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MINIBTtR, l<\ TIU, (OIMITIKF. O^J THE s .STATIHTU ^. Ac. tlltr« nry |.. rriH'tIv (H*« fn th>' ■'iTtH. I) ..f ihi. nn-n bi||li»tv of otM 'lit, o«r , hr vN iixr.iriMMi nl • railway b; lajff ; , PI r (' A I) I L L Y , /. lO o to en CO CJ1 ^^^^^ (^^^^ 7. 7)4 ^ -2 CONTENTS. 1 ^* (■.i;«t»ATii>«— Eitrset from TV C«jrt«m« ... ... .. •• 2 rnaauiroai>BM-t wiih MiniMfr*, 4r . i« rr tK* Pri.j*» t of «vinr»eptinm i Ji.>r .. 13 of ... 31 ... 49 iH ' t )..• iit tlii> OI.l Worhl. iil'Ir. iiiJ, Hi-, i,f. a •luiitr iii-lMriuii, J,';l, i_h.' J^t u.^ ( „|,Iv ,,f |»!HijM IV. tl.r n f.iv, ,{■ :,i, ..u i-iM.|.iilaf. .1 ^faj,.. |.„r a I,n«- |.r..i...rti..u nf a Im tf. r < !..,. rtllu«.^ full ,,f pitl. aii.l s;,,. a,,,) »\u1m niiit M(alit>. I.Kii.lii,^' in tli-.M- ui.M' ,1. r„rhi.r a tvrt.iin nnrti.-n ,,f tl„. urist.K-rdi.' uith lli,- morr -I. m.x rufic t Kmm i.t. rjut tiinim-: u ruM.lr I.m.sc upon a luw M.il. l.nt plimtiii - in f»»« t.-ni^Mi idlofiiKiif^ :ill flu ni.lii.uiif, ..f .i l.arn.ui.i..us s'.ifr. :iii:i|.,;/,,us to that in tlir ni..f Iki ( ,,ii„trv Tlius i,<.i «|||In |/. ttin- ri.l ..f ImnLTN cnivii.- iii..ufli>. hut furnisl.ii.j: ».nt l..r til. Ma^t. Kiirihix ..fii.t, Hi-, n.v an.l (-..iini;:! wl.i.li .•It liuiiir i> r.allv n..t n. , .1, .1. an.I ni.-r. ..ft. n o.ni.x t.. ill than (.. pi..,| llrr.' ..i.l\ lu. i.iu-. > ..ur artih.iul t nihaiik- iwvuU, hut th. rto.jurit .1 ..ri" in an a-im-hni ?iii>.'ht p^, lih t.. ii .Iisrrt K,.r niv part, in ni\ iisati..ii. ! shoiihl liki- that tiuh ix|M.rtHtii.n .1 hiiniun htin-s ha.I. um ..f ,.M. Its Ira.hrs an.l < hi. fs ; nan t.. mImhii a c. rtain . iwlHi^tahility nan III Miami thiir fi.ll.iHvrs n.uhl nu.ti.l. Thi (irnk.. •MhhrHt.Mal that. N«y, iw the cloiiv iiiakrs pr..jrrcsH I M.nutniM s think it nii^rht W uiko to p.' still furtlar. aia! n..t I'til.v tranM.laiit f. it a hi^rh Ktan.lar^l i.f .i>ili.ati..ii. hut .Irau It ii>..ri: d.iwh into n.niurtiMn with the pan nt statt . an.) rin«|« r the paHHafri> „f mmut intellect, e.hicati..n ami riviUtv ti. aiiil fro, iiiorr fm-il,. ^ drauKhtiiif? off thithrr the sp.iire Hcion.s of royalty itsilf I know that nianv of my n re hiK nU fn.ii.lH wonhl pooh p(.oh this notion.'hut I am Mire that the e.,l.>ny ult.»K'eth, r, nhen wriv.nl to a state that woul.l bear the uui»orttttiou, would thrive all tiie better for it. Aud when the iIav sluilJ C4iiuc (uh to lUl hculthful C(»lonki) it nju«t stHUur or lutcr conif) iu Hhifh the Hettlfnunt han grown an iii(lL']M.ndi'nt RtHti*. hi- iiucv thrrt'bv have liiiil the •eeda of a constitutitin and a civiliisatioii sijiiilar to our own, with 8olf-ed fitrms of monarchy and aristocracr, thoufrh of H sitnplrr^rroHth than old Hocicties atccjit, and not left it stran^'e nn>tle\ eliuow of stni^ding deiiMxrac y — an uncouth livid fdant, at whicli the Frankenstein may well trenihle ; not hecaiisc it is a (riant, but lu'cause it is u ^unt half coniideteiL Depend ujion it the New M'orld will he friendly or hostile to the Ohl, not in j»roi»orti<»n to the kinslii]) «»f nice. J>ut in i»rt>|>nrtion to the similarity of miiniKTN antl institutions— n mighty truth (>• which we Citlnniscrs have heen hiind!" n-'. F.. A. /liihi'ii' I.iifto,,, hi) tlf Hi'jlit fl"Htiiir find ft field for the sur)>lus cnerpicH of an Old World civilisation; and S>ir KdwanI has ^et forth the mcanH by which, as it were, the poorhouses of F.'ng-laiul uiay be shipped across the water, and turned into happy and independent homes for a hapj»y and independent p«tpulation." St.nuiiirtt, \'2fh Jui/utt, 18oh. Il made Ix'ncHi were Kmpii the pr Aflant Lake i on tin Island Th which in the lafe II I. AX(iL()-A8IAN IXTEKCOrKSE TU 6rtat ^nh'in iit the Mcstcrit ^cmisp^crc. I • i!"u' '""^'"K '■• I*""''*'" •'"•« '<> h.r««a» h,i- U.-n coimnitt.il an rmpirr on which Ihr Nun ncv.r -.-t*. nt th.it pr iJm- ih-H.^I at which »cift.tilic ditcovcriet havi- W..II tluir lat. -t riliiii;|ih« uvur ■♦imcv .in.l timi." I. '(\>.;t»f>,,„.hi,.', ,>i//, M}„;.(, ,■>, loffi,r I*,o.\,,t{„,j^, in the PhoJEit of coiiutrtimj thf Atl.iitth' .iwi P-iri/i,- s',.,l.i,„nlii, hjf „„„„>. ,,/a M'tla 'h,-on;h Tt-nuk- li,iili>,nt'. i.om 1.SK> to IH.".S. * • • In tlio ''J.,„.'thyl Of' t:i„)<>it,(l /..>.•..„.(./;..,/.•• so far I'lM-k us .March, ]?>:{;{, sir Huliar.l Uroim first droM- puhlic attention to tlu' ini)M>rt.int snl.jcrt of m]., ninjr .linct Ntcani intcrronrse L.-tmcn Europr jutd Asia l.v vonW of our pos- Rt'ssioim in Xortli Anurica, jumI plantiiiK colonies on nionHrchial princii.!* s uj.on the viu-aiit (Voun IuikU alonj? tlio line. Tln' won.U'rfiil j.mprcsH wluVli the railway movement made iMtwetn IH.W and IH-I^J, and the circumstjUKv that iKiiehnid «elds for the deveh.pnu'nt «)f such unihrtakin^'s were then Wnxjf sou^'ht for in all portions of the liritish hmpire, siifr^rtsted to him in the close of the latter vear the projVi-t of constructinj>; a railMav from Htdifax on* the At antic Seal.oard to ('ana4la, and thence l»v the heiul of Lake Superior and the Ked Kiver Settlement *to a terminus on the Hhores of the I*acific oeean oppohite Vancouver'^ Island. This wcheme Sir Richard Broun set out in a prospectus which he Kul.mitted in January, I8^k*), to various jrentlenien in the ( ity ^^f London ; and he also sent it to his friend the late l>r. Thomjts Kolph. formeHv Kmijn'ati(;n Agent in «{ Engknd far the OoTcmnicnt nf Cnniula, with a k-ttcr rv- qnefltinfT to havt; hiH opinion hh to the pmctimltility of the undertakinfT. In reply to this eoniniunicHtion Dr. Kolpli, on the 22n«l of January, IHk'», wrote from Ptrrtbniouth to Sir Richard, bm fuUowg : — ** I rctum to yoa, a< von de^in\ thr xny ulilc protperlui wliicli " you have drawn up, anJ only mnBli tiierc hail \wrn m imicb prmtira- *' bility in pun " ronstruction of «uch a railrnail m you rpcjik of fruni climaiL* as wrll " an from mountains. In the interniediatn distanrc Wtwcen Lake " Superior and Nootka Sound thcrv is an tufcnt of couIur^• «iubj«-€t to ** several niontha of severe winter, »hilBt between the Lake nf the " Woods and the rocky mountains the siirfacL* is very irregular." ^\'hil«t nroHccutinj? further inqnirien upon the Buhjeet, Sir Rieharu Broun olmervt*! in the Timnf jouriml of the '23rd of Mareh, IHIo, a puruprnph eo[>ied from a New Vork paper, lietuled " (iIoantic Entimm'RJsf," mentioning; that Mr. Asa AVitney, an eiiter])risinfr merchant in that eity, had just proi>oun(led a plan for the eonstruetion of a railnmd from the wentern shore of Lake Krie to the navif^altle j»art of tlie Coh)ml»ia River and th«> <)itp»ii ti nitory, to l»ceoiue the future medium of the Am(riro-Kuro|K'Hn triule vith China. Three; iiuuitlis hiter, whilst oeeujtied with the sami' matter, he received a note from Mr. Williiun Rridpes (who afterwards nctetl as sirretary to the promoters), datc«l the '2(Jth of June, 18ls'), suyinfr, it hiul oreumd to him that the present waH a very fivounilde ojiportunify for forming'' a niieh us to earry out his (Sir It's.) \«»va Seotia ohjcet** liy means of a railway, ami ofl» lin;; to assist in p-ttin^ tlie re«ne-si()n» in British North America, *' iiii;{ht, at the same time, enHurc our maritime uni>oHe<>l(8tacleri that ** might lie deemed inHU]>erMl>Ie. Since that time, however, my attentinn " having been mon* dirwtly drawn to the jioliey and feasibility of siirli a " «iii>r ti«ij,'h- " bours, the Yankercn, have aclually made su* h n »ur\ey 'iftlie line a8 l'> Hllll and •rica, It »f the lliat iitioii iirli :i aB to " rtfi^ itt Roorett no lnn|^ prohleaiatlciiL Tliii beiof the cam, uiA " its immraaarablf impoiiaiire to the political pre-otninence and <>onim(>r- *• cial pn>9perity of thii countn- b«'ing no aplZ-cvidi-ut, I think it i* a pro- " j»rt that aeriotwly deMTiet the utmost attention. The union of the " two oceani bv I^ke Nicaraf^ and the luthniaa of Panama would be " a far more formidable, and a ffrcat doal le«a desirable andi-rtaking ; '• whiUt th«' conjoint cnloniHatinn of the great, auprrb, and fertile valley " of the (»rpp>n, which could !« rendered an auxiliani- to thin pn*at " national w<»rk, would be fraufbt with endless blesiiin^ to thi< orer- *' jM^ipled kingdom. FiTe hnndird waggons are n4»w daily pnnsing '• tlinhijrh the I nittnl Stntot tirritork- to the shoren of the l'a«itic •* ii- Hty he drew up a Mkmori \i. setting <>ut in peneral term** the featiirtiH of the undertaking, and asking for it (Jovernnu iit eountenance and support -1st, heeauKe it wouhl suihts( »K' the necessity for making the conteniphit«'d military road jdt>n^' the houndar}' Une of N«'w Urunswick ; 2nd, Im cause it would afford a vant opening f<»r the safe and pnditalde investment <»f Itritish capital ; and. .'ird, bccaune it would ahovi' all things furnish |irogressiv»-ly immi-nsr faeilitics for tht; systematic plantatitui and settlement of the \\ht>li> vaeant frontier territory of Uritinh N(>rth America from the Atlantic to the Pjuitic. A coj»y of this Mkmorial -wltich forn)9 the hasis or grnundwork of the movement in favour of the cnteritrise wliieh has now hoen in progress fn)ni ink's to the presiiif h<»ur, f«>r connecting Euro|»e with Asia hv a line of steamhoat imd rjiilway communication through British waters and trr- ritory which yn]\ hring I^tndon lunl Pekin within twenty ditys' commercial intercourHo wtheach other — was pres( ntid to the then Prime Minister, Sir Kolurt Peel, on the 12fh of Jidy, IHIs) ; and duplinitcH of it, dated the 17th of the same month, were transmitted by t' following Mail to the (lovernor-tfcncml of ('ana«la, Li>rd Metcidfe, and to the Lieii- tenant-OovernorM of Nova S<*t»tia and New lirunswick, vi/., Ijord Viscount Falkland, aud Sir William M* H. Cidehrooki'. An American HtateHiuan, long before steam navigation tuul milway enter]>rise had l>egaii, predicting the im[H>rtm)ce I would one day be atUf-betl to the jimctioti uf the Athntfe Mid PmdAc Ooeuu, tha« wrote :— ** Ob broad frooads thia work Yum hf^n veil rb«nel«nMed m tb« ** MigtitiMt evrnt in bkwour of tb« peaci-fal intaroourw of luilkmi whirb " ibe ph^nicAl rirrttOMtAncM of ttie glubt prvwent to the rnUtrpriae of ** B«m. Tbe whole ii;>rld it intenstted io tlim work. 1 woald not " apeak of it with ■nctiitnal, rvt-n national ftwlin|f ; but if Kiin>pe is " iadiflerent, it would be giorj miqwMinf the eooqutwt uf kinfdona to " make thix grealeat enierpriM ever attempted by human force eotirelj " our own." On the rooeiiit howevur of thu Memorial aD that Sir Robert Peel tliil ui the matter avlh to liaad it oyer to Lord Stanley, then Secretary of State for the ColoiiiaJ I>epari. roent. Thie ^consct^uenee ha8 l>con thtit, nhilht under the auMpiceH of tliat First Lord of the TiicaHur}' and hin nac- ccssont m '»fttoe, a catpital bttwei-n the ycarH 1H4>.> and IR58 of upwiiTilM of £^{2f>,«)3.'),217 hajK lM*rn Hunk in railway Hpecu- lations within the United Kingdom irhieh hare entailed loattes on Bodctv of the luoHt frightful and overwhelming character, this «UJa\c and maguifioent euierpriHe — one wiiich in effect will add the reHoureeH t»f an empire larger than all Europe to the wantH and neetsNitieM of the mi>ther country— haa been allowed f(»r thirteen yearM to liang in the wind. And that too during a |Hri«Mi of time in which an tuiregulated, uncared for, emigration of upwardH of 2,221 ,4- Hi peraouH hare croMteil the Atlantic to Hcttle in the United Statea of America, to the loHS to thia country, r', the price net upon theiu |)er head by the .V»ir Vorlr ll,^aU1, of 2,22I,41(>.0.'>. But although Sir Robert Peel, tut a Prinit' MuiiMter capa- ble of looking beftire ait well aH after in things or planH of transcendant national importance, failed to do his duty in this particular matter, another member of the same noble hereditary order to which he belonged, appreciating Sir Richard Broun's laboarH in the neglectc). On tliiM occasion Lord 8tank>y (now Earl of Derbv) DruuiUed to Sir Riehard Uroim and luM aHM(HiateH thut ithduld tlie prott^ct of Anglo-Aatan int^rt'otirMe by way »)f British North • >eriea be favour^ ably entertained by the coloniiM there, th ; promoterM sh«>uld not fail to receive Hueh aiil und nuppori to the mattiT as the lni|>erial GoTeruiiient eould ^rive. During the autumn of iHf.'i, the folioMUt^ reitlien were rt("eivexiH'eti\cly iiddrewsed to Ihein, vi/. : — Firtt, from hiH riXeellency Visn>unt Falkland, Lieutenant- Governor of Nova Seotin, dated Halifax. Ibth Augiiiit, lRk5, ackiiowledgini; the Memoriikl, and Haying — " In reply, I \vg to «Mure yoo, that 1 conceive the mntt-rnpUtMl " Railwav would, if currietl into eflbct, be prodartire of no much benefit " to tb« Wovince of Nova Seotia. that I will iiio^t williofj^v do every " thiop in my pitwer to forward th»- vifw-ii of tlie projerton.'' Srcomt, from Ida Excellenry Sir WDlian< M* B. Cole- briNike, Licutenant-(i(>venior of New BrunNwick, dated Fredericton, 2!>th Aufniwt. lKk'>, ntating— ^ In reply to tlic applirHtion from the Mt inorinliMts for •a|>|M>rt from " the Proviacial GoTemoicnl of Nt-w ItninhMick, thai Im- bad ibe taiitt- " CkcttoQ of beinp alile to inform thnn that there wan a vpn- general " diiipoMiion to ifacilitalo and promote the undertaking in that proviocc ; '* that be hoped by the mxt Packet to forward to the Memorialistt " •ome information of the pr(icvt>fltrinp any opnion i i the fra'-ihiliiy of 10 '• openlo^ a rmilro«d rommunic«ti<»n from Montrval to the Puc ific fVoan, ** bin KxwUcnry in Council ion«tn, was uniililc to do nioro than ti> a^Hure them that tiiev " mifjht rely upon the CJMVcniiiuiit of tliaf Province for uh.itevir pro- " tection and «id it nii^'ht \m> coiisisipnt to rnidir ; and \\]i'T<- the '■ railway mi;,'ht pas>« tliioii;,'h tlie unooiiiidid lands of the Crown, riphl *' would Ije conferred to the Company of u->ing what was necessary for *' the puq>oses of the Hailroad.'' A liirffe and influential puldio njciting of the citizens of OuelK-'C, heltl on the 2.'}r»l Octtdtcr, iSk), uns, in furtheranee «tf tlu' jirnjceted railway. On this oecasittn. resolutions w« re unani- mously i»assefl, exi»rcssiii;_' tht- j^Tcat satisfaetion >vhieh the jtrooee(hnf»'s ado|iti'd in Ijundnti hy the jtronioters had ^nvrn to the people of Canaila. and jdedjjinfj: thi'citi/.ciis nf <^ti« hee conUallv to unite in everv ixtssiltle effort to earrv into effeet the proposed railway. The nieetinpr further resulved, on the motion of the Hon. Henry Blaek, that '' An nd'Irr'^'* should 1)C presented to the (I n criior-GcnerMl, with a " copv of the resiilutionv pmyintr that hi-' Kxcellencv woidd Ik* phaTd "ti> hrioj,' the sulilcct thereof under the favouralile coii-'iderftiioii of her " Majestv'i Cioveriimcnt, and tliat he would take Bueh other steps as in " his opinion might be deemed moat expedient for furthering the " undertaking." At the same period, public meetin|jr>i of the principal in- habitants of Halifax in Nova Seotia, and i>f St. John's in New llrunswiek, also took plaee, and conimitti'es were f(»rmed to ci)rres]>ond with thr promoters, ami assi-^t tli( n» in earryinf^ their vast dtsij^i into effect. The eommittcr at Hiilifax enibrace«l the names of the lloti. ("hit f .lusti'fris- iKtivo Ass(^ l»ly, the Hon. Hu^h Hell, Mayor of Halifax, the Hon. M' f^id T(d)in, the Hon..bi.