^ .^.^< "^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^ ^ 1.0 I.I 1^ l&i 12.2 ^ |i£ 12.0 K IL2^ lliu 11.6 I ^^ ^ V Photographic Sciences Corporalion 23 WIST MAIN STRilT We«STIR,N.Y. 14S80 (716)872-4503 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICIViH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Tachnical and Bibliographic Notas/Notas tachniquas at blbliographiquaa Tha instituta lias attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of this copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. D D D D D D D D n Colourad covars/ Couvartura da coulaur Covars damagad/ Couvartura andommag^ SHEWING The Illegality of the faid Grant, and the Abufe they have made of it •, and the great Benefit Britain may obtain by fettling thofe Countries, and extend^ ing the Trade amongft the Natives by civilizing and incorporating with them, and laying a Foundation for their becoming Chriftians and induftrious Sub- jedls of Great-Britain ; and the Neceflity there is of y a Parliamentary Enquiry into the pretended Rights and exclufive Monopoly claimed by the faid Com- pany, and their Abufe of the Grant. That thofe Countries may be fettled, either by fixing a Com- pany under proper Regulations and Reftridionj, or by laying open the Trade to all the Britijh Merchants, and fettling them, at the PubHck Expence, or by a moderate Tax upon that Trade. LONDON: Printed for J. Robinfon in Ludgate-Jireet. M,DCC,XL1X. fU LP F'^6tf.7.:3 6' r ■ i . .•*-!r ^ o '^;J- ri K o 4 i .v '"'« ,*,#«»Jki^-*lw* o o » \> n A- SHORT STATE O F T H E Countries and Trade OF North Am ER I c a. ' T is obvious, at firft View, that the Northern American Continent is more extenfive, and far exceeds the whole Continent of Europe ; as it extends from the Northward of the Polar Circle, to 8° of Northern Latitude, and Europe is bounded by the 35''th of North Latitude ; and in Breadth, from Newfoundland to California^ is above 70" of Lon- gitude. It is alfo obvious, that the Spanifh, French^ and Britifh Colonies, do not occupy the third Part of that Continent. But the Hudfon*s Bay Company, by their unlimited Grant, pretend to all the Re- mainder of it, much greater than the Half of Eu- rope, as they claim all the Countries and Seas be- yond the Entrance of the Streights commonly caird A 2 Hud- 181134 (4 ) HudforCs Streigbts •, and on the Eaft Coaft of Labra- dor^ from Davis's Inlet in ^6^^ in whatfoever La- titudes they lie, not pofTefled before the Grant by any of his Majefly's Subje6ts, or any other Chri- ftian Power. This extenfive Country and Trade, they have, under that pretended Right, and exorbitant Grant, locked up from all his Majefty's other Britijh Sub- jects, for about 80 Years ; and alfo all the Coun- tries and Trade beyond it, tliat might have been difcovered and improved during that Time, under Pretence of their exclufive Grant of Trade, tho' an illegal Monopoly, being without Aft of Parliament % and the Navigation to thole Countries is confined to three or four Ships, tho' capable of employing many Hundreds -, and the whole Trade is engroffed into the Hands of Nine or Ten Perfons, fcarcely known by People in Trade, who are perpetual Directors, or rather Diftators, having bought up near nine loths of their pretended or imaginary Stock, never allow- ing it to come to publick Sale ; and by that Means, as each has a Vote for every 100/. he has in Stock, the few others, who have any Shares in their Stock, have no legal Right of infpefting into their Books, or enquiring into their Management of the Trade •, but muft tamely fubmit, and accept of whatever Dividend is made to them, without having a Power to call them to Account for their Conduft. In order to prevent the i^ublick, or Merchants in Britain^ from enquiring into the Trade of thofe Countries, they conceal it as much as poflibie, and confine their Tr;ide to a fmall Capital, their Exports not exceeding 3,600/. annually, at a Medium ; and to difcour.igtj others from enquiring into it, or attempting to trade to, or navigate thefe Seas, they fay and pretentl, that the Countries adjoining Hud- fan's Bay are in io inhofpitable a Climate, and fo exceflively 'M^i ( 5 ) excefllvely cold, that no Perfons can be induced to inhabit it ; that no Kind of Grain or Pulfe can grow there, for the exceflive Cold and Ice -, that the Ri- vers are unnavigable, and for that Reafon no Trade can be carried on, in the inland Countries, up the Rivers, or Lands be cultivated there ; that the Na- tives are fierce and inhofpitable •, that the Seas are dangerous, and the Navigation thro* the Ice almoft impradbicable ; and further to conceal from the Merchants in Britain thofe large Countries, and the Navigation into thofe Seas, the Company alfo pre- vent their Captains and Servants from publifliing any Journals or Charts of their Voyages, or Difco- veries, (if any were ever made by them) or any Charts of thofe Seas -, and alfo all Defcriptions of thefe Countries, or Knowledge of the Climates and inland Parts of that Country, by difcouraging their going into the Country, or navigating up the Ri- vers i and under Pretence of preventing their Ser- vants trading with the Natives, they confine them to their Fadtories during the trading Time in Sum- mer, whilft the Navigation is open, and afterwards employ them in preparing and bringing home Fewel for the Winter •, and in Winter only allow them to trap and kill fome Martins and JBeavers near their Faftories, which they buy from them at a low Price. The Company, to engrofs this beneficial T-v.de to themfclves, and to prevent its being known-^ or enquired into by the Merchants of Britain^ confine their Trade in this extenfive Continent, to the ex- porting of Goods and Manufaftiires to the Value of 3,600/. annually, at a Medium, in which is in- cluded Provifions and Neceflaries for their Servants at their Fadories i and for that Export, import an- nually Furs, Peltry, 6fr. to the Value of about 30 or 40,000/. when if thefe Countries were fettled, and /i ■I ,1 ,l.T^*l»««>'<-< \s (6) and the Trade extended and improved, by civiliz- ing and incorporating with the Natives, allowing them a more equitable Trade, and carrying up our Manufaftures into their Countries by thefe Jargc navigable Rivers in Summer, and by Sledges in Winter, and by that Means employing more of the Natives in Hunting, and enabling them to become induftrious, ojr Britijb Exports might reafonably increafe to 200,000/. and our Imports from thence to above 400,000/. in a very Ihort Time, as by prefumptive Proofs may be eafily made appear. As the Company fet up a Right to the Property of all thefe Countries, and an exclufive Trade to them by their Charter, I muft beg leave to obferve upon that Grant, and their Behaviour under it ; and how far they have followed and fulfilled the Spirit and Intention of their CharttT,uponPrefumption of its hav- ing been originally valid, and not a fraudulent Grant obtained from the Crown, and an Impofition upon the King -, which, as it is a Grant of a Property of Lands without any Limitation or Bounds, is in itfelf a void Grant, and can't be claimed againft the Crown. The Grant of the Crown being in thefe Words— ** The Ible Trade and Commerce of all " thofe Sens, Streights, Bays, Rivers, Lakes, ** Creeks and Sounds, in whatlbever Latitudes they " fliall b;", that lie v/itliin the Entrance of the Streights commonly called Hudfon's Sireights, together with all the Lands and Territories upon " the Countries, Coalh and Confines of the Seas, Bays, Lakes, Rivers, Creeks and Sounds aforefaid, that are not already a^'tually poiTeflcd by the Sub- " je6ts of any other Chriftian Prince or State i with " the Fidiing of all Sorts of Fifli, Whales, Stur- '* geons, and all other Royal I'ilhes, in the Seas, Bay-, Inlets and Rivers, within the Premifles ; and clie Fiih therciii taken, together with the 2 Royalty (( %t (t (( (( (( cur- ias, les *, Ithe ilty i< 4« (7) Royalty of the Sea, npon the Coafts, within the limits aforefaid } ana all Mines Royal as well difcovercd as not difcovered, of Gold, Silver, Gems, and precious Stones, to be found or dif- • covered within the Ten itories, Liinits, and ** Places aforefaid ; and that the L^and be from ** henceforth reckoned and reputed as one of our *• Plantations, or Colonies in America^ called Prince ** Rupert^s Land." By the ntxt CKiufe, the Conrpany are made Lords Proprietors of all the afore- faid Country for ever j the Lands to be held in common Soccage, as of the Manor of Ecjl GncKwhb, pay- ing to his Majefty and to his SiiccclTois, two Elks, aiid two black Beavers, whenfoever, and as often, as they fhall happen to enter into thcfc Territories *, and, by a fubfequent Claufe, not only confirms their fole Trade and Traffick to the Countries aforefaid, but alio to and from all Havens, Bays, Creeks, &ff. into which they fhall find Entrance or Paflage by Land or by Water, outof thefe Territories •, and to all Nations inhabiting any of the Coafts adjacent, which are not already poflefled by Chriftian Powers, or whereof the Trade and Traffick was not granted to any other of his Majefty's Subjeds. So that the Grant of the Lands, Seas, ^c. for ever, as well as the exclufive Trade, is unlimited, unlefs the whole Globe be the Limit, except what was in the Poffeflion of Chriftian Powers : For as all Countries are granted beyond or weftward of the Entrance of Hudfon's Str eights, there are no Bounds weftward i and as all is granted, in whatfoever Latitudes they lie, wherever they can find a Paflage by Land or by Water, then there is no Limitation from North to South, but from Pole to Pole •, only what was Eoflefled by Chriftian Powers. So that all America cyond the Meridian of Refolution IJland, the Eaft Entrance oiHudfcn^s StreightSy is within their Claim 5 and .. i t - ji..-^. — ,.,..>■' ■'\'ii^^i"ilk*^.. fe ( 8 ) and alfo all the Seas and Ides beyond it *, and all jlfia^ except what is in the Ruffian Dominions •, and Africa^ and the Eaft-IndieSy except fo much as is in Chriftian Hands, as well as the Monopoly of the Trade. Except this extraordinary Charter, there never was any proprietory Grant from the Crown, without a limited Boundary \ fome betwixt Parallels of La- titude North and South ; from a fettled Meridian or fix'd Point Eaftward, to another Meridian or fix'd Point Weftward ; either by Degrees of Latitude, or by the Springs of Rivers, or limited by the South- Sea, as Carolina was bounded, which is a Limit tho* a large one ; but this Charter has no Bounds but the Globe, confequently their Grant was a fraudu- lent Impofition upon the Crown, obtained by Sur- prife, being not attended to by the Officers of the Crown, and mull therefore be void from the Begin- ning ; and an exclufive Trade for ever, without an A6t of Parliament, it being a Monopoly, can't be granted by the Crown, is alfo a Certainty. But fuppofing either, or both, were originally good, then it is proper to confider what they have done to fulfil the Intention and Terms for which the Charter was granted. The Charter fets forth, " That whereas the Peti- " tioners for the Charter have, at their own Coll " and Charges, undertaken an Expedition for Hud- " /on*s Bay, in the North weft Parts of America, for the difcovering of a New PaiTage to the South-Sea, and for the finding of fome Trade for Furs, Mi- nerals, and other Commodities ; and by fuch their Undertaking have made fuch Difcoveries, as do encourage them to proceed farther in Pur- fuance of their faid Defign, by Means whereof there may probably arife great Advantage to us and our Kingdoms. " And ci ti tc cc T i4 ■» ' i ' ( la ) Company have not thought worth tlielr Care, tho* it be in 54 . Bremen, Berlin, and Amjierdam arc more northerly than Alhany FaAory, which is in 52 , and London, Bruges, and Brejlaw, are in the Latitude of Moofe River Faiftory in 51 30', and of Ruperts, Frenchmans, and Nodway Rivers, which the Company have deferted or niglefted. Thefe furely can't be called fevere Climates ; and by fetling higher up thefe Icvcral Rivers, as they all "have their Courfes from the Southward, the CH^ mate would ftill improve, and the Countries be- come more temperate by being cultivated, and by cutting down the Woods j for the Climates at the Fadlories are more fevere than within Land, by their being fituated among Swamps at the Mouths of Rivers, near the Bay \ which by rcafon of fo much frefli Water, coniinues much longer froz:^n, and the Ice much thicker, thun further within Land.— — Nor does the Objei^ion uluiilly made, that the Countries on the Eufl; Coalt of /Jmerica are much colder than the Countries in Europe^ ]\\ the fame La- titudes, hold here : The Kcafon for that Objedion is this, that the great Mountains within Land, and frefh Lakes, many of them frozen, and great Tradt 9f Land to the W«ftward, over which the North- wefterly Winds blow great part of the Winter, oc- cafions a much greater Cold in Winter, whilll fro- zen, than in Europe where the fame Winds prevail, which comes oflf the Sea, which being not frozen, is much milder than from a fro/.on Continent ; and the Coaft on the Eaft Side 0^ /Ifta, North oi China, to Kamfchatki, where the Climate is as fevere and cold, as in Jmetica, for the fame Rcafon, is caufed by the North-well Winds blowing over fo great a Continent covered with Snow. But this can't hold in the Countries on the Well: Side of Hudfon*s Bay ; I for 1? ban and raft orth- oc- fro- vail, )zen, and I and lufed ( 13 ) for it is known, that the American Weftern Ocean is at no great Diftance from the Countries weft of the Bay ; and as thefe Countries are not moun- tainous, but abound with large navigable Ri- vers, and great Lakes, thefc Countries from a like Parity of Reafon, muft be equally tem- perate, as the Countries in Europe fituated at an equal Diftance from the Atlantic Ocean, and where the Countries in Europe are mountainous, very much colder ; as in Switzerland, Bohemia, &c. — But as the Journal of the Weather, taken at or near Tork Fort, from Augufi 1746, to the End of 7^/;?^ i747» hereunto annexed, will prove this Faft, I appeal to it ; by which it will appar, tho* under the Inconve- niency of being taken at the Mouth of a River near an Icy Sea, which continued long frozen after the Ice within Land was broke up, yet the Weather, the whole Winter, was as temperate as in the Conti- nent of Europe, in the fame Latitudes ; no way tempeftuous, but generally ferene Iharp Froft, which did not prevent any of the Seamen from going from the Houfe, and Huts built to fhelter them in the Winter, to Tork Fort, or to the Ships, or into the Woods, except for a very few Days, the whole Winter, when there happened a Fall of Snow* February and March being generally intermix'd with thawing Weather, and by the 30th of March the Frelhes came over the Ice in the River and Creek, which demonftrates that it was breaking up within the Country by the Middle of March. From this it may appear, whether any Credit can be given to their Account, that no Grain or Pulfe will come to Maturity in that Climate, when the Country above Tork Fort, one of their moft Nor- therly Fadlories, in 57", the Tee broke up in March j at a very proper Time for Tillage •, when Barley, 2 Oats, ! 1 -^ "y- -".'t'j ( 14 ) Oats, Beans and Peafe, have bsen tried at their more Southerly Faftories, and fucceeded well, ancj Pulfe and Roots, which they have only try*d at Tork Fortencev hcver 4 dard ('25 ) Standard of Trade. BEADS valued. One Pound as One Beaver. Kettles, one, as one and half Beavers, Powder, one Pound, as one Beaver. Shot, four Pound, as one Beaver. Tobacco, Brazil, three Quarters of a Pound, as one Beaver. — ' Virginia Leaf, one Pound, as one Beaver. • • Englijh Role, one Pound, as one Beaver. Vermillion, one Pound, as fixteen Beavers. ^^ Thread, one Pound, as one Beaver Brandy, Englijh, one Gallon, as four Beavers. Strong-waters, one Gallon, as four Beavers. Broad- Cloth, one Yard, as three Beavers. Ditto Red, one Yard, as three Beavers. Ditto Blue, one Yard, as three Beavers. Fine ditto, one Yard, as five Beavers. Bays, one Yard, as one and half Beavers. Blankets, one Yard, as feven Beavers. Duffles, one Yard, as two Beavers. Flannel, one Yard, as one and halfBeavers. Gartering, one Yard and half, as one Beaver. Lace broad Orris, one Yard and half, as one Beaver. Worfted binding, one Yard and half, as one Beaver, Awl Blades, eight, as one Beaver. Buttons Brafs Coat, four Dozen, as one Beaver. Ditto Waiftcoat, fix Doz. as one Beaver, Burning Glafles, two, as one Beaver. Bayonets, one, as one Beaver.. Combs Ivory, one, as one Beaver. Egg-boxes, three, as one Beaver. Barrel-boxes, three, as one Beaver. Feathers Red, two, as one Beaver. Fifli- hooks, fourteen, as oneBeaver. T V D ^ . Files f »*.:. v^ (' if *'■ •(26) Files valued, one, as one Beaver Flints, fixteen, as one Beaver. Guns, one, as fourteen Beavers. Piftols, one, as feven Beavers. Gun-worms, four, as one Beaver Gloves Yarn, one Pair, as one Beaver. Handkerchiefs, one, as one Beaver. Hats laced, one, as four Beavers. Hatchets, one, as one Beaver. Hawk's-bells, twelve, as one Beaver. Ice Chizzels, one, as one Beaver. Knives, four, as one Beaver. Looking-glaflfes, one, as one Beaver. Needles, twelve, as one Beaver. Net Lines, one, as one Beaver. Powder-horns, one, as one Beaver. Runlets, one, as one Beaver. Rings plain, fix, as one Beaver. Ditto Seal, three, as one Beaver. Ditto Stone, three, as one Beaver. Scrapers, two, as one Beaver. Sword-blades, one, as one Beaver. Sciflfars, two Pair, as one Beaver. Spoons, two, as one Beaver. Shirts, one, as two Beavers. Slioes, one Pair, as three Beavers, Stockings, one, as two Beavers. Sallies, one, as one and half Buavers. Thimbles, fix, as one Beaver. Tobacco-boxes, one, as one Beaver. Twine, one Scain, as one Beaver. lobacco-tongs, two Pair, as one Beaver. r 4 Beavers being the chief Commodity, therefore it is made the Standard, whereby they value all other Furs and Commodities dealt for in the Bay, as on the other Side. One A'lf ( 27 ) One Parchment Moufe, as two Beavers. One drefs*d ditto, as one and half Beavers One Red Deer, as one Beaver. One old Bear, as two Beavers. One Bear Cub, as one Beaver. One Wolf, as two Beavers. One Cat, as one Beaver. One Black Fox, as three Beavers. One Grey ditto, as two Beavers. One Red ditto, as one Beaver. Two white Foxes, as one Beaver. Two Otters, as one Beaver. Two Vejacks, as one Beaver. Three Martins, as one Beaver. One Quiquehak, as one Beaver. Two Wenulks, as one Beaver. Ten Pound of Feathers, as one Beaver. 4 herefore all other y, as on One By Accounts, the French Trade, a Martin, as a Beaver •, fo the Indians go more to the French^ upon that Account. Guns three Sorts, four Foot, three Foot and half, and three Foot ; all valued alike. Beads feven different Sorts, viz. Large, Midling, and Small, White j Large, Midling, and Small Blue i and large Pearl, any Sort, one Pound as a Beaver. Kettles eight different Sizes, viz. three quarters of a Pint, one Quart, two Quaris, 4 Qi_iarts, eight Quarts, ten Quarts, twelve Quarts, fourteen Quarts, fixteen Quarts •, any Size, one Pound as a Beaver and half. Shot five Sorts, viz. Duck, Briftow, Partridge, Goofe Mould. Low Eafl India. Strong Waters, White and Red. Bays, Red and Blue. D 2 DufHelds, I? y'j i;i" '■ ifi 1 ( 28 ) Dufficlds, Red and Blue. Hatchets, Midling and fmall. ^ ' **'* Knives three Sorts, large Long, large Roach, and Jack. Looking-Claffes two Sorts, Book, and Oftagon. Powder- Horns three Sorts, one Pound, three quar- ters of a Pound, and half a Pound. Runlets three Sorts, two Quarts, four Quarts and eight Quarts. Stockings three Sorts, Red, Blue, and Coloured. Tobacco- Boxes three Sorts, Oval plain, Japan'd, and lin'd Head. This is all the Standard. A N I A N and AB S TRACT O F T H E WEATHER Taken at Montague- Houfe^ near Tork- Fort^ in Hays-River in Hudfons- Bajy in Latitude 57^^ 20 ; and on Board the California, As taken from a Log-Book, commencing Au- guji the 1 6th 1 746. when they were at Marble IJland^ near the Welcomey and ending the 9th of September 1747. when they had got out of Hudfons Streight^ upon their Re- turn Home. 5^^i^- A N AUGUST, 1746. i6th.T^ RESH Breezes, interchangeably Fair and JP Cloudy. 17th. Part of the Day little Wind, Remainder frclh Breezes and Cloudy. 1 8th. Frelh Gales with thick Weather, Part of the Day cold, with Sleet and Snow ; Remainder moderate, hazy, with fmall Rain. 19th. A ftrong Gale, hazy, foggy with Rain. 20th. Moderate, firft Part, and variable ; then a frefh Gale with fmall Rain. 2 ill. ( 30 ) 2 1 ft. A frelh Gale till Noon, rainy and fqually ; then clear Weather. 2 2d. A frelh Gale, fair and clear i then cloudy with Squalls. 23d. ii frefh Gale, cloudy and fqually, then mo- derate wita Sleet and Snow. 24th. The fame Weather. 25th. Small Breezes, fair and clear •, then at the EntrancQ of Nel/ott Rtver. 26th. Liale Wind and fine Weather. 27th. Small Breezes and fine Weather. 28th. A frefh Breeze, variable, cold and raw. 2y h. A frefh Breeze, cloudy. 30th. A trefli Breeze, fine Weather. 31ft. Fine Weather. •" - '•'■'• SEPTEMBER, '\. / * »4 ift. Calm, fine Weather. ; 2d. A frelh Gale, fine Weather, 3d. Part a frefh Gale and fine Weather, Part mo- derate and cloudy. 4 th. The fame Weather, ith. The fame Weather. 6th. A frefh Gale, part cloudy, part Rain. 7th. The fame Weather. 8th. A frefh Gale, cloudy, fome Thunder. 9th. The fame Weather, with fome Rain, loth. A frefh Gale with fine Weather, nth. A frefh Gale, mofl part fair. 1 2th. A flrong Gale with fome Rain. 13th. Little Wind, cloudy. 14th. Little Wind, with clear fine Weather. 15th. Full Part little Wind, then a frefh Gale. 1 6th. Frefh Gales. 17th. The fame. 18th. kO-., 'f^ii* iliyi with mo- thc no- ( 31 ) 1 8. Frefh Gales, with fome Sleet and Snow, then little Wind and cloudy. 19th. Firft little Wind, then a frefh Gale. 20th. A frefh Gale, then little Wind, againafrcih Gale. 2ifV. A frefh Gale, then little Wind and hazy. 22d. Calm, at firfl foggy, then clear. - . 23d. Little Wind, calm and hazy. 24th, Little Wind, and Rain. 25th. a frelh Breeze, with fine Weather, 26th. A frefh Breeze, part cloudy, part clear. 27th. Variable fmall Wind, with fine Weather. 28th. The fame. . ^ 29th. Firft part a frefh Gale with fine Weather, then a ftrong Gale with Sleet and Snow. 3orh. A flrong Gale with Sleet and Snow. OCTOBER ifl. A flrong Gale with Froft and Snow. 2d. A flrong Gale with Froft. 3d. Moderate, with Froft and fome Snow. 4th. A ftrong Gale, hazy. 5th. A ftrong Gale, clear, with fome Snow. 6th. A frefh Gale with fome Snow. 7th. Froft. 8th. Clear and froft, 9th. Wind at South-weft, fine Weather. loth. Wind at Weft and moderate. nth. The fame Weather. 1 2th. Wind at Weft, pleafant Weather. 13th. Variable Vs^ind, with /omc Rain, then clear. 14 th. The fame Weather. 15th. A frefli Gale with fome Snow, then fair and Froft. 1 6th. Wind South-eaft, moderate and frofty. 17th. Wind at South, and Frofty. 2 1 8th. P^ th. iihii' ■]««.- (rj « ( 32 ) lith. Wind at South, fine Weather, and little Froft. 19th. Wind at North- weft, then at South, aoth. Wind at South, fine Weather. 2 ift. A ftrong Gale at North-eaft with fomc Snow. 2 2d. The fame. 23d. Calm, with fome Snow. < . . .- 24th. The fame. ... 25th. Small Wind, Southerly. 26th. Wind South-eaft, fine Weather. 27th. The fame. 2«th. Firft Part a frelh Gale, then Calm with fome Snow. 29th. Calm, clofe Weather. 30th. Wind wefterly, with fome Snow. 31ft- Wind North- weft, with Iharp Froft. NOVEMBER. I ft. The fame Wind ajjd Weather. 2d. The fame. 3d. The fame. 4th. The fame. 5th. Frelh Breeze, cold Weather. 6th. Wind North- weft, with ftiarp Froft. 7th, Wind betwixt Weft and North, fine clear Weather. 8th. Wind Northerly, fine mild Weather. 9th. Wind Weft, with Froft. loth. No Obfervation. I ith. Little Wind, with fome fmall Snow, then fine W^eather. 1 2th. Little Wind, Wefterly, fine Weather, with fome fmail Snow. 13th. Little Wind, at South-eaft, fine mild Wea- ther. 14th. ?»• t 5 9 I J I ,■::* . little 3W. ome ^ ^ ( 33 ) ^ • i4th. Little Wind and fmall Snow. 15th. Little Wind at North-eaft, tnild Thawing in the River. 16th. Wind Southerly, fine Weather. '• * • 1 7th. Wind Wcfterly, fine mild Weather. 1 8th. Rain, Wind North- weft, then Sleet and Hail. 19th. Wind Weft aod variable, clofe warm Weather, 20th. Wind at Weft, fine Weather. 2 1 ft. Wind at South, fine Weather. %zd. A fi-efti Breeze, cold Weather. 23d. Wind North-weft, cold, with fome Snow, 24th. The fame, 25th. The fame. 26th. Wind North- weft, with clear (harp Weather. 2 7th. Wind North- weft, then South, ftiarp Weather. 28th. Wind South, Weft, fome Snow, cold Wea- ther. 29th. Wind North- weft, ftiarp Weather* 30th. No Obfervation in Log-Book. DECEMBJ^R. :lear hen i^ith ea- th. ift. Wind South-weft, cold Weather. . 2d. Wind Weft, ftiarp. 3d. Wind Weft, clofe and hazy, afterwards clear. 4th. Wind Welt-north-weft, cold Weather, ^th. Wind vvffterly, with Drift and Cold. 6th. Wind Weft, a frefh Gale, clear, ftiarp Weather. 7th. Wind North- weft, with fome drift Snow, not fo cold as before. 8th. Wind North- weft, ftiarp Weather, with fome Snow. 9th. Wind North, ftiarp drifty Weather, loth. Wind Weft, a frefli Gale, moderate Weather] J uh. Wind South, (;lear, fine Weather. 1 2th. Little Wind, variable, Eafterly. E 13th. /I m ..■^^^ ( 34) 1 3th. North- weft Wind, a frcftj Gale, mpdcrate Weather. 14th. Wind North-weft, a frefh Gale^ clear and (harp. 1 5r,h. The fame, ifcth. The fame. 17th. A treih Gaje, Weft, South, and E. N. E.a ftrong Gale. J 8th. A ftrong Gale, clofe drifty Weather. 19th. Wind North- weft, moderate and clear. 20th. Wind at North, a frefh Gale, Hazy and coid. 2 1 ft. Wind North- weft, ftiarp Weather. 2 2d. Wind South'South-weft, clear, fliarp Weather. 23d. Wind North-weft, clear and fharp. 24th, The fame. 25th. The fame. 2bth. The fame. 27th. The fame. 2Sth. The fame. 29th. Wind North-weft, moderate Weather. 30th. Wind at North- weft, clear and mod erate^; 31ft. The fame. 1747. JANUARY. ift. Wind North- weft, a frefh Gale, dear and ftiarp. 2d. Wind at Weft, fharp Weather. 3d. Wind at Weft, moderate, with fome Snow. 4th. Wind at Weft, moderate and Fair. 5th. Wind at North-weft» fine Weather. €th. Wind ac Ncrth-weft, a Gale and cold. 7th. The fame. fc'th. The fame Wind, very cold. 9th. The fame in the Morning, then South and moderate. ip^h. ,^«t: -^■^ ate tnd l.^ \nd ter. and , , ... (35) loth. No Obfcrvation. , , lich. Witid North and North* eaft, at Night North- weft with fharp Snow. ^ 1 2th. Wind at North, clofe, cold Weather. ^ 13th. Wind at North- weft, clear Weather. ^ 14th. Wind at Weft, fine Weather. 15th. Wind at South, fine Weather, with fomd Snow. i6th. Wind South, a Gale with Snow, but mild. 1 7th. No Obfervarion. 18th. Wind North- weft, a Gale, at Night md- derate. igtk. Wind North- weft, fliarp, with fome Snow. 20th. Wind North-weft, with drift Snow. 2 1 ft. Wind North- weft, a Gale, then Southerly. 2 2d. Wind Weft and variable, moderate Weather* 23d. Wind North-weft, fine Weather. 24th. The fantie. 25th. Variable, and frefh Gales. 26th. Wind North-weft, variable, with Show and Cold. 27th. A ftrOng Gale with SnOw, very ftiarp. 28th. Wind North-eaft, a frefti^,Gale, with thick Snow, very cold. 29th. Wind North- weft, clear, fine, mild Weather. 30th. Wind North, with Snow, but mild. 31ft. Wind at Weft, with moderate Weather. 11 i- FEBRUART. and p;h. I ft. Wind at Weft, moderate and cloudy. 2d. Wind North-weft, to North-eaft, variablCj, clofe, and hazy. 3d. Wind North-weft, clear, ftiarp Weather. 4th. Wind at Weft, Iharp Weather. 5th. Wind Eaft- north-eaft, hazy and mild, with fome Snow. E 2 6:h. h I '■'■■■^^^.^^^M'^'i^:- . > »« '--»*• "«*llr.?^- J'> 1/t ( bf ( 3<^ ). 6th. Wind South-foutk-eaft, a mild Drift with ft Breeze till 5 at Night, then a thick Snow. 7th. Wind at North-eaft, little Wind, with fomc Snovf. 8th. Wind South-eaft, fine mild Weather. 9th. Wind South-eaft, a light Breeze, fine Weather. loth. Wind South-eaft to North-eaft, thick, hazy ' Weather. nth. Wind South-eaft, with Snow and Sleet, then North- weft and fair. 1 2th. Wind South-weft, a frefh Gale, fine Weather. 13th. Wind at Weft, fine Weather. 14th. Little Wind, thawing a little. 15th. Little Wind, at South, thawing and running off the Houfe. 1 6th. Wind at Weft, fine mild Weather. 17th. Wind at North, with fome Snow. 18th. Wind South- weft, fine mild Weather. 19th. Wind North- weft, a hard Gale, then mode- rate, but cold. 20th. Wind South-weft, a frefli Gale, then North- eaft and mild. 2 1 ft. Wind at Weft, fine clear Weather. 2 2d. Little Wind at Weft, fine mild Weather. 23d. The fame, fine Weather. 24th. The fame, fine, mild and clear. 25th. Wind at Weft, and Iharp. 26th. Wind South-weft) fine Weather. 27th. Wind South- weft, a frefti Gale, fine Weather. 28th. Wind North- welt with Snow, then fair, but cold. MARC U. I ft. Wind North- wed, a frelli Breeze, fine Weather. 2d. I • •'*.^tr*" IC ;r. ir. ig t ( 37) ad. Wind Norih-wcft, a frclh Gale, with thick Weather. 3d. The fame Wind, clear and (harp. 4th. The fame, clear Weather. 5th. Variable Wind, fine Weather. 6th. Wind South -weft, clear and Iharp. 7th. Wind North-weft, and ftiarp. 8th. Wind at W eft, fine clear Weather. 9th. Little Wind at eaft, fine clear Weather. loth. Wind North- weft, fharp, afterwards moderate, nth. Wind North-weft, firft Part ftiarp, then mild* 12th. Wind North-weft, then South- weft and mild. 13th. No Obfervation. 14th. Wind at North, with fome Snow. 1 5th. Wind at South, with fome Snow, but mild. 16th. Wind North, with Drift, and fharp, thenlefs and clear. 17th. Wind at North- weft, with Drift, arid fharp. 18th. Wind North-weft, clofe and ftiarp. 19th. Little Wind, variable, and fine Weather. 20th. Wind South- weft, thawing, fine mild Wea- ther, At Night freezing. 2 1 ft. Small Breezes, variable, fine and pleafant. 2 2d. Wind South eaft, fine and pleafant. 2 3d. Wind South- weft, a frefti Breeze, fine Weather. 24th. Variable Wind, fine pleafant Weather. 25th. Wind North-weft, with fome Snow. 26th. A fmall Breeze, fine and mild. 27th. Wind South-weft, a fine Thaw, Water on the Ice in the Creek. 28th. A pleafant Thaw. 29th. Variable Breeze, fine and pleafaat. 30th. Some Rain, with clofe Weather. 31ft. Wind at North-CAft, clofe, mild Weather ; the Frefti came down upon the Ice in the Creek eight Inches deep. APRIL. II 4: i \ R38) .1 ., APRIL: > . ift. The Frefli came down over the Ice two Feet deep. 2d, Wind at North, with feme Snow. 3d. Wind at North, a ftrong Gale, freezing. 4th. Wind at North, at firft clear and Iharp, then South, warm and clear. 5th. Small Breeze, fharp and clear; 6th. Wind at North-north- eaft, with Snow and cold. 7th. No Obfervation. 8th. Variable and frefti, (harp weather. 9th. Variable and pleafant. lOth: Wind North-north-eaft, moderate, llth. Gentle Ibutherly Breezes, mild and thawing. , 1 2th. Wind Eaft-north-eaft, frefli, moderate, and clofe. 13th. Wind North-weft, a frefli Gale, with Snow and Sleet. Weather uncertain. 14th. Wind at Eaft, fqually and uncertain. 15th. Fine Breezes, variable, warm and thawhig. 16th. The fame weather. i;th. Wind South-weft, a fine Gale, thawing faft, 1 8th. Little Wind, variable, with fome Rain. 19th. Wind North north-caft, Rain and Snow, then fine and pleafant. 20th. Wind North-eaft, uncertain, raw and cold. Large Ice came down the Creel: 2 1 ft. Wind North-eaft, a frefli Gale, warm, and thawing. 2 2d. Wind North-eaft, uncertain weather. Firft Goofe kili'd. 23d. Wind North-eaft, a frefli Gale, clofe and plea- fant. Frefli on the Ice fi^i Feet deep. 24th. 2( 2; ai 2| 3'< n Snow ^, then cold, and Firfi: plea- «4th. ( 3S ) 2^th. Wind Nortih.ea(^, clofeand (harp, then^outln Bne and pleafant. The Ice broke up ftom the Bottom } Water 7 or 8 Feet deep upon the Ice. 25th. Wind Eaft, then Squth, fine (nUd we^ther« 6reat Ice co^nipg down, 26th. Wind South and variable, witK Snow. 27th. Frefli Breezes, raw and uncertain. 28th. Wind at North, with fome Snow, and cold, 29th. Wind North-eaft, fqually with Snow, freezing, 30th. Wind North to Eaft, dofci ftlarp weather. ,.../•::. M jr. I ft. Wind North-eaft, moderate and Iharp^ 2d. Variable and mild, then North-eaft, and Sharp; 3d. Wind North-eaft, raw and cold. 4th. Wind at North, a frefh Gale with Snaw. 5th. Wind North- weft. Snow and hard Froft. 6th. Wind at North, fharp Froft, then variable and warm. 7th. South and South-weft, warm, then North and North-weft, Hail and Rain, very cold. 8th. Wind North-eall, fair and fliarp, then Rain," Hail and Froft. 9th. Small variable Breezes, with Rain and Snow^ raw and cold, loth. Variable with Snow, ;ill Noon, then calpi and pleafant. I ith. Wind Weft-South-weft, cloudy [and mild, then fqually and colcl. J 2th. A Gale at Eaft and cold, then Rain and Froft; 13th. A Gale at North, Rain, Sleet, Snow, and Froft. 14th. A Gale at North and ftiarp, then calm and mild pleafant weather. ]^5th. Wind North-North-eaft, fine and moderate weather. Ice broke up in the River. • 16th; ■■>.? n v: iji ;(Ur^«— t i (40) i6ih. Wind South-eaft, fine plcafant weather^ 1 7th. Wind North-caft, a fmall Breezy mild, warm and clear. 1 8th. Wind South-;caft to Norih-eaft, fine and pleafant. • «■ *• 19th; Wind North-ca(V, clear but cold. - 20th. Wind North-eaft, fome Snow, and cold. 2 1 (I. A Gale at £a(t, and Kaft-north-eaft, Sleet and Snow. .?2d. The fame Weather, 23d. Wind at North, a frefti Breeze, clofe weather, 24th. Variable , then at North, fine and pleafant. 25th. Wind North-eaft, clofe weather. 26th. Wind South to South-eaft, clofe and fqually. » 27th. A Gale at Weft by North, with Rain ia . Squalls. 28th. A Gale at North -weft, clofe weather. 2c|th. Wind Noith-weft, fqually and Sleet, then moderate. 30th. Wind from North-weft to North-eaft, thea South, fine weather, jift. Wind South- weft, fine warm weather, JUNE. ift. Wind North weft, a hard Gale withRairi. 2d. Will 1 North- weft, Sleet ami Snow. 3d. Wind North-eaft to Eaft, clear, tiicn foggy. 4th. Wind at South, warm wcither. 5th. Wind South- well, lo Noi'ih-weft, moderate, thin fqualJy. 6th. A Gale at Norf .'nweft, Sleet and Rain, fqually, 7rh. V.'ind Eafterly, i Bree/.e, tine weather. 8th. A Breeze at ^ . h-wcft, hot weather. 9th. \ frcfti Ga! r- North-caft. loth. Variable, luliry, and hot weather. VI »■ 'J. \ \ •^—-'^^mtnmxff \l\^ f ( 41 ) tith. Winid Weft-South-\/cft, then North-eaft, fbme Rain* 1 2th. From North-eaft, to South-eaft, cold and raw. J 3th. From North, to North-eaft, Squalls, then moderate. 14th. Moderate, then frelh, with Rain. 15th. Wind at Eaft, fine Weather. 1 6th. Wind from Eaft to North-eaft, pleafant Weather. . 17th. Wind at Eaft, fine Weather. 1 8th. The fame. 19th. Wind South-eaft, fine warm Weather, 20th. No Obfervation. lift. Variable and calm. 2 2d. Variable and calm, extreme hot. 23d. A Breeze at Weft, then a ftrong Gale, then moderate. 24th. Light Airs, variable. Thunder. Sail'd from Stotf^ River y Lat. *5 7° 27. Long. 92° 3. Weft from London. 25th. A Bfeeze at North-weft, then S(jualls, fom« Rain. 26th. Light Breezes at North-weft, fawfomelce. 27th. A frefh Breeze, from South, to Weft-north- weft, off Cape Churchily in Lat. 59. Long. 93°. Weft. 18th. Variable, fair and clear. 29th. Fair and clear, then cloudy and hazy. 30th. Variable, fmall Breezes, j^Part foggy and cloudy, fome Rain< y u L r. I ft. Uncertain Weather, Part clear, Part cloudy, 2d. Breezes, little Wind, then a Gale. 3d. Fine Weather, then a hard Gale. Set 10 Miles South of his Reckoning, he believed from an Tnlet, F . 4^J^« ■■^t§ :,.«! > J 1 fx y-i .4 •rW^ i \ { ( ) ' » 1( 42 ) 4th. A Gale at North-weft, with Squalls, then fin^ Weather, ^th. Light Breezes, fine Weather. .. - ^th. Culm, fine Weather, yth. Warm, calm Weather, o^ Marble IJlandy ia Lat. 62° 48' 037 Weft from Nelfon River. 8th. A tVefh Breeze at North- weft, fine Weather, 9th. Variable fine Weather. . • ■ '• 1 joth. Squally, then moderate. ,- "' iith. Small Wind, fine Weather. 12th. Frclh BreezL% fine Weather, igdi. Variable, fine Weather. 14th. Breezes, fine Weather, SailM fi'om MarhU JJland. 1 5th. A fi-efti Bret ze, variable. 1 6th. Little W ind, then irefti Breezes, clear, 1 7th. Light Breezes, vVeather changeable. 1 8th. Light Breezes, Tart clear. Fart ioggy, 19th. Ahiioft calm, with Fog. 20th. Light Breezes, uncercain Weather. 2ifl.. Variable light Airs, and calm, and cleaf^ 2 2d. Small Breezes, fine ..nd clear. 23d. Variable, and calm, hazy. 24th. The fame. 25th. Light Breezes, fine and clear. 26[h. Light Wmds and hazy, thenaBreeze, clear. 27th. Frelh, then moderate and hazy. OS Cape Dobbs^ in Lat. 64' 55— 88' 42' Weft, 28th. Ligi.t Breezes, with Fog. 29th. Light Breezes, fine clear Weather. He makes Caps Dobbs, I'owin 65° 29' Lat. and 84° 37'Long, Well trom London. 30th. Calm going into IVager. 3iii. Wind South-tall, fair and cloudy. In Douglas Harbour^ in 6^" 49 Lat. 88^ 39' Long. Weft. y \ i AU- .■.St.- hen finp liver. eather. Marhk ■ ■ A. r. clear. : makes 7'Long. Douglas I > N . ( 43 ) . AUGUST. ':''-'■ i ft:. Little Wind, variable, then frefli, theft moderate and clear. 2d. Wind South-weft, a fine Breeze and clear, then North- weft, fine and clear. - - - - . , 3d. Light Breezes, fine weather, then a frefh Gale, fome Rain 4th. Part fqually, Part moderate. 5th. A frefh Gale at North-weft, clear. %6th. Freih Gales, ' ieet and Snow, ^rh. Frefh Gales, fair and cloudy, 8th. A frefh Breeze at North, then moderate. 9th. Variable, clofe, and fome Rain. ^' ' '" loth. A Gale from North-north- weft, to North by Eaft, cloudy and hazy. \ nth. A hard Gale, cloudy, fome Rain. 1 2th. Wind at North, fqually. " ^"^ '13th. Little Wind, at North, variable. 14th. Fine Northerly Breezes. Cloudy. '15th. Frefli Breeze and fqually. Sailed from D0U* glas Harbour. '!6th. Variable and fqually. * * - 7 " ! / 1 7th. Fine Weather, fmall Breezes. 18th. A hard Gale, Squalls, with Rain, then mo- derate ar.d clear. 19th. Frefh Gale and Clear, then ,a ftrong Gale and fhort Sea. 20th A ftrong Gale and clear, then moderate and clear. 2 1 ft. Light Breezes, fair and clear, then calm and clear. 2 2d. Frefti Gale and clear, then cloudy and Rain. 23d. A ftrong Gale, clofe and hazy. Sleet. 24th. Moderate, variable and cloudy. 25th. A Frefti Gale, hazy, then a frefti Breeze and cloudy. V 2 "^ . 26th. m ■si ^ , If k. !.»,..i!*'»""*- n* (44) ft^th. Moderate Breezes, cloudy, then a hard Galej Sleet and Snow, then lefs and cloudy. 27th. A frefh Breeze, cloudy, then lefs and clear. 28th. Frelh Breeze and clear, then little Wind, variable, with fine Weather. 29th. Frefh Breeze and clear, then little and hazy, then calm and Fog. 30th. A fine Breeze, fine mild Weatner, 31ft. Small Breezes, and fine Weather. SEPTEMBER. ill. A fine Breeze and clear, then a frefh Gale and clofe. 2d. Little Windst and calm, then a frefh Breeze and hazy. 3d. A frefh Breeze, then a flrong Gale and hazy. 4th. A ftrong Gale, then moderate, drifling Rain. 5th. Moderate, with thick Fog, then frefh. * ^th. Little Winds, cloudy, then a frefh Breeze with fmall Rain. 7th. Little Wind, with fmall Rain, then a Breeze; uncertain Weather. 8 th. Little Winds, hazy, then a Breeze. 9th. A Frefh Gale, foggy and ha2y. Got out of Hud/on' s Streight, ui&r/.;j; ,u.\ e I N I s, -:.:t^, r • 'y f i ■- '., . .■'-Ui: -:.*>/[ ^.'rt'*>* ^' ■' • *" w# A« '. . -i .^ f with ■^^ # *■: