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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 U3 < y z fi: 1 SQ 1 ^ ^ 2 llili ^1 ^ O lwu\ k?5 p 3 ^ COL] ^ y a 2 .J 3 'i a ^ y. y. X § H O O ■^.^ .f*"*'!! THE CANADIAN PACIFIC / / / .w RAILWAY. MONTREAL 1887. '"^Soi':x le^n Cx/ 2JF -1 CANADIAN I'AtlllC l.AKK STKAMEK: OWKX SOUND AND I'OliT AIMIICK. J: f HE- ©AN/IDIAN iACIFIC IAILWAY. RAILWAY from the Atlantic to the Pacific, ull the way on British soil, was long the dream of a few in Canada. This dream of the few became, in time, the hope of the many, and on the confederation of the British ";> North American provinces, in 1867, its rcaliiation was found to he a political necessity. Then the GovernPient of the new Dominion of Canada set about the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway, a work of such vast proportions that the richest empire of Europe might well have hesitated before entering upon it. Much of the country through Avhich the Railway nmst be built was unexplored. Towards the east, all about Lake Superior, and beyond to tk^ Red tiver, was a vast rocky region, where nature in her younger days had mn riot, and Avhere deep lakes and mighty rivers in every direction opposed the l)rogress of the engineer. Beyond iherBed river for a thousand miles stretched a great plain, known only to the wild Indian and the fur trader ; then came the mountains, range after range, in close succession, and all unexplored. Through all this, for a distance of nearly three thousand miles, the railway surveys had first to be made. These consumed much time and money ; people became impatient and found fault and doubted. There were differences of opinion, and these differences became questions of domestic politics dividing parties, and it Avas not until 1875* that the work of construction commenced in earnest. But the machinery of government isnll adapte4, at best J to the carrying on of such an enterprise, and in this case it was blocked or retarded by political jealousies and party strife. Governments changed and delays oecuiTed, until finally, in 1880, it was decided almost by common consent to surrender the work to a private comijanj-. The explorations and surveys for the railway' had made known the character of the country it was to traverse. In the wilderness east, north/ and west of Lake Superior, forests of pine and other timber, and mineral deposits of incalculable value, were found, and millions of acres of agricultural land as well. The vast prairie district between Winnipeg and the Rocky ^rfy^i'fS THE CANADIAM PACIFIC KAII-WAY. / H ■■!i(l^'!'^ ~^ ,^.=!'^-' ■;:;:,;U;,.;ji ,Jj^■^:;i^..;i,,/ ;,...!.; i-lj;^i^|ij|jpiij|^|:''. '!- ,-it^-.L. ..■ ^ ^-^-..^-^.-.A^. TIIE CANADIAN PACIFIC lUILWAY. H H o 3 H •J a ^ iVronntains proved to be woiulorfully rich in its ngricultural resources. Towards the inountnins groat coal fields were discovered, and British Columhia, bevond, was known to contain almost cvcrv element of traflic and Avcalth. Thousands of people had settled on the prairies of the Northwest and their success had brought tens of thousands more. The political reasons for building the railway were lost sight of and commercial reasons took their jdaco, and there was no difficulty in finding a party of capitalists ready and willing to relieve the government of the work and carry it on as a commercial enterprise. The Canadian Pacitic Railway Company was organized early in I'^Hl, and immediately entered into a contract with the government to complete the lino within ten years. The railway system of Eastern Canada had already advanced far up the Ottawa valley, attracted mainly l)y the rapidly growing traffic/ from the pine i-vi forests, and it was from a point of conne(i^on with this system that the Canadian Pacific Railway had to be carried through to the Pacific coast, a distance of two thousand five hundred and fifty miles. Of this, the government had under construction one section of four hundred and twenty-five miles between Lake Superior and Winnipeg, and another of two hundred and thirteen miles from Buri'ard inlet, on the Pacific coast, eastward to Kamloops lake in British Colund)ia. The company undertook the liuilding of the remaining nineteen hundred and twenty miles, and for this it Avas to receive from the government a number of valuable privileges and immunities, and twenty-five million dollars in money and twentj'-five million acres of agricultural land. The two sections of the railway already under construction Avere to be finished by the goA'crnment, and, together Avith a l)ranch line of sixty-five miles already in operation from AVinnipcg soutliAvard to the ttttesnuti^MUtl- boundarAV, Avere to be giA'cn to the company, in addition to its subsidies in money and lands ; and the entire railway when conii)leted was to remain the property of the company. With these liberal subventions the company set about its task most vigorously. While the engineers Avere exploring the more difficult and less knoAvn section from the OttaAva river to and around Lake Superior, and marking out a line for the navvies, Avork Avas commenced at Winnipeg and pushed Avestward across the prairies, Avhere one hundred and sixty miles of the railway Avcre completed before the end of the first j^ear. During the second year the rails advanced four hundred and fifty miles. The end of the third year found them at the summit of the Rocky ^Mountains, and the fourth in the Selkirks, nearly a thousand and fifty miles from Winnipeg. While such rapid progress Avas being made Avest of Winnipeg, the rails an- "^ / s 8 THE CANADIAN l'A(;iFI(' KAIhWAY. / / THE CANADIAN I'ACIFIC UAILWAY. 9 ■/'. y. c 23 j,CJ r/ advancing at an iivcmgo rate of nioro than three miles each working (hiy, for months in succeH.sion, and frequently rff"r''ii"g five and oven six miles in a day, armies of men with all modern iipplianeos and thousands of tons of dynamite were breaking down the harriers of hard and tough Ijaurentiaa and Iluronian roi'ks, and pushing the line through the forests north and east of Lake Supe- rior with such energy that eastern Canada and tho Canadian Northwest wore united by a contiimous railway early in IHH.'i. The govenunent section from the Pacific coast eastward had meanwhile I'oachcd Kamloops lake, and there the company took up tho work and carried it on to a connet^on with the liiu; advancing westward across tho Kockies and tho Selkirks. The forces working towards each other met in Eagle pass, in tho Gold or Columbia range of monntiiiiis, and there, on a wet morning, the 7th day of November, 1885, tho last rail was lai(l/in the main line of tho Canadian PaciHc liuilway. ^ «.-(• (!