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Thoae too large to be entirely included in one expoeure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand comer, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illus'^rata the method: Un dee symboles suivants apparaitra sur la demlAre image de cheque microfiche, seion le caa: le symbols — » signifie 'A SUiVRE ", le symbols "7 signifie "FIN". Las cartes, planches, tableaux, ate, pauvent dtre filmte i dea taux de rMucticn diffirents. Lorsque le docunr..^nt est trop grand pour ^tra raproduit en un seui ciichA. il est film^ di partir de i'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche k droite, et de heut en baa, an prenant le nombra d'imagea ndcassaira. Lea disgrammes suivants iliustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 If 075-^ Ji REPORT - ^^ • OK ^-to COLONIZATION ROADS f=^ vv IN LOWER CANADA, FOR THE YEAR 1861. ^f 'h '■ BY BOCJCHER DE LA BKUERE, ESQ. J i/ QUEBEC: FEINTED BY HUNTEB, KOSE & LEMIEUX, ST. URSULE STREET. 1862. I / I ■ i I REPORT ON FOR THE YEAR 1861. Officb of the Inspector of Agencies, UFFICB ot ^^ Hyacinthc, let March, 18o2. „f,AcThcn«,Bou^cMn.p»cto-^ ,„ the omtac. loss wc have to deplore 1 tcel it -"^ "^ J ^^^ g^ ^f Colouization. services rendered by thi« lamen ed Z^f^'^^'^'^^ll^^Z directed towards the Hcttkment of The effort* of that honorable '^^^''''^'^^^^^/^^^^ 1 owe it to his memory to bear ,he children of the home-popula^^^^^ ^F'^.^'^'drus duties that he contraeted the d« T?St^stTS^rt:^^rtss.^^^^^^^ miles and 6$ arpcnts. u„„;^o« 15 miles and 22* arpents previously opened, Ofthis,9/mile«a«d27*arp^^^ ,„, 22 aVnt« o^ ^'^^^^y "^'^"- have been completed, thus giving a total oi ii „..":oS"S rrotr^^^^a ope.e. ,.cc ISM, U . M^_^ In 1854 ;•;;; 242 » 1855 ,J79 *' 1856 [2761 " 1867 *.'... .IIOJ " 1858 ....133i «' 1859 174J " 1860 ,176i •' 1861 : . 1634i xttilce, or R44i kioguex * COLONIZATION ROAD:; IN LOWER CANADA. The amount paid to the conductors of works for the opening of these 1634i miles of road, less the balance remaining in hand, was 8372,690 00. 1 I^ :7 ''"^''"ct <"|0,„ this amount Mie sums expended in the cicetiou of a number of large bridges built independently of the roads, and which altogether have cost vUlO.lOS 00 we have a balanc! ol S353,492 00. which has been oxpondcd in the opening of Coloniza' lion Koads, includiug ordinary brido-cs. The cost of these 1634J miles of road has been, upon an average, about gi210 a niile 11 w(( look buck upon the past eight years, wo shall be astonished (o sec how -rcat the progress ot CO onization has been throughout the country in that time, couseoueut upon the opening ot roads in the Townsuips. The efforts of the Govcrnmont have been seconded by private enterprise, and the settlers themselves have not hesitated to make sacrifices in order o ayor the opening of the roads. From the beginning, not only laymen, but also .several ol the clergy might be seen directing the settlcnj in their first operations without desiring any remuneration for their time and trouble. Their example had a salutarv effect, since it shewed the importance of the settlement of the country bv the children ol the soil ; lor evidently these sacrifices were made solely for the benefit of their fellow- countrymen. Great numbers of settlers hastened therefore to establish themselves alonir the newly opened roads, in many cases going several miles into the forest in advance of the workmen, in hopes that the roads would be continued as fur as their settlements J^or some years past the public has been so fully convinced of the real value of land in the lownships, that many farmers from the old parishes have been known to sell their ••oraiortablc homesteads in order to come and settle upon these new lands. Formerlv such localities were selected by none but the man of .straitened means, who devoted all his powers to the hard task of clearing his land. If sufficient sums are voted by the Legislature for the opening of now roads, there can be no doubt but that in a few years the Townships will become a mine of wealth to the country • lor the prospeuty of the United States, and even of Upper Canada, may be traced (0 their newly c eared land; flouv, wheat and corn arc principally derived from the West, in other words, trom land more or less new. Another great proof of the daily iucrcasiug importance of the Townships, owing to the opening o ne Colonization Roads, lies in the fact that in 1850, two years mily after the ueation ol this office, the ecclesiastical authorities had already j.rovided for the erecting of -- chu.-ches in the vieiuity uf the newly-opened roads. in fl,i?ln!!f* •''''*i«M°"''«T ''',' ^^''^ !^«f» c'-outly lavored by the Legislative reforms in thiMuatter since 1854. lJcf.,re that period, the wealthy landed proprietors of the Town- ships, for the most part unknown, and many uf them foreigners, had proven the principal '^nd bv"? IV : m" '"''"' '' "•'■ '''''^'' h' d^»"-»eople do not hesi- tate to s:.y, tha had tie Kinogami road been completed three years ago, the County of ( hicoutimi would now have a population great.n- bv some (5 or 7000 souN ^ A colony ol .he yr>u(h of the ]iarish of lieauport, influenced by the zeal and patriot- 'Z^,^'\^!!^"VT'''"'''''T '"'.f^' "P*^" '""^^^ "' *''« Townships of Simirdand The?e m ff ^"^^^•'•"'"^'it would open roads in the direction of their settlements. 1.. d .t ' 1 • ^^'l^Vr"'^' se tler.s are m the midst of their operations, and are working join tltil this i;"n? ■ "" ^^'"^' '^P''^ " '''"^'^ "^■"^'^" '^' ^''^^•' >«""S »»«" t« r„V.r?'l'l'w^;'''' '/'""^i ^'' '^"f'^"''"^'-^^^ ."! ''"^<^'' t" i'^di.ee other panshes to follow the lead S^i^;""^ = ''" ^^^«"\'h^ vising ^cuoration to uhmdon all idea of expaimtiou. finwe tho npeninp of the road thionQ-h tTio Township, of Sottrlnfiton .»nd do 8(ilo«., i« COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. Ill the County of Charlevoix, the land in both these Townships has all been taken up, and for the njost part olcarcrl. , , „, i ■ .lo.,-. On the St. Maurice, the parishes of St. Stephen and Shawenagui, upcncd in l»-rj. and St. Flor.', opened in ISoG, now have a population ot'3;>70 souIp. If the St. Maurice lloud should be opened next summer as far as the llivcr Matawin, and if the Governmcut .should make iree grants of .and upon that road, it is Mr. Dubord's opinion that there will eertainly be, next autumn, an unintorruptod line of scttlemcntf uloui; the whole road fnim Le.s Piles to the Hiver Matawin. In the Ctiunty of St. Maurice, Mr. JIaguan Myn that i!ie (•■doui.'^l.s luivc iottlca upon lands three niiK-s in advance 6f the spot where the works under hi.s direction were .stopped. In the county of Maskinonc6. traces of ircu mines have been found on the new Hark River (ricir.re ifux ecnrcr^) road. The population of those localities has doubled since 1857 The proyres.^ of colonization has been voi^v rapid in the Township of Joliette._ Six years ago the're was not a single settler there ; a' the present time, it has a population of 360 souls. The population of the north-east part of Brandon has increased by 1000 iluring the last few years. , , n In the County of Ottawa, the "Wakefield and Portland lload runs through the hnest land for agricultural purposes in Lower Canada. The north-eustern part of Wakefii-ld has been nearfy all sold by the local agent within the space of a twelvcmontb. Indications of copper, lead, and iron mines are to bo found in tiie vicinity of this mtd, and more than 400 families have settled in these Town.ships within the last two years. In the Township of Matapedia, in the County of Uonaventurv., a t,ettlement Oi upwards .)f 100 families has been made, which is in a prosperous condition. The population of the Township of Viger, in the County of Teniiscouata, which in 1851 only amounted to -M* souls, was found in 18Gi to reach 1000 or 1100. In th(> County of I'lslet, young men crowd to^'/ards the Townships, and on the Elgin iind Tache lloads tlie demand ihr land greatly exceeds the hn depends :ho poor set- eflFects have ir transpovt. During laqt who told m» Kinogami Road — Second Sectim. Conductor —Theophile Boulliane. Appropriation ior l86l Amount expended $100 100 The section of the Kinogami Road which extend.s from River -f^^^l^^J-^j^^J^Ji^^Se des Roches had had the timber upon it remov-ed some Tf " "=« ' J^^^^^ J^";^^^^^^ however were left. Having been for some time left m this state, tbe ^'^'^/'^'I^Yj^ ' "T . many places attained a height of fifteen feet, so that it became neoes«.ry t. do the work ^^^^Srs^Sd^H^:' l:ir:iSrtport of Dr. Ma.in, has be.n done in a .ti. '"'7rortroV'o'rt'rd;.'Ch^ to the Bridge of Beau Portage, now in course of oon^ "'^ *: tTtd^iay^^y t made, there ),eing only three inconsiderable hill. Mr Mart'n reports that tho lands are adapted for agricultural purpose.^. Bridge over the Bivierc an SaUf Contractor— Ephr AIM Tremblav Amount appropriated in ISiiO expended in 1S61 J5500 OO 000 00 Although the first appropriation of 8400 was not sufficient to build this b"d8«' it WM decided to Ixpnd it in Srawing the lumber necessary for its coustructiou^ ^td M "e wr.Tntered into to that effect between the Municipal Council of Chicoutimi and Mr. b. m ,vu„ „«^ ♦I,* fjmbnr has heen delivered on the spot and acceptea. ^ Another;umoF«i00"was "afterward, appropriated fr drawing sU>ue tor tue bndge. " COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWBR CANADA. The bridfro has been verbalizeil by JIunicipal nuthority. • Bnilijv at Bert a Por/a>/f Amonnt appropriated in 18(jO .... «j4yo oo cxpetulcd in 18G1 ... 40O 00 The sum appropriated tor the construction of this bridpe over the river Chicoutiuii has been expended in tho completion of three cribs, each 33 feet in leneth "C feet in breadth, and about 17 feet in heigiit. ^ ' The contract was given by the Municipal Council of Laterriere to 3Ir. Ilypo'ite Du- lour, whose work has been accepted by experts appointed for that purpose. Ihig brideo IS verbalized. If Si/denham Road. Conductor — Joseph Fortin. Balance of appropriation in 1860 - Appropriation 1801. - - .. . ^275 00 400 00 A . , , ^675 00 AiiiOunt expended 575 no i:ffi.,^U ■/'°'^'° '''' ^f^f '''■'° ^'P'"*' i^ ^\''' '■°"'^' '^*"*^'» P««s^« through a swamp very d.fficult drain. He has ro-oonstructed u bridge which had been damaged by tie ice^ J.! LJL TTf V '''T' "",^ '^'&. ''"Pr^vemcnts a'ong that part of The road which has been completed .Now that the drains are made on each sidJ from one end to the other, and that outlets ha\-x) been constructed at diflFerent points, Mr. Fortin thinks that the work may be completed for u moderate amr .t. Along that part of the road which i,. in the neighbourhood of Bugotsvilln, there are 000 feet of trenches on each side, exca a od m he claj to a depth of (5 or 8 feet._ As these are constantly filling up by the fallin' In acc*den?s.'' " ^'""^ ^"^ '"''' *^''"' "P' ''^"'^ *^*"' "'"^^ *"''" ^'^^^^^^ «»'^ «^«"' a new^iaiS^^^^^ '" '^'" '' '' ^'^'''^'''^ «* *^« -^ ^'^^^ -d, and also the road' ''^'""'''^ *''"^ '^ '""" '^ ^^^^ ""'" ''' '"'^"•'"'^ ^^ """^P'^^"^ ^^''''^ ^^^''^^ and linish Nearly all the lands along the line of this road arc settled ; much is partly cleared and produced -m abundant crop of oat;i last summer. ^ ^ tieareci, una It is surprising to sec the change effected in this swampy land by means of the drain • Sr the pTugh ^'"■' "'"'''^ ^'^''' '^' '''^ ^''' ^''"'^" » ^^«^' «^^^ '^ -- '''-V -'''"fit cwn»,^i'' J'^'J^'^.'^J''* *^!f '^ 't were possible to make another road at th. upper part of this wamp about three miles west of the existing one, there would at once bo pr.ontod fo colonization an nnmcnyo extent of the finest lands in the Sa-ucnay The Price Road. Conductor— A.mhuoisk Cagnon . Amoujt appropriated in 1801 - "■ expended §500 (M) 352 91 ^^'^D-e - - >5147 00 The by-road from the River Saauenav to the front ma,i i.«f«r.„„ ♦i,^ a,x, „„j .to- range, of the Township of Tremblayhaa had 36 arpen^ :>Tts rength eompleTed ir? BGL I COLONIZATION BOABS IN LOWXR CANADA. $ This long by-road, 4 J miles in lonffth, may now bo used by wheeled vchiolea for 124 arjwntfl, leaving about eight to complete, 'Toicb, however, are practicable for winter vehicles. In the lowlands, the road hais cost on tho average ?300 per mile, acd on the higlilandH about $220 per mile. Three bridges b; vo been erected containing in tho whole 102 feet of bridging, wliich hrtvc cost 890. This road presents great advantages for colonization. The Kettlera, who arc nu^uerous, have cleared considerable extents of land along that part of ^ho road which is opened, and have even made clearings on theGth and V th ranges of Trcmblay, in which tha road is only traced. At the distance of about two miles from the base line of the Township of Trcm'olay, are two lakes of considerable size which discharge into th j river Valin. These lakes abound in fish ; trout have been taken in them twenty inches in length. The lands around these lakes and in their vicinity aro of superior qnality, and tho persons who go there to Csh sav that they have seen no finer lands in tho whole Sague- nay territory. These fine lands extend to a eonsidciablc distance iu rear of the Townships of Seward and Trcmblay. Mr. Gagnon gives the following iufcrmation in his report. " A number of habitans ibrming part of u (>oloniration Society established at 1 .auport, came here this autumn ; they took up a good many lots in Seward and Trcmblay, and begun clearing. Some of them are located in the 8th and 9tn ranges of Trcmblay, iu the hope i^ ^i tho Govern- ment will extend that road so far. Our settlers from Beauport arc very wc. satisfied with the place and the quality of thi soil, an' say that a number of new settlers will como and join them next spring. Several of them oave told me that before establishing thonisolves, they had examined several other localities, and that they had seen no be vcr lands than those they were then on. " There are three water powers in these two Townships; one on the Iliver Caribou, another on the Riviere aux Vases, and the third in the 10th range of Trcmblay. " There is a fine limestone quarry extending a distance of three miles across tho 3rd and 4th ranges of Seward and Trcmblay, another, half a mile square, exists in tho tenth range of Trcmblay. " The River Shepchat which passes nine miles in rear of these two Townships, flows for the distance of a mile through a bed of calcareous limestone, the fissure through which it passes being so narrow as to have tho appearance of being cut by the hand of man." Mr. Gagnon says that since this road has been commenced, the number of lots which have been taken up is very considerabls, and that colonization is making rapid progress. The population of these Townships has doubled during the last five years. The crops have been abundant, and have in no instance suffered from frost. This road is verbalized. Anse Ht. Jean Road. Conductor — L. E. Otis. Balance of appropriation of 1860 - Amount appropriated in 1861 Amount expended . . - . S7 60 300 00 55307 60 300 00 Balance $7 60 The fine Township of St. Jean, to which at tho present time many s^Ltlers are direct- ing their steps, is only accessible by water. The Anse St. Jeaa Roaa, when completed as far as the St. Agnes Road, will open a communication between that locality and tho old settlementa of the St. Lawrence and Upper Sagucnay. The extent of road completed in 1861 is one mile throe arpeata cad six chains ; fear arpenta more aro almost completed. This added to the length completed last year.^, gives 2 milcp twelve arpenta and six chains rb practiqable for gummcr vehicle.s, o it 10 COLONIZATION ROAD& IN LOWEk CANADA The cost of the road in about SS50 per mile. .Several fiinall bridges have been con- structed, and a hill of Bome magnitude cut tlirougli. The poil tlong the road is clayey and adapted lor cultivation, will, the exception of two miles at its junction with the St. Agnes Road, where the land is low and swampy. The timber along the road consisfs ibr the most part of cedar, maple, black birch, ash, (amarac, beech, and pine in great abundance. '* I have found," says Mr. Otis, " near the road, about a mile and a half from I lie river Sacueiiay, a spring containing a In.rgc quantity of iron pyrites. "The population of Anse St. Jean has increased vc considerably during the last fcxT years. Three years ago there were only lif'tcen families ; there arc now about 86. •'A chapel and tipresbytire have been erected, and a priest was stationed there in Novem- ber last. A municipality was organized there, schonl-houscs built, and n po.^t ofiicc opened." COUNTY OF 8A0UENAY. lioad ffoin Anse. a I'eau Iv Bcnjeronncs. Conductor — Rieuls Roulmank. Appvcpriatiou of i860 Do. of 1861 JjiloO 00 300 00 8450 00 Amount f'i-Bbur.fed .*---. 450 00 This road has bai ; opened as a winter road to a distance of thirteen miles, f-clvc of which are in the Township of Tadousac and one inBergcronnes, where it connects with the road wliich Mr. Tctu finished this year. Thirteen bridges, havingan aggregate length of 287 feet, have been built at an expense ofi584. Mr. BouUiauc in his Report to this ofiice makes the following Ktatcmcuts : — " The soil of the tract between Anse a I'eau and River Bando, which is four miich in extent, is excellent; the lots have all been taken and many of them have been .sowed this year. The good land contiuues along the St. Marguerite Valley, up the River Raudo, and it is my opinion that if the St. ;Mar'!;ucritc Road connected with that from Tadoussac to Bergcronnes at its fuurth mile, the advantage which would accrue to colonization would bo great. From the iburth to tlie tenth mile, mountains and lakes are met with ; in the gul- Itys white and black birch, cedar, tamarae, and fir are ibund, I"\om the tenth mile to the River Bergcronnes the road passes uvcr the farms of the settlors on tiie south-west side of the V'ver, which arc of superior quality. This road is of girat u.-c to tras-ellers and set- tlers; it is impossible to travel in carriages by any other route. " Thorp arc two water powers on the River Baude and the littlr River Bergcruuuea. " The crops in the-ic parts consisted of wheat, rye, and barley. Tlic potatoes wrro not diseased. The first frostsonly oco'irrcd at the end of October." Mr. Houlliane estimates that a sum of 88000 will be neccs'i.'ivy to complete this road. COUNTIES OF OIIICOUTIMI AND CHARLEVOIX. Rood from St. Vrhain to Grande Daic Conductor— J. Ovipk Tremulay, Balance of the appropriation of ISOO - - - S5 52 Appropriation of 1861- - - . - Do. in 1860 for the Bridge over tho River Malbaie 1500 00 1000 00 .Amount disbursed 62505 62 2324 00 Balance rcmainiuft ... . . 3181 52 this r«ad, the principal m«aii« of communication between Quoheo and tV Upp«i' i i "OLOKIZATiON ROADS TK LOWEfl CANADA. 11 se been con- cxccption of ; swampy, k birch, ash, ilf from the ring tlic.lafet lOut 86. rein NoYCiu- 5cc opened." J.S, f-clvc of eta with the t Jill expense our uiilch iu 1 sowed thif! Baudo, and [(idoussac to on would bo ill the gul- luilc to the west side of Icrfi and sol- rgcroijues. )0!< wrro not te this road. SaKuenay, is now completed to a distance of ubotat 49 or 50 miles. About 11 miloa atiU remain to be completed, but this piece may however be travelled m winter vehicles In 1861, three and a-half miles of this road were finished and 50 chains were cleared- The road, exclusive of the bridges, cost 8326 a-railc. , ., , i- Thirty-eight bridges, having a total length of i20 feet, have been built; the cost oi ' *^^\he wood required for the bridge oror the River Malbaie wu.s contracted for, and has been delivered on the spot. The quality of the soil through which this road passes is tolerably good. The wood i. very fine and lofty, especially iu ^ho^^o'^f «'«°^' J? jVom Lake Ha ! Ha ! to within about 7 miles of the first settlements of Orando Baie. The soil "in this part is also of superior quality. „ , ,. r, i This road will be favorable to the speedy settlement of the Upper Sagueuay j nearly all the surveyed lands on the Lower Saguonay are taken, r.nd signs of clearing may be seen nearlv everywhere along the road. , , , i i The various kinds of grain grown in the neighborhood of the road are peas.Jjarley, wheat, and rye. The crops thi.s year did not suffer from Iroat. x\\^ Uppov COUNTIES OF SAGUENAY AND CHARLEVOIX. Road from Black River U, the moath of tht Saguenax/. Conductor — John .McLaren. Balance of oppropriatijn, 1860 - - - - 86 o- Amountof do. 1861 - . - - 400 00 §406 52 Amount expended 406 52 Three thousand and six arpents have boon completed this year upon this road, and it (•an now be used for summer vehicles over an extent of five miles. There remains atsll to be finished an extent of 16 miles, viz : 4 miles in Callifires, and I'l miles in Sagueuay. Twelve bridges have been constructed at a cost of S125. Thi.s road has cost about 8400 per mile. Mr. McLaren, in his report, tiuia expresses himself:—" The soil along the road, as well a.s in the interior, is a yellow loam, and is very suitable lor agricultural purposes." On the wholo extent of the road, places accessible by water arc immediately settled, and lots have been taken up ).iy settlers even in advance of the completed part of the road. Water-powers arc numerous, and of extraordinary strength. The crop has been ex- cellent, and ha" not been damaged either by frost or insects. The setilersare full of hope, and all' they require to onnblo them ro o.stablish their children in the vicinity, is the con- struction of colonization roads. , • • • i The infoimuti.iu which follows on the stale of agriculture and colonization on the river Sanuonav, is IVom tho pen of David E. Price, Esq , M.P P., and I have found his suggestioiis so 'interesting that I have lousidcrcd it my duty to insert them in i\m Ueport. Mr. Price writes as follows: — '' As I have already informed you, tho crop of last year produced but little on account of the wot season ; but iu spite of this misfortune, tho settlers liavo got through tho winter well, and have been euablou this year to sow a considerable quantity of grain, tho greater part of which was obtain.-l from Montreal, Quebec, and otliov parishes on the Tliver St. Lawrence. Tho crop has been abundant, and of good quality. '' The month of Juno and part of July wore rainy, and during the romaindor ol the season till October, the weather wax warm and dry. and frost did not appear till all the 'Tops had been harvested. . , • " Wheat having turned out well last, yuai . was sowed iu large qmintitics this year, and yielded a good crop. With the exception ol" an oocaalonal uppoaranee in a few marshy places and sheltered fields, the weevil has not been seen. Those who sowed wheat havt been well remunerated I 12 COIONIZATIOX EOABS IS>»ra „j,ii,^. fcUuro on account of° be cicSrc ho!°T„ ^ l"™''.' 'a° "°'°° P"«-' '« <■«' «>«- a compC was very produclivo """ '" -"V '"■' '^"g""- Any of i( lhai did ripen 'lat grain ; but ivbcro it m, sow, 1,^.. = °j° """■■ "«"' "''irings in timo to^^t " /'<•„ yielded a Kood er™ 1 1. '' "" ?°'"' '"'' ""> «""'" "^ ftH- crop i, a aubjeel of geS.llrpris;^ '"«" """"'"^ "' "''™. ««l ">« Sood quality „f .b, -pcrior ;iali,y'"" '" "■'' ""'° "» -- *an usual, and ,b„ crop ha, been ample and of good coSi»:"^- """"^'"■' " ^-W"^ '-">ird, „,ore tban ,a,t year, and w« „ed in the ™-'"fSaultj^,f^t;i1n'Tr3r"iSr''"'b'"';T^ -»".o„ account of t were i„„„,„j, and^^lJtrSS ;t;7o;7drJ'i?r''''n- , "■ "'" """"■««- of do not now .soera to appreciate its valuV «?/-? , ^^"^ ^""'^^ lucrative crop 'J hov sow .t in the aan,e piJce of ,,voZdZVovLTZ'^''"''l^^' ""^lect its cuItivatioE Thll give It no care whatever. " '' ''"^'''^ consecutive years, «nd during its ..ro«{h ^^Y'^^^^'^^^^i^So^I^^^ *;.;fa« -Itivation of fla.^ than prcduot woo ..CO rc.l!y known, im otnt rTur ", wo^M soon ''" '^7 '' "'^ ^"-^-' ^-'l Lnless it is cuitivatod on u Lr^o seal :f L ?^? soon result from its cultivation increase ita value .3 a raw ir.aterial Xh won! T. u^^' T^''' '' "^'''^ machinery o encouragement afforded. ' ^'^^ """"'^ ^'^ absolutely necessary, wore sufficient the :itp:^S'^!^;7^'^^i:^^ of thisi.portant arti.e too strongly upon parishes o?theTLawre°nc'e'''fs IVdZl^V^' ^T'S^^t^on which roaches us from the vicinity but not as rapid^aV^e'Sy Llfr'"^ ^'^ ""'^°^^"* '' '^^ -'^ "«^^ i" "h" bridges, t: onSt:^::£t^-^-f OSS T^^^ ^^-^ ^o the want of roads and settlements are so scattered ^ thrcountv th^Tt'' '^^°'"° '^f^ ^^'^^ '' ^^^^'o- ^id « 5^^^ntedt.thisa,eney, to ^^^'T^Z^^^^S^^Il^ m:^^:t^^:^Zt:;:-'' ^-'^ ''■ '^'- -^ ^^^^^ --s of eommuniea.on a.. Kaalcouianill^ifo^aget^^^^^^^^ lake" St "? r "' f •^^•''- -^°P' Suth h'eW 'o'r on *^'T Kushpiganish upj^rd miles higher up on the l.oS o « th VTr^t'' ^''1'^°" "^ '''^"'or^ ^''o are i.ul.ted '>0 «ummer by canoes, when th^Lk i l.t Id in w?J/ "^-^"^ '' oonununication bo^,]' *.^';. I «^f «\^"re you, ;. attended with Soa In - ''" ' ''' ^- ^'^''^ '"''^"'^ ^''" J «nd continu^illy obliton.te all traces of the road '"" '" "''"""* '^'"^'"^ *^""^v ..t„nns which would cosrincTudinTLtl/tri£Tbt?s^^^ ^'"""'".^ " 1i«*^"'=« «^ •^•' '"il"« in ieu.tJi over the river Chicoutin,,- „. «£°!' ?»''°"' ^-^^^ pormile. The bridtre «lrnu,i.oomm"»- ' '«. bridge o«r Hiviir^ku 8;bS'wsr'r fri^o'o%r.T,!r''Tp^^b" =°'' ™«»'^ ■Mvyj io *,o\jo. 1 ho other rivers which uriug the past en a compJeto lint did ripen n hoforo seed- 1 timo to now luality of tho ample and of was saved in n account of talks at that iiltivution of ?rop. 'J hey tion. They : its growtli f flax than igricukural cultivation, achinery to sufficient ongly upon 9 from thu mds in the road,s and BesidoH appropria on in thii cation ni« of it from 1 upward;* waters of ufutcd L'O I boing in ■'Ott; and lis which oad from u of the aron and bout :>.{) I ieogth, smeneed f .