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To our Wives, who make the liomes in which we live. 3. To our Daughters, who are to make the homes for other 4. To our Readers, who have kindly followed our pens in the past, and who may follow them in the future. 3. To thow who have good homes and to those who need them. The Authors, 1,"! !;:i 9 ! miioh for ub, iu the fiituM, vhich we were ch we live, nies for other our pens in se who need Authors. <'i PREFACE. This volume has been prepared for a given purpose. The supreme end sought in it is usefulness. It is a book o* practical knowledge. No space has been given to rhetoric. T/ie greatest amount of information in the smallest space has been our ever-present ideal. The preparation of these pages has been a constant de- light. The privilege of putting so many hundred important suggestions into a hundred thousand homes, to enter into the convictions and manners and lives and destinies of so may young people, and bear the fruit of peace and comfort and gentleness and culture in a million homes of the future, is gratefully accepted as the opportunity of a lifetime. ^'V:: mm I; 1 Tbe first eure ejinptomB of a mind in health. Is rwrt of heart, and pleasure felt at home. «— Youko'b "Nioht Thoughts." Home ia the resort Of love, of joy, of pearo, and plenty, where. Sopportiag, and euppo* tad, polished friends And dear relations mingle into bliss. —Thompson's "Seasons." Look to yonr health, and if you have it, praise God, and valneli next to a good conadcnce. For health is the second blessing that we mortals are capable of— a blessing that raonm cannot buy Value it. * Surround the siek man with the pomp of kings ; let his chair be a throne, and his crutch a scepter ; he will look with contemptuous eye on marble, on gold, and on purple, aavi woold deem himseU happy could he enjoy, even under thatched roof, the health of the meanest of his subjects.— Zschokkb. The fireside is a seminary of infinite importance. Pew can receive the honors of a coUege, but all are graduates of the home. The learuing of the university may fade from the recollection, its classic lore may molder in the haUs of memory ; but the simple lessons of home, enamelled upon the heart of childhood, defy the rust of years, and outlive the more mature, but less vivid, pictures of after years.' — GOODEIOH. I will not, therefore, believe that what is so natural in the house of another b impossible at home ; but maintain, without fear, that all the courtesies of social life may be upheld in domestic societies A husband as willing to be pleased at home, and as anxious to please as in his neighbor's house ; and a wife as intent on making thmgs comfortable every day to her family as on set days to her guests, could not fail to make their own home happy.— Phillip. f GENERAL TOPICS. :,:> t rl^i ■ PART I. HOME. *■ Mi PAOI Home.. 9 Marriasre 13 How to Perpetuate the Honeytnoon 15 How to be a Good Husband ...... 17 How to be a Good Wife 19 Facta for Parents 22 Family Oovernment — Fortj -two Hints. 28 Sagrgestions to Children. 27 Members of the Family 28 Servants in the Family 29 Hints to Employers .' 80 Mistress in the Family 80 Superiors and Jnfcriors, al Training Cihtldren for Given Ends 31 Choosing a Calling 32 How to Conduct Family Prayer. . . 88 Oraoe at the Table 84 How to Profit by HabU 34 Hints and Helps in Conversation . . 8.^ Good Blansers .'iS Table Manners 40 Church Manners 4R Introductions— How to Give them 4:{ Balutations— How to Make them. . 44 Receptions— Beat Methods 44 Visits and Calls 45 Hosts and QneatB 47 Weddings 60 Fanerals 51 Important Rules of Conduct V. ItisPolite 51 Amusements— The^ phobia Antidotes for Poisong-Snake and Insect Bites Antidotes for Poisons-Misoellane- 0118. EmerKenoie,?_How to Meet then. 250 2M 26!) 255 Emergencies— Drowning ^IH Poultices and their Application!. . . S69 Brief Cures for Various Disoaaes! , Ko Mt«cellaneoti» Health Notes. .....[ 288 PART III. HOME ECONOMICS. Waste In the Kitchen ^*]!^ Kitchen Furniture -Cleaning 201 Heaps and Washing Fluids 204 Washing Clothes .J05 Starching, Folding, and Ironing. . . 297 RemoTlng SUins ^qq Whitewashing and Painting , . gos Polishing Furniture ""^ Articles for the Toilet ....„..,.,, 3o» Birds and Bird-*y)od PART IV. USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. MiscKLUNEOL's. images 318-830 aio Rule<» for Carving. [ gjg Paste and Cements [[] j^^ Household Urnamenti l,,' sn m Home and Health. HOME. Only Man has a Home— The tired lark sinks in the eveninff bS^nllA^r ^ '^IT'^ "*'*' *'?'^.^«"«" '** g'-^t^f"' anthems for ihf J??h« Lu °"'V ^u'.?**°' VT^ ^^*^' *'»« «*"f"8 of the mart and FoIp! 5! ' r?*"' *?«'*«["» 1"« ^'"««. the sacred retreat of the heart. Foxes have holes birds have nests, lions have dene, tigers have lair. &hT ^T^^A >"t* •""" V^« ''«'"^^- The suprele putting of divine love is found in Jesus, when he forsakes his home, anS wandera VavW' ''°' ''?1"^ ^''"re to lav his head ; while th^ extrrme di" i.5.. •1?'"!° «nf"i°e88 18 found with those human creatures who are without natural affections. " Tu^^'*®^. of the Hearth are the Securities of the PeonlAB _ Sienlffl.^'-^' Tlie power to command his household anf his '.f the7.f/hf 1 ""l,"^*' *^ T'".8 «^ Abraham's call to be th. Father eLtles eaiSh ^^^ t""''^'' °l*^' ^^""''h' '^'^«^« ^' o"« ^0"^ that 3i S K *°*i ^iu*""?"- '* •« ^o^«" ^""OP* the most tender long- KeHoZT/^^ t^^J'*"*- Jtbmds the humblest home on ewfh Swna T^i^ ''"/' *^*S*'' ?° ?'8^- ^' domesticates the angeU in to Cm^i- °''* of '"Other IS often the last cable that holds a youS to his moorings. Beaten upon by the storm of his passions everv of m.f h?^ ^T ""% ^^«iy. "t*'*^ *»«hor drags, sit the We he^ot n.^; nf^i"^*' ^'^PP*? ?i«P '"*'* *»»« soulf substance before he got out of the nursery, holds. While that holds he is almost certain to outride the wildest gales. So the Home which is t^e sanctuarv where this spirit presfdes, is a perpeturp^oJ^Sion I? aaark tfoating with us down the tide o/the years^ I? Ses the s^iir IUh r^ *»»« «'«T.,f °d the inspirations thaj d3op he of ?h:a i^dvt rg3:.°^ «°^'- ^° -''- '^^« «^'«' p"^- .?i® Home Builds the House.-The divine idea of homdife types the building. There is something in every irerm of lif° wKj/h Sr^erm o^l U^rll'-^^'fT *f^ oPPO^unity bring o"ut only thi's ide,*!.' hii!i^ f u ? V f ?* ^^ ^"^^y «*" ^ matured, not into a stalk and b«^d Qf wheat, but mto a stal^ and head of barley. The gem^of the \iii M \ 10 Home and Health. I i fisl. and of the bird and of man are, at certain stages of development, indistinguishable. But there is always present a superintending spirit- ual power, too subtle for our microscopes and chemistries, that determines what form each shall wear. The fish grows into a fish. The bird becomes a bird. The man matures into a man. Each obeys its inner bias. Thus the inner instinct, or thought of the home, fashions the house. Its apartments grow upon this stalk. From the kitchen where the animal is fed, the nursery where the training is ordered, the chamber where the recuperative forces are stored, the sitting room where the social life is nourished, to the reception room or parlor, where the life of society is met and mastered— all these grow about the deeper idea of home. It is tliis suotle and powerful spirit, born out of the innermost heart, that invariably locates the home where the heart is. The settler's cabin and the peasant's hut, clothed with this inspiration from the heart, become centers of com- fort and contentment that time is unable to drive from the mind. Life rises out of this inspiration to its highest values. Thus the home becomes the measure of a nation's stability. A tramp may become a hired soldier, but he can hardly rise to the promptings of patriot- ism. His life has too little in it to be worth much defending. His life is cheap. He waits for whatever may happen. When a man has a home he becomes immediately interested in the peace of the community. He has given hostages against mobs. It is important for him that the pavement stones should keep their places, and not go flying through the air. Both heads and windows acquire a sacredness from those in which he is interested. A man without a home has little motive for standing against public perils. If a land does not furnish a man so much as a home, he can drift away when it becomes dangerous to remain anchored. Fill any land with good homes, and it must be a good place In which to live. It is one peculiarity of the Anglo-Saxon peoples that they abound in homes. The walls about the hearth shut out all the world, and shut in a kingdom. This is the fort ; keep it clean and free, and religion will thrive and liberty will dwell in the land forever. The Origin of the Family.— The most ancient organization in the race is the Family, It was God's first appointment for man. Other means might easily have been devised for the perpetuation of the race, but God saw that it was " not good that the man should be alone," so he put " the solitary in families." How the Family Develops Character.— The family is the oldest school known among en. Its molding and educating work begins in that university where the mother's lap is the recitation room, the mother is the professor, and the mother's eye is the text-book. Schools come as public examinations, to determine or show how much the pupil has learned elsewhere. The Church is v\ after-thought. The iainily funiishe* the elements out of which later character and knowledge are constructed. Other means of influenca and instruction touch the soul in spots, but the family furnishec aa euxeloping atmosphere, that pvesMi ufkon the Homd, 11 febsorbiDg faculties at every point and through every moment. It ia too ea^ to trace family marka through succeasive genera- tions. Blood runs in channels prepared by nature, but these. channela may bo reveraed or broken over. A given amount of capacity, that is, so much blood and so much brain, may be brought by opposite environments to results as widely separated as the oppo- site poles of the moral universe. The man with a brogue in his speech, and a club in his hand, and a low passion in his heart, may diflFer from the statesman with a richness in his accent, and the reins of government in his hands, and a universal philanthropy in hia heart, only by so much as the influences of the family in which his capacities were surrounded. The Family often Ripens Rapidly Those who Carry its Burdens. — Two young people fall into the conviction of approaching oneness. They seem but children. He is trifling and she ia foolish. He divides his time between his old boyish sports and his new boyish love. She turns from her dolls to her lover. 7 are children, and too young to be thought of as marriageable. Jb^v in the courage or folly of their love they take the outer vow. Now watch them. Often they have blundered, but nearly always, when the union was a mar- riage performed under the sanctions of their hearts, we see them straighten up and sober down. They cease suddenly to be children. We wonder at their dignity and stability. We trembled when they passed into the cloud. But they are clothed upon with higher character. It seems as if nature, fearing lest she should disparage her divinest ordinance, hastens to forgive the folly of premature obedience, and corrects, as far as possible, the mistakes of youth. The Family Multiplies Happiness.— The road into happiness is always the road out of self. Wlien one has no one for whom ho cares more than for himself, the cup of his happiness is very small. The babe, only able to use a rattle, can have but little joy compared with its delight when it can pour itself out for some loved one. Other friendships than those of the family laat with the sunshine. But into every life some rain must tail. Then, worn with the rude shocks agamst the rough wcorld, one returns to his quiet family to be soothed and re-established in the eternal verities of fidelity and integrity. The comforts may be few, but so long as these are not placed above their true rank, and the deeper and abiding realities of the heart arc emphasized, there is sure to come a flood of comfort that makes one ready for another strife with the world. Washington Irving says that V a married man, falling into misfor- tunes, is more apt to retrieve his situation in the world than a single one, chiefly because his spirits are softened and relieved by domestic endearment and self-respeotj." The happiness he imparts and receives adds wings to his speed and spurs to his purpose, and difficulties tiiat otherwise would have been too great for a Imlf -formed resolution yield before the supreme impulse from the family. The Family Blesses in Necessitating Housekeeping.— It ie QUO of the glories of a family that it must come to housekeeping. cl ^1% ''1 t 1 ■ i ij-i 1 ■ i 1 i . ■ i 1 12 Home and MEALTit. ^rdinff Is a necessary evil in exceptioual cusea, but it is not a ttark of the plan. It may aometunos be an expedient, like a tent, while a house 18 beu,« built, or on hard campaigns where houses cannot be built. Tljo order of life is homc-hrphig. A family is a unit in society, not a fraction. Iho homo is a man's castle, and ho must he tho lord of It. lo live in a trunk with tho fooling that some ono clso owns the key, and may look you out by day or in by niglit, dwarfs tho host part of a man s faculties. Boarding-houses liavo their mission, just as any other remedial agency for tlie sick or deformed or unfortunate in society has its work. People should go to a boarding-house just M they do to a hospital, w/ien they mtuit, and then be thankful that they can get a good one. Housekeeping soprates the family unit from the fragments of families, and gives it a chance for religious and individual life. Tho little girl who said to her Sunday-school teacher, " W« have not got any Bible, we board," told a secret much deeper than she knew Have some house, little if it must be, but have it, and live by your- selvea. There vou can suit yonr living to your income. There you can train your children m influences which you can command. There you ean create and preserve a Christian atmosphere which shall determine their destiny, and possibly your own. There you will find a fort which you command, a door which you only can open • a place where you i\ro constantly built up into kingship According to Jeremy Taylor : " Home is the proper "scene of piety and patience, of the duty of parents, and the charity of relatives • hereiindness is spread abro.ul, and love is united and made firm as a center. Marriage hath in it less of beauty, but more of safety than single life ; it hath more care, but less danger ; it is more merry and more sad ; it is fuller of sorrows and fuller of joys ; it lies under nioie burdens, but is supported by all the strength of love and charity and those burdens are delightful. " The family gathered in a Christian home IS the type of the eternal home whei-e the whole family of God shall be finally gathered. '' So important is a home that it is worth much to give any hint that may improve its order, hallow its precincts, sweeten its atmospb#n-o. purify Its communions, increase its efficiency, unfold its relations elevate its affections, exalt its intelligence, protect its virtues, per- petuate its faith, or impress its importance. If we can aid in civinir to America men and women who shall abide m the comforts and Bocunties of home ; if we can aid in rendering more honorable this altar of religion and cradle of patriotism, this model of the Church and unit of the State ; if ve can pid in checking the worldly rush out of the home into the chase for pleasure, the struggle for gain and the brawl for fame wiiich sweeps away so many men and inleota 80 many women m our time, we shall be content. If by hiufs, prac- tical suggeations, rules wrought out of the experience of the good •nd wise, and mstiuctions gathered from the world's teachers «V«rvurhAm urn nan aiA fKm «2.4.U„_ i_ V,-' _. • % , _ „ _j ..„ „„„ „s ^.„^ iainoF jQ Dcuig a proviaence and a iMrent, the mother m beinff a queen and a companion, the boy la becoming » vigorous and m»oly uikd, ind the girl in ripening i Marriage, 13 ' »^u-'**u*'^''*" °' *° intelligent, refined woman ; if bv the word. feV or^Door J^r„r'^ *''''*' throughout the land a barefooted Doy, or a poor girl, or a weary mother, or a tired father findin.* some now >,ope. or better culture, or higher life' .hall rise up am! blesg these pages then we shall not bo sorry on account o the work JulgXnr"'"' ''' criticism of those wLmiymisVneedZ^ MARRIAQE. ma7^an*d?he1.^?JS« ? ?^ M^n^e.-In the beginning Ood created fw him to hL »lnn!f W "■ *"'? T^ T""*"' '^'^U'^ »*«"»• "Ot good wJuld no? h! ;ri fn.*l^ "'!***** ^"/.**'!" •"•'y °°« ^"'"a" becaulo it would not be good for him to want to bo a one. It is not without a providential purpose that the number of the males is kept s^neaX equal to the number of the females for so manvagea - ¥hJ^ twi n shall be one flesh." said the great Teacher. NoTthey twenty shaU stroftive."' '"^^ T "^ "-^l/T" ""*« his wffe,"n"'t*Lto a Hewa^t.amlAfniV^K'^ T*":?' ^'''I ?""'« «^ ^oth extremes. thM one For ^^t^Q ^•i"*''* T\'^ '* *■ ^'•''^^d *o have more tnan one. For "the Spirit speakeih expressly, that in the latter ncin^IlitlfJt^J^T'^''^^''' ♦» f^ypocri^y, having their .on! Bcienoe seared with a hot iron ; fo»bibi>ino to maery." 1 Tim. ^,ffl?*^*?l®*, ^T®T"*^ Marriage. -The following prinoiDles fnLf^h?3*'^7•*^**'«^'^' knowledge that it is not poSifle t^Sve iS«. fh r*?'"*"" ^r "^'i:?^ ^'*««- B»* >* " '^^^^ bJlieved that^ he Jhl? vn„. * "'*?*' ""^1? '^•" *PP'y "« ■■'"measurably greater than that your case la really an exception to the laws that jreneralW find^thr'r?''^*;- ^^'^^r^^^iovgott^n that these rufes a e^ IntJ^Z *PP'»^**»QioiiaJd fw. fl ^ 1 1^1 1 I rfj 14 Home and Health. U''i I vP^ »o< marty downward. It is hard enough to advance in the nuahty of life, without being loaded by clay heavier than your own. It will be aumciently difficult to keep your children up to your beat level without having to correct a biaa in their blood. 6. Do not sell youraelf. It matters not whether the price be money or position. ' 7. Do not throw yourself away. You will not receive too much even if you are paid full price. 8. "Be ye iiot unequally xjoked together loith tinbelievcra. " Arimment cannot aad to the authority of thia rule. 9. Seek the advice qf your parents. Your parents are your best triends. They will make more sacrifice for you than any other mor- tals. rhey are elevated above selfishness concerning you. If they ditter from you concerning your clioiae it is because tliey must. 10. Do not marry to please any third party. You must do the living and enduring. 11. Do twt marry to spite anybody. It would add wickedness to folly. 12. Do not marry beeause some one else may seek the same hand. One glove may not fit all hands equally well. 13. Do not marry to yet rid of anybody. The coward who shot Himself to escape from being drafted was insane. 14. Do not marry merely for the impulse love. Love is a princi? le as well as an emotion. So far as it is a sentiment it is a blind guide It does not wait to tost the presence of exalted character in its object before breaking out into a flame. Shavings make u hot fire, but hard coal is better for the winter. 15. Donotvmrry without love. A body without a soul soon be- comes offensive. 16. Do not regard marrying as absolutely necessary. While it is the general order of Providence that people should marry, yet Provi- dence may have some other plan for you. 17. Beware of spiritual imin-essions concerning this sxthject. P'our yomig preachers consulted their Presiding Elder concerning marry- ing. Each said he felt called of God to marry one certain lady. 18. Memenwer that love does not long sm^ive respect. 19. Beware of mere viagnetism. 20. Test carefully the effect of protracted association. If familiarity breeds contempt befoie marriage, it will afterward. A j*-.^^t^caMt relationships. The good dauchter and sister makes a good wife. The good son and brother makes a good husband. 83. Kever marry as a missionary deed. If one needs saving from bad habits he is not suitable for you. 34. Beware of one wh I 'las been intemperate. The risk is too great. 35. Beware of a skeptic. If he doubts Ood he will doubt virtue. 36. Look for thrift in the blood. If it does not appear, it must leak out through some defect in the character or habits. 37. Observe the Bible rule concerning consanguinity. In the trans- actions of the American Medical Association, published March, 1859, Dr. Bemis, of Kentucky, gives details of the history of nearly 1,000 married couples who were more or less related before marriage. His facts abundantly prove such marriages to be unfavorable to the health, life, character, and talents of the offspring. About 900 of the children of these parents died young, of consumption or scrofula. From the reports of Hospitals, Asylums, Penitentiaries, etc., it is found that about 10 per cent, of all the blind, deaf and dumb, idiotic and insane, have parents who were blood relatives bef^jre marriage. Similar facts are well knov/n respecting some of the royal families of Europe. ill ^J*: ^ni : l » HOW TO PERPETUATE THE HONEYMOON. Oontinue your courtship. — Like causes produce like effects. Do not assume a right to neglect your companion more after marriage than you did before. Have no secrets that you keep from your companion.— A v««iro psri/y Is sln-'sys uisturuing. Do not conceal your marriage for an hour.— Busy-bodies may perplex you with advice. Madame Le Brun kept her marriage a secret for a short time, when people advised her to drown herself I, IG Home and HRAi.Tn. i 3 rother than marry U Brun. Even the DachesB d'Aremb.)uri{ said, *or Heavea'a sake, don't marry him I" The very concealment begets perila. Integrity is the law of safety. Avoid the appearance of evil— in matrimonial matters it is often that thj mere aopearanoo contains all the evil. Love, a» soon as it rises above calculation and becomes love, is exacting. It eivea all, and demands all. Once maxried, never open your mind to any change. -If you keep the door of your purpose closed, evil or even desirable changes cannot make headway without help. Make the best of the inevitable.— Persist in looking at and presenting the best side. Such is the subtle constitution of the human mmd, that we believe what we will ; also, what we fre. quently tell. Keep step in mental development —A tree that grows for forty years may take all the sunlight from a tree that stops erowintr at twenty. " " Keep a lively interest in the business of the firm.— Two tliat do not pull together, are weaker than either alone. The sherif furniture. '°?' expenses by your revenues —Love must eat. id long before he takes away the old often levies on Cupii Start from where your parents started rather than from wnere tney now are. —Hollow and showy boarding often furnishes the too strong temptation, while the quietness of a humble home would cement the hearts beyond risk. Avoid debt. —Spend your own money, then it will not be neces- sary to blame any one for spending other people's. Do not both get angry at the same time— It takes two to quarrel. Dp not allow yourself ever to come to c ,. open rupture. — Thmgs uusaid need less repentance. Study to underatand your companion's disposition, in order to please and avoid friction. Study to conform your tastes and habits to the tastes ana habits of your companion.— If two walk together, they muat agree. ° •' (niang and Eng were the Siamese Twins.— Chang made Eaa lie down when sick. It killed Eng, and Chang could not survive turn. Take care of Eng. Few people survive dirorct . n 17 ~i) Ilou) to be a Good IFiisband. HOW TO BE A GOOD HUSBAND. Honor yonr wife. -She must bo exalted and never dethroned wd glJaSeTf^fj^Te"?' ""*•"" "' " ^'*"'* ^"^'''^ ^'^^ <^-''»'«»' tre^^iU Jut^oJSTw"^" "/k """!'"'*« '"«"• ^" <=«'•'*«•''/ w a "ve show i3 wlnv !^^ n *•"* fP";^"*' '!'» ««'"t*inly will a living love Sin rnr M^^," °°i'« ™»n *°'I» ««rlyand late to earn bread and Kv thSk" th*^ **' I • ^ **" *-* "^ "'^""ne''" for her sake. He iSn of hi- W« ♦?* '"^""'■'r «"^ providence give a better ex- preasion of his ove than he could give by carcssinc her and lettlnrr fntin 1 f k -^^ u** I^?'^*''- "« ""ay "oon have a iw//ia^i left to super- intend liis home, but his wife is dying. She must be kept 2ive bv m?iratZtiriSd*S*l^^'^*'^ •"*?>«•"«• R«'a?Un3-JoatM,J iSeLhIn .„T*k!w d«l»cate compliments that once made you so Kth CdiiSffVTf?'''l\r?''l*° ? consuming Hame. It is not -vm«>!r **18°']y of the skilful physician to study all the little SLKKSihInaf '''' T' r °^ ^^ attentions/that check the Suffer for your Wife, if needbe.- Christ suffered for the Church Consult with her.— She is as apt to be right as vou are xnA «^Tu- ".y°"^«"c*'f?'«"y walk in the way of righteousness voii £fnfiti?''K''^'*""*^"'**"Z"««»'«- Providence willCtTukelytS bring upon her anything that is not for her good,, ^ fnlfrt? *? fcewr her burdens. -Bear one another's burdens, and so St sSrhllh?- ^^«rk» opportunities to do for the love^ b?Jhe T^rS fi^f 5 *''*"'*f°* «"•• o! your ohik/en. She is ordained by the Lord to stand guard over them. Not a disease can appSr in the community without her taking the aUrm. Not TdisELTLn ^Zir'i^^ threshold without L inst^Sy spJhiJingTnto th^ hS nwri**- tt" ?'^ '" • **«'^'''«"*'y anywhere: it"omes out of Jru iTlighten^them"''"" '" ''"'^'''''''' "^^ '- '^^"^ «-' h^XXSa^^^ ^olPjol »>y.thoughtfUlness.-Remember to I^aVI^ * ^°*u® y*""" *'^''' •"""« a°d sunshine. It is good fo/voii and It cheers up the home. There is hardly a nook in the house that has not been carefully hunted through tn^r;„„ o-t-v-^th" - * * might annoy you. The dinner which'suito, "or ought to 3 von T^ Ta S °V*^' *"^'^. ""' •'-°'^- I* represents X^^^^^^^^ JJnrT-S; ^'^^ °*? '*", °? "°''« manly thing than find some way S exproBdng, m word or look, your appreciation of it, ^ t't * r 1.' Id Home and KtEALTlt. Express your will, not by commands, but by suggestions. —It 18 God a order that you should be the head of the family. You are clothed with authority. But this does not authorize you to be stern and harsh, as an officer in the army. Your authority is the dignity of love. When it is not clothed in love it ceases to have the substance of authority. A simple suggestion that may embody a wish, an opinion or an argument, becomes one who reigns over such a kingdom as yours. Study your own character as husband.— Transfer your deeds, with the impressions they might naturally make, to some other couple, and see what feelings they would awaken in your heart con- cerning that other man. Are you seeking to multiply the joys of youi wife, as well as to support her ? Are you an agreeable associate among your companions ? If not, why should you expect your wife to be pleased with you ? Have you acquired the ability to entertain and cheer your friends ? If not, it is time you were study, ing to in.prove yourself as a husband. If you can, make yoursell a model husband, and that will ^.elp your wife to be a model wife, and that will insure your home against sliipwreck and your happiuest against decay. Seek to refine your nature.— It is no slander to say that man^ men have wives much more refined than themselves. This is natural in the inequalities of life. Other qualities may compensate for any defect here. But you need have no defect in refinement. Preserve the gentleness and refinement of your wife as a rich legacy for youi children, and in so doing you will lift yourself to higher levels. Be a gentleman, as well as a husband.— The signs and bronzt and callouses of toil are no indications that you are not a gentleman The soul of gentlemanliness is a kindly feeling toward others, that prompts one to secure their comfort. That is why the thoughtful peasant lover is always so gentlemanly, and in his love much abovt himself. Remember the past experience of your wife.— In all pro, bability she has left a better home than the one to which she comes. All the changes for the worse are painful. Only her love for you extracts the pain. She cannot but contrast your pinched accom- niodations with the abundance she left. It is right that these changes should come. Young people cannot commence where the aged leave oflF. Yet it becomes you to lemember that she has taken you instead of all these comforts, and you must see to it that she has no reason to regret her exchange. Make the most of her better nature. This refinement enters into her value as a mother and a maker of a home. Level up.— If your wife has the advantage in culture and refine- ment, nd this IS quite a common condition, as girls usually have a better ohance for education and more lelauro for books than boys have, do not sink her to your level, but by study and thoughtf ulness rise to her plane. The very ascent will improve your home, and add to your value as a husband and to your iuflueuce as a citizen. i (tl IToio to h a Good W\f6, \^ ^^-%ltl'!^?[7^f'^^^^^ ^""f « the evening. U .ore to nunglo with other societv, and leave vor"wif« L J «**, °"' *° with the children and servants knn^ t^of *.^ ® •** ''°'"® '*'<'"«' '>'^ for vnii Ck„ u """."^'^^-''ts, Know that there la no rood in stom re.t . "mettaM ml ,ti I'°f 'T'' T" ""■'••liine. It i, wise to HOW TO BE A GOOD WIFE. Forsake all for him— Looking back mav bn as ^ttai * gonflde in Wm-Distrnat is a bottomless aby8«. 'i\ \\% 90 Home and Health. Kedp his loTO.— It may require muoh oare and thought, bat the boon is vital to your happinesa. Cultivate the modesty and delicacy of your youth.— The relations and familiarity of wedded life may aeeui to tone down the sensitive and retiring instincts of girlhood, but nothing? can com- pensate for the loss of these. However much men may admire the public perform ance of ffifted women, they do not desire that boldness and dash in a wife. The holy blush of a maiden's modesty is more powerful in hallowing and governing a home than the heaviest arma- ment that ever warrior bore. Cultivate personal attractiveness-— This means the storing pf your mind with a knowledge of passing events, and with a good idea of the world's general advance. If you read nothing, and make no effort to make yourself attractive, you will soon sink down into a dull hack of stupidity. If your husband never hears from you i.ny words of wisdom, or of common information, he will soon hear nothing from you. Dress and gossip soon wear out. If your memory \i weak, so that it hardly seems worth while to read, that is addi- I ional reason for reading. The disease is advancing to a threatening stage. Keep by you some well selected book. Read little by little, as you can. Think of what you read. Talk to your husband of it V. hen he comes. If your memory fails you in the critical moment, tiy it again. Persist, and victory is inevitable. Ask him questiona about it. Enlist his interest. Any new thing placed before him will awaken his admiration. A careful reading of the daily and religious papers will enable you to keep him posted by incidental Dferences and statements while at table, or while walking or riding, OP in the sitting-rooia Soon he will come to rely upon you for his i 'vformation on many matters. Then your throne cannot be shaken. This need not occupy many moments each day. But your time will not be worth having without it. Cultivate physical attractiveness.— When you were encour- aiiug the attentions of him whom you now call husband, you did not i>eglect anv item of dress or appearance that could help you. Your li ur was always in perfect training. You never greeted him with a ragged or untidy dress or soiled hands. It is true that your •'market ia made," but you cannot afford to have it "broken." Cleanliness and good taste will attract now as they did formerly. Iveep yourself at your best. Make the most of your physical eu- (lowments. Neatness and order break the power of poverty. Do not forget the power of incidental attentions.— The r.rrow fliat pierces between the joints of the mail is the one that does the execution. A little time spent by your husband's side, V ithout actually being busied with either work or plans or com- 1 laints, is not wasted. A hand on the shoulder, a look, the creep. i.ig of your hand into his, any of the thousand little things which y )ur instinct will teach you how to do, mav drive awav a nloud, and perpetuate the sunshine. ' '' Jfff^I^e your home attractive.— Tbi» means more than furajture, l How to be a Good Wife. Jl IL"1!??K *^® *"0''"a°'i ^V"^* ^■*'^°^«" 0' t"^ that drive thedarkoMt Tt nf li^ K°'""""' ;V^, *^' •'"'^"*''« «"* «' the parlor, and theSoom out of the house. Make your home so easy thit yoi will feel eMv leel easy there. Keep your house clean, and in Kood order It hem Evin'n^ Z^'''^ *'""^ *^*" *« "«8>«°t theKnd huni fS hvT;„,« J!? rr'^l " "° ^^''""^ ^^"^ ^''•*- Many a man is driven by home dirt to the bar-room, and through that to death Have your table clean. Your food may be coarse and cheap but if it ^s We ha?e r.C>..'r° *? '""'*'°l-'*^T' *^° ^eal wilfbe relished 1 L fJiT i^u**Jru®*'? "' ? •'**'*'' ^'»«r« there was but one dish on the table, and that the kettle in which it was cooked. The apw tizer was on the floor, which shone from tlie scrubbing-brush till one *S4*^'l^ ^** ^'■^'"•, *'u Y^""* ''^'"^ " y«"r kingdSm Its order and attraotiveneas will have much to do with your position as i ««f mTf"'?K^"''^^?u~^*?P'® '''*"° ''^o"^^''- I^'S'it " «f«- It does not matter that some thmgs have gone wrong. Things have ways of going crooked. It is not best for you to ktep pouring your Sttv K T. ^r; ^"."''*°*^> «»™' There are times when KXS il^tfh.V^'*•^*^'•«^ *r'% I>o not keep up such a din of oorJ' Plaint that he Identifies the idea of home with the idea of distress In a sense he is your supreme guest. Make the best of what you ?Si ^*^P * M^ """H ** V'^ ^'•<>»*' "n*! organize order backward as rapidly as possible. You do not wish to always appear in the role fL^J^-^^^' ""'^^ Bits by the highway showing his wounds and de lhl^^y\ ^ '■***"''!? ^m"" "«e'vin« pennies. Some people always retail their distresses and ailments, tifl one shuns them like a pest bospital. When vour husband comes in. let him receive a floo^of sunfight. It will do no harm if he comes to think of you as sunliljht Irue, he IS under equal obligation to bring sunlight with him hut you can help him by example. One certain result you will S-ure SfZ/;?L''" "^'^ "'''''^ *'i i^^ i'nag'n^ry storms, be better prepared to meet the real ones, and have a vast deal of sunshine in youj? own life as a constant compensation. Study your husband's character—He has his peculiarities ?nnw^.°° "^i* *° '"*°^ ""^ *•'«'»' ^"t ^^ has them, an/you nwd to know them ; thus you can avoid many hours of friction. The eo^ pilot steers around the sunken rocks that lie in the channel The engineer ma^ remove them, not the pilot. You are more pilot than eng neer. Consult his tastes. It is more important to your home Lnt iS^m '^"""A^ P^'T ^"" *^*" *"y*'°'*y «!««• Patience: timeVand illJu t^^^^^ y**" ^ '''^^^ °"* *he channel, or make new channel, through the very substance of his character. A given amount of study expended on him will yield a larger amount of happiueas for your family than it can invested anywhere else. *^*^ Cultivate his better nature.— Avoid appearing to be ghocked at his rude or crude notions, but set him to thinking about tWngs ^batwiU elevate the plane of bis convictions, tastes, and feelilT^! T;' jii ] <» ^ it 4 Home aitd IIeat.th. Poolt*. «ttJ*eti, inoidfiiito that contein truthi which yon rHsh him ic * J Li** ^ ^^^ '° ^^° ^*y °^ '""•^ *^ *"'"* '" •'»• leisure. Aa hii •tandard i« ;^ •« . 'r+vated his actions will improv The winter's blast causes us tx> /,u^ our wraps, but an hour's aprina aunibiufl causes us to tlirow tlieiu open and off. Study to meet your duties as a wife.— Criticise your own defects without mercy. No one el^e will treat them mercifully. Correct the points tliat are wrong. If you are indifferent, cultivate interest. If you are negligent concerning your domestic duties, take on care. Whatever a good wife does or ought to do, do that. You can master the science of being a wife as well as you can master anv other scieuce. ' k^n?^ J° ^^^^l^ y°^' husband's happiness.— Blessing, you shall be blessed. You cannot anchor your end of the ship in a haven 01 peace while the other end is carried down the cataract. Study his interest- Many women wreck their fortune, and darken their future by indifference to the business interests of their husbands }"^?[.^J^ their hdarts upon some display which they cannot afford. 1 he husband must choose between bankruptcv and a family quarrel. Hoping against hope, he purchases peace at too high u nc3, and ruin comes m at the door which the wife opened to au.ait her pride or comfort. If need be, live in one room. Eat from the end of a trunk, but do not go beyond your means, Nothinc ia Uiore respectable than independence. Practise economy.— Many families are cast out of peace into crumbling and discord by being compelled to fight against poverty. When there are no great distresses to be endured or accounted for complaint and fault-finding are not so often evoked. Keep youJ husband free froni the annoyances of disappointed creditors, and he brpid %o fi'i^.i, Tf ^'** /u*"^ annoyfng you. To toil hard for bread, to ftght the wolf from the door, to resist impatient creditors, to struggle against complaining pride at home, is too much to ask of lTr.^T°^A / '"*"^* *n** '^ y°,"'' ^''^ '« « f«»«*. while a feast that ia purloined from auwilling creditors is a famine. FACTS FOR PARENTS. t,„?**®pi*y is earth's highest dignity—The parent is the beat hnman type of God. Paternal authority is the germ out of wWch Tthori^v In^i^J'^'-^r""^ *"^.5" ^«"«^«°»- ItcomwLrfaw riiS" 7' P°*®^' w*'"^^'"! providence, punishments, pardons remedial agencies, mercy, love, sacrifice, instruction, leadership and compamon jhip. ^ ;: epitomizes nature, providence and grac™ im^v^S^ft^''-u "'^^y irnpart dignity to life and furnish I motive for work. h ., . vi: ar v t v lope. They cement ihe h-.. Jy Ju unity. i r§/, \ Family Government. 23 6 4.>» Chfldren aire new life to a home —They warm the house. They dispel the ^loom. They constrain age to renewed yo* th. They transform a hall into a home. Children are great teachers of theology— They give new meaning to the inipo» .ant terms in which God seeks to reveal him- •elf. Father, ami pity, and pardon, and love, and faith, and authority, ami prrbjtion, and punishment, and recovery, derive more mea/sin^ fror.i . single child than from all dictionaries and grammaia combiued. They show ua the supreme order in confusion ond the i .itrii sutal character of law. In God's Kingdom it is true of man, " A little child shall lead them." Pa.onts put their image and superscription upon their children. — Thev beget them in their own image, and train them into their own faith and destiny. Selecting for them their toys, their playmates, their books and their churches, they are responsible for their moral character and social life. Prepare for the duties of the parental relation— It requires apprenticeship for the common mechanic arts. I.ong training pre- fiares the surgeon to tamper with i)hy8ical limbs. What thought- ulness should precede the assumption of parental relations ! Construct your home for your children.— Home may be made the moat attractive place on earth. Many lose their children as soon as they can esctpe. There is a mistake somewhere. If the house 18 glum and stiff, the children required to keep still while the parents read or doze — if the house is only a feeding and clothing place, or a workshop, it has none of the charms of nome, and will be early empty. But the home should be more than a house. Fill it with good cheer, youthful hope, with instruction and entertainment and affection ; then it will be a perpetual benediction. Your highest duty is to your children. Make home so winsome to them that they will not go away from your eye for their pleasures. Be yourself a neces- sary and welcome part of their work and of their study and of their aports. It is not a service of bondage, but a reign of love in the midst of the growing sons and daughters, that you are to maintain. Bemember that children do grow old-— We can hardly believe that theyXcan be trusted as we were when we were of their age. We remember ^h^m as our little ones. Recall, ab Jistinctly as possible, your own youth.— Profit I J y^at owa experience, and let your chi ''ren also profit by it. FAMILY GOVERNMENT. FORTY-TWO HINTS. 1. Family government is to be family government.— It uses authority m love, yet authority. It ordains law. It commands the child's moral nature. 2. It is not inerelj s, pruvisioa fur tciupofal roliof.—It does more tbui dresa, feed and nurse. It ifl for bibber purposea tban ezhortifif , or »dvi«uig, qs (Huresaing, 1 11*1 \ Vif u HojiE AND Health. 1 ua m the same way. * "' second-hand, and governs the-iJLSj'ffir Y'tfe,^^ the hearth-This seizes upon faculties for apptUdVg LtL^Tet^^^^^^ Ihe' T^^^^*'^", '"^ experimented in orivatP i-ill „ ^f .P'^®P*r°'* >» *he home, and are ■am. of Family GovC ™t. "" '"^"""S "'"'"'J' ">' "»• height ia LiorJ„?t«rrL/rtSrit7 E?™3''' """J'^'}*' •re conveniences which cin nTv,r li ™ 7' • '^fpej'eaoy and advice iogia God's place, SriS m^iTlnt^JSji.Jn"'" t"™- '''"'"'• r4ilS-ffi?tet^b,'?„t,t^,S«^^^^ the highest ScnvifeSS"=v^^=Sc, r;li« •re sure to be enciro'ed. ""^ " CWstian, then thcjr ritual or cereiSoay l| g Tsoir^ P^l£lt ""j ''°"'^'°. '">"" » malce. its own applications mtSkc. of 7hi2?.?°°''i°'>''"J?'°'> """' ■, 9 v e r \ Family Government. |J5 Obeyed. -The most important lesson to impart is obedience to an- 5n h^ !f',f,"*^"*y- The question of salvation with most children wm be settled as soon as they learn to obey parental authority It auSitv" \hf '* *"f ^rder of mjnd that'is^eady to ^ceTt livine K^K&J^ J^ precludes skepticism and disobedience, and induces the Ua nf nLl ^^ are never made to obey are left to drift into SrLffi, Paasion where the pressure for surrender only tends to drive them at greater speed from the haven of safety. «,oH'*^*®'^f^®?*®"*^®," secured to authority, explanations may foUow to strengthen authority for future storm 13. For a child not wrecked in deceit, appeal to relisious ZSfTl'^?'" "'" **^« ^""y^ «* ««d' lo^« 0/ vTtueflove of S! approval of their own conscience. i"»"«'j'» «At<«*'*?"^?.*^H*^ ^^^^^ falsehood, threatening the driv« mS^'*^°^**^\*'^.*'^**^*«'' <»P«'a*« 0^ lo^er motive to aKrror 0?^^"**° Obedience. -This distinKiiishes between fear ^eiS.^aSs'gVd^'hfr^lt>^"« °^ self-deniaJ. -Pampering of \ho&e minS® "r^^i ^f?^5^ °^ benevolence. -It partakes pulse. •* ''^'''""^ * ^**'^' ^"^^ "0' be au im- ,-nilv?"*P.t*^^?.®*H.*®^^i*y— K««P the moral tissues touch in 1 sifret/ace "Thr" -'^^'^t.^ook of obligations when once fet n «JJ1^ VT' ^^^" '^ nothing more vital. Shape all your ex periments to preserve the integrity. Do not so reward it that H ^coines mercenary. Turnin| fe^tate's evi.lence ,7* dLge^ou experiment m morals. Prevent deceit from succeeding. °*°«^'°"' 18. Guard modesty— To be brazen is to imneril some of thn best elements of character. Modesty may be 2Shen?d intJa becoming couhdence, but brazen-facedness can seldom be toned dowS into decency. It requires the miracle of grace. Qfll, Fk"*S*^* purity. -Teach your children to loathe impurity Study the character of their playmates. Watch their books Keen «^T./'°"!, ""'•'•"P*'r ^* a" cost. The groups of youth in Z Bchoolfl. and ,a society, and in business pllces. seethe with impro" 20. In family government threaten the least noBsiblfl _ thaTtCt ''^t f '^''' ^Tr«"^« with peiE ?o Se^ «iat there is a steady roar of hosftlities abS^^it the child's head These threats are forgotten by the parent and unheeded by the child. «i^thi.,^h„"?nn^??^W *°,of?,*»y commands—Leave a few things %»tliiu the raoge of the child's knowledge that are uot forbiddw. 'i i i'l i l^?i' % 26 Home and Hkalth. Ke«|> your word good, but do not have too much of it out to b^ ledeemed. 22. Punish as little as possible.— Sometimes punishment is necessary, but the less it is resorted to the better. 23. Reward rather than punish.— Heaven is better than helL 24. Never punish in a passion.- Wrath becomes only cruelty. There is no moral power in it When you oem to be angry you can do no good. 25. Disorder'means ruin.— This is true of the governed and of the government. Order must be enforced. 26. Brutish violence only multiplies offenders.— Striking and beating the body seldom reaches tlie soul. Fear and hatred beget rebellion. 27. Avoid punishments that break down self-respect.— Striking the body produces shame and indignation. 28. Punish privately.— It is enough for the other children to know that discipline is being administered. 29. Hold a child sometimes by main force.— This may give the idea of a resistless force without any of the cruelty of blows or fierceness of passion. 30. Avoid extremes. — Make your punishment severe enough to succeed, but never too severe to show love. 31. Never stop short of success-— When the child is not con- quered the punishment has betu wor&e than wasted. Reach the point where neither wrath nor sullenness remain. By ilrm persistency and persuasion require an open look of recognition and peace. It is only evil to stir up the devil unless he is cast out. Ordinarily one complete victory will last a child for a lifetime. But if the child relapses repeat the dose with proper accompaniments. 32. Leave no ambiguity about the reason and purpose for which you are punishini;.— A whipping is not so many lashes. It is so much moral persuasion. It means results in peace. 33. Tou must discover existing offences.— Disobedience un- discovered breaks down the moral nature. It substitutes cunning in the place of principle. 34. Avoid apparent espionage.— To be shadowed stirs all the evil within, and awakens all the disgust and wrath against the spy. 35. Do not show distrust.— Like begets like. 36. Make no random charges.— There are wiser ways of cross* questioning. False accusations are never forgotten, and are made the excuse for ofiences. • 37. Do not require children to complain of themselves for nardon. — It begets either syconhanta or liars. It is the "art of the government to detect offeacea. ' It reverses tke order of matters to shirk this duty. 1 Suggeatiom to Children. 27' 1 d8> How to watch. -->Notioe hia direotiona, qnestioo hia com* pamona, yuestion him for details. Be on the look-out for omiaaion*. JiU the silent Hpaces with queationa. A child is aura to fall through ■noh au examination. A few diaooveries wisely handled disoonras* the art of sin. ® 39. Grade authority up to liberty— The growing child muat have experiments of freedom. I^ad him gently into the family. Counsel with him. Let him plan as he can. By and by he has the confidonco of courage without the danger of exposures. 40. Parents must respect each other.— Undermining either undermines both. 41. Always keep in the spirit of love. ^#*?:*r°"^ an alliance with the children against the spirit or evil, and get them to help you conquer that evil.— This inspires them by making them feel that they are taking the part of victo.'* rather than of the vanquished. SUQQESTIONS TO CHILDREN. Beverence your parents.— Always address them in respectful language. Slang terms that would bring them into disrespect with others are offensive, '• The governor," " the old man," " the boss," are terms of disrespect. Your heart may not be so coarse toward them,and think such expressions only add spirit to your conversation, but you are working evil to yourself. Honoring your parents secures Gods favor. Appreciate your parents.— You will never understand how much they have done for you till it is too late for you duly to show your appreciation. You will never find any other friends who will care for you and cling to you in evil fortune as your parents. They may not have worldly renown, but they deserve your homage. Your best blood you received from them. Do not shorten childhood by haste— Maturity will come only too soon. Childhood ia your probation for life. Extend it, and make the most of it. Confide in your parents.— Your most sacred and your moat dangerous secrets are safer with your parents than anywhere else. Never conceal any habit or course of action from them. If you c.innot trust it with your mother it has no right in your bosom. If you would blush to tell her you should blush to know it. Never read a book you would not show your parents. Vulgar and obscene books or pictures will curse you all your years. The pic- tures haunt you. They blast you when you least expect it. As you value your peace read no book which you would blush to have ^our mother see you reading. In mature years visit and Tf rite home frequently. Soon jt will be impossible, * i ^ [ '^t 1 i 38 KOMR AND IIkALTH. MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY. vo?.^!!!!.®"i^ *?? family. -Whatever make« yon acreoablf to I uJrj- f f r «»it»«-allv expccta certain protection from von Sh« Mover leave hor in want of an escort. She Ima'a roval riaht f^ l,« kept from embarra^sn.ent so long as you are wifhin 7ad,. ^ " ^ ''" 41 POW to treat thea^red.-Tiio ChinoHO set a cood examnin in this matter. Never banish an aged relative to some carr? Ti iSLt"'''''r''.r^ attention^n proportion to Eefr yets aid feebleness, An old person should have the easiest char ihouW never be allowed to stand either at home or in a stSt car or i a, v pubhc conveyance, or in public assemblies. ' ^ (.reet thorn with a hearty good morning. Inquire after their mat uZSm "t^^V"" rTf'"« t'--?t%heL>iramnr;;iSg upon tnem. leach the children to wait nnnn tUt»» «^a .,« * sionally to their rooms to.ee if th^y^eiVaEy;^^^^^^^ '"''«" '""'■ As they grow feeble tliey will entert^iin doubts about their boin^ TctTkindnrss. *' '"^'^^ '•"" '^""'^^^ ^y ^^l>-*«<^ lumnce'a ♦l,?ili *'*,*lf "?• ^'8*«" *o «>em- By ouestions start them on the tZ V^ their early lues. Furnish tUm with books in pio er type. Kead to them as you have time, or can take it. ^ ' uo not strain them up to your judgment. Humor their whims if f;rre".Sn"is%t;e. '''' °''^ -'- *« «•« easiest/ant tt^;,;^ b«^i^rqnrst:^;!s;ld ^"z^^^t^^j^: words If they have grown old in religioE he sendsTu Le s Si tTs' offednr ^''"'- '* '^ '-'' *° J«'" -*'^ ^'-^ -«^1« ?" -ini- A mother-in-law in the family. -Your wife is inexperienced and the presence of her mother may be her greatest comfort No mother-in-law you would have never been blessed with your w?fe o^fer moS.''''^ '^""" *"^' """^ *"^"*'°" "l"^" ^^"^ wifrZa aij in inanv of the trying hours of life she relieves with her experience find love from anxiety and exposure, experience Servants in tU Family. 20 If her home is diamombered bv death or time lo ahe beoomea an inmate and member of y:)Vir fanuly, you can ordinarily make her pro" !tence a blesaing to youmolf ana family by mukinu It a blesaing to herself. The acorot is in vaofulnosB. The mont foarfnl of all con- ditions la to fool useloBS. 8om« of the cares shifted from the shoulders of your wife will keep both her and hnr mother from ageing. The oriiioism and jokins about mothors-in-law is coarse, and indi< oates a low nature. It is often prejudicial and always wicked. Honor the grandmother of your children. Children, whose unporvertod iastincts are good testa of character, seldom go amies concerning a grandparent. Oare of a husband'H mother often becomes a question requiring special oonsidoration. Koverenoe, affection, employment, and average tact will bless the home forever. A step-mother in the family.— Remember, she makes greater aaorifloea in attempting to care for children than they can to make her comfortable. If ahe is willing the children certainly ought not to object. Few things are more senseless than the constant criticism of step-mothers. ^^ one can tell how soon his own children may need and be glad to secure juat such help and love. She is brave ; honor her. li .\ SERVANTS IN THE FAMILY. A good master makes a good servant. But there are certain duties and rights whioh pertain to the servant. The servant must give the whole time for which he is paid. May aspire to higher positions. May expect promotion from showing capacity in his present place, end from meeting perfectly its duties. Should identify himself with the interests of his employer. If ha is not faithful over things in^.ubtod to his oare, who will give him things of his own T Should preserve the strictest fidelity. Should serve when out of sight as scrupulously as when under the employer's eye. God' sees everywhere. May seonre his wishes b^ requeues, not by commands. Should conform his ways of doing given things to the wish of the employer. Should seek to meet the wish of the employer in spirit, reliability, ability, and activity. Should secure permanence of engagement by making himself necessary to his employer. Should carefully study the duties assigned, so a to perform them most perfectly. Should avoid habits and manners distasteful to his employer. Should avoid talking much. Speak when spoken to, and when Should seek to gain and retain respect. Respect is the foundation of all dignity. It is better to be a respected emjilojii thai^ a dji}* r«8peotea emplp^eri 30 HoMR AND Health, HINTS TO EMPLOYERS. ^nntr^I^,tS^,]l^^^^^ f«''*« to.not center in rmployis is in keenimr wSif 1. i I- u °/ ^^'ti^ne. Kindness to bin . fdent.fy h.maelf w.th the interests of his Zt'loy^s. Interest be,et. God*?4S'^ "'** '* "°"'' ^'^P^^* '" ' '«-"«d c«e. and what Kinelr/oUrnfaTan'ir"^'^^ Inspire resJeTbv^the conlnf'^r'^ *• "'"^i" member of society, of soul. ^ - *"® constant bearing of manhood and royalty Encourage the worker in his work Instruct with kindhness. Correct in authority and in gentleness. MISTRESS IN THE FAMILY. de^endrng to a controvLy^te'r^Lr^tre s'^^^^^^^^^^^ A l'iS"JnTr'KS *:y„- ♦ "^'^^ ^'^ «^«^<-° *" the hou.., atorm. ^ """^ good-nature in her voice will calm any f rAl.^»?l*-fi«d'««: . Instruction can be given in a better w*. anp^iK^^^^^ SXlftt fh^ ^^^ '^^^ - ^« ''^"er, to bXr way: wftKr " '"'"' ''°'^"««»' *»^- ^-^ -«» direct them thJ^rTwntitatteltf a°n^^^ encouragements about girl from brushing and oKen LnlCT •^- ?**. "?* d^courage a own rooms in order as b3n? «» f^ tL^^l^' ^^^ *'^em keep their fortable. Servint'gi^ ^Td'Sors ^''^ ^ Make theij com- Inspire them titi the eL of llfS wff ^Th^' T *'^?- future are urged upon servant, in Vh! Mm * I^^ motives from the master is m^LJrT^V^^y/^^ I'^J^^^. ^ew Testament. The h«»fh«„ service as «nto Goi; ' '* °' ^''•' *** ^^'^ «^« ^^T^ed to^e'nd^ I Superiors and In/eriorB — Training Children 31 I SUPERIORS AND INFERIORS. '*roper respect for superiors is a due part of liberty. In America we are so determined to be equal, as well as free, that we often re* duce our actual grade by disregarding the natural proprieties of our situation. In law and in rights before the courts and at the polls we are equal, but in our employments and social relations we are ai diverse as we are numerous. Children should be subordinate to parents, pupils to teachers, employed to employers, citizens to magistrates, the comfort of the strong and healthy to that of the delicate and feeble. Superiors iu age, office or station have precedence of subordinates, feebleness of strength, women of men. A parent, teacher or employer may admonish for neglect of duty, may take precedence without remark or apology, while an inferior must first ask leave. Superiors may use language and manners of freedom which would be improper to inferiors. Respect is due from all to all. Children should show respect to the feelings of servants. It ia the most exalted philosophy to accept facts. Assertions against the facts do not exalt the lowly or debase the truly exalted. I m i' < if i V \ TRAINING CHILDREN FOR QIVEN ENDS. What is your purpose m training — not what you would say in class or confession meeting, but in fact ? Several distinct purpottes animate parents. Look them ovei; and decide what your case is, uud what it ought to be. i Training for usefulness. — Instil into their minds the conviction that it is greatest to serve most. Train them — To wait upon themselves, instead of calling for some one to help them. To do helpful things. Some people think it is a sign of liberal condition to disregard all helpfulness. To appreciate an economy that saves for the sake of increasing the aggregate of supplies. To suspect any line of action that seeks mere personal happiness or gratification. To acquire useful accomplishments. Pastimes may be helpful by adding to the general comfort of the household. To understand that it is more blessed to give than to receive, to miuistier than to be ministered unto. To do good always as they have opportunity. We instinctively want our children to have its comforts and advan- tages. Buc to train for that, so that every thought shall turn on the dollar mark, is to transform the man into a money bag. Wealth ,r4 ')■ hi 33 Home and Hjbalth. ri muflt end m usefulneat or in selfishness. To aWa vanr nl.n^«« . t views and uses of waaUIi vam ™..-*. L \i » '""'^ onilaren safe of the value o! monevinitLu\^A^i\u^^ * ^"*^' wtimato ing. Shittli, or iirMpoSr^iT wiU X... l'l?„ 'S' T""*''- willing to join with lliem. **^' »'">»''<•. *6o mc n.n'll^'.T.hTliS^S'r''"'''" ^«"'' ■■»'■'«« for w»l.I,. N„er .o™hL i^.m«tei° fi'^"- '^''*» •"'' «■<>"«'■«..„«, P«ch« wh.iever h» lear™ th.t will help' to ««„* WMWiig for heavML-FoLiow tbb N.w t.siam>w. CHOOSINQ A CALLING. r«°tio\u"3l1-»™':?.'.!?'^*''-'i.°^»"°'"» «'"'•. to «.v.,><, may others, which yor i IJou) to Conduct Family Praynr. 33 tJifi"?/ ^°v "*•*""* proolivitios. Sometime, the aporta indicate H**i'*» Napoleon pfayed with cannon, Nelaon with ehipa. boWo'\';~d±b?meS^^^^ " ""'* '" '**^"^« *'•"'«• "i'- ^•^'o" • l.w "°' '"'••'' ovf yo«f natural qualification.. A .ucco..rul ^JZ 1' J'PP""' •nd more useful than aa unsuocewful profeMiona man or trade.man. Poor farmer, are .ometime. made out of S lawyer.. Henrv Clay, working with an ox team, would can-y^the whiU . A '*'**,i'*'' uf* ?'°*'" ^*'*'"« 'or the team to come up. which, understanding hi. abatraction, had gone aside to graze. *' Our wishes are often presentiment, of our capabilities. ♦hr-V- "* "i"®*"* the oalluig, let it remain settled. You have left the .hip on that plank, now you must reach the .hore. Study on the line of your work. You mu»t know all about that. Doubtles^ Ct vT h. '*^ that^ well applied, would succeed in ever^fS ?ne tJ°ano5he7i."?hf;Jll^ *'''' "'" ''"""^^^ '" '*"^' '^ "'''^^-^ ^^^ Pith : study self, study Providence, choose, persist. HOW TO CONDUCT FAMILY PRAYER. SD&JSSJ ** »ccordinsf toyour strength—Gifts differ, but the .pint 18 one. Some Christians have great Huency and boldness it! ffi™'in°tl';«l*'V^' 'P'"'- °' ^^*'^*'">'' '^"^ «« unable rfe^S trin?nl P T"^- ^'""°' P''*"^ to natural timidity, or untoward it P*^« Jwnjly prayer.— If you cannot have it in one form h«v« It in another, but lave it. You are intrusted with the fM^oninff of Slt^wEVl? *"^ '!'t"^'''c^l * '»'"»y ' you can hardSy do your tVS 5 the cJ^ir'VAu' 'r 'i^ ;^°"»>*?- ^he famUy is^Jhe ctSn'St'erhrm^'^*'*'^ '''' '^ ^'''' order hK,f /all; Collect your household as far as possible at a stated hour ««nK ^n^i^k^ Atn^ToSe^t^^^^^ ''' *'^ '"^^"«' "^^^ ;n ♦ll'a! *^'?°'* °'"^'" *^ ^"^^ «a°'» member of the family take Dart ^urhrfeerrtJ! ' xirsiir. SLT ^^^ ^^^^^^^^ iiSn'n" 1*^' ^*""^ ''*° P*»y' "d you hVve~k plant omrgan 'kS (^S) wK5re"hel5' *'; ^^-^T- .4«' thirj^f ?he' ffthS rivi! ^' . • " . ® '*®*" *nd minister of the family church 1»»<1 »n prayer, closing with the I^ord's Prayer, in whicTalf joir ' 'iMW % * i III 3i HOMR AND HbALTH. f.i.:i! ff""^ li "j°*.* profoBsmjr Cl.rmtittn, and does not forbid «mdy worship the duty of leadorahip devolves upon the mother uhe swne as in the cano of the to.nporal death of thn father Maav a family has been trained into righteousness by tho fidelity of the mother. While it .s often a great cross for a wife and mother to boa? these burdens, yet God honors this fidelity by saving the ch hlron restraining the husband, and often leading him to lift. ^""""^<"'' If the fatiie" cannot command courage to load in nraver it in nffo« found profitoble for him to read the L.u d'. Prayer iKaJ of iffeSS a prayer of his own construction. onenng KlifJll^ ^'*'^'" **""?• «^«» y«»t»''e so far, many families have been blessed and nurtured in godliness by all kneeling and uniting in .S prayer for a few moments. In the absence of|other modes the read s"piril 5ffi rrfald^ ''' ^"'"'"'^ '' ^'--'- - ^-^»X 1 av.ng other members of the family, the wife, or some of Jhe chd^ dren, follow the father in leading in prayer |i GRACE AT THE TABLE. Render unto Ood thanks for daily bread. -This should be done reveren ly by the head of the family. Some families stanS round the table till the blessing is invoked. ^ Som^fLSrsinlrthi ong-meter doxology. Some families sing the doxoTogy aonhen ollow It with the vocal blessing. Some finilies bow their heads i 3ilence each Invoking God's blessing. Some families repeat each a verse o Scripture. Some families repeat the ScriDtures Sh.i« i^ then ask the blearing. Any form that Lms Eesrs Sei to the tas es and convictions of the family is irood enoncrh ThlZ^^ ■ I ■ .0 .ckn«ww«. .„d th.uk a'o". r/sfw. i^:zsSg. •' HOW TO PROFIT BY HABIT. Habit bocomes dMtiny. OoJ gives us he power to form hahita Sthe LTS "•'"S.'""' "'"J^V"- ■ f ' improvement TuZ hwS IiTVk'I/k. ij '"^f«»==" xacihty. Trayer, laith, regularity in life Hiwt?.*K^**' up st^diness of character, is augmented by haWt' Habit » the parent's hold upon the child, and the good mm'n pJww ► Uinta and Helpa in Conversation. 86 a^ainat Satan. The formation of a habit reduces to this timpio direction : Apply yourself W) a given plan industriously, punctually, and persistently. Having this power in your mind, use it in acquiring habits of obodtence and of faith. .' HINTS AND HELPS IN CONVERSATION. The ability to converse instructively and elegantly is one of the greatest endowments and accomplishments. By it other m ds, even of the highast order, are led with the greatest ease. It is a uelightful way in which to receive and impart information. Varillos said : ?^ *fi" mJ"'*^'' ^'''*'*' ^ i^riow, I have learned nine from conver- sation. Ihe gift of speech is man's supremo distinction. This is one impassable gulf between him and tlie lower grades oi life. Its use in the common everyday intercourse of life makes up a large part of the intellectual activity of the race. Nothing in culture can exce»^d the importance of doing it well. The following hints and helps have been carefully gleaned from a wide range of authorities, and are hero presented as matter familiar to many of our readers, but as matter wh^oh each successive generation needs to learn for itself : The soul of refined conversation is the same as the soul of refined nianners, namely, good-will toward others and a desiie tosecuio *n«'r comfort and increase their happiness. This great law untlerliea •11 the I ilea on this subject. The authoritative putting of this law IS, Do as you would be done by. Say nothing unpleasant when it can be avoided. Avoid satire and sarcasm. Never repeat a word that was not intended for repetition. Cultivate the supreme wisdom, which consists less in saying what ought to be said than in not saying what ought not to bo eaid. Often cultivate " fias-hes of silence." It is the larger half of the conversation to listen well. Listen to others patiently, especially the poor. Sharp sayings are an evidence of low breeding. Shun faultfinding and faultfinders. Never utter an uncomplimentary word against anyone. _ Compliments delicately hinted and sincerely in .ended are a crace in conversation. ° Commendation of gifts and cleverness properly put are in good taste, but praise of beauty is otFensive. Repeating kind expressions is proper. Compliments given in a joke may be gratefully received in ■ (Baniest. '' The manner and tone are important parts of a compliment. Avoid egotism. Dpn't talk of yourself, or of your friends, or your deeds. Give no sign that you appreciate your own merits. *i Jl i# mv .V . 3d HoMB AND Health. Do net become the distributer of the small talk of » community Ihe smiles of your auditors do not.mean respect, e ^sm "*'^*"'^ '*** impression of ono fl'led with " suppressed vamr*"^ n»ent»on Voar own peculiarities; for culture destroys Avoid exa|?geration. Do not be too positive. Do not talk to hearvourself. Do not talk to display oratory. silFn^ce!""' *'^ ^ ^^^ '" '^^^^^^'t'O". JooWng around to enforce hewt '^'^^ *^*"'*^** "'"^ etiquette for the natural dictates of the naii't^^' **** conversation where others can join with you. and im- part to you useful information. ' ' Avoid oddity. Eccentricity is shallow vanity. Be modest. ' Be what you wish to seem. If you find bashfuluess or embarrassment oominc UDon von An m KL'IT*'*"'* * V°°^ . '^^^. <'0'«'"onesfc matteJ^geSJly^aUted is better than an embarrassing silence. Sometimes chi^riniyourroe^! tion, or looking into a book for a moment, may relie^yoSem^. rassment, and dispel any settling stiffness? ^ the^'ame*c1mpry7 "*'"'"' "' "^*'°« "^^'^ "^^'^ *•>*» -^<^ ^ Avoid repeating a brilliant or clever saying. able*"*' * *^"^ ^^'y' ^° '''^ *"• P^«'*«« «*" °"ke it excus- Teui^"ccu«1^,;!***"' 0"'y"«« illustration, and not for itself. Be careful in asking questions for the purpose of startina conver- sation or of drawing out a person, not to be rude or intrusive Never take liberties by staring, or by any rudenei. * Never infringe upon established regulations among stranirers Do not always prove yourself to le the one in the ri£ The right wiU appear. You need only give it a chance. * Avoid argument m conversation. It is discourteous to your host Never discourse upon your ailments. Encourage yourself against threatening timiditv at mentint/ it ^a™ panyby tile thought that you could Llk wiJ^/nl'^"!?"** **2^^' Like JNapoieon, take them iu detail. ' ' """ "* ^^^' Use correct language, Kever use slan^ UmU and lletpa ui Conversation, 87 niiy. Msed broya Force the im« oer 1 ia tMur- ein lea. ma- elf, er- ["be at. dd of »nt SCO. company Never ase worda of the meaning or pronunoiaiiiou of which you are uncortain. Uae Saxon words, and avoid foreign words. Avoid rcpotitiona and hackneyed expressiona. Avoid discussing your own or other people's domestic concerns. Never prompt a slow speaker, as if you had all the ability. In conversing with a foreigner who may be learning our language, it ia excusable to help him in some delicate way. Never give advice unasked. Suit your address to the agea of the persona with whom you are speaking. Do not manifest impatience. Do not interrupt another when speaking. Do not find fault, though you may gently criticise. Do not appear to notice inaccuracies of speech in others. Do not allow yourself to lose temper or speak excitedly. Dot not always commence a conversation by allusion to the weather. Do not, when narrating an inciden*- ?cntinually say, "you "you know." Do not intrude professional or other topics that the generally cannot take an interest in. Do not talk very loud. A firm, clear, distinct, yet mild, gentle, and musical voice has great power. Do not be absent-minded, requiring the speaker to repeat what has been said that you may understand. Do not try to force yourself into the confidence of others. Do not use profanity, vulgar terms, words of double meaning, or language that will bring the blush to any one. Do not allow yourself to speak ill of the absent one if it can be avoided ; the day may come when some friend will be needed to defend you in your absence. Do not speak with contempt and ridicule of a locality which you may be visiting. Find something to truthfully praise and commend; thus make yourself agreeable. Do not make a pretence of gentility, nor parade the fact that von are a descendant of any notable family. You must pass for Just what you are, and must stand on your own merit. Do not contradict. In making a correction say, pardon, but I hcd an impression that it was so and so." in contradicting, as you may be wrong yourself. Do not be unduly familiar ; you will merit contempt if you are. Neither should you be dogmatic in your assertions, arrogating to yourself much consequence m your opinions. Do not be too lavish in your praise of various members of your own family when speaking to strangers ; the person to whom you are speaking may know some fauita that you do not. Do not feel it incumbent upon yourself to carry your point in con- versation. Should the person with whom you are conversing feei the same, your talk may lead into violeut aigumeat, "I beg your Be careful \ im BB Some Aim Health. Do not allow yourself to use personal abuse when soeakinff frt A few fen's 'o '^.'^"'"^ y"".™*y "^'^^ *^^** person7li?eirg enemy Do nKl.^'"'*^*'?!^''^' "?'«''* *»*^« "^« him a lifelong friend' Do not discuss politics cr religion in general company Yon oro bably would not convert your opponentfand he wuf Convert vou To discuss those topics is to arouse feeling without any gcSdTestdt' we^thy n'^onf/rr^""^ l^^"« acquainted with drslif^fshed o, f^rS^nds^^ '^^^ ''V^«^' °^ «^ '•'^^i^g visited youJ^art. *'''' '' °° ^'^'^^^^'^ "* *°y "-eal genuine worth on Do not use the surname alone when speakinc of your huahan*! nr shows respect and good br^ding. ^ ' *'*'"^^' , Do not yield to bashfnlness. Do not isolate yourself siffinr, l,«ni, on rSu^tonlv,^.," y°""'^l *° admonish comparative strangers co?dU'ftt'foC?ngf * ''^ '''''' ''''"' ^^^I-'-' ^'-^^ ^J^-l' ^e Choose your company, as you do your books, for profit if nS/pa"rr"P^"^- " '""'^ *^« ^P-^' i'nbfbelnformation; inWeIr **''°^'°« conversation by introducing a topic of general When any helpful thing is said, retain it. :Bear with, much impertinence. It will cure itself Be free, and try to make others the same! GOOD MANNERS. actltsf "''" ^ ^°''"8 '^y ''''^^^'' «« %««". -^d showing it in B^iT!!.!!!?.^"!*^''^^.^ '^P'^ '^'^««'1'"«- Simple souls. v.ith . ciDles" of'Ln^'"^'' " «*"!««"'«. «"J no comprehension of the prin: SwledWthTn •''•', ^*^^"*"«''^ '"'^"y *o undervalue a list iinowledge of the pnnoipleB and applicatiow that aid in furnieSg Good Manners. 39 the true lady or true gentleman. Many will be helped by knowing hat formal etiquette, such as the Japanese monarchs eJtort ftiif mil !^\tl.''*'' ^""^ T^^^ •""* **^ e^^** «<''''«*y' *»d i*8 Pl«=e has been illed with a reign of cmmon sense and groorf.?«i«. Some people clorv m their rMrfenc*«, which they often dignify with the name oifranl '111 ^^'^yT'"i''*^*''H°'*^"**"^*J^** the claims of good breeding are as radical and eterna asthe fundamental p-»aciples of morals^ Ihe divine law of politeness is stated by the Great Teacher" in these words, ';As ye would that men should do to you. do ye also Z hem likewise." Politeness has been defined as "only an eSnt form of justice," but it involves, also, all the moral and social feel- S«r, .f»ln"°^-^ \T^^ for the rights of others, in the smallest Telf ?^^n7tnf ' '" ft 'f *'1- }^ " *^'"^"««« «f ^^^'^ expressing Itself. Good-will good taste and self-control, are easily matured intS politeness. Kindly aflfectioned one toward another, is the sJeS secret of good manners. ^ ' Bishop Ames saw an Indian Chief at »n official interview with President Jackson. The Chief was as graceful as Henry Clay The Bishop said to the Chief, "How is it you are so grace uK never having studied etiquette ?" The Chief replied, " I ha?e no mad tllk 'ir "?! .K^^n^ ^*"""*''»° «h«"ld be a'gentleman or a laly Z^7^^ \1^}\^^^T^^^ °^ '"« thirteenth chapter of First Co thP rlfi"!:,« ^'."' the Spint and good-wiU of the Master in the heart, the refinements of the rules of good breeding are easy. For " polite ness IS benevolence in little things." ^ fal'i-lT!?" 5'«« J Break your bread, not cut or bite it, spreading each piece with butter as you eat it. , Your cup was made to drink from, and your saucer to hold the cup. It is not well to drink anything hot ; if you drink tea or coffee, wait till it ooois. Eggs should be eaten from the shell (chipping off a little of th« larger vud), with or without m egg-cup. Table Manners. 41 ii Be attentive to tlio wants of any lady wljo may he seated next to you, especially where there are no servants, and pass anythinc tliat may be neetlfnl to others. j e> "•<' There are some who insist that when a plate is sent to be replen- ished the knife and fork must be laid together on the plate. But we are happy to say that idea is being generally discarded. The kmfe and fork should be taken from the pl»te when it is passed, and either held in the hand, or laid down with the tips resting on tiie sohtaire, butter-plate, or a piece of bread. The last way is less awkward, and much more convenient than holding them in tho hand. When you have finished the course, lay your knife and fork on yoiir plate, parallel to each other, with the handles toward your right hand. j "' Wipe your nose if needful. U necesfary to blow it, oi- to spit. leave the table, Never say or do anytliing at tiie table tliat is liable to produce disgust. Little mistakes, and occasionally a troublesome accident, mav occur at table. Always meet them with quiet dignity and self- possession. Do not by undue attention increase the embarrassment. It IS well not to seem too much in haste to commence, as if vou were famishing, but neither is it necessiuy to wait till everybodv is served before you commence. ^ It is perfectly proper to " take tlie last piece " if you want it always presuming that there is more of the same in reserve. Table Improprieties- —Never reach over another person "s plato. ftever stand up to reach distant articles, instead of asking to have theia passed. ** ^^l^T, "?K ^''"V" knife and spoon for buttor. salt, or sugar, when It is the custom of the family to provide separate utensils lor ine purpose. l„il*T ri*'"P' r"' *'"* ^f * <^"PP'"K fr^m them on the tablo-oloth. instead of tho mats or small plates furnished. Never eat fast, smacking the lips, nor make unpleasant sounda witn the mouth. Never put largo or longpipces in the mouth. Never open your mouth when chewing. Never leave the table wjth food in the mouth. Never attempt to talk with the mouth full certalirdiihes."''" *** *' '* """"^ ^""^'■^' "' **' " *"''*'"' ^ S^' '^^ Never sit at too great a distance from the table. Sw p":knrs""7ti'bt! "'* *'° """ '"' """• •" •""■'^' Never whisper at table. Never yaw5 nor stretch nor indicate restlcssneag at the taUo. Never adjust the hair, clean, nor cut tl.c luul.. Never boU th« table-cloth if it is posaibie to avoid it, « f:!' '% »(, id Home and HealtiJ. Never carry away fruits and confectionery from the table. Never encourage a dog or cat to play with you at the tal)le. Isever explain at the table why certain foods do not agree with you. Never come to the table in your ahirt-sleeves, with dirty hands or disheveled hair. Never express a choice for any particular pai-ts of a dish, unless requested to do so. Never call loudly for the waiter, nor attract attention to yourself by boisterous cr-:.duct. Never hold bones in your fingers while you eat from them. Cut the meat with a knife. Never pare an apple, peach, or pear for another at the table, without holding it with a fork. Never put your salt, or anything except bread, on the table-cloth. Never wipe your eugers on the table-tloth, nor clean them in vour mouth. Use the napkin. Never allow butter, soup, or other food to remain on your whiskers. Use the napkin fi'equently. Never wear gloves at the table, unless the hands from some special reason are unfit to be seen. Nevsr, when serving others, overload the plate, nor force upon them delicacies which they decline. Ner M pour sauce over meat and vegetables when helping others. Piace ■. at one side on the plate. Never make a display of finding fault with your food. Very q.ietiy have it changed if you want it difterent. Never make a display when removing hair, insects, or other (Va- asreeabie thmgs from your food. Place them quietly under tl.e edge of your plate. Never make an effort to clean your plate or the bones you have beeH eating from, too clean ; it looks as if you left off hungry. Never, at one's own table or at a dinner-party elsewhere, leivo nefore the rest have finished without asking to be excused. At a Iiotel or boarding house this rule need not be observed. Never feel obliged to cut off the kernels with a knife when eatin:r green corn ; eaten from the cob, the corn is much the sweetest. Never eat so much of a -y one article as to attract attentii n, as 8c me people do who eat large quantities of butter, sweet cake, cheese, or other articles. Never spit out bones, cherry pits, grape skins, etc., upon your plats. Quietly press them from your mouth upon the fork, and lay tliem upon the side ot your plate. ^ Never allow the conversation at the table to drift into anything at chit-chat ; the consideration of deep and abstruse principles wiJl luipair digestion. Nejer permit yourself to engage in a heated argument at the table. JNejiuer anoina you use gestuics, nor iliuatriiuons made with a knife or fork on the table-cloth. Never pasa forward to another the dish that has beeu handed -o I )Ie. alile. igiee with irty hands ish, unless bo yoxirself lein. Cut the table, »blo-cloth. iui in your ■whiskers. me spcciul orce upon ng others, 3d. Very other c1 a« under the yon have lere, Jeivo id. At a len eating etest, entii n, as Le, cheese, ipon your {, and lay anything jiples wiJl the table, ch a knife xaudod «0 Chnrch Manmrs—Tntvodnctions. 