1^ 
 
 '> 
 
 
 /;■'>%* 
 
 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 1.0 
 
 I.I 
 
 1 111 
 
 m 
 
 ^ Lo |2.0 
 
 Ui& 
 
 
 Pi^U4 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 6" 
 
 ► 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sdences 
 
 Corporation 
 
 if 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14SS0 
 
 (716)872-4303 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 '^>' 
 
 '4^ 
 
CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHIVI/ICIVIH 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 -M. ' ■ ■ ■■■-■■ '----.:-_■', 
 
 Canadian institute for Historical IMicroreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 
 
Tschnical and Bibliographic Notas/Notaa tachniquaa at bfbliographiquaa 
 
 Th 
 to 
 
 Tha Inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat 
 original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia 
 copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua. 
 which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha 
 raproduction. or which may aignificantly changa 
 tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chaclcad balow. 
 
 L'Inatitut a microfilm* la maillaur axamplaira 
 qu'il lui a iti poaaibia da aa procurar. Las details 
 da cat axamplaira qui sont paut-Atra uniquas du 
 point da vua bibliographiqua, qui pauvant modifiar 
 una imaga raproduita, ou qui pauvant axigar una 
 modification dans la mithoda normala da filmaga 
 aont indiquAa ci-daasous. 
 
 Th 
 po 
 of 
 fill 
 
 □ Coiourad covars/ 
 Couvartura da coulaur 
 
 I I Covara damagad/ 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 Couvartura andommagte 
 
 Covars rastorad and/or iaminatad/ 
 Couvartura raataurAa at/ou palliculAa 
 
 r~~| Covar titia miasing/ 
 
 La titra da couvartura manqua 
 
 I I Coiourad maps/ 
 
 Cartas gtegraphiquas an coulaur 
 
 Coiourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ 
 Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) 
 
 |~~| Coiourad plataa and/or illuatrationa/ 
 
 D 
 
 Planchaa at/ou illuatrationa an coulaur 
 
 Bound with othar matarial/ 
 RalM avac d'autraa documonts 
 
 Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion 
 along intarior margin/ 
 
 Lareliura sarrie paut cauaar da I'ombra ou da la 
 diatortion la long da la marga intiriaura 
 
 Blank laavas addad during rastoration may 
 appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar possibla. thasa 
 hava baan omittad from filming/ 
 II sa paut qua cartainas pagas blanchas ajouttes 
 lors d'una raatauration apparaissant dans la taxta, 
 maia, lorsqua cala itait poaaibia, caa pagaa n'ont 
 pas it* filmAaa. 
 
 Additional commants:/ 
 Commantairas supplimantairas: 
 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 
 □ 
 
 D 
 □ 
 D 
 D 
 
 Coiourad pagas/ " -iiy 
 
 Pagaa da coulaur 
 
 Pagaa damagad/ 
 Pagas andommagias 
 
 Pagas rastorad and/or Iaminatad/ 
 Pagas rastaurias at/ou palliculias 
 
 Pagas discoloured, stainad or foxad/ 
 Pagas d6colorias. tachatias ou piquies 
 
 Pagas cSatachad/ 
 Pagas ditac hies 
 
 Showthrough/ 
 Transparence 
 
 Quality of print varies/ 
 Qu&'.iti indgaia da I'imprassion 
 
 Includes supplementary material/ 
 Comprend du material supplimentaire 
 
 Only edition available/ 
 Seule Edition disponible 
 
 Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata 
 slips, tissues, etc.. have been refilmed to 
 ensure the best possible image/ 
 Les pages totaiement ou partiellement 
 obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata. une pelure, 
 etc., ont M filmtos A nouveau da fa^on A 
 obtenir la meilleure image possible. 
 
 Or 
 be 
 th( 
 
 Si( 
 
 ot 
 fir 
 sk 
 or 
 
 Th 
 shi 
 TH 
 w» 
 
 Ml 
 dif 
 en' 
 be 
 rig 
 rec 
 mt 
 
 This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 
 Ce document est film* au taux da rMuction indiquA ci-daasous. 
 
 10X 14X 
 
 IDA 
 
 «A 
 
 MA 
 
 aox 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12X 
 
 16X 
 
 •PWy 
 
 24X 
 
 28X 
 
 32X 
 
Th« copy fllmad h«r« hm bMn r«produe«d thanks 
 to tho gonorosity of: 
 
 Harold CampMI Vaughm MMnorial Ubrary 
 Acadia Univanlty 
 
 L'oxompioiro filmA fut roproduit grieo i la 
 O^ArotM da: 
 
 Harold Campball Vaughan Mamorial Library 
 Aeadia Univanlty 
 
 Tho imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality 
 posalbia conaldaring tha condition and lagibility 
 off tha original copy and in kaaplng with tha 
 filming contract spacifficationa. 
 
 Original copias in printad papar covara ara ffilmad 
 baginning with tha front covar and anding on 
 tha last paga with a printad or illustratad impras- 
 sion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All 
 othar original copias ara ffilmad baginning on tha 
 first paga wKh a printad or illuatratad Impras- 
 sion, and anding on tha last paga with a printad 
 or illustratad imprassion. 
 
 Tha last recordad frama on aach microficha 
 shall contain tha symbol -^ (moaning "CON- 
 TINUED"), or tha symbol V (moaning "END"), 
 whichavar applias. 
 
 Las imagaa suivantas ont 4t* raproduitas avac la 
 plus grand s?ln, compta tanu da la condition at 
 da la nattat* da I'axamplaira film*, at an 
 conformity avac laa condltiona du contrat da 
 fllmaga. 
 
 Las axamplalras origlnaux dont la couvartura an 
 papiar ast imprlmte sont filmte an commandant 
 par la pramlar plat at an tarminant soit par la 
 darnlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta 
 d'Imprassion ou d'illustration, sdt par la sacond 
 plat, salon la cas. Toua laa autraa axamplairaa 
 origlnaux aont ffllmte an commandant par la 
 pramlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta 
 d'Imprassion ou d'illustration at an tarminant par 
 la darniira paga qui comporta una talla 
 amprainta. 
 
 Un das symboias suh/ants apparaftra sur la 
 darnlAra imaga da chaqua microfficha, salon la 
 cas: la symbda -^ signiffia "A SUIVRE", la 
 aymbola ▼ signiffia "FIN". 
 
 Maps, platas, charts, ate, may ba ffilmad at 
 diffffarant raduction ratios. Thosa too larga to ba 
 antiraly included in ona axposura ara ffilmad 
 baginning in tha uppar lafft hand cornar, lafft to 
 right and top to bottom, as many fframaa as 
 requirad. Tha ffollowing diagrams illustrata tha 
 method: 
 
 Las cartas, planchas, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre 
 ffilmte A dee taux da reduction dIffArants. 
 Lorsqua ie document eat trap grand pour Atra 
 roproduit en un seul cilch*, 11 est ffilm* i pertir 
 do I'angle supArieur gauche, do gauche A droite, 
 et do haut en bas, en prenant la nombra 
 d'imagas nteessaire. Les diagrammas suivants 
 illustrant la mAthoda. 
 
 1 2 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
i:t" 
 
 ;■.^^l■ 
 
 ■t 
 
 < 
 
 % 
 
 \j 
 
 *%? 
 
 
 THE LATE SESSION 
 
 OF 
 
 '^sts sp]B<DTirsr<DaiiiL ^inaniiii^iBiffi^ 
 
 OF 
 
 XiOM^EB CANADA, 
 
 BY 
 AN OLD CO'INTRYMABT. 
 
 "iThU is certain— the House of Assembly 
 passed these Bills — the House did all that they 
 cunld ; they Tailed after they left the House ; 
 they were either not taken into considnraiion 
 by the Council at the lime of the ;iromgation, 
 or they were rejected by the Council, by that 
 Legislative Council in which £xe£u(ire Coun- 
 ciIlo«s take a leading and infliienlial part. What 
 must wo then ca'l that allegation which attri- 
 butes the {080 of these Bills to the House ?'' — 
 ^cttson's Qufbfc GuttUt, March 1837. 
 
 " We c^n, and do say, that the House of 
 > ssembly performed their duty, and that all 
 their zeal and diligence have been frustrated; 
 and we do further say, that it was the moat ex- 
 
 travagant and desperate iajuitiee.to attributa 
 the loss of these measures to the Assembly;" — 
 lb. 
 
 " If any body of Legislators were to reject 
 measures beneficial to the country, not because 
 they did not feel and understand that they 
 would be beneficial—but because it was con- 
 sidered desirable to punish the country— they 
 would, by ecting on such motives, be turning 
 against the country the power with which they 
 were vested, for its benefit. They would be 
 unfit for their trust ani ougUto 6e atript of it. 
 They would be public enemies, and ihotUd ht 
 disabled from perptlraling publie miscAie/."— 16. 
 
 MONTRBAIi, Ii. C. 
 
 APRIL, 1836. 
 
 '■\if-n..: 
 
M 
 
 
 * •/. 
 
 ? 
 
 
 
 :1» 
 
 <ti, . , 
 
 **" ., 
 
 >'' 
 
 • ' « 
 
 ■ ( 
 
 
 » ♦ 
 
 
 '1 t''S " 
 
iWP i w ill 
 
 ■ W 
 
 .^A 
 
 
 
 
 . >• v -. • -.*''•»' 
 
 PROVINCIAL PARLIAMENT, 
 
 
 .1 ■'.•.•, .'. ij^^-J'iii 
 
 ■ . /'. -v; '-tj, ■'.>' 1, .Wl '.-^^i^'j'* Viit 
 
 SESSTOA* 1835—36. U;:iC ^^■^■:^:'^^Vr«,^»..( 
 
 '\^ 
 
 ir/'ij;?il/ 
 
 The nMtton of Doctor 0*C<vllaoban to 
 print and publish, Tor lh« inforinalion of tho 
 ^ood people of this Province, a liat specifyini; 
 the nnniber of Bills paased by their Reprusen- 
 tatives during the last session of the Provincial 
 Le|(islature, «od rejected by the Legis- 
 lative Cntincil, or amended by that body, in 
 such a manneras to cause their ultimate loAs; 
 also, the Bills which originated in the. Lejsris< 
 lative Council, and were sent dawn to the As- 
 sembly, caused po little sensation in the Lite 
 Legislative Wigwam. Already, two ^emi-of- 
 fiuial articles in defence of " the much abused 
 and calumniatedLegiRlativeCouncil,"have been 
 sent forth to the public, in the desperate expec- 
 tation by taking the field thus esriy, of 
 shielding thst Council from the eonocqiicnces 
 of their evil deeds. An attempt to scrub a black • 
 nmoor white wouM be as successful. 
 
 But it h not with the weapons of invpc- 
 live that we wish tcf combat. We shall con- 
 fine ourstelves to Tacts. 
 
 In the appendix to this pampliUt will 
 be found a Statement of the Bills introduc- 
 ed and passed by the Floiise of Asnemhly dur-; 
 ing the last session of the Provincial Porlia- 
 mbnt, and *cnt up to the Council, and which 
 were not returned, or which were amrnded by 
 that body so as to cause their ultimate loss. It 
 appears by the Recapitulation annexed thereto, 
 that in 109 sitting days one hundred md tevtn- 
 l««ti Bills were intred>u:ed into the Assembly, 
 and that six were received from the Legislative 
 Council, making 123 in all. 
 
 There were besides" 15 Permanent "ommit- 
 tees appointed which made 68 Reports, a 'd 111 
 special committees which made 104 Rkpo. ta. 
 
 Thus far, the session was one of unexamrled' 
 lauor SDu inuUairy on the pari of a Body, «>i 
 which, on an average, there were not often 
 moro than 60 members in attendance. 
 
 In an Assembly snch as ours where the Re 
 presentaiives are closely connected with their 
 respective constituencies, living for the most 
 part among them, ond intimately acquainted 
 with their wants, it is to be presumed that by 
 far the ereater number of the Bills which pas- 
 sed the Assembly were required by the coun- 
 try. Yet what has been their fate 7 
 
 Of 107 Bills sent up to the Council, 34, or 
 nearly one third, of the whole, have never been 
 heard of) and 15 have been so amended as 
 to be rendered utterly useless.if not worse than 
 useless. Thus tiearly one AAl/of the work of a 
 session of five months continuance has been en- 
 tirely destroyed, and the great expense of mon- 
 ey and time which has been incurred by a pro- 
 tracted session, rendered utterly firuitless, by 
 what has now become a systematic rejection 
 of measures required for the public benefit. 
 
 If, on the othe^ hand,we exotnine the labours 
 of the Legislative Council, what is the moat 
 startling feature that strikes us 7 In a session 
 of one *i(n({re<l and /or/y seven days, that body 
 produced *ix Bills.! one of which was to amend 
 the road act, and the othjsr — worthy oflRtpring of 
 Buch a parent !— to repress Charivttris ! ! > 
 
 It is true that during this period they were 
 not idle ; they were busy destroying nearly one 
 half of the Bills which the people's representa- 
 tions hsd previously passed; thus, in the words 
 of Neilson's Gazette in 1827 " (urnipg against 
 " the country the power with^whicb they we.e 
 •' invested for its br.nefit." Thus aflfording an 
 incontestible proof of unfitness' for their trust, 
 and how strong is the necessity virhich «x ists of 
 -stripping them of their power and " disabling 
 them, as we would public oaemies, ^om '^ pe r» 
 petra ting public mischief." ■> " 'T".;/., . 
 
 The raott of the Bills thus crushed and anni 
 hilated br our irresponsible JooornNAUr con ■ 
 ceroed closely, we mi^ht add,viuJiy, the publi ; 
 
 ■..\ • 
 
,4< 
 
 \ , 
 
 inteniti and proaperily or the ^ ovirce — the 
 libertiM and Mfety of its inhabitanln. There 
 waa the Quarantine Bill, to prevent plugue and 
 peetilence from mowing the people down by 
 tent oi'thouiande : the Jury Bill.to prevent their 
 livea and libertiea being aacriiiued by corrupt 
 Sherifla,dependant for their exiatence on a more 
 corrupt Elxecutive, and the ^geni'aBill to afibrd ' 
 them acme chance of eacaping the tniaeriea at- 
 tendant on foreign legialation. There werc<Are< 
 Billa to diminiah law ezpenaea, and to enable 
 the people at a email price, to know what ia the 
 Law of the land : a Bill for the relief of Inaol- 
 venta, and another to prevent fraudulent mort- 
 gagee : there were (Arte Billa to extend and 
 c<yttinue our Municipal Laws, in conformiiy 
 vlth the apJrit which ia guiding Hia Majeaty'a 
 Councila in England, and which haa been rx- 
 presaed and recommended even in hia Majea- 
 ty'e late Speech from the Throne; and another, 
 to give to Pia Majeaty'a Subjecta inhabiting the 
 Pariah and Tewnabips in the Country parts of 
 this Province, the power to manage their local 
 concerna, on a similar principle to that which 
 prevails in the neighbouring Province of Upper 
 Canada : there were ihrtt Bills to finish public 
 improveroents already commenced, and in an 
 advanced state towards connpletion. Theao 
 were, first, the Bill to complete the Chambly 
 Canal, oa which work ig66,C00 have alreody 
 been expended and aunk, and which undeitak- 
 . ing, instead of being a national honor, haa been 
 converted into a monument of disgrace to the 
 Legialative Council,- the creature and impotent 
 acreen of a Government hostile to the improve- 
 ment of the Province — 2d. the Bill to complete 
 the Montreal Harbour improvement, and 3d. 
 the Bill to construct a Lock at St. Ours, for the 
 purpose of rendering the River Chambly nav. 
 igable, during the whole of the summer sea. 
 mn : there wsa the Eill to indemnify the Gov- 
 ernor for advances made on the faith of the 
 House of Assembly, another to enable the Gov- 
 ernment to pay the public officers a part of their 
 aaUries, without having recourse to robbery 
 and spoliation of the public treasure : and 
 though last, not least, there were (too Bills to 
 promote the Education of the rising genera- 
 tion by the rejection of which, neariy 1500 
 aboida will be abut up on the 1 SthMay & nearly 
 40,000 little children of both sexes turned loose 
 on the roadside, deprived of the opportunity of 
 completing their studies, and exposed to the 
 
 danger of lesiug in idleness, if not in vice, the 
 
 fruits of years of patient and praiseworthy in. 
 dustry and application. 
 
 We mif;ht add to this frightful cat-ilogne, 
 other measures of public utility which have 
 been destroyed by oor taak-masters, but onr 
 stotnacli rises as we proceed. We aee before 
 ua only additional proufa of the bilui hatred 
 that Council rntertaina againat the people,over 
 whom an angry providence has placed them in 
 authority. Every wliero is apparent the safety of 
 the people jeopardized — their liberties curtsil* 
 ed and endangered— the advancement of the 
 Country obatructed — the education of ita inhab- 
 itants impeded and arrested, and the 
 public property exposed to that same system of 
 .mismanagement and pillage to which, like a 
 sacked city, it has been delivered ever since (he 
 annexation of the Province to the British 
 Crown. Every item in the black list only 
 strengthona the conviction that the Lcgislati/e 
 Council of Lower Canada,<n the words of John. 
 NEiL8o.<«,1827,hRve "turned against the country 
 the power with which they were inveated for i te 
 b«npfil" — that "they are unfit for their truat 
 ond ought to be stripped of il"-vthat thry aro 
 " pi;' lie encmiea and ought to bo disabled from 
 perpetrating public mischief." 
 
 The principal defence whicUthe apologists uf 
 " the muth abused and calumniated Legislative 
 Council" make to the charge of ayateniatic rc- 
 jecliuO' by that body of (he numerous bills re- 
 ceived from the Assembly — is " the lateness 
 ofihe aeaaon at which they have been sent.up." 
 
 This defence is but a repetition of what hs9 
 already been said, a thousand times, on behalf 
 of those abusers of public patience. On exami- 
 nation it will be found ''saiitute of ail founda- 
 tion. 
 
 Of the tAirfy /our Bills sent np to the Coun- 
 cil and put by that body,under the table, with- 
 out being returned to the Assembly, the great- 
 er number were communicated to the Council 
 before the month of March. Seven of them 
 were sent up in the month of Novem- 
 ber 3, m December, 5 in January, 4 in 
 Feb. Of the remainder, 12 were passed 
 by the Assembly previous to the lOlh March. 
 
 Now if " the lateness of the season at which 
 they were sent up" caused the loss of so many 
 Bills, how came it, we ask, that the Legislative 
 Council rejected those which were communica- 
 ted to them, in the months of Novembei*! 
 December, January and February 7 The 
 lateness of tho season at which theio 
 
 tr 
 
 " 
 
 %.'ji. 
 
JX 
 
 
 i 
 
 wore aent up could not have been Ike 
 cauie. They ^uruly were *ent up euly enough. 
 Bi^fute uiaking lliu tktfence for " the much 
 abuiicd and calumniated Council," the n|)olngi(iia 
 ui'that iKxIy ouglil to have firit Dnquired wliHlher 
 it could be supported even by the proceedings of 
 iho parly whom defiince ttwy are rngageil to 
 vanke. To prove ibat the " latenemi of Iho »ea> 
 aoit' at which the Asaenilily aent up those Bills, 
 has alone produced all the mischief of which the 
 country has to complain, it ought to bo shewn 
 thot it prevented th<) Council altogether from pro- 
 ceeding upon, and disposing of, any of the Bills 
 which were sent up so '* late in the season." If 
 this could be proved, then, indeed, thu Assembly 
 would have much to answer for. But so far ftom 
 this boing'the case, the Council, as can he con- 
 clusively shewn by statement dr:iwn up 
 from authentic papc.s, positively considered, 
 and disiKised of in one wsy or thu other, 
 bII the Bills, that were sent up so" lale in the 
 seaeon." 
 
 The plea, then, that " the lateness of the sea- 
 eon at which Ihe Assembly sent up its Bills," was 
 the cause that so many failed to become Law, is 
 utterly devoid of all f>undation on fact. 
 The Council were never more actively em- 
 ployed than in the last 13 days of the sesvion, 
 in (heir work of destruction and mischief " The 
 laleneM of the season" is put forth merely to blind 
 the public, but cannot stand the test ofdissection. 
 or the Bill* sent up in the last 12 days, they con- 
 trived though " late the season" to " tomahawk" 
 21, which is equal to nearly TO per cent. If the 
 almost incalculable amount cf mischief which 
 they committed in the preced ' r months at their 
 leisure, be added to this, the {.l!;!<c will have the 
 means of forming some idea of t ie extent of e- 
 vil which the LEatsr.ATiVE Council of Lowsr 
 Canada has perpetrated during tue late Ses- 
 
 ■lONOF THE PROriNaAL PaRM«MENT. 
 
 Atn.^yf^ ahall now proceed to examine seriatim the 
 severalBills which have been desi roycd by I heConn- 
 cil, and enter into such detailisBs will, we hope, 
 enable the public to judge impartially, between 
 their respimsible Representatives and their tVre^- 
 ponaible Life Legislators. 
 
 1. The Agent's Bill.— This Bill has been 
 regularly introduced and passed by the Assembly 
 every year, almost for the last thirty years, and 
 as regularly thrown out by the Council. 
 
 The Imperial Parliament of Great Britain and 
 Ireland, 3,000 miles distant, in which the people 
 of this Province are not, and cannot be represent- 
 ed, has most unconstitutionally taken upon itself 
 to legislate on the internal affairs of this Province 
 
 — lo dispose of our property whhout oar content 
 —to pl!\y the same game here that it ploye«l iiv 
 the old British Colonies, and which lerminuted 
 by the glorious Revolution of 177G. 
 
 We shall cite a few examples of this unconsti- 
 tutional legi«lation. During, or previous lo the 
 last war, the Huu!<e of Asminbly generously im- 
 posed temporary taxes on tiio people, in order to 
 assist Great Britain to n pel llio American Army, 
 and lo ))re8erve a renting place on this continent. 
 AOer Ihe conclusion of the war, what did Great ° 
 Britain do in rLlurh for this art of generosity on 
 the part of the Canadians 7 By an Act of the 
 lirtfierial Parliament (the Canada Trade Act) she 
 unconstilutionuUy and ungratefully rendered those 
 temporary taxes permanent, in violation nf Iho 
 rights of the subject and ofhrrown Declaratory 
 Act, wherein she solemnly promised that she 
 would not impose toxes on Colonies having Re- 
 presentative Assemblies. ^ - . 
 
 Again, in 1825 she threw into confusion the 
 Civil Law regulating the Tenure of property in 
 this Province, and passed an act introducing the ' 
 English Civil Law among us, together "with all 
 its iuridents," as Judge Qai.e said— sucb as the 
 law of primogenitut'e and cntoil, by which the 
 eldest son is enabled lo rob all his younger bro- 
 thers ofall share of their patrimony— and the Eng- 
 lish mode of conveyancing, by which a deed which 
 formerly could be had for 7s. Cd. is made to cost 
 - five guineas, which John Keilson said in 
 18-J8, " is more than the lot of land is worth." 
 The following is the account of the efTects of this 
 British Act on property in this Province, as 
 giver, by this same Mr. Nelson, in his evidence 
 bet'ure the Committee of the House of Commons 
 in 1828. 
 
