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Photographic

Sciences
Corporation

23 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580

(716) 872-4503

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CIHM/ICMH

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1 2 3

'' 1

' *

JJ - JL I" !

WELLinOTOIV & ABBOTT,

■■ (SUCCESSOnS TO A. SEIONRTTK A CO.,)

No. 47 Water Street, New Yprk,

* TMPOirrKRS OF

ANDIES. OINS, WINES, FRUITS, &c.

e Agents in flio I'niU'd Stiites for the followinjr liijjlily crlobrated Urnndios, Ac. : —

rouNAc. -.iri.Ks uomx & co..

v ROCHELLE.-ALKX. SEKJNKTTK, I'. I KVKQUE,- A. DELUCK.

PINE OLD CHAMPAGNE. -K. (JKANTY.-H. HUTTON.
HOLliAND «IN. (JUAI'E LEAF. DEW DKOP.

We have constantly on hand a hirgo stock of the varions grades of

Port, Hherry, Madeira, Malas^u, Claret, Champagne oui other Wines;

Also,Scotclj and Irish Whiskies, Janiaica and St. ("roix limns, White Wine Vinegar, Bordeoux
PruncB, Olive Oil, Walnuts, Castile Soap, Ac. Ac.
N. B. — All for sale O'oni I'nitcd States Bonded Wiirelidnses, entitled to Debentnre.

p^inor^m:^

r.i

:-x'^

or THK

. LAWRENCE,

lixTF.xnixa

FBOM NIAGARA TO aUEBEC.

KNa RAVED FROM THE VHAR'M OF THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT,

PHOTOGRAPHS, kc, WITH
VIEWS OF ALL THE CITIES IN CANADA.

ILLUSTEATED WITH FORTY-TWO EHGKAVINOS.

BILLIARD TABLES.

I> H E T. A^ ]Sr ' S

Improved Billiard Tables and Combination

Cushions.

l^ntented liv I.etters I'ntent., dated
Fvh. 19. ISrxi ; OH. 28, 185*5 ; Ike. .'>, IS.^'v ; ./«)(. l'.>. 1K58 ; Nov. IC), 1858 ; nml Mnr. 29, 1859.

For Sale only by O'CONKOR & COLLENDER, Bole Ma&ufacturen,

65, W if 69 Crosby Street^ JTtw Tork,
And the Patentee, MIOBABL PHELAN, 786 and 788 Broadway.

" PBICE TWENTT-FIVE CENTS.

•«?

.!4

■ x'-jriiffiiis^l J-;-,! ,;*,,

T rr ^''"''™'' ' "

GLEN COVE STARCH MANUFACTORY.

The above engnivliid represents the extensive
workH, erected in IS.')'^, iitOlen Cove. LonRlsliiml, for
the nianufiicture of Dnr.veii's celebrated l'»lent
Htarch iind Miiizemi. In tlieir eoniiib'tinn, all lias
been done to produce ii |)erfecl niHiiiifaeturin}.' estab-
liHlinicnt, tlnit ample niean^, eidarjjed experience,
luid tbe latest and best Inipiovenienis in intchanical
science conld cnnnnand. Its mnnerons resources are
unec|ua1led, either in this or any other country, and
can only be appreciated when it is unilerstimd that it
is capalde of turnin;? out 'Jil tons of the linest and
purest wldte Ptarch per ihiy, or 1',i,(Mt<l,(HH) lbs. per
annum, wtiich is some 4,iHtil,m)() lbs, more than all
(Jreat Ilritain manufactured in lS!t5. The reputation
of this starch is now so well established, that it needs
no especial notice to commcml it to the public's favor.
It is onl.v necessary to »a,v, that wliile in purlt.v and
strength it excels all others, its price is as low as
tliat obtained for ordinary ((ualities.

A few of the many excellent ijualities for which this

1st. It is so nutritious that the robust Inbourini; man,
may derive more vital strenRth from its use, than
from lis eiiulvalent in meat, or any other substance,

2d. It is so easily digested, that the most confirmed
dyspeptic, nmy not oidy eat lieartily of it without dis-
comfort, but may, by a partial conlinement to its use,
be ultimately restored to siound health,

8d. Ileing extremol.v palatable, and ver,v easily
flavoured. It supplies a choice article of diet, eitlier for
the Rormand, or for tlie .jaded and weakened a)>i)etite
tliat cannot relish stronger food,

4th. It is especially adapted to the use of children,
particularly such as are of weak nrganism, and pre-
disposed to Summer comjilaints, or to derangements
of the digestive organs.

The various forms in which it may be prejiared, are
dessert, it is larKel.v used not oidy in private families, but in many of tlie best liotels in the country, as well
as upon the steamers plying upon our rivers and lakes, it being folly eipial iu nicety of relish to the rlcliest
pastry, while it is a thousandfold more digestible and healthful. It is eciually adajited to the making of
custards, puddings, pies, cakes, and various kind* of confections.

We append receipts for a few of its most pojmlar forms of ju'eparation.

Bhinc. .Utittfie. — Heat up three eggs, and tliorougld.v | BoUfl CiiKtiin/, <//■ Mmk- '/>.///(.— Two table-
mix in six tablespooiifula of JIai/.cna, wl.ch add to , spoonfuls of Mai/.ena, one ((uart of milk, two or three

' M.uzenii. In addition to tlie Immense <|uaiitity of
Starch made by this establishment, it manufactures
a new ami most palatable article of fo-^d called
" Maizena," wliich Is extracted exclusively from the
choicest and purest Southern White Corn, and imt up

' in iioiind packages, with directions for use, with the
trade mark " Maizeiia'' on • each package. Tliis
admirable addition to our every day bill of fare, is
one Mf the most whcdesome, nntritioiis and agreeable
arlicien of food, to be found within the whole range of
fariiiaceouii diet; and wherever introduced invari-
ably meets with umtualilied ajiprov-il. A more

^ healthful preparation has never been iiroduced by
the joint elTorts of Nature and Art. Hesides tlie basis
being from the purest white corn, the water used in
the process of manufacture is obtained from natural
springs, and is quite free from the impurities that
always contaminate streams, gathered from hill
sides, am. llowing along the eartli's surface.

jireparation is justly celebrated, will bear enumeration.

Tith. It is an invaluable aid in tlie sick room, as well
as for the aged and intirm, who will find in this, wliat
\ the.v in vain seek for in any other article of diet. Its
pmiity and strengthening (pialities, together with its
eaieiof digestion, all combine to give it a deserved
preference.

6th. Its superiorit.vas a Summer diet, it lielng cool-
ing and soothing in its nature, wliile at the same lime,
it imparts ail necessary strength and vigour.

7th. Ttie ease and dispatch with which it can be
prepared for use, a few minutes only being required
in cooking most of its coinliinations.

8th. It is cheaper than aii.v other food, when we
consider tlie actual per eeutage of positive nutritive
\ matter, or real life principle which it contains.
as numerous as its beneficent uses. As an article of

■i quart of milk, heated to nearly the boiling jioint,
ami previously salted. Allow the whole to boil a few
minutes, stirring it briskly. Flavour to your taste, and
pour into moulds. It may be .sweetened w bile cooking,
or, if preferred, a sauce may be used. To be eaten
cold.

Mill ntf Pii<JcUn(i. — Hy mixing raisens in tlie above,
an excellent Plum Pudding is produced, wliidi may
be eaten warm, witli sauce to your taste.

B(ik-ed riKUIing. — Five tablespoonfuls of Maixena
to one quart of milk. Dissolve the Maiitena in a part
of tlie milk, and salting the remainder, let it nearly
boll, and then add tlie Maizena, letting tlie whole boil
three minutes, stirring briskl,v. AVhen cool, stir in

three eggs, well beaten, with three tablespoonfuls of | little strong meat gravy before cooling,
sugar. Flavor to suit, and bake half an hour. j boil well with milk.

For sale hy all the prindpal DruijijUts and Grocefg 'no the Counti-y.

eggs, half a teaspoonful nf salt, and a small piece of
butter. Heat the milk to nearly boiling, and add the
Maizena, previously dissolved in a part of tiie milk.
Then add the eggs, well beaten with four taliiespoon-
fuls of powdered sugar, and let the whole boll up once
or twice, stirring it briskly, and it is done. Flavour with
lemon, or to your taste.

Ice Cream. — Omitting tlie butter and salt, the
above preparation makes an Ice (ream, constituting
one of the most exquisite delicacies imaginable.

For /noilliilK ami Di/HpeptivK. — Dissolve the Maiz-
ena thoroughly in cold water. Tlien add boiling wa-
ter and boil from three to five minutes and pour into
moulds to cool, or eat warm, flavored wltli brandy
or wine. A delicious jelly may be made by adding a

For infants,

WH. DTJSTEA, General Agent, Ko. 166 Fulton wureet, New York.

Bntered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1859, by Alkxander Harthii.l, in the Clerk's Office
of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York,

can be
required

\lien we

mtritlve
lis.

lu-licleof
a^ well
richest

liking of

table-

or three

piece of

add the

he milk.

ilespoon-

lup once

k'our with

salt, the
stituting
able,
the Man-
ning wa-
loiir Into

brandy
adding a

infants,

York.

's Office

CLOjSlO JJO) TSJL'ETIL'LMl
L. M'INTOSH,

^Importer and Manufacturer
? CLOAKS AND MANTILLAS,

^ 497 BROADWAY, NEW YORK.

Always on hand a seasonable and complete assortment of the above articles.

The Trade Supplied on liberal Terms.

ttoWi^a liiioVHi

of every
descrip-
tion
requires
No Ph.
rheie
Seal e>
have
olwayfi
taken
First
OlasB
Preml-
iims
irherev-
er they
have
lieener-
blblted
Seven
First
Class
Pienil

fciOALESii I

WritafhrPriMUatanl

FRANK K. HOWE,
Box4Me,
N«w York Poit OOe*.

were taken within CO days during last >
, summer over all other competltota, claim- .
Ing Six Points of Improvement. CaUand
examine a Rail Road Track and Mining/

■""VScale, a 4 Ton Hay, Coal and Cattle
and a 6 Ton Depot Scale, which are
'up on the floor of the Store, and which
J be token apart and set up In n few '
'minutes, to convince the purchaser of their
'simplicity and wonderfbl accuracy.

JJOWEr"Jr.Maker. B randon, Vt. I
I ERAHK fTgOWE. 101 Broadway,

" VKKMONT STATE FAIR."

" VIRGINIA STATE FAIR."

' " NEW YORK STATE FAIK."

" UNITED STATES FAIR."

" FRANKLIN INSTITUTE FAIR."

" VIRGINIA AGRICULTURAL PAIR."

First Class Premiums were taken last summer at
each of the above Fairn after severe tests of these
Scales.

It may not be out of place here to state, that It
has been our aim to place ourselves in competition
with other scales as much as possible. We spent
last summer in visiting a few of the Fairs, which
are known to be the best authority, In different
States, thus to test the superiority of our Scales. It
is very gratifying here to stale, that In every In-
stance where we liave exhibited, we have received
the Fti-st Class Premiums.

JOHN HOWE, Jk., Brandon, Vermont.

FHANK E. HOWE, 191 Broadway,

Cor. Dey St., (upstairs,) New York.

Every Scale Warranted.

THOMAS H. BATE,

Manufacturer of

NEEDLES.
Fish Hooks,

And every variety if

Fishing Tackle.

Manufacturer of

NEEDLES,
Fish Hooks,

And every variety of

Fishing Tackle. '
7 li¥ARREM STREET, I^EIV YORK.

PATENTEE OF THE IMPROVED SERPENTINE SPINNER — THE BEST TROLLING
' BAIT IN USE.'

JOSEPH CILLOTT'8
Steel Pens.

THE MANUFACTUBERS* BRANCH HOUSE,

91 »Joh.n Street, N'e-w York, »;

la AT ALL TIIIES »'ULLY rtUPPLIKD WITH A UKNKKAL AHHOKTMUNT OF THOSE

POPULAR PENS.

FOR bALK TO THE TRADE, AND MAY DR HAD OF ALL HTAIIONKHH.

CHEMIST, PERFUMERY FACTOR,

609 Broadway, New York.

CMAray'i Zstraet of Elder
JTlowen fbr Improving and
Prawning fbe Comptoxlon.

The sweetest and most per-
fect beautifier in Naiurc.

It rcmores i'"eckles, Tan,
Sun-Burns, alsf Brown Spots
on the face aud vrms.

It is is also found very ben-
eficial for bathing chapped or
irritated skin, as it possesses
both tonic and cooling, us
well as clearing, properties
most valuable, and imparting
healthiness to the akin. That
portion of the travelling pub-
lic who have used it', find
Godfrey's Extract of Elder
Flowers, extremely beneficial,
and a necessarv addition to
their hygienic Toilet .ippend-
ages.
Prle." One Oollar iwr Iktlllt- .

KliKrmI iwciinllim lo ActCuliyrtt i

^ift SEW PBjij^

DistlUaf>. of Wild Flowprs
from the ?otomao Sales.

R r-'U^U'^ OMBMIST",
609 Broadway. N. 7.
Sonlh«ni'Di«trlcr(.f N<iw YorlT."""

Dupuy'i Ck>corioine.

A newbair-drcssing lustrol
fluid, for embellishing the
Hair, and promoting its
healthy growth, suppleness
and gloss.

The nutritious property of
purified Cocoa Nut and Ricine
Oils, in combination with ap-
propriate ingredients, under
the name of Cocoricine, is
justly estimated the most effi-
cient beautifier of the Hair.

IN LASOB BOTTLES,

At 30 and SO cenU each,

fliS and (15 per dosen.

D U P U Y ' S

New liquid Bouquets and Standard Fexiumes of

exquisite Fragrance,

A neatParhtge of^ Bottle* for $2 ; hirge»t size, j|4 ; Singh Bottles, 75(j. and $1.50 e<r..

Perfect Gem, Washlagtoi N a y egay, BlMmt VernoD Bouquet.

Klm-me-Qulck.
Jockey Club.
Bouquet <)e Caroline.
Early Ppring Flowers.
Sweet Briar.
Rose (Ics Alpesi.

Heliotrope.
Koae Qeranium.
Patchouly.
Frangipauiii.
M'est Knd.
Millefleurv.

Mignonette.

Sweet Clover. Kondelltia. Water Lily.

MoiB Boae. Eia. Bouquet. CryHnnthemum.

New Mown Hay. WUd Apple Blostom. S.^ndal Wood.

Cape Jasmin. Sweet Pea. Tuberose.

Lemon Verbena. Musk Roue. Mareehale.

Musk. Wood VI let. Orange Blosiom.
Orape Vino Blouor.i.

Ferfv-sed Sacs, 50 cents each. Fine Toilet Soaps, SO cents each.

Superfine Rice Powder, plain aud scented, for chafed or heated skin. Saponaceous Tooth
Powder, Eau Angelique for the Teeth and Gums. Pestach'o Nut '^*il, Pestachio Nut Meal, Pesta-
chio Nut Skin and Complexion Powder.

ROS

'.W

THE

H I ■■,

EIVEH ST. LAWRENCE,

IN ONE PANORAMIC VIEW,

im\ Hicipnt |^;ilb to (Jjucbrt,

TOOBTHBB WITH DESCRIPTIONS \ND ILLUSTRATIONS OF

THE THOUSAND ISLANDS, CITIES IN CANADA,

LAKES, RAPIDS, RIVERS, AND FALLS, AND OTHER OBJECTS AND
PLACES OF INTEREST.

WflTM [Ni(yB^[ii^©y!

iv:i[^A^aff^i

KEW YORK:
ALEX. HARTHILL, 20 NORTH WILLIAM STREET.

ROSS A TOUSEY; H. DEXTER & CO.; IIENDRICKSON, BLAKE & LONG.

TORONTO:— McLEAR & CO. MONTREAL :—B. DAWSON & SON.

And ifold by all Bookaellers and Newnmen,

ii^]j

CONTENTS.

PAns

Alexandria '-i''

Abrahuni, I'laini of 40

Uutinciiii 8t5

HIack Kiver '2i

Uruckvillo '■i7

Ui'uuhurnuis '<y^

Uowinunville '■i'.i

CuHCude Hupidg '!2

Cuteau dii lioc Uuuidit !il

C'edur U.ipids 31

Cupe Viucuut 2'i

CitDourn Td

ColboriH' 2.1

Corn wall 31

Charlotte, Port U2

Cauglinawauga 82

Clayton 25

Carthago 28

Cape Eternite 5f>

Cape Trinite S^

Duck Island 23

Descent of the Rapids '2H

Falls of Niagara r>

FalU of Uenesee 22

Great Sodus Buy 28

Genesee River 22

Hamilton, C. W 69

Kingston, C. W 24, 67

London, 0. W 70

LewiHton 21

Lachine Rapids 84

Long Suult Rapids 28

Longueil 85

Little Sodus Ray 23

Lake Ontario 21

Lake St. Francis 81

Lake St. Louis 82

Lake St. Peters 35

Lake of Thousand Islands 25

Lachine 32

Lake St. Charles 41

Morristown 27

Montreal 35, 43

Montreal to Ottawa 49

Montreal to Quebec 35

Montniorenci Fulls 57

New Liverpool 86

Niagara Falls 5

Ogdeuaburg 27

PAOI

Ottawa. 68

Ottawa River 50

Ottawa Locks til

Oshawa 2^

Oswego 28

Ontario Luke 21

Points of Interest, Niagara

Port Hope 22

Port Charlotte 22

Port Genesee 22

Prescott 27

IjueeuHtown 21

tiucl.ec 87

River Ottuwa .' 60

Rivor Richelieu 86

River St. Maurice 86

River Suguenay 55

River Genesee 22

River St. Lawrence 21

River St. Charles 41

Route down the Rapids 28

Route down the St. Lawrence 21

Rochester 22

Rapids, Plutte 28

Rupids, Cascade 82

Rujtids, Cedar 81

Rapids, Gallop 28

Rujiids, Lachine 84

Rapids, Long Sault 28

Rapids, Coteuu 81

Richelieu River 85

Sodus Point 28

St. Regis 31

Sorel or William Henry 35

St, Lawrence River 21

St. Peter's Lake 85

St. Louis Lake 32

St. Francis Lake 31

St. Charles Lake 41

St. Maurice River 36

Suekett's Harbour 24

Thousand Islands, Lake 25

Three Rivers 36

Toronto 22, 63

Victoria Bridge 46

Wolf's Cove 86

Whitby, C. W 22

Wolfe and Montcalm's Monument 8ft

Youngstown

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE

Chart of Niagara 5

Chart of St. Lawrence 5

Rafts going down the Rupids 33

Steamer descending the Rapids 30

" Shooting the Long Sault Rapids. . 29

The Thousand Islands 26

CITIBS IN CANADA, ETC.

London 71

Hamilton 69

Toronto 68

" Crown Lands Office 68

" St. Lawrence Hall 68

" King street 64

" Yon ge street 64

" Model Schools 65

Illustrated Time Indicator

PAOI

Toronto Trinity College 66

" University 66

Kingston 67

Ottawa, Lower Town 59

" Upper Town 60

" Locks on Canal 62

Montreal, The City, two Views 44

Beaver Hall 47

" Place d' Arines 47

" Bonsecour's Market 47

" Great St. James street 47

Victoria Tubular Bridge ... 46

Quebec, from Point Levi 87

" from the Citadel 38

" Wolfe and Montcalm's Monument. 89

" Montmorenci Falls 57

PAOI

.. 68

.. f)0

.. «1

.. 22

.. 2a

.. 21

.. 2'2

.. 22

. . 22

.. 27

.. 21

.. 87

.. 60

.. 8fl

.. 86

.. 65

.. 22

.. 21

.. 41

.. 28

.. 21

.. 22

.. 28

.. 82

.. 81

.. 28

.. 84

.. 28

.. 81

.. 85

. . 23

.. 31

. . 35

.. 21

.. 85

.. 82

.. 31

.. 41

.. 86

.. 24

. . 25

. . 36

22, 63

.. 46

.. 86

.. 22

.. 89

••\

PA.N^ORA.M^

OF THH

RIVER ST. LAWRENCE,

FROM

NIAGARA FALLS TO QUEBEC.

PAOB

. 65

. 66

. 67

. 59

. 60

. 62

, 44

. 47

. 46

. 37

. 88

i. 39

. 57

T H K 1» A 11 A a O N

SELF-GENERATING

HAND GAS-LIGHT BUENER,

BUTLER, HOSFORD & CO., Proprietors.

171 Broadway, New York,

1 Courtlandt Street, New York, and

2 Court Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

TliU valiial)lo patent,
portnble, self-generating
(iu9 Hurner, is offered to
tlie public, In full conti-
dence of its positive supe-
riority over every otlier
iiANO-LionTin existence.for
Simplicity, Hakcty, ond
Economy, producing a

Brilliant Gas Light,

requiring no trimming, or
other attention, except
simply til li« lump

with good burning fluid,
one quart of the fluid con-
verted into gas in the
Burner, giving a fl'll,
BROAD nnd CLEAR flaiue
eigliteen hour*.

This light, uliicli is equal
to tliut from eight ordinary
wick tubes, is under
complete control, being re-
duced by a simple process,
from a full blaze to a small
one, and as quickly restored
to its full capacity, and at

ONE-THIED THE COST.

It is a<linirubly adapted
for lighting churches, dwel-
lings, lecture-rooms, halls,
shops, steand)outs, and rail
road cars, or wherever a
good light is desired.

Parties desirous of secu-
ring the right of territory
for a valuable orticle that
« ill conuiieiid itself, should
make early application, on-
ly to tliu above address.

Applied to nil styles of Oil, Kerosene, Camphene, and Burning Fluid Lamps, also with founts and on
pressure to all kinds of Gas Fixtures, making Its own gas In the burner as fast as required from Durnlng
Fluid. By a simple screw It Is Instantly reduced from a full blaze to a small one, ami as quickly restored.
Always ready and In order. Goods forwarded to all parts of the United States, by express. Payable, Cash
on delivery. Send your orderg as above.

COMBIIVES
Simplicity^

Safety,
Economy.

DEVOID OF

Smell,
Smoke,

Flicker.

Givinir a

STEADY ,

CHEAP,

AND

BRILLIANT
GAHLKillT,

ni A»T Address, 2 Court St., Brooklyx,
Temperalufe. Post-Office Box, Z20.

N.Y.

ROUTE DOWN TUE ST. LAWRENCE.

TRIP DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE.

FROM MIAOAKA rAU.H TO MONTKKAI. AND QUEBEC,

Via the Lakes and Iinpid$.

Whllut otlior touH, In (llfTiTi'nt pnrts of tlic I'liltod Stfltt's nnd ranndn, hnvo tlioir nttrnc-
tlons — |>artioulnrly, Ky mllroail — iiml nviiully iirt'itont •uffloU-iit iiiduceiiR'nts for «
TUlt from tlio totirUt; none, we believe, prent-ntH no great i» viiriety «»f scenery — and tliotof
the finest clinritctcr, acconipiuiii'd by coniforlublr louoinotion nnd n few exciting incident*
on tiie way — as are to l)C met witli on tlie trip from Niagara to ^b>ntreal and (jiieix-c via
Lake Ontario — down tiio Uapids of the nol)leSt. Ijiwrenee — tlirougli tlie Thousand Islands,
and tlie various other lakes, canals, etc, on the route.

This route may be taken either by steamer all the way from Lewiston or Niagara, or
from there to Toronto, Kingston, Cape Vincent, or any of the other points of stoppage
on the river hereafter stated; after visiting wliich, the tourist, can embark on board the
steamer again at any of the stopping places, and proceed on his journey.

To render this trip as intelligible as possible, wo prtipose placing the names of each
place of interest, on both sides of the river, in such order that tlio stranger will at once
be able to know on which side each town is situated. This will be seen at once by mak-
ing a division in the page, representing the channel of the river, with the towns, nipids,
lakes and catiuls placed in their relative positions ; so tliat, with the distances and routes
given elsewhere, we hope to render such infornuition as will be useful and interesting to
the reader. We shall take Lewiston as the starting point.

ROUTE FROM LEWISTON (NIAGARA) TO QUEBEC.

TOWNS AND STOPPING-PLACES.

CANADIAN, OR NORTH DANK OF RIVKR.

QuEENSTOWN, a village situated nearly
opposite to Lewiston. Its chief objects
of attraction are the handsome Sus-
pension Bridge, with Brock's Monument,
situated on the heights, from which a most
maguiiiceiit view of the lake and the sur-
rounding country is obtained.

AMERICAN, OR SOUTH DANK Or RfVER,

Lewiston is the point from which the
steamer starts — being at the head of river
navigation — about 7 miles from Niagara
Falls, and t miles from the mouth of the
river, whence it falls into the lake. The
Buffalo, Niagara Falls and Lewiston Rail-
road terminates at this place.

LAKE ONTARIO.

This is the smallest and most easterly of the five great lakes which communicate with
the St. I^awrence, and divides the State of New York from Canada, on f'c north. It is
190 miles long, and its greatest breadth 55 miles. Its greatest depth is fiOO feet, and it is
navigable in every part for the largest-sized ships. It is never entirely closed with ice,
and rarely freezes, even in the coldest weather, except in shallow places along the shore.
In summer time, a sail upon this lake is <1elightfnl, especially to the angler, who, if he
chooses to cast his lines into its usually placid waters, will find no dearth of fish, which
abound here in great variety. On either side of the lake are seen numerous towns and
villages, several of which are of considerable business importance. We append brief
notices of the most noted of these places.

CANADIAN SIDE.

In proceeding along the north, or Cana-
dian, side of the lake, the first point
touched is

AMERICAN SIDE.

The first stopping-place on the Ameri-
can, or south, side of the Lake is

Younostown, 6 miles below, and 1 mile

KOUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE.

Toronto, the sccdikI iiKut important
city in Canada. Tliis city presents a mucli
finer appearance from the lake than wlien
approaelied by railway. Toronto boasts
of a large number of fine buildings and
elegant churches, as well as of extensive
and tasteful blocks of business stores; and
the beauty of their appearance is much
enhanced by the large number of trees,
and the quantity of shrubbery that adorns
many of its streets. King street, its prin-
cipal thoroughfare, is two miles long, and
is lined on both sides with handsome
stores and public buildings.

Leaving Toronto, the first town of any
particular not", on the Canadian side, is

Port Wiirret, 29 miles below. This is
the chief town in Ontario County, and
contains near 4,000 inhabitants. It is a
station on the Grand Trunk Railway, and
is a stopping-place for steamers from Tor-
onto to Rochester, etc.

OsHAWA, 4 miles below, is a fine town of
3,000 inhabitants, on the Grand Trunk
Railroad, and communicating with the in-
terior towns by lines of stages. A great
quantity of flour is shipped from here.

BowMANviLLE, 10 miles below, lies a
little back of the lake, to which it is con-
nected by Darlington Harbour. In 1850,
the place was incorporated a village, since
which period its growth has been very
rapid. The town has excellent water
power within and around it The cor.ntry
around is unsurpassed for fertility and
salubrity by any in Canada. It has a
population of about 5,000.

Port Hope is about 20 miles below
Bowmanville, and, like it, is a station on
the Grand Trunk Railroad. It is pIso con-
nected by railway with Lindsay, 40 miles,
and with Peterborough, 29 miles distant.
Steamers also ply between this place and
several towns lying north, on Lake Stur-
geon. Port Hope is built on an acclivity,
the summit if which is capped with beach
and pine, and clothed with villas, embow-
ered among the trees. The principal
street runs from the harbour to the top of
the hill, and is lined with elegant stores,
beautiful dwellings and commodious ho-
tels. The Town Hall and Montreal Bank
form prominent objects to a spectator
placed upon the quay. And the graceful

P4
o

O
■A

<
a

above, old Fort Niagara, at the mouth of
the river, and which possesses a fine na-
tural harbour, open at all seasons of the
year. The river is here about iialf a mile
in width, across which a ferry plies to the
village of Niagara, on the Canadian side.

Fort Niagara. — In passing into the lake,
this old relic of former times is especially
noticeable. As early as 1679, this spot
was inclosed by La Salle, the explorer of
the Mississippi. In 1726, a pallisade fort
was constructed by the French. In 1759 >
it was taken by the British, who, in 1796»
gave it into the hands of the Americans.
In 1813, it was taken again by the British,
and recaptured by the Americans in 1816.
There is no doubt that the dungeons of this
old fort have been the scenes of horrible
BulTering and of crime, from the times of
the old Indian and French wars, up to the
days of the Revolution. In its close and
impregnable dungeons, the light of day
never shone ; and here, doubtless, many a
poor prisoner has been compelled to un-
dergo the "torture," in addition to his
other nameless sufferings.

As, after entering the lake, no place ol
much importance is reached for some
hours, the tourist should embrace this
opportunity of getting a good view of the
scenes he is about leaving. On a clear
day, a fine view is presented of Brock's
Monument, and the grand heights of
Queenstown, 9 or 10 miles distant, which
rise nearly 500 feet above the waters of
the lake.

After passing several small settlements,
we reach • "s:

Charlotte, or Port Genesee, at the
mouth of the River Genesee, port of entry
for Rochester, 7 miles distant, and 87 miles
from Niagar?*. This town possesses a safe
harbour, being protected by two long
piers, on one of which is located a light-
house. A number of steamers run daily
from here to several of the principal places
on both sides of the lake.

The Falls of Genesee. — ^These beautiful
falls, second only to Niagara, are objects
worthy of notice. The banks of the Gene-
see, just above Charlotte, rise from 60 to
150 feet in height. The river is naviga-
ble as far as Carthage, which may be
called a suburb of Rochester. From this

ROUTE DOWN TUE ST. LAWltENCE.

mouth of
I fine iia-
)ii9 of the
iilf a mile
lies to the
lian side.
9 the Inke,
especially

this spot
tplorer of
lisnde fort

In 1769,
), in 1796'
Lmericana.
le British,
us in 1815.
ons of this
)f horrible
16 times of
, up to the
i close and
ht of day
as, many a
lied to un-
ion to his

place ol
for some

race this
iew of the
)n a clear
jf Brock's
eights of
uit, which
waters of

ttlementf^

E, at the
rt of entry
d 87 miles
!sse8 a safe
two long
d a lii;ht-
run daily
pal placjs

e beautiful
re objects
the Gene-
Vom 61) to
is naviga-

1 may be
From this

curve of the viaduct, resting on piera of
solid masonry, over which the (irand
Trunk Railwuj' is carried, tends to enhance
the pieturt'squeness of the view. The
town is surrounded by a rich agricultural
district, diver^tiod by hill and dale, wood
and t-treaiii ; I lie evidence of which is the
number of wagons — crauuued with quar-
ters of fat beef, nmtton and pork, turkeys,
chickens, eggs butter, vegetables and
fish — lo be seen o.-owding the Town Hall
Square on Saturdays.

The lumber trade carried on at this
port i* also very extensive. Population
about S.tiHO.

CoBimo, 8 miles below Port Hope, is the
terminus of the Cobiirg and Peterborough
llailroad. It has a good harbour, and
does an extensive shipping business with
Rochester, and other cities on the opposite
side of the lake. Victoria College, estab-
lished by act of the Provincial Legislature,
in 1842, is in this town. It also contains
the moat extensive cloth manufactories in
the Province. There are also iron, marble
and leather manufactories, with a number
of breweries and distilleries, 9 good hotels,
and 60 or 70 substantial stores. Popula-
tion about 6,000.

CoLBOKKE, 14 miles below Coburg, is a
flourisliing town, having a fine back coun-
try, whose produce finds quick sales in
its markets. It has a good landing for
steamers, many of which touch here on
their passages up and down the lake.

A good business is done in this town in
curing white-tish and salrnon-ti'out, which
abound in the lake, and are tal.en in great
quantities. A stage-route is ostiiblished
between this place and Norwood, 32 miles
distance. Fare, $2.

Leaving Colborne, the steamer soon
reaches the widest part of the lake, and,
running a distance of some 25 miles,
passes Nicholmt Point and Maud, Wicked
Point, and Point Peter, on the latter of
which is a fine light-house. This light is
a conspicuous object to mariners, who,
when off Prince Edward's, the main-land,
experience the full force of easterly and
westerly winds.

DtoK Island, which is attached to Can-
ada, is another noted object for the mari-
ner, either ascending or descending the

O
Izi
W
(A

o
w

place, to Rochester proper, there are a suc-
cession of falls and rapids, some of the
former being very grand and imposing^
The falls at Carthage are 76 feet, one a
little further up is 20 feet, and the great
falls — within the city, a few feet from the
Central Railroad Bridge — is 96 feet. It
was at these latter falls that the once fa-
mous 8am Patch made his last leap, by
which he lost his life, lie commenced his
singular caietr by plunging from the Paw-
tucket Falls, in Rhode Island, and after-
wards continued to jump from all the high
bridges, and other elevated points in the
country, including Niagara, without meet-
ing an accident. It is supposed that he
was intoxicated at the time he made his
last jump, and hence lost his balance dur-
ing his descent, and struck the water hori-
zontally, which must have knocked the
breath entirely out of his body, as he was
not seen to rise after striking the water,
although 10,000 spectators were anxiously
looking for his appearance. His dead body
was found some miles below the falls.

Further up the river, near the town of
Portage, N. Y., there are three beautiful
falls, respectively, 60, 90 and 110 feet, all
within the space of 2 miles, each differing
in character, and each having peculiar
attractions. But more wonderful, than
the falls, are the stupendous walls of the
river, which rise almost perpendicularly,
to a height of 400 feet, and extend
along the stream, for 3 miles, with almost
as much regularity and symmetry as if
constructed by art.

Leaving the mouth of the Genesee, the
steamer passes the small tt)wn of Pultney-
ville, and some other lesser settlements,
and reaches the mouth of

Great Sonus Bay, which is 5 miles long
and 3 miles in breadth, and makes an ex-
cellent, safe harbour, the entrance of which
is protected by substantial piers, built by
the United States.

SoDus Point is a small town, and port
of entry, situated at the mouth of Sodua
Bay.

Little Sonus Bay, 14 miles below Great
Sodus, is another good anchorage ground,
for vessels to ride, in times of severe
weather.

OswEoo is on both sides of Oswego

IIOUTK DOWN THE ST. LAWltENCE.

•5^^

.'iK?^^•

lake, as it is Uie first important island met,
in tlie passage from the head of the lake,
on the Canada side. In former years,
immense quantities of wild difiks gatliered
upon this iT'liind, and hence its name.

Amiieust Island, also belonging to Can-
ada, lies a little further on. It is a large
body of very fertile land, which is under
a good state of cultivation. Beyond this
island, we come to the end of the lake,
and soon enter the mouth of the St. Law-
rence River. We now pass two islands —
Gage and Wolf—vi\\\c\\ are the first of
that ubtonialiing group known as the
" Tliousand Islands." We next come to

Kingston, 'vjiich is probably the finest-
looking city in Canada, although not do-
ing a business equal to Montreal or To-
ronto. A tourist, speaking of this city,
says:

" The view of the city and surrounding
scenery is not surpassed by the approaclies
to any other city in America. A few miles
above Kingston, the waters of Lake Onta-
rio are divided by the first of the long se-
ries of islands so well known to tourists
as the ' Tliousand Islands,' of which Sim-
coe and Grand, or Wolfe Islands, opposite
the city, may be looked upon as strong-
holds designed by nature to withstand the
encroaches of the waves of Ontario. On
approaching from the west, by water, the
first object that attracts the traveller's at-
tention is Fort Henry, with the naval sta-
tion of Fort Frederick at its base, and its
attendant battlements, fortifications, tow-
ers and redoubts."

FoET Henky is a favourite resort for vis-
itors, and its elevated position atfords the
best view that can be hnd of the city,
lake and surrounding country.

The principal public buildings are the
City Hall, Court-House, Roman Catholic
Cathedral, Queen's College, Roman Catho-
lic College, General Hospital, Penitentia-
ry, 16 or 18 fine churches, banking-
houses, etc. The City Hall is one of the
finest edifices in Canada, built of cut lime-
stone, at an expense of near $100,000. It
has a spacious hall, holding over 1,000
persons. There are 20 steamers, and
J■^»bout 50 sailing vessels, owned here;
and these, besides other Canadian and

T.';- American craft, are mostly occupied in

W
W
H

River, at its entrunce into Lake Ontario
and is the largest and most active city on
the lake. There are from 16 to 20 flour,
ing-inills, making over 10,000 barrels of
flour per day when in operation, and
about a dozen elevators, with storage-
room for 2,000,000 bushels of grain. It is
handsomely built, with streets 100 feet
wide, crossing each other at right angles.
The river divides the city into nearly two
equal parts, which are connected by two
bridges, above ship navigation.

The number of vessels which arrive and
depart from this port is very large. It is
estimated that one-half of tiie entire trade
of Canada with the United States is car-
ried on with Oswego. A railroad, 36
miles in length, connects Oswego with
Syracuse. The Oswego Canal also con-
nects at Sj'racuse with the Erie Canal.
Oswego ranks as one of the greatest grain
markets in the world, being second on this
continent only to Chicago. From her po-
sition, she must continue to hold her ad-
vantage, and, in spile of all rivalry, will
always command the greatest portion of
Canadian trade. The population of Os-
wego is about 20,000.

Leaving Oswego, we pass Mexico Bay,
into which empties

Salmon River, at the mouth of which is
a small town, called Port Ontario. Salmon
River Falls are classed among the greatest
natural curiosities of the country. The
current of the river is disturbed, about 6
miles from its mouth, by 2 miles of rapids,
which terminate in a fall of 107 feet. At
high water, the sheet is 250 feet in width,
but, at low water, is narrowed to about
half that extent. At the foot of the falls
the water is very deep, and abounds in
fine fi>'h, such as salmon, trout and bass.

Sackot's Harbour, 45 miles north of
Oswego, possesses one of the most secure
harbours on the lake. During the war of
1812, with England, it was used as the
rendezvous of the American fleet on Lake
Ontario. A large war-vessel, commenced
at that time, still remains here under cover.
Madison Barracks, garrisoned by United
States troops, is situated nor the landing.

Black River, just beyond, is 120 miles
long, but its navigation is much impeded
by a succession of rapids and falls. It

., *■

KOUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE,

which 18
Salmon
greatest
y. The
about 6

of rapids,

feet. At
n width,

to about
the falls

)ound8 in
d bass,
north of

ist secure
e war of
d as the
on Lake

rnmenced
er cover.
r United
landing,
20 miles
impeded
falls. It

oarrying passengers and produce which
come from inland by the Rideau Canal,
and from the Bay of Quinte, to the differ-
ent ports on the lake.

There are several mineral springs in
Kingston, which have attained some ce-
lebrity for their medical properties. One
of these, situated near the Penitentiary, is
said to resemble the celebrated Chelten-
ham Springs, in England. Another, whose
waters are uuusuoUy strong, and, by ana-
lyzation, have been found to contAin val-
uable medical virtues, has been likened
to the Artesian Well at St. Catherine's.

H
OQ

gives, however, great water power, and
its banks are covered with prosperous
towns and villages.

Chaumont Bay, just above Black River,
abounds in a variety of fine fish, large
quantities of which are taken by estab-
lished fisheries.

Cape St. Vincent is nearly opposite
Grand or Wolf Islond, and is the northern
terminus of the Watertown and Rome
Railroad. In the warm months, this place
is much resorted to by fishing and pleasure
parties, being contiguous to the " Thou-
sand Islands."

tit'ir

THE THOUSAND ISLANDS.

These Islands, which have obtained a world-wide celebrity, consist of fully 1800 islands,
of all sizes and shapes — from a few yards long, to several miles in length ; some, presenting
little or nothing but bare masses of rock, whilst others are so thickly wooded over, that
nothing but the most gorgeous green foliage (in summer) is to be seen; whilst, in autumn,
the leaves present colours of different hues of light crimson, yellow, purple and other
colours scarcely imoginable, and yet most difficult to describe.

The tourist who is fond of practising the " gentle art," will find any quantity he is able
and willing to fish for — the river abounding in fish of the most marvellous quantity and
size. The anglei^will find plenty of excellent accommodation at Clayton or Alexandria
Bay, with boats, etc. To enjoy a day or two amongst the Thousand Islands to the most
advantage, is for the tourist to take up his quarters for a few days at either of these places,
and sail amongst the islands with a row-boat. The tourist who is acquainted with the islands
on " Lomond's Silver Loch," oppoate Luss, in the Highlands of Scotland, will have some
idea of what the Thousand Islands are — only that the latter extend fully 50 miles
along tlie channel of the St. Lawrence, with some of the islands of much larger dimen-
sions than tliose either on Loch Lomond or Loch Katrine. Names are given to some of the
islands, whilst several have light-houses erected upon them.

With these remarks, we will now proceed, as if on board the American steamer,
down the American channel, through them — there being one channel for the Canadian
Company's boats, and another for the American Company's.

Leaving Kingston, the tourist in the Ca-
nadian Company's steamer will proceed on
for six miles, and enter the regions of the
Thousand Islands. For a description of
the scenery of the route, we quote from a
writer who thus describes it :

" These islands appear so thickly stud-
ded, that the appearance to the spectator,
on approaching them, is as if the vessel
steered her course towards the head of a
landlocked bay which barred all further
progress. Coming nearer, a small break in
the line of shore opens up, and he enters
between what he now discovers to be
islands, and islands which are innumera-
ble. Now, he sails in a wide channel be-

O
►J

Leaving Cape Vincent, the steamer now
proceeds towards the islands, and, after
winding her course amongst them for
about twenty miles, reaches the stopping-
place called

Clayton, a small, well-built village,
from which a considerable lumber trade
is carried on, several rafts of which may
probably be seen in French Creek, close
at hand, ready for being " run " down the
St. Lawrence to Montreal or Quebec. Sev-
eral of the finest steamers which navigate
the St. Lawrence were built here.

Alexandria Bay, 12 miles from Clayton,
is soon reached — in approaching which,
the tourist will admire the exquisite

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...A'

ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE.

twoen more (liiitniitslioros; nirnin.lie enters
into a Kti'iiit oo iiuri'ow tliat tin- Inrge pml-
(lle-li'ixes of the steiimer iilinost sweep the
fdliage, (•n either side, as she pursues lier
devious course; Now, the ishinds nre niilea
ill eireunifipeiiee ; unci iii;iiiii,hf |ii\ssessome
wliieli lire Very Miiiill, xliuded hy a single
liny tree oc'iipyim; the hnndfui of earth
wliieh represents tlie 'dry land.' On all,
the trees grow to tiie water's edge, and
dip their outer lii'iiiielies in the clear blue
lake. Sometimes the miraf/e throws its
air of enchantment on the whide, and the
more distiint i^lMnds seem floating in mid-
heavei; — mdy descending into the lake as
a nearer approacb dispels the illusion, and
when til'- rushing steamer breaks the fair
surface of tiie water in which all this love-
liness is reflected, as in a mirror."

UiiocKviLLE (Canada West) is the county
town for the united counties of Leeds and
(ireiiville. A steamer plies to Xorristown,
on tlie American side. All the American
as Well as Canadian steamers touch here.
The tourist cannot fail to admire the fine
location of Broek%lle, and its numerous
Instefiilly laid out gardens, stretching
down to the river's edge, as well as some
neat built villas on the banks. Named
after Gen. Brock, whose monument, at
(^ueenstown Heights, commemorates his
full in battle there in 1812. Distant from
Kingston 48 miles by rail, and ^lontreal
125 miles. The steamer, after leaving
Brockville, proceeds for 12 miles, and
reaches the town of

I'nKscorr, which is situated almost im-
mediately op[i(isite to Ogdensburg. At
Prescott, both lines of steamers touch.
From there, branches off the railroail to
Ottawa Crrv — the future capital of Cana-
da — a visit to which will well repay the
tourist 55 miles to Ottawa per railroad.
Considerable amount of business is done
with Ogdensburg, opposite, to and from
which plies two ferry steamers. Popula-
tion about 4,000. 113 miles from Mon-
treal bj- rail.

One mile below Prescott is " Windmill
Point," being the ruins of on old wind-
mill, where, in 1837, the Canadian pa-
triots, under a Polish exile named Von
Shultz, established their headquarters,
but were subsequently driven from it, with
great loss.

W
W

W
H

Ed
O

^A
W

scenery which now opens up to view on
every turn which the steomer takes. From
Alexiiiidria Bay, some of the finest views
of the islands, to our mind, are to be seen ;
whilst from the high jmints near the vil-
lage, upwards of one hundreil of the
islands can be counted in one view. Tlie
situation of Ale.Mindria Bay must always
render it a fiivimrite place with tiic tourist
who deliglits in romantic situations or
good spdit. After steiiining along for
other 22 miles, tlie last, of the Thousand
Islanils is seen, and the steamer touches
on tiie Catiiulian side, at the thriving and
prettily sit\iated town of Broekvile (Cana-
da West).

MoHiusTowN is situated exactly opposite
Brockville, with which it is connected by
steam ferry every half hour, 1 mile dis-
tance.

The American steamer, after leaving
Brockville, proceeds on to

Ogpensburg, now an important link in
the chain of communication between the
United States and Canada, with a rail-
road to Lake Cliamplain, (118 miles off)
and which also connects at House's Point
with the other lines, to Boston and New
York, as well as to Montreal. A consid-
erable trade is done at Ogdensburg,
whilst the situation of the town is one of
the prettiest on the whole route. Settled
by the French in 1748, attacked by the
Mohawk Lidiiins in 1740, and, on the de-
feat of Montcalm at (Quebec, the settlement
was abandoned by the French.

After Ogdensburg, conu's Wad'lington,
opposite to Ogden Island. Thirty miles
further on is Louisville, from which stages
run to Messina Springs, 7 miles distant.

The American steamer proceeds on-
wards to the first rapid in the route,
known by the name of Gallop's Rapids,
succeeded by others of lesser note. (See
Descent of the Ropids.)

Four miles further on is Chimney Island,
on which stands the ruin of an old French
fortification. A short distance from there is

Chrysellek's Farm, where a battle was
fought between the Americans and the
British, in 1813, at the time when the
Americans, under Gen. Wilkinson, were
descending the river to attack Montreal,
but which attempt was afterwards aban*
doned.

ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE.

t ,

DESCENT OF THE RAPIDS.

AT LONG BAULT.

These RnpiJs, universally ullowed to be
the most extensive and the most exciting
to be found on this continent, extend in
continuous lines for u distance of nine
miles — tiie stream being divided near its
centre bj- an island. The channels on
both sides are descended with safety, al-
thouijh steamers usually pass on the south
side, which is a trifle narrower than the
other. The current moves along this chan-
nel with astonishing velocity, drifting rafts
at the rate of 12 or 14 miles an hour, the
waters alone moving at least 20 miles an
hour. It needs not the aid of wind or
steam to descend these swift-sweeping
waters, and hence when vessels enter the
current they shut off steam, and trust to
the guidance of the helm only as they are
borne on their rapid voyage by the force
of the stream alone. Nature presents but
few sights more grand and beautiful than
is presented from the deck of a steamer
when descending- these rapids. The un-
equal movement of the waves, as they
plunge from one eddy to another, causes
the boat to rise and fall with a motion not
unlike that experienced on the ocean after
a gale of wind has disturbed its bosom.
Tlie constant roar of the waters as they
dash and leap along their furious course,
filling the atmosphere with misty foam ;
the wild and tunmltuous force with which
■wave struggles with wave to reach the
depths below ; the whirlings of the yawn-
ing eddies, that seem strong and angry
enough to engulph any and every thing
that ventures within their embrace, and
the ever-changing features, form and
course of the writhing, restless stream, all
unite in presenting a scene of surpassing
grandeur.

The navigation of these rapids, althougli
generally conducted with entire safety,
requires, nevertheless, great nerve, force
and presence of mind on the part of the
pilots — generally Indians — who essay to
guide the staggering steamer on its course.
It is imperative that the vessel should keep
her head straight with the stream, for if
she diverges in the leost, so as to present
her side to the current, she would be in-

K
en

ROUTE FROM PRESCOTT.

DOWN TIIE RAPIDS.

The steamer, after leaving Prescott,
proceeds, passing, on its \vay, between
Chimney Island and Drummwnd's Island
— now steering for Tick Island, thence
northwest round the western end of Isle
aux Galops, and by Fraser's Islond to
a point opjiosite Lock 27 of the caiuil,
which extends from the beginning of the
Gallop Rapids to Point Iroquois and rap-
ids. Instead of passing through tnat canal,
however, the steamer proceeds down the
Gallop Rapids.

GALLOP RAPIDS.

In sailing down these rapids, the steam-
er passes on its way Isle aux Galops,
and several other small islands in the
channel, onwards to Long Point — pass-
ing down the rapids between Tousson's
Island and the south bank of the river ;
thence on again, and down the Iroquois
Rapids, shortly after passing which we
reach (,)g(len'8 Island, wkh rapids on each
side of it. (At this point the up steamers
ascend via the Rapide Platte Canal, from
Lock 23 to 24.) After ]>assing Ogden's
Island, and several smaller ones, we pass
Goose Neck Island and Crysler's Island,
and proceed on between the two Cat
Islands, the Upper Long Sault — now called
Croyle's Island — and the rapids on the
north-western end of it, at Farren's Point,
where there is a short canal for the up
steamer to pass through.

LONG SAULT RAPIDS. ''
Sailixq down the rapid there, we pass
at some distance Dickenson's Landing,
close to Long Sault Island, and prepare
to what is termed " shoot the Rapids
of the Long Sault" — passing by the
north channel, and downward through
the rapids between Sheek's Island and
Barnhart's Island. After steaming a short
distance, with smooth sailing, we again
reach rapids, being those between the
town of Cornwall and Cornwall Island.
(The up steamers enter in at Lock 15, at
Cornwall, and passing along the canal
with its eight locks, find an exit at Lock
22.) For a description of the passage

'^sH-^OHiktim-r

:OTT.

ig Prescott,
ly, between
wnd'd lalnnd
liuul, thence
en<l of Isle
'a Island to
f the canal,
ining of the
loia and rap-
h tnat canal,
Is down the

Is, the steam-
uux Galops,
ands in the
Point — pass-
en Tousson's
)f the river ;
the Iroquois
g which we
pids on each
up steamers
Canal, from
sing Ogden's
nes, we pass
sler's Island,
le two Cat
— now culled
ipids on the
rren's Point,
1 for the up

'IDS.

lere, we pass
I'a Landing,
and prepare

the Rapids
mg by the
ard through

Island and
raing a short
-we again
between the

wall Island.

Lock 15, at
g the canal

exit at Lock

the passage

■a

ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE.

Rtantly en|t!*ize(l and lost In order to ]>re-
veiit such cntustro|)liu»«, bouts traversing
the rapidrt liave tlieir rudders constructed
in audi a nmnnor that any amount of
power can he brought to bear upon them
at any moment. Not only U the wheel
guided by strongly-wrought, but pliable
chains, which are managed from a position
near the Itows, but a strong tiller is ad-
justed at the stern, which recjuires the aid
of four powerful men, while two are work-
ing at the wheel, to keep the vessel's head
in its proper direction.

The greatest danger attends tlx; ad-
venturous raftsmen, whose skill, cour-
age and physical strength are perhaps not ^
excelled by any similar body of men in ^
the world. But, despite all these advan-
tages, many a raft has been broken, and 1^
many a gallant raftsman's life has been lost ®
upon this remorseless tide of waters.

down the Long Suult Ilapids, ^ee the
opposite colunm on this page. For illus-
tration of the same, see engraving.

St. Kegis is an old Indian village, one
of the historical incidents connected with
which, is a marauding excursion made by
the St. Regis Indians, into Massachusetts,
to recover a bell for their church, which,
having been captured on its way to
Canada from France, was purchased for
the church of Deerlield, Massachusetts —
but retaken from there by the said In-
dians, who claimed it as theirs, and who
murdered, in the dead of night, 47, and
captured 112, of the unsuspecting and in-
nocent citizens of Deerfleld. Il-iving ob-
tained the bell, they carried it, suspended
from a pole, on their shoulders, for 160
miles, and it now hangs in the Catholic
Church of St Regis, built about 160
years ago.

Steamers in their passage up the St Lawrence, when they come to the rapids, pass
round them, by entering the stupendous canals which have been made for the purpose of
enabling them to pass up, as well as down, the river — although it is in the passage down
the river, such as we are now describing, in which all the beauty and enjoyment of the
trip is to be seen and realized. Having passed through the most exciting port of the
whole trip, we now arrive at the town of Cornwall, at the foot of the Long Sault Rapids —
on the Canada side.

Cornwall is the boundary line between the United States and Canada, so that,
after this point, all the points of interest remaining are now within the Britisli pos-
sessions. Here the Cornwall Canal may be seen, 12 miles long, by which vessels pass
up — as already mentioned.

LAKE ST. FRANCIS.

After leaving Cornwall, we proceed on, passing St Regis Island, situated in mid-
channel, until we enter Lake St. Francis, passing between the Squaw's Island and But-
ternut Islands, with lighthouse to the north, in Lancaster Shoal. The steamer now
steers close to the floating light, onwards to Cherry Island Light, and passing McGee's
Point Light, on the main land, (north shore,) aails on towards the Rapids of Coteau du Lao.

COTEAU RAPIDS AND CEDARS RAPIDS.

At the Coteau du Lac Rapids, a cluster
of sixteen islands interrupt the regular
navigation, bat through which the skilful
pilot steers first down the rapid between
the main land and Giron Island, thence
down again between French Island, and
Maple and Thorn Islands, and again be-
tween Prisoner's Island and Broad Island,

O
31

Coteau du Lac " is a small village, situ-
ated at the foot of Lake St Francis. The
name, as well as the style of the buildings,
denotes its French origin. Just below the
illage are the Coteau Rapids."
Cedars Rapids are situated between the
village of Cedars (north shore) and village
of St Timoth6, (south shore,) with 8 or 10

ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE.

ftnd emerging into smooth water along-
side of Urand Inland, until, shortly after,
the Cedars lUpidit are reached.

Ckdauh. — This village iireseiits the same
marks of French origin as Cotenu du Lao.
In the expedition of Gen. Amherst, a do-
tnchinent of throe hundred men, that were
sent to attaeic Montreal, were lo»t in the
rupidii near this place, " The passage
through these rapids is very exciting.
Tliore is a peculiar motion of the vessel,
which, in descending, seems like settling
down, as she glides from one ledge to ano-
ther. In passing the rapids of the Split
Rock, a person, unacquainted with the
navigation uf these rnpids, will almost in-
voluntarily hold his breath until this ledge
of rocks, wliich is distinctly seen from the
deck of the steamer, is passed. At one
time the vessel seems to be running di-
rectly upon it, and you feel certain that
she will strike ; but a skilful hand is at
the helm, and in an instaut more it is
passed in safety."

■mall islands in the channel where th«
rapids arc.

On the south side of the river is lieau-
barnolH.

liuAiJiiAHNOiB " is a small village at the
foot of the Cascades, on the south hank of
the river. (Here up vessels enter the Ueau-
harnois Canal — with nine locks — and pass
around the rapids of the Cascades, Cedars
and Coteau, into TiUke St. Francis, a dis-
tance of 1-1 miles.) On the north hank, a
branch of the Ottawa enters into the St.
Lawrence."

After passing down the ropid« at Ce-
dars, the steamer again enters the smooth
waters of the St. Lawrence, only, how-
ever, to be soon once more broken in upon
by the Cascade liapids.

THE CASCADE RAPIDS AND LAKE ST. LOUIS.

TuK Cascade Rapids are situated between Cascade's Point and Buisson Pointe, in
whicli are situated Mory's Reef, Dog's Reef, Split Rock, Round Island and isle nux
Cascades. On the north side of these rapids, the majestic river Ottawa comes sweeping
along, and round both sides of Isle Perrot, and here joins issue with the St. Lawrence,
in Lake St. Louis. A smooth and pleasant sail of 24 miles along Lake St. Louis will be
enjoyed, until the last rapids of all are readied, viz., Lachine.

The steamboat track proceeds through Lake St. Louis, passing three floating light-
ships and the town of Lachine, on north bank, and Caughnawaga, on south bank of river.

La Chine. — ^Thia village is nine miles
from Montreal, with which it is connected
by railroad. " The La Chine Rapids be-
gin just below the town. The current is
here so swift and wild, that to avoid it a
canal has been cut around these rapids.
This canal is a stupendous work, and re-
flects much credit upon the energy and
enterprise of the people of Montreal.

At La Cliine is the residence of Sir
George Simpson, Governor of the Hud-
son's Bay Company, and of the officers of
this, tlie chief post of that corporation. It
is from this point that the orders from
head-quarters in London are sent to all the
many posts throughout the vast territory
of the company ; and near the end of April

M
O

Caughnawaga. — " This is an Indian vil-
lage, lying on the south bank of the river)
near the entrance of the La Chine Rapids.
It derived its name fi-om the Indians tlmt
had been converted by the Jesuits, who
were called " Caughnawaga»," or " jiraying
Indians." This was probably a misnomer,
for they were distinguished for their pre-
datory incursions upon tlieir neighbours
in the New England pi'ovinces. The
Indians at Caughnawaga suljsist chiefly
by navigating barges and rafu down to
Montreal, and, in winter, by a trade in moc-
casins, snow-shoes, etc. They are mostly
Roman Catholics, and possess an elegant
church,"

Many of the Caughnawaga Indians are

•^-'tia^, >«t«!lti)(«B9tiwfit«iNjidH(U

where th«

^cr \» Huau-

la^e lit the
nth bank of
LTtlu' Uoau-
» — and pass
idi!!*, Ci'Jors
uiiciR, u di»-
ii'tli hunk, a
uto thti 8t.

pid« at Ce-
the smooth
only, liow-
ktiu iu upon

Pointe, in
d Isle nux
8 sweeping

Lawrence,
mis will be

iting liglit-
of river.

fndian vil-

the river>

ine llupids.

diiiiis that

jsnits, who

I'l'ftying

misnomer,

their pre-

leighbours

ces. The

ist chiefly

ii down to

de in moo-

ire mostly

in elegant

"^.

Cfi

idians are

I I

llOUTE DOWN THE ST. L.VWUKNCE.

fiK'li \<Mr a botly of tralnvj myarfeui'* Mt
uiii liviiou ill lar^u oiiiiova, calltnl >naitr«»
caiiotn, witli iiiickii^oN mill gomlit fur tlio
varioiM piifttA III tlii- ^^ UiUriivMt. Twu cvii
turiti* a\j;tt, tlio ooniiiuiiioii* uf tliu cxplurer
(!orti»'r, on iirnviiii; licrt', tlioiiL'lit tli«y hml
iJidcov (M'otI u roiito to('liiMik, mill t^xprt-MfJ
their joy ill the oxclaiiiutloii of \a\ Ciiine!
Ilvnou tlie presoiit imiue, ursoat loaiit wtyi
trnilitlou."

to b« met witli on tli« itciiiiifr>«, iiihI in tli«
•treett In tlie citio* of Montiviil, (jiu-livc,
mill ivcn in X<'W Voric, nvlliiii; llu-ir fumy
liLMiil wmk. I'll',

1.1k I'rikirii! l« i>uiiiu Si'vuii iiiilut below
C'mixliimwiii^a, or N'lllngo uf tliu KHpld«,
alK'r wliiili till' Htiuiiitir tuiU on fur a few
iuile», and rvuvlit'* tho City uf Montreal.

LACHINE RAPIDS.

PRinriovs to entering the Lacliine UnpiiU, the tourist inny observe the entrance to the
aqiieOuct of the wnter-works which supplieH Montivnl witli water — 1\ jfigmitie uiiderttiking,
and atfording tlie eitizoim of that city a nevor-fiiilliig, iiiiliinitcil supply of i;iioil tujua.

There are 7 Binall iitlamlH in tliu channel of the Luiehiiie Uapiili*. The strainer luxseA on
between Ulo dii Diable, lt>le an llerun, and Isle Hoket, and after paitsing down the riipidit,
the steamer proceed!* along, passing near to Nun's li^laiid, lulonufiiig to the (ircy Nun-
nery, Montreal, and one of the many Islands wliioh belong, and yield large resourues to,
the nunneries. A slight rapid, named

NoBM.^N Uaiuk, i* «allid through, and, after passing that great inonunient of engineering
skill, the \'ictoiia IJridge, tho steamor lamU her posseugers at the wharf of the city of
Montri.>ul.

^ ?

MONTREAL TO QUKfiKC.

MoNlWJSAL TO QUEBEC.

Tub tourist who it deatrous of f>f/M)eedlnK on hia voyiiKA ut onoo, only itaytn^ until nfict
lit) liuH viMlud the oomnK^rcial capital of (Anada, and vnJoyt>d thu niaKiiitii>*-i)t viow from
the mountain beliind the iVy »f Montreal, or from (»ff the top of the Notre l)nm« In Place
il'Arinen, will find the Quebec utenmer* — conifortaMy titled Up and well appointed — refldy
to «tar( every evening about «ix o'clock, Frt.iU the fact of the steamer* sailing liotli from
Montreal itnd Quebec In the evening, a short tillK? during daylight Is only left fur the trav-
eller t«> sec much of the river and Its I>aiik8 between these two cities. This need hardly 1)1)
regretted, however, so much, as tiio scenery, for the moxt part, is tnme and uidntereftling
— t lie chief attractions l)clng the neat and plcturei«<|ucly-»ituated Freneh-C'iinttdian villagos,
which are sifunted on its banks, here and there, the tin-oovered spires of their churches In
the clear moonlight night — t'u willing of the steamer swiftly down tln» stream, and the
beautiful moonlight on a still HummerV idglit. — all eontrlbute to render such a trip pleasant,
and a change from what is almost nowhere else to be enjoyed in any other trip wiiich can
be taken in Canada.

lA'oviiig Montreal, therefore, by the steamer, a good view of the city and Ht. Hel^n'f
Island — in the middle of the stream — is to be seen. The island is fortitied, and commands
the passage of the river.

The Kapiiih ok St. Mary ore just below St. Helen's Island, and, although not dangerous,
are very troublesome to the river craft, which are much retarded in their movements by
these obstinate rapids.

The tirst village passed is that of Longueil — throe miles below Montreal, on south side
of the river — the terminus of the Grand Trunk Railroad to Portland and yucbec.

LoNOiK Point and Point Aux TREMiaEH, on the Island of Montreal, are successively
passed on the left, and Bouoiikrville on the opposite shore.

The Island or St. Theresa is 15 miles below the city, and uear the mouth of Ottawa
River.

Varennks, on the south-east side of the river, is a beautiful village, which is often re-
sorted to on account of the mineral springs to be found in its vicinity.

William Henrt, or Sorel, 80 miles below Varennes, is a town of some 8000 inhabitants.
It stands on the site of an old fort built in 1666, at the mouth of Richelieu River, and the
first permanent settlement was made in 1685. The " fort" was taken, and occupied in May,
1776, by a party of AmericaDS, in their retreat from Quebec, on the death of Gen. Mont-
gomery.

Leaving Richelieu River, which is the outlet of Lake Champlain into the St Lawrence,
we pass a succession of small islands, and enter

LAKE ST. PETER'S.

This lake, which is formed by an expansion of the river, Is about twenty-five miles long
and nine miles broad, but is, for the most part, rather shallow. Recent improvements, how-
ever, have rendered the navigation such that the largest^iling vessels, and the Canadian
and Liverpool steamers now pass up during the summer season to Montreal. Like all the
other lakes, that of St. Peter's assumes a very different appearance in the summer season,
during mild weather, from what it does during a gale of wind. Then it presents all the
appearance, as well as the dangers of the sea, and rafts on their way down the river are
frequently wrecked on its waters — the violence of the winds and waves being such as to
render the rafts unmanageable, and part them asunder, to the loss sometimes of life as well
as the timber.

On the south bank of the river is the small village of Port St Francis, 82 miles from
Montreal.

MONTREAL TO QUEBEC.

I i'

Proceeding on for other eight miles, the steamer stops at one of the oldest settled towns
in Canada, viz. :

Three Riveus, 90 miles from Montreal, being lialf way between Quebec and Montreal,
Situated at the confluence of the St. Lawrence and River St. Maurice, Population about
6000. The most prominent buildings are the Roman Catholic and Protestant churches, a
convent, jail, and court-house. Founded in 1018. After leaving Three Rivers tlie steamer
proceeds onwards, and shortly passes the mouth of the St, Maurice River, which enters
the St, Lawrence from Canada, The beautiful stream runs a course of some 400 miles in a
south-east direction, frequently expanding and forming lakes of various sizes. Its banks
are generally very high, varying from iJOO to 1,000 feet, and covered Avith tiiick groups of
variegated trees. It has a number of falls and cascades, and is adorned with several small
islands. Its principal tributaries are the Ribbon and Veniiillion, running from tlie west,
and the Windigo and Croche Rivers, from the east, Tlie next town readied is

Batisc'an, on the same side of the river, 117 miles from Montreal, and the last stopping-
place before arriving at Quebec, Batiscan is reached at an early hour in the morning,

Richelieu Rapids. — Tiie channel of the river where these rapids occur is very naiTOW
and intricate, huge irregular rocks being visible in many places during low water.
Beacon lights are placed at the most dangerous points, to aid the mariner in navigating
these ditticult jiassiigos, wliieh extend a distance of 6 or 9 miles.

Pursuing our eour.-e, we juiss tiie small settlements of St. Marie, St. Anne, Point Aux
Tremble;', and Port Nciif, uw i ■ nortii, and Gentilly, St. Pierre, Deeliellons, Lotiiiniure, and
St, Croix, 0.'. the soutl. ••'ule oi me river. Nearly opposite St. Croix is Cape Saiite,

Cape Sante is alioiit 'M) miles altove Quebec, on the north side of the river; a small set-
tlement called St, Tr»is being <iii tlie opposite shore. The banks of tlie river rise here al-
most perpendicularly to a height of 80 feet above the water, and extend back for many
miles with an almost level surface.

Cape Rouge, 8 miles above Quebec, is next passed on the left, when the citadel of Que-
bec comes into view, presenting a sight at once grand and deeply interesting, from its his-
torical associations,

Chaudieuk UivEK, on the right, has a number of beautiful falls a short disttincc from its
entrance into the St, Lawrence,

"Wolf's Cove, 2 miles above Quebec, is historically famous as the place where the im-
mortal Wolfe landed with his gallant army in 1759, and ascended to the Plains of Abra-
ham, where the heroic chief fell mortally wounded, just at tlie successful termination of
one of the most daring enterprises ever chronicled in the annals of warfare.

On the opposite side of the river is Point Levi, a small town of about 1500 inhabitants.
Here is the Quebec station of the Grand Trunk Railroad.

On approaching Quebec the character of the country again resumes a more picturesque
appearance — the high banks and finely-wooded country showing to great advantage.
Within a few miles of the City of Quebec scmie [)rivate residences may be seen embosomed
amid the folioge, in romantic situations, on the heights above, on the north side of the
river, and on nearing the city the port of New Liverpool may be seen on the rigjit-hand,
or south side of the river, with some large ships lying at anchor there, as well as all the
way between there and Quebec ; where, during the season of open navigation, immense
mimbers of large vessels may be%een waiting to discharge their cargoes, and load the tim-
ber of Canada for transportation to all parts of the world, but more particularly to Green-
ock, on the River Clyde, (Scotland,) and Liverpool, on the llersey, (England).

Previous to arriving, the spot may be seen on the face of the embankment where the
gallant Montgomery was killed whilst attempting to storm the citadel at that point.

The steamer, after rounding the high cliffs and Cape Diamond, takes a sweep round in
the river, and lands its passengers, about seven o'clock in the morning, at the base of the
Citadel of Quebec — the " Gibraltar of America,"

QUEBEC.

CITY OF QUEHEC-CANADA EAST.

Associated as Quebec is with so niiiny sctu.-.-. of military i,'l(>ry, of success as well as di-feat,
It must at all times possess a ])ecnliar int.r.Mt f.. alin.wt everyone. On its fields, and

around its bat-
tlements, some
of the bravest
of the sons of
Great Britain
illlH IIFTI Ml^ iR'i'il'S'i 1^^^ »nd Ireland,

lllB ii'i !»« I'Ss^a .m erica and

France, have
fallen, and
around its cita-
del, some of iho
most daring ex-
ploits have taken
place. Staiuling
on a bol 1 and

ii^^i^^|!ltfir,^r-;riiv'ii''ii^^^^M^:'' ' ^■^ii':,;|'illliiPii|li!llll!i.'', p'-i'<-ipitous pro-

UBBii^^B^Mr: • ail ;"-»-^'^'»>'-

■ > Ml. JIT I, J .11, .1^, ^n. ^-m^-mmx-eai^j^ *« lias not inappro-

priately lie en
called the " Gib-
raltar of Ameri-
ca," with which
the names of the
brave AVolfe,
Slontealm, and
Monti^omery
must ever re-
main connected.
The citadel
stands on what
is called Cape
Diamond, 3 50
feet above the
level of the sea,
and includes
about 40 acres of
ground. The

view from olfthe
m

citadel is of the

most picturesque and grand character. Thcio will be seen the majestic St. Lawrence,
winding its course for about 40 miles, whiNt ilie l)ackgroimd of the ]>anoramic scene is filled
up by extensive jilains, runniiii; backwards to lofty mountains in the distance, with Point
Levi opposite, and the Island of Orleans in the distance, whilst the junction of the River St.
Charles, and the (ireat River, form that innijiiifieent sheet of water, where numerous vessels
are to be seen riding at anchor during the siiniiner season.

A walk iiroiiiid the rainpurts of the eitndel will well repay the stranger, by a magnifi-
cent change of scene at every tni'ii he takes. The city itself bears all the resemblance of a

QrEBKC, I'LAIXS OF ABKAIIAM, ETC.

stroiiu'ly fortified ami niic-icnt v\\\. ninl, in tiuit rus^pcct, so very diflforcnt from the newly
sprunir-iip i-itics, westwnrd. Tin- sirct-ls nw giiieriilly iiiiiTow, nnd, in some pnrt?, very
Mt'f|i. ill \v;ill<iiig fi'diu Lower Town to U|)pc'i' Town, more partic'ulnrly. I^)Wi'r Town is
wlicrr all ilie slii|)ping llu^'i^ess of the port is curried on, eiiiefly Inniber — in export — and
every ll^'seriptioll of goods — in import. At Qnei)ec, the greater portion of the immense
luinlier-di-triet of the Ottawa finds a market; vessi-lri eoining to Quebec, in ballast and
eai'ijii, retiiiMi wiili the log^, staves, and deals of tlie up-country. The population of
Qiiehee is largely infused with French Canadians, and iu passing along its streets, nothing,
almost, but the French language is heard.

'Hie most interesting places and objects of interest in ana around Quebec 'will be found
i\6 follows: —

T/ie J'lahix of Abraham, n sliort way out of the city, westward, where the celebrated
battle was fought between the troops of Britain and France, led by their heroes Wolfe and
Montcalm. A monument is erected on the spot wiiere Wolfe fell, with the inscription,
" Here Wolfe died vietoiious."

Tlie Citadel, sitiuited on the highest point of Cape Diamond, and commanding the most
extensive view to be had.

The Explanade, between the ramparts and D'Autueil street, used for drilling the troops.

DURHAM TERRACE aND THE CITADEL, QUEBEC.

The. Public, nr Palace Garden, in Upper Town, fronts Des Curriers street. One of the
must interesting objects of historical interest is the granite monument erected to the joint
ni.iuorv of the two opposing heroes, AVolfe and Montcalm, wiio both fell in battle. It is
piiie.d ill what is called the Palace (Jarden, fiiuly shaded with trees. It was erected in
1827 ; the Ivirl of Dalliousie, then (iovernor-genci-al of Canada, laying the foundation-stone
iiiuid irivat iiKi.-onie honors. The chaste design of the monument, which is G6 feet hi"h, is

3«

WOLFE AXD MONTCALM'S MONUMENT.

QUEBEC.

from tlie pciioil of Csiptiiin Yomijr, TT'tli Hi;.'liliinilor?, find the concise but eloqtient inscrip-
tion is by Dr. J. C. Vislior, at one lini'' oonnootetl with tiie Quebec press, for wliicli in-
scription lie wns awarded a irold iiiedul. It rends as follows:

WOLFE— MOXTCAUI.

M O n T E M \' 1 K T L' S O M M C S K M ;

FAMAM lllsTOItIA;

MOXL'MKNTl M I'OSTEIUTAS.

I>EI)1T.

A. P. 18'27.

Wliicli, being rendered into Ensrli:'h, means: " Militnrj' virtue gave thera a common death
history a common fame ; posteritv n common monument."

3'J

li , f.

tl"'

QUEBEC. •

Durham Terrace, from which one of the finest and most extensive views is to he hml.
A gront resort of the citizens during the cool evenings of summer. At one tune tlie site of
the CastJe of St. Louis,

The Marine Ilnnpital, situated on the peninsula near Cartier's Bny ; the spot wliere
Jnc<]Ui's ('artier, the discoverer of the St. Lawrence, spent tlie winter of 1535 and '36.

77(f lin'iM of-the Intendant Palace, near Craig street, may interest the antiquary in such
mntlers. Montcabi'i'a Head-qnartem, on the heights of Beauport, n short way east of
Beiuipoi't'rt Mills. Montmorenci Hauge, situated close to the bank of the river, near the
Falls of Montmorenci, once the residence of the late Duke of Kent, father of her present
Majesty Queen Victoria. The Quebec Exchange, an excellent reading-room, well supplied
with Canadian, American and British newspapers. Free to strangers.

Tlie University of Quebec, Hope street, Upper Town, a massive gray stone building.

Caurt House and City Hall, St. Louis street.

JmI, corner of Ann street Cost £60,000 ($300,000).

The Jesuit Barracks, Lunatic Asylum, Music Hall, and the Protestant and Catholic
churches form the remainder of the principal buildings in the city.

" A morning's ramble to the Plains of Abraham will not fail to recall historical recollec-
tions and to gratify a taste for beautiful scenery. On leaving the St. Louis Gate, let the
traveller ascend the counterscarp on the left, that lends to the glacis of the citadel ; and
hence pursuing a direction to the right, let him approach one of the Martello Towers,
whence he may enjoy a beautiful view of the St. Lawrence. A little beyond let him ascend
the right bank, and he reaches the celebrated Plains of Abraham, near the spot where
General Wolfe fell. On the highest ground, surrounded by wooden fences, can clearly be
traced out the redoubt where he received the fatal wound. He was carried a few yards
In the rear, and placed against a rock till he expired. It has since been removed. Within
v.n enclosure lower down, and near to the road, is the stone well from which they brought
him water. Tlie English right nearly faced this redoubt, and on this position the French
left rested. Tlxe French army arrived on the Plains from the right of this position, as it
came from Beauport, and not from Quebec ; and, on being defeated, retired down the
heights by which it had ascended, and not into Quebec. In front of the Plains from this
position stands the house of Marchruont. It is erected on the sight of a French redoubt
that once defended the ascent from Wolfe's Cove. Here landed the British army under
Wolfe's command, and, on mounting the banks,' carried this detached work. The troops
in the garrison are usually reviewed on the Plains. Tlie tourist may farther enjoy a
beautiful ride. Let him leave by St. Louis Gate and pass tlie Plains, and he will arrive at
Marclimont, the property of John Gilmour, Esq. Tlie former proprietor, Sir John Harvey,
went to considerable expense in laying out the grounds in a pleasing and tasteful manner.
His successor. Sir Thomas Noel Hill, also resided here, and duly appreciated its beauties.
Tlie view in front of the house is grand. Here the river widens, and assumes the appear-
ance of a lake, whose surface is enlivened by numerous merchant-ships at anchor, and im-
mense rafts of timber floating down. On leaving Marolmiont he will pass some beautiful
villas, whose park -like grounds remind one of England, and from some points in which are
commanded views worthy of a painter's study. Among these villas may be mentioned
Wolfesfiold, Spencer Wood, and Woodfield. The last was originally built by the Catholic
Bishop of Samos, and, from the several additions made by subsequent proprietors, had a
somewhat irregular, though picturesque appearance. It was burnt down, and rebuilt in a
fine regular style. It is now the residence of James Gibb, Esq.

" In tills neighbourhood is situated Mount Hermon Cemetery. It is about three miles from
Quebec, on the south side of the St. Lewis road, and slopes irregularly but beautifidly
down the clitf which overhangs the St. Lawrence. It is thirty-two acres in extent, and the
grounds were tastefully laid out by the late Major Douglass, U. S. Engineers, whose taste
and skill had been previously shown in the arrangement of Greenwood Cemetery, neap
New York."

.it,

is to be liail.
ne the site of

( spot, vhere
and '36.
jimry ia such
way east of
ver, near the
' lier present
veil Buppliecl

uilding.

and Catholic

ncal recoUec-

Gate, let the

citadel; and

telle Towers,

it him ascend

e spot where

an clearly be

1 a few yards

ved. Within

they brought

n the French

josition, as it

id down the

ins from this

ench redoubt

army under

The troopa

;her enjoy a

vill arrive at

olm Harvey,

eful manner.

its beauties.

the appear-

hor, and im-

me beautiful

in which are

mentioned

the Catholic

etors, had a

rebuilt in a

' miles from

beautifully

;ent, and the

whose taste

uetery, near

QUEBEC, LAKE ST. CHARLES, ETC.

Leaving this beautiful locality, the walk continues to the woods, on the edge of the
banks rising from the shore.

The tourist, instead of returning by a road conducting through a wood into St. Louis
Road for Quebec, would do better by continuing his ride to the Church of St. Foy, from
which is seen below the St. Charles, gliding smoothly through a lovely valley, whose sides
rise gradually to the mountains, and are literally covered with habitations The villages
of Lorette and Charlesbourg are conspicuous objects. Before entering the suburb of St
John, on the banks of the St. Charles stands the General Hospital, designed, as the name
implies, for the disabled and sick of every description.

A day's excursion to Indian Lorette and Lake St Charles would gratify, we doubt not,
many a tourist It will be necessary to leave by 6 o'clock, a. m., and to take provisions for
the trip. After leaving the Palace Gate, the site of the former intendant's palace is
passed. Mr. Bigot was the last intendant who resided in it

The most pleasant road to Lorette is along the banks of the St Charlea On arriving at
the village, the best view is on the opposite bank. The fall is in the foreground, and the
church and village behind. The villagers claim to be descended from those Hurone, to
whom the French monarch, in 1651, gave tlie seigniory of Sillery. In the wars between
the French and English, the Hurons contributed much to the success of the former, as they
were one of the most warlike tribes among the aborigines of this continent At present,
they are a harmless, quiet set of people, drawing only part of their subsistence from fishing
and hunting. A missionarj" is maintained by government for their religious instruction,
and the schoolmaster belongs to the tribe. Here may be purchased bows and arrows, and
moccasins very neatly ornamented by the squaws.

On arriving at Lake St Charles, by embarking in a double canoe, the tourist will have
his taste for picturesque mountain scenery gratified in a high degree. The lake is four
miles long, and one broad, and is divided into two parts by projecting ledges. The lake
abounds in trout, so that the angling tourist may find this spot doubly inviting. On the
route back to the city, the village of Charlesbourg is passed, it is one of the oldest and
most interesting settlements in Canada. It has two churches, one of which is the centre
of the surrounding farms, whence they all radiate. The reason for this singular disposal
of the allotments, arose from the absolute necessity of creating a neighbourhood. For this
purpose, each farm was permitted to occupy only a space of three acres in front by thirty
in depth. The population was in these days scanty, and labourers were difficult to be pro-
cured. By this arrangement, a road was more equally kept up in front of each farm, and
it was the duty of every proprietor to preserve such road. Another advantage was the
proximity of the church, whence the bell sounded the tocsin of alarm, whenever hostile
attempts were made by the Indians, and where the inhabitants rallied in defence of their
ptssessions.

Within the citadel are the various magazines, store-houses, and other buildings required
for the accommodation of a numerous garrison ; and immediately overhanging the precipice
to the south, in a most picturesque situation, looking perpendicularly downwards, on the
river, stands a beautiful row of buildings, containing the mess rooms and barracks for the
officers, their stables, and spacious kitchens. The fortifications, which are continued round
the whole of the Upper Town, consist of bastions connected by lofty curtains of solid
masonry, and ramparts from 25 to 35 feet in heiglit, and about the same in thickness,
bristling with heavy cannon, round towers, loophole walls, and massive gates recurring at
certain distances. On the summit of the ramparts, from Cape Diamond to the Artillery
Barracks, is a broad covered way, or walk, used as a place of recreation by the inhabitants,
and commanding a most agreeable view of the country towards the west This passes
over the top of St John's and St Louis Gate, where there is stationed a sergeant's guard.
Above St John's Gate, there is at sunset one of the most beautiful views imaginable. The
St Charles gambolling, as it were, in the rays of the departing luminary, the light still lin-
gering on the spires of Lorette and Charlesbourg, until it fades away beyoiid the lofty
mountains of Bonhomme and Tsounotithuan, present un evening scene of gorgeous and sur-

QUEBEC, FORTIFICATIONS, ETC.

passing eplendour. The city, being defended on its land side by its ramparts, is protected
on tht) other sides by a lofty wall and parapet, based on the cliflT, and comnvencing near
the St. Charles at the Artillery Barracks. These form a very extensive range of buildings,
the part within the Artillery Gate being occupied as barracks by the officers and men of
that distinguished corps, with a guard and me«3 room. The part without the gate is used
as magazines, store-houses, and offices for the ordnance department.

The circuit of the fortifications, enclosing the Upper Town, is two miles and three-quarters;
the total circumference outride the ditches and space reserved by government, on which no
housci can be built on the west side, is about 3 miles.

Founded upon a rock, and in its highest parts overlooking a great extent of country—
betwt en 800 and 400 miles from the ocean — in the midst of a great continent, and yet dis-
playing fleets of foreign merchantmen in its fine capacious bay, and showing all the bustle
of a crowded sea-port — its streets narrow, populous, and winding up and down almost
mountainous declivities — situated in the latitude of the finest parts of Europe — exhibiting
in its environs the beauty of an European capital — and yet, in winter, smarting with the
cold of Siberia — governed by a people of different language and habits from the mass of
the population— opposed in religion, and yet leaving that population without taxes, and ia
the full enjoyment of every privilege, civil and religious. Such are the prominent feature!
which strike a stranger in the City of Quebec I"

The stranger can have no difficulty in finding the various places and objects of interest
in, and around the city, and by taking a ealeche, and making a bargain beforehand, will
be able tj see a great deal in little time, and at no great cost.

For particulars of the Falls of Montmorenci, and River Saguenay, see following pages.

.->*.

•■iTr-in>ii^BtiiiiiihB1 ifHriiB

MONTREAL.

CITY OF MONTREAL, C. E.

Tub stronaer, on npproncliing Montreal, oUIut from Quebec by the stenmer, or crossing
over from tlie opposite side of the river, in coming from the States, will at once be im-
pressed fnvorably with the situation of tiie eity, the business-like appearance it presents,
and the pictuieiTpie scenery by which it is surrounded.

Montreal is the most populous city in Canada, and in every respect must take the first
rank in the province. It is situated <m the Island of Montreal — which is represented as the
garden of Canada, beinij the richest soil in tlio province — nt tlie head of ocean steamship
navigation, and beyond which no lorge sailing vessels go, although Kuialler vessels pass on,
via the canals and St. Lawrence, to the west.

The city is built of a gray limestone, hoving very much the appearance of Aberdeen
granite, with buildings of great solidity and excellence in design. The chief business street
is that <tf Notre Dame, wiiilst Great St. James street exceeds it in handsome buildings, be-
eides being much broader. (See engraving.)

Tlie wholesale stores are situated on the wharves alongside the river, and streets running
parallel therewith.

Montreal is the port at which arrives the great bulk of the importations from Great
Britain and other places abroad, being there either re-sold or transhipped to all parts of
Canada East and West ; consequently a large wholesale trade is carried on at Montreal in all
descriptions of goodf^

In the conglomerate mass of buildings there concentrated, are stores, churches, groceries,
and nunneries, all intermixed with each other, whilst in the streets may be seen the manu-
facturer's cart driving alongside of the Catholic priest in his " brggy," the merchant's clerk
hurrying on past a sister of charity or nun at large, and Frenchmen, Scotchmen, Germans,
and Americans, all elbowing each other in the busy streets of the city par excellence. No
better sample of this heterogeneous gathering is to be seen than by paying a visit to the
Rue Notre Dame, or Bonsecours Market, where, on a Saturday night, a mixture of English,
French, German, and broad Scotch, will fall upon the ear with peculiar effect.

Althov.gh one of the finest views of the city is obtained from off the mountain, undoubt-
edly the most extensive one is to be had from the top of the Catholic cathedral, in the Place
d'Armes. By paying Is. stg. you will be conducted to the top, and, if a fine day, the view
is such as will well repay the ascent.

There are some very handsome churches in Montreal. At Beaver Hall, St Andrew's
Church (Presbyterian), and the Unitarian Church there, form two of the most prominent
in the city, situated as they are on a considerable elevation, on rising ground. The public
buildings of Montreal are substantial and elegant, and consist of —

PUBLIC BUILDINGS.

The New Court House, on Notre Dame street, and directly opposite to Nelson's Monu-
ment, is of elegant cut stone, in the Grecian Ionic style. The ground plan is 800 feet by
125 feet; height, 76 feet.

The New Post-office, on Great SL James street, is a beautiful cut stone building.

The Merchants' Exchange Reading Room, situated on St Sacrament street.

The Mechanics' Institctis, a very fine building, situated on Great St James street, of
cut stone, 3 stories high, built in the Italian style. The Lecture Room is 60 by 80 feet,
height 18 feet, neatly and tastefully finished.

The Mercantile Library Assoclation, Odd Fellows' Hall, opposite the above.

The Bank of Montreal, Place d'Armes, St James street, opposite the Cathedral, an
elegant cut stone building of the Corinthian order. (See engraving.)

The CrrT Bank, next to the above, in the Grecian style, of cut stone and worthy of note.

The Bank of British North America, Great St James street, next the Post-oflBce, is a
handsome building of cut stone, and built in the composite style of architecture.

nectl

Itl

uoud

beini

MONTREAL — VICTOUIA BKIDGE.

TiiK BoN»BcoUB8 Maiiket. on 9t raul nnd WittiT streets, l* ii iimgiiificont eJihcc-. (See
enirriivinjf.)

The St. Ann's Maikkt, npposUe tlie (Jivy Nuiitury. *

TiiK GnEY NiN.NERV 1* sriliiuteil on Foimdliiig strict, (lesigntd for tho care of foundliiigs
and infirm.

The Hotel Diku Nunnery, on St. JoMpli nnd St. Paul otrcet?, designed for sick nnd dis-
eased persons.

The Convent ok the Sisters of the Sacred Heart is situated at St. Vincent de raul,
9 niik'S from Montreal.

AiADEMY OK THE SisTERs OK THE CoNGREoATioN OE NoTRK Dame, now Marin Villa, aboiit
8 miles from Alontreal, wbs formerly tlic residence of the Governor-General.

The MgfijLL Coi.leqe.— This is an iuMitution of very liigli repute, founded liy tlie Hon.
Jnmes MoGill, who lieqnentlied a valiiuMe esUite nnd £1(»,(HM) for its endowment. The
buildings fop the Faeulty of ArU nre delightfully situated at the base of the mountain, and
command an extensive view.

The Museum ok the Natural History or Montreal, is situated in Little St. Jaiues street,
nnd is free to stran^'ci-s.

TuE New City Water AVoiiks. — These works tap the St. Lawrence at the Lnehine
Rapids, some 6 miles above the city, nnd will cost, when fully completed, nearly $l,()0!),(»uo.
The 2 receiving reservoirs, for supplying the city are about 2(t() feet above tlie level of the
river, and liold 20,00o,000 gnllons.

The Jail. — This is a substantial stone building, surrounded by a high wall, and is worthy
of a visit. It has recently been erected, at an expense of $120,0(10.

TuK General HospiTAt, on Dorchester street, is a fine cut stone building, and is one of
the many prominent institutions of the cit}'.

The St. Patrick's Hospital, nt the west end of the same street, is an elegant structure,
and occupies a commanding potiition.

The Protestant Oin'iiAN Asvlim, situated in Catherine street, is a well-conducted charity,
sustained by the benev<dence of private individunls.

The Ladies' Benevolent Institution, for the relief of widows and half orphans, is n
large three-story building in Berthelot street It is managed solely by a committee
of ladies.

Nelson's Monument, Jacques Cartier square, Notre Dame street. '' ■'

The Lacuine CanaI is nniong the public works worthy of note.

Place d'Armes is a handsome square, between Notre Dnine and Great St. James sti-eets,
opposite the French Cathedral.

As a place of beauty and pleasure, the ride from the city to Mount Royai will nttrnct
the traveller nt all times. The distance around it is 9 miles, commanding one of the finest
views of beautiful landscape to be found in North America ; and in returning, entering the
city, a view of the St Lawrence and of Montreal, both comprehensive and extended, that
well repays the time and expense.

Mount Royal Cb»ietery, about 2 miles from the city, on the mountain, is one of the
places of interest about the city which many parties visit

The Champ de Mars is a public parade ground, situated in Gabriel street, off Notre
Dame. In the evenings, sometimes, the militniy bands play there, to a large concourse of
the inhabitants.

THE VICTORIA BRIDGE. ''^' '

This gigantic undertaking forms one of the most interesting and wonderful features con-
nected with the city, at Point St Charles.

It is being built for the purpose of enabling the Grand Trunk Railway to form a contin-
uous railroad communication with the railroads of the United States, instead of passengers
being obliged to cross the river in steamers, as nt present

The width of the river where the bridge is being built is very nearly 2 miles.

CITY OF MONTREAL.

H
^ a

■J

-t;

■:\

BOUTII ylliK t)K (iUK.VT ST. .lA.MKS' 8THEKT.

The (lr»t hnililiiii,' on left slile of llic street Is theOen-
criil l'(»tiilllo — M )>>• l(Ht feet— built In llie Itiilliiti
style. The thlid building' In view \* t)iu lliiiik of Kilt-
Isil North .\nierlcii— whieh, with the I'o.ttollii'e, forms
two of the llne.1t Imlliliii),'^ In the street. Still finther
on, in the .Meelmnlo.-i' Library, 11 snbtantliil, pliilii,
square block, with an excellent reaUlng-rooni, library,
iinil hall for lectures, etc.

I'r..\rK D'AUMKH, ST. JAMKS' STIIKKT.

_ The hulhllnKwIth the heautirul fluted columns of the
f'orlnlhlan oriler, reprosentfd above, Is the Dank of
Montreal— one of the (Ine.st buildings In the cltv. The
next l.ulldinK to it Is the City Hunk of Mcintrenl,
111! establishment with a much plainer e.xterlor, in tlui
fireeiati style. Still further on, are some very cletfimt
stores, with the Wesleyim Chapel In the UUtun'ce, nuar-
er the far end of the .street.

IIONSKCOIIIS MAKKKT.

This is the largest, ami one of the finest buildings In
the city. Krected at a cost of 4i'2s7,;)m). Used as a
public market for the most part, where are sold an ex-
traordinary (piantlty of provisions, vegetables, fruit,
fish, besides clothing, " Yankee Notions," and an om-
nium fintheriim of almost every thing required for
domestic purposes. One portion of the building Is used
as a police .station, as well as ollices connected with the
municipal government. It is situated close to the river
side jiuilt In the Grecian-Doric style of architecture.

IIAY.MAKKKT AND IlEAVEU HALL.

The above view represents the Ilayniarket, with
Heaver Hail in the hack rising ground, which, in its
number of handsome churches, presents one of the
tiiu'.st views in the city — more particularly in summer—
with the mountain rising up behind, and filling \\\t the
biickgrouiid of the picture with th ; luxuriant foliage of
its shrubliery. The church with the highest spire in
the above engraving, is that of St. Andrew's (Church
of Scotland I. The one seen in the corner to the right,
is a very handsome church, now completing for the
Unitarian congregation.

« f

MONTREAL, VICTORIA RRIDOE, ETC.

The current of tho river it very rapid — with a depth of from 4 to 10 fast, excepting in
the main channel, where it it from 80 to 80 feet deep.

In the winter, tlie ioe it formed Into a great thicknetn, and frequently immonio pllet
accumulate — an high ai 80 to 40 feet, Thui piled up in huge houldera, tho water ruthea
through them at a fearful rate, driving the block* of ice along, and crushing all before them.

Tlie bridge will coniltt of '24 itrong piert, ttandlng 242 feet apart, excepting the centra
■pan, which i« 839 feet wide. They are all perpendicular on three >ldet, and ilopo down
to the water-edge agalnit the current, to ai to withitand the force and action of the float-
ing mawes of ice, on Ita breaking up. Eacli pier i« estimated to withstand the force of' <i«^
70,000 tons of Ice at one time.

Resting on these piers, and running from abutmant to abutment, Is the bridge, which
eoDsists of a hollow iron tube, 22 feet high, and 16 faet wide. i

Tlie centre span Is to be SO feet abovo the average level of the water, thenoa sinking to-
wards each end 1 foot in 130, thus making the height of the abutments about 87 feet.

The estimated cost is about £1,250,000 stg. Th« weight of th« iron in tho tubes will b«
8,000 tons, and the contents of the masonry will be about 8,000,000 cubic feet The whole
will be completed in the autumn of 1860 or spring of 1860. As is well known, the engineer ,.
of this greatest bridge in the world is Mr. Hubert Btephenion of NewoasUe-upon-Tyne.

■«*•'::

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Ineer

TRIP FROM MONTREAL TO OTTAWA.

MONTREAL TO OTTAWA, 0. W.

Thi8 honiitlfiil route may bo travermMl either hy rull from Montreal to I'roiwott Junction,
ftcid tlii'iRf liy ruil to Ottawa, ai iletcrilicd vlNewlieru; or it may bo talieii by way of rail
tu Laehinu, «teatiicr from Ijicliiae to Carrillon, rail from Carrilloii to ()'-«iiville, and (iren-
?tlk to UttAwa by steamer aga\u. Uy tliis route it will be neen that there are tevoral
«)MUigM to bo made, which cannot be avoided, ou account of the rapid* on the river, which
osnnot be " run" by tlie atoamer.

This route ii ono ro little known, that, notwithitanding tlie diMdvantiiKcH which chang-
ing »o often prcHentt, we have thought it advl«able to give a brief account of the trip to
Ottawa, an niado by ua latt June, addrcMiinjj ouritelvea aa if the reader were going, k'ro-
eeeding in cab or omnibua to (iritfintown — 1^ ndlea from i>oat-otilce, Montreal — yuu
arrive and book at the Lachino Kallroad Ue|H>t; fare through to Ottawa, Hntt clasa, $8;
second clnaa, $% Strange to «ay, no baggiigc ia " checked through," on thia route aa via
Grand Trunk railroad, or the other lines in tlic United States.

Started on the cara, therefore, with a atring of ticketa to and from the dllfcrent points on
your way, you aoon reach Lachine, nine inileit off. At Lachiue you change cant, and Htep
on board the steamer " Lady Simpson" in watting, and once under weigh, y<iu get a tine
view of the mighty St Lawrence, with Lake St, Louia cloae at hand.

Not long after the ateamer atarta, breakfast will be announced, which may be |iartaken
of, If you had not got It before you started from Montreal. An excellent l)reakrant for
1«. U)i(L currency, (1*. fid. atg.,) or 87+ cents. If a tine morning, you will be delighted
with the sail, as the steamer skims along the shore of the Island of Montreal, till she
rcac))ea St, Anne's, at the extreme corner of that Island. At St. Anne's, the steamer leavea
the St. Lawrence, and passes through the locks there, and Is Mien on the bonom of the Ot-
tawa, You will scarcely be able to Imagine it to be a river ; In reality, it forms the Lake
of the Two Mountains, being one of the numerous lakea which the Ottawa may be aald
to be a succession of.

At St Anne's you will get an excellent view of the substantial atone bridge of the Grand
Trunk Railway, which here crosses the Ottawa, and which forme a striking contrast to the
mistaken policy of the railway companies in the United States in building so many
" rickety" wooden bridges — with their warnings up of fines of so much If you trot a horse
over them — and which in going over so many accidents have occurred. Here, possibly,
you may observe, against one of the piers of this bridge, a portion of a large raft, which, in
" running" the rapids last season, beeume unmanageable and dashed up against the bridge

scattering the raft In all directions— to the great loss of the proprietor of It Some of

the logs may be seen yet, resting up against the pier of the bridge, as if trying to clear all
before them, and the gigantic pier standing up, In its mighty strength, as if bidding them

float quietly past

St Anne's Is the spot where the poet Moore located the scene of his celebrated Canadian

Boat Song.

CANADIAN BOAT SONG.

BT THOMAS MOORB.

Faintly as tolls the evening chime.

Our voices keep tune and our oars keep time ;

Soon as the woods on shore look dim,

We'll sing at St. Anne's our parting hymn.
Row, brothers, row, the stream runs faat,
The Rapids are near, and the daylight's past

Why should we yet our sail unfurl?

There Is Ait a breath the blue wave to curl ;

But when the wind blows off the shore,

Oh 1 sweetly we'll rest our weury oar.

Blow, breeies, blow, the stream runs faat,
The Rapids are near, and the daylight's past

'• V

TRIP UP THE OTTAWA.

Ottawa's tide ! this trembling moon
Shall see us float over thy surges soon.
Saint of this green Isle ! hear our prayers,
Oh ! grant us cool heavens and favoring airs.
Blow, breenes, blow, the stream runs fast,
' The Uaplds are near, and the daylight's past.

Started from St. Anne's yon shortly reach ii benutifiil cxidinsion of the Ottawa — which
forms here what is called The Lake of tiie Two Mountains— named from the two moun-
tains which are seen to the nortii, rising four hundred to five hundred feet high.

After sailing a short time, and with your face to the bow of the steamer, you will ob-
serve, to the right, where this great river — coming slowly and silently along — is divided by
the Island of Montreal ; the one fork of the river which you observe to the north-east, wind-
ing its way past the island, after which it makes its acquaintance with the St. Lawrence,
to the north-east of Montreal. The other fork, or division on wliieh you have just started
from, at St. Anne's, meets the St. Lawrence there ; altluiugh, strange to say, the waters of
these two immense rivers — as if not relishing the mixture of each other, and thus forming
one — continue their separate and undivided distinctness for miles, till they meet with such
rough treatment, from either torrents, wind, or waves, tliut they join issue, and form at
last, one immense river in the St. Lawrence, in which the beautiful but niiijestic Ottawa is
swallowed up.

In the last report on the Geological Survey of Canada, the following remarks on the com-
ponent parts, and other peculiarities, of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence occur : —

"The water of the Ottawa, containing but little more than one-third as much solid mat-
ter as the St. Lawrence, is impregnated with a much larger portion of organic matter,
derived from the decomposition of vegetable remains, and a large amount of alkalies uncom-
bined with chlorine or sulphuric acid. Of the alkalies determined as chlorids, the chlorid
of potassium in the Ottawa water forms thirtj'-two per cent., and in that of the St. Lawrence,
only sixteen per cent.; while in the former, the silicia equals thirty-four per cent., and in
the latter, twenty-three per cent., of the mineral matters. The Ottawa drains a region of
crystalline rocks, and receives from these by far the greater part of its waters; hence the
salts of potash, liberated by the decomposition of these rocks, are in large proportion. The
extensive vegetable decomposition, evidenced by the organic matters dissolved in the water,
will also have crntributed a portion of potash. It will be recollected that the proportion
of potash salts in the chlorids of sea-water and saline waters, generally, does not equal more
than two or three per cent. As to the St. Lawrence, although the basin of Lake Superior,
in which the river takes its origin, is surrounded by ancient sandstones, and by crystalline
rocks, it afterwards flows through lakes whose basins are composed of palieozoic strata,
which abound in limestones rich in gypsum and salt, and these rocks have given the waters
of this river that predominance of soda, chlorine, and suljihuric acid which distinguishes it
from the Ottawa. It is an interesting geographical feature of these two rivers, that they
eaeli pass through a series of great lakes, in which the waters are enabled to deposit their
susjiendcd impurities, and thus are rendered remarkably clear and transparent."

The two rivers thus not mixing at once, is owing, we presume, to the specific gravity of
the one being much heavier than that of the other. The two are distinctly seen flowing
down together, by the difl^jrence in their color.

T'-e lake you are now upon — if a fine morning, and in summer — will be as calm as a mill-
pond, and, with its wooded islands, and nicely-wooded country round about, forms a scene
of the finest character. Each turn the steamer takes, it opens up with it new beauties.
Sometimes, however, the lake, now so placid and beautiful to look upon, is raised like a
raging sea, rendering its navigation not so easy, as many a poor raftsman has found to his
cost, whilst navigating his treasure of lumber to Quebec or Lachine. You may, possibly,
see some of these rafts of lumber as you pass along. Nowhere in the whole of Ameiiea,
we believe, will you see such magnificent and valuable rafts of lumber as on the Ottawa.
The rafts on the Delaware, Ohio, and Mississippi, which we have seen, are nothing to com-

TRIP UP THE OTTAWA.

■-m:.

ivity of
lowing

I a mill-
la scene
leauties.
liiie a
to his
lossibly,
Imenca,
)ttawa.
Ito com-

pare to them — either in size or in the value of the wood of which they are composed.

Passing onwards on the lake, you will observe The Indian Village, at the base of the
Two Mountains. There reside the remnants of two tribes, the Iroquois and Algonquins,

On the sandy soil behind the village, the Indians have their games, foot races, etc., etc.

After passing there, the steamer will probably stop at Vaudreul, at the head of the Lake
of the Two Mountains. Proceeding on from there, the steamer will steer for Point Anglais,
(English Point,) and from there cross over to the settlement of Regabd, and a hill of the
same name, on the river Le Graisse.

After enjoying the beauties of the scene on every side, you will shortly find yourself at
Carrillon. Opposite Carrillon is situated Point Fortune, the station which leads per stage
to tlie Caledonia Springs, unless passengers wish to go there from L'Original, which
you will reach, by-and-by, by taking the cars at Carrillon, the point you have now
reached.

At Carrillon you will leave the steamer, walk up to the train which is in readiness to
convey you from there to Grenville. On alighting from the steamer, look after your bag-
gage — see it placed on the cart which is to convey it from there to the train — and then see
it placed on tlie Irain.

You will have a few minutes to wait at Carrillon. during which time you can be survey-
ing the beauties of the scene around you — and get a peep of the rapids which here pass
from Grenville to Carrillon, where you are.

"All aboard," as the conductor says; the bell on the engine rings, and you are on the
high road to Grenville.

Tliis road passes through farms in all stnges of clearing — the numerous shanties betoken-
ing that they are held by their original proprietors, who are struggling to see them all
cleared some day, and present a very different scene from what they do at present. Pass-
ing through, therefore — dismal enough swamp — some good land — farms cleared and un-
cleared — you arrive at Cliatham Station (C. E). You will remember that you are now in
Canada Eost — the other side of the River Ottawa, all the way up, nearly to its source, being
Canada West; you, no doubt, are aware that Canada East is inhabited chiefly by French
Canadians, (Roman Catholics,) and Canada West "chiefly by British, or descendants of
such, (and mostly Protestants,) the Scotch people forming a large portion of the population
in Canada West. Passing Chatham Station — and a good many cleared farms in its neighbor-
hood — you shortly reach Grenville, where the train stops, and you take the steamer
" PlKunix." Here again look after your baggage, and see it on board.

At Grenville, you cannot fail to be forcibly struck with the beauty of the scenery now
disclosed to your view. Not being of a poetical disposition, we regret our inability to do
it that justice, in our description of it, to which it is entitled. From this point, the steamer
turns round, to stort on towards Ottawa, 58 miles off (6| hours). To our mind, this is the
finest sci!ne on the whole trip. The Ottawa here forms a sort of bay, with exquisitely
beautiful scenery all round it — on one side a range of hills, stretching along as far as the
eye can carry, wooded to their tops. The scenery reminds us of the vicinity of Ellen's Isle,
on Loch Katrine, (Scot.,) only, tliat on the Ottawa, at this point, the hills are wooded —
whilst those of the Scottish lake are barren — or covered only with pasture and heather.

Passing on from this charming point of view, the steamer now goes direct up the river
for Ottawa City, making several stops by the way : the first is Ilartwick's old landing, next,
L'Origiinil, with its excellent pier, and pretty, quiet little town in the distance.

Proceeding on, you will pass, on the right hand or north side of the river, the lands of
the Papineau Seigniory, belonging to L. J. Papineau, of 1837 Canadian rebellion notoriety.
This gentleman, we believe, still strongly adheres to his republican opinions, and is not a
member in the Canadian legislature, at jn-esent. Before the rebellion alluded to, Mr. Papi-
neau held the ofiice of Speaker, and at the time of the rebellion, it is said government was
due him about $4,000, which, on the restoration of peace, etc., he received on his return
from exile, notwithstanding that he had been one of the leaders in that movement, in 1837.

TRIP UP THE OTTAWA.

The seigniory extends for ab-- it 15 miles, and is considered one of the poorest in Canada.
As you puss on, you will observe the beautiful range of hills, to the north, which, from the
different sizes and shapes they assume, present, with their shrubbery, a beautiful fringe
work, to the scene uU around. These hills form part of the chain, which range from
Labrador, all the way to the Rocky Mountains,

Passing the stopping point of Montebello, you will observe Mr. Papineau's residence,
embosomed amongst trees and shrubbery of beautiful foliage. It is called Papineau's Castle

Cape St. Marie, At this point, the steamer turns to the left, leaving the hills referred

to, behind you. From Mr. Papineau's house, a most magnificent view of the river, and
surrounding country, must be had — occupying so prominent a position, at the bend of the
river, which there forms a sort of bay.

Proceeding on, you will now observe that the scenery assumes rather a different aspect,
but still beautiful in its character. You sail past little islands wooded all over, and on be-
tween the banks of the river — which in some places become very flat, with the river ex-
tending in amongst the forest. At a more advanced season of the year, the river is lower,
consequently, much of the water previously spread over a great portion of the country, re-
cedes during the summer months, and before the winter season sets in, a heavy crop of
hay is reaped. For nearly eight months in the year, however, the ground is thus covered
with the swelling of the river, and of course only fit for cultivation during the hot season
of about four months' duration.

You are now approaching to a place about twenty-eight miles of Ottawa — called Thurso
— which presents nothing particular but an immense yard full of sawn lumber, belonging
to the greatest lumbering establishment in the woi-ld — Pollok, Gilmour <fe Co., of Glasgow,
(Scotland,) being one of the many stations which that firm have in Canada, for carrying on
their immense trade. From off immense tracts of land, which they hold from government
for a mere trifle — situated in different districts on tiie Ottawa — they have the lumber
brought to wharves on the river, made into rafts and then floated down ; that intended for
the ports on the St Lawrence and United SUites, to the west of Montreal, going via La-
chine, whilst the greater proportion goes via the route you have been travelling — over the
rapids and down to Lake St Peter's, on the St Lawrence, till it finally reaches Quebec,
There it is sold or shipped by them to ports in Great Britain, large quantities of it finding
its way to the Clyde (Scotland). Opposite to Thurso, will be observed what is called
Foxe's Point, An English family of that name have settled there, and to this day they
appear not to have forgot their taste for neat, well-trimmed grounds, fences, etc., exhibit-
ing many of the characteristics of an Englisliman's home. Passing on, you next stop at
probably the wharf for Buckingham, (C. E.,) 17 miles inland. Opposite to this landing ia
Cumberland, (C, W.); passing which, you will shortly reach Gill's wharf, 6 miles from Ot-
tawa, and the last stopping-place previous to reaching there.

In half an hour or so, you will observe the bluffs of Ottawa in the distance, but no ap-
pearance of the city, it being situated on ground high above the level of the river, where
you land at To the left you will notice the beautiful little waterfall of the Rideau — a
Niagara in miniature — with its Goat Island between the horse shoe and straight line fall.
It falls about 30 feet, and forms one of the prettiest little falls to be seen almost anywhere.
On the right hand, you will observe a cluster of wooden shanties, at the mouth of the river
Gatineau, which there joins the Ottawa, and, as you stand admiring the beauty of the
scenery before, behind, and around you, the steamer touches at the wharf of Ottawa City.
From the deck of the steamer, you will have an excellent view of the suspension bridge
and the Ghauderie Falls in the distance, with the rapids and the falls, throwing up the
spray all around, forming a white cloud over the bridge. At the wharf you will find
vehicles waiting to convey you to any hotel or address you may wish to go to. On reacli-
ing the top of the steep incline from the steamer, you will then obtain a first sight, per-
haps, of Ottawa City, which was to have been the seat of the Canadian Government — and
which may be yet— should the whim or interest of the members of the provincial parlia-
ment not decree otherwise.

TRIP UP THE OTTAWA.

Tlie steamer " Lady Simpson," from Lachine to Grenville, is partly owned by its captain—
Shcppard.

The steamer " Phoenix" — on board whieh you will find an excellent dinner for fifty cents,
(2«. Btg.,) — is commanded by a very civil and obliging Scotchman named McLachlan — who
will be glad to point out to you the beauties of the river. From Grenville to Ottawa — a
French-Canadian pilot takes charge of the steering of the vessel.

Parties who go to Ottawa City — by rail, via Prescott — as described elsewhere, can return
from Ottawa by the route now de8cril)ed, and we have no doubt they will be pleased with
one of the finest river trips we have experienced in America. The scenery of the Ottawa,
just described, is by no means so bold in charncter as that of the noble river Hudson, from
New York to Albany and Troy — still, it is one which cannot fail to afford the highest satis-
faction to the tourist.

For bolder scenery, and the highlands of the Ottawa — see next page for account of
the Upper Ottawa — being a continuation of the same river from Ottawa — awaj- north-west
— extending to parts as yet untrod by few, if any, white men — far less by tourists.

ap-
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MONTREAL TO OTTAWA, 0. W.

VIA GRAND TRUNK RAILROAD.

Take the cars on the Grand Trunk Railroad from station in Grifiin Town, 1^ miles from
post-oftioe, Montreal. Started from the station, you proceed, getting a fine view of the St.
Lawi-ence on the left, the mountain on the right, and the fine landscape stretching beyond,
till you reach Point Claire — 15 miles. Leaving there, you proceed on through a beautiful
country till you reach the magnificent bridge which crosses the river Ottawa at St. Anne's,
going over which you get a hasty glance of the Ottawa stretching far beyond to the west,
assuming the appearance of a magnificent lake, situated in a basin, surrounded by finely-
wooded hills in the background, andr ichly-wooded country on every side of it. Immedi-
ately under this bridge you may observe the rapids rushing along, and also the locks
whore tlie ste'.mer for the Ottawa River, from Lachine, passes through to avoid these
—called "St. Anne's rapids" — from the name of tlie village close by.

You jiass on to Vaudreuil, 24 miles; Cedars, 29 miles; Coteau Landing, 37 miles; River
Boa'.deite, 44 miles; Lancaster, 54 miles; Summerstown, 60 miles; Cornwall, 68 miles;
Idoulinette, 73 miles; Dickinson Landing, 77 miles; Aultsville, 84 miles; Williamsburg,
92 miles; Matilda, 99 miles; Edwardsburg, 104 miles, to Prescott Junction, 112 miles from
Montreal.

At Prescott Junction, you change cars, and take those on the line from Prescott to Ottawa,
54 miles distant, stopping at eight stations between these points. The stranger, if
newlj' arrived, either via Quebec, or Xew York, from Great Britain, or continent of Eu-
rope, will, on this line, get the first glimpse, most likely, of " bush life," of " shanties," and
" cleared," or " partially cleared" lands. The line being a succession of dense forest,
swamp, and partially cleared farms, presents few or no interesting features to the tourist
farther than those mentioned. Between the last station (Gloucester) and Ottawa (11
miles off) tiie country presents a much more cleared appearance, and a few well-cultivated
farms will be seen along the line of railrotid, until it arrives at the station, close to New
Edinburgh, on the one side of the Rideau River, with Ottawa on the other side, about a
q\iarter of a mile off.

You will find vehicles in waiting, whii'h will convey yourself and luggage to whatever
hotel you please. Campbell's Hotel, Ottawa, we can recommend.

For description of Ottawa, see elsewhere.

After you have visited Ottawa, its river above the town, etc., etc., you can return to
Montreal, via steamer on the River Ottawa, via Grenville, Lachine, etc., (see Montreal to
Ottawa, via Lachine and steamer,) or the way you came.

THE UPPER OTTAWA AND TRIBUTARIES.

UNITED STATES TO OTTAWA, C. W.

PnEscoTT Junction, on the Grand Trunk Railway, 112 miles from Montreal, is the nearest
point for tourists and emigrants from the United States. ,

Prescott is approaclied by steamer from Ogdensburg, opposite side of the river.

Or via rail to Cape Vincent, thence steamer to Kingston, and rail to Prescott.

Or via steamer all the way, viz., Cape Vincent, passing through the Thousand Islands,
past Brockville on to Prescott.

Or via steamer to Brockville, thence rail to Prescott Junction.

From Prescott to Ottawa proceed per rail, as mentioned in preceding route. See " Mon-
treal to Ottawa," per Grand Trunk Railroad.

From Suspension Bridge or Niagara Falls, per Great Western Rail to Toronto, and thenc«
Grand Ti unk Roilroad to Prescott Junction ; thence, rail. Or steamer from Lewiston or Nia-
gara to Toronto, and thence steamer on Canada side, or by the American line of steamers
from Lewiston and Niagora direct to Brockville or Ogdensburg.

THE UPPER RIVER OTTAWA.

A DESCRIPTION of the lower portion of the Ottawa we have given elsewhere, in a trip
from Montreal to Ottawa, leaving the river on reaching the town of Ottawa.

For an authentic description of the upper portion of this wonderful river, we annex par-
ticulars regarding it, from a report made to the House of Assembly, some time ago. The
description of the river which follows, commences at the source of the river, and proceeds
on towards Ottawa, till it reaches the point we left off at :

The length of the course of the Ottawa River is about 780 miles. From its source it
bends in a south-west course, and after receiving several tributaries from the height of
land separating its waters from the Hudson's Bay, it enters Lake Temiscaming. From its
entrance into this lake downward the course of the Ottawa has been surveyed, and is well
known.

At the head of the lake the Blanch River falls in, coming about 90 miles from the north.
Thirty-four mileii farther down the lake it receives the Montreal River, coming 120 milea
from the north-west Six miles lower down on the east, or Lower Canada bank, it re-
ceives the Keepawasippi, a large river, which has its origin in a lake of great size, hither-
to but partially explored, and known as Lake Keepawa. This lake is connected with an-
other chain of irregularly-shaped lakes, from one of which proceeds the River du Moine,
which enters the Ottawa about 100 miles below the mouth of the Keepawasippi, the
double discharge from the same chain of lakes in opposite directions, presents a phenom-
enon similar to the connection between the Orinoco and Rio Negro in South America.

From the Long Sault at the foot of Lake Temiscaming, 233 miles above Bytown, and
360 miles from the mouth of the Ottawa, down to Deux Joachim Rapids, at the head of
the Deep River, that is for 89 miles, the Ottawa, with tlie exception of 17 miles below the
Long Sault, and some other intervals, is not at present navigable, except for canoes. Be-
sides other tributaries in the interval, at 197 miles from Ottawa, it receives on the west
side the Mattawan, which is the highway for canoes going to Lake Huron, by Lake Nipis-
sing. From the Mottawan the Ottawa flows east by south to the head of Deep River
Reach, 9 miles above which it receives the River Du Moine frou' the north.

From the head of Deep River — as this part of the Ottawa is called — to the foot of Upper
Allumette Lake, 2 miles below the village of Pembroke, is an uninterrupted reach of navi-
gable water, 43 miles in length. The general direction of the river, in this part, is south-
east. The mountains along the north side of Deep River are upwards of 1000 /e«< in
height, and the many wooded islands of Allumette Lake render the scenery of this part of
the Ottawa magnificent and picturesque — even said to surpass the celebrated Lake of th«
Thousand Islands on the St Lawrence.

sea-

you
the

or sa

gulf

look!

theh

and

and I

THE UPPER OTTAWA— AND RIVER SAGUENAY.

Passing the short rapid of Allumettes, and turning northward, round the lower end ol
Allumettes Island, which ia 14 miles long, and 8 at its greatest width, and turning down
south-east through Coulonge Lake, and passing behind the nearly sinailar Islands of Calu-
met, to the head of the Calumet Falls, the Ottawa presents, with the exception of one
■light rapid, a reach of 60 miles of navigable water. Tlie mountains on the north side of
Coulonge'Lake, which rise apparently to the heiglit of 1500 feet, add a degree of grandeur
to the scenery, which is, in other respects, beautiful and varied. In the Upper AUumettea
Lake, 1600 miles from Ottawa, the river receives from the west the Petawawee, one of its
largest tributaries. This river is 140 miles in length, and drains an area of 2,200 square
miles. At Pembroke, 9 miles lower down on the same side, an inferior stream, the Indian
River, also empties itself into the Ottawa.

At the head of Lake Coulonge, the Ottawa receives from the north the Black River, 180
miles in length, draining an area of 1120 miles; and 9 miles lower, on the same side, the
River Coulonge, which is probably 160 miles in length, with a valley of 1800 square
miles.

From the head of the Calumet Falls, to Portage du Fort, the head of the steamboat nav-
igation, a distance of 80 miles, are iapassible rapids. Fifty miles above the city the Otta-
wa receives on the west the Bonechere, 110 miles in length, draining an area of 980
miles. Eleven miles lower, it receives the Madawaska, one of its greatest feeders, a river
210 miles in length, and draining 4,100 square miles.

Thirty-seven miles above Ottawa, there is an interruption in the navigation, caused by
8 miles of rapids and falls, to pass which a railroad has been made. At the foot of the
rapids, the Ottawa divides among islands.

Six miles above Ottawa begins the rapids, terminating in the Chaudidre Falls, Ottawa.

The greatest height of the Chaudi^re Falls is about 40 feet

TRIP TO THE RIVER SAGUENAY.

For about f 12, a trip can be enjoyed to and from one of the most magnificent districts in
Canada — where nature appears in all her wild and secluded grandeur.

Tourists take the steamer from Quebec, which sails generally every Wednesday.

To quote from one who visited this district, " You leave in the morning, and passing
down the St. Lawrence, put in at several places for passengers, which gives an opportunity
of seeing the habitans, and the old-foshioned French settlements of St. Thomas, River
Quelle, Eamouraska, and many others, together with Orleans Island, Crane Island, Goose
Island, and the Pilgrims. The north and south shores of the river are thickly studded with
parish churches, having spires of tin which glitter in the sun like shining silver ; these, and
the whitewashed farm-houses, form two objects characteristic of Lower Canada. By sunset
you arrive at River du Loup. The water is quite salt, and the river, expanding to the
breadth of 20 miles, gives it the appearance of an open sea; and it is much frequented as a
sea-bathing place.

" Here you remain all night on board, so as to be ready for an early start at dawn, when
you stretch across for the north shore, steering for a great gap in the mountains. This is
the mouth of the Saguenay, one of the most singular rivers in the world ; not a common
river, with undulating banks and shelving shores, and populous villages: not a river pre-
cipitous on one side, and rolling land on the other, formed by the washing away of the
mountains for ages : this is not a river of that description. It is perfectly straight, with a
sheer precipice on each side, without any windings, or projecting bluffs, or sloping banks,
or sandy shores. It is as if the mountain range had been cleft asunder, leaving a horrid
gulf of 60 miles in length, and 4000 feet in depth, through the grey mica-schist, and still
looking new and fresh. 1600 feet of this is perpendicular cliff, often too steep and solid for
the hemlock or dwarf oak to find root ; in which case, being covered with coloured lichena
and moss, these fi-esh-looking fractures often look, in siiape and colour, like painted fans,
and are called the Pictured Rocks. But those parts, more slanting, are thickly covered with

RIVER SAGUENAY.

Btunted trees, spruce and maple, and 1)ircl\, growing wherever they can find crevices to
extrnct nourishment: and the bare roots of the oalt, grasping the rock, have a resemblance
to gigantic claws. Tlie base of these cliffs lie far under water, to an unknown depth. For
many miles from its mouth, no soundings havo been obtained with 2000 feet of line, and for
the entire distance of 60 miles, until you reach Ha-ha Hay, the largest ships can sail with-
out obstruction from banks or shoals, and on reaching the extremity of the bay, can drop
their anchor in 30 fathoms,

" The view up this river is singular in many respects; hour after hour, as you sail along,
precipice after precipice unfolds itself to view, as in a moving panorama, and vou some-
times forget the size and height of the objects you are contemplating, until reminded by
seeing a ship of 1000 tons lying like a small pinnace under the towering cliff to which she
is moored ; for, even in these remote and desolate regions, industry is at work, and, although
you cannot much discern it, saw-mills have been built on some of the tributary streams
which fall into the Saguenay. But what strikes ono most, is the absence of beach or strand ;
for except in a few places where mountain torrents, rushing through gloomy ravines, have
washed down the detritus of, the hills, and formed some alluvial land at the mouth, no
coves, nor creeks, nor projecting rocks are seen in vhieh a boat could find shelter, or any
footing be obtained. The characteristic is a steep wall of rock, rising abruptly from tho
water — a dark and desolate region, where all is cold and gloomy ; the mountains hidden
with driving mist, the water black as ink, and cold as ice. No ducks nor sea-gulls sitting
on the water, or screaming for their prey ; no ' vwks nor eagles soaring overhead, although
there is abundance of what might be called .^agle Cliffs ;' no deer coming down to drink
at the streams ; no squirrels nor birds to be seen among the trees ; no fly on the water, nor
swallow skimming over the surface. It reminds you of

' That lake whose gloomy shore
iiky-lark never warbled o'er.'

».-*»

One living thing you may see, but it is a cold-blooded animal ; you may see the cold seal,
spreading himself upon his clammy rock, watching for his prey. And this is all you see
for the first 20 miles, save the ancient settlement of Tadousac at the entrance, and the
pretty cove of L'Ance a I'Eau, which is a fishing station.

"Now you reach Cape Eternit6, Cape Trinit6, and many other overhanging cliffs,
remarkable for having such clean fractures, seldom equalled for boldness and effect, which
create constant apprehensions of danj,ar, even in a calm ; but if you happen to be caught in
a thunder-storm, the roar, and darkness, and flashes of lightning are perfectly appalling.
At last you terminate your voyage at Ha-ha Bay, that is, smiling or laughing bay in the
Indian language, for ycu are perfectly charmed and relieved to arrive at a beautiful spot
where you have sloping banks, a pebbly shore, boats and wherries, and vessels riding at
anchor, birds and animals, a village, a church, French Canadians and Scottish Highlanders,
and in short, there is nothing can remind one more of a scene in Argyleshire.

"The day is now half spent; you have been ashore, looking through the village, examin-
ing into the nature of what appears a very thriving settlement; the inhabitants seem to be
all French and Scotch, understnnding each other's language, and living in perfect amity.
You hear that Mr. Price, of Quebec, is the gentlemen to whom all this improvement is due.
That it is he who has opened up the Saguenay country, having erected many saw-mills,
each the nucleus of a village, and that a trade in sawed lumber is carried on to the extent
of 100 ship loads in the season. The river i'^ navigable for ships as far as Chicoutimi, about
"70 miles from its mouth. An extensive lumbering establishment is there, and the timber
is collected in winter tlirough all the neighbouring country, as far as Lake St. John, which
is 60 miles further up, and is the grand source of the Saguenay.

'* After having seen and heard all this, you get on board, weigh anchor, pass again down
the river, reviewing the solemn scene, probably meeting neither vessel, boat nor canoe,
through all the dreary way, and arrive at the mouth of the river in time to cross to River

THE FALLS OF ' 'ONTMORENCL

dn Lmip, where 5011 nt^aiii tiiid a safe liiirbour for tlie night. Next dny you again pass up
tlif St. Lnwronce, stiip|iiiiu' for a slioi-t tiine at Murray Bay, a lieautiful grassy valloy on
the north sliore, mirrouiuliMJ l.y wtKHlfd iimuntains, and much fr.'queiitetl by Quebec fam-
ilies, as u batiiing ph»ce. \\n\ arrive at Quel)eo in the evening, tlms talcing just 8 days for
your excursion, at an expense of about $12."

FALLS OF MONTMORENCI, NEAR QUEt^' ^.

1 examin-
lem to be
It amity.
\t is due.
Bvr-mUlB,
|lie extent
.ni, about
lie timber
no, -which

Few gtranfters visit Quebec without going to see the Falls of Montmorencl. These Falls, which are situated
In a lieiiutiful nook of the Hvev, are hixher than those of N'iapara, hiing more than two hundred and tlfty
feet ; !)ut they are very narrow, being only some fifty feet wide. T'.iis place Is a very celebrated focus of
winter amusements. During the frost, the spray from the Falls aciumulates to such an extent as to form a
oone of some eighty feet high. There is al.«o a second cone of inferior altitude, and it is this of which visit-
ors njalve the most use, as being le.'^s dangerous than the higher one. They carry " toboggins," — long, thin
pieces of wood — and having arrived at the summit, jiiace themselves on these and slide down witli immense
velocity. Ladles and gentlemen both enter with equal s|)lrit into this amusement. It requires much skill to
avdld accidents ; but sometimes people do tumble heels over head to the bottom. They generally drive to
this .«pot in slelglis, taking tlieir wine and provisions with them; and upon the pure white cloth which nature
baa spread out for them, they partake of their dainty repast and enjoy a most agreeable pic-nic. One does
not fiel in the least cold, as the exercise so thoroughly warms and invigorates the system. The distance of
these Falls from Quebec is eight miles.

-57

►ain down
[or canoe,
[a to River

'**■•• II

OTTAWA.

OTTAWA, CANADA WEST.

The notoriety whicli this city, in onibryo, has received lately, first as being fixeil upon
as tlie seot of i?ovcrnnient for Cniiadn, and tlien ilecideil nj^ainst as such by the provincial
U'giMatiirc, — althougii it liad been acriuiesced in i>y Her Majesty as tlie most advisulde
locality — lias invested it with a signiticance wliicii, oliierwise, it would not, in all proba-
bility, have obtained.

Ottawa is the new name given to the town of Bytown, by which it has long been
known, as the centre of the immense lumber district of ihe Uiver Ottawa. It i^ situated
on tiiat river, where the Rivers Uidea and Gatinean, and the Rideau Canal, all meet.

The town is intersected by the Rideau Canal and bridge, ond forms three districts, viz.;
that of Lower Town, on the east; Central Town, on the west; ami Upper Town, on the
north-west; all of which, however, are on the south side of the River Ottawa, and in
Canada West, the River Ottawa, as is well known, forming the boundary line between
Canada East and Canada West. The town was laid out under the command of Colom-l Hy
of the Royal Engineers, who constructed, also, the Rideau Caiuil. Ilenec the originol
name of the town being colled Bytown — although now called Ottawa, after the niagiiiti-
eent river on which it stands.

The streets arc all wide and regularly laid out, and, so far, reflects great credit on the
engineering skill employed. Lower Town is the most important portion of the town, and,
in all probability, will become the chief bu^illess part, as the population and business in-
creases. The two principal streets of Lower Town are Rideau street and Sussex street.
In Rideau street there are several substantial, stone-built stores and dwellings. In Sussex
street there are also a few; the majority, however, are wooden erections, both old and
new. In Central Town the buildings are almost all of stone, presenting one excellent
street, called Spark street; whilst Upper Town exhibits a mixture of both stone and
wooden buildings in its Wellington street. All the buildings in the town are e.veeedingly
plain, but substantially built, ond, being built of gray limestone, resendile very much in ap-
pearance some of the streets of Montreal, as well as in the granite citj* of Aberdeen (Scot-
land). On " Barrock Hill," the highest elevation of the town, ore situated what are termed
the government buildings — the remains, however, we should soy, rather than of actual
buildings. There are a few snndl out-houses and ot*ices — which certainly do not deserve
the name of government buildings — with sundry small cannon, taking their ease on the
ground alongside of carriages, which have evidently seen service of some sort. These are the
"dogs of war," which ore intended, wo presume, to protect the town against all invaders.
On Barrack Hill is, however, also the residence of the chief military authority of the place.
The " location" of these buildings and the " gun battery" alluded to, is eertaiidy one of the
finest we have seen any where, either in Canada or the United States — equal, in some
respects, even to the famous citadel of Quebec. In the rear is Central Town, wliilst Upper
and Lower Town ore completely commanded by it on each side, whilst in front is a ]ire-
cipitous embankment running down, almost perpendicular, to the river, several hundred
feet, thus completely sweeping tlie river and opposite shore, north, east, and west; so that,
in a military point of view, Ottawa certainly occupies one of the finest natural jtositions any
where in Canada; and, in that respect, is the key to an immense territory of back country,
valuable for its wood and minerals.

The stranger, on visiting Ottawa for the first time, is apt to be disappointed that he
does not find a larger "city," and one more advanced, in nuiny respects; but it must be
lecollected that it has been forced into ])ublic notice from the cause we have already al-
luded to, and obtained a publicity, with which parties at a distance are apt to connect
wrong or exaggerated ideas; and if the town is not larger than it is, the fault re.sts as
much in the imaginations of individuals, as with the inhabitants, generally, of the town
itself, who, in the short time, since Bytown became a place of note, have been doing their
utmost to make it "go a-head." In the desire to do so, however, some of the landholders
there, we fear, by putting very high prices on their lots, and landlords refusing to give

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LOCKS 0\ HfDKAL* CAN'AL, OTTAWA.

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TOROXTO, CANADA West.

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ST. I..\WRENCE IIALr..

TORONTO, C.VNADA WEST.

KINO STREET (weST).

King street 13 the principal thoroughfare
in the city. It is fully 2 miles in length, and
with its many handsome stores and build-
ings, forms the chief promenade. Two of
the largest buildings in the city are in King
street, viz., St. Lawrence Hall, and the Rossin
House.

TO.NGE STREET (nORTU).

Yonge street rivals King street, in its busy
bustling appearance, and ahhough the stores
are not so elegant as some in King street, j'et
a large amount of retail buMness is trans-
acted in the section presented above.

As in most cities in the United States, the streets of Toronto are long and spacious, and laid
out at right angles to each other.

The principal streets for wholesale stores arc the lower end of Yonge street and "Wel-
lington street, whilst Upper Yonge street and King street are the chief streets for retail
business of all sorts.

We may mention that, with the exception of spaces here and there, tl»e pavements in
all tlie streets are of wood — planks laid across, and nailed down to sleepers.

The Provincial Legislature holds its meetings in Toronto, in the government buildings, a
cluster of red brick buildings situated at the west end of the city, close to which is the
residence of the Governor-General, Sir Edmund Walker Head, Bart., representative of Iler
Majesty in Canada.

The public buildings of Toronto are numerous, and some of them very handsome. We
have engraved, from photographs, four of the principal buildings, viz.: St. Liiwrence Hall,
Trinity CoHege, the Normal School, and Crown-lands Office, in which building is also
situated the xMeehanics' Institute, Osgoode Ilall, in Queen street, when com))leted will form
one of the finest buildings in the citj-. There the Superior CoOrts of Law and Equity are
held. Besides those named, the other public buildings of any note are the Post-office, the
new General Hospital and the Lunatic Asylum — the latter an immense building at the
western extremity of the city.

Toronto may well boast as being the city of churches in Canada, from the number of
elegant structures it contains, of all denominations. The two largest are the English Ca-
thedral and the Roman Catholic Cathedral, but both, being without spires as yet, do not
present that graceful appearance which even some of tlie smaller churches do, although
none, we should suppose, exceed the rich and handsome interior or comfortable accommo-
dation of the English Cathedral, as a place of worship.

Toronto has several manufacturing establishments, some of them extensive, and wliich, in
ordinary good times, turn over a large amount of business; the city, from its central posi-
tion, and the ready means of land and water carriage, now extended almost in every direc-
tion, affording great facilities for manufactures as well as merchandise finding their way
all over the country.

— ... „,,„„,,.^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^

raiXITT COLUSQE.

Tl>e above builJinc, j, ^^e of fK
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fi"«tintheci,v: "'"^^^^^""^-^t'^-^

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known ns fl e V , *''^ ^''=t«t'li.<Im,ent
«Ptem of p,.l.Io IV '^"'"^""•"'""J''o

As we have said T ^ ~

Tl.e ™ihv.,, .,„„,„„ ,, „ ""•"" »«'""J-. •l.l.o.gh ie „ay

THE UNrVTTPcr.,. .._ '''^ *° Coll,.gwood

THE UNIVERSITY, TOROXTO C W

Tn. foundation-stone of t^- ' ^^''^''^^' C. W.

drawn from the ITniversh,. p, f-^l'«"«e not to exceed «7snnnA*^ "'^ ^''^ Univer^it^t^

^I'-iglin ^"urnuninted bv fi "f' '"''"^ « '""^^^ive Xo,™rn T! ^ ?P^"« «" the Park £

t'- west side abS ^2. ^ ^^T' "^'^ ^'^ ^^ S- X '^L^'ir"^"^' ^'"' "^^^^
Ihe tfenera acconimM,l„*: ■ -^ " * side is 260 feet ntul

^•ith professors' rlnrStad r r. '"""P"^^'^ '" ^he lecture then. .

curator's rooms; senate ol, 'V "'"' '•^■"•"'"^' roo„ " m '' "1^^ "'"« class-room,

convocation hall present' rr""'! '^T"'^^-^'- ro^s « d' t !r 'n '•'"' P'-*^P«'-'"i"-' n^.d
<^""".-i.n and alLeeestrrap^ltS^ ---• ^""^-^^^0^3^^^

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KLN'OSTON, CANADA WEST.

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KINGSTON, CANADA "WEST.

view of the surrounding country is obtained. Tliese buildings, besides the immense ITull,
which is used on nil public occasions, and for concerts, etc., contain the common council
chambers, city offices, conmuTcinl news room, agency of the bank of British Nortli Ameri-
ca, temporary post-office, wholesale stores and w^aroiiouses, together with numerous otlier
offices, etc., which will give some idea of its proportions. Its average cost was one hundred
and twenty thousand dollars. The new " Court House and Jail," now completed, stands
next in order, and is, indeed, nn ornament to the city, the front elevation, with its six mag-
nificent pillars, being in Grecian Ionic style, and the design extremely chaste and elegant.
Its length is 208 feet, width 54 feet. The average outlay in its construction was nearly
ninety tliousand dollars. The lower story is designed for public offices, above wliieh are
the court and council rooms, consisting of the asi^izos and county court, the division court,
and county council rooms, etc. In rear are the Jail and jailer's dwelling, forming an extensive
wing to the main building. The other buildings of note are, the Homan Catholic Ciithe-
dral, and Regiopolis College; the General Hospital, Queen's College, the Grammar
i^chool; St. George's, St. Paul's, and St. James's Protestant Cluu-ches; St. Andrew's Church,
Irish Free Church, Chalmer's Church, Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist CSmrches, Con-
gregational Church, Baptist Church, Apostolic Church, and the old French Roman Catho-
lic Church, now used as a nunnery. The new Custom House and Post-office, recently com-
pleted, would be an ornament to any city. The chief public institutions are, the General
Hospital, House of Industry, Hotel Dieu, Mechanics' Institute, etc. There are two daily
newspapers — " The British Whig," the first dailj- published in Canada '\Ve^t, and " The
News ;" one tri-weekly in the Roman Catholic interest, the " Herald ;" and four weeklies,
the " Chronicle and News," the " British Whig," the " Commercial Advertiser," and the
" Tribune." One thing must not be overlooked in mentioning the lions of the city — the
Public Park, which, in a few years, will be a chief source of healthful recreation to the
citizens,

Kingston has long been known for its safe and capacious harbour, which is well
adapted to shelter a large fleet of vessels, besides having ^er twenty wharves, some of
them very extensive, and furnished with capacious warehouses and accommodations for
the forwai'ding t':ade. The shipping trade has long been a chief feature of the place. In
addition to the sliip j-ards at Garden Island, opposite, and at Portsmouth, at the extreme
west end of the city, there is the noted Marine Railway of John Counter, Esq., from all of
wliich have been launched the greatest number and largest tonnage of Canadian vessels in
Canada West. Kingston, in this particular, being only second to (iuebeo.

A branch railroad has lately been made across a portion of the bay below the Catarn-
qni Bridge, to connect w'ith the city from the main depot, coming in at the foot of Onta-
rio street, at the Tete du Pont barracks, and passing thence along the harbour to Shaw's
wharf where the branch or city depot is to be established. Kingston has, also, her Crj's-
tal Palace, at the outskirts of the city, in which the County Agricultural, Horticultural,
and other shows are held, and in which will be held the Provincial Association's great An-
nual Show for 1859. This is a large, handsome, and commodious building, which speaks
favourably for the public enterprise of the Kingstonese, and the yeomenry of the county
of Frontenac. Not the least remarkable evidence of the prosperity of the farming com-
munity, is the large markets in Kingston — larger, perhaps, than any others in Canada, and
attesting greatly in favour of the superiority of the land in the vicinity.

Kingston is well defended, judging from her martello towers, market battery, and ex-
tensive and commanding fortifications at Fort Henry and Point Frederick. Towards the
west end of the city are numerous handsome private residences, fronting on Lake Ontario.
Still further on is the private Insane Asylum, at " Rockwood." The Penitentiary, situated
on the lake shore, is a great attraction to strangers visiting Kingston. It is surrounded
with walls 30 feet high, with flanking towers, the whole covering an area of about twen-
ty acres. Inside the walls, the first building seen is of a cruciform shape, in one wing of
which is the hospital; in another, the dining-hall; above these, the chapel; and under-
neath, the asylum for the insane. The north part is the dwelling-house of the Warden
and other officers, with a beautiful garden attached ; the remainder being occupied as cells
for the convicts, who are all well cared for, and have, with their own hands, erected the
walls, worksliops, sheds, cells, etc. At the back, and next the lake side, are ranges of
workshops, where the surplus labour is let to contractors.

On the whole, Kingston seems to keep the even tenour of her way amongst the cities of
Canada West, with a creditable steadiness and perseverance; is said to be one of the most
healthy localities in the province; with a population of about 13,000. Kingston is repre-
sented in the Upper House by the Honourable Alexander Campbell, and in the Lower
House by the Honourable John A. Macdonald, the ex-Premier; the member for the county
being the Honourable Henry Smitli, Sjieaker of the Legislative Assembly.

The station of the Grand Trunk Railroad is about 2 miles from the city. Omnibuses
ply to and from it, in connection with the hotels.

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LONDON.

LONDON, CANADA WEST.

Like its nnmesake, the groat Babylon of EnglnnJ, Loiulon, C. W., is in the County of
jruUlk'sex, and also on the River Tliiimos, witli streets and bridges named after those of tli«
•Treat eity. There, however, the similarity ends. It possesses some excellent public build-
ings and eliurehes, and is situated in the centre of an extensive and rich agricultural dis-
trict, wliich furnishes it with a large iimount of trade in grain and other agriculliir;il |)ri>-
duce. rrcvioHs to the late connnereial panic, few places showed greater signs of progress
than London; in fact it went ahead too fast, like many other cities and towns, eoni-e(juently
it lias felt the revulsion all the more — and every de|iartment of business, nearly, has
suffered — to revive again, we hope, when business becomes more buoyant generally. The
town is lighted with gas, and sup|iorts as many as six newspapers, and five bank agencies
The streets are wide, and laid off at right angles. London is one of the prhicipal stations
on the Great Western Railroad of Canada, on the section from Ihimilton. toAVindsoi-, with
a branch to port Stardey, on Loke Erie, from whicli there is a regular steam communica-
tion with Cleveland, Ohio.

The soil in the inunediate vicinity of London, it is true, is siindy, and the country almost
a dead level, as far as Windsor; but you cannot travel many miles in a mirtliern or south-
ern direction, until you meet with an undulating country, and productive farms, wiiose
proprietors, of course, betake themselves to London for sale and purchase — for mart and
market.

Our representation of London is from one of several photographs, supplied to us by
Sir. E. H. Longman, of London, C. W., and, from the excellent manner in wiiieli tlu-y are
executed, we feel pleasure and confidence in saying, that the photographic art is well re-
presented there by Mr Longman — judging from the specimens he lias supplied to us.

HAMILTON, C. W.

.*i;- ^

■n.

Hamilton, one of the cities of Canada West, is situated at the south-western ex;tremity of
Burlington Bay, an inlet at the head of Laki- Ontario, and terminus of lake navigation.
The site on which Hamilton is built, occupies gradually rising grouml for aliout a mile and
a half from the shore of the lake to the base of the hill, calle<l the Jlountain, wliich rise?; rp
in the background. It was laid out in 181!i, and has spread with won<lert'ul riipidiiy — fiisur
than almost any otlier town in Canada. In 1841 the population was only about aSUO, while
in 1850 it had increased to 1(1,312, and now has reached to neai'ly ;;0,(Jti(

Hamilton is the centre of one of the most extensive and iiest agriculttiral portiiins of
Canada, and in its vicinitj* aVe to be seen some of the best cultivated farms, not long re-
claimed from the primeval forest

As in most American cities, the streets are laid out at right angles, and present a fine,
spacious appearance. The public buildings, banks, ehurclies and hotels, whicli are amongst
the finest in the province, are built of stone and bricV. Some of the merchants' stores excel
any thing of the same sort in Toronto, or c. en Montreal, and ai'c carried on by some of
the largest intporters in Canada, who do an extensive business throuirhout the country.

Tiie cl'.ief business streets — named King. John, James, York, and McXab streets — are
situated a considerable distance ba^-k from the shore.

The Gore Bank of Canada has iis head-quarters in Hamilton, in addition to wliich there
are five or six other Bank a'jencics.

Tiie finest and certainly most extensive view of the city is to be had from the Mountain.

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STn^ '^O'^MANs PATENT

SPRIWC BED

, t be.„g a Spring Bed and Hair MaUra«, .- '''' '^'^^'

eaat of

BROADWAY

vsvr

YORKL

BETW EEN

NEW YORK a BOSTON,

Via Newport and Fall River.

TIIK

'$tb fch, '§ost0u ^ Jfall llikr '§mt,

l)V TIIK WLKNDII) AM) SSIPKIlIOIl STKAMKHg

METROPOLIS, BAY STATE AND EMPIRE STATE,

Of great strength nnd speed, particularly adapted to the navigation of Long Island Sound, run-
ning in connection with the

FALL RIVER AND OLD COLONY RAILROADS,

a diittancc of fifty-three miles only of railroad to Boston.

Leave New York, from Pier No. 3, North River, near the Huttery,

The Steamer METROPOLIS, Captain Brown,

on Tucsday^<, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 5 o'clock v. m. in tiie Summer, and 4 r. m. in the Win-
ter, touching at Newport each way.

The Steamer EMPIRE STATE, Capt. Brayton,

on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, at "> o'clock i>. m. in the Summer, and 4 p. m. in the
Winter, touching at Newport each way.

The Steamer BAT STATE, Captain Jewett.

A Train of Cars, to connect with these IJoats at Fall Kiver for New York, leaves Boston every
afternoon from tlie Depot of the Old Colony and Fall River Railroad.

The Steamers of this Line arc fitted with commodious state-rooms, and every arrangement
for the security and comfort of passengers, who are afforded by this route a night's rest on
board, and on arrival at Fall River, proceed per railroad again, reaching Boston early on the
following morning.

A baggage master is attached to each steamer, who receives and tickets the baggage, and
' accompanies the same to its destination.

A steamer runs in connection with this line, between Fall River and Providence, daily, ex-
cept Sundays.

Freight to Boston is taken at the same rates as by other regular lines, and forwarded with
the greatest expedition, by an Express freight train, which leaves Fall River every morning
(Sundays excepted), at 7i o'clock, for Boston and New Bedford, arriving at its destination at
about 11 o'clocK A. M.

For freight or passage apply en board, or at the ofEcc on Pier 3, North River, where state-
rooms and berths may be secured. Hereafter no rooms will be regarded as secured to any ap-
plicant until the same shall have been paid for. For further information apply to

w t7:t-

' '' 70 and 71 l¥est street, IV. Y.

';?. ''^•''1

v*»

SPECIFIC Ul:MKI)^ FOR CONSrMPTION.
WINCHESTER'S

V CIKXI'INK I'HKI'UUTIKN of TIIK

HTFOFHOSPHnES OF LIME AND SODA,

[Tlio l)in(!ovL'ry »( Dr. .1. V. ('iimc'iiii.i,, of I'mis, | for tlio piovi'iilioii iiiiil rurc of

And ttfuc /or XcrroiiM IfimiiMri, /^i/xpt/niiii, /ii-hi/it;/, Anf/niiii, lironchitiK >»■>•' ij'ultr,

C/i/ni'iiyi", Fvmtih' ('i>iitj)liiliitn, d-i\

I Tlie e<triiiiiillii«ry it'Hiilts oUtiiiiieil In rll SIiixhh of I'liliihiinivy MlKeiiKe liy Dr. t lnnrtilirn new Treiitiiietit,
tlie lly,)ophoi|ililteii of Mini.- iiiiil ^>l)lla, it'iiinMiii hII rriiiiiiiiliiK ilmilit iih In llir liiRxllniiililo viiliiu of ttiii IIh
covery, Ooiiauinptloii 1:4 no InnKur In l>u n'^itrclud iik iin liinintlili- nmludy.

Special Effects of the Treatment.

'Pie llypophoi«|>lilt«f« liiivi; » iwnloM ami ijii lllc Hcllun : on Ihc oin' loinil, lliey Increuie the I'rir.clpltf,
wlmtt'vi'r Ihikl niiiy be, wlilcli CDnstltiilcN ni'i-vo.in for'-e ; iiml, on llii! oIIkt, Ihey ar«! th« nioHt powerful lilood
KcnerHlliiK iH««il", f>iv »ii|>t-'i'lor to any liitlo'ilo known. Tlieir |iliy»loI()){lcttl elTeelK are »linwn liy an Incronse
of ncrvons power, noniellTneit even from the tlrHt day of their aiiinlulHtratlon, together with atl uiiusiinl
feeiUiK of comfort iind Ktreni/lli. The ni-rvoM Hyniptoniji, If tliere have been any, illaappear, n* well «h the
functional (luranK<'nient«, such in weight, Ar., of the Inle^tltml nmcotiit Durfiice. The appetite Iricreiiiteit,
often in nn extram'dinary nninner. The evacuations become rcKular and more abundant; the peniplratlonii,
If they have existed, ceu<c ; sleep becoiUfS calm anil profound.

UIM ll^>«TKH'S 4;K\1'I\I-: pbki»\h\tio\.

Ih put up in lartje bottles wllli the folhovlnti words ti/oiin hi the j//iIhm, Dr. ,1
I'llO.SI'inTKS OK I.IMK .\ND OK HODA. .1. WINt'llKSTKIt, NKW YOltK.
f'llcMiiiillif slKiiature. .No other is (rcnulne.

j:iir"The I'hospinitesor "Cheiuicai Kood" si. cillfdl aio radically dKf'rent from the llypoplnispldtes, and
can in no cases lie used as substitutes. Hear this I'lict In ndinl. No preparation contnlnlnKiriMi can lie used
without daiiKcr of inliannuailon and hemorrhiiKC. No oilier druK or medicine should be combined witli the
llypophosplilles, or uned at the same time. This Is tlie only remedy that will cure.

{3!f" 5'rlce, $!i.OO, or three boltics for iji.'.(Ki, with full directions for use. fhiKlp bollleti, In cnnceutrated
solution, sent by mall, when specially ordered. I el no one deceive you, but purchase and uio only " Win-
chester's Preparation." Bold wholesale and retail at. Hie ,>>ole tieneral Depot In the I'nlted Stales, where <ir-
culars and />/'. (Ihurchill'x il </■/• on ruHHitiiij/tinii may be obtained, on remlttlnif 12 cents, l,>r pnstiiK''.

Addr<>Ks J. WIIMC^IIKKTIBK, a:i John »iiti'<>4>t, New York.

-'--, SStnter €\m iiiib |)D5cio-CI;crii|Jcntit College.

K. i'iiriu'iiii.i.'s iivi'o.

Kach bottle hus aUo my

I This cumniodlous
estublishiuent has ac-
vomuiodation for One
Hundred persons. It
Is located in the busi-
ness jiart of the city,
yet it is (pilet and airy,
being adjacent to tlic
beautiful promenade
of St. .lolm's Parle.

No. 15 LAIGHT STREET, NEW YORK.

RESIDENT PHYSKJIANS

R. T, TRAT.L, M. D

r>. A. GORTON, M. D.

Cancers arc treated successfully on a new plan, comliininjt cauter|y:ation ami conKcIation. Kvery variety
of J)y8pc))tic, Hhcuiiiatic, Neiiraijiic, I'aralytic, Consumjitive, and Nervous* Alfections, are treated witfi
remarkable success. Stiuknts are educated for llygelo-Therapeutic Practitioners and llvaUh-Kcform
Teacliers and Lecturers. Ample facilities are provided for a thorough medical course of study.

Persons visiting New Y(u-k on business or pleasure will Iind this Institution an agreeable IIomk, and a
JlK.\Lri!r resort durinu tlicir stay in the city. Tliey will be accommodated witli a strictly Pliysiological diet.

Pkicks. — Patients are charged i{:.'>, examination fee ; full treatment witli board, from 17 to 15 jier week,
accoriling to room. Pkhshnknt Ho.iiidkks, from iji5 to HI per week. Tk.vn.'Siknt lloAHiibjn), from $1 to $1.50
per day. Pkkscbiptions, for home treatmeui, verbal or by letter, |."i. Kach subsequent letter or advice, $1,
Tickets to the Lectures : Summer course, ♦•M) ; Winter, $75. Payatilc in advance.

At Ihi- Institution,
Diseases are treated
on strictly llygleidc
Principles. Kspecial
nttention is given to
tlie management of
Uterine Discuses nml
KlsptacemenUs.

%g.

Kntered according to Act of Congress, In tlie year IS.")!), by Alk.v.^nukr IIvutuii.i., In the Clerk's Office
of the District Court of tlie Cuited States for tlie Soulhern District of New York.

.f^ir"-

NEW YOBI£ <'AHPKT MNIIV<>I CJOITIPANy,

SOLE Mniiurnctiirrr of lUilNrMUToM'ii I'atiiiit (tNriir l.iNiNii, n miliiltlutA for Puprr, HtrAW or nny nihcr
artlcit uifil for litylnK under Carpetii, Oit'Clolhii, Ac, It proifcl* IIih <'«rfirt rriim th« iiHll-h««ilt or
•ny uiiDvriineH In tli« Uoori, In R iiuilllnr nf Koiitid, mul In witrrantfil to adil nriy per oeiil to tlia tluralilllty
of ('•rpcta or Oil-Cloth, Kur aitie itt Miiy of llir |iiiiii'l|iHl I'lirpot Slom. aIko iuaiiiir«clureri of

Harrlngton'a New Mlllinot 'Wadding,

(I'ateiit applied fur) a ■iiliiilltule for glkiad Wmldliiir. Tiillori, ('np Maki^r*, Furrlera, <kiv, are Invited to rnll
and examine at the ialeirooni, No. (t'i WAKKKN HTUKKT, Norllieaiit corner ColltKe I'Ihcp, opponile lliid-

ion Klv«r Kallroad Depot.

llarrtiiKton'i I'reiiiluin Hulti con^iintly niiiiiuraclurlMK.

J H lltRHI\4JT»V

.'Varnt

NEW ILLUSTRATED aUIDE BOOKS.

JuhI M'ubllHhed. i't-Ue 45 CettlH fach.

The iMlNltlNHippl, tVoin St. raiil to Nt'W Orltiinn, ^utll <I('iH>ri|iliiiiiit of cvprv city, towu,
mid villn^i^ tliroiiirlioiit. tlx' ciitiiv litif^tli of iIm' roiitf. WHIi 80 i(ivcr Cliaili
ft'iiinn Kiii'vt'V iiiiiiK! ill 1858, and 10 Kiiirntviiii^n of llic principal citicaconifoctt-d
witit iti» tr«<i« nnd coinnicrcc I'lice 'ib ccntx.

ThO 9t» Ijlt%vr«*IIC6 — in oiif ^rnnd I'anoraniii; View, from NinijRru to Quebec — en-
fjfavcd tVoiii tlip ciinrtA of tile Canadian f{ovcrnni«'iit, showing tlic r!vcri«, lnkci«,
rapidn, fal1i<, citicx, and town'* tliroiii^liont tlic route of itoo nitlee— witii letter-
i>rei<» l)<*erij>fit>nn and Kngravingf* of Kccncs on tln' St, Lawrence, the Tlioumnd
iHlandM, and all the cities in CanadM. I'rice 'iH cento.

The Hudson — (^atdkill Mountain^>, Saratui;!), Lake rieorge, Lake Clianiplain nnd CU<|^
of New York. DcHcrilied and illininitcd with fifty iCngravinj^s of tlie clioicest
^'oencrt and places <if interest eoiineeted tlierewitli. Trice *i') cento.

NlttSai'*^ and l¥hlte ITIountninN, to;j!etlier with Trenton, (ienci<eo, and Munt-
niorenel Falln, City of liueliec and battle-ground, ilhi!*truled in a series of
thirty-four engraving* of the scenery of thoKc world-renowned dintrlet*, wKli
copious lettcr-|»re!<s descriptions i.f each plnee noticed.

Tlie above works have been got up in the best i»tyle in every respect. ThcengravingHaro
from photographs nnd pencil (bawings, and ar<- faithful represcntatioue of each place uitd
object. The}' are executed by fonie of the best engravers in the llnltod Htntes.

The letter-press nnd paper are of the best — as orders for single copies will testify. Tliey
arc offered ns the best illustrated, best printed, niont reliabh", and latest guide-books to tlie
respective districts.

To be hud of all biMikscllers and newsmen throughout llif United Stntea uml Cannclns.
Copies mailed free — on receipt of the price — by Alex. Ilarlhill, publisher, 20 North William
street, New York.

The trade supplie'l l>y Ross A Tousey, H. Dexter & Co., llendriekson, lllake & Long,
New York ; Peterson lirothcrs, i'liilndelphia : lirown, Taggard ifc Chase, IJoston ; .1. C Mor-
gan, New Orleans; L. liushnell, 8t Ixtuis; MeL<-nr tt ('o., Toronto ; H. Dawson & Son,
Montreal.

GENUINE

:i»ii]:«i

:CK & CO. CHAMPAGNE.

Supericiffli^^

e
3

le-
gs

Sole Importer in the United States & Canada.

L. E. AMSINCK, 82 Pearl Street, New Tork.

Sole t^gent fof ff^hlowp IMnrmony''H Sherries^ Cruse and W^tltt

M'rereH^ Claret JW*inea,

^£

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