mountains? A. Wiiicli moun- 40 tai.i are you referring to? Q. The Columbia and Ivootenay, and Red Mountain. .V. 1 dmi't know Mliicli the r'obiinbi.T ■.nu] K-ets very poor and you still have the adjoiuinu' i>huus you "•ar follow them. Q. But you left the iuiprcsion — perha]is 1 misuudei'stood you. That if once you j>'ot outside of ore that was commercially valuaiile, and 1 understood by that it must be of shipping value, it would vary at every point in the country, that when you got outside of that point, vou got outside of your vein? A. N'o. 35 40 Q. I knew yoii did not mc .n that. A. Xo, I was answering the ques- tion of the learnetl counsel on ! c other side. As I understood it it was, what yon were going to say about mir''"alization that goes beyond the point yo\i have :i(i7 fix('(l ii.H llif Willi, would yoii ■*i(k' of it, I liuvo n vein, ami then I timl iiiiiieralizatiuii t^niiifi intu the wall r ! ^^- 308 1 suspected that there was a very small rotary movement on the imulseam because 1 find at station 48 in the Centre Star tunnel Xo. 2 what looked like a normal fault, whereas either way in Xo. 3 incline at the bottom of tjio winze, it iinques- liimalily v.'c.s a reverse fault. I have been there several times to work it out, iuid I finallv made up my mind that it might be a reverse fa\ilt like the othei-s. 5 In either case, it would not have any special significance, therefore I did not worry about it, but it was a curiosity. Then I foiuul the fault away down in Xo. 1 south cross-cut and at raise No. 3, wliicli is very nearly iii tlie iiiiddh' of the hole; I could not make out that there had been much inovcment at all, so [ thought that therc^ might lie a pivot upon whicli there liaca- tions are so sn. ,11 that it makes no difFerence what they are; but that is what looks like a rotary fault, and to a "small extent a mere re-adjustment of the mass of the mountain. Excused. ANALYTICAL INDEX. CLARENCE KING: Qualiticatiou as Expert General description of Rossland Cainn General description of veins in Rossland Camp Definition of shear-zone veins Rossland vpItis are reiilaoonifnt veins AValls in shear-zone veins West ore liodv not claimed Ixcr.iNK 81 [A FT No. 3 : Ore Vein Walls Minrndiziition of couiitr; A'ein tillinu' I^ip Strike Width of vein Paf-e. 3-G (1-10 10 11 -[■> Di 14 15.31 l(i.2'J 16 17 IS 1!) m 21 Samples of ore 22-28 GuKKX DuiiT : Vein Ore Walls .... Sampl es 29 30.33 30 31-33 ANALYTICAL INDHX.— Cuntiimed. KING — (Direct Lxainination Contiiuu'd): Centkk Staii Winzk : Vein ;]4 Ore. ?,:, "Width of ore :ir> Walls :'.-. Dvkc in winzo .'!il Relative ages of mud-spam and veins ■"><'> Sani])les ^IT Bk.)\vn Dimft : Vein oS Ore no Walls ;5!t Samiilc 41 Oi'TCKor 4'2-l4 Sampleis 4.">-4t! AVidth 4(1 No. 2 Kaisk: Vein 40 Dip and strike 40 Yki.low Lkvkl : Vein ; . 