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THE

HISTORY

OF THE

Wars of New-England with the Eastern

Indians,

OK A

NARRATIVE

Of their continued Perfidy and Cruelty,

From the 10th of August, 1703,

To the Peace renewed 13th of My, 1713.

And from the 25th of July, 1722,

To their Submission 15th December, 1725,

Which was ratified August 5th, 1726.

'^'^

By Samuel Penhallow, Esqr,

Nescio iu quibus es, Lector, lecturus oeellis,
Hoe scio, quod sicds, scribere non potui.

(timinnaii :

Re-printed from the Boston Edition of 1726, with a Memoir and ^otes, for W. Dodge

by J. Harpel. corner Third & Vine Sts.

1859.

MEMOIR

Hon. SAMUEL PEI^HALLOW,

One of the Counsellors of the Province of JV^mv- Hampshire, and
author of a Narrative of Indian Wars, &c.

BY NATHANIEL ADAMS.

To trace the principal events in the lives of eminent men of
former times, is always desirable, but frequently attended with
difficulty. Their cotemporaries have not always been careful
to record those deeds, which have led them to eminence; nor
has tradition in every instance been faithful to hand them down
to posterity undiminished. Time, the great devourer of all
things, preys upon the evidence designed to perpetuate virtuous
actions with unabated appetite ; and the destroying flames
sometimes consume those evidences which have escaped the
ravages of time. These misfortunes have attended the author
of the narrative of the Indian wars. His descendants, some of
whom now fill important offices in the State, have been able to
preserve but few anecdotes respecting him ; and a diary which
he kept for many years, in which he had noted some of the
most remarkable incidents of his life, as well as the passing
events of the day, was destroyed by the fire, which laid waste
a considerable part of the town of Portsmouth, in December,
1805. A short extract from this diary has been preserved in
the collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society.

Samuel Penhallow was born at St. Malion, in the county of

Cornwall, in England, the second dav of Julv, 1665. His

1 (3)

■. I

i^rnioiv-

ancestors had i^osscssccl a Inndod estate in that county. His
father was attached to tlie dissenting interest, and was intimate
with the Rev. Charles Morton, rector of the parish of Blislnnd in
the same county. Morton became obnoxious to the ruling party,
and was silenced for non-conformity to the rites and ceremonies
of the established church. He removed to Newington-(j}reen,
near London, where he opened a school for the instruction of
youth, in the various branches of literature. His school soon
became famous, and numbers resorted to it for education. In
1683, Penhallow being then about eighteen years of age, was
placed under his care. He pursued his studies with diligence,
and made such progress as not only to gain the approbation of
his instructor, but to attract the attention of other gentlemen of
science. He continued with Mr. Morton about three years, and
until his school was broken up. The bishops and ecclesiastical
authority of the Church did not choose that dissenters and
puritans should be employed to superintend the education of
the rising generation ; and prohibited Mr. Morton from pursuing
that employment. Mr. Morton then determined to take refuge
in New-England, where he could enjoy that liberty of conscience,
which was denied him in his native land. He had an
aifectionate attachment to his pupils, and requested some of
them to accompany him. The subject of this memoir was one
that was selected on this occasion, to whom Mr. Morton promised
his favour and assistance. Penhallow with the consent of his
parents accepted the proposals ; they embarked for this country
and arrived here in July, 1686. Before they left England, the
society for propagating the gospel among the Indians, oifered
Penhallow twenty pounds sterling a year for three years, if he
would make himself acquainted with the Indian language ; and
sixt;y pounds a year, afterwards during life, if he devoted
himself to the ministry, and preached to them "at times." Soon

i^rmoir.

after their nrrival here, Mr. Morton had an invitation to take

charge of the church at Chariest own, which he acce])te(l. How

h)ng Penhallow continued with him is uncertain. He probably

pursued his studies for sometime, according to his original design

of qualifying himself for the ministry; whilst he resided at

Charlestown ho was admitted a member of the church under Mr.

Morton's pastoral care. But the political troubles, which took

place in Massachusetts about this time, discouraged him from

entering into the ministry, and he removed to Portsmouth ; at

what precise time doth not appear. Soon after his settlement

here, he married Mary Cutt, a daughter of President Cutt. She

inherited from her father, a Aaluable patrimony, part of which

consisted of a tract of land, on which a Inrge |)ortion of the town

of Portsmouth is built. ]Mr. Penhallow engaged in trade, and

with the property he had reccixed by his wife, accumulated a

great estate. He erected the brick house which stood at the

head of the pier ; where he li^ed in a style superior to most of

his follow townsmen of that day. He was given to hospitality.

His house was open to every stranger of distinction who visited

the town; and the poor found in him, at all times, a friend

ready to relieve their distress. His influence in the town was

great, and he took in active part in the management of their

aftaii's. He was e d-ly appointed a magistrate, and in the

execution of that office, he w\is prom])t, decisive and firm ; and

literally "a terror to e\il doers." So great was his abhorrence

of vice, that he proceeded with great scAxrity towards those who

wore arraigned T)efore him, especially when he discovered any

sym]»toms of guilt. He received a mandamus as one of his

Majesty's Council, and took his seat at the board. For some

years after his appointment, the business of the Council was

conducted Avitli harmony, or at least without any personal

altercation. When Lt. GoA'ernor Vaughan took his seat, he
1*

i*lrmoir.

assumed nioro jiowor tlum many tlioiiQ;lit Lf^lonffod to liim.
Disputes took plnce betwe<'ii liini niul Governor iShule on tlx^
sul)jeet. rcMiliallow waniily ospous(Ml the cnuse of the (loveriior
and oi)|)ose(l Yaur^h.-ui's pretentions. V.-iuglj.in lii.i;hly resented
Penhjdlow's conduct, and suspended him from the council,
(irovernor Shute luisteucd to Portsmoutli as soon as lie heard
of those transa<*tions, re-instated Peidiallow and sus])endod
Vaughan. Matters were soon restored to their former peaceable
state, and business was trnnsacted with its usual ease and
dec(>rum. In the C(auicil, Mr. ]*enhallow was an activo and
influential member, and as senior counsellor, he presided with
dignity and impartiality.

The Recorder of deeds was appointed by the house
of Representatives, and Mr. Penh allow had received that
api)ointment. The records and files which had been taken from
('hamberlaine, were dei)osited in the Recorder's office, subject
to the orders of the General Court. Whilst Lt. Gov. Usher
was in office, he was desirous of having the control of those
j)apers, because he expected to find among them the papers
relating to Mason's suits, which had been carefully kept from
him. He procured an order from the Lords of Trade and
Plantations, who had the direction of all provincial afl'airs, that
they should be placed in the secretary's office. Application was
made for them to Mr. Penhallow, but he absolutely refused to
deliver them unless he was authorized to do it by an act of the
General Court. Neither the threats nor the entreaties of the
Lt. Governor had any influence upon him. This refusal shews
the great firmness of his mind, and that he was not to bo over-
awed by persons of higlier grade in office, when their commands
were in o])position to what he thought his duty.

In 1714, Mr. Penhallow was aj)])ointed a Justice of the Su-
perior Court of •hulicalure; an«] in 1717. Cliiof .Tuj^tico of the

Ittrmoiv.

snmo Court, Avliicli office lio licld until his deatli. A ntrousr
miiul, improved ])y education, added to his long acf|uaintan<-o
with })ublic business, enabled him to discharge the duties of the
(»ffiee with as much credit to himselt; and benetit to the ]ml»lic,
as could be expected from anyone not bred to tlu; ])rofession of
the law.

Mr. Penhallow likewise lield the office of Treasurer of the
Province for several years ; his last account is dated the 9th of
November, 1726, and signed by him, but was settled by his Ex-
ecutor with a committee of the General Court after his decease.
He transferred his connexion from the Church in Cliarlestown
to that in Portsmouth, in 1717. In his last Avill he gave a legacy
to the poor of the church, of which he was a member, and an.
other to the Rev. Mr. Fitch, his pastor.

Judge Penhallow filled many of the most important offices in
the government, and discharged the duties attached to them
with great integrity. His firmness and pcrseverence were es-
sential (jualities in a person concerned in the administration of
government, in the turbulent times in which he lived, and the
publick reaped the benefit of them. His attachment to the
country increased with his residence in it, and he used his con-
stant endeavours to promote its best interests.

He died at Portsmouth the second day of Dec. 1726, np;ed
sixty-one years and five months.

' I

THE

OF THE

Wars of New-England with the Eastern Indians,

OR A

NARRATI VE

Of their continued Perfidy and Cruelty,

from the 10th of August, 1703,

To the Peace renewed 13th oUuly, 1713.

And from the 26th oi' July, 1722,

To their Submission, 15th December, 1726,

Which was ratified August 6th, 1726.

Neacio tn tfuibus es, Lector, lecturua oeellU,
Hoc seio, quod siceia, scribere non potul

BOSTON:
Printed by T. Fleet, for 8. GerrlHh at the lower end of Corahlll «nd D H.n.hn,
over ag.l«t the Brick Meetlug-Houae ,„ S;;i!lll: mo

The Preface.

JT is one part of our honor and happiness in this country,
among the many difficulties and troubles which have attended
the settlements and growth of it unto this day, that there have
not been wanting from time to time, honest and worthy persons,
and some learned, who have delivered down to i)osterity a plain
and true account of the wars which we have had with the
Indian natives in one part of the land and in another.

We owe much to those who have done us this service from
the beginning, and they have herein served God, as well as
obliged the world. For it always has been, and ever is like to
be a grateful thing to mankind, to be informed of the rise and
growth of provinces, and of the sufferings of their feeble infant
state. From the days of Moses, who wrote the first history,
the beginning of the world, and of Israel, the wise and pious
among men have scarcely known a more sacred pleasure, nor
found a more profitable entertainment, than in tracing the
footsteps and windings of Divine Providence, in the planting of
colonies and churches, here and there, tlirough the earth.

Nor let it seem vain in me to say, that in the settlement of
the I^ew-England churches and provinces, there have been
some circumstances so like unto those of Israel of old, (after
their entrance into Canaan,) that I am ])ersuaded no people of

(9)

i^rrfacc.

God under heaven can sing of his mercies and judgments in
the inspired phrase* with more direct and pertinent application,
than we can do. The subject of the following book affords the
most special instance hereof; namely, that although our merciful
and gracious God did in a wonderful manner, cast out the
heathen before our fathers, and planted them; prepared also
room before them, and caused them to take deep root and to fill
the land, so that the vine hath sent out her boughs unto the sea,
and her branches upon the river ; yet to humbly improve us,
and for our sins to punish us, the righteous God hath left a
sufficient number of the fierce and barbarous savages on our
borders, to be pricks in our ears, and thorns in our sides, and
tliev have been and are like the boar of the woods to waste us,
and the wild beast of the field to devour us.

Wherefore, on principles both humane and religious, I
gladly introduce the following memoirs to the public view", with
my heart}^ thanks to the honorable author for the great pains he
has taken (among other his public services) to transmit these
particulars of the two last wars with the Indian enemy down to
po>sterity, that the generation to come might know them, and
set their hope in God, and not forget his works, but keep his
commandments.

The Reader must not expect much entertainment or curiosty
in the story of a barbarous war with cruel and perfidious savages.
It is the benefit of posterity in a religious improvement of this
dry and bloody story, that we aim at, in preserving some
remembrance thereof. And that in times to come, when we are
dead and forgotten, materials may remain for a continued and
entire history of our country ; and we hope that they who come
after us will take the like care in their times for the children
that shall be born.

*70 and 80 rsnlniB, