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By a SPECTATOR. m LONDON: Printed for W. Owen, near Temple-Bar. 1758. ^ . [Price One Shilling.] { om^iVfi^ ': 1 THE READER { ' I ! MAY depend on the Impartia- lity of thefe Minutes, as the Writer, though prefent the v/hole Time, neither was himfelf an Acior m any Thing he relates, nor under any Inflmnce from Dependance or Con- nexion with thofe that were. And, the Authenticity of the Whole may be as far relied on, as it is poflible to cre- dit the concurrent Accounts of feveral Gentlemen, who were prefent at its different Parts, and related them regu- larly as they were tranfaded. Thefe i (4) Thefe Accounts were at firfi: col- leftcd, only for the Satisfadion of fome Frie?tds ; and are now commu- nicated for the Information of the Public^ becaufe they have none that are better. It is hoped, they will contribute to give the Reader a juft Opinion of all thofe braveyi/tvi^ who dinEled and afftjled in the ReduEtion of Louifbourg. ^ique fui Memores alios fecere mercndo. liMMM I (5) MINUTES Concerning the Reduction of - ,' ( - • LOUISBOURG, T'HE Commanding Officers in the Expedition againft this important Fortrefs, were thefe that follow j Of tht Fleet, The Hon'''^ Edward Bofcawen^ Admiral of his Ma- jefty's Blue Squadron, and Commander in Chief of all his Majefty's Ships and Vefiels employed, and to be employed, in North America, Sir Charles Hardy ^ Knt. Rear Admiral of the White, Philip Dure II, ECqi Commodore, , .„.,.,. Of the Army. Major- General Jeffery Amherfi, Commander in Chief of his Majefty's Forces to be employed in the Ifland of Cape Breton, &c. _ . . Brigadier-General £^'a;flr J fVhitmore, "[ ,. Bngdid^Qt-GtmvaX Charles Laurence, * Brigadier- General y^w^j ^''^^^. Colonel Bajiide^ Chief Engineer. B The ^f>i. >' S". i ! » i Namur ne Redu^ion The Fleet confided of the following Ships. Guns. r HoT^^^ Edw. Bofcawen^ efq; ^^\C2i\)iz\n Buckle. Royal William Princefs Amelia Dubiin Terrible Northumberland Vanguard Orford Burford Somerfet Lancafter Devonfhire Bedford ... Captain Prince Frederick Pembroke Kingfton York Prince of Orange Defiance Nottingham Centurion Sutherland ::{!: ••-'■ct C.\v.C^\ Frigates^ •T ,T Juno, Diana, Boreas, Trent, Gittmont, Shamion, Hind, Portmahon, Nightingale, Kennington, Squirrel, Beaver, Hunter, Scarborough, H awke, ^tna. Lightening, Tyloe. '^ The ' I '^■X. of LOUISBOURG. 1 1 -h m O O 1^^^ i/-> fi vO N ^/^ i<-i ^ -f- O^i N 1 1 ■ .^ -rl • inO ^ — f*^ 1^ l/^ •/-> f<~i — N -« 00 C U u • PS- 1 00 t>.vO C^^O ■ovO W 00 ON'O OsOO '-J •& P4 ?«,erq; OC C O O O ^ m •^ M c • M =5 :^ k rt o •—4 o U -a JJlUdllUf ) 1 Cnt. •S'.UUlj,M •lAli^jnjjl f. • "^ -' - - «^ - ^^ " - N ^' f» ^ •SJ]jO.UB{/\J IT buitjnt; ^-.-«--.-,|^ to - siouunol ' v^n -T) 1^ pjT!qn:or|| 00 sinrpvi-^ -- r^ fl ™ S|K.IOlI.Io-^I •1- S[dHl(f)| - - - •sjucofi.icj* - suSiju;;] j^ I- UNCO 00 i^O O CNOO «^ 1^ t^ O Lr\ Zohil - 1:1 •suoaSjnf?! *^ v-i oo N •M»Ki/V'"hl~ jUHjnlp^l - i sjdB3 o •1 ^ii' 'A\3Ji J -rrl ^ > SJofBf/vl "* ^"|« •sjtl.U'-f pz| '-^ Hcumht 'i f«|Of)"l^ _-«„„„-.-.-„- «-,rr, • 311317 ^|l|^ jauojof) - 1 "" •SUlBjLlBf)! ^ ' i*->f ■ft « <^) 1 r ) ■^ oj OO irs O l*^ f^OO 00 O O <^ •13U0|0f)l " . .::r!: •* ••■ 1. • 4-< o I'.i 1 1 O u . 6 S o u >> ' ■ r U3 ■A u • ^1 4h« c: "^ .1 di . > ' (-• ;> ■* o • O I • ail 1 III --* O • >. g iij •^ " ■ ■■ A s < ;2 o I . v.- with in the by Sea I Weft ^adier- ; Shore r land- inemy 1 Cape mce to atteries -licable of the at the )ft con- lis Bay m that e could )on the landing is Day in one lis Day he three a Gale, :, made er Rud- >ff. The ring on Shore, I 1 I of LOUISBOURG. p Shore, having fuffered a good deal in their Cables and Anchors, in the locky part ol' the Bay, in which they rode at that time ior the Conveniency of their Situation to the Shore, where the landing was propofed. June 5. Was a Day of thick Fog, with fo great a .S«r/ driving on the Shore, that nothing could be attempted. 6. Alter fome Rain and Fog in the Morning, it was judged proper on an Appearance of Change of Weather to make an Attempt of landing the Troops. Accordingly after the Signal made, the Boats they were debarked into, rowed towards the Shore: But, on the Report of Ibmc Captains of the Fleet, who were ordered to reconnoitre the Beach, that the Surf was then too high, the Troops reimbarkcd in their refpcdtive Transports. 7. When the Fog cleared up, we fojnd that the Surf was too high for the Troops to make any At- tempt of landing this day. But, in hopes of better Weather the next Morn- ing, a Regiment was fent, by the Mouth of the Harbour, in a Number of Sloops, with a Propor- tion of Artillery, to make a Shew of landing at Lorembec ; but not a6lually to land there till farther Orders, the General intending only to draw the Enemy's Attention that way, to facilitate his in- tended Landing at the N. E. end of Cabreufe Bay. Almoft every Day fince they had been at An- chor, fome of the Frigates hred at Parties of the Enemy they faw near the Shore, it was thought, with fome EfFedl. 8. About 2 o'clock in the Morning the Troops were debark °d into the Men of War and the ^'ran- fports Boats, rowed by their proper Crews ; the former under the Diredion of a Lieutenant^ Mate^ ' i . or •I »/ f 'H1 lo The RedtiBlon June 8. or Midjhipman, and the latter under that of the Officer of th:; Troops in each Boat. The following is the Order oUanding, in three Divijtons, given by the General, for prelerving the greater Regularity : > o rn 1-^ ^ 3 n C/) o -a 3 C •-1 n n P 3- 3 o (A n O -I • v> 13 t» Left Brigades Right m o O •1 fD_ 3 c» t/; tA c» 1 * Grenadiers. u c: s c o c X be rt O Light Infan- try & Frazr's Regiments of the Left Brigade, Amhft'slHopfon'sjLaur. jOtw's Regiments of the Right Brigade, Brag's Regi- Lafc.)Monckt|Anftr|Royals''"^"'- Regiments of the fecond Line Whitmore'sj Warburton': Regiments of the fecond Line, Webb's I Forbes 's . t; I t Previous to the landing, Capt. Rous in the Sutherland and feveral other Frigates, had, by the Admiral's Diredion, ftationed themlelves as near the Shore as was convenient, to terrify and annoy the Enemy's fortified Encampments, the better to prepare for the Attempt of the Boats. Their Difpofition was — the Sutherland and Squir- rel on the Right near IVhiJe Point-, the Kennigton and Halifax Snow on the Left near Kenning ton Cove-, and the Gramt^ont^ Diana and Shannon Frigates in the T (O t— « W d ^ >-. rt O u-l»Q^ ag's iment. en • fji X) o CO o Brag's Regi- ment. \nigton Cove', ites in the i o/* LOUISBOURG. II the Centre. Accordingly, after Commodore Durelljune 5» had reported it as his Opinion, that th^ Troops might land on the Left, without any great Inter- ruption from this Morning's Surf, about Sun-rife this Day a mod furious cannonading was begun by the Kenvington and Halifax Snow, which was con- tinued by all the reft with only fome neceflary Intcr- miffions in Favour of the Attempt, until about 8 o'clock. About 4 this Morning under Cover of the Ship's Guns, the Boats with a Divifion of the Troops, after a general Rendezvous near ^bile Point, made an Attempt of landing to the I -eft at Kennington Ccve, with 600 Light Infantry, whole Battalion oi Highlanders, and 4 Companies of Grenadiers, under the Command of Brigadier Gene- ral fVol/e ', while a Feint of landing was made to the Right towards White Point, conduded by Brigadier General fVhitmore ^ and the Brigades in the Centre were commanded by Brigadier General Laurence^ who made a Shtw of landing at the Frefh-fVater Cove, the more to diftradt the Enemy's Attention, and to divide their Force. The left Wing, finding the Shore at Kennington Cove impregnable, withdrew with fome Lofs from the warm Fire of two Batteries difcharging Grape and round Shot upon them in flank •, while feveral Swivels, and fmall Arms almoft without Number Ihowered on them from the Lines, that were about 15 feet above the Level of the Boats. As the Enemy had for fome Tears being preparing againft fuch a probable Attempt; they had now been fome Bays in Expeftation of our Vifit : They had acvordingly pofted themfelves along the Shore to the Number of more than 3c. o Regulars, Irregu- lars, and a few of the native Indians, in all the pro- bable Places of landing, behind a very ftrong •; ; ,f Breaft- i! 4\ % 12 ^he RehStion I V- I ^une 8. Breafi-work^ fortified at proper Diftances with feve- ral Pieces of Cannon^ befides Swivels of an extra- ordinary Calibre, mounted on very ftrong perpen- dicular Stocks of Wood, driven deep into the Ground : They had alfo prepared for flanking, by ereding Redans mounted with Cannon in the molt advantageous Situations — Nothing of the Kind has perhaps been feen more complete than rhefe Forti- fications, Befides, all the Approaches to the Front- Lines were rendered fo extremely difficult by the ^rees they had laid very thick together upon the Shore round all the Cove^ with their Branches lying towards the Sea, for the Diftance of 20 in fome, and of 30 Yards in other places, between the Line?* and the Water's Edge ; that, had our People noc been expofed to fuch a Fire from the Enemy, the bare Attempt of poffefllng thefe Lines, would have been like that of travelling towards them thro' a wild Foreji^ from the interwoven Branches of ond Tree to thofe of another with incredible Fatigue and endlefs Labour. Nor, was this Stratagem pofTible to be fufpeded at any great Diftance, as the Place had the Appea- rance of one continued Green of little fcattered Branches of Fir. And, but very few of the Guns on their Lines were to be diftinguiihed out of the Reach of their Metal ; the reft were artfully con- cealed from our View with Spruce- Branches, until the Boats advanced towards the Shore with the Refolurion of forcing the Works — The latent De- ftrudion was then unmafied, by the Removal of the Spruce-Branchesy and the adventurous Spectators wojjp foon convinced, thofe Works were not capable le noc jy, the Id have thro' a of ond fatigue fpedled Appea- lattered e Guns of the y con- r, until ith the ;nt De- jval of *(5lators capable rior to crength fome- what Cf LOUISBOURG. • 1.3 wliat premature in their Exertion of it: For,7«w8. betore our Boats came near the Wai:er's Edge, they began with great Alertnefs to play their Batteries, and to fire red hot Balls, bcfidcs a continual Dif- charge of their fmail Arms among them. The Conlequence had been much more fatal to our Peo- ple, few if any of whom would have efcaped, had the Enemy timed their Fire with more Judgment, by permitting the Boats to have adually landed their Men on that narrow fhoal Beach, taking no other Notice of them until they had been all in their Power, than they had done before of the Fire from our Frigates^ and of fome Boats that had been with Commodore Bur ell to reconnoitre the Shore, before any of the Troops had put off from the Tranfports. Exafperated, not difcouraged, at this Repulfe from the Enemy's irrefiftible Fire, the Troops of that JVing drew off with all convenient Expedition towards the Centre^ determined to rufli on Shore wherever they faw any Probability of Succefs, whatever Lofs they might fuftain. Soon after thi% the Lieutenants Browne and Hopkins^ with Enfign Grant and about loo of the Light Infantry happily gained the Shore over almoft impradicable Rocks and Steeps to the Right of the Cove, Upon which. Brigadier IVolfe dire<5ted the Remainder of this Command to pufh on Shore as foon as polTible, and as well as they could — which heightened their eager Impatience fo much, that the Light Infantry^ Highlanders and Grenadiers intermixed, rufhed for- ward with impetuous Emulation, without Regard to any previous Orders, and piqued themfelves mightily which Boat could be moft dexterous and adive in getting firft on Shore. In this manner, € though 1 BBB" I J June 14 The Rcih&:o?t g though all the while cxpofed to the Fire of a Bat- tery ot three (inns, that fonietimes raked, fomc- times flanked their Boats very fLirioufly, and of Imall Arms vvirliin 20 Yards of them, they were all expeditioully landed with little Lofs, btfides about 22 Grenadiers, who were unfortunately drowned, by havin;^ their Boats Itove in the bold Attempt. Among the foremoft of thefe Parties was Briga- dier IVolJe, who jumped out of his Boat into the Surf to get to the Shore, and was readily followed by Numbers of the Troops, amidft a moft obftinate Fire of the Enemy. Soon after landed Brigadier Laurence^ and was followed by the rell of the Bri- gades with all poinble Expedition. After him in a little time Brigadier IVbitwore, and the Divifionof the right Wing, gained the Shore amidft a conti- nual Charge of Shot and Shells from the Enemy's Liues^ feveral of the latter reaching alfo as far as the Brigades in the Centre. And, lail of all landed the Commander in Chief Major-General Amhcrft'm the Rear, full ot the higheft Satisfadion from feeing the Refolution, Bravery and Succefs of the Troops in furmounting DifficiiUies and defpifing Dangers. A noble Specimen ot the Spirit he had to depend on their exerting, in the Courfe of this Undertak- ing ; where they muft exped: to encounter lb many of the one and of the other. In fhort, never per- haps might this Obftrvation be more juftly applied to the heroic Bravery and Condudt ot Engljh Offi^ cers and Soldiers^ than on this remarkable Occa- fion — Regis ad Exev^p!um totus componitur Orbis. It would be an ijijunous Diminution of the Glory our landing Parties acquired in this hazardous En- terprize, not to remark particularly the Difficulties they had to furmount. — Such a boifterous Surf drove a Bat- Ibme- md of ' were xfides nately ; bold Briga- to the lowed )fl:inate gaditrr ic Bri- m in a ifion of conti- lemy's i far as landed bcrfi in feeing Froops ^angers, depend dertak- 3 many ir per- jpplied /h Offi- Occa- ^rbis. 2 Glory as En- IS Surf drove C/ LOUISBOURG. i^ drove on moft Parts of the Shore at that time as 7^//^ S, ftove a great Number of their Boats, by which fdvcral ot the Men were fo much hurt and bruifed, as to be very incapable ot" helping and taking Care of jthemfelves, and fome Others were cruflK-d to pieces between the Boats and the Kochs. MoR, if not all of thofe who did land, were obliged to wade tlirough the great Swell, themfelves and their ylrrj^s much wetted ; and after that, to fcramble up fuch rugged Rocks, and almoft perpendicular /•'/Yc'/p/V^j as to the wary Enemy's Engineers feemed in need of no Fortification or Defence^ their own ftcep, rough Afcent having been judged beyond the Attempt of Men under Arms bctore this^/i?ncwj Morning. And, to complete the difcouraging Scene, they were all the while expofed to the utmoll Fury of the Enemy's Fire, and not in a Situation of exerting themfelves in any Kind of Defence, except by terrifying the aflo- nillied Foe with the refolute Bravery of gaining what had till now been thought an inacceflible Shore, and landing in the molt unexpe6ted, one who had not the ftrongeft Proofs of the Fad might fay, incredible Places. But none, nor even all thefe Difcouragements were able to damp the truly Eng- lifh Spirit of our People in this brave Attempt — A national Spirit that our Soldiery are never known to want under the Condu6t of fuch Commanders as fignalized themfelves here — a Spirit that will give both the Officers and Soldiers of this inemorahle Day an honourable Diftinclion among Englifhmen^ as long as Britifh Bravery fhall be fuccefsful in the Defence of Britifh Liberty. The Spirit and Fortitude, which thus vifibly a<5tuated all thefe Troops in this heroic Attempt, no Itfs remarkably diftinguifhed their whole fuceeed- ing Conduct j which was but one continued Exer- C z tion ■a\ T fU '* 1 6 T'he Redu5iion June S.tion of the greatefl Bravery. They inflantly at- tacked the next Battery to them in flank with fo much Vigour, as foon forced u numerous Body of the Enemy to abandon their ftrong Poll with great Precipitation. And, fo great was the Refolution