 " It is declared (by the Tenures Act) that fVom 
 1774 down lo the present time, the laws of Eng- 
 land regulate the whole property in the Town- 
 ships. Now every man has divided that property 
 according to the laws of Canatla. I myself trust- 
 ed persona upon the faith of their being posses- 
 sors of land in that country under the Inwu of Ca- 
 nada; but it appears now that according to the 
 Englisli Law it vas the eldest ton that had all, 
 and they nothing.being younger sons, and / have 
 no security for my moneyl" 
 
 " Men that thought themselves 
 
 the owners of land in that country (the Town- 
 shipq) are no longer owners of it, and it would be 
 difficult to tell vyhu are the owners of it." 
 
 Such are a few of the consequences which have 
 rcflultcd from the unconstitutional legislation of 
 Great Britain in our internal sfTairs. Titles to 
 property jfopardizeJ — creditors robbed — and the 
 younger children beggared. 
 
 But even this is not all. in the year 1834 the 
 
 . I 
 
 f^i 
 
 r:p 
 
 , t. 
 
 
 v 
 
 
6 
 
 i 
 
 BilUtb PftrliaiMNil ptMfd aiMlhrr Ad hj whldr 
 iwarljp • Billion Kcm of our land waa aonTryfU 
 awnv, for neit t<^ nothing, lo a company orfi>> 
 rcijja a|wculatnn, ami atock-Jobbing hiarkiffa, 
 miMl of whoin^iMTBT aaw this country. By maana 
 nflhia law, the pmtluce or Iba labour oflho peo> 
 |)le or the Province in tpnt to Cnglanil,' to tta iip<*nt 
 in riot anil luxury, and a ftind ia aatibliabrd lo 
 |)lace the local ExpcuUvo, and Iba uffice-boldera 
 of the Province, beyond the control, and indepen> 
 dont of our Re|ire«onUtivea. I'he Govcrnor'a 
 ipecch at Ibe cIom of the laat acasion of Parlla- 
 mrnt provea thia. " I ahall le undrr the newiai- 
 ly," aaya Lord GosfxinD, '* of applying the reve- 
 nufa at the diii|ioaal of the Crowu, (|hat ia, tb« 
 Land Company money, and the Land and Tim- 
 hrr fund,} lo the payment of the office- holdera* 
 aalarira" — thua dvatroying all Conatitutional con> 
 Irol of the CouMONa of the country over publio 
 aervantfl I 
 
 To protect the people of ihhi Province ngaintt 
 fbrrign legi«la(iun, of the miocriea of wliiuh we 
 havn given aluive a few ramplra, nitr Rrprpientn- 
 tivra in the HouMeof AastrnMy r«>«olvFd, in imi- 
 tation of the other Rrltiah Colonica, on having an 
 AgrnI in Cnsland to watch nvrr our libortiea, and 
 to prevent (hem bcinir drairoyed by fiiitiah Acta 
 of Pnrliament. The following ia Mr. John Nfil- 
 snN'a opinion on the unljort: [ri'rfe hit evidence 
 before the Committee of the Iluiue of Commona 
 .1898] 
 
 " The PaMmment ha* rcaervrd to Itself the 
 right of n irulnting our Trade, and in fact it is iha 
 Hupn^me Lps(islatnre of the Empire, and wehavo 
 fiiund bvex(«rirnce that it has oceaHionally made 
 litwH that nflect ua. Now, wc think, that a» vie 
 have no repreicnlafion here [in Englandjl wuuld 
 be conducive lo the welfare of the Colony, and 
 
 Eniliably to a lietter utidoralanding of what, is done 
 ere, if there were a person resident here that 
 might attend to those mattcrM. It may hap|ien, 
 ^that there are abnsaa in the Colony, conrt«rning 
 which it may be necessary ti> apprite Ihti Gove rn- 
 ment tiare; now if there are aliuscs it would tie 
 better that there <^ hould lie .aome jiersniis authort- 
 aedliy theCobnj,, and rpca;;nizru by tbe Gov- 
 ernment, to make representations to the Govern- 
 ment so that the matter may lie quietly exami- 
 ned into and a<IJusted; any alms* a of Govern- 
 ment, thi-re may !« put an <n I to by inatruciioaa 
 to Governora. A n Ageot Would .be . able to mak^ 
 the Colony underatoodTto the Oavaritinent oftbla 
 country iu aome measure, and the Qovernment of 
 thiacounlry belter understood ta. I^a CplMjS he- 
 aidea attending to the buaineas before Paniainent. 
 
 "I U'lieve that Nova-Scotia haa 
 
 had Ai^iits, New Brunswick hiaa an A^ent, Ja- 
 nMlfc* has an Agent ; we have anplieil nnce 1807 
 for an Agent, -and certainly if there had lieen an 
 Agent it would have prevented a great deal of a- 
 larm and ill feeling in the country. - 
 
 " The only object is, that the 
 
 4iranchea of the Le^slature 'of the CoKiniea. may 
 Ite heard in thia country. It mav he irregnjar in 
 aome respects, bat there has been a ncacaaiij 
 
 fonmi for arHpethlns of thai kind. / ntktr think 
 thnt Agrmtehate done more rood Man harm M 
 the vhoU. ■' [p. p. 94«, 9itk Ma^, IBW.J 
 
 J. SrEMiiN, Junr. Eaq., late Counael to lh« 
 Colonial Department, and lately oppointod to 
 ancooeodMr.Hayin tha Colonial Office, on * 
 bainf aakadifho aaw "any objection to tho 
 Canadaa having an Agant, in Iba aamo man- 
 ner that Iha Coloniaa having Le^ialaiuraa havo 
 Agenta ?•• anawcrcd, [vide Ue Etidenee hef^e 
 the CmmUtti o/ 16S8, Utk June.] 
 
 " On the contrary rehould aaa. great advan- 
 tace in it. I apprehend that Iha appointment 
 of an Agent for any Colony ia attended with 
 the groateat adyantaga both to the Govamnant 
 and to tho Coloniata." 
 
 ^. " Haa not the ground on which tha appoint* 
 ment of an Agant haa been resiated in Lower 
 Canada been, lh"t the Governor alwaya aaid 
 that he was the only proper medium rf commu- 
 niealion between the Government and the Col> 
 ony 7 — I believe the Governor haa said that he 
 was the Representative of the Colony. Lan- 
 guage of (hat kind haa perhapa been thrown 
 out without much consideration. 
 
 All the efforts to have an Agent% Bill paiaed, 
 have, however, alwaya failed. No rrasoiiing— not 
 even that of Mr. John Nxii-son, the head of the 
 Constitutionalists— has convinced our irresponsi- 
 ble Council of the [irnpriety of having an Agent 
 in Enjilnnd., Sir Jamxi MArKiNToan, the lumi- 
 nary of English history, haa been named and ob- 
 jected to. Mr. Laboochere, who is at present 
 one of thcBritishMinistry,waa named and has also 
 been objected to, and 80 haa Mr. Hume. Year 
 a<\er.yearthts Bill has been thrown out, for it is 
 the desire of the Letjislative Council that the Col- 
 ony should not lie understood by the Govcrnraeiit 
 in Gngland ; it is their wish that our lives, uiir 
 liberties, our properties, and our dearest rights ' >: 
 should be at the mercy . of men 3,000 miles off, 
 moat of whrim know no more of Canada than 
 they do of the moon. Is it just that the iritemdl '^ 
 of the Province abould be thua perpetually in dan- ^^ 
 ger of dratruction 1 '' 
 
 3. Removal of Tboops from PtAcra or 
 ELrirriONSy— During tho several Elections the 
 Truopa stationed in the City of Montreal have "' 
 been kept under arma, ready to march at a mo- 
 ment's notice sgainat the Electnra of thia City, at 
 the call of tbeTory party. During the Election of 
 1827, «hen Mr. McOill, now a m!>mber off the 
 Legislative Council, waa one ofth^fl'ory Candi- 
 dates, application waa made by Mr. (now Jqdge) 
 GAt.R,& Mt.Hbnht GRiPnN,the returning officer, 
 and firat aigner to the muster Roll of the lata 
 procluimed Rifio Corps, to have the military in 
 readiness to shoot the Eleclnra of the "West Ward 
 of (his City. In I832,atthorcqueatofMr.M' 
 
 # 
 
PaTV, A.I . . . . . an* 
 
 cil, Mil of Dt. RoBCRTMN, PrMiJtnt of itM Coo- 
 ■lUtttloaai AMocUlion, th* tro«t|M were callifd out, 
 kihI tbot UirM of th* elliaeiM. In the lat« ElroUun 
 at duabec, H wm optnly itateJ, thai not only I he 
 lroo|ia were under •rma, bat that tha Cannon 
 would ba find on tha people In eaae of any dialur- 
 banoe, whkh tha Tory party did all In thfir power 
 to Aicila. Under auch circuawtancaa, tha Repre- 
 aenlalifea of the People would not have been 
 doing their duty were tiiey not to endeavor to r»- 
 move thoae troopa. For thia <purpoia Ihe aliove 
 named Bill waa introdaced. It ia borrowed yVom 
 the BrUiih Statulu, but with lighter penaltiea. 
 Tha LegiaUtiva Couneii, aeveral ofwhcae mem- 
 bera have- the blood of our ajaughtered Allow- 
 eitiiena to anawer Ibr, and who etUI thimt for ' 
 nvMeUood, have thrown out thia Bill., It would 
 have been a barrier to their aanguinary projecta. 
 It .would have been a aafaguard to the livca of 
 thoae people, whoaa they hate with a deadly haired. 
 For theae reaaona it waa rejected by that Council. 
 
 3. To laoLiaa the puniihment or Pillobt in 
 CERTAiN ciau. — It waa prop^aad by Ihie meaaure 
 to abolish tlUa pnniahmant in caaas of perjury, and, 
 we believe, libel. It waa rejected by the Council. 
 
 4. PiRiaa iNJ> TowNMiP OrricEBa.— Tha on- 
 ly objection tbaapologiata of tha Council can make 
 to thia Bill ia ila being " a bantling of Mr. GhiU'a^ 
 and that it exhibited the EUetite principle in 
 full Ibree." Thaee truly are weighty reaaona 
 on which a legislative body acta. The firat ob- 
 jection to tha BUI happens not to be altogether 
 true. 
 
 The Bill to allow tha people tha power to elect 
 certain ofBcera to manage their local affaira waa 
 firat^troduced by Mr.Pccx,formerly King'aCoun. 
 cil in thia Provinea. It waa neit taken up and inr 
 traduced by Mr.TBiODOKEDATiEa,then rapreeent- 
 ing the Coanty of Ottawa, and aince appoint- 
 ed Ragiatrar of tha County of Two- Mountains 
 by Lord Atlmii. Thia gentleman hoa been al- 
 waya a ataaneh tory. He it waa who introduced 
 ih^jir — for the election of the Magistratea by 
 Iha People wto the Bill. After Mr. Divixa ceas- 
 
 - «d to bek>ng to the Aaaambly, tha Bill waa taken 
 up by Mr. CaiLD,who took great |iaina to improve 
 it, and kent it again to the Council. It ia mainly 
 founded on « aimihur Bil^ paaaed laat yitai hy the 
 Parliament of Upper Canada, and which even the. 
 Herald of this City' approved of at the time. It 
 
 • has been alwaya a great outcry against the peo- 
 ple 9f thia Provinoa that they are opposed to con- 
 tributing acy aWng directly to ameliorate their 
 local coaditioa< Thia Bill conferred on them, 
 however, tha power to assess themselves for cer- 
 taia kical puipoaeaiaueh aa making Rnuls or Brid- 
 
 
 i 
 
 gas, of building Aihool Housi*s m Town TIal'a. 
 As it enlarged tlie poliiKal righia of tiM pn)< 
 piq, oqr itriM|wnriibl« Legi»l ttiva Coanetl 
 lore oruahed it at onoa. '* It waa an nniai|iruv»> 
 " bla monater," because *' it exhibited lh« 
 "Elective principle in full furaei** and eon« 
 ferrad on the pe<jple Ihe power -of ragolaling 
 their own local concerns. 
 
 JoHM Nbilson tuld tha Commillee of th« 
 House o! Commons in IU98, that " there is on* 
 V thing that ia desired to give Ibem {the Towii« 
 " ahips] which they liav« in the United Btatea, 
 " and that is the power of regulating their own 
 " little local concerna, and wliicli I conceive,** 
 continuea the chief of the Constitutional party, 
 " contributes very much to Iha proaperity of 
 " tlia United Slatea. Every district oftonntry 
 " regulatea mattera of common convaiiiencea 
 " auch as Roads and Bridges. What can ba 
 *' done by an individual, ia done, but what can* ^ 
 " not be done by an individual ia dona by a 
 " common effort of the whole community aa 
 " determined by the majority, wheraaa in tho 
 " Townships they can get nothing done wilb> 
 " out delay and eipaiiaea." 
 
 Tha following ia " tha difleranca between 
 " tha atata of things in that respect in Canada 
 " and in the United States," aa described by 
 Mr. NxiLsoN in hia evidence [fogt 86, t4tli 
 Jtfey, 1888.] 
 
 " In Canada we have lieen plagaed with an 
 old French system of Oovernnient, that is to 
 say, a Oovemment in iehich the p$ople have no 
 concern whatiotver. Every thing must proceed 
 from the city of duebec and the city of 
 Montreal, and peraona must come to the city 
 of duebec «nd the city of Montreal to do every 
 thing, «n*<ta4l<i^ i«<ng able to do U/or thenuihte 
 in their ounloealitUi. In the United Stataa 
 they have the Ekolisb aystem, by which every 
 locality haa certain powers of regulating ila 
 own concerns, ty tonieJk mean* thty regtUate 
 them eheaper and better ; whereas with ua, a man 
 muat make a journey to duebec, he muat go to 
 a great ezpenaa — ha must bow to this man,a..d 
 bow to that man, and rap at ihia door, and at 
 that door^ and spend days and weeka to affect 
 a little improvement of a road, or aometbing of 
 that kind, of common convenience to a District, 
 whereas all that is done in the Umitbd SrATia , 
 teithout going out<ifhis own tmaU dielrict." - * 
 
 Well, it waa to put an and to thia *' old 
 French aystem of Ouvemment in which tha 
 people have no concern whatever," with which 
 they are " plagued," and by which they, are 
 obliged " to make journiea to duebec, to go to 
 '* a great expanaa— to bow to thia man and to 
 " that man— to rap at thia door, and at that 
 '' v; s-f; »»'fvi>-^-- iy#isv?i j:>>WSi-^'; ':4i:«*««-.i.4H' •* ••■ 
 
 I. 
 
 ■ \ 
 
 'Y 
 
 I I 
 
 RS*j 
 
" door,*' " lo tfTitt •! in expcni* of <li>yi ind 
 " waaki" any liitl* improvement in ihair 
 ■aiflibourliood, and to intruduoa tha (ood rra* 
 puniibia "Enui itM »yat«nn," by meana of wliich 
 tlia poo|>l«i cMn iheinaelvea " rcf ulalc thetr own 
 III. I* local concern*," that the CiiNADiAN 
 IJouaa of Aiaambiy have repeat'd'y paaird Iha 
 PariiJi and Towj)il)ip Udioora Bill. Sojrnat 
 however ia Iho horror which the Logiilalivo 
 Council have to ihia GMotifU •y*t.'<ni, that.thuy 
 •t onee builted the Bill, end voted Tnr tha c in- 
 .tinuanco of what Mr. Ncilmun vallt the Frrnch 
 ayatem. The people Ihereforu have for another 
 year to make journoya to duebec (nd Montreal, 
 and to continue bowing and rapping if they 
 want any imprevamenta in their "little local con- 
 cerna." Their reprei<;niative8,they miiit rem<>m< 
 ber.wiahad to give ihein "the [flMGLiitii ayatem," 
 but the Legialative Council would not allow 
 them te get it. Thirooncrtho ENOLifii tya- 
 tero of reaponaibility ia applied to the Legifla- 
 tive Council itaelf, the aooner will the people be 
 ■llowad to regulate " their own little local con- 
 <ierna.V Let every (armer,tlierefore,b«ar tbia in 
 mind. ' *• 
 
 8. Attachment or Salaricb or Public 
 OrriciM. — Thia meaaure o wea ita origin to M r. 
 L«i, formerly the repreaentative of the Lower 
 Town of Cluebec. It waa to oblige the Gen> 
 tleman office-boldera to pay their debta. Thcad 
 gentry now run in debt.and laugh at their cred- 
 itors, beeauae their aalariea cannot be twuchod. 
 '*Thia Bill," aaya the apologiat.for the Legiala- 
 tive Council, " waa rafuaed — not on account' of 
 " ita principle of course,— but owing to the 
 " preaent unprectdenUd and extraordinary pea- 
 " ition ofthfr Jujgea and public officaia ia this 
 "Province." • .< %:i-.'^ *-'>■:%,■•'"' ■ 
 
 ThiaiaoniB of the lamest apologies wo ever 
 read. If it waa rejected not on account of its 
 principle <i^ course, but on account of the un- 
 precedented circumstances,wbat, we ask, waa the 
 reaaon of ita having been heretofore rejected 7 
 Heretolbre the tinprecedetUed circunistancea did 
 not exiat. How came the- Bill then to have 
 been rejected when introduced by Mr. Lcsiand 
 after him by Mr. Dutal ! 
 
 The Council, to our own knowledge, have 
 hitherto rejected it on principle. Thia year 
 they abandon the principle and hold on to the' 
 "unprecedented poaition." Wheaever "the un- 
 preeedented position" will dia«ppear,the Coun- 
 cil will fall back again en th* prindpfe.and thus 
 it will be to the end of thecnapter— from " prin- 
 
 ciple" to'unpreeedented circumatances,*or soma 
 ether lame eieuia — ft from thia back again upon 
 " principle," whi!»: •H lh» time the tradaaman 
 and atore keeper will he cheated and pillaged, 
 until they obtain an Elective Legislative Coun- 
 cil, for the Toriea will be alwaya " good at a 
 tritk," and never at a leaa for an eicuse. 
 
 6. WouNDKD MiLiTiAMKM. — This wss a Bill 
 to allow tlioae brave men who ware wounded 
 during Iha taat war in defending and praaarv* 
 ingthia Province for '* ungrateful'' England, 
 Iha means of more conveniently establialiing 
 tltoir claimi, and procuring that allowanee for 
 loss of health or limb which they aonuich maril. 
 The apologists for the Legialative ConncH aay 
 it waa " a complete job"— Why did not tha 
 Council then endeavour to improv* it 7 Why 
 did they insolently rcjoct It 7 ■ It waa aent up 
 in November. They hjid time enough. It ia 
 the first lime however that we have heard of 
 Militiamen making a " job" of their wounds. 
 Thia is not the claas of men who dabble in 
 job*. It ia rather those who deny them Juatice 
 and mock at their honorable aears. Should 
 this Province be again invaded, the neglect 
 and inault which theae worthy veierana now 
 meet from the Legislative Council and their 
 organs, may cost England the Ibaa of a /oar- 
 teenlh gem from her diadem. Ingratitude sel- 
 dom goes unpunished e^en in this world. 
 
 7. RsFAiniNo HioHWATs and BaiDaci. — 
 This Bill, like the Pariah and Township Offi- 
 cers Bill, [No. 4] was to allow the people to 
 regulate their local concerns aa far as regarded 
 Roads and Bridges. It allowed them lo Hict 
 certain Road Officers, and to do their buaineaa 
 without being tioubled bunting after Grand 
 Voyera who live at a great distance from them- 
 But Grand Voyera are the relations or nominees 
 of their Patrons, the Councillora. Qna is 
 Aide-de-Camp to the Governor. Hii^^hcf 
 must not be touched. Another ia an ExMMiilte 
 Cpuncillur— tlie burthena of tho people tttktt 
 not be lightened at the expense of Ai»- pocket. 
 Now, the Bill in question, did reduce these 
 Grand Voyera* exorbitant fees, which are a 
 great obstacle to new settlements, as every 
 farmer knows. Besides, it allowed the people 
 to manage their own little afTuirs without being 
 obliged to "spend days and weeks from home, 
 bowing th this great man, and bowing to that 
 great man, rapping at this door, and a( that. 
 The Legislative Council were however deter- 
 mined to protect their " friends,'' and so put 
 this Bill on the shelf. " The whole system, aa I 
 
 ( 
 
 ^ 
 
/^ 
 
 ** uid b«ror«, ii hilharto t Pranch ■jriUmef 
 ** G««arnin«nt''~Mid Joira Niilmm in 1888; 
 " it iMVflt nothing to b« dona by ibo poopU." 
 This !■ the ■yitam wbioh tbo Lag itiativa Coun- 
 eil orthia Provinea ia datarminad to ooniinua, 
 for aa wa ramarliad bafora, it lakaa monay out 
 oftha poeliataortha patpia, and puU it into tha 
 pockata ol Grand Voyaii, tlia ralationa and no- 
 minaaa of Lagialativa Counoillora. Ought not 
 tha farmara ba graat tiianda of tho aaid Lagia- 
 lativa Council T 
 
 8.— To R»iut,AT« TBI NoTiaui, PRorcaiioN. 
 Thare la no proftiMion, in our opinion, ofgiaater 
 Inporlanoa lu the public i and the proiier rrgula- 
 tlon of which ia of more conae^ueace than tbia. Ita 
 Importance will immadiatrly be undcratood whun 
 It ia eonatilered that there ia aearcdy a Iranaaclion 
 Itatwoen man and man in tha Pravinea but paa- 
 aca aoine how or othrr through the handa of a 
 T^olary. IVu conlraot la entered Into— no im- 
 moTeable property atrhnnged— aold or leaard— no 
 Marriage deeda eomploted— learcf ly any Ira < 
 action o( any conaequence eflbcted, without the 
 Intervention of a NoUry. ■ U muat he therefore 
 «dmiu«d by all, (hat the proper regulation of the 
 Itrofciiiion ia a auliject of the grrateat importance. 
 Tha c(ur«lewn<'«a of (he Judgei in admitting per. 
 floni* to act aa Notariaa haa however been ao great, 
 coupird with the hatred which the majority of 
 
 . thoae high Ainrtionnriea bear to the uyatara of 
 Civil Law in force in the Provinee, (hat i( hna 
 excited a grave auapicion in the minda of many, 
 that it waa intend« J by aach careleaaneas tu bring 
 diacr^dit on the Lawa, by the ruin of inijiviiiuali) 
 in conaequence of careleasneai and inattention in 
 the adiniaaion uf ill-qualified |)ennni 'o the dis- 
 charge of thoae important dutiei. 
 
 It was (be intention of tho Aaaembly, and of 
 (hoframnra of this Bill, to obviate thoM dangers, 
 by making such regulations as would insure the 
 •dinission ordy of pcrsuns' of suitalde legnUc- 
 
 i^iilpriVamenta into the profession. By (his Bill con- 
 
 < vdldatcs for the Notarial profession were obliged to 
 undergo a properexamination before a Board, and 
 
 ^ provision waa made for the periodical insjiection 
 of the books and Registelra of NoUries, thereby 
 to insure the certainly that ordar, regularity, and 
 care, ahould be observed in such important de- 
 ft tmenU. This Bill passed unanimously iu the 
 Aaaembly, many of the membcre of which are 
 practising Notaries, Lawyers, Landholders, and 
 Merchants, who without doubt ought to be com- 
 petent judges of what the public interests require. 
 The apologists of the Council admit themselves 
 that it is" much wanted ;"and that with the a- 
 mendments which Mr. Viokr reported, principally 
 Buggeatcd by tha Montreal Notariy, the BUI 
 
 wouki hava Wn a good one. Tha Coancil, 
 however, put it on tha abalf, to kaap conpany with 
 Iba other " aubjacta " which (hay deapatcbad dur- 
 ing tha Session, nutwilhatanding it ia " much 
 wanlbd"and notwitliatanding Mr.ViOBR'a amrnd- 
 roa nta. Tha whole concern waa aant to the Grmk 
 Calends, " to give tiiM to all partica oonecmad to 
 be heard ami attended to." The Bill haa now been 
 balbra " tha partieaconcamsd" at laaat/owr yvara. 
 It is odd if they have not bad " tinw" enough to 
 eonaidar ita pnivisiona. 
 