>>«-pli Howe, and miiny others. That .^t John'.s comjiri-SMl the lion. .lost ph Ciinard. mem- b<»r of th( HTi'k, Lsui Betell. i:> John Dii Charles I others, \h_' entiai me biinkinj,: u On the Ji general morland, Seotia. to< Crane, in tial portii rsiilway ]»r "An ohjecl " North :m " lafed it) sti " and to affe ■' is so esseii Lnanii " Th.it t '• inpTs of th< •' cordially ■■ colonies, ii " ^'ivinp its •' iin|,'rftntcd " to a:i aimi " to the ailv • of the fm *' and enouu These \ille in fa others in .pie. tly p a^Teeiiiff t but also b tot]i) of £( eapitid to Halifax to I^»rd .»- on the ITt promoter.*- railwav h; II U»r of the Extrntivcnrnl Ix^nHlativf Council'* in Now IJruns- HT<«k, Lsuu'hiun Doimldson. Ks.|.. Mjuor «>1* tlif (.'it.v. W.J. 1^'ttll. INij., Pnsi.lnit of tin- ('iiitiMlHaiik of the rro\imi . John Diuican E^q , Prt^^idtiit of tiu' (.'ommcmal IJujik. Churles Fi.sher, MliiiIht of the Ltp^liitivo AssoiuMy. ami othern, Xk'Ui^ some of the most iiftivt', eiiciyctic and iiiflu- rntinl men in the col»»ny. with the wliole weight of the ItunkinLT ijjterc*»t in it. On the 1st o( XovemlKT. ISf."), pursuant to i>uMic notice, u jrenenil meeting of the inh!il>itant> of tlie eiMinties of West- niorhuul, in New Bruns«iek. and t'uinherland. in No\a Scotia, took |thioi>ut tlie town of Satkville.thi' Hon. William Crane, in the chjiir. This nm tin^'. comnoscd of an intlum- tial portion of the pnMic of liotli proxinces, viewing the riiilway projected by Sir Itiehard Uroun, as — '• An object do*Iy connected with the Ix-st interc^^ti of the llritinh '* North - ?ncrican colonies, and U'liij: at the i«me time eminently euleu- •' l.ited to strenjrthen the ties which Ixumd thtin to the luctLer ••ouiitry, *' and to afford the mcnnd of est.ililisiiinjr that }>iTfect ititercouir^o which •' id BO essential Jo their mutual i>rosjterity and hjippineM," Untmimouslv resolved — '* Thnt this meeting: re^.'anls with marked npprobntion the proceed- '• iiip-f of the promoter ■< of thin gre.it natluinl Jiiidirt.ikin:.', and will ••cordially co-opi-rate with thim nnd with tlu legislature* of tlicj<' •• colonies, in earrvinjr thi* mntrnitieeiit enterpri-*e into <»jH>ration, hv "pvinp its assent to fn-e jj^anis to tlie nvilwny of bucIi in-rtions of the •' un^'ranted land.s over wliiih the cnnt* lujj'.alr ! line m;i\ jm--; ; ;iii4l .il-o "to a:i annual aj)propriation from the pro\iiicial r.'Xiime-*. iin.|»<>rti.in.il '* to the ament within its power. " The8C movements in Quehee, Halifax, St. Jidiii and Sack- \ille in favour t»f the nulway were foUowrd up l»y nnmy otlieiH in the three cidonies ; and their Irgislature-* sul»se- • |nej tly passed fueility acts in favour of the nndi rtakiiig, agi'ceiiig to encounvgi' it, not only Ity largi; grants of lands, hut also Itv an miniial suhxidv (d' t"JU.()(M) racli. making a totiu of £(!(),()()(), in gmuantee of a niiuiiiiinn I'liviiUiitl on the capital to he exiMjntled in the construction of the Hue from Htilifax to (^u(d)cc. I^ird Staidey liaving. shortly after thr interview with him on the 17th i»f July, J Hi.'), left oflice, a Mt..\ioKi.\i. from tli«' promoters to the (jtieen in Council t»n the suUjrct of tin.' railway wa> presiiit< d llirou^^li his siicc. s>or. tii«' Ki^lif Hon 12 W. E. GbuliftoDe Further, un the i6th of Jimutu-}, 1846, a deoutatioQ from the jpronioters had aii interview ut the Colonial Office with Mr. Uladittonc, wheu Sir Uichard Broun placed in hin handn a " Memoraxdi m" relative to the con- stitution of li board of directurn for carrjin^ out the under- taking. SubHcqueutly, on the 'ilst of that mouth Lord Lvttlcton on l>ehalf of the ('olonial MuiiMter, i-onuimni- cated to the promoters that Mr. (jiiiuUtoue hatl laid their Mrmoki.\L iK'fore tlir l^ut.'tii : hut that. Ufori' mhisiii;; Her MaieMty to iHHue any si>ecitii' cotiiuiiiiids on the i)r<^j>oMitious wluch it i'ontiuiu*d, he required to olitiun nuu h tuller infornui- tion on the MuhjtK't, which information he wji» then enpruged in Ketkin^r. Further, on the 1 Ith of June in that year, l»rd Lj'ttleton Rj^un. hy direction of Mr. (ihulstone, ac(|uaint<'d the promoters that Her Muj< ^ty's Ministers luvd determined on undertaking a itnrvey of tlie country lutweei: lliilifax and Quebec with a view t«» useiTtiiining tlie U'st line to he adopted for a trunk railway, with reference to im]»- " laoterH would ('(nitiinie to jnw'iir tlnnc iirrRuppnieniM in .niiy way '' which they niijjlit nir.^iiirr n<|uisifc i'lT tbrir own inferi'Ht«, and fhaf " ill particiiUr li«' ^tlie < '(il.inial .Minister wa-< not awaiv of nnv reason '• for the iK)Hi{)«»iifnK'nt l»y tht-m of any procttirmpA which tlit y nii;:ht " have lu view with ruftrenct- to oiL'Hni-inj; a directi»>» f|M>rt in their \»>\\tr to the pn«j»'<'ted railway. Hut •' until the survey wliich i» now in jiMpr.nH >1ih11 have l>cen made, and •* -nome estimate foniied of the probalde coct of the undertaking, and also •' until the views of the ditVert-nt provincial legi-latureH a* to the beat " mode of carrxing it into etlect shall have b.en ascert »incd, it will be " pn-inatun; to inter into any con(«ideratiou of theaeveral proposal* coo- '' taiiied in your letter.' On optiiinff the LofriKlaitivu AkmiuMv <»f N<»vrt Scotia, 1847, hi8 Exct'Tlcncy, tlie lute Sir John liurvt-y, Licuteuunt* Governor, npoke as foUowt^ : — " The period at, and the ctrcumxtancen under, which we MeetjaflTord *' me the opjxjrtunity of rwcommendin;; to your continneJ attention an " undertaking scH-ond in its imitortance to none which haa ever engaged " the notice of anv colonial LegiHlature in any portion of the liritish " doniiniona. I allude to the propotied railway between Halifax apd " Quebec, which will conxtitute the most important link in that great " chain of communication which may be de.<4iined, at no remote period, " to connect the Atlantic with the Pacific ocean, and to comluot to a " Itritiith aea-port, from those into whieh it is now forced, that vaat *' stream of tra«le, not of our western poaaessionn alone, but of the " rich and e.xtenaive wheat and graiu-growing districta of all central " Ainericji." The final renort of Major RobinHon, who headed the party cniph)yed ny the Governnu'nt to survey the portion of the rtolway between Halifax and Quebec, bears date at Halifax, the Slst of Augn«t, 1848. As resards the aoil, cliniate, resources, &o., of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, (which provinces, and the part of Canada that lies south of the St. Liawreiice, still contains upwards of 14,000,000 acres of unsettled soil), this official document contains certainly the most valuable information ever collected. From it we learn that — " \o portion of the American continent pr)s<»eSH«« pr«*ter natural " rew>urw« for the maintenance of large and flonriohing communities. " An almost boundless range of the richest ik)il still remains unsettled, and " may be rendered available for the purjMiscsof agriculiiirc. The wealth " of inexhaustible forexts of the U'-t timU'r in .\merica, and of .xten- '• sive region-* of the moot Nalimble iiiineralri, have as >et been scarcely " touchetl. Along the whole line of sea coast around each island and in u • every rirer Htv t>> !«*• f -urnl the prp*t«»«t and ri«-he-"«t nUiimlant wator-|»ower ure «\iiil- " flMi' fir tiie oo*r»er inanu/'«rtun>it, for which an eMv uid certain '• market will l»e f>un.I. Triulewiih oilier continent-* i« faTuurcd bv the " |K)«,<'>?*ii>n of a large numWr of unfe and xpacioua harbourrt ; long, '• dwp and numerous rivers, and vast inlnnd Bca«. unpply the means of " o.iny inten-'nir-»o ; and tlie structure of the countrv gcnenilly affimK " the uinioat facility for exers "iJecic- of communication by Inud. I'm " bounded materinli* of atp-icullural, C'junicrcinl, and nianufncttiring " indiutry are tlif-re."' After tlu' receipt of this rcjutrt. tin- (luverimr-Ciencnil of Ctuuula a4l(lrc'SKr»l a Icttor to the Colouinl Mininter, ilatetl 2^inl December, Ihl^H, iii which he ohscrved va* follows : — " On the vast iniiH>rtnnec of the intended railway, whetWr aj offect- *• ing liiijHrial <>r Trorincial interest^, I fcil that it is altogether unne- '• ce>isar\- to in>ist. The snlijcci hat long been Ijefore the jiublic, and '' its niHuifoid rei-oranumlationi Imve liet-n nMy stated in Tarioos publi- " cations official and unotMciHl, as well as in the valuable reports of the " surveying en;.'ineers. I cannot, however, refrain from observing that *' while on the one hand no undertaking seems to ine so well calculated " as ihis to connect the I'rov inces together, to promote the intercnta " uliith they ha\e in common, to in«pin' tliem with a conrtciousnesa of " their own >trenpth, and tl>u9 to tit Hriiisli North America for the " fulfilment of it^ higli destinies ; so, on the other, none appears to be " mori' likely to increase the jnipulation, extend the trade, mid devcKip '* the local n-sooreert of each. And if this remark bt! true an applied to " Canada, still more cinphatically du^'s it hold good of the lower pro- " vincea." Oil the opening of railiainent in Febniar}', 181-0, tl'o report of the Muviviiijj: expe«lition was presentid t<: both HoaneH by Ibr MajcHty'M coninumd, ontl ordered to be printef the raiJwny were iiresented fi'ora Sir Richard IJroun to the ComnionH by Lord MorcuH Hill, and to the Lords by the Duke of Newcastle. These petitions urged upon the attention t)f the Lepw- hiturc that nuice t!'e project of direct Anglo-Asian inter- conrsc, by means of n railway acrostt the continent of North America, htul tirst iMjen mooted by him in the close of 1H11-, there hw\ been tui unregulated, umddcd Emigration from our shoren to the New World, in 1845, (»f 93,501 ver- Hons; in l^i, of 12«),H.-»1 ; in iHil, of 22i-,2ol ; and in 1848, of 220,053 ; tottd, (•KS7,rKl(;. TImt tlu rett;rn« made by the emigration oflRcers showed that in 1817 upwards of 2.'».(MK) of tht'A*- cniigmnti* hiiafr« out or iiumeiUately after Inndiufr, whilMt the mortality under similar circuinstancoK iu \H1tH exceeded 13,815; and that tLi> umouut of imtional blM«>d-^aultuK>iri — p'ent^r than that siuee occtisioucd by the f'rinicJin war ~nn well a*» other parn- iiiount qnentioiis of noliey, justieo luul humanity, odleil loiiilly for the I'rmtuai adoptioii of the HUgge«tiou8 whicli |K;titiouer had throHu out ; and therefore ho praye^c8 of Nova S< otia to ScDttish eniij^ants; and advocates, with " great ability, the settlement of that colony on the original principles " and views of its myiil founder. The pnijiosal is es^sentially based " on the rt-virol of Scoltii^h linnmct rights, and Scottish Baro»ct duties " in the western h^*aiispliere. The writer calls for an union of all " ranks in Scotland tv^ carry forward thio grand scheme ; and we trust " it will command the attention it obviously merit'^." The organ of the Landed Interest of England, BdVt Wukly Me*»engtr, also remarked of this paper : — ^ The leading article in the present number of this well-koown pab- " lication is entitled, * Scottish Agricultural Resources, and their Neglect '* in the ' Western llemisphere.' We do not know the author, but we can '^ confidently say he has eonferred upon his own country in p«rticnl«r, " and upon the kingdom ai large, a great benefit, by calling attention " to the immense sources of national pnwpcrity which lie within our " grasp." During the session of IHTjI, his Grace the DhJj^.:^ New- castle presented a stjcond and fuller petition from Sir Itichanl llroun to the House of Lords on the subject of the nulway ; the |>etitioner pressing the project of connecting the Atlantic with the Padtic seaboards by a chain of elementary com- Hi luunkt^on, ainl making it Huliscrvt' tLe grcxteml orplontiuir colonies at each footHtep, on the attention of Parliament a« one, the rcaliiiation of which wouM not only tliffuKe (treat Britain in all her LMKcntiiJit>e!« from the Oemiun sea even to the Pftiiiic waters, but would Hh»o, within the IioiumIh of this old and new monarchy, for everjUiUHe peace, «>]>uk-niv and proHperity to abound. The Houae of LordH continuing dormant in r< ptrd to this Itusineaj*. durinjf the Parliament ury KeKwiou of IH.*)2, Sir Richard Broun presented a nuuiorial on the subject of the railway to the Earl of Derby. I*rinie Minister: on the ISth of June in that year, he hea4led a deputation \«hich had an interview with Sir John Pakin^on, Colonial Alinister, on the same t(»pic ; and on the 2nd 4»f Septendicr following. Sir Richard adctressed, in print, a letter to the IViuic Minister " On the Imf>erial Halifax and Quebec Railway and Anglo- Asian Steam Transit Project," citing on the title-page these obserTations from the If>ilifI> •• th«Mr "lioiiMti " object lie cnj> On the l:i Minister, Sir the punijililit n'<|uestiii^' t ('ovirnniciit and his ii>s< poMors in tl Jiichurtl net i IS5,">, statin;^ " Sir WilliH •• the project to *• until it lind fir " und can lie ex * the formation " not fail to re<'t '• due to the in " inuirt'Rtb wiiicl In Februft CoiMiiions wa British Po^sc adntinistrutioi tlK'y possess ; IT MMl.jiH't to the I>(ikc of Xowcautlo. nho ua* tlun (uluj.ial MijiiHtcr. Ill Dt'cembtr, I8.'»t, a i.ami.IiKt entitled An'ih-Athnt lutfrcourf,- ria Or, -.it lUihu,, ,„ tl„ \\\.l,ru Jf. H,i^/./„ ,:. WM put uito print by Sir Kielmnl IJr.Min, MJtli a viiw to iulvai.cing the nrojcH. and kiei»iiijf tlie puhUc uh'vi- to iln nients; uiui the year folluwin^r, tlie paniphltt entit!«.l .iiutrahaj .l^V^/^ - .\V„. j:,:.„..'irL- i'>rtUE,„i.,vitutr h\ a retired ulhtvr. thus in»tiers the eiiteri«rise : - ' " r^^king thrr.uph ilie vi«ta of « f,.« nbcrt vonn wc c«n onlv ^ ir« • .>ew Hninvwick a-, llio Ai.i.ririn sido of ih,- gnar lii-li-ri \\:-rv ••on tlie road tu Cl.ina. Tlii, i- no .Irmvia ; i!,e idea 1 .1^ l;i!.n " r.K.t in tin- niii.d-* of ninnv iiiHii mini i^-.-pU' wli.. ,l..ulv >o in '• yracticHl.iliiy. Sir Kichard llrouM. one of ili,- «.„;, ..t ( »r.!.r ..f ** n.»n.mts of NovH Sroti.i. lia« d.\..t. d n.ueli tnl. i.f ni'd \nliid|.- -Ii,,.- " and ntlt-ntion So the Md.jict ; and by bim, in f..njuii<>tion «;tli ..d,, ,», •' tbr undrrtnkiii- liowcMi m.;..ii-" it n,. . l.e. at i.u (JiMinit 1 , iv d '• iiiav prolmldv W ci.rriiil , ..r. M,,;.- tlu' . a. ni. n-. -.f tbo^r «lio |Mir •• thi'ir vl.onldii-> to lb*" \.1ki I 10 cir.it -^o imio.tml and ^o ci;.;i,tir :.ii " object be rruwucd with ib.' .-iicccsn tbcv iinrit. On the liit(^ Sir Wiihani M.-lesworth heeomin^' ('..loniul Mini^^ter, Sir Kichiird llroun tr.iiiHinittrd to him c.i.io uf the pftiupliUts writt.n ^>\ ht'iii in IKV2 and IHU. with a icit* r re«|u»-stin^^ to 1..- inlui m. d wiu-ther he eouhl i.romisr (ioviriinicnt support to a I. ill to ineorporate thi- pn.j. ,tor and his ussotiatt s wit!» railwav lMakiu^' und eoloni>iii.' poM-ers in the J{riti>h A .rth AimnVan posMs>iun>. S:r Jtiehurd net i\i d an an-wcr, dated the ',Wi\ of Sei.tnul.. r, IS5,'), Ktatiii^' that ♦' Sir Williani Moloswurtb must declinr to |)ronouncc an opinion on •• the project to «bicb tin- rtminniniiation nddn>- rwrixi- from Ihr Alajostya (iovirnnunt lU- consideration •due to the iin|M)itniKT of the subjet-t and to tlie magnitude of the ** inujrvstb which it involns." Ill Fehruary, 18.