43 yon. unless requested to do so ; it may have been purposely deslmed Zntl ^''""" ''"°^''"' '"'"^y eive him Jr l!er what is^Tiot Nover ppt your feet so far under the tablo as to touch those of the pe.son on cne opposite side ; ..e.ther should you curl them under nor at the s'ie of your chair. Never praise extravagantly every diMi set before vou ; neither should you appear indiflerent. Any article may have praise. CHURCH MANNERS. Be on time. No one has a right needlessly to disturb a conffreaa- tion or a preacher by being tardy. v-uiijj,oij« Never look around to see who is coming in when the door opens. It diverts your own and others' att ntionYrom the exercises, and i^ discourteous to the leader. ' o ^iier ^^^ ""^ whisper in church, especially after the exercises are Never pull out your watch to Pee what time it is when the text is announced, or during the sermon. Better to feed on a sermon than %o tfimo it/* Conform, if possible in conscience, to the usages of the church in which you worship. Kneel, stand, bow, accordingly. Never manifest your disapprobation of what is being said bv un. pleasant sounds, or signs, or by hastily leaving. i>o not fidget, as though the service" were a weariness. Be quiet and decorous to the very end. Do not put on your overcoat or adjust your wrappings till after the Doxology has been sung. ti » ^ 1 aivcr No gentlemru ever defiles a place of worship with tobacco. Never be or,-> of a staring cro yd about the door or in the ves before or after service. Do nothing out of keeping with the time, place, and purpose of a religious assembly. > r . r ^t/uoc ui Let your politeness be positive. Invite the near stranger to a seat. Offer him a hymn-book, or share with him your own. Be cordial to all. But do not bo offended if you are not specially noticed I vestibule, INTRODUCTIONS, HOW TO GIVE THEM. It is neither necessary nor aesirable to introduce everybody to everybody. An introduction is a social indorsement, and you become to a certain extent, responsible for the person you introduce ' As a general rule, no gentleman should be presented to" a ladv without her r\RrmiRair>n l->o>n#» nmirl/^iio],. -u*.»:__j t>-jl .. ' ... y • — i",~~'. *s i"'^--"-— "'j ooi/oincu. i>c6woca eentre- men this formality is not always necessary, but you should have cooa reason to believe that the ac".'^'" T** *" of real interest in reference tJ his health anHth!* "fV"y "V'cative another person you bow r'spectfulfv t^^^^^ T<> should never come into the Kence ^f anv nf ^'"^'"'IV ^"* y*^« form of salutation. pieseuce of any person without some It is a great rudeness not to return u salutation Thp tu,„i, 4. RECEPTIONS. BEST METHODS possessed manner, and w.thou^t" nT'^i^cVs^arrcSeS "'' "''■ .„J^,fc°y?"« «",t'' ^''?'>''' announced or LtriS;„«dU*.u. ^tts; ^^ij?„,^ ii^-i-^ ^I'its -Ef^ 1>« Mat«d upon the iiofa, *^ * " » " * **"X> beg her to Visitfi and Calls. 45 If the mastor of the house rpceivcs the visitors, he will take a chair and piuce himself at a little distance from them ; if the mistress, and she is intimate with the lady, she will sit near her. If severrd persons come at once, we give the most honorable place to the one who is most entitled to respect. In winter the most honorable places are those at the corners of the fireplace. If the visitor is a stranger, the master or mistress rises, and any persons who may be already in the room should do the name. If some who are present withdraw, the master or mistress should conduct them as far as tlie door. But whoever departs, if we iuivo other company, v « may dispense with conductiuflt'farther than tiie door of the room. VISITS AND CALLS. There are visits of ceremony, congratulation, condolence, and friendship. Visits of ceremony should be short. Visits of oODgratulatiou are paid to a friend on the occurrence of any particularly auspicious event in his family, or on his appoint- ment to any office or dignity. Visits of condolence ehould be made within the week after the event which calls for them. Visits of friendship are to be regulated by the peculiar laws of friendship and the univer.'-al principles of good manners. Visiting cards should be engraved or hundsomely written. A written card is preferable to a printed card. A gentleman's card should be of medium size, ungl.-vzed, and plain. A lady's card may be larger and nicir, and may be conveniently carried in a can! . ase. A gentleman attending Ja(flti3 nuiking morning call.^ or visits of ceremony should ring the bell, /oZ/(>«; the ladies in, and be the last lo greet— unless he has to introduce. In terminating the call he should be the last to rise, the last to part, and should follow the ladies out. A morning call being brief, a gentleman may hold his h.it, and a lady may keep on her things. Of course, soiled overshots and wet wraps should be left outside the reception room. A gentleman attending ladies should selJoi . ii ever be seated wliilo they are standing. A gentleman attending should be prompt to serve thein as to their [larcels, parasols, shawls, etc. Do not stare around the room. Do not take a dog or small child. Do not linger at the dinner-hour. Do not fidget with your eane, hat or parasol. Do not make a call of ceremony on a wet day. X>o not turn your back to one seated near vou, Do uot touuh th« piauo unleM ins it^d to do 39. /' i il:' i\ #1. ) ; i' :- ' :'f I 40 Home and JIealth. I>o not inaka a display of consulting your watch. JJo not handle omamenti or furniture in tlie room. Do not go to tl»o room of an invalid, unless invited 1)0 not remove the gloves when making a formal call 1)0 not continue the call longer when conversation begins to ha o o nTkT.r'T r".?"-l "'* '"^y ""«" *he point ofgoing m.?: of^he"?5oT"'*'""^"' ^'^" *»''*"»d°^-. or alter the arrangement inv'iSatioiS'iomSir'" "'"""* '^"^ '"''^'^'"« *»'» --"'ing an im^,;rrant;rars.'''" '"' *''" '^''^'''^ "''^ *<> ««• "»'- ^^r fortirhorels.*"""' *'*'''°^'"' "*'"'"'°« P'«'»-. ^'»'« waiting satt»":L'n maldng SfJs'"' "'«'*'" " "^'^'^^^^ *°P-' '^ -»-- caSri^y^feKSd'' *'^ "^"^ " '''^"''^«'^- ^* » '^^^^ to of w7a?t'h:tera"„S SSa^S "'"""^ circumstances with a display «o2rprorotfa.X"tr?hl^i°' youmeighhors. Do not carry 4^:ae tlyr: :£i:3^.s^* ««^«^*"^ - p- taf ^q;S«rjf Si^lft- S^^^ positively cer- "nnt^f &»i*''^ P*""" y°" '^««''-« *o 8«« " "engaged- or kinff an nrdinapw uioi^' many cards as you would Tf^makTngTnTrdi.'i^y'irii'™ .i\l'^t l!.''l^''Jf °o* ^>"* his room till. , having If he is out, add In calling on a „..„« .„ , „„^., „„ not visit h ylT^'f T"''" ^y 'r^' h« ''•ds you "ome your address to your card, and leave it for him In general, vuits should be toturaed Derson.llv or h. i &r """ '"""' "^ *"'" ""i™ •». - Sr °;,Xi^ i Hoetc and Guests. HOSTS AND QUESTS. 47 »,n5°5«' *^°**^^ **^^ *^«^' ^«8t8 the home-feeling. -If a hoBt, do not worry your gueiit«» But let them alone. You should not by over-attentions m»ke thetn realize they are not at home, and perhaps wish they wero» ' Promote their convenience and comfort, and open to the!,, reason- able sources of entertainment and improvement, but in such an easy, graceful way a« will make it seem no trouble to you. but m pleaaure. ' ' """ " You should not let their presence causelessly interfere with your domestic arrangements. Inform them as to the hour for meals and family worshiD, for retiring and rising-whether there will be a nsing-bell. You should let them see that they fall as it were naturally into vacant nlaces in the home circle. Your rooms and table should be furnished hospitably, but not extravagantly. If any thine extraordinary renders an apology neces- aary, make it at onw>, and cease. Do not disgust by depreciating yoor preparations and " regretting " that you have not better. When they speak of leaving, you wQl of course express any desire you feel to have them sUy longer, but do not urge them against their and your sense of propriety and duty. Guests should show their hosts the home-feelinit.-When a guest, learn as quickly, and conform as fully, as possible to your Jf fw- i^ customs. It IS better for you, by a little thought and attention, to adjust yourself to their household arrangements than tor some of them to be inconvenienced, it may be, in their avoca- vions. „«?^ mI* Pii?/*T ^°^^ ^^^y* •"** yo"' "rticles of dress in order, you will a4d to their appreciation of you. If they lack help, you may readily find ways of rendering them considerate service. Appointments.— Be exact in keeping all appointments. II you make an apjpointment witn another at your own house, devote your time solely to him. If you accept an appointment at the house of a public officer or a mim of but xnese, be very punctual ; transact the aflair with dispatch, and retire the moment it is finished. «'i'»*^«. At a dinner or supper to which you have accepted an invitation, be strictly punctual. Do not arrive much before the time nor an^ t^l'JlJ^lt °° "'J occasion where ceremony is required, seud in your card with an apology, and retire. •> i > Dinner Parties.— On receiving an invitation answer at once, positively accepting, or declining with " regrets. " 1 t f ^"th*T' • ?** "°' ^^^ *"°"®'^ waiting. Better be too A;^i«"„ ,«„ isn may offer his arm to a lady, and conduct her to the g^^l^f « r*'^*^® ''f^*®" leading the way, and the others foUowing- iliXP ^**f T *° *g? ""^ '^^^^' 'f«»«>»^8 ios respect. A lady takes le left arm of the geatlcman. ' I '■% ':% 48 Home and HealtiI. 1 If «eneral converaation ^ seated apart for more ty»3S"' ""»""-"'» --J »» « .W?t.ble, .„d served If'"L''™r r'"5 '""■"- P"«nKs «nd tart, with apoo,,, ooLd'nT^wlT" °" ""''■ ■"> "» «"e«» ««Trpe with the I..lereha„ge civilities .„d thoughts with those nea. you u«t^s:?iK.t5„td°rt'h:rvi?ii"„^^'" ^"'""«"" •» » p"«y. .;»z,tetK%r.E„7,r;'ir-ffj^i.r'?^ tile comnanv salnfa ««„» » © <•" wuj^ uiuer, inen tninirle with l^eld wui ot«^^^^^^^^ W be Bl."r/r:r :T2t{; a^f^u^obt^b^^ crptTlperse. he hosts will permit unobserved as proper respect for the ve?s5r'^\Tei;?rU^VS"'Tt"^ ^°.^^^^^^**« ^h-""- priate for family "itheriug" aij for t^'"" ' Peculiarly appro- There are no custLs cScted w?.h IV «f'^*°g« «f presents, discussion here. connected with the day requiring special ma?iL?p'eTte^?o^Tu"onTis^?/J' '"'^ "^^'' '''*'^«' -^^y gentle- day, and each ladv wl" rece ves cill-T^'TV"''' °" New Year's houors of her house. *"^ ™"'* ^« prepared to do the I...? vmagefto auioSnce'fr h' ^^«'''«"«ble for ladies in many cities tiou to rfceive cTs upon Net'YeSr '' ')' {^'^ °^ thei/inten excellent, as it enaM gentlempnTr^^^^^^^ P'"^*=*'''« '« ^^ly prepared to receive them S»th^tnoo^^ ^''" ^« deuce are so frequent in the ?a?i'v"' >''^f' ^^*"g«« "^ resi- ^^T:ct^¥^ ' ^^^^^^^^^^ ''^ '"'"^^'^'^ 1 the gentle, itlemcn are t master of Husbands t for more 36 " is said, bo left. If and served J with the in general, nt if you o a party, iialute the ngle with i may be perses, he ct for the the anni- ly appro- presents. ; special y gentle- ir Year's ;o do the ny cities ir inteu- is very will be of rcsi- lication ot to be snien to >at and ike tho Hosts and Guests. 49 tained upon the hand during the ca but ih'' *"•« «0'"«t"»'^^ >^^- ai-fi Bflnf n« „r,A . , " uunng ine call, but this is optional. Cards Th« ! 11 P' ."/ *'i^ gentlemen are ushered into the recention room shall receive her iniests at hfirnu,« kI^ t . "•? •*'® conveniences common for erve^T ladies 1 ^leet^?';.,'"* ' i'' ^'''"i^^iblo and receive calls together li fact S1« nil 'l 7'" """'' *"' °"«' «'"l to receive together as ivpS' i.l P^^''«*»* f«r t«^o or more ladies a party of seve a^' SntLme.^ wh? """^ *^ '"*"■" ^""''^y ^"'^'t'-^i" may be deemed ^dSirablewr*^^^^^^^^^^ *" ^"'''^ '"^^ drinks should be allowed ' R^frJ **^ *^°'^?«' ^« intoxicating essential tLv can be Ln^nl^ Tk"*? *''^ '" °° «*«« absolutely T »j- ^""'y can oe aispensed with if not convAnionf Ladies expect ng calk on New Ypa,'« «v.^ convenient, receive from 10 am to o „ i, wk'i °",'^ ^^^ '" readiness to they also frequently go i^iEs llr^lt P""'""^" ^«y go »lone. upon all the ladies of ?hoSarJvknHw^' "'" °' '"^''«- ^liey call iatroductions t^ke placercar^e beinJtirJThr ""* ^''l"^"*^'^' intrude themselves whor^tKL^ij^'^ ^''*' persons do not gentleman shouW L providS J.itr."V "'^^ ^' ^'^'^'^'- ^aoh lusown name udou each S Z u- l*T °T^«'' ^^ cards with ladvof th rmpS:»;-h^o^-^^^^^^^ he will present to every pi^lt"ev';?th\'rndSSorthe*S" i^'^'T^' ^* being often rec1ri^X"i^a trr^^^^^^^ expected, to very brief, and are made dfiuJhtfnii i -"^"e ^a^'s are necessarily of face and convrrS? ffiowetfriaL^'/.r*""'^^ f ^"^« interchange of compliments unon th^ ^ ■ ^"'^ ^''^^ '"'^y ^e the is a stranler to the fS^^iV 5eel .tl^^ ".° ^^^l^^ ""^'^ ^^o out a subsequent invitation ** ^^"""^y *« ''^ "g^i" with- for c:ifi:r;pt";a SSff i^^ ^^\^'« -« *^« '«^-' ^ays season, comment u^n thp^noTi * ^^ P*^' ^^^ compliments of the of the' hoiidT\hTnVl'r;f ^vrr^^^ ^s ootLTuS^^S ^^ visitoi;.-*!*^;^:^;^,;^ the intimacy S i Wend^^'wdf °^"'' refreshments, and S^enjo? I % B N> li I I 60 Home and HEAttH. I ii WEDDINGS. It is well to know that custom givei the parties full lih«rtv ♦« #„! For a stylish wedding, two or more brides-maids and two or more groomsmen are exp^jted to be in attendance. * nf ifJ" f V 7«J*'*»''« in the evening, inviUtions should )>e civen at least a week before the occasion. The ladv fixes th.^.„ ^u mother or nearest female relative invite. tKe.^ ^*^- "" It is a common practice in a well-ordered wedding in the home for the guesta to assemole in the parlors, leaving a vafant swceTt thS end selected for the ceremony. At the ap^intedTime^he bridal party come into the parlor in the followi^ ordV Thr«Snd bndes.maid and groomsman, if there are onlv two «nt*r f i, b± W ht^* ^"* ''"^%:^'^i and'fi«"g^l,'r;;rn1'lXTh; SitL^tt™ SST;. *?" ?^^°'^¥°? clergyman meets them^so m ^ iS *°*'" ". ^^*y **''« **>eir position on the floor if ^^^nffi •• ^"""^r^ " Performed in tfiechurch (the berplace for It), the officiating clergyman takes his seat in the chancel oHnsidl the altar, and as the party come up the t^^sle in the ordel civen ftr;.ftL"r •"I ?"•!«« to his position, and the Ja?ty form iS front of the altar ; the bride and groom in the centerVtte bridi It the groom's left hand, the brides-maids at her l«ft .n^ «. men at the right of the brideSS,r So*l'timi^re**fi«t'ES^^^ ."ecl-^CKn?^^^^^^^ kJi " proper, if the bride prefers, to have only ushers witl,«„* erty to fol- ffO or more d be given day. Her e home foe wee at the the bridal he second r the room lastly the ;hem so m or. t place for 1 or inside der given Y form in B bride at e grooms- it brides- I, and the idegroom. he bride's Ilowedby ceremony ceremony B Church fficiatug. tlie bride t Mean- le clergy- then the upon the prooeedi without omsmen. t couple, laoes till retiring, Bads the ded, the >t, then i PumraU-BuUi ,J Conduct~.It is Polite, 6] cXnyrthrirtmtt\lit%sl'^^ *?« ^•''^*'-"- *^- '"^ forwVrdVn.1 introrcinrth« Lh^ "!!"*^" ?^ ceremonieB, bringing hapnioe. . iro" pe.1?y ' "^'"^ ^^"^ ''•PP^ couple %/ and to pu?rhrhlfd''a;"thr;'^ '^T"''" ^° ^'^""'^ '»« «'-«yman. of gold.^acco'; ii . I employed, ;« wl 'mjiu capital and To inquire courteoo - a ill •• JlTJi*? occasionally to all fro.p wli, '^v iU4uire courteoii > a ,, „ ,, .. ,„ i <■ • j ... meet, and to manifest a , lut, , ,.,, , , ti.em • "'''' °^ ^^""^ y°» lo devote a little sp.co .,. eve v lettL' to - k friends; *^ «vt ^ letiei tn itinembrances " for 'in you have received special kindnesses ; and faaltnna ^C i.1 < ^ I re I'' lUistomato the ta te.?^ ^ To inqutre after^^^ny'one of'wh '"' "' ^°" "^^ ^' ' have reason to be proud . """' -mtance your friend may To express felt mterest « w admiratioa of thow dear to him ; I ff^ 52 Home and Health. To avoid all remarks which tend to embarrass, vex, mortify, or in any way annoy thw feelings of another ; 'J" To avoid combating another's religious opinions or politics : 10 make ready sacrifices of comfort, as to escort a lady, or help a To avoid all practical jokes ; To avoid noticing personal defects ; To attend closely when addreased in conversation • lo avoid contradicting flatly ; To acknowledge by word or manner aU acts of kindness and courtesy even from relatives ; i"uuness ana fcdbgf f ''^''^^ *'^*'"*''^ '^''^" ^°" ^*''^ "'j"""®^ another, or hurt his cdversiT^- *^^ "''"*^*' l^indness to those who have been reduced by Bellrirpecf "^'^ ^"^ ^'"^^'^ another from mortification and wounded unreafonabl7"""^ ^'"' ""''*'^''' '^'""^ """^ S'atify him and is not Never— Never look over the shoulder of another who is reading or writing to W.r '"■''' *''' *"'"'^"" "^ *" acquaintance by a tolh Speak ow^'couktTy.'" *'*'''"°^ **''°*^' ^^ "^""^ ''''^«*^"^ '"^ P^-^'«« of y°«r Never exaggerate. othSr' *"''*^' questions in general company that have been put to Never point at another. Never call attention to the features or form of any one oresent ^.ZiTiVr *^^--*^-« --y the Christian UeLirre. prS^nt *^^"'' *° *'°''°^* '*'*'• <^«f">^'""y. or defect of any one Never w.,utonly frighten others, happens. *''^"^'' *°^^''' '™i***^«""«' ^^ excitement when an accident Never leave home with unkind words. Never neglect to call upon your friends yourTelf. ^"""^ ^''"' '^'^'^ ^''' * ^^"^* ^' ^•^•^'^ y«» «fe addicted Never laugh at the misfortunes of others donTo'do'sa *" ''*''^" ^"" ^*"" ^""*^^*'^' ""^^«« y«" ^"'^ P«rmi8. Never give a promise that you do not fulfil. andZer'skm it"" """'^ ' "^^^^^ ''^'^ ^'^ *=^"«« ^'^'^ ^°- ^'^^'y^^' Never send a present, hoping for one in return. Never pick the teeth or clean the nails iu company. I It is Polite. 53 iify, or in is; or help a ness and hurt his luced by kvoundtid id is uot writing);. Speak of your u i)ut to esent. iless re- lay oue iccident ddicted pennis* ;er you, { Never be guilty of the coutemptible meanness of opening a private letter addressed to another. Never question a servant or child about family matters. Never associate with bad company. Have good company or none. Never will a gentleman allude to conquests which he may have made with ladie;. Never present a gift, saying that it is of no use to yourself. Never fail, if a gentleman, of being civil and polite to Indies. Never refer to a gift you have made or favor you have rendered. Never fail to give a polite answer to a civil question. Never read letters which you may find addressed to others. Never betray a confidence. Never attempt to draw the attention of the company constantly upon yourself. Never pass between two persons who are talking together, with- out an apology. Never forget that, if you are faithful in a few things, you may be ruler over many. Never exhibit too great familiarity with the new acquaintance ; you may give offence. Never fail to offer the easiest and best seat in the room to an invalid, an elderly persoii, or a lady. Never neglect to perform the commission which the friend in- trusted to you. You must not forget. Never send your guest, who is accustomed to a warm room, off into a cold, damp, spare bed, to sleep. Never enter a room filled with people, without a slight bow to tlie general company when first entering. Never leave a room with your back to the company. Never fail to answer an invitation, either personally or by letter, within a week after the iuvitation is received. Never accept of favors and hospitalities without rendering an exchange of civilities when opportunity oti'ers. Never cross the leg and put out one foot in the street car, or places where it will trouble others when passing by. Never fail to tell the tiruth. If truthful, you get your reward. You will get your punishment if you deceive. Never borrow money and neglect to pay. If you do, you will soou be known as a person of no business integrity. Never write to another asking for information, or a favor of any kind, without inclosing a postage stamp for the reply. Never fail to say kind and encouraging words to those whom you meet in distress. Your kindness may lift them out of th«iir despair. Never refuse to receive an apology. You may uot revive friend- ship, but courtesy will require, when an apology is offered, that you accept it. Never examine the cards in the card-basket. While they mr>y be exposed in the drawing-room, you are uob expected tA) turn them over unless invited to do so. Never, when walking arm and arm with a lady, h<^. coatlmially 1 ;.IJ 1'-^ ||l^ ■ ( .if 64 Home and Health. ' clerk ! if •■> ov.Seer, . f J„/'f;"«'*a,,t, a„dy„„ ..id™, y„„ JO., .on where yo„ e'xerloTufi rr,"',™*'""' « '"4 tncities. ' "^^ great by imitating their ecoen! Home ihould be our heaven. ''' '"' "«M»ed for homo. AMUSEMENTS. THEIR IMPORTANCE. «a°' your boy,, tif, hoi,w S„"t \CK "'° 1""° "«' •"»..■ ohildreo u the world to leave it an „„i " J"™ ^">» '"O ".any Of noe.»,ryX^ '"«'»»'>« f«t.gao, weary the mind, or deprive S::|VS!;LtSerpr-^-- »"> "»'"-«»«», «™, ree, t.„„ «, ii„a mj mdividiial or oommuiilj" ^ "' BoTM Enteriainm«ni, 65 i HOME ENTERTAINMENT. Provide iu tlic home not only instructive, but also enter< taining reading. — The philosophers in the family are not the ditlicult questions. They care for themselves. You must arrange to entertain those who will not grapple with hard reading or dly books. A good story may induce them to read, and, reading, they can be led to better books While it is true that any good author will awaken inquiries which can be satisfied only bv research, it is still necessary to select the stories with great care. (Stories that present tome historical characters, and thus become a center in the memory for locating other events of an age, are good bait for a child without taste for reading. It is true that the parables are inventions, bat bhey partake more of thb character of high moral instruction than of amusement. Provide a good supply of pictures acdtoys for verv youn/; cllildren. — l^' is not extravagant, as it may seem. It nlla their time, keeps out bad thoughts, quickens iheir faculties, and prevent}- evils that can be corrected onl with great labor and pains. Enter into the spov > your children.— Lyman Beecher wa» ft champion racer on all lo'-a's with a child on his back. Lead the children to cultivate fruits and flowers.— It develops the love of the beautiful, and gives opportunity and means For ble{^3ing other people. Cultivate music, instrumental and vocal.— It cheers the home. Collect shells, plants, and specimens cf geology and mineralogy.— Not to weary as a study, but to interest the chil- dren iu studying the specimens, and learning all about them. En- courage all sorts of harmless games, which tend to quicken the observation, strengthen the memory, or develop the body. Tableaux and charades ^ive much amusement, and call forth a good deal of ingenuity and intelligence, and there are various games invented — literary, historical, geographical, and so forth — which are Tery cheap, and which convey a good deal of useful information. It m amusing to give nut a word, and call upon everyone to make two or more riiyming lines containing that word. Spelling matches are very lively and profitable, and when the company is disposed to bo grave, a word such as " tree " or •' water " might be given out, and everyone be asked to mention where it is found in the Bible. Give the boys boxes of tools.— It develops their mechanical skill and ingenuity. Give little girls dolls, and nice large dolls to larger jSfirls.— With this incentive they will speedily be introduced into the intri- cacies of dressmaking, millinery, and housekeeping more easily than in Eny Other way. Interest the children in decorating the home.— It in « good investment to furnish them materials with which to make littl^ i • ( h i ■ Mi 5 . ; ; ) I • III 56 Home and Health. ro^?«"tl?aetadX^t^^^^^^^ *^« value these thing, place where they are glad that he ever came "'"^ " °"'' As far as possible let each child havA a /«a»i».^< its own age. with congenial tMti« Tf ® * companion near upon somrforc^outsfdeWi family " * ^'^'" "^ '''''^"'■" *° ^raw YoY?!teiff d*%-L7^^^^ V ^"« g-'' «"'» wi«e. ).eopIe at your table Th« ^nwWffl I- I "'^°'-'»at'on »>y >neeti.,g theruostiustrucTive God ™ h^snitJli ^ '" **:"«« '« '''«"'y« social duty. It combines tne^benevXce'^f tZ' V''"\*"^ .°''^«'" ia«truction of the university "^''^'''''^''^^ °^ *»'e Cliurch with the yo??a?rinVe«cVirLTt^^^^^^^^ ^-e if or more young men and womerof con^eniiJ ,^'^7 ^^^'^'J social be ongings. can easily meet oncrduSe^^v wJk h ' *"f five or SIX months of the year With n^ Jmnilf ^wu ''' 'trough good books, and over these ?ead a o. d ht nT« ,""'^ ^t^ ^^^^ ^''y number, they can spenTanTour 2 - • i* ^' ^''"^^^^^ *''*"' profitably, they will find nE<, hit « i"**- *"?' Pleasantly and the remainder of The ti^e flSTpend toSS ^^^^ ^"'n'°° f'"" maybe varied with mm^ a. d the use of Sf " ?''««« gatherings members-original com^ositi^"! tclT^tiont anTJhe gl'? °' *'^ hafe%1?d&gKilfprtijf*^^^^^ some meiber of the fkm"li^irthrext^l*^i'„« fc^ ^^'^ ' '"onth Thus the family circular once a month l«fr."'\'* *° *^« "«**• HOW AND WHAT TO READ. nature and into the soul of mankind. A few hints ithflil ^u H better than a master. Indiscriminate Jeading w H give Sh t IS^^^i^::'' " '^'' "° -"^- ^ound^hioStt^^o A course of reading should develop all the intellectual faculties. frot fiL^^°J^f.^.Xfi!:?„«5:?*?reiT^«-«rtyv preventing you the culture" of vour"'mind""''TV^nM""' "°?P y?" /'"m undertaking >l How and What to Read. 67 Ohoosing books is important business. ~A single book may make or mar a life. Voltaire learned an inHdel poem when he was rive years old, and it molded his life. Hume, when a boy, took the infidel side ot a question in a debating society, and it cast his die. What books will you let come into the place of your "^arents and friends ? * Vour.h should be left to themselves in the selecting of books no more than in the selecting of companions. Tlie desirableness of books depends upon their truth to nature, their euphony, knguage, ideas, and vigor. The best books are those that elevate the clijiracter by moving the heart. Some books should be read, whether we like them or not, because they are neessary to education and culture. Some books should be read because they are so often alluded to by other writers and in general conversation. One should be thoroughly acquainted with the books and names of the authors of his own land. Patriotism should lead a man to know the glory in the midst of which he Hvos. Read occasionally good essays, biographies, standard books of travel, and a little standard fiction. Sometimes too protracted read- ing of heavy histories wearies the purpose of the uncultured, and the mind refuses to hold the results. Change of diet is good for body and mind. Let each prominent fact become a center of arrangement for other facts. When the piles are thu.- driven, it is wonderful how soon the sea waslies in a new formation and foundation for future building. P>ery book, and almost every paper, will add aoniething to the stock of knowledge. Some find a blank book and a penoil good compnnions in reading. Thus, marked passages can be retained for reference, or impressed on the mind by the work of writing. If convenient, read with a friend. Discussion clears and fixes in the mind what you read. Read aloud portions of every book. It enables you to test the style of the author. Never read second-class stories.— They steal the time and weaken the mmd. Never read what you 4o not wish to remember. 1. llj; IS |. 58 Home and Health. HEALTH. HEALTH AT HOME. haSS±^i^Km^ K^^^^^^ of the foundation pillars of theUt education It is an LLn." 1*'*"".?^ •"'" ''°«* ""struction and i.» the best worTand to th«S« ?' Pf^'nary to the l^eat success ness. Without t there L Ld,?e«? «t Jh'T'"*!" "'^ '"'^^'^ "««f»l- sorrow, instead of che^fil I'Xnlh^^X^^^^^^^^ ^'^"^ *"^ " A clear bright eye, wti?''.^* can pierce the sky With the strength of an eagle's vi.ion • And a steady brain, ' A J 1 ** ''*" ^^'^^ *'^« strain And the shock of the world's colli>.iou ;^ " A well-knit frame Witli the ruddy flame ^ «;• ^"^ *'^® P"'^®« leaping With the measure! time Of a dulcet rhyme, Their beautiful record keeping ; — " A rounded cheek. Where the roses speak Ul a soil that is rich for thriving. And a chest so grand That the lungs expand iixultant, without the striving ;_ "A breath like morn, When the crimson dawn Is fresh m its dewy sweetness ; A manner bright, AV ith joy in own completeness • — 1 I "Ogive me these. Nature's harmoni Y^x^c o iianuunies, And keep all your golden treasures j *or what is wealth To the boon of health. And Its sweet attendant pleasures ?" Uealth at Home. 80 ■s of and <:e88 )ful- and I What are fortunes and honors in the absence of the future healtlj •lid vigor ot our loved ones? What is home itself, where disease abides as a permanent visitor, and poisons every perfume with a malarious iufection ? ' '^ " lv??,?fi?:^^?™®,^*'^i^*'^y-'^" eloquent French author correct- Jy says that the whole of maternity is comprised inthesefour words • hlood, food, care, devotion. » Paternity is an equal sharer hero, both as to privilege and responsibility. What ministry is more delicate, moi« dilhoult, and more sublime? What work is greater than to give to coming parent and citizen a sound body, a stronu mind, and a good heart ? ' »vxwu^ i>r?v^!h!h5?^?*v^K^"^*. Begin Early. -There is an old Spanish pioveibthat "What enters with 8wad.".lng, comes out only with the shroud' Wordsworth truthfully w.ote in rhyme, "The child injatheroftheman." Manhood inherits childhood. Parentace is responsible for the character and value of the inheritance. fnTS^*!**'^"*!^ Illustrated.-" Behold a man !» said Napoleon to h 8 officers when he first met Goethe, who was the emboJiment of physical and mental vigor. The great poet lived to a great ag^. working on beyond his fourscore years, .ind remaining «' robust and ^«Sh« *''^ If *." says his biographer, after he lad «eea three generations swept by him to the grave. When he died-«« einhlu. ^owr-the medical authorities at Woimar. being curious to learn the physiological problem of such great work at such an advanced age. m^AQ^pod-mortem examination, which showed that all the internal as well as the external organs of the body were in "perfect condi- tion. And yet Goethe was feeble and sickly in childhood. Parental care, in the direction of thorough hygienic culture, with hu own resolution to indulge in not a single sinful habit superadded, broucht strength, and life, and usefulness. ** Another Illustration.— Alexander vcn Humboldt was another example of the good fruits of early and wisely directed health train- ing. Hence it was that his biographers were able to present him to the world as the Corypheus of physical science, and a man of uni- versa! culture; a man, also of « society,' and of courtly life." He crowded into his ninety years of successful life whole centuries of the life and toi of other men with equal natural endowment, but less carefully and less wisely trained. On the 3rd of May, 1859, the jonruals of Berlin announced : " Alexander von Humboldt has been conhned to his bed the last twelve days ; his strength has been gradually tailing, Im mind retaining all its clearnesa." In three days more, writes Dr. Abel Stevens, as the sunlight poured into his window, he exclaimed, "How grand those rays! They seem to bu, kon earth to heaven !" and died. For twenty years or more or 'the allotted was writing , , , ,'. — o — .. v.. .» v,» ...o 4,10. Buui uiio ut' the greatest ot hi8 generation. Sanitary work is brain woik ; and the successful bram work of mature age is the inheritance of the most careful Mwtary work m the nursery of an intelligent home. ei^ ! r . »■; ;f 3 .r 6d Home and Hkalth. CHOOSING A PHYSICIAN. hel'lfcfeVeS'^&rtiS^ '^P°««We. before Tl.eiecome emerZiciea .? i«rv if *''^''*t* ^*'* '" *''« selection. tion, and the p aS oner 1.^ T^ *'""? Y ^ *'""« ^«' cli«cri!nina. .ue.ionainvoD"r;reS„';oTa.?t7;rt^^^^ '^'^« surgS* k^ll^JrS^elt?^^^^^^^^ r"«"f «^ -^'''-1 or scrupulous oonsdence Th« .!l .ff ■ 1"°^ °^ S''"^ "^^''^Is antl a thcadmi88irofaToneofdoutfcri"r.° '"*""'*''' '"'^ ^-^oc^ fov pLyaiciau of bad Hite as von tn "* °' r«Putatio». Shun the of yellow fever or the DiauueT«h« " f '^f ^?""S ^''^ '"'«'="«" try to reform hini • be a - ri l ^ «"V *.^''""^''"* '" ^'ty him ; trLtohisproLionallrv^cTa S^^^ '"',"' ^."' ^« "o^ tirin hand. servicea, waitU dtmand a clear head and a of ?ete 5r^vS'±l?/5^^t" Lips-No one of impure speech, or immodest or vuiarsTouZt^'*<:«. eveu^professionally, in pression. ''O hrmea^rweTl '' \r^- *"^ ^"'^ '' ,^'^ ^»"' *»»« «^- does «o« mean weU andTf i;.! J . ' " ■ ''*''1 ""* **^ '"" ""''^ * '"a" unijecessaryrand 80 d,WfW ' ^".« "«'."oJ«8t expressions are so with the bStTactLe of 5i^l^ni'.f °""'"' "^'"^ f '" ^^^'^ '^''^'"''g^ «°d least possiWe excuse for fill? fl'^ *^,*? ^**^« h"" without the the best knowledge of thrhflf f i ^''"V^,^ '""y ""'' '^^sfc with even and the new iSJAStion fen r IT- ^^^ "««^ Phases of diseases, experiment. murbe^sLtJv'^^ additional observation a.u for the benefit of hls^L^nS ^ ^ ^''^'''^ P'"'"^"^ appropriated teirit ?'w^n°°i?foK.ar *^^"^d ^« Preferred?-We cannot We may not fntSe tlfn fr"Tf '^y "^'^ '^ *'»« ^««t for othe"s friends."^ The r pJe^^^^^^^ iX" n**^ '"**• ,*'»« ^'o™* ^^''^l^s o^ o"r early education S tirt of n/rl"1^ ." "'" ••^^•"^<= »" P«t of other questions more nimrLnf ??"**"?* observation. There are physicilu's scrooHf meSe lu SL'^Tk^J*'"'^ deternune the to the line required ? ^^''"^^' ^" *'»« i'g^t does he measure up Havinji rjjioseu Him. Give Win, „o««r..^«j-,-- . , Pa^-aicxiia Hui reuav in thnmn^i,.^ j'^Ux vvimuciico. — A good Choosing a Phi/uidan. ei convkitions and rigidly earnest in his professional work, he is sensi- live almost to a fault. A word or a look of mistrust disheartens him in his work ; while a word or a look of unreserved trust be- comes as inspiration to an intense zeal for the patient. Having Chosen Him, Be Considerate of his Time and Rest. — His season for sleep and for recreation should be respected. In case of necessity it may be appropriately disturbed, "but before doing it," says a well known niedjcal writer, "one should think twice." "It is his trade" is a harsh expression, and unworthy of considerate and devoted patients. Consider carefully your physician's hours for repose, for meals, and for church, and then care for him as you would have him care for you. Such appreciative Cjire on your part will be reciprocated by him a hundred-lold. Don't Abuse his Confidence by Trivial Calls.— if you rnn for him on every slightiiudispobition, and with unnecessary alarm excite his solicitude, and lead him to disarrange hia regular plans of visi- tation, he will soon learn to place a lower estimate upon your de- ' mands, and to respond to them with less promptness and solicitude. "Physicians dread fussy mothers." The Physician in the Intervals of Sickness.— We quote from the observations of Prof. Poussagrieves of Pans : "There is another mistake, which I must point out to motliers (without, how- •ever, slighting the fathers, they may well believe), that, namely, of looking upon the physician, once chosen, as havitig no part or func- tion in the family except when illness calls him there. It is a very narrow and a very dangerous conception of his rdle, and one which simply ignores one half of practical medicine, that is, hygiene. It is said that the Chinese pay their physicians with a liberality pro- tportioned to their freedom from sickness during the year. I do not advise that we should iuutate the Chinese ; but this stimulus to hygienic care certainly smacks of the judicious. We make our first appearance in families to take charge of patients, many grave ques- tions being resolved without our participation. Children often re- (ceive a guidance the reverse of what is proper, and we are called upon to fulfil the ungrivtoful ofiice of repairing the damages we might generally have prevented." It is Better to Care for a Man's Health than for his Disease. — "I would that the relations of physicians with their families were established on such a footing that the former should make visits as often as they should/judge necessary for tlie prevention of disease. This would be a very precious protective measure. To select a good physician, to put the health of the whole household into his keeping, to expect of him ordinarily, besides unforeseen calls, a visit at certain intervals — once a month for instance — how comforting would it be for the parental conscience?" vvhy do successful Medical Men often die Prematurely ?— This question is satisfactorily answered by Dr. Bennett : "Mortality in the medical profession after fifty years is greater than in any other profeesicn, and greatest of all among its most eminent and BucceaS' I ■'■:!( iV^ i f 69 Home aid Health. ^|i y •«»■"« medical ;n.nTvJtor.™ K ° ''° °°' »"'■•«»» to loS «»'' Ae labor of voiith. tK" ''^' ""!>«" 'fom them to th. as l<'ng as lie praotiaes. " ^®' *'''' ^° ^w work entirely himS phydcta """ . '■« w,II not bo houest „it|, yo„ „ To be « doctor one muat fir.* k to bo. . goodX^ """^"•' «•»'"'■ « " » ■mp.^ibl. ,0, bta i«g"p«VdSr ^'^ " "• » "«' «"i i^di .t .«ki.g pin. „, ,^ Prevention of Disease. 63 It II a good sign if he is still a student, and keeps posted in all the latest improvements known to the profession for alleviating liumaii ■uflferiugw PREVENTION OF DISEASE. Early and Strange Notions of Disease.— It was supposed form. erly that diseases were caused by the ovil spirits or demons which were supposed to have entered the body and deranged its notion. Hence it was said of the dumb that they had a " duinb devil." In- cantations, exorcisms, etc., were constantly resorted to in ord^r to drive them out. It was thought by others that diseases came arbJ- trarily, or as a special visitation of an overruling power, and hence they were to be removed by fasting and prayer. What is Disease ?— Modern science teaches us that disease f« u•«;«»*-«» -"^ pose to prevent or to cure almost ^n^^ ^"°'^"' ''"^ ^^'""^^ P™" aepreciated. No well JucaS nhL^'^ff *'^'' P*°"°* ''" *«** 8'-^»t^y very peculiar case, wul refuse to hf-T;- "l'^"'", P"''*'*P« i° ^^^J medicine he prescr/beT Is w Jas'^n^ „aK nf > ^°°«^'«dge of the the need of medicine comes th? ITpH nf °^ '** operation. With advise its use. ^''^ °®^<* °^ » competent physician to THE BLOOD-ITS RELATION TO LIFE AND HEALTH . the entire body is changed Sin '''**''*" *^***« ^ *''« b^^ef that niuch oftener-7hos^wTc1.r V:;::n^J'!ZJ^T ^^^^^ m p" i k I. •S...I He Mood— Its Jttlation to Li/'e and Health. 65 and the place occnpied by a new particle. So that in all ita material element the body is renewed in seven yeara. Supply from the Blood.— The chief snnply in repa.rinB this Kreat waste is furnished by the blood. The blood is " liquid flesh " It IS a repository of the ingredients of nutrition. Its materials are so varied and so rehned that thtjy penetrate the miiiutost parts of the physical system, and become aasimilated to inuaule, bone, skin hair, cartilage, and nerve. ' Quantity of the Blood.*— The entire qnantity of blood in tho vessels IS about one-eighth part, by weight. ,; '».e whole body; ho that in a man weighing 140 pounds the quau.ity of Hood is nearly IS pounds. 1 he quantity of blood, however, as well at- its composition, varies somewhat at different times. So n .ftor di^; stion it is con- siderably increased ; for it has absorbed «.<"> '*« nntn.ious materials teken with the food, and these materials uu-t i^cessarily pasa through the blood in order to reach the tis» > i. After long absti- nence it is diminished in quantity to a corresponding degree. For the same reason, its composition varies to a certain extent, since it^ ciittereut ingredients will diminish or increase according as they have been discharged or absorbed in greater or less abundance. Effects Produced by Loss of Blood—Only a small proportion of tho blood m the body can be lost without causing a serious effect upon the system. Generally speaking, the loss of one pound of blood causes faintness, and that of a pound and a half or two pounds 18 followed by complete unconsciousness. If the bleeding be tiieu stopped, the patient usually recovers, but if a stiU larger quantity of blood be lost, recovery becomes impossible. " Transfusion of Blood."— In cases of great exhaustion, caused by excessive bleeding, strength has sometimes been restored by in- jecting into the blood-vessef healthy blood from some other person. This IB called the '« Transfusion of Blood." Instance : If blood be drawn from an animal until it is seemingly dead, and then that from another animal be injected into its veins, its vitality wiU be restored '• Ihis practice becanje quite common in the seventeenth centu.v. Ihe operation was even tried on human beings, and the most ex- travagant hopes were entertained. A maniac av as restored to reason by the blood of a calf. But many fatal accidents occurring, it soon tell into disuse. It has, however, been successfully practised in New York m a few cases within the last three years, and is a method still in repute for saving life. The Composition of Blood—The hhod is a thick opaque fluid of a deep red hue, so peculiar that it may usually be distinguished * This and most of the subsequent paragraphs on the physiology of the blood t Brown-S6quard tells of a curious instance in which tho blood of a Viuna dosr r^ w'^-^'i^ '"*° one just dead. The animal rose on its feet and wagccd itS K^^f'w'tVrpWww '^'' "^ '"' '*" ''""' afterward. J;^...,e'. i I 6$ Home and Health. by its color alone. It contains many different ingredients of whioh fl„S^^^F*®*^*?J.*^® Bl00d.--This is what gives the blood its a uniform liquid, which easily moves through the blood-VesseLi 3' prSrttoi°®Tif«'S^i®''5«-T^''"'"' **^ P^"«°* « «^«ch smaller lunas are also present in their requisite quantity. »»"wu» iniJSSSS"ohh?fl^^?^**~?"*,i'»* most remarkable of aU the ingreaients of the blood are its a buminous matters It !«♦».«* to r,^„K *"''^*y ''^']y. ^^ "*'*« *o fl""' through th^eJuTo; to run from one glass vessel into another. ' Quantity of Albumen.— The albumen is abont fortv Darts in a thousand or one twenty-fifth of the whole blood. It repJJgenta in great part the concentrated nourishment derived from the 3 iS l"eftTd^at;°bL*i'*rt^°r '"^^ ^''' ^' thralbum?nt*e'i: pSs It ?, f».«!^.^* absorbed from the intestine in the digestive KwJrd formed! *""*' ""' '^ ""^''^ '^' *^««"«« «^ '^' »^»dy are AUl?*'*u®:^'^^®. ^'^^"^ *°''"»' matter in the blood is /ibAn^' «im»l latatauos. n«>,dy. ti, property of ".poi,t.i«u.To4uU. The Blood— lu Relation to Life and Health. 67 tion "—that is, it will coagulate by itself without h«{n« i>«-i j rZ&"*^rralTt^E^^^^^^ this property giv^totreblSd ^^** *° ""^"^"^ «»^*"«*«^ nl„ ♦!,* r j color. They are so abundant that they a." crow<£d t!S.lthl/f^ across ^„„^ „„^ ^„j,„j ^^.^^ ^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^ ^utcKness. thev iJS n^rlv'S^i"*!-^ "^^^ '"^ ?«"^''^'« ia cTnsUtencyr In fact Jjyr.! kevS^XJ tU'Sn?SS 'AV^'X' TZ oi£SR'^*'Am.?*®K*^°?*rJ^«y •^•° communicate to the blood its t',1 ■;■)'■ ■ M ■ i if; GS lit J li IfoMr A\D Hkai.tii. an 1 opaque like m,lk. So ti.e globules of the blood and its flnid ^rLT^^^fuT^^^'' t™'^^"^ * *'^'«'' '•^d and opaque liquid 1 he red globules are 4e vivifying elements of the blood Tiiev wK"!nT '° '^ '*' animating a^d stimulating proper iesbJ winch all the organs are maintained in a condition of vitkl acti;it7 otffi*ti?tt/r-.7^^''!?'«?*'''/r^ globules, the blood contains oiiiei little bodies of a different form and aspect These am il^whUe olobnle.. They are very much lean numerous than the red o trr.fr ""* T^ *•'"" *l'"« ''^ ^°»'- °^ *hem for every thousand of^ the others. They «re of a little larger size, measuring about asuff ot an inch in diameter, of a rounded form, and a finelv granulated texture They are usually concealed for the most part 111 the greater abundance of the red globules ^ ' ..nT''*"^**® ingredient of the blood are examined by analysis, thev are found to be mingled together in the following p^oportiois-tho I)rt>poition being that in one thousand parts :— i'^'^ons uio Water ' -^^ Globules _ {fi Albumen ^?" Fibrine '■'.''.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. V. W. '.'.'." ' 2 Other animal matters « Mineral substances s M , 1,000 Coagulation Of the Blood—Such are the properties and con- stitution of the b ood while circulating in the interior of the boT But if it be withdrawn from the vessels a very remarkable chai.^ f^llaS **^ ^ appearance. This chan.w is its . Time for Coagulation.— When a patient is bled from the arm or IS accidentaUy wounded, the blood runs from the opened vein in a perfect liquid stream ; but soon afterward it begins to appear thicker thanbafore and will not run in drops, nor moisten thS fingers si easily when touched. When this alteration has once commenced it E^^f r^n ^'f-T'^^'^^f ^'°°i growing thicker and thicker, until It finally sets into a uniform, firm, elastic, jelly-like mass It .8 then said to be "coagulated" or "clotteli:" This chr«e is usually complete in about twenty minutes after the blood has^een withdrawn from the veins. v Cause of Coagulation— This o gulation of the blood is entirely dependent upon its fibrine. This substance alone has the properly of coagulating spontaneously. None of the other ingredients caX !?i. /h'" -]"' '"*^' %"^ '^ *^^ ^^""^^ ^« t*'^^" «»t. the blood loses altogether ite power of coagulation. The fibrine, though in a very small qua,utity as compared witii the other substances in the blood m diffused uniformly throughout the whole ; and when it coagulates. -......,..._ ...^ ..^:..y -^,^j.^ra^.jj j_gj„ ^fjQ vessels, it entangles all the other ingredient, with it, and holds them imprisoned in its own •abittQot. Xhi. Wftttr of thf blood, acoordingV, the »lbumwi,X Tilt Blood-Ils neladon to Life and IlmUh. G9 globulea. etc.. are all mechanically retained by the congulating tio?'K 'iJa*c^e^SreJnS;* -^^-l.-^r^erwanl a partial scpara- to the blood-vS/ Whil *u^® sl.phte-^t incision or i.ijury may be, it still coagulates ; for every DarSnffhrw^' ^"^^'^ small, contains its due proMrtIo7oW.S« ^*^^'*°*^' ''^ solidifies at the proper time *^hrcJotS^^^ *"1' «on"«q"entIy. «^«rr^"*i"'-'" ''*'• "':,!*'^en any of the principararteries have been ■! :;i ^: i I ■, I 70 Home and Health. coagulation. Then we must call for tlie assista.ice of the snrgcon, who is often compelled to search for the hlood-vesselB in the deeper parts of the wound, and to tie up their open mciths with a fine cord or ligature. Why this operation is successful reouires a further explanation. Ooagulation in the Interior of the Body.— It is a curious fact that the blood will coagulate, not < .:\y when it is discharged exter- nally, but also even in the interior of the body, wheneve)- if is wUfidrawii from (he ordinary course of the "ircnlation. Thus, if we receive a bruise, and the little vessels beneath the skin are torn, the blood which AowB from them coagulates in the neighborhood of the injury. Any internal bleeding produces, after a time, a clot in the corres- ponding situation where the blood is effused. After death, also, coagulation takes place in the cavities of the heart, and in the great veins near it ; and whenever any part of the body is so injured as to stop its circulation, the blood necessarily coagulates in its vessels. The Ligature and Coagulation.— When the sm^^ , places the ligature upon a wounded vessel, he stops the circulatii, 11 tiirough it. The blood is imprisoned in the neighborhood of the ligature, and soon afterward coagulates and blocks up the cavity of the vessel with its solidified librine. After a lime the ligature separates and is thrown off, and the wounded pares unite by the healing of the tissues. Coagulation Spontaneous.— The coagulation of the blood is a property, therefore, that belongs to the fibrine, \nd it is spon- taneous. As soon as the fibrine is formed it possesses this property, by which it is distinguished from all othei" substances. It is not manifested immediately, for it requires a certain time for its com- pletion ; but owing to the very nature of the fibrine, wherever it inay be, within a short period after it is shut oflf from the circulation it exhibits this peculiar character, and coagulates inevitably. Wh7 Ooagulation does not Stop the Circulation —Why, then, does it not coagulate in the vessels, and thus stop the circu- lation of the blood ? To understand this, we must remeaiber that the history of all the animal substances in the living body is one of incessanx. change. None of them remain the same, but all undergo Bucoessive transformations. The albuminose formed in digestion is no sooner taken up by the blood-vesbels than it is converted into albumen. The oily matters absorbed with the chyle, and the sugar produced in tiie liver, are also rapidly decomposed, as we have seen, and disappear in the circulation. What is destroyed in this way for the purposes of nutrition is constantly replaced by a fresh quan- tity formed in the same organs. Thia is also true of the fibrine. That which is circulating in the blood-vessels to-day is not the same fibrine which was there yester- day, but a new '- ' - • ' ' , . .. i . .. SltSL'Z fJlMlt. ' t"®^ *"^lyi freshly j^roduced in the process of daily , - . " -= estimated by pnysiologists that ail the fiWiue which exists in the blood is destroyed and reproduced at least three timti ovei' in tht cowm of a single day. What the new Bubstauoe* Food and Health. 71 are which are formed by its decomDOsition ia «f ill ««l,„^ r cannot yet follow out all thrZflil.^f^K I ""known, for wo verted into new substanees. It l,«a WfoS d.w ? ""^ ■""'; in all thore vessels which are caEi'arterie^'n^^^^^^ '\ scarlet hue; while in the "veins" itYs n 1' A \f » b""""* almost black color. These two kinds nflU f ?f ^ Wuish-purple, ttt^X&t^-^V^^^^^ l,1,?p'hT«^"^ u''^''^'^ ^'''^y^ '■^'1 ^'^«o-■"'"«» from the food wo eat. Thi (^ conllin. every motiou of the body is only a new direction given to thii / ^i»;M i 1 1 ■" ! 72 Home and HealttJ. ' iii i forms »re wliites of eSM which «™„.fT Th» motl. oor.iijoii nitrogen, readily oxidii^, ^""g". ^cliea that have much contain hydrogen and o 'yo, .,t nrtTn.Ho ' . 'f ' ^^^ '''«"''■ These the same lamoSnt of ca^S " ^ .y 'm 'rthe're?^^^^^ r**""' "?!? *H""' water with carbon diffused Mrrou/fi tNm *\T5'^' be considered no gum arc changed into -a^ V AH ♦», I" digestion, starch and combine ^i^.Z^^l^lS^^^S^Z!:'^-^ J^,^ taS £s^ ^^ru^£;^tic ^^^-^ -^-^'^^ aajrnesia, phosphorus salt and nr.f,!!^'".''^,.'*' ''■°°' ""'Ph""". • ar. aeeded^dailfto dis"oiv^ ?Se £od «nf °"* tl^r^lPints of wate^ cuL*t,ion, to floii oVSlmatter i h,K ''•f^*.'* *Vo"«h the cir- evaporationcooi the system A 'an L^I^^^^^ u ^'i^T' ""^ ^^^ four poii-Kls contains one hundred n3,^f °"! ^""^'^^ '»°'* ^^'y lected in a body to drown Hm K "«! ?^ 1**^^',' T.'!*** '^ °«'- combines with phosphorus and carbSiK&fJ'*'-"^^'*, ?*.'?''' ' "'"* bones and teeth^; ph^osphorus" a e'Lential tohe acTi'vHv of t*«^ h° ^'" salt 18 necessary to the secretions of «nnT«^f + if ^ • Y *** «'*® •**"*'" ' also io aid in w^orking off the Ta^t'e pSucts!'' ^'^''''''' ^"'^"' *"^^ for^r!frJcl%1*3.7'' Th^ fo^^^^^^ T «"*'- '^''-^'-y jrriitoEr.^'^ «-^ tolh/C'&Xr^^^^^^^^^^ . art^MB"o??h?g^tS^^^^^^^^^^ °^, Poodl-There are some Wing: Beef, n.utto;^ffmi^k"r^o.^±^;I^^ oaimeai, nee ripe fruits, tomator. oeas.'&^us^etc' aU of'w" •' arfciglea of food are more or less nv re. Pood and ffealth. n i is but the ^atoh. We i which are e of Mjtion. orluce heat sthing with aed. portion of i the body, n, cas';ine, the vi )oieta the re some the fol* :5, corn, ' wli.. !• ^^md mutton possess the greatest nutritive value of any oi the La7nu k losH strengthening, but more delicatP T ih^ ♦!,- ^.1 anim,.... it should be thofoughly c^ked ami ^J'^'^t .*»>« y^^ng of sure, to p,operIy develop its fla?or ' ** * '"'^^ tempera- u^f^fdenTarrhte^noneXl stTfoo'd^'f '^^^'-^^ ^ *^« <^«^-*« parasite called trichiSawh?^^ k**- * I'' «f '"etimes contains a m.S.'' ' '""'"'' '">''• «<">t»i"i»g "lb"",™. Starch, fat and mineral ^C^m i. yeor nouriahing, one pound being equal in value to two of *» are most easily digested when cooked "soft " and experiments show that when Ittl '? ^^' ^'*''r* ^^ ^ni'nals $ article of food for a flw davT tZ «k • ^ " '"ade the only or chief Buffer. ScrofuKus perln^suffer ?l?J'"*^ T'T ^g'"« '•^Pi^^y *« and there is good re^on fn hS? the soonest and the most Wgely, valent in this^?uX*^°^^^^^^^^ of the scrofula >!! or by his parents. ^ ^ pork-eatmg, either by the patient sity ;lZTi:om'£te^'^ '^^^ ^^'' i° other wSrds, from neces- " How should pork be cooked ?" none' "olhT mlats" m^^^^ife^i^rr ^V^^'''^" ^ ' ^^^' '' cooked thoroughly. MTadvice to von ^« TT r"'^ ' "^'^ ">"«* ^^ door laborer, eat pork rare W^nrlJo." ', ^°'*^' y°" **•« »" o^t-of- c^^^uts it overTLS,rd"C;L«'ft tKlrnt!ri?is*^tt iirraj^x^'„aa:Ss?r-^ 1)6 wanting bv momi„t t ,1 Ii; ' i '.r'"'" "'"'S'" all oftnce ivill for the trShfgZSce TaLr,l'"r ' ".? "'"I'l^' «°"'r»u»t, oie;Tn?wrth?;Cse°',er:eirrf;'?.*^ onions ^ bett.r.-'ffirr fw'^' Si S'cierSJ 'i •I 74 Home and Health. everybody's reach, and they are not by any moans an "U.A *^ ♦ w .. or altogether, to a like Jv^^taselnfi^^^^^^^ gr.i„, ifran, .ml S Zr ire af Ml?3 WWe j' " '''°, '°, *'""» foriniiig material by bolting ** ® *^* muscle. 0,-«ham Brmdwhen male well ie e,peoiall» healthy for dyepeptic. 8u|.r or butter, or both, or evr"p or mUk ^li S '"'"•""i"' ""5 precludea its bl^'^t^dSr^i'irtirS.-'^Sjf.aTi The tuinuto season ends wiLh thp fmut i» ti „ • .'rost coni«s, arid are Iuu^^llpZa^vell^el;il.VpH'^.''"''•'..?'^^ P""*''' "P ''efore ns to them, the 'Move-apple'^ willcoiu no ,n^^^^ V»« tomatoes hang- iliould Hot be too .Irj nor to?) warn. T o k- ni^^f^ '^ ""/! .^'"i^tnias. The cellar rw^f ....o,.j.;,.,,! a,iva>j - iT i. ^ "^ hliowlcdsrc (if this iiiiiv Im inn'rn- —» tn ^ud'of thttomto. ''^'*' '"' *^' ^*''^'^"' °^ "^"^y *^« «« i^viudB. !ili!i who'»^^ s "bad to take" cessitate, thful as well aa ) not depend on en tlirice a day, >per or vinegar, >i)t that can be 8 slight acidity, shes and tones lie seeds act as e bowels, caus< ktter, and thus us.* I depends much 8 the substance lUten in whoile kin, twelve per in we therefore orae. As bran hole weight of ste of muscle- for dyspeptics, hable dish for ground wheat, in pest kernels, i wheats cook nt of having a ive it first run ! looking over arts water to begins to boil five hours, or finger. Hard ae kinds may liould be even gelatinous on til meats and irimmed with 3 nicely, and e steamed up ires of course r it has once illed up before tomatoes haiig- las. The cellar he iniprnvo;', i-" Is, aud who kre -Food and TTmlth jk loses its li(,uidTTy. ^^ ^*'^^'^'^< ^^'^e" '* ouce sets, it l^otnJeVnl^^^^ in the manu- ^In en to the amount of ten or tweve ««.«?*"•'"'"« P'^'^^^' •' boiling water from bran anrl f l,n fl,.,^ • f percent, is extracted by Mhoreby from twentTto t ir v 2e o^nf T^''',^'*'! this infusion. The bread, of course is not so w?ff«*i T""? i'''®*^ '« obtained much mor; nutriS. '"'"*" ^' *'^** "^ ^''^ 1"ality, but i« cuS^^^e le's s^Sst?b?e*L^^^^^ '--' and warm l,is. (Wmany bakers are prohib ted fl"^ ^^T old\read. I„ hoars after it is baked TotfwT,^^^"^ ^'"'"'^ ""*'> twenty-four to hear the buyers at hake shiStr/'Ar'"?" ? ^'"'"^ny thau (^.rman robustness to be attrifS /rthi. L?'^'''"" ^'■"'- " '^ that, eaten with m" Ik it is a nprfno^^^^^^^ requisites for the ^opW develoCS^t /rth^ ^ ^""■^- ''^^ "'' ewinently useful food for ffrowWnhlu , system, it is a pre- p.tmeal Requires much coS g effectuXl*'''.^'?"^.^'^^'-'*"^. butwher it is well cooked Tlil? fi??/ ^"i"®* '*^ starch cells, e,(raUt, weight iirhtin%"our.*'troatT"'f "Z!" "T '""^ superior to those crown on th? Pont, •««!.+ a J!. *"" country are England, but cerSy infedor to Ee *-*-' ^'"*''"" ^ ""^ pains is taken to cultivate them and it ^s ni' Jl"'^"'°''^'"''^^« th*t the Scotch are an examnle of /Jiln "^''^'^''s to point out remit is justly set dZnXlISfJ^lZ^r^ robust nation, which teaspoonful of salt and a git of^coaS mISf P.'flrH."' ^"^ !*"? n*'"' »d"»»• ^ke.' Apples freely eaten do thrworVif^' «°d 'rather better to Every fruft or berry has ite mission To L u "T^"8« «'' '"^^nges. Therefore, set out a WWry S S .rfh^ '"^t" ^^^^ *»t^'° '*■ no other place, border yorSen walU Ldw^f ''"^ " ^''^'^ '• etraight line keep the edgeB^Tv^tlTJiZf u^^'K ^T .*"^ two feet wide. Plant currants Si, A"^ h mat of vinei but stick it in thi grS Bordi S ''*"'"« ^''^ ^''^^ if you Walk around your plS during the eariv%nS 7^'^ raspberrLs. • mental .nventory of every snot m-h« ^ ^ "^ ^*y"« *nd make » :>raberrybuBh^ Plant'^m^hing ' " '"" ''''^ 'a. fruit tr.. .h&fa?Ji!ef %^S'L*vl^^^^^^^^^^ '"^^ -« off"'* e,oe«, »te quantity, fruits prove in^urion.Tf*'^**-*'' ^'^nsur . m Tnoder^ -ucculentnit«re.lKntiSrfree Lt^"in^''' •"•• ^ " ^^^^'^^^ undergo fermentation and chanfe "16^*^ SI "f "'''* P^°e *« rroportion to other food, apt to act LTdS •^** ''"* ^^ ^"« •xcte derangement ol the stomach and^ot«u u?«. '™«n*. «»d i sity— a very Jiiiburgh by dth of cliest aiis were at very mucli Scotch Irish 1 their early sase of fatal y bread for oprietor of Iren of the alarmingly I attending d. * J a fruits as lud lasting > any great give tone Bd. They ^d. Stale healthy in 'rning and 5 Spanish, an in the es in pro- nd toma- •>etter to lozenges. witHin it, f tiiere ia > hoe and b of vinei yf if you p berries. 1 make a 'ruit trua Jt exoesn 1 Tsoder- a highly prone to i of due )nt, and iicularly : in thf ; in th« i within I ffints about Ilealthful Eating. 77 da5?e'r'l?^pe??orJbo^ea???hri' Vacation. -There is special counVdu^ri"gtL early fruit s^^^^^^^^ towns for a vacation L th* in eating „nri?e fnut^ aL in'tJu'way siftr'So '^1^ Wni"'"'f lessen ifnot to neutralize the beneH^q nf a !f, x*"^"' ^^ *" found by p,r3„„.1 J^en^ir.o^.r.'Se"''"'"*'''- '"'' """^ '"°'' sprinkled salt o^ it^ nd'it,^^nfJi.%T^^''r^J" * "»«««• «« of a sudden death , ^" »t immediately dissolved. I have known the ^e*° •* ^'' '"'''*'''' ^PP**"^ 'o have b«en the effect of HINTS ABOUT HEALTHFUL EATING. de^re^?of ffoKtm?t1di*^f"^-7^r P-«o- regard a hearty Btantly disco?l^d T W "Is a '^if ' 'ndelicate. a^nd to be con- strive to check a wholeioml „n/ J "."**''«• ^^'« P«°Pl« ^^o merelv as a ''feed "ST Irl^n"''''' •*??''*•*« ''^g^'-^l d'""^"" donestJceventofthedav A S %T'^' •^"'*°'"' »"d ^^ ^^e juct as necessary to the Llt1; frthe^^! *'." ^ ^T^^ *'""«. and is brain as it is to the dal U>!l u '""" '"'''^ ^'^'''^^ ""ly «'itli his his brow, ''breaking "Sle^oTnW '"'"VL'^ ^""^^^ ^^^ *'^^ «^'«^t «« are brethren, the fofm^r Siu7 Kl ^^^^ ".^'''"^•^h and the brain ^Ap^ettr '; -"^^"^^^ it wi/r:SiriS ai^ a«*? i^;;* ^^^^j^-^^jTi^^-^ tainine pofson be S^en to chTr.^ f J """"Hf' """^'^^« "«• t*'*"^^ c«n- QUt deteVting Sin er W ' -^^ "^'^ ^** *' ^" ''^^dilv with- g ne danger. Brute ammals are guided in the seiectioa I .if' 78 Home and IIkmtu. .l.m.1,1 1,0, g„vo,ne,l by their superior i.rtcKigcco' "°' "^ >vhioI, dilute the iSc iuice and Jn!^^ r ^^r'''*^ ,''""" "''t*^ '^'•'"'<« '1^0 place of the saliv. V^iH^g^'y ' ^t LTfll.Tlr.* ""^'"-T with it, hunger or the desiro fnf W^ ' '^''•'''•ye'' to i.e mixed • has been taken • hut f thlZn^} ■ ^ ""I'^i ''f *'° ^■''«» .i"»t ^'"0"gh manner of tS.'ands of A.neW. ^n'/.T'^'.^ ''*'^" '''^''"y' '^^t' «• the m.til more than enough h xterand n'fln ' "^T:"^' '''^' ''^"*'""« too.nn,ch is eaten. I emem oer th-^t t - 1" r"^*'' *"" T ^''"^^" ^'mes =he secretion and Am; o? S a«^^^^^^^^ .u=ce"mee^^.SJ;;ifdnirr^tKi^^^^^^^^^^^^^ allowed time to tak^ ZnizLce o^^^^^ they ^e not is pushed past then. inro'tW^est o'^tKomL^h X ''^^l ^''^ !* Jackson, "tliat thh-tv minXf .1 ■ ?'"°''- ' '">'''•' "'»»« Dr .pent, tin, in "lewta^ tie f„"o'? aStortLTc' "t'hoT" '"""■, """ m continue! putting in unA B«,aifev„ • P°V "-^ *"® *'"'®' ''^'id "ot langh, instead^of he^on? man^fnfth^'- ^' '" P^"*^'^"*^ ^''^t «»^ thelxiice or libraiy IfyoT^rZfel^^^^^^^^^^ ^'^''^'^^ «f wa>. at your meals von mav IZT^ ^P*""'' ''"'"^y minutes in this and wha"; vouTo e^fv^^lTl^e i? heTe?t S v'" T* "^' *"" "'"'^h' to the needs of your system. » condition for appropriation rul!,'lteWet o?XWi?l <^^«^ed -There is one simple t';e fun_bei^^ b^lSeri? there are bo many more tiyspepUcsrnXm'ei'ica'thfln 'in'"fV"'>""'"'|f "'''>' '' '« "'»« 'Peoause.' I responded. ' t'he7eVe ri^^re'^^ideS^^.PCfjZt"^^^^ K'"'' ^(i organs of but are, or nasticating is tho chief mix w ith t)we(I resJHt vith dniiks not fiupply ije mixed ISt t'TlOUgh , aft< r the 1 <'ontimie nee times ■ease with jould eat stop with (id eating stomach, lating too the body h ;ire our y «fe not 'od ere it Y do not, ■ system, ■iotc Dr. )eal. aufl and not iiiat and Jssure of s in this o much, priation simple securing to good slain are it is that luiitries? riijita about IleaWi/ul Eating, 4 79 sS^ir^lt'efit^af '^ ^'^-rs'jly chewed before being n.a.t,cation. are the" .felim' trcSiotTo t^rV' ^'^^-S' I'utnt.on. Aside from the urindin th! ! ''''''f'!^.'''S'^8*'ou ami capable of pe, fornnng, n wt g v^ tt me T''"^ f*'*^'^ *''° ^'^'i-a is ti-^"*! with, that of the juice of h« «L \ ^ "{"",''"" ^°' '^ »"* 'Jen- it may bo Haul that theCrellrl thL"S^i • "^"l' '" f ^^^^^^'^ W- >n the moufh, the leas remLns fbr the !i?i'fi '""'^^^^^ ""« P^'P to do. the more completely thd'Lsk?. n '" '''°?''"'^ apParatus perfect is the prcpanitiun of th« f, < i f '« Performed, and the moie of hloo,l and L nutrUroVof Iho tholi'Ud?"^"'^-''" ^''^•"•^*'^" Hint about " Small Mouthful a " n i •. , great service from u^, f we remnvi fl. ~^"^c'"^J'■eu will receive a eating in sn.Ul n.outh .Is and Xwine tlfef ^ *"i ^"•"T. ^'^° '''-^^'^ <^ nile holds good for every ago and sEld 1 ^''°*^ ^''?}^' '"^''"^ «an o advancing years, when the teeth becomii, T'"''"^ '^^^^'^^^^^ >a less effective. Adherence to tins simnfa "f '^"^-^f '^"^ "mastication great benefit to health, and largX 3Hbn « t °°l ""'^ »^° ^^" and dyspepsia, but wi 1 increase Knl° ^''rP'f^^"* '"^'gestioa tarn the natural strengtxthrdi'estFver'''^^ ,".^°. *^'^^'^' ^"d K- an influence upon botS Va^yr^i'S^^^'So^l'"''''' ''''''' ^^^^'^^ How Much Shall We Eat? rv^of * "pare eaters never accompfish much" Th« T*!" f'^"'' "^« J«"g J ately. Never eat so nmch as rfoe] 1. t^\ ?.'® ^"' ^at moder- IS taken than sufficient fo^^e war ? "rtT^^'^f^^- . " "^^''^ ^ood digested, and becomes a sonive of IrrUati n ^'i'™' '' """^'"^'"^ "«' quantity of the food required varies S H. ^""^ "PPression. The son. The diet of a child shrml.l ?! t V *''° ^^^ ""^ habits of a per- sedentary occupa^ioi'reqti^esJSC^ The greatest workers sl^ould bSfh^i .".^'^ ^''*'^^' out-door life. engine needs a correspSg furnace^ S^^^^^^^ ?b a powerful digestion. A good laueh i<, f 1 1 If ' t '"''^«ff»l"ess is essential to the bitterest foes of dSt on A ti ""iVf "°- ^"-'^ ''''^ g"ef are fr ends to a long life, afd nowhei Wi* ^'"'^ ^"^. '^ ^'ght heart are table. God designed that we sl3^ • '^ '"'-''^ •'"**°'- *han at the stopped before satietyw^ ?eac led vvn ^h^" 'n f ^'' ""^^ *''^*' having always attendant on a g^od ^ ML onp "^ V^' '}' satisfaction eat no longer is gluttony ind ll t„?i " > ^'' '''''* ""^il one can said that as many lives' hit « ^'T' ^° ^"dulgod. Oi.e lias drunkenness. ^ '""'^ ^^"" destroyed by gluttony as by ofi^i?Tosft-^r?fg^.^^^^^ appetite is sedentary occupation, liver lisorde, n i ' 1*"°^ '^^^"^ '»« '»"t, To ascertain and remo ^ tl ^1;' ^ the'fi"' ' f'"^^ «^ «^'-- change of air, and diet will eenerX nm!„ ^S^'' '^"'>'- -Exercise, appetite. Cliildreu, if t iiev 1 av« nl ^ f sutiicieut to recover the reeular i.i t,h«;,. v.X-L ^""^y, ^'^^^ P^e"ty of outdoor o.y,^roUa .p„ seldom, if ever; ^^^^^ol ^hJkoi ^^"""^'"^^^^ on exercise. ^*'^ °* appetite. See, also, chapter i % 80 Home and Health. r' f ot the chief causes of dvsBeDsia Thp lon«fi, , ~. *'""*""" 's one E«^^^™^»srl«S SSI « pay co.»,der healthy at aU time., rob. th^Jiomtrrf "4 iet 4S'oM^.«!?^S-*:£tt^?a't°er:S^^^^^^^ ?:pra:;K-r/.^fs:s^raSt^ mf ""if- '?r''' !" ■""■™ ■*'• "■ "■» "fternoon or early in the even. r.rel'v ttTjl''"' T'.'''"° ?' "!' ''V ■= *''= """l Most abused. It i. 'Si'kss^ "^rs^^ Isf!? '' ^^ ,,;^°P«''«*^'o-^ wmi A I>ocroK.-WeU,7octor. is U injurious to eat betu^een .'.'T!^.^^ depends on the leusrth of the interval." .'onerS'" "'' °'^'""'^^ "' uBual meals of the day. as observed in communities .rd;!l;^'«i!t"ed'"s'^^^^^^^^^^ ot digestion after the :;Tho„ you think the eatin?oT/r;;& ^^ec /LS i^^^^^^ ''^ ""'''•" t^J^.^t^lS^^^i^^^'^ '^'^ stomacftrsrcerry rest; rob it of 4^i^^r^op^'^ and thy princes or even eaWter houre were formeXobservHrfn i'hi' "'' '"'{f ."f^^^- And the.se, scarcely any such thiuR as i;o««rand^o '"c^i^rft^Sr^cr^"""*"'^ ^'^'^ ^"^ '""^ "In ancient nations the custom was to cat i^ifo^f f ' ^ xu __ , ,. .^^ , — L>tt. AuAa Clabkb, «rt ioc. " ""''*' """ »"c« »uom midday." fc after dinner afore eating, bance to busi- >lation ia one I required to stances, such quantity of ve hours or mses of dya- When the her, nothing fruit, which* }f its needed as soon as I single cup if milk, will )r more. in the even- id as well as work of the '0 bedtime. ised. It is lid consist of work at be heavily ting— All d so a6 to iling ranks ffints about Healthful Hating. eat between omiuunities •n after the later." t ; rob it of thy princes !S X. 17. it eight, Of And the.se, en we had ; miUday.** 81 next, then comes boiling, and last we havfl frvmr, n^^i as possible, in its own fuices. Veirtabret 'Sli the 'sanJ^e^'Jl^S ''^ Variety of Vegetables at the Same Meal _«« «Koii several kinds of vegetables at the same^eal^' i^T. f" "^^Z** asked. A well knSwn physician answe;"! t tins ^Twonl.f '"'I burden you with severe restrictions here • hnt if ' ,^ "°* should ask me for ' mine good Son Twould^ltT^ .^Tl T'^^ to cook not more than two!" " Should she Z fJ^K^ ^'""^ *° ^^' then?" "I would answer that most veg\'ta"L^%^^^^^^ alone Indeed, this is true of most kindl of fSd ^fthTnU f T^^ society as it is, the best advice I can give voi Ttn J'Jj' •*!^'"^ food, but not many kinds at tlie same time.^^ ®** * ''^'""^y "* rn:JZ^'^nt?^^f:^X^ ^^^^ l^f of air in five^ for want of food at varying intSSsdJpn? f '^**®'' '"* ^°^k, habite of life, and the cir^iltancerS' fh?SL'° S*'*"^"' of a Boston whaler was wrecked. For eiffht 5at«T: li *'''P**"* a drop of water, nor ,. particle o food' On theJav of th "°*, «u"' weighed a hundred and ninety pounds • whpn .!'L a\^ "^'^^'^^ *^« one hundred pounds. A teasn'^oTul oV bTandy wasliven Z'^'^'t sailor; but before thev could h« tator. oti j xT ^^^^'^ *<* «ach saved them they becaS unconscious and tZ^ f^ T'^^ ""^^^^ but all eventually rewvS Kl,^?/ ™'*l°®'* 1° ^°^ eating too much aUrTaTng ksted "f Jr ^ oTtit^^ f'^'f H procedure and which ever/reader shouliTeai^^'^^Jt ?^? 1 the way along, as persons who are travelling in fh)> ^.^i;' J^ ^®®' precipice ahead ; tfere can be no one ruKien wS.^?;? ^'^' * so many modifymg circumstances. Give a t^asp^jnfS of tt'^ •*? at a time, and if no ill resilfc r«T»af ;„ « """apooniui ot hot drink amount of soft foJd, tuS IL o^softenerb^eld^^ ^""^.'H ''''^^ stomach is itself a. weak as thl s^SSTn propoi^^^^^^^ ' ^'' *?« manage a very small amount of food, P'^°P"'^'Jon, and can only * fS^r^"'^^^''\i " ^^^O'. how BhaU we cook veffetableB ?• I will give you the same generat rule as bSore -Th^hLtl . . so a« to retain their own Juices filkiS^. therefore i^fi""''*;'' *° *^*>'' t''^^ baked are far preferable to boiled b™te. In boC'„ Lh^f P/if'^'"^"'''''- ^^eta ingredienta which are in the Juice, is lost » *^' ' °' *'^^ '"o** valuable "T^nn'i'^P!^ ™® ' h^^"^ "«™'" eaten baked beets." the,n.:;!d*5r^TitlSter^I„TL*S^„«i^'o^. Sn^T". t".-*'"^' «"- to the peasantry as a good substitute for the bre^-U^arSn m^ *"^ked b„et is ,«.ld "'ay- * "^*^ "o' ^"y that it is relished " '"^««*'-''^af. and is eaten in the same ^^ Now, as to other vegetables ?" Z'JirfS "^0^^^"^"^^"^^ ^^Xt t%\tm^]t ^ -rst. Le. healthful with vegetables than grease." Possible. Milk is much wore : [{'I 82 Home and Health. El<' I FOOD FOR THE SrCK. Barley Water— Get some pearl-barlev wash it in fnn..«,o* ...ul put tl»em in a jug with th^e wl^^ nS4\^i""?r ", ;P^"i |e.nou^; then pouv boUin, water on the whole, Zl '^^ve^ !r;^t";Li5 waK^exSf -tiretbrZr^^^^^^ '" '''"^'^ "^ P-t of barloy into three pnits an a^l "if o ho ; T ''''^''?'. ''''"^ T>ut tho water or nulk/ali tie suirAiin^^^^ T^'''7 «^ =^ P'"* of smooth in a little water Snnf-f ? «P00"^"'« "^ oatmeal very pint ; add a little Wn Peel^and'hTiraffl *" f'''' l""'^^'"'^ «f ^ the fire for a quarter of arir^tirJ ng^t cottantTr' ''iT' '' ^^ It, and add suj^ar to taste ^ constantly. Ihen strain st^.?S'r^jSni?f;K's^^^^^ P-P^« -"0- ia n.any cases of tins kfnd t"SatTfata iv 7"^'*'«"« ^o'low that the popular sick-bed nouriSenS a,^ il^P,. ." T''^\''''^' ^'"^''^ simple saucer of parched corn SL'l 1-,^ i f'' ""'"} '■^•"'^^«^'' » be refused. The corn iTroasted brown^ Z^ \ ""^ ^'"""' '^''^ '^^'''om grouu.l as f^ne as meal u^a SL ^'Ji^ STxr'v '"^^^ gruel, or thin cakes, baked lightly broCa^^^ '"*" '""«''« eold^^ clear, or with whateve^ drisi^^^ll^ljl^ ^S^!^^ ^J ai^s'e? .?^rto^^^;-k^i"«Bi:ii\"o.T^^^.^^ Tir -^-'^ to ground rice with a phi of m,fk IZl'n .^^ *^^"^.«PO'>»f"l3 of adding the juice of a femon Let the S bo'l fX '? *" '''^'' moderate fire. Eat it warm ^'^ ^" '''^"^ over a .lio.,, an.I toMt thorn „Vrp.r own o.^f,-"." ' ",'.' '' I"'" """ » quart of .prins.w,.t.r. "iT, '"."^Ir" ,'' 1» fi "'t r; '.'"" «1. .t .. «d„c.u t» one half the quantity of wSer jSVi^t S^ ;ho cni.'^/ of ingo it into ^red vessel. and wlien ir waters— so tiiat it I cut open, w slices of over until If a pint of 'ifi put tlio it boil till ?al, half ft a pint of meal very rters of a iet it over lien strain pie whose 'lIoM- that ses where 2i''cted, a II seldom ! roasted, to mush, warm or Qccive or vhich to )nfuls of to taste, ir over a iter, and nto thin ie?)i into 1 it has t innne- h mass, i fjuart, through food for the Sick. i sieve. Take it with milk, or flav red to taste, iu milk and turned into a shape when cold. 8j It may be boiled Apple Tapioca.— Pare, core, and quarter eight apples • take ^nlt uspoontul of tapioca; put it to soak and swell all nlht in t^1Z:^S "V'"^^ V«-»Pf«l of wh,te sugar and a llufelmo peel put this into a stew-pan, and lot the tapioca simmer ten .nunites, then put in the apples and stew ten minxLs mo™ When the tapioca is clear, it will form a jelly around the appl^! Tapioca Jelly.— Take four tablespoonfuls of tapioca- rinse it thorough y, then soak it five hours in cold water, enouglUo cover i bhP fn'n f ""[rl^- '^^*'' °" ^^^ ^""^ ' ^^'^^'^ 't toiJ«. 'na.h and stii- up n ui^?'^' *'''''^ '' '" ^''**''"' '^'^^^ "^'^ it ^^i*h the boiling water Ut tie whole ..unmer gently, with a stick of cinnamon or maee When ha f . f , I '"■' "yi ^ .'°,"P'" °^ tablespoonfuls of white sugar wi?h w/ef .nn i^'""!'!"^ ^^ Icinon-juice ; stir it into the jelly; if not sweet enough, add more sugar, and turn into cups. ^ .nJl^Jf f^lly-T-IE'ake half a pound of mutton, half a pound of beef, and half a pound of veal or pork, with a small piece of bo.^ie of bacon • put i>i water enough to keep it from burning, and cover it close L' It simmer for three or four hours till the juic^ of the meat is enti'rdv .lit. hen strain it off, and let stand till cdd. If there "s any fat t e eftdl niSSf ^P^^" -««venng from an illness Sust not S^he^e he Jan e JL V" T^' ^^"'"' °^ *'^',^ ■i'^">'' P''^'^^^ "««id« ^im tvneie ne can leach it easily, is a very excellent thing. inf^°o i^^"^® Arrow-root. -Put one teaspoonful of arrrow-root Into a basin ; rub it very smooth with two spoonfuls of cold wate, pour over tins half a pint of boiling water o,^„ilk in sud?a propo -' ? f ;r / 7 !]° f^^^'^J. «t"-^"'^ -^ell the »bok rime. It is generiuy better to boil It for two or three mumt*.. v^oeten to tastl ^ mt?n}% ^f*®'^--''^.''*:^ V'l'o ■I*''*'® '*PP'"«' P»<^ **^«"> into a W> and Km. n V ] T- ?"^ ^T^ ""^ ''<''^'"« ^'^*'^''- Cover close for an hour : poui oil the fluid, and switton if necessary. n.v^.^S?fT®*~^^'**^^*'''^''!*^'"^*PP'«^ "» ^^"^ oven, or before the tl em nutr.!/l ^'.'^"^ "''f ^''^ ^P'^.'^"*'"'^ "f" «i»fi^"'. and pour over Clu-m .1 quart of boiling wafer. Let it stand one hour near the Hrc. Currant Drink.-To a pint of fresh-gathered currants (stripped) at an hour, then strain and sweeten to taslo ; a few rasDberriea lidded give a pleasant flavor. The same may be produldtn winter by sunmenng two tablespoonfuls of currant jelly in half a pTnt of boS na®'^,fl?f °^ ?^^ ^^^ Apples. -Have two qunrts of water boiling ; sp t SIX figs, and cut two apples into six or eight slices r Win f.!ln^? }^ '^"^l^"" *r"*y '"i°'^t«« ' P»"'- tl»o liquid Into 1 basin to cool, and pass through a sieve when i<-. .« r«n.i" f-- — i i.c fjgs and apples may be drained for eating with a iutle boiled 'iii> I ] 81 Home and Health. ,?C6 Cream and Beef Juice— Here is the prescriDtion for i rdjshable dietary article highly co.nmended LyTn llfiS: pj^ R. Cream, Sugar, . Extract of vanilla, Beef juice, 120 grams. 30 " 8 " 8 " Any confectioner can make it, or it may readily be nreoared at homo with a freezer. Its uses are obvious. prepared at Broth from Fowls.— Take an old fowl ; stew it to Dieces with i cou^e.of omous. Seasou hghtly with pep,v.. auJ sd?rskim lud inaSfl w^fh^fr^'''*"?*r""«' ^°^^^ ^'^t^ several pieces, put lo Li sk n wSl "'f ^aT «f fP""g->vater set on tiii stove La pt rl baJw w! ' f ^^"^ " ^'\^^^ "^^^ ' ^^^^ *^° tablespoowfuls of pcirl bailey wasli it lu several waters, and add it to the J.roth together with one ounce of marsh-mallow roots cut into shreds fo; the .uirpose of better extracting its healing properties Tie biotl bS,'t^: k^Xlrio'rii '' '--' '"^^^^^ ^ .apk^ll^nt'i; iron° b?o'i?,;?in**f/°^^P°^^¥®?<^®^^*S.-Lay them upon the grid- stow pan pour over hot water enough to cover them Let them verv ,1P^ 1 ' ^.''\T^ squirrels, stewed in a double kittle, are Mutton Broth— Take one pound of scrag of mutton, put it into a saucepan with two pints of water and a little salt ; let it simmeS ge.|t,y for two hours ; strain it tlirongh a sieve, and when cold caJe fully remove every particle of fat. It may be thickened with a httU arrow-root or ground rice, as required. pom,.?^5°H?« Broth. -One pound of veal ; one pound of beef ; one w" te with a HHI- \l ^^^, *^^^ quantities into three quarts of .»?f^7^^' ^^^}-~'^^^^, '"^^ calves' feet; two pints of water- one int of new m,lk ; a l.ttle lemon peel or mace. *Put the i.iied e"t« .nt.> a jar cover it down, and keep it in the oven fo fS lii^s i fen-et ' iST ''" ^f V^""' ''."^"^ l^rr^onjpeel or mace . nf ^^)?^^^)^^?^ Soup. -Two pounds of lean veal or beef ; a quarter of a pouvd of pearl Garley ; a little fresh celery : a little salt Boll two pounds of lean veal or beef, with a quarter of a pound o^^ peaH barley m a cmart of water vorv bI,.„,i.. ....*:, :x ul .P^ ?. "' P*!"" foodfw the Sick ^ only keep until the next day theSfor; nnf^ "''^^u ^^^'« «°"P *i" required must be made ^' ^''^'^^^^^'^^ °o* more than the quantity Honey should not be eaten bv the siVlr nr,^ * 1 1 for a lonff time in the stomach aSid fnS. 1/^®''^®' *^ '* continues and flatulence. »>o«»acn, and frequently causes " sourness " M possible, into the food of ?he weak LIS^^ •"*''°duced, as much Brewis.-This is very aoodfonA 7. IT' """'""^^^^ more than a thick top cfusTof br.^ ^^^ c^' Wren. It is nothing beef is boiling, and is Searlv doL . A P"* '!V*° *^« P«* ^^ere salt ing with the^'flj^or Jf meat Sni iu*"''i^? ^^'' '^«^<""«» relish: stomach. ^®** *"'* «*"• and " nourishiug to th« cientlytomelt the suet cLnletelv*'*«Lf\«°tr^^ them suffi. w^.h you pour it. and giTif^e in^v^aSrd't^ drlKelS^/m^S mi?sSi^sth1^j^Si5e?p^^^^^^^^ 'sr '' «r •^^^'^^ '" po-^«n lemon; clean oflf the whfte S a«^ TV ^^*^« * Httle rind of a jug; thenstirouitXdegS; anin? JdliT.n^.^ '"*» This is particularlv anrxA;^^ ' P.°. *"" a half of boi ing water cough. fonsumptS^^^^^^^^^ *^«t aff-ts the fhest i^ flofv^c^raq'^a^j^rSl^o-^eoT^^^^^ \^ -»- of camomile an ounce of bruised calunSa ? a ouarfS f ""*" ^'O"* ' * ^l»arter of peel; fifty cloves, bruled /a^?t iL^^*'' "T" ^ »vater. Put these inaredSi^sln^^o • ** * y"*""*^' °* ^old spring more than a pintof S waS let it^'lnT? ^""i' °r'' ^'^^"^ '^'^^^^ pour off tlie clear liquor. Tak^ thri^ tl^^^ twenty-four houra, tlien '»g every morning. ^ **"'** tablespoonfuls for a dose, fast- aufct^rurl^hkg tTlSVuTal^d^'^'^r ^^^ *h« ""••'^*. spoonfuls of raicIJle-sized brr.Wn«f .^®'^' J^"^^ two or three table* it into a jug, and7,lr oH^one Zrf Af*. '^* " «'«^«^ P"^ 5 tand for about a quSrter of an Cir ^a.! i ^u ^"^'''"^ ^^ter ; let it from the bran. The tea mav L ' **"'^ ,*^®° P*'"'" ^^ the watoi honey, ^en wiie hTs'Sn VrdeTedtlTf ^'/^^ ^"^•^^ «^ «'" ailded, or a little lemon juice Tt i! I. *''*" patient, it may U out either of these addiS A ^i^T^'^' ,"°*. ""Pl^'^^ant «4th. taken many times in the S « ^'"f-g'aasfal of this tea may be I^opt alive^M-ithrSthe? aSris&JrSs" '^""^^ ''^"^ '«- peopK ma'i«'^S*^.