 9. Rbprintino thb PaoviKCut Statcth.— 
 Whoever is conversant with our Statute Books, 
 is aware that they ara incumbered with many 
 obaolete or expired Lawa which ore no longer in 
 force. . Our ilepreacntaiivea have been desiroue 
 for agrsat many yeara to separata the living fron 
 the dead laws, and to have an aditioa prinacd 
 containing only tha Law« and ordinanoaa in force 
 in the Province, ao that every bum for a trifling 
 aum may be able to know what ia'tfae Uwof the 
 land, and direct himself accordingly. With tbia 
 view they sent up to the Council tha Bdl to re- 
 print the Provincial Slatutea. 
 
 Thoa^who ara employed to apolegiia for 
 tha "tantruma'' of our irroaponaible taajiniaatara 
 of the Legislative Council, aay that tha Bill 
 waa refused " because there waa not monay in 
 " the chest to warrant ita passing, and tltat it 
 '^ waa not otherwise objected to.'' The abal. 
 lownesaof this apology, and the impudatioa of 
 the Legislative Council which countonancea it, 
 will at Mice be apparent whan tba history of 
 the Bill is made known. 
 
 A Bill having a simihur object to tha praaent 
 was sent up in the course of the lost Parliament, 
 to (lie Legislative Council, by which body it waa 
 aineniiod. It being a Money Bill, the Assembly 
 could not constitutionally permit thr Council 
 to amond it ; but rather than the Bill should bo 
 lost, passed another Bill, into which wire intn- 
 duetd thi CouneiVf amendmenO, and sent it 
 up stairs. What will the public think of thia 
 Couiftil, when they learn that they thrne out 
 the Bill altogother, even when it contained their 
 own amendmtnts J Every peraon must admit 
 that it ia difficult to get along with a body 
 which cotdd be guilty of.conductao inoompre- 
 hensibleas thia. <'• i.'"iv. > 
 
 Tliia year the same Bill, with their own a- 
 mendmenta, waa again aent up. Now, how- 
 ever, the excuae ia, that there ia not money 
 enough. Why, the whole expense would be 
 no more than a few hundred pounds. But it 
 muat be remarked that there waa plenty of 
 money in the Cheat the lest time tha B.d waa 
 
10 
 
 
 ■ont up,~whon the Council amended it. How 
 came it that they then threw it out, with their 
 own amendmonla to boot 7 
 
 The truth it, thd plea that is F .ought for- 
 ward ii patched up for the occasion. One 
 year the Bill is ihrown out for this reason — a- 
 nother year for that reason. Whatever be the 
 motive, nothing is certain but the rejection 
 of the measure. We have shewn that 
 they already threw out the Bill, even when 
 their own amendments were agreed to, and 
 when there was plenty of money in the chest. 
 The true reason of the rejection of the measure -> 
 Is, that the \ Council are becoming every year 
 worse and worse — every year more the friends 
 of monopoly and their favorites, and that the 
 l^ood or advantage of the poblio is a matter 
 with the irresponsible and life Legislators, of 
 aecondury consideration. Their constant op- 
 position to the reprinting of the Statutes was 
 happily compared by Mr. PAPiNEAO,at the last 
 West Ward Election, to the conduct of the 
 Roman Tyrant who had his Lows written in 
 ■uch a small character, and fixed so high on 
 the walls, that no person could read them, and 
 then punished by torture or death whoever was 
 ignorant of the Law or dicobeyed it. 
 
 14. Czssio BoNOROM.-The Constitutionalists 
 have long been loudly crying out for a Bank- 
 rupt Law in this Province. The Assembly 
 have for nearly twenty years been endeavoring 
 to introduce the ScotchLaw of Cessio Bonorum, 
 which provides that an unfortunate Debtor shall 
 have a discharge, on certain conditions, after 
 he gives up any property he may have remain- 
 ing, for the benefit of his creditors. The Leg- 
 islative Council have always pertinaciously op- 
 posed the passing of this humane law. For 
 what reason,not even their apologists can ex- 
 plain. 
 
 It. Maintenance OP Court Houses and 
 Jails. — " This was objected to," say the apo- 
 legists of the Council, " because it was a Bill 
 to tax the poor for the benefit of the rich." 
 How humane,all at once,are our Life Legisla- 
 tors — our Lords and taskmasters I 
 
 This Bill provided for the maintenance of 
 Court Houses and Jails in tlie counties, by a 
 light additional tax on Law proceedings in those 
 several Courts. The same principle haa driady 
 hem MWuHoned by the Legislative Council, in 
 the case ofthe Jail of the St. Francis District. 
 It was, indeed, first suggested by one of their 
 ownuMBbwil Now,lwwev«r,theyhM«tiaien 
 
 a sudden liking to tb« poor, who they would 
 wish us to believe they are anxious to protect. 
 They who already threw oot the Bill obliging 
 office-holders to pay the poor tradesman what- 
 ever they ~>ny owe him ; they who, for the 
 iake of a few hundred pounds, have been eter- 
 nally rejecting the bill to give cheap laws to the 
 poor ; they who threw out the Bill to provide for 
 the poor wounded militiamen ; they who threw 
 out the Montreal Harbor Improvement Bill. 
 ' and the Chambly Canal Bill, which would give 
 work to the poor ; they in fine who rejected the 
 Elementary School Bill, the great object of 
 which was the education of the poor ; they to 
 set up as the protectors ofthe poor against the 
 rich ! What l-ypocrites I Why, their every 
 action during; the last Session gives the lie to 
 the reasons which they offer for rejecting this 
 Bill 
 
 12. To REaOLlTI TBE MANA(>EMSNT OF THB 
 
 Jesuits' Estates. — No public property in the 
 Province requires proper managemeat laore than 
 these Estates. Hitherto they have been admin- 
 istered solely for the benefit of a pkmdertag sett of 
 harpies, whom neither shams, noreonsoisMe, nor 
 public indignation, can force to let go the gripe 
 they have obtained over them. One Legislative 
 Councillor has got 2G,000 acres of these EslaUs, 
 positively for nothing. Sillery Cove,even Against 
 the solemn promise of the Qoveraor ui-Chi«C baa 
 been secretly partitioned out, to the damage of 
 the public inUrests, for hundreds ef pounds bslow 
 its value in the market, among mc a who haive no 
 recommendation but that they are warm partiiana 
 cf the Legislative Council— stiff Constitutional- 
 ists. Farms belonging to llicse Estates, have 
 been given to Government favoritea for a nominal 
 sum, three or four tunes less than the valne ; and 
 so far from the capital being paid, the purchasers 
 have not been even troubled for the interest. 
 Poxlions of these Estates have been aliMHMi|«jto 
 the admitted amount of nearly £15,000) JlH^jhtob ■ 
 not £3,000 were collected so for.dOwn ««)|il* 
 The JesiuU' College in dnebee, whieh hafiin 
 the 19lh eentury, and by the British GtovemmeDt, 
 been converted into a Barf a ^k, is another in- 
 stance of ttedisgraeeftil manner in which these 
 Estates have beea administered. 
 
 To save the wreck of those Estates, wu the 
 (^ject ofthe Bill before us. Instead of having 
 them managed by a Commissioner, who has been 
 convicted out of his own mouth of incapacity and 
 ignorance, a proper establishment was provided, 
 and means were abo uken that the uncultivated 
 lands bslongingtc the Estates should be disposed 
 of in (MMveniant lots, to Mttlem wiffing to culti- 
 
 1 
 
^if 
 
 •xT 
 
 VaU and miJe on the lame, instead of gtAing 
 thouundtf of acres to Legislativo Councillors for 
 notking, or next to nothing. The Legislative 
 Council— (hose great friende of the poor— threw 
 oat this Bill which went thus to furnish the poor 
 with Farms under easy terms, because the Jeau- 
 iu' fistates are ooosldereil a " nest egg" for Exeo- 
 tttive and Legislative Councillors, and the mem- 
 bers of the Constitutional Association ; and be- 
 cause the present Commissioner is a Legislative 
 and an Executive Councillor, and one of those 
 friends of the poor, whose charity begins at home 
 The truth is, if the present Bill went into opera- 
 tion, it wouM put an end to a shameful system of 
 spoliation and corruption which has long been go- 
 tng (Si. As might have been exfMCteJ, the Le- 
 g slative Counoii therefore threw it under the ta- 
 ble. - ...vf ;.A,,,v vJti^i-lUrit\^sy;.. ,..,_ _ ,. 
 
 13. Printinq and oisrniBCTiON op thb Laws. 
 — This Bill was to throw the printing of the Sta- 
 
 ateii, like the printing of the House of Assembly, 
 op«n to competition. At present it is a monopoly 
 given to the Editor of the Cluebec Mercury, and 
 the Editor of the Cluebec Gazette, (by authority) 
 as a reward for the constancy with which they de- 
 fend the misdeeds ofthe oiiice-holders, and abuse 
 the House of Assembly. An idea ofthojobb'ng 
 which the pubKc are the victims of at present, 
 nay be (brmed from the fact, that the present 
 Law-printers charge £538 II IO)d. for what can 
 be done for £400, if the work was open to Com- 
 petition; and other work for which nearly £100 
 is charged, can, it is stated, be done for nimost a 
 tenth uf that sum. It was with a view to econo- 
 my ofthe public funds that the present Bill was 
 introduced. The Legislative Council— the friend 
 ofthe poor— who threw out the Bilf for reprinting 
 the Statutes, because there was not enough of 
 money in the Chest, naw reject this Bill be- 
 cause it tended to save money, and to hava les-s 
 taikC^oat ofthe Chest by Messrs. Fisher and 
 .jmtkl^B th*n usual. Our Council is certainly 
 '^Wik very' consistent in its actions. A t , one 
 € tiine it is a great stickler for economy, when 
 " the cry*' will protect its favorites. At anoth- 
 er time it considers (as in the present case,) 
 economy as "a ricketty concern," when it 
 militates against its friends. " Such is the 
 '< stuff that man is made of," says Bentham, 
 ** in principle and in practice ; in a ri;;ht track 
 " and in a wrong one, the rarest of all human 
 " qualities is constifency." 
 
 14. To ESTABLISH k PosT OFricB. — At pres- 
 ent, between £10,000 and £12,000 are sent to 
 Enf land from the Canadas yearly, by (he 
 Deputy Post Master Qeneral ; this being the 
 
 excess of the receipts over tite expendiiure. 
 By the Post Office Bill, it was proposed that 
 this surplus should be kept m the country, to 
 be expended in extending increased Post Of- 
 fice accommodation and Mails throughout the 
 different sections of these Provinces. 
 
 At present^ Mr. Stainkr, Deputy Post 
 Master General, sppropriates £3,000 p^r an- 
 num to himself, whilst the Post Masters who 
 do all tiie drudgery, have on on ntragt but 
 £30 or £40 per annum. • The proposed Bill 
 gave Mr. Stayner, the Deputy Post Master 
 General, £750 per annum, and the working 
 Post Masters an increased remuneration on (he 
 same scale, as is established in the United 
 States. Economy and responsibility was in 
 other respects introduced into the Depart- 
 ment ; — the postage was reduced, whilst at 
 the same time the Revenue was not much 
 affected. The LegislatiTc Council, however, 
 " the friends ofthe poor," rejected the Bill, by 
 which means the poor General j^ost Office in 
 England wilt continue to receive 10 or£l2,000 
 a year from Canada — poor Mr. Statner, the 
 Depuly Post Master General, will continue to 
 pocket £3,000 a year, and the rttd poor peo- 
 ple of Canada will have to pay high postage, 
 and to have but scanty Post Office accommo- 
 dation. 
 
 But we are told that the Coancii have sd- 
 dressed His Majesty on the subject, h was 
 fitter for the Council to have concurred in the 
 Bill. His Majesty had been already three dif- 
 foront times addressed on the subject. His Me- 
 jesty requested the Provincial Legislature to 
 legislate on the subject Instead of so doing, 
 the Council obstruct the public business, and 
 allow the provincial funds to be exported to 
 England, or wasted in high salaries on public 
 officers, instead of being laid out for the benefit 
 ofthe people ofthe Colony. And theSe are 
 the people who pretend to object to tax the poor 
 for the sake ofthe rich. What a rich commen- 
 tary their acts are in their professions. 
 
 15 Further E>JCo;:nAGEMENT op Elkmentary 
 Education.— Of all the Bills rejected by the 
 Council during the last Session, the Bill for the 
 further encouragement of Elementary Education 
 is the most important, and the one . the 
 loss of which will be must generally fult through- 
 out the Province. Whoever will imagine the ex- 
 istence, for six years, of from 1000 to 1300 
 si-hools, and the g.adual increase ofschoiars in 
 proportion ; the sudden cessation of those schools, 
 and tte unforeseen deprivation to nearly 40,000 
 
 • ''WTii^mjftm 
 
 ■mm 
 
 _j..-;-.._ >,-,. .% 1 
 
 ,^ ,1 r.}«iSSgpffSwj ^»3^6 
 
12 
 
 {<l.-^ 
 
 children of the meani ofinttruclion, will have it 
 in hit power to fitrm lome iJea of the dewjUting 
 eflccls which the determination of the Lejjie- 
 lative Council in rejectinj; thia Bill will produce 
 in thia onrortunate Province. ^ 
 
 The Reiireaentalivea of the people were for 
 nearly 40 years endeavourinji to extend the bene- 
 fits ot education tbroaghont the t^untry. The 
 Legialative. Council, with its naual hostility, stea- 
 dily opposed, until within a few years, all at- 
 tempts to aflbrd the people the means of instroc- 
 lion, except on conditions dan^rous to the reli- 
 gious opinions of the Roman Catholic population, 
 nnd now that opposition is again revived. In 
 IHOl, an Act was passed fur the pstablishment of 
 Schools ; they were to be under the management 
 ofaiorporatioo. That ocvporation was not nam- 
 ed until 1817, and when it was named, it hap- 
 pened to consist mostly of persons of one religion 
 alone. The Protestant Bishop, and the Clergy of 
 the Church of England, were at the head of the 
 Corporation, and the great majority of the mem- 
 bers were of the same church. Thia tended to 
 confirm the suspicion of the people that thisBoard, 
 (like the fatuous Kildare-street Society,) was ap- 
 pointed not for the purpose entirely of educating, 
 but rallier of proselytizing tho children, from the 
 faith of their forefathers. The children bielong- 
 ng to the mass of the population would not 
 go to these schools, and in consequence 
 they fell through. They have had very few scho- 
 lars,and Mr. Fohn Neilson (from whose evidence 
 these particulars are taken, vide evidence, 5th 
 June, 1838)stBtes,that though they,up to that time, 
 had applied £30,000 of the public money, they 
 had not educated 1200 children a year. 
 
 We perceive that the Legislative Council, in 
 its Resolutions ofthe 15th March last, rejecting 
 the Elementary School Bill, recommends the or- 
 . ganization of a Central Board ofSuperintendance, 
 by which the course of instruction may be more 
 effectually ascertained and directed, and the ex- 
 penditure ofthe public money more eiTectually 
 applied. This is merely a revival ofthe Ro^ai. 
 Institdtion under another form, which the Coun- 
 cil wishes to establish. We have already from 
 Mr. Nbilson's evidence beibre the Committee of 
 thi House of Commons, shewn what stufi that 
 " Central Board" was made of. We give another 
 extract from the same evidence (24th May, 1828) 
 in order that the public may thoroughly compre- 
 hend the difficulties which the Qpvernment and 
 its supporters, the Council and the Royal Institu- 
 tion.have thrown in the way of education. 
 
 Mr. Neilson is asked, 
 
 "What are the peculiarities in the state of Low- 
 er CanadA which have occasioned it to remain so 
 
 iQiich behind the rest ofthe continent in point of in- 
 formation 1 
 
 Aiuver. The country is very much extendisJ, 
 It is diflicult for the people to establish Schools 
 themselves. They had no authority until lately, 
 even to hold property fur Schools; and under 
 difficulties of that kind, it is natural to sup|iose 
 that education would not spread sn rapidly as in 
 the United States, where firom the commencement 
 there had lieen a regular provision made 
 for schools on pretty much the same ulan 
 as in Scotland. In Lower Canada we nave 
 had nothins in favor of schools except 
 the act of 1801 [the Royal Institution] 
 which htt$ done more harm than good, with re»- 
 pectto the general advancement oi EUlucation, 
 for it alarmed the people with regard to their 
 religion. The scho«U were under the control 
 of persons that they considered adverse to their 
 rehgion, and it was thought that it was . at* 
 tempted to get the whole of the children to 
 school, in order to convert them, or pervert 
 them, as they called it, and it excited a great 
 deal of alarm." 
 
 Anxious abo>e all things to have the people 
 educated, a Bill was introduced, in 1814, in tha 
 Assembly, by which it was proposed to estab- 
 lish a system similar to that establishod in 
 Scotland, with soma of the improvemente of 
 New England. Schools, by this act, were tu 
 have been established in the various localities — 
 and the people were to have the power o( as- 
 sessing titemselves for the purpose of main- 
 taining those schools, and to appoint Trustees, 
 &c. Numbers of Bills to establish schools 
 in the Province were introduced after this,and 
 rejected by the same Council, who would have 
 no other act than the proselytizing Act of 
 1801, and the Royal Institution. ■:».ib:-nr" 
 
 Such is the history of Education in LoWiir 
 Canada, up tu the year 1839, when the first 
 Elementary School Bill was passed. From 
 that period to the present, the benefits of^dut; 
 tion have been widely and extensively, spn 
 ing and taking deep root. Itsprograss i^ 
 be ascertained from the following fact. ptiM* ■ 
 year 1829, the number of scholars a^ Ele- 
 mentary Schools amounted only to . f 4,753. 
 In 1835, the number at the same school a 
 amounted to 37,658, being an increase 
 in six years of 82,903 scholars, indepen- 
 dent of the augmentation to he expected in 
 schools established by private societies in the 
 Cities, or by FtUniquea or Vestries, in the country 
 • parts. In 1829, the proportion of pay scholars at 
 thtseschools was loutofS. In 1830, the pro- 
 portion of pay Scholars was somewhat less, be- 
 inff 8 out of 19. In thn vnar \{Q^. the propor- 
 
 tion of pay scholars was more thun two thirdt of 
 
 thi 
 inl 
 ei 
 trt 
 
 wi 
 
 18 
 
 li 
 
 il 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 '^t^'S;'^^•ti;-I^A^^■'.V"/•■_'.'a•i^"."■.'^.■.^t■^SlL!^■■, 
 
 ..^.^ ;iff34.i 
 
 ;..,:.v»-:; 
 
^ I >• 
 
 18 
 
 Um wbob*. The LagUhtiye Council aecuseathe 
 intubiUntaofthe Province of relaxing in Ifarir 
 ezerliona for Uw aopport of achoola. FauU con- 
 tradict the , aaacrtion. The following however 
 will set the matter in a clearer light. ;„^':. '.T,'. -, 
 1833.— No. of Scholara in 
 
 Elomenlary Schools 23,377 
 
 «v Eree 10,744 
 
 •"^^ Paid 18,6:13 
 
 ■ -^ 29,377 
 
 1834.-No; oi Scholars in ditto 32,309 
 
 Free 10,193 
 
 Paid 29,116 
 
 ' ' * . . 32,309 
 
 1835.— No. of Scholan in ditto - - ■ • 37,658 
 
 Free • 13,498 
 
 ,r-. , Paid - 25,100 
 
 37,058 
 
 The Legislative Council in the Report to vv bich 
 it agreed on the 15t1i March laet, slate that 
 their sqle object is to consider the pirinuiple Upon 
 which it is expedient to grant public money in 
 aid of general Education and tiie bust manner of 
 applying that principle, and liaving considered 
 that question,/?e«o{eed and " that it now becomes 
 " the duty of the Legislature to require the inhab- 
 " itants of the Province to contrftiute more large- 
 " ly by their own voluntary exeriions, and with 
 " their own means to the establishment of a sys- 
 " tem of Elementary Education." 
 . We hM-e already shewn by the proportion of 
 those who pay for their Eduration, that the In- 
 habitania contribute " largely" already to the 
 education of their children. They have not had 
 hitherto the legal power to assess themselves, or 
 they would have done so. There are two principles 
 on whichElementaryEducation can be supported; 
 one, by grahts of. public money ; the other the 
 eh aystem, by which the people of each 
 .] pislrict meet and assess themselves for 
 —Jparpoee of maintaining the Teachers. 
 
 ,,^l>^he House of Assembly, as will appear even 
 by the partial extracts of their Reports v?hich the 
 Committee of the Legislative Council have made, 
 have all along lieen of opinion that the expenses 
 of those schools should be provided for by the 
 people themselves. But at tbe same time they 
 wisely recommended " that the provision for 
 Elementa/y Schools should not bo abolished before 
 a better system could be introduced.'* The Le- 
 gislative Council however, abolish the provision, 
 t nd introduce uo system on its ruins, thus leaving 
 .the people without the means of educating tlieir 
 euiiuren. They have demolished the bulMing 
 
 •■ which thelteied nearly 40,000 little cbildieni 
 
 without crtetiog anulher in i > stcaj to n-ccive 
 the houseless ! , 
 
 In accordance with the views expressed so, 
 far back as the year 1614, and leitoraled to re* 
 peatedly since, the House of Assembly intro- 
 duced provisions from the Scutch system into 
 the Bill now under consideration, and empow- 
 ered " the heads ol families in each School dis- 
 " trict to meet, and a majority of those present 
 " to vote any sum or sums of money for the 
 " purchase oi* a lot of ground fur the site of a 
 " School House, or for the buildin;; or repair- 
 " ing of any School House, or for the support 
 " of any School House or Teacher of a School 
 " District." Here was the basis laid of a sys- 
 tem by which " the Public Revenue wonld bo 
 relieved (rum the expense which it hitherto 
 bore, and the people," according to the wi«h- 
 ea of the Legislative Council " influenced 
 " to talie a mo. e decided interest in the pros- 
 perity of institutions for tliC education of them- 
 stivoa and children." Stranj^e tosay,the Leg- 
 islulivo Council tlircw out the Bill contaioiivg 
 the recommendations made in their own Re- 
 port ! 
 