>c«'«^-' The energies of the company had not been confined to tho mere fulfilment of its contract with tho govenunent. !Much more was done in order that tho railway might fidly serve its puqiose as a conunercial enterprise. Independent connections with the Atlantic seaboard were secured by tho purchase of linos leading eastward to Montreal and Quebec, branch-lines to tho chief centres of trade in eastern Canada were provided by purchase and construction, to collect and distribute the traffic of the main line; and other branch-lines were built in the Northwest for tho di^volopment of the great prairies. The close of 1885 found the company, not yet five years old, in possession of no less than 4,315 miK's of railway, including the longest continuous line in the world, extending from (Quebec and jMontreal all the way across tho conti- nent to the Pacific ocean, a distance of three thousand and fifty miles ; and by the midsummer of 188G all this vast system was fully e(|uipped and fairly working throughout . ^'illages and towns and oven cities* followed close upon tho heels of the line-builders ; the forests w(!ro cleared away, the prairie's soil was turned over, mines wen; opened, and even before tlie hist rail Avas in place tho completed sections Mere carrying a large and profitable traffic. The touch of this young (Jiant of tho North was felt uj)on tho world's commerce almost l)e- fore his existence was known ; and, not content with the trade of the golden shores of the Pacific from California to >Vlaska, his arms have already stretched out across that broad ocean and grasped the teas and silks of China and Japan to exchange them for the fiibrics of Europe. With just pride in her work, the greatest perhajis that has ever been accomplished by human hands, Canada presents it to tho Empire as her coutri- v/ '■"\ I ^c Lc ; / ^) 10 t|! TIIR CANADIAN rACIFIC HAILWAV. II •r p 5 TIIK CAXAmAN PACIFIC IIAII.WAV. u Inition to its power and unity, — ii new hio ■•^ no hardships to endure, no difficulties to overcome, and no dangers or annoyances whatever. You shall see mighty rivers, vast forests, l)oundles8 plains, stupendous mountains and wonders innumcrahle ; and you shall see all in comfort, nay, in luxury. If you arc a jaded tourist, sick of Old World scenes and smells, you will find everything hero fresh and novel. If you are a sportsiiian, you will meet with unlimited opportiuiitics and endles. variety, and no one shall deny your right to hunt or fish at your own sweet will. If you are n mountain climher, you shall have clifl's and peaks and glaciers worthy of your alpenstock, and if you have lived in India, and tiger hunting has lost its zest, a Rocky iSIountain grizzly hear will renew your interest in life. We may choose between a ^Montreal and a New York steamshii). The former will take us directly up the noble St. Lawrence River to the old and picturesque city of Quebec, the " Gibraltar of America" and the most interest- ing of all the cities of the New World. Its quaint buildings, crowding along the water's edge and perching on the mountain-side, its massive walls and bat- tlements rising tier upon tier to the famous citadel, crowning the mountain-top and dominating the magnificent landscape for many miles around, plainly tell of a place and a people with a history. All about this ancient stronghold, first of the French and then of the English, every height and hillside has been the scene of desperately fought mttlcs. Here the French made their last fight for empire in America, in the memorable battle in M'hich Wolfe and Montcalm fell. Rut peace has prevailed for man}' years ; the fortifications are giving place to warehouses, manufactories, hotels and universitries, and the great new docks of massive masonry indicate that Queliec is about to reenter the contest with ^Montreal for commercial supremacy in Canada. Here we find the esisternmost extension of the Canadian Pacific Railway and one of its trains will take us in a few hours along the north bank of the ■I r 19 THK CANADIAN PACIFIC KAILWAT. JSti. 4r fi if ,i1 iii "Sf. \ ngi^th THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. 13 \ St. Lawrence ti^R, through a well-tilled country and a chain of quaint French towns and villages, to Montreal, the commercial capital of the Dominion. Had wo chosen a New York steamship our route would have brought us from the American metropolis northward by railway along the banks of the far-famed Hudson river to All)any, and thence through Saratoga and along the shores of LakcfChamplain to ^fontroal, — a day or a night from New York. Here in ^Montreal, a hundred years before the British conquest of Canada, the French bartered with the Indians, and from here their hardy soldiers, priests, traders and voyageurs, explored the vast wilderness beyond, building forts, establishing missions and trading-posts, and planting settlements on all wf" the great rivers and lakes. From here, until long after the British occupation, the wants of the Indians were supplied in exchange for furs and peltries, and in this trade Montreal grew rich and important. But finally a change came. The appearance of steam navigation in the inland waters accelerated the settlement of the fertile country jj*" the Avest, towns and cities sprang up about the old outposts of the missionaries and fur- traders, the Indians receded and disappeared, and agricultural products took the place of furs in the commerce of Montreal. Then came the railways pene- trating the interior in every direction, bringing/ greater changes and giving a S wonderful impetus to the western country, and ^lontreal grew apace. And now we find it rising from the broad St. Lawrence to the slopes of j^Iount Ro^al, and looking out over a densely peopled country dotted Avith bright and charming villages, — a large and beautiful city, half French, half English, half ancient, half modern ; with countless churches, imposing public buildings, mag- nificent hotels, and tasteful and costly residences ; Avith long lines of massive warehouses, immense grain elevators and many-windowed factories ; and with miles of docks crowded with shipping of all descriptions, from the smallest river craft to the larjrest ocean a'csscIs. (y WHICHEVER Avay avo came, ^loutrcal should be regarded as the i«itiftl point of our transcontinental journey, for it is the principal castei'u terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and it is the terminus not - ;> only of the main line, but of numerous other lines built and acquired by the comi)any to gather up and distribute its traffic. From here for a thousand miles Ave have the choice of two routes. Wo may go through the farms and orchards of Ontario to Toronto, the second city in importance JH Canada, much j'ounger than Montreal, but closely following in the extent ^ ^ -fci Lie/ 14 THK CANADIAN PACIFIC KAILWAY. 1,- 1 • ■■;•'. . •■J - .» . ' - .V|^ ^^""" " aaa^ ' ' ^^— HHBI ■■ 1 fe ■* # ||BHie',.^kiC.'' f^b ^ • 1 & .1 ^^^K" £ *:p ■ f^Jf^ ^ |B k i^^ »o99i 'jBLvJjC .«£%,«■? ' ^ m" ' ' THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. 15 of its trade and industries, and hoping soon to surpass its older rival in both, — a modern and handsomely built city -where the solidity and culture of the older cast is combined with the brightness and eager activity of the newer west. Here -; at Montreal, many railway lines reach out, and on all sides may be seen tlic evidences of extensive commerce and great prosperity. From here we may in a few hours visit Niagara, and then, resuming our westward journey by one of the Canadian Pacific lines, four hours will bring us to Owen Sound on Georgian Jiay, whence one of the trim Cl^'de/built steel steamships of the i-ailway company will take us in less than two days across Lalve Huron through the straits of Sault Ste Marie, where we will be lifted by enormous locks to the level of Lake Superior, and then aci'oss this greatest of fresh-water seasy to Port Arthur, on Thunder bay, where the western section of the Canadian Pacific Railwav begins. But you are impatient to see the mountains, and if you will permit me to choose, dear reader, we will start from Montreal by the main line of the rail- way, and in order that we may miss nothing we will return by the great lakes, and see Toronto and the Falls of Niagai'a then. Altliough the locomotive is hissing, as if impatient for the signal to go, we have yet a few