-:'^.,,fl^7 ''''^'^' "»uch relished bv «inl, ^3. ana the whit^of ^eTand S STTullSLf ^dfflt^il^J I ■ ii 86 Home and Health. on the fire to boil "when the S^^^pk T*^ ^""^ ^''*«''' ^"^ P"* i* thewaterstanSfbdrw tie topof the cuo I^^^ i?«- *'".'"P '^ ''"'' of au hour ; serve hot. ^ ^ ' * '* "'°'"®^' ^^^^ » q«artei per^Iofl^VcrnYtSS^^^ consumptives and perly seasoned with salt aS heSed bv n L" ''P*? "^i^T ^'^^' P*-"' n.pi|,.v .ua afford, no„H,h2t:*Se'S,r^^i. .J', -{^S heattid tablespoouful of raw beef it T+i.^ . P**'®"^ ''^^'"S » repe.,ted at intervals of fouT houl untU cmed'"eatil? ^''^ ?"'',^"^ iiotuing else in the meanwhile ' **"'^' *'''* d"nking which is to be drunk with thp hT,,,;/ * 4"*"*."y o^ ^n« sediment, to suit. The jar mav a so be n S^i in ^'^ ^^'"^ ^^^""'^^ ^'^^' «»!* of in the wate* aTobove bS tea t^h'!,^''' ^°' *? ^°"'"' ^°«*«*d highly nutritive and rlsiorat ve SuiJ ^iKr^' ''^'r^^'^ « meaty flavor. The old method of i In n„ TL i *". *«''««al^'e. rich, Baacepan makes a soup or biotl not a tel*^' ^''' '''' * "^« ^ « tea. ^K"fieS?e 'ftis I'e^ St^'.f ^t^^^ BubsUnce to sustoin the hodv under irreaf/v^l'.r^'^'^T''^''*^* '* » '"°«t >weful that the greater ,M>rtio., u the X» fuoua N« ,i"2',; f ' 'l"? «^.«t''b>i''hed fact anmml or nitrogenous food, and there see f, , n rLJ "i® ^"''^ '» furnished hy elements can be 8un|)lied to the l„wiut„M '^®''*'"' *" "^oubt that the same or meat juice, such'iei thus « akin/on" of\hL"';n2"r','""?^*"^ .^""» «' •^«e' t^«! possess. It has uerUinlv had T^J^t V^L^J '»ost valuable tissue builders we are many instances Tu which i^'lassUedlhts ""* ^^^ '*'"'«' """'''' ""^ ^''«^« «vtXL"'o?LTL"fnr^^^^^ useful and nutW- The mother of the patient had Three chndren « fl,^"/"']' T^. "^ '"onths old. Uje second died nine days after bir h ?ro,u ^.an tio an^" th ' .V "?'! ''"^ stillborn. *'f'' 8»'e wag three weeks old. Knowirt&^^^^^ eh Id, and suspecting it was due probab v f ? H,i •"''^*. '^^"^^ '" '»«'• second Wi^k, a thoroughly sup,.ortin,r treatment wll, adon J".^"',T,1"^ ''^ *"« '"»*'•«•••« oitine's preparation of meat-iiii,..! •- Vhtli »• *"*"^Pted, and hfteen drops of " Val. milk and H.^e-wate;. w "re gi^e" "" The ,uo hcr's 'sunL'T"',f "''"' '^^"•'^•' ^"-'^ 3^ «?«'•. milk had a tendency to LX n sn^^nf h "' >■ '"'" '^'"^ ''«''»'' »!'• was discontinued. The child he^an to in,p%vo 1 a f^vn"-' '»n«7'?ter, and so of the mother, -got (at aud sulid." toXTourl!e lt'Tt^^'L^^'l'^V'7'''i --■ otOuH of up the eggs lie mixture, mtter that, and put it cup so that or a quarter iptives and f beef, pro- containing where the assimilates >iig for and ent called t eating a / fine, and 1 drinking lean beef, r upon it * about an lit. Next e, and let ain. The jediment, with salt r, instead resents a ^le, rich, iire in a ion of beef i08t iiDeful ished fact, iiiished by t the same f beef tea, uildci'N we aud there Hd mitri- >iiths old. Jtill-born, to declinu er sevoiid mother's of " Val. ted cow's kept u|). , and 80 he words Stock of Watea-^Ita Relation to Health. WATER-ITS RELATION TO HEALTH. 8t Jte r:;intel^emrnt'"Turw^^^ to good health.' "lotedtateVlfk:?^^^^^^^^ rtr^StT '' '''''''• ''' »^*"-' historrrerKi^trt^s latbS teufhTi'lT'* *1'*' ''''«^' '^**^*-' '■" '*« continuous circu. Sni{ P "" atmosphere and oceans of our globe, is first mire it S^Ei evaporate,! at comparatively low tLp^rature b/S e oward the noI«, n T'^ lu'."?^" "»'■*''•' *"^ '^^^^^ed slJwIv aZm „,' P f °^ *'^® ^*^*h oy the return trade-winds When TnJa fu'^"''""''"*?' ««t«rated with watery vapor, meet wUh colde? lZZtl^7V' *x"^ re-enter into its ceaseless circulation. All hfwaterv y^lZn^7-^''\ ^\7^'''^ ^''''''^ f^*>™ condensa ion o Hie watery vapor contained m the atmosphere. .eaKf^sS.y!?Wf ^° *^® Country.-In rural districts the . ivaier oi spungs and Avells la comparat ve y pure. The mire rain 18 S CtVl?' '* ^''* ^'"^^ ""^<^«« '^' air'JhLgh whichTpass B Lii ■ * 1 "^''•""^ gi^ses) percolates through the soil and fil- iratesmtotho subterraneous water strata or fountains and tier cg S=^ri^-ri^=S^S^^eo^n^-^ aated by passing through a drainage area of pol uted TrounS In h. respect, the increasing density of population anK lentot cvibzation upon the prinieva/state of tho earth Wface lave largely altered these conditions for the supply of pure water ?iot only m crowded centers of population and iSdu^/y.^Su? So in mu«m,lftr«f^"v.J V",^l?fu-"!?l\J'*'^«^^^ an improvement in the h ' i* ' 88 Home and Heaith. •untl surface-water around A rUn«Iif "o?" *"« contaminated soil rregnate the surface Tu wiVff ^ wS^h^^^^ population soon im course below, especially if 7nlh water ^ nlr f r*"" J"*** *^'« ^»t«»- of the well, are so constructed aTJotVo nrfl *'i«.?'":f«« : the walls sian wells " and " deep drivS weUs'' frfm T'i!*!u'°^°^^- "Arte- Is excluded funiish the S water (excTt nJi ^^^ ''''^'^' ^**«' can be obtained witli the expe^Jrof&hv'l^ ff Lr*f^' ^'''«»» duits, in which tlie water is broLhVW^ ^L^a tightly-closed con- polluted resen-oirs ^" ^'^^'^ * distance and from un- «rfrj^ shcUd be widely places, and should n6ihT'BiSFAedZ'Jll^!' *°^ "'""*»^ Jncks. so that any surface liquid^hat Sif "? 7^'^^ ^T^ «*°»«« " free access ; but its walirshSlJ^.i "®'' through the soil has *p that nothing can ^"^1^ m e^cen'ltv, T^l':* «l'* ^'"' ««">««* ground charcoal or anS charcoal. '""^' °'' '^^"^'•' 'trough of ?SSlJ2 mr^iS;'c*i?efu?^'te^^ ^« «°-t">cted no foul air can pas^ through or over ?he'w t' ,T^ «° PJ*««d tha? overflow pipes from cisterns shn.i?J1L 5 * ^^^^ ^^^y «>ntain. Tht other PiP^. Roofs and guTtert,^^^^^^^ ^ith »ny inspected, and some simple contnSSp^«^« iPl^*"".^* be frequently their careful cleansinrbefore th^wXl i^^ ^^^^^^^ *° '"^""-^ ^istoro. Cistern water ought to £ freouet^fr^ ^^.'^^^ '»**> the ^ept free fn>m color, odor. Ir JtL indfcXoS impS'' *"' '° exStl^fs^gflf^o&t'^^^^^ "?"PI« -ethod of the suspected wair in a"feaVrt5e!'wWc'hToul3 L^"^"*'*^ ^^ fittmg glass stopper. Set the bottl« in *h • 8"0"W nave a close, thesuntight wirfall on it If the wLU^^.r°'^°^ '^"^ ^^^'^ •fter a week's exposure it mav be nT«^^ remains bright and limpid becomes turbid ^r^g^heT/ekit^3^•"'*'***^*^?^"««• ^"^ if it anhealthy. Such wX should not h^^l^^ ?°"f • T^''''^y *<> ^ ;intil it has been boiled and filtered after wtio^;f'*'',!"^'5S. P^'-P^^^" by any simple process, such as nourln.! IJ i *• '* ^^^"'^ ^^^ aerated Ate iTHi^h Al™-" ".not ge.,„li, k^^ -. '"" ♦■'-•'psfty 01 purifj-iig water. ^ I / i I Water— Its delation to Health. 89 tablespoonful of pulverized alum BprinL: -• into a hogshead of water (the water stirred at the time) wifl, after che lapse of a few hours Oy precipitating to the bottom the impure particles, so purify it that it will be founcfto possess all the freshness and clearacss of the fir."st jpring water. A pailful containing four gallons may be purifie. v * single teaspoonful. ' *"""«=' nLif^^y^^^^ ?^l*®' **^^° ^^-^^ ^a*®r for Drinking Pur- poses ?-\Vater8 which contain only small quantities of thefe linie and ma^esia compounds are said to be "soft," while those which contain them in greater proportion are described as beine "hard ' It 18 not advisable to use habitually a very hard water either for culinary or dietetic purposes ; the presence, however of • fair TZ'l^ ?M ^T ^^"® impurities-tlie occurrence of which con- Btitutes "hardness "-rather increases than impairs the value of water as a beverage. There are, though, it shoufd never bo foruot- ten certain other impurities sometimes found in water which render It quite unfit for use and which have, indeed, been the cause of much disease and suflTering, when water containing them has been used for dietetic purposes. Spring water is best adapted for drink when It IS soft, although it is often oppressive to weak stomachs. It pften proves injurious to domestic animals when they are confined to it, and IS particularly disliked by horses. ^rJ^!?5;%? ®' Hydropathy.-Water has been used in the treatment of disease from very early times. By the Priessnitz system water alone is used as a cure for nearly all diseases. Amonc the processes of hydropathy are the Sitz bath, the douche, the slfow'e? bath, and cold water compresses. For the beneficial application of water treatment m various diseases, the reader is referred to the ensuing pages. Water a Powerful Absorbent. -Few persons know how cer! tainly and rapidly water imbibes the impurities of the air ^^0! us think ,f tSe water be clear and cold*^it must v^ perfectly pure though It has stood m a close bed-room twenty-four hours -burS .s lar from true If a pitcher of water be set in a rc2>m for only a few hours it will absorb nearly all the respired and perspired eases '"*/^? ^» ^^^r^' °^ ^^»«*» ^i" have become purerVbut t^e wJte? ."oS^ ??^^- ^^'' '°i^' l^' ^**«' •«' *h« greater the capacSJ to contain these gases. At ordinary temperatures, a pail of water can contain a great amount of ammonia and carbonic-acid gas ; and its ITf.'? V^'"'*' these gases is nearly doubled by reducfng the water to a temperature of ice. ' "uwiujj iu« Caution Concerning Standing Water.-The inference is s ?otlTv^unr?nV!,''"?^^^^^ **^**^^'«^ kep7inaroomovern%ht 13 totally unfit for drinking purposes, and should not be used to gargle in the throat ; also, that a large pail of water stimdiii "n a Iwi^r"^^^/^P to purify the atmosphere but should be "?rown ^nyisused" --"j» ^-^ pujn^^u oqsm^ne i|io^uing befo|-f I \r 90 Home and Kkalth. in lead pipes and metallic lined watrJft *'>!,Poi8on by standing dX"' '?'',r'"«"d that ead pTpcs 8^ ouirK*''"* "lany triter2"f ..I ?u ^""^ precaution can do """^.""^"'a nm awhile before «:hether water fs poisoned by floii^^t^^^^^^^ yet the ques ,o„ discussed in the French AcademT.f''* •""''*' ^^''^ P'PPs was lateh- 9»pply through such nines M A *''*^^® ^^o get their Mater lectures he hfd long £ accfs'tom"«^'? ''**'^ *''** "» hi^^ ' e^icaf Penment for the PurpoTe of showZ thlf '"^'^^ ^ ^^''^ ^i-nple ex »nder special /conditions. He takl« ^- *^f*?^ ''^'-''^des lead only s^&'vSt^?s}^Sr^--^-i^^ Kts^piprs.sJif^»^i£^^ sayjanytbing of lead poifonrnf^rSSLS^Ttl^"",'"^^-*" 'Jntt? to Al. Belgrand, one sixth of a irr^- , «f i ^ *"® ^»*er. According prevents the dissolution of the f^u ,! ^*^® ^'^'"" *'»e time of Louia tha^ had passed throufli Zon- C'?^^ '■ «"^ *°^'y«« of ^^J plete absence of lead. ** '' ''' ^ ^^^^^ P'Pes showed the com^ ICE WATER AND HEALTH. solltnt^hiJ^^arm^^rS. ?j««^*/o?-rCold water is a less r,n-, leae^ incipient congestion of the braii^^ '° * '"°'"^°*' ^"t it waJaf III Ice Water and Health. 91 Other Evils of Iced Drinks. —Another eminent hygienic author- ity uix'es that "no well man lias any husinnss to eat ices or drink iced liquids m any shape or form, if ho wanta to preserve his teeth, protect the tone of his stomach, and guard against sudden inflam- (nations and prolonged dyspepsia. It is ei. .ugh to make one shudder 50 see a beautiful young girl sipping scalding coffee or tea at the oeginnmg of a meal, and then cIoh.; it with a glass of ice-water ; for »t thirty she must either be snaggle-toothed, or wear those of the lead or artificial. ' A Suggestive Caution about Ice.— Dr. W. W. Hall, in one Of His Health Tracts, has these suggestive words : " If the read' < down town or away from home on a hot day, and feels as if it be perfectly delicious to have a glass of lemonade, soda-wat. or Orandy toddy, by all mean^ let him resist the temptation until' he gets Home, and then take a glass of cc .1 water, a swallow at a time, with a second or two interval between each swallow. Several note- worthy results will most assuredly follow. " After it in all over, you will feel quite as well from a drink of water as if you had enjoyed a free swig of either of the others. ..V fninutes after you will feel a great deal better. You will not have been poisoned by the lead or copper which is most often found m soda-water. *' You will be richer by six cents, which will be the interest on a dollar for a whole year ! "You will not have fallen down dead from the sudden chills a Imrr ^°"' ^ ^'^^"^ drinking soda, iced water, or toddy in How to Cool Drinking Water without Ice.-Fresh spring or well water is abundantly cool for any diinkinc purpose whatever, vff ! ^nere water is artificially supplied, the case is somewhat dittereut ; but even then there is no good excuse for drinking ice- water, because, even if the excuse were good in itself, the effects on tiie stomach and teeth are the same. Make a bag of thick woollen doubled, lined with muslin ; fill it with ice ; have m a pitcher an inch or two of water above the faucet, and let this bag of ice be suspended from the cover within two inches of the suiface.of the water. The ice will melt slowly and keep the water delightfully cool, but not ice cold. A still better ettect will be produced if the pitcher is also well enveloped in wool- len. Again, water almost as cool as it can be, unless it has ice actually in it, may be had without any ice at all by envelopintt » closed pitcher partly filled w h water with several folds of cotton linen, or bagging, and so ari.*nging it that these folds are kept wet all the time by water dripping from another vessel, on the principle 01 evaporation. *^ *^ Water which is not iced may be drank freely throughout the meal as the natural thirst demands. - o ~» i ■ li ■ ''i IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /. ^ 1.0 I.I 1.25 |50 I""*" ^ m ^ lis IIIIIM 2A 2.2 m U. 11.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. H580 (716)872-4503 ■1>^ :\ \ ^--A\ '-<&»■ t/i »« Home and Health. SUMMER BEVERAGES. ^ Good Oool Watflr Tu ^ reaaon th«^*"'"*y »»« naturally exoeeW' *? "e Jrawn upon. The Best Kind of w^f «* a ^ilu^l T°'n*"eit ^2?3?~flfr''^« '■« a simple and ^r»f«f . Wl they becoma «nff . i^ *' '"^ the lemons m. ^. ""^.S'^atwul for." is?l1™1° "pSi",! r iE£- "fe^^ Summer Beverayen. 93 tkoronghly, aet the pitcher aside for h»If an hoar, then strain the liqnor through a jelly strainer, and put in the ice. Do not drink lemonade if your physician tella you there is an excess of acid in your system. Lemon Sugar for Travellers.— Travellers who find it inoon. venient to use lemons, can carry a box of lemon sugar, prepared from citric acid and au^ar, a little of which in a glass of water will furnish quite a refreshing drink, and one that will help oftentimes to avert sick-keadachf and biliousness. Citric acid is obtained from the juice of lemons aad limes.* Lemons for Excessive Thirst—When persons are feverish and thirsty beyond what is natural, indicated in some cases by a metallic taste in the mouth, especially after drinking water, or by a whitish appearance of the greater part of the surface of the tongue, one of the best coolers," internal or external, is to take a lemon, cut off the top, sprinkle over it some loaf sugar, working it downward into the lemon with the spoon, and then suck it slowly, squeezing the lemon, and adding more sugar as the acidity increases from beina brought up from a lower point. Lemons for Invalids— Invalids with feverishness may take twoorthree lemonsaday in this manner, with the most marked benefat, manifested by a sense of coohiess, comfort, and ijavigoration. Lomons at "Tea-time."— A lemon or two thus taken at "tea- fame, as an entire substitute for the ordinary "supper " of summer would give many a man a comfortable night's sleep and an awaken- ing of rest and mvigoration, with an appetite for breakfast, to which they are strangers who will have their cup of tea or supper of "relish" or II cake ' and berries or peaches and cream. t Orgajiic Matter in Drinking Water— The presence of organic matter in waters has been considered one of the principal causes of any injurious quaUties they may possess; to their presence being attributed the development of such diseases as diarrhoea, dysentery intermittent fever, typhoid fever, etc. Of these ingredients, car- bonate of lune is the most common, and of this there may be. with- out inconvenience, 10-100 to 20-100 of a gramme to the litre. An * WhUo travelling r^ently, mjb Dr. A. N. B«ll in the Sanitarian, our attention !^-I"~i?M"'*'"*'y *f r* *'"u* "*'"""« ^ «»Pty ^^^ *•»»»• ^t there wew ethers ehildren especially, who, on crawling out ol the sleepinir-bunkB. were in want of water more than we were-to drink. It was long, however, brfore the OMTS halted, and the tanks were filled from a roadside stieaS^. Of thij toe iWraty drank. We ventured to sugmst to the porter that possibly this water was not wholesome. But the suggestion that •' water as clesJTas that" waTuot dean to him was absurd. The same suggestion to the conductor was equallv incomnre- hensible. It is Just such water diat collects and holds in solutfon the poison ol typhoid fever, which summer travellers so often take home with them. t The lemon thus eaten was the great physical solace of General Jackson in his ^\ "'S*"j7v ** ^** «>M»">ption combined with dropsy. It loosened thecou«h and relieved him of much of fhat annoying hacking and hemming which aUeSdi disoasea of the throat and lungs, being many times more elBcient. speedvand safa. siiau aui ioiciigc or •• iroeao '' ever swaliowwl. ' ' -««», \-'A i\ 94 /f Home and Health. , Various Drinlro tV ^^"^^^ ^^ ** /raiWe t ti^ ?• '"aximum, i' Buttermilk. ' * * 'beneficial ,..,^- ^ thin gruel ..de of eor. or cats di- '^ "" ^^ '^^^ ^^ «• A pint of grapes . "'"™' '« strengthen. ^-ter is agreeaSe'^^^' ^""^'^t«' or garden berrie« to h U Orangeade Medf.»7T„ «_. .. '"''' ''^ ^^^' - S^Uoa ot ^^iemll^r-'''^ ^««t Je«'» supplied from Jh"' ""^'I^^' and men o? n^ ,*^'^ PiactiL To been /upS froaf^r ' '^^!.'-^«' -"^ 4^:?^'.?' ,*^'^ drink, •iWadi i„T i "^^ medical dena^t, .^^^ '^^ass convinced it will be t!em.?"''1 ^« ^^rgeZmtiT'" f''}"^ thi« ^ntj, , I«es and Ice-cream t? ''''''^'"i^^reZ^^^^^^ ?f ^ -» ^takxug ice-water o?*;.r?« growin. „se of ,-.!: ."^^^^^^^^^^ ^rge wiae-girsfui r ^^^^^d to^^;^^^^^^^^ ^':^ter, accord-ni '^t^^^e^ ^^^ a dra™ff ''^ S^'^0"« of "'s«6tion may Tea and Coffee and Health. 95 proceed naturally. Digestion is arrested as soon as tire temperature of the atoinach falls below about 90 degrees Fah., and when cold drJTiks are taken by the weak, at least some considerable time nuist e'apse before it is restored ; in some instances hours, attended by great waste of power, and a derangement of the stomach. Cold drinks also excite and inllame the throat, causing an artificial thirst, never satisfied by such drinks, to say nothing of the danger of con- tracting colds by this unnatural chilling of the stomach, often fol- lowed i)y bowel tlerangements, inflammation of the stomach, and by still worse ailments. TEA AND COFFEE AND HEALTH. How Tea is Grown.— The tea plant is a native of China, and' resembles the low whortleberry bush in many respects. The Chinese raiTO it very much as we raise corn— three to five plants in a hill, raised from the seed. The plants are not allowed to grow more than one and a half feet high. Only the medium-sized leaves are picked, the largest being left to favor the growth of the plant. The picking occurs (1) in April, of the young and tender leaves ; (2) about the first of May, of the full-si/:ed leaVes ; and (3) about the middle of July, the last making an inferior quality of tea. Preparation of Tea for Market.— Tea leaves are first wilted in the sun, then trodden in baskets by barefooted men to break the stems, next rolled by the hands into a spiral shape, then left in a heap to heat again, and finally dried for the market. This consti- tutes black tea, the frequent exposure to the air and to heat giving it its dark color. For green tea the leaves, instead of being first exposed to the air, are fired for a short time as soon as gathered, then rolled and quickly dried over a fire. The green tea of commerce is artifically colored with tumeric powder and a mixture of gypsum and Prussian blue, the latter iu very minute proportions. Canton teas are usually scented by the infusion of the blossoms of certam aromatic plants. In this country damaged teas and the "grounds" left at hotels are re-rolled, highly colored, packed in old tea-chests, and sent out as new teas. Certain varieties of black tea, even, receive a coating of black lead to make them shiny,* A splendid specimen of tea, grown in the Himalayas, was chem'cally examined by /oiler, and the follownig results obUined. In 100 parts of the tea there were 4_vi5 parts of inoisture, and 5.03 parts of ash. The ash contained in 100 parts showed the followlnjy ingredients : Potash 39.22 coua Q (55 Magnesia .'..'..'.'. c]47 Lime ...,,, »..».»,,,,.. 4 24 Oxide of iron ].". . 433 Protoxide of manganese ].03 Phosphoric acid 14.55 Sulphuric acid , , . . .trace. Chlorine , 8.81 Silica 4.85 Carbonic acid 24.80 Total 100.00 I ' iA 96 Home and Health. ««* plant is like the toh«55^ V^'^ ^^ the tel I„ tK*'*"* **•»"<"■»« « tJvely, and iSnTn i*^** Phosphoric acid £ .u* J*"* '««^m &row terrible sufferSi a^™** i*** P^^ ^-^ «» » inor; nm^^*" considemble ♦"Ooton«»- * .7 ■ ■ L ^' readily bo Tea and Cofee a/nd Health. 97 fwLu*'f'**''^''*''*^^°"^'*'*»'^^y*^«>'n««» familiar with all the o^irhout Jor* *"*" '''"'"'^ '' ''' "° ^^°« ' ^'°''' «"*-^^« «' ^» Was the Case Hereditary?- "My wife was BPveral years • victim to frequent and most terrible palroxysms of sick headlJhe She commenced suffering from it in ^ twenty-fourth yew orw a^e, soon after the birth of our first child. Her fatherririother .nd from the same-the grandmother till she died, the father and mother are so still. From this fact I attribute^ ts appSianoe J Sv^ V Sv'S o"),!! '*T« '^^t'^it^ry predisposition, de^v^ped into Jo rlilLV^^iV^**"^* her system hacf recently passed through, and i^h^^i^P^ ^""^ ''*"'■.'''' ^"^ y**"*- -^'id bibheving, as I (To/that ^n^I\^^ i'V^^" ""S'^t *° ^ ^"'•"d »» 'o»« •« they remain fun" iTaJ; ^v t?/' ?"y rl2'*«*°'*' «^°««" ^»^« taken place in them. 1 gave my attention to the means of cure, without reuardinc the cause beyond what has just been mentioned. ^ ^ ^JSS?r® i^' Remedies.-" In regard to curing, however, I was i^MT*i,^*^"*i?P°'"*™"°^ ^<"^ °o' *^« '"ghtest cSrative act on w" estabhshed m her case During the first three or four years m^li! ernes frequently mitigated the severity of the paroxysm but these 7^ri'Tl J"«*r,«^t«° '' '^ f^'t, they increased inLquency from ?o vioteL? wv'^ °TT^ commonly every week, and Secame Lih«f ,-i t^".**""? **u"''^*^ any relief ; and then she used to Sfr nS!-'- 1- J*^? ^ '^^ frequent paroxysmal attack^ she did Zl^*^ T""^*® *T*T ^^^ il*?^' ^*'*«> *wake: without more or less ?vmn^i li***^- y°*l^'' *^" ?,***« °* **>^?« other and more serious fC^Tif ^«*° /'"o to manifest themselves, which appeared as irrested! ^^ '°''"*'' °'' **' ^ ^ paralysis, if they were not .n^?!^® Careful Investigation.- "Medical aid having now, for ff nnX* '"5*' r^P-^*t'y ?*''«^ *^ ''«-"It to do s!: ''°« «v.«r.%he became still more detH'j.t^'^ '^'*'' ^'^ "" i«creai'- . t° *""« P«ssf^'«'«. or «ome"£ ";,;T>\««^'-iou8 -Sofy %f for Reiief.~«' She t, , ""' «>cperienced suchW^^'Y^'^'-'^We, from th J , '.''r"''*^'>' ^'^r a iew suffermga were conUnuon, ''^««PPoi»ted For ^^nf "f "^'^^'O"* 'fc terrible. On the fo. r^L i ' ^"^ ^bout half of ff • ^x?'" *«« days her seemed that coneesS '^7 *'^« P^'" in the h. i"' *""« thc/wera tune greatly. „„,j, S,TSl.. ""'''' *" «'«"««£. j'"*™'^ "' "'» she ho^'**® ^«««« before lia.hf ° ^""^ before in tw^'"*"' ''"^''^^ of headroiT"". '^^"t "'oiig mmmmm Ptesent, nearly three vT^^®^<=ond time amff S'^'^-^eadacho Tea and Co fee and Health. '99 Was the Case "Peculiar.?"-" Now, all tins miffht with .omp i /ausibil.ty, be said to be the result of a very nmmKZi^rl^^t W)n8t.tntion, a highlymarked idiosyncrasy^aS thweC^Jt^^' portant in it^ bearing upon other cases Rnt ]«f «! ^^ '-J? * 1^' point Fortified witS tL facts IhaUll ca^ffu^ishedr^'rh?;; advised a 1 patients consulting me the last ^ovears forgot Jll^ ocho to abandon at once and\holly thrus7o?tTof LTan'^^^^ K »i • J'?',^fr ^'^''"'*' *'^''"gh. to induce any to do so thi hold which habit had upon them being so strong and rtt«.rl^ impossible to persuade others to make tlie sacrifice^' ^ A Remarkable Teat.— " Of the few who have comnllAii »:*», «,„ aniy Healthy, but who were among those the worst afflicted with this malady of any that I have ever met. One of these was ™S of sixty years of age. and had suffered his ent"re I fetfme or fro^m Hs earliest recollection, with sick-headache, f requently aToC as ^ierv week, and sometimes for two days at a time^ I prescribed for him several tunes, but with no other result than to partmllv relief tK seventy of the attaoks-did not break in at allCn X freouencv of their recurrence-so finally prevailed upon him, two yeare i^n last spring, to abstain from tlie use of tea ^ ^ r.^^ ''"^ I'ved out of the city I never learned the result until three or elrTed'^Wefr'dltr V"'/Y T' '"","?«» the V'eet, and h remarked. Well, doctor, I got nd of my sick-headaches by stoppinc tea. He further said that his pain was much greater than common f«nnl kV*^' "^ir ^"*''^"S ^' «*f' b"* l'« then went much longeSan two Ir tSr *"' K "■ ""''"'^' '^'"^^'^ '^^^ '^'^o !««« severe, and after two or three such recurrences, each at longer intervals and in esJ violence, they disappeared entirely. And that of late he had tried :?trft^mTXtr^ th^?frmt^tSya^?If?y*yTa;^"&^^^ thirty years or ofer, or from KL^ri; man'l^od wfth sSffl For some two years or more I was called to hirSneatedlv fn; tto tVth Jr.^^'T'^ '"^^" '''''"'^ instances liad to^^tt^nd^hhn «n„„w- ^'^ '^^y' ^1 "'^ *''^ symptoms would yield. His distreis at such times was really terrible. No other expression woSld at all adequately describe it. He would sometimes gStwo and even Jhree days without sleep and all the time under appaVlSt*y as extreme pain as a man could endure and retain his comcioiVsness IndeeTl tTitZ" "'i*'''? 1^ *'^^'" *"^°ks he did become "Z' delirious' And hnally also, he began to show marked symptoms of narSs' his extremities becoming numb, and in several Instances losinL^Jhe use of h.s legs in a great measure, during the se StHf tKar ssT.b'Ji':^;^^t';™ sr '^ *^ h '' *""-^^^^ -d h.8 refusing longer to abandon what I believed to b^ the cause of i (:' • |! Hi ii ll LOO HoMR AVD Health. all A ifiALTH. «nt afterward, pi,^;, tl **^J^' ''**^ ^"^ om o^? '^''PP^d the te, three case* w^fr r'^f* We Teat -~"tu ^^ . ** ^«^^ m vear« ?nore eapeciallycalL ^!t ^'«*«'' obsen^til ** "e'^er drink te? . . The Kinds of Tea tt-^^ '^^ '*'« "« ™ Claim no «^ " :!'^«'««« given. «o *k.^'? *^«i»"_ effect, u,^' ^ there seem? "J^ k' •'■®* Used.-« 'WifK ' )»!.,»«.?:- _°.''«^t nor wiflP .,-« ' ' „ .^tner reaueftf* ^\!r! prompt in abandon^ f k^' ''''' ^ice ve^^ Th ''*';."«'P««t»7ovJ^ ^ Tea and Cofe« and Health. 101 nl!;!!^il^'/® ^ the cauNe of a few, at leaat, of the rapidly-increasing immberB of casefl of insanity throughout the civilized world ?" onFrtt^.^**^®^! Excitant.-It is not aseerted that tea doee K v^f w/"if if ^ '""t '^l.^^'*^"' '""^ t'^^™ » °o P««tive proof of L^r ^* *" ^",**)^ ^^"^ *^'^ "*'«J« '8 a powerful excitant of the iamty as many other agents which affect the brain. nrJ,SH«.??7®^"^A**""«®^*-^8"'"' ^^^ '"'O'^n astringent pffi« ! ot tea would seem as though they must make it a cause of chronic constipation with many who drink it. h«5^^ *? Test Each Case Properly -As for hoping to cure sick. headache by medical treatment, when tea-drinking i's the cause of it, emwir 'I ff^'T^'u'^ i' ^'"^'•'y "«*^^««« *°^«ste time in the ?esuhd«„! ^"'^^^ "^ *^'»''»ity to -''Pect to produce such a ™ ^^.^•"^'^^ ^»'' ever yet really cured, where, tlirough the .gnorance of perverseness of the patient, the cause of it waf con- .tantly or frequently renewed. It is not possible that it shouhl be ' Z •h*?"''"^''':" '«* ^^' P'>y«<=i'"> do hi8 duty in all such cases and > rlv iln^^"-?^''**'"/ ? *^"° ?'•*=* t'^^ responsibility where ,t pro- l>«rly belongs, if his advice is not heeded. ^ iH Sr«v a-«. »'^*^"»"y' **»« gradual is seldom reached, and when it is, they see no improvement for so long a time-from the fact that Sit thl^^i ? *^! T''°'"' ^P^"" ^'^ o"«« been broken down- Sfh7+ ' •I'nost always abandon the effort, and stoutly main- SL n.^ i'^l ^**" "*•**""« *" .^^^ *'**" '*• J^^^'d*'^. all the benefits oi ^A^T i^ "-f^tion accruing from the sudden stoppage are lost thft Jl!.^'i?°*/'"'1'?8 ^^""S '""^ ""o^ths, if not years, to reach t«? in ^'P*'^" '""*"" **»« effects that those stopping suddenly will f^al.« '"'' .<^»y«.i>r at most in a few weeks. WHen anythU i Knte'n^'f '""«• ''^^^ "'^''"•'^ to continue it in less strengU^! protests* ^ ^ "^^ """* «o'»P'-o™'8« '^ith Nature and stop hei ♦^^Sf 9^^-^^^>*«*-^"* ^^^""^^ mistaken lo .< often comes to the physician, thus : " Why, doctor, when I havt. she heada^hJ nothmg gives me so much relief as a good strong cup of tea." Tins rel e? i'ffordJa^^hr' *'*' '* i^i^r.\thtm. It is^ theHporary lS«v •ff**'de<*, ^y * '"ore powerful re-stimulation, while thrnext rrLuTnJ"*lf* '""' 80 much the sooner, or in greater severity, a- ?hSL/ t'^«r«"«'«^fd attack upon the nervous forces. Infect, though not so disreputable, it is only the old cry of the inebriate in his cravings : '• Give me my drinks, they are a/that relieve me " T ^f » Jl* ^^ Banished from a Blinister's Table.-Rev. Dr. ^t.L''"?^ 0-dayIvia?ted''a";bre'p^^^^ •nd requested his counsel ^s tp ^he moat aiiU,hl^' ^^^l ^^ V^i. if I. « m m\ .Hi !i 1 103 I HoMB AND Health. responded, " I^t iia f?i** j-* •"■,l»r;j»t health': "^y'^S attTS'' " »»"""•. «» o.«. of y<,„ .''H^';°°f.f,"''"'«i'i the doctor. wifeVa.*^'"" «■' ^""'■■"««' '« i. h«r„„, ,. , ,„,„,^ " Jt crt^inlX™.";;™" ?'""-'<«"""y .-..ponded .he ,l»=.or, .ddio. ••rh,\^t;;„l;t;^f;-„"/.«i«.oier ' WM nonplupeed again Afl»l!.^?°''«'™™"«'"'il„e„ ... safe side ."IrJ^^o?^ m health, it would hff.ixx"** '" » "natter fl- , the omission could " Hn ..ru ,f "^tter to err on th, that dav to «,f.^ congratulation on the Srt «? *° i^ * ""tter of T/ie Atr we Breathe. 103 il^XonJt':'^' "^^ ""^^ ""^^^^ »>y those who «e accu.. nearly the same substancL ° Cvfia^dVttS InT"" '''"' ^''"^ therefore the same as those above Btat«,> vf '.''? ^y^'®'" *""« conceded that a free coffee drXr wm «ll f '• "'""S'T K*'""'""^ of biliousness and nreZt a cl^eS a^nrataSc'e^'^Fo'; wo'L^"" people as a rule, coffee will seldom produce tKH-pn?" i . .* ^'"''^'"S THE AfR WE BREATHE. have been divine " So d«i;r.«;» IV '^'^"^•*hat formed them must pressure wS iuse exauSe nt^n ^^T^^^'g*","' ^^^^ *''« «"§htest forth through SrintricTtP nf « ' ^^* *«"« of «"• «urge bact and cells. Every yew wrierfol^^^^'' f.?^ ^''^^^ ^^"^ innermost halingono huSed thSuInT «?Y«° n»"«>n acts of breathing, in- three^housand te ^TdZ^^tVXu^i "W"** .P"n^--/over goes on constantly and nevl/^f • ^' ^^'^ gigantic process wonder at it Xn Science ?IvLw^'?/ ""^""'^^ "«' ^'^'i ^« only by a wise economy the Drool«fnf^ "«.'*« .'n»g°it"de. In addition, -oi:-s^SSS£~^^^ t^l^and^^S^^^ tiveJy lean upon It, and looMorTt C thL is /ot In -^tt' ^""^ **"'»' "• '"«""«• ation 18 demanded every dav • but to^ nrpo»^ ♦k'I" ^''e same amount o( stimu- iucreasng quantity of fh? «Mm,',i.;= i. *^'^^® *''** amount, a ja-ser and an quently s»up'p,ie"d"\"^ tliOZl otTiHts'^TX^^^ /' V' »« """"^ 're" deny tins after ten years' practice A «\,T„f' v "' ^''^ ^"'^ ''"ffee, ' England, "a. a while those who driKilk'nhrh „,?i ^*'^^-®""'^*»^*°' thirteen and sixteen Whan rii««««a« „.„""••»"• ! ?• *"? mornuiff grow flftenn nn„nH. ""{,.-!"• ^1 r;! ^( 104 Home and Health. demand. mavTbe mJT^^ «°d prwain^^ 1*?^ ,^»»t» of the variable amount^ The nft *'^^ *'"^d aCt ,?/ ^"'A"«« S that they are con«;i i''?'^««n and oxvi«n\^^'^*^' ^'^^ *he last a ^i'0leat.L'sph:Tl^^l'° '^'P^-ryTSJ^J^^o large a ?art? fJving element and i" u®. *"'•"«' world thfiT "impose the table world this nr^ oarbonic acid the deLn., ''''^.8.*'' '« the lii^! ^f should ,oon,xhal? ^J!**'"^ "ver'ed 'fc J^'^? '° *h« ^ege- with carbonicacid and i?" '"'?^^° ^^^^^ the ai^ T^f ^^ P'«"t« foon exhaust thecJhL^^'T'^'^^ t^iey, removJH f^P^^ '*« P'ace " of a negativlXri^"^ «««i. *?^ ^'^^ ce?S?v 'Tk "^ ^°"'d Yet we cannot live wffl ' * ""^ ^^^^'^^r supports ff^' ^® n'trogea and our life would ^J^**"* '*' ^o^ the ox?£„ l^'^l^"?*" destroys it? dream, and would ^''"''^'* *° « pitehff Jl.^'^ ^« too active The watery vapo? sum? ^^r^** '^s^ everish^colf'' ^" ''*° ««»'-cel5 water. WW+U .^"PJ'J'es the animal In^ °"™® •»» a few dav/ like ^mnZrstn7leI""''^ '^^oTAlTf}''' wor Js tfth Anything that cwiX'nr"'^.^''''^'- ^^^^^^ ^?f«™e shrivelled impure. "*"*!^' *ne proportion of thesT tf A^"«a» simoom. HowPreshA- p. ''"^ ^^^'"ents renders air Poritif,. i„ this ?;:„'"'»,"■» »i' »e °thi^J«™' .«<»» bounding # jIj. . — -^ — .. l^nrpie to red, f\ T/is Air we Bnathe', lOS movedlt Sr/*" '"**^ ^^ -«> -''day -ee what it has re- «nd"on?abl:^nlfplaiT'r' ?• ?? '^'^ '^^^^^^ '' >♦« vitality flame. ^„d Se" matCThi?? a?ihe'br/^**i*" ^''^*« '' '^^^ » smell, injurious to the heaUh and mav onnft '%k ''^«'""**'^^« <» *J>« Aircontaining only three or fm,r ,1. ^* "J**"*. **'® ««'"«8 of disease, narcotic poison; and a much «.^»r ''^"*- ^'^ ?"^°°^« *cid gas acts asa effect. (?arefui inve* S^T^rsh^^^^^^^^ ""' ^'^.^« «° '"J^riJu; aTSlfad^^s^r^^^^^ an??eSe^ve°4\^d^^^'i?af b'^^^^^^^ -e,.ge si^ed cetf«. into which the arpLeS tl^l i'l ^"^f?^ vtilUom of air ing to Hutchinson a man .? m.^- *°P""fy the blood. Accord- fufl breath about tVhSel Tnd Srtv '.^'l* ^- " f?^^ ^'^ » ^'^S'^ and for each inch in height betSrppnfi^? f'- T^^^' ""^ * gallon, an increase of eight cubfc incher I„ .^ , v"^ ''^/?'*; ^^^'' ''" ^ lungs contain abSut one hindred cnhio^ k°"' V^'l^o^^d ,t the pelled, thus makinc their eSrlnnf.'^^u^^ '^*"«'^ «an°ot be ex- lun^a^t^aLt^aSSufa'jSiV^ '"".T^ ™- *«kes into his nutriment is extracted from ?t • and In iL' l^''''' '" ^^''' *" '^' J'f« It IS so entirely destitute Tfllfpn- • ^^'"^ ^"* <»"* ^^ the body, into the lungs^S wfthou! fe '"J^ P?'"*'*' /**** '^ re-breathed vidual would^ sXcatr would .L ?'""''•'"/" "^ P"''^ *»''' *he indi- breathes about eichteek Tfmi- f " •*'''*J' ^^^^'^^^^^ As a man breath, he consuS'^v^MwrhVL^ad^ra^r^ \P'"* *' ^^ sixteen hogsheads during the p3 h« t'^f ^^^''^ ^°"''' o*" about were put in a room whicli wou S hnM "/*^ ''^^P '' "^^* "' '^ » man «^uld: during eight hSrieen«vf?T'/*° h°g«J»ead8 of air. he nutriment, a?d would Sie at tS'e PnK ^'^"'A^^^'y **«"» ^^ ^e- breath could be kept to itself nrnvM-S ^'^^^ ^''"'''' «^«° if «a«h from without. ^ ' "' provided no air came into the room --5??????^L«??Pi£ati^^ consists of two acts tne vapor. If the breath s confined in a w*ii i /^ """ "' moisture « ill show decompose, and give off an off "fsi^e guiclSi'/ ""'"' "'^ *""»"' ""'""r niH «3 ?a"v^!;& SS rffia/"''^^^^ ."■>■ - --^ib'e expi„.tio„ J, * V -UTB rw/ nucft »Uke, tiie Mprwsloa of tbe face boing vl i if ft; J ill Jl. 106 HoMB AND Health. fi ^^tl^t't^l^:'^^^^^^^ -Pf»-« 't from the throw back the head and shouldiS. «^ 1-^* straighten the spine, and tage to the musciS At the J^me ti °e tlJ2 T",'''" «'^^^ ^^'^' presses the walls of the abdoTn ouXaJS \^f^''^\^T^''^ «»<» increase the size of ^he chest Then t1ie'el«H °^i '"'''"'* P'^«"«" occupy the extra space, while the S in r.«h-°.. ^"°«l «*P*°d to pipe pours along the bronchial tnh^i 1^/ ''"'? *•''*'<>"«'* *»>e wind- When we forcibly 6x^1 Jht « /' *""** """"^^^^ '«*<> every cell, reversed. Th7s s TalTerLSrX/' W^^^ !,"?«« *^« '>P«^*tii« « waUs of the abdomen an?Cet the liLl?^ ^°'''*'''' ^^^^''^ *he ribs are pulled downward-£ll tLlf k '^•^'»'.*«™ ."Pward, while the chest, a^d forcinjr^routwfrd otH'"''^'°».'^« ««« of th« performed mainly by the diaDhrJm n?« 1 **^' 5"'** breathing is of the heart ; or^ teen iL?Ste **'' ^ ^^^"^ ^°"' ^^ pr^tZZ.f^Zt^^^^J'l^^^^^^ ^^^'^^^onn have severally of re8ponsrble„?mes.L' *°*^ ''**' '^^ indorsement; 1. "Holding the breath " as lone as possible brLhX"'"^ " "^^"^ -cessive^rwK'J^as possible withoul I i^t?4^t ' o^^^^^^^^ -«J- - communication. J,Holdu^thefi^S?.X^-^ in?nrof*effl„T^^^^^^^^ Brown-Sequard. -how that morbid phenomena of ?e;mra«on nrK'"*?^ facts which the influence of arrest. Cou^hiL fni • ? *'*° ^^ *'so stopped by pressing on the nerve on thVl^'in thel'TA T ^f '^^^ ^y A pressure there may meven? ^^n^^^'^^^^^'^P''^ ""^ ^^^^obI Sneezmg may be stopped b^the same A '^^^'^ ^* '" beginning neighborhood of the eSr. right in fr?ntT?h '"'"' ^'««"°« ''^ *»« >ng. It IS so also of hiccough but muoh L ^^?»«y s^p cough- or coughing. ^°' ""*' '""^h less so than for snee^g «^^''^n:iTZ%;S'^^^^^^ the mouth, inside, is also a mense power there, f here wa^a FLnnA '^^' *''** *!»« ^'" ^^s i" " Jhi^.l^ u *^ *"*^ *«'6 "''e laujrliiiiK Bohl.ii,^ ^f^ ""^ system fur more oxixreii isible without The Air we Breathe. 107 It was ex. 2 proper which can be stSbvth.*^"''*'**"' associated with bre.t}„-„„ ter, and at the aame tfme goes to the -«^*' - '^ P'"^"""' ^*"«*'^ spwn,, and arrests it almoa^at once T - ' /i"** " Producing ^e iZT P'-«^«°t. cough by our wHI bJtT^'* "°* ^'^ *»»»* ^« «•' things are possible, and if vou rim. u "* /"*"J^ instances those pneumonia, or any other icuto aff«^*-™^'', *^** '" bronchitis aS coughing greatly iLrea/esth?tS''«t'*/*'^" ^''"^' hacking^ how^,portaut it is for the paliSti Vy' tS J^cSuK^^I- constant breathing of even «.« «if u!i ' ■ ^'^^^^ " clogged. The cannot but tend to^ndSnf hf ht* fh'^E i!,' ?.^^ ^o2t rlt'.^i '" '" ? condition to receive the sep^^ «f ^^^*^*^ " °ot pari. The system uninspired bv th^l^lJ- ^"^ °' disease at any timi> The pale cheek. ?he luTterftsTT' X^'l^" !? "^""*^^ plamfy of oxygen starvation ^ ' ^^ ^'"'^"'^ «*«?• speak too Hoi" %ti:t ?r.\erii"i^ rzr ..^-^ — p*- -n what ,8 80 abundant, and so chTai^S*''' '*^*' "^he lack Jf tainttheairof awhdertom^ '**^ ^^" *° » triSing extent maMa'Sgh^tra^J^J^aV^^^^^^ Fires.-It is.esti. sons. Carbonio oxide gas. Hvr^ll nf "' u *'^- «« » dozen per- JJ,*" ''fbonic acid gas, Lks o?t1rom a sS «''*'"\ T '« ^^^^^ly the hot iron, and. besides theTr whSh if^ *'"'.''"^'* *'»« Pores of actually poisons that which w«Llf. '* 'l™«^s ^«>ni the room it rapidly unfit the air of a rtm foJ use " ^"""^ '^^^^^'^^ *"<» li^hi* Sm^f!ll^e^SaSli!£^^^^^^ £"Jh^f"«r"* Houses.^ present, are nurseries of^consumSSoi 7^^^ '^^^^^^^ ^'' « ever says that this disease couK effecJaX**.^" *""l°«"* phyaiciim DroDAf att^^t.: A. _ .V, .. *■ enectuallv be tmnr-AaA »~.-l-x . says that thislir^re ^ouuZ'^&Jlt^ ^^ «minent7hy.iS attention to v«n*ii„t"^" .^^^'''H^^y be guarded a^i^t w pure air may bT".«Stel ThTS^L^J^T?*^"' , JcTi lack of pure air may be attribM 'l"*^^P^* ^y vaccin.t«iJ,.-fo''i prevalent disease. clLsel*"^^^ w'^^^^^^^^^ fearly all th: Some phy^cia.. attribute the ^re^^rn^T^/i.^'jJjJ-^^^^^ 108 Home and Health. I! them to the rum shTfrstrmuTaLTs. '^^ ""®''*'^' *° **"^« well if the Krate coi aina a El If ^' T^ "' ''"'"^ ^«»ther it ia carry the vitiaL ^r Tt of The rorm'"?n^«L*;: ""'^'^ t «"'•'•«"* ""^ necessary to see that the air drli „ hito tL . '^^' '»'>.^«^«'". it is outside of the house. SumnfeTor wS?er it?™ 'il?V° ^"'"" »^« ingress for pure air. TJ,e a"m murMl i ".,^«" *» ^^^e a free causing a «reat fall of tenpemurTwJ;^^^^^^ *J'' ^'^''^^^^ may be Irawn down an Tnch or two ?^- ♦» * ^'^ ^^ "^'^ noTnore it«t''ortaS73 i?' ?""-^'^ T'^' -»'«>«^. there is windows all tiryear'rt; 5 thai L hTf^takin^^}:,^*"*:^'^ *-*> an open sleigh when thorouchlv J^rmtji k ^^^'^K.^oW m riding in robes ; and fuch a thinTas tak"- -^^ -^ wrappings of furs Ind occurs, p.ovidiug a Iwfvs Jhe tLr^ T*^'' '"^*' conditions never back, which are Sten n'^lected "^^ """"""'^ °^ '^' f««t '^d di^ij^ti^j^tes^s^^^^^^^^^^^^^ j^pojr ^"^ the^LX^itrstru^oro^nr^^^^^^^^^^ and f'^tening w?th .co^f ^1%^^; km^^^^^^^^ * ^'^^^^ °P«°' window casing in a permanent mannir^'TK'' I"'*" ^, ""^'^d ^ *he well outside, fnd a deSTmpr^^ment of Jhi*'"^ ^"T ^'^^t^ '^ experienced. "nprovement of the air m the room is h4t?b^^uS«Se'?Srt*d\^ot^^^^^^^^^^ -•'-I rooms, tion. 0., if provided these *.«!!lJ^" ^*:^®°?,'"*'*°«^'f ventila- Bcanty l^ng fJod (and we miaht !^^ *" " ?'^f ^"P"« ^^rved by air, a^d are^liXs ^ duU * This ioo^^ ^°^^^ are stupefied by foJl and the weakened aSd poisoned bKlfi^'l' ""^ froni year to year, and a " inysterious Prov?dLuce " irchLli*"'-.!""- ",™*'' ^ ''"^^^^ The voice of nature, as well as nSure*« r^/'**^ ''"^"T *"** '*««*h: acid ^id^in t1.Wo?aSi^"«^~^ '"'^ '»' ascertaining the amount of carbonic *1 ''** *>» •'MP our rooms ta that *»,« »i> j . KM a IMU OU1IC9 iwnleful to "•hakM~wTth h Jf „«"' ^''^° » pr**ipit«te when a ten •~«itaty. regulation wWct ej?^i7be jSrSour^** *** ''^**" Ume-water "^fS The Air w§ Breathe. 109 the Ire ^rJou, coXuSrCld not IcSLb ""'"''"'''' ""' pew8, and logic, rhetoric, eloquence, are alike wadted in the vaia » ; 1/ I', no Home and Health. " ' My drowey powers, why sleep ye » r •I" not let the foul air of lafrsi^f v- J.f""'" ' ^*«*"«« t^^* sextoa ijn't heal H^JoSorf'^ritr AoX^r"^^^^ ^ - *»»« '- want, is fresh^air: ThafS d^wo^lShHl"'!^ ^"^^''^^^^ ' "^«" »he sleep because he watched with ^-^.t ^mT''*"'*' «'' farmer doesn't want of oxygen to keep thT flamrof 1„llV*!' ° ^'^^^ butsimpl^ ^'*y brightly burning. ^ *'"^ *"' mtelleotual and physical icti. CxyS3r?i?gr :ritTtSeL'^ fn^^^"-- '^^-Phe-. n?r. , We cannot live in conformitTtoinir^^? *ff °«"«ht6ous man! violation of the physical ""^''""'^^ *° spiritual laws while in open ne;^^°rd"r^oro?li3r^^^^^^^^^^^ to unde^tand the every human being vitiates at th?f«-f*^'i- ^'^ ^« ^now that air every minute ?^ LiW'when thf. ^'""*^' ^«"'' «"bic feet of li« shuta every door S ^dow ?iS?"T"°" '^^««' ""^ '^^e i' eyemng service. Then see KS' thTn tif *,*^ ^^*? "^ *" *•»« beat tiU ajir ; how hard the ministS tri^ to ?aiae &, ""? ^^ '"'^ ^'t'at«d the height of some great arSent ilrf i '*^^.*°"?.^'« "«*«"«" to thing but bad air. "gument, and how stupid they are-no. vJtiuTon'Ts.'qlSSf doiLt ^t ^*^''' -<» money both, for should be instruffiTownaIUh«*H'^ "*"*':, Saturday the sexto^ aU the dead and foul2r!S iL in a^jf *°^ T"l°^«' to let out more coal on Sunday mJrainf ti h^f^lf "J'^^^' I* takes no cteoT,^' this P«rifiitil™'s5n?ay Si *'i!,*'Jr''^ *«• ^^ degrees church be again thrown wide— w*rm*?^ u*^*^.® openings of the pear, and t?ongh extra SS^Il iS*^ *"^ ^*^ "'^ will alike disao- ture the minisL wi^rp^^hTo^mthTT^ ^ """" "'« tem^rl the hearers will listen with such iJi~?. ^"f^'u'" consequence, and that the loss of the wcket wil hf^ a '.^'."^ ^ **^« ^a^^d word? gam of the soul." *»««''«* will be infinitely compensated by the an open wSdow. It is a common f^n *?*? * ^ "^'"'^^^ tS sleep by pure, anu that apartments Sl/*^^LiW- "**^^ ""^ •" °««ess£il? •ummer Cooing does not Swa^.f °if *?*'", «» winter than ij •areeable warmth ^^-Tr-fv «way« indicate freabneas. ahH ^1." ^^, „„, ^^^^ ^^^^ impurity. ' P«ughS ^%< Ait we Breathe. m «• panuoioos in their affflot* .»^ ~ ^ ^ •"wat^r"*"' <^« "hf a Jh 'fr l^eVtt"^ "^ "''^^^ ^ room yw5L*uSr^Jft^^„^ 0' ja^^^^^ •*t°.di°« « an inhabited ana thereby absorbing. aU the Va^ »hJnK /^"^'y °' condensing, S«i? °>^°,bulk. Tne coldertin'atet L Jh/^" r*''.^"* »««•««' to contain these gases. The " breathS'^'* * ^"^^^ '^ capacity therefore improved by the water if nff "^^P^^'^ of the ro^ i/^ good purifier. "^ "® ''*'*'^' « oft«n changed, and proves a by^ t^tiktrAyTJe^'u^Jl^^^^^ *° ''^''^- 'J^his is shown those of most vocations Xnd Th«* '^*'"T " ^^P' t^^n ImZa "uch that, were it not for tK«i.S ,''*'''"P**'*''« <>' the former wf would probably be sCter tha^ fir^l"^^^^^^ ° *^« "«* *ir, the?r U^ the healthfulness of seaside resoftsianT;? * ***® conclusion that ttow who go to such phces ariJ^the hIb??o?°''' ^- *^« '*«* thit Ug.u the open air. their T^rJ^'^S^S ^^1%^^^^^^ .l^t h^ffi ^hf if^JlrJiJfrT ^" ''^^ -> or water i, fresh Railway trinsTrsteTcarin/^*''*"'.^''-' «»d int^duces nJrL^r"'°« ^*^ "P the atZphe" Cd'S tr'^'^ *°^ ''«^"«tly portant service. It often occurs S it i ..*J^" "«P««t render im- ■n March, no.?h ^t.?°;'.''S aS '' Ul^'^"^- ■""rtkCriy" almost entirely diathermou. ??. ?l?°*'l° *"** P^^ air itself are Z^Sr^K It^eemsthTaVotut'o?J'';« P^"^" °* moisture J tnouaand «;»,«- 4.1. - . " » /""lecuie 01 aquaniu vanA. u • .. «;*«^ ' r' "*" aosorptive nower nf .^ * '^-j'-^t uao sixteen Jutrogen ; and carbonic acid mini *" *tom of oxygen or of I' ?' n ■ 112 Home and Health. I'll ril' m III,' i earth. On the otS^ Cirl whin ftf^'?®^ ^*^*""« *hey reach the earth '>^i<^tTilX^TL7h7j^l Z"^^^^^ the heat from the importance of these facta from *moiLi^^°/° '? w moist. The the atmosph^" Tulily ot tn^rce't^'oflh'?* ff "^<'" Bourca ,8 absorbed within ten feet of tSe ground ^" ^'** ^^'^ *^'" 9»;irdnj5n^^^^^^^^^ Br«?f ia?ratlft^%P,^f -77^^^^^^^^ ««'«- Pl^yaician, the same benefit as that of the monnf;,„ 1 ! ^"Tt '^^ Produces modu. #c•.«rf,^.^the L^er acTmore Vor^fh^'' f" * **'ff«''«°' on the constitution which r«f^;n. ™rc\bly and energetically resources to S^by if whie the Z-/'*^"'^ andlnternal Blower efficacy! being therewtore suit^bfe tf.K™"''" r*^^' ^"'^ excitable organizations. Prom th?a i^S?-! * A®- '^^?*'^'' *»^ les" Bcientious physician who SsthVS*"^' ?-'*'°'''^ *^« «<>«• carbonic acid, which make ,mT,; o^ 1 "''^S^^' nitrogen, and law it occurs ^hit two gase^s Xn Silfr;. \^"'^' oi this what their relative weij bec^m« thnri^^ m *°«?ther, no matter proportions which arrsffii'beTnVSS *"«'*^^''' '° of their densities ^ mversely as the square roots with tho Wter 'iTinverW ov"'r °^ couSta Jl'/,* "=^" "'J'" into the „pp,; ve.ael.nd ,he1,ydr:g fAS tended ?„'".KT'''* -.. ..,^.« t^uooway citwguish auuuai ejtisteace. Tlxe great 1- »l t>ut when tha ley reach the heat from the • moist. The is very great. I of heat are luontly they th, which, it t diffused iu eat from this i^inds are, as south-west ; Tlie sudden id is usually e is true of 1 physician, ir produces a different Qergetically nd internal ently, with ^er and less n, the con- it much to pine or the eforehim." as that of ns relating rogan, and tue of this no matter )gether, in luare roots from one loon filled jssel filled ler, and a vo, it will ascended the lower 1 be thus iling car- i^onderful over the 'he great I>Uinfectant», 113 '^''^i^:^'S^!f:^::^l^lr '°°- -th the free and purer .hSys!gr!gl?tfo5tSS„\'?Sfc^^ of Geneva, and spring are the seasons of ir"«testS^i-^.^'"^ '-**"** '^'"**^ center of Europ... In the souT^n t^e S "* **•* """'^^ *°d autuinnarethemostde8tructivrseasons.h„f *'*'?• "i""'»" and It exists, transforms the perlod^roLr^nf"" , .?'*'™' ^here The same influence, as M ^mm«^ character of the mortolitv .traction to the ^^C£,^^7Zvo^n!^''TX ",*^« ^^^o^'' to the perfect drainage of the soU that £ fff" ^* *'"'"»*«''• It is m both cases. * °" *"** ^""^ efforts must be du-ected DISINFECTANTS-HOW TO PREPARE ANO USE THEM dry ^ cellars and vaulte "nd kI!7tL they can reach. Open and dwellings as dry and clean ipSssfble f.7f' T^ T^'''^ '^^^ of the strictest cleanliness " Cn M«f?- "^°"5^? cultivate habits fd out; as well in the cellar K?h«nS"^*°'* habitation, indoor closet as in the hall; notnTa\ZiiZ^^^^''''''^^'^'''^^^d'^rkeBt whole building, keeping an eve tnon^ * ^f"? ""^ » ^^evice in the there is dampf^s tffi; TeJ^e ^ndT^^/'^^^yf ' *^'?* ^^erever m any form are absolutely incon^at.^^^^^ ^*' moral purity and filth ent'^SS^'isTnStinT t& TJLttr l' 7* «^ ^ ^ ^''-b. j:eqmred Care should be used to Smov? . ' ^^^l^ '". ""^ ?'»«« Cold water is better than warm fnr+i, • ® ^"*' ^a*®"" frequeatlv n a freshly.painted rZn wj ^aleZ^ti. ^- ?*"^"^ ^* *«^' the paint. 5Vy it " "™**^® *^e sickening odor of Itte^romp^^rn'Xtt^^^^^^ ^-* of disinfectants, as rendering harmless and even usefu th^- ^'i •''"'' ^°^'^«' ^ well changed. Charcoal powder hw Hi i °*'' ^?'*'®» ''^'^^ are easily water. When the imSes ar« !h/^K T^"^ * ^l***- ^r Putrid with condensed oxygTgis Vh'ch e,?«i'^ 'A'^ *'°'»« '» contact coal which has been exSd to ♦),«?*' V'?^ P*'''*' ^^ *» char- oxidised and destroyed 7laye^ of nu?tir^ ? ^'^'^^^y become the escape of aU offensive odTflomanvd-' ''^*-'°*^ '^''^ P^^^e^' (^arcoal and Lime -Thpi 7 d^^omposmg substance, tage in manyJfsIs^'aisToJ^pTunTfs w' "'^'J* "l'^ »«*^We advan- ^wder... It is useful in SSnV pS?rTgSe^« fetX^Jl fS^llSS' 'X%y%tVrl'fy.%^'^^V^^ but fr""'"J yvercoming them bv substitnfj„« ui "•' '^**"' instead of their place. The presence 7clay hJs i frLi**- T ^^ """^ ^ '» I :. J ■i i'i\ 1 I I I : I : 1 ! lU « HOMK AND HiAlTH. health of oommunitiei. There arn Aft^„« ,?nrfi^2^.'»°»-"dyo'SluSalSrt^ 0' typhoid hyet damp pUce., ceUars. S^ ^to %«*^ r**,.*^^"**«~"Iy1n used m drains, catch b!iin7^»!^ t^ '^°°'<* °ot, hdWever h2 m^ner« above noted in the^aae of 0'?^ ""*^ '° ^^'^ "^« freJMraj-b^^^^^^^ -d putrid fluid, use and ,n damp rooms pLe a numffof ij.l^" *''' P^»«« *« b° dnS hme powder, *^ * aumoer of plates or pans fiUed with the yphoid fdver ^y •oii Thit laaepure by ;h sandy soil «» or Innd- tageonsly in however, b« ' where they leoompoajng Mts, where 9. brma a con* out-honses. 1 the same ' flnids ase o be dried, d with the ron, in its < dissolved 'e8,> is one >n> and la ■b putrid ana if in ur strong B of lin»o known a > a single into ^a }f lime is evolved. tant and f water ; as never >aste, to offensive te-mada >e used with it i>%fw^eekmti. wi dt!irfh^t.r?n';jrmSj £r ^^•' -p-*^- 1« b«en watered on alternate dajs wTth J w! l^ ????'•»«» wards have with excellent results There iT^n 7*S "?'"*'""«' e^'bolic «cid septac and disinfectant has Cn very £fi* "!'* S^" "^^"••'* •"t.^ those streets have often expressed SfU^^?""*'- ^^* inhabitants of removal of disagreeable sS?sJhiohtK°*'°-.** *''• freshness and "^ditasanSditionSeir^'Sort ' ^'^ P'^"^^"' "^ ^^^y le5?na%T&°^^^^^^ a dram of nitrate of pail of water; then mix thrL^^vW? '^™'"'.°^ common salt in a *?•«*««• A 'cloth dipped in^e?^^^^^^^ «"ow the sediment ment » all that is reqZed to pJrifv ih«^l ^"^."P '" *''« *Part- M recommended for its cheaDn^s a «?« ™°»*/«»!'d atmosphero It about twenty.five cents. oSe^onlH*?***^*'"', materiafs costing • P^Wul of water, is excellent fSrskk. 1!?^ °-^ ^'""^ ^^''^^^^ i" "DisInfectiM Mirtnr* •• '"l """'''' "nk-drams and vaults. manganese, oil^ "riJJ^f ^h "Jn« °n "*'*' *'^ °°°««' J Wack Cany this mixture in a cup throulh !L°""*'! ' '^»*«'-. *wo iunce.. CJeneral Disinfecting n * . apartments of the sick, the folIowVc?mpou'ndl*av^^^^^^^^ S^-'^'al disinfection most of the patenSd articles oSd^^^^^^^^^ f^ '« ^^^' *ha," forty pounds ; sulphate of ^i^Tll ' *"Pbate of iron (copperas) sulphate of zi^c (S^trioT^e^Z^''/^'^'^!. «4 ^Ws; two p*,nd8. Mix well and scittfr j!^ P®""*^" ' .Powdewd cTharcoi and make into balls reSd^ for J 1' %Z ''?• ^* ?5 "•'»•» 1""««e» mwaterintheproportiorof a wund of flJ ''^"'^. " "'^«• instan«J -containing a pound of /ewl^rli^^jyi"/*'^'^^^^^^^ » coffee SSS the coffee is to dry the riw W^^"'*?- •. T^« *>«»* mode of usinc roMt the powder oii « mJerTt«i?K'o W?^ ** »" » •»<>'*•»•, and then a dark b^wn color. Sn sprinkSt^ •~° ^l*** ""*^^ »* »>«»««« expose ,t on a plate in tl^ilZ'^t purified""^" '"'^ ^P^^' «' Hoi WJ« h?,„^^^^^^ In Fntnce and St™;. '"W °!«tralize the pernTcrus effecfS^r*^ ?",*» ^'^^^^'^'^ marshes. This plan has been tried with^?uf°' •^^•l»«on8 fron. districts near Rochefort, Prance • J^c ^u, ho„_ 1. j' ."*''* « o«>l'"g heat etea./ily ppJied and m^o^^^'"'!^^^^ may be ffftUons of water. It will not .tdniti"*; <'^'"*« ^'*"ol) to three ou..ee of chloride of leTd d"l ted in a nfnt .7 uT' ^*^"°«- One a pailful of water added, into wh ch * T if i''?* '^**«'"' «"d then been thrown, „erves a «iSr pur^o a/il"' "k fr """" ^'^^t ^a, nianganate of potash to a gallon of water' ^"^ °""''*« °^ P^^' nse^t^Xt'&?^1i;S«^ of potaasa .av he patients during the night or when sSrf LT '^'"'"' ""^ ^«ver bodf; ^ Throw the soiled artiderimniH«V^'"''""°* ^^ instantly in which there ha, been disTolveda„rn ','/{/''*« ^ *"'' °^ *"ter. mer«ed in it. This m?xture ir/h"^* ^^ ^^^?''« *he clothing is im- sohiuon of the oarboliT acid that tLr.r "'"^ir^" «"^'' «o™S by undissolved drops of acid whJ/- "^^Tl"^ ^'^' "^t be •< burned" This woak Bolntion-l part to 2M t n '?'^-'" ^^' ^^^^^'c water. But to destroy clothinra8wJl^"^^*°"^"'^''''™'"""«'othinT diluted only ll to 30 t"C i^s qu^nti ?o?"w ?'*'"*> »«« ^^'^ "^S and antiseptic power of good carbol c^aHH ^ *'"■ ^"^ disinfecting 6- or 100 part9*^of water is sufficient for nr^- ^"** ^'^^^ * P^^ tf d ..ins, sewers, foul heans <,Lki«. „ j ■ .^^^^'nary purposes: For of coal tor, or'thecrude^^^rS^'etf £;'r^ the chV" dead oil" freely applied. Coal tar itself is availabir.! :?''''-^ P"P°«« ^ben upon the walls of stablos, prfvy Ss an'/i;''^'''"5"**°' *<> P^int sawdust or dry lime, coa It cJude acid mf k''""' . ^^ '"^'ng with or heaps of refuse. *^'** "**y ^« «8ed on foul ground! au?p°^til^tThi?f fs ??STiIlT'nt^'^'^ «'-- ^'^^ - of iron shovel quite hot, and Zr vTeSir Tl.^ f''^'' *° '^^^ ' «o'"'noa ar- from this process isX/ent^^^^^^^^ The steam ^Anor.:"^"^^ ^"^ '^"'^^"« atTe^:rlM:^ d,smfectant character. ^^^^^^^^^^^ --d-.thus: Arrange (?orinfectee iisod. ti^ht cover, vn into the :ept up for its may be ol) to tliree rics. One % and then o» salt has ice of per- sa may be and fever ) instantly of Wiiter, ;anate salt on as it is efl to dis- xed with d in two ing is im- complete 'burned" ic water, clothing, the acid infecting 1 part to ' 58. For lead oil" 'e when to paint ng with grounds le air of ommon * steam iracter. irrange daper- ouQces Diain/ectanU. jj* •Jght hours. "■' remain closed for the succeeding bro" ?n"e'. tZ!:^l,ll ^Z^^J" 'Z'''''^^ i'^ *" *^^* »>y <=h'«"ne. tend the process. Pumi/aSi Vo^Tk'*'' "'*""'"* "'"'"'^ «"P'-rin' houses cnly by offic M frder. or nern?^ "^"'''^^ ^ '" dweli.ng. gMM are very poi«)nous." Permission, as the disinfecting To DisinfectWatorcloHflfa t« j- • * .. quantity of earth thkfc -^cJntSiiirn^L/K ^*"u». ^'^t^'-'doset or a liable to be infectart, L so°uS ?f f^, ."Solera excrement, or mixed, as folW;: To « Je. ! , £ ,« / *^^^^^ """'^ *"'^ copperas, to three pint, of the strong ^olutior To""" °'' ^^'^ «'^« '''«"' «"^ closet aMow at tharufP of one pStT.'h^^*''^^^^ P^'^^ *"^' ^at«'- for every p. r,on on the memi«es ' tk'^ P""'^"* "» ''"''^ «* evening, whi e criXe,-. is in the counTv tS" ?!;?'=*;«« "houM be kept «p fection wouul be usefnMn e^erv h^LTh^U*^ of systematic dism^ present in any citv or countrv ^..k T °''^ V^"* ^'^e™ cholera is means of ProLtion cannot b^^^S *^^^^^^^^^ application of this to which persons may ccmn tZ^l^ neglected in any city or place The best s^nitar? "hS adJSe tC' .^'^^^ ^holera"^ is epideCo. these privy and^ewer";iLf„Snt*^^^^^^ quantity of n the presence of cholera, should be h«Tf «„ **'''*. P®"°" <^*>'y. •nd half a dram or half a 'tearpoolif'ul of lrb<3L"rcid"'^'"^ '' "'^' pre^^eft'n?^^^^^ of infection will b. them in sheets saturated w.th a -rutrorof'^J^bo'i^^ro^ ^hT ^P^srnfjj^K^-^^^^^^^^^^ «Bmg it in snflicifnt q, an itv Its vafueT'""".'"''*«'^« '« '" "ot remembered, upon theory o ly " bn t al?n n!^''*' ""•* '"««*• »' ">"«* he J. Sulphate of copper, the same. whetlur the origiMl oL v^iSStlti ,'^"?^""P»Mil>to < f^k ?WM vf VVVvidU up. 11 •!M 128 i ii Home and Health. a Cofpe Ji, tj,«™" 1° ~°" «• 'hey W, S>r& "*" " known thit *" Removing Ponl a,v I- "^"^ Preferred. tocKanfhL?*°^*''^'d«"t«oi^^^^^ Wells—It L of heat in The wate?''''\^**«'' '« helor'sete^L'^^'"^^^*' '* «omea the deleterious ri'"i*"> ^T«' ^hich rushS Inwf.r** '^""''t'ty ^^th perfect safety. The li,^^'"^ ^^'''^ tfa« iaS l^/Z^"* «" Always lower « i; i.i. i , """^ also abaorhaoo^K • "^^Y he made of duty. I ^^siV t^ I'"« Providence, and bel.«v; I never enter a hoanifoi employed effectaa ly deniomf . f* 5^ '*' a«ainst vellow fn?, ®®'"' »« « facile addition to the com' ^*« long ago ar^s q?"" ^'P^i^y. was /• lue firat one •aclt exerted e parchmeat « fluid. > parohment itmoaphere, y> as tar aa iJnary puj.. of calcium agreeable ; For the of cholera ed. * w well [nto wells 'o remove >f burned f it cornea quantity ryin« all '>« made ihe well. id there le great to pre- ingooue 988 and MS are le way )Ioyed verof ? tiio facile was e, in sela, hing oad, one Sunlight and Health. ^g purpose of destroying the ISm Sm7of«ff'' '"^^*'f° '°^ *he and other infectious diaeai^T^?.!^?* f'"?"-PO'f. warlet fever, of one part of rect"Ld oiroTturnS^?/'"*'^^^^^ ingeniously composed with the addition of five d^opSoi?^ ^'^1' ""^ ^^'^*' purifying and disinfectSg pSe/fciS are d^^^^^^ ^'^^ ''"'»««• I** possessed by each of its in^rediflnt- «f u u? *** ^^^ P**^®"^ which is and uonverJng it initlZ^l"!^? ^X'^Si'^i "l^S^'T '""^^f^' ing agent, and verysiniilar in its nftti,r«T "'««> active oxidiz- ing, furniture. wSpSrrcarSrbo^^^^^ Articles of cloth. etc., may be perfectly situStedlifh-i"'' ."f^'^P^P^". betters, ■lightest injuryVandwh^ it ht-Ji*^ '* ^l^^T^ receiving thi rough or poiWa surfaclite Li^ •?? u "*'* ^"^'^ "PP^^ed to any indlfinite i«3 TwJmav ft^a^^^^^^^ ''I P«™i*«°t for an almost ing a few J^ops of ^BltioI'^^'^l^lZ'^^'J^'^^y'^o^n by pour- wffich has been disinfected whJnH.l! P^*^/'"™ over the material »^bein« continually Snerktedwitw'n Tw^n" °^- l^^^'^i'""' ''^^'^ iodine Irom its oombinationwith th« ^'7 ■ '*'"*'^^? ^'^«''**« ^h* dark brown stains.* potassium, and give rise tc SUNLIGHT AND HEALTH. makes the potato vines whifJ nnri If m I ^^^ **'"® <^»8e which operate, to^ produce thI He Lwv^Jls'Zf'^ '" ^*'5 ««^^*™' parlors. Expose either f/tli " ^,^1^" *"** «''« *'«ai"ed n our .how colorXuhTnd st^^th. "^^ "^ '^' '""' ""^ '^'^y ^'^in to Beem^ii7o'v^e^thl\^ht?i^g"e!;j^^^^^^ of the sun's rays, a s7b«e cuSof i nn'^'ri'* ^^ *^^ '^"^'^ ^^^^ ' or but very slichtlv f 2i oil k 1 V- "°^- ^* ^^^^ no* exist in liaht «« pW en be« Medr^iK "n"^*; ''JS'..'!J'.'. »' ?>■« •"" > rr-. — — — -'i '" """uuB 15. Any Vina ^ Briaih.MedlcaI Journal. '■f| ^•f I* 120 HoMB AND Health. Sunlight and Human t ia* o- t ^ea of disease on^he*"dar^liIe /f '^*'""' 1^^"^ '^^^ ^ "The Petersbargh. have been uSmlvfo/Z extensive barrack' at St on Life and Health 'Taeltt/if""?^ *°*"'ed " Lilht its Infl,, ency to syncope and hemnrrh ^ *"® ^^'^^^' ^^aa of apnetitrfl^^ atunted growt^h, l^enuTZ^^SeT'^'T''''''' PhysfoTdeferS" offspring of those so unha3*. • *J ^"'^ premature old aJe TiT' Tail'"?"'"' '^ '^^^^^^ St. JJd effect of if Jlatfon*SSf ?i,"~'!.^* H * Well-established fact th.f *, and red WoodSis become d?^"^".' ^^. ^'«»'*' *he «£ a bu^?' watery portion of the vS fc""''^^ '° quantity, and the sinm ^°' a disease known to physSi"!'!?^.?^ '« voftm^thus ?nZi ''' ««•«. an affection .V wh?cT^K^.^**^°'*'«»«*« ^y thena^e of ?^^^^^^ developed. This exc^usll't^r^.^.^^^t^^d^of fed b?Snlf"!l- "'" '^^ ««° FO^uces the sickly; flabby' \ Sunlight and Health. 121 Sl^tJnTefarnf 4r n'^^^^^^^^^ §^-*-"ke form, of these elemrteShealtrLSPn^.l*T'*^^^ The absence physical comSon of the hwTf^^^^ m*t^rrally altering the vitil strengthrenfeeblingtiTe nS^ous S^Jr?"^^ ma organiS changes in i^BtrSr^^t^ll^\i ultiniately mduc- •rrondissemen? of CWmay in bSBu ' thrJ^tl ^"habitant, of the oufSf ' Sri?es^^Jh?S"'"^«-?"« ^^ '^« -bl^^* Were in labor^Imotomeayeafa^;^^^^^^^^^ °^ H'?^ *^<* harcf braiu first. drfggilg'therSht footTf te? .J^ P*1'".' V^' •"? *^« >«'* ^^o* me he had befn foiling for seveSiir^''^*'?^^ he told is done. At «ixty ^Ind myadf rrnVu" " T^^ Tf'' down under a larce window 7n^ Tii ?tu ^ a'rected him to lie part of his bodv^ arfirat tPn ^ r *^^ ""^ *° «*»'"« O'^ every until he couKpljseiel^^^^ *he timJ hour. His habite were nofJln^^ direct rays of the sun for a full cular. In sfxtontrLTamrr'Sg^^ LT ^''''' ^'''• m^o^l^Cri tt^^' --''' sparkllnf ^y^es^'VLt: =y%Z 8hi?e"^^&??h?arfp'^^^^^^^^ Cures by Sun- many dyspeptic. neurXc rheZ?fjr ^ u""""^ I ^ have assisted into heih fy the sun c^ur^ I h?ve V^l^^^^^^^ wonderful nower of th« b„Vo ^- \ '?*"y **^*' iHustrat ng the invalidMhK have serSslv tTn* '^^ ? '^^ .'=«''**'" «'««««« of denomiilated the *Sun Cu le!'^' ^ ^^ '''""« » ^*»^1' '« ^e the^^p°u'S?yi;g%eWfghT'^^^^^^^^ ^^^«. \- -* o^-ved especiaUy of direct sunlight upoSe S^^^^^^^ Nightingale, "and room where the shutff are^wavs ?hn? r?n *''*"^ I ^ "»**» » ""J' chamber there bliouldTeveTbe shS£««h J ° *i'!^ ^™ <>'' "^d" ha. never bean polluted by th^ ttSJ nf I' ^°^' *,*'^"«^ *'^« ^"°« observe a close. ^ustT-mell of „'^.^l°F;.°' ?"™»°>«"'«'. .^9" will effect of the sun's ravs Themnlli^^Z I»*j'' u' "«Pa"o«<» i^ th« I I:, fllf iJ 123 Home and Health. the shady side of defn vE Sf ^ to confin„ this. Where ia and the unsnnned s?dW iow ^eeT t^^^^^^^ ■^t'V"' ^'^ .ek?8'?a^?L?si!.klXS'ea^?^f°^«-^^*'^y P^^^^"' J^««? them- and in£,or Hfe SraUv SLnl^T'^^Sv""^^^^^^ shadeS rooms, ing in the ho tef rseason^ Sol wh."'"^ ^^ dispensed with except-' aunli^ht. and child^n who play ml^ o^,t nf T' '" *''" P^^ "'' ""'J • ruldy. healthy awZrance^ 7h} ?^^ ^^ ■^^^''' ^''''^''^^y P^^^^^t American house6eeDe^f?nm k« A ^""o'^ng, severe cut on our merited : ''h^S^^^niTZrf^^"''^^^ i ^'''^^^^ <^"y. " weU between people and thrsuT-thlnn? T*' - ^^ ^" ™Placable feud fiercely toget intS the hoSseT and ?h« n^'"^. pgorously and even •nd vigorously to keen him'nnf *5fo*her striving just as fiercely keeperW2 iJiinksfehS fulfill J h ^^^W /'»«"«*'^ ^onsl inacfe the rounds o the whoS Sehold Ih":;? n'l'l*^.""'" '^^ »»« all the shutters, and drawn all th«n.?^;' *?u*^® ^'''*"' closed ■ides of thehoise S^ufhil ^F^^^s on the east and sou^b makes the 8aXand';ound^^^^^^^^ of'?he'L*''"'°°2? »'?• not quite hai,py%nd contented untTl the sun hS^S?"'! S^« »> darkness sets in. She is fliihflfftnt.vii„ -j j • ?** ^f**"® ^o^*^ and -unlight by the heavist of shS^i?^^^^^ T<* *9«n8t the the fijjht goes on dav bv dav tn^\ u^' *°^ ^mbrequins. Thus shuts outih?sunbLaJselt'is;lST° T^ ""T"* J^'-mmer she because it will spoil her caJLLlii." '''^HM'*^ «•»«*« " <>"* rea«,ns. She h^lsons Ej sea8or"tt^./f L '^' J." u°"'«' in perpetua shade, in which th« nS^L '"® 'F^.'^P" *be house fullof aches and^Siins and finallv h- * T"^ °P ^l""^^' dn^arfed, try post-haste so ffi Vey m^y K^^^^^ *'^"t? *> *'««°' they have been denied at homT Sd n wMch fr*^ """"S*^* ^''"^ run and are glorified." ' ^"^ ''^^ country children Oman. Why did she sav it v 'r.. ^ a thoughtful an ««!•«* color, matting is good It wilUot fel ^f''-'"'" ?°' bed-rooms Canton hold dust riadily. noi cont«J & '* "1,**"?'^ '^«P*J '* ^"1 not cleaned, and the^C waj£d e^TrJ '^^^^ ''^"^ *?'^«'^ "P »»<' floors, too, and, batter still I iTe^h^Zil^ '^^'J'^^f • A""^* ?*''**«<' may be placed wheVe wanVif^ ?^"** ^*'**'* ''•'^^^ French very ildom cLS a wh„^ "P*'"', I* " «»id that tS New Worl/ notioT "Ke « Fr«„i -'*' *?^ ^"8*^ ** *he idea »i a take a good thing where^S I fi^!j ?? "/"' ''^ '"*'i°° °o^. b«t I it, which I am o^S to do in nJif* "^7 °-^° «'^°»™«'^ ^n" to ously, and then male the moit ofl?' ° ""^^ '* '*'^^" ""^ ^^"•»°«»i- ha;'??en^^3l^iS5;rfi^«?:Ven K "^^^^ •housekeeper. It while it is true that the t\n7&, l.®' »f«,good scavengere; but vices, it would be well to tekf some'mnr '^"11,'^°* need thei^ ser- of them than to make for n^r=.i "x*^* sensible means to got rid live in. It is beS to kirtTem'^^^^^^^ *^''' ^^ ^'" not •till to keep them out with «Pr«T„^ 7 fly-tra|)s or poison, better are wise en?ugh we shaT ttXa^ teaedT '°'''- •. ^J'^" ^« ditions which produce flies If w« H^ *^ ^ P®""'t the con- we must take the crnseaLces Holuf ""^^^^"^^^^ 'tables, etc.. is not so bad now as it wis when th? Jllf ' """ *'J i'nproving. li . with the house. So we wHlmaL it »r^SL%'^r .""?«' tL same roof svery room in the houserme;Lb of every day ''*^' """^'"^ '""^ ASi?-^L?lLSl'.?tl^lr^^^^^^^ -e many in num. and the very best ^^0 Th37°?* '°P^"«'' '« ^«"d»- poor sleepers should pass manv honS l!, I '!{ '* •" ^^''^ P^»*° that Few as possible in the^eSdT^ "^^^ '" sunshine, and as are®tofof^*n St ilX'to ^hn^'^rr '^<* '-'-^y conductor. BveninweathSwhSft woSid bee«L"n; n %T ^T.^^^'' ^^hicles. diapenser of V:^TlnruL^t:^^SnrJ.Tr.t^^^^ '^^ as ma?h as^flow^eSf W.Tn~^'"''^r" "««^ "'^"^^ine quite are req«ired.'Th''mos?''L?a tifXflUl'^Th'af evf^^^^^^ fT^' meadow could not be maflp h«lf a« k- t^r 1 ..r ever studded a of the glad licht tha?«tr.J.„ 1 beautiful without days and day? Sunshin? for ?he ittle etTthat?') fP*"!^ I^'ght for children, earth. Deal it Lt in genlrous fullni^tV'''" otherwise gloomj be in the sunshine. BeC p°St rl^ „n th""A }f\^^^ ^^^^4 berir than r«nr hoK;„» 47-1-?'*° ^ ''^^ '**'''^ «'^c of an ice the light thaTmakesYf;: "* ''''"'" *"•* •"*'y» ''*''»t«d o.' |. •: i. iJ ii i Ti- ll ili, m Home and Health. •' Jvo^lTchiK friend f„>« the coantnr fn »„ ^ Z^^^^y '^^^^n. a«d, my Cdfnr ?f ^'''^^ 'f ^"" of deli- terraces, called sofon" buflt o^^'Jk"*^—^''^ ""C'^nts often h».l •Mimilation b«oom" weal «J°° "^ %Mtion. dSL »""*'? "ot daily exposed S S direct »r."°,°'.Jf "" '»>» or Mim J fa .-._voioe. .. «o^iSora:;i.'r-.=i.S -^^^^-^^^^!!Li!i!iZ!!!i:^' a ,..et y„„ari.y. I .„ Sunlight and Health. 12S " Tell me about your diet." " liyon will exouse me, I know that is all right. I have studieil the subject, and I know my food is aU right." " How about your exercise ?" tJli^^^'^A "*"? gymnasium in my store, and exercise an hour or *"•' K'ate /on^repT *'" ""''''' ''' ^^'^^ *^- ^^^ " " Why, Doctor, 1 go to bed with the chickens. At any rate I am TnrK ^tl^ "^°t '^'\'^' ,*?^ ^ "«« ^y «'^ o'clock IS^the mo?" mg, take a bath, a plam breakfast, and go to my countinc-room Once m the forenoon, and once in the afternoon, I exeS .-nry itom JJ ^^fu' ^^ w'fe thmks I must have a cancer in the I?fe W'™S'°F ''^™' ^ ^^^^ '"*'• ^ "^« ^^^ mo«t physiologicaJ iite, but my digestion grows worse and worse " *' J' "» .< About your counting-room ; is that light ? is it sunny ?» JNo, that la one nuisance we have in our store. The store is li^^r**" **' ^^' ^•' *^** explains your cancer " Of course, you don't mean that ; but I suppose it would be better if the counting-room was sunny. " I'l' '" woaiu oe oeiter ■4. "^7^^' ^""l ?•' ."** P^*"* <"" *»'m*^ can digest in the dark Trv 8 aSJ lir^.^ V' ^T: ""'Ir- ^''^' ^•■^*°^ '<> caref„lly*1f there 18 a I'^tle light, that potato wil) sprout and try to grow. But surround It with the best manure, water it. do the best ?ou can or"t on"v mS'ii ii" * Now '^' '* ^^""'^^.digeBt and grow. S^e how slender anS pale It IS. Now open a wmdow m another part of the cellar and notice how the poor hungry tiling will stretch that waT Or give the stalk a little twist, and see how ft will lie down. Uhl^ no 8tr?ngth to raise itself again. No matter how much of the best fS fnd dnnk you give it, it can't digest. The process of digestion Ih^J^^ function of assimilation, can't go on without the rnrnefhv sir, with your excellent habits, ff your counting-room were^n a floS of sunlight, you would be better in a week. Ind weulnL month Mr. P., did you ever go into the country late in the summe?' nf course you have been. .Well, did you never notice, whS^SJain is growing in orchards, that the part under the trees irSlKan that outs.de and away from the trees ? The land L S y ^^^^^^^^^ there. For years the leaves have fallen and decave.l but no/S standing this, the wheat is only half size, and S fihrwelT Now what is the difficulty ? The sun shines ipon it more oJ JSb' W that is true, but that under the trees does not re^e've as much ^fn* shine as that away from them. That which Hhus part"v in iha shade, can't digest so well. Why, sir, if you wiU move X countii^ room up.sta,rs, m front, and stand wh^e the sun canCa Hlnf; h«a;n ; T"" ?''"«^ l^ *^"°'y *^"« ""^ ^o""^ hours a dav, yo'u will begin to digest your beef better within th-oe days. Have you eTer fl ■ -Wi i * ii ,!' 4 JT 1.1 i 126 Home and Hbal#h. noticed that the only ffraDei, f k„* . talking. wh?i?v2i tf''**^^*^'' half-bakS «oS^"f^ f*'* ^^""^ '" aud force •Sor^'. "^^""^ ^hole expresafon 7^°^ ^?^«' "'I'ose and cheek's • th-t ^'"^^ *"•« '° *he greeS stat^ ' / "^^''''^ "^ «Pi?it ietthet throw :;:;7hdr'*" "^f- ^'^ *ht o^ ij thV''^'^"P« dozen of thorp^re?hWrto"'?"« «'"' -Vapff SI! T^ She .aicea a -^goodXn^urnr.^J^ro^'ft.oS^^^^^^^ CARE OF THE EYES. th= general cijS,^ ""^ »" "■« obstSi^.l'f'^™. '«l>wor n»r doM rt^^,''^';r™ tl" meao. for the SS.""' "?)™ »' «• Harper's Magazine, mg. Care of the Wyes. 127 defined or indwtjnotly and distorted ; whether it be near-siahted or ur-Bighted ; whether it sees with one or two eyes ; or. finallv. if it does Me clearly Md distinctly, whether it is not using a quantity of nfrvooB force suflBcient after a time not only to exhaust the enercy Of the visual organ, but of the nervous system at large." How the Eye is Kept Clean.— For us to be able to see objects clearly and distinctly, it is necessary that the eye should be kent ^T^C a^°^ *"" purpose it is famished with a little gland, from which flows a watery fluid (tears), which is spread over the eye by the lid, and It is afterward swept oflFby it, and runs through a hole in the bone to the under surface of the nose, while the warm air passinK over it while breathing, evaporates it. It is remarkable that Ik'u ^u^'*?** "*" ^ '"""^ '" *^« «ye» o^ fish, as the element iu r -V J ^ ?>^e answers the same purpose. If the eye had not been furnished with a liquid to wash it, and a lid to sweep it off, thines would appear as they do when you look through a dusty glass. ,How the Eye is Protected from Irritation. -All along the edges of the eyelids there is a great number of little tubes or glands from which flow an oily substance which spreads over the surface of the skin, and thus prevents the edges from being sore or irritated and It also helps to keep tears within the lid. There are also six littli muscles attached to the eye, which enable us to move it in every direction ; and when we consider the diflferent motions they are ^pable of giving to the eye, we cannot but admire the goodn^s of mm who formed them, and thus saved us the trouble of tuminir our heads every time we wish to view an object. ^^^^OJ^PTOVB the Eyelashes. —If the eyelashes be irregular or short, they can be lengthened by simply clipping the split ends once a month. Ladies in Oriental lands often resort to this method with invariable success. Over-Straining the Eyes.— This is done by trying to read or work with partial or imperfect light. How common is our habit of using the eyes in the evening twilight and just before "lighting up. We desire to complete some work, as writing, reading, or sewing, by daylight, and so exert ourselves with insufficient Ught. ^very family should carefully guard against this. So also care Should be used that th.ere shall be sufficient light after nightfaU. When needed for the comfort or convenience of the eyes, another candle. Lamp, or gas-burner must be lighted. The extra cost to the person will be more than saved in the preservation of the sight. Eye-Strain Sometimes the Cause of Headache.— Recent experiments show what the eariier physicians suspected, but could not demonstrate, that very troublesome headaches are sometimes the immediate result of straining the eyes. In order to test such cases, Dr. Wm. Thomson {Am. Journal of Medical Science. 1870) recommends the use of " test discs." The simplest and mn«t ««„- vemenfc on^ that described by Dr. Mitchell as a piece of closely perforated Bnstol-board or card, may be made to answer as a quali- tative test. If we pierce ip a card, close together, half a dozen pin r m 128 HOMR AND ALTH, atlU?„VeTa::;;Vre:a^^^^^^ ? *iP «^ ««■]«* or a or hypermatropia, the oatienl tin f ' '^"**'i*' '^ ^^^^re be myopi* while the perfect ZFnTe^l w Z l^to^'t^^*^ «' S? eve be astigmatic, the multiiflierima^L^^^^^ It the diaordered « the defect be in the honVonill i •^- "^ spread out laterally to this if it be in the poro"^^^^ reach of the resourcL^of^ hf±t S'^^m, ^i^^f''^'^^^ «on'8 test discswell worth earnin? to 1« ""w.^^ ^'- Thom- complex means no one can feeTsu^e^th^f f ' ^'^^o"* '* or more the cause may not be in the o™ of^^^^^^ of heaJache treatment will be at once suggeS "' " '''""^ *here, its ab?nZ?ftSj e^;e°;?rra?S Yf^-^T ^^-" t»>e light is hours. Especially is th^« tnl of? *^*"" «ont»naoti8 use for a few such weariness i^rieVil^'^^^^'^'yt ^^^^.^^ ^^^ility When rest of the eyes mil g^neralW brt^r.H.^^^^^^ ^"' * ^^^^ A brfef the work without danger It ml, ^^^' ""^^ P^"*™'* a renewal of Ittle while, or to waif out ind L thTelJ^ 'T *^« «7^«^°' a else^so change the work in-doS fo? i'Str i'':^^ t^ the^ hoSTt'h?JJ!r Stf p*^^^^^^^^ care should be used ia . persons have thi bad habi^&eri?j^^h«?°'^.*''^.«y^^ Generally" cases 12 inches should be th«/I„^^i^t^®^'' "" *^»« object. In molt distance for the bS or wo5k frSiThe tTi °T*^^^ *^« '"•«'™»™ ought always to be so adjusted to th/i! ."f* ^^^^^'^S- Seat« that it shall not be necessarv f«. *"*'«*'' "^ *ables or deskT -K.und.shouldered»pJSn IrderSwor^'o^'r T' '"^ » Proper Quantity of Liirht -it IIT , ^*'* ""^ '^"*«- look at the sun with impS* 'lv«n T^".^'"^^" that we cannot bnlUant than the sun.7au;f ^' painful t^T' °*?J«°*«' f*'" l"ss atnke directly upon the eye ThfrnoJe fn^^''^ "^^^^ *'»««'• rays persed aad the less directly iLrl^sLn^irTt^^^ "ght is diV beneficial is its action. The uSor!^ll H®°«trate the eye. the more the best example. Everv vfoW o".^"^J^P^™«<* daylight serves as and darkness Ts disTgreTaWe and bt^^^^^ repeated. Flickering^light 1 JkewiseTnnr^"""."' if frequency The simultaneous action of luminmf-nr*"?^®.*^*"t and fatiguing contrasts are produced whenTbrLhTir.l' ?' *^'*»'^*"°^ ahade. The small spacriShted is^?nfi^-« !? t"""^^^^ by a dark zone of shadow around it ;SundL'?h'r'S«'^ V the broad dark states of illumination, tU eves a?e ftrl^' '^"^"T" °^ «"°h contrary shade of ground glaas or noS'^^™ strained and so tire easily T .somewhltsubdferbutSo mVum^^^^^^ ^^'"^ *°d ca^^sing dark shade In these mateSs ie ^s^i^' '' ^"^ Pje^erable to f softemng the dazzling light by disJ'rsffoTits%Kr'"^ ™^°^ '' .v^eat.Directipn of the Light-Th- h»-* "^ ... tb,, skylight." or light irou^%horeriitkrLTl^f:, Two^k Ca/r$ of the Eyes, 129 not requiring a bent position of the head, ami, therefore, deaerves a far more general anprication in the conatructiin of factorie? work shop., .choolB. an»«i«ns and Sther I'll d i f 132 Home and Health. examination as to colors «'n=u«„- » . I»i„„ '""."'^ oo "Mtituted, both in fli. ,.? • "fS"'" exercises in .tas.„d exercises in coIob shLTdt esSE^''"°!f ^^""ii' this ™15e!?'^s?S'?«,t";?,f«,f^^''';?''«'»«»° Wng dra« .„ ti^usciihprf ^; \® apparatus of human vision ''h *"a*«my and this apparatus has its "pecS fun?H '^^^^^ther. Each member of do Its own part or dutyToneltlv" & -^"^ "^"^^ ''"^ '« «"PP08ec[ to a station above which it iZ n J ' ■ ' \^' "^^«^ *» send a renort +« pseudopia) arising from dtSereTl^ V^^^^^^ ^^''^^ o^ false sieht aasociatiou and emotion.* ^ ^'^ *'* °^ ^^^'tio'^ ^ded byTabi?, uie his brain cells ha jnusical performers.' Drain disease . A ease, called f., r^i^. ... .. . »"""""' """ "« Anally died oi be intrusted ■r exercises in y- Examiu- I schools. recent dig- i by looking Jtained from iscovery has letween two 3g drawn to plains these latomy and h " may be r' connected member of upposed to a report to vertheless, 7 the brain false sight ■ limb days false sight sometimes nnolentia,. tremens ; id mental by habit, ^Car9 of the Ear. 133 How to Treat a Sty- — The sty is a small boll protrudiog from the eye-lid. It will luually pass away of itself, but its onre may be hastened by applying a warm poultice of bread and water in a small linen bag. Apply three or four times a day, and each time foment the eye with warm milk and water. Important hints ConcemiiK^Eyesight. — Unless circumstances demand it, it is better that no one should read, sew, or use the eyes for any close work on objects near by before breakfast or imme< diately after a full meal. Bad air and bad food often cause diseased eyes. Cold water is about the safest application for inflamed eyei. Poultices should never be used. Avoid all sudden changes between light and darkness. Avoid looking suddenly from a near object to one in the distance. Never sleep so that on awaking the eyes shall open on the light of the window. Do not use eyesight by light so scant that it requires an effort to discriminate, Never read or sew directly in front of the light of a window. It is best to have the light from above, or obliquely, or over the left shoulder. Too much light creates a glare, and pains and confuses the sight. The moment you are sensible of an effort to distinguish, that moment •top and talk, walk or ride. As the sky is blue and the earth green, it would seem that the ceiling should be a bluish tinge, the carpet green, and the walls of Dome mellow tint. The moment you are instinctively inclined to rub the eyes, that moment cease to use them. *d a I • • » r some sort pears when ' a woman / yornijfht, I »ce, when ' " familiar causes, an c troubJes vould see, f her bed. ide of the th optical c singrers ne i^ieces "R a lonjT ' sijrht of y died of >rly phy. kvlng hlg mth th9 CARE OF THE EAR. How Sound is Produced.