^^.^'^'V^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1^12^8 |2.5 lip "^~ H^H ■^ l&i 12.2 2f 134 "■■ Iff |4£ 12.0 I 1.8 F^ll'-^ 1'-^ < 6" ► ^ ^;; %' Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. USSO (716)873-4503 ^ j^A :^ r/i CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Tachnical and Bibliographic Notas/Nota* tachniquaa at bibiiographiquat Tha Inatituta liaa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy avaiiabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographicaliy uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction. or which may aignlficantiy changa tha uauai mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. L'Inatitut a microfilm* la maiiiaur axamplaira qu'll lui a it* pr««ibla da aa procurer. Laa dAtaila da cat axamplaLa qui aont paut-*tra uniquaa du point da vua bibllographiqua. qui pauvant modiflar una imaga raproduita, ou qui pauvant axigar una modification dana la mAthoda normala da fiimaga aont indiquia ci-daaaoua. r~n Coiourad covara/ 1 1 Couvartura da couiaur -^ Coiourad pagas/ Pagas da couiaur 1 1 Covara damagad/ L— 1 Couvartura andommngAa D Pagas damagad/ Pagaa andommagiaa 1 Covara raatorad and/or iaminatad/ l_ Couvartura raataurte at/ou paiiicuiAa y Pagas raatorad and/or iaminatad/ Pagas rastauriaa at/ou paiiiculAaa Covar titia miaaing/ La titra da couvartura manqua ~ Pagas discoiourad, stainad or foxad/ Pagas dAcoiorias, tachatias ou piquias Coiourad mapa/ 1 — 1 Cartas gtegraphiquas an couiaur ^^ Pagas datachad/ Pagas ditachias 1 1 Coiourad ink (i.a. othar than biua or black)/ 1 — 1 Encra da couiaur (i.a. autra qua biaua ou noira) 1/ Showthrough/ Transparanca Thac toth( Thai poaal of th fiimii Origii bagir thaii sion, othai first I sion. or iili I I Coiourad piatas and/or illustrations/ D D D D Planchas at/ou Illustrations an couiaur Bound with othar matarial/ Rail* avac d'autres documantb Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serrie peut causer da I'ombre ou de la distortion la long de la marge intirieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Wh'^never possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certainas pages blanches ajoutias lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans la texte, mais, lorsque cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont pas it* filmies. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplimentalres; D D D n Quality of print varies/ Qualit* inigale da I'impraasion Includes supplementary material/ Comprand du matiriel supplimentaire Only edition available/ Seule Edition diaponibia Pages wholly or partially obscured by e. rata slips, tissues, etc., have been ref limed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, una pelure, etc., ont kxh filmAes A nouveau de fa^on A obtenir la meilleure image possible. The I shall TINU whici Mapi diffei entiri begin right requi meth This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux de reduction indiqu* ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X J J 12X 16X aox 24X 28X 32X The copy film«d h«r« hat b—n raproduc«d thanks to tha ganarosity of: Library off tha Public Archivas of Canada L'axamplaira film* fut raproduit grica A la ginArosltA da: La bibliothiqua dat Archivas publiquas du Canada Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality posslbia consldaring tha condition and laglblllty of tha original crtpy and In kaaping with tha filming contract spm:lflcations. Original eoplas In printad papar covars ara fllmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or lllustratad impraa- sion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original copias ara filmad baginning on tha first paga with a printad or lllustratad impras- sion. and anding on tha last paga with a printad or lllustratad imprassion. Tha last recordad frama on aach microficha shall contain tha symbol — ^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol ▼ (moaning "END"), whichavar applias. Laa Imagas suh/antas ont At* raproduitas avac la plus grand soln, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattat* da l'axamplaira film*, at an conformity avac las conditions du contrat da fllmaga. Las axamplairas originaux dont la couvartura an paplar ast ImprimAa sont filmte an commandant par la pramlar plat at an tarminant salt par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'Imprasslon ou d'illustration, soit par la sacond plat, salon la cas. Tous las autras axamplairas originaux sont ffilmis an comman9ant par la pramlira paga qui comporta una amprainta d'Imprasslon ou d'illustration at an tarminant par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una talla amprainta. Un das symbolas suivants apparaltra sur la darnlAra imaga da chaqua microfficha, salon la cas: la symbols -^ signifia "A SUIVRE", la symbols V signlffia "FIN". Maps, platas, charts, ate, may ba filmad at difffarant raduction ratios. Thosa too larga to ba antiraly includad in ona axposura ara filmad baginning in tha uppar laft hand cornar, laft to right and top to bottom, as many framas as raquirad. Tha following diagrams lllustrata tha method: Las cartas, pianchas, tablaaux, ate, pauvant Atra filmfo A dan taux da reduction diff Grants. Lorsqua la Oocumant ast trop grand pour Atra raproduit an ur saul clichA, 11 ast filmA A partir da I'angia supAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droita. at da haut an t as, an pranant la nombra d'Imagas nicaisalra. Las diagrammas suivants lllustrant la m^thoda. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 |4UPS0JSI'S IB/cY F^OUTE. Interesting and Instructive Lecture by E. P. Lea- cock, Esq., M. P. P. Evidence from History as to tlie Navigatality of ilie Bay and Straits, The fnllowing mIiU- Icctiiiv was deliv orwl on Friday nd : MiifXilored heritage. King Heniy \ II titled out several expeditions, enii)loying .IS iris discoverer one Sehastieii Tlahor who, aitcording to all acconiit.s, was a na- tive of tin,' city of Bristol. It wa.s in the | year 14UH that Cabot aaileay is the year i !t)H), wiun Hudson, whose na.iu; it has, .-nice borne, sailed fruiu England on the l'>tli of April, in a vessel named the i ■ Discoverie,' a vessel of sexenty tons, i in which he penotiat-.Hl into the bay, and I H.iiled all aiound it. At last, anding on : the Southern short>, he pa.ssed tht- winter i "f ]l»10-Il there, and st;vrt.ed in tlie i M[iring to return northward, and uiany of \ V'Vikiiowthe history of how a nuitiiiy ; breaking (tilt amon;; tln' r-rcv. this gal- j i.iut ex]»lorer , W \s Ml KliKl;Kl> 1 ■vitli his princii>al othcers. The inuti- ; noers, however, fortunately for us, took ; the little " Discoverie " back to Knglaiul ^ with the precious record of iier \i>yagi' ■ind her explorations; and on the .^trengih ' of this, in l obtained, anoljicr expedition was titted out by Batliii with tlifsauM- vessel in the follovvimr year; and his charts and phms may l)e held to be the hnal exploration of the Hudson's Bay in so far as the e.iily di.s'-overers of America were concerned. It was not again till tin; year ItiTO that the Hud.son's Bay appears prominently in history. In that year Chitrles II. no do l)oabt wishing to tind a suitable re- warany to exjilore and develop tliis vast, region. It was in that year that tin- company of ailvcnturerstrading into Hud .son's liay received its cliarter Froiu the Or('Wii Till. HISTOKV of that cliarter has been so often and .so freely discussed in this Province that it is needless for nu' to deal with iinything coniu'cted with it, excejit in so far a.s it may ati'ect the subject we now have undei discus.sion. The first seotlements m;ide by the company were at James Bay, at Fo)t Churchill and at Hayes" Biver. B.iil it .appears that the i>ul)lic wen- not satis- tied with tlie develoi>ment made 1)y the comjia!>y, for in 174!* the records of the English Parliament show us th.it an iip- plication was made to cancel the chartei' of the Hudson's Bay Company as a non- user. It was, howevei', shown by tin- compfuiy before a committee of Pailia- meut tiiat. though they h;ul only hvc forts, and all of the.se were on or near the bay, tiieir trade was V(>ry large and proHtable, indeed ; that the number of their emjiloycs/vasconsideiidde ; and the 2 trade they took in aiul "iit nf the lliul- ' HoiiM M;iy \v;i.s such as t>> thonmuhly | justify the eoiiuiiittee in inlvisiii^' fh') House t(t allow all their privili.Lfes to he i contiiinent, to | tnrn hack to the i|Uestion of navi<_Mtion. In ITU.holihs tells im thii.ta vessi.l wlii- h '' was leaving Hud.son's I5ay late ii. the fall went into a lit* h' inlet to ol>tain water, and while she wa.s tlun'e, lloatini^ to the entrance of tlie creek, blocked ]u!i' passage, and her ei-ew pre- pared to piiss the \vint(^r theiv ; but a ehaiiLje of wind towards the inirldli' of I)ecend)er movetl the iceberg from the mouth of the iidet, and the vessel .sailed throujifh the straits on Chi-istmaa iJay, j witliout meeting .'iny ice to impede her i pa.sHage. A record has i>cen kej)t liy the , Hudson's liay ( 'ompany .11 H.-iyes' lliver I for lifry yeais, and that record shows I that the river has i)ien ojten an avejage I of six months in the year. Th»^re ciUi be I no doubt I think that tlu' H. 15. (\.. di.l j not kee]> this record \\it.h any view of its \ ever being useay was good. No one can accu.se the cor.ipauy of having ever been j too anxious to open up trade into' this region ; and therefore, the ] record ke|it by their employes, i evidently for their own information, and 1 without any view to the purpose for j wliich it is ,ind will l)e now used, luut-i be taktui as the heat i'\!t)l!sT I'.WCKH I ha.'i alway.s been anticipated by them in i the months (>f Junt! and .Jul\. The I'liited States, with their nsua' enter- ' prise, li.iAc not neghcted tlie Hudson's Hay ri'gion; and we tind by their official i retnnisni tlu- years ISti;;-.}-.'!-!) that theii- uhalei's took out of tju^ lliulson's Bay. more than .«;l,(.>t)U,0()0 worth of whale oil i arid whalebone. We find that in JH74 ; ivnd the years ]»recediug, fifty \dyages of i I'liiti'd States ve.ssels had been made, i and that the [iroHt returned tothelniti'd | States (iovernmiiit » a.s i>J,li7l,'HlO. \Vi; ; lind no record of losses, and 1 on (the othei- hand Mr. Era.s- tu.s \\ iman, a gentleman whose! onteryiri.se hius been in everything which is jounected with the development i>f the continent, has obbiined report.s from all the ea]>tains of wliaUrs t'.iat he could, and from what \w 6l,ates, ho finds them all agreed that the navigation of the liud- hoUH liay is open all the year. Such authority as thi.s can haivlly be iloubttd, and I cauiiot undei-staud why .so much ly. The Hud.son's ]>ay Company havi' m.'uleabdut ('■">" \oy;i;es in ;ind oul of the straits, ami Wi; find few losses mentioned. The one tliat is most s|»oken of is tliat of TWO vt;s.si;i.s which wore h»8t on Mansfield Island in the year 1804; but we tind that flu cap tains had been visiting on l»oard an American whaler, and it is to be feared that tlu! liosjiitality of our Anierie.in cousins had overeome the skippiirs' know ledge of navigatiiui. York Factory has kept its record of voyages foi' nniety-two years, and Moose Fact^iiy for 14(» years; and a few blanks which occur in these records show that the voyages were con- tinuous, and that loss and danger never interfered with the navigation at that time. It is even m be wondered that the H. B. Co. did not lose more vessels, f«0' in order to send their outfits to the dith-r- I'lit j)osts throughout the interior their ve.s.sels alw.iys came in through tin/ straitis Jis early as possible, very often nrrivini; about the ir»th of duly, which on all hands is agreed to ht> the worst time I'f the year for navigation. it is surprising then how, entering just at till' season when the ice flow was mosi jirevali!!)!, they escaped with so lit tie loss. Till' difliculty which is most [ire- .seiitud is the harbors being closed for six months in the year ; but, 1 would iisk, an- not t^uebee and Montreal ue-bound for almost a like jieriod i And, it seems to me, if these pcn'ts can caiTy on tlu great trade they do, it is no reason wh\ ports further north should be eon- ,'locto(l. lint, tViiiii what wo ciui j^iithrr as to tho iiuaii- ut\ and i|iiality iif tlu' tisli. thfio is in> .liin.stiuii l>iit, with a liiu; to a [tort on thi- lfi!(l.soii'sBay,aii imuioiise uobee is from Toronto. !''"r mon; than L'OO years from two to iivi; sailing vessels on an average, fre- (|Uoiitly with warships convoying them, liiivo sailed annu.dly from Europe and Amorita to Port Nelson and other ports oii Hiid.son'.s liay, and have i-eturned with cargoes the .same season, and have iMturnod via tho «>nly available route, Hudson's Si raits. " I would now turn tor ;i moment to the (|Uestion of har- li.'rs. Fort Chunhill is availalile for vos.sels drawing oO feet of w.ater, and is entered by. a pas.sage half a mile wiile, and twelve fathom.s deei>. riie nnchorage, tested now for iwii centuries, lias proved a goouiul and so dangerous that vossels cannot penotiate into it. Vet wo, tiiui tliai the French of that day did not regard the Hudson's l>ay navigation witli that teri'or with whicli sf their finest ships (»f war, La Perouse, into the Huds(U)'ft Hay to destroy this fort. rr w.vs ii(t.\iii,M:hi:i>, ami, after a gallant resistiince, surreii derod and was dismantled by the French. So Hudson's Bay adds war and .strif*' to its history as an inland sea. AiiotluM' authority. Sir 'i. 11. LeFroy. President I'f the British ( Joograjihical So( iety, speaking at Swansea, in IHStt, said : - " York I'actory. which in nearer Liver- pool than Now York, has been called the Archangel of tho West, (/hurchill, however, although .some fartiier north, offers far su[)erior advantages, and may fairly challenge the title. It w ill undoubtedly liecome the futuie sliip- l>ing point for the agricultural ]>ioducts of the vast Northwest Territory, and the route by whicli iiumigrants will entor the country." Willi such testimony wo can- not help a.grt;eing with the editor of ''Canada in !'.((•;{ ' who speaks oi ! Churchill as a town with 400,000 inhab- itants. Thirty large rivers empty into Hudson's Bay. The Moose liiver is witle for .some ilistance up, but too slial i low for large vessels to l)e al)lo to navi- I gate it. Tlie Nolsoii llivoj' is the largest ' of all ; its length is 400 miles. It falls 1 700 feet from the time it leaves Lake I Winniiieg to the time it emjities into the baj . It remains oi>eu, as far a.s can lie j learned from any available source, for an I average of over six months in the year. I There is a (piostioii, howe\er, as to I wliether it would bo available for the I navigation of large vos.sels. as there is j said to be a bar at its mouth which would : re(|uire transshipment of caigoos in i lightti's. Thus far. Mr. Presiilent, i I have touched on the I.istoiy of UIK. < ArAIUI.l riK.s ' of tho Hudson s Bay and the country sur- rounding it ; on its liaibort;, its rivers, its piipduct , its future ; audi think I have isliown that, if Calujt in I4'.'S, lludsoi. hi lii|0.(iil)bons in UilJ!, Battin in K1.14, ami [ hundreds of others since, aiiti amongst t'leui tho fathers ot m.iny of , those whom f address to-uigiit, ' either m search of tratle or di.H'ovory. or, as your fathers came, hoping to found as tliey did found, the (irst .ngricultural . coluiiy in what is now termed the " Bulls ! eye of the Duminiou of Canada," felt uo t'ti.ir, and vvv it; aide to ventiirc thinii^li the liiidHi.irH iJay, tlicii the I'Mh century witli its sU'aiii. its iron slii]iK. its thonMand iiiitdt!]")! appliMieos, i-aunot lie afrairovince waiting its develojiment, allow- the pre jndiee and llic interests of a f(.:w to keep its natural channel of tnuh; dosed lo the outer World. I woidd now lirielly t;ike up tlie ijuestion of distances, whieli is really the key to tlu- whole matter. Tlio distance from New York to liiverpool is ;'>,040 miles ; from Montreal to T.iver])ool, 2,'.»1)0 ; from Churciiill to Liverpool, '2,- O'JCi. Hy sea llieu, {'luircluU is (14 miles lUMrcT to Livei|)ool than Montreal, and and 114 miles nearer than New Voik. Of couise sea freigiit is not an important matter, and it is really on the savinjj; of distance I'V hnid tliat wt; must rely for our strongest argument in favor of this route. TUK msT\N(K from W niiu[>eg to Montreal via Chicago is l,70;3 ndles, via the 0. I'. K.. 1,4:U miles. 'I'he dis' ; from W innijH'g to ChurclUl l)y th • st .•ii' Liveipoo] via Chicago and Montreal is 4,()fK» niile.s ; via liie C. V II. mid Montreal -1,424 mill's : from Winnipeg to Liverpool \ ia i.'hnrchill, o,r)7<» miles. Winnipeg, liien, is 1.117 miles nearer Liverpoolvia ( !hurchill tlian via Montreal, imd, e\en whi-n the (J. P. K. is built, the •Montreal route will be the longer by a\e liy travelling over the Uml.son's I'.iy route in going tid the future of which is so g'reatly spoken of a.s bound up with the int<^re8t,s of the .American transcontuiental lines and our own C P. FL, .shows that the route via \N innipeg atid Churchill has advantages which im other can oHe'\ The distance from Yokohama to Liverpool via New York is 12,0;{8 miles; via Montreal, Jl.OI!* miles; via Churchill, 0,902 miles, showing that .lapan will be abh; to send its products to the markets at Liverpool over the Churchill route when it is opened, with a saving of 1,117 miles. While our road triumi)hs over that Lj'iiug by New York by 2, 12(i miles. San Franci.sco eijually bo- comes tributary to the Hudson's Hay ine : and it is not astonishing that the great corporations in the .soutli, that the groat ciu'porations in E.ustem Canada, and that great coriioration running through oui- niidsi, should all unite witli the I'rovinces and Suites in the Eist to u alikt! .iHcctecl, and A V \sr TKAUK uiiiild '^ritw up hotwouii tliis luiniUy iiiid !|r! iiiotluir liiiul, which I would gladly Sil! dfVoloptld, hfCHUHl) I bcilil'Ac it wnuld UMid to uiako capit;il tlovv freely into this roiiiitry and make the people- at homo intereHtod in our future and our dcvoloj)- aieiit, and would renew and insure an iTa of proHperity of which, alas, we see too little to-day. Now, J would take up i'l If a moment the ohjcotioiis which have iiiMMi l»roii<.dit forward Ity a newspaper which, I regret to Hce, has alone, of all thi.' press in Manitoba, become tlu; herald 111 ihe opposition to the niidsun's Hay iiiute. 1 hatl often regretted thut the \\ innipey Times was not more ciriMilated ilian it is among the rural comnninititiK III this Pnviiiee, because it represents to .1 considerable degree the feelings of those with whom 1 .un in sympathy, but I liiii hardly rogret it now, wlien I see it -iiddenly becoming the chamjiioii vif the iijipositioii to what every farmer desires, and, unaware of the policy which the (iiivernnient of this (Mmntry, oi the in- haliitiUits of this Province may ado]»t, opposes and ojijiosesso weakly as itdoes ill its issue of the 2nd of January— a work which at lea.'>t should be coiisidered seriously, ,!nd should only be ccuidemned once its im[{ that ji.ijier on Jan. 2iid, 1 hnd FIVE KEASON.-! alleged as answers to a resolution passed iiy a meeting of farmers' delegates in this Province. It lirat asks if it is business like to urge the construction of the rail- way to Huilsons P>ay before the practi- •ability of that ocean route has bi e'n ueiiionstiHted. I think it is piT>babli! tliat that newRpa])er has the opportunity ■'i' loiiking at all the authorities, reports i> Parliament and blue books published Oh the subject; and if it is not satisfied with the jiracticability, at, least the pe())le "I Manitoba are; and 1 think no .[uostioii 'Mil he taken to that, wben 1 find from end to end of the ProviiRv the peo|tle ugmg the constnictiim of t'lis road. TJie !ii^\t ipiestioii is : What would he the laobable cost of building a road to I'ort Nelson and putting a fleet of vessels on the route i SujijiosiiiL;' it to be prai tica- iile, what wublie it will be alile to be placed in the hanilsof the lepieseiitat i is of the peoplo who will have t > deal with this (|Uefttion As for the cost of putting A Kl.KKT OK VESsKLs on this route, did the Tiniea rviu- hear of ;^raiii being in an elevator at a j)oint that trade did not come to' fetch it ' Hoes it siip^iose for a moment that the great steamship companies would not he but too refuly and too !,dad to «;;nd their vessels to fetch to the English market, not merely the erops from Manitoba and the other ('anadiau Northwest, bntalso from MinncHot4i, l>akotA. and other points in that portion of the continent ; and again, so far as the revenue goes, the revenue might bo nil, but the IVovinco would be a gainer, for the eiiorinous sas' ing in freight would bo such that a loss mi the rat^e would be ten times couiiteract^jd by the gain to the farmcf.i. Quot.tion ,'{ " Is it fair to ask the Dominion (;.,»■ ernment to cfintribiite, while yot it ha« the completion of clie C. P. U. oji its hands, to the development of a route tlnit wmilil practically litstnrv' a thousand miles of that road ! " Has any one yet imagined for a moment that the i)omiiiion tlovernmeiit was to be asked for mv direct assistance '. Has the statement ever fippearem the i.)o minion ({overnnieul ! Rut wha,f the peojile of Manit..ba will ask, and what the jieople of Manitolia will insist on having, is a fair and iiuparti.il chance to develop this route for tlu'inselves. They will ask TIIK DOMINION (JOVKRN.MRNT ii<.t to ])ut any obstacle in their way. and surely the Dominion (iovernment ]i;i;- done enough already in tlu; intere.^t'* of the C P. K., not to be bound to stifle an euterpri.sc having a northeasrerly direc- tion as its course, as it has stitieil one having a .southeasterly. -Vs f.»r that p,i,rt of the i|uestioii which says that it would destroy a thousanil miles of that road, the Times itself proves the necessity of vhis outlet to the farmer of IVr.uiifoba, for it shows that the destruction of a thou.sand miles of the C. P. U. would mean that the farmer could more cheaply and bettei" .sliip his grain to rhurcliill than he could to Montreal, (.'liarity begins at home, and I do not think that, uuicli as the ponplc of Manifol'ii I'lve tlif D.uniuion, j ontortainiiii» for a nuiment any wlioim^ tot- tlmy will be williiiu' f" HacriJia; tlu-ir in- | the ^uil^lill^' "f tlu? HihIsmu's May Kail- toivHts l(. a Koiitiii.tiital idi'a altoiit <>ur way must l)o that (he majority of tin; duty to tlic C. I'. II. Tlie fourth i]Uis st( the | tin- Province ot Munit^>ha. and tl)at tho ]iroji.'ct '. Mow couM it lamv the money ; control of that line of road must he \'e«teil hut hy iliiect taxation upon tlie farmers '" ;inosition. tlie_^ can s!i\c enough irom the freight on j .Vnother objection that is raised is that, their gmiii to pay that tax ten tiim:so\er, ! constitutionally, we have net the p<»wer they will be willing, and they will de- | to bonus the railway or to take any jtart niaiid, that the Legislature imi)o,se the | in its construction, because a great por- t-ax, and the jieoph receive the beiietit of j tion of it will be outside the limits of oui- thi.'? i:ite, The lifth t|Uestioii shows more | Province. This, however, I am told, the fully than any other the Wbakuess of the u])position ofl'ered to the scheme The Times asks, "Jiow could the Provincial (ioveniment juevent the Port Nelson road from falling into the hands of speeu- I'remicr has foreseen, and 1 hear that he is now on his way to Ottawa to ask for an KXTKN.-ilO.N Ol oil! l!(tlM).\l;li;s in a northerly ounropoiiiiiii(m clmrtfis liiivi.; iiliciiily boon ^(laiitod, botli in tlm year iSMJ. iind I l»elitjvo otliors are Ikmiii,' aii- ,1 1(1 fnr. < )nt of tlmsc olmrtors incliuli-.s iiiioiij^ itH ilirociors niun who are known iijiitalistH tlirougljoiit Canada, and Mil .ny tlifiii. partifuliirly, Mr. iVtcr i; .l|.ath, wlio liiiH foi' yearn rtMidiid in I i.luidand is a known man llu-re, and '\hi su luilp would In' of tho .str')ii!,'i'St on ,'.<■ I,oMiIoii iiiarkiit and in a^'itatiiiL,' |iul)- Ik' li'cling tlu-ro; and I .slioiild not tortfut ihai another yon tlenian wlio i.s connoctod •. itli tills cliartor is tho man win;, as it.s pit sidont, has juvn thi^ buildin;,' i>f thi- nly lino built in Manitoba as W KsrillKIV I\nKl>KM)KXT iM>.vn. i illiido to Mr. Duncan MyrArtliui, now \ ic- l*i'osidont, but formerly l're.'*idrnt 'I rlio Manilolia Northwustoni Railway, i lau testify that, but for tlio liaancial iliility of that f,'e7itloHian, and for the i."mai,'o, iind experience of the lion. C. r iirown, as Ins co-adjutor, that road uiHiM never have boon liuilt. If, with rlic tiitlieultio.s which met tliem these Uriitlonion and otheirt who were aa.sociated n ill them, were able to yain Hr^t the 'I iildin;,' of that lino, it ajtjtearh to nu? :li:if Mr, MacArthm's connection with ihiN new lino ia a 8tn)nii guaran*-ee that i.iii' matter will be pushod to a successful i.ssiu'. To you. m'litleiuon, it must be s itisf.ictory that a resident of IvUdonan i.s '1 the fore in this enterprise, as he is ibvav.'< to the fore in any o)itei[)risc which ii IS for itsobjoctthodo\-eh>i)iHentof (iiiire- .s urccs. Now, I think, it wouhl be use- !i'>s fur this company or any other, stronj^ .!> tile men miL,dit be, who od'.iiposo it. to iiffoijipt t<» lloat bonds on the Londin Miiu-ket with tlie o|)position they would lui-et from all the great American r<»ails, ...nd al.so from the Canadian ones. The schi'iiio would l)o cried down in London { i'« • uch a degree that it could not reason- j ibly liojie to meet: with any success, for 'ii' p )wer of all those great transatlanfic liii'-H united together would be a weight against whicli few, if any men conld com- l>.a successfully. IJut the plan whii^h 1 believe .should be adoj'ted is tliis : Let! the I'io\ ince of IV[;initoba issue its bonds i t '1 the sum reiiuirod to build the road, |tii(.!rKNT ! ''iiough its agtsnts Would have to assist ' tfieir being floated, for the credit of the Dominion is tied up to-day with tho credit of till Ncn-thwost. The C. P. It. Would not I'O aide to decry the socuritieB from tile iVoviiKo and the cimntr^ on which it depends for its future dividends, while tilt gloat orntral I'ails would hardly be HUi'i an authority against tiie I'ldvince of Manitoba as they nnght be against a railway .scheni''. In ret';rn for these bonds 1 wnld sMgi;«>t that the tiovern iiient of Manitoba should take from the railway company its ImuhIs to an oipiai amount, and as coi! iteral se<;urity siiould receive a iii.ijoiity ol the cajiital stock of the line, to be held by tru.stoos appointed by the Legislature of the Province, who should hoi 1 that stock subject to the direction of the Logislaturi'. which would l)e represonted '>n tho board of trustees of the coiiipany Viy conimi.ssii lers, wlio would always ha\ • a veto voii- as to the whole of the actions, buaimss, and all'aii's ot the coiiipuny. With this arrange- ment, 1 think, tlie interests of the Pro- viiiif Would be well socU'ed, and we should see in a slioil time a country, the diHorence in whose altairs would be ex- traordinary, and life \sould be renewed again, business wniild again tlock through our streets, .and [loople who have almost ceased to hope would hope again. We should lioai no more, as we havi; heard, of ANNEXATION' OH SKlKSSlON find lu ar no more disloyalty to liritain or to the I)omiiiioii ; but wo would seo this Province, aftorbeing taugiu asevere lesson by the boom of _ two years ago, takini^ advantage of its renewed jirosperity and built iij) on a solid couiiiurcial base of biisines.s and indu.stries which would gratliially form it into the gnat country \\hich w J all believe it is destined to be. Wo would .see in jilace of farmers leaving, •IS they are leaving to day, men flocking to our shoios from the overcrowded tlistricts of England. We would not luod then to send immigration agents to every little village in England, but the connection Viotwoiii Hiidsoirs Bay and ourselves Would bring a direct trade wldcli wouhi make this country known ; which would devoloj> the inti;rest wliich p-eople at hoiiii; took in us, and would lead them cheerfully to .send thoKo dearest to tliem to make their home in this land. For the man who is able, amidst the diHicul- tios, dangers and the opposition which lie will surely iiu'i^t, to bring about the result of !i road being built from Winnij'ogto Churchill, a future is ojjen such as few men are able to grasp in the history of the world. Ho will by hm wi clmnicp tho I ca«t uway tht-ir iloubU ami fcarB biuI iir«' trmlf .J \Vc8t.'i»i A.n.Ticu iii;, aii.lKla.Uo.u.l IImmI' till- iiuiii cOwson t..!<'f ^^ohv. w\u>, m tiio intcivHtH ..ftlio cany oiif this ^'Ivat intoiiniHc woru U> hv.\ Kust, or ol rival itintituti(>n« which uiijj;ht a ii;itiv«! nf ili(! Kcd Kii.T .sottk-iiient. l)o prejuduMally aHeotiKl hy it, aro es- uhility, hy hi.H oratniy, liy hiH taot, haant) . , i , to Mil- I'lvsiait ti.iir h'eld, as ).... has do I ^ l'^"i'''' "'"♦'*"'l and din-ply iii (.•anirnt, HoiM'dly luld, till' t'n.st i»liui! in tlu (i'.v j iu» tho pi'uplo of Manitoha t'vidiiitly an- enuiuMit of hin native Pn.viiu;.'. l liopo ,,n this siihje.-t, can hardly tail to acn-in forward il and to defeat the luachiiiatioiia and 1 trust that it is rcBcrvi d forliiiii ti stMiiii! as a iiowuin;' act in liiw career of plish their ohject. The early opening up if llie route wliiclt irivcK inonii^e ol usefulness this gfat 1 n for Mie land I '" "'^' ''""*'' ^''"^" ''''^"* promise where he was horn ; anil pioud indeed ] revolutionizini,' the whole trade reliitii-ns will it he for you i>eni>le horn on the | of northern and wostoni America may hanks of this Ued HiNer, if one of ym- t)„.,.,f„j.^. ,,^. n.^Hdontly cunted on. Helve.v, iH the man (,,, l.irce tliioiiSO\'S H.i\ ISOriE. against us. The ('. I'. U. will brinm th<' dihiciilties i iJoniinion that they are ready to ili.scoiin- with which they are be.sct. i tunaiice any pro])o.sal whose i»rimary oli- < )ur farmers are appaiently more directly interested in the success of the propositi Route than others, but it is only ject is not to l)uild ti]) the Eastern Prov- inces at the expense i-f tho Northwest. The combiaed opjjosition of all these lias apipareiitly. Whatever is of imjiortance ; to be defeated before even the j)relimi- to them is of eijual importance to the i nary steps can be taken towards the open- wholi' conunuHity, since all are depend- [ ing up of the lloitto. entonthem. On their prosperity must. The battle will commence probably in be based any permanent prosi'ci'ity for a very few days, as it is announced as the counti-y. The Hudson's Bay scheme the intention of Premier Nonpiay to pro- has now been pretty fully di.scus.setl and oeed to Ottawa almost inuiiediately,' for the testimony for and against it carefully ' the purpose, it is said, of askiii,' from the weighed. It is safe to .say that the great Dominion tiuthorities certain coiice.->sions maj<>rity of tho people of Manitoba have I witiiout which this l'ro\ nice will be jire- li.s Miisninll Will «h; ivWilitiMl will' the (|,',|K»t iiiterusl. Much will ik'pcud on th. iittitiulo JiHsuiiiu'l hy liiiii ; ami it is ..f tlio utiii'iHt iiiipoi-tiiiKv tliiit hu sluiiild ii;.lir«tHi)il tliat lliu proplt! >>f Miiiiil-ilKi \^,iili.' HaiiHHtfd witli iiotliiiijj; lisH tliaii • i'- .KiupK'to 8iicoo8». Tlioy iiro tlior • lilv in oiiniest, hikI aliVL- ti tl u; I. (I ti'iiin giving to the schuiiic tlu' as i diHCOv«ry of mountains of gold. The Kut- .^tiitiiiiiii it letjiiircB. The oiittoiiif of | ern Provinoei and thf Atlantic Htatet would oppose the opening of the route, fur It would at once destroy their commercial supremacy : but every boily and ever) interest in the Northwest would hail it rjuite as euthus iastically as Mr. l/oaoock. The <"' V. R. authorities say they will nut put a Htoue in the way of those who arc l''^'> ^V.,■Bte,•n produce to th. Atlantic ports. :. ,,reHent relationship of Manitoba to '^■^'^ especially of the mcrch- ' . ^, ID' I ants and manufacturers of Kastern ,. Dumnuon, that tins rrovnice t>e em- „ , , ,, ^ , ^ * ^, »,t , , , . , Canada, who will not let go of the North ,,. . en d. by the necessary ex ens.un of ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^,.^j^^^^ ^ desperate struggle. .' , l..undarie8, to aid the Hudson s Hay ,j^^ ^,,^ practicability of the rout, has not Kulwayas it may see Ht, and the peoj.le y^^ t^^^^ demonstrated, and if Tut TrMK.s Aill uphold hiiu to the hist. He may ii^a incurred Mr. Leacock'a displeasure be nitoly icU Llveni at Ottawa tliat, .11 the cause it has warned the people not to be f.'n.i' of their refusal t-' assi.st liini, he can- . over-sanguine as to the success of the scheme, i I any on the (iovernment ol Mani- it cannot help ic. If the Local (ioverument • lia, nor can any other uuui not prepared can induce the Federal authorities to extend lu u.i to tlie foot of the throne and the northern boundaries of Minitoba to the fnitherif necessary for the purp" a position to lend its iulluence sii.h vital importance t.> our well-beini<. <>o ^^^ undertaking. As the bouudaiy 1;. people are