they (hewed in furrounding and attacking the Ene- rny's extenfive Lines^ that they had hardly given there a Specimen of true Englijh Bravery, before they faw themfelves left Majters of the Shore with all its ftrong Works. The daftardly Panic that appeared to flacken the Enemy's Fire as foon as they faw our Men landed pretty near them, now fheweditfelfvery confpicuoufly by its EfFedls, the little Refiftance they made when their Numbers are compared with ours, and the great Confufion with which they fled every way before our Men into the contiguous Woods -, while feveral of them were killed in their Flight, and upwards of 70 taken Prifoners : Among thefe were two Captains of Grenadiers and two Lieutenants^ who with the Men were immediately fent en board the Fleet. The French Officer that commanded here was. Lieute- nant Col. M. St. Julien, Our General Officers were all this time remarkably adive : And, it would be an Injuftice to their Merits not to fay, that we owe this Succefs chiefly to their animating Prefence and prudent Condu6t. The Enemy's Flight was the more precipitate, from an Apprehenfion, that Brigadier Whitmore^ who had landed the Troops on the Right, would attempt to cut off their Retreat into the Garrifon of LouiJJjourg ; which muft then have foon fallen into our Hands, as there were not, by their own Ac- counts fince, above 300 Men left in it that Morn- ing, the reft having been drawn to the Shore to pppofe pur landing : For, they well kne\y, that ly at- ith fo )dy of great ilution : Ene- given before e with ic that oon as I, now h, the lers are >n with nto the n were ) taken ains ot le Men , The Jeute- rs were 3uld be we owe ice and ipitate, ntmcre, would ifon of en into rn Ac- Morn- lore to /v, that the C/ LOUISBOURG 17 the Succefs of their Eflbrts there, was cffc(5luallyy^^^ ^^ to decide the Fate of Louisbourg\ which is not tenable for any long time agaiiift a numerous Army with a good Train oi Artillery^ alTiftedand iupported by fuch a Fleet as vvc had fu near at hand. After t'^is fignal Succefs^ which exceeded our moft fanguine Kxpeftations, the Troops were dif- pofcd in fuch a manner, as at once to pofTels the Sbore^ and to purfiie the Enemy, The Farty that remained at the Water fide, lecured the poflefTion of the Shore all the Way to Louijhcurgh for feveral Miles in Length, and found in different Places abandoned by the flying Enemy, feveral Arms, a good Quantity of Provifions and Ammunition, 1 7 Pieces of Cannon, and 14 large Swivels; a Fur- nace for red hot Balls, and two Mortars, one of Brafs of 8 Inches, and another of Iron of 10 Inches Diameter, with a Shell in it ready to be fired — but its late Mafters were in too much Hurry. Among the Slain was one Officer^ and a native Indian Chief, a very (lout, well made, and, . as fome of our Troops can witnefs, a very active, intrepid Man, with a Medal of Diftindtion from the French King, hung round his Neck, which was prefented to Admiral Bofcawen, The other Party that was imployed in the Pur- fuit of the difperfed Enemy, under the Command of the Brigadiers Le 5th of ct Morn- \i fuch a worked, 3, which That Ice e had no :ers com- froni the id 8 Tun prized at \ together ,e Thick- lay within en tolera- :he niceft Ships as h to it ? debarked weniently be 1 of LoUISBOURG. 21 be landed the Day before, and were not judged ini- 7«wc) mediately neceflary to be fent lor, from the extraor- dinary Succefs of the Parties who firll landed. 1 he Sloops fent the 7th returned from Lorembec^ with the Troops and Artillery. — There was a Lieutenant Colonel's Command polled in and round Kennington Cove J to guard the Shore againfl: the accidental In- curfions of the Savages from the adjacent Woods : Others of the Troops were ftationcd at proper Diftances on fomcwhat of a Road through the Woods, to keep the Communication open and uninterrupted between the Shore and the Ground that had the Day before been marked out for the Camp: The reft were imployed in clearing the Camp Ground. There were, befides feveral Out- Centinels, Parties of Light Infantry and Rangers ordered to patrole round the Rear of the Camp from the left Wing to the Back of the Poft at Ken- nington Cove^ to prevent all Surprize andDifturbance from lurking Indians^ Canadians that were expeded, or any fcattered Parties of the Enemy that might have been cut off from the Garrifon the Day before, or occafionaliy detached out of it afterwards. The great Surf this Day interrupted the landing the Baggage, &c. This Day fome Troops from France to the Number of 400 Men, part of the Regiment of Cambife got into the Garrifon, as we afterwards learned : They were landed at the Harbour of St. Anne in the N. E. part of the IQand of Cape Breton out of 4 or 5 Men of War, who foon made the beft of their way off, but whi- ther, we could not be informed. Thefe, we were told, were the fame Ships that had been chafed towards the Shore laft Spring in the Bay of Bifcay by Sir Edward Hawke\ Squadron. 10. Our I 22 Kv RcuMion 'Juni. 10. Our Troops were imployed in clearing the Camp Ground, pitcliing ot 1 cnts and carrying the Baggage, &:c. that had been landed by the re- maining Boats of the Men of War and Tranfports. 1 his Day the Surf was a great Interruption to the landing of Stores. There was, every Day that would permit, one of the Captains of the Line of Dattle Ships ordered to infpe6t and direct the land- ing of ail the ^torei and Artillery from the Tranf- ports neccflary for the Camp, and to attend this Duty until it was over, in a continued Rotation, ac- cording to their Semoriiy. The turbulent Surf almofl: continually driving on the Shore, made this a very troublefome Employment to the Diretlorsy and very harafllng to the Seamen •, fwamped and (love many of the Boats, and was fome Days fo great as to put it out of the Power of any Boats to get on Shore. This Afternoon Sir Charles Hardy, by Signal from the Admiral, flipped his Cable, failed from Gabreufe Bay with 7 or 8 Ships of the Line under his Command, and anchored off the Mouth of Louijhourg Harbour-, to prevent, if pofTible, the French Squadron from getting out to Sea, when- ever they might be difpofed to improve the Op- portunity of a fair Wind in a dark Night or a Fog, to fave their Ships from falling into ourHands. II. Our Troops were employed as the Day be- fore, and began to make Roads in the Camp over Rocks and M(?r^/"^j, other wife impaffable by Carri- ages, and hardly paffable by the Men without any Burden at all. This Day a Serjeant Major of Fifchcr's P.egiment of Volontairs Etrangers, with 4 of the Men, deferted from the Garrifon, and gave us Intelligence, that their Number did not exceed 4000, and including the Inhabitants that bore Arms, not 5000 Men-'that the greateft pare of i i \i ring the carrying the re- in fports. >n to the )ay that : Line of he land- 2 Tranf- ;end this ition, ac- rfahnoft: lis a very and very ive many as to puc n Shore, y Signal led from ne under /louth of ible, the a, when- the Op- ght or a irHands. Day be- imp over oy Carri- hout any Major of ers, with ifotjj and did not ants that ateft pare of C/" LOUISBOURG. 23 of this Regiment were fo well difpofcd to ckTert, that they only watched an Opportunity to quit .' Place and Service they had been tre[)anntd i^to, contrary to the Promites made to them at tlieir inlilling in the French Service — and that the I'.nemy had deltroyed the Grand and Ligbt-houfe Batteries, and called in all their Out- Polls. Some light 6 pounders that were expc(5led to follow the landing of the TroopSy could not be got on Shore till now; when fome Ariillery Stores were brought along with them. 1 2. About 2 o'clock in the Morning Major Scctt 'J^ne, marched with 500 Light Infantry and Rangers^ taking a fatiguing Sweep through the Woods, to go to take Poflelfion oF the Vght-houfe Battery ; and about 5, was followed by Brigadier M^olfe^ with 4 Companies of Grenadiers commanded by Lieute- nant-Col. llale^ and 1200 Men detached from the Line. They found this Battery deftroyed by the Enemy, and but 4 pieces of Cannon left, which they had fpiked up. A proper Quantity of Artillery, Tools, &c. was fent thither by Sea. The Situation of the Place was the mod advantageous that could be obtained, for annoying the IJland Battery^ and the ShipSy with our Shot and Shells. On the Sea- fide there was a little Cove^ very convenient for landing Artillery and Stores for the Batteries to be eredted here — befides two fmall Encampments deferted by the Enemy, with their Tents {landing, in which were fome Provifions, Utenfils; and a great Quantity of cured Fifh at Lorembec. All the landing Places here were defended with ftrong Breajl-works of the fame Conftrudlion with thole round Kennington Cove. At the Covey where our Cannon was landed, there were two pieces of the Enemy's Cannon left with their Trunnions knocked D 2 off, 'J i I !; I 1 . 14 7he Reduofiofi off, and at their upper Encampment 3 eight pound- ers, two ot them (piked up. After Brigadier Wolfe had reconnoitred this Poft, his whole Detachment incamped themfelves here about 4 in the After- noon, and the Light Infantry anr^ Rangers marched back to the Grand Camp. June, 13. At Day-break this Detachment began to make a Road for carrying the Artillery^ from the landing Cove, to the Spot fixed upon for a Battery. About 9 o'clock this Camp was alarmed by a Mefl'age from Major Rofs^ who commanded a de- tached Guard at about a Mile and an halt's diftance, between the Camp and the Wood, that a large Party of the Enemy from the (jrtrr// and Gani-june. I [on was made upon our working Parties. Some Shells were thrown from the Battery at Maurepas Pointy and from the JJland upon the Parties at the Light-houfe — In the Night thefe Parties worked very briflily in drawing Cannon from the Light-houfe, about the Diftance of tw.o Miles^ over uneven Ground never fmoothed into a Road, to their new Batteries near the Grand Baitery^ ta play upon the Fn^^/^ and the reflof the^^fpj, and to remove them once more, if pofiible ; that the Grand Camp might cany on their Approaches with the greater Security and more Kxpedition-. Some People of the Garrifon, to exprels their Surprife at this and fome other Inftances of the Suddcnnefs of Brigadier Wolfed Motions from one Place to ano- ther, and their Sentiments of the EfFe6t of his Ope- tions, ufed to fay There is no Ceitainty where to find him — but, whenever he goes, he carries with him a Mortar in one Pocket, and a 24 pounder in the other. E 2 . . July I. I 'it I! ^^ ;i i it n I I '! A . ■! 32 'The Rcdu^iion Ju!y. July I. upon Intelligence received, that the L.ieniy's Picquets on a wooding Party of about 400 had in the Morning crept out about a Mile beyond the Barrafoy ; Brigadier Wolfe at the Head of 100 Li^bt Jnjantry^ fupported by near 300 Regulars, with Orders left tor the Picquets of the Line to advance, if ncceffary, in about a quarter of an Hour came up wich the Enemy •, who made a Stand for about half an hour or better. But, being repulfed in this Skirmifh, they began to retreat from Hill to Hill, but in good Order, and firing " frequently. Our Party puriucd them all the while, referving their Fire till they came very near; when they gave them io warm a Salute, that they made a precipitate Ketrcnt to their former Poft. This Affair lafted about two Hours and an half, with only 6 or 8 of our Men wounded. By this Succefs the Brigadier became Mailer of two very advantageous Eminences, that he never quitted. A Redoubt was thrown up with all Expedition, to maintain the fartheft Poll •, and a little nearer advanced, a Redan, within 400 Yards of the Enemy's Picquets, amidft a brifk cannonading both from the Town and the Ships. From this Situation our Batteries, without being much expofcd, could play on the Ships at a good Diftance, ana by that Ivicans greatly facilitate the /Approaches from the Grand Camp. In the Afternoon a Party near the Right, after a flight Skirmilh, repulfed another Party of the Ene- my towards Cape Noir, who attempted to furprize and interrupt our working Parties. The Garrifon continued a pretty conftant cannonading. Some Deferters came in from the Garrifon, who were all fent on board the Fleet , that they might not have even a PofTibility of adling as Spies under the Pretence of being Deferters. This This of LOUISBOURG. 33 This Night two other Frigates were funk at the Entrance of the Harbour, very near the others — Part of almoft all their Top-mafts appeared above Water. •• 2. There were about loo Marines fent on Shore J*/), from the Admirars Ship properly officer'd, to join Brigadier Wclje^s Party near the Grand-Battery. 3. Our Troops were now very indefatigable in forming their Lines. 4. Notwithftanding the warm cannonading from the Befieged every Day, Five hundred Men were conftantly employed in making Fafcines for the Roads and Epaulement. 5. The faithful Partizans of the French^ their few native Indians., fliewed themfelves very watch- ful about the Edges of the Woods, by taking off fome of the Tranfports Men that were too curioufly adventurous, contrary to Orders, and intirely igno- rant how to deal with fuch a wary lurking Enemy. Sometimes they nabbed or carried off an Out-Cen- tinel, after creeping through Weeds and Shrubs, and fculking there for fcveral hours together, to watch an Opportunity either of (hooting, or rufhing in a Body upon him unperceived, when his Back was turned. Laft Night Brigadier Wclfe began to play a Bat- tery of 7 Pieces of Canncn^t 12 and 24 pounders, and two 13 Inch Mortars on the iihips^ while the reft of his Party were very adive in getting more Guns mounted. 6. The Vigilance and Adivity of General Am- herjt^ and of the Brigadiers ff^ hi i more and Laurenct in forwarding their ^r^«^ Befign from the Camp- fide, was not difcouraged or lelTened by the brifk, almoft conftunt cannonading of the Befieged, both from their Ships and Garrifcir, which only took off a Man !J ■t It ii '■i 34 Jbe Redu^ion a Man or two now and then, and at other times wounded fome few others. The working Parties from the Grand Camp, always under the Infpedtion of one of the General Officers, were conftantly em- ployed in forwarding the Jpproaches -, while the advanced and covering Parties always maintained the Advantages they had already gained, and often poffefled themfelves of more advanced Situations, to enable them with Succefs to employ the vaft Train of Artillery and Quantity of Stores of all Kinds, the Officers and Men of the Fleet had now landed from the Trani'ports, in all the Places that were moil convenient to their Roads. The Ap- proaches to the Town were greatly delayed by unavoidable Caufes — almoft a continual Surf on the Shore of landing •, the numerous Bogs necelTary to be drained before any Roads could be made over them for Carriages to pafs -, and the making of fuch a Cover as the: Epaulement from the Fire of the Ships in the Harbour, to which the moft conve- nient Fafs of Approach was expofed. Our Army had a Demonftration how necejjary it is to have a Squadron of Ships in that Harbour in the Time of a Siege \ and the Garrijon, of how little other Ser- vice an inferior Squadron to that of the Befiegers is, but to prolong the Day ol Capitulation, All the Troops were in good Health and high Spirits, and fufFered confidcrably lefs than might have been expeded from the conftant Cannonading of the Befitged. ; Julj' 7. Parties of the Troops were employed this Day as others had been on the former Days. Their Indifference to what the unexperienced might call a dreadful Fire from the Befieged at Intervals, was very remarkable. They regarded the Enemy's fre- quent Shot and Shslls^ juft as little as they did the . random C/* LOUISBOURO. 35 random Fire of their Mufquetry -, the Shells in gene- ral rather lefs efpccially in the Nighty when they could eafily difccrn the Line of their Diretlion by the Blaze of their Fufees — and if they fulpe(5ted that they were within the Diftance of a burjling Shelly they inftantly threw themfelves flat on their Faces upon the Ground, and almofl: always with Security — ;-their greatclt Danger was from a Shell that did not burft: \ot fome time after it fell— 8. This Night the Enemy made a vigorous Sally July. from Cape iVic/raboUw ii o*Clock upon our ad- vanced and working Parties at the Lines, where Brigadier Laurence commanded. The Salliers wirh a Body of about 900 Men, by the Darknejs of the Night and the Silence of their Motions, were for- tunate enough to pafs unobferved by fome of our advanced Parties commanded by Lord Dundonaly and to furprize iht working Parties in the Trenches; who with fome Difficulty retreated, as they had not their Arms to defend themfelves. Our covering Parties no iboner heard their Fire, than they ad- vanced, and, after a very brifk Oppofition, bravely repulfed the Salliers in a little time, with the Lois of two Captains and 17 of their Men, wounded feveral others, and made fome Prifoners ; among whom was a wounded Officer^ who fome time after- wards loft his Lije by his Wounds in our Hofpi- tal, becaufe he would not part with a Leg to fave it. The Lofs our Parties fuftaincd in this Skirmifli, was a Captain and 5 Men killed, 17 wounded, and 1 1 made Prifoners, befides the wounded Lieutenant Tew^ and Captain Bontein an Engineer. The Garrifon lent our a Flag of Truce for time to bury their Dead. — ~ It is remarkable that the Officers and the Party on this Sally^ ovv'ed what Refolution they (hewed to the 1 1. ■- p I Vk It' li I ■ill I m 36 T/je Redu5iion the flalhy, temporary Courage infpircd by Claretf whicli they had very plentifully guzzled before their ^ Attempt, as appeared from the Intoxication of our Priloncrs. Some Defer ters reported, that no Parties could be found in the Garrijon^ forward enough to go on this Service, without being firft animated by a fufficient Quantity of H^'ine, July. 9. By Order of the Admiral^ Volunteers for the Company of Miners were enquired for on board all the Men of IFar All the Men who profeffcd themfclves acquainted with the ufe of the Spade and Pickax, (hewed great Readinefs to go on this Service — mod of the Men on board. V Arethufe Frigate was obliged to haul in clofe to the Town. This Day Brigadier L(iurencey42i%fli^htly wounded by a piece of a Shell tliat burft at lome Dillance from him. 10. The Volunteers for the Company of Miners v;ere lent on Shore from all the Ships to the Captain of the Party, about 200 in Number, who were jncamped by themfelves. As the Befiegers every Day and Night continued to advance with their Works, the Garri/on kept a briflt, conftant cannonading, and threw Teveral Shells. It is remarkable, that they dilcharged great Quantities of old Iron of feveral Kinds, (fuch as Shovels, Tongs, and the like, befides a mod de- ftrudive Sort of fquare Iron-bars of about 5 or 6 Inches long, and about an Inch and a half fquare, leveral of them cafed in Mates of Tin,) which they call Mitraille., by way of Grape Shot— the Wounds they give are very difficult, if at all, to be cured, from their being made with fuch angular, ragged Weapons, This Night our People obferved ^ great Fire in the Woods in fight of Louijbourg, which they rightly e/" LOUISBOURG 37 re, itJy Tightly conjectured to be a Signal to iIjc Garrilon ot Monl". HGiJhiheres Arrival, who, as we learned by the Report ot" Uefcrters, was expedtd about this time with a Party of ( anadians and Indians^ fonic to reinforce the Garriibn, and the reft to harrafs the Rear of our Camp, and to watch Opportunities of cutting off all fmall Parties of our Men, who miglu be accidentally detached to any diftant Parts. 'Ihis Chief is well known to the Colonies at and about /innapolis Royal iti Nova Scotia, for his own faith- Jefs Inhumanity, and for the mifchievous Adtivity and treacherous Cruelty of his lurking Parties. 1 1 . Some of his Party feized a Holdier who was July, driving a Waggon to the left Wing of the Camp-, from whom they extorted all the Intelligence he was able to give, by the Menaces of a fpeedy Exe- cution if he did not, or reported any thing they Ihould difcover to be falfe. 12. However, by what Means is not very cer- tain, he contrived to make his Efcape, and after being fome time purfued undifcovered, returned to the Camp, and reported that the Party faid they were about 50 near the Place he was brought to, and to the Number of '^oo farther in the Wood — and that they had with them a great many Head of Cattle.-^ 13. Our working Parties continued very indefa- tigable upon the Trenches; as did 14. The Befieged in doing all that a briflc Can- nonading could do, to force them from the At- tempt, or at leaft to leffon their Numbers, in order to delay their Succefs. The Batteries of the Be- fiegers were traced out laft Night. 1 5. Jn the Night the mifchievous Frigate V Are- thuje taking the advantage of a dark Night and a thick Fog, got out of the Harbour, but not un- F perceived > 1! 1.1 '\ 1 \ 4 3« l^he Rcdu6'iion ' w\ FllH't perceived by the Ltght-houje Party, who made* Signals with Rockets to Sir Charles Hardy^s Squa- dron v feveral of whom chafed her, but at a great Diltancc, till they loft Sight of her in a Fog impe- netrable to human Eyes, and extended on this Coaft for many a Score Leagues. Two or three of the Defer ters from our Camp were fent to France m this FrigateV-another had his Head ihot off while he was very adtive on Duty in the Townw July. i6. Ab9Ut 7 o'clock this Evening,^ Brigadier fVoIfe made himfelf Matter of a Poft occupied by the Enemy^s Picquets within about 400 Yards of the IVefi Gate, where about 100 of their Volunteers had fecured themfel/es behind fome fmall Braaji- worh of Sand- Bags — He advanced towaros this Poft with only 8 or 10 Men, leaving Orders for a fuftaining Party to follow him frcrn the Green-bill, Upon his approaching the ILnemy, they fired fomc few Mufliets at him -, when he difpatched anOfHcer to ^Iie adjacent Redan, with Orders for an Officer and 20 of the Light Infantry to crofs the Barrafoy Bridge immediately, fupported by 20 Grenadiers. They advanced with all Expeditiort one after ano- ther, at about 2 Yards diftance from each other^ and on the Bridge received three Fires from the Enemy's Breaft-worksy without any Lofs. On the Ligkt Infantry*^ advancing farther without firing, their Pieces, the Enemy's Party retired with much Precipitation towards the Welt-Gate, firing fome random Shot in their Flight, and were purfued, without the Lofs of a Man, in the midft of a warm Fire of grape and round Shot both from the ^own and Ships, and from the fmall Arms of the Rampart and Covert-way. At this Poft the Briga- dier made a good Lodgment. The Fire from the Befieged was continued brifkly during the whole Nighc if r )Lne ledy )f a the the ga- the ole of LoUISBOiJRG. 39 Ni'ght after, with fcveral Sliclls thrown at Intervals into the new Poll we had gaint^d ; which was rein- forced with 5 Companies of Grenadiers and lOo Highlanders under the Corrtmand of Lieutenant- Col. Hall. This Night the Ixft of the Liues of Jpprcach was opened by the very fame Grenadiers, and the Remainder of their Company, with the Lofs only of 4 or 5 Men, and 7 or 8 wounded. I'he Honourable Capt. Edgcumbe with 6 or 7 Ships replaced Sir Charles Hardf% Squadron on the Station off the Harbour's Mouth. 17. The Parallel was [extended from the Right y^/^. to the Left with little Lofs, in the Face ot a vcry^ hot Fire from the Befieged. A Deferter fron Boijhihre^s Party came in, and faid, they had hanged 3 or 4 Seamen whom they liad taken on the 5th belonging to the Tranfports. ThiG Evening Sir Charles Hardy^ with fome of his Squadron, returned to his Station — the Frigate was lucky enoujP^h to make her Efcape — 1 8. There was a conftant briik Fire of Mulketry from the Covert-way^ made by the Befieged all lall Night and this whole Day, upon our Parties on the Lines^ who fufftred very little from it. I'he Garri- fon diredled feveral of their Shells both in the Day and Night towards our Laboratories and Maga- zines in the Grand Camp — TheDiredion was given by the Information of a Deferier from us. . More of the Tranfports Men were taken off by the Vigilance of fome lurking Indians near the Shore in Gahreufe Bay — One Warning >"^as not enough for them. — 19. The Lines from the right and left Wing were joined by the Befiegers— and our Batteries from the Left were opened and began to play with F 2 Succefs I i;'>. '% 40 Tbe Redu^ion Succefs upon the Baftion Dauphine at the Well Gate, notwithftanding the brilk and conftant Can- nonading from the Garrijon *, from which our Peo- ple fuffered much lefs than might have been ex- pected. July. 20. The Operations of the former Day were fuc- cefsfully continued — In the Evening a Body of about 400 Seamen were fent on Shore, and eredled by the next Morning a very ftrong Battery of 5 pieces of Cannon to the Riehr, without the Lofs of a Man. The Seamen were under the Diredlion of an Engi- neer, and commanded by a Captain of one of our Frigates^ who were all to take their Turns at this Du- ty, as the Jenior Captains had done at that of land- ing the Artillery and Stores, with the Lieutenants of the Fleet in Rotation upon both thefe Services. 2 1 . The Operations of this Day were much the fame with thofe of the two former ones — About 2 in the Afternoon, by a Shell from the Light-houfe Battery, as the moft credible Prifoners declare, Le Celehre of 64 Guns in the Harbour was fet on Fire, and after her Allowance of Powder on board for the Bay ble v up part of her Deck with a very loud Explofion, flie burned with great Violence. As thii. Ship was burning, the Fire communicated it- felf to U Entreprennant of 74 Guns, and from her fpread itfeif to Le Capricieux of 64 Guns — There was no Explofion from the two latter Ships, as the Men as been very brilk in throwing their Powder over- board, before the Flames could fpread them- felves fo far. — This mull not be underllood of the J^antity of Powder thefe Ships arrived with, as complete for Service — That they had taken out at the Beginning of the Siege^ and lodged on board a Store Jhip not far from the Town, as a Precaution againft the more dreadful C©nfcquence of an acci- dental of LoUISBOURG. 41 dental ^hell from any of our Batteries falling into their Magazines: And every Night they carried on board each of the Ships the Scantily they judged would htfufficient for the Service of the following Bay — This is what was above called their Allow- ance of Powder jor the Day. As foon as the Fire reached their Guns that were loaded , fome with round, fome with grape Shot^ they difcharged them- felves indifcriminately on Friend and Foe^ fome to- wards the ^own and the Battery of the Befiegers, and others on their own Ships and Boats, Their Men with much Difficulty efcaped on Shore in their Boats, through a brifk Fire from our Batteries added to the accidental Difcharges of their own Ships Guns. The three Ships made a prodigious Blaze for the whole Night, and after burning down to the Water's Edge, quite loofed from their Moorings, they were by the Tide driven on Shore upon the Mud at the Barrafey End of the Har- bour, with all their Iron and Guns tumbled one iipon another in their Holds, which 47 will be faved by our People. Le Prudent of 74 Guns, and Le Bienfaifnnt of 64, feeing this ca[ual Burning of the greater part of :heir Squadron, warped off as faft as poffible to- wards the other End of the Harbour, to be out of *'m. Reach of the Flames from the other Ships; 'Fo tune referving their Fate fomt few Days longer. 7.2. About Sun-rife the Befiegers opened two julj, other Batteries on the Right with thirteen 24 pound- ers, and another of 7 Mortars^ to throw Shells into the Covert-way and Ramparts, from whence the Befieged kept Night and Day a very hot Fire with their Mujketry, and they were not lefs adlive with their Cannon and Mortars. Another Battery JiCLiTi the Lef^ which was not 500 Yards off, playea bxifkly '4 42 The Redu^hn jjy, brifkly, and with fo very vifible an EfFcft on the Fortifications, that the Befiegcrs had the encourag- ing Satisfaction to fee the Revetement^ with a great Quantity of Earth tunnbUng down after the firing of moR of their Shot. There were three other Batteries from the North- fide of the Barrafoy Bridge, one of 4, one of 5, and a third of 7 Pieces of Cannon ^ befides 2 large Mortars, kept conilantly playing on the Weft Gate and its Cavalier, where fome Guns were difmount- cd \ and at Intervals they were direded to the two remaining Ships in the Harbour, with exceeding good Eflftdl every Way — The Officers of the Be- fieged have fii \; more than once declared, that they never faw a. Ttillcry better ferved than at this Siege — That tliL*e was hardly one of our Sbot^ that did not perform fome Execution, and many of them from their judicious Direftion did them as much Damage as was polTible for any fingle Shot to do. A Battery was begun on the Lett for 4 twenty- four pounders. Every Night fince the near Approach to the Walls, there was a Party of our Light Infantry kept without the Lines near the Bottom of the Gla- cis^ to prevent our working Parties on the Trenches and Batteries from being furprized by any fudden Sally of the Befieged. The Batteries on the Right of the l>ines played upon the Citadel Eaftion with fuch EfFed:, that a Breach was very foon expeded there. Several of our Mortars were ferved with very great Succefs ■ — The Town was fet on Fire feveral times by Shells thrown from the Right — fome of the very firft lighted mod of the Citadel Buildings and the new Barracks into a prodigious Blaze, — Our Men were i)Ot a little rejoiced when they faw the Church Stee- m If n : lis ft Ire \le ! Cf LoUISBOURG. 43 pie and Spire knocked down, as they had heard, that the Bcfieged conftantly kept an Officer up there, to obferve the Motions and Advances of the Befiegers from time to time. This Night the Seamen were employed in credl- ing more advantageous, more advanced 5fl//^nVj ; which they did with great Spirit, and equal Sue- Gels. 23. A brifk Cannonading was continued from Ju/j. all our Trenches with good Execution upon feveral Parts of the Fortification, befides that of the Co- horns, and of the French Mortars for throwing of Stones — akid our Shells fet the Town on Fire in fereral Places. 24. The Cannonading from our Trenches was continued with great Spirit and little Lofs — and our Shells fet the Town on Fire in feveral Places. Another Battery was opened this Day to the Right of our Lines, to flank the Citadel Baftion — We have lince learned, that feveral of the Guns ©n the Ramparts were about this time wounded ^ and feveral difmounted— and that three of the Mortan in the Garrifon were rendered ufelefs by a fingU Shot from one of our Batteries. T'his Day the Fire from the Befieged flackened connderably v/hile ours increafed with our additional Works and vifible Succefs. Some Deferters that came in to our Trenches this Day reported, that the Inhabitants of the Town were fo much harrafTed' and diftreffed by our Shoe and Shells, that they on their Knees intreated the Governor to capitulate — but, to no manner of Pur- pofe. Whatever Strcls might be retted on this Report, moft of our Men improved it to their own Advantage, that of keeping up their brave Spirits, with the very probable Profped of the fpeedy I Hl'4 44 9J LouisBouRo. fpeedy Reduction of a Place, that had given theni io much Fatigue, and promifed them ib much Reputation. This Day the Fire of owt fmall Arms into the Embrazurcs of the Ramparts^ drove the Enemy from their Guns. ^ulj. 25. The Befiegers were indefatigable in exerting their Efforts from the Trenches againft the Fortifi- cations, which had an exceeding good Eflfeft. The Citadel Baftion^ and many of their Embrazures were very confiderably damaged — and a hrgQ Breach was made in the Baltion Dauphine at the ^eft Gate — which had encouraged tliem to bring their Scaling Ladders into the Trenches, that they might be ready for the very firft favourable Opportunity of an Efculade, if that Extremity fhould not be prevented by the fpeedy Surrender of the Garrifon upon the formal Summons of the General. / About Noon, by the Admiral's Order, two Boats, a Barge and Pinnace or Cutter from every Ship, of the Fleet, except the Northumberland, an Invalid, manned only with their proper Crews, and armed with Mufquets and Bayonets, Cutlaffes, Piftols, and Pole- Axes, each Boat under the Diredion of a Lieutenant and Mate or Midjhipman, rcndezvoufed at the Admirar% Ship : From thence they were detached by two's and three's at a time to join thofe of Sir Charles Hardy\ Squadron off the Mouth of the Harbour. There they were in the Evening ranged in two Divifions under the Command of the two Senior Mafters and Commanders in the Fleet, the Captains Laforey and Balfour. - In this Order they put off from Sir Charleses Squadron about 12 o'Clock, and by the Advan- tage of the foggy Darknefs of the Night, and the inviolable Siknce of their People, paddled into the Harbour of Louisbourg^ unperccived either by the of LOUISBOURG* the IJlani, Battery they were obliged to come j^^ 2: very near to, or by the two Men of IVar that rode at Anchor at no great Diftance from them. 7'here was no great ProbabiHty of their being perceived from any Part of the Garrifotiy not only on Account of their greater Diftance, but alfo of the preconcerted brilk Diver/ion made upon them from all our Batteries about that time. Be- fides, the Befieged themfelves left no body an Opportunity to hear any Noife : For, from hav- ing in the Day time obferved the numerous Scal- ing-ladders that were brought into our Trenches, they were under fome Apprehenfions of an E/ca- lade intended as this Night, and kept a conftant Fire with their Mufketry from the Ramparts during the whole time ; with the Defign, if pof- fible, to deter the Befiegers from that Attempt, by (hewing them how well they were upon their Guard in ali the Places it could probably be made. During this feeming Security and prudent Pre- caution on both Sides, the bold Stratagem of the Boats for furprizing the two remaining Ships in the Enemy's Harbour, every Moment ripened for the Execution. After pufhing in as far almoft as the Grand Battery left the Ships (hould be too foon alarmed by their Oars, they took a Sweep from thence towards the Part of the Harbour, where the Gentlemen knew the Ships were, who had before very well reconnoitred it — and prefent- ly difcovered them. Each Divifion of the Boats was no fooner within Sight and Hail of the noble Objed of their Attempt, Capt. Laforey^s of Le Prudent^ and Capt. Balfour'* s of Le Bienfaifant^ than, while the Ccntinefs on board having hailed G . them n Mil m i\ ^ 46 "J?^^ RcdiiBion yuly.\\\itvc\ in vain, began to fire on them, each of the Commanders ordered his Boats to give way a',ong~fide their rcTpedlive Ship^ and to board them immediately with all the Expedition and gr. id Order they could oblerve. fh? Boats Crews no longer able to contain i .mfelves in Silence, after their Manner, gave loud Cheers as they v/ere pulling up along-Jide, and with the mod intrepid Activity, armed fome with Mufkets, Bayonets and Cutlaffes, others with Piftols, Cutlaffes and Pole-axes, followed their brave Leaders and boarded the Ships in an Inftant with great Spirit, on each Bow, Quarter and Gang- way — and after very little Refiftance from the terrified Crews, foon found themfelves in Poffeffion of two fine Ships of the Enemy, one of 74, and one of 64 Guns, with the Lofs of very few of the Seamen, and but one Mate, The Befieged were now fufiiciently alarmed on all Sides by the Noife of the Seamen at boarding, the Cheers leaving them no Room to doubt that , it was from Engltjh Seamen^ and the Direction of the confufed Sound of Voices and Firing after- wards foon leading them to fufpe<5l the real Fa(5l, an Attempt upon their Ships. The heroic, fuc- cefsful Adventurers were employed in fecuring their Prif oners in the Ships Holds, and concert- ing the mod effedual Methods for fecuring their Frizes out of the Reach of the enraged Enemy ; when both the Ships and Boats received a moft furious Fire of Cannon, Mortars and Mufkets from all Parts that it could be directed to them, from the JJland Battery at no great Diftance^ from the Battery on Point Maurepas a little far- ther off and from all the Guns of the Garrifon •"'"• ^ that ach of f way board \ and ( of LOUISBOURG. 47 that eould be brought to bear on that Part of ih^jfulj. Harbour. After endeavouring in vain to tow off Le Pru- dent^ they found Ihe was on ground, with feveral Pcet Water in her Hold. There now remained nothing in their Power to do, to prevent her be- ing recovered by the Enemy, but to fct her on Fire — which they did with all polTible Expedi- tion, leaving along fide her a large Schooner^ and her own Boais^ for her People to efcape in to the Shore, which was at no great Diftance from her. On board of this Ship they found aDe/erter from our Camp, who was killed in the little Buftle at our People's taking Poffeflion of her, and by that IVkans refcued from the ignominious Exe- cution of milUary Jufiice, The Boats from Le Prudent now joined the others about Le Bienfaifant, and helped to tow her off triumphantly in the midfl of a formida- ble Fire from the mortified Enemy, which they did with great Speed by the Afiiftance of a little Breeze, and what ragged Sails, Yards and Rigg- ing fhe had left of any Service after the conllant Fire (he had fo long received from our Batteries. "When they had thus got her out of the Diftance and Diredion of the Enemy's Guns, they fccured her till the next Day by an Hawfer in the N. E. Harbour, and enjoyed on board her the firft joyful Moment's Leifure of fecurely congratu- lating each other on their Succefs and Safety in this hazardous Enterprize. The taking of thefe two Ships by our Fleet's Boats on this memorable Occafion, as it mud be a lafting, indelible Honour to the Vigilance and Adivity of thofe who projeded, and to the G 2 Bravery \ * 4? ^be ReduSiion Juh' Bravery and Conduct of thofe who executed, the bold DeBgn will alfo be a new^ and perhaps a feajonabU Convidlion to the whole World, that, however arduouSy however apparently-impractica- ble any purpofcd naval Attempt may be, the Englijb Seamen are not to be deterred from it by any Profpeit of Difficulty or Danger, but will exert themfelves as far as Men can do, and at lead deferve Succefs, when led on to it by fuch as are worthy to command them. Whether it may be ufeful^ is not fo certain as» that it i^jujl^ to obferve in this Place, that at the Time of this naval JJJault, their was neither Captain or Lieutenant on board either of thcfe Ships, but an Enfign only in each left with the Command: — That their Decks were llrewed about a Foot high with tobacco Leaves^ and large Pieces of Junk^ as a Precaution to leflbn the violent EfFeds of our /mailer Shells that might accidentally alight irt them : And, that all their Sides within, were nailed over with thick Nett- ings, to prevent fome cf the Mifchiefs from Splin- ters occafioned by Shot through their Sides. They had much greater Experience of the real Ufe of the latter Expedient, than of the former^ during the Courfe of this Siege : For, you have fcldom feen Ships more Ihattered with Shot-holes, efpe- cially on one fide, with their Mn^sftanding, than rhefe two were, at the time they fell into our PoiTefllon : Shells indeed none of the Ships received many of; and what happened to hit them, were none of the largefl Sort, and but by Accident coukl have done them the Mifchiefs they fufFered. ?.6. Capt. ! ■ (1 ;■ lips hit by lefs h*^. of LoUISBOURG. 49 26. Capt. Laforey\ intrepid Condudl: in the7«6- heroic A Oh 4' -3 5 2 o I 52 I Total 4 \ Total 0/ /i'^ Navy. ■«^ Killed 1 Seamen Died of wounds Wounded Lieute- nants. • Mates or Midlh. 1 men' Total Total r Of the Transports. Kilied Males Men Wounded Mates i.ien 1 Total Total N. B, Boats of the Men of War and Tranfports fwamped and ftove, abodc 130. . What Forms you fee no ^ filled up^ are left for you to fupply, when there is fuller Intelligence. Thofe you iee already filled up^ you may depend on, as far as can be done on the Accuracy of ^ranfcribers. H^ A ffl: m i 56 The Redu5iion A Return of the Killed and Wounded of the Fleet, ftn the 2^ih of July, in taking the Ships in the Harbour, Killed Total Mates or Midfh. Men Wounded Total Mates or I Men Midlh, 1 1- A Return of the Killed and Wounded of the troopi between the Bay cf Landings and the Surrender of Louifbourg. The Commir. Officers. Non-co. 1 Officer? 1 and •The Commif. Officers Non-co. Officers and 4-1 > 'C 3»5 Killed lotai to C '5 « to i) 4-* a u c c w 2 4-1 a; T c U 7 S 3 > 'k, O. 146 wound- ed. (A c 4-* 4 ui 4-» c 3 • 1-4 1,0 en go 3 01 4-J c •tr 4 15 T en a 2 2 8 Tptal 0/ //&^ Art'Uery. ;<:iiied Gunner Matrofles Wounded Corporal - Gunn. Matrof. Total I 3 Total I I 5 This Return was tranfcribed by myfelf from an au- thentic Copy at large, as w.*s alfo The O 0. s and :3 > Ut • w* a It cu 2 3»S Tatrof. S n au- Tbs of LOUISBOURG. gf ne State of the Garrifon of Louifbourg on the Day it was furrendered. Names of the Regiments^ and Num- bers of the Garrifon. i 24 Companies of Marines of the ufual Garrifon, and 2 Companies of the Jrtil/ery — Second Battal. of Volontaires Strangers D«> Cambife U" Artois D" Bour<^ogve 1 otai of the Garrifon Sea Officers and Seamen 7'otal Prifonersof War Offi cers. 76 38 38 32 3 Soldi- 'jrs fit for Duty. 74'- 402 466 407 393 Sick and woun- ded. Total ol tdch Reci- menf. 19.^ 86 104 2: 3' IOI7 526 608 14 214 '3? ^37-' 1 1 24 443 3 3> 2606 5 ^'37 t 3+9 349 Authentic Accounts make the Number of their Killed, 2400 at the Jeaft. ^be Artillery, Ammunition and warlike Stores found in the Garrifon and its Batteries. JMufeets with Accou- trements Barrels of Powder Mulket Cartridges Muflcet Balls in Tons \ 7600' 600 8000 '3 CAInNuN. French 36 Pounders, N^. Iron 38 Cafe Shot. For 24 pounders - Double headed Shot For 24 1 oundcrs 12 - No. 53 345 »f3 i ■• 24 - - - 97 I» - - - 33 12 - - - '9 8 - - - ID 6 - - .. 28 4 - - - 6 Total N-. 7.31 For saoT. 36 Pounders 24 - - - 12 - 6 - - - 1607 1658 4000 2^36 For GKAPIi-SaOl. 36 Pounders 24 - - - 12 - - - 6 - - - 139 134 33'-> 136 MURTAKS with beds, Brafs Inches 1 2| Diamr. 9 ■ "' - 6f - - - Inches i2v Diameter u - g - - . 3 I 3 Iron 6 4 I I otai N". 18 SiriELLS. Inches 13 Diameter 10 - 8 - : 6 - - W.uil N\ 805 38 158 27 1028 CULOUlxi) II ',!■■■ 5?^ The Redudiion An . i:co.iyit of the Ships in the Harbour of Louif^ bourg, '.chsn the Troops landed. Names ;«.'.» un Le Prudent L' Entrcprennant Lc Celebre LcCapr-cieux Lc Bienfaifant L' Apoll.n L" Fcho *L' Arethufe L... Fidelle Lc Lhevre Le Eiclie 74 74 64 64 64 44 32 56 What became of them. Taken by boats 25 th ^w/y, and after- wards burned. Burned by a Shell 21ft July. The fame Fate The fame Fate. Taken by Boats 25th Julj, and com- miffioned. Sunk in the Harbour. Taken by Sir C/&^;7«/^^r^r'sSquadron 1 8th June^ and commilTioned. Made her Efcape in a Fog 15 th July Sunk in the Harbour. Iiur;k in the Harbour. Sunk in the Harbour. N. u. tJeuaes 7 L^ian 32 i akcii by Sir Charles Hardy' ^ Squa dron 25th Jprily and fold for the Benefit of the Captori. As you expedt me to give you fome Account of the Piace^ as well as of the Siege •, the following ii the btft in my Power to fend you in this Huiry. The Town of Louifbourg LI E S on the S. W. fide of its Harbour, and confifts of feveral narrow, paltry, (linking Lanes they call Streets. There is hardly a tole- rable Houje in it, belides thofe of the Governor and Intendant^ that are built of Stone and Brick with- out any Elegance. The beft of all its Build- ings arc, the Hofpital^ Nunnery^ and the Maga- zin6S.~-\t% fine Barracks built by the £«^//^ during the lall War, were all burned down by the Shells thrown into c hem during the Siege. Few of the other Houils, which were much damaged by the Shot of the Befiegers, are more than a better Sort L.£ hoarded Cottages a Story high •, in which one couki not help obferving many Marks of ihcfloeuny ■ } - Beggary 1S> le- Ind th- lld^ ra- the the )rt >ne [wy jry of LOUISBOURG. J9 Seggary of their late Inhabitants— —to fay nothing of the Dirt znd Slovenlinejs oix\\^tnaftyfine People whom the Englijh ape with fo much Fondncfs, and lb little Tafte. • ' '-' The Fortijicatiom Are as regular as the Situation would admit. Befides a good Rampart, with irregular Bajtions and a Cavalier on one of them, it has a good dry Ditch, except towards the Baftion Dauphine^ where there is Water. The Revetement of the Walls is not capable of (landing any long Battering, for Want of a good Cement \ which is not to be made with Sea-Jand, and a fcanty Allowance of Lime, The Covert-way and its Traverfcs are pretty good, and the Glacis excellent; Before two of the C'«r- 4ains there is a Ravelin with a Bridge to the Sally- ports, But, after all, the Thicknefs of its Walls, and the impaflablv'; Morajjes from the Foot oi Glacis to a confiderable diftanre, are what roii' tute the Strength of the Place more than the Regu- larity of its Works, or all the Pieces of Cannon that can be mounted on its Ramparts. The Siege Of this Place had nothing more remarkuble in it, than the following Circumftances — The Englijh Forces landed in a Place, where it was but barely poffible, tho' hardly credible without fuch a fuccelsfiii Convidion, for an Handful of Men, at the Time defencelefs and expofed^ to fucceed in the Face of Numbers, fo advantageoully fuuated, and fo im- pregnably /(!?r/z/^i. The ftridl Union, conftant Harmony, and mutual good Inclination that fub- fifted between the Fleet and Army in this Expedi- tion, were inforced both by the Orders and Exam- ples of the Commanders in Chief, and pundually obferved by all their fubordinate Officers. As this good Underftanding contributed fo much to their mutual IHII do 7he RcduSiion mi mutual Happinefs^ as well us to the Succefs of their united Efibrts, in this joint Enterpfize, it will always be remembered to their Honour^ as almoft the only Inftance ot fuch Unanimity for a long Time between a Fleet and an Army fent to adl in Con- jundtion, upon Service ot whatever Importance to the Public. The well projeded Defign no lefs happily executed of furprizing and feizing in their very ftrong Harbour tivo capital Ships of the French^ by the Secrecy, Suddennefs and Vigour of the Coup de Main of the Boats of the Englijh Fleet ; which will defervediy make a memorable Article in the Annals of Europe for the Year 1758. And, the very inconfideral^ie Number of Men the Siege of Louijhourg coft t!ic Englijh ; which Y^^ much fliort of what mighr reafonably have been expected in the fingle Attempt of Landings where the French had fuch fortified Lines, manned with fuch powerful Numbers. The Conquefl of Louifbourg Is faid to be peculiarly remarkable for this one Obfervation — That the Humanity and Generofity of our Commanders in C/^/V/ towards its Garrifon and Inhabitants^ had more the Appearance of tranf- planting an Englijh Colony, than the Behaviour of ciifpoflefling a French Settlement : And you would have believed the Indulgences granted to all of them, to have been fhewn toward Friends, had you not been alTured they were conferred upon Prifoners. V/herever Succefs and Victory may hereafter de- cide in Favour of any French Commanders ; it is to be hoped, they will always remember the generous Treatment all their People received from the Con- querors of Louijhourg. It is not to be doubted, that the whole World will admire the fuperior Greatncfs of the Englijh Commanders, in fo foon forgetting the barbarous Ufage of both their Officers and Men by the Ravagers ot Fort IViUiam- Henry. . FINIS,