IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 1.0 I.I Ui»22 |2.5 |5o "^^ H^H ^ I4£ ill 2.0 1.8 1-25 III 1.4 m 6" % VQ o ^h 7 /A Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. USSO (716) 872-4503 > CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/iCMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Ttchnical and Bibliographic Notaa/Notas tachniquaa at bibliographiquaa Tha inatituta Saa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignif Icantly changa tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. D D D D D Colourad covars/ Couvartura da coulaur I I Covars damagad/ Couvartura andommagAa Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura rastaurAa at/ou pallicul6a |~~| Covar titia missing/ La titra da couvartura manqua I I Colourad maps/ Cartas giographlquas an coulaur □ Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) [~~| Colourad platas and/or illustrations/ Planchas at/ou illustrations en coulaur Bound with othar matarial/ RaliA avac d'rutres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serr^e peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion la long de la marge intArieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouties lors d'une restauration apparaissant dans la texte, mais. lorsque cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont pas M film6es. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplAmentaires: Various pagings. The( toth L'Institut a microfilm^ la maillaur axamplaira qu'il lui a 4t4 poaaibia da aa procurer. Lea dMaiia da cat examplaira qui sont paut-Atra uniques du point da vua bibliographiqua, qui pauvant modifier une image raproduita, ou qui pauvant axiger una modification dana la mAthoda normala da filmaga aont indiqute ci-daaaoua. I I Colourad pagaa/ i/ n Pages de couleur Pages damaged/ Pages endommagAea Pages restored and/oi Pages restaurAes at/ou pallicul6es Pages discoloured, stained or foxet Pages dAcolorAes, tachatAea ou piquAes Pages detached/ Pages d6tach6es I — I Pages damaged/ I — I Pages restored and/or laminated/ ryy Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ I I Pages detached/ The I poss of th fiimii Origi begii the \i sion, othei first sion, or nil Showthrough/ Transparence n~| Quality of print varies/ QuaiitA inAgaia de I'impression Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du materiel supplAmentaire Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible The I shall TINl whic IVIar) diffei entiri begii right requi meth Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont AtA filmAes A nouveau de fapon A obtenir la meilleure image possible. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film6 au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X y 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X l«tail« M du nodifiar •r une ^ilmag* The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanke to the generosity off: National Library of Canada The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping w'th the filming contract specifications. L'exemplaire film* fut reproduit grAce A la g6nArosit6 de: Biblioth^qua nationale du Canada Las images suivantes ont 6t4 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu di la condition at de la nettetA de l'exemplaire ffilmA, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de ffilmage. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. es Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprim6e sont fiimis en commenpant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, salon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmAs en commen9ant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. The last recorded frame on each microffiche shall contain the symbol -^(meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Un des symboles suivants apparaftra sur la dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, seion le cas: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many fremes as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmte A des taux de r6duction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, il est filmA A partir de I'angie supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en pranant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. errata I to t I pelure, on A 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 NEf^ In The Canary- The Bay of Bahia i on the Br of all die currences Courfe to and Coall Their Inhabi Their Ha Trees, PI; liljftrated wi'h Bird,-. Filhe Worlc]> Curi By Q^ 'I tinted for J Cro'wn in S Y > /f . Cn-,{r ^^ /tjfT-:. { /A.VV VOYAGE NEIV-HOLLAND. &c. i In the Y E A R 1 695). Whcrein are defcrlbed, ' •* " — — -. — The C^;/jrj-I(]ands, the Iflcs of Mayo and St. Jago. The Bay of All-Saints^ with the Forts and Town of Bahia in Brazil. Cape Salvadore. The Winds on the Bra(iuan Coaft. Abrohlo Shoals. A Table of all the P'cV'lrJions obferv'd in this Voyage. Oc- currences near the Cape of Good-Hope. The Courfe to New-Holland. Shark's Bay. The Iflcs and Coaft, ^c. of New-Holland. Their Inhabitants, Manners, Cuftoms, Trade, i^c. Their Harbours, Soil, Beafts, Birds, Filh, i^c. Trees, Plants, Fruits, ^c. 7 \ Illdftrated wi'h feveral Map s and D raug h t s : Alio divers Bird;, Fillies and Plants not found in this Parr of the World, Curioufly Ingraven on Copper PlatS'. VOL. HI. By Captain William D a m p i e k , ^Ibe Third Edition. L O N "D O K ^rinted for James and John Knapton, at the Cro'-m in St. Paul*& Church-Yard. Mdccxxix. Ifi. i»i ^i 1 f. 1 .r !!■ \V' (!'■! i>^ !!■ ti ! i W' ; if • S 1 : ' ( Hi; c V a J^u4 uauJtm ^ ^ijcinfton Lco-ryjrx, 'Atxoroia TTOck^^j^vs On^iJC:!! i>* a «» -. ,^ Quil oa f*/f;2/i/ ^y* r. a/ Caod :j£9ihi ft / 'v /. J II. J '" ^/ //'/// /U.Viny M.' /'^<'-' 0ci:.^2>j rs Oji,iX7!i\T^Lis ti ?» 5i ^9 Sumatm. L hx^ .iCf^ & a ^:^^: »*» ^. L-vtunea Jkn.hTokl\ .^"^ vmor /uinJ'' V M ff ^ /x,^ '5''^^ ^N".*: -wr ^ iSltark,j Jiat/ . **% If OiX-A-JSr X) ^. ••••■■' &c"^S QXI''- b . C. Orfvrd t . C. £4a/hr qo 10 a tio ii.o\ ,JO i+o\ .jo\ \6o T Earl Lord ; fty's vy-C My Lo THl in III Jour Lordj me the Bol following T: made upon {hould have could I per J Lordjhip's i fi cautious isjhole Booi have deny'c due Honou T^edication Tqu fo imf To the Right Honourable THOMAS EarlofP£/W£^OA:£, Lord Prefident of Her Maje- fty's Mod Honourable Pri- vy-Council, &"€. My Lord, THE Honour I had of being employed in the Service of his late Majefty of Illujirious Memory y at the time when Tour Lordjhip prepded at the Admiralty^ gives me the Boldnefs to ask Tour ^roteEiion of the following Papers. They confifl of fome Remarks made upon very diftant Climates^ which I fhould have the Vanity to think altogether new\ could I perfuade my felf they had efcapd Tour Lordjhip's Knowledge. However I have been fo cautious of puhlifhing any thing in my whole Book that is generally known^ that I have deny'd my felf the ^leafure of paying the due Honours to lour Lordfhip's Rame m the T^edication, I am afham'dt my Lord, to offer Ton fo imperfeff a Trefent, having not tme h z to ^^1 I '-: 1$ a ' Mi I f DEDICATION. to fet do^LH all the Memotrs of my laft Voyage : But OS the particular Service I have no^jj un- {lir taken, hinders mejromjini^nng this Voluyne, fo 1 hope it li'i/! giv ■ me an Opportunity of paying my Reffttis to Tour Lordship in a ne^sj one. The World is apt to judge of e^'ery thing by the Sitccefs -, and ''juhoen^ar has ill I or tune vjill hardly be allow d a good Name. ThiSy my Lord, ''jjas my Unhappinefs tn my late Ex- f edit ion tn the Roc- buck, which founder' d thro' pcrf'eB /Ige near the I (land of Afccnfion. / fuffer d extreamly tn my Reputation by that Mis for rune ; tho' I comfort my felf with the Thoughts^ that my Enemies could not charge #?; V Nightl vpon me. Andfince 1 have the Honour to be acquitted by your Lerdfhfp's Judg- ment, I P'ouid be very humble not to value my felf upon fo compleat a Vindication. This^ and a World oj other Favours, which I have been Jo happy as to receive from Tour Lord- Pup's GoodnefSy do engage me to be with art everlafling Refpe6f, My Lord, Your Lordfhip-s f Moft Faithful and Obedient Servant, WJLL pjMTIER. THE I P THE nicr tions have gives me 1 ing the Ol gainft nic Volume Ilk ceptablc to are curious rants, Anin rant Count not at all bi It has all who have efteemed ai ther have h Things the\ had Ibme whom the I vain therefc to cfcape t V IS®'* ^i •ftfe 2;l2J!«'jd2i<9 THE PREFACE. TH E favourable Reception my two for- mer Volumes of Voyages and "Defcrtp- ttons have already met with in the WorlJ, gives me Reafon to hope, That notwirhftand- ing the Objedions which have been raifcd a- gainft me by prejudiced Peribns, this Third Volume likewile may in fome meafure be ac- ceptable to Candid and Impartial Readers who are curious to know the Nature of the Inhabi- tants, Animals, Plants, Soil, &c. in thofc dif- tant Countries, which have cither feldom or not at all been vifited by any Europeans. It has almoft always been the Fate of thofe who have made new Difcovcrics, to be diP cfteemcd and (lightly fpoken of, by fuch as ci- ther have had no true Relifh and Value for the Things themjelves that are difcovcred, or have had fome Prejudice againft the ^erfons by whom the Difcoveries were made. It would be vain therefore and unreafonable in me to cxpcil to cfcape the Cenfure of all, or to hope for A i better J ' • ' »« \r£i f!< I lilli i The TREhACE. better Treatment than far Worthier Pcrfons have nut with before me. But this Satisfa£tion J am llirc of having, that the Things them- felves in the Difcovcry of which I have been imploycd, arc mofl worthy of our diligenteft Search and Inquiry j being the various and wonderful Works of God in different Parts of the World : And however unfit a T erf on 1 may be in other refpeds to have undertaken this Task, yet at lead I have given a faithful Account, and have found fome Things undif- covered by any before, and which may at lead be fome Aflirtancc and Direction to better qua- lirtcd Pcrfons who (hall come after me. It has been objected againfl me by fomc,thatmy Accounts and Dcfcriptions of Things are dry and jejune, not filled with variety of pleafant Mat- ter, to divert and gratify the Curious Reader. How far this is true, 1 mufl leave to the World to judge. But if I have been exaftly and ftridly careful to give only True Relations and Dcfcrip- tions of Things ('as I am furc I have i) and if my Dcfcriptions be fuch as may be of ufc not on- ly to my felf (which I have already in good meafurc experienced) but allb to others in future Voyages; and likcwifc to fuch Readers at home as are more defirous of a Plain and Jufl Account of the true Nature and State of the Things defcribed, than of a Polite and Rheto- rical Narrative: I hope all the Defcds in my Stilc> will meet with an cafy and ready Par- don. Others The T RE FACE. Others have taxed mc with borrowing from other Men's Journals ; and wirh Infufficiency, as it' I was not my Lif the Author oi what I write, but pubHfhed Things digcllcd and drawn up by others. As to the tirQ Parr of this Objc- ftion, I aflurc the Reader, I have taken no- thing from any Man without mentioning liis Name, except fome very few Relations and particular Obfervations received from credible Pcrfons who defired not to be named j and thefc I have always cxprclTly diftinguifhed in my Books, from what 1 relate as ot my own oblcrving. And as to the latter ; I think it fo far from being a Diminution to one of my Education and Employment, to have what I write, Rcvifed and Corrcdcd by Friends ; that on the contrary, the belt and mod eminent Authors arc not afhamcd to own the lame Thing, and look upon it as an Advan- tage. Laftly, I know there are fomc who arc apt to (light my Accounts and Defcriptions of Things, as if it was an eafie Matter and of little or no Difficulty to do all that 1 have done, to vifit little more than the Coafts of unknown Countries, and make fhort and im- pcrfed Obfervations of Things only near the Shore. But whoever is experienced in thcfe Matters, or confiders Things impartially, will be of a very different Opinion. And any one who is fenfible, how backward and refradory the Seamen arc apt to be in long Voyages A 4 when 1! ,1 I' ■M If I . -.. ti The TREFJCE. when they know not whither they arc going,' how ignorant they arc of the Nature of the Winds and the fhifting Seafons of the Mon- foons, and how Uttle even the Officers them- fclvcs generally are skilled in the Variation of xhz Kcedlc and the Ufe of the Azimuth Compafs } befides the Hazard of all outward Accidents in ftrange and unknown Seas: Any one, 1 fay, who is fenfible of thcfe Dif- cultics, will be much more pleafed at the Dilcoverics and Obfervations I have been able to make, than difpleafed with me that I did not make more. Thus much I thought neceflary to premife in my own Vindication, againft the Objedions thit have been made to my former Perform- ances. Dut not to trouble the Reader any further with Matters of this Nature 5 what I have more to ofFc*, fhall be only in relation to the following Voyage. For the better apprehending the Courfe of tliis Voyage, and the Situation of the Places m ntioned in it, 1 have here, as in the former Volumes, caufed a Map to be Ingraven, with a prick'd Line, reprefenting to the Eye the whole Thread of the Voyage at one Viewj befides Draughts and Figures of particular Places, to make the Delcriptions 1 have given ot them more intelligible and ufeful. Moreover, which 1 had not the opportunity ot doing in my former Voyages 5 having now hud in the Ship with nie a Perfon skill'd in Drawing, The T RE FACE. Drawing, 1 have by this means been enabled, for the greater Satisfaction of the Curious Reader, to prcfent him with exaft Cuts and Figures of fcvcral of the principal and moft remarkable of thofe Birds, Beafts> Fifiies and Pimts, which are defcribed in the following t Narrative ; and alfo of ievcral, which not be- ing able to give any better or fo good aa Account of, as by caufing them to be exaftly Ingraven, the Reader will not find any further Dcfcription of them, but only that they were found in fuch or fuch particular Countries. The Plants themfelves are in the Hands of the Ingenious Dr. Woodward. I could have caufed many others to be drawn in like manner, but that I refolved to confine my felf to fuch only, as had fome very remarkable difference in the Shape of their principal Parts from any that arc found in Eur of e. 1 have befidcs feveral Birds and Fifhes ready drawn, which I could not put into the prefent Volume, becaufe they were found in Countries, to the Defcription where- of the following Narrative does not reach. For, being obliged to prepare for another Voy- age, fooncr than 1 at firft expedcd ; I have not been able to continue the enfuing Narrative any further than to my Departure from the Coaft of Kew Holland, But, if it pleaie God that I rtiurn again fafe., the Reader may ex- pcd a ''continuation of this Voyage from my departure from New Holland^ till the foun- dling of my Ship near the Ifland of Af- cinjion. In U if-i *. ui The "PREFACE. In the mean time, to make the Narrative in fomc meafure compleat, I fhall here add a Summary Abftraft of that latter part df the Voyage, whereof 1 have not had time to draw out of my Journals a full and particular Ac- count at large. Departing therefore from the Coaft of New Holland in the beginning of .September^ 1699. (for the Reafons mentioned ^age 107.) we r rived at Timor ^ Sept, 15. and anchored off that Ifland. On the 24th we obtained a fmall Supply of frefh Water from the Governor of a T)utch Fort and Fadory there ; we found alio there a T^ortu- guefe Settlement, and were kindly treated by them. On the 3d of December we arrived on the Coaft of New Guinea j where we found good frefh Water, and had Commerce with the Inhabitants of a certain Ifland call'd ^ulo- Sabuti, After which, pafllng to the North- ward, we ranged along the Coaft to the Eafter- moft Part of New Guineas which I found docs not join to the main Land of New Guinea, but is an Ifland, as I have defcribed it in my Map, and call'd it New-Britain, It is probable this Ifland may afford many rich Commodities, and the Natives may be eafily brought to Commerce. But the many Difficulties 1 at this time met with, the want of Convenience to clean my Ship, the few- nefs of my Men, their Defire to haften home, and the Danger of continuing in thefe Cir- cumftances in Seas where the Shoals and Coafts were were utt out with hindred prelent been abl Service, and no endeavoi ever I Hands. May ] June 21 July 4, 1 went a defired tt I wantec Road we ing 5 wh my felf and the \ wards E Batavia, the Cap( Jan* ir, on the 3 of ./^fcen fprung a foundred afhore, '< and on great Cc Mountaii the "PREFACE, were utterly unknown, and muft be fcarchcd out with much Caution and length of Time 5 hindred me from profecuting any further at prclent my intended Search. What I have been able to do in this Matter for the Publick Service, will, 1 hope, be candidly received ; and no Difficulties (hall difcourage me from endeavouring to promote the fame End, when- ever 1 have an Opportunity put into my Hands. May 1 8. in our Return, we arrived at Timor* June 2 1 , we paft by part of the Ifland Java* July 4, we anchored in Batavia-Kozd s and 1 went afhore, vifited the T>uUh General, and defired the Privilege of buying Provifions that I wanted, which was granted me. Iii this Road we lay till the 17th of OEiober follow- ing ; when, having fitted the Ship, recruited my felf with Provifions, filled all my Water, and the Seafon of the Year for returning to- wards Europe being come 5 I fet Sail from Batavia, and on the 1 9th of December made the Cape of Good Hope--, whence departing Jan* I r, we made the Ifland of Santa Hellena on the 31ft; and February the 21ft, the Ifland of Afcenfion j near to which my Ship, having fprung a Leak which could not be flopped, foundrcd at Sea; with much difficulty we got afhore, where we liv'd on Goats and Turtle > and on the 26th of February found, to our great Comfort, on the S. E. Side of a high Mountain, about half a Mile from its Top, a Spring- }'^n',m t':|!-c '\n r^ I ■i> ,i; H I : ! 4^ ne "PREFACE. Spring of frcfh Water. I returned to Eng- land in the Canterbury Eaft-lndia-SK\^, For which wonderful Deliverance from fo many and great Dangers, I think my felf bound to return continual Thanks to Almighty God 5 whofe Divine Providence if it (hall plcafe to bring me fafe again to my Native Country from my prefcnt intended Voyage 5 I hope to publifh a particular Account of ail the material Things I obferved in the feveral Places which I have now but barely mentioned. ^':* ii C( Cham iHand and \ r, L and Comm njerno the i rival its Si Torti hats. Its S and c ihf t For rtany d to iod 5 z to ntry c to erial hich •^BA MMA Aflm 4JM* atfMA «4Mft aAkt ttfHM •^■c a^Mi A^Ma ^^B* j^ fim £ra d^ nn ws Qi^ OKI ji^ THE CONTENTS. CHAP. I. ^W^HE A! 5 departure from /^^ Downs. \^ A Caution to thafe who fail in the Channel. His Arrival at the Canary - Iflands. Santa Cruz in TcnerifFe ; the Road and Town, and Spanifh Wreck. Laguna T. Lake and Country i and Oratavia Tl and Road. Of the Wines and other Commodities of TenerifFe, ^c. and the Go- pernors at Laguna and Santa Cruz. Of the Winds in thefe Seas. The As Ar- rival at Mayo. Cff the C. Verd Iflands ; Its Salt'fondy compar'd with that of Salt Tortuga ; its Trade for Salt, and Frape- boats. Its Vegetables^ Silk-Cotton, &c. Its Soil, and Towns 5 its Guincz-Hen'Sf and other Fowls, Beafts, and Fijh. Of ihf Sea-Turtles, &c. laying in the Wet Seafon, ampiefi ill 'An. 1699* |g9) fOi 100) «^ tSSK l&S) il£9) 10(3) i0@) i&9 DJMTlER's Voyages. VOL. III. Jl Voyage to Terra Auftralis. II'. s» ?r5 CHAP. I. Iht A.'s D^arture fro^ the Downs. A Caufhn t9 thoft wh» fail in the Channel. His Arrival at the Caiiary>Iilands. Santa Cruz in TenerifTe; the Road and Town, and SpaniHi Wreck. Laguna T. Lal^e and Country ; and Oratavia T. and Road, Of the Wines and other Commodities of TenerifTe, &c. and tha Cevernours at Laguna and Santa Cruz. Of the Winds in theft Seas. The A's Arrival at Mayo, one of the C. Verd Iflandl ; its Salt-pond, compared with that of Sz\X-Toxi\s%t\ its Trade Jor Salt, and Ftipe-toats. Its Vegetables, Silk-Cotton, &C. Its Soil, and Towns , its Guinea>Hf»'i, and other Fowls, Beafis, andF'tfh. Of the Sea-Turtle's (8cc.) la'jing in the wet Stafon. Of the Natives, their Trade and Livelihood. The A*s Arrival at 7. St. Jago, and St. Jago Town. Of the Inhahitants, and their CommodUtes. Of the Cufiard- Apple, and the Papab^ 47. Jago Road, J. f^'ogo. ISail'd from the 'Downs early on Saiurday^ Jan, 14. 1691. with a fair Wind, in his Majefty's Ship the Roe-hucky carrying but 12 Guns in this Voyage, and 50 Men and Boys, with 20 Month's Proviiion. Wc had feveral of the King's Ships in Company, bound for Spit-head and Plimouth ; and by Noon we were off Dungenefs. We parted from them that Night, and flood down the Channel, but tound our felvcs next Morning nearer the French Vol. III. B Coaft J/- t' ■^1?" >! ■;.'
  • /making it the more publick. Kiia'and. ]sjot to trouble the Reader with every Day's Run, nor with the "Winds or Weather (but only in the remoter Parts, where it may be more particularly ufefiil) ftivnding away froai C. la Hague, we made the '^^ari about 5 that Afternoon •, \'hich being the laft Land we f^w of England, we reCiton'd our De- })artLirc from thence: Tho* we had rather have ta- ' ken it from the Lizard, if the hazy Weather would luve fuffer'd us to have feen it. The firfl" Land we faw after we were out of the Channel was C. Fwifterre, which we made on the 19th -, and on the 28th made Lancerota, one of the Canary Iflands ; of which, and of Alkgrance, ano- ther of them, I have here given the Sights, as they both appcard to us at two feveral Bearings and Di llanccs. [Table I. N^. i, 2.] W'c were now ilanding away for the Ifland I'ene- ^ nffi::^ where I intended to take in fome Wine and Brandy for my \''oyage. On Sicuiay, half an hour paft laneeirota jA^u/ •ii 1^' ■i i ii ,]■ 111: ' I ; it'; ' V 4M ( L 'ill- ^fe ..^ I \^ »»*••*• ^ " •••*»' ;An »t>\!. ^::'!i' i. -x 'V J. Alleg paft 3 in ti croudcd in Point of th But being t get in bcfor liberating w ac Oratavia fide of the South i and I chofc Sant at this Tim that Sort o! for my Vo Jan. 30th, Ground ; a which Diflai b'el. N°. 3 In the Ro Fathom-wat Shore at fai they muft ri generally hig This Koad li that SiJe ma afhore in Boj often forced or flip their I'he bell and C'ove, aboui where there lade here are i.ule at Grata' I'-nd their Bo Port for We £nd then all S this Waterini Ports-, whicl ^■^ Coaft cor I A. fm.'^-»r v/-\«»-»-r'.< . -WI-V-* ,»» t" J. Allcgfancc, J. Tcncr. Santa Cruz Rodd^ - i paft 3 in the Afternoon, we made the Ifland, and -^i». 1699. croudcd in with all our Sails till 5 ; when the N. E. ^-OTN* Point of the Ifle bore W. S. W. dill. 7 Leagues : But being then fo tar off that I could not expcA to get in before Night, I lay by till next Morning, de- liberating whether 1 Ihould put in at Santa Cruz, or at Oratavia^ the one on the E. the other on the W. fide of the Ifland •, which lies moftly North and South i and thefeare the principal Ports on each Side. I chofc Santa Cruz as the better Harbour fefpecially at this Time of the Year) and as beft furnifli'd with that Sort of Wine which I had occafion to take in for my Voyage : So there I come to an Anchor Jan. 30th, in 33 Fathom -water, black flimy Ground ; about half a Mile from the Shore-, from which Diftance I took the Sight of the Town [Ta- b'el. N<>. 3.] In the Road, Ships muft ride in 30, 40, or 50 Fathom-water, not above half a Mile from the Shore at fartheft : And if there are many Ships, they muft ride ciofe one by another. The Shore is generally high Land, and in moft Places fteep too. This Road lies fo open to the Eaft, that Winds from that Side make a great Swell, and very bad going afhore in Boats : The Ships that ride here are then often forced to put to Sea, and fometimes to cue or flip their A.ncnors, not being able to weigh them. The beft and fmootheft Landing is in a fmall fandy Cove, about a Mile to the N. E. of the Road, where there is good Water, with which Ships that lade here are fupply'd •, and many Times Ships that i.ide at Oratavia, which is the chief Port for Trade, lend their Boats hither for Water. That is a worfe Port for Wefterly than this is for Eafterly Winds ; and then all Ships that are there put to Sea. Between this Watering-place and Sanfa Cruz are two little Forts ; which with feme Batteries fcatter'd along tne Coaft command the Road. SarJa Cruz its felf B 2 is »' I::. il mM J •, I tinii! 4 T.andff^recks. Way from S. Cruz to Laguna. ■J*"' '^9 is a fmall unwalled Town fronting the Sea, guarded ^^^*^ with two other Forts to fecure the Road. There are about 200 Houfes in the Town, all two Stories high, ftrongly built with Stone^ and covered with Pantile. Ic hath two Convents and one Church, which are the bed Buildings in the Town. The Forts here could not fecure the Spanijh Galleons from Admiral Blake^ tho' they hall*d in clofe under the main Fort. Many of the Inhabitants that are now living remember that Aftion j in which the Englijh batter*d the Town, and did it much Damage j and the Marks of the Shot dill remain in the Fort- Walls. The Wrecks of the Galleons that were burnt here, lie in 1 5 Fathom-water : And 'tis faid that moll of the Plate lies there, tho* fome of it was haftily carried afhore at Blake's coming in Sight. Soon after I had anchor'd I went alhore here to the Governour of the Town, who receiv*d me very kindly, and invited me to dine with him.the next Day. I rccurn'd on Board in the Evening, and went a- fnore again with two of my Officers the next Morn- ing i hoping to get up the Hill Time enough to fee Laguna, the principal Town, and lo be back again to dine with the Governour of Santa Cruz ; for I was told that Laguna war, but 3 Miles off. The Road is all the way up a petty fteep Hill ; yet not fo deep but that Carts go up and down laden. There arc Publick Houfes fcattering by the Way-fide, where we got Tome Wine. The Land on each Side fecmrd to be but rocky and dry ; yet in many Places wc law S))ocs of green flourilhing Corn. At far- ther Difiances there were fmall Vineyards by the Sides of the Mountains, intermixt with Abundance of wafle rocky Land, unfit for Cultivation, which ah'ordcd only Dildo-buflies. It was about 7 or 8 in the Morning when we fct out from Santa Cruz ; and it being liiir clear Weather, the Sun fhone very bright uiid v/aimed us lufficiently before we got to the the City j Clock, al frefh our ling-houfe li/h Mercl us handfc lhew*d us Laguna and make part of it J Houfes h and cover yet they a fair Buildi 2 Nunner Chapels ; Convents Francis, a pretty hig the Buildi they are n near the 1 which has ftrong Pril large Cond Town. T round with the middle crs, ^c. rious this v dens : Foi on the Bro and hath c( wind, whi fair -, fo th brisk, Day, co< vtry got to the Laguna T. and Gardens, the City Laguna ; which we reached about lo 2i-An^6p, Clock, all fweaty and tired, and were glad to re- ' frelh our felves with a little Wine in a forry Tip- ling-houfe : But we foon found out one of the Eng" lijh Merchants that refided here ; who entertained us handfomely at Dinner, and in the Afternoon ihew*d us the Town. Laguna is a pretty large well-compa(5led Town, and makes a very agreeable Profped. It ftands part of it againft a Hill, and part in a Level. The Houfes have moftly ftrong Walls built with Stone and covered with Pantile. They are not uniform, yet they appear pleafant enough. There are many fair Buildings -, among which are 2 Parifli-Churches, 2 Nunneries, an Hofpital, 4 Convents, and fome Chapels ; befides many Gentlemens Houfes. The Convents are thofe of St. Auftiny St. Dominick, St. Francis, and St. Diego, The two Churches have pretty high fquare Steeples, which top the reft of the Buildings. The Streets are not regular, yet they are mollly fpacious and pretty handfome •, and near the middle of the Town is a large Parade, which has good Buildings about it. There is a ftrong Prifon on one Side of it s near which is a large Conduit of good Water, that fupplies all the Town. I'hey have many Gardens which are fet round with Oranges, Limes, and other Fruits : In the middle of which are Pot-herbs, Sallading, Flow- crs, ^c. And indeed, if the Inhabitants were cu rious this way, they might have very pleafant Gar- dens : For as the Town ftands high from the Sea, on the Brow of a Plain that is all open to the Eaft, and hath confequently the Benefit of the true Trade- wind, which blowi here, and is moft commonly fair i fo there are feldom wanting at this Town, brisk, cooling, and refrelhing Breezes all the Piiy. B3 On = 1 %i \ ■..'i M . I > ' ; .{ I 'rPTi .■I »ii( li! 6 Laguna TIain, Lake^ &c. Pike of Ten. jf». 1699. On the Back of the Town there is al arge Plain ^•^^y^^ of 3 or 4 Leagues in length and 2 Miles wide, pro- ducing a thick kindly Sort of Grafs, which lookc green and very pleafant when I was there, like our Meadows in England in the Spring. On the Eaft- ftde of this Plain, very near the Back of the Town, there is a natural i-ake or Pond of frelh Water. It is about half a Mile in Circumference ; but being ftagnant, 'tis only us'd for Cattle to drink of. In the Winter-time feveral Sorts of wild Fowl refort hither affording Plenty of Game to the Inhabitants of Lagtma. This City is called Laguna from hence ; for that Word in Spanijh fignifies a Lake or Pond, rhe Plain is bounded on the W. the N. W. and the S. W. with high fteep Hills i as high above this Plain as this is above the Sea ; and *tis from the Foot of one of thcfe Mountains that the Water of the Conduit which fupplies the Town, is conveyed over the Plain, in Troughs of Stone rais'd upon PiiJars. And, indeed, confidering the Situation of the Town, its large Profpeft to the Eaft ffor from hence you fee the Grand Canary) its Gardens, cool Arbors, pleafant Plain, green Fields, the Pond and Aquedu6l, and its refrefhing Breezes i it is a very delightful Dwelling, efpecially for fuch as have not Buiinels that calls them far and often from Home : For the Ifland being generally mountainous, fteep and rrnggy, full of Rifings and Falhngs, *tis very irouuleloiriC Travelling up and down in it, unlefs in rile Cool of the Mornings and Evenings : And Mules and Afles are moft us*d by them, both for Kiding and Carriage, as fitteft for the ftony, une- ven Roads. Beyond the Mountains, on the S. W. fide, dill further up, you may fee from the Town and Plain a Imali j-eckcd Hill, overlooking the reft. This i\ ^luit wiiich is called v!ie Pike of 'T'cneriffe, fo much iiuitd for irs ih^ij.'^iuh : But we liivv it here at fo great > . a Difad- JVines, Oratavia. Vcrdona-tt;/;/^, Fruits, &c. 7 a Difadvantage, by Reafon of the Nearnefs of the ^». 1699: adjacent Mountains to us, that it looked inconfide- V^^ps^ rable in Refped to its Fame. The true Malmefj Wine grows in this Ifland ; and this here is faid to be the bed of its Kind in the World. Here is alfo Canav'j-J'Vine^ and Verdona^ or Green-wine. The Canary grows chiefly on the Weft-fide of the Ifland ; and therefore is commonly fent to Oratavia ; which being the chief Sea- port for Trade in the Ifland, the principal Englijh Merchants refide there, with their Conful •, becaufe we have a great Trade for this Wine. I was told, that that Town is bigger than Laguna ♦, that it has but one Church, but many Convents : That the Port is but ordinary at beft, and is very bad when the N. W. Winds blow. Thefe Norwefters give notice of their Coming , by a great Sea that tumbles in on the Shore for fome Time before they come, and i by a black Sky in the N. W. Upon thefe i Signs Ships either get up their Anchors, or flip their Cables and put to Sea, and ply oft^ and on till the W^eather is over. Sometimes they are forced to do fo 2 or 3 Times before they can take in I their Lading \ which 'tis hard to do here in the fair* I eft Weather : And for frefli Water, they fend, as I have faid, to Santa Cruz, f^erdona is green, ftrong- bodied Wine, harfher and fliarper than Canary, 'Tis not fo much efteemed in Europe^ but is ex- ported to the Weft-IndieSy and will keep beft in hot Countries •, for which Reafon I touched he»e to taka in fome of it for my Voyage. This Sort of Wine is made chiefly on the Eaft-fide of the Ifland, and Ihipt ofiT at Santa C}'uz. Befides thefe Wines, which are yearly vended in great Plenty from the Canary Iflands Cchiefly from Grand Canary, Teneriffe, and Palma) here is Store of Grain, as Wheat, Barly and Maiz, which they of- ten tranfport to other Places. They have alfo fomq B 4 Beans ■'1! . h I }' 'I'!'!! -in ::i' 111 ^w • » I J il n^'i' '1 4,1 'Pi II ijii ,1 /s g j^nimals and Trade of the Canaries.' 'An. 1699. Beans and Peas, and Coches, a Sort of Grain much ^^y^ like Maiz, fow*d moftly to fatten Land. They have Papah's, which I Ihall fpeak more of hereafter •, Apples, Pears, Plumbs, Cherries, and excellent Peaches, Apricocks, Guava's, Pomegranates, Ci- trons, Oranges, Lemons, Limes, Pumpkins, Oni- ons the beft in the World, Cabbages, Turnips, Po- tato's, Cffr. They are alfo well Itocked with Hor- fes. Cows, Afles, Mules, Sheep, Goats, Hogs, Conies, and Plenty of Deer» The Lancerot Horfes are faid to be the moft mcttlefome, fleet, and loy- al Horfts that are. Laftly, here are many Fowls, as Cocks and Hens, Ducks, Pidgeons, Partridges, 6fr. with Plenty of Filh, as Mackril, ^c. All the Canary Iflands have of thefe Commodities and Pro- vifions more or lefs : But as Lancerota is moft fam*d for Horfes, and Grand Canary, 'Teneriffe^ and Pal- ma for Wines, 'Tenerijff'e efpecially for the beft Malmefy, Cfor which Reafon thefe 3 Iflands have the chief Trade j fo is Forteventura for Dunghil-Fowls, and Gomera for Deer. Fowls and other Eatables are dear on the Trading Iflands •, but very plentiful and cheap on the other •, and therefore 'tis beft for fuch Ships that are going out on long Voyages, and who defign to take in but little Wine, to touch ra- ther at thefe iaft ; where alfo they may be fupply'd with Wine enough, good and cheap : And for my own Part, if I had known before I came hither, I /hould have gone rather to one of thofe Iflands than to 'TfKerife: But enough of this. 'Tis rrporfed they can raife i?.ooo armed Men on this Ifland. The Governor or General fas he is call'd) of all x\\c' Canary Illands lives at Lagnna: Kis Name is Den Pedro dc Panto. He is a Native of this Ifl.md, and was not long fince Prefident of Pa- •nama in the Svuth 6Vjj ; who bringing fome very ricli Ft'nrls from thence, which he prefcnted to the Cjijieitn of SjhTiH, was therefore, as 'tis faiJ, made Generuil Govern, at Lugnman^ S. Cruz. Trade-PFind. 9 General of the Canary Iflands. The Grand Canary An. 1699. is an Ifland much fuperiour to Teneriffe both in Bulk ^««^V^ and Value ; but this Gentleman chufes rather to re- fide in this his native Ifland. He has the Chara- fter of a very worthy Perfon •, and governs With Moderation and Juftice, being very well ber loved. One of his Deputies was the Governor of Santa Cruz, with whom I was to have din'd ; but (laying (o long at Laguna, x came but Time enough to fup with him. He is a civil, difcreet Man. He refidcs in the main Fort clofe by the Sea. There is a Cen- tinel (lands at his Door ; and he has a few Servants to wait on him. I was treated in a large dark lower Room, which has but one fmall Window. There were about 200 Muskets hung-up againft the Walls, and fome Pikes •, no WainTcot, Hangings, nor much Furniture. There was only a fmall old Table, a few old Chairs, and 2 or 3 pretty long Forms to fit on. Having fupp'd with him, I invited him on Board, and went off in my Boat. The next Morn- ing he came aboard with another Gentleman in his Company, attended by 2 Servants : But he was prc- fently Sca-fick, and fo much out of order, that he could fcarce eat or drink any Thing, but went quickly alhore again. l^Iaving refrelh'd my Men afliore, and taken in what \ye had occafion for, I fail*d away from Santa Cruz on Feb. 4. in the Afternoon ; haftening out all I could, becaufe the N. E. Winds growing ftormy made fo great Sea, that the Ship was fcarce fafe in the Road i and I was glad to get out, tho' we left behind feveral Goods we had bought and paid for : For a Boat could not go afhore •, and the Strefs was fo great in weighing Anchor, that the Cable broke. I defign'd next for the I. of Afayo, one of the C, Verd Iflands j and ran away with a llrong N. E, Wind, right afore it, all that Night and the next Day. Si ^M I 'I J',; ti ■I ill n .»,'i '?r i-i'iii f) fj, ' i'^ t < •(, I !iil|!{ |i I i't M'! .fill TO Pike of Ten. J. Mayo, one of the C. Verd's.' ^11^699. Day, at the Rate of 10 or 11 Miles an Hour; when it flackened to a more moderate Gale. The Canary Iflands are, for their Latitude, within the u- fual Verge of^ the true or general Trade- Wind 5 which I have obierv'd to be, on this Side the Equa- tor, N. Eafterly : But then lying not far from th» African Shore, they are moft fubjedt to a N. Wind, which is the Coajiing and conjlant Trade^ fweeping that Coaft down as low as to C. Ferd ; which fpread- ing in Breadth, takes in moftly the Canary Iflands ; tho' it be there interrupted frequently with the true Trade- Wind, N. Weft- Winds, or other Shifts of Wind that Iflands are fubje6t to ; efpecially where they lie many together. The Pike of Teneriffe^ which had generally been clouded while we lay at Santa Cruz^ appear'd now all white with Snow, ho- vering over the other Hills ; but their Height made it feem the lefs confiderable -, for it looks moft re- markable to Ships that are to the Weftward of it. We liad brisk N. N. E. and N. E. Winds from Te- neriffe \ and faw Flying-fifli, and a great deal of Sea- thiiile Weed floating. By the 9th of Feb, at Noon we were in the 1-at. of 15 d. 4 m. fo we fteered a way W. N. W. for the I. of Ma\o^ being by Judg- ment, not far to the E. of it, and at 8 a Clock in the Evening lay by till Day. The Wind was then at W. by South, and lb it continued all Night, fair Wcitr.er, and a fmall cafy Gale. All thefe were great Signs, that we were near fome Land, after ha- ving had fiich conftant brisk Winds before. In the Morning after Sun-rife, wc fiw the Ifland at about 4 Leagues diftance. But it was fo hazy over it, that we could fee but a fmall Part of it •, yet even by that Part I knew it to be the Ille of Ma^^o. See how ic appear'd tf) us at feveral /'irzvs, as we were companingthe }',. the S. E. and the S. of it, to get to liic Ro.ul, on the S. W. of ir, j fable 11. N*^. 1, 2, 3. ! and riie Ro;k1 it iVlf [N^ 4.] ^ , , ""' loot Uj H' ft i! n I' t li tb* m M < ' ij B1 i\ ! n i H i!i!.:i :il' f.jl »*>t ,^jttj^^'* I got not come to an ward Part o never to anc the Tropick Fathom clea three quarte Place where and found i Merchant ^ welcomed n Thanks, h lilands ', and He was tak and was ver being before of Jate Yean the Cape Fg) I have giv and of other mrU, [Vo further Obf Voyage. T Circumferen( fmall rocky '. or more. ItJ thelfle, whe will fee the '^ which you m fail'd at this (land, but Points^ and ing of the W and N. N. V lye farther o There are 2 Heighthj 01 The reft of t Coafls of J. Mayo. it I got not in till the next DaJ', Feb, 1 1. when \An. 1699. come to an Anchor in the Road, which is the Lee- ^•'Y^O ward Part of the Ifland j for 'tis a general Rule, never to anchor to Wind-ward of an Illand between the Tropicks. We anchored at 11 a Clock in 14 Fathom clean Sand, and very fmooth Water, about three quarters of a Mile from the Shore, in the fame Place where I anchor'd in my Voyage round the JVorldi and found riding here the Newport of London^ a Merchant Man, Captain Bart-foot Commander, who welcomed me with 3 Guns, and I returned one for Thanks. He came from Fa'^al one of the IVejlern Iflands i and had Store of Wine and Brandy aboard. He was taking in Salt to carry to New-found-laud^ and was very glad to fee one of the King's Ships, being before our coming afraid of Py rates •, which, of late Years, had much infefted this and the reft of the Cape Verd Iflands. I have given fome Account of the Ifland of Mayo^ and of other of thefe Iflands, in my Voyage round thg Worlds [Vol. I. p. 70.] but I fliall now add fome further Obfervations that occurred to me in this Voyage. The I. of Mayo is about 7 Leagues in Circumference, of a roundifli Form, with many fmall rocky Points fliooting out into the Sea a Mile, or more. Its Lat. is 1 5 d. N. and as you fail about the Ifle, when you come pretty nigh the Shore, you will fee the Water breaking off from thofe Points ; which you mud give a Birth to, and avoid them. I fail'd at this Time two Parts in three round the I- fland, but faw nothing dangerous befides thefe Points ^ and they all fliew'd rhemfelves by the Break- ing of the Water : Yet 'tis reported, that on the N. and N. N. W. Side there are dangerous S holes, that lye farther oiF at Sea ; but I was not on that Side. There are 2 Hills on this Ifland of a confiderablc Heighth j one pretty bluff, the other peeked at top. The reft of the Ifland is pretty level, and of a good ■-'i Heighth i 'i i i . '.! J 1 1 -hW: ( t! I! 1 ■ ,1.1 ( ' I li fi xt Salt Tond of ].^\yo. Salt kerning, >fi». \690.Heighth from the Sea. The Shore clear round ^^^^"^ hath Tandy Bays, between the rocky Points I fpakc of *« and the whole Ifland is a very dry Sort of Soil. On the Weft-fide of the Ifle where the Road for Ships is, there is a large fandy Bay, and a Sand- bank, of about 40 Paces wide within it, which runs along the Shore 2 or 3 Miles \ within which there is a lar^c Salina or Salt-pond, contained between the Sand bank and the Hills beyond it. The whole Salina is about 2 Miles in length, and half a Mile wide -, but above one half of it is commonly dry. The North End only of the Pond never wants Wa- ter, producing Salt from November till Ma% which is here the dry Seafon of the Year. The Water which yields this Salt, works in from out of the Sea through a Hole in the Sand-bank before-menti- oned, like a Sluce, and that only in Spring-tides ; when it fills the Pond more or lefs, according to the Height of the I'ides. If there is any Salt in the Ponds when the Flulh of Water comes in, it prcfcitly diflblves : But then in 2 or 3 Days after it begins '■o kern i and fo continues kerning till either all, or the greatclV part of the Salt-water is con- geal'd or kern'd -, or till a frefli Supply of it comes in again from the Sea. This Water is known to coi^w in only at that one PaflTage on the N. part of the Pond ; where alfo it is deepeft. It was at a Spring of the New Moon when I was there ; and I was told that it comes in at no other Time but at the New Moon Spring-tides : But why that (hould be I can't guefs. They who come hither to lade Salt rake it up as it kerns, and lay it in Heaps on the dry Land, before the Water breaks in a-new : And this is obfervable of this Salt-pond, that the Salt kerns only in the dry Seafon, contrary to the Salt-ponds in the fi^eft- Indies, particularly thofe of the iPand Salt-'Tortuga^ which J have formerly men- tioned tinned [Vt till the Ra to do fo i Seafon laft of Rain fir between th Weft-Indies, and the fo Philofophc Our Na and have Guard of < in J of wh Years ther If cofts no ther, and \ riage : Am having Pit to do be fid the Sea-fid( Inhabitants ing very gl any other 1 Pond is n( place, fo in a Day. and fro boi Owners wil lies a Frapi the Salt. a Deck re* Boat; whc not from t the Deck, very tight, from daihi Head to tl: monly run and Trade, ^ta^^t-boats defctibed. ij tloncd [Vbl. I. p. 56.J for they never kern there ^fw. 1699. till the Rains come in about April \ and continue ^^^VX^ to do fo in Aftfy, June^ J^h-* ^^- while the wet Seafon lafts -, and not without fome good Shower of Rain firft : But the Rcafon alfo of this Difference between the Salt-ponds of Mayo, and thofe of the Weft-Indies^ why thcfe fhould kern in the wet Seafon* and the former in the dry Seafon, I fliall leave to Philofophers. Our Nation drives here a great Trade for Salt, and have commonly a Man of War here for the Guard of our Ships and Barks that come to take it in i of which I have been inform*d that in fome Years there have not been Iffs than 100 in a Year. It cofts nothing but Men's Labour to rake it toge- ther, and wheel it out of the Pond, except the Car- riage : And that alfo is very cheap j the Inhabitants having Plenty of Affes, for which they have little to do be fides carrying the Salt from the Ponds to the Sea-fide at the Seafon when Ships are here. The Inhabitants lade and drive their Afies themfelves, be- ing very glad to be imploy*d s for they have fcarce any other Trade but this to get a Penny by. The Pond is not above half a Mile from the Landing- place, fo that the AlTes make a great many Trips in a Day. They have a fet Number of Turns to and fro both Forenoon and Afternoon, which their Owners will not exceed. At the Landing-place there lies a ir^p^-boat, as our Seamen call it, to take in the Salt. *Tis made purpofely for this Ufe, with a Deck reaching from the Stern a third Part of the Boat i where there is a kind of Bulk-head that rifes, not from the Boat's Bottom, but from the Edge of the Deck, to about 2 Foot in Heighrh ; all calk'd very tight. The Ufe of it is to keep the Waves from dalhing into the Boat, when it lies with its Head to the Shore, to take in Salt : For here com- monly runs a great Sea j and when the Boat lies fo with % t •■ i t\ M , ' t !( 14 Tn^c-lfoafs defcribed. \dn. 1699 with its Head to the Shore, the Sea breaks in ovcf ^^V^ the Stern, and won Id loon fill it, was it not for this Bulk-head, which Hops the Waves that come flowing upon the Deck, and makes them run off into the Sea on each Side. To keep the Boat thus with the Head to the Shore, and the Stern to the Sea, there are two llrong Stantions let up in the Boat i the one at the Head, the other in the Middle of it, againft the Bulk-head, and a Foot higher than the Bulk-head. There is a large Notch cut in the Top of each of thefe Stantions big enough for a fmall Hazcr or Rope to lie in » one End of which is faflcn'd to a Port: alliore, and the other to a Grap- Jing or Anchor lying a pretty way off at Sea : This Kopc I'ervcth to hale the Boat in and out, and the Stantions ferve to keep her faft, fo that fhe cannot fwing to either Side when the Rope is hal'd tight : For th« Sea would elfe fill her, or tofs her afhorc and fl-iive her. The better to prevent her Having and to keep her the tighter together, there are two Sets of Ropes more : The firlt going athwart from Gunniil ro Ciunnal, which, when the Rowers Ben- ches arc laid, bind the Boats Sides fo hard againft the Knds of the Benches that they cannot eafily fall afundcr, while the Benches and Rop " mutually help each other ; the Ropes keeping the Boat's Sides from flying ofi, and the Benches from being crulh'd to- gether inwards. Or thcfe Ropes there are ufually but two, dividing the Boat's length, as they go a- crofb the Sides, into there equal Parts. The other Set of Ropes aie more in Number, and are fo pliic'd as to keep the Ribs and P'''.nks of the Boat from llarring off^. For this Purpole there are Holes made ar ceriuin Diftancfs through the Edge of the Keel that runs along on the Infide of the Boat; thro'igh which thefe Ropes palTing are laid along the Ribs, fo as to line them, or be themfelves as Ribs upon them, being made fafl to them by Rat- tan' 3 }rapc-^*/J hoiumana^d, I. Mayo. Silk Cotton, 1 5 tan*s brought thither, or fmall CorJs twilled clofe>f» 169^ about both Hopes and K»bs, up to the Gunnal : By V^O/'Ni which Means tho' feveral ot the Nails or Pegs o\ the Boat Hiould by any Shock fall out, yet tlic Hopes of thel'e two Sets might iiold her together : Klpe- tially svith the Help ot a Hope going quite round u- boiit the Gunnal on tht out-lidc, as our Long-boats have. And fuch is the Care taken toltrengthen the Boats i from which girding them with Hopes, wliich our Seamen call traping^ they iiave the Name ^ of Frape-boats. Two Men iMffice to hale her in and out, and take in the Salt from Shore (which is brought in Bags^ and put it out again. As foon as the Boat is brought nigh enough to the Shore, he who Hands by the Bulk-head takes inftantly a turn with the Hazer about the Bulk-head-Stantion •, and that flops her faft before the Sea can turn her afide : And when the two Men have got in their Lading, they hale off to Sea, till they come a little without the Swell j where they remove the Salt into another Boat that carries it on board the Ship. Without fuch a Frape-bozx. licre is but bad Landing at any Time : For tho' *tis commonly very fmooth in the Road, yet there falls a great Sea on the Shore, fo that every Ship that comes here fhould have fuch a Boat,, and bring, or make, or borrow one of other Ships th^c happen to be here *, for the Inhabitants have none. I have been thus particular in the Dcfcription of thefc /r^/'^-boats, becaule of the Ufe they may be of in any Plac^es where a great Sea falls in upon the Shore : as it doth efpecially in many open Roads in the Eajl znAWcJf- Indies \ where they might therefore be very krviceable-, but I never faw any of them there. The lOand Mayo is generally barren, being dry, .\s I faid i and the bed of it is but a very inditiercnc Soil. The fandy Bank that pens in the Salt-pond birh a Sort of Silk Cotton growing upon it, and a i^aat that runs along upon rhe Ground, brsncinng out ^ 1 W cr .U; :« i f iu'; : ! I : ■i f !■ !] ■ ' 1 6 Silk and »ther Cotton. Soil of I. Mayo. .Ah. 1699. out Jike a Vine, but with thick broad Leaves. The ^"^"y^^ Silk -Cotton grows on tender Shrubs, 3 or 4 Foot liigh, in Cods as big as an Apple, but of a long Shape •, which when ripe open at one End, parting leilurcly into 4 Quarters •, and at the firft opening the Cotton breaks forth. It may be of ufe for (tuft- ing of Pillows, or the like i but elfe is of no Value, any more than that of the great Cotton-tree. I took of thefc Cods before they were quite ripe, and laid them in my Chcft *, and in 2 or 3 Days they would open and throw out the Cotton. Others I h:ive bouncl fait with Strings, fo that the Cod could not open -, and in a few Days after, as foon as I flackned the String never fo little, the Cod would burfl, and the Cotton fly out forceably, at a very little Hole< jull as the Pulp out of a roalting Apple, till all has been out of the Cod. I met with this Sort of Cotton afterwards at Timor Cwherc it was ripe in November) and no where elfe in all my Travels ; but I found two other Sorts of Silk- cot- ton at Brazily which I (hall there defcribc. The riglit Cotton-fhrub grows here alfo, but not on the Sandbank. I faw fome Bufhes of it near the Shore i bift the mofl of it is planted in the Middle of the irie, where the Inhabitants live, Cotton-cloth being their chief Manufa«5turc •, but neither is there any great Store of this Cotton. There alfo are fomc Trees within the Ifland< but none to be feen near I he h\a-iide •, nothing but a few BuOies fcattering up and down againlt tiie Sides of the adjacent Hills i for, as I laid before, the Tand is pretty high from the Sea. The Soil is for the moft part cither a Sort of Sand, or looft- crumbling Stone, without any Irelh Water Pondb or Streams, to moilten it i but only Showers \n the WeL-fcafon, which run off as l.ilt as they fai] •, exc(-pt a fmall Spring in the Mid- t!!f uf the llle, Irom wiiich proceeds a liltle Stream ot W^ier that runs throLigli a Valley between the Hills, I K Hills. Tl Towns, And then Miles fror Town, an and the tl fmall, lo) here being biiild with The Fruit: ^1 Melons. '^ Pulfc like || ry Food. ^1 ]- ws, and ll lOiinds cal S but in Jan I in the dry to run aboi ilcns. 'i'hc Itridges. T I l.cgs, and v having larg I fhort 'I'ail.s I have feldor which their ing about. Birds have long Claws Ground, ci tearing onci arc plcntifu f[)fcklcd w rgular and tn.ui many 1 I '1 iicir Necl I but little. Crowns, lil^ lour of a dr I i4 I n 't. Towns, &c. Guinea- //^» J defer ibed, 17 Hills. There the Inhabitants live in three fmall^^w. 1699' Towns, having a Church and Padre in each Town : ^^^^/'^ And tlicfe 'I'ownv, as I was informed, are 6 or 7 Miles from the Road. Pinofs is faid to be the chief Town, and to have 2 Churches : St. John*s the next ; and the tiiird Lagoa. The Iloufcs are very mean ; Imajl, low Things. They build with Fig-tree •, here being, as I was told, no other Trees fit to b'lild with. The Kafrers are a Sort of wild Cane. The Fruits of this Ide are chiefly Figs, and Water- Melons. They have alfo Callavances fa Sort of Pulfc like French Beans j and Pumpkins, for ordina- ry Food. The Fowls are Flamingo's, Great Cur- 1. ws, and GuincaWi^n^ \ which the Natives of thofc iOands call Gallena Pintata^ or the Painted Men i but in Jamaica, where I have fcen alfo tliofe Birds in the dry Savannah's and Woods, (for they love 10 run about in fuch Placesj they are call'd Guinea- ilcns. 'J'hey feem to be much of the Nature of Par- tridges. They are bigger than our Hens, have long Legs, and willr>'n apace. They can fly too, but not far, having large heavy Bodies, and but fhort Wings and fhort Tails : As 1 have generally obferved that Birds have feldom long Tails unlefs fuch as fly mucli •, in which their Tails are ufually ferviceable to their turn- ing about, as a Rudder to a Ship or Boat. Thefc Birds have thick and ftrong, yet fliarp Bills, pretty long Claws, and fliort Tails. They feed on the Ground, cither on Worms, which they find by tearing open the Earth -, or on Grafhoppers, which arc plentiful here. The Feathers of thefe Birds arc fpf'ckled with dark and light Grey ; the Spots fo r.gular and uniform, that they look more beautiful tfuin many Birds that are deck'd with gayer Feathers. Tiicir Necks are fniall and long •, their Heads alfo but little, 'i he Cocks have a fmall Kifing on their frowns, like a Sort of a Comb. '1 is of the Co- lour of a dry Wallnut-fhell, and very hard. I'hey C liavc ■.i?'l !'; ' U .i i. u » I i ! ii:: I 1 ; ' I M ■ fi -.1 18 Birds and Beafis af I Mayo! \An. 1699. have a fmall red Gill on each fide of their Heads, ^^OT*^ Jike Ears, ftrutting out downwards *, but the Hens have none. They are lb flrong that one cannot hold them ; and very hardy. They are very good Meat, tender, and fwcct ; and in fome the Flelh is extraordinary white ; tho' fome others have black Flefh : But both Sorts are very good. The Natives take them with Dogs, running them down whene- ver they plcafc ; for here are Abvmdance of them. You ihall fee 2 or 300 in a Company. I had fe- veral brought aboard alive, where they throve ve- ry well ; fome of them 16 or 18 Months; when they began to pine. When they are taken young th^y will become tame like our Hens. The Flamin- go's I have already dcfcrib*d at large, [Vol. I. p. 79.] They have alfo many other Sort of Fowls, r;z. Pidgeons and Turtle-doves , Mmota*s, a Sort of Land-fowls as big as Crows, of a grey Colour, and good Food •, Crufta^s, another Sort of grey- colour'd Fowl almoft as big as a Crow, which are only feen in the Night (probably a Sort of Owlsj and are faid to be good for confumptive People, but eaten by none elfe. Rahek^s, a Sor^ of large grey eatable Fowls with long Necks and Legs, nut unlike Herons ; and many Kinds of fmall Birds. Of Land-Animals, here are Goats, as I faid for- merly, and Afies good Store. When I was here before they were faid to have had a great many Bulls and Cows : But the Pirates, who have fincc milerably infefted all thefe Wands, have much lef- fen'd the Number of thofe ; not having fpar'd the Inhabitants themfelves : for at my being there this 1 "iinc the Governor of Mayo was but newly return'd from being a Prifoner among them, they having ta- ken iiiin away, and carried him about with thtm for a luir or two. The FfJJj, ant TheS Sorts, vi Silver- fifl to hale a and to g j Time 6 1 I Mullets c I Here are ; I that comr already fa \ May, Jul fon) are tl thei, and on it as a Turtle Iho ticude, lay be thought ; then in for \ their Eggs ^ Rain, tho' wherein the fo deep int down the 1 than it was Reafbn ma Creatures tc ther than t Ihntiy obfc Turtle, but mals that la^ no's, i^c. their Gove Wool-pated whom 'tis li] Ms to the . Language. People, boi and they am leads, Hens ^ :annot good lelh is black Natives whene- them, lad fe- >ve ve- when young Flamin- [Vol. 1. Fowls, a Sort Mour, f grey- lich arc • Owlsj People, f large Legs, f fmali lid for- as here It many 'c fince luch lef- ,rM the re this eturn'd ' nng ta- Km for The F//7;, and laying of Turtle, The Nat. of I. Mayo. 1 9 The Sea is plentifully ftock'd with Filh of divers >f». 1699: Sorts, viz. Dolphins, Boneta's, Mullets, Snappers, VrfOf%/ Silver- fifh, Gar-fifli, ^c. and here is a good Bay to hale a Sain or Net in. I hal'd mine fcveral Times, and to good Purpofe ; dragging alhore at one Time 6 Dozen of great Fifh, molt of them largj Mullets of a Foot and a half or two Foot long. Here are alfo Porpofes, and a fmall Sort of "Whales, that commonly vifit this Road every Day. I have already faid, [Vol. I. p. ys.'\ That the Months of Af(^)', June^ July and Anguft^ (that is, the wet Sea- fon) are the Time when the green Turtle come hi- thei , and go alhore to lay their Eggs. I look up- on it as a Thing worth taking Notice of, that the Turtle fhould always, both in North and South La- titude, lay their Eggs in the wet Months. It might be thought, confiuering what great Rains there are then in fome Places where thefe Creatures lay, that their Eggs lliould be fpoiled by them. But the Rain, tho* violent, is foon foaked up by the Sand, wherein the Eggs are buried ; and perhaps finks not fo deep into it as the Eggs are laid : And keeping down the Heat may make the Sana hotter below than it was before, like a Hot-bed. Whatever the Reafon may be why Providence determines thefe Creatures to this Seafon of laying their Eggs, ra- ther than the dry, in Fa6l it is fo, as I have con- llantly obferv'd ; and that not only with the Sea- Turtle, but with all other Sorts of amphibious Ani- mals that lay Eggs ; as Crocodils, Alligators, Gua- no's, i^c. The Inhabitants of this Ifland, even their Governour and Padre*Sy are all Negro's, Wool-pated like their Jfrican-]>ie\ghbGurs ; from whom 'tis like they are defcended •, tho* being Sub- jeds to the Poriugcuze, they have their Religion and Language. They are ftout, luily, well-limb'd People, both Men and Women, fat and fleftiy i and they and their Children as round and plump as C 2 little JiMil 'I i , +: n: * ! I ' I < \i 20 Employments of the Natives] < 'I bl '^». 1699. little Porpofes ; tlio* the Ifland appears fo barren ^^^f^ to a Stranger as fcarce to have Food for its In- habitants. I inquired how many People there might be on the Ifle *, and was told by one of the Padre' ^ that here were 230 Souls in all. The Negro-Gover- nour has his Patent from the Portugiieze Governour of St. J^ig;''. He is a very civil and fcnfible poor Man -, and they are generally a good Sort of People. He expedls a fmall Prefent from every Commander that lades Salt here ; and is glad to be invited aboard their Ships. He fpends moft of his Time with the EngllJJj in the Salting Seafon, which is his Harveft ; and indeed, all the Iflanders arc then fully employed in getting fomewhat •, for they have no Veflels of their own to trade with, nor do any Poriugueze-Vti- lels come hither : fcarce any but Englifh^ on whom they depend for Trade : and tho' Subjefts of Portu- I gal^ have a particular Value for us. We don't pay them for their Salt, but for the Labour of them- felves and their Beatts in lading it : for which we gi\'c them Viduals, fome Money, and old Cloaths, iv's. Hats, Shirts, and other Cloaths : By which Means many of them are indifferently well rigg'd ; but fome of them go almoft naked. When the Tur- tle-feafon comes in they watch the Sandy-bays in the Night to turn them ; and having fmall Huts at particular Places on the Bays to keep them from the Rain, and to fleep in : And this is another Har- vell they have for Food ; for by Report there come a great many Turtle to this and the reft of the Cape Vcrd Iflandi, When the Turtle Seafon is over they have little to do, but to hunt for GuineaArltns^ and manage their fmall Plantations. But by thefe Means they have all the Year fome Employment or other j whereby they get a Subfiftence, tho' but little elfe. Wjicn any of them are dcfirous to go over to St. J.ago they get a Licence from the Governour, and de- lirc PalT.ige in any Englijb Ship that is going thither : And V ?* 'i 1 1 i 1 1" And inde liged to the Bay ii true ther half a Mi fes that c ter. A^i thefe IQai purpofely mrbadoes Map 6 I for my V< to this R Salt ; all The 19 in the Mo der to wa Leagues d Ifland St. it, Imenti call Prayt Eaft- India as heretofo Ho u fes an in to anchc on the S. A 8 a Clock Road, beir to keep T of Wind c iy to the L length two in J and at to an And [Table II. Port!{gU€ze- tow'd us ii fes at one c AJfes. r. St. Jago. Praya. ; come e Cap r they , and Means other i elfe. to St. ndde- ither : And And indeed all Ships that lade Salt here will be o liged to touch at St. Jago for Water, for here at the Bay is none, not fo much as for drinking. *Tis true there is a fmall Well of brackifli Water not half a Mile from the Landing-place, which the Af- fes that carry Salt drink at ; but 'tis very bad Wa- ter. AiTes themfelves are a Commodity in fome of thefe Idands, feveral of our Ships coming hither purpofely to freight with them, and carry them to mrbadoes and our other Plantations. I ftay*d at Ma'jo 6 Days, and got 7 or 8 Ton of Salt aboard for my Voyage : In which Time there came alio in- to this Road feveral Sail of Merchants Ships for Salt ; all bound with it for Newfoundland. The 19th Day of February, at about One a Clock in the Morning I weighed from Mayo-Road, in or- der to water at St, Jago, which was about 5 or 6 Leagues to the Weftward. We coafted along the Ifland St. Jago, and pad by the Port on the Eafl of ir, I mention'd formerly [Vol. I. p. y6.] which they call Praya -, where fome Englijh outward-bound Eajl-India Men ftill touch, but not fo many of them as heretofore. We faw the Fort upon the Hill, the Houfes and Coco-nut Trees : But I would not go in to anchor here, becaufe I expefted better Water on the S. W. of the Ifland, at St. Jago Town. By 8 a Clock in the Morning we faw the Ships in that Road, being within 3 Leagues of it : But were forc*d to keep Turning many Hours to get in, the Flaws of Wind coming fo uncertain -, as they do efpecial- ly to the Leeward 0^ Iflands that are high Land. At length two Portugueze'Qo2its came off to help tow us in » and about 3 a Clock in the Afternoon we came to an Anchor ♦, and took the Profped: of the Town, [Table IJ. N°. 5.] We found here, bcfides two PortuguezeS\\\^^ bound for Brazil, whofe Boats had tow'd us in, an Englijh Pink that had taken in Al- fes at one of the Cape Verd Iflands, and was bound C 3 . l^ 21 An 1699. 11 \. J ' •■' %\A- '1'. If i /^\ :' l\ l\ ( l\\ H tr Si il I 2 1 The A. arri'oes at St. Ja. T. St. Ja. T. defer ikd. Un. 1699. to Barhadoes with them. Next Morning I went a- ^"VX/ fhore with my Officers to the Governour, who treat- ed us with Sweet-meats : I told him, the Occafion of my coming was chiefly for Water •, and that I defired alfo to take in fome Refrefhments of Fowls, i^c. He iaid I was welcome, and that he would or- der the Townfmcn to bring their Commodities to a certain Houfe, where I might purchafe what I had occafion for : I told him I had not Money, but would exchange fome of the Salt which I brought from Mayo for their Commodities. He reply'd, that Salt was indeed an acceptable Commodity with the poor People, but that if I defign'd to buy any Cat- tle, I mull give Money for them. I contented my felfwich taking in Dunghill Fowls : The Governour ordering a Cryer to go about the Town and give Notice to the People, that they might repair to fuch a Place with Fowls and Maiz for feeding them, where they might get Salt in Exchange for them : So I fent on Board for Salt, and order'd fome of my Men to truck the fame for the Fowls and Maiz, while the reil: of them were bufy in filling of Water, This is the EiTcd: of tlieir keeping no Boats of their own on the feveral Iflands, thai they are glad to buy even their own Salt of Foreigners, for want of bring able to tranfport it themfelves from Ifland to Ifland. Si. Jngo Town lies on the S. W. part of the Ifland, in Lar. about 1 5 Deg. N. and is the Seat of the Ge- neral Governour, and of the Bifliop of all the Cape Verd Iflands. This Town llands fcattering againft the Sides of two Mountains, between which there is a deep Valley, which is about 200 Yards wide a- g.ilnfl: the Sea -, but within a quarter of a Mile it do- Jes up fo as not to be 40 Yards wide. In the Valley, by the Sea, tin re is a flirago-Hno; Street, Houfes on each Side, and a Run of Water in the Bottom, which eniptics it fcif into a fine fmall Cove or fandy Bay, where Native. where the here is go Time; th Jufl- by th moft level Guard kej Town, th that is to t Place. T many kno> be of, ex confift of 2 having alfc The Pec mixt Colo Sort, 'viz, tlemen, ar alfo are Thievilh ; their Gove nerally po chance Shii Poriugueze Brazil. T Commodit dures, viz with them comes hitt Manufaftu For 'tis re works on near 100 ' of CottOil they cloath Brazil. T Wine •, bui ter; tho' t Fruits are. Natives of St, Ja^o. Sugar. JVme, Fruits, it where the Sea is commonly very fmooth -, fo that-rf». 1699? here is good Watering and good Landing at any ^-OTNJ Time ; tho* the Road be rocky and bad tor Ships. Juft" by the Landing-place there is a fmall Fort, ;U- moft level with the Sea, where is always a Court of Guard kept. On the Top of the Hill, above the Town, there is another Fort j which, by the Wall that is to be feen from the Road, feems to be a large Place. They have Cannon mounted there, bur how many know I not : Neither what ufe that F'ort can be of, except it be for Salutes. The Town may confift of 2 or 300 Houfes, all built of rough Stone i having alfo one Convent, and one Church. The People in general are black, or at leaft of a mixt Colour, except only fome few of the better Sort, viz, the Governour, the Bifliop, fome Gen- tlemen, and fome of the Padres •, for fome of thefe alfo are black. The People about Praya are Thievifh ; but thefe of St. Jago Town, living under their Governour*s Eye, are more orderly, tho' ge- nerally poor, having little Trade : Yet befides chance Ships of other Nations, there come hither a Portugueze Ship or two every Year, in their way to Brazil. Thefe vend among them a few European Commodities, and take of their principal Manufa- ctures, viz. ftriped Cotton-cloth, which they carry \vith them to Brazil. Here is alfo another Ship comes hither from Portugal for Sugar, their other Manufafture, and returns with it diredly thither : For 'tis reported that there are feveral fmall Sugar- works on this Ifland, from which they fend home near 100 Ton every Year ; and they have Plenty of Cotton growing up in the Country, wherewith they cloath themfelves, and fend alfo a great deal to Brazil. They have Vines, of which they make fome Wine ; but the Eoropean Ships furnifh them with bet- ter -, tho' they drink but little of any . Their chief Fruits are, (befides Plantains in Abundance^ O- C 4 ranges^ V-;' 1^1, % '"■tj \.\ ■'J Si . t,-..^ ... If :^I r ! It ,■> i i I' l\ r II. 14 Cuflard-^//^. Papah. ^n. 1699, ranges, Lemons, Citrons, Melons, (both Musk and ^^^'^^ Water-melons) Limes, Guava's, Pomegranates, [ Quinces, Cuftard- Apples, and Papah's, &(■. l The Cuilard-Apple fas we call it) is a Fruit as j big as a Pcmrgranaw, and much of the fame Colour. The oiitTide Husk, Shell or Rind, is for Subftance and Thickncfs between the Shell of a Pomegranate, and tlie Peel of a S evil-Orange ', fofter than this, yet more brittle than that. The Coat or Covering is alfo remarkable in that it is befet round with fmall regular Knobs or Rifings ; and the Infide of the Fruit is full of a white foft Pulp, fweet and very pleafant, and mod refembling a Cullard of any Thing, both in Colour and Tafte ; from whence probably it is called a Cuilard-Apple by uur Englijh. It has in the Middle a few fmall black Stones or Kernels •, but no Core, for 'tis all Pulp. The Tree that bears this Fruit is about the Bignefs of a Quince- tree, with long, fmall, and thick-fet Branches fpread much abroad : At the Extremity of here and there one of which the Fruit grows upon a Stalk of its own about 9 or 10 Inches long, flender and tough, and hanging down with its own Weight, A large Tree of this Sort docs not bear ufually above 20 or 30 Ap- ples ; fcldom more. This Fruit grows in moll Coun- tries within tlie -Tropicks. I have feen of them ftho' I omitted the Defcription of them beforej all over the Wejt-liidl'js^ both Continent and Iflands •, as alio in Braz''\ and in the Eaft -Indies. Tlie Papah too is found in all thefe Countries, though I have not hitherto defcrib'd it. It is a Fruit about the Bigacfs of a Musk-Melon, hollow as that is, and muv'h refembling it in Shape and Colour, both Oatfide and Infide : Only in the Middle, in- flcad of flat Kernels, which the Melons have, thd't have a handful of fmall blackilh Seeds, about the Bignefs of Pepper-corns ; whole Tafte is alfo hot on l\\i: Tongue foincwhat like Pepper. Phe Fruit it fclf ? felf is fwe{ while greei being boik ferves infte The Papah Body near or 2 Foot the Top. Leaves grc Body. The about the E er or fhort( the Top. Body of tl from the C But above ftill towarc broad. Tl and thickefl that toward forth from i another. £ are thinner, have defcri thick, they nary Turni] Their ch which are fa lars apiece f and Mules, long-tail'd ] and Hens, ] Par ra kites, rons, Hawl« of Crab-cat fime as at for the mol and Birds ; Papah. Beafis of St. Jago. Animals of Sx,]^'i^o] 25 felf is fwcet, foft and lufcious, when ripe-, but^»-'^99» wliile green 'tis hard and unfavory : tho* even theji '^^V^ being boiled and eaten with Salt-pork or Beef, it ferves inftead of Turnips, and is as much eftecmed. The Papah-Tree is about 1 o or 12 Foot high. The Body near the Ground may be a Foot and an half or 2 Foot Diameter ; and it grows up tapering to the Top. It has no Brandies at all, but only large Leaves growing immediately upon Stalks from the Body. The Leaves are of a roundifh Form andjagg'd about the Edges, having their Stalks or Stumps long- er or fhorter as they grow near to or further from the Top. They begin to fpring from out of the Body of the Tree at about 6 or 7 Foot heighth from the Ground, the Trunk being bare below : But above that the Leaves grow thicker and larger ftill towards its Top, where they are clofe and broad. The Fruit grows only among the Leaves ; and thickeft among the thickeft of them -, infomuch that towards the lop of the Tree the Papabs fpring forth from its Body as thick as they can flick one by another. But then lower down, where the Leaves are thinner, the Fruit is larger, and of the Size I have defcrib'd : And at the Top, where they arc thick, they are but fmall, and no bigger than ordi- nary Turnips ; yet tailed like the rell. Their chief Land- Animals are tl 'Bullocks, which are faid to be many ; tho* they ask us 20 Dol- lars apiece for them. ; They have alfo Horfes, Afies, and Mules, Deer, Goats, Hogs, and black-fac'-i long-tail'd Monkeys, Of Fowls th^y have Cocks and Hens, Ducks, Guinea-W^ns, both tame and wild, Parrakites, Parrots, Pidgeons, Turcle-Doves, He rons, Hawks, Crab-catchers, Galdcns fa larger Sort of Crab-catchers) Curlews, iyc. Their Filh is the fime as at Mayo and the reft of rhefe lilands, and for the moft part thefe Iflands have the fame Beads and Birds alfo j But feme of the Ifles have Paftu- rage \ t 26 An. 1699 ( ( S'l N it li 111: Its Road, I. Fogo. ragff and Employment for feme particular Bcifls | more than other i and the Birds are incourag'd, by Woods for Shelter, and Maiz and Fruits for Food, to Hock rather to iome of the Iflands (as to this of St. Ja^o) than to others. St. J ago Road is one of the word that I have hecn in. There is not clean Ground enough for a- bove three Ships*, and thofe alfo muft lye very near each other. One even of thcfe muft lye clofe to the Shore, with a Land-faft there : And that is the bed for a fmall Ship. 1 fhould not have come in here if I had not been told that it was a good fecurc Place ; but I found it fo much otherways, that I was in Pain to be gone. Captain Barefoot^ who came to an Achor while I was here, in foul Ground, loft quickly 2 Anchors \ and I had loft a fmall one. The Ifland Fop ftiews its fclf from this Road very plain, at about 7 or 8 Leagues diftance ; and in the Night we faw the Flames of Fire iffuing from ^ts Top. ' TheCo) !il@)£ai£)Olii Iht A:^ Tithhi from St. Jag( Line. He fi why. His ral FortJ, tk of it) Cover and from Eu pean Ships, the Coafling- hia; their Uo.dSf and Soil and Pn ComefTcrie, Coco, its Nf4t lilian Fruits, Jennipah's. Petango's, I Otee's, and nutSf Mcndil tfjeir Wild'Fo cn'CrozVf ani and Wildpigl CaUcit, and Ojlnches to t. thtir Cattle^ f^nis; the I Jmail black a ireat Wattr S and Turtle \ i H CHAP. Aving Verd II my Voyage. more at a ci Men might 1 V'herein to fi f'.'^figning tl: .^'. Holland^ nothing was '^ I could m( The Contents, The A, depgns jot Brazil. 27 . 399: t I C H A P. II. \lht A.'s DeliheratioH on tht Sequtlof hit yoyagt^ and Departure { from St. Jago. His Courfe^ and the Winds, &c. tn crojjing the i Line. He jiands away for the Bay of AU-Sainis in Brazil ; ami ■why. His Arrival on that Coafi and its the Hay. (if thefeve' \ ral Forts, the Road, Situation, Town, and Huildings of Dahi«i I of iti Governotir^ Ships and Merchants; and Commodities f I ^V^ K. and romctimes calm : Afterwards we had tho Wind between the S. andS. S. E. till we crofs'd the Line, fmall Winds, Calms, and pretty fair Wea- ther. We faw but few Fi(h belidc Porpofes \ but oF them a great many, and llruck one of them. It was the i oth of March, about the 'I'ime of the . EfjuinoXf wher we crofs'd the EqiuUor, having had all along from the Lat. of 4 deg. 40 min. N. where the true Trade- Wind left us, a great Swell out of .\ the S. E. and but fmall uncertain Gales, moltly Southerly, fo that we crept to the Southward buq : llowly. I kept up againfl thefc as well as I could to rhc Southward, and when we had now and then a I Flurry of Wind at E. I ftill went away due South, purpofely to get to the Southward as fait as I could ; I for while near the Line 1 expcded to have but uncer- tain Winds, frequent Calms, Rains, Tornadoes, l^f. which would not only retard my Courfe, but endanger Sicknefs alfo among my Men: cfpecially thofe who were il' provided with Cloaths, or were jtooliizy to (hift themfelves when they were drcnch*d I with the Rains. The Heat of the Weather made [them carelefs of doing this ; but taking a Dram of I Brandy, which I gave them when wet, with a Charge to (hift themfelves, they would however lye [down in their Hammocks with their wet Cloaths; I lb that when they turnM out they caus'd an ill Smell iwhere-ever they came, and their Hammocks would I (link fufficiently i that I think the remedying of this I is worth the Care of Commanders that crofs the iLine-, efpecially when they are, it may be, a Month or more e*er they get out of the Rains, at ^ibmecimcs of the Year, as in 7««^, Jul)-, or -^«- What \h,M if ft ' i >' ti. yl'l )M » J) i ill %h' ri 30 Obfervations for crofjtng the lAnt, The j^, ^Jn. 1699. What I hare here fiid about the Currents, Winds, ^^'V'*^ Calms, tsff. in this PalTage, is chiefly for the farther Illuftracion of what I have heretofore obferv'd in ge- neral about thefe Matters, and efpeciaily as to croJTing the Line, in my Difiourfe of the JVimh^ &c. in the ■forbid Zone: [See Vol. IT. Part 3. p. .^, 6.]| Which Obfervations I have had very much con- firm*d X.0 me in the Courfc of this Voyage ; andll /hall particularize in feveral of the chief of them as they come in my Way. And indeed I think I may fay this of the main of the Obfervations in that Trcatife^ that the clear Satisfaction I had about them,] and how much I might rely upon them, was a grc f Eafe to my Mind during this vexatious Voyage;! wherein the Ignorance, and Obftinacy withal, oH fome under me, occafion'd me a great deal of Trou- ble: Tho' they found all along, and were often I forc'd to acknowledge it, that 1 was feldom out in my Conjecftures,, when T told them ufually before- hand what Winds, ^c. we fl-iould meet with at| fuch or fuch particular Places we fhould come at. Pernambiic was the Port that I defigned for at my I firft letting out from St. J ago ; it being a Place moll proper fOr my Purpofc, by Reafon of its Situation, lying near the Extremity of C. St. Auguftiriey the Ealternmoft Promontory of Brazil; by which means it not only enjoys the greater Benefit of the Sea-breezes, and is confequently more healthy than other Places to the Southward, but is withal lefs fub- jed to the Southerly Coal^ing-Trade-winds, that blow half the Year on this Shore ; which were now draw- ing on, and might be troublefome to me : So that I I might both hope to reach fooneft Pernambuc, as molt diredly and ncarcil in my Run *, and might thence alfo more cafiJy get away to the Southwfi**d| tiian from Babia ck 'fcJos los Santos y or Ria y^- hcira. But 'he A, , Winds, z farther 'd in ge- f as to mhy &c. p. 5, 6.] ich con- -, and I them as ik I may 5 in that ut them, s a grtr Voyage ; ithal, of of Trou- ?re often m out in f before- ; with at meat, or at my ace moil iituation, Hue, the which it of the |thy than lefs fub- [hat blow Iw draw- So that ihuc, as id might luthw.T-^ lia J#». 1699; to my felf in going to Pernambuc^ I was foon put ^^'V^ by that Defign through the Refra6torinefs of fome under me, and the Difcontents and Backwardnefs of fome of my Men. For the Calms and Shiftings of "Winds which I met with, as I was to expert, in crofling the Line, made them, who were unacquain- ted with thefe Matters, almoft heartlefs as to the % Purfuit of the Voyage, as thinking we Ihould never ^ be able to weather Cape St. Augujtine : And though I told them that by that Time we Ihould get to a- bout three Degrees South of the Lipe, we Ihould again have a true brisk general Trade-Wind from the North-Eaft, that would carry us to what I part of Brazil we pleas'd, yet they would not be- lieve it till they found it fo. This, with fome other unfoi efeen Accidents, not neceffary to be mention'd in this Place, meeting with the Averfion of my Men I to a long unknown Voyage, made me juftly appre- I hen five of their Revolting, and was a great Trouble and Hindrance to me. So that I was obliged partly to alter my Meafures, and met with many Difficul- ties, the Particulars of which I fhall not trouble the Reader with : But I mention thus much of it in ge- neral for my own neceffary Vindication, in my ta- king, fuch Meafures fometimes for profecuting the Voyage as the State of my Ships Crew, rather than my own Judgment and Experience, determin'd me to. The Diforders of my Ship made me think at prefent that Pernambuc would not be fo fit a Place for me ; being told that Ships ride there 2 or 3 \ Leagues from the Town, under the Command of no Forts ; fo that whenever I ihould have been a- fnore it might have been eafy for my difcontented Crew to have cut or dipt their Cables, and have gone away from me: Many of them difcovering already an Intention to return to Eh-glaful, and fome of them declaring openly that they would go no further on- wards il:f I i ■ll] Mm i ^MM- n' > I '' i! :!«' II \i IMj^ !;i^ : • if^ I i' I. ^11 I : I i' >2 He refolvesfor the B. /?/ AU-Sts. Arrival at Braz. \dn. 1699. wards than Brazil I alter'd my Courfe therefore, ^•^^V^ and ftood away for Bahio de todos los Santos, or the Baj of all Saints, where I hop'd to have the Go- vernour's Help, if need fhould require, for fecu- ling my Ship from any fuch mutinous Attempt 5 he- ir g forced to keep my felf all the way upon my Guard, ?.nd to lie with my Officers, fuch as I could trult, and with fmall Arms upon the Quarter-Deck •, it fcarce being fafe for me to lie in my Cabbin, by Kealbn of the Difcon tents among my Men. On the 23d o^ March we faw the Land of Brazil \ having had thither, from the Time when we came into the true Trade-wind again after crofling the Line, very fair Weather and brisk Gales, moltly at K. N. E. The Land we faw was about 20 Leagues to the North of Bahia ; fo I coafted along Shore to the Southward. This Coaft is rather low than high, with Sandy-Bays all along by the Sea. A little within Land are many very white Spots of Sand, appearing like Snow \ and the Coaft looks very pleafant, being checker'd with Woods and Sa- vannahs. The Trees in general are not tall ; but they are green and flourilliing. There are many fmall Houfes by the Sea-fide, whofe Inhabitants are chiefly Fifliermen. They come off to Sea on Bark* logs, made of feveral Logs faften'd Side to Side, that have one or two Mafts with Sails to them, 'inhere are two Men in each Bark-log, one at either End, having fmall low Benches, raifed a little above the Logs, to fit and firti on, and two Baskets hang- ing up at the Maft or Mafts •, one to put their Pro- vifions in, the other for their Fifli. Many of thefe were a-fifhing now, and 2 of them came aboard, of whom I bought fome Irifli. In the Afternoon wc / failed by one very remarkable Piece of Land, where, on a fmall pleafant Hill, there was a Church dedi- cated to the Virgin Mars. See a Sight of fome Parts of this Coalt [Tabic III. N^. i, 2, 3, 4, 5-] and * -_r^.- W tabU III ■ Concerrtion ofy VJIxtry «i ; ;•;!■ Bra 2 il ►V/i :i1yi ZitnJ. to jr Southtintrd. ofy Chapprl, aottta Jhr Mama. .^"S- Stahtr (rf th^€ Cap^s Wi^.Jrotn C , Salvador at J X. t^ift • .£tt£±^ Jitfhtjram ahnuf t :^^.ftom.u ^art^ CaH'*' CaptSt intonio . , - ih* Citt'htJrAl -^^ Bakia de todos los ^^ S anV-o S JjJU^n 2iCf j£arhour . Dutch l^or^ • »^^ ^[■^'kK a,Shcrh Si^xLCif iTaMe. It And, 'Zvicf xft? C of C^ttpu atria Z. ^■— ^ '^t^ frvrnj* J'ahie Zand jr. * J* ij-. (A.) tvj/Jauthu^ard of y rtkhU. J^^nd. at ahtstctgl, . difi : Jrcm tht ifahlA \lhyf ^£ JC.J.E. fMi Ik ' I . >' ',' I \ I'll 'i H ,;iii' i< ! r rv The. and of the N^ I.] I coafte( brought to bout 2 Hoi a Sail out G about a M j Night. In ! /he proved i I therefore I i one of his I that he had ■ would fail : and that if ; he would hai not far in, j tolerable Ga I now we hac I till Night, J [Light, whicl ; in. I kept a chor ready [Tide of Ebt flowly; and jwhen we anc Mafter came [Thanks for h JRefpea:, not |all of that ^ jwho were reac place that we |the Harbour \ Rear I had k peShip, mad jGovcrnour, t( [among their S: [on the 25th < |Morning, the Vol. III. «•'*'■.- i »ws-=it»^ ■■^.•. The Author anchor' d at Bahia de T. vS. 31 and of the HUl the Church (lands on [Table III. ^». 1699. N^ I.] '-^"^ I coafted along till the Evening, and then brought to, and lay by till the next Morning. A- bout 2 Hours after we Were brought to, there came a Sail out of the Offin (from Seaward) and lay by about a Mile to Windward of us, and fo lay all Night. In the Morning upon fpeaking with her, fhe proved to be a Vortugueze'S^v^ bound to Bah'ia \ therefore I fent my Boat aboard and de fired to have one of his Mates to Pilot me in : He anfwer'd, that he had not a Mate capable of it, but that he would fail in before me, and fhew me the way ; and that if he went into the Harbour in the Night, he would hang out a Light for me. He faid we had not far in, and might reach it before Night with a tolerable Gale; but that with fo fmall an one as I now we had we could not do it: So we jogg'd on till Night, and then he accordingly hung out his Light, which we fteered after, founding as we went in. I kept all my Men on Deck, and had an An- chor ready to let go on occafion. We had the Tide of Ebb againft us, fo that we went in but flowly ; and it was about the Middle of the Night when we anchored. Immmediately the Portugueze Mailer came aboard to fee me, to whom I returned Thanks for his Civilities ; and indeed I found much Rtfpedl, not only from this Gentleman, but from all of that Nation both here and in other Places, who were ready to ferve me on all Occafions. The Place that we anchored in was about two Miles from the Harbour where the Ships generally ride -, but the Fear I had left my People Ihould run away with rlie Ship, made me haften to get a Licence from the Governour, to run up into the Harbour, and ride among their Ships, clofe by one of their Forts. So on the 25th of March about 10 a Clock in the the Tide ferving, I went thither, being iMorning, Vol. III. D piloted i' fl ., t I 1 Mi i i f ! 1 I ■1 ■ 1! ill ■ ■( t ! ■ t lii' ::| (.|! 3 + Bahia Harbour and Forts, jin. 1699. piloted by the Suner-intcndant there, whofe Bufinefs ^-'^^ it is to curry up all the King of Portugal's Ships that come hither, and to fee them well moored. He brought us to an Anchor right againft the Town, at the outer Fart of the Harbour, which was then full of Ships, within 150 Yards of a fmall Fort that ftands on a Rock half a Mile from the Shore. See a Prolpcct of the Harbour and the Town, as it ap- pear'd to us while we lay at Anchor, [Table III. Bahia (k totlos los Santos lies in Lat. 1 3 . deg. S. It is the moft confidcrable Town in Brazil, whether in Kcfpcd of the Beauty of its Buildings, its Bulk, or its Trade, and Revenue. It has the Convenience of a good Harbour that is capable of receiving Ships of the greateR Burthen : The Entrance of which is guarded with a flrong Fort (landing without the 1 {;ub()ur, call'd St. Antonio: A Sight of which I have given [Table III. N^. 4.] as it appeared to us tiie Avftcrnoon before we came in -, and its Lights f whicii they hang out purpofely for Ships) we faw the fame Night. There are other fmaller Forts that command tiie Harbour, one of which ftands on a Rock in the Sea, about half a Mile from the Shore. Clofe by this Fort all Ships muft pafs that anchor here, and muft ride alio within half a Mile of it at fiirtheft between this and another Fort fthat ftands on a Point at the inner part of the Harbour and is called the Butch Fort) but muft ride neareft to the former, 'all along againft the Town : Where there is| good holding Ground, and lefs expofed to the Sou- therly Winds than blow very hard here. They com- monly fct in about /Ipril, but blow hardeft in Ma)^ Jii}ii\ yifiy:ind ylifgtijl : But the place where the Ships ride is expofed to thefe Winds not above 3 Poinrs| of the Conipafs. Befidcl Jufinefs ipsthat I d. He ' Town, /as then ort that e. See as it ap- able III. Bahia To'jjn defcribed. 1$ t% g. S. It lether in Sulk, or nience of ing Ships which is hout the • which I red to us its Lights /e faw the brts that mds on a he Shore. It anchor e of it at lat ftands ur and is sft to the •e there is ► the Sou- hey com- in Ma)^ the Ships Points 3 Befidc Befide thefe, there is another Fort fronting \\\Q,An. 169c); Harbour, and (landing on the Hill upon which the ^•"YN^ Town ftands. The Town it i^M confifts of about 2000 Houfcs j the major part of which cannot be {tzvi from the Harbour ; but fo many as appear in Sight, with a great Mixture of Trees between them, and all placed on a rifing Hill, make a very pleafant Profpe^ •, as may be judg'd by the Draught, [Ta- ble III. N^5.] There are in the Town 13 Churches, Chapels, Holpitals, Convents, befide one Nunnery ^ inz. the Ecclefia Major or Cathedral, the Jefuits College, which are the chief, and both in Sight from the Har- bour : St. AntoniOy Sta. Barbara^ both Parifh- Churches ; the Francifcans Church, and the Do7nim^ cans y and 2 Convents of Carmelites ; a Chapel for Seamen clofe by the Sea-fide, where Boats common- ly land, and the Seamen go immediately to Prayers ; another Chapel for poor People, at the farther End of the fame Street, which runs along by the Shore ; and a third Chapel for Soldiers, at the Edge of the Town remote from the Sea -, and an Hofpital in the Middle of the Town. The Nunnery ftands at the outer-edge of the Tov/n next the Fields, wherein by Report there are 70 Nuns. Here lives an Arch-bi- fhop, who has a fine Palace in the Town ; and the Governor's Palace is a fair Stone-building, and looks handfome to the Sea, tho' but indifferently furnifh*d within : Both Spaniards and Portugueze in their Plan- tations abroad, as I have generally obferv'd, aftedl:- ing to have large Houfes i but are little curious a- bout Furniture, except Pif^lures fome of them. The Houfcs of the Town are 2 or 3 Stories high, the Walls thick and frrong, being built with Stone, v.ith a Covering of Pantile ; and many of them luve Balconies. The principal Streets are large, 'ind all of them pav'd or pitch'd with fmall Stones. There are aifo Parades in the moil eminent Places D 2 of .|i^'::#' I I f r ' i 1 i 3 6 The Govern. Sold, and MerchanCs of Bahia." An. 1699. of the Town, and many Gardens, as well within ^"^^^^ the Town as in the Out-parts ot" it, wlierein are Fruit-trees, Herbs, Salladings and Flowers in great Variety, but ordcr'd with no great Care nor Art. The Governour who refideshere is call'd Don John ds LaiicaJIrio, being defcended, as they fay, from our EftgliJ/j Laricajter Family ; and he has a Refpec^ for our Nation on that Account, calling them his Country-men. I waited on him fcveral Times, and always jouiid him very courteous und civil. Here are about 400 Soldiers in Gnrrifon. They com- monly draw up and cxercife in a large Parade be- iore the Governour's Ho'ife i and many of them at- tend him when he goes abroad. The Soldiers are decently clad in brown Linnen, vhich in thefe hot Countries is f/ir better th.an Woollen \ but I never faw any clad \a Linnen but only thefe. Belidc the Soldiers in PAy, he can foon have fome Thoufanos of Men up in Arms on occafion. The Magazine is on the Skirts of the Town, on a fmall Rifing be- tween the Nunnery and the Soldiers Church. *Tis big enough 1:0 hold 2 or 3000 Barrels of Powder i but I. was toid ir feldom has more than 100, fome- timcs but 80. There are always a Band of Soldiers to guard it, and Ccntinels looking out both Day and Night. A great many Merchants always refide at Bahia ; for 'tis a Place of great Trade : I found here above ^^o great Ships from Europe, with 2 of the King of Portugal's Ships of War for their Cor.voy ; beP-'e 2 Ships that traded to Africa only, eithei to Angola., Gainha.