 The practice which has hitherto prevailed in 
 this Province of voting a portion of the public 
 Revenue for the encouragement of Elementary 
 Education is not peculiar,or confined,to Lowkr 
 Canada, atid its existence among us docs not 
 betoken any lukcwarmness for, or indisposi- 
 tion towards, the benefits of education. Large 
 grants are yearly made by the Imperial ParliA- ' 
 ment, >or the encouragement of Education in 
 Irkland. We have before us the last Report 
 of the Committee on Education of the Parlia- 
 ment of NoVASCoTiA for the year 1839, from 
 which it appears that more than the fourth part 
 of the expenses of Common or Elementary 
 Schools in that Province, is borne Ly the Pro- 
 vihcial Treasury. This Committee in their Re- 
 port give it OS their opinion " that the Province 
 " is hot yet ripe to assume the burden of main- 
 " taining a system of Elementary Education by 
 " an equitable assessment on the population 
 " according to their ability," and for that rea- 
 son recommend the continuance of the Leg- 
 'islative gran', and of the expiring Act for two , 
 years longer. 
 
 It has thus been shewn that neither the in- 
 habitants of this Province, nor their Represen- 
 tatives, urie behind other Provinces similarly 
 circumstanced, in their efforts for Education. 
 The Representatives of the British inhabitants 
 ofX^oTA-ScoTU declare, that the Froviaco is 
 
 W 
 
 rf* 
 
 n.T^M^S^^vtfrj^lVA^,., 
 
14 
 
 S v'. 
 I 
 
 not yft ripe Tor the fyttnti of ■neamnrnf, anJ 
 prudently revommetid the continuance of the 
 Lepitlative grant for Iwo yean longer. The 
 Reprvaentatives oFthia Province provided in 
 the laat Bill for the introduction oflhe aystemof 
 laaeaament, but the Le<{iatative Council re* 
 gardloM of the prudence of our neighboura, 
 moved only by ita anticnt hratility to the men- 
 tal improvement of the people, rejecta the mea* 
 ■ure altogether, and abolishea the Legislutiva 
 proviaion for the Elementary Schools, not only 
 before any better ayatemia introduced,but with* 
 out making any provition for the wantaofthe 
 community. Such wanton wickedneaa ia up- 
 paraded in any Legislative Body in the* 
 world. It ia turning against the people the 
 power with which it is vested for the people's 
 benefit. Before abolishing the existing system, 
 they were in duty bound to provide some other 
 in ita stead. They incurred tbts responsibility 
 towards society by the rejection of the Elemcn- 
 tary School Bill. Having failed to acquit them- 
 aelvea of that duty — having thereby shewn how 
 unfit they are for the trust which they have aa- 
 sumed, the aooner they are atripl of it the bet- 
 ter ; the-aooner they are disabled from perpe- 
 trating any more public mischief, the safer for 
 Bociety. To wage war against the public by 
 deprivmg them of the means of Education, be- 
 tokens a malignancy of apiiit, a determined 
 and bitter hatred of the people, that cannot, 
 that ought never to be forgiven. Let the peo- 
 ple therefore with one accord demand the abo- 
 lition of this Council which has proved itself a 
 public nuisance — the arch enemy of society. 
 Ita arm being raised against every man, let ev- 
 ery man's arm henceforward be raised against 
 iU 
 
 16. To Prevent and Pukish the Fraud 
 CALLED iS<reUtonate:— The party opposed to the 
 House of Assembly, and who maintain that they 
 are only reprrsented and protected by the Legis- 
 lative Council, have been clamorous about frauds 
 which might occur from aecret Mortgages. In 
 the course of Iqat Session, the Petitions which 
 were presented ou this subject, were referred to a 
 Special Committee, which on the 33d Feb recom- 
 mended thd re-establishment of the Bill under 
 consideration, " convinced," says the Report, 
 "that the defects and inoonventencea which are 
 " felt in the execution of our laws concerning 
 " hypotiiecations, are in no wise owing K> the sys- 
 "temitaelf,becaHae the greater part of them did 
 ' not exist ia tbe country wkenee we derived 
 
 "theM velt la«ra,iut tM father i]u« to the itk* 
 " struction which hoa been put upon the lawa in 
 " qnrition, and the nranner in which they have 
 " been etecutedin this country, where they have 
 " never been adosinistered in their true apirit and 
 " in their full extent." 
 
 " Among the eaoses above atlnded to," contin- 
 ue the Committee, " it is necessary to instance 
 " more particularly the aboence of the lawa for the 
 " preventi(in and repressal of the frauda coinmit- 
 " ted in Civil transactions which were known in 
 " the ancient Law of the Country, under the 
 " name of SteiUonate. It cannot be doubted that ' 
 " by thus cutting off a principal portion of our 
 '* law of hypothecation, occaaion has been given to 
 " the greater pari of the difficukiea and inconvcni- 
 " ences which have been complained of, and 
 " which have been/olsefy, and but too frequently, 
 " attributed to the whole system of law conoexioag 
 " hypothecation." 
 
 By the ancient l»t»of tfie eonntry, a man who 
 would sell property, and conceal that there ia a 
 Mortgage on it ; or bonow money upon land or 
 property, and declare that ihe land he mortgages ie 
 perfectly free, was declared guUty of fraud {Std>- 
 Uonatejonii was upon discovery, liable to imprisoiv- 
 ment until ho paid the damage suffered. This 
 salutary law was declared by tbe Judges not to be 
 in force. The object of theAssembty in passing the 
 law under consideration (which was introduced 
 by Mr. Guar) was to revive the esaeBtifel part 
 of the law, «o that the person guilty of (laad by 
 concealing secret mertgages, sboukl be punished 
 until he should repair the damage inflkted. The 
 Legislative Council , on the contrary, rejected the 
 measure, which must be considered certainly an 
 inconsistent proceeding on tlie part of that body 
 which has cried out so lustily against " secret in- 
 cumbrances." 
 
 17. Reducinq Dutiei on Tobacco. — By the 
 Law now in force. Tobacco importf d direct ft^ 
 the United States, pays a duty of frutq ^|ni,35 
 per cent ; but Tobacco imported froqi, <^fi§tjip' 
 per Canada, pays only a duty of '90j|g|U||t. 
 The object of this Bill was to cquaiiw 1)11^^01^ 
 so that all Tobacco imported should be lilftifitliKf 
 to 90 per cent duty. It is stated by the apok/gfsta 
 for the Council, that " this Bill was awiniillrteo 
 " that it should not go into operation belBiii^.i^e 
 " lOtb October next, na it was considered unjuat 
 *' that an Act repealing duties should go into opet- 
 " ation immediately, there being heavy stocks in 
 ' the country on which duties had been paid." 
 We know not on what foundation this aasertion 
 has been made. All we know is, that tbe BiH was 
 never returned to the Assembly, either with or 
 without amendments. The Council smothered 
 k. It was said at the time, that it was rejected 
 beeasse seme cf the membert- of the Legiufative 
 Counei) dabble inTobacoo; and their private in- 
 
 lew 
 dai 
 
 Bo 
 
 hal 
 one 
 1 
 tU 
 yei 
 UK 
 Tl 
 pe 
 
 I» 
 Uh 
 
 IMi 
 
 th 
 th 
 in 
 
 fi 
 
 11 
 
 •I 
 tl 
 
 tl 
 
15 
 
 ho ittK't 
 awi in 
 7 have 
 ty have 
 iritand 
 
 temttWMiUbe affMtedby ih* reduction of the 
 dmlM, and as it la woll kqown that — 
 
 When LegMativ* Cnuncillora an in the com, 
 All other things ol right give place. 
 So thia Bill waa thrown out on the principle that 
 ha)f-a<miirK>n of people ought to aufft^rrather than 
 one Hfb Lejiatator ahoukl complain. 
 
 18. SiJcMoNTHa Salary Bill. — The people of 
 thia Province have been for more than twenty 
 years unaucceaafully demanding a redreaa of the 
 mnltiludiiieaa Qrievaneea under which thsy aufler. 
 They have petitioned— sent home Delegatea — 
 petitioned— 'begged and prayed ; but all lo no pur* 
 poM. Finding that their rulera were aoinewhat 
 like the little boy who waa caught atealiog the «Fd 
 nan'a apples, and would not be persuaded by soft 
 we^s, or clods of earth, the Assembly followed 
 the old man's exampis, and " tried what virtue 
 ttieie was in Stonei." They ^fused the supplies 
 in 1834, and again in 1835. In consequerxe of this 
 firmness of purpose, a new Governor was sent out, 
 who made the finest and emptiost professions 
 imaginable, and promised the wdrld and all, if 
 supplies were voted. In the midst of this palaver, 
 the Assembly discover'>d by the publication of the 
 Minister's Instructions to Sir Francis Head, 
 the Lieutenant Qovernor of Upper Canada, that 
 there was to be no real Reform ; that all the fine 
 professions were nothing but " blarney ;" they 
 voted a remonstrance to the Imperial Parliament, 
 in which they said that they were determined not 
 to be satisfied unless the abuses of which they 
 complain should be redressed, and the changes 
 demanded in the Constitution granted. Being 
 unwilling to embarrass the administration, which 
 made at the time some pretensions tu honesty, al- 
 though it has since thrown oflfthe mask, and now 
 treads in the unconstitutional footsteps of Dat,- 
 ■ODsic and Aylher, our Representatives voted a 
 nipply 6r Six monthn only, in order to allow the 
 'NQMniMnt to be carried on \iBtil the Minister's 
 .'^fPUMk - weuld be received. The Legislative 
 St0tUt^ba0iiwt, was not satisfied, and the Bill 
 ^ tf iW i i >tejk ad out. It was, they say, " a disgrace to 
 "^toy C«o«ntry pretending to be civilized," to make 
 . oMf^ke Constitutional right i to enforce the Re- 
 'JBntiif abases. When the negro' was being flog- 
 ged by thd Slave-driver, the latter kept eculding 
 him all the timotto which Sambo objected, saying, 
 " If ye floggee, floggee ; but no floggee and talkee 
 too." Upon the same principle our Representa- 
 tives have gone.They considered it unfair that the 
 Country should bo flogged and obliged to pay also. 
 Whenever Hia Majoety's Ministers resolve to lay 
 by the cat-o'-nino-tails of oppression and abuses 
 under which the Province at present groans, the 
 Supplies, no doubt, will be "cheerfuiiy " voted, 
 
 but not autil then. We wiH not pay and be (log* 
 ged too. 
 
 19. Q.t;ARANTiM! Bill.— This Province wae 
 visited by chulera in the years. 1839, 1833, ami 
 1834. The {jestilence, introduced by the River 
 Si. Lawrence, spread hr and wide throughout the 
 neighbouring Slates and Provinces, and destriiy- 
 ed thousands In the firdt and last mentioned years. 
 To prevent the desolation being introduced again, 
 the House of Assembly passed this Bin, which 
 was smothered in the Legislative Council. 
 Should the cholera re-visit the Province this year, 
 and again turn our fair country into a vale of 
 death, on those hft-legielalors bo the awfnl res- 
 ponsibility, On their heads be the consequences. 
 They will have to answer before Ck>D and the 
 country, for the lives that may be lost I 
 
 30. To CHANGE ONE OP TUX PLACES OP POLL 
 
 IN THE CocNTT OP MissiBKOUL— This Bill was 
 passed on a petition from the inhabitants of the 
 section of the country to which it refers. The 
 Committee on Privileges and Elections had re- 
 commended it. The two members of the Countv 
 were examined before the Committee, and their 
 evidence was in favor of the change of the place 
 of poll from Frelighsburg, which is situated near 
 the boundary line, to a more central and populous 
 part of the County. The Legislative Cuuneil, 
 not being in any way responsible to the people, 
 took some whim in their heads;'and rejected the 
 Bill. So much for Missiskoui County and its 
 wishes. 
 
 SI. To RKDDCB AND FIX THE eALARIES Or 
 
 CERTAIN Officers of th* Law. — It is calcula- 
 ted that litigation costs the people of Nova- 
 Scotia nearly J£SO,000 a year, exclusive of the 
 time of Jurors, Witnesses, Clients, Bye-Stan* 
 ders, &c. We know not exactly what the same 
 merchandise cost the people of this Province, 
 but cettainly,we believe they psy too dear for 
 their whistle. A Special Committee, of which 
 Mr. Lafontainb was Chairman, enquired, in 
 the course of last Session, into the amount of 
 fees received by some of the Officers of our 
 Law Court8,the result of which was that the 
 yearly incomes of 
 The Sherifi'of Montreal, amounle 
 
 to •••}• • 9 » 
 
 TwoProthotaotKriev(eaeh) . . 
 Two Criers' (eecb) . . 
 
 Clerk of Court of Appeals (Q,ue 
 bee) •...,.. 
 These emoluments being^ justly considered too 
 high, the Assembly proposed that the Sherifi's 
 fees' be reduced one-third ; that the Protliono- 
 twiisB be reduced in the same proportion, and to 
 
 540 
 
 £1999 2 
 
 i 
 
 1900 
 
 'f 
 
 48S 
 
 1 
 
 •■t 
 
 ■'■1 
 
 ir 
 
 am 
 
 m-mm 
 
 .:if-i 
 
16 
 
 I i 
 
 pny jSlOO rp tbf Cilrr, anJ X80 to tha Tip- 
 ■InfT; the CUrka or tlib Peaco to bo rodnoed 
 by one-third also, and to pay £30 to the Crier 
 of tho Court of Cluartcr Scasiona. 
 .The Bill in qneation waa to carry theae re> 
 aoluiiona and ruforma into operation. The Leg- 
 islative Council, which threw out the Bill-to 
 compel public officers to pay tli«ir debts, put 
 this Bill also on the shelf. All Bills having for 
 their object economy in the public departments, 
 or cheap justice tor the people, or a diminution 
 of the burthens which they are now obliged to 
 bear, get no quarter in the Legislative Cuuncil- 
 Ali Baba would have a better chance with h!$ 
 forty thitvcs, then we have with ours.' Until 
 the waters ofiZatitca/ Reform be turned in on 
 the Augean Stable, it cannot be cleansed, pu- 
 rified, or improved. It is for the people, there, 
 fore, if Ihcy want cheap justice, to insist on an 
 Eltelive Council. Otherwise there is no salva- 
 tion for them. 
 
 23. ApPOINTrNG COMMISSIWEns TO I'OnCIIAtE 
 
 THf! Seigniohy of Lal'zov — A Legislative Coun- 
 cillor made away wit hover £100,000 of the Pub- 
 lic rttoney. Aflrr ten, years struggling and litiga- 
 tion, the Representatives of the people succeed 
 inhavingaportofhiapropcrty-^the Seigniory in 
 question, seized by. the SheriiT, to be sold 
 in liquidation of his debts. In order at the 
 same time that the jieoplK should have fuirplay, 
 and that the proiifrly might not be EacrifireJ, per- 
 haps for the special benefit r,f some other of the 
 tribe of life Legislators — for there is nothing too 
 small, nothing too vast, for their capaeious maw — 
 the Assembly pass a Bill to appoint Commission- 
 ers to look nftrr the intcrrst of the public. These 
 Commissionrrs were authorized to purchase the 
 property for the Province, shQuM they perceive it 
 about to be sacrificed. As the Legislative Coun- 
 cil ore not e/fc/ec/ to promote the interests of the 
 people, but nominated by the 'Royal Prerogative 
 to l0(''k after and protect their own iiitere«ts — to 
 take c are of No. I — they sent this Bill to sleep its 
 long 8leo|)|along with the others which they lynch- 
 ed. It is more than probable,thcreforc,the Seigni- 
 ory of Lauzon will fall to the fortunate lot of some 
 of our Lords:— or their favorites ; and that the pub- 
 lic interest will be but a serondary consideration. 
 This is some mQre of the fruits of irresponsible 
 Ijcgislators appointed /or life, instead of being 
 controlled by the wholesome principles of respon- 
 sibility and periodical Election. Our neighbours 
 at the other side of the line manege their matters 
 better. Logielatprs there are the servants, not the 
 Masters of the {wople, as they are unfortunately 
 with us. 
 
 ai. To COMM.«ll TBI CaAMBtT Canai.<* 
 This Important work waa andertaken in order to 
 render the navigation oninlemipted between Lake 
 Champlain and the River St. Lawrence. Tho 
 whole work, with the eiception of a >nile-and-a- 
 Aajfof excavation, dnd a few locks, is finished, 
 at an expense of £66,000. The House of Aa- 
 semMy voted £28,000 this year, to complete the 
 Canal. Tiik Bill was thrown cot bv thb Le- 
 
 aiSr.ATITE CODNCIL ! 
 
 The mischief entailed by the rejection of thia 
 Pill is incalculable. In the Bnt place, the £66,- 
 000 already expended; will most probably be « 
 dead loss; fur private letters pitblished in the 
 MontrealCourter, slate that the Canal is in mv 
 ny places filled up, by the banks falling in. In 
 the aeeond place, £28,000 is kept but of drcula. 
 tion, to the ijreatjnjury of the working elasaea, 
 and of the emigrant pepnlation, who, on arriving 
 in the country next year, will be deprived of so 
 much employment, and forced either logo to the 
 United States, or to Upper Canada, where publio 
 improvements are carried forward on a great scale. 
 
 It is a curious featar« in the affair to find the 
 Legislative Council, which has for so many years 
 Iieen vaunted by the Constitutionalista as the 
 friends of Emigration— the<fViends of internal Im- 
 provements— of Commerce, Ac, now opposing 
 the completion of this Canal, so closely allied to 
 the interests of emigration and of commerce, The 
 House of Assembly used to be, it waa said, the 
 great enemy of Internal Improvements ; of Com- 
 merce ; and of Emigration. Now, however,they 
 vote £28,000 for the direct promotion of these in- 
 terests, and the Legislative Council, the strong 
 iiold, and last refuge, of all that was for the im- 
 proveiDent of the country, threw out the Bill I 
 This truly is a novel way to advance the jmpiwe- 
 ment of the country— to encourage PvinMgp$ 
 and to promote the interests of commerp -^ 
 
 But, say the apologists, the 
 Mends of the Bill, " but the Gh>i! 
 bo prevailed on to recomiQend 
 What is this but admitting, that,. 
 Council is, as we have alwayf .>»j[| 
 try tool,the syrophtntic slavctthe ji^ 
 of the Executive. If they weite 
 Bill, why did they not pass it, «d<) tbrpWit^n 
 the Governor the responsibility of vetoing it 1 
 They have chosen to come lietween the Governor 
 end that responsibility. For the consequences, 
 the country holds them therefore responsible. 
 Thky. have written themselves down Slavpf. 
 They can never at any futifre period pretend to ' 
 t>e an independent branch of the Legislature. 
 
 But it seems that the Qovern<>r would not re- 
 commend the measure becauee "there waa no 
 
 C 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ! ■ ; 
 
 .1, 
 
 l.._.K. 
 
 ,;^gjgfil''fy^^- 
 
 
IT 
 
 -' ^ To coMPLari twi CuiiatT CAiuti.— 
 Tl^ii impofiant «roHi wm undertaken in order to 
 ttnfin l|^«nfkV.i|«tiifii.i^i\iotfnui)M bf>tw«en L^\t 
 CluuntfWVi Mid Mm RLv«ii St, ^^wrc^p^a. T^ 
 Kboto work, wild, kko oxfceplion of a nilt'ond-a- 
 halfotnf^ttion, and a fliw locke, ia iniabed, 
 at an eipen^ ot £66,000. The ^ouae of A*- 
 armbly voted. £98,000 thia yal^r, to complete the 
 CaMl> TWB Bill wmti^iiow^ wi s.r rnz, L«- 
 
 OI8LATIVB COONCU. I 
 
 The miachief entailed by the ejection of thia 
 Btn ia incalralabte. In the fir«^ place, the £66^- 
 QOO aSna^dy expended, w.ill nont prob^bjly be a 
 4load Waa; tpr private l«it«Da^ pmUKafaied in ti|e 
 MantcealC»unier, atata thai the Caoatia in na- 
 ny pkioea filled up, by the banka Atliing in. ^ 
 the aec«^d place, £it8,00Q ia.Kept out of circula- 
 Mvn, to the grc«(t inj/qry oC tile wqrUng; clasa^, 
 andoClheeqaigraot population,^ who, on anrivins 
 in the country next year, wilL be deprived of ao 
 much employinent, and fotced either to go to the 
 United Stfitf, at (u Uppec QaaitdA, wbgnre publfo 
 tmpnqveairata aae mirried fitrward'On a gitei^t^^^qate. 
 Itia acuriousfaaturo in the ai&ir to find the 
 liPgiahtive Couooil, which have for ap many years 
 been vaunted Iiy the Conatiti^llonaliala aa the 
 fj^ieiMla of Eniigrat^— 4b«| ftienda of lnt<;^al Im- 
 proyctnenie— of Commence, Ok., now opposing 
 tikc completion of this Canal, ao closely allied to 
 (he interests of emigration and of commerce. The 
 HaHae of Aasembly iirad to be, it waa aaid, the 
 gpreat enea\y of Internal improvements; of Com- 
 . nietce ; and of Elmigration. Now, however, it 
 vata*£38,000-for the direct prumotioa of thc^e in- 
 (eceM, and the Legialative Council, the atrong 
 bold, and last refuge, of all that was for the, iqi- 
 yfovement of t^^e oouotry, thrAW out the Bill ! 
 |» truly is a noroii way to advance the iinpi».ve- 
 liiv «>imtry — to encourage «niigration, 
 I the inlercsta of commerce. 
 
 ^logists, the Council; w^re 
 " but thei QovoKoot cuuld. not 
 ^^ ^ rapuinmaiy. the avasuxe." 
 t«ii| Ifbrilfitag tliat the Lr^iatative 
 a|i^ya aas^rted, t^e pal- 
 t alave.the im|{0tem.acrran, 
 , v<L If they weie fnanda of t|ie 
 '^% ^M^Al'they not para it, and throw upon 
 .^ the' Qovemor the reaponsibility of vetoing- it ? 
 They have choaen to come between the Qoyernor 
 a«d tha^ BBsponsitulity. l^ojt thp. ctii^sequences, 
 ths. eounlry holda them; tbemforpL i9fijai)ne>.M^* 
 They have wrtlteik themselvea. down 9(.avxs. 
 They ca» never at any. filtare perii)d:pr$«tend to 
 be anindependeat branch of the LegialHtuti^. 
 
 But itaeemathat the Qomaot would not n> 
 commend the measure because " tj^te ^^if no 
 3 
 
 apars nwMy in th»«hesti.*' But (he Ml pnxided 
 fcsthiacontingMoy. There was a oiauae WfMliar' 
 iai«( thatt^ aaiouati may k» bp m as a e d i en the 
 4r«<M> ^the ^ropfiice. If theoa viae no. Boney 
 in (be piibUf oheat, th* work ounid stiUi be carried 
 QQ, foB Ibe naqeaaary; fiiiide could: eaaily bf bor- 
 tomml But.tbe apologiata mplyt Ui^ clauae was 
 introduced " imttnllonaay to dfeftat the objeet^" 
 Of the '* imteotiona" ofitiie AsteoiMy weean only 
 judge Iv theif a^, mmIt eeataickiy it: m».% cMikws 
 «iay to d^eai, the oomplriMn of tjii|» Canal, to 
 gledgQ; tlm credit of, th^ Vrotunc^ ^ the Q%-pay- 
 l||en|,of,tjie money to bfi bqrtowod for tb^qbjqct, 
 Upptt Canadu ip wfiXag ihivSt,1yf>n;eae<i Qanal, 
 and for that object borrowed on her credit.iff KrJy 
 haif-a-milliRn. 'Vyaa this plan adopted also " in- 
 tentionuUy" to defeat the object of that Bill, 
 What the " intentiona" of the Legialature wefe 
 in authorising the loan^ we cannot aa> , and do 
 not care. Alt we aee and know ia, thA the Cana| 
 is making, and if our Legislative Council had 
 but sanctioned the Bill, aiid- thus permitted the 
 money to be borrowed, no deubt the Cbaiobly Ca- 
 nal would' be completed, whatever the ''inten- 
 tions" of the Aasentbly were. .'As it is, the Can- ' 
 ^ ip ruined- hj^ th9i ser^fUty MfiMw, VS^'^^'v^ 
 Council, and tlieir hatred of; the. people, over 
 whom they ride rampant. We have no need.'pf 
 enquiring what tlieir " intf qtiona" Vfete, \lf e 
 have, their ac<^ to Judgp Iheiq by^ Ip^tnad^oftlie 
 Ch«^inW/ Canal beipgasp.vrcf» ofj^pl^^a^dllRQpr 
 to tde Province, it ia. con*£rled>inta a aeoument 
 of diagrnce to the Legialative. Geunoil^ and'ari ad- 
 ditional ari^ument of the necessity of rendering 
 that body EpKCTjv^, 'Vyiera t^ey once reaix^nai- 
 bia tM.thp He«p)e, theynW^^ iip^^4i^t|i|,if|fii|(.tiie 
 community by au(b. tricks, qruperiBBAntaAnoiir 
 patience, as they have made during iast-sessieo. 
 
 25. To CONSTRUCT A DA>f , AND I^CK AT StT. 
 
 QuBB.— Tll|i« was ano^tie; intejrn^.l.irpjpioveiqfpt 
 smothered liy our Lifeif9g|a^qfa7-qu;, l^rfU 
 and. T^BlHuasters, Th« Myv -HitMiai, for cer> 
 tain raoiitba in, the year, is not navigable, ibr 
 steamboats and other' river craf|. It waa jMtopb- 
 aed to build a^P^m acroea t|)e rivjir^' iind, % Lo^k 
 at: St. Qurs_ apd, tf)UB, rei)d^r,t^xii^q)|^^i^;i9n 
 between Uw Cbambty, Canal audi the. Bivcr. 9t. 
 Lawrence uninterr«>pteddurin£ Ibe-entira aeaeon 
 of the navi^iion. For, this, purpose, £9jQpO 
 wp;)( vftteii, w^i9lit<«ethfr v»,l!ih,°4^tK)Q ah;eady 
 granted for the same object, made a aum o f £13,- 
 OpP, The LegiflJal^ve Ci)unci} Ihrevy, thf^^]f un- 
 4etitho,tftye, f<;V,t^^.Bi(m&rewfin^tba^'t|Kr *«r*- 
 «(<,tlM Billto. complete, tha (jbamhiy Qafwl* and 
 - thus affoirdedianotber-pfoof'of their gceat (kiend- 
 slUpfbr internal Iqprpvements, Eiq^nti and 
 Commerce. 
 
 « ^ 
 
 i,t 
 
 ;*■' ■ 
 
 smm^ 
 
11 
 
 ^,,:, 
 
 \K »■■ 
 
 
 
 tt. RspiAi or nviii^L CL^vnt or mi 
 TiNVRSs Act.— Th* only objaction to Uiii 
 Bill that th« apotogiata to thaLagialativa Govn- 
 cil can find it, that it ia an attempt at ImptHtl 
 Legialation. Now wa are not auch mra-wor- 
 ahippera aa to reepeet what the Imperial Peril* 
 ament doee, if we find it . tad, and to aubnit 
 patiently to it beeeuae the miaehief ia theira. 
 /Whatever iamiachievoua, or injuriooa toao- 
 ciety, or an attaok on the Conrtitutional Righta 
 orthe People of Ihie Province, we'wiah to re* 
 move or repel, whatever the quarter be whence 
 it proceed. With a diflerent apirit to tliia, we 
 would bo alarea ; ani wfaat'a worse, eonlfnlrrf 
 alavee. 
 
 or the injorioiia efilbcta of the Tenurej Act, 
 paiied unconttitulionally* by the Dritiih Pfr> 
 liament, we have already apoken in our remarha 
 on the JgmCa BUI (No 1.) lo wbivh we beg to 
 refer the reader. We aball here aubjoin the 
 rvmarlia of Mr. Rojebcck on the aame aphject, 
 •a (hey are to be found in the arlivle. entitled 
 " The Canadas md tktir jOritvaneti," publiahed 
 in the 2nd. number of the London Revitw. , 
 
 " It ia aaid that the Canadian* are blindly at- 
 tached to their old French cuatonca 
 
 When we endeavor to learn what these old 
 French customa are,' which ao much ofTund 
 theae enlightened friends of Canada, they re- 
 aolve themaelvea entirely into the tenure of 
 Land now existing there, and it ia the suppos- 
 ed attachment to tbia tenure whicb baa given 
 riae to the extraordinary outcry regularly rais- 
 ed wlien .the subject of^ Canada ia mentioned, 
 either within or without the Mpaila . of Parlia- 
 ment. The French Canadians wish, it is as- 
 serted, lo preserve the mischievous tenure of 
 landa, called the tenure eHJirf tl SeignewUt 
 and tbia rendera it abaoiuteiy qeceaaary to per- 
 petuttte bad Qovemment in their country^ be- 
 cause stich a wish is wholly incompatible with 
 the enlightened apirit of tho preaent age. Such 
 •re the aupposed facta. 
 
 " It would be well, in the firat 'place, to un- 
 derstand what the tenure complained of really 
 ia ; and aecondly, to ascertain the truth as to 
 the wishea of the Canadlsna respecting it. 
 Lord StaHlet, with that peculiar precision and 
 accuracy wliich diatinguisbrs him, asserted, 
 that tbere exiated in Canada a feudal and i>ar- 
 banMiai|yajtem: whereupon, ivithoutdoubt^ bia 
 bearera faociea that the system prevalent in 
 Europe in the jGfteenth and tixteenth centuries 
 now exiats in Cinada. The tenure en fiefi'in 
 
 * "Parliamentary Legislation on «ny subject 
 of exelasWely tntemal concern in any British 
 Colony possessing a representative Aaaembly, 
 is, aa a general rule, M«cen«HltiHonai.'*^Lo»o 
 OLVMSLS'a Jfistruttions to Sir Franeit B, Bea/t, 
 Lieutenmt Ootemor of Upper Canada, dstti 
 Ifowning Strut, Uih Dee. 1895. ,^. ' 
 
 Canada, aifnlfiea toothing like it — meaAiny nn* 
 ly that the Seigneur, like a Lord of the Manor, 
 posaessea an ealate, which in Canada ia ealledl 
 a.Seigneuiie, much like that which in England 
 is called a Manor, the diflerenoe being in aoma 
 mattera favorable to the Seignr.uri4'4 Under 
 the Seijtneiir, there are certain freoholdeta cal- 
 led cdifilairt*. The Seigneur, holding of the 
 King, nays him certain dues and fines ^ the 
 tenant noldihff, [for ever] of the Seigncnr, pay* 
 him a rent. Now respecting this rent, there is 
 no complaint. { The obnoxioua incidenia ef 
 the tenure are those of which we are now about 
 to apeak. Upon every tranamiseion by <ai« ef 
 the etniitaire'i " kMing,'' to use an Engliall 
 law phrase, a fine ia diie to the Sejaneur, much 
 in tm sime nianneraa in Ehglandia the caso 
 with Copybotda. The fine is one twelfth of the 
 purchase«money ; this fine ia tamed loiif ct 
 eenir;, , Besides this, the Seigneur, if he pleas- 
 es, may himself takq the land, paying the whole 
 purchase money';' this is called his droit de 
 rftrait. Furthermore, the parene [relations] in 
 certain degree, of the c<n*<tait-«f, have 
 also the . power . of preventing the 
 eatale going out of a family, if they pleaae, by 
 Ihonnerves' purchasing it. This is cslled tho 
 rttratl lignagtr. The Seigrteur has, alto, within 
 his Seigneurie, tb< exclusive right, under cer- 
 tain cooditiona, of grinding the corn of bis 
 tenants. This last power exists in many pla- 
 ces in England. 
 
 "Now that tbia tenure ia a bad one, we ac- 
 knowledge ; the Canadiana acknowledge the^ 
 aumo. ll is chiefly bad for the same reason 
 that tithe in England ia bad. It taxes impruve- 
 ment. But because the tenure is a bad one,that 
 ia no reason for robbing the Seigneur, by de- 
 priving him of his ri"hts without a fail* compen- 
 aatioir ; neither would it justily the interferanca 
 of peisoNS ignorant of the lawa of Canada, who 
 by their ill-judged endeavors to remedy (he 
 evil, would create one yet more mischievous. 
 The Canadians, by their representotivwL^y 
 that they are exceedingly dosiroua ot remnmiir 
 this tenure of land a beneficial ten^^^ 
 willing, and even desirous, to de| 
 endeavors to that end ; but 
 ously deprecate the interfetei 
 Legisloture ia auch niatteii^ 
 the ignorant attempts of '"" 
 side of the otiantio, they 
 
 t The Seigneur ha« . 
 kind, like the Lord of^ 
 Stanley seemed to sub] 
 a Judge as well as Land 
 alao to remark that the SaigniM' _ .--_^^ . __ 
 the French law, if be have any ^vtihlflMiikinia" 
 conceded, to concede a certain portion of ir; 
 on demand, and at a certain ouit rent, to auch . 
 persons ss inay require to settle on it. The 
 proprietor of frco and common- aoecage landa 
 la not under the aame obligation. 
 
 t Except in Seigneoriea held by Engliah 
 Seigneurs, where the rent [cent et rtntts] ex- 
 acted are excefsively high, and oppreasivato 
 
 cited.— jBditor. 
 
 •iiPktiuvjua 
 
 -■■ I -I'. - 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 ca 
 
 
 .«> ,i«« W MMMymw*i 
 
i* 
 
 tfit powvr of tflitetinff th« end ' deaircd. The 
 CM* ci th« tilheain EniURd h one praeiaaly 
 •natiwtouk ti> tbii of iKalcnur* ttifitj iitCaDadak 
 Tlia Ensliab dani«n«l a change ol'Ibia proparty ; 
 Vha LagtaldtQre dciira to chani* it { but, it la 
 aaid that thare are great diflicliltiea conncotad 
 wilh*^* anbject, and iherarore delay haa ariaeu. 
 The eaaa haa been prvciicly the aaue.in Cann* 
 da. The tenure tn /t</, be it reiQanibercd, ia 
 not obnoxiuua on the additional ground of be- 
 ing a-tos flir acrvice, which in eo^e caiea ia 
 not deaired and in uthcra not rendered ; thero- 
 fore, in tliis caae, there ia not the atroiig and 
 preaiing reaion fur iniinediatdy changing it, 
 which esiata in the oaae of tithea. Moreover, 
 the great body of live people are vriiling. that 
 their U«pre8«ntative«.8|Kiuld act with care, and 
 without naata ; ihov do nut praaa ihem to hurrv 
 oil a change ; they are wilhng to w.it until all 
 precDuliona ahnllnut'e been taken tu tender the 
 change efficient and beneficial Dut suppoio 
 that some one atiouid at^ to iho^t the duiuy on the 
 part of the Engliah Parlioment ri-apecting tithe, 
 was a proof that they were attached to old and 
 iniKchiuvouB Inalitutiona; that they were wholly 
 behind the preaent enlifchtened tg* ; and that, 
 therefore, wa ahould aolicit the abaiatance of the 
 CoNOREpa oftheUNiTio Statbs to aid ua in 
 legislating on the matter of tithe. Such a pro* 
 poaition would very properly be acouied, and 
 en the aaine grouiida aa ought to have been the 
 interference of the l^ogiish Pariuunent in .tUe 
 matter of Canadian Tenurea. 
 
 " While the peculiarly enlfghtened frienda of 
 Canada ar< cont]>laining of theee Tenurea, and 
 attempting to remedy the evile ariaing from 
 them, they have by their attempia introduci^d a 
 greater miachief than any that could result (rum ' 
 the eziatence of the old Law. By introducing 
 the law of England, they have produced ao 
 great a confiinoo in jhe Law, as to render 
 every till*; inaecure, and fu/ther, thty have iti' 
 iroduud the tight of Phimooenitore. Thia 
 right ia contrary tu the prevalent fcelinga of the 
 peo|^|r<M Ahbrica ; it is contrary toall the In- 
 ' the I »nd, and creates disgust a« 
 if the People. . The Houa* of 
 ire, teel thomselvesjustiiied in 
 ence of England, and are 
 with bigoted adherence to 
 usG'they will not eon- 
 nt oftlieir Institutions 
 Id- attempt to improve 
 
 , late Counsel to the 
 since appointed to 
 if^/n the, same Department, on_ 
 IMd, on tlie S4th June, 182S, by tho 
 Committee of the House ofCommo.ns on Cana- 
 da iifiairs, touching the inconveniences arising 
 m the country from land being held under dif- 
 ferent Tenurea, gave it as his opinion that se- 
 riuuB impedinienta to the right execution of the 
 law would arise in a country like Canada, when 
 to the difference of Tenure you auperadd.all the 
 conaoqiient variotioi between the luodea ofcon* 
 
 ve^'aneinf , and between the rolea of law Ippl/-. 
 ing to a French ji(/ and an Engliah freehold. 
 
 Thia gentleman doea not apprehend any difi 
 Acultloa to a(is* aa to the law of dascent, were 
 the Canada Tenurea Act not to have been paa« 
 sed, and the law to revert to the atata in which 
 it atood before the enactment of that St^tuU - 
 
 '* The French law of deacent, whetheY conve^ 
 " vienCor^thcrwiae," he aayn, " ia at leaat in- 
 lelligible and well known. Supposing on the 
 other hand that the English law reapeoling real 
 property. In all ita etrictneast has been induce4 
 upon the socc4ge lands in Canada by the 
 Tenurea Act, the difficulties will, I apprehend, 
 bo found quite insuperable ...... I 
 
 suppose that thaCourtaIn Canada would be r 
 somewhat perplexed if they hud lo try a real 
 action, or to apply the luw of contingent remain- 
 dcrs to the lands in these Townships. There 
 is no end to the illustrations. What would they 
 make, for example, of a term of yeara in truat • 
 to alland tho inheritance 1" " Wherever Eng- 
 lioh colonist«,"aay8 the kame gentleman, further 
 duwn,"find any of tho continental codea in loree 
 respecting ther conveyance of land, they have 
 clung to it with great eagernesa, and have^ con- 
 gratulated themselvea on their deliverance from 
 a heavy burthen. This ia especially the case 
 with the Dutch law in Demerara, the Spaniab 
 in Trinidad, and the French in St, Liuoia," . 
 
 Mr. St^THEvia next asked, 
 
 " In those Colonies where the Dutch Iaw,and 
 .different foreign laws exist, do they exist con- 
 ourrently with English law 7 — No; all the lands 
 in Trinidad arpholden under Spanish law ; and 
 in Demerara, and the Cape, under Duteh law. 
 This applies even to laada granted by the King 
 of England. 
 
 " Is there, any Colony in which the same 
 Courta decide upon questions of English form, 
 and upon questions aa to the form of any other 
 country 7 — I do not think there ia any colony 
 in which the Engliah law exists coitcurrently 
 with a foreign law. Each form may come into 
 question in the Courts, incidentally, and indi- 
 ^rectly, but novQrasau eatablished part of tUa 
 judiciol system. 
 
 " Is it youropinion that upon all those ques- 
 tions, com|iIicated as they are, with regard to the 
 tenure and trnngmissjon of property, the Colonial 
 Legislature, wuh the advantageii of their Ux'ul 
 knowledge, are much more competent tu decide 
 than the British Lpgislatare '?— 1 cannot suppooa 
 any man, at all conversant with the subject, hes- 
 itating rcs|)ecling the answer to that question. 
 Except there be a well-ftiunded distrunt oftlte di»- 
 piisttion ofthe Colonial Lcgrslalure to do right, no 
 Itlausiblo reason can, I think, be suggested, for 
 taking this work out of their hoiids. They are 
 incomparably better qualified /or it than you can 
 be. What Htiould we think of the Canadian As- 
 sembly passing Acts for the improvement ofthe. 
 law of real property, and conveyancing, in thia 
 country ! yet I suppose they underAlafid our sys- 
 tem of Tenures at least •as well as we do theirs.;'* 
 
 
 i 1. .. — •- 
 
 fVueevMienceof J. iSTEPHKN, junr., C^tqt. 
 
 be&ie the Select Committee ofthe House of Cora- 
 
 ■ 1* 1 . .i »i 
 
'•^> 
 
 FfoatlM abovf opiakma ofgantWinen eonv•^ 
 ■Ml Urtth Ite H^Ooa, •ml with lite HOaartM 
 floomllM, txH «h» bMMtU dlbelkbioauM«l,t>ir 
 fMi|Miidivirdlk Ythtlift* AA by ttik tibperikl 
 FMlhnMik, Mb* HUk Uty \i* tMtta«d oflh* 1*- 
 elMmy HiMAxteli tblki^ itet AM. Ttkl !■«% 
 ligriMlDt «M iMMi » ijrtfvrty haW tab AMarb- 
 •i I AMnl MlitM>v*B U M» CoiiHa lw>rti tam hi- 
 tmdHMdi |tnnwnnttuM hu iMan MtctluliMl ; 
 mhI, MMHiUiit toMr> JitftdoaQAta, «ln E«vlbh 
 lKt>, with Mil towUuMlNtlbto »nd iMVicite " in- 
 d&nm*' hM iMb Mttoduead. It leiiV'iuX ta con- 
 iddtfred Mr4nj^, ttefelbre, if the rapnMcnUtivM olT 
 til* MUQlry Im«« oomplainad ui iImm onoMnilitJ- 
 lioqal f ncn)«cboMoti, knd •mJeavound to got M 
 •f Mt Act fttdrnti n g and aatailing w many anR«>> , 
 twiatt MoaeqaflMta.t 
 
 Tiw Camuilana ware told bjr Hi* Eiecl- 
 knoj tba Ck>v«nior-in-ChUr, at tha opaning 
 ot Iba laat aeaaion of (ha Piovincifel ' Par- 
 Ikmrat, " Mt to feav that there ia any deaign to 
 '* diMuib thfi fbnn 6f aoetety under which they 
 '' have io long been contented and pioaperoae. 
 " Ho#evtr different from tboeeof her ooleniaU in 
 "otiMr partaoftha world, fiogiand eannot but 
 " fcdteiia the aocUJ a Wrangemcnte by which aamalt 
 " nanber of entttpriiAng cbloniita baa grown into 
 *'agood, religloaa an.ll happy raceof Agricultur- 
 " lata, remarkable fi>f tlieir domeatic virtuea, for a 
 "tfhcierAil endurance of labour and |irivaiion0, 
 *' and for alaitnaaa and bravery in war. There ia 
 " no thought of endeavouring to break up a ayatem 
 ' " which auataina a denae rural population, with- 
 " oat the ekiateoM of any claai of poor." 
 
 "Tbafonnofaooiaty" ao long producing 
 aauh ooatantmant and proaperity, ha$ been dhh 
 turbed \ " tba aoekl arrangementa** have been 
 thittv^n into diaordet' ; the British Parliament, 
 , wa impaach oi " a deaijin" — of having " wt' 
 daavorad,** by thapaaamgof the Canada Ten- 
 ' vMaaot, to break up the ayatem ao landed by 
 Lord QoaroROiby command ofLord Glxnxlo; 
 
 nona on 
 -vTide alao 
 
 Civil Government of Canada. 
 John NEK^aoM'a evidence before 
 tite mna CobuaHtee.— Ibid. p. p. 80, 81, 95. 
 
 f The la#a which regulate a man'a property. 
 wMeh regulate the inheritance of hii chirdren,aud 
 all that, are alwaya dear to every people, they 
 muitbA very bad lawa indeed if peopto do not get 
 attached to thoee lawa under which they have 
 Hv«d for a oraat length of time, and under which 
 they have eiyuyed the eecurity of their property. 
 The moment you Ulkad about changing iha l&wa, 
 that moment there waa an alarm excited through- 
 ' out the country ; it would be the aame thing if you 
 taoced of chaining the lawa thai rbgulate anwarty 
 In England or ScotUnd. 
 
 _t>Qyoa allud9 to iJm AM cafled the Oanada 
 Tenoiea Aet ?— Yea.-'JSaidMcc ^Je4n NtU- 
 Ban, Stq. dq^wMa eanamnjmmmm, iVK. 
 
 and wliilat tWy peraiat in ralainhig that Law 
 •n(iM8«atMlaBouk,llMir frafaMaata ^IH ba 
 flbnaUUMI tk tk* ipMlbaakMia «r h>pb«rtfa», abd 
 ivHl tMly fymiIKh ^obh bi ttelr ibrilbct»A]r bhd 
 dialionaaljr. lh)ie|r mean what thay aay, let 
 tham rapabl tha obnbaiob^atatatai irbiak Hia 
 Aniembly «r iMa !^b¥tW«b lM« ktfbmptM \6 itb, 
 \>utWttichth«Legiatariva Conbeil— the creii* 
 tura— the nfobibiiiaea— tha akva, af a Vidian- 
 aet and kollbw heariad Bcaaativa, hba pra^anth 
 «d thaeb from doing. 0»M add o«a» agaUt 
 hat tha repeal of thai act been demanded bJr 
 hamUa petitioaa bbfh by tha paopia and thak 
 Rapraaantativea. In ratani for UMlt prayaib, 
 thay gat Itibuthfbia of bbmabnibt pVbfoniona, 
 which only expaaa the diabobeai]^ ai that Cabi* 
 net and QovarnaMM whioh can readily maka 
 
 them but aanwot'ba get to a«t ttp'tO ^1**^ *'>*y 
 profeaaa. 
 
 A cry, wa know, haa bean raiaad fa^ Iha p»- 
 litieal enomiea of tha Abaambly, that by Iba 
 lapaalofthiaaetthcy Kriahtfd t« dianga tba 
 Tettu'ra bf Prea and Common Socobga 
 Landa in Iha Townabipa into that under which 
 Landainiha Seigneariea are held. Nalbmg 
 can be biora fataa than thia iccuaattoft. 'In 
 the firat place tha Canada Tehurea ^ct doea 
 not alAfct Jhb Tettttra of Tree and Common 
 Soccage Landa in thh Province at aU. Ite 
 proviaiona apply ta tha Saigneurial Land*, fha 
 Tenure of which it ia thereby intended to con- 
 vert into that of Free and Common Soccage. 
 It waa for the Seigaeurial Landa it waa paa- 
 aed, and not for thoae held in Free and Com- 
 mon Soccag'e. The Free and Common Soc- 
 cage Tenure was eaUbliahed long MMifa tha 
 aiisteneeofthatact. It exiattlil^^j||||JWy 
 auch atatuta waa on tha 
 there is a aimilar Tenarii'i 
 The repeal ot that act ill 
 any way aflRsct Frea 
 Lands. Under thabi^l 
 could be more fall 
 nothing more 
 the assertions which tit 
 aembly have made, that ■ 
 Canada Tenurea Act it wa#.\ 
 tha Tenuia of tha Townahip Lands from Piaa 
 and Common Soccage into that under which 
 Landa in tha Seigneuriea arc held ■ The peo- 
 ple of the Townthips are contented and happy 
 iinder the Soccage Tenure, and demand no yl* 
 feratlont therein. Tha aania freedom of opin- 
 Ibb— (ha aame prhrilega of judging what ia for 
 ui«ir good, which ihtj donaad ano^ pouwas, 
 
 ..*< 
 
 •If 
 
 ^ ', ^■ 
 
 Mi 
 
t« 
 
 MtUw 
 
 kM,itld 
 »ti> iihd 
 ••y, Ut 
 
 Idtd^d, 
 
 » er«ft« 
 
 dMioii- 
 
 fmfttttu 
 
 *t mgtAh 
 
 ■d thitr 
 
 »r«nion«, 
 
 lat CM' 
 
 J iimIw 
 
 hat thty 
 
 fnm Pm« 
 
 der which 
 The peo> 
 md happy 
 tnd no ui- 
 n of opin* 
 hat ii for 
 i 
 
 
 tlMCtMdliM^Mltt. TkM ilk tb« Alfl Md 
 ■■di n iirfcod ttU n — tad pMMMio* «f «iMt 
 Tmum aad •yal«n W kw D^lJi wfcidi lk«| Art 
 aeqmiatod, Mid " aadw «Hii«h llM|r kaVo kMh 
 ■o Uaf( flontwiUrf akd pwifar— a," oadaia 
 thay ara-nawiiliog !• diatiirk aHMra hi liRir 
 propartjr, they demand thai Ihaf b« B«t dia^ 
 larbad hy athara in tba paaaaaaian of tfiairt* 
 Tbia ia but Jaatica. " Of tbair lova of bocom* 
 "aion,ofTaaara%and all •tbara baariofon 
 " tbair domaatlo and paraonal condUioiii'* aaya 
 Mr. JaHBMia, laU ▲tl«riMy*aMaT«l of 
 tha laland ol Maaritiua, apaakiag af tba lnbab> 
 iUnU of that aooiant Francb CoUoy— *• that ia 
 " b«at whicfi plaaaaa baat ; Ut than than ralain 
 *' thaira aa lanf aa (bay tbiuh propar. Evatjr 
 ** atrangar acttling panaaii^ntly in a ooonlry ia 
 '* bound to coocedo nueh, and mafca bimielf 
 .*' auffipiently aoqvaiotod with «ba praotioaa and 
 *f uaagat of thateovntry.'^ Thaaana aantimeDta 
 do wa echo in raitard to tha Lawa «f Sofioaa- 
 aion and Tanura io tbia Pfovinoa ; that ia bakt 
 %bioh plaaaaa baat | lat tha Conodiama thara- 
 foro ratain thaira aa lonf aa tbay think prbpar. 
 Should any inparfaotioaa axiat, no doubt thay 
 who ara moat intoraated will aoonaat diwovfer 
 tham, and ba tba firat to raaovo than for tbair 
 own aakaa. t9 thia howavar Iharapoal of tba 
 Canadktaoaraa Act mast ba a preliminary 
 itap, fbr ao long aa that ia on the Statute Book, 
 (here ia no aaeurity against further unoonstitu* 
 lional anoroachment — there ia no aaeurity •• 
 ■gainat Airther unconstitutional Legialation an 
 tha part ofGreat Britain. The evil consequan- 
 can of thia, aa regards the Tanurea in 
 j^SlSlf Pnirincs^ we have endeavored to point out 
 •t of our ability in the preceding re- 
 Hq^o trust they will sufficiently explain 
 ~ Itftaaona which the Assembly of 
 ilmi for introducing and passing 
 •ration. The aeeurity of 
 ft and of their own indo- 
 le The - aama reason's ho 
 t1lil(|t>|aUve Council to reject 
 
 l¥ni Acts iNCoaPORiTiNO TflS 
 tat* or doiBEc AND Montreau 
 
 '' Manieipal iaatltattais (says M. de TocauE- 
 
 *'viixa) are to liberty what primary schools are 
 
 *' to knowledge ; they bring it witfaih the reach 
 
 " of the people, give them a taste for its peaoeitble 
 
 ! . '* exercise, and praetiea in its use. Without mn- 
 
 -:v*'nieipBlinstitutJoiife, a nation niay give itself a 
 
 u:^ " ft ae guvem aaent, but it faaaniot the spirit of fVee- 
 
 V *< don. TiMMBi paasnms, awSwiuiiiy iutsr- 
 
 •* asM, ar »lm ehetica of cireMnataneea, may fiv* 
 "k the outlaid Iwma of imlapradtnca ; bo( ibo 
 " drapatie principle, Wbieh hM been Uriwji baek 
 " into tbo interior ofthe body p^litie, will eoonsr 
 " or hilar re-appear a| the mitLeit." 
 
 Mr. Patau McQi|.i. ami Mr. Qaoaoa Mot- 
 TATt wan in ]897,no dcnlil,ttf ibe aama oplnkm 
 as Mr. da TtCftURviLta, for wa And Ibe former 
 gentleman propoaing, at a meeting of Magistratea 
 beld on tin lOth Dec. 1^, in the Court Houia 
 of this CHy, that a public meeting ofthe ciliasna 
 ba bold on the 41^ Jan. foltowlng, "Io lake into 
 >* eonkideration ib» propriety of pttAlonlng th* 
 *' I>|ifAatuV»for tha Inertporntloh ofrtia CHy tit 
 " Montreal," which motkn waa aacAnded by Mr. 
 deoRoa Momrr, and carrkd. Qn tha 4th Ixn. 
 1898, the Meetfaif Waa aocolnHngly bcM, Mr. 
 QtOBOa MoiTATTin the chair. Tba following 
 •eoountof Ibis important meeting we And in Uia 
 papers ofthe day. 
 
 '■' Mr. Pktsr MoOlLL opened the bnsinsae o( 
 the meeting by s-ime edrcsfirnl,J«die/ou«, and lueiU 
 observati6ns on ibe subject for their eunsideralion. 
 He dWrft iA a forcible meuoefr on the eavtrai ad- 
 vanlasee wbicb have accrued to oil m>s that enjoy 
 an eleethe oorporaiiMi. Ha inetanccd many riiivs, 
 and eil«d many authentic facta. He uroed that it 
 was tba duty ofthe dtiiens of MetitieaTtn obtain 
 for ibeaHolvcs also the the advantaKca of such a 
 regimen. Even \f there thoxdU in ifu beginnintf 
 be »ome Mght dtMeidtUe in the practice t^detaiu, 
 experience leould eoon relieve them, espvclnNy as 
 the eitiaena «xt«ld not but bo aeafous, observant, 
 and attentive in the conduct of a ay sWm intimately 
 involving their comfort, their conveniences, and 
 the aeeurity abd value oTlheir properties. 
 
 Masara. ViocR.PAPiwaAU dl Ror.LANO addrrssed 
 the meeting, as (lid MrdBoaoK MorrAtr. This 
 Qentlrman spoke with great good sense and judg- 
 ment." 
 
 Tbe Reaolotions which were adopted by this 
 meeting were propoeed by Mr. McOill. AAer 
 Iteiling the various inconvaniencee which were 
 experienced under the old system— under the 
 system to wbicb we ar>3 on tlie eve of returning — 
 Mir. McOiLL propoeed " that the mhabitants of 
 •' the City are tbe best judges of what ia necas- 
 " aary for the promotion of its prosper- 
 "ity; that in other countries, particuUrly in 
 " the United Kingdom, great public benefit ia 
 *■ acknowledged to have arisen from the mea> 
 " anro of confiding to (ba Inhabitaota of Towna 
 "andCities, tfcoeara of regulating their mu> 
 ''iricipal iiit0raa(B,and that tbe aatablishment 
 ** of an Elactrvfe Corporation for Montreal 
 <* would accelerate ita general impravement, 
 " tend to tbo bisttttr regulation *f ita Police,and 
 " oorraot what ia at preoent defective in tha«d> 
 i* mitiiattatkiM «f ita fiatsal eonceraa,** which re- 
 aolutiooa waro dfdy aacMided *iid tarried, and a 
 ftetitiaa to tbe La^rfatbra tiraAbd accordingly, 
 in the ooune of tiiu8, tbe Act cf !&C8rj>cr&- 
 
 ■ V 
 
 1/ 
 
 
 ■i9*m!H 
 
•9 
 
 tl/tn waa QrantnJ— tntl b' In;; alMnt to ^iiiir*, a 
 Dill V. • liiirMlitMd •lid ««iil up UtiM CtfUauil 
 tuimpruvs ii- TbUBill waa alioraii In aiMli « 
 miiinrr as tu >)• (o'alj/ unniaDai^eable. Saaing 
 lliin, lh« AKaaiiiiily rai«<d ilia Pill, now un<)ar 
 «:(in:*i<tflration, aimply l« < ontlvua lh« ««pir* 
 iiiy Dill, actlnji on Uia Mortktf and McOltL 
 (iriii. ','l«, lh«("lliacitit na ara Ihu b«at Judge* 
 oi' what i« ncccasary. to promote ihe pruapariiy 
 uftlia town," and lli^t ilia e»laliluliuiaitt of an 
 Electiva Corpoiation would aeuolerata iba gan* 
 t rul improvuinanl of iha city, land to (ba boltar 
 rnffulalion ui' ila Pulica, and oorrcct what ia 
 duiVctiva in tl.a managaniant of ita fl«cat 
 c'onoariia. Dot— variMm it naUahU* ttmfer— 
 MeMN. MvGiix and Mui-cait op|)oae, in 
 ISUG, whatlboy adtrnoali-d ao warmly m 1897 
 and iha Bill to eonllnua Iho CoriioralitMi A«ta 
 waa lynched accordingly. 
 
 Such ara tha aiirt of LegUIatora with which 
 Low«r Cannda ia affliclr«l. 'I'he aatonlabcd 
 Public, no doubt, would wiah to know what could 
 betheeauaa of ihU atrange inconaivteaoy ; Ihia 
 opiwailliin to tho meaauro of which eight yeara ago 
 thay were ao much in favor. Eight yoara ago, 
 Mraara MurrATT and McQill were but aini|ile 
 Citinna, amltitl'Kis of popularity, anJ dcpcmlant 
 on public opinion for any weigh! thoy, might have 
 either with tite Etacutiyo oraocuty. Now the 
 aame Qontlomen arc Ti^^ialative Counrillora /<»* 
 Vfet irreaponaiblo t ' tha people; independant of, 
 and uncontrolle<( 'y, pubJi : opinion ; and poaaea- 
 aing influonce with the Executive, not by vir- 
 tu<> ol their popularity, or iif Ihe rra|iert in wliieb 
 they are held by their Fcllow-Citiaena, for they 
 ari) above that, but by virtue of the aheepakin 
 mandamuaea which they hold for life IVom the 
 Boyal PremgtXive. They accordingly ccnaider 
 themselvw entitled to oppoae, in 1836, what they 
 aupportcd in 1897. Such are the baneful cf- ' 
 (ecti of irreaiMnaible power. \i ia not only the 
 cauae of direct and practical injury to aociety,bv' 
 it b also deatructivenrtho character oftheindi- 
 viduaU unfortunately iiuaated with it. 
 
 SS. CoNTINQBNT EzPEMSEB OF THE LcOI'LA* 
 
 TURK.— In 1834 and 1835, Lord AvLMSa re- 
 fuaed to advance the money neocasary to de- 
 fray theContiagent expenaea of the Aiaembly, 
 until that body should cover by Bill a few thou- 
 aani! pounda which had been already advanced. 
 Tilt Legialativa Council party aupparteJ Lord 
 Aii-HBR'a det .rmination. Tha House iolro- 
 duced a Wi\\ 'ii«t Seaaion to cover tlie Contin- 
 geneiea advanced ainca 18S9^ the period when 
 the Uat Supply Bill trte pM9ed, including tb« 
 
 £91,000 tJvaneed lUa year by Ola EicalUnoy 
 LatdQoaraao. Siranfa !• aajr, thaLcgial*- 
 liv« C<Mine)l r«(WaMl, !• paa* ih«! Dill to aovar 
 thoaa Conlingant Bxpantaa, notw)(hstanding 
 Ikay and tkiir parly, with Lord AiLyna at 
 tbair haait, have b««(> ao olamoroua about lliam. 
 Like the .S';Mi«r at th« trIangiA, there i* nn 
 plaaaing them. Mrika high or atrika law. If 
 the Bit! ia daif yad, thay become clamorous ; if 
 pasaaff, iHey reject it. Waa ever aaprioo 
 •qnal to thia f 
 
 99. To LIMIT THB HVMIBlior rAa«*'NOr^B Cvi* 
 
 ■INO lit ftiaaKta.— There never r ^ .. L 'I.thd 
 passing of srhich would ha.. ..u vn .e* 
 ceplabia lo tha IVtenda of ' irtani'i than .hia. 
 Tho qfiiaarioa ax(tarianv d I ' F • I 'rartts from 
 llie old vouotry, in tta..r passagw out to tho 
 Colonlea, ha< j bar* . i any— aUa in too ma* 
 ny oaaea,of ao '': n «... g and loathsome a clia- 
 rrclar, that tha traffic of traiisporting persona 
 to AuaaicA haa long ba«n known, aaya Mr. 
 McG.o ooa, in hia " BriHih wtrntrtca," (a) by 
 the emphatic cognomen of " the yohUt alave- 
 trade." ," A abip of tha woratelaaa," says tha 
 same author, " ill found with materials, and 
 " moat uncomfortably accommodated, ia ohar- 
 " tared to proceed to a certain port where tho 
 " passengers embark ; crowded cloirly in the 
 " hold, the provisions and water indiderent, 
 "and often unwholeaoma and acanty, inhaling 
 " loul air, generated by filth and dirt, typhua 
 " fever almost inevitably ia produced, and, aa 
 •• is well known, many of tho passengers usual- 
 " ly becomo ila victima." The' inatancea citecl„i 
 of the auffdringa of Emigrants, in coDs«f||pg-,(^ 
 oe of the -avarice and greedy |d|jftt|g|||^ 
 gain which prevaila over all |V-"- — -^^^ 
 manily, in the persona eng^ 
 of human tiie, ara moat nui 
 cite a few. ,„ ^J^ 
 
 ' Or^i vecscl under ISIIItiM^ 
 >■ .r dm Culonial P viS^U 
 
 
 Si> 
 
 ,Ho a car^ 
 
 o|/t. of three fiel _, 
 
 ** dock. Tlw) woaibar!^ 
 
 " auch, that for two •»«ek«'qH'MHi^H|^Bfn 
 '< not opened, at h hich tim»ummS9mBSmm 
 *' passengera became afflicted "fill iTniklirt 
 '•andr>ph,„. Thia re,Bt\, ^WWvSSt 
 
 waamaaappallin/;a atata as that; olany 
 
 " slave ahip that ever led the Coast of Guinea. 
 
 • The very aalt waa imprcgnafed or oovcrod 
 
 " over with loathsome filth to the depth of two 
 
 "or three feet. The dead, dying, and ^ick. 
 
 presented a moat ahocking appearance. Some 
 "died on the paaaage, othera in the harbor. 
 
 (a) vol. 9. p. 598. Edition, 1833, 
 
 • r 
 
iC« 
 
 *' r»rty thrn ind Ian ««mii w«r« •anl to tba 
 » Hoipital, of whom tw«niy dM-" 
 
 8Mnoa alrnnM aqual (o Ihia ha*«, In Ika 
 
 niei! )r/ of iiMity. occurrad on board 
 
 Emigrant Ships whiuharrlfad in Ihia Profinea 
 
 in 1894. N\ nooftr wiakca for proof*, haa only 
 
 ' to liuii to tha " Raporl of 'l>« Sanitary Cunt- 
 
 laittou ofthe city of MuntrutI u, xi Cholera 
 
 and Emi^iaiioii, (or 18J4." " Biij^b uf tOO 
 
 tona ara oonalanlly advorliavJ," aaya liia Aa- 
 
 port, " aa of 500 tona, and ahip* of iOO tona aa 
 
 . *< vaaaala of from 800 to 1 000 ton«." "ilia b con- 
 
 > " atani occurianoa thai iho nuiubar of puwen* 
 
 " gara «Aoaoda that which ahould be allvwcd 
 
 " to a veiae)| aacording to her re;;i!iior, or to 
 
 *''a regard to tha baallb, convenience and 
 
 *' oomfurt of tha people on board." Tworeaavla 
 
 •rriVed at duabeo in the year above mantU 
 
 oned i one waa of 440 tona, and had nearly 
 
 AOO paaaenijera, the ether waa of 34 J tona,a«d 
 
 bad 368 paaaengera. '*Botlttboae T«-«salahad 
 
 . bertha down the centre, with a pa« i^a ba- 
 
 .tween of only two or three feet. WtioleUm- 
 
 iliea o( eight ortenaoula were lodged in. a 
 
 berth, where they ware obliged t» eat, mving 
 
 no room elaewhere. The atenoh an ' loul 
 
 air wore deaeribad aa intolerable. A *roat 
 
 number of deatha occurred among the pa«< 
 
 ' asngara by theae vaaaala.'* 
 
 With facta before them of auoh a nature aa 
 
 . (ht-ae, the Aaaemlily would havu been culpn 'j|y 
 
 ' negligent had they not endeavoured to put a atop 
 
 to auch ahamefVil diirrgard and •aeridco of hum n 
 
 lUh. Id tho United Statea, a law baa prevailnl 
 
 B, regulating tbit trade, (he eircct <'f 
 
 that eufluring among paaaen- 
 
 porta4a never hoard of. 
 
 i known of a case of taiotit 
 
 lit to the Statoa from 
 
 apparent on board 
 
 ■g«p tho St. Lawrcncri 
 
 ^familiar to all, and our 
 
 k.jlqr ebolcra twice im- 
 
 
 PiNr «Nw takoa for theba> 
 bpMr. LKiL IE, allow* 
 
 __,,__ to every five tona 
 
 TMlibjM^^Min loading Vcaaela coming to thia 
 Province with human beinga.and for wiioae health 
 or comfort thoy care not « ativer *o long aa they 
 can ri^ake money, aay that the Bill would have tbo 
 eflect of checktng Emigration. " So great u the 
 "amount of tonnage now employed in tLeCanada 
 "trade," says the Report above quoted, "that 
 M ihoiuh tha number uf panengcra waa even Hm- 
 
 " Jifd t« one (br tftty aia lotta, ihrtm mmtM !•• 
 " alilf tifDrirr.l lu Iran<|iur1 a inater numhur of 
 " kliu^ranta than l^v« arrived at '.iiirliar in rlihaf 
 ' <>rih« t«% |NMt yeura.'* Tha Lfgialnlive Cuod« 
 < il hate with fheir uaOal Wiah to pfiHiiutM tlt« 
 piililic wi-IIWre, I iwn out Ibla humane Bill, Uit 
 wbat rroMMi wo rtrcvly know. It (^ aaid ku be a 
 ' iv.irite iiioaaum of >lr. Ltai.i('a,A thoy call it an 
 Btli'Hipt at y/";)cr'(il Le^fUtnlion. If tliry rafb«e 
 the Uill fur no utii - rvanwi iliaii (hat it ia a favor« 
 ite v.Uh .Mr. Lm. t,, \h«y [HOft iit'iat cuiicluaiva* 
 lywhat aage LrgitUt -< thry artv Aa (i*r (ho 
 /mpcriut p.^rt oi° tha ol>, <°tioii, wo duuU if the 
 emigrant i>r the <'i)l<>ni«t ^ •, c»tii mvnU mhvf 
 the idaueanu' fruivi ufliuu i!iu rapadiy of (liu 
 trader* ill humauAts^th. ao U, k a* tho p<Kir piks- 
 sennera' h#«li h wan tcctVti oml the Prii' ice 
 prcaervnl fc'in (urio ■! ih'»».i Hon. The ruth 
 ia, there ari wtneilit l.<<|[ialu ite Council who 
 
 cuiiviJcrit more their 1. <:. 
 of Iradcra and apc^ijUtorj 
 water, than of the peopl*- ' 
 ncij ia their Qod, and i) 
 au long aa they and ib(<ii 
 purKO or proe|N«ta. 
 
 30. Don. Dill.— Ti. \m 
 man blood. The Honorable^ 
 dian of all " affaire of honu 
 to keep qonipany . with the 
 the Paaaengera' Bill, which |i> 
 rity of the pub lit! health. . Oh 
 •It widuwa. aod orphana bi 
 Council. Qii. BLAdinformaui. 
 
 p; ct thn iiiten-ata 
 iht !<(>r aideof Iho 
 )iia i'rovinco. Mo* 
 >« nut who luircri*, 
 tlaaro unscathed in 
 
 iilhei flusiunofhu- 
 inciltxtjngtheguni- 
 'irew lhii«Billout 
 raniiiio law, ami 
 "ided for tlie,Becu- 
 "" Kratjjful muat 
 niir Lrgislalive 
 ut Dt. Sanoha- 
 
 DO made, in the courae of bin Nctice, asmany 
 widows and orphans na were »■-. niter the aiege 
 of Troy. Should our Life-L«f;i«< '* r^ continue 
 <Ae/rproc/ice much longer, we wo uotbeaur- 
 priaed to learn that thoy outrivallcn ta (heir list 
 of slain even Sanorad'o himself. 
 
 3i. CoMMiMioiiaof Lawye««.— By the pre- 
 aont ayateni, Lawyera bold their Coinmiaaiona 
 (risum len(a««)durihg pIeaBure,and are obliged 
 to pay 3 Quineaa for'eachoflhe aforesaid Cum- 
 miaaiona. This Bill provided that tliey ahould 
 get thoHT Commiasiuna fora few dollars, and 
 thatthtf objectionable tenure ahould be dona 
 away with. The Legislative Council put the 
 Bdl on the ahelf. It touched the pocketa of 
 aomeof the office-holdora, by diminishing their 
 fees,; and aa the Council protect the officc- 
 holdeia of;ain8t the people, and not the people 
 against the office-holdera, the Bill was naturbU 
 ly thrown out 
 
 Sa. CLoaiKo OF iMVBNToRiaa.— When a man 
 dioR, poaaesaing property, hia widow or esevu- 
 
 ,^- 
 
 I 
 
 f 
 
'<■;, 
 
 94 
 
 ■J-' 
 
 
 I ', 
 
 .■ / •■ 
 / ; 
 
 I 
 
 \ 
 
 
 ,■•* 
 
 !l 
 
 ( i 
 
 t J 
 
 i- 
 
 Ion M« nhligcd naw by Liw <o lM«e an luvcii* 
 lory made of M ike propnity by ■ NoUry, who 
 ftdministers an e&lli obliging tha paraoa to 
 make a true return, and not to otfnccal any 
 thirig. This Inventory w returned to tki) CouK 
 of King's Bench, where the peiaon (widow or 
 otherwiee, ae the case may be) is obliged to 
 attend to make an affidavit before the Judge 
 that she has given in a fair return, and conceal- 
 (ed nothing, and that should she at any future 
 time discover that any thing was omitted, she 
 will make it known. WeH, to take this secoRd 
 oath, persons in (he country parts have to corae to 
 town to the Ju(lj{e— some ^um a distance of 30, 
 40,50, or GO miles, at a good deal ofcxfcnse 
 both of money and time; and moreover, when 
 they do come, they have to pay a fee to the Pro- 
 thoQolary, for some writing or other. It was to 
 lemody this onerous and expensive proceeding, 
 that the Hill fur the closing of inventories was 
 passed by the Asspmbly. By this Bill it was 
 proviJed that the parties couki settle alt their busi- 
 ness without leaving home. The Notary was 
 empowered to do what the Judge does now. By 
 this means, th journey to town— thi. money— the 
 time— and the trouMe— were all saved. How 
 came the Legislative Council, then, to burke so 
 useful a Bill 7 Not even its apologists can tell. 
 They obiterve a remarkable and a very proper al- 
 ienee on the subject 
 
 AUfNPCD B^LLB. ' 
 
 Having disposed of the Billa r^ectcd by 
 the Loflislative Council during the h>at SeasMn, 
 wo new proceed to' tha n,eat ckas ; viz. 
 those amended by the CouncU, and coBveque»t< 
 lyloat 
 
 !• REiisr or CBRTAiN lUiuiMova Conore- 
 
 CATIONB. 
 
 8. EafCTiON or PARiauia. 
 
 These two Bills mi^y ba placed together, {or 
 in each the Council introduced the anQndment 
 Utat vaa fatal to b«tb. The Houae of Aasepi- 
 Vij, baa alwaya been th« fjdeod of freedom of 
 oonaviencc, and mainlainad that aU Raligiona 
 CoiiuiMiaitiea should b« o« an equality in the 
 eyw of tha iawt. The Legislative C«Dncil a^e, 
 on tb« other iiand, graat stickleta tint Church- 
 and-StAle, and a(?«or4ingly alippad ii)V» eavlkof 
 tha Bill* undet conaidaratiogt, ma, amandmeiit, 
 tending to recognize the Cbttreb of £ngt«i<<, as 
 T«« EsT^aLump Cborch I Qh ! atop • bit, 
 •aya the House of Assembly ; d« not be trying 
 (o get over tfaQ other Beligiuua Sftcifties that 
 way. That church haa already managed to 
 aeizo • tntnlh of the Public Lands aa Rcaeivca 
 
 ■r^to iMioiatvi l« ill fMd4iy wiaM. V«tt •<>• 
 fied with thia holy robbeay, i«a ftlandu ka tb» 
 Legislative CeuncH wmnH to giva it Aa po*rer 
 to put iia foot on tba neck* of -all tka othar 
 Ckurckea and ReNgioua Con^gregationa. It 
 oamiot be admitted. So theae Billa fell through 
 in aonaequanoe of tba <'' Church and Stated' 
 amendmenta of the Legislativq Council. 
 
 3. TmB hiraoVBMBNT or THI lifMtTRBAt 
 
 Harbor Bill. 
 
 Who haa not heard the hhtoryoP die famoM 
 Dredging Machine ? The Assembly voted a 
 sum of £3,000, in 1830^ to obtain a Dredgipg 
 Machine, to clear the Harbor of Montred. 
 The Hon. Oaoaac MorraTV, Member of the 
 Legislative Council, was appointed one ot the 
 Comntissionera. iln that capacity, he, with bia 
 contrereB,caHed4kr tendart to ascertain at whit 
 price the machine could be had in ihircity (48 
 horse power.) MesBra. Warb fc Co., ahilfbl 
 and most respeetable worknun, oflbred to make 
 the Engine and machinery for £ 1 M(K MesBss. 
 BcNNBTT and UBNOBRsew, anptiier reepecta- 
 bh) fkm, oflfered another ^stiroata, incladiag 
 chains and anchors to moor the vesaal, fbr 
 £3000. A vessel' to coceive the flaackio* was 
 offered for £ 1,060 oy. The Ck>vornor aaid he 
 was glad to find that the work couU be dose 
 in Montreal, and bmpowered the Ce)ni9iiaiMi«r8 
 to elose the bargain, at tha aama tioMi cjipreasing 
 a hope that the work would be in operatiim in the 
 apriag of 183^1. Inalead of ordering thf naelupe 
 to be mode, the Commissionen pateh «>p aotno- 
 thing very like a <^:k-and-a-hBlI atoiy i^toulM « 
 recout improveqient in tha Clydfi^' 
 advisable to posttnne eleeioji; thai 
 oftke Montreal nanufaclsiljj^ 
 tetters are sent toi Nw 
 Dftedjung machine '«)til 
 St. Johns. Lettei 
 andtbey^are iafoi 
 be about £3,709 to 
 tfeal maimfactNitM^ 
 sioners were only 
 in the fall ^f 1881, 
 ing the work. Thf 
 have executed their cpptr||f 
 year,but th« CommissioQaqk 
 a atispiciouB gunner, t^itt ^odk 
 on the firms, and they litad an muci^ buainois to 
 attend to as they could ^t through,and.therefure 
 very propeicly laf\ thegeatlaii«pQiGoiiunis«.iqneia to 
 shift ^jt themselvef. 
 
 Bepresentationa wera tkpn wade to th Legis- 
 lature, that ths Hjachisory coulil oot bf got in 
 this country ! ! ! and (hat £1,500 more would Le 
 
 
i' 
 
 9ft 
 
 i^t'^'- 
 
 t«4uir<Ml. ThM Mnt ««« ietioNlbiciy voltd, 
 Kod iptnt with a eiocplioA of •few pouiidt. 
 Thua Mr. Moffatt and the oth«r Comini«> 
 aipneri, stand charged 
 
 Vsf. With waiting several years in getting 
 Ikk Dredging Machine under weigh, when it 
 ie on record that they could have had it in ope- 
 rotion in the spring of 1831. 
 
 Sndly. With having sent the money to " their 
 Conespondents" in London, and getting the 
 work doiie there for a great deal more than 
 they could have got it done in Montreal, thus 
 cqmmitting a wilful waste, sending monev out 
 of the eoHRtry,and discouraging colonial indos* 
 try. 
 
 3rdly. With having thus caased a large pe- 
 *UHittry loss to the Province, besides the loss 
 which cnmaierce has swstaiDed in aot having 
 the Harbor improved. 
 
 TaUng all these matters into consideration, the 
 Assembly resolved that other Contmissioncrs 
 pbould be named to superintend the Montreal Har- 
 bor imprQvenient,for Mr. MorFATi',and his broth- 
 jsr Condmissiooers, had shewn themselves guilty of 
 grqes neglect of duty,and incapacity,ifnot of some- 
 thing worae,aad therefore unworthy of any further 
 public confidence. The Hou8e,almo8t every year 
 since, has passed Bills to complete the Harbour 
 improvemeats ; to finisli thoCluays and to dredge 
 the Harbor. According to the practice 
 prevailing in England and in the sister Colonies, 
 andto secure the Pnivinoe firaVn any further loss 
 Mf the misooaduct uf interested individuals, 
 ||||JBoBI|)Ha*iiti>*rs were named in the Bill. The 
 il,of which Mr. MoFPATT, the 
 ^ jiit.meiqber, have coastantly re- 
 'iflHtfa we have repeatedly 
 l^^oonciUor is in the case, 
 ftplafe. The improve- 
 Wjie coui^try, must 
 ily, egotism or sel- 
 .fhoukl be touched. 
 B|kgabbl«s about In- 
 about being the 
 |l.of Jomrocrce. For 
 theifnprovement -of our 
 [hy the vanity of one man. The 
 ,tA),'3r«.arik<Mr year, passed the Bil 
 Ibt'itBttifiilibig oar auays. The Legislative 
 CouticU have as constantly destroyed the measure. 
 Who then are the enemies of Commerce 1 Wlio 
 the Anti- Emigrants 1 Who the imiieJimcnls in 
 the way of Internal I«(iprovoment ? The Assem- 
 fato which pass the Bill for expending £10,000 
 in the City, or the Legislative Council which 
 destroys the Bill t 
 
 .».;; ■!• 
 
 «lT»t.-- 
 
 By the destruction of the Harbor Improv* 
 ment Bill, the Dredging Machine U nullified. 
 The Bill provided that the latter should 
 Iw under the superintendance of the Commission- 
 ers of the Harbor. Now the first Bill having 
 been d^stwyed by the Council, there are no Com- 
 mlsstonerd in existence ; consequently, the Dredg- 
 ing Machine will have to remain idle. Such are 
 the fruits of our irresponsible Life-LegialRtiig 
 system. Had the people the election of these- 
 gentry, they would not play this game twice. 
 4. Jury Bill.— By the common law of England, 
 the Sheriff is obliged to draw Juries fr,'. he bo- 
 dy of the District, so' that justice may .dmin- 
 i«tered impartially to the subject " by his peers." 
 Sherifls, however, in Canada, have not. regularly 
 observed this rule. They summon whomsoever 
 they choose to serve on Juries ; and tho oonso 
 quence is, that we artf yearly «xpcsed to that 
 curse of society, packed juries ; and the libeity 
 and life of the subject is constaaUy exposed to 
 suffer from the whims, the caprices, or the corro|.* 
 tion, of SherifTs dependant for their lucrative sit- 
 uations on the will nwrely of the Executive. A 
 state of things such as this is not only dangerous, 
 it is disreputable. Of such pioment was it to 
 have the summoning of juries discreetly andpro- 
 jicrly regulated by Ipw, that Sir RoBVar PeXL 
 devoted much of bis attention to the subject, and 
 eventually had an Act passed for the .im|)«itial 
 empannelling of jurors. 
 
 CANADA,bas ever been,with the exception only 
 of a few years, the victim of packed juries. 
 During Sir James Kempt's ^dmini»(nliMl| 
 an Act was passed . extending to the tt ev- 
 ince (ho benefits of Sir Robert Peel's Bill 
 Instead of placing on the jury whomsoever a ooi- 
 rupt Sheriff pleased, this Bill provided that lists 
 should be regularly and indiscriminately made 
 out, of those who were qualified ; a certain nnnv- 
 ber of names drawn from these Hsts \vere deposit- 
 ed in a box, from which the names of the jurors 
 should he drawn by ballot. By this means a ju- 
 ry could not be packed. This Bill being about 
 to expire in 1835, it was proposed to be renewed 
 by a Bill renewing all the expiring laws. The 
 Legislative Council amended this Bill by striking 
 out the Jury BiU from the renewing Act. In 
 1836, a Jury Bill was sent up again. It was 
 passed by the Assembly on the I6th Ftbruary. 
 On the 16th March, four days before the proro- 
 gation, it was relumed with the most aristocratic, 
 partial, aud exclusive, amendments. By these, 
 no person could be a Grand Juror unless ho own- 
 ed real estate in the city of duebec or Montreal 
 to the value of £ 1 ,000. Whilst at the same time 
 any tenant paying £60 a yror rrnt, could be a 
 
 4 
 
 ?x'liJ^..t.' A^tM.'-.t 
 

 911 
 
 " A ■ 
 
 4Br«Bi] Jwat. OmI b{ UtM* citlM, ^uali^rtl |)«r- 
 iions a^oDlU onn real estate to the amount of 
 £500. The inequalily and injustice or auch pro- 
 visions are evident to every [lerson wlio knows 
 anythini; of the state of the country. The quali- 
 flcatinns for petit jurors were equally oljeclioia- 
 
 bio. 
 
 Lest hov?ever there should be a chance that 
 
 etcn those amcndmrnts. would be accepted, the 
 Bill wascarpfully kept liack until the patience of 
 .the merabrrs was worne out, and a quorum no 
 longer rfmained in town. For Bcvcral davs the 
 rnfmbcrs did differ Ihiir dniiarture ff^oin day to 
 d»y, in -hope that (Iu> useful Bills wliich had 
 been sent up would come down in due time for 
 1h«r consideration. But Bering that llicy were 
 daily undorgpina the usual process of mutilation, 
 on«! that tho Jury 13111 was exposed to the same 
 prticees, the quorum broke up, I ut not until the 
 Ricmbcis had learned that the Council had made 
 «u<^h oTganic changes in the measure as could not 
 b« assented to. Some days after the quonim 
 lirvkcup, and when the Council saw that thrro 
 was no danger even of the n.v''lated Bill passing, 
 they sent it down with its amendments, which 
 illird almost as many skins of parchment as the 
 Bill itself. The inhabitants of the Province are 
 thus for a longer time exposed to be victimized, 
 citherin their lives or liberties, according to the 
 vhII of a Sheriff dependant on the Executive for 
 fait place, who is at full liberty to packjmva, ei- 
 ther to satisfy his Own, or his employers' ven- 
 geance. 
 
 5. Ambn'diko thk Act relating to Elxc- 
 TION&— On the 30th of last November, the Gov- 
 4fn6r-in-Chief sent down a message to the House 
 of Assembly, bringing under (he consideration of 
 the House " an olijection which exists to the I8th 
 clause of the Act pa^^sed in the session of 1834, to 
 regulate the manner of proceeding upon contested 
 £ieotions of members to serve in the Assembly." 
 This clause provides for (he continuance of Elec- 
 tion Committees after the close of the session, 
 «nd was recommended to be repealed in the fol- 
 -lowihg words : — 
 
 " The Qovcrnor-in-Chief. (o insure the rcten- 
 ti.»n of the Act, to which m no otheb bbspkct t» 
 there any objection, recommends that a short Act 
 should be passed repealing the clause in question." 
 
 The Aspemldy, in conforniity with the message, 
 passed (he Bill under consideration, to repeal the 
 objectii^nable clauee, thus comjilying with the de- 
 sires of the Colonial Minister, Nothing remained 
 therefore for (lif Legislative Councii, lul tu con- 
 . rur in the Bill, So fnr Iroin so ti<-iiig, the Council 
 proceeded to amend the Dill, to which IlisMa- 
 jPBly's GovtrniTK'nt drelRrrd (here was noothcj 
 
 objection, by sxtsiidiiig to ao-prvprietoM and e«- 
 tenuita the right of voting. It waa remarked that 
 co-haira had (ha right to vote, and (he olijMlite 
 waa made that this waa a privilege enjo^byaa- 
 ly one party. To countfurhalanoc it, therafon^ 
 thtt Bill was amended by the Council. Thiawaa 
 a niQst singular argument. It was admitting that 
 the Tories could not have, or did not leave " cq« 
 heirs," a disadvantage fur which they must blama 
 Providence, and not the House of Assembly. 
 The Council's amendment, in tho next place, 
 opened the door to a great deal of fraud, and fur; 
 nished the means of splitting Votes in a fraiidulent 
 manner. How many public institutions are thera 
 owned by share holders, each one of whom, by 
 this amendment, havinir a few pounds interest in 
 the institution, would have a right to vote. Va^ 
 riouA other objections' weri made at the time to 
 the amendment. " . 
 
 Instead of explafning tho nature of the Cotfn^ 
 cil's alterations, the apologists for that body conS 
 fine themselves solely to' sincerely hopin|^ 
 " that His Majesty will now disallow the un- 
 "just act w(iich it was intended to amend." 
 Why should His Majesty disallow it T 'Ft i^M 
 not the Aasembly'u fault if the wish^'oi 
 His Majesty's Government were not OariflM 
 into efTect. The Assembly, in oompt&'nti 
 with the Qovernor's Message,repealed the l^lfi 
 clause. The Assembly were told, at the aamai 
 tinae, that Hia Majesty had no objection to any 
 other part of the Bill. If therelbre'the viewa of 
 HisMajeaty'sGovernment were not carried into 
 effect, it was the fault of the Legislatire-Ooait** 
 sil, and of that body aUm: They ttwi^ii^^ 
 of the record by introducing: (fa< 
 and we have to repeat, tbRt' 
 the wiehes of His Mi 
 not carried into esa 
 6. Permanknt.] 
 TioN. —This Bill w«at^ 
 ot the seTeral «« 
 property of the I 
 which the )HiW(ih||^il 
 no corporate eziatitfBi^^ 
 cannot hold School iloi|if|| 
 and now that the Ed«e 
 expire, a great deal 
 
 which confusion and diffieuUyi^it ^ilWli'lilfi^ibi^^ 
 ject of this Bill to obviate. It waii'fei't^i^d'titi^'Kd 
 the Counoil on the S5th January, and retained 
 (here until it u as known that there was no lon- 
 ger a quorum below staits. It wa« relorned 
 en&ndid on th" 1 5th March, nearly f«v« «ieii||A« 
 
 #:va' 
 
 ^l!U!i» 
 
 \ 
 
 •a....*. 
 
,.n, 
 
 ttoki 
 
 •Sflrrani* ! Wbtt tb« ftmtndmrnia w«r«, it 
 tkunnaewMry (o •nquitt.TiioBiH hii besn •ant 
 ttf hitherto, SbMion aner SeMiqn, and eacli 
 Saaaion it failed for some reason or other. Had 
 lb* CouAeil been sincere in their desire that the 
 Bill should pass, even with their amendments, 
 they could have sent it down on the 15th Feb- 
 ruary, instead of the 15th March. It is evi- 
 dent, from their retaining the Bill, until the 
 quorum broke up, that these /n'end* or Ed- 
 ucation only adopted another plan to destroy 
 the measure. 
 
 . 7. Judicature Bill. — Year after year all 
 parties have been crying out against the 
 vretched judiciary system in force in this Pro- 
 vince. From the Court of Appeals, down to 
 lib« Inferior Court, " the law's delay'' has been 
 a constsnt. theme for con>piaint. The Bill be- 
 fore us provided fiAl^e establishment of a well- 
 regulated Court of Appeals, instead of the ir- 
 regular concern which the Province is afRicted 
 with at present, where people appeal from ono 
 Chief Justice to . another. By this Bill, four 
 new Judges were to be appointed, and the 
 Judges who were to preside in the Criminal 
 Court, were to be Judges in the Court of Ap- 
 peal for civil cases. The Judges who preside 
 in the Civil Courts were, out of Term, or in va- 
 cation time, to go on the circuit, through the 
 Districts, so that cheap Justice should be ad- 
 Qliajstdred to the people at their doors, instead 
 le beii\g obliged to come to town in 
 •^^\;^f as they now are obliged to 
 
 trVe Council made a 
 
 iiMoh the circuit ar- 
 
 Itbly was entirely 
 
 tacked to t!>o 
 ig thafthc Bill 
 i^' Ji^es Had been 
 Irhiii was !perl.aps unc 
 I^^Mk^nis that was over 
 flfihe Council. What 
 oflhe Word " independent '' 
 I' was to be iho authority, or 
 tribunal,' to'd«claro when the Judges would have 
 become "frittepenJciil?" Let us suppose fjr au 
 instant that the rider was agreed to, and the Hill 
 as amended had passed, and that it was to be law 
 when the Judges would have been rendered " in- 
 dependent !'' When was the Act to take effect ? 
 Who was to dclcrmiue that the Judges hnd bc- 
 r-ome " independent,'* and consequently that the 
 Aft wss in force ? Who \vn« to declare in what 
 
 37 
 
 s V 
 
 ;i\'I 
 
 -J'- 
 
 i'it>. 
 
 dohsistcd the " i4dsptndsiM*" of th«s« famiiitfMi. 
 flea 1 Was it to bs the Eieoutive 1 Thq clause 
 did Hot say. Was it to be the Colonial Otfice T 
 No khowing. Was it the Judges^themselves that 
 were to be judges of their own " independence i'^ 
 Deponent saith not. Again, in what was to con- 
 sist their " independrnce ?" Was it in receiving 
 their salaries from the Governor, without the' 
 consent or vote of the House of Assembly 1 In 
 this case, they would be "independent" of tho 
 Assembly. Was it in having their salaries voted 
 permanently, whilst their Commissions would 
 continue to bo during pleasure of tho Crown? 
 In truth there is no knowing. The rider waa ono 
 of the most unliocoming and disgraceful clauses 
 that ever maed from a legislative body. A school- 
 boy would havo deservedly been -birched had ha 
 written such nonsense ; and yet the legal exist- 
 ence of an Act affecting so mach the interests of 
 society was to depend on such unmeaning words I 
 Tho amended Bill was very properly laid aside, 
 if the members of the Legislative Council cannot 
 write sense, the sooner the people replace tham 
 by persons who can, the better for the community 
 — the sooner will the Judicature of the Province 
 be improved. 
 
 8. Sole Lgatuer In'spection,- -Complaints 
 were made to the Legislature that the public is 
 subject to fraud in the present state ofthis trade. 
 Leather, by certain management, being trade to 
 imbibe a great degree of moisture, by this means 
 the weight is evidently increased, and tho pur- 
 chaser made to pay for a pound of tea/et- 
 as much at> he pays for a pound of Leather. By 
 the Bill in question, it was.provided that Sole Lea- 
 ther should be regularly, inspected, and weighed 
 by proper officers, who should, mark on the hhles 
 the weight thereof. The purohaeer would thus 
 pay only for leather, and not be obliged to pay for 
 salt and water. 
 
 By tho Legislative Council's amcndiuenl,tha 
 inspection was permitted to bo " optional"— 
 that is, it was left to the option of tho seller of 
 Leather to be honest ur not, according as bis 
 interest was concerned. Why, they havo that 
 option now, yet complaints are made of fraud 
 being practised. Il was to take away the op- 
 tion of bein;j dishonest, and to oblige people to 
 be honest, that the Bill was passed. It is evi- 
 dent to all that tho "opiionol" amendment of 
 the Legislative Council just left the matter 
 where it found it. Instead of saving "Livo 
 Fieh," they said " Fish alive." This was all 
 the difierencc The Bill was sent up on the 
 5lh, and returned wiih this amendment on tho 
 15th March. They took /en days to hit upon 
 an rxpcdienf to destroy the Bill. 
 
 -M 
 
 W* 
 
 < a.><^<JMJk&..u_.w i^-'aMVw '< 'tr^ 
 
 Ill J.imUU I lJ I ^ > " lin '1II.JL 
 
■ jm«^j^ 
 
 ■■■.Si". 
 
 
 ¥ 
 
 -j# 
 
 •. iMtrsoTioM w Pot ako PtiHL Ashm.;— - 
 The Bill fent up by the Asaembljr provided for 
 the rediRtion of the feet nor* charged by theln« 
 speetor. Thalnepeclion wasfixedot 4|d, in* 
 stead ofed per cwt., and the storage was re* 
 duced from 6d to 5d. It was also declared that 
 Inspectors could not be Magistrates. The mo 
 tive for this last provision will be easily under- 
 stood, when it is linown that in ease urdispute 
 between the Manufacturer and the In*peetor,» 
 sort of appeal lay to the Magistrates ; in other 
 cases the Inspector had the right to proseeute 
 the Manuftctarer before a Magistrate, for in- 
 fraction of the Act. Now (here was nothing in 
 the Act to prevent a bfotlier Inspector who hap- 
 pened to be a Magistrate, from administering 
 jasiiee, or presiding ia these cases where hia 
 wnfrtn would be thus interested. To obviate 
 the chanee of such improper proceeding, the 
 Assembly declared that these Inspectors should 
 not be Magistratea. The Council struck out 
 this ttnobjectionable provision, so the Bill was 
 lost. 
 
 10. MoMTItZAL AND duBBBC INCORPORATION 
 
 biLLS.— We have already alluded to the bene- 
 Utto be received from the Incorporation of 
 cities and towns. So important haa the Re- 
 ibrriiof MuoicipalCorporations been considered 
 HI England, that at an early period after the 
 passing of the Reform Bill, it occupied the se- 
 rious attention of His Majesty's Government. 
 The Corporations of England became entirely 
 lemodelled ; their powers extended, and mote 
 oftbedeqMcraticprin^ple infused into those 
 institutions. At the Opening of the present 
 Session of Parliament, Hie Majesty in his 
 Speech from the Throne directed the attention 
 •f Parliament to the state of the Corporations - 
 . of Ireland, and a Bill has passed the House of 
 Commons to extend the privileges and to remo- 
 del the constitutions therepC With policy so 
 ivowedly liberal as this governing the Cabi- 
 net in England, it was to be expected that a 
 altnilar policy would be extended to the Col- 
 onies, and that the latter would be permitted to 
 enjoy the benefits to be derived from the tipera- 
 (ion o'the liberal principles which were acted 
 u^bn in favor of the peopio of England and Ire- 
 land. 
 
 With this expectation. Bills were passed by 
 the Assembly extending the powers of the Cor- 
 porations of CluebecandMoDtrcal,and in some 
 manner Duttinir ihoin AH an (innaUtv wWk lU. 
 
 city of Toronto, to Up^erCanidai The Leg-- 
 
 Islativ* Council M amended these iBUto, 
 ■cares •vestige of utility wai fof\ remainiag. 
 The qualification •fCoounon-Couneilmenirm 
 raised, so that no person could be «l««l«i t» 
 that oflice unless be possessed imisioivcaUia 
 property to the amount nl £1,000. The cfibbt 
 of (his single amendment would be, that sev- 
 eral of (he wards would be unrepresented. Va- 
 rious oiher amendments,;equally objectionable^ 
 were intrndueed, rendering the Corporatieini 
 rather aristocratic clubs than any thing elee. 
 These amerdmente could not be agreed to, 
 and the Bills dropped. In this dtlvnima a Bill 
 was sent up to renew the expiring Cor{)Orsllon 
 Acts. Thig wa4 rejected. Thus odr Citie« 
 are deprived of their charters. The evil efTeets 
 of such proceedingtob the part of the Couneill^ 
 now evident in on cities. Our Streets are ndi 
 lighted, and we are improtected by Watchiinl 
 Such are some of the pra^lRil consequenbek'ti^ 
 the insane conduct ofthe LcgklativeCoii|9«(Uof 
 Lower Canada. . i,,''^ j^^. 
 
 We have now, at the expense of mtich j^^aipj^ 
 and time, given the reBd<ra detailed ileflcripticm 
 of the nature and provisions of lh0 vaiion^^BiOli 
 which have been destroyed by the Legii^iyf 
 Council of this Province, in the couise of tb* 
 last Session of tbe Piovineial ParKament. TtiH 
 description will enable him to judge between tho 
 Represenlativegofihe Province, and those who 
 by virtue of their irresponsible authority, 4i««b 
 succeeded in inflicting so niucli,, li^Vi^ll 
 eommnnity. The extent ( 
 have already observed, 
 provemedts arres'ed; 
 generation put a sic 
 ject invaded ; tba ; 
 tho people of tho ^ 
 superintending I 
 fairs. Such aro,' 
 of having tnti 
 
 Tho ovil^M^ 
 are not of yesteiday^ 
 1821', it was nude a 1 
 Laws conceivedliy tbo] 
 theircommon welfkre; vr(^ i 
 cil. Those evils are stiii iH:^^^lj^'^^oiU^Wdt 
 but considerably increased, as the following state- 
 ment, made up fiom Parliamcntory returns, will 
 shew. 
 
 
 
uuu, 
 
 rainkiiiiay. 
 leilnMiiw** 
 
 imih«np«ifMi» 
 
 Tha cffltot 
 t, thkt MV* 
 ■ented. V*- 
 >jectiMi«bi«^ 
 !!orp*ratidni 
 
 thilvg ette, 
 ) agreed t<>» 
 L-niina a Bill 
 
 CoriiOrallon 
 I odr Ciliaa 
 I evil efleeta 
 ho Couneil 14 
 trceta atattai 
 
 WatchHtml 
 naeqaetiietklii^ 
 itreCooneUdf 
 
 n«ch iJM<iai|!|), 
 led^l^ripllQii 
 
 he- UfNOatiy* 
 couiae of tb» 
 iamebt. TUM 
 ;a between th» 
 ind those wboi 
 uthorily,^-J^ 
 
 MuUiHtnt ^ (h» numhtrtf BitU nhieh hating 
 ortgtnated in th« Hnue qfAittmUy of Lower 
 Canada, wen either rejected by the Legitlative 
 Couneil, or amended to a* to cause tluir rejec' 
 tion by the Aetembly ; exhibiting the bbefi^c- 
 Jtiwa character qf theaaid Council. 
 
 fear. 
 
 Ri^jetted bv I ampildbdby 
 th« COuiicii. I theCftunciK 
 
 18^ 
 
 8 
 
 1833 
 
 14 
 
 18-24 
 
 1« 
 
 1825 
 
 n 
 
 1888 
 
 19 
 
 t8S7 
 
 N6 8«U. 
 
 1828*9 
 
 16 
 
 1830 
 
 16 
 
 f831 
 
 11 
 
 1838 
 
 14 
 
 1833 
 
 16 
 
 1834 
 
 25 
 
 i8S$ 
 
 *J9 
 
 1838 
 
 ,, w.. 
 
 
 
 i 
 s 
 
 8 
 No aesa. 
 
 Total. 
 
 3 
 
 B 
 
 16 
 
 8 
 16 
 
 17 
 17 
 
 K 
 
 No aesa. 
 
 84 
 
 84 
 
 »4 
 1» 
 
 Toiala 
 
 816 
 
 ^ 
 
 L^J 
 
 49 
 
 86 
 
 I 302 
 
 )^ 'diiiiiii{|tlad> 
 
 bUowing state- 
 y returns, wiU 
 
 ' A jifctnit lioit^iiet io oppresaive aa ia here 
 aet forth, ao ruinoaa to the impntvement of the 
 country, and ao titteltiy inoompatible trith good 
 tfjM'iiHi^nMMilHMlEl ia no pnitecnon but a change 
 miMtfokiiiiMioii of that Body which haa 
 niii^atttbni^ ibuaed ita power, and exercised 
 it, nM'ftfr thV«d»mntaige of th« MltitiiatiU^, but 
 «a tha iniaQs Of p«rpetrat% public mischief. 
 I^ha fbiMhieVoua conae^uencea of their mia* 
 conduct if evident from the natlite of tAoBilIa 
 wbieh thoy have deairoyed. *rhe glitdual and 
 Msaof fh6«tt eVila ia evident by 
 iijlfeil fibove Uble, a^d ||>ats beyond 
 M deatruetion ttf kit pub- 
 ^|l the Aaaenibfy for 
 >#hoita it ia eltcted 
 iltiw aettleddowh 
 %io a cofifirmed 
 the only 
 tkttt ajfatemii 
 
 >iVai|^ted^ptopIe, 
 
 . . Billa aapt up thia year, 
 ,»4||(iliMi<« 17 expiring acts. 
 A'tibfTjuM the 17 acta which 
 
 — ,. — ^ _ -.iDlflVe Council, at by their 
 
 |iaj i | t i i « { «(lf.l|<tfWtl which continued Ihem, they 
 were NWottMbte for the loaa of the whole iccm- 
 
 -.{t.:a;:.'' 
 
 1 I.':- 
 
 imagine Ibat a uliaiigs in the ttmpoeUiea of 
 that Council, would'vbviale all necessity for • 
 change in ita Consiitutign. That experiment 
 baa bain tried, and lian woefully failed. For- 
 merly, Iha majority of (he membera of 
 the Legislative Couneil in this Province wero 
 ill soMm way or other eon iteclc4 with, and de* 
 pendant on, thtrExeculive Government. Such 
 a composition was loiidly complained against. 
 Other members were afterwards added, 
 unconnected with the Exrcutivo, and it 
 was expected that the two LojgiEl^stivo 
 chambers would be thus brought to harmonize 
 together. Whal has been the conse- 
 quence 7 By reference to the above tables, it 
 will be seen that More Bills hate been deatroy- 
 cd eaeh yiear since tht boasted chance in the 
 composition of the Council, than in any of the 
 preceding years when the inajorityof that body 
 
 Were the dependants of the Executive. 
 
 The truth is, this is but the natural effect 
 of irresponsible power. Put an boflest, a well 
 Mearting mon, into office for Hf<>, ihesponsible ' 
 to any authority, and he invariably abuses the 
 power with which he ia inveatfd. li ia the in- 
 faerfent concoroiiatit of irreaponsibility. Scverti) . 
 Mehiberrofthe Asrembly — ineii wh6 alwaya 
 Votcd'wi\ti the majority of their fei|ow rapreaen- 
 tfetivea— have beeta inade Legialaiiva Gbuh- 
 cillora, and with t«f« Ar three exceptiotie, they 
 have Ml gone ov«tJEo>|^e^ enemy. «nd vole in 
 the^Council with |^i4^^ctivo roaj«iljr, »a 
 regularly as if they hpl igav^ aat ih iny other 
 branfeh of the Li^dpis^ The ekp^iriaiA^ 
 l^aihid frbtn a knoinl^^l^lhesevartotijifaeta, 
 has at laDgt^convincf^iha majority of ih<l pa«- 
 |)la oCftw^rtasity of altering the Conatiiutiop 
 ofthi L«|^atlVe Council of this Province. 
 The charioiar of ^JHy ia utterly deatroyed. 
 The public lOttaBAJjiikiii it ia totally iinnihili- 
 ted. Duiinf 'iMV^NMaion, it was afibrd- 
 ed an Ot>p0rtlibiii)^ wPp^ving that lost obarac- 
 ier. The opportunity was thrown away. The 
 invaterata animosity of that body to the interests 
 of the Province was only rendered more appar- 
 ent. *the black catalogue of their misdeeds 
 has been only increased, and the dtterminatiM* 
 it now taken, that no public business will a^ain 
 t»e traneacted with that Legislative Council un- 
 til it is Nidreally rcinodelled andchanged. ; \ 
 
 «" 1 
 
 
 5V 
 
 '.f.i I 
 
 -■>.■• 
 
 'A. 
 
 '\ 
 
 
fit 
 
 : 
 
 ■ 
 
 ■ i 
 
 \ 4 
 
 *"* 
 
 
 [J- 
 
 , 
 
 ' 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 ■-1 
 
 if^*, 
 
 ■4. 
 
 • • 
 
 
 
 
 .fl'ritM 
 
 
 uit-. 
 
 
 '•» 
 
 AffAUAlflJL- .^^.i^'.i.,.^- .■,rt4<«*r*t-' vJi'-rr-uS , 
 
 Tabli I. 
 Li$t nf Bilti ptuttd by iA« wfffMmMy, *(fll t» lik< 
 Countil »nd not rtlumtd, 
 
 I. Bill fur appointing an Agent in the United 
 Kingdom of Great Britain awl Ireland^ 
 (Poised lAi! Assembly Jfov. 3rd. ) 
 
 S. Bill fur belter ensuring the freedom of Elec- 
 tions, by the removal of the Troops from 
 the places in which such Elections are held 
 —(do. do. Oct. 3U(.) 
 
 9. Bill to abolish the punishment of Pillory in 
 certain cases. 
 
 4. Bill to provide for tho nomination, and ap> 
 
 pointment of Pariah and Township Officers, 
 
 within the SetgniorhM and Townships of 
 
 ; this Province — {Pa$$td tht Mtcmbly Dee. 
 
 ■ Wh) 
 
 . S. Bill lo make the aalariea and emoluments 
 
 of public officers liable to attachment at 
 
 the suit of the creditors of such officers — 
 
 (do. do. JVov. 9th.) 
 
 6. Bill lo repeal certain parts of an Ordinanee 
 therein mentioned concerning: persons to 
 be admitted to practice the Law in tliia 
 Province — {do.do.Jifov 9th.) 
 
 7. Bill to amend the Act of the 55th yeatofthe 
 Beign of Qeorge 3rd chap. 10, relative to 
 the pensions of- wounded Militia men— 
 (dp. do. iVoo. 80.) 
 
 .8 Bill to amend a certain Act Ihetein menti- 
 
 ^ oned, and to make funtier provisiona for 
 
 making, altering arid Vvpairins highways 
 
 ^ andbrtdges— {((elils. F«6 29(AT 
 
 ^ <0. Bill to regnlate Mbtftidll Protession— (do. 
 
 do. Dte. 12IA,). ■;>;.*.; • 
 
 10. Bin to provide &fv]p^ reprinting of the Pro* 
 vincial Ordinances ^at^ Statutes now in 
 force— [do. do. ' >/*««. wt/t.] 
 
 II. Bill to regulate the exercise .tharishts of 
 LeiiPors and Lessees— [do. 4^i|ffiwa 5lA). 
 
 18. Bill for the better regulation <|^4)|e- formal- 
 ities to be obsetved jiiUie closing of inven- 
 tories — [do. do. •Y#t>|fn] : 
 
 13. Bill to rem6ve att wmwp 'witti respect to 
 the benefit of Ct3§(fM^Ufmn m oertain'ca- 
 seb therein menti«|t||[^[ife. do. ,/lfarcA 5th I 
 
 14. Bill to make furnHH^ provision for maii^- 
 taning the Court Hotisea and Jails in the 
 Counties of this Proyince-'KO' <'"• I'ee'- 
 
 15. Bill to establish a frpe Bridge owlr the 
 IRiver St. 'Charte8~[do. do. /any. IKA.] 
 
 16. Bill to regulate the administration and 
 management of the Fiefs, Seigniories and 
 olher Estates formerly belonging to the 
 order of Jesuits — [do. do. Feby. iOth.] 
 
 17. Bill to repeal a certain Act therein menti- 
 oned, conceraing the printing and distribu- 
 tion ot the Provincial Statutes, and to 
 make olher provisions on the same sub* 
 jrct — [do. do. Jany. 4-.] 
 
 19. Bill to establish a Post Office in this Pro- 
 vince, and to provide for the future man- 
 
 19. 
 
 SO. 
 
 81. 
 38 
 
 83. 
 
 84. 
 
 85. 
 
 86. 
 
 87. 
 
 23. 
 
 ageroent of ihaaamft— [ii. lie. /any. tf. 
 Bill to limit the number of jMaasngen in 
 ▼aasKli eoming into this Provins* from 
 Europs— [de. do. Jm$y. SO.] 
 Bill to repeal certain Acts therein monti- 
 01 ed, and to provide for the further Eif- 
 .cooRAoeMEifT OF EDooATioti In thts Pro- 
 vince — [do. do. F*b. 86.] 
 Bill lo prevent Duelling— [de. do. Jtfareh4.l 
 Bill to make good oartairt sums advanced 
 to meet the contingent extibnses of the 
 Legislative Council and of tHe H6uae 9f 
 Assembly— {d«. do. Feb. SO.] 
 Bill to prnvsnt and punish Slallionate— [df. 
 (lo.M»rek9.]f 
 
 BUI to rsgulit* tha mods of summoning 
 Defendants, who liave no kttown domlfiilo 
 in th« Province, in maUtrs 6fM<«l« ^*Hr 
 [do do.Marek9.] ^ ' " * 
 
 Bill to diminish tha duties paytblo «J|jT^ 
 bacco imported by land or by inlanj^Bsv^ 
 igstion— [do. do. M^h 1. J '' ""^ ' ^ *" 
 Bill lo provide means for dsffsvins tivit *** 
 pences of the Civil GflivfnitMBi of tho 
 jProvincei for the tinfie beiwaoA (h* I5t^, 
 Jany. I83e«nd the ISlHJdW'of the; stinlfli" 
 year, and to provide for eornute^^^cpsoaes 
 therein mentiortcd^[ds.*f. "JII*St(^*|^ 
 Bill to provide mora effeotMlhf ibr tlaT n» 
 tablishmentof a strict and effiowirt^iai^. 
 antine in the Province of Lower CalHwa—* 
 [do. do. JtfareA9} 
 
 Bill to repeal soi much of two Acts therein 
 mentioned, made and passed in the ~ " 
 mentofthc Uni'ed Kinedum ofj""' 
 tain and Ireland, os authe 
 tation of the Tenure i 
 Jl^y, and d tilre de 
 the tenure of 
 
 29. 
 
 30. 
 31. 
 
 33. 
 33. 
 
 34. 
 
 (do. do. JUarch/4\ 
 BilHu ar 
 
 imen4 i 
 dividing t^haiJ 
 changing oa^ 
 of Mi&«i8q«)dF 
 Bill to rediM^I 
 officers of tOf J 
 Bill tu profUHl: 
 misaioneratol* 
 of Lauzun, hi 
 purpoA;! thejr 
 10.) 
 Bill to provido fbfv 
 
 CbaMbLY CANAL-»f 
 
 Bill to pirovide for t| 
 
 and Lock, above the Vill 
 
 the River Cbambly— (</o. 3o. Jifarek 7.) 
 
 Bill to continue, for n limited time, the Acta 
 
 relating to the Incorporation of the Cities of 
 
 Cluebec and Montreal — {do. do. March 12 \ 
 
 Table II. 
 
 Bills passed by the Assembly, sent to the Council 
 
 and returned with amendmentt, 
 1. Bill to repeal an Act passed in the tenth and 
 
 eleventh years of His late Maj' I'.y 's R^-ign, 
 
 If 
 
/uny. f7. 
 atngers in 
 vine* from 
 
 ein menti- 
 irther Ev- 
 il thii Pro< 
 
 t, March 4.1 
 
 I advanced 
 
 ie> of I ho 
 
 Hduie of 
 
 i>nate — [<lf, 
 
 mnq'moning 
 ra domlGiltt 
 
 mv ■•;« .V 
 
 •Bt of til* 
 ft til* ts% 
 
 k e!itp«daw 
 
 mm: 
 
 « 
 
 on 
 
 i«*7.) 
 le, the Acts 
 he Citfes of 
 March 12 \ 
 
 the Council 
 
 i tenth nnd 
 '.y'a Ri-ign, 
 
 iaiituM << An Aal tat th» retiaf ofcaiuU 
 Religioua Congragaliona th«rein nMntion<>d." 
 and to make other Legialalive proviaiona in 
 the place thereof— (PuMecf the Atiembly, 
 Nov. II.) 
 
 Bill to regulate the qualiffealion and auni> 
 imninir «f Jurors in Civil and Criminal rAat- 
 tvn—{do. do. Fab. 16.^ 
 Bill to repeal lb* ordinance therein men- 
 tioned, coDcernioff quartering the Trooaa 
 4MI certain occaaiona in the country pariah- 
 «a, and the conveyance ofefTcts belong;, 
 inc to the Qovernment— (do . do. J^n. 1 3) 
 Bill tn authorise Pierre GUngraa to build a 
 Toll Biiiigo over the River Cap-Rouge — 
 (diKito^Du. 18) 
 
 Bill (0 make futlhar proviaion for the itn< 
 provemant and «nlargiBment of the Harbor 
 of Montreal and to appoint Coromieaion- 
 era for that purpoae— (w. do. Dee. 19) 
 Bill to amend an act theroia mentioned ro« 
 lating to Elacliona — <de. do> >/><«. S8) 
 Bill to amend the Judicature of the Prov* 
 i|tp^ and to extend, and jaoililate the ad« 
 UniDittratioo of Juatica in the different parta 
 .^ J^reof— do. do, Jan. 18) 
 A oiu for the further and permanent En- 
 ..^'i^g^MaKMCMT or EovcATioM.-(do.do./an. 
 
 9. Biff ooneerniog the erection of Parishea, 
 .x,n.|{^ UMh#oo*t>'^Ktion and maintenance of 
 >**lfilllir P'C'byteriea and Burialgrounda 
 
 - *«•»'•"* » ..... 
 ,tfrff«iBpend for a limited time certain 
 
 lyt^qil^ ^i>"."ii) mentioned, aa far aa 
 
 ^^reiate to the Citv of Cluebec and 
 
 ^ ^ 4^ -Montreal, and for preventing 
 
 'Mmlm(»^y «re— (do. do. Jtfarc* 6) 
 
 If. .]|^«i»:veatthe property of Pierre Chaa> 
 
 ifMtrMuaeum of Natural HiatorV in the 
 
 . PaWc— do. do. Feb. 29) 
 
 1^^ pil lo conoolidate, extend and amend (he 
 
 «f divera acta concerning the 
 
 of Cluebec— [do. do. March 7.J 
 
 *•-*-'- extchd and amend di- 
 
 Corporation of the 
 
 I. JIf arcA 7.]. 
 
 pection of Sole 
 
 iro acta there* 
 
 Inapection of 
 
 ■|do. do. JtfarcA 
 
 ^h« CfiuncU but not 
 
 9fthe sethGeo. III. 
 MM " the Road Act." 
 
 #lA(^i» ^o)i«eeoMrf in the Seigpiory ae$ 
 EbotdihHeni dite de SoIm LalcrHrre, in the 
 County of Sagoeoay. 
 
 Bill to enable the Juetieea of the Peace 
 andOfBeeraofthe Peace to repreaa cer- 
 tain proceedingaliaown by the name of 
 CAariterf*. 
 
 4. Bill for making all morlgagea and H^pttht- 
 
 3Mf apecial, for aboliabing cutturaary 
 ower, i>euatr( Coutuimir and for other 
 purpoaea. 
 
 5. Bill lo give effect and validity toaBill paa- 
 aod by the Legislative Council and Aasem- 
 bly of thia Province, intituled an act for 
 rendering volid'conveyancca of Land, and 
 o'her imrooveablo property held in ^frea 
 and common inccago in the Province of 
 Lower Canada, and for otiicr purpoaea 
 therein mentioned, to which the Royal aa- 
 aent waa given and fignificd, ailrr the 
 period limited by law. 
 
 T4»i,Biy. ';:,-,^ 
 
 Bill rtaened Jy the Governor in Chief for the 
 eontidertlion of Downing Street. 
 1. An act to provide for making, and main- 
 taining a Rail Road from the River 8t. 
 Lawrance to the Province Line. 
 
 RSCAPITVLATION. 
 
 109 
 
 Number of eitting days 
 
 Numberof Billa introduced in the Aeaembly 117 
 Reoet«ed from the Council, 6 
 
 . ■ ,■ Total 193 
 
 Paaaed, 58 
 
 Paoaed by the Aiaembly, aent to the 
 
 Council, and not letarned, 34 
 
 Paaied by the Aaaembly, aent to the 
 Council, and returned with amend- '■■> 
 menta, 1ft 
 
 Introduced in the Aaaembly ,bat not paa- 
 aed, 10 
 Received from the Conncil, and not paa- 
 
 ssd ft 
 
 Reaerved for the eaiifl^jf Downing- 
 Street, i 
 
 Kepeiil^ Standing QMfifllfwt mocTe di^ring 
 
 theOteeion : vl -. 
 
 Privilegaaaad W w Mi^i '^ . 3 
 
 Edac«lhi^V^teiik|^ « 
 
 Landa and ^^iMMHHM 9 
 
 Roada'and PuUW T iiipl Blii lii nta, 
 Ezpiring Lanra, 1 ^ 
 
 Private %illa, A 
 
 Hoaidlala and Charitable Inalitutiona, 6 
 Contingent Expenaea and other objecta 
 connected with the Internal D^rtment 
 of the Honaeof Aewmbly, 3 
 
 92 
 
 Numberof Special Comnittees named dur- 
 ing the Seaaion, some of which had power 
 to report from time to time, 11 1¥ 
 
 Reports made thereA-om, 104