minutes to spare, and if it is agreeable to you, we will look over the train which is to carry us to the Pacific. Next to the engine we find a long> van, in which a number of clerks are busily sorting letters and stowing away mail-sacks, then an express/varv(and then another/ laden with luggage. Follow- injr them arc tw 1 an express/varvCar I'O or three brijjht a nd cheerful colonist-coaches, with seats which t ,(-may be ti'ansformed into fbunks at night, and with all sorts of novel contriv- ances for the comfort of the hardy and good-looking emigrants Avho have already secured their places for the long journey to the pi'airies of the North- west or the valleys of British Columbia. Next we find two or three hand- somely fitted coaches for passengers making short trips along the line, and finally come the sleeping/cars or " Pullmans" in one of which we are to live for some days and nights. The railway carriages to which you are accustomed are dwarfed to meet Old AVorld conditions, but thrfse in our train seem to be pro- portioned to the length and ])reudth of the land. Our sleeping-car is unlike the "Pullmans" you have seen in England, being nuich larger and far more luxu- rious. With its soft and rich cushions, silken curtains, thick carpets, delicate carvings and l)eautiful decorations, and with its numlierless i*«IAN I'ACIFIC UAILWAY. 17 plethoric gmin-elevntor.s, run along n tcrruee above the /wharvciS, pass the railway worksliops/and an exten.sive cattle depot, and leave tlio city l)ehind. For a time we are still among the old French settlements, as is evidenced by the pretty cottages and thcj(^ narrow/ well-tilled farms. There is an air of thrift and comfort everywhere. We have hills and distant mountains on the one hand and the broad and lieautiful Ottawa riv^r on tht» other. Villages arc passed in close succession, and won wc arc nearing Ottawa, the capital of the Dominion. High up there, on a bold clitt' overlooking the river, are the government puild- ings/and the Parliament House »,f the Dominion, with their Gothic towers and many piiuiacles, making a magnificentygroup. Awa}' to the left is Ilideau Hall, the residence of the Governor General, and stretching far over the heights beyond is the city. On the broad tlats below ai'e acres, perhaps miles, of great square piles of deals, and the cloud that rises beyond comes from the Chaudi^re falls, where the whole volume of the Ottawa river "takes a tumble," and is made to furnish power to a host of saw-mills and manufactories. It is no wonder that you have been so absorbed in the wide stretches of the Ottawa river, since we left the Capital behind, that you have quite forgotten it is lunch-time. That white-aproned, white-jacketed/'boy will bring you sand- wiches, coffee, claret and what »ot. A^^riv uryix / We are beyond the Fi-ench country now ; the farms are larger and the modest cottages have given place to farm-houses, many of them of brick and stone and all having a well-to-do air about them. The towns are larger, there are more manufactories and there is more hurry and more noise. At frequent intervals on the river bank are great saw-mills, surrounded by vast piles of lumber. The logs are floated down from the forests on the Ottawa river and its tributaries, and the product is shipped io Europe, to the United States And ever^' where. >* "' Gradually the towns become smaller and the farms more scattered ; the val- ley contracts and deepens, and we are in the new country. We leave the Ottawa river, and strike across towanls Lake Superior. We are surprised at the thriv- ing villages that have already sprung up here and tliore, and at the number of hardy i)ioneers who are clearing away the timlier and making homes for them- X selves;' At intervals of four or five hours we come to the railway Divisional Stations, where there are workshops, engine-sheds, and quite a collection of neat cottages. At these places we change engines and then move on. It is a long way from the Ottawa to Lake Superior, but the ever-recurriugi rocky^ I)ine-clad hills, i)retty lakes, dark forests, glistening streams and cascades, keep ^i.(/-^f' >: 7 / ih 18 THK CANADIAN I'ACIKIC RAILWAY, I r iiiiiik TilK CANADIAN VACIFIC ItAlLWAY, 19 as D H X o 04 our interest alive. "We are alert for the sight of a bear, a moose or a deer, and we do nrt heed the time. Our only regret is that we cannot stop fov even a.i hour to cast a fly in one of the many tempting pools. A dining-car is attached to our train, — a marvel of comfort and convenience, — and we experience u new u!\d delightful sensation in l)reakfasting and dining at our ease and in luxury, as we fly along through such wonderful scenery. At Sudbury, a new-looking town planted in the forest, we And a branch- line of railway leading ofl' towards the straits of Sault Ste Marie, where it is soon to connect with two or three American lines extending to Duluth, St^ Paul and Minneapolis, and ))eyond ; and here at Sudbury we see long lines of cars laden with copper ore from the deposits near by, which contain hundreds of millions of tons, and observe furnaces building, which are soon to smelt the copper htiv^ We move on through never-ending hills, meadows, forests and lakes, and now, the second morning from ^Montreal, we catch glimpses of Lake Superior away to our left, and soon we arc running along its precipitous shore. On our right are tree-clad mountains, and there are rocks in i)lenty all al)()ut. For jnany hours we look out upon the lake, its face Just now still and smooth, and dotted here and there with sails or streaked with the black .smoke of a steamer. At times we are back from the lake a mile or more, jmuI high above it ; again we are running along the clifl's on the shore as low down as the engineer dared venture. Hour after hour we glidt? through tunnels and deep rock-cuttings, over innnense embankments, bridges and viaducts, every- where impressed by the extraordinary difliculties that had to be overcome by the men who built the line. "We cross the Nepigon river, famed for its five-pound trout, )'un down the shore of Thunder )4ay and stop at the station at Port Arthur, a thousand miles from Montreal. This place and Fort William, at the mouth of the Kaministi- quia river, a short distance further down the bay, constitute together the lake terminus of tiie western section of the railway. On the May hither we have met numerous long trains laden with grain and flour, cattle and other freight, but we have not until now begun to realise the magnitude of the traffic of the Northwe.-^t. Here on every side we see the evi- dences of it. Long piers and wharves crowded with shipping, great piles of lumber, coal and merchandise, with the railway grain-elevators looming above all. One of these elevator*, at Fort William is a monster, holding twelve hun- dred thousand bushels. And everytliingt'new, — the creation of a vcar I The scenery here is more diversified and beautiful than any we have yet seen. The wide emerald-green waters of Thunder \)ay are Inclosed by ?) \ 90 TIIK CANADIAN I'ACIKIC HAILWAV 1 I ! :r !■! 1 '''iih THK CANAinAX I'ACIFIC KAILWAY. SI ubrupt l)liu'k-iuul-i)uri)l(' Itasaltic clitls on the one side, and by liills rising roll iqu)!! roll on the other. Hero the Kaininisticjuia river, broad, deep and placid, (•merges from a dark forest and joins the waters of Lake Snperior, giving little token that but a few miles back it has made a wild jdunge from a height ex- ceeding that of Niagara itself. Our train is increased to provide for the passen- gers who have come up by steamer and joined us here, and by a goodly lunuber of pleasure seekers who have been fishing and hunting in the vicinity for u week or two, and who, like ourselves, are bent on seeing the great mountains far to the west. AVe leave the lake and again move westward, and for a night and part of the following day wo are in a wild, strange country. The rivers seem all i'l a luirry and wo arc seldom out of sight of dancing rapids or foam- ing cataracts. The deep, rock-bound lakes grow larger as we move Avestward. Fires have swept through the woods in places and the blackened stumi)s and the/ dead trees, with their naked branches stretched out against the sky, are weird and ghost-like as we glide through them in the moonlight. It was through thi.> rough and broken country, for a distance of more than four hun- dred miles, that "Wolseley successfully led his army in 1870 to suppress a rel)ellion of the half-breeds on Ked ^iver, and some of his abandoned boats are yet to be seen from the railway'. But wild and rough as it is this country is fidl of natural wealth. Valua- ble minerals and precious metals abound, and from here, mainly, is pr6cured. the timber to supply the prairies IteA^ond. As we draw nearer to the prairies, great saw-mills ])egin to appear, with piles of lumber awaiting shipment ; and at all the stations are large accunmlations of timber to be moved westward, — firewood, fence-posts, and beams and blocks for all purposes. ]\Iany men find employment in these forests, and villages are growing up at intervals. And, strange as it may seem, hardy settlers are clearing the land and making farms in this wilderness ; but tiiesc are eastern Canadians who were l)orn in the woods, and Avho despise the cheap/ read^'-made farms of the prairies. AVe suddenly emerge from among the trees and enter the wide, level valley :j of Red ^iver, and in a little while we cross the river on a long iron bridge, ( catch a glimpse of many strange looking steamboats, and enter the magic city of "Winnipeg. It will be well worth your while to stop here for a day. Notwithstanding all you have been told al)out it, you can hardh' bo prepared to find the frontier trading-post of yesterday transformed into a city of thirty thousand inhabi- tants, with miles of imposing structures, hotels, stores, l)anks and theatres, with beautiful churches, schools and colleges, with tasteful and even splendid r; if k > ■ •>i !'!i!l! ; TIIK CANADIAN I'Af'IKIC IIAIKWAV. mmr^mmtn ^sms m =,^m TIIK CANADIAN I'ACIIIC UAILWAV. sa residences, Avith imiiicnso mills and many manufactories, with a far-reaeliin^ trade, and with all the evidenees of wealth, comfort and cultivation to he found in cities of ji century's <;rowth. AVliile you will find in Winnipeg the key to mucli that you will see beyond, you must look heyond for the key to much you will sec; in AViimipe;^. Situated just where the forcscs end, and the vast prairies begin, with thousands of miles of river-nuvigation to the north, south and west, and with railways radiating in every direction likoAipokcs ^a wheel, Winnipeg has become, what it nuist always be, the commercial focus of the Canadian Northwest. Looking at tliese long lin«'s of warehouses, tilled with goods, and these twenty miles or more of railway t*»t«ks all crowded with cars, you begin to reali^it the vastness of the country we are about to enter. From here the wants of the people in the west are supplied, and this way come the products of their (ields, while from tlie f;ir nortly are brought furs in great variety and number. 2 ND now for the last stage of or.r Journey. The beautiful sleeping-car in whii;h we came up from ]NIontreali kept on its way westward whilst we were "doing" Winnipeg, but we find another awaiting us, differing from ^^ the (irst onl}' in name. Looking through the train, we find but few of our fellow-passengers of yesterday. Nearly everybody stops at Winniptjg for a longer or shorter time, some to remain permanently, others to visit the land offices of the government or of the Kailway Company ; others to purchase sup- plies or materials for their new prairie homes ; and still others only to see the town, as we have done. We find among the new passengers^ representatives of all grades of society, gentlemen travelling for pleasure, sportsmen, merchants and commercial travellers, high-born young men seeking fortunes in large farms or in ranching, sturdy English, Scotch, German and Scandinavian immigrants, land- hunters in plenty, with pockets stuffed with maps and with pamphlets full of land lore, gold and silver miners for the mountains, coal miners for the Saskat- chewan country, and professional men of all descriptions. There is not a sorrowful visage in the party ; every face wears a bright and expectant look, and the wonderfully clear sky and the l)rilliant sunshine add to the cheerful- ness of the scene. The Rocky ^Mountains are yet nearly a thousand miles away. A few short years ago this was a six weeks' journey, under the most favorable circum- stances, and it was counted a good trip when the old time ox-trains, carrying :? I TIIK ("ANAIHAN PACIFIC 1!AII.« AV, * ^'1 ':liil| TIIK CANAIMAX I'ACinC UAILWAV, M X o goodH mid Kii))|)li(>H to \\w distant trii(liii^-|Mi.sts, i-«>iu-lifd tlir iiioiintniiin in tlircn niotitlis ; Itiit our Htiifrcs will 1m« iiiiinlM'n'd l»y hours InHtctid of days. L<»avin;; WiniiiiK'j;, we a\'\\w. out at oiico upon a hroad plain as level and gro(>n as a l»illiard lalilo, oxtcndiiig t(» the; north and west apparently M'ithout limit, and honlered at the south l»y a line ot' trees niarkinir the course of the Assiniltoin*' river. This is not yet the prairie, hut a jrreat widening; of the valh'vs of the l{ed and Assinihoine rivers, which unite at WiiMiipc<^. To the left, and skirting the river, is n continuous lino of well-tilled farms, with comfoilalilc farm-houses peerinj; out from among the trees. To the rigiit is a vast meadow, with countless cattlo half-hidden in the grass. The railway stretches away l)eforc us/without a curve or deflection as far as the eye can reach, and the motion ;)f the train is hardly felt as we fly along. :rx (iUAIN KI.KVATOUS AM) Mil. I., I'( )1! rA(ii: l.A ritAIKIi:, MANITOIIA. As we i>roceed westward, we imperceptibly reach higher ground, and the country is checkered with fields of grain, and dotted far into the distance with farm-houses and grain-stacks. Fifty-five miles from Winnipeg we rejich Portage la Prairie, another city of a day's growth, and the centre of a well-develo|)ed and prosperous farming region. Its big grain elevators and llourifi|f mills, its busy streets and sub- .stantial houses tell their own story. From here a new railway reaches away two hundred miles to the northwest, making r.iore lands accessible (if more be needed), bringing down grain and cattle, and )>efore long to bring salt and petroleum us well. \ I .fC t !/.' / f.-y 1 ■C'*-i -I ,,','*.'"'