^ or other Places on the Coaft of Guinea; and Abundance of ''mall Craft, that only run to and fro on this Coaft, carrying Commodities fro.n one Part of Brazil to another. The ivierchants thaL live here are fiiid to be rich, and to have many Af^ro-SIaves in their Houfes, bo:!iof Men and Women. Thcmfelvcs are chiefly FortuznezCi y Portuguei with then Merchant pute. I: out did n ra^bcr, b( here hav this Tim' Merchant ported t( none of : hither. 1 where ill And to that take fearching Goods. The ch bring hith fine J fon petuana's, and Threi (chiefly Po Salt- beef a modities. Sorts of Ii as Dif>ies, Beads, anc at ot. Jago v/!iich is af The Eur bacco, eith I know of: iides which with Woo Brazil, &, TallQw, T ahia^ I Common/ties from and to Europe^ 37 within rein are in greii: •Art. )on John ', from Refped hem his les, and . Here y com- ade be- :heni at- liers are rjefe hot I never elide the loufands lagazine ifing be- b. 'Tis 'owder i , fome- Soldiers oth Day Bahia \ e above King of Angola^ Guinea ; to and •om one DC rich, HLoufcs, chiefly \ Portugueze^ Foreigners having but little Commerce ^n^62(). with them > yet here was one Mr. Cock an Englijh Merchant, a very civil Gentleman and of good Pe- pute. He had a Patent to be our EngHJh Conful, but did not Care to take upon him any publick Cha- ra<^cr, bccaufe Englifl} Ships feldorti come hither, here having been none in ii or 12 Years before this Time. Here was alfo a DanL\ and a French Merchant or two \ but all have their EHc6ts tranf- ported to and from Europe in Portugueze Ships, none of any other Nation being admitted to tnde hitiicr. There is a Cuftom-houfe by the Sea-'ide, where ^\\ Goods imported or exported are '^nt-ed. And to prevent Abufcs there are 5 or 6 Boats that take their Turns to row about the Harbour, fearcliing any Boats they fufpcd to be running of Goods. The chief Commodities that the European Ships bring hither, are Linncn-cloaths, both coarfe and fine J fome Woollens alfo, as Bays, Searges, Per- petuana's, kJc. Hats, Stockings, both of Silk and Thread, Bisket-bread, Wheat-flower, Wine (chiefly Port) Oil-Olive, Butter, Checfe, (^c. and Salt-beef and Pork would there alfo be good Com- modities. They bring hither alfo Iron, and all Sorts of Iron-Tools \ Pewter- Vefleis of all Sorts, as Diflies, Plates, Spoons, <^c. Looking-glafles, Beads, and other Toys \ and the Ships that touch at o/. Jago bring thence, as I faid, Cotton-cloath, vv'hich is afterwards fent to Angola, The European Ships carry from hence Sug.ir, To- bacco, either in Roll or SnufF, never in Leaf, that I know of: Thefe are the Staple Commodities. Bc- fides which, here are Dye-woods, as Fuftick, i^c, with Woods for other Ufes, as fpeckled Wood, Brazil^ &c. They aifo carry home raw Hides, TallpWj Xrai^*Oii of Whales, ^c, He^e are alfo P 3 kepc 1 ! ' \ 1 r ['':k il 'i i-f ' i > I M r I '3 8 Claying of Sugar, Seafonfor European *arrakit( Shipi 'jin. ifj99 kept tame Monkeys, Parrots, P ^^OP^ tlic Scamt-n carry home iyc. which The Sugar of tliis Country is much better than that which we bring I lomc from our Phuitation?; : For all the Sugar that is made here is clay'd, which makes it whiter and finer than our Miijovada, as we call our unrelin'd Sugar. Our Planters I'eldom re- fine any with Clay, uulefs fometimes a little to fend 1 lomc as Prefents for their Friends in liHgland. Their way of doing it is by taking fome of tlie whitcfl Clay and mixing it with Water, till *tis like Cream. With tliis they fill up the Pans of Sugar, that are funk 2 or 3 Inches below the Brim by the draining of the MoIoHes out of it: Firlt fcraping ort" the thin hard Crui'V of the Sugar that lies at the Top, and would hinder the Water of the Clay from foaking throi:[^h th(r Sugar (jf the Pan. The refi' ri ig is made by tliis Percolation. For 10 or 12 I)ays Time that the clayiHi Fiquor lies foaking down the l^ul, the white Water whitens tlie Siii^ ir as it pall'es thro* it •, and the grofs Body of tlie Ci.iy it \\:\{ grows hard on the 'I'op, and may be taken off at Pkafure \ when fcra{)ing off with a Knife the very upjjer-part of the Sugar, which will be a little fullicd, that which is underneath will be v/hjte almol; to the l^ottom : And luch as is called ///r/z/7 Su- gar is thus wiiiten'd. When I v/as here this Sug.ir was fold for /^fji. per 100 ih. And the Boitorr.s of the Pots, whic h is very coarfe Stigar, for about 20 ;. per 100 It. both Sorts being lii.n fcarce -, for f.ere was not enough to lade the Siiips, and there- f(jre fome of them wcfc to lye iiere till the next Seafon. The Euro t can Ships commonly arrive here in Fe- ^rr((iyy or A'/arch, and they have generally quick l^ifTages J finding at that I'ime of the Year bri'.k Gales to bring tiutii io the L,ine, litile Trouble, then, in eroding it, and bribk F. N. F. Winds af- terwards return fron in 'JuNe. would fail fore they w (ioods, ot ready. J' at their firi to the K'ln^ the Charge h IS a certai rccns by Ik Ncceffanes commonly bles to moo five their o of a Sort of Trees, hang and is very It not the I Jng : And ff Tlie Ship: Vcifels in C o'lt from h of St. yago, f'oM, Ivory turns. The fmall chiefly implc Bubuiy tlie C ther Places o gar, Tobacc N'cgro-Slavef i'lif'loycd in ' the if car a 5 very thick o] the Harbour: go out and 1 I'il* yps. wliich • than tion? : which as wc jm rc- o ftiul upland, of tilt; tis hke Sugiir, by the r;iping i :it the ^ from le rcfi' or T?. Giiinca-7r^^^. Coafling- Tradel I* tcrwards to bring them hither. 'I'hcy commonly An. tf^(jg. return from licncc about the latter Knd of A/^/y, or ^^^V^^ in Jufie. 'Twas faid when I was here tliat the Ships would fail hence the 20Lh Day of May ; and there- fore they were all very bufy, fome in taking in their (ioocis, others in careening and making themfelves n:.u]y. i'he Siiips that ccne hither iifually careen at their firll coming -, here being a Hulk belonging to the King for that Purpofe. This Hulk is under the Charge of the Superintendent I fpoke of, who his a certain Sum of iMony for every Ship that ca- reens by her. He alfo provides Firing and other Ncceiraries for that Purpofe : And the Ships do commonly hire of the Merchants here each 2 Ca- bles to moor by all the 'I'ime they lye here, and fo five their own Hempen Cables ; for thefe are made of a Sort of Hair, that grows on a certain Kind of Trees, hanging down from the Top of their Bodies, and is very like the black Coyre in tlie Kaji- Indies^ it not the faiiic. Thefe Cables are flrong and lad- ing : And fo much for the European Ships. The Ships Mat ufe the G'wi//£Y^- Trade are fmall VclTels in Comjarifon of the former. They carry out from hence J'^n;!(:s Merchants and others that trade by Sei| from this Port, here are other pretty wealthy Men, and fcveral Artificers and Tradcs-mcn of moft Sorts, who by Labour and Induflry maintain themfelv^l very well j eipecially fuch as can arrive at the Piir- chate of a Negro-Slave or two. And indeed, ex- cepting People of the lowefl Degree of all, herearel fcarcc any out what keep Slaves in their Houfes, The richer Sort, be fides the Slaves of both Sexw whom they keep for fervile Ufes in their Houfe?, iiave Men Slaves who wait on them abroad, for State ', either running by their Horfe-fides whc:i rhey ride our, or to carry them to and fro on the;r Siioulders in the Town when they make fhort Vifm near Home. Kvery Gentleman or Merchant is pro- vided with Things nccdfary for this Sort of Car- ria;j;('. The m^'n Thing is a pretty large Cotf.i Mamir.ock Qf the JVt'Ji-India Fafliion, but moitlvl dieJ (Iff i Carriage In Hammocks. Artificers. Butchers. 4 1 died blue, with large Fringes of the fame, hanging ^». >^9' down on each Side. This is carried on the Ntgro^s -^V^^^ Shoulders by the help of a Bambo about 12 or 14 Foot long, to which the Hammock is hung •, and a Covering comes over the Pole, hanging down on each Side like a Curtain : So that the IVrfbn To car- ry'd cannot be feen unlefs he pleafes ; but may citlicr lye down, having Pillows for his Head -, or may fit up by being a little fupported with thefc Pillows, and by letting both his Legs hang out over one Side of the Hammock. When he hath a Mind to be feen he puts by his Curtain, and falutes every one of his Acquaintance whom he meets in the Streets 1 for they take a Piece of Pride in greeting one ano- ther from their Hammocks, and will hold long Con- ferences thus in the Street: But then their 2 Slaves who carry the Hammock have each a ftrong well- made Staff, with a fine Iron Fork at the upper End, and a (harp Iron below, like the Reft for a Muskcr, which they ftick faft in the Ground, and let the Pok or Bambo of the Hammock reft upon them, till their Mafter's Bufinefs or the Complement is over. There is fcarce a Man of any Fafhion, efpecially j Woman, will pafs the Streets but fo carried in , Mammock. The chief Mechanick Traders he -e, are Smiths, Hatters, Shoemakers, Tanners, Saw- yeis. Carpenters, Coopers, &c. Here are alio Taylors, Butchers, ^c. which laft kill the Bullocks very dexteroufly, fticking them at one Blow with a Iharp-pointed Knife in the Nape of the Neck, ha- ving firft drawn them clofe to a Rail -, but they drels them very flovenly. It being Lent when I came hi- ther, there was no buying any Flclh till Eajkr^KvCy when a great Number of Bullocks were kill'd at once in the Slaughter-houfes within the Town, Men, Women and Childr.m flocking thither with great Joy to buy, and a Multitude of Dogs, almoft Itarv'd, following them ; for whom the Meat fcem'd fnteft,- 1 li !l f ' If .' • 'k. i ^ 1 I ,1 M'l' .1 Mi 1^ 1 ■'■ { Ifl ., 1 Ji i;-! 15 :V 42 Negroes. Crane for Goods, 'jm. 1699 fittefl', it was fo lean. All thefc Trades-men buy ^■^''V'^ Negroes, and train them up to their fcvcral Employ, ments, which is a great Help to them ; and they ha- ving i^o frequent Irade to Angola, and other Parts of Guinea, they have a conflant Supply of Blacks both for their Plantations and I'own. Thefe Slaves are very ufeful in this Place for Carriage, as Porters j for as here is a great Trade by Sea, and the Land- ing-place is at the Foot of a Hill, too deep for drawing with Carts, fo there is great need of Slaves to carry Good:; up into the Town, efpecially for the inferiour Sort : But the Merchants have alfo the Convenience of a great Crane that goes with Ropes or J*ulli( .s, one I'.nd of which goes up while the other goes down. The Iloufe in which this Cratic is, iland;, on the Brow of llic Hill towards the Sea, hanging over the JVecipice ; and there are Planks fet llielving againfl the Bank from thence to the Bottom, againil which the Goods lean or Aide as lliey are hoilied up or let down. The A'^t'^ro- Slaves in th's 'I'own are fo numerous, that they make up the greatefl Part or Bulk of the Inhabitants : Eve- ry Houfe, as I faid, having fome, both Men and Women, of them. Many of the Portugueze, who are Batchelors, k'.-ep of thefe black Women for MilTes, tho* they know the Danger they arc in of being poyOjii'd by ihcm, if ever they give them any Occafion of Jealou fy. A Gentleman of my Ac- quaintance, who hid been familiar with his Cook- maid, lay under fome fuch Apprehenfions from her when I was t lere. Thefe Slaves alio of either Sex will eafily be engaged to do any Sort of Mifchief i even to Murder, if they are hired to do it, efpeci- ally in tlu: Nighr -, for which Keafon, I kept my Men on board as much as 1 could \ for one of the I'rcnch King's Ships being here, had feveral Men murther'd by tliem in the Night, as I was credibly inform'd, 1 laving klVHlg If he Count, about Bahia. The Crafil. Trees ^ &c. 45 Having given this Account of the Town of Ba- An. 1699^ \hk^ I ffiall next fay fomewhat of the Country. ^-^^VNi jThcrc is a Salt-water Lake runs 40 Leagues, as I [was told, up the Country, N. W. from the Sea, [leaving the Town and Dutch Fort on the Starboard jSide. The Country all around about is for the moft 3art a pretty flat even Ground, not high, nor yet [very low : It is well water'd with Rivers, lirooks ind Springs ; neither wants it for good Llarbours, [navigable Creeks, and good Bays tor Ships to ride Jin. The Soil in general is good, naturally produ- Icing very large I'rees of divers Sorts, and fit for any Ufes. The Savannahs alfo are loaden with (irafs, Herbs, and many Sorts of fmaller Vegeta- bles i and being cultivated, produce any Thing that h proper for thofe hot Countries, as vSugar-Cancs, llotton, Indico, Tobacco, Maiz, Fruit-'J'rees of llcvcr'l Kinds, and eatable Roots of" all Sores. Of |thc fcveral Kinds of Trees that arc here, I fhall give fan Account of fomc, as I had it partly from an In- bbitant of Bahia., and partly from my Knowledge lof them otherwife, viz. S'lpiera^ Vermialico., Comef- ^v,>, Guitk'ba, Serrie, as they were pronouncM to nic, three Sorts of Mangrove, fpcckled Wood, lullick, Cotton-Trees of 3 Sorts, (f^c. together h\[\\ Fruit-Trees of divers Sorts that grow wild, be- iiidc hich as arc planted. Of Timber-Trees, the Sapicra is fiiid to be large and tall ; it is very good Timber, and is made ufe [of in building of JJoufcs •, fo is the Vermiaticn., a tall llreight-bodicd Trec^ of which they make Plank Foot broad •, and they alfo make Canoa's with it. m'^Jferie and Guittcba are chiefly ufed in building fihips •, thefe are as much eflieem'd here as Oaks are Sn England.^ and they fay cither Sort is harder and pre durable than Oak. The Scrrie is a Sort of [Ircemuch like r>Im, very durable in Water. Here src alfo all the tiirte Sorts of Mangrove Trees, viz. the II , M< ■ 'I '1i lit tyl IMIJ: ■iS f-'M^ '! 5'. ! *i I; ^y' 4+ Baflard-Coco\ Silk-Cotton, An. 1699. the Red, the Vv'hite, and the Black, which I have '-^Y^- defrribcd [Vol. I. p. 54.] The Bark of the red ManJ grove, is here us'd for tanning of Leather, and they have great Tan-pits for it. The black Mangrove grows larger here than in the JVeJl-IndieSy and of A they make good Plank. The white Mangrove isl larger and tougher than in the Weji-Indies j of thefc| they make Malls and Yards for Barks. Tliere grow here wild or baftard Coco-Nut Trees,! neither fo large nor fo tall as the common ones in the Eaft or IVefl-Indies. They bear Nuts as the o- thcrs, but nor a quarter fo big as the right Coco- Nuts. The Shell is full of Kernel, without any hollow Place or Water in it ; and the Kernel is fweetl and whollbme, but very hard both for the Teetlif and for Digeftion. Thefe Nuts are in much Efteem for making Beads for Pater mjler's. Boles of To-[ bacco-Pipes, and other Toys : and every fmall Shop! here has a great many of them to fell. At the Topi of thefe Ballard Coco-trees, among the BranchesJ there grows a Sort of long black Thread like HorfeJ hair, but much longer, which by the Poriuguezc li called T'refaho. Of this they make Cables which are' very ferviceable, llrong and lalling ; for they will not rot as Cables made of Hemp, tho' they lye cx-l pofed both to Wet and Heat. Thefe are the Cabkil which I faid they keep in their Harbours here, tol let to hire to European Ships, and refemble tlie| C(j)'r4'-Cables. Ilcre are 3 Sorts of Cotton-Trees that bear Si Cotton. One Sort is fuch as I have formerly de-l , fcrib'd, [Vol. I. p. 165.] by the Name of the Cot-I ton-tree. The other 2 Sorts I never faw any wheiel but iicrc. The Trees of thefe latter Sorts are but! fmall in Comparifon of the former, which are reck- on'd the biggcll in all the IVeJhfndia Woods ; yetl are however of a good Bignefs and Heighth. On{l pf tlicie Urt Sores io not To full of Branches as ttiel othfl Cotton Tree of Brafil. Silk-Cotton, Cotton* 45 I other of them ; neither do they produce their Fruit An. 1699. I the fame Time of the Year : For one Sort had its 'y'V\d I Fruit juft ripe, and was fhedding its Leaves while the other Sort was yet green, and its Fruit fmall and growing, having but newly done bloflbmingj the Tree being as full of young Fruit as an Apple- Tree ordinarily in England. Thefe laft yield very large Pods, about 6 Inches long, and as big as a I Man's Arm. It is ripe in Scplemher and O^obr*- ; then the Pod opens, and the Cotton burfts out in a great Lump as big as a Man's Head. They gather I thefe Pods before they open; otherways it would I fly all away. It opens as well after 'tis gathered ; and I then they take out the Cotton, and preferve it to fill Pillows and Bolfters, for which ufe 'tis very much efteemed : But 'tis fit for nothing elfe, being fo Ihort that it cannot be fpun. 'Tis of a tawney Co- lour; and the Seeds are ulack, very round, and as big as a white Pea. The other Sort is ripe in March or ^Ipril. The Fruit or Pod is like a large I Apple, and very round. The out-fide Shell is as I thick as the Top of one's Finger. Within this there is a very thin whitilh Bag or Skin which inclo- feth the Cotton. When the Cotton- Apple is ripe, the outer thick green Shell fplits it (df into 5 equal Parts from Stemb to Tail, and drops off, leaving the Cotton hanging upon the Stemb, only pent up Units fine Bag. A Day or two afterwards the Cot- ton fwells by the Heat of the Sun, breaks the Bag land burfts out, as big as a Man's Head : And then as the Wind blows 'tis by Degrees driven away, a I little at a Time, out of the Bag that ftill hangs up- ; on the Stemb, and is fcattcr'd about the Fields ; the Bag foon following the Cotton, and the Stemb the Bag. Flere is alfo a little of the right JFcjl-IndiOr I Cotton Shrub : but none of the Cotton is exported, I nor do they make much Cloth of it. This 1' ill ( : n \ • I 1 t I Jim 4.6 Fruits. Brafilian Fruits, 7"^^ Sour-fop. 1699. This Country produces great Variety of rincl v"^ Fruits, as very good Orr.ngcs of 3 or 4 Sorts •» fef.| Eecially one Sort of China Oranges \) Limes in A- undance, Pomegranates, Pomecitrons, Plantains,! Bonano's, right Coco-nuts, Guava's, Coco-phimb, (call'd here MunJJjeroo's) Wild-Grapes, fuch as I have defcrib'd [Vol. II. Part 2. p. 46.] befide fuch| Grapes as grow in Europe. Here ai.. alfo Flog- plumbs, Cuftard- Apples, Sour-fopi^ Cajhczvs^ P/^.l j-'tiifs (called here Mamoons) JdH)iip(dfs (called here Jefini-papab's) Manchineel- Apples and Mango's. Mango's are yet but rare here : I faw none of them| but in the Jefuifs Garden, which has a great many fine Fruits, and fome Cinnamon-trees. Thcfe, both of them, were firit brought from the EaJl-h-\ dies, and they thrive here very well : So do Pumple- muiTes, brought alfo from thence ; and both Cbiml and Sc"jil Oranges are here very plentiful as well as good. The Sour- fop (as we call it) is a large Fruit as big I as a Man's Head, of a long or oval Shape, and of a green Colour; but one Side is yellcA'ifli when ripe. The out-fide Rind or Coat is oretty thick, and very rough, with fmall lliarp Knobs i the In- fide is full of fpungy Pulp, within which alfo are many black Seeds or Kernels, in Sh :pe and Bigncfs like a Pumpkin-rfced. The Pulp is very juicy, of ;:i plealant 'I alio, and wholefome. You fuck the Juice out of the Pulp, and fo fpit it out. The Tree or Shiub that bears this Fruit grows about 10 or 12 Foot high, with a fmall fliort Body ; the Branches growing pretty ftrait up j for I did never fee any of them fprcad ;i broad. The Twigs are flcndcr and tough i and fo is the Stemb of the Fruit. This Fruit grows alfo both in the Eafi and Wcjl- Indict, ;| !( II," '' The when thick, I le In- fo are ] igncfs :y, of, k the The never gs are of the %fi and The Caflicw, Jcnnipah, and Arifah Fruitl 47 The Cajhew is a Fruit as big as a Pippin, pretty -^». 1699: [long, and bigger near the Stemb than at the other L-^V^^ jEnd, growing tapering. The Rind is fmooth and khin, ot" a red and yellow Colour. The Seed of this jyri'it grows at the End of it ; 'tis of an Olive Co- lour fhaped like a Bean, and about the fame Bignefs, [but not altogether fo flat. The Tree is as big as an Apple-Trec, with Branches not thick, yetfpreading off. The Boughs are grofs, the Leaves broad and round, and in Subftance pretty thick. This Fruit [is foft and fpongy when ripe, and fo full of Juice jfhat in biting it the Juice will run out on both Sides of one's Mouth. It is very pleafant, and gratefully [rough on the Tongue-, and is accounted a very jwholefome Fruit. This grows both in the Eajl jand Wejt-IndieSy where I have feen and eaten of it. The Jcnnipah or Jennipapab is a Sort of Fruit of [theCalabafli or Gourd-kind. It is about the Bignefs of a Duck-Egg, and fomewhat of an Oval Shape ; and is of a grey Colour. The Shell is not altoge- jther lo thick nor hard as a C ilabafh : 'Tis full of j'^hitifh Pulp mixt with fmall flat Seeds -, and both iPiilp and Seeds mufl: be taken into the Mouth, [where fucking out the Pulp, you fpit out Seeds. lie is of a Iharp and pleafing Talle, and is very in- nocent. Tht Tree that bears it is much like an lAlh, ftreight bodied, and of a good Height ; clear* from Limbs till near the Top, where there Bran- ches forth a fmall He:id. The Rind is of a pale [grey, and fo is the Fruit. We us'd of this Tree [to make Flelves or Plandles for Axes (for which ic is very proper) in the Bay of Campeachy i where jlhave feen of them, and no where elfe but here. Befides thefc, here are many Sorts of Fruits which II have not met with any where but here ; as Ari- [:ih's^ Mericafah'sy Pc'tango's, &c. Arifah'5 are an [excellent Fruit, not much bigger than a large Cher- [ry i Ihaped hke a Catherine- Pear, being fmall at the Sumb, ! ' * >• ' i; ■^ij.) M ! if M M )!,f 48 Mcricafah, Petango, Pctumbo, Mungaroo, cJ'r. jiH. i<^99.Stemb, and fwelling bigger towards the End. They ^^^'^^^ are of a greenifli Colcur, and have finall Seeds as I big as Murtard Seeds ; they are lomewhat tart, yet pleafant, and very whollbme, and may be eaten by fick People. MericafalfSy are an excellent Fruit, of which tu^re are 2 Sorts •, one growing on a fmall Tree or Shrubj which is counted the I. -"it i the other grow- ing on a Kind of Shrub like a Vine, which they plant about Arbours to make a Shade, having ma- ny broad Leaves. The Fruit is as big as a fmall 0- range, round and green. When they are ripe they are foft and fit to eat i full of white Pulp mixt thick with little black Seeds, and there is no feparating one from the other, till they are in your Mouth ; when you fuck in the white Pulp and fpit out the Stones. They are tart, pleafant, and very wholfome. Pc'ta>?go\ are a fmall red Fruit, that grow alio on fmall Trees, and arc as big as Cherries, but not fo globular, having one flat Side, and alfo 5 or 6 fmall protulerant Ridges. 'Tis a very pleafant | tart Fruit, and has a pretty large flattiih Stone in the Middle. Fr/umbo's^ are a yellow Fruit (growing on a Shrub like a Vine) bigger than Cherries, with a| pretty large Stone : Thefe arc fweet, but rough in the Mouth. Munq^aroo*^ are a Fruit as big as Cherries, red on one Side and white on the other Side : They are I faid to be full of fmall Seeds, which are commonly fwallowcd in eating them. Muckijljaiju^s, are iliid to be a Fruit as big as Crab- Apples, growing on large Trees. They have alfo fmall Seeds in the Middle, and are well tailed. JngzcrJs, arc a Fruit like the Locuft-Fruir, 4 Inches long, and one broad. They grow on high Trees. Ouw I : Muftcian-de-ova. T aim-berry ^ &c. 4P Oice^ is a Fruit as big as a large Coco-Nut. \tAn 1699. Ihath a Husk on the outfide, and a large Stone with- >>^VN^ lin, and is accounted a very fine Fruit. Mufteran-de-ova's^ are a round Fruit as big as ^large Hazel-Nuts, covcr'd with thin brittle Shells ,()l' a blackifli Colour : They have a fmall Stone in the middle, inciofed within a black pulpy Subflance, which is of a pleafant Tafte. I'he outfide Shell is chewed with the Fruit, and fpit out with the Stone, when the Pulp is fuck*d from them. The Tree that bears this Fruit is tall, large, and very hard Wood. I have not feen any of thefe five lad named Fruits, but had them thus defcribed to me by an Ir'ijh In- habitant of Bahia -, tho* as to this laft, I am apt to 'believe, I may have both feen and eaten of them in A:hin in Sumatra. Pdlni-herhes fcalled here Dcudees) grow plentifully i about Bahia ; the largeft are as big as Wall- nuts :, I they grow in Bunches on the top of the Body of the jTrec, among the Roots of the Branches or Leaves, [as all Fruits of the Palm-kind do. Thefe are the I fame kind, of Berries or Nuts as thofe they make the Palm-Oyl with on the Coafl: of Guinea^ where they abound : And I was told that they make Oyi with them here alfo. They fometimcs roaft and I eat them ; but when I had one roafted to prove it, I did not like it. Pb%fick-Nut5^ as our Seamen call them, are cal- led here Pincon ; and Agnus Cajlus is called here Carrepat : Thefe both grow here : So do Mendihees, a Fruit like P/^)y/t4-A'^/j. They fcorch them in a Pan over the Fire before they eat them. Mere are alfo great plenty of Cabbage-Trees, and I othir Fruits, which I did not get information about, and which I had not the Opportunity of leeing •, be- taufc this was not the Seafon^ it being our Spring, and confequently their Autumn, vshen their belt fruits were gone, tho' fome v/cre lef. However I Voj,. Ill, E 'avf 'mm \m:'if. ■i 1 1: i ■i •ft 1 ■ \i 1' a , ■ 1 * V 'i 'ir \r. Hiili . ( I < ill 1 1 !1fi ] H' i;i i ' vr. jO B. Fruits, Roots andUctbs.Wiid$.The7mma,&cc An. j699.fliw abundancr; of wild Berries in the Woods and I sy^^ Fields, but I could not learn their Names or Na-| ture. 'i'hpy have withal good plenty of ground Fi jit,| as Ca'Inv.jJices, Finc-Applcs, Pumkins, Water-Me- Ions, Musk-Melons, Cucumbers, and Roots \ ail Yams, Potato's C'lHava's, ^c. Garden-Herbs r.Koy f^ood lie '. r /ab^iges, Turnijs, Onions, Leeks, an.l abuiin.UKA '^ other Sallading, and for the Pot. I Drugs ^^ fevfj. '"orts, viz. Saflafras, Snake-Root, Uc. Bcfidc the V' .ods I mentioned for Dying, and other Ufes, as Fuftick, Speckled-wood, Gc, I brought home with me from hence a good Num-] ber of Plants, dried between the Leaves of Books; of fome of the choiceft of which, that are noil ■ fpoil'd, I may give i Specimen at the End of tliel Book. Here arc faid to be great plenty and variety ofl Wild-Fowl, viz. Temma*s, Maccazv*s ('which arc! called here Jackoo^s, and are a larger fort of Parrots,! and fcarcer) Parrots, Parakites, Flamingo's, Carl rion- Crows, Chattering-Crows, Cockrecoes, Bi!l[ Birds finely painted, Corrcfoes, Doves, Pidgeons,! Jeueiees, Clocking-HenS; Crab- Catchers, GaldcnsJ Currecoo's, Mufcovy Ducks, common Duck? Widgeons, Teal, Curlews, Men of War BirdsJ Booby's, Noddy's, Pelicans, &c. The Trmvia is bigger than a Swan, grey-featherj ed, with a long thick lliarp-pointed Bill. The Carrion- Crov/ and Chattering-Crows, ara called here Mackerazu*s, and are like thofe I dej fcribcd in the IVeft-Indies, [Vol. IL Part IL p. ^:\ The Bill of the Chattering-Crow is black, and ihJ LTpper-Bill is round, bending downwards like I Hawks-Bill, rifing up in a Ridge almolt Semi-cirj cular, and very ftiarp, both at the Ridge or ConJ vexity, and at the Point or Extremity : The Lovj cr-Bill is flat and Ihuts even with it. I was toM bi a ?A Bill-Bird, Curefo. Turtlc-Dovc, &c. 1 rt \^ Portugue: !j here, that their A/^r<7- Wenches make ^»- 1609; jLovc-Pot" s with thf^fc Birds. And the Portugueze V-OT*^ care not : let them h;ivj any of thele ^Jirds, to keep them ' 'om that Superftition : As ! round one Afternoon whei. I was in the Fields with a Padre landanoth.r, who fhot two of them, and hid them, |ai they laid, for that ilcaion. They are not good [Food, but their Bills arc reckoned a good Anti- [dote againft Poifon. • The Bill-Birds are fo called by the Eiiglifh, from • [their monftrous Bills, which are as big as their Bo- Idies. I faw none of thefe Birds here, but faw feve- jralof the Breafts fiea*d off and dried, for the Beau- Ity of them ; the Feathers were curioufly colour'd [with Red, Yellow, and Orange-colour. The L.'rrefo'a (called here Muckeraw^s) are fuch las are in che Bay 01' Campeachy [Vol. II. Part 2. p. Turtle-Doves are in great plenty here ; and two Iforts of Wild Pidgeons ; the one fort Blackifh, the [other a light Grey : The Blackilh or dark Grey are the Bigger, being as large as our Wood-Quefts, or iWood-Pidgeons in England. Both forts are very jood Meat -, and are in fuch plenty from Ma'j till cptember^ that a Man may Ihoot 8 or 10 Dozen in feveral Shots at one Handing, in a dole mifty Morn- ins G' when they come 10 feed on Berries that grow in the Woods. The Jenetee is a Bird as big as a Lark, with blackilh Feathers, and yellow Legs and Feet. 'Tis accounted very wholfome Food. Clo :king-Hens, are much like the Crab-catchers, yhich I have defcribed [^0/. II. Part 2. p. 70.] but Ithe Legs are oot altogether fo long. They keep al- ways in fwampy wet Places, tho* their Claws are Land-Fowls Claws. They make a Noife or M like our Brood-Hens, or Dunghil-Hens, when ^liey have Cjiickens, and for that Reafon they are E 2 called H; t "-• 1 1 . ( ; ' r It.' ■■ 'l f J : 4- 1 1 ,' 1 1 ( -J r! I 1 1 i ||;.i. <'l. h 52 fourth they want for half a Crown arc brought when they arc The Land 1 5heL'[), Goats, ame Kind i zrz. Liat>B[l<"oxcs, Monk ailed here P call'd ^ijiiltCi nd a Ibrt of \Portuguezc Ca Dogs^ The Lcopa lid to be Iar[ Couft they are vards the Hcai Jcldom found lions, where re three or Sizes and Coloi common-Uucks. in the wet^nother jort is hape and Fc /Iiisk. Here are fcv I'o the Southward o{ Bahia there are alio Oftridgfs vaftly trreat, i in great plenty, tho' 'tis faid, they are not fo large i\s the Rattle- as thole of yijrica : They arc found chiefly in the fmall Green Sn f m tr> Southern Parts of Brazil^ cfpecially among the large Savannahs near the River of Plate -, and from thencj further South towards the StreighiS of AL gi'llcV'. As for Tame Fowl at Bahia^ the chief befide their Ducks, are Dunghil-Fcwls, of which they have tw ibrts •, one fort much of the fize of our Cocks and in each Head li Ikns •, the other very large: And tlu; Feathers ot 1 cannot tel! tliefj iail are a long time coming forth •, fo that y fee them very naked wlien halt grown -, but when iheyare full gi'own and well feathered, tliey appear vci-y- large Fo>vb, as indeed they are j neither tiic the Stcmb of a long, very con Ihey have headed Snake, i'h Stripes, wh 'Tis faid to be ly under Grou Ground it is eal: Iv • Neither is i BeaflS' JVild-BeaJlSy Serpents. Amphisbxna. 53 [they want for Price •, tor t'.icy are fold at lUhia for -«*»^i^99. Ilulf a Crown or three Sliillings apiece, juit as thy jare brought fird to Market out of the Country, [when they arc fo lean as to be fcarce lit to eat. Ti\c Land Animals here arc 1 lorfes, black Cattli*, jShecp, Goats, Rabbits, Mogs, Leopards, Tygers, jFoxcs, Monkeys, Pecary (a fort of wild 1 logs, called here Pica) Armadillo, AHigators, Guano's [(call'd ^iifittci') lx/.ard8, Serpents, Toads, Lro^rs, md a fort of amphibious Creatures called by the iPortiiguezc Cachora'a de agna^ in En^lijh Water- jDogs. The Leopards and Tygcrs of this Country arc Ifiid to be large and very fierce : But here on th« jCoaft they arc either deihoyed, or driven back to- wards the Heart of the Country •, and therefore are jlcldom found but in the Borders and Out-planta- |tions, where they oftentimes do Mifchief Here are three or four forts ot Monkeys, of difiercnt LSizcs and Colours. One fort is ^'cry large ; and a- Qother fort is very fmall : Thefe lall aie ugly ia Shape and Feature, and have a ftrong Seen: of iMusk. Here are fevcral forts of Serpents, many of them raftly great, and moil of them very venomous : \s the Rattle-fnake for one : And for Venom, a fmall Green Snake is bad enough, no bigger than the Stcmb of a Tobacco-pipe, and about 18 Inches jlong, very common here. They have here alfo the A/nphlfbccna^ or Two- beaded Snake, of a grey Colour, mixt with black- li!h Stripes, whofe Bite is reckon'd to be incurable. TTis faid to be blind, tho' it has two fmall Specks p each Head like Eyes : But whether it fees or not cannot tell. They fay it lives like a Mole, hioit- |y under Ground •, and that when it is found above iGround it is eafily kill'd, becaufe it moves but flow- Neither is its Sight ("if it hath any) fo good as to E z difcern :. k « ? ■'.! 'U , i M''\^ \ \ ,' f M' 1 i I , m n 1 ■ t iii'^ .,.• m I. m i '. 54 Lan^ and fVater- Serpents: 'An. 1699 clifccrn any one that comes near to kill it : as few of ^^^>r^ thcfe Creatures fly at a Man, or hurt him but when he comes in their way. 'Tis about 14 Inches long, and about the higneis of the inner Joint of a Man'j middle Finger •, being of one and the fame bignds from one Knd to the other, with a Head at each Knd, fas tlicy faid •, for I cannot vouch it, for one I had was cut fliort at one Kndj and both alike in fhapc and bigncis •, and 'tis faid to move with ci- ther Head foremoft, indifferently 1 whence *tis called by the Pnrtuguezej Cobra de djs Cabcfas^ the Snake with two Heads. I'hc final 1 black Snake is a very venomous Crea- ture. There is alfo a grey Snake, with red and brown Spotr, all over its back. 'Tis as big as a Man's Arm, and about 3 Foot long, and is faid to be venomous, I law one of the fe. 1 {ere are two forts of very large Snakes or Ser- pents : One of 'cm a 1 -and-fnake, the other a Vva- ter-fnakc. The Land-lnake is of a grey Colour, And about iH or 20 Foot long : Not very venO' mous, but ravenous. I was promifed the fight of ene of their Skins, but wanted Opportunity. I'he Watcr-fiiakc is faid to be near 30 Foot long, Thefc live wholly in the Water, either in large Ri vers, or great ].akcs, and prey upon any Creature that comes within their Reach, be it Man or Be;ill. They draw their Prey to them with their Tails : for when they fee any thinp; on the Banks of rhe River or I.-ake where tlicy lurk, they fwing about their Tails 10 or 12 Foot over the Bank ; and whatever Hands within their Sweep is fnacch'd witli great Vi Olcnce into the River, and drowned by ttiem. Nay 'tis reported very credibly tl'.at if they Il-c only a lliade f)f any Animal at all on the Water, they willflouritTi tiieir 7'ail.s to bring iii the Man or Bcail vvhofe Shade they fee, and arc oftentimes too fuccefsful in ir Where- Great fFaterfnake of Braz. Cuchora dc Agua. > 5 Wherefore Men that have Bufincfs near any Place -^». 1^99. where theic Water-Monllcrs are rulpcdcd to lurk, ^-OPW .ire always provided with a Gun, which they often fire, and that fcares them away, or keeps them quiet. They are faid to have great Heads, and ifrong Teeth about 6 Inches long. I was told by an IriJJ) Man who lived here, that his Wife's Father was very near being taken by one of them about this Time of my firft Arrival here, wlien his Father was with him up in the Country : For the Beaft floiirifh'd his Tail for him, but came not nigh e- nougli by a Yard or two j however it feared him lufficicntly. The amphibious Creatures here which I faid are called by the Poriugueze Cue bora* s de ylgua, or Wa- ter-dogs, are faid to be as big as fmall Mallifls, and are all hairy and Ihaggy from Head to Tail. They have 4 fhort Legs, a pretty long Head and fliort Tail i and arc of a blackifb Colour. They live in freHi Water-ponds, and oftentimes come aOiore and Sun thcmfelves -, but retire co the Water if aflault- icd. They are eaten, and faid to be good Food. Several of thefe Creatures which I have now fpoken of I have not feen, but inform'd my felf about them I while I was here at Bahia, from fober and fcnfible Perlbns among the Inhabitants, among whom I met I with fome that could fpeak Englijh. In the Sea upon this Coaft there is great Store and iDiverfity of Fifli, viz. Jew-fifh, for which there is :i great Market at Balm in Lent : Tarpoon's, Mul- lets, Groopers, Snooks, ^ ar-fiili (called here Goo- /iw's,j GoraJJes^ Barrama's, Coquinda's, Cavallie's, Cuchora*s (or Dog-lifh) Conger-l^^ls, Herrings \Ui I was toldj the Serrew, the Olio dc Boy, (I [write and fpell them juft as they were named to im) Whales, ^c, E4 Here l: • , u ':'' ,1 11 lU i 1 r M^ » • ti , - i t, (11- ■ ' ' ■! \\r 1 'l;'r t!; ' t ' il 5 6 Shell-Fijh, Green Turtle. Hawks-bill Turtle] Un. i6p9. Here is alfo Shcll-fifh ftho* in lefs Plenty ab'^jt ^•^"^^^^ Babia than on other Parrs of the CoaftJ viz. Lob- fters, Craw-fifh, Shrimps, Crabs, Oyfters of the common Sort, Conchs, Wilks, Cockles, Mufcles, Perriwinklcs, ^c. Here are three Sorts of Sea- Turtlc, viz. HawksbiJl, Loggorhead, and Green: Biit none of them arc in any efteem, neither Spmii- ards nor PoytU7j(ezf loving them: Nay they have a great Antipathy agiinll: tliem, and would much ra- ther c.it a Porpoiie, tho' our Englifh count the green I'urclc very extraordinary Food. The Rea- fon that is commonly given in the Wejl-Imlie^ for the S ['■aiiiar'di not caring to eat of them, is the Fear r.liey have k^d, being ulually foul-bodied, and many of them pox'd (lyirig, as they do, fo promifcu- oaHy with their Negrine;:. and other She-flaves) they lliould break out ioatlifomely like Lepers -, which this Sort of Food, 'tis fiid, does much encline Men to do, fcarching the Body, and driving out any fuch grois Humours ; For which Caufe many of our Eu^ijh Videtudinarians h;ive gone from Jamnicn^ (tho' there they have alfo Turtle j to the I. Caimarm^\ at the L.aying-timc, to live wholly upon Turtle chat then abound tlicre -, purpofely to have their Bo- dies fcour'd by this Food, and their Diftempers dri- ven out •, and have been laid to have found many of rhem good Succefs in it. But this by the way. The Hawks-bill-1'urtle on this Coaft of Brazil is molt fought after of any, for its Shell ; which by Report of thofe I have convers'd with at BaMa^ is the clear- ed and bell clouded Tortoife-iliell in the World. 1 liad fomc oF it/hewn inr, which was indeed as good as I ever faw. They get a pretty deal of it iniome Parts on this Coafl ; but 'tis very dear.-^-^^ Befide tliis Port of Biibia de todos los Santos^ there are 2 more principal Ports on Brazil^ where £'/• ropcan Sliips Trade, viz. Pernanilmc and Ria Jan-'.- ra j and I was told that there go as many Ships to c:Uii| i : I ^: Turtle: ty ab'-jt 7z. Lob- 5 of the Mufclcs, of Sea- l Green: er Sfnni- y have a much n- onnc the rhe Rea- fmiies for the Fear md many ^romiicu- ves) they 1 ■, which olinc Men out any ny of our Jamn'ua Caimam, .n. Turtle their Bo- npers dri- many of ay. The is molt Report the clear- Vorld. 1 d as good it in feme A7.f, there /here Eh- iia Jiu::!- r Ship'; to c.uii St. Paul's, &c. in Brazil. 57 a"h of thefe Places as to Bahia, and 2 Men of War -^». 1699. ro each Place for their Convoys. Of the other '-^Wi' Ports in this Country none is of greater Note than that of St. Paul*Sy where they gather much Gold ; but the Inhabitants are fliid to be a Sort of Banditti^ • or loofe People that live under no Government : But their Gold brings them all Sorts of Commodi- ties that they need, as Clothes, Arms, Ammuniti- on, ^c. The Town is faid to be large and ftrong. CHAP. \ i! 't ■^''''mi'\m^^^ i !;• 1 1 I Is ''\^ \l m ■f ] 1 fj ■Hi 1 ' HMJ • i . ; > I '3 S ne As Stay at Bahia ; and Trep. to go a'wai, [As*. 1699. CHAP. III. The Jl.'s Stay and Bttfinefs at Bahia : Of the Pf^indt and Siafom of the Tear there, tin I eparture for N.Holland. C. Salvadorc. The IVtndi on the Rrafilian Coaft; and Abrohio Shoal; fi(h, and liirds : The Shear-7vater Hird, and Caol^in^ of Sharks, kx- (tffive number of Birds about a dead While ; of the Pintado- lird, and the Petrel, iVc. Of a llird that fl)tws the C.of G. y\o\>t tobenear : Of the 'ea recl^Dnin^!, a»c. T^K rcfrcfliii'g m Of the Winds and Seafons about Eahia. 59 niy Men, and taking in Water, was the main alfo An. 1699^ of my Buiinefs here •, befide the having the better ^-0/^\^ Opportunity to compofe the Difordeis among my Crew: Which, as I have before related, were grown to fo great a Heighth, that they could not without great Difficulty be appealed : However, linding Opportunity, during my Stay in this Placr, to allay in ibme Mcafure the Ferment that had been ruifcd among my Men, I now fet my felf to provide for the carrying on of my Voyage with more Heart than before, and put all Hands to work, in order to it, as faft as the Backwardncfs of my Men would permit i who fhew'd continually their Unwillingnefs to proceed farther. Bcfides, their Heads were ge- nerally fiU'd with (Irange Notions of Southc rly Winds that were now letting in fand tliere had been already fome Flurries of themj which, as they fur- mis'd, would hinder any farther Attempts of go- ing on to the Southward, fo long as they lliould la(t. The Winds begin to fhift here in Jpril and Scp- imkr^ and the Seafons of the Year (the Dry and the WetJ alter with them. In April the Southerly Winds make their Entrance on this Coaft, bringing in tlic wet Seafon, with violent Tornadoes, Thun- der and Lightening, and much Rain. In Septemhe. the other Coafling Trade, at Faft North-F'.aft comes in, and clears the Sky, bringir^ iiiir Wea- ther. This, as to the Change of Wind, is what I have obferv*d Vol. II. Part. 3. p. 19. but as to the Change of Weather accompanying it fo exadlly here at Babia^ this is a particular F'xception to what I have experienc'd in all other Places of South Lati- tudes that I have been in betv/een the 'J'ropicks^ or thofe I have heard of; for there the dry Seafons fets in, in ylpril^ and the Wet about October or Novem- hcr^ fooner or later (^as I have faid that they are, in South Latitudes, the Kevcrfe of the Seafons, or Weather, 11 i't im I ! If :■ 1 'J i, ' H! ■ :;■ r^ I know not ; but I was alViirccI by a iMcrchanil there, that if they got mo into their Clutches find it Teems, when I was hid afliore they had narrowly watchM niej the (rovernoiir himfeU" could not re- Jeale me. Befides I mi<^ht either be murthcr'd ini the Streets, as he lent me Word, or poil'oned, if H came afbore any more ; and tlurrefore hcadvifc-d mcjj to (lay aboard. Indeed I had now no further BufiF nefsalhore but to take le^ve of the (jovernour, and! therefore took his Advice. Our Stay here was till the 23d of April. Twonldl have gone before if I could Iboner have fitted my ielf •, but was now carneH: to be gone, becaufc this! Harbour lies open to the S. and S. S. W. which arel raging Winds here, and now was the Scafon for them. We had ?.. or ■^ I'ouches of them ; and one pretty fevere, and the Ships ride there fo near each other, that if a Cable fliould fail, or an Anchor itart, you are iaftantly aboard of one Ship or other: And I was more afraid of being difabled here in Harbour by thefe blullring W^inds^ than difcoun- ged by them, as my People were, from profccutmg the Voyage ; for at prefcnt I even wifh'd for a brisk Southerly Wind as foon as I fhould be once wd! out of the Ilarbour, to list me the fooner into the| Uue General Trade- Wind. ['he Tide of Flood being fpent, and having a fine Land-Breeze on the 23d, in the Morning, !l went away from the Anchoring place before 'twa.s light i and then lay by till Day-light that we might fee the better how to go out of the Harbour. I had a Pilot belonging to Mr. Cock^ who went out with me, to whom 1 gave 3 Dollars ; but I found 1 could as well have gone out my felf, by the Sound- in[rs 1 made at coming in. The Vv^ind was E. byN.I r.nd fair Weather. By 10 a Clock I was got palt ail iJanger, and then fcnc away my Pilot. At 12 Capt 2ali!iiu»"-\ Wtrids und Breezes. Lot)^. taken from C.SaU. 5| hiilvadore bora N. diftant 6 I.caguc";, and we had th€^». »^99- Winds between the l\. by N. and S. K. a conlidcia- U^Y^*^ blc Time, To tliac we kept along near ihc Shore, commonly in Sight of it. 'J'hc Scjuthcrly Blafts had how left us again ; for they come at firft in fliort jHurries, and fhift to other Points (for lo or 12 [Days fomctimes) before they are quite fee in : And '»vc had uncertain Winds, between Sea and Land- I Breezes, and the Coafting-Trade, which was its ielf lunlcttled. The Eaflerly- Winds at prefcnt made me doubt jl fliould not weather a great Slioal which lies in 1,;U. between 18 deg. and 19 deg. S. and runs a mnt Way inio the Sea, dircdly from the 1 .and, haflcrly. Indeed the Weather was fair (and conti- nued fo a good whilej fo that I might the better a- Jvoid any Danger from it : And if the Wind came to jithe Southward I knew I could ftrctch off to Sea i fo [that I jogg'd on couragioufly. The 27th of yipril ke faw a fmall Brigantine under the Shore plying to the Southward. We alio faw many Men of War- birds and Boobies, and Abundance of .'f/Z'i^or^-FiJh. Having ftill fair Weather, fmall Gales, and Ibme Calms, I had the Opportunity of trying the Current, viiidi I found to fet fometimes Northerly and fortie- [limcs Southerly : And therefore knew I was ftill Ulchin the Verge of the Tides. Being now in the jlat. of the Ahrohlo Shoals, which I expcftcd to incct with, I founded, and had Water lefTe^ing from 40 ro 33, and lo to 25 Fathom : But thtn it rok again to 33, 35, 37, ^c. all Coral Rocko. Wfiillt we v/ere on this Shoal (which we crois'd to- hvards the further part of it from Land, where ic V deep, and fo was not dangerous) we caught a |i:reat many Fifli with Hook and 1 ane : and by eve- ng Amplitude we had 6 deg. 38 min. Eall Varra- K.on, 'This was the 27th of April; we were then [inLat. 1 8 deg. 13 min. S. and Eaft Longitude from Cape y f' 1 I ,1 1! '; I ' J '; 1. M H Fowl but Shear-waters, as our Sea-men call thcmJ being a fmall black Fowl that fweep the Water J they tiy, and are much in the Seas that lie withou:! either of the I'rofncks : they are not eaten. ^V| caught 3 fmall Sliarks, each 6 Foot 4 Inches longil and they were very good Food for us. The ncxi Day we caught 3 more Sharks of the fame Size, anil we eat them alfo, elteeming them as good Filll boil'd and prefs'd, and then ftew'd with Vinegar and Pepper. We had nothing of Remark from the 3d of M^] to the icth, only now and then feeing a fmxl Whale fpouting up the Water. We had the \Vin| Eallerly, and wc ran with it to the Southward, rur. ning in this Time from the Lat. of 20 deg. 00 m. i 29 deg. 5 min. S, and havijig then 7 d. 3 m. ^ Long, from C. S^hadorc j the Variation incrcafinj ii;:oi • « \jnnum. Fowls. Tint ado-birds. Shear-waters y Sec. 6 $ upon us, at prefcnt, notwithfland^ng wc went Eaft. An. 1699- We had all along a great Diilercnce between tl.e '^'^^''^ Morning and Evening Amplitudes •, iifually a Dc- Igree or two, and rometimes m(>rc. \\ c were now lin the true Trade, and therefore made good Way to the Southward, to get without the Verge of" the General Trade- Wind into a Weftcrly Wind's way, jthat might carry us towards the Cape ot (rocd Ho/c, y the 1 2th of May, being ii\ Lat. ;^m deg. 10 min. c began to meet with Wefterly Winds, which rcfhned on us, anci did not leave us till a little be- orc wc made the Cape. Sometimes it blew To hard h.it it put us under a Forc-courie •, crpecially in the .'ight •, but in the Day-time we K\d commotdy our lain 1 op-fliil rift. We met with mvhing of Mo- nt j only we paft by a dead Whale, and faw Mil- ions (as I may fay) of Sea- Fowls about the Carcafs and as far round about it as we cpuld feej fome ding, and the rcfb flying abi>ut, or fitting on the ater, waiting to take th^ir i urns. We firfl dif- ovcred the Whale by the Fowls •, for indeed I did ever fee fo many Fowls at once in my Life before, heir Numbers being inconceivably great: They re of divers Sorts in Bigr.efs, Shape and Colour. jme were ahnofi: as big ai. Gcefe, of a grey Colour, ;iii white Brealls, and with fuch Bills, Wings, and ':.i!s. Some were P/^/Mi/i-Biids, as big as Ducks, nd fpeckled black and white. Some were Shear- Iters i fome Petrels •, and there were feveral Sorts t large Fowls. We faw of thcfe Birds, efpecially \y~ Pv-:ttiJ'j-b'n-ds, all the Sea overirom about 200 .igues diilant from the Coaft of Brazil, to with- r.Kich the fame Di{l;mce of Nrji'-HcHavd. 'I"he ■''■'>'hh is a Southern Bin], and of tnat temperate ont! ; for I never faw of them much to the Nor- ird of 0,0 deo;. S. I'he Pbitadc-h'ixd is as bio; as a !iu< ', but appears, as it flies, about the Bignefs of time Pidgeon, havhig a IhortTail, but tiiC Wings V L. III. JF very r1 ' 1 ^.1! ^ ^ \ *l ' , r^ I 1' ■■■ ■( ' IP- \ r i 66 The Tint ado bird defer ib'd. The Petrel. Jn. i6<;9 very lon[^, as niofl Sea-Fowls have ; cfpecially fui -y^/'^' as tlK'I'c^'tli.u tly far from the Shore, and fcldoi come: ni^!,!! it •, for ilu-ir Relling is riuip[;f. afloai on the Water-, but they lay, I i'uppcfe, allior| ThfM'!- are three Sorts ot" tiiclc Birds, all of die fai ]V!akc and Bi^r.cfs, and are only din'crcnt in Cok Tlu full is liacL all over : 'Ihf fecond Sort grey, wirh white Bellies and Breads. The tl Sort, which is the true Pbitado^ or tainted-bird, curiou'ly I'potted white and black. Their Hca and the Tips of their Wings and Tails, are bi; for about an Inch j and tlieir Wings are alloc' quite round with fuch a fniall black Lift *, only \ in the black on the Tip of their Wings there wiute Spot feeniing as they fly ^for then their Sp are beil k^:v\) as big as a Half-crown. All thisisj the Ourfide of the Tails and Wings-, and as thm a white Spot in the black Tip of the Wings, lo il is in the Middle of the Wings which is white, ;' bli| Spot •, b'U this, towards the Back of the Bird, tin gradually to a dark grey, I'he Back its fell', tij| the I lead to the Tip of the Tail, and the Edg the Wing^, next to the Back, are all over-fpo with fine fmall, round, white and black Spots, big as a Silver Two-pence, and as clofe as theyi ffick one by anotlier : The Belly, Thighs, Si( and inner-part of the W'ings, are of a light gi Hiefe Hi; di., of all thcfc Sorts, fly many togct^'i in; never high, but alniolt fweeping the Water fl^ot one a while after on the Water in a C.ilm, a Water-Spaniel \\v. hud with us brought it have given a Pit^iurc of it [See Birds^ Fig. i.j it was fo daninged, that the Piclure doth not it to Ads-aruage ; and its Spots are bcfl feen vij the Feiiliiers are fj-.read as it flies 'J'he Petrel is a Bird not much unlike a S\su\ but fmaller, and wirh a fhorter Tail. 'Tis allcj black, exc(.pt a white Spot on the Rump. T| 1 . |:i ivi/j • /^//-/>/-5 .p. 66. ^.z. hi r larauna , deJcrtlud tl}e J^ttxta.da 3ird I ■ L ill ■ • \ I ; 11 f ^ \ ■m \\ h'^ji ^ m W 11 c \x V IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I i£ Itt 1! lit « .,. 1^ m. Hiotographic Sciences Corporation |||l.25 1 u III— < 6" - ► 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 '^ V*'^^ #,<" ^ <\ ( ) t il'i I i ii r 111 I ' d' !> 1'' i' ■1 '■ *3 t i i [ ' it i i'!' ) ■'1 ' III! f 'i^; ■ \ ■ !'' ' 1 i',*' 1 ■;ii' . ! ■ ' I: '1 '1 ' ■' ' ■*v i '1 I \ <'l -•'.if ^.•«*»'' I ■■iff i.';^\<\\\ iVS'V C\ t t\ \S^\ » .l''-*^ *».. ^*'' ri «*^'?f^ ymathn. Fowls {hewing the C.o/G. Hope near, 6 7 Pv fwceping like Swallows, and very near the Wa--rf». 1699: ter. They are not (o often feen in fair Weather ; V^^Y^si being Foul-weather Birds, as our Seamen call them, land prefaging a Storm when tbey come about a Ship* who for tliat Reafon don't love to fee them. In a Storm they will hover clofe under the Ship's jStern, in the Wake of the Ship fas 'tis call'd) or the Smoothnefs which the Ship's paffing has made on the Sea : And there as they fly fgcntly then j they jpat the Water alternately with their Feet, as if they Iwalk'd upon it ; tho* ftill upon the Wing. And Ifrom hence the Seamen give them the Name of Pe- Urels, in Allufion to St., Peier*s walking upon [the Lake of Gennefareth. ' We alfo faw many Bunches of Sea-weeds in the |Lat. of 39. 32. and by Judgment, near theMeridi- m of the Ifland Trlftian d* Jconha : And then we ^ad about 2 d. 20 min. Eaft Variation : which was low again decreafing as we ran to the Eaftward, till lear the Meridian of Afcention ; where we found little or no Variation : But from thence, as we ran farther to the Eaft, our Variation increafed Wefterly. Two Days before I made the Cape of G. Hope^ vj Variation was 7 deg. 58 min. Weft. I was then 43 deg. 27 min. Ealt Longit. from C. Salvador^ sing in Lat. 35 deg. 30 min. this was the the firft )f June. The fecond of June I faw a large black "owl, with a whitifti flat Bill, fly by us j and took jreat Notice of it, becaufe in the Eaft-India Wag- goner, or Pilot-book, there is mention made of irge Fowls, as big as Ravens, with white flat Bills fnd black Feathers, that fly not above 30 Leagues from the Cape^ and arc look'd on as a Sign of ones king near it. My Reckoning made me then think by ielf above 90 Leagues from the Capc^ according fo the Longitude which the Cape hath in the com- mon Sea- Charts : So that I was in fome doubt, ^'hether thefe were the right Fowls fpoken of in the F 2 Waggoner-, '^: -ill/'ML ■ If 1.1 ■t" I! "'1:1 ■i!i J 1- t f l! 5 .,! 'it :.i ifii !,i 6S Errors in Ships Reckonings. ^w. 1699. 'Waggoner i or whether thofc Fowls might not! ^^•''^y^^ tartlicr off Shore than is there meritioned ; or vi thcr, as it prov'd, I might not be nearer the Cj than I reckoned my felf to be ; for I found, fo/ after, that 1 was not then above 25 or ^o Lcngj at moll from the Cape. Whether the Fault wj in the Charts laying down the Cape too much to Kaft from Brazil, or were rather in our Reckonia 1 could not tell : But our Reckonings are liablel fuch Uncertainties from Steerage, Log, Currerj Ilalf-MinuLe-GlalTes •, and fometimes want of Cai as in fo long a Run caufe often a Diitcrence of mj Leagues in the whole Account. Moll of my Men that kept Journals imputedl to the Half-Minute Glaffes: and indeed we hadr.1 a good Glafs in the Ship befide the Half-watch I Tvvo-Hour-Glafles. i^s for our Half-Minute-Gl] fes we tried them all at fcveral Times, and we fou thofe that we had ufcd from Brazil as much /hort, as others we had ufed before were too Ion which might well make great Errors in thofefevc] Reckonings. A- Ship ought therefore to havei GlalTes very exadt •, and befides, an extraordinil Care ought to be ufed in heaving the Log, for Fa of giving too much Stray-Line in a moderate Gi and alfo to (lop quickly in a brisk Gale, for wheJ Ship riins 8, 9 or 10 Knots, half a Knot or a Knoi foon run out, and not heeded : But to prevent DJ gcr, when a Man thinks himfelf near Land, thel way is to look out betimes, and lye by in the NightJ a Commander may err eafily himfelf ; befide thel rors of thofe under him, tho' never fo carefully eyj Another Thing that flumbled mc here was Taiatlnn^ which, at tiiis Time, by the lail Airj tude I had I found to be but 7 deg. 58 min. whereas the Variation at the Cape (from whicij found my felf not qo Leagues diftantj was i\ computed, and truly, about 11 deg. or nioi difficulties in taking the Variation, 69 nd yet a while after this, when I was got 10 -^^ '^99. gjes to the Kaftward of the Cape^ I found the ' fariition but lodcg. 4omin. W. whereas it iliould jve been rather more than at the Cape. Thefe [hings. I conlLfs, did puzzle me : Neither was I Illy iansfied as to the Exadtnefs of the taking the [ariation at Sea : For in a great Sea, which we of- )n meet with, the Compais will traverfe with the Jorion of the Ship •, befides the Ship may and will Eviite fomcwhat in (leering, even by the bell lelmfmen : And then when you come to take an zmuth^ there is often fome Difi'erencc between that looks at the Compafs, and the Man that ;es the Altitude heighth of the Sun •, and a Imall rror in each, if the Error of both fliould be one [ay, will make it wide of any great Exadncfs. But liat was mod Ihocking to me, I found that the Va- idon did not always increafe or decreafc in Pro- artion to the Degrees of Longitude Eall or Weft.; I had a Notion they might do to a certain Num- kr of Degrees of Variation Eaft or Weft, at p or fuch particular Meridians. But finding in lis Voyage that the Difference of Variation did )t bear a regular Proportion to th^ Difference of Dngitude, I was much pleas'd to l^e it thus ob- rv'd in a Scheme fliewn me after my Return home, lerein are reprefented the feveral Variations in the iiliintick Sea, on both Sides the Equator ; and there, Je Line of no Variation in that Sea is not a Meridi- Line, but goes very oblique, as do thofe alfo |hich fhew the Increafe of Variation on each Side fit. In that Draught there is lb large an Advance [ade as well towards the accounting for thofe feem- ;ly irregular Increafes and Decreafes of Variation ^wards the S. E. Coaft of America, as towards the ifing a general Scheme or Syftem of the Variation Ijery where, which would be of fuch great Ufe in pavigation, that I cannot but hope that the ingenious F 3 Author, ;■ '\i \\ ■4 J. ft. tk 5,,:;* .f '. f'l \. i u ^i*?i' J 'ii t ' N f <4 I h u !■ it 111, > I! 70 C. Hal. Scheme of the Var obferv'd tn this Voj. 'An. 1699- Author, Capt. UalUjy who to his profound Skill in V^ 28 i8 13 00 31 6 38 30 19 00 2 20 6 30 May, 2 19 22 3 51 8 15 3 20 I 3 40 7 5 22 47 3 48 9 40 6 H n 3 53 7 3^ ' 7 25 44 3 53 10 15 8 26 47 4 35 7 H 9 28 9 5 50 9 45 10 29 5 7 3 II 41 1 1 29 2^ 1 7 38 12 47 s W. from St. Jago. k E. from C. Salvador in Brand, - « M]. A Table of Variations, 1699. Ma'j, 'June, Juh. »7 34 18 34 »9 35 23 39 25 39 1 Z5 5 35 6 36 8 36 9 35 12 35 14 35 15 34 17 34 19 34 20 34 22 33 25 35 28 36 29 36 30 36 I 35 4 33 6 3» 7 31 10 32 II 33 13 21 15 29 18 28 23 26 24 26 25 26 26 25 D. M. S.Lat. ~58 54 48 42 1 1 30 8 » 17 59 20 5 5» 27 17 15 34 8 40 40 '5 35 32 30 45 39 4 »7 20 16 43 28 14 36 D. M. Longit. ii~43~ 19 06 19 45 27 I 31 25 43 27 00 23 c 3 6 10 12 20 26 3 o 18 13 29 24 36 8 39 24 42 25 45 41 45 28 49 33 52 12 56 22 58 44 66 22 68 34 69 00 70 21 72 00 74 43 15 2-5 78 29 84 19 85 20 85 52 86 21 D. M. Variar. 5 40E 6 19 5 6 2 55 2 o 75SW 10 40 11 10 15 00 19 38 21 35 23 50 25 56 24 54 25 29 24 22 22 15 24 30 22 50 22 44 21 40 19 45 16 40 12 20 12 2 13 36 12 29 TO O 10 28 9 5» 9 8 II 9 8 40 8 20 7X ., ^)t, 1699.. ) I i^ ^' .•< « £. from C. O. Hope. F4 7«^/. i\ i it J' i, i ! i H^' ill. i.r; I;! . ■ !!»' 7i '^11. 1699. y^ T'tf^/^' 4 ^OT<»r. / E. from C. A/4^<» in N. Guinea. g E. from C. ^/. Gwr^e on I. N. Britannia, % W. from ditto. i W. from C. Aialia. U(i\ A Table of Variations. 73 D.M. D. M. D. M. ^». 1699. 1700. S.Lat. Longit. k Variar. ^•VVI May. 1 3 00 2 I/; K 1 24 9 59 00 25 / 15W 27 14 33 3 30 I 25 June, 2 19 44 8 7 5 38 3 19 51 9 58 6 10 4 19 46 II 6 6 20 5 20 00 12 22 4 58 6 20 00 14 17 7 20 9 19 59 16 01 6 32 II 9 57 17 42 8 I 12 19 48 19 6 Nov, 7 21 26 m 9 14 27 I 35 35 16 50 15 27 10 36 34 18 57 1 16 27 II 37 54 17 24 19 28 14 41 40 19 39 21 29 24 44 47 20 50 23 29 42 47 34 21 38 24 30 16 49 26 26 00 25 30 40 51 24 22 38 27 31 51 55 5 22 40 29 32 55 56 28 27 10 » 30 31 55 57 25 27 10 Dec, I 31 57 58 17 24 30 1 2 31 57 59 33 27 57 4 32 3 61 45 24 50 6 32 15 66 00 23 30 • 7 37 28 68 36 24 48 8 33 49 64 38 21 53 9 32 49 70 09 24 00 II 32 50 71 45 21 15 k At Anchor off I. Ctram. I W. from 64^40-Bay. m W. from Fri^w Iflc by Jivd-H^iH, yn , ■i:!' '■ ii4 D-?r. ^! j] I I" .1 ■'i|. '>li id. h I II M'. fill i' H 74 'jIm. 1699. jf Table of Variations. 1 D.M. D. M. D. M. 1700. S.Lat. Longit. Variat. Dec. 13 31 55 72 32 20 16W 14 31 35 /3 59 20 00 *5 32 21 7S 22 20 00 17 33 5 79 39 18 42 18 33 80 39 '7 15 21 34 39 82 46 16 41 22 34 36 83 19 14 36 23 34 21 83 42 14 00 25 34 38 84 21 14 00 1 701. Jan. 15 31 25 2 32« 10 20 16 30 5 4 42 9 36 17 28 46 6 8 8 25 - 18 27 26 7 32 7 40 19 26 n 9 9 7 30 20 25 00 10 49 7 9 21 23 42 12 34 655 22 11 51 14 10 5 56 23 21 48 15 17 5 32 24 21 24 15 51 4 56 26 19 57 16 48 4 20 27 19 lO 17 22 3 24 28 18 13 18 23 4 00 29 17 22 19 29 2 00 /V^. 16 12 52 3 ^0 I 50 17 II 55 4 42 1 10 18 II 17 5 30 20 19 10 22 6 32 I 10 2 1 We made the I. ^ ifcention. n W. from the laiU Land at C. G.Htf/#, fi W. $a»/4 Htltn*. But \Mefting the A. ofL. The A .pajfes tU C ofG, H. 75 But to return from this DigrciTjon : Having fair jin. i6<)9« hVcather, and the Winds h^nginj^ SojtiK-rly, Ijog'd ^>^W^ Ion to the Eallward, to m ikc the Capr. On the [third of June we law a Sill to Leeward of us, flicw- ling F'nglijh Colours. I bore away to fpeak witii her, and found her to be tlie Anteloi)e of London, com- manded by Captain Hammond, and bound for the Bay of Bengal in the Service of the New -EaJ}- India Company. There were many Paflengcrs aboard, going to fettle there under Sir Edward Littleton^ who was going Chief thither : I went aboard, and was known by Sir Edward and Mr. Hedges, and [kindly received and treated by them and the Com- mander J who had been afraid of us before, tho* I had fent one of my Officers aboard. They had been in at the Cape, and came from thence the Day before, having ftock'd themfelves with Refrefh- ments. They told me that they were by Reckon- ing, 60 Miles to the Weft of the Cape, While I was aboard them, a fine fmall Wefterly Wind fprang up; therefore I fhortned my ftay with them, be- caufe I did not defign to go into the Cape. When [I took leave I was prefented with half a Mutton, 12 Cabbages, 12 Pumkins, 6 Pound of Butter, 6 Couple of Stock-fifli, and a quantity of Parfnips ; |fending them fome Oatmeal, which they wanted. From my firft fettingout from England, I did not Idefign to touch at the Cape ; and that was one Rca- fon why I touch'd at Brazil, that there I might re- frefh my Men, and prepare them for a long Run to liVra; Holland. We had not yet feen the Land ; but labout 2 in the Afternoon we faw the Cape-h^Lnd bearing Eaft, at above 16 Leagues diftance : And Captain Hammond being alfo bound to double the \Cape, we jog'd on together this Afternoon and the liiext Day, and had feveral fair Sights of it ; which |wliich may be feen [Table III. N*^. 6, 7, 8.] To m .' r : * ,':? ' »■• ^ ' ^^ I rMi^. •■ Ml: 76 Coloured Clouds boding a St or ml 'Am. 1699: To proceed : Having flill a Wcftcrly Wind, I ^^V*^ jog'd on in company with the /Intelope^ till Sunday June the 4th at 4 in the Afternoon, when wc part- ed i tht y lU'ering away for the Eafl-Iriciies^ and I keeping an K. S. K. Courfc, the better to make my way tor Nriv Holland: For tho* New Holland lies Nortb-r'afterly from the Cape^ yet all Ships bound towards that Co.ift, or the Streights of' Sun(hy ought to keep for a while in the f ime Parallel, or ir. al.at. between 35 and 40. at Icalt a little to the S. of the K.ifh that they may continue in a vari.iblc Winds way •, and not venture too foon to Hand To far to the North, as to be within the Vergf of the Trade-Wind, which will put them by their EafU'rly Courfe. The Wind increaft'd upon us ; butiwehad yet ri - ■t-»-- J)a/nip . toy. /^y .p. Sp l^aUi, JV. ^e^v- Holland lir.Holla cyfx ^jr, A;V. ^, Holland, -tUtJanti, C&aJhJront SX-M/t'-Xat-.x-jJ), 'S,'H.oliaxid,atj'X.JtJi:mX^tt: x6-^€S. .j,^itrwf'^Mm''Vrff lAbrohlo- Shoal near N. H. The k. arrives at N. H. 8 i N^ame for Shoals, as it feems to me) which in a '^»- «^99» toraught I hacj of that Coafl: is laid down in 27 deg. '-^^VVJ [28 min. Lat. ftretching about 7 Leagues into the [Sea. I was the Day before in 27 deg. 38 min. by Reckoning. And afterwards fleering E. by S. pur- pofely to avoid it, I thought I muft have been to the South of it : But founding again, at i a Clock jn the Morning, Aug. the firft, we had but 25 Fa- thom, Coral Rocks i and fo found the Shoal was lo the South of us. We prcfently tack'd again, md ftood to the North, and then foon deepned our Tater ; for at 2 in the Morning we had 26 Fathom >alftill: At 3 we had 28 Coral-ground : At 4 vehad 30 Fathom, coarfe Sand, with fome Coral : 5 we had 45 Fathom, coarfe Sand and Shells •, eing now off the Shoal, as appeared by the Sand id Shells, and by having left the Coral. By all ^his I knew we had fallen into the North of the Shoal, and that it was laid down wrong in my Sea- "hait : For 1 found it lye in about 27 deg. Lat. and 5y our Run in the next Day, I found that the Out- wrd-edge of it, which I founded on, lies 16 .eagucs off Shore. When it was Day we fleered In E. N E. with a fine brisk Gale j but did not fee [he Land till 9 in the Morning, when we faw it pom our Topmafl-head, and were diftant from it ibout 10 Leagues ; having then 40 Fathom-water, Ind clean Sand. About 3 Hours after we faw it on )ur Quarter-Deck, being by Judgment about 6 leagues off, and we had then 40 Fathom, clean Sand. As we ran in, this Day and the next, we iook feveral Sights of it, at different Bearings and Jiftances -, from which it appear'd as you fee in \iii^\e\\. N°. I, 2, 3, 4, 5.] And here I would liote once for all, that the Latitudes mark'd in the )ta'jghts, or Sights here given, are not the Lati- [ud-^of the Land, but of the Ship when the Sight h'.^t.iken. T'his Morning, Av/^.tjl i\\^ firil, as we V L. III. Cj were \ lliiiil f- ! ■ t M 82 N. Hoi. in Lat. 26 S. TheA.ftandsoff again\ 'An. 1699. were (landing in we fawfeveral large Sea-fowls, likJ w^V^ our Gannets on the Coaft of England^ flying 3 or J together -, and a Sort of white Sea-Mews, buLblaq about the Eyes, and with forked Tails. We firovj to run in near the Shore to feek for a Harboiir tore- frcfh us after our tedious Voyage •, having made 01 continued Stretch from Brazil hither of about n dcg. dcllgning from hence alfo to begin the Difc very I had a Mind to make on N. Holland and ^\ Guinea. The Land was low, and appear'd even,| and as we drew nearer to it, it macle (as you in "TdbhlV, N^. 3, 4, 5 J with fome red andfomi white Gifts; thefe laft in Lat. 26. 10 S. where yoi will find 54 Fathom, within 4 Miles of the Shore. About the Lat. of 16 deg. S. we faw an Opening, and ran in, hoping to find a Harbour there : Bi when we came to its Mouth, which was about Leagues wide, we faw Rocks and foul Ground witli' in, und therefore Itood out again : Thcie we hai 20 Fathom -water within 2 Mile of the Shore. Tl Land every where appear'd pretty low, flat ande^ ven ; but with fl;eep ClilFs to the Sea i and whenw came near it there were no Trees, Shrubs or Grafj to be feen. The Soundings in the Lat. of 26 S. from about 8 or 9 Leagues off till you co within a League of the Shore, are generally aboi 40 Fathom ; differing but little, feldom above 3 I 4 Fathom. But the Lead brings up very differe Sorts of Sand, fome coarfe, fome fine ; and veral Colours^ as Yellow, White, Grey, Browi Blurifli and Rcddifli. When I faw there was no Harbour here, nor go anchoring, I fl:ood off to Sea again, in the Evenii of the fccond of ^Kguft, fearing a otorm on a Let] fliore, in a Place where there was no Shelter, ani defiring at leafl; to have Sea-room : For the Cloui began to grow thick in the Wefl:ern-board, and Wind was already tiiere, and began to blow frel almol "'■'1 1 111 :i Arrival at Sharks Bay in N. Holland. «J ilmoft upon the Shore ; which at this Place lies a-^rfw. 1699* Ijong N. N. W. and S. S. E. By 9 a Clock at Niglit ^^^V^ Iwe had got a pretty good Offin ; but the Wind ItiJl lincreafing, I took in my Main Top-fail, being able Ito carry no more Sail than two Courrcs and the lizen. At 2 in the Morning, Aug. 3. it blew ve- ry hard, and the Sea was much raifcd •, fo that I furled all my Sails but my Main-fail. Tho* the \Vind blew fo hard, we had pretty clear Weather ^ill Noon : But then the whole Sky was black ned rich thick Clouds, and we had fome Rain, which nouid laft a Quarter of an Hour at a Time, and |hcn it would blow very fierce while the Squalls of Uin were over cur Heads ; but as foon as they mt gone the Wind was by much abated, the Screfs if the Storm being over. We founded feveral fimes, but had no Ground till 8 a Clock Aug, the \i\i in the Evening -, and then had 60 Fathom-water, >al-ground. At 10 we had 56 Fathom fine Sand. It 12 we had ^^ Fathom, fine Sand, of a pale |)lueiih Colour. It was now pretty moderate Wea- kr -, yet I made no Sail till Morning ; but then, le Wind veering about to the S. W. I made Sail nd ilood to the North : And at 1 1 a Clock the next )ay, Aug. 5. we faw Land again, at about 10 jeagues diftance. This Noon we were in Lat. 25 eg. 30 min. and in the Afternoon our Cook died, old Man, who had been fick a great while, be- |ig infirm before we came out of England. The 6th of Augufi in the Morning we faw an O- ening in the Land^ and we ran into it, and ancho- ^d in 7 and a half Fathom-water, 2 Miles from the We, clean Sand. It was fomewhat difficult get- ng in here, by Reafon of many Shoals we met [ith : But I fent my Boat founding before me. The louth of this Sound, which I call'd Shark's Bay, E5 in about 25 deg. S. Lat. and our Reckoning ide its Longitude from the C. of Go"d Hope to G 2 be u mI- mm ^y^m 1 1 i I 1 :1 I*- '■.« i'i ' i n; !«, H .'1 f §4 SW/ tf/ Shark's-Bay in N. Holland.' '^». 1699 be about 87 Degrees ; which is Icfs by 195 Leagua ^•^^y^ than is ufually laid down in our common DraughtJ it" our Reckoning was right, andourGlaflcs didnol deceive us. As Toon as I came to anchor in dJ Bay fof which I have given a PJan, Tabic IV| N^. 6.) I fcnt my Boat alhore to feek for frefh Wjf tcr : But in the Evening my Men returned, havirJ found none. The next Morning I went alhore ml felf, carrying Pick-axes and Shovels with me, tl dig for Water •, and Axes to cut Wood. "WetrJ ed in feveral Places for Water, but finding none a| ter feveral Trials, nor in feveral Miles Compafs, left any farther Search for it, and fpending the k\ of the Day in cutting Wood, we went aboard Night. The Land is of an indifferent Heighth, fo tlnti may be feen 9 or 10 Leagues off". It appears atl Diftance very even ; but as you come nigher yoj find there are many gentle Rifings, tho' none M nor high. 'Tis all a fteep Shore againft the opfl Sea : But in this Bay or Sound we were now in, t!j Land is low by the Sca-fide, rifing gradually within the Land. The Mould is Sand oy the Scj fide, producing a large Sort of Sampler, whicf bears a white Flower, , Farther in, the Mould r^ddifh, a Sort of Sand producing fome Graii Plants, and Shrubs. The Grafs grows in grej Tufts, as big as a Bufhel, here and there a Tuft! Being intermix'd with much Heath, much ofn kind we have growing on our Commons 'm_En^hk Of Trees or Shrubs here are divers Sorts •, but noil above 1 o Foot high : There Bodies about 3 Foj about, and 5 or 6 Foot high before you cornel the Branches, which are bufliy and compos'd fmali Twig'-, there fpreading abroad, tho' r'.iick ii and full of Leaves ; which were moftly long aij n.irrow. The Colour of the Leaves was on 01^ Side whiufh, and on the other green j and tfl M i ■m &■ fi. ''< t » I'i- I'V liM n 1^^ ''H' M 1 - ■', ,'i a ' '1 1 ■' ''''ty '.■J it '■*' m i fm < * it ^ tm i'!, Da^npJ^tf. t''&^ ^. departs from Sh. B. Co afiing along N. H. CiTii. 1699. fh allow. They faw a large Turtle, and many ^^"^'V^^ Skates and Thornbacks, but caught none. It was ^ffgf^fl the 1 4th when I fail'd out of this Bay or Sound, the Mouth of which lies, as I faid, in 25 dcg. 5. min. defigning t6 coafl" along to the N. E. till I might commodioufly put in at fome o- ther part of A'. Holland. In pafling out we faw 3 Water-Serpents fwimming about in the Sea, of 1 yellow Colour, fpotted with dark brown Spots. They were each about 4 Foot long, and about the Bignefs of a Man's Wrift, and were the firft I faw on this Coaft, which abounds with feveral Sorts of| them. We had the Winds at our firft Coming out at N. and the Land lying North-Eafterly. Wc p!i. ed off and on, getting forward but little till the next Day : when the Wind coming at S. S. W. and S. we began to coaft it along the Shore to the North- ward, keeping at 6 or 7 Leagues oif Shore; and founding often, we had between 40 and 46 Fathom- water, brov/n Sand, with fome white Shells. This| 15th of Jiigu/l we were in Lat. 24 dcg. 41 iViin. On the i6rh Day at Noon we were in 23 deg. 2:,! min. The Wind coming at K. by N. we could not] keep the Shore aboard, but were forc'd to go fir- ther off, and loft Sight of the Land. Then found- ing wc had no Ground with 80 Fathom -line ; how- ever the Wind fliortly after came about again to the I Southvvard, and then we jogg'd on again to the Northward, and faw many fmall Dolphins and Whales, and Abundance of Scuttle-fliclls fwimming| on the Sea ; and fome Water-fnakes every Day. The 17th v/e faw the Land again, and took a Sightl of it. rSecTab. IV. N^. 7] The 1 8th in the Afternoon, beings or 4 Leagucsl off Shore, I faw a Shoal-point, ftretching from the Land into the Sea, a League or more. The Sea on it ; by which I faw plainly there was Shoal there. 1 ftood tlirthor off", and coafted a* long brol !t^ hhoalSy and noify Whales. Coafting along ^.W, 91 longshore, to about 7 or 8 Leagues diftance: Ar\^An. iGggi jat 12 a Clock at Night we founded, and had but 20 ^^^W^ Fathom, hard Sand. By this I found I was upon another Shoal, and fo prefcntly (leered off W. half (an Hoar, and had then 40 Fai;hom. At One in the Morning of the i8th Day we had 85 Fathom: JBy two we could find no Ground ; and then I ven- jtur'd to fteer along Shore again, due N. which is Itwo Points wide of the Coaft (that lies N. N, Ej [for fear of another Shoal. I would not be too far off from the Land, being defirous to fearch into it hvhere-ever 1 fliould find an Opening or any Conve- Inience of fearching about for Water, l^c. When Iwe were off the Shoal-point I mention'd where wc Ihad but 20 Fathom-water, we had in the Night A- Ibundance of Whales about the Ship, fome a-head, lothers a-ftern, and fome on each fide blowing and laking a very difmal Noife ; but when we came [out again into deeper Water they left us. Indeed the Noife that they made by blowing and dafiiing of |the Sea with their Tails, making it all of a Breach ' and Foam, was very dreadful to us, like the Breach of the Waves in very Shoal-water, or among locks. The Shoal thefe Whales were upon had )epth of Water fufficient, no lefs than 20 Fathom, as I laid ; and it lies in Lat. 22. deg. 22 min. The Shore was generally bold all along *, we had met with no Shoal at Sea fince the Abrohlo-^od\y when we firft Ifellon the N. Holland Coaft in the Lat. of 28. till feflerday in the Afternoon, and this Night. This lorning alfo when we expelled by the Draught wc had with us to have^een 1 1 Leagues off Shore, we vere but 4 ; fo that either our Draughts were faul- b', which yet hitherto and afterwards we found true pough as to thi lying of the Coaft, or elfe here m a Tide unknown to us that deceived us ; tho* ^e had found very little of any Tide on this Coaft itherto. As to our Winds in the Coafting thus far, 'mm 'i\ \n 1. v ^( ':'{ i;; ( \\ ' i\ : i : :'i 91 Breezes on the Coafl of N. Holland. 'An. 1699. far, as we had been within the Verge of the g'^nerall ^'^y^^ Trade (tho' interrupted by the Storm I mcntion'dj from the Lat. of 28, when we firft: fell in with the Coaft : And by that Time wc were in the Lat. ofl 25. we had ufually the regular Trade-wind (whidil is here S. S. E.) when we were at any Diftance from Shore : But v;c had often Sea and Land-Breezes, ef- pecially when near Shore, and when in Shark* s-h(iy\ and ha J a particular N. Well Wind, or Storm, that fet us in thither. On this i8th of Augujl we coafted with a brisk Gale of the true Trade-wind at S. S. E. very fair and clear Weather ; but haling off in the Evening to Sea, were next Morning out of Sight of Land j and the Land now trending away N. EalU erly, and we being to the Norward of it, and die W^ind alfo fhrinking from the S. S. E. to the E.S.E. (that is, from the true Trade- Wind to the Sea- breeze, as the Land now lay) we could not getini with the Land again yet a- while, fo as to fee it, tho' we trim'd fharp and kept clofe on a Wind. ^Ve| were this 19th day in Lat. 21 deg. 42 min. T)i:| 20th we were in Lat. 19 deg. 37 min. and kep- clofe on a Wind to get Sight of the Land againj but could not yet fee it. We had very fair \Vc2l ther ; and tho* we were fo far from the Land astol be out of Sight of it, yet we had the Sea and Landj Breezes. In the Night we had the Land-Brec/x- 'A S. S. E. a fmall gentle Gale -, which in the Mornl ing about Sun-rifing would fhift about graduifl Cand withal incrcafing in Strength) till about Noanj wc fhould have it at E. S. E. which is the true Sc breeze here. Then it would blow a brisk Gak:, 'ol that wc coukl fcarce carry our Top-fails double rii: And it would continue thus till 3 in the Attcrnox,, when it would decreafe again. The Weather was till all tiie v/hile, not a Cloud to be fecn i but very b-'Z;] cipcc'.allv nisli x'hc* Horizon. We founded fe"crj| Tirnes thi: zuth P*iv\ and at firft had no Ground ■1 : I Sta-Serpents, N.Holland. I/lands ify'i^. Holhnd. 9j I'but had afterwards from 52 to 45 Fathom, coarfe -<^». 1699: brown Sand, mixt with fmall brown and white ^"^"N^N^ I Stones, with Dints befiues in the Tallow. The 2ift Day alfo we had fmall Land-breezes in the Night, and Sea-breezes in the Day : And as we faw fome Sea-fnakes every Day, fo this Day we faw a great many, of two different Sorts or Shapes. One Sort v/as yellow, and about the Bignefs of a Man*s Wrift, about 4 Foot long, having a flat Tail about 4 Fingers broad. The other Sort was much fmaller and fhorter, round and fpottcd black and yellow. This Day we founded feveral Times, and had 45 Fathom Sand. We did not make the Land till Noon, and then faw it firlt from our Topmaft- head. It bore S. E. by E. about 9 Leagues dift- ance •, and it appeared like a Cape or Head of Land. The Sea-breeze this Day was not fo ftrong as the Day before, and it veered out more •, fo that we had la fair Wind to run in with to the Shore, and at Sun- Jfet anchored in 20 Fathom, clean Sand, about 5 I Leagues from the bluff Point ; which was not a Cape I fas it appear'd at a great Diftancej but the Eaftermoft End of an liland, about) 5 or 6 Leagues in length, and 1 in breadth. There were 3 or 4 Rocky Iflands about I a League from us between us and the bluff Point ; I and we faw many other Iflands both to the Eafl: and Weft of it, as flxras we could fee cither way from our I Topmafl:-head : And all within them to the S. there Uvas nothing but Iflands of a pretty Heighth, that may be feen 8 or 9 Leagues off. By what we faw of I them they mufl have been a Range of Iflands of about: 20 Leagues in length, ftretching from E. N. EL. to W. S. W. and for I ought I know, as hr as to thofc lof Shark\^-Bay ; and to a confidcrablc Breadth alio, (for we could fee 9 or 10 Leagues in among them) towards the Continent or main Land of A^. Holland^ it there be any fuch Thing her-'abouts : And by the grta: Tides I met with a while afterwards, more to > the ■ li I Ir'i' !(.: ^ 1 1' ! f i 5' ■■. i" v 1 3 I u ■i t .1 m m ■f I )\'' ¥' i f i,i'*i r ^ !ii I'll I 9+ Tafman'j T^raught retfijied. '^#•^1699, the N. Eaft, 1 had a ftrong Sufpicion that hcrtl might be a kind of Archipelago of Iflands, and al Palfage poflibly to the S. of N. Holland and N. G-A nea into the great S. Sea Eaflward ; which I had! Thoughts alfo of attempting in my Return from M Guinea (had Circumftances permitted^ and told my Officers fo : But I would not attempt it at this! Time, becaufe we wanted Water, and could not depend upon finding it there. This Place is in the Lat. of 20 deg. 21 min. but in the Draught that I had of this Coaft, which was ^'afmarh] it was laid down in 19 deg. 50 min. and the Shore is laid down as all along joining in one Body or Continent, with fome Openings appearing like Rivers •, and not like Iflands, as really they are. I See fcveral Sights of it. Table IV. N*^. 8, 9, 10, This Place lies more Northerly by 40 min. thanisi laid down in Mr. 'Tafman'^s Draught : And befide its being made a firm, continued Land, only with fome Openings like the Mouths of Rivers, I found the Soundings alfo different from what the prick'd Line of his Courfe flicws them, and generally fliallower than he makes them •, which inclines me to think that he came not fo near the Shore as his Line fhews, and fo had deeper Soundings, and I could not fo well diflinguifh the Iflands. His Meri- dian or Difference of Longitude from Shark^s-Bi)\ agrees well enough with my Account, which is 232 Leagues, tho' we differ in Lat. And to confirm my Conjedure that the Line of his Courfe is made I too near the Shore, at leafl not far to the Eaft ofl this Place, the Water is there fo fhallow that he] could not come there fo nigh. But to proceed •, in the Night we had a fmalll Land-breeze, and in the Morning I weighed An- chor, dcligning to run in among the Iflands, fori they had large Channels between them, of a League Wide an leait", and fome 2 or 3 Leagues wide. I fen: Ranging along N. Holland IJlands', 95 [entinmy Boat before to found, and if they found '^». 1699. Jhoal-warer to return again ; but if they found Wa- V^^Y"^ [er enough, to go afliore on one of the Iflands, and Jav till the Ship came in : where they might in the nean Time fearch for Water. So we followed after fith the Ship, founding as we went in, and had 2q Fathom, till within 2 Leagues of the Bluif-head, lindthen we had fhoal Water, and very uncertain Soundings : Yet we ran in ftill with an eafy Sail, founding and looking out well, for this was dange- lous Work. When we came abreaft of the BlulF- jjead, and about 2 Mile from it, we had but 7 Fa- feom : Then we edg'd away from it, but had no jiore Water ; and running iii a little farther, we |iad but 4 Fathoms ; fo we anchored immediately ; ir.d yet when we had veered out a third of a Cable ic had 7 Fathom Water again ; fo uncertain was [lie Water. My Boat came immediately aboard, Ind told me that the Ifland was very rocky and Jry, and they had little Hopes of finding Water berc. I fent them to found, and bad them, if they [oiind a Channel of 8 or i o Fathom Water, to keep pi, and we would follow with the Ship. We were pv about 4 Leagues within the outer fmall rocky rtands, but ftill could fee nothing but iflands with- us ; fomc 5 or 6 Leagues long, others not above Mile round. The large Iflands were pretty high; III: all appeared dry, and moflly rocky and barren. Hie Rocks look'd of a rufty yellow Colour, and [krefore I defpair*d of getting Water on any of liein ; but was in fomc Hopes of finding a Channel [o run in beyond all thefe Iflands, could I have fpenc Time here, and either get to the Main of New Hol- i>hl, or find out fome other Iflands that might af- ford us Water and other Refrefliments: Befides, '.at among fo many Iflands, we might have found 3me Sort of rich Mineral, or Ambergrecce, it be- ■ig a good Latitude for both tliefe. But we had not failed ill;' L. Mj ; ..*! iW^ t VIM i u :< ' ,{ i ' %/' li A p6 Rofcmary-Ifland'; its Vegetables, &c. 'uf». 1699. failed above a League farther before our Water gre ^•^"^T^ Ihoaler again, and then we anchored in 6 FathoJ hard Sand. We were now on the inner Side of the Ifland, o| whofe out-fide is the Bluff-point. We rode League from the Ifland, and I prefently went ailiorej and carried Shovels to dig for Water, but founf none. There grow here 2 or 3 Sorts of Shrubs, m juft like Rofemary ; and therefore I call'd this /^w| mar'^ Ifland. It grew in great Plenty here, but lu no Smell. Some of the other Shrubs had blue yellow Flowers j and we found 2 Sorts of Grain lik Beans : The one grew on Buflies -, the other onj Sort of a creeping Vine that runs along on th Ground, having very thick broad Leaves, and tb Blolfom like a Bean Bloflbm, but much larger, an of a deep red Colour, looking very beautiful. "\YJ faw here fome Cormorants, Gulls, Crabcatchen 67'f. a few fmall Land-Birds, and a Sort of whitl Parrots, which flew a great many together. M found fome Shell-fifh, viz, Limpits, Perriwinklej and Abundance of fmall Oyfters growing on m Rocks, which were very fweet. In the Sea weliij fome green Turtle, a pretty many Sharks, and bundance of Water-Snakes of feveral Sorts Sizes. The Stones were all of rufl:y Colour, am ponderous. We faw a Smoak on an Ifland 3 or 4 Leaguj off j and here alfo the Bufhes had been burned, bJ we found no other Sign of Inhabitants : 'Twaspril bablc that on the Ifland where the Smoak wasthei were Inliabitants, and frefli Water for them. In t!| Evening I went aboard, and confulted with my ficers wiiether it was beft to fend thither, or fearch among any other of thefe Iflands with Boat; orelfego from hence, and coafl: along Sho| with the Ship, till v/e could find fome better Pli than this w?.s to ride in, where we had flioal "^'A n- ■' Vepart.from Rofcm. I. Strong Sea-Breezes. TiHi " 97 [and lay expos'd to Winds and Tides. They all a- An. 1699 greed to go from hence ; fo I gave Orders to weigh '^'^V^' in the Morning as foon as it (hould be light, and to I get out with the Land-breeze. Accordingly, Auguft the 23d, at 5 in the Morn- ling we ran out, having a pretty frefh Land-breeze atS. S. E, By 8 a Clock we were got out, and ve- ry feafonably i for before 9 the Sea-breeze came on lus very ftrong, and increafing, we took in our Top- ICails and flood off under 2 Courfes and a iVlizcn, this being as much Sail as we could carry. The ISky was clear, there being not one Cloud to be fcen ; but the Horizon appeared very hazy, and the Sun at fetting the Night before, and this Morn- "ig at rifing, appeared very red. The Wind con- anued very ftrong till 12, then it began to abate : have feldom met with a ftronger Breeze. Thefe Irong Sea-breezes lafted thus in their Turns 3 or 4 )ays. They fprung up with the Sun-rife ; by 9 a Hoclc they were very ftrOng, and fo continued till Voon, when they began to abate •, and by Sun-fet here was little Wind, or a Calm till the Land- breezes came ; which we fhould certainly have in k Morning about i or 2 a Clock. The Land- feezes were between the S. S. W. and S. S. E. The ea-breezes between the E. N. E. and N. N. E. In ^e Night while Calm, we fifh*d with Hook and -ine, and caught good Store of Fifh, viz. Snap- kers, Breams, Old-Wives, and Dog-fi(h. When Me laft came we feldom caught any others ; for "they did not drive away the other Fifh, yet they 3uld be fure to keep them from taking our looks, for they would firfl have them them- [Ives, biting very greedily. We caught alfo a lonk-fifh, of which I brought Home the Pidure. ee Fiji, Fig. I. On the 25th of Auguft^ we flill coafled along 'ore, that we might the better fee any Opening -, Vol. IJI. H kepc ! rmif'^ \ ■mm' f 'r ' »,„ ,"!•! 1 r I;: -it- 't i t Mi ^ . 1 i^'^Hfij ■1 . I ; IS -rf'* I'' ■■ '■■*a" ■i. i l.\ i^ri and 98 Coajling along N. Hoi. Neddy Birds of N. H. An. i6 I r I'i V I \ \' i'i m ^1, 4i I mm f! i\ l|i! '^11 i li hi !ti iU 'An. 1699^ A N A G G O U N T Op Several PLANTS Collefted in Braply New Holland^ Timor , and New Gum\ referring to the Figures Engraven on tlic| Copper Plates. TAB I. Fig. I. Cotton-flower from Ba^jii Brazil. The Flower confifts of a great! many Fikments, alinoft as fmall as Hair J betwixt three and four Inches long, of a Murreyj colour ; on the Top of them ftand fmall alh-co lour'd Apices. The Pedicule of the Flower is inj clos'u at the Bottom with 5 narrow ftiff Leaves,! about 6 Inches long. There is one of this Genm Mr. Rayh Supplement, which agrees exa6lly witlil this in every Refpecl, only that is twice larger al the leaft. It was fent from Surinam by the Nani9 of Motnoo. T»b. 1. Fig. 2. Jafminum BrafiUanum liiteum^ M'j limonrix folio mrvojby fetalis craljii. Tab. I. Fig. 3. Crijla Pa'voms BraJiHana Barhi foliis. The L.eaves are very tender and like the top J^eaves of Bardana major^ both as to Shape an^ Texture 1 ,:|: i «• ^ ■ ' ^1 ' ' J ■ ^ 1* I '■!: I i i-Vi^ , ^i ifiirH i''' ' 1.1. 1 hi' . ' !: ,n J;*i i'il I 'f " 1 1 J i iti f ' :ui I! I ii:ii w \i I'!' mi > '4 ■ifi I '"1 rV , / '1 m V t h ' »J *' ;' H I Duftyj . f j y. tbi, -j. p i^Q. /oi Mtntj -found in V>^w ^ciland. 'Mi An Account of Tlantsl jo^ r«ture : In the Figure they arc rcprcfented too^w^ie^^. jiti and too much ferratcd. Tab. I . Fig. 4- H^^^ Braftliana Ofmunda m'tnori Vfrnito folio. This Fern is of that Kind, whicK fbeirs its Sced-Vcirds in Lines on the Edge of the llcavcs. Tab. 2. Fig. i. Raputitlum NoV(b Ilollafid'uv, flore (i^no coccinco. The Perianthium composM of five [Jong-pointed Parts, the Form of the Sced-VcflcJ nd the Smallnefs of the Seeds, together with the rregular Shape of the Flower and Thinnefs of the .caves, argue this Plant to be a Rapunltum. :b. 2. Fig. 2. Fucus foliis capillaceis brevijfimisj ttjuulis minimis donatis. This elegant Fucus is of ^he Erica Marina or Sargazo kind, but has much fi- ner Parts than that. It was colleded on this Coaft of New Holland, Tab. 2. Fig. 2. Ricimidcs Noves HollandtLS anQU- l/o/o crajfo folio. This Plant is fhrubby, has thick coolly Leaves, efpecialiy on the under fide. Its ^ruit is tricoccous, hoary on the out- fide with a \Ciilix divided into 5 Parts. Ic comes near Rici- \n fniulu parvo Jnuoja Curajfavica^ folio Pbylli^ \P.B. pr. Tab. 2. Fig. 2. Solanum fpinofum Nova Ilollandice \}h)lli foliis fubrotundis. This new Solanufn bears a Iblucilh Flower like the others of the fame Tribe ; [the Leaves are of a whitifh Colour, thick and Iwoolly on both Sides, fcarce an Inch long and near (as broad. The Thorns are very fharp and thick p, of a deep Orange colour, efpecialiy towards the iPoints. Tab, 3. Fig. i. Scahiofa (forte) Novrs HoUandicSj pUcps foliis Jubtus argenteis. The Flower fl:ands on |a Foot-ftalk 4 Inches long, included in a rough Kal:x of a yeliowifh Colour. The Leaves are not labu'e an Inch long, very narrow like Thrifty green |cn the upper and hoary on the under fide, growing in .i*'-i 'V' 'It ' !: ;> I'M 1 1' " I I Hi ;f 1 ( ^ i i f: ■ li:l ■ ii ■ 1 ' 'i: > 1. I'' ' ! I'll i k I i lo >^» Account of Tlants^ A: 1699.111 Tufts. "Whether this Plant be a Scabious^ Thrift ^^*^^^^ or Helkhryfum is hard to judge from the imperfect Flower of the dry'd Specimen, Tab. 3. Fig. 2. Jlcea Nova Hollandia foliis an. ifttftis utrinque villofts. The Leaves, Stalk, and un- der fide of the Perianthium of this Plant art all woolly. The Petala are very tender, 5 in Number, fcarce fo large as the Calix : In the Middle ftands a Columella thick fet with thrummy apiculce^ whicli argue this Plant to belong to the Malvaceous Kind. Tab. 3, Fig. 3. Of what Genus this Shrub ot Tree is, is uncertain, agreeing with none yet de- fcribed, as far as can be judg'd by the State it is in. ft has a very beautiful Flower, of a red Colour, as far as can be guefs'd by the dry Specimen^ confifting of 10 large Petila^ hoary on both Sides, efpecially underneath ; the Middle of the Flower is thick k with Stamina^ which are woolly at the Bottom, the Length of the Petata^ e:ich of them crown*d with its Apex, The Calix is divided into 5 round point- ed Parts. The Leaves are like thofe of Amelanch'ur Lob. green at Top and very woolly underneath, not running to a Point, as is common in others, but with an Indenture at the upper-end. Tab. 3. Fig. 4. Dammar a ax Nova-Hollandis, SanamundcB feciindcc Chyfii foliis. This new Gam was firfl fent from Atnboyna by Mr. Rumphius^ by the Name of Dam?nara, of which he tranfmitted 2 Kinds ; one with narrow and long ftifF Leaves, the other with fhorter and broader. The firft of them is mcnrion*d in Mr. Petiver^s Centuria, p. 350. by the Name of Arbor Horte^ifts Javanorum foliis lip auguflioribus arofnaticisfloribuSy fpicaiis flamineis luuf (entibus •, Muf. Pet. As alfo in Mr. Rafs Supplv ment to his Hiflory of Plants now in the Prefs. This is of the fame Gsnus with them, agreeing both in Flower and Fruit, tho* very much differ- ing imperfe(l| foliis an. and un- it art all I Number. die Hands jj?, which alvaceous Shrub 01 ,e yet de- ce it is in, 'olour, as confining efpecially i thick k ttom, the wn*d with ind point- 'melaticbiir leath, not r?« but PUntj tcund in J^tc^ ^crllan, Plate I. Fig] D. Dendees, a fort of Palinh\ ries in Brafil, Dogs, fee Water Dogs. Dunghill Fowls of Uraiil, F. FiH) of N. Holland, Fii The INDEX. fijh tf tht TUDDy- kind, m mc- (i»nt of, 113 F:ih lallfd by tht Stamtn tht Old Wife, an atfonnt of, 1 1 $ riioiogo. « fowl, 18 Pying Fill), kttwixt tht Cana- iie$ 4»i C. Vcrd- IJland$, 10 Fiipe Boat, ifs uft at tht Salt* Und at Mnyo, 13, &C. Gillena Pintada, a Birdt dt- Imh'd, I7i >8. Galleons C5^«i»i/& J /«»(' *y ^<'- mir4/ Blalce, ntar Teneriff, tni continue flill thtrt, 4 Gtrret-Dcnnis //7r, its Inhah't- unts dtftribtd. Preface I Guano [Btaft) <»/ N.Holland, 85 Guinea- Hf»i/eeGallenanintada. I Guinea (Newj its JUativis^ &c. Prcf. H. Hammocks ; Gtntlimtn carried thiut in thtm at Bahia in Bra- iil, 40,4.1 I Holland (New) Cotf/I defcrihed, 84, &c.9i,&c.95 lit Natives defcribed, loi.flcc. Viivs of fevtral Parts of its Ccafis and IJIaifds from ft- vtral PtintSf 8 1 I. jjago est.) Ifland and Town, zi,&:c. Its Inhabitants, 23 Its Prodnd, 13. 8tc. In Animals f 25, Sec. Its Road a very bad one^ 26 It I View, 10 I jenetDE {Bird) defer ibed, 5 1 Jenipah. or Jenipapah fFrwiO dejcnbed, 47 mi'JruitJdefcribed, 48 L. Laeunaia Tenetii![,defcriled, •; iLanceiota, one of the Canary- Jji-inds, 2 its View from fever al Points, ibid. M. Mackeraw [Bird] defer ibed, $0 Malmfcy yvine yowt in the I- fland Tcttcm, 7. 8 Mayo, tne of C. Vcrd Ijlands, its View, 10 Us l)efcrif>tiont tf A large Account of tht ma* l(ing ^alt there, ti, %C« Its :>oil and ProduSl, \^,6ic. Its Inhabitantit 19 Jtt View from ftvtral Points^ 10 Mendibce (Fruit) 49 Mericafah ( Frstit) defcribed, 48 Miniota, a fowl, 18 Monk Pi(h, 97 Muckifliaw(fr«i>)i' ' I f,'-^"**^' V I i in !i > i I if t i 1 •i.i F:|'f ^i'!l -w ■I ,' lit Hi '1 116 iC" t; The I N D E X. Plaints Engravm on Copper, Tab. Plants of New Holland, 105 Porpufics, Pag. 113. and Tigu- rei in Plate z of Filhes, Ponugueze Civil to the Author ^ R. Rabek, a Fowl, 18 H H'coon I ■ ■ — II I IM-- — ' _^^_ , . _. ^ LONDON, Printed for James and John Knapton, at the Crown in St. Paul'^ Church-Yard. Mdccxxix, : 1 ! , , ! '■■■ _ , . ! ,1 I f ■ s I ( I I, > It i^i; g' »',' I ?■ ih-i'' Divfnjj . Lon/i nu,it. f , f. ///. i y^ie^w efl/i^^ iMuru af WILDAMPIE its \. CHAP. II. 4 particular Defcription of the Ifland Timor. Its ^^4> 1'he Ifland Anabao. Fault cf the I 4 Draught:^ 119 .:*,' 1 '■ I.:' A- II^V'M- hi. : I'" V-f'i •I k *.iii'3 *' J"- 1' 'I V hhl\ 1 \ ^^(n§^M^ (.' 1 # I i 'I- ! 'tj ' ::- '' i; ■ .4 i ^1 .< 1r •^;,: 'I': ■ r,-'ih no The CONTENTS. Draughts. 'The Channel between Timor and i nabao. Copang-/'^). Fort Concordia, yl jiar. ticular Defcriptton of the Bay, "The Amhonni^ flace^ called Babao. The Malayans here kill iii the Europeans they can. Laphao, a Portw^um Settlement^ defcribed. Port Ciccile. The Hilk^ Water^ Low-lands^ Soil, iVoods^ Metals^ in tk IJland Timor. //; Trees, Canafiftub-/?^'^ ^V. fcribed. ^^''ild Fig-trees defcribed, Twc, ue-w ham i}f I'ai.:'''-"ees defcribed. The Fruits of tk I Jland, The Herbs. Its Land Animals. Fr^k fh' Rt>:g^t^ Bird. Its Fifh. Cockle-mmhali and Oyjhrs. Cockles as big as a Man^s Head, hi original Natives dfcribed. The Portugueze ml Dutch Settlements. The Malayan Language ^m- rally fpoken here. 1/ Orantuca on the IjUn^ Ende. The Seafons^ IVinds, and IVeather at Ti- mor. CHAP. III. Departure from Timor. The I/lands Omba ml Fetter. A burning IJland. Their miffing the Tar- tle-Ifies. Bd-ndc'I/ks, Bird-IJland, They kjcn the Coaft of New-Guinea. They anchor en tk\ Coafi of New- Guinea. A Defcription of the Pk;, and of a ftrange Fowl found there. Great ^tini'<- ties of Mackerel. A white Ifland. They anchor d an IJland called by the Inhabitants Pulo Sabuda, A Defcription of it, and its Inhabitants and ?n- du^. 7he Indians manner of Fi/hing there. /''''■■ *val at Mabo, the North Wejl Cape o/ New- Guinea. A Defcription of it. Cockle- IJland. Cockles of i- venty-eight Pound PVeight. Fidgeon- Ifland. /^.' fP^ind hereabouts. An empty Cockle -Jhell ivei^Mi two hundred ffty-eight Pound. King Williaiirs Iftand. 4 Defcription of it, Plying on the M ^i The CONTENTS. I^ew-Guinea. Fault of the Draught.^. Provi dence IJland, They crofs the Line. A Snake pur* iued by Fijh, Squally IJland. 1'he Main of New- mnea. CHAP. IV. m r' :^e main Land of New- Guinea. Its hihahitants. Slingr'S Buj. jtnall Iflands, Garret Dennis I fie dtfcnkd. Its Inhabitants. 'Their Proes. Antho- ny Cave's IJland. Its Inhabitants. Trees full of Worms found in the Sea. St. John's Ifland. The mm Land of New-Guinea. Its Inhabitants. The Coaft defcrihed. Cape and Bay St. George. Cape Crford. Another Bay. The Inhabitants there. A large Account of the Author's Attempts to trade wi ' ' thm. He names the Place Port Mountague. The Country thereabouts defcribed^ and its Prodv A Burning Ifland defcrihed. A new Pajfage founcL Nova Britannia. Sir George Rook's Ifland, Long Ifland and Crown Ifland^ difcovered and defcrtbed. Sir R. Rich's Ifland. A Burning /- fiand. Aflrange Spout. A Conje^ure concerning a new Paffage Southward. King William's Ifland, Strange Whirlpools. Diflance between Cape Mabo and Cape St. George computed, CHAP. V. 121 ^Tn ' i 1 1 li , \ y 1 . ' li ' y 1,' I. t, I I !i iiii' ll , Provifions. ]Lng\'iih Ships then in the? R. a. parture from Butavia. Touch at ."y' Ca Good Hope, /^nd at St. Helena, /hrr, ; the IJIand nf AfctnCion, /l Leak t run.. .. j being impojjible to be Jlopped, the Shi" i the Men favcd. They fnd IVater upon thi .^ And are brought back to England, H c; H A P ii !', ^'^ New-Holland. jMTIER's Voyages. VOL. III. Part JI. CHAP. I. A.'t Dipurture from the Coafl of New Holland, with tht Itdjons of it, Water-Snaket. \ht A.'s Arrival at the Ijland rimor. Search j or frejtj Water on the South fide of the Ijland, I utn. Fault of the Charts. The Ifland Kotce. A Paffage ifivein the l[lands Timor and Anabao. Fault of the Charts. fJVutch Fort, called Concordia. Their Sufpicionof the A. The WiXn^ Anabao defer ib'd. 7 he A.'s Parly with the Governour fjf the Dutch Fort. They, with great Difftculty, obtain Leave |« ivattr. Copang Hay. Cmfling along the North-fide of Ti- ^jnor. ihi") find Water and an Anchoring place. A Defcription W J jmall ijland, feven Leaguet Eafl from the Watering Bay. irth difcovering ; aiki at the fame Time to recruit Stock of frcfli Water and Provifions for the ^ther Difcoveries I purpofed to attempt on the m Aiidralis. This large and hitherto almoft un- 'own Trad of Land is fituated fo very advanta- Bufly in the richeft Climates of the World, the rnrf and Temperate Zojies ; having in it efpecially the Advantages of the Torrid Zone., as being own to reach from the Equator it fclf ('within a jrcej to tlie Tropick of Capricorn^ and beyond it ; that: T2J i' .1 « \ I H LlI « h 124 Ncw-HolIanJ.' 1^1 1 ■^! I! jSa. i699.that in coafting round it, which I dcfignM bv;, W^*' Voyage, if polUblc ; I coukl not but hope coira with Ibnie fruitful Lands, Continent or IllaruH, . both, productive of any of the rich Fruits, Drcj or Spices, (perhaps Minerals alfo, ^c.) that \n\ the other Parts of the Torrid Zone^ under cqua'p] rallels of Latitude ; at leaft a Soil and Air npji of fuch, upon tranfplanting them hither, iniiCj tivation. I meant alfo to make asdihgcnt aSorii as I could, of the feveral fmalK r Illands, Shorj Capes, Bays, Creeks, and IJarbours, fit as for Shelter ar. DcfVncc, upon fortifying them, \ of the Rocks and Shoals, the Soundings, TijJ and Currents, Winds and Weather, Vari.uion, ij W'liatevcr might be beneficial for Navig.iti( Trade or Sctilemcnt -, or be of ufe to any i\ fliould profecute the fame Defigns hcrcaft.r; whom it might be ferviceable to have fo ma'i their Work done to their Hands ; which rhcy advance and perl'ed by their own repeated iixpc enccs. As there is no Work of this Kind iiioiiglii Perfedion at once, I intended efpecially to obj' what Inhabitants 1 fhould meet with, and to tryl win them over to fomewhat of Traffick and ukf Intercourfe, as there might be Commodities a any of them that might be fir lor Trade or Md failure, or any found in which they might be fj ployed. Though as to the Neiv IlollamkY^ hd bouts, by the Experience I hadiiad of their Ncighboj formerly, I expelled no great Matters from thq With fuch Views as thefe, i fee out at fiilt Fjigland ; and would, according to the MitlK propoled formerly [Vol. I.J have gone Wdh through the Mugellanick Str eight, or round i^^ dd Fuego ratlier, that I miglu have begun my Dim veries upon the Kallern and lend known Side oij Terra ylNjlraiis. But that way 'twas not poniD;"! nic to go, by RcJ.fon of the Time oi" Year in\''"< :\\3i| ^ o Ncw-IIolland. 125 jmc out; for I muft have been compalTing the wfn. 1699. jtli of America in a very high Laiitudc, in the ^y^V\J iw\ of the Winter there. I was therefore nee elH- cd to i;o Fad ward by the Cape of Good Hope \ Jwhen 1 flioukl be paft it, 'twas rrquifite I Hiould ^p in a pretty high Latitude, to avoid the general k-winds that would be againft me, and to have Benefit of the variable Winds : By all which I in a Manner unavoidably determin*d to fall in with thofe Parts of New Holland I have hitherto ^(Icfcribing. For fliould it be ask*d why at my making that Shore, I did not coaft it to the |iirhward, and that way try to get round to the of litw Holland and "Ne-w Guinea \ I confefs I not for fpcnding my Time more than was ne- liiry in the higlier Latitudes •, as knowing that the id there could not be fo well worth the difcover- j, as the Parts that lay nearer the Line, and more ecHy under the Sun. Befides, at the Time when I ^uld conic Hrlt on New Holland^ wliich was early in iSjring, I muO:, had I ftood Southward, have had Ifome lime a great deal of Winter-weather, increa- in Severity, though not in Time, and in a Place Dgciher unknown •, which my Men, who were ^rtlels enough to the Voyage at belt, would never )t born, after fo long a Run as from Brazil hither. For thefc Reafons therefore 1 chofe to coaft along I the Northward, and fo to the Eaft, and fo |)iight to come round by the South of Terra Au- His in my Return back, which fhould be in the imer-feafon thci : And this PalHige back alfo I thought I might polfibly be able to fhortcn, >uld it appear, at my getting to the Eaft Coaft of "^Gidfisj^ that there is a Channel there coming into thefe Sens, as I now fufpcded near Ro/e- IjLwd: Unlefs the high Tides and great In- »"g!ic thereabout fliould be occafion'd by the Juth of fome large River i which hath often low Ltinds n I: 1 11 ^ n ■I ' ■ M I I 11' .*:' ■IM! 12(5 New-Holland. An. 1699. Lands on each Side of its Oulet, and manv I '*^'>r^ and Slides lying at its Entrance. But I thought it a Channel or Streight, tlian ^ RnJ And I was afterwards confirmed in this OpJ when by coalling New Guinea^ I tound that otk; Parts of this great Trad of 'Terra Aiijiraiis, wli iiad hitherto been reprefented as the Shore ofaCoil ■* tinent, were certainly lOands •, and 'tis probaiil the fame with New Holland: Though for Ucafoosl (hall afterwards fhew, I could not return by J way I propos'd to my (d^^ to fix the Difcovef] All rhat i had now feen from the Latitude cf 2/ South to 25, which is Shark's Bay ; and again k, thence to Rofimary IJJands^ and about the Latit'i of 20 •, feems to be nothing but Ranges of pretj large Iflands againft the Sea, whatever niightbei hind them to the Eaftward, whether Sea orLaiij| Continent or Ifiands. But to proceed with my Voyage. Though til Land I had fecn as yet, was not very inviting, beipj but barren towards the Sea, and atibrding meo(j rher frefh Water, nor any great Store of other! frefhments, nor fo much as a Et Place for carecnirj yet I ftood out to Sea again, with Thoughts 1 coafling ftill along Shore fas near as I could; toi North Eaftward, for the further Difcoveiy ofi;j Perfwading my {d^^ that at leaft the Place l;if chor'd at in my Voyage round the Worlds in rhebi rude of 16 deg. 15 min. from which I was not far diftanc, would not fail to afford melvvect^^'j ter upon digging, as it did then -, for the bnckij Water I had taken in here, though it lerv'd Icrably well for boiling, was yet not very whulfoiffii With thefe Intentions I put to Sea on dK';'tiii Septe7nher i6^'9, with a gentle Gale, founding 1 the way \ but was quickly inducM to alrcr myDj fign. Fori had not been out above a Day, '^'^i fouud ti)ac the Sholcs among which I was cngjgl Ncw-rioUand. Water-SnAkes. iif fhe while on the CoafV, and was like to be th-^n. 1699, 'd in, would make it a very tedious Thing to L-^'Y'vJ along by the Shore, or to put in where I might K occaiion. I therefore edged farther off to Sea, Id \o (leepned the Water from 11 to 32 Fathom. le ncxi l^ay, being Septeniher the 6th, we could it jiill difccrn the .l.and, though we had then no )re than about 30 Fathom, uncertain Soundings ; )r even while we were out of '. ^ht of Land, we Id once but 7 Fathom, and had alfo great and un- rtaiii Tides whirling about, that made me afraid go near a Coaft fo Hiallow, where we miglit be )n a-ground, and yet have but little Wind to |ing us olf : For lliould a Ship be near a Shoal, might be hurl'd upon it unavoidably by a Itrong |de, unlefs there fhould be a good Wind to work jr and keep her off. Thus alfo on the 7 th Day liw no Land, though our Water decreas'd again i6 Fathom ; for we had deepned it, as I laid, [This Day we faw two Water-fnakes, different in lape from fuch as we had formerly feen. The one as very fmall, though long -, the other long and big as a Man's Leg, having a red Head ; liicn I never fiw any have, before or fince. We jidthis Day, Lat. 16 d. 9 m. by Obfervation. I was by this Time got to the North of the Place Ihad thought to have put in at, where I dug Wells my termer Voyage •, and though I knew by the iperience I had of it then, that there was a deep itrance in thither from the Eaftv/ard •, yet by the bals I had hitherto found fo far ftretcht on this [oatl, I was afraid I Hiould have the fime Trouble coait all along afterwards beyond that Place : ind befides the Danger of running almod continual- [amongft Shoals on a ftrange Shore, and where the pd s wcie ffrong and high ; I began to bethink ^y Tell, that a great Part of my Time mull have be;in ^.1 rl i r ! » I ! I; t t 1 Mil: ' .i 1 i ! ' ' ';f' 1 1 ' 1 !■ i' 1^ i iiiRi > r I % ' s '• I I . It 128 departure for New- Holland. \An. 1699. been fpent in being about a Shore I was already a!.| ^^^ nioil weary off, which I might employ with greater Satisfadion to my Mind, and better Hopes of SucJ cefs in going forward to New Guinea. Add 10 this the particular Danger I fhould have been in A on a Lee-Shore, fuch as is here defcrib'd, when t!it North-Weft Monfoon fliould once come in ; M ordinary Seafon of which was not now far od though this Year it ftaid beyond the common ki\ fon ; and it comes on ftorming at lirft, with Tor. nadoes, violent Gufts, i^e. Wherefore quittinc the Thoughts of putting in again at New Hollm^ I refolv'd to fleer away for the Ifland Timor ; where, bcfidcs getting frefn Water, I might probably ex-l peel to be furniflied with Fruits, and other Refreili- mcnts to recruit my Men, who began to droopi fomc of them being already to my great Grief, at-j f^icled with the Scurvy, which was likely to increale upon them and dilable them, and was promoted bf the brack ifli Water they took in laft for boiliiid their Oatmeal. *Twas now alfo towards the k:e: F.nd of the dry Seafon ; when I might notprobahiy Iiave found Water fo plentifully upon digging at that Part of New Holland^ as when I was there be- fore in the wet Seafon. And then, confidering m Time alio that I mufl neceflarily fpend in gettind in to the Shore, through fuch Sholes as I expec'teJ to meet with •■> or in going about to avoid their.,! and in digging of Wells when I fliould come tin- ther : 1 might very well hope to get to Tiinor^ aril find frclh Water there, as foon as I could expedio get: ir at New Holland j and with lefs Trouble acii| Danger. On the 8 th of September therefore, fhaping o'Jtl Courlc for Timor, we were in Lar. 15 d. 37 m. M had 26 I'.ithom, coarfe Sand -, and we faw ori:l WhaU\ \Vc found ihem lying nioil commoriji :ir;ir ih: Slioie, or in Shoal Water. This Day«l \^ '•'1 )iirds the I. Timox, Several Sorts of Birds. 129 fo faw fome fmall white Clouds-, the firll that ^»-» 699. had ken (ince we came out of Shark's Bay. This -/vV as one Sign of the Approach of tiie North-North- feft Monfoon. Another Sign was the Ihifting of Winds i for from the Time of our coming to ir Infl Anchoring place, the Sea-Breezes which be- ^re were Eafterly and very ftrong, had been wh'ti- ^g about and changing gradually from the Eaft to it North, and thence to the Well, blowing but iindy, and now hanging moilly in fome Point of |e Weft. This Day the Winds were at South- fteft by Weft, blowing very faint ; and the 9th ly we had the Wind at North-Weft by North, it then pretty frefli ; and we faw the Clouds rifing (ore and thicker in the North- Weft. This Night 12 we lay by for a fmall low fandy Ifland, which reckoned my felf not far from. The next IV (orn- at Sun-rifing we faw it from the Top-maft-head, >ht a-head of us ; and at Noon were up within a ile of it : When, by a good Obfervation, I found [to lye in 13 d. ^^ m. I have mentioned it in my KtVol. pag. 461. but my Account then made ic dye in 13 d. 50 m. We had Abundance of Boo- les and Man of War Birds flying about us all the lay ; efpecially when we came near the Ifland ; lich had alfo Abundance of them upon it ; |iough it was but a little Spot of Sand, .^arce a lile round. I did not anchor here, nor fend my Boat afhore ; |iere being no appearance of getting any Thing on kSpot of Sand, befides Birds that were good for trie. Though had 1 not been in hafte, I would ive taken fome of them.. So I made the beft of |y way to fiwor ; and on the iith in the After- )onwefaw 10 fmall Land-birds, about the Big- els of Larks, that flew away North Weft. The pth we faw a great many Sca-fnakes. One' of ^ele, of which I faw great Numbers and Variety K ift f ;i i\ \h . ( \i 1.1' i, t ] '^ 'SISBm.. :i I ' I V, IIIH 130 The IJIand Timot:. yr». 1699 in this Voyage, was large, and all black: Incvd S,^ Y"^ law luch another for his Colour. We had now had for fome Days fmall Gales, fJ tlie South-SoLith-Wcll to the North-North-VM] and the Sky ftill more cloudy efpecially in Mornings and Evenings. The 14th it look'dveij black in the North-Weft all the Day j andaliit'l before Sunfet we faw, to our great Joy, theToJ of the high Mountains of Timor ^ peeping ouu the Clouds, which had before covered them, astlitj did ftill the lower Parts. We were now running direflly cowards the W die of the Illand, on the South-fide: But I was: iome doubt whether I fhould run down along SlioJ on this South- fide towards the Eafl-end j or { bout the Weft-end, and fo range along on iJ Norrh-fidc, and go that way towards the EaMj r»ut as the Winds were now Wefterly, I rhoughtitt to keep on the South-fide, till I Ihould fee howtl] W^eather would prove ; For, as the Ifland lies, the Wefterly Winds continued and grew tempei ous, I fhould be under the Lee of it, and H finooth Water, and fo could go along Shore fafely and cafily on this South-fide : i could foocJ alfo run to the Eafl-cnd, where there is the ixj Shelter, as being flill more under the Lee oft Ifland when thofe Winds blow. Or if, on tliec ther Side, the Winds fhould come about aga the Eaftward, I could but turn b-ick again, ;ai| did afterwards •,) and paffing about the Weikiil could there profecute my Search on tlie iN'orth-li' of the Ifland for Water, or Inhabitants, or ago Harbour, or whatever might be ufeful to me. F^ both Sides of the Ifiand were hitherto alike rci being wholly unacquainted here; only as I had feJ it at a Diftance in my former Voyage. [Sec ^olj \\\ \ If Ck: I nCV!!^ Gales, fJ ially in look'd vH and a littll ^, the To ping ouii iem, astiifj ds the iMii 3ut I was; along sy 1 j or pals I ong on !^ le Eaft-' ioughti[t I Ice \mi [fland lies, ;w tempd'tl , and m Shore ould foocil is thek I Lee of 1 f, on tliet lut aga again, 'A Weil-ejJ NortWil or agoi to me. ilike tci as I had fe^ [Sec Vi I W ' ' r ii III Hi i N I't M ■n \^l Itl l>Art i. . I>^i mp . / bt/ ■ . IF^U^V Timor I'M ^"t w^t:^^^^^''^ ■'"\''**r4l JO^i|MjiBt:2f»*lriit:, Thus o'luu^ :Pa.rt of t/u Jjl ■ of Tjmoi- I^t ^ ^f Dtjl- ^^ I J^fx 'f»?>' "^j^P.iiLiarm'i^-yd^k Thuj StuwJ tkc XrUnJ, tn JCrtit c) z6 J^tji : t Z, Thuj Jhiwj thi. Xand tn Xata 1,6 2>ifi: ; X . a'.'*^ J ur //^'t'm'ifmmmmi, Thus Jhiti^J thi JF/1 ■■ :K.etn^ in h^twetnC > -U' »,V W W^ Guinea C( ' "1 'h ■ Thti IJland Timor. 131 1 had heard alio, that there were both Butch and An 1699. ff'iu^ueze Settlements on this Ifland ; but wherea- '^^OP^ )iits^ I knew not : However, I was refolvcd to \iTch about till I found, either one of thefe Settle- ments, or Water in fome other place. It was now almolt Night, and I did not care to in near the Land in the dark, but clapt on a Wind, id ftood off and on till the next Morning, being iptemher 15th, when I fVeered in for the lOand, Jhich now appear'd very plain, being high, double jd treble Land, very remarkable, on whatever Ide you view it. See a Si^ht of it in 2 Parts^ 'Ta- \eV. N^. I. aa. At 3 in the Afternoon we ancho- id in 14 Fathom, foft black oafy Ground, about Mile from the Shore. See 2 Sights more of the oajl^ in fable V. iV^. 2, 3. and the Ifland it felf in ie Particular Map ; which I have here inferted, to jiew the Courfe of the Voyage from hence to the (aftward \ as the General Map ^ fet before the T^ii'"- iol III. Par. I. fhews the Courfe of the w hoie foyage. But in making the Particular Map., I lofe :o begin only with 'Timor.^ that I might not, extending it too far, be forced to contrad the cale too much among the Illands, ^c, of the f(fx' Guinea Coaft i which I chiefly defigned ic lr. The Land by the Sea, on this South-fide, is low ' fandy, and full of tall Streight-bodied Trees te Pines, for about 200 Yards inwards from the lore. Beyond that, furtlicr in towards the Moun- lins, for a Breadth of about 3 Miles more or lefs, kcre IS a Trad of fwampy Mangrovy Land, [hich runs all along between the fandy Land of Shore on one Side of it, and the Feet of the fountains on the other. And this low Mangrovy l-and is overflown every Tide of Flood, by the Wa- pci 'i,at iiows into it throuti;h feveral Mouths or O- f' '-'^^ in the; outer fandy Skirt againlt the Sea. K 2 We I 1' VA \.\ I ii. I |.1 I ,'!!!. 1,;-* if jWHirr'vmTmm^m- Hill* n 1 q 2 The I/land Timorr j7i. 1699 We came to an Anchor right againfl oneoftlieJ ^'^''V^ Openings •, and prclently i went in my Boat ij| feaich tor frcili Water, or get Speech of iheNj. lives •, fi^r v/c Taw Smoaks, Houles, and Plantaiil ens againfl: the Sidcj of the Mountains, not fj from us. It was ebbing Water before we gotaftori,, though the Water was dill high enough to Boat J in without any great Trouble. Atter we v within the Mouth, we found a large Salt-W; L ake, whicli we hoped might bring us up throjs;|| the Mangroves to the fall Land : But before went further, I went afhore on the fandy Land the Sea- fide, and look'd about me •, but faw rh no Sign of frefli Water. Within the f.uidy Baiii(,| the X^'arer forms a large Lake : Going thcreloi into the Boat again, we rowed up the Lake tomi the firm Land, where no doubt there was trel Water, could we come nt it. We found maoil Branches of the Lake entring within the Mangro? Land, but not beyond it. Of thefe we leftfomca the Right-hand, and fome on the Left, ilill ketp ing in the biggell Channel •, which ftill grew final' ler, and at lall fo narrow, that wc could go no !ap ther, ending among the Swamps and Mungrc We were then v/ithin a Mile of fome Houfes Oi 1 Indian Inhabitants, and the firm Land by theSidi of the Hills -, But the Mangroves thus Hopping oi way, we return'd as we came : But it was aim dark before we reach'd the Mouth of the Cred 'Twas with much ado that we got out of it agaiinl for it was now low Water, and there went a rougi fhort Sea on the Bar •, which, however, we pi over witlioui any Damage, and went aboard. The next Morning at live we weighed, and to along Shore \-) the Eaihvard, making ufe o\ tt^ Sea and Land -Breezes. We found the Sea-Breczi here from the S. S. E. to the S. S. W. the Law BiCL/.csfioin the N. to the N. E. We coaftcd aloo| i -TT" 1 ■. ' \ 1 1 1 ♦ ' iM 1 1 ■\\\^ 1 1 1, ! 11 i; ''1 ,' ' i ■ ' s i i ■ 1 1. i 1. 1 li ; 1 Iii^ I 1^ ibout 20 Leflg even Shore, w Ship; And th* or X Mile and any Opening wasilill barnc ^j. no hope t tj,, : • ilioukl Ix fir,, c there was \'\\c Land a for the Sides iloaih'd with ^crc was a Ph H l.iw the C( ecn glad to 1 )raiight I hac t^abouts ; b 3ming j and 1 lap. Weary of lout h- fide of c return the /til-end of t ^orth-fide of i Jorth-Wcfl IN belter'd froni tm to be nea km required Tinds returnir he Weather w confequeni Iras not like i bat by going ^ould there h -ee-fide as th Mve better ri fide, than I cc lined vvich ] \' • r The Ifland 1 imor. 1 3 3 ^out2o Leagues, and found it all a flrcight, boL., ^». 't»s)9. ivcn Shore, without l^oints Creeks or Inlets for a '■^^VN^ Ship: And tluTc is no anchoring till within a Mile or. I Mile and an half of the Shore. We faw fcarce gny Opdiiiig fit for our Boats •, and the f.ift Land Wiisllill harricado'd with Mangroves: So that here %\. m hope to get Water -, nor was it likely that- till : : iliould be hereabouts any European Scttlcmertt, fjna- there was no Sign of a Harbour. Ihc Land appeared pleafant enough to the Eye : For the Sides and Tops of the Mountains were clouhM with Woods niix'd with Savannahs ; and tilt re was a Plantation of the Indian Natives, where fi liw the Coco-Nuts growing, and could have b( n glvid to have come at fome of them. In the ^Draught I had with mc, a Shoal was laid down hereabouts *, but I faw nothing of it, going, or Ifoiningi and fo have taken no Notice of it in my Weary of running thus fruitlcfsly along the i8outh-fide of the Ifland to the Eallward, I refolv'd return the way I came -, and compafling the efl-end of the Ifland, make a Search along the lorih-fide of it. The rather, becaufe the North- forth- Weft Monfoon, which I had defign'd to be belter'd from by coming the way I did, did not m to be near at Hand, as the ordinary Seafon of km required -, but on the contrary I found the Hnds returning again to the South-F-aftward ; and be Weather was fair, and feem'd likely to hold fo -, id confequently the North-North-Well Monfoon U% not like to come in yet. I confidered therefore W by going to the North-fide of the Ifland, I lould there have the fmooth Water, as being the -ee-fide as the Winds jnow were •, and hoped to jave better riding at Anchor or Landing on that [ide, than I could exped here, where the Shore was Hned with Mangroves. K 3 According;!/, II \ a r t 1 1 I 1 , i '1 . It I 1 ; : |.i r n IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I ■50 ^^~ MHi US I2ii i2.2 2.0 Its lU ■it l«o u& 1 = III— ^ ^ 6" ► p^ 7] V Photograidiic Sciences Corporation <^.^' 23 WIST MAIN STRIET WEBSTER, N.Y. MStO (716)872-4S03 '> >x.s -J ^ Smal Jtttplfl. uruvtdofyumafwSltm^ svy Thui Jhiivj ifu XntnJ. at Anther lii^ .Jinrf^Jhort -I a, ^tUyC X'S. 2'huj Shtu^j tluJ^nd aj uue. ^id* of th* Toumi^ Z rphu .J". wmM th* Tcwne urs. w. The IJland Timor. A Dutch Fort. US Irhirh were very green, as were alfo other Trees -^^^ 1699.' lore within Land. We had novr but little Wind ; V^OT^ lerefore I fent my Boat away, to found, and to let le know by Signs what Depth of Water they met mh, if under 8 Fathom ; but if more, I order'd ^hcm to go on, and make no Signs. At 1 1 that lorning, liaving a pretty frefh Gale, I weighed, ind made fail after my Boat *, but edg'd over more to the Weft Shore, becaufe I faw many fmaller O- jenings there, and was in Hopes to find a good larbour where I might fecure the Ship ; for then could with more Safety fend my Boats to feek for Ifrelh Water. I had not failed far before the Wind came to the South-Eaft and blew fo ftrong, that I Eould not with Safety venture nearer that Side, it :ing a Lee-ihore. Befides, my Boat was on the Laft-fide of the Timor Coaft ; for the other was, as found afterwards, the Jnabao Shore ; and the jreat Opening I was now in, was the Streight be- Ktn that Ifland and Tifnor \ towards which I now ick'd and ftood over. Taking up my Boat there- fore, I ran under the Timor Side, and at 3 a Clock mchored in 29 Fathom, half a Mile from the Shore, ^hat Part of the South- Weft Point of 77/» I ■ 1 , 1 i 4' 8 -'rn *i,< , 1 1 1 1 • 1, * r/''.; i r,i , \ i . H tr \'- :-i II 6 ' Tarly with the 1>\jXq\\, 'An. 1699. did he feem willing that we fhould come near thcr ^■^VNJ Fort fcr Water. He faid alfo, that he did not know of any Water on all that Part of the Ifland, but only at the Fort •, and that the Natives would kill ns, if they met us alhore. By the fmall Arras my Men carried with them in the Boat, they took us to be Pirates, and would not eafily believe the Account my Men gave them of what we were, and whence we came. They faid that about 2 Years be- fore this, there had been a (lout Ship of French Pi- rates here; and that after having been fuffered to Water, and to refrefli themfelves, and been kinilly ufed, they had on a fudden gone among the lni\- ans,^ Subjeds of the Fort, and plundered them and burnt their Houfes, And the Portugucze here toid us afterwards, that thofe Pirates, whom they alfo had entertain'd, had burnt their Houfes, and had taken the Dinch Fort, ^though the Dutch car'd no; to ov/n fo much,j and had driven the Governoa and Fadlory among the wild Indians their Eneinie?. The Dutch told my Men further, that they could not bjt think we had of feveral Nations fas is ullial with Pirate Veflels) in our Ship, and particiibriy iomt Dutch Men, though all the Difcourfe wasin French \ ffor I had not one who could fpeak DiiU>j^] Or elfe, fmce the common Draughts make no Paf- fage between Timor and AnahaOy but lay down both as one Ifland ; they faid they fufpe6led we had plon- dered fome Dutch Ship of their particular Draugius, which they are forbid to part witii. With tiicfc Jcaloufies the Sloop returned towaHs their Fort, and my Boat came back with this News to me : But I was not difcouraged at this News -, not doubting but I fhould perfwade them better, vhi^ I fliouki come to talk with them. So the next Morning I wcigiied, and flood towards the Fc;:. The Winds were fomewhat againfh us, fo tii.ii w? could not go very fail, being obliged to rack : or 3 Tiirr^i- '^, ^ The IJland Anabao. 137 n Times . And coming near the farther End of the-^Vl^' Paflage between 'Timor and Anabao, we faw many '' Houfes on each Side not far from the Sea, and feve- ral Boats lying by the Shore. The Land on both Sides was pretty high, appearing very dry and of a reddiih Colour, but highell on the Timor Side. The Trees on either Side were but fmall, the Woods thin, and in many Places the Trees were dry and vitticred. The Idand Anamahao or Anabao, is not very big, not exceeding :o Leagues in length, and 4 in Breadth -, yet it has 2 Kingdoms in it, viz. that of Anamabao on the Eaft-fide towards Timor, and the North-Eaft-end ; and that of Anabao, which contains the South- Weft-end .and the Weft-fide of the Ifland v but I know not which of them is big- geft. The Natives of both are of the Indian kind, of a fwarthy Copper-colour, with black lank Hair. Thofe of Anamabao are in League with the Dutch^ as thefe afterwards told me, and with the Natives of the Kingdom of Copang in Timor, over-againft them, in which the Dutch Fort Concordia ftands: But they are faid to be inveterate Enemies to their Neighbours of Anabao. Thofe of Anabao, befides managing their fmall Plantations of Roots and a few Coco-nuts, do filh, ftrike Turtle, and hunt Buffalo's i killing them with Swords, Darts, or Lances. But I know not how they get their Iron ; Ifuppofe, by Traffick with the D«/f^ or Portugueze, who fend now and then a Sloop and trade thither, but well-arm'd ; for the Natives would kill them, could they furprize them. They go always armed themfelves ; And when they go a filhing or a hunt- ting, they fpend 4 or 5 Days or more in ranging a- houc, before they return to their H:.bitation. We often faw them, after this, at thefe Employments ; but they would not come near us. The Fifh or Hclli that they take, befides what ferves for prefent fpending. t ( 1 1 ■ i ;. ■| 1 1. I 1 i 1 * 1 i if I/' ■.I i' •' .< , fl y ' ft 1 : ' ! 7^" If i*l' \ . \ \ ''r:i! 1 3 S ^Parley with the Dutch at Timor. '<**». 1699. fpending, they dry on a Barbacue or wooden Gratr, ^^^>r^ (landing pretty high over the Fire, and lb carry it home when they return. We came fometimes at terwards to the Places where they had Meat thus a drying, but did not touch any of it. But to proceed *, I did not think to ftop any where till I came near the Fort i which yei I did not fee : But coming to the End of this Paflage, I found that if I we.it any farther I Ihould be open again to the Sea. I therefore (tood in clofe to the Shore on the Eaft-fide, and anchored in 4 Fathom Water, fandy Ground ; a Point of Land ftill hin- dring me from feeing the Fort. But I fent my Boat to look about for it ; and in a fhort Time Die re- turned, and my Men told me they faw the Fort, but did not go near it ; and that it was not above 4 or 5 Miles from hence. It being now ke, I would not fend my Boat thither till the next Morn- ing : Mean while about 2 or 300 Indiansy Neigh- bours of the Fort, and fent probably from thence, came to the f:\ndy Bay juft againft the Ship » where they (laid all Night, and made good Fires. They were armed with Lances, Swords and Targets, and made a great Noife all the Night : We thought it was to fcare us from landing, ftiould we attempt it; But we took little Notice of them. The ne^t Morning, being September the 23d, 1 fent my Clerk afhore in my Pinnace to the Govcrnour, to fatisfy him that we were Englijh Men, and in the Kin^s Ship, and to ask Water of him ; fending a young Man with him, who fpake French. My Clerk was with the Governour pretty early -, and in An fwer to his Queries about me, and my Bufineisin thefe Parts, told him that I had the King of Eny land's CommilTion, aiui defired to ipeak with him, He beckned to my Clerk to come ailiorc i but al- foon as he faw fome fmall Arms in the Stern Sheet? of the Boat, he commtinded him into the Kou '^ op. \ \ ^n parley with the Dutch at Timor. 139 iin, and would have him be gone. My Clerk fol-^n. 1699^ licitfd him that he would allow him to fpeak with l^Wi Ijiim ; and at laft the Governour confented that he [fhould come alhore ; and fent his Lieutenant and 3 [Merchants, with a Guard of about a hundred of [the Native Indians to receive him. My Clerk faid (that we were in much want of Water, and hop'd [they wou'd allow us to come to their Watcring- iplace, and fill. But the Governour replied, that he (iad Orders not to fupply any Ships but their own Enfi-hidia Campany •, neither muft they allow any Europeam to come the Way that we came*, and jwondred how we durll come near their Fort. My ! Clerk anfwered him, that had we been Enemies, we [muft have come afhore among them for Water : JBut, faid the Governour, you are come to infpedb into our Trade and Strength ; and I will have you therefore be gone with all Speed. My Clerk an- [fwered him, that I had no fuch Defign, but, with- out coming nearer them, would be contented if the Governour would fend Water on Board where we lay, about 2 Leagues from the Fort ; and that I would make any reafonable Satisfaftion for it. The Governour faid that we Ihould have what Water wc wanted, provided we came no nearer with the Ship : And ordered, that aflbon as we pleafcd, we lliould fend our Boat full of empty Casks, and come to an Anchor with it off the Fort, till he fent Slaves to bring the Casks afhore, and fill them •, for that none of our Men mufl come alhore. The fame i^fternoon I fent up my Boat as he had direded, I with an Officer, and a prefent of fome Beer for the Governour; which he would not accept of> but fent me off about a Ton of Water. On the 24th in the Morning I fent the fame Offi- cer again in my Boat ; and about Noon the Boat returned again with the two principal Merchants of the Factory, and the Lieutenant of the Fort ; for 1 ; 1 1 I; I 1 i ' fi-K I M U \' is 1' ••I ijl "'1' , .1 ^ ! •j' 1 .' i I fj 1 'jr Hf ' I i w il^llfll i'l i ('. ■I I P 4!' 140 T'Wifr with the Dutch at prefent, confulted An. 1699. I with my other Officers what was beft to be done •, i^^V^ for by this the Governour fhould fcem to defign to [(juarri'l with us. All my other Officers thought it I natural to infer To much, and that it was not lafe to Ifcnd the Boat a.(hore any more, left it lliould be Ifeiz'd on i but rhac it was bell logo away, and Ifeek more Water where we could find it. For ha- lving now (as I faid) 1 1 Buts aboard •, and the Land being promifing this way, I did not doubt finding Wiiter in a Ihort Time. But my Officer who occa- Ifion'd thefe Fears in us by his own Forgeries, was [himfelf for going no further ; having a Mind, as far as I could perceive, to make every Thing in the [Voyage, to which he fhew'd himfelf averfe, feemas [crofs and difcouraging to my Men as poffible, that I he might haftcn our Return i being very negfigent land backward in moft Bufmcfles I had occafion to employ him in; doing nothing well or willingly, I though I did all I could to win him to it. He was Ifllfo iiiduflrious to fiir up the Sea-men to Mutiny ; 'telling them, among other Things, that any Dutch I Ship might lawfully take us in thefe Seas ; but I 'knew better, and avoided every Thing that could give juftOftence. The reft of my Officers therefore being refolvcd I to go from hence, and having bought Ibme Fifh of iomQ Anamabeans^ who, feeing our Ship, came pur- Ipofely to fell fome,^paffing to and fro eveiy Day ; |i lail'd away on the 26th about 5 in the Afternoon. I We pafs'd along between a fmall low fandy Illand [{over againft the Fort,j full of Bays and pretty I high Trees \ founding as we went along •, and had ifrom 25 to 35 Fathom, oafy Ground. Seethe little ^Mipof thisPaJfage, Table V I. N'^.i. The 27th in the Morning wc anchored in the I Middle of the Bay, called Copang^xy^ in 12 Fa- thom, fofc Oaze, about 4 Leagues above the Dutch Fort. all ' ii 'U I ; i' I .' I' i 1,1 W ■A : ; I ;'^.:; ! ; 142 Cofang Bay in the IJland Timor. 'An_ 1699. Fort. Their Sloop was riding by the Fort, andij the Night fired a Gun ; but for what Reafon I know not : and the ( jovcrnour laid afterwards, 'twjj the Skipper's own doing, without his Order. Pre. fcntly after we had anchored, I went in the Pinnae? to fcarch about the Bay for Water, but found nonf, Then, returning a-board, I weighed, and ran down to the North Entrance of the Bay, and at] in the Evening anchored again, in 37 Fathom, fet Gaze, clofe by the fandy Ifland, and about 4 Leagues from the Dutch Fort. The 28th I lent both my Boats afhore on the fandy Ifland, to cut Wood J and by Noon they both came back laden. In the Afternoon I fent my Pinnace afhore on the North Coaft or Point of Copang Bay, which iscall'd Babao, Late in the Night they returned, and told me that they faw great Tracks of Buffalo's there, but none of the Buffalo's thcmfelves ; neither did they find any frefh Water. They alfo faw fomc green I'urtle in the Sea, and one Alligator. The 29th I went out of Copang Bay, dcfigningto Coaft it along Shore on the North-fide of '/iw^no the Eaftward *, as well to feek for Water, as alfo to acquaint my (t\i with the Ifland, and to fearchtor the Portugueze Settlements ; which we were informed were about forty Leagues to the Eaftward of thii Place. We coafl-ed along Shore with Land and Sea- Breezes. The Land by the Shore was of a mode- rate height, with high and very remarkable Hills farther within the Country ; their Sides- all fpotted with Woods and Savannahs. But thefe on the Mountains Sides appeared of a rufty Colour not lo pleafant and flourifliing as thofe that we faw on the South- fide of the Ifland; for the Trees feemed to be Imall and withering •, and the Grafs in the Savan- nahs alfo look'd dry, as if it wanted Moifture. But in the Valleys, and by the Sea-fide, the Trees look'd here I The Ifland Timor. I4J liffc airo more green. Yet we (iiw no good Ancho- An. 1699. ring-place, or Opcninc, that gave us any Incoii- U'V^ ragtincnt to put in \ tillrhc 90th Day in the After- joon. We were then running along Shore, at about Leagues diltance, with a moderate Sea-breeze } hen wc opened a pretty deep Bay, which appeared ) be a good Road to anchor in. There were two argc Valleys, and one fmallcr one, which dclcend- ng from the Mountains came all into one Valley y the Sea-fide againft this Bay, which was full of itaJl green Trees. I prefently flood in with the Ship» ill within two Leagues of the Shore i and then fent n my Pinnace commanded by my chief Mate> hofe great Care, Fidelity, and Diligence, I was ell aflured of i ordering him to feek for frefh Wa- ter ; and if he found any, to found the Bay, and ring me Word what anchoring there was \ and to make hafte aboard. As foon as they were gone, I flood off a little, md lay by. The Day was now far fpent \ and there- fore it was late before they got afliore with the Boat ; *o that they did not come aboard again that Night. Which I was much concern'd at i becaufe in the E- cning, when the Sca-Breeze was done and the Wea- her calm, I perceived the Ship to drive back again the Wcftward. I was not yet acquainted with e I'ides here -, for I had hitherto met with no rong Tides about the Ifland, and fcarce any run- ing in a Stream, to fct me along Shore either way. ut after this Time, 1 had pretty much of them ; d found at prefent the Flood fet to the Eaftward, nd the Ebb to the Weflward. The Ebb (with hich I was now carried^ fets very flrong, and runs 8 or 9 Hours. The Flood runs but weak, and at oil lads not above 4 hours j and this too is per- ceived only near the Shore ; where checking the Ebb, it fwclls the Seas, and makes the Water rife in the Bays 1 ■ h" ' I I- I PI '1' ■■ 1 '1 1. < I !'l i i \ li I* ' V I ll ;^i I \ \ '!i ^il!i i I 1^^ Tbe IJland Timor. 'A: 1699. Bays and Rivers 8 or 9 Foot. I was afterwards crc ^'^'V^ dibly informed by fome Portugueze^ that the Current runs ^always to 4jhe Wcftward in the Mid-Channel between this Ifland and thofe that face it in a Range to the North of it, viz. Miftcomba (ox Omba) fin. tare, Laubana, Ende, &c. We were driven 4 Leagues back again, and took 1 particular Notice of a roint of Land that looked like Flamhorough'heady when we were cither to the Eaft or Weft of it 5 and near the Shore it appeared like an Ifland. Four or five Leagues to the Eaft of this Point, is another very remarkable bluff Point, which is on the Weft-fide of the Bay that my Boat was in. See two Sights of this Land, Table Vl N'^Al.Wl. We could not ftem the Tide, till abo« 3 a Clock in the Afternoon ; when the Tide running with us, we foon got abreaft of the Bay, and then 'few a fmall Ifland to the Eaft ward ot us. ^en\ Sight of it, Table VI. iV^. IF. About 6 we anchc red in the Bot^'om of the Bay, in 25 Fathom, foft| Oaze, half a Mile from the Shore. I made many falfe Fires in the Night, and now I and then fired a Gun, that my Boat might find me ; but to no Purpofe. In the Morning 1 found my felf driven again by the Tide of Ebb^or 4 Leagues to the Weft ward of the Plact* where! I left my Boat. I had feveral Men looking cut her : but could not get Sight of her : Befides, 11 continued ftill driving to the Weftward ; for we had but little Wind, and that againft us. But by 10 a Clock in the Morning we had the Comfort of feeing the Boat; and at 11 flie came aboard, bringing 2| Barrecoes of very good Water. The Mate told me there was good Anchoringl clofe by the Watering-place ; but that there ran a very ftrong Tide, whicH near the Shore made kvm Races i fo that they found much Danger in getting adicrt The IflandVimoT. 145 lore, and were afraid to come off again in the'^»''C)99 iight, becaufc of the Riplings the Tide made. •^'VNrf. We had now the Sea-breeze, and fleered away )r this Bay j but could hardly llemm the Tide, till )ut 3 in the Afternoon j when the Tide being jrned with us, we went along briskly, and about 6 ichored in the Bay, in 25 Fathom, fofc Oaze, ilf a Mile from the Shore. The next Morning I went afhore to fill Water, id before Night fent aboard 8 Tons. We fill'd ic >ut of a large Pond within 50 Paces of the Sea. Tc 3ok'd pale, but was very good, and boiled Peafe pell. I faw the Tra6t of an Alligator here. Not ir from the Pond, we found the Rudder of a Ma- tpn Proe, 3 great Jars in a fmall Shed fet up a- linft a Tree, and a Barbacue whereon there had cen Fi(h and Flefh of Buffaloes dreft, the Bones nng but a little from it. In 3 Days we fiU'd about twenty fix Tun of Wa- er, and then had on Board about 30 Ton in all. fhe 2 following Days we fpent in Filhing with the line, and the firft Morning caught as many as fcr- ed all my Ship's Company : But afterwards we had 3t fo good Succefs. The reft of my Men, which )uld be fpared from the Ship, I fent out ; Some hth the Carpenter's Mate, to cut Timber for my 3ats, &c. Thefe went always guarded with 3 or 4 rmed Men to fecure them : I (hewed them whan ^od was fitting to cut for our Ufe, efpecially the ilabafli and Maho ; I Ihewed them alfo the manner ftripping the Maho-bark, and of making there- with Threii ', Twine, Roi.es, ^c. Others were [nt out a J owling *, who brought Home Pidgeons, irrots, Cackatoos, &c, I was always with one irty or other, my felf ; efpecially with the Car- enters, to haften them to get what they could, thac U might be gone from hence. V L. III. Our ji * Hr i f] i: A f. ^^ i'A I "h M ' "■'!' ¥H\ I (.it..! i n I "I ;,' ); i': ■' 'T tin t • : I . '<■ ,; I U''' ^ 1' i I ":f ii!^] i : U fi- ll. f '^' ' !;!i ( i I 11 tj^S The Ij!ani Timor. An. 1699. Our Water being full, I fail'd from hence 0^^ U^V^^ her the 6th about 4 in the Afternoon, defigningto coaft along Shore to the Raftward, till I came totlie Porttigueze Settlements. By the next Morning ^ were driven 3 or 4 Leagues to the "Weft of the Bay) but in the Afternoon, having a faint Sea-brcezt, wt got again abreaft of it. It was the nth Day at Noon before we got as far as the fmall Ifland befor^ mentioned, whch lies about 7 Leagues to theEail of the Wateri g Bay : For what we gained in tlie Afternoon by the Benefit of the Sea-breezes wc again in the Evenings and Mornings, while it waj cahn, in the Interval of the Breezes. But thisDaj the Sea-breeze blowing frefher than ordinary, we pall by the Ifland and run before Night about 7 LcagJ to the Eaft of it. This Ifland is not half a Mile long, and notabovt| 100 Yards in breadth, and look'd juft like a Barn, when we were by it : It is pretty high, and may feen from a Ship's Topmall-head about 10 Leagufil The Top, and Part of the Sides, are covered wid Trees, and it is about % Leagues from timor\ about Mid-way between the Watering-place aoi the Portugueze firft and main Settlement by Shore. In the Night we were again driven back towai the Ifland, 3 Leagues: But the 12th Day, having pretty brisk Sea-breeze, we coafted along Shorci and feeing a great many Houfes by the Sea, I ft in with my Ship till I was within 2 Miles of diei and then fent in my Boat, and lay by till it retu! ed. I lent an Officer to command the Boat ; and Portugueze Seaman that I brought from -Sr/zz//, fpeak with the Men that we faw on the Bay ; tki being a great many of them, both Foot and Horf( I couH not tell what Officer there might be amoi|' fihem ; but I ordered my Officer to tell the Chief them than we were Englijh^ and came hither forF frelhiufi » I A rclhment. As foon as the Boat came afliore, and -^». 1699. ie Inhabitants were informed who we were, they ^-^OP^ lere very glad, and fent me Word that I was wel- pme, and Ihould have any thing that the Ifland af- jrded i and that I muft run a little farther about Wl Point, where I ihould fee more Houfes ; ad that the Men would ftand on the Bay, right a- jinft the Place where I muft anchor. With this Jews the Boat immediately returned ; adding with- l that the Governour lived about 7 Miles up in the tpuntry ; and that the chief Perfon here was a lieutenant, who defired me, as foon as the Ship ^as at Anchor, to fend afhore one of my Officers go to the Governour, and certify him of our Ar- Ival. I prefcntly made Sail towards the Ancho- Ing-place, and at 5 a Clock anchored in Laphao Ky, in 20 Fathom, foft Oaze, over againft the Town. A Defcription of which, and of the Por- ^liueze Settlement there, fhall be given in the fol- pwing Chapter. Aflbon as I came to Anchor, I fent my Boat a- 3re with my fecond Mate, to go to the Gover- }ur. The Lieutenant that lived here, had provi- cd Horfes and Guides for him, and fent 4 Soldiers |ith him for his Guard, and, while he was abfent, paced my Men with Arack at his own Houfe, W he and fome others of the Townfmen fhew'd em many broad thin Pieces of Gold •, telling them It they had Plenty of that Metal, and would wil- bgly traffick with them for any Sort of European Ipmmodities. About 1 1 a Clock my Mate return- on Board, and told me he had been in the Coun- and was kindly received by the Gentleman he fntto wait upon-, who faid we were welcome, and )uld have any thing the Ifland afforded ; and that !was not himfelf the Covernour, but only a Depu- \' He asked why we did not fal ute their Fort when we khoid ; My Mate anfwer'd, that we faw no Co- L 2 lours l!vi *' ri' ■ m 111 / ' I ■' , it! r i{ 148 ^i!/r/)' "wi^vV^ the Portuguezc tf/ Timor. vf/'. i.')^.) lours flying, nnd therefore did not know tlifrj ^^"^ v/as any Fort till he came afliore and faw theGuns;| and if we had known that there was a Fort, yet that we could not have given any Salute till we knew that tlicy would anfwer it with the like Number ot Guns. The Deputy Hiid, it was very well; and that he had but little Powder ; and therefore woulj gladly buy fome of us, if we had any to fparei which my Mate told him, we had not. The inh the Deputy fent me aboard a Prefent of 2 young Buflaloes, 6 Goats, 4 Kids, 140 Coco-niirs, 300 ripe Mangoes, and 6 ripe Jacks. This was all very acceptable; and all the Time wt, lay here, we had frefh Provifion, and Plenty of Fruits ; fo that chofe of my Men that were fickof| the Scurvy, foon recovered and grewlufty. I here till the 2 2d, went afliore feveral Tines, ani once purpol'cly to fee the Deputy ; who came cf the Country alfo on purpofe to fee and talkwittl me. And then indeed there were Guns fired forSa lutes, both aboard my Ship and at the Fort. Oii:| Inverview was in a fmall Church, which was with the better Sort of People ; the poorer Soil thronging on the Outfide, and looking in upon us For the Church had no Wall but at the Eaft-end the Sides and the Weft-end being open, favingonl that it had Boards about 3 or 4 Foot high fromtk Ground. I faw but 2 white Men among themal! One was a Padre that came along with the Lieiitt' mint i the other was an Inhabitant of the Towi The reft were all Copper-colour'd, with black lanl Hair. I rtaid there about 2 Hours, and we f to each other by an Interpreter. I asked parda larly about the Seafons of the Year, and whentlii expc(5i;ed the North-North-Weft Monfoon. Ti Dt^pury told me, that they expe6led the Wind (but every Moment*, and that fome Years tr North-North- Weft Monfoon fee in in Sej^tmkr, ^i \V. ^l parley with the Portuguczc at Timor. 149 i never failed to come in October •, and for that Rea- ^». 1699. Ifon defir'd me to make what hafte I could from '>^V^^ hence i for that 'twas impoflible to ride here when thofe Winds came. I asked him if there was no harbour hereabouts, where I might be fecured from the Fury of thefe Winds at their firft coming. He told me, that the beft Harbour in the Ifland was at a Place called Babao^ on the North- fide of Copang Bay, that there were no Inhabitants there, but Plenty of Buffaloes in the Woods, and Abundance lof Filh in the Sea ; that there was alfo frefli Wa- ter : That there was another Place, call'd Port Se- Jallf about 20 Leagues to the Eaftward of Laphao •, [that there was a River of frefh Water there, and [plenty of Fifh, but no Inhabitants : Yet that, if I rauld go thither, he would fend People with Hogs, [Goats and Buffaloes, to truck with me for fuch Commodities as I had to difpofe of. I was afterwards told, that on the Eaft-end of lellland Ende there was alfo a very good Harbour, md a Portugueze Town •, that there was great Plcn- of Refrelhments for my Men, and Dammer for ly Ship i that the Governour or Chief of that ^lace, was caird Captain More ; that he was a ve- courteous Gentleman, and would be very glad p entertain an Engli/h Ship there ; and if I defign*d 10 go thither, I might have Pilots here that would V willing to carry me, if I could get the Lieutc- aant's Confent. That it was dangerous going thi- kr without a Pilot, by Reafon of the violent ^ides that run between the Iflands Er.de and Solor, as told alfo, that at the Ifland Solor there ^ere a great many Dutchmen baniflit from other rlaccs for certain Crimes. I was willing enough to 50 thither, as well to fecure my Ship in a good Har- bour, where I might careen her, (there being Dam- Bicr alfo, which I could not get here, to make ufe 5f inftcad of Pitch, which I now wanted,) and L 3 wher« M ■I i ■ ii i. I, ■;. '; * ■'/*: , ■ >. ■.*»««»!«** '^r. ill.,' •il 111 1 \ 111 1 ; ? \i .h| ! I'd {■■■ii| i li:i ! !i I 1 5 o Parley with the PbrtugUczc /ijf Timor. .an. 1 699. where I might ftill be refrcfhing my Men and fup. ^^'V^ porting them, in or4er to my Tui-ther Difcoveriej; as alfo to inform my felf tr^ore particularly con- cerning thefe Places as yet Jo little known to us. Accordingly I accepted the Offct of a Pilot and two Gentlemen of the Town, to co iVith me to Larentucka on the Ifland Ende : And they were to come on Board my Ship the Night before I failfd, But I was hindred of this Defign by fome of my Officers, who had here alfo been very bufie in doing me all the Injury they c'ould underhand. But to proceed. "While I ftaid here, I went a- f}:ore every Day, and my Men took there Turns to go afhore and traffick for what tliey had Occaficn for ; and were now all very well again : And to keep themfelves in Heart, every Man bought fome Rice, more or lefs, to recruit them after our former fatigues. Befides, I order'd the Purfer to buy fome for them, to ferve them ii.^ead of Peafe, v/hich were now almoft fpent. I fill'd up my Wa- ter-Casks again here, and cut more Wood •, and f^nt a Prefent to the Lieutenant, yllexis Menk% dfcfigning to be gone i for while I lay here, we had fome Tornadoes and Rain, and tftc Sky in the North-Weft looked very black MornirYgs and Eve- nings, with Lightning all Night from that Quarter; v^hich made me very uneafy and defirous to depart hence \ becaufe this Road lay expos'd to the Nordi- North-Weft and North Winds, whicn were now daily expected, and v/hich are commonly fo violent, that 'tis impofTible for any Ship to ride them out; Yet, on the other Hand, it was abfoiutely neceiii- ry for me to fpcnd about 2 Months Time longer la fome Place hereabouts, before I could profecute my V'oyagc f.irthcr to the Eaftward •, for Reafonsl v;hich I ih.ill give herealrer in its proper Place m the enfuing Dilcourlc. Wlicn therefore I fent the Pf'.!:cni to :iie Govc;-nour, I tiefired to have aPi-^M [0 ill i^ Laphao: Tort Scfiall; $11 Urentucka on the Ifland Ende ; where I defir'd-'"' '699; fpend the Time I had to fpare. He now fent ^-^OT^ \t Word that he could not well do it, but would fend mc a Letter to Port Sefiall for the Natives, rho would come to me there and fupply me with ^hat Provifion they had. I (laid 3 Days, in hopes yet to get a Pilot for Urentucka^ or at leaft the Letter from the Gover- lour to Port Sefiall. But (eeing neither, I fail'd rom hence the 2 2d oi October ^ coafting to the Ealt- md, dcfigning for Sefiall *, and before Night, was ibout 10 Leagues to the Eafl of Laphao, I kept ibout 3 Leagues off Shore, and my Boat ranged ilong clofe by the Shore, looking into every Bay jnd Cove ; and at Night returned on Board. The lext Morning, being 3 or 4 Leagues farther to the Taftward, I fent my Boat alhore again to find 5/?/?* [4//. At Noon they returned, and told me they had [been at Sefiall^ as they guefs'd j that there were two [P(?r///|;«VN^ between Crofs Ifland and Tivior^ and have h;il'(^ my Ship afliore j for there was a v(m v <. onvcuicnt Place to do it in ; but my Ship being iharp, I did noc dare to do it : Befides, I muft have taken eve* ly thing out of her \ and I had neither Boats to get iny Things alhore, nor Hands to look after them when they were there •, for my Men would Jiave been all employed i and though here are no Indians living near, yet they come hither in Companies when Ships are here, on Purpofe to ao any Mifchicf they can to them ; and 'twas not above 2 Years fincc a Porlugueze Ship riding here, and fending her Boat for Water to one of the Galleys, the Men were all killed by the Lidians. But to fecure my Men, I never fuFer'd them to go afliore unarmed ; and while fome were at Work, others flood to guard them. ^ We lay in this Place from October the 28 th, till ddcember the 12th. In which Time we made very good Lime with Shells, of which here are plenty. We cut Palmcto-leaves to burn the Ship's-fides i and giving her as good a Heel as we could, we burned her Sides, and paid them with Lime and Water for want of Oyl to mix with it. This ftuck oil about 2 Months, where 'twas well burned. We did not want frefh Provifions all the Time we lay here, either of Fi(h or P^efh. For there were fair fandy Bays on the Point of Babao, where in 2 or 3 Hours in a Morning we ufed with our Sain to drag alhore as much Fifh as we could eat all the Day ; and for a Change of Diet, when we were weary of I'ilh, I Tent 10 or 11 armed Men a hunting for Buhaloes ; who never came empty home. They ^^cnt afhore in the Evening or early in the Mor- ning, ind before Noon always returned with their Burdens 1- t I! t, .5 ■,' i i 1 i ' , s I i ■ 1 M. "M ri { I 'f ■ h\ Ai U'/:^.K ";f \;i I ' !• t ■ , ( ji::i1f 1 t > n i I i 3 1 5+ T/je Dutch F f |»l > ,. U 11 (t .) . > ^1 -.; 1 » > t,l •",; , : 1 1 J ■ ■ •\- 1 I' SI 1^ ,r f I I i 1 5 6 Babao. 'j: i<^99.for us with a large Wind i bcfidcs tlic Trouble wJ >^V^^ Difcontent, which might have ariicn among irJ Men in beating to Windward to fo little PurpoiJ there being nothing to be got at Sea •, but here wj lived and did cat picntifuTiy every Day without Trouble. The grcatcft: Inconvcnicncy of this PlicJ was want of Water i this being the latter Part of the dry Seafon, becaufc the Monfoon was very utt this Year. About 4 Days before we came aw;iy,w{| had Tornadoes, with Thunder, Lightning and Raio, and much Wind i but of no long ContiniianctJ at which Time we filled fomc Water. Wcfawyt- ry black Clouds, and heard it thunder every Day for near a Month before, in the Mountains \ and faw it rain, but none came near us : And even where we hunted, we faw great Trees torn up by the Roots, and great Havock made among tlic| Woods by the Wind \ yet none touched us. V \ \ !i| CHAP. ii,- ■M- ;!* \ f ■, i<> The IJland Timor: CHAP. II. ftftKuUr Vtfcripuon of the IJland Timor* Its Coaft. Tht /- jUnd Anabao. fault of tht Draughts, Tht Channtl htwttn Timor MNil Antlbao. Copang-^4y. Fort Concordia. A parm iHuUr dtfcnptitn $f the Bay. The Ant horing- place, called Ba- bao. l^'t Malayans here kilt all the Europeans they can. La- phao, a Vortugutze Settlement ^ deftribid. Port Gccale. Tha mill. Water, Low-lands, Soil, Woods, Metalt, in the Ifland Timor lit Tries, Cana-fiftula/rM defcrihed. Wild Fig-trees Jt[cribtti. Two new forts of Palm- trees defcrihed. The Fruits if tht IJland. The Herbs. Its Land-Animals, Fowls. Tht Rin^in^ bird. Its Fifj. Cockle merchants and Oyfters. Cocl^les as btg as a Stan's Head. Its original Natives defcribed. Thi Portu^ttete and Dutch Settlements. The Malayan Languaga imrally f^oken here. L' Orantua en the Jfland Ende. 7«« itAfm, Winds, and Weather at Timor. Tl 1 F Ifland Timor ^ as I have faid in my Voy- age rourd the World, is about feventy [Leagues long, and fourteen or fixteen broad. It lies nearly North-Eaft and South-Weft. The Middle of it Iks ill about 9^. South Lat. It has no Navigable Rivers, nor many Harbours \ but abundance of Bays, for Ships to ride in at fome Seafons of the Year. The Shore is very bold, free from Rocks, Shoals or Iflands -, excepting a few which are vifible, and therefore eafily avoided. On the South-fide there is a Shole laid down in our Draughts, about thirty Leagues from the South- Weft-end •, I was fifteen or twenty l^eagues further to the Eaft than that ciiftance, but faw nothing of the Shole ; nei- ther could I find any Harbour. It is a pretty even Shore, with Sandy Bays and low Land for about three or four Miles up i and then *tis mountainous. There is no Anchoring but within half a League or a League at fartheft from the Shore •, and the low Land tliat bounds the Sea, hath nothing but red JMan- 157 'An, 1699. > I il r'l , 1 j ,' i 5 f^ ( I ^.'^.i- I' 11''! 'l! Ml ; 158 The IJland Timor and Anabao defcribel '4»- 1 699- Mangroves, even from the Foot of the Mountain! 1 '"^ till you come within a hundred and fifty or two hundred paces of the Sea ; and then you have Sani banks, cloath'd with a fort of Pine -, fo that there is no getting Water on this fide, becaufe of the Man- 1 groves. At the South-Wefl: end of Timot\ is a pretty high 1 Ifland, called Anahao. It is about ten or twelve Leagues long, and about four broad; near whicli the Dutch are fettled. It lies fo near T/wor, that His laid down in our Draughts as part of that Ifland; yet we found a narrow deep Channel fit for any Ships to pafs between them. This Channel is about ten Leagues long, and in fome places not above a I League wide. It runs North-Eait and South- Weft, fo deep that there is no Anchoring but very nigli the Shore. There is but little Tide \ the Flood fet- ting North, and the Ebb to the Southward. At the NorCh-Eaft-end of this Channel, are two Points of Land, not above a League afunder ; one on the South-fide upon Tunor^ called Copang j the other on the North-fide, upon the Ifl.ind Anahas^ From this Jaft point, the Land trends away Northerly two or three Leagues, opens to the Sea, and then bends ia again to the Well ward. Being paft thefe Points, you open a Bay of about eight Leagues long, and four wide. This Bay trends in on the South-fide North-Eaft by Eaft from the I South-point before mentioned ; making many fmai Points or little Coves. About a League to the Eaft of the faid South-point, the Dutch have a fmail Stone Fort, fituated on a firm Rock clofe by the | Sea : This Fort they call Concordia. On the Eaft- fide of the Fort, there is a fmall River of freOi Wa- ter, which has a broad boarded Bridge over it, near to the Entry into tht Fort. Beyond this River is a fmall fandy Bay, where the Boats and Barks land and convey their Traffick in or out of the Fort. About :• i ( ( i ^M The IJland Timor dejcrlbei, 159 innundred Yards from the Sea-fide, and as many ^». 1699. roni the Fort, and forty Yards from the Bridge on U-'V^ ^e Eaft-fide, the Company have a fine Garden, furrounded with a good Stone-Wall \ In it is plenty i all forts of Sallads, Cabbages, Roots for the Litchen ; in fome parts of it are Fruit-trees, as Ijaca's, Pumplenofe, Oranges, fweet Lemons, £s?f. md by the Walls are Coco-nut and Toddy-trees in rreac plenty. Befides thefe, they have Musk and iVacer-Melons, Pine- Apples, Pomecitrons, Pome- granates, and other forts of Fruits. Between this [Garden and the River, there is a Penn for black [Cattle, whereof they have plenty. Beyond the Companies Ground, the Natives have their Houfes, (in number about fifty or fixty. There are forty or iiifty Soldiers belonging to this Fort, but I know [not how many Guns they have •> For I had only op- [portunity to fee one Baftion, which had in it four [Guns. Within the Walls there is a neat little Church [or Chapel. Beyond Concordia the Land runs about feven (Leagues to the bottom of the Bay ; then it is not (above a League and half from fide to fide, and the ILand trends away Northerly to the North-Shore, then turns about again to the Weft ward, making [•the South-fide of the Bay. About three Leagues land a half from the bottom of the Bay on this fide, [there is a fmall Ifland about a Musket-ihot from the (■Shore ; and a Riff of Rocks that runs from it to the fEaftward about a mile. On the Weft-fide of the [Ifland is a Channel of three Fathom at low Water, rof which depth it is alfb within, where Ships may haul ia and carreen. Weft from this Ifiand the Land rounds away in a Bite or Elbow, and at laft ends in a low point of Land, which ihoots forth a Ledo;e of ocKs a mile into the Sea, which is dry at Low- W:irer. Juit againft the low Point of Land, and to the Weil of the Ledge of Rocks, is another pret- ty. 1; , : , 1,; .,;, it.' M|j! ' jf.yi'':?i i % :i ^ ^ij % ^'iJ'i. ■I , li.-l \U' I Hi i. »n m mwr^'mw. A I 5 'h- • f feL\ ,^ ilO; mi: ,yi. . ,.J :. ■ iU: nil • 1 %n] '^ ' ' i ti .« ' : |i: i: m ': '■'tJ^^^ Ri I ^l-w* \ : ') r 160 ne I [land Timor defer the d. An, 1699 ty high and rocky, yet woody Ifland, about half j ^^V"^ mile fromi tlie low l^oint •, which lOand hath a Led^e of corally Rocks running from it all along to the other fmall Ifland, only kaving one Channel be- tween them. Many of thcfe Rocks are to befeen at Low-Water, and diere feldom is Water enoiiali for a Boat to go over them till quarter Flood or more. Within this Ledge there is two or three Fa- thom Water, and without it no lefs than ten or twelve Fathom cloie to the Rocks. A League without this laft Rocky Ifland, is another fmall low fandy Ifland, about four Miles from the low Point, three Leagues from the Dutb-¥ort Concordia^ and three Leagues and a half from the South- Weft-point of the Bay. Ships that come in this way, muftpalj between this low Ifle and the low Point, keeping near the Ifle. In this Bay there is any depth of Water fromthif' ry to three F'athom, very good oazy holding Ground. Hiis affords the befl: Shelter againfl: all Winds of any place about the Ifland Timor. But from Mum to Oacber, while either the Southerly Winds or on- ly Land and Sea-breezes hold, the Concordia Side is befl: to ride in ; but when the more violent Nor- therly Winds come, then the beft riding is between the two rocky Iflands in nineteen or twenty Fathom. If you bring the Wefl:ermoft Ifland to bear South- ' Wefl: by Wefl: about a League difl:ance, and the low Point Wefl: by South -, then the Body of the Tandy Ifland will bear South- Wefl: half Wefl:, diilancc two Leagues ; and the Ledges of Rocks Hiootmg from each, make fuch a Bar, that no Sea can come in. Then you have the Land from Wefl; by Soutii to Eafl:-North-Eafl:, to defend you on that Side; And other Winds do not here blow violently. Biit if they did, yet you are fo Land-lock'd, that there can be no Sea to hurt you. This Anchoring phce h call'd Babao, about five Leagues from Concor^'^i ^ The I n. The IJland Timor defer ibed. i &^ 7/7^;;i!^ Tiinor defcribed. An. 1699 ing from the Mountains, with a curious Valley j, ^V^- each fide : The flindy Bay runs from one Valley to the other. You may fail into this Bay, and aiichot a little to the Eaftward of the Point in twenty Ij. thorn Wiiter, half a Mile from the Shore, I'o^ Gaze. I'hcn you will be about two Leagues tW ^9 the Welt -point of the Bay, and about eight League from the fmall Ifland before mentioned, which yoi can lee j>*/ctty plain bearing Eaft-North-Eaft a little' Northwardly. Some other Marks are fetdownij the forea.oing Chapter. In this fandy Bay you wl] find frelh Water in two or three places. At Spring tides you will fee many Riplings, like Sholes;b'ji| they are only Eddies caufed by the two Points the Bay. We faw Smoaks all Day up in the Mountau,,,, and tires by Night, at certain places, where w; fuppofed the Natives lived, but faw none c them. The Tides ran between the two Points of the Bay, very ftrong and uncertain : Yet it did not rile an fall above nine Foot upon a Spring-tide: But made great Riplings and a roaring Noile *, whirlii^ about like Whirlpools. We had conihntly eddi Tides under the Shore, made by the Points on eai fide of the Bay. When you go hence to the Eaftward, you m\ pafs between the fmall Ifland, and Timor \ am when you are five or fix Leagues to the Eaftwar of the fmall Ifland, you will fee a large Valley ) the Eaftward of you ; then running a little furtliffi you may fee Houfes on the Bay : You may luit it but anchor not till you go about the next Poio Thjn you will fee more Houfes, where you mayr into twenty or thirty Fathom, and anchor rigiit gainft the Houfes, ncareft the Weft-end of tlie j'l This place is called La^hao, It is a PorWf^ hi Sctiltl 1.' ■It: %' ) H| h ■ '■fl'-^ 5 ! > J i, , ^^ ; ! ; ! 1 ■ : ' . i : ■ 1 , i' , ■ ': ,., , ' ' '' ^ ■ nil' f MM ' i' . ) h- > m «. ^'7. ^ I » ■•« h ■,^ ' ^; <>' ■' w «.k.....d:.M» l^-*,<,t ( > . .^ <\ V »-v a v.". '*.'<- ,.)'..\'V. »■• 1 ■ ' 1. I .^ i:' I- 1 1 ' *' . . f ,' ' V I ,1 ■ J, ' t, : r' } 'k ^j^^'Xl • Tj*nojr and ctfur I/UnJ^ l>€*u^*n vc an J, IN Guinea :y« t ao F^^ XapK '^<. i^"* Thtu Sh4U^ tfu 3^ li^ :Rirtr of Timor Hift c I ' ■#■■ • J^JT ^V J'/^wj /Atfi*^ t^s J/^. Otnta JH^. t/1r ^Z J J£. h £ J£ hS jr. Thtu Jh^u^ t^^.Terrx A-lta, J I W. i-14' Th*n a. Ittde, Id. Jheu^ TL ji £umma JM. to^ ^'7 ThujJh4U^2.afJ 3atUyJit.J).tiZ. fftr'8 Jitft. toX. WJ-VJ\ ^'10 whs. Laphao in Timo*s a Portuguczc Settlement. i5j !tt!ement, about fixtcen Leagues from the Water- -rf». 1699. ig-bay. ^^V^s^. There are in it about forty or fifty Houfes, and jne Church. The Houfes are mean and low, the /alls generally made of Mud or watled, and their Sides made up with Boards : They are all thatch'd mh Palm or Palmeto-Leaves. The Church alfo very Imali : The Eaft-end of it is boarded up to jtJie Top ', but the Sides and the Weft-end are only Doarded three or four foot high ; the reft is all o- m\: There is a fmall Altar in it, with two Steps JO go up to it, and an Image or two ; but all very lean. 'Tis alfo thatch'd with Palm or Palmeto- .eaves. Each Houfe has a Yard belonging to it, enced about with wild Canes nine or ten Foot ligh. There is a Well in each Yard, and a little lucket with a String to it to draw Water withal. ^here is a Trunk of a Tree made hollow, placed each Well, to keep the Earth from falling in. tound the Yards there are many Fruit-trees plant- ed ; as Coco-nuts, Tamarins and Toddy-trees. They have a fmall Hovel by the Sea-fide, where kre are fix fmall old Iron Guns ftanding on a de- lyed Platform, in rotten Carriages. I'heir Vents ire fo big, that when they are .fired, the ftrength of le Powder flying out there, they give but a fmall leport, like that of a Musket. This is their purt of Guard ; and here were a few armed-men (fatching all the time we lay here. The Inhabitants of the Town, are chiefly a fort V kdians^ of a Copper-colour, with black lank lair : They fpeak Portuguezc, and are of die Ro- Vfi Religion -, but they take the Liberty to eat flefh when they pleafe. They value themfelves on lie account of their Religion and defcent from the y.j^ueze i and would be very angry, if a Man ioiild fay they are not Portugueze : Yet I faw but P'e Wliire Men here, two of which were Padres, M z There 'I .t .': ^U ;i ■I .1 ( I ■i , ' 1,1!'' ; I , ■ i ' n I i t'l. f: ' !■■ J :it!:.^. !■ F ■I'/ t ■ ;> J m ' . -iti. . 1 4: si' if.'-'; ~ -' '- I \ )w' '■■■ ?.i \ 1 64 Laphao /;; Timor, ^ Portuguezc Settlemnt. Jn. iCqo. X here arc alfo a few Cbuiefc living here. It is a place ^■'^'"'^^''^ ol" pretty good Trade ;ind Strength, the bctt on thislllind, Por/a-NoVii excepted. They have three 0/ four fniall Barks belonging to tlie place •, ul which t!icy trade chielly about the Ifland with the Natives, for Wax, Gokl, and Sandall-wood. Sometimes they go to Batavia, and fetch Euroii. ^z,7 Commodities, Rice, i^i. I'he Chmcfc trade hither from Macao \ and I was I informed that about twenty Sail of fmali Vefleis come from thence hither every Yeai*. They bring coarfe Rice, adulterated Gold, Tea, Iron, and] Iron-tools, Forcellane, Silks, i^c. They take in exchange pure Gold, as 'tis gathered in the Moun- tains. Bees-wax, Sandall-wood , Slaves, li(\ Sometimes alfo here comes a Ship from Goa, Ships that trade here, begin to come hither the latter-end | of March \ and none flay here longer than the lat- ter-end of Augujl. For Ihould they be here wliilel the North- North- Weft Monfoon blows, no Cables nor Anchors would hold them *, but they would l)e| driven afliore and da(h*d in pieces prefently. But from March till September^ while the South-South' lad Monfoon blows. Ships ride here very ikure; For then, though the Wind often blows hard, yn| 'tis oft" Shore •, fo that there is very fmooth Water, and no fear of being driven afhore •, And yctevenl then they moor with three Cables ; two towards the Land, Faftward and Weftward •, and the third right | oil to Seaward. As this is the fecond place of Traffick, fo 'tisi Strength the fecond place the PorUigueze havel here, though not capable of refifting a hundred Men : For the Pirates that were at the Butch Fort, came hither alfo \ and after they had fill'd tli^'l Water, and cut Fire-wood, and refrefh'd them- fclvcs, they plunder'd the Houfcs, fet them on^^', and went away. Yet I was told, that the P'''* ''"I % 'n, Laphno /« Timor, aVottu^uczz Sttt/cfTjent. i6$ ouczean draw together five or fix hundred Men in -^"^ »(^9"/ twenty four Hours time, all armed with Hand- Guns, Swords and Piftols -, but Powder and Bul- lets are fcarce and dear. The chief Perfon they have on the Ifland, is named Antonio Ilemiquez •, They call him ufually by the Title of Captain Mors or Miiinr. They fay he is a white Man, and that I he was fent hither by the Vice-Roy of Goa. I did not Tee him •, for he lives, as I was informed, a great way from hence, at a place call'd Porta Nova^ which is at the Eaft-cnd of the Ifland, and by re- I port is a good Harbour ; but they fay, that this Captain More goes frequently to Wars in Com- pany with the Indians that are his Neighbours and Frienf's, againft other Indians that are their Enemies. 'Tiicnext Man to him is Alexis Mendofa \ he is a I Lieutenant, and lives fix or fcven Miles from hence, and rules this part of the Country. He is a little iMan of tlic Judian-Kiice, Copper-coloured, with i black lank Hair. He fpeaks both the Indian and Poriuiucze Languages ; is a Roman Catholick, and ;feems to be a civil brisk Man. Tliere is another ! Lieutenant at Laphao -, who is alfo an Indian ; fpeaks [both his own and the Portugueze Language very well-, is old and infirm, but was very courteous to Ime. They boaft very much of their Strength here, [andlay they are able at any time to drive the Dutch away from the Ifland, had they Pcrmiflion from the [King of PortugalXo to do. But though they boall [thus of their Strength, yet really they are very weak ; [for they have but a few fmall Aims, and but little powder: They have no Fort, nor Magazine of [Ar'Tis \ nor does the Vice-Roy of Goa fend them [any now : For though they pretend to be under the [King of Portugal^ they are a fort of lawlcfs [People, and are under no Government. It was not [long fincc die Vice-Roy of Goa fent a Ship hither, M 3 and 'v^^"^ 'i^ I U\\ ^i '. < \ \ ■ • ii "Hi I ' 'I i 1^ r' ':i. M 1 t'i' > riM hi !-!'!( 5 „ ii , f /■^'tLl. fl ! \ ** >) ■ , t « •if wm 1 66 Laphao in Timor, a Portugiiczc Settlemeni '^M. 1699. and a Land-Officer to remain here: But Captain ^OT^ More put him in Irons, and fent him aboard tic Ship again ; telling the Commander, that he had no occafion for any Officers*, and that he could niik' better Officers here, than any that could be Cent him from Goa : And I know not whether there has been any other Ship fenr from Goa fincc : So that they have no Supplies from thence : Yet lluy need not w;int Arms and Ammunition, feeing they tnide to Batnvia, However, they have Swords and Lances as other Indians have •, and tho' they arc amhitioiis to be call'd rortu^nrz<\ and value thcmfclvcs on their Religion, yet mofl of the Men and all ihcWo. men that live here, are hulians \ and there are very few right PorlKguezc in any part of the Iflani However of thofe that call themfelves Portu^ji:Z\ I was told there are fom.e thoufands ; ami 1 think their Strength confifls more in their Numbers thin in good Arms or Difciplinc. 1 he l,and from luMice trends away Eaft by Nordi about 14 Leagues, making many Points and lanily Bays, where Vcficls may Anchor. iourteen Leagues Laid from Lafbao, there is 1 fmall Harbour called Cicmle by the Puriiti;^:u\ z.nd commended by them for an excellent Port; but it is very iiriall, has a narrow Fntiance, r.ndiics open to Northerly Winds : Thougii inelced there are two Ledges of Rocks, one fhooting out horn the Wed Point, and the other from the Haft Point, which break o't tlic 5>ea ; for tlie Rocks arc dry it low Water. This Place is about 60 Leagues horn the Souh- wcll-e|id of the Illand. The whole of t!iis Ifland Timor, is a very uneven rough Counriy, iull of Mills and fmall Valkys. In rhe Middle of it there runs a Chain of high Main- tains, alinuii from one end ro the other. It is 'fi- diherently well watered (even in tiie dry times) wiw iaiall bryuks and Springs, but no great Kivcrsi '■>, lenient. Rt/^^ I/Iandlimor defcriyd. The Cana-Fiftula Tree, 1 67 ihelfland being but narrow, and fuch a Chain of-^^- »f'99; fountains in the middle, that no Water can run far \ ^*^^)r^ )ut, as the Springs break out on one fide or other )f che Hills, they make their ncarell Courfe to the Sea. In the wet Seafon, the Valleys and low L.ands 5y ihe Sea arc overflown with Water ; and then the fmall Drills that run into the Sea, are great Rivers ; ind the Gulleys, which are dry for 3 or 4 Months be- fore, now difcharge an impetuous Torrent. The low Land by the Sea-fide, is for the mod part fria- ble, loofc, fandy Soil i yet indifferently fertile and cloathcd with Woods. The Mountains are chcc- juered with Woods, and fome Spots of Savan- nahs: Some of the Hills are wholly covered with ill, flourifliing Trees •, others but thinly •, and ^hefcfew Trees that are on them, look very fmall, Killy and withered -, and the Spots of Savannahs imong them, appear rocky and barren. Many of ibe Mountains are rich in Gold, Copper, or both : The Rains wafh the Gold out of the Mountains, rhich the Natives pick up in the adjacent Brooks, »s the Spaniards do in A?ncrica : How they get the "Copper, I know not. The Trees that grow naturally here, are of divers Sort? J many of them wholly unknown to me •, but fuch as I have feen in America or other places, and jrow here likewife, are thefe, viz. Mangrove, i^hite, red and black i Maho, Calabafli, leveral Sorts of the Palm-kind : The Cotton-trees are not Jarge, but tougher than thofe in America : Here irealfo Locuft-trees of 2 or 3 Sorts, bearing Fruit, ^bu' not like thofe I have formerly fcen i thefe bear I'lfge white Blofifom, and yield much Fruit, but it is not fweet. Cana-fittu la-trees, are very common here; the l^ree is about the Bignefs of our ordinary Apple- 'recs i their Branches not thick, nor full of Leaves, ■ iide and the before-mentioned, bloflbm in OMer M 4 and »: I'll f'l I. 'I Mil ill , ■I'll: \\ I- r 1* ■\ > I; I ,f T' ♦ ! I \%: \. ,\\ I \ \6% Cana-Fiftul.1 Tree. IVild Fig-trees. 'An, 1699. and Nnvmh-r-y the Bloflbrn*! arc much like our Ap. ^►''V'^ ple-Trec BlolToms, antl about that Bigncls : At firft they arc rrd •, but before they fall oh, when fpiMj abroad, they arc white •, fo that thcfe Trees in ttieir Scafon appear extraordinarily pleafant, and yidd a very fragrant Smell. When the Fru"t is ripe, it is round, and about the Bignefs of a Man's Thumb i of a dark brown Colour, inclining to red, anda- bout 2 Foot or 2 loot and half long. We found many of them under the Trees, but they li.id no Pulp in them. The Partitions in the Middle, art much at the fame Dillance with thofc brought to England^ of the fame Subllancc, and fuch fnicillflj: Seed in them : But whether they be the true C w- filula or no, I cannot tell, becaufe I found no blad Pulp in them. The Cahi'jafJ.n's here arc very prickly : Tlic Tries grow tall and tapering •, whereas in the IVtjl-Irh tliey are low and fpread much abroad. Here are alfo wild 'Tainarincl-tVQts^ not fo large as the true \ thouj^h much refembling them both in the Bark and Leaf. Wild Fig-trees here are many, but not rolargcis thofe in /Laa-'ica. The Fruit grows, not on tli.c Branches fingly, like thofe in ylmerica, but in Strings and Cluilers, .^o or 50 in a ciufter, about theBu-^d dy and great Brandies of the Tree, from th: viry Root up to the Top. Thefc Figs are ahont the Bignefs of a Crab- Apple, of a greenifh Colour, and full of fmall white Sctils ; they fmell pretty wel!, byt have no Juice or Talle •, tiicy are ripe in Noirirkr. Flere likewife grows Saridal-woodj and inany more Sorts of Tict's fit for any Ufes. Tlr.' tilidl a'.Tiong them, rcfemble our Pines; they arc llriight and clear-bodied, but not very thick; t!ie Inlnl: is reddifh near the Fleart, and liard and poiKUTOu?. Of the Palm-kind there arc 3 or 4 Sorts ; tv.ooi which Kinds I luve not fecn any where bur k'^- "Both ^orts a hul Trunks rciiic, and : ,uiches ai tlu'.r Fruit v.is of an c Vvxk\ Ff 'Tw.is almo empty Spaci ruts have. The Fruit U jy mentioncc w,h very ye full of fmail I the Tree, w The other I the Body gi all Trees ot great many "Head of the the Bignefs lonor •, each ny iinull toi fo many Re as a large P ch of Fruit, fproutcd ou the Ground one Bignefs but from the to the Top, leg, cndin ab'.iiit the T liKc a dead Befides Fi reight-bod as like Pii k Illand b) ; I,, Valm-Trees, 169 both Sorts arc very large, ami tall. The fir ft Sort ^n. 1699. Iiul Trunks of abouc 7 or eight Foot in C'ircumfe- *^^VNJ rcn(r, and about So or 90 Foot high. 'I'hclf hud Vinchcs at the Top like Coco-nut-Trccr., and fcr Fruit like Coco-nuts, but fmalltT- The NuC |v,i!; of an oval Form, and about liic Bigncfs of a |J)i!ci^'s Fgg : The Shfil black and very hard. |»T\v.is almoli: full of Kernel, having only a finall empty Space in the Mickllc, but no Water as Coco- Inuts have. The Kernel is too hard to be eaten. iThe Fruit fomcwhat refenibles that in UyazH former- lly mentioned. The Husk or Outfide of the F>uit, Iwas very yellow, foft and pulpy, when ripe \ and tfull of fmail Fibres ; and when it fell down from ^thcTree, would mafli and frnell unlavoury. The other Sort was as big and tall as the former ; -the Body growing Itreight up without l.imbs, a3 all Trees of the Falm-kind do : But inflead of a igrcat many long green Branches growing from the fHead of the Tree, thefe had fiiort Branches abouc le Bigncfs of a Man's Arm, and about a Foot llong •, each of which fpread it felf into a great ma- Iny finall tough Twigs, that hung full of Fruit like f fo many Ropes of Onions. The Fruit was as big Mas a large Plumb-, and every Tree had feveral Bufti- |cls of Fruit. The Branches that bore this Fruit, ffproiitcd out at about 50 or 60 Foot heighth from ^thc Ground. The Trunk of the Tree was all of )ne Bigncfs, from the Ground to that Heighth \ Ibiic from thence it went tapering fmaller and fmaller |to the Top, where it was no bigger that a Man's ;Leg, ending in a Stump : And there was no Green labout the Tree, but the Fruit i fo that it appeared )iKe a dead Trunk. Befides Fruit- Trees, here were many Sorts of tall Ireight-bodicd Timber-Trees ; one Sort of which, N'as like Pine. Thefe grow plentifully all round pe Illand by the Sea-fide, but not fir within Land. 'Tis f' f T '*!' i' i '4 . I I' i- '1 \. ' .f t » 170 TH^e Fruits in Timor. Its Animals. Fo'j.'k 'Jn. i699»Tis hard Wood, of a reddifh Colour, and very ^^^^r\J ponderous. The Fruits of this Ifiiand, are Guavoes^ Manm *Jaca^s^ Coco-niits, Plantains ^ Bonanoes, Pinc-Apfk Citrons^ Po?ncgranaies, Oranges, Lemons^ Linn Musk-MeloHs, IVater- Melons y Pumpkins, &c. M.!- ny of thefe have been brought hither by the duuo and Portugueze -, and moft of them are ripe in i>;. tember and O^ober. There were many other excel- lent Fruits, but not now in Seafon j as 1 was in- form'd both by Dutch and Portugueze. Here I met with an Herb, which in the Weji-h dies we call Calalatoo. It grows wild here. I eat of it feveral Times, and found it as pleafant and whole- fome as Spinage. Here are alfo Purfly, Sampler, &c. Indian Corn thrives very well here, and is the common Food of the Iflanders ; though the ?orih gueze and their Friends low fome Rice, but not halt enough for their Subfiftence. The Land-Animals are Buffaloes, Beeves, Hor- fes. Hogs, Goats, Sheep, Monkeys, Guanoes, Lizards, Snakes, Scorpions, Centumpees, ^ Befide the tame Hogs and Buffaloes, there are ma- ny wild all over the Country, which any may free- ly kill. As for the Beeves, Horfes, Goats and Sheep, it is probable they were brought in by the Portugueze or Dutch ; efpecially the Beeves ; lor I faw none but at the Dutch Fort Concordia. We alfo faw Monkeys, and fome Snakes. One Sort yellow, and as big as a Man*s Arm, and about 4 Foot long : Another Sort no bigger than the Stem of a Tobacco-pipe, about 5 Foot long, green all over his Body, and with a flat red Mad as big as a Man's Thumb. The Fowls arc wild Cocks and Ilvris, Eigies, Hawks, Crows, 2 Sorts of Pidacons, 'I'urtlc-doves, 3 or 4 Sorts of Parrots, Parrakites, Cockators, Black-birds j bcfidcs a Multitude ot fiualk'r Bir^l^ Ui ^' The Ringing Bird. Fifh. 171 bf divers Colours, whofe charming Mufick makes ^». 1699^ le Woods very pleafant. One Sort of thefe pret- ^>'V\i little Birds my Men call'd the Ringing-bird ; be- laufe it had 6 Notes, and always repeated all his Jotes twice one after another -, beginning high and 1, and ending low. This Bird was about the jignefs of a Lark, having a fmall fharp black Bill id blue Wings •, the Head and Breaft were of a ialered, and there was a blue Streak about its Neck. lere are alfo Sea or Water-Fowls, as Men of War- Jirds, Boobies, Fifliing-hawks, Herons, Goldens, jab-catchers. &c. The tame Fowl are Cocks, kns, Ducks, Geefe ; the 2 laft Sorts I only faw it the Dutch Fort •, of the other Sort there are not lany but among the Portugueze : The Woods a- bound with Bees, which make much Honey and The Sea is very well flock'd with Fifli of divers ijorts, viz. Mullets, Bafs, Breames, Snooks, A4ac- (arel, Parracoots, Gar-fifli, Ten-pounders, Scut- Je-fifli, String-rays, Whip-rays, Rafperages, ^ockle-niercl,ants, or Oyfler-crackers, Cavallies, Conger-Eels, Rock-fifh, Dog-fifli, &c. The lays are fo plentiful, that I never drew the Sain but I catch'd fome of them *, which we faked and diycd. I caught one whofe Tail was 13 Foot long. •The Cockle-Menkants are fliaped like Cavallies, and aboiir their Bignefs. They feed on Shell-fifh, ha- virg 2 very hard, thick, flat Bones in their Throat, vitii which they break in Pieces the Shells of the iTiih they fwallow. We always find a great many SliJls in their Maws, crullied in Pieces. The Shell- ;li:n, are Oyllers of 3 Sorts, viz. Long-Oy Iters, i Common Oyilcrs, growing upon Rocks in great ■Abundance, and very flat ; and another Sort of llarge Oyllers, fat and crooked ; the Shell of this, Inot eafily to be diftinguifhed from a Stone. Three p tour of thefe roafted, will fuHice a Man for one Meal PX M ijjl .1. I: ^^ 4- i 1 \ ' \ "'. ';j I ' I r I , m ; 1 ♦< P '■ i m. ! . iiJ ^ '!•' .1,1 -''#'1!'; y ni-x J ".■ ^,'\ ■H ' \ ,: I. i' 172 The Inhabitants in Timor. tBt ■' ■1*1' \ ' ;t. '■■* '%'y^ An. i699-MeaI. Cockles, as big as a Man's Head \ ofwhicli v^v'w 2 or 3 are enough for a Meal ; they are very fat and fweet. Craw-filh, Shrimps, ^c. Here are alio mnny green Turtle, fome Alligators and Grani pifces, 6fr. The Original Natives of this Ifland, are Inhn, Aey are of a middle Stature, ftreight-bodied, tlen- der-limb'd, long-vifag'd •, their Hair bKick and lank i their Skins very fwarthy. They are very dex- trous and nimble, but withal lazy in the highetV Degree. They are faid to be dull in every Thing but Treachery and Barbarity. Their Houfes are but low and mean, their Cloathing only a fmall Cloath about their Middle*, but fome of them for Ornament have Frontlets of Mother of Pearl or thin Pieces of Silver or Gold, made of an ovil Form, of the Breadtli of a Crown-piece, curioufiy notched round the Edges \ Five of thefe plad one by another a little above the Eye-brows, ma- king a fufficient Guard and Ornament for their F'ore-head. They are fo thin, and placed on their Fore-heads fo artificially, that they fecm riveted thereon : And indeed the Pearl-0)ller-fhdls make a more fplendid Show, than either Silver or Gold Others of them have Palmeto-caps made in divers Forms. i\s to their Marriages, they take as many Wives as they can maintain \ and fometimes they fell their Children to purchafe more Wives. I enquir'd a- bout their Religion, and was told they had none. Their common Subfiflience is by InH'ian Corn, which every Man plants for himfelf They take but little Pains to clear their Land ; for in "he dry Time they fcr Fire to the withered Grafs andSiirubs, and that burns them out a Plantation for the next wet Seafon. What other Grain they have, bctiuv' Indian Corn, I know not. Their Plantation, are very mean i for thev delight moi\. in hunting > and here I >^" The Inhabitants i« Timor. 171 Ere are wild Bufi'alocs and Hogs enough, though -^w. ^^99* Irery ^y^ btcaufe of their fo frequent hunting. ^ They have a few Boats and fome Fiihermen. ;heir Arms are Lances, thick round fliort puncheons and Targets ^ with theie they hunt and .dll their Game, and their Enemies too ; for this ifland is now divided into many Kingdoms, and all if different Languages •, though in their Cuftoms [and Manner of Hving, as well as Shape and Colour, they feem to be of one Stock. The chiefeft Kingdoms are Cupang, Amabie, Lor- hriUe, Pobimbie^ Namquimal ; the Ifland alfo of A- ymahao or Anabao^ is a Kingdom. Each of thefe [hadi a Sultan who is fupreme in his Province ani [Kingdom, and hath under him feveraKiR^j^'i and [other inftriour Officers. I'he Sultans for die moft [Part are Enemies to each other; which Enmities [are fomented and kept up by the Dutch, whofeFort land Fadory is in the Kingdom of Cupang ; and ilhercforc the Bay near which they are fettled, is icomrrionly called Ciipang-Bay, They have only [as much Ground as they can keep within Reach of (their Guns ; yet this whole Kinc^dom is at Peace [widi them y and they freely trade together ; as alfo widi the lllatiders on Ariahao^ who are in Amity as Will with the Natives of Cupang^ as with the Dutch refidiiig there •, but they are implacable Enemies to jthofe of Amabie^ who are their next Neighbours, andinAm'ty with the For tugueze : as are alfo the Kingdoms of Pohuf?ibie, Na??tquimal and Lortribie, It is very probable, that thefe 2 European Settle- nicnis on ihis Ifland, are the greateft Occafion of their continued Wars. The Portugueze vaunt high- ly of their Strength here, and that they are able ar picafure to rout the Dutch^ if they had Authority foto do trom the King of Portugal •, and they have [Written to the Vicc-roy of Goa about it : And though >t!ieir Rcqucft is not yet granted, yet (as they fay) they 111 h m 1 * > • 4 *i ■|\ U'i:: ': l' M'r:.4\ Jhn\ \ ■■1} V !i; W j 1 I 174 T/je Lihabitants in Timor. An.^^ they live in Expedtation of it. Thefc have ngi Forts, but depend on theie Alliance with iheNaJ lives: And indeed they are already fo mixt, that it is hard to diftinguilh whether they are Portuiuix^^A Indians. Their Language is Portugucze -, and tlie Religion they have, is RoinJfi. They feem iJ Words to acknowledge the King of Portugal for their Sovereign*, yet they will not accept of any' Officers fcnt by him. They fpeak indifferently the I Malayan and their own native Languages, as well! as Portugv.cze *, and the chiefell Officers that I faw, were of this Sort; neither did I fee above 3 or( white Men among them -, and of thefe, 2 were I Priefts. Of this mixt Breed there are fomc thou- fands ; of whom fome have fmali Arms of their I own, and know how to ufe them. The chiefell Perfon (as I before faidj is called Captain Men or Maior : He is a white Man, fent hither by the Vice- Roy of Goa^ and feems to have great Command here. I did not fee him ; for he feldom comes down. His Refidence is at a Place called Porta J^o- va ; which the People at Laphao told me was a great way off-, but I could not get any more parti- cular Account. Some told me that he is moil rom- monly in the Mountains, with an Army of /mwi, to guard the PafTes between them and the Cupauidy sns, efpecially in the dry Times. The next Man 10 him is JU'xis Mendcfa : He is a right Mian, fpeaks very good Porl/iguezr, and is of the Rmila Rclig-ion. He lives ^ or 6 Miles from the Sea, -ind is called the Lieutenant. fFhis is he whom I ciiru Governour, when at Lapti ;.) He commands next to Captain More, and hath under him another at this Fort ('at the Sea- fide) if it may be fo calle^i. lie alfo is called Lieutenant, and is an //(fi'i Porlugiu'ze. n . • i<: fhe Dutch Settlement in the IJland Timor.' 17 j Befides this Miingrel-Brccd of Indians and Portti-An. 1699. \mu\ here are allb fome China-Mtn^ Merchants U'^VVl, [from Maccao : They bring hither coarfe Rice, Gold, Ten, Iron-work, Porcelane, and Silk both wrought and raw : They get in Exchange pure Gold as it is here gathered, Bees-wax, Sandall-Wood, Coire, &c^ k is faid there are about 20 fmall China Veflels [come hither every Year from Maccao -, and com- monly one Vefiel a Year from Goa, which brings [European Commodities and Callicoes, Muflins, &c^ Here are likewife fome fmall Barks belonging to this Place, that trade to Balavia, and bring from thence both European and Indian Goods and Rice. The [Veflels generally come here in March, and ilay till \.iiptember. The Dutch, as I before faid, are fetled in the |Kingdom of Cupang, where they have a fmall neat Stone Fort. It feems to be pretty ftrong ; yet, as [I was informed, had been taken by a French Pirate I about 2 Years ago : The Butch were ufed very bar- [baroufly, and ever fince are very jealous of any [Strangers that come this Way *, which I my felf ex~ [perienced. Thefe depend more on their own i Strength than on the Natives their Friends j having ; good Guns, Powder, and Shot enough on all Occa- ffions, and Soldiers fufficient to manage the Bufmefs ^here, all well dilciplin'd and in good Order ; [.which is a Tiling the Poriugueze their Neighbours pre altogether detlitute of, they having no Europe- wi Soldiers, few Arms, kfs Ammunition, and their jFort confilling of no more than 6 bad Guns plant- led againft the Sea, v/hofe Touch-holes (as was be- fore obferved; are To enlarged by Time, that a great part ot the Strength of the Powder fiies away there ♦, and having Soldiers in pay, the Natives on all Oc- Icalions are hired ; and their Government now is fo poole, that they will admit of no more Officers from l^^''t:i^i or Gca. They have alfo little or no Supp'y of •v-^-'s-^;'^ . i'\ I ' 1 1 ^ i ^ 1 i! / ', 1 ■ «■ i i ■■■ '1" 'i ^ ' 1 'I'l' i ■ if ' I '■ W:\ i ! „1i( 'I ■ II 1 I 1; n' '!< I ;r ''1 . 1 !■'.:» }::Um - Ir I*' ' ' ■li ' i * 1 \u I ^ I ' f' 'S'^ «:;i-. 1' ■t 1 ( I t':\\ ■ !:'„!' it \'^ 176 The Dutch Settlement in the IJland Timor. An. 1699 of Arms or Ammunition from thence, but buy it as often as they can, of the Dutch, Chincfc^ t\'c. So that upon the whole it feems improbable thitl they fliould ever attempt to drive out the 7)//,vl) for fear of loofing themfelves, notwithftandinol their boafted Prowcls and AUiance with the Natives' And indeed, as far as I could learns they have By. finefs enough to keep their own profent Territories from the Incurfions of the Cupanga^mis -, who are Friends to the Butch^ and whom doubtlefs the diiuh] have ways enough to preferve in their Fricndlliip; befides that they have an inveterate Malice to their | Neighbours, infomuch that they kill all they meet, and bring away their Heads in Triumph. The I great Men of Cupang ftick the Heads of thofe they have killed, on Poles i and fet them on the Tl'opsof their Houfes ; and thefe they efteem above all their other Riches. The inferiour Sort bring the Heads of thofe they kill, into Houfes made ii>T that Purpole ; of which there was one at the tndian Village near the Fort Concordia, almoft full of Heads, as I was told. I know not what Encou- lagement they have for their Inhumanity. The Dutch have always 2 Sloops belonging to I thdr Fort -, in thefe they go about the Ifland, and tx'-ade with the Natives; and, as far as I could learn, they trade indifferently with them all. Fori though the Inland People are at war with each o- ther, yet thofe by the Sea-fide feem to be little con- 1 corned J and, generally fpeaking the Malayin\.i^-\ guage, are very fociable and eafily induced to trade v.'ith thofe that fpeak that Language ; which the Dutch here always learn ; Befides, being wclUc- quainred with the Treachery of thefe People, they ^^o well arm'd among them, and are very vigilanu litver to give them an Opportunity to hurt them; and it is very probable that they fupply thein viihj luch Goods, as tl;e Prrtw^neze cannot. The llllii^: .ill Lorantuca. 177 The Malayan Language, as I have before fliid, is-^^- ^(^99'. Knerally fpoken amonglt all the Illands hereabouts. •'^^VNj 'he greater the Trade is, the more this Language fpoken : In fome it is become their only Lan- guage •, in others it is but little fpoken, and that py trie Sea-fide only. With this Language the Ma- \oinHan Religion did fpread it felf, and was got hi- kr before any European Chriltians came : But now, lOUgh the Language is ftill ufed, the Mahometan leligion falls, where-ever the Portugueze or Dutch ire fettled •, unlefs they be very weak, as at Solor ind ^nde^ where the chief Language is Malayan^ Ind the Religion Mahometanifm •, though tlic Dutch (re fettled a: Solor^ and the Portugueze at the Eaft- ad of the Ifland Ende^ at a Place called Lorantuca ; diich, as I was informed, is a large Town, hath a [retty rtrong Fort and fafe Harbour. The chief m there (u,s at Timor) is called Captain More^ and as ablblute as the other. Thefe 2 principal Men re Enemies to each other -, and by tlieir Letters and leOiigcs to Goa^ inveigh bitterly againil each other ; ad ate ready to do all the ill Offices they can ; yet ^either of them much regards the Vice-Roy of Goa^ I was infer m'd. I' Ora^-uca is faid to be more populous then ny T'- Ain on 'Timor ; the Ifland Ende liHbrding great- I'lenty of all manner of Fruit, and being much Etter fupplied with all Neceflaries, than La;ihao ; fpecially with Sheep, Goats, Hogs, Poultry, i^c, iut it is very dangerous getting into this Harbour, ecaul'e of the violent Tides, between the Iflands p: ':' and Sokr, In the middle Channel between i i- w ;md the Ranse of lilands to the Northwvird of J O [, v/hcreof £/7i7t^ and Solor are 2, tliere runs a con- h\[ Current all the Year to the Wefhvard *, though [ear either Shore there are Tides indeed ; but the fide of Flood, which fets Weic, running 8 or 9 lours, and the Ebb no: exceeding 3 or 4 Hours, Ui III N the I) 1, 1* . !;;■ i 1 .:f '- ' .^' ^ t 1 ^. IMm i .> >. .1 . i- .! V )'. ^1 n 1 7 8 ne [Feather and Seafans in Timor. An. 1699.1110 Tide in fome Places rifcth 9 or 10 Footonj W^' Spring. The Seafons of the Year here at Tnnor^ are muci the hi me as in other Places in South Latitude. The fair Weather begins in April or Ma-j^ and continues to O^lober, then the Tornadoes begin to come, hut no violent bad Weather till the Middle oi' Dfcmkr, Then there are violent Weft or North- Weft Winds, with Rain, till towards the Middle of Frhnrnx In May the Southerly Winds let in, and blow very ftrong on the North-fide of the Ifland, but fair, There is great Difference of Winds on the 2 Sides of the Ifland : For the Southerly Winds are bat very faint on the South-fide.^ and very hard on tiie North-fide *, and the bad Weather on the South-fidc comes in very violent in OuJober^ which o!i tlie North- fide comes not till December. You have very good Sea and Land-breezes, when the Weather is fair ; and may run indifferently to the Eaft or "Well, as your Bufinefs lies. We found from Septmhna December the Winds veering all round the Cornpafs gradually in 24 Hours Time •, but fuch a conftant Weftern Current, that it's much harder gettingto the Eaft than Weft at or near Spring Tides : Whit I have more than once made Try al off. Forwei§l ing from Babao at 6 a Clock in the Morning on tlitj 1 2th Inftant, we kept plying under the Shore til the 20th, meeting with fuch a V/eftern Current, that we gain'd very little. We had Land and Sea- breezes ; but fo faint, that we could hardly fteoij the Current ; and when it was calm between li Breezes, we drove a-Stern fafter than ever wc lail' cd a-Head, W' CHAP Departure from Timor. i^(2^S^®^^ ^^m m 179 .An. 1609. CHAP. m. [Itfurmtfrom Timor. Tht I/lands Omba and Fetter; A turn- iai llland. Their m'tftng tht Turtlc-Iflcs. Bande-y/7*i. Bird- lUtnd. Thfy defcry the Coaft of New-Guinea. Tkey anchor on the Coaft of New-Guinea. A dtfcription of the Place, and of a ftrange Fowl found there. Great quantities of Mackerel. A white Ijland. They anchor at an Jjland called by the In- habitants Pulo Sabuda. A dcfcription of it, and its Inhabi' tants, and Product. The Indians manner of Fifhing there. Arrivil at Mabo, the North-l^eft Cape of New-Guinea. A Vefctifition cf it. Cockle- I/land. Cockles of Jeventyeight found Weight. ViA^^on- Jjland. The Winds hereabouts, An mf'tyCockh-lhell weighing two hundred fifty ■eight Pound. King \Vil!i.uTi s Ifland. A Defer iption of it. Plying on the Coafl of New-Guinea. Fault of the Draughts. Providence IjUnd. Ihyrofs tie Line. A Snal^c purfued by Fifl). Squally Iflarjd, 'lUMiiin of New-Guinea. N the 1 2th of December i6qg^ we failed from Babaoy coafting along the Ifland 'Timor to the iaftward, towards New Guinea. It was the 20th eiore wc got as far as Lapbao., which is but forty -eagues. We faw black Clouds in the North- Wefl, [ndexpeded the Wind from that O irter above a lonth fooner. That Afternoon we faw the opening between the m^^Omha and Fetter., but feared to pafs througji the Night. At two a Clock in the Morning, ic ^1 calm i and continued fo till Noon, in which Ime we drove with the Current back again South- ^ ^ft fix or fcven Leagues. On the 22d, fleering to the'Eaftward to get ^rougli between Omha and Vetter., we met a very frong Tide againft us, fo that we, although we had l^ery frelh Gale, yet made way very flowly; yet 'dorr Night, got through. By a good Obfervati- N 2 oa 'ii' r- \ '■If. ■■'■'', ■ 1? 1 ! . ! f ■ ' \ , \ ' 1 ■r,.- 1 1^' ; ' \ f I [' ■: f rrr ^r ■I x8o yl burning Iflayid. %■ An. 1699, on wc foLirul thar the South-Eaft-point of Omh\ !;- ^^^^^"^^^^ in Latitude 8 d. 25 m. In my Draughts it's laid down in S deg. 10 min. My true Courle from /JiV, is Ealc, 25 dcg. North, diftancc one hundred liH,. ty three miles. We founded fevcral times wb near 0;/.'/v, but had no ground. On the North. Tail: point of Oinha we irfN\' four or five Men, ana i little further three pretty Houfes on a low Point, but did not go afhore. Ax. Hve ih.i; Afternoon, we had a Tornado, wluii yielded much Rain, Thunder and Lightning i ye: \Tc had but little Wind. The 24th in the Mornir§ we catched a large Shark, which gav2 all the Ship Company a plentiful Meal. The 2;th we faw the burning Ifland, it lies m Latitude b dig. 36 min. South ; it is high, and but fmall. It runs from the Sea a little floapingtowadi the Top ; which is divided in the Middle into two Peaks, between which ifTucd out much Smoak;! have not feen more from any Vulcano. I faw no Trees ; but the North-fide appeared green, andtlit rcll look'd very barren. Having pafl the burning Ifland, I Hiap'd mj Courfe for two Tllands called ^'urlle J/Ies, which lyi North-Lnfl by Kail a little Eaflcrly, and diilanti' bout fifty Leagues from the burning Ifle. Ward tiie Wind mioht veer to the Eaflward of theNort!;, fleered 20 Leagues North-Eaft, then North-E ^^y Eall. On the 2Sth we faw two fmall low lOancs, cailud L.tiia-jarros^ to the North of us. At Nooi I accounted my felf 20 Leagues Ihort of tiie ^I'M i-'- . . ., Th': next Mornincf, bcincr in the Latitude or tni ^){rtU' IJJiiuds, we look'd out Iharp for them, k' fiv7 no appearancv" of any Iiland, till 11 a Clod wjien v,c faw an Ifland at a G;reat diftance. At" v.e fuppofed it iiiighc be one of the Turl!^ ■'•'' But iuw.is nor laid down true, neither in Utit ■vk .^•T The Turtle- j^^'j. V^M-lptid. 1 8 1 nor LongicuJe from the hurmH^ Ifle^ nor fro'^i tlic-^"- '^'90* JjUii-pitf'roSy which laft I took to be a great '.i^.^ /%''N^ guide me, they being hiicl down very well from tne Buniifig IJIe, and that hkewifc in true Latitude and diftance from Omha : So that I could not tell what to think of the Ifland now in fight •, we having had fair Weather, fo that we could not pafs by the I'urt/g Ijh without feeing them •, and '1 his in fight was much too far otf for them. We found Variatioii I deg. 2 min. Eaft. In the Afternoon I Ilecred North Eaft by Eafl; for the Iflands that we iiiw. At 2 a Clock I went and look'd over the Fore-yard, and faw i Iflands at much greater dillance than the liirile Iflands are laid down in my Draughts ; one of them was a very high peak'd Mountain, cleft at Top, and much like the burning Ifland that we paft by, but bigger and higher ; the other was a pretty long high Hat Ifland. Now I was certain that thefe were not the 'Turtle Iflands^ and that they could be no other than the Bande-IJIes ; yet we fleered in, to make them plainer. At 3 a Clock we difcovered another fmall flat Ifland to the North-Weft of the others, and faw a great deal of Smoak rife from the Top of the high Ifland; At 4 we faw other fmall lOands, by which I was now aflTured that thefe were •the Bande-IJlcs there. At 5 I altered my Courfe and Iteered Eaft, and at 8 Eaft-South-Eaft •, becaufe I would not be feen by the Inhabitants of thofe 1- flands in the Morning. We had little Wind all ^ight ; and in the Morning as foon as *twas Light, we faw another high peak'd Ifland : /.. t 8 it bore South-South-Eaft half Eaft, diftance 8 Leagues, And this I knew to be Bird-IJle. *Tis laid down in our Draughts in Latitude 5 deg. 9 min. South, which ij too far Southerly by 27 Miles according to ourObfervation \ And the like Error in laying down the Turtle- Iflands y might be the Occafion of our •T^'iffing them, N 3 At ■ i . 1 U ■J I 1. ^1 1 1 '>: .1 ;'i< ,' ' i'> \ t h !^' ■1: ■:■■ W ] \ 1 ■ ';i. ' r 1! « '■1 ilh:*' . r I ;i i:!.,: ii: ■!'!.\ If 1 ■ ! r ^ t •i.i • i8s yl Spout. C^ fo that it was betwixt 5 and in the H,vening, before I paft through the Ifiands •, and then jult weathered little ff^aiela^ whereas I ihougut to have been 2 or 3 Leagues more Noitherly. We fiw the day before, betwixt 2 and 3, a Spout but a fmall diftance from us. It fell down out of a black Cloud, that yielded great ftore of Rain, Thunder and Lightning : This Cloud hovered to the South- ward of us for the fpace of three Hours, and then drew to the Wellward a great pace •, at which time it was that we faw the Spout, which hung tiift to the Cloud till it broke ; and then the Cloud whirl'd about to the Souch-Kafl:, then to Eaft-North-Eail; where meeting with an Ifland, it fpent it felt and fo difperfed i and immediately we had a little of the 'fail of ir, having had none before. Afterward we faw a Smoak on the Ifland Krfnvayy which con- tinued till Night. On JScw-yars-da-j we firfl: defcribed tlie Land of Neii-Gurrica^ wliich appear- d to be high Lnnd. And the next day we fawfeveral higli Ifiands on thcCoait <){ Nev:-(jiii;ica^ and ran in wich the main Land. The Shore here lies along Eafu-South-Halt and V/ejl- North- V/el>. Ic is hiah even Land, vcrv well cioariud with tall flouiiihing lYees, ^vi;ll;l apppar'd very green, and gave us a very pli-^i!^'- .Prolpect, W< ran to the W-award of four ms- nil rhuj £l>XiJ^ ],M*£krtl Mm Thtii J ,i ! Nrw Guinea *•' nil J*i8^ thuj Jfuu'j ArtcfSm^/f Cutn«a JAitj xoJI>6X. Thuj Jfnu^ thij J/tandj ■s^^g^ T/uA J^jl (yin A /nty* Ay J^ J Jo ^ JfZ J.X. t/u S^uth 'fu^^ Vkittr \Mtckrtl Pajrt of "Nerw i, 4. 6 3 Thiii Jheu^ th^ Xanii J^/" JS of ^ tlHtrtn^ ^LlCi. u^iii J/land Thus Jluufj tht. JflanJj 5«kuda' J> a, I, . A A • 3k ^-*- -i/^an^r t ^ , I; 1 ' i.,] 1 1 .J' ii iC I I it I I I, 1 ?H'i '.ll 1 1 ■ 1: ' f! ' ' : :... '■ I 'i * t I t 1< . i , »>' . 1 1 • I' 11' J \ .11 ' 1 •''' i' ' ' ■ ', J ., • '1;::^ f:;if'^ ': if'' r 1 1: j- ; 1 1' •; , . .' 1 1 "i s I I 1. i; ■IN,!' ■;'!".'! '!,|-- y [.I Coa tainous Ifl nado, wh Wind. A only when but off, a if in figh Clouds ho On the in with th( and fpend after the fti'ong C\ in 38 Fai had an Ifl 3 Miles di a Mile. : Eail by i And the "V diftance 2 fent the Pi could cai Yawle anc the Pinnae that they : before. C Fowl, as I aSky-colo a white Sp On the Ci thers, whi like a Pidg Dunghil-t Crop was ; big as a lai Tree whe: They fou were large no fign i'.V u ^ V -^ 111 'Ml Coajl of N. Guinea." A flrange Bird, 183 j tainous Iflands •, And in the Night had a fmall Tor- ^»' 1699: , nado, which brought with it lome Rain and a fair ^^^VN^ \ Wind. We had fair Weather for a long time ; . only when near any Land, we had fome Tornadoes i but off, at Sea, commonly clear Weather; though if in fight of Land, we ufually faw many black Clouds hovering about it. On the 5th and 6th of Januarj^ we plied to get in with the Land -, defigning to anchor, fill W^ater, ' and fpend a little time in fearching the Country, till after the change of the Moon *, For I found a ftrong Current fetting againft us. We anchored in 38 Fathom Water, good oazie Ground. We had an Ifland of a League long without us, about 3 Miles diftant -, and we rode from the Main about a Mile. The Eaftermoft Point of Land feen, bore Eail by South half South, diftance 3 Leagues : And the Weftermoft, Weft-South- Weft half South, diftance 2 Leagues. So foon as we anchor'd, wc fent the Pinnace to look for Water, and try if they could catch any Filh. Afterwards we fent the Yawle another way to fee for Water. Before Night the Pinnace brought on board feveral farts of Fruits, that they found in the Woods, fuch as I never faw before. One of my Men killed a ftately Land- Fowl, as big as the largeft Dunghil-Cock. It was of a Sivy-colour •, only in the middle of the Wings was a white Spot, about which were fome reddifh Spots : On the Crown it had a large Bunch of long Fea* thers, which appeared very pretty. His Bill was like a Pidgeons ; he had ftrong Legs and Feet, like Dunghil-Fcwls •, only the Claws were reddifh. His Crop was full of fmall B.'rries, It lays an Egg as b:g as a large Hen*s Egg •, for our Men climb*d the Tree where it nefted, and brought off one Egg. They found Water i and reported that the Trees were large, tall and very thick ; and that they faw no fign of JPeoplC: At night the Yawle came a- N 4 board, 1, 1 Ifl:!:* lit IM' \ fl hf.% ' •>h:\ i \ '.\v -iS!l El: .r(1f ■' i :i lii' I »i i i 1' !»l i^i i!^i \:u ■ji T J?4 77/^ Coaji of New- Guinea. ^ board, and brought a wooden FilTgigg, very ingj. ■ "^ lij-iiHy made •, the Matter of it was a Imall Cane; Ti iv found it by a fmall Barbecue, where they alio faw a fhatter'd Canoa. The next Morning I fent the Boatfwain afhorea fixliing, and at one Haul he catcht 352 Mackarcis, and about 20 other Fiihes ; which I caufedtobe cqiKilly divided among all my Company. I fenra!- fo rlie Gunner and chief Mate, to fearch about if thev could find convenient anchoring nearer a \Va- tfTing-placc : By night they brought word that ilicy Ihid found a fine Stream of good Water, where the Boat could come clofe to, and it was very eafie tofe fiil'd -, and that the Ship might anchor as near to it as I pleas'd ; So I v.ent thither. The next Morning therefore we anchor'd in 25 Fathom Water, loir oazic Ground, about a Mile from the River: We got on board ;^ Tan of Water that Night; and cai^ght 2 or 3 Pike-liili, in fnape much like a Par- racota, but witlia longer Snout, fomething refemb- ling a Garr, yet not fo long. The next day I fent the Boat ijgain for Water, and before night all my Casks were full. ila's-irig rr.l'd here about 15 Tuns of Wjtcr, fee- ing we could catch but little Filh, and had no other Refrenimenis, I intended to fail n?xt day ; bit iindino- that v/c wanted Wood, I fent to cut fomt; a:i:i -loinGT aihore tohaften it, at fome diilance irom .,:!l! .llic place wiierc our Men were, I found a 1 Cove, v/herc I faw two Barbecues, which appear'J r.fM to be above 2 Months Handing: The Sparrswe- (III v/irh fome ftrarp Infliument j lb tiiat, ifJont^)' the Nalives, 1: ferms that they have Iron. Oni- loth, a little i'.ttei 12 a-Clock, we weighcu 'ind iiood over to the North-fide of the Bay -, ani it 1 L-Ciock ilood out witJi the Wind at Nordi -i^^ North- North-Weft. At 4 v/e pafl out bv A YViu'e ifjand, which I fo named iron) it 1 ■•# Vol III ^Bitrt X . Vitiiip . /'ff^.^ . 184 . J^o i. This fiih Jins Utiul are hl^w on y cd^j &redinths mtddU with Uiw spirts dUaver ^'J^ily, l>utylUtfy white. . AM^i'^iih Conasr on y Const of^^w Cuinta, >> ii I Miii (if' t u 'I ■ \k y 1 1' I ; 1; I if 1 , Thu :^trh is itpnU rtd untfi Mew sptrts on j/ l^cdy tAe lonj_^a'ail :>iew in j^ midU iC white on J side . I. ■ \\< ' \ ^iwlh I* r'ii:.^ tl 1 ) I h 1 , i 1 ■ M •.; f 1 1 1 4 >.■ ■ t J, ' t w ■W:. I fiir \\ '! V mi ■ 1 \.{X% ".■' j,: ■ ■i ■ 'i ' '" '' I, !h 'r , f* ■ •'^. Inhabitants on the Coaft of New-Guinea. i s 5 ■white Cliffs, having no name in our Draughts. It An. 1699. [is about a League long, pretty high, and very -^^VNJ woody : 'Tis about 5 Miles from the Main, only at [the Weft-end it reaches within 3 Miles of it. At Ifotne diftance off at Sea, the Wefl-point appears like a Cape-land •, The North-fide trends away North-North- Weftj and the Eaft-fide Eaft-South- Eaft. This Ifland lies in Latitude 3 degrees 4 min. South ; and the Meridian Diftance from Babao., 500 and 12 Miles Eaft. After we were out to Sea, we plied to get r. ; the Northward ; but met with fuch a ftrong C-.irent againft us, that we got but little. .Forifthe Wind favoured us in the night, that we got 3 or 4 Leagues •, we loft it again, and were dri- ven as far aftern next Morning j fo that we piyed here feveral Days. The 14th, being paft a point of Land that we had been 3 Days getting about, we found little or no Current -, fo that having the Wind at North- Weft by Weft and Weft-North- Weft, we ftood to rbe Northward, and had feveral Soundings : Ac 3 a-Clock, 58 Fathom ; the neareft part of New- Guinea being about 3 Leagues diftance : At 4, 37 ; at 5, 36 ; at 6, 36 -, at 8, 33 Fathom ; Then the Cape was about 4 Leagues diftant -, fo that as we ran off, we found our Water ftiallower. We had then feme Iflands to the Weftward of us, at about four Leagues diftance. A iitrlc after noon v/e faw Smokes on the I- flands to the Weft of us ; and having a fine Gale of Wind, I fteered away for them : At 7 a-Clock in the Evening we anchored in 35 Fathom, a- bout two Leagues from an Ifland, good foft oazic Ground. We lay ftill all night, and faw Fires afiiore. In the Morning we weighed again, and ran farther in, thinking to have Ihallower Water -, but we ran within a Mile, of the Shore, and came to in 3 8 Fa- thom, good foft. holding Ground. While we were under I |:' V I': ■!;■ V>' 1 ■ ii I 1 1 \''\: ' 'iiii.i^' ;■:!"' ■:. m \'i'. ■}i, .{,! • m.\ f riiiiyi v^n I ' ;:.l':|i (ff. 1 g 6 IJlands on the Coaji of N. Guinea. '^». 1 699- under Sail, 2 Canoes came oft within call of us; t/^VN^ They fpoke to us, but wc did not underftand their Language, nor Signs. We wav'd to them to come aboard, and I calPd to them in the Malayan Lan- guage to do the fame ; but they would not ; yet they came fo nigh us, that we could fliew them fuch Things as we had to truck with them •, Yet neithei' would this entice them to come aboard ; but they made Signs for us to come afhore, and away they went. Then I went after them in my Pinnace, carrying with me Knives, Beads, Glafics, Hatcti- ers, &c. When we came near the Shore, I called to them in the A-Iaiayan Language : I faw but 2 Men at firft, the reft lying in Ambufh behind the Bulli- es •, but aifoon as I threw afliore fome Knives and other Toys, they came out, flung down their Wea- pons, and came into the Water by the Boat's Side, making Signs of Friendfhip by pouring Water on their Fleads with one Hand, which they dipt into the Sea. The next Day in the Afternoon lever:.! other Canoas came aboard, and brought many j Roots and Fruits, which we purchased. This Ifland has no Name in our Draughts, but the Natives call it Pulo Sahuda. It is about ] Leagues long, and 2 Miles wide, more or lefs. It is of a good Hcighth, fo as to be fecn 11 or 12 leagues. It is very Rocky *, yet above the Rocks there is good yellow and black Mould •, not deep, yet producing plenty of good tall Trees, and bea- ring any Fruits or Roots which the Inhabitants plant. 1 do not know all its Produce •, but what we faw, were Plantains, Coco-Nuts, Pine-Apples, Oranges, Papaes, Potatoes, and other large Roots. Here are alio another fort of wild Jaca's, about the big- nefs of a Mans two Fills, full of Stones or Kernels, v/hich cat pleafanc enough wfien roailtd. Hie I -ibby Tree grows here in the Swampy Valleys, ^^ v;hich chcy make Sago Cakes : 1 -did nor lee cheni V iinea. call of us; erftand thdr i€m to come tala\an Lan- Id not ; yet fliew them thenr, Yet iboard \ but e, and away my Pinnace, fies, Hatch. )re, I called iv but 2 Men id the Bulli- Knives and 1 their \Ve> Boat's Side, ig Water on ley dipt into noon levcnl ought many ra lights, but is about ■] ; or lels. It en 1 1 or 12 'e the Rocks , ', not deep, ?s, and bea- ^itants plant, ^hat we faw, ^s, Oranges, oots. Here our the big- or Kernels, .(led. Tlie Vailfvs, of or lee them lii % s ¥i (l.:i( 'ii' < i1 •^1 ■} • • " 1 t M' ' ■'>'■ 1: '■3 .r irl^M ■ \ ^litlvC|1j:'-^ X^l JII -PArt- Z . 7h!mp tby. Thtj^ish ii ofApaU rjdaUnttrtj of tt ^*f^^'' J^ '*'^' Strange Sc tar^ jB,ttt3 an J I'uU JahuJa in ^u^ Cuinui. Js^tenhed ■r-:==^ This 3trdi i'w 1^ 'Bnaht red ■ ;■ I r/jc£ thu :Bi^. tSj i^ ■r Ipndson theCoaft of N. Guinea. 187 wkeany, but was told by the Inhabitants that \x.An. 1699^ ni made of the Pith of the Tree, in the fame Man- ^-^'V^ ser I have defcribed in my Voyage round the ^orld. They Ihew'd me the Tree whereof it was lade, and I bought about 40 of the Cakes. 1 )ught alfo 3 or 4 Nutmegs in their Shell, which lid not fecm to have been long gathered; but whether they be the Growth of this llland or not, ihe Natives would not tell whence they had them, and feem'd to prize them very much. What Beads the Ifland affords, I know not : But here are both Sea and Land-Fowl. Of the firft, Boobi^o and len of War-Birds are the chief •, fome G oldens, -.u fmall Milk-white Crab-catchers. Tiie Land- fcovvls are Pidgcons, about the Bignefs of Mountain- ridgeons in Jamaica ; and Crows about the Bignefs Df thofe in England^ and much like them ; but the merPartof their Feathers are white, and the Out- |fide black ; fo that they appear all black, unlefs ]ou extend the Feathers. Here are large Sky-co- pr'd Birds, fuch as we lately kill'd on Nezv Gui- u \ and many other fmall Birds, unknown to us. lere are likewife Abundance of Bats, as big as foung Coneys ; their Necks, Head, Ears and No- tes, like Foxes ; their Hair rough \ that about [heir Necks, is of a whitifh yellow, that on their le.'\dsand Shoulders black ; their Wings are 4 Foot Jyer, from Tip to Tip : They fmell like Foxes. "he Filh are Bafs, Rock-fifh, and a Sort of Filli like Mullets, Old-wives, Whip-rays, and fomc o- per Sorts that I know not, but no great Plentv of »ny; for 'tis deep Water till within iclb thin .1 Mile af the Shore •, then there is a Bank of Coral Rocks, vitiiiii which you have Shoal W'uter, white clean Sand; So there is no good Filhing with the Sain. This llland lies in Latitude 2 deg. 43 min. South, mdMeridiandillancefrom Port Babao on the Ifland ^mr^ 4S(J Miles. Befides this Ifland, here are 9 or i 1 . , , ' li i ) 1 t > h i li I, '\ , I I I* fTt V '• it ' ll * K. 18 8 The Inhabitants of the Ncw-Guluca Ifmk 'A)t. 1699. or 10 other fmall lilands, as they arc laid down ml ""•^y^^ the Drauffhrr. The Inhabitants of this lOand area Sort of very 1 tawny Indians, with long black Hair •, who in their Manners differ but little from the Mint t™ in.^nd we f.uv good large llouib, i'hcir PrccvJJ f. i' I 4^ 1- r, ': ' ' ' HH!1(, I'i ' 1 ' ' if* , ;i it 1: ; 1 ■ If; 1 ■• ^i , ii 1 1 ! I •V 1 f ■ t '■ * :' 1 1 i. ■ •; • '! ■ i 1 ■ i 1 -1 . 1 1 '■ f ■ 1 , I f. t, ' ■' ' M ■» (T \i ii (■ ■ I I. ,, , , ,v Ne"w Ctiijiea T..ti I, 1 JL. . • yii»^if!i#iMWi^#JViffi»/u^^#^ %^N^^ i#i> #H A ^. ^'fi^^^^AJnuillJandyljl jfnj i,y^ UnJ U /Mrt ^/--H. Guinea. Zut ijj ImLi^l ^fufi. IJl Li J.' /arm aj u hove and mahij t/iuj at thin Ivanrt^. atut Ltyj taj/S wunijfv IfL ^•//«1 ^^^ m .r^r JSw3z «'. J" tt' ^^x. w k^^Z. |feaiK.^«/jr«l Jjlandmd thm ^""^^at th*/i. hdortn^.anda ianJuiCd. ofjmaU.jyl.roundu.hAnfis thus 4iyfi'ti\k_ 'Jht. y/.headafMj^^ M^ ^^"j^ ^ r\ Wiy.w tvjf^ w wArAojft iYWbW 6L U^tunyouiv lHty4,y7^ nujfl hdadafM^tl V.J W./Z. tfhtt lays ffft/u/i^'^'i anda. rutna afl/iaruL a. haut 'ijZ. ut thu jidt, ■ ^■7- '-^^ c^r i8z :yJS.b;Ar.tiZ. ¥ JV.^AT.S.jZ thu4 1 4tt/ujl !HlHr*jiHH| O4/? (?y Ncw-Guinca. 189 larrow with Outlagers on e;icli Side, like other Ma- An^(^% v,;/ I cannot tell of what Religion thclc arc-, ' lit I think they are not Mahf.vwtuns^ by their di ink- (T Brandy out of the lame Cup with us without ,ny Scruple. At this Ifland vvc continued till the Mth Inllant, having laid in Store of fuch Roots jnd Fruits as the Ifland alfortlcd. On the 20th, at half Hour after 6 in the Morn- ntr, I wcigh'd, and Handing out we faw a large (utfull of Men lying at the North-point of the 1- llind. As we pafled by, they rowed towards tlicir hbit.uions, where we luppofed tiicy had withdrawn Ik'inlclvcs for fear of us ("tho* we gave them no iuilc of Terrour,) or for fomc Difl'ercnccs among themfclvcs. We (lood to the Northward till 7 in the Evening ; hen f;iw a Ripling ; and the Water being difcolour- d, wc founded, and had but 22 Fathom. I went a- boiitand ftood to the VVeftward till 2 next Morning, hen tack'd again, and had thcfe fcveral Soundings: AtS in the Kvening, 22 ; at 10, 25 ; at 1 1, 27 •, at 12, 28 Fathom ; at 2 in the Morning 26 j at 4, 24; at 6, 7.7, \ at 8, 28 •, at 12, 22. We palled by many fmall Iflands, and among many d;ingerous Shoals, without any remarkable Occur- riiue, till the 4th of February, when we got within 3 i eagues of the North- Well Cape of I^evj-Guinea^ icdllcd by the Dutch Cape Mahn. Off this Cape there lies a fmall woody Ifland, and many Iflands of dif- ferent Sizes to the North and North-Eafb of it. This {'art of New Guinea is high Land, adorn'd with tall Trees that appeared very green and flou- liOiing. The Cape it felf is not very high, but ends in a low fharp Point -, and on either Side there appears another fuch Point at equal Dillances, wiiich makes it refemble a Diamond. This only ap- pe:.ri when you arc abreaft of the middle Point ; and I, t < I uiJi ii' 1 J| iv. ! . !|n I!- II ( ' ■ :t i' "l vm *!.;!; ' ! ' ■ f :m t i;'|! *i 190 ne Coaft of Ncw-Guinca. 'An. 1699. and then you have no Ground within 3 Leagues of ' ^ "^ the Shore. In the Afternoon we pad by the Cape, andftcod over for the Jflands. Before it was dark, wc werJ got within a League of the Weftermoft ; but had no Ground with 50 Fathom of Line. However fearing to ftand nearer in the dark, we tack'd and Hood to the Eaft, and plyed all Night. The next! Morning we were got 5 or 6 Leagues to the Eaft- ward of that Ifland ; and having the "Wind Eafter- 1 ly, we flood in to the Northward among the I- flands ; founded, and had no Ground. Then 1 1 fent in my Boat to found, and they had Ground I v/irh 50 Fathom near a Mile from the Shore. We | tack'd before the Boat came aboard again, for fear of a Shoal that was about a Mile to the Eaft of that! liland the Boat went to *, from whence alfo a Shoal- point ftretched out it felf till it met the other .• They brought with them fuch a Cockle, as I have mentio- ned in my Voyage round the World, found nearO. lebes ; and they faw many more, fome bigger than I that v/hich they brought aboard, as they faid ; and for this Reafon I named it Cockle-\{[in^. I fent them to found again, ordering them to fire a Muf- qiiet if they found good anchoring ; we were then ftanding to the Southward, with a fine Breeze. Al- loon as they fired, I tack'd and flood in : They told me they had 50 Fathom when they fired. 1 tack'd again, and made all the Sail I could to get out, being near fome Rocky Iflands and Shoals to Leeward of us. The Breeze increafed, and 1 thought we were out of Danger •, but having a Shoal jufl by us, and the Wind falling again, I or- dered the Boat to tow us, and by their Help we got clear from iv. We had a flrong Tide fetting to the WciUJ.rd. A; ^i %' CocUc- IJIand on the Coaft of N. Guinea. 191 At I a-Clock, being paft the Shoal, and finding An, 1699. fee Tide fetting to the Wcftward, I anchorM in ^5 L^-^sJ Tathom, coarfe Sand, with fmall Coral and Shells, leine? neareft to Cockle- IJland^ I immediately lent ioththt Boats thither •, one to cut Wood, and ilie ^ther to fifli. At 4 in the Afternoon, having a fiall Breeze at South-South- Weft, I made a Sign )rmy Boats to come aboard. They brought fomc Tood, And a few fmall Cockles, none of them ex- [eeding 10 Pound weight ; whereas the Shell of the ^reat one v/eighed 78 Pound ; but it was now high ^atei, and tlierefore they could get no bigger. rhey alfo brought on Board fome Pidgeons, of fhich we found Plenty on all the Iflands where we [oach'd in thefe Seas. Alfo in many Places we faw ^any huge Batts, but kill'd none, except thofe I fiention'd at Pulo Sabtida. As our Boats came a- 3ard, we wcigh'd and made Sail, fteering Laft- South-Eaft as long as the Wind held : In the Morn- ng we found we had got 4 or 5 Leagues to the Eafl bf the Place wliere we weighed. We flood to and fro till II •, and finding that we loft Ground, an- fchor'd in 42 Fathom, coarfe gravelly Sand, with |ome Coral. This Morning we thought we faw a I, In the Afternoon I went artiorc on a fmall woody [(land, about 2 Leagues from us. Here I found ihe greateft Number of Pidgeons that ever I faw per in the Eaft or JVeJl- Indies^ and fmall Cockles diCvSea round t'le f flan' ^-, in fuch Quantities that "^e might have laden the Boat in an Hour's Time : riiefe were not above 10 or 12 Pound Weight. We bt foine Wood, and brought oft"" Cockles enough for all tlie Ship's Company •, but having no fmall 'i^ot, v,'c could kill no Pidgeons. I return'd about R-Clock ; and then my Gunner and both Mates *^ent thither, and in lefs than 3 quarters of an Hour pfykiirdand brought oft' 10 Pidgeons. Here is a I'ide : 1 ^:^m '\ 1 I 1 1 1 r 'n\ '\ n^% '4 . V i :k.H t I t i '■1 , L,: it I' ! it ■ 'hi : 1: '\i% •1 i:- ■ ! :, qpPBiP ■W^T^PprHMJ .1 .1 (iJipiBIJi , Wm 1 1 ^i -I'r' ' 31 • ■ ' it- i:'T'^!^'i tl ■■»«■ l.t 192 Large Cockles. An. 1699. Tide : The Flood fcts Weft and the EbbEaft; biitl ^"V^ the latter is very faint, and but of fmall Condnu. ance» And lb v/e found it ever fince we came from I I'imor, The Winds we found Eafterly, between North-Eaft and Ka(V-South-Eaft •, fo that if thefcl continue, it is impodible to beat farther to thcEaft. ward on this Coall againft Wind and Current. I Thcfc Eafterly Winds encreafed from the Time we were in the Latitude of about 2 deg. Soudi; and a ive drew nigher the Line, they hung more Eafterlj.| And now being to the North of the Continent 1 J\eiv Guinea^ where the Coaft lies Eaft and Weft, ll find the Trade -wind here at Eaft •, which yet io higher Latitudes is ufually at North -North- Weft and Korth-Weft ; and fo 1 did expetl them here, it be- ing to the South of the Line. [ The 7th in die Morning I fent my Boat afliorc on Pidgcon-Ifland^ and ftaid till Noon. In the After- noon my Men returned, brought 22 Pidgeons, and many Cockles, lome very large, fome fmall : Thef ahb brought one empty Shell, that weigh'd 2')\ Pound. At 4 a-Clock we weigh'd, h^^vinga fmall W^efter-I ly Wind, and a Tide with us ; at 7 in the Evening we anchored in 42 Fathom, near King Willwn'i i- fuind., where I went afliore the next Morning, drankl his M-.ijefty's flcalth, and honoured it with liis Name. It is about 2 Leagues and a half in lengtU very high, and extraordinarily well cloathed wi Woods. The Trees are of divers Sorts, inoftun-l known to us, but ail very green and fiourilhingi many of diem had Flowers, fome white, fomepur-| pic, odiers yellow •, all which fmelt very fragrantly. The Trees are generally tall and ftreight-botW iiiid iriay be lit for any Ufes. I faw one of ao« Body, without Knot or Limb, 60 or 70 Footingtil by Eflimation. It was 3 of my Fathoms about, and kvipt iia Bignefs without any fenfible Dccrde| King WilliamV I (land, ' ig^ ;ren to the Top. The Mould of the illand is -^w* lOjjg: V •f^f 'lit ill r- Ml k]ack, but not deep j it being very rocky. On the (ides and Top of the Ifland, are many Palmeco- jees, whoie Heads we could difcern over all the Ither Trees, but their Bodies we could not fee. . About I in the Afternoon we weighed and ftood the Eaft ward, between the Main and King Willi* m's Ifland j leaving the Ifland on our I.arboard- |de, and founding till we were paft the Ifland , and \im we had no Ground. PIcre we found th-^ Flood ptting Eail by North, and the Ebb Well by South. There were Shoals and fmall Iflands between us and lie Main, which cauied the Tide to fet very incon- bntly, and make many Whirlings in the Water •, let we did not find the I'ide to fet ilrong any way, lor tiie Water to rife much. On the 9th, being to the Eafliward of King Wil- mhUand, we plied all Day between the Main and [thcrlllands, having E,afl:erly Winds and fair Wea- Vr till 7 the next Morning. Then we had very ird Rain till 8, and faw many Shoals of Fifli. We ^y becalm'd ofi^ a pretty deep Bay on New-Guinea^ Dout 12 or 14 Leagues wide, and 7 or 8 Leagues fep, having low Land near its Bottom, but high Land without. The Eaftermoft Part of New-Gui- bfeen, bore Eafl: by South, diftant 12 Leagues:. f^pe Maho Wefl:-South-Wefl: half South, difl:ant 7 eagues. At I in the Afternoon it began to rain, and con- lu'd till 6 in the Evening ; fo that having but lit- Wind and nioH: Calms, we lay flill off the fore- ^ention'd Bay, having King Williani^s Ifland flill in jilt, tlKnigh difl:ant by Judgment 15 or 16 eag::es Welt. We faw iv^.::; SLjals of fmall Fifli, |)mt Sharks, and 7 or 8 xJolphins \ but catchc 3ne, In the Afternoon, being about 4 Leagues [oin the Shore, we Aiw an Opening in the Land, pich feem'd to afford good Harbour : In the Eve- VoL. III. O ning w^TNJ h' K '; ii^ '''1. rni! i; !! ! I f. ■■ ■ l! vm If :^'l'iii ! ' wm i :f 194 ^^•'^ ^^^^ ^f Ncw*Gumca; An. 1699. ning we faw a large Fire there •, and I intended to ^-^/"^^ go infif Winds and Weather would permit) to get lome Acquaintance with the Natives. Since the 4th Inftant that we pafled Cape Mm^ to the 1 2th, we had fmall Eafterly "Winds and Calms, fo that we anchor'd leveral I'imes j where I made my Men cut Wood, that we might have a good Stock when a Weflerly Wind fhould prefent; and lb we ply'd to the Eaftward, as Winds and Cur- rents would permit •, having Hv,: got in all above 30 leagues to the Eaftward ui' Cape Maho. ButOD the 1 2th, at 4 in the Aftiernoon, a fmall Gale Iprung up at North-Eaft by North, with Rain: At 5 it Ihuffled about to North- Weft, from thence to the South-Weft, and continued between tliofc 2 Points a pretty brisk Gale -, fo that we made Sail and fteercd away North-Eaft, till the 13th in the Morning, to get about the Cape of Good When 'twas Day, we fteer'd North-Eaft half! then North-Eaft by Eaft till 7 a-Clock; and ilien 7 or 8 Leagues off Shore, we fteer'd awayj Kaft •, the Shore trending Eaft by South. Web very much Rain all Night, fo that 've cou'lr carry much Sail •, yet we had a very fteddyGalt. At 8 this Morning the Weath' r clear'd up, andtb "Wind dccrcas'd to a fine Top-gallant Gale, and fet- tled at Weil by South. We had more Rain thef( 3 Days paft, than all the Voyage in fo fliortTim "We were now about 6 Leagues from the Landol Kc'zv-Guincc!^ which appear'd very high*, andwi faw 2 Head lands, about 20 Leagues afunder •> tk one to the Eaft, and the other to the Weft, wtiicl laft is called the Cape of Good Hope. We foum Variation Eaft 4 deg. The 15th in the Morning between 12 and 2 aj Clock, it blew a very brisk Gale at North-'Weti an.1 look'd very black in the SoutliWeft. At 2' hew about at once to the South-South- Welti ^^ y \jjiJ^rt I Damp ./"by- ^e-v>r Guinea 8Lc . T tp4 J^X. h.X. ^Z . JS.i^aZ. jjjhufi Cap*^f*t^ and,y J{Undj to^ U^i^ivard at tfufi, :B^/trtna ^.^. jfi£. ahu/lMMrl. It i^JSaAwancLirfy CAp€ atj^3*arina JS. h J.-^ J. yZ . XXkd^ Umlflandj X h J. ^ J. zZ rbJ. W. AiV- ■w.j/'.w. z Z. CV. h.JE. y£ ^XXrX. 'liMai/uamis^ti/mii/^/^A 9V0UW havi Cdpe,?kfaln} J.Z h.XyZ. tha,t s^htu^J v .Iflandj to j,' Mrthtvard nJimt^,!,,/,.. /„„. ...I,,,.,.,.. ^ C^oi&ccd9ii^J.iS.6Z. #ilfc^CS^^^.r^£^i^^:S: u/ jfvufi the. Coju, of C-ctyd i(£o»e at iJufi. kdorin^ and^dift- andy land ^/tuAOrd ^. b. W. \ -U^.^Z \k^- /^"^'^ ■■^'^outtns I/l^^ 'Mmtm(llim,^^/^,MMM^^^^^^^^ 'ffuwvj'^IroviJience Mndutn Scoutetxs. at ihtfi 3*arinaj andJ>iji. iX 10 Z jtJ^ ZflTmad^e J.^ W.j Z ^^■■'i i*31atki»i Zfl XhAJrom tht, middU j Z . m O' \ i\ '" Hi f I ; ^t^ !■ \ ■, , '^.^ ! ) l'. ■ , '1 ■ 1 '"■ \ '^ ' '■' ■ i : 1 1 \ 1 ,*,'' f ij. : ■ i . I 1 • i ■■■ i ■ \ i * • ■ ' :^ ,f TheCoaJlof ^iJ.Gmnc^. Trovidence IJIand. ipj drained very hard. The Wind fettled Ibmetime at -rf». 1699; Weft-South- Weft, and we fteered Eaft-North-Eaft U^V^sJ till 3 in the Morning : Then the Wind and Rain a- » bating, we fteered Eaft half North for fear of co- imingnear the Land. Prefently after, it being a little clear, the Man at the Bowfprit-end, call'd out, \land on our Starboard Bow, We lookt out and faw jit plain. I prefently founded, and had but 10 Fa- hom i'ofc Ground. The Mafter, being fomewhat car'd, came running in hafte with this News, and faid it was beft to anchor : I told him no, but found rain -, then we had 1 2 Fathom -, the next Caft, 1 ^ id a half ; the 4th, 1 7 Fathom ; and then no Jround with 50 Fathom Line. However we kept }ff the Illarid, and did not go fo faft but that we could fee any other Danger before we came nigh it. "?"or here might have been more Iflands not laid Jown in my Draughts befides This. For I f ^a'-drd ill the Draughts I had, if perchance I might f nd any (fland in the one, which was not in the others ; but could find none near us. When it was Day, we (fere about 5 Leagues off the Land wc faw ; but, I elieve, not above 5 Mile or at moft 2 Leagues off t, when we f.rft faw it in the Night. This is a fmall Ifland, but pretty high ; I named Providence, About 5 Leagues to the Southward " this, there is another Ifland, which is called Wil- wi S coil ten's Ifland j and laid down in our Draughts : is a high Ifland, and about 20 Leagues long. [ It was by mere Providence that we mifs'd the ull Ifland. For had not the Wind come to Weft- suth-Weft, and blown hard, fo that we fteered iaft-North-Eaft ; we had been upon it by our Courfe that we fteered before, if we could not have cen it. This Morning we faw many great Trees ^d Logs fwini by us -, v/hich it's probable came ki of fome Rreat PJvers on the Main. 'IV ^i ipti: . il ■■I' ,' ^ 4 h i' iV O z On -f, ?f 1 J ii; . a ! ii 196 Sea-Snckes. Matthias IJland. An, 1699. On the 1 6th wc crofTed the Line, and found W ^^'^V^^ nation 6 dcg. 26 min. Eaft. The i8th by my Ob- fervation at Noon, wc found that we had had 1 Current fctting to the Southward, and probably that drew us in fo nigh Scouten^ sX^zxi^. For this 24 Hours we fleered Ealt by North with a la.ge Wnd, yet made br.t an Eaft by South half South Courfe; though the Variation was not above 7 dcg. Eai^. The 2 if: ve had a Current fecting to th* ^oljl. wai , V: J-i .:• againfc the ;rue Trade Monfoon, it beiiig 5}o\v near the full Moon. I did expeft it hei ;, ;., ;i^ xW other Places. We had Variation ii dcg. 45 min, .laft. The 22d we found but little Current \ if any, it fet to the Southward. On the 23d in the Afternoon we faw 2 Snakes; and the next Morning another, paffing by us, wliich was furioufly afiaulted by 2 Fiflies, that had kept us Company 5 or 6 Days. They were Ihaped liked Mackarcl, and were about that Bignels and Length, and of a yellow greenifli Colour. The Snake fvvam away from them very faft, keeping his Head above Water \ the Fifh Inapp'd at his Tail; bur when he turn'd himfelf, that Fifh would with- draw, and another would fnap \ fo that by Turns they kept hi.n employed \ yet he ftill defended him- felf, and fwam away a great Puce, till they were ^ out of Sight. The 25th betimes in the Morning, we faw an Ifland to the Southward of us, at about 15 Leagues] diftance. We lleer'd away for it, fuppofmg it toi be that which the Dutch call Wijhari'^ Ifland; but iinding it othcrwife, I called it Matthias; it being that Saint's Day. This Ifland is about 9 , or 10 Leagues long, mountainous and woody, v/itli many Savannah's, and fonK- Spots of Land which feem'd 10 be clear'd. ' '!, At' ^ l I' ■■« ■ ■■; h : 1 1 ■ t 1 ■; ^!'M 1 ■ i 1 vi'V 1 5, ' M'7 i; * ;; t" (■ / M^ S^^^^5 " *• .-■-V*- 'i'^'M-ii-' \i \i '' il: ' II 'i r: ■: ■ I f vt ' it' I V I I !■ u T^/ /// . Art X 7X/m/j /cry. j^ j^ J S^u aly t/him.CLi y u IJIands on the Coaft of Ncw-Guinca. x^y Ar S in the Evening we lay by, intending, if I An. 1699. could, to anchor under Matthias Ifie. But the next >'^>r^ Morning feeing another Ifland about 7 or 8 Leagues to the lilaftward of it, we fteer'd away for it ; at Noon we came up fair with its South- Weft-end, intending to run along by it, and an- chor on the South- Kaft-fide : But the Tornadoes came in fo thick and hard, that I could not venture in. This Ifland is pretty low and plain, and cloath*d with Wood ; the Trees were very green, and appeared to be large and tall, as thick as they could ftand one by another. It is about 2 or 3 Leagues long, and at the South-Weft-point there is another fmall low woody Ifland, about a Mile round, and about a Mile from the other. Between them there runs a RifF of Rocks, which joyns them, (The biggeft, I named Squall'^ Tfland.) Seeing we could not anchor here, I ftood away to the Southward, to make the Main. But having miny hard Squalls and Tornadoes, we were often forced to haad all our Sails and fl.eer more Eafterly to go be^fore it. On the 26th at 4 a Clock it clear'd up to a hard Sky, and a brisk fettled Gale \ then we made as much Sail as we could. At 5 ic cbr'd up over the Land, and we faw, as we thought, Cape ^^/ow^/wtT bearing South-South-Eall dilhnce 10 Leagues. We had many great Logs and Trees fwimming by us all this Afternoon, and much Grafs \ we fteercd in South-South-Eaft till ^, then the Wind flackned, and we ftood oif rill 7, having little Wind j then we lay by till 10, at which Time we made Sail, and fleer'd away Eafl all Night, The next Morning, as foon as it was light, we made all the Sail we ,could, and fteer*d away Eaft- South-Eaft, as the Land lay ; being fair in Sight of it, and not above 7 Leagues diftance. We pafl by ^any fmall Iqw woody Iflands which lay between us o 3 m\ I i i'- 'I'! \ ■ m I htM ■ \:h ■ I iw pii m^^ '^*<» • 198 IJlands on the CoaJI of N. Guinea. 'jn. 1 699. and the Main, not laid down in our Draughts, w->,/^w -^e found Variation 9 deg. 50 min. Eaft. The 28th we had many violent Tornadoes, Wind, Rain, and fome Spouts *, and in the Torm- docs the Wind fliifted. In the Night we had tair Weather, but more Lightning than we hud Teenar any Time this Voyage. 1 his Morning we left a large high Ifland on our Larboard-fide, called in the Dutch Draughts JVifhart\ Iflc, about 6 Leagues from the Main i and feeing many Smoaks upon the Main, I therefore ftecr'd towards it. i :r I i ri CHAP. \' I Ncw-Guinca. C HAP. IV. Ut main Land of New-Guinea. Ut Inhahitantt. Slinger's Bayj Small l/landi. Garret Dennis IJle defcribtd. !tt inhabit ant t, Iheir Prott. Anthony Cave'i JJland. its inhabitants Trttt full of Wormt found in tht Sea. St. John's //?4»<<. Tht main Land of New-Guinea. Ut inhabitants. Tht Coafl dtfcribtd. Cite and Bay St. George. Capt Orford. Another Bay. Tht Inhabitants thtrt. A largt account of thi Author's Attetnptt to Trade with them. He names the place Port Mountague. Th$ Country thereabouts defcribed^ and tts produce. A Burning IiUnd defcribed. A new pajfuge found. Nova Britannia. Nr George Rook's Ijland. Long ifland^ and Crown ijUnd, dtfcovered and defcribed. Sir R. Rich's l/land. A burning /- jUnd. A jlrange Spout. A Conje^ure concerning a new Pajfagt Southward. King William's ijland. Strange IVhirlpools. Dh ftanct between Cape Mabo, and Cape St. George, computed. TH E main Land, ar this place, is high and mountainous, adorn*d with tall flourifhing Trees •, The Sides of the Hills had many large Plantations and Patches of clear'd Land -, which, together with the Smoaks we faw, were certain Signs of its being well inhabited ; and I was defirous to have fome Commerce with the Inhabitants. Be- ing nigh the Shore, we faw firft one Proe i a little aruT, 2 or 3 more ; and at laft a great many Boats i^-imc from all the adjacent Bays. When they were 46 in Number, they approachM fo near us, that we could fee each others Signs, and hear each other Ipeak J though wt could not underftand them, nor they us. They made Signs for us to go in towards the Shore, pointing that way •, it was fqually Wca- ther, which at firft made me cautious of going too near ; but the Weather beginning to look, pretty well, I endeavoured to get into a Bay a-head of us, which we could have got into well enough at firft % but while wc hy by, we were driven foTar to Lce- O 4 wards 199 An. 1699 ! i M\ t 1 I 1 ■ . 1 1 1' ,t <: # I:' i' I' ^ I! I'll r I 3)' > . I ii J I !r M' 200 The Inhabitants of New-Guinea.' 'jin. 1699. ward, that now it was more difficult to get in. The ''^^'^^^^ Natives lay in their Proes round us; to whom! Ihew'd Beads, Knives, Glaffes, to allu»e them to come nearer ; but they would not come fo ni^h, as to receive any thing from us. Therefore T threw out fome things to them, viz. a Knife faftned to a piece of Board, and a Glafs-bottle corked up with fome Beads in it, which they took up and feemed well pleafed. They often ftruck their left Breall with their right Hand, and as often held up a black Truncheon over their Heads, which we thouphf was a Token of Friendfhip *, Wherefore we did the like. And when we flood in towards their Shore, rliey fccm'd to rcjoyce ; but when we ftood ofi, tliey frown'd, yet kept us Company in their Proes, ilill pointing to the Shore. About 5 a-Clock we goL wirhin the Mouth of the Bay, and founded Icveral times, but liad no Ground, though within a mile of tlic Sliore. The Bafon of this Bay was above 2 Miles within us, into which we miiiht have cone-, but as I was notafllired of AnchoraS'%-'' "^ Bay.) But at the Firing of one Gun they were all «n)a/*d, drew gtf and iluiig no more Stones. They go: ii ■'1. i • 1 The Inhabitants of New-Gulnca, 201 .got together, as if confultingwhat to do ; for they ^n. 1699. Idid not make in towards the Shore, but lay ftill, ^-O/'VJ Ithoughfome of them were killed or wounded -, and imany more of them had paid for their Boldnefs, ^but that I was unwilling to cut off any of them ; [which if I had done, I could not hope afterwards [to bring them to treat with me. The next day we failed clofc by an Ifland, where iwc faw many Smoaks, and Men in the Bays > out Icf which came 2 or 3 Canoas, taking much pains to lovertake us, but they could not, though we went hvith an eafy Sail ; and I could not now flay for them. |As I paft by the South-Eail Point, I founded fevc- ^ral times within a Mile of the Sandy Bays, but had |no Ground : About 3 Leagues to the Northward |of the South-Eaft Point, we opened a large deep Bay, fecur'd from Weft-North- Weft and South- iWelt Winds. There were 2 other Iflands that lay ItotheNorrh-Eaft of it, which fecur'd the Bay from tKorth-Eaft Winds ; One was but fmall, yet woody •, the other was a League long, inhabited and full of [Coco-Nut-Trees. I endeavoured to get into this JB y \ but there came fuch Flaws off from the high .and over it, that I could not -, Bcfides, we had [many !iard Squalls, which deterr'd me from it •, and fehc coming on, I would not run any hazard, but jborc away to the fmall inhabited Ifland, to fee if jwc could get Anchoring on the Eaft-fidc of it. ^^'hen we came there, we found the IPxand fo nar- row, that tiiei-e could be no Shelter ; therefore I tack'd and ftood toward the greater Illand again : bd being more than Mid-way between both, I lay t)y, defigning to endeavour tor Anchorage next iMorning. Between 7 and 8 at Night, we fpied a -'inoa clofe by us •, and feeing no more, fuffered lifi" 10 come aboard. She had 3 Men in her, who pought off 5 Coco-Nuts, for which I gave each [Of them a Knife and a String of Beads, to encourage them. \'^- 1, r ii.^ 'lit''' \ i . I if' > i ■ ;! 1; ' " i I ' ; I ^'i.; >H- '' i rill'. c>v iv; f^t r I>|J1 ^il 11 \ 'A 1' H . i i' 202 Carrct Dennis i^i?.' '^a. 1699. them to come off again in the Morning : But \A ^''^'VV fore rhefe went away, wefawz more Canoas conv ing ; therefore we ftood away to the Northward from them, and then lay by again till Day. We faw no more .Boats this Night ; neither defign'dtol fuffer any to come aboard in the dark. By nine a-Clock the next Morning, we were goti within a League of the great Ifland, but were kept off by violent Guftsof Wind. Thefe Squalls gave us warning of their Approach, by the Clouds whicli| hung over the Mountains,' and afterwards defcend- edto the Foot of them j and then it is we expeftl them fpeedily. On the 3d of March ^ being about 5 Leagues to I Leeward of the great Ifland, we faw the Maiii| Land a-head ; and another great high Ifland to Lee- ward of us, dillance about 7 Leagues; whichwel bore away for. It is called in the Dutch DraughB, Garret Dennis Ifle. It is about 14 or 15 Leaguesl round ; high and mountainous, and very woody; Some Trees appeared very large and tall ; and tlw Bays by the Sea-fide are well llored with Coco-n Trees ; where we alfo faw fome fmall Houfes, Thel Sides of the Mountains are thick fet "with Plantati< ons ; and the Mould in the new cleared Land, feem'dl to be of a brown reddifh Colour. This Illand is| of no regular Figure, but is full of Points fhooting forth into the Sea *, between which are many Sandy Bays, full of Coco-nut-Trees. The middle of the Ifle lies in 3 deg. 10 min. South Latitude. Itii very populous; The Natives are very black, ftrong,j and v/ell-limb'd People-, having great round Heads, their Hair naturally curl'd and fliort, which tliefl fnave into feveral Forms, and dyt it alio of diverfej Colours, VIZ. Ked, White and Yellow. Tlief] have broad round Faces with sreat bottle iNoi-S yet agreeable enough, till they disfigure tneniD]fi Painting, and by wearing great things through thdf Noiesj \^ Ifs Inhabitants, ^ 20? bfcs as big as a Man's Thumb and about four Inches An. 1699/ png ; thefe are run clear through both Noftrils, ^^^^VV ine end coming out by one Cheek-Bone, and the [ther end againft the other i and their Nofes fo Iretched, that only a fmall flip of them appears a- 50UL liie Ornament, They have alfo great Holes ' their Ears, wherein they wear fuch ftufF as in Heir Nofes. They are very dextrous adive Fellows their Proes, which are very ingenioufly built. ;hey are narrow and long, with Out-lagers on one |de-, the Head and Stern higher than the reft, and iived into many Devices, viz. fome Fowl, Fifh, br a Man's Hand painted or carv*d : And though p but rudely done, yet the Refemblance appears painly, and fhews an ingenious Fancy. But with ^hat Inftrumcnts they make their Proes or car ved fork, I know not -, for they feem to be utterly jnoranc of Iron. They have very neat Paddles, mh which they manage their Proes dextroufly, and wke great way through the Water. Their Wea- fojis are chiefly Lances, Swords and Slings, and Qme Bows and Arrows : They have alfo Wooden pffgigs^' for ftriking Fifli. Thofe that came to Tauk us in Slingers-B^y on the Main, are in allRe- pefts like thefe ; and I believe thefe arc alike trea- erous. Their Speech is clear and diflindl , the fords thi^y ufed moft^ when near us, were Vacou- \e Allamais^ and then they pointed to the Shore. ["heir Signs of Friendfliip, are either a great Trun- leon, or Bough of a Tree full of Leaves, put ^n thdr Heads j often ftriking their Heads with lieir Hands. The next Day, having a frefh Gale of Wind, we Jot under a high Ifiand, about 4 or 5 Leagues [ound, very woody, and full of Plantations upon ^e Sides of the Hills •, and in the Bays by the Wa- [er-fide, are Abundance of Coco-nut-Trees. It lies the Latitude qf 3 deg. 25 min. Sputh, and Me- ridian h liM ' :. 'i • " ■ : 1' rr #• Mil. I ■ i i ;• '^ 1^ Si 2:04 Cave'j IJland. Its Inhabitants'. 'An. i699.ridian Diftance from Cape Mabo 1316 m. OnfnJ •^^'V*^ South-Eaft part of it are 3 or 4 other fmall woody Iflands j one high and peek*d, the other low and flat \ all bedeck'd with Coco-nut-Trees and otbi Wood. On the North there is another Tflandof aJ indifferent Heighth, and of a foniewhat larger Cir-' cumference than tlic great high Ifland lallmenriJ on'd. We pad between this and the high lOandJ The high Ifland is called in the I>utch DriiughtsiifJ thon-^ Cave's Ifland. As for the flat low liland, and the other fmall one, it is probable tl ey were never! fecn by the Dutch \ nor the Iflands to the Norrhofl Garret Dennises Ifland. As foon as we came near] Cave's Ifland^ fome Canoas came about us, audi made Signs for us to come afliore, as all the reftl dor.c before ; probably thinking we could run tiic| Ship aground any where, as they did their ProesJ for we fiw neither Sail nor Anchor amono; anvofl them, though mofl: Eaftern Indians have botk Thefe had Proes made of one Tree, well dug, wiA Outlagers on one fide : They were but fmall, ye: well Ihap'd. We endeavour-d to anchor, but found no Ground within a Mile of the .Shore: ^Ve| kept dole along the North-fide, flill founding we came to the North-Eafl:-cnd, but found nol Ground ; the Canoas ftill accompanying us ; and the Bays were covered with Men going along as 've failM : Many of them fl:rove to fwim off to us, but| we left them aftern. Being at the North-Eaft Point, we found a ftrong Current fetting to the Noj:1i- Weft ; fo that though we had fteer'd to keep urirl the high Ifland, yet we were driven towards the flat one. Ai this time 3 of the Natives came abomi;| 1 gave each ot them a Knitc, a Eooking-(''-'iV and a Sirinc^ of Reads. I flicw'd them PwiapKins and Coco nut-fliclls, and made Signs to them to] in-ing JOMic aboard, and had prclVntiy 3 Coco-nuiS! cue ot oac oi" ttic Canoas. 1 fnewed them N"-i St. JohnJ IJland. The Main of N. Guinea. 205 aegs, and by their Signs I guefs'd they had fome An^\6gg ,nthe Ifland. I alfo fhev/Vi them fome Gold-Dufl, " yhich they ftcm'd to know, and call*d out Mannai^ imeeK an^ pointed towards the Land. A while fter thefe Men were gone, 2 or 3 Canoas came 'fom the flat Ifland, and by Signs invited us to their (land y at which the others feem'd difpleas'd, and s'd very menacing Geflures and (I behevej Speeches peach other. Night coming on, we ftood off to Sea i and having but little Wind all Night, were liven away to the North-Weft. We law many reat Fires on the flat Ifland. Thefe laft Men that ameori'to us, were all black, as thole we had fecn lefore, with frizled Hair : They were very tail, ufty, well-ihap'd Men ; They wear great things their Nofes, and paint as the others, but not uchi They make ihe fame ^igns of Friendfliip, nd their Language fecms to be one : But the others ad Proes, and thefe Canoas. On the Sides of fome f thefe, we faw the Figures of feveral Fifh neatly ut-, and thefe laft were not fo fliy as the o- ^ers. Steering away from Cavers IJland South-So uth- laft, we found a ftrong Current againft us, which let only in fome places in Streams •, and in them we aw many Trees and Logs of Wood, which drove DY us. We had but little Wood aboard \ where- fore I hoilled out the Pinnace, and lent her to take jp fome of this Drift-wood. In a little time flie tame aboard with a great Tree in- a tow, which we couid hardly lioift in with all our Tackles. We cut jp the Tree and Iplit it for Fire-wood. It was vjch worm-eaten, and had in it fome live Worms aboa^ an Inch long, and about the bignefs of a Joole-quill, and having their Heads crufted ever vith a thin Shell. '"ifrv'> ■ i ■■■ It ; •,!' After ■f If' 1 ; '\ U ao6 Tl)e Main of Ncw-Guinea, J#». 1699. After this we pafled by an Ifland, called by rhJ ^^^>r*^ Dutch St. J ohn* s IJIand, leaving it to the Northof us. It is about 9 or 10 Leagues round, and very well adorn'd with lof^y Trees. We law man? Plantations on the Sides of the Hills, and Abundance of Coco-nut-1 rees about them ; as alfo thick Groves on the Bays by the Sea-fide. As we came near it, 3 Canoas came off to us, but would not come aboard. They were fuch as we had feen about the other Iflands : They jpoke the fame I-ai/j^uage, j and made the fame Signs of Peace; and their u| noas were fuch, as at Cavers If and. We Hood along jy St. John's JJIand^ till we came almoft to the South-Eaft-Point -, and then feeing no I mo'*e lilands to theEaftward of us, nor any likeli- hood of anchoring under this, I fleer'd away for the Main of New-Guinea ; we being now (as I fuppos'd)| totlieEaft of it, on this North-fide. MyDefigni of feeing thefe Iflands as I pall along, was to get Wood and Water, but could find no Anchor- 1 Ground, and therefore could not do as I purpos'd. Bcfidcs, rhefe Iflands are all fo populous, that 1 1 dar'd not fend my Boat ailiore, unlefs I could have! anchored pretty nigh. Wherefore I rather chofe to prolecute my Defign on the Main, the Seafonof the Year beingnow at hand ; for I judg'd the Wefter*! Jy Winds were nigh fpent. On the 8 th ot March, we faw fome Smoaks oa | the Main, being diftant from it 4 or 5 Leagues, 'Tis very high, woody Land, with fome Spots of Savannah. About 10 in the Morning 6 or 7 Canoas came o:f to us : Moft of them had no more than one Man in ihem -, they were all black, with lliort cuil'd Hair ; having the fame Ornaments in their Nofes, and their Heads fo fliav'd and painted, an fpeiiking the fame Words, as the Inhabitants oi I Cuve'^i Ifland before-mentioned. The: •^TH The Mdin of l:^c\v CM'mcz. 207 |. There was a Head-land to the Southward of us, \An. 1699. cyond which leeing no Land, I fuppofed that from I^'Y'nJI >nce the Land trends away more Wefterly. This ^ead-land lies in the Latitude of 5 deg. 2 min. Soutii, and Meridian diftance from Cape Maboy 1290 Miles. In the Night we lay by, for fear of jver-lhooting this Head-land. Between which and 'ape St. Maries^ the Land is high, Mountainous |ind Woody ; having many Points of Land Ihooting )ut into the Sea, which make fo many fine Bays. The ^oaft lies North -North-Eaft and South-South- Weft. The 9th in the Morning a huge black Man cam^ iff to us in a Canoa, but would not come aboard. le made the fame figns of Friendfhip to us, as the id we had met with i yet feem'd to differ in his .anguage, not ufing any of thofc Words which the o- ithersdid. We faw neither Smoaks nor Plantations near jthis Head-land. We found here Variation i deg. Eafl:. In the Afternoon, as we plied near the Shore. ^^ }anoas came off to us ; one had 4 Men in her, tiie Bthers 2 apiece. That with the 4 Men, came pretty sigh us and fhew*d us a Coco-nut and Water in a Bamboo, making Signs that there was enough illiore where they lived ; they pointed to the place skn they would have us go, and fo went away. It law a linall round pretty high Ifland about a .eagiie to the North of this Head-land, within vhich there was a large deep Bay, whither the Ca- lioas went ; and we flrove to get thither before »«ight, but could not; wherefore we ftood off, and law Land to the Weffward of this Kead-Land, bearing Weft by South half South, dift;^nce about jio Leagues •, and, as wc thought, ftill more Land [bearing South- Weft by South, diftance 12 or |u Leagues: But being clouded, it difappeared, land we thought we had been deceived. Before jN'ighc wc opened the Head-Land fair, and I named [HCape St. Ceorgf, The Land from hence trends away i; k \ / w ■'.' (\ H ■nm m I !i -r ¥: jfcoS T^e main Land of Ncw-Guinca.' Jl». 1^)99- away Weft-North-Wt-ft about lo Leagues, which ^■^^V^ is as tar as we could fee it ; and the Land that we faw to the Wellward of it in the Evenins which bore Well by South half South, was another! Point about lo Leagues from Cape St. Geori?; be. tween which there runs in a deep Bay for 20! Leagues or more. We faw fome high Land in Spots like Iflands, down in that Bay ataj''jrd^ in Honour ot my n'>Di'^| ratroml V/lM , ///,'A t' , i' // " -Nova Jiriltfiimifi /if^f. :i^(P. Bav .^^rX^£'^Z. ^:./■J.^:p.dL. ^-:\ '^ ^^ ^ ^'^ *"f l ll lllll 'nn'» 'iwii mill * ■ I 1 . 11 I I i''. I c^ r'!' ?r II !' 't ;it i^' pous, and |lier Side c On the pe, we dot out p I if, whic Vol I The mam Land of Kcw-Gmi\c:i. 269 Parron i drinking his Lordfliip's Health. This ^"- "Jjjg'.* Cape bears from Cape Si. George South- Weil about ''^"^^^^ i5i Leagues. Between thetn there is a Bay about 25 Leagues deep, having pretty high Land all round ir, elpccially near the Cajx-s, though they themfclves arc not high. Cape Orfjrd lies in the Latitude of 5 deg. 24 min. South, by my Obfer- ivation-, and Meridian diilance from Cape St, George^ , i\ Miles Weft. The Land trends from this Cape I North- Welt by Weft into the Bay, and on the othc-r [Side South- Weft per Compafs^ which is South- Weft 1 9 deg. Weft, allowing the Variation which is here 9 Idfg. Lad. The Land on each Side of the Cape, is more Savannah than Wood-Land, and is higheft 0.1 the North- Weft-fide. The Cape it felf is a Bluff- [point, of an indiflbrent Heighth, with a flat Table [Land at Top. When we were to the South- Weft lof tht' Cape, it appeared to be a low Point fhooting [out; which you cannot fee when a-brcaft of it. [This Morning we ftruck a Log of Drift-wood with )ur Turtle-Irons, hoifted it in and fplit it for Fire- vood. Afterwards we ftruck another, but could not ger it in. There were many Fifti about it. We fteer'd along South- Weft as the Land lies, (ceping about 6 Leagues off the Shore ; and being. jelirous to cut Wood and till Water, if I faw any ^onveniency, I lay by in the Night, becaufe I m\d not mifs any Place proper for thofe Ends^ 5r tear of wanting fuch Neeeflaries as we could jiotlivc without. This Coaft is high and mountai- nous, and not fo thick with Trees as that on the o- llier Side of Cape Orford. On the 14th, feeing a pretty deep Bay a-head, [ndionn^ Ifiands where I thought we might ride fe- ii!r , we ran in towards the Shore and faw fome k'Oaks. Ac 10 Ji-Clock We faw a Point, wliich kot out pretty well into the Sea, with a Bay with- in which promifed fair for Water v and weftood ^'oL IIL P m v^" \ 11 I !l 1 1 'h V \'\ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I IM 12.5 m ■ 40 ■ 22 •U VIS ■■■ u 2.0 |l-25 ||l.4 ||.6 •• 6" ► 72 ^;. <^\ :> ■> /^ -y '^ c? / Photographic Sdences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14SS0 (716) S72-4S03 4ko pmpp -yVfi. \ vt t',! •'! ,'i ' . 2IO The Inhabitants of Ncw-Guinca. jin. 1699. in, with a moderate Gale. Being got into the Bay V-'^V^v within the Point, we faw many Coco-nut-Trees, Plantations, and Houfes. When I came with: 1 4 or 5 Mile of the Shore, 6 fmall Boats came off lo view us, with about 40 Men in them all. Percei- ving that they only came to view us, and would not come aboard, I made Signs and waved to them to go afliore -, but they did not or would not under- derltand me •, therefore I whiftled a Shot over their Heads out of my Fowling-piece, and then they pull'd away for the Shore, as hard as they couli Thefe were no fooner afhore, but we faw 3 Boats, coming from the Iflands to Leeward of us, anddicy foon came within call •, for we lay becalm'd. One of the Boats had about 40 Men in her, and wasi large well built Boat •, the other 2 were but fmall. Not long after, I faw another Boat coming out of tiuit Bay where I intended to go : She likewife was a lirge Boat, with a high Head and Stern painted, and full of Men •, this I thought came off to fight us, as *tis probable they all did; therefore Hired another fmall Shot over the great Boat that was nigli us, which made them leave their Babling and take to their Paddles. We ftill lay becalm'd ; and therefore they rowing wide of us, direded their Courfe coward the other great Boat that was co- ming oH'; When they were pretty near each other, I caus'd the Gunner to fire u Gun between them, which he did very dextroufly \ it was loadcn witli round and Partridge-fliot i the lalt dropt in m Water lomewhat fhort of them, but the roum Shot went between both Boats, and grazed aboul I GO Yards beyond them •, this fo affrighted them, that they both rowed away for the Shore as tail they could, without coming near each other ;anH the little Boats made the bell of their Way afti them : And now having a gentle Breeze at Southj South-Ealt, we bore into the Bay after caenj The Inhabitants of N. Guinea. 211 When we came by the Point, 1 faw a great Num- An. 1699. ber of Men peeping from under the Rocks : I or- v^OPs^. dered a Shot to be fired clofe by, to fcare them. The Shot graz*d between us and the Point -, and mounting again, flew over the Point, and graz'd a 2(1 Time juit by them. We were obliged to fail along clofe by the Bays ; and feeing iViuIti- tudes fercing under the Trees, I ordered a 3d Gun to be fired among the Coco-nut- Trees, to fcarc them ; fon' my Bufinefs being to Wood and Wa- ter, I thought it neceflary to rtrike fome Terrour into the Inhabitants, who were very numerous, and (by what 1 faw now, and had formerly experi- jencM,) treacherous. After this 1 fent my Boat to found-, they had firft ijo, then 30, and at lalt 20 iFadioin Water. We followed the Bo.at, and came to anchor about a quarter of a Mile from the Shore, in 16 Fathom Water, fine black Sand and Oaze. We rode right againft the Mouth of a fmall River, where I hoped to find frefli Water. Some of the INadves (landing on a fmall Point at the River's [Mouth, I fent a fmall Shot over their Heads to [fright them ; which it did etfedually. In the Af- jternoon I fent my Boat afliore to the Natives who [ftood upon the Point by the River's Mouth with a [Prefent of Coco-nuts *, when the Boat was come par the Shore, they came running into the Water, land pur their Nuts into the Boat. Then I made a [Signal for the Boat to come aboard, and fent both :andihe Yawl into the River to look for frelli W.i- Jer, ordering the Pinnace to lye near the River's lourh, v/hile the Yawl went up to fearch. In an lour's time they returned aboard with fomc Barre- cneis full of frefh Water, which they had taken up jhoiit half a Mile up the River. After which, I Wthem again with Casks v ordering one of them [ofill Water, and the other to watch the Motion of ^'anvcs, lell they fhonld malic any Oppofidon •, P 2 but IJ ki \^ \ I ^ n ** i .1 5- I ' i. i ' rn mitmmmmmm 211 The Inhabitant of ^c\^-G\i\\\t^. 1 . \ k 1-: x li It I ■• 1 ' -i {? I' I! -^w. i^gpbut they did not, and fo the Boats return'd a 'irtlc ^•^^y^^ hefort! Sun-fct with a Tun and half of Water ; and the next Day by Noon brought aboard about 6 Tun of Water. I fcnt afliore Commodities to purchafe Hogs, i^i\ being informed that the Natives have plenty of them, as alfo of Yamms and other good Roots; But my Men returned without getting any thirg that I fent them for •, the Natives being unwilling to trade with us: Yet they admirM our Hatchets and Axes-, but would part with nothing but Coco- nuts •, which they us*d to climb the Trees for; and fo foon as they gave them our Men, they beckon'dto thein to be gone •, for they were much afraid of us. The 1 8 th, I fent both Boats again for Water, and before Noon they had filled all my Casks. In the Afternoon I fent them both to cut Woodi but ft'eing about 40 Natives (landing on the Bay at a final 1 Diflance from our Men, I made a Signal for them to come aboard again -, which they did, and brouf^ht me Word that the Men which we fawon the Bay were pafllng that way, but were afraid to come nigh them. At 4. a Clock I fent both the Boats again for more Wood, and they return'd in the Evening. Then I called my Officers to confult whether it were convenient to (lay here longer, and endeavour a better Acpuaintance with thefe People; or go to Sea. My Defign of tarrying here longer, was, if po(rible, to get fome Hogs, Goats, Yamms or other Roots -, as alfo to get fome Knowledge of the Country and its Produ6l. My. Officers unani- moufiy gave their Opinions, for (laying longer here, So the next Day I fent both Boats afhore again, to Hill and to cut more Wood. While they were a- (liore about 30 or 40 Men and Women pail by riicm ; they were a little afraid of our People at firlt ; hnt upon their making figns of Friendlhipi they pafl by qjietly i the Men finely bedeck'd witli 61 The Inhabitants of New-Guinea. 1 1 \ with Feathers of divers Colours about their Heads, ^»- 1699. and Lances in their Hands ; the Women h.^.d no ^-^V^^ Ornament about them, nor any Thing to cover their Nakedncfs, but a Bunch of Imall green Boughs, before and behind, ftuck under a String which came round their Waftes. They carried large Baskets on their Heads, full of Yamms. And this 1 have obferv'd amongft all the wild Natives I have known, that they make their Women carry the Burdens, while the Men walk before, without any other Load than their Arms and Ornaments. At Noon our Men came aboard with the Wood they had cut, and had catch'd but 6 Fiflies at 4 or 5 Hauls of the Sain, though we faw Abundance of Fifli leaping in the Bay all the Day long. In the Afternoon I fent the Boats alhore for more Wood i and fome of our Men went to the Natives Houfes, and found they were now more fliy than they us'd to be •, had taken down all the Coco- nuts from the Trees, and driven away their Hogs. Our People made Signs to them to know what was be- come of their Hogs, i£c. Thp Natives pointing to fome Houfes in the Bottom of the Bay, and imi- tating the Noife of thofe Creatures, feemd to inti- - mate that there were both Hogs and Goats of fevcr ral Sizes, which they exprefs'd by holding their Hands abroad at feveral Diftances from the Ground. At Night our Boats came aboard with Wood i and the next Morning I went my felf with both Boats up the River to the Watering-place, carrying with me all fuch Trifles and Iron-work as I thought moft proper to induce them to a Commerce with us \ but I found them very fliy and roguiih. I faw but 2 Men and a Boy : One of the Men by fome Signs was periwaded to come to the Boat's Side, where I was i to him I gave a Knife, a String of Beads, and aGUfs-boulci the Fellow call'd out, Cocoi^ Cccos, P 3 pointing ; I •>' i ,;i ''lu^- ! 1 . ; ; ' ■' t ■ 1 ' ■ .; ; i\- 1 ■f- - t M ■, : 1 ' 1 : tV ( .|: 1 ■ ! ' ' i 1 1 ' 1 1 : • 1 1' 4". , . ^ ' . , i ■* ' > ' I, i 1^ 1 ■ 1 "^ I : iiniujv.mijiniK li. ' i' ii rv. i ( l'« ^^i H i ■h I'.t i I i I'. \-i !i ^ Hi. i ■.J -lA^Si 2 1 4 yZ'^ Inhabitants of New Guinea. U». 1699. pointing to a Village hard by, and fignified to uj ^■OT^ that he would go for fome i but he never return'd to us. And thus they had frequently of late ferved our Men. I took 8 or 9 Men with me, and march- ed to their Houfes, which I found very mean \ and their Doors made faft with Withes. I vifited 3 of their Villages •, and finding all the Houf(^s thus abandon'd by the Inhabitants, who carried with them all their Hogs, i^c. I brought out of their Houfcs fome fmall FiHiing-ncts iiiKe- conipcnce for thofe Things they had rtceiv'd of us. As we were coming away, we faw 2 of the Nativesi 1 (hewed them the Things that we carried with us, and called to them, Cocgs^ Cocos, to let them know that I took thefe Things becaufe they had not made good what they had promised by their Signs, and hy their calling out Cocos. While I was thus em- pioy'd, the Men in the Yawl filled 2 Hogfheadsof Water, and all the Barrecocs. About i in the Af- ternoon I came aboard, and found all my Officers and Men very importunate to go to that Bay where the Ho>;s were faid to be. I was loath to yield to ir, fearing they would deal too roughly with theNa- tivee, "By 2 a -Clock in the Afternoon many black Clouds e^athcr'd over the Land, which I tliought would deter tiiem from their Enterprize •, but they roilicitcd me the more to let them go. At laft I confcntcd, fending thofe Commodities I had .iHiore wii: me in the Morning, and giving them a ftricl Charge to deal by fair nv^ans, and to ad cautiouriV for meir own Security. Tlie Bay I fcnt them to was a'oout 2 Miles from the Ship. AlToon as they were gone, I got; all Things ready, that, it 1 hiw Circaiion, 1 might afTill them with my great Guns. Wh"n tliey came to hand, the Natives in great Companies flood to refill them i Ihaking rheir } .ances, and threatning them ; and (ov^c were io dann^j;, as to wade into the Sea, holding a Target in The Inhabitants on the Main of N. Guinea. i \ $ in one Hand and a Lance in the other. Our Men ^»- ^(^99- held up to them fuch Commodities as I had fent, ^^^OT^^ and made Signs of Friendfliip ; but to no PurpoH; ; for the Natives waved them ofF. Seeing therefore they could not be prevailed upon to a friendly Com- merce, my Men, being refolved to have fome Pro- vifion among them, fired fome Muskets to fcare ihem away i which had the defired EfFed upon all but 2 or 3, who ftood flill in a menacing Pofture, till the boldeft dropt his Target and ran away i they fuppos'd he was (hot in the Arm : He and fome others felt the Smart of our Bullets, but none were killM ; our Defign being rather to fright than to kill them. Our Men landed, and found Abun- dance of tame Hogs running among the Hou fes. They fhot down 9, which they brought away, be- fides many that ran away wounded. They had but little Time ; for in lefs than an Hour after they went from the Ship, it began to rain : Wherefore they got what they could into the Boats ; for I had charg'd them to come away if it rain'd. By that Time the Boat was aboard, and the Hogs taken in, it clcar'd up ; and my Men defir'd to make another Trip tiiither before Night i this was about 5 in the Evening •, and I confented, giving them Order to repair on Board before Night. In the Clofe of the Evening they returned accordingly, with 8 Hogs more, and a little live Pig i and by this Time the other Hogs were jerk'd and falted. Thefe than came lail, we only dreft and corn'd till Morning -, and then fent both Boats aftiore for more Refrefh- ments, either of Hogs or Roots : But in the Night the Natives had convey 'd away their Provifions oi all Sorts. Many of them were now about the Houfes, and none ofFer'd to refill our Boats land> iiig, but on the contrary were fo amicable, that one Man brought 10 or 12 Coco-nuts, left them on the Shore after he had fliew'd them to our Men, and P 4 went li r fti uil> i ' , 1 f , i M i: il.i 1 I'l • i^ f, 1 • j 'I 'I '1 ^.^' il ill t 1, 1 ■ - 1 . ; 1 ■ 1 2 T 6 77^6* w/7/» Land of New-Guinea. 'Jn. 1699. -vvcnt out of Sight. Our People finding nothing but ^f^^^V^ Nets and Images, brought fame of them away \ which 2 of my Men brought aboard in a fmallCanoa; and prefently after, my Boats came off. I ordcrM the Boatfwain to take care of the Nets, till we came at fome place where they might be difpofcd of for fome Refrefhment for the Ufe of all the Company; The Images I took into my own Cuftody. In the Afternoon I .'ent the Canoa to the Place from whence fhc had been brought j and in her, 2 Axes, 2 Hatchets (one of them helv'd, j 6 Knives, 6 Lookjng-glafles, a large of Bunch of Beads, and 4 Glafs bottles. Our Men drew the Canoa afliore, placed the Things to the bed Advantage in her, and came oli* in the Finn ice which I fent to guard them. And now being well flock'd with Wood, and ail my Water-casks full, I refolv'd to fail the next Morning. All the Time of our'Stay here, we had verv fair Weather •, only fometirrics in the After- noon we had a Siiowcr of Rain, which lailcd not above an Hour at moft : Alfo fome Thundtr and Lightning, with very little Wind. We had Sea and Land-breezes ; the former between the South- South-F.aft, and the latter from North-Eaft to ! North-Weft. This Place I named Port Mountague^ in Honour cf my noble Patron. It lies in the Latitude of 6 dcg, 10 min. South, and Meridian diftance from Cape St, Gmjr, 151 Miles Weft, the Country hereabouts is niQiiPiainous and woody, full ot ridi Valleys and plea! ant frcfli Water-brooks. The Monk! in the Valleys is deep and yellowiih •, that on the Sidi's of the Hills of a very brown Colour, 2. nd nor very deep, but rocky underneath; yet ex- cellent plantinr; Land. The Trees in general are neither very ftrcight, thick, nor tall *, yet appt-if green and plealiint enough : Some of rheni bore l^lowerss fome BerrieSj and otliers big Fruits i bur TheCoaft of New-Guinea. 217 |$11 unknown to any of us. Coco- nut-Trees thrive An. 1699. very well here •, as well on the Bays by the Sea- fide, ^-O^^NJ as more remote among the Plantations. The Nuts I are of an indifferent Size, the Milk and Kernel ve- jry tliick and pleafant. Here is Ginger, Yamms, and j other very good Roots for the Pot, that our Men {aw and taftedr What other Fruits or Roots the [Country affords, I know not. Here arc Hogs and [Dogs i other Land- Animals we faw none. The Fowls i we Taw and knew, were Pidgeons, Parrots, Cocka- I dores and Crows like thofe in England -^ a Sort of Birds I about the Bignefs of a Black-Bird, and fmaller Birds many. The Sea and Rivers have Plenty of Fifh *, we faw Abundance, though wecatch'd but few, and thefe wereCavallies, Yellow-tails and Whip-rays. We departed from hence on the 2 2d ot March ^ and on the 24th in the Evening we faw fome high Land bearing North- Weft half Weft •, to the Weft of which we could fee no Land, though there ap- peared fomething like Land bearing Weft a little Southerly i but not being fure of it, I fteered Weft- North- Weft all Night, and kept going on with an eafy Sail, intending to coaft along the Shore at a diftance. At i o a Clock I faw a great Fire bearing North- Weft by Weft, blazing up in a Pillar, fome- times very high for 3 or 4 Minutes, then falling quite down for an equal Space of Time •, fometimes hardly vifible, till it blazed up again. I had laid me down having been indifpofed this 3 Days : But upon a Sight of this, my chief Mate called me ; I got up and view*d it for about half an Hour, and knew it to be a burning Hill by its Intervals : I charg'd them te look well out, having bright Moon-light. In the Morning I found that the Fire we had Teen the Night before, was a burning Ifland ; and fteer'd for it. We faw many other Iflands, one !^rge high Illand, and another fmaller, but pretty high. *(•, hi lli ■■1^ hi. L > [ iK» if ,1 I .1 I I li If 1,1 i rt' ! 1 I \ , 1 1 » ■ V i 1- r I ' 1 i I 1. '! "fe. :. I 21 s ' yf turning I fie, Jm. 1700 high. I flood near the Vukano^ and many fmall i/VN, low Iflands with fome Shoals. March the 25th 1700, in the Evening wc ame within 3 Leagues of this Burning-hill, being at the fame Time 2 Leagues from the Main. I found a good Channel to pafs between them, and kept near- er the Main than the Ifland. At 7 in the Evening I founded, and had 52 Fathom fine Sand and Oazc. I ilood to the Northward to get clear of thij Streight, having but little Wind and fair Weather, The Ifland all Night vomited Fire and Smoak very amazingly j and at every Belch we heard a dreadful Noife like Thunder, and {\iw a Flame of Fire after it, the moft terrifying that ever I faw. The Inter- vals between its Belches, were about half a Minute; fome more, others lefs : Neither were thefe Pulks or Eruptions alike ; for fome were but faint Con- vulfions, in Comparifon of the more vigorous-, yet even the weakeft vented a, great deal of Fire ; but the largeft made a roaring Noife, and fent up a large Hame 20 or 30 Yards high -, and then might be feen a great Stream of Fire running down to die Foot of the Ifland, even to the Shore. From the Furrows made by this defcending Fire, we could in the Day Time fee great Smoaks arife, which pro- bably were made by the fulphureous Matter thrown out of the Funnel at the Top, which tumbling down to the Bottom, and there lying in a Heap, burn'd till cither confumed or extinguiflied ; and as long as it burn*d and kept its Hettt, fo long the Smoak afcended from it •, which we perceived to in- crcafe or de.creafe, according to tlie Quantity of Matter difcharged fronj the iFunnel. Bat the next Night, bein^ fliot to the Wefliward of the Burning- Ifland, and Die Funnel of it lying on the Souih-fide, J * 1 1 we could not difcern the Fire there, as wc aicl tne Smoak in the Day when we were to the Southward of it. Th.'s Vulcang lies in the Latitude of 5 ^H 33 mm I: 1:1 1 • ; i'*' iv ' I 1 i t/t' r rr 1 1- ! 1 5 J i'- '; J'l. ji':M '■: i I T^/ III. Art t J>»»>f«-'i l^^tf^ye ««>»^ I/Undj any Ca^ of y c^^^ :r JJ w WyZ. ■MmhmAkm-^^^- Thtu jh»w$Jj WlrtuU wUnjrour thy SJkrt afySntmnu ofCtf'i^y jrU^kSryl ^y^ :Yi w'./X ^S b £ lol iiiii//MmM'Mwmm:^^'^>^^^^>^^ ^tgSS^^^m^^tt^a^^ J. W. b. Wj^ ttf. whSji ..M'///Mi\\\Us\^<^\.. ■J ssw^ -u^ez. WbS ^ S./l urb.J. nX. w XXj;JS^Z. ?\ h W ^l' S.W.b.H^ 'A new Tajfage, 219 Ijmin. South, and Meridian diftancc from Cape ifi». 1700/ It. Gforp^ :?32 Miles Well. i-^^VN^ f The Kaftcrmoft Part of New-Guinra lies 40 Miles the Weft ward of this IVaft of Land •, and by lydrographcrs they are made ioyning together : |ui here I found an Opening and Pafllige between, pth many Iflands •, the largell of which lye on the Jorth-fidc of this Paflage or Sircight. The Chan- I is very good, between the Iflaiuls and the Lan4 the taftward. The Eafl-part of New-Cuinrc^ hi^hanil mountainous, ending on the North-halt irith a large Promontory, which I nam'd King JVi!^ m's Cape, in Honour of his prefent Majefty. We iw fome Smoaks on it \ and leaving it on our I ,ar- oard-fide, fteerM away near the Eaft Land ; which ndswith two remarkable Capes or Heads, diftant bm each other about 6 or 7 Leagues. Within ich Head were two very remarkable Mountains, fcending very gradually from the Sea-fide •, which ^forded a very pleafant and agreeable Profped. The Mountains and lower Land were pleafantly iiixt with Wood-Land and Savannahs.' The Trees kppcared very green and flourifhing ; and the wvannahs feem'd to be very fmooth and e- N •, no Meadow in England appears more green the Spring, than thefe. We faw Smoaks, but lid not drive to anchor here j but rather chofe get under one of the Iflands, (where I thought I ^ould find few or no Inhabitants, j that I might re- pair my Pinnace, which was fo crazy that I could Rot venture afhore any where with her. As we lood over to the Iflands, we look'd out very well |o the North, but could fee no Land that way ; V which I was well aflur'd that we were got through, m that this Eaft- Land does not join to Nez^'-Gni- thercfore I named it I^ovci-Britannui. The ^orih-Weft Cape, I called Cape Gluiejhr, and the South- W'jft.pQint Cape Jnne ♦, and the North-Weft Mountain, < \ H I!'. .1 '11' \ h\ ■/■-' : ' ' '•,/'■'. HfH^iimw'!^.'' t! ; r ; HI \ 1 •* ■ ■ 5lt'!^ f^ ! ;t!'l' I 1,1; I 1 :!i ill ' 1 .k ij ^- 1 ii't. i t'VW h I \ >f "4 *■' n';^ t 1- < li'U,-, ' 1' ■ ■ ■>:''. i t t 220 Nova-Britannia, ne Coaji of N. Guinea. \4n. 1 700. Mountain, which is very remarkable, I call'il ' ^ Mout Glocefter. This Ifland which I called Nova-Britannia^ J about 4 deg. of Latitude : The Body of it lying ij 4 deg. and the Northermoft part in 2 deg. 3oiniii, and the Southermoft in 6 deg. 30 min. South. 1? has about 5 deg. 18 min. Longitude from Eaft tol Weft. It is generally high, mountainous Land, mixt with large Valleys *, which, as well as tie Mountains, appeared very fertile •, and in moft Places that we faw, the Trees are very hirgc, ul and thick. It is alfovery wey inhabited withftrong well-limb*d Negroes, whom we found very daricgl and bold at feveral Places. As to the Product of it,] 1 know no more than what I have faid in my Ac- count of Port Mcuntague: But it is very probable this Ifland 'may afford as many rich Corpmodities as any in the World -, and the Natives may beeafi- ly brought to Commerce, though I could not pre- tend to it under my prefent Circiimflances. Being near the Ifland to the Northward of the Viilcano, I fent my Boat to found, thinking to an- chor here ; but flie return*d and brought me Word that they had no Ground, till they met wichaKif of Coral Rocks about a Mile from the Shore. Then I bore away to the North-fide of the Ifland, uh'^re we found no ancliorino- neither. We faw fevail People, and fome Coco-nut-Treeb, but could not fend afliore for want of my Pinnace which wasoi-t of order. In the Evening I ftood off to Sea, to be at fuch a diftance, that I might not be driven by any Current upon the Shoals of this Ifland, if it Hioiild prove calm. We had but little Wind, efpeaiii? the- Beginning of the Night -, but in the Mornins^ found my fclf fo far to the Weft of thcTdand, rh-C the Wind being at Isaft-South-l^aft, 1 could rx: fetch it i where for:.' I kept on to the Soutlwird, find ftemm*d with the Body of a high Ifland ahoii5 iiot| t i ^ , I ' ^ I!' [ T 1 s 1, ^'' . "i; ' ' ' 1 it i ^^ i [ T^l.Jir. Jkrtr X .Da/m^ . lay. XaHi XXV. lAandi en tfu C^ of JN Guinea SJS.h.X.^Z ^S. W.l\7/. i^W. t.WJ;W. dvfl/X. ^^■iW.il\ ^ *:^A^ 17TT SShJ. 7 J, J. J.X. to X jj.:e /X. //^JMiim JW.rWl W.b.J.'^X. Jj.wil. ry S. S.S. tcX J kX JWiS.?X. W. h.J. ^J.nX. ^anci4 ^.'^. J.W.j/X. W.^ J^.iaZ. JP. 4.x 7he Coaft of New Guinea. 221 * I' whvi' |j or 12 Leagues long, lying to the Southward oiAn. i7cx>. ^at which I before defigned for. I named this ^"^'^'^ land Sir George Rook*s Ifland. We alfo faw fome other Iflands to the Weftward ; thich may be better feen in my Draught of thefe mds, than here defcribed. But feeing a very lall Ifland lying to the North-Weft of the long land which was before us, and not far from it •, 1 lecr'd away for that ; hoping to find anchoring kre : And having but little Wind, I lent my Boat efore to found j which, when we were about 2 liles diftancc from the Shore, came on Board and rought me Word that there was good anchoring in |o or 40 Fathom Water, a Mile from the Ifle, and pithin a Riff of the Rocks which lay in a half loon, reaching from the North-part of the Ifland Id the South-Eaft •, fo at Noon we got in and an- chored in 3ear'd very pleafant, having Spots of green Savao- nahs mixt among the Wood-land: The Trees ap- peared very green and flourifliing, and feme of them looked white and full of Bloflbms. We paft clofe by Crown- Ifle ; faw many Coco-nut-Trees on the Bays and the Sides of the Hills •, and one Boat was coming off from the Shore, but return'd again. We faw no Smoaks on either of the Iflands, neither did we fee any Plantations j and it is probable they' arc not ^7ery well peopled. We faw many Shoalji near Crown-Jfland^ and Riffs of Rocks running cl from the Points, a Mile or more into the Sea. Mjj Boat was once over- board, with DcfiQ;n to have lent her afliore ; but having little Wind, and feeing feme Shoals, I hoifted her in again, and fl:ood off out of Danger. In the Afternoon, feeing an Ifland bearing North* Weft by Wefl:, we fl:eer*d away North-Weft by North, to be to the Northward of it. The next Morning, being about Mid-way from the Iflands we left Yefl:erday, and having this to the Well- ward of us \ the Land of the Main of New Guim wiciiin us to the Southward, appear'd very high. When wc came within 4 or 5 Leagues of diis Ifland to the Weil of us, 4 Boats came off to view us; one came within call, but return'd with the others without fpcaking to us : So we kept on for the I- fland •, which I named Sir R. Rich's Ifland. It was prctr/ higli, woody, and mixt with Savannah's like thofe formerly mentioned. Being to the North ot ir, wc fa\/ an Opening bci:ween it and another Ifl^n" 2 Ltagucs to thfj Weil of it, which before appeai'd The Coajl of New- Guinea. 22 j III in One. The Main feemed to be high Land, -^». 1700. (rending to the Weftward. \y\^^ On fuejik) the 2d of Aprils about 8 in the Morn- ^g, we difcovered a high peeked Ifland to the Veftward, which feem'd to fmoak at its Top, The ^ext Day we paft by the North-fide of the Burning ^and, and faw a Smoak again at its Top ; but the i^ent lying on the South-fide of the Peek, we could jiot obferve it difliindtly, nor fee the Fire. We af- ferwards opened 3 more Iflands, and fome Land to k Southward, which we could not well tell whe- k: it were Iflands or Part of the Main. Thefe I- ands are all high, full of fair Trees and Spots of rreen Savannahs ♦, as well the Burning Ifle as the fefti but the Burning Ifle was more round and peek'd at Top, very fine Land near the Sea, and for two Thirds up it. We alfo faw another Ifle lending forth a great Smoak at once ; but it foon milhed, and we faw it no more. We faw alfo a- [long theie Iflands 3 fmall Vefiels with Sails, which the People on ISIova Britannia feem wholly igno- rant of. I The I ith at Noon, having a very good Obferva- Ition, I found my felf to the Northward of my iReckoning •, and thence concluded that we had a 'arrenc fetting North-Wefl:, or rather more Wefl- fcrly, as the Land lies. From that Time to the [hext Morning, we had fair clear Weather, and a fine moderate Gale from South-Eaft to Eafl. by [North : But at Day-break, the Clouds began to fly, and it lightned very much in the Eaft, South- Eaft, and North-Eaft. At Sun-rifing, the Sky look'd very red in the Eaft near the Horizon ; and Ithere wmg many black Clouds both to the South and North of it. About a Quarter of an Hour af- ter the Sun was up, there was a Squall to the Wind- [ward of us ; when on a fuddcn one of our Men on the i: ^^^:l I' I \ . ■' i 1! ' lliil i i i; i Iff' I ! ! I . i ' 'i! > • i ■ ' ■ U I '1 '■:'■■ I i^ : Mr.' i''ir^ nV/V.. .«.. .11 rt ■III MM-iatrf — i«i5r(Tt' 1 243 Miles. S. Jo/j^'s Ifle lies 48 Miles to the Eaft of Cape St. George \ which being added to the Didance between Cape St. G^or^^ and Cape Mabo^ makes 1291 Meridional Parts ; which was the furtheil that I was to the Eaft. In my outward bound Voyage I made Meridian diftance between Cape Maho and Cape St. George^ 1290 Miksj and now in my Return, but 1243 ; which is 47 fhortof| my diftance going out. This Difference may pro- bably be occafion'd by the ftrong Weftern Current I which we found in our Return, which I allowed for after I perceiv'd it ; and though we did not difcern any Current when we went to the Eaftward, except when near the lOands ; yet it is probable we had one againft us, though we did not take Notice of itbe- cauie of the llrong Wefterly Winds. King WiM {i?ii's lOand lies in the Latitude of 21 Min. South,] and may be feen diftinftly off of Cape Maho. In the Evening we paft by Cape Mabo; and after- wards ftecrVl away South-Eaft, half Eaft, keepingl alone; the Siiore, which here trends South-eafterlv, • • • 1 I The n^^xr Morning feeing a large Opening in the 1 and, with an Ifland near the South-fide •, I ftood ".n, thinking to anchor there. When wewereftot ui wiihin z Lc;^gucs of the Ifland, the Wind came 10 -i-^'^NMr ■!■ !> .. '■it H The Coaji of New-Guinca. 227 b the Weft, which blows right into the Opening. ^». 1700; I itood to the North Shore •, intending, when I '-^^^^^ Came pretty nigh to fend my Boat into the Opening, ind iound, before I would adventure in. We found fevcral deep Bays, but no Soundings within 2 Miles of the Shore ; therefore I ftood oH:' jgain. Then feeing a Ripling under our Lee, I lent my Boat to found on it ; which return'd in Iialf an Hour, and brought me Word that the Rip- ping W6 faw was only a Tide, and that they had no Jround there. >.'. i\ I '; • 1 I , I I. ' 11- h! ii, ;i,rf'^ il:: 1 1 ; . •' niiS:, CI* CHAP. ■I: A \ n '0\,j L mkmYtU\ \.-ta'»/^iJimejHi w. ■,M :■ V ,1 > ^i.i \u '■' (■'• \\ i '''^ II ni 11 S Tke Coajl of New-Guinea.' An, 1700. •X' xy CHAP. V. The A's return from tht Coajl of New- Guinea. A deep chmii. btrange lidei. Ihi Ijland CaiM dejcribed. StrAtiiihulA The JJIandt Bonao, Bouro, Mifacombi, Pentarc, Laubau, ■ andVooto. Ihe PaJJ'agt htween Vcnxurc and L^whim. Ui\ Jjland Timor. Bihzo Bay. The Ifland KoXXt. A/on //jdi tkan are ccmmonly laid down in the Draughts. Urttt i.ur.\ rend. Whales. Coaji of New-Holland. The TryalRocki, The Ccaft of Java Princes Ifle. Streights of hmiii. '\hsn\'\ the way Ijland. Indian Proes, and their Trajfick. Vi\}i^\ through the Streight, Arrival at Bauvia. TH E Wind feeming to incline to Eaft, asi might be expeded according to the Seaibnof the Year •, I rather chofe to Hiape my Courle as thcfi! Winds would bed permit, than ftrivc to rcturii| the fame way we came ; which, for many Leagues, mull have been againft this Monfoon : Though in- deed oh the other hand, the Dangers in that way, wc already knew j but what might be in this, byl which we now propofed to retur 1, we could not tdl. We were now in a Channel about 8 or 9 Leagu wide, having a Range of Iflands on the Noith-iiQe,| and another on the South-fide, and very deep ^Va•| ter between, fo that we had no Ground. The22(l| of Jpril in the Morning, I fent my Boat alhore to an Ifland on the North-fide, and flood that waj^ with the Ship. They found no Ground till wii a Cable's length of the Shore, and then had Cor:J Rocks i fo that they could not catch any FiHiJ though they faw a great many. They brougliij aboard a fmall Canoa, which they found a-dritc They met with no Game afhorc, fave only oneprtyj coloured Parrakite. The Land is of an inditierenj Heighi I I tm ' ,1 , 1 H i It 1 ! i 1 , i in i *^ i;i ^/'' M < I ''■■ i I ' I i' h* ^1 ■■! I 'I tW IJJ Purr X -A/////', /j^. T«yU XV Gilolo andotherJflafuij iyfwjjn it , d Ihjt,. ■ II I > tz. ^'hX , J $iZ ^JSX »,iLjjJt ttntt U^ i rd tf'it j>/:^wA w yZ SWlkftafOtJoJo ^XS 'iilll UMtft. thu wmj ttJC4n Mt arte* fimmy pMftut^ tin*. ^ btnj yj w JUrti E ^-^ftl ,iV* rS^ .A^'^ yW WilfUv i««^SS!*c«<\\\« \«( £ont at t^^j^M^dtfut^. th4H,it»*r J. W. ^Jttltj aty jtunt ttm* ^^^a/^ji/f^/i^yjMMiyyd^t6'My/ieiifAMi/iy;'All^4i^ CV/>^ w^*!! J.X. b.J. ^Z. ^immf'inm A^#m\: Thus Jh*u»*th th*.J/.Uf..Bitrt cri C^XAtn. ih*J/t.3irnA andthi- Id. that Uyi to -the J^uthu^utL of 3ofiA S^3ouro. Jfc|| dd^'^^ ^ >i S-^ SS^»ft^\\4-\vv«.A\'.^''v Stravge Tides, 220 Height ; very Rocky, yet cloathcd with tall Trees, ^"^ 1700. whole bare Roots run along upon the Rocks. Our ^-OPs^ People faw a Pond of Salt Water, but t'ound no frclh. Near this Ifland wc met a pretty ftrong Tide, but found neither Tide nor Current off at fome diftance. On the 24th, being about 2 Leagues from an I- fland to the Southward of us, we came over a Shoal on which wc had but 5 Fathom and a half. Wc did not defcrie it, rill we faw the Ground un- der us. In lefs than half an Flour before, the Boat had been founding in difcolourcd Water, but had no Ground. We mann'd the Boat prefently, and tow'd the Ship about i and then founding, had 12, 15 and 17 Fathom, and then no Ground with our Hand-lead. The Shoal was rocky ; but in 12 and It Fathom we had oazy Ground. We found here very (Irange Tides, that ran in j Screams, making a great Sea •, and roaring fo loud, that we could hear them before they came within a Mile of us. The Sea round about them fcem'd all broken, and toffed the Ship fo that flie would not lafifwcT her Helm. Thefe Riplings commonly lad- ed 10 or 12 minutes, and then the Sea became as Hill and fmoorh as a Mill-pond. We founded often when in the midft of them, and afterwards in the fmooth Water *, but found no Ground, nei- ther could we perceive that they drove us any I way. Wc had in one Night feveral of thefe Tides, [that came moft of them from the Welt i and the [Wind being from that Quarter, we commonly Iheard them a long time before they came i and fometimes lowered our Top-fails, thinking it was h Guft of Wind. They were of great length from INorth to South, but their breadth not exceeding [200 Yards, and they drove a great pace : For though we had little Wind to move us, yet thefe Q^ 3 would I <•.' r'\-\ \ 1 I 2 30 The Ijland Ccram. ^rf». 1700. would foon pafs away, and leave the Water very ^^^1^ fmooth i and juft before we encountred them, wc met a great Swell, but it did not break. The 26th we law the Ifland Ceram •, and ftill met fome Riplings, but much fainter than thofe we had the 2 preceeding Days. We fail'd along the Ifland Ceram to the Weft ward, edging in withal, to fee if peradventure we might find a Harbour to anchor in, where we might water, trim the Ship, and re- frefh our Men. In the Morning we faw a Sail to the North of us, fteering in for the Weft-end ot Ceram^ as we likewife were. In the Evening, being near the Shore on the North-fide of the Ifland, I ftoodoff to Sea with an eafy Sail •, intending to ftand in for the Shore in the Morning, and try to find Anchor- ing, to fill Water, and get a little Fifh for rcfrcOi- ment. Accordingly in the Morning early, I ftood in with the North- Weft-point of Ceram j leaving a fmall Illand, called Bonao^ to the Weft. The Sail we faw the Day before, was now come pretty nigh us, fleering in alfo (as we did ^ between Ccram and Bonao. I ihortned Sail a little for him ; and when he got a-breaft of us, not above 2 ?4ilcs off, I lent my Boat aboard. I: was a D///r^ Sloop, coniefrom 'Terranate, and bound for Amboyna : My Men whom I fent in the Boat, bought 5 Bags of new Rice, each containing about 130 pounds, for 6 Sianifi Dolhrs. The Sloop had many rare Parrois aboard for Sale*, which did not want price, A jVLilayan Merchant aboard, told our Men, that! about 6 Months ago he was at Bencoia, and at that] time the Governour cither dyed or was kilt'd, and that the Commander of an Englifo Siiip then mj fharRoad fucceedcd to that Government. In the Afternoon, having a Breeze at Nortni and North-North-Kaft, I fent my Boat to found, and iUnding uitcT \\qx with the Ship, anchored in 3c Fa- 1 ^.i . ''':i m i.'ii'i s ' ;Mv ^B^ •■ t .^r^w, as we , u< \ '■ '1 ^*^»'• 1: ;, :! ir t 1 Pr f: v I' if lil': i \d ^ ii:;- If Iflili ^! fei^ W,l I > ■ 1 1 1 ■•■ i t. 1 '■ ' 1 ,4. 1 i i 1 .1 i ■ ^1 ?'l 1 ') . J '. ) I 1 1 . ■ it. I I r^/ JZr Ikrt X ^a^mp. /^. Catu-t of i\Cf «/ Cuirut. A Siitttly XmnJ, ifoudjvund on tfhe Coast- of ^uf Cuima. J^scrihtd A Stranae Jlfund. Joud rhund on iht, JstAnd Centm. Mf Strange Fowls, 131 !^o Fathom Water oazy Sand, half a Mile from the-^". no®. Shore, right againft a fmall River of frelh Water. '^^^VN.^ The next Morning I fent both the Boats afhore to Fifh; they returned about 10 a-Clock, with a few Mullets and 3 or 4 Cavallies, and fome Pan-Fifh. We found Variation here, 2 deg. 15 min. Eaft. When the Sea was fmooth by the Land- Winds, we fent our Boats afhore for Water ; who, in a few Turns, filled all our Casks. The Land here is low, fwampy and woody ; the Mould is a dark Grey, friable Earth. Two Rivers came out within a Bow-lhot of each other, juil oppofite to the place where we rode : One comes right down out of the Country ; and the o- ther from the South, running along by the Shore, not Mufquet-fhot from the Sea- fide. The Norther* mod; River is biggeft, and out of it we filled our Water \ our Boats went in and out at any time of Tide. In fome places the Land is overflown with frefh Water, at full Sea. The Land hereabouts is full of Trees unknown to us, but none of them very large or high \ the Woods yield many wild Fruits and Berries, fuch as I never faw elfewhere. We met with no Land- Animals. The Fowls we found, were Pidgeons, Parrots, Cockadores, and a great number of fmall Birds unknown to me. One of the Mafler*s Mates killed 2 Fowls as big as Crows •» of a black Colour, excepting that the Tails were all white. Their Necks were pretty long, one of which was of a SafFron-colour, the o- ther Black. They had very large Bills, much likcv a Rams-horn \ their Legs were flrong and Short, a.-Kl their claws like a Pidgeon's ; their Wings of an ordinary length : Yet they make a great Noife when they fly, which they do very heavily. They feed on Berries, and perch on the highefl Trees. Their I'lefh is fweet ; I faw fome of the fame Species at Niw^Guinea^ but no where elfe» Q^ 4 May I n -I H ' '■ ff V t t 1 1' •* 1 \ ' \ ■ it . ; k-.t 1 ' I" 1 II ■I' 'jl *'i 23 a ^n. 1700. The IJlands Bonao and Bouro. Mci); the 3d, at 6 in the Morning we weighed, intending to pals between Bonao and Ceram •, but preienily after we got under Sail, we iaw a prettv large i-*roe coming about the North- Wefl-point of Ccram. Wherefore I flood to the North to fpeak with her, putting aboard our Enfign. She fedn^ us coming that way, went into a fmall Creek, and skulked behind a Point a while : At lall difcovcr- ing her again, I fent my Boat to fpeak with hen but the Proe row'd away, and would not come nigh it. After this, finding I could not pafs between Bofi^To and Ceram^ as I purpofed > I (teer'd away to the North of it. This Bonao is a fmall Ifland, lying about 4 Leagues from the North-Wefl Point of Ceram, I was inform'd by rlie Dutch S\oo^ before-mentioned, that notwithflanding its fmallnefs, it hath one fine River, and that the Dutch are there fettled. \Vhc. ther there be any Natives on it, or not., 1 Is now not, nor what its Produce is. They furd^cr laid, thai the Ccramcrs were their mortal Enemies •, yet t!ut they were fettled on the Weftermofl Point of Ctrd% m fpite of the Natives. Ihc next Day, as we approach'd the Ifiand B'-u- ro, there came off from it a very fragrant Sant, much like that from King U^illiam's Ifland -, and we found fo fbrong a Current fetting to the Wefcrd, that we could Icarce (tern it. We plied to get to the Southward, intending to pafs between Boum'^i In the Evening, being near the Wefl"-end of Bouro, we law a Brigantine to the Nortli-Wcft ol ny, on the North-fide of Bouro, flanding to tiie Eaflward. I would not fland Eaft or Weft ior fl^ar of comings nigh the Land which was en each fide of ub, I'/.-r. Bouro on the Weft, and Ked{i% on the Eaft. The next Morning we found ourleives -m Mid-channel bwt\veen both Iflands j and having J-3 tim Art 3.jP^fn/;./oy. ,, vtrr 3oux\>anJ.cth4rJ/landjh^tu^enitaniiA.sn\>o \y I. \ 1*", h.S.j'X. Thtij Jhturs tht, JHt. Amlrolow and JBourc af tfu/i ^^aptna^ v\#S^^S&W^~.^NN^^\\^^^^i4x A\ ^^^^ j^.CV^Tl^.^Z. Uv 'J IS X.^J.ioL. -Am ho J.S.yX J SX.7Z J j;i:.8z. it thi/i 3^artnaj Sk^uJifthj^ JM.Amba andyJ/tatuLs ajyvu-j^e toySattth IWe/tward^rfif. \vi>^nZ. wmms T^' \*>uiAxnho'aj vauHt'. ':r\\i^\ ha (■ ■' I Itil. ■ r ■.! i ■ t • ■f I* r Ml t/j/y — : 1 : i M {'. 'A ..! if ¥ V ' V fV '^ 'ii^feii^MlH m^n ?ft :*(: '!; ■ i ! J 1 ■ ;t i IM I !f V L The Ijland 'Zowio. 235 leWind at South- Weft we fteer'd South-South- -t' i„j J We coalltd along the Ifland Timor, intending touch ar Bdao, to get a little Water and Rc- iclhmcnts. I would not go into the Bay where K M\ waterM, becaufe of the Cuirents which berc whirl about very ftrangely, efpccially at pring tides, which were now letting in ; bcfidcs. heSouth-Eafl: Winds come dov/n in Flaws from the loantains, fo that it would have been very dange- hus for U3. Wherefore wc crowded all the Sail we kould, to get to Babao before Night, or at lea it to k Sight of the Tandy Ifland at the Entrance of the Jay i but could not. So we plied all Night •, and lie next Morning entered the Bay. There being good Ground all over this Bay, wc nchorcd at 2 a Clock in 30 Fathom Water, foft bazy Ground. And the Morning after I fent my Joac a(hore with the Sain ro filh. At Noon flie re- jrn'd and brought enough for all the Ship's Com- pany. They law an Indian Boat at a round rocky Liiid about a Mile from them. On the 2 2d, I fent my Boat afhore again to Bill: At Noon fhe return'd with a few Pirn, which ^trv'd me and my Officers. They catch'd one ^Vhircing, the firft I had feen in thefe Seas. Our People went over to the rocky Ifland, and there [found fcvcral Jarrs of I'urtle, and fome hanging op a drying, and fome C.loaths i their Boat was a- bour a Mile olF, ftriking Turtle. Our Men left all ithey found. In the Afternoon a very large Shark Came under our Stern ; 1 never had feen any near Ifo big b'.iore. I put a Piece of Meat on a Hook Jor him, l.nt he went a-Stern and return*d no more. [About iviid-niglit, the Wind being pretty moderate, wtigh'd and ftood into the Bottom of the Bay, M ran over nearer the South Shore, where I Nught to lye and Water, and at convenient Times get n i\ ;-lr i i H 1 1 fj' !i. 1 'I ( ' H h ■ I H 'V t'hi' '(. rfi' ■It 2 3 S The Ifland Tiinor. Fault of the T>rau^hu, Am. 1700 get Fi(h for our Rcfrcfhment. The next Mormnffl ^^^V^ 1 lent my Pinnace with 2 Hof^llieads and 10 BarJ rccoes for Water i they returnM at Noon with the! Casks full of Water, very thick and muddy, buJ iweet and good. Wc found Variaiion> k mini Well. Tljis Afternoon, finding that the Breezes werefd in here, and that it blew lo hard that I could neithti fifh nor fill Water without much Difficulty andHaJ zard of the Boat •, I refolved to be gone, having good Quantity of Water aboard. Accordingly ac half an Mour after 2 in the Morning we weighed with the Wind at Kalt by South, and Hood to Sal "We coalled along by the Ifland Roit(\ which is higJ Land, fpotted with Woods and Savannahs. Thjl Trees appear'd fmall and Ihrubby, and the SaJ vannahs ary and rully. All the North-fidc hi fandy Bays by the Sea. We faw no Houles no Plantations. The next Day we crowded all the Sail we couldl to get to the Weft of all the Ides before Night, biitj could not; for at 6 in the Evening we faw Land bearing South-Weft by Weft. For here arc more Iflands than are laitl down in any Draughts that! have leen. Wherefore I was obligM to make al more Wcftcrly Courfe than I intended, till I judg'dl we might be clear of the Land. And when we| were fo, I could eafily perceive by the Ship's Motic For till then, being under the Lee of the Shore, wej had fmooth Water •, but now we had a troubledl Sea which made us dance luftily. This rurbulentl Sea, was occafion'd in Part by the Current ; which! fetting out flanting againft the Wind, was by it rai* fed into fhort cockling Seas. I did indeed expe(^ al South- Weft Current here, but not fo very ltrong| as wc found it. ' ■ t \'i A¥ f t:' Strange Currents. JVhales. 2 j ^ On the 26th we continued to have a very ftrong^w «70O' urrcnt letting Soathw:\?:c\';/-/- ''/.',•.'••:: a v, pich is a pretty iiigh long Ifland ; but beibie f i, )e Wind turned, and prelently afterward it fell tilm, I was then about 2 Leagues from the Jaid land, and, having a llrong Current againll us, do'c Day we were driven ailcrn 4 or 5 Leagues, the Morning we had the Wind at North-North- ?eft-, it look'd black and the W^ind unfettled : So It I could not expeft to get through. I therefore |ood toward the Java Shore, and at 10 anchored Fathom Water, black oazy Cj round, 3 ^ "igucs h-om the Shore. I founded in tb.e Nlghc lien i[ was calm, and had 54 Eathuni, coarfe Sand M Coral. lii the Afternoon before, we had (ccn many roes; but none came olf to us -, and in the Night law many Fires afliore. This Day a large Proe It aboard of us, and lay by our Side an iiour. k\x were only 4 Men in her, ail Javians^ who |VcL. III. R fpokc I':! It Ti ■ ill' ...,^. I i f ra *'H • -i' 1- h-i ■''■ ! t I ,^ ■! 1 1| '■ 242- Streights of Sunda.^ An. 1700 fpokc the Malayan Language. They askMifwe ^■''^"^ were Enn'Jh •, I unfwered, we were -, and prefently one of them came aboard, and prefented meu'itha fmall lien, fome Kggs and Coco-nuts ; for which I gave fome Beads and a fmall Looking-Glafs, and! fome Glafs-Bottles. They alfo gave me fome Su- g.ir-canes, which I diftributed to fuch of my Men as were fcorbutick. They told me there were 3 ErM'lfb Ships at Batavla. The 2Sth at 2 in the Afternoon we anchored inl 26 Fathom Water ; prefently it fell calm and began! to rain very violently, and fo continued from 3 tilll 9 in the Evening. At i in the Morning we weigh'dl with a fine Land-wind at South-South-Eaft; but prefently the Wind coming about at Eaft, we anl chored •, for we commiOnly found the Current fet] ting Weft. If at any Time it turn'd, it was fof weak, that it did us little good ; and I did nc think it fafe to venture through without a pretr brisk leading Gale ; for the Pallage is but narrow] and 1 knew not what Dangers might be in the way] nor how the Tide fets in the Narro\. , having nof been this way thefe 28 Years, and all my Peopll wholly Strangers : We had the Opening fair ' fore us. While we lay here, 4 Malayan Proes came frod the Shore, laden with Coco-nuts, Plantains, BonsI noes. Fowls, Ducks, Tobacco, Sugar, ^c Thej were very welcome, and we purchafed mudiRj frelhment of them. At 10 a-Clock I difmifs'd, the Boats, and weigh'd with the Wind at Nort Wcfb. At half an Hour paft 6 in the Evenini we anchored in 3 2 Fathom Water in a coarfe Soj of Oaze. We were now pall the Ifland ^hm th^-wcn^ but had ftill one of the fmall lilands' p.ds. The Tide begun to run llrong to the Weil whicii obliged me to anchor while i had Sounding for Fear of being driven back again or on lomeuj kncT i: Streights of Sunda. 245'' |hown Sand. I lay ftill all Night. At 5 a Clock -^»' 1700, I the next Morning, the Tide began to fiacken : At^'^'^^ 6, I weig'd with the Wind at South-Eaft by Eaft, jahandfom Breeze. We juft weather'd the BiittGn j land ibunding feveral Times, had ftilJ between 30 and 40 Fathom. When we were abreall of the Biit-^ tw, and about 2 Leagues from the Wefterj-nofi: [point of y^zi'^, we had 34 Fathom, fmall Peppery [Sand. You may either come between this Illand and JrtW, or, if the Wind is Northerly, run out [between the Ifland T^h'^art-the-wa^ and this lad fmall lllland Th Wind for the mofc Part being at Eaft and iaftby South, I was obliged f^ run over towards |the Smnalm Shore, founding as I went, and had from 34 to 23 Fathom. In the Evening I founded pretty quick, being got near the Sjfmatra Shore j fnd, finding a Current fctting to the Weft, between and 9 a-Clock we anchored in 34 Fathom. The ride fet to the Weft from 7 in the Evening to 7 his Morning *, and then, having a imall Gale at 7eft-South-Weft, 1 weigh'd and Itood over to the UVd Shore. In the Evening having the Wind between Eaft- Jcrth-Eaft and South-Eaft by Eaft, we could not feep off the Java Shore. Wherefore 1 anchored in [7 Fathom Water, about a League and a half off pore. At the fame Time we faw a Ship at anchor lear the Shore, about 2 Mile to Leeward of us. We found the Tide fetting to the Weftward, and Tcfently after we anchored it fell calm. We lay all Night, and Hiw many Fires aftiore. At 5 next Morning, being Jiil^ the ift-, we weigh'd [ndlioodto the North for a Sea-breeze : At 10 the ind coming out, I tack'd and had a fine brisk wif. The Ship we faw at anchor, weigh'd alfo i llood after us. While we paft by Puio Bab'j^ I W Ibunding, and had no Icfs than 14 Fathom. R 2 The '\ W w ':i- ri .■"V (?p )Yt ■ I .... 1 1. * ^ ',1' - t'l^ a m ■ ■ J* '^ I " 1. WIW I'h '\U it I i ! t ■') ; i , ■:l ■;f '^■r ■if 1 ' ''1 i. i ' . ■■ ! 1 ''fi' 2.J.4 Str eights of Sun da.' ^n. I -00 The other Ship coming atLcr us with aU the Sajlfn* U^Y^^ couhl make, 1 fliortncd Sail on Purpofe that ft? nvght overtake us, but fhe did not. A little, alter 5, 1 ancliored in 13 Fathom good oa/.y Grountt. i Abov:t 7 in the Evening, the Ship that rollovveii us, pall by dole under our Stern \ flie was a ]kuh\ lly-boat -, they told us they came directly troni IlulldihU ''^'"^''^ had been in their PafTage fix IMunths, It was now dark, and the Diitcb Ship anchored! within a Mile of us. I ordered to look out Ikrp Inthj Morning ; thit fo foon as ihcDmchMx^h- gaii to move, wj might be ready to follow him;] for I intended to make him my Pilot. In the Morn- ing at half an hour after 5 we weigh'd, thc/)«/i| TVIan beii g under Sail before -, and we flood dired- ]y after aim. At 8, having but little Wind, ll fent my Boat aboard of him, to fee what News lie) had brought from Rurof'C. Soon after, we Ipied; S' "p coming from the Eaft, plying on a Wind to f| eak with -us, and fliewing En^lijJj Colours, made a Signal for my Boat, and prefenily borei-l 'way towards her •, and being pretty nigh, the Cod m/.nd^r and Super-cargoe caiiie aboard, fuppofma we had been the Tufcci/i^ Galley, v.'hicli was cxpect-j ed th \\ At BiUivia. This was a Country %j| belonging to Fort St. Giv;rg,^j having come out iron Ba'ajiU the Day before, and bound to Buk^ The Commander told me tliat the llcjl-jYi^dt m a: Anchor in Buiauia Road^ but would nciM there long: He told nie alio, that hi. Maidly Siiipj commanded by Ci;ptain JVarrdiiMi^ii Ihi!' Irdi:!^ but he had been a great wliilefrom thtCoii and iiad not feen them. He gave me a Dr.iugi't thefe Streights, from the BuUon and Ca^^ 10 5.;.'J| I'-.a^ ;ind f/iew'd me the be ft way in tliithcr. An a Clock, it be'ng calm, I anchored in 14 FataCi good oazy GrouiK.. ;■■'>• /. i '* . i i I ii m : % *« '^^S:: Arriva ! 'at V ntaviaJ 3 4 5 At 2 a Clock we weigh'd again ; the Butch Ship ^'- 1700. [being under Sail before, Handing clofe to Manjhclen^ ^-Or^>^ Ifland; but finding he could not weather it, he tack.'d and flood otf a little while, and then tack'd again. In the mean Time I flood pretty nigh the Ifaid Ifland, founding, but could not v/cachcr it. iThen 1 tack'd and flood off, and the Dutch flood |in towards the Ifland \ and weathered it. I being de- Ifirous to have room enough, flood off longer, and Ithen went about, having the Dutch Ship 4 Points lunder my Lee. I kept after him ; but as I came nearer the Ifland, I found a Tide fetting to the |Weft, fo that I could not weather it. Wherefore jt6 in the Evening I anchored in 7 Fathom oazy JGround, about a Mile from the Ifland : The Di.t:b Ship went about 2 Miles further, and anchored al- |fo; and we both lay flill all Night. At 5 the next lorning we weigh'd again, and the Dutih Ship ^ood away between the Ifland Camhujfes and the liln •, but I could not follow, becaufe we liad a .and-wind. Wherefore I went without the Camhuf- \ and by Noon we law the Ships that lay at the arecning Ifland near Batavia. After the Land- ?ind was fpent, which we had at South-Eafl: and Boiith-SoLith-Eafl *, the Sea-breeze came up at Eafl. hen we went about ; and the Wind coming after- ward at Ead-North-Eafl:, we had a large Wind to on us into Batavia Road : And at 4 in the After- bn, we anchored in 6 Fathom foft Oaze, «.■■:(«■ .1 t t VI' ! U\ ^ I' r i ' ''Ik 1 it |!i? ^•^^■^ K C II A W m ^■■ilpl 246 '^n. 1700 Batavia Road. ;WJ»J CHAP. VI, e A. cont'inuts in Batavia-R<»4/i, jo rtfit, and to pt Prmfm ^.ng]Uh Sh/ps then in the Road. Departure jror. Batavia, lea IhB n. ivnuniffi i/t uaya^ m-Lwm*, tv f»y»»» unit to ^rt ITOVtlKIH Englidi Sh/ps then in the Road. Departure jror. Batavia, Jmih at the Cape of Good Hope. And at St. Helena. Arrivd at the ijhind of Afcenfion. A Leak Sprung, irhhh imi impojfvle to be flopped; the Ship is lo/i, hut the Men j'ixti 'They find Water upon th» JJland. And an brought ktli n England. WE found in Batavia Road a great many Ships ar anchor, moft Dutch., and but one EngliJJj S\\\'^ n:imed tht Fleet frigat, commanded by one A'ferry. We rode a little without thcni all. Near the Shore lay a ftout China Junk, and 11 great many fmall Veffels, viz. Brigantincs, Sloops and] Malayan Proes in abundance. A (Toon as I an- chored, 1 fent my Boat aboard the Flect-fn^it^ with orders to make them ftrike thtir Pendant, which was done foon after the Boat went aboard. Then rny Clerk, whom 1 fent in the Boat, went for the| Siiore, as I had direded hirn ; to fee if the Govern- ment would anfwer my Salute : But it was nownearl Night, and he had only time to fpeak wiihthei Ship-bander., who told him that the Govcrnment| would have anfwered my Salute with the fame num- ber of Guns, if I had fired as foon as I anchored; but that now it was too laiie. In the Evening myl Boat came aboard, and the next Morning I myidfj went afhore, vifited the Dutch General, and dcfir'dj fhe Priviledge of buying fuch Proviiion and Stores,! as r now wanted ; which he granted me. I I lay here till the 17th of Otloher following, all which time we had very fair Weather, fomelorni'l does exceotcd. In the mean t^me I fuppli*-'^ ^H * ■".'•■ '■ Can^enterl Batavta Road. 247 Carpenter with fuch Stores as were neceflary for re- '^»- 1700. fitting the Ship ; which prov'd more leaky after he ^■''^V^J had caulk*d Her, then Die was before : So that I was obliged to carreen her, for which piirpofe I hired Velfels to take in our Guns, Ballaft, Provi- fion and Stores. The English Ships that arriv'd here from England^ were firll the LiamDo, commanded by Captain Monk, bound for China *, next, the Panther^ com- manded by Captain Robinfon -, then the Mancel- Frigat, commanded by Captain Clerk, All thefe brought good Tidings from England, Moft of them had been unfortunate in their Officers-, efpeci- ally Captain Robinfon^ who faid that fome of them had been confpiring to ruin him and his Voyage, There came in alfo feveral Englifi Country Vefiels ; jirft a Sloop from Bcn-jarr, commanded by one Ruffi'l^ bound to Bengale j next, the Monfoon^ be- longing to Bengale : She had been at Malacca at the lame time that his Majefty Ship the Harwich was there : Afterwards came in alfo another fmail Ship from Bengale. While we (tay'd here, all the forenamed Englijh Ships failed hence ; the 2 Bengale Ships excepted. Many Dutch Ships alfo came in here, and depart- ed again before us. We had feveral Reports con- cerning our Men of War in India^ and much talk concerning Rovers who had committed feveral Spoils upon the Coaft, and in the Streights of Ma^ ^^^'cn. I did not hear of any Ships fent out to quafh them. At my firft coming in, I was told that 2 Ships had been fent from ^mhoyna in queft of me > which was lately confirmed by one of the Skippers, whom I by accident met with here. He told me they had 2 Protefls againft me -, that they came to Pm-SduJa on the Coaft of JSJew-Guinnca 28 Days after my departure thence, and went as far as Scou^ fo's Wand, and hearing no further News of me, R 4 return'^. ,•) ■', r : 'I l1« ■ h \ , 1^.;: A^'/^L I'Jm [t^:^j\v lu 248 Catavia Roa^. Strange Gcllies, /^w. 1700. returnM. Something likewiic to this purpofe Mf. - Mrr^;^ Commander of the FUct- frigate told me at iny firlt arrival licre -, and that the General at h% tav'ia had a Copy of my Commiflion and Inilmc. tion;; •, but I lookM upon it as a very improbaLic thin:;. VVhilc wc lay here, the D:"r,^-> held fcvcralCoii- fultations about fending fomc Ships lor £;/r5/riconer than oidmary : At lail. the i6th of O^liher was a<.',recd upon for the Day of Sailing, which is 2 Months fooncT than iifual. They lay ready: or; Days before, and went out on the loth. Timr Karnes were, the 0//><;;?tv;;, bound to Zcalm^ Vhc Var.h('uh:>}^ for Eucbichcuft \ and the 3 C;-?::'//;, for yhnjlrrdaw.^ commanded by Skii'fer jacoh Uii- crinhf wiio wr.s Commadore over all the rcif I J^.ad by ii\h tinie finillud niy Bufuiefs here, •:::. fitted il'e Siiip, recruited my fr if with I'lovifion, fifh-'u all my Water -, and the time of the Ycartob? going for Enro^.e being now at hand, I prepar'd 10 be gone alfo. Accordingly on the 17th of r.7'/',;V;-, at half ;in Mour after 6 in ciie Morniivo ] weif^li'd Ancl.or from Bi'az:i:T, having a good i.uid-wind at So;i.in, \; Mc:\ and fiir Weather: Aiid by t'ic ic;t!i at came up vvit'i the ^ Dutch Ships belore-mcniionai, The 2oth of A'^ir//;^;,':/' in rhiC Moniipg we law a fmall Hnwk llyinrr about tlie Shi[^ till ihe was q'ui;t V.f 1. Tiien Hie redded on tlie Mizen-'fop-Stu!- Yard, where \ee cateh'd her. It i.s jn'obablc ib" was blown o;T fiom ?\/l,i(iayi'f -ir by the violent Nor- therly Winds y tf.at being the nigheil )-.ind roi!.-, though djfiance n-ar \^c> league':. 'IMie ':^oth of l)crenibi:i\ we arrived at the CiV ,' Gnnd fJo'n -^ and tlenarted acain on ti.e Dt:. ';i "janun'-y 1701. About »t!ic end of liie Meiiui, '.u' Jaw abundance of Weeds or Blubl'-r Iwi.Ti W '''^j fur I CsiKHiC determine v.'hich. it wa^ A iiff ox. J.ii, The Ifland of MccnCion, A Leak fprungl 24j f^j, w"^ i !! I'r ■}.) I!! 'i I mIH I'Ui ^M \m\i 'jiu»k • J « 'i54 Kettirn to England.^ if». 1700. Men; and the reft were difpos'd of into the other t/'V^ 2 Men of War. We Aiil'd from Afccnfion^ the 8th ; and conti. tinued aboard till the 8 th of Maj : At which Time the Men of War having mils'd St. Jago, where they defign'd to Water, bore away for Barhadoer. But I being defirous to get to England as foon as pofliblc, took my PalTage in the Ship Cantcrhur^'^ accompanied with my Mafter, Purler, Gunner, and 3 of my fuperiour Officers. '.'•< ! in f:* « ■''! '''P;;^'': . \ III i in I \ •:'« tt. ' \ c/^ Ca Pitt I J)amp.fai/. "J'u/itJ takin cnlhi Guinea . \iiih hufns Be Taitl tS~'^^jblnl'~!w*Mew jpati a.11 attr y 3ttdy iliii'jf'iMi i( 1\ % ■ I < i i 1 ' 1^' i ' 1 ■ . ) ; . '^v i' I a t II, r a I hi 1 B' 1 I' :il!i ' t ;i ii; I I:! ] '1 -!f 1 ' '1 - ,1 .. ^ 1 ..1, I r 1 i ''■ "} 1 , ( V i §1 '^ Vi^ 1 1' ■I Iri !■■ 1, ■ ■ ,i(ii: tM 1 ' i ^ V. ■ i -'¥. ' 1 i , ^^i*iy\ \tx. ut 'l; <■ k 'A Catalogue, ^c\ \Jl Catalogue of the Maps and Copper-Plates , in Dampier's Third Volume^ PART. IL TH E General Map : facing the Title, Tab. 5. Timor, Num. i, 2, 3 a/id ^, pag. 131 I Rotee, N. 4. [Tab. 6. A finall Mapof Timor, N. i. pag. 134 Bearings of Land, N. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. [Tab. 7. Laphao; and the Bay, N. i. pag, 162 Nortb-WeJi-part of Timor, N. 2. 7/7(2 W Omba, N. 3. IJland Fetter, N. 4. Ifland Terra Alta, N. 5. Burning IJland to the Eajlward of T«» mor, N. 6. Bandy-i/7^, N. 7. Bird- I/land, N. 8. //7^;7^ Meva, Buchao, N. 9. //7^«rf Coram, N. 10. Tab. 8. vV/^jcc;! ^^r/ of N. Guinea, N. i. pag. 182 The three IflandSy N. 2. 7 he three I [lands in L. Ba'j, N. 3. Mackerel Bay, PVhite IJIe, Water Ba'j^ and FreJIj-water River, N. 4. fT/t^^ Land North-Eaft of the Watering-place; 'The St J J !: '1 .'It : \ 1! ' !■ i' .* I: i I, I 1 «• l!i' 1 "11 ( . I.- 1 : • V r ■1 : 3«/i (1 ! !il ^■ -%/4 ■ ' V . ) 1 ' f ■ : 4 n ' (s ' ' . ' ' i 1 ' J I, ! rl J5B ^Catalogue, cJ-r, 'J'he If.and Sabuda, N. 9. Pulo-Sabiida. Batt Ijhmis^ N. 7. Tab. 9. Co^T^ »/ New-Guinea, N. 1, 2, 3', 4, 5, g^ C^/^ Mabo, TT. 7. Tab. 10. C^^y^ Mabo. N. i. l-^^m^ King "William* J Ijland^ N. 2. Cape of Good Hope, N. 3. Van Scoucen'i IJland, Providence Ipi:i^ N. 4. St. Matthias I/Ie, N. 5. Tab. II. Squally afid ether IJJands on the Conji^f Nova Britannia, N.'i, 2. fa^. 167 Trecheron /////, N. 3. Swiftjhire I/Ia/id, N. 4, 5. St, John'i 7//^;;^, N. 6. Tab. 12. C^/'. 183 Another defcribed, />• 231 ■Numb. IV. Several Fifljes taken on the Coaji of New- Guinea, 184 Jumb. V. ^he Mountain-Cow -, or, as fome think, the Hippopotamus, defcribed in Capt, Dam pier*; id Vol. in Campeaciiy» pag. 102, 3,4»5>6>7« 257 ! ■:: i ll tl li 1 I 'I • I t' Vol, hi. THE I 1 I , m I: iAW , t: ^1 THE I N D E X. A ]:^:h?o Ijl'ind, P<«g-i34. 137. 15* Its Inhabitant if \ ;j Atcenlion ijUnd, t-9 U'uier JounJ thert, ■52 B. B 1S3, 219, 230 232 220 J:.^ .ihflo /» Timor, 1^-2, 160 Ikuivia, arrival there, 245 ;;., Rcud, 246 Englijh ships there, 2,47 Dcp.irture Jrom thente, Bird- //?2-fi(iid (?«f, ::J Ciccale, /'^r/, li^l Cockles f lery bi^, i*:, !(,i,j Cockle-menhant, a Tnh, ijij CocLlc-Jjland on the Coijl o/f New-Guinea, 1911 Copang b.\y m Timor, kiJ Crofs IJIand, 138, 13c, [43! Crown I/land, difcovern :isi defcrib'd, nil Cwncw^iCSee rii/fi.} 143. niJ 226.1;'/ D. r) Iftance hetrceen dt^t U^'\ anu Cape St. G'forgp- puted, Dutcii, ^A« A.'S /Jrff/;' Mj 2 heir fu/picion of t' D''aughtt, (Dutch,.) tlmr!'^^ Dutch loft call'd Ccncorui ' I. ■I.'), M he A.'s Virij m E. 'Nde, JjlAnd, 177 F. letter iflnHd, 179 Ul-trtei oj Timor dufcrib d 168 i, ftuUi^e, 184 G. , Arret Dennis I/Jand^ loi Inhabitants defcribtdf 203 [liv/cwWiM ?Ac i'tM, 248 or^e f'St.) Cape r, Manof-War Birds t Manflieter'j //74»^, Matthias Ijland, Miiacomby Jfland, Mountague Port in New-Gui- nea, 1,6 The Country thereabouts d»- Jcrtb'd, and Its produce f 217 N. vj Ew-Guinea,/M Guinea; *^ Nova-Bntannia, 219,120 O. QMba, IJland, 179, 234 P. p Alm-trecso/ Timox d;fcrib'd, ^ 169 Pajfagey a new one c^njeclured, 125,22; A new one difcovered, 134, 2»9, 8tc. P^ir/y zu/V^ /^* Portugueze at Timor, 148, &:c. Pentare IJland, 234 Pidgeons, ^>-f^/ Numbers of them on the Coafi of New- Guinea, 191 Porta-Nova, 165 Providence IJlandj 195 Princes Jfle, 141 Pu!o Sabuda l(le, 186 Pulo Baby 143 R. REturn {the A's) to England, Rich's {Sir R.) IJland, zix Ringing- bird, 171 Roolv's (Str George) IJland, 221 S 2 Rotee 259 w-M I I . K, '•r i , > ji m 260 The INDEX. Rotee IJIttnd, Rolemary iJlanJt O Ago, how madtf ^ Sandal-' ?<, ficDUtcn's IJtand, Scful Port m Timor, Shark's B4y, ship loft, Sliriger s Bayt Land-fnalitSf A Spout, Squally Ifland, Sunda Streights, 134. »38 187 168 »95 izo 151 200 196 170 i8i, 114 167 »4^ 1X9 TErra auftralis incognita, u'hut to bi ixpeiltd there, 123, IZ4 Thwart the- r;ay //74M/i, 141 Jidis ftrange and unciftain, 127, i43»^29 See C«rr*«n. Timor IJland defcribtd, 131, &.C. I4i,l$7,&c.|66, 167 Tbi Dutch Stultmtni, \y\ T*# Portugutti Sef/limjJ , ,.147. i63.&c,nj //; Jnhabttantf, 165,11! //J f r«in Mnd Animk \(i Trade, WtAthir, ,;■ 2h$ A.'$ Vt far tun jml [' Tfitt full of Wormt fomi tht St a, Ttyal Roekt, L Tunic iftts, )8 U. Xf Ariation, Vulcanots, i8oi 208, lij vv. ■fir Ater SwaH/;, ^ Whales. II] IVh'trlpools, xi Wiftiarts ///4»J, f t» FINIS. f : *■■ I V I ANEW VOYAGE DESCRIPTION O F X H F 1ST HMUSo'i AMERICA Giving an A c c o u n t of the A u T H o r's Abcde there, The Form and Make of the Cnuntr^^ the Coafls^ Hills, Rivers, &c. PFoods, Soil, JVeather^ &c. '^frees^ Fruit, Beafts, Birds, Ftjh, &c. The Indian Inhabitants, their Features, Complexion, ^. their Manners, Cuftoms, Employments, Marriages, Fcafts, Hunting, Computation, Langjage, 6fr. With Remarkable Occurrences in the South-Sea and clfewh'^i e. By LIONEL WAFER. The Third Edition. To which are added, The Natural History of thofe PARTS, By a Fellow of the Koykl SociETr; AND Davis* % Expedition to the Gold Mines, in 1702. Illujhated with feveral COPPER-PLACES. L O N "D O N, printed for J A M E s and J ohu Knapton, at the Croivn in St, Pauh Church- Yard, Mdccxj^ix. r' ? I I, I' it I . li' ( 11' tiH 1 ' .1 1 ' rl 1 1 1 i * : 1 ■ 1 ; ■ \ \ •{ i 1 ■t'l ^t A 26) To His Grace JO [IN Duke of MARLnoRouGH, Marquefs of Blauford, Earl of Marlborough, Baron Churchill of Sandridgc, and Lord Churchill of Aymouth />/ Scotland, Captain-General of Her Majefly's Forces, Majier-Generalof the Ordinance^ Her Majefly's Ambaffador Ex^ traordinary to the States-GencraU One of Her Majeflfs mofi Honourable Trivy-Coun- cily and Knight of the mofl Noble Order of the Garter. May it pkafe Tour Grace, TH E enfuing Treatife, is a Second Edition or my Account of the Ifthmus of Danen, with Additions •, which I piiblifli at this Time, not fo much becaufe the firft ImprefTion is wholly fold off, as chiefly to give Occafion to the Minillry (whereof your Grace holds no fmall Share) to think of making a Settlement on one of the molt va- luable Spots of Ground in the World, thereby ei- th*;r to enhaunce a Part of the Mines, which are lodg'd in its Bowels, or entirely to banifh thence the Enemy, who is now poffefs'd of them ; befides, that by fuch a Settlemenr, a free Paflage by Land from the Atlantick to the South-Sea mio;ht cafilv be effeded, which would be of the grcateft Confe- qiience to the Ead-India Trade. S 4 T H ?5 *' f ! '■;} 1 ' i' '.* 1 i1 1 t;:; f. i h ■ s r.. • 1 i,; 1 mi h^' : 1 , '' '1 264 *^k^ Dedication. The Mifcarriage, My Lord, of the 5c(j/; \ this Defign, can be no Difcouragemenr to £«g/a«i confidering that we have at Hand, within our own Plantations, Provifions, and every Thing ufeful for Subfiftence, which they wanted : And their Efcapes will furnifh us with Precautions, by which we mav avoid their Misfortunes. I can afilire your Grace, that a Fricndlbip may be eafily cultivated with the Natives, who are entirely in our Intereft. And befides the peculiar Advantage of fuch a Settle- ment, England would derive by their Vicinity to Portohely and Cartbagena, a ready Sale for their Slaves brought from the Coaft of Africa, The French y My Lord, being now our Rivals for this Settlement, it highly imports England to prevent them, by endeavouring to become Mafters of this Neck of Land, of which being once poflei- fed, they may command thofe inexhauftible Trea- fares, which at Pleafure give either Peace or War. And how eafily that might be effecfled, will eafily appear, if your Grace will be but picas'd to take Notice, with how little Difficulty Captain Ralh and his Aflbciates made themfelves Mcitlers of all thofe Mines with a Handful of Men, and in a very inconfiderable Space of Time, according to the particular Relation given of that Expedition, ■I- > ■r 1 ii inferted by Mr. Davis at the End of tliis Bo ok. *T I s true, my Lord, they had a pretty uncafy PaflTage ihrotgh thofe Rivers, Woods and Moun- tains in the By-ways, by which the Smalliids ot their Number oblig'd them to march, the better to prevent a Difcovery. Buf if their Forces had been more confidcrablt, they would have lain under no NecefTity of takmg fuch troublefome Precautions , arid thereby would have avoided the manitoid Toils >'A ''^ le Scots in En^lani^ n our own 5 ufeful for eir Efcapes ch we may " G RACE, v'ated with reft. And h a Settle- Vicinity TO e tor their our Rivals England to -me Mafters once pofiei- ftible Trea- ;e or War. |e(?l:ed, will but picas'd Ity Captain ' Mciilers of , and in a [cording to Lxpedition, Book. jtty iincafy Ind Moun- iralincfs of better to held been under no :v:autions ; manifold Toils The Dedication. foils and Fatigues to which they happen'd to be xposM. The High-Poft of Honour your Grace now ioys, and whereto your Merits do fo juftly en- itle you, has given me the Boldnei's to (helter this \&\\ Work under your G r a c e's Name -, believ- ig it Natural for your Grace to make a right idgment, whether the Thing herein recommended well grounded, and will anfwer the End pro- ofed. [jam not infenfible. My Lord, that this Ad- tfs is as much a Preface as a Dedication ; but con- [ering that your Grace*s Hours are not to be \en up v'ith Trifles, I was the eafier led to give [ur G R A c £, at one View, my main Defign in Publication. HUMBLY beg your Grace, to vouchfafe [Honour of your Protedion to my plain and ho- ft Intentions, for the Welfare and Advantage Iniy Country, being with all imaginable Refpett, n it pLcifi your G K ACE, Tour G R A c E'i moji Humhle, and 7noJl Ddzoled Servant, Lionel Wa f e r , TO 26$ v;i ■^P! 1 I. ,'.;,, ■!.■■ -(ill. %ifU I m ''.>. 'i I " I. ■ .. 'Jf',r4i' ■■■■ K ■! I. 264, I 166 ^iE)g!) ^)fii^ ^JlSi ^^ ®Si ®S^ ilfe® ySS) 6)® «® T O T H E R E A D E Rl HE Dr/ign of this Second Piiblicatmof: Defcription of the Ifthmus of Darien, /J prov'd with a Late Expedicion to theGolJ Mines, fince the Beginnirg of the prefnit War ; uj alfo zvit/) the Natural Hiftory of thofc Parts ; fi an Account of feveral Beafts, Birds, Fidies, ReJ tiks, i^c. and particularly 7nan'j Trees, Shrubs ijj Herbs, with their rcfpe^ive Namcs^ Ufcs arJ firl^ communicated by a Fellozv of the Royal Society, /' only to rcprefcnt to the JVorld^ hoio far i! 'i:^i^ the hiterefl of England to mah an EJiahl'fiKr.'i'i that Continent: ; the Product of whcf Bcivchtw\ the other Thfce Parts of ihr: IVorld. BccauH (lum ivillinz to zi'cary the- Reader with a tedious D:,^ irpoH fhis Subject, I /hail only tell him, infCKJlHi that if I plainly devionjirale the Ihifig nmht ki cdfly effected^ ""and that the Adzuvitagn tkt c thercbv accrue to the Nation, icoidd nrcc ih.vu^ their Charges, I think there iJcill remain hut liH-^^ faui agdin/i fo glorious an Under talking. That fuch a Thing wight be fuccf^idly prfm the FnLflifh In this vrefent Cnniuncl'erc \ aud^''' li-ouldeafly be able to ?naintain ihenifcfvrs in '.'' - f^on of that 'v.rua'^hf Conqued, }yii^iii':^!Vi''''l preateft Ki^orts tha' the French, mj^ljhr M'i'^^A lainji thei-n, ca,-: f-c:.--cc ivell he deniid !^\ dh\ .>'"^ Pai^: ic ccnfd.r, th:;t iicli-i''^.'-' ^'■Jl^..i !*i 1- 1' publication 0/ ; of Danen,^I'i tion to tHeC prefent Wat \ »] :boic Parts •, s4 •ds, FiilAes, Kej Trees, Shrubs sj Loyal Society, M hitl''^'''' ]hIIi f^¥ •/'iv'l The T R E F AC E, fcriQUr to them by Sea^ whatever Number of Land- I'orccs ihcy might be in a Condition to /pare from Eu- rope, 'tis our own Fault if ever they tranlport them thither. And as to the Number of Men that fuch an Expedition would require of us^ conftdering the favou • mhk Difpofttion of the Indians (who are entirely our Wiemh) and the PFeaknefs and Dtvifiom of our Enemies^ tk Spaniards, / believe it needed not be fo confiderabli iifoiiu People are apt to apprehend. For the American Spaniards, arcuflomed only to do- wiser and tyrannize their miferahle Slaves^ have now Imimfi'dfuch a confiderable titne in Sloth and Idlenefs^ tbut it would require fome Tears to innure them to the Hardfiips and Fatigues of War : And under their pre- \J!nt Circi{?}iftances, who knows but we anight find them hh averfe to give the Englilh a kind Reception than \ks are now aware of? Voe Vicinity of the Engl'fh Colonies to the Spanifh |j;7 America would render it an eafy Matter to them to Import one another upon all Occafions \ though the Be^ \tfM that the Kingdom would thereby reap^ be in th.?m- Ci apparent, beyond all Poffibility of Contradirtion. 's conclude: I /hall only defire all Men of Serije and Apnsht to confider how much the Tntereft of Enj>;!and mid he advanced in Europe by the Addition of the ipanifn Weft-Indies, to their other Acquijitions in ■nierica ;, fmce thereby ihj co?n?non Enemies -ivouid be i^'ived of the ?noft certain Fund they have for carryi)?g ihe War. In a Word \ the Difficulty and Ex pence ^imt a: all, by any reafonahle Man, to be ^'rought in \mctition with the- Glory and Advantage of fuch an '^cdiliGn, ani i./rMi.- to the Book it felf thouqb it ■partIs; vem'it Olvn VI ihi f ■I, ;i?l \ f.M '}i!.:% (^ollai ^ :rl Barcadero' I 'J'iu- jVoJ'tJi iicii il-.i/l./'tLlitlimiisi ■fj, ^j, Jt.t/ .V//.V (t> y-r^ V X iL jl a^^X^ ^ tIu Soiiili aiea 1 1'./// t'/' //»•• liiliiiitii 4.7 A M K It lt".\ /.' //».• l/'.-ji .'/P.! 11 ait =J P.i/i.titi PtuhU y/».' jUiicj Qiiino,.;/-QnJi:ai-o, jjr C'obava Ska •V ■ 1 h 270 Mr. W A F E R 's Foy aires, &c. thence wc rcturn'd to Bantam^ to take in the nftof our Lading. While I was aihorc there, tlic Shin fiiird for England: So I got a P.illage home in ano- ther Ship, tlic Bomhnx, Cipt. /r/"/t- Commander; who being Chief Mate, lucccedcd Capt. Bcm:::, who dy'd in the Voyage. The A's I arrived in />i^mvJ again in the Year 1679, and 2-1 Voy- ^ftt^r about a Month's Stay, I entred my felf on a *^^" 2d V^oyagc, in a Vedel eommandeil by Capt. Btn- enhiim^ bound for the I fujl- Indies. I was tiicre alio in the Service of the Surgeon of the Ship : feut wlia Jamaica, we came to Jamaica^ the Seafon of" Sugars being not yet come, the Captain was willing to make a ihort Voyage, in the mean while to the Bay cf CampmJr;, to fetch Logwood : But having no Mind to go fur- ther with him, I ilaid in Jamaica. It proved well ior me that I. did fo ; for in that Expedition, die Captain was taken by the Spaniards, ami carried Priioncr to Alcxko : Where one Riifjcl fiw him, who was then alfo a Prifoner there, and alter made his Capt, Efcape Me told me he faw Capt. Biukcnbain^ with Buclvcn- a Log chain'd to his Leg, and a Basket at his Back, ham's/;^ ■• - - ... - lertune ham5/;4r//^j.yj^g Bread about the Streets for a Baker hisMa^ fler. The Spaniards would never confent lo the ranfoming him, though he was a Gentleman who had Friends of a confiderable Fortune, and would have given them a very large Sum of Mony, I had a Brother in Jamaica^ who was imployed under Sir ^bQm:u Muddiford^ in his Plantation at the The^n- Angels: And my chief Inducement in undertaking Ith Man- tliis A\)yagc was to f^e him. I ftaid foni^ time witn ToITro ^^'^' '-"^^ ^'^ fettled me in a Houfe at Fort-RopL J^^ "^ where 1 iollovvcd my Bufinefs of Surgery for lome Months. But in a while I met with Capt. Cook^ and Capt. Lincb, 2 Privateers who were going out h'Oin Cartagena Port-Royil^ towLird the Coaft of CarUHiena^ and took me along with them. We met other Fnv:.- Leers, on that Coail i but being parted Iron^ tlifn L il.!. ^S^vV. Mr, W A F E R 's Voyages, &:c: 27 1 Strefs of Weather about GnUcn-ljUnc}^ in the mlA'^y wc ftoocl away to the Bnflimcnto's^CoUcn-r. [here wc met them aj^ain, ainl Icvcral others, who^^"/''-^ id been at the taking ol* PortcbrJ^ and were rendcf- J^J"^'*' fciizal dicrt . I lyre I th-(l met with Mr. Dam/'ur^^^'l)'/^^ [ndvwis v/idi him in the Expedition into the S. Scas.p'ur, for ill Ihort, having miillerM up our Fortes at ^mbi-Jf.iVid, and landed on the lilbmus^ wc niarch'd ijilmus:^ jver Land, and took S ant ii Maria \ and made thofc^-""' ixcurfions into the S. Seas, wliich Mr. Rin'^rcjl' re- ^^^y^''/ (aus ill the 44th Part of the I/ijlory of the Bucca-ini\,of \l'n. ihe Buc, Ul Dam pier has told, in his IntroduLl'ton to hisMr.D4;«- ll'oyage /^(?//;/ am Bowman^ who parted with us at the River Cm ^0, the Day after my being fcorch'd with Gun-pow der. The Paflage of that River was very deep, and the Stream violent ; by which Means I was born down the Current, forfevcral Paces, to an Eddy in the bending of the River. Yet I got over •, but ! thefe two being the hindmoft, and feeing with what Difficulty I crofs'd the River, which was ftill lifing) they were difcourag*d from attempting ir, ar.d chok rather It Mr, WAFER'/ 1^^)1.1^05, 3cc. 275 ither to Hay where ihcy were, 'riiclc 2 can»c Lo ic, .ind the oilier 2 joun alter the Compiiny's Pc- irtun- tor the North Sea, as I fliall have Occafioii mention i lo that there were •;; of us in all who ^trcli'tt hphind amoiip, the Jmlia;:s. Bcin^Miow forc'd to ilay among rhem, and h^-ThciKdi- knif 110 Means to alleviate t:ie Angiiilh of my ""< '^^'fc /uimd, the Jndians uncicrrook to cure ms •, and'^^ * jply'd to my Knee fome Herbs, v/hich they {irft icw'd in their Mouths to the Confillciicy of a Paile, 1 putting it on a Plantain-l.eaf, laid it upon the m. This prov'd lb elfeclual, that in about 20 bysUfc of this I'oultcrs, whirh they applied U\(\\ Ifery Day, I was perfedly cured •, except only a inlmh in that Knee, which remain'd loncT after, Hd :i Bcnummedncfs which I ibnictinies find in it to |iid)>iy. Vet they were not ako[.;ethur fo kind in. \\\':r i{efpe6ts i for lonie of them look'd on us ve- luirvily, throwing green Plant-iins to us, as wc [t cringing and Ihivering, as you would Bones to JDog. This was but lorry Food •, yet we were Irc'd to be contented with it : But to mend our Ak:n.1 Dmmons, the yoimg /W/V?;:, at whofc Iloufe wc^"^'^"' ere left, would often give us fome ripe Plantains, iknnwn to his Neighbours •, and thele were a <>,reaL efrdhmcnt to us. This I/^diafi, in his Childhood Bs r.iken Prifoner by the S^anhirdj i and hiiving Kl lome time among them, he had learn'd a pretty [alof their Language, under the Bifliop of Pa V.', whom he ferv'd there -, till finding Means to pp?, he was got again mong his own Counrry- p. This war, of good L fe to us •, for we having Imaticring of Spanilh^ and a little of the Indian*^ ongue .ilfo, by pafTmg dieir Country before, be- lter, both thefe, and with the additional Ufe of Signs, ^ovind it no very ditHcuIt Matter to underfland je .mother. He was truly generous and hofpitablc '^^rds us i and fo careful of us., that ii in the l^'H, ill, T ' Day- m ^■\\\ ; "J \\'^-S m ^ ! !rf 1 i( '-' i i f • . l "; .'^ ^ ' : :,' ' ^..'* ■ 1 )■. 1 yf, I I, i \ , 1 , ' ■ 1 : 1 ^ ( ■ -''f -74 r.U- / '/. j/tati. Mr, \V A F E R V r ^y^^es, 6cc. D ay-timc wc had no ' rlvr I'rovjfion than 1 ry green Plantains, !■;: v.\j;:id iilc in the g') out by St"ait!i lo ri' i vcignbourin^ p] walk, an.i iVtfh which hj ^VOl!:.: f^'v for. ^^'r'^t, and! ..^ 11 'i''t:in- • •; ' 'PC oH's tron'i , I M c c);;nirv->>H' !ha' Not r, niOii 1.1 k.^ ' tiienc^ '^'^'H to his t: 7 cHn'd to v.fc u-s riu);» rr,i:crhh;. i\-)\ r.illy u.c « ellv kind ■•P'TaJli ;r( e-ii -i\f •• r '■ L V ■Oi fo me I 111) V.' I (). tMU they h:iu >iKCIll ri( nc ]. \^■ R: ' ! 10 liad i?i a ^ 7 ^z; (ruidv ;.c:oi]r' or o:ir| i.;nnei :-. .vcciil^jl t!.c- •ith ujicin icr rhc K •n-1 macu! i: dcr of tiui!' J(5 very iiuicii ;u;ain>i: their Wills ; rhc I \ eir ty 0; the| y \'':' I y Sealon being tiicn io grea::. Th;vt < nthe//;- .'' ,1. l;"!e "> f ■ ' '• T i ; : v\ s ac 1 no Mind lor t;./. '1 \V .. , . . . n icy iire licti;: carious cither as to il..- Weiit, inc. tliol ti'.er on D //.' WImMi C^ph\ Ihpgfi)?^ and I had lived :j or. in ti'isM.'.nncr, the other ?., S:)r at iii and h whom we left behind at the Kivcr Cl >'^o, oil tl-:c (i\\ Day of our Journey, found dicir wayrij us •, being exceedingly fatigued with lamhling lon^: ainona; tlie wild Woods an id Kv 'ers w :in*. i li ivini?; no orhci- Sultenance butafc V. Il O f C am.'' :'( / lv;V A h It ere ana tncre. failrr, v/hofc drownirL^ 'lh;-y to Id i\l^ ul OJ foun ,',' G.-;/;;\''s relates p. 17. Thry faw liim lie di the Short" which the I'loods were gone oii in with the Hope twiiled about him, and hi: at his Xcck •, but they were fo fatigueci, they cr. i\;L iv) meddle v/itii it. Thcfc after their coming 'J| onei to e continued with ir> for about a F o:iL!; r at the f,i.me i'lantation where the main Boc^Kt oi (ear Company t ; > t - 1 1 / /; It t: lame lird lefi u^ ; and our rroviiioi ire, and the Courten.inm R; ■I/!.) a as tlern towarvls us a", ever having ; i\'\v? oi ii.eir i cicnc r J ids wl 10m oin* iVJen .u]^ X ■■ r (iuuhjs. Yet notwithftanding iii^^-r nd to ent I 'then. But 'ailing nd pre orrh- 'or;n v it w, IMcn r( %k 'J, 6cc. I than 1 few for. I the Nifirl^t, .\r;(l| luring Pl;ir,'u;in-| 1C3 ti'on") thenc,. virk.'ow mollis I re '--.'urAlly lii-l ;ev Ttrc [^^■'-'■vallyl Account' '/f oiirl Vianne) u'^cdtl't lV)r :!:: KeiTnain^l cvA gf" •itii tiuni \c. S'. V':"tY oi thd liiul c t'n tiic /« '.ling, thol "Veiuherofl C iVOiii: ; h:id lived :? or Sprai iii andfe - Riv(T Co/;g5, oil und dicir wayd with lamblinsfJ d Rivers withod Icnanci^ but a tej -c. 'I'lv.-y told .c drownirg l\\ \i him lie dculoj . one Oil iroraj Sul hi. A'o^l Kr-U'^Cl, tut. ^..i' .r lh^irccni^^gu| L;oat a hor^^iii, 1-i-c tlic niam Boq| Ud our Froviiioi e Countenances l/cr, having y^tnj ,Mrn hndnii^^n^ ]l(T i..A.» i- I Mr. WAFERV Voyages, <3cc." 275 thev took care of my Wound •, which by this Time was pretty well healed, and 1 was enabled to walk about. Bat at length not finding their Men return as r;u.y cxpeded, they were out of Patience, and Iccni'd relolvcd to revenge on us the Injuries which they fuppofed our Friends had dene to theirs. To this Knd they lield frequent Conful rations hov/ they Ihould difpole of us : Some were for kiUing us, o- ACoM^uk thers for keeping us among them, and others for ^|'af''i'<^y icarrying us to t\\Q Spaniards, thereby to ingratiate j;:^^^^;^";^ thcmfel'/es with them. But the greateft Part of^>^i^[oas. theni mortally hating i\\t Spaniards., tliis lail Pro-' ject was foon laid afide \ and they came to rhi^P.-i-- foludon, to forbear doing any thing to us, till fo much Time were expir'd as they thought might rea- fonably be allow'd for the Return of their Friends, whom our Men had taken with them as Guides to the North Sea- Coall •, and this, as they compuced ould be 10 Days, reckoning it up to us on their IFingers. The Time v/as now almofl expir'd, and having Preparati- oNcws of the Guides, the Indians be,n;an to fulped""^^^^^' • • thciri« Ithatour Mc:i had either murther'd tht-m, or carried hem awav with them •, and ieem'd refolv'd there- pon lo djilroy us. To this end they prepared a riMi Pile of Wood to burn us, on the loth Day i nd told us what we mull: truft to when the Sun ent down i for they would not execute us till • :hen. But ic fo happened that lAcenta, their Chief, Lacevta paOing that way, diflwaded them from that Cruelty, ^J'^" and propofed to them to fend us dow^n towards the ^^' ^o^rh-(ide, and 2 Indians with us, who might in- form themfelves fiom the Indians near the Coalf, lat was become of the Guides. They readily '^i-l •'-'"ds earkn'd to this Propofal, and immediaicdy chofe -i '^[^^J," ** k'n to conduct us to the North-fide. One of thefc kadbccn all along an inveterate Fnemy to us ; but T z the r-\ iii i ' ir'-^fiiW If"^ -■wtt-tttibw-IIB: 276 Bad Tra- vellin' ^'i' I I It ' 1 \ They are bewild- tr'd. Mr. WAFER 'J Voyages, &c. the other was thnt kind Indian^ wlio was fo mL";'i our Friend as to rife in the Night and ect us rirj Jantains. The next Day therefore we were difmiffcd withoir 2 Guides, and marched joyfully for ^ Days •, btiRo well affured we fhould not find that our Men had done any Hurt to their Guides. The firft 3 Days we maixh'd tlirough nothing but Swamps, having great Kains, widi much Thundering and Lightning i and lodg'il every Night under the dropping Trees, upon tiiel cold Ground. The third Night we lodg'd on almall Fiill, which by the next Morning was become an Ifland : For thofc great Rains had made ludu Flood, that all the low Land about it wascover'(l| deep with Water. All this while we had noPrrvill- on, except a Flandful of dry Maiz our hi^m Guides gave us the lirll 2 Days: But this bdiigl fpcnt, they return'd Home again, and left ustol Ihift for our felves. At this Flill we remained the 4th Day ^ and on] the 5th, the Waters being abated, we let forward, fleering North by a Pocket Compafs, and mardicdl till 6 a Clock at Night : At which Time we arrivdi at a River about ^o Foot wide, and very dtepJ Here we found a Tree fallen crofs the River, aril fo we believ'dour Men had paft that way i dierdorej here we fat down, and confulted what Couik\vi| fliould take. And having debated the Matter, it wjs conLliidedl upon to crols the River, and feek the Path 11. wi; they had travelled : For this River running ioiriej what Northward in this Place we pcrlwaded m felves we were pall: the main Ridge of Land [lu[ di- vided the North-part of the Jjlbmih froni the Souiiii and confcqucnrly that we were not very far trorntli^ North-Sea. Befides, we did not conllder iliatti^^ great Rains wxtc the only Caufe of the fiidden H fiiig and Falling of the River i but thoughi <• %iY % n>ji i and lodo-'d Mr. WAVEK's Voyages, &c. 277 Tide might contribute to it, and that we were not very f^ir irom the Sea. We went therefore over the River by the Flelp of the Tree: But the Rain had made it fo flippery, that 'twas with great Difficulry diat we could get over it aftride, for there was no walking on it : And tho' 4 of us got pretty well over, yet Bowman^ who was the ]afV, flipt off, andp^i^^^,^;, die Scream hurried him out of Sight in a Moment, l'l ■^!. '■•'{ . I .-.) 27 S Mr. WAFER J Voyages, kc. them away with us, and continued our march lii) Night. They are '''he next Day, being the 6th, wc marchul ijlj bekt wuh^^jj-j the Afternoon, when we arrived at anotlicr Ri. Rivers. ^^^.^.^ which join'd with that we had hitherto coijiej; and we were now inclos'd between them, on ;\!!i;ie Hill at the Conflux of -them. This hill River w;.? as wide and deep as the former-, io that ]icrev;e were put to a Non-plits^ not being abL' to foil means to ford either of tlicm, and they being here too wide for a Tree to go a-crofs, unlcfs a greater Tree th;^n we were able to cut down; Ivivins r.o They mi- Toc^l with us but a Niaclicat or long Knife. TLis fiakc their j-iil: River alfo we fet by the Compafo, and found k| ^^'^' run due Nouh : AVhich confirmed us in our iviiihike, that we were on tin" North- fide of the main RidK D of Mountains •, and therefore we rcfuiv'd upon malving two Dark-logs, to P.uat us down the River, which we unanimoufly concluded would bring us to the North-Sea Coait. The Woods afiorctid 'js hollow Bamboes fit for our purpofe ; and wc cut them into proper lengths, and tied them ugaher witli Twigs of a Shrub like a Vine, a great nx.y on the Top of one Anotlier. By that time wc had finifhed our Bark-logs it v, is Night, and we took up our i odg'ng on u lirJ I liU, where we gathered about a Cartload ol WccJ, and made a Fire, intending to fct out with oarBarA- lofTS the next Mornin.o;. But not long after Sun-Kt, it fell a Kainint/ as if lleavcn ar.d I'.arth v/oula meet ', which Storm was accompanied with norr'" Claps of Thunder, and luch FLifiies of Lighining, of a fulphurous Smell, that we were ahno.i; ibflcu in the open Air. ^'«';- Thus it continued till 12 a-Clock at Ni[i'|") "-■"'• vv hen to our grerit Terror, v/c could hear t. ^ ^'^•- Vv'; s roaring ( w both fides us •, but 'twas 1 VioVnt put v/c coi.Ivi lee nothing but the Fire 'ac li .,.! (\i % 2 79 Mr. W A F E R V Voyages, &c. except when a ruiili of Ligluning came. Hien we coiial lee all over the Hill, and perceive the Water iippioacliing us -, which in lels than halt an ilour cirricd away our Fire. This drove us all to oui fnifts, every Man Iceking Ibme means lj fiive him- f.lf from the threatning Deluge. \Vc alfo fought tor liruill Trees to climb : For the place abounded with orcit Cotton Trees, of a prodigious bigneis from tl'.e Root upward, and at leail; 40 or 30 i^'oot de.ir Vv ithout )3ranches, lb that there was no climb- ing up them. For my own Parr, I was in a o;reat Confternation, The A. and running to lave my Lite, I very opportunely^''"""^'* met with a large Cotton Tree, which by Ibmc acci- dent, or thro' Age, was become Rotten, and hol- low on one Side \ having a Hole in it at about the Hcighth of 4 Foot trom the Ground. I immediate- ly got up it as well as I could : And in riie Cavity i found a Knob, which ferv'd me for a Stool -, and tiiere I \:x down almoft Head and Fleels together, not having room enough to itand or lit upright. In this condition I fit wiihino; for Dav : but beiup; ntigucd with Travel, though vT.ry hungry v/ithal, and cold, I fell afleep : But was ibon awaken'd by the Noife of great Tree^ which were brought down by the Idood i and came with fuch force againll the Tree, that they made it Ihake. Wnen 1 awoke 1 found my Knees in the Water, ^^^ is bef though the loweil Fart of my hollow Trunk was, ^'^^^^J^'^" as 1 laid, 4 Foot above the Ground ; and the Wa- ter was running as fwitl, as if 'twere in t'le middle oftliG River. "^'Fhe Night v\'as llid very Dark, but cnlvwli-n th^ iliflics of Lightning came: Which n-Ki,' ir ib ilreavlful and terrible, that I forgot my pj'^ingca-, and was v/holly taken up with praying to '^'od CO fpare my Fdfe. While 1 was praying ana niedirating thus on my fad Condition, i faw thr Mon.ii!o-Scar appear j by v.hich I knew that Dav T 4 ^-■«' i',,i, Id' ■ IT r.j / c^ th;U I fell down as dead, beinp; opprels'd bor'n wiih (iricf and . ^ungcr -, this being the ;di I.)ny of our Fail, fave only the A^f((r<'(ri/';- her vies k- tore related. TT(^ meeii Being in this Condition, defpairing of Comfort DCTtn With {"o,- ^vanf ot my Conform, I lay Ibmetime on th.ewet '^^lui^ vrround, till at laO I heard a Voice hard by ik ■ "' '" which in fome fort revived me ; but el'pecially wlieii i taw Mr. fl!}]gf>:n one of my Companions, ;ind tlit r;ftj-oun'i us prefently after ; having all fav'drhcnv feive«s t:-v cii'vibino ijnall Trees, Wc greeted m\\ other witii I'eurt in our Eyes, and returned Thaiib| to ( je K'ver ; bur coir.ing to the Place v/ he re we leltl L.em, we iuunci them funk and full of ^V;Uc;, wjileh ]ui.d gor inio the hollow of the Brunboe^: coiH n.irv t.> cuir F.xpecfation •, for wc thought tiirv •would nor, have admitted fb much as Air, but luve l^een iik'- lar^re Klwddtis fuli olown: Buc it -^'i'^^j e were CiMcks in them which we tiiti nor p- \cr: (Cive, and perh.ips made in rhem by our Carcidikn in v^urkiug tlum i ior th- X'eillrls madc:_ el m.iJ lw]i...\v Banlbo^■s are wont to hold W^^cv veid ivz-i; Mr. WAPER'^ Voyages, Sec. h%i This was a new Vexation to us, and how to pro- In danger jceed tlirthcr we knew not •, but Providence ftili di-o^ g«ing rei'bldll for the better: For if we had gone down ^,1^,°"^^^ ^ this kiver, which we afi^irwrds underflood to be a mi^es. (iver that runs into the River of Cheapo^ and fo to- River of Lv.irds the Bay of Pamiina and the South Sea, itCheapo, JAvoiikl have carried us into the midft of our Ene- jniies, the Spauiards, from whom we could exped: |no Mercy. liic Neighbourhood of tlic Mountains, and jSrcepnefs of the Defccnt, is the caufe that the Rivers jjifcthus fuddenly after thefe violent Rains •, but for [the fiinie Reafon they as fuddenly fall again. Bill to return to my Story : being thus fruflratcd [of our Defign of going down the Stream, or of crofling either of thefe Rivers, by Reafon of the linking of our Bark-logs, we were glad to think of returning back to the Indian Settlement, and Coafl-They ai» edup the River-fide in the fame "lYack we came ^'"'''^ to home by. As our Hunger was ready to carry our Eyes to any Objcd that might allbrd us fomc Re- li.f, it hapned that we efpied a Deer fad allcep : hVhich wc defign'd if poflible to get, and in order toil we came fo very near, that we might almoil ikiw: thrown our i'elvcs on him : But one of our Men putrmg the Muzzle of his Gun clofe to him, and the fnot not being wadded, tumblrd out, juft [before the Gun Vy-c^nc olf, and did the Deer no hurt i biitihriing up at the Noife, he took the River and Iwiim over. As long as our way lay by the River ■iide, we made a Ihitt to keep it well enough : But ! being now to take leave of the River, in order to [Icck tor the Indians Habitation, we were much at a lols. lliis was the Eighth Day, and we had no hsuilencnce be fide the ilAzav^iy-Berries we had got, pind t!v.- Pith of a /j''V')-Tree we met with, whicii [v-ip'ii and cat vltv lavourly. After I;, 1;. 1 i! {■■■ li : > % i>\i. M s82 Mr. VVAFER'j Voyaiesy «Scc. After a liccie Confideration what Courfc to llejri next, v/e concluded it bed to follow ti.e 'I rack oil a Pecar^j or Wild-llog, hoping ir might hrinut lince there v;as no a\oklinp a, lua concluded iliat one Ihould go up to ilic Hoine, while the rcil ilaid behind to jce the If lie. In ccn^ rhifion I went to the PlaiUatic^n, ;ipa1 it provaitiiJ lame that we c;;inc irom. Ihe hii'uins were alia- mazed to lee me, and bejjian to ask many Qieilions But I prevented tlnni by ialling ir.io a Sv,cun,i occafion'tl bv thie h.eat of the Ploufe, and die Kent' o[ the Meat that was boyling over the I'lrc. The Indians were very ofikious to help me in this Extrc mity, nnd when I, revived they gave me a littie to cat. Then they enquir'd of me for tiic other ; I Ten ', for whom they prefently fent, anJ l")roiigii'. u 1 but Gd'li\ who was kU a little furdicr oi;^ A treated us all very kindly : For our long-cxpcciid Guides were now returned from the North- fide, anr, gave large Comm.endaiions of the Kindnels and Gc- ncrofity of our Men , by which means all the /■;• dians were become now again our very good Friend The liLlhiu w.'iu was lo particularly kind to ii", perceiving Mr. G.Jjln v/as not yet arnvui artLc Plantatiof!, carried out Vitcuals to him, and .'Ucr he was a liLcle relTefhed with that, bronghr \m up to us. So that now we v/ere all tog'.'tl.er :^'l'''^\ and had a sreai deal of care taken oi us. The Indi a>r, re- ceive thtni Vindlv, t \' Mr. WAFT. RV Voydgcs, cVc, igj Here we fh.iycd 7 Dayj. to rt^frciii our Iclves, nncri'-ey fet tlicnrook our Majcli a|j;;iiii : J'oi v/c were defirous ''-'^i^^'"* [ogt't to the Norih-Sc»:is ir; loon a.'i 'ac could, and ^cy were now more ^villill^< r^, guide i!s iluui ever bf'orc; lince tlic Guiles oui iViLy too': witJitium, |i,i'.i not only been dilVnif.'d civijly, but witJi Pre- fcnts alio of Axes, B;:ad.s, ii\\ I'hc i/;^/w/7.f there- Bore of die Village where we now were, order'd 4 luiiv \oung Men to eondu<5t us down again to the iwr, over which the Tree was fallen, wf.o going DO V with a good will, carried us iliirher in one Day \ dicreas wc were 3 Days the hrll time in going thi- Itkr. When we caine thither, we marched about a ^Iii; up the River, where lay a Onoa, into which (iL ill imbarked, and th.e T ,/ ' , guided us up the km River which we before th«\)* miU'ake, had ftrove kgo oown. The hclians pad led i^^^utly againft the SiiLiiii till Niglu, and tlunwc lodgC'l at a Moufc, vliciT tliefe Men gave ilicii )arge Cornmentlaiions of Di;r Men, who were gone to the North-Sea, that k Mailer of the Houle treated us after the bell I'lner. The next Day we let out again with 2 munu more, who made 6 in all, to row or patl- Ue uo i and our Condition now was well altered. In 6 Days time alter this, they brought us to La- tniih Houfe, who had before faved our Lives. This Houfc is lituated on a fine little Hill, on Lacenta's fiiidi grows the ftateliell Grove of Cotton Trees ''^'ace. khatever I law. The Bodies of thefe Trees were Large generally 6 Foot in Diameter, nay fome 8, 9, to, Cotton I!-, for 4 7;/Jw;/^ and my felf took hand in hand'^'^"* bind a Tree, and could not fathom it by 3 Foot. Ktre was likewife a (lately Plantain-walk, and a jwvs of other fmall Trees, that would make a Pbf.int artificial Wildernefs, if Induflry and Art 'fie bf^n owed on it. ■ : ' i Tl le ir "^ it • ' ,) m \ 1 M ■ ^■ } ,1, i' \ , ' ' .*' 1 1 \ r 1 1 1 Ill J! 2 84 ^^'•- W A F E R 'j Voyajres, ficc. The Circumference of this plcafanc little Iljil I contains at lead loo Acres of Land -, and is x l\n ' i'ula of an oval Form, almofl furroundid wirli zl great Rivers, one c.iming from the Fall, thr other! from the Weft j which approaching within 40 Foot oil each othf-r, at the Front of the Pcninfnla, fcparate again, embracing the Hill, and meet on the otl^r Side, making there one pretty large River whicn runs very l\vift. There is therefore but one Way to come in towards this Scat ; which as I bffurcob- fervcd, is not above 40 Foot wide, between the Ri- vers on each Side i and 'tis fenced with hollow B.im- bocs. Popes- heads and Prickle-pears, lb thidUet from t^ne Side the Neck of Land to the other, tlut| 'tis impoflible for an Fnemy to approach it. On this I lill live 50 principal Men of the Coiin-l 'try, all under T.accnta's, Command, who is a Prince over all the South-part of the Jjlbmus of DaruTr}, the Ifuliiins both there and on the North- fide alloj payinp; h.in^ great Rcfped: But the South-fide id hi'. Countrv, and this Hill his Seat or Palace. There is onlv one, Canoa belonging to it, which iervcs to] ferrv over haccnta and the reft of them. LarcntA VVhi.'n we wctc arrived at this Place, Lacnitii dii- keeps charged our Ciuides, and fenr them back ag.iin, td- tlv.'inwiihjjj^g ^,^,^ ,-i-,.^{- »twas not polfible for us to ti\mlto| the North-fide at this Seafon -, for tlie rainy Seal" was now in its I leighth, and Travelling very hul; but told us we fhould ilay with him, and he wouH take care of us : And we were forc'd to comply! with him. We had not been long here before an Occurrence happen'd, which tended much to the increafingtiie good Opinion T.acenta and his People had concdv'd of us, and brought me into particular Efteerr.wthl ihcm. hinu k kv " I' aHmt little Iliji I ; and IS a IVnj/ rroundcd wkfi ji 2 Hall, tho other within 40 loot 01 lini'uhi, fcparate leet on the other irgc River whicn •c but one Way Ii as I bfforcob-l bt'twccn ihi'ki- I'ith hollow Bain- irs, \o thick led the other, tlu;| roach it. en of" the Conn- who is a Prince I bmits of D^r; );,| North- fide alio, he South-fide is I )r Palace. There which iervisto hem. I icc, LacrnU: dit- back again, tci- us to tnmltol tlie rainy Scion Ijing very had; and he wodd )rcM to comply c an Occ'.irrenre le incre;ifingriie c had concdv'd lar Efleerr.w^tM 285 *. li The indi- of lilting hlood. ts J, a uc a- n- Tlic A. cr blccdi La' cent a s Queen, nc it- ,a- ch ,ce It, ler 1'- IOC m- efl icliTheA. on much le- ^1^ puted for in- I his r:d le out 1^ 111 I ) .li^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^> ^.%t^ 1.0 I.I £ Itt |gO IL25 iu U4 ^. -^ ^ y *i ^j> > 7 k f'/'*M Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WiST MAIN STRUT WnSTM.N.Y. 14SM (716) •73-4503 ^ y* ^^> ^'V ^ ''l,-> a 284 I*;'" 15 Larenta I keeps cj them with j£^ him. ^1 . b a hi ii,»'. i\; •;: Qii." • [ ■« ^ 1 ( ••> . <'.' ' m^' \ Mr» WAFER'x Voyages^ &c. i%^ \[o happcn'd, that one of Lacenta's Wives be- lifpofed, was to be let Blood ; which the Indians The 7« thole th:t vJ^nted For tlioMgli I lofi my S.ilvt s ;ind Phif^er,, 'vhei| the Ni^ro ran av/:iy with my K':2pf id^ y(,j j prefrrv'd a Box of Inilruinenrs, and a f - Medi. camt'iits wrapt up in an Oil Cloth, ny iiavir'-thcm in my Pocket, where I generally carried them. I lived thus foinc Months amon[^ the Av'iaw who in a Manner ador'd nie. Some of thcfc hi ans had been Slaves to the Spaniarch, and had madi their l^fcapes ; which I fuppofe was tl.c Caufe ol, their exprefllng a l^efirc oi Baptifm : But more to have an European Name .'^iven them tlian for any thing they know of Chriftianity. He goes a During my Abode with 7.r?a';7/^, I often accom- Hunting panied him a Hunting, wherein he took great De- tl'!/d **" light, here being good Game. I was one Timei bout the Beginning of the dry Seafon, accompany ing him toward theSouth-Eall part of the Country and we pafs'd by a River where the Spnuianhwit ColdRi- g^ithering Gold. I took this River to be one of thofe vcr. which comes from the Gulph of St. Michael. When! we came near the Place where they wrought, we ftole fbftly through the Woods, and placing oor felves behind the great Trees, looked on them The way good while, they not feeing us. The Manner otij.uiioi- tfieir jretting Gold is as follows. They have littlt inij Gold. ^.^(jf|;'p Difhes which they dip foftly into the Waiter, and take it up half full of Sand, which they draw gently out of the Water-, and every dipping thsy take up Gold mix*d with the Sand Water, more or Icfs. This they fliake, and the Sand rifcth, and goes over the Brims of the Difh with the Water i| • but the Gold fettles to the Bottom. This done' they bring it out and dry it in the Sun, and the pound h in a Mortar. Then they take it cut an Ipread Mr. W A FE R J Voyages, Sec. 2 87 jread it on Paper, and having a Load-ftone they love that over it, which draws all the Iron, ^r. Irom it, and then leaves the (jold clean from Ore or fjhh , and this they bottle up in Gourds or Cala- ilhes. In this Manner they work during the dry calon, which is ^ Months •, for in the wet Time le Gold is wafhed from the Mountains by violent tains, and then commonly the Rivers arc very jtcp ; but now in the gathering Scafon, when they ire tullen again, they are not above a Foot deep. laving fpent the dry Scafon in gathering, they im- bark in fmall Veflcls for Sa}!ta Maria Town ; and santa they meet with good Succcfs and a favourable Maria. ime, they carry with them, by Report (for I (earnt thcle Particulars of a Spaniard whom we The Gold ^ook at Santa Maria under C^)mn Sharp) 18 or carried to 20000 Pound Weight of Gold : But whether they ^f* "'* *^''" rather more or Icis, 'tis incredible to report the Store of Gold which is yearly wafli'd down out of ikk Rivers. During thefe Progreiles I made with Lacenta^ my Companions (laid behind at l.is Seat \ but I had by this Time fo far ingratiated my felf with Lacentay that he would never go any wlurc without me, and plainly pcrceiv'd lie intended lo keep me in this 'ountry all the Days of my Life i v/hich raifed fcme anxious Thoughts in me, but I conceal'd them lis well as 1 could. Purfuing our Sport one Day, it hapned we ftart- a Pecary, which held the Indians and their Dogs |in Play the greated Part of the Day -, till Lacenta m almcn fpent for want of Victuals, and was fo troubled at his ill Succefs that he impatiently Iv/ilh'd for fome better Way of managing this Sort lot Game. I now underftood their Language pretty well, The A. ind finding what troubled him, I took chis Oppor- [^!^^^™°^- tunity depart. Iv. I I' w« H \ . h I* ■■ i ; >■' ■' «l i '. It < I.. 3 8 8 il/r. W A F E n:s Voyages, &c. tunity to attempt the getting my Liberty to depart by commending to him our EndiPj Docv. a„,) ' king an Offer of bringing him a tew o\ them from EnglaiuU if he would fulfcr me to go thither tori and 'tis fhort Time. He demurr'd at this Motion awhile, granted, j^^^ ^^ length he fwore by his Tooth, laying hii Fingers on it, that I fhould have my Liberty, ^and for my Sake the other 4 with me •, provided I would promife and fw^ir by my Tootli, that I would re- turn and marry among them ; for he had made me a Promife of his Daughter in Marriage, but llic was not then marriageable. I accepted of the Con- ditions : And he further promifcd, that at my Re- turn he would do for me beyond my Expeftarion. Hereturns I rcturn'd him Thanks, and was tlie next Day towards^ difmifs'd under the Convoy of 7 lufty Fellows: and Houfe*^ we had 4 Women to carry our Provifions, and my Cloaths, which were only a Linntn Frock andi pair of Breeches. Thefe I faved to cover my NV kedncfs, if ever I fhould come among Chriilians again •, for at this Time I went naked as the Salvages, and was painted by their Women ; but I would not fuffer them to prick my Skin, to rub the Paint in, as they ufe to do, but only to lay it on in little Specks. and arrives Thus we departed from the Neighbourhood of there. the South Seas, where Lacenta was hunting, to his Seat or Palace, where I arrived in about 15 Days, to the great Joy of my Conforts •, who had Ihid there during this hunting Expedition I made with Lacenta to the South-Eaft. After many Salutations on both Sides, and feme joyful Tears, I told them how I got my Liberty of ^ Lacenta^ and what I promifed at my Return i and they were very glad at the Hopes of gett ing away, after fo long a Stay in a Salvage Country. I .a ' i'l .1! Mr. WAFERS Voyages, &C. 289 1 (laid here fome few Days till I was rcfreflicJ, (1 then with my Companions marched away for e North-Seas, having a llrong Convoy of armed \%\um for our Guides. We travelled over many very high Mountains ; The main lailwecame to one furpafTing the rcflin Heighth, '^"'S*^ ^^ which we were 4 Days gradually afcending, tho' w iind then with fome Defcent between while. ing on the Top, I perceiv'd a (Irange Giddinefs my Head \ and enquiring both of my Compani- is, and the Indians^ they all aliurcd me they were the like Condition i which 1 can only impute to le Height of the Mountains, and the Clearnefs of e Air. I take this part of the Mountains to have en higher than cither that which we crofs'd witli !aptain Sharps or that which Mr. D^nnpicr and the fr of our Party crofs'd in their Return : For from is Kmincnce, the Tops of the Mountains over h we paffed before, feem'd very much below , and fometimes we could not fee them for the louds between •, but when the Clouds fiew over ic Tops of the Hill, they would break, and then could difcern them, looking as it were thro' fo ny Loop-holes. Idefired 2 Men to lie on my Legs, while I laid Head over that Side of the Mountain which moft perpendicular ; but could fee no Ground the Clouds that were between. The Indians car- us over a Ridge fo narrow that we were forced ftraddle over on our Breeches •, and the Indians k the fame Care of themfelves, handing their s, Arrows, and Luggage, from one to ano- >■• As we defcended we were all cured of our idinefs. hen we came to the Foot of the Mountain we nd a River that ran into the North-Seas, and r the Side of it were a few Lidian Houfes, which /«i/4«i ""ded Us indifferent eood Entertainment. Here Sett ' ,. Ill r T niei OL, MI. IJ we Settlc- in ■■'X ::m A ': t » . 1 1 1 lii-^HP i* '■ V\ , i >-/>'Au .»■■ N (!•' irir fll !•• ^ They come to thcbca- lidc. *9o AJr. W A F E R J roYa{res^ &:c. >yc lay one Night, it being the iiiillloulcl hri Iccn lur 6 Days i my Lodging by the w.iy uZJi in a Hammock made fall: to z Trees, and nw Co vering a Plantain-Leaf. The next Morning we fet forward, and in ? l);iv Time arrived at the Sea-fide, ami were met bv of the bed Sort of Indians in the Country, '\\.„ congratulated our coming and welconVd us to then indiatism Houfes. 'I'hey were all in their fined iiobcs, wliici Govvns '^''?' ^^^"^ ^'^"^^ (^owns, reaching to their Ancle with Fringes at the Bottom, and in tiuirl- lands the had half Likes. But of thefe Things, and liit! ther Particulars as I obferv'd dining my Abode this Country, I fiiall fay more when 1 conic todo fcribe it. We prcfently enquired of thefe Lidians wWwh expciHed any Ships ? They told us they knew noi The In- l-^^"^ would enquire*, and tiierefore they font lor oni riiam h\\ of their Conjurers, who immdiately wcnttownri tocor.ju- fQ r-^ife ti^c Devil, to enquire of him at wh.it ii ^^^^' a Ship would arrive here; for they are very cxpei and skilful in their Soi t of Diabolical Conjunuiini We were in the Houfe with them, and they tirll gan to work with making a Partition with Wi VAivAwing mocks, that the Pawazvers, for lb they call thel Conjurers, might be by themfelves. They com nued fome time at their Exercife, and we could he; them make molt hideous Yellings and Shrieks i in rating the Voices of all their kind of Birds an Beads. With their own Noife, they joynM iliati feveral Stones ftruck together, and of Conch-lhellj and of a forry Sort of Drums made of hollow Kan boes, which they beat upon •, making a iiriin Noife alfo with Strings fliften'd to the larger Bonj of Bead<:. And every now and then they wouj make a dreadful Exclamation, and clattering allj a fuddcn, would as fuddenly make a Paulc 'Ml profound Silence. But finding that after a cuniid Mr, VV A F E R V Voyages, &:c. 291 i.ible Time no Anfwcr was niacie them, they con- dmicd that 'twas bccaule we were in the Hoiif'c, and I'o turn'tl us out, and went to work again. Hut llill finding no Kcturn, after an Hour or more, tlu'V niadc a new Search in our Apartment i ami finding feme of our Cioarhs hanging up in a Basket :i(T.unlt the Wall, they threw 'em out of Doors in [great Dil'dain. Then they fell once more to their U\KC{i:ving \ and after a little Time they came out Kvirh ihcir Anfwer, but all in a Muck-fweat •, fo tliiU they firfl: went down to the River and wafhcd tlumfclves, and then came and deliver'd the Oracle '^l^c An* tons, which was to this EBcft : That the loth ^^y^^.l^^'^oZ [troni tlvit Time there would arrive 2 Ships i andj^;.;,;^, [that in the Morning of the loth Day we ihouldhear Ifirll one Gun, and fometime after that another ; Ithat one of us fliould die foon after •, and that go- ling aboard we fhould lofe one of our Gunr. : All hich fell out exadlly according to the Predidion. For on the loth Day in the Morning we heard the |Giins, firft one, and then another, in that Manner Two'^hips that was told us *, and one of our Guns or tufees''"'^^' ftas loft in going aboard the Ships •, For we 5, and of the Indians went off to the Ships in a Ca}ioa •, but as we crofs'd the Bar of the River it overfet, ^here Mr. Gopfov, one of my Conforts, was like io be drowned ; and tho' we recover'd him out of p Water, yet he loft his Gun according to the Prc- iidion. I know not how this happen'd as to his I'jn ; but ours were all lafh'd down to the Side of [hf Canoa : And in the Weft- Indies we never go in- |o a Canoa but a little Matter overfets, but w^ nake fill our Guns to the Sides or Seats: And T. [uppofc Mr. Gopfon, who was a very careful and enfible Man, had laili'd down his alfo, tho* not ''.! 'M' ,1. 1 ^lilii' • ! . ,.n. Being , ^ "il' r :: ( •' f -I t ■ % ♦•! ' ff I V t I '-f 291 Mr. \VAFER'.c K^>v7^f.f, ^c. Being ovcr-fccand our Canoa tiirnM iipfklcMlowti, \vc goL to Shore ;is well ns wo coukl, aniUli..'.;L\l Mr. Ciofjon with us, tho' with DifViculty. IhetVw nut ofKai^iiin, ami kept more along tiu- Si.orc, .■nJ.uj They go length Itooil over to /..7 .Vo//;/J'.. Key, whcic ihc : rflttotijc Ships lay, an Englijb Sloop, and a St,in'fj T.;n.;i] ^ ^^** which the E>i}iJ\lh had taken but 2 or :^ J.),iys b iurf. We knew by the Make of this lad that it wus a Sr.wk \'enel, before we came up with it: Biit fciin*; itin Company witli an Kh^HJJj one, we thought tluy mult be Confurts \ and whether the Sj^anijb Velicl ll prove to be under the Kag!;//.) one, or the ^-^ii^Jjh u dcr that, we were rcfolv'd to put it to the Vcnnire, and get aboard, being quite tir'd with our Stay a mong the wild Indians, 'i he Ifuiiafis were niorc atiaiil of itJi being aVeflel of 5^ ar.iayds^ their Enemies a, wc as ours : For this was another Particular thiy to! us 10 Days before, when they wcvc Paivazuini', th;i when their Oracle inforni'tl them that 2 \'cfTiii would arrive at this 'J'ime, they underflood hy tlu! J^icmons Anfwer, that one of them would be ;i Kn'^lifi one •, bur as to the other, he fpake ib dubi oufly, that they were much afraid it would be Sl'cuiHh one i and 'twas not without great Dirticiilt that we now perfwaded them to go aboard wiili 11^ which was another remarkable Circumllancc, iinci this >'ellel was not only a Spunifh one, but adiull under the Command of the Spnmanb at the Tiin of the Pdwazviug, and fonic Days alter, till takei by the Eugli/Jj. They and ^^^ \\'(^nt aboard the Engliflj Sloop, and our Ai/i| xhQindiansnn Friends with us, and were reccivM with iivcr [^c^ceur'aa-i^earty Welcome. The 4 Ku^liJImen \s\i\i mm prcfently known and careis'd by the Ship's Crew but I fat a while cringing upon my IJams nmoni the Indians^ after their Fafliion, painted as the; were, and all naked but only about the Waill, am with my Nofc-picce fof whicii more hereafter; ban: board. )rc IvjreaKcrj l^H Mr. W A F E R x Voyage^:, ^z. 29 j in(T over my Mouth. I was willing to try if thry knew iiK'in this DiijiuilV •, ;ind *tw.is the hrttcr Pare ol .in Hour bc^tore one oK the Crew, looking more narrowly upon mo, cry*d out, 1 1 ere* s our Do J or \ and iiiifiu'th.itely they all congratulated my Arrival among ilicm. I did what I could prrfently to vvaOiThcA. oiF my Paint; but 'twis near a Mc^nth before pvaihcsoff could \\n tf)l('rably rid of it, having had my Skin *^"' ***'"*• lo lung Aain'd with it, and the Pigment dry'd on in the Sun: And when it did come off, *lwa" ufually with the jueling oH* of Skin and all. As for Mr. Mr.Go;>/tfi» (n'lfj):^ we brought liim alive to the Ship, yet he^'"' did not recover his Fatigues, and his drenching in tilt; Warcr, but having languifli'd aboard about 3 Days, lie • cd aboard for about 6 or 7 iTays ; and many others ""' "^'""^ of them, who went to and fro with their Wives and Children, and Larenta among them, vifjting us a- bo ita Fo! tnight or 3 Weeks, we at length took leave .n; flic-m, except 2 or t, of tliem who would necdb i^nvvith us to Windward ; and we fet fail, with the T.ivtanc in our Company, firft to the more P'adern TJi^y 1^' lOcsof \.\\Q Samballocs^ and then towards the Coaft:[j.'_^',j** ^iCartngem, _ Cartagcne But I Ihall not enter into the Difccurfc of our Voyanre after this, Mr. Dampier, who was in the fame Veiled, having done it particularly. It may fuffice j'lft 10 intimate. That I was cruifing with him up The Ak land down the IVejl-Iudia Coail and'^Ifland, partly ^•j"''<''"p under Capt. lyrigbt, and partly under Capt. 'l'iwk\ i^y']^,]]!^^ jtill inch time as Capt. 2Ji^'/rv left Mr. Dumpier and with Mr. Ithercft under Capt. iyrigih\ ut the IHe of Salt Tor-i^^^^Mr, Pi?, as Mr. 7:>/7/////Vt relates in the 3d Chapter of his^'^^^'^''^^* mu'lt^ round the JFcrhl^ P- 5^- I^^ent then awayrj^fty. pifh Capt. i'^^;;^v firft to the Ille of 4/h where thcl.of y//'. |i/j'/.v5 took uSj as he relates occafionally, Chap. 4. U 3 p. Ob'. I 1, !|h I;, ii I' I," , 1 1 \ ■'■;ll- I . "1, I ■>:/ ' ' -^^ t I mmmmmim^^imm ^1 ,i i Z94- Mr, W A F E Ks Voyages, &c. p. 6S. as alfo their turning us there afhorci our being taken in by Capt.Tri//irt;7 another l'rencb^\xx[; his carrying us with him ahnoll to Pctit-Giurcss •, our Men icizing the Ship when he was gone aihorc, carrying it back to the Ifle of Aih^ ami there lakin/r in the reft of our Crew : I'iie taking the I'r^n.ch Ship with Wines, and the other in which Capt. CmJ^ v ho was then of our Crew, went afterwards to the Souih- Seas, afrci- having firft been at Virq^inia : Soth.it we arrived in yirgiuui with thefe Prizes about S or n Months after Mr. Dampicr came thither. I lit our with him aUo in that new Expedition to the Souil- Seas under Caj)t. Cook^ tiiough he forgot to mention With Mr. inc in that Part of his Voyages. We went rot. mi Da*»p,cr, ^;.....j j,,/ ;,^^^,^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ .^^ ^j^^ South-Scu Co.i!), along ChUi^ Pcnt^ and Mexico^ as he relates at '.ar^r in his 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th Chapters, \\ ii\. There he tells lunv Capt. Davis, who haJ lucctc(l(Ci Capt. Oy^/v at his Death, broke oft" Confortl].ij) vifh Cnpt. Sicaii, wiiom we had met with in the Soulli- ind r^'fs Seas. That hii:"felf being defirous to ftand over to '^ hnn t_j^e E:ifl- Indies, went aboard Capt. S-u;jn : But I His A ni- val in He goes lull) the S. Seis VI iCTC. remained aboard the (lime Ship, now under C;\pi. Davis ^ and return'd with him the way I came. Some few PartiniJars that I obferv'd in that Return, I r:>;sRel2. Ihall fpeak of at the Conclufion of the Took: In lion dif- ji^j. niean while, having given this Sumnuuy uCcoiint ^^^10 dc '-^^ ^he Courfe of my Travels, from my inll parting fcribe ihe widi Mr. Dampicr in the Ijlhmus, till my hiil leaving i;ihmui. him in the Soutb-Seas, I ftiall now go on with tlic particular Defcription of the Ijlbmus ol /li)in:.d, which was the main Thing I intcnd-d in publiHiug thefc Relations, F M:\ Mr. W A F E R V Voyages, &c. i^i £^ i^ ^7^ -'^^^^'^ «7(%^ 'Ti'^ ^^'^'' •'^ <^ ^^ t!^ •ESSt yl/r. Wafer'j T^efcriptionoj /^^ Ifthmus w/?/j. It is moilly compre- Breadth. hended between the Latitudes of 8 and 10 N. but its breadth in the narroweil Part, is much about one Deo;ree. How far it reaches in leno;th Weftward un- Length; dcr the Name of the Ijlbmus of Darien •, whether •IS far as Honduras^ or hlicara'iua, or no further than the River Chagre^ or the Towns of Portobel and Piirawiiy I cannot fay. This laft is the Boundary of what I mean to de- fcribe-, and I fliall be moil particular as to the mid- dle Fart even of this, as being the Scene of my A- bode and Ramble in that Country : Tho' what I fliall have occafion to lay as to this Part of the lftb>/ius, v/ill be in fomc Meafure applicable to the Country even beyond Panama. Were \ to fix particular Limits to this narroweflBounds of Part of :e Avierkan Ijthmus., I would alfign for its what is Wcllerr i erm, a Line which fliould run from the J^^'^Jj]^^'"^ Mouth of the River Chw^re., where it falls into the iNordi-Sca, to the ncarcft Part of the South-Sea, Wellward of Panama i including thereby that City, and Portobel, with the Rivers of Cheapo and Cha^re. And I fliould draw a Line from Point Garachuiay or U 4 the ,,,, '^*rlili ^ii ; I' • > ' ! l! 'I.H \. I'i .1' '' I lit II :! i' rr !' i- h - .), )^ ; i .■ . i ,fM. I :•, 29^ Its Situati- on. lAands on each fide. Bay of Panama. The Face of the Land, Hills and Vales. Waters. Main Ridge of Hills. Mr. WAFERS Voyages, &c. the South-part of the Gulph of St. Michael, diria Jy Eail, to the neareft Part of the great Kivu ot Darien, for the Eaftern Boundary, fo as ro take Caret Bay into the Jfthmus. On the Noith and South it is fiifficicntly bounded by each of thefe vaft Oceans : and confidcring that this is the nar- rowefl: Land that disjoins them, and how excecdine great the Compafs is that muft be fetch'd from one ihore to the other by Sea, fince it has the North and South America for each Extreme, 'tis of a very fingu- Jar Situation, ^ ry plcafant and agreeable. Nor doth citiier of thefe Oceans fall in at once up- on the Shore, but is intercepted by a great many valuable Iflands, that He fcatter*d along each Coait; The Baftvnento's and others •, but efpecially the lonfr Range of the Sambalhr's, on the Nortli-lide •, and the King^s or Pearl JJlands^ Perica and others in the Bay of Panama, on the South-fide. I'his Bay is caus'd by the bending of the Illhmus : And for the bignefs of it, there is not, it may be, a more plca- fant and advantageous one any where to be found. The Eand of this Continent is almoft every where of an unequal Surface, diftinguifli'd with Hills and Valleys, of great Variety for Heighth, Depth, and Extent. I'he Valleys are generally waterM with Rivers, Brooks, and Perennial Springs, with which the Country very much abounds. They tall fome into the North, and others into the South-, and do mod of them take their Rife from a Ridge or Chain of higher Hills than the reft, running die lengtii ot t\\t Ijthiuus, and in a manner parralici to the Shore; which for dillincuon's-fake, I Ihall call the Mm Ridge. This Ridge is of an unequal Breadth, and trends along bending .is the Ijfhmus it fclf doth. 'Tis in moft part neareft the Edge of the North-Sea, Itl- dom above loor 13 Miles diftant. We had aiw.iyi a f,ur and clear View of thq Norch-Sea ironi thence, ann Sea irora thence, Mr. WAFERV Voyages, &c. 297 indthc various Makings of the Shore, together with Fine Prof- jic adjacent Iflands, rendered it a very agreeable Pe'^^* Profpeift J but the South-Sea I could not lee from ly hirt of the Ridge. Not that the dilhince of it Irom the South-Sea is fo great, as that the Eye could liot reach fo flir, efpecially from fuch an Eminence, )?erc the Country between a Level or Champian : Jut though there are here and there Plains and I'allcys of a confiderable Extent and fome open ?Lices, yet do they lie intermix'd with confiderable lills i and thofe too fo cloath'd with tall Woods, bat uhey much hinder the Profpc(5t which would ^therwife be. Neither on the other fide is the mainniilsto iidge difcern'dfrom that Side, by Reafon of thofe the S.of lills that lie between it and the South-Sea: uponjjl^"^^'" cending each of which in our Return from the ^ ^^' Soudi-Sea, we expedled to have been upon the main (idge, and to have feen the North- Sea. And tho* lill the further we went that way, the Hills we |[rofs'd feem'd the larger -, yet by this means, we vere lefs fenfible of the Heighth of the main Ridge, [lian if we had climb'd up to it next way out of a )\v Country. On the North-fide of the main Ridge, there are N. fide all Richer no Hills at all, or fuch as are rather gentle* ^^rcft. )eclivitics or gradual Subfidings of the Ridge, than lills diilind from it : And though this Side of the Jountry is every where covered with Woods, and mt univerfally too, for it is all one continued Fo- eft, yet the Eye from that Heighth commands the els diflant Northern Shore with much eafe and Pleafure. Nor is the main Ridge it felf carried on every B4eal' f :(- "■>i i" ' ' .i \^ H^ I The Ri vers. Brooks and 298 J\Ir. WAFER J Voyages, ^c. "Ridge it fclf the more iifcful and habitable, foj^i rhey fomc of them fo deep in their DefceFU, a^ e ven to admit a PaflTage for Rivers. For thus tb R.C/^ hy Caret Hiver of Diirit'n^ and is the only Harbour in it, ^1 ^^y* the l^romontory near GnlHrn Jflaml, the Shore o^ t.'-J ffllmus is indifferently fruitful, partly Sandy ^' but pare of it i^ drowned, fwampy. Mangrove I :w^ \V;;r k ountry arc fome ol ■)utlct. But in K' Mr. WAFER'j Voyages, &c. 299 ^icrc there is no going afliorc but up to the Middle Mud. Ihe Siiorc of this Coall rifcs in HiiJs relcntly, and the main Ridge is about 5 or 6 iics (litlanr. Caret Buy hath 2 or '] Rivulets of cfn Water fulling into it, as I am informed •, for I ivc not been there. It is a little Bay, and two fiall IHancis lying before it, make it an indifierent joJH'irbour, and hath clear Anchoring Ground, [iiiiout any Rodvs. 'I'hefe Iflands arc pretty high and, cloathed with variety of Trees. To the Weilward of the Cape, at the I:-ntrancef^"7 near lf the Kiver Dnricn, is another fine fandy Bay. Jn''^" ^''^' Ic Cod of it lies a little, low, fwampy Ifland •, [he^Kiver |)0'.it which 'tis Ihole Water and dirty Ground, notot Danen. ror Shipping-, and the H-jorc of the IJlhmus be- ',"' ^hc d and about it, is fwampy J.,and overgrown with .,'''" ^*'^ langrovcsi till after 3 or 4 Miles the l-and alccnds '^ 10 the main Ridge. But though the Cod o^' this ay bt; Jo bad, yet the entrance of it is deep Wa- r, and hard fandy bottom, excel K:nt for anchor- and has 3 Iflands lying before it, which make Inn extraordinary good Marbour. 'I'he Kaftcrmoll thcfe 3 is Golden IjUndy a fmall one, with a f^lr^'^^^^'i ^ keu Channel between it and the Main. It is rocky pd llccp all round to the Scd, ("and thereby natu- lllylortified) except only the Landing-place, which ^'•ood la fmall fandy Bay on the Soutii fide, towards '^'^^^''• Harbour, from whence it gently riles. It is mo- btdy high, and cover'd with fmall I'rees or pbs. The Land of the IJthmUi oppofite to it, to South-F.aft, is excellent fruitful Land, of 3 lack Mold, with Sand interniix'd ; and is pretty |vtl for 4 or 5 Mile, till you come to the foot the Hills. At this place we landed at our going [0 the South-Seas with C-i.\>\.. Sharp, I have been ^orc at this Golden Ijland^ and was lying in the irboiir near it for about a Fortnight together be- 1 1 went into the Soi>ib-Seas. Near the Kallern- Poi'u .>M r i Pm :;f!i!3r If,; ^1 i i< 1 IV, i) I I;: ':,^ I I I'r mm^ I' Anoihcr ifland. Iflandof Pmei- 300 Mr. WAFER'j Voyager, ^z. Point of the Bay, which is not above \ or 4 fJ longs diftant from Golden JJland, there is a Rivulej of very good Water. Weft of Golden IJland lies the biggcfl of i.hc that face the Bay \ it is, as a large low fwnmpy IJ fland, fo befet with Mangroves, that it is diff^ci!! to go alhorc \ nor did any of us care to attempt I'J having no Bufinefs in fuch bad Ground. Ir llisvc] ry near a Point of the Ijthmus^ which is fuch a %^. of Ground too •, for a Mile or 2 farther Wcftwardj and ^uch alfo is the Ground on the other Side, qm-g into the Cod of thr* Bay. This Ifland is fcarcc \,m[\ cd from the lilhuius but at High-water \ and tvei then Ships cannot paf^ between. I'he IJlaml of Pines is a fmall Ifland tn the Nc of tlie other 2, making a Kind of Triangle v/r'J them. It rifes in 2 Hills, and is a very remarkab'K Land off at Sea. It is cover'd all over vithi^oo tall Trees, fit for any Ufe •, and has a line Kivulf of frefli Water. The North ot it is rocky, as the oj)pofitc Shore of the JJlhvius. On the Sod you go nfhorc on the Ifland at a curious Sand !>r J iricloied between 2 Points like a Half-MfKHi ; tliere \% very good Riding. You may fail (|a;'J I'ound the Ifland of Pines •, but to go to GV': -i Hand Harbour, you muft enter by the Ivall end o3 Golden Iflands, between that and the Main \ \m there is no pafTing between it and the great lovH Hand. The'horc I'rom thcfc Iflands, and the low Iwampy I'o;^ roHoinr oppofite to them, the Shore runs North Wcitciiyfi ^^;>»^4//y thofe of our Country call'd, 'Tickle tneji^ig,^^, mkl\ Hiirbour. amckty All along from hence to Point Sanhalias^ lie thc"^""''^"^- ^(iinkHws lllands, a great Multitude of them fcat-"^^'"^''^^**^ [tering in a How, and collaterally too, at very une- "' 'j:il l)iflanc(rs, fome of one, fome 2, or 2 Mile and halt, tr(^m the Shore, and from one another -, iiich, with the adjacent Shore, its Hills and perpc- jal Woods, make a lovely J.andfchape off at Sea. here are a great many more of thefe Iflands than oiild well be reprefented in the Map -, fome of them illo being very fmall. They feem to lie parcell'd lout ill Cluflers, as it were ; between which gcneral- y, dure are navigable Channels, by which you r.ay enter within them \ and the Sea between the olc Kange and the Jjlhmns is navigable from End i ,11(1, and affords every where good anchoring, an hard fandy (iround, and good Landing on the lOands and Main. In this lontz Channel, on the Jn- jfiilc of fome or other of thofe little Keys or lllands, be the Winds how they will, you never tail of a good Place for any Number of Ships to riiie at ; fo ili):t ihis was the grt ateil Rendezvous of the ^''I'iva-^^ Sound'% mson this Coalf. •, but chiefly La Souml'a Key., orKcy. iri)iiir\ Key., efpccially if they ftaid any Time^/"'"'^''''* icrc-, :vs well becaufe thefc 2 lilands afford a good^^^^* pehcr for careening, as becaufe they yield Wells of 'relh Water upon digging, which few of the rcQ: lo. The Snmhalioe'ii are generally low, flat, fandy ,ilands, covered with Variety of Trees *, [efpecially Trees in [with Mammees, Sapadilloes, and Manchineel, ^^.the s«w- Heiidc die Shcll-fiOi, and other Refrcflimcnts they *""''''• afford i itj" I il.i .,'- SI f 'r : ■: I !: ' •) M ; H^ ' ( i \ '!<,t: tf -".-i .., .302 Mr. W A F E R J Voyages, ^c afford tlu' I^rivatccis.] 'Jhc outcrmoll Kc-s wards the main S(a, arc rocky on ih.it Side and arc calicil the Kiltc Kcys;^ rhcir oppofitc Sides arl iiincly, as the inncrmolh Keys or Klands urc, aJ there Is ;i Kidge alio of Rocks lyin^i; oil' at Su o] the (Jui-fule, which appear above Wattr at fomj half a Mile diltancc, and extend in len^rth asl'ir; La SouHil's Key, if not farther, and evi-n ihc SA between, and the Shore of the iiumbuiloc^ it Iclt fj tliat Side, is all rocky. 'Ihc lonp; Channel between the Samhalln^s andtJ or 2 to ti Hidgc Channel ^^'•'^ hlhmus is of 2, -^ and 4 Miles breadth; and dj am ^ '"^^ ^]\^f^^^>ol{ i\^^ Jjlbnius is partly Sandy Buys, aiid i;art| ly Mangiovc J ,:ind, quite to Vo\nii^amballa\ 11 Mountains arc much at the fame Dillancc ot 6or' R ofCcw-]VJile from the Shore •, but about the River ofCicl t''ptio'>^^^cej)tirjn^ which comes out about a Mile c cialt. ^':iffcward of J .a Sormd^ Key, the main fomewhar further diftant. Many little Brooks h!| into the Sea on cither Side of that River, and rnJ Outlets are fome of them in the Sandy Bay, anJ fonv o( them among the Mangrove I .and •, i'A Svvamjis of which Mangrove ar(t fon this Coalij nuule by the Salt Water, lo that the Brooks whicH come out there are brackifh •, but thofe in th'jSaiuljl Bay yield very fwect Water. None of thidt; Out] Jets, not the River of Conrcptiov it fclf, are d(e|[ enough to admit of any VefPei butCanois, ihc vers on this part of the Coait being nuincrousbuj fliallow \ but the fine Riding in the Channel make) Good any other I larbour ncedlefs. I have been up ad Landing, ({own moll" Parts of it, and upon many oi (w I| flands, and there the going afliore is always calvj But a Sea-wind makes a great Sea fomctimcs Li in upon the fjlhinus^ eipecially where a Channel uj pens between the Klands •, fo that 1 liavc L-cn overj f let in a Canoa going alhor e in one River , and in pntj ting ulf to Sea from another, "i'he (jrouiid herea-j abOiuJ \n I i 3C5 Mr. WAFER s Voyages, &:c. )Uis is an excellent Soil within Land, rifmg up Utly 10 the main Ridge, and is a continued I'oreih \\ itattly Timber- 'l>ces. Vu'miSanballas is a rocky Point, pretty long and Point .^4>j )w, and is alio fo guarded willi Rocks for ;i iMile^*'^*'- jff at Sea, that it is dangerous coming near it. frum hence the Shore runs Well, and a little Nor- bly, quite to Portobcl. About ;^ Leagues Weft- yard from this Point lies Port Scrivayi. The Coall Ltwcen them is all rocky, and the Country within .and all woody, as in other Parts. Port Sirivan is a good Harbour, when you ^LYCScnvan-- loi into it •, but the I'.ntrance ot" it, which is fcarccP^ru Furionj^ over, is fo befet with Rocks on eacji Side, but efpeciaily to the Laft, that it is very dan- gerous going in : Nor doth there fcem to be a )cpth of Water fufFicient to admit Veflels of any Jiilk, there being in moft Phucs but ^ or 9 Foot ^V.itcr. The Infide of the I [arbour goes pretty ileep within tl\c Land •, and as there is good Riding, a fandy Bottom, efpeciaily at the Cod of ic, lich is alfo fruitful Land, and has good frcHi Water, fo there is good Landing too on the I""aft md South, where the Country is low for 2 or 3 liles, and very firm Land v but the WeR-fide is a Swamp of red Mangroves. It was here at this Red Man Swamp, as bad a Paflfage as it is, that Capt. Cnx on, gnoses. la Sound, and the Privateers landed in tlie Year 167S-9, when they went to take Portobel. They bd by this Means a very tedious and wearilomc March i but they chofe to land at this Diftancc from |the Town, rather than at the BaiiimcnU/s or any Rcirer Place, that they niighc avoid being difcover'd 3y the Scouts whicii the Spaniards alvvays keep in |thcir Neighbourhood, and fo might furprize them. '^nl they did, indeed, by this Mtnins avoid being fern'd, till they came within an Hour's March |«f ihe Town ; tho' they travelled along the Coun- try H'li m ' t :ff ft Mr. ill I ,. rj' . I ti;i \: \'^Jl0fhf.' i " ^:| ' 1 « .1 \i \. U 30+ Mr. W A F E R'j Voyages, 6vc. try for 5 or ^ Days. The ShamanU m.ikc noTrJ ot rhi'j Pore .'>rrr; /;; •. and unlcfs a Privaicn-, or J rambling Sloop ])ut in lu-ie by Charuv, no Vdl"! vifits it in many Years. From Port .SVri w;; to tho Place where n^od tor. mcrly the City of Nwihre de J)io>\ 'tis rurrluT \Vc(K ward about 7 or S Leagues. The J.aml between isl very uneven, with fmall ilills fteep againfl: tiKtSeiJ the Valleys between them waterM with forry little Rivers. 'I'he Soil of the Hills is rocky, producinir but fmall (hrubby Trees ; the Valleys are Tome rj good Land, fome of Swamps and Mantrrovcs.^ The main Kidge here feems to lie at a <;ood Di-Hg fiance from the Sea-, for it was not dircernible in^ this March of the Privateers along the Shore 10 For- NtmlreJe^^^^^^- "^'^^ Place where Nombre d: Dim flood isthel Vios. Bottom of a Bay, clofe by the Sea, all over-grown with a Sort of Wild-Canes, like thofe us'd by our Anglers in E}jgJa}uJ, There is no Sign of a '1 own remaining, it is all fo over-run with thefe Canps.| The Situation of it feems to have been but very in- different, the Bay before it lying open to the Sca,| and affording little Shelter ^or Shipping-, which I iiave heard was one Re dbn wi y the Sfamariii for-| fook it : And another, probably, was the Un healthinefs of the Country it felf, it being I'uch !owi fwampy Land, and very fickly i yet there is a Hi vulet of very fweet Waters which runs clofc by the] Fafl-fide of the Town. The Mouth of the Har- bour is very wide ; and tho* I have heard that thcrel lie before it 2 or ^ little Keys, or Kocks, yet they [ afforded no great Security to it. So that the Sxvi:- ards were certainly much in the right, for quitting | this Place to fettle at Portobel i which tho* if be al- fo an unhealthy Place, yet has it the Advantage of| a very good and defenfible Harbour, y ' 1 ' ^ AboiiC of thi Ifthmns of America. 305 About a Mile or 2 to the Weftward of thefe lall Iflands, at the Mouth of the Bay of Noinbre Dws, and about lialf a Mile or more from the lore, lie a few Iflands call'd the Bajlifne>ao*s, for'- ^^fi}- imoft part pretty high, and one pecked, and all '"'"'"*'* lath'd with Woods. On one of them, rpart of lich alio was a fandy Bay, and a good Riding ' Landing-place) there is a Spring of very good atcr. I was afliorc at this Ifland, and up and (wii among the reft of them -, and all of them to* ithcr make a very good Harbour between them 1(1 the Ifthmus. The Bottom affords good ancjio- T ; and there is good coming in with the Sea- id between the Kallermoft Ifland and the next to ^ and going out with the i and'wind tlie fame way, lis being the chief Fafl^age. Further Weft, before iiomi: to P or tok/, lie 2 fmall Iflands, flat, and Two 0* hcuc Wood or Water. 1 hey are pretty clofctheriricf» jether •, and one of them I have been afliore up- 1. The Soil is fandy, and they arc environ'd with icks towards the Sea ; and they lie fo near the 'mui that there is but a very narrow Channel be- leen, not fit for Ships to come into. The Shore of the Jjlhmus hereabouts confifts lilly of Tandy Bays, after you are pail a Ridge of cks that run out from the Bay of Nomhre cle Di- , pointing toward the BaJlmento*s. Beyond the The ijlimento's to Portcbel, the Coaft is generally Nei{^h- Icky. Within Land the Country is full of high^^^^^S^ Id deep Hills, very good Land -, moft woody, the yy7/5»- Icfs where cleared for Plantations by Spanifh Indi- tnus. ', tributary to Porlobel, whither they go io ^M^ifrt Jh- lUrch. And thefe arc the firfl: Settlements on "*"^* CoaR under the Spar.iflj Government, and lie iitering in lone Houfes or httle Villages, from ijcc to Portobel and beyond ; with fome Look- its or Watches kept towards the Sea, for the Safe- of the 'J'own. In all the refl: of the Norih-fidc Vol. III. X rl W ',^ i*' I: i ; t \ i ■hi I i % f I , ^ IJ. ^V^- ; I •:: ,f. hw n .1 i r i'l ■ lU !. 1 ■LI . 'i i:?; 3 o6 ;V/r. VV A F B R 'x "Defcriptior. of the IJibmus, which I liave deicribcd hiihtrto tti Spanianls had neither Command over the h'suin nor Commerce wich them while I was there, ihm there are Indians inhabiting all alon^r the Coniinmr yet one has told me iince, that tlic j;;.i;;u/jj J won them over to them. Portohel, Portobcl is a very tair, large and commodioj The Har- Harbour, aHbrding good Anchoring and goo •Jour- Shelter for Ships, having a narrow Mouth, J rereading wider within. The Galleons tioni^.j find good Riding here during the 'i'iint; of M Biilincfs at Portobcl •, for from hence they takel fuch of the Trcafurcs of Peru as are brought tl.itiJ ThcForts. over Land from Panama, The Kntrancc of J Harbour is fecur*d by a Fort upon the left Hail going in •, it is a very llrong one, and the hllaj is made morelecure by a Block-Iioufe on thcotJ Side, oppoliie to it. At the Bottom of the H^ hour lies the Town, Ixjnding along the Shore Half-moon: In the Middle of which upon thel is another finall low Fort, environ'd with lloufj except only to the Sea : And at the Weft-end ofi Town, about a Furlong from the Shore, upon] gentle Riling, lies another Fort, pretty large aj very ilrong, yet ovcrlook*d by a Ncighbourij Hill further up the Country, which Sir licnr^ .1/1 gan made ul'e of to take the Fort. In all m± hi there may be about 2 or ;^oo Spamih Soldiers InGJ rifon. The Town is long and narrow, having tj principal Streets be fides thofe that go a-crols ; w| a fmall Parade about the Middle of it, furroiiaii with pretty lair Houfes. 'I'he other Houlcs al and Churches are pretty handlbmc, after the^^/^W Make. I'he Town lies open to the the Counij without either Wall or Works •, and uc the Ea Road to fide of it, where the Road to Panama goes out (j Panama, ^^j^jf^ q{ Hills that lie to the Southward or Town, and obftrua the dire«5t Pullage; dierelie: lol The Town cf the Ifthmus of America. 307 [long Stable running North and South from the [Town CO which it join',. This is the King's Stable The K'l for the Mules that are imploycd in the Koad betwixt ^'*^^'^- this and Panama. The Uovcrnour's lioule is clofeThe Go- b/ the great Fort, on the fame Kifing, at the Weft vcmour's ot the town. Between the Parade in the Middle "^"^'^• lot the Town, and the Governour's Houfc, is a [little Creek or Brook, with a Bridge over it ; and at the Kalt-cnd, by the Stable, is a Imall Rivulet ofRivulrt. IfreOi Water. I have already faid that it is an un- Bad Air. Ikalthy Place. The Kaft-fide is low and Iwainpy v and the Sea at low "Water leaves the Shore within the Hvirbour bare, a great way trom thelloufcsi which having a black lilthy Mud, it ftinks very linuch, and breeds noifom Vapours, through the iHwt of the Climate. From the South and the jEail-fides the Country rifes gently in Mills, which are partly Woodland and partly Savannah \ but jthcre is no great Store either of Fruit-trees or Plan- [rations near the Town. This Account J have had Ifrom fevcral P.ivateers juft as they return'd from Yir'M •, but I have not been there my fclf. The Country beyond this Weft-ward, to the'^hcCoalt iMoudi of the River Cha\^rtf^ 1 have feen oft' at Sea : {[^^"^^Jf^^ iBui not having been afliore there, 1 can give no o- ' ' "^ |iher Account of it, but only that it is partly hillyv id near the Sea very much fwampy i and I have Ikard by feveral that there is no Communication jbetwcen Portobcl and the Mouth of that River. I have been yet further Weft ward on this Coaft, Ibdore I went over the Ijlhmus with Capt. Sharps Iraiiging uj: and down and carrecning at bocca 'Toro bocca Tore land Bocca Draqo \ but this is without the Verge of andfiocf* jthoQ Bounds \ have fet my felf. ^'''^'■ Having thus furvey'd the North-Coaft of the The s. Sea If' v:/j, J ftiall take a light Mew of the South al-^-^^^o/ liti; Bui \ {]-!;;i] tiic ir^: need to be partirular m it, ^^y/-' X .i becaufe I' i ft p. L:i li I',' 1 1 1 . I* ■i> : ', l\. I "'I If^Ki i I !l Point G4 rathma. Cnpe St Lorenz.0 308 Mr. WAFER'j "Defcription becniifc Mr. Dumpier hath in fome Mcafure de.H^^* Icrib'd this piirt of it in his P'oyngc round tb" lV:v,i;mkYi\\ I'o berjn therefore from Point Gamrhina^ whidiB^^i^' makes the Wed- fide of tlie Mouth of the RiverB^^'^'^ of Scimho^ this Point is pretty high fafl Land-, biitB^^- within towards the River, it is low, drowned Min-B^^^ gp>ve, and fo arc all the Points of Land to CapeBp'^^ Saint Lorr}:z,o. ■Riv K.Sarnh. The River of Samho I have not feen ■, but itia faid to be a pretty large Riv^r. Its Mouth opens J the North •, and from thence the Coall bean Gulpli of North -Eaft to the (iulph of St. Michael. Tl S.iVi/c<&.je/G^||p|i is made by the Outlets of feveral RiversJ the moft noted of which are the River of 5,«j JlLtria^ and the River ot Congo ; tho' there aie oj thers of a confiderable Bignefs. Of rhefe RiversJ to the Southward of Sar/la Maria, one is calleij Cold R. the Gold River, affording Gold Duit in great ty .* For hither the Spaniards of Panama and ^.id Maria Town bring up their Slaves to gather up tlij Gold Dull. The next to the Gold f? iver is that of Santa A//ij ria^ fo called from the 'Lown of that Name fjate(| on the South-lide of it, at a good Diilance froti the Sea. It was along this River we came, wheJ we firft entree the South Seas withCapt. Sharp., llandj ing over it, from the Bay by Golden Ifland, where \vj landed. We then took the Town of Santa M(if\ in our way •, which was garrifon*d with aboii 200 Spanifh Soldiers, but was not very flrong, vins no Walls ; and the Fort it felf was fecur'j with Stockadoes only, or Pallifidocs. This is bu a new Town, being built by the Spaniard ot ^m ma, partly for a Garrifon and Magazine ot Provir on, and partly for Quarters of RefreH-imcni, ml| retiring Place for their Workmen in theT/^.''; The Country all about here is woody R. ^antA Siaria. Santa Maria Town. Tlic ver .;!; Country ]q^v, and very unhealthy i the Rivera being about. -^ . '■0 oxq ' :\ a. tho' there aie here is vvoouy Rivers being lb o.izj of the Ifthmus of America. 309 jthatthe (linking Mud infeds the Air: But the little Viluige of Scuchadero lies on the Right- fide of ihtScuchade- River of 5'^^//^ Maria, near the Mouth of it, is**^^* featcd on faft rifing Ground, open to the Giilph of |St. Michael, and admitting frefh Breezes from the Sea ; fo that this is pretty healthy and fcrves as a Iphce of Refrefliment for the Mines ; and has a fine iRivulet of very fweet Water ; v/hereas thofe Ri- sers are brackifli for a confiderable way up the |Coiir).try. Between Scuchadero and Cape St. Lorenzo, \v\\[c\\K.Con^o.. makes the North-fide of the Gulph of St. MicbaeJ, he River of Congo fails into the Gulpii \ which Ri- m is made up of many Rivulets, that fall from :he Neigbouring Hills, and join into one Stream. 'he Mouth of it is muddy, and bare for a gie.it fay at low Water, unlcfs juil in the Depth ol the Channel ; and it affords little Entertainment lor ^hipping. But further in, the River is deep fenoiigh ; fo that Ships coming in at high Water [light find it a very good Harbour, if they had any Julmefs here. The Gulph it fclf hath fcvcral I-drpbof Hands in it ; and up and down in and about thcm,'*"^^- ^^^'•• liere is in many Places very good Riding -, {qx^ ' lie moil Part in oazy Ground. Thelflanels alfo, Specially thofe towards the Mouth, make a good plter; and the Gulph hath room enough for a lukitude of Ships. The Sides are every where iirrounded with Mangroves, growing in wet fwani- \j Land. North of this Gulphis a fmall Creek, where we 7 h? Land Med at our Return out of the Seas •, and the Land to the N. etween thefe is partly fuch Mangrove Land as the ^^J^^ ther, and partly Sandy-Bays. From thence the land runs further on North, but gently bending to lie Weft '. And this Coaft- alfo is much fuch a mix- are of Mangrove Land and Sandy Bay quite to lie River Chca/w ; and in many Places there are X 3 Sholc^v, i 'i , i, ■ I, i''\ rMiiri ' m ^1 VVr m : ..'■V I ■•:. '^t ('■I I.. <»; , ! .< ]'r| 3 TO Mr. W AIEK's "Defcrlption Sholes. Sholes, for a Mile, or half i Mile off at Sea. In feveiiil parts of this Coafl, at r.bout 5 or 6 Miles didancc from the Shore there are firjuil Hills-, and the whole Country is covered with Woods. I know but one River worth obferving between O/m and Cheapo : Yet there are many Creeks and Out- lets •, but no frcfh Water, that I know of, in any part of this Coafl, in the dry Scafon ; for the Stas- nancies and Declivities of the Ground, and tnel very Droppings of the Trees, in the wet Scafon, a'Tord Water enough. R. ckeapo. Cbrapo is a confiderable River, but has no good I entring into it for Sholes. Its Courfcis long, rifin» near the North-Sea, and pretty far from towards The Land the Eafl. About this River the Country fomcthiiig ^'^^' changes its Face, being Savannah on the Weft fide J though the Eaft-fide is Wood-land, as the other Chea^c T.Chcapo Town ftands on the W^cft-iide, at fomedif-l tance from the Sea -, but is fmall, and of no grcatl Confequence. Its chief Support is from the Pailu-I rape of black Cattle in the Savannahs. Thcfc Savannahs are not level, but conlid 0^ finall Hills and Valleys, with fine Spots of Wood? intcrmix'd i and from fome of thefe Hills not larj "^ chagre. riom Cbrafr^ the River of Chagrc^ which runs in:QJ thr North-Sea, takes its rife. It runs Well for \ while •, and on the South-fidc of it, at no great flancL' from Panatna^ is Vent a de Crnzrs, a Iniall Villaf^o of Inns and Store-houfes -, whither Mcrn chandifes that are to be fent down the River U'nm are carried from Panama by Mules, and there eiiij bark'd in Canoa's or Pcreagoc's ; but the Plate •rjarriage carried all the way by Tand on Mules, to VoruUl ioPyrio^ft-Xhe Country here alfo is Savannah and Woov-ihn' intermixed -, with thick fliort Hills, cipecially toj wards Panama, Bctwrcl Tiahs. yenta de m of the Iftlimus 'of America. jii Between the River of Cheapo and Panama^ fur- !{her Weft, are 3 Rivers, of no great Confequence, 3 Rivers, lying open to the Sea. The Land between is low even Land, mod of it dry, and cover'd here and there by the Sea, with Ihort Bufhes. Near the moil Wellerly of thefe Old Panama was feared, once ^OUp^nM' large City •, but nothing now remains of it bcfides'"'*' Riibbifh, and a few Houfes of poor People. The npn'mrds were weary of it, having no good Port or I Landing-place •, and had a defign to have left it, be- fore it was burnt by Sir Henry Morgan. But then they no longer deliberated about the Matter ; but jnilcad of rebuilding it, rais'd another Town to the IWeflward, which is the prefent City of Panaina, The River of Old P^w^w^ runs between them*, bucR.ofP*- rarher nearer the new Town than the Old ; and into^'^wa. |diis River fmall Barks many enter. The chief advantage which New Panama hath a- New ra- Ibove the Old, is an excellent Road for fmall Ships, ''*'*'*• as good as a Harbour •, for which it is beholden to The Har- the Shelter of the neighbouring Ides of P^ntvi, hour.* [which lie before it, 3 in Number, in a row parallel ^^°^^'^' rica. Ito the Shore. There is very good anchoring be- llween, at a good diftance from the Town •, but be- pecn the Road and the Town is a Shole or Spit of sholc, ILnd ; ib that Ships cannot come near the Town, Ibiit lie neareft to Perica •, but by this means the fTown has them lefs under command. Panama lands on a level Ground, and is furrounded with high Wall, efpecially towards the Sea. It hath [10 Port be fides the Town-Walls •, upon which the Se:-., which wa(hes it every Tide, beats ib ftrongly, W'timcs, as to throw down a part of them. It Fine Pro. Jakes a very beautiful Profpedl o;F at Sea, the^p^^^ot ^'hyrches and chief Houfes appearinsi; above the ^'^'^'*'^'- Nft. The Building appears phkc : efpecially tl'.c^ ^^'''ils, which arc of Stone ; 'and the Covering of fcHoufes red, for probably they arc Pan-tile, which X 4 i^' il >t :;: jsijl III! I; M I !' ! M I ■; >'il{i i i ', u\,\ I A i '! :m 1* ■ LS n I ■' \ : 1; (i \\V' li: % I'll i 1 ! ': * 1 •§ Mi: :il S12 3ir. WAFERS "Defcnption is much 11 fed by the Spaniards all over the IVd, Indies. The Town is lurroundecl with Sivannuhs gentle flat Hills, and Copfes of Wood, which add much to the Beauty of the Profpeft ; and amonf; Bflantions thcfe are fcattrrcd here and there fome Eflantimu or Farm-houfcs for the managing their Cattle, which The great are Beeves, 1 lorfes and Mules. This Town is the refort to great Rendezvous of this Part of the South-Sn Panama, (j^j^f^ .^ being the Receptacle of the Trcafurcs from Li?na^ and otiicr Sea-ports of Peri \ trading jjio tov/ards MtKxico, though very little beyond the Gulph of Nitara^^na. 'I'he King of vS'/^rnw hatha Prefidcnt here, who a(fts in Concert with his Coun- cil ; and the Govcrnour of Portohd is under him. His Jurifdi6tion comprehends Nata^ Rcnelm^ Leon, Reakja^ 6^c. till he meets with the Government of Guatitnalcc -, and L.allward he commands over as much of the JJlhmus^ on both Seas, as is under the Spaniards. The place is very fickly, though it lies in a Country good enough •, but poffibly 'tis only fo to thofe who come, hither from the dry pure Air of Lima and Tntxillin^ and other parts oF Pcmv who grow indifpos'd prefently, and are forc'dto cut otf their Hair. Yet is it very healthy in corn- par ifon of Portobel. About a League to the Weft of Panama is ano- ther River, which is pretty large, and is called bf S.ioGrnndeiomt Rio Grande. It is ftiole at the Entrance, and runs very fwifr •, and fo is not fit for Shipping. On the Well-banks of it are Kjlantions and Plantati- ons of Sugar •, but the Shore from hence begin ning to trend away to the Southward again, 1 Oiai here fix my Wcftern Boundary to the South-Sc; Coaft of the Jjlbmus, and go no further in the De fcription of it. The Shore between Point Garachina and this Ki ver, and fo on further to Punta Mala, makes a ve " ■ " ■ " am Iti ]urif- didtion. Bad Air. ry regular, and more than femicircular Bay, b^ •?f I )i : ' : ru \ \xmm\ alio of the Ifthmus of America. 3 1 3 ky the Name of the Bay ot Panama. In this Bay of arc fcverai as fine Iflands, as arc any where to be''«»'»'»4. found, the Kiti^s or Pearl Iflands^ Pachet^ue, Che- hco, Perica^ &c. with great Variety of good Ri- ding for Ships : Of all which Mr. Dampicr hath gi- ven a particular Account in the 7th Chapter of his \h)a^(! round the IVorld -, fo that I fhall forbear to fay any thing more of them. 'Tis a very noble de- lightful Bay -, and as it affords good Anchoring and Shelter, fo the Iflands alfo yield Plentv of Wood, hViitcr, rVuits, Fowls, and Hogs, for the Ac- |commodalion of Shipping. The Soil of the Inland part of the Country is The Soil [generally very good, for the mod part of a black fraiiful Mould. From the Gulph of St. Michaely 10 the Ridge of Hills lying ofl' Carel Bay, it is a Vale Country, well water'd with the Rivers that fall into that Gulph : But near the Gulph 'tis very fwampy and broken, fo as that it is fcarce pofTible ho travel along the Shore thereabouts. Wcflward Oi the River of Congo^ the Country grov, - more liilly and dry, with pleafant and rich Vales inter- mix'd, till you arc palt the River Cheapo ; and thus far the whole Country is all, as it were, one conti- nued Wood. The Savannah Country commences here, dry and gralTy •, with fmall Hills and Woods kermix'd : And the Flills are every where fertile to the Top (though more fruitful nearer the Bot- Itom) and even the Tops of the main Ridge are cover'd with very flourilhing Trees. Yet the Hills from which the Gold Rivers fall, near Santa Maria^ [are barren towards the Top, and bear fliort Shrubs fcatter'd here and there. The Soil feems capable of any Productions proper to the Climate: I be- llieve v/e have nothing that grows in Jamaica but what would thrive here alfo, and grow very lux- uriantly, confidering the exceeding Richncfs of the ISoil, The f ' II: %. \ I i . r ! t t 1, 'J, 1 ■ (! '■•^ ■ ( 1 ■ ' ■y '■>\ ■ ^"^S^fUixilt r ■■ 3, !■'] .'! I I 1i. f ;i I'M ; ' ^ i! f ■ ;h ; I The Woods. Swampy 1 hickets. TheWca tht-r. Seafon of the Rains. Mr. WAVEK's "Defcription The Woods of this Country arc not the fa^. on the Tops or Sides of the Hills in the Inland Country, as they arc near the Sea. For in the drier nnd more rifing Inland Country, the Woods nre r,v ther a large Foreft of l^imbcr-trees, or a delightful Grove of Ti'ccs of feveral kinds, very ]:irae and tall, with little or no Under-wood : And the Trees are placed at fuch a Diilance from carli other, as that a Morfc might gallop among them for a "rcjt way, and decline them with cafe. The Tops of I thcfe Trees are generally very large and fprcadinff; and, I prcfumc, 'tis the Shade and Droppino^ofl thcfc which hinder any thing el fc from growing in the rich Ground among them: For in the open Sa- vannahs, or where the Ground is clearM by Induf-I try for Plantations, there grow fmallcr Vegetable! in greater Abundance. But on the Sea-Coall,| where the Soil is often fwampy drown'd Land, cfpe- cially near the Mouths of Rivers, the Trees arc rior| tall but flirubby as Mangroves, Brambles, Barr- boes, i^c. not growing in the manner of Groves I or Arbours, fcattcring at convenient Diilances; but in a continued Thicket, fo clofe fei, that 'tis a very difficult Matter to work one's way through thelc Morafics. The Weather is much the fame here as in other Places of the Torrid Zone in this Latitude, buti dining rather to the v/et Extreme. The Seafon ofl Rains begins in ^pril or May •, and during fr/jf Months of June^ July and /higitlt^ the Kains are very violent. It is very hot alfo about tliH Time, where-ever the Sun breaks out of n Cloud: For the Air is then very fultry, bccaufc then uliKiilv| there are no Breezes to fan and cool ir, but it is :il dowing hot. About Scptcmbrr the R.iins bq^n roj abate : But 'tis November or Deeei/ilrr, and, it mav be, part of January e're they are quite {;m(i : ^^ tha;: Wif a very wet Country, and has Kains lor 2 7'hinis I ir ■M efcription arc not the f.im; [ills in the Inland . For in the drier the Woods are ra- »s, or a dclighrful S very large and d : And the Trc« m cnch other, as g them for a great Ic. The Top^ of I •gc and fp reading; ^ and Dropping of! fc from G;ro\vin('iii 'or in the opcnSa- s clearM by Induf- fmaller Vegetables! )n the Sea-Coaft, own'd Land, cfpc- , the Trees arc not j , Brambles, Barr.- manner of Groves! /cniint Diihncfs;! lofc fet, that 'tis a I )ne's way throiig!i| nc here as in other s I .atitude, but in- le. The Scafnn of and during th'j 'hi^KJt^ the Hams ot alfo aboiir thi^ s out of a Cloud : 'jcaiifc then ufu;i!!v ool it, but it is ;iil he K-.iins bf;g:nro viihr}\ and, it nav r quite i^onc ' v\ liii': Kains lot Thin Sn of the lAhmus of America. 31/ r|iirds, if not -^ Quarters ot a Year. Their fird coining is after the Manner of our fudden April IShowcrs, or hafty Thunder Showers, one in a Day [at iirlt. After this, 2 or 3 in a Day •, at length [a Shower almoft every Hour •, and frequently ac- Icompanicd with violent Thunder, and Lightning : Thunder IDiiring which Time, the Air has often a faint ful- and Light-. Iphurcous Smell, where pent up among the Woods. "'"S* Alter this variable Weather, for about 4 or 6 IWaks, there will be fettled continued Rains of fe- Iveral Days and Nights, without Thunder and iLightning, but exceeding vehement, confidering [the Length of them. Yet at certain Intervals be- llween rliefe, even in tlie wcttell of the Seafon, [there will be feveral fair I')ays intcrmix*d, with on- ly Tornado's or Hiunder-Showers ; and that |fom('tinies for a Week together. Thefc Thunder- jShowcrs caufc ufually a fenfd^lc WTnd, by the [Clouds prciring the Atmofphcre, which is very re- ItreOiing, and moderates the Heat : But then this jWind Jhaking the Trees of this continued Foreft, pcir dropping is as troublefome as the Rain it felf, [When the Shower is over, you fhall hear a great tay to riaco's.'l of the Ifthmns 'of America.' 317 Iriigo's : And their Plenty you niay judge of by [this, that it" the Indians want to cut one for a Ca- Inoa, tliey will not trouble themfelves about any a iFiirlong ofl\ tho* never fo fine ; having enough u- Ifiiaily ro fell by the Side of the River into which they intend to launch it. I I'here are on the Continent feveral Trees of the MactKw* |p,;'w-kind, of which fort we may reckon the Mac- ""«'• |f(iti-/r^i^. It grows in great Plenty in fwampy or Imoift Grounds -, and I remember not that I iaw Ithem any where but on the South-fide of the Iflh- jfHi/i, which is moftly of fuch a Soil. It is not very lull, the Body rifing ftreight up to about to Foot or ImoiT, furroundcd with protuberant Rings at cer- Itain Diflances, and thofe thick-fet with long Prickles. iThe ;.iiddle of the Tree is a Pith like Elder, taking lup above half the Diameter of the Body. The Bo- idy is naked without Branches till towards the Top •, Ibut there it puts out Leaves or Branches 12 or 14 [Foot long, and a Foot and an half wide, leflening igradually towards the Extremity. The Rib or peam of this Leaf is bcfet all along with Prickles, on the Out-fide ; and the Leaf it felf is jagged a- boiit the Edges and as thick as one's Eland, at the Ibroader End of it. At the Top of the Tree, and pniidft the Roots of thefc Leaves grows the Fruit, la Sort of Berries fprouting up in Cluflers, each a- Ibout the Size of a fmall Pear, but many Score of jthem together. They incline to an Oval Figure, bnd are of a yellow or reddifli Colour when ripe. iThere is a Stone in the Middle, and the Out-fide Isftringy, and flimy when ripe; of a tart Tafle, pr(h in the Mouth, yet not unpleafant : And the py of eating the Fruit is to bite the fiefhy Part prom the Stone, and having chewM it, to fpit out tlie remaining ftringy Subftance. The Indians fre- fcuenrly cut down the Tree only to get the Berries ; |k fuch of them as are molt low and flender, you may '{» ' i'K, ■Vi r ■ ■ ■ : ,;1 y^A's -%\m^ \^ ,318 ATr. W A FERj "Defcription may bend down to your hand, 'i'hc Wood of id Tree is very hard, black, and ponderous, andi^uM great ufe. It iplits very eafily j and rlic /;;.,j,J make* o\ it many Conveniences for their Bui'.tiinjj and oilier Octafions, Splitting the Trees into luuji Planks or Rafters which tliey iile about laLiri I louics. The Men make Arrow-heads of iii;j| Wood v the Wumcn Ncedlc-Shuttles to \vc,;v their Cotton, i^i\ B\bly\x\:Q Upon the Maui alfo grows the Bihh) Tree, fol called from a Liquor wliich dillills from it, ij which our Kuglijb call Bibb'j. The 'i'ree \\:A flreight flcnder Body no thicker than one's Thi[r;J but grows to a great lleigth, 60 or 70 Foot. '\i Body is naked of l^-aves or Branches, but pridly The Branches put out at the Top, and amoiiij them grow the Berries abundantly, like a Garla round about the Root of each of the Brancliesi Tiie Tree hath all along the Jnfide of it a narrow Pith i the Wood 's very hard, and black as In The Ini'ciiis do not cut but burn down the 'I'rcciJ get at the Berries. Thefe are of a whitifh Cukri Nut Oil. ■^''■^ about the Size of a Nutmeg. 'J'hey arc \;f| oily ; and the Indians beat them in hollow Moitifl or Troughs, then boil and (train them -, andastr.i Liquor cools they skim ofl' a clear Oil Ironi dii Top. This Oil is extraordinary bitter : The k\ dians ufe it for anointing themfelves, and to with tlie Colours wherewith they paint thcmldvesi TheB/^/.^.When the IVcc is young they tap it, and put Leaf into the Bore -, I'rom wliencc the Bill') uitkii down in great Qiiantity. It is a v. heyilh Liquur. a pleafant tart Talte \ and they drink i. aticr hath been kept a Day or two. £oto. There are Cor^-trees in the IHands, but none,o| the Jjihiniis that I rcmtmber j and QiV.-;' trees o| ciilicr. of the Ifthmus of America. 319 On the Main grows :i Tree that bears a Fruit Anony- |}ike a Cherry i but full of Stones, and never Ibtt. '"""^• On the Main alfo are Plantains in great A bun- I'Untaint. d.mce, which have a Body confilling of fcveral Leaves or Coats, that grow one from under ano- ther, fpiring upwards into an oblong Fruit at the hop-, the Coats or Feaves, which are very long and large, Ipreading from the Body, and making a Plume all round. None of them grow wild, unlelji when fome are brought down the Kivers in the Sea- ion of the Rains, and being left a ground, fow llhcnifclves. The Indians itc them in Rows or Walks, without Under-wood j and they make very delightful Groves. I'hey cut them down to get at the Fruit ; and the Bodies being green and iappy, hheyure cut down with one Stroke of an Axe. I'hc Bunano^^- alfo grow on the Ijlbnuis very plcn- Bonano'j. hlfully. 'i'hey are a fort of Plantains. The Fruit is Ihort and thick, fweet and mealy. 'J'his cats I bell raw, and the Planlain boil'd. On the IJJands there are a great many Mammcc- Mammes. trees, which grow with a clear, llreight Body, to Go Foot high, or upwards. 'Fhe Fruit is very wholfome LinJ delicious ; ihap*d fomewhat Jikea Found-pear, [but much larger, with a fmall Stone or two in the I Middle. The Mnmmec Sappota differs fomcthing from the Mammee lotiier, and is a fmaller and lirmer Fruir, of a fine^'*/'/"""- I beautiful Colour when ripe. It is very fcarce on the lOands : and neither of thefe grow on the C'jnti- I tinea t. So neither arc SupadUlocs found growing on xhtsa^adilloi llbmu^, though there is great Plenty of them in the Ijlamls. The Tree is not fo high as thofe ]aft -, lit grows without Branches to the Top, where it ilprcads out in Limbs like an Oak. 'i'he FVuit is very plealant to the Tafle. It is as fmall as a Btrga- viajco Fear, and is coated like a Rulfct-Fippin. On 1 1 » i: 'h' 1 1 , i 1 J '' '' ■ ] Pricilt' Pesr. Popet htads. Canes. Idantki- ntd. Mr. WAFER'j "Defcrift'm ■ On the I/lhmns grows that dclicioi's I'ruic whi^;, wc call the Pinc-JppL\ in Shape not much unlike an Artichoke, and as big as a Man's \h?\\, \r grows like a Crown on the Top of a Stalk ahout.^ big as one's Arm, and a I-'oot and a h.ilt h!f>K^ The Fruit is ordinarily about 6 Pound Wdglu; and is inclosM with (hort prickly Leaves like an Artichoke. 'I'hey do not llrip but pare oft thclc 1 .eaves to get at the Fruit •, which hath no Srnnc or Kernel in it. 'Tis very juicy •, and I'omc f.incvit to refenible the Tallc of all the moll ddinoii! Fruits one can imagine mix'd together. Ir ripcnj at all Times of the Year, and is raisM from new Plants. The Leaves of the l-'lant are broad, about a Foot long, and grow from the Root. On the A/^?/;/alfo grows the Pruklc-pear^ which is a thick-lcav*d Plant about 4 Foot high, full of Prickles all over. That which they call the Pnr grows at the Extremity of the Leaf. It's a good | Fruir, much eaten by the hdiaus and others. There are Popes Hfads, as we call them, on the Main. 'I'hey are a Plant or Shrub growing likci Mole-hill, and full of Spurs a Span long, fhnrpj thick and hard, with a black Point. They make a very good F'ence, galling '■he F'eet and Lcgsot any who come among them. They have Sugar-Canes on the I/lbmin , but the hidicDu make no other ufe of them, than to chcw| them and fuck out the Juice. There is on the IJlands^ a Tree which is ceiled Mancbinccl, and its Fruit the Mamh'mcd A^'fl(\ 'Tis in Smell and Colour like a lovely plealant Ap- ple, fmall and fragrant, but of a poifonous >a-| ture, for if any eat of any living Creature that has happened to feed on that Fruit, they arc poifonM thereby, tho' perhaps not mortally. The frees grow in green Spots *, they are low, with a largel Body, fpreadinff ouc and full of Leaves. I 'I'^^J ^ ^ ^ .heard L;.i" f of the Ifthmus of America. 321 %\\ thit the Wood hach been us'd in fine carved inbyt'd Works \ for it is delicately grain*d. at there is danger in cutting it, the very Sap being poilonous, as to blider the part which any of the h'pi lltike upon as they fly ofi*. A I'rcnch-mvn 'ojr Company lying under one of thcfc Trees, one of the Samhalloe>^ to rcfrufh himfelf, the liii-wau'r trickling down tliencc on his Head and toll, blifl.er*d him all over, as if he had been be- Tcwcd with Canlharides. His Life was faved with (uch DifHculty ; and even when cured, there rc- lined Scars, like thole after the Small-Pox. The yV/rt/jo-Tree, which grows here, is about asMtf**- as an Afh. Another Sort of Mabo, which is'''"** lore common, is fmaller, and grows in the moift rampy Places, by the Sides of the Rivers, or near Ic Sea. Its Bark is ragged like tatter'd Canvafs 1 you lay hold on a Piece of it, 'twill rip off in rings to the Top of the Tree ; the Strings are of [great Length, flender, and very ftrong. Ropea made of it for Cables, and Rigging for fmall effels. The way the Indians order it is thus : liey ft rip off the Bark in great Flakes : Out of cm they draw greater or lefler Strings as they fcafe. Thefe they beat and clean, and twift into kreads and Cords, by rolling them between the Jm of the Hand, and the Knee or Thigh, as ^r Shoemakers twift their Ends, but much quick- Of thefe they make Nets for filhing, but only great Fifh, as Tarpoms, or the like. [The Tree which bears the Calabajh is fliort and CaUha(h- p i the Calahafh grows up and down among the Tree. liighs, as our Apples do. It is of a globular Fi- prt, the Out-fide of it is an hard S'f.ciL i.olJing Qiiantity of 2, 3, 4, or r C^iarcs. Thcfc fells the Indians ufe as Veficls '■./. many Occafions. Iicre are 2 Sorts of thcfc Trees, but the DiRe- ticeis chiefly in the Fruit ; that of one being Iweet, IVoL. m. Y the , ill I, I . . Hi •V \v :<: ! • H n. '1 ' ■ I/. ^;' '^':-H''l ifi'.' .«'' ^^^m-' . ■; .J: j ■ .1 332 Mr. WAFERS T>efcript't mi Gourds. the Other bitter. The Subftance of both is Ipongvi and juicy. That of the fwecter doth yet incline ti a tart, fourifh Tafte. The Indians^ however, eaj them frequently in a March, tho' they are not'veryl delightful. They only fuck out the Juice, anji fpit out the reft. The bitter Sort is not eatablel but very medicinal. They are good in TcrtianV and a DecO(£lion of them in a Clyllcr is an aJmimbi Specifick in the Tortions of the Guts or dry Gripes] The Calahajh Shells are almoft as hard as thofe o| the Coco-nutSy but not half fo thick. TiieZ).;?J Cj.W^^/-' is painted, and much efteem'd by thci'/J niards. There are Gourds alfo which grow creeping alonJ the Ground, or climbing up Trees in great Quanti] ties, like Pompions or Vines. Of thefe alio tbi are 2 Sorts, a fweet and a bitter : Th(^ Sweet eaii ble, but not defireable ; the Bitter medicinal in tlij Falfio Iliaca^ Tertian's, Coflivencfu, ^'c. taken a Clyfter. But the Indians value both Sorts chief for their Shells •, and the larger Sort of thefc krv] them by way of Pails and Buckets, as Calabalkidj for Difhes, Cups and Drinking- VelTcls. sill^Grafs- Thcy have a Plant alfo which is of good uietj them, call'd by us Silk-Grafs -, tho' 'tis indeed akin of Plag. It grows in great Quantities in moi) Places on the Sides of Hills. Tiie Roots are knoll bed, and flioot out into Leaves like a Sword Bladj as thick as one's Hand in the Middle of the Leil towards the Root, thinner towards the Edges an the Top ; where it ends in a fharp Point, alrogethj like our Flags, fave that the Leaf is much broadd and a Yard or two in Length, and jagged at ti Edges like a Saw or fome Reap-hooks. The Im ans cut thefe Leaves when of a convenient Growi| and having dried them w-^ll in the Sun, they ba them into Strings like fine Flax, cxtraordmaj ftrong, beyond any of our Flax or Hemp: Forti of the Iflhmus of America.' 323 eaf it felf Teems to be nothing but a Congeries of Irings inclos'd with a Skin on each Side. They jift thefe Strings as they do thole of the Maho- jee, and make of them Ropes for Hammocks, jrdage of all Sorts, but efpecially a finer kind of lets for fmall Fifh. In Jamaica the Shoomakers fc this to few with, as being ftronger than any her. The Spanljh Women make Stockings of it, bich are called Silk-grafi Stockings, and are fold very tar. They make of it alfo a kind of yellowifh ace, which is much bought and worn by the Mo- ^rt- Women in the iVeJl-Indian Plantations. There grows here a Tree about the Bignefs of an Lights |lm, the Wood of which is very light, and we ^^o<^' erefore call it Light-wood. The Tree is v^ teightand well-bodied, and has a great Leaf like 7all-nut. A Man may carry a great Quandty of [eWood when cut down : Its Subftance refembles Dik, and is of a whitifh Colour j but the Grain of [is rougher than Fir, or coarfer yet, like that of |e CottGH'Tree. I know not whether it has that angy Elafticlty that Cork has -, yet I fhould think [an excellent Wood for making Tomkins or Stop- es tor Muzzles of great Guns. 'Tis fo very light j Water that 3 or 4 Logs of it, about as thick as p Thigh and about 4 Foot long, (hall make a ifier on which 2 or 3 Men may go out to Sea. lie Indians make large Rafters of it upon Occafi- after this Manner : They take Logs of this [ood not very big, and bind them together colla- plly with Maho Cords, making of them a kind Floor. Then they lay another Range of Logs ^rols ihefe, at fonie Didance from each other, peg them down to the former with long Pins of t«.v-wood ', and the Wood of the Float is fo ft, and tenacious withal, that it eafily gives Ad- ttance to the Peg upon driving, and clofes faft omit. The Floats, were they boarded, would y 2 refemble I. ;i) m t '■ ^il :i.. ; t i. 6' '■ -t :i , f? I ' .1'! . il; ■' ■ft ? fnmM I ' 'I , f^ W\\ vi \% M t if ,»j;.: ■ s «'m I, ■. IVhitt wood. lam* rinds. 324. il/r. WAFERS "Defcriptm rcfcmble our Byrs-fioats in the 'Thame i at L'MD)y\ and the Indians ufe them chiefly for Paflage cTofsal great River where Canoas or other Trees are wantJ ing •, or for Fifhing. Another Tree they have which we call Whik.'-jjm The Body of it grows in Heighth about 18 or 20 F'oot, like a large Willow, and about as thick l, one's Thigh. The Leaf is like Sena., very I'mallJ The Wood is very hard, clofe and ponderous, ani exceeding white, beyond ?.ny European "Wood thai ever I faw, and of a very fine Grain : So that I can] not but think it would be very good for inlaying] or other Cabinet-work. I never faw this Tree m where but in this Ifthmus. They have Tamarinds here of the brown SortJ and good, but not well manur'd. The Tree isi fair fpreading one, and very large of the kind] The Tree grows ufually in a fandy Soil, near River. The Tree alfo that bears the LocuSi-frmi^ gro« here. The wild Sort i? found in great Abundano 'tis not much unlike the Tamarind. They have a Baflard-Cinnamon alfo, bearing cinnamon Qq^ fhorter than a Bean-cod, but thicker, grows only on the Main. Bamhes» Bamboes grow here but too plentifully, like Briar, whole Copfes of them. The Branches Canes grow in Clufters 20 or 30 or more of tid from one Root, and guarded with Prickles. Thai render the Places where they grow almoft impali ble, which are generally fwampy Grounds, or tif Sides of the Rivers. They are found moftly the Main^ the IJlands having only fome icw them. Hcllozv- The Holloiij Bamboes are on the Main only Th{| Bamboes. grow 20 or 30 F'oot in Heighth, and a>i tKick one's Thigh. They have Knots all along at til Diitance ot about a Foot and a half. All chcSpaJ Locufi Tree. Baflard- t:oa ) • '. ' ' of the Ifthmus of America. 325 rom Knot to Knot is hollow, and of a Capacity fually of a Gallon or more, and thefc are fervicea- le on many Occafions. The Leaves of this Shrub re like Elder n -leaves, in a Clufter at the Top of ,ch Cane, and thefe alfo grow thick together in opfes. Uan^rovc-Txtt^ grow out of the Water both mUAngnvt. ands and Main, rifing from feveral Roots like tilts entangled one among another. The Roots or itumps appear foine Feet above Water, rifing from pretty Depth alfo from under the Surfxce of it, nd at length they unite altogether, Arbour-wife, ^0 the Body of a lufty tall Tree, of a Foot or Diameter. There is fcarce any palTing along here ihefe Trees grov/, the Roots of them are fo lended together. Tiie Bark of the Mangroves that rows in Salt V a cr is of a r-d Colour, an 1 is us'd or tanning of .' eather. I have fomc Rc.ifon lo c that the Tree from whence the Peruvian or '([uU's Bark is fetch is of the Mangrove kind •, for hen I was lall at Arica in Peru^ I faw a Caravan f about 20 Mules with this Bark juft come in, nd then unlading at a Store-houfj. One of our Company, who fpake Spanifi, ask' d a Spaniard who uidcd the Drove, from whence he fetch'd that ark ; He anlwered from a great frefli Water Lake hind a Mountain a great way within Land *, at e fame Time pointing at a very high Ridge of we faw at a great Diftance from us and the ea. Being further examined as to the Tree it grew n, he fo defcrib'd it, by thofe inrangled Stilts, nd other Particulars, that our Interpreter faid to m, lure it muft be a Mangrove-Tito. I The Spaniard nfwer'd, Yes, a frcfh-water Mangrove : Yet he faid It was a very fmall Tree, which the Mangrove is ot, unlefs this fhould be a Dwarf-kind of ir. We rought away with us feveral Bundles of this Bark, ■"■1 1 found It to b'.' the right Sort:, by the frequenr '.li I'iii 'i !l. '^i ''.*'■ I r\\ M '!ii. ! ; I ■■ ■ t' ■il ^'^■Ur- i: kn if] • . mr^ m. ^'■mr^ ''!fi!! ';:([! ^ lilc p«Fm^np«wivH i;J ' '? mt^: ■ fi f' , Hi. I?> .*; I 326 Mr. WAFERV "Defcriptm Pepper. ufe T made of it in Virginia and elfewhere ; and have fome of it now by me. They have two Sorts of Pepper^ the one ak Bell-Pr.'pper, the oihtv Bird- Pep per, and great QyanJ ties of each, much ufed by the Indians. Each Sod grows on a Weed, or Shrubby Bufh about a Yarj high. The Bird-Pepper has the fmaller l.eaf, ani is by the Indians better efteemed than the other fcl they eat a great deal of it. 1 Red-Wood, There is on the Main a Red Sort of Wr/AM might be of good ufe for Dyers. It grows moftW towards the North-Sea Coaft, upon a River tk runs towards the Samhalloes^ about 2 Milts from thl Sca-fhore. I faw there great Quantities of thefl Trees: They are 30 or 40 Foot high, about as big as one's Thigh, and the Out-fide is all along full ( Cavities or Notches in the Bark. When the Woo is cut, it appears of a Yellowifn Red. With this, and a kind of Earth which they have up the Coup.] try, the Indians dye Cottons for their Hammock! and Gowns. I tried a little of it, which upon boill ing two Hours in fair Water, turn'd it red as Blood ( dipt therein a Piece of Cotton, which it died of; good Red -, and when I walh'd it, it turn'd but 1 little paler, which I imputed to the want onlyoj lomething to fix the Colour •, for no walhing coulJ tetch out the Tincture. 'Twas a bright and glolli Red, very hvely. The Indians have I'everal Roots which they plantj efpecially Potatoes, whi^h they roaft and eat. They do the fame alio by Tarns ; of which tnej have 2 Sorts, a White and a Purple. Cajfava. They have a Root cali'd Cajfava, not much ur- like a Parfnip. There are 2 Sorts iilfo ol the!i, i fweef, and a poifonous. The fwect Sort they roalfl and eat as they do Potatoes or Yams. 01 the poij fonous they mikc Bread, having {irfl prefs'doiij the Juice, v/hich is noxious. P.iri of the remaining Suti/iLvtnirf fotatois. Tamt^ 'per^ the one c„„, t)e)\ and great Qijanl Indiam. EachSorj ^ Bufh about a Yard e fmaller I.eaf, A i than the other, fci 327 a iw ch id M- or -'a- JtTol/aece. fo la- di ca- )m i a nd :he be :h. ny Indian jli way of J.Q bnioaking cd ak :he nl, of hi-; m, rtr 10 ;nr :i?:! [ii; 'J ; 'r: 1: I 0- ■ tl 1 1^! ! I iH*: Uh'ik f I I,. i I ' hi i l\ ''■ :-f I'df ^26 V'i Pepper. ^■•l Red-Wood i \^ ^■i\ 'i ''h tr ■.. I! f^ratoes. \\ Tarns. ■\\ : 1 :,ii->r Cajfava. i'.i of the Whinus of America. • 327 Siibftance they grate to a Powder ; and having a Baking-ftone, or Trivet let over a Fire, they ftrew [the Flower over the hot Stone gradually, which bakes it all to a Cake, the Bottom hard-bak*d and brown, the reft rough and white, like our Oxt- cakes \ they ufe to hang them on the Houfes or Hedges, where they dry and grow crifp. In Ja- mmd they ufe them frequently inftead of Bread ; I and fo in other of the Wefi-lndiar. Iflands. Thefe Indians have 'Tobacco among them. JtTohaece. [crows as the Tobacco in Virginia ^ but is not fo llrong : Perhaps for want of tranfplanting and ma- lljuring, which the Indians don't well iinderftand ; [for they only raife it from the Seed in their Planta- lions. When 'tis dried and cured they ftrip it from Ihe Stalks ; and laying 2 or 3 Leaves upon one a- hother, they roll up all together fideways into a long Roll, yet leaving a little Hollow. Round this they roll other Leaves one after another, in the ame Manner, but clofe and hard, till the Roll be big as one's Wrift, and 2 or 3 Feet in length. Their way of fmoaking when they are in Company Indian logether, is thus : A Boy lights one end of a Roll way of Ind burns it to a Coal, wetting the part next it to i>nioaking bep it from wafting too faft. The end fo lighted |ie puts into his Mouth, and blows the Smoak |hrough the whole Length of the Roll into the Tace of every one of the Company or Council, lliough there be 2 or 300 of them. Then they, Itting in their ufual Pofture upon Forms, make, lich their Hands held holloiv together, a kind of runnel round their Mouths and Nofes. Into tlii"; ^ley receive the Smoak as 'tis blown upon them, tiuffing it up greedily and ftrongiy, as long as evei hey are able to hold their Breath, and leemiiig to ^lefs themfelves, as it were, with the Refrt^^hmenr gives them. ■,1'ir 'I M. li f I . i I Hi ^Ji > i. iS li'li' 1: . jii'. < f' ■ I: 1'. !*' I I mi Y 4 7Vi.' /fiJiar/j /// //f,-//- /VAv in Li'ttriiY/ .. u/it^/^firir,ih'n,r /'/./..v .nhr Mr//- » 9> i 1 lil 1 t 1 ilfl ^ IJ. i 1 1 ^ Hi!' m fa 35.."* /VfA-./^ /./ /'/./,,-»"• 'trh/' Mr//- >'/\Ty. J)a>np . I ni/ /'/. y. f' i.^!, 't • 328 Mr. WAFER'j "Defer if t ion Of the AmMAhSi and fir ft of Bea/ls and Reptiles, TH E Variety of Beads in this Country Is not very great *, but the Land is lb fcnilc, thai upon clearing any confiderable Part of the Woods it would doubtlefs aft'ord excellent Pafture for the piaintaining black Cattle, Swine, or whatever other Bealls *cis ulual to bring out of Europe into thelc CJimates. The Country has of its own a kind of Hog, pc4ry. which is called Pecary^ not much unlike a V'lrimh Hog. *Tis black, and has little ftiort Legs, yet is pretty nimble. It has one thing very ftrange, that the Navel is not upon the Belly, but the Back: And what is more (till, if upon killing a Pecarj the Kavel he not cut away from the Carcafs within 3 or 4 Hours after at fartheft, 'twill fo taint all the Fl j(h, as not only to render it unfit to be eaten, but V ijiako it (link iniufferably. Elfe 'twill keep frelh feyeral Days, and is very good wholcfome Meat, nourifhing and well tafted. The Indians barkcv.c it, when they would keep any of it longer : The Man- ner in which they do it I (hall defcribe elfewhere. Thefe Creatures ufually herd together, and range about in Droves ; and the Indians either hunt them down with their Dogs, and fo (trike them with their Lances, or elfe fhoot them with their Ar- rows, as they have Opportunity. Warrt$: The Warrce is another kind of Wild-Hog they have, which is a)fo very good Meat. It has little Ears, but very great Tusks i and the Hair or Bri- (lies 'tis covered with arc long, llrong andthjcklet, like a coarle Furr all over its Body. The/^'^?'''^^''' fierce, •iii «'*AiLy.L I f of the Ifthmus of America. ^i^ (5ercc, and fights with the Pecary, or any -^thrr Crcarure that comes in his way. The India,;i . . theie alfo as the other, and manage their Flelh the lime way, except only as to what concerns the Navel j the Singularity of which is peculiar to the They have confiderable Store of Beer alio, re- cwr. iembling mod our Red Deer j but tlicl'e they never Jiunt nor kill •, nor will they ever eat of their Flefli, though 'tis very good •, but we were not fhy of it. Whether it be out of Superftition, or for any other Reafon that they forbear them, 1 know not : But when they law fome of our Men killihg and eating of them, they not only refus'd to eat with them, but leem'd difpleas'd with them for it. Yet they preferve the Horns of thefe Deer, fetting them up in their Houfes ; but they are fuch only as they Ihed, for I never faw among them fo much as the Skin or Head of any of them that might fhew they had been kill'd by the Indians-, and they are too .nimble for the JVarrec, if not a Match for him. The Dvgs they have are fmalj, nor'well lhap*d, "Dogs. (heir Hair rough and ftragling, like our Mungrels. They kxvt only to bark and ftart the Game, or by their barking give Notice to the Hunters to fhoot their Arrows. They will run about in this Manner from Morning to Night ; but are fuch meer whiff- jlingCurs, that of 2 or 300 Beads llarted in a Day, they fliall feldom kill above 2 or 5 ; and thefe not by running them down, but by getting them at a Bay and befetring them, till the Hunters can come up with them. Large ftrong Dogs would make better Work here ; and it might be a very accepta- ble Thing to the Indians to tranfport hither a Breed of fuch: But then they muft keep to their Houfes, or they would be in Danger of running wild in this Country. tlli; il!", I I I nv 1 1 I ', 1 . V! ' t ,v •I ! (. ; i .)iM Hzv^ r 1 ; A' I 'M 3!0 Rahbitt> Mr. WAFER'/ "Defcriptkn Monkeys. ITrrc ^rc Rahlits, call'd by our liti^j, ku^i Conies. 'J'hcy arc as large as our Hares; But I know not that this Country has any Hires. Thcfj Habhits have no Tails, and but little Ihort I'arv, and thr Claws of their Feet are long. They lodg; in tht' Koot.s of 'I'rccs, making no Burrows; ind the liullar.s hunt them, but there is no great Pkn:/ of thcin. They arc very good Mcv.t, and c;it n- ther nioifter than ours. There are grc;U l")rove<^. of Afojiki'j!^ fonie of them white, bur inoH of ihem ♦^lack •, lome have Beards, others ar<^ Kvrdkfs. Thry are of a middle Size, yet extraordinary fat at the dry Se.ilon, when the I'Vuits are ripe ; and they are very poou M-'^f, f(»r we ate of them very plentifully. The hima were Ihy of eating them for a while ; but they foon were pcrfwaded to it, by iceing us feed on them fo heartily. In the rainy Seafon they have Worms in their Bowels. I have taken a Handful of tiiem out of one Monkey we cut open; and fome of them 7 or 8 Foot long. They are ave- ry waggifh Xind of Monkey, and plaid a thou- fand antick Tricks as we march'd at any Time through the Woods, skipping from Bough to Bough, with the young one's hanging at the o'd onc*s Back, making p'aces at us, chattering, and, it ihcy had Opportunity, pifllng down purpofely on our Heads. To pafs from Top to Top oi high Trees, whofe Branches are a little to tar aliindertor tiieir Leaping, they will fometimes hang downhv one another's Tails in a Chain •, and fwinging in tliat Manner, the lowermoft catches hold of a Bough of the other Tree, and draws up the reft ot tliein. Here are no Bullocks, Horfes, AfleA, Sheep, Goats, or other fuch Beafts as we have for Food or Service. They arc exceedingly pefter'd with Mict and Rac?. v/hich are moftly grey-, and a Brood of uwimuch Cats therefore to delhoy thefe, might be as acicp- e:ij£!:Vd. t.b!e| No Euro f'can Cat- Karsand Mice. of the Ifthmns of America. ^^r nblc a Prcfcnt 'o them as better Dogs for tlieir himting. When I left the Jfthmi>^^ two of the Indi' /^/c-groiind to fatten them ; for which they w*"' are faid to eat much the better. Alligators and Guano's, which are alfo very good MHiatott, Meat, efpecially the Tail of the Alligator, I have eaten in feveral Parts of the PFeJi-Indies ; but I don't remember my feeing either of them in the IJlhmus, IVt Guano is all over very good Meat, preferr'd toGuanots. a Pullet or Chicken, either for the Meat or Eroth. Their Eggs alfo are very good ; but thofe of the Alligator have too much of a musky Flavour, and fometimes fmell very ftrong of it. There are up and down the IJlhmus a great many Lizards, Uzardt. green, and red-fpeckled ; but thofe in the fwampy I Land and Thickets look more black or rufty. They are none of them large, generally lefs than la Span. I never faw the Indians eat of them. They are pretty innocent familiar Creatures, and I the Indians fufFer them to creep up and down their I Houfcs. They have Frogs and Toads, and other fmal- ler Infeds j but I took no particular Notice of them. :" !i. n.i ' ii'; 1 1 ii' j' ^ r/7^ ri't'ii,' 'M -P 't' 't' '^^ •^' ■*• -*• iii;^^^-- M«M|||!m wmmmmmm \^ ml Mi :il Chicnlj- ChiCitly. 3 34 Mr^ WAFER/ Defer ipt ion .t. .% .♦. f. .t, ,*. .% .% ■% ,t. ». .t. A * .f. 4-. ..t. .% .t. .J. I. f, i 77f Birds, and jlymg I n s i: c t i, THEY have fevcral Sorts of Birds, fomeoi Kinds unknown to us •, and remarkable both for their Beauty, and the good Relilh of thtir FlcOi. I'hcre is one (lately Kind of Land-bird, pretty common among the Woods on the Jjlbmus^ whicil is called by the Indians Cbualy-Chualw Itb Noife is fomewhat hke a Cuckow's, but Iharper aad quicker. 'Tis a large and Jong Bird, and has i long Tail, which he carries upright like a Duiigliill Cock. His Feathers are of great Variety of fine lively Colours, red, blue, tfj'c. The Indiaru make a Sort of Aprons, iomctiuies, of the Feathers which grow on his Back •, but thde they fcldom wear. 'i'his Bird keeps moftly on t.»e Trees, flying from one to another, and but rarely to the Ground. \h feeds on Fruit. His Flefh is blackiih, and of i co.irfe Grain, yet pretty good Meat. The '.'}uam is alio a long and large Lcind-bird, He feeds alfo upon Fruits, and flics up and dowa the ^Frces. Hio Wings are of a dun Colour, bj: his Tail is very dark, fhort, ftumpy, and upi'ght, This Bird is much better Meat than the othicr. There is alfo a RulTet-colour'd Fand-biid, fhap'cl not unlike a Partridge ; but has a longer Neck and Legs, yet a fliort Tail. He runs moll on the Ground, and feldom flies. His Ficfli is very good Meat. Corn/cu. The Corrofou is a large, black Land-bird, h::avy and big as a Turkey-hen ; but the Men is not i^ black as the Cock. The Cock has on his Head^ fine Crown or Comb of yellow Feathers, which he moves lami- Anony n.oui. of the Ifthmus of Amctka. 3 3 j: n^ves to and fro as he pleafcs : He has Gi}I.^ alfo like a Turkey ; but the I Jen has neither Plume nor Gills. I'hey live on the Trees, and feed on Fruits. They fing and make a Noife big and grofs, yet ve- ry fweet and dehghtful •, efpetially to the hulians^ jwho endeavour to imitate them : And the Indians land they will ibmetimcs anfwer one another this \m), and the hidiaus difcover their Haunts by it. The- old ones alfo call their youn^, ones by this Sound. The Flefli is foniewhat tough, but other- wife very good and vvell-tafted Meat. The Indians either throw the Bones of the Corrofou into the Ri- ver, or make a Hole and bury them, to keep them from their Dogs, being thought unwholfome for the Dogs to eat \ and the Indians fay they will make [the Dogs run mad : Neith'^r do ihc Engl i/b in the Wefi-Imies let the Dogs eat of them. The Indians llhoot down all thefc Birds with their Arrows. They have Parrots good Store, fome blue, andy^rro/i, Ifomc green, for Shape and Size like the Generality lof the Parrots we have from Jamaica. There is Ihere great Variety of them, and they are very [good Meat. They have alfo many Parakites, mofl: of thtmparaUtes. Igrecn •, generally much the f;>me as in other Places. iThcy don't fort with the Parrots, but go in large [Flights by themfelves. MacaW'hirds are here alfo in great Plenty. 'TkAfica^v- lap'd not much unlike a Parrot, but is as large a- '^"^^5, im as the biggcft of them. It has a Bill like a Hawks, and a bufliy Tail with 2 or 3 long Itrag- gling Feathers, all red or blue: The Feathers all 3ver the Body are of feverai very bright and lov^ely Colours, blue, green and red. The Pinions of the ^Vings of fome of them are all red, of others all iilue, and the Beaks yellow. They make a great '^oife in a Morning, very hoarfe and deep, like Icn who fpeak much in the Throat. The Indians keep v'M- Ml' \l iir li ! i li' • ■ '■i li ■;. %\k I t w I •I' WrM 336 iWr. WAFER'j "Defer ipt ion keep tliefe Birds tame, as we do Parrots or Mag- pics : But after they have kept them clofe lomg Time, and taught them to fpcak feme Words -1 their Language, tlvey fufFcr them to go abroad in the Day time into the Woods, among the wild ones ; from whence they will on their own Accord return in tlie livening to the Imlinn Houfts or Plan- tations, and give Notice of their Arrival by tlieir fluttering and prating. They will exadlly imitate the Indums Voices, and their way of finging ^ and they will call the (jhicaly-Chicaly m its own Note, as exadly as the Indians themfelves, whom I haveob- ferv'd to hi.- very expert at it. 'Tis the mod beau- tiful and pl( afant Bird that ever I faw \ and tlii! FleOi is fwcet-iafted enough, but black and tough. Wood- There is alfo a Sort of IVood- pecker, with fucha puller. long ricndrr Bill as that kind of Birds have. Thefe have ih-ong Claws, wherewith they climb up and down the Bodies of Trees, and flick very rlofc to them. I'hey are pird like our Magpir.s, white and hl-.ick •, hill more Hncly, being a fn">'> Ik"' "ird. The FIcfh is of an earthy unpleafant Tade. I taflfdof them as I v/ns tiavrllino vvith my Companions, tor ] !ung(M- rben inadr us ^hid of any thing ol Fuodi but the f}ui'a>n do:i't eat of them. Diinf.hill- 'Ihry have great Plenty of Poultry tanne about Fowl. their 1 loulcs of two Sorts, a greater and a lefs. The larger Sort are much like ours, of difi'ercnt Colours and Breed, as Copple-crown'd, the com- mon Dunghill Cock and Hen, and of the Game kind ; thoLiu,h thefe Indiam don't delight in Cock- fighting as rhofe of Java do. The fmalhr Sort ai e leathered about the Legs like Carrier-pidgcons and have very buflvy Tails, which they tarry up- 'right •, and the Tips of their Wings arc generally bkack. I'his fmall Sort keep apart from tiic oiivJ, They all keep the fame Crowing Seafon, before Pay, as our Cocks do. They are conaantly about (iie Il tl , of t^je l([hmus of Amciita. 33/ .eHouft^s, not ranging far into the Woods; and oth their Flcfli and tlicir Eggs are as well taftcd as ny wc have in Jin'Jand ; and tlicy are generally br ; for the Indians give them Maize good Store, fhi( h is very fattening. Thde are all the Kinds of Land-birds I noted a- hong them : Thoi.gh there are many fmall ones Small Ihich I did not fo particidariy obfcrvc j and thefeBirdi. [encrally very pretty and mufical. About the Samballocs and other the Iflands and lie Sca-Coail, on the North-fide efpccially, there le great Numbers of Sea-fowl. The South-Sea- Sea- fowL pit-, more to Windward, has many of them too -, lit whether it be that the Bay of Pancijna does not (ford fo many Fifh to invite them •, for 'tis not near iv/cll ftock'd with Fifh as the CowW about \.\wSam- \llm^ there are but very few Sea-fowl on the outh-Sca-Coaft of the ffthmus^ to what there are on pelican. he North-Coail •, and as to Pelicans particularly, [hich arc very frequent among the Sa?nhallocs^ and all |ongthe JVcjl- India Coafls, 1 don't remember that tvcriaw one of them any where in the South-Seas. The Pelican is a large Bird, with a great Beak, fcort-Iegg'd like a Goofe \ and has a long Neck, [hich it holds upright like a Swan. The Feather*? [e of dark grey •, 'tis web-footed. Under the [hroat hangs a Bag or Pouch, which, when fill'd, jas large as both one's I^ ills. The Subflance of it a thin Membrane, of a fine grey afiiy Colour. [hevScamen kill them for the fake of thcfe Bags, to lake Tobacco-pouches of them ; for, when dry, ley will hold a Pound of Tobacco ; and by a Bui- lt hung in them, they are foon brought into Shape. [k Pelican Hies heavy and low -, we find nothing ft Fifh in his Maw, for that is his Food. His [oudi, as well as Stomach, has Fifli found in it : 'that it feems likely that the Pouch is a Bag in- kndcd to keep a Kcfervc of F'^ood. 1 have never Vol. Ill, Z fcen 'i : I'' r ■ , i I I i'^^ !^ :i 1 1 338 in (, ' :. •} ! ' 1 i : I Mil l.i » ,ii' i Cormo' rants. St A Guilt and Sta- Piti. Bats. Flying In iedts. , Shining Fly. tl7 • ■ 1 Mr. WAFER V "Defcriptm. fcen any of the old Pelicans eaten ; but the. yoiinsfl ones are f.iid to be Meat good enough, butlhavel never eaten of any of them. There are Cnrimrants alfo among the Samhdkr I which for Size and Shape arc hkc Ducks, but ra'l ther lefs. They are black, but have a white Spotl on the Bread. Tho' they arc Web- footed, asoiiitrl Water -fowl are, yet they pitch on Trees a Shrubs by the Water-fide. I have never heardi of any one's eating of thefc, for their flclh thought to be too coarfe and rank. There are a great many Sca-Gulis alfo and SeaJ Pies, on that Coaft ; both of them much like oiir5,[ but rather fmaller. The I'lefli of both thefc iua;- en commonly enough, and 'tis tolerable good MeatJ but of a I'^ifliy Talle, as Sea-fowl ufually are. Ye] to correct this I'afle, when we kill'd any Sm-G£\ Sra-Pies, Boobies^ or the like, on any Shore, we us'd to make a Hole in the hot Sand, and there ba-l ry them for 8 or lo Hours, with their Feathers on, and (nits in them : And upon drefllng them after-| wards, we found the Flelh tender, and he Tafte not fo rank nor fifhy. Hiei e are Bats^ on the Ifthmus^ the Bodies ol which are as large as Pidgeons, and their Wingj extended to a proportionable Length and Bread: with Claws at the Joints of the Wings, by whidi they cling to any Thing. They much haunt oid Houies and deferted Plantations. Of flying Infecls, befide the Moskitocs or Gnat^ before-mention'd, there are up and down the B mus Wafps and Beetles, and Flies of feveral Kindsj particularly the Ihining Fly, which /liines in n| Night like a Glow-worm; and where there are niij ny of them in a Thicket, they appear in the ^m like fo many Sparks of Fire. Thd )!'. c, for their tlclh J of the Idhmus of America. 339 They have Bees alfo, and confcqucntly Honey B<«. ind Wiix. The Bees arc of two Sorts -, the one IjliorC and thick, and its Colour inclining to red ; |thc other blackiih, long and flender. They nefl Ion the Tops and in Holes of Trees -, which the /;;- Urns climb, and thrull their Arms into their Nefl:, |to get the Combs. Their Arms will be cover'd IwithBees, upon their drawing them back •, yet I ne- ver perceivM they were flung by them : And I have |U many of them at a Time upon my naked Body, Iwit'.out being flung •, fo that I have been inclin'd to Ithink they have no Stings : But that's a thing I ne- Ivcr examin'd. The Indians fometinies burn down Ithe frees to get at the Combs, efpecially if they jbe high and difficult to climb. The Honey they Honey jmix with Water, and drink it : But they make no lufcoF the Wax, that ever J faw •, ufing for Candles Wax, la Sort of light Wood, which they keep in their iHoufes for that Purpofe. They have Ants with Wings, large and long, as Ana, [well as thofe which are Reptiles only. They raifc iHillocks like ours : They fling, and arc very trou- Iblefomei efpecially when they get into the Houfes, las they frequently do. They fwarm up and down the mmhaiioes and the other Neighbouring Ifles, as weP las on the Ifthmus it feif -, and there is no lying dov/n Ito Refl on any Piece of Ground where they are. [Neither do the Indians care to tye their Hammocks Ito any Trees near the Ant-hills ; for the Ants would climb up fuch Trees, and foon get into their Ham- mocks. .111., I ■• i < ' ji It ' • •ill I '•:/ z 2 0/ iii \% I i ii Ml 1 % li 1« i !( ' ■( 340 iV/r. WAFERS 7)efcr;/Jtion % m^^*^"^ '^"^^m^^ Of the FISH. Sei-FiHi. npIIE North-Sea Coall, as I intimated, abounds A in Fifh, and has great Variety of them. Thole which I have had the Opportunity of ieeing, are chiefly thefe : Tarpom. The T'ar J om, which is a large and firm Fifh, fat- ing in Flakes like Salmon or Cod. They are fomc of 50 or 60 Pound weight and upwards. One of theni afforded a good l3inner once to about 10 of us, as we were C'-uifing towards the Coailof Carta- gene' ; befidc a good Quantity of Oil we got out of the Fat. Sharl^s. Sharks zvQ. alio found in thefe Seas; the' not fo commonly about the Sa?nballoesy as on other of t!ie Weft- India Coalls. There is a Filh there like the Shark, but much fmaller and fwetter Meat. Its Mouth is alfo longer ^nd narrower than the Shark's •, neither has he more than one Rcw of Teeth. Our Seamen us'd to Dog fi/b. cail this the Dog-fi/h. Cavally, The Cavaily is found among the Samhalloes 'Tis a fmall Fifli, clean, long and flender, much about the Size of a Mackarel j a very fine lively Fiili, with a bright large Eye j and 'tis very good Meai, moill and well-talfed. Old-wives Old-zvives, which is a flat Kind of Fill', andgooaj Meat, are there alfo. Tdraccods, Thcy hiivc Faracoods alfo, which are a long and round Fifli., about as large as a well-giown Pike, but ufually much long'ji'. They are generally verf good Meat ; anrl here ffpccidly : But there arc lome particular Banks off at Sea, wb.eie you can take no Faraiood but what arc poilonous. ^'^ 'la- ther 1 ihm. h d of Fifh', andgooaj of the Ifthmns of America. 341 ther It be from fomc particular Feed they have there, onon what other Caufe, I know not •, but I have l(nov,;i r.veral Men poifon*d with them, to that De- g,v'' ;is to Iv.ive their flair and Nails come oO*; and fitn.' have died with eating them. The Antido:e for this is faid to he the Back-bone of the Filh, dri- ed and beaten to a Powder, and given in any laquor. I can't vouch for the Succefs of this my felf i but b'cicil have told me, that they have us'd it then> fclvcs, when they have found themfelves fick with [eating any Paracood; but that upon taking tl.e Bone thus powdered, they have found no other jjl KifHl, but only a Nummednefs in their Limbr, 4ii(l a Wcaknefs for fome Time after. Some will pretend to ditlinguifli a poifonous Paracood from a whok'fomc one, by the Liver j which as foon as they have taken the Fifli, they pull out and talle. It it tiillc fwcet, they drcfs and cut the Fifh without any Fear ; but if the Liver be bitter, or bite the Tongue like Pepper, they conclude the Fifli to be naught, and throw it away. There is another Sort of Fifh on the North-Sea Gn(i. They will glide along the Surface of the i^ater as fwifc as a Swallow, gliding thus on the uifacc, and leaping out of the Water alternately, or 40 Times together. They move with fuch a orce, that as I have been inform'd, they will run i!"ir Snout through the Side of a Canoa \ and 'tis angerous for a Man who is Swimming to meet 'ithchem, left they ftrike through him. The Back- !lx)ne iooks blueiih, of a Colour towards a Saphire. k Flefli is very good Meat. IT' |i?ii^ I ( I 1 '(i,;itl Z3 Thers i< mi 342 Sciilpim. Mr. WAVEK's "Defcriptm re arc ScuffHNS alio, :i I'ifh about a I'V>otIon;r IVicklcs all about him : They ilrip them of Tiifrc with PricKics an anoui lum : i ncy It rip them of I ihcir prlrkly Sisin, ami then drcfs them, 'ihey arc very good Meat. stin^ ray, 'H ^c arc in the North-Sea many other Fidi hefide inook!'^''^ ^^^^^^' as.V////^;i-rrtvs l\irrot-fi(h, ^S)mks, 0,wm-bA Congii" &c. and many others |)tobal)ly, that I hive neitlier telt, &:c. fecn nor heard oi i for 'tis a Sea very well fior'J with ImOt. shdi-nni Conch u Of ShcII-fifli, there arc Conrhs all along the .^'/i; bailors in Abundance. Their Shells are very largcj winding within like a Snail-fliell •, the Mouth of the Shell is flat, and very wide, })roportioniil)ly to tiiel Bignefs of t!:e Shell. 'J'hc Colour of it within » like Mother of Pearl •, but without 'tis toarfc and rugged. The J'ilh is flimy, the ()ut-p;irts ot it,| rfpeciall/, and mufi therefore be fcour'd with Sandl before 'tisdrejs'd lor I'.ating. But within, the Sub-I fiance is hard and tough •, for which Kcaloii tiityl beat them after fluy have iVour'd the Out-fidc: iiJ when they have been thus managed, they arc a very] fweet and good Mfli. There are Pcriivi tickles good Store amontr rhel Rocks i which are all«> gojul Meat. We pick them| out of the Shells with Pins. I'he Limpits alfo flick to the Rocks licreahoiiu;| and are rather better Meat than the other. There are no Oyfters nor I.obflers on tlic Coad SM-CM^M.of the l/lhmu^ ', but a few Crabs, and a Sort ot] (pr4w->//.'.Craw-fin\ among the Rocks of the Sambalk^i, asl large as fmail J.obfters, but wanting the two f^rcaff Clawi. Thefe lad are very delicious Meat i bu^ the Sea-Crabs arc not ve:y good. Frefh- There arc Fifh in the Rivers alfo of the lilhmm'X wateiFini-but I .im not acquainted with many of the Kinds ol| them. 'Jiierel J criwmc hies. limfits. h • of the Irt/imus of America. 343 There is one Sort like our Roach, bl.ickifh and Anony. VC7 bony, in length about a Foot, very Tweet, '"**"" firm, and well tafled. Then: is another FiOi in Shape like the Paracood, but much finalier, and a very good Fifli. Ihcre is a Fifli like our Pike or Jack for Shape ; but iiot al/ove H or 10 Inches long. I lis Moutli is jomcwhat like a Kahbit's, his 'J'ecih a little way wiihin : 1 liii Lips are cartilaginous. 'Tis a very good I'ifli. Wh.u other Fifh their Rivers yield, I know not, for I took no particular Notice even of thefe. Bill I was more obfcrving of the Indians manner Manner of I'Vlnng^ at which they arc very expert, and ma-*^^ f*'*^''* n,ig'' it differcnily, according to the Place whcrc'"^" tlvy fidi. In the Rivers Mouths and upon the Sea- Coafls, in j'.indy Bays where there aic no Rocks, they ufe Nets, like our Drag-nets, made of Maho- bark, or Silk-grafs ; wiiich they carry out in their Canoa^ But in the Hill Country, where the Streams are clear, and the Banks in many Places Rocky, they go along the Banks up the River, looking arrowly into the Water to view the Fifli. When they fpy any to their Mind, they leap into the Water, and wade or fwim up and down after th'm ; and if the Fifli through Fright betake thcm- fdves into the Holes in the Banks for Shelter, as they frequently do, the Indiana feel them out with their ILmds and take them thence, as we do Chubs or Craw-fifli in our Rivers. By Night they brinfr with them Torches of Fight-wood, and with thcie they fpy out the Fifh, and fo jump in, and purfue them into their Holes. For dre/Hng their Fifh ; they firfl gut them, andnrefTing then either boil them in an Earthen Pot, or elfe^^^^"^*'^- krkciic or broil tliem. is H;ii Mi Hi ill i 1:1 I I fr •^1 Z4 For ■If 1 ; f \r.\\ 1 ' I ■ i if i ! ; '344 Mr. WAFERV "Defcriptlon Salt, how For Sdlt^ they have it out of the Sea-watfr ; wade. v/hich they boil up and evaporate in Eartlun Vu:s' till the Salt is ktt in a Cake at the Bottom, which they take out aiul break in Pieces for ufc : But li this is a tedious way, fo they have but little, .md are very choice ind fparing of it. They don't f,ilt liieir Fifli fur keeping -, but when they eat it, tlicy boil Abundance of Pepper with it, asdicydowich every thing elfe. But their Cookery 1 fhall Ipd of clfe where. f»< r«j^ >fS^ ^^ ?^ J« ff?^ ♦^c ;«!>5 ?fl^ »<»^^ ij^ ip^s -1^ c^ cXb ijsisi xfiri^ «.i>Cr:- iftfe cai?* >i^:, ...xt, cjci Of the Indian INHABITANTS, tbr MafinerSj Cujloms, &c. Indian In- habitants. Their Sta- ture Shape. TH E Indian Inhabitants of the Iflhmus fire not very numerous, but they live thickrfl: on the North-fide, efpccially along the Sides of Rivers. The wild Indians of the South-fide live mod to- wards Pent: But there are Indians fcattei'd up and down all Parts of the IJlhmiis. The Size of the Men is ufually about 5 or 6 Foot. They arc ftreight and clean-limb'd, big-boii'd, hill- breafted and handfomly fhap'd. I never faw a- mong them a crooked or deformed Perfon. They are very nimble and aflive, running very well. But the Women are fhort and thick, and not lo lively as the Men. The young Women arc very plump and fat, well-fhap'd, and have a brisk Eye. %l\ Features. The elder Women are very ordinary ; their Bellies and Breads being penfile and wrinkled. Both Men and Women arc of a round Vifage, with fhort bot- tle Nofes i their Eyes large, generally grey, yet lively and fparkling when young. They luive a high Forehead, white even Teeth, thin Lips, and of the Ifthmus of America. 345 iMoiith motlcratciy large. Their Cheeks and Chin lire well proportion^ •, and in general they are Lndlonily tcatur'd, but tlie Men more than the rAoincn. BothScxi'S have (Ircight, long, black Hair, lank, Hair. Lirlc and iVrong, which they wear ufiially down to jihc Middk' of the Back, or lower, hanging loofe [itits full length i only the Women tie it together with String juit behind the Head, below which it flows jlonfe as the Mens. Both Men and Women pride jtlianrelvcs much in the Length of the Hair of the iHcul \ and they frequently part it with their Fin- liTcrs, to keep it difentangled i or comb it out with Sort of Combs they make of MrttViiy-wood. I'hiscoj^ijjQf IComb is made of feveral fmall Sticks, of about 5 Macaw Icr i) Inches long, and tapering to a Point at each *hck$. F.ndlike our Glovers Sticks. Thefe being tied 10 Icr 12 of them together about the Middle where [they are thick, the Extremities of them both ways lopen from each other, and fcrve at either End for la Comb: which does well enough to part the Hair-, [but they are forc'd to ufe their Fingers to fetch the iLice out of their Heads. They take great Delight lin combing their Hair, and will do it for an Hour Itogethcr. All other Hair, except that of their lEye-brows and Eye-lids, they eradicate : For tho* jthe Mea have Beards if they would let them grow, Ivet they always have them rooted out : And the Iwomen are the Operators for all this Work j ufing jtwo little Sticks for that Purpofe, between which jthey pinch the Hair, and pluck it up. But the ^en upon fome Occafions cjt off the Hair even of Itheir Heads ; it being a Cuftom they have to do fo Iby way of Triumph, and as a diftinguifhing Mark of Honour to him who has kilPd a Spaniard^ or o- [tlier Enemy. He alfo then paints himfelf black (which is not ufual upon any other occafion j conti- nuing li: '*,!• I 1' li n:\ I 1 1 1 1 ^11! M i ■ 346 Tomplex- ion. /nointing them- Iclves. . 'White In- diam. Milk- wlute fckins. Down. Mr. WAFERS "Defcription nulng painted of this Colour till the firft Ncwfnooftl (as I rcincfnhcr } after the Fa6t is clone. 'J 'heir Naciiral Comph^xion is a Copper- Cnloijr or Orangc-tawney ; and their i^ye-brows are nam' rally black as Jet. 'i'hcy ufc no Art to deepfii \k Colour cither of their Kye-brows, or the! lair their Head •, but they daub it with Oil to make it fhine •, for, like other Indum^^ they anoint chcm- Selves all over, whether for Beauty to make the Ski. fmooth and fleek, or to fupple it and keep iifrop, parching, or to hinder too much Perfpiraiionindiii hot Country, I know not. Tiierc is one Complexion fo fingular among Sort of People of this Country, that I never Li, nor heard of any like them in any Part o{ th World. The Account will feem ftrange •, butanvl Privateers who have gone over the Iflhmiis rrm have feen them, and can atteft the main of v.r't. ?m going to relate, though few have had th:Op. portunity of fo particular an Information aboi; thefe People as I have had. I'hey are white, and there arc of them of hot Sexes •, yet there are but few of them in Comparil'o of the Copper-colour'd, poffibly but i to 2 or ^00, They difler from the other Indiam chiefly in Kc fpe(5l' of Colour, though not in that only. Thei Skins are not of fuch a White as thofe of fair Pfopl among I'.uropecws^ with fome Tinfture of a Y)\d or Sanguine Complexion *, neither yet is their Com plexion like that of our paler People, hut 'tiwa ther a Milk-white, lighter than the Colour of ?"' European:;^ and much like that of a white Horfc. For there is this further remarkable in them, tha their Hodiesare befet all over, more or lefs, witii fine fhort Milk-white Down, which adds to th Whitenefs of their Skins : for they arc not fo tiiick fet with this Down, efpecially on thr Cheeks ani Forehead, but that the Skin appears diHinct from it 111' t ' r'l i .'!] of the Iflhmus of America.^ '347 I The Men would probably have white Briftles for Beards, did not they prevent them by their Cuflom of plucking the young Beard up by the Roots con- tinually : but for the Down all over their Bodies, they never try to get rid of it. 'I'hcir Eye-brows are Milk white alfo, and fo is the Mair of their and Flair. Heads, and very fine withal, about the Length of 6 [or H Inches, and inclining to a Curl. They are not fo big as the other Indians •, and Smaller what is yet more ftrange, their Kye-lids bend and ^^'^^ the open in an oblong Figure, pointing downward at 3"^"* the Corners, and forming an Arch or Figure of a Credent with the Points downwards. From hence, and from their feeing fo clear as they do in a Moon- Mo»n- (liiny Night, we us'd to call them Moon-efd. ForcyU they fee not very well in the Sun, poring in the clcarcft Day •, their F-ycs being but weak, and run- ning with Water if the Sun Oiine towards them ; fo that in the Day-time they care not to go abroad, un- lefs it be a cloudy dark i^ay. Befides, they are but awcak People in Comparifon of the other, and not fitfor Hunting or other laborious F.xercife, nor do they delight in any fuch. But notwithftanding [their hcing thus fluggifh, and dull, and reft ive in the Day-time, yet when Moon-lhiny Night's come, A^ivrby they are all Life and Activity, running abroad, ^"^^n- and into the Woods, skipping about like Wild- ' [Bucks ; and running as faft by Moon-light, even in I the Gloom and Shade of the Woods, as the other I Indians by Day being as nimble as they, tho* not ! fo ftrong and luliiy. The Copper -coloured Indians feem not to refpe(5l Ithefe fo much as thofe of their own Complexion, looking on them as fomewhat monftrou:;. They are not a diftind Race by themfelves, but now and then one is bred of a Copper- colour'd Father andOfCop- I Mother; and I have feen a Child of lefs than a ^^'^^\^l^^^' old of this Sort. Some would be apt to ful^^eftpj^gj^fj^ they I , ? I . if 11 I ■i I. i' . , II 1^ 1 I .ft' i' f, Isi [:l i ■. tJri 1 1 and Pa- rents of fuch. Painting Iheir Bo- dies and Fates. Women Pauiters. Mr, WAFER'/ "Defcription they might be the Offfpring of fome Europp^^^Yi. ther : Pjt befidcs that the Europeans come iitde here, and have littJe Commerce with the lnr.ian-\S^. men when they do come, thcfc white iVoph; areas different from the Europeans in fome RcfMits i^ from the Copper-colour'd Indians in others. And befidcs, where an Euro; can lies with an Indian-W^i. man, the Child is always a Mojiefe^ or Tav/m-y, a? is well known to ail who have been in the Pl^'jlh dies ; where there are Mo[lefa*s^ Muilatlo':^ f,f f^. veral Gradations between the White, and ihr Black or Copper-colour'd according as the Parents rjs; even to Decompounds, as a Mullalto-hina, the Child of a MiilLiilo Man, and a M(j\eJji wo- man, if!c. But neither is the Child of a Man and Woman o; thefe white Indians^ white like the Par(mts, but Copper-colour'd as their Parents were. Forlo/j- centa told me, and gave me this as his Conjecture how thefe came to be white, that 'twas through ih;; Force of the Mother's Imagination, looking o.t the Moon at the Time of the Conception i but thi? I leave others to judge of. He told me witha!, that they were but fliort-liv'd. Both thefe and the Copper-coloured /Ww;'; ufs painting their Bodies, even of the fucking Chilirer, fometimes. They make Figures of Birds, Heiih, Men, Trees, or the like, up and down in every Part of the Body, more efpecially the t ace; Bat the Figures are not extraordinary like what they re- prefent, and are of differing Dimenfions, as thw Fancies lead them. The "Women are the Painters, and take a gr^a: Delight in it. The Colours they like and ule moll are red, yellow and blue, very bright and lovclv. They temper them with fome kind of Oil, and keep them in Calabafhes for ufe *, and ordininlv lay them on the Surface of the Skin with Pcnrii.ot Woo-, fet ^•r [\ of the\{^\\mm of America." 349 |Wood, gnawM at the End to the Softnefs of a jrufh. .So lay*cl on tlicy will lafl fomc Weeks, and arc rcnew'd continually. This way they painted imc. B'jt finer Figures, efpecially by their greater Ar- tifts, are imprinted deeper, after this Manner. |Tlu;y firft with the BruOi and Colour nnakc a rough )raft of the Figure they defign j then they prick ill over with a fharp Thorn till the Blood guflies Pricking Dut ; then they rub the Place v/ith their Hai.ds, firft^hcskiu, iipp'd in their Colour they defign •, and the Pifture ' mad'j is indelible : But fcarcc one in forty of them fis painted this way. One of my Companions defired mc once to get Dutof his Check one of thcfc imprinted Pidtures, (fhidi was made by the Negroes^ his Name was Bull- nn\ which yet I could not effedlually do, after luch fcarifying and fetching off a great Part of the i)kin. The Men when they go to War, paint the faces all over with red \ and the Shoulders, Breafts, and the reft of the Bodies, herewith black, and here with yellow, or any other Colour at Pleafure, fn large Spots •, all which they wafh off at Nighc the River before they go to deep. They wear no Cloaths ordinarily -, but only the Wcmens ^Vomen have a Clout or Piece of Cloth about their *^*'^''' liddlc, tied behind with a Thread, and hanging iown to their Knees or Ancles, if they can get one arge enough. They make thefe of Cotton \ but Ifometimes they meet with ff)mc old Cloaths got by racking with their Neighbouring Indians fubje(^t to ^hf; Spaniards -, and thefe they are very proud of. Ir. Dampier relates how we prevail'd with a mjorofe indian^ by prefcnting his Wife with a Sky-colour'd reuicoat : And nothing will oblige the Women norc than to give them Cloaths, especially of gau- k Colours. 1 . I' I I i III i !i I'i ll! M 11 m I i The .'u.J'' www 'W9 h) if Men naked. Con irk Vcllcl. MoHefly 0} both TheMen's Robes, on particular Occafions Mr, WAFER'/ "Defcnptm The Men f^o ordinarily quite naked, withr/irf^l mucli as a CUnit auoiic them, whicli lew oihcr /»<. diam are without. Hut tlicfe have only a fni.ill Vcd fel of Ciold or Silver, if they are able, or at Icdil l^iece of J^laniain-leaf, of aCJonick lM^?;urc, likcihcl Ivxtiu^^uiHicr ol a Candle, 'i'hey loruduly btarl hack the /'iV/zj within its own '1 egunieni, dole tf)| the Pubcs \ and they keep it there with this I'unnel tied hard upon it with a String cominfy from it, and ^^oin-r about their Waills, \ Ley leave the.V^r'./iJ tx[)os'd, liaving no Senfe ot Shame with Kticrjnccl to that, as they have with Refped to the Pcni\\ wjiich they never fhew uncovered ; But the Men wall turn away their Faces even from one another, if hyl any Accident it be uncovered; and when ihtyl v/ould make Water, they turn their Backs to thcirl Companions, and fquattirg down flip of! the lunnd with one Hand, and having done, put it on again very nimbly. When they would go to Stool, rhfji choofe always to go into the River, both Men orj "Women i having a great Senfe of Shame as to that| particular : And in general, they are both a mocleil and a cleanly People. Yet the Men alfo have a Value for Cloaths, and if! any of them had an old Shir, given him by anyo(] us, he would be fure to wear it, and ftrut about no ordinary Rate. Befides this they have a Sortol long Cotton Garments of their own, fomc whitcJ others of a rufty black, fhap*d like our Carter's Frocks, hanging down to their Heels, with a Fringe of the fame of Cotton about a Span longJ and Ihort, wide, open Sleeves, reaching buttoihtf Middle of their Arms. Thefc Garments they pu^ on over their Heads •, but they are worn only on fome great Occafions, as attending the King 0^ Chief, either at a Feaft, a Wedding efpccially : fiti'ng in Council, or the like, llicy don't marcli in them : But the Women carry i\\dz and tueir 0'| t:ie1 A Aii^ik i |i ; I 351 :; naked, withf/irfo| whicli few oihcr h. ive only a (niJl Vci- ,re able, or at Icail i lick l'\!;urc, likcir/jl riiey l()iiA.il)ly btarj 'Icgurneni, dole to ere with this i'ljnneil coming Irom ii, a ,iey leave the.Vfr';/!/mJ lame with Ktf; rjncel ^efpeft to the Par.:] 'd : But the Men v;;il| 71 one another, if byl d i and when iheyl their Backs to their wnflip ofi thelunnel lone, put it on agaiaj uld go to Stool, thf| River, both Men cr| I of Shame as to tha^ ey are both a moileili uc for Cioaths, aiid ifl given him by any o^ it, and ftrut about li s they have a Sort oi r own, feme whicej )*d like our Carter's :heir Heels, with about a Span longJ reaching buttoihd : Garments they m y are worn only oil ending the King oj dding cfpccially ; oj I'liey don't nnarcli ry thcf- and ti'cir oj t'lq of th2 Idhmus of America. iher Ornaments in Baskets after them -, which they put on when they come to the Place of AfP.mbly, and there make tliemfelves as fine as they can. When they are tlius aHcmbled, they will fometimes walk about the Mace or I'lantation 'vhere they are, jvirh thefe their Robes on : And I once faw Laccnla thus walking about with 2 or 300 of thefe attending im, as if he was muflering them: And I took Notice that thofe in the black Gowns walk'd before jhim, and the white after him, each having their I.an- :esof the fame Colour with their Robe§. For an Ornament to the Lace, befide their g^'nc-p^^^pj al painting and daubing their Cheek, with red hanging [when they go to War, the Men wear at all I'lmesaoverthc )itce of l-'late hanging over their Mouths, general-'^" yof Silver, but the principal Men have it of Gold. Tis of an oval Figure, covering the Mouth from orner to Corner \ AnCi this is 'he length of it. It eaches fo low as to lye upon tne Under-lip with its lowed Side, and there is a piece cut out of the Up- cr-fKle, near the i'lxtremity of it •, which Kd^e ing cjt afmider, the v. iiole l^late is like the Figure I ;i. Kalf-moon, only inclining more to an Oval i ,nd gently pinching the Bridle of the Nofe with its oiiits, it hangs dangling from thence. It is in flie die of about the 1 hicknefs of a Guinea ; but ;rows tiiinner gradually towards the Edge. The iate--, of this Size are fuch as they ufe when ilicy p 1.0 a Feafl or Council : But that which they ea; abroad upon a long March, j-luniing, or at irdinary Times, is of the fame Shape, but much allcr, and does not cover their Lips. Such an n;: I wore among them of Gold. Inflead of this Plate, the Women wear a Ring The Wo- nging down in the fame Manner ; and the Metal mcnsNofe indSize alio differing according to their Rank, and'^'"*^^* t Occafion. The larger Sort is of the Thicknefs I ii Goofe-quill \ and not Oval as the Men's FJate, but it ill! '^ill 1 9;' [ Mli I r 1 i ^ 11 1 * ' i f 1 ; 1 :■ .^ ;» 1 55^ 1 ■• f !i jr ;\;r. W A F E R 'i "Defcnption bur circular. It goes through the Bridle of [^ Nofc ; which ninny Times, by its Weight and lor/r ITc, efpccially 'n P.ldcr Women, it bri.^gs down to the Moutli. Both Men and "Women, at folemn M^al^ r,- rVdfts, wlien they we:ir ti.eir Jarger I'la^^-:, or Kint.-,s take them rnit and hiy them alide till ihcv h;iv; done Kating •, when rubbing them very rlcan ar/l bright, they put then, in again. At other Tim's U'hen they eat or drink, they content thcmfclvcs ^ith lifting up with the left Hand, if need bf, the fmail i'lates or Rings they then wear, fand the Womcr/; Kings are feldom fo fmall but they lie upon rne J .ipsj while they ufe their Right in taking up the Cup or feeding themfelves. And by the way, tiiq always make the chief ufe of their right Jiand^: Nr>ne of And I never perceivM a I. eft-handed Perfon among ^y*^^,. them. Nfither the Plates nor Rings hinder nrirn ^^^ 'their Speaking, tho* they lie bobbing upon tiicir i-ips. 1 he King or Chief, and fome few of the great One.=i, at extraordinary Times, wear in each hr, faltned to a Ring there, two large gold Plates, o.i': hanging before to the Brcafl, and the other behind on the Shoulder. They are about a Span long, cf| an Ikart-fafiiion fas that is commonly paintcdj wita the Point downward ; having on the upper Partil narrow Plate or Label, about 3 or 4 Inches long, by a 1 lole which it hangs to the Ring in the har.! It wears great Holes in the Ears by frequent lie, I once faw Lacenta^ in a great Council, wcaril of Cold. J3jadcm of Gold-plate, like a Band about his Had, 8 or 9 Inches broad, jagged at the Top like the Teeth of a Saw, and lined on the Infide with a Net- work of fmall Canes. And all the armed iMcnJ who then attended him in Council, wore on their Heads fuch a Band, but like a Basket of Can^ and fo jagged, wrought fine, and painted very !: ana- Far pen ciants. Diadems h\- ^fcriptmi the Bridle of tj.,. ■s Weight and lonrr n, it brii^i^s down folc-rnii M'':i!s ^' ;rr Plaf^-:, or King?, I'uU- till ihcv li:iv': cm vt:ry f.lcaii and At other Tim';v icntthcmfclvcs with need he, the fmall , fand the Womcrs : they lie upon riie t in taking ii{) the d by the way, they heir rigtit iiand^: nded Pcrfon among Kings hinder miir.,^. bobbing upon their ne few of the great j wear in ciich I'.ar, ge gold Plates, wt nd the other behind jut a Span long, ot| monly painted] wiia n the upper Part a 3 or 4 Inches long, c Ring in the hr. s by trequentl'le.l at Council, wear a | md about his Head, . the Top like _th?j elnfidewithaNct-i 1 the armed Men, ncil, wore on their I a Basket of Can^^, and painted very| i:an'> o/' //je Wimus of America. 353 jiandfomciy, for the moil part red •, but notcoveiM hvcr with a Gold-plate as Lacenta\ was. The 'J'op^ndof [f thefe was fet round with long Feathers, of feve-^;'',J" of the mod beautiful Birds lluck upiioht in at^j^.rj.'^'" Ijni^ or Crown : But Lacejita had no I-'catliers on lis Diadem. Befide thefe particular Ornaments there are yet o-cham^of ber genera! ones, which they all wear, Mi'n, Wo-*-<.ac!., nen and Children of 7 or H Years old, in Proporri-^-^'* to their Age. Thefe are feveral Strings or fchains of Teeth, Shells, Beads, or the like, liang- kg from the Neck down upon the lireaft, and t(i lie Pit of the Stomach. The Teeth-chains are cu-tlicir vjfly made with Teeth jagged like a Saw in feve-g'''-'^'"'^'^!^* ll Rows, fo contrived as chat the Prominences of ^eone Row may lie in the Notches of the other, nd look like one folid Mafs of Bone. This was [orn only by Lncentn^ and iome few of the printi- M'n, on particular Occafions •, and they put them over the reft ol their Beads. We us'd to call lielc Tygcrs-tceth, though I know not for what'^'y.^^"- ealon, for I never faw any fuch Creature th'-re : ^'^''"' ^' [et 1 have been informcrd there arc Tygers on thcTy^^ers Dntinent. Somj of our Men who crofs'd the Ijlh- ^V^^^" Kf, rold me, they killed one there ; and at ano- '' ' erlimc, when we went over with Ca()t. Sharpy ne of the Men faid they faw a Tyger, who flood [afmad Diftance, and itar'd upon them. I have ardalfo that there is a fmall Sort, but very fierce, I the Bay of Camppach-j. |B;it for the reft of them, both Men and Women, "^'i'^. ey wear not any Teeth, but only a few fcatteringf^j''^^'"' i?:times here and there in the Chains among thouj^^jc. of the Baubles. P'.ach of them has, it may be, iJtthe Neck 3 or 400 Strings of Beads, Shells, ti''^ like, but thefe divided into 7 or 8 Ranks •, the Strings or each, by being turn'd a little a- ^t one another, make, as 'v. were, fo many •I , n 1 ; : n MHv"!' ' '• • I 11 1 '^j 1 1 i, 1 . iji. Aa Hopes ■ iJFr ,^^'■|| 1 ■ i f : ,, • i > . ; f " ( ' ■ w 1 / J , '1 1 ■ h 1 1 If!: I ■ ! 354 Their great Weight; wh''n worn. Wonicns Hri-'elets of the fame. Their Houlcb ; ari'l how r<;ati; J. Mr. VV A r E K 's T>efcriptm, Popes of them. Tliefe han^r ufLuilly one btlou nocher, ycc in no great Ordct i .ind the W'orr,;ii generally have theirs hanging all on a ii,;^ Clulter. Wliatcvcr Bugles or other lucli 'i ovs'th^^ get, they tind a Place for them among their ChariS ■whit h the heavier they be, tlie ^mal ornan.cnul She is a poor Woman who has not i j or 20 Poyr, Weight upon her •, foine iiave 30 or mon: , an, the Meii i.>'ivc commonly ne.ir twice as mucii \V'.i^/'-;. :., ■; the Women, itccording as their Strcnyi i?, utd I'.cir Ability to compafs them. VV'^cri th;y arc in tlie Houfe, or on i lunting, p,oing to Vv;l-, they weir none of ilulc Lvam but only when they would appear in State, upc Otcafion of a beaft, Wedding, Council, or i\ like. As they go to the Plac; of Rendezvous, ti Women carry them for them, as they do ih('ir ot,^ Trinkets, in Baskfts •, one at each i'.n'.l of ;i Foi laid a-crofs the Shoulder. When they come to Place, they put them on, and walk ahour , fometimes will dance in them \ till with the Moti and Weight they fweat extremely. When thi fit down to eat, they take them off till the/ has done. The Ciiildren have only a few fmall Chains, 11 a String or two of Beads or Bugles they will pi upon their very Infants. And the Women, beiV thcle Chains, have lomctimes Bracelets about .ii Arms, of a fmall Quantity of the lame Matcrt twifled feveral I'imes about. Both Men ar/P.V men, v/hen painted, and fet out with all thvlel' ries, make no ordinary Figure. I'heir Houies lie mofi:ly thin and fcattcrin^, pecially in new Plantations, and always by a k:;j lide. But in fome Places there are a pr.riy m together, fo as to make a 'I'own or Viiiagc; 1 not (landing clofe or orderly in Kov/s or Streets, diipers'd here utid ch':re, like our Villaa;-s orCoi m :-: oi Kcndc/.vou',, tS , as they do ihcir oth< It each l!.iid of ;i Po Vhcn they com;: to And Wcdk Ji\)0u: , m tdl with the Mono tremely. When tti^ hem o\\ till the/ few fmall Chains , iij Bugh'S they wil id the Women, Irii^ s Bracelets about ^ (•f the lame Macery Both Men and -Vj out with all th'jicFii re. un ;incl feattcrin^, and always by 'i K:'^ lere are a prcriy ma I'own or Vii;.igc in Kov/s or Streets, om- Villus; -s orCo:j 1:0!" nop brii .\: of the Ifthmus of America. 355 fions, or in Wood- lands. They h;ivc Plantations ly- igiihouc them, foinc at a nearer, others at a j^reat- Uiffance, rcfcrving ftill a Place 10 build the com- ar-houlV on The/ change not their Seats fes, unlefii ei'her for fear of tlie Neig.hboiir- g >' .'ifuards^ 'f they think tlien'. too much ac- u.i,i cl vv' h the Place of their Abode-, or to t( their Commons, when the Ground is worn i,( of Hea*t i for tiiey never manure it. I:i l.'Liildinf.'; they lay no Foundations, only dii^ ^^d built i',1' :, 2 or ; Feet alunder ; in which they fet fmall 'olts I'piight, of an ecjual He ighth, of 6, 7, or f'/OL !iigh. 'i'hc Walls are walled up wiiii Sticks^ ildaub'd over with F'.atth : And from thefe Walls cRoof runs in fmall Kafters, meeting in a Ridge, 1 (ovcrecl with Jx-aves of fomc I'rees of the 'ai'ii-kind. "iie Building is all irregular. Tiie Length is a- ui 24 or 2/5 Foot J the Breadth proportionable. here is no Chimney, but the Fire is made in the idclle of the Floufe, on the Ground •, the Smoke oing out at a Hole on the Top, or at the Crevifes tae Thatch. The Houfe is not fo much parted to Rooms, as all of it a Clufler of Hovels, join- g together in one Houfe. No Stories, no Doo^rs, lor Shelves, nor other Seats, than Logs of Wood. very one of the Family has a Hammock ti^d up, nging from End to Lnd of the Hovel or Room. Several 1 loufes in a Village or Neighbourhood, War- vc one War-houfe or Fort in comm -i to them ; l^.^' ^' hith is generally at leaft 120 or 130 F'oot long, ibout 25 broi'd, the Wall about 9 or 1 o Foot high ; I'l in all to the 'I'op of the Ridge about 20 Foot i ci co/er'd with Leaves as their other Houfcs. The aterials and Method of Building are alfo much '' famt; iis in the other Houfes •, but there ar.^ no artitions. The Sides and F'.nds of thefe War- ui^ei are full of Holes, each about as wide as ot^*s A a 2 f:ift> :!^ I ; f: n 1 1 J-oru. m ■tv 356 Mr. WAFER'j 7)efmptm Fift- •, but made, here and thrre at Random in r, rcguliir Figure or Order. Out of their tluy , an approaching Fncniy, and flioot their Airrm, '1 h'jy have no way of flanking an Ivnciiiy. TN 1 loules arc always iVatrd on a J-evei, on the \j or Fdfre of a gentle Hill •, anil tlvy clear the Coati of Woods and Shrubs, for a Bow's-flioot qiti round it. 'i'here is a Doorway at each V.wl- -ni to barricado it, a vSort of 13oor made of Mii^'j; v/ood and Bamboes, both Iplir and bound toofthei wilii Willis -, *tis about a Foot thick : This riie- have ready to fet up againA ati l^.neniies I'!in;ii,r»j and 2 or 3 Pvjfls m the Ground to I'lipport it. 'f a great Inconvenience of thcl'e Forts that thcv ai cafily fet a Fire •, and the Spaniards flioot in^o tl 'I'hatch, Arrov/s with long Shank'; inadc red ho! for that Purpofe. There is ufually a I-amilyof/i (imui living in the War-houfe, as a Guard to it, mi to keep it clean : And they are always kept pre[i neat, as their private ITouils a^l'o are, '1 he Wai houfcs ferve them alfoto hold their Councils, or ther general Meetings. In the i'lantations, among their f Joufes, theyfi fo much of l*lantains, Maiz, or the likp, as fen their Occafions. The Country being all a lorel the firft 1 hing of their Husbandry is ufually toe down the I'rees and clear a piece of Ground. T often let the Trees lie along the Place 3 or4Ytai ' after they are cut down •, and then fet fire tor'nei ^* ♦. and the Underwood or Stumps, burning all toi ther. Yet in the mean time they plant Maiz ^long the Trees as they lie. So much ot tl .fTloots of the Trees as are under Ground, they fi ' fer to lie there and rot, having no way to grubtiii upf. W'hcn the Ground is pretty clear, they hoJ it up into little Ridges and Hillocks •, but inno v good Form nor regular Diflance. In each 0^ i^ 4' Hillocks they make a Hole with their Fingers. ; Plantali- <>ns and llnsban dry. ' M 3:kk w 'Il ^.' of the Ifthmus ^America. 357 ^row in 2 or 3 Grains of Maiz as wc do Girdcn- :.ins i covering it up with r'.arth. The Scrd-timc abour April \ the ] Lirvcd uboiit Sdhtrmber or \id'iy\ 'I'hcy pluck ofl' tiie l\iirs of ihc M.ii/. rith their Hands, as is ufual alio clfcwhcrc : And bo' I was not there in their Marveft-tiiDc, yet I iw ih'j Mai/ in the j)r(ceeding Harvefl laid up in Husk in their Iloules. Inih-ad of Threlhing, btyriiboi'l the Grain. They make no Bread ofMair. |, nor Cakes, hut ufe the Flower on many Occari-Mt>wcr. Ins-, parclting the Corn, and grinding it between j^'oStones, as Chocolate is made. One ufe they j)ut \t Flower to, is to mixt it with Water in a Cala- iind fo drink it off-, which they do frequently [hcnrhcy travel, and have not k-ifure to get other [rovifions. This Mixture they call Cbichahy which, Jthink, fignifics Maiz. They make a Drink alfo of their Maiz, which ^'^''" U call Chichah-Co-pah i tor Co-pah fignifics Drink. ^^'''"^• [hey deep in a Trough of Water a Quantity of laizbruifed, about 20 or 30 Bufhels, if it be a- linll a Feaft or Wedding \ letting it lie fo long till [e Water is impregnated with the Corn, and be- ns to tarn fourc. Then the Women, ufually fome Women, who have little elfe to do, come to- other and chew Grains of Maiz in their Mouths, how fcr- hidiihey fpit out into a Gourd or Calabafli : '"ciucii. ^d when they think they have a fufficicnt Qu^n- of this Spittle and Maiz in the Calabalhes, they npty them into the Trough of Water, after ha- ng firft taken out the Maiz that was infus'd in it v ;' this ferves inftead of Barm or Yeaft, fetting all Trough of Liquor in a fmall Ferment. When lbs done working, they draw itoH' clean from the iimcnt into another IVough, and then 'tis ready iile. It talfes like foure fmall Beer, yet 'tis ve- lintoxicating. They drink large Quantities of it, ' :^r- very fond of it : It makes them belch very A a j much, . I I i (■ • iih, \:'': I , I t ii %i il! i» ■ 1,1' I 1 'If \ I MM Vi • I ?5 8 Mr. WAFERS "Defcription much. 'rhi. "WWW I . J I IW m !il^ f '1' ir I raaking. 362 il/r. WAFER'J "Defcription and thin piece of M:zr/zw-wood like a Rolcr, wli lies a-crofs between the Threads of the Warn fori that Purpofe. The Girls alfo twift Cotton- Yarn for Fringes and prepare Canes, Kecds, or Palmeto-Lcavcs, as| The Mens ^^^ Boys alio do, for Basket-making. BucthcmaJ FaMtet- king up the Baskets is the Men's work •, who firft] dye the Materials of feveral curious lively Colours and then mix and weave them very prettily. Thev weave little Baskets like Cups alfo very nf.at ; withl the Twigs wrought fo very fine and clofc, as to hold any Liquor, without any more to do, having no Lacker or Varnifh .' And they as ordinarily drink out of thcfe woven Cups, as out of their Cala- baflies, which they paint very curioufly. '[ hpymikel Baskets ot fcveral Sizes, for carrying their CloatiiJ or other Ufes, with great Variety of Work-, andfo| firm, that you may crufh them, or throw thcma- bout, how you will almoft, with little or no Da- mage to them. Ihc young Maids are fbut up in private by thtrl Parents at the Time of Puberty, and will not bej feen by any, but put a piece of Cotton as a Viilo- ver their Faces, if any one ffiouid come arcidcntal- ly into the Place where they are, though it be theirl Father. This Confinement lafls not long, butthey foon go abroad again. I'hey are very moddhi and though they will lay hold of any Fart ofal Man, yet they do it with great Simplicity and Inr.ol cence. Woven Cups. Model" of th? vuung Maidb. i 1 Pluraliry Lncnita had fevcral Wives, as others of thf-mai- or vvjvi's I0 had. Lacenta'^ were 7 in Number. \Vh^:n ntl went a Progrefs or long Journey, 'twas lo contri-l ved, tluit he fiill foupd one of his Wives at (:viTf| new .Stage he eame to. Ad-.ikcrvl i f his Wives at { viT/ of the Ifthmus of America. 365 Adultery is punifhed among them with fhePunifh-' Peath of both Parties. Yet if the Woman confef- TJ"]"^^ fes the Faft to her Musband, and fwears fhe was ^ ^"^' forc'd, fhe finds Favour 1 Butif fhe conceals it, and it be pruv'd againft her, fhe is burnt. Their Laws are fevcre alfo in other Refpeds ; for a Thief Theft, dies without Mercy. If a Man debauches a Virgin, they thrufl a Sortandde- of Briar up the PafTage of his Poiis^ and then turn*^"'J'''"5 It round ten or a dozen Times : Which is not only ^*'"S"^^* a great Torment, but commonly mortifies the J',r;t; and the Pcrfon dies of it •, but he hasLib#i»» ty to cure himfelf if he can. Thefe Fa6U mufl be proved by Oath *, which is by their Tooth. When they marry, the Father of the Bride, or Their the next Man of Kin, keeps her privately in the fame Marriage. Apartment with himfelf the firll feven N'^ hts ; whether to exprcfs an Unwillingncfs to part with her, or for what other Reafon I know not -, and Oie is then dcliver*d to her Husband. When a Man difpofes of his Daughter, he invites all the India)is within 20 Miles round, to a great Feiift, which he provides for them. The Men whoPrefenr come to the W^edding bring their Axes along with^'"°'-^o'''^- them, to work with : 1 he Women bring about half a Bufliel of Maiz : The Boys bi ing Fruit and Roots : The Girls Fowls and l^ggs ; for nor', come empty-handed. Tiiey fet their Prcfents at the Door of the Houfc, and go away again, till all the reft of the Gucfts have brought theiii ; which are all rcceiv'd in, and difpos'd of by the People of the Houfe. Then the Men return firfl to the Wedding, and v^arriai^c the Bridegroom prefents each Man with a Calabafh Ceremo- ofllrong Drink, and condufts them through the^''"* Houfc one by one, into ibme open Place behind it. The Women come next, who like wife receive a Ca- labafli of Fiquor, and march through th;: Houfc. 'I" hen <.'. m ■f«ii i 'X '':: I U I. •: ■ Ill i '. i Worlirg for 'lie rew Cou lie >6+ 3/r. WAFERV "Defcription Then comn the Boys, and lafl: of all the Curi,' who all drink at the Door, and go after ihc rtll. Hicn come the Fathers of the young CoiU)!" with their Son and Daughter : The Fatlutr of thr Bridegroom leads his Son, and the Father '>\ the Bride leads his Daughter. The forinci makci a Speech to the Company •, and then danrf^s a- bout with many Antick Cieflures, till he is ;ill on a Sweat. 'Fhen kneeling down he gives his Son to the Bride ^ whofe Father is kneeling alio and hold, her, having danr.'d hirnfelf into a Swear, as theo- ther. 'J'!u:n tiic ytjung Couple take eaeh otficr hy the Mand, and the Bridegroom returns the Bride toiler I'aLher •, and thus ends the Ceremony. 'F!un all the Men take up their Axes, andr.n fnouting and hollowing to a Iradt of Woodlmd, which before is laid out for a Plantation for uie young Couple. There they fall to work, rutting d(n"/i the Wood.i, and clearing t!ie Ground as fai; as they can. Thus they continue about fevcn Days working with the greateO Vigf)ur ima^^ineah^ : And all the Ground which they clear, tlie VVorr, a and Children phuit with Maiz, or whatevc- (Iff" i', agreeable to the Seafon. 'J'hcy alfo build a lloufc for the ncw-marned Couple to live in. The^'ar- The ^vY^n Days being ended, and the young iia^ercaajyj^n fettled v/ith his Wife in his new 1 loulc, the Com[)any make merry there with Chichah-Co-pah^ the Corn-drink before defcribed, of which they arc fure to provide good Store. They alfo make I'rovifion for Feailing •, and the Guefls fall too very h'aruly. Hard When their Fating is over, the Men fall to hard iJrinking. Drjnking : But before they begin, the Bridegroom Carcro tikes all their Arms, and hangs them to the Kidgf pole oi the Houfe, where none can get at them bu: nimfelf : For they arc very quarrclfome in the:: .])j!nk • T' '.y continue drinking Night and Day, UL Jl ih.. Liquor U fpent ; which lali> ufuallv , 7»re- ••nr ^-.iiCll- of the lAhniiis of America. lor4 Day^. During which fomc arc always drink- hilc oth(TS arc driink and flceping: And 3(^5 w when all the Drink is out, and they have recov-i'd their .Senfes, they all return to their own Momes. They have FeaOing on other Occafions aH(j-, asr)t|,<., after a great Count il held, or any other Meet ing •, Vc\\V. anJ which they have lonietimes only for Merriment, '^cals. The Men conflantly drink to one another at Meals, [peaking fome Wc^rd, and reaching out the Cu}) to- wards the Perlbn they drink to. 'i'hey never drink to their Women •, l)uc thefe conflantly ftand by and attend them wliile they are eating \ take the Cup of any one who has drank, throw f>ut the Re- mainder of the I/iquor, rinle it, and give it full to another. 'I'he Women at all Feafls, and in their own Moufes, wait on their llusbands till they have done ; and then go and eat by themfelves, or with one another. The Men, when they are at home, trouble them- The Mens fclves little with any Bufincls •, but that they may not '^mploy- b^ quite idle, they will be often making them Cups"''^"^^' md Baskets, Arrows and Meads for them, Lances, Nets, and the like. The Men make ahb a Sort of Pipes of frnall hol-jheirRc- low Bamboes, and fometiines ot a fmgle Reed, creation. They cut Notches in it, and blovv' it ilrongly, ma- king a whining Noife, but without; any diilin(tL Notes: And they frequently entertain themfelves with fuch Inflruments, as they us*d in their Pawaw- :« They will do any thing to make a Noifc, which they love much \ and they keep every one '^ Humming at the fame Time to tliemfelves. fhey hum alfo when they dance, which they do Dancing. '.nany Times 30 or 40 in a Riiig, Men only toge- ther, 'i'iiey Itretch out their Mands, laying rhem ^1 anotlier's Shoulders. Then they move gently le-vvavs round in the fame Circle •, and fliake all the ■f^'^;: in ; ■ V 366 Mr. WAFERS "Defcription the Joints of their Bodies with a wriglincr ant,^;^ (jclliirc, as tlic-y move along the Ring. lliey j^ipe and drum ottcn, even at wurkir.i; 7'imes i Init their danjing they ule chiefly whcrj tl-.ty get together to make merry. Whc-n they have danc'd lome Time, one or other of the CW | pany goes out of the King, jumps about, andpjuji antieis. Tricks, throwing and catching his 1 unrc bending back towards the (i round, and fpnri(fin;r| forw.ird again, with many other Motion^, hr:: uurl Tund)]eis i but with more Adivity than At: And vJicn one is tired with his Tricks, anoiht: fleps out •, and Ibniaimes two or three to{;('ilK:r. ,\J foon as ever *tis over, they )ump into the Rivci, ,11 in a violent Sweat as they are. and there walli them felves clean \ and when they come out of rht; Wa-I ter, tlu y (Irokc it off" from tlieir Hair and Pjoditil with their Hands. A Dancing-bout, ii the Aim- ing be large, lalU lometimes a whole Day, !»l(io!n lefs than 5 or 6 I lours •, and 'tis ufually alter havir.d u fliort drinkiiu/, Bout: Hut they don't dance dtur they have drank very hard. 'rhefe, and the Huntings and Shooting .•.: Mark, are their chif t Divcrtifc-menth •, tor ix;'.i| Men and lioys will be letting Hy at any tiling ihevl fee, though for nothing but Mxercife orTiialoi The Wo- Skill. The Women have Dancings and Mcrri men-: Di ments by themfelvcs, wlien their Husbands Rillimfil vcrlion:.. ,,j.^_. ^y^.^ ^ f^jj- [|-|^.y never fall nor (day t(;[i,rih(r| with the Men: Bui they will diink by Lh.'ni!dvri| till they are fuddled. Thcircare ^^^^' '^<^men take grciL Care of their 1 lusbafiGij of their when they have made themfclves drunk. I'oi whtij drunken tiiey perceive hini in fueh a Ccjndition that be u Husbands ^^^^^ ^^ ^^ longer, they get i or 2 mori' V ('Hi'l to affilt them to take him up, and put him imo Hammock \ where as he lies fnoring, thr-y ftaiKljyj and fprinkJe Water on hiii Body to rool luin, v/aiM Oefcription 1 a -wriglitig antuK e King. , even at wurkir.'j 17 uic chicHy when nerry. When they r other of the Con-;' i])s iib*)ut, andpLiysi catching his 1 m:^ )iind, and ipriii(»ing r Motion^, h"r. : .jj A(^tivity than At: his Tricks, anoinv: jr three loj^cilicr, \, p into the River, >!1 ind there wafli them jinc out oi the Wa- I'.eir Hair and P)Odif:> ;d)OUt, ii the Meet- whole Day, !'• !(io;r, s ufually aitct havir," ,ey don'l dance aticr and Sh.noting .: titcnu'nts ; tor boiil fly at any tiungihtv r.xerciie or Trio! of| uicings and Mcti n- 1 JusbanusPaitimttj nor [day i()i;rilRr diink by thjmidvcj V oF their ilu.baricJ .'s drunk. i'<^i '-^i'tl ondition thar iic un| or 2 more V onv and put him inio -.^ oring, they (landiil y ro cool hi in, v/ai of the Ifthmus of America. 367 ing his Hands, Feet and Face \ ftroking ofF that Water with their Hands as it grows warm, and throwing on frefh. I have 'ictn. 10 or i 2 or more, lying tlius in their llam mocks after a Feaft, and the Women ihmding by to look alter them. The Men never flir abroad upon the moll ordina-j.funting ry Occafion, if it be but jufl without the Door tol'.>;pcaiu- niake Water, but they take with them Ibme w o-^"^. [her of their Weapons, their Bow a/id Arrow, Lance, Hatchet, or Macheat or Long-knife. Their n'lOll: frequent Fxpeditions in lime of Fcace, are to go alluntijig. I'or this is their way (jf i"uj)plying tacmlelvcs with FleDi •, and they go out as often as it fails at home. They IbiDccimes go out a Family ior two only by themfelves •, but they have often lar<^er and more folemn Huntings, of a great many I in Company together: And there is feldom a Coun- cil held, or Feaft, but there is fome hunting Match cuncluded on before they part \ and a Time fct fo- tvery one to appear with their fevcral Neceffarics, I at the general Rendezvous, A hunting Fxpedition lafts fometimes cj or 4, (iinictimes 10, 12, 17 or iH Days, according as Itiiiy meet with the Game, and as tlie Courle is whicii they fleer to find it : For fometimes they will [range to the Bordc-rs, to vifit or traffick v/ith their Neighbouring Indian^ •, And they will hunt all the [way as they go and return. They huf\t more or Ids at all Seafons of the Year \ never regarding whether their Venifon be in Se.don or not. They take with them one or two Dogs a piece, to beat about i and there go as well Wome!> as Men. When I went with them a liunting a young Woman was apjK)inted me to wait on me, and cany my |Ba:.k( t of Provifions. f he Women carry in their Baskets, Plantains, r:ov;uon» [Bcnanoes, Yams, Foratoes and Caffava-roots, rea-- jtly rouiludi but in the Wood:>, among t!ie ruin'd PJd.rita- . ' , ! I ' .)• !ii|#, ut'^iM 1= J 368 Mr. VVAFER'j "Defer/fit ion Plantations, they often meet with green PLtnuins which they drefs there, and with thefe Koocs : So that if they go defignedly among fuch Plantations, they carry the lei's with them. They carry alio lbn\c parcli'd Mai/ in Meal or Flower, and fume ripe Plaintains raw to make M[daiv with. This is all their Provifion. Every Woman carries a Cila balh •, and there are one or two Pipkins amonu them all. The Men carry Bows and Arrows, ,1 Tamahock or little Axe, and a Machcat. All go Barefoot, and are otten fcratch'd in the Woods, but matter ir nor. I'hey hunt Pccaryy IVarm, TheCime ^^^imons., (^hicaly-Cbifa'ecs, Corrcfou*s^ or any other Beail or Bird they meet with, I' : irrows quite. ' of the inhmus of Amcricvi. 3C9 rhen they fee their Maftcr bcliind a Tree reaJy io hoor, they all withdiaw to avoid the Arrow. As feonas an Indian liaih fhot a Pauiy or IVavrcr^ he funs in and lances them i then he unbowcls thein, growing away the Guts, and cuts them in two a- |:rols the MiddL:. Then he cuts a piece of Wood brp at both Ends i (ticks the Forepart ol the |tall iit one End, and the Kinder-part at the other. ach laying his Stick a-crols his Shoulder, they kto the Rendezvous, where they appointed the ^'onicn to be i after which they can y their Meat lome, fird barbecuing it that Night. When they take a Bealt or Bud, they pierce it fith the Lances, or Ihoot Arrows into it, to Jet ai the Blood. Then they quarter it (firft cutting :lie Head and it it be a P.^\iry they fcald orr'Cinins: jif Hair with hot Water \ ii" a PParrcc^ they flea it. ^"c Meat, from Ionic ot the Birds they Ihip the Feathers on- [, from others tiie Skin alfo : And this not regular- k while the Carcals is whole, but Piece-meal, af- r they have u'ifmeinlx\ 'd it \ efpecially in their 3urnies. It they intcFKi to preferve any, having little Salt, \t) erect fo-ur forked Sticks 8 or y Foot afunder, which they lay twc paralkl Staves tiiat fhall be |)ove a Foot from the Ground, and \o make a Brbecue. A-crofs thele Staves they lay the pieces the Beads or Biidsi and Ipiead underneath a |w live Coals, to make which they burnaPaicel ^VooJ on purpofe •, and tuin the lame pieces, |id renew this Imall Fire for 3 or 4 Days, or a ^eek, till the Meat be as dry as a Ciiip, or like ur fmoak'd Beef. This they do abroad if tliey [llagre.t many Pccary, Birds, &c. and bring the eces home ready dried: And ir there be much of the iVien l,clp tiie Wonien to carry home the Ve- [fcn, Thcfc pieces will keep a gr^at while -, and hen the Stock is almoil out, they go again a hunr- iVoL III, ,:l ' ! m 15 U ing. t, ( ) 1 J 370 ^fr. WAFER'/ "Defcriptm ing. They make a Barbecue at home .iHo, hear ing up tht'le dried pieces a-crofs, ind often puuina romc. Kmb^rs vriderneath, to keep rhern from m\ ving, or growing mufty in ihat moid Coiintryl I'rom thcfe pieces they cut v>ft' Bits for Lie asthj want them. Tlifir If they take iny Parcels of their dried Flefh, Cookery; any newly killed, they cut it into fmall pieces, an^ throw thcin into the Pipkin : putting intoitfomei the Roots and green IMantains or Bonano's, oranj other Eatable, and a great deal of Pepper-, ftewin] al together by a flmmering gentle Hent, neve bc»iling it. The Vefiel ftands thus clofc covtr'i for 7 or 8 Hours -, for *tis fet on very early in tb Morning, and they Hay till all be brought toPulJ or Mafh. This is for fet Meals ; for Phintainsani Bonano's they eat all Day i but this fctMdi Flefh they eat but once, about Mid-day only. T' and man- Mafh they pour out into a large Earthen DiOi nc-r of Calabafh, fetting it on the great Block, which is J liaung. pv(.fy Houfe as a Table, fitting round on Ikif Blocks as on Stools. But at great Fealb, for Id Companies, they make a great Barbecue, ic, i^ or 2o Foot long, or more, as the Company is, ?.i| broad proportionably : They fpread on it ? o:j Breadths of Plantain-leaves for a Table-CIoatj Every one has a Calabafh of Water Handing him at his Right-Hand, on the Ground. In catinj they dip the two Fore- fingers of the Righi-Haj bent Hook-wife, and take up therewith out ol tl| Di(h, as with a Spoon, as much as they can, ftn king it a-crofs into their Mouths. At every mouD ful they dip their Fingers into the Calabalh of ter by their Side, whether for Cleanlinel's or ing, I know not ; for they eat their Meat excel hot, as well as violently pepperM. They eat thing with it as Bread i but when they have aLu of Sale (which is rare) at every 3 or 4 Mouthi 'i I 1 1 1 1 %.. .'If ft '' . 371 f their dried Fledi, oj : into f mall pieces, J putting intoitfomc IS or Bonano's, or am eal of Pepper •, ftewi^^ g gentle Heat, neve ids thus clofc covtr'i et on very early in tli all be brought to Pull ^cals ; for Pl;i mains an| i but this let Meal )ut Mid-day only. P large Earthen DiOi reat Block, which isij fitting round on lirj : great Fearts, tor lar^ •eat Barbecue, ic, i] as the Company is, ail ly fpread on it ? o: ; for a Table-Cioai] of Water Handing ;he Ground. In eatinj ;ers of the Righ.-Ha ip therewith out ol t!| Tiuch as they can, b iiths. At every nmi to the Calaballi of "or Cleanlineis or Co eat their Meat exceffij epperM. They eat when they have a Luj m, >lves ThrirTiai ; to- vdhng, ^ the i isi J irks ;h is lies ugli no ide ; 'eral ick- llov^ lout and lere. , or had Shewing jpaf- the Way ning jnd Time p^,,^ by Sign,. tern ting heir jher ridi- ling 't at [uire tern liBes well the nate ac£s uth- 1 1 !■ I IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1.1 11.25 Iti|2j8 |25 *i^ Uii 12.2 ■u 136 Mb o / Hiotographic Sciences Corporation '^"^^ 23 WEST MAIN STRf ET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 (716) 872-4503 >■*' ) '.0, tv! ^i #1 I ''hi I i. J' a M 4' r 570 Tlicir ) Cookery ; a| Cl and mm- nrr ot Eating. ■m v;,„> 1*-, n *if H-if I, '1^ #/ the Ifthmu^ 0f Aittcrid i7i ftroke ic ov«r chdr Tongue, t(» give a Relrft^^ iJien lay it veiling. ^ AkK a determinate Point, obferving the ^ of the Trees, according as the Wind is* 'are at a loi$ thia way, they notch the Birks [Trees, to fee which Side b thickeft \ which is r» the South, or Sunny-Ade ; and their way lies lly through "Woods. They go alfio through imps, Boggs, Rivera, ^e, where there is no of a Faik, aiid are often forced to turn afide ; will keep theit way pretty direct for feveral }% together » clearing their way through Thick- with their Maeheats, especially if of hollow iboes *, for there is no getting through without They fwim over Rivers, Men, Women and ireo, without felling Trees, as We did there, down the River tivey ufe either their Canoas, or >Logs made of Light^wood. Then any enquire the Way of them, as we had Shewing cral Times oCcafion to do in pafling and repaf-theWaf the IJibmus^ their uluaS Method of ii^forming*j^gj^* as to tli^ Bearing of Place they enquire after, ^ '*° * pointing towards it i and as to the Time in sh they may hope to arrive there, by pointing )me part of the Arc the Sun defer ibes m their nifphere : For according as they point higher jlower, either to the Eaft or Weft of the Meridi- diey fuggeil the Time of the Day, Morning [Afternoon, in which you may hope to arrive ac [River, Plantations, or whatever *tis you enquire So th^ Middle diftance between the Eaitern lb of the Horizon, and the Meridian, fignifies I Clock in the Morning j Jths of the South-weft of the Son's diurnal Courfe denotes 4 tn the ernoon, (^c. If the Time they would intimate n of Hours but Days, they turn their Faces B b 2 South- i *■ r.\- 'M, '■ il u : ^^y %* !i m ^^; lili If!':, ■; r ! ':' !^ ;(' ^a9np,)^^.yhf.-) . k Uu' Indians manhm^ urcn a I ^ ' jtmti£>mism^^^-mi:i^... . .:,:u. lagj&arf-aPiiit'MiTiriWiifii la-tfiWi ws tuMttmrna , ■ manhinq urcn a l^Jti, t7rf-r Fra/l. J^-3']t. <^^? La J If. a i;!- •f*) Vi ■; I I, ' 1^:1 372 Mr, \V AVER'S T>efcription Southward, and ckfcribing with their Hand the Arc ot the Sun's diurnal Couric tVoni Eall to Well when they have brou^Thr their Hand to point to the Weltern Horizon, they then bring it to tl.c Side oF their Head \ and laying down their Head on that Side upon it, and fliutting their Kyes, count^r- leit for a iVlonitnt their being afleep. Then re- peating the Motion with their Hand, and the inter- vening fleeping Times, they make you underlland that there will be fo many fleeping Times or Nifrhts belore you arrive at the Place you feck. Ccmputa- I oblerv'd among them no Diftinftion of Weeks, ofTime. or particular Days, no parting the Day into Hours, or any Portions, otherwife than by this Pointing: Am] when they ufe this, or any other Sign, yc: they fpcak at the fame I'ime, and exprels their Meaning in their own Language, tho' to Ewoticam who underftand it not. I'hey reckon Times pall by no Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies, buLihe Moons : For Lacrnta fpeaking of the Havock the Spaniards had m,ade to the Weftward, intim.ued 'twas a great many Moons ago. Numbers I'heir Computation is by Unites and Tens, and andCalcu Scores, to an Hundred -, beyond which I have not lations. heard them reckon. To exprefs a Number above this, they take a Lock of their Hair, little or great fin Proportion to the Number they would intimate) and hold it up in their Hands, forting it gradually with their Finger?, and Ihaking it. To exprefs j thing innumerable, they take up all the Hair on one Side of the Head, and Ihake it. "When we went into the South Seas under Captain Sharps we were in Number about l'i,6, as 1 iVrnein- ber j and a preriy many of the Indiaus of the IjV.:^ viJis bore us Company in our March. They weie willi.ig to take Account of our Number as wei march'd ; fo one of the Indians fat in the Path, and having a little Heap of Maiz-grains by him, f*^- every \m i I ir ir to tliC Side ward, intim.ued of the Ifthmiis of America. every Man of ours that pafsM by him he put one (jrain into his Basket. When he had thus taken a great P;irt of our Number, one of our Men in paffing by, gave his Basket purpofely a Tofs, and rhrew out his Corn, and fo fpoil'd his Account. This feeni'd to difpleafe them : Yet one of thcni ^ot a little before, and fitting clofc in the Wood, ,1: a fmall Diftance from the narrow Path, which we were to pafs one by one, he there took our Number in Grains of Maiz. But when he had ta- ken his Account, they were put to it to cafk it up : For 2 or 3 Days after, in the Progrefs of our March, coming among fome of the Southern Lidi- iiduSf wefaw fome 20 or 30 of the graver Men got together, and trying their Skill to compute the Grains in the Basket ; which when they had laid up- on a Plantain-leaf, feveral of them indeavour'd to tell one after another : But when they could tell no further, (the Number probably exceeding their A- lithmetick) and feem'd to grow very hot, and ear- inell in their Debates about ir, one of tnem llarted up, and forting out a Lock of his Hair with his Fingers and (baking it, feem'd to intimate the Nuni ber to be great and unknown •, and lb put un end I to the Difpute. But one of them came after us- and enquired our Number in brok'-n Spanifi, Their Capital Numbers, Ohi\ i'--jvo, 'Ihee^ they I name thus : 1. Conjugo, 2. Poquah. 3. Pauquah. 4. Pakeqnah. 5. Etcrrah, 6. Indricab, 7. Coogolah, y. Paukopab. 9. Pahhpah. Ill Nuiiieui Bb 3 io. J/iiv^go. , ' ■'i I Mm ( I r< 1 'ill ^^1 ! i jil ■ »! . '.t ' . dtim^i,':-^" i' hy 374 iW>.WAF£RV T>efirif$hn 10. Anivego, 11. Anivego Conjugo, 12. Anivego Bo quah. 13. Anivego Pauquaby &c. 20. yr. Hean augus Tree febtb. 70. Deb augus Tree febtb. 80. Careb-fehtb. CO. Deb augus Careb-fehtb. I'jo. Ccoig febtb y or Caed, a Hundred. ^00. Oychead. 1000. Meelah. lo:_.ct;oo. Meelioon, 40. 41. 4.^ 4«i m^ J ''■'I: .•/.•.i/,77T My Knowledge of die High-Land Lnnguage Pronu!!- j)r;c;e rne tiie more capable of learning the Dmcn *'''"'*''^'" . . LuL.ini Liir.jruaore, wlien I was among them. For with tnerc 13 fome Alhnity, not m the Signihcat on ot ihcus tut" Woids of each Language, but in the Pronun- ( i.;Lion, which I could eafily imitate i both being tpoken pretty much in the Throat, with frequent Alpirates, and much the fame fliarp or circumflex V.uio; or Cant, I learned a great deal of the D^?"- f-> f. afiguag-^ in a Month's Converfation with therr. , cf the Ifthmus of America. ♦or 1 was always asking what they call this and that : And Lacenta was continually talking with mc i who ipake alio a few Words of broken Spaniftj. I took no Care to retain any of the Indians Language ; LHii Ibmc few Words that I (till remember, 1 have h;rc put as a Specimen. ^(lulah^ Father. h'dunah^ Mother. Pmuih^ Woman. Roopah^ Brother. h\kma foqiiab RoojrJj '< How do you Brother ? %:niah^ a Girl. i\vf, the Moon. Chiimuih, Go. \th.mnah IVeemacah 'y Makehafte, run. ^miorung i big, a great Thing. Et'chd\ ugly. Fddia^ foh ! ugly ! \bchab Mahoquahy (an Exprcflion of great Diflikc. j ICitichaht Sleep. kiiupah, a Hammock. \Cotcbah Caupah ? Will you go fleep in the Ham- mock ? \h poonah eetah Coupah ? Woman have you gor I the Hammock ? wdah^ Water. \Mah Copah? Will you drink Water ? \Oncba-Copahy Maiz-Drink. MatMuhah, Fine. \Ctih, Pepper. \dupah eenah ? What do you call this ? 377 Indian Vords. {■.•viri»«:r<-. : ^ >'., i ■ . '' m '■■n m ' 1 I ' ' I'M V 't' 37« Mr.WAlcE R'x ^er^^/x, 5cc. «SkKpffl»AiA cKriti ^^/r. WaferV, Vo;jages^ &c. Isi^i ■.■k^ 'I'r 5iU I '4 I, f\ ^■^'- mm-'.i I ESf i; if-^ « 3 So Mr. WAFER'j" Voy^eSy &c. ter having h;/ this Means no Channel wherrby to flow along, as in a Brook or Rivrr, it overflov., t^: Verge of its Bafon in fcveral Places, and runs trick- ling down in m.iny pretty Streams. In fomrtPlac^ of its overfiowing, tiie rocky Sides of the Hill bcin.r more than perpendicular, and hanging over rn»; /krcbjd Plain beneath, the Water pours down in aCatnract, Cjtardcli jis out of a Bucket, fo as to leave a Space dry und'r the Spout, and form a kind of Arch of Wai-ir-, whirh together with the Advantage of the Profpcct, the near arljoining Coco-nut Trees, and the frdV nefs which the Falling Water gives the Air in this hot Clitnate, makes it a very charming Place, and d;- lif^htful to feveral of the Senfes at once. Our Men were very much pleas'd with the En- tertainment this Uland afforded them : And they al- fo fill'd here all their Water-Casks •, for herf \%n- cfJlent freOi Water in the Rivulet, which thi^fc little .Cataracts form below in the Plain, and the Ship Uy iiifr. at its Outlet into the Sea, where there was vf:ry good Hiding: So L!?at 'tis as commodious a Wattr- Vig-pl-ice as any I have met with. Nor did we fparc the Coco-nuts, eating whatw: would, and drinking the Milk, and carrying feveral Plundreds of them on board. Some or other or our Men went afhore every Day : And one Pay a- rnong the reft, being minded to make themfelvej very merry, they went afhore and cat dov/n a great many Coco-trees •, from whicii they gather'd the Fri:ir, and drew about 20 Gallons of the Mil;;. Then they ail fat down and drank Mealths to the King, and Queen, i^c. They drank an excefTive Quantity, yet it did not end in Drunkenneis: But N'jrnbcd' however, that Sort of Liquor had fo chilled aud oev j.'jiswit.i riumb'd thtir Nerves, that they could neither go I ^'olo-^''^ nor Itand: Nor could they return onboard the! S.iip, without the Help of thofe who had not Ixta! I'ii:-'- n.K. ir \>u , •* ia>' Mr. W A F E R J Voyages, .Sec. 3 % pirtakers in the Frolick : Nor did they recover it ;„r,cier 4 or 5 D'lys Time. [ roin hence we flood on ftill to the South, and f q^h^ lame to one of the Gj/A^/^rty/y-IQiinds, Jyint^ under ;«.;<>;. [le Line. Upon one of thefe Iflands we found aL,p,jTor- Lrcat many very hr^^e Land-Tortoife, of tfiat Sorttoilc.o-c. v/iiich we us'd to call Hecate. Upon this Ifland i.s :o Water to be found, but in one Phite, whither lobfcrv'd thefc Animals frequently go to drink ^ r/jc they 1^0 not into the Water. At this Ifland there was but one Watering phice. Lid there we carcen'd our Ship. Hither many 1 ur- t^Dovcs and other Birds reforted for Water i [which were at firfl fo familiar with us, that they would light upon our Heads and Arms ; ii)Iomuc}\ Itiiatfor fevcral Days we maintained theShip'.^ C(mti- Iwny with them : But in a little lime they be<^an to Ikfo (hy, that we could kill none but what wc fhot. iHcn are alfo Guanoes very plentiful, v/hieh are very cuano':. Igood Food. Iherc grows a Sort of Wood in ihi.'i llile very fwect in ImeJl. 'Tis but a low '[>re, not Iferabhy, but like a Pear-tree, tho' tliicker •, and of very fwect Gum. While we lay iiere at the iGi'^'^^oVs, we took in at one of the Ifland> tliere :j JPacks of J'h)wer, wliich v/e had formerly left berc upon the Rocks ; but the Turtle-Doves had piryj^r^j. poured a great deal of the Mower, for the Bags kit thac lyexpos'd to the Air. When we left the Gallapap's we went cruifing upcr'^ifir.g fcd down about feveral of the Iflands and Coaits ot f'j' tr,-.- fru; the Particulars of which I fliall not trouble ^;^^^^;^ ^' W Reader w; . We had Engagements at Gi^vra^ ku2cha, and Pifca -, and the two lalt very fharp ones, lyetwetook the I'owns. There was with us then in ICompany Captain Knviht only ; for the other two f'elTds that came with us from /Imapallu, had k-k |i!5 at the Ifland Co^&j. 'Iwasy///) i036. when we were :■ ii t i hi ' 'I' ! ',: III ,'i.tV m ;n |!;iMiiti* ■i- 7ii l/jf l/f ■■ ■'; f ■■I 1 i ; 1 ; 4 1 i I 3 S2 -A/r. WAFER'/ VoyageSy &c. were at P^'^z, and Capt. Knight and wc kept Com- pany almoft all that Year. Among other Places we were at the Ifland Gom^ nia, where wc cleaned ; anc I took notice of feve< Monkeys and Oy- flers at Qorgonia. "Wme. ral Monkeys there who lived partly upon Oyftcr*, which they got out of the Sea at low Water. Their way was to take up an Oyftcr, and lay it uponi a Stone, and with another Stone to keep beating '\ of it till they had broke the Shell in pieces. ; We were toget' er alfo at La Nafca^ which isaj fmall Port, in the Lat. of 158. It affords Abun-; dance of rich ftrong Wine, fas Pifca and other Via- [ ces on that Coaft alfo do) tailed much like that of) Madera. 'Tis brought down out of the Country! to this Port, to be ftiipt for Limay PanamUy or oj ther Places. It lies here fometimes many Yearsj ftopt up in Jars of about eight Gallons apiece : Bud the Jars are under no Shelter, but ftand cxpos'd tc the hot fcorching Sun ; being plac'd along theBay,| and between the Rocks, every Merchant havtag his own mark*d. We took in Store of this Wine. Coquimbo. We were alfo together at Coquimboy a large Town with nine Churches in it, lying in about 2c S. Lat. Here we landed upon a deep Sand, in large Bay, which had a fmall River that ran througli the Country, and made its way out 3 Mile belov the Town. In this River the Spaniards get Golc higher up in the Country ; and the Sands of the Ri- ver by the Sea, as the whole Bay, are all befpangi led with Particles of Gold i infomuch that as travelled along the Sandy Bays, our People wer covered with a fine Gold Duft ; but too fine fo any thing elfe ; for it would be an endlefs Work M pick it up. This Obfervation I have made infomt other Places along the Coaft, where any of thefd Gold Rivers make their way into the Sea througlf Sandy Bays ; for there the Sand is in a manner giloj cd by them : But all that is worth looking after " Its Gold River. !• >.' m » ■ I .1 |*i^i. Mr. WAFER'j Voyages, 6cc. 33 j np near the River's Head, or towards the Mountains they fall from, where the weightier Grains lodge \ for none but this mccr Dull of it is walh'd down to the Sea. We went after this to the Ifland of John Fernan-\^j^t,y, k, where wecareen'd; and there Captain Knight FernanJf. left us, making the bed of his way round ^erra del Fuego to the Weft-Indies, But we were for coafting it back again toward the Line : having with us a Bark we had taken off Pifca. Going off therefore from John Fernanda's we flood yet further South in going over to the Conci- tment, to the Latitude of 39 S. as well to gain a Wind as to have the more of the Coaft before us. We fell in firft with the Ifland of Mocha, which Iksl.Mocba, in about 38 Dcg. 20 Min. S. and wanting Water and Provifion we came to an Anchor, and put a- Ihorc there, about the Middle of December, 1686. and ftay*d 5 or 6 Days. Here we were very well relieved, for the Ifland afforded both Water and frefh Provifion for our Men, all the Time we ftay'd. The Land is very low and flat, and upon the Sea- coaft fandy -, but the middle Ground is good Mould, and produces Marz and other Wheat, Barley, with Variety of Fruits, (ffc. Here were feveral Houfes I belonging to the Spanijh Indians, which were very well ftor*d with Dunghil-Fowl. They have here al- I fo feveral Horfes : But that which is moft worthy of Note, is a Sort of Sheep they have, which the In- Its Sheep," habitants call Corner a de 'Terra. This Creature is about 4 Foot and an half high at the Back, and a very (lately Bcafl:. Thefe Sheep are fo tame, that we frequently ufed to bridle one of them, upon whofe Back two of the lufl:ieft Men would ride at once round the Ifland, to drive the refl: to the Fold. His ordinary Pace is either an Amble or a good Hand-gallop ; nor does he care for going any other lE'ace, during the Time his Rider is upoa his Back. His m \ , I I 1.3 M? in- ^w i ' w • ) I w i i. f 1 1 ' 1 : f J 384. -Mr. WAFERV Fojfages^ &c. His Mouth is like that of a Hare; and the Hair-iir) above opens as well as the Main-lips, when he bitis tiie Grals, which he does very near. His Heiid is much like an Antelope^ but they had no Horns when we were there; yet we found very laroe Horns, much twilled, in the Form of a Snail-flieS, which we fuppos'd they had Ihed : They lay many of them fcattering upon the fandy Bays. 1 lis Ears refemble thofe of an Afs, his Neck fmall, and le- fembling a Cammels. He carries his Head bend- ing, and very (lately, like a Swan ; is full-cheihd like a Horfe, and has his Loyns much Hke a weil- Ihap'd Grey-hound. His Buttocks refembk" thole of a full-grown Deer, and he has much fuch a Tail. He is Cloven-footed like a Sheep, but on the In- iide of each Foot has a large Claw, bigger than ones Finger, but fharp, and refenibling thole ot an Eagle. Thefe Claws (land about 2 Inches above the Divifion of the Hoof; and they ferve him in climbing Rocks, holding fail by whatever they bear againfl. His Flcfh eats as like Mutton as can be : He bears Wool of 12 or 14 Inches long upon the Belly ; but 'tis fliorter on the Back, Ihuggy, and but inclining to a Curl. *Tis an innocent and I very ferviceable Bead, fit for any Drudgery. Ot thefe we kilPd 43 ; out of the Maw of one of | which I took 13 Bezoar-^ontSy of which feme were ragged and of feveral Forms; fome long, releni-i bling Coral ; fome round, and fome oval, bat all| green v/hen taken out of the Maw: Yet by longj keeping they turn'd of an Afli-colour ; and I havej fome of them now by me. The Spaniards told us, that thefe Creatures are I extraordinarily ferviceable to them at the Mines of Potoji, Twhich lie a great way up in the Country) in bringing the Silver from thence to the Cities tliat lie toward the Sea ; between which Cities and theMines| are fach cragged Ways and dangerous Precipice duti Mf. WAFERV yoyages, &:c. 385 that it were almoft impolTible for any Man, or any other Bead to carry it. But thele Sheep bting la- den, and led to the Precipices, their iVI after leaves jthem there to themfelves for above 16 Leagues, jnd never meets them till he himfelf has alfo fetch'd aCompafs about S7 Leagues round. This their Surenefs of Foot confifts folely in their aforefaid Claws, by which they hold themfelves fo faft upon Ithe leaft Footing, that they can go where no other IBeaftcan. The Spaniards alfo inform'd us, that at la City they named, which has no Water within a ILeague of it, thefe Beafts, being bred up to it, Iwere wont to be laden with two Jars, like Panniers, lupon their Backs, and away they would go, with- loiic Guide or Driver ; and when they came to the IRiver, would lye down and rowl themfelves in the IWarer until both the Jars were full, and then of [tlieir own Accord, would return home with their /ater. The Spaniards added, that this Creature ffill not nor can be forc*d to work after Day-light : |And we found them obftinate enough i for when once lain down, no Beating (hould make them rife ; but they would lie and make a whining or groaning, bugh they were not tir'd, being but newly ta« Ken up. We went from Mocha to the Continent, and kept ailing and touching along the Coaft of Chili^ often |fending ourCanoas alhore, till we came to Copaya-R.o(Cd. '5, in the Lat. of about 26 S. We wanted Water, f'»3"»/'<'. nd fo got alhore to fee if we could find the River fct bears the Name of the River of Copayapo, As foon as^we came alhore we afcended a Hill, in hopes to defcry that River from the Top thereof ; but contrary to our Expedation, when we came to fc Top, we had yet another fteep and very high H to climb, and another after that i infomuch tiatbefore we reach'd the utmoft Heighth, I fainted for want of Water : But refrefhing my felf with that Vol. IIL Cc of Si llf I 'i ): •' ^ 3 ii ■ ;,• R I M ,1 ■' ! !■ m ;.-■; ri U- ii! ■' ■ It • if m "•■.fsma^'tff*'/ 3 8 <5 il/r. W A F E R V Voyages, 5cc. of my own, 1 at laft came to the Top of the third I Mountain, where we fat down and relied our fdves J^ca Hiells under the Shade of a vail craggy Kock. The Phice t'opsof ^•'J^^''*^ ^'^ ^'^^ was cover'd with Sand ana Sea Gk'H.^ uf j4,;f,^ divers Shapes and Forms \ tho* indeed, which ij No^hcll- wonder'dar, there were no Shell-filh on theShoicsl fiilion thcal! along this whole Coaft. I have landed at m;inj "*'^' Places of it, but coidd never find any. Whaiwei had rented our felves in this Plate, which was near as we could compute 8 Miles from the Sea, and at leall a Mile in perpendicular above it, we looked round us to fee for the River ; but to our greai Cjricf could difcover none. All this Land, as well high as low Groimd, is cover'd with Sand and ScaJ fliells, many of which are of the Shape of a Sdj Jop-lhcll i and thefe in vail Quantities, in W Pl.ices, efpecially at the Feet of the Rocks, hon whciice they are crumbled and driven down by ihj ^Vinds : For in the very Mafs of the Stones Rocks rhei-e were, as I remember, of the very far Sorts of Shells. We were told by the Spamarkl that at one Time of the Year, the Sun melting thj Snow that lies upon the Top of Mountains that an a great way up in the Country, makes the Rive that we looked for overflow. It may as well pof bly be from Rains falling on thefe Mountains fa| within Land ; for I never knew it rain on all til Sea-Coaft of Chili and Peru \ but we could f(j Clouds hovering over the Tops of .the Mountaii| within Land, as we fail*d along the Coall : Ar once at Arica we could not fee the Mountain's peelj ed Top for Clouds that hung about it ; thoughj another Time we law it plain enough ; the KaiS then probably, being gone olf from the Hill-Couj try : But as for Arica it felf and its ncighbouriir Sea-Coaft, we were told by old Spaniards. Inhab tants there, that they never had any Rain. I haj alio been at one Time of the Year alliore :u "I Kivl No Rain on the Coalt. Mr. WAFER'j Voyages, &c. 387 Kiver of Tlo^ but could find little or no Water : Yet at another Time of the Year there v*'as Water enough ; although I never knew of any Rain on that Coad, and the Spaniards told us, it never rain'd there, unlefs far within Land : Yet they have very great Dev/s. At Copasapo the Coaft is barren Barrpn and dcjolate, and fo on each Side all along both Che- Land. /iand Peru •, nothing is to be fccn but bare Sands, and naked Rocks, unlefs in a Valley now and then : No Trees, Herbs, or other green Thing. Nor jdid we fee any Sore of Fowl, nor Bead or other li- jving Creature : No People, nor fign of any ; un- lefs here and there a poor Town or VilLige, at as jforrya Port, with fcarce Water enough, at moll of them, to admit a Cock-boat, unlefs at a Flood: Elfe little or no Water, nor any Thing for Accom- Imodarion or Ufe. Getting no Water at Copajapo, we were forc'd [to put to Sea again, and flood along the Coaft to yl- ]rk(i, which is a Town of Ptru, handfomely feated Arfca^ in the bending of that Coafl, in the Lat. of between lit-M^irt 18 and 19 S. Hither the Silver of Potoft is brought ^^i['l^[\,i down to be fliipt off for Pafinma, for the Harbour totoi'i. is tolerably good, having a Road made with a little Ifland lying before it, breaking the Swell of the Sea, which is here very great and continually rowling in upon the Shore, though fmooth as the Surface of a River, here being little or no Wind to curl the Waves. It daflies fo violent againft the Shore, -pi^g ^„, which is all alono; a hip-h bold Coafl, though no- des. thing fo high as the Mountains far within i..and, that there is fcarce any Landing iiereabouts but jult ht/fnV:/ it felf. There is a little River which Arica ftands upon, and we would have taken in Water there •, but there was no getting at any frelli, for its Outlet was among little craggy Rocks, and the Sea-water dafh*d in among it. We landed here, and ranfack'd the Place, meetincT with little or no Rt- C c 2 fiilance •, t; 1 M 1 i i 'M'lvi?^ j 1 ; '' II'' Til ,'!■ .1 ! -.(' I I . 1 M A I f ,'!■ I< M. ; . 388 Mr, WAFERS Voyages^ &c. fiftancc -, we got a few Hogs and Poultry, Su»arl and Wine ; and faw a whole Houfe full of ffjA its Bark, as I have faid already. I was here all fo formerly with Captain Sharps when we had fo fmart an Engagement that we loft a great Number of our Men j and every one of our Surgeons wa kill'd befide my felf, who was then left to guard the Canoas. R. rlo : We went hence a little further to Leeward, and water'd at the River 27o, where we got Oij-Olivej Figs, and Sugar, with feveral Fruits ; all which grow there very plentiful. There is an Oil-work] and 2 or 3 Sugar-works. There are extraordinary good Oranges, of the Chi/ia Sort. 'Tis the hned /fine Valley I have fcen on all the Coaft of Peru ; verv Valley, fertile and well furnilli'd with a Multitude of Vegel tables : Though it has no Moifture but that of th( little River, (which they carry winding up and down among their Grounds in artificial Channels) and the great Dew which falls every Night. 11 Valley is the pleafanter, and fo are all thofeofP^ ru and Chili^ for the difmal barren Mountains tha lies all about, and ferve as a Foil to them : The< are moftly fandy or black Rocks, like Cinders Iron-ftones for Colour. In failing along upon this Coaft we were fome times put to it for Food as well as Water; anj once were fo Hunger-pinch'd, that meeting wit| fome Sea-crabs on the Coaft, one of our Mej Mr. SmaUboneSy eat them raw, and even Sea-weed^ Buc others of us, whofe Stomachs would not fen for that Food, looking about found a lean galll Horfe graifing in a little Spot at the Foot of til Hill ; which we prefently killed, cut in pieces, aij making a Fire with Sea-weeds, eat the Flelh wbj *twas hardly warm, leaving none, bat carrying very Quts aboard. Ilha Mr. WAFERV Voyages, Sec, 389 I ihall not purfue all my Coafting along this Shore Iwith Captain Davis •, but two Particulars more I muft not omit : The one is, that we put aOiore at ^(•rwf/^, in 10 Deg. S. Lat. There we landed a- bout 30 Men fof whom I was onej to fee for Wa- ter, or any other Refrefhment that we wanted. Vermejo, After we were landed, we marched about 4 Miles lup a fandy Bay \ all which we found covered with jthe Bodies of Men, Women and Children ; which llay fo thick, that a Man might if he would, have walked half a Mile, and never trod a Step off a Dead Bo- dead human Body. Thefe Bodies to Appearance, ^'">n feem'das if they had not been above a Week dead jfjjj^ugrs but if you handled them, they proved as dry and light as a Spunge or piece of Cork. After we had been fome Time afliore wc efpyed a Smoak •, and Imaking up to it, /ound an old Man, a Spanijh In- p«, who was ranging along the Sea-fide, to find Ifome dried Sea-weeds, to drefs fome Fifh which his ICompany had oaught ; for he belonged to a Fifh- ing Boat hard by. We asked him many Queftions, m^anifh^ about the Place, and how thofe dead Bo- Idics came there ? To which he returned for anfwer, Itbc in his Father's Time the Soil there, which now lyidded nothing, was green, well cultivated and Ifrditful : That the City of Wormia had been well jinhabited with Indians: And that they were fo nu- Imerous, that they could have handed a Fifh, from [Hand to Hand, 20 Leagues from the Sea, until ic Iliad come to the King or Tanca's Hand : That the [River was very deep, and the Current ftrong : And |tk the Reafon of thofe dead Bodies was, tliat vhen the Spaniards came, and block'd up and |aid Siege to the City, the Indians rather than lie (at the Spaniards Mercy, dug Holes in the Sand, land buried themfelves alive. The Men as rhey [now lie, have with them their broken Bows j and Cc 3 the it h ii n .■•I f^ t ' \"' i' \h jflii I 'fi\ i ■i^« 390 Mr. WAlEK's Voyages, &c. the Women their Spinning-wheels, and DiOaFj with Cotron-y:irn upon them. Of thefe ckaJ Bu- diis I broii[^lit on Board a Boy of about (j (jr loi Years of Age, with an Intent to bring him homej for Kn^'avd : But was fiuftrated of my Purpokbyl the Sailors ; who having a foolifli Conceit, tharthj Conipafs would not tiaverfe aright, fo long as a. ny dead Body was on Board, threw him ovcr-boardj to my great Vexation. | Tins L^laceis a deep fandy Ground, oflictlc Hills and Valleys of Sand. *Tis like the reft of this pare of Peru J without Rain ; but it has Dev/s, amhlKi was the Channel of a fmall River j yet 'twas drj when wc were there. The other Particular I would fpeak of, is of ou ianta. touching at a Place called Santa^ a fmall Town the Lat. of 8 D -g. 40 Min. S. Here I went afliOre, and fo up to the Town, which was 3 Miles or there abouts from the Sea. In our way to the Townv/i crofs'd a fmall Hill j and in a Valley between tb Ships caft Ilill and the Town we faw 3 fmall Ships of aboui farafhore 60 or 100 Tuns a-piece lodg u '■here, and very mi nous. It ^aufed in us great Admiration, and wi were puzzled to think how thoft Ships could comi there: But proceeding toward the Town, we la an Indian^ wliom we called, and he at thefirilM t:on came to us. We asked him feveral QiielHoni and among the reft, how thofe Ships came there He told us, that about 9 Years before, th-lc j Ships were riding at Anchor in the Bay, which an open Place about 5 or 6 L-eagues from Point tj j-^oint i and that an P'.arthquake came, aikl carrier the Water out of S'ght •, which Hay cd away i Hours, and then came in again, tumbling ani rowling with fuch Violence, that it carried the Ships over the Town, which then flood on thi PIi Vr'iich we came over, and lodged them there; -' by an Farth- 9^ Afr. WAFER'x Voyages, &c. in this Latitude, and ftill finding no Land, which they had exped:ed to have fcen in loo, this bred a frelh Commotion, and we had like to have been al- together by the Ears upon it. The greateit pare were for changing their Courfe, which they thought Deliver- muft needs be wrong : But Captain Davis, and ance from Mr. Knott the Mafter, begg'd of them fpr God's *f^^"1h- ^^^^ ^° ^^^P *"^^ ^^^^ Courfe two Days longer, Sjg'atSea.'w^ich they did, though we had but a fmall Wind: And in that Time a Flight of Locufts and other Infeds coming off with a Flurry of Wind from the Weft, alTur'd us there was Land there, not far off., Had not this providentially hapned, we Ihould have chang'd our Courfe, for the Men would not be per- fwaded to the contrary -, for a great many of them were fo ignorant, that they would not be pcrfwa- ded but that they were in the South Sea : And had we chang*d this Courfe, we fhould have ftood out to Sea again, and muft have perifh'd there. Coaftby The Land we made, following the Direction ot the R. of the Flurry and the Locufts, and fetting the Point Plate, j-j^gy come from by the Compafs, was a little to the North of the Mouth of the River of Plate. We put aftiore here to get Water and frefti Provirion, of which this Country afforded Plenty : And here our Men having with them their Fufees, fpy'd a fwinc.Herd of Sea-Swine, as we call them, upon a Poim of Land *, and were thereupon refolvcd tokillfome of them to bring on board. In order thereunto they contrived, that fome Men fhould ftop the Pals that led up to the Mountain, whilft others went in among them, and with their Cuthffes did what Execution they could. But ftill as the Men cn'vie near them, the Kerd walked toward the Sea, contrary to our Mens Expedation ; for they hither- to took them to be Land-Swine. There they ftood on the Shore, ftaring at and admiring our People : But when the Men came near enough, and were juft 1:^ \( m ^4%4 397 il/r. W A F E R V VoyageSy &c: juft going to ftrike among them, the whole Herd jump'd into the Sea, leaving the Men in Amaze- ment, and forely vcx'd at their Difappoincment. But at another Time they fliot and brought on Board two of them which eat like Land-pork, ex- cept fome fifliy Tafte it had. They were Ihap'd much like Swine, and had fhort Hair more briftly than that of Seals ; and like them had finny Stumps to fwim with, and were of a black Colour. The Country hereabouts is well water'd, but without any Inhabitants. Here is notwithftanding Abun- dance of black Cattle, of which for feveral Scores of Leagues we obferv'd many Herds j with Deer alfo and Eftridges. We faw a great many of thefe Eftridges, and EfirUgt$, found Abundance of their Eggs on the Sand : For there Ihe drops her Eggs upon the Ground, and 'tis faid Ihe never takes any farther Care of them ; but that they are hatched by the Sun, and the young one fo foon as hatched follows the firft Crea- ture it meets with. 1 my felf had fometimes a great many young Eftridges following me. They are a fooiidi Bird ; and will follow a Deer or my Crea- ture. The old Birds arc here very large : I mea- fur'd the Thigh of one of them, and thought it little lefs than my own. We have had feveral of them on Board, and fome we eat •, but the old ones were very rank, coarfe Food. Some fancy that the Eftridge eats Iron : I believe juft as truly as Poultry eat'l'ebble Stones, not as Food, but for Digeftion, and to ferve as Mill-ftones, or Grinders, to macerate their Food in the Maw. The Eftridge will indeed fwallow Nails or Stones, or any thing you throw to it ; but they pafs through the Body as whole as they went in. Putting off to Sea again, we coafted along Brafily Br^fiL and thence toward the Caribbee-ldands •, where meeting with one Mr. Edwin Carter, in a Ba^ba- does f , ■ 1 398 The A. arrives in Penjilva- nia ; and Vir- ginia. Conclu- lion. Mr. W A F E R V Voyages, &c. hes Sloop, I and fome others went aboard him and had of him the News of King James % Procla- mation to pardon and call in the Buccanniers. So we went in his Ship to the River cie la iVare^ and up into Pelfilvanli, to the City of Philadelphia ; where I arriv'din Ma^, 1688. There I flayed fome Time ; after which I came down the River de la Ware, as far as A okunnwnf creek, with Capt. Davis and John Hinifon, who was left with me on the Ifthmus : There we carted our Chefts, with other Goods, over a fmall Neck of Land into Bohemia River, which leads down the great Bay of Chifapcck to Vo\nt-Comfort in Jamn- River in Virginia. There I thought to fettle : But meeting with fome Troubles, after a 3 Years Re- fidence there, I came home for England in the Year, 1690. An i' .f L«s;M£S4 The Natural Hiftory b^^ tSSSS WOiji An Additional Account of feveral Bcalls, Birds, Fifhcs, Reptiles, (^c. and particular- ly many Trees, Shrubs, and Herbs, isjith their Names, Ufc, Vertues, ii^c as has been obfervd in thofe Parts, Con municatvd by a Member of the Royal Society. CHAP, I. Of the B EAS TS. I. HP H E great Armadillo, Thefe live chiefly A under Ground in watry Places ; they taC RMils, dead Birds, &c. 2. The leffer Armadillo, This is excellent Meat. 3. Round-headed Armadillo. This diOers from the two lail, in having but four Lifts round his Bo- dv, the others have as many more. 4. Great Ant-Bear. His Food is Plfmires, which he fucks in with a long Chameleon-like Tongue. 5. Small ^/it-Bear, About the Bignefs of a Ra- (m^ he fleeps all Day, with his Head between his Fore-Legs : His Plefli fm^^lls Hke a Fox. 6. The Musk-Boar. He has fhort Ears, and no Tail, eats like our Hogs, but is not fo fat. 7. The Bofchratte. A long flender Animal with a Woolf-like Head, its Hair fliines, is white tipC with black •, they live on Fowl. ^. Wild-Cats. Here are of them of divers Colours ; tiiey live on Fowl which they greedily devour, af- ter 399 i t ' i' It II'' : . ' m *. I i t; i 1. '! ! "' ' I If, ,' » H l#:^'k- '. I if' ■{ r I 'i: J «■ 400 of tPjefe Tarts, ter dripping them of their Feathers •, they are not to be tamed. 9. The Goat. Whilft a Month or two old, they are finely ipotted with white, which wears out as they grow older. 10. The Monkey Hare. He is covered with brown Brillles, and feeds fitting Hke a Squirrel, is a very fwift voracious Animal. 11. The Ekphant Hog. Has a long flit Snout, which he extends or contrads at Pleal'ure : He is an excellent Swimmer, 12. The River-Hog. Feeds on Grafs and divers Fruits, can fwim and dive well ; they make a hideous Noife in the Night, braying like an Afs. 13. The Black Monkey. Is as big as a fVoolf^ a a fnappifh Animal, and not eafily tamed. 14. Satyr Monkeys. Are bigger than the laft, and black like them, with very long Beards ; thefe are very leacherous, and often fall foul on the Ne^ro Women. 15. The Shrew Moufe. Thefe are brown, with three black Lifts along the Back, the Cats and they are very friendly. 16. The Otter. Is black all but the Head, which is brown, and a particular yellow Spot on his Throat. 17. The great Pongie. Is of an Afli Colour, with a Mixture of black, their Tails are brown, and near a Foot and half long. 18. The leffer Pongie. Is a very fmall Ape, in length not above fix Inches, but his Tail ten, his Head no bigger than a fmall Apple, has a fharp Voice, and leaps nimbly *, they are very tender, and cannot endure cold. 19. The Porcupine. Climbs Trees flowly, and in coming down frequently holds by the Tail (for he cannot leapj to prevent falling \ they are very good Meat, efpecially roafted. 20. The 'I .,;.,: I;-; iMk. of theje Tarts, 10. The Pojfum. Is a (Irange Animal, and faid |to breed its Young at its Paps •, it having a double lUeliy or Pouch, whofe Orifice may be ftretched a- \m two Inches wide ; it climbs Trees and catches n. The Rackoon. Runs from Tree to Tree and ats its Fruit i they love alio the Flefli of Sheep and 11. The Black Rackoon. Their Hair very Ihort, ^ough and knotted. 2j. The Collar d Rabbit. This is bigger than the long Nofed, and is diftinguifli'd from the Common Dy a white Ring about its Neck. 24. The Hog Rabbit. Is grofs and fat, with Hair liorr, hard, and dark, fpotted on the Edges with grey. 25. The Long-nofed Rabbit. Has fhort round Ears and a long Snout, lives and cats like ours. 26. The Spotted Rabbit. Thefe have round Ears, Ifith white, black, and reddifh Spots : When tame bey grunt for their Food. 27. The Sloath. Is a very flow-paced Animal, ta- ing a whole Day in going fifty Paces : he is about lie Bignels of a middling Fox \ living on Trees, ating the Leaves, but never oi'inks. 28. The ftrip*d Squirrel. Is a pretty tame Crea- ore, of a pale yellow, mixt with brown, having a ffliite Lift on each Side. 29. Tygers. Here are of two or three kinds, all [cry fierce -, but their Flefli good Meat, 401 ill i» i»i I 'f ., !iiiir i\>' Vol. III. Dd CHAP. •^ '^' * qp fi I. I r ; I , i 1 1 ''ill ,V f I I f ■•■"»• ■- J ;. si'f f ; ;i. 1/ r !! I r 1 40 i 77?^ Natural Hi Jiory C H A P. II. Of the Bird s. I. '"pIIE Ihnich-hack. A Water Fowl, wir!,. A Diick's-bill, its //rvzr/ black, Bdl^ \vi,k; ^tic/v* brown. 2. The Si^oofi-BUL Its Back and Wing^. I-lili cc loured, the refl white ; is good Meat. 3. I'he greater Bill-Bird, or '■Tuucav. Its Bit-?.[ bright Gold, the Belly or Thighs red. Tail h\y\ ti{-)t v/ith red. 4. I'he lell^r Bill-BlnJ. The Body and Brcil moftly yellow, witli a red Circle crofs the lall. 5. The Cbrijlmas-Binl. Is aim oil as bi^ r^ P'ulgeo}!, it has about the Hiroat nrany Inch-luni black Watles ; it ne\'er cries but in Bccmkr snl Beginning of Januar\^ but then may k hc.id great way off. 6: The Khig-Binl An elegant Sort of Bh-^ Paradif". 7. The Mi'ftacho-Bh'd. He has on each Side c,;^ or ten thick Bridles landing both forwards :in:! lid ways ', the Tail eight Inches, the two outHdc 1 c thers longer than the red'. 8. The (Jnicor/i- Bird. Has a Horn on his He above two Inches long, which is laid to be a grc Coiinter-poifon. The Female bigger than a Sua and the Male twice that Bignefs. 9. The Telhiv-BmajK About the Bigneis of S;'arroiv., partly yellow and Steel-blue ; th'lc kept in Cages, and love to be Pve or fix togedr: 10. The Grccu-Cap. Is of the Cbaiiirl^ ^1 partly yellow and Steel-blue, but when ittiu-^ ^'^ p^ars flreakt with black and yellow. ii. r )S)^®3)^£®^ v^atcr Fowl, wir; black, Bnij \vi,i[J he Body ;ind Brcalj Ic crofs the la ft. almoll as biii; r, roLit many lnch-!on| but in Brccwk'- \\\ hen may be heard | !:ant Sort of BlrJ a Horn on his Hc| h is fait! to be a grcj biirsicr tiian a 'nvaf of thefe "Parts. 1 1 . The Chalflnch. Has a Mixture of Afli-colour and Sea-green ; which hilt in the Backs and Win^s jhines vvontk'rf\illy in the Sun. 12. The Cbatt. Has a black Tail with white I'i ps I ^ The Curlew. His Head and Neck fprinkltd with white, the rell brown. It's pretty good Meat. 14. The greater Curlew. Is about the Bigncfs of iiG''C|/C', moltly black. Il*s good Meat roal'ced. 15. The liHer Curle-iu. Is no bigger than a Hen, found with the laft about Rivers. 16. The Scarlet Curlew. Is both a Land and Water-Fowl ; and feeds as well on Flei]i as Fiili. 17. The SWk-Dher. From the Softnefs of its FcLirhers, its Neck a I^'oot long, and very fiendcr. 18. The Black-tufted Duck. The Shoulders of the Wings white, the reft black, with a fliining green Glofs : They are good Meat. Thefe fettle on \w}\ Trees. 10. The black-lec»;ji;'d -0//^-^. The red-legg'd Duck. The Feet of thefe \o. when roafted dye both Hands and Linnen red. T T The crefted Eaqje. His Cry is like a Flen that has loft its young. 22. Tile Pied- tail i^^7^M Its Tail nine Inches long ; the fix firft are white and the Tip, the relt black. 2^ The BiiU-pKh. Head and Neck of a bloody red, the Tail black, and three Inches long. 24. The Sle:'l-jinch. His Feathers black, with a liiining Glofs like poliflit Steel -.v The Tellozviimh. His Wings and Tail of a greenifli yellow mixt with brown, the reft all yellow. 26. The RufTet Kiw^s Fijher. Is known by a white Ring about his Neck. 27. The Gip. From its Note, of a J.arl\ Size ; it's variegated With red, brown, and white. 40} Dd 2 2S. The ! • 1 !:l :m 3 1 ii. v,n;- 404. The Natural Hi/lory 2^. The Hook-hill\l Goofe. Is nioflly black and white, with a licw of green ; it*s very common a. bout Rivers. 29. The TelloW'hammcr. Is of the Lark's Size mollly yellow and black, except Tail and Wines' which are brownilh ftreakt with green. 30. T\\t Black-lhad. Its Breall and Belly of a Mixture of white and yellow ftreakt with black Lines. 31. The Blue-headed IVater-hen, A beautitii! Bird, about the Bignefsof a Pidgeon, its Fcaihirs green and black •, they arc very common in moor- ilh Places. 32. The Hnrfhwing*d IFater-hen. Like the lait in Shape and Bignefs, but rtiort in Colour j it hadi on the Infide of each Wing a ftreight Horn or Spur for its Defence. 33. The Black Horn-win^ d IVatcr-Ilen, Like the lall, but moftly black, the reft green and brown, the Horns are yellow. 34. The Red-he. 'ded Hvrn'Wifjg'd JVakr-Uo:. its Bill yellow and Spurs Saffron-coloured. 35. The Crejled-Heron, Is moftly grey and V, hi:e, from its Creft hang two black Feathers each five Inches and a half long. The Meat is good. 36. 'I'he Notch-bill Heron, The Quill Featiiers| :;re half black and green tipt with white. 37. The Pidgeon Heron. From its Bignefs, thc| Body being fcarce 4 and the Neck 7 Inches long. 38. The White Heron. Its whole Body Milk- white. 39. The White-Heron, with a Saffron-bill. His I Neck near one Foot and half long, and Bill 5 Inches. 40. The Tellow-Speckled Heron. The Back and| Wings arc black, fpeckled with yellow. 41. Short-biW^d Humming-Bird. Like Numb. 45. but more beautiful i near the Vent is a large Spot! of pure white, ; ^ 42, Thcl of thefe Tarts, 42. The Gre^ HummUig-Binl Is of an Afli co- lour, with here and there a Mixture of fhining red. 43. The Green-Golden Humming- Bird. For Shape and Bigncfs Jike Numb. 45. its Tail an Inch long, pretty broad, and blue like polillit Steel. 44. The Ruhiiie-hcaded Iiummiifg-Bird. This \$ the moll beautiful of all. the Head and Throat be- ing of an admirable Rubine furpafling Defcription. 45. The Blew- tail* d Humming' Bird. It's wonder- fully mixt with green, gold, flame coloux, and yellow, which fliine admirably in the Sun •, its Tail blue like poliflit Steel. 46. Tiic Brown-Tait'd Humming- Bird, The Tail ;in Inch long, of a fine brown, with a glofs of blue about the Edges. 47. The Pine-Tailed Humming- Bird. His Body inoft Gold, half Fire-colour, and a little green, h s Tail handfome, broad, and an Inch and a half ionfr, of party-coloured Feathers, fome like the Bod\ , others half white and green. 4^. The Fork-Tailed Humming-Bird. This is lef- jkr then Numb. 41. and 45. and is known by its forked lai! which is three Inches long. 40. The Tip-Tail* d Humming-Bird. This is the jlcafl of all, yec its Bill is an Inch and a half long, its Tail ends with its Wings, is of a greenilh black with white Tips. 50. JacM. A Sort of Pheafant fo call*d from its I Note. ' 51. The Kite. Its Feathers tawny, with white ind yellow Specks. 52. The PVbite-breafted Kite. Like the laft, but i Bread and Belly white. 53. The Sea-lark. Has a white Ring about his [NVck, and near it a Semicircle of dark grey •, it's trequent on the Sea-fhorcs, and Salt River Banks. .54. The Red-Maccaw. 405 m! 1 I'.i •I - ■ I' : Si Hi : r-t Dd 3 55- The Il • > I- 7 i' . imii •ilU;M f !l' I.! 'iif 40(5 The Natural Iliflory i;r;. The Telhw-Maccaiv, Thcfc arc two Suru of l.irgc I'anots, ^G, Miyuivc. Is as big as a Men, and lays Von^ in the Sand, which arc like them, and well UKul, but tluir I kill is not elleciird. 57. 'I'hc 'I'lt-Mfj/if-. Is wholly black and hVw, 5vS. The Grei'H'hi'ad'd 'Tit-Monfi. lias a b'ak Spot above the 15111, and Circle of black cncomp.iU Ics the B'ginninjj; of tb.c Back. 59. The S ih'li:i-l.n\id('d 'f"u-Mouf', The Bodv, Wrings, and 'J'.'il Ikiniiig black, the Thl«_jhs while with Scarlet Sjiors. 60. The C>:'(H [y'uk'Moifb. Is as big as an 0-J; ■when it u;ajA's one may eafily put in oik\s Fill. 61. 1 he /..//"■''■ ll''id>M',u:iK Is no bi[;gcr than z. S-'jualkw \ it'b black, fpcckled with vUii[c. Gi. The B^i'k and A\'J Uan:i^:h::l, 'ills and the next build their Nelh at the baids of tl.e iici^^is of Trees. Tj. The BLuk ■;ix\A I'rllo-ju Ilar.^-Ncii. 64. The Jincrican Ojlricb. Its wholv Body i> covered with grey Feathers. 7 he Tkih is gbud Meat. 65. The JLw'L-O-jdL The Feathers have a Mix- ture of white and pale yellow, fpotted with brown. G6. The Tricolour Horn'd ^hvl. Thefe arc as big as Geefe, finely mixt with black, white, and yellow. Gy.. The Li flic T'ame-Owi. It's of the Blanch ot aTb/oih't'; and plays with Men, making divers an- tick Faces. ; GS. The Blark Parrot, lias an ered Tail fix Inches long, coirmoii in Woods, it has but one Tone, which it raiies in the Middle. 69. The BldcK and lied Parrot. JO. The Rt'd-hrcajh'd Parrot. His Head, Breail, and Shoulders, viz. the Top of his \Ving3 rcu, llie reft green, 71. The of the re 'Parts, 71. The Bu\c:Jh.^rn Parrot. Is very I j;ij t'cc'tls on tile Mirocock Iruit n, and l.ivs Vgrrs •• 1 '\\\c Bl"^'Cro\V)i\l l\irrut. Is of ry large, muiy Co- 'iinl w.Il tir°^ ■lours, VIZ. yellow, j^avn, la.lron, and blew '*» ■ •'^. Ihc 'Trtpph i i .' I. t I 412 The Natural Hiflory 23. The Sand Cannibal Has a Mixture of GoId» red and blue, and are caught at the Bottom of fan dy Rivers : they are all eatable. 24. Tht River-Carp, Its Ihape, colour and laftc refembles ours. 25. Sea-Carp. It*s ten or twelve Inches long, and three or four broad : It eats well. 26. Cloud-fifh. Having four blackifh Clouds on each Side its Back. 27. The fmall Corcovado. Is an edible Fifh, its I Belly-fins white, the reft, with the Tail, Gold co- 1 lour. 28. The Bolphift. Its Head, Back, Sides and Fins, are green mixt with white, elegantly fprinkled with blue Specks of feveral Sizes, it's a very fwift Swimmer, and good to eat. 29. The Lake Eel-kin. Is moftly brown, darker on the Back, the Belly Liver-coloured, the Tail like a Snake : It's caught in Lakes and Ponds, and is good Meat. 30. Jacob Evert/on. A large Filh, grcyilh brown, full of black Specks : Is good Meat. 3 1 . The Beard-fin. Is about a Foot long, vviih Silver Scales : It eats well, and is taken in fandy Places. 32. The Bloody Fins. Its Scales are red and iilvc- ry, the Belly-fins are white tipt with red, the reft ot a Bloody colour -, they are often preferved in Pickle. 33. The Party-Jin. Is moftly deep red and fpot- tcd with divers Colours \ the Back-fin next the Head is prickly, the other End larger and fK-Jodi. 34. Speckled Party-fin. Is Moon-fcaled, fpeckled with black ; the Flelli tender and good. 35. The Sail-Fin. A flat Fifti three Inches broiid and four long, its Scales black, and fhining like Silk, and moft*"of them edged with yellow Semkir- cles, he is remarkable for three broad Lifts, two ex- tend into his Back -fin, the tliird round his Head. 0(1. 'Ik % colour and laftc d is taken in fandy rf thefe 9arn: 1^6. The Sword-Jin. Is a large FiQi eleven or twelve Foot long, and as thick as a Man ; its Scales are very like Silver (hining through ablueifh Shade, which is on his Back only ; its Flefh very boney, and ought to be boiled long. 37. The IVbite-fin. Is two or three Inches long ; it's moftly white and OHve colour, along the Mid- dle of the Side is a broad Ihining fdver Lilt : It's edible. 38. Tht Fifing Fiji:), Is fomewhat bigger than a Herring and Ihines like them •, its Fin-wings are very large and fpotted with black. 39. The Eel-Gar. Is two Foot long and very fiender ; along the Side is a greenilh I .ift, which parts the filver Belly from the olive coloured back : It's good Meat, efpecially fryed, is not boney-, it I frequents Salt Rivers coming from the Sea. 40. The Gate-fijh, Is pale yellow, fully fprinkled I with fmall bloody Spots : It's good Food. 41. The River-Gilt, Hath fmall Scales with a Blufn of Gold towards the Back. They eat it. 42. The Gold Head. Has blue Streaks along the I Sides i it's found amongP: the Rocks ; and eats well. 43. The Hard-head. Is covered with Gold, Sil- iver, and fine coloured Scales, good to eat. 44. The Black Hard-bead. Is a Filh found only I in Lakes and Fonds, his Belly whitifli, but all his I Fins, Back, ^6'. are black : It eats well. 45. The Brown Hermet. Is four Inches long ; he I hath two red Threads above his Eyes. 46. The Striped Hertnet. Has deep Purple crook- Ifd Lines on his Sides ; both thefe live amongft the 1 Rocks, and often fhelter themfelvesin Sea-fnells. 47. The Horned-Hog. A fmall flat Fifh, with a \}hrn on his Head, notcht on one Side only. 48. ThtSfnooth Horn'dHog. Is much larger than ithelafl, being near a Foot long, and four Inches whe'-e 4IJ lit I f I I •; 1/ !i n t i ! !m y i'l ■ 1 . .1 p: '•."* w-^ 414 The Natural HiJIory where broadelt j its //or« four Inches long andl taper. 49. The .*>c'^z-.^'?.^. Its Bark bUie, alfo two Lifts near the Cjills, the Scales beautiful, bjing JprcklcJl with green •, it's good tryed, but of no ikcount boiled. 50. The HoKud-fiJh. Is two Foot and a Kv long -, the FJefli is dry, yet often eat. 51. The Jdckct-f.pj. Hath liv'e black (iird'csl and Tail of the fame Colour, a Peach-hnn'd Back;! It's good to eat. 52. The Iron-ffi. Is half a Foot long, thcEd* ly whitifh. 53. The L'lf^r Iron-f/b. Has whitifli Scai; with a round Tail, thefe two, and tlK^ next a • edible. 54. The Sofi Iron-fi/Jj. Has a broad and v.id; Mouth. SS' The Azvl-pointcd Knife-fi/Jj. Its Tail runninc into a Point of three Inches long, found in RiwrsJ ^6, The Spotted Kmf'-fjh. Is a fiat Fiih, bkinJ on the Back, and Belly fliarp like a Knife \ iq caught in Lakes and eaten. SJ. The Spotlrfi Knife-fi/h. Not half fo broad aj the firft ; it's taken in Lakes : E.ats well, biitbonty^ 58. The Lattice Fifi. Is very large, fomeweighj ing above a hundred Pounds •, the Side-fins m golden Edges, the reft Liver-coloured. 59. The Loufie Ftjh, Has cruftaceous Lice ofteii found on him. 60. The Great Mackarell. Is feven Foot longJ and as thick as one's Body, it hath a crooked Linj on its Side, compofed of very minute Scales : 1| eats well. I 61. The Shotted Mackarell Is like the U\, buj much fpotted on the Sides with brown : It's good Meat, but dry: this is a fliy Fifh, anddifficuktfl be caught. )' i f k Foot long, the EiiJ s a broad and v.idj Is like the lift, buj brown : It's good Mlh, and difficuk td of thefe Tarts. 61. The Moon-filh. Is black and full of yellow Semicircles : good to cat. 6^ Tiic Red- Mouth. His Back and Gill-fins fciirlvt, the rcil edged wich white i has a broad bUck Liil : Is very good boiled. 64. The Stone-Mouth. Is like a Cnrp^ its Fins are filvery with a Caft of Gold : It eats well. brj. The Bloody Mullet. From its Colour; it's [potted with black, and has a golden Tail. 66. The Needle Fijh. It's line-fpotted with blue and green. b']. The Gilt Tcarch. Has fevcn Streaks on each Side, fome golden, others of a fhining brown: Is good Meat. 68. The Red-lifted Pearch. Is good to cat; has large filver Scales with a fcarlet Glofs ; near its Tail is a large Spot. 69. The Rock-Pearch. Its Head is covered with aroughCrud, Fleili coloured, the reit lilvery. 70. The Silver 'lifted Pearch. The Scales are round, fmall, and of a fliining Silver, as is a Fift along its Side : it eats well, is fometimes cwo Foot long. 71. The Spotted Pearch. Flas a large black Spot in the Middle of each Side, and another near the Tail; it's found in frelli Rivers and eaten. 72. The Tellow-headed Pearch. Has on each Side cwo golden Litis ; it's good Meat, found amongft Kocks. 73. The Tclloiju-ftrip^d Pearch. Is found with the Lift:, and eaten. 74. Pieterman. A thick-headed Fifli fprinkled with black Specks; it's eaten if tlie Liver and Gall be taken our, otherwife poifonous. 73. The Froq-moiitlfd Porcupine. Has near each Fii^a black Sj)ot, both above and below each Gill, and another near his Tail, hi > I'ricklcs yellow. j6. T\\t Sra-Porcupine. Is 14 Inches Jong, and ?.2 round •, it';i full of Prickles inllead of Scales. 77. The 415 n 1 , I I ) A ''(! II* ■1: ;; ^i! ' ^vfill i/'- I .1 t ' i 5 llliii' 41 tf The Natural Hijlory 77. The TelloW'finn^d Porcupine. Has near each Fin a black Spot ; it fwells and grows knk at Plea- fure. 78. The Sand-fjh. Its Flcih very white, and eati fliort. 79. The SaW'jifJj, L large and taper, with a rough Skin and flanting Tail : They eat well, cf- pecially the young ones. 80. The Seale, A Sort of Shark, 81. The Shark, Has three Rows of Teeth on each Jaw ; they are great Devourers : the young are pretty good Meat. 82. The Heart Shark. From the Shape of its Head : this is not fo dangerous as the lad, having but a fmall Mouth. 8.^. The Thorn-back Shark, His Body black and Belly very white, is accounted a very choice Filh. 84. The Sole. Is caught in fandy Waters j eats well. 85. The River Souldier. It's mail'd fomewhat like a Sturgeon^ the Meat good ; they fay it gets on Land to fcek for Water when the Rivers are near dry. 86. The Sprat. Is of the Shape and Size of a Gudgeon, has no Gills 1 is eaten. 8 7. The Meer Sprat. Never exceeds an Inch and a half in length -, the Fins yellow with a black Spot near the Tail i it's found in frcfh Lakes and Ponds, is eaten. 88. Tellow-ftreakt Stock-fiflj. Has nine yellow Lifts on each Side, the Belly filvery, is found both at Sea and in Rivers : It eats very well. 89. The Sucking-fijh or Remmora. Thefe are of- ten found fticking to the Shark, and taken with them. 90. The Gold-tail. A little Fifli, rarely exceed- ing 4 or 5 Inches, it fwims ftrongly againll the Stream in frefli Rivers: they ar^ often eat roaft in the Embers, firft wrapt in Leaves. 91. The 1" of thefe Tarts: 91. The Male Hard-tail. Is 8 or 10 fnche!? long and I broad, en his Side is a Row of round Fca- like black Spots iprinkled with blue Specks •, its Tail covered with a black Shell : it's a River Fifh ;nd good Meat. 9.!. The Female Hard-tail. Is like the MaU^ ; hut without blue Specks •, its Belly alfo towards the Tail IS reddifh. 9j. River Tairera. Has a hard flielly Head and li much thicker than the next : it's edible, but very boney. 94. The Sea 'Taircra. Is a Foot long and half as thick, has a forked Tail, otherwifelike an Eel ; it's lilted with yellow Streaks and green : it cats better than the laft. 95. The Great JhwothTborfi-back. Its Belly white, above Iron coloured with white Spots ; the Skin is wholly fmooth i its Tail above 4 Inches long and [taper ; not far from the Rump are two Fifli-hooks ike Thorns 3 Inches long : one FiHi afiordij Meat jfufficient tofatisfy 4.0 Men. 96. The Smooth-tailed 'Thorn-hack. Is like the Inext, but wants Waddles ; it's of a dark Colour, |fprinkled with black Specks : the Meat is good. 97. The Waddle- 1 ail' d Thorn-hack. Is white be- llow, and Alh-brown above : it's good Meat. 98. The ll^hip-tail'd Thorn-hack. Its Tail 3 Foot land a half long, thick at fetting o. but ends taper, and is very plyable ; it's full of black Warts. 99. The py'arty Thorn-hack. Is flat and round, laboiit 9 Inches over, his Tail 4 Foot long, A'-ich i Ithiciv horny Prides in the Midd.c, fet backward to oifend •, the Belly white. Back Iron colour, wiih jblack Warts in the Middlf^ 100. The Sea-fiad. Is of a dark red with black [Spots, has a Horn on his Nofe which he turns back ; Its eafily skinn'd and lluft. 417 M ' h ■n 1. The I ^'^^- in^ Ee 101. The !' HM' Qi If , t:* I 41 S T^€ Natural Hi/lory 101. T\\c Stone-tongue. A boncy Fidi ! but good to eat. 102. The Trianqle with Horns. Is full of black Spots on the Back. 103. The llornlcfs Triangle. I.cfTer than the lafl but bro.idcr Bellied and longer tail'd. 104. The Sea Trout. His Scales are filver with grey Lines between, all his Fins are whitilh. 105. The Tuck. I'he Scales blackifli ; its Rapier or Tuck is hid in his Side •, it's good Meat. 106. 'Iht Violin. It's taken in the upland Rivers in ftormy Weather *, the Flefh intoxicates. 107. The River Whisker. Has fix long black Whiskers, but no Stales : it talles well, and is fre- quently eaten. 108. The Cvd-fijh. Is two Foot long; the Up- per-part dark grey, the lower filvery i it's very tat, and may be eaten either boiled or fryed without But- ter or Oyl: thefe are falted and drycd in great Numbers, or otherwife kept in Pickle. 109. The Ling. Is much lefs than the laft, but I falted like them and dryed ; the Flefh is dryer, and| and the Fat in boy ling turns yellow. tt^^^siAiaA»«^«;^t^4^il^i^(M^^#ba^iA»flAit^«^«^ I I ;! L \ ! Ik . . . CHAP. IV. Of Cruftaceous Fish, and Teflaceous Animals I. ^H I P'BarnacIes. Are compofed of fivcl O white Shells, but where joined, yellow, 2. The Atnbergtrafe Crab, Becaufe he loves it, and comes often afhorc at low Water to find it. a IVallmit Size, his Hookers white, his Legs an Body grey and pale yellow. 3. The Ai)iAe Crab. Is finely fpotted and paint ed, with red, green, blue, white and brown, wic' a If ' V. l^9^AMik90^^f^ of theje Tatts, a red Spot on each Side ; its Legs pale yellow (Ireakc with brown : it*s good Meac. 4. The Bogg'Crabb. Is as big as a Hen's Egg, his right Claw much the bigger, with fharp Warts be- low, its Belly pale yellow, above Olive coloured, with yellow Edges ; the Meat good. 5. The Great Bogg-Crab. Differs only in Bignefs and Colour from the laft. 6. The Fe7nale Bogg-Crab. h lefler than Numb. 4. the left Claw bigger than the right, and very little hairy. 7. The Thorn'j-ed^d Crab. Its Claws are hairy tipt with black. He is of a lively red, and holds I hi? Colour after boiling. 8. The Brown Heart-Crab. Irs Legs and Claws I are white, blue and green mixt : they eat well, and I are fometinles taken at the going out of the Sea. 9. The Round Land-Crab. Runs Side- ways, and Ifwifdy : They are good Meat, and found Plenty in I boggy Woods. 10. The Square Land-Crab. Is of divers Co- llours, as blue, white, and dark brown, with red |varioufl) fpotred ; its Legs alfo variegated. 11. The Olive Spotted Crab. Is of a dark Colour; ItheTips of his Claws, and Hookers blue, his ^d- |ly whitifh mixt with fcarlet. 12. The Mandevill Crab. Comes out of his iHoles only at the Recefs of the Sea ; his right Claw labove 3 Inches long, very thick, and can hide his Iwhole Body, the Shoulder warty, the Claws ferra- |ted: it's eaten. 13. The Moon-Crab. Is a large beautiful varie- gated Animal : it fpouts Water out like a Fountain. 14. The Plumb-Crab. Its Body ruHy coloured, egs deep Purple covered with pale Hair ; lives in |Salt Rivers. 15. The Three-pointed Crab. Is as big as a Hen's 'gg J the Body fpotted with brown, the Legs with '■irplifh Specks, the reft white. Ee 2 16. The 419 ! I t 1 I u {: 1 ^ ft I ■; ill 1 1 I -S H r. i -.1 1 . I 4-0 The Natural Hiftory 1 6. The 5y//<2r<' Crab, Is very fmall, of a Liver colour, his Hookers d:irk red. 1 7. Tlie BrovjH Cray-fifi. Is four Inches lono . they eat it boiled. 18. 'Hie L'ii^'^'lr^^d Crayfijh, Hath a pale Crull, long ftriped with thick grey Streaks i its Meat good to eat. 19. The Black Crevife, differs from Numb. 21, only in Colour, and the Slendernefs of its I-cgs. 20. The Land-Crevife. Climbs Trees, his Shell black, fprinklcd with many yellow Specks. 21. I'hc JVhitifi Crevifc. Is all over fpcckkd Nvith brown : Are found plentifully in the rainy Su- fons, and eaten boil'd. 22. live Fingers. F.ach Ray half a Foot Icn^; thick-fct with curious Warts. 23. The Brancbt Five Fingers. Thefc Ray? dil- play themfclves each into feveral Ramification!;, netting one into another. 24. Nine Fm^ers, A Sortof Star-fifh withcutKays, 25. The Sea-kidney. From its Shape ; it's flat, and five Inches long, is brittle, and hath a Navel or Orifice on the under Side. 26. The Sea-Locuft. His Body is full of Prickles, ns are its Horns j between which are two Pair of fmooth Feelers. 27. The Sca-Mantip. Is about a Foot in length, and flender : it's of Kin to the Cray-filh. 28. Ship-Nuts. Are hard Shells, which com monly adhere to Ships like the Barnacles. 29. The Tree-Oyjler. Found commonly onthi Branches of the Mangrovcj which grows by tb Sea-fide. 30. The Shrimp, Is not much bigger than ; Filbert •, the Shell brown, the reft, with its Leg: yellowish : it's eaten. 31. I'he Hermet Shrimp. Thefc are of difieren Sizes and Colours •, are frequently found in '->hell on the Banks of Rivers. 3^ Th half a Foot Ion;,; luch bigger than of thefe "Parts. 32. The Short 'horn\l Shrimp, Like Numb. 30. but its Horns or Fcc-lcrs are fliortcr. 3'j. The Broad- 'quill. Has a (liort broad Body, with notcht Kdjres i its Legs very fliort. 34. The hint pcrfjraKui Sea Urchin, This has a Star in the Middle, witli Holes thro* the Shells. CHAP. V. 0/ Reptiles, as Snakes, Lizards, e>v. I. '^■"^IIE Crocodile, Is 8 or 9 Foot long •, his A Mouth very large, opening beyond his Eyes, their Eggs white, hard, and as it were warty •, they t;ille well > you often find near 1,0 of them toge- ther : the Flefli of the Crocodile is often eaten by ihe Blacks. 2. The Tree Frog, Is of a midling Size, above pale yellow, below deeper j its Sides and Hind-legs arc flreakt with black. ^. The Guana. Is green, with black and white waved Lifts along his Back v from Head to Tail is ;i notable green Weir, whofe Seam gradually leflens downwards : boiled or roafted they eat as well a:i Fowl or Rabbits. 4. The Smooth-back Guana, Is black fmcly fprinkled with white ; towards the End of the Tail it has as it were fix white Prickles, they love raw Eggs : its Flefli is eaten. 5. The Houfe Lizzard. Is a friendly Animal, for if it fees you in Danger of any hurtful Creature whilft afleep, it will come and awake you. They are very common in Gardens and about the Houfes, 6. The Blue-taiN Lizzard. Is not thicker than a Swan-quill, and but 3 Inches long i its^ Body imooch and fquarilh i thefe are faidtobepoifonous, Ee 3 aad 4H d' |W,F mBmmmmm^m^ mif ill! •i^r ill i 1 4 '-2 7i&^ Natural Hiftory and third after the Blood of breeding Women : and they report, that if a Woman, or but her Cloaths do touch this Creature, Ihe will afterwards prove barren. 7. The Fork-tail*d Lizauard, Refembies in all Things the Houfe Lizzard, except his Tail, which ends in two ftrait Horns-. 8. Tiie Lcng-iail'd Lizzard. Is no thicker thaq one's little Finger j its Belly white with bloody Spots, its Back finely ftrip'd and waved with Specks between. 9. The Spot fed- 1 ail* d Lizzard. Is waved on ihc Back with brown Lifts, and has four Spots on the Tail. 10. The Small Venomous Lizzard. Is fouj or five Inches long -, it's brown markt with white Lines mixt with yellow. 1 1. The Cnral Snake, Is two Foot long, and as thick as oii*i's Thumb, it's alternately fpotted very elegantly with white, black and fcarlet ; the firft and Jaft are edged with black : it's venomous. 12. The Frog Snckc. From his Food j he is fe^ ven or eight Foot long, and as thick as a Man, is taper and ends very fharp : he is Olive coloured, with a yellowifh Belly. 13. The Great Goat-fnake. Becaufe fo large they ran fwallow them whole, being above 8 Foot long, and 1 5 Inches about j finely markt with black and white : its Flefh is eaten. 1.4.. The Horn-bellied Snake. Near fix Foot long, .md half a Foot about ; it has near its Vent t vo fmall Bird-like Claws. 15. The Houfe-fnake. Its Belly white, and Back iron coloured ; about 3 Foot long, and two Fin- gers thick : thefe deftroy the Hens Eggs. 16. The Green Houfe-fnake. About a? thick a? ones little Finger, and 2 or 3 Foot long i has ^ large IVJoych, and is very poifonous, 27, The of thefe "Parts, V}, The Rattle-fiiake. Is pale yellow, with black Spots : It's faid to be fo poilonous, that there is no Remedy for it. 1 8. The Circle-fpotted Snake. Is brown, with two Rows of alternate yellow Spots fet in dark red Circles. 19. The Great [potted Snake. Is venonous and Ipotted like the Rattle Snake. 20. The Ring'tail'd Snake. Hath a fliining fil- ver Belly, the reft black and white ; he hath fix fil- ver Rings in his I'ail, and as many Iharp Teeth in both Jaws. 21. The Veado-fnake. In Length about 8 Foot, with a Chain of black Spots along the Back, with white Spots on the Sides furrounded with black. 22. The Terrapin or Land-turtle, Is covered with a black Shell, the Scales triangular 5 its Liver is delicious. 2^?. The Sea- turtle. Has the Nofe of a Bird, Fin-like Feet •, and is of feveral Sizes and Colours : its Flefh and Eggs are good Meat. 24. The Leffer Turtle. Is about 10 Inches long, and 9 broad ; its Tail Ihort and pointed i each Foot has 4 black Claws •, their Eggs white, round, and about the Bignefs of Pidgeon^s, eat well fryed. 25. The Blind-worm. Is white and fhining like Glafs, with copperiih Rings and Streaks, lives on Ants; it*s faid there is no Remedy againll ic-; Poifon, 423 I I 'i. i\: \' 11'' 1 ; t' E e 4 CHAP. # 'M •$' •v m\i ^a ^ ¥ fill I |l « t I' ■' ti J I ^.< sflif' ;ii i ; »•" -.I, I H I'-i yifii' n-' r .$fc:fi' ;i.'i I t). 4 ,^'.' , Ml; if 424 T/Stf Natural Hi/iory CHAP. VI. 0/ I N S E C T S. I. KNT'S. Are in great Numbers both in tlu jL\ Woods and Fields -, and are univerlal De- vOLircrs, as well of Animals as Vegetables. 2 . The Black Ant. Is about an Inch long. 3. The Flpng Ant. Hath four tranfparent yr! lowilh Wings, with fad red Vein and Edges : the Blacks eat the Bodies of them. 4. The Hairy Ant. Thefe have Wings, but on- }y at certain Seafons. 5. The Scarlet-Ant. Has a very fhining Head. 6. The Birds-neft Bee. The Hives of thefe are black and hard, hanging from the Trees like Birds ncfts. 7. The Bujh-hee, Yields the beft and fwecrcft Honey \ it hives on Shrubs and low Trees, iis Combs hang down half a yard long. 8. The Ground-bee. Thefe are found out by fmoaking them. 9. Another Groh'.nd-bee^ Whofe Paper-like Hive refembles a Sugar-loaf 5 thefe three laft IHng like ours 10. Tht Tree-hee. Sticks his Honey to the Bo dies of Trees, inclofed in round Balls of Wax : this and the next fting not. 11. The ^ree-hole Bee. Lives in hollow Trees. Its Honey is well tailed and very wholefome. 12. T\\t f?nall Black-beetle, Is round and (hining 13. The Bull-beetle. Is very large, with two i lorns on his Shouldeiis, and one from his Snout aiming upwards. 14, Tiic $^&i>i:S.&M UMtiW'o!A)-jtfj(5j re Wings, but on- €>/ ihefe Tarts. 14. The hair BulLhcetle. A large Sort of black ihining Beetle, covered with yelloxriih Hairs. 15. The cTofs Goat-beetle. Is of a dark red mixt with a ihining Blacknefs ; thwart his Back is a yeU low Lift ; his Horns yellow and black. 1 6. The Saphire^beetle, Has green Wings with a Gold Glofs. 17. The Snap-heetk. Its Shoulders black with yellow Edges, its Cruft-wings ftreakt with black. 18. The Tortoife-beetle. The Botly of a golden Luilre, the Edges Copper. 19. The Unicorn-beetle. Has a Mixture of black, green, and gold, Ihines ; yet covered with line Hajr. It fmells like a Goat, and has often fmail ones about his Body. 20. The Green-bugg. His Head yellow, above mixt with green ; it ftinks much. 21. The Scorpio n-bugg. Is two Inches long, and one broad ; its Legs dark yellow, with black Spots, and hairy. 22. The black Butterfly. Has flant green Lines glofl with Gold. 23. The B lac k-rimm'd Butterfly, 24. The Strip^d'olive Butterfly. 25. The pale Butterfly with yellow Wings. The i^igcs of this is markt with black and white. 26. The Silver-fiotted Butterfly. 27. The white Butterfly wkh brown Spot*?. 2S'. The great yellow Butterfly zviih dijfering co^ hired Spots. 29. The black Velvet Caterpillar. Has nine yellow j Rings crofs its Back ; its Head, Tail and Feet icarlet. 30. Tlie Golden Lifted, black Velvet Caterpillar, 31. The Grey-rin£d Caterpillar. 32. The green Caterpillar. Is fpccklcd with pi'U:k, and has white flant Line^ on its Sides. '^2' The 42J "■ ■Mi . ' i \' I ■-'•' m r' t^ I \ . \ \ ;. . „,< II' JV i- H i'i ' K >-. I-. v. wlm .WW' im A 426 The Natural Hilloff 53. The green and white Catter pillar. Has two yellow Lines its Length, and flant ones of the fame 34. The fcarlet Horn*d Catterpillar, Has fome white mixt with its deep red, the Belly, Sides, and Tail green. ^iS' The Maracock Caterpillar. Is hatcht from the Eggs of the Silver-fpotted Butterfly^ Numb. 26. :^6. The Nightjhade Caterpillar. Is very black, but Head aid Sides white fpotted ; it's covered with yellow Briftles : When thefe touch a Man's Skin, it burns like Fire. 37. T\\Q Silk-worm Caterpillar. 38. Chegoes. Are like Fleas, and frequently gee under the Nails of both Hands and Feet , and there raife a great Itching and Lodge, except they are pickt out with a Needle. 39. The Locti^l-cricket. Is fomewhat like and of Kin to our Mole-cricket. 40. The Black-hairy Drone. Is fliining and vel- vety i the Forepart of a whitilh yellow, with a black Spot. 4 1 . The black Silk Drone. 42. The fhining yellow Drone. Is covered with fine Hair. 43. The Great Earwig. Is two Inches long, partly black and pale yellow. 44. The black Fly. Has fhining Saphirine Eyes. 45. The Dew Fly. Thefe towards the Evening flock in great Numbers on T rees, and make a long continued Noife. 46. The Fire-fly. On each Side of the Upper- part of his Body, is a round white fhining Spot, no bigger than a Muitardfeed j through which il jalts its amazing Light. 47. The Green Fly. Has a golden Glofs, with a Saphire coloured Heiid ♦, its Wings fpotted with dark red- 1^'. M n- 'W newhat like and of | p. Is covered with ! two Inches long, ig Saphirine Eyes.! rards the Evening I jy and make ;i long] ^ide of the Upper- rhite Iliining Spot, through which ill of thefe Tarts. 48. The Hair^ Toddy-fly. A very large Beetle, iwith a long Horn from each Jaw. 49. The Scarlet Fly. Frequent in Gardens, [Woods and Fields in the rainy Seafons. 50. The Scarlet Fly with /potted Wings. Its Bo- ld/ brown and green, the Wings round and black. 51. The Scarlet-win^ d Fly. The Head and Up- Iper-parts of a Ihining black , the Tips brown. 52. The Silver and Brown Fly, Has tranfparent [Wings fpeckled with brown. 53. The yellow Fly. Is a troublefome Infed. 54. The Creen-golden Gnat. Has two Wings of Ithe Colour, of the Rainbow *, its Legs and Body jliairy, :;. The harmkfs Gnat. Is a bufie Fly, but has |no Sting. 56. The flinging Gnat. Thefe are very trouble- |fome, efpecially in the Night. 57. The flreak*d Hog-lonfe. Has crofs Lines of l^rk yellow and black. 58. The Variegated Knot-horn. Is finely markt iwith yellow, brown and blue i the Legs yellow and |l)lack party coloured. 59. The Brown Locu§t, Lefler than the next. 60. The Green Locufi. His Back and Belly red ; 15 under Wings are latticed with red, black, afh, ^nd green Squares. 61. The Grey Locufl;, Is three Inches long, his [Pincers red. 62. The Leaf-like Locusf. His Body fliorter than f^'umb. 60. his Back flat, and Head fmooth. d^. The Greater ^ill-LpeuSi. The Body of this i warty. 64. The Lejfer ^ill-Locuff. Is a long flender ^rey Infedt, with fported Lines. 6^. The Green Mantifi. Somewhvit like a Lo- W i but has a long flender Neck like a Camel 427 (' I ■" \^\ <'•; r.6. The n\ I l:'!l ,. i'! M 42 g Ti)e Natural Hiftory 66. The Rufiy Mantifs, Refembles a dead Leaf, I 67. The Silver Millepodes. Are larger than ours; have fix Legs towards the Head, the lad pair Jongeft. 68. The great brown Moth. Its Wings are three' Inches and a half long, and one and a half broad. 69. The Scolopendria. Is about four Inches loiial and has twenty Legs on each Side. 70. The Flat-ringd Scolopendria, Is black, witli| yellow Edges on the Rings. 71. The Scorpion. Is common in Houfes, anj| very large ; with two Spines in his Tail. 72. I'he 'Triangular-backt Spider. On his Sides are fix firarp white Points, fpotted with dark brown. 73. The Great-hairy Spider. Thefe are very] common : they live on Flies and other Infers \ yeu can fubfift under Confinement a great while v/ithojrj 74. The Houfe Spider. Its Back and Legs are fpotted with black -, thefe call their Skin like dia laft. . 75. The LefT-r J loufi Spider. Carry their Youiis in a roun^ Lag under their Belly \ they fpin in tha Nighr. ■JO. The Grey-fpider. Is hairy like Velvet, anc fpeckled with black. yy. The Siher-fpider. Is elegantly fiiaped. 78. The great Sihcr-fpider. Like the laft, bulj bigger. 79. The Silver and Tellow Spider. This is ftreaki with brown Lines, and makes Webs like the com] mon. 80. The Tortoife-fpider. No bigger than a Pe^; its Shell hexangular. Silver coloured with i^i'i Spots. 81. The "tick. A fmall flat roundiili Loufel if any Body fits down in the Woods or Fields, thi Vermine prefently attacks him, and gets into nil Flefli. S.1 .■ ia. Is black, witli of thefe Tarts, 82. The Steel-wafp. Has a very hard Body, not [eafily penetrable with a Needle, yet Qick as Silk. 83. The Glafs-wing. h a fmall oval Inledb, half an Inch long. 84. The Houfi-worm. A Sort of Scolopendria, as thick as one's little Finger, and half a Foot long, 85. The Palm-worm. About two Inches long, and as thick as the laft. «@) yg)(sl) (g^ i£(S) «jS)(S) (g)@) (g)@) (£)@) ;g^ ^^^ 429 I ' j r Carry their Youna ly i they fpin in the ry like Velvet, an^ CHAP. Vil. Of Trees. I. T^ H E Anda. Is a large handfome Tree, with ■i- fine yellow Flowers ; the Wood is put to many Ufes: The xsativcs catch Fiflivvath the Bark, by throwing it into the Water, which fuddles them. 2. Angelin-tree. They ufe the Wood hereof to build their Houfes, :^ The Ball- Apple. Has Leaves growing by Pairs eight or nine Inches long, and 2 or 3 where broadeit j the Apple dark yellow, with 3 Seeds in each. 4. The Bread-Apple. Its Flowers fmall and yel- low growing in a long Spike. Half a Dram of the Kernel drank in Water is an excellent Remedy for the Flux. 5. The Mu^/k-Apple. Bears fmall white Flowers full of Thread : The ripe Fruit big as an Egg and yellowifh : It flowers in July and Augnjl ; and bears ripe Fruit in March. 6. The Stofif^- Apple. Is a fweet edible Fruit, as large as an Orange, yet its Inlide fmells rancid. 7. The Copaiba Balfim. This Tree yields great Plenty of a Balfam, very good in all Fluxes of the Bowels, '^ii I' 'fr I ;r ii'' ■ ly . ' I • SI' ' I. :' f ! ! i! • III I' *ii fc'^' 'l^: ri* t III* . r ■ I i. . h If' S . t:i{ ti. Pepper Cherry. The Fruit fcarlct, wiili ci4f Furrows, talVcs bitterilh, and Ibmetliing hot, Hke Ciipjicitni or Cod-pepper. 3j. Tiie -Trefoil., Spotted Cherry. Its Flowers five I.caved ; the Fruit when ripe ("which is in /v- hrtiar] blaekilh, Ipccklcd with white, the Skin pcel'd oiK they ;ire iWeetifh, each as big as uGoote- berry, and contain 3 fmall white Kernels. 34. leiloiv-ebcrry. '1 hefe they often eat. 35. The Coco-trec» Is a Sore of Fahii every Bo- dy knows. 36. Coral-tree. Grows about as big as a Crab, is thorny and trifoliated ; its Bloflbms equal thei Flower-de-luce, are fcarlct and {{:q[\ at a grtai Di- ftance, but quickly fall off-, the Pods are i, 3, and fomc 5 Inches long, with as many Partitions as Scui, 37. 'Fhe Cork-tree. Is about the Size of a /j«t'i or Bdfe-tree^ the Leaves like Walnut but fliarpcr. it bears pale yellow Flowers in great Tufts, and a yellow Plumb, the Wood is reddifh and light of which they make Corks an i Stopples. 58. Ithuifiy. Is a huge Tree, with fmall dirk green Feaves ; the Heart of the Tree is a fad Olive* colour near black; it's bitter whilft growing. 39. '•I brum- Elder. Its Wood, Bark and Pith, refemble Flder, and the firll liii' lis of it •, the Flow- ers are fragrant, large and yellow like Prinirofesl made of five Leaves, and fill'd with yellow and fallron coloured Threads an Inch and a halt long I the Tree very beautiful. 40. The Torch- fig. A Sort of prickly Pear, on the Leaves of which grow certain Warts or Excrei ccncics. 41. Silk -finger Tree. This bears S or 10 Leaves on a 2 or 3 Inch FootllalL ; Star-falliioncd like the| Fire-root, frnooth above, and filky below: finely veined. f 42. Cn'i'i £■ S A ometliinir hot, hke of thefe Tarts. 42. Curl Flower, This Tree is large and fhady ; of the Wood, which is very hard, they make Wiiceis lor their Sugar-mills : the Tree looks beautiful when in Mower, which is in Otlober and November^ they being of a blue and white Colour. 4',\ Swtiet^ Flo-ivcr Tree. At the Top of the Leaves, which are whitifh underneath, grow Tufts of fmall white fix leaved Flowers of a plealanc Scent. 44. Tclloiv Hang Flower. Is a Tree with foft long oppofite Leaves ; at the Top of the Branches giow a Spike of beautiful yellow Flowers, which by a crooked Foot-ftalk hang downwards •, its Fruit of a Currran Size. 45. U^all-Flowtr Tree. Becaufe its Flowers are like our fingle S tock-gillo-ivflozuer^ yellow and rather fwecter than tliem, which are to be feen in Dcccmbtr and January. 46. All- Fruit. From its Plenty, being fo thick let round its Body, you can fcarcc fee its Bark •, they .^re about the Bigncfs of a Lime.^ fweer, tem- perate, and wholefome, pleafant in Fevers. 47 '"/"he Fiijtick. Grows every where in the Wooas ,. its Fruit is ripe in March, 48. The Gem pat, or Ink- Apple. A Tree whofe Fruit ftains like Ink. 49 Gmn-Icica, The Bark of this Tree being fut, yields a fragrant Rozin fmelling like Dill ; much ufed in all Wounds of the Head. 50. Tellow Gum-Tree, From the Bark of this al- fo flows a purging yellow Gum, which the Po^ luefc call Giwi La era. 51. The Cbefnut Gourd. Each Fruit, has 5 or 6, very white Chefnut-Wke Kernels, which eat well. 52. The Orange Gourd, Contains 2 or 3 large Kernels, which are not edible, but the Pulp about fncm is, being Iharp and a little bitteriHi. A faf- tVon Milk flows from the Tree being cut. Vol. Ill Ff 53 The 453 :l; ■ iSBHI I 1 KM 434 The Natural Hi ft or y 5^ The Giuger Ihiz*!, Becaufc it bears a Kukm fomewhAt like it, which rmcils of Gin^r^T •, ii,g Hoot h.\s alio the lame Taftc and Smell. 54. The Greater or Male larucatia. Is a t.ill Qrait thorny Tree, the Fruit of a fafVron Colour both within and without \ when ripe it*s eaten cithcrniw or boyrd : in March it renews its Leaves, and in April and Ma^ it flowers randi fruits. 35. The Female laracatia. DiHers from ihcMalc^ only in being lefs in all its Parts. 36. Coii\i Ifiga. Is diltinguilht from the follow- ing in having its Fruit 6 or 7 Inches long, but odly turn*d about like Pennid Sugar. 57. Feather- Ifjga. Bears a Tuft of fmall white Flowers fill'd with white filken Hair two Inches long, tint with yellow j thclc fmell fwcet like thole of the Ume-tree. 58. Joynted Inga, They eat its Fruit, which is well * aiUcl ; it*s ripe in Ata). 59. Rujiy higa. The Pods of this are flat and covered with arufty coloured Hair. do. IroH-PP^ood. Is a great branched Tree with fharp pointed Heart- like Leaves 3 or 4 Inches long: the Wood extream hard. 61. Black Lignum-Vitcr. The Wood hard and fmclls well. 62. White L/g;/«;;:-.^/7<'r. Its Flower huds fomo- what bigger than a Cherry-flonc, which opens into 5 Parts, difcovering a fingle, round, fwcet, yellow Leaf, on which are many white Threads, tipc with yellow. 63. The IVood-L'imon, Has a thin Skin and ve- ry juicy, with a tew fmall Seed, which are hurtful to the Teeth. 64. The Mangrove-tree. The Flowers of a yel- lowifli ^reen •, the Fruit is Food for the Terrapins. 6j. Matcfj' its Fruit, which is lower huds fomo- which opens into nd, Iwcet, yellow I'hrcads, tipt with of theje Tarts. 65. Match-tree. The Niitives make Ropes of the Biirk of this Tree, as alio Match-cord Xiku ours made o\ Paper. b6. Mullein-tree. The Leaves very like them -, it bears a Spike of yellow Flowers, and a Goofe-berry like PVuit, which they cat. by. Bread Palm. Avery ufcful Tree to the Na« tives, not only in making Flower of the Wood flic and beaten, which they eat inftead of C^^??;^- bread, but with the Leaves they thatch their Huts, and alio being pliable they ufe them as Cords : Of the Fruit they make an Oyl, the Kernel they eat ; and ot" the Bark they make Match to light their Pipes with. 6S. Egg Palm. Of the fafFron coloured Pulp ; they make a croceous Oyl, which they burn in their Lamps, and from its Kernel they expreis a clear Oyl, which they cook their Meat withal whillt freih J of the Bark of the Nut they make Tobacco- pipes, and with its Leaves they thatch their Hou- i'es, make iVTats, Baskets, ^c. 69. Hurdli:-Palm. Bears pale yellow three leaved Flowers, and an Olive- like Fruit •, they make B.i'-^- kcts, and cover their Huts with its Leaves, and of the Wood is made Hurdles to fold their Sheep and other Cattle. 70. Tellozv-Palm. Its Flowers three leaved, and very imall, with Threads, which and the Palm-hag are all yellow -, its Fruit fmall, and Wood taper, wiiich they ufe in Building. 71. Bread-Peach. The Fruit of this they eat boil'd with Flefh and Fifi. inilead of Bread ; it hath a large Kernel, which they alfo eat with it. 72. The PitGtna. Is a large branched Tree, the Leaves grow by Pairs of divers Sizes, viz. from 3 to 8 Inches long -, the Flowers fmall, 4 leaved, of a Straw colour, the Fruit oval, the Meat of a plea- sant (harp Tafte, with a Stipticicy or Drynefs. F f ?. IM' IS ! » J hi *4-i ■'I'h I 'V T^je Natural Hi/lory CHAP. IX. Of Herbs. i."D OlJi^D Mcwi's Apple. Irs Flowers five XV icaved with Purple Veins ; the Fruit round, fmooth, and when ripe yellow, fomewh:: Igwer thai; a C ab : thefe are ea*-en boiied with Oyl undi Peopcr. 7. •^- /' ^pple. Its Leaves refemble Aloes-, the Flowei rhre aved, and blue •, its Fruit very pLa fant and well known. 3. Amarainth like Herb. Is woody, and grows .1- 1 bout 2 Foot high ; at every Branch comes a red ! Head of imall Flowers on an Inch Footftalk fuftain- cd by a fmall Nettle- like Leaf. 4. fVhite Arfmart. Bears long flender white Flow- 1 crs, Willow Leaves, and knotty Stalks. 5. Avens. Rifes a Yard or higher. Branches it the Joynts, where are generally 5 Leaves wingd and cut like ours. 6. ^way blade Avens. Grow fometimes a Y.irdi high ; it Branches f i om the Joynts, where are 2 fer- rated Leaves 5 or 6 Inches long j at the Tops grow! fmall 5 leaved yellow Flowers, fcenting fomewiiit like Chamomil. 7. Batiata*s. Have Leaves fome cordared, 0- thers angular, bears neither Flower nor Fruit; thcl Root is milkey, very white within, and pale yellow without. 8. Red Battata's. Thcl'e arc red throughoj',: and tinge the Hands blue, and a Knife black. 9. Sea-berr'j. Bears thick juicy Leav^cs like Pn'" lain^ but much bigger ; the Flowers hkc a ('w jHozvcr^ 5 leaved and white, with black finning 0^ n ]!^'ll; of thefe Tarts. live fizcd Berries : the Fltfli like that of a Black Cherry. 10. Befom weed. From the Ufe they put it to ; it' a BuHi half a yard high, \vith oppofite yervatn ] ^c-J, froni Tvhence j.roceed final! white 4 leaved F .vers, which ;\c lucceeded by round little Berries f'' of dufty Seed. 'I. i.:ind leavd Bindweed, Chrubs Trees and 'iulhes, the Stn.^k haiiy and fpotted ; has plain Clnquefu'd Leaves and a wiiite Flower. 12. IVhltc Bindweed. Has cordatcd Leaves, with a white pentangular Flower. 13. The Blue. Bears a Spike of green Flowers : it's boyl'd for a Sallct, and eats well. 14. IVelted Broo?n. Rifesayard high, with hai- ry welted Stalks i at the I'op grow yellow Flow trs, with Pea-like Pods and greenifli Seed -, whi»..i are generally Worm-eaten. 15. Pur^budds. Its Branches, fome are upri^^ r others bending \ at the Joynts grow 3 or 4 loft Inch-long Leaves hoary below -, at the Top of the Stalks are fmall pale Purple Flowers, whofe Bud is fo fat and burry, that it eafily clings to your Cloaths. 1 6. Tellow Buttons. Is a low Plant, with Hyf- fop Leaves, and a Head of yellow Flowers cut to the Middle in 6 Notches, with as many white Threads. 17. The Three leaved CalahaJJj. Climbs tall Trees -, it Leaves like the Cozvilcb : the Fruit lefs than the common Calabalh, elfev^/y like it. 18. Ground Calavances. Has Trefoil Leaves with fmall yellow Flowers i it creeps on the Ground with many netty Roots : to thefe grow Hazel -like Nuts, in which are one or two fwcet edible Kernels, as pleafant as Peafe. 445 n* ;' ' A.>^ 19. The ■%\ ■ :i'-'|! , , ' (. ,. 1 '. rf A,*t 446 The Natural Hijlory 19. The RedCainara. Smells finer than Mint ; the Leaves fcrrated and grow oppolite, the Ijcnics green. 20. The JVhite Ca?/iara, The Flowers iwcet and the whole PJanr has a Minty Smell. 21. The llilozv Camara. The Flowers yellow; othcrwire like the red. 22. The Clammy yellotv Camara. Grows very tall ; the Leaves rough and hairy like Ncttb ; the Flowers 9 Leaved, with black Threads. 23. Star Campion. Grows about 2 Foot high, ■with leveral woolly Moufe-car Leaves i at the 1 op grow 5 or 6 blue live leaved Flowers, with a whi:: Star at the Bottom, and Ibme Threads of the fame Colour. 24. Cone Cane. The Leaves 8 or 9 Inches long, and 3 where broadelt ; at the Top grows a yellow and fcarlet Cone •, between the Scales come pale pur- plilh Flowers, with many black Seed wrapt m x Sort of Lint. The Stalk of this chewed for 8 Days together is faid to be an infallible Remedy againila Gonorrhea^ without ufingany other Medicine. 25. Red Cone Cane. 26. Blue Cone Cane. Its Flowers four leaved and blue. 27. Red edg'd flour in 1 r m I ( ;^48 The Natural lUJlory Leaves bnillcd and applied, an excellent AniiJoir againfl all venomous Bites. 43. Three fie (It'll Climrr. Has cordaied Lv/r >, with fmall white 5 StarrM I'lowen^ with a puriilJ Spot in the Middle •, the Fruit -^ Square, with as many Cells, having in each one brown Seed. 44. Broivn Coch-Jooi. Grows ■{ or 4 C.ibjts higi^l\ the Spikes divided into iz or 15 brown j-iii gers ; each S' or 9 Inches long. 45. Grrrn Cocks-foot. Like the lad, but the Spikes green, as alfo longer and finer. 46. S'zveet Cottoh iveed. Its Leaves woolly and C'jrrd like Grcumlfel , the Flowers ^\o\s towards rhc Top of tJK' Herb, refembling ff^ormzvood, but imell like Dittauder of Creet, 47. If^ild Cucumber, Its Leaves trifid, noicht and hairy ; the Fruit of an Egg Size, prickly, yet eaten. 48. The Grand Cozv-itch. A Sort ol Kiduf) Bedi: with yellow Flowers ; its Pods broad, hairy and rugged i it climbs Trees, flowers in June and Juk 49. Utnhellated Cyperus. Grows 3 or 4 Foot hl'^.\ and branches into 4 or 5 Stalks. 50. IFhite beaded CyPerus. Rifes a Foot high^ at the Top comes 7 or 8 white Heads {landing on fhorr Footitalks, guarded with 6 Iharp Leavei. 5 1. 7/^/Vy naked Dofifie. IJke the next but Stalks and Leavci hairy and noccht about. 52. Smooth naked Dai fie. Its Leaves 3 or 4 In ches long, and one and a half where broadell, whi- tifh below : it's a great Counter-poyfon, and very good in Fluxes. 53. Slender Dock. Grows half a Yard hi^l\ with many narrow Leaves and flender Spikes, with verv minute yellow Flowers. 54. Stinking Dog-bane. Is a climing milky Plant. with a yellow Flower and Fruit, fomewhat prickly lik;' of thefe Tartf. Jike the Thorn-apple^ in which arc many Seed ad- hering to a bcMuiifiil lilver Down. Cr3' ^^ppi^'-fooU'd Dragous. From the Keleniblancc of its Bulb, grows 2 Foot high, its Stalls fpeckled with green, yellow and white i its Pejlel wJien ripe I'potted with yellow and red. r-jb. Foiir-Uiwrd- Ear t hunts, (/rows about half a yard Lngh, with two pair of Liquori/b Lcivcs, and yellow Pulfc Flozvcrs \ to its Roots are Pods lixcd, in which arc two pleafant Kfniels that rafle like Pi- Jlacbeo*s^ and are eaten boyl'd in their Dcfer.s. 57. The broad EM:r. The Leaves of this arc more pointed and broader, than the Roktu!, and double veined round the Edges -, they eat tlie Root boyl'd as Potatoes, and the Leaves as a boyl'd Sallet. 58. Narrow-leav\i Edder. Has Leaves about a Foot long, it Jlo'ivers in /Ipril^ green without and white within. 59. Round Edder, Has a round cordated milky Leaf; the Root of an On-jon fize, yellow within, but reddifh without. 60. Scarlet Elder. The Leaves 5 or 6 Inches Jong, trifoliated and ferrated : hjlozuers like Elder ; they are of a bloody Colour, without Petalx. 61. Elecampane EverlaJHng. Becaufe iti Roots have the fame Scent ; the Flowers are conipoied of Ihining filvery Scales which never decay. 62. Climhig Fern. This twines about feveral Shrubs and Plants. 6;^. Notch t-lcaved Fern. Grows 3 or 4 Foot higb^ its Leaves 5 or '^ Inches long, bearing its Seed on the Edges only. 64. Miter-beaded Flax. Rifes about two Foot high^ and branches much •, its Stalks hairy, as alfo its Leaves^ which are long and pointed, putting out here and there blood-red Flowers^ with Flax-like Pleads mitred and bluntly triangular. 449 r;,/ Vol. Ill, Gg 6t. Dead I :i ■( ■■' i1 'II . !■ V'' 4 ' ■ 450 T/je Natural HifJory 65. Drnd-fcnitr^ Fleahanc. Gr^ws hall" a yaid high, dividing into oppofite Branches, whcie grow 3 or 4 plain Leavrs one bigger than an' uhcr ; {roni iheic on 2 or 3 Inch Foocftalks conic yellow Daiiio like Flo-zvt'rs^ v/ithout any Smell. 66. Dzvarf Flower -ffncc. Riles a yard lh'(i.^^ each Stalk hath 12 or more pair ot Leaves like tlie Sc}ijib!c PliUit^ the Flowers yellow and Pods 2 or ^ Indies loncf. 6y. F^iither-Jloivcr, Grows half a yard hi^h\ its Stalks angular and knotty at every Joynt, where it branches witii two fcrrated Leaves, but more in tlie leiVer, whence proceed imall 4 leaved white feathery Flozvcy<. 68. The Iforir-fio-zver. Grows a yard bi^.'^ the Leaves 6 or 8 Indus long, foniewhat wrinkled and lightly nordu •, the Fiozvrrs long, hollow and of a curious red ; its Fruit round and (Iriatcd, with imall Seed divided within like a Poppy IJra^i 69. The Pduncb-JJo-zver. Is a fcandent V\m with roundifli Leaves •, the Flower is of a whiulh yellow •, its Shape fingular, refemb^ing a humane Paunch : to this u annexed a broad Membrane full of red Veins. 70. Twin-flrwers. Has from one Root 9 or 10 Branches, each near 2 Foot high, on thefc grow Ivillow-like Leaves by pairs •, at the l"op come out - white Flowers like Tanfs, but 6 Times lei's, 004 Inch Footilalks, but always 2 together. 71. Scarlet Fox -Glove. Grows 3 or 4 Foot %', with Nettle Leaves oppofite ; the Flowers grow sn Spikes like the common. 72. Purging Crrmafider. Its Leaves grow oppo- fite, round and ferrated. Flowers white, but very fmail. A Drink of this purges and vomits llrongly. 73- Ginger, Grows about two Foot higL\ widi Flag Leaves, 74. Bijiuc 3 or 4 Foot %', > Foot high^ with of theje Taris. 74. Bottle Gourd. Bears a large white 5 leaved Tlower i the Seed flat and as it were forked at each End. ^rj. Ivy Gourd. A fcandent Plant with Ivy Leaves: In the Fruit oi' this arc 12 Seed in 3 Cells, of whofe Kernels they make a clear Oyl, to burn in their Lamps ; but like the Kerne!, it's too bitter to be eaten. /6. The long Gourd, li^ Fruit ic; Inches long, and n about ; its Meat yellow, talle unpleafant , and therefore not eaten. 77. Trifid- leaved Gourd. Runs amongil other Herbs and Shrubs, the Stalks winged •, the Leaves rough and green with pointed Edges. 78. Graj's-flo'u^^r. Has grafTy Leaves about the Root i its Stalk near iialf a yard high -, at the Top grows a fingle ic;x\y Head, out of which proceeds a 2 leaved Flower. yc). Featber-gra/s. Near a yard high, divides at Top into 25, or -> llender S^pihes each 3 or 4 Inche'i long. 80. Square-headed Grafi. Its Sialk triangular, i^ and fometimes 20 Inches high -, the Heads 4 Square, and feem to be made up of 5 Glands as big as a RaifiHy with 4 Leaves coming from its Bofom •, thefe Heads fmell like Cbanicmil. 81. Pleated Millel -Grafs. Grows 4 or 5 F'oot high, Reed-hke ; its Leaves finely pleated, like the young Pahnetto ; the Spikes half a Foot long. 82. Hair) Oat-^mfs. At the Top of the Stalk comes 7 narrow (harp Leaves., about 2 Inche^; long the Infide very white at firft letting on ; r" Middle of thefe grow Oat-like Seed. 83. Silver f^iaklng-Grafs. Bears 5 or 6 fiendcr Koikes 2 Inches long,' no thicker than a Packthread ; this from filvery, turns purpliih, and trembles wiiii the Wind, the 45T ||. n^ i r 454 The Natural Hiftory pain;, and rcfemblcs thole of Nettles : it flowers all the Year •, they are compofed of white and blue, in Shape and Manner of growing like 'J'anJ'^. 1 06. Gra'j Mofs Mi fie toe. Hangs down from ve- ry tall Trees almofl: covering them •, it's like Thread, Vviih here and there a few Kofcmary L^eaves. 107. Palm Miptoc. From an oval fat Buih-likp Knob, grows a Squill Leaf a Foot or more long, with 3 Ribs its full Length : thcfe are faid to be tooling, and very effeftual in eafing Pains. 108. The Monorchis. Has a round Root of a Filbert fize, with 2 or '3, velvety Leaves from 4 In- ches to a Foot long •, thefe have 2 Rows of fquarc bl-ickifli Spots on both Sides, as in fome Ferns -, at the Top grow 3 or 4 yellow fcentlefs two-leaved Flowers^ one of which is fpotted. 109. The Miijhroom Antidote. Grows 2 Foot high, the Leave; foft and infoliated •, its Flowers fm.al], white and 4 leaved, itt in a double Spike oi little Leaves •, the Root of a biting I'afte like Peiii- Tory : it's a great Counter-poyfon, and of fingular Virtue againit the eating of venomous Mufiroorns. 1 1 o. Fbru?n Muftard. Has ting red Leaves like Lupines., of a Marjerome Smth ; the whole i^lant is clammy, and at the fetting on of the Leaves thorny. 111. The Nettle. Grows 8 or 9 Foot high, and the Flower? much more branched than ours. 112. Nickars. From the Likenefs of the Seed CO Marbles fuch as Boys play with ; it's a thorny Hufh about the Bigr.efs of Bryar ; its Leaves lik<^ LiquoriHi, the LioU'ers yellow, and the Pods prickly. 113. Black 'Night 'Jhade. They ufc it much in Phyfick i th^ Biids love their Berries, 114. Occoeihbo. Has a thick crooked biting Rooty with broiid Lc^^ves^ green above, but rully u'fioss like i, ..am. J 1 5, ^hr* I :s: it flowers nil vhice and blue, ke 'J'anj^. \ down from ve- il's like Thread, r L.eaves. ^al fat .Bujh-likp or more long, e are faid to be ig Pains. )und Root of a eaves from 4 In- Rows of fquarc fome Ferns -, at itlefs two-leaved Grows 2 Foot ced •, its Flow en, double Spike oi 1 arte like Pelii. and of fingular M.1S Mi^/Joroorns. ;rcd Leaves like c whole J^lant is of the Leaves Foot high, and lan ours. efs of the Seed ; it's a thorny its Leaves lik<* and the PoJs jfc it much in 'J. :rooked biting )ovc, but rully J 1 5. Short of thefe Tarts, 115. Short Ohr. Grows about a yard high, the lluwen yellow like the Holly-oak^ with x dark Pur- ple Bottom : they c?c the green Pods boylM with Prpper, Oyl and Vinegar, 116. Cone Onbis. Has a T'ltlip-Yike Bulb, wliich boyl'd, they eat as Tains •, it bears 3 or 4 long white jcaly blowers, at the Top of a iingle Stalk. 1 17. Hollow-lcavW Orchis. From one Rool grow 5 or 6 Stalks, with a fingle hollow Leaf on each, from whence rife^ a Spike of iix-leaved purplifii plo'ivers. 118. Star Par/I\'. Grows half a yard high, and its Leaves fomewhat like Herb Paris •, its Plo-z:;ers pale Purple, fmall, and grow in Spikes, the licet fmclls like Par/I y. 119. Pearl Seed. From its Shining and IJar^- nefs i it rifes with 4 or 5 yellowifli Stalks trom one Hoot, with hairy Leaves, finely fcrrated. 120. Rundie Plantain, Bccaufc it bears its Floiv- ns in Whorles, compofed of 3 white Leaves, which grow on a Plantain-Wke Stalk near a yard high •, angular above, but round below. 121. Serrated Polypody. Grows about a vard hicdj^ with ferrated Leaves four Inches long, alter- naicly fet. 122. Trifoliate Polypody. Rifcs ? or 4 Foot high ; its Leaves have a fourfold Row of Spots on each Side the middle Rib. 123. Great Pumkin. Its Fruit llriatcd, round but fomewhat flattifli, mixt with white and red, but within yellow -, boyl'd or roafted in the Emb it eats well. 124. IVhite-headid Purfain. iind eat with Filh and F^Iefli ; diuretick. 125. Smooth-purple Purflain. Lavander, thick and juicy, the Stalks take Root ' Gs4 455 This tlicy pi' ^le it taftes well, and is The Leuvcs likr -I; 45^ 77:^^ Natural Hip or y at every Joynt ; its Fio'^crs pcntapetalous and purple. 126. PP'ooIiy Purjlain. Bears a five-leaved yellow Flozv-'}' like ours, let in a Kofe of 8 green Leaves ; its Seed fmall and black, lying in Wool, with which alio the Branches are covered. 127. Black Maid'^n Hair. Grows 2 Foot hkb, and bears rufty Seed. 128. White Maiden Hair. Becaufe the Stalks are covered with a white Meal, otherwife like the la(t. 129. Green Melon. From the Colour o." its Meat : thefe are often eat before Meals. 1^0. iVater Melnw. Are very pleafant, growing as big as one's Head, and round ; it's red where t'.e Seed lies ami white neiir the Shell ; they arc to he had rll the Year, but moil plentiful about Chnjl- ma.\ i^T, The Arrozv Reed. From its Ufe ; they grow about 20 Foot hi^h., has fomctimes a Branch or 2 towards the Top, the Leaves near 2 yards long. i;2. The 'thorny Reed. Grows 20 Foot or high- er, its Leaver about a yard and half long, grow al- ternately, 7, 8 or 9 on a Branch, which is thornv at ibfiing on : thefe, if not cut down in a few Months, fi'op up the Roads, fo that Travellers can- not p ifs •, they ufe them in their Journeys over Dc- fcrts to carry Water in. i;^;^. Clammy Rcft-harrow. Has many hairy ♦■;lammy Sfalks, partly creeping and upright, its Flczi-en yellow. 134. Rofe pcdded Refl- harrow. Grows a Foot and half high., dividing it felf into many Branches 1 its Seed black and warty. 135. Vroarf Rofe, Its Flowers pale Purple, re- fembling our Oleander, but the vSeed-veifel very fmall, includiiu" a flattifh brown Seed \ the Lca'VL fomevvhac hairy and grow by piirs. 1^6. JVUt: . % of ihefe Tarts, 136. White Rntt. RcfemHes ours, but the Leaves are notcht : they ufe the Roots fwhich fmell and tafte Hke Par/iy) to take out Freckles. 137. Angola Salht. Becaufe the Leaves and Flowers are eaten by their Blacks ; ir bears a Leaf about 4 Inches long, with 3 cordated fmall Leaves about a Bell-flower, i^H. Sarfaparilla. Is a thorny Bramble ; at the fctting on of each Leaf, which is 3 or 4 Inches broad, and fometimes 10 or 12 long, come out 2 Tendrels which fix themfelvcs to the neighbouring Plants : Its Berries grow in CluP:ers, of near the Cherry fize^ and wrinkled like them when dry, each has i or 2 hard Stones, with a white Kernel. 139. Oil Seed. Its Leaves whitifh, grow moftly oppofite -, the Flowers of the Shi.pe of Fcx-gloves^ but fmall and white •, the Pods are 4 Square, which when ripe fheds its brown Seed. 140. Semper vive. Sends forth 20 or more fliarp thorny edged thick Leaves^ a Foot or ^'ig » whence rifes a double Stalk of yellow hollow Flow- ers cut into fix Parts. 141. Silver-head. A fmall leaning Plant, bear- ing a nlvery Head, with purplifh Threads, which fTiell faintiv of Violets. 142. Snake-Herb. Is fomewhat hairy •, the Leaves grow oppofite, fernued and whicifli under- neath ; at the Joynts come fmall gvi^m Flowers with a Blufh of red ; the whole Plant is milky: being bruifed and applied, it's an excellent Remedy a- gainll the Bites of Serpents or other Wounds. 143. White Snake Herb. Soinevvh.\c larger than the lafl: ; the Flow-irs tetrapetalouh ;ind white : r!ie Milk of this is faid to be good to take away the Pain and Rednefs of the Eyes. 144. Soldanella or Sea-bindweed. The whole Plant is very milky : it Muiri ics Flowers after Noon. 457 < I, i^ la:, Rofemarv m 458 The Natural Hi/lory 145. Rofcmary-Ieaved Solojuori's Seal. Grows near a Foot high, and divides into many Branches. 146. Purple Sorrel. Its Leaves and Stalks very juicy like Purjlain ; the Top of the Stalk fliuts in- to another ^ fquare one, with triangular Branches, on which grow many purple five-leaved /''^wtv.* ; the Plant has a grateful Sowernefs, and is much cl- tcemed as a Sallet. 147. ll^bite Sorrel. Grows 7 or 8 Inches high^ with Leaves like Mujlard i at the Top grows a long Spike of fmall white FloiversWkit our Sheep Sorrel. 148. The S^iill. Has 3 or 4 Leaves near Inlf a yard long, aixi about 4 Inches where broadeft, net- ted with green Veins. 149. Rats I'ail. Grows near 2 Foot h'lgh^ each Joynt hath 4, 5, or more narrow notcht Leaves ;f different Sizes •, at the Top grows a taper Spikv' a Foot long, fill'd all about with blueilh Floucn of 5 Leaves^ each fmelling fomething like a Viok' 150. Broad Rats Tall. Like the laft, h\xt Si>mi broader. 151. Germander Rats Tail. Its Leaves grow in pairs, fer rated and hairy, the Floivers ftand on a Jong Spike, are four-leaved and red, refembling S%tcheilor''s Buttons. 152. Citron Tbirne. Grows 4 or 5 Foot bi^hy branches at each Joynt, where grows 2 fharp- point- ed notcht Leaves ; its Flowers fmall and pale bluu growing in a Spike 2 or 3 Inches long : This Plani has a grateful Stient of Citrons mixt with Bawm, which It retains feme Years dry. 153. 'Toad-hane. Becaufe it's faid t\\t Leaves kv. Seeds rubb'd on a Toads Back immediately kills hinr This Herb is alfo a great Counter-poyfon againii all venomous Creatures, the Leaves chewed bite lik Mujidvd', they boyl 1, wichFifh. i."4 :4. h. '- \ \ of thefe Tarts. 154. LoVif Trefoil. Bears a Spike of purple Bowers ; its Pods refemble the Horfi-Sbo? yefck^ but being rough, they eafily Hick like a Burr to the Cloarhs. 155. Prickly Trefoil. Grows about 2 Foot high, fprcading into many prickly Branches ; its Flowers of a grecnifh white, ftand on Inch Footilalks •, the Plant fmclls like Fanugreed. 156. Blueifh Tkrnfole. Grows a yard bigb^ has hairy Barrage Leaves -, at the Top grows a Spike JO or 12 Inches long, bcfet with blue and yellow Flo'ivers^ which produce triangular Seed, like 5,Yr/c- .'heat. 157. H^bite Turnfnle, Like the laft, but Sralks bigger. Leaves fofter, Flowers live-lcavcd and white, Seed round. 158. The Dljfentrkk Vo*>v.t. This is a leaning Plant i towards the Ton of which g'ow 6 or 8 vei- ny foft Leaves j amidlt: thcfe comes a fmall Head of a dozen or more five-leaved white Floivrrs, vvhich are fucceeded by dark red Berries^ each in- cluding 2 fmall Secil > it grows in moill Woods. 1 59. Vmheluitei Wbarle. Is a fmall leaning Plant, with a quadrangular hairy Stalk and Nettie Leaver growing oppolite; from thefe come a Tuft of deep l\irplc galeated Flowers ftanding on a long Footfbalk. \bo. 2\'lloW'%viUow Herb. Grows a Foot bigb^ :.;iS Swellings on the Stalks near the Koot i its L'aves grow alternately, are notciit and hairy, at, the Top grow $ or 4 yellow live leaved Flowers^ with Threads of the fiime. 161. Twine-zvood. Bears Tults of fmall white five-leaved I'weet Flowers ; the Leaves arc- 4 Inches long, ferrated and pointed, 162, Purple I'avi. Its Root, Stalky and Veins of •rs Leaves being of chai Colour.. 459 16: St, ^Ir & f li^ 1 ,,, 1 ; V ] I. ^: i i si li \ - 1 ^^0 7>^^ Natural Hijlory, &c. i6^. 5/. Thoma Tarn, Is fo vail a Creeper, that one Plant will quickly cover a fmall Garden i its Stalks welted, the Leaves grow by pairs and corda- ted, the Root large*, its outer Coat brown, the Inner yellowifh *, the Meat white and full of milky Juice. 164. Round Tarn, From th** Root which ij white raw, but when boy I'd red : it's a dray ling Plant, with cordated Leaves, and fometimes ear'd. 16^. fVhiieTafn. Its /^i?o/ being of that Colour, th: Leaves fingle and cordated. cAn '^^ t; '1 A -si, 461 and lometimes ear'd. eing of that Colour, Jn Expedition of a Body ofEng- lifh-men to the Gold Mines of Spanilh America, in 1702. with the many firange Adven- tures that bejel them in that bold Undertaking. By Na- thaniel Davis. BEing fenfible that many Times there is but little Credit given to Adventures of this kind ; and that the bare affirming of this Relation in particular to be true, will hardly go down with fome People, without better Autho- rity : The Reader for his further Satisfaction, is defired to take Notice j that this is really an Ac- count given more at large by one of the Adven- turers, of what was but very briefly and defedl- ively inferted in the Lo Wo a/- Gazette, of February 8. 1702. in Words to this Effed, which fhall ferve here as the Contents of that which is to follow. That 9 or lo Engli/h Privateers, had at- tacked a Place upon the Continent called Toloti Cor rather Tcb.') about lo Leagues from Cartha- gena^ which they took, plunder'd and burnt ; and that from thence they failed to Caledonia^ rowed up the River of Darien^ and ingratiatiiig themfelves with the Indians^ were by them con- ducted to the Gold Mines of Sanl:^ Cruz de Canay r«'' near >'%> m IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 ■^ Uii 12.2 1.1 r-^Ka {{{{{1.25 III IX III 1.6 ^ 6" ► Hiotogr^hic Sciences Corporalion 23 WfST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) •72-4503 ^ '.^V^ iV 4 \ ? ^^ \t ■ ^A m. ■ :!M J Si V r: ■\ J 4^2 D A V I SV Expedition « near San5fa Maria; and that after they had march. * ed 9 Days, they fell in with an Outguard of ihe ^ Spaniards^ of whom they took 9 ; but the others * efcaping, gave Notice at the Mines of their Ap- « proach. So that the richeft of the Inhabitants * fled with their Money and Jewels : that however, * the Englijh took the Fort and poflefled themfelves * of" the Mines, where about 70 Negroes remain'd, ' whom they fet to work during the one and twcn- * ty Days they continned there ; in which Time * they got about 80 Pounds Weight of Gold, be- * fides feveral Pieces of Plate, which they found * burycd in the Ground by the Inhabitants ; and * that at their Return they burnt the Town, and * brought away the Negroes. *' ■% '% %' ^ * -t- '% •% * ■% '% ^' * '% ■% '% '% .*• •% '% •*. 'i. D A V J sV Expedition to Gold-Mines. the IN the Year 1702. Colonel Peter Beckford, Lieu- tenant-Govcrnour of the Ifland of Jamaica, ha- ving granted CommilTions to the 4 following Sloops to go a Privateering againft the French and Spani- ards^ viz. the Baftamento, having 74 Men and 8 Guns, under the Command of Captain John RaJJj ; the 'Thomas and Elizabeth^ Captain Murray, 63 Men and 8 Guns -, the Ph^fjix^ Captain Plowman, 56 Men and 8 Guns, and the Bleffing, Captain Bro'u;}?, 79 Men and 10 Guns. We fet Sail from Jamaica the 24th of July, in order to make the bcft of our way cO the SpaniJI: Coaft. On the 28th, at 6 in the Evening, they made the IHand of Pahna: And next Morning, the Baflamen- to and the BleJJing, flood clofe in to the Shore •, in beinc; to the Gold Mines^ &c. being agreed that the other Sloops fhould ftand in to the Weft-end of the Ifland ; and about 9 Captain Rajh ordered the Canoa, to be mann'd and arm'd, and went himfelf to fee if they cou*d take .^ny Peo- ple in order for Guides ; but at 6 in the Evening return'd without any Prifoners. However, obferving 2 petty Oagers ("that were cut out of a Tree all or one piecej under the Shore, the Captains RaJh and Browne took one of them, with an old and young Man in it, but no Money. The other in Company, Captain Browne fired at, but could not come up with -, fo he made his Efcape. But for all this, our 2 Prifoners could give us but little Intelligence, for they knew nothing of a War ; but faid it was expedbed by the Spani- ards. Neither could Captain Murraf^ 2 Prifoners he took upon the Ifland, which were an Indian and a Negroe, give but little Account of any Thing we defir'd to be inform*d in. Hereupon our Commanders confulting together what to undertake, it was agreed, that Capt. Browns and Capt. Murray lliou'd go into 'Tholoe which is a rich Town, and Detachments to be made from the other two Sloops, which we left at Palma^ one of the Friends Iflands, for furthering our Defigns ; all the Commanders went with us, except Plowman^ who was indifpofed : They landed on the 31ft at Night in a fandy Bay, about 4 Miles from the Town, and Orders were prefently given to march, Capt. RaJh with his Company in the Van, Capt. Browne in the Center, and Capt. Murra';; with Plow- tnan*s Men was in the Rear : Our Guide was the Indian before mentioned : We marched, being in all Two Hundred and Seventeen, along the Sea- fide, very faft, up to the Knees in V/ater, and I be- lieve we were not above an Hour before we halted at the Walls of the CafUe, not Piftol-Shot off, we having Orders from our Commanders to march clofc 4<55 ^•l 1 -1 • 1:7 ■■ '^ ilii'^llll:' 464 Davis his Expedition clofe up to the Walls : We were prefently challen« ged by the Centinel, who called for the Captain ol the Guard, and fired on us not above one Volley of fmall Shot *, they were anfwered by us in ihe Van in the fame Language i after which we prefently en :er'd the Fort, they all forfaking it, as they did the Town, without making any Oppofition \ we in the Van had like to have had much Damage by our own Men's Mifmanagement : For no fooner was the Van engag'd, but the Center and Rear fired in amongft us, and being dark, and not having Room enough for 6 Men to march abreaft, it was very good Fortune we loft no more Men than we did. I cannot alTert it for Truth, but believe Capt. Browne was fliot through tiie Head by our own People, of which Wound he inftantly dyed ; one John EUs was fliot through the Body, and likewife one Edward Hag^ett into the Shoulder, bodi of our Sloop's Crew : \Ve took Care as foon as we took the Town, to fet a Main-guard at the Caftle, and another in the Church, and Centinels all round it: Then we began to look about for Plunder, but the Inhabitants having fome Intelligence of our Defign, had 2 Days before conveyed all their Riches into the Country •, fo that there was not left fo much as a filver Candleftick in their Churches, which was very mortifying to us, fince we rcckon'd upon the fharing near 200 Pounds a Man. All the People we found here was a M«//rt//d- Woman, and one Man ; we took 4 Slaves, and redeemed 4 Englifi- Men, who were taken Prifoners by them in Tra- ding. When we had plunder'd as much as we could. Orders were given to fire the Town, which we did, and fpiked up their Guns *, but we could not carry them off, by Reafon our Craft was but Canoes and Petty-Oagers, and hardly big enough to carry oflf our Men and Plunder. We embarked at 2 in the Afternoon, and no fooner were we a- bcard, ' ■i to tie Geld Mines, 6cc. board, and out of the Reach of Shot, but feme Spanianis that lay fculking in the Woods, came out antl fired at us, to liiovv us they were not all kill'd. 1 cannot tell what Number of them wa;i flain, but believe there were feveral, by Kcafon of our firing into the Woods and Bullies, whole Vol- leys, but could not fee them, it being fuch a woody Country, and it would not have been fiife for us to follow them, having a whole Country to en- gage with a Handful of Men: About 4 the lame Afternoon we all got aboard our Sloops, and made the bell of our way to the Ifland of Palwa^ where our other 2 Sloops lay ; about 7 we anchored there, and made ready for the burying of Capt. Brozvj:*s Corps, which was carryed alhore, and interr'd on that Ifland, with all the Solemnity that the Place and our Circumltance would allo»v of: This done, they fet Sail on the 31ft in the Evening i'ov^hcSam- balloes-Ki-ys, in order to joyn the relt of their Co:i- forts. On the :;d of Auguft^ we loft Company with the 'Thomas and Elizabeth^ and Pbcciiix, and in the Inte- rim it was agreed, that Capt. Brown^s, Sloop fliould be commanded by Capt. Chriilian^ who was a Vo- luntier on board us -, he being an old experienc'd Soldier and Privateer, very brave and juft in all his Anions. On the 4th at 9 in the Morning we made the Land, it bearing North Weft about 6 Leagues, which proved to be Golden liland. On the eighth we ftood in clofe to the Land, the Wind at N. we flood along the Shore, N. W. by W. in order to get in amongft the Keys, for there we defign'd to anchor. On the 9th, we faw 2 Sail, under the Shore, and fending our Canoa to difcover what they were, they proved to be the Dragon-Gall^ Capt. Pi!kington^ aad the Grey-hound, Capt. John Goiding, who had Vol. III. Hh b^^ca 4<55 }\ y li ■^^- V M 1 1, »'. "I 544 to the Gold Mines y 6cc. been treating with fome French Py rates on Articles*, that it' they would rubmit and conic in, they rhoifkl be p.irdoncd. On the loth, there was a Canoa Tent afhore for Water, tlie Fy rates giving them leave, and to Wood alfo; they piit up a Flag of Truce, in Order to have Commerce with us, and feveral of them came aboard: We treated them very handfomely, but were forced to have z of our Men afliore for Moil- ages : Moil of them were French, I think there was but one Fn^lJh-mAn and 2 Duicb-inen among them, they being in all about 8oo Perfons. Their Craft is no bigger than Perty-Oagcrs, but they have done a great deal ofMifchief, both to the S pamards :[nd all other Nations they could mailer, and have been very barbarous in their A(5tions, by mur- dering of feveral that have fallen into their Hands. They have lived among thefe Indians lo Years, moft of them are marry'd among thcm^ and have got very confiderable Sums of Money: They would have ventur'd to come aboard us, and ilay'd with us, if their Pardon could be cer- tain *, for they feem'd to be weary of the Courfe of Life they tollow'd. As foon as we got our Wa- ter aboard, we in the Bajlamcnto failed in order to joyn our Conforts at the Samballoes Keys •, we having agreed to meet there before our going out of Jamai- ca, from whence they fet out 5 Days before us. Capt. Pilkington informed us, that the Glocejier and Sea-Horfe Men of War, had been engaged with the Fort at Portobel, and that they landed above ;^oo Men from the Sloops •, but that before they could get into the Town, the Glocefter Spring of his C-a- ble, gave way, which made them leave off firing, and go ofi^* ; out Capt. Pilkington the Day before, had deluded fome Spaniards off, making them be- lieve he came to trade, detained about 7000 Pieces ol Eight, before they had any Intelligence of the War, and -i^S^ DAVIS'/ Expedition And had got a confiderable Summ morf, had it not been diicovered by one Allen, an yr///;-Man, who was Interpreter to the Glocijhr \ and lb our Dcfign mifcarricd on that Place. All our Company being met together at the Sam- ballots Keys, the foremention'd t'-auh Pirates came aboard us, and we lent a Meliengcr up to Don Pe- (bo, King of the LJianSy to know if he would come down, and agree to fuch Articles as we fhould propofe to him, to join with us againil the Spanianh \ he readily complied, and propoled to take ^500 Indians with him, in order to cut a Pal- fage thro' the Woods, tor our Men to march up to the Mines \ the French Pirates refolved alfo to go with us, provided they Ihould have an equal Share with us, rind ('if pofliblcj we procured them their Pardon : But an unadvifed Word dropp'd by one of our Captains, made them decline the Expedition, and quite break otF- However, they were fo honou- rable, that they promifed to keep the Spafiiards they had clofe Prifoners for 5 or 6 Weeks, by which Time we might have finiihed our Deiign, that fo no Intelligence might be given of the P.ne- my : The King of the Indians continued aboard the Neptune vi\t\\ his Retinue ; he is a very fcnfihle Man, and was brought up amongll the French ■^LzMartinico^ fpeaks French, Spanifi, and broken Fnglijh, and al- fo writes it, which no other Indian can do in his Country, and feemed very defirous of a Corrcf- pondence with us ; and on the f4th in the Evening there came 130 of the beft of the Pirates, v/ith the Confent of the reft, on Board. On the 15th Don Pedro, accompanied by fome of our Captains and others, went alhore, and treat- ed them at his Houfe very nobly, after the Man- ner of his Country •, they had Provilions very Plenty of all Sorts, but they had no other Drink but Mulhlaw^ made of Puuitains, and Chit^ made H h 2 of 455 •1 M iii Pi' 1 \ i 'il kp! Il ifpl^' 4f'« D A V I S 'j Expedition of /"rrZ/Vz// Corn and Water boiled, the m.inner of it is thus, a pared of Old Women chew the Corn, and then drop it into a Calahajh^ iVom whence they put it to boil, and I'o drink it. On the 1 6th Don Pedro returned, with our Captains, and brought feveral of his Wives and Grandees to attend him, with 14 bidians, which were to fcrve for Pilots up the River in our Canoes ; one of the V/omcn was Pedro* s Wife, who was very richly dreft, with Corals, and other Stones, which were put on Strings, round her Hands, Arms, Legs, and Neck, to a very great value : I was informed by Captain ChrijUan that he had feveral Wives more, and that he had had a Chiki by one of his ovvn Daughters, and that that is very common among them i it is their way, that when- ever they Marry their Da^ighters, that the Father (if able) lies with them firll, if Ihe is a Maid, and if the Father is very Old, and paH: his Labour, then the Eldeft Son does that Office, and the next day all his and her Friends meet, and put them to- gethev : This Captain Chrijiian is very well acquain- ted with all their Methods, for he lived among them fome Years, when he was out a Roving on the' Ac- county as the Jamaica Men call it, but it is downright Pirating, they making their own Commiflions on the Capllane. This done we fet Sail, and on the 19th arrived near the Barkadcers, or the place of landing, the River we went up was one of tlie pleafantcft that ever I was in, being very broad, and deep enough for any Ship to ride in, if they could get over the Bar that lies at the Mouth of it ', there were very pleafant 7>ees on both fides, and all manner of Fifh and Fowl in it ; Parrots were as plenty here as Sparrows are at a Farmer's Barn Door in England at Thrafhing time, and Monkeys like Flocks of 'Sheep on a Common, but we durit not fire for fear of to the Gold Mines, 6cc! of any Spanijij-hidian fliould be looking out and difcovcr us : About nvelve we ruriiM inia another River on the Right-hand, not fo broad as the other which brought us into a Lagoone ; about four we got into it, it being a large Bay •, Land all round us, only imail Creeks, which carry us up to the Bankadeers or landing Places, but no J loufes near you, except it were Huts, which arc built by tra- velling /;; 47 i D A V 1 S'j ExpeMtton our Men irr'ngin'd it to be within a Stone's cad of i leaven, and wouKl willingly have tarry'd there, tfpccially beinp nnicli wearied with the Fati^riic they underwent, and fuppofing they Ihould never conic a^.iin To near the bhl'sful Region. We pilUii over three Rivers on the ;?othi and being wiihiii two miles of the Town of Cam^ a Spamard who was let on the look-out, was difcovei'd by our Forlorn, and was (hot dead by Captain Gnuldin^ ; wc goc into the Savannah fas they call it) about eleven, but Aich an one, as I believe, was never leen before, for we were up to the Crutches, go- ing up to the Town in Mud and Dirt ; feveral of our Men damnify'd their Arms and Ammunition. Captain Giiiuly and GouLUh^ with Pedro^ being in the Van, with about fifty Eugiijh and thirty huliaii.^ fell on as loon as they came within Gun-lhot, and our People not coming up, as faft as they coukl, if it had been dry, Ga^idy made a halt, but it was noc above two or three Minutes, the refl marching as fail as polfible tojoyn them. The Spaniards fee- ing no more of us in Number flood a fmall Bruih, biir difcovcring the refl, quickly retired from the 'J own to a Hill in the Woods i however, we took fow^c IVifoners, and thence marching up to the liiil, which was naturally very flrong, we quickly drove them thence, and fei/.ing what Booty they J'.'ft there, we carryed it into the Church, as we did next Day, what Gold and Silver, with Rings and other rich iMoveables, we could get in the Town. On the firll of September we fent out a Company of our Men, with Spaniards and Negroes^ to wafh tiie Gold from the Oare ; the Mine is on the fide of a great Hill, above Thirty Yards deep, and jcveral Caves run into the Hill flirther than any one would venture to go *, the Oare they dig out of it is a ibrt of a mixture of Rock, which after it is dug out of the Mine is brought to the Mill, which to the Cold Mines y &c.' which grinds it fmall, and ihen 'tis wafhed, made up into the form of Bricks, and lodged in Houfcs built at the Mine for that purpofj, \)vcr which a Guard is let, with a Captain and Governonr to fee that the King is not cheated : After it has lain fome Ihort time in thofe Ilonfcs, th^n it is walh'd a fecond time, and fo cleared of the Drofs or fomc rocky Part wherewith it's irjtermiyed till there re- mains pure Gold. They make a great quantity of Gold every Day they work ; we made live pound weight and nine Ounces in Icfs than a Day. Every tiling here fells at an Extravagant Rate, as a pound of Sugar at hfteen Shillings, and fo proportionably for all things elfe i they carry what GoKl they make every fix Weeks to Panama^ which is ftven Days Journey from this Town. The Town was now fearch'd more narrowly, when we found more Gold and Plate. Next Day our Scouts brought in more Spaniards and Negroes^ than we had already in our Power, fome of whom we fent with a Guard to the Mine to waHi theOare, of whicli they made fix pound weight. We fent twenty four Negroes on the third into the Mine, who brought eight Pounds of Gold : Now it was, that we began to puniih fomc of the S/'aniards and Ncgrors^ to make tb.cni dlfcover where they had hid their Trealurc ; the Cnptain of tiie Mine (who was our Prilbner) we ty'd up by the Neck fo long, till he was almolt dead, yec could get nothing out of him, nor the reli, whom we punilhed in the fame manner ; the Priefts having it feems, given tiiern the Sacrament not to dif- cover any thing upon pain of Damnation. But though we couid procure nothing this way, we made however fourteen poured weight of Gold on the 4th, as we did flxteen on the next ; when we thouglit it time to kill Beci, and other Provilions, and get Mules ready to carry our lick Men over rlic 471 'I \J^'- t-^tt % \% ' ';, M: ?V!, (, i f'\\.u 46 s D A V I S'x Expedition the Savannahs : As we were leaving the Town on the 7rh, there was an old Prieft who could hardly creep, at whom Pedro fired his Gun, but feeino- \i had not done any Execution, he took up a great Stone and beat the poor Fellows Brains out, which Barbarity the white Men much difliked ; then we fired the Town, wherein I guefs there might be a- bout nine hundred Houfes, but one Church ; it Jycs from Caledonia S. W. about fixteen leagues ; lb that our defign in marching fo flir about, was to come upon them undifcovcred. Indeed, fuch a Marrh, was never undertaken befor •, by any, but fomc French Pyrate^i, who alter they went lome part of the way, returned again. Having got over the Savannah on the 7th, \vc were the x\\\itQ. rucceedin" Da /s much incommoded in our March, c rpecially with our fick Men •, but on the eleventh, wc got up to a large Indian Town, where wc joyned all together-, but the Indians were very unkind to us, for we co^^ld get little of any fort of Provifions without ten times the value ot it ; fo that fcarcity began to creep in among us, mod of our Shoes were worn out •, fo that forty or fifty Shillings was a common Price for an ok) pair i others gave as much to have their Guns carry'di if we had fuch a Train of Women after us, as ufually follows a Camp, they might have got more Plunder, than forty Ihares amounted to, for any thing above a Pound weight was fo troiible- fome, that it was furely flung away \ it is indeed almoft incredible what Hardlhip we endured, wc having throughout the whole Expedition, except when at the Town, endured excelTive hunger, travelling dill over nothing but Mountains and Rivers, lying always in the Rain, for we never had it fair in the Night, and nothing to comfort us. Things went no better with us the fucceeding Days, but at length on the eighteenth we arrived within to the Gold Mines, Sec, within five Miles of the Barkadeers -, from whence Capt. Chriflian was lent with a Party of Men to Capt. Robins^ to fee if it was pofiiblc to get the Pirates down aboard the Sloops, but few of them would truft us : Captain Robhis, who was an Indian^ and of confiderable Authority there, having been dilbbliged before our letting out upon our Expe- dition, becaufe he was not invited to dine with Von Pedro and the reft of the Captains', threatned to kill any EngUJh-nitn that came to them for the future. Having got all things in a readinefs, and cm- bark'd on board our Sloops by the 21ft, the Com- manders held a Confultation, wherein it was agreed, that Articles fliould be drawn to renew the Confort- fhip for one Month, and that we fhould divide in- to three Squadrons -, the Neptune^ Bkffing, Edward and Sarah, lliould cruize off Portohel for one Month, and the Phenix, Thomas, Elizabeth and Content, ihould cruize off Carthagcna, and the Baftamento*s, Greyhound and Dragon, fliould be aC the Rivers Mouth of Jacco, till they all returned, which was agreed upon in a Months time, and then we defigned to go up the River. It will be unnecellary, as v/cll as too tedious for us, to follow tbele three fmall Squadrons in their refoedive Cruifmgs \ 'tis fufficient to obferve, that they met with no great matter of Booty, efpeci- ally thofe whofe Station it was to be about the Mouth of Jacco, who in the fpace of five Months, that they continue(' in thefe Parts, could never hear of any Tidings of 201 white Men, befides Negroes^ who fome time b-xure went up tho River of Jacco^ in order either to trade with die Jacco Indians^ who have a great deal of Gold, or to join with them againft a rich Spanijh Town in that Country ; and lb gave them over in a manner for loft. F I N J S, 465 ; (' i M J^- IL i| r U f 1 M ! (HI * 1 'ifin 1 i/ INDEX To Mr. PFJ FER's Voyages. A. r A "Dultery^ hoxo puni/hedVzg, Arr at Portobel, 307 at Panama, 212 AU'rgatPrs, 5:53 A ma pal' a Gu/ph, 378 Anguilla, i^j L^w^-Cr^&j, 332 AnhnaL of the Ifthmus, 528 Ants, 339 Arica, 387 A{\i'l/ley 2p5 Authors firfl Voyage^ 269. fe- cond Voyage^ 270. firfl meets Mr* Dampier, 271. Misfor- tuHci in pajjing the Ifthmus, ib. g^eat Hardjhps^ 272, ^0 283. narroxoly escapes Droromnir, 283. his fear of the Indians, 281. [ets out for the North' S^aa feco7idtimjy 283. bleeds LacentaV i <7Jj>, 285. his re» pute among iha Indians, ib. gets leave of Lacenta to depart, 288. fds out a third time for the North- Seas^ ib. arrives at the Se^X'fjde^ 29O. vieets with the Privateers^ 292. his chafing about the Weft-Indies roith Mr, Dampier, 293. ar. rival at Virginia, 294. goes a fecond time with Mr. &n- pier into the South-Sea, ami parts with him there, ib. Voy- age continued, 378. arrives at Penfilvania, 398. and Vir- ginia again, ibid. B. Bantam, 267 BarcaderoeS) or Landing placei, " 268 Baftimcnto's J/le, 271, 303 Bats, 3^8 Bees, 339 BczoiT-ftones in Mocha Sheep^ 384 Bihhy-tree and Fruit, 28 1 , 5 18 and Oil, 318 Birds of the I fthmus. 3 3 4j 3 3 7 Blood-letting, 28 s Bocca Drago, 5»7 Toro, 5C7 Bonanos, Tree and Fruit, 31P Bowman (William) his narrovo Efcape, 277 Brahl, 3^;7 Buckenham {Capt.) taken Vtij'o- fovrr, 270. hard Ufage, 211 V 1 i;wi''it'':i ^ c. Calahaflj'tree^ 321 Canes ^ :j20 C^xzt-Bayy 296^ 29% Cartagena, 270, 293 Caffava Roots and Bread, 326 Cats^ much efteemed by the In- dians, 3:50 Cavally.fifh^ 3(|.o Cedars^ 2 1 6 Chagre-72/7;/?r, 298, 307, 310 Chainsy Ornawental^ 335 Cheapo- River ^ 28 1 , ; ( o Chepelio-///.?, 3 1 3 Chi caly 'Chic aly^ Birdy 334 Coco- l/liy 7p9 NutTree^ 318,380 Combs ui'd by the Indians, 345 Conception-7dit/^r, 2p8, 302 Qo\\%0'River, 309 Conjuring, 290 Cookery, ;7o Copayapo-72/t;^r, 385 Coquimbo, 382 Cormorants y 338 Corofou'Bird^ 334 Cotton - Tree, 283,336 Conchs, 342 Crabs ^ Land^ 332 INDEX. Diver/Ion^ Dogs, 340 357 J [ Drmk^ E. Earthquake feh at Sea, 391. 5'/)//'j C(/^ /ar c« Land by them, ' 5p3^ 3.7t Education, ^6o Emplnyn,entSy 35?j 3^5 312 — 5 381,391 Gar-fifhy 341 Garachina, 308, 312 Guatimala Government, 312 Gopfon Ricliard) diesy 29? G0/J5 286 Golden-^^^i-wij 271, 299 GoLl'Rivery 285, 308, 382 Gorgonia, 382 GourJsy 322 Guadw, 381 GuanocSy 333, 381 Guavia, 381 * Sea^ Ill) lib Ul l-i'' r: t* :■:'! , Sea'Gulls^ I N D 338 H. Habits of the chief Indians, 350, "^53- of the otbsr Men and Women^ Hair^ Hillsy Hogsy Honyy Horn, Cape^ Horfesy HoiifeSy Huntings Husbandry y amaica. 354,359>&- 345> 347 328 339 3P+ 393 354 367 358 I. 270 269 3P4 375) 388 26p amby Tbivw, Jefuits Bark, lihor, Indians twr^ ^/ji? Author, 27J. are d'lfpleafed, 274. confu.lt to kill the Author and his Com" "pany^ 275. aftsrvoards receive them kindly y and vohy, 282. Conjuring^ 2po. their Sta» turey Feature Sy &c. 344 cutting off their Hair on kiU ling an Enemy y 345. xohite Indians, 346. painting them- felves^ 348. Ornaments of both 5'ft'jf6?j, 350, &c. Houfesy 354, &c. Plantationsy and Husbavdryy 3 56. H^^w^jwj Em- ploymentiy 359. Lying-iny 3^0. Education of Children ^ih, ;;6ij &c, JV/fi-WJ Employ }jjentSy 362. Marriages and Feafts^ 36^, 564. Recreations, -^(if^. Hunt- ing and Cookery y :^6'/j 270. Travellings 371, Numters E X. /7«^ Cakulationy ^72, &;c. Language and Pronuncimion^ 377. Good Qualities^ 273, 27^, 282,367,380. i>W, 366,^67 ^^y-^^^^> 3311^^8 i^/^wt/j on each fide //;^ HHimus, 296, 201 Ifthmus 0/ Daricn ; ;^j hn^aMh^ Sec. 294. SftuatioHy :;96. //'/// &c. 396. Rivers, 298. iVorf/;- 5^^ G?^/? d:fcribedy 298. &c. South-Sea Coaf^j 307, &c. .9oz/, 313. tVooJj, 2p7, :^ 14. ..^T ^wJ Weather, ; 16. F/ocJj, 281, 315. Vegetable's, :^i 6. Beafti and Reptilesy 328. i?;rJj ^wj //jf/;;^ /;-/«?t^7j, 338. Inhabi- tants^ 344 L Lacenta his Ciyilityy 27«5. Pj/ Man^ rove trees ^ 3 o 3 > 3 2 5 Marriages ^ 363 Mice, ; 3 o St. Michaels GuJph, 2<;6, 308, 30^? Mi fare of Plantaim, 3 38 Mocha- /fie, 3^ 3 > 3 V 3 Modefiy of thelndi^Lns, 350,362 Monkeys, 330, 382 iWoc«.hbednefs with drinking Coco- milk, 380 INDEX. ana ma, rarjcoodi, Fi//j, FuriJkifrSy o. O// 0/ BibbybcrrieSj • Olive ^ 0/ the Solditr-InfcBs f its y^ert II '^s Old VViz;.'/, a Fifh, Oranges^ Oyfters, P. Pachc^ue //Iund^ 318 388 »> -J o 388 382 295,306,311 340 335 Varrotfijh, 342 i^^7tr<2tr/w^', or Conjuring, 2p3 Pearl- ijlands^ 296, 3 1 5 PtCdry^ Beafi, 328 Fehcan, 537 Penfilvania, 5^8 Fepper, 326 Peiica //?,?, 311)3^5 Fcrixvinkks, 342 Sta-Piesj 338 Fine- apples ^ Fruity 320 Pines I/land^ 500 Pifca, 381 Plantains, 319 plantations, 358 P/i7f^j o« t/j^ Co^^ (?/ Peru, 381 Provifions, 367 Punta mala, 311 Quolla, or Landing-place^ 269 Qiiam, i^Vn/, 334 Rabbits^ Rain, Rats^ R. 330 478, 3 Hj"^^'^ Realeja, ,^^' ,- i i, ii"l !'!! '/M ! ' I ! li Ml'!): ^ -P ut 3 ]I,H m ■ViVl! liir: I Realeia, RecreatJonsy Rio-graiiJcj RfVtrSy ijOty I N D 378 31 2 37P E X. Stormsy Supiir, Su^ar-Canesy 388 323 T. S. ^4+ 308 302 301 Salt how ma.by Sambo- River, Samballoes i'hanmly Samba Hoes Iflt;Sy Samball.^s Fa'inty ^ Santa, $h?p^ cafi a-ground there, Santa Mnria, 271, :;o8, 393 Sappatltllosi Tree and Fruity 3 1 9 Savjmi tbi, 310 Scrivan Port, 30; Sculpins^ F'l'J/y 342 Sea- Gil! hy 138 Sea-ph'Sy ib. Scjchadcro, 309 Sharks y 340 Sheepy 9 $ ^ Shelt-fi/Jjy 342 5'/ji/'J cap fame Milei on the Shore, Shining Fly, SholeSy Silk-grafsy Smoakingy Snakesy Snooks FifJj, Soil of the Ifthmus, Soldier Infe3y La Sounds A'l?}', i'^Mf A Sea Coaft of the Ifthmus, 307 Spaniih Indians, 30$ Spaniards deftroy Mocha, ^c. 39? Spider {y 5^1 Sprijiger'j Keyy 301 Stingrays Fij/j^ 342 324 340 ib. Tarpotii, Fi/hy Terra del Fucgo, Theft, Thundery Tigers, - — Teethy TimCy the Indians computation of lobiiccOy 327 Tortoifcy 581 Travellingy zjOy 371 Tr^d^j, 301 ) 516 V. ValleySy Venta de Cruzes, Vcnniny Vermej'Oj dead Bodies there, 38^; 296 510 138 2a 327 3+2 2p8, 313 331 301 w. Warree Beafi, Wariy Wiitdr^ n\7Xy Wratherf Weavingy Wine La Nafca, Pifra, ^c. Womeny WoOdSy Wood peckrry Woody light y redy white. 354j35Piib- ^^i 3M 32; 3:6 324 Y. Ylo River, Yanky (Captain) 7,26 * 388 INDEX INDEX to the Additions. A Cac'i A. la. Ad;im 8 Apple Amarinth-Jike Hcib Aloes Anda Angelin Ants ; feveral forts Ant- Bear, two forts Apple, Ball, Bread, Lc &c. 4^8 444 lb. ib. ib. 424 ?99 42p. 431. ^ove, white flowered, Hoary, ^c. Apples, 440. Apple Pine) 444 Armadillo great, lefTcr and Round- headed Arnotto Arfmart Avens Awl-filh. ArbeK two (orts, B. feveral fortSj 39P 4;8 444 lb, 410 41 '*-' Bottatas Bees; feveral forts Beetle; feveral forts Berries Berry (Sea) Befom-wecJ Rill- Bird ', the difterent forts, 462 ,411 444 424 4^5 430 444 445 Bur-budii B.ilh (Cotton^ Biitton-iice Buttons Cycllow) Butterflies C. /^Alabafli-trce, ^^ leaved Calavances f ground) Camaras Campion (Srar) Canibal j feveral forts Canes Canow tree Capficums Carp, two forts Caflii Caterpillars, Catkin Cats Twild) Chaffinch 445 2b. 445 42s Three- 445 445 . 44.6 tb: 411 446 4^1 447 4-. I 425, £^c. 447 399 435 412 Bill-filh Bindweed Blite Blood-fifh Bodiano, two forts Bofchralte, Bralil-wood Calavancies Broom Cwflted) Bugs B'jr 411 445 tb. tb. %99 431 43i? 445 438 CharJone, 447. yellow, ib. Cherries 43i)€S^^» Chickweed 447 Chitty, how made 468 Cliniers 447 Cocks -foot 448 Coco and Coral Trees 432 Cod 418 Copaiba- Balfom 42^ Cotton- weed 4^8 Crabs ; feveral forts, 41 8, ^c. Cray-tilh 420 Crevife ib. Crocodile 42 1 Cucumber 448 Cup Tree 436 Curlew; fevers 1 forts 402 Cypcrus 448 li D. J^'- n ?. Ill h:" «: !• n >)• •1 -'.1 I- ' it i ■ ' INDEX. D. -■-^ Dock 448 Dogsbane jb. Dolphin j^i2 Drac;ons (Applc-rootcJ) 449 Duck J fevcral Ibrts, 4'^3,£^^. t. "P Agle, two foits •■--' Eartluiurs 455 Ebony Edders Eel-g^ir Elder (thrum^ Elecampane Elephant-Hog Eilridges T? Erns F. 403 44? 4; 2 44$? 415 4^:2 449 40 406 44$> •*- Pinboard, and the other forts, ^. r, 412, 4' 3 Fire- Root 4-; 6 Filh, Hound, Jacket, Iron, ^c. 4H)4iS Flax 449 Fleabane 450 Flies 426,427 Flower, Tree, Cure, Sweer, £ifc, 4'^^. Ho wer« Fence, Dwarf, Feather, Horn, £^(,. Foxglove G. GErmandcr Ginger Gnats Gold Mines dcfcriijci Gourds, 4-^2. Borrl Gum tree H. LT Ang-neft, two forts 406 -■■ ■■ Head Gold, bard, £^c. 41 5 Heart-wort 4C2 Hemlock 4^^ Heron, fcveral forts 404 Hog, Horned, Sea, s^c. 413,414 Hop-tree 440 Horchound 4^3 Humming-bird ; feveral forts, 404, 405 Hunchback 402 I, T Raracia's 454 -* ]eflamine 4«j2 Indians^ their Incefliious way of living, 468. Defcribed, 450 Indico, Bafe, (^c. 453 Ingas 4''4 Iron- wood Notwort K. l^nuw.vTt.t 4«iO tb. 4«^o :b. 427 472 Ivy, i^c. 451 Granadillas 435? Graii), Flower, Feather, g^fj. 451, 452 Ground fcl 452 Guana 421 h 4v K -^ Water Lilly Lizzird Looftrifes Locufts M. Vf Ackarel *-^'- Mai442 Poiipody's 455 Pongie, great and fmall 400 Porcupine 4^^>4*5 ib, 408 441 ib. ib. 408 4S0 435 455 Fortobely attempted by the Gio- cefter^ 8cc, 466 PofTum ij.01 Privateers, arrive at the Ifles of FaJMOy 465 They take Tholoe,/^6^. fee out for the Gold Mines, 469, take SanBa Maria de Cana^ 472, their Anions at the Gold Mines, ib. Return, wth the Pa'-iculars, 462, £3^0. Pumpkin 455 Purflains 45 5>45^ Pyrates, ^French) 455 Abbit, collar'd. Hog, Iong« nofcd and fpotted 48 1 Rackoon ib. Reeds, Arrow, thorny, £^c, 45^ R eft-Harrows ib, River-Hog 400 River-Tree 436 Rod, Balfamick, &c. 442 Rofe-Trees, 4^6 Rot white) 457 S. C Allet (Angola) 457 ^ Salt-Tree 436 Sarfaparilla 457 Sea- Swine 396 Seed (Oil) 457 Sempervive ib. Scnfible Plants 442 Shark, feveral forts 416 Ship-Nuts 420 Shrew- Moufe 400 Silk-Finger Elder 432 Silver- Head 457 SI oath 401 Snakes, feveral forts, 422, ^c. Snake Hsrbs 457 Soldanella 457 Solomons I N n K X. ' '.I I ' Solomns Seal 445 SoncI, Purple) 4^8 ?yp.irrow fcveral forts 4: 8 Spiders 428 Spikes CCoIJcn) • 44:} Spoonbill 402 Squill 458 Squirrel (ftriped^ 40 r Starling, fcveral forts 408 Stock-Fifh 41; Sugar- Cane 443 T. TA»l,Hard,GoIJ,£^c.4i(5,4i7 Katstail 458 Tairera, two forts 412 T^holoe ( Teh ) taken by the Privateers 464 Thornbackj fevcial forts 417 Thornberry 44^ Time (Citror.,/ 458 Titmoufe, two forts 406 Toad-baiK 458 Trefoils Turtle ; fcveral forts Turnfole U. UNicorn-^iTd Vomit rDiflcntrick) W. WAgafthorny) ' ' Water Hen j fcveral forts, 404. Waved Torch WhavlcCumbclhted) Wide-mouth, two forts Yellow Willow Herb, Wood-pecker; fevcral forts 405? Wood Cabinet, Camel 437 4SJ^ 409 45P 402 455? 457 443 43? 41; 5 459 Wood r twine) Y. Y Ams ^ Yellow-trees Yellow Violct-trcc 45i? 45P, 460 4?7 443 ^ .K' ,t'M i'l^lit' 'If' ' ' '' \\ forts 4SJ^ 409 U. 45P rd 402 Dificntrick) W. 45P )rny) 437 Hen J fevcral forts. 404 Hated) 443 459 two forts 4^6 f Herb, fevcral forts 459 409 , Camel 1 4?7 Y. 459 455?, 4do es 437 'tree 443