£400. rs which COLONIZATION ROAD* IN LOWER OANAI-A. 13 wf meet with as far as 3Ictabetchouau, can be easily bridged. At the last mentioned place the bridge, which is absolutely necessary, w'll not cost less than £600. " We therefore require a sum of £5000 to open and complete the Kinogarai Boad throughout its entire length. "The localities which next in order offer the greatest inducements to settlers, arc the Townships of Simard, Tremblay, and Harvey. I have always considered the two Crst named Townships as the finest tract of land on tho River Saguenay, but settlers have been jiroventcd from occupying them by the want of roads. So soon, however, as it was decided that the road which in your report you were pleased to call the " Price Road," should pass through the centre of these Townships, and so soon as the road between the Saguenay and the main road was commenced, settlers rushed, in and have since formed the new parish of St. Anne. *' A church has been erected, a priest resides there, and nearly all the lots in Simard from the 1st to the 7th range have been settled by the members of families from the old settlements in the neighborhood, and Les Eboulemens. *' This fall a party of settlers from Beauport took possesaiou of 40 or 50 lots from the 5th to the 8th range of those Townships. They are now engaged in clcarinj; their lots to put in seed ney.t spring. They expect a large number of their friends to join them in the spring. I therefore consider that it would be proper to appropriate a sum of money to open the road to the ninth range, in order that these courageous settlers may be enabled to convey their effects and families to the lots which they intend to purchase. It would re- quire a sum of ?2800 to open this road. " The main road should also be opened as at present laid out for at least 5 miles on each .side of the route, and once this nucleus is formed, the front roads in each range will be easily opened by the settlers themselves. » Tt is also necessary to build a bridge ovcf the river Yalin,in the Township of Trem- blay. The Township ot St. Jolm on the river Saguenay, lias attracted some attention since the commencement of the road from L'Ansc St. Jean, to enable the settlers to open up their lands and to oommuuicatc with the Upper Saguenay an 2 the St. Lawrence. This road will eventually be a branch of the main road now being constructed by the Depart- ment of Tublie Works, to communicate between Grande Bale and IMalbaie. This new road will opoi up for colonization an area of 240 square miles, of good land, which the Govcn-umcnt purpose offering in part to settlors next year. " St. John is principally settled by young families from Les Eboulemens. There is a fine church with a resident priest, and Hour and saw mills. The Municipal and School Laws are there in full operation, and a Tost Office has been established. This locality possesses the finest climate in Lower Canada, and will, before; tuany years, be one of the finest parishes in the country. " Ft would re(iuire a sum of £G00 to open up tho road to its junction with the road tVom St. Agni-s, which is the only outlet from this settlement. " The other settlements on the Upper Saguenay are progressing favorably, and with some more assistance from the Colonization Fund to aid iu tho construction of bridges over the River du Sable at Beau Portage, and over the Biver Valin, to open up two road.-* of (wo miles each, one between the 7th and 8th ranges of Chicoutimi, another iu tho division line between Bagot and Chicoutimi to its junction with La Terri6re, both roads being, on account of the swampy nature of the soil, too costly for the limited means of tho settlers, and the completion of the Sydenham Road, colonization will advance rapidly throughout this District. " To complete tho Sydenham .lload would ro(juire a sum of S500 to $600. " It, is extraordinary to see the effect produced by ihe drainage in the constructiiMi of the roads, U)ion tho adjacent marshy lands. Oafs sown in July, merely for forage, grew to a height of <> tn 7 feet and ripened to perfection. This i almost incredible, but T will . itt! !i fact ; n\\ thosp lots df land .ire taken up, niany have been placed under crop (his year, and there is no doubt that the remainder will be next year. The St. I'llmin Road, which is our principal outlet towards Quebec and the St. Law id not yet completed .'wing to the want of funds I am in hopey that it will be I once, ., . ^. finished next year, a.- there are only 12 miles to complete, and tho bridg Midl)iiii' to he liiiilt, (he iiocossarv timlicr bi'iiiy :di'i';idv on the ■ipol ovei tho River 14 COLOiriZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. " Til. e works will rerjuirc a further outlay of £1400 "Thp !,^r* Vr^" 'f ^''''^'^' ^'''} ^^^ TP^^'' °«^ '««k« Hke an old settlement with <^^i.;^trz:^:^=^^^& jjsS^szir ^v-^ and the quality of the soil. Lreha e s gen "flly pay f fcash'JwV '^ "' "'"•'**.^^'' on credit. ^ uuiauj, pay g to 4 cash, the balance remaining ..rucll^l-LK'Srl^-otrhoT °"' *"■' ""™ "« '-»'-""■■» '- <'-*■' upon con- Gas Works and Water Works, but ninEn is th.VZ ^ "^.«"*\""' ""^ to establish large to t;uarcntec this expenditure ThrZnf- ;Irr ^,^^]'^''^T '' °«t >'«' sufficiently ha^e constructed wharveXtiStct^cste^^^^^^^^ ""r ^"^ ^»«^«^^^"^ distant from each other. It would have becn)c?roV «?.? " '"'' ''•'^''*"''''' '''''^ ^"'^ '"^J^^ wharf A spirit of local antagon sm howeve^- nrlvl', ^'J^^'P'' ^?.^''''y constructed but one efFcct the desired object •^'''"^'"•'™' ''*'^*'^«^ prevented a combination of both villages to roor:.^'^^:^^.'^:^^!^^ ^-^^ '-^^^--i^^" ^OorOO bed- and ^r qj;gi:rgi=^:sL^t 1 1^^s^:^r^ 'r-a h..e had the good fortune last summer of seeing his hotel fill dwh^^arfsts '^ """"'^ ChicouJimi" '"" '"'""'^' ^'"^^ '^'''^ P»'-*'- -^->d building hSs aro^lndo liaie and ^o^^^Z^ ^cg.ding the to t. J^3^;^'::?ES^^^^' ^"^ T,mJLfbrmKai:they have been inferior tako:;^;^rrSe^:5si:sr?^ratr'T;!i; ^^^^^ ^"^ «^- -^^-^ ^-- Tadousac and the Rivi6re St 3 WcH^^ ^J^''* Edward, situated between wore fully settled in the course oTtlwy'can T truJt tC ^ ''?-'^';^ ''^ '^'' '^"^"'^'"P be granted next year, to enable u/to cor^lto M n P • - ^''^V^'nt "PPiopnation will length. You are perhaps not aware hit Z kL TI' V"'' ' . '"": l^^'^^e^ont its entire In.. fV.ot^on Canadian soi'l for the fi"t tlme^rt S'SLSritT ''" '"""^ "' ''''''' P^^^'^ to take^.^! •:^r::iI..oS^"^-St oM^clr b^^ ^'' -^ ^--'' -'- '« ^'^o'-^'y IS sufficient for the requirements o7the lo a itv T i^J /' ']'^T '' '/'." '**""'^^"8' »"'« next year, a rendezvous for sea-bathin" d u- n ' ho slnL '''' ^' 'f*-"^'''''' '' '^^'^^^^^^^ visitors a large hotel and a number r^.tta'iswhr^/ "?T' ;'";' '" «'"^^'- ^^ ''^^ceivc of the locality, the sea-baths, fishin" a d i?s oTtin; T""- *''"'"^- ^ ''"P" *''« «"« «^'«ncry ionablc report for families desires oheekinll,? '"'"cral water., will render it a fasl,- .uaterially add to the importance ,' 10 S? Tnd wifl"'^ ^''"^'^- '^''''^ -''^"'"^^ancc will tiers to take up the good latids in the v ciSfv tLZ- f ''' '"^ <•" '^"^•«»»-'-'g«'»cnt to set- ronnes is now open tliroughout its cntiJclen^^fh ?.'•*"" '°*'' ^'■"'" '^^^^"'''^' *« «<^rge- of land which have been settled W a a'S^,-,«'7,? "^^^'^'^ *,« « «u'»ber of fine lots tho road may be partly adapted to^sumS tm^d " ''"'''"'• ^ ''"^^ ^'^"^ "^^^ ««"""or i^rom Jiiscouraains to ]}crL'eronno<. H,o,-,>.,^"i i Fohi,cles by the ])epartment of FuS ?Vo l . " 1 ^T 'T''''^ r''aetieablc for wheeled " The road from Black Kiver ti tl mouth of f?'i """ be continued next season. a summer road this voar l...f tho , l.t " -^^ ^^agucnay had been mrtly onnund s- ha,s been done. Neverthekss, t'..e wS^aLeXXn'^'i ''"' ''' '**'?"' ^'^"^ '^"*'''"1« ^«rk and here a„d there we find ^otUoZhoSo^^^^^^^ their families, trusting fo Provi.lon nnU Q - S '^ ^^'''''''^"^' "" ^^^"'^ '^*''' ^'"J' COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. 15 ement. ' parts, fiirujs icrc. Vacant n-usli fcDcing, arc situated, cc remaining led upon con- Icniy, 60 feet Hall for its y possesses a to establish t sufficiently I Bagotvillo ire two miles 3ted but one li villages to or GO bcd- c Sagueuay, iord would 3 liaio and iiiding the en inferior tgnes have sd between Township iation will i its entire lies placed is shortly ding, and Tadousac to receive c scenery it a fash- ancc will nt to sct- Ecrge- 'finc lots summer wheeled casou. Donod as tie work iiization. >»«, with " Round the Eseoumains Mills where the * P6ree Oblats' have established their prin- cipal missions, a fine village is being formed, and a pretty church has been built. " Towards the cast as far as Millc Vaches, in the County of Portneut, and towards the west as far as Grandes Jjergeronnes, we find farma the occupants of which come to the church uud mills at Escoumaius. There is no doubt that before many years, agricultural interests and the fisheries will be the means of increasing considerably the population ot the County of Saguenay. . , , , , i « . a: * u " The School Law is in full operation in that neighborhood, and Post offices are estab- lished at Tadousac, Escoumains, and Portneuf In the Townships of Saguenay and Calli6res wc find lamilios that are well established, and the lands are rapidly taken up in the neigh- borhood of these settlements. Four or five families from Les Eboulcmens have settled on the shores of the Little River Saguenay. , , . .. m i,- r a* " There is a fine tract of laud lying in a valley which extends to the lownship ot bt. Jean. If a road were built between St. Jean and Little Saguenay, a distance of 5 miles, considerable establishments would soon be formed in that valley. " J cannot conclude without making the remark, that it is absolutely necessary that the Government should, during the ensuing session, ask for a considerable appropriation for the purposes of colonization. And it is particularly important that this should bo done in order to encouraue the return of a large number of our compatriots who have been tempt- ed to leave this c'ouutry to obtain emplovment in the United States. We should procure ibr them the means of reaching our unoccupied lands, and should support their families by employing them in opening up Colonization Roads. A desirable change in the system of constructing these roads would be to commence the work early in the season, say about 1st June, because it can be better executed during the dry season and long days than in the fall. This year the work was scarcely commenced before the 1st September, a season too far advanced to make profitable use of the money uppropriated." COUNTY OF CHARLEVOIX. ScifrinrffOH and l)e Haks Road. (!onductor— Rev. M. Clovis Gagnon. Arrvuitiiationof ISfil 6-300 00 \mount paid 300 00 This Ruad, which commences in the first range at Scttrington, is intended to termi- nate at the St. Ilrbaiu Road. i . j .i • In that portion ol the road already opened, o mile.H and 2 arpent« were completed tins year, also one arpcut of corduroy work. There still remains to be completed a distance of o 'miles an.l 5 arpciits now grubbed eight foct in width, and through which a cart can pass. Mr. Gagnon has informed this Office that colonization has progressed so rapidly that there arc no lots for sale in the Townships of Scttrington and De Sales, and that the greater iiortiou of the lots located are partly cleared. .^ A large number of settlers intend establishing them.sclvoH to the north-cast of Itiviere (lu GouflFrc, although the lots are not yet surveyed. Grain of every description has been sown in this district without suflFering from frost or insect. Three miles of this road are verbalized. It is estimated that a s'lm of tSSOO would be required to complete it. COUNTY OF MONTMORENCY. Bn'd(jr.s over the Rivers DesrocJicx and Lomhrcite. Amount appropriated for First Bridge in 1859 - 8374 43 Do. do. Second do. 1859 Amount paid 150 00 $524 4P, U2\ 43 16 COLONIZATION ROADS IX LOWER CANADA. lV,.3t l""*" k'^mPu ""i"" ?"J'* '" ^''' '''"'■^*^ '^'f '"^^^ y«^i- The bridge over the River oncnntrr.fTn Ar"'ll^ ""'^ *^^ '^"^g^ over the River Lombrettc was leTout Cauchon Jiotul. Conductor — Charles Riieaume. Amount of appropriation - Amount disbursed S189.5 17 400 00 Balance on hand $1495 17 This road commences at the parish of St. Fdreol, one half league south of the River St. Anne's, and is to terminate at the St. Urbain road. Mr. Rheaume, who was emploved to explore and trace this road, haa handed in a most favorable report employed A ter the Department had taken into consideration that this new road would shorten St ittrnrif ^'"" -r \'!^'''^^'^ ^y'^' ^-i««°S Dos Capes road betwoerQuebec ani St. Urbain by fifteen miles, there was no hesitation in undertaking itf. construction Tt, roTd^^'nw ? "^'^ fi^'-' w ^'t ^''"^r ^° 'i' '^'•^S"^"^^' "" ••advantageous cont nuat inof the load now being finished between Grand Baic and St. Urbain, and of trreat nnd mnnrfin? u.y DisTriet "'""'*"" ^'^'^ '"^"^'" *'^^"^'^' ^^^^^ '' passes,! ^wXroniTCc- It has been decided to construct a bridge over the River St Anno'^ of *!,« .^ .• quis.te building timber, as well as to give him the means of collectinrin htp ti stonJ required o fill the piers, which he will thu.s be able to convey to IhcbK whonZ season and the roads arc favorable. ^ ^ "^° ^^^ Mr. Rheaume in his Report writes as follows:— "This road passes through a large tract ol' fertile land. It passes close to fnnr magnificent lakes in which fish abound: it is as level as anv road tW ton -ui ^ Ihe timber lound along this road is birch, maple, etc., &c., &c. I COUNTY OF QUEBEC. Stvmhum. and Tcw/ccshuiy Rowl Conductor— Etien x e Rek ni eu . Bahmcc of appropriation, 1860 - . . . S373 •>! Amount expended - . . . 'v\ oi rate oSr'terSo''- "™'" '"""'"""'' '" "'''' '" »'l'""" "f ™»'i. ^'-'l' »' »' '^- 0L0XT2ATION TluADS r.V I/AVEK CAXx\GA I? er the River ;c was let out epted by the carefully and ind in strict t' the llivcr as employed )uld shorten Quebec and jction. Its ation of the I important the Saguo- he starting ■stimatcd at :e of 3400 lity the re- is the stone e when the so to four possibly be , (of about ndred feet 3y located, iscquently 'he incline while this Six small bridges bavo Ijcen ))uilt. and M arpc'ts of oovdnroy work ove'f Hwanipy soil, the whole lit a cost of ^200. This road i.s verbalized. , ,. i i 1 1 i Colonization has made great progress in these !ocabtics,and the popnlat:.)n lias doubled within n i'ov> voars. This road is now finished. $600 00 600 00 (!Ul)NTV OF PORTNEUF. dosford and St. Gabriel Road. ronductor— Alexts Cayew. IJahmco of appropriation, 1859 - Amount expended Tliis road commences at the post which divides lots No. 15 and IG of the 4tli range ol' the Township of Gosford, and is lo terminate at the road already opened in ht. Gabriel. The proposed length is seven miles. i i i-i ^ With this sum Mr. Oaver has completed t miles and 16 arpouts ot road, oi which 4 uiilos and 15 arpent.s are in"^Gosford, and 1 arpent in St. Gabriel. The cost has been about •3112 pov milo. Bridges have been built, forming in the aggregate a length of 267 feet j and also \h arpents .li" corduroy work on swampy land. It would rcfiuirc a further sum of ^250 to complete the two nides and a icw arpents, which remain still unopened as far us the St. Gabriel Road. In the vicinity of this road the soil is good but rocky. The trees on the mountains are large; the timber most generally found on this tract of land i^ maple and birch, with some low' firs ; in the low lands, whit« spruce with birch and fir. Tn his Report Mr. Caver makes the following suggestions :— '•' In order to advance "the interests of colonization a road should be made irom iossam- bault following the line which passes between lots No. 21 and 22 of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th rano-es of Gosford, crossing the road which I have lately made, as well as the St. Vnne's River, following about the same direction through the upper ranges in order to reach a tract of land which I explored two years since, where I found 40 or 00 good lots, and finally to reach the Rocmont Road. , j- • • i- '• An exploration should also be ordered in view of opening a road on the division line of the Townships of Colbert and Gosford, which can at a future date be extended further towards the interior, where T am informed there are a large number of excellent lots ol land " ^JlOO 00 too 00 Colbert Road. Conductor— Victor LeclMb. Balance of appropriation, 1860 - Amount expended Mr. LecUM-c has completed, during 1861, 15 arpents nnd 8 rods of road which, with the uovtion opened last year, form a length of 2 miles 16 arpents and 9 rods of road, aecessibh- tn sninmer vehicles. The cost has been at the rate of $152 per mile. ^ V bridge has been built 37 feet in length, aid also 158 feet in length ot corduroy work 'f ho township of Colbert is mountainous, nevertheless the soil is good, and tlio lots are sought aftor by young settlers. . ,. . . ■ i i i It is intended to contimio the road as far ns the Ratiseaii vivev. passing by l.ake Simon, wliinli i^; in tlic Township of Colbert. Montmiban Road. Conductor — T, Bt:r,ANOKR. isl at till jVmount appropriated Amount expended - »600 00 - 5u0 00 18 0OL0NI2AlI0If ROADS IX LOWBB 04.NAI>1 f^b... Tho proposed h^gihofCrti is W mUc. '"'' '° "" ^""'"P "^ •«»»• .1., two .pen. „f .„d„,o, wort havc'hoonl^J^toJfa" 'Al"r.",.i^;Lt .Jr^t'C offer ''o'LSairats^onr.S* "t„'?:f sr„i «-r""^ r^. -■■' "» lou this tract. ^ ^^^"'^*' ^'^^Cf-po^ors bavo also been found in Two church si4 have been C,od ^^ % fhToc*, a^SlSr S """ *'°°'' '«""^- Mr, Bctoger co.s,dc., .h.t i. will ro,uir. the «... of Sl^OO Tcnish .hi, road Amount appropriated Amount expended COUNTY OF CHAMPLAIN. St. Tite Road. Conductor— Joseph Teudki,. 8500 00 500 00 for,»fo„rn.ilcaopcned\„dlp,eL°dr*flS°rd'' °^""' '" "'» ""^^-g ?»«,., op,ncteX°£ t:'g:h?tn^r:rpl;'S'i.'' LV''-™" '".'°°«"'' -- ■"•» ^"" completed. ^ ' ° ^'^'^ '"^P®^*^ ^^ »*; containing aix Jarge hills, have beet. which^'ia^tentifffrtfetrnXirr-^^l?'^^^'*^ ^« ^ ^-'^^ 45 feet Ion, 8um of 635 will besuffieenttoVmpor^^^^^^ ^/- Trudel Consider., that th'c makes tho following remarks--- ^ """^ '■°^*^- ^° ^'^ interesting reporf. he crosa'dUcperL^^^^^ T U^e'h ^inTe^ w f^ T ^^^^.^^^^ -^'' ^ «P-ed a neighborhood. While dig.^in?' th s ditob T i ?*'' ?5 ^^^^'^'^ "^ «»"«" stream in the believe that this swamp.^Sh xfends'a cnn""/ ^fl'^" quantities of iron ore, and? may contain a sufficient quant ty of thl nfetTAo r*.'^' 1'''"'^'' ^^^^'''^'^ ^^' north-west a small stream called the '' RuLau tmZ- w J^""^" *^' "''°*' ^^'"'^^J^- ^ «1'^« found which falls into the River Sntn'.c J^^^^^^^^ iron. Even at a distance fronX s^amn ZT' r.)'''""^^^ i«^pregnated with oiide of find particles of oxide of irorrcstLTZ^Ibi i °"^'' *4 '''^''' ""'' «^»°I^ «lo"cr, wo stil ^ "With the exception of tht s^wamn wbi bT '"'^ ""T^J" *^° ^^-^ ^^' '^^ stream adapted to settlement:the surroundLg Set of and 1^27^'^ ''""^^ ''^^' ""^» ^"* '^^^o m order. The sub-soil, being sand, dfes not n«--«^Sf '''^' "^'^ ^° '^"^^"•^'° ^^^ keep jurious to vegetation when tL suLTl of aCv If n f '"^'TL^' °'°'^'"'-" ^^""^^ i« i^' hardwood forest in this tract after C.^:^^!ZZ^::-.^: C:^^;^ [Je Por "^JvM^^^^^^^^ m.koa out wi.h tern- be hoped that the Department of Crcin lS ^?S^f t " t '^'"'°« operations. It ia to fortnn.te settlers, an/facilitate thS'Sabl"h'l!l^l?'lf^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ «"-!>er of „n! OOIONIZAZION EOASS IN LOWIR OANADA* 19 gniory of Lps iship of 3Ion" t may he cori- In addition to ork^ has heen , and the lots )ec>n found in 'operty is in- good results. lis road. I quarters of ding yoars, IS also been have becti foet long, srs that the : report he I opened a earn in the ?re, and I north-west, also found ivamp, and h oxide of 31", wo still ho stream. I but little and keep hich is in- rough the ept in the with tern- It ia to ler of un- lese hndi St. Maurice Road. Conductor—ALPHONBE Dcbobd. Amount appropriatetl . - - - A mount expended . . - - - 82700 00 . 2082 00 ifalaiice ou hand - - - - S018 00 This road commcnceB on the south-west side of the River St. . ^^I'^yic^' f ^ .^^^ .^j^J^ Road, and is intended to extend to the mouth of the .^^^vcr.Matawm j irom that point to Rat River; from thence one branch will lead to "La Tuque" on the fet. Maur,ce,and the other to the River Vermillion, foUomng the south side ot Rat R^vcr Four and one half miles of this road have been given out on contract at the rate ol ""'^TthtllVd'wL'l^rfly'c^^^^^^^ last November, the contractor wa. unable to com- plete his eont^aetrnever^heless three miles of road have been finished, and three-quarters nf a mile are in an advanced state. , , , ,, <« Fve bridges have been built; three of 20 feet in length, and two others o oyer 40 feet caeh The land through which tuis road passes is of good quality and well adapted for colonization. The timber is mixed, but hardwood predominates -Mr. Dubord, in his excellent report, thus expresses himsell :— " In glancing at the extent of country through which this road will pass, it will be seen that an immense\ract of land will be opened up to ««l<^"i^f «i'; , ^t^tiu'tv o7thfso f Townships of Caxton, Polette, and Tureotto must, on account of the fertility ot the soil, "'"^'i^ery'^'pStel^Maurice Road will be one of the most important highways in the Province.^ Tl e lots of land, which arc of good quality, will offer one immense advan- lage to the settler who is at a distance from a city market, which -/-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ spot to the lumber merchants of everything these lands can P';?'!"^;- ^'^^'^^X^^^^^ road will bo useful as a convenient route for carrying supplies to the ^-^'o^'^r^ ^i°***^ "P°" which they arc working. The only means of access which they now have arc by canoes on the River St. Maurice in summer, and in sleighs over the ice in winter "When it is considered that more than 1300 men, and upwards of bOO hor«cs are employed during the winter as far as 150 miles in the interior of the fet. Mau"«« ^^"'^^^^^ we can form but a feeble idea of the enormous expenditure involved, as weU J^ ttc Jos^e^ and delays consequent upon such difficult means ot communication, ^he a. Maurice t^ ritorv is covered with lakes and rivers, so that water powers are to be found in largo num- be^s^ Tliere i no limestone on this r^ad, but iron ore has been found in lai^e quantit e , as well as copper ore in small quantities. Of the existence of the latter 1 ^m not myself positively assured, although it is so reported. il-,«rnf/,rf^ ^ " It is intended that this road shall extend over a distance ot 11>^.^"^'I«^'' *"^^ IZJZ it cannot be completed for some years ; but I think that next ««°^^«!,;,',«h?^^^i^^^^^ to the River Matawin from 20 to 25 miles, and that the sum of $1200 ,houd be granted ^'' *^'st^Xnne and Shawenegan were opened in 184' ■•*"^'- -'• To Oeee^btfrlsTL^r oftl4.Vfo"I:V5.fs'^^^^^^ ^^^ ^'- ^^^^^' ^o the .1m loxiug the)n,solvTs to the amount of Sl/ooo for tt ^'r'"'^ ^^''' ^'''^y ««"'"« f'^'om pre!^h>,tar. ""' ''^^""^ ^«' ^hc construction of a .tone church and "All kinds of -rain have bceu harvested in this localitv WJ, .i > .^tli lore, oats and barley have produced wcl n ^ Si- ^^'^^'l'^ ''''« ^^^'^^li ^i «ucce.s. in Etiennc. Hay is plentilu! evervSherc anrTtlr? ^^'''^^''^> and rye and oats in St. ^ese localitie,/ /he frost has /ot cans' d a'/ perc^Se'^^^^^^^^^^^ 'V7 '"" ^^°^" ^° «" difference as regards frost between these and 'h? loll ° * ./^'^'''^ '' '^^"^cely any Uwrencc. ^ """ ^"^ parishes on the shores of the St "The St. Maurice Road is not verbalized."- (!mmY OF ST. MAURICE. Milllioud in Shawcneyan. Conductor— CvRiLLE Maonan. Amount appropriated Amount expended ■S200 U(i 200 0(» Th'e t:!n'' "Jm''^ !^'^«-truct'a chuich af n e'^ydate " """ '"^ ^^^''' '''"^ i^^P-- voad bJl^^t: t^Sl/^ffistS :|-.«i^^urin, the past iow years The 3r« 7,^"cth.to!iointh:|;: Mat c^fcr^Jf f--- »-t the opening JT^J^^I, ■settlers of the parish of St. Flore and other localifcicVintri K""^ ^^'^ advantage to th. travel a considerable distance to carry thel grain to l^^Z'Sl' "'" '''"^ "^^ ^^liged to Hoad/rom Ifunterstomi to St. hYieinu. Conductor^C)fAULE« (Iewnas. Amount appropriated . ^ . Amount expended -..'■" ^f,^^ ^^ This Koud commences at the Vil].i,.n nf TT„»/ . " ' ^^^ ^^ run, and is to terminate on the Gov rnnfnt L. HnTt Fr^ <'ro,.so.s the Township of Pax- 09 arpents of this road, 14 of which are comnW d 4f ?r ?^'- ^''^'''''' ''"^ "P^°ed per mile. Six arpents of corduroy work Tvi *] - ' ''" "* *^' '''^' ^^^^^O .ompleicd The .^il on oadi sid^o ' t lis ro cl t^^T ^of^menced, but are not finally Hardwood and buildin- timbnr nr« ihvnd '- f ■• rf-^' """^ '■^*^'''^^'' ^'"^ «* f»'' c'ultiv.aCmf rhi. road open, up -Himnnie^tio,: wii Ti^^rVi^^^r^sKn;;:^ rpLONIZAIlON aoADS IN tOWBtt PAiJADA. 31 tiiice ijarishc,'^ BS, canonically •^t. Floic, anil •tly be erected 400 to $WO(K 'the soil. T(i :th to the olst settlers from e church and u a .success iu d oats iu St. I grown in all • scarcely any 'S of the St. iu 1801, 88 ca can pass. cost of 836. ished thcni- bcyond th(! which cost fid inepara- years. The f a road 60 tage to the obliged to ip of Pas- las opened teof«120 lot finally iltiv.atioii. ;avief». As . nnd Si Ktieuue ii oficis immense advantagea for colouizatiou and trade. 1 hero arc lu the vicimty ^>ur water powers two of which are at present in use. Limestone is also found there. MGernas states that the progress of colonization has been very great, and on each .idc of the Government roads it exceeds all expectations. The population ..as increased bv two thirds during the past few years. , .^, , i The crop has been good and has been harvested without damage One league and three-quarters of this road u verbalized. (JOUNTY OF MASKINONGE. Riviere au.c Ecorccs Road. Conductor— Le ANDRE Lafond. ^200 00 200 00 Amount of appropriation - - - - Amount expended VV ith thi^ sum Mr. Lafond has opened six arpents of road to the north of the llivicrc du LX.i« the Township of nunte?stown, and has built bridges having an aggregate ^'"^' The na^tlrc'of the soil over which this road pits.es is sandy and produces good grain. Timber is abundant and of good quality. ii.„„k li Sbnd reports that if the road were opened three miles iurthcr up it would rcacli .me vac nt Govei-nmcnt lots where the soil is of excellent quality. That gentleman unter™drof t^^^ in one day who visited these lots ot land, and they await the ope" ng of th s road to settle upon them. There is a fine waicr power on the s j^ani run- li, o- out of Lac a I'Eau Claire, and indications of iron ore have been obseiTed there. ^The crops have been very successful, and landed property has doubled in value since 1857 Mr Lafond considers that it would require ?300 to complete that part of the road already opened, and $1000 to continue the road as far as the Government lots above al- luded to. This road is verbalized. SV. Didaic Road. Conductor- A mount appropriiited -Remi Baurette. §200 00 200 00 Amount expended .