>7, a Select Coniniittee ..f the II(»UKe of ( oniinons was apprinted to consider the htuto of thonc Irtish Po«.st '^KioiiH in North Ainerini wiiieh are under the adndniHtration ring of the present year another expedition, com- manded by Colonel Elliott, of the Royal Euflrineers, has been despatched to surrey the country ttom VancouTer's Island to the eastward, with a view to the conatmction of that great transit route across the continent of America, which all American writers allow to be the master enter- prise of the age. On tlie present Ministry coming into office, Sir Richard Broun addroHrtcd the following " MtMORANouM " to Lord Stanley, M.P., then Secretary of State for the Colonial Depart- ment ; and of date the 24th <»f April last, he receive" 1858. ^' **'**'»"'' ^V«Ht«ng voar«, are nofir^« /k^ ' >n Jtt45, 1846, and follow- Loir> DebJ7 "SnX nJi JTfi?S^^ ?*'*»«<» " Letter to sx^^i^^ "--" '"-"? j^^'is -- • ThM, P.mphl,u .u..v»,eh.dof»b,rabJi.h,„ " ■i •JM fh«- ll,.nu tJ'iv. riiiu. Tir. tin- (!..\.TTiitr »m n» r,»l « f i'.iiik.ijt. Htnl (lie I.'iilli ii;iiit-«;MV('rnMr-4 nf \.i\;l ><.ili;i. !iliniii>vM< k. I'll' > mKm til. II Mr-:uii- •! ;i Trox i^l.uial Culii- iritft ' < .Ti -i ■! iiij if t «» iii\ liiiif u' 'i'l« iHiii ifi tlii- n>^Ilt^^ .,.,,1 1.;, in rlir tlii»i' I'-riii^li Noiili Ann vii;m r..lMiiit>.. with !i \ir«v til ^i tfiifj "ti f- I't 11 ( >>\ I wi li' < . Ml*! 1 r.ft tlir lint' rnilli.r. l>\ ii:< ;iii- ' l' ;< r- | i • -Milalit'n tu iIm' (hut u in ( 'i.Miii il. |.. I il i n^ tit I'iUl'" I'lMiil . .\i:ii'l(> in tin' in-m*' anil !• .1 •;'i,tl |>ri >>. li ftiiif- I'll . ,.| .ni«ii'i "n. • \i'l:ih;it'.r\ jn'm- I 1 1. ix. ;(i.t T'I- Ml iit.il t' ni !itin'_' :i I'uMii- I'j'inii'n i.i fr "n?' of tlii» ^.ti :it t nf' rj" i-i'. \^ Ml Ii tiii,L:iit im>« ti> jr'utni f.-r liini uinl tint-*!' ;i^-M i il.il v^:l!l liini. a i'Ml'ilip' nt "f tln'^c )'rniiiisi's ..I" < ni'i»nr:i'j( nii't'it uml ;M'I w liirli Ir b ;■• in variuii-i l.^•(•!l•.illn^ V r .til tVuni Ci.li'ni '.I Mini-* 1- in thi- ••uiini vv. iiml tV Mil ill' \.< 'I N 111' !'\rr!. (i\i' 1»' pailiin III", ill tlu' ri-"\'.n»(> u'l- \ I n II II I .'i. I'r.mi till' r mmn nf nn nf > t' l.i- i \' ifi"!i". m ]i|-"- ini'tin;.: '.Ii!'* \m'i1\. nmlci'-i-n' 'I n'- f"n-i.|i ii '1 iIk' I'li'i' < ti iI |J,tn>'.av t.. Ill' an inn' r;alviii- t'l.. \a«-l ii it- riMiliM rrial fi'hl )>.ii;iral f at inr- t" Lrcairinl int" » il'< rt tin-' in-Ii t la- :i';i ncv ..f a!i iM'iliiMiy j, .int--! i •» !. civnininv : ami tlat ( ir- rM'.ii-'anrr |. .1 li:;a ami lii- ( i .'.ulinl • a'-, in i^l «. t" jiic-i nt ti» tlrlli. n I'rini' Mil;'-' f. SirK'.'Mit I'.'< I. llir M i '>'• i:i \i. ANiiili JMrni- »i'i' lia-i- ufall t'a' >t» p- wlii-li Ih-m' si,l -i- (|iii'nll\ I.I ■ n takrn I"!- llif |'ni|-~r \ nl.t a- iint\a-:'"l.' I nt i-'^ n.tv, ail'iv\' .1 t> 1.1' iiiif lii.t Miilx |.r:i-lii alil' . !iit ;il-i. nf )i)iiaaa.'inr inii-iiitancc t<» tlu' lirit i-li i.ati'.n on l.i-tli >-iil» - dt' ill" \llaiit:t' i.cian. I. S.i'ac im.iilli> an.r ;lii- >I; In 'I'lunU Ii'ail\\;i\ lint- tlii'M'jIi r.iiti-Ii s"il in Niiitli Ann i-i( a v.a- fai'i'nl I'V uii.l, !• i ji,, I ill tia- »'itv i.r l..imli>n. a lac reliant ul' N* >v ^■|.|k. Mr. /^ a Wliitiax. l.a.k >rt ].s t" -< t i-n I'lmt a n>ni- ^,an^ lln I'f I'l.r tlic |nir['' '-r nf r..!iiM rl iMu lln- Atlaiitii' Ma- li. . an! willi f!.i i', I ilic SI a|".rt-. 1>.\ a !' ■:!\v',i\ ti> traM i-r tin' I'liili .1 St.'fi -^ ;»'i;'i;(.r_\ . '1 iii.s ri\:il | >• j el. ilnrin- tin' la-l tliiitri-n \ ' ai'-. 1. - I'll II aji|ir..\ I'll i I '^ r. s.ilntii.i.s ]':i-m'<1 in it^'^ j'a\'iii:i' \>} n'> 1' >- (liau i.incti .ii ditVi iiiit sialic of tin • Ainriicai. rnimi. 'rin- {irt -< i-f t! at n ;..i' lie lia\. l.ai.r ail- \iicati.I i; " (-'111-! riK-; inn as a cd:'. .'V .!<■ (•i,'!;i;-.' mi ln<' trrunn.I that"!*; wu] '.v\<\ nmi.' i" llir u'-i.aii - nf tin if •• niMii'i'. . ainl lln 111- r.' fiT ill'' xv.ll-Ii'in- "I' t la ir l"'"! 'li'. •• thtiM a' iiiiiiu'.al ;;,^/«^ IV./.',-.- TIh- >uni nf lottdiiu i'.ilriiln. I<1 N» « ;il Cnlil- •|.ulll^^ fx. « itii III liiir III I II ii< 'ii>«' itiiil "\ j.MIM- • |..iii-l 1 iii>.ti'i- li". j.'n :it III! t lnf"!' iilsrs til rcii'-ii'li'' \\vy. iiiiil 111 111"- i;r\.r nt" Ihr. .' •lisfiiiit rmitrs r,;itli r. tl.i i-, ,>:i/. 1 1 -i n; !_\ "cmiiih.i!!;. Clltiil t.i ■• «.'iT.it lli-li\\;i_\ ol" Niiti.ilis •• ImiIIi i:]...;i i , .i.:;,,, r.i.:l .il.il liii!if,ii\ ^rrdiiiiils. Ami ;if (!,;, k.mih, . r v.,- ,. \i,,, .•[, ,,, ..,ii,j, , ;', arr iiliMiit f.i tijii II iiii i.lll.r i'l ll,,. (it, ,,|' I,,. U.I, HI Auth a \i.« r.i |.r..riiriiiu' li-i- it tlir mi|i|...| t . 1 ' I'.i iti^h i .i-it.il l.\ a >ali I it - |i:i I I ». ■'• It i- ll"^^.\ !• aihi.il!. ll ..n ai! -I.j, . tl'af t It.- -I. .11. st alnl ll- st rmifr \\,y Int. r-'.i a-iir l.!il.\;i\ .- tnlr.lllii' ;ilii'ii ill Ni'llll \lilrri. .1 li. > flir.'ll-a ihf ..^'l. I'.lMl-li |'.,s.,s,i,r,, ail"! IV III til.' Mill. !H.' t.i\. i| I, .f > --j.ill lis llir Si I. . t ('.' Mtliilt, . nil llli lllll-ili". li, \ ( .i.ii|. ili\ . iin'il f|,r l,r. Uf I \i.|.ii:i.tii.iis ,,t |',-,,i; ..,,!■ p,.!i';.i' r. it is , ^t.il li-',, il t! at tlif I ill; -^ir ll ::, .i'_'r;i|-l.\ In lu. m I..iKi Siip, i i. i|- ;ii,,| I'n^,! >,,imi.1 i-. with till s..li(;ii\ I All |ai..ii , f irii^-iiiL' flir I><'»k\ ^I.lI;|l- laiiis. |.i ciiliarlv lav .aiiali!.- \'>v a liiir ..f I'ai'uav.* Iii.I.i.l if is tiiiw r, It;, ill tlr.it till r,' ;iii im iii-n)., ra'l.' nli.«;acl, s tn at i.'irr |.|a(iii- l.i lu. i ii tli. s,. iliv|:(i,f i, nniui ;,,, j,.,,,, .J|,l|,. ulii
  • \. -t.'ni slii.r, ^ ,,f Laki Sm. fim-: •», .-.'.nil. liiat il..- r.i|»iri»iiiii .if l!:r I'ailwav l.twrcii ||;'"r,,\ aiai (.'m.Iii r. ai.il l.k.'wisr t!,i -i.tim if it fi-. Ill III.' l,,;;,!- i it\ tin. u-li t ),.■ Otlawa ili-t'ii'f I., tlic ill ail uf Lakr Sii)ii ri.-r. c-n mak. |.r.i'.Ti'ss tlii-'M" !i liicjij i.r.aiii/ati.iii ; aia!. tliinl. tliat tla' r.i;iiill\ aha'iiaii-- >\a\i' ..f |ni-iii!a'iiiii in t'lr riiiii] Slat.s «iiv\ai'ils tla- tr: rit'iiiis I\ iiiu:' i" f u. Ill fin- lui) I{i\ rSiti! - iiii'iif ati.j till- Ikurkv A|ia-.Mt;.iiis ; !,. ii< ar i' jipriiacii if i In' » \|'iiy of till' lliiilsiin's Ikiv < .,ia;:iii\"s lir.n ,,• .'f (mIiimv.- frailf till ! Ill I a'. III. 1 M.iinii'i ij. hi:'. Iiia:.a!ar\ .|Uis:iMi;. ainl il!i. r |i"!i''.'al r. a^niis \i,n\ ;iiiik i it iii tv.iitn n; . i - sa?_\ 111 I'l ml JJriti-li lilnnil ami iiiviitn;. s in jl^. \ ,,-ai:t -.nl lii'hvi'cii Lakr Sr.in vim- ami tia rarilir (»i"an; it is |.i..- |i'isril arii'i- lla^l. r to iih.m th. I|;ii;-i' of ( uiimioii- !• i II aye to l.riiiLr in a Dill to inc.-. [.laat. iIk ('i.iaiaii' r. .. r: . il to in tile arcoiiiiiaii\ iiiu' )iriis[i, ('• ii«. i.i.isi,!. ,1 (!■ (i.o.ii'. Mil lit will alli.u it to lie int r..iliir. .'. lair uv |. -^». -i , a la'.i.i.'!, ri,;! nil a -nil ami w ill atla-.l i.i i.!i.I. r-i- in i . n I la- 22 coUetk((ue« timt iu«l itud support wlkkli uu piiliUc ^rooutU tbey Tiiiturt* to Holicit uitl ixitcct. 7. The draft of a Bill to luroqtorate th<> ConiPiitiy. han been prc|)Rri\li(» is villiii^r to iiitriv tiuco it. The draft htiM iM'tii fruiiit «l upon th« hkhIcI of thi* ]{iU for incorponitiii^ tht- '* llHlll^Il .\\i» Amiiih w (iRkxt K All. WAY L.\.M> t'oMi'AN\," nhich \«a^ pii>si>d ill the ScKHion IS.')l-o : -whifli bill inc'or]Mirut(', Hiid Hueii other ]Hr>oiiK hh uftiTHtird iiii^ht hoM »t<>(k iu the undertakint;. .\iid in udditinn to onliiiHrv UiuIhuv lUHkinff powers, it seckH tiie partieuiar hooiiH hiuI priviltgeN which are referred to in the j»rof.pectus. 8. The encourHfrenieut of a (iovernnient ^iiunuitei) of a miuiniuni dividend of 5 jNreent. to all liuilwav uudertak intra in India haH already littnieted. iui«l is now nttrtutin^^, mtich (*a|>ital to that i>art of the world ; whilht Kome tinic hack a liHt of new inteiideu ('onij>unieR with an afrjrrejrute Share lanital of £2»{,I'.)0,(X)() was referred to in the Thiir* neMs|ia|K-r - iroin whieh it iippears that of the said Muni no Jos than i'IW,(M)<),000 i(4 re«|nire»l for Fonifrn Mpeeulations of oiu- kiti)I or other. \). Ill thi- M'lir iK'iO, the Karl of I)«rl»v stated in Purlia- nieiit with n>peet to that iiaiticular ]i(irtion of the Main Trunk Jiailway whieh lies l»et\\(«ii Hiihfax and (^uel.ce, tliat, " it oii^ht nut to l>e regarded in a pound, Hhillini,^ and jKiiee point of view," and adiUd that had he then iK-en in nftif«' he would not have hesitutrd to sanetiun iiiid propo.sc to I'arliunient u p;uiirantee for the mnital nteilcd to make that Heetion. viz., t*7., providrd the line should effect the frri'iit advant:i>r«"S whieh iiiinisterH wished to he derived from its e<>iu]»lt'tion. ^^'llilst then ake Superior and the l'a(iti<- ( >niiii no guarantee iri asked. In lieu tin r«Mif it in, howexr. m-edful that other indueenients nhotild Ite held out for the eapital neetled. huUu'cments sueh .is .shall Im? roniinensuriite with the ^rreat- nes.s and ininortanre of a work whieh contemplates these two-fold euuH, iiamely, the fonstruetion of the most jripantic railway eror projected, and the planting of infant coloniea uj>on inonarcliieal prineiploH at every f«M>tMtep .(K)U niilen of railway now eovern the 23 it- Utiit«d Stitttti of America, utade ut nn ex|>«n«4; o( from £»,0(K) to £l'2.()00 a mile um cuiupand aitli i';i.'>.(NK> to £40,000 prr mile In thin countn*. In that r«'|iuMi(- tlio principlt? of fncourn^'ii); umli uii4tiTtitkiii^'<« l»y iiu tiiiH «»f TCritiitfr ill rompuiiif* txti iihivi' tructM of the Tiiciiiit M>il over whieh thiir Vuiv* |»ii*'», hu-* Ikiii wiiUly uiitl Ik iiiHeiaHy adoitted. The llliiioiM ( riilnil HHilwiiy Inul ^'ritiit« il t<> it by ('oiijrresK 'J/»fl.'».0(lO m-r*-^ of IiiimI iix a iMtiniM t«> imluce m|>ituliHtrt t«> • iiiliiirk in thr xhcinr. 'I'hr |»ri»jrctttr nl*«» of the Aiiitricuii I'lu-iHe Kailwa,\ ii^k^ tVoiiit l>ll;^^l■^H tliirly iniK i of IuimI on tu( h ^i«le olthr liiir. nr a -nip «•!" ttrriton *i\ty milc8 lirr»((l front terniiinis to tiTniinii«. 11. This prinsi«xip|ii aii«l Itah. tlio flotiri»liin^ liru ftitti-n nl' Miiilitxita. loua ainl Kali-a-* vitll their nuimTou> eitit's. to\Mi» aii)l \ill.i;.'«'o liavt* >pruiitr into existence is \\Un reeo^'nisi-d and a«"tid upon in the Uritisii North Anierii'un IVoviiM-r-* ; ami ri-emtlv l.(NK).(>t ni otVeird hy the Provineitd < iovernnunt to assist the tMriiiation of that sfi-tioii of the Main rnink KaiJMay iK-tUicii tia* Atlantie and I'aritic Oreans whiili shall run across the Ottawa District. Ipoii this point too. in reply to a nainoii.d addits-ttl l«y ninh r- sij^Mieil and olhn-s in .lnl>. IS|.'>. to tlir Canadian JArentives. the tio\»riiiir ( iiiicviil (Lord .Mrhallii in loimril agreed "in iMtnsiilt ration of tia- xa-t inipoi iiinrr ot' thi r;ilwa}. and that tla- tindi » takihir wa- wt II woitliy of thr ronntrn- atue of his (io\i rnin.-iit and of the people uf that and lln' neiyrhhouriiiL' British rro^inees," to confrr on the t'ompany the ri^:ht of u^i'i^ th«' nneoneeded lands of tIa- Crov^nin Ctunuta M heresiH.'ver the railway nii^dit pass thron^li tliein. 12. AsHuininjr tlmt the expense of fttnnini: the railway from lijike !superiorto the I'ueitie (»eeiin, h distain-e of !..'M>0 to I.V(K) miles, will Ik> fr(»ni i! I2,(MN).000 to i l.'>.(¥N).(NM). it is sninnitted for the eousidenition of the Coloniid Minister that the Coinpuny shull Imve nested in it hy net of I'arlia- m<;nt n free gmnt of fifteen miles of the vacant land on cither side of the Railway aloinr it8 whole lenj.'th : to^'ifher with the power, as such landholders, to raise portion of the capital needed hy means of rede«'inal)le land not(>s. 13. A precedent for rucIi artiticial capital or c. inventionid currency is to be found in the ineiliod Itv Mhieh several < f the Tinited States of America were ti- 21 iiioitx ut* David lluMK-. thf liiHtoriuii, vho, in u letter to tlu* Al.lu ?»I(>I!« 1!. f, >;i\N ; •• III nlir ColoilV of IVllIlhVlvHIliM tile IhikI it>eit'. Hhicli i8 the chief coiiiinixUtv. is rohuil, uii«l Iiu>-e!* iuto rirculHtioii. A iilnnter, iiiiiuediutely nftcT ht: iM'<|iureH liny IkihI, eun jro to u |»ul>he <»ni<.v uikI n ccive iiotex to the uniouiit of half tli<.- vahie of hi-^ huid, which iiuten he fitiploVK ill idl itayiiioiits. umr they eircMhitc thr.tugh the loloiiy hy eoiiveiitioii. '1 o j-nveiit the cohiiiy from iKin}; o\erwht lined l-v this tictitions nionty, there arc two nuiuo eniidoyt d : lir-t, the notes issued to imy one jthtnter Inu^t "ot excei-d u eertiiin sum. vli.itevt r he the value of his land ; M-e(»iidly. every phuiter is olilij.ed to oay haek into the |>ul»lie ollire every year oiie-tentii part «d' his noteM, The ^hole, of Course, is HnnihiJHted in ten years, after vhieh it in a^ain ailourd liiin to take out new note, tu half tli'- \ulue of hin land." 15y tlii> Ken'^iMe, Mitelii v< nt.and indej^emlent plan of having: an arlitiriiil or ^vnl^oii(•al eurrenex of tluir own — ».<-. I v eoiiiiii;- llair land into i.iont y inste.ul of Ik inur d?'|»end»'iit on iiioiii'ud nan. or ciii-italisl^.tlie deseeiidant^ of W illitUJi Vi. nii e'eareil lie for."-»l, coiivertetl the harn n land into fruitful h( Id'^. iiialih'd the cultivators to enjnv the f)uil» of tlieir I'ljl ivjih.iiit Ik in).' eateli vij» li_\ nioiK \ -li ndi rs and iihurers, and iai.'i the foundation of tl^.* indepc ndeiice tuul future ^r- M.U'^s of (heir « Miintry. n. |{ut in i> Idition to riu'siti!,' part of the CHidtal nee >..'y, and with a view to ;.'i\iiiiniilar to th<»«.c V(>ted \>} \\,v Crown in Mill in IIr' li!i-ii Sc laidi.'s ^ll«luhl Ik- attiliated to the Company, and l»o iiiipowircd l>v Act of I'arliana'nt to lew l>v assessment on ihcir respective couiinnnities funds to In- exp«'n(hd in shares in the Cojnj'anv'M Htorutiou. hs pruprietun u! Kuilwuy 8tiKk. uimI IcttHOtrt of fariiin iiloiiir it» line, would hhortly bitoinc tlu' ncipifiiti* of large ujiMjiutK, the owtiits of t'XtcU8i>«' )>utroiiat,(t.', uii'l the (liHi>eii»i>rH of nmnifohl iKiieflU. ]o. The prtvi'dcnt for ntlontiii^ wncli a rourj«e m tlii«* i* the iiiciuomhle t»iie net by Kiug Jiuiiet* I., when, for the noble oiul iiutriotie purpose of estaitliKhiiiu' that ''en grent ii province oi the tiiijiire us all Ircbiml Mithni the pule sluaihl ni »re Mn\ more rtonri>h not only in the true pructiee <'l" reli|.M'oii, ciAil liuniiuiily, uno in the affluent^* of riches ;tne-i Nlh..'t^l-I- JUTes of es ol" tlie prineipttJ Livery Companies of I.oi.don, nnd ere(ie, and Bubhccpn atly (in IGl'Jj, the Hereditary Order of Hakonkts ok iRti and. I<». In thJH wav, whereby i()0.(KX) for thi8 c(»loniKation nndertakinpr was snjtjdied by the I^ontlon IJvery (.'ompanie^, jual t'.'J(X),(XX) by the Ii»».ronet>< of Knplaud antl the lUironets of Ireland (u very hir^jre sinn in the first onarter <»f the si>iii- teenth eenturv'. the )ii< vitorious vievs ol Kinjr James I. and bin Ministers Mtre s(. » ttVetivelv promoted, that I^>rd (, hii f Justice Daves records the fact th«it ''in the short space of niae yrarH nmre ad\an<'es wire j.iade towards the rtf«»rnisi- t(on (»f Ireland thim had l»een made in the four hundre«l ai.d forty years whitli had elapsid tiince the c*)n«|ue»»t of it was lirst atttnipted." 17. Seeing that within the territory- bounded by I^ttke Superior on the tast and iiy the raeitic Ocean on the west— :ui area which, for svtth uient purp(>scs, is larj^er than Fruncc, Spjun. ann in Kn^land thiit " n^riat statesman long ere this wocdd l.uve planned, enconrrid, litlorncMl, and ennobled Kmip-Htion." undersigned would l<( u vi\i\ the attention of the (olonitd l^linister to the fact that the t nc(»uragement of colonising labours by a profuse be- stowal of hercditiu"y titles of nobilit>, and graids from {l,e Crown of large tnicts t (viti !• 26 Bevlj' all BritUh Nortli Amerie* Ijiing iKxath uf thm riT«r St. Lawrence) waa erected into an heveiUtury Vicb- iOTALrt iii farour of a noblo 8cotU«h faoafly , and to pro- mote the plantation anon monarchical principleft of a country whidi, iSrom geofnrapuical poHition and material reaofirces, mnat ahrajm be the arx ft domidlium of Brititth puw(.'r and •npremacy in the Wtnitem Uciukphere, His Mrye»*ly CMtal^ lifliied the Babonctaok of hkwTLAND and Nova S* otia l»y chartcm which provide tliat eat-h member of the OnK-r HhaJl have, with other pririleges, a grvjit of 10,000 ar/eH of land, to be held of the Crown va a free haront and regality in aJI times cominff, together w:ih heretUtarj' seat »m\ voice in all the Legi«lative AH»en»blieM of the Colonv. )8. By con«tnictiii|r u Mmn Trunk ka^jway from I^jike Sn|H.'rior to the Pacific Ocean, at leawt three great eni[)oriuiim of trade and commerce will be built wpon the I'ae under tlu; auKpiceB of the (.'ompany, viz., a Port-Towii at both Tenniiii. and a Central City niid-Miiy between tl'.eni, situated not far from the head waterH t)f the MisHih^ippi, the fnt- navigation of which river in a long-ncfrlectcd uiid ubnost forgotten privilege appertaining \>y treatv to the people of Great Britain. \Vnil8t, however, such orks, jwmiII as the l»'a>ing of the fifteen miles of territory on nwli si»le o<" the railway, niUHt neecHsarily throw into the haiulH of the Company both political and municipal influence of a vat.t amount, it in neither a^ked nor contemnlated that any eicluMive privileges of this description Hhould be vented in the Company as a Corporation. On the contrary, it i>* inl» mUd thnt the Com- pany should receive its Act prc Burke in in the V 21. 1 tion of lations e the eiup any porti of civili«) In-'ing so brigades the Kiulw of water ' o u rliiii^ iiiiHrutiu] to their prf8<.'rviitioii h* tlependenck'H of thr ]»ariiit c«>uiitry. \u conuueufin/ the great work of f<»iuiiliiii; a Traii^-uAtlantic Great Britain uii the line of tliis projc -tod railwHV in tlu>»c huiuaiiitics of loyiUty,of induHtry.aiHl puMif %irtuc which jirrvail ut hoiuc.no better preceiK-nts cun Ik; fuuud than thu*v h<'t in I'lntcr au«l Nova Scotia l»y JanuK I. nml llurlc!* I. It in alh»wt'«l on all Hides that the cuuncillorti of tliewe nionun^hx jK-ted with con- Bujuinate wisthmi mu\ polii y. in rcjmrd to the culonixation enterprineH to which tlu- Kn^dij^h, Irinh, »uid S<-ottijih OrUera of liAK<».\ETAoK nohility owe their origin. >\ itli u view al*«o to the introduction of an hereilitiiry iinnttKruey. >»ith i>oli- ticjd privilt^res, into C'aniula, the Act of the M (ie«». III., cap. 31, wa.s puNHed : and the dehate.^ in rarliiiniont uj>oti the 8uV>ject, which end>race the vic^s of I'itt. Fox. and Durkc iu the Lower Houkc, an«l of l/i>id (Jrenville and others* in the Upper, >ire worthy of the dcej't -t < oTi-sidenition. 21. It is contemplated that in the il-.'l for the iiuorpora- tion of the ('onij>any jiower ^hull hi taken — undir njfu- lations engurijig the strictest HUi»ervi«.ioii ami control for the employment of Convict luhour. To prevent. ho\\evcr, any portion of the territorj- to he hrou^ht under the inHuences of civiliMation through the medium of this Company from lieing H«»wn with '* rotten seed." it is su;/;;r>ted that such hnVade« of con\irt woikiiuu :i.s. during the eon«tnictio)i of the Kailway. may Ite u«i»d as *' hewers of wood and drawers of water" upon the liin', ^hall have no fixed or htationary o<"eupation, out he kcjit constantly u]»on the mo\t'. a<> an ftnM-tiees, johhinfr, and inetticiency in the Itoard of Direction ; iuid to give the company a statUH ho superior to that of an ordinary com- mercial tKxly a.H t<» nuike ^en'iee nnr the younger soun of gtiod faniilies ami the edueated of all professions, it is iutendinl that the Hill ft»r the Company's a<'t of incoqioration shull contain a claust> pro- viding that the (Mtvernnu'iit shall nominate and appoint one- third of the Hoard of directors. '2^i. It is unnecesMuy to introduce inlo this Jfr.Mou amum any ohservations of an arguuK'ntalive charm-ter in support of the Kuggestious whieh it contains. Itut. in conclusion. undersigiiiMl may remark that since thin y>roiect f«>r inter- course J>etween Kurope and .\sia hy a route which will bring Ijuudou tUiJ Ptkiu witliiu tweut? tliiv* tvolIx of tiuh otiicr, — uij.l tliut t(»<) ».y a mtxle whic^ wifl cimhlc our wil.lcriH'8» Dr.HMMsioiw lKtWi.tu Luke .SuiK-'rior wid Fort Lan^rlev to (»utHtrii» all t lie »tHgrt'8 of national j^roMlh, a spring ut ouce, p^ff^iltuu,, intoiniportunci, {M»|>ulatlon, opukun*, iukI iniwer -UHM first i./o|>oiunica to ho fXiH,n«letl in JUilways in the mother rountry have l»ee.» um foUowH, viz. : — IH41 J |H4.J-»i It' 40-7 I84.S-1> I M !'.».. H) 1>».-!«Oll 48 l2i 1.'70 ly.i isr, 'M at 'A ft[ 71 7. J ;>'.) H4 ('*])it'il Aiithiirixed by Mini 8 and Ixaii*. X-.'(),4:>t.(;n7 .v.M'j;i.4:.2 I3l.7l3.-.'0(i 44,-.'l3.13'.« U.GJO,471 3,l5.j,<)32 4,1I.').63-J U,:».'j3,27j 4,33;l.H.'54 !♦.•-' I KGO-i y,iy2,'»38 .'»,7.s|,42li 10,Kst;,4l3 —show ill- a tt^tiil of 1.285 atU, «iul a raj iial <.f £3'_'6,033,217. i^. Withm tlie winie jHTiod of vear>*, the Euiigrution Htatihtics Hhow that the f..lh>Hing nunihcrs have left vnr nlioreH for Anurica, >iz. : — Yniro. l.'^l.; 18 w; 1HI7 IHIS I :4'.» IH.'K) IM.-»1 lKa2 ih:>3 1HJ€ 1857 I'l' .-ar ('••lo.iii'S. 3l,S(i;} 48,4;;'J Kl'J.CiMO 3i. 4i.:i«;7 .•<2,;»r,i 42,»i05 .M2,H73 3 l,.V22 4.J,7(;i 17.!h;« IG,378 21,(HH ■]■.. fl. 142. 1. -,4 iHS.J.i.-J 219,4.V» 223.078 2G7.3.'i7 214,261 23o.S.rt.', Il»3.. IS* umkTMVnc I'M la our?'}:^^! ^"' 'l'.^'"" *''^' L'^ yearn of Railways suu ' J J;;.;v Tslr" ''^"'"'"^ "' "^"*^' '^' '-••■ cas^'u';;^;;^:';;^';" of t,.. iH»w render to liim aii^lh - « • <^;'J'»'«uil Minister will '•>* not Mcoiul i„ inn ort»^^^^^ U»JI 'kinch for nut.unul olj.vts That he i. cntit;",r;?;^r;i ;^ ;; r.. ';:£^s '^* '' Kreat work slml/no ^^^ '"'"* "V^*' .''l'""""''^ *»"^* <'"''* N'-r will MiS,^ V^'^pT-^'""'*: »•'■*» r*'' nor postpone.!, writing on H^^^^^ ^^'^' '^^'ht thr l.an.l- there \>e a hulwai k of UriMsl. poMvr tuJt'lT huh iT ''"^ jjrretttueHHtotheendoftuiic. ' "'''''^^^^' «"•' in('{MKI> IIUOUX. '.v/* Jy.,;/. iK.-,s. IUkt. o..i^oJ::l«:':^';L,S^,^tt[.,te,;;:^ .« fuTHofi'*, papor^, iiihI rc^'onU : hihI hiivi* powrr to rciMirt tlii'ir ohrU-TViitioiis, tofrctluT with the niinuto)4 of evi«UiaT tnkt n iH'fore tlnin, to the Iluus«'. Tho C'oMiiiiittec coniuitiiciMl itfi Hittin^M on the 1 8th of Ft'trimrv, 18.')T, uinl coiidue traversed by tlie British rucitic Ifiiiiwiiy wliieh has ever api>eare«»iikor " of tlip I^jrii«l«tivc AiMinilily, nayn ; — ' If any proifct wiw iiit«\l or " »ft afloat for carrying a Railway across the N'orth Aiiirriciui Conti- nfiiit, I litlieve it in conceded that the j)ortion of llie continent ovtr which thf (^iwn's Government extends is the most feasilde nmte that can be adopted.' Witness -^ays — ' lie han heard that opinion ex- l)reiM»ee more an Im|»erial qncstion than a ('(doniai one. It is too large nn e\iH'rintent for Canada to make with her present re!r a means of thorou^'hfare and acorns to harlioiirs on the wcflern loast of America, and for tlie through tradf from China and India. The construction of tlie Railway is a mo^f ini[>ortrtnt subji^t, npprt entirely fruin the ii|¥ning of the country through which it will pass." " Witnesh mentioned to the Conunittoe that the Canadian (iovern- ment has oflfered 4,iMK>,(HM> wres on the Ottiuva to any Company that may undertake to construct a Railway there, lie considers that there is no difficulty in settling the north shores of I>ake Haron and I^Le Superior, iind thinks it <|uite possible to run a Railway along the same. Speakinp of sn« li latter line, he says — ' We desire to hare it c.irrie*! ncro*» the continent, Ulieving that it will be for the infmit '• Iwth of the I ** that thetnwl *' From the he " of Canada an *' of upwards t " fom>ed, he C( " Railway exti " Mountains tc " From th( '' eleven years " territori»'M of " visiter! every " Rockv Monn " Uiyer Settle " alllunifrh it " Rritish Ame " of the W.knI " fa<-ilities, and " unfavourable " chewan distri " and fit for S4' *' Indians has I " have sucreei " vf'ifetables. *' Winnip«*p, i " grfiwinp witi '* Red River S " that the land " might be pro " a woody com " found, and lai " tn-es are pin* '* lieyes the m)i '' some of the ( " kenzie River *' It is also pro " bourhood of i " on the Teace " parallel of li " winds b«'inp '* quantity of i " the climate o •' River Settle " the neeessari '• Itutii of the lnii»rial ami iif the ( nnnJian (I-»vernmt*nt : and we think *' that the tnuU- with riiinn niul Inihn inij;h' In- vay " of ('atuitlnaDrl thf ll<<\ l{i\ .r S,tiK>nn nt, t!uTr i* a ili-tancc, ho think*, *' of u|)WArJi of !,_'(►() niih'*. ih,. {J.nuHtiun ..f which, «' at pn-nent in- " formed, he coimIiKts to lie perfectly fea>il)lc, nnd he h'H>e"« to "t'C h " Railway exti-nded in time frviiu th.if wttliiucnt *ct\>*^ tlf Rtifky " Mountains to Vaiicouver'0 Inland. '•Col.oMX I.EIKOY. '• FiT>ni the minute^ nf the evidiiico of ihi< ^itneK-". who re^idi d "eleven yvara in North Amerit.i. aixl pa-<-eil nearU two vtar"* in the " teiritont-s of the nnt|-*«m">< flay ( Miii|inii\ , it apitiar^ tlint he lift'* " visited «'very jilaee of nny eim-eiiiuiiec I* : ween tlie ea-t «iilr of thf " liocky Mountains and I«ike Siii-t-rior. II.' roiii»i.UT<« that tli-' Ked " River Setthment i-« jiretty will adapted f>>r nL'ri'iilmral puqni**'-. " Bllho\i;:h it diK'H noi Uar eoiiipnri>ritish American f.doiiic«. iHtweeii ilw Wainy Lake and the Lake " of the W'oinN is a n'^rion which sciiua.to him to pi8»4"«-< a^rriculniral •* facilitiert, and to havf conditions of s«>ii and climate ixrhap* not more " unfavourahle than in ni«i\y parts of Lower Canada. In the Saskat- " chewan district there undoul»tedlv '}■* land wusct ptilile of cultivation " and fit for B4>ttleinent. At Kort Ouinberlaiid a settlement of ci\ ili-w-d " Indian:* has b(^n formetnio(>t, and rariou'^ " veiretable<<. lias wtu near Norway llou^e. at the top of Lake ** Winnip«*p, rhubarb, p«as, cabliapes, and mnnv other vepetaltles " prowinp with aucffss. Huftaloc* swann in tlic re;;ion-' near to the '* Red Rirer Settlement, and live on the herlmpe of the plains. Allows " that the land is fertile where such herlmg*' is, and that other pnxliuts " might U' prown ujxm it. j^ays all to the north of Ijikc Sujterior '\* " a woody conntrv. Therv qnanlities of trees of tive fi"eeh. Kast of the Rocky Mnuntairix the largest " ln>e8 are pines, and they •seldom exewd thire feet in diameter. U«- " lieves the Mjuthem jmint of I>ake Winnii»ep is aliont tlw^ latitude of " iome of the finest e«>untrica in Europe. At Fort Simpson on Mae- " kenzie River, in about latitude 62", barley grows verv well indeed. *' It is also grown at Fort Norman, in latitude 64 31'. In tite neigh- " bourhood of Kdinontou coal i> louud. It ia alao found m-ar Dutivegan, " on the I'eacc River. The further you go wesmard along the same " parallel of latitude, you conte to a milder climate. The prevalent ** winds b«-ing from the westward, these bring from the Pacific f> large '* quantity of moisture, which moisture has a tendency to ameliorate " the climate of the regions which reieeive its first Ixuefit. At the Red " River Settlement, which is very healthy, lhen» is an abundance of " the neee8Kari«'8 of life, but little or imi trade, liecautfe of it^' interior .1 Ji) of the B.rtirtl of C'oiitn.l, aad Miiu>.Wrt haring introduoea ft mewui* to erwt a portion of the HuAwn * Bay Territ^>ry into ft BritUh colony, tt wfta tho«Kht ftclriwible to deUy Intww dncinir the BUI irferred to in the above "MEyoRANDUM until noxt S«H«ion. and to take, ponding the aatnmnal ncem the mix^wj *tep« formal Jf to con«titute a Joint- Stock Company under the Limited liahiUty Act. Following tW coun»e durmg the present menth, I hf. AtL.\STIC and PAtlKU: Jl NiTlON RaIUVAY AM> LuKND COM- PANY" hftH been repnU'red under the Joint-Stink l'(»iupHuy a Act, 1856. , . 1 _^ , . , l»relirainary announcements of the un«UTtiikinK huv* aDDcared an udTertiHementR in Kovend of the I>.ud(.n newK- papem- and further to aiUance the ('Mm}.any'*« final organiHft. ation, this compilation has Nnn ],ut into onnt. A Bill to incorporate the (NMnpany with Limited Uabihtj will l»e introdnceil next SeHsion of Parliament : anU pro- Bpectunea of the Company, and other inforination on the gubject, can be obtained at the offices of the ( ompany. III. y •- GREAT BRITAIN IX THE FAR WEST: SOIL, CLIMATE, RESi)UR( ES, &e. "At A RaILKOao to tub Pacivic u a worit in uhieh I helirre all mankind t» " b4 dtefly interttted, and kp itt apfniitg would bt vottly bentfittd. my derire ''/or it* $ueee*if%l aecomplishmfnt i» unahattd. I hatl, them, uith joy any " propotihon by which I fan tee even a remote eha»ee for the reahiamon qf " my fond hoptt aerost Brititk territory. While latt in England, in \tib\, I "found tnuny iranN advoeatet for the eonttructiun of tueh a line. It wat " then, at now, wiy frm btlief that thit great vork cannot tc areompli$hed " through a u-ildernett to vatt except ly eonnrcting trith itt progreit a tyttem " o/sKTTLKMKNT AHD OiTltl«ATlO!«. And I thenfemrtd that on a line to far " north the eltmate and the land Kould not le to vi // tuitni for tetthmtnt and " eulture at further louth on territory of the Initeii Statet. I hate ri'ire " examined the tubjeet more thoroughly, and find there it a large extent of " territory on the Hritith tid* well adapted to tettlrment and emlture. Almott " the entire way, eien through the Soeky Mountaini, it a good gran country . " while on th4! Pacific tide the tame pnratlcU are tome 10 degreti more mild " than on the Atlantic tide. At to route, the Britith tide it far the mott " farourable, with muth lower gradu. From Lake Superior to the Hoiky " Mountain nutge it almott a level country, the ateent to gradual at t" be " barely pereeptibU. Korth of the 45 parallel the Roeky Mouniaint tlo/if " toward* the Arrtie Ocean, and nouhere north of 30 degreei do they elevate " their peakt abooe 5,500/<>«f, with many depreitient fraiiipRn\'i« fortH, and li<>rs<mm tb« ^ winter iu the ojH-n air at Ldji iotuii. " •' Dr. John Rat. '* Hah be«»n tw^nw-thrte ycnirs in the <'omj»any'.> son'icr, ».nd is *• cunrcrtiant with th«^ '(Tritory ^-aot of tin K«k<»loli»«aii comitry fnun oiht-r* onl\, hut ItelicAPi '* it \n all rai>nUi far a* ^jii and iliinato «rr con- " ccrni-uilHMc fi>r a;.Ticiiltiin' ami to si-iileini nt. In the diHtrictof '• the .Mm kf n/.ie Kivt-r the climate is iie\fre, but ImiiI»*\ ii j.Tfuni at " Fort >inipnon, nt Koii Liard, and at the Yukon. The *ort of land at " Red River .SttU'nioiif is vvrv ixcclUnt jrrouiid — rilr time. Ilns ro^ided for s«'wrMl \ ears at th<' " Rtd Iti\er Stith niciit, ul^o Itt t »rc;:ou niid in Ailinhaicn, and haH '• croiHod the Kmky Mmiiii lins nl throe ditfeient |)oint«. Does not '* think any iwrt of tlie Hudson IJay <'oiii)»unys territoripH is well " ailapted for gottltment. The hanks of the Red River art alluvial and " produce very fair eropw of whi'at, hut fhe^f eropH are freo",j,||iy. " dc^fpoved b\ early froHi«. On the bunk» of the Sankat* hev ^iQpf " alluvial R<»il, bnt the w-ason in not no long, and the fi-o^is are f^'^ - " than at Red River. From Fort Francen downwanN a ntn-i " nearly l^^^ miles, the )>ank no less favourable to aprieulture than " the waters tbems«'lvc» to navigation, resembling in some measure those. •' of the Thames near Rirhniond. From the verv" lirink of the river " there rises a i^tntlc -^lop*; of gneu-wurd, crowned in many nlaeef with •' a plentiful growth of birch, {»oplar. Ihsv-L, elm, and «ak. The soil of '• lUil River Si-ttlemtnt is n black n aid of conxiderablc depth, which, " when first tilbnl, protluccs e\tniordinary cropa, aa much on aoine " oocasiona a^ forty rttuma of wheat ; and even nf^i-r twenty KueccHsive " yearn of cnltivHtion, without the relief of niannre or of fallow, or of " preen cr^p, it still yieldn from tiftejen to twvnty bushels an »cre. The " wheat produced is plump and heavy; there are also large quantities " of grain of nil kinds, Itesides Ixn-f, mutton, jt^irk, butter, ehceao, and •' Ynjol in abundance. Westwanl from the Rtd River ('idony there are " several hundred miles cf level country — a yery tine country — towards " the Ro<>ky Mountains. Comparatively sjxakmjr, a Itailway might " easily be made along the same. At Fort Langley there are several " huitalre.] " etat.)i' " ev«-ryllii " country •* ^^^llntr\ , " \nt:i til • Talli'ys, " niid blui '• the who •' live wra " This '• a p'furd '- the Mud ■' iN.at- no •* ^iijH-riMr '♦ direct fn " to tlie t" " with tra " Lake, w '• ft JXipul: " setllfMiei " lakes op " iKs'cmU '• Fond " is to go '' has now '• grants '' tiegrces, " thickly " Chicago " nde. " mnrki't " lel\ Fein " tural pn " the gixx " M'tlleiiie " settlers. '' people ; " tweiit\ ** arc .Ni»n *' Canadia " if allowi ■ 3.J " IiuimIitJ »>|'iiire niil«4 ..f I. vt.l -.'rimn I rit l>r cilt.vafion, »h^r»» • '• colonv miirhi !»»• |.laitt.> 1. T!ii< \* i\ tliit UU - \.m1. '. 1 l{i\.r >>■• l.iii r \n-'.)iitl I'O • 1» iiuli'iil (•••■iii;ry, l>>U\ bill'. I"ii(f •■ Talli'VH, xylvun lake-*, bri/lit '.t-m, ui>iiitt.Trii;ti-*i |"r>tti>ion of r«-l" l»;uii:iii«' f'j>'»i''«.' Think* '• \\h- whoh' [nditn |i»>|>ulaiiijii i- fvlmnt |:i.i.ntH>. .)f v*h'>in nUxil SU,'KH> " live wrst of the HoiUs MHimtiiiu'. " Mil. Will 1 \ I Km,' \ . 1 w. " Tbii wiin^i, n ii.i'ivc i>f Ir. Ii'hI. li n ;i -w r. iili Mr .it C'liicn.'", u* •;• lu- 1 ii|> in ill.- •! -I. aiii- |tl\ Irnii t liii' I :<< f'> Ilk.' til ^ -i' t 11" iraili ;c;i_' 1 iii'ojtlr li.'v !• a '. \'. li. (... .. Ill n i»"«- riiniiiii;^ liivvar>l» t!i:i' it rr •' >iijH>rii'r t "iiv, ( tiiiii. ;iiiiii, , n 1 M ivj '• flin-cl friMii I.ciU'loit. I,;\ i :ii.m,', til'-. ■. . or ; 'i\ ji'.ri in ' in »i I'.ri .lin, " to l!if (Mniiif tinl ot I :i\f >ii|Hii"T ;it il '. \''.<. ;i ;o'i. in mi, li iiiom. ..r "wifii tran'r. ^ m-'v tnwn .u ilir i \t. ;ih' • ml o| iht' " LmU*'. wii-i roiiinnnccl t i^.'-hirm inoDih* h nk, an I it ^ ill liil- y< ar haM» '• n jK.puI.itiun of' lo.OiH) J'i|!iil;-. it .|uii." |Hi-.i!.lf i » ii i'.i- a >i,iiil.ir " K«'tlh'iiK'nt on ih(! Iiriti«!i ■(1i,tc ot Mn- [.•\',i<\ I'iu' na\iL:iUioii ot'lli- " Inkf-i «t|M'iis in the mi'llli- if Ajiiil. ao-l do- 's .I'l 'iit tli'» Ut of " lK-<'( inU r, Init in >Mnlir p...l- iiii;h' li.' <:ot;i' I in «l. i;;li-i. TiiO '• Fond tlu I-ar Uaihvay niiiH l.'O mile- Iron t air i^ . ;it )ir« -ent, ant " is to go to Snprior «'it\ . Chicaj:^) i:< almiit niiK-i.' a viar-« <1.1, Mil ■' hns no\T aUnif 1 1 4, nndi r Urilish " nilf. Kno.vs thai ln*l y. ar tlic sulth i-> of il,r li.-d l.'ivir '-)Ui:Iit » " market ft>r tlieir g'>o.Js in thf Annrican tcrritorv. f>i- o"'" watrgon* " h'tt IVinbina, with tlwir i).)rk, '.n-vf. lard, «htiif. an I all thiir .i-nonl- " tural prodiu-*', nnd Bold it at St. ranlV, oi S . IVt t'<, and tot>k Inu-k " thf goo«ls which tiny rwjuin^d. Nonh of 49 d» ;;nr4 there is no " mtlleiiient ; Mnith of 40 dcgrcos, in Minwota, thins arc now I^tt,(XM) " aettloM. That district hud a popnlafioti, four years ngo, uf r..(KH) '' people; it hns now iStj.tMM). Ked ivivir had as lar i« a jv>|)nlatIoti, " twfiit\ Mars a ro. n^ it hns now. Tin- cliirf Sfttlrr-t in Minosoia *' arc N >rwii,'ians and Sweden, autl tho-c |H-.[df woald a- ,M.on U- nndor " Canadian rul- a« under American, and th< y wonld ero- the lH»rdrr " if allowoa io do no." Ml I'm II. .sill., i. \\. W. liT/uiiiiAxi. M.I'. '• In tlif winter (/f* |M,',2-.1, uifin- « w «» in ('rf'L'on unci V«nc<>'i\(r'>» '• l-l,iii'1. TIm cI iiuiir »>f \ isriciiiMi r • I 'lit. I i^ |.«rii< iil;irl\ ml.ijiti il '" I'.ir -< 111- 111- lit 1»\ l!ii','l' -Iiih. II. It r. • iiililt - .try iiuii It tin- flinmic "til Kn^'lnnil, ili'iigli |.t rli:i|.> iK-r -n dM it, wim. r, in I tfn«itl. r:iMy *'liiittir in -innni< r. Iln »iil i< ;:r 'if lln* " i-l.»ntl li«< U tn t\i I'tf •!. In ilif pirt ft' tlif f.iiiniiy wliith Miiin-* " -aw. till' lihil" r i • |.iiic, i:nil fir nia^niili t nt. Tlif linrln>iir» nff cxii lltut. '• NnUiiiy ^vlid Ij.i- iiitf -til flif til. in. .tilt- <|iiaiiiit\ tit' fi |i. inn jiti-'.ilily '•crttlil iliC \alin' iiti'l i .hut t>t' ilif ti-In rit ■«. Mrnv llii.n-iintl liiiirtN "of ".iill talioiin an- >'iit ;iiiiiiiftll\ frtn.i \ iiti.ria lo ilif ( ..ni|,iit.\'« •• il<-|i«it. lit ilif >;ih.lv\i»li l>!iiiit!-. Ill rriiiv 'irf \ tT\ nmin ron-, On '• till' ('ii.i-t lilt p Hft H ;jiiimI niJiny Imlinn-, .vim livf li\ fi-iiiii;:: tliiro " jin- imnt; in tin- iiiNi iff nf lln i-i:iii 1. lln nuiiilK-r'> tit l!iirti|>t hit-t " Rihl liHlf l.iti (1-, fuii-nliriii;.' tlitin nil «•<. wlillf nun, iiri' alntu; .'KM). • ri.n-!ili r> \ aim.iivt r'-. IImhiI ilif mi't valiiiiMi- jH.--t -ion iu tlip •• I'iniiif. Tlif iiiily -a,(( jainii i,f Ai .i|iiilcii iiinl >;tn rr;inii-ti>. Tlif t iitrantf " tu fl.i linr.M.itr in llif I 'iilmnliia liiM r i- i\(^--iv l<.u;r n-* I ii'.'I.ukI, 'mt nm >ii \s itlc. In tliC " mljiifi III tniltil Stall' It rrittny tif ( oliinliia tin' |Ki|>nIiitit)n is " iufnflxing \ a.-tly. N.«>lka ^'^lu^ll i«i a ntiioritiu-l\ tine liarl*onr. 'I lie " natnn- tjf thf ooai +cfn In witnc-- is a gotxl coal — an fxctllent f<»al, *' very likt> thn \\'i*\ Kiilin;? t.f ^ (irk-liirt- al. The linlians rni»c » " (jrtat qnantily tif jolaitHS, and rt ;»r tt-rral cr<>j>'; — wlirat, f>«t«, bailt y, •' ^f. In filnifl, t! i; cliinatt Hinl -oil an' \trv tim-." .Ml{. .\l.K\ Wln.lt I-DISTF.l:. '' f'alleil and exainiitCtI, mntv> tliat lif is a nativo of tlic nu<]>on'ii " Hay itrritorit s, and jm-^otf marly ilie fir-t '2U yt-ars t»f hi,.- life tlnrt'. " Cun-iiUrH the gent rnl clarutiT tif i-|te uiuna;.'-t*""*'"t "f the lludson'it " Hay Cfimpany of llicx- ttiTiliirltx in he iinf,i\i)iirahlt tt» the tit vtlttp- *• nitnt t.f the rf«tf»nm >> of ihc country. The .»y-ttin of iht- Company ** optrates a^ an olistniction to the cultjiiiMnp sjiirit of the settlcru »Iki " n\^^ in the U-rriltiry. Tlan? arc a clinin of ri\i.r« wtll adapted for " Beltleinent between l,.akc Sti|K rior ami Lane \\'inni|X'p. The preat " (iesiilcratum is a convenit-nf line of ronmiunication frtjni the Hed •• Kiver to Caitada. At pirsrnf ni» ontlit e\i>t< WtWH-n thf m* etnin- " friea, txct pt the Itnig nnd inctinvrnlrnt one by Htitli-on'i Hay, and " the one tbroagh the rniti-d .Statts. Kn»m liin knoMlctl^* of the ;i7 " climatr. Im> con-i.U-r* ilki> rountry hahituble. »uil nn« in rnhnh M-uk- " incnt ri»ul4 1.uiiil.ir\ line ll;i« liiiii'«'ll' Mj^i •! corn »■« »";ir lU'nh »■• !■ t»n Nor- " iiMii. uliM'li i" iKjir il.i' Aii'iic < irclf. < nliix, ti>«ii r.iii U- rnrrirJ on *• ill (ill tin* ili'iriit- ItciMiTM tin' lin;it l.nkvH nml tin- l{iick\ M«>un- •* tain*, rmiii < nuiln rlnml II. .n^' to tin- Iniier i- ill iho way k prfM " « in-«(-i tlirMii:;li tho •• Hotky Moiintaiii". One nl»>ni» iIm- Wacv IJivcr. SNbicU iutiinily flows •• lhn>ii:.'li tlif iiM'tmiaiii- : oin- iVmhi iIh- iu>rtluTii l>runcli <>f the >«»- " kntrlii'SMin ; himI ilit- llinl in nr tin* ■mhiiIh rii lirniuli, whivh wa« tin' " jiMHH folluwoil by Sir (j^-or^ >imp-><.n wlun be went over. Wb**!*'*! " rnrriajfi'" can cro.< tb«' lait«T f>n^*. .Vb-mt :»th> t'mi;rr«nt« from 1{*A •' liixor went ncro-* it witb tb« ir cattle and cart*, niiil went rigbt ilown '* to Von N »iictJUveT with nil tiieir pn>|Mn\." Cuikm I .1. F. CiiKnwN. '• Witnc^' coniiiiaiijctl tpxtp- wLi'li winf to th<' linn'* War ter- ritorj in ixltl, aiul >i>oiit h w inii r at Hcd Kivt r. Think'* ilir rlinmte i- pnttv iinirli tlu- >anir n< in I |'|ht < an^nla. Tlic ■«<*i»«iin tin re <>|« IIS in tlif tir>t wtrk of April; and rloM« aUiiii tbi' middle <'f NoNrnilxr. Ila-i bad niiuli i>p|NirTnMity of >• < in;; ilic ngri(-ultiin< in that M ttlfini-nf. t>ai'», harb-x, and wliraf prow, and all vM-t-* of vrtt'lftldi H. Tlie wluaf ifop ri|« n-< in '."i day-, and i>. tlie tinc-t he fvrr i«yi till- liiiD'-iuni-. as n l>«-c to llic prairir land, c^ii-ni!- to ilic II>K"ky .\|.>iinta;n-> : ^o tbai pari of tlic tmit. i\ i- .j.iito tit fm- a.rii'iiltnn — wotil'I niakf a l'imhI (■ .liin\ — and niaint.ilii million- of ]x-o|ilt'. iK'twtcn L'r.l Ui\«'r Mttbnnnt and tin- K'^xky Muiintain- i- m Liiid of /a//'/-.sf who b.ne done if. Tlic nMin>tc- nc-s and utter in-nlii;if> of lud Kiver Milbiiiont nbntc prtveiit ]M'ople from -rtllin;,' I'lere. limine aske-l if there «ouId b«' .inv pnat dittieidtv in rimninp a l.'ailw.iy from Lake Snix-rior lo the iJeJUixer, In eon-idcr-, in tbe-e dnvi ef eiij:im erinp. ibaf there nrc no insujiertiblc dittiiullie« in the w.iv of coiisinietiii'' sneli a line. ' )• and of the .Mu. James ('ikM'i:ii. " Is »r«]nainte«l with Vaneonver'n Inland, from a six yearn* reMidenee " in it, between l^."»l ami IH.')7. Consiilcrs the elininie in every wn-o* '•of th<> woni siijierior to that of (Jrcat Hriinin. It* ca|kMbiiitieH of ^ agriculture are of eunniderable extent. The land is piu-tially wooded '• and i«rtially ojn-a with pniiric. 'Hiere is plenty of room ih«TP for a *■ larpr pojxdaiion. The inland altotnuK in ixtal, aihI thcrivtrs and hayn as witk lUk. TW BotmLaiuCk mm 1861 baa decreMed, from Um bmI- •4aiini*trmti!«uii Kiver di.>tn<>t, and all the Britiab territory weat of tbe Kocky Mountains ia mobt 6t (or a colony." (.'uiEF-JcSTItE DUAPEP, CD. " U of opinion that at present Canada could not efficiently govern " and niana(;^<- the Nonh-wcst ti-rriton . nor even the IJed Kivjr !!:^ttle- *' ment. In CannJa tliore arc alxnif 3.")U, mjunre iiiilo-' of Inn*!, out * of which 4o,tHH» only are cirj.nd. Cnnjuln utill jxmix-sHO!! 3U»,«J tlie more natural course by " con'in": alon;,' I^ko.s ^r(^JH•rior aud IIudhi. Unless ! y »ueb a course " comnHrviiil inffrco»;nH! is niaint-iincd with the ferritorie« went of I^kc •* Sujxrior, wltn<-t>H thinks ' furewt!! ' may be said tothfir lonp remain- •* ing Britinh pntjierty. Ti* avoid als«» any after eonfliet of opiaion " beiwoen tbe Home (ioverijnieut and tlio ('analian one, as to the con- ** strartiofl of a Uttilmud acnMS tlie whole continent to the Pacific, be " oonaidera that tbe Imperial (iovcrnnM^nl Hliould take the diapoaiticn of " that qiN-atioii. ami rrtaiii it in tlieir own hawb. Is awan tkat tbe 39 ^ OtUira md L«k« Ilnroa Railwar, nosier m prirate oonpaay. U to W ** MM t ii bj • frraat of ym\Aic InnAB — t)»e ('anadiaB LftpsUtur* kavLag * gTMtod Uit yew fcr that puqioM 4,IXX),<» acre* of Uad ia ti»« ruat* " of the proiM«.*d line.** Uk>iaki> King, L>v-, M.D. '' Was surgtoa and naturalist to the (-.petition in 1^33 ia ^rarrh of Sir John Rosm^ alattit that the eluinnoufl tract of couiiirk-, boun(>culiHrlv aiUpted f«>r cuitivation. There is abundance »»f iiiiier>.one in the tract ««f t-ountrr. and niafrni- fieent tree*. The iv hide way okni).' the Cin.it Fi>li IJirt-r to tlie Polar Sea, ia a verj- fine j.'rn/iii'' oouiifr*-. >Vhal»-». heals and por- poiitea aboimd in the IMar >ea-t. Ah»op the ('oi»pt'nniDe River there a>* <^xhanBtleu ^applies of eoppcr, coal and ^'alena. The re- soorees of the eiNUitrj have never bci'n d«. vcloijed in the slighteat degree by the lladHon'n Hay Company." Mu. JiiilN ^IlLh.". " Witness was in Vaneouvtr'A Island in 1852. Coor-itlier^ that the " inliind, in soil, climate, luineraU, i^ic, |wis-»esni'i eu'ry e-M-ntial fur the '• fonuation of a ptvut colony, lie crusMil the luR-ky Mountains " between Mount llotjktr «i\'l Mount LSr4i\vn, following n simple Indian •• track." Mk. John .M( Lai i.ui.in. '* Li a pueral t'"»der, and resided aV iiit five \e;ir* iu tlnj Red River •* Settleincnt. Shv.. that neitlicr i>hvically nor intiiU-ctually are the " half-breeils there inftrior to tlie *hit«'!«. The co' y has Uin practi- '• cally diHCourajcred bv the llu>lsi.n"i» I'.jiy (\.niimiiy. \Vitnc*i *ni;;;»*st* " that a lino fliouhi In- drawn froni .Norway lloiisc, ii!on;r by the " southern branch of llic Sii kntclnwan to ilie lJi>tky Mtinniitins, and " that the territori«s s«iuih ut" huIJ lint- -liould Ix' ..[(ncl for trade and " coloni Nation. If free prnnt* were uia<'c. the tcrriiory from Siinlte ISt. •' Mary to Rod Hi\er w-^tild soon be Ri'tth-d. Owinp to i..r uTCdter '• facilities and induwuient-. held out by tin- luiteil Stiite*'. tht-n- ha* " been a rapid aud iniateiiHe increase of the {>opulatio:i of Minoex'ta." Ru UARI> ItLANt lUUU, K^Vt• " Was first Governor of Vancouver's Iclaud, 1849. The year previoat " the license of excluhive trade for twenty-one year* was grauted to the " Hodaon's bay Company, which will expire in Jb^9. The climata is 40 ▼BfT jfood «nil temperate, antl oot •ubject !o «uch extrenies m Eiig- Uad. A Ihrjfc portion of the soil ii ver>- frrtilp. Ther« were only ftbout t^iirtv inpp«Mfd to coloai^tation. " Ut. Hoxni.E. Kdwaid Phxict. M.P. " Witness l>e«-«rie oonnoctwl with th** Hudson's Buy Company 'ill IHO.'l. and with tb*- North-^rfHt Company in IHO.'i. Theae c-.-n- '• [janics bwaine united ihrrmj^i h'S nepitiation in 1820. Tinrir yy .'. '• Citpital i« £."»< ti'tahli^htHl bv the Karl of Selkirk, who •* n'<*onveved his intereMs in it bae« n estshlisliid h< fore any of our Courts. In thf ■•><'0&d year of •' the rcipu of \\ illiam and Marx, in IH'.M). «n act panaed confirming; ' to the (lovernor and < onipanv of Hudson's Hay all privilepes of • iTdde only for seven years. Witness can give no explanation bow, •• alter the expiratiun of the snid seven ye*r«, the Company still con- " tinueaiiy. This „,• did to punliH.H«> the ' ouij>a>iy for " the ('■niuliau Companies at that time. \N bt re ll.e nioi»o{M)ly of the '• Hudson's \\i\\ ( oiiipany i.s noi n nrrcn.'titt/, witiu!rts haN nothing to say "in its favour. Tlie ( U. R., K.sg. " llax iieen in CaiiwlH for the laxt 16 yeain, and i* attaerH'd to the " Provincial ISecretary's de|>artment. Has never iKt-n in the Hudson's " Bay ferrit»)ry, but has ha J eoiuniunieation with «» gre»t ■un.r.y perKO.is " who have l>een then-, ik-litves tlw territory tj be mur*> ,■ efl val«- " able than it ha-< lieen n-pn sent«"d, and es|pJM•l•-mine^ on the Copjier-mine iiiv«r, aud alrtriul " I^gislatui-e 1 " This Comtiiit " Is Pn.fe. ' ;;'ntion has ■' xni he has hx '■ which have b " believes that " Mus4'uii) itt a Ri\€r, pre«iuN. in a '• n-cent Kcj^irt, •{leaks <<( all the UnJ in the nvewlern pt-nin^ala of •' Caiiflila liaving Ut-n (li»|«>«d i>f, and ihat he fimlfl many jieople pn'fer " g^tiag to the j>rairi»-« t»f the Western J»tater« to going tlin>ugh the " labour of cltsaring the forest. He thertfi.n ihinkd that fit* prairie!* •' ot the SaMkatchewan. the Ited Kiver. ami tlw Astiiuiboiue will offer " greater induc«nieni» for »ettl» lut nt thun tbe lands that remain iu " Caiuula. Witneei due* not think that it ii important that tl»«i« " vacant territorie« should be annexed to Canada, proviilod they are " H a participation in the " fm; institutions happilv enjoveii by Cana«ln, unless the IWitic Uail- " way which is conteniplate«l iit n to " extend extend itwlf wotwiinl in one pn-fit objict wanted. Tlie ("Hiia- " dians desire to sco the whole coMinrv w.(tle of the Ived Kivcr " people to thf FarliHment of Canada, nuking to be nnuixrd to tlie " Canaiiian tirTit«h North .\intri ■•'•larto the ::old i|uariz whi
  • ho>v a cIom', similaritv to tho>e oeeurring in the iiudson's lUy territurs . In«lee ihe <>thfr. witTio*« .<.'»- nidcn tlic wiw ii)iii«rj«(» will U- luund in the llud-on •• Uay tLrriiory aa are fuund in it.' LiKLT.-CiiLiiVKL W. Caio^x 1 I I.. " \Nji3«ev"eri years in the tcrritorii^ uiiJt r ihe Ifiil-'ii'i* Pay ritiii- jwiny M (r(>kenH>r of A-timlxiiH, ami irmmcil in ( 'cioIkt. 1S,V> \kwn nut know the ^nhkairlnwan tli-trirt. and nt'\ir wa-« in Miii<'-oc« \N it' ■ -'-. anriiiiinj «a» laiK-d t.) ihr f'lliowiiifr ) ^rH;'i!»i>li in a n tn ni. ' Ann I ■ (>j)«|»er : • 1 liii>' ihat are alriiid u< loun up to Min< -nta. b»'<"au.n, nlmiiniiint.' with wtxtd and ff»al and niineraJH, Ivin^r on ihe >a>«kiitt h; wan, whieli empties it>*elf into I>akc N\ innifie'r, wbieh empties, tlinni;,'h Nel-ion Uiver, into Hud-on'g Hay;' aiid be Uiieve.i it likeK' lli.it Ann rican emi;.r.Tnt8 would find th< ii way into that terrilorv, Itccau-e the iicee-.^ to it o very easy and ajipn^uhalile a'r<>«.s the plain-*. ('"U'^iders the Mtd\ obrfM'Ie to the coionisitlon of the country ia the dithculty of pMting ' th<-n'. Th- want of roads !.■< the great oUsiruction. If land wa.s a« readily obtained on the lied Iviver. and acce^^ at tnsx , witnes'* m-^-^ ni.< rt,fM>n why emi^Tatiun <>hould not tluw tlirr< . .\ •> n iriird^ t))e climate hihI the '-nil of H d iJiver. lie considers the cuuntry eap.dth of ^ii|>por;inv' a eon;*iderHl)lf j>o|>uiation. Has lieaitl from tliL^e who li;ivr culti\«i -d lantl ihat tlu'\ havr u'of as mti'ii as tliirt\ bn*lii !■« for one. It hjLS ni>t ba n the <.liiiet i>r tin- intti'ext i<( III 1U\ (.'onip.in\' to colnni at Ao-iniboia" In l.si8 there \\ere idjoul .'),f •>» ttlrnirni.s. ' on^ide^» the jdivsic.d eharM<'tiT of the Ked Ki^ i r < 'inntr\ vcrv pihhI for a;:^- (•ultiirul pur]».-i-eH ; and thinks that arricidluriil op( ration.-- mav Ik- protitahly »'xtended to a %ery j:reat distanec fium the hanks of the river. lias heanl Mr. M"l)ermiitt >»ho i- jkm hap t'le ;.reHti >t nu r- chani on the hnriks of tlie Urd IJiscr < a ;:iaiid o\er!:inil rontf, and form a tJ^fat nation fnnii L.iki .^ii|>«ri<)r ri;_dit Jirrurs the li><'kv Mountain-' ; that could In; done, and that he is snipriscd that towns and cities have not \h'pu raised up. There is n ^'reat deal of coal towards the sonn**' of thf Assinilntitie Kiver, -..hich i liglit l>t' brooy^ht down in lar^' l>alc;a'.i.x, the Munle In which the cnnpany n"w bring down their furs and peltries. If tln-re was a market, a-rienltnral purtiiita might be pr«>titably carriod on to a large extent — to an ■ almo.^t un '• prrhap:* ft '• »"il about ■• maimring ■■ jiiiilnct fii • wbit h «ii ■■ returns in " Ked Hivii ■■ It is a coti " r»M|nirf to ■ i« felt at • -JOi} cart< 1 • l.liH) .nil,. • ibf I uited ' Utwet n L ■ able. lV:i ■ l>y Amerir ■ Thi- .\ineri as po.saible Tl.f fill! tlic S.-Icct ( to ri'fiivi- 1 H<»il and c titiK>s lor " (^)n.sidl " i« rritory ni " in Ihw Of e " and ciintim • lon^jer. ■ and eiwi-Hii ■ iinatlicu'd •• Th. h\ ' 'he Hon ' warrant lii ' in i|\n >ii«,ii •• lb.- Ki ' almui iliirt ' • ntinul till ' the eom[»aii U-tweiii it of that nn Hfed r.inui! " Were ti '"h witno-' rt-t.Tf. i-* '• u*Th«pri four il' '.rvfi- .>r i^i- ilc;:'r 4 i|iinrt, U liii-.;i(.!-. »>t" wlu at. tl'i i»» 7!i-lu 1. • »hi(h uiiin-s i» t'-l.l l'\ tin tai (III P'. i,t' lii^iaitJ r»all> i wcotU tli« ... • rt'liinis 111 inHti\ parts oi" < .r,-;tt J?iitiiin. lino ».lnani- run into ilii; ■■ lu'J KiviT. HiDii;.' th,' li.-nik-i ot" \viii(li f\n- a lair ijuaniits I't" wikhj. •• It is RCountry whidj \v ill naitir.illv >ii||->rt caitlf. In vv iiiiir rattle • rt'iniirf t'l Ih- IioumiI nt ni-iit but not l.\ J;i\. driiit ili--ati.-'!acti<'M '• in tilt at tlif lla.lsun - i'.iv ♦■•inianv ■» h*'!!!!!. liiinf. |'iiLaj>-«. '■ 20<> r«rt- »i)\ tor*' ai'l-. in I'n'.ir to ;.it ^upplii* Ir- lu •' the I. uitcd "^tatcs a: n n a-.^naMi' r.ni . Tli, .iiirii iiliii- ol t!u' route " lH-t»U'»n Ijikt' Sn|tciii'r ami lii'l iiixir arc 'i\ iio nuatis in-nrinount- '• «ble. I'lMiliiuR i- v^itliin tbi* .Xnitiitan tr-ntirr. ami i-» no.s ooiiipii'd •• liy Ainerioua-i. h ii 7ii or Hi) mil. - finm li.c LV-'i KImt .'"^IiU•i ant. " Thf Ann'riinns un giving c\«'ry lanlitx iir -•. ilkinciit, as c;o:>.' »ip •■ us p( tiic (aninUaii La L:i>lattirr. a|»i'fiiit((l to rirrivi' iiiitl rolUct iiirnrniutiHii us to the rlinraitir ot" tin- hoil uinl cliniatc of tin- llmUon's |{:i\ 'Irrritniy. v.nxl i\> titiK>s liir .'•cttlciiicnt. ai'l npt.iti d in .limr. \s'r, .— Mk. Ama\ Mv I) . .1 :;,. " Coiisiib-r-* tin claim ulmli 'h-' iliuU ii- ISav ('••lupanv -ct np lo •• f» rritory iimbT tbc nl\ tor tin' jK'riihl ot •'••xcn \iar<.,inil no '• longer. 'I'liat ait li;i^ iumt Ucii nniui'l -incc it r\|rin'il in ltil'7. '■ Biul coifHiinfiilix r!a- rbatii-r is ji-tt a> il origiii.iU\ sli imI. ainl \y w liolly " unaflicH'il li\ iiiiv ciiilirniif \- Art if I' ii 1 aimiit. •• Tin alilf mcnaM'amlnin tiirni-inil to 1 1 c ( an;'i'ian I i ■; i-.! itnia* bv " 'he lion. Mr. ''aiiclion ncitr- bi-tmical f.ut-. ami finiii-ln - itata to •' wnrvniii tbi- «'oiic-iii--ion that tin- a-'iini|.'.iiii, i.f jM>wrr ov cr llic ^I'lritory " in ipn siion by tin- llml-i'ii- l'.a\ ( tni| an\ i- an iisurp.-uinn " I'hr Krcncli ci ilvtl < ainnlu lo ihi' ItriiisL cniwn in ITll'!, and " ali«ul lliirty \onrs afti rwunN the llmUi.n'H Itay (iinpanx, first •' » ntinul the valley of .•^u-katrbewan. It ^^a^ imt until l.'^lt that ■• the coiniianv- m-t up a claim of cM-biftivc rit'ln-. In l.'^Jl. the i.nion " U'twerii it an 1 lb« No^th-^^<•-t ( innpitnv fiMil: platv ; nml the t rtict " of that un on has U^t ii to di "frov n \r:v\v. wbirh li;ul tiunfofore iH'ne- ** tiled ('anai!» by Jurning it ibrmigb llmlion\ liav. " Were the trade thrown uiwii. lite faeililust wiiiih run. otter for ibe " siicresufiil tarrying it on are aa lo<"»to 1 as com{Mirrd >« ith the foniier !1 1 4» " perkxL For inaUnre. the mdm qiumtitv of fnerebandiw can now be " UJ<1 down at Von William for £HOi to £4(H) aa co«t fonnerly £30, trader^ a«mMii1>led tlu-n-. when Toronto , U- laid down " on the «bort H of lIuiLson's Jiay or Lake Winnipeg before they could '• h-avc Enjrl«nd for tliow." points riti Hudson's Hav. Witncna Ijelievr* " the Country to In- a very tint' coiintrv. and nut at all inferior to tlic " iDoat favoured plact;* of Canada Weat.'' Mr. Gkori.e (>l.\i>ma!(. '• la a native of the Hudaon's Bay territor}-, and baa be«!n thlrty- '• on«' vear« in the Company's aer^iw. Wint»T©d, in 181 i, at the station " callf«l New Mninswick ; the soil there in very good ; excellent pot»- •• tcK* HH rai-^'l, and alsoevtry det^riittion of vcgitables. Oats ripinoii *■ wfll and nl'o Imrlt y. Wiint^s uuidf iio attempt to raine wheat, but " slice tlitii In 1 Ixen iiifornitd that uluat lias \n\n trii'tntion i-- mid-way betwei-n Lake Superior " lint! >?oo!>c Factory. At ilie lattrr j)lucf witm'-is resided fiftwn yearn. '• II i- ihe cl.i '■ (Hit erries are pKiitirul, and prow wild. At Albany, the climate '• and soil do not dltler much fn>m Moose; and at CmnU'rland House " the climate in favourable for pnnlin ptnft"' of e\erv sort, and excellent " wheat i* grown iliere. Hor^e-^ iire not housed at all durinir tlx- winter, '* and tlirive very w-. near to the station. '* Was at the l>'ed Kiver for a few niunths in 1841. Wheat may be '• raided at the «;ettl<-menf in almost any ({uantity. Hitherto the want *' of a market f«ir their prtslncts has crani^n-d the enerpies of the net- '• tiers. All i'Xtract from tiic ctiisus of lH."*t> shows that the number of " horses then at the stttleiiieut wa> about 2,8, homed cattle '.♦,;{iM>, " pi^'S, i.TlH) ; slieep, 2.4(M» ; estimated value of live st '• sterling. The population, ineluiliii:: Indians, is al»out in,(KH.>. •' The Hed Uiver section, the Swan Uiver, the Saskatchewan, the '• .X^-^inilsiia and the lands west of the Lake of the W (kxIs. are eon- '" siJerrd the most desirable [sit t inns of the eoiintr\ for farminjr piir- " poses. Other localities are no doubt ef ('RURtln, and n'«i»l» « in Toronto. Witne^i* has " f«)r naaiiv year* mtvle the titles uuiler whirh flic HudM>n°s lUv Com- ** pAiiv cUim certRiii rigliM uf .^oil. juriiidictiuii and tra«le in the Uriiirth ** North-west poi«9«'i»:«ioii« his particular itudy, and the nsult of hit " inri'HtipHtion has been to demonstrate that in the Red hiver and '' Saskatchewan countries the Mid Company have no right or title " whatever, except such as they have in cotmiiun with otiier Rritish '« Buhjects. Whcrerer, in the«e l»utinvcmniental attrilmteH *' they claim in that country are a fictitm, and tbeir exirciM- a palpnble " infraction of law. '* Witness considers the Western limits of Canada has never Urn "asM^'ned; but in May. l.Si8, the Justiciary Court of Ouebee, in a " trial for raunler committed on the ri\er Winnipeg, deciiled that the »♦ >\e(»tM>il and climate ; but in *uih an extent " there an-, of course, some xtcrilc, rocky and bnrrrn tract,'*. To the •' west, after crowning the ri;;ht of land near the bend of Lake Sajs* rior, " there i* a preat dvnl of fiat country. Tlie dii^tance ♦"rom the most " westerly Hritirili jKjint of the Lake to the Red River ieftlement in an " air line is 35'* mih-s ; and there is no n-ason to ap|)relien,<►<>«). Such a road, at a cost of fi-W per mile, " would imniedintfly tran«-fer the trade from St. Pauls to Ijike " Su|Krior. would ^p«s ililv iH)ur in a large |»opulaiion into the countv, *• and would likewise lead to its Incoming settlisl throughout its entire " length. This n-sult is worth millions of money to the pt-ople and " trade of this country. "Witness further olmerves : l)r. Rae sr\s, b«>hind the mck- " bound shoren of Lake Sup«ri«»r the country is low and swampv. •' Swampy, as used in Canada conveys an erron«K)us imjMTsfiidn to " F-Bglish readers, who do not know that what is caiU>d m tnanip in «• (jiuaila is a le\el tract, with a thicket growing u{M>n it, wliich ktrpa " tb« f^rofind ilMinp by krvpinf out tb« ^unii ny ; that titcre i« gvarrmllj " fipom six to eiplifien inrlie^ of rich vpp^fnble moiiM on tht- surface, '• *Mh n prttty Ntiff rlny liottom, aai] t}i«t in short a rAnaiiian km amp ia " about th«' U-iit pround tliat Nntun* (\er mnde for a Hailway track. " Tl)* wheat grown in Kanfem Cnnatla, north of tUv IWth parallel *' cf Intituele. obtained hoiioiimble iiiciition as rHukinp next after *' the I rizf whont at tlie WotUh K\hi!>ition in I'aris. The cliiiiafe " ani»'liornfr- to the wcntwurd ; an 1 wheat has Ikiii rai.*tM with -iicreiii "at Fort ( \iiTiU ilantl. Now Ton rmnbtilniid i^ upward-^ of ;»nu milra •• due north of the l)onndary. Follow iiip the H.iine unridian d\ie ^outh, " the «>nr of the Hnoiit wheat ;jTovvinp countri»*« " imaginabh'. I>4'twc<'n the 49th and GOth }'arall«ls lie some of the " fiui-'t countries in the world, indtiding the whole of the nriti>h " Ishinils. Thf GOth parallel of north latitude paasc"* through i'hri^- " tiaiia in Norway, a little nonh of Stockholm iho capital of Sweden, " and throuph St. PeU r^bnrgh. There \i no barrier, thtn fore, to a '• new St. Petersburph b»iii;r in lattitude CU north on the west a)ast " of America, any more than <.ii the \v««t coast of Europe. '• The 4''th ])ara!kl of north latitude pa-'ses nearlv a degree south *" of the s«,uih(riinio-.t jxiiiit of Kn<:laii(l, through the invirmsof Paria, "through tin "outlnni i'r(tviiu\> of (iinuaiiy, ami If-s than a degrw, " north of Vitima. nirn i> no riiison therefon-, a-i n-giinls climate, why *' the l<»W(>r cour-c; of the Fra>rr, or the u|>p«'r c<>ui -h- of the Columbia, in '* Uritish territory and in tlio name Intituden. shanka " of the !{hine, the Meiise, or the Miihould not ^ ield their golden har^ • stu a.< rich an those " of the Weser, the E1U-, the Oder, or the Vistula. " The Lake .*^uperior route to the H*^! Hi\er was not always such a " solitude SH it in now. In 1MI7 the ng^'regnte iiimiUrof p« rs^^ns at i'ort " William wan composed of natives of fifteen ditVerent countries, with " yariou-* triU's of Indians, and hnlf breeds These features of an embryo " citv were in stranpre contrast w ith the devdafe and decaying loneliness *• which the bligiit of an illegal tnonopoly has thrown over it to-day. The " entrejtot of the tratn«lly prohfbit« tbe tiller " of lh<" noil, «s w»U ■•» tlif njvriituriT in any otlu-r irdusirial pnmii», " from (U'votiiiR his cnerpies to ih<>^' lalx)iirs wliicii, whilf producinjf to •' the individual pro«i>ority and uculth, coDtribute to th« gpnend advan- " ta^je of the »ottU-in«»iit at larp«. " I'lidor thin svotcni oiir rnerpie" are ]«r«lY«e«l. and diiKitntent ia *' in«rra-.inp to »iirh a drpri'f that i\tiii* fathl to Mrifish interrnt*, " and parlicuhirly to th«' int«'n"*t« of ( itiiada. and ivt-n to civilisation •* and liumanitv. may »oon tnko ]>\nci\ " Aa llritirli siihjiTts, wo dnxir** thnt the »«nie lll«orty"and fniiloin •' of ci'ninierpc. as well ax sefurity of iirojHrly, may l>c pranfod fo na " as i* t'njoycd in uU the utht-r po'«8»•^*ioll■^ of tlu- Hritiih I'mwn. which " liberty is bfconic esM nlially nfccssary to otir |>roflj>cTity, and to the " tnui^iiillity of tbia colony." Ruch a at l"i>rt with iiihryo iclincas The It would I their a upoa Mr. Joint yh 1aax\ in liis ])iililis|ir(l Xotm <./' ti Tumtii-fire 1V'»»* Striii'i lit till' lliiihitii'e Jim/ i'lniiitinin, Mivs : — " A Fingle S<(tttl'«li farnuT c«»uld be found in the colony at Ked «• Kivrr able alone to stipplv the prfnttT part of the prtnluee tlie Com- " jMinv riHjuire ; then- is one, in fact, mIki ott»'re«l to do it If a §ure " nuirket were he0 c»t. best kiln dried Hour ; (10 firkins Imt- ♦' tcr. iC lliH. each ; 240 lbs. chj-tne ; 00 hams. Where he iflie Henip«nT slKiaM promote cok»nii««tioii ; but with the ft^rrknowledf^ ** ihMt rlie iliinii> i)i-itaMc«>i put it duwo «iln '• • Htptiip hand. Tli«'ir d«-.in' iver i> lo ktt p third partien from iutiT- *' fiTfttre with thi'ir ■i>nimoiT<' anionp th«* InUiau^. and to pn'>ent the " ridtivHtion of a '-*n\ on uhicii now roam at lar^<- (hr animalt it i* tbrir '* business to skin. In Va-i-ouvi-r'a Island itM If the work that ran be '• done by trapper* is |«rhapi» not worth £50 a year ; but prinoipb < "must Ik.' uplii-ld. It ix only a gti-p froHi the inland to tbi* luainland "of that HPHU*ni xhore of nritish Antrrira uhirh wax t-allt-d N«'W *' Calodonia until witliiii tlie la'^t fuw wei-kn, but which her MajeHty haa "now nanK-d ItritiHh ('ohinibia. Two yiar-< a;;o tln'n' first came " obtrun* tidinf^x of pdd found in this np'ion. Now, all tb<- world heara " of th»' ^reat wealth of gold (vtntained in it ; and iveu from California, '•where pardem-m and pnMims cam £l"JO « yt-ar and their keep; "where a com pot* nt f>Ii< |>b< rd i-amn £240 a year and his keep; and " wh«re brirklHvcrs may eani £l<» a wt-ek — it in calculated that durin|^ " the first six months of the fever f»r a change to the new Tom Tidlcr'a " pT«iund n«»th'"land, in the North I'aeifie, is to U-eomc the seat of a " noble British colony and of a naral arsenal complete in every detail. " If England plea-^ea ahc may build anion;; llic muny island* in the H4>a " U'twecn Vancouver' ■< Islund and the maihlaiid a Crunstadt to tlif " Pacitic. and fasten with a mighty j>adlo*-k, if such seeurity lie needt;«i " Iwr j¥)ss«'^rti«ns on the western coast of North America, nt)W regarded " as of inestimable Taloe." — Dickent' IJu*uehoId H'ordt. * It is r^tiniatcd tlist the fold discoTeriew will attrset to Britif>h Colnnibi*, before thrt-e years elapse, no lass k popnlatinii tlian rjOO,0«s) hihiU. Mr t'<>m- wallis, in his work jusf iiiililiishcd, " Tmk N».w Ei.im>katmi,°' mvii— "The history, brief ■• yet nnd inarvellnuB, ol' the. country nl' our £1 l*i>rt»nt; aniinis itf the World. It haH iriiiist'd ( aliloniia, and out-Hlinue A\i>'tralia; it has Httrartcd, by an almost ma^'ic^l infliirnce, tcnn of tboiisHuda to its ahorca, and flaohed upon th)- univ<-rhf in alhirinf; faMiination. It has ■pruuK into life fnll armed, at Mintr^a from the brain of Jove. That whirh, but a brief perif, that the optrntHg nf nntj inlrr'Ortamie KAlLWiT wumld tffict mt grrrtt a rtvoli-liin in the trm^i't of thf uorld a* that vhiek wa$ brought mbout I ;> thr ditfmfrii of thf i'apr of Gttoil Hup* rvutf to Imdio, and othtf tQinlntt <^ tkt East. The trade i>f Ckima, Japan a*d ^f rrgtom eomparaliul;' >nAi«i>Mn, %^,ul-l hi imptUol to tht Paeifia Terminmt of the Ratlroad mhtiuf itxould be earrui t» the Unat Attantie Ports, to be afteruard$ dittnbuttd <•. Uomg Komg, Shanghae, Canton and other marts »/ CStittii trml' ttou'.l (>• broaght by steam within a few day's dittnoee of thr great Ktitfonum ukieh would spring up on tht toast «(/ the Pae{,ne." — Mokm^^u Po.^t, J)ec., I8J7. ParliMnentKrj returns •kh«tw that tht* avcrap^ cost of MJ KMilway^ in thi* country bw excw-dt-*! £:<3,(M)(» |icr mile: Mliilxt 37 line* have eoHt \en» than fll.CNX) per mile. 26 liue» I<-<-> thnn £s,)XNI p«T iiiil<>. and 11 iinea loas than £G. |ier milr — lonii- of ilit* lower ratea oi cost having b«*in for Iinea carried llirou^'b eonntrv of a diffioilt charnoirr. In 1845, tlie co»t of the lUilways of North AiiK-ricn, n«iir!y 4.tMM» inilea in lenjrth, averajreJi about £5.809 jkt mile ; hut ^in.•e lh» i>, improved modea of construrtioo have reduced ibe e\ptMs*; \«.ry con- ■idirablj. Aa already Mated in |Kt^'« C, alwat three loonihtf iiuh«ef|iiciit to the period when bir Kicbard iiruun bad announoed his gnat ^chtine for uniting the Atlantic and Tacitic (keann hy imans of a lhruti;:h Trunk Kaii«ay over ItritiBh uoil, and making the same a means for M>ttliiic ayittematieallv the vacant <'r«>wn territory along if(» «hoh' lenpth. thr Time$ newn]M]nT &r*t puhlixlied a notice of un Aniencan I'acitir Hnil- mad, starteid by Mr. Aaa Whitnov, an euttrpnRing merchant of New ^ork. Mr. Whitney 'a project contemplated the cooHtniction of h iiailuar from the western shor« of Lake Kric to the navigable |>nrt of tiic Columbia Uiver, in the Oregon territory. The leiigtii of ilie |iro|Mise4l line wan stated to Iw 2.760 £nglii«h miles, and the «-\i>i>nsc of ita constrvKtion was estimated at '>0,ct the studj nnd object of my life — and though for th< laM nix rear* I liaTC ah.inp)> r>f its I 50 iiocuiiiplir.liiu^'U( AtToiio the territory of |Im- I iiiii'»' '!• '•\>)\ iiiirri'ote-l, anJ h\ !».•« C'rmpit tinn Wii..!i| >><• tM^jly iMn'-li!.-.! - inv <| -in- Vi n-c it- ^u^•^•^•^-ful t<. - CKtiipli'liimnt i» unal'Uli ro-ltiiin l>_v whic'i I can f) rc" Ivp p\. n a niBot" chaii..!- Tr iU- r' .ili-;iti"iii if iiiv fi.ii<| hnjwi" a>r .-» Hriii^h ti'rrilury. I am n> Iriilv uti Aiii' li' in. ft iit it \iii» lh<' ilf-irr of my lii-.irt to n'- iiiv C"Uiili\v i-.introl tli«' i''tniini'rii- »{' ihi' »orl (1 Mil' nitli tlii« run J ri)iii|i|<'t>'-i\ r^' ■ > for tli' i\\ \\>- ]»•-{ yrurn of niT life. I»iii iliat i- ii'iw nil pr-t. ;in.| iin iiiii.ti\\ li !,•• !• 't iti> |>owvro\fr tlii« Kri'iii Mi''jli titdt wliicli the I'liiteii SitHtiit iiii\i' failcl t-> •!•>■" Mr. NVItitin-y tJM'n pixr* his nuM.'is fm ihini- in;.' tliHl ih«* I'liiii^l Stat*'s cuiitiKl ni coiinili>li tlii' ^.Tt-ul \\')rk. niii r wliiL-li ho n iii«rk!t : — •' Tli»' illlml'n^o bti8iiie<>N whiih tiif- coniin'Ti"'- :ni'l iiitercoiir'*" li«'tv»«'(n Kiir'.i'P iiii'l .\-i:i vri.iiM lirWijj to the [{.iilr mI. «>ii1i1. a- a n-itdml rt>ult, f inn tho foiiii'latiiiti ff.r th«' ••m|ilo^ iiu iit :uh| >iip|i.irt of :t (!• ii-ily [M>pii hit' ■! In'lt on if> lii • from m-onii tn on :iii ; ;iiitituli- in tl><- I ni K'w'^'^'iiu." " Willi' l;Ht ii' Kii:;'atMl. in l<'i|. I I'm; i.| in iti\ waiin .■nl\v>i;uli"« for tin; coii'trt.riioii of n Liiiln.ii'l to ilo' l'i.< i' i i\.r Urit.- Ii i' 1 1 iN ly. It wn-' tlicti U'' ii'i'v loy tiriii ln-ji, f iliit tlii.^ jj^-a' w.ik iMiiimt I' ar ■•ini'licluil flir"ti_-li n «il'iirin-- >o vii*', i \ci|.t l.y iMniii iiin:; wiili tlic piii/r''-<- "f tin* work a '•y trill of r.. it!iiii iit iioi! .-i^ ili-.(ili.;i ; uO'l I ilo ii f ai. I tli at on ft liiii' vo far north, the cliinntc nii'l tin* hind \v4miM iio» Im' as will >iiiift| to v(.ff|i.|,i.'ii' antl rulturt" n« fiirtin r i-irtith, on (• • lifory of lliv I'liiti l■iu^ll »iih' v»ill iiiijil.d for lopnrion iiiul rultiir<^ At lilt' S-lLirk Siiih iin lit. furtli. r n-Tili ex. ii tliaii ii« c, -ary Inr till' lini' of thin roiid, wli'Ut, ryi , hailcy, oat-, po'ut " -. ao'l rvni Iniliaii f Til an' nili iv it.'d to pi-rf rti ui ; th- yiiM iar^i' .tii.l ;;rai.i tilii', iin I a!iiio.«t ilo' ■•II' iff hnc. even thron;/h tin- Ifocky MoiiniaiiiK, i« a (HhmI f;ru>s <'oiiiury ; Mhili; on till- Piicitic ^iili-, the vaiuu parullcU an- some lU dc^rrcM tmin; mild tlian on the Atlantic xidi'. " A* to route, the ISrilish hi<}e is far the nioht fiivourahli", with nnieli lower xraihs. From Liike Superior to tin- Korkv Mountain rnnire i^ahno^t ri levil Country, t!.i a-c n( mi irriiiluiil as to l>e I an-ly pereeptiMe. Nortli i>f till' l.'ith p-.iralli'l, the iCcky Mountain-' flopc towanln the Aretic Oce.in. and nowhere north of •)() degP'-es do they eii\iitc th«:ir |>eukr< ahove i, .')()•) 'i et, with nniny d< pre>siun« prueticahle for n riiilway tliroU);h them. " Ih not thi.-:, then, the route for tlip eoiniiieree of Kurop<> with Ahiu •' I<<>ok flt Halifax, oti the .\ilHnlic. iind l'a;ret Sound, ilirectl}' opiMiMite, on the PiU'iiic. Il:>> not .Nature torimd the>e fur the ti rmini of this f^reat hijrhway ' Halifax i.s knuwn to lie utie of the ^afL■.■.t. hi'i-t, und inoKt rapa- cious of havM and hnrlioura on the Atluniij i«ide, ca-y ut aeee»*^l at all «eaM»n«, and there m no hurhoiir went of it for the eii'ire North Ainerieiin wei^t that ran he entered «itli a sailin;^ vessel during 'le' pre^ailin;: north -r:i.«t winda. Hence the ^reat danger and lonj^ delajK in tlo wint. r na\ i;.''itii'n lietween Kurope and the Tnit-d States And on the Paeille i ' |e. I'a;;'l Sound e\ei» I'iceU it ; lh« only harbour ou that hide ut all nuitej fur tuoh a vaal coai- I meree. |t» ciMiirul of ih • Ihr... I l«>riniiii ti.e ciintiiienf. nn V cnrj;i> of i with.Mit tnn <'hin;i. >.ii||.> I n;r d St If liilii'l tlii'< li,: a'*i;iiiiipli-lie.| States." I'liili r t'l ill the >i ..,ioi «li!ri-n'; and il wrote «s fiilln !•• the I 'a. i fir 'III- oouiiirv. J^iate l.e;:i^la tion on the ^n lia>< taken iiiih I lie III |HI on ill, .1 VI ral <<'lMlu,ii,ii iha iriii.ii ot found to U- ii; Five ii.iif follow ini,' i-% I wlii« h their ot I. Kxlreiue \, ^. Moriiiiiii 3, iSeiiti.n's 4. Alliiii|iii'r(ii Kit reine 1. Kxtreme Ni 'I'liiiinl It 2. Mormon Kit 3. llnifimV IJi Tunnel nl •I. All i|i|iieri|ii 't. K'xtrenie Si III, Nt l'\ 1 1 .'.I merr^. U» p..«ition wirl, ft,,, tm !.• win.l- in iho F*M,'iiio Riven o it tlit eoiiirul of ih^ ••ntiri' I'u.ifu' o-i.i.t. mi| .if A'iii hIi ». •Il.r.'. ih.ii. w..,iM Im- ||„. iiui ^r Hi..im »\ »..r n.-ifi..n-<. wltli it* H-rmiiii tl.,- I |..t. r.r tli .•..iiini. rv.- .f Ivimp- in I .\-i;i ilf Am.ri.-ini O'Mtiiu'iif, iiml till' w .rl I, im Lr ili , r..| m I n niii.-n nt ..I on- hrn I. A ci\ri<> »( 111 -r,-',;!.,. lice mi-ht tli< ti p.».* Ir.iin fti- Atlii.tic t.. rhi- l»»filir. widi.xii rrin-h |.Mi..|it ..r .|. 1 iv, wli!, ili • lur'iul .li-tJiM.-.- fr-.tii L.n.l-'ii t.. (hiini. ....... -J.om II,,!,., |,..^ ,>,,,„ ,„^ ,,„,.,, n^..|^. ,., I ^. ^^, ,, ,,|,^„^ ,,^. ,,,^ I i.:f -J Si ,f M. I,. I l.ii-'aiil. i|,..„. .,• ., ,,.„ f..rti; |,..rul...I, ,.fri.,Mir. a>..| l.uill till- iii.» u lli..ii« >\ f,.r II,. ^^.H'^ our I1.T ..wn •..il. |i ,• u. I •• i«.-..MItl|.l|.||,',I Willi 1ll.h|l.,.Mti..ll« ..I, tl, i.|.,„ ,,r.. l.l |.v 11, f to tllr I l,;t..j rii.Iir tlic j»ri' -;iiv « f |>mIiIIc' .;.'iii n in fl^. |„if. ] Sms., r.,iipr,'.*, in tlif Sssion uf |s.V.», ,,,i,.,l |imi.u.m) .!..;|.,r> t'.-r \]t>- .urv.v ..|^ v.ral •lir'tiiict P.utcs for a Knilw.iv i.> i!..- r.K-ui.-. At tlii, time iiiiM'tnit ilimi^iif Sui.-s uf tlic I iiiiiii |,,i.M' I n ..|iii.ii,» ill i.n.xir ..f il,. inti-i- pri-ic ; aitil ihe I'i>in'.< ri'm->|h ii,|. i.t hi .N,\\ V..rk in .Imu' |..ll f..ll..w •• Till- |,ri-j.fUi! K'iiilfit.i fi,,|i, •'„■ .\|i.,U,i|.|,i \;ilU-\ 111 tin- I'm i fir IKcjui i-* n.iw i-mIhii:.' ii \,r\ p-n. r.ii inii n »f iliiini.li.iii • liH comitr\ . Il !•« ilie tiuMiH- ol' uiiIm r-.,il iliM-ii->iitii m fi.ii\»iiti« ii-*, Slate I.I ;.'i-l »Mn^ nnil |>iil>lic Uxli s ..l" cm r\ 'li -crii.ii.iii. Iiit..inm- liiiii ..n tlir ^iil.ji'cl i^ ri;i,| uiil, aviiiiiv . aii.l tlio Ir-li ral (ioMrniiniit lias fiikni Imlil III' ilu- m.i t« r w itli 1 arn- »iiu -.«. I'lic Im |Miii ill l.s.'j.'j ,,(■ ||„. Sill iar\ .i|' War i.f tin- ( iiifi- 1 .*«fnr«-", nil till -t \i ral Taritir ii'iiiiitia>l »xi.!i"ia;iiiii». *i«.|i.- f'l 11\ in \\,irr. 1.1 \\i<- r<>lni(i,ii.|| rliai •l.ir..||,||ii.ti,,i, ..f'n I,' lilwav In l!,. I'.h itli « >iiir\i'\r>iii|m'|i nt » ii:.-iiirir-i. ntii, 4. Aliiii.|iii'r'|iie I '■•_' 5. Kitri'iiic s.nitlii'rn l,•il-^ I' .!.(. 1.. ..IK. ,1 • ('.'I.ij rifl'ni • ■ ■( Ir 1 M .- !• Il.r- !■> It'MI ... ;.'..tn7 .. . \'\» "•'I. •I'm •.'Mill ... •.',-:» .. . 1 ll..ll''.'i.lHM( |M,',t>ii .. .i.l-.'-. ., ■ l-'.-lJ ... -..-I'. ., .. hi'i vin •.'•••■» ••»•-', ;m ... :'.:■.!'.» ., ,. i.'»,'.'7ii."ui» Si .(MIT III III. .Ill r 1' ,-.<. Il-I 1. K\trrmc' Ni.riliorii R.aiti' ) f iMill 'riiiiinl It cli\ali()ii .if... ) ' . ', 2\'.i 2. Viiriiinri Koiiir ►. .J7? 3. l(i'llt:iirr |{ii(lt<> ) ( UMI.IJ 'ruMiu'l at »'li'\a!iiiii of/ I !i .'i 10 4. All iii|ii«Ti|iii. Hi. lit.. y ^-2 ■>. Kxtn-iiur S.iiitlii rii Uoiiti' -'«"I7 •>.< I • 111. i-..itt l\ il i- roil,!, i. Ml f.rw'l (lai tli. i..,i,| in hilil t.. In- iiii|iru li.-.il.li-. 1 The Xeic York Herald — the Jn-iei of the tranxatUniic world — f-nrimt-nfing opon thi* rep>rT, lOtli .M»i\h, ib^o, otwervea : — •' I p<»n ilie wliul'-, thi4nffieial report, the rviwme of authentic and reliable expliiruiionf, Ix'an* iii* out fully in all we intve caid fur th(> last t^-a jears of the lii'iiu« and re vuitiiif^ sterility jod J«-iialation of alt that vast region \y\^'i b«-twe>'a the immvijiate vallt>j of the Minaifoippi and that gri'at miiuutalnchaia, the Sierra N«\ada which ovFrtooks the Pacific. >'r<>in the I{riii'*li boundary down ut the boundarj of Mexico and fur bcvond. it is no Axifttic region of tiint>erle.'i4 ^tJ-pp^s, volcanic mountainn, ami ^andy i|«'««rti», \rry cIoxpIj rr'^inl>lin^ tht' dfOf-rt' of Araliia. Such is lii«* Great Ba.«in, tho onlj inipiii-tHiit (;a-iM of wliich 1:1 >ici'urii»'d by the Mortnuus ; such is the coufitry between tin' Ciilit and the Pacitie ; and audi ia the liniUdcn tirriiorv. •• Wr consider thi" report conclusive as to the l»e(»t route for a F*«cifio Kailro.il tlirou;;h I tiit'-d StHti" (•^rrifDn — it is the extreme southern route. A ;;^ino* nn any r'^'p'-ctable niufi of lii*- rnit"d State*, at the reveral rmiti-- iinlicuteil, will snti-^fy \\\r rniili-r <>t thin fact. The ••n^iiieern of the armv liiive unJT inailc it more elrnr ainl ifactury from their actual nur- xiv* Tlie only rt'iiiainiu<; '|ii"htion, then, i.-* tlie C'l^t and the time required \\j \i\\\\<\ a Rdilroad 2,000 miles over .in uninhnbitcil d uf all kiii'U to be nupplicl from ;lif twu extrennti"-*." Tlic //'//'/ Tilrjnifi/i, i;'.th l'»briinrv, lM."i»;, cuntiniKd a coinnnmi- ciitiuii. litiii;.' fioiii MM Aiii' liijin | .ipcr tuk article intiilfd •• l^ \ I'AMdt. I'aii.i;i>a1' 1 11- 1 III I r" n'' f 'liovv-, : — " It :ill tiirn« upon a ■(Ot'.itinn '■( *»ati'r. Tlio f{iiilio:id can !)«• built, no dnobt , but wb-'fliiT till' iron hi>r««' onn Vi.id drink eMoii;;li to xuHtain him on In- Inn;: jcMriii-v. i« tin- nnM,'ttleation is rolling |iriiiri" coviroil witli liixuriaiit ;^riis>i, wator«atiTl'-..,* trei-I. h*, oa unpro- tliicti\e a-i a bank of nv].,., c^i -pt tii;it ut Ion;; infrrvHU inlted trees ami a litit"' cii.irtx" gruAH. Tbo tiniber ri'ipiircil for tbi?< part of the road, the fixxl for til'" rop|>ort of Iftbourer", and evrry article ntucsK«ry for the paitSAge of trainji will have to be trAii.-porte.l from regions more highly favoured by na'ore. '• 'riiis iloMert extend.'' to llio bn*e of the Kooky .Moinitains. The r«>st of tbf di^tam-e to tin- I'at-ihr in an alt( :nation nf nioorUaitis. deep Tttlleya, tabb'-laiids aod d""-. n pliiioH. A (onall fmriiun of tlii>< region, which ia ni'irt" tbaii l.'H'O iiiili>. \s i-le, in w.ll \\(; Micd nml sulfificnily watere niierr rain »ervc — of country, on iH rulting treainR, and t.aclf to thu , ofl unpro- BtreiiuiK aro trve^H ami a aK>tnrr l)v a >«t«Til«' Ih-U llv" i ( eipitoTM aa it ia, farniahea faoilitiea and owning for the buildinf of a Rail* r«MMl that aeenn aloaost providential. The lack of wood sz-.d water ia the only acrioua ohatacle, and the oulv question in whether it ia inaurniuuntahlu. " Timber, of couroo. can be l><>u„!it and transported. A eroaa-tree, ralua here 25 centa, doublet ita curt by IteinK trnn.H|K>rtid ISO milM. Conae- qaentlr ther* will ba hundreda of milea of the Facifte KailroMl. erery croaa- trra or which will coat thre« or four dollura. Then ha|^ depota of fu«l will hare to b« eatabliahed all alon^ the route, eTery cord of wood, rvery tun of comI, euating five ur i>ii timea ita value on the MianiFnippi River. " Nonpy can do all thi<*, however. But mour'v cannot tnuwport the enormoua quontities of wiiter that will be re(juired for the locomotiv< s. That i.-* totally out of the rpteftiou. It rcmaiu.i to be aaoertained whethk-r by Imring into theu arid warten. and into thoae rocky hills, water can l>v obtained. That ia the queHtion to \te settled before it can be known whether a Kailroad to the Pacific throiif^h I'nited Stat< . territory ia or it not a poKHibility. After that it t>ettli'd it will be time to enquire whether it it worth while to cip^'iiJ the almost incalculable suin thai the Railroad i« ill COKt. " Tlierc, rewlor, you h.ive the caae in a urt shell ; you are tavcd the trouble of going o\or lieups of n'portB and nuii.. fixes." Ten mnnthi* later, and notwiih«tan con- struction will not only bring \Vc«tern America into more intimHte iind kindly relaliooa with Ixith i-liiires of the Atlatitic, hut that San Kranoi-co and New York will therehy l.ei-<»me ntntions cu the qui('ke^t route from )M>th .AuHtralia aii liy -im, and (Vmii the We.sf ioKti nd of the Kiist, yet that is by no meuus iinpotv-ihle. That the Cttmjiletion of this n*ad «(juld qitaJrupl>^ the em<,|(ratioo from the Atlantic nlope and the Mi-xistiiipi VhII< y to the sij.^rp^ of the Pacific, will hardly l»e doubted. AVe believe it would hmmUt ('alilnrriia the roott deniraMe new country, an& the glolie. We exciinate the to'al eoMt of the work ut lUO million (hi!i>er milo lor the 1,000 miles stretchinj; from he eaNtern luine of the Rm-ky Mount.iiif. to the wentern ba^e of the Sierra .Neviidu, or iiti t'ljuivulent to tliii". it ll't) northern route fhall In- cho(cting link should never be formed. NVe do not lielieve the con^'rue- tiim of the entire Railroad need cost the nation anything like 100. (loo ooO dolian*. ['robably a company could he fuuiul, or got up, that would iiiuler- take it for half that amount, investing the reHiil;.e ax capital, iiiil i ven were it to co«t one hundred millior (lollars, we say — let it l>e madi'. It would add more to the grealnes.* of thik country, and do more for the well- heiii;; of our people *1kiii i hundred H\.rna I'uim. I>et us have the I'acific not ithin MTcn il*ys of ui, sn.n(iitiir'' l>_\ l-!i)<^htnii :in I r.iiiaMa iif 7J mi li.Mis i»r iliiiars uii"ii li l{ iil«.iy wliioli I* to »'a.l a iii-w finpirt.' into . \.-X>\\r,-, uii'i ji-'iir iiri" ot llr<' ^H'-aX stream-, .it ihi' >Vi>rll'» cniTViii^t Irriil'' tlii''"i.Ii \'f \m 1 ail [ii . . ini.-'- •'(' til'; :/.i'.l 1..1;; ">l" ii t 'lO'i-^ i.i 1 luil'-i 'if raih^ay \ \ .iiK>>ii\>r"> l.-l,itii| >,:'.i\^ in the North Pncihi; Mn;li R'In aiita;^! - ot" -I..! '.ii'l [lo-itiiiii vn. arc i»ilv jmrall'Mil hy tho><' ot t iiha ill tl.f < aril-hfaii. a'l I ..f ti. ■ |{riti>h I-' it.j- m the North Atliinlic. iliai \a-t ti-rritory. wi.ir'i 'n.t ho.- alont; on;- n irthi-ni fruiitiors troni tho ;;rtaf Ink'- to tlie F^auirii-, has l«-.n lon^ 8' « lu^i •! from th<- kMi>\\'i'<)^"' ol iiiaiikiri'l l>y tho jfuloii- |.-ili.'y of the lliiij-'jii - Mav rmupaiiy, tint tin- kill II i.f thf. va>t moll ipoly hii.-i hi'i>i( ,-trui k, ati 1 Kii;;!uni| ha- f.mii'l hiTHolt' ini>tr''^s of a iiini;iiilii'fiif virgin lioininioii wljrn- >hi' ha\a~t<'S. 'I'lif r 'i >ii tliroiij^h wliii'li ttic l'a''ilic KaiU\ay \v.\.^ to run p .o,'- ii> Im' ii" less l.'t'-'l t" all tiio |iur|K.«ei* of Ho"- cultun; anJ of (.•onim. n-. '.Iiati the ('ana la.- tio rn.i Ives." '1 he ril !a-f, coiitirin- tin- iirv\- of the ili-i-ovt-ry "l' jT'.M on t!i. IVa-ir •m\<\ <'M 'I li Jixtaul day th(,' -Iiori'H of I'rt^'rt SouidI will have a Ueii-c |xi[iiilation. " 'I'li'^n," a Atlantic to tlii- I'licific. It would (••••^in that a "iifcial l'r<>\ iiji in-.- lia.s plaii-.i tlil.H in»;^niliei nt inland s<-a of Iniri.otir- fircrisi ly whiTf it i.- |plai-.' spfcial |iiir|M.-.- of a iia'mal • : i . "o i''<' V I -tern t 'rill in us of our ;. i-.it lii;:;ii wa v fir a I ii.iM'iii- acr- •■ 'li- ' •u'lO' lit. It i- a Colli' 'I<-<1 point tiuit ihc I'in-itic <-o.i.-t will -.•n' i-oinni.i >'l tlo- tr.hl'- of till- \a-t r'';;ion.» of ( 'in. .I;i;'iii .iii'l i!ii' A-iaiii- .\rci'ipi'la;ii. « liirti has ulways bc' II thr gv. :it i-iii,i ucrtial pi i/i- in anch n' .i- W'il a.- i i'-in timfs. r<'ri-ia, AN.-_\ria, ( '..vlli,r_'.> iinil K'inif s'Aa.td tlr \. »rl'I a- tiny cimtriiilid tilt! I'omiiitTiri- of tl r I!,-'. Vcniff, ti'ii'a, l.J-'"a .\iii>lt rdain loi'l l."ii- i! Ill havt' i-a-'fi ill 'i.i'i I l.'-,iiii'i| fotii ri iai ^'ijn-'ioa. v a- tlii'V liiianio till' .ii-po-i r of i i-i'iii liKurics to thf Wr-'i.i Will Id. 'i'o iImm ^runtl iiihi'rilaiict; llii' I'.ioi'i. .-m-i J^ (,i sui'-i 1, no. I t' i; jioint wlnTC the li;»il- way ti riniiiiiti .s on li" I'.i. ,lic i- to Ui tl.i' plav.'t. " Tlic iVrtv Yori '/'< ihiiiii;\n Marfli l^i."!!.'!! id: — ■ "Thf roiitf thrniij.li !'.iiii-h Anifrita i^, in -niif n-fifiT-*, pvn prc- ftrahlo to that tliriiijrh uar own tirritory. lly li" fmuifr the di.-tanco from liiirup'" t<) ,\-ia i- -iiiif tlinii-aiol inilo-< -li 'i t-r than by the hittfr. I'a-sin;; |■lo^f tii fh'- iiorthf rn hliorf of I .i\i: Siipt- . i,,r. tr iMT-iii;: flif *aifr- >li.'il wlin-h tliviilfrt the .• tn ani.i llowmj; lovwinl lli'' Arctic >fii from tli'i-o w' ich li.ivf tlifir fxit soiith\iii|inruti\«» oIum|iii.'-.», iti,uM ()|H'n ii|) n r> ;;h»M nl>uiinl<> tiinluT ni)'l ullu'r natural |>riHlii>;tr-, ami U'liniriiljv siiifi .| to (frazinj: i»n«l ihf cruwtli .,1 jir.iiii. Having it!« Atlantic t-'-a p< rt ;ir Hilit'ii\. and itt racific il«'i> t lU'ar Nain-'xn. r* I^lall'l. it wo\il«l inf\ iialily draw t.) if th«> cnimmTcr <>f Kurope. A«ia. ami tlw riiiftil Stafc« Tliu« |{iili<-li Aiiicrii-.i, frnm a nicre colonial il<|iiil,l a-^imu' a Coii- trulliri'^ r.ink in tho uorM. To her oiIiit Daliuiisi wotiM 1 .• tril'iiturv ainl in vniii wuiil.l til'- I'liiti'il StatiT. attiinpt tn !.>• Ii« r riv.il, I'l.r >\i i-'iilil II".. r ■ii.-j.'itf witli lit-r till' j>o.«se.>!»iiin <<( tip' A.^lativ.' » •■iniiicrvc, or iht' |>«>wi'r t|i;if i" pniit'-r*. " lint ili(» niattiT ri'at lies lioyond the cujriir^tiiiri^ r>f national iiitrri>t, nnil li.i- II wiiliT ^(•llp^■ tlmn tin* mere M-i.tinn'iit of {'Hfrioti-m. We lui'l liopi-i| tliut ilii- If. |iiii>lio iiii^lit make the t-a-y ctTttrt iicr<'«.«ary to ;;ra-|> a \Tiif so iiia;;i;i:,. . nr . Kut wi- ."li.ill lirtil \\:ili Miti.-fattii n lie :i( tiial ro'iHii. iiC'iiiiiit ,,t Mii-li a \rork, wlii'invir niij I'V n hoin-i-oi r it i- unilirt:ikrii riif I'l/i t'jliiiniti Iitifiiirer, Apiil 1, ! > > I , hU-i i1.i,.> \\:ii.H : — Tli.' S'li- \.'i|.|..iii(m(iit at W ii-Tiiii-'on, ami his (Irpiriiire for Kiin-i.e. Ao. " \\> liopc, iiiilt'«'(l, that ll;ii> jj.lilfii iiia;iiiitici rf opportiinil v ■<( tlw I'liifi i| State- to takf and h'll.j r.,r c^rr th- ;;ii.r.-i m / cv it ofl'( r' d. or which can <'\ cr a;.'.un I ffiri'd, to any n iti .ii. i- loi c. l.ir ;:oitr - ic i..it >acriti<'id 'Without hopi- of ri'i'oxn-y. Ilof flu- jiro.-i 't w<> cniifi-"«!». is a ;r!o<>iny oiif. " KroMi (^cii I.i'C or .Mt'iitr'al tin' riiir '' ■ '"> S.nind !•* fi sirai'^lit line, f>'fl«il)l ', III. il, ill.' the lii-,,;-' '(' from Lii-i.i, na tit>i ' n liuuln-il inili .- f'hortiT than n\t r tin' liiii.'d Mad-.-. " \\ f havr |»>-t|voni d, if iii't sai'ritir. d. ilie M"-' idid ."ppoi i.inity of W'tilrli. id" loiiiMicreial iti id political pramh ur cv i r hroiiphf within tio- ^t' «p of any nation, and pns-id if o\ i r t-i a tI^.tI a.'* nothii<^ Woriii ; \'i li.-it Ciilpaldc iiiilitl'miii «' l.i li.i'tii; lot' i • -i > •I tlu- ;.:ri'at nation Till' ( lo\ I'rniii' of ^I 1 - ~" :n. in In-' im --;i;;( to iln' ( ■ vin rul A i lobl v, ji'lvirt-. to thi" rai'ific liiiilwa\ ai foU.ws : — " It is n witrk for tin' peopli' ''ii' ^i u hic'i ;i .! 1 n .' i t|. ,p iiitirci-t and t" H jiii'li till -lioiild, ill' 11 loi !•. C'liiti'ilaitf |.> :;ni liiaio .ii iti" ai'tion. ( )iir r , U to flic I'm i''c w.ll j.o rail- to .lii|.,.ii, (. liioa, and Imiia, 'lli.y will 1 I III- 11- iiit.i iiiiiiM'iliatc » !..,-< roiitacf with u[)w a r.N of (JiMt.ouii.i'dO ..i • c, w'io«ill III' x'.'d in ex. Ii.iii;;c fur tin ir \alual.li' piodni'l.'* (o r> mir - "III!* I.ct tlii- r.idi'.iad l-c cuii.-triii-t.'il and (>ur nnrcliandi.m' wiii n-at'li I lOM' rii h A-iatic (i.iintiii- in a lew ila.h, in till salcty hikI certiiinly — a'aich iiiii;: I'"!' 1 . r 1 .. !• 'i ,- .md dan;;i imo"^ ...iilc um r niuic tliun 3U,UU0 iiiiK't; ot pcril.ju . i.. . .'i, ; . .,i..i !• i ..] . nl (;.,,..i jl.ipf ." 'i'lic (i.v.riuM- of Aii.'.ii :.- Ill il,.' ti.ntTHl A'^-cihIjIs of lii.>* iSlalc, «.u\ ■ '• Til,- III ^hty ch'iii.'iit iif |>iii'(]i riiy- rail^iiri* — ir* working wondi-rs hII II roil n' I , anii ihc tiiiii' i- at hum! i^licn our .*' cr of i-oniiiit rce, >»ciihli, Hiid |le of the I'niteU Htatci nir nmicipnting;, with n gpt-oies 'i( gpncrou-* rivulrv vvhich is not unworthy of their chnrncter anct, has rtinarked ; — " Thn empire of the worM, in a commeroial jmint of \iew, will hence- forth belong to that nno uf thu two pt.wi r» of Kngland or America which siiall be the tirst tu tiixl iiiianti to ei>tuliiiih a direct r>t) the conti- ii«>nt of America, whi-rrhy to cmimunicatp most rnpiilly with tht' preat Kast on the Pacific t-uit and with Knn>|.e on the Atlantic ?ido. Thin will be the (tKKAT Ui<,HW.iY \>y which the i.rold world will liave • v be carried to t!i<- Ka*tfrn w irld. lieiice it if< thnt tlio victory which in to gJTP the Empire of thf \S'orld will Ix' >jained t,y that power which thall he the first to (^BtaMiuh the lint; of railroB'l aci"0«8 rrj^ioiis aud couiilrit-B which art! yet unkniwn and mx-xplorcd. The struK^le for the attainment rf thi.-* priMit victory ih \m'I1 vvi.rth the troulile and exfX'nso which it will cost; for the empire of the hch.« and commercial dominion over the whole world are the great stakes which are being played for." On ever^• ground then of present interest (»«y« the Marning Punt in R late artiilcy— on every ground conncctiKl with the future welfare of Hritish North America — on evtry coniideration atftcting the great destiny which Cnnadn has ro fullil »» an er|ui)>oise to its Kepublican n< i[:hl>our — thii BubjiTt of a I'.riti-'h i>iLANri< >m» Pacific Railway oii;,'hl at once to oouimend iii»:) ov States tcrritj ojicn. Tlio di.-t;u| ("ood Hope I'ront l.ivJ -n'ne route iil about 70 da| But, pending th4> ounAiructiun nf the t%\o eastern link* of thi* great iron chain of iuqterial tmiiHit tu Axia, the n>ui>- will l«c as fulluw : — From Portland (•> Montrt>aI From M«»nfrp»l to T«»mnto I'roiii Tonmto to DetnHt ... Fmin l>elroit to Chiongo ... From (hica^'o to I>n (.'nma Kn>m I-« C^>^h to Femliino Fnm> IVuiliinn to Fort LanjjU-y ... Total (iirttanre Mile*. 292 3. S3 i!-»3 in:* 1. 100 2,D93 At tlie prc^nt mommt rHilway connnunu'aiion i-* ncttinlly ojh-ti from Portlnml on the Atlfliitic fc^Jioard, to Ij« (,'n)-> in Miime-ota. a (liiitnnre into the interior of 1,35j niiien ; nnd «lroa|ioned bv the time that The ATi.ANrfi am» I'Acinc Junction Kailw \t and Land Company shall h«\t' 0 Total I1.C36 Mv the mixed n)nte. partly Dritiih. partly United States, tbc distaixi- Willie— Miles. From I.i VI r^»or>l to Portland ... ... 2,7.')0 From Portland, rin Chicnpo, to I'm i Langley 2,y93 From Fort Lanpley to Chaughae... ... S.H.'iO Total li,.v.);i Uf this disiimee 7(13 milc-^ are over llriiish territory- ainadv niadc. iind I.IC.I over British territory to b«' njade, leaving 1,(»70 over I niud States territory, of which about .'>H0 miles are alreaen. The di.-t.mco from I.iveqKxd to Changhae by way of the ('«[•« . ♦' (;i">d llojx^ aTid Siiigai»orp i'< about 12,090 mihM. I'nmt l.iveqMMtl to .hxldo, the capital of Ja|uin, the distanoe by lh«' hft'nc route in about 13,290 miles. The voyagu* by Hteam rcsnels being about 7U davs. .'S n„. |',.,iHilatii.ri of i;tin.i-t>, arcr.nliii'' i" tl..- W. , ir Al.i .i.i.i.-, I.^IO, N n " ;•"' 'Jo.tM.H, «ii'i til' |.^.Mi;»tii.!i <■»■ A -in »;■ -« .' !i;."r.t, ,|„ -n-m liikci mi.ouni t- ••.7s »..-,io. „n.l in tl.- <\v • \'vv h i-r i.-os y. .} H!i0.tHH», TDikiriff tniivther i.cnriv lU.iMin.itiM.. Tl..' t .ih1 p..-..iiiui'-M. in i>^.".'>, of tl..' ii.if.a >'^» v.! . " r.»'>.*>. ( I. ;.•«•'.», ii." l-<;{-'. *a> « t>w I'-v' c-.il.in-: ii. 1''7 ;■ - j-'pu a'.S'.n ua- n J.'^'i><». I" lf<-'l 'I"- "'"">>'''• ..f lail.- "'f I ilu.,v -'ii; r.hl.vd ;.-, h a::uj\mvd.tn io, «nd th.- annual nmi.i' In.iu t'l tf'.- n^ :.'■ 'H fS.iMMl. In 1H:».'> !h«' ii.il. s <,f rjiilway r. ntmnt: n :t v • n J '.■-... ur»l •!■• n'Tipi-* fn.m traftic £.*,*■)•"'■'. fi I"- 'll.erc «n- in tb- I lut^l Staf^ ul^K.l _>.; nun ,,,,1 s •: i,.;. •.-»•.» .'..rattoii. Thi'N haxp c-t, uii thf a^vrap'. |.'7.:;"|' ■' l'->- l>i il''. an . ii;c ^-ii-BKr (o.rl h;.\f l->.n con-tnu'tp:! l,y !ri-l 1 ' • ^ ^ ^ TLo ;.'ri»*^ jH.j)uiatloii >.t' our Ik nu «'.d coluiiial ei.;,'. ..: (•■>■•''■•■ -''*» jiiiilii.ns of souIj. ^ . . 1 „„ Af.or d.-!actinn iK-irlv 28 i.,illions a; ti.c i..'i.r.-.t u • : " - i_ •"•' .:..-..,r.-, tl.rre n-i.,«in 1 7 ■< ....liioi.i ns thr s;.'Cn--!>!. y-. .I:'.'...u ot ,ur »ii- a t" i>.ipiiUli«n f^n-ii k. ".' t ; - ;'.;ii' milr, I.i'iu lin- -lino. Ausira!:a .'• ditto. Ani.Tica l-.'- '■'■''•■ !n lH-,.i UriTinh prod.io,. to ilu> ^ali..• of ov.t M '• r.iH-iH f'. . in^ VB. tviwilei]..'f wl.iol. .-•• n.illion" worth «,-ut f . fou .,•.. -i.'c-, nnd 20 million-, wortli lo l>ritf li o-loiiir-. _ ^ rU, luil' 'I States t,>ij« uorth iMiiafc' 1*1. 4^/ jHT head ,.f h»-r j-onuL-^iioii. A.iimlin i.-k 'i 1..1I- lio.w n-.»rth. Uinsr at the rate i^ £S I"/'. ^''. 1-r h. ul of Iht ...p.^l.t.... ; and JViti^-h Am'Tica t.-': nonrU :> ....!',•..;.-. "V 11 ^"*- ■' '■ I" • ' '"' "' r r V.' lUl i« ill'. ■»•• I'l ItH • ticuli 11..1I I \. :,.\ F»l BLICATIOXS TlIK >f n.riXf nF .-lU UK (lAIUi RKulN s I'KOJK.f I 1 >» - I ill I Hftlifaz and Queb«o Sailway, ^VITH (i-rih"* "K MKMulM \l.-t. « ()IM;F>l*0\r)KNTh KM'"i i NO IK l.> in. I....iil .11 . K Un. .X i;..v.,i K\. ! UIM'.'C I •• j r Scotland in the Western Heautphttre. • ■•■■'iloii: r. >'.i M.i p., ( Irari.if: ^ .'. hi-, [".'mi. \ British and American InUreoarM; KTirK n. Till KAKL OF HLKUY. PKiMK MlMS«[Li; Thrd€ i.ddreMes on ColonUation in HoTm Scotia Keir BnmawiciL (;imjiw isi-i. Farther Ixpodtion of Sir Bichard B^oob'i Or«at Schema for Direct Jlnf lo-Aaian laterMNUM. I..»..(U.n I Vak STAirout^ C, ClMurittg ( row. J»i4.