47 No. 2 Shaft : Vein 48 Intrusive rock 48-51 Continuity of ore 52 Flat Fault: Dip and strike 52 Places examined 5:5 At Station 47 (where it meets compound dyke) 54 AXAhVTICAl, INDKX— Coiitinucl, KING— (Direct K xuniiiiatioii Coiitiinicd.) Flat Faii.t— {('oiitiiuiefl): Pa^e. At 10 feet west of Sliitii.n 4t; At Stiitioii 1(14 I)( scnpiKni At Iron M At Stiitidii Effect ..n Ii At Cross-ci At Xo. 3 n At Stiitidii At Stiitinn At liiitt Olll At Xo. 2 At hiittmn Dvkc ill (' llf 11111(1- -(■a 111 'j> 'Ill ■rnllv ask wifizc 4s .... I'on ^fnsk vein . . It \o. 1 lisc .... 47 :?0 of Xo. .". sliaft . of ('. S. • u-inze . S. winze ■ )S 57. .iS r.i *;-2 fi.T )u; r.s (]s-7 i.j-/;i No. 4K.\rsi.: Or 60 IXTKliSKCTION 111' \'kIN> 111 T. :M. drift 00. Two veins iiie in independent fissures with widely separated 7.)-7i» orimii Explanation nf work to lie done at ( ". S. winze iTiterseetioii in lilne level (71) In 1. M. east drift Oi)inion as to displaeenient Condition at liottoin of Xo. :] shaft Foot .f ( \ S. vein in vellow lev( 80 80 84. s.^) 86 87-01 88-it No. 1 C Koss-crr Vein. 83 ANALYTICAL INIU'X — ('...itiiuicd. KING— (Ooiitinncd): GeNBHAI, f'oNCI.ISIoNS : OlIK AMI VKIN IN I. M. WINZK No. 2 !»|-'.l!l Cross-Examination. VKiNat I..M. WINZK Xo. 2, 103 Intkuskctkin (;!•" Vkins: Means of (leteriniiiiiifj 104 Necessity lor fiirtlicr work 1(I1-1J2 FoOT-WAl.l, NKAK GO Vj. ItKllT 108 Effect of distikuki) countky at kook " M " 109-10 SEORKOATIOX Ol' MINKIiAI.S IIIOM MASS 114 Junction OF VKINS IN I. M. winzk, station IG 115 DkVKI.OTMKNT WOKK at I'OOT of \o. ;> INCI.INK IIS CONCKI'TION OF VKIN WIIKN MINKltAI. ACTS FIKST DRAWN . . 122 Shear zonks 125.1.S8 InFKUKNCKS AS TO FOWMATION OF VKINS IIKUK .. .. .. ^. ,. ll'.'-l'i Walks TO shkak ZONK l'27-O Latkkai. skcuktion TiiKoitv ];>0-l;]0 Stki' fai'i.tino 139 No. o faim.t (vertif .■'* 141 P^FFKCT of FAUI.TIN. on I'UKVIOFS VKIN FIsst'KKS 142-S GEOLO(iI('AL A(iK OF lUFFKKKNT VKINS 144 Ll.MITS OF SHEAR ZONK 144-140 DlV OF VAItlOLS VKINS 147 Intruhivk rock and mannku of work in No. 2 inci.ink.. Ml). 157 Ork in ri'iiAisK 4 loO C. S. WINZK 151 FrACTURKS CRKATKD 1!Y SIIKARlNCi (iKNKUAI.I.Y 153-5 Flat fault disflackmknt at " X " 155 Meanino of country rock in his k\idi:\ck 156 Description ok No. 4 dyke 157 Outcrop 158 ANAI-YTI(>'AI- INDKX.— (•..ntiiiu-, KING— ('<*»tinnpil. Re-Examination. Atthition Mass in i i,.\t iaii.t AhlHTIHNAI. WiiKK AT No. "J \V|N/.K HuWK's Al'riKAVITS Okk C)iit( ('. S. vein SI icill'-'oiic vein- Cduntrv ruck iiiid vein tilling.' in ^ri'"- 1 in <|iirtiniicHi. ragf. GltKKN DitiiT : 'S'cin 1 s2 ^\a\h is:? C. S. WiNZic: Ore 1S4 Walls ISt Vein 1 is -i Dyke 185 No. 2 1{.MSK : Vein 101 Chaiitt'o in dip I'll No. 4 KAISK i92 Fi..\T Fati.t : Genkrai. nEsruii'Tiox 19S-200 Dip and strike 102 Places seen , 1 04 At point "X" 104-'i At Station 40 196 At Station 104 107 At I. M. ^v^nzo 197 TJcvcr.^^o fault on nmd-seam 200 At No. 1 cross-cnt 203 At No. 2 incline 205 At No. 4 raise 205 At No. 2 raise 200 At Station 48 207 At No. .3 raise 207 ANALYTICAL INDEX.