^ The operations on this road were commenced this year, at the front part of lot >o. lb, ill the Hcfllonc, and terminated at the cleared lots of Lake Deligny. i . .i „ ,. > Out of ^5? arpents opened, 23 arpents are passable in wheeled vehicles, but the e- Hiuinde only" n w ntcVslefghs. The work was done principally on a mountain, but partly In a swamp'^wScTe it was n^ecessary to lay down 650 feet of corduroy work covered with 400 loads of earth. Mr Barrett in his Beport thus expresses himscll :— n i i '(iu the summit of the mountain'wc meet with fine sugune. Iu the ^.a ey l^low which could easily bo drained, we find a tract of land with rich and l^'^'^^^ivc so I whic^^^ could be advantageously settled. When this swampy valley is passed, sugarics aie found in one unbroken ?ange in the whole length of road both opened and unopened "We have this year seen with satisfaction that our courageous settlers have harvested a large quantity of oats, buckwheat, rye. &c., and neither the frost nor the heavy rains have seriously damaged these crops. ,,.^... , i -n .i i „„ 4',,. .,c fl,.. "It would require, I think, a further sum of 82400 to build the road as iar as Iu Township of Peterborough. Such an extension would be immensely advantageous to t a Canndian settler;-^, because a large tract of fine country would be rendered accessible, and (hey would be rewarded a hundred fold tor their labor in clearing these lots, '■ Thip IS fit for sottlcmont T»,t-c7i ^ s'owljr, althongh the crcatcr nirf r,f ♦»; -f The pop„,at,on orthi, tract I,„. 4n,ull;1c7i^^V/eai'^^ ^""' eoIonizatt^S COUNTY OF JOLIETTE. Condactor-MAxiME Crepeau. HaJance oi appropriation 1860 Amount of appropriation 1861 Amount expended . $60 40 800 00 $860 40 400 OC Ualauco in hand . Mr. Cr<.peau write, as follows :~ ' ' ^alf of which .s passable in wheeled vehS" urch of St. icr and the but an ex- ! been com- [■ 3218 Mr. Q Brandon, J Township ' Seigniory ee bridges GO feet in -y of these Jgeof the t to cover has been ttled, and of Peter- tio Towa- of means cigniory, an roads. .as of essible point. hides, hough uning there cS ta- il the tiofts COI.O.MZATIOK ROAJHi IN lOWEft CANADA M The Matawin Road will ptflfl through thi« tract, and it will b<. extended through thoiibandft of lots more or less adapted to settlement, as far m the propoied terminus, where U will have reached Iho fine lands of the Matawin. The advantages of the construction of thw road would be lo promote colonization on the lots of which I have before spoken, because there is no doubt that, from the date of its being opened, settlers will locate by thousand-s on its whole length. Tho pine lumber trndo will alt^o bo greatly favored by the opening i>i' this road. "Tho progress of settlement has been m tollows "Six years since tho Township of Joliette wu.i uninhabited; it now cont&;ns a population of 360 souls. During the same period the population of the north-east part of the Township of Erandon has increased by upwards of 1000 souls. We find m the latter locality a large 'number of farmers in very good cir«nimstances, and thi.s progress ih attributable to the establishment of colonization roads. „ „ j " A chapel was built during la.st year in the 11th range of the Township of Brandon, m which tho Priest of St. Gabriel celebrates mass every fortnight. It is intended to construct another chapel this year in tho Township of .foliette. Landed property has increased m value during the past lew years by about two-thirds. The principal grams harvested are rye and oats. The crop suffered no damage this year. The first injurious frosts are only felt about tho 15th October." It is estimated that it will require 83000 to complete thi.'j road. COUNTY OF MONTCALM. Kilkenny Road. Conductor — Louis Dufkesne. 8150 00 150 00 Amount of appropriation . - - - Amount expended One mile of this road, whicu is to terminate at Wexford, was completed this year, commencing at tho half of tho 8th range and finishing at the half of tho 9th range. The soil on each side of this road, and even further in the interior, is composed ol '■ellow loam, and is well adapted for settlement. Tho timber is mixed. Mr. Dufresne writes : — , i • i " Since the Government havj opened this colonization road, settlement has increased by one-ihird, and property has increased in value in the same proportion." A sum of $900 is required to completo this road. This road is verbalized. COUNTY OF VAUDKEUIL. Bridges in Newton. Balance of appropriation 1860 . - -. - 8103 74 Amount paid to Municipality in 1861 - 103 74 A portion of this sum (843 34) was paid to a contractor who constructed a bridge in 1860, and tho balance in building another bridge, 80 feet in length, in the 1st range of Newton. . „ , . p . This bridge has been received by three persons specially named as a jury ot exami- nation, and in their report they have certified that it has bc«n built conformably to the plans and Bpooifioations annexed to tho contract. COUNTY OF ARGENTEUIL. Roads in Mille Idea. (Jonduotor— William Stuart. Amount of appropriation AmotiBt of czpeaditare uooo 24 -OLOMZATION WOAD. IN 1^0^ ^^KADA WitU *>s su,u Mr. Stuart l..» vo„ai,cd IT avpc.t. ot roud » <;;-»^--i;:in.''E»>J uew clmvch was Imilt m 1 8()1 . Road M Moriv. (!onductor— Georok Hamilton. Amount oi' appropriation - Amount of expenditure - - ,".,. n •.,,,„.,... nco in die Moriu scc- Tliis .urn has been cpcndea in building two bridges of impoitance tiou of the ArgentcuiUud Howard^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^,^ ^^^ .-Uh which he has Mr. Hamilton, who lias loi ""'"' >""',,,„ ,v,„ f,,iio,,in.r report :— been oatrustod itt » very jadicious«>a»n«r makes t^^^^^ ™I am happy to bo able to inlorm you ™'' "'™ ' '„j fc,,, -irmins together 170 I cot quoted two bSffgcs, one of 105 fe'' - S^'^Jr/riad^^^^^^ ofaddrc».,n,g to you °''«fr°^pSii\r::sf:^Sx^^^^ 100 00 1 have ex- iSi-.O 00 TiO 00 operatio.:; for *ch I hav« on>J- *rg. ^ ^^^^^ j „i„U that hearth River and Wentworth Road. CouduCtOl— JAMKH ABMSTRON.i. Amount of appropriation - - ' Amount of expenditure - " j^,^,,th This road, whieh e.tcnd. towa^s the ^1^ -^;;;^rn4>an,a v^^ . With llivcr to the Township of Morin had ^^««^;,'^'^;^4^J L"^ ^"^^^^^^^^ vJhiclos over a distanee ■'" "'n-oir^uiS^irS'^sa-m^ rrS'e:^f:i,h f.o r,u,... or hardwood. •Stlo'LrtTaE^f nop ore a,. J^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ ' Lplotod, a„d if foo .rauts wcro Mr. Arms''""!; '"^T"'™ *f 'Lu be heM out rtich «onld eventually proem ,• mado to settlers a strong '"<'"';™fi'"°™V the County, '''"f :ror4o;v'S w™U^:^eTu^od to eompl^te tld, road West Gon: Road. Conductor— W. Smith. Appropriation !i^l&0 00 150 00 Amount disbursed - ■ " ' . „ow('v t.i As Mr Smith has not transmitted any report to this oft.ce, -t -s . 1 .U-c tny Li" f tb.. work done by him on this road. Chatham ond Wentworth Road. Conductor— Joseph Htjwon. Appropriation • Amount disbiusetl 950 Ou 50 00 81X por dec thr ma' the co^ W( '^. \\ tb taJ /l\ cc COLONUAIIOS BOAUU IN toWCT CiNABA. 25 ThU rmi begins in front of th. 10th range of Chjth.m, .nd i. open to a di.t.n(« of ,i. X^^'J *"" -l«r Zta^cVo^Te^lrror^in Went«r.h, but tbU In 1854 thi8 road WM °r™ '° « d'»»J« « ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^„ l„e take, up their red- r.rinXL'^^S^rcoIperd^tre^o get out, to make a eircuit of ten n,.!., '"%teeTsC"r.7i r.::rt i'uS\r„f !£I^ - '-'^. -»* 3SS^SHS?H»t'.h7iL-i^'^ ^'"Kre are several water powers upon thin road, and limestone is found in abundance. ( 11 >i' t<" /In Dalesville mnd Wentwortk Road Conductor— James CiiARK. Balance of the appropriation of 1860 Amount disbursed $50 00 50 00 Thi« balance was to be applied to the repair of certain parts of the road in front of the 10th range of Chatham, b^u? a. Mr. Clark has 3ent in no report, I cannot g^ve the de- twls of the work done by him. ^ Grenville and Arundel Road. Conductor— Henry Milwat. Appropriation Amount disbursed $100 00 100 00 Amount uiBuuiDcu , 1 -i • This road six miles in length, begins at lot No. 15 in the sixth range, whence it is eontilnrd by lot No. 8 in the 8t'h range%nd ends in the Government roaa. ^"'"Th. Township, of Harrington and Arundel, e.peoi.Uy the Utter, ar. being rapidly '"ir^Muly^hint" .TaJTo'cllJl' *u"oad. whieh i, verbahaed, a.umof .800 will be necessary COUNTIES OF ARGENTEUIL AND OTTAWA. ihtnvdk and Amherst Road. Conductor— John McCallum. Appropriation of 1859 Amount disbursed in 1861 $500 00 550 00 Tbia .oad begin, deep in the -CTX»C„St.;grth^ht"irt°^^^^^^^ ""'"tt'XSS aTatresate l.n..h of ,l« fa... and 1200 feet of c,o..w., h*ve bccu I iilt. 4 COLONIZATION ROADS IJ* LOWER CANADA. It - 'allura has juaiciouBly causea iu« ."a« .^ ,--^ miles from Ottawa. COUNTY OF OTTAWA. Wakefield and Portland Road. Oouductor-W. Hamilton. Appropriation of I860 Amount disbursed in 1801 ^800 00 SOO 00 Amount disbursed in 1801 - - vir'„v«fipl.l nasses through Temple- This road begins at lot No. 17 in the ^^\^--rj\T^l^^^^^^^^^ of'departure, . i 1 is to end in Portland at a distance of 1- o\^* ™V ^, ^^ _ ^U of this distance ''"' Ei'ht milS and nine arpents of road ^fj^ ^^^^V^P/.^^CreO ya^ds of crossway have - ^'-Vt:JC::SS;3Srei^;^abuilt iSthe remaining portion been constructed, and more in.in ^ "' ^^Thl^load, including bridges, has cost about J380 a inUo^ ^^ ^.,,,,, ,, ,- .. B;^. ^Si^oJ=o::r:V:^^- ^ve ma^., ... .rch, 1— ^^- !!^^irr^U one oV-^J- STi^'iSi^-^^ its opening will cause the Townships f^,^«™^^ 'settled rapidly, n whkh there are immense tract, of beautifu ^ J"^' ^^ « . ^^, ^.^e than 25 or 30 nnle.^ "The distance of this land trora the ^^*> «* ^^ ,^ ^.u-eady, that nearly the whole « So great has been the advantage '^fPf^Xbv he local agent during the last twolve of the north-ea.st part of WakeEeld has ^^^^7,^^^^^^^ ,.,, Uompleted in the com.ng snm- months and I anicertain, if the G^X^^^'^^jSrce in Denholm and Bowuku.. me? that five hundred settlers will t^'^^P^ in Bowman travel over this road. . ''- ^^fVK^I^portion of the pine has been romovea. but there is stiU .h leH to -^iz t^^:^^^^^ «^ ^^- «^' -' '-- '-''' '''''' '■""'^"' ''"" "^ ^n^^S;'^!^rsS!S^mbercHi^ COUNTS OF PONTIAC. Litchfield and Mansfield Road. OouductOT-MlCHAEL HUOHES. Appropriation Amount diibursed $500 00 500 00 /r It COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. 27 tl( ,„,„. S: p^S,lX'r rvlal ■ wf *r, po-ion i» not yet fini,hca;»od .„. «,. , to be widened in some places^ prelusive of bridges, ha.s been about ^100 a mile. The cost of the c«^nP^*°d,f„«f/,^^^^ fcngth, have been built at a cost ot Ten bridges, measuring altogether lUUlcct i« 'e°S >^ ^ ^f ^59. SIOO. 200 feet of crossway "^J.^^'^'^'j^J^^*^";;^^^^^^^^^ upon a bed of blue clay. The land along a p^'t of hjs -^ Xf^^,*^^^^^^^^^^^ .Vc ; in other part, the The wood IS P""°^P^"y P^°'';„\^ J^here the hardwood prevails. '-'' sTSi: jSary'gSL^dt^Vii^^ '' T'''""'- is verbalized. /r il COUNTY OF GASPfi. Ma. •'« " '■ I .i! 28 COLONIZATION EOAM IN LOT»E» CANADA Anse d la Louise Road, Conductor— John Hurley Appropriation Amonnt disbursed - S340 00 150 00 8190 00 expense of 8140. . Perci Road. Conductor— George LeBoutillier. Appropriation Amount disbursed $340 00 200 00 . . $140 00 which have an aggregate length of 9^ leet suggestions :— Mr. LeBoutillier in his report makes the t^»"o^;°«^5°| .^ ^^ absolutely necessary that wAt the point to which t^Vri^^lw^fd J forottrw sc, the lots being bold by a thorougbfare should be opened to the water s edge » ^o^ o™ ^ ; ^^^^ ^ j^^ke a circuit persons Uviug opposite on ^Je first concession it wUhn^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ Ic 12 miles to got there. The f tW Jf ^^^^^^^^^J^^^elon^der that they only devote to lowed at the same time by the same persons. The NorweffiaitR' Ruad^- Conductor— John Eden. Balance of the appropriation of 1860. - Appropriation of l861. . - - - S325 00 f)00 00 S5925 00 925 00 Amount disbursed ' . , ^ Two u«wro«a. have been opened i A. to, caaW^^^^^ ?,VC'>rbf/.-',ofN:t;t 2X:17^X a»i ai.0 «..a, .... a,t.e ■"""ThSad, are riwatcd in th. Township of Malbaic. , „^ ,j The OrBt of these road, has been of ened to ad stance of imi toot, '-' It:^^ ^:^\^:^^^^^ r'Sc manner to a distance of 6600 feet ; ^^'^1lrtt^S:oo;::rrrte^t length, ncr.. . .«..»«. ^o. lot ^ 88, in the 6.^? '^/e uort^^ to 1p^: N" IS i, the m range mtb, II to 0] bcsi csti: Ed( ma] far a ti Ba frc at UG CC d( 21 r( If and «i rOL0NlZA«ON ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. 2» besides 29 feet of crossway. ^ principal river, the cost of which w It will be necessary to erect a briagc over f r estimated at 8200. , j^ taken up their residence/' says Mr. Lt Cap RoBier, Syi''';}''''l.^^^^''i^\Z.7mlilrir,g tkc ptescut year, a.d there » « During the present season, 1 have a'^o empiujf^ „„„ned last vear. I have also cut '"°m" Bto- «ti,„alc. that a sum of «1500 «iU be re^uirea t» eemplete these «ver.! roads. _____ — Conductor— James McIsaac Appropriation - - " ' ' Amount disbursed - $120 00 ..t,^...^ , . . 120 00 Xh.roaat;raf;ilv-.^ -''\^':^ZT:^^:S^^^^oXX^rly hc'travenea in su.«r,eh.e.e., COUNTY OF BONAVENTURE. Roadu in Port Daniel. Conductor— William McLeod. Appropriation Amount disbursed 8100 00 100 00 *'%,,., road, v».s tb.-o»«h « coa.ido«ble tract »•' l.»d .d.vM N o»HW.O», I 80 CO£Oin»«I0M R0A01« m I01^E» CANADA. coyered with maple, black^ birch, piBd, taaaaraok and cedar. Many excellent water powers are ftnmd along utem, and alM liioestone. Mr. McLeod thinks that 3270 a mile will be required to complete the first of these roadft, aind tlOO a mile the eeoond. Les Rapides Road. Conductor — Nicholas Cavanagh. Appropriation - Amount disbursed $40 00 40 00 This road begins at the Church of St. Bonaventure, iu the Township of Hamiltou, and end» at the Eapide Flat. This road had been already opened but not finished, and with the sum appropriated BIr. Cavanagh has completed about eight arponta of road. The land along this road is good and well adapted for cultivation. There is plenty of wood, and colonization has advanced with rapid strides since the road has been opened. A sum of $600 will be necessary to complete this road as far as the Rapidc Plat. Road in Hamilton. Conductor — Jean Alain. Appropriation - Amount disbursed $200 00 200 00 On the 30th of October last Mr. Alain wrote that with one-half the appropriation he had opened 1350 feet of road, of which 700 feet had been laid with brush. As Mr. Alain has made no further report, it is not in my power to say how much road ho has made with the balance of the appropriation. Road in New Richmond. Conductor — William Montgomeey. Appropriation - Amount disbursed $60 00 00 00 With this sum Mr. Montgomery has completed a mile and a-quartcr of road between the second and third ranges. The lande in the rear of this Township arc excellent, and if this road were continued, Mr. Montgomery says that the third,fourth, and fifth ranges would be settled in a short tiiiu'. tc A tl /Iv North River Road. Conductor — William Ross. Appropriation - $200 00 Amount disbursed 200 00 This road begins at the Barachois dc Nouvcllc, in the Township of Hope, and iss in- tended to run back eight miles. Mr. Ross has made and completed about 420 feet of road from the bank towards the solid land. He was compelled to lay foundations of wood to a height of four feet in some places, ^hich were subsequently covered with faggots and gravel, but the tides wore so high last autumn that the road will have to be raised a foot and a-half more in order to keep it above the level of the water. In this work there were used not less than .00 torn wcitrht nf liirilxn', whifh wn'- \\\r uisiied.bjr iite persouH^interested in the road. 7crs JOLONIZATION ROAD* *N LOVTWl CASikS>X 81 This part of the road is very .Ufficult to make, and the "'f*'. ^«*«'"^i?*5^'^J"* necessary to make it passable. The work however is well done, and gives ample satiiftetion '' %VttTudB through which the road is to pass is good and adapted for cultivation. All kinds of wood are found upon it. This road will throw open to colomzaUon some thousnnas of acres of good land. A grist mill has been built, _ . To complete the road over the basin, $200 more will bo necessary. The rest of the road will cost from $140 to 8300 a mile. ind ted ■of he ich ecn ed, ino. Roods in Maria. Conductor— Joseph Mtchaud. Appropriation - Amount disbursed $300 00 800 00 The roads opened by Mr. Michaudare: ^ i. .u 1st A continuation of the road from the second to theiimrUi conceswon. 2nd. A new road from Irish Settlement to the great nver Cascapedia, in.rear ot Mr. Cutlibert's^miU.^ these roads begins at the line between the properties of Fran9ois^Serr6 and Isaac Leblauc, and is finished as far as the fourth concession; the extent ol road '^'"' Th7second ro^ad begTns at the line between the properties of the Rev^ M^ >lain and Mr McGre-or, and extends as far as Beaver Dam Creek, over which Mr. Michaud has built a bridie il6 feet in length. 2420 feet of this road have been merely opened. The cost of the completed road has been about $100 a mile, excluiive of the bridges. Some pieces of crossway have been built, and some still remain to be laid. /|\ "The soil along these roads" says Mr. Michaud, "is adaptedto cultivation, the wood bein'» principally white birch and maple with a little cedar. . , . ♦ .u "'The rSad from the second to the fourth concession offers great advantages to the settlers who have taken up their residence upon it, as it furnishes tliem With a means, ot communication with the seaboard by which they can transport their produce and lumber '' The road from Patricktown to the great river will also prove very 8ervic«»ble to residents in that locality, and will enable them to carry their gram to the mill. " There is a limestone quarry in Patricktown. .j, •« ^u « " The colonization of this Township would proceed much more rapidly if the road were continued as fur as the sixth concession, as there is a tract of good land, several miles in length, in the rear. There are persons who only aw^t the opening of the road and the snrvevine of the land, to go and settle there. , r. .i. • i „i,„„* «„ "The grain crops have been entirely free from the attacks of the midge or wheat-fly, and in the new land the crop of potatoes ha* been good." . n .. • + A urn of $800 will be^ecessary to complete the road from the fourth cpuceasion to Lake Mamkiswi, in the -sixth concession, and a further sum of «200 will 8U$ce to com- plete the Irish Settlement Road. m- the ast acp 'm Appropriation - Amount disbursed Paspebiac Road. (Conductor- Andre Loisel. $60 00 60 OO This road "begins near the church of Paspebiac and runs towards the interior, which no one has yet be°n able to reach, except through the woods in the winter, for want of a '"""^This rooi had been opened to the distance of one mile and a-half b^Mf^tS!!, ^k!!^ it has been coniinued 15 arpenta further across a mvame nearly covered with water, but this portion i^ lot completed. I 32 COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. There will bo three bridges to build, one 30, the secoud 50, and the third 'JOO I'eet in length ; the cost of these bridges Ih catimated at S600. There will also be two miles of crossway to lay. In tis report Mr. Loisel makes the following statements : — " In the rear of Paspebiao there is a large tract of land of excellent quality ; it is covered with a forest of maple and other hardwoods, continued \\ith a gentle slope towards the interior to a great distance, as also to the right and left. " If this road was continued ten miles further, the advantage to colonization would be very great. Most of our fishermen are only waiting for a road to go and work on the con-* cession lands which they have taken, and others will do the same, as soon a.s this road which has been so long called for, is completed. " There are some magnificent water powers upon the river Nouvelle ; there are also indications of limestone upon the surface, though no quarry has yet been discovered. " As to the statements which you ask for, respecting the progress of colonization, I am vexed to have to tell you that there has been hardly any, owing to there being no road, either in the neighborhood or into the interior. This is the great and only obstacle, which I hope will soon disappear." The grain harvested this year was not at all injured by the frost or fly. It is estimated that a sum of $1,000 will be required to complete the road, exclusive of the bridges. 1 ij i 1 n Road in Mann. Conductor — Samuel Sock. Appropriation Amount disbursed 360 60 00 00 This is a continuation of the Kempt Road, and ends at the Mission Road, a distance of about three-quarters of a mile. Of this extent one half has been opened during the present year, the other half hav- ing been previously so. A piece of crossway, 400 feet in length, has been begun, but ia not yet finished. The land in this locality is excellent, and is covered with hardwood, fir, &c. Mr. Sook thinks that $200 will be necessary to complete this road. Neio Carlisle Central Road. Conductor— James Flowers. Appropriation Amount disbursed $60 00 (50 00 This road begins near the English Church at New Carlisle, and is to be continued to a distance of eight milos, as far as the settlements situated at the upper part of the river Bonaventure. About 5i miles of it are now open. This road, which was commenced in 1857 by Mr. Wm. McDonald, has been continued this year by Mr. Flowers, who has opened a mile and a-half of it, of which distance eleven arpents may be travelled in summer vehicles; the remainder, which runs over iLsavanne, ia only practicable for winter vehicles. It is situated in the Township of Cox. A bridge 60 feet in length has been built, and another, situated in the part which was opened by Mr. McDonald, has been repaired. This road passes through a very rich tract of land, and many fine settlemont.s Lave been made upon it. The w( ods are maple, white birch, pine, fir, and cedar. A hundred settlers might fix their habitations along the road itself, and further back to the north there ia a large tract of fine land capable of containing a population of from 7,000 to 8,000 iohapitant^. /^ f yLO.MZATlON UOADS IN LOWEW CANA1>A. 83 There is a maguiliceiiL wator power ou the Outhboit brook iu the part of the voud which is not yet opened. A bridge 70 t'oct in Icn^^th, will have to be built over this brook and will cost, it is estimated, 8100. An abundant supply of limestone is also found along the road. Mr. Flowers thinks that it will be necegr^iry to appropriate S200 to complete the five miles of road r.lready opened, and n further sum of J8500 to complete the road as far as the river IJonaventure. At Bonaventurc a magnificent Catholic church, which co.st JtH.OUU, has just hf<»n tinished, and two Protestant churches have been begun at Port Daniel. The road is verbalized. / iV<»iP Glasgow Roae«l - This road take, its departure IVuiu the liivor Matapodia.in tho Tuwn«hip ot rhesau.e name! andTs continued for^i .uile. to u temporary chapel built by the Acadian.. and cedar! and U very well adapfed for the formation of asncultural settlements. COUNTY OF RIMOUSKI. Bridge over tht River Tortiyon. Appropriation Amount disbursed :»ig9 00 66 33 It is now It hocin.s Balance xemainiug - • • - $132 67 This bridKc, now in course of construction, i,s situated on tV. Sandy Bay Road. It was given out by contract on the 14th October last to Mr Edouard Landiy to be built according to the plan and specification furnished by the Municipal Council of the Townshin of McNider, for the sum of $199. , „ . . .l ^i i This bridge is to have 100 feet of road^vay from the edge of one pier to the other, and is to be completed on the 15th of next March. To Ruaid against accidents by tire, the contractor has bound himself to cut down the trees over a space of three-quarters of an arpent square at the northern end oi the bridge andhalfanarpent square ?t the southern end, and then to burn these spaces over and rake them clean. Begon Road. Couductor—TnoMAS P. Pelletieb. ... 8250 00 Appropriation ^"^^ " Amount disbursed ,.-.-- 2o0 00 The proposed length of this road is 30 miles, of which 18 have been traced, in a condition to be travelled by summer veliicles to a distance of ^ve miles^ •It the line between the Seigniory of Trois Pistoles and the Toynship of B6gon. Mr PclloS has thil year opened 22 arpents of road to the south of the rive I5ouibouscach6e ; he has also had 160 feet of roadway built, having an average height o ■ threfretHn order to provide against the overflowing of the river, whicli made that p.rt ot flip road dangerous in the spring. . , , ... He E also built an arpenfand a-half of erossway, so as to provide settlers at a distance with means of transporting their crops. These various works have cost 684 42. . . . , i •.. .i i „ ♦u„» Mr. Pelletier has retained the balance of the appropriation in hand with the I'^pc that the department will bo pleased to authorise him to indemniiy those se tiers ^''^'^v'l .nk eueroSsly contributed to the building of the Bouabouscach^e bridge by ^^^'"""^ "S «" > ha"f of their wages, in hopes however that the Government would grant them the other half anotW W- ^^^ Pellctier, "passes through soil which is generally good ancl adapted for cultivation : it is covered to the south with pine, tamarac, fir, cedar, and ""'^'^ This road promotes colonization ; the old settlements increase in extent every year, new ones soriniz UD, una tnauKS 10 lue assi3uiui.c ut i^e .^,..,.,..^.«. .- - ~-^ ■• kTS'S the bttildiDg of tho btiag. over the BItct Bou.bou8».oh«e whioh allowed i t M COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. 85 M of the flowin;?, in May last, of the mos^ fortilo of the lands sitaated to the south of that beau- tiful river, the crop this year will be thrfto times as great as that of any preceding year. " This new route furnishes the settlers in B<^gon, at the present time, with the moans of easily exchanging their surplus crops with the trat^f'rs. " The magnificent sugaries, situated in the upper part uf this Township, have boon worked on a much larger scale since the opening of tht, road in riuestion. "There arc several water powers, upon two of which mills arc being built, but I have not met with any limestone f|uarrics, or any trace of veins of iron ore or any other useful mineral. * * ''^'' * * '' Since the opening of the B6gon road, colonization has advanced with rapid strides, and the population has been nearly quadrupled. . .... <' Last October a site for a church was fixed upon by the ecclesiastical authorities, in the Township of B6gon to the south of the river Bouabouseachee. " The increase in the value of landed property since the opening of a road in the Township of B<$gon has been at the rate of 400 per cent. " The grain grown in the greatest quantity in the neighbourhood of the road under my superintendence, consisted of wheat, barley, oats, rye and peas. " The frost and the fly did no injury to the crop this year." The sum necessary to complete this road as traced will amount to about ?2,000. St. Eloi Road. Conductor—CHABLES Tiibbiault. Appropriation $420 00 Amount disbursed 420 00 This road begins at the third range of Dcuonville, and is open as far as the Tache road. Mr. Th^riault begun his labors at the Tachd road ; working from thence he has cleared sixteen arpcnts of road, and completed fourteen to a width of twenty feet. Several small bridges have beea built, and sis arpents of road have been laid with brush and subsequently covered with sand, _ The bridge over the river Mariaquaiche, which was in a ruinous condition and exposed the settlers to considerable danger, has been rebuilt this year in a substantial manner. It is 130 feet long. hte Vertc Road. Conductor — J. Et. Fbaser. Balance of the appropriation of 1860 Appropriation of 1860 - - • - S 32 15 250 00 282 15 282 15 Amount disbursed This road is now open as far as the Tache Road, which here passes over the boundary lino between the 8th and 9th ranges of the Township of Vigor. , . , . About one mile and five arpcnts have been opened this year, aud of this a part is Thirteen aiponts of crossway have been laid, and a bridge 18 feet in length has been built Besides this a bridge, 156 feet in length and 18 feet wide, which had been de- stroyed by fire, has been rebuilt. Eight arpcnts of old road have also been repairod. Two bridges will have to be built on this road ; one over the river Marmquaiche, estimated to cost SlOO, the other over a stream, which will cost 850. The settlers arc .ibsolutely in want of these two bridgog, as they are going in groat numbers to take up their abode iu this neighborhood v n i. »• vr " The upper part of the Sth rang* as woli as tea yth, ' says .'Ir COLOMZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. J promise of being Tory advantageous to colonization. The soil is of the best quality, and the forest is the flncst I have ever scon. Everywhere wo And extensive sugaries which arc now worked, and some of the Indians employed upon the road told mo that the Tacho load could not bo better located than in this place." A sum of 8150 will be necessary to complete the road, exclusive of the bridges. Appropriation - Amount disbursed Viytr lioml. Conductor— L. 31. Lapointe. S2o0 00 2.')0 00 ThiM road, which begins at the post between the seigniory a d the Township of Vigor, is now open as far as the 12th concession, less seven or eight arpcnts. 20 1 arpents of road over the llih range of Vigor have been opened and completed this year, aud this gives an extent of seven miles of road fit to be travelled in summer vehicles. Three arpcnts of orossway have cost 836. ... As the part of the road situated on the oth and (ith cuuccbsiuu if out of repair m ( ousequcncc of the great traffic and the little care bestowed upon it, there being but few settlers there, 3Ir. Lapointe suggests that a part of the appropriation of next year should be applied to making the necessary repair,". (Kxtractfrom Mr. Lapointo's lleport. ) «• 111 support of what I liavc said of the excellence of the laud ia the concessions beyond llio 7th, I will here mention a fact which excited the admiration of .several well informed persons. The road over the 8th and half the Oth concessions had never been sown with hay seed except with what had fallen from a few bundles of hay carried by persons going to sec the lands in the vicinity during the first year it was opened ; this part uf the road would this year have yielded 000 bundles o*' hay if it had been made in the iiropcr season ; some would even have estimated it at 1000 bundles. The land which i.'« being cultivated on the 1st and 2ud concessions can never yield us hay .«o long and so well headed as that grown in this place. Beyond the Oth concession the manufacture of maple su'>ar is actively carried on. Thirty-six sugar houses have been built on both sides of this road, which produce, on an average, about 25000 pounds of sugar every year. Were the road continued as far as the maple forests mentioned in my preceding report, this number would be quadrupled in a few years. " •'Colonization is advancing with rapid strides in Vigor; I do not think that any ol (he adjacent townships can compete with it in respect of progress. Its population, which in 1851 amounted to only 40 souls, now reaches a total of from 10(»0 to 1100. " Only one chapel lias been built in Vigor; a site for another is, however, under cou- jiidcration. ■ i i " The value of real property has been doubled within four years in several places, and as exceptions some properties have been quadrupled in value. 3Iy neighbor's farm was offered to mc for §300 four years ago; now the proprietor refuses §800 for it, and ho will get more. I know settlers, v»'ho with young families, began the clearing of the lots which they occupy eight, ten, and twelve years ago, whose whole stock consisted of a hoc, ;m axe and sometimes a horse ; now these settlers would not give up their possessions for loss than from 81000 to 82000. A friend of mine who expended $125 in the purchase of lots in Vigor, ten years ago, now holds property worth 36009. Tic told me a few days since that he expected to pay the ijriest this year the tithe of 800 bushel ■> of good grain, and one or two other individuals might say as much." Two saw-mills have been built, one in the seventh imd the other in the eighth range. At the end of the road ae opened, a bridge will have to be built over the River Senc- .^copc, the cost of which is estimated at from 880 to 8100. This road i? only verbalized «o far a" that portion situatid in the livit four .onoejj-iioiirs \n ppnccyno4' ' COIONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. 37 ,St. Modcftc Koad. Conductor — N. Miville. Ajtproprialion ^-50 00 Amount disburised 250 00 This road begins at the third raugj of Whitworth, and is to cud at the Tcmiscouata road. riftccu avpcuts of road have bccu levelled this year ; it w now open ub far as the line between the eighth and ninth range?. Although this road is not finished, it ia, however, iu a til state to bo travelled by sum- mer vehicles as far as the Tach<5 Iload, a d:.?tance of six uiilc*. Several small bridges have been built, as well a<' two arpc.ii.- >jI' eroHsway and brush- work covered with earth. Mr. Miville has, moreover, repaired the Joad ovir the sixth concession, where there wore some large boulders. That over the fifth concession will also require repairs. The following statements arc extracts from Mr. Miville's Report : — " The third, fourth, fifth, eixth and seventh concessions of Whitworth are stony, but the soil is very good. The other higher concessions are as good as can be desired, and will be vcy easy to colonize. " The land ia covered with line hardwood, such as maple and birch ol" an extraordi- nary height and girth ; the first concessions above mentioned are covered with soft wood of all kinds. "The advantages which this road ofl'ers to colonization arc certainly incalculable, a,s there arc a great many concessions to be opened abounding in excellent land, (specially if it be continued to the Lf.ke Tcmiscouata road, which will establish direct «-ommunication between these settlers and those of Madawaska and New Brunswick. "Tlicrc are ten or twelve water powers in the Township of Whitworth, and also a limestone quarry of superior quality in the ninth range. '^ * '^ " The grain grown in the greatest :burscd .$oOO 0(» 590 00 Mr. Fournier has this year completed the jiioijo of road previously opened, besides 22 arpents of new, and six arpents have been merely cleared. This road is now opened to a t 'stance ol' two miles, of which one mile and three- quarters may be travelled in summer ... " oue-quavter iu winter vehicles only. The cost of the road, exclusive .ifbriu n', has been about 8520 a mile. Several bridges, having an agg! ,;'iO i< ^th of 79 feet, have been built at an expense of $51. " If we may judge," says Mr. Fou.nier, '• from the number of settlements which arc to be found in the vicinity of tlie road, th. soil would seem to be very well adapted for cu'tivation. " This road will be if it should soon be contii worthy of observation that the further we go south, the better we find the laud to be, and the clearer of stones, which are but too common in our more immediate neighborhood. This road will moreover be of great service in the gettin-/ ont of our forest produce, as there is still much merchantable lumber to be found there. Several water powers exist in the neighborhood of the road. The harvest in this vicinity has been very good this year, and the grain was not injured by the frost or the fly. According to Mr. Fournicr's estimate a sum uf?5500 will be required to complete this road. jc very advantageous to the colonization of the Crown Lands, especially / i ontinued as far as the Tache road, or even beyond it, for :*; is a fact ' > fai pi ro as E U Appropriation Amount disbursed Elijiii Road. Conductor — Stanislas Drapeau. - - - S2500 00 - - - 2500 00 Three milts and thirteen arpents of road were t,ompletcd iu 1861, and of this 16J arpents were laid with brush. It has also been found necessary to make IS! ,'irpents of ditches in order to drain the land. Besides this, twenty arpents of erossway, begun in 1S60, have been ooinpkted at a cost of 8160. Two large bridges have been built over the Black llivev; one l.'i.'J and the other 1.32 feet in length ; 2.3 small bridges, having a total length of 112 fcf those COLOxVIZAXro.N aoADS IN LuWEB LANAJBA 89 I \ f t families wlio have settled aloug thff front icr, it h to be hoped that this road will bo com- pleted during the coining season. " The f^dil id generally fertile, aUlumgh it is stony in ^^uule pluccd ; soft wood predomi- nated. However the nspeet of the eountry changes rapidly as we approach the Tach6 road; thorc the soil becomes less .stony, and hardv.'Ood is found in greater quantity. It is asserted that tin; value of the hinds f^ituated in the interior of the cantons crossed by the Elgin Road is still greater, and the quality of the soil still better. * " No injury was done in these parts by tlie frost or the fly this year. " Several saw mills arc at work and doing enough to supply the wants of the settlers. " Steps are uow being taken to ascertain what means must be employed for the erec- tion of one or two chapels during the winter." Tachi liocd. Conductor— Stanislas Duapeau. i\ppropriation Amount disbursed Balance remain! n;^ jfl2,300 00 0,500 00 5,800 00 The extent of road made in 18G1 aiaounts to eleven miles and three arpents, which is fit to be travelled in wheeled vehicles. An extent of 22 arpents has been crosswaycd ; part of this is situated on a savanne not provided with the wood necessary for this kind of work, which consequently had to be brought I'rora a considerable distance upon men's shoulders. It has also been found necessary to make largo ditches over an extent of 14 J arpents, at an expense of more than S130. Forty-six small bridges have been built over streams ; these have a total length of 202 feet and cost $190. Three large bridges, measuring together 291 feet, have also been built over the Black River at a cost of .^;390 19. The cost, exclusive of the bridges, has been ^494 a mile. The Taehe road, the proposed length of which is 209 miles and 40 chains, is now open and in a fit condition to be travelled in wheeled vehicles to a distance of 46J miles, viz. : eight and a-half miles in the County of Kamouraska, 18 miles in the County of L'Islet, and 20 miles in the County of Bellechassc. The soil over which this road passes is broken and stony, but of very good quality. This road, in consequence of the facilities with which it may be reached by means of the numerous transverse roads which open into it from the old settlements, will give a powerful impulse to the colonization of this beautiful part of the country. Already settlements are springing up aloug the whole of the road opened, and as IMr. Drapeau remarks, there is not a sufficient number of free lots along the Tachi? and Elgin roads to supply all the young settlers who are anxious to obtain them. In his excellent report, Mr. Drapeau remarks : " There are now 18 miles of road tit for travel in the County of L'Lslet, nine on each side of the Elgin road. " The land is generally adapted for cultivation, and the wood is mixed. As the open ing of the road is proceeded with, the larul is taken by settlers who clear them in the hope of thereby ensuring possession when permits of occupation aro offered to them. la the County of L'Islet there aro more young men desirous of obtaining land than there aro lots to be conceded gratuitously on the Elgin and Tachi* Roads. "The lands in the rear aro also highly extolled by those who have visited them. " With, respect to the quality of the soil and other inibrmation about the place, I think 1 cannot do better than refer you to what is said in Messrs. Carrier and Gagnon's reports of last year, in which they speak at length on the subject. " Before concluding," however, I consider myself bound in justice to testify publicly how mucli I am indebted to Messrs. Carrier and < r.-ignon, assi.stant ooiiduetors of the vorks for 1861, for the zeal which they exhibited in the executioa of their duty, by vigilant at- tention to^ and economical direction of the work committed to their care. I am h»pp7 to the Ta«-}u'- 40 roLOMZATlO.X llOAUS IN L'jWJKU i iN LOW£B CANADA 41 and i lloail It iti open aa fuf ad tli- Kuitisjcau fVrre iu Ashburtou, but is cuiuploUd ad fai only as the 8th concessiou. Mr. Cot6 has this year (.oiuplcted 21-5 arpcuta of road. About eight mile.,»ll .l.:,n„u- .Im'i, II,. /s.nvca l»»l, .p':""-'- M"'" "'»" 1»» open mill pasisablc." \ f COUNTY OF DOFvCIIESTEll. Elchcmin Road. Conductoi— Eev. L. RorssEAu. Appro))vlatiou Amount disbursed SI 200 00 1200 00 This road ]io-ins tit tlie northern an-lo of C'ranhouruo, and shouhl as it i.. laid out, cross th^Cn'hi'^s of Craubourne, Watford, and Metgcrmette, and (-nd ,n the Koneboe road, a distance iu all of about 30 miles. w i ti.; . ,...,.. Seven miles of this road have beeu opened and completed this >*^'*^- ,.,„,,. , , A b^Wse has been built over the lliviere a la Fleur, 95 feet long and 12 feeth.^h, at ^^u exncnse of 8107 («200 were demanded for the building of it by contract). "" 'X;:^:eeu;the.^Lall bridges, having a total.lengtli .>f 120 ^^^^^J^ ^:^^^^;^ Iksides this, all the wood necessary for the erection ot a bridge over the iivei htchemm Ins been cut, snuared, and brought to the spot. ,. , • , i i „ Mr lloussLu 1k:s also laid' 7 A arpents of crossway, five arpents ot which have been covered with earth ; he has also had five miles of ditching dug. The c" St of each completed mile, exclusive ol" tiio bridge over the Riviere .\ la Heur, '" ^^if S^Sugh which this road runs," says Mr Rousseau - hi-xcellent report, '< is of oood duality, especially that part lying between the Riviere ;t la Fleiu- and the l.l- el iilnlliveJ. All th'e lots,'except live ir six have been taken as ftir as tl- Jj.tchoimu river, and on many of them clearing has already been commenced. Iwo families h.uc ])oen livinsr there for several weeks. u i>- •^.. "There are many water powers iu the vicinity of this road, especially on the Riviere '^ ^''' ^''tL road will certainly be of great advantage to colonization, by facilitating uc<-es,s to the townships of Watford and Mctgermctte, where there is very good land, which cannot, however, be reached by the settlers until the road IS opened. r f , ■ fl,o " Colonization advances with tolerable rapidity in our neighborhood. As last a. 1 e roada arc opened, laud is taken and cleared. Since last year the population of St Malachit and Staudon has received an increase of twenty laiuilics. . • , * • i i -. '< During the last four years the value of lauded property has certainly trii.lod. ■ §100 Uii 100 00 BucJdanil and iilanlun Ruad. Conductor— Rev. L." Rotr.ssEAi . Amount appropriated . - - - Amount paid This road starts from the line between Frampton and Buckland, and [;'11"W»".^, <''•; line between Buckland and Standou, crosses the 2nd, lird and 4th ranges oi I uokland. . t will, ut a future period, be extended as far as the road leading to the township ot maii- loux, and will open a eominunicationi with the Tach6 road. , , . » i This road is parallel to the road opened last year between lots 2:. and LI, -ml ranuo of Buckland. ,. , ,.^ ,, , „ Thi« vear there has been opcued and completed is arpents oi roadway ht lor sunmu'i ^'^ " Mr. Rousseau says that the lands iu th.' vicinity of this road, though stony are of good quality, and that th»y havo been conceded as far as the 4th range ot Buckland. COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. 43 h^ Ste, CInirc and S'. Ma/.ach'.e Road. Conductor— F. IIouleau. Aiuouut appropriated SlOU 0L> Aiuouut paid - 100 0(» This pum lias been expended in improving and ropairiun' about 2-1 arpcuts of the road. Mr. lluuloau Huccocdcd in obtaining:; 80 d;)y's statute labor, from the parties on who.sc land the work has been done. I uivc below Mr. llouleau's report, which will f;ivc a better idea , tbo had n!' wild Uny-h, •.i\(h\'M\)g $h«' townships of i'ronboMrno, W.-itiord, Metgermette, Ware, Langevin and nanquam, h now, nv will he next ye.nr, aeocs-s'lble by the following voute.f :— I 46 COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. Wll " Ist. Stc. Claire and St. Malachic dc Fiamptoii. "2nd. Stc. Marguerite and St. Edouard dc Fraiuptou. "Srd. Stc. Marie, or St. Joseph and St. Edouard dc Frauiptun. '' 4th. St. Joseph, or St. Frangois dc Cranbournc. " 5th. St. George, or Liuierc and Watford. " 6th. St. Gcrvais and the Forticr road in Bcllcchaso. " The 1st, 2nd and (3th of these roads arc open ; the other llircc will hv. opened within a J ear. " The tlwco latter, namely, Nos. o, 4, and 5, will run as iollows :— " 1st. No. o will start from ''La Grande Ligue dc Stc. Marguerite," between St. Edouanl dc Frampton and the Seigniories, and cr-^ssing^Frampton (the two parishes) will terminate at the 9th range. " 2nd. No. 4, starting from '• J^a grandc lignc de Ste. Marguerite,"' between Cranbournc and the Seigniories, will cross Cranbonrne, passing in front of the lot selected for the site of a new church, and terminate at the great Etchcmin road already referred to. " 3rd. No. 5, starting iVom ^' La grand ligno dc Stc. Marguerite," between Watford and the Seigniories, passing through Watford and crossing the Etchcmin road therein, will terminate in the Township of Langevin, where it will connect with a new road (which I purpose applying to the Government for) to cross Ware and Standon. " These roads arc a matter of absolute necessity, and in view of the ever-increasing rccjuircments of colonization, I am persuaded the Government will ask for a larger appro- priation this year, in behalf of this great work. If jtcrsuasion were needed, 1 could further ftate that I am informed by the Rev. Mr. llousscau, cure of St. Malachie dc Frampton, that all the lots throughout the greater part of the five miles of the Etchcmin road opened this year, have been taken up, and clearing has been commenced thereupon. Moreover, several farmers intend ta occupy new lots on that part of the road which has been merely traced out, under the conviction that the Government will treat them with the same liber- ality as the others." V H: I COUNTY OF BEAUCE. Dorset Road. Conductor — Louis Labrecque. Amount appropriated in ISGO " '< 1801 8300 00 217 «i'.» 517 60 517 00 Amount paid This road starts from the Lambton road in Forsyth, and couneuts with the road opened by Dr. Douglas in Dorset. Four and a-quarter miles of the road have been opened, of which one mile i^ completed ._ Two bridges, forming a united length of 50 foot, have been constructed, at a cost of §50, and a certain extent of roadway made with brush . The mile completed cost $300. The land along the first part of the ruad is good but stony, and covered with mixed timber. But in the neighborhood of Dorset, the land i?« infinitely better and timbered with maple. This road will facilitate the settlement of Dorset, a very fine Township. There arc two water-powers, upon one of which a saw-mill has been built. A number of settlers have lonatcd themselves along the road, and the value of property has doubled within a few years. Mr. Labrecquc estimates that it would rc(tuire STOO to tomplctc this road. (lai/Iiurs/ liiHtif. <'onduotov-~Ko:M A [\ Da i,t, a ij\ \-: Amount approprititot Ammml paid 800 00 »'(>I,ONl/ATiON tlt'AO'i IN LOWER I'ANADA. •17 This io;ul I- tea nnlv^ in Kn^tJi ; it starts iruiii the ,000 to finish the road. " A few settlers have already made clearings, and a great many others are awaiting the appointment of an agent, in order to take up lots ; and I feel sure that all the lands will be taken so soon as the agent shall have received his instructions." COUNTY OF MEGANTIC. (rrosse hie and Elylith Ranje Rocuh. Conductor — Iunace RonEROK. Amount appropriated Amount paid - Balance remaining «300 00 200 00 100 00 Out of the $200 advanced to Mr. Roberge, he expended 852 32 in improving the [y (Jrosse Isle road, and 809 93 for similar work on the Eighth Range road, leading to the railroad depot. Roth these roads arc within the parish of Ste. Julie de Somerset. The Eighth Range road runs in great part through a low tract of land, so that extensive works must be carried out in order to render it fit for summer travel. It has been suggested that the balance remaining in the hands of the conductor should be expended in bridging the River nre, which crosses the latter road. As 3Ir. Roberge has sent in no report, it is out of my power to furnish details with reference t.. the amount of work done. COUNTY OF NICOLET. Missouri Road. Conductor — Alexis DESFOssfis. Amount appropriated, 1860 " paid in 18bl §100 00 100 00 This road commences at the Missouri concession, in the parish of St. Gri'goire, and ends at range St. Michel, in the township of Aston, parish of St. C(3lcstin. With the above sum two miles and 19 arpents have been opened as a winter road, with a breadth of 13 feet, 87 arpents being between the fiefs Brnyire and Roctaillade, and 3S arpents within the Township of Aston. Several small bridges have been made, and half an arpent of crossway. From the concession of St. Michel, in the first range of Aston, the road is open as far as St. Christophe, and is passable for wheeled vehicles, though not completed at all points. The soil along the road is good, and it leads to lands of the very best quality. Mr. Desfoss<5s states that within the last few years, more that two hundred persons liave settled in Astcn, ami that if the road were iini.shcd, the number would be inore thari doubled within a couple of years. A fresh appropriation of S800 would bo required for the completion of this road. 48 " OLOMZATIOaN HOADS IN' I,OWK« CANADA. "1 COUNTY OF DRUiMMOND. fiini,( from »SV. CuiilluHine tu St. Jiojuivciititrt. (Jouduotor — J. T. Pell£tiek. Balance of appropriation of 1801 - - - lgl70 Oo Amount paid --.... HQ 00 i»alanco rcmnining 5J140 00 la 1861 Mr. Pclleticr gave out by contract the making of live arpont.s of crossway, at the rate of 812 per arpcnt. These works were executed to his entire satisfaction by Mr. Frangois Lomoine, and he has made a contract with the same party for the completion of six additional arpents of crossway, for the sum of §72. The.\\ Road from Wickhani to the Acton Depot, Conductor — TnoJi.is Brady. Balance ofanpropriation of 1860 - - - 8138 00 Amount paid 138 m There has bceu completed this year one milo of thin road, previously opened, on the ^Oth range of Wickham, with a ditch on one side^five feet in width and six in depth. The two remaining miles, on the 11th and 12th ranges, are passable for winter vehicles. ( roLONIZATiO.v ROAD* IN LQWRB CANADA i9 Thr. iidjoiujng lauJ,s aro adapted to «cttlcmeut, uud are being rapidly cleaied up Wickhan.?nr '"-^ alon^ thohno of road; and it in only five mile/ d.Htaat ?L the T}TauT\ """««'/*"','* "«•« r«»|:P^«ed for richnc8« by any other in the couuTrv IfvatioL '" '"'""''' ' '''■"'"'^' '"■" "'^'''^ ''" •'"""^"^"^ tract of land filfbr cut Mr. Brady thinks it ^il! cost moO to finish tho two miles yet to be made \ COUNTY OF WOLFE. Wottoa and Wdfestovm Road. Conductor — J. T. Lebel. Amount appropriated in 18G0 - - 8600 00 '•' paid "1861 - - . 600 00 This road comraeuccB at the main road in Wotton, crosses the Township of Ham of\\Westown ^"''"^*'^' ""'^ ""'" *^'""'^°°**' *° ^'^^ Qo^Xonl road, in the Township Mr. Lebel began his work at the Pacaud road in Ham, in the direction of Wotton. and opened as a winter road an extent of three miles and 10 arpents, with a width of 24 feet Ihe tollowmg is an extract from Mr. Lebel's Report :— " The land cros.sed by tJiis road is, generally speaking, high and fit for cultivation : tlie same may be said cf the adjacent lands. " This road presents many advantages for colonization, and will afibrd great facilities to a large number of persons, and enable them to settle upon the vast number of vacant lots still remaining in the Townships of Ham, Wotton and W^olfestown." " There are numerous wator-powcrs on the river Nicolct and its tributaries, which will nc available lor the future requirements of these localities. *■ * * \ (Colonization has made immense strides in the county within the last five years, ana I can assert without exaggeration that the population is now double what it was hve years ago." Mr. Lebel thinks this road will coxt $600 per mile. Wefdon nnd Liiifjiplrk Road. Conductor— Ohas. Tanotjav. .Vmouut appropriated - - . . . §300 00 " paid 300 00 One mile and a half of this roadway lias been completed this year. Thi^^ road is four miles in length, and is now practicable for summer vehicles throughout ; but improvements uie required at diflfcrent points, amouuting to a quarter of a mile. Several small bridges have been made and two crossways, measuring 500 feet, at a r-ost of li>41. i^ir. Tanguay has also brushed and covered with earth one mile of roadway Ihe soil along the road consists in some places of black earth over blue clay, and' in ..thers of grey earth and .sand. The timber consists of tamarack, cedar, maple and birch. When the bridge over the river St. Francis shall have been built, the road will be of great benefit to parties desirous of settling on the vast tract of splendid land>» tlirouo^h which it passes. "^ By means of its junction with the St. Fianvois road in Lingwiok, it affords a direct route for parties desirous of settling on the shores of that noble sheet of water, Lake Me- gantic. There is a magnificent water-power on this road. According to Mr. Tanguay, the popuiation of Weedon baa doubled within the last six ye»w. I '■ )' 5U COLOMZAI'IO.N K('.VI''« IN l.nWKU < A NAD A COUNTIES OF WOLFE ANJ) RlCIIMONlx IViidU'ir niiif Wotloii JIuikI. Conductor — Uemt JkNorr IJalaiiff i.if itpproiiiiiitini! of IS')'.) Amount appropriatoil in 1> to 18 feet in v,'idth, simply removing the stumps and roots, and levelling the road to that widtli. As far as the middle of the fourth concession, the .soil is dry and well adapted to the con.truction of a good road, and our operations were conducted in the same way as in the third concession; at the beginning of the fourth conees- Hion, we were obliged to leave the original tracing of the road and follow the line described in tVGin-ucha-verhLil, and we we-e thus compelled to make six arpents of new roadway, on three of which the tind)er was standing and on the other three the stumps. On the last three arpents we liad to make a small bridge, about 18 feet in width, across a little stream. Ou the other half of this concession we repaired the bad parts of the road as well as possi- ble, so as to render it practicable. T had u crcssway of about one-half of an arpcnt in length made on t'ns section, at a point w -re vehicles were compelled to leave the road and make a great round in order to pass ; liere properly speaking, towards the middle of the fourth cunce.'SsioD, begins the swamp section, extending as far as the middle of the fifth coDcession, being about a mile in length ; here we did nothing but pull up the stumps and roots over a width varying from fifteen to twenty feet ; and in my opinion there was nothing to he done in tliis place for the present, beyond preparing the gr r ui.' for the cross- way which will have to be laid, if a good road is to be made here. In ll: • A\u'y half of the fifth concession the road had been opened to nearly its full width as far as the sixth concession ; the .stumps and roots have been oil removed and the ground has been levelled to a width of from fifteen to eighteen feet. " If the rain had not injured our works of this summer and last autumn, we should have the pleasure of seeing the Windsor and Wotton road in a tolerably fit condition to be travelled in summer vehicles throughout its entire length; as it is, it is certainly passable, but in a .state requiring great repairs, especially that part which is situated in the township of AVotton. and at which we worked last autumn. There will be an excellent winter road throughout the whole extent of this road. The united length of the various pieces oi' erossway, made by nie upon the four miles of road at which I have wori^ed this summer, is from three and a half to four arpents ; these have cost about ten dollars an arpent, and if it is the intention of the Government to have the swamp above mentioned crosswayed, the expense entailed by this work must not be votimated at less than eight or ten dollars an arpent. '■' '■ '■'•' ■■' ''• '•'■ '•■ '■'• ''' " The advantages conferred upon coloniiiation by the completion of the Windsor and W'otton road would bo very great, for in sucli a case, all those who come liero with a view of settliutTi would uot return dlscourasxed fit the apnenrauco of rtwv roads in some place,s, and the total lack of them in others, and it would, moreover, facilitate the settlement of new roads, where the new settlers establish themselves, and where above all there is excel- f i 1 I h his year as iutendence his report : IS (lie tnird ;s m:ulo on nds of ccr- 1 tho third option of a Its J on tho stumps and concession, •ations were irth conces- lesci'ibed in oadway, on [)n the lasi ittle stream, ell as possi- a arpcnt in e the road s middle of I of the fifth stuTTips and there was tr the eross- u'Y half of •i the sixth 'cn levelled we should dition to ho ly passable, le townshiji ivinter road 'i pieces ul' is summer, arpeut, and erosswayed, ten dollar.-i 'indsov and ivith a view ome places, ttlement of jre is excel- COtONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. 61 ( 11 lent land to be cleared, that is to say the tract to the south of the Windsor and Wott n road. '* I have great pleasure in recording the arrival, since the month of December last, td' twenty-four ucw families who have come to settle in our Township, and of whom three- fourths have tukcn up their residence in the vicinity of the Windsor and Wotton roai. During the past summer I had also the pleasure of seeing several Canadian families, who h.id returned from the T'nited States, take up their abode in the midst of us. " The ofdoni/ation of our tine townships has at length takru a start, and in n few years we shall sec large and fine parishcn spring up in the midst of our forests. I sincerely regret that it is not in my power to say that all who came to visit our Township, settled here ; were such the case, instead of tweuty-fuur familiej*, I should have had to say that fifty had settled in our neighborhftod during the eleven preceding months alone. "I am told by credible persons that all the adi'ic lioiul in Wcstbvry. Conductor — FnAxcis Loomis. Appropriation - Amount disbursed nbOO 00 500 00 This road takes its dcjtarture Ironi .Shcrbrooke, passes through Westbury and ends at Dudswell. The proposed length of this road U IVj miles, viz. : live miles in Ascot and fiJ in Westbury. The extent opened this year is oS miles, two of which may be travelled in wheeled vehicles ; the remainder can only be tised fur winter vehicles ; this; part of the road i.s in the township of Ascot. .Several small bridges liavc been built, and half a mile of road has been laid with brush. • The soil in the vicinity of thii» road is good and adapted I'or agricultural purposes. The wood is of good quality and of various kinds. This road leads to Stoke, Westbury, Dudswell, Weedon and Ham, where much excel- lent land is found ; and it is a matter of the greatest importance that this road should bo completed at the earliest pi.-siblc period. Tt is also the most direct means of communica- tion between these townships and the railway. In Westbury, on the river St. Francis and its tributaries, there are some excellent water-powers, which cannot be made availa})lo on account of the want of roads. InJWestbury and Dudswell arc found limestone and hue quarries of marble, which can- not bo worked for the same reason. Mr. Loomis estimates that a sum of ^i>,.'iOO will be required to complete this road. ydboum': Roai I. Conductor — Louis Pes avlm Kits. Appropvia.,ou i^oOU 00 Vmount disbui'ieJ - > . . 300 00 This mad begins at lot No 19 in the 6th range of .Melbourne, and emts at the Hue of the Gore of llrampton. 52 COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWER CANADA. Three and a-half miles of this road h^re been opened, only half a mile of which has A bridge, 50 feet in length, has been erected at an expense of ?30 The wo,^ i°tilcd^ '""^ '' '*" ^°°^ *^"'"*^ '"^ '^'P*'^ ^■'^'" ^^"cultural settlement.. i^m^ If LnS ^''Ti nnn^'^n'^P''''''' ^P°," ^'^^^'^ *» ^i" ^^^^ ^^^^ built A sum of SnOO or «1,000 will be re juircd to complete this road. It IS Terbalizcd. ' COUNTY OF COMPTON. Hereford and Auckland Road. Contractor—F. B. 3IcNamek. r.to rff S "'''"• i''^ this road were given out by contract to Mr. F. B. McNamce, at the rate of $488 a mile ; of this distance H miles are completed. Two bridges have been built over Hall'. Creek, each of which h 35 feet in lenrrtli Six arpcnts of causeway have likewi.so been made ^ Th« road is only open as far as lot No. 18 in the Gore of Hereford, and vet the set tiers have gone through the forest as far as lot No. 23 in the range Rof Auekland the rerrks"?f^Ve^ ReT^ff T « 'rl ^''* "°^ '^'!! ''""^'^ '^' ^'''^'''^' ^''« f«»owing ar. inorde;^t:JlJ^X:^^^^^^ IS^ - Jf r^ ,\' ''^^ ^".'^^^'^ ^°^ '^"^^'""'i ™^d^ «•> th'^t the hfnd on each s[de ;f tha road might be taken, and its success has been verv great But nov/lhuJu^lT .f *!, ,"^/*J<'„^»^*=^^'f en tw'» be pleased to have this road opeii-d J will uml,M-Hln fl,o. m^fr.f^■ '^T^\'^' ^' ''^'^ ''''''^ "^^^'^ •" advanceTfh^ Workmen mt^^Lh la,c year, an. al.o a ..w-mill helonsing to Flavian Pnquette .^"Co' Thi.'pS which i^ I i ' 1^ COLONIZATION ROADS IN LOWEft CANADA. 53 con- ' 1^ Iv A store is in course of ere^ tf ^'^^^^ P'^o'^iso, is known by the name of Paquefcteville. "About eight miles further on to the north, between rano.«.«, A an^ w «<• a 1 1 j where Messire Thomas Dagenais, cur^ of St. Kdouard and Fo ^Bureau >fp^P^tt property a church site will bo laid out next spring in a place callodSp.;.?!!-^'' ^^ Dunng 1861 about 251 lots wer, bought^ §ii ficttC ^^"^^^ Bureanville. Hampden and Ditton Road. Contractor— F. B. McNamek. ':ot.Z:^!i]^U^:^^^^^^^ - ^- ^^vanced, the commencemenfofX COUNTY OF BROxAIE. Sutton Valhy Rmd. Conductor— Henry Boriqht Appropriation «„«(. ^^ Amount disbursed ---... (jqq qq distJcfofTS""''""''^ ''''" ''^ '^""^'^^P"^' «"^^°' ^"^ -^« »^ «rome, a The whole of this distance has been opened this year as a winter road Twelve argents ot this road have been laid with brush; this work has cost 8120 The road runs^bctween two rows of hills and over land generally adapted to cultir« tion and It w.II, when completed afford easy communication^etween Scfo S Tn the State of \ crmout, nnd the townships of Sutton and Bromc ^wcneiora, m the This part of the country abounds in water-powers; limestone and mines of iron and copper arc found in Brome and Sutton. "^ "Jincs oi non and For some years past, the settlement of the County of Brome haa bfion rmin , ,.« „,»j ally but since the beginning of the war in the United^Stater^ny faS haVe cm^^^^ la^dYnTe'oiln:;' '^'^ '"^ ^'""^ '•"^'^°" ^'"^- ^^^'« "^ «*'» ^ grearderof^rnt Mr. Boright estimates tliat a sum of «800 will be required to complete this road. Potton and JS'ultoii Road. Conductor— Rev. A. B. Dupbedne. Appropriation i,f 1850 j250 00 Amount disbursed in 1861 - . . 250 00 This road, which is the only mea.is of communication bf-fwom Pr.^,.., ,«j c i. passes between the 7th and 8th rlnges cf those TownXpTLmTot No 19 to lo? No 2^ On account of the circnit* which it will be necessary to make in order to avoid' soL groat hills, the road wall be four and a-half miles in length, * Ah Mr. Dufresne haa not transmitted any rei^ort to this office I cannot rriv*. ..nv ^.«,;i» m to the amount of work which has been done upo.i thi.s road ^ ^ ^'**''' List or Coioniitaiiou Koads made and in course of beinc made as waII »« rn^A^ r/.««{...,» mU-nc road. Pcdiencgamook road, Woodbridge road, 3Iont Carrael road, Chapais road County op L'Islet.— Araco road. Elein mad County of MoNTMAONY.-Anse J,, GOok mad. Siroix road. Boaul.ion voad ! * OLONIZATION ROAD.s IN LOUVER CANADA. &0 road CouNTT Of Bbllechasse.— Armagh road, Forticr road, Bucklaud road, COUNTTKS OF BklI.ECIIA.SSI.:, J[oNTMAONV, UhhVA aud KAMOyBA«KA.— Taohe County of Lkvi.s.— St. Lsidore Road. County of Douchesteu.— Frauiptoii, Auckland aud Ware road, Frauiptfln and St Claire road, Frampton Maiu road, Buckland aud Standou road, Ste. Marguerite Grand Line road, Ste. Marguerite and St. Edouard road, Cranbourne Central road, Etchemin road Ballyporcen road, road from St. Edouard to Cranbourne. County op Beauce. — Lambton rond, Sheuley road, Dorset road, Gayhurflt road. County of LoTBiNifeRE.— St. Croix road, Craig road, Gosford road. County of Nicolet.— Aston and St. Gr(?goire road, Missouri road, Maddipgtou and Aston road, Aston Grand Line road. County of Megantic— Glcnloyd road, St. Julie (8th range) road, St. Sophie road, Somerset and Halifax road, Grosse Isle road. Black River Station road. County of Arthabaska — Maddington road, Aston road, Bulstrode rpad, Artha- baska and Stanfold road, East and West Chester road, Paeaud road, Ham and Lingwiek road, Lingwiek and Warwick road, Warwick and Bulstrode road, Arthabaska and Astoo road, Craig road. County of Wolfe.— Wottou aud Wolfestown road, Gcsford road, Jlegantic road, Weedon and Garthby road, Weedon and Lingwiek road. County of Drum.mond.— Ki ey road, Drummondville and Arthabiwka road. Drummondville and Uptou Road, St. C.uillaume and St. Bonaventure road, Ely and Dur- ham road, road from Durham Station to the Hughes road, Acton and Wickham road. County of Richmond.— Windsor and Wotton road, Melbourne road, Wcstbury (new) road. County of Comfton.— Megantic road, Otterbrook road, Hereford road, Westbury road, Eastern Townships Maiu road, St. Francis road, Hereford and Auckland road, Hamp- den and Ditton road, Utterbrook and Lake Megantic road. County of Shefford.- North Stukcly road, Graveline road, Montreal road, Ely and Durham road, Orford road. County of Brome.— Potton road, Bolton road, Potton and Sutton road, Sutton ^ alley road, Brome road. List of new roads asked for in the course of the year 1861 :— County of Chicoutimi.— A road through the Townships of Bagot, Chicoutimi and Latcrri^re ; a road along the division line between the 7th and 8th ranges ol Chicoutimi and Laterrit^re. County of Saglenay.— Ste. Marguerite road. County of Charlevoix.— A road in Do Sales. County of Quebec.- A road from Stonehom to lake Beauport. County of Portneup.— A road between the little range and the 4ih range of Ste. Catherine de Fossambault. County of Cuamplain.— A road from St. Stanislas (Ste. Anno range) to St. Tite. County of St. Maurice.— A road from the great river Maehiche road to the St. Etienno road ; a road along the front of the lots in the first range of Shawenegan. County of MASKiNONOfi.- A roavl on the north cast side of the River du Loup run- ning towards 3Iatawin. County of Joliette.— Road.s iu Cathcart ; roads in Kildarc. County of Montcalm.— Regirabul road in Wexford ; a road from the Oth range ol Chertsey across Chilton. County op Two Mountains.— A road from St. Patrick hill in St. Columban to the boundary between St. Columban and Mill Isle; a road from the proposed bridge over the north river, to the St. Hfinii hjl] in the parish of St. Seholastique. County op Pontiac— A road in Allumette Island; a road in Calumet Island, County of Bonaventure.— Several roads in Hope. 5f» OOLONIZATIO ROAD* IN LOWER CANADA ii ruad ftoiu JJic runuiu'^ Armagh towards Frs. tUiZ^Zm! ''^'"'="''«™ -V ,o.d frL the c,l,.pol , » f^ ™"'" ' "SS^^^^^^^^^ "' "■" "-"'« —-, pari* of «,. Uu,J', GallioB and Shenley. torsyth to AJstook; a road aerom Aniert Ferdinand; « ™d1Z™n.7rfc,X': St^^^^ -J .La. of S.. .he settlements in Lambton. ' '"'""''• ^"'"'"^ ^o^ Adstock, as far 03 of D„|ar "' """"'■""'-A ~d from St. Ouiliaumo aero. ,St. Gonaain to .h„ „„ a road°o™LecM"Tldr4i;^-Va°d^^^^^^ T T""' "i.'!' ""« O""'' J'i»e roaa : BubtTode ehnreh ; a road fr2 East ctsT * „ wllt^^^^^^^ '" ^''' I'"'" "' "■■ »«"' . CoSJJ S^- ferlrirretnES??^^^^^ «" - Weedon. S?nrKpSl-a"SS»^^^^^^ connect with the Hampden and dS. r^^^ Hereford and Auckland road so as °o wards lake Megantic, Zlte 6^^ h Stt' oTfot^'r^,?;? ''''^' of Auckland to? thence across Ditton, Chesham and Clinton to^n^iJ^^^^^^^^ '''"''' '' A"^"^'""^'; (^igncd,) BOUCITER DE la BRUfiRK In charge of the Colonization lload. oTfer Canada. OTTAWA AND PONTIAC COLONIZATION ROADS. Crown Timbeb Office, Ottawa, 27th March, 1862. !SlB,--I should have had the honor, at an earlier date, of reporting on the DroBrai. ent^l'/r°' T^' "? 'A' Colonization Roada in .he Counties ?f Otfawa and ^^onUr entrusted to my charge had it not been that the unavoidably late commencement of S tonlZ^'^ir'"'^ '^T ^^'i"^*" '^'' ^'"^«^' ^"^ '^'' unexpected difficS in com^ Inn. i /.?''^^'^°°^ "^y "«"*''°' delayed the preparation Of such a map 7tht Zd^fr"^ '^v.*'" Ottawa, as seemed noce.«ary to shew in a satisfactory manner he lX'ort£iL%tn:;/;r "-' ''- «--^ed TowusMps theyare^de^grJdt i^ronrTatloZf «fonon?'?,''^n P'" "'■' i}r '^^''''' *^« ''^'^' performed under the ap. propr ation of| 10,000 tor the Countie;: of Ottawa and Pontiac for the year 1861, and those done in expenditure of the remaining appropriations of former vears. ' I he works under the appropriations for the y^^r^r 1861 consist of— J.OW. "^ " ""^ *"" '"'^'' "^ *'''' O'ltineau and Coulonge road in the township of 2nd The improvement of the Thorne road, and the making of three miles in contio " r/ Thof 'Mf-*' '''';'^^^'^ f d Couloni. road, in tL t^vv'LSrof Lesl e '°°*^°" .Ird Iho building and repair of bridges en the Oatlneau and Desert Road. Ihe works under remaining appropriations of former years are— ist. The opening of the O.islow and Masham road, ind. Ihe improvement of the front road in the lower part of Pontiao Jrd I ho opening ot the Eardly and Masham road. ; 1 1. U orks on the front road in the upper part of the County of Pontiac. ^\.JlV \ T' '''"'^^-^"''''■Se road was originally projected, and traced in the field bv .Messrs. Uounhet e an.i Aylen. from the Puagan Falls on the riVer (Jatineau alout thirtV Myuie. above .ts mouth, to the settlements^ on the Ottawa at the mou h ' o X r vw oulongo, a d.s ance oi orty-n.ne mil.s ; passing successively through the central o.rt of ho townshii, 1.0W, the f-o.,t of Cawood, generally along the line botween I " ife 1/ The te^" t '■'*'^; " ^''''^^""'1 "'^^ '''^""Sl. the iuth-east corner of Ma fled ,.n..l i .1 rT- ' '^- '^ 'TT^''^ ^^"■' ""^' ^'•^'■y ""^>->y completed, extend from he main oad on the <.atu-,eau into the last range of the township of low. It is the riost LTor tant part ol the whole line, not only becau.se it passes through the besUand upon iXt' also because it gives access to the road line .raced northward fronrthe ver^Peche in Masham, along the rear ranges of the town.ships of Low and Aylwin L the river T>U anock in he town.ship of W,ight, which passes through the greftSreAont oflanrjier" ■' 'an nt"" r"'';"''/' "'"' '^'''' '^ '" "^^' ^'^^^^ P^« «f the valley Tthe GaJine^u Ihointorscotiouot these two roads therefore f! rms a point from which sSment ;r:!mTf .r..lTST|;f^^^^^ --n^^"^ -.-thwLl, southward Snd^ltrd ensuinVseason "ThAZ"^ H'Oi{"^'".^^the works mo.t immediately serviceable for the ensuing season. The greater usetulness in this manner of the first part of the Gatiaeau and Coulonge road became a rea.son for making it in a more thorough wanner than mS be necessary m the eane of a less important road iwrougo manner than might I The part of this road c.mtracted for and nearly coiDDletcfl J A^. Kccompanjin- specification which I nrenaird Xr n, ''""'P'^''^^' '^ ^ono according to tho obtaining a g.,od road Pconomicu f rSstr. .n? ^'"''' ''^PT^"'^^' "^ ^''"^ '^^-^^ ^or able did not admit of a fi,.t clas c^n /rf.T ,i " ."P'T"' ;'''^"'*^ ''''^ ""^■'^"^ «vail- width, the roots and stone, thoroug ! ^nled cfu ^- 1" T ; • ^5 ^'^ opened 24 feet in (practica y much wider in ill ♦},« Hi., '^r"°'(<^^ ""^ «■'' ten feet in breadth r.f tiio centre oeoMsarj-. The cansewajs are lai 1 .ilcen" ot Im? 7,'° „ °^ 'i"«l'"gii;g drain,, „ha,« triz. : causeivaving $3 : hridawtr fmm Vl!Ll f ^ the lowest tender, at the following rate, seven feet high, one'seVenth'adSt " t 1 e fo^^'b^for'lf ' ^''j-'- '^ '■ ^"^^^ °-'' ditching three feet wide by t.vo deep where reqrrerfpir ?,3bf '"°°"' '''' ^" '^^'S^^' 60 cents per rod; nnu for all othe^woik taS^o /ether th^^^^ o'-^^nary water tables, and draining, ^eluding side cuttings (not ineasurirnrrtl^tlV' ^'' f'''^^'''S, crowning rod ; extra excavation, 20 cents fr.r ear?h and Si 1§ f" I' i "'^^''' ?.^ causeways,) SI per Of the ten miles contrirtPrl fi., T ? ^^ ^°'^^' P^"^ '^"^'^ yard. ' the necessary culverL'nTattle " au"^^^^^^^^^^^^ -il- remain to\o crowned, with and there ia one bridge 104 feet in iSYv f? i , ^. ' ^?u^-i °"' '^"^'P' ''^'^'^ ^ods ; in progress. ^^'^ "^ ^"^ "> S^'eatest height, not yet built, but now incluJing:n?bSi"ot2^Vi'=t.'r^^ iour to tburteen feet in height, high, one of 81 fee^t by 9^1^ and 348Vet*i leni'r'f '/"f ''' "^ R ^''' ^^^ ^0* ^^^^ ofStag Creek, solidly &!e!l,aSdf;om eight 10 e^^^^^^ wharving in th^ bed 172 rods, and 135 rods of extra ditrhin% • «SJ\T '« /leight. Of causewaying there are ground, there are ™any extSve slftll mi„t'?S J;"," l^^'?^ TV' ™'-^> iMy accounts to 31st December h^f ', "?/™"i ttiieo to hve feet in depth. coetracer, for worL- ,er^rZ'^l!l^J^^S:::% '-jS^S^S^'t '* ment to bo made for the comolctinfr of wnrL- nn,i„^ ^ 1^ f ' . ^' -'•"^ further pay- paid) will amount to about $Slfe to w^LioulTr«M^^.l^ ^'' ^'"'^^ ^'^^^ :s:^r:u-xsroF^,-sisrS^^^^ kind, and the latter part warn and fe^r i e tl ouXiTrN ^ fh '^'T- t^'" "^" ^''° ^'"heat connected with it on'each side there arSvea?irre«utt ''"^ -"i^'andy; and the formation of settlements which will open So thiS^ ''''^' ''''"''^^' ^'' .uali^SJljl^^^onl^Ji'^^^X:^^ ^^^' '-' -^ - ^"^'i- a half south of the line, three-quTrteTof it mav So sa «''qu'rrd to give proper access to the lands on the west end of the Gatineau . ..a I Coulonge road a.id to the settlements that will gradually be formed on tracts adioinin" I u to the northward and eastward. This road is the natural inlet to these tracts.'giWnS ^ W. wl^^^^^^ steamboat landing on the Ottawa and the village of Clarendon :^^T' ^''^"^;^' j^^'f " Land Ageri's office and the nearest stores for the supply of the hich sk.u the Ottawa seitloments, and are here met at the rear of Clarendon ; and it i» c lit o of commmncanon with the lumbering establishments of lAIes.rs. Gilmour & Co., on tilt I ickanock, which together wtth their road.., have been the chief cause of the exten ion 01 settlement m this direction. The read through Thorne i« about nine miles in length, from the front to the rear of rhc township. The hr.t five miles pa.ss through the range of hills above mentioned. On ,<.is part, the work done consisted in the improvement of long, steep and dangerously rockr ascents, requiring in parts excavation, and bnildinix up with stoned the removal ot" rocks dich.ng i.,., together with liL'i feet of most substantial bridging in three places; with ulo cuttings and levelling ol banks, and 300 f.ct of hewn causewaying. Of the remaininK twntTfe; r " f "? 'm '' "'^r' "^ "'^^ '"^^ ^''' °P«"«^' ^^''^ ^ ^'dt'» of sixteen to I'rp'C''^ Y''? ^r^ :;!'^' '" the centre of it, well levelled, after being thoroughly ^ -n . '^'t'i P'""-^!«<^- J'^"'« ^^-^ con..iderable cuttings at ascents and side hills, a Ly ^Minstantial bridge sixty feet m length, and 210 feCt of hewn causewaying. ^ road,^s VrnT'ir"*^'*""' '"'''^'' "" ^'"' '""^ '" ^''°'"''' ^^^^^^^^^ °*"«^ ^^^ <^«cr Lak« ^ .Much of the work was of an irregular nature that could not be suitably let by contract rh«V"'VTM '?'"'\'fV^""- ^Kr' '^°"° '^>'^ P^''^y«f ^«" selected men under the dfe ^Yr ""' ^\^'^? ^' ^ '^"■^'^"^ ^" ^'-^"' ^^'l'« ^-^^ fo^^rly executed some ver? difficult work for me on the Bytown and Pembroke road, with unusual skill and economy, as ho has also done in the present insliincc. ^* Finding many causeways to ho made, and Ixid rocky hills that would have been very Thi'tM-r' '•!' f "^'''"' ^T\ "'' ^''' '''^' '"''''^' ' '^'''^ *^o days in exploring and locating mirHhll ir; ;-'' "T '^-T r'^"''^"*''^ •°-'^^'^«d of it. The sito ot" the new road is a« Ihe don/,P/' " t" " '"" !' ^'•'' ^''''' ^'"""^"-'^ Soo^ ^««^d ^'' settlo.nent, which the itol P th ;•",• "'"r !h^;'^"*^^»«^« ^ne mlle for eastward, Pnd two miles for westward lavel, on the txatmoau and Loulongc road line, which it intersects at tho rear of Thorne L^;"V.n '" '"""''*'n"'',^'' "r''"''" ''''"^''" ""^^ settlement roads, which, as tho countir Httic cir"' ^""""^^ ^ ' '' '''''" ^'"^ '"''' '''" rc..arkably good though opened /t ..♦,1 ''^'^^''y '""f^-''""' "^^l^. '"'^c,^ of the eud of ihi-, new road, there i^ much good land for sett trnent hoogn v„n.e ot it ia stony, but unlei-;? the existence of some considerable extent Hi i.-iiid 111 t,,i .chi. uK-nt be definitely pRcert.iinod l-vond that, nothing of importance cap b© done here ; and tlic completion of the road a lew miles westward, on a HUjall ucale, seems to be the utmost that could be desired till further conclusive information be obtained.' The building and repair of bridges on the Gatinoau and Desert road, is the third division of works on Avhich a small expenditure on account of the appropriation of 1861 has boen made. In the beginning of November last, I made a rapid but careful rcconuoissancc of the road up the Gatincau as far as the river Desert, as formerly proposed, taking the ncceesary i)ot38 as to the state of the road, Foil, surface and obstacles, to enable me to make an ap- proximate CHtimate of the cost of completing on a moderate Kcalo that very important road alike for the settlement of the country and the business of it. ' As the expenditure of a small sum of the appropriation for 1801, for necessary objects on the Desert road had leen proposed, and as some of the bridges were in a dangerou? state, or required to be built to prevent the obstruction of travel in'spring, I let part of the works to be done on my way returning. It consisted of four small jobs, viz. : The repair, raising six feet and lengthening to 170 feet of the bridge over Lacroix's the township of Wright. The payments on account of these works charged iu my account current to 31st De- cember last, amount only to $186, but they have all since been completed and paid for excepting small reservations made till spring. ' Also the bridge over the river Pickanock, which was built with Colonization money, I found on careful examination, required to be raised si.\ feet higher, to prevent its proba- ble destruction by spring floods, and to be lengthened to 23() feet by adding 70 feet to it. This work has since been let for $320, completed and paid for with a small reservation. The extension of another bridge, let for 840, is the last work on the Desert road now in progress. Earlier in the fall, I visited the Crown Land Agents in the lower part of the County of Ottawa, and collected from them and from the lumberers and others best acquainted with the interior, such information, as added to that derived from Surveyors and their returns of surveys on record in my office, confirmed my previously expre.s.>-ed opinion that the valley of the Petite Nation river was the most favorable site, next lo that of the Gatineau, for the opening of a great highway into the interior country north ot the Ottawa, as a Colonization road, and that such a road on the ea.'it side of the Petite Nation rivor would pass through much good land for seitlt^ment. Having obtained yofr sanction, 1 immediately instructed Mr. Lcduc, of St. Andrei Avelin, to survey such a line of road, up through the township of Suffolk, with a view to its further continuaucc. The result of his survey is highly satis- factory, but no expenditure has yet been made in work upon this line of road. I shall leave further notice of it and of the Gatineau and D.scrt road to the concludinfr part of this report, suggesting future operations. ° Of the work of last season, under remaining appropriations of former years, the first begun was the opening of the Onslow and Masham road. This road commences at the Catholic Church on No. 4 of the 8th range of Onslow, and extends to No. 28 of the 12th range of that township, where it joins the'Masham road at the river Peche. It has been opeiied throughout, from tho vicinity of ihf. church, from twelve feet in width to six feet in difficult places, among rocks; the hills arc dug and stones removed so as to make it passable for a cart. There are causeways made on it amounting to 286 fpet, and a substantial bridge on the outlet of Wolf Lake, 166 fe.it in length, upwards of ten feet in height, on block work, with hewn covering. The bridge and causeways were made 18 feet in width to suit the dimension of the oad when widened by the statute labor of the settlers. The appropriation tor this road was «900 of which there has been expended 8785 leaving 8115 for further work. ' The work was done by a party of men omployr,! hy thr month under Mr. Benjamin Moore, of Onslow, whose energy and great experience in conducting extensive lumberinfr operations in the woods, secured the best possible rosult for the money expended * *l The improvement of tho front road, in the lower part of Pontiac, was done under the appropriation of S1,000 for that road from the County line between Ottawa and Pontia" to Portage du I'oit On careful examination and inquiry, I found that expenditure on improvement was luotft required on parts of the road in Clarendon, whore it is rough and miry, and especially in the township of Onslow, below tho river Quio, where there was an extent of about four miles of extremely bad road, one half of it being over rough rocky ledges, and the other very miry and unmade, requiring much work in ditching, &c. This piece of road had long been the chief obstruction to communication by land between the county of Pontiac and the city of Ottawa. The building of several bridges on the front road, in the lower part of the township of Onslow was also very much required. Elsewhere, especially in the township of Bristol, 1 found the n^ad good and prfisentino- no obstruction to travel, and therefore not meriting any expenditure ou it from the Bi)pro" priation, while the other parts mentioned so much more required it. My examination took place at a time when country roads are in their worst possible condition, ^ With the exception of the improvement of a dangeroub spot, on a bare rock, on the road in Clarendon, the doing of any work upon it in that township was deferred, not only because It was so late in the season but also because an apparently desirable ohringc of a part of tho road was proposed, which required examination. The expenditure of last season was therefore limited to the improvement of the very bad mrts of the rocd in Onslow, and the building of bridges already mentioned. This work was also done by Mr. Benjamin Mocre and his party, and in such a manner as to elicit an official expression of approbation from the Municipal Council. The work was commenced at the north side of tho Quio bridge, on No, 11 of the 3rd range of Onsh)w, and consisted in the making of bad spots by crowning and draining the moving of rocks, cutting of side hills, the making of ucarJv a mile in all of ditchesT'with many culverts. On one hill nearly -300 tons of stuno were removed, and part used for breast woijc. Only 136 feet of causeway were made, but on the lower pan of the road eeyen bridges were built, amounting to 464 feet in length, some of them eleven feet in height, and ail constructed most substantially. The total expenditure charged in my account to 31st December last, on account of tho works on this road of the $1,000 appropriated is S73o, leaving a balance unexpended of e-OD tor works to be done in Clarendon. (Sec Synopsis herewith, i Parties in Clarendon ac(iuainted with "the ground informed mo that for about seven miles, between ^o. 8 and No. 24 of the second range of that township, where there is a great bend in tho front road, and some bad ground to be passed, the bend could be cut off saving upwards of a mile of distance, and a much better site found by carrying the road nearly straight between the above points, passing in, or along the rear of the 1st ranee. chiefly through a dry. nearly biiro sandy red pine brule— and the change of the line here is stnnigly recommended by some of the leading settlers, as it would give a constantly dry road that would require almost no repair instead of the present line, whose clay ground wiH always become exceedingly cut up, in wet weather in the fall. The parties recommend- ing the alteration say, with justice, that though it would not benefit them, a.s they do not rcHide on the proposed line, it would be a great advimtage u. the general travel, especially of people from the Upper Canada side of the Ottav.-i, who would cross on the bridge now building at Portage du Fort; and avail themselves.,! the road on the north side of the Ottawa which, by cutting off the great bend of the river is about ten miles shorter than the road on the sonth side to Ottawa city ; which is all unquestionably true. Not having time to do so myself, I employed two competent persons to go over th« proposed Ime, who fouud it to be as stated. ^oOO in addition to the balance remaining of the appropriation would open this line and give a bctlfr and shorter mad than the present one, and a road that would be sound and useful in the wet weather late in the fall, when most required, when the other would be scarcely passable. Jt is extremely difficult to see why It should be made with colonization road funds, but an additional appropriation for it would be nihunt .IS jusJifJHble m that rcspcef as the one already in-.de. If by strict definition a colonization road be one ncccss.iry to give aocess through, or to, public lands fit for settlement, not already otherwise accessible, the front road in the upppr part of Pontiac i« much more strictly one, n^ it extends beyond existino- continuous I 6 jfgTdTkT"'"""''^'"' ""^ ^'*°"'*'^'' '''''' '' '^' vacant lands north of it, ul.ovo For fho rhr'^fv "*• "PP"""?""^'?." °^' ^"'"'"'^'' y«'''-8 for tho front road in the unncr part „f .Dd Deep R„cr Itad, to be .pent™ the unoomplttoj nan inS SStr mri ^ character, to ejpio, a pajty of"°uitible 17^*' -dV-d^rc^cd ,i h i,l SLro'f He suspended proceeding with the latter at the instance of the Municiir.1 Cnnnril nf '^"tr^^:;s^tw^r;rj;e:3^t^^^^^ 56 fe"t'in lencth'^'orO ^f anf A' T^f ''"'V"^ ^l^^^^" ^^ ^^^^" '•">'^^^' «"^ ^'" ^^ and two of nlll * ■ ^ ' ;' ^'^°^'l- ^^^c'' >" height respectively, with another of ISO feof in length in course of construction, when ho ceased working, besides mak n^ afc^miS undPr^MrTr^Sl"';^' "''f ^'"^ '" "'^ """"""' '^ ^^^^ December last, ou account .1 work. i^ilfni ^ '^^."^^^ « «^^arge, amounts to 8535, leaving a balance th.r, unexpended of 8365 to be applied to them next season. (See Synopsis herewith.) """Pcndccl or When at Mansfield making arrangements for getting these works done I rnnrlr , sectional measurement of the bridge site on the river Coulotge on th's roLj so as o enabl' me to make an estimate for a bridge there, as the want of one renders th?s river whi °b il four hundred feet wide and near v six feet dcen in ih,< r.1,nnr,«i ^'" ""^ ^'^^^f' ^"^ " '^ travel and the extension of settlom^ent T bog fLher L rot ?o Vin^b^ / '" gestions as to further works. ^ '^^^"^ ^'^ '^ '° ^^'^ concluding sug- fi.n.?f ?r"'°^ f ^''' ^''*'?''^ ^""^ ^'''^^'^ '•"^'^ '^ tJic last work remaining to bo „,.„ tioned of those under appropriations of former jears fl,n. J^'^'^.r^'^- "''^'u''^', tVom the settlca^cntB on the Ottawa iu the tuAvn.hip of Eardlcv to those on the river Pechc in Maaham. nassino- throncrl, fii« „nf«T, ,-.. n i" jV ^'^'^"'^>'. '" with very gradual ascent, behind the^Soat lan^^^^^^^^^^ and most favorable route into the settlement on the u'pp r part^of I ' P fc u d ?o m From ^herc the opening of it commenced in Cardley, to the river Prclu- it i. , little over SIX and a half mi es m length. The work on it wL done bv Mr. Mungi^V /w o owns a saw null on it,) a.s overseer, with a party of men hired by thc^iay. t cons stcd opening out, through woods, of about three and a quarter miles of it, u.d elsewhere w do ing an old lumber road batm place., coincided Vith it, to the width of or 20 fS n. STirM t Vf^^'^^^f^n;pn bridge on it over ilcGee's Creek, wL cL^i; to\^ ^ feet m length of cord and 14 feet :n height; but which was not finished owing to the [red irfo win"; ' '^^^ ^^ •*• ^^'^^^""^ '^ ^^""^^^^^"^ °"^ ^^^ ^^^^^ '"'"^' ^e^- I I =s=r^ \ I The appropriation for this road was only S400, of which there has bccu cxDcnded an,l charged .« niy account to 3ht December last ^73, including «1.50 on accost of thJ "nnl rilll'Tl-,""'; ("fV'°""T'"« «:^"«P«i«). leaving ?27 further avSlc ^V th I Mi.all add t.o„ to It from the appropriation of 1801, tliis mm will be sufficient t.. pay lor the completion of the unfinished bridge on McGee's Creek sufficient JJosidcs the expenditure on account of the foregoing works, a payment is charged i« ...y account to 31st December last of former year's appropriation, of 8?51 50 to "Sam Kardley and Masham road an above mentioned. account ol the It will be ob8er%-ed by my accounts that with the exception of the ten miles let hv contract la the east end of the Gatineau and Coulouge road, the works were iSnin ij K^ ovcrseerH, with parties hired by the month or day perfoimed by affoi-ding time for the delay of doiSg .o^X\^^beint;^^^^^ r^c^ r 5 tt '^X^ of a competent overseer experienced in it. TJie wages of the men with provisionrand transport, gives an average of 84* cents per day's wofk, which is low orlhe Ottawa Deee^rp?tr?['''P'"''"T'.^:Y^''^ ^>' ^- '^- «"«^^" '" hi« accounts rendered to 31.t Paymtnt to W. A. Richardson on account of contract on Gatineau and Loulongc road 83 77fi OR Do. on account of works on Otter Lake road "in Thorne,'.','. 1 047 in Do. on account of bridges on Gatineau and Desert road.... 'l86 00 Do. for advertising road works by order of Department in Quebec 102 ■o'> I'o. to 1 . Aylen, hsq., for occasionally inspecting and measuring work.s ^ ifi^n Contingencies and travelling charges,Vnciudingexp*ense3 of Vecon^ "" ^ noissance of road to River Desert 16^ "t Remuneration to A J. Russell for superintendence' of The' above and ot other works, under remaining appropriations of former ^^^'' 400.00 Sr.,776.54 Total received by A. J. Russell on account of the above SG^OOOmj Do. expended as above rJ^X'i- r^ 0,<70.o4 Ralance in his hands by his account current to 31st Dec., 1861 . ^"22346 Ondotc and Muisham Road. Amount _ g 00000 Expenditure, three pay lists .....$44392 Proportionof remainder of U. Moore's account!.!.!.!!.,'..' 327 08 Proportion of contingencies 14 00 § 785.00 Balance unexpended 1st January, 1862 g 115.00 8 Oimfow iiHiJ ChinniJon Front Road. Amouut 81,000.00 Expenditure, B. Moore, two pay lists 8394.90 Proportion of remainder of B. Moore'« account 290.81 A. Wilson's account 36.65 Proportion of contingencies 13.58 8 735.00 Balance unexpended, l.st January, 186!^ $ 265.00 Off this balance — pa''l John Gordon, in January, 1862, for assist- ing in exploring last fall, not in account, $5.20 8 259.80 Pontiuc Front Road. Amount for Mauafield 8 650.00 Do. for Calumet and Deep River 250.00 $ 900.00 EXPENDITURE. Amount of S. Proudfoot'8 account 8513.83 Cost of transport of supplies paid by A. J. Rus-sell 8.80 Proportion of contins-encies 12.37 535.00 Balani-o unexpendod on 1 at January, 1862 ^ 365.00 Eardhy and Masham Road. Amount ...., 3 400.00 EXrENBTTT'RK. Amouut of F. Morgan's account ^JoOtj.GO Proportion of onntincpncios 4.90 8371,50 Tnexpeuded in p.Hynu;nt to llodgins for Clarendon nml Thome Road per pay H«t 1 . GO 8 873.00 Balnnce unexpended on 1st January, 1862 ,,,..,, 8 27.00 dnreadoii and Thoruf Road. Amount ,.. , 8 250.00 EXPENDITURE. Poid Wm. Ilodgins amount of pay list 251.60 Over expended and charged to Eardley and Masham road, 1.50 I - , RECAPITULATION OF EXPENDITUUK. Uosiow and Maaliam road . OiHlowand Clarendon Front do' '^^'^^ Pontiac Front do 735.00 Kiirdleyund M;ishaiii du 5.^5.00 CWaadua aud Ih^rao do 871.50 2.->l.5) Total ^TT^r." 5J,n/8.tj« RECAPITUr-ATION OP BALANCES ON HAND, IsT JAVUAaY 186> OnsJow and Masham Road .. JANUARY, 1862. Ouslow and Clarendon Front do * liJ.OO Pontiac Front do 265.00 Eardlej and Maaham do 365.00 27.00 Total a.s per account current 3 772.00 Cordis '° ''"""'■ '''-' ■"' «-»»' °f 0-1- «a Chr odo=^:^d Jol, PROPOSED WORK.S. rcspefZyltrrd !i::t:!^:^j:^l^' «f --/ r^^^^ investigation, r ..u,d near the li^ '^^iT^Zlti:^' S'^I^::^ ^^, '''^-'r^ ^^ ^^'-'^ -^ fromthepointwhereitintorseetsthewesteTdof ^hfr -I ""';^''7''"''' ^"^ ' southward, longe road now nearly completed '^° ''" ""'*'' °^ ''»« Gatiaeau and Coa' ro^s'^TSStttd r iTi^?^:;;:^;:^:;;; ^j^ ^f r^ --« ^^ hot,, or these four-fifths of them are fit for aeUleme , tt'tho /q* .""n-^'r " 'T'' ^"» ^evon-eisrhtha the Pickanock, which, inclu'iin-^ «i S Z.t ^ f ^'c'^ ^'^^ ^'''^- "«rihward to along the front of the townsh p^^S " Z^°,X7'*J^,"^ 1« aiiles of ,,ad. It passes lots by Provincial f.ar.d HaLyorT^T^ especially south of the PickanockT-n: ^ a 4r«-itl Ttw " """"'\ ""='* -^»J '"^J. part. From Mr. Hohuc' st.temenL ; , J P^ v » '%^h^t was previously known as to thai tion of that and other io.^^'^::;^ ^n^i'^W T'?" •'^"''•^"'^ "P^''^ '^^^ ^•^P'^ra- coulj be continued at least twd V .^ e fS/iln , ^ '""'"T T'"'"^' '^''' "^'^^ ''"no ward of Stag Creek the lu.d on nisTin' ..f . K ^ f aurally he tor settlement, south- ibr settlement which with'siZSi;::;-; ^^1^ ^:. ^ TZfl^^''^^' '^ ^" ^"^'^^^« count^rt;{e^^thS^;;^tSiti3LTr^^^ '"- -^^^le ?::rtr;ir-;:t:-;;:.^'>^±HS^'^^^ the mo.t advantageous and most readily aJailab rfiVlV V H^ /• """^^"l"^^' I consider it the territory under my cha>-.n> \s timber l^^^^^ T n \^ fonnat.on .f sottiomeut in of thi.s roa/as the fir.^ object to I t^d:^^' l^^u l^^'^'irr''''' '^' "i"^'""^'S of it the remainder of the^propna/ion .:;-tsr^^^^^^^^^ ^^e m.kiu| lor the ensuing season as may be available for it ° appropnatiou 10 centrates the labor on the making of a sound, though narrow roA bed, where the wheels run. Without that, additional earth is useless, either in a ragged or dry sandy country ; an] even in clay soil a greater breadth of n.uddy surface is a poor substitute for crowning and urainage. The clearing of a greater width of road than is going to be used as such is simply wasting the money— that should be applied to making a sour d, dry and even carriage way — in clearing land at the sides, to save the settlers the trouble, or to grow up again in bushes. If a road be made by merely cutting the roots and stumps close off by the surface of the ground, in the roadwisy— instead of thoroughly grubbing out the roots, stumps and stones from nine feet, at least, in width of the centre— the remains of the stumps w>l) always be protruding afterwards, rendering the road bad and dangerous for rapid travelling, or should tlie road be subsequently re-made, they must be then grubbed out at more cost than if the trees were standing. In the same manner, if narrow causeways be made of email pieces of wood when a road is first opened, besides the risk of their being dragged into confusion by the drawing of heavy loads over them, and the impossibility of tean;s passing each other on them, th-^y remain as nuisances when the road is afterwards properly made, or are thrown aside as useless, and replaced at further cost. For these reasons, therofore, it is desirable, to avoid future loss of labor, that in open ing roads, nine or ten feet of the centre should be thoroughly grubbed, and a sound road bed made of it, and the causeways and bridges be made wide enough for two vehicles to pass on them, especially on first class pettlement roads leading to large areas for settlement, and likely to be much used. Where it might be advisable to adopt an inferior description of road to ^'lat provided for in the annexed specification, to meet the requirements of economy, or lor the opening of branch roads of less importance, the crowning and grading, in forming the road as men- tioned in the specification, might, with the greater part of the side hill cuttings, as to width, be left to be done by the settlers, and the grubbed part of nine feet in the centre be merely solidly levelled so as to be made solidly passable for a loaded wagon. This is the least work that can be done without future loss, and it would afford a rough but pass- able road, with many bad spots in it, but it would be as good as the roads are, in many ex- isting settlements. There would be labor to add, but none throwo away on it. Such work might be designated as affording a second class road. A third class road might be opened in an inferior manner, the width of the road and causeways to be fourteen feet, at most ; no grubbing done ; th'j stumps to be cut close to the surface, and a passable track for a lightly loaded wagon made throughout. In this case the causeways and bridges would be the only part of the work that wo".ld be of value in future making of the road, as, till the stumps and roots become completely rotten, the grubbing and grading would all huve to be done as if in standing woods. The cost of making roads of cither of these descriptions depends altogether on the nature of the ground and timber where they pass, and the pries of provisions and lal)or in the locality. As pine trees ^whose stu;n| s aro expensive to grub) are so frequent in the Ottawa country, and so very much ox the land is stony, rocky and uneven, and as the great market occasioned by the lumber trade sustains the highest prices for produce and labor known in the Province, the cost of making any kind of r(tad should be very much greater here than is usual elsewhere. In ground of the usual ruggcdncse, a road of the first class mentioned, made according to the accompanying specification, would cost, as stated, IguOO a mile, causeways and bridges included. The second class described would cost S380. The third class, or ungrubbed passage for a wagon, would cost $300 a mile. The bridges and causeways in the twt> last would be nearly equal in quality to those on thu first, and be scr.-iceable when the roads were completed and enlarged to the usual width. Having made this long digression, as it .seemed to be necessary in explanation of pro- posed future Work. I beg to revert to the north road, from the 'iVtwnship of Mashaiu to the Fickanock, which intersects the end of the part of the Gatineau and Coulonge ruad made this season. As presenting the beet site for immediate settlement on the Gatineau, it is the first in importuuee to be opened as a colonization road, iiut it will be sufiicient to open it on the scale of the second class road mentioned, at a cost of about $380 a mile, I \ ^ (./ i the wheels ly country ; r crowning i as such is ?en carriage ip again in the surface stumps and stumps will travelling, t more cost be made of [\g dragged ty of te;in;s ds properly Kit in open sound road vehicles to settlement, at provided he opening oad as men- tings, as to k the centre n. This is h but pass- in many ex- i it. Such tie road and ut close to : that wo".ld completely roods. :her on the 8 and lal)or frequent in and as the iroduee and very much ie according and bridges ity to those \j the usual ition of pro- hhviUi to the e road made .tineau, it is sufficient to 380 a mile, ^f f 11 O leaving the completion of it to the scale of the first class mentioned, to be afterwards per- formed, as it may, without any loss of work, should its future extension or importance as a settlement road render it desirable. In connectiou with this, the opening of the Gatineau and Coulonge road westward, from the part made this season, might be continued, on the above scale, to the termination of the road made this season, as already mentioned, in Thor'ne, a distance of fifteen miles, and thence twelve miles further. But as the land on the first fifteen miles is not so suit- able for settlement as on the north road (though more than half of it will eventually be occupied), and as the wesiterly twelve miles of road line, though passing through good land already partly settled, has not been definitely ascertained to lead to any corsiderabU extent of good land beyond it, neither of them (though well worth opening, and meriting 8.n appropriation, should there be funds disposable) are so important or so immediately de- sirable to be opened as the north road already mentioned, or the others that I shall next specify. Though secondary, as a great inlet for settlement, to the main road up the Gatineau, to which I shall again revert, a road up the valley of the River Petite Nation is the next that merits attention from its imii-edii'.co utility and nrobable great importance from the extent of good laud it will open for settlement. This road line commences at the existing road in the township of Ripon, on the east side of the river Petite Nation. Thirteen and a half miles of it were marked out last fall, by Mr. Leduc, under my direction, as before mentioned, leading up through the township of Suffolk to its north outline. I would propose c tiuuing thirty or thirty-five miles fur- ther northward, to Lnke Monaming, a tributary of the River Rouge, where, from definite information and documents of survey in my possession, it would traverse a large tract of arable land, of a superior quality for settlement. Un the part surveyed by Mr. Leduc, he says he found "the land, though uneven generally, yet nevertheless very advantageous for settlement, the soil rich and suitable for cultivation and the production of all kinds of crops ; the wood-maple, beech, hemlock, basHWOod, and fir of a tall growth, with very little pine ;" and in an exploratory excursion northward, from the end of the road line he traced, he found the soil to continue arable and fit for scttlemisnt. For thirty-five miles of this line my information is from surveys performed at the near and the far cud of it ; of the middle part, the reports of lumber hunters who have traversed it, are very favorable, describing the land as resembling that of Suffolk. As this presents us with the site of a general highway of forty or fifty miles in length, Irom which lines of settlement may be opened along concessions branching from it, right and left, as in Suffolk, with the lumbering works on the Petite Nation and the river Rouge offering a considerable market for farm produce, and being the nearest and one of the largest favorable tracts on the Ottawa, it offers an important field for colonization, es- pecially for the surplus population of the adjoining seigniories and parishes. 1 would suggest that this should be opened as a first class colonization road, as de- scribed in the accompanying specification. As labor is rather cheaper in that locality than in some others on the Ottawa, the cost might be somewhat under 8500 a mile, all charges included, especially as dry loam is the prevalent soil in parts. To open the thirteen and a half miles laid out would, at the above rate, cost $6,750. Ry reducing the work to levelling solidly on very dry, sandy ground, $6,000 might be sufficient. The third work I would suggest, as most urgently meriting attention, is the road from ihe rear of the township of Hull to Priest's Creek and the township of Bowman on the Riviire aux Li^vres. This line of road touches the north-west angle of Templeton, and continues nearly along the lino between Wakefield and Portland to Bowman. A small appropriation of colonization road mon^^y was very advantageounly expended upon it last season, by Wra. ilaniilton, Esq., of (^antly, in oonjUienciMg to open it at ihc lower end. It should be con- r settlement between the Gatineau and the Riviere aux Liivres, and on the west bank of 12 that nver, which docs not, on thi>; part of its course, extend beyond the township of Bow- man. Ihe townsliip of B^jieiow, above it, being inferior and further up the high rau-e between these rivers, cr-mcs close to the latter, in a form too rug-ed for settlement ) his road IS essential for access to the Norwegian and German settlement now forming in Jiownian. If the encouragement of such immigrants is desirable, it would seem cspeci^ ally so that a road of some kind should be afforuod the first settlers of that class in this part ot the I rovmce, who, from their ignnrnpce of the En-lish and Fre-ich languages. Buttir much grejiter inconvenience in commencing than other settlers. eoria^^ '"''" '"'"'^'^ ^'"?",\ ^? «'*'"''<^^* very far with rdvantage, an expenditure upon it of ? «V«Mn"!;' '^^•'■V P'i'^'fbly ^^ considered suificie.t, which Avould render an appropriatiou of S+.8U0 fur it dcsir.ihlo fJut as the sum of $oW advanced for provisions for the desti- tute xNorwegiaa an J ucrman s:ttlers iu Bowman, and for which I hold their notes, pavabla in iabcr, it so rcrjiinea, is chargeable to the road, but possibly may not all be recoverable, jt wou d .'