IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // ^/ ^.<.<^ Z \o :/. m 1.0 I.I £ Itt 1120 1.8 11.25 i 1.4 ^ v] ''/.„ '# / 7 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 /£ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de nrticroreproductions historiques ^ Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. L'Institut a microfilm* le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a At* possible de se procurer. 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The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmts A des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque Ie document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seui clichA. il est filmA A partir de i'angia supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en has. en prenant Ie nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants iilustrent la mAthode. irrata to pelure, n d D 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ., „„,-«•-« ^IWle-'''**'*""'' iwmiW ''i'ly the year 18<;2. I ^51...05 I I8,7;i;i;48t» I I 78O,!)03 f ^^J'^^\\ J,273,840 4,833,526 II TT.T^^^V ^''** '?/'^'V.,«. and Grain Expori <( II II II I; To •C '4: ^^'^t Eastward from t \ 'other grain, Ijiishcls. Ijarrols. 1857. ■J '""IWKjv. Ship metits of Flour and G rah from Ports on lake Michifjan^ durlny the ymr 1802. PORTS. Chicago, by Lake Milwaukeo " Orocn Bay, " Bacinc, RenoBha, Shuboygau and Port ) Waabingtuu '. S Total by Lake by Railroads. Grand Total . Flour, banelK. Wheat biiHhels. 1 057,803 711,405 95,332 48,593 13,466,325 14,915,680 304,242 903,764 1,913,133 686,340 2,509,473 29,590,011 790,146 Corn, bnsholB. 29,248,677 9,489 67,082 Other grain, btishels. 3,061,845 251.295 60,029 29,325,248 212,124 3,973,169 860 357 30,380,157 29,537,372 | 4,833,526 Of this amount 1,317,026 bushels loft the Lake at Grand Haven for the Detroit and Milwaukie Total, bushels; 51,665,862 18,7;i3,489 780,902 1,273,840 72,454,093* 5,294,327 77,748,420 Railroad. Ej Tahley shewbuj the quantities of Flour and Grain setit Eastward fn RECEIVED AT 1. Western Terminus Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 2. Western Terminus Pennsylvania Central 3. Dunkirk 4. Buffalo 6. Suspension Bridge 6. Oswego 7. Ogdensburg 8. Cape Vincent 9. Rochester 10. Montreal 1856. Flour, barrels. Total . Bringing flour to bushels of wheat, we have a total of Bushels of Grain 419,797 215,000 350,030 1,211,189 ;^01,524 202,930 ;i54,964 (i:),000 7I2.(»38 3,81)5,412 Wheat, bushels. 8,465,671 8,382,398 610,937 500,000 1 546,352 19,505,358 Corn, bushels. 9,632,477 3,589.211 377,975 45,000 037.969 14 282,632 Other grain, bushels. 487.100 405,872 2,025,519 900.000 619,280 37,432 50j4)00 67,366 4,592,509 ^ Total movement 57,707,709 bushels, \ Received at Montreal.. 5,811,877 or 10 per cent. 1857. Flour, barrels. Wheat, bushels. 420,801 351,011 235 331 925,411 180,194 101,363 361 .578 60,472 637,052 3,279,213 9 266 8,383,815 148,138 5,353 026 598,523 477,375 1,708,965 10,679,108 Corn bushel 99, 5,720, 2,003, 517, 40, *383, 8,765, Total movement 44,111,299 Received at Montreal.. 5,315,552 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 0. 10. 1860. Flour, Barrels. 352,413 426,660 .542,765 1,122,335 650,000 121,185 248,200 28,940 5,250 608,309 4,106,057 Wheat, bushels. 500,888 18,502,649 9,440,4t;i 565,022 203,878 425,765 2,686,728 32,334,391 Corn, bushels. 644,081 11,386,217 4,066,952 867,014 73,300 138,214 Other grain, bushels. 126,393 864,160 8,843 1,632,920 1,875,000 2,043,535 35,161 186,597 10,725 916,648 18,075,778 7,698,982 Total movement 78,639,436 bushels. Received at Montreal.. 6,782,135 or 8J per cent 1861. 1861?. Flour, Wheat, Corn, . Other grain, Flour, Wheat, Cort barrel.^. bushels. bushels. bushels. barrels. bushels. bush 270,000 80,000 690,000 1.1145,028 1,948,256 890,696 • • I 7,16,529 604,561 230,400 7,175 1,095,365 112,061 149 2,159,591 27,105,219 21,024,657 2, ,532,770 2,846.022 30,435,831 21,288 753,915 2,675,948 875,000 ■ • ■ 117,087 0,809,495 5,508, Tyy 1,796,213 235,382 10,982,132 4,528 411,488 677,386 1, 119,59** 25,668 580,464 693,684 1,175 65,407 276,610 124,411 104,591 48,576 316,403 249 2, .500 520,618 10,990 1,000 150,000 • • • 1,095,339 7,738,084 1,565,4 71 1,795,509 1,174,602 8,534,172 2,661 6,691,884 46,731,973 29,573,338 10 977,120 8,437,107 51,224,283 33,055 Total move ,ment v. !0, 741,851 buf >hels. Total movement 137.772.44 Received a b Montreal.. 1 6,575,765 or 1 3i per cent. Received a( Montreal.. 18,041,83 (52 8!» 03 40 03* 27 20 Erports of Fhnr and Gram from the untfrrDientioned ports durhujihe year 1802. PORTS. Exporl-i from New york " '• PhilHdelphiii " '* Ualtimoic " " BoHton " '■ Montreal. By Bt. Lawrence via Portlautl. . , . " '< Quebec Total from tho aljovo ports. Floni; barruld. 2,961,518 4G4,200 3G1,158 4l>8,185 597,477 62.955 Wheat, burthelB. 25,564,755 1.067,673 '515,281 45,544 6,500,796 97,966 4,945,583 34,692,005 OftUig 205,040 bnshels weio exports from Montreal via Boston. Corn, biuliclt. bushels found their way last year by Collingwood to Lake Ontario. Another stream of 298,698 bushels diverged at Goderich and one of 1,335,721 bushels at Sarnia. Tlie main current, con- * 111 tlio lollowing cakuliiiion.^, barnls of flour are reduced to Lusbols of wlieivt l>y the tisuiil tiiulo vulo of multi[)lyiii'/ liy five. " Other graiu " iucluilc.i reus, &e, " Coru " luouus Imliau coru. 72 tiiiuing its majestic ilow, receives the chief contribution of Michigan at Detroit, and of Indiana and parts of other states at Toledo, and in Lake Erie reaches its grandest develop- ment, representing, according to the most careful calcula- tions, no less than 107,091,145 bushels. A branch is given off at Dunkirk, vhero, last season, 5,748,713 bushels were received, and an important bifurcation occurs near tho foot of tho Lake, the principal portion ; viz, 72,801,188 bushels, going via Buffalo, and 29,138,211 bushels passing over tho Welland peninsula to Lake Ontario, of which 24,571,631 went by canal and 4,5G0,G10 by railway. Of the Buffalo branch, by far the greater portion ; viz, 55,G9G,- 3G2 bushels goes Eastward by tho Erie Canal, (tho rest entering into consumption or going Eastward by rail,) and of tho "VVelland branch tho greater portion seeks tho same outlet, via Oswego, whence 18,155,927 bushels were forwarded towards Syracuse. Tho fact thus becomes painfully evident that, in spite of our magniHccut canals, on which the smallest locks arc 9 f'oct in depth, 20^ feet in width, and 150 feet in length * with an unfailing supply of water and many other advantages, tho Erie canal, 3G0 miles long, less than six feet in depth, with 71 locks of 110 feet in length by 18 in breadth, practically monopolizes the Western Trade. This fact is proved by tho Table of Grain Receipts for tho past seven years (which will be found in the appendix) wlioso admirable form was suggested by Denis Donohoc, Esq, • Dimensions of the St. Lawhench and Welland Casal Lockh, St. Lawrence Canal Locks are 200 feet lonjj between tho gates 'iS •' in width and " on sills and can pass vessels 18(> foot long 44 J broad and D " deep. WoUand Canal Locks are 150 feot long between the K^'tes 2iU " wide find 10 '• on .sills and can pass vessels 142 •• long •J'j " broad and 10 '-deei'. • 73 llcr Britannic Mnjesty'ri Consul at Buliiilo, whoso figures I have been able to verify, and in some unimportant instances to correct, by the kindness of the United States Oollectoi's of Customs at most of the points men- tioned. To make the Table as complete as possible, the receipts at the termini of the two chief inland railways of the States are added. It clearly shews that in no ono year since 1856 has Montreal received more than 13^ per cent of the total Eastward movements from the Lake Regions (which include Canada) and of these receipts the greater part was of Canadian grain and flour, which could hardly go elsewhere. Having followed the Trade in grain thus far, and illus- trated what may bo called the statistics of production, let us now investigate those of consumption. The Eastern States produce but little w^heat, the census of ISGO giving tho following figures :— New England States Maine New Hampshire.. Vermont Massachusetts .... ]ihode Island Connecticut Total A. opulation. jBus. of wheat grown 028,279 326,073 ;u;i,098 1,231,006 174,620 460,147 233,877 238,966 431,127 119,783 1,131 52,401 1,077,285 ,. ! 3,135,283 Tlic consumption must evidently be much in excess of this. Lower Canada is in a somewliat similar position, for by tho census of 1861 it contained 1,111,566 people and produced but 2,563,114 busliels of wheat. It is difficult to estimate correctly the (piantity of flour .in individual uses when thcrcj is i)lcnty of food of every other kind around him, 'but I .suppose I shall be far under the mark, if I say evcrv man, woman and child consumes a barrel of Hour per annum. This ostinuitc would indicate a deficiency in 74 New England in 1859-GO of 2,919,844 barrols or 14,599,220 bushels, and in Lower Canada in IBGO-Gl of 598,944 bar- rels or 2,994,720 bushels. Tliese calculations are sonnowhat random, since the harvests in these yeara may or may not be considered average ones, but as we have not, (what we should have) annual statistics, wo must be content with them ; they certainly account for a very considerable quantity of the grain received. The exports however dispose of the chief, portion of the enormous supply in question. The map shews the way in which about 80,000,000 bushels found their way abroad, and I repeat the figures in a table at the end of the paper. The greater portion of these exports went to Europe, but no inconsiderable quantity, probably 3 to 4,000,000 bushels, was for the supply of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and the other maritime Provinces of British North America. I ap- pend a table c^jwing the imports of grain into Great Britain last year, by .trhich it will be seen that about half the supply of the mother country came from her descended nation and colonies on this continent. I conclude this portion of my ])apor by adverting to the fact that the shipments from the Upper Lake ports do not exactly agree witli the receipts at the places where the Trade must and docs pass, and that there are similar discrepancies in all the other figures. They are however comparatively trifling, and a closer correspondence was perhaps not to be expected from statistics gathered in difFcrcnt places, from the statements of dllFcrent persons, made under diilcrcnt conditions. io'/iti i,o'/(^S !