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(-"V^*" Keonomy quahUed With the cucung desigaation, rdrenchm.nt, i.s the or.ler of th. day; the question sand, pre-eminent ; everything depends on its b.in- carried out • it .ngages senons minds, and constitute. it,solf.a .subject of ^.n-ave oonsldo^ltina ; it absorb: every i,v,portant ma ter, and thrusts itself upon statesmen who look upon it wi h mi'tnm in consequence ot the injustice and misery which it IVequently ontai s ; it strives to com mend itsejt to the press ot" the country, which meets it with a decided n native and las ly It persuasively oilers itself to members who, before meeting it face to f,u3c, would vvlsho know Its past history, and consider the guarantee which it offers lor the fuUm Its history we write here. Stripped of its delusive beion^Mn.^s w. present it to the caieful examination and coo reasoning of our political men, with the hope that they m.v approoute and distinguish the difference between true economy and the transitoyeronomy which comes into oxisteuce tc ^ay to pass away to-morrow ^ ttonom^ To the P.epre.sentatives c the people we especially address ourselves ; we ask them to read the lollowmg hnes and .o consider th^m before sitting in judg,nont in a case wl ieh interests to an important degree, those children of the peopli ^^1,o hnv. dovo d t e energies to the public service. And in speaking of the children of the i.eople w ' use no incorrect term ; formerly, when education was in its infancy, to the privileied class be longed by right the distribution or rather the monopoly of patonage ; now hit the ,.il bnum IS restored, now that education is imparted to dl, the childreirof .he people h've pen • to be hiard""^ ^"'^' "' ' " ^'^'^ ""'^ '^''''^ '" *''"'• ^^' Buoi'/tlierefore) wo ask Strong in the justice of their cause they ask no favor other than that they may bp judged according to their deserts. Reason, enlightened by the teachings of the mst wil with ease distinguish between two systems of eeonomy,-one founded 0,1 reasons^ of sS and on justice, and the other based on parsimony and ruin ; good-will will do the rest I'O-ITKI^^O''^ J'UKLIC OFFICERS IN KNG:.AND AND FRANCi: it IS universally admitted that administrative organization is mo.st intluialely con- t"hafnl7. nV T 'T '"■S=^":f *'<^" «f ••' ^<^""lry. This principle is so essentially correct tha mo. of the hnropean Uovernmonts have vied with each other in takin/stens to Drotecfc their niriP-iv Thna l('r,,.l„„,J tr,ii...- 1 a_,^.- .> ,. ' i.i>'.-, stops lu '.axony and protect their olhcers. Thus England, Ilol'and, vUstria, Prussia, Bavari Bolgiuiii ! In Canad lie officers !vo thoii 'ht it rii-ht to a, on the contrary, nothing can are placed. Exposed to all provide retiring ailowancos for the servants of the State, more uncertain than the position in which pub- vicissitudes consequent upon precarious employ- meat, with difficulty, if at all, can they make any saving; to protect their old age from want. The victims of misfortune, of physical infirmity, or of an outcry for retrenchment, they maybe dismissed without indemnity ; and, after devoting all their youtli and all their en- ergy to the public service, may hud themselves in the streot without support, without sympathy, and ol'ten the objects of the cutting irony of thopc who once envied them their position. And let it not be thought that this is pure fiction, the invention of a too vivid imagin- ation ; the fact exists in all its stern reality. See that blind man led by the hand '■*' a little child who supports him ; he is an old official, he lost his sight in the full activity of duty ; for fourteen long years he congcientiously fulfilled his daily task ; he wore himsoif out in consideration of a small salary ; misfortune came upon him and he was dismissed ; that is to say, after profiting by his labour, after having had the benefit of Jiis services and his experience, he was coldly discarded like a useless and worn-out piece of furniture. As a contrast, let us turn to France and hear what Mr. Benoist has to say as to the salaries assigned to Officers in that country. He addresses the Chamhre des DcjmUs : — ,^ " I do not p'Tpose to enter at length into the question which is before the House. It appears to me that a gr' at principle is involved here, and that we are about to vote mi ma-ter^ most seriously affectinp; our .ndministrative organizition ; I may almost say, our social organization, lor all know the relative position that administrative organization oc- cupies w th rcgnrd to our social organization. " The question is this : — " Does the State owe to i's umployis proper remuneration during servic?, and again proper means of existence when, after service, they are no longer in a condition to perform any duty r" "As to the question thus put, there cm be no doubt; To me it is most clearly evi- dent that to the State this is a moral question, a question of efficient service, and further, a question of economy. " So closely does the State calculate the salaries which it gives to its omploy6s, that it must further calculate that those salaries have to serve two purposes : the present sup- port of the man who serves it, and the possible existence of the man, when he is no longer able to serve it." In Eogiand a statesman and financier of the highest distinction, Mr. Gladstone, again proved that one may boll high rank in the politics of his country, without by on- scquence ceasing to be a protector to tho-e whom Providence has placed under his control. In the House of Commons, in 18.57, on the subject of the riimuneration of public officers, he said : " It is greatly to bo desired that public officers should be contented and happy, for nothing in the world can b' nore truly prejudicial to tho public service than a feeling of general discontent, conseqm c upon absolute destitution or an idea of injustice. I know by experience that in Russia and other foreign countries, the great calamity which proves facal to the very germ of governmental life, is the existence of a body of public func- tionaries who are underpaid, discontented and corrupt. In this country we stand in no danger of corruption in that direction, but if we do not treat our public servants with jus- tice and equity, we must not be astonished if we have one day to chronicle a relaxation oi zeal and energy in tho public service. To exhibit parsimony towards persons employed in the departments of the public service is an erroneous and vicious principle." IS THE DIMINUTION OF SALARIES JUSTIFIABLE/ Having demonstrated that public employment in Canada is a service which is often ungrateful, and one which exposes tbose who engage in it to many mortifications, let us now consider the question of the diminution of salary to which it is proposed to subject the officers in tho service of the House of Commons. Is it just, is it equitable, is it humane, in view of there being no retiring fund, to subject to a tax of twelve and a half per cent, tho salaries of servants who are faithful, trustworthy, and devoted ? To this there can be no hesitation in replying in tho negative, the decision resting upon facts which cannot be disproved. Now, either these ofllccrs are useful, able and zealous, or they are quite the reverse. If it can bo proved that these employe's are indispensable, and that they do their dutyjwell; that among them there are men of known value, men of special attainments whom it would « I be difficult to replace, why brand them with a penaIty,--for every penalty is a brand ? On the other hand, if they arc useless, incapable and good for nothing, why, if the system which has been adopted with regard to the infirm is to prevail, not dismiss them without Rcruple and replace them by more able men for whom too high a price could not be paid ? Now, we contend that the staff of the House of Ooramona is composed of men of great iibihty. who will compare advantageously with officers of the same class in any part of the world. This wc shall presently show, in the meantime let us be permitted to oflFer in a concise manner, the few following reasons, in order to show the injustice of inflicting such E-evere cuastisemcnt on these victims of their good faith. 1st. Of the present employes of the House of Commons, the greater number have fol- Icwed Parliament in all its pere-rinations, from 1841 to 1867. What does this amount to " J he route will show: From Kingston to Montreal; from Montreal to Toronto: from Joronto to Quebec; from Quebec to Toronto; from Toronto to Quebec; and then from Quebec to Ottawa. We ask merchants, who have become lich, lawyers, notaries, and meoicai men, in what condition their finances would now be if, for twenty-six years, they had been the victims of such a perambulatory system ? And more ; wherever their evil star leads them, high prices accompany them. Scarcely had they set foot in Toronto when houses letting for £20 a year at once rose to £50 ; the same obtained at Quebeo • then come taxe-', which well-organized municipal administrations seem to increase on purpose for them. At last Providence, still watching over their lot, brings them to Ottawa alter many discomforts and losses. The Capital h not rich; trade is, comparatively, unde- veloped; rents arc doubled, and the taxes (more than 25 cents on the dollar) are exor- bitant , but there are means of escape— building lots are not dear. Many public officers ;it once buy land, and enter into contracts for the erection of permanent residences for themselves; everything seems to be going on satisfactorily, when once more their hopes are dashed, lor they are threatened by afresh calamity— their salaries arc to be diminished by 12^ per cent., and several are to be dismissed. In such a case, what is to be done ? How are they to fulfil their obligations to builders, architects, and othora ? Bankruptcy stares them in the face ; there is no escape ; the evil is without remedy. If the scheme of reduction is adopted, their ruin is no longer a problem, it is an unavoidable certainty. 2nd. There is now before Parliament a measure to fix the positions and salaries of persons employed in the civil service. By that law the remuneration of those officers is to be increased as they arc promoted. Thus, the salary of each dcputy-hoad of a department will amount in all to £SoO, or more ; the salaries of chief officers to £550, and those of first-class clerks to £450, and so downwards. If, therefore, the reduction, which it is pro- posed to make in the salaries of the officers of the Commons, is carried into effect, the lat- ter will be placed in a position of marked inferiority. Thus, the deputy head of the Com- mons (Mr. Lindsay) will receive a smaller salary than any deputy-head in the civil service • a chiei officer (such as Mr. Hartncy, or Mr. Badgley) will receive less than a chief officer in the civil service ; a special officer (Mr. Wicksteed, of the Law Department, or Mr. Todd, ot the Library) will receive a smaller amount of remuneration than that awarded to i.ny officer, with .special attainments, in the civil service. Again; the Civil Service Act jilainly provides that salaries of persons now employed shall remain to them intact during -ood behaviour. This fact alone shows the immense advantage conferred on the latter over the former, who.se salaries have to follow all the variations of the political thermometer— and arc liable to modificiition at the commencement of every Parliament, and even at every session. ' ' ' S. The exorbitant price of the necessaries of life is an incontrovertible fact. To know what it costs to live in the capital, one mr '^ have been a householder in that city A careful and exact calculation of rents, taxes, ti , cost of market produce and of all neces- sary articles will show tliat the average cost of living is 15 par cent greater than in any other city in Canada. This is susceptible of proof by figures which cannot be disputed. (-ertainly nothing more can be required to prove the proposition which is under con- sideration : that a reduction, at the present time, .if the relatively low salaries of the of- ficers of the House 01 Commoiis would be unjustifi ible ; yet the following worJs of Mr. Pasqualis, one of the moit remarkable men in Franc.' may bo here quot-^d. _ '_' L am of those who consider that the economy w'lic' bears upon salaries is false in principle ; that Civil Officers iur.st be well paid ; that it is mi-e to our advantf ge to have H small number of able and well paid employes jthan a large member of ill-paid and less efficient officer... T would [exacfc ^^eater {,'uarantee.s of capacity from those functionaries 10 return for greater cjuarantccs to theni of their security in their positions ""''"°°*"^' ." /J 'I '^^ }''n^\ 'mportanco to the Oovernmeufc to surround itself with men of foresight who w.ll br-ng to the performance of their public duties the same care Imt th "v ! rai'l 11 ""TTT^ "' :"'r P"^'^^" '^''^''- ^^^'" '^^^^ '"^» c°ter upon a way o^' hie. whic 1 w>ll only dlorJ th.m salaries insufficient to allow of their layin- up any snvin ", wh.ch tn.ght servo them for their support, when at the termination of^E^ir Lbouriey find themselves deprived of the means of livelihood? During the performance of puE duties a salary increasing as the Officer becomes more capable and does his duty Cer thus serves as an incitement to ivoll-doing, and as an encouragement to emulation " TUB OOVEllNMENT OP THE PROVINCE Of QUEBEC AND ITS OFnOERS. Knhr.^tS'LT^^Vr''^""^'',"'^ •''"°, ^^"^^'^sting strangely with the scheme of reduction bubmittcd to the House, IS the simultaneous action of the Governments of Quebec and On" ario in maiutaming intact the salaries of the old employes who came to them from die (.encral Government. The Prime Minister of the Province of Quebec rHon Mr Chau' veau) who warmly supported the cause of the officers in question wi h tha e oquence and p werfu logic which all acknowledge him to possess, was followed by the Mo Mr Dunlviu. ihis jmbhc man, the friend of Canadians of all origins eoun-eouslv faetrl the question of the just claims of officers in the course of that cle a'nJ iSbnttnan al tate.nent w uch =o ju.ty caused him at once to take^ high position as a deeply think Jt Officers of the Crown Lands Department transferred from Ottawa, he said • - ^' '"^^ _ _ 1 he House n,ay as well know tin.", Department is .me wo had to take from the Do njinion Mt Ottawa. Hb.ars on the establishment several gentlemen, old servrt. of th^ opartmcnt, whose salaries under the Civil Service Act ha'd grown even beyond tieoi^i - ary Ottawa scale. They came to us, and we had to determine whether we would r^fu«e to Itv ^^rrr^^'^'^^'TH'""^^^^^^^ ^'-^"^ down their salaricITn a mann ? not to.yicld to wf may be unreaso^'ISro? unfounded clamor for f Juc t'ofTlS a against men who were thrown on us, and who have served the country a lon^? me and ol whose abdtties wo were bound to make the best use we could. * * ^o°^^J™e,. anr^ there is no use .n my pretending to this House that the public business can be well done unles,s wc have got men enough to do it. It is my business to have the pubKc account' carefully kept and all manner of outside accounts thoroughly audited. Do you ^^0 tell me that it I find it requires eight or ten persons to do°the work.well 1 am servbTtl e public interest ID, leaving it to ,^ix or seven ? The thing is absurd; you must have he necessary number of men, and good men ; for a bad man is worse th'an no man at all Ind to get good men you must pay them a lair price." (Cheers ) ' wn.l^^VT''^ better conclude this part of our subject than by quoting the following words which are onnd in the address of the Speaker of the Lejslative Assembly of" Que: bee (Hon. Mr. Llanchet) to H.s Excellency the Lieutenant Governor on the occaskn of he prorogation Parliament; this is one of those official declarations which, in sucl mat ters, bear with great weight on the minds of rightly thinking men — _ "\V c have with much pleasure voted thesupplies required for the civil service, charitable institutions, education and other wants of the Province. ^Vhilc we admit that the e m'm s ances in winch Ve are placed exact ftom us extreme prudence, ur arc of olZZt there ,sno iru.,ronom^, ^ njusln^ what the cftckncy o/thcpnbl^ service and ^Urt muneratwn oj the pubiimen-ants require from u.<. ^uitjairrt A (3LANCF, AT THE IHITIES AND FUNCTIONS OF TUK OFFICERS OP THE HOUSE OF 003IM0NS. The changes which the Con.stitutional Act of neces.sity wrought in the workin- of the administrative orpumation, did not fail to entail, as was /xpected, a very eon iderabe « crease in the work of the several departments of the TInu«o nf Con^mon^ Thr =n ,# ; of^them the work has been doubled \nd trebled. J-^or th7 informS of new members who are not, as yet, initiated in all the inner mechanism by which the work of the House i Chrk. by the Hou3e7aL s respLsiblo fo Tt Tn ""l 't PPf °'^'^"'^« ^^^^' "moneys voted The Liiv f)('j)(iitmc)i/. Mr Wicki/3'^?-*' r^'i,'' '''° '"'•"^'^''^ ^'^' '''' ''^''' "f" translation, i. presided over by would appear beyond perlormancc. Mr. Wickstccd is assisted by Messr?ljXlev and tin v;ar!^Pr'Tr'""""'"'T{. ^'"-^-^ '^^-"^ ^^"^^ ^••^ replaced by othes every Srtceu office Alone has translated 4,500 pages, and a proportionate amount of translation has been performed by the English translators. Nearly every translation neccHsitates great previous study and research, •which from their special and technical nature, entail as much labour as the work of translation itsolf. The flaving effected by the translators in reading over their manuscript before «cndins it to the printer is very great; hut in doing so they impose upon themselves a great deal of extra labour. The scheme of reduction Bubmittcd to the Houso, besides the diniiaution of salary, recommends that one French translator should be removed from fhe list. Now. if thosn who are really in a position to throw some light on the subject had been consulted, it would have been clearly shown that far from diminishing the salaries of those oflScers, it would be but just to increase them, and that far from taking from their number, it is a matter of urgent necessity to add two or three competent men to the office. It is well not to lose sight of the fact that the first necr^ysily in thia Department is to have men possessed of special attainments, who cannot be too highly paid, as i.s clearly proved by the following extract taken from the Courrier dn Canada of the lOth Fobruaiy, 1857. That paper was then edited by two men whom Canada is proud to enrol amon ihc most illustrious of her children, the Hon. H. L. Langevinftnd the Chevalier Taohe, Deputy of the Minister of Agriculture : — "^While we are considering the subject of the translation into French of the greater part of the Parliamentary documents, we may take f-c opportunity of impressing upon the public and our representatives tho importance of t . . French Translators' Department. We must not for an instaut lose sight of the fact that these gentlemen arc the guardians of the French ianguage in everything that relates to the publication of public documents; if, therefore, it is necessary to require of them the greatest regard for purity of language, they must not be left unprovided with one of the means necessary for the performance'ot' their difficult duty. For wc maintain that these gentlemen, who are all men of education and of great talent, are not placed in a position to discharge their important functions with satisfactiou ; they have, in the first place, far too much work to do during the session, especially tn be able to do it with all possible care ; and next they have not been provided with the dictionaries and other books on special subjecta which they requirn ; the transla- tors' library ought to bo. complete in this lespcctj wc are speaking from personal know- ledge, having for ten years past had constant intercourse with the Department in question. Let us not forget that the French translators' office in the House is to us as a national in", fititution ; let us therefore see that its organization is perfect." Librari/. Mr. Alpheus Todd, a deeply read bibliophilist, the lirst Canadian who has written on the constitutional history of our country, and produced a work which has made a sensation in England, is the head of this Department. JIo it is whom iMcmbcrs consult wlicr.i in need of ii precedent calculated to influence the decisions of the House; he it i.s vvho jj quoted, and whose opinion is at all tunes respected ; he is, in fact, an authority. Mr (Jerin-Lajoie, whose writings do so great honor to the French of Canada, is a gentbman whose services in this Department u^e well known to bo of great value. His deep research and great learning admirably fit him 'o discharge, on behalf of the French portion of' the representation, the duties so ably performed by Mr. Todd for the English portion. Mr. Laperri^rc is one of the most zealous and painstaking officers of the House ; his collec- tions of the debates and Parliamentary precedents afford the very greatest'a'ssistaocc to Members. ' Accountants' Offirc. This branch is superintended, most satisfactorily, by two highly competent officials. It is more than a mere office— it is a bank. Hence, the responsibility connected with this department is very great. From the commencement of the year to its close, the only two officers employed in it are engaged in t\\Q despatch of business. Department of Committcei^ and Private Bdis. Mr. Alfred Todd is at the head of this department. It is he who has organized it in accordance with the system adopted in England. ;s I I t J { i T Tho differcot works ou the subject, published by tliiH valuable officer, give evidence of his profound knowledge of all matters connected with it. The duties pertormed in this department arc numerous, and of a special nature — relating, as they do, more particularly to the regulation of individual interests by means of Legislative intervention. To Mr. Todd is, also, intrusted tho direction of the working of all the committees, which, in itself, ia a most arduous duty. Mr. T. Patrick, tho well-known Clerk of the Railway Committer , is highly appreciated by those who have conferred upon our country its magnificent iron roads. Messrs. Blancbot and Fanet are, likewise, highly useful in this department — to which they are attiu'hed. I'nnthuj Department. Mr. Iluitney, the chief of this department, is a man among many, and a most valu- able officer. lie, and he only, has successfully carried; out all the economy eflFected in this branch of the Service, We may cite one fact in support of this assertion. We quote from Appendix No. 1, to the Journals of 18(14 : From January 1S50, to January 18G0, the Legistative printing cost .SG08,104 15 From January 18G0, to January 18G4, the same printing cost only 122,liiG 44 Saving cflfocted in four years $485,967 71 The saving effected in the stationery furnished to the House is as follows : — From 1861 to 1863 the stationery cost 842,778 80 From 18G4to 18GG it cost only .- 19,592 91 Saving effected $23,185 85 Showing a saving in each session of 5,185 47 Let us note that this reform is entirely due to Mr. Marlncy without the intervention of the Printing Committee. This fact once more demonstrates that to effect real economy the only means to be adopted is to have zealous officers and therefore well paid officers. The general report of the Printing Committee of the present session states in so many words " to Mr. Ilartney this reform is principally due." Mr. Sloane, attached to this department, manages the distribution of the stationery with ^eal and the strictest economy. (jdteral Department. This depai'tmcnt i.^; composed of copying clerks ; in it are prepared copies of docu- ments tic., entailing a very ennsiderablo amount of labour, i Controverted Elect't ...•». A most important branch in the service of the House. The correct performance of the duties of clerk of tho Controverted Elections Committee requires great discretion, a profound knowledge of law and especially of that relating to the subject under considera- tion ; to those who know Mr. Leprohon it will bo quite needless to say that he is possessed of all the qualifications required of the sub-chief of such a department. Journals and Votes and Frocetdinys. The work dune in these departments, which we have placed under tho same heading, is very various and complicated. IMessrs. Itoh:s and llivet prepare the Journals in both languages, a duty which entails upon them a vust amount cf work to discharge it in tho effectual and satisfactory manner in which they do ; in the Journal Office also, are indexed and kept for tho ready reference of Members during the session in which they are pre- seniod, all returns to addresses and documents laid before the House. Here, also, all pe- titions are endorsed and entered in bjoks kept for the purpose. Messrs. Roaa and Hi ret ».blo l„r .ho corrnot |,orf„™a„cc of Iha. iUy. which i, bT'o It " Tniiportlnrr °" Mr. Spea/ecr''i i^/xrcfar^. Mr. Maculaj, ha., g.vcn proof to all of hi., abilit/.o ,,orfor,o the jul^c, „fL „ft^le! J)cpartmcnt of Routine and liecorcU. Department of the Senjeant-at-Arim. custoL of a 1 i ; hitV^l.^'^h 1 Hou.se of Asscnbl,. He is the f..thfal he i. responsible br h rV: uK t^^Xl w il^ '^'"'' ^''^ "^'^V '"" «*' ^'"^ -^'^^-'-'".^^^r.s ; valuable oflScial. Hr is assistr.l hv ■. Jr I'i "'"'"" V^l'' "" HKlispen.sable and K,o.st duties with despatch wipuncnaiitv tn' ""=^^^^'' «1 ^^I'^^^^^.-er.s, who perfor.n tlH-i.- discharge tha« Ure 2 uE! ^ ' '"•"' •"'■''"*^ '^^^^ ""^'^» '^"^' heavy dutie.. to vice omrHore I'^SSS. """'"' "' "' '^''"^ '" '-" h»- -" ">= po.t.1 scr- CONCT.UsrON. .ion o. .,alory „p„„ .„o Officerr„CV„t '„,"'. "^o:;™!;:,''";?'..,': i"""' " 'f'T otilv pflFof'tivrt n,o....= ,.»'„„^...:_„ X .- . '\"""'^"9, aiiu mat the moans unci the .ially ruinioga largo n-umber. of .ur„i„„ ,oTCr'al iMo'lhr,';,:^- '"J',v'".'' "" '""^ <"' <"" of iDfiicing o„ all unJo.„rvca di»Krao„"aod?oj, rTi^ 'X^V™ .h" r"'""'-"""',""'^ uoeeajiog labour aod ,l,oir ,olio„u