^ceni desirable that tlie appropriation should not be less than 85,000. • u 13,'^''^'*' '^^^ Lievres aff.rds a water communic;ition from above the falls at Buck- ingham Mll.ge to the township of Btwman, but in ascending there are several portao-es, besides rapidh:, wh.re it is necosary to tow or pole up. A road up the valley of the Riviiire aux Lievre is very desirable, alike for the purpose of settlement und for the truHic of the lum bcr trade. Ihe 10. d .,n either side is passable for a cart bur, a few miles above the village ?v. u"' ".,•""; "•"r""'*' "'''® '" ^'^'"^ •■'" "P'">«n Ik^w -uoh a road should be carried. VV he e the iliviere aux Li^vro traverses the ridge of tho Laurentides, at and near the Hio-h i'alls, there is much rou-h land, and unfavorable country above that, which would requfre much examination to tna'de one to judge. ^ P .r V?^'^ f '^'^ township of Villetieuve is bnd land and mo, , »ainouttled in connection with the Gatineau The lower part of .he valley of the aux JiUvrcs, excepting near its mouth, seems much ess suitable lor settl. nunt than tlio country cast of it, drained by the Lower Blanche and tUo Petite .Nation, which is altogether on a lower lovrl I would sUL'gJst that a line of colonization road should be surveyed and opened, diverc- ing frou the roaJ iron, the steamboat lauding at tho village of Thurso to the river Ste ^equG.and p.-i^^suig up through the township of Deny East, on the east side of the Blanche', where -t woujd mtcrscot mu.h good land, and northward through the township of Lath- bury, which IS reported to be favorable for settlement. I ain not i 1 possession of sufficient iuformation to enable me to sny how far this line of ro.d might with auvantaj.e be carried. But the land to be opened for .settlement by this lin.. being so near he Ot awa. and connecting with so accessible a part of it, so near l.s mouth ana to tho p„,t of .Montreal, would ,«oem to render ,he survey of such a road liue alter carelul explorati-m, and the opening ..f it f ,r settlement, very desirable. It IS equally dcnralde th ,t a line of colonization road should be explored and opened t:om the west .nd ot l.,ke Blanche in rear of Loehal.cr northward, nearly along ' 'i,,o between the townsh ps ol Pe-ry l-Jast and Deny Wet. where there are vacani, good lands, SLiperor in (judity to those already settled to the southwest. This Hue may be ear- ned alon- the east uv west side of the west br.nch of the Blanche, as further examinations might rticiaro. -nd thence up. ilong the line between Villeneuve and Luthbury, or there- abous, mtolhorearof tho township of Wolls, where the land is well .>:u;ted for sct'lo- ment. J Ins m:id w^uid .-ivo access to the valley of the Kiviore des f'ourds, where there n?.S"r''' 1'^ '■'?^''? '""^' ''I'"""^*^^ ^^ '^« «"^'^' •^^'^■" «-h'cl« a branch ioad might probably ho earned w:th aJvantage -0 tho Riviere aux LiC-vres. J he townships of Deny arc J.-cribod as containing a good deal of good 'and, hilly bUD not sto'.y, and of a d,..,p fertile so 1. Beyond the 4th r^^.ge of Derry West no lands Blaiu^r" ^^ "*'''' '***'' "^'" ^'^ ^^"'y^''^^ «*«'^P* where a few squatters were settling up the .# If IS These two last mentioned roads would give access to the nearest vacant lands in the coun' of Ottawa, suitable for settlement. The settlements generally forming on the Riviere aux Li^vre, and the large amount of revenue that government has realized from the extensive lumbering operations that have for years been carried on in connection with milling establishments at the thriving village of Buckingham on that river, are strong reasons for opening a road up its valley, but as the country on the banks of the river, to a considerable extent, presents difficulties requiring careful examination, I am not in possession of the information necessary to enable me to give any opinion of value as to where such a road should be located. I have made these suggestions and observations as presenting subjects for further consideration with a view to the development of the lower part of the county of Ottawa. Turning to a more remote part of the Ottawa country, I would in the fourth place recommend as meriting an appropriation of colonization funds for the opening of a road up the west side of the river Coulonge, to give access to a tract of good laud in'the west part ot the township of Pontefract, and between it and Black River, and the building of a bridge over the river Coulonge. The township of Pontefract was surveyed lately by Mr. J. Robertson, of Fitzroy. • He 18 a very reliable and thoroughly practical judge ol the quality of land; what he calls good land IS unquestionably so. He condemns as unsuitable for settlement that part of the township lying east of the river Coulonge. even where it is very fine looking hardwc 4 land, It IS m general too shallow in soil for proper cultivation or certainty of crop in dry seasons, though the demand for farm produce will doubtless scon lead settlers to occupy the The west side of the township, however, contains much good land fit for settle- ment tor about eleven ranges in depth, which also extends westward towards Black River. The small proportion of good land in this part of the Ottawa country, compared with the great extent suitable only for lumbering, renders this tract of much value for settle- ment. it is near the Ottawa, and being on the w;.y to the extensive lumbering regions on the Coulonge and Black River, the settlers will be in the most advantageous position for obtaining good prices for their produc-^ and the road, so far as it may be opened, will pre- sent the double advantage of being useful to the lumberers working up these riversf as well as to the settlers. A iaI ^1^"1'^ '^"^'?est that this road should be opoiiod from the front Pontiac road in Mans- field back tour miles thr..u-h that township to I'ontefract, and thence about twelve miles further to and along its we,t outline, the site to be more definitely determined on survey of the imp— in al say sixteen miles, at $300 a mile, making it a road of the third class, a« regards locale of work, would require an outlay of 94,800. The Coulonge is the first unbridged river in the main front road on the north side of the Uttawa, above the city, and bein- a large one, it is the first s<;rious obstacle to commu- nication and to the progress of settlement. The river Coulonge ent.srs the Ottawa about a hundrtd miles above the city, and as the country at that distance i.s but partially settled land only on the front, the main road here is virtually a colonization road essential to the further progress of settlement, and the Duil.iing of a bridge ov,;r the river Coulonge is much required, not only for the upward travel on the Ottawa in conncetiou with lumber trade and the eastern settlements, but also tor the extension of settlement in the townships uu the main river, as well as on the tracts in the rear liko that just mtuiioned. As already mtntioued, I took the iieoes,sary sectional measuromentof the river to enable me to mako a plan and estimate of the proposed bridge. The river is there four hundred feet wide and about SIX feet deep in the channel, with a strong current and high steep ban.s aud therefore ,,u,tc untordable. The bridge requires to be five hundred and teS feet in length, and twenty four feet in htieht from the bottom of th" nham*.! I» .l^.nld hav.. six water ways of sixty feet wide, or five of seventy-two feet, with queen-post tresses HI the latter ease, or king-post tresses in the former; the cost would be equal in either case, io give security, as the bottom is of shifting sand, the piers should be well sunk with pro- S"»fi'"'r^''°" ^'''J' \^'^^ ^'''"•^^^^ of bearing, and they should be sent down with a ?luni .fl T- "r '?^™' ""^^ P*"*^^''"^ ^^^ eddy behind the piers and th« plunge of the swell m front during freshets, from undermining their foundations. 14 Includin- $100 for the making of the road approaching the site at the east end, the appropriatioi. 'lould bu 83.232 ; with the 64,800 estimated for the Puntefract road, the total for those works AVuuld'be 88,032. A bridge is also much required on Black lliver ; at thirteen miles by the road above the Coulonge. Black lliver i.s the lost large river on the Pontiac road which terminates twenty miles beyond it, at the foot of Deep Kiver, where precipitous mountains come to the shore, rendering the continui'ig of'the road along it impracticable ; it will have to be carried through the valleys behind. Though the extent of land fit for settlement in this direction is comparatively small, it would be a mistake to .suppose tl'ut the public domain is too unimportant or unprofitable to justify such considerable expenditures on account of it. The laud that is good is unus- ually profitable to the cultivator, and much of the rem iindor now yields and will continue to yield a larger revenue to the Crown thiin the sale of the lands would represent, by the produce of its forests, which afford profitable employment to thousands on the spot, and in the commerce it creates. The making and improvement of the main roud up the Gatineau is the next subject I would suggest as meriting attention ; not as being of less importance than the preceding works mentio'ied, but because its claims to consideration apart from its character as a colonization road are such as to merit a special parliamentary grant. Apart from being the inlet to the lands suitable for settlement on the banks of the Gatineau and in the valleys of its many tribuijries, it is now the main road of a numerous though rather thinly scattered population who can hardly be expected, unassisted, to make and maintain a road of ninety miles in length, passing fn^quentiy over very rugged unoc- cupied ground, and which is tnueh used by the traffic of a branch of trade that yields a large profit to Government. Besides the price of lands sold. Government must have already received upwards of half a million dolbirs as revenue for lumber cut on the Gatineau. Lumbering was carried on upon it to a large extent upwards of thirty years ago, and during the last nine years alone, I collected in ground rents and duties on saw logs out on it, 822l,9u9, and far from being exhausted, the annual revenue has been gradually increasing from 818,454 in 1853. to $83,264 in 1861. It would not seem unreasonable were the inhabitants of that section of country to ask one )'ear's revenue, in thirty, of the public domain, to assist them in giving access to it for the purposes of trade ;iiid the extension of .settlement in it. The Gatineau road luiturally presents itself in two principal divisions. The low<'r part, from the village of Hull, opposite the city of Ottawa, up the west bank of the Gatineau to Brooks's, at the l^uagaji FalLs, in the township of Low, is thirty-five and a half miltB in length. For this (iistance the road passes generally over rich clay soil, the alluvial flats of the river, with rocky ground on the spurs of the hills, which occasionally come close to the river, sometimes in precipitous rocky bluffs, hemming the road in to the nar- rowest practicable spaee along their base. A stage runs regularly from the Ottawa to the Pungan. The land in that distance is Jill taken up and occupied, and the road in dry weather is a good ccmntry road, and much labor has been spent on parts of it by the inhabitants, but in coutinuou.i wet weather it becomes exceedi^ -.rly elit up, with the deepest po.ssible ruts, owing to the richue.ss of the soil and the great traffic upon it. In many places it needs ditching and culverts, and there are some danuerous old bridges upon it, ana bad rocky hills that are serious obstacles, requiring much cxpi^nditure to improve them. A company was. 1 believe, formed for the macadamising of twenty-four and a half miles of thisroad, and a survey of the line and estimate of the cost of making it a macadiimised road were made by George IL Perry, E.-^(|uire, Civil Engineer, but nothing further has since been done to my knowledge. In a country liko that north of the Ottawa, where the land fit for settlement is much eiceedfid in quantity by that which is unfit lx>r cultivation, and i? so frequently to be found in blocks too small and scattered to admit of the form.ifioii of extensive lines of settlement or to warrant the opening of colonization roads to them in detail ; th improvement of main roads such as this which are absolutely necessary, to give access to the interior lands gene- jally, is a very certain and advantageous way of forwarding the settlement of such parts of f i 15 the public lands as are fit for it ; especially in such cases as this, where the road is tho highway of au extensive lumber traHc, which creates a highly profitable market for the bcttlers and cauaes settlement to extend and prosper where it otherwise would not yet be in existence. Thia would seem to afford an argument in favor of granting assistance to tlr; 'Jatineau macidamised road company, rhould they proceed with their design, as ir would, no doubt, most powerfully forward the settlement of the Gatineau country. Uncertainty as to how much of the road they may improve, renders it difficult to estimate definitely any sum for this portion of the road, between the probable end of their work.s and the Tuagaa, where improvement is certainly required, and be provided for in a general estimate for this road, in case of a grant beii-g obtained f>r it. An expenditure ol at least $4,000 would probably be desirable on this section, besides anything the company may be able to do. The upper part of the Gatineau road, from the Puagan to the river Desert, is that on which expenditure in completing and improving it is most urgently required, not only to give access to several townships containing together much land suitable for settlement, but also for the benefit of the existing .settlements and the important trade of the country. The distance is stated to be fifty-five miles Much of it is merely a lumber track or winter road, parts of it have been worked upon by the settlers, as well as the iumberers. Some colo- nization funds have been spent on other parts of it. The worst part of it. owing to natural difficulty, is the first twelve miles above the Puagan. It i.s with much difficulty and some danger that an unloaded buck board can be drawn through from the Puagan to the Indian Mit'sion Settlement at the river Desert, in the townsliip of Maniwaki . The first twelve miles, from the Puagan to the river Kazabaz'ia, embraces much of tho m )-?t expensive ground to make a road upon that can be found, it has been opened from tvveivc to twenty feet wide. With some dry, even ground it presents steep clay hills, much very rocky ground, varied with long deep miry places, where the remains of numerous pine stumps tlut have merely been cut close by the ground, will bo more expensive to take out than if the trees were left standing. The opening of the road in this imperfect manner and the making of some good causeways, a little side cutting, and some bridges Was all that the limited funds hitherto available admitted of bcirig done on such parts of the whole line as were worked on, and excepting partly in cltaiiugs, the grubbing and making the road, including ditching, grading and crowning, excavation and culverts, and the building and re-building of many bridges, has all to be done. A new bridge is required on tho Kazabazaa, 200 feet in length of work, and four feet higher than the present imperfect old one. The next thirteen miles to tho river Piekanock, iu the township of Wright, passes over much more favorable ground ; the cost per mile of making it a good road will be not much more than half the rate of the iireeeding portion. The following nine miles from the J^ickanock to Mr. Lenmy's farm, at the upper out- line of Wright, would cost still less on an average per mile, were it not for two consider- able bridges required, for which I have taki'u the necessary measurements. Beyond thia no work whatever has b, 1 ff '', if /'"'' P^*'' ''^"'^ ""»«'^ '"ore of thia in some decree (lie same advrtal.. ^,M l ?i ' ? p probuLle tliat they may possess Vmv Sau"^er.ay, t To^^ld } efb^urd o sunln r^h ^ ?f ''''^''' '1'; ''^'^'^" successfully in ease on the .rcatwaten and much mor^ IP W^' f "'x'.^'" "'^^ ultimately be the .t will be by-the groat'e^ehoro? inS u::^:at;^'^" '' '" ''''' ''''^^^' ^^''^^^^^ - ..rth^onh;ht];X^^^,Si^rtr;;nSX^ il-outh, is about three mile. Uiiles south of the latitude of Qu^bee ^^'' Baskatong is about four lax.pviutions that would b.3r; "is tribfum^ ^7T^''^ ^''^' f"'^ ^^^ '-»?■ so, 1 woul.l rospootiully -r.la n n .„b i't ,?" • r^"" f'^'^P'^"''^'^' f" doing would soom do.'irable L ,1 e , advn w nJ . • ^"^^/^'' fX^^^m of works thai for .ottlome,U, and of the piobrblL^i^ell^e'r;^;' r^:';!:^ :;::::':i^'^ -r -^ff '^ ably under that devoted ru sln.Mur oolinixation works iu'rnnefW^^ , f • T"'^T works. '' '" "'""'''^"' •"•••^'' ^y »^y P^'^f oxpericnc. i.i superintending such .It $.58U, less remains of appropriation of 1S»31.... «% 7S,t IJoad n, J)orry or the Kast Road on do. or both j .e oo„tnu.at,on of the Suffolk Road to Lake 3Jonomino- I"' Inuld.n- ol a Hrid-e over IJlack River in Waltham '^' he continuation of the c;atinoau Hoad towards Lake Baskaton.^ ;• > I'Hor ro that the eontinuatiou of the (Jatineau and ('oulo. e P.o.d the ^:^ri:l^^:^ rt/^'^^^^1 \^ '- ^^^^^^ •-. - refer to c^r proposed ro\d;\rveTsurvev^ i k ol- in "''t T? ^-'T^'' ^" '* ^'"^ ^'opresentation or the. leavi.., ,heirUu9t t^^^::^!^^:^:^ on c.;!::::;-!^.;;^:^:::::^^^ e,sew;:e?::^;;;k^up .nds ul' settlers who really waut the lo s 1\ n. n f ,i -^ T ^^ l''' ''P'"'*^'*' ^"^ ^''"^ obstruction .uent should be pn i^.; b' • hSiv e^^ ^dt the I^h"" '^f ''''f ''"''' '' ^''^^"^^ ««^^'- o;U a .i„,le day^ del^^ust ln2 ::;:^"'nn^':s"^S:^^:;SZ d'n 'f ""''■ viousiyAnd mighl' i;;;/!!;::^^^ d^l;:^^ rtss--^^ ^" ^"^^^ •'--- ^^- pvetel^S*"!:!^'"'^ '^'^ ^^"''•^ "^ "^^^^^ '^"'^ '^^ '"-t - J-^ to'enfbree eonfiseation on the . 3 18 For a simple and sell-actini,' systeui that would completely remove the obstructiou to ^fittlement caus.-d ).v p!«rtios takini up lands for the speculative purpose of wringing high brices. out of acfuMlVfttlers aftcrwara*», T be- to refer jou to my report on the St. Muunee Territorv, tr;in>r.iitte(l in March. IS')!*, containing practical .'^ugge.Htion.s u.s to the sale and uettlrment nf the waste lands of the Province, and the better adjustment ol the rights ol •ettlers and lumhorers, exhibiting a U'stem whereby lands could be ;!old to actual settlers at a Uicrely Lomiual price without any loss of revenue therefrom to the Oowu. I have the honor to be, respectfully, Sir, Your very obedient servant,, A J RUSSILI. SPEt'lFTCATktN Uf iht- i.iannti in whid. iho Colonization Road from the i*usi^nu KalU, (Jatineau, to th« River Coulonge, is to be made. 1." It is to be nmde on the site of it traced in the lield, excepting where otherwise pointed out by the Superintendent, or person in charge. It is to be cleared to the width uf 24 feet. , , * 2. It is to be formed to the width of If} feet ; all roots, stumps, and stones arc to be j grubbed out JO feet in width in the centre, which is to be solidly levelled up, and in ? drv ground ovc.ilv crowned with hard earth to the hcighv. of '■'■ inches in the centre, above the sidis ..f tlu' road. All roots, stumps, vcixttablc matter, stones, and timber, and other rubbiMh to be thrown 4 i'eet back from the edge of the (16 feet) road. All stumps in the sides of the road, that is li feet on each side olthe grubbing, to be cut down even with th« surface of the road when made. Xo -rowning to be done till all the grubbing has bet-n performed and inspected. '5. In moist or loamy uround. as p.Vmted outby the Superintendent or person in charge, the centre of the load is'to be crowned to the height of 18 inches above the sides, which are to be formed into continuous water-tables, so as to take off all the water. They may be crooked i.utside of the 10 feet to avoid stumps .>r other obst.acles. Or where reipured by the jiersou in churiie, a ditch :] feet wide and 2 feet deep, is to be sunk along the upper sfde, outside of the 10 feet, in addition to the crowning mentioned in the second clause; the earth from the ditch to be used in evenly crowning the centre, excepting' where it is black earth or vegetable matter, which is not to be used in crowning. 4. (hilvcrts, with suflicient discharge drains, are to be made in all hollows where water may at any lime pass, or where pointed out by the Superintendent; the water-ways to be at lonst lo inches wide, and 10 inches high, in the clear under— greater if required. They are lo be mad.- of cedar if it can be h.id, otherwise of black ash or pine flatted ; to be not less than 5 inches thick, the pieces to be 16 feet in length. The covering tu be supported by four cross pieces dovetailed into, and securely pinned to the side pieces. The lop of the covering to be lower than the road, and well secured by pieces pinned across the enda. r>. Such small bridges as may be required, are to be built of the same description of timber as the culverts throughout"; tlic covering to be of the same dimension^;, resting on four striimers, 1 foot in least diameter, supported by, and securely pinned to substantial side-logs, of a height sufficient to give free passage for the water at highest flood ; or on abutments of round logs of the sanie description of timber, laid in tiers of four each way, 10 inches in least diameter, slightly notched upon each other, and securely pinned at the corners. Larger bridges to be bail i in the same manner and of the same dimensions and descriptions of timber I'Xi-tqiting that the stringers for water-ways of 20 feet are to be not less 9 inches bro.id by 14 deep or round cedar pp^led not less than 1.3 inehe.s thick may bu • iVoTK.— Economy is effected by making the crowning only six inobfs on very dry ground (which merely provides ground levelling) when the untuve ol' the ground and other circumatances admit of •uch being marked and provided for in contracting, or where work ii done by a skilful overseer and a •elect party which, in difficult ground, i« the belt way of obtaining the beit result from limited funds. m 19 tructkiii to igins high t. Maurice le sale and e rights ol' iial settlers SslLI. ?au, 10 th« i otherwise ) the width e» ari! to be up, and in !atre, ahovi; ', aud other imps in the en with tho g has Vjet'U n in chargt^, ides, whic;]) 'i'h(-Y nmv re voijuiied 15 the upper ond clauiic ; where it is where water •-way!4 to he Ired. They I ; to be not e supported The lop of ss the ends, scriptiou of , resting on > substantial ood ; or on ir each way, nned at the ensiohs and re to be not liick may bo ;round (which iDces admit of Tcrseer and a limited funds. — with handrails i feet high ; the posts and caps of which are to be 6 inches square braces 4 inches square anu .'{ feet lonjr securely shouldered in and spiked to the posts i ! uscd- with braces i inches square anu .*{ Icet lonjr securely shouldered in and spiked to the posts and projecting pieces of the flooring every 10 feet. The flooring to be of 4 inches thick pine planks, or hewn cedar 5 inches thick, IH Ject in length, the projecting pieces to be G inches thick and '21) feet long boxed on the stringers. A binder H inches by 4 to be treenailed down on each side to retain the flooring. The posts of the handrails to be tennoned with it as well as the cap above and well spiked. The abutiiicnts and piers to be loaded with itone to the depth of 2 feet laid on a flouring uf suund round logs 8 inelics in least thick- ness. The approaches to bridges to be raised so as not to lie flooded in biirli w.iter; and all materials to be at all times subjoct tu the inspection and aj.proval of the j^nperinteudent or person authorized by him. Chips, logs and rubbish, wliieh might conimunicato lire, to be removed a rod back all lound bridges, and from the ends of eanscwavs. ami logging ui* pide hills. G. '"'^e water to be thoroughly drawn away from wattr-tabb s or sidc-ditelu'>, by oft- take draii.-i, H feet wide and 2 feet deep; or larger, il rcipiired t(» pass llio water when greatest. 7. All swamps or boggy places to \m\ ciiusewnycd or faseini'd. (";ui,>t'W;iys are to be evenly and closely laid, and hewn level on top and solidly bedd' d on the L'round, — the stumps beinu (irst cut below the surface, unle.->s where stringt-ra are necessary to "ive ele- vations over water. Stringers to be at least one foot thick and four tu the width of the road. The pieces to be of sound wood, IG feet in length, and 8 inches at least in diameter, — of cedar, where it can be had. Nine feet at least, in width, in the cpntrc to be evenly covered, :! inches in depth, over the highest logs, with earth fnon the side ditihes, which arc to be o feet wide and 2 fi^et deep, on one or both sides if re(|uireil to draw off the water ; otherwise, the earth to be obtained elsewhere. Where it may be found more siiitabli-, (uv be specially recjuired at the time of letting the work,) in swampy ground, the stumps are to be cut even with the surface. IG fe<"t in width ; the <'entre evenly raised (> inches, — the whole to be then covered with softwood brush and small trees, the top>; towards and over the middle, to tlie depth of one foot in the eeiitvi'. whrn eomprcsscd, :iiid G inches at the sides. The surface to bo closed with ;l inches of swamp cartli, with s inches of havde;irth over 9 feet in width of the centre, diminishinu to 1 inches at the side- of ilie, road, which may be made up with any earth obtainable, f'auseways and fascining. and the griibbin;' previous to crowning, not to be covered up til! inspected ami approved of. ^. On steep sidelong hills the road is to be cut lower on (he inside, and to bo 12 feet wide; besides a ditch near the cutting, 1^ inches wide and a foot deep. The face of all cuttings to have slope back ol' one foot, for every one in height. The out>ide to b'^ built lip solidly, with ; tones, or .-ound timber not less than 10 iuehos at the small end, ^\jth cross-tie.- every 7 feet. Or the side may be m;ide up with n layer '>f soft M-oif] bru--b. liid tops out, for every six inches of earth. f*. In forming the road, the earth i^ to be worked from the hci;rti!s intj tlie hollows: and banks and ridges, where more excavation is not speeifiod. are to be cut down 2 Tet. if necessary, to equalize the road In deeper cuttings, the roadway niny iM.jnly 12 (nvt wide. In passing among rocks, or in vory'rocky ground, a passage of 10 feet in' width will be sufficient, the points of the rock to be broken down, and the spMces Iietwecn ibens -ojiijlv built up with stones, and the wlfle crowned with hurd earth. 111. In descending hills, the water to be turned ofl' every nO or I.i'> yard*, iiecordin;: to the steepness, and at the head of all cuttings. 11. Xo earth work done later than ;!l,>t Oetiiber will be accepted or p.-u'd for iliis season. 12. All trees that lall on the road till tinally received, io be cleared out, as well as «ny overhanging or other timber, or trees that may be considered likely (o fall into the road. 1'). If the work be not c, .1,,. '' .«vno|rti? or Kxpi'udifuic iMidor Ai.iu-u)Mi;ui.,ii. .,f |-(i| ....^.7 '''■■ ''"• ''"■ 'd' Inniiir vciu> _" J Opeu.ag ,..f >'orth Road liuc fr..„ Ma.ham ,„ ,b. rKl..uuck-I.c,cri,,liou of Un.^. and land thereon ■> I ^scnpf.u .f diflorc. ..la..,. ,d K„ad W. andk-.blo .„ raloui^a.io„ Road., nith remark, on i>"a. of n„r,d ,vork .I.-,.nlM>d ,j, N'Tlh Rnad to I'ifkan'.ck roMiiiicd SulTulk Road. In Vallev of R. Rotilc Nation-iavorulde chara.tJr^riho'nnc ^i'roloui.aii'*e''' U ^prn.ns "I" Road. Hull .o, Hk- Catiutao to Rowinan mv, rl„. R. nox LNvro ' ,, •.'liaractcr of fomitrv .mi R. aiix Lio\rcs t)o. ..„ L„„er l;.. RluiKdir. and pmpo-rd Roadi (o oi.ei, good lauds In I>orrv, a", i^ Propa..cd Road in I'ont.lracI, lM.„ven- ruuln„^-c and RUuk Kivcr. d.scriplionfof 'laud. . V^ Propofcd Rrid-c omt Ri^cc Cjulou^jn Pr..po.ed completion of main (iath.cau l!..ad to . ■. fuvrrOe-eri'ldmportaui'rof 'iv" gi^a't ' '" rfvcuur fr.on the River Galincau Descripiiou oi thi, R,ad by flections, and estimated e.,,i ^>imal\n'i\OZ^''ZZZ[\ |4 Proposed contiuualion of it for Scttlrment Description of Gatiiicau Country as afield for Settlement.... . j'^' Of the f.reat Northern Valley of the Upper Otta^ra heha.d it, a^' do" " do.""'. ".','.'.'.!',"! ifi neeapituladon of proposed further 'Wurk'v The evil .,r Spceulalor. taking up laud f, the ob.,>M..i.,n "r'seUUu.ent.' and' remedy 'referred '.Z \] Printed form of Road Speeiflcation .-nd Map ■ : Otta^va and Pontiac herewith. 18 i I R E p o:r T ON THE ELGIN COLONIZATION ROAD. Free Grant Office, St. Jean Port Joli, 7th January, 1862. To the Honorable ^ P. M. Vankouohnet, Commissioner of Crown Lands, Quebec. Sir, — I have the honour to transmit with this, my .\nnuai Report, a Suf plementary Statement, containing full details relating to the establishments of tho-e settlers who had taken up locations upon each side of the Elgin Road, previous totheSlst December, 1861. This statement will point '^ut the number of lots conceded; the names of the resident set- tlers, with the number of persons composing each family ; the number of acres under cul- tivation ; the nuoiber of acres upon which the timber is felled ; the number of houses, barn.'t and stables erected thereupon, as well as the state of cultivation on each lot, and tbe quan- tities of produce harvested by each family on each lot, during the past year. By this statement you will observe that the number of lots conceded, as free grants, reaches ths figure of 250, 67 of which are settled upon by seventy-three resident families. Of the latter number, twenty-nine families, numbering 131 persons, have taken up their locations during the year which hr.a lately closed. If the number be not found very large, it must be attributed to the miseiablo crop of 1860, which, from its .scantiness, was the cause of preventing many families from settling upon the road, as their limited means would not enable them to wait for the crop of 1861. Nevertheless, owing to the abundant crop of the past year, I have reason to h^pe that the progressive movement, which had slackened on account of this untoward circumstance, will now take a new start, and assume more encouraging proportions I a;n informed thaf, even now, several families are prepiring to leave for the Elgin Ruad in a few days, particularly those settlers who harvested crops on their lots last fall. The 73 resident families, of which I have spoken above, are composed aa follows : — Men 73 Women 54 Ch'Mren. ' Boys, 12 years of age and upwards 41 Girls, do 35 Boys, less than 12 years of age 94 , Girls, do 72 242 Forming a total population of. 369 souls. All the families of French Canadian origin have emigrated irom the parishes in the Seigniories of the County of L'Islet, with the exception of two families, one of which is from Chester, in the Eastern Townships, the other from the City of Quebec. The increase of cattle also furnishes a satislactory proof of the prosperity of the set- tlers. This species of property may be divided as follows : — 38 horses, 16 team-oxen, 5 steers, 40 milc.'v cows, and 43 sheep, forming in all 142 head of cattle, equivalent to an in- crease of 50 per cent, upon the stock of the previous year. The frequent rains of the I (I II 1 2 at^iN ftoLONiZATioK aoA». „„„th, of Ma, a.d Ju„« ... 'n'^fe^;;* ^^^^Sd VXtd!^^^^^^^^^^^^ td pS of the previous year. Scarcely more than UtS acies couia , , „._„'_u„... onf 669 acres were sown, leaving about 300 ler (aba to be 1 and bar rveaT;«ch; •figure of '48, wMcl.. »««1 >-> *« -">- l"-'"""'' tion of which is hewn and piled {tas should tho seuson be sufficiently dry acres in meadow and V'^'''^'^^^^'\'\2,^^\-^^^ to be burned next spring, [ry. The number oi r 48, which, added willYorm a total oF 142 building^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^.^.^ ^^^ ^^^p, ^,,,,„ i^^l : acres in meaaow anu puM-uic, u^o.-^.,. .>-- -7 . tion of which is hewn an^d piled (/'-«*''^fj;/^'^-)^;; of IVuTeland barns, constructed dur- 1 • I _j.i„,i i-^ t\^^ number T)reviouslv erected, I submit the luUowingi Seed. >l/«ots. Wheat, •?"* Eye ^^ garley ^^^ Peas and Flax Seed 17 J •268 i Oats ..... Potatoes Turnips. Crops, Minota. 474 569 i880i 88 2806* 3646 125 8691 0589 Minots. Total. If we take into account the numerous tend, - as, for instance, want of proper agric d(n with moss and rotten uprooted trees.--,. >..^^^-- ^ood oualitv of the soil, which, not- s of the season', operations, a convincing proof ''^^^^ J'^^JXccd at the rote of more than iths.anding all the above ^^^-'^^^^^f^^l^^ ^t^t:^^^ ; a i minots fur each mmot sown, and noaily 14^ mmot... 10 uitu au obstacles against which the settlers have to con- ;;Ss;;:;:c;;want of proper agricultural ins^rumen^ to^reak up o^etu^^^^ lad( n with moss and rotten uprooted trees.-we cannot fad to perceiv.^, l^^'l^^^^l.J J^ sis withs 1 result well worthy of attention, constructed on the Rivi6re Quelle, which During the year a new ^^^.^'^^^^^.^^^ "^^r .aw^^^^^^^^ course of erection, has lately been put into operation. Two other baw ™^>^ J^J^^ " , mentioned mills and will very .oon be prepared t°|oint^oi^3 t n Whe^^he wo ^.^^ ^^^^ .^_ shall have ^^ Pf^ ^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^ along tlfe road, which a a-fficulty under which many ot them now labor Ahe actue F0P"J exertion be a most valuable medium in the development ot its resources.^ Colony, and they willingly assist each other wl establi.-hed in the vicinity of the Tach opening ot' Post Offices -^hwee% mails ^^^^^^^^^^^^ Tacl>e Head and St. Jean Port Joli, in order that facilities may be^ff«'ded to the gi owing Commerce of the respective localities and the social intercourse of the families settled there, rwto solicit very respectfully, your powerful support in this undertaking, as I am actu- Lef by a dSe t^^^^^^^^^ myseVusef^ll to .be localities placed under my care.. Apart jl'tL^ncLse of the. popilation, which renders an ef^^^^^ iiitf.ir r.pppssarv there la alSO me imporiaucc ui lult iiaijE oi <".!--!jj -----„,, SaroTeSir rapidly developei. a, ,eu will bo cabled '"HR'^J.*! '*"'»« •ynopUoai atotemeot of the value of the crops and produo. during the year 1881 .— I XLOIN COLONIZATION ROAD (J 474 minots Wheat 669 " , Rye 1880J " , ^ , Barley 88 " . Pease 2806} " . Oats 3S1« minots . Potatoes 125 " . Turnips 12 tons . Hay 180 " . Straw 11440 lbs. or 57 qts ■ Pork 20150 lbs. or : 201}" Sugar 162 M. , Shingles 37000 feet , Sawn Lumber Wheat Valuedat$l 25 per minot $592 50 Rye " 80 " 455 20 60 " 1128 30 " 1 00 " 88 00 " 38 '• 1066 47 " $0 25 " 911 50 " 15 " 18 75 14 00 per ton 16S 00 5 00 " 900 00 16 OOperqt 912 00 8 00 " 1612 00 2 00 per M 325 00 7 00 per 100 pes 259 00 $8436 72 Increase since last year -. $3445 72 To the value of the agricultural products above detailed, it is proper to add an esti- mate of the value of the improvements effected during the year, such as clearing opera- tions, buildings, cattle, &c., &c., shewing the increase of capital thus obtained : — 3 Saw Mills, valued at :.. $1400 00 9 Houses, at f 50 each 450 00 40 Barns and Stables, $25 each 1000 00 128} Acres Land, cleared, at $12 per acre 15:39 00 1141 Do. do. (a6a«is) slashed timber, at $8 per do 918 00 20 Horses, at $50 each 1000 00 10 Cows, at $20 each 200 00 1 Steer, at $15 15 00 21 Sheep, at $2 each , 42 00 $6564 00 forming a grand total, of capitpl created during the year, of $l.i000 72. In order to point out more clearly the total value of the property and effects realised in the settlement, from the time at which I was placed in charge of the Colonizatiorj of the Elgin Uoad, 2 years and 8 months ago, I will take the liberty of referring you to i;iy An- nual Report of last year, from which the following statistics have been extracted, which, added to the quantity o'' produce harvested during 1861, will give the following result: — Producis of Agriculture and Manufactures in 1861,., Farm Cattle :— 38 Horses, \alued at $50 each $1,900 00 88,436 72 16 40 5 43 Oxen, Cows, Steers, Sheep, •25 do, 20 do, 15 do, 2 do 400 00 800 00 75 00 86 00 Landed Property : - 4 Saw Mills, valued at 62 Houses, valued at $50 each 80 Barns or Stables, $25 do OOOi Acres cleared Land, at $12 per acre 731 i Do. (abat(is) slashed timber, at $8 per acre. 8,261 00 1,800 00 3,100 00 2,00v) 00 11,631 00 5,850 00 Total value of the Settlers' property and effects $36,078 72 Tliis remarkable re.sult, obtained in a loctdity which, but thr<;e years ago, was an un- touched forest, is a convincing proof of the happy effect produced by the Free Grant sys- t«ra upon colonization, and huds us to trust co..fidontly in the future, in view of the orga- nized exertions of the Government in favour of colonization, and the patriotic efforts of Bomc politic-i'l men, seconded hy tV.c pr.>ss of.-.!! parts of the country Moreover, I submit annexed, a comparativi! statement in detail, of the progress ot 4 ELGIN COLONISATION ROAP. il 'u-o isfiO and 1861, shelving the property settlement on the Elgin ?»''lJfj.°8 *<'C" inl enaHo yoa to sec at . glance, without f;r;^iei^;trxtsiruveiL^ht.inea. ^e r^Alnnirfltion on tho Elgin lload, during STATEMENT .he^ing^the^progre^^f^^^J^ Increase of $10,586 2" over 185',> JncrcHSO of $9,881 72_ over ISrtO. Showing an iucroaso, in two yearf over 1859, of • $20,470 92 * Tw.-thirds of the crop completely tle8troyc(l_byjro^t- through th^ Districts «^^' <^;-^^'^I;tCt tlnMl^ S ti L" TEl^iu Road. ^U I Keport with rctorencc to t '- 5 Wt^^^^ " , y tW ^1 P-of uC solid progvos. in that ""^''^i^;..^ . ti.c e;,;. iw, .hero ™;-^iij'i:;:;,-Zo;:;'s";;;.u;nr^ ing the Provit^cial Li..e. As there ^7\^""'%'f ' ''-^ '^ ^Vco^^^^^^ tha asun. orr2,500 the road, and a. all t>u. lots .re granted, I you ■ r .^P cH y ^^co mn ., . , ^^,^^,„^,,. beapi^ropriuted tor the opening un.l compU^t. on « \'^f ^"^^^^Ji";;; ;,,,,y Uertion to forward In conclusion, you may rest assured Sir, ^''^^J/™. 'Tf^g ^cea a^si'^vd (o my care, the intercuts of colouization in that V^^ oi^^^^^^^^' Your obedient servanl , rSiened,) Stanislaus Dravkai), ^ Agent of the Tach<^ ami Elgin lUmd.*. )pcrty thout uring H E I> O R T ON TBB MATANE AND CAPE CHAT Total COLONIZATION ROAD. 28 U 142 .verlSSt). over 18rt0. n two yearH icM Road i a Special 1, which I CSS in that iiul plaf'^'fl fore vtach- liovtioii of u..r«2,aOO to forwiU'd Lu my caro. \\m 1 1 RiMOUBKi, 18th January, 1862. To the Honorable the Commissioner of Crown Lands : Sir, — I have the honor to submit for your consideration, this my general report, which contains all the information which I consider it my duty to furnish, in order that you may be enabled to form a correct idea of the numerous advantages resulting from the system of Free Grants and from the opening of Coloniaation Roads by Government in this part of the Province. Annexed will be found statements of the progress of colonization on the lands situated betweeti 3Iatanc and Cape Chat, in the three districts crossed by the road between these two points, and on the Metis section of the Kempt Road. In order that you may bo enabled to judge at a glance of the nature of this progress, I purpose analyzing it in the following manner, viz : — The number of sottlers established on the 3Iutaue and Cape Chat Road, on the 31st December last, was 67, all natives of Canada and agriculturalists, hailing j vincipally from the surrounding parishes. We find among them, heads of I'amilics in ca.sy circumstances, who have taken advantage of the Free Grant system on tiiis road to establish there chil- dren there, as the paterniil property was not sufficiently large for the settlement of the whole family, and they actually take such interest in the success of their children th.it in many cases thty have gone to reside among them, in order to alleviate the toilsome labor of beginning the work of eoloni/.r.tion and to facilitate their operations. The number of settlers in possession of lots, but not scttl il upon them, wits (Vl at the .same late. Of this number, 4 are in possession of lots which (annot bo granted as Free Grants, on account of their importance, as they eor^tain water powers and fishing sroun(^s They will ue sold aca'ording to the rules "1 the Detiaitnicnt, at the ordinary price charged for Crown Laids. adding a price for t'^ -vd water powers and fishing grounds which will be eotabllshe; by valuation. The pf.pulation at ;".*" mumc date nunil)erod H'V.\ souls, all professing th 'v.iMsolie religion. The ;:r!n)ber of buildings was 5<) houses a;id 1 chapel ; aLo two j.':\w mills in eourse of con.stru''tion. 1 may perhajsbe permitted to draw your attention to that portion of the law whi i: ■ .vlers die iinmodiate erection of a house obligatory upcn i)u - 'tier. 1 have found fa ,(i.i-utU 'his requirement very difficult to meet it^ account of th.' danger of fire. ThcM'iler avIk^ is fro" from this requiren ent generally builds a hut, which serves lilm for the first few } ai's, and only builds his house when the danger of fire has disap- peared. Several located .setth^rs have not yet built their houses, but, in the mcantinic, they reside with families already established there, t'' is becoming entitled tc t .c exemption from buihling. 781 acres of laud have boen cleared and placed in a state oi culiivativ ,, also 705 acres Icive been siaslied {■■i'u ahnttis.") A traet of 476 aero? haf» been sown th'" vcar, anu the following has been tlio produce of the crops ; — ! MATANB AND CAPS CHAT COLONKATIOW ROAD- Wheat, 640 minots, valued at $150 per minot... WOO Bye, 804 " 100 „ - , 249 50 Peas, 150 ,^ ''^ .. ... gOl CO OatB, 504 "^ ^^ ^J „ 963 30 Total value of the Crop ^^M^ ^^ the Spring of 1861,rcach- 10c. per ■" 3g the s( rel 116 barrdTFrTshrsold at Si.OO per barrel Cattle of different kinds belonging to the settlers- ..27 Horses..... ' .... 40 Milch Cows • .••• ". 22 Young Oxen and Heiters ...159 Sheep ."...!..".!". 147 Pigs * 395 Pound^cf Wool, 250, with which were manufactured: ^^^^ Fulled Ooth ■ ■•'■■■^■. 93 do Flannel "■•■■' . , The crop this y.. an..g the -^^^ P^^ ':::^^V^:^S ^^ general destruction ot the gram sown, ^^^^^^ ^^J,,,^ i, the above st.tHtical (abattis) dur.ng the >"7^^ ;/ .^^^J^^^iJ^^ brthe pvodu.t of a so.-od^ and with statement, arc, with a ew ^^ ^he se tRr du .^ ^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^,^^ 1,1 others, the rr.ll quantity ^f^^^^^^ftoeihiahly remunerative, had the settlers b.en have yieldo 1 V^.'^^^antly and would ha^e cc^ ^. J^„.,i,,i,,,, ,,any of them hope to find spared from this ^'^^^'^''r"'r..*iCro^^^^^^ of the current year. in their crO;3 sufficient grain to meet the '<^^ "J^ """\^^^^^ ^^ i,i all new settlements, we I« addition to the -^^^f^'f^^'^^'^ZonM^^^^^^ fi»« <^^^''- ^ou will have xunst add the cod-fishery; this fi«!^.^;'"J Pff i^^^.^i^; 'ul^ sold codfi./n of the value of vemuvked, by the statement furnished ^^^ ,T\n. is a valuable resource, as it is the ^^ ^^::;erage yield of grain -^^^^P^S^^ ^:id!SS;S:^:^^ been something more than^GQ in value to each am y, ^ ; > J calculations) say and the revenue derived from the laerea e f ^^ |^ f;;^^;.,,! %,,,, I average revenue 825, The whole of this, added to the y'<^ f ?/^/Jf * .^^ '^ '' the settlers. of $119 per each family ;. of course, ivregul.r > ^^^^^^^^^^^^ ,, J, ,,othing to pay for rent When we consider that out ot thi. «'';;^ '-^^^ .^^ ,^;,, ^om ly earned by tbemselves by ^^ 'TL two e.trer.es of tl. r., in Je ..r..^^ ^^^j^- ^J^U^^' ^^^^ MATANE AKD CAPS OHAT OOLONlZATtON ftOAb< ce of the d tiaber, sfcti-tical and with I'op woulil tiers b< en jpe to find nieiitH, we , will have e value of is it is the md before ; tract, has • ubout 86, ations) say i»e revenue ay for rent mselves by ilating con- icritance, I t a success- lieu, oloni- ;rt. ! viciuiiy of the two old settlements of Matane and Cap Chat, where trade and manufactures have con- tributed largely to their progress, more particularly on account of their easy means of communication with Saw and Grist Mills. The district of Dalibert being in a more isolated position, does not possess these advantages ; moreover, the bad coudition of the road has been one of the principle causes of this retardment. At the present moment the road is in g;od repair, activity is apparent in every direction, the clearings are becoming rapidly enlarged, and I have reason to hope that between this and the spring, I will be in a position to submit facts, which will prove that the piogrrss of the settlement has been satisfactory. On every part of the road, the soil is of a quality which renders it fit for cultivation, and the climate is well adapted to the production of all kinds of grain. The 61 persons who are in possession of lots, but who are non-residents, live in the parishes in the vicinity of Matane aad Cape Chat. Several of these continue vigorously to increase the clearings commenced last year, and have expressed their inteucion to take up their residence there in the spring. Others, but happily a very small number, appear to preserve their claim upop them, merely for speculation. I am watching them closely, and have already informed them, that if they fail to conform to the spirit and conditions of the law, their lots will be resumed without further notice. I am happy to be able to report that perfect harmony exists among the settlers estab- lished upon this road, and that, at the present moment, no single case of disputed land claim exists. The settlements on the Metis section of the Kempt Road, have also progressed in a remarkable degree These new settlements in the interior, however, are subject to a scourge from which the establishments on the sea shore are spared. The Ltter have the advantage of the sea breeze, while the former are subject to heavy frosts. The limited extent of the clearings, in the new forest settlements, prevents a free circulation of currents of air, thus, when tho '-"phere is still ; very frequently at certain seasons of the year, during the night, w <,■ lir is laden with moisture which arises from a soil not yet thoroughly drained, .-osts cause serious damage to the growing crops. This occurs in all settlements sim • ,_, situated, and ou that account we find that the settlers give more of their attention to the cultivation of hay crop, for whic i there is a ready market in the neighbouring parishes. I submit the following recapitulation of agricultural products, extracted from state- ment No. 4, hereunto annexed, shewing the state of colonization on this latter road : The area of cleared Land is 215 acres " " in a state of preparation - 90 *' The number of acres cultivated in 1861 was • - - 192 *' Which produced a crop of: — Wheat. ..160 minots, valued at Rye 122 " Barley.. .570 " Peas 28 " Oats ....254 " ?otatoes.590 " Turnips.. 115 " Hay... 8, ICO bundles $1 1 1 5 50 »159 00 00 50 20 40 30 30 122 285 33 101 177 34 00 per 100 bundles 405 00 00 00 60 00 50 00 Total value of Crop $1,317 70 Cattle belonging to .iic S iUlers : — Hor.<^es 10 Wilch Cows 10 Young Oxen and Heifers 19 Sheep. Pigs... 39 21 -99 Wool, 73 lbs., wi'h which wtre manufactured : — Fulled Cloth ,. 68 yardi, Flaa&«i > 4 MATANB AND CAPE CHAT COLONIZATION BOAT). Settlers established 31st Deoembei, 1861 J* " in possess" .n of lots " 2g Total population g Number of Houses __ i. • u». +l,fln Hip fnrmer one ; thus we find, that in spite of the frosts, This settlement is older than the former one, inus w , i ^^^^ andtheabsenccof fisheries, the average of the g^^^^^^^^^ ^^^,^ ^^^^ ..odern settlement^ ^^^rnVaTone^.reroVroad ! suit d ?o t^ie requirer nts of these your attention to the want of a proper .jstem « ~, « ^ j ^ t Lall isolated settlements which are s^^^^^^^^^^^ J ^^^^^ j^ ^^^^"^^ obstacle in the way of successful colom^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^. ^^^ ^^^^ , J^fo^tenTtL^^d:^^^^^^^^^^^^ 4SS^ of roads, which would be in conformity to establish themselves on uc ?^^,,^„^1*^P^^^^^^ I have been prevented from themselves, although the division yi^«^^^;\^^t\ >^',^j;^^^^^^ to the mission which you did giving my undivided at^^^^^^^^^^ ^, ^^^, p,,,i me the honor to entrust me with, viz ^""f^ V ^ . ^ ^^ Kamouraska. to the of the Tach6 Road from *«« district of Poh^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ MatapMia Road. I have keptyom Department ^mor ^ ^^^^^^ ^^.^ ^^^^ itVTotLTftw'rdrou^g^^ ^ ^-practicable country. The whole humbly submitted. (Signed,) J B- Lepage, Agent. m NOTE A'.v Mill' >o " fro'^ 'I //ir 111,11111 \, rifil Muptifthr fVinftttrr tif t'tinuHti ivnifii/nl ky.lnirfih lleiirhtHf Ruf " Ittf/ ■Sim . (im ' O^X!^l ^-//i, /?"•!■»'''/. Ih-iiftaniiin ■Simrritui Bninrh t',in,iilii r.ii it or TM£ t^MSiM. IE' SC/LE Of 6 N^ILtS ^M^^^ or TMC TMiiM. ll*Jj.iina'OIJJ SC/LE Of 6 N^ILfS To I I|JCH Lirp. ,Surv. Oen. J!n>lllr^ \ssl Cinn mi .VVI c'« f r ^.05 ^f^^... IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT 3) .^^'.-^ i?. t/i 1.0 I.I ||||2^ [2.2 '""2.0 1.8 1 1.25 1.4 1.6 4 6" ► %> p /2 ^ /2 /: 'c5. s ^ ^ O 7 /A Photpgraphic SgIbiicbs Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSVR.N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 c^. (/l c^l m iHKllnlnllil iHl maim I Kj Z.9£JiWi OF PART OF THE 7irRWE TERRITDMY Hni/r '/' Aff/rs io i Inch c w«rrwi>vl i(rM0 MOM'i^t^i Sui'fijjilhl fil-lUli-fl. J,. 0., y^.thi Ji/S,.u,:lft/ti. l>c{). Hurt:. Otn. for l.invti- CtiiuiiUi /)4'itff*'^tt*'ft/ of ('nnvti *f»im^imm r. 0.. ■^ty. Hurt;. Oen, ■'^iirirpnti ltr,iiif.rh /,Sfi2.) ( I'm '' < ro It'll /, ,1 n ff .r U 2 OF THE COUNTIES OF EBOKNE TWO MOUNTAIN K AND ■^^•G-EM'^^'^^^ T Xatrhfi*^? M-flhxreal four SCALK ULiles to otlc luct. Dcparlnwrif vf Ocyn l.nruVi \^ ^4Mfi>ec:iI.J)ec IS6J \ .Assist Ccrrvmr. A I M ^ ^ s6 OF Tin: iii':.:iii(!iiiiiKim(i« Tiiiiii ;ii<:! COLONIZATION ROADS EXISTING OR PROPOSED REFERED TO IN A.J.RUSSELL'S REPORT. of V> " .\l II ,. ,. I, 'M Jll<] ROADS -'S REPOnT. ■^ % ^x.. .a ^m' p& ''%;X"i-'^''*' ■\ " U- ^1 A v.^.^ ^. /' \ V REFERENCES ' ROADS M A D E on IMPROVED on BEING SO IN IHUI SUHVEYEO OR CXI STI f^ a ROAO LINES PfiQI'OSED TO BE OPCNCD AMD MADE ROAD i.//V£S in SUITABLE LOCALI Tl CS PP P S €D TO BC SURVEYED AND OPENED EXISTING ROADS \otf . TlU' Siirvi-vs l)i'l\v Ilif Cuiliiii-aii d llic Hniri<' iiii.\ |,ir vi-cs me too ciiii iinil iiiiiMM-r<'i'l to affcuil .iiinciiiriilt' M.ip P ^ R C N C E S IN lum ;eo to be R P S €D PCN E O li-i'i- iiiiA l.ic vi'CS me tiM) ('iinli'niliiti)i'y B'TIjx iiii, ^ T DBir » vv I? Fi'^XIIlKIIllL^ir'iriim^ TIKIII ]IKi C O LO N I ZATI O N ROADS EXISTING OR PROPOSED REFEHED TO IN A.J.RUSSELL'S REPORT. of V> '" W II |. «. 1. 4 I i / \ \ v.. ■V^ ^V A ^ -(J^ m'liA^ [(111 ]IKI HI, 'I ROADS O S£D 'S REPORT. ..'A ■':'M T I as PROPQSCD TO BE SUnv HY €D AND OPCN EO EXISTING ft A S yotf . TUP .Surveys- betwepii t^t? (Inlincmi *. ili<. Rivi.Mt- mix r.ic\TO.s nv<> too niul iiuixTfpct to HtTiircl jiimci'iiinlf \}(i]> . P R P S €D O PtN E O Rivi»'-Tf mix raf\T«'.s nvc too ooiitTiulidin-y '1^ 7 ft : '^y C-v ^ or 1 mmmrmmmmm It: (• CI ifwvtt K- ( f> 7hr-o/,tf> '". "• %. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1^ A<^4 ^^ 1.0 I.I 1.25 ^1^ m m u lit ut 1^ III— 12.2 1.8 u mil 1.6 V] vQ AW -^a 7 Photographic Corporation 4^ % ;3^ ^j O F PART m O F ■» »^ >» A SHEWING THE LINE OF THE T A C H E ROAD ///// vl/tcr Colon iy.iil«>fi liram lil.nus /nuluu/ f/it/rlhw /o t/h Seirli ifif'iiil l\in,shi\H on ihr Svtilh .su/4 r/'t/if RIVER 11 \ ' IDtPARTMENT OF CROWN LANDS, / '^^A/,.. ./^^ (' iiriLrn I s OF CROWN LANDS, arv Itt62. y ^ . x' (' onini I ssi c/ifr / N y >il .\tii/> I'l' //if /"ri'vincr I't '/< Fisij hi/t Siirw (!<■/! /{ni/n/i (oiitiilii I'mii-iI Sunuj/iiii/ li,,ti,c!i. A. (>, Ju.l(l, *,..,!„ II,, 0,r- ■■'•i.,'. Oea. \ Oij4. i.i. „. (Jen. wm I