^ ^ M! ^ 26 TlIK (-'AXAUIAN PACIFIC UAILWAY, Crossing ji low range of sand-liill.s, marking the shore of au ancient lake, wo pass through a l)oautifully undulating country / fertile and well-settled, as the busy little towns and the over-present grain elevators hear evidence. One hundred and thirty miles from "Winnipeg we cross the Assiniboine river, and reach Brandon, next to AVinnipegythe largest town in the Canadian Northwest, a city j in fact, although but tive years old, with handsome build- ings, well-made streets, and an unusual number of large grain elevators and mills. Leaving Brandon we have fairly reached the first of the great prairie steppes, that vise one after the other at long intervals to the TJoeky ^fountains ; WILD GEESE. and now we are on (he real prairie, not the monotonous, uninteresting plain your imagination has pictured, but a great billowy ocean of grass and flowers, now sAolling into low hills, again dropping into broad basins Avith gleaming pond?., and l)roken here and there l)y valleys and by irregular linos of trees marlcing the wator-coiu'ses. The horizon only limits the view ; and, as fur as the eye can reach, the prairie is dotted with newly-made farms, with great black squares where the sod has just l)een turned l)y (he plough, and with herds of cattle. The short, sweet grass, studded with brilliant flowers, covers the land as with a carpet, ever changing m colol* as the flowers of tlie difl'erent seasons and i)laces give to it their predominating hue. THIC CANAIMAV PACIFIC UAILWAV. ent lake, wo ttled, as tho 'Vssiniboino 10 Canadian some Iniild- 'vators and ciit prairie ^rountains ; ^ 27 The doepiblack soil of the valley wo left in the morningj has given place to a soil of lighter color, over-lying a porous clay, less inviting to the inexperienced agriculturist, but^ neverthelcssy of the very highest value, for here is produced, in tho greatest perfection, the most famous of all varieties of Avheat — that known as the "Hard F3'fe wheat of Manitoba" — and oats as well, and rye, .l)arley, and flax, and gigantic potatoes, and almost every- thing that can be grown in a temperate climate. All these flourish here with- out appreciable drain upon the soil. Once here, the English farmer soon for- gets all about fertilia^ers. Ilis children may have to look to such things, but ho will not. •'•/ We pass station after station, nearly all alike, except as to tlie size of the i (:' wl e-v, A rHAiaiK STATION. villages surrounding them, some of Avhich arc of considerable importance. The railway buildings at these stations are uniform, and consist of an attractive station-house for passengers and goods, a great round water-tank, cottages for the trackmen,' and the never-ending grain elevators — tall^ solid structures, always telling the same story. Every minute or two, we see coveys of ''prairie chickens" (pinnated grouse) rising from the grass, startled l)y the passiug train. Ducks of many kinds are seen al)out the frequent ponds, together with wild geese and cranes, and occasionally great white pelicans. The sportsmen have nearly all dropped ofl' at the diflerent stations. Those who remaui are after larger game farther west, — antelope or caribou. Three hundred miles from V'innipeg, w«! pass through the famous i}<'ll farm, embracnig one hundred s(juar(! miles of land. This is a verital)le manu- \ / / I. \ ZO TlIK CANADIAN' I'ACIKK; liAlLWAV. liK'toiy of wheat, whore the work is done with an ahnost military organization, plouirhing by brigades and reaping by divisions. Thinlc of a farm where the furrows are ordinarily four miles long, and of a country where such a thing is possible ! There arc neat stone cottages and ample barns for miles around, and the collection of buildings about the ]iead(juarters near the railway statioii^ makes a respectable village, there being among them a church, a hotel, a flour- mill and, of coui'se, a grain elevator, for in this country these elevators appear wherever there is wheat to be handled or stored. Soon we reach Regina, the capital of the Piovince of Assiniboia, sit- uated in the centre of an apparently boundh>ss, l)ut very fertile plain. The buildings li^-re have more of a frontier look than those of the larger towns Ave have left behind; but it is a busy place, an important centre of trade, and one of the cities of the future. From here a railway branches off to the north, and is pushing jiway towards Battleford and Edmonton. As we leave the station going westward, we see on our right the governor's residence, and a little beyond, the headijuarters of the Northwest mounted police, a body of men of whom Canada is justly proud. This organization is composed of young and picked men, thoroughly drilled, and governed by the strictest military dis- cipline. Their tirm and considerate ride won the respect and obedience of the Indians long before tiie advent of the railway, and its coming was attended with none of the lawlessness and !i*l^3a^' violence Avhicli have darkly marked the opening ufJ' of new districts elsewhere in America, so wholesome was the fame of tliese red-coated guardians of the wide prairies. ^ "WH THE CANADIAN PACIFIC UAILW \V 80 »i-gauization, m Avh,.i-o tlio <•'' H lllilly. Tlio Indians are represented on tiie station platform In' braves of high and low degree. laws and papooses, mostly bent on trading pipes and trinkets for tobaci l silver; a picturesque looking lot, but dirty withal. Leaving the station we catch sight of their encampment a mile or so away, tall, conical "tepees" of well-smoked clotlis or skins; Indians in blankets of brilliant colors ; hundreds of ponies feeding in the rich grasses ; a line of graceful trees in the l)ack ground, seemingly more beautiful than ever because of their rarity ; — all making, with the dark Cypress Hills rising in the distance, a picture most novel and striking. Two hours later we descend to the valley of the South Saskatchewan and soon arrive at Medicine Hat, a finely situated and rapidly growing town, a thousand miles from Lake Superior. Hereabouts are extensive coal mines from which came the coals we saw moving eastward on the railway ; and from near this place a railway extends to other coal mines more than a hundred miles to the southwest. The broad and beautiful Saskatchewan river affords steamboat navigation a long way above, and for a tliousand miles or more below ; and western enterprise has been quick to seize upon the advantages offered here. Crossing the river on a long iron bridge, Ave ascend airain to the high prairie, now a rich pasture dotted with lakelets. Everywhere the flower- sprinkled sward is marked by the dcep^ narrow trails of Ww buflalo, and the saucer-like hollows where the shaggy monsters used to wallow ; and strewing the plain in all directions are the whitened skulls of these noble animals now so nearly extinct. / There are farms around many of the little stations even so far west as this, and the herds of cattle grazing on the knolls indicate the "ranch country." As we approacn Crowfoot station all are alive for the first view of the Rocky ^Mountains, yet more than a hundred miles away ; and soon we see them, — a glorious line of snowy peaks rising straight from the plain and extending the whole length of the western horizon, seemingly an impenetrable barrier. As we speed on, peak rises behind peak, then dark bands of forest that reach up to the snow-line come into view ; the snow-fields and glai'iers glisten in the sunlight, and over the I'oUiiig tops of the foothills the passes are seen, cleft deep into the heart of the mountains. "We are now in the countrj- of the once dreaded IMackfeet, the most hnndsomo and warlike of all the Indian tribes, but now pcMicefully settled on .. reservation near by, ^\'e liave been running parallel to the tree-lined banks of the Bow river, and now, crossing its crvstal r.i H ^fa .\-\ m ! iifii 88 TIIK CANADIAN rAriKlf ItAlLWAV. St nl (Ml III 11 III THE CANADIAN' I'ACII'IC; ItAILWAY. 