-— Whenever one body strikes another in the air, waves are produced, just as when we throw a stone into the water a series of concentric circles surround the spot where it sinks. These waves of air strike upon the membrane. This vibrates and sends the motion along the chain of bones in the middle ear to the fluids of the labyrinth, Here, bristles, sand, and stones pound away, and the wondrous harp of the cochlea, catching up the pulsa- tions, carries them to the fibres of the auditory nerve, which conveys them to the brain, and gives the mind the idea of sound. ■ub8«quent occurrence, on his way to a summer residence of a friend observed, when within a hundred feet of the house, a lady without bonnet or shawl passing •long by the side of the house toward its front, which was not within sight from ^llA annrnaykll linfll f>lA Vlaif^v nciA.<1.r WAn/.kn«l I* U» Av^^^A^^^ ^« . A.^ . ^ h rr-- — • — - "wf^-.j .-^—.......5 ,f. *s-r v(*i.'T7rfr^, vt vvuisc, tv IIICCL ner ou the piazza, but found no one there, nor was there the appearance of th« house bein^ occupied. A few moments after, hemoa tbs grounds. Mrs. S. died nine or ten hours afterwards. lil, 134 Home avd Health. The hair around the ears should never h«i*? *'' ^"* '* ^un out this sensitive organ. °®''*''^ **« ^eft wet, as it may chili •nd hSl^o?:!?^^?-^^^^? ."-y »>« «*«-«d by the «theri„ •weet oil into it and kill if^n^'tt* «®*^ '"to *he ear. pour a HffU K this treatment fails pi 'ti^'". ""T '^^ '' with VS totei "cotton-wool/' tho"iyy"4tiJL?^^ "»«**«» withapilce'S Alter Its introduction, turn th« »l.*- x ® '"® orifice comDietelv press the hand firmly on the ear ?n'w "'^ *^" «de affeSitiS ^ontnf *"• ■J*'* eventually obtJtoed S^S ^ ""^^'"^"^ »" ««« «««» out of tweatyseven. ^ ""^wed good results in ninet^i ..*TheEmtacl»nti.K.-w «oe «w-druir ' " gr«ar.druiB, • KUataciui tnhm ss:t£- J- • - ■ — Care of the Ear. 135 Wted, Tiz., . fluked jSJ^diaSSMrf^f""™!* TOP^iM noise decreaaed. Mid wm^W than & '^^ patient, the impVovelriaTdtl^ot'Toui'ia'^^^^^^^^ ^ ^^"^ weeks, but as a rule it lasted frnm t-„ ♦! * 1 ' pt'iers for some sr«a put fi«r„arr.^°'dif '"''»'• o"- °--^ iJ. AcaaeisrelateJofaperson suflferinc with intense !».-» fr«« baU into sweet oil and insert it into the ear. coTe rin« 4e lStte?Uth the air widTn ashor* ■Vim-Vtr """""^""^i'*"® oottou to iaxdudo ;- t^* • I. H • '"**** """^ "»e uneasiness is forgotten If ih« Amin. « m resorted to until there is »otu»I p«o, the we mty^Jt^S %, ! .:! \\ m ^ 136 Home and Healta. •peedy, but it is just as certain. If one application of the arnica does not eflfect a cure, it will be necessary to repeat it, it may be several times. It is a sure preventive of gathering in the ear, which IS the usual cause of earache. We have never yet known any harm cr serious inconvenience to attend the use of arnica ; thou|?h if the •pirits with which it is made are strong, it may be diluted with a little water, as the spirits, not the arnica, will sometimes cause a temporary dizziness of the head, which is unpleasant. Don't Treat the Ear for Toothache.— It Is a bad practice to put cotton-wool soaked in laudanum or chloroform into the ear for the relief of toothache. It is true that it may sometimes prove effectual and procure a night's rest, for the connection between the teeth and the ear is very close. But let it be borne in mind that the ear is far too delicate and valua^*' j an orgau to be used as a medium for the application of strong remedies for disorders of the teeth, and that both laudanum and chloroform, more especially the latter, ar« powerful irp*ant8, and that such applications are always accom- panied with i.sk. The teeth should be looked after for themselves b ' some competent dentist ; and if toothache spreads to the ear, this is another reason why they should be attended to at once, for prolonged pain in the head, arising from the teeth, may itself injure the hearing. In earache everything should be done to soothe it, and all strong, irritating applications should be avoided. Pieces of hot % or onion should on no account be put in ; but warm flannels should be applied, with poppy fomentations, externally, if the pain does not soon subside.j lion't "Box the Ears."— The practice of boxing children's ears js ereeedine! ' .-eprehensible. It is knciwn that the passage of the ear is closed ! / a thin membrane, especially adapted to be influenced hy every impulse of the air, and with nothing but the air to support \t intern Jly. What, then, can be more likely to injure this mem- brane than a sudden and forcible compression of the air in front of i» r If anyone designed to break or over-stretch the membrane, a more efficient means could scarcely be devined than to bring the hand suddenly and forcibly down upon the passage of the ear, thus driving the ak- violently before it, with no possibility of escape but by the membrane giving way. Medical authorities assert that children are in this way made more or less deaf by boxing on the eoi, " CARE OF THE rOSE-SMELLINQ. The Sense of Smell.— The nostrils open at the back into the pharynx, and are lined by a continuation of the mucous membrane of the throat. The olfactory nerves enter through a sieve-like bony plate at the roof of the nose, and are distributed over the inner surface of the two olfactory chambers. The purpose of the sense of euieli is m warn us gt the presence oi foul ftir, and to aid us in the lelecti. J of food. Car6 of tU 1^086, lZ*f Bo?£fuc%n5e^Lui?fi*r^V^K''^ ^^^'^''l*^ ^« -melled need the odors of the spice islands to iC^fen far' way'r^ra'^ '"°« etc?oWca^u'5^coSiS^^^ ^^-^J' Pit«. P^as, children. ThrsinmSt wav nf jll" ' «en««8 inconvenience aiSoni the opposite nosSanrblow^W^^ °/ ^'^t '°*''"^«^ '« *« «Io»« SometiLs sneezing 'cibvanS^V *5«.P**ie°*'» mouth, will dislodge tSobiecr In ZfpnffP'^'^T'* '""^ ^^^ "o^t^l.. into the nostrils bi means Sf f nl.^^' ^ l'''*™ ^'^ ***«•• «*™«<* material When sim^f ^ Tt^ douche, may wash out the and 1": fore Jp^JeSd tr^^ "^''' * P'^'"'"^*" ^'^^^ ^e called' bleSg ff?J?rnose fre'fh^lJw, -T'"' ^^'^^ '^^^^^'^^ Produce to the h^ead!™uch as strong coffeet.o fnlT? -^^ ^'°°^ too^Ungly excess in drinking ; X Violent m^ntS -i"^' ^'[PO^ure to heat, etc. It is also canned by t ghT IcS t/hrn'^T"? ' ,r'^l*/P**^°°' the nose, etc. In the maiWv T^^' ^ • "^^^^icloths, blows oa BO persistent as to endangi liJr "" '* ^' ^'"*^''^''^^' '''^* ""^^ ^ exS\???oVaf;.^Th?Ma-^^^^^^^^^ P^'^l*^* «^-Jd be kept raised. Find which nostril th«hlli ^°^ °^f * ^*«'"' l^"* ^ my b? M on S fori*! 'T»roV?''"""n^'«^'""•' the^?otetr•^dS\hfr^^^^^^ «los« the^powaof theskw may bring oa a severe attackSTSi k' ' 'I* r I ' ' ! i j i I 138 floMB AND Health, hooM. The chief predisposing causes are confinement in over-heated rooms, and the eating and drinking of hot substances. Treatment of Nasal Catarrh.— No two cases can be treated axactly alike. The special remedy to be usad, and the strength of the solution must be determined by the progress of the case In almost all cases weak solution of chlorate of potash, applied by meana of a syringe, will prove beneficial. Carbolic acid, nitric acid, Lutrol'a solution, lodme and glycerine, tannin and glycerine, are also l^ne- tioial, and are to be applied in the same maimer, or, in the absence of •» synnge, be BDuffed into the nostrils. "««»"wjw CARE OF THE TEETH. Nuniber of the Teeth.— The teeth are classed with the mucoua membrane, as are the hair, nails, horn, and scales, which thouch always found in connection with the skeleton, are neither bone nor are they formed m the same manner as bone. They are thirty-two in number, sixteen in each jaw, similarly shaped and arranged. How the Teeth are Classified— There are eight teeth in eaci i?" Ja^i.'^^^^^S thirty-two in all. In each half jaw the two nearest the middle of each jaw have wide, sharp, chisel-like edges fit for cutting, and hence are called incisors. The next one in each half corresponds to the great tearing or holding tooth of the dog, and is called canine (from canis, a dog) or eye tooth. The next two have broader crowns with two points or cusps, and hence are called the iicuspids. The remaining three on each side in each jaw are much broader, and as they are used to crush the food, they are called grinders or molars. The incisors and eye teeth have one fang or root, the others have two or three each. Order and Period of their Growth.— We are provided with two sets of teeth. The first or " milk teeth, " are small and are only twenty in number. The middle incisors are usually cut about the age of seven months, and the others at the age of nine months • the first molars at the age of twelve months ; and the canine at the age of eighteen months ; the remaining molars at two and three years of age. Ihe lower teeth precede the corresponding upper ones At BIX years of age, when the first set are usually still perfect, the jaws contain the crowns of all the second except the wisdom teeth. About this age, to meet the wants of the growing body, the crowns of the second set begin to press against the roots of the milk teeth, which, becoming absorbed, leave the loosened teeth to drop out, while the new ones rise and occupy their places. The central incisors appear at about seven years of age, the others at eight ; the first bicuspids Ak nine- ^'"f- atto.nnd a*"- +o»i • *-h'> -^a^^^.-^- -*• -!« x- i .. »* ^y-T — -^ — —.1, « !^ vSEviicn au ciSvcu ur tWCiVO J tflS »econd molars at thirteen, and the dens sapientiac or " wisdom teeth" « t«°*h is Havtty&d wfth/Sft Duin f.''"J^'''*'P" Py '"^^^"'^^ ^'^"of blood-vessels and nwves & pulp IS very sensitive, and toothache is caused bv itsirritatron Th! c^Si^Tth^r '" 'i!Vf^ ^•^«, ^ "^'^ '" woodT havT^Ihe fangta ft™ A^ ^ u"^' •'".*,*''« ^O'^'^^* »8 lined with a menTbrane which for^./"" "f ^rV ^^'^^ *^'« '« '" a healthy state "dSderstS ItLgpli^"^ '^'"^' ^"' ^^^" ''^^*'»«<^ •'^^^-^^ *ho seat oTexcnfc^^ bv^D^l!hnL°nf 9®^*5r— The decay of the teeth is commonly caused aL^uJt of th«K "^'r^ '^\'°™' "'^H"«^^'^ b«**««» themfa^d oa account ot the heat and moisture, quickly decomnosa A« fL olii^- S°rol*r * Ir^^ °^ ^^« teeth'a\ediiLnt wSIs cilM^Jr affL- ^''^ **'^ u°r^^^*' "'*"«'•• '"^hich rapidly changennd Xi affords a soil m whicli a sort of fungus speedily SDrinelui^F^^ TiTteTth'cliS'o \'t ''' '»J-«t *?d the^breiTh ?e3esTffen^ Jk I oe teeth can only be preserved by keeping them clean. decay .fnrtl?f« fa ti *he most common dental disease, namely. frrm'^^fLut iralr'^V^ooV'ft °V^™'°*' ?''*'^°' progressiS^ i;:aVatdt-\°"^^^ the toof h T* '"'7^ °^ *^f """^h ; an acid being generated attecks or not by the circumstances of constitution, vital force, etc. kn?wS°S*■' '»»'ii'i<>» «>« ehiS jj bmin ia laid. SJeLd, or Si,,, ."' ''°".°'" ■"'"="'' t" "■» cumstonces oonaiata m3' to wS„ »>'«gi'»nl, against theae oir. whieh is making iJaw^ytJfj;^^""* *"" «»"> "overing the tooth «.n,ugh the day riter Cg, baf i, ^' ^l^J'tl^X S'^' aud a scar forms there ia nnthJ«„ /« k ^ ^ *' *°" *^® cut hee s, finally appear, the S willSe Ca^ t^^^^^^^ "^' '^^^^ «?« *««»»i uncut Bum If tho f^»ti, !i ^ *. ^ "."''" '"°'^« easily than the days^Kaningmayte re^^^^^^ ''''''. \r "^^ *^- the child seems fn much nSn Th« r^f.f k"?.!,^ especially needed if co^se of two or threrhVuSU^ t"'^^^^^^^^^^^^ obtained by saturSir a small bi^o? f ""^ t'^^' ""^y of**" *« strong solutioTof AmLn,wL ^ 1*'^.*'**^**'° ««• wool with a affectid tooth The pSSnt clSr"« ' mmediately to thS aometiwes causes a fiLF&ter^u^!^, instantaneously produced suffering and^^h preVafled ' ^^ * °'°""^* ^^°" «'""»« ttS:b;%Ve ";;Siof of j£: f r^-"^ oonnectedtS. rlS^ ! I' 14S Home and Health. »"' 'S^'T-'i the tooth or ;:;°ri2rth°g"m; "'"" cili^^JlrtieorLofthoK"'* r°"i'^ •'>■ """"p-'ourfj m 0-jStif -f t^riHS a«^' ™« the treatment was repeated Thn m«th^j marked, and longer, as in applying the eleSftv isTo «W ♦? ^"""f-^ ^^ ^'•- Bouchard, rent'^oVthf ohLkXSthe^ "l*'^^ °"^' the anterolateral po?Sn of theTeck ! a^d 5^ « •*J'^°^S^*f^* "P°« electrodes are maSe very large and their nU^^r'"* ulcerations, the The application is contSuSor aboutuf/n^^^^ "'1*°^,^^; Js frequently experienced in ten tn fiffiJ an hour, although relief about ten elements is used ^^^"^ °''°"*"«- ^ l>^"«'7 <>« ha^ttentL^a^toTi? ?f'oTt?l'.f T^'ry^f ^^^^'^ should Dart may be cut away and a^fsffn**'^ destroyed, the decayed Secayed^should neJX Sowed J^rU'r^'lL^"* a tooth. much destioy its neighbors. '"'*'^®" '** i^m&xn in the mouth, as it will Many diseases are cau^d and ST ^M ^ "^T''^ ^* removed. ' r«mo;« .V - w. "!V_ ^' w suppiwo. As long as these bulbs (nanUlrPS of-fte tot ta7sr'So« Si si' ""^r'.^ i^^- ■ »■'• Care of the ffair, U3 ly wZ tjfter"* *?® Hair. --Wash the scalp often and thorough- ly wun aott water, and wipe it dry with a towpl Un,.^ ^iT u*' i ni3^^T*A® Hair FaUs Out—Hair falls out for want of nourish. mnUli sacs »L Lr * ""^ nourishment is only "functional," the papill* sacs and other apparatus remain, but are inactive Tha mechanism which supplies it, the apparatus, is There to mke it ^ Sto t"e ll'±Z r" "■«",-'!' w.™ 7.?lMt» rub I^Pj! »-£ to" ■,l%Lt.a/,*Ltrw''elt HfKSsE^ ng of the scalp may be profitably done twice a week Damnen the miuS"^'2^\^*»»?f OnraMe-When the bulb, .re un. I r fa 144 Hon AiiD Heazah. i! f^^ I! I unn hiS! JT^fi**"** 'PP^*'' *° ^^^ *'*^'* P**<=''«» ^y ni^'i"' of sponge.. will hMten the first appearance of the hair, ana the growth Shd? •when It recommeaces, may be stimulated by constant shaving. .l,;5:u°55 ?*"^ Dyes—Hair dyes, or so-called "hair-restorers." ■hoald be strenuously avoided, as they tend to fill the pores of the !^tem*ab8oibi? •"^»^»'Jy contain poisonous mattersrwhich the Caution in Using "Hair-Oils. "-The frequent use of "oils* Ztr/.".^T' ;"«*^°«.'V pomades." "lustrals," "rosema^ Knlf^nJ ■" r'l *^^ ff^easy pomades are manufactured from lard-oil and simple lard. No " bear's grease " is ever used. If S could be procured readily it should not1>e applied to the ha^r as t iB the most rank and filthy of all the animal fats. ' ^.^,?u^ ^? Dressillg —There are many persons whose hair is natuwUy very dry wd crisn ; and in most families there is a wLJ of «)me innocent and aKreea\)le wash or dressing, which may be us^d inoderately and judiciously. The mixture whi^h may be Warded M the most agreeable, cleanly, and safe, is composed of cSne Bpint and pure castor-oU. The following is a goocfformula -Pure fresh castor-oil, two ounces; cologne spirit (i§nety.fi™iVcfntt' •ixteen ounces The oil is freely distolved in the spStT anSThe solu- ^^^i^«^£i^^^^ts^^^^^^^ ?J for many years been employe! to dress the hair. iSth amone Te eavaee and cmlized nations, and it possesses jproperti^whrch ad! miraXly ^apt it to this use. It d^s not d?y ?aSdly • i^d no g^mmy, offensive residuum remains, after taking on £l the'ch^mica? chance, which occur in all oils upon exposure tolight i^nd air It ?8 bist^iffused by the agency of strong spirits, in which it diwolveJ the alcoho or spirit rapidly evaporat^. and does not in tL sHchS degree, mjure t^e texture of the hair. 'This Drep^ti^n for drfiS the^hair of children or ladies wiU meet neaVly^quite S[ r^Sl n,^^?J®'?**u°° Of Glycerine and Eose-water Recom- mended— A cheap and very good dressing is made by diMolvW four ounces of perfectly pure, lemje glyce^e in twelve ouuce7o? rose-water. Glycerine evaporates only at iugh tenrperSurerLc Srr'a"SgMSe"^'"^^^« *'« ^"' " ^'"-^ - "-S^r veg^tiM?lr4%L^^^^^^^ .Ve^'. ^l .r^i:::f'ul^\?^\^^^^^J^.<>^ tt? oocoa-U have been lar.elv Om^tUSatr, US ^^^^ *® Prmnt the Hair from Tumlng Oray.-The hair Sai Vwn^fh^S"^ ^?' a oonaidSirtim?Lm turning gray, Dy *eemng the head cool, and by ob ng occasionallv saee taf of the head just before or at the time of drewalig SieWr ^ ^ Washing the Hair with Soda-water BeUevea Headache -^ feh^J!!^, :f ° • '^^r "^i^* ^°' "«f ^"^ headSche by wS.g i^ hair thorouctily in weak soda-water. I hare known severe cmp« SnTf\T.^°"^''!™? *°,>^°. -"'""^^^ •'y this simple «m^y.Tfr""nd finds it the greatest relief in cases of '• rare coll " tie cold svmDtom« entirely leaving the eyes and nose after one thorout-h washiuK of the Jj'ivot?e?fZtt^^^^^^^^^^ '^'^ ^^^'' -^ <£^t- 0? ^S.'J??®^*^"^®^ *^ *^e Color of the Halr.-Sudden and Sr«i"if''*'i'*r "^'^^t'mea -0 affected the ne"^conneoted w^h the papilTffl at the roots of the hair, as to produce ins^tan^ua changes m the color of the hair. A German medicaln^gSTow before us, reports two recent cases. u^ga^me, now A Eemarkable Case in Berlin.— A physician of Berlin a strong healthy, and less than middle-aged manf sent his wife and one daughter to spend last summer at a water ng-place. The da?thit Baying that ^s dauchter had been taken siok verV suddenly ^d ^ lilready dead, "tha shock was terrible, and iJstantly hfa' h?5 became entirely gray. He had to visit some patiente that same rt^Sr^^cVai^erS^^^"^^^'^^- T^-P«cuW= fn ^tK°/ """^"^ ^ Rotterdam, when he . chi d sLSne in the water. He plunged in and brought it to hind, butTww already dead by the time he had rescued its body Bendini ovJJ son^Thr^Sw «^'' ':,«/'«°«7''«d that the dead c^hild was h£ ow^ wtn htl!iZ'f ° '"'^^^'' *1!^ unexpected, and coming upon him ^it IATk- ''^ '*' T"''^ exhausted, turned his &ir entirely gray, and left him scarcely recognizabi . ^'umciy saf^n^ D? teftS ""^'3^9^ Without Pright-That eminent savan Dr. Brown-S6quard, in his Archives de Physioloeie dis- covered a rapid transition in color, on certain portion of Ss' f^jT while he was in perfect health. After detailing theTrticuIararn th^tXoh^!/*^' J??*' ^^*^«f ''"y appreciable^ause^otW thaS that which at a certain age makes the beard turn whit^. there took place in his case a very rapid change of color, from bkck to white could ascertain, this change occurred always in the night. He did not examine the whitened hairs with th« mi---~??- ----?--? 2 Ji!!i «!frr"^r^ ""K!"'' P"*« beyonda doubVthe poraSy ofl iSiSS'wSf ''^''"" (probably in l^ ttu^ ^li^ktioiltk K a if r U0 HoitB AND HBAXfftt. Utility of Beards.— A recent writer in one of our standard magazinea strongly puts the case as follows : There are more solid inducements for wearing the beard than the mere improvement of a man s personal appearance, and the cultivation of such an aid to the every-day diplomacy of life. Nature combining, as she never fails to do, the useful with the ornamental, provides us with a far better respirator than science could ever make, and one that is never so hideous to wear as that black seal upon the face that looks like a t)a88port to the realms of suflFering and death. The hair of the moustache not only absorbs the moisture and miasma of the foes but It strains the air from the dust and soot of our great cities. It acts, also, in the most scientific manner, by taking heat from the warm breath as it leaves the chest, and supplying Tt to the cold air taken in. It is not only a respirator, but, witli the beard entire we are provided with a oomforter as well ; and these are never left at home, like umbrellas, and all such appliances, whenever they are wanted. Moffat and Livingstone, the African explorers, and many other travellOTs, say that in the night no wrapper can equal the beard. A remarkable thing is, too, that the beard, like the hair of the head, protects against the heat of the sun ; but, more than this It becomes moist with the perspiration, and then, by evaporation, cools the skin. *^ ' To Remove Dandruff.— 1. Wash the head thoroughly and often o mu'"*^® ^** water, and brush it thoroughly until the hair is dry 2. The white of an egg rubbed thoroughly into the hair with the lingers, and then washed out with plenty of tepid water, is very good. 3. Borax removes the dandruff quickly and perfectly, but u apt to make the hair dry and stiff. 4. Ammonia, and all other alkalies, should be avoided. CARE OF THE FEET. Warm Feet Essential to Health.— Unless the feet be kept warm the circulation of the blood to the extremities is prevented, the whole syster becomes deranged, and fever of any kind becomes aggravated as a result. A distinguished medical man declares that aa a result of many years' careful observation in a large practice in his profession, he believes a large part of the sickness prevalent in any community is " nearly or remotely the result of cold feet." How to Cure the Habit of Cold Feet. -The feet should be placed in a basin of cold water every morning for a few seconds, just deep enough to cover the toes ; wipe dry, dress, and walk offi Once or twice a week the feet should be held in water, made com- fortably warm, for some ten minutes, adding hot water from time to *= y rs — r 7 -• *"^ .«•*-- v*t^4 vi viixo fTacxiiug ab iiiiiiiii IIIC feet were placed in a pan of cold water, toe-deep, for less than a Onarfeer of » miaQte. it would ereatlv aid in sivins tone to the skin. Care o/the FeeL I47 ^^tS^rS^t^X^J' . b-in of ,.no ..ur i. .„ •nv tinietowe«r«.kL..i'^l ? ., " ,"« •Molutely necessary at perhaps tte mo.?£.SlS.l:;L*,Sl?,'JiS°fllfri°Ui;^'^- " incE. The matter is made stfll^orl t^ ""^ three-quarters of an oiS!^? ?/.?J^''l»l»«-Tl>«"o «e alight mfl.„„.«.„ .m.1. iMraUy iA wintor^nd T^ .ud sometime, the nose i^i esiiZ % i 148 H0|IB AKD HbALTH. kooomiiMiied with bliBtera, and thPw, npon breakinir are ant «a oecome ulcerated, and to occasion much aSnoy^cS *' ^ To Cure Ohilblalna— In the simpler forms, Bome Btimulatini? bmment. Buch as equal parts of spirit of wine and vr^atTsp W^ of camphor, will prove sufficient to cure chilbUinsf but when 0„'^*rrt '*''";• '°™^ stronger remedy will be fornd necesLy h»Sf.,r7 ^"^"^ '^T^y " ^ P'*°« ^^^'^'>^ <=oal8 oL a pan, throw a ale Bmoke?"" "'*^ '"''' *'''"^' *"^ ^'^^ *^« ^"^^"'^S feet in ThJ Severe weather may produce a recurrence of the trouble at inter eals, but persistent use of this remedy will prevent Srwella; cure It. It has been known to eflFect very marked cureT Vhero S« ar """^ '^"'"*"^ ''P°"^''' '^^ ^^«" *^1 otheiTemSeiVer: A foreign medical journal thinks the cause of chilblains is often due to impoverishment of blood and a languid, weakly cond?tiou!S ocar^lV ^'.^™ °°l^^ "«' ^y ""^y 1°«*' remeTly Vet £ are local applications which sometimes afford relief, if a wrson S Btnke on the right one. Turpentine is to many a gJea^blessinl aiycenne is a good thing to rub into the hands bJfore*iihii iS ^tile soap and tepid wator. Warm vinegar someSes SvS. Kid gloves hned with wool, are recommended, and. in General ca?; must be taken to keep the hands and feet from wet and^ cold ' Thl London Chemtst recommendB a lotion, which should ^ used with 2. They may be equally successfully removed by wearing «vr them for a few days a smafi plaster madi by meWt7a KTof stick diachylon and dropping on a piece of white silk ^fc^m cidu KpTck'Slf ^^"^^ ^^''y •^-' and'dlJrr^a; i„ f'k '^''•/J.';°™f "n;pcr enape au^ 150 HoMB AND Health. r. coSpi^r?pong?^t'"ui yoa™. employed nails. Hie methfd TZ render ffin? ^^ treatment of ingrowing in 8iae less than a grain of rice i« nUn^A^ I^' xl "" °^ *^e sponge, V strips of adhesfve plaatTr ' tfthla wav f'lf *^' ^^^'I^^ «««"«d kept up from the toe until th« sur°ouidK.?f^ ^T* °^ *^« "^^1 ^^ their normal condition by am oSt "m^f * ^f *' ^"^^ "«tor«d to J>afa in this remedy, and^its^loEtion In = "^ ?""«° ^^ere is no 3. It is stated that cauterS Sa bv hoT'/ n °°^-^ °''^^°*»'y «kill. care for ingrowing nails. Put a smaU n W?"f°7 /,' an immediate and heat it over a lamn nnfji jf i P'®*^® ^'^ *aWow m a snoon three drons.bS^elHaS^ln.^'grruS^^^^^^ ^^ ^P '-"o^ magical, fain and tenderness arfaTnnn«^or ?® ^?'°* ^^ a'^ost the granulations all co leavinfthf^f ''!?'®''^''' *^'d »»» a fow days of .aH feeling, and t^^'edgTSf the naTexnJf ? ^^^ ^"^^ d«««tuS bi&h^eToint'^it™^^^^^^^ fi-t appear by indications of an enlargement fH«^«r "a ^e«P'°g it on until aU mands large BhoesZTXltice^^ln'.J'' 'l"*'"«'* bunion de gently twice or three timers a dav mlv T^'^T' *.^ ^« ">bbed on grams lard or spermaceti ofntmti, haTf an oTnt '' "''"^' *"«^- To Cure "Frosted Ppa* » w„. »« oun^-e. with a feather to the affected ra^^^r™* ?.T® P'"*^ *»«•, and apply to bed. In very bad c^es it mav l^f\u ^^ *^« ^^^^ before g?fnj caticn. It is a aure cTre and tTp f** *^^ '*''°'^'^ »»d third aS lard and soap. ^' ""^ *^« **^' «ai^ easily be removed S?th .o||^Xnh?Slfbf Jfu^^^^^^^^^ and feet are and kept immersed in ft a Snsiderabl l«^!!^^ri?*° ''"^^ ^at«r. .tock^gsar. removed. ^Y tS'^Zlfl^:T^^:j^i::^^^^ CARE OF THE SKIN. t«& l^^'e^^y.-S^ls^'^th; Te^'^ % °°^-'"« -«! » pro. r^erspiration consistaVnUSr-nine mJ^^n? ^^P^^P^ration. fhis Boh/matter. It is called TiTnSeCusi Z^'' *"'*• °°« P*^ <>' nized by the senses, except Xreib-flnr- ^"Por is not recog- nipted. forming drops on^L suI'^ATu". ^^^^'f^X^and mtef- Card qftU Shin, m remarkable absorbing power, and to such a degree that sobstanoo* may be imbibed through itb pores as a medicine, or as a partial relief from thirst and hunger. As an exhalant and absorbent the skin in its functions has been compared to the lungs. Some writ«rs on phy- siology describe it as " the third lung of the body." By carefully conducted experiments it has been found that the skin acts in the same way as the lungs in absorbing oxygen from the air, and giving off carbonic acid to an appreciable amount.* Color of the Skin. — Underneath the outer skin are minute cells containing the particles of coloring matter. The particles are p^>out jj^j of an inch in diameter. " In the varying tint of this coloring matter lies the difference of hue between the blonde and the brunette, the European and the African. In the purest complexion there is some of this pigment, which, however, disappears as the fcesh, round, soft cells of the cutis change into the old, flat, homy scales of the cuticle. Scars are white, because this part of the cuticle ia not restored. The sun has a powerful effect upon the coloriBg matter, and so we readily ' tan ' on exposure to its rays. If the color gathers in spots, it forms freckles, "t The Fores of the Skin. — These are fine tubes about ^^^ of aa inch in diameter, and a quarter of an inch in length, which ma through the cutis, and then coil up in little balls. They are very numerous. In the palm of the hand there are about 2, 800 in a single square inch. On the back of the neck and tmnk, where they are the fewest, there are yet 400 to the square inch. The entire number on the body of an adult is estimated at about 2,500,000. The mouths of these pores may be seen with a pocket lens along the fine ridges which cover the palm of the hand. Through these f)ores the body throws off its excess of water and various impurities rom the blood, and imbibes oxygen and other substances with which the skin comes into contact.:!: '> In some of the lower animals the skin plays astill more important uart. Froeti, . (or instance, deprive'! of their lungs, breatLa with almost undimioisned activiiy, and often survive for days, and snakes get their main i]upply of air through the skin. t This action of the sun on the pij?ment of the skin is very marked. Even among the Africans, the skin is observed to lose its intense black color in tiiD6£ who live for many months in the shades of the forests. It is said that AsiaUc and African women conflned within the walls of the harem, and thus seoluded from the ^un, are as fair as Europeans. Among the Jews who have settled, in Northern Europe, are many of light complexion, while those who live in India ure as dark as the Hindoos. The black pi^jnieiit hus been known to disappear during severe Illness, and a lighter coior to be developed in its })lace. Among the negroes ar« sometimes found people who have no complexion, i. e., there is no coloring mattei in their skin, hair, or the iris of their eyes. Theoo persona are called Albinos.— STEriiB. t Persons frequently poison their bands with the .common wood-ivy; Con- tagious diseases are caught by toucl i ng a patient, or ever, his clothing. Paintern absorb so much lead through the pores of their hands that they are attacked with colic. Snuff and lard are frequently rubbed on the chest of a child suffering w>tb the croup to produce vomiting. Seamen in want of water drench their clothiug in suit spray, aud the skiu will absorb unougii to queuuh thiruL. ' On an oc(»8ion of great solemnity. Pope Leo X caused a young child to ht Ir,! !| ir. I ' 152 Home akd Health, become not only .Tu,; tat St^°i"i.''iT' '"^ '"°*"8 «&ttr-^ -"^"'^ «"'^e'ckreS\&irnS7S rd-7^ sjsir&5>sHffi 1^^^^^ 2. The easiest way to^rt riJ S r,!^**!?** *°"?^ *^« s^^'n- •kin which coversT- cuttt off bvlt?" '«>?»«•« o^ the thickened the surface of the skin L r JachL L!i ?f m ¥?",' «*>»v« i* U'ltil places. Rub the S tho^il'v Jve^^i^lh^^"^ " **''*'^ ^ ««^«ral Wart will generaUn^saDDearT?^ ''^^^t'c and the instead of caustic. ^^^ ^ * ■^°®*'*' *°*d may be used feevSS!)*^Jted fo^l'Xotl"'^"^''^**^ ,^'«°«h physician (M. for ten yeaXen accustomed ^'^^f ^ '*''^ *? 1^72. tha the ffl Of the siin He dTnot sew o^J S ^'"^^^« transplantation Pieces of skin, but he covered th?Lhni "Tu" ,S™°"Jations small The cure then takes place The n^^^^ ^'^t flaps of skin, from the patient Kff or from^of h!^ °^'''-5 ""f^ '^^ *«*^«'» either bility of tr^ansplantiKsueTwhlh ZfT^""^ ^'^^"'* *^« P«««i- •temperature A t S ^it;^^ u^ ^ "*^ ^®«° subjected to a low of the common peopU of those daynhld^th »«'„?'*''''"»''' '"theignomnce anger of the Deity, and looked u^jTMacircumstTn^^^f''*'"."^ attributed to the If on« B cal ed uiion to hanHiJ «^« "Circumstance of evil omen, h^dicdof ac«nS,*dii",tto?K^^^^^ !( *"« pe.^o„ matter lias been fatally absorbcJ through the breaking M"' ° !^?-«"- Poisonous or a smiple scratch. There is a Rt^w V w '^®*'' "? of the cuticle by a loiiff nail artillery" in the heat of bat Ic sS t^f Napoleon I., when a ifeutenant of .rtmem*nanwhoh^fa!le„**Lmtl^wood'^wTrjrtir 'Hf »^"o' an ^!K?^[^^l^^^'^e &Z^^^^!^,l!^^i^^^^^y because Cm6 of the Skin. 157 freeriug mixtare composed of ice and salt Whnn ♦!,- -f Bix in r.uinber, wer« .olidly uniW Xr S.' tSf ^'""'8. P-'lf . Greased bmdMM, m place of adhesive strips are DreteraMf fl Sd SetoaTed *° ''°°"'' "''''"™' ""• «'«"ri»"io» i. favS Cutaneous grafting as sliown by higli authority : ^.ode'r ate'hSg' '" '"" '"'^ "°'"'™ 8™"»'«"°» «"»° »• wish to wiS. J^lburmlr^"'" °' "'O " '"°'"«« ^""•>" ' ^ -"iPose ulcers £jJ:^ii°[^=lfrh'rorn,:''=-rr^ ottJuwr* °' """^ '"'^'^ °°"'"' '^* ■'^'' ""'y. " tt« front Is itr^r rr ^n?i^\Ti.ii, tUdt-ftrtS It^Sr' " °°.'5'' '^'"^' '»"••■• " »■' Sth sw™ 'of i^' £|£tr::.-^zrd^^c.^^ji--isSi .^oS?:f^^=r^i{r.^ute".-hS^^i4t&pr.^^^^ 4. It the wart » hard, a tfood method is to cnt if «ff «r;*.i. » i •* or scissors, and apply a littfe causticTtl^ root" ^ '''*'' * ^°'^' o. II the wart has a narrow neck tie a Billr ti.^^.^ «- u » • S"ti^ZtJi,'^i!',lTi™jI«:>5'S^^^^^ II:. ■!!■ I- 16i HoMB AND Health. in " four ounces of oil of almonda, two ounces of Enalish honfiv «„«,.««« of an ounce of essence of bergamofc, or any otherCrfume^^^^^ r?ugh^3n"rie^^^- '- chaWa::rfC^^^^^^ h„L^^^^''"'''^'Ti^. * well-tested, excellent remedy for channed the raisms are i;^«J; Tan and Sunburn. -Ladies who have spent the summer in th« country and at the seaside, may be glad to^^know of s^SrsSnnle It IS best to bathe it with a little cold cream ; this simple and nleS wash will remove the discoloration and swelling STby maSc and leave the skin cool and smooth. To prevent tan and sunburn tek« the juice o a fresh lemon and rub it i^ thorougfiy before Sa S the open air, allow ng it to dry on the face ; at St du?tTlittia oatmeal upon the skin and next morning, aft^r wSg it off aDDlv a little cotd cream or buttermilk. Such fsimple and hfrmless St ment will be found much more effectual than the use of cosmetics" which close up the pores, and dry and roughen the finest comSeSou in a frightful way and in a short space of time. complexion Cause and Cure of Moles.— A low tone of the blood with » frS'bir-f •*"" ''^"'^ *'^^ appearanceof moles. The bes? miedJ Lew thrsWn." *'' '°^'S«'-**«'i circulation. This will cleanse anj Pimples and Sores.— Sores and pimples show tliaf +I10 Qb;„ .i«„„ not act Its noi^al part in throwing o^ff tKete miter or tSf benzoin, il of this is mces, and ites, night wiping it. mer in the tne simple exposure, d pleasant aagic, and >um, take going into ist a little oflF, apply less treat- cosmetics, )mplexiou 'd, with a it remedy »anse and skin does waste of forms of I pimples ^e break- >f nature edy ia to BatMnff and ffeabh, BATHING AND HEALTH. 165 l«5fS'*"?*°-^Pu^®^*T*™«S.-In the early ages among all the nstituS^°TK^ *^*?''*' bathing was one of thi most flourish ng Th«rnff«^V The baths were celebrated for their magnificence ter^^ed r V JS!*^ ^"a' °^ ^^^^^«' *^^ ^'"^ ^^t^"* and grandeur SsandSr,' A^i?"^*" l*^'** *°r°"«^ *<> accommodate severa that w«„ „^ r ! *• ^^^ ^f"® *""«• 1° *^^^^ baths was centered all i^arr Nofe'' ^'^^f^'kmanship, elegant in design, and beautiful du^ratioi^ Pri"^*' thought too grand or magnificent for their nah?fpr nnH /?°'*'"^ S^""^ ^nd metals, and the finest i^orks of the Clol the haf h^*''''' '"''" *?, ''" ^°""^ ^•**''" *heir walls. The great c^L th« „A ^as generally ornamented with the statues of Her- SXiusft gLTm^d^dn^ef^^'^' *'^ '""^'''^ °^ ^^^^*^' '^"'^ n„?i!3'*^* v^S^^ Ancient Bath—The chief and ever-guiding svstem Id f'h^f ^ T *" g'^« ^i^ltt and strength to the p^ysicaf ZZi^V 1 ^^"^'"aH® accomphshed warriors. The bath wis not merely for luxury or pleasure. It bore an important part of the fm Sn^"'°^ *r^ 'y^'°"i °^ *"'''-°"8h traiuiSg for the future fn modern tunes the people, during their leisure hours, patronize placed ?i TT^"* '■ J'lu*''" ^'^''"°* *™«« those hours wereCe?y devoted l^v the n«H?°i^ the gymnasia. These were very property foslered by the national authorities, as the "tribute mouey "of the neoDle was wisely made to cover their support. ^^ The Bath a Public Benefit.— A great bath in every town in the rr^'j[f.'J"'**"^'-^"' '^' P."^"'' «^Snse, and Snder^caplble and accredited supervision, would be of inestimable hygienic value to the Fe7 rourTmili'^^lI'?^'^^' ^^«^<^"S^ bathingToufdnoronVb it u I *»"?il'e8, but m business, in our legislative halls and tZt?:'ZZ'ir'''''^-* Physiologyand llygiene are subjects toreign to the great masses of our people. The rich as well as the poor are ignorant of them. They are tfiought to "e onl? fit subjects for doctors, and fortunate it is for the proffssion that they think so S^Jl^r ^r* '^*^'^' '■'T'^^ " '^^"^^d ^'^^ *he i-gnorance of th; S^lrin^fe' ^"bj^''*^-, One o the greatest hygienic influences we our«hv«LV.^^'v"P°''- *'i«P?.b«« health and the advancement of our physical condition, is cleanliness. To be poor is no diserace • to mthT L"^ '' ' '^^T "?^^ * «5"«- " ^« *"°^ the ski-n to become mthy, Its proper action is interfered with, thereby aflfecting the whSe system, and often causing dangerous disease. thf «kfn^ t^A ^*^* ^**®' Bathing. -Salt water is a stimulant to " the skm, and in many cases is to be preferred for the bath. It is. however, more exhaust ve to the system, and special care should S taken m its use by invalids that it should not be prolonged or severe Jrty.l^r*"'' " ^"T^^y experiment to be milSer thfn si wat?; artifaciaUy prepared, and to possess tonic properties superior to the Bathing at the Sea-side.— The sea-side resort for bathine has ita special advantages. The shore and beach are more likdy KliSJ ^ n 1 I > IW Hon, ASD H.UTB. "kite thB ohlorii'^ 8a»M."' '""P-'itiee are .hn'l' ''^ ""° «•« W •nd with it m™e „, j?'i>r"« «""wej" ak.*!"' *" " 'S Under thi. iaUulaLllT '''«'" stimulaoiT ^.^'f" « moreo,yg.„ ««M' "»« aot aeed « Mien. f '"' " i» the BhouIdeTer allow 1^^'*"'* should face T'''' '^^^'^ht Thai very temporajy jf"*^«*« "«ver „. To^be bA *''°"«^ «old ia ofteu the nose I Zol\ZTJ'^^!' ^now how to fc.*' *".. it m« - veryl^'^'poJS;^' '"^-s "«-- i-" t7« *'^°"«h cold iH; ^u the nose ^a thTchijS" ° °? ^'>°^ ^o^ to fcthf *'!j !' '»«»t be open and a yell. yoTZ'v jff '""^u *° t'^^ ««* wUh tS'* ^°'"8«' 'h»t shorn lamb to which A- ^ ^^^ ** hoarse a* th^i ^® ™»"th wide very briefly, you wSl i?"^"*^ ^'^1 not bTtamt ^^^^' »«d be the fi«t the i^pne^'otfiT'y°'''''^ftr^^ B«t, if only' clothing ready tolliiuat?^'"'!!"* "^ «veninT anTf '^ *^'' «void a* toavoilcon&gendi; a?/f*°«««oftem^*;at„"re if-" '^'^^^g*" ^ Peril at CrowS^ .«'* *fa« ^"il vrgor of th! °°* ^'®««it arisen at some Jf the ll ^^?rSide Eesorta / °***'» ^^^'" ofbathera. Thia daaJerTi''^" ^°«*^''^'^^^^^^^ danger has which gather there Jf 5 il*" ^?'"« '^om the lari ^*'*^ convenience buildinga. the lack ;>f'^*''l ^^^^^ «>^f «* of r^den ""^^ °^ People the conaeouent befoulS ff^u"**?' *»d of wife !f *" *r<^ <>ther visits of the bathftrl -k .*.°^ t^« •«>. WU J*l^^ removal, and of to breathe, eren fo^a'S ** °' '*'*' dSjtTo?" i*f ««' «-"*?. the of • ««'wdedpop«la^U'«^^^ •tmo.phere Ated b^r*" "^''''^ . Season for Sea Raffc-^*^®"*^*^efi«encvrf^?:? **•«•«*» ^'' *'' ""^^« ?^ Junta S?i« tow'ns wliere the B streaiua in tha rf.¥«tation, and 'ilibrmm which 't'on and decay, [t there." That wys another. '^ which repre! coiicootrated a 'ho sea we may wii.h sea-aide the sea-shore ^"■oly absent, especial tonio 5 m an actual more oxygon •air contains.' '^^^vity, and •™«d- Then "lake up for this ''is the i has a real .air of the •» one soon That does or that he W IS often It must be forget that Jouth wide ^d be the 't. if only f avoid at han^ges of t difficult «anlife.» ^8^r has ivenience >f people ^d other . and of ists, the m afford exereta rainage. itea the I BatUng and BeaUk I6f ffir T^f'thA Sfi S?"^** th« WMon is shorter, and farther Math H.« i i * middle States, if there are no indications of unhealth- six^eks late? ' ''^**^'^ ""^ ^® '^^'''^ extended from four to «.?"**i®° °,'*,**® '^^^ Bath—On this head much ignorance pre- vaUs and mucl. damage to health and needless delays fn the cure of d sease are caused by such ignorance. Very many persons, especially of the younger class, stay in the water until they are tired, md are sJbsenuIKJ*-"* Z^*'^ '^""'^ P'^y *»»« ^^ '«' their ra;hno8» [n n3« n /T"S from some one or more of the foUowioK disorders, S^lAi te «^«Ple««ne8s loss of appetite, rheumatic pains o?^^J«Ll ^Jj'*" '" ^^T ^.^*h * '^^^'^^^^ «*»««*. earache, fullnes; of the head, giddmess, and various spasmodic affections. From the f?^ ?"'^ """^ disturbed digestion, manifested by pains of the stomach, nausea, and diarrhoea. ' ^ f»?S!?rf«H?V***^°° °^ SeaBatlling.-The allowable range is imrnoS 1 ' '"^ oommon practice, ft ought to be from a single Sr w • P^*''^*' °' 'i'P' *° * ^^''^ *>f » 1"a*tcr «f an hour's du?a. N-!;« " ^'^ i"^'^ i? * ™°" particukr manner to invalids. Jlr«- n''".!?'"'^"* ?^'°*^'* ^'*^ ^'^**««' »°d depressed by other causes, ought not to take more than one or two, or, at the most three immersions Children of a tender age, aAd of a Ivmphatio ZS''JA'*?I,'*'°"^^°f "T"^?."«^^ '° thVwater than frZo e f^o^ ;i? **''®^ minutes. Er ! ■**» li "WW token before a meal «„ i Wore brea" :; t ^O'PPa'-ativHy W V""'""'"'? '^our is Drefpi i exercises forb.V?! Vl -*"<' ^ast. GiP-,f „ ■ ^" ^^^ ^Jmbs will L Helpful Anl ^'"'°^ J^^'-^ey. ^ '"•'"ecJiately SI. . Avoid Exposure -a -^ 1 ""^ "^^^^^ ^^ the C^ ^'^t^^da the 'ng undressed on f^^-^^*'''* chilling th^ K.^ \ "^- Benefit of a "Tmir i » ""^'^ be Sn'e^^«^: r,,." '<'"; ^^» s^ ? °'«^z' ! c'loose the time ;7g with a rolJ-- *akon, an evening ^«« 't i3 found ?? ^°^s in the United •-ikfast, certainly «tobt,3^i^^^^^^ n. and reach the '^ of tho bed, or fo. persons who ? 's moist with "J""ou8. The I'l follow in the Y*er fatiguinjf It as the fresh mediately into In most cases < 'tl If followed air at such a *'"!'i by the extends the 'ng or stand. : been in the ® tne water '•o"gb. The ng- Every >!^ ^ Hmlw. the same i£mn«^' Th«t"^t*'' *nd other baT^at*^''^" *^« ^ath S than the hLman'tdv*!T'**"'-«' '« » b^t'Stnd. *'/* -ys^m S^ through the water ;^i lL«°°« *h« diCion of th«'*?' ^^''^««t"C'?y fiea and insures Sio"**^.* «^hoIe periphe^ «"XTent influence thus conditfonT-*'" *■««»'*«• MovLvlr i^^^' 'ntensi. dissolved in the wSran;j'V'°™°t'n«tKC,fn^^^^ *''«''» its to facilitate the elim! ' f"** **« Poiver " thrnn f P^'°° ^^ medicines stances. andtofurt&*'°V''°« the body ^^^^^^ *ffin V of cases are related in^^ «bsorption of morbid 7**"^. ""^tallic sufc category of diseies^^J "T^*"' <>' the theoi-^J'*'-" ^'»"»ber ;erinff h«* „-_ j , *'»" m the erfiot.v,^ .* .^Y^t'y Wtrodur?*./* ^-Tr^ a remedy for rheutatK''"*' '°' "^'nin^ na nf i-k- • ., "^"'"ausm. ranon* " the Continent— consiu'Sf, i^*!" '" '-'onaon— recenfi^"j"'i. '"f^peutioal 'Btering hot sand bath- ^^ "®«tion of eVSfi? ""troduced fr^ nervous disorders «ff. ?•' * '^'n^-^y for rheumo* ?'''"^°ts for admi^ ^eat is needed M4«u'?'i*'"« of the kidn/Jt **'r' '«««nt caaS of 'n behalf of thfa,?«!fr ^»-«"»edial agent ^Th»*°^ *" ewes whe^e respiration, Se SA^l**^ t^eatment^aJe thii •tl7'"***««« o£ed does not interfere w^K**"!:**^' ^ath, but rathi* *^°'' "°t suppress others, there is ..nK„*!' ^"O has t"« loCa U.^. which are?o.aeu3STr„rra<,Srwlj'^;S"r^ W1««J!" ■»"" "»"''' ■>»' t' t&eu I»i ,h.„ ,hr« hours rite » f. ti^^ »"" *^' "J- •»« >»«. whoa i„ a .,,,0 Of ohUlin.™ or b.thiM.'""'""' "^ '"•^'"- "«' «■• ie^l wiih 0001 w.te boforo 8. Local baths, as hip foot pI. ^ 1? *l®'?'^® ^^^^'^S *he meal, light and two hours a& a fuU meal ^^ ^ **^'° *° '^^^ ^^'^^ » la K ribtreL'^:^^^^^^^^^ -d after bathing, cover n» in bed for af CVti' Sfc' *° *''"""^»' ^^^^ -^oufd made onVhe B.'°^^' '^ ™^« «' *»>« "hower or douche, should be fe|iopom: cofi' '° °°' «^* '° * ^^--^^t of cold air, nor aUow the ^^^-^'^4!l!Ltllgelt'oi^ ^ in all cases of great 74*'^ »nd plunge baths. "''* *^® circulation, as shower, bath: Vr^^Ttki^tii^C^^^^^^ any for. or kind of statue of fatigue. ^ °" " "^^^ disturbed, nor the patient in a -jUoooaoiotf,,:--^^^^^^ 19. Patients should never tak« « u.,u „ .., , -L^.rt!1f^^*o •.«et.up roHotipi";; IhfbeZV^Iiltr^ ^U i !i- ) nmtn of « milder tempfratwe.' 162f Home and Hbaith. . 22 The tempfrie of tKft^'^"^ °^ ^'^'^^'tT '°''^'^ '^^ fF-i I'! 1 t Sle Iff *'"^^'* ^^^ HEALTH. 8uffe?tpe?dy Sfe~^^$?P i« a necessity. 'witho,,f if »h8 next day'a S S,.'"''^;,"'"'' >>« ba It UD and .{7 '^'S'"''' "d It will build urian^^""' peevishness, uneasiness^ 7tL^? "'""^ *» c"re help cure sorrovr. ^ " '^'" ^«^P C"re a broken sSt It n How We Go to Sleen -Thn , • twm the external worhl^h ,f • °f""°^ « Carrier between *h °l''S'>*' " removed by the suL. ^"^^«Pe»dentIy of eSl ?f *> '"«*»«» and the first sTnse whn^ ""?' °'' °°"'d "ot be closed 1 v A: *''^i'.^'ad been hare, do nS sh^f ?, ' • ^"°'*'°" ^^ ^^^olished Son! '^•'' *^'« "still ^T for alJ bathinff IS ninety degrees, evidence that the r be succeeded by d always be com- 8 the temperature Position Sle^ and ffealth. !63 lout it we would '«»• every move. >ur minds, every ^ount of nervous Jken cells can be by physical and lengthened for Jght, while the scles are all re- J up carried on. '■ys been louder > but it is often • Of two men est will be the [> much to cure 1 cure insanity, nl do much to nervous dys- I felt by con- the headache, pirit. ItwiU the arms and in the body in [at of sight is «e retina and hey had been ?e, this is still 'mala, as the ' of somnar. . lit is temper. fJng follows, 'onyersely, a part of the tatftieiit ?h. t^„i! prolonged recumbency i, . necosaary without iniurv vet if- i« ^ aL„ u\"?S"L*°** '^'«®P sound y the blood pSs from the heartTtZ\'^*. ^^^'^^^ ^^ which their cavitieewhen the wTL r ^ ^l^'i fT® a^^^ays lessened in therefore, in 111 dise^se^ifl 7*1"^ -?u^^^ ^''S^^^ ^^'^'' *»»« body ; prettynekriyonalevr^th tS^ with lever the head should be fhemLves tVsl^p IhlrinVavrdli^g:^^ ^"^^^ °"^'* '' *^^"«*-» .wTaSfyS^*hX^ftff,?ide W^^^^ is not best to sionally on either 8Lenot^lw«v.! lu^ alternate, and sleep occa- left, but on both The IjJ «t?« •" w* "«^*' "O'' always on the ,ua%tp1t W°liSf',.'« » <>»S SWe.-Th. arffer on one siflp V' 7 P"y^'°'ans, Why is my head lop-s ded or one^Jde" Young LthersTr^ a^^^^^^^^^^ V-,."^*^^ 'ving on position whon p^tSng it to bed^a,i5 fh« ^*^', ? -'^ "^'T^^^^ '" ^^°« the brain grows moSntle S'e?"^e and Sn-^^"^ ''^' *"'* *^'"' nently this irregular and i L^i„ «u ' r , ^.^^ assumes perma- thebLelsarecdd coni?nrp/„J^^^^^ In cholera times, or when breast, and thus^k^'Sfb^owds warn ''*'''^' '* " ^«"*^ ^- - '^^ J^txa^ ?&o^uWSp-ntiii^^^^^^^^^^^ !?^.fT some persons need much more than^others T^he aZS individual ; JeSlK?3tfu?cLfu?fJ^^^^^^^^^ o; the .ork thaJ^f they1o\"%^^%rrtK;tt%r ^^el^^^^ 104 i. ilE Am HSALffH. § M''\ m- i»l iii ii 1' behew lo the eigbt-hour law, |^t nevflrthe'ew ore inclined to think that, as a general rule, we work too many hours on thTform tS bv'thTr^''" "^^t*^ to dig ditches sel/om -orked wherdigS wood b^thrnn'r? V'°' '^""^ * *^*y' ^"^ '* » «<> ^^ «hoS fewest hou™ Th.ihrfn'"'!? Tk''? ^^o^plish the most work thi lowest hours. Tliey brmg all their brain and muscle into exerciaa and make every blow tell. A slow, plodding Dutchr^i may turn^ grindstone or a fanning-miU better than anenergetrySee but this kiQd of work IS now mosth ^one by horse-TOwer and thn f!*...S^! mu'ci: nZ"^' f V"^' ""T^' f''^'^^^ C5er<3*min'dTnd muscle light and active, and under complete control. Much of ^i'si^r^i^^^^isr"""' *"* ^ * -^« -«^ -- -^ aiMf cSt^rbr^a^iTp srseVcj^riit ^tuJ: wake them up; she will not do it prematu^hrrSfv^acLe tS they go to bed at an early hour ; let it be earlierrd Ser^ntSlJ IS found that they wake up themselves in fuU^i^rto Sr^" Ij nf^n^"'*; ^^*»°gr''^^."P «arly and allowed to eZc^rin^tfficJ'^J or any studies Tate, and just before retiring, has gif : .nv * beautiful and promising child brain fever, of determined ordTnarJ ailments to the production of water on t'.; brain. iSant^cS sleep too long, and it is a favorable syniptom whentiieyeSvi ''*'^"\K*'''^^^°°^-^r*'°"«^ "«*• They should "ever brJwaSed and thus deprived of the greatest support nature hw given tiiem. * mi?nfJhf^°'K" C?' Sleeping,-SIeep obtained two hours before midnight, when the negative forces are in opera^•on; is thrrest which most recuperates the system, giving bSghtnesi to the «v« and a glow to the cheek. The differSnce In the apTeawnce o7a person who habitually retires at ten o'clock and thatSFone who -itl up until twelve, is ouite remarkable. The tone of the sySem S evident ,n the coaipjexion, the clearness and sparkle of thJ ey^ ^nd the softness of the Unes of the features, is, £ a l«raon ofTe'aS ^Ir Vu^ck, and thereby obtaining the "beauty sleep" of tha * When a boy c and the old nonsense < aS?^SS:n»S?J.^rett^S^^^^ of sleeptni, when he slept and working when he worked Hil f atnr i^ ?^^. nf "* he Bluot soundiy. and when he arrived atiri'sdistinationw^'MfrMh^Th^^^^^^^^ Sleep and Health, 165 lined %o think le farm. Tha when digging in chopping ost work the into exercise in may turn a Yankee, but nd the farmer of mind and I. Much, of 3h men need larly not to 9; let nature ve a care that iriier, until it to dress for re in f'^fficult > - i>.Any a aeJ ordinary iants cannot they enjoy a 3 awakeued, ven them. lours before is the rest 1 to the eye iarance of a >ne who sita 3 system, so ;he eye, and X of health, lours beford Bep " of th« >f the skin, I it fresh in iguishes the r hours' sleep, !iii, and seven as enab'.eil, ia iii^ soundly-, ite travelllMg whcrt dosluiig^ lid can-; hiin, I) as if he hod J, have plenty y lUTciiius : v;ru tu ucu by nine o'clock and sleep till six or seven, po not sit up till ten or eleven and rise at five, for if you do, no dieting ^r exercise can supply the waste of the system." 166 ^OME AND Health II Lack of Sleer Oauses Leanness.-Dr. Dio Lewis puta the following suggestive incident on record : ^ A very thin young lady of about twenty years, with a friend, came to consult me about her '« sliin and hoiuJ." I had freauentlv S her when she seemed even more emacivted, but Lw2he* would •' Don't you think, doctor, that 1 look very old for twenty ?" I admitted that she looked rather old for twenty ''''^^^^^ Can anything be done forme? What can I do? I would hf rio^l^d *n ?^' */""'^'"'? ?°"H«^ the worst stuff in tWorld I could only get some fat on these bones. A. friend of nnne he" Slndpffp^"*"'^^*'** '^"^"^'^ givoafortun. to s^i m" !! ? j*^ *^* 'saters are very bad to .irink," I said. "i.I V'^'^ ^"'l ^'^^ *'"-^ *^« 5 ^ k°o^ I can drink them." X^;^S:^chT-eSS^^ -^ ^'^ - - becoi^^SSa^ iot';rsoSe'bSi:^stuT' '^''^^''^' *" ^^^^ ^* ^ ^^^ ^ -pp- >* « » ;; Yes It is a pretty bittor do3e, and has to be taken every night " it ? \t"aJ ^ Lret t^P '' " '' -- '-- « bad- ^WhA «' ?vi® *«°^»|°al n*me of the stuff is Bedibus Nineo'clockibus " ' Why, doctor, wliat an awful name ! I am sure I wUlTever be a!, e to speak It Is there no common English word forit ?" at j;:^:io^'^'''^'' '"' '' •«• • ^- --* '^^ - bed eVery night •'?t if * yL^ ml^t"VU^ thought it was «>mething I could take." strikes nine " your bed every night before the clock in a boUet raK" *'°"^'* "" *'^* ^^^ "^^^ «'- -« --thing with^alf of you.^"^"""^ ''''^ "^'^ '"*'** ^^^ *^°"«bt. That's the wny r.S«! ?.^ K°5 eats enormously of rich food till his stomach and livei .ntt"tate\ti^:tk^^^^^^ ^"^« -^' "^' <»-*-. -bat can I SfklTI Another fills his system with tobacco until his nerves are ruined whatt^lfirke;"^ r^ >"°' horro^, he exclaims, ""! doctor.' I suppose my patient is not a classical scholar, as I -am sure ny reader is and so I translate it fo» him into T^nili^h T. ,!"![! mt ac once, '• 0, doctor, I thought you would givemVsomething to i Sleep and Bealth, Lewis puis the ih a friend, came I frequently met low she "would rout of me, she r twenty ?" [> ? I would b* in titrt world i! ind 01 ,'isJae (hei rtuLi. to see mo in Arltrtnaas f ink them." > the Arkansas lot necessary to )me reasonably suppose it is a a every night. " bad. What is •iloclabua. " [ will never be or it ?" ed every night Icouldto^e." fore the clock me something ["hat's the way nach and livei can I take ? 1 'es are ruined, , "0, doctor, him — Quitibua as I -am sure Slrl- TT«* ttvt\4%e% ) something to 167 '* Tiut, d I'Sor, you are entirely—" tim^:;;!ugotoK''"^''^"*'^"' *'^"- ^"* *«" «»«' what !! generally about twelve o'clock." " «5v ^^\l *^^"g*?* "o-, Now, if you will go to bed every nieht f^r h^K^r *^' at mne o'clock, without making any change n vow habts, y.u unl gam ten pounds in weight an^ look^five vCa ^wSiull^P' ^^ ^'" ^^^^'"^ ^-«'^' -d you? Spirits lmp?o"e" It is regularity that does the business. To sit up till 12 o'clorfc three P'ghts in the week, and then get to bed at 9 o"ch,ck four niS r..rfaVs'"«lr"''/doTrft.^"'' *'^* at^tylr^ft wtt ue BO lar so good. I don't think this every other nicht earlv anrl every other night late, is much better than every night late It^s rfegulanty that is vital in the case. Even sitting up one nS in th! week deranges the nervous system for the whofe week^ I hJve sometimes tHought that those people who sit up till uS 12 o'clock every night get on quite as well as those who turn n ear^y six night and then sit up once a week till midnight. ^ ^ Kegularity in sleep is every bit as important as regularity in food At length my patient exclaimed, "Doctor, I will go to bed even; night for SIX months before nine o'clock if it kills mf or r«^K«t^l »^ breaks the hearts of all my friends.'' ' ^' "^ '* . JJ'f ^'^ \ Twenty-one pounds was the gain in five months Her spirits were happily enlivened, and she spent half her time in telling her friends of her delight with the new habit She ImTnofurthef cause to complain of skin and bones, and she had tL sS S^^^^ fication of appealing more attractive in the eyes of her iSver. ^ ,1n?i®f P^®^.^^®^?":^?^ *0 Prevent it-Sleep is a powerful anti- l£h K* T# ^''* °^ ^''^^''"^ ailments. Sleeplessnesris an ^vil which should be removed without delay. The fSuowine are amS J'm^^'f '-It' :'^''^' i^ «^««^^^'J' will usually brkTreKoThosf afflicted with chronic sleeplessness ; ^ 1. A good clean bed. tion. ^'"®'^'''' ^^^'^^^^ *o produce weariness, and pleasant occupa- 3. Good air and not too warm a room. 4. freedom from too much care. 5. A clear stomach. 6. A clear conscience. 7. Av^idaBoe of stinxulaats aod lUtfootiosi f.i ill » •^■:^i m Home and Sealth. ! I; tro?bW^r^,Ie?res^aJ?'t ?t-iTNervous persons, who ar. tendency of bloXthXafnwfth^^^^^^ "'".""^ have a strong of blood on the brain keeM^ri*it?^lf,^^*5*'"'*'«^- The press ur? the nulsations in the hS^re often Sful rV'^'f"' '"'''' ""'^ the following suggestions which !r«^n«iii' a t '"^'^ P^"°"8 "«*« Rise and chaff^the SV a^d e/t'eS^^^^^^^^^ •' rub smartly wiih the hamloT. ^" , ^ ^ ," * '^^^^ ^owd, or the excessive amount of bbodfrJmThTbraTn"'^^^^^^^ ""^ ""''^^^^^ in a few minutes. ^® ^"'"' *^<* ^^^^P will follow wal A?oVu^V.C|2^^^^^ - ? «-d ->>. or rapid b^e retiring ^^^ X%^^i-^£S^ ^^ ^^;^ tot^'l^lCj'^l'^Ai]:'^^^^ *^^ neck nressing it up over so as to prevent the too ^aSeSala^^^^^^ ilH^'i ^^' *°^«1 and charming, cooling the brain an H^n^.f- , ®^®*'* ^ prompt than any narcotic. \1^aJ^ waSr may be ^e^, 'l':!''\'^^*«'- ^^^ will prefer it cold. To those suff^f/^*!.' *^°"Sh n-ost persons brain, whether the result of braS^i^f;™,^^^''-*?'^'*^^^^^ tie simple remedy is an es^JecLl boon *^"'""« *'"''''*^' '^'« onfsu&irbrTn'g^eLr^^^^ *»»« -nd on a d^terprTos^jL^'il^rir'r'^l^^^ demonstrating algebraical 5robSm has oft?n2d^S^ an arithmetical of coJS't^^ ^^BreS dt^ly^afdtwt ;;X^;^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ of and witl every respiratfoLount ot^ wo three°L''™f l"^ 'f""^ dred. Some persona will be asleen h«w ♦! ' ' "P> a * « i- manner. Others will count tn tit f "^ l^^^ *'<'"°* ^% »" this themselves and clase count ng In sucfa'ci^i'.*^/"'* *'*'" ^^'•«^<' t\rsetrawal:7.^:rs=fth!h^-- e:^;liood^--- - - ^^^^^^^ wa" ; uSThffS'* iTthrSotir.' vf' f-^y. ^^« ^^^'^^ °^ — . warmjbath. but not ^fVe^as^S fTe^S Sllb^STt^feV^^^-^^ ^^ hefrJ t?SJ^-* b'sterf?;^^^^^^^ - o.en a^d'lt^Kul^L«r:a^„^1i^^ them The best thL^oneTan d7is to?ake cte"^5f' Vtt^ Iwur before retiring. Devotions being ended som/t hint ^""fi done to quiet the strings of the harn which ntLi^^,!"^^ ^^ to vibrato. I^imecom'mend to%oKhT.':t^'tS T^"i^^ «" i«ani«d irom i;r. Watts, who wys that k hi* '\>^yi^^i;tSZ ^leep and Heattk M9 max'?: ^reajTmcUi-n ofU^htTc^JP ^!^ ^'^^^ ^«' » will be vexeci^ if not driven awTvff the continuity, or sleep it i8 to turnover the 2^4 of ^nvM?n"J'^''p'K^^^^ passage here, a passage tSe! bIckwarKf J' ''''•, *'*S/'*''^S on a and without allowintrmv i.,^ ,1 f^ 7 I "'^ forward without plan. tlie moment it cer8es\oTtrest me t.lT ^"i^'.^^^y^'S -"Y Jlaco becomes a divine blessing of peaci '^hI „• ."k^u'"^ ?« '"""^^ ^^teu Slumber at Win ti f i^ • ^*''*'*^ ^" ''^^"^^^ sleep. ■ '. of Sl™®Jr, thyirtTf Pr ^'^"^^'"^ " g'ven in " Blina's Anatomy Blinn's system is for thTpatfenTt^. tv .^''^P"'>P'Pai feature of breathing. "He must depict to hhnself IL^f^n"*'^" """ ^^« «^» passing from his nostrils in a contlnnnfi ** ^^ ««^ t^e breatli that he brings his mind S conTe ve tZ anJS'r'^ *H? '''y '"^^^^'^ consciousness and memorv dpn^^ • ' ^P^'^t /rom all other ideas, becomes dormant. thZStWued : tir^'^**'?"] «'"™^«". f^n'^y susceptibility, the viS^^ or alaH^ ' *^®f«nt'ent faculties lose thoiV and h^e no lo^ wak^l buTsltps '' '^'''"' "^'"'"^^ sovereignty^' Hec?.^?n?B'y«Vhye^lSrtnVU^^^^^ ^« ^«-«-^ - «-t suffic eat to counLbalancra rttgood resul°t^"''''i^'^ '^^"'^- '"' '^''" mg sleep m this wav. witlmnf- ""fSoo*! results. The habit of seek- deprecafed. The do^'e mu t be constluv "^ * ^^r^'^ ^' ^ ^- effect, and thus great inSrv mav h« ^ 'nci-eased to produce the laudanum or morpline is Tsed T/JrV'^*^' ^^^«"' *«"' '"'here a terrible and fatal bondai ' F.nf T "'^copfciously comes into dosed with cordials asTs tifo coS n ?n ^-f ''^"^'^ ^"^^"*« ""ver be done to helpless chikhood brtrrgrortSj^^^^^^^^ 'J^^- ^l-™-^e mg-syrups is frightful to coutemplf te ' "'^ "^ '''^*^^- Ke;Myd^rV?L'^^^^^^^^^^^ told m. says ^^chTde LYad^S Pcfcr^f ^ ^^ any occasion led him to hirhp ? ll ' ull '"^ ^^^ ^0"»s^ of the day Inni shudder at tKea of t£ tSed a ^^ ''"^^ '^^ !"^ ''«'* ™-i« to pass upon it. wretched and restless hours he had mind might be^Ta^l^fw^ oHit^^^^ lafluences of one absorbing thought *' ^^*^'^ ^*^'"ig tohirs^rthttiirferarote\'^^^^^ selected for meditatiS. nSL ^oTd 1?!''.°^^ «""P'«- ^^^ to be tiie thought of God. He resofvfiH V08e so well as II t ¥' 170 HOMK AND HbAITH. Ii/| I I* i SSi TK *" *®P' ?'«^* ^[^l '^'S" *»« "««'*«^ *o *he same expo, client. The process became delichtful ; so much so, that he used-o lonR for the usual hour for retiring, that he might fall asleep, as he termed .t. m God • What begau as , , :„., **" ,1 operation grew by imperceptible degrees into a Krr...Km,^ .rlf, • ...^, Irhe same Uod who was his repose by night wr ,n aii h' . thoughts by day, and at the time this person spoke to in,,, rjou, ;•« revealed in the Gospel of Ins Son, was ''all hia Halvatiou aad all I ^ desire. " So various are the Kshe^d '■ """''^''**^'® ^^'^ ^'^y^ ^y ^'"*^^ ^oti caa "fotoh home Sleepily? Hints.— Sleep is tlie beg* known form of rest, and vet It 18 only partial, for scarcely any part of the body i"" -.v, „.n /„«: rest. The heart beats, the blood courses, the lu^gs an^ skin are ACvlV6« In sleep the volume of blood in the brain is diminished. Remedies which diminish the au^ount of blood iu the braiu (as bromide of potassium) are promotive of sleep. Sleep is a good the. . lometer of health. Whatever improves tlio •leep of an invalid be iters his condition. wiU succei? ^^^ '°""*^ ^^^^' ^^*'' ^ ^^ ** *"'^ persevere, and you Wash the body before sleeping, especially after a day of dust or Exhalations through the skin are more abundant while asleeo than when awano ; therefore the bed should be well aired before it 18 made up. w*o iw In youth more sleep is needed than in old age, v-hen nature makes few permanent repairs, and is content with temporary expedients. In general, one should sleep until he naturally wakes. I have nothin,^ to say abcat feather beds." says a recent writer. • None of our family like tliem ; but I would wUlingly provide one for an elderly person to whom haljit had made it seem a necessity. » Short Sleepers.— Lord Brougham, and many other great states- men and lawyers, contented themselves with ■^. remafkably small quantity of sleep. Frederick the Great only ■ !rpt five hours out of every twenty.four; John Hunter, five hours ; General Elliot, the hero of Gibraltar four hours; the Duke of Wellington, i some of his campaigns, less than four hours ; . sley, \ hours The brevity of their sleep did not prevent their nujoyment- of good liealth, nor their living to a good old age. Living Without Sleep.— Five youn : nen in Berlin lately made an agreement, for 4 wager, to see who >£ ti.em could keci awake for a whole week. They all held out for aboat five days and a half by dnnkang largely of strong cofleo, and keeping up a constavd round ot active exercises and exciting amusements. At the i of that time two of them yielded to drowsiness ; a thirn soon fell asleeo while riding, tumbled from his saddle, and broke irm • a fourth was attacked by severe sickness, and oom.pelled M *rom the Ji»t; the fifth held out te the end, but lost twe; -fivi ounds"'of Sleep and Ueallh. j-,j V?Itair« S^» «-i!lL7xperimen?W' ^'"^''"'^'^ *h« Gi-^-t and Uut of strong ooffea. but tCrd n'oil "'« T **] *^« «^« stimn- for more than fonr d»y« "T r-5 ^ »** "* '^"^'og away sleen weeka without wakinuMdth« „?^'^'^°0'»-Tyne, slept JourteTn to complete ^' ""^ "'^ ^^'""S Proceas occupied thr^d^yj '^-^fpy^t'^^^^ slept for fcfty when sh.*wa, about ttentv.nH'l!^*'«''*^° years ofUe «leep, from Eaater Sunday TJS^^'tm t, ^""i ""'t'^Y « whole ywS'i J')ng Bleep (which phveician- V^fi, ', '"°*'' ^S63. Duriu/lSi. inilVand soup. one??C w'Lth l'""-' ""™^> "^° ^'^ ^ with opening into lier mouth ^^'^ ^^'"« extracted to obtain an the first day of the next tenn wh^l w '"^^'Pf ' ^^ otherwise. ?ft fifteen nights. The causes of h " th^,« „f '^*' ^'^'' '""^teen dayes and tho' the same were dilifientl L it..! ^^^P'^' *-'ould not be knowue •nd other learned :.-n fyea the ki, "^i ■"' H^ *^« ''''^^'s physicTax^s Y'^lev, who was in 11 i^fnVfo„nH ^f /™'^V*«™i"ed ye S W slept but one night." ^ *" ^""""^ ** ^^« «aki«g to be as S had diKoel o?JjH«*^^,„WiicIl ?-~0n this question there are wida bods. The diCS bet 'iTth' "'^ •'•^"r« ««^*. ««d o^t on . soft bed presses on la'er surL'";.''^'^* *^'« ^«'«ht of a b^ cor««quently Siore comfort ^fn'r H '", W * ^^^^^ ^ed. Sj «7^ to littl* children, and p" ^ JJ"*"*^ ^^^^ »to«ld never be contribute to health by hardenL . A T^°/°PPO»« *h*t such beds '"l'"'-«Jy inefror. Emin nrpEfsi^l^Sf ^^ the const, tution! -concur in this opinion, and stateTh?*^'^!^ I'^f* """^ *«» Kughwd ujunpus to the .hupe of inf^^S Ri^S"** ^« ^»^« often pfovSJ offspnug ..ththe softest matX th^L'^' ««? animala cov« thS « Jft bed. for them ; and thrSn^*?M ^<^^tain, and also make l>e ng unwholesome. But if ht^t ^' * ^ " not evidence of ita airings and frequent b^tin^t^Xthe? itT*. "^^ '^^ ^^^ ^Uy •urt y mjunons to health. wnetner it ig hard or soft-it is -af^cf^SJ^^|^^;Room3.m^^^ Ther^isanold than in a moderately warm n„. n- ^"t*^'' *« "^^^P in a cold room I? • .•l«eP'ng-room fu?„;?:r;K.^!T«? «?9d v.ntLion. '.^d .T^ 5n« cniiimess of dressinffandTnH^™!' .'^'^^"ny- There is no cain in «.-"«. .iu^ ■'"Hhe fur. l"t"^;« - -.^^.--^^nf^^^^ ! i' ,'5 ■'IK ;!3 172 TTOME AVD HbaLTH. Cold bed-ohambera alwflys imperil health, and invite fatal digeaaM. Liobiut porsons mav safely sleep in a temperature of forty or under. !)Ut the old, the infantile, and the frail, should never sleep in a room where the atmosphere is much under fifty degrees Fahrenheit. Thorough Ventilation of Sleeping-Rooms. -All persons spend more time in thwr Bleeping-roomn thin in any other room in the house. As a rule about one-third of human life is thus Bpent The .^leeping-roora. therefore, should be the ^ st aired, the most com- fortable, and in all other respects the moat healthful room Ample ventilation is needed at all hours ; but especial attention should be paid to ventilation during sleep. There is no danger in having a sleeping apartment well ventilated, provided one sleeps warm beina well protected by an abundance of blankets. Time Required for Airing the Beds—The desire of an ener- getic housekeeper to have her work done at an early hour in the morning, causes her to leave one of the most important items of neatness undone. The most effectual purifying of bed and bed- clothes cannot take place if the proper time is not allowed for the free circulation of pure air to remove all human imnurities which have collected during the hours of slumber. At least two or three hours should be allowed for tho complete removal of atoms of insen- sible perspiration which are absorbed by the bed. Every day this airing should be done; and occasionally bedding constantly used should be carried into the open air, and when practicable, left ex- posed to the sun and wind for half a day. Dreaming and Somnambulism— Those cases in which the brain is hard at work during sleep instead of being totally oblivious of everything, may be called dreaming or somnambulism; accordine to the mode in which the activity displays itself. Manv of them ari full of interest, ^ome nien have done really hard mental work while •sleep. Coudorcet finished a train of calculations in his sleep which Ik- ?!^° i-P"!-^^'^ 5™ ?V,""S *''°. '^*y- J" 1756 a collegian noticed the peculiarities of a fellow-student who was rather Itupid than otherwise dunng his waking hours, but who got throngh some ^^mt'^si'LrS'X"'*'''" """"'""'»• ^°"'^" The Cause of Nightmare.— Nightmare is caused by remaining ■0 long in one position that the blood ceases to circulate How hard we try to run in our sleep, sometime,, to get out of the way of some terrible danger J It does such a person no good to ask what's the matter. Don t waste time in asking a question, but give relief to the sleeper by o« tmtaijUineo^issfinke, or even a /ouch of the body, which breaks the dreadful spell in an instant, because it set* the blood going toward the heart. Scoring, and How to Stap It— Not long since, John A Wveth M.D.. described n the Pojmlar Science Mont/dy* a novel invention for stopping BDoring. We give the description in his own word, :- 8Uep and Health. ]»• tiownwardtiuough the central line. Through the only two channels in which the air trav- fl'^ in pome \<^ the Jnngs, via., through theiioBeaiid mouth, uic uiawu two arrowa, a and b. Inesetwopassagea Q unite in a common cavity at /, and from that point there is but one tube leading to the Jungs. ■At c is a bone called the hard palatcy/Wich forms the roof of the noir of the nose, senaratina f lioBi* ♦».« • i. mouth and the At the inner or ^oKor end of ?h7. "'■■''h*""^!' ^om each other called the soft ^Sem^deofJ^^ti^I'^' a' '' '^?° * 'i"J« ^^Y.d, Bkin. This/o/< „a/«;«ratt.ll^ ?^ ^overed with a delWe theotherendhan^gsTosrandll''^^^^ the /,arrfpo/a?c; •omething like a window cnrl^K *"" "'"^PV" *^« *°t«f breathing »ir.. Thif is its condron whi ; ZeZT'^ "P**" ''^^ «* <'"'^«"t of " during sleep it lacks in ZSbercrm.!^'*^^ or awake, though than when ^we areawakri?'.t"r?p^eL\^^^^^^^^^^ the^?:;e;Vnd'^;nhTs"crd^tio7fhe^r''^ "°"*'^ «P-' — " " passing in and out together dun"nf the If.'^^f"** f- »'«•' « *°d *. Sttle curtain, d, between hem fndJh'ow ft ttT^'^f'^ '^^'^ *»»>• l^^T'''^'^' -- - ^- -tenSe' I'ndTotot. 'rha?;f ^li during -itr Awat"?fters: ifcteTre^V^ accomplished by taf ing aVcible breath i??, VlZt \i *^* *^""^ «nd fing«^ result may be accomDliahed wifi *^ f..*^ ""O*"®' »nd the same :l* 174 HoMK AND Health. i i «>,?jSL^f"*? ^ ''^°'^? ^^^^ natural condition during ulumber) but oto« current of air wiU pass to and from the lunge. This Sent K thV,^/?lX^"^ "r"^ "I'^^'I^^ '^« ^^•^•l iBdicaid at a will presa the aoft palate, rf forward and downward until it is aoDlied to It follo ws that any device which prevents the lower jaw from — ~ dropping down during the relaxation of sleep, and opening the mouth, will shut out the one unnatural current of air, and prevent snoring. I have devised the apparatus repre- sentexi in Fig. 2, which consists of i simple cap, a, fitting the head snugly t a cap of soft material, fc, fitting ths chm ; and a piece of elastic webbing, , c, tacked to the chin-piece, and to the head -cap near the ears. The webbing can be made more or less tense as may be required to effect the closure of the mouth. The apparatus is so simple that any one can make it; and the writer hopes this explanation will lecommekid itself to those individuals who, from the .««„„• . \ , . possession of this unfortunate habit. ar« a nuisance to everybody— excepting themselves. ' . Are Plants in Sleeping Rooms Injurious ?— Dr. J c Draner n a paper m the (?afexy. furnishes a vei^y clear and aUe d.scS in reference to this question. We condense and quote : ,.S*"*^^?^^.®.oi?* Carbonic Acid During the Ni/rht^ 1 Though the air is dependent for the renewal of ite oxygen onihl fs nnlll^lf ^**° ^**^^' ^^ P'*"*"' »* "»"«* °o* be forgotten that it ™ ^'"*f*P"'*°*'^ *?<* under the stimulus of light that these organisms decompose carbonic acid. All plaats, irrespective of tS S'h"«nlnf>"'%*^'"^'^ **^y««" *"** exhale*^carbonic acid in the dark' ;™!i?1k ''^ ''' °°''?"' ??" ''^"^ «Iiminated is, however, exceedingly Wh«„^h!°'°'"^''•^•'''*^**^•*'^y««" ''^'^'^^ «»t during the Z! ^;Stv L'/'iT""*' plant, exhale carbonic acid in coLideraSi thZS fH • * **'\f*'"*, *'^*' •^°^^«' ^«**- 1° t*»" condition, therefore, they resemble animals as regards their relation to the air ' ;^iv,^":n'rt?vfet*:K.'>*"°""°'^^'' »^^^^^ ^u^^S?'®^ Plants more lAJurlous than Others.—" Whaa ^^r L^ ^tu '"PP'y of carbon, and are busy during the day in restoring to It the oxygen that has been removed by animals, liny of the inferior cryptogamia, as the fungi and naraaitie nl "*- 'nS tawr aounsameiit from material that has ali-eady bein" orga'ak^i Clothing and Health, of a sleepinK-room. bnucreas^nSf h« ^^ ^i^'* «° *^« atmosphere dunng the night, there isTnother and moTr'^V^ carboniJacid be urged against theii presence in such ^nf!f "P?"^".' objection to they exhale peculiar volat le nl«n? *P*'^.™«'ite. Like animals, instances, render them unfit Ll^f'° principles which, in many •n the days of AndJoScus thfs faJt ^^^TT "'■ ''!^^^^on. eZ speakmg of Arabia Felix, that • bv 1«« ""Z"'^"^' ^^'' ^"^ «avs. iu and hot spices there growing the afrw.-Tl "^^''^^ frankincense, that the very inhabitonts af some S "° obnoxious to their brains What the influence oTthe brliS of Tlf^ ^T?^. *^°'^ '^ influence.' does not at present interest us "we have 0"^^^^-"?^ ^*^« ^^^"^ to show that long ago the eitlns from ?I^T'''^ *^° atatement havmg an influence on the condition «f?K ^'*°** T®'« »"e««ded as present ignorauce. it would be wU«to tlil^l^ L^^"" "'''^ '>^ ^^ mg apartments, at i.^t until we are bette? nf ***"5 ^""" *»"' «^««P- true properties." *'^® '*®"^' informed regarding their ts as If they had not gotten slS^'enSuiSnof ""^ "''^"u^ ^° *^« "^ori?^ have, and aa if they would ik£ IT^^ ' * *^. ""^^'^ " they used tS They look upon a hUthy cSd^lin' ™°''' ^^^ ^^^^ ««^ot get it envy. Bat It is ciirious to ob t?e t&S^;!'^^^^ T}^^ » f««lSig act or going to sleeo a blL «,o k ^'^^^^ " » ^hss to all in the happen%oLaro:L^rj'a'T;orrrf:^^^^^^ 'f^ ^^^^^^ there are strong Dhv8iolo<,;,.t^ «I tailing mto sound sleep • and counterpart of thTt"^ efc^^X^^^^ '^''' '^» ^^^ ^^ dying. In fact, thofe who have ^nLV ''^'"t "P°? *"' *li« »ct of life when on the verge of death andT«.T''r'''^° K^""^^^ back to been recovered fromllrowuing 'aJS olLr n''!5' ^^f *^°«« ^^o have simple smothe; ;.•,,, called " as^yxia" bvnhl- °^ «*/»^«"l^tion or have been, on cor.ung to conscWsness "fc'JT'- ^^^ «^P''«««ion8 you not let me go >" Art emin«nf nl iu t°^ delicious 1 Why did that the last-reLmberS Sfo^of'tr^ 'hT^'' ^"''^ represe'LJed as If he were listening to the ^^Tr::i:^:.f^:ZT^^^S:' ""^ CLOTHING AND HEALTH. o^^^^e'S^^^fl^it^^S^r^^ -osthealthful clothing for Bkin by all cla«L i^^^l'i'r"* "^^.^ ^^ «^ool. If worn next fth„ i$» ^ !• T'; 17ff Home and Health. H *? "^^tdj'iXe'f X^nfr/^^^^ ?**"~J h«»t about generated. 'J^liClA^j^ul'mL^7n^''«^^ ^^^^ *« ^"*«» although these ^relessSnTthlnA hnJi"' ''**^° *°** •"'^' prove by noticing the difffl^f /./°diirerence. dark-colored ones absorb it White i«fh! 1 ?*'* u,^'^^ ^^^""^ ^'^ able color for clothing in summer ?t r«flp.T^K'^"' ^^ ^'*«^'°'^- vents the sun's rays frSra naS thJ.i ^^'k ^!** "^f"' ^'''^ ?»•«• white is the best color f^r^summefinif'* w*n"^ *¥ '^«^y- « the best for winter It mu^^Z''* ^^,^ "^* ^^'^'^ t''** ^'^ack is heat with greTt SiiditV G ve a ZTiT'^i?'^* ^^""'^ "^'"^'^ Bteam radiStor, which i; capable of jJ^ ""-^'^^ P^'"* *^ * ^1*<^'' and consequently the latter color ,1 fh!i T* • "®** t*'*'^ ^^ite, is the ■oe.LolorCbXLirc^irt^^lit^^Xtrn- ." ment may seem like blowiim h^t o,.^ T? i. -^'^""g" this state- Let those whraretroEl with cold f^t* « nevertheless true. Btockin««,changetowhite andseeif IL^;^ 1? ^*'° ^"'^ "^"'^ wholly removed?" ' *'*° difficulty is not in part or Jot tKr pSfou^tt'a^^^^^^^ Close.-For all will give ready escV to the S ratfon ^^^ J^'i^"^ <=lothes to the sicin. For this reason woonim »h- u ^""^f ^'^"^"sion of air Bhould be worn constently. '"'' ^^'""^ *^"«^ ^^ ''»** ^^'^^y, m ' Dr. Hall. il heat about ^y as fast as ton and silk, any one can 3 application linen to the 8, that wool incalcalable 11 as winter, le in warm are almost ct to them bion can be ►g them out ad frequent ' very little Above all, ones with ecessary to ideavor to ; for them, e Clothing xtry, says : difference. black and id fashion- , and pre- body. If \t black is c radiates !io a black comfort- pt once, efore, A an white, aents. It 'his state- Jless true, ^ear dark in part or -For all 13 clothes ion of air I; quality, ClotHng and SeaUh. 177 ^/^^&^^^.S''^^.;r^^, 1 S? «^-t evils induced One part over-clothed? and aSSKjt haW°^^^^^ **"" P^"^'*- condition, especially among women aJd S^a " * ""V ""'"^O" governed by fMhionf children iJe^ZJ^H /''*'*^''«°- Women are great resource of fashion t^n^^™**^ ^l ^°'»«"' *°d it is the textures, now h.i^^tn^^.ll^^'^^lX^f^^^ ^^ K^""^ °° **>« posed. If the declared purpose w«r^n ^l "^1-^ °*''^' P*^*^ «*' more effectual way 3d be founJf V°-wu"°® 'I"***®' °o «"'««• oi «nent of the ci7cuytion is dfrect .If/? '' *^^" '•»«• The derange- librium is destroyed th«t»,f«K 5 *°** »™mediate; its healthy equi- more vasS 3 inwf SrLLT^P*^ ^'^'' *^«''' Woo/tc^e bodily ailments derangements give nse to various chronic part of the cheTbare ?s fmUht w ^^""^ ^^^ °'"^ ^°^ '^^ »PP" be less objectioLble ii conni^^^^^^ It would daughters, here 1? the f^einnroh.'^'^M^^,'""'"' ^"* ^^^^ «« to the Chi ling wSds a Stl^rt r,f\T*£? '^•'"**^' «^°«Jd expose fashion which To?ld be fci/ ^ ^^l' '' °°« *>^ *^ «^i'« of father, and brother Of thi ml ''f"''^ H ^^^'^ "^^ther, and often connected w?th thL exnosul^i^''' ^^ """""^^^ immodesty this discussion.* exposure, it is not necessary to speak in they are indeed crettv n^^ n« t"^ J*""^^ ^**« ^f the ladies, for parfs of the bodyThetead needs ^^lel^tTJ''''^ 't^^' *» °^ "" the other extremity we have to Jv f w *V*°i1'°S- .,^"'' *'^ P^« <« boots and shoes, rifnnTng arther^ aLof.t*""**^^^ '^'^'^ h^«J« ^ the gait and ruining the 'ankSioint; of Tm*° * P°i°*' "* ^'^^'^^^g We are careful to order our shSkers t r/'° *"'* ^u°\°« ™«««'' Bhoes before permitting them to t^w. IT'*''* ""*''' heels from Heels of moderate height and"g« SdeM^ feet If they wash them once a^w2kTiv"?v ?!J^«^^^^^^ well. They do not consider thTfthl? I ^^'^^ ^^^^ are doing located in t1.e bottoroft foot and Stllr'\''^ S^''^'''^ »^« 18 discharged through the wres T W t ^ T\^. offensive matter g^nnmg to the end S^theXk withouLT"*' ^^^^^PH' ^^om the be- pletely saturated with ofiSsive matter W ut'"^ ^'''"'"^ «<»"• 8uch treatment of the feet T^r ^""tealth is generated by absorbents, and this fetid matlr%r'^ *'! "°* repellants, but taken back into the syrt;m."'&SsL?W^^^^^ ^^ «^*^^*' '« With pure water only as well m fl^fl "1 T hashed every day •ive odor is also emifted^ rnles^da^lvS?'*'' ■''''' ^^^^^ ^^otfeZ ings should not be worn'more than Jda^"ortin^ ^'^^' may be worn one day, and then aiLd TZ T ^^ **.* *''"«• They day. if necessary." ^' ^^^^^ *"^ «"«°ed and worn another ^^^^^^o^l^tS^t'^^^-f^ under-clothing should be needless to say corsets should be ab^ninn 'j'^'^^**':? ^*'»*' "'^d it is principal articles should be lofnpHf^"?*'*' ^° ^"^ *^". the two Hke cHildren's night drawers' but flfr™'"f * «^""«°'' something petticoats and skirts shnnTnK i, "". "^ ^"^^""^ ^ 'be body. Thf LdeofmusHn! ofSttrtgh't'm'aT^^^^^ *'^ Bhoulders bj'stl^' elastic garter. Children sSd never we^^^S^ fl ^^^^^^^^-^y ings can be perfectly well kent nn hJ ^+ V "l**,*^"' *» the stock- the waistband. If garters are wo?n ^it1„''°'''"'^.* °^ *^*«*'« ^t^aps to apply them with the least Sk^Wm Vf T'u""^.**' ^««'«' ^oV to superficial veins of the lee unitP In^ ' ""a ^\ ^?"^ ^^ *he knee the of the thigh beneath thelmstrinJ tin ^^^^t''""^ the under par? the knee obstructs all the s^neXfJ f • "'•, •^,^"« a ligature below is above, the ham-string tendons Wn"*'^ *^' constriction which return the blood from the lei^'f^l^^^^ ^« the veins m Ignorance of the above factR nf^i.^r^""?*^'?"' "^ost people. Elastic bands are the most ^njuriouf ^ ^Th^v f^n*"'' b'"^' ^^^^ ''"ee of the muscles, and never relax tTir^.^ ^°"''*^ *''« movements elastic bands, during musciarLert n ? T"'^ "P°" ^^^ ^«'"^- ^on? *t interval.. a.d alfow rftrcSfflon'^^'S^Vbr^-'^^-^ relaxed Clot/iing and Ueattk 170 len and fur. TheZ^l ih^^tT i '' .^^^fely m wraps of wool- comfort will allow ' ' "'* '"'^'^ "^''"^^ •»« ^^^Pt " cool aa neKo^lftfetyte^ thethroataudlun^. The •re made by the larvur KJt- '"•1' •**'? ?^y movements whicl, of great imjortence tKhTn^^^^^^ !* ' u'i^^l""^ ^^'^^ '» » * '"'^tt^' dreMPri aN„h* ." *°® "^'^^ ''^ 'wealth shoii d be always IoosbIv di..aM, won^Het Tell b^JS„^'^S"'''''"<°"'''^°'^ 'l>fo»t tie at .11. He S.o"dd, • .'ifJX. '^ ^T °°"r' *°'* "O ''™l- dof,Tro.T«JtS^'&;iS»---i;2;i'?„;;wf^ cL^^tL'^iSf ""■^'"»-'"' ' -^"«r.; thfes irritablfl hU.fo..- tt ^ wnose hands were coverod with varx Bhort time thUbLJerTaptaied Id h»H * '^u'"7u*"'°« **^«'^ * She wore the left glove Sore th^th/"^ •\?^'*1 H' *'^«'^ «^°^ was consequeotly mfre affe^tli thf^ Jk "^?*' "I!! **»* ^«f* i»aud of spun s^k. dyld a light brown c^lor I^^^a ^'^^ S^"'"" '^^''^ an aniline dye of co«U?to^ S tk ~ if ^^' »PPWently being dangerous. ^ "' ""^^ on«»n. The um of articlea ao dyed it ana^n^p'Llfer^nrw^lPe'rc^^^^^^^^^^^ -d Ger- • In one of them a writer describelth^i!"*'"" *° dangerous gloves. of the faahiorJMe" bronze «^^^^^^ " siff T"*"' *?'''" **^ » P^^'' member of hi, family A?tfr,?earinL tt'i ^J*""" ^^'^ ^^ " patient was attacked mth^nLJuTui^ , ■ * /"^ ""^ '«^o. *h.- t.nds. which inof'ase7?o sS Ln ex^^^^^^^^^ weeks she was compelled to n?rr^ hi I ^*'** ^°' .*^o «' ^^^fe"' acute pain, and Ef of coSJ-I^ , k^'"'^!/? * "''°«' sufferin.^ herself."^ inquiries amoni thf!;. ".°*^'% ?'*'i^'' **» ^^^^ "^ ^'^^ other ladies SiSly aSed 7a ^'" ^"'°?.'' ^•''"overed thre. a ^se of very s^^ ;S^ b^^^^Hf ^ ^Tb^r^-; -P«- dayt re fou;7tLtLtt,rwert'SnT^ t\^'^^'7^ * T^^^ ''^• t^. red tops of tha.oJ?rrar=;f tr^TSSi^ I ^' i! 1 180 Home ako Uealtb, M e^ec'SL^'th^Vot: X?\ T^ ^' *^« *- -rely blood rndee.1. the ease^req^ed very ca^^^ ""'''b^J into S ful physician. In the Museum of +K J?^ m*^®^"' treatment by a skil- are preserved some brSy dvej oh'S'' '^" ^^ S^geons, LcnSon to a similar affection on^'^felfof f cLIid" ' ''°^'' ^^chgave riae c«v%^^^^^^^^^^ of woollen, silk and also, gentlemen's uadeJclothTng hat ^n'." ^"YT' 1"^«*iti«B ' «o. and shoes. Professor NichoS of th« T' *"V*^" ^'""'g« «f boots Tecunology. reports the examination nf*f^^''-"'""« Institute of to to°Vrd»M°it''A'i^f <>|«»taf -P.e all p„.,ible preoaution goods as a rule have been pi.i'dJ.V^' "'^^ "^ country Thei pofeh°row^'??h?,^,^^^^^^^ a thorough renovation? by boiwSJ TV' ^"'^''^y '' «' submij t to jnce the recognized remeSL to nfitratrtLT'"« '«*'"• ^se at *or these, see chapter on '^P^lnr^l'^rr P""^^ »« the system physicao without Lay." ^«'«o>»s." « need be, consult yo^ ^^pVLfJLlTllnlI±^^^ ^'P'^ Such Clothing -The villamous traffic abov^e desSS t^"^ *« *^« .«rea?S of ^h! vt?:-ng"rs ?he^^^re ri^^^^^^ a license. Evidently, however S fl-'^^'Pl^^^^^ Poisons wiK the production of the needed dyes » " inventive powers ia .rfer^ra^l^^XScliooVg^^^^ ^,,, ,^„, »e severely, J into the ' by a akil- 18, London, h gave rise n. silk and ntitiee ; so, gs of boots istitute of i^hich con- roy, New lie sucked > keep ofi >recaution "8. There 'ecially in sponsible their cus- 'so, most rry such '. Their *uctiona. who use 8 of such tnit it to Use at system, lit your r— The t of the ill soon before contain 'eliable a held 'i know ■ithout ' put a not be ibited, emists ers in BTTlal.* Clothing and lleallh. 181 semifS:%f. %rZZS ^''\ "^ -»• P-'-^^- -hool, and divided into a'nunpi^a^r: loteTs'tn'^l' ^' '^^^f' ^^ llveJt crowd the heart, hiiicra nnri «f^. i :.°" ' *'*=^ ^^e forced ud tn -it can, where'S^s" folo Inti- t'' t" "°ri ^ ^'^^ -«- placed or cramped. Block i.lp««.^ * i",- , ^'"'"y ^''^I orcan is dis- yloves, tight giiters. T^.t c^ Ll or .till '^ '^ *''^''* ^'i^^^' Ct «U,rt.bau3s; and theVe the C nu.st ran 1.""' ''. '""^derous ti|ht "ig, every time it passes fro.u the he /t tJ t^^' '"^ -' ""' P"'"^- • . . To study iu eut,,, ^ oostumel to Lmn l^ ^^^^f/^'tius or bact. -but the spirit of the a-o s unJn h^. fi *''^ "'^"'"'^ =»* both ends her ; study she must, and die sSSmu^ai; .1 " '^'^ '° ^^"^^ i>^««« «" Btui",iraffh%iiSi!„te4l?te^^^^^^^ With Educatlon.-A more endu^-ance thaS women "faSvn.^ ''^'^"'^ ^b'^* '^^^n hav^ would hke to see the thirteen hundred^/.'*''* ^"?>^ered that she laoed up in steel-ribbed corsets with ^h.^ ""u" ''^ *^« University high heels, panniers. chigrnsVinrdLnr^nf' ^-""^ '^''''' ^'^^^l their scalps, cooped up in the h^,.5 ^ ^/ bair-pms stickincr i, hilarating exercise, no hopes aiiSsn? Tr* •^''' ^'^"'•' ^'^^ "« «"- they coufd stand it as well as "r^irL Sh" ' '" ^•'^ *"^ «^« ^^ fact that women, like cats havflnTnli' ^^^^'^B> aaid she. but the tbe pr^eut nj,ne to w&trrditlfetx ^'^'" '^ '^'^'^^-^ o^^t'iSl^&f^^^Z^ealt^^^ ClothiBg.-As a result opimon seems to be setting if rfivorffLr^'" "^{T'"'^' I'^^lic Tale faces are not thou-ht so inf^r! *^ ^*'^^"S and healthy girls workf ^"T ?^- -'"d^'* "-teSut"of"tt^f t^ ^^^^^ -S' t work for a hvmg and ask for good wales vl ^^^^'^ ^»"»«» «^b^' Idea of tying themselves for life totXT.'ki °"f^ 'V'" "d'°"^« the of expensive drv-aoods unon +»,»• '^"^'^^^ 8^'"^» who exhibit loads IJey £egin to/airotenTy^osy XKn^^^^^^^^^^ -dewaf^s ?nd It seems aa though the Dale nnri ^ i ^ **^"*^ figures. Indeed were of no^pracLlltthfZtiZVf''l' ^'^°' ^^^^y praised as interesting on account of S ^,** ^^*«' admired and gomg to have a pretty haid tS «? -f "^ P^ll'"' *"d languor, were £ecome he^lthy^? "^t g ^de t V" J th^ made by wearing proper crothing ^^^ '^'"'"'^ «»*d will be obEJv^fc^j; °ta^ron^e% "^^ ^^'rr« -^ -*«'!'>«* ^ evil results of fashionable dress •'« &"^. ''n ^'''^"*'"' *"d "^ the toU and sorrow. Obedience to fashfonir '"'"V^r ^^'««° *ha„ the ,aws of woman'snature, a greater f„fS'^fV'-^^'S^>^^^ion of K f;' "'"''*''"*'°"' than the WSroP^.^ ^'' P'^-T«'*^^I «"d The slave-woman at her task will iv« if i P°''f i^^ ^"'i "eg'ect. three generations of her mis resTes fade In} ^"'^ "^''' ^"^ ««« t^o o; r-A ■3 :e ::i:l 183 Home and HEiXTH. "It is a sad truth that fashion-pampered women are almost worthless for all the good ends of human fife. They havrbut H ttle force of character ; they have still less power of mora^l wiu! and que as little physical energy They live for no great purpo e "nC they accomplish no worthy ones. They are only doU-forms in the hands of inillmera and servants, to be dressed and fed. They dress nobody, they feed nobody, they instruct nobody, they bless nobody They write no books; they set no example of virtue and womanfy life. If they rear children, the latter are left to the care of servant and nurses. And when reared, what are the children ? Whit do they ever amount to but weak scions of the old stock ? Who ever heard of a fashionable woman's child exhibiting any virtue or power of mmd for which it became eminent ? Read the biographies of oS Cv'^«tT°^T'"• ^"5 """ "^ '^''"^ ''^'^ ^ fashio^naEle r hen iTilL^T'^ •f/VP,'?"^ ^'T strong-minded women, who had a* little to do with fashion as the changing clouds." " «« «■ TIGHT LACING AND HEALTH-IMPORTANT TESTIMONY. *.i.£ ^vn^*^-^^®?*f. °^ Tight-pressing GanneHts. -The free ai. quent, though sarcastic lecture,* was delivered some time ago by a physician of extensive observation, upon this subject. He began by saying that many causes combined to produce the much-lamented delicacy of American women. Chief among then > was the system of torture procured by the contrivance called a corset, or corsets. He was always giving hints of this to his lady patients, but never found one who " laced tight," as they called it. They wore " the thing," they acknowledged, but while gasping for breath would declare, " I can put my whole hand between my waist and corset !" And it would not do to contradict them ; he could only intimate his un- belief. He did wonder, he said, where some young ladies stowed away their dinner, for it was a curious fact, that as they contracted the space for receiving food, they seemed to enlarge the quantity to be received. It could not, of course, find room inside the whale- bone, and so the stomach must be pushed out of place in order to do its work properly, bringing on dyspepsia and its train of miseries. Then the lungs were compressed, and the heart pushed out of its proper limits, and a little record of rebellion was kept within the system, in place of the beautiful, harnonious account of a grand, healthful action of the whole human machinery. There was the back-bone made for bending, and how could it be bent while splint- ered and bandaged like a broken limb ? Any part of the body mads 1 : r( ^. *• *> IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /. #.^ .5^^^, /. I/a 1.0 I.I 11.25 122 2.0 U 11.6 Photographic Sdences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80 (716) 872-4503 '^ - >. '^K\ ^ *. ^K^ <1^ 186 Home and Health. for action, if not allowed to act. crew weak for ».«♦ «* a lady ahonld ao through «^J1, j Jt ^^^* " exercise, and fomUich tij ttTpt rdtt i*\Taiti:ftior «>' dread the thought of marr^no- iTi " u '"P'® fact-that men irritable temperfto bad SLhes and'ntlT''^ r '"''J'^' *<> «»« »' mention ; aU of Vhich^ve^^lj^^^^^^l^^^^^ T^ «°* able product of the compressi mi of tL f • * '^®*'* ^"'^ '°ev»*- compressed waist is far more ceSn of itLK "\ ^" «n°aturally hair or a faint dustin/of nXder Tf *^ ' -" * "^'^ °^ ^^^"^ the appearance of a IraSy ha. Lil y«"?«i?dy who, to obtain siderable physical paii^and who h« K '"H^^'-^''^^ ^""«" *° ^on- pretty store of ailS which onlvwanff- ^''^l"^ «P for herself a selves, could only see the stare of sPaT^i J™^ ° Pr 'iiounce them- understand the sSul n,>T™i?- if ^i^''/*'''fi'"'««'l contempt and should have a Egf oftt Tltf'lL**^?;^-^"'* ^^ ^«^ ^A SS Through all change? women T^maiW™. * '? "^''^'^ » ''"'»i« Whether h«clothLiS^«^ilTi"fe'™V?'^, *?. *»°? *^<<^ or whether .he bnildl arcJth" lower halj ^ he! ?„?"*" ^'^"^ and capacious structure of steel aha i. L-w ^urJ.^^,''^ * '"*'*"na of a small waist ; and she will w«1««k'''^ ^*'f^^."' *° *''« tradition her hands red, she Sincur hrdaoh« 1^ circulation, she will make she will mi« her di^i^n aut pJolL a3 ''''I ^'' ^ ««• *"d men regard with pity and folwffderlton •""''"'' ""^''^ ^'«« no?S|h^r^?^Qr?i?at'^^^^^^^^^^ -'^f/ -y dress i. dress.^' Such fs the un ve^Kt on ToT.S""]'* ^''"' * "«ht none whose dress is not loose Fvl„ f k v ^^ ^''®^««« *"«'>tly, has the enviable reputrtiorofha^rthl-iP?''" ^' ^"«*"*' ^^o would doubtless say her dris wm f i^w""'* waist in the world, M many hours everyday Venln»ov„lSJ^?T'"'''"""I»'« gnarled oak will tell of thee for Ltn^S '1'° ^°""8 "»'"■«■ "'' «*. .hJ ?Ztdt^.^tralSJr;t'^jj'l^P^ '■"''^^^^ ..herde,or.nit,e,, -nore ap^ g J^g^^" ^^g g^j ■ J^-d. lil.. g t The remainder of this chantAr u»>a «™.;.* Dixon Jonei.. M. D., and pl3in t^hl^H*^"/' * "^'^'-''te paper by itn Marv Tight lacing and EeaUh. 187 bonee are somewhat <»rti agfnou>. and yield readily to these forced powtions. Yet even in old age the bones are still changing strnb* «Zt !^^^^T " *^7 ««•« P>?«d. We are told of an olS la^dy who spent the last years of her life in an alms-house, bent over knitting. i«!.n f S'^f'^ '" *bat cramped position, till across the shouldfr Sne inches ^^ ^"" ^"^ °* sternum to pelvis only r-S" ""^^ *°*^ ^"°^ ^'■® «»°a8ed in a bony structure, as if to give XTJ' "^T .8f,'="''« protection. The vertebral or spinal column is placed posterially the sternum, or breast-bone, in front, and the Ii«rn, '^:, *?"^^u ««^e°,of the ribs are joined direotl> to the nl [«.^' T ^^ ^^ carti agmous attachments. Tlie rest are more or less floating, so as to allow the fullest expansion to the chest, and the greatest freedom to the lungs. lu that form the chest should be naturally ex- panded, and the ribs free. But the young lady commences with gentle pressure, gradually drawing nearer and nearer to- gether the floating ribs, dimin- ishing more and more the size of the chest, giving less and less room to the lurgs; and The ribs which curve off so beautifully and gracefullv can b« Dr Merideth Reese dissected a woman in which thev were coni pletely lapped, and the flesh seemed bruised. From tYe Wer nart of the sternum to the back-bone should measure dgSrorU^ inches, yet so can these bones be compressed and brought together, — — that there are instances of its measuring only one and three- fourths inches ! Isn't this in- terfering with the very sour.es of our existence? We look with horror at the Chinese' compressing their feet, and at the flat-headfd Indians com- pressing their skulls. Bothcus- t( ms seem absurd and ridicu- lous in the extreme, but ours is far more barbarous and iu- . . , , ^ jurioHS. Ketter compress the feet, head, or any part ot the body, than right here at tlie v^rv fountain-head, at the very citadel of i fei. The soft extremity of the sternum, f..,o, i^. sometimes bent in, and grows and ossifies m that position ; yet we winder that consumption !i 186 *0MB AND Health. w"th tS7^"f* '°^"g'^ *« ^« grrefulT gJIT" •■ «?'"««'ne8 only a Th« f* *''*''''' °^ t^« J«D«8 ' ^"* *^^»y« »t Avill interfere 1 delunga consist onlv of n.v^-ii delicate mucous mem&e My^aLTri'^ °' *^« «"««* and most '•"- '- producing a thrJL'*!L» P^-iHt^^.of this iid condition, producing alL^rs^^^f^- .P-^-^^- of this ^^^ Nodoutt this accounts trmuct of th«*^ ^^apleasant general among women. A ±1 ',^1 '°^"'PO«tion deoreasiug for manv Jl"7.» -^™«"can women has b««n ««" i*^^ aa.erted that " th^WtelityTi^^fSf °- ^ "^^^J'^^l" JoumanaS decroasiug for many years"^^" and on" of o7rT ^'4 T" «°«»t«n^S^ S^f,r^- *^*t oSJ^^S^i- ^^dailypape^ >' rhe only woni'er nd, as our ladies |edom of action. '• and more and ky follow lateral iserted that all '0 some extent ; metimea only a t will interfere finest and most great problem «z-, to establish ricairand the fie might have lave conceived md arranging Jod-vessels, so itact with the ed in so small ■ucture. Into somes rushing J'e, worn-out n of carbonio :pand, the air a impurities, •n, rendering >altliy. The impure, un- '»'' '* cannot war or morbid uupleasant ^disposition irnal lately > constantly laily papers are weak in he verge of Jy purified fullest and any one of Composed unst much ing is said ' more the M'tentiiuea Br J Tight Lacing and Health. 18d JL}^ "r-cells *re not fully expanded- they flab together ; in time adhesion must take place, then inflammatiori; theS ulceration-a direct road to consumption. In effect it renders the lungs smaller. Il 1 '*^.'*f«" " » predisposing cause of disease. Large and weUl developed lungs are the best inheritance we can have ; and thus diminishing their size and capacity diminishes our vigor, power, Ind vitelity, and lessens our hold upon life. The large? our lungs are! oll^^T't'^®*'".**^^' other things being equtl, the longer wo are going to bve, and the more power and vigor we will have I know they are very unfashionable, yet when we consider how very useful they are, that the larger our waists the better we are off both as to length of life and enjoyment of it, as weU as strength and actiTity of mind, we might have the courage to stem the tide, to dare even to have waists. Not many years ago a rich man died in PJuk- laid, leaving a certain annuity to the bravest man. It was diificutt to decide, so for decision it was referred to the brave old Duke of Wellington, and he declared it was the man who shut the gate of a certain city against the surging of battle ; so the bravest woman is she who m faahionable hfe daies shut the gate againtt the flood- tide of destructive fashion. Even little girls are brought to this altar of fashion to I e sacrificed. Iheirwauts are compressed, their gait rendered unstatdy aud uu. graceful, their vivacity of spirit destroyed. Pale f.icer, dull eyes heavy headaches, and a lifetime of feebleness and sicki eis, tell the sequel. Very seldom do we find a young girl dressed so as to give the lungs their proper freedom. -^ *» ® "" B'^a Bringing the ribs together as shown must necessarily press all the internal organs out of place. The liver is pushed and squeezed out of shape, at times pressed quite lolow the waist ; the stomach carried out of position ; the colon, which lies just below the waist, was in one instance found m the lower part of the abdomen. A professor once said in the dissecting-room to his class, that to find the position of the internal organs they need never look at a female subfect, for in them they are always out of place ! The abdominal organs fallina down upon the movable uterus topple it over on the floor of the pehrw, bnnging on a long train of evils. T»,«.®i,r5 •V"''T.°' T**^'°8" *>y*'>« "ct'on 0' the muscles. Ihe chest is formed largely of muscular structure, great immense muscles branching m every direction-an immense muscular appa- ratus to expand the chest and help in the process of breathing, to give ua the breath of hfe. It Ts wonderful how this immense machinery of muscles is arranged to accomplish this end. Besides, the great muscles of the abdomen are brought into play to help-in fact, almost every muscle of the body seems to bo brought into action to accomplish more fully and effectually this great act oi breathing; and to do this effectively, they must have the freest motion and the fullest action, no obstniotion in any way. Muscles involuntarily shrink from any impediment. ti/nHt'irLtl!i"%'"i"S' °i"«f «8 wj'i^li fJod has arranged so beau- tifully Moimd the body we keep mactive, bind theto down witli ri no i» HoMK AND Health. jnd active. C^^eitfu ly^^Tw^'^PP^^^'"''^^^^^^^^^^ debilitated AerSi /t?''"'"'»»"««l'Jpo»vll!t°ft*°»'K«'' « mmmmmm ThTonrcaS^r^'-'^ iH-healtif?^ ""'^^ *^« compLcatioi., how people than any other /h^ """'t® *? undermine the health nt A ■ KK; ^i^'-^f S"'«Ki ttot^^^^^^^^ le or ni,^ f-~u- ,^''cu tnests, nor dirl Pf>«,„— i.i - r—'n-.Liu laut 01 taste ^".recu «c cer- forhis^odeloneof o'S' /'P'^tracted - r-~JiX:.au laut 01 taste, Hxereiie and Health. 191 ! -I i I ide their action bv fcead of being free bouttiie waist, is 'ting at the upper ta the designs of £ and powerless, 'he corsets, those ve so lost their 3 body, and the ng to pieces, or 'eaker and more the corsets. I 'ide, but wou?d I accustomed to muscles to hold bout them pro- Bdiately under le weakness of M the constant same muscles, activity, aa is wways suflfer ; 8 constipated, ich conditioi.s le is sufficieut ►lication, how ' of American motion. There rformed, not 'It has slain 38 men in a an historical ted St. Bar- ition by the the person ? it with the 'Dglishman, I we are so ' naturally- has not a of ancient >wers take cct ho cer- Furthemore, it destroys all gracefulness of carriage. When any muscles of the body are cramped, the movements cannot be easv • there IS a certam wiggle-a "divine wiggle." How is the human race to have health with this mode of dressing? Only fashion makes us think it IS beautiful, or tolerate it for a moment. We would not othemise endure the misery it imposes, but so accustomed are some to suffering, that they are hardly conscious of it, they don't know when they are dressing tight, don't know when the breathine is oppressed. * When Lady Mary Wortley Montague was travelling in Turkey while preparing for the bath, laying aside her corsets, one of the women of the Turkish harem took up this little instrument of tor- ture, surveyed it in all directions, and turning to Lady Mary said • Does your husband make you wear this ?" A greater tvrant than our husbands imposes them upon us. If we would only recollect what Carlyle reminds us of that "rags " are not of as much im- portance aa the person. EXERCISE AND HEALTH. ToU and Activity Necessary to Health. -Frederick th*. Great said : As for my plan of not spaiinc myself, I confess it the same as before. The more one nurses one's self, the more feeble and delicate does the body become. My trade rerjuires toil and activity, and both my body and mind must adapt themselves to their duty It IS not necessary that I should live, but it ia necessary that J should act. I have always found myself the better for this method However, I do not prescribe it for any one else, and Am content t« practise it myself." Severe Exercise after Eating Injurious.— Do not take severe exercise immediately after eating. Sir Busick Harwood made a thorough test of this question in this wise : Having fed two hungry pointers with the same kind of food and with the same amount, he allowed one of them to rest in his kennel while he kept the other in constant exercise for a couple of hours. Both dogs were then killed, and their condition carefully examined. It was found that in the dog which had remained in his kennel digestion was nearly com- pleted, while in the other the digestive process had scarcely com- nienced. The iirference was conclusive, namely, that severe exercise should not be taken immediately after a hearty meal. Light Exercise after Eating is HeathfuL— This question has been thoroughly tested in many ways. Light exercise, instead of hindenng, promotes digestion, and in this way is helpful to the physical system. It should be light, however, as after a full meal the digestive organs are taxed to their utmost, and repose te the other parts of the system will be helpful. ThfllM RnlAa Aftnlv aloA fn lUrAf>*«1 Ti»>.ia. rru. I— ..• — — - — — - — -- ■=^irtr'ir rrxav vv SS.j3U.va1i. x>jLd;;i3c. — j-iic uruiS It^ould i^ot be heavify taxe4 immediately after a hearty meaL Poing 193 HOMa AKD HbALTH. literary men and thoa« !nf«,LT j °° mntal work. Indeed wai&?g^ i??leJ;*vS?a;& IS"^' "^^^ P«"on- in ordinary health expand the chestT^dTrink in the Z« " "'^^ a^^"^ *»•« heal'eJect to secure your end. I^et tL eye tZ f ' ' *°^ "T ''""^^^ «no»gh and not be fixed on the groimd^fn contPmn?If • °' ^^^f * *° '^"other. or deformities of the landscLne tak^ f^^*""? ' °*'*« ^^^ beauties can. to whom you can r^fe^y??,; olionsTnThn? ^"^ y°" " ^^^ whom you can receive suggcfitive thoXo " ?* y°" "^^ *nd from and sit upon a rock or Ke both fSe .'"rd Yh°«' '*-°P "' *'"« Borne atrikmg scene, and let not the pleiure be tn^.l/^^^^"'"?* "' by any overstraining for the name anTfrmrof iS^wJlLr"""' citS^rw^f eX^ife%^?:t\?;fo^l I?r*^^^^^^ those mend the pedestrian jon^eyLTl'Vl^l'^^^^ With the physical exercise mavTeloKllu °' Y'^ *°<^ »»'«d. geographical or historical LvestiStion 1§ f i^^''^ °^ botanical, or Kelp the body to its rejuvSere 6r ?f - ^^^'f^^^^ "^^d ^iU can use your sketching powers on mm,nt'- ^^^ "® *° a^ist, you memorials of your tour?^ '^'^ mountain or stream, and ao provide increased quantity of air needed for «,. • *® *5® '"°«« wi*h the system, 'fo promote tWs there should h! IT ^"'^ *°*'^^*y ^^ the arms. All untrammelled merandwjln^'f H°'^*'°^^* °^ naturally move their arms more Jr 17?^ w^lkln^ t?' ^"'l «*'-^«' fu to swing them like a steam encine Imf « /' , * " ^""^ "^ed- this kind will be graceful in nerson«nfh * °**"H "movement of gives character to the gai ani^KSc'S tirfn/'r ^l"'- ^^^ *'«<> life and animation. ^ "« °^ '^^ individual, and imparts fasKf^^iJ™r^tt;;]^eSL .\«'^k "P the peniicioa. walking^dress t'Le haasVoSd^Tlom be'neeSin ^^^*^ * '^''" With a broad-brimmed hat the face mav ht ^hX} *** "manage that, the carrying of a parasol superflSs eJcent i^ t? 'W* **» '»*1^« the day in hot weather. If a lone dress mi^^fh *^* ^*'*.t^t P*"^ o^ " be hooked or pinned up. so Ma??.«/arJ a^^Ta,^/^^ EfTeot of Tight Lacing on WalMnu t,„i.. i • >qaent thereto, 'ork. Indeed, ted to businesa dinary health, 'Od every one e walk of half but cannot be • to those who althy luxury. V^alkbff, how- le head erect, riskly enough t to another, the beauties h you if you see and from stop at timea njoyment of to wearinesa ilker. I— To those et us reoom< and mind, Httanical, or d mind will artist, you i BO provide itly-dressed gs with the *^ity of the nent of the and girls, 9 not need- ivement of This also Qd imparts pemicioae ith a short nage that. '» to make St part of ' the skirt 'free. : weakens )ly bous<3 Exetcise and Health. m together, that if one suffers, all the others suffer with it. Bind any animal about the middle so that the muscles there cannot work, and all the other principal muscles must work under restraint. So, set one of these ligatured bodies to walking, and the whole operation is a very constrained and mechanical affair ; the lower limbs rnoxe mostly by themselves, and the lay figure slides along very much as if on casters. This gives the characterless gait somewhat peculiar to our American women. The upper part of the figure is still. The ligature about the waist has cut off the sympathy which should exist between the two, and so cheats the walker out of nearly all the benefit to be derived from the exercise. She says that walking hurts her, and in that she is right. Then she desists from walking, and m that she is wrong. She should put herself into proper con- dition for walking, and peruist in it, though discreetly, of course ; not to utter exhaustion. Exercise for Delicate Women— Perhaps it would be better for delicate women to take a large proportion of their exercise in other ways at first. Croquet, riding, and driving might be tried, but nothing will help them much until they dress right. Rambling m the fields and woods, berrying, gathering flowers and botanizing, are amona the best forms of exercise for women, next to out-of-door work. Gardening is the best, perhaps, all things oonsideied. It is active, gently exciting, tasteful, and available to most women, for very few of those who read these pages are so shut up that they do not have a chance in a court-yard at least, however small it may be. And it is surprising to see what can be done in some of our city yards. Wear the Bight Kind of Shoes.— Our footgear also affects our walking. The shoes at present worn are strong and thick- soled, and that is well, but if stiff enough to make corns, that mars the pleasure of walking. High heels will also do that by driving the foot painfully into the forward part of the shoe. Insist on having all the heel removed, and then have only one or two thick- nesses of leather or " lifts " put on, quite as wide as the sole and as long as the heel. Then, if your shoes are large enough, you will enjoy your walking as you never could with high and narrow heels. Besides, by wearing these unnatural heels we derange the whole basis of our physical structure, and sow tho seeds of our innumer- able ills which we are but just beginning to reap. Ladies (and gentlemen, too) are almost as perverse about tight shoes as they are about tight dresses, and shoemaking is in a very barbarous state. Exercise aCure for Many Diseases.— There are many diseases, at least many forms of indisposition, which, with a strong will, mav be walked away, provided the exercise be taken systematically and rendered a prominent feature in the daily treatment. Tone is imparted by this means to both mind and body, cheerfuinesa re- duces gloom, and sympathy for others a morbid dwelling on aelf. xus oxcrcise ihouid be active, and not cousist of either strolling or •aantering out of doors, or even amateur gardening. A brisk walk Mi: ril I 194 I' . m ■[ r It! k I ' r HOMB ANB HjultH. ^SSl«^»'«---- lenty of exerr?^* u ®°P'« ^''l b« reatleM, fidietv irrjrM°"* disorders whfph^ *?''=*«d with "hit ^e«t brought *JJ„"t^l\and full of tran^J f?"^«' «"«h ^wons *»ni diMMo, a. ^ r ,*'■"•»' "»rt£n toli^ f "' "l^" "r-if woMto who is ev» „. I '"y"" *"«ok. on„2^"^?°« "OTPMo" 5»^f .tSrS^-" -7 sir- -'»'' '« jMMes, and in manv inlv '^"*'«' a»»d 8tuniJ„„K •'«!«''««* training dmnkenness t^ • ^ instances the ultim«* '• *' PJect to nmnem„f «"»? time ™Ce r„t°^ '^''^«">PmZ,^Tll^'"U-g«:inS Pradeaoe, therefor. ^ '°"""* ««xiug of th. "^'".^ ««i«ot .ttji . -oe iat„ the hay-fieid or dSb JIhtrcite and EmUH. 116 BMt three nuieiM ^.--People will be e •bout the hou8^ the day. What fgue for fatigue ^e gamed oa the distance walked creasing atre«gth ise. There is ao ''cted with what * such persons ?f and which ia jse m the open »08 of thought. 't of health and ■urns. Motion to which even »e earth itself, ^ers, fs known 'ule of takiug 3 open air— if ne exemption \mnui~th&t Throw btu « B atmosphere e writers has rest training to Dumei^us [iuttony and •e than five nooTie who stinguished g seventeen »not at the >n8titution. 'jfe, must itweigh by ■A modern '■y occupa. pged has " persons ° into tba M borne- or climb the hill, Most of them are led to doabt the ralne •i exerdM because of the effects which follow these ezertioni. Without doubt, the labor ia generally excessive for such persons ; but if they would manage their table habits rightly, the results wonld generally be more than satisfaetory. When a man is tired, he is tired all through— the stomaeh not less than the legs. Now, what is the usual custom f After a walk of twenty miles, or a day at haying, when every fibre of the body is exhausted, the stomach ia stuffed with hearty food. The man goes to bed with flushed face and rapid pulse, and awakens in the morning with a bad taste in his mouth, loss of appetite, and a sense of languor. If be had taken a cup of tea and a slice of toast instead, he would find himself the next morning none the worse for the previous day's work and perspiration. We all understand well when the body is weak from fever that the stomach partakes of the general weakness, and must not be over- loaded. But when the body is exhausted from labor, and every part IS pleadmg for rest, then we crowd the stomach full of beef, puddmL pies, and fiuit, and spend the next day in declaring to our friends that exercise is not what it ia said to be. When we are tired we should seek restoration in sleep— not in calling upon the legs, the arms, the back, the stomach, or any other part, to undertake five or six houra of continuoua hard labor. The Jaboring man would find himself much better in the morning if the third meal were made more light in quantity and easy of digestion. Ridinirand Rowing, and Other Kinds of Exercise.— "Horse. back-nding and boat-rowing are valuable kmds of exercise, and should be often resorted to by those who have the opportunity. Nearly all work about the house, or in the shop or field (except that which fails to use the lower limbs), is to be recommended in the department of exercise. In doing such work care should be taken to give freedom and fullness to the breathing and to the circulation of the blood. Let the neck, waist, and feet be free. Swimming as Exercise.*— Swimming, when done at the right hours, and not to excess, is an appropriate and healthful exercise. If "PADDtiNO versus SwiMMiNo.— The advantaftes -^* '"paddling" end "treading w^ter," aa a meana of escaping from "drowning », > -■ one is suddenly precipitatea Into deep water, are set forth by a writer in the Sunitary Record. Tht motions uerformed in the acts of paddlinir and treading require noprevious inatrustlon, and lu the great majority of cases would save life. In swimming the mouth ia on a level w»th the water in the intervals of the strokes ; in paddling the head ia well elevated— the individual is able to look about, he can deliberate as to what ia best to be done, and he ia much less liable to take water into the larynx or glottis. Without prejudice to the art of swimming, children should be exerciaed frem the tendeiest age in the art of paddling and treading water, ao as to impart oonfideooa to them. Even w;thout anv preliminary practice whatever, there ia nothiwr te hinder man, woman or child from beating the water with the hands and feet Just M the lower animals do, and so keeping themeelvea afloat tor a protracted period— a period that in a multitude of instances would be aufflcient to invite rescue and preserve life. The action of the feet alone will sustain the body: a fortiori the ~4u — il* — - —- « "— »....!,. .79 j,^- xiivxc rucvsu^. Ill uu3> na in msmT other things, man ia often unaware of hia own Unmeose oapadtiee. k.V 196 HOUE AND HBAtTH. ill i<^ i- f?'^'^;t,*^r„' rte" '"' -M «a ohm,. «• Wipe dry before dreST ll^f"'' '° *"• "»»•'• • ' "'•■ '•'' "»» «° i" -O'. thM o-c , d.y. crv.no, laughing and siNcrNo. "^ifs'T r "■' ""'J'-'ve through ^th^Uij «5S ^S* indulgo there n ThL ilJ^^""'"" «°°d health to tt'^^*^^' *°d body as it vi^i tl f ^ different impression tT«?*t ^ '''•' ''o^vul. r. or when mneb er that swimminii Jowing rules, re- u'd be observed : Iter eating • it i, lasted. It will "»ng, if you ara i chilJT. "7. r. «P08«th«b0d7 I. I'e experienced n curious how »nd sighs. A advantages of urffical opera- knd operations rho giire ^ay accidents and o betray such tells of a man 'X to sixty in otions. "jf fo into their n«ywill feel '8 and mouth echargea her al aithority the minrte "10 Wave'et »r, and also 8 innermost urface, and ersons who ^bly caused the convul- ans of tht i when the this reason lenifthes Crying, Laughing and Singvng. 197 his life, conveying aa it does new and distinct BUmulua to the vital forces. The Laughing Cure.— '• We doubt not the time will come," •ays another authoritv, " when nhysicians, conceding more import- ance than they now do to the innuence of the mind upon the vital forces of the body, will prescribe to the torpid and melancholy patient a certain number of hearty peals of laughter, to be onder- gone at statsd periods, and believe that thoy will, in so doing, find the best and most effective method of producing the required effect upon the patient. Our advice to all is, indulge mgood, hearty, soul- ful laughter, when the opportunity offers, and if you do not derive material benefit therefrom, charge ua with uttering false principles of mattria medica. " Physical Influence of Singing.— So many injuries to the health have been attributed by the purlio — and perhaps also by a portion 01 the medical profession— to frequent and prolonged use of the voice, as to demand just such a careful and impartial investigation of tho alleged ill consequences as has lately been made by a Russian author, and published in a German journal in St. Petersburg. Although the paper presents no very novel views, it is of value as shoving we result of his nxaraination of tVvo hundred and twenty-two singers, whose ages varied from nine to fifty-three years. These were ex- amined with reference to size, chest circumference, and breathing capacity. Among the principal deductions to be drawn from these examinations, we observe in particular that vocal training appears to exert a remarkably ])encficial influence upon cases having a tendency to consumption. Contrary also to the popnl .r impression, emphy- sema is not superinduced by this form of exercise. The following are some of the conclu-sions of the author of the paper. The circumference of the chest is greater in vocalists than in non- singers. This difference increases, not only with variations in size or age, but also with the number of years spent in singing. The Seatest difference between these classes is observed in the period of e immediately following puberty. Persons of consumptive and intemperate antecedents, have, other things being eqnci, smaller- sized chests. The chest circumference" is absolutely and relatively greater in singers. Intemperance checks the growth of the chest.* Not only the circumference but the chest capacity is greater in singers. It increases with the size (up to the average) with age (up to 24 years), and with the number of yearp of vocal training ; more of course in their earlier than in their later yearn. Although the chest movements are restricted in persons of con- sumptive habit, they are still more so in persons of equal age who ara intemperate. The pulmonary alveoli are not lessened but increased in size by wnging. Beth inspiratory and expiratoiy strength is clearly rented to'ihe'gKieral oonetituticmal condition. i' i IBB :%i , 1 m Ho^E AND Health. •'•«'«^dX%e%iiSi'«7.*^'*'° "°^«r-. «d increwe. with Mb tor Vocal Tr^iZTT^!-"^^^^ During the,; yM~ 11,., •"'*° "eventeei, „d KnTvl*"""' ex'Sd"? J,^".tP?^°« they i^^iSS wffii'!fLP?r<» ^ -M- d eipeoted from their aenior giatinr^K ° *" ^'^^nty never to ba d«na,this very perirZdlia'^dTelC""^" '*''*" ^''^-^^red OCCUPATIONS AND HEALTH mx*. «• ,. Mental Labor and uj^^^'n^l ^^^^'^T'^*- tion, 'I, sever. inteuJoSJfifJrr-^^^^flratlon.-To the aue« • negative answer mua^ be i JL„ '^<'<'™.Pat'ble with good hiffl r renowned Jeremy ^ntham 1 mn^*'!!' *° '""^'ratiVe cafe • Th, junsprudence. th'e auC S mo^tha^n'! f ^,Por«-ful^ri^r J^ waa puny and exceedinwlv f»«k!»T_ . •'«n«y-nve. In Mrlv i,;- u- -o-y --,..]. .« aeaiin, aad this conti^Md'f„ Oecupationa and BtaUh. 199 .how the av:mgetrgtTtroVp:rtu8^ aasures us that, as a rule th^«« ^f,^ » aifferent occupations, lectual pursuits hV^one^r thin thLf Vf ^"^''^ largely iriatei: Here are a few instances: "^^ ^^'' mentaf occpation. Benjamin Franklin 84 Sir John Hersohel '. 84 Galileo \ «g Sir Isdac Newton...'. **.* a«? Lord Bacon So All fu„„„ '° """" v^mncy Adams 81 ^-^ni^rTi^TUS^fr^T^. *^« ««* ™i«fat be indefinitely one of the encycloTdiasTnd Lt.S r*''\°i ^^'^^^^^ '^«°* t^^rough the greatest nfen Sf Srv ^^iA S^*«^'' °* «°« hundred of these men was T.Sol.'j^tjan^Jer^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ of some of the iSdJng occupatioS ^C^h^^^ f ^xf "»«« longevity 0? chusetts, and RhodrLland t1 ♦ k?*''*®* °^ ^«^ York? Ma^sa- care : ^''*°'*- ^^® **ble was compiled with great ?*;;ey 86 Voltaire 85 Baron Von Humboldt!.. . 90 Thomas Jefferson 83 John (^uincy Adams...,. 81 Occupations. Death* Uergymen 339 ^wyers 576 x'hysicians 540 Blacksmiths.... 822 Carpenters 2,052 Masons 592 Av'ge Age. 55-36 54-26 54-32 51-51 49-72 48-29 Occupations. Deaths. MerchautsifcClerkH, 2,386 Tanners 230 Cabinet-makers . . . 253 Shoemakers 3,233 Painters 500 Tailors 436 Av'ge Age. 47.46 47 90 46-34 43-03 43-37 41-08 snUs'lre^conSTLluh ''^'''r''^^'''''' m.ni.lj>nr. Creator has so wiseV made uathilT^^^^^ ***'*• ^"•^ of comparative freedom from mn^ 1^ ? ^^^ fol owing as the order of manual labor : "mortality in several different branches i-l'^""*"* 4. Blacksmiths, 7 Laborers 2. Shoemakers, 5. Carpenters, 8 mZT' • 3. Weavers, 6. SailJ^, '. 9! Bake",' f!««,« *..._.._ -_ 10. Butchers. ll I m fioMB .iND tiliAMtf. I'!; I >f if 8 Bakers ^ g.'J^ 7 Blaukamiths .'.V 35-00 4 Curriers ^SoO 4 Eugiueera ..V 45.75 o Lawyers.^ g^.^ .SS^'pSer '^ '^'^ -*"^ -«-^y -^•ged iu th« different p^ ''I Ji-^?-" ^''% I 45 Clerka ^^^ ^«- o9 Marines 30 yes^rB widowers, at the rate of 22 TOrl 000 n«r' *^® '*'« °^ 10; and years of age. married men S the rate of 7?''' ' ^"'^ ^'""^ 30 to 35 widowers, 17^ per l.OQO per aifimm w ^^ .^ ""'narried. 13; and maids die at the rate Til a nTm- /'"'"" ^0 to 35 yeare of a7e 1,000 per annum. A man Crrie7aT25 llTH ''^""ih^ ^^ « pS while an unmarried man at the 8n.mr -n ,^.*^® *» *he age af 65 60. A married wom^n at 25 wiKtJf f .7'" """/"'^ *« ^^^ ^e S that of 66 only. Less crime ircommiSedSv'' ^ ' *'" ' ""'""^"'^^ the widowed; and most by thoLXohav«nZ ** '"'"•'•'"^^ J "»«i'e l^y of females being married beZZZZ^l^T'^' .^^^^J^^^ces their probabilities of ever marrvinff • aTf 1? ' *'^® as 1 to 6 of all are one-fifth less ; at 25, tCt"Sless .^'/«.%°i ^^ the chances aU their probabilities are lost ' ^*^ *' ^0, six-sevenths of . occY^cl?*^^^^^^^^^^ of deaths during the fourth quarter. The oth Jtwo n?,'^ ?^ T^^^^* """^ber same proportion. ^Estimates vary as to ?'i« ♦^"'"^ '5''" °'*''^^ *'^« , most (feat^s occur, some claimiWth^ hLl t *""® ^^. ^^^^ ^^en the • St *^^ """St fatal, ind otherXm 6 a >J tolJi"'" 'iii'*"'«i'* *« « ^'M- fccu. oti and tl^. ^•t 201 the different ptiiU •A^8» Ago. 32-98 ' 24-35 34-40 3945 40-20 33-77 38-62 » 35-00 28-50 ...... 45-75 60-20 the records of f births to each some countries I cities. Fewer boys are born '8 to 100 girls ; 100 ffirla. In Wffirls. More the year than between mid- between noon sircumstances, 25 to 30 yeara 8 of 10 ; and from 30 to 3a "ed, 13 ; and years of at'e, rate of 9 per 'he age af (>5, to the age of he unmarried ed ; more by . The chances I I to 6 of all ' the chances K-sevenths of • »r of deaths llest number 'e nearly the ly when the fhttpOA.M. meatus occur II the deatlu of te^fi?L°u?rthf P«r^^'«' *»>« fi"t y«« the chance. Ru«J iSbirers mav^«^.i^f I r^ y**''' *"** then slowly decline w^TMnters T. 2if. L P^-' *** ^"'*'' °° *° *^«™8«' 45-32 years (/arpeuiers, 4a J8 ; domestic servants. 42 03 • bakeia dl .09 . .k^ maters, 40 "S? ; weavers. 4192; ta loTI 39-^. hVtlf sS l.T stone-masons, 3819 • ohimbeM %siq . ,«;ii „' °*"®"» ^°"' blackftmitha q7.a« V™ 1 ' ^^ ^^ » «"" Operatives, SSOli : QioQ i'*u^®^' »>ncklaye4s, 37-70; printers. 36*66 ' clerkV 34^99 ; and the average population, 39 88. ' ' h.,m.ntff"'""?*7'"^-**^^« '^"^«' ^he average yearly decrease of luman life out of a given number born, and the " exjectatbn of periodVlir*7h"Tf, °^ ''"'' P^.'^^"" 'nay e^pect't'o^^e aJa^y penoaol life. The table was compied by Dr WiMleworth nft^^ many years of intelligent research, and haJ j^^tly bSn7e^fa,ded^^^^ a_utt>onty by the courts in estimating the value of life estates : 1 .»»< "^ on o ears mals. I-:-*? ■S-=Ci S.'^-u ^-^3 20 «( 8 3.73 7 t( 11 7 <4 6 l.«2 6 i( a (f 1 <» 1 *( 502 <^6mb and Health. DWELLINGS AND HEALTH. Houses built upon a soil saturated with putrid moisturf ot unon «nt\X^\'eorr«^l ""' "'^'•^^ filthyVound? are notorio?^; unnealthy beoause such a soil, espec ally in the warm season evolves deleterious exhalations, and vitiates the waterTthe grS and the air In the construction of buildings it is also neSssa?^ to protect their foundations against dampness from underlrouSZ by means either of drainage or of a damp-proof ground flSr A construction conducive to a free and ample supplf of Sht and air w. then^ the main condition for a healthy habiE .however lari« or small, elegant or plain, the house ma/be, its sSubriourcondiS C^^' ^'r y«HS«*''«°«th. an*d undermine alUheglo^^^^^ SeveTouHfTthe'^f^^^^^ looks clean. tastefcl7an and wnenever you lift the hd from a kettle or saucepan smells clt>an T« InottL:?^' ""^ "^^'^ ^^'^^ --^ fi'*- ft.'^'S^retove 4* f.i!^n^**°" of DweUings in Cities—Dwellings which face on courts becauL'*^''' ^-^ '"^ ^ ^i^rved to those^whTch optintS IL !^ f^- '^'^ythe corner house, having the sweep of two streets well that^'LTbtn^k'^T^^^^^^ *'^^" «**^^^« '"^ *he b?ock It s no? Ts to s'mt onJ ^h« »• ""a ^"'«"'rg« «»0"ld so surround the rear court ^^i:^r'\^F2i^,^,::j:i:^ ^iu «ake agood dw^eKt ^Ja^f*'*'^'^ °"* Dwellings—Farm-houses or other srsS^nfrryrXfthet::^^^^^^^^ .iortinn^..P!r".^.J^."l'^-^f,^^ for the upper 9 ~ '■ - ''"'"*> " ^^'^^ ««"""« only makee that portion of ajpocQ I>wellinffs and Health. 203 brick-yard, iamples off.«, M ^ fi"««n ooncta. From • owSSn a half and el.vToJnc.. . ."nH f """^ pressed brick absortSl CaSd twenty and . hT«T;ig\ti™2.nte ^'"^ '^^^"Sp time. These resulta are .tSrS ?v! i^L?"**" «" i» **•• «MnS orhotuontal absorption aTfriiif Hril- "^^ ""??<*• thai lateral ent from that whiiprSiSdi o^wJm f^ "'"' f"^^ "»»«* di^" -ome proce.. of brick-mSg b.7onnd STt"".. '°°°***««* Cannot po«ed toeuna^inr AlaLbKnexti7«J!K"'r*^ •^ ^'iJ «■ •ne ounce of water, fo^r t^t h°Se? ol! £?f'°"°^?"°' *«»*i^« the. 14 I - 204 Home and ITuALTn, In A houM twing one litindr«d thouMnd brioki of t«n ponndt wefaht eaoh, which have absorbed the average quantity of water, one hun- "v., The covering of' brick walls with several coats of good oil paint also prevents them from imbibing moisture. The walls should be Brat covered with a thorough coat of sizing. « Cement is much Btronger than mortar, and can be used to great advantaae in many places instead oflime. even in the face of the fact that it is much more wst^ than lime, except in a ow favored localities where it is mada The usual proTOr^ tions are one part of the cement to fl. e of sand. lu pointing, the propofttTL •ometames M fow as three parts sand to one of the ceiient. Ctoawe. clean «Sd- «lmo8t pebble*-«Mi \h, usefi to the extent of three parts to one ofthTCTmlnt ^e ^.V!f-ri^'!lif.^LSS.''"°^*«'! to, set, and then wet and worked again -nTtacS i^„ „.., ^,5„_j wrcKCrarout, sriiscii a srrsawy mjured by such • HMtttod •< worklnv Dwellings and TTeaU7i. 209 damparo dangerous onemios to hoalfh Yf ; ,*- '^'ets that aro and engender a moM which on«nuo } ^,"'"' '''""*'^» «»•« damp bntal«o^herartSe.of SinTZ'T ""T^. *"'! «'^"««' slacked limo and put in a flh,ilL?^1 f '■ .1^'" "". '^'^'^ P*'^'^ o^ «"- absorb the dampness When ifchJ^ ' '" *''° 5^°«^'' ''"'^ '* will renewed. "^ ^^"^ ** *'^''«'"^» a"'t« damp it shouhl be me^??\t"ul^^?it"t^i^^JS^ eellnr, and ha.. material .; apparently thretnleaik^pritn tt T' '^''t and retam moisture, and not only rcLin Jd 1 i '^^ .''^T^ their porosity expose the imnuritL of fL l ?^ /'"""P' *'"* ^^ evaporation, and thns pollute th«„^r « ^ ° «^«orl)ed moibturo to cellar, and'hasLeni^damn l^d uLhnir"''''" "*';«••«:'«« ''^althy tight. ment or of -od.^^tSSrLafh'-are 1T:S^ low^nTnfe^tKJS^to^jX^^^^^^^^^^^^^ tHe M- from end to' end The sa^ ±^,1- i'"' *"\*''» «J'«-«'l-l over dry. The lime is sIaok^Tlt|S Vla^mTxed^S"-' '^^''"l'' enouch to cement it well tocethtr s,v ^ u ^'*'' J"»' ^■'**^'^ turo Is then put on tirbottom and S ' "'^^ '"°'^''« '-"^ *^« '"i^- is put on. coListin^r of one pTt ce en ^Srwl' '1' another coating also answerfor makins? the ffwTf . ^'^u ''^ ''*"d. This will "P directly upon^t^lr^^d'til J "^X^ '' ^^™""'^^ lar^e^roL'f TdelTp^S^^^^^^^^^^ contain a ing fruits and regetables ^hich live T fh •'"/^! ^°"P °^ ^^'"'^''^y' ga.es during the process of cTecay ^Thesl ..«'"" ^-^"^ *^* poisonous thcria, typhoid and scarlet fpv^v" „., i ^ases give ongm to dip!,. Air which is kept confinad and wifchm/i-*. ' ""'^ ""^""nt^d. foul air becomes noticeable InTlii' "'V^ ^"""''d as often as I»?H"l!Sf.S.^*J!ldKg°?'»«'« H.alth.-Dwelli„g,, .„a l^v* 206 Home and Health. taSPSoFS^i* i» sitting or.Sleeping-Rooms—Care .houldb. teken not to permit lar«e quantities ol ripe fruit iu our eittiua rooms ^l^^^'^t'^'' "V'^y'^g '^ *bo"* a elck-uhamber for aS? ieuLth tioni:' th?n* ««"»P'»'"t ^¥°1'. 8'>'"e people make, of a fS S^ ?ff-fnfiS *•*•. P'l^seuce of fruit, is not facdful ; tliey may be t^Uv I^^r^LV""^ *r ^''^^''T^ «bemi8t8 have sK^hatTS ST-^r^l**'- P^^^'^'^g' aPPK cherries, currants, and other fSS •ire subject to incessant transformation. At first they absorb oivJl? thus robbing the surrounding air of its vital elSt-iLnTf' ^''ira£te*.J'tharwT '" '" greater volSetaApu'rS af2?tiKnti:?tt?r^d°^^rV^^^^^^^^ ^ looked pool it mu«t be prev^Jt^LrSni any foul odor^*™!^? • T't' The out-door pnyy, if ther. is one, should have freo mc^sJ to th« wr. Exclude ^ rfops or rain-water from it If thweT odor f «.m It, use odorless diain^oUnts until it i> eopr-T*^ it* ^ , * *""" jnvy ktt|lt J.,,, p,Mid. with w.t«.aght wSS* bt^^T^ ^ Dmllx tnffi and Health. 207 l^SjS?o?te?trfi? |[^^*^T»^- S. Macadam FRqp fountain.heft,? o„^ °'*^ "»« everything thaf ?= J • a town or water is drawn • o!!^ ""f^ or other countrv disf ri/Ti f-^ . ® '<>""• .'Death in the Kitchen tulTL I °°"""' ''"1"'»»». buVl hava^^r n^'i'^*^^'"« again/ ThVrelr^^-A^-"^'"^ and see h \ H! (! I: I 208 HoMB AND Health, one faU four of them y/ere sick at one ti.no witii typhoid fevef Tl.ii doctor ordered tiieviueL'ar Uriels whit«w.i«l..! luili , "* forty cents' worth of oaJbolio icid h/ he7S^^^ t"""".' I went into the kitchen and nm.le grue ; I ^^i TliliK: i looked around and found several, a...r8ucir''m.r'' 1 W^^ doth "^'^Cf I'Y the daughter of the house Kt me IS! oioth blie looked around on the table. •• VVhv " sa^il -l!!. * *i was about a dozen hero this mornimr " and slip Lul • *t' *''*";" box and on the n^antelpiece^Z ffit irtttXS;^*^^«^r' > ^ said, •• I saw some ol-d blaok rotten rags lying around and I In,!'., thorn, for there is death iu such disholotlis af tho«« «n^ ^' never nse such again " I took turns attu^n'^ttt gmSy lllZf and^I behove tho.e dirty dishcloths were the^cause of aj thai hartl Therefore T say to every housekeeper, keep your dishclotlis ..Ino.. ove your lives, wash ontySurdisSths Let Ste."^ ** y"" your dishcloths Eat without I tlleXt' w2f ^ou J fece?andT:J terbuY'for nf '" ^ T^T ^°^ y^""- ^""I"^'^ S clke for you J te^but, for Heaven's sake, keep your dishcloths clean ^ lessness, ignorance, or poverty, do not aecarJtnr^th^^^ thou«hl. others the needed sanitary cond.tk) s Charftv the n^f r "^'^ u *^"" and the necessary incidents of nin^ ^harity, the public welfare. upon systematic prevention, instead of waiting fnr +haf i ^ u u disease always involves when it is arS S "h fte Ire'ct ' pelied to meet an epidemic hurriedly. If your autl.r , iH^., f i act move by voluntary as«ociatioiisf wl, ch^ s aU ex idb t't^^ and so compel action. TJiere is no waste so g^^eat as that o' tT ventable disease, which disables not only the f Xrr. i * \^^' tax on labor, capital, and life, mucHiore diief uufanTw^^^^^ t expenditure to prevent it. Eoidemics -Trp f^ l!« i awell-directfid greatest losses L from a chrEXtra^d s cknTsslie' whS has a permanent base of supply in prevalent un^TSJ^^Urt!^^^ .eo. xQ«i«uicd, AS tiiey flkould be aud can W ■ PublicTealth S SchooURooma and Ilealth. 209 ship, ana .State? TcVZ deire tW . r"' ""^ >?".'" "^ty- ^^^i. i.nnece^sary. it means hanlSm«rJV'^^ "VJ^ invalidisi.. i, .omtort am interest r^^ iro tLt w« ;?"^"^ ^'"""y "^°*'^« «' .i..nent3 which are wiJaSTe r^'n^^X-tyl^f oTrtrot" ^''^^^ foxtail grass ^ww SCHOOL-ROOMS AND HEALTH. /•LVor thi V ^'yf""«'"«. O"- ^"ghest schools, to 26-2. Ju the Hrst dass ot the Gymnasia more than half the pHpiU were near-sighted longed application in the schooLroom upon our Sal organs u-ranged light compels^s to diminish fhedi2ncebSLthr.^ and the book whilst reading or writing ""^""^^ ^®*^««» ^he eye 2, Light should be allowed to enter from the left sid« Tli„«,- ii»fS^ I><>"f°"S. .Again, light coming from brtM irenlirX • ^ tnerican Journal of Medical SeUnee, 187a Mil i w 129 Home and Health. 3. ^ho windows nl • a^h/cAi ■"au^..,^ •lona the left aidf «f ♦k'^'" '''°"''* '^ J""-?^ and hmi, k 8. The inclination of the dest «f »i • ,. , nant;' V^"^ ^'^^ '^l'"'-^- The hfe ;? Ir"**"?"^ oontiCed.' 1. Want of. or unmitoWo buki above that of the seat '^'^*^'' *° ^^ * '■■U. in a perpendicular line ' P^"^'""? Suiyeon In St Xboni^i' 9o,piw, l^dos. 'are of Chilu.en, 211 ^'r.i'£\^'i;^^^^^^ .«;;i thee boy., school, where the U ^r>' ' J""* such aa to i?Iow ?L V?/^""* '"''^ "^ ^^e thigha! S b<>a.vl. The desk ahou M be ^o llranliV* '•"'"'^ "P^'^ »^« f°'^ or otherwiae, a« to hoJd the b°.ok aS' ^^ r'"*."" ^^ * ^in^ed lap reading, an<| the paper at an an^le of "ot''* t ?^^^" ^'' ^S-'Vh.I.l i?erforiDod by the icholais * "^ *'^''«' "'''ting is being CARE OF CHILDREN. .„ffl •'^ "»*j , the first teeth appear S X' """^^ "P*'""^ """"o i. ■nfficient, diluted milk from A^l " **•? n^other'a miilc !• not lack. If ihe mother doei not na™«V''^K*'f.''''«'* *<> '"PP'^ ?ho •ubatituted. In such ms* thV^^t *'i* ''A''^ °«^'" ^'ilfe may be month, of milk one paTand ;a?ef t4«'" 'L^'^^-.'^u^ ^"^ *he lr"t teaapoonfal of pure augar to » hllJ J^**.?**^. with about a halt Con5enaed milk*^may bf "ed iJafead T^^! ^^ *•*• ^>'°**d milk Bhould be one part condensed m^fkoJi * ^**^*'** <^« the nroportioM ■hows this mixture to rrtheWf «**!*'??•'■*■''•*•'• Experience m.Ik Unleasadviaed by an expertnced nr*-"^"* *° *•»« ^^"^"'"^ ■hould be employed A« far „.P^"^"«ieu Phyaician, no " wet nnrae ' tonur.in,atWu,i.tt!rh^f^e^^^^^^^^ be^SeWlfij; Si1o-t^S^?^f;;rhf W^ ^'^'^ ^^ouU^ teething, the time ahould notTxten'l h " - ^°11: ^^°«P* '» "asc of terminate at the age of eigl"t monthS rlT^ *'?*' P.""*''^' *°d may »t oiice, as the alrjptness of ^Sch chanar "•""'"« "hould not cease It u well io wean the child first fro.?^^ ™'«^* P"^'^^ unhealthful. 2!2 Home and Health. It is beat that the early food be neither cold nor hot-" milk Warm" A lit f;.n^V''' "ir^'r ^'' ^7^1y.«easoned food shou d be Invcn. A httle tender meat fineJy divided, or a httle beef-tea may be Liven once a day, after the teeth /or masticating food appenr. ^ ^ Best Eule as tothe Exact Time for Weaning. -Between the de,.t.t.on of the four anterior molar teeth and the cianr. f We L an ntervalo sev.ralnionths. Thia interval is recomnaondod by thtt distinguished French medical professor and autl.or, FonssagriVes L the mos favorable time for weaning. All mother shoul J know this fact, and, when possible, weaning should Imj deferred until the oh/l,? has twelve teeth. This rule is i.lnitely better tiiLn Ly one ftS on age Forced weaning at the time of dentition leacUto d so £ of the digestive passages. Hence it is dangerous to begin weaS during a teething crisis. ^ wtauuig weteS'?hesf m^'f "1^' ,^,®^^« ^''^ Children-Later, a8 we 1 a«. eailiei these meals siiould be as regular as possible and tho children should not be allowed to eat 'MietwLn mS; " T ! Sra^*'l ''''^', '\' "''^•^ ^^•^•i"-^*'^ should the " eTbe given The habit of regularity cannot t(,o strongly be insisted upon And yet not one mother ,n ten observes this rule. The exe?cise o "a 1^ le care with a ittle common sense will early enable themother to arran.ae the plan of regular meals and keep it. ^ Is the Mother's Health Injured bv NuMinsr o Th« ..,t • never. Dr. Beard very properly savs- "'U^^}^^^', '^"^'^ '' that the constitution sXsS suckling vLvn '""' *" '""^r'^ improved health from perfonZg hi "n^ost f'^i^fnToraTl^^^^ Many very delicate fem^ales have^xperieiid truest effets^rom nursing their children ; and many of the complaints biSnf ! woman are removed or alleviated bv it 3! "^c'dent to nurshuj than at o ny other pZtil^^sSkJZL^^^^^^^^ '^'' f '" geueraUy more live^ and iaiform. S;%rp?r mS aSd m^oTe'veT and the general feeling more heahhy and pleasant than berJe " ' food which agrees best with the mother's health wl^?l»,. ■ V agrees best with the child's heal^dS^ tl 1/ ""^T^ ±« nfother'8 food should be ample twtespect o'fTuaS"^' ^^n as quality that which is best for the rotlS is tst7orlL ru •• Fap 18 apoison, the use of which senseless custom has cons^rated * ^ h;?;.HrSTf T "^"'••^^^^Iwith pap, but it has also co" the "vi of hundreds of thousands. The well-known Parisian physician Dr \andermonde, shares my opinion, that pap is the Stf^ fo: ren, the source of most of their maladies, tlieir deformitioa and t. And adds Liebig. '• The evil effect of the much-Wd ' nan ' , to chUai-.n, botJi iu th« gpimtry umU iu ir,wu^, tZ^klwu ■'4 to phymciang J for it is quite iutelligible that good cowa' milk is not unnroved but depreciated, because wheaten ffour. ouactSunt ofTts nif^7 °^ the nutritive salts, is a very incomplete Jort of f^^ Objection, of the same serious character apply to nearivalMbe kmds of artificial food which are found in common use They ether do not comprise the elements of food in proper or suffident auantitv Z adults. *''""^'"" "^ renderedUoat nu^gat^rb^Sio'n chmSM« ^ftSjf?5 Children. -For convenience, and to prevent wun tiie body except the head irameraed in milk-warm water Vf,r thorouKh cleansing this should bedone evei-y Trningand eter; ev^n & t?Z IX''' %^*^ ^'^'^J^^^ it3«".b"t it afso accustoms the hi If «; + ^vater- The warm bath «!)ould be used until one and a ba h /ho,Tl5 ^l!f " ""^^ ""-^T * '''?^ ^^^^ «J^«"ld be substituted the ScMd'a wUZ ^^K -^*- *^^''* "''.* "^^'^ *h^° " two minutes " xne cmia s body should be quickly w ped dry and ouicklv clnthfA No wet or soiled napkins should be allSwed to Smron the child! andffi^¥,^^"«^/<^'.9^ildren.-The clothing should be warn. then change not'fn'i'* '.""i l"t''«l'^« ^o"' ^r about six month " •Wf ^^5^Se, not to short clothe?, but to those half-wav between S^'^'^te '"*"'■ i*^^"?'« «,^"^ ^^'""Id learn to waTkf. ?o sToT It ii^.]l f ^'''■*«'°"''*>^**'^«"*'^l^«eP the feet warm and dry luValiays U w" "" '*"'^^' "'^^'^ °«^' *« *^« «^- '^^^^^ f-i?^J^fi?l®®'u®' pl»ildren.~The best-informed medical advisers skip two t*hirJ«n?.T 'r'''^' ''ijiWren for the first ShahS 3eS at hnn.- ®*'^''^' *''^ ''^"'^ ^''« b^"«^> ^nd nothti.g, neithe. toSSSo Seiinn® H ^* f ??*^«*, *°. Sleep ?-If the child be accu.. ' S^I^ rP- " 'I- * f'^ ^'^"^ "'« ^i"-"*. it will demand nothinrelst Unue^ Theft-" "^''^' ^^''' ^''' ?^P««"^«' ^i" ^e likely ? con- dren to ^Ln nf '^''"•" ".^"^ "'\« ''^»* *^^« ^'^^''^ ^^ rocking child- fl,!m ? 1 P' '*• ''a^n^'wg them about the room in order to entk • wiU KV.n'''P' ," ' S'""*' •^"- A *^hild with well Regulated hM' will seep much more successfully and pleasantly than in the ol I a i"T3ivT„.?'/"t'';^' r --y'"/- joiti/gin";;; tp' ; arms ivindly and tenderly, but certainly, put the child in be,l dlilZlhe arm? Vf^ 'T'^'^^ '"' ^««' '* ^'^ cries wfiih may 'oHiUle u^Sj"' ^'''- ^''^"^*^» '^^^'^"^ tosleepafternursing: I I, ■OME ANDHEALTar ^&J"^^.!l^.^^^?i!i-'^l-l.: S^niSST-- ----- fen-" -^ '^- «' thi. hM „?te„ S.SSm fi'" "«' •■"■« dry and Zt^"'J »? '» Alwavs. on />•-.«,.•.,_ r . . ' the feet Cf hi '^. ?^* ^-"? .' ^''^ if ao Jhe^H t .^^lf!^.f ^"' » Care of Children, m rtocltlnga should be placed where they can be dried ao as tn h« ready for future use at a moment's notice. ' ^ ''* ...•r^t?/?^®55"®^°'°^"dren.-They should be much in the ooen air, and for this purpose the " baby carriages/' now iar^elv iff duced into al arge towns, are a great boon to Society All v oW exercise should be avoided. Tosling up and down S i^t inl 1 * fhr;i,-r/°*''*^i' ?^P«.°'^"y '^"""g the^first mon?ha? In KnJ hoStli'^^orL!" *'^ ""' °v^^"^^«^' ^*«'-^^ be%Trf and 'mo"«? ?.?*"*^f °.' ^O'dials tO Babicp. -One of the best known t?a K I ^"^'^^^ff"! physicians in America writes : " Spirits eiren to a baby, or what ia much the same, drank hy ihr^^^^JT. foT,n'"ji'o:t':?Velr?^ and that con^nually " "'''^''^' ^'' ''"^^^^" ^'^ ^^"' «"d ««'y «-"- whi, Ki .■ if «*nd'e8 which are found in tlie small shops or compared notes "have concluded that one leadins cause of thi (^t„„ f *u^L. ^* "*^ been observed that children who are Ind bv [L°.i^T ^^^'\ ^"?v.*^' ""^""^^^^d ^»d put to bed by therT mothers *eve du'rirlhT f^ morning, and kept under a^ovln^ andT^n^ *^'/T r"°"''y '"J^^^^^l- «•"! Bouietimes c?i>pled, mS* caie fchevTr« S.°l"' °T^ f'?''""^''^ *''« negligence of^tLse in whoVe caie they are left by unthmking or unloving parents. OAmfsL?L^tf?.'*in, ^"^ Children.-The Boston Journal of eScse fun^lll Lr M ™"1 *>^^« «« abundance of out-door exercise, tun and frolic. Make them regular in their hahit« An!l feod them only on plain, nourishing food.^and tLywUl seldom ^ uown every attempt at play, fejd them upon rich or hiirh-seasoned ^tt; e^enin/a?? '*"- ^'^^^ /^em to A becween metu anTfal^ On Ilo « i ^' ""'^ ^""^ '^^'^'^^^ ^'^Psct them to have good anpetiteET On the contrary, you may expect they wUl be nale. w^lf 1*^^=1 1.. !' appetite for it; such • cours* is slow murder. If they have no I V ! 21S Home and Health. K'?i4°Sr««' '»^' '' -" "«. oo^a^a them ,0 taU, „,,,„,„ ni-g of hi, sixth year ""'°'' "*'">l !»'»« «>« begin- offences; and those who are nof Zi -^i*^ l' ®^««P* for serious . allowed to spend it in st' dy t no chlllTonl J^ '* l^^"^'* °«* ^' the school-ropm during «n ent re sSon Thf * -^J" ''^ *"'»fi"-^ *» t me should be fifteen minutes each session^n^"'"'™?''" <>f recess- tliere should be more than one recess in S "'^' ° P""**''^ schools 5. Physcal exerciqe BhnnUKi". ^'^^h session, und muscular fat^ and to're'U^^^^^ "ervnu. tramm?. It should be practTserSv both S > °^* *"' """*'"'*' «3very hour not broken by recess and «hli?''w*^'-*°^ ^''iMren in by^ir^ilrrw^tS^^^^^^^ means during recess and exercise t,W "^ '" *^*^'*^°° *« "PecS eaLlfyTlh?p^:;^,s';%ri^^^^^^^^^^^^^ to the average used more and the book less -andX^; "''i'''''H t''* »'**« s»,o^^ Be «a n^uch as possible on thi p^^inci?fe!!}^:"o?Sf trchtT'/.^ '' ^-- ^ ^ THE SJCK-ROOM AND HEALTH. ened and subdued, and not g W The £h? ± u f''""]^ ^'^ "^f'' large quantities. It is an element nf T 'i'?''^ ''^ "^""'"ed in account should be adniitted toTs laLn , T^"i"««'' «"^ on that bear without inconvenience As shown 1 ""*'"* ?' *^« P^^^'^^t can 8un-I ght has a direct aS powerful [Xn ^T'""' ^^^^P*"' the physical system, and oathis^Sunt al n "f ''''" «''°'^ "P»" the regarded as a prime necessifcv S, it ' *.' .P^'csence should be tP acreen the eyes, if th^SiL -S ?-> V"" l"'**'"^ "»*>' be provided ) take exerci*8« fchool — The ullv consider- of children, re the begin- lime given to «• and a half tools. ol— unless at school-room fully belongs 't for serious >"!"^>'' him 18 to get it over in least f im« tj, ^ uL, ^ ^''" '^^^^ fatigue to through the realfng T&ieZ:yl7J^''\^^'^ P^""«^ ^"'i g*»«P the conjurer, says that the wav In J.lf * ^'l **"' '"''**'^«- ««»din. it slowly. So ifis with reading th/ -• '^''^r'^'" ^^°''* '« *° *«» patient say to such a mTstS^ a ^'^^ ^ ^^^® o^*en heard a It me.' UnSnslusVTe ts J^re JU "^?, '* *« ""^ ' *^» plunging, the reading with ineS nact ^h'" ' "^"'^*' *^« instead of leaving it out alSh^i ,?**•' ^^'^"'ng over one part, bling another."^ altogether if ,t is unimportant, and mum' rea^flti^hif oi?A?„\io?'^^^^^^^^^^^ S^fS.^^^} ^oice-If the himself, or finds he has ?ead^the wron/^^^ thl' >P? ^^n'""^ "P *« the poor patient's chance of mff ;^ff»^- ' *Tr " ''. '" *" over with how'to r^C to the sick -very few r?.T^i J^'^ ^^ P««P'« ^"^ow they .peak. In readme thiv ITJ^t "'"^^ ^ pteasantly even as thej hurry, they m3 • XJ ?n^'«*^Y- ^^''^^' **^«y stammer, thing.. jfUdingSto^ro s?ck oKr",^ ^^'l ^^ "**"« ''^ *•»«»« and exceedingly*^ distinct but nnf ^J? A-'^'^*y' ^ ^« "*h«' "'ow, but not sin8-s?/g f SS bud, but not^ois^ ' "''" -onotonou.,' Tht:?t?i,5fn\?^^ab^;y t?d^^ t^'Sf?,'"tf^ Paragraphs- reading aloud to the natifin/fnt / i. "^ ' ?®.'^ '° * eick-room, and exceedfngly thoughts W^^^^^ Z^'^'^u "^^''^ ^"1 amuse him. i. is thinkifgof duS. hffl gans of nonM"'?- * 'f '^'^ *^'°^' **^« P*««nt the patient amuses himL?f^uno„iLf^'°^: ^° y°" *^'°k that the time it pleases you to Z on 1.^ ^'°l ^^'^^ *'^*'^ ^o' P'-^^sely attention is ?eady for sometMn^^ir .'°^ *? T""'"'^' «°^ ^^^^t hi, you to bedn reading Sii/\tetherT«'n'^ '^V^^ ** P'^^«» sick or well ; whether hfbe doin j^wt- P^*^" ^^""^ '•^^d to be while being thus read to th« «^f^i '^*''i-^' or doing something else of theners?n who does, t is equapfdTffiPurtr^ vis^1.%?^SS5^SgSth^^^^^^^^^^ A person sometimes h^TlZh u^i!^l"''°'''^'^^^^^'''^-^oom, control it, or meUow it wLrif LlTi^T ''°'*'®' *"** **'"««*» *<> The «ck Mmml; Pm1..L i-fu.*i"f#. '* "^ *he presence of the sick. ^, ,.,,„,,^ ,„^. rog^ij ^^ ^^^^ ''thundering" The Sick-Soom and BeaUh, TIT read to thorn* n. eye-patienti here is any me- )e read to have evers, or where ling to reading reat diffidence, is sparing the s reading, or if e done slowly, least fatigue to inge and gallop ike, Houdin, short is to tell often heard a it to me ; tell regulate the 'ver one part, nt, and nuim- Jice— If the to read up to all over with people know antly even as ley stammer, aone of these rather slow, monotonous, ragraplis sk-room, and muse him, is k the patient II think that for precisely and that his le it pleases 8 read to be nettling else observation I — although sturba him. :t(indants or i sick-room. 1 forgets to )f the sick, lundering " ■^ on a > and j.ird to •« him. and his enort to lay hold of some precious instruction and spiritual eomfbrt perhaps from the minister, which he strives in vai?t"^dSn^d A httle care upon the part of the speaker wUl enable hi^toSSsi his voice so aa not to tax the nerves of the siok miui XtfnfflS w of very great value under such circumstance. ^'^""ctoew Great Tenderness of Manner Reauired—A ,. bed of sickness must be treated with a Jreat deal of Z ±tf '*'° '^ ''^'''^ *° ^^''^^ ^'^^ '"^""er, as well ' ^^A^f ^l "^^ Pleasure of the instruction which -, And If a truly consistent Christian comes in to visa .. m and hi. difficX hf^ln"^; t' ^^^ ««•"« ti"'^. i« »o distinct that wiThout wS be oiite d?ff«r?^ T^^ word that is spoken, the impression wui De quite different. He says, when faia instructor is aone '• Oh what a nice gentleman that wis I How soft and Aentlf hS vS iZllT^ r' r t" "^ ^''^'^^' "^^ wTthoJ; th^e leist dffficuUy exh^Z^ Move a Patient—Sometimes, when patients are greatly to Kr 3^;^ -^r ■*''^® .sargical operations, it may be dangerous to bring them into a sitting position, but they mav be ml^fv^ riace the head of one bedstead against the foot of the other Having procured two hard-wood pofes, six feet long i one and a &H°*'''*5 i? diameter, place one on ^ch side of thrpajfent near tt« -tol the sheet on which he rests, and roll them firSy "nto S^„?J ** *5 '''*^'" ."« ^"•^^'«« 0' *he patient's body. Two nersous •hould stand on each side of the bed, facing the two on the other s de and grasping the pol^ firmly with botf hands, aerated awJ eighteenicches apart, they should first puU firn ly^aiSt each .tretche'i Thl '^'1 "" ""^^^ '^' patient^lies is co'^vS nt^a •tretcher. Then continue to puU, and lifting the body horizontallv and moving downward together, they easily ^deposit the Sent n the fresn bed, without danger or suffering. ^ ThV sheet on wS he has been moved can then le readily slip%d out from b^ulth tL Sin Se right T:?"^ ^'"^ '^'** "«* * *^^'« «*" '^^ ^-« -t- Heat and Ventilation in the Sick-Room —Where thr. entire dwelling is heated by a furnace, or by «telm^i will nrobabl- Ij unnecessary to have oth^r means of warni^7t™e Ik-roEm^ t^^t th« fire-place should be alwava open, and keut ,Lhv fnrVwo^d or a ijii ratp "fWS AN! H\\ are ne«Iy perfect when suppliS lit" IVooS^JJ'^Jf •''••{.,''»» summer, and will uot be tof stCs for ^L .nJ iT''^ ^^^^ °^ often be fouiS saEut OnTerv n^l??"*^ '"'''" *^^ •^'»"<»» ''"l entire change of Se^e^al^rmesL^h'^l '^*^'/l ?\y *'"»* *<> *° the window? for a f^w momeut^ at a Sm« ^' "^^^^'i-by r»«ing aU .ustbe^tborou,h,,p.^^^^^^^^^^^ tha??.*5ea"ul&^«?el^^^^^^^^^^ »Phorum than in the sio&oom Cleafit *. '? '17*"''! ™«^« imperative out any infecSi disease Srti^I?.°^^^^^^^^ "**'»? degree/ In enforcinTSdinesa i^ S' sick ^T^""' ^° ** T^^'^ the patient's bed, the pat ent's bodv f hi n.^ '" "^^"V,"* ^^^'^ *« veasels, etc. In the m°de sick .onM^V. "u"*',?*"^ *" utensils, beds of eqnal height oTeatrouCl^^ h^^^^^^ '^'^ "^^"'^ low head- boards, ind Sute^y f ri W%jVlh *^ '^^'V °»*"^^^^^ ' way of canopies Tlie n^tiPHf %r;o!Vi. u*^^ abominations in the mght and aSoTher i^rtlen^Z7 * In" thr^,* ^'^'^ t^I""' *»»« made bed, covered with on« «C** u . nw>rning the freshly- which i^^z:nt::%rd:^ifti7n^^^^^^ - easily be slid on the same levX tn\ i*r • ".'* Ji^e.patient can mattress and beddinfu™ the bed va^^^^^ T^" taken into an adjSnfng room wheie wi?h'^«''" ""^i*** "P. quietly ^oVtK^ghH^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ - -m. or a part of air 18 .j.ee/ there i. but little drea^d to be fe^t '*' **' *"" ' '^ *^^ by^'dilution and free cfrculS Jf 'a?r '' '''"**' *"^ '^^'"•^"^^l The Sick-Room and MeaUh, '" ~^ — 32i^ isolkted! """^ ^^°"'^ ^^ restricted to the sick-room or otherwise nif nS>!,Tfii''"*^** ^HT^ 'f commuuicated by both tlie poisoned "uJlSytScS?"' "'' '^ *'' ^^°""^ *"*^ otfer articlcs'used or a„"i"^f^^/*?^P**«^",' ^^^^''^ *^^ sick-room, it should be purified auddsmfected. Bod evcrythiny that M-id admit of it; saald al utcusiis; scrub tl.e fioors ; whitowash ceiling and walls. Emptv dayTiwr''^^' ^'''"^ ^""^ ^""^ '''"^°^' ^P"" ^°^ ** '«»«* ^ be"fSPof*H^*i Q^ali*ies of a Good Nurse—A good nurse will doc son ^h^w-n h^^"''*'^ '^?'?^^'^^ by gentleness^ombined with soaVun' ?f T," ?^ "''"'^ "^f '"^^^ '^ "0 «"« «««Pect3 that she r. Z^Lt: V K^® triumph of supremacy to become unconsciously 717^ vlt'^^T '• ."".' *^^'''*"'" '"^-^^ ^^««^^»i *''»" in a 8ick- i^^" ^- ; 7 ^® ** ®*"'*^ '" ^*« genuineness the sufferer is never contradicted, never coerced ; all the little victories are assumed, it ,« fr,?i"7i ""^-^ '^ ^^V^'^ peremptory, never loud. She is distinct, It 13 true-there is nothing more aggravating to a sick person tliai a whisper-buc she la not loud. Though quiet, she never walks on tip-toe; she never makes gestures; afi is open and above-board. bhe knows nodiplomacy of /Htm', and of course her shoes never croak. Her touch la steady and encouraging. She does not potter, bhe never looks at you sideways. You never catch iier watching She never slams the door, of course, but she never shuts it slowly as It she were cracking a nut in the hinge. She never talks behimi it. She never peeps. She pokes the tire skilfully, with firm, judi Clous penetration. She caresses one kind of patient with aeuuine sympathy ; she talks to another as if she were well. She is never m a hurry. She is worth her weight in gold. «.?f^®"*y°^®?^®^8'^«86S*i0»S to Nuraes. -Be scrupulously neat in person and dress. *^ "^ Bo cheerful and buoyant to the last degree possible. A few drops of hartshorn in the water used for daily bathing will remove the (Tisagreeable odors of warmth and perspirutien. iNever speak of the symptoms of your patient in his presence. Ilemember never to be a gossip or tattler, and " always to hold sacred the knowledge which, to a certain extent, you must obtain of the private alfairs of your patient, and the household in which you *J'^^t^^^}^\^^ ^^'f^® ^'^"^^^ *° *'^« servants as possible, and make them feel that you have come to help them in the exti'a work that sickness always brings. Xever contradict your patient, nor aigue with him. I,y| * Good Uealth, ■IS ;i 11 1 1 ■Hi 22^ Alcohol C *^''*'""'- *'^'» ""UTH. komnt to the h^ ' • •""°''' lik" opium m3 ^^fT"" ">« that it .rresto di^eshtt' 1' '™ P«vmt tt, wlt^A "''«1>«»' «d rit., h^^^r&4? rrr^'"''''' ''"^-^^^^ be well enoaglT, stinct voice, o.i 5 detail* of tliu kdful Crimea or 1 as to time /o. I as fe«r words arkened. supplies froiii and buatliu^r ?ty and was!. I. d by his Sid ■ le interval, ia »pt' Where the to help our h to perforn. I Saviour. in this C017. f this quet. he higher Insiou that >8tanoe a!;- « alightef.t tissue, but cularforc.i le drinker at alcohol lent; acd •. Ed war I is ejectc.l 5 trace of "efore, no I the con- Alcohol and ffMlth, MS RJrK;.**M^*^^^"\4 ?rof Sillimaii'f Testimony. -.Pi-of. HJJliman, M.D., of Yale Medical Institute, quotes Dr. Richardson's oonolusion on this question, after thorough investigation, as follows* Speaking honeatjy, I cannot, by any argument yet presented to me, admit the alcohols through any gate that might dlsthiguiiih them as wpaurate from other chemical bodies. I can no more accept them as foods than I can chloroform, or ether, or methylal. That they produce temporary excitement is true, but as their general action is quickly to reduce animal heat, I cannot see how they oan supply ai.imal force. I see clearly how they reduce animal power, and can show a reason for using them in order to stop physical or to stupefy mental pain ; but that they give strength, that is, that they supply material for the construction of fine tissue, or throw forco into tissue supplied by other material, must be an error as lemn as it is wide. sprsad. " Alcohol not the Source of Physical Force.— The authority quoted above adds : " The true place of the alcohols is dear; they are agreeable temporary shrouds. The savage, with the mansions of his soul unfurnished, buries his restless energy under their shadow, ihe civilized man, overburdened with mental labor, or with engross- ing care, seeks the same shade, but it is shade after all, in which, in exact proportion as he seeks it, the seeker retires from perfect natural life. To starch for force in alcohol is to my mind equiva- lent to the act of ssarching for the sun in subterranean alcom until all is night." . Similar Testimony from Others.— Hundreds of testimonies similar in their teachmgs have been given. "It seems doubtful," says Dr. T. K. Chambers, " if on the healthy nervous system nlcohol IS ever a stimulant, even in the most moderate dose, and for the shortest periods of time." In another part of his work, on " Renewal of Life," Dr. Chambers says : " It is clear that we must cease to regard alcohol as in any senae an aliment, inasmuch as it goes out as it went in, and does not, as far as we know, leave any of Its substance behind." Dr. Edward Smith, F.R.S., asserts that "alcohol is not true food; and it neither warms nor sustains the body." • Does Alcohol Help Digestion ?— Alcohol is said to increase the Low of the gastric secretions when used in moderate quantities, and so to promote the digestion of foed. The limit, however, to its acting thus is a very restricted one. If used in any quantity it r.ever fails to irritate the lining membrane of the stomach, and so l>roduce the very opposite effect to that stated ; a small quantity, however, soon loses the effect sought as the amoimt is increased; the deterioration which over-stimulation is certain to induce is brought on, and the terrible indigestion of the tippler is established. •AwoHoii A» Ak^sthbtio.— In a paper upon "The Use and Abuse ot Aloo nohc Liquors, "iJr. w. L. bciieack supports with cunsiderable abilitr tlisldea that fiooboi is neither a f9o4 nor a stimulant, but a true snsstbetigL h i. 22i HOMB AND HeaWH. ' i: :i ■ ' ! 1 ...tinlh. long run of °"i iKCnX'Tl' •"'' '''"■''•'"'■°»' «r:*a r^:r,r'W, ..rr™-;.:^ !?»;?='/s :;rrnJsib-i-L''i."r4^^ i .r.,soninK-is taking alcohol Amon^tL^T '',?'"?"' '^'th W^^od »l»ohave undergone serious otraK "Tn^ *""^?;« *™ '"''"y l-eople. I mention this to show that whfl«T T7 .''l^ ?"<* '««b»« ise of alcohol in certain cases, I am b^t ff. ^^f'^^^^fy defend tha rration in the usual practice of my professbn '•^''*° ^ '*" *^'"'°''" ..f»i?/?^^^^^^^^^^ '^hat IS what will recuperate our mti?n Wn^ " T'^ '""™''»ted. Mas. It is the want of th'is power of M,imih.f?i ^'^■'"H^. *''«''• "^«« requcntlyin dealing with direase «^^ M f* "" Y'"'"'' l^affles us so .'rtspring of previous^^intemperance.' " " "°^'-«us ,n warning persons against ?KreW~^^ St mulant is prescribed fn the sfck J^m n^. ""• ^^'J'^ *°° "^"'^h .nends told to " bo good to the patLt^'^V Occasionally one hears ^D las system/' or to "'stimuKh'rfreefv *' ^^^^ ludicous instructions should ever b^Sn 'but^h^ "'** 1*'' *"^ '"' scrupulously laid down, and care takef th«; ?f • A ®'^*°* Quantity nervous, wom-outpersons w,7;ut a Jert iberlnt'''''^ *°; >^^'"'' any mere general uirtruction and%h«« T, ' 'nterpretation on Jood is nellected for alcohd-fiy -Onrh".!?^' *° ^^°°^«'- *ha? to this intolerable deal of sack » Nev^rfii Pu"?^'^^''*^' ^^ bread fche stimulant to be keptinSesickSZ fc. fH^""''''"*''"'"^ to be consumeo in the twenty.four hours hi Uf PT°''® ^'"°»«t ^?^^"^^n%''fS^^^^^^^ that alcohol has a rashes to that vital organ, and makes theTeS".'"*"'.*''" «>'«*«'« »* M assault upon life. ^If the ^^Z^ ^^^ jower- 4Sn"?o"SL!^?^:jr 'RSarh^T"^^-'" *"fl-^ professor of surgery assured his class tSh^. "1!*? ,*^ ^'^'^' A a drunkard in the rfark by passinJth!. H?« '^'.^""Jd tell the brain of , An agent classed ),y alfficSlts w h J"^n "'^'•*''''°"g'^ '*• an affinity for the iJain so Sf tlfat if .rf '^Z"'''""' *^«* ^^ channels of the circulatinn hnf Vi \ \ " crowds not only the cannot fail to prod ice s^rro^sdi^tlnnf^^ ?^ ^^' ^'^^^ ^tse't thought. And facts ag^^e ' B a^'SaLs" *''\^«J'°^te organ of paralysis, apoplexy, epilepsy, andinsanftv frl "*'^*' congestion, by intoxicating drinks <■/.« ?;„:?„. '"!'2."1*^' *'^« oa"sed or as-i^ravated i .ii Alcohol and Health. m /«^*'*?^?^*° ftheumatism.-A writer in tho B,Hi«h Medical Journal tliusa lua«a to u OiacuHu, uew iu uame if not new iu ex- perience, lu this country. 1. Alooholio rlieumatlH.,, isti.c result of a cliHtiuot cause. f. It la produce.1 by dinikiiig alcoholic b«vcra«cs. d. It IB Hlvw m eff.cting a umrked cl.ai.ge in tiie sybtciu. 4. t does not usually appear b«forc -niildlH l.fe. fl«?d/uklurtheSenr' '^ '''' -««-i«tiou of the alcoh.lio 8* TlmTmlfr"^!" ."^ structure and produces clironic alcoholimn. drLs and rS " *'^''*'"«""« ^roni the use of all fermented alcoL^iio aruika, and taking viijorous exerci«« in the open air. naS?J^,f^H°win"° ^V"^« Cause Apoplexy. -It is the essential to the brah Thl fi""^. 'Pi"*' *? ««"^ ^'^ iucreaseU auiount of blood formof ahohr^nS* '•' f.T'K'','^ **^^'"« « glass of wine or strongVr the brain InHjJ^* T'^"" '**« "^ '*"«• ^*^ '°^'-«»««« the activity of fm-n I ' •* J^?'"''? "**^«'"' «n^l «o »loes the tongue. But suppose 8uSr?arr^aur„"t?H"'*";;:^V *''' •^'r'^ *« ««»* t« *he brain so fast, in have to en?ar^« f '' **!''* '" r^"'' *« ""^l^^ »•«"»» ^'^^ ** ^^e artenes thevmsaaJSn^tir'''''''' they increase in size, and in doing «o the bFood out n? fli^ '■ °" y,'*l^*"« *"^ fl''<=<^»'l v«'"« which cany the result b^ini t !f /h '"m^'I '^"' ^""''"«'' *''^i'' «>==«' their pora.. the brain fSjl^fl -^^ 'l'"*'' '« °°* «"ly ^'''•"«^1 to the arteries of leavin J t ^t^fT '' 'f ^'l'*^ ^'^ he^lthf ul, but it is prevented from n Z?atio^ A ri"'"*^ '' ^°r *^'^"^^« ^•^t of causes of death are few hours or in J? ""^^ ?"°'' ?>°"«h brandy or other spirits in a lew hours, or m a few nanutes, to brin« on a fatal attack of apoplexy. veJJ''«S!if^ii'i?aiftW.^^*°^°^ Suddenly and PuUy.-It is a Sand /-J/Wrnri- I *•*'!'*' "."V'"'' '" withdrawing alcohol at oncemajuUi/ from inebriates. Indeed, this is ceneraUv thp onlv Jml thom^h >*•* he absolutely forbidden in any form and quantity. fir,L iT* 1 ? "°* ^^l"y sangume as to succew in the case of cof. rn STicSrii: ^:Xn'^ "'^""^ enJoymentr^^U tSp^t^ AkSd"-?^ tKS^ Especially Promote Abstinence from ^raSce ;;d ^t ii i hi?"Y''"?" ""*y ^'^ '""''h to promote tcT irected bvlLteJf f' ''^'r i ^" ancient ™r whth hrd'^ifeu ©rectea b/ the self-aeayinif 4*icJaontsa of the earl^ Mtiu Oue a£t«r !•;' !'■ 326 ^OMB Aim HBALfH. ^n, Teulictt^tf^u^'^ P'*«ct'8e their divina »rt . a • «-e, indeed. nob^Word i^h"^ ^''' ^""^ Pr^olTTf^t'^^ir'^ aiciaus of Lonrlnn "'gnea by three hundrpH «f *i. ,^®/O"0wmff •A* it Is believed iw*i. . ""^ J Mt before Belnjr ai^ Annly convinced th.* ♦,, moderation ia the iw^^ Oepive Burrows, MDFR^^P and gradually intrc^u^X^^^''' P'<>Por lltnitl «*0jJ»n ExtraordinarV to th«?;;.^'"'^"^'^"' "^ 'he R val CoMn!^!''^'^«2' ^^nipenwice^ "ki. r<«»roh«f' """■'«<"'«■• conolu™„., whiSj'had re'Tctd dkohel and Eealih, 227 n^ini'pSffid e^!**"" *^ "^'"•^ ^" • "••"^ -ff«rt, bat 6. Tb« sympfcoiM of intoxioation ore due to naralvaia of tha «-«, nHnvi-®^^"*,*^? Comparative Expectation of Life for *ape«wwion Of Life for temperate aud intemparate persons :— ^ Ten.per.te. Intemperate. Lobs of Life. S S:?^r'' iSV^'- g:?^??'- JJ 28« " 11-6 •« n2 •• w 14-8 •• g«9 «• g.^ ,. tr:;s .";?55i"'?'.r«*'°8.'»'j '?''»'ing «.» i»„^ -- — 1_ „„^^^.,^^ «cmci3, ;;au rooronauw 17 " •• Among professional men and gentlemen .. is .. Among females .!..!!!!'"" 14 « • Ja^I?* be noticed that professional men addktedto strona drink, •w shorter lived than drinkeri of other pursuits. * ^ 228 Home avd Health. AhlToI^lfX'?^^^^^^ Lives-While the liquor-drinkers to be mncuSs than fT^^AT'^^u "^ ''^^ "^«« of are occasional instances 5 which even A-" ^' ^^'^^""T"' '^^'^ ag«. Certain physical conrtitnHnn? i '"temporate live to old functional conditfon of the y em so "S transformed in the abnormal way, enduring, and even ;nWinf„*l'^ ^'^« °"J" «» cond.t.on. Some person's seem to enioTbeS- LKr°""' ^f ^^'^^^ atmosphere than out of it Their l3ilaK i*^ "* * malarious formation of "acclimation/' I rexSonarcZ^'^ '^' ''''^' survive even to old age. The averLe hi™ ' «"°h persona may direction. No man has a riXt t^ZT' ,'?°^°Y«r' « "n the other spective list of exceptions ^P*' ^"'"''" '» t'^" «"»» Pro- th^S?°l!e'J?^^^^^^^^^^^ now well-known msanity. Dr. George H. Klac leodVR S F^ P ''•"°"o' ^^'''^^ ^^ ■Surgery in the University of oEoi »«/« ' "^^^'-"^ Professor of he Queen, in an addressrtSS,^^^' 'l"E'!..'° ^^.^--^ *« persons. their^^UreSrnTall^^^^^^^^^^^ take a complexion of th^ir own frnm /.^ u L'-.^^* «nfrequently The low vitality, the Suntedgro"^trtT^*,J^^^ **>« P^^««t« seizures tlie Mrcicephahs, f^d „ Jmerois^^ "P"«P*'° on^f^iS.t%'eTa^*^i?.I^^^^^^^ -itea more atrongly that spring from driving UrituTnsanJ'V "'** ^l^^^ ^'^'^'^ liable t<, become heredi^ar^, even £ the thfrd J'"*"*'-'* "^"^''^ ^-^^ g^reas.n«. ^^ the cause b^e -ti^uet tSllhfrurfccS^^^^^^^^ thfaZS^o?r^^^^^^ more pitiful are wlucfi signify to the herediSry drunkard th!"!"'*^"'''*,"?*? ^y-^Ptoms passion. •• r knew in T«y.« » .»„l "_*^^, *^« 'l^^^ of his inherited approaches of madness than are th?, icn signify to the hereditary drunkaM fK« i ^ .7 -^ "•*'""■"» - 8ion. •• r knew in Texas »Lv«»^f ^ 'j°"^' °f h's inherited who waa heir to such a wofu'l heXge HeT^"*' • ",^ y«""« '""^^ handsomest of men. and possessel ^f 1 f ^^^''''^"y o°« <>f the which he had carefulljr cuSted Lf^* *"? ?"«^ talents, country with distinguished braret *nH *''lJ'^ ^'^ ^^''^ed hi; position of trust and honor ^' *"** """ ''^^^ ''oW"»« a high matt^thr hV;tt*7rr Syjt^^^^^^^^^ ?T *<> •^-— the woman he loved-a craving fort dv 5h f''"""^' ^^ *»»« ^'^^ o^ * 'Tv^thret J'^^'i^'-^^ittmSn^ ^- like *u^ 1^^'*'' «ft lips and desoairin^ f«^« he Ci'^ ^ i . f< ^es.~While the 5 of the lives of Jstemiouq, there crate live to old sformed in the live on in an sonoug physical li in a malarious pgone the trans- ich persons may is in the other the small pro- low well-known irious forms of ius Professor of in Ordinary to > the treatment ng a taste for 01 intemperate b unfrequently f the parents. f, the epileptic ^•bid conditions ! progenitor as more strongly 1 the diseases 'd liquors are ion, gradually i becomes ex- ore pitiful are )od symptoms his inherited a young man lly one of the iried talents, ad served his olding a high le to him— no ^y the side of aed him like er to a friend —not as men ikoning— and craving was Alcohol and Health. 229 appeased. Some one was one day praising, in his presence, his vast htores of acquired information, and his delicate fancy aa an artist. " * Yet I shall die like a brute,' lie said, sadly ; and the despairing look of a hunted animal came into his eye, as he added : * iVIy father died drunk; my mother, too (God forgive her!); my grandfather xhot himself in delirium tremens. You know, boys, how poor Patrick died ; it will be the same with me. ' His prophecy was too soon fulfilled." Oreat Peril in Using Alcohol as Medicine.— There is always a very great risk in prescribing spirituous liquors a? a medicine, to be used even in small quantities. The history of many a young man iihows that, insiduously, the habit grows and the appetite becomes intensified. Multitudes die annually because of the tyrannical power of habits formed while using alcoholic stimulants as a medicine. Pliysicians, surgeons, and nurses cannot be too cautious in prescrib- ing alcohol. Sad Results of Prescribing Alcohol. —A pUstor furnishes the following narrative : " Some time since, a person who had been for a long period in feeble health, but was of excellent moral character and amiable disposition, recovered from his enfeebled state, and was able to resume his calling in life. It was found, however, to tlie dismay of his young and lovely wife, and to the bitter grief of his friends, that he was rapidly falling into habits of intemperance, and at length of open and shameless dninkennesa. Ho entreaties of those nearest and dearest to him seemed to be of any avail to stop his dreadful course. " As the pastor and friend of his family, we were apprised of the melancholy state of things, and besought to use all the influence possible to reclaim and save the sadly-erring and falling man. His business wm soon neglected, and at lengtli given up : self-respect was lost ; V4nt, that had never been known in his home, beian to be felt. For a long time now, never had he read the chapibr, or bowed the knee in prayer at the family altar, as had been his custom in the early days of his happy married life ; and never now did he come to the house of God. There was an entire change in the cir- cumstances and kabits, disposition and character, of the man. Fruitless Efforts for Recovery. — "As requested, and drawn by a fond desire to do him good, and bring gladness and hope again to that now sad family, we repeatedly saw and conversed and prayed with the chansed and unhappy man. When free fram the influence of strong drink, he would freely talk with us, at times confess his folly and sin, weep most bitter tears, and make promises almost with the intense earnestness of a desperate man, that he would never touch the accursed drink again. And as we would bow to- f;othcf in prayer for the grace th»t alone could sustain in keeping roni the terriMe evil and in doing the right, he would add his most emphatic ' Amen ' to the petition. Yet, ere lokig, he would fall again M low or lower than before, and thus continued reforming and retailing, and becoming more and more the utter wreck and ruin of himself antil lit length he died a terrible death. t w 230 Home and Health. »u«^yY&«rSff^^^^^^ what wa^the that we often pondered, ^datll vlf .™*° \ • ^'"« ^'^ » questioa •cconnt of it from himseirhe one dav S "•*'''''? '^'^ "«"« time .S Up to the time of my lone dLnnS V^V^ substance as follow"" war, biic beeaase I could not hnll^'+v. * !*• ^1°* '"*™ "7 particular would do my -yst^m^od f sJ*:; S.ta^,*3 ? ^'^ /A* ^« '^''^•^^" >t. The effect seemed benc^oiftl 1^^ **l'*' ."^^ ^ ^egan to drink tanue to take it. ThVreruCTi I LZ ^^^'''T *«^^ ™« *<> cT findmg It exhilarated me 3 madi ^^^Z^'* gradually wore off, and willmgly took it, and afLJVti?ne »«?/?*' u^2**«'' ' "oreand more and eren longiifff for th« In3 ** T""^^ '"^'^ forward with pleaaurl thus it went on?' but • Jli^r'"**?!^*'"*'" O"" ^o^r- for takin ^^^^^1 indeaorii^ble^^^^^^^^ awfn, p JI^^IJ; -J Jo« see the begmninff and h«« t '^ "*'S^ *«" you any more » J. have tned !~but I cannot Th/X.' ^"^ *l°^y ^"o^" how hard .|mes with «, orerpTw^rimr ^L!lTr'^''l^''^ "Pon mo I? •^t w'T'* h. nisheTfromleTSi.*"** ^ '"'^ ^"^^ '*-^ "^f> I -dfe«teut^/3lX^.«'"«^' "*' -^ -- *»•• *^oughts ^A^^^^ o^«?Jl-°SSi;;ft*s;V"f -^'^'*' -^ -- ^est Indies sought medical ftRS^ofDr^' * ™"'"onary from the palatable medioiSe wa« nrM««*Ii*u ^'V.^'wh. and when an un' ». iir.' ■"■'. the doctor deeideHU .««i:.^ ^^No";^" t^iVT*T ". ''•«>''<^ '""'"' """" " r. i^V ■"^'. the doctor decidedly replied " whS aria s^r^it^^D^'T-t'* "■• '»•« M„. ^^^^^x^^^'Ji^!S^<^ Attacks.-.In .oma case. tU of abstinenw. Som.tiSi^h~l -^"^^ '°** •'*«' wnsiderableperiodl quantly there iTaTSSStJ^*? " °*» premonition, but mo?J frj! J"^ *hose who lure a^^'J,'yP«««»j; « .f'f^Pt"'' ^^ *>« on'y Great sleeplessness and resfcleSnZ^ 1 *''*' " ^'■<'"?'^' *« hi™- patient is often on the verge ofdXiumT? ''°' '"','*• "» ^*«*' *he abat«j eithor gradaaliy or^suddeltrd t^lZ'i^^X ^^^^^ ;u?dfn^^•t?sfen?L^^eS^^^^^^^^ for which he requires and Teks melLa?afd Vh?"^"'"*"^'***/'^ having also disappeared, he williiSy submit* I? C'-^yng/or drink Lvjn^g become less, there is a iSSoS^:^^^^ ^U:;^;^ *-^^'^T^r.tit^^^ Pf«ents have lived for diminishes in length and ^W,- *'***'■''''' *^« duration of attack this being chiir/diet tftSTn';h?'^^\^"-°^^ the cause of stomach much sooner resent^ f iff i *°^ gastric systen^. The it. and consequent the dr^„£;^''J«« IT *'*r ,«^ ''^/^^ol put il^to gastritis, and often ilsoenteritis^RnfV™ fu* ''"'^'^ ^^ attack* of the interval of diminut'o^ in dr „Wnc t tl^'^^^^'""^ «'^°^*«'-. the puiient gradually goes froXdl torse '' '^°'^*"'' ^° *^** ha^ri^t1??^i%^S*J;Ph,f^^^^^ K S. Davis effects of alcohol on the c?rculaJFo/^f h °'*P'''° observations of the Chicago MedkalExamLT' ' *^"' """' »P *he results in the -playof^iffSti^stdtract^^^^^^^^^^^^ -''^ *^« normal the rapidity of nutrition and Ste^*tL^"^^^^ dimmish the dependent funcUon« nf !f ■"'°/ "n*^ consequently to innervation; thereby makinfa.5,l-""°**'?°' calorification, and a diffusable stinmS a^ is^ * E^ *''«*"^i' l«^**'^«' instekd of the profession. ' P0P"larly supposed, both in and out of f«nc.ons. and?s ultimately ^l^S^/etrW^ho;^ SjnSi hygJ^ru^r^of^t^^^^^^^ the therapeutic and Sst":-^*^^ -«^"^ ^Sjo^f^tf rX?of Iteffi -^jr&' 232 Some AUb l^EAL'i'il. labelled medicine, for the sakn nf ♦»,«„- u tl.au their teu.peVauce prmcipl^s Sw.t"''*^^ without being Wu as evir-molr^ « 7*".* **"? ' ^^""^ ^rfi ., bottle of the Hideboard is better thTn tb« Mf?"l5!!:?- • '^^^ ^"" • or, m other words, it is better io Srf'V ^'"«'";bottle in the closet • irregularly and i" sec et between Ss'^f^^ffr'''^^" »° dri,.i. Wine than hypocritical bitten • ^ '' '"^^"^'^ '» drink houcbt 11 !l porate drinking the dri..ki g o bSrs ts th«m" 'i'^i' "* ^ ^'"'^ he who gets his prescription for Spjfn ' ^^ ''!?8'^''«««' ^'"1 work may be done at once • the it «,• wfll ^^^*^"'- ^'^e former the length bei"*rproportion'ed to t .e^xTi^Jh? *'"'«' tlie^hysical system, and to the ^1.0:;^^::^^^^^^^!;:;: exX:i*?Sl"^;,?ff i?^fSf,: Exploded -The most rigid o>^e, instead of graduSly d hninishiL ?hf ^^ the lu,uor supply%„ banished. An eliiinent Xs rn ifJr''!.^.^''" »«f^ "ntil a.I i« advantaie over the fonner IZIT'^'T- *¥* *''« ^*"«*- has every first ap^arance ft seemed Lt^n''^^ *^r ""««« '» ^'^'^h, at Bupply Tere would be thTiea^st pen "^^^ ^^ ** ^"'^o tl^« e«tko «ATa?SL?i^d?JSSlfeL?''^N^^^^^^ T^«r?«-^n the wrote: " Tlie use of opium iS'e'triimrtnT /l^^^^ ^'- ^^''''^'^"^ not unattended with dSnger" u a~t'"f "l"^ ^«^'"»^ *'•«'«««« "s- becomes necessary to air ve at nr^urr • f *^® ^'°"' ^^o^^^s which it I resolved to subLt a certain uSeTof'ta^ «' «««-• pectaut plan of treatment <-n,?-fil;^ patients to an entirely ex. Twithholding of the cause of th« T "^ '"''"' \"'" .«''"P'« "-egime and to those caused by the pdncinJfire?„J°"''^ f "« * "«»'* "'"ila^ this disease. Eight patiersTefeTuh m h V.^^".'" r.'JO'n'nended for entire abstinence frW whie aui sn r t. ^"^ f^ following regime : of orange leaves were g7veu as driSki '.TVT' ^".^^ «» '"fusi"" bath was given every Ty and eTeJ^nonl;.?' ^V"' ' * ^«"» purgative draught containing su Jll^'orSnesk ^T ''"' ''?^ ', treatment is capable of being%fte^ used Uhtdvantagli'' "'°^' ^'^ itites are stroiigol their daily dra .i ra" The wine- tie in the closof : ialathan todrinl; r todriukhoucbt tohol.— "If oil'! pliysician to m ameless poisons, 8-" Of all ten.. angerouB. And the advertising ive the indorst). lly sure that Im •dicine. ' the intelligent and tlie aenond •!■ The former siderable time, Is made u|.(in lomediai treat. Totacco and ffmlth. 2aa ngid le most Jor supply%,^ ed until all is ting both the tiius, gives tlio tter has every JS in which, at ICO the entiii' ens.— In the l)r, Deoaisiiu im tremens is* osea which it >rity of cases. a entirely ex. le regime and result similar mmended for wing regime : d an infusiou low ; a warm itient took a Hiis mode of V^SZ^:JSJ''{r^'^'^'^'^' •" •^•y to re.tor. and ndlk. one ^aspS'uftf tl e former'?.7""*'"«l «'>« I'^ne-watJ with a small piece of it^X^TnV^ITlu ''^^ 9^ *'"«« ^^ the latter If thfs fails. Ihen a la v^e mu?taf.rnf.^/*''',! *" '!"*''« ^^^ two Svb over the abdomens ithrron.edv^l^?'; "^""'f ''« Sivon, appiS as the stomach will hear it! 5- '/^ « * hTr^^ '"'P'''*^^'*- ^s soou l^\ beuinning witi, a tab lespoo, fni j ' m «'•'"" ** '*''«'•* inter. teacupfuT as needed ; it can brse4 u'd !i m "*'.'" ^ «'-"l»«»y to a l« »Md ; hop-tea, VormS'fr? '?"'""' "■"•"res .honid not iob,»oo mutt be eotireJy avoTj ed ^ ° '"P "» * <'«•'" '»' ? lon^iS observed it. tL lo^ suriKr^r'' ?' «P«'-i«nceCst ^^ e-xnausting influence of tobacco that th«,i.!!i^ *^® debilitatioff aod ^S'obacco Pollutes th« Tf!« t ^'^ «o^equenoMaredi " rated with tobacco or t«h-'?*"^°^P^e»--A person who i« ..♦ yellow hue ; two" wh?ffA^^r bC?S w'-,f ''^'^''•^ * '^'^den oj Si"* f fl^« ♦.ui u .* •*«»" followed ^'writflBa^i. ."4'Proach and aiinov •>«nce-table bv thfim Ko«i ■ ' ."'^s a physician "rnnn^ »»"uwy .obd d/.Vt^iS^^^^ alaS^f„7fe«o Appetite often BJlT!!'T""Pf««'^«'» '* Th- m V ""^"^""oo or two before ouri The Tobacco Appetltfl A«-i»« » ^. ' ^'^ perceived, alaming facts brouSt out i« f?®? Hereditary. -One of the mL 1^1 m 236 Home and Heajltk. in^an article «trong]y couaemuing the use of tobacco In erery form, thi;,'iiVb?wh'; Xl^^eS^T^; 'r^We manner to .moking should lemeuiber that the Si of tobl^^ ^am ^an ensue , but they incoLine i« volatilized, and chcuLtes^ithih' ^*'"*riu*^« ^^^^7 lielj. ate liui„g membrane of thp Inr.?* ^ I *^®, *'"'*''* through the aud i. absorbed by the extei 3^^^"^" ' !^"'' «'''«' ^^ the cigar, that lines the iiostrils and ac I'l^^^J'^^'i*'?" of this membran^ of tobacco is indeed Cch mo^e^:"iJ^„t^^^ ^^« '""^te tion ; it acts preciseir:; o^^n'^'oth'^. Z^^^^^ ^^ «*«'« ^a' «aj^?.\«^° ^2AJ.orin 0^^^^^^ the form of cbsti noting the air." At a couS nf ? ■ .""Pf""g the voice by question of " sunflf-using * ca.ne n fn^^^-"*"'-''"'^^ '" ^«°don. thi tne attention of th'^ Scil fn, «^ for discussion, but it engUd being broken off by tKS.i?!. "Ji^ \^''^ •?"""*««' *he discusS the use of anutf to be -ruXfn. I'^P*'"? "^'^ resolution declar n« '• But I Can't n -f V pernicious habit. " * thousands who hL^disco^tim'ild^lte 5^^^^ "^ **>« "'"ny m advanced age-answc/ sS fl t. ^^^^"^^-^^'"e of them to the practice for Srty year aid ?L^^'*'"' ,7''? ^»" » «'«v^ eh uus on the instant of iLSitiou o do sT' • ' l\^'"V ''"r »»^» ac e, I enjoy exercise more, and stPn n f «» • ^ have less head- My room is cleaner. I think I Im beLr i "'''' i'""""* vigorously, cheerful and satisfied. I endure^h?ln«, .f m P-Zi"'^'/" "«" «« '"o™ fortitude, and look forward ureoVXivto't^^^^ °^ ''^*' "'"' '""'^ ed&;V^^^^^^^^^ early yoafh I wa, and chewing. I wa^ wa,.„-.-f i ^?. °^ '*" mysteries— smoking operation of^h^ Sr S tlfe ^stSfiach i'^/l.' '' *^« P^''-^-- advice of the physician was fort1««? k**' V""^ '^^ "^''^'«« '' a°d the rerience. More than Sy veaJs hav^ "« "-i"^' *' ''^ ""^ °^° '^'^• ately renounced the use o7tobaccJTn JlTlS r*^ '^"°^.' '^^"bep. the resolution was not carried fnf^ J all its forms ; and althouffh vitiated nature. I never JSed^ :*?"'"*'?" '^'***°"* * struggleTf three or four month? orselfdlnS *IP"K*' ' and in the spice of power and I have never sTnc; felt 1 1^7 »?»* .'heir Btimu^latJng wished that every individua of Si i * P"vation. I have ofteS artificial passion^coulj prev^^^ UT^"" I'/f *'"'°*«<> ^i^h tW^ ai^_m, ^tima.;;, .u, wflvi. amount of tobaccogrown on the7.1 n every form, sr to smoking pose, because ue ; but they IS the deadly through the of the cigar, is membrane The smoke ng effect, as soothing ' by of stupefac- the form of he voice by London, the it engaged le discussson m declaring the ninny me of them vas a slave •ke from his ' less head- vigorously, •ell as more with more years. It ;ing." outh I was — smoking pernicious I ; and the ly own ox- I deliber- 1 although truggle of le space of iimulating lave often with this for three 'e that it , and add t J. wtactvoa S 1 the face Opium-Kating and Jlmlth. — M7 p:f ',t Jha? Thefts t'.lr^ ""^ P«"-^- ' -'J - olos. esti. sons engaged m its cultivation ami !.' r *''^ f'ousands of nor. t-noir toil doc3 not add wealth fr.; ^*' *^«cau8e the prodnc^ nf to impoverish the soil. Gen John S^'^^^.c* «' tobacco growing Tobacco exhauststhelandbe.'on^ nil Vf "''''''' "' Virginia, says* t 'iS, every homestead from th^A^amiLt^'I "'""P^- ^s a p^oo/of water .8 a mournful monument TM » Jorder to the head of tidS- t" n, which has swept over^M.. ''«« ^een the besom of destru^ imr;rt* *^^ -''he^h-ittLd weaS^ort?'"'-" ^^« -« s wms epent w wore than wasted. ^ °^ *'^® "««'• and money OPIUM-EATING AND HEALTH ^ four to twel ve h ' i''? .''"T" to kill an hecomet Svm«* - "' morphia act very ramrflV/ V^^V^xk iidcrea, the eves an,i * _^ "j' cusues, Ihe nnmlo K« \' Treatment of Poiqnn k« n • 238 Home and Health. Symptoms of Opium-dhewing.-PerwM addioted to th« bm of opmm »re.recognizable by the face, which is sallow, pinched, and lag when deprived of the drug, there is an unsteady, tremblinjr ffait. depression of spirits, and great mental and even physicS raring! .uS®**™®"**/^'^'^'® ~9P'"'" consumers must cut the habit off short ; no matter how terrible may l,e the cravinc it is rarelv m. pedient to gratify it. Total abstmence is the sure c"rr2^th; iS^aIZ^^IT'^^ '^ '"^'^'««^ '° «^«'- "0 ""!*• Large do" so? S? ^K P"*?*^'"'" »«•« recommended as serviceable In counter- acting th« cravingfc experienced by the victims of this horribla vice. CLrMATE AND HEALTH. .^JS^* Required for Complete Change of Body— We hava acted in a previous chapter the fact that our bodies are continually wastinff away and that by food and drmk they are as constantly repaired. We lose the fleshy particles of our bodies once a year, and the bones in seven years Hence, in Peven years we have possessed •even bodies of flesh and blood, and one frame of bones. We have not now a particle of flesh and bones we had seven years ago The water we have drank, the flesh and vegetables we have eaten! beina made of the component parts of our bodies, cause us to hanker and long for the same substances of which our bodies are composed. Uke substances m us call for like substances without to supply the Waste of the system. "^^ ' »J^^2/^i^*'?:°**^y ®'^.®<^^*°*a*io>i Explained—Now, suppose we suddenly change our climate from forty to thirty degrees north Utitode. The air, water, fruits, vegetables, and flesh all differ. Ihe old particles composing our bodies, snd brought from forty degrees north btitude, fly off as usual. This produces hunger and thirst, and we supply our wante by the water and food nf thirtj Uegrees north latitude, and continue for weeks to do so. This ere- ates a conflict between the old substances of our bodies and the new flesh and blood continually forming, throw, the electro-nervous lorce out of balance, and engenders disease. If we \h a and struBtle on for seven years we become acclimated, because our old flesh and iwncs, formed by the substances of one latitude, have disappeared, ajd^our entire systems are made of the substances of another latT- w'®'t"*^J,^'y and Moist OUmatea— It is not generally fcnown, but It is nevertheless true, that a pure, moderately-dry air BeneraUy prodaoes great mental sprighUiness, especially with full- Mowled persons. A. cloudy and moist atmosphere, on the other jand, produces mental relaxation, and, with many, meUnoholy. xnls explains whv suigkIm an nft^n ii.v,«t.» ^u^^ 4.t. -i .■_ .../J oast. The depressed mental state is thus further enhanced. Ville. Mttve reports that of every ten suicides which were committed ia Climate and Health. 330 • ^T-crJtt^^ The t^moer,. They are quioketmrSfiSSVx"^^^^^^^^ °' "°- aad approvingly to the fact th^t ♦h''^- ^J ^'^«''' »""dcd parti^larly weakened by previous illne.8 frmn fL '?"*''" "° have been eommitted at tL close of tr;e,?]"8o«^f ,\^* T?!"^"^°f «"''^'J»^'» in^en and Sneek. ^lo&t of XlZt,' '? ^'i^ ^"*«h Peaces Gron- eptdoaica of 1826 and 1 827 'Cth« >**''. o**^ ^^'^^^'i ^'•"'» tt« Ubitanta. not lesa than fo« ^ «„ 'oide" o/k'nl^°''^' ^^*^ «'«^ i"' among those was a boy eight "pars oU • ^ '" """^ ^'«''' *°J Sw^^Sti^^^^ Char.a.teristlcs.-The Nortb America as very changeabTe^^^^^^^^ deacnbes the chnrnte of a number of phenom/na produced bS thZV ^^*«''. having explained Plots Its influence upon tKhab tant of tl^**^ '^ general/ he de- from the c imate hia activityfaSSenes' 'iV^ t'n"^*^- ^* ^^n^^s noss for gain, his practical taWf f^^ u- , *»" stature, his eaccr- aho wel^nown tL^lhe in&taSundi??."' "'^^^°*"'-«- ^ ^» Bky possess more talent for art! Se tCl L i^^'P^f^^^'^''^^ «I«ar more propensity for speculation and thought ' ^^^^'"y '^^ ^'*^<^ orS?lJSftUTt?:e????n^tt5LT^^^^^ foresting," or destrojdnKe forer^^^^^ '^^^"^t'-y. and of "3;, much mterest throughout tht work! f«T-'' *=°°t'«"«» to excite^ that the climate of many locaiili" tf 1 '' '^ now well established the one or the other of^.'^pV^^'^^^" "^aterially altered by been made, ia different pana of tlVptrH .^ys^matie efforts have of trees where theso h^ai djLr drapLr?^'"*''''^^^^ known, from which luipottant resnS'^K ^. n' ^""^ "^^'^i' ^^^^ stances, Inconsequencf of which EW^ ^f r^** '» "^^^y i«». about six rainy days every year sinfPK' '''^'^'' ^^''"^''^y ^^ ,ca^e, has already attained UtwenJ^ four ''"^ ''P'*"*^^^ °° » I^^g^ Effect of Water upon Climflfo t» Rayet,thcoliinateoftiu.r"j„nSlt;.Ti^^ 'J''^ *» ^'^««ve x\r, tjon in cousetiucnoo of tlie arrTval of th?. «'"• "-"/'^S^ » transforn.i- t .e baain c tL Bitter Lakes and tJe ciea ion nf l'"''' ''''"""^'*'' '^"'' '" of water m a region where there exiw!l?.fi*''V'"'"'''^ occasionally i»«adated- by the Nde Thl mnw ^ t^* "^^'•"^ land has already become observable + A i«!i-™°'^'^*'**»o° ^^ climate persons who have resided on tJ^een^tT/'^l^^ *^*^« evidencTof Company, the rains are much moreTea^enf^^^l?^* ^^-^^^ S"«^ wx years since. ^^>,.o^o, of S^s reS iJr^S" ^H' ^«r« ^^e or dressed to the Academy of SdeucesTf kw« ?u"y«-^«»o* ^^ ad- . _ ^ coieuces ot Fans the conclusions of a t McSs^, '^■^'"*' "^ «"« »' the New York dub aig^ii;^ ill tfT m ■ ifffi: ■I, iii i 240 &OUB AND Health. as work published sohie time since, \n which he has shown tJiat +»,«. coJnr^ «V?*"''l«"l/^%ke faaa modified the climat?c coSion of Jhe country. The result of numerous investigations ia, that since th« drying of these 19.W)0 hectares the temperlture has r^en hS a de! greo m summer, and has fallen half a degree in winter How to Believe Certain Malarious Districts—Sixteen square miles of the swampy, unhealthy country along the coast of the Bay of Biscay, m the Department of the Landcs, we^e planted wi h milhous of tr«es-especially the cork oak and swamp pine!: with surprising y beneficial results. The trees drained tlTlJid so as to destroy the swamp fevers, and to change it into a health v ■country with pine forests. Biscay law requires that for everv tri •cut down two shall be planted, Ld it is said to be executcd^w th iJgorous severity. ^-"itu wiiii «as^rEtJI?iii .°ff ?"?^®S Transitions in Olimate—The dia- •eases especially affected m this way are phthisis, pulmona'is mien. avS ^'TJ-*"' ^"^'^*'^ disease,^liseasesof the brainTud ileJiou system, and diseases in general of persona whrf have reached the ace of seventy years and upward. Scarlatina and diphtherl are alS subject to the same influences. Persons affected by these dSease« who might live much longer under favorable circiLstances often ^e BudJenly through quickly-succeeding alternat ons of Tjat and cold, dryness and dampness. Invalids weakened by old a^e are naturally more susceptible of these ill effects than others bufchK monarTdi^Lr*''"^"'^ ^^^'^'^^ ""^ '""'^ ^-^P^' '- cases of pul- ^«^!J"5'^®?* ^^^?» Beneficial ?-The relative humidity or degree of saturation of the air is of greater sanitary significance «iaii air, as well as the streets and sewers, of many imcurities thl ^!^^"^a\u^'^^ ^T^*? ^« prejudicial to health ^ It sC d be re! membered that the relative humidity is not always, or even generally high when ram falls, whicl, is easily understood vherit ifborne m mmd that the state of the higher Atmosphere mly be and is ve y different, generally from that of the lower. In mo^st of the MidcUo btatee especially those near the sea coast, December is the mm th Se'alSa^l is7 a'S^' The S^ "• ''^'^^^*' ^'^V* '^ tS one fn wS iiierainiaii is least, Iho following is the order of the months an T^hich it 13 the highest: December, January, August, November Se May CS ^'r^^^'i^^ February. July fs'ame^as last) Jre! Ap? May The following is the order for 1877 : January, October Del IprSirka^?'''"'^"' '^P'""^^'-' ^"^"«*' ^^--»>. /«n^ Febr'ua?;: h.^t .^°"°^.Vigi the order of the months according to the rainfall beginning with the one in which it is greatest: jSly Sember & DeeSr %i"T,f '^•™"^y' 2'''^''' August A^irlJanuS y^Jj X^^^^^' 7,^« following IS the order for 1877: October .S iCmb^rS;r ' '*'*''''"'''' ^PriWaouary, May, FebruarJ; Temperament and Health, TEMPERAMENT AND HEALTH. 241 the relatfoii and nroSS^ h^^tf^ ?f *° individual arismg from body. The temneiSnt i,?h«f- -^^^ *^^ constituent parts of the Mere vegeLtiSe?8 jL si totif^'f ?,"*'"''" °^ * '"^'^ « "^^'force! We call its deereethVnnn!^,^ t ■ **^ °^ *i'^ P°^^" *hat reaiat decay common withTther a„ra f "A^ma'n'^'l '^'^ T"" ^^*« ^'^ «^« " force, he breathes nowerf^S'orteblv he f.;i/?'"l ""'^'^^ ^''*«» advantage. If he has strong vff of f ^' u • '* *° advantage or dis- food, an§ is ver7ac?h^fa'„"d^ne^L?rin^h/' "'"^^^^ ^^"d Sf animal weak in hig vital force ovlvSSl. f'' movements. If he is sluggish in his moveme'n?s anS^?,-«fi 5""^^^'!'*' ^« '» "^o^« Jess fibrine and red gKL; to his hTo!^f ^ v"^'*? ^''^'^ ^^''"^^ yields "cold-blooded" an§ pSemati; S ^'^^^^"a^s are generally bright, blue orVay eves cai^aS-^'" ^''"^^ '- with clear. hafdT;sdeI'l^l'l1Sfo*r7^ir^^ r^^*^ T^-^^^^-^ -^^ brown hair and bearr^^^fg?^/^. ;,*-;" ^^^^^^ with b.s moT^ements. has the l°gh?s7d?gre; of LetiTv^^'^^'i^f t "» Krn;al;:siri.^^^^^^^ with short limbs and Hn^rr'and b^ It lil« f^. * ''*"' *"'* '^'*' >n his movements and pSns «iS .nM ^ * ?* P'"°°» '« »lo««r 1.. mphatic in temper" mK' '^'' '" temperature. He is by^.n?S a^oSf^jTh^''^ t«™P-r-* '« oharacterized i'"licated by a brold C ?o t .1 Wh "^l"'''".*'''*^"- ^ital vigor is of the lower brZ a heal ,s^ nnS^ ' t ^'■''*'* ""<*^»" ^«^«l<>Pment possessing theTr.'uhie te a' feinm.n ^^^.r-V*' *° ^^^ «^'"- Those ti.J.nixed terrp^:^J^Ztir^^^ ''^^ «^ montdl activitv, by greater dehcaov nt 1^ ^ than the bilious, by 'i;!} 249 Home akd Health. the greatest extrdmes of virtue or vice It i- «ri 4. a ^ which require inteUigence aud reSineM* wiJw "^^ii*«d to purauits ate force of character It is mnn^l^^d' *? ' <»P«otabIe or moder- than the bilious tempeimenT and «^ T'^^ '4.*'^'* ^y ™«--•« 1* re-absorbed during the nigl,t ^ ^^^^ *° ^'^^ ^«ht, and Never begin a journe;r until breakfast is eaten UisjloTM. wrap np the S kS ™» on^.^'r, "" """"'I'' f"*"^ ^.a^o^S^fy^^rcK^x^e^r^JScrr^^^^ this : Water. whenTevSates * S *"^^'°*^- ^* » «'«"Pl7 l.eat. in what is called tKteVfom O-^.T^^rr^""^^^^ vapor contains as much heat as «in« ^^ +' ^"® ?"""'* °' ^*ter in nnS all this heat iTst, of course be ?ak« " ^''^ - *'^-"?'''** '"**«''' clothes are moistened wtrthJeeDoun^.f.*^^ ^?^^- " ^u^ C0& 4ter tJth^e K^ S ^^^^^rS^^'SL-^iSS^^^^ n^t^fi^cJaWa^Tdlfci^t^^^^^^^^ "-e cosmetics to give an to read a little pamphlet pubShedbvnr'?'"^-**^^' ^'" '«» ^«" i'ork. describing three cases of 1?«S^«S- ^^"A' ^y^' «>' N«w Precautions and Health, S4d ^X?t?^%nK;: z;l?-- ^^^^r^ le poison is we j» ' —"-"" F^'ctraws u) tae nerves. ing, and killing or scafring for? fe men w.J, ''''^''^i^T'^" ^■^Plo'l' nmple knowWgeof the inHammLhl- nil' ""/il' *.'?'^ •hJldren: A atop to neariy afi the ace dents A- fi, *"fl°' *^^ ^'^^'d may put a mflammable^ga, gaVeS'ore 'ihe'^'sur'^e'^ 'whenT ^,*-''«^''"l" consumed, a sTight jar wiU inflame the gas and an „nl' •'' 'f ?f*'"^y If the lamp is not allowed to burn over hSfwl^P''''''°° ^°"°^«- are almost impossible. " What th In »Sii *^ ^°";?' »«5idents lamps in tUiJrning. ^*^' *^*°' ''^•" ^e do?" Fill your an?7r t;JtlSi?„?p!JS^"«lt;:fa^^^ - -« --Pl.. character of all suSh KuVes a,ul i,Zh"'*^r^ ^' determining the the common oils. Let a fcv^hla^ to apply a match; if the matorid burii r.P^f'!^ '"*'' ^. «*"''*^^. «'-i tfiat the material can be set on Kt f j^« '^*' "°'*^'- ^he fa.t ^Mho. . -rcareleS^Si^thlr^^^^^^^^^ w^l*&t??rS KM -^ -ver descend into . It. does not contain foXl WelLTn bar^ ^'^^P'.^ ^« "°'« *h;;t wmter for stock, and seldom used in .„„ ""^"^^ that aru used Im foul at this seaso' .. Wh leThe anrif.- T*"' * •* ""^'^ "«*>'« ^ ^e tember is a good time to c ea„ S'foSr buT'li* ^"8"«* o^Se,.- wiUiout using the above precautirt^ * The "fi?.1 °°.?«.«go down acid, and no one can live in it an iTst-mt Tf . "' »^ w carboni. burn freely, there is no danger The^a;hn2« ''*»^'« or lamp wi;. common air, and accumulafcrAt tti j /* °".'^'*^ " *»«»vJe'- than will go out '«, soorasTt stSki Jto caJbZi"* ^l^^' .^he oandl. how much there is in the well To Z^^"" ^'^' *«"* *•»«" "how yided there is water "n the will A U^*,"" ' ", '^f*- ^'®«^'^*' Pr<> the water and dash it in a^Sn ri. '^ °^".^\^'* >« *o pump oi:t volume of carbonic acid amUhe l^itT^' ^,'" »*»«»'»>«" eq„al with it to allow combust onto SoceS ani*r" J"'^.,«"'^"'''«"^ " ' Ignited and lowered into the weH th«t ♦ n* ''""^'^ ^^ «*»■«« " ascend, Wo have succ eded h. gettSni ^ut Th" '"T ^^« ^°"^ *»• '" well simply by dropping bunchpV n?*^K '^^ carhomc acid from i blaze would at first Rxthmi,h5 k''""^ "^"^^ ^*o i*- T},a acid, but the heat is n'oreSs^etl:^ I'll^ *>^ ^"'^^"i'^ Ca^ition Concerning tC''Te^^'t^^^ vj-el^espe^^ • Amaican AumuUurUt. "* " h3 244 U OilE ANb lliiALli/, diBcoloration both of naturarand ar .fic,^u;:Sh- ^ '^^"^ «^^" <'"' from this cause as to require several sco^.n*'- 1™''^ '« ""^^tinat . with a stiff br, :.. to relnove T When Zl"'' '"'l^'''^ "'''''' the family rem rliina, "This f,.k w r "^^^'^^P^''^ ^ear any of armne p . )! •"* *"' ^'' PO'-««Iain FrauceT. fefgTtid^hl^frS^^ P^^^i'^ian f„ ice-cream, and finds it to conKin L- '° '"^''^^ «« stroet-c r; vr produces serious symptoms frC?:?"^'''"^ 'V'^"-"' -'^' "H 18 a proiiHo cause of scrMfulou" "run ion, ^ ^°"t'«»e^l cour.e, nn.l hair among the lower classes^ ^' ""^ dropping o«t of the Caution in Carrying Lead Ppn^iTo tu carrying lead pencils in thf Jock efseVlr' " ^^*'" ^""60- i.i /ecrded of persons who were tieicealt ""^T "* •'^"t^'" «'e pckefc. Wo .hould be carefulto^ place ^l '''°'- ' "'*'"'* "' *''« instrument, in su.h a way in theVott ^ ^'Xi^I ^:Z:tl ^^"^^^^^^.^^^^ . ..no =.piSap4J^;s-Sl-S^ perienced ; patient desireo to know %}fh ' ^'■''l^^"' »'^^'«f '« t'x- remedy, bears it in mind, and if there is .^.""f, -^^ *^« '"arveJlous tures to send for it (the ^m^ly) dhect to Z ""« '"'''^' ^^ '^^^• relieved ag.in he becomes enthusiastic Vn^i J"igg,st. On bei,„. fnends. They are relieve,! «!! * ' ^""^ ^'o^unteers advice to hil to th,nk hek,Ls'«ved who h«a not studied a Skin ti^nriV*'' ^P''"°'P"^ ^^ ^^^^^ The requirements n PnSinJ "^ r P''''^'' °'*''^"" examinations, rwpect, as they oueht to hn .n ^''*"''° *''^ ^^''J' "^'^ i" t*'':" regponsible a bu^sinSs " "*"' °''" '^"""^''y '» ^^ ««"ous nnd ' ^i^-'^?e^l^yT^^^^^^ in the use larger quantities, to p rodu ^ thl ^^L"'ff *1 ""^u^^^. '' °^*«°"' ^^ *« tobacco, snuff, tea cE ohin'nf^ ® ^^'■^*'' '^^^^'^^'^ '* ^e spirits. or poison, be assnr'e.l thTt voi ^?.l !^'"'.?''°''' ^^" ^"^ "^^^^ stimulant ancT that you are hable a„ v Iv fn" ^^° 'Tl ^'l'"^'^ '''" destruction, yourself inclined to " tekTan/th n J"'*'"* ^''^*'^- . ^^"^^^ y"" «''- enable you to perform anv wo^.l fn^V^'''^ * '"P °^ *°*°^ "o^fee, to it a, yo^u woulfa d"adl7poTson' The'"tLT"*^' T >'"y' «^"*'* century in our country n EnS" Ko ,7^ greatest men of this and long before their S'p^fh?^!'^' i^'^' *"'* ^""""' ^^^^ rfrunkar.is ; were ••fncapabirof «„ :&' wt^hn'^^T*'' "i"'"^ ^"^'^^^^ *hat the^ glaw of brirndy.'' without being first "fortified by a weU.hVhfe°d.^wKed^T.'i;,?^^i^ * properly-cho^.n- washej inma .' ^^ il comnl.''^ f ^f Ll^' with^ho'rou.hly. poisons. But it is well fo,- S *'?'?: ^'*"'' ^«'^'' "^^ '' '^ctioui the easiest means o res InoeL'^r *f'' **" *^*l»*^"t«d with some of evil approaches or vhpn .wt ^ °f ^^'^^P®' '»'^<"" *hat gig^nh'c Knowledge of the re^htv J^l nT^'''. T ,^u«« ^''*'''" '*« r"*"?^- diminish useless fearf^ P'^'''"* ^"°''«'» exaggerations and PubtL poison into the bloo.l wh; I ' ""■'e from th« reception of -x , is exhaled from t Prin m l bvl^'P L ?^^'"^i V^''°"8^ *'^« "y^**"'"' has been actually cSeTseP^ut of imn,^r2 '""^ '''"^''•. fins poison decay, and appears in the form of r/f ?'^PO'««r^ ^j ^'th and fluid, bal^gelat.^ou stuSTf^/droi S'^'^v T'^* ^'^^'^^^ '"^If" vein, ofalog will inoe'uL^^Sdt/^i?!; TyX W^^ ^"^" "^ liXrtL?f^!*i°SrcI 'i"'ect-:on is of the room th^ a?r Sw i^^-" ^'^j-¥J«^.{* *» «3cape at the ton -ei. w !■■; g,,.^. ,h i8j3^the reason why in fevor •Robert Fairnian, M.D. IIP I :r 246 ttOMB AKD HEAWa. fl^g'^y'r'ugl^^^^^^^^^^^ -jthout the ventiUtora In th. ever w inhaled comes ^000^ u,?h .T*'^? absorbent" and what t^Jl.^ I«^« into the blood A meiS^ ^^^orbing surface, aSt When infection i* nr,t ,i««* , greatly increase it. Its dwpersion by ve^UHathn, thei alS ti^ ^""2' ^e done^to secure a free current of air, or etoeDeJ fo.- f r.'i ^u'"^ ^''O"^^ be exposed t^ absorb infection more easilV tLnZii^^v^tA' °'' ^^^^ sub^tancS 4To Sv?/ ^'^^f * ""P'^rtance^'itt^S^rd th:?.,"" «k'« Se*ri! i..S« "Sf^'ftrd SS,-/; "r - P-'ible .void £,„ F„, •0 dauJIy aa when the dog has sem /h. . °. " "'" eomiderod h.W Wore ,t , fear in this ea?e aids ,™, 'tnT'^J'"' "<"*' trembW tilatora m th« I oHreshairin ; be produced 36 not directly PPer part of a oe in a box- of the bed, to of tiie open 1 may breatbo ' > the poison te skin of the t. and what- rfaco, and is I exposed to e hundredth they suck in t absorption Jn is weak ; ;e. diminish aleep, and • ^ventilation, specially to e to secure exposed to ater before substances 5 therefore of white- 'W» damp, ender the > is there* t Italians terod less clothing, nel again fat num- ar. Fear and the i dog is rod half embljng Charms ountry, sful by Hon, ** . Prdcautlom and Health, .247' Poisonous Soap.— A common and annoying form of akin-diaaM*. ^mft^*' > ««"«*»"«« produced by bud Lp The S>ap S S^^OdWrw"'/""^*'?^ experiment, is the ohea^? ktd f tt^xSrd f^J-tps c;£a\i^r;^/XhCfe} ■ f, f„?fr '''P,^r.*' quite sufficiently from tho filthy It froSwWoh^ w made ; and the stench, which even the saponifying pro^^doi, not qu.te remove, zs disguised by tho perfuL Ail ETXw^ ocS??*d^mS Si^'^f^lP®'"-^ °''° "^ ^'''**'^ ^'•<"" °'«o«°« recently s:S'^-?f » ''r-k" pipe-,ten,' Tl.: v^cti^wL'^In^StmldliS; frhou^'ateS'" ^^'"'^*""^°' tobacco-poisoninyrdS^i S tL «5 ' i doors and wmdows closed, and died in a short tmie. The odor of qumce bl.^ssoms is also highly injurious Orange Pjjel Poisonous.— Fatal consequencen mav follow iha ; AhI"^ °' Jl^^ri ^^ ''^^"Ses. Tho oil of'thc rind^Uhlylid Quite recently a child something over a yearold was at^cklTwU i. Th^ Kirr.*.'*™' "" '^^ V\°g the passage of a steamer from SaTS' J he symptoms were so identicaf with those which arise from no 3' SKT^f P'"'- ^'^^^ *^° Phy"<='^" inquired par?fciK/K; Hfwa^^S?orm«d T'^f *^ ^^ getting this substance in itsmouS Jio was mtormed tiiat it had been p ayinc with an oiAnm^ n^j frniV),^ \* '*• r^ ^^'^^'^'-^ *^'^ «*^^°k of th^e dLI e The dTSarTea SZrl'l Tl''"''"^ ^'■^'1"^°*' ^"d consisted of blood and miS b JJl «J!?f "^ °^ 'f •?'" *'"*""« inflammation the child died ThS n Lff. J 'JT*'*y."\"'* have been swallowed, yet Tverv sS stomach, and occasion fatal flr,P,d»nt3 of T>r-V- r- . - ^ • , I K If" S4a Home and Health. and confections. Ars^eniate of Vper- coCems wh t?I.*« l'" '^".^k^* arge (or red lead), and the aniline coIorTred' Jreln oJ ».1^« ''**!,■ otEer Dowona, mineral and vegetable, are frecmen^lvTm^, !i"^* Vl^ manufacture of candies Thprp -ri „yf„J"fi;"«""y employed m the flavor to their orotlurtq It^rrhl ii , , , °} ^'*^*'r or naeneBs of »lwa,a sell bctteTlE duU S, ;, S P°'°S;?' '"'»'>s°"'e candlM be hil „,„,t ohe^pl ^'alukt"^ r tS'by tKrofSi'i?","" ™an„^t„..cr, or UTrslS.-fe T^^^S^t^S.^ i^&,^l times, and had once been umlpr/f<:?fl '^ taken it one hundred these oJ » tScxL" ;tro7flL,?''™r "'^ "P™"" 'I-"' i" ,u.n«y of th. v.pro"'eh!o'rS it':1,l",„te"S.-"" '"*"•" 're?gf^,?Snti;?Xf!??io'i^''''?i,lteS^^^^^ cream may be atfciin^rl N,r li+i "I'i'iant rea tmt of strawberry tint of pSachifc? 'am La edfmry KeHv' f V' ^P^^^^i^.^reeX flavors. Ky may ob£^ the rh"f'^^ producing tints or facture and sell tLm. ' ^'""^ °"'''" P^'^^''"^ «'h<> "»»»"• Danger of Green-Colored Materialuy only of their pre* !^incinnati, , to a very liloroform. speatedly, yniptoms, as pro\ed luring ten hundred ; the last a ohloro- >n that in ' one that under its 3t sure to slightest olored as rawberry lid green eniate of does not ms know tints or manu" >f green id mate* he color lilt Very urt, and amenta! ; Ptecautiont and Health. 249 JTmlni^Lu"! *''y''' '^^^"^ *'°^<'''« '^"'1 materials containing them «na i.y the fut that the color is • owlydeoomooaed bv mi«t.,™ ..,j bright greeii w»ll.[„pers and windovfTshades !■> sittiiw and aleeZJ ZZ f '°°H ''°™. t' J«™i'l«d, unless the color "be tesSd'^3 SL'.rdc°L7ofTeVerr;&" '" '»'«™'" "' --^■»"' c^'Lr^otel^jaS Ifate^ofclr'S fl^VSr^ the removal of green, makes tlie presence of arsSic probable To nl ! ^l'*" P''''"°'' .'*'T«^ paper or fabric shoull be immersld ma little ammonia water for a few minutes ; about ten drios of ?he stquentiy of too frequent occurrence. Here ia a narhaJ Ucf J?* *i, Iwivas of the common laurel: the wild arum • aL^^ni W ^' ■ color, which continues more or less till the mushroom h«c. llf^'^^ some size, and then turns to a dark brown Se mlrL I ^1^"^** attended to and likewise whetherthe Scan bT^lyp'ated from' the edge and middle, and whether they have a pleiM»nt smell Thn« whicli we noisonous have a yellow skin, and tEe S- o^t hai no? th. clear fiesh-color of the\eal mushroomTLsfdes S thev smell rank and dmagreeable, and the f»r is white or yel W ^ rli m\ 19 2^0 Home ant> HEArxTT. ANTIDOTES FOR POISONS-HYDROPHOBIA. Animals Affected by Hydrophobia. -Man, and many of the lower animaB, are subject to madness, or hydrophobia. In aninS! the disease i, called rabjea, or caLiie maanois, Dom. ca to ami wolveaare mostly ita subjects, but »ometimo. goats. pashoiIeiL aad cows are the victims The poison is comnmnicatJd by mean^S the saliva through wouuds made by the teeth, and may occur at any soason of the year. ' ««.««* a„ »uy u(E,f^haJll' DeYelopment.-The period of its development, after the subject has Jeen bitten, and the virus communicated vanes considerably. Usually it appears within two months cS have been mentioned, where the disaase m not develop for ten! or twelve, or fifteen months. ^ ^ Symptoms of Hydrophobia.— tn hydrophobe, the victim becomes melancholy aud his fear keep, him on ;ae wktch for so m™ development of the disease. If the part bitten becomes painfuhand begins to inflame, his anguish becomes intensified, fhe skii S- cornea hot and dry the pulse rapid and weak, and there is much JT «* !? *w-.°' *'"'u ® ''^y' *^® '""^°^«« o^ *»»« throat, especially those of deriutition. become sore and stiff. Attempts to swallow are attended with spasmodic contraction of these muscles, and of the respiratory muscles. Convulsive movements become ino?e frequent, and easily excited by pouring out water, cold currents of air, changing of bed-clothes, or shutting doors hj^stily. Sometimes general convulsions occur. The thirst becomes intense, but the patient fears to relieve it, for fear of bringing on the spasms, or of choking. The eyes are blood-shot and staiini, saliva flSws from the ;Zor'' *i«H"^r b"sky and the cpunteua^nce m^KeZmJ terror. As death approaches, the skm becomes clammy and cold tlie pulse almost gone, and respiration irregular. Convulsions or exhaustion, soon terminate the suff-erings of the unfortunate victim '..Treatment of Hydrophobia.-!. The wound inflicted bythi bite of an animal suspected of rabies should be washed and sucked as »n .cases of wounds incurred in dissections, and afterwards cauterized thoroughly. Cutting out the wounded part is better in most cases, than cauterizing. Some recommend a ti«ht licatura placed around the limb above the wound, before washing and ex- Tu^H'^t" ^-r' •"* ^^^^''•R*'^" of the poison. This is more useful V hen the bite is on the finger or toes. The excision should extend some distance into the healthy tissue, and the wound be afterwards thoroughly cauterized. Resort should be had to a physician the fu-st moment possible- washing and sucking the wound is of the first importance. «.uouiai, 2. Spirits of hartshorn is said to be an excellent remedy. The wound should be bathed constantly with it, and three or foir doses S;^^fJ^Lly!°«.*^^^^ ^he hanshoni decomposes ohZ aT/d^stroyyTtVSfeteriou "°"""' ^"' ^"^^^^ altera IIA. many of the In Animal* 9, cats, and pig", horaea, by means of occur at any Bvelopmont, imunicated, iths. Oases jlop for ten, the victim }h for suma oaiuful, and *he skin be- sre is much , especially to swallow les, and of M)mo more currents of Sometimes le, but the usms, or of rs from the Its extreme and cold, alsiona, or ate victim, ted by the >nd sucked afterwards I better, in it ligature g, and ex- lore useful lid extend afterwards 'sician the of the first edy. The four doses ises chemi- teiy alters Antidotei/or Poieons-^mke and Insect Bitet. 251 ••ThJhL'*i!°'!'1* i»r^>ortedMii " sure cure" for hydrophobia: andwa£? TnT„^ ^S'\" T",*" P?'«'^l«' *'*»» warm vinegar Murrdif^r*K ''*° tb" has dried, a few drops of muriatic acid Ke th??n«fj* r?°"** n'"^ ^""^'.'^y i^,** P^^^** of *be saliva, and relieve the patient from all present and future dnngor." Vnn^tf - '°"°T'"8 remedy was habitually used %y the late Mr. ,ln^ -hi *T®"'^°°U:? vetendary surgeon, who was bitten by mad i S*f""'"- ^^/ '^"^f^y y'^ *° »"o^ *he common nitrate of li]Z' Ta^ P[op"red to mtor into tiie wound. It decomposes the a&Sj TJ.Zhi^'' ^'??^' *'^' ''"•'"'• «'^ BenjamirBrodie hnAuT^^S ■ ^-^^ compete success, in a case where a mad dotf onin nfiv''^ -r^ ""l \'^''^^> '"°"*''- The best mode of applf woind ^ introducing it solidly into the vi'n^^^T <"'■*' ^°^ f I'ies was recently discovered bv rhauce in sCfb'anifnfLTl' ''^'T,^^'"^^ was affected, had himuken to a steep bank of a lake and tlirown off mto the \vator, supposing that iSccluv A&^' and the fall together would 'kilPthe aVS jpcediiy. A few moments after, the horse rose to the surface and tanilhrraTfrf""'^ *"^°^ 'i^K^^^ «^'"p*«'»» «' •"•^^s c vanished, and the horse soon made for the shore. On being taken great delight, no traces (,f the disease ever reap, earing, 'rhe theory resulting Iromth 8 incident is this : Hydropfiol.ia, or rab!i isl^ ih^ZSl S' ^"'"' '" 7^'^ J^' " predoiSinant.' In?he Tasi of the horse, the terror produced by the sudden plunge into the cold ^^!^IZ^ '° far super or to that of the disease, « to act homcS) pathically upon the animal, and when the overpowering effect S^ u^Jfii" *;?'"**''« *o suppose that mad dogs will always shun the water. On the contrary, they will often rush eagerly to it, and try ANTIDOTES FOR POISONS-SNAKE AND INSECT BITES. What Snakes are Poisonous.— Among the principal venomous reptiles may be enumerated tlie whip-cord snake, cobra di capello rattlesnake, viper, and adder. According to Dr. J. W. Howe, the lutes of the first two produce a fatal result more quickly tha^ the others. Kattlesi.ako bites st;ind next in order of virulence Vioer and adder bites are fatal only to very young animals, or to children of tender years. In the more deadly classes the symptoms following a bite, and the action of a poison, are the same. Rattlesnake bit* s are not uncommon id the Southern and Western States, and tJic mortality attending them is very great. Th« v^nnm "f *hi- -"ptile 13 «iou lamed m a small sac situated at the base of the sharp tootlb or 252 Home and ItEAim. -'V^^'"^'etll^^^^^^ by on. of ui... times becoming of .wirk reKoiof ^f ^V 'y* ^«7 8«on, ^oinn- A sharp an,l ii.fenso n . „ TfehTuZJTT'''' " ^'"'«'' ^la. k. coarso of tl.e pnnci,Pal nerve, S.,"etimor;V''*'"'""« *'«"'? "^^ the brain an.l there may aI«o be cmSon .!f t^'"? '" °*^"g««t'on ..f membrane of the ston.Lh an.l inSlnpr t1 ''^ ,'""•«' *"*' •""•^"'•^ m.ttent, and rapid. The p„S of the ev- »> ^ " -^ '" ^'*'^^^' "'^'"' " over the abdomen, and von iW .., „^^ l^^'''°"'« ''''**«d, pain in Mt Delirium generally ap^e'Sriw*"'" ^'^'^S ''^^' P'«- bodygrowcoldandckLny and LZt »''''•' «^*^«""tie8 of thn sets in; growing worse rSirand leaSr'''';^ '''"^^'"'*' «*"P'T soon. «i"'"'"V«'"*^''^^ ammonia m doses of ten or tw,.,>V., "*-^*^ 's carFK)natp cf to the surface of ?L Eody ,vth pS 7Z '"'f-li"'"'- ^''•■■'•^'■- alcohol, is also bonericial ^ °^ "^'""'' '^'PPed iu hut now oXnltiy^errZsEVirl^i thV"'" ^-'-^ -- = "It !« bite of a rattleffle Tt kUX^^^ poison. Practice, observation rn^experience h.T ."^'^f '''"^'' ^^^ It will cure poison of any kind S on mil '^l'^® **"§?* "'« «'«<> must take a spoonful of it iSn^ v TmlTn^h 'll ^^'^- ^he patient To cure a horse it requires St mrL^ ?^ '^''""^^ ^«»-a «"'e- of the most extreme Ues of Vnako Wtefo. ""'* ^ f^' * ™*"- One It had been.thirty days standLfa^d t^tTentV^^ ^^^^ «^«- byhis^hysician. I «- him aVonL^^S*r i^wKSt'cI boLSld^TI^Ld'i.^^^^^^^^^^ that tHe ,pp,,,,,,, ,, ,^^. local and general poisoning. The pire ^iJh^^J^'y' ^T^''^' both to. great quantity, is liabfe topiXc^sKhfnT^f' ' '^ «PP"«" '^» symptoms ; hence it is best uif^n the mS?^**""^ ^r^"" dangerous acid and one of alcohol GiVen infL" if P'°P<^'"*'.on oi two pirts of • late period, it vro^uoe.rTeCtn\t'^^^^^^^ neutralizing the poison, bu? by causinVcnnt^'?'^ ^V'^' "^^ V vessels an3 thus oreven^ing ita'^absoS "*'*"" "' *'''' """^^ found a'^'knMoJ^itl^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Australia, has A ntidotea for Poisoti^^Miscdlaneout. 263 etc.. aro hea.hSe L^'^^n -f ' °«"*'P«:«C8, spiders, l^ees, hornetsf Sometimes So wmmdfs 3\ih'?rfl "^ fght, and fev^isl.ness .oda, weffrubbed in o/rhe^plaorbitt^Hn'trng.*''^ h^<^^vloa.^. of atnient shon!.! ANTIDOTES FOR POISONS- MSCELINEOUS flattens,!, apply^'ooU cream /XrilSL:, ' ""• '"'""" ""^ o- Oh ve oil 18 sad to be a certain en r-A \'*fS™varea case. effitsolthe^Sn1ariUtVrtree''Sr^riy '^ '- paa^^ol^fi^VcSdLTdilarca^^^^^^^^ '"ntf*"'^ ^^^^'''^'• due to the presence of leadTn the Sr PaSrTL*^^^^ ''^ by wash na paint from their hJria k ^'""^^™ »re often pois .ned tuVntine bfings the partic es of ea/ intT' 1 ^^''P^"*"'?- ^he they are easily^baorK by the si n^ elus^Iso foSnd^n h"' dyes m large quantities, and the glazed visifin,^ ..a "* J"''"* .:sv„ /iir" *■ "- '^* -»«::'» ":S,or„?;t.'3 ^'* Home and Hbaltu. of one liter dai v, preserves H,=l'^ T . workmen, to tho oxten' poisoning. For a long time C c J '.t ^''T,'^'""*<''««"^ mercur^^ Sentist tinding that she^had her tee h rin.7 ^^ appertained, bu? « came to the conclusion that th« oh u "^'''^ '"^'"''""al amalgam might have generated corr sive 8„M ^T' ^'i^*'*'""^ '« her S the amalgam and pnt in gold Shl 1 •*• ^« therefore remove. , Poisoned by Wall-Cer ''V'/T """'""^ '«' ^-'"• kyer att.r layfr ^ iu^^.ferirtrytri^^ P"*"'-'« °° *»>« ^-^ have been discovered lately where thlr?^'*''^"^- ^^^f»^ oas... •nd paper two inches thick witTa Un ^^ * ^''"^ ^^ fatty m the system of the ani^ais exDonm« 7/''*^ Phosphorus founi tuijientme oil form in the st^mach^i^eTinS"; ^^^P^orus an oeti, which 18 readily excreted. *^<"npo«nd resembling sperm v .4r^?^^-XTo^iu-m^- %ttt^ l-^" Will cure serious •nd laid along eac-h sideTThe sp.W ooh""'^ •?' «**"^»t«d withT covered to prevent evaporation. ^"^ "^^""^^ '*« ""^''^ I«°gtb. an] dr^.^eV"^?ye^„t:^tS^^^^^^^^^ - doses of twenty 3^ Electricity Will cui-; ^tZTer%S;XrJl^'' '''^''- P&ns.-'l*T^h?te^°J«?«^^,S ^''"i Swallowed: General instant a person is known to have sw^n'' ^1 ^°"« ^'"okly The^ accident, give water to drink c^uTwr ^''"'"' ^yd««W^r gallon or more at a time and »« fJof ^'*^'"' "^ ^a^* as possible a water is best, as it o^ tho pSres'o ^hJT' *'^ ^l'"'"'^ mSre7i;.id «g. and thus gives the speedS cu e to th '" ''■ '"'*"""'''■ ^'""S*" parns be^m to be felt in the b-wels it ,1 ^^e poisonous article. If Phased downward ; then largo anVrVn^r^"-'**. P**"*' «* '^ast, ha« ^ven, the object in both cas2 befng to^dilntt /h ^''* ""' '^^"'^ ''« and as largely as possible. Do not tart fon ^ P''"^" »' g«'ck/y which ,s nearest at hand, cold or warm L /» '" '"**"'' ' ^^^ t^'^t i» of immense importance ; at thoTarae t^m7 ""T^ ^^ *'•"« «avc^ Phy».c,an, and as soon as he comes tru^h^^'.'!^'?^^^^^^^^ « -' — '^'^v Bis haJiUa, led drinka and injed. » day, and ice-bats ryhmeed meal) ara • »a if by enchant; natural. A red -lea I use of milk at their i^men, to tho extout 5a.i works free from ngladyofStlotiTH n.'toma of mercurial ascertained, but a nercurial amalgam >»od in her aaliv i therefore remove. I overed her healt).. •ttttingonthewal us. Several oases '3 of decayed past- f fungi. Thd sick- ed to the paper. turpentine U a here ia no fatty )ho8phoru8 founl Phosphorus an J sembling sperm v- will cure serious aturated with if,, itire length, anj dosea of twenty the opiate. 8. wed ; General » quickly. Tho >n, by design or 't aa possible, a ttk more ; tepid Tomotea vomit- )U8 article. If ft, at least, has ions should 1.0 ison as quick /y 'ter ; iake that d of time saved nstantly for a 5tv his hauds, Bniirgimtes-^ffow to Meet Thmi, 968 tellinf! him what you have done. Drinking a gallon or two of simple water will not cure every case of poisoning, but it will euro many. 2. If a poison swallowed is known to be an acid by the name on the bottle, or by the discolored spots on the dress, or having a sour taste when the tongue is applied, alkalies will be the proper antidote — -such as ch.ilk, magnesia, soda, whiting mixed with milk, or plaster torn from the wall, if nothing better is at hand. If, on the other band, poisoning has occurred by an alkaline substance, such as pearl-ash, vinegar would arrest its progress. The antidote for cor- rosive sublimate, is eggs ; and for sugar-of-lead, epsom salts, 3. A poison of any conceivable degree of potency which has been swallowed intentionally or by accident, may be rendered instantl^ harmless by swallowing two gills of sweet oil. An individual with z verv strong constitution should take twice the quantity. This oil will neutralize every form of vegetable or mineral poison with which physicians or chemists are acquainted. 4. Arsenic may be rendered inactive in the stomach by a diFe of hydrated peroxide of iron, which ia prepared by pourine a solution of green vitriol boiled with nitric acid, or of chloride of iron, ato ammonia or soda, and washing the precipitate. Both arsenic and peroxide of iron can then be removed by the stomach pump or an emotio. EMERQENCIES-HOW TO MEET THEM. Loss of Blood a Real Loss- — ^lany deaths from wounds mi^ht he prevented if the means were immediately at hand for stopping the flow of blood. In any case the loss of blood is a disaster from (vhich it takes a long time to recover. The means to be taken to bave life must be adopted instantly, before a surgeon can be called, ,uid therefore ought to be very commonly understood. Bleeding from Veins— l. Ordinary bleeding from small oats or injuries may be stopped by cold water, or ice, or pressure, until a clot has had time to form. The wisdom of our Maker has made t^iis wonderful provision, that as soon as blood ceases to circulate in its proper channels, or comes in contact with the air, it will coagu* l<\te. Dj this means a plug fa formed at the mouth of an open vessel to stop the flow of blood. Cold water and various styptics, like sulphate of iron, tannin, alum, and matico, hasten this result. 2. It is said that bleeding from a wound, on man or beast, may I'e stopped by a mixture of wheat flour and common salt, in equal parts, bound on with a cloth. If the bleeding be profuse, use a large quantity, say from one to three pints. It may be left on for hours, or even dayn, if necessary. Bleeding from Arteries-— Blood may often be seen to flow • .••?•! V""" ^!"**''st |'vi*3v VI vfs^ TTVuuUi -■ Ilia iii^ttuni'Cn tui? vUdiiiig vs 9 small artery, flight pressure with one fingi r, or the ball of tha thumb over the spot, will stop it as long as the pressure is kept up, and often ftltogetner, even after the pressure is removed. m 25G HoMR AyD Health. •nst .ad of purple. lfth^wound\?of s^^"' t '"«'^' «°'Set°So? of the artery can be seen, it can h7r„o J"i .^*'''**'*°*«'' *hat the end Hi'arp.pointed fork, by any oSe ,/l / ^'^^,*?''«" "P ^^^th a hook or 0/ Ik. sudden alarm, affid with a Sf ' ^'iV^^' "^""^ himtns'Z t 'e l.mb between the wound and thl I!! ^'J^' ^^^'^^wisef «e ;;;"? *« b*"^-*^« handkerchS around andn'nn-'^" '™P^««' d«vic« v:>VrblS]'n7'"^ ""*''*^'^ -^^^«"te^SeVe^ta&^^ ^V-S^SieSSS.^\S^^;;;^iL - an excellent I'l-co of clean dry spon/e S -^nJ^ i ^''*'''»<^t'on o^eth • Cut o inossed tightly and Sd;"*d 1n?o S^'' •J^'« «& be com! ^« soon as the sponge is da-nnened ^f i ' '''''" ^ ^''^^ ^y ^^'^ tooth "' most oases. eff.ctLlly olosftWitf rnlT'"\4 ^^^^^^jt ^.B.--Ior remedy for blecdin, f;o:;fe2.^7^^^^^^^^^^ 'o t loosely aLut t£e imtt'acTf l.fA""*/'' " ^'^'^dkerch eHnd vith a stick twist the handkerch/if ll^T 'if ^'^^ ^•o»«'^- Then A pad can be used instead of a kf/or If'tL^""! "^ ^^'^^^ ^« ^atjZ^ ^^*-- t'^e wou^nd fnd*'the"5fS^ K^ein^' oZT'ot t^ M-Ss^ fr. P''^--- " there be a t;es and the .circula'til « S^StS't t'T^'^'^'^Z'^^ extremi* "'cS srr^^-^ ^^ ^--^^''- ^^a-mt? ^:;ri^«, ^'1] rofammouaorcoloi?ne.u-af„. ' ^^"^."'atiDg substances aa «Pnnkled in the face. ai^V 'iStSto'tr' ^°^'' ^-^- Apparent Insensibility v • T *''^ apartment. to arouse a paS„'fw'h'J^i^*,^;-^;-« -' '— «« should be used li' bed, loosen his clothes and I^f h; .' ^® '"sensible. Lav him »ot.ee whether the breathing 3 nlt^'^ bave a free access of a " whether there are any con iflsTve ,ov.^ f ^'.'■^^"'*'- O'' irregufar' the unne or feces a/e passed TnVZSv' " */}' "•"''«' «"Sh^r both eyes are alike, or larger orsnilliAL^' ^'^^tjier the pupils of rat.ent will bear to have his ev^fn i ^''" "^"^'' O'' whether the aroused at all. !„ all c^ses of l^n ""l^^^' ''^"^^ "''•ether he can be atonco, bycomiiiff bright scarlet colp? aracter that the end 1 up with a hook, or ts about him tn spite ad. Otherwise, tie .he simplest device ing a stick beneath isure be attained to ig is an excellent on ok^eth : Out a IS should be com- left by the tooth, fell, and thus wilL ivent bleeding, see page 137. ' \ a large artery or handkerchief, and he %vound. Then ^ of blood ceases tery is ruptured, leart. If a \ein, n. If there be a i- to the extrejui- ivith the hands, mat cease when ases of fainting, substances, as and cold water the apartment. should be used iible. Lay him ' access of air, ar or irregular' limbs, whether f the pupils of )r whether the ther he can be the attendant " his liearing, b be perfectly effort to speak T- — riace tlie le head lower Emergencies-^How to Meet Them. ^67 than the flhotildevg, Remove all superfiuous clothing from the chest and throat. Neck- ties, collars, etc., hinder recovery. Moisten the nostrils with ammonia. Throw cold water into the face, and strike the palms of tlie hands, and rub them rapidly. Dip a plate in hot water and place it over the stomach and breast- bone. Should all these means f;n, try galvaaism, placing one polo of the battery at tho upper part of the spinal column, and move the other up aad down over the back-bone and the breast- bone. Dislocation, and its Treatment.— This is tlie displacement of two or more bones where articuhir surfaces have lost wholly, or in part, their natural connection, either owing to external violence, or to disease of s^me of the parts about the joint. Dislocation is com- plete when the bones have entirely lost their connection : incomplete. when they parily preserve it ; and compouml, .vhen a wound com. munioates with the dislocated joint. The first thing to be done is to ' reduce the protruded bone to its original place, then to retain it ia that position by means of splints, ligatured as tightly as the circu- lation will allow. The circulation must, by no means, I .i impeded, otherwise mortification will ensue. f "'• » Sprains, and How to Cure Them—A sprain is often mora painful and dangerous than a dislocation. It r3r|uiies immodiato attention. The injured part shculd be wrapped in flannels wrung out of hot water and covered with a dry bandage, or, what is better! cileu silk The limb should not be allowed to hang down, but kept in a quiet, easy position, until after all pain has ceased. Fracture of the Collar-Bone.~If the collar-hom is fractured. tlie attendants must keep the patient in bed without a pillow with the arm on the injured side folded across the chest. Keep the part moist with water " until the doctor comes." ^ .i,F^^*"'®°^*^® Ribs.- If the riU are fractured, the patient should remain m bed ; have a spittoon within reach, so that the expectorations may be duly noted by the physician when he arrives. " Dislocations.— The limbs must be extended by force, until tho contraction of the muscles is overcome, when tlie bone may be roadilv pushed into Its proper place. In case of dislocation of tho iaw. the operator must thrust both thumbs (covered by linen cloths) as far as possible into the mouth, while the Hngcrs precis externally the iaw • then press downward and backward until the back er,,! of the iaw-' bone IS restored to its place. ' 1..% ^^^^°",^^^®~?^?«®^<^e of Mind Needed.-^rany persons lose their lives by want of presence of mind when a small poition of their clothes catches hre ; and many lives are lost by others in tiie room also losing tlieir presence of mind. The liist impulse ot fear ^% A '■"'8 the bell, rush madly about the room, or into passages full of draughts, so that the fire is fanned, and in a few miiurtes the unlortunate sufferer ia honeleaslv burned Clothing on Fire- What to Do. -Tlie first thing to do is to "iiatcli up a licaitk-rug -jr table-cloth, or any woollen tiling that may ;y m HOMB AXD HbalTB. 1' the air, 4 P««of alum inthTwSter .■''■'"1:K''"'"S on fl„ ni""! "tiMrsiX 2- OfSi a mart M„„ , / """" '' '" ^i nose look, w4?V? °'m'i''&"' 'i" sheet to'«.v.9l??*?. ';* "not blood-vessels Iv.^™' . f"e blood ooola «n j '^' ™'»''i »ir. voiii 'oloi- is SS H """'"f » neoessarv' Ait'Vi' *«"• Bub eoM ro„,„, "^„'',:, « «« ,, ben,,mb:7,S ''°»". till thenaS f; This wiU exclude thin reach it should >iQ search of it—a a room, and there is >n over and over on !•.— There is a very ties ani children^ . JJwsoIve a small '"f^. When dry. >wly away, but not Demg injurious to 'ty of turpentina. where it ia or of *f/V» one minute, of lock-jaw. break an etro infn ^fjte of tfe eig 'te IS aU that is ausing the com- ' from Che lungs, id and potatoes^ ps( >ra, •d and water, •s frequently so afda.it is not ™,sir,vom lowly, an(f the .^^«Aeo<. Rub ixx the natural Ko him into a '■y, cover witli »«. let ijim b, II carry down a •h >t will be well *« '8 swallowed, and change the nk in the lee of hBnow. Scrape '««»*• Remeni» ErmrgincUs^How to If get Th^m. 36S .„^ K®^ Treatment for Burns and Scalds. -In both kigaand •mall burns, proteot wefuUy from the air. Cover the wouSZI oil silk ^U do good semco. Vrap • dry bandage upon the butside. ^mov the patient to • bed warmV-oovered. l>o Vot «move th^ bandaae until :i bscoraes stiff and irritating ; tuen remove araduall/ •nd redress and cover quickly. Do not expose any wound to t£ K. "'^*««n»»l "ving germs of the air. Put no $alvc on a L A solution of bl-carbonate of sodium applied to burns promntlv and permanently relieves pain. prompwy 2. Cotton-batting saturated with a solution of carbolic acid is very good in cases of severe burning. It is also good in cases of gunpowder bums, as it prevents discoloration of the skin 8. It is said of oa ium as a dressing for burns, that it induces the healing of extensive sores with remarkable rapidity ; it induces h«alin|| action in those indolent ulcers that are the result of defective r^iPf!!?*''u?'^^**'^"* '' *' .P''«v«°t« a" 8«neU ; it is cheap, saves fme and trouble ; end most important of aU, the resulting scars do not contracti j„*" i° **■*■ ?' scalding or burning the body, immersing the part in cold water gives entire relief, as instantaneously as the Bghtnini. Meanwhile, get some common dry flour, and apply it an inch or two thick on the inmred part the moment it emef^es from the water and keep sprinkling on the flour through anythinc like a pepper-boi cover, so as to put it on evenly. Do nothing el8e,drink notlbimg but water, eat nothing until improvement commences, except some dry bread softened in very weak tea of some kind. Cures of friahtful i™ * performed in this way, as wonderful as they are ut,^ ^rnlsher of metals, b Paris, one day got his hand badly biirned, and in his agony thrust it into a pot of varnish at his side 10 his astonishment the pain at once ceased, and tlie wound rapidly lealed. This cure being reported around, persons in the neichbor- jood who had cot burned, came to the varnisher and were cured in like manner. The news circulated far and wide, and finally reached the medical faculty, and the virnisher was sent for to try his skiU in the hospital. He responded to the call and succeeded in curiua all on whom he operated. The philosophy of the cure is, the var. msh keeps the burn from the air, and gives nature a chance to suonlv anew skm under its protection. *^*^ 6. The white of an egg has proved of late the most efficacious remedy for burns. Seven or eight successive applications of this substance soothe the pain aud effectually exclude Oi^ Lurn from the air. ihu simple remedy seems preferable to collodion or even cotton. Hixtraordinarv ntnrieH »«» t^hi nf *Ua u^.m^„ ~ l: : a new oil which is easJ'y made from the yelks of hens^eara. The eggs are first ^iled hard, the yelks are then removed, crushed, and placed over a fire, where they are carefully stirred until the whole substance is just OA the point of catching fire, when the oil leparatM i' l-(; 260 ^ovR AVD UMirn. '•\i mm^ :.>oveS n?*'."?^''angor. ;l- more to k?n victim« h'Jfi ^ ''Ppress,' . , l> SLj^:" « «» «. ^.c^^aU-!,^■, *0'"^"r- . which ,^S0W t. ^.He W^S^fr '^^^ "first KtC^"*^ ^^ -» the tw?».>^ ^/, J/;-/'*!? from Wound? -A « M'oun.i.s: ■^T'airl, ^'^®^ the foIloS . <'''''"«spondent of •T >n them common* b^^rj;.'''-^' ^'*'' bTrnV'cS^ J P*'"^»' '"••■0K«. Tn & few minT ^u^**"' ^"d hold thewm. ^ ™*^ "prinkle r">eeed r^pW.y''' '""'"^^^ the pain will be allZd ^^ F'''^ ''^ *he Pain from Nail i„ fi, , '''""^'"^ •^•t ".a writer savs.. sa-ar-smoke for ttln7 P*""^"^' «» waa to be «v«» *^,P*"■ ^^ >ce. Sunstroke-Its Bi«f , ^'^'""^ one mentioned iaThe%,^?^-'^'^« earliest caae on record ia the Manassas was )i«>r i, u ^ j^M Em^rgmcus — How to MeM Them. 2G1 for sen )u,- burns. A I' *'y? '■^ha Ud been " ^f '- ^uU « oil by • .rVsisanadinir- rable torlur:«i which ^vity of the wound. rerntHJy beyond tha ^t^ctthe .-oun-ied. '• i.resp tf„ parta ba,aaa/fe, and «ive 'Jch in most cases »t property of all >ntion." correspondent of »edy /or painful als, and sprinkle "Idea part in the 'a» ai I recovery femedF.*— The »ad made a bad ervous irritation the sugar-smoke amgm comfort. 9 '•esulta. La,(, a pair of ice- °t«d.. Held in '"« >t promise* I record is the > harvest; for ?eld, the heat in the city of 'rorn the terrible ^•es, bruise them, t one apriignf JQ_ ow ho jrs "^iien "C- mam. Bethulia." The second instance relates to the son of the Shiuiam- mite woman, who Mas restored to life by the propliet Elisiia : "And when the child was grown, it fell on a day that he went out to his father to the reapers. And he said unto his father, ' Mi/ head, my head.' . . And when he had taken him, and brought him to his mother, he sat on her knees till noon, and then died." Sunstroke Does not Follow Short Exposure— It does not depend upon the short exposure to the direct rays of the sun ; the exposure must have been continued for a day or two. Nor does sunstroke necessarily arise from solar heat. Prolonged confinement in the heated atmosphere of a building may likewise produce it, , Most Dangerous Time for Sunstroke.— About the third or tourth day from the commencement of a heated term, sunstrokes usually appear. The sufferers in most cases are exposed to the heat for some days preceding the attack. In the summer of 1866, the majority of sunstroke cases— generally laboring-men — were brought to Bellevue Hospital in the morning or early in the day. Premonitory Symptoms of Sunstroke.— The Bymptoms of sunstroke are usually headache, vertigo, dimness of vision, nausea, often developing into coma, or even delirium or convulsions, ending in many cases in insanity, softening of the brain, or death. Hints for the Prevention of Sunstroke.- For the preveu' tion of sunstroke, the following are hints, especially when there ia tendency to a hot brain : Wear a light-colored, well-ventilated hat. Avoid meats and other heating foods. Eat plenty of fruit. ^Vet the hair on the temples and top of the head often, but not beliind. If the hot brain pressure is felt cominff on, dash cold water on the face and temples, or in the absence of that, clasp and squeeze both temples with the fingers to crowd the blood back, and rub the back of the neck powerfully to draw the blood from the brain. Where speaial danger is apprehended, wear a cool, wet bandage around the forehead and head. Treatment of Sunstroke— The patient should be removed at once to a cool room, and placed in a recumbent position near an open window. The clothes are then stripped off. and a stream of water poured over the body. The vessel containing the liquid is to be held( four or five feet above the patient, in order that he may receive the benefit of the shock. The stream of water should at first be directed on the head, then on the chest and abdomen, and finally on the extremities, and thus alternating from one part to another, until consciousness returns. Ice rubbed over the body is liked by some ; the cold douche is, however, preferable. Internal medication is useful in all cases. Among the numerous drugs employed, bromide of potassium has been found most efficient. The best results were obtained from its use in Bellevue Hospitaf, in the years 1866 and 1868. This drug may be administered in all stiige* of the affection, When the patient is unable to Bwallow, it kSt>J LI ^^1% 262 Home and Health. from tea to thirt; g?«?ns S^ be^'J'f P^*^ ^° '^^'''-aJ fomJ wfaeuthepuJwU^omiweaKinf ^^i'^'«t«red every half haoT^ the prominent feature. Brandy imd miU n?K "^^'^ «bau8tion i. muat be introduced into thr«fo^»^i?^i ' **'^. ''""dy with ammonia, must be sparingly emploved in tS- ^?*f ' '7^°™; **»« o«»J douche » cold. itVill io^no/ood whatever ' ''*^ "' °*^- ^^ «»« »kin the back of the neck The E^de neS?? T.^ ^« *PP"«d to oae or two weeks. As Hr>nn T. ^ "^^ ^ discontinued for beeenttoacoolXtriftin th« oo„^°"''°°T^ *h« P^ti*"* «hou?d meat The brain mu"t rest from rif^rk'^ ''p^* ^'•'^ '^o'" excite? air and nourishing diet are VssenSAi J r ^.^J^^c'so in the open •nforced. A continuance of Sh f tr«^f "^"'*^*,*"*" •"""* ^ "«'^y prevents, or at least lesseni ;Ji%*"*'™®,°' 'o'" several monthi which follow sunsSoke • ' *°^"' ''°" "^'^^'^^ affectS mk^^'~^LTl&,^^:SL^^^ Important states that "when persSi hao^en to h^*^ able medical professor storm although they may notTe te^rifi JY'*?''t" ^^ * *^»«der. naturally wish for shelter f?omth«Jl?n\^^u^'«*'*'*'°K' y^* they and, therefore, if no houS be S h^A ° '^'''^,^ """*"y attends it ; the newest tree they can Ld Rut^-n'/-"'?J ^ '*^« ^«f««« "nde; «J)Ose themselves to • double danllr ^Ti^\'' *hey unknowingi; heiM thas kept dry/their K«:*TI' /"*i ^'*"«« t'^^i'' clothci tbeHghtning ofS^^aS Wmi "r^''*'^ '"°" ^'aWe to injaty i» wet . ftn^**«^;!r^PfT°« harmlessly over the bodv fcl,r,«« Jniflil in iS'^^^feqilntirre^sUS^^^^^^^ the lW„TnVwhTch Pfrwn or aiimal who hL^n/^irir i ?"" ^''''oches, and kills anv of hayrick, pUlar waTKa? ^*u °'* *^ '' ^^ *he time. Instead hi- way to the nirS house of ; ?f P*"^" '^'^''^^ «>th«' Purs^ whichU no objS that Sn'draf n w"^".* °^ *^« ^°»d o? field there until the stom Us sXdS ^ *'""« '^^^'^ '*' '^' the course it ^t7iJgi''t^:X'';:J^ ^?,^''°« °^ «» --g. yet they ' attends it ; efuge under nknowingly heir clothea e to injury, lose surface ect, instead ling, which >d killa auv e. Instead 'her puraue 'ad or field ind remain uta or iron ionduoting i course it T door, or ed to the iiid throw ; let con- biaed; let XmrgmtM-'Roui to Meei Thtm, 2«3 f ?kiffS*!:;«^^' electricity be made to pasa through the cheat, when bl£te«lo^4TcVsr"'' ''™^""' '' admmiatAem; and'a'iS? ifl thfttinrl «f 1^ ^T "^"?^J* "P. and may cause apoplexy. This but you can't ?baKe ^n'^A m" " ^° '''''' '' ^" ^•^*^«' in alee^ the face is natural. In a fainting fit it has the pallor of death. In apoplexy it is swollen, turbid, and fairly livid Ar.Jdr^t" »'rb ■!' °"™'"^ ■"" ""^ "^ 0°™ » calves of the less Th^sl ma,? ? '" „^"t mustard plasters on the difficult casL strong purS^^^ h^ • ^'°"* *^/ ^'^^' I» these should be accoSpSfw 'ffc or Xw' ^°?. «<«««*»?«« SFSrSrf/A« liabii^t^^StXfitrk c^^'Sbe^^! life, there is no Xpse """' ^'"""^ P'"°^ ^^ P"**^*^' «areSl taiiepus 88 the liurliiv,- of 4 thuudSMn « ,.u.„ «V^'*e from above." As Instan- If a man has fainted in* >•••" i-i — , .- . .^' 'o'^.*ne face is natural. a a man is aooDlectic snf hVm'sI! ^" u"i "^.'^''■' '"' "^^ *'^'b >s deadly nalo With it« wcessTCS ''* '^ "» » "l"^. because the face i« swoUen m4 UtM •f'» Ji. 2U Home and Health. II ' i: ' know you are afrai.l of them or incIhiPfl fn !-♦ *i i way. J Jo not attempt to ariue i"th ihL. r ll ^'^^'^ '.'»^^ *helr own assertions, but at tL. sarne Sn? i? fJ''"',V'^,<=»"trad,ct any of the., their conversation. Se/thJf n Li„ ' ^ ''PP**"" '"tereste.l ia are no k.nves or dan ; ," .^^l .r''''"*f^- '^^^e thnt the,^. BhouM be within cal] ' '"**''" '■^»^''- lumiediate aid iia&^!^?i,.;;sln;S^a!;tSfSfo?5^'S^ ^''"'^'•- «- sometimes occur v hen Tch'd is ee?hil T.'^''*i'^"'«'^"«- T^iey ceded by involui.tary moven enb, of IhL ^^ ?^ *'*"'''* '« "'*«» P"- eyes become fixed aL ?hrbod^ rig'd Te" bXh^'''^-^ '•*''^*' »"« often suspended lor a f w moments nndfL!. f'^^^^'^S 's irregular, body becomes dark red or livid Th ""J^ '"'•^«°« "^ the jerking of the limbs, and ofteA the arms in.l'i V''*^'";'« "'' muscles ^t the face. The atten.Knf tv.^^T? * "' ^^^ ^««S' ""ti the bath, and fhe child be mmerse Hn th« w "! '^^ **""" P''"P*™ » '^"•'m should ha.,e cold M'aterZlied to "t I^-^'-' "^^^^^^ ^^'^^ '"'^'''^ until i:"e ooiiv-dsions cease tni^J'fhA'^ ^. '^^P* ^° ^^e bath After tl.. bath, wrap thet^^ld^f SLm^bfanrer "'' *'"'^"* '*^*'- EMERGENCIES-DROWNING. i. «l«, from tW w.ta h^?K!.ed oL'SA^tTA'^S Fio. 1. *" Il!fio.^f."° ^°''<>,""* «aste precious time bv rer 'Reirinted from The Phmo-Sle,li,'f,l rtc whose editor and pubiishe.ff ^ II CuJk M !• bere inserted. < "*".•". touK, m.^ ' • iiighfm to a hoiis©, a return oi breathing innati, hy themurf^-- -,i •e, wiHiit«iHu8Vf»tit«Mi Sni'ii-getmea—h 'rowrnii//. 265 twelve or fifteen feet. wh?]e t Jo / '^ "'"'®' ^«=^P by.stan.lrrs off --age the patient. ' L?ot*iVl^riXf,\i;-> ^ou?) sLt perrna hia''l^r*°I.^,f ^^^^^^^^^ the patient .„o. /.-. ,.., ^.,,, ^ .n.Kht under if,s forehead (o'S ^h ' r\' '^'^''»' ^'^ ""«^ « will escape from tlio mouth thi^at ., ' 'I, ""^ P'^^'^'^n the flui.l tongue it,self wiJl aho faJl for' anf .'.: .>"'"?''^' '•■'"" *'>- '"»*?«• I^e wmdpipe free. The inou " , .'^' '. "' ^^T ^^"'' *'"' '"tran e to the toun"^^K?''^;^'^^ ove "o feV* of Jj^,rP-' -•» ••'"^klv with . fSd '.J shoulder-blades and on the 81^6^ O , .; . '"'' '^?''>' '^^'t^e*"" the hiH feet, or even to a sittiL nosU^r. 'T''""* ''^^ ^''^' P'^t.ent to position causes the watei tn ^if i . ' "'^^ ^^'- ^^ "lomeut, .» su,.|,\ might utterly strangira p^tat wh*" ""^ ^^"""' "*' *''" »n«^"and feasibly the pat.litCsri.lt ? ? T^'''^' ^^'^ ^^''^''th. * ' "^ v^ater escapes from his mS^Jh!'^^;';^ .ll^T l!;:^^ !" -- - the .;„ ■^'^ciiiiii^ SO soon as thn ii«o. manage him%sI,Hreaftu-de! fie. 2. Md back, and turn l,i„, ,„„ ™" ™^'"« pre»,ure „a the «J„ iiii ilriiniij HoMR AWT) Health. UwtS'ndT''l?tV^'\''t T'^ ""* ^« '"«i»taiaed longer than • imitate.) the'Su?:i tt; of\' ';,'s'';\Tc!;Si!;';vr ^^t- <°5 inade at the rate of not more than fffflnf^^ ^'. ^^ ''»*^"''^ ' « in four secoudH. Thel ia nu ch ZhTlLT:* V". * """r«' '"• ^'" « oftener; but this must beVaJSul "gu i 't,. ^ "t A' ""'" upon the B.de had better be alternated rom St u, leT A?H^ moment of turnmg from the face to thn J.ii 1*? "" ^^ **^® ito thick par. .nd'roWo^jr^o^'^LSr'.r"';"'-''';^^^ TJie water being thoroughly worked out of the lungs by the 5d longer than * f returning life, ;he position first es anil upon the -' face causes (or 'iieex/)ira(ioH of le iiiHpirathn of i regularly, as a Ti ey should I e minute, or oik e ' will be niaue The turning o left. At the ess u re must be lit upward tL* Emergencies — D drowning. 267 test and com* ■h backward, . cord behind en tying the occasionally, ids and feet othing; an o»°ce of 5. Chlori.:cUed sTj Polite i^ and apply, consisting of two narta of hLIT .''''^^"'^^'^■'»«a' poultice; at«l soda! mixerwfth boJlingTatr™'^ P""'*"^' *" '^^^ «^^^^o"- meal wrh^rft^?^t%r;e\?t^tTit.* ^r?- °?.^"^ - "--'j- poultices are made with Cfl' if ** """^ "'"" >* carefuUy. All th«tempe.atu^'sL^u^S^'>t'fe"';.'roo'^ ^^^^*' '^"^ ^^'"^ ^^i,' mJstaiS"tri.r:frhh.ji:of Thfrt"* t"*'*^ <>^ p-^-^ mixed with hoilin/water with" «n'^"'''^-' "^«- ^' should be « a very strong i^uTt'ceJaTeoufreT^'^"'"''? of vinegar added? hnen. with apiirof thfn 3^ '^^^^^ P'^P- o^ •hould b. oarefuUy wip„d will, .?,m,',l°""'''' 1"" "^■•' ">« 'Hn ..u...rd b, ,0ft b.hU»"o„::,'r"reT»;"'«„rs 'tH" -"^'■:'° ———___ "" ~ i"».iiiivca la cue \\ 270 Home and Hkalth. SS---^-°^«--^^^^^^^^^^ BRIEF CURES FOR VARIOUS DISEASES. Colds— Seven Important Reniedie«j.— a -nM ub- ^„ i mumps, or other simiL ailSeiSs wall run itsliuri^of Ttf"/' days in spite of what may be don; for it. unless .emediaf ^.Tl ° •mp pve/within forty-eight hours after itricepSMaTyrur «^ * "S J }"', "P*''^^ *o b« increasingly useful by cuttin^aVoM "short off" before it has taken firm hold on the system The fol lowing are safe, simple, and autl.eaticated remedies^ °^' J^gon*o'f^Snet^ ^Th^'^'lLrrErr t^.7 g^o'^^ room and stay there ; keep it at such a te.nperlture al'JS enti^^ rh«l*>" chilly feeling, even if it requirL a h" d^ed i^eg^^^^^^ Fahrenheit. In aad.tion. put your feet in hot water, half a K deeo ;u.rtr'n7°" .'*^ ^^"^ I^' f^L''"« "°* '"'^^' f^om time to time Vor^a quarter of an hour, so that the water shall be hotter when ^n tako your feet out than when you put them in ; then dry them thoroSih! ly. and then put on warm, thick woollen stockings even Tf ^? h« summer, for summer colds are the most dangerous fund for twentt four hours eat not an atom of food, but drink a^ la^eW ^ yo^u" desire of any kinds of warm teas, and at the end of tllttL^i/l 2. Dio Lewis' remedy is the use of cold water as follows • " Faf no supper On gomg to bed drink two tumblers of coliTater On rising in the morning drink freely of cold water. For breakfast eat a pieee of dry bread as large as your hand. Go out freely durn? the morning. For dinner eat about the .ame as you ate at breakW During the afternoon take a sharp walk or enaia« in L^ .^ exercise which .b,ll produce a liSSe perii^^ti^^Vo wSu? youJ sz:£:r^^i^^^' ''^-' '- jumpintorJiTsS much can dispose of a large quantity of f?od. but thrfeeble and sedentary must eat moderately, or break down early ; for this ki^ i^^"" «"« I'^-'-*-^ - ^orth « dozen cures, naLdy^S'/'S^ *• ■^'IV^S'^r"' °^. ^"""ice. announces what he considers to be a new method of curing a cold in the head. It consSs in inha'h. J & UMT '^' '"^r'^T"'^ "'"'"^"^^ contained in a si eui "! u Ti V ,*^® *^"^® ^^ «•"«" >« completely obliterated the bottla Si^rJ?,.';.^P;^."Al-,^•^l"- tLp/ngency of the'^olS £rUf Cwes /or Vartoua DUeasea, m that the patient may bear it. This easy operation being repeated aeven Of eight times in the course of five minutes, but always very rapidly except the first time, the nostrils become free, the sensa ot smell IS restored, and the secretion of the irritating mucus i» stopped. This remedy is said to be peculiarly advantageous to 5. Borax has proved a most efiective remedy in certain forms of colds. lu sudden hoarseness or loss of voice in public speakers or singers, from colds, relief for an hour or so, ashy magic, may bo oiten obtained by slowly dissolving and partially swallowing a lump ol borax the size of a garden pea, or about three or four grains, held in the mouth about ten minutes before speaking or singing. This produces a prof-ise secretion of saliva, or " watering " of the mouth and throat, probably restoring the voice or tone to the dried vocal cords, just as " wetting » brings back the missing notes to a flute when it IS too dry. 6. The following is an exceUent and safe remedy for children • J ake onions, slice thin, and sprinkle loaf sugar over them ; put irl tne oven, and simmer until the juice is thoroughly mixed with the, sugar. It makes a thick syrup, very nice. Give a teaspoonful aa seems to be needed, four or five times a day. 7. Dr. Geo, M. Beard (allopathist), a well-known medical lecturer and writer, strongly recommends the following formula, or pre- scnption, suggested originally by one of his patients, and since often given by Dr. B. Take, ot camphor, two parts ; powdered opium, one part ; carbonate of ammonia, two parts. Dissolve the camphor to the thickness of cream, and then add the opium and ammonia. Let it be prepared by the druggist. Keep the bottle tightly corked, and take a dose just before retiring at night. Dose, from three to six; grains in a little water. The druggist who puts up the powder will show the buyer the quantity to be taken. It should be kept on hand at aU times, and should be fif^ taken immediately after being chilled through, and should be repeated the following night. How to Relieve Severe Coughs-Seven Good Recipes— 1. ihe paroxysm of coaghing may often be prevent:ed or cured by usiiig a little dry salt as a gargle. Let those who doubt try it. It will relieve the (icklipj in the throat. •2. Equal parts of hoarhound, elecampane root, comfrey root, spikenard, and wild-cherry bark. Boil in one gallou aoft water dowii to one quart ; strain, and add one pound of honey. Take a table- spoonful three times a day, or when the cough is troublesome. J. Koast a lemon very carefully without burning it : when it is thoroughly hot, cut and squeeze it into a cup upon three ounces of sugar, finely powdered. Take a spoonful whenever your cough troubles you. It is good and agreeable to the taste. Rarely has it been known to fail ot giving refief. 4. Take one quart thick flaxseed tea. one oint of honev. half piQt 01 vinegar, two spoonfuls saltpeter. Boil all together in a new earthen pot that is well glazed, until it becomes » pretty thick •yrup ; keep atirnng whUo boiling with » pine stick ; if Iredi fsm, 1 1 I li |! I "? 11 '1 97a HOXB AKD HSAIffS. Jgjeb tree the better. Dose, one tablespoonful three or four time. consumption or prematui death ^J?^'^'"*^ '^r'^^"'^ """^ *"™ *<> often tried by me, with good results whi.r'*^-^ I propose has been stomach before retirinTfSthe niShf '.^t '? «™P'y .*<> take into the infr This esculent inVnuncoolfed S.l ^aw onion, after chew- to collect the waters ?rom thrfunl mdlUnZ^ heating, and tends relief to the patient ^ *"'^°**' causing immediate exLlX:;;pTr1;.;S'anS^^^^^ ^^.^^. »akes amost taste, and will keep fofa veaHn ar-S ? '^''^^T" Pleasant to the an illness, the system has a craWn^ ?or if'''' ,'" '^^o^ering from This is found in cider which is i?L.lnr+T 1^'^^"* ^""'^ ^rink. and allowed to eome to a boil tfin nli^ *^® ^-^ '"^^ "^^^ as made, in a cool cdlar. ' *''®° '''''''^'^' P*^* "» casks, and kept let^SS'one'^ffiJ,;/ JrT^^^^^ of hot water; one and one ha f cups^f St ltd JS^'' ^"*- Strain and add white suffar Boil rWn L^ i ?"*^, «; mo'asses, and one cud of to about Se qifart Then blt^ ^n MJ ^"' 'I %"'^'"«"^^ ^^"^ a little when you cough ^' °^ '* '' ''^^^^ ^o*" ^^^- I>rinl£ f«fs-oJthitetu"galTgrltt"raTttIe n^ *- «Poo- lukewarm water! StfrtelLVd d ink'S '"CS ??^ * P^*.°' tion, if necessary. A nractical nh v«;^/ lu • , P®.** *^® prescrip- «oing?oVd, w\^'a" tto^n^^agVco'ldtl^^^^^^^^ ^^-e dry. Put it closely around the throat Tn f *"^ '"""^ '* partially piece of flannel to keep the mottur« ?n t !t.™P ^'""""^ »* * ^^rg^ throat in cold water and rub brisklv with «° *^' "*!'°^« ''^^'^^ tL catching cold. '''y ^'*" * ^oa^e towel to prevent appeafrotel^os\"ef?ecS.'°L?^^ T^ --^- gargle, but a little alum and honev dhJu^I •' "'^^ ^^ ""a^X «« » Others use a few drops of cainDhoTonlnif ** "' 'T:*«* '" better, affords immediate reifef Tn aVSLSon of '.K' ""^''^ very often water and applied to theneck ?han^ei 1 nff ' ^u""^ °»* ^^ ^ofc has the most Wency in removing ?ntl^^^^^ *« ^* ''^^"^ <« «ool. sJi^^!l®-~^-^« ^i^erent Remedies 8„^..o^ _, »_ ,. v^ =.v. ..=vu= ^ VSU550 Djr ovwioading the Btomalh— r ''• -•' ""■""** Br^ Cwtt for TaHtm Dumet, M It may be relieved by dnnking very freely of warm water, whether It produces vomiting or not. If the feet are cold, warm them or bathe them m water as hot as you can bear it. Soda or ashea in the water will do good. If the pain is. very severe, apply a cloth wrunir out of hot water to the head— pack the head, as it were. To prevent It, let plainness, aimplicity, and temperance preside at your table In some cases medicine is necessary; but if the above is properly earned out, almost immediate relief ia experienced. «- *- ' 2. One-fourth of agrain of ipecac, repeated every half hour or hour, has relieved many cAses of nervous sick-headache, and if the ipecac is continued m one to three-grain doses three or four times daily a cure wiU frequently reaalt— at least the intervals wiU be prolonged. -^r^' -^xtV^^ people aboat the Jumna and Tonsee rivers, India," says Mr. Wilson, " have this way of treating a common headache : They he down by the fire, and with the forehead as near to it as bearable It IS a very good one, I believe. I have tried it myself with success when my own lemedy failed.* »r. Warburton Begbie, of Edinburgh, advocates the use of tur- pentine in the severe headache to which nervous and hysterical women are subject. " There is, moreover," he says, " another class of sufferers from headache, and this is composed of both sexes who may be relieved by turpentine. I refer to the frontal headache which IS most apt to occur after prolonged mental effort, but may likewise be induced by unduly sustained physical exertion— what may be styled the headache of a fatigued brain. A cup of very strong tea often relieves this form of headache, but this remedy with not • few is perilous, for, bringing relief from pain, it may pro- duce general restlessness, and, worst of all, banish sleep. Turpentine in doses of 20 to 30 minims, given at iuwervals of an hour or two. Will entirely remove the headache. ^■^W "1"°*^ simpler cure than any of the above, and one mora hkely to be permanently effective, is to atop drinking tea. Try it See our chapter on " Tea and Coffee and Health." p. 95. *u^^m®?**°^ *°* ,?yspep8ia-Pour Bemedies.-l. Many of the Welsh peasants .ive almost wholly upon oatmeal-cakes and buttermilk, and seldom, suffer from indigestion. The acid (lactic acid) in the buttermilk is regarded as a promoter of digestion. - Dyspepsia is cured by muscular exercise, voluntary or involun- tary, and in no other way can it be cured, because nothing can create or collect the gastric juice except exercise ; it is a product of the human machine. Nature only can make it. .^3. A dyspeptic once read that by sending a doUar to a person in New York he would receive a cure for dyspepsia. On sending the money he wag sent a printed slip with these words : "Stop drinking and hoe in the garden. " The man was angry at first, then lauffh«a ftua uuaiiy »ii.pped unnkiiig and " hoed in the garden. " The result * Medical and Surj/ieal lUporUr. m HoiM jjn> Hkalth. There ia more iu this was, in a short time he was as well as ever, oare than would appear at first sight.* T u* / "oathern gentleman says : "For something near two years I had suffered with dyspepsia and soreness of the gastric origans. Dunr .; that time 1 used several different preparations, and advised with every physician I met, but still coul^ get no permanent relief. *our or fave months ago I commenced the use of a remedy that has proved very beneficial to me. Here it is: Every night before 1 retire, and every morning just as soon as I rise, I give myself a good pounding all over the breast and stomach, breathing long full breaths frequently during the operation, and throwing my afms in every direction. 1 followed this course energetically for some time JVowI have no symptoms of dyspepsia, and the soreness in mv stomach, which gave me an untold amount of annoyance, has almost entirely disappeared. Of course the pounding must be light and moderate at first. This remedy is simple, and can be nted by all." Bmousness-Its Sjmiptoms and Cure.~Bad blood, too much blood, giving headache, bad taste in the mouth mornings, variable appetitj, sickness at stomach, chilliness, cold feet, and great sus- ceptibihty to taking cold ; no one person may have all these symp- toms when bilious, but one or more is always present. Sometimes a bilious person has a yellow tinge in the face and eyes called •' bilious, because the bile, which is ye"ow, is not withdrawn from the blood ; it is the business of the liver to do that, but when It does not do it it is said to be lazy, does not work, and the phy- ■ician begins at once to use remedies which are said to "promote the action of the liver." It has been discovered within a few years that acids " act on the hver, such as nitric acid, elixir vitriol, vinegar; lut these are artificial acids, and do not have the uniform good effect of natural acids— those which are found in fruit and berrfes. Alniost all persons become biiious as the warm weather comes on • nine times out of ten nature calls for her own cure, as witness the almost universal avidity for "greens, "for "spinach, "in the early spriug, these being eaten with vinegar ; and soon after, by the benign arrangement of Providence, the delicious strawberry comes the rasp- berry, the blackberry, the whortleberry; then the cherries and peaches and apples, carrying us clear into tho fall of the vear, when the atmosphere IS so pure and bracing that there is general good health everywhere. ° The most beneficial antibilious method of using fruits and berries as health promoters is to take them at dessert, after breakfast and • A ViRT S^OBSTivB Curb -If any dyppeptic young lady mV. take five pounds of loose-waistedness, four of short skirtedness, three of bodily cleanline^ and warn|y-cl.)the(lne88, and with these take a stomach moderately full of unseasoned fruiU and vegetables, and unbolted, unfermented bread, two or three times a dav with nothing between excepting occasionally a pill, or half a gill, of pure soft water' flei i. hefrtorw^out ••aio«i'''"'aicoh^"ri;T^£^'^ Brief Cures for Varioua Diseaaet, 275 more in this dinner ; to take them in their natural, raw, ripe, fresh state, with- ouc cream or sugar, or anything else beside the fruit themselves. f* * ^ •'*^ ****" ^^^'y "lorning on rising, and on retiring, is otten eflicacioua m removing a bilious condition of the system, giving a good appetite and greater general health. T * r*V°" ^«"'°g "P and going to bed, drink plenty of cold water. Jiat for breakfast, until the bilious attack passes, a little stale bread, say one shoe, and a piece as large as your hand of boiled lean beaf or mutton. If the weather is warm, take instead a little cracked Wheat, or oatmeal porridge. For dinner take about the same thing, iro without your supper. Exercise freely in the open air, producing perspiration, once or twice a day. In a few days your biliousness is all gone. This result will come, even though the biliousness is ona of the spring sort, and one with which you have, from year to year, been much afflicted. Herb drinks, bitter drinks, Liger-beer, ale, whiskey, and a dozen other spring medicines, are simply barbarous.* Diarrhoea and Dysentery— Nine Remedies.—!. In all cases of diarrhcea, dysentery, etc., perfect rest should be enjoined, which •dda niore to the removal of tlie difficulty than the too-frequent use of medicine. A recumbent position is best. 2. Parched corn and meal, boiled in skimmed milk, 'and fed frequently to children suffering from summer diarrhoea, will almost always cure, aa it will dysentery in adults, and often the cholera in Its earlier stages. 3. Common rice, parched brown like coffee, and then boiled and eaten in the ordinary way, without any other food, is, with perfect quietude of the body, one of the most effective remedies for trouble^ some looseness of the bowels. 4 Put a quarter pound of oat-meal, an ounce and a half of sugar, half a teaspoonful of salt, and three pints of water, into a stew-pan, boil slowly twenty minutes, stir continually. Before serving, add one pint boded milk, one ounce butter.and a little pounded spice. 5. A spoonful or two of pure, raw wheat-floar, thinned with water so it can be easily drunk. Three or four doses, taken at interTals of ten or twelve hours, will generally cure any case not absolutely chronic. To make the dose palatable for children, it can be sweet* ened, and flavored with some drops not acid. 6. A physician savs : ",My attention was called, a short time since, to a novel, bat nevertheless successful, remedy. While rendering medical assistance to an extremely sick patient with an obstinate attack of cholera morbus, all my remedies were of no effect until, by request, a large onion was peeled and cut in half, and one half placed in each arm-pit. In several attacks since th;it time have I seen this remedy promptly control the incessant vomiting, and relieve the di.«tressing nausea." 7. Take one gill of rice, and place in a spider over the fire, stir- nng It constantly until thoroughly brown. Do not burn it. Al Bonn na if. ia fK/M./Mir.lil.» Km^«»« ^iI xi -_*.i-_ _ wi i •«• ° ~ - 's^'v — "Til, liii luo apiUKr witn uGiiing waser, 'n • Dlo Lewis. 276 Home and Health. '■B ftnd let it boU Until the mass is of the consisteucy of thin paste If the rice is not cooked perfectly soft, add a litUe more water and let It boil away again. Be careful at the last monif i.t that it does not burn ou the bottom. When cooked soft, turn into a bowl, sweeteu tt-ith loaf or cnishel sugar, and salt to suit thu taste. Eat in milk. 8. tor diariha>a in children, take one cup wlieat flour, and tie in a Btout clotli, and drop in cold waier ; tiien set over the fire and boil three houra steadily^ • After it is cold, remove the cloth and crust formed by boiling. The ball thus prepared can be kept ready for use for any length of time. To use, grate a taolespoonful for a'cup- f ul of boding water and milk—, aoh one-half. Wet up the flour with a very httle cold water ; stir in, and boil five minutes. Sweeten to taste. Use a little salt, if desired. a Nothing is easier to check than chronic diarrhtea, if it is of the genuine kind, which you may know by the symptom of a clean, very smooth tongue. If the tongue is not clean «nd smooth, the diarrhcea may be an effort of nature to clean you out, and you had beat let it alone. If it is rtally chronic diarrhoea, take pills of opium and tauniu (provided they are prescribed by your physician), one grain of each at intervals durmg a few days, and it will stop the trouble. But stop using the pills as soon as posaible, or you miy have trouble of an opposite kind. . CoTistipation— Cause and Cure.— Over-induljience in animal food 8 a Irequent cause of coustipat.on. 2so nation consumes such quantities of flesh meats, and so many times a day as the American Dyspepsia and cou8ti])ation result. The rapidity with which w« eat, and which causes dyspepsia, is equalled by the carelessness, the hurry, and the neglect which we inflict upon the colon and rectum A neglect of a regular and proper hour to evacuate the bowels often induces constipation. Abstain from tea and coffee, eat plenty of fresh vegetables, drink a glass of water immediately after rising in the morning, eat slowly and matticate the food wi II, avoid salt meats and salt fish, and take one tablespoonful of sulphur every other night after rising. Cures for Boils.— l. An experienced and well-known New York physician" prescribes the following cure for boils : Procure oae ounce horse-radish root, one ounce yellow-dock root, and one-quart of cider. Boil ten minutes. Drink a wine-glassful three times a day. Ihe physician referred to hinted, sub rosa, that the cider need not be continued after the boils are cured. 2. As soon as the characteristic culminating point of a boil makes Its appearance, put in a saucer a thimbleful of camphorated alcohol, and, dipping the ends of the middle fingers into the liquid, rub the inflamed surface, especially the middle portion, repeating the opera- tion eight or ten times, continuing the rubbing at each time for about half a minute. Then allow the surface to dry, olacing a sliohb coating of camphorated olive-oil over the affected surface. One such *I>r, ^Tslter Falmef. Brief Cures for Variom Diseases. 277 •pplication, in almost all such casee, causes boils to dry on and disappear. The application should bJ made at morning, nooi^ «d iJinHp-.'fT^^-p J*'" '""^° treatment will cure whitlfWs, ,nd" 1 Thf r«lfi • -A Tu^ ^°'' ^" .: -uutes in camphorated Vweet-oil. aD^l?^?^n^.®°^*°^ ?F° Ulcers. -1. Dried and pulv -ed day applied to an ulcer will cure it in a short time, and leave , ,r. ^ •p;iicati«n fTn^' *"'"", "'"'• r^^' 8"od results, as an ernal dCdZh 1,^ f'' f"^^^\o''"^'; ^^ '""y *»« "««d undiluted or flilutod with equal parts ot oil or glycerine. cranhprn^^'T**^^^ cyanide of potassium, so much used by photo- wTth ft w^h^« be guard« pati^bsides. If the felon is too far advun .d to "put back," this same remedy will o. 1 1 obe the swelling of the finger, making a small incision where the pam appears greatest. The pain of the operation may be form Th^/ S' ^r'.^''P?-^*^"" "^ ^*h'^'- «' inhalation of ThToro form. The after-treatment is equally simple. The small wound is ten^nT^,tJ^'^^^'^''^^ carbolic acid, ^and bathed morning .n3 e.emng in tepid water. In a few days it is perfectly healed. * « Wn^fni ^" «^^;*t®» crock, put in a quantity of live coals, throw on It^tl TJ" ''^ JT'^7'' ^"'■' and ^,rown sugar ; then steam tS bf?nU-P ^^'''■*''''"*u^"'^"'"^""*«^'^*'Pe'^tin|twoor three tim^ l^o?«&\h '?• *^"' fc':'"« *^° affected-part only coming in ^. tact w ith the steam. This is guaranteed as a certain cure hftvp wffLi'VJi ' tlxe ,d.tt^cr, says : "i'or tiie pa.st tei> years we Have tieated felons with hot water, and with unerring success. No n M' i 278 Home aito Health, ■-} :, Srtv!f*fK ^''«*f""ft ^,^' ^nytlu'ng. but immersing the finger hand. SntTth« « ^' •'''" "" '^ licoeasaiy, in water as h?t aa caX'brC Kne Xn !"nr'' '^y^*^' ^^'••^ '« ^«°«^"^d and drawn fror Th'' h^ been pursued ^f"n,h^r T'^'^r^ T""^^' *^« ««"^« --""« « Tai.r*i \ r ?" ^^^ ^'^"'^ o*" ^oot, keep it in hot water " «„?; J /''r ''°^.* ''^ .*^« P^*"* l^^o^^'* «»« dragon root, Jad; S tlie iiMie muK each time. If the felon la just startine this will ^riv» ,> St 'jfnT'^''?* ^1^'^V^''^' '* willdiawit oS qVcWy aid tentlv to.r.^lg " Pre,cnpt,on, the cnoers ..d .„„■„„ h.rK; •ttUv:'":' d"^' ' ""^ "' »«cti„g.pta.er, .„d .pp.j, J.?.'i'e; iMdon Thl'S'- ' '■■''"?°'"?"> owtment which ia employed in SdrtS„^?n^'Tf- 'r *.S"'* ■"»' ""«" «"» leave. bMome SrUe (2) Go out much in the sun (5 ^"Jt^v*te a cheerful, joUy temper ^ ^^ (7) Jjixercise freely every day in the open air. * Medical ana Surgical Reporttr. JSrl^ Cttres for Variom Diseasetf £79 nger, hand, .11 bo borne, ^n fror> th(< amo course t water. " f^ack-iu-the- iit one-half mer gently ly as hot as ), adding a fc'ill drive it iud gently, ially after 1 far a car- Relief— )I applica« iays. The led by the have been instances id been of aining the long as it ed ; put a ibe cancer nnd to be ploved in resh stra- aves with 16 friable, ead upon be cured, following :nesses of ble. lit (8) Keep yonr skin open by a regular morning bath in loap and water. Treatment of Scabies- —With regard to the efficacy of aulphar in the treatment of this disease, T)r. Carl H Smith, of Kenton, Ohio, writes the Boston Medical and ^surgici'f J >urnal that he has employed it, mixed with glycerine, to the consistence of an ointment, in upwards of five hundred cases, in civil and army practice, with unfailing success. In three or four days t le disetise disappeared, in every instance, one or two applications having been made daily. Whooping-Cough— Two Views of Giving Medicine. —1. Dr. Arnold, of Maryland, discussed recently, at a meeting of the Medical Association, the question of whooping-cough, in the following strain: '* J am more and more impiesse'l with the little reliability of thera* peutie remedies in this disease. We have so many m* es pre- sented for our acceptance ; some based upon certain jlogical theories ; some upon no theory at all, and others upon a uciusion. In my own family this disease prevailed ; I did nothing for it, and it got well in six weeks. If I had used medicines I would have thought that I h 1,1 cured it. We know nothing of its cause ; there is great diversity in regard to its pathology, and no unanimity of treatment. Many popular remedies are in use, but in bad cases no remedy seemi to be of any great benefit." 2. T. Prestwick, in the Lancet (December 9, 1871), reports over thirty cases, showing the \alue of cod-liver oil in whooping-cough. The improvement following the use of the oil in his practice has been such that he considers it as a specific for whooping-ooiigh. As the spasmodic attacks of this complaint are almost always preceded by inflammatory or catarrhal symptoms, these he treats in the usnal manner, and afterward admini.sters the oil. It is a remarkable cir- cumstance that not one death has occurred when the oil has been administered and has been retained on the stomach. Croup— Six Methods of Instant Relief. —One teaspoonful of molasses and a teaspoonful of goose-oil, given to a child inclined to the croup, will generally relieve it at once. For speedy relief, take a knife or grater, and shave or grate oflf in small particles about ate^npoonful of alum ; mix it with about twice the quantity of sugar or honey, to make it palatable, and administer H- as quickly as possible. Tiiis will give almost instant relief. • ' A lady correspondent of the Maine Farmer says the following is an effective remedy for croup ; *' Half a teaspoonful of pulverized alum in a little molasses. It is a simple remedy, one almost always at hand, and one dose seldom fails to give relief. If it should, re* peat it after one hour. " French physicians < aim the discovery of a perfect cure for croup in flour of sulphur exhibited in water. M. Lagauterie gives in croup teaspoonful doses of a mixture of sulphur and water (a teaspoonful to a glass of water) every hour with wonderful eflfecta. Seven severe f^Mses were cured in two days. ■M tu ■,%.. O^. %t: IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) fe /. 1.0 I.I If i^ IIIIIM L8 IL25 ■ 1.4 Photographic Sciences Corporation 1.6 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. I4S80 (716) 872-4503 \ <^ ,.v C/.A sa# Home ajxd Hkalth. Journal, d^vih^\he"iccSs{ulo!^' ^ *^* ^^'^^ «n^ -ywraAv.! ™«p, «d without SKcS'oSm J^S '"'"'• ";;* ™"bL»J in 1862 I exam ned tliP f .3 w qmnme m crouB • "SlZI^rT^^ass of Persons Aff^^f..A ^t„ ^ ^^^^ ^^^.^^ ''^or&T?*elrlf'^r.Affected.--In a ^vuB ' m f «s««rche8 on the Cau" "nH""^ ? * ^.°^ ^^t^led propagation, for England and iZ^^T' ^"" °° '"fluence upon S *««•«. iti«« beeSrredla'u^^rS t^^S cauve of th. ^UMl and Surgical trerae case of croup w lime-water. Ths ^M ™*°ibraneoui JVo time was to b« ^ blanket was thee ausetheinhalatioi: itient was fully re- 98 the following to 111 croup : Wren who died ol with a yellowish, r), the membrane I passed down the Its walla. There lalse membranei ion. hildren took th« I a few hours the slowly choking. •eat, and I asked nnammation and which manifests ng to the latter >r a child twelve surprising; the 1 was given, and -ry. the quinine > treated several bronchitis and the distress is * book entitled I'e of Catarrhus published some r disease. He ' is not aristO' n to the spread upation. And liy element in ted effect upon o. after which otiand, Italy, lence upon its geographically f 152 patients, cauve of the Brief Cures for Varioua Diseasei. 281 of flowers, the pollen of blossoms, and especially of grasses. Th« authoi * experiments led him to the conclusion that it is to the poUeu of flowemng plants (moluding grasses) that the disease is duer He collected pollen-grams from the atmosphere, and gives curves show- l^?fS! °"™'^'^of grams which gathered on a square centimeter of ..SS:^"*^J?E~^°®*^^^*®^ Most Affected.-By using kites he !ST*^ the proportionate amount of pollen at high levels in the atniosDhere with the somewhat remarkable result, that at 1.500 feet above the earth the pollen was found to be more abundant than ^f.nL*'"'"^**'*;, ^^! author found that germs and spores of othS plants generally outnumbered the pollen, and he thinks that "if these should resemble pollen in its capacity for absorbing water and dischargmg granular matter under the influence of moisture, we may have a form of finely-divided vegetable and animal matter thrown into the air which the best modern instruments might fail to discover the nature and origin of, but which might, nevertheless, be n/nt^''l"^l*"5i^°' dis^e." As to the places least likely to be affected by the disease, the author found hav-fever least common in those localities where pollen is least likely to be plentiful, such as tho centers of large cities, the sea-shore, and high-lying districts given ap to pasturage. e, j a «i<.tiivt» Remedies for Hay-fever.— Dr. George M. Beard, in a new treatise on the subject of hay-fever, expresses the opin oMfJrmed afte^ extensive observation and investigation concerning over Two remfdf. Sl^f f' ^^'TV' not\menable to aSy s^c^c h!S- T'ut * ® l^^mg indications are prevention -avoidance ,.f heat, hght, woriy, dust, vegetable and animal irritants, and other fwf« r"""?' ^«f « yi'^g tfie system bv tonics before 'and during inl-^iJ^ ' *?^ ^«^'evi°g the symptoms 6y sedatives and anodynes! Int.^ T" rt'?.T ^^'*i"'^ bjr^ovt to the sea-shore or to J sea- Toyage, high latitudes, and-for those who cannot avail themsel^s of such changes-cool, closed, dark rooms. wemselves v^S^^^iu^ Fevers. -For the early stages, when the skin is hot, a ITll * ^'f,**' ^J^'^ 'Pf °S^".8 ^'" ''^ "««^°1- Cleanse the eyes and Tmlll i'''*'' JfJ*' *"^ f P'>" ''^ ^»°* «« often as necessary. If •maU-pox, and the pustules-have burst, this is all that is pr^ictic- able. Light poultices to the face will prevent pitting, fo allav nril^*' tI**"* P"'*" t? ""^ ^^"^ ^^''^ ''"^ "^^J' with*^olive-oil and colj cream. The same will apply in scarlet-fever. In small-pox the nurse must examine the body ; and if she finds any signs of abscesses IZTf' '''**"*^ ?r'.* ^ ^^^ phy.ician, she shoulddso use eve^ precaution against bed-sores, " ' Synwtoms and Preventires of Fever.— Fevers, and many Mcuto diseases, are Often preceded by a loss of oppetiti, headache, shivering, «' pains m the bones," indfsposition td work, eto. In such eases SDOnire with temni wafar anA ...t. *U^ u~<»_ i.:,^ -II -_i_ _ X to bed, place hot brioks tp the feet^ take nofhing but » little gmel •111 I 282 Home and Health. I or beef-tea. and drink moderately of warm cream-of-tartar water. If you do not feel better the next morning, caU a physician. If that be impossible, take a dose of castor-oil or epsom salts. Belief of Sea-sickness.— A distinguished physician writes • "In the greater number of mstances I allow the stomach to discharge its contents once or twice, and then, if there is no organic dise^e I give five drops of chloroform in a little water, and, if necessary, repeat the dose in four or six hours. The almost instant effect of this treatment, if conjoined with a few simple precautions, is to cause an immediate sensation, as it were, of warmth in the stomach accompanied by almost total relief of the nausea and sickness, likel wise curing the distressing headache, and usually causing a quiet BJeep, from which the passenger awakes quite well." To Avoid Sea-sickness.— While sitting, avoid resting the feet on the floor. Be seated so that tlie roll of the ship shall not pitch you forward or backward, but from side to side. Whenever the premonitory symptoms of sea-sickness occur, do not fix attention on any near object ; omit reading or writing ; go to meals rejralarlv • eat sparmgly. of plain food. e> j » Temporary Belief for Neuralgia— i. A New Hampshire gentleman says : •• Take two large tablespoonfuls of cologne, and two teaspoonfuls of fine palt ; mix them together in a small bottle • every time you have any acute affection of the facial nerves or neuralgia, simply breathe the fumes into your nose from the bottle and you will be immediately relieved." ' 2. Prepare horse-radish by grating and mixing in vinegar, tho same as for the table, and apply to the temple, when the face or head IS affected ; or to the wrist, when the pain is in the arm or •noulder. Cure of Stammering.— The effectual cure mainly depends upon the determination of the sufferer to carry out the following rule • Keep the teeth close together, and before attempting to sneak, in- spire deeply; then give time for quiet utterance, and, after very shght practice, the hesitation will be relieved. No spasmolio acti n of the lower jaw must be permitted to peparate the teeth when speaking. ^ MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH NOTES, Pine Woods and Health.— The pleasant odor emitted by fir- trees in a sunny atmosphere has long been thought serviceable to invalids, and the vicinity of pine woods has been declared salu- brious. ^u*^P^ Of Cold Water in the Face. -It is dangerous to wash the face in cold water when much heated. It is not danger- ous, but pleasantly efficacious, if warm water is used. A Most Befreshing Bath.— Sun baths costs nothing, and are the most refreshing, life-giving baths that one nan t^ike^ whether Mieelhne&ut Health N^otei, 283 •of-tartar water. » physician. If n salts. jian writes: "In to discharge its ganio disease, I a, if necessary, instant effect of ecautions, is to in the stomach, d sickness, like- causing a quiet resting the feet shall not pitch Whenever tlie )t fix attention leals regularly ; sw Hampshire of cologne, and a small bottle ; cial nerves, or rom the bottle, in vinegar, tho. lien the face or ) in the arm or ' depends upon ollowing rule : g to speak, in- nd, after very No spasmolio urate the teeth mitted by fir- serviceable to leclared salu* dangerous to is not danger- hing, and are sick or well. HeAltb." Read carefully our chapter on "Sunlight and To Prevent Harm from Drinking Cold Water. —It is a verv safe rule to wet your wrists before drinking cold water if at , , *''\**"- ''^'*® ^ff®** " immediate and grateful, and the danger of fatal results may be warded oflf by this simple precaution. How to Avoid Pneumonia.— Never allow yourself to be chilled through and through ;" it is this which destroys so many every year, in a few days' sickness, from pneumonia, called by some luna- fever, or inflammation of the lungs. iu^?^^^^°? After Being Tired.— If very tired physically, lie on the back, knees drawn up, the hands clasped above the head, or resting on the elbows, the fore-arm at right angles, and the handg hangmg over by the bend of the wrists. Opening Abscesses Under Water.— According to Me Vienna correspondent of the Chicago Medical Examiner, opening abscesses and buboes under water, and applying plaster of Paris, is bein* tried there with satisfactory results. Pie-crust and Dyspepsia— Whoever eats heavy pie-crust com- mits a crmie against his physical well-being, and must pay the penalty. The good housewife should see to it that all pastry and cakes are light ; no others should be eaten. Little Tilings and Health.— The little causes must be looked for. There are the little errors in diet, the little violations in our habits of exercise, study, sleep, dress, etc., etc. The wise and pru- dent will carefully attend to the little things. Quarding Against Diphtheria.— People cannot be too care- ful in regard to diphtheria. No disease is so difficult to guard against after it has once entered a household. But where people liva comfortably and cleanly, slight precautions are sufficient to keep it away eutirely. Eating at Certain Intervals.— After fifty years of age, if not a day-laborer, and sedentary persons after forty, should eat but twice a day— in the morning and about four in the afternoon ; persons can soon accustom themselves to a seven hours' interval between eating, thus giving the stomach rest, for every organ without adequate rest will •• give out" prematurely. . Time Reauired for Di?esting Food— The following is the time required to disjest certain articles of food : 1 pound of meat, 3 hours ; cheese, 3^ hours ; milk, 2 hours ; eggs, 3 hours ; veal, 4 hours ; fowls, 4 hours ; pork, 4 hours ; tripe, 1 hour ; bread, 3^ hours ; boiled potatoes, 3^ hours, roasted, 2 hours ; cabbage, 4i hours ; beans, 2^ hours. Cold or Warm Drinks.— Whoever drinks no liquors at all, will add years of pleasurable existence to his life. Of cold or warm drinks, the former are the most pernicious. Drinking at meals in- duces people to ent more than they otherwise would, as any one can i t tli 984 HOMB AND RbALTB. forward mntmn ,.* Vi! >a"way car are the most healthful Th« •cenes and atmospherea the most "ailgerouT ^ '"'■°* '"*^ J) Set%r^f.fre?;3l„?eS^^ Sf--« (^;^-- Me,, and aixty-one female operatresuS^tLlw^n^^^^ ''* ^""^"^^ were not more subject than oTh^f^J^ if- '"^"'"''^'''"®« *b»* they that certain other ewes wln^hl ,^?»l^'n«- women to disease, and •imple coinVdencerand tt rei^r^^^^^^ ''*" «¥«"«y somen's strength. *** ^^°^^ ^° "^^ew for the ap^ie^Srnfny^ffn^Jj;-^^^^^ ^;"«' ^^^^^^ '"*«'"»»y and wiSe. takeTerJ^beSrrshthUT^"' '''"!"''*• ^o make the cotton, and you^Z^ve a beautiful wir;t^^^^^ makes at once a cooling a.d V^llu:^Zk:\:te.' ^^!JS' coSn'o?L'n"1f SV^^^^^^^^^ *^°"* Sitting -ITery shoulders a^ains? the chah^&ck^wTth^ among men. is with thi tween the chair- back and the W,T'*? t ^P^f °J »<'v«ral inches be- body the shape of a ha"f h^ Ht is^he'^IS^^l?" 'P'"'''- «'">« *"*» and almost universal DositionL's,,» L k '"^tantaneous, instinctive, down unless coSS d Ta." ff^^^^ '"^ ""-« should regard such a position in tlmirL^M * -iJ ^®"^« parents and should rectify it Jt once *" aPprehension, alUflEjrwi?il^*i[;5,^li%?„^^^^^ people, and , «..r!v=., oit wabifcuaiiy tirooked, in one or MUceUemMut Btatth ITotet, t devAsUtea tht ' a pill, place i| 3r. The largest l»8te left in the e, aloea, etc., is root. «ing equal, the healthful. The Lward, carrying ml passengers, ler's "breath." •reduce conges- ve bowels, sit. bor or a rapid ( air, especially ch a train, etc. kg-picker, who The breath of carriage-step, i-wanderer, m care of years, e infant into j'Utimi Medi- i six hundred ine, that they disease, and ere evidently Jvere for the nternally and To make the > a tine palp, ts of berries, in it through little sugar, not ferment. ttg.— A very is with the al inches be- \ giving the instinctive, ve on sitting mce parents >prehension, people, and id, in one or 281 S3J ^? °' i^* ^^\ There was a time In all these when the Jj^L^J*" "l?"? 1?°*°^.' ^^^"^ *J>«« ''w no* *he first depart? SrLf 1 *^K '?*^ tt^****"-. ,/'»*' """^^ of o^r ch"". especially that faSj- fhlTr *^' «"^i«Jdy ^-^^l disease-angenderingrocking-S, tef^tefw''*'''V-".^ undoubtedly, in some instances, feads to bodily habits from which originate the ailments just named, to sav nothing of piles, fistu a and the like. The painful orTore f eSS S th« Wlf it!;^ *'• "K'*^ ^'*^ incessantly for years at the extremU? wsteuint;^^«kf n^l'T^* °J ''"'?« '° euch a position that i^ the cha^ bick. * * P**'"* """*'»* '°°^«« fo''«^"d ^f *nSk?i!?Kff^®*^®®", Meals. -Tlie habit of chewing substances of any kind between meals is always harmful to health. The chewinc SaTttTh.W organs which secrete the saliva, and exhaust them !? S?i L ^V!**°^'"^P!:o'"ot'°« «»« digestion of food is dimin- ished in quantity and efficiency. ^The act of shewing always excites It «xh "^ *^^'''^' A ^x"'?""' ^^° «*»«^ ^"'n »oon become senslKf the exhaustion and fatigue of the salivary glands. The same is t^«°^l'*'r.r^'' chew tobacco. In order to^the bit co^itiS, i these glands they should rest " between meals." ""'""« w t^Sff^t^^ ^5' Feverishness—When persons are feverish and tMte m the mouth one of the best "coolers " is to take a len"n cut off the top. sprinkle over it some loaf-sugar, working it dSwS'into the lemon with a spoon, and then suck it slowly. InvaUds S mrmaX'dTn?fi''t' '^"f fT. ^-"«"« ^^^y iu';:h is manner J ^rUn^f^ioi *"'*^*'',°^'^^'*®^ ^y * »«"«« Of coolness, comfort, end invigoration. A lemon or two thus taken at " tea-tiike " is for aome an excellent substituto for the ordinary supper in summer i«-„fl?^® f?*j^"" 0^ LeaimeS8.-Leanne8s may be caused bv insufficient food, pv over-exertion, or both. But tL usual «Wse is disease ; the vital powers being more occupied in remov ng U^Su " aZ^f PO«ons, and overcoming abnorm,5 conditioTthanTd gesting and assimilating nutrient material. The patient should eat ^1 the plain nutritious food that he can assimilate?^ Those lew lir. SlJ^i«« "?* ^o-^tomed to fruit wIU find baked sweet a^le^a SSf i w Wf *° '^i '"?^ *^>«^° ''"^' Oat-meal mush, with a bre^li.rwHJ"°t*^^'^'.*°^.*r.?'' *•>'•«« baked apples, make a breakfast with which any lean individual jnay be justly content. . Pi!*"*®' Obesity. -The diet advised for fat persons, bv the best authorities, consists of food containing a large ^^rceSage of niiJo? Thp » Jil° * 'Tk ^«««»*bles without starch, and cookfd fru?t ar. to be added, for the purpose of moderating the excitation due to animal nourishment. Beer is forbidden. Use very little suca? Cheese, Dotatoes, rice, beans, peas, maize. macaronrLioca arrow! toot, and soups are not allowed. The use of sulphatolJ sodaT. SlTn^A^ " T^«a«n« the transformation of ?,i J^geno^T^" watei *- P'"VPkm^ says that eaten by the people on account o/""'"''^',''^'""«* universally Not because t^o/are diurctL W t ^'"1'?'^^ '"^dical qualities, which infest the^bowels &^i\^^^^^^^^ J"t'J-te against an/malcul» nuts are here. ^ ""^^ '" *^« streets as apples and the'li^fVLlitldf 'Crf ^^">«v '^'^"^ «^ t*Pe-orm by •re bruiseJ inTZvtiv\nttr^^^^^^ *h« «eedi by the patient after fitin^ so^l fc ^^'^^ ?^'«- I* '« swallowed chyle in the stomach au§ the t.n. ''' ^'^l i* ^^^^ ^^^ pl*°« of membrane and becomes gorged with tlS^^^, b't ^' ''' ¥^" *^« measure, probably, torpid. '£„„],*„ ^ substance, and in some istered, and the wormaCe ejected bi^nilfl"'' ''^ castor-oil is admin- their hold. ■'°°*^'^ ^^'O'^^ *^ey are enabled to renew haJi;.^tar;ds%&tb7w;t ''*'^'^^ •^^^^^ '^°* «"ff«' from dippeS in vinegar-wateror lemli'-"''?"*^''^^"'^ the hands aro acfidfistroysthfcoSsTveeffeoTnf^^h''^/'?^^ »ft«'-. The 80ft and white. ^'^'^''^'^^ «ff««' of the alkali, and makes the hands ft^'^ojlill^^^^^ of borax in thi.e ful8 of spirits of camphor and h'fHf"^ *'/*'^°*®"^P°°"- mixed with an equal ouantrtv nf * ^/°'' "'^- ^ tablespoWful with a .oft hr.sf,%r:^ai:L'X trtrethtnr^/'^^^*"^ moTh%^TarbiS'ne^Tnd*?? ''^^f'''''^ P-cipal cfu,:. of »ucces.Ki Physicir;;^4 t--ti^;^^x^ ^.ffrrpj^ol ♦Mr. SchiiHl, i„ //aiii.'^'V nf-«« »nother t-^SZ'^i^;'^SSh^&'±;f^^^^ of 6ontagio„s ma. substances, pis e quicSv frfm n^^ T"''^ '^^ *^« *»«>«* odion« any diseas^Hr fSKattS to m.L^-^r *^ *.°°*'»"' »'»d '«>"» yhey may thu. ,^nL^'L^^I^^^:ii-''f'^. ^^'J'^. or drink. " "f ^ f" ""=" ''»«.' •Qaproboaoas, one MuwUmmut EeaUh Note$. •how that the jprla* oaland wetoeUan, wet lands Mem to ence. A nrecedine » wells and springs,' >revalence. in one me lowneaa of the milky, and was re- 's before she would ould be wrapped in k woollen stocking, il of salt in a pint in a wine-glass of I the back of th« o drachms ; black dram each. Mix ith boiling water, e every hSil hour. The jpatient may of spirits turpen- the whole of the ping flannel to the ria may be found ^ with it, at the he affected parts, e with this ploas> ested, and some- ily, until relief is le throat. Com- i. short, if nothing iid and distilled e food and drink 4 fur absorb and nute substances ion has recently has been proved »r8on to another ' meats. Eat slowly: ThSJoughSmaS^ T\^^ ^T °! 8°>"8 *° ^'^' with continual drink whTeatbg ^' ^° °°* ^*»'» »* ^^^^ /^ HOME ECONOMICS. WASTE IN THE KITCHEN. to^drittS:^ ^" '^« '>^e«i.box!ae^i;"e^;rS;S; „e left te''!?/"*** "« *'^«''» away. Prli?*'****'*' """ ^«" *o "0'"' and spoil. Vinegar and saucTareleff stendXl '''™^- Apples are left to decay for want of ° !«;*• Corks are left out of ttl m«i , sorting over.* The tea-carteTLtf f'op'S^'^*^ ""'^ ^'"^S^ )"«•• • Victuals are left exposocf So be eaten bv mic« Soap is left to dis;olve a"nd "aSte S'?he Va?er''' ^" *"' '^°^^"»- Dish-towels are used for dish-clothj ''• Napkins are used for dish-towels. Towels are used for holders. grooms and mops are not hunff up Coal IS wasted by not sifting the ashes wfcoJti^^tee '''" "^''"^^^y' ''y -^' -ranging damper. |nivttnYrkfgr/.:;^tT;St^^^^^^^^^^^^ Nice ones are spoiled by Se in tTrki?chen ^otto-^^s'^irttSS^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Y Jarpets are swept with stub brooms which wear out tiie carpet Good as„ b«iOB« are naed in acrubbing the kitchen-floor* Xitehin J^umUure^Cteaning, m cs. Apparently triviftl lout removing the »wn away, cake-box, are left t and ferment rmy. er.* own away, when thrown away. u> the handling. anging dampen for eating, d be utilized in out the carpet a-flooraii Sheeka are icorched and injured by being aa«I In iTOinna SO^r spoons are used in -craping lettlef. ^^^' Good forks are used and ruined m toasting bread. aoJJh teilVl^? •"' ""*«^"' "'--••' o/thebr«.d.pan left with JZ':X "^^ ^^ **" "^ •""'• '"'"^^ °' "^^^e • '«w tart. amififTLtoTan'dtiJor "^"^' """^ '^^ breakfast nicely. Mustard la left to spoil in the cruse, or rust. etc. an J3eT '"°"''^ *° -**"^ -*" *^« *- ve JeV become, corroded ^P^£le« become spoiled by the leaking outer evaporation of the •caSg'^'"" ^"^ ''■"' "' ^''^*' '^"'^ ^«^ because the brine wants fcriKV^^^^^^^^^^ tainted. adfe^^rjifrt^^^jr^^ ^^ ^^^-^ "•«'» —•-»>•« Wooden-ware is-unscalded, and left to warp and crack. N. B.-The above list is partial. It could isily be extended. • KITCHEN FURNITURE.-CLEANINQ. at W**"f f?®^ Iron— iVm iro7i should be very gradually heated fo crack. ^^'"' '' ''' ""''''''' ^°"^«d *« '^^ heatTiflTnotl iSdy yo?r°tfa.Sle* ^Bv'at!? Tea-Kottles-Keep an oyster-sheU in preve^t^i:1^r.aS;ofTcS.*'^ atony particles to itself, it will also^.e.ovesTains'fti;1lUTirhe?fur^l^^^^ "^^^ '*• ^' -» an&S S^iT^- Si J-S -ich ^s it a bHghter byi^s;s^^;,r;^tif^:;ss^Si^«p-^«<»- one half in itain will disappear k-dast on a board, n hard and rub it ;ht, tarn and scour her. Knives thus ir, and have a new moniac, one part ; rith a piece of flan» ia: One half pound entine, and half » six tablespoonfula wash silver with it easy task ; the nso Wet a flannel cloth rub the plated or Muds, wipe with • irer door-plates are I of ammonia and cup of water, ap- ming other silver* eper says the best ^ves the following md rub the ware ^re can be made to Iff ; mix a little of ID the covers well m some dry whit- bher. This last is Bt by wiping them a from tn« ainincr- II rust. I cloth ; then take take an old news- ) as well as if half Kitchen Furniture — Cleaning. 293 an hour had been spent rubbing them with brick-dust or powder, which spoils the hands. Papier-Mache Articles should be washed with a sponge and oold water, without soap, dredged with flour while damp, and polished with a flannel. Japanned Ware. — Wet a sponge in warm water, and dampen it over ; then wipe otf with a soft cloth. If a tray becomes spotted, take a bit of woollen cloth and dip into a little sweet oil, and rub it as hard as possible, and the marks, if effaceable, will disappear. Oleaning Floor-boards.— Scrubbing them with a mixture made by dissolving unslaked lime in boiling water, will have the desired enect. The proportions are, two tablespoonfuls to a quart of water. No soap need be used. Another Method. — Lime, one part; sand, three parts; soft soap, two parts. Lay a little on the boards with a scrubbing-brush, and rub thoroughly, lliuse with clean water, and rub dry. This will keep the boards of a good color, and will also keep away "•^^rmin. To Clean Fainted Wainscot, or Other Wood-u ;.— Ful- ler's earth will be found cheap and useful ; and on wood not painted, it forms an excellent substitute for soap. Cleaning Old Brass.— The best liquid for cleaning old brass ii a solution of oxalic acid. To Clean a Brass Kettle.— Do this before using it for cooking; use salt and vinegar. To Clean Brasses, Britannia Metals, Tins, Coppers, etc— These are cleaned with a mixture of rotten-stone, soft-soap, and oil of turpentine, mixed to the consistency of stiff putt^. The stone should be powdered very fine and sifted ; and a quantity of the mix- ture may be made sufficient to last for a long while. The articles should first be washed with hot water, to remove grease. Then a little of the above mixture, mixed with water, should be rubbed over the metal ; then rub off briskly, with dry, clean rag, or leather, and a beautiful polish will be obtained. To Keep Iron from Busting.— Kerosene applied by means of a moistened cloth to stoves, will effectually keep them from rusting during the summer. It is also an excellent material to apply to all iron utensils used about the farm. Give plows, eultivators, and the like, a coating before they are put away in the fall. Paper for Cleaning Stoves, Tinware, Fumitnre. etc— After a stove has been blackened, it can be kept looking very well for a long time by rubbing it with paper every morning. Rubbing with paper is a much nicer way of Keeping the outside of a tea- kettle ccffee-pot^ and tea-'K)ts brii^ht and clean than the old w&v of washing them with suds. Rubbing with paper is also the best way of polishing knives, tinware, and spoons ; they shine like new silver. Tor polishing mirrors, windows, lamp-ohimneya, etc., paper is better than a dry oloth. 294 Home Economics. -1 ^ Cleansing Bottles- — Many puraons clean bottles by patting in some small sliot, and shaking thetn around. Water dissolves lead to a certain extent, and a lilin of this lead attaches itself to the sides of the bottle so closely th it the shaking or rin&ing with water does not detach it, and it remains to be dissolved by any liquid which has the least sourness in it, and if drank, lead poison may be the result. Sometimes a shot becom s wetlged in at the bottom of a bottle, to be dis olved by wine or cider. Therefore, it is better to wash every bottle as soon as emptied with warm water and wood ashes, or saleratus, and put the bottle away, mouth open and downward ; but be careful to wash again when use.l, as flies and other insects frequently get into open bottles. Or, chop up a large potato verjr fine, and put it into the bottle with some warm water, and shake it rapidly until it is clean. SOAPS AND WASHING FLUIDS. Hard Soap.— Fiv© pails soft soap, two pounds salt, and one pound resin. Simmer together, and when thoroughly fused, turn out in shallow pans so as to be easily cut. Soft Soap. — Boil twenty-five pounds of fried grease in two pails of strong lye. Next diiy add another pailful of hot lye ; also on the following day, if there is grease on the top of the soap. After- ward add a pailful of hot water each day until the barrel is filled. Excellent Soft Soap.— Take 16 quarts of Jye of suflicient strength to float an a^g ; 8 pounds of clean grease ; 1^ pounds of i-esin ; put the whole into a Kve-pail kettle and boil it. At first it is apt to rise, in which case add a little strong lye, and so continue to ao until the materials are incorporated. Then remove it from the fire, and add, by degrees, weak lye, stirring it at every addi- tion, till the kettle is full. Common Hard Soap. — Put in an iron kettle five pounds un- slaked lime, five pounds soda, and three gallons soft water ; let it Boak over night ; in the morning pour oflF the water, and then add three and a half pounds of grease, boil till thick, turn into a pan until cool, and then cut in bars. Labor-Saving Soap— Take two pounds sal-soda, two pounds yellow bar-soap, and ten quarts of water ; cut the soap into thin slices, and boil together two hours ; strain, and it will be fit for use. Put the clothes to soak the night before you wash, and to every pail of water in which you boil them add a pound of soap. They will need no rubbing ; merely rinse them out, and they will be perfectly white and clean. Honey Soap.— Cut thin two pounds of yellow sc.pinto a double saucepan, occaaionaiiy stirring it till it is melted, which will be in a few minutes, if the water is kept boiling around it ; then add a ^oartw or a pound of pftlm*oi], quarter of a pound of houejr, tea ties by putting in iter dissolves lead s itself to the sides g with water does any liquid which d poison may be a at the bottom of 'ure, it is better to i water and wood mouth open and useJ, as nies and •r, chop up a large some warm water, ads salt, and one uyhly fused, turn jrease in two pails hot lye ; also on the soap. After- > barrel is filled. Jye of sufficient .se ; IJ pounds of oil it. At first it ), and so continue a removp it from it at every addi- » five pounds un- soft water ; let it ier, and then add i, turn into a pan soda, two pounds )he soap into thin will befit for use. and to every pail soap. They will will be perfectly 3c.;,p into a double which will be in a d it ; then add a ud of honey, ten Weuhwiff Clothe. 295 cento' worth of true oil of cinnamon ; let all boil together another six or eight minutes ; pour out and stand it by till next day ; it is then nt for immediate use. ^^Pfif„Soap— Hard soap is fittest for washing clothes, and soft soap for floors. It is a good plan to soap your dirtiest clothes, and soak them over night in soft water. If you are at a loss to procure soft water for wasliing, fill a barrel half full of wood ashes, and fill It up with water, and you will have a lye whenever you want it. A gallon of strong lye put into a great bpiler of hard water, will make It quite soft. Some use pearl-ash, or pot-ash ; but either injures the texture of the cloth. Sugge;3tions.— A tablespoonful of turpentine boiled with white clothes will greatly aid the whitenin« process. Boiling starch is much improved by the addition of sperm, or salt, or both, or a little gum-arabic, dissolved. Washing Fluid.— Five pounds of sal-sod.*, one pound of borax, one-half pound of fresh unslaked lime, four ounces of liquid am- monia. Pour one gallon of boiling water upon the soda and borax : when it has dissolved and has cooled, add the ammonia. Slake the lime m one gallon of hot water, and let it stand until entirely set- tied, when the clear fluid must be carefully poured off. Turn it upon the solution of soda and borax, and add to the mixture eight gallons of cold water. Put the clothes to soak the night before washing-day, with six tablespoonfuls of this fluid to a tub full of clothes. To Make Hard Water Soft.— Dissolve one pound of white rock pot-ash in one gallon of wkter, and then use half a gill of the preparation to a tub of water. To Clear Muddy Water.— A little dissolved alum is very ettective in clearing muddy water. If thrown into a tub of soap- suds, the soap, curdled and accompanied by the muddy particles, sinks to the bottom, leaving the water above clear and pure. In *l'"th **^ ^'^'■«»*y of water this may be used again for washing WASHING CLOTHES. To Clean a White Lace Veil.— Put the veil into a strong lather of white soap and very clear water, and let it simmer slowly for a quarter of an hour. Take it out and squeeze it well, bu*, be sure not to rub it. Rinse it in two cold waters, with a drop or two of liquid blue m the last. Have ready some very clear gum-arabio water, or some thin starch, or rice water. Pass the veil through it and clear it by clapping. Then stretch it out even, and pin it to ■—_. !._ _ -.„e.. _!<...i, ,n„r,!!ij5 i,„c cuyc 113 aiiaigiit as possiDle, open* lug out all the scallops, and fastening each with pins. When dry, lay a piece of thin muslin smoothly over it, and iron it on the wrona h 111 '^j' nH ttoME ]GcONOMICfl. hi l!i To Wash Fine, Colored Fabrics - -To wash colored stocklngl or any delicate colored fabrics, table-linen, lawns, or cambrics, eto diesolve one tablespounful of siiya.' of lead in one gallon water! Soak the articles thoroughly in the solution ; then dry. To Wash Merino Stockings.- Boil the soap to make a latlier wash them in this warm, and rinse in a second lather. If white' mix a little blue. Never Hnse in [ilain water, or use cold water. * To Make the Colors Stand in Delicate Hose.— Turn the stockings right side out, and wash in a lather of lukewarm water and white castile soap ; then wash the wrong side. If very much soiled, two waters will be required. Rinse in lukewarm water and then in cold water ; dry as soon as possible by heat, not by sun. It is better not to iron them, but when nearly dry, smooth and pull them into shape by hand. To Wash Chintz.— Boil two pounds of rice in two gallons of water till soft, and pour it into a tub ; let it stand until it subsides into a moderate warmth ; put the chintz in and wash it (without using soap) until the dirt disappears ; then boil the same quantity of water and rice as before, but strain off the rice and mix it in warm water. Wash the chintz in this till quite clean ; afterward rinse it in the water the rice was boiled in ; this will answer for starch, and dew will not afifect it. Washing Prints.— To a sufficient quantity of hot water for wash- ing a dress add a tablespoonful of ox gall. Let the dress remain in this a few minutes, then cool en(nigh to wash out like other prints. Rinse immediately in cold water and dry as quickly as possible in the open air. If there are spots to be removed, apply soap when _ Another.— Dissolve half an ounce of alum in sufficient water to nnse two print dresses. Dip your prints in, and when sure that every part is wet, wring them out ; then have a warm soapsuds, in which wash quickly and rinse in cold water. Then in second rinsing- water mix your starch, rinse, wring quickly, and hang to dry, not in the sun, but on a line where the wind' will dry them quickly. Immediately they are dry enough, iron them ; or if this is not conl veuient, let them get quite dry and iron them through a damp cloth. Prints should never be sprinkled. To Make Use of Faded Prints. -Dingy print dresses can be bleached and made into something serviceable and pretty. When the season of soap-making approaches, have faded dresses ready to Boald in lye. Let them be washed and boiled in hot suds until all the color possible is extracted, then finish the work by scalding with lye, washing with suds, and laying them on the first young grass. Cleansing Blankets.— Put two large tablespoonfuls of borax and a pint of soft soap into a tub of cold water. When dissolved put in a pair of blankets, and let them remain over night. Next day, rub and drain them out, and rinse thoroughly in two waters.' and hang to dry* Do not wring them. ) [ored stookingd, cambrics, etc., ■■ gallon water. ry- make a latlier, ler. If white, cold water. )se.— Turn the kewarm water If very much arm water and not by 8UU. It Qooth and pull two gallons of ntil it subsides sh it (without ine c|uantity of nix it in warm rward rinse it [or starch, and /ater for wash* ress remain in 9 other prints, as possible in ly soap when ;ient water to leu sure that I soapsuds, in econd rinsing* ig to dry, not them quickly, lis is not con« ough a damp Iresses can be retty. "When isses ready to iuds until all scalding with oung grass. fuls of borax len dissolved, li two waters. jSla^eMnff, Folding and Irontng* m To Wash Flannel.— -Never rub soap upon iii. Make a suds by dissolving the soap in warm water. Kinse in warm water ; very cold or hot water wiH shrink flannel. Shake them out several minutes before hanging to dry. Blankets are washed in the same way. Bestoring White Flannel.— To restore the appearance of white flannel which has turned yellowish by lying for a long time or by wear, soak for one hour in a weak solution of bisulphate of soda, then add a little diluted muriatic acid, stir well, and cover the vessel for twenty minutes. After this take ths flannel out, rinse in plenty of soft water, and dry in the sun. Washing Woollen Olothing.— Articles of woollen washed in ovdinary soap lud water not only shrink, but acquire a peculiar fatty odor, due to the decomposition of the soap by the lactic and acetio acids present in the perspiration, and consequently precipita* tion of the greater part of the fat of the soap in the fiber of the wool. To prevent these effects steep the articles for several hours |in a warm, moderately-concentrated solution of washing soap, then after the addition of warm water and a few drops of ammonia, wash and rinse them in lukewarm water. How to Wash Table -Linen. — Put a teaspoonful of sugar of lead into two-thirds of a pail of water, and when dissolved, soak the tablo'linen in it fifteen or twenty minutes. Be careful in wringing the article from this water that there is no cut or sore on the hands, as the sugar of lead is poisonous. Everything that is liable to fade must be washed c^uickly, and not allowed to soak in suds or rinsing* water, and hung m a shady place to dry. Never wash flannel, silk, or colored things on a wet or cloudy day, but lay them aside for a fair day ; and when washing such articles do not let them stand and B0ak,2but,wash, rinse, starch (if needed), and hang out each thing as fast as pMsible, and then take the uoxt. To Reserve Olothes-Pins. — Clothes-pins, boiled a few moments, and qoiokly dried, once or twice a mouth, become more flexible and daraUe. Clothes-lines will last longer and keep in better order if oocai*taaUy treated it the same way. STARCHING, FOLDING, AND IRONING. To Prepare Starch.— Take two tal)le8poonfuls of starch dissolved In as much water ; add a gill of cold water ; then add one pint of boiling water, and boil it half an hour, adding a small piece of sper* maceti, sugar, or salt ; strain, etc. T-liin it with water. Flour Starch. — Mix flour gradually with cold water, so that it may be free from lumna, 8tir in cold water till it will pour easily s then stir it into a pot of boiling water, and let it boil five or six minutes, stirring it frequently. A little spermAQeti wiU make i% IB ^ m f j |; II i 1 ■ 1 ' 1 111' I ! 11 >: 298 Home EdOxVO'MicSi v.lvJ. th. starch is hofc. thon folde,! in a damp olotli, oc boiling wator umJ^ roy,." ':.^^^"\'''1'^J'T' "^ ^^l'^ ''^ "^"'''^ bohbinet! ' " '' '''•" ^"'"-^ ^«^" *'"" ^^'^"te muslin an.i Starchin clapped (liy till they become quito, dan-ii), befor.3'iroiiin ^^-^^ '»^ke them per- To Pro?cnre Iro-r; from .Rlist.-Mclt fresh mutton suet smear nxer the ,raa. with it while hot, then dust it well with mied lime, ,.ow,l.:..I and tied np iu ,, »lk. When not Zld, wrap 1^ .an, keep tlu la in a dry place. Use no oil in themS jron:-! in h Any time t^xcont salad oil. To Ilcnove S^arqli .or Riisb from Flat;irons.-Have a piece o. yedow he .^u-ax ti; d in a coarse eioth. \Vl;c.a the iron is almo^? L.,t euouga to u.e, but not quite, rub it mrieldv wifcVti'o W-t - aua thm WUu a cicaa, cour.o cloth. ThiaNvilfremovc it'entirely!"' ll; ' i I cofctOQ and line.i, 3 square, in three Uso for c&Iicoes. vhito gam-arahic; 11- a pint or more 111(1 all night, and itoa clean bottle: O'l into a pint of H3 to almost their ivhite mualiti and !ii starched, and in a damp cloth, ■ If mislins are inisliua, then dry '■ with clear water P colored, one of I them in a towel; tvvard. Lay the ould not remain I and table liuen 3e used for wash- le linen to which ' dazzling white- '■ to half a pound es, will produce ! than stearine, Itraraariue blue. clean lard, and ile hot will have uiake them per- ;ton snet, smear with unslaked used, wrap the ) oil on them at —Have a piece e iron is almost h tho beeswax, c it entirely. Starching, Foldivj and froiiln^. 299 thST?foirJ.'\i,''?'l'"^ ' '''"I- (^'■''* '^^ ^''^ 1'''^°'^' then the sleeves, ironed on tt rid t LiZ"!.', 'Jl'^ "l?" *^° ^^""*- Calicoes should be In ronin^ I f..n T V h ^\ ^'^^^y. *''»« ktep clean for a longer time, ;.™;,8°!t^" '"•••"='"• ^'»»y' "■»'"««• .n'l ,;:;&.'* „"„';,;: Line"°cltto";;°lS'''^*r"'''"^' '^'"rTo Mate StsrcU for' Aiiuen, UOtfOn, ±itC. — To oi)f oiinoe of thi> l.p^t ^i..,>i, . ii -7 iromng wi h a clean white towel da.npencd in oft vaJer U starch should be strained before using. ni .otz m nzer. .Ml To Clear-starch Lace, etc. -Stnrcl, for laon.' should i)e tinVi-or and used hotter than for linens. Ait<,r your Jaces h^vp |L, ?^ n washed and dried, dip them into the thiclllt 2?ch nl^c," wt out, and spread them out smooth on a piece of linen -roll tjiemnn together, Pnd let them remain for about half anhour^;hen thev w H cLn'Zirr^'* to iron Some think that laces shoiddnevne clapped between the hands, as it iniures them raTnl.rJni !i!: ! l'£lTf^<^l^^'^^^^-^ net orl.ee. SepeTpie SS cold o^raw starch for book-mushn, as some of this kind of muslin has a S clammy appearance, if starched in boiled starch Fbe laces are frorsEk^nT' ""' ' ''"' '^"^^ *° '''' "■"^'^ P-enTsVem ^■^1°"^°^ Laces. -Ordinary laces and worked muslin can be ironed not be' "\"tK.T "^f'^ V'"°°*''*"« "^' ^•'^^■'••«" ' fineHace ca^^ * noL De. When the lace has been starcherl an.1 d-j-^^ v-'h- '— --t jng spread it out as smooth a. possible on an ironing-cloJh' and nSs bottlil^''' *"'* l"'^^' "' ' n f Sal-volatiL, or hartshorn, will restore colors taken out by acid. It may be dropped upon any garment without doing harm. Iron Rust. —Dip the rusty spots in a solution of tartaric or citria .•icid; or wet the spjta and rub on hard, white soapj expose it to the lieat ; or apply leinon-juice and salt, and expose it to the sun. 1 ^?.^*^?- Out Scorch.— Lay tlie article scorched where the bright sunshine will fall upon it. It is said it will remove the spot, r.nd leave it white as snow. *^ ' Mildewed Linen.— This miy be restored by soaping the spots : well riTbbed?'^""^ " ^'^*^ ^^ ^^^^^ scraped to powder, and To Remove Mildew.— Remove mildew by dipping in soar butter-milk and laying in the sun. f f fi "» «»«««■ Another Method of Removing MUdew.-Pour one quart of boiling water on two ounces of chloride of lime, and strain through a cloth ; then add three quarts of cold water. Let the articles stand doth ^ ^ ^"'^"' "°'^ thoroughly. It will not injure the Coflfee Stains— Pour on them a small stream of boiling water before putting the article in the wash. ** Grass Stains— Wash the stained places in clean, cold, soft water, without soap, before the garment is otherwise wet Tea Stains.— Clear, boiling water will remove tea stains, and many fruit stMns. Pour the water through the stain, and thus pre- vent its spreading over the fabric. * Medicine Stains.— These maybe removed from silver spoons by rabbxng them with a rag dipped in sulphuric acid, and waging It on with soap-suds. ° Fruit Stains.— Freezing will take out all old fruit stains, and scalding with boiling water will remove those that have never been ' tnrougn the wash. Fruit Stains on Napkins. Table-cloths, etc.— Pour hot water on the spots ; wet with hartshorn or oxa.ic acid-a teasponnfnl fQ waoup of water. ^ For Fruit and Wine Stains, mix two teaspoonfuls of watei and ne of spirit of salt, and let the stained part lie in this fo* t wa minutes i then rinse in cold water; or wet the stain with hartshorn. Removing Stalna, 801 remove machine* ts of hartshorn, Lolding the spots I out by acid. It larm. tartaric or citrie expose it to the to the sun. ched where the remove the spot, apiug the spots ; to puwder, and lipping in sour >ur one quart of I strain through he articles stand I not injure the >f boiling water cold, soft water, tea stains, and a, and thus pre- n silver spoons d, and washing ■uit stains, and ave never been •Pour hot water eaanoonful tOt ■ anfuls of wateil in this for twa vith hartshorn. Ink Stains. — Ink stains may sometimes be taken out by smear* ing witli liot tallow, left on when the stained articles go to the wash. . How to Take Marking-Ink Out of Linen.— A saturated solu- tion of cyanuret of potassium, applied with a camel's hair brush. After the marking-ink disappears, the linen should be well washed in cold water. Ink in Cotton, Silk, and Woollen Ooods— Saturate the spots with spirits of turpentine, and let it remain several hours; then rub it between the hands. It will crumple away, without injuring either the color or the texture of the article. Ink Stains on Mahogany.— Put a few drops of spirits of niter in a teaspoonful of water, touch the spot with a feather dipped in the mixture, and when the ink disappears, rub it over at once with a rag dipped in cold water, or there will be a white mark not easily effaced. Ink Stains on Silver.— The tops and other portions of silver ink-stands frequently become deeply discolored with ink, which is difficult to remove by ordinary means. It may, however, be com- pletely eradicated by making a little chloride of lime into a paste with water, and rubbing it upon the stains. Chloride of lime has been misnamed " the general bleacher," but it is a foul enemy to all metallic surfaces. Ink and Iron Mold.— This may be taken out by wetting the spots in milk, then covering them with common salt. It should be done before the garment has been washed. Another way to take out ink, is to dip it in melted tallow. For fine, delicate articles, this is the best way. How to Remove Stains from Floors —For removing spots of grease from boards, take equal parts of fuller's- earth and pearl-ash, a quarter of a pound of each, and boil in a quart of soft water, and, while hot, lay it on the greased parts, allowing it, to remain on them for ten or twelve hours ; after which it may be scoured off with sand and water. A floor much spotted with grease should be completely washed over with this mixture the day before it is scoured. Ful- ler's-earth or ox-gall boiled together, form a very powerful cleansing mixture for floors or carpets. Stains of ink are removed by strong vinegar, or salts of lemon will remove them. To Preserve Steel Goods from Rust.— After bright grates have been thoroughly cleaned, they should be dusted over with un- slaked lime, and thus left until wanted. All the coils of piano- wires are thus sprinkled, and will keep from rust for many years. Table- knives, which are not in constant use, ought to be put in a cafle in which sifted quick-lime is placed, about eight inches deep. They should be plunged to the top of the blades, but the lime should not touch the handles. To Remove Paint Stains on Windows.— It frequently hap< pens that painters splash the plate or other g^'-.ss windows when tbey 303 Home Economics. K 'SiKi-i'i;- Zt-wS^ I; t "'"'• ">•;' •»"■' -"• i" v.„ «i>tirely remove the paint ' " '"S " "»" «aweL It wij color from «„ll,„, ...j /,(' ,J J' ™ JS't""'^^;. « will re„,„Ve Z lo remove ink or frnif o.o,- * cotton fabncs. ta. h,U a„ o„t°'^2w,a%'r„?:„ST'S' ,?"«"«■">»' '•- ilii3 M Bhat i, sold fSr lilt, „( g". °f '""-o'. Wt M OUUM , mil. seiM varni groaaiuessradding ;;aHy7LS^-, «;^ - -H^give-i^'ni^;;;^^;:! If Rust has made its appoaranoe un "' " ' '"""''• a mixture of tripoli. wit^K itfonf •.^''^*/' '^^ ^''^-''^ns, apply marble ^ab, an.l^id on with I p e^'of h'^..^ ^'i'^^'"''' ^ni^UZl od maj^beappUod w.h an exceirenrelEferUtn?„ott^^^^^^^^^ of urpenti^ne heated almost tl a "ZiLZ'l ""' "'T' ^«««"tialoil a httle, and then with a soft, clea rhrnfl! ' 7'*'*'" *'^° greased loaf tme both sides of the spotted nar n ' ""^^^^ ^^'^ ^'"'^ted turpen the grease will be extracted ' Kly ^ZTJ^H' ?'^ applieaS^ •ect.fie.l spirits of wine, go over the place .wif ^"'^''' ^^'PPed if becomes smooth and clean. ^ °^ carefully, until the paper buft^rTKsStL'Kr^^^^^ -moving tar is left on the tar-spot for s^metfo'eTolfL^^^^^^ wheS thTs J washed out by a sponge, with soan an?! *i"*^^and far are easily resinous waggon-grease.' A creamy °t^*'^ ^^ i« the same v^tt Hnonce with oifof anise-teed wifl ShJ'di^f T^^"''*^ ^^^''^^t <5 jtrt?Sf^f^'lrh!fn*ra--g^oTnd^ teaspoonful in a tablespoonfu of wLter wfc ^^^PP^d bottle. A In any case where an acid has Takpn Thi ?" ?™^' *"<* brushes, monia wiU restore it. Washing at . • °°^*''" ^"^""^ » fabric, am tablespoonful of concentrated^ammS to" a™«»onia- water-say a -will take almost any stafn out "7 ^ ^""'•* "^ '''^''^ ««ds things. "' *°^ ^""e alter cleaning all those other Hemovinz Stains. 303 'da in very . It will mix. ha^'p- !n;"Lrr";;.ann El' *^'^'^P"«"^"\ °f, ^t^ong ammonia in a unfltr tK;!f ■'"^'^' ^y^P^''''^. '">d all manner of dirt, diaappoai- not Setto'^Zng. *"'""""'' '''''' "'^ '"J->^ ^^ 1-'"' o^ varn'i.'h" w.SS^S5^.?S^- £°-,S;-;^PP^y a little magnesia to the miceir ,^f. SSe^S Sr''0lIars.^Wa.h with a sponge re.To'I-e^cJa'^f R&f.T^ ^'* ?^- ^l"*^ ^''^^^^^^^l ^"^ skim-nnlk will and not rinsed ^^ «very kind should be washed iu cold suds, soI%S®8'Sd^Tn"A^''''"":!^^"P''^^"^^'^"' then brush; boil Thisma^nLAk%;:^.ras*td:^ -'P^ *^'- «nghtly. or W?hl1!Tfv J."k"-""^^"*,' u^*"S them out in the sun for a day To Clean Velvet.-Wet a cloth and put it over a hot flat-iron ft at ?ho7 °"'.°""* 'ht^ ' *''«" ^'^'^ ^''« vdvet Icross t brus un- it at the same time with a soft brusli. and it will look as nice as S new and^on^H,?!^^-"'-^^';" ^''T' ^^^hod to make old silk look like „cF^^^^^®'* Silk may be rendered nearly as beautiful as when 4 feSa»a^/ls^-S^^^ Sl^ must be brushed or washed with a sponge ; if ribbed ^fwill Ivl- KofTwaw^^u^fl*® Ostrich Feathers—Wash them well iu soft water with white soap and blue, if you can get the blue • if nn/ use the white soap alone; rub them througS ^whitt cleaV ianor' beat them on the paper, shake them beforf the fire diy thSTn them, by waving them with the hand to and fro. Aft^rlard cul? « Jn ?Jt?r^oSnd®'''n^r"'"' ^^""^ °""^^^ «f ^hite soap, cut ;;^ i~\"i: ^^;'^ P^«t^tb of water, moiieraLeiy hot. in a basin nnd make the solution into a lather by beatin- ^Wth a small rod Th«n introduce th« feathers, .ad rub Lm weU with thniida for fi?J m ffOMK EcO/KOMIOt, I'j Tkey are uext b,-., b« WMhed in clean water as hot as the minutes. , ,^ hand can tmai. IMU a ^l ^f''^l7of\?JTh~J'' * P-l °^ ^o!t water pu, int«fv.rr*til u Ernes coo^thlnrrT;"^*^^^ stir tl Jat put tl*.. i^ao-ment theroi" and iVf if K^ ^7 ''. '"^'^ ""«"*«•• Pail and then ha.^ ,t .j, t. 'Hwi Suit ringing ft' ^^^-^^-^^^rho^urs. and dry and iron it, brushing the doth ^-Jl ^""^"'^^W'th clear water, tion of the fiber. ^ °*^' ^'''''' *""« »<> t'me in the direc- Cleaning Silk and Merinos rrof» * toes, add to them a pint of cold tl^Si! ^7"° "^ *''''«° ^''^Se pota- pour off the liquid, dear, or strljf. ffVl"' *''t'" '^^"^ ^ ^'^o^* t"»e. be ready for mi. Lay the sflk on a n J* ^-^ ^ >'^'' ""^'''^ ^* ^''" with a dean sponge till the dirt SwS '^^'"''f' .*"'^ "PP^^ the liquid a «ail of clear^^water, and hang irtod/v^^.^^ ; ^^'P '<^<^^ Piece in wtile damp, on the wrong aid?. ^ ^ '^'"*°"* wringing. Iron, 4? ^^S'.&ol!'tri!tl^.V,^ ^?i of logwood into a bowl, perhaps. Put one glove on the Jand J^n . 'i,'*''*'".?-^"^ ^ay ■ponge into the liquid, wet thVJlov^'vl * ^"^^l V^^o^eu doth or -*1 it shines, and it will be a n?ce ^LT"' p ^ '' ^'^ "'^'^ ^ard m it wiU be black. "'^ P""^?'®- ^^epeat the process, ll^'^r^l^^^o^^^^^ little new milk in one three times. On the doth lav out tK ^'^*° ^'lotJi . Jded two or a piece of flannd. dip it in Z mnkttjruTnT^ *°^.°^**' ^^^e Boap^n the wetted flannel, and co^m»,f/ * "^u"* ^^^^ quantity of the fingers, holding it firmly with the leff^'"^*^'^^°^? *o^*rd process until the glove, if white nnt! 7 ^J^"*^' Continue this dean; if colored, till it looKr; andsnnn%^'T ^^^^^^ *1^0"gh the operator will soon be ^ratified tn c ^ it'^* 1^^ »* *» dry, and ing your hands, : . a basin of SDirits nfT ."^^^^ ^o" ^^^^re wash- used in Paris. Ine gloves shffl*LluSr ^'^'^ ""^thod is place, to carry away the smdl of turpentine ^"'' °*' '"""^ *^^ To Extract Grease from Pa ered TO-au- t^ er aa hot as the soft water put m i stir this at lother pail and four hours, and bicarbonate of iiquid rub the urpose. After ith clear water, a in the direc- 'eo large pota- 1 a short time, >, when it will )ply the liquid ) each piece in inging. Iron, I into a bowl, 'ne— one day, olleu cloth or Iryand hard the process, milk in one Aded two or I neat. Take i quantity of flove toward ontiuue this low, though ; to dry, and glove looks 3s are clean, were wash- is method is or some dry a piece of tly once or broom, auj Whitewashi y and Painting. WHITEWASHING AND PAINTING. M ■■■"- "i»w rrtinii'MQ. litSeTeffK^a^nA^o^t^^^^^^^^ never crack , but as it setsToo nu Sdv f^r?h P'"'*" °? ^''"'^ ^»» operator, a little lime is mixed wth it if ponv«niencc of the r-me alone, it will crack all ovcr^i drvin. ^l" ^'^ to plaster with Thi3 indicates the noces.ity of always usi^^ Tl^.Tl^ '^'^ '° ?«*<=''««• either m the sand u.,ed for brSS.- - " l',"'«^""« *« PossMe, ooating the walls. oricklaymg or in the plaster used for eily?J"r,.S^f ^Vort^'J^^^S^^^^^ - -lljte walls can plaster of J\ rir, a .d white sJnd «.?,.! ■ * '"*'*'5- • ^l"**! Pa^ts of tor scouring purposes mixed wl'h water' f'.' "''^'" "'««* ♦^"'i"^" 'Im eiv ,r^er removing the loosTparS, nf f i ^^^ n ' ""^^^''^ '""»«• w.th. knife or flat plco of wooT S lki%r"^ ^"d smoothed Rood as new. At the mixtnrlTi'T ^^^^ ^^^ ^''^ken place as prepare but a small qua^Uty at a time"' '""^ '^"'''^'^' '* "^^^t ^ 4'f"'S?.U?S°eoY?^feTf^^^^^^^^ nn» four handfuls of fine sand to 'Z'-f: f^ii-J^-'h ^^^t > then stir matter can be added to both m^kinV a " w ''"f ' '''*'^'"- Coloring color, or a light buff. ' **"""ck, and bushel of unslaked Le wih 'boiling Z"^ '\^'^^'- = ^'''ke half a during the process. Strain t and aSL^'i: ¥^P|"« ^* ««^'«red warm water ; three pounds nf ^r!f J^ •* ^^"^ "^ ^^^t' dissolved in boiled to a tinn past? ha f I E' d „7°' P",* '"i'S'''"^ ^«t«r. 2nd and a r ound of cfr ,-glue dissoCal i^"'"'^"'"!^ ^P^"'^^ whiting, togotb r, .:,d let theffiure sta„'i/or™^^^^^^^ t"" ^^^^ ^^ thus prepared in a kettle or portab e f^'rnl! VV^. Keep the wash mor b„n,e „„„, ... ,■;- „ti2-rs'-»;»rr„iti aot HoMK Eooiroifioi. made into a thin and well-boiled paBte, and one round of glne (lis- w)lved ovor a slow fire. It is said to be more brilliant than plaster of FariH, and will last fifty years. It should be put on wann with a ]iauit brush. . To Color and Prevent Whitewash from Rubbing Off. -Alum IS one of tlie best additions to make whitewash of lime which will not rub otl. \Vlven powdered chalk is used, glue-M'ater is also good, but would not do for outside work exposed to much rain. Give it the desuod color by small quantities of lamp-black, brown sienna, ocher, or other coloring material. Paint for Kitchen Walls— Paint on the walls of a kitchen is iniioli bettor than kalsomine, whitowash, or paper, since it does not absorb odors or peel off, and can be quickly au''aph tha Polish. —Solution of shellac three pounds, and of wood naphtha three quarts. Best French Spirit Polish.— Shellac, two pounds ; powdered mastic ami saiularac, of each one ounce ; copal varnish, half a pint • spirits of wme, one gallon. Mix in the cold till dissolved. Polish or Mahogany Color.— Two ounces of beeswax, cut fine ; spirits of turpentine, one ounce ; one dram of powdered resin ; melt at a gentle heat, and add two drams of Indian red to give it a mahogany color. Simplest lolisa for Oiled Furniture.— Rub oiled furniture with a woollen cloth saturated slightly -.vith oil. Oil for Red Furniture. -Take linseed oil, put it into a glazed r r---'- •••-•• — '■••' •< *"• *" 'Out; ti;- it Vnii vuvcr. X.CC IE boii gently, and It wiU become of a jtroug red color ; when cool it will be fit for V89. h 'M Polishiny Furniture. d of glue clis- \ than piaster wann with a g OiF. -Alum vliioh will not ilso gootl, but Give it the lienna, ocher, ' a kitchen ia it does not ctly cleaned, itchen. The d with a coat rush does tho 1 by putting ked pass tho id a qnart of XT ; to every ; pulveri/od lered potasli, four pounds; a brush. It IS slate ; ivill creou, make iiree poundsi ; powdered half a pint ; id, IX, cut fine ; resin ; melt to give it a d furniture ito a glazed boil gently, ill be fit for 307 gla8s°lfto?fhS"mfx*^^JP°M pint of linseed oil, one wine- r«g; rub dry wit^a soft coS f^T '^''P'^i '^the ol„th with a h-m'. Piirniture i/improved by waX,^ t^ "'"' P"'"^,^ ^'*'^ ^ «>lk cloth >\^'P« ^O'-^P-H"'!" •P-ge or flannel. NVipe ,S^J:.1Z^:, ^^^^^ "^-^ ' «'-^' ^m"^^t\]^^^^^ well the yolks of t. . ounce of :?,^,„Fine J!ft'f,', f^hfry-Tree Wood-Take o., ■ for forty-o.gljt hours in three oZ,, nV ' "''I'- ■'"•' l^"* '* *'» «"" - oil anonit your cherry-tree woo i.ff °^ f ^•' "''^*^ ""• V^•ith thi : 40 Stam Black Wainnf 'iv • and appearance ot biS "?;,7t th'.!"F'n '^ '" '"'"'"<^" r'"'« *''« coIo • used : One quarter of a p ,.0 "il ,?'"•''' *^"^'"P"Hition may 1.. beeswax, to one tjallon of*^ r Lt nJ ^ rf f""'' V"" ''^''^ ^ P"»"'l o wax : ,f too lig),t-i„ color al C u /u"'"' *"° ""''' '-^'U l'oc«. With eaution.^s a ^.rv' Vt^^t^^^^^^ 8 >ade and black walnut .s not wlhit ', ' * i^^:''^'^* ' ifl'ereuce in tlu rich dark brown. Varuishi « J . "*'''"*' ""pl'ea, but ratlier •■ » g^'od gloss. ^^'•"'«li'"K IS not essential, as the wax givea it «nd^.Set°!f fco^a^iS^^ "'\* '*'''«"« «tain of copper i, oue-f.urth part ; Sn wood wiT^'.'T*" ' f^^^l Powdered nut Slf then use Frtnch poS made ,1 '"^ \'^'"V' 'V^' ''"'^ ^"wn we 1*" „i ! powdered stone blue. "^"""'^^y '^^'^'^ with indigo or iinely: cess: Boil in a Ja.e,l v^'f wfth t^r^f *^^ ''^° ^°"«^'"'^ '- " w»e ounce of logu-ood ciiinV lv.if ^'^' ^""'' "U'lees of gall-nuts ounce of crystalti^ecf veSi f'il?" ^.rT'^^ ''^""^' anS half n Wood vith the hotsolutioi, a number of fi^'.^""' ^""^ ^rush tl>. black 18 then to be coated two or fl,.''''"' ^''"^ood, thus stained completely after each coatn^j'w thr^oSir ^^^'"« ^'^«^«^ ^"^ ^^ Sl^n'" * ?"^"* «f g«oa wine ^nLar T. '•''1 "!'" «""°« «i" "•-"" and allowed to cool before use ^ ^"'^ '' *^ ^« prepared hot, apS^'o^".lJf,Tt.s,.^"';?^*•lf :-;«■»'«;• ,'^?"" -«- •. Washed and dried, and k..,rJ, '„' ',• ''^ '""•■'•^ «f bet steads can b- ^•i^teads. Va.-n,;h;I,'^^X:'2i ;:'e?^ *''i "'^'^^ ^^"^ " ^ho cloth djppud in luKsced oiJ ' "'"^ ^^ ^^'^^^"^^l with a woollen -TT-i 308 Home Economics. thia mixture requires to be well shaken before it is used. A little of it ia then to be poured upon a rubber, which must be w ell applied to the surface of the furniture. »Several applications will be necessary for new furniture, or for such as has previously been Freuch polished or rubbed with beeswax. Where and How to Varnish. — Varnish should always be ap- plied in a warm room, as warm as a person can work in comfortably. At a lower temperature there ia always moisture in the air, and an invisible dew, which gives the varnish a milky ai.d cloudy appear- ance. This will happen even on a fine summer day, and the only preventive is to employ artificial heat to produce a temperature of at least seventy-five degrees Fahrenheit. At this temjjerature the moisture ia not precipitated until «^he alnohol if the varnish has suf- ficiently evaporated to leave a thi.i and smooth film of shellac. The gloss and durability are entirely dependent upou thia. Varnish for Unpainted Wood.— A good surface maybe produced onuiipainted wood by the following treatment: Sand-paper the wood thoroughly as for French po.ishing, size it, and lay on a co.it of var- nish, very thin, with a piece of sponge or wadding covered with a piece of linen rag. When dry, rub down with pumice dust, and apply a second coat of varnish. Three or four coats shoulil produce a surface almost equal to French polish, if the varnish is good and the pumice be well applied betfweeneach coat. The use of a spoiii^e or wadding instead of a brush aids in preventing the streaky ap- pearance uiiually caused by a brush in the bauds of an unskilled person. Blacking for StOVeS' — May bo maile with half a pound of black lead finely powdered, mixed with the whites of three egga well beaten ; then dilute it with sour beeror porter till it becomes as thin aa shoe-blacking ; after stirring it, set it over hot coals to simmer for twenty minutes ; when cold, it may bo kept for use. Brunswick Black for Varnishing Grates. —Melt four pounds of common asphaltum, and add two pints Of linseed oil and one gallon of oil of turpentine. Thia preparation is usually put up in stone-ware bottles for sale, and is used with a paint brush. If too thick, more turpentine may be added. To Clean Bronzed Chandeliers, Lamps, etc— These articles should only be dusted with a feather brush or soft cloth, as washing will take off the bronzing. For Cleaning Brasses Belonging to Mahogany Furniture — Use for thia purpose either powdered whiting or scraped rotten- atone, mixed with sweet-oi.', and rubbed on with a chamois-skin. To Clean Sink ^— Copperas, dissolved in boiling- water.and applied with a whisk- broom, is good for cleaning iron sinks and drains. For zinc, take one-fourtii muriatic acid and three-fourths water, thick- ened with whiting and applied with a cloth. Scour well with this mixture, aud tbeu wash with warm water. irticCes forih^rouei d. A little 11 appliuilto le necessary ich polished ways be ap- oiiifortabiy. air, and an idy appear- nd the only iptrature of lerature the ish has suf- hellac. The jeprodiiceil iv th*? wood :o,it of vai'- ered with a B dust, and lid pioduce is good and of a aponi^e streaky ap- u uuakillod nd of black ! eggs well mes as thin s to aimmer bur pounds ail and one y put up in jh. If too ese articles as washing ■•urniture piid rotten- >is-akin. and applied Irains. For iter, thick- U with this ARTICLES FOR THE TOILET. dram of ca?SSm ;red ' ''°''' ^'"^"g^-P^'^'. ^"^^^'^^ry, aid one six1;t:psT/'b\™t^'^Uv f'^^^^'-Z-ty '^-F of lavender, drops of orance «K V^ t^ '^^l'^ "** '^•'«^'"^« ^^ lemon, sixtv' aJ^bettrSc^nsS^rabrea:;"'^''"^ '"^"'^ ^'^" «''^^-' "^^^ ■Inc., the ha,-da- the Stto „°11 °o, ^ ""' ""' "" 1"'°''»'' " mmm§mm .tring from above downward by takin^o^^^^ ""^"i"*^ V^« the nng, and it will be fomirl fhof /^^ • •„'''® '^l^'^ P*^^*^*^ ""^er the twSe toward the tip°of?h'e'Snge; ""^^'" S-duallypasa along .!^^ a warm ,.,uce till niSk y S ■ .■ ^f '*' ""^^''•^."'• ^^'^est ul roscj * '";^'^"^'y oLlu.^d. Strain, and stir in six dropa of attar of roscj. Bl! DS AND BhlD-FOOD. lianty wiuch i, .o.uccly iunoeptifcle iu t'J W ' ^ ^''"• Btiulff ^j]^- ^^':^^,^ yi;-:^fT':f' ^" ^;f "-^ ^i-aughtof airwiH n>^':'--.." \! ,, ]. ' l'-'S'"y ^I'^'i" "t'iir 11,0 btove, lire-ulaec or L^h;'t;u.i)i.au.^'^s '^;:::,]if «s^ ^^^^ the cmitt:? litated al.uvo 2e\-eiity do^iee?. '^ ''''''"' '^'''"^'^ '^^^''''^ '^^ tuS?- 'o& S£rS,;r?^ '"^'- *« t' their birds all ca-e dioiul be each one of di/Ic ° t s.Vo ^n l f. n' P'^'''^^'"'^ '" '' a pipe-.stozu. If ocrch- s «.■. f T -1 7 "^ ^'^^^ smallest as large as about the b rd^ J^^s'r^W^^ V'. V^ '^ '''^ "? *'""^^^ '' ^^^'^'ad perche., clcau ° ' " '^"^ ^^"- ' ""^ ^'f '-^'l tilings keep the ra^^^.i^^^jS--S:rt^ *° Y'^^y b-^I« ^>"t saiul on the floor of the ca c no h.n 5°"^'/"'^ gravel-paper or a week. VVhen mouW ^Xi^ <^ I' h''^' f ^^ * ^"^h three times araushts of air. G^vc n'intv nf 7? ^^''^t^^'"") ^^^^p warm ; avoid all boiled egg, mixed wi^thcr.^K. TT^"" r'?pe-8eed ; a little hard- may be kept iu fiuVcond ut. fo? ye rrX^r' i"?.'^^*^ ^"^^«' ^'^^^ 1..V0 lo.t their song, procure^fer^at^all^riLro"* "^ ^^^' «^ and yolk "ihlW..^?.??^^^^^^ young eauaries with white water. Tins slliFd be pressed^au n^*^^•^'"^" ^''^^ '^''^'^ "> ai.other should be put some 1 oild ,1.^ f '1 ''* T 7'^''''^' ^^'^^ "» Char.ge the food every S Whl t *''^' "'^'^*^'' ''^ freshwater. rn separate cages. ^ ^" ''" ^^''-^^ '''''*' =^ '"°"tJ^ o". Put them auope, is found n, ].u^o m!;. ' ^ •a^\^lSf ^^1'^""""'^'' ''?"^-^'^' caiiane,, particularly those wh.) -m L .nf , ? '"'°''^ containing the li^ht. Thwc tinv orea, ,. ' .T^ ^ ',' '^'"''' '■««"'« '^ay from the bials aunu'ti eLyt^; :,;"",' '^' ^'^ '*' ^9'^ general i/leavo -_ •^' ^^"^^'^^ii-b' themselves m the cracks and • For other articles ioi^^^i^^^^^^ii^r^::;;!:,!^ » half of white wax, stir till it betjins to ^"0 2. White wax, 3 drain. Digest in id stir ill six drops ■lie male hinl from if it he a cock you c motion, a pecu- dranght of air will )vp, lire-place, or he ceiling is beat, I should never be ive their birds all .^at the same time The perches in n naliest as large as oiible is ever had 1 tilings keep the ealthy birds but I gravol-paper or bath three times waun; avoid uli d ; a little hard- lent. Feed at a mple rules, birds that are sick or )rc. ries with white bread steeped iu vessel, while iu I in fresh water, h old, put them minute insect, 'ou«h the micro- ages containing )oms away from generally Icavo tiie cracks and ■s oij Lcalth. Mrds and Bird-rood. sii SSilf SS X t&r^^'^^ r'^^" f'^y -"^ ^-^i' ^ loss of sleep which occasions i^^a/w^""'"''"^ I^'""' ^^^^ ^''^-^^ » source of their death ^ '^"'^''^'' ^"'^ ^'^'"^ ^^^ ^«^ « the ■nS^SiX^^SVtZF.i'';!^^^^^ «f these ing dispirited, ^nLui^ll^lnlAlT' ^''t'-''^'^ «^'">^it, hecom- o|ftheiround.'lt irSat ogS^'Ifo?^; ;r t^:'''''^' Z effectual is to Dlace in th^. n.,., . i i V ^ 1'^"" ^implo and gimlet holes aloi it as a miiSh^.i ''"""IV ™-'' ^-'tli throo or tonr mites hide in tiif relf with the lurn^'rf'r ^"^''''7 J'^*""'- ''•''« 111 coll! '.<..>-.tll,... +1. ... ^] . / • -^i-iit.! iii^j luou iw u uays, but (without salt j and very finn when v;;..,;. ' h, ^,^,1,, ,,eut''cv m summer shouM :.■ n.^de tr.,.li dwily. lo keep it fr,=,„ eticking „,. ;=,(',„. 1 ',',;■ '"I"" ' ^"' " » »!■""" -.uat .. .e., , ■.ri,ri;i^ .t:t:-r; w;.:i;;c/s .n.»t c.„t .mall, „ ,1 . . .J «^li X,. li"'', !'"»">«■» S'™ «.«,. lei,, tl,e„, a Utile l.opi.v-see.l ,,!,■„,.. i '■"™""»,»«r''""">'i.' E,-« , g,o. they „,a,.e. li,Va.or,^,.s, „.. flaglo'ietraje'u-lli'itu'lrtl,:;; fcj eve,-'v two \u:^vi^k"^^:t±:t\7^ "■"""■ ;"«' "> '■• l,r,.„,l ar,i •'■,..••.„,', *" «'"i""l, l,n,ii,«,l. „,i.v,.,, „.,ii, bread, and a time Uue, two, oi- three iiiouthiuis at *Voicet ami Stieani,, sia Home EcoNOMioi, white up to the fluilk Srv J3 i, "*" fejthers of the wings aistingufsh male from hi^e bWe ^.„ ^^"^ f ;■.?!««»» t,! generally are male.. ThSTfood oomTata J «"« ' '»"«>><'*>'*••» Srtt'lfe^' by .ark« of Ate in t&' 551^0^1^^ Hght, one foot thteeinSs^feresh^^^^^^^^^ T^"* '^'^''' in front, to admit of a fresh turf bdnrSilS «'^°»>r projection days, and the bottom of the i^e sho,? M t ^T^T,*^ o*" *hree Btantly sprinkled with river safd All Pj^nt^fully and con- Bhould beVlaced outside, inStho ton of he SS" »,'°f f '^ « ^«°d and^paddlcd, so that the bird n.l^ nit tj^ itrb/^.-^d It^'fetwifhl p^a^rSiS ^^- cont7'th?/S tion o^f bread ^Tblk^d'ani^a^a/'pSrSX leave it until quite soaked through thmfc^: *° ^?'^ ^**«'"' "'^ pour boiled mrik overT addSwo-th^ d,^T.^^^ °"* *''' ^*^«^ «"'* barley.meal well sifted ov S^XIi' 'u *^® ^^^^ quantity of be made fresh e^?rylwo day Oco^^^J^'^t"''^\, ^^'^ «»>«»ld boiled egg should be^r^mSsmSland^^^^^^^^ ? * ^"''^^ as a little hemp-seed. meal-worms imf^ifu ° *^® ^*'^<*^' *« ^e» nesa should be^obser;ed in thragea' of tlt'^ST ""'''' ''^°"- RULES FOR CARVING. Camng Knives— These should always "benutin «^„..» u fore the guests are called to the table. Let them bi^SU^ edge" b«. «^^5P: Dispense if possible with tl'; '• steel" TfLrS *' ^^" *' seated. However closely the miPst™ .ftfr the guests are carver plenty of roSm! ^ ^ '' compelled to Bit, give the ca^pKl^ SifeT'rAL'!,^^^^^^^^ Bl^ouM be placed toe oj,e«tor coi^plete bo^and om ihe'jolur '' * '''*^ *" *° «^^*' owner on the back ihers of the wings with occasionalhr Jstitute their food, ia of a deep black, It ia difficult to } but the darkest nan paste, bread, ren for the thrush recognized by the mode of erecting also a larger bird of the following ih, nine inches; ircular projection T two or three itifully and con- containing food lould be arched ie]f by jumping tate, consists of clover, endive, fined, they are er : Take a por- •esh water, and t the water and imo quantity of al. This should 'oIk of a hard- e birds, as well Great cleanli< Iiule$ for Carving. 313 tt in edge" be< ight as well as the guests are :o sit, give the ould be placed kced as to give 1 {?° S?'^® .* Fowl.— To carve a fowl (which should always be lajd with the breast uppermost) place the fork in the breast, and take off the wings and legs without turning the fowl ; then cut out the merrythought," cut slices from the breast, take out the collar bone, cut off the side pieces, and then cut the carcass in two. Divide the joints in the legs of a turkey. To Oarve a Fillet.— To carve a fillet of veal, begin at the top and help to the stuffing with each slice. In a brea'st of veal separate Sefew^ brisket, and then cut them up, asking which part is To Oaxve a Round of Beef— First cut away the irregular outside pieces, to obtain a good surface, and then serve thin and broad slices. Serve bits of tha udder fat with the lean. *u^°j^*'^? ? Sirloin -In carving a sirloin, cut thin slices from the side next to you (it must be put on the dish with the tender- loin underneath) then turn it, and cut from the tenderloin. Help the guests to both kinds. ^ K„^?,fP*"^® * Leg.— In carving a leg of mutton or a ham, begin by cutting across the middle to the bone. Cut a tongue across, not lengthwise, and help from the middle part. ' .«Tt P*'^.? ?**f',"T^'i carving a pig it is customary to divide it take off the head before it comes to the table, as to many per- sons the head is revolting. Cut oflf the limbs and divide the ribs, ine riba are consiaered very choice. To Oanre a Oalve's Head.— Carve across the cheek, and take pieces from any part that is easily reached. The tongue and brain- sauce are served separate. s » «"" "•»»" =„-?wif^^? ^ Saddle of Mutton. -Cut thin slices parallel with the back-bone ; or slice it obliquely from the bone to the edge, baddies of pork or lamb are carved m the same manner To Oarve a Spare-Rib— A spare-rib of pork is carved bv separating the chops, which should previously have been jointed. Out as far as the joint, then return the knife to the point of the bones, and press over to disclose the joint, which may then be relieved with ihe point of the knife. Hams are cut in verv thin slices from the knuckle Jto the blade. ^ To Carve Fish.~Fish are served with a fish-slice, or the new hsh-knife and fork, and requires very little carving, care being re- quired however, not to break the flakes, which from their size add much to the beauty of cod and salmon. Serve part of the roe, milt or liver, to each person. The heads of cod and salmon, sounds of cod, are likewise considered delicacies. 9 w®L°^ Serving. —It is best for the carver to supply the plates and let the waiter hand them round, instead of putting the question to each guest as to which n^rfc he nr»fer«i &t.A ♦u° „*_:_^ x- serve him with it, to the prejudice of others present. Ladies should oe asii8t«d before gentlemen. 314 Home Economics. m T., '*^^^^ ^^° CEMENTS superior to any other paste Ser fori' P''^' '' '"™«'l- This?; alu-n in a quart of warm wSr fer'^'f^^^^'^ * toaspoonful of the consistency of thick cream h!J ''*''^'' "'=''' '» flo«r to , ' l •lumps. Stir in as muor nnw.i '^^ P''».''"°»'«'- to beat up a1 fi * cinof^'li*'"^^'"^""'' 'do [do^r t? "'" % onVlIi, f P °^ ';?'''ng ^^'ater ; pour the flom m1t+ ^'"''' °" ^''^ Are a tea- all the time. In a fe^v minntes it ■ i *l'r '"*« '*' «<'>Hng vvo'l aiui put It in a cool n'apA -i\ i '^" ' » 'et it cool ; lav a priv-...- . and .o(..„ it »ith°?„rwater .'" ""'-''"' '" ">« "e'Lt a pw™; w«t;^«?Mr„T,!SB or.hSra",n f ' ■?■'•« '" • P"" »' -oni,,. the lac 18 d ssolvod Tiwt ,"t''^^' a'"' '>oiI in a covered v^-sn ,, V'^ answers well fo^pttiS laten\^''^ "^f '"' «nd ch^^Vcemen " ' than the common elue rHv •]'"! ''"^ withstands damn h«Vf To Prevent Glue from Qmiir « ""ploaaant smell. saltpeter added to a large St fM'"i^ Badly.-A teaspoonful of stone. The cement is insoluble, and L not ifn . i^l^^'^'^S iron to . Diamond Cement.-Th- diamond '^ ^^'^'■^"S^'^'J^. lonung china, wood, leather e c T^n '"7"*,^^"'^^ ^« «« »«eful i„ (or gelatine), four lbs • wl>;L i ' i f?""ed as follows : White rrl,,„ r "SO. / .. J ^U^^t^^:^'^ ''""' brown sugar in the sn.allest by^h7n';:;tmtuten z :utict%fb: si° -'-'-'--' lA ot'^'nflS^^f^^^l^^l^^^^^ Moisture.-Pure white lent cement for mend'n^ bn Ln ' >- '"'' '""^ '''' '' *" ^^''"^■ time to harden I il SS p" rth°. ^'TT \ ^■"'' ^> ""^'^ » '''"^' room, and not to look at it frfr Lj 7^"''^'' "''J^""* '" «""i« ^t^"-^" will then be found so firmly u°tc5tha T"^' '" '^'^"i "'."""'."• ^' not part on the line of the Sr frlale "^''" ^'"^'" '' "''^^ gallon ninety per cent alcohoT Iw? ^ l''""'"' ''"^'^ ^'^^^^ ''''^^ '^'»" ^ dissolved. Heat thred^es of tV« -.-^^''f occasionally until it is the cement with a pLcfirush ^Lu'lt^ *'i•^' "i*^"'^*^''- ^"^ ^PP'v the cement cools. ^ ' ^'^^'^ ^''^ ^'^'^^^^ ^''^^Y together till heut them wel toiXr • pL,c t !m^^ ', '".i"°'t *.'^« "^'•**«"*'^« ' with gum-water, on even tin nkf. n ' if ''1*'' ^°'"« ""^^^ *l^i" cut them out fo; u^e To .olorl ' ^^ ''"-y them in a stove, then vermilion for red riudigo "r ;« d£ '1°*^ IV'^'' ^ItkBr^^H or meric, or gamboge for ylllow. ' ' ""' ^^"®' «*^<^»' *«i'- HOUSEHOLD ORNAMENTS. pl^i?"^t?S5s^'"rc^?*'-^t^ ' ?«™'»°" P^°« ««"«. ''nJ hyacinth water-gas' aud th?«f T '"'?,'' ''^'"^^ ""« ^^^ ^^Y ^^ » cate little green feat'^erv bfc . ' J/" 2?.':°"*' ^"'^ ^^row out deU- tion with a^fttl fesiS ol' erduJe ''' ^"'"« *^' ''''''' ^ P^^' all ^t:n^'."'^flfthe^ca\t;3r '.1*'^' "r'^^' ^^^-""^ ^ ^»^-k wall vine or morning glorrLsntn ! f ' f "* P^^°' '"^ '^ ««'»« clinging little time the K twine aSth.*'''"'P^^"' ^«^^^''' ^"^ >" » ing from below, will 3 frtMl 1''?^^'';''"'^ *'/' *"""i^' ^P^""'" ward and gracefully cffi ar^und'^Jhe'baTe' '*"'" *'"' ^'^^^ *"'" "i^" waS^ ¥hTrt^\t'S^oa.tt^^" r^ '" ^* "r^>^ ^^^" «^ -ft press down into the ^^^ter covere<^^v? .'?T''"'"'.'^'"« "^'^^' '*' ^"^ days they will sprout the Ita il. - '''■^■'''' "^ P^*^- I" » few the lace into tCwaVe uu th« v^ '' '''?'' "^'^"" ^°'''' t'"'""^'^ around the window ^r wilt 'nrir '""■'" ''''''''''^ up to twme the purpose. ' ' ^^ '^ Prettier, a irame may be made for thlylZ't^elT^il"^^^^^^^^ ^«-^^°">'l believe, until , 1-. . -ea It, .low pretty a sjght might be xna'^e of it. Put a I ■'•r*?-' BTTiati JtCONOMICS. sweet potato in a tumbler nf „,»»■ with water; keep the lower end of' t >VnK^ ''u"^' «^*« ''•«««1 .' AH from the bottom of the vessel •!»>»; '"^ '"^er about one or two inohM hour or two each day, anTsoon nFfj" ">« mantel shelf; aun it f° r an Ihrow up a pretty vi^;;and growj "^^^^^^ ^^» appear-tho eye ^t The morning-glory is one of 7 H?^ Z^^^*" *"y tro'lia-work abov« dow,. Give .? ?]enly of JL *^' P'""'^^' '='™'^*'" ^or parloJ win 4'b^*o^bta*t?u?pS^^ -ntel ornament arour^d it, within half aifS of ?ho «.? ?' ^^r* ?'"<=« «' thread Ld m a vase, tumbler, or saucer and .L-''*'^''^ '°'"« ^^ter contained for several weeks. It wUi 7o'on bnrlf "^ '* *°. '•°'»'*'" undis urbod tlie water ; a straight aXZnnal^^^XV'^ «™*" ^oots wS seek leaves, will shoot upward and nr^.f*"' "^'^^ beautiful, glossyiSen Chestnut trees ma^ be Vown m lis .J.?'^ P!''"^'"^ Wa?aS not as beautiful as those of tKak tCw ?' ''"u* ^^eir leaves are onco a month, taking care to sun^l Ji .'^**°1" "''^^^'^ be changed bits of charcoal added to i? wHl S^t t'hf '1 *^« ^''^^ «^"mth the leaves turn yellow add nn« /^ V"® ^^^^'^ 'rom sourina If winch holds theLt^^'aSitTillSSewtE?"" '^^^ *'-""-« . Aakeaeaucerand fill it with tlL^y: *"®"^ luxunance. pino cone, large si.e. having L^^^^ ,^'»^'e i" the center a It thoroughly with grass feed Th«i^-?"«'^^y- Then sprinkle partial y. and in a day or two^'e ti^v .^''"*"''' "'" «'««« the cone interstices, and in a week"vou wiiiY ^^^^ '?"''''» ^"1 appear in the maiiy.colored, it must necessapil J « a- . '' " scarlet, blue or bofiuet Choose rather pJreXe^^^^^^^^^^ -ome hue ii^'out aUows the delicate stLa to be%Sn ' r' *'*'T':*'»* «J«». Xh bronze, or yellow straw conflict S I*^""" «^'8s-wood. silver subordinate to what it LldT XJs^l^tlf)'''^- ^^« ^a«e must S vases for gladiolus, fern, ww'te SSs and th^'rr* ' *'^l-«P'-eading are^trdt^l^;^,;^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ir^S;jS^s»H^^ mixing Of these are bafsams hoUvhn t"^'"''.*"^ ^''^ ^Poiled by tender liquid hues are as tS nf J^'i'^^^' *°*^ sweet-pew. whose may be massed with good effect Lifrt i*"'^ '""T^ ^^«»^^«- ''otheS It 18 well to mentally divide it^tosmln*'"^ * ^^'^^ "^^^ket or vS perfectly harmonious with itself^ ITm ^fP^P^; *»al'm«° jar, and boil it slowly until evaporated nearly cue half. Now suspend the grasses n such a manner that their tops will be under the solution^ Put n?nf,l ^fii'r ^ TlvP'^f^ "^^'"'^ "«* *^« le»8t draught of air or mot on will disturb the formation of crystals. In twenty-four or S^ri^^R/^.T, M*"' °"* "'? ^'^''''' *'^-^I«* *hem harden in a cool or «ninlSf„f ^'''^ ^'yf^^^^ cau be made bv preparing blue-vitiiol or sulphate of copper in the same manner ^ Lut don't let it drop on ^^ n„ tn! °' *^« ««n'«t-, ariiot Maj c li Ain.;tli3st . . April . .'.'. '*l<'od8tone . May [ ijiaini>u(l.. . Jiiiio . Kii.eiald . .. July ..'.W Ajrate Auifust.'.',' u""'' Scptoiiihui-. ^'^''Jo^iyx. . . Ootol)ur. '^"i'.v»olir,o... November f't'''' 1>-Lcnilwr '"I"*2 ■ • Turqu ig^__ cipi It ia ,1,,., f ; 'urqu «e PidcliV C'onstuncy and FideUf •, ■; — Iiinoct'iic. . H"'''th and Lonjf Uf ••'o"t«'iitodArii)i. • • -Antidote ajfaiiist iladnes',. HdDj ..Fidelity. ..Proxperiii,. Countries. Money. Australia - It Audtriu. . Belgium, ,',' '. Krazil ...."'. Ctiitral Aiilerica".'.' Chili " It Deiiniaric..'.'. finglaiid...]] I _■_■■■ France ' Germany,' Korih!"' ** It ' ' „ " South.!' Greece. .. Italy \\ Japan . . ! ! ! 1 *. '. ■ |P«-und of 18.52. ij^i^n, i«56a„d i8bo.v:::: . . . iSoveieign . . . ", .26 Francs • IVenty Miirois!". ■ i no Escudos . • tourR.als Old Doubloon Ten Pesos T«uThalcis Sntv°F^''^'^'^''.«i^^- ::;■■' i»-'ii Ihalers Krone (UrowjiV. •" l>uc.it ' Twenty Dr.ichnis ,'TweutyLire i<^'l.0.1;> 3.44!,' S.84;j 4.44 3.67(i 9.9iii :dge. iLifiil idea that en -i ""•K'eni, which infl,. n Jurinjf thoresp<^■. I thosevcralmontJii, istufiuyand FidelK,. ••• Sinccrit' ,' a, Iresciicoof Minil. • •••• InnoceiK, . • ,• •/'"'-'cess 121 Lov. , iaith and Lonif Lit ■ • J 'onteiited Afin i. ^.Conjugal Felicit. . le ajfaiiist Aladnos, H(,p_ I'^doIJt^ ProHperUJi . fcdaj-8, to make re 3S Money. Valuo Miecellaneotca. 319 Value of Foreign Oold Coin* In United States Monuy-'CunHnued, COUKTBlBB. UlKUMINATION'S' Value, Mexico Doiibliion 16.53 '< Twcnt\' Prsos 10 72 Notherlasidg Ten oiiiidors 3 007 Nuw Oranada Doubloon IS. Oil V ashing^on Monument Moiiument, Place Vendome Troian Pillar, Rome..... Obelisk of Luxor, now in. .V, Height of Monumenta, Towers, etc PLACBS, •■•^85>'Pt ...Belgium • ..France , ...Bavaria.. •••Effypt • . . Rome ...Engiaiul..'."* . . . Kngland . . ...Italy ;; .. .Lombardv., . . ■ ••Cerinanyl..." • ..Spain ." . . . Lombardv -Holland..:::" • •Kgypt .', . .Bavaria ; . ■•Venice.;. ...Italy " ' ...New York.:::: . • .Hindostan.. ,. ..China.... . ■ Paris ".'.'.■' ..Massachusetts. ..Italy _ ..Baltimore., :. ' ..Paris • Italv.... ■■■■ ..Parfs :"■■ FEET. '. 643 .. 476 .. 474 ■ ■ 450 .. 456 .. 448 . 404 . 400 ■ ^* i. ,""2 . 370 . SOO . 355 . .'iflO . U5!i . US . 328 , 314 . 2Ji3 . 262 248 232 220 202 183 153 161 no I PI clS?&*»ti;eTSK^^^^^^^^^^^^^ contained in tlio 3 « 8} K 4 it *i « 6 4< 6\ <( „ catiiedrai;Miian/;;;;;;---3f 000 Notf.?nr ?,',»- p--- -'■ St. Paul's, Rome .. 32000 Cathti^ p'- ^^"^ 21,000 St. paui'9:.Lo„don...v:::::.v::::lf;^^o i s"*ttLd'^'i;:— : !m?« St. Petromo Bologna 24,400 Will contain No. persons. Lateran 22,900 Cathedral, Florence 24*300 Cathedral, Antwerp .■.'.■ 24*000 Bt. Sophia's, Constantinople. . . . '..2i',Qoo Stephen's, Vienna 12,400 bt. Dommlcs, Bologna i ... 12,000 n \u^^K^' bologna 11,400 Cathedral, Vienna n ooo bt. ilaik's, Venice 7 500 FEET. ■ 643 . 476 . 474 ■ 450 . 4i>0 . 448 . 404 . 400 . 384 . 372 370 ;-;oo 355 urs 34,S 328 314 2Si3 262 248 232 220 202 183 153 151 110 contained in the Gallons. .S13 S.'iS 300 4«1 •■••■ 489 592 705 069 1101 1958 • • 8069 Chronology of B^ore Christ. Years. The Deluge oo^q Babylon built '.,...\^'.'. 2247 Birth of Abraham .'.?!!..' 1993 Death of Joseph ,' ib-ik Moses born i^^,! Athens founded ', igL The Pyramids built ." ' .* i250 Solomon's Temple finished ..,"."■.■■■■■ ioo4 Home founded ' 750 Important Events. After Christ Years. Chimneys first put to houses 1236 Spectacles invented by an Italian... .1240 ihe first English Houseof Commons.12.58 Tallow candles for lights 1290 Paper made from linen 1302 Gunpowder ln>ented 1340 Woollen cloth made in England". '. .' . .1341 Pnnting invented 1430 Jerusalem destroyed rs? The first almanac !.'..'."l470 Death of Socrates 400 Rome taken by the Gauls 385 Paper invented in China ." .* 170 Carthage destroyed un Caiftar landed in Britain .'.'.'''' r.; Cffisar killed.. . . Birth of Christ. 44 After Christ. Death of Augustus 14 Pilot, governor of Judea '" 27 Jesus Christ crucified 33 Cluudius visited Britain ...."." 43 St. Paul put to death ...'.',,."'67 Death of Josephus ', 93 Jerusalem rebuilt ',[\ """131 The Romans destroyed 680,000* Jews' m.*"^.!'*"'^'*''^ **'*' 'est from Judea. !l35 The Bible in Gothic ' 373 Horseshoes made of iron .. 4S1 Latin tongue ceased to be spoken . " " " 580 Pens made of quills . 635 Organs used g^Jj Glass In England .'" qq^ Bank of Venice established '.'.'.'. ii57 Glass windows first used for lights' * ' 1180 Manner's compass used 1200 Coal dug for fuel '"l234 First book printed in England 1507 Luther began to preach 1517 Interest fixed at 10 per cent. In Eng- land " 1547 Telescopes invented 1549 First coach made in England.. . 1664 Clocks first made in England 15(JS Bank of England incorpoi-ated 1594 Shakespeare died loig Circulation of the blood discovered.'. 1619 Barometer invented i623 First newspaper i(j29 Death of Galileo .".','.'... . . .1043 Steam engine invented ..!.'.'.!! 1649 Great fire in London 1666 Cotton planted in the United States. 1759 Commencement of the American war 1775 Declaration of American Independ- ence ' _ 177^ Recognition of American Indci/eiid- ence J7g., Bank of England suspciide'd 'cash payment 1791 Napoleon I. crowned emperor ..... 1804 Death of Napoleon 1320 Telegraph invented by Morse! '..'.'. ! !i832 r irst daguerreotype in France 1839 Beginning of the American civil war. 1861 fcnd of the American civil wt. 1866 Great fire in Chicago isji •SffS?«SL*" Aoro.-.Au WW contalnA t,m .quaro yarfa. A iquftre inU< ®22 TTsEPtTL Knowledge. A TaWo of Daily Savings at Componnd Xntereat. Cents a Day. I 55 ei JO 1 37 Per Year. '910 00 20 00 40 00 100 00 200 00 400 00 500 00 In Ten Yeaw. $[30 2C0 520 1,300 2,000 6,200 6,500 Fifty Yearg. #2,900 5,800 n.,000 29,000 68,000 110,000 145,000 By the above, it appears that if a nicclinnic or clerk saves onlv 2? centj. npr ri^,, iniDortint smii nf nion . , I'lii-sley I'araiiip Kadish , S)iiimeh 1 oz to 180 ft. 1 oz to 150 ft. 1 oz to 100 ft. 1 oz to 150 ft. I oz to 200 ft. drill drill drill drill drill 1 oz to 100 ft. drill tI^ I oz to 100 ft. drill pl""*" 1 oz to 150 ft. drill u,,^-,--n •• 1 It to 100 ft. drill l)«^arf Beans Iqt to ISOhills Iqt to 2W hills Corn ^/DrSi^®" Number of Hills, Cucumber ] oz to 60hill« W atermelon 1 oz to 30 hil s Muskmelon 1 oz to (10 h Is Pumpkins. lozto 40 Is Early Squash 1 oz to 50 h 9 March Squash 1 '- fi- i" v'l j;^,''J^^»''«' " i oz to 3000 pit'; r^w""'''" 1 oz to 3000 plfg \f^*"^y • • : 1 oz to <0< pit's ^K^/'«"t 1 oz to 2000 pit's |i*'""''e 1 oz to 40 90,000,000 UBUeioxs. Pagans 676,000,000 Christians 820,000,000 Mohammedans 140,000,000 Jews 14,000,000 Greek and East Church. 60,000,000 Condensed Interest Table, Showing at Different Rates the Interest on $1 from i Month to 1 Year, and on $100 from 1 day to 1 Year. TIUB. 4 Per Ct. 6 Per a. 6 Per Ct. Tfer Ct. 8 Per Ct. on Dolls. Cents . ?is 5 1 4 & 6,^\^\6,^ 1^ 5 S S 6 s DOLLAR. Imo. 0, 3: Ol 0, 4 cl o: 6 5 6 2 " ol 7; 0; 8 ■ Oi 1: 1 1 1 s 3 " li 2' 0| 1 6 ■ 0; 1; D 1 7 2i 6 " 2; Ol 0. 2, 6 1 Ol 8 8, 5 4 12 " 41 0) Oi 6i 1 ni 6: 6 7: ' 1 i ' 9~ 8 Iday 0' 1 1 o: 1 3 o: 1 6 2 2 2 " 0; 2 2 2. 7 0; 8 2 8l 8 0. ^1 4 8" Oj 3 4 *l 1 Oi 6 6i 8 «! 7 oira 4 " 4 5 6 8 Oj C 6 7 7 8 5 <■■ 0- 6j 6: 9 o! s! 2 Ol 7 11 1 HCNDRRB 6 " e 7 8| 3 oj lOJ 11 6 18 3 Imo 0, 33 4 41! 6 50 68 8 66 7 DOLLARS. 2 " 0: 66 7 83 2 I 1 16 « 1 88 8 8 « 1 1 25 1 60 1 75 2 6 " 2 2 50 3 3 60 4 IS •• 4 6 6 7 8 % 326 Useful Kx-owLrJDOE. FiVB PKa Cbnt -aiultiply by the number of days, and divide by ?2 J'divKy r''"'''*^'^ '^ *'' """^''^'- °' •^'^-^'«: «^P''r-t<= the ri«hthand figure, Exam Prr CBNT.-Mnltiply by ti.e number c.f days, and divide bv 45 fl^^'rera^l^diWdeVi:"""^ "^- "" ""'"^^'- "' "^'-Vs ; separate the 'ri.ht hand Tun Per Cent. -Multiply by the number of days, and divide by 36 f.g«™d''dTvi^f;:^i:-^"'*'P'^ "' '''' """"^^-^ °' ^^^«; -P-**« the right hand Content* of Fields and Lots -The followin? table will as«iPfh • ♦!.» point of the tusk is worn off, and the part that was concave begTn??o fill ,m an,t beconw. rounding ; the squares of the central teeth be-in to dfsapjear anS tha jj-ums leave them small and narrow at the top. uisappear, ana tlio •i^nPe^onl.^* ^^^ *' ^"""^^^ *»* Waters-Greece is about tha Palestine is about one-fourth the size of New York Hindostan is more than a hundred times as large as Palestine Ftatel "*' ^^^^^ °^ '*^"*'* ^'^ "**'"'^ *''® P''''^"'' dimensions of the United ^.idels^Ltk^e oXlo.''*'^'' ''°°* Washington to Colorado, and it is three times as The English Channel is nearly as large as Lake Superior. The Mediterranean. If placed across North AmBrina wnnM «,~i,- — _-_.— ,.. fioiu Sail Diego to Baltimore. "' "'" "^''^K--'""" a JI'JiilS vl^rk rKo'c,?err' """^ '''" '^"'"'^ "^ ''• ^"^'«"-' -'^ '^ «* -"« .nr''"'A '^!i'*^'l?," ^^"y^ "''^ twenty-fifth the size of the United States llip Uulf of Mexico IS about ten thnes the size of Lake Superior. 1 b}' the minil)or of and divide by y. by 72. 3 rifjht hand figure, nber of days, and vo cents per day. le by 45. te the right haad by 36. kte the right hand II asdist farmers in fields under eulti- , 1 acre. 1 acre. 1 acre. , 1 acre. , 1 acre. / ect, 1 acre, feet, i acre, feet, ^ acre, feet, J acre. above anJ below, leds one more on id last of tlie fore- vill cut his upper le; at seven the 'ing little brown omer teeth : the ins to fill up and lappear, and tho Bce is about the 18 of the United is three times as ?• ssR navigation », and is a6 wide ^tes. Miscellaneous. I*««l Weights Of Bushel, in Po^„ds._^., Apples, dried.. '"'• '""'i- \^ is. liailey .. -'4 21 -.s Ueaiis, white. *^ *^i ^S Buckwheat.. *^'^ ^0 (iO Broom Coin 'scod *- "- 40 Corn, shelled. . ^'' ''0 iH Corn, ear 5(5 60 r,9 f Jax .Seed . ' ''0 J'O ro tJfass Seed, Blue •••66 ,5« sij " Clover ^* ^^ 11 " Hun"n f «0 O „ '• Timothy. l\ 1^ U Hemp Seed. *'^ Malt, Barley ^4 44 44 Oats ^ 31 ^6 Z-i Onions. '-i' 3.! 32 " Top!: "''7 S7 57 Potatoes.. 28 28 23 „ " Sweet".'. "" CO 00 Rye 55 65 54 Wheat ... 50 60 60 60 60 60 lyiii-r n'li/Tt rent States, . .Mil! ). IikI •Mo. N.V ti.S 'li 24 22 48 48 48 48 00 (iO 00 CO •12 .-.0 62 48 ■li! •ill 40 40 50 50 50 50 70 70 70 70 60 60 6fl 50 14 14 10 15 CO 00 00 00 48 48 48 43 60 . , SO 14 14 14 14 4.5 4i> 44 44 44 44 38 38 as 34 32 32 35 32 60 57 57 57 28 fiO 28 00 28 00 28 00 5.-) 65 50 65 50 50 60 50 W 60, 00 60 S27 o. 25 48 00 52 60 f.O 70 60 10 02 £0 60 14 4a 42 34 30 50 25 00 65 5« 00 Allan tic'"'°" ' '^^•^^O- ^^ I ^«^'^*- ^^!'.''"'- ^idth. Indiii, ' ". 40,000,000 Superior o^* ^J**'- .Southern, " '-O.'^OO.OOO Baikal.. 1^^ l-'O Arctic, " lU.OOO.OOO ! Michigan ^^!? 8> Ked .■;;■■•■ » J.700 I Athabasck llR 50 Japan .. 1.400 i Ontario. . . Ht £0 Black... ■■ .< 1.0'W i .Maracavbo }-2 40 Caspian....;;;; .< '-^'^^ . Givat Hear nl^ "0 Baltic .. ^lOjLadoga.. }^2 40 Okhotsk....";;; .. ^c:-}^ o'? irudson's. .... about ^ "' ''(''f*- I Constance ^^ 1" liattin's •••■a'^out • -1.200 I Cayuga. . f, 10 Chesapeake..'"" « ^00 I George .. ;; f^ 4 proporuoa o. tad .,S wS! " ■"" '°"»" »■''» i"Siy?l,"i {hi S3 W ft 328 VnsFVL Knowledge. A good, ffonoral rule, In Canmnff Fruit. pounTO ?ruTa.rno^l,TS 'Xel ft Zl^lrT''' t '-^r with /our Quantity of Sugar to quart. ... 6 ounces. ...4 " soldered, or seaiedwUh^.iiaVi.lgTax'^orTment '.^TriV" #"''"»;• '"'" "^»"« should be wax and tallow. Sealing w«xrat7orTud/cZ'rLT JK°^^^^^^^^ ^«'»* Time for boiling Cherries „ ™- Raspberries.,. 5 niinutos. . Blackberries ....;';; ^ . «0 B.C. St ATuAi^r«^ M^^^^ entering the bay. ' Alexandria, and served as a beacon to sailors citTtnffie^'fS^f,^^^^^^^ variety i„ theirvelo. the gale, whicli bends its mighnest branches an^ ♦hi S."'? '*''^^'' «' "^e forest, to trees by the roots and destroys the ImbitAf'imr! J^ •'""mi"^> ^^ich tears up its tains some results obtained bv Snieatnn ^h» ^ V'k'"''.":, ^^ following table ^n- force and velocity of certain Unds of ^ncL ''''^™*«d engineer, respecting^ Character. Velocity m A~.«i.i 1 . . *nilea per hour. A ?!"*'«• P'ewant wind. 4 to 5 Abnskwind intn ik Awghwind.......;::;:: gj^ n Character. Velocity in A violent storm ^^iesper hour, A hurricane S> AVigieni iiurri«anft,"7,J igg ud of iugar with four ?. Tin cans should be ii parts of rcpin, bees' jrooved rims. 7 Quantity of Sugar to quart. 6 ounces. 4 «( 6 <( 8 II 8 <• 4 « 10 it 8 U 6 4 4 6 8 6 8 8 none 8 10 1. 1082 B.C. js, King of Caria, by J5 feet long, 225 feet Jxty feet high, each 3h wore constructed g over the entrance ts legs. It was the hidias, 440 B.C. King of Egypt, 280 ich fires were kept p beacon to sailors riety in their velo- iS of the forest, to which tears up its )llowlng table con- 5er, respecting the Velocity in initeaperhour% • •• 60 .«< m Wheat F'lour. liKlian Jloal JJiittor when soft'.'.'. l.o*f Sugar, broken.','.'. \) hito Sugar, powdered llest Brown Sugar i;ip .':■-' Flour Flour M scellam&ui. MoMnres for BouMkeepen. 839 .1 pound .1 " : ...1 ...1 ...1 ...1 •s. 1 oz. 2oz. Ill quart « 1 l< '1 •« '1 " '1 •« .... ••• ^ 2oz. 10 e^gs arc 1 pound. Flour U (marts are 1 peck. It) large tablcspooiifuls arc * Vgh^h are 1 bushel. 8 large tabJospoonfuJs arc'. i pint 4 largo tablespoonfuls arc. 1 gill ■i gills are -.JgiU ^ pints are ijJnt 4 quarts are 1 quart A common sized tumbler holds 1 gallon s<^.^JS"" ''^*** '*'•"«■«''»»« hold's.'.'. iP*nt 25drop6areequal to... •, igill • 1 teaspooof ul O«ometrioal Deflnitlon*. BlSt*'An^»i«^"!!"*. ^!'T^'' *''° ""*«»"»* •»«'* »"« point. ObSL^ ; ^f "^'«^''* ""' perpendicular to anothw. A«n,»!\ , • '^°'*"8r'«*'«'e>- than a right angle. JwrfJif* f *. "^^ *"«^'^ '"'' *•"'" * "8ht angle. wangle, a figure with three sides and three angles SSSS'Sh^'**?*'*'- ^" "'='^ '-■'"« <»" «'d- equal. aSSSL^^i^fS!* ^"«"S'° "'"•'•"?«» its sides unequVl. PanSSlSim ^"'^*^,*»*«''«I' i« * f<""-.sidcd figure, and may be • f«raUologram, having Its opposite sides parallel. S«nare. having all its sides equal and all right angles. »«OwUlgIe, Having a right angle. S!!I?Sfi °' Lozenge, having ull its sides equal and no rirfit amri-. J?a^*i a parallelogram .1th no right angjj *""* ""*"* napMtum, having unequal sides. Trapezoid, having only two pides parallel. pfS™ "f'^l" ^^"' ''*^'"8^ """'"^ ^han four sides. Pentagon, having five sides. ««*--*« u ., . Bezagon. having six sides octagon, having eight Bides. Heptagon, having seven sides. Wona«on, having nine sides. AMoagon, having ten sides; miTml'^?,^l?*tS w"°l?alD!l?h*:.T?°^ «bout thirteen miles tea ovoi 192,000 niiies. Wore a cannon haVi oWt'''''""j'}5""' "' •* "wck— light travels tain full 8^,00(1, it would bo t "" V ?ca«°^^^ through this space ill sc>c.rorcighf,^|"n*„"lr "'^^ ^^' "'''' ^^^ "»« ^^^ ■J\ 330 ITsKFUL Knowledqe!. DlTCOvery and Dlaooverera of AmerioA. MAMI. FLACB. TlUK 1492 1407 1501 KAMI. PLACa. TUB Cliria. Columbus,. . . John and S. Cabot.. Oaipar Cortoreal.. San Salvador... . Labrador Caniidii Jacques Cartler,. . . Heriian. Cortes li"firfl do .Int.n. Gulf of St. L. California Mississip )i R. R. St. Jora.. Hudson Riv.. 1534 1536 1541 1604 1604 Pince de Leon Juiin Verrazani Florida Coat of N. C... lol2j Sam. Champlaiw. . . 16241 Henry Hudson.... American Wars. Klngr Philip's War 1675 King Williara.'3 War 1(589 Dutch War 1673 Oueon Anne's War 1744 French and Indian War 1753 American Revolution 1775 Indian War 17!»0 Barbary Wftr. 1803 Tecumseh War 1804 War of 1812 '. ■.isi2 Aljrerine War i815 First Seminole War !l817 Second Seminole War 1835 Mexican War i^q The Southern Rebellion 1861 The Name of God In Forty-eight Languages. I Hebrew, Eloah Chaldaic, Elah Awyriaii, Rliah Turkish, Alah Malay, Alia Arabic, Allah Magi. Orsi Egyptian, Tenn Greek, Theos Doric, Ilos ifk>lian, Ilos Latin, Deus Gallic, Dieu French, Dieu Spanish Dios Portugese, Deos Old Gernwn, Diet Provencal, Dion Breton, Done Italian, Dio Irish, Die Olala Tongue, Deu Gernun, Gott Swiss, Gott Flemish, Goed Dutch, Godt Saxon, God English, God Teutonic, Goth Danish, Gut Swedish, Out Norwegian, Uud Slavic, Polish, Polacca, Lapland, Finnish, Runic, Pannonian, Tembloan, Hindostanee. Caromdel, Tartar, Persian, Chinese, Japanese, Madagascar, Peruvian, Buch Bog Bung Jubinal Jumala As Istu Fetiyo Rain Brama Magatal Sire PU8S» Oeois;un Tannan Puchocamaa " Thou Shalt not Uke the name ol the Lord thy God in vahi." ; .dk ^ kinerloA. met. TUII ier,... e» ) aiu. . . )n Gulf of St. L. California MiBsissippi R. R. St. Jo 1.1.. Hudson Riv.. 1534 1539 1541 1604 1004 1S04 1813 1815 War 1817 War 1835 1846 Icbollion 1861 uiguagM. lavic, olish, olaccu, apland, iiinisli, unic, annonian, embloan, indostaneo, aromdel, artar, ersian, hinesc, ipancse, ada^asuar, eruviaii, Buch Bog Bung Jubinal Jiunala As Istu Fetiyo Rain Brama Magatal Sire Pussa Oeorgun Tanuan Puchocunas God in vain." «^- ; INjjEX. I'AUK Hoiii, Only Man ha« a Homo „ paiiiun PAOI your Coin- „ " ., - — Family Th^' I * *>'"''y Develops Character tl ^""L'y ""«" «ipc"8 Kapfdlv those who Carry its Kirdens ^ Ho*S^e,^i^jf^f«/»taitating 10 10 j 11 II 11 16 16 Marriaoi. What God thinks of Marriairc 1 1 Principles Governing MarSe"::;: ]l How TO PJJRPBTUAW TlIK HONEYMOON. S^''*^"^""'' Courtship 15 vour rln "'"^. * «'-ht to Neg ea °""hou?T' y«"'-"'M«"%oior How TO BK A Good Husband, Honor your Wife ,- Jove your Wife ". il ShowyourLove Ji fA *o Keep her YounK: '.'.'.'.'/"T. 17 Help to Bear Her Burdens. . . . . . . . . 17 an ^^[^''IJhe Api^a'ranJe ofEdi :;••■• J| KeeS ^7- '", ^,*'"*«' JDevclopment ^nTss^of^ir^^^^'"*^"!^.- TO.'^"!". ^"P""^'^^ ■ V your kev- NowAre *•"*" "■°'" *herc they J Cultivate tTelrid^^t^wn- V - - ^O Avoid Debt 16 o' yo"r ^^uth ^^""^ ^'"'^'"'J' 16 16 16 16 Exprew your Wiii," not " bV Com- ^' Studv If' ^"* ^y Sugtfc8tio,^._?: 18 &""' "*" Character as Hukl Seek to ReflneyouV Nature ?| ?^^SXS!^ it Level up.. 18 Stay at Home .■.".' .■.■.■;.' Jg "&ier' ^"« with-Youi„to '• ID How TO BB A Good Wire. Confide in Him }?, Keep His Love... Vt %'l^*,f"*hgetAl.ffrfaViheSame '' l>o "°* -^lilowyoureelVEver to Como ^^ to an Open Rupture ,„ Study to Understand your Com- panion's THan„aUs^^ j„ n-i- • Feasewdrvord-rricUon! r:.:° je , y 20 20 20 Cultivate Personal Attracti^ oness Cultivate Physical AttractKoneM' ' 1*0 not Forget the Power of incV dental Attentions.... 7. °'^" «« Make your Home AttractlVr st Preserve Sunshin«- '""'"'^° |9 "~ — ' — ' — ^- J 339 Indu. fii lib h t, • ■ Study to meet your Duties u a Wife 22 S«elc to secure your Husband's Hap- piness ' 22 etudy his Interest 22 Practise Economy 22 FAOTB for PARINTt. Paternity is Earth's Highest Dignity 2*2 Children are Boons 22 Children Give New Life to a Homo 23 Children arc Great Teachers of Theo- logy 2!> Parents put tlieir Image and Super- scription upon their Children .... 23 Prepare for the Duties of the Pa- rental Helation 29 Construct your Home for your Children 23 Aemombcr ihat Chiidrtn do Orow Old 23 Reoal, as Distinctly ai Possible, your own Youth 23 FAUILY GOVIRkMlHT. Forty-two Hints 28 SUOaiSTIONS TO CHIIiORBM. Reverence your Parents 27 Appreciate your Parents 27 Do not Shorten Childhood by Haste 27 Confide in your Parents 27 MEHBBRS in TUH FAMIIiT. Brothers in the Family 28 Sisters in the Family 28 How to Treat the A^ed 2$ A Mother-in-law in the Family .... 28 A Step-mother in the Family ....^ 29 Servants in this FamiiiT. A good Master makes agood Servant 29 May expect Promotion from Show- ing Cupacitv 29 Should identify Himself with the Interests of his Employer 29 Should Preserve the Strictest Fideli- ty 29 Should Serve, wlien out of Sight, as Scrupulously as when under the Employer's Eye 29 May Secure his wishes by Requests, not by Commands 29 ^ *>e Employer in Spirit :. 29 Should Secure Permanence of En- Kagement by malting Himself Necessary 29 Should Carefully Study the Duties Assigned 20 Should avoid Habits and Manners Distasteful to his Employer 20 Should avoid Talking iluch 20 Should seek to Gain and Retain Re spcct 20 UI.VTS TO EMPLOTUS. Employer should remember that all Kighta do not center in Himself. . 80 Identify himself with the Interests of his Employes 80 Pay Honestly whiit ho would Expect in a Reversed Cftse 80 Pay Promptly „ 80 Watch over the Morals of his Em« ploy 6» 80 Inspire Respect SO Encourage the Worker 80 Instruct with Kindness SO Ciorrect in Authority and Gentleness SO MlSTHEBS IM THS FAMILY. Should Remember that her Position gives hor Certain Dignity 80 She Must Preserve Good Temper. . . 80 Avoid Fault-finding 30 Improve your Servants by Showing them how they can do better. ... 80 Secure their Confidence in Your Kindness — — « 80 Keep tliem in Solf-respect 80 Put your Servants into the Way of Self-cure. . . 80 Inspire Them with the Sense of Ufe's Worth „ 80 Superiors and Inferiors. Proper Respect for Superif rsis a due Part of Liberty 81 Children should be Subordinate to Parents 31 Superiors in Age, Ofllce, or Station, have Precedence 81 A Parent, Teacher, or Bmployer.may Admonish 81 A Superior may use Language and Manners of Freedom 81 Respect is Due from All to All .... . 31 Accept Facts...... m t^ IN9IZ. rial re Ponuanence of En- by making HlmMlf 2« ully Study the Duties 20 Habits and Manners to his Employer 20 Talking Much 20 o Gain and Retain Re 20 rs TO EHriiOTBM. mid remember that all lot center in Himself. . 80 elf with the Interests loyCs 80 what ho would Expect ed Case 80 ' ~. 80 he Morals of his Em< 80 !Ct SO Worker 80 Kindness 80 tborlty and Gentleness SO sss IK THK Family. nber that her Position )rtain Dignity 30 serve Good Temper. . . SO ndingr 80 Servants by Showing hey can do better. ... 80 Confidence in Your 80 Self-respect 80 vants into the Way of 80 1 with the Sense of h - 80 ORS AND Inferiors. it for Superir< rs is a due rty 81 lid be Subordinate to 31 Sge, Ofiice, or Station, lence 81 :her, or&mployer.may 81 ay use Language and Freedom 81 e from All to All..... 31 ... — .vv.! 1 istvjzv^tiy Gtu dds TrAIHIKO CHILDMN MR QlVRM Ekds. What In your run>ow In Training. . .Il Training for Usefulness, 31 Training for Wealth .'. si Training for Greatness. . 82 Training for Refined Society i...'!'.' 32 Trainlnjft Heaven 82 CHOOUKa A CALtl.VO, But few are Elected to anyone Par- ticular Calling or Trade.. 32 8tud V vour Natural Proclivities '.'.'.'. 33 Study Providence 33 Do not FretoveryourNatiiralQualV- ncations _ 33 Wishes are often PreseiVtiiVeiits'of riipahilities 33 HavingSettled theCallingjVt It Re- main Settled 33 Oentlemnn and Gentlewoman... 89 Good Manners are Important Help.s 30 A nu'riran Manners . gg Study OhHtrvation and Exi)eriincnt 39 Should be TttiiKht to Children Gradu- ally A Few Brief Ru'lesshi.ul'.l be siis- penilod in Every Schoolroom. . 40 40 Tablb Mannirs. Pith. 33 How TO Conduct Family Pratbr. Conduct it According to Your Strength _^ . . gg Have Family Prayer .".*.' *.' ." ." 33 Collect your Household 33 Have each Member take Part 33 '^.l**^ Father is not a ProfesBl'iig Christian, the Duty of Leadership Devolves upon the Mother 34 Ir the Father cannot command Cour- age to Lead in Prayer 34 It is a Valuable Custom on the Sab- bath Morning for the Worship to beAaried ' It is Helpful to hare a Room where all Meet for Prayer 34 Oracb at the Table, Reader unto God Thanks for Daily 34 Cleanliness is the First Element of Decency ^q Children should be Trained in 'tile family ,« TubleRuIcs .■.■.■.".■.■;■■ 40 Table Improprieties (44 described).! n Church Manners. Thirteen Rules 43 INTRODUCTIONH-IIOW TO GiVR TlIKM. Not IsoeesHftry to Introduce Evcry- body to Everybody ' 44 Business Men. :..... .'.... *;; Inferior should be Introduced to the Superior ^^ In Presentins Persons, Speak Names Plainly _ ^- If you arc the Inferior, be not Viret to Extend the Hand 44 In Introducing Members of v'our own Family, Always Mention the Name InofferinjfS, , ,„ UnktUnd"- tiauy,aii auction notNeces- sarv . . 44 44 Salutations, and How to Make The-m. Bread 84 SahiLxtjon the Touchstone of Good Hricdirijf ^ i'^'i^' .?'"'••''"-'«» nt^t 'to Return'a oalutation 44 44 How TO Profit bt Habit. Habit Becomes Destiny . 34 Hints and Helps in Conversation. Eighty-four Hints and Helps 35-38 Good Manners. Politeness is Loving thy Neigbor as inyself og Affectation ia f.hn Fno nt'h'^A tj'_".'..'.i* Rbceptions-Bbst Methods. Tlie Duty of Receiving Visitor.o. . 44 When one Enters, Rise Immediately 44 If tlie Master Receives 4- If Several Come at Once. ...'."; Ar, If \ isitor is a Stran.^'er ... ' " 45 II Some who are Present Withdmw 45 TheDivineLiwofPolitene^;:;;:: U\ vS ^| SfA™""? v. 45 Visits and Calls. eremony Congratulation ....'.'.'. .*.' ," ." 45 zss Index. Vlgiti of Condolence 45 Visits of Friendship ] 45 Visiting Cards. ......; "..."" 45 A Gentleman Attending; Ladies Mak- ing Calls 45 In Tcnninatinir a Call , . 45 MorninjrCall ....... ^^ Soiled Over-shoes and Wet Wraiw". 45 Gentlemen Attendinir should be Prompt 45 Twenty-eight Rules. ...'.'.'. i '.'.'.'.'.'..[ 45 HOBTS AND GUKSTS. Hosts should give Ouesta he Home Feehng 47 Guests should Show Hostst'he Home Feeling, ^y Appoi.itjiints. Dinnerparties 47 Kvening Parties ,]■ 43 Christmas jo The New Year .'!!'..".'.' .'.■.■.■.■ 48 Wbddisos. Custom gives Liberty to Follow Tiiete ". 50 For a Stylish Wedding 50 For a Formal Wedding. ... ' * ' ' 5^ In a Well-ordered Wedding . .' 50 When Ceremony is Performed in Church 5(j Following Bridesmaids an'dQroom*. men gg Order of Approach gQ If the Ring 18 used ka Have only Ushers 50 Order Changes with Fancy ' .' ." ' ' ."."'" 50 When Ceremony is Ended.. . 50 If Ceremony Performed in House! '. 60 Undegroom takes early occasion to Thank Clergyman gi FCTNaaALB. When Member of Family Dies.. . . 51 A Funeral Service 51 Minister not Expected to go to Grave 61 Seventy-two Important Ru!es for. . 51 Ahusbmbnts— Thbir Importancb. To Keep Enemy out of Fort, Oocupy itYourself '.. '^•^ g^ When Amusements become Sinfui . ." 64 HoMB Entbrtainment. Provide in the Home not only In- Bt^ctive, but also Entertaining, Provide Good' Siippiy of" Pictures and Toys for very young Children fcnter mto the Sports of your Chil- dren '^ Lead Children to Cultivate' FVli'its ana Flowers Cultivate Music, InstrunientiiV and Vocal Collect Shells, Plants',' and* Spec'il mens in Geology and Mineralogy, Give the Boys Boxes of Tools. . . . Give the Little Girls Dolls, and nice Large Dolls to Larger Girls .... Interest the Children in Deooratins' the Home Celebrate Birthdays, Ho'lidiys! "and Anniversaries As far as possible let Each' Child have a Companion near its own Age, with Congenial Tastes. . . . Use Hospitality Establish a Reading Circle Keep up Family Relations" After Leaving Home 66 6S S5 C5 .15 6.5 65 60 65 SO 66 56 60 56 Important Rvtza of Conduct. Always be Respectful to Parents. ... 61 Courteous to Brothers and Sisters.. 51 Delicate Attentions of Lover. . . 51 3iutuai Kindness between Emplov- •rs and Employed... 51 How AND What to Rbad. The Use of Books g^ A Course of Reading '.'.'.', g« A Few Books may Gi ve Culture" '. '. '. 56 Choosing Books is Important Busi- ness gy Some Books should' i)'e Read wlietiier we Like Them or Not 57 Never Read Second-class Stories . ' 57 Never Bead what you Do Not Wish to Remember 57 Hbalth at Homb. Health is Wealth go Special Home Ministry . . . ' m Mini;irvTuj;t«&r.':"f tl Another Illustration m Index. 'oLiTiNiai. rxn iport«ntRu!ei for.. 61 J— Thbir Importancb. ' out of Fort, Occupy 64 ents become Sinful . . 54 Entirtainment. Home not only In- t also Entertaininfc, •••••. 66 Supply of Pictures ^ery young Children 65 Sports of your Chil- 55 to Cultivate Fruits •VV C5 , Instrunient&i and r,5 Plants, and Speoi- gy and Mineralogy, 55 oxesof Tools 65 »irls Dolls, and nice liarger Girls 56 dren in Decorating 55 lays, Holidays, and 50 ble let Each Child mion near its own yenial Tastes 66 ••••■. 66 mgCircle 56 y Relations After 6« What to Rbad. ' 66 l'n» 56 y Give Culture ... 58 is Important fiusi- ••••••• 57 Id be Read whether srNot 67 id-class Stories ... 57 you Do Not Wish 57 r AT HOMI. v; 53 ilstry..^ 69 sin Early u9 «<1 69 <"» 69 335 CnOOSIXO A PHVStCIAN. PAOI Select the Physician Early eo Select a Physician of Integrity 60 Choose a Phj-sician of Clean Lips. . 60 He should be Able, Thorough as a ..Student, of Untiring Industry. . . tiO Which School of Medicine. . . eo Having Chosen Him, Give Him Your Confidence g^ Be Considerate of his Time and Rest 61 Don t abuse his Confldence by trivi- al Calls 51 Physician in the Intervals of Sick- ness 61 Better to carp for a Man's Health than for his Disease ci Why do Successful Medical Men often Die Prematurely ? oi Physician should be Reverentiai." . . 62 Qualities of a Good Doctor, by a Doctor 62 Prbvkntion or Disba.sb, Early and Strange Notions of Disease «3 »> hat is Disease? gg Many Diseases may be Avoided .' .. 63 Metliods of Prevention ' 63 Responsibility of Health Commis- sioners g4 The Divine Plan .".".....'. . 64 Why Medicine is Taken "..'.'. 64 Thb Blood - -Its Rrlatiov to HuAr/ni. LlFK AND Change and Waste 64 Supply from the Blood ." 65 Quantity of the Blood .' 65 Effects Produced by Loss of Blood 65 Transfusion of Blood 65 Composition of Blood ss Water of the Blood .'."*' 66 JM inerai Ingi-edients 06 Albumen in the Blood ..', 60 Albumen '.[ " 66 t/uantity of Albuiuoii '. ' . . ' ! - fifi Fibrine .[[ ^6 Other Substances '.'.'.'. 67 Desi-riljed Globules of the BJo d . " 67 Remarkable Characteristics of tlie Globules (f. Color of Blood Globules '.'.'.'. h; Opacity of the Blood ,'■.■■ «? White Globules (ja Coagulation of the Blood ...!'. 68 Time for Coagulation " ' ' gg Cause of Coagulation " " ' as Serum of tlie Blood " ' ' «q A "Clot" of Blood........;; 69 Importance of Coagulati an ; .' eo Coagulation Stops Bleeding 60 Coagulation in the Interior of the ,,Body 70 Ligature and Coagulation 70 Coagulation Spontaneous 70 Why Coagulation doos not Stop Cir- culation 70 Two Different Kinds of Blood in the Bo ho 80 86 SiniMBR Bbviiuobs. PAai teKCteS!?^^"" ti 1V2 The Best Kind of\V«tor.:. *" n Lemonado and Lemons... '. Lemon Sn.rar for Travellers. ! Lemons fur Kxcosslvo Thirst Lemons (or Invalids. 02 03 93 Lemons at " Tea-trmo".' . .' .' oj Organic Matter in Drinking Water !)3 Various Drinks * oi Orangeade Medically Pwiirib^ '. ." ' 94 Ices and Ice-cream | 04 Tm. AND COFFKE AND HkaITB. How Tea is Grown.,.. m Prei»ratlon of Tea for Markit." .' .* .' .' 95 Tea Plant in Respect of Quality M Tea and DigestloS ' ' ' * S ^ni^H"*^..""* Slck-Headaiihei an Illustration » The Doctrine Stated '' m AHomeCase ^ VfAtn-mtn BuAnoM ro Bbaltb. Itfl Loorea . . , . . , ?/'*^'i*''^«"-'~*«lnUieCountfy rfowWater BMomei Polluted.. . _ weu-wator often Daiurerous. ^ution in Locatin^ells ... Care in Constructing Cisterns ".'.'.'.' Howto Examine Suspected Water.. I'urif Tins' Water withAlum. . . .. In Soft Water Better than Hard «r ."•X'"'" '^''nUng Purposes T . . Water-Oure or Hydropathy. ..... Water a Powerful Absorbent .... DUtiuS^X!^ ^.*^''"'^ """^^ Do I^ead Pipes Po'lson 'the" Water." .' .' 87 87 87 68 88 88 88 88 89 89 89 89 90 90 10»-WatU and HaALTB. I«e-V5kt«r Hinders DlgesUon Ice Drink! Affecting the Head .... Otter Byila of losd'brinto _ ! A Sl^CMtira Cgutlns 'V.^^..* T-. "wt ht^^' Drinking Water with*. 00 00 01 91 Was the Case HerediUry? 07 Failure of Remedies .. .. . or Mof'-Oarcfu: Investigation or The True Cause Suspected . . .' ' ' " »T The Usual Answer.:.... qI First Efforts for Relief .'..;.'" oa Relief at Last q2 Relapse and Recovery !,'..' al Was the Case " Peculiar ".'.'.. on A Remarkable Test 99 '^£®?°P*' Remarkable Test.".'.'.' " " oo A Third Remarkable Test ... " " 100 ?K.Kftea"Sr* '""^™" ]^ Tea a Powerful Astringent. ! ! ! 1 .* ! " 101 How to Test Each Case Properly. . .' 101 How to Stop Drinking Tea loi The Old Ciy Stated. .. Jot f»TJ»%*'^ **"''""«* Tom'i'Min. IstersTable ini Is Tea Good for Well People l.\ '.'." 102 CoffeeasaBevera'/e....... loa Substitutes for Coffee .'.'.' .!.'!' loa Tn« Air Wa Briatbi. The Wonder of Breathing iaj wu . .^Ir tJonstantly Needed .... i.' 104 What Is Pure Air?...... JX! How Fresh Air Purlflas the^Hlci^" ^hl t-apaclt> <^ory. 03 ecullar" m 8t 90 table Test 99 bleTest 100 ieadache Sufferers 100 Used JOG Bad Effects of Tea 100 xcitaut 101 atrinjfent lOi 1 Case Properly... 101 kinfijToa 101 f/-y,- 101 Ishcd from a Miu- 101 '^oll People? 102 !^ 103 >ffoe 103 (Vs Bruthi. eathingr lOS itly Needed 104 ■ •• 104 rifles the HlQod.. 104 n^i for Air.,...'.' iojj ilreathe 106 iout.., ,,,,,,,,., u§ |di«l from HloooMith ^m How to Ch«ck 8aw>}'.ng, Cough- iniTi fto EvU Eflwt of Breathinjr' Itoipired 108 by Lighted and 107 Air ill Rooms VltUtod Firw Impure Air Id Sniail Rooms Tenement Houses. . How to VentllUu ilouses". . .'; '.'.'.'.'.'. Air in Sick Rooms Btd Air In School laid Lecture linonis TeachMiandBadAir f\ml Air In Chnrehou Bow to Remove the Foul Air' kvll from Churches ,„„ S?^AIr p«r«w Religion .' . .' ! ! ! loo Night Air Iloaithy no 107 107 108 1U8 108 too 100 100 Svmum AMD HlAlTIt '^*' Power of SunllKht.....' ... 1,0 S«« usioii from Hunshine .119 1 1} osophy of the Influence of Suul njfht ,,. Stinliffht and Plants. ...■.■." 1 }« h!!,"! I*'!!.* ""'.' '?"'"«'«"« Animal's';:: 1«0 Sunlight nnd Human Life . 110 Another TKStimony. Hunliorht and Mino'rs ..','.'..'.' l-aralyHls Cured by Sunshine' '.'."." NoiiralKi... Rhoumatio, and Hypo ohondriac Cnrm byHunshlne .. .3, H lorenco NipfhtliiKalo on Hunllirhl I'^l Sunllffht.Hhut Out by I'arawls* :. 12^ 120 151 121 121 ThoauniiKht Vnd-ni'j^.ds"::'::". -" m Water asaPiriflor fn ,"1'"''/?^'* *1''»>rnots y/,] 122 BeaAlT Hf Jho Sun briiiuH Kilos ija iTTir!.::-;.---.-; in sunlight andftioep ,!2 Sunliifbt and Oars :'; }52 ? Mountain Air CouipHntd iU 112 Mutual Diffusion of Air ..... ' ' ' 1 1 ^ Oar Great Kuemles the MarNluis : : '. u.j OnUlrEOTAflTS— How TO Van TiiKu. PilKJAlia AKD 1 (ir«)ction of the Light. . ., '* " iS The UNO of Colored Glasses ' " 129 Believing Near and FiU-slghtednMi 120 Changing Sight not a Cause for Alariu . .«jj Use OliiHses as 8oubIu (31a.NH08 sometime,! Useful . . 180 Hijulminif and its Romody .... 1.10 NoarHightcdness in Willdren ...'.'. lU) How to Remove Foreign Bodies from the Kyo ,... .ylecdlng from the Nose v 137 TreatmeiJt of Excessive Nose-bleod! 187 himple Remedy for Nose-bleed .... i37 t^tarrn of the Nose 137 Twatwent of Nasal Catarrh '.'.'.'.'.'.'. 138 How to Prevent Turning Gray the Hair from 144 i W«f'?!"«°the HairVinr8(;d;-"wat;;- "^ I Relxe\ es Headache it'; Sudden Changes in the Color of 'the Hair .., -^ Remarkable Case in Berlin 145 L^T'^nu^^^^'^-'' Rotterdam :.■ 145 ^"^5«n Changes of Color Without 'ngnt In- utility of Beards...... \m To Remove Dandruff '.' .',*'.'" {40 Carb of thb Fibt. Cakb of tub Tbbth. Ntmiber of the Teetli . . 13a How the Teeth are Classifl^i ".■!'.■ '.'. ns Order and Period of their Growth. . 138 rhe Composition of Teeth. 139 Causes of Decav '..'., ' 139 Want of Cleanliness ....".'!!".'.' lao deposit of Tartar Injurious . "139 How to Care for Permanent Teeth 139 How to Care for the Teetli Early ... 140 How Often should the Teeth be Washed j^ Use of Aromatic Water. . ', 140 A Mixture for the Teeth . 140 Tooth-powders often Injurious! " ' * " 140 Cracking Nuts with tlie Teeth 140 Importance of Healthful Gums .'.'.'. 141 '• Toothache Cures".' .■.■.;.■ Hi Cam of nu Haik. Growth of the Hair 142 Howto Preserve the Hair... !!!!!;; 148 Why Udlw are not Bald 143 }yhythj Hair Falls Out.... 14? iiow to Pre»^nt the Hair from Falll ingrOut _ 143 Warm Feet Essential to Health .... 146 ntZ*^ o!"'*' ">? P*^'* o' Cold Feet 146 How to Sleep with Warm Feet. . . 1*7 Waking ui) with Cold Feet 147 To Keep the Feet Dry. ... JJi Shcrtand High-heeled Shoes.' 147 Cause of Chilblains.... ili To Cure Chilblains. . HI How to Prevent, and How"ti)' 'fie move. Corns n.g Cause of Ingrowing Toe-Nail ■.■.;.'" 149 Remedies for Ingrowing Nail ...■ 14a Remedy for Blistered Feet. . . " ' iso Bunions ,?X To Cure Frosted Feet'..' i?A Treatment of Scalded Feet. 159 150 151 Care of tub Skin. Use of the Skin.... Color of the Skin ....'!'■ I The Pores of the Skin .' ibi Keeping the Skin Clean... iso Diseases of the Skin-Warts .'.■.'.' ' ' * 152 Grafting the Skin , „| To Remove Warts- iiS Se'SS^.^!^' .'"^.""'*'"- ■■■"■■■■ ^ Tan and 'SunbuVri .' '.'.'.'. .' .' [ [ [ .["" \^ Cause and Pimples and Sores CureofMoles ..'. 154 BATHINO a»|) Hkaltu. Bathing in Ancient limes . . . The Object of the Ancient Bath'.! ! 15« l.'.l 15S Index. PAM M8" Incurable '148 »ldnes8 Curable . . .*143 ictlonal iJaldness. ■ 143 144 "Hair Oils" 144 'le« 154 16* Healtu. me* :icnt Dath... The Bath a Public BeneBt . . . 155 Fresh and Salt-Water Bathing.'.'.'.".' 155 Bathing at the Sea-side 155 Tonic Value of Sea-side Air.... "156 A Caution in Sea-side Bathing ...'.' 156 Psril at Orowdnd Sea-side Resorts . 15rt Season for Sea-Bathin?. ... 15a Duration of the Sea-Bath.... 157 Proper Limitation of Sea-Bathing '. '. 157 Plunfe'e-Bathing * ict Surf-Bathing.; Jgi Best Hour of the Day for 'Bathiiig" ." 157 CondiUon of the Body before Batii- Hcafthf'uV ■ * ■-■-■-■" •:•••.•• •^' ••• • 158 339 PASS 158 158 158 160 Curious Oases of Long Sleeping. ... r/i Soft or Hard Beds, Which f 171 Warm or Cold Sloeping-rooms, Which ? 171 Thorough Ventilation of Sleeping- rooms .7 172 Time Required for Airing Beds . . . . 17i Oreaming and Somnambulism 172 The Cause of Nightmare 172 Snoring, and How to Stop it 172 Are plants in Sleeping Rooms Inju- rious 174 Plants give out Carbonic Acid dur- ing the Night.. : 174 Flowering Plants More Injurious than others 174 Plants Exhale Other Noxious Sui)"- stances 175 Sleep and Death !!!!" 17S Clothing and HbaiiTH. Hot Sand Baths ....■.■.::■.;'.; leo Bathing Dresses jgo Twenty-two Brief Hints to Bathers 161 Accessories to Bathing Lxercises * Avoid Exposure. ...!!..'.'." Bathing Indoors.. Benefit of a " Towel Bath "* I68 Temperature of Baths igfl The Best Bath for Children. ■.■.■." 159 Turkish and Russian Baths 150 Medicated Baths 159 &"c'Kr:.^"" ••••■■•••• !«;^ I The M-^ Healthy Clothing ,75 " ' ^''*"'"'' >" Summer as well as Winter 176 Best Color for Clothing 176 Textu-e of Clothing should not be Close ijQ Evil of Insufflcient Clothing '.'.'.'.'.'.' 177 Evil of Low-necked Dress 177 High-heeled Boots and Shoes.. . . .' 177 Newspapers as Protectors from Cold 177 Warm Clothing for the Feet 178 frequent Change of Clothing for the Feet 7_ J7g How to Wear Under-Clothiiig.'.'. ! .' .' ,' ] 78 Bad Effects from Using "Garters" 178 Mufflmg the Throat.. . . 179 Remove Wet Gothing ',,','" 179 Poisonous Clothing— Gloves.. . 179 Other Cases of Glove- Poisoning '.".'. 179 Poisonous .Socks 179 Other Poisonous Clothing . .' ." .* .' ," " .' 180 How to Avoid such Poisoning 180 How to Curn such Poisoning. . 180 How to Protect the Public from such Clothing jgo Injurious Dress of nsany School- Girls ' Jgg How Fashionable Dress Interferes with Education igi Increasing Demand for " 'Healthy Clothing 181 The Tyranny of Fashion '.[".'.'.','" Ul Slkbp^ano Hbaltii. Sleep a Necessity la.y Wliat Sleep willCuro .... laa How we go to Sleep .* lao Why High Pillows are Injuriou" . 103 ®^'."5,**'* *•>« '^•f or Side, which? ' ,03 EviJ Effects of Sleeping ExcluVivelv on One Side "; igjj Amount of Sleep Necessary . ! .' ' I63 Testimony of an Experienced Farmer 163 Waking Children jr. Best Hours for Sleeping i«i V- V^e, Children a " Happy Go(id The Great Pleasure of Sleep." !."..'" 165 Sleeping Alone ...' " iq^ Are Feather Beds Unhealthy?.' '.'.'" 105 D^'*^* Direction shall the Bed Stand i«^ Sleep for the Invalid '.'.'.'.."" 105 I*ck of Sleep Causes Leanness ...'.'. 166 SlMplessness— How to Prevent it. . 167 "" — • jgg 168 15a Sleeplessness— How to Cure it An Eminent Clergyman's Advice. . iw, Slumber at Will i^ .. 169 .. 180 .. 170 .. 170 .. 170 Sleep Procured byMedi'ciiie.'. "A ■t>,!!6w for th« Sleepless ' Sleeping Hints Short Sleepers Living Without Sloop'.! .',".'.*.". TlOHT-lACINO AND HlALTH- TBSTlMOHr. ■lUPOPTAMV rhj-sloai Effects of Tight-pressing Oartnents ifio Effect on Respiration . . i w<^ 13 iv ,. ,,. ■ •"•••••••••1.1 X o«.< fcffeot on Sue iw.> 340 Indkx, ■l 1. . PAOE ri) vestijratlong by Herbst is3 High Modioli Testimony 183 Ciiso Hoported by tha "British .vlO'Iii'a! Journal " 153 Ti^lu-laoiiiq: Pollutes the Bloofi . .' '. '. is-t Weak an.l Silly Kxcuse.i Uescribcd.. 184 lufht-lacing and General V.oakiiess 185 Absurdity of Ti;?ht-Iacini? U(i The aenerai (Question Illustrated . . 180 ExKRciaa and Hkalth. Toil and Activity Necessary to Health _ jgj Severe Exercise after Eatinir'ln iiiri- ous i,)i I Li^ht lixercise after Eating Health- i lu' 191 These Rules Apply also to Mental Exercise jgi I E irly Walking and its Value ... ii)2 How to Make the Walk most Health- Comparative Ages of Persons Active'''" in iHisiiioss jaa V Hal StiUistics— Births -'an Vita atati«tio3- Marriage .' ' ' .^o,) Vital Statistics- Deaths . tX Evpecoatiou of Human Life.. .".',".'.! 201 ful 192 AValking Combined with Useful' in- vestigation j()2 In Walking the Dross shixuVd'bo Loose , j[)2 Walk Untrammelled ..!!!!*.!!'.!]'.* 192 Effect of Tight Lacing on VVaikiiig! 192 Exercise for Delic itu Women . 193 Wear the Right Kind of Shoes ...'.'. 193 Exercise a (Jure for many Diseases. 193 Exercise '• A'wut the House " Not ^'•''w.u^h 104 Exercise by Rule Firmly Observed, 19-t Exercise as a Cure f.ir Low Spirits. 194 Abuse of Physical Exercise 194 Falsa Criticism Concerning Exercise ^n3\vered ....... 194 Biding and Howing, and other kinds of Exercise 195 Swimuiiug as Exercise .".'.'...,'..'..", 195 CRn.No, Lauoiiino and Sinqi.no. Cryiiig and Health igg LiiUKhing and Health ',','/ 190 Tiio Laughing Cure .".". | 197 Physical Influence of Singing 197 Age for Vocal Training 103 Occupations and Hbaltu- Statihtics. -Vitaij DWKLLI.NOS AND HraUTH. Importance of a Healthful Location 212 Rouiovefrom a Foul District ... 202 fri, hr-r*^ '^'■"H'"' «'«'• tJwellings m I fligh Ceilings and Health. . 2o2 I t;V>acity of Bricks for D.vmpness'.:: 20.^ , D.imp Walls and their Relation to Health .,„, Dampness of Other Waifs" ". ". 20? Why Damp Walls are Injurious. '. ' ' 'm How to Dry Damp Walls .... 204 How to Prevent Walls from BeconV- mg Damp -a Succes.-.'..; Experi- Diinp UloVete'and Health '.'.'.'. on-! Caution Against D.vmp Floors iw How to make Dry Cellar Floo, s. ..'. 'or Dan-er from Vegetables in CelKirs. 205 Danger from Wetling Coal in i^ellars 'MS bitUtig-rooms and Bedrooms and Health — The Kitchen Sink a'lid :i^aith Ripe Fruit in Sitting or Sleeping- rooms '^ •* The Out-door Parts of' the'Uouse; ' House Ci-sterns and Health How to Remedy the Evil of' Bad Cisterns Death in the Kitc'hen'Disliclo'th "' Secure General Home SaniUrv In- spectiou ■2li6 200 20i» 207 207 207 Mental Labor and Health— an lUus- tr uion 190 Ti.eioHie Himdreds'of'simirar' Cases 199 .A.\ora;ic Longevity of I>iverse Avo- 'J;>.tU)l!H. . Order of >i jmlityin Certain Classes of Mfli'nn. Lab IVJ arxji. 199; 203 ScUOOL-aOOJIS AJJD HiSALTH. Near-sightedness in Schools 209 An Alarming Fact .... 204 How to Remedy the Evil.'.'.'.' jOtt How the Evils are Caused ..'.'.'.,'.'. 2 10 Caivb of CuiiiDiuur, Early Food of Children... on Changes of Early Diet— Weaiii'ng:." 2U Best Rule as to the Exact time for Weaning 0,3 Arrangement of Regular 'Meals' for Children oij Is the .\Iother's Health in'/ur'e'd "by Nursing? ■* ^,,0 The Mothers Food while Nursinir ' ili A Common Artiflelil Food Con- deuiiic J „ ^ 21 j Index. lof Persons Active '•irths -.OO •larriage ;0i) 'oaths 2i)0 uman Life '. .. 201 Ear y Baths tor Chil Jrou o?^ ^ y ClothlMT for Children 213 tAr y Sleep wT Children 213 Sha Children be Rocked to Sleep? 213 Shall feather Pillows be Used for Babies' Heads ? 214 Babies' Bowr-legs, and How" to' P*'©! vent them jj^ Babies' Knock-Icnee3,'and How'to Prevent them ji^ How to Care for Cbll.lre'n's Fwi! !.' 214 Early Exercise f w Cliildrun 216 OivingSpints or Cordials to Uabies 215 Am Candies Healthful for Children? 215 Children in the Care of Servants... 213 Lack of Appetite in Children . . lis ^„!' I.l^'^'f' *"** ""Wts of Children atiscnool... .•).« $41 riffi Tna Sick-room and Hbaltb. T4'ht in the Sick Chamber. Cheerful Walls and Cheerful pK)'- spects Th! H*P}^*>.°.°' l''^"t ContiiYs 217 1 he Healthful Influence of Pleasant Variety .,17 The Inspiration of Beautiful Flowers "'17 Caution as to Reading Aloud In the feick-room .,,» Read Klowly to the Sick '.'. oji «e* mote Abstinence from Alcohol . . Testimony of a Great Surgeon . inconsiderate Prescription of Alco- holic Liquors by Physicians— Tes- timony of 300 trading Physicians Oeneral Physiological Effects of Al- cohol ... Alcoholio r.inks Greatl'y" ""shorten uUo Interesting Illustra'tlTOStoti'stioi.'".' lobleShowinar the Comparutivo Ex- poctation of Life for Drinkers. .. 227 why some Liquor-drinkera have Long Lives 223 AlOTholio Intemperance" Hereditary 228 Darwin Conflnns this View. o-s Hereditar/ Drunkenness Illustrated 2^3 Great Peril iu Using Alcohol as Medicine 220 Sad Results of Prescribi'ng Alcohol.' 22» Fruitlef«s Efforts for Recovery 22tf ine Victim's Sorrowful Experience 230 Dr Rush's Noble TesiimonV 230 tac^"^ Paroxysms : Periodic At- The ExmiMforth^"p;ric;dio"i4rI ^ oxvsms Sudtlen End of the" brinklii"g 'Pai-1 oxysma " 227 227 231 Iiicrease of the Paroxysms'.'.' How Alcohol Injures tho Physical PatentJ^ttire" "theWoret Form' irf Alcohol. 231 231 231 231 Important Qualities of a Good Ntli^; iil|« 'c^-eTf 'rir"n;i«^:;i';. *** Twenty-one Brief Suggestiona to | Th^"^^^^°^r" •■■'•—• 283 Nurses , ; 221 >iC0H0I< AND HiALTH. ^i*^?^' ^i»not be Classed as Food.. 222 Liebig's Testimony 222 Dr. Richardson's and Prof! Siiill man a Testimony 223 Aicuhol not the Somoe of "physical Force ._ gjs Similar Testimony from Others ." '.'.'. 223 Does Alcohol Help DigestionV 228 Alcohol Uaeless in Nearly all Cases 224 , . Taperlng-off System"' Exl ploded Treatment of Inebriates in "Del'liiiiii Tremens m.. What to Avoid ...... ..' ^, 2it3 Tobacco and Hkalth. Another Testimony , SSS Other Testimonies. ... . oS vSTg.'!^'*^'^ Harmful io"ih; Tobacco iiid Paralysis.' .'.".".';;,".".;;; ^5 £33 II !i 342 tanEK. PAOB Tobacco and Early Physical Weak- _"e Danger from Wet Clothes. 242 Danger from Cosmetics 242 Danger from Lamp Explosions""" 'HS How to Test Dangerous Kerosene.! 243 Caution in Cleansing Wells 243 Caution Concerning the Tea-pot " " 24J I j^ut:un abuut Laughing Gas. . . . !! 244 i Caution Concemiiij,'- Ice-Croam.... 2-li ■ Antidotbs for Poisons — Snakb and iJfSKCT Bitbs What Snakes are Poisonous ^m Symptoms of Snake-Poison m-? Antidotes for Snake-bites id Bites of Venomous Insects. ! ! 2r1 Treatment of Insect bites ! ! ! ! ^ Antidotbs for Poisons-Miscbl- LANEOUS. Poison Ivy and Oak: Remedies 253 Lead Poisoning 053 Antidotes for Lead Poi"s"o"iri"n,i sisa Poisoning by the Filling of Teeth ' " 2M Poisoning by Wall Paper .... ^4 Phosphorus Poisoning 054 Poisoning by Opium ! ' ! ! 051 How to Act When Poison has b^en Swallowed 254 Embrobncibs-How to Mbbt Tuem. Loss of Blood a Real Loss ... ok;; 'eed»iig from Veins !.!!!!!!! 255 Index, M B eedjngr from Arteries SI Bleeding from the Teeth. . "" ^ Rupture of a Larsre Blood-veMoi.'.".* Me Fracture of the Skull 2M Partial Fainting, and its Refief:.":. 266 Apparent Insensibility ... Vm Complete Unconsciousness, and its Remedy ' ,^ ?nl*l?."''";.*!!** ^^ Treatment. ! ! .' ! 5i? Sprains, and how to Cure Them . 257 Fracture of the Collar-bone 257 Fracture of the Ribs . oil Dislocations H C'oth^g^on Fire-Presence of iiind Clothing on'Fir^Whit to do'.". '." ' f^ T°pP^event Clothing tnm Taking Cures for Lock-jaw !." .".'.'!." ." oil Reheffrom Choking .... ^t Frost Bites— Instant Remedy." .' .' ! ' ' 258 General Treatment for Burns and Scalds „,Q How to Relieve Pain from Wounds 260 Pain from Nail in the Foot . . om Sunstroke-its History. " ."«X Sunstroke does not Follow Short " Kxposure Tirae for Suu- L'61 261 Most Dangerous stroke Premonitory Symptoms "of Sun- stroke i,g. Hints for the Prevention' of Sun- stroke gfli Treatment of Sunstroke am Treatment of Sunstroke 'after 'it'e- covery ..^g LightningStroke : Preliminary Dai'i- ST^rs „g2 Apoplexy : Nature and Cause'. 2(a linmcdiate Treatment of Apoplexy." ofj-^ How to Treat Delirious Patients.:. 263 Convulsions, and How to Stop Them 264 ] Embrobnoibs— Deownino. j JVTiat to do in Case of DroA-ning. .. 264 '< To Restore Breathing *!'... 265 I Guarding .^gai'iisl bTpTtheria 2M How to Relieve Severe Coughs- Seven Good Recipes 971 Cures for Sore Throat 272 %''sw'""'"''"^""*««'°^'^"„. Constipation— Cause and Cure! '.'" 276 Cures for Boils J^g To Prevent and Cure Ulcere' ! ." 277 Felons -Eight Thoroughly-Tested Cures 277 Cancers— Important Metliods'of' Pre- vention and Relief . 070 Treatment of Scabies. . . .' oya Whooping-Cough-Two View's" 'of Giving Medicine „ 0-0 troup-Six Methods of InsteAt'Re- '»ef 27a Hay fever-Class of Persons "Afl^'t- ed ..J, Hay-fever-Causes -Iso Hay-fever— Localities Most Affected 281 Remedies for Hay-fever 'Ni Eruptive Fev^'-s ' ." _' _' _' _" ^[ Symptoms a.&l'ieveniiVe's'of Fever 281 Relief of Sea-sicI, ness Ho!, To Avoid Sea-sickness. as' Temjwrary Belief for Ncurkiriii, .' ' " 2s' Cure of summering f. . ; ; ." 232 MiSCBLIiAKEOUS HfALIH NoiBS. Pine Woods and Health om Danger of Cold Water in the F^e .' .' 282 A Most Refreshing Bath 282 Htiw to Avoid Pneumonia. ' ' ~>aii Position After Being Tired 28} Opfning Abs(;e86es Under Water! '. '. 283 Pie-crust and Dyspepsia osn Little Things and Health 233 Recovery Twelve Hours After Drowning ges How to Bring a Drowning Person to Shore ^^g POULTICBS ANO TUBIR APPHCATIO.V. General Purpose of a Poultice 269 Bkiiw euass voa Vakious Disbasbs. Colds-Seven Important Kcmedies. 270 Time Required for Digesting Food". 283 Cold or Warm Drinks . ... 283 How to Remove Bitter Taste "84 Most Healthful Seat in a Car 284 Causes of Lung Congestion '.'. 284 Spread of Pestilence 284 Se wing-Machines and Health '8.1 A Specific for Scrofula. . ."gi Iniportant Suggestion to' Pax'onta " about .Sittin- " 284 Improper Sitting and its Evils' '."" 284 Chewing Between Meals 'Ill Remedy for Feveriahness....' " 28fi Hi inDt. I !'l l*AOE I Cause and Cure of LeanueM '^85 C-'uro of ObMity 095 < 'liief Causo» of Suaduu Diath 280 Medical Qualities of Pumpkiug asc To Keep White Hands 280 A Good Tooth-wash 2S($ To K«move Moth from the Face. . . . 280 Pimples on the Face 287 To Strenjfthen the Hair 287 To Cool a Room 287 Protection from Damp Walls 287 To Make a Good Court- Plaster 287 To Relievo Whoopinj^-CoiiKh 287 Diphtheria— Its Symptoms 287 Cause of Diphtheria 283 Treatments of Diphtheria 288 Iiifectisu Carried by Pot Animals. . 288 Flies as Poison Carriers 288 To Prevent After-tMte of Quinine.. 28U Inflation of the Lun^ 289 Diet for Dyspeptics 289 HoMB Economics. Waste in tb« Kitchen atW KrTCUZ.S FVRNITDKS.— CBXAMLNd. Heating New Iron 291 To Prevent Crust in Tea-Kettlos. .. ai)l To Clean Teft-Kettlee 201 Olass 201 Glass Vessels 20I To Clean Coal-oil Cans 292 Washing Knives and Forks 292 To Clean Knives 292 Scouring Knives 202 To Extract Stains from Sliver 292 Silver Soap 292 To Clean Silver 292 Another Method of Cleaning Silver 292 Cleaning Tinware 292 To Clean Tin Cove.v: 292 To Polish Tins 292 Papier-Mache Articles 293 Japanned Ware 293 Cleaning Floor-boards 293 Another Method 293 To Clean Painted Wainscot, or Other Wood-work 298 Cleaning Old Brass 29S To Clean a Br»Bs Kettle 293 To Clean Brasses, Britannia Metals, Tins, Coppers, etc 498 To Keep Iron from Rusting, 298 Pai)er for Cleanings Stoves, Tinware, Furniture, etc 293 Cleansing Bottles .• 294 Soaps and Wasuino Fluids, Hard Soap 294 9«ft Soap 204 X. K.v<'i.'llont Soft Soap 294 Common Hard Soap 204 Labor-Saving Soap 294 Honey Soap ,'. . " 294 Using Soap .2U5 Sujflcoatioiis 295 Washing Fluid 295 To Make Hard Water Soft 295 To Clear Muddy Water 895 WAsuixa Ci/0t::bs. To Clean a White Lace Veil 295 To Wash Fine, Colored Fabrics .... 290 To Wash Merino Stockings 800 To JiaUethe t a.jrs Stajid in Deli- cate Ho„j 29fl To Wash Chintz 296 Washing Prints 290 Another gyg To Make Use of Faded Prints 290 Cleansing Blankets 290 To Wash Flanuel 207 ftestoiing White Flannel 297 Washing Woollen Clothing 297 How to Wasli TaWe Linen 297 To l>ro8erve Clothes-Pins '. 29T BrAROiiiso, FoLDiMa, and laoviKO. To Prepare Starch 29r Flour Starch 297 Glue Starch 2O8 Oum-arabic Starch ., [ 1^93 Starching Clothes. 298 Sprinkling Clothes ]'.'. 293 mding Clothes 298 OI088 for Linen 298 To Make Flat-irons Smooth ,,. 29a Another 29!1 To Preserve iMns from Rust. '...*.'. 298 To Bemove Starch or Rust from Flat-irons 893 Ironing 299 Starching— Clear-starcliing, etc ... . 209 To Clear-starch Lace, etc 299 Ironing Lac«8 298 KuioviN-a Staiss. Grease Spots 300 8t*ln8from Acids ftjo Wine Stains '. aoo Iron Rust \" " 390 To Take Out Scorch ..*.'.*!.* 80O Mildewed Linen ].. y^ To Remove Mildew [',,', artj Anotlior Method ,.,..* $<» Coffee Stains POO Crass Stains ..'"!.*.!.. 3W) 1 1 Tndhx. 346 rxat ip 294 >p 204 ? 204 2t)4 '..'.'.'.'.'.'.'..'. 205 _ 295 tor Soft"..'.",',..".'. 295 ■at«r 295 1 Clotiibs. Lace Veil 295 ored Fabrlca .... 290 tockiiij^ 29(J ra Stand in Deli- 296 200 20a 3^ ded Prints!,!!.. 290 1 2«tt 207 laimel 297 Clothiiijf 297 9 Liiieu 297 a-'Pina 297 Wa, AKD iBOStKd. 29T 297 288 •/ 298 203 208 298 298 Smooth !.! 20ii 298 rom Rust 298 1 or Riut from 5598 2g(j u-ching, etc'.'.".', 209 B,etc 299 298 a STAQig. 300 8Mf aw 300 1 SoO 8"0 3fl9 , ,. a^iii POO 300 PAOI I Te» Staini 300 Medicine St«ini ....: ." " 300 Fruit Sulns 800 l-Vuit Stai ns on Tkble-Ilnen ..!.!.!! 800 JVultand Wine Btidni SOO Ink StolM 55l To Take Marlclnglnk Out of Lineii! 801 Ink In Cotton, Silk, and Woollen Goods 801 Ink Stains on Mahogany 801 Ink Stains on Silver 301 Ink and Iron-mold ! 801 To Remove Stains from Flooii! " 801 To Preserve Steel Goods from Kust. 801 To Remove Paint Stains on Windows SOI Stains on the Hands 802 To Preserve Polished Iron Work. ! ! So2 To Remove Rust 302 To Extract Grease Spots from 'Books 302 Removing Tar Spots 302 Ammonia for Renovation 802 Removing Grease from Silk "' 803 To Remove Grease from Coat Collars 803 To Restore Crape 303 To Clean Furs '../. 503 To Preserve Furs .....'.'!,'!.* 803 I'o Glenn Velvet '. " 808 To Restore Silk '" 808 Wrinkled Silk 303 To Bleach White Silks or Flannels! 803 To Clean White Ostrich Feathers.. 803 To Clean Feathers 803 To Make Cloth Water-proof ! * 304 To Clean Black Cloth 804 Cleaninsf Silk and Merinos ', 804 To Color Kid Gloves 804 To Clean Kid Gloves '304 Washing Kid Gloves 804 To Extract Grease from Papered Walls onA To Clean WaU ?»per !!..'.! m Polish or Mahogany Color suti Simplest PolUh for Oil Furniture. . 306 Oil for Red Furniture 30a Polish of Oil and Alcohol. . , , " ' 807 Polish for Leather Cushions, etc. !! SOT To Give a Fine Color to Cherry-Tree Wood go* To SUin Black Walnut 31/7 801 ImiUtion Ebony C tain 307 To Ebonice Various Woods ! ! ! 807 Water and Vamlnhed Furniture... 307 Cleansing Polish for Furniture. ... 307 Where and How to Varnish 803 Varnish for Unpainted Wood ! hdh Biacki ng for Stoves 308 Brunswick Black for Varnishing Orates 808 To Clean Bronzed Chandeliers',' etc! 808 For Cleaning Brasses Belonging to Mahogany Furniture 308 To Clean Sinks gOS AhTICLIS for the TOTIIT. Rose Oil 809 Colox-ne Water ! " " goa To VV'ash Hair Brushes " 309 A Paste for Sharpening Haiors. . . . ! 80» Shaving Cream SOIJ ToCurlHair "■ 309 To Remove Tight Rings . . , ". ..'.'!!! 809 Rose Lip-Salve 809 WHimwASHnra and Paiotino. Cracksin Plasterlnor 805 To Fill Holes in Walls 805 Brilliant Zinc Whitewash ! , ! 805 Cheap Whitewash ;. 805 Making Paper Stick to Whitewashed „WaIl8 805 New Recipe for Whitewash 306 A Brilliant Stucco Whitewash 805 To Color and Prevent Whitewash from Rubblnjf OJT 806 Paint for Kitchen Walls 806 Fire and Water-proof Paint 306 Pom?!!!--.-? FPRKrruRa. Best French Naphtha Polish 806 Best French Spirit Polish .,,,,,,, , 306 83 BiRsa ARS BiRo- Food. To Distinguish Canaries 31.0 Place for Cages siO Size of Cage Perches ! . ! ! sio Food for ('anary Birds 810 Care of Young Canaries ! . aiO Parasites upon Canaries ! 310 Howto Destroy Parasites ' 3U Food for Mocklng-Blrds an lb Distinguish Thrushes— Pond! ! ! .3U Care of Young Thrushes 311 Food of Bullfinches ! hi 1 Care of Younar Bullfinches " 3ii Linnets and Their Food :U2 Blackblrdd and their Food " 312 To Distinguish Skylarks ! ."J12 TheCagesof Skylarks ;ii2 Food of Skylarks 312 RULKS FOR CARVTN-O. CaiMng Knives 312 Carving iJiaiies y,\-f ToOarvea Fowl aij To Carve a Fillet 313 To Carve a Bound of Beef sjs 346 Tndhx; PAOB I ToCarvea Sirloin 313 To Carve a Leg ,.. 318 To Carve a Pigr 313 To Carve a Calfs Head BlB ! To Carve a Saddle of Mutton 313 ' To Carve a Spare- Rib 813 | To Carve Fish 313 Order of S'^rviiiif 313 PASTa AND CSUIINTS. Rice Flour Cement 314 Paste that Will Keep a Year 314 Liquid Glue 314 To Prevent Olue from Smelling Badly 314 Cement for Iron and Stone B14 Diamond Cement 814 Ctiuient for Metal and Olass 314 Olue for Uniting Card-Board, etc.. 814 A Cement Withstanding Heat and ^ Moisture 315 ement for Crockery 316 To Make Coniixxmd Glue 815 HousEiioi.D Ornamknts. Pretty Hanging Oi-nanients .'iir> Pretty Mantel Ornaments 31G Rules for Arranging Cut Flowers.. 816 To Crystallize Grasses 317 To Take Leaf Impressions 317 Rockeries, Vases and Hanging- Baskets 817 USKFUL KnOWLRBOE. Gems and their Language 318 Value of F(ft-eign Gold Coin in United States Money 818 PA8I Foreign Silver Coins 810 Convenient Interest Table 320 Height of Monuments, Towers, etc. 320 Cnpacityof Wells 320 Capocitv of Rooms U2l Chronoloify of Important Eventa. .. 321 Contents of an Acie 321 A Table of Daily Savings at Com- |M)\ind Interest 322 The Nine Parts of Speech 322 Approximate Measure 322 Memoranda Connected with Light.. B22 Signs used for Lettera by the Deaf and Dumb 323 Quantity of Seeds reauired for a given number of Hills or length of Drill 323 The Longest Rivoi-s in the World . . 321 Ages of Animals 324 Rates of Speed at which Birds Fly Ijer Hour '. 3:U Number of Trees on an Acre 324 Area and Population of the Earth.. 32' Coaulensed Interest Table 32. Interest Rules 32ii Contents of Fields and Lots 820 To Tell the Age of a Horse 326 Comparative Size of Countries and Waters ;i2i) TiUgal Weights of Bushel in Pounds 327 Oceans, SeaH, Bays and Lakes 827 Voltaire's Great Riddle 327 Canning Fruit 328 The Seven Wonders of the World . . 326 Velocity of Winds 328 Measures for Housekeepers 829 c; Geometrical Definitions 329 ^ Velocity of Sound and Light 329 C Discovery and Discoverers of Ameri- ca 830 American Wars 3!t0 The name of God tn Forty-Eight i^anguageM 830 1I11I! 810 est Table 820 lenti, Towers, etc 320 i 328 )» ^21 iportant Event*. . . 321 tiie 321 Savingrs at Com- 822 r Speech 322 Mure 822 lected with Light.. 322 ittera by the Deaf 323 is required for a uf Hills or length 323 )i-8 in the World .. 321 324 ; which Birds FIv 3;! J on an Acre 324 Hon of the Earth.. 32' S8t Table 32. 32t; 8 and Lots .'520 ■^>- if a Horse 326 I of Countries and :m Bushel in Pounds 327 ^■8 and Lakes 327 liddle 327 ersof this World.. 328 9 328 usekcspero 329 :;• iltions 329 1 and Liifht 329 C Bcoverers of Ameri- 330 S!!0 id In Forty-Eight 830