— Contimie At Mue level 223-224 Westerly ore body • • • • 225 Iron Mask Winze : I. M. vein in winze 227 C. S. vein in winze 228 Point of intersection 229 C. S. Winze : New work done there -^^ General summing up 231-235 Description of veins 232-3 Intersections -'"^ Flat fault 234-5 \ ANALYTICAL INDEX.— Continued. LINDGREN— Continued. Cross-Examination. Page. Chakactekistics nv ork in I. M. & C. S. veins 230-7 Intersections at crossing ok planes only 238-241 Intersection in I. M. tpi-er drift ore op hoth veins will oooN 241-242 No. 3 Incline : Walls 243 No. 2 Incline : Ore occurrence here and at No. 2 and No. 4 raise 244-L' 19 Classification of country rock 250-1 Grass Valley rocks 251 Effect of alkaline solutions and circulation on uround mass 252-5 Pyrrhotite an original constituent of rocks 255 Quotations from nis writings 255-261 Shear-Zone Veins : Limits of zone 263-27C "Width of fissures 2^3 Alteration of rock between planes 264 Limits of shear-zone vein 2G5 AVidest portion of vein 208-9 War Eagle r,.ise 260 Silver King vein, Calico district, Waterloo vs. Doe 274-277 Outcrop : Continuity of ore 278-282 Movement on flat fault 282-4 Intrusive rook in No. 2 incline 284 Dykes 285 > AN'ALYTICAl, IN'DKX.-Cnntinuc.l. LINDGREN (('ross-Exuiiiiiiiitiou Continued) : Pafje. DlSl'LACKMICNT OK VKINS . . . ,„„ Jntt VKUTICAf, CAI.CITK SKAMS NKAK l-I.AT I'AIT/r -'ST-.S Dll' OK VKIN IN No. 4 l-l'HAISK .,^,, Re-Direct Examination: ryrrliolit(> ill (iriis> Villi, v .„ Fahlhands , Miiioniliziition of Calico (listiict zoiif .),,., ROSSITER W. RAYMOND. Direct Examination : tiUALIKICATION . . . , ,,,_ 'J5)o-() Dkhcku'tion ok his moi.ki ''98-300 Descuiption ok C. S. vkin .^„q_j ^"^'^^'^'"^'""^ ^02-305-306 In I. M. easit drift ., ,, ■)().'j In I. y[. drift O!) „^ I/iT. M. IdiiHevcl .,f,_^ liliOiVN CKOSS-Ct-T . . . .,A- oOil ^''■■''' ''■^^'■'•' 307 l''-'^^'^'^ ^"'" ;508-310 ivstabli^iios piano I'f ('. S. vein oii Effect of on continuity of ore ol-'-HlT) Has not faulted dylvcs ;32-> Effect on ore oo-j DkSCRII'TION I,AI!(iK HYKK 317 Its effect on vein o-. q AVosterly ore body ijlrt ) A- ANALYTICAL INDEX.— Continued. RAYMOND— Continued. Page. No. 4 Ui'RAlsK : Voin in ;;in No. 2 Inclink : Voin in 319 Intrusive mok in ,320 CiKNKKAl, DKSClUi'TION C. S. VKIN 323-325 I{('l)inccnient voin 'i-2')-'A2~-ii Quotations kkom authokitiks 327 Latkkai, skckktion tfikouy 32.'). 343-345 ClAHSIKICATION ok C'OrNTKV KdCK 3,39 Maximum wiuth ('. 8. VKIN 340 Examination C. S. winzk anu adkitionai. won a tiikuk . . . . 341 Cross-Examination : Gkneral minekalization ok kock mass ani> in ukovvn ckoss-cut 346-348 Width ok C. S. vkin 348 Green dkikt, ore in 349 Width OK SHEAR ZONK AND ITS houndahies 350 Quotation krom introduction to Frosepnv's wokk 353 Description original fissure veins . 353 Theory in eureka case 353-4 Boundaries of C. S. vein 355-358 Other veins in vicinity 358 C. S. vein in cross-cut 359 Ore at door " M." 360 Similarity of ore in both veins 361-2 Step faulting in vicinity 862 Movement on no. 4 fault 368 Course of veins after leaving intersection in I.M. east drift 365 Re-Direct Examination 366