88 *' waters, wc find ourselves on a beautiful hill-girt plateau in the centre of wliich stands the new city of Calgary, at tlie liasc of the Rocky Mountains, 2,'2{\H miles from ^Montreal and 3,410 feet al)ovc the ocean. Before us, and on either side, the mountains rise in varied forms and in endless eliange of aspect, as the lights and shadows play ujjon them. IJchind us is tlu! great sea c/ open prairie. Xorthward is the wooded district of Edmonton and the North Sasl^atchewan, full of moose, elk, licnr, and all manner of fur-bearing animals and winged game. Southward, stretching away !.')() miles to the United States boundary, is Die /incli /mntry. You may be sure of a cordial welcome should you visit the ranchmen, and it will be worth your while to do so. - You will find them all along the foot- hills, their countless herds feeding far oui; on the i)lain. Cattle nu\ horses jrraze at will all over the country, sunnner and winter alike. The warm " Chinook " winds from across the mountains keep the ground free from snow in the winter, except for a da}- or two at a time, and the nutritious and naturally cured grasses are alwa^'s within reach of the cattle. In the spring and autumn all the ranchmen join in a "round up," to collect and sort out the animals according to the l)rands of the different owners ; and then the " cow-boy " appears in all his glory. To see these splendid riders "cutting out" or sepa- rating the animals from the common herd, lassoing and throwing them, that thev may be branded Avith the owner's mark, or herding a band of free-born and unbroken horses, is well worth coming all this way. The ranchmen, fine fellows from the best families in the East and in England, live here in a loi'dl}' way. ^\dmirable horsemen, Avith abundant leisure and unlimited opportunities for sport, their intense love for this country is no matter of wonder, nor is it surprising that every day brings more young men of the best class to join in this free and joyous life. All along the base of the mountains clear streams come down to the plain at frequent intervals ; coal crops out on the water-courses, and there is timber in i)lenty throughout the foothills. The soil is rich and deep, and the climate matchless. "What more can one desire? , Leaving Calgary and going westward again, the railway follows the Bow River pass for 120 miles, and all this distance between two grand lines of lofty mountains. At every turn of the valley, which is an alternation of precipitous gorges and wide parks, a new picture presents itself. The beau- tiful river now roars through a narrow defile, now spreads out into a placid lake, reflecting the forests, cliff's and snowy summits. Serrated peaks, and vast pyramids of rock with curiously contorted and folded strata, are followed v)vcrnment as a national park, and nuich has already been done to add to its natural l)eauty, or rather, to make its beauties accessible ; for in this supremely beautiful place, the hands of man can add but little. We are reminded by the increasing nearness of the fields of snow and ice on the moimtain-slopes that we are reaching a great elevation, and an hour from Banff our train stops at a little station, and we are told that this is the summit of the Eocky ^Mountains just a mile above the sea, but it is the summit only in an engineering sense, for the mountains still lift their white heads five thousand to seven thousand feet above us, and stretch away to the northwest and the southeast like a great back-bone, as indeed thev are — the "backbone of''" I- al> *<.-i f 4 the continent." Two little streams begin here almost from a conunon source/ The waters of one find their way down to the Saskatchewan and into Hudson's \\\\\ and llie other joins the Hood which tiie Columbia pours into the Pacific Ocean. • Passing llu'cc emerald lakes, dee[) set in the mountains, we follow the west-l)()un(l stream down through atortuous ro(k-ribI>ed canon, where flie waters are dashed to foam in incessant leaps and Avhirls. Tiiis is the Kickiiig-IIorse ]iass. Ten miles below the summit we round llie base of Mount Stephen, a stupendous mountain rising directly from tlu> railway to a height of more than eight thousand feet, Iiolding on one of its slutuhh'rs, and almost over oiu' lieads, a glacier whose shining green ice, iive hundred feet thick, is slowly crowded over a sheer precipice of dizzy height, and crushed to atoms below. From the 7- ,"> ^.f «•*• C y ) / .■^$,?^^'^" '""^^ ^ i! 36 'JIE CANAPIAX I'AriFK^ IJAIF.W AY. Tiir. iii;ai(t or tiik .shi.kikks, \ik\v nkaii oi.AriKit iiot'sK. i rtu * >iMij i^ i * ■ LMjiiL i am ' ^ Cf: THE CANADIAN PACIFIC UAIMVAY. 37 railway, dinging to the mountain side, we look down upon tlio river-valloy, which, Huddonly widening, \u?n\ holds In'twccn tlie dark pinc-i-lad mountains a mirror-like sheet of water, reflecting witli startling fidelity each peak and precipice. Still following the river, now ^lossing deep ravines, now |)iereing pro- jecting rocky spurs, now ([uietly gliding llirougii level i)ark-!ike expanses of greensward, with l»(!autiful trees, pretty lakelets and babliiing hrooks, we soon \ enter a freinendous gorge whose frowning walls, thousands of feet high, seem * to overhang the boiling stream which frets and roars at their base, and tliis we follow for miles, half shut in from the daylight. Two hours from the sununit and three Ihousand feet below it, the gorge suddenly expands, and we see before us high up against the sky a jagged line of snowy peaks of new forms and colors. A wide, deep, forest-covered valley intervenes, holding a broad and rapid river. This is the Columbia. TIh; new mountains before us are the Selkirks, and we have now crossed the Kockies. Sweeping round into the Cohunbia valley avc have a glorious mountain-view. To the north and south, as far as the eye can reach, we have the Kockies on the one hand and the Selkirks on the other, widely diflering in aspect, but each indescribably grand. Both rise from the river in a succession of tree-dad benches, and soon leaving the trees behind, shoot upwards to the regions of l)erpetual snow and ice. The railway turns down the Columbia, following one of the river-benches through gigantic trees for twenty miles ti Donald, where a number of our fellow passengers letive us. Some of them are miners or prospectors bound for the silver mines in the vicinity, or the gold "diggins" further down the river ; others are ambitious sportsmen who are seeking caribou or mountain sheep — the famous "big horns." The}' will not fail to run upon a bear now and then, black or cimiamon, and perchance a grizzly. Crossing the Columbia, and following it down through a great canon, through tuimels siud deei)/rock cuttings, we shortly enter the Beaver valley and commence the ascent of the Selkirks, and ihcii for twenty miles we climb along the mountain sides, tlirough dense lV)rests of enormous trees, until, near the sunniiit, we find oiu'sclves in the midst of a wonderful group of peaks of fantastic shapes and many coloVs. At the summit ' - itself, four thousand li\e hundred feet above tide-water, is a natural resting / place — a l)road level area surrounded l)v mountain monarchs all of them in the deadly embrace of glaciers. Strange, under this warm summer's sky, to see this battle "oiu"' on between rocks and ice — a battle be<;uu teons as(^ clcaf ^^nMin Hssui'i's \\v can ])laiiily see. To llu' soulli is anotlicr, vastly larjrcr, l»y tlio .^jt/^»%^ si(l(( of wliicli tlu* «rrHut«»st of tlioso of the A1|>k would \w iiisijjnilicaiit. Smalhsr ^i /?, uluficrs find lodiifiiu'Mt on all tli(Miiouiitain luMiduis and sloia's, wlieiicu iiiiatinor- able sparkling' casnuU'.s'foiiio leaping down. «3.i'-'*' Dcscciidiiij,'' westerly iVoiii the simiiuit we reach in a few miimtcrt tho Glacici" House, a delij:hlful hotel situated almost in the tac(' of the (treat Cllaci(>r and at the foot of the ^n-andest of all the peaks of the '^elkirks — Sir Donald — an acute i)yrauii(l of naked rock shootinj; »ip nearly eijxht thousand feet above us, i>^^livi^^\ ^fatterllorn^^«ii> *«»; 40 THE CANADIAN rACIFIC RAILWAY. }H' : 1 . iiii' ; I i i '''^ -n-^v -i '> I 4V I iMafiBaMMBiai THE CANADIAN PACIFIC IIAILWAV. 41 upon us again nncl foi* hours wc wind along their sides, looking down upon a tumbling river, its waters sometimes almost within our reach and some- times lost below. We suddenly cross the deep black gorge of the Fraser riveiy on a massive bridge of steel, seemingly constructed in mid-air, plunge throuah a tunnel, and enter the famous cailon of the Fraser. The view here changes from the grand the teiTil)le. Through this gorge, so deep and narrow in many places that the rays of the sun hardl}' enter it, the black and ferocious waters of the great river force their way. AVe are in the heart of the Cascade range, and above the walls of the caSon we occasionally see the mountain-peaks far above us, gleaming against the sky. Hundreds of feet above the river is the railway, notched into the face of the cliffs, now and then crossing a great chasm b^- a tall viaduct or disappearing in a tunnel through a projecting sjiur of rock, but so well made, and so thoroughly protected eveiywhere, that we feel no sense of danger. For hours we are deafened by the roar of the waters beloAv and pray for the broad sunshine once more. The scene is fascinating in its terror, and we finally leave it gladly, yet regretfully l"*" I At Yale the cafion ends and the river widens out, but we have mountains yet in plenty, at times receding and then drawing near again. We see Chinamen washinjj croid on the sand-bars and Indians hcrdinj; cattle on the meadows ; and the villages of the Indians/each with its little unpainted houses and miniature chapel, alternate rapidly with the collections of huts where the Chinamen congregate. Salmon drying on poles near the river give brilliant touches of color to the landscape, and here and there we see the curious grave- yards of the Indians, neatly enclosed and decorated with banners, streamers, and all manner of carved "totems." A gleaming white cone rises towards the south east. It is ^Mount Baker, sixty miles away and fourteen thousand feet al)ove us. We cross large rivers flowing into the Fraser, all moving slowly h> co as if I'estiu'i; alior their tumultuous passage down between the mountain ranges. As the valley widens out farms and orchards become more smd more frequent, and our heai-ts are glad- dened with the sight of broom and gorse and other shrulis and plants familiar to English eyes, for as we approach the coast av(> find a climate like that of the south of England, but with more sunshine. ToiKJiing the Eraser river now and then, we see tin occasional steamboat, and here in the lower part the water is dotted Avith Indian canoes, all engaged in catching salmon, which visit these rivers in iistonishing numbers, and which when caught are frozen and sent eastward l)y the railway, or canned in great quantities and shipped to all parts of ^ world. : / , r V / *»' •'V*'-^^ Eii».Jh«<«iii t 42 THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY '* o >4 5 s oi s •/I o o ,i! I THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. 43 Passing through a forest of mammoth trees, some of them twelve feet or more in diameter, and nearly three hundred feet high, we find ourselves on the tideAvaters of the Pacific at the eastei'n extremity of BuiTard infet. Following down the shore of this niountain-airt inlet for half an hour, our train rolls into the station at Vancouver, the western terminus of the Canadian Pacific railway. / - .1 "'"^ «j wE soon find comfortal)le quarters in a fine hotel, equal to any we have seen in the east, and its situation on high ground aflbrds us a most in- teresting and charming view of the new city, and the surrounding ■"^ country'. Far away at the southeast Mount Baker looms up all white and serene. At tne north, and rising directly from the sea, is a beautiful group of the Cascade moun..ams bathed in a viol«i^t light and vividly reflected in the glassy wai,ers of the iniet. Looking towarcls the west, out over English bay and the Straus of Georgia, we see the dark-blue mountains of Vancouver island, and at the southwest, beyond the broad delta of Eraser river is the Olympic range, — a long line of opalescent peaks fading into the distance. At our feet is a busy scene. The city is new indeed ; only one or two of its many buildings were here twelve months ago, — a forest stood hero then. The men who built the town couid not wait for bricks and mortar, and all of the earlier houses were built of wood ; but now many solid^ liandsome structui'cs of brick and stone are going up, and there is more of a come-to-stay look al)out it all. Down at the water's edge are long wharves where steamships from China and Japan, from California, Puget Sound and Alaska, arc dis- charging or taking in cargoes ; and at the warehouses along the wharves are lines of railway cars loadmg for the east Avith teas, silks, seal-skins, fish, fruit and many other commodities. Here and there all around the inlet, arc groat saw-mills, where steamships and sailing vessels are taking in timber and deals for China and Australia, and even for England. A few miles away is New Westminister, on the Eraser, one of the old towns of British CoUnnltia, now (luickened into vigorous growth by the advent of the railway, and the columns of smoke rising in that direction tell us of its extensive salmon can- neries and saw-mills. There, too, ships are loading for all parts of the world. And over against Vancouver island arc other columns of smoke indicating the great coal mines from which nearly all of the steamships of the Pacific are supplied. ^ 44 THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. c THE CANADIAN PACLFIC RAILWAY. 45 Northward for twelve hundred miles through the Gulf of Georgia and the wonderful fiords of Alaska, Avhere the mountains are embraced in a thousand arms of the sea, pleasure-steamers, crowded with tourists, ply frequently. Southwestward the Straits of Fuca lead out past the entrance to Puget Sound and past the city of Victoria, to the open Pacific. All these waters, from Puget Sound to Alaska, hardly known a few years' ago, are now dotted with all kinds of craft, from the largest to the smallest, engaged in all manner of trade. No wonder that with all her magnificent resources in precious metals, her coal and iron, her inexhaustible fisheries^ and vast forests, her delightful climate and rich valleys, her matchless harbors and her newly-completed transcontinental railway, British Columbia expec'ts a brilliant future ; and no wonder that everybody here is at work with all his might ! I ask your pardon, patient reader, for my persistence in showing you all sorts of things as we came along, whether you wished to see them or not. My anxiety that you should miss nothing tlwrt you might wish to see is my only excuse. You have been bored nearly to death, no doubt, and I have noticed signs of impatience which lead me to suspect your desire for freedom to go and see as you like, and as you have found that no guide is necessary, I will with your permission, leave you here ; but before releasing your hand, let me advise you not to