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Fli.S¥a:E,I.1t<, EETTEE 
 
 -OF 
 
 Jp^is Lat^ilship., the Bisbtrp ai Tavanta. 
 
 loljit iDScpIj Iiinrli, lii| tjiE (0rnrc nf S\ih, null nppaiiitntnit of tljc l^altf fn\ %\s\p^ 
 of (TnrDiita, ilsiiistniit nt tIjD ^.^niitiiirinl itljxm, CiDis JHfliunnas. 
 
 To </ic C/ns!/, the Rdigious Communities, and the TauIj of our Diocese, Health and 
 
 Benediction in the Lord : — 
 
 Dearly Beloved Brethren — 
 
 Our rioly Father Pius IX, the 259th Pope from St. Peter, 
 faithful to obliirations sworn to at liis coronation (an oath such as 
 all sovei-cigns take) to transmit intact to liis successor the pr+rimony 
 of St. Peter, calls upon all tlio faitliful throujxiiout the Catho:ic world 
 toaid him by theirprayers and good worksto surmount the didiculties 
 by which he is surrounded, and to defeat the machinations of men 
 who seek, by means the most impious and the most unjust, the de- 
 struction of the independence of the Holy See. In order more to 
 encouraire his faithful children in their pious supplications to Heaven 
 he has granted the favour of a pleiuiry indulgence on the usual con- 
 ditions. 
 
 An indulgence as you already know. Dearly Beloved Brethren, is 
 not a permission tocommit sia, as calumny sooften asserts— it is not 
 even a remission of past sins, but simply a remission of the whole 
 or part of the temporal punishment due' to sin, when, through the 
 mercy of (iod, die eternal punishment is forgiven, either by perfect 
 coiUrition, or a l<-ss perfect contrition joined to the Sacrament of 
 Penance, 
 
2 
 
 It is falselyaseertfc^ by nou-Catholics that the ettrnal punishment 
 being remitted, so, also, is tiie temporal — but this by no meaus neces- 
 sarily follows. The proj het Nathan declared on the part of God to 
 liie sincerely repentant David that his sin was lor<?iven, but not the 
 temporal punishment, for, continues the prophet, "because thou hast 
 done this thing, the child that is born to thee shall die the death." 
 Here we see a temporal punishment inflicted for a sin forgiven. 
 
 Christ, when giving to St. Peter his commission as head of his 
 Church and Chief of his Apostles, tells him, (St. Matt. xvi. 19)«I will 
 " give unto thee the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven : and whatso- 
 " ever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven and what- 
 " soever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven." Which 
 promise, made without any exception or limitation, must needs imply 
 a power of loosing or releasing all such bonds as might hinder or 
 retard a Christian soul from entering heaven ; and where Christ 
 makes no limitation or reservation we should make none. 
 
 The Apostles and first Pastors of the Catholic Church, who re- 
 ceived their teachings from the very mouth of ourliedeemer Himself, 
 well understood this doctrine, and practised it in the sense of the 
 Catholic Church of the present age. Thus St. Paul, (2 Cor. ii,) 
 grants in the person of Christ, that is, by the power and authority 
 received from Him, tlirough his ordination, an indulgence to the in- 
 cestuous Corinthian, withe ut waiting his going through a longer 
 course of penance. An indulgence of this kind the Supreme Pon- 
 lifl, new, for a just cause, grants to the Catholic world. The condi- 
 tions necessary to gain this indulgencG are : — 
 
 1st. That by a pood and worthy reception of the Sacrament of 
 Penance tl.e faithful become reconciled to Almighty God. 
 
 2nd. A worthy reception of the most holy Eucharist and earnest 
 prayer tc God, to change the hearts of wicked men who, to use the 
 words of our holy Pontiff," walk in iniquity serving under the banner 
 " of Salan, upon whose lorehead is written, falsehood, and who, called 
 "by the name of rebels, and turning their mouth against heaven, 
 "blaspheme God, sully and contemn every sacred thing, and tread- 
 " ing under foot all divine and human rij^hts, only breathe carnage. 
 " Like rapacious wolves, these are tliey who sslied blood, lose their 
 " sonls by most serious scandals, and seek most unjustly to profit by 
 " their OAvn malice, carrying off by violence other men's goods, afflict- 
 " ing the weak and the poor, increasinir the number of widows and 
 "orphans, and showiiir^ favor for reward to the impious while they 
 " refuse ]U3ti:;e to ihe„ust, plundering, and in the corruption of their 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
f 
 
 3 
 
 •♦ hearts shann'fnlly glutting themselves with all evil passions to the 
 " very great prejudice of civil society itself." 
 