fail, now that you are so near, to visit Victoria, the beautiful capital of British Columbia. A steamer will take you there in a few hours and you will be rewarded in finding a transplanted section of Old England, climate, people and all, more vigorous, perhaps, because of the transplanting. Near Victoria you will find Esquimalt, the North Pacific naval station, and an iron-clad or two, and perchance some old friends from home ; and let me t dvise you, furthermore, to take all of your luggage with you to Victoria, for I am sure you will be in no hurry to come away. r] ./ I --*■- rr THE CANADIA N PA CIFIC RAILWAY. THE IMPERIAL HIGHWAY FROM The Atlantic to the Pacific. al The Newest, The Most Solidly Constructed, and the Best Equipped Transcontinental Rout Particixlar attention is called to the PARLOR and SLEEPING-OAR SERVICE, so IMPOUTAST AS ACVKSSUIiV II'O.Y A /.M/AIIM)' WIIOSK CAltS AUK lll'X L'l'WAItDS ol-' Three Thousand Miles Without Change. These cars are of unusual strength and size, with l)ertlis, sinoli- ing and toilet accom- modations correspond- ingly roomy. Each transcontinental sleep- ing-car is provided with BATH ROOMS, and all are fitted with doulile doors and win- dows to exclude tlie dust in summer and tl\e cold in winter. The seats are richl upholstered, with liigh backs and arms, and the centre sections arc made into luxurious , sofas during the day. The upper bertlis are provided witli win- dows and ventilators, and have curtains sep- arate from those of tlie hortlis beneath. Tlie exteriors are of polished red maliogany, and the interiors are of combined nialiogany and satinwood, elal)orately carved. While the lamps, bracliets, berth-locks, and otlu'r pieces of metal work are of old brass of antique design. THE FIRST-CLASS DAY COACHES are proportionately elaborate in thoir arrangement for the comfort of tlie piussenger; and, for tliosc who desire to travel at a clieaper rate, COLONIST SLEEPING CARS are provided without additional charge. These cars arc litted witli upper and lower bertlis after tlie same general style as other sleeping-cars, but are not upholstered, and l)i(> passenger may fiirnisli liis own liedding, or purchase it of the company's agents at terminal stations at nominal rates. CANADIAN PACIFIC 8I.KKI>IN(i-CAU. FIRST-CLASS SLEEPING AND PARLOR CAR TARIFF. I'OU ONK l.OWKIl OK ONE I'l'l'Kll nEKTII IX SLKIU'INO DAK llHrWKKX Qiither atul Mniitrtml $ I ..'iU SloHtreal ami 'litriiiitii 'J.OO Minilffiil anil. Wlnnipvfi H.OO jVoHlrfiil a>iiiver....!iO.OO FOK .TJS .BO .r,o I't. ArthufA- Vancouver. $t.'i.00 Toronto and Vhieaffit ii.Ott Toronto atiit ]>t*troit li.OO Toronto and Winnipeg 8.00 Toivnto and Vancouver... HO, Ott Uoaton and Montreal $S.OO \eui I'ork and Montreal... 'i.Ott Chicago and St. I'liut '.'.«« St. I'aul and Hinnliirn ;t.Ott M'lujilpeff and Vancounr.fi.OO ONE SEAT IN I'AKI.OK CAK HI'-TWKF.N Qtirbee and Montreal .... Three Klvers Jk Montreal Montreal and Ottawa... Montreal and Toronto. ...$t,tHt itttawa and Toronto J.Ott I'e'erhoro' and Toronto.. ,!iS Acrommadatli-ii in FlrHt-Clami Ski'|)iii(( Cars and In Parlor Cars will only be sold to holders of FlrsUCIaas tranxportatiun. Biawcuii otlur stations in proportion. Toronto and Owen SoMnd..$ .SO Toronto and Si. Thomas.. .St> Toronto and Jletroit l.OO THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY Excel in Elegance of Design and Furniture AND IX TIIK Quality of Food and Attendance ANYTHING HITIIKUTO OFKEIIKD TO Transcontinental Travellers. Tlio fare provlited in these cars is the best procurable, and the cooking Ims a wide reputation for excel- lence. Local delicacies such as trout, prairie hens, antelope Hteaks, Frazer Kiver salmon, succeed one another as the train moves west- ward. The wines are of the Company's special importation, and are of the finest quality. CANADIAN PACIVIO DtNINO CAII. are placed at convenient places along the line, and the railway company operates hotels at Field, near the summit of the Rockies, at Glacier station, luar the summit of the Selkirks, and at North Bend on the Frazier Iviver. AT BANFF MINERAL HOT SPRINGS a neAV hotel, to acconunodate three hundred guests, is in process of erection, and will be comph^ted during the current summer (1887). At this point the Canadian government has estal)lished a NATIONAL PARK, and the natural grandeur of the situation, together with the valuable remedial (jualities of the spring waters, are sure to make this one of the most fivmous health and pleasure resorts of the world. t: i GENERAL OFFICERS CANiDIAJ PACIFIC UlLWAy. HEAD OFFICES: MONTUEAL CANADA. SiK Gro. Stephen, Bart. . .President Montreal. W. C. Van HonxK Vlce-rrcsklent " CIIA1U.KS DruxKWATF.n Secretary " T. G. SiiAUGnNKS.SY Assistant General Manager " Georok Olds General Traffic Manager " Lucii:s TuTTLK Passenger Traffic Manager " IIexijy linATTY Manager Steamship Lines and Lake Traffic Toronto. I. G. OauKN Comptroller Montreal. AT. SuTiiEKLAND Taylou. . Treasurer " J. H. McTavisu Land Commissioner Winnipeg. Wxr. WiiYTE General Superintendent, Western Division " IIakuy Ahuott General Superintendent, Pacific Division Vancouver. C. W. Spenceu Acting Gen. Superintendent, Eastern Division Montreal. UoBKRT Kerk General Freight and Passenger Agent, W. and P. Dlvs. ..Winnipeg. D. McNicoLL General Passenger Ageirt, Eastern Division Montreal. G. M. BoswoRTH Asst. Freight Traffic Manager, Eastern Division " E. Tiffin General Freight Agent, Ontario Division Toronto. G. W. SwETT Supt. Dining, Sleeping and Parlor Cars Montreal. Adelaide Aus. Boston Mass. BKOCK VILLK Ont. ClIICAOO 111. Glasgow Scotland Haufax N.S. Ho NO KoN(i China LivERPooi Eng. London Eng. London Ont. Montreal Que. New York N.Y. Ottawa Ont. Portland Ore. Quebec Que. St. John N.B. St. John's. . .Newf'ndl'd San Francisco Cal. Seattle Wash. Ter. Shanghai China Sydney .\ustralla Tacoma Wash. Ter. Toronto Ont. Vancouver B.C. Victoria B.C. Vv''iNNiPEG Man. Yokohama Japan. . .Agents Oceanic Steamship Co J H. J. Colvln 211 Washington St. \ L. S. Dow, Agent B. & L. K.R 218 Washington fc't. . . A. Caswell, Ticket Agent 145 Main Street. . .J. Francis Lee, Commercial Agent 232 Clark Street. . .Archer Baker, European Traffic Ageut 133 Buchanan St. . .C. R. Barry, Ticket Agent , 12G HoUls Street. ..Messrs. Adamson, Bell & Co., Agent j for China. . . Archer Baker, European Traffic Agent 17 James Street. .. " " " " " 88 Cannon Street. . .T. R. Parker, Ticket Agent Richmond St. . . C. E. McPherson, City Passenger Agent 2G6 St. James St. . .E. V. Skinner, General Eastern Agent 337 Broadway. . . J. E. Parker, City Passenger Agent 42 Sparks Street. . . C. G. McCord, Freight and Passenger Agent 6 Washington St. . .J. McKenna, City Passenger Agent St. Louis Hotel. . . Messrs. Chubb & Co. , Ticket Agents ■ .Geo. Shea, Ticket Agent f Messrs. Goodall, Perkins & Co., Agts. Pac. Coast) ,„ ti,„.i, » ., \ StearashipCo f i» *i"Ket jt. (D. B. Jackson, Passenger Agent 214 Montgomery St. . .E. W. MacGinnes .Messrs. Adamson, Bell & Co .Alex. Woods » .E. E. Ellis, Freight and Passenger Agent . W. R. Callaway, District Passenger Agent 110 King Street W. .D. E. Brown, Dls. Freight and Pass. Agent .G. A. Carleton, Freight and Passenger Agent.. . .Wharf Street. .G. H. Campbell, City Ticket Agent 471 Main Street. .Messrs. Frazar & Co., Agents for Japan A List of Tours over the Canadian Pacific Railway will be forwarded to any address on application to the Company's Agencies at London or Liverpool, Eng., New York, Boston and Chicago, or to the Pjissenger Traffic Manager at Montresil. % p-f- ■ masm