 Pope Pius IX, is not the first of the Roman Pontiffs who has been 
 assailed in his dignity, honour, character and possessions, or who 
 had to solicit the prayers of the faithful, and the protection of princes 
 for the preservation of the patrimony of St. P iter, or for the cessation 
 of the persecution of the Church of Jesus Christ. From the very 
 cominencemeut of Christianity have pcopleji and nations raged 
 against the Church, and men devised foolish things. — Between the 
 spouse of Christ and the world, there always was, and always will 
 be, constant opposition, — for their interests clash, — the world in its 
 pride struggles for the mastery, and in its folly, unterrified by the 
 denunciations and maledictions of Christ, imagines, as Luciler did, 
 that it can place its throne even above that of the Most High. 
 
 " Woe to the world," saysthe Saviour (St. Matt, xviii). "Ithates 
 me becau.se I give testimony that its works are evil." [St. John vii.-7] 
 Of the Koman pontiffs, indeed, may it be said in the words of 
 Christ,"If the world hate you, knowit hated me before you." [St. John 
 XV.-18.] And again, "Because you are not of the world, therefore the 
 world hates you :" and the apostles taught the same doctrine as their 
 Divine Master. Hence, St. James says, (iv.-4.) " The friendship of 
 this world is the enemy of God," and St. John tells us that "the whole 
 world is seated in wickedness." [1 St. John V.-19.] 
 
 Now, what is this world, for whi<;h even the Redeemer refuses 
 to pray ? Not, indeed, the material globe, which is a noVle work of 
 His Word. Not all men who live on its surface, many of whom are 
 strong in virtue, and ardent in their love of God ; many of whom 
 would lay down their very lives for Christ, or to defend the hono- 
 and interests of His holy Church. The world to which Christ re- 
 fers are those sinful men who lend themselves to the powers of 
 darkness to perform the works of Satan— adulterers, murderers, &c. 
 Those who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worship- 
 ed the creature rather than the Creator— being filled with all iniquity, 
 malice, avarice, without fidelity, without mercy. [Rom. 1 ch.] 
 Those princes of this world — especially those kings and tyrants— who, 
 by --^ justice of every kind, by fire and the sword, carry destruction 
 Into Ai' dominions of their peacef"! neighbours ; dethrone legitimate 
 sovereigns; usurp their states andprovinces to their own aggrandize- 
 ment ; extend their possessions by the murder of the justly opposing 
 and loyal subjects ; tiiose who put forth a sacrilegious hand against 
 the lawful and sacred possessions of the Church ; who rob and ruin 
 
monasteries, conveiif., eoH,..,,.. 
 
 calulnui.?;, an. d. :::: '"^.f" V'^^^ '"<^-- . e a v-,vs';"f " "f 
 
 servants ol God -an,! ^1 "' '-''■""^'^'' U"ai ,.r t^^^ »'ik<-n to 
 
 work. "'°"''' *''^-' l^'-'^^^^. i« en.ployed hy ZmV7'''''^'^y' "'« 
 
 jaidi. ^i.^i^r;;;;^s !;; !;:'[• -'•'» victor e...,...,, ^,, 
 
 oil the most V r, J,l nf , """P''' t»o-ti,i,d« of f b , ' ) f ""'' "'ost 
 
 in.nd.d ,rHn.n;o/^.^/,^^« ^p'nu,a, p,,,, o/l;;:;,^';;;:- ,;;?: 
 
 conntenancin- or n iVn V'« subjecfs o/ our IIolv F-'M '"l ^'^'^ «» 
 anrf invadorC-^ / "S, "^ any way tbosP 1^ w'^* • ^'"^"'' ^^m 
 totl.eirI)ltK;7;;'"^^;;;^d under^ a tho ,d "l^^ l^'^.^ bandits 
 
 in several hard fon^lTt b.tt.' ^'J'"" ^'"'« '''"7 of T'p '""«' '"'« 
 Rofundo the bX'.i "'''', ^''"^^''"arander/nn I i /.V^^ routed, 
 strewed the fipM 1 . ^''^ ^''ousnnd of thot r "'"'"^ "* ^^«"t« 
 have n erey on ft /'';/°'' ^^"^^ hves and forTl. ""^"'•^""^^^''' '""bble 
 
 The Emperor 0/ lb r . " ^'''"^aJdi for hi. 
 
 ^'ven at the Conveiitioa 
 
ol J-'illi Si'plonibiT, 1S() I, the terms o( wliicli are too rt'ceiit tu bo 
 iTciillt'd lu're. 
 
 Tlie ('atliolic C'liiircli, the depository, iind teneherof fnitli, .sound 
 doetrire, i'lul jiiiiirdiiin o( iiionils, lins !il\vii\'s mised her voice iijiiiiist 
 injiiistice, botli in kiii<,^s ;nid peoples, nnd condemns all revolution- 
 ary societies, no mutter in wiiat country, as detritnentnl 1o public 
 peace nnd the real iiit<'rests of society, Hevolulion, propcrlv delined, 
 is th(! rebellion of peo|)!e a;j;iiii>t a l(>;;ifiniate soverei;^ni, inliiii,' for 
 the fjood and not Un- the destruction of a people. 
 
 Do we find this teaehinj^ af the Chnrch .seconded by person.s in 
 ]iij,di positions, by stiitesinen and a very lar^c [xntion of the press? It 
 is in shame thac ve have to n-cord the eontritry. For revolulionaty 
 societies in their own countries, they call for repression bv all the 
 terror.s of the force of :nms, t)f imprisonment and death, ^^)r like 
 Societies in oilier countries, there is nothiuf,' but i)riiise an. assist- 
 ance in money and arms. We all remiMuber with what an ovation 
 (laribaldi wa.s received in Enj,nau<l, visited by royaltv, Jeted f^y 
 many ol the nobles of tlie land, and eulo;:,n.sed by the press. INfeuniii, 
 the son ol (iaribaldi, lately tlumked his j^ciierou.s'aud patriotic frieiuis 
 in En^'lam!, for money, without which, he could not carry on the 
 war, forsootii, of independance. What would be said if the Head 
 Centrc-s of the Fenians were received in Koine, as (iaribaldi was 
 received in Eiij^laiid 1 We are not at all surprised that our gracious 
 and noble Queen refused to name with her own lips, in the late min- 
 isterial speech from the throne, these Garibaldiaus, or to di<,Miify them 
 as a band of Italian volunteers. What would not be the just' indijr- 
 nation of all good Knglishmen were the Ilolv Father, in an Allocu- 
 tion to his Cardinals and to the whole Cathoiio world, to yive to the 
 Fenians, after the skirimii'c of Ki.locway, the eneourairing name of 
 Iiii'h Vuliiiit('er,%i\nd to express a liope'that the U. s! G'ovennnent 
 would withdraw its army of observation from their territory border- 
 ing on Canada. 
 
 We must warn sinners and speak the truth ; and who will do it. 
 if the ]]ishop.sof the Catholic Chnreli remain silent ? It is tin; part 
 of the lii-heot loyalty and reli-iion to warn the people of the dan-ror 
 of fostering- the seeds o( revolution. Arson and assassination are 
 modes of wartiire imported into the British Isles from the Italian 
 school of revobition. We did not expect to sipfKr from lessons 
 tauglit there -but revolution is revolution all over the world. When 
 a mail blows the coals fi»r his nciulibor's destruction, may not a spark 
 fly in his own face and blind him? 31ay not the teaching and exam- 
 
6 
 
 • I* 1,. <,.ul tlifir or'nuii/iiti"" ^"P* 
 
 11 w uTonths pwious, .n^v n h " ; \P ,,, to.,., will, avtic es 
 Vo .pcakol .» Italian /'^^■•'°^' :,,',,, tVaiau rev(.lutiou..sts, cut- 
 
 ;:ri;-:Si;-E:S,5iSsSS5|| 
 
 hivch. Hul the ll'>l> 1 ''7' '^,' ■ ti,,. ,,.,v of Viclui- K.mir.iiuiel. Nor 
 \ ,,^,j^.a 1-y a lew ev.l ^^-. ^ " . Z/^; ^ t,^, l-.i,.! States are tlie 
 
 Ahev any reason <- ^; '^^^": . '^' l.nve never heanl ol pevod- 
 mostli^laly taxed Mi ail Kop^.n ^^^^ ^^ people starvn.^s 
 
 U-al lamines (ie.Mn.atn.|^ ' "n 1 1 '"'' 
 
 ^i,i„,t ,o support tn- e tl c 'P ' '^^^^,;,^,,, ^'^''^''" ^f^''1\^i^ 
 tries earryn.- P^"^''^ "^^^ .^, f steamships hearin;,^ nfl from the lam 
 Pone, and meetmg numbers o ^'' ' rotted— carfioes of wheat, 
 
 slTdpoor.-hecause their tood.thei^ot^a^^^^^^ , j,,. ^i„. ,ppiy 
 
 d, Stt^a and every land o P-^^ «" ;,,,3,a de.nand his prm- 
 any sovereign to ''^»''Y;'''"f,," ,;:,^.;iy was never the 
 
 n ,1 eitV for 1 luMr eapitnl 1 1^""'' ' ^; IJ [ .;. iL,.,,hv world ; and when 
 "pal!;! Italy. lt-=--!'^r?:3 ; tle'c istian world. Home 
 „J,t .,,,sed, it became ^1";,^; ;!i ^^ ^,. donations of prjnces and 
 was rel.nilt hy the IM"'^. ^ ';' ' /^^^. ^,,„, ,, the Catho hcs of a 
 the pious uun.ilicent, as vN til .>■''>> j , ,,avt'nt of "t l*-''^^^ 
 
 ! Entries, and is ^"I'l-^'V; , ^^^ f Ue \^ al City, nttn.cted tluthre 
 ,,0,000 people, who <'""^'"" .,;'),, 'iu; the Viear ofChnst on earth, 
 1 V the .resenee of the ^"P'^''V '',.,' Tliose visitors, at least. 
 ^ J tU unrivalled .randeuro the h^^^^ 
 
 spondon an "V^n.^'' ^^l^^;/ '.';,, j,",„uvers.. .lecu.s itself msnlto 
 
ernnn'iit sillows the resources of the country to n^tnain iinprodiiclivo 
 to till- (li'triiiifiit III tlic pcnplc. Hut ill rc(iil;iti(>ii of tliis we lifiv 
 nuotf witli i.lc.iMiiv Iniiii uii uddn-s.s pivM'iiti'd to the Sovcn-i^ni 
 Pontilf, I'iiis VII., I)y tlic 'rril)iiiu', or, House ol Coiiimons ol Fianee, 
 on till' «)cc;i.si()ii ol lh»' Pole's visit to I'iiris to crown tlio KiiipiM-or, 
 Niipolcoii I. " Yoiirtiihie, iiiiiiiiteiiaiKc, uiid lursoiuil expense- hiivo 
 been rej^ulnted like tliuso ol llie luo.st priviite imlividunl. Von liuvc 
 justly deemed true j;re; Iness to bu less in the pomp and f-litter ol a 
 conr't tliaii in ih" InVtre of virtues, and a wise and cnconomieal ad- 
 iiiini.stration. A-^rieuitnre, con.inerce, and tlie fine arts resimu' llicir 
 .splendour intlieJ^oman State.-,. 'I'lie Uomin Campaj^na, lon<r un- 
 cultivated and sterile, will soon bo covered with woods. * * A hiw 
 compels larj>e land-ludder.s to put their lands under cultivation or let 
 out at moderate rent.s .-such lands a.s they cannot or will not till. 
 Finally, by drainiuij the Pontine Mar-slie.s, by resforin-; vast tracts 
 to cultivation, will con.ribute to the salubrity of the climate, and in- 
 creased po|)ulation ol the Koman States. Your Holiness openly 
 proclaims live trade, &.e." -Many States of Europe, thou;,'h late, 
 hav. followed this last mentioned reform, and the rulers of ooau' 
 countries would d > well to follow the merciful and just example in 
 favor of laborii!'4 classes, resi)ecting useless lands and draininjif bogs. 
 
 Pope Leo XII., immediate successor of Pius the VII., showed 
 likewise a large and enlij,ditened policy towards his people. By the 
 treaty of Vienna, says Count Artaut l)e Mentor, " a large tract of the 
 Pap il territorv, a irreat part of which had beloni,a'd to mona.steries 
 and co!le;ies, had ijeen settled on Prince fugeueand the lieauliaruois 
 family. Not only a f^igantie system of absenteeism was established 
 perpetuallv in the heart of the country, and a very large income car- 
 ried ahroiid, which otherwise would have been laid out on the spot, 
 but an uiulue inllutmce was thereby created over a susceptible pop- 
 Illation throuirl, ihe widely scattered patronage held by the adminis- 
 trators of the property. Many of the employed were, moreover, 
 foreigners, whose religion was in declared antipathy to that of the 
 natives, and wIio.sl- morals neither cdilied nor impro\ed the popula- 
 tion. To get rid of this anomoloiis state ot things, Leo used his 
 utmost endeavours ; and probably would have succeeded had his 
 reign been a little prolonged." 
 
 IJut Gregory X\'i. in 1845, formed a company in Home which 
 bought up, at a fair valuation, the Heauharnois estates, and let and 
 sold the lauds to inuuy proprietors,- thus enrichinjj the country in 
 population and produce, iind contenting thousands. The present 
 
8 
 
 Vonoriible Hoad of llie Churdi continups tho mild and pntcriial ^ov- 
 iTiiniciit of Ids pivdcccssots — his pcoplo are liappy, whilst his hite 
 siihjects, wrosli'd h'oin him 1)}' his c'luMuics, alrcacly j^roan Uiidcr a 
 heavt taxation, aiul see tiuMr chihhvu coiis(!ii])ted to iill up the 
 armies of tiio so called Kinf>' ot Italy. 
 
 It is sail! that the Po|h> heiii^ Head of the Cliiiich should not he 
 a temporal sovereign. '1 his ohjcelinn cannot he nrj^ed by those who 
 have to swear to- the supremacy of the (iueen of llngland both in 
 Chnreh and State. 
 
 'riiero is no prince in Europe whose title is more legitimate 
 or more ancient tliaii that of His Holiiieiss the Pope. We may 
 trace his temporal possessions back to the time when the early Chris- 
 tians sold their houses and lands, and broucfht the price of the things 
 thvy sold and laid it down at the feet of the Apostles. "And dis- 
 tribution was made to everyone according!; as he had need." [Acts.] 
 For nineteen centuries these pious donations have poured iii from 
 all parts of the known world to the treasury of the successor of St. 
 Peter. 
 
 We claim, lliercforc, for the Holy Father the continuance of the 
 free and indisputable ri;^lit enjoyed oy his predecessors in tlntadmin- 
 istraiioii of the laws and iiovernmont of the States of the Church. 
 And lii'iiii; thus fr(>e and iiidependent in bis own States he can exer- 
 cise his spiritual jurisdiclioti over the Catliolic Nations and {)eoples 
 of the earth, and be accessable to them. 
 
 In all tt'nii)nral moiiarchies a freedom of action is accorded the 
 soverei^fus, by which they can exercise iheir royal p re ro<i:a fives 
 lhrou:fhout the sj)here of their respective dominions; audit would 
 be a crime to depriv the duly constituted auth(n'ity of its just riij^ht. 
 ibil as llu' Soven ii^ii Pontill is sj)iritual ruler of the Catholic wnrld. — 
 of an empire einbraoin<!; llu' vast number of 20(),000,(i00 of souls, 
 scattered tlii-ouuhoiU the whole world, it is rii,dit, and even necessary, 
 that, in bis si>irituiil domain, a similar freedom of action should be 
 accorded him; and, if it be uidawfnl to deprive a rei;^niMjr pri n-e of 
 any part of his rij^htfu! inlieritance, we maintain that it can neither 
 be lawful nor constitutional to deprive the Holy Father of any part 
 of his temporal power, or of the territory that he legally and justly 
 holds in trust for the Church. 
 
 Nevertheless, it is manifest to the world that armed bands 
 of freebooters and ruthless men, aided by some {governments and 
 abetted l)y others, invade the hallowed soil ot the Pontifical teritory, 
 cruelly put to the sword unoiiei)din<j citizens, and thirst with the 
 
9 
 
 unholv ilosiie c.l depriving Hio Holy FatUei of all his vested and 
 sacred" rights, and of life itself; if neeessaiy, for their wicked pur- 
 pose. Thus a revohitionarv principle is fostered, not only by con- 
 nivance, but even by co-()i)eratien. A precedent is established 
 which mav one day prove detrimental to thrones and empires, unless 
 it be coinpletelv extinguished by the timely and judicial action ot 
 the friends of soci.il order and jrood government. When the throne 
 of the Holy Father is imperilled, then the thrones of other monarclis 
 bej,'in to totter, for on the same principles all stands, viz: legitimacy 
 
 and ri^ht. ^ , ^. ,, 
 
 If prudence would prevail in the councils of the nations, the 
 independence of the Sovereign Pontiff would be secured in his tem- 
 poral authority. And whilst this independence would secure to him 
 the free exercise of all his rights in matters spiritual, it would also 
 be a guarantee for the peace of Kurope. Hence the temporal power 
 .should be held sacred and inviolable, both as a matter of simple 
 justice and political jurisprudence. 
 
 In the Government of the Church over which our Holy Father 
 was appointed to rule, by virtue of the commission given to M. 1 eter 
 by our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, who said to him : " I'eed my 
 lambs, feed my sheep." [John xxi. 17.] and '' go teach all nations both 
 kings and people," he should be independent and free from the 
 restraint of princes especially. 
 
 The Church is a spiritual kingdom, and as such she possesses 
 the power necessary for the administration of her own laws. She 
 has jurisdiction in all matters relating to the consciences of her 
 subjects. And as the Pope is the Supreme Head of the Church he 
 possesses that power and jurisdiction in all their plenitude. 
 
 But were the malevolent designs of tyrants to prevail so far as 
 to make him the subject of any temporal Power, then the end of the 
 Divine commission would be in a great measure impaired, and the 
 Papal iuricdictioii would be circumscribed in its sphere ot action as 
 the history of the past informs us. What difhculties would beset his 
 path, should he at one time be an irnptiiahsf, at another a monarch- 
 ist, and again be obliged to wear the cockade of the republic, and 
 swear allegiance to, and sing To Deums at the coronation of an 
 usurper under the penalty of being treated as a rebeH Under the 
 control of worldy governments he could neither issue Bulls nor 
 rescripts, nor any other documents pertaining to his holy ofhee ot 
 appointing bishops, reforming abuses, condemning heresies, cutting 
 
10 
 
 "'°H,„ ,1,0 Holy I';"!-;;, -„,;;: 4 ,ir».ul o,i>oc,- U.. .lo,„-c»»ca 
 
 nrrur in the UUi '"'" p., , 
 
 and the success wlucl.l'-u^iHi 
 to God. 
 
11 
 
 Clmn.,-,. vast ..npirc, rcc.ivod tl.. faih. by the i"^^^'^li''!<-'/^;^:t;'. 
 nuA i,ulrsc ih^bU havl^Uips of t!ic Catliolic iiiissionary. ^ul tlnco 
 " t J a' o, Fat oi Hirci la.ulo.i at Canton. 11. was the fustnus- 
 1 c uv a. ftl e only person in that vast .-inpiaN uhich con aincd one- 
 
 1 of nunanVunily xvho professed beli.-f in Jesus Christ. Now 
 
 C -ris divided anions !'<-' eii^ht principal missionary orders of the 
 CI • h i ir?^^^^^^ by thirty-two bishops, eighteen coadjutor 
 
 b a 1 thirty vicars npcstolic. These intrepid and holy bishops 
 
 o K'hur'h in ^:hi„a ar.l.blyand ^^y^^^^^^J f^^!!"^^,;^^::::;:;^ 
 l.v ■! miMK-rous bodv of native and forei-n priests, catechists and sis 
 
 -.; oi Xui.v, wlH^ despisin, every l--'^''''\'T:d';ivX',S^ 
 einplov every luwfnl means to save souls purchased by the P't^'-ious 
 Ho of Christ. C<.llr-es and schools are established throughout he 
 Fmn r' T1 ey are .ell attended by the natives, and are conduc ed 
 bvtheBrolerl and Sisters of various religious orders. Ho«p|t'^l« 
 
 ■nl bc^ e ected iorthe sick, and asyhnns for abandoned children 
 t: .^ "us persons, appointed fur that purpose, p.ck up on the n^ac 
 side out of the marshes, or Irom the rutmm- streams. 1 lie number 
 oM.i; e tm^ ^aved in the year l^G6-7 is given as 303,S0.. ; and 
 
 1 c Is CO lected by the Society of the Holy nfancy f^or their snp- 
 
 Mt . s r^l 0-^'JA 11. Conversions arc progressing on a large scale- 
 ^;i llV^i la-c^s o the true faith. The Catholics of that Empire and 
 Jts a ioh " dependencies are counted by millions. Our holy reh- 
 lioi? 1 o ..h eL.cuted in some Cantons, ^vhere lately many of our 
 So 'sai^/eaous bishops and devoted priests received the crown of 
 nMrtvXin is flourishing in others. This happens especially in the 
 ;" Thea- he hardships to be endured are so great, and the peri 
 
 o i so mminent that our missionaries alone dare brave them, and 
 consequently meet with no opposition from the missionaries of 
 
 the sects. i i r •*! 
 
 In Japan, where the priesthood was annihilated and the faith- 
 
 children of the martyrs. 
 
1: 
 
 In the East Iiiclios twenty IJisliop, with their priests, aided hy 
 the religious of both sexes, are hibouriiig zealously and sueeessfuUy 
 in the work of the mission. 
 
 In Afriea there are seventeen bishops, five vicars apostolic, one 
 luindred and eighty-six priests, three religions orders of men and u 
 large number of secular priests and sisters of various religious com- 
 munities, and amid almost insuperable diliicullies are reclaiming 
 souls to God. 
 
 In Abyssinia our missionaries, imder the conduct of a vicar- 
 apostolic, liave laboured quietly and with great fruit for many years 
 in bringing back that people to Christianity. 
 
 In Australia one arch-bishop, seven bishops and a vast number 
 of priests and religious are laying the foundation of a most nourish- 
 ing church. The larg(! influx oi (Catholic emigrants from Ireiai d 
 contribute materially to the advancement of religion in this distant 
 part of the globe. 
 
 In Oceanica every group of islands has its bishop and missioji- 
 aries. 
 
 ■When we turn to contemplate the growth of the Chinch in the 
 United States, we are astonished l)y the unparalleled rapidity of its 
 progress. The influx of emigrants, for every emigrant shi{) brings an 
 endMvo church, and the successful labours of the missionaries 
 among the native tribes,have added to the numbers of the faithful at 
 a rate almost incredible. In 1776 the Catholics were in a ratio of one 
 to two hundred, now they are as one to seven. In the year 1808 
 there was but one diocese in the United States, sixty-eight priests, 
 eighty churches and stations. Now, there are about fifty dioceses, 
 nearly three thousand priests and four thousand churches. Magni- 
 ficent and costly churches adorn tln^ land ; colleges, convents and 
 schools, princii)ally built in the most select localities, are flourishing 
 everywhere. The priesthood and the religious Orders of the Church 
 are embraced with a holy devoted ness by the youth of the country, 
 so that the most sanguine have reason to expect that their wishes 
 for the success and triumph of the true religion will be speedily 
 realized. 
 
 Now, when we consider that about eighty years ago a penal law 
 existed in the United States, then a British colony, against Catholic 
 priests, makin;,^ i) a transportable ofR-nce to remain in the colony, 
 and death if they returned ; and consider, in the second place, the 
 rapid growth of the Chinch, despite! all opposition, we are forced to 
 exclaifn — surelv llie finger of Ooil is here ! 
 
i ► 
 
 13 
 
 InlliP Hritish North American Provinces, at the l)e<,MnniM- ot 
 11„. i.restM.t centnrv, there was one bishop Avitli a (ew pnests. Now, 
 the ( hnrch in tlieso provinces is -overned by two Arclibishops, stv- 
 enteen hi.ho|.s, a numerous, and .■tiicient bo.ly of priests, and a 
 laroenu.nberot religious. Colle^n■s, co.nents, an.l schoos, conducted 
 by'reliaious, are numerous and ^.mpurt a very supeiior education. 
 ^ At the iM-innin-of this century th.. Catiiol.cs of the I'rovmce of 
 Ontario could be easily numbered. Now. they are t ^ J^fth .. the 
 population, and Nvould certainly be a lourth were ,t not that obtain 
 en plovment they mij;rate in hn-.- numbers (o tn. United ^ta<es 
 
 The missionary eilorts of tin- reli-ious societies are extending 
 northwards thron-h the Hudson Hay territory into the Arctic regions. 
 Three Bishops of the Ord.T of the Ohlates of Mary, with eighty- 
 three priests, of (he same (Jrder, and a number of Sisters ot Cliari y. 
 .zealously labouring in the l{ed Kiver Sett ement. m the 
 AlcKen/ie Wivr Settlement, in Hritish Coiumbm, and among 
 Ihe various Tribes of Indians, who roam the ice-bound re- 
 jrions of the I ludsou Bay Territory, extending tmin Hussian America, 
 now held by the United States, on the nest to Balhu's Bay, and Da- 
 vid's Straits on the east. * i i 
 
 \11 these, and many other missions, which we have not Had 
 spac^ to mention, are chiefly supplied with nmsionanes from the 
 colleges of l-airope. and from the various Rf g'ons Orders of he 
 Church. Among the former, the College of the Propaganda hoi s 
 the first place. The Seminary of Foreign Missions, in Paris, 1 lie 
 Seminar' of African Missions The SVuninai^v of FoixMgn Missions m 
 Brussels", The College ot All Hallows, in Ireland, and Carlow Col- 
 lc"e each furnish their number of holy and devoted missionaries to 
 preach the true Gospel of Jesus Christ to the Gentiles. 
 
 Whereever prohibitory laws have been removed, as m England, 
 Sweden, Norway and Denmark, the church is progressing with a won- 
 derful rapidity. The more wonderful are these conversions, as any 
 convert to our holy religion must necessarily sutfer ni^^Y >'»"" ''^; 
 tions, make great iacrilices, friends abandon them, relations despise, 
 and the world at large frown on them. . 
 
 If there be joy before the angels of God upon one sinner doing 
 penance, [St. Luke xv. 10,] how great must not that joy be amongst 
 fhcm upon U.e return of a vast number of the K nglish nation to the 
 faith of their fathers. This religious movement, cominenced 'J'>H"'g^t 
 thehiglRvst and learned classes, who at the time ot the so called Ke- 
 
1» 
 
 lorinafioii, yirldiiii; to tlic prtssiirc of pcr.si'cutioii, bc;iiitlali/.<d Cliiis- 
 teii<lom l)y fli.'ir ;ipostiicy. 'Ilie middlo classes follow in o-rt-af mitii- 
 bors. Tlu' !':cc!r.->!iislica! IIi(>ntri'liy lias l)!'(>;i rc—.stiihlisIuMl, l)isi!u)|>s, 
 priests, I'iiiiiclics. collciicsniid rcliijoiis houses luivf ln'ca iiiallinlii'd' 
 throii^lioiit tlif land. 'J lir foi<>.Nci-ii and acki)owlc(I;!4fd (ailiiif (.Itlie 
 raii-.\iii,^licaii Coiivocalioii lias oiiciicd tlic ey(>s (7f many caiiicst 
 cliiislians, osju'cially aiiioii'ist the Kpipcnpniians, who rushed lo fho 
 Hark of I'cfcr as from a sinkiii-r ship. Thev saw ihal they helonirod 
 to a clmrch mfaj)ahlc in it.scK, of dflininjr fiiith, corrcetin^r morals, 
 rcniovmj,'- ahiisi-s, or pi-rihrminir any ollic-c of a livinj,' fliurch, but 
 placed eompietely under the eontrol of the powers of this world. 
 
 The many religious orders of !he Cnnr. h, iaspin-d with a holy 
 7.eal to labour in the vinevard of the Lord, and to briii-,' souls to 
 Ji.'sns Christ, send forth their learned, pious, and devoted ' members 
 into every jiart ol the known world. 
 
 'J'hese IMissioiunies are ehieliy snjJiKiited bv the eontrilnitioii.s 
 of the faithtdl, especially alms reci'ived lro;n " The Society for the 
 i'ropa-ation ol the Faith," and " The Societv of tii(« Holy Infancy " 
 These Societies we earnestly recommend to our l.iithhil" clei-'v and 
 Jiheral laity. It is onr most earnest wish that these t.vo Socieiies t)u 
 sustained in every mission of nar diocese, and re-established in any 
 mission where lln'y may have been ne,:,dectod. t)n these two Socio' 
 ties jrreatly depend the Missionaries of the many loreij,Mi msssions 
 to which the church is extendin;r its labours. 
 
 You hereby p(M-ceive, my Dearly lieloved, that oar Holy Father, 
 amidst las many ?^rievaiices, has also many reasons to cheer His 
 Catholic Heart. Many noble youths of the best families in Italy 
 and forei^ni lands, some, we are proud to say, from this conntiy, 
 rally around the Father of the Faithful, ready and willinir to defend 
 iiissarred peismi and holy cause, even at the risk of theiHives. 
 
 'I'lie enemies of our faith are coiistantiv exultiiii^- over every 
 humiliation which the iioman INaitili' sust'ains. i:\viy Pope is 
 bythem calh'd the last. The old crv at the death ol the Pope is, 
 "we have seen the end of the Papacy," but when Jesus ( luist 
 was laid in the tomb the .lews thoui^ht that Christianitv was 
 buried. 
 
 When St. Peter was martyred in IJome, the world rejoiced that 
 ( hristianity would rule no more. 'l"liirtv-one ol his successors siif- 
 /er(>d death (or the faith. .Many others endured .severe i)erseculion, but 
 the end is not yet. Christ, our Lord, said, " Heaven and earth shall 
 
 4 
 
 > 
 
15 
 
 pass away but jNfy word sliall not pass away ; '' and His word is, " 1 
 shall he with von all days, oven to (he con^ninniation of the world." 
 St. Chrysostom's answer to the enemies of the Chnrcli is as applic- 
 able iii'onrday as in his : " It is easier," said he " to remove the sun 
 from the heavens than the ChnrcIi from tlie earth. 
 
 But we. Dearly Helovod in Christ, mast aid our Holy Father in his 
 difiicnllies, and add to his joys by devout prayers and pious olFer- 
 ings— .supplicating the antlmr of every good and perfect gift, be- 
 scochiiig our holy Mother, the BlesM'd Virgin Mary, Mother of our 
 Lord and Saviour, Jesus CMirist, prayinyr the saints of Heaven, es- 
 pecially St. Peter and St. Paul, that our Holy Father may be dc- 
 Hvered from his enemies, and that the governments of Italy and 
 Russia may cease to persecute the church. 
 
 Hence, in conformity with the Encyclical Letter of our Holy 
 Father, we ordain that in every church of our diocese there be ollered 
 a Tiiihium or devotion of three days, according to the intentions of 
 the Holv See. This Tiiduain to connnence at the earliest conve- 
 nience of the Parish Priest. On one of the days, if allowed by the 
 Kubrics, a Solenui Keqaiem Mass will be celebrated for the souls of 
 those valiant soldiers who died ia the defence of the cause of the 
 Holy See, The second day, a Mass of Thanksgiving for the recent 
 victories of the Holy See. And on the third day, a Mass of Supplica- 
 tion to obtain the intercession of the Immaculate Mother of God, in 
 behalf of the (Church of Christ, and for the preservation of its august 
 Head on earth. 
 
 This, our Pastoral Letter, is to be read in all the churches and 
 chapels of this Diocese, and in the Chapters'of the Religious Com- 
 munities, on the "first Sunday after its reception.- 
 
 Given at our l-'piscopal Palace, in the city of Toronto, under our 
 signature and seal, the sixth of Jaiuiary, the Feast of the Epiphany, 
 one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight. 
 
 t JOHN JOSEPH LYNCH, 
 
 Bishop of Toronto. 
 
 P. S. The Pvcverend Clergy will please take up a collection in 
 the most effective manner, during the three days devotions, to aid 
 the Holy Father in his present embarrassed circumstances. 
 
 I J. J. L., Rp. 
 
PASTORAL LETTER 
 
 OP 
 
 gi^ Covrttihip, the ^Ught iUv. af. 3f. ^^wk ?.§., 
 
 13ISIIOP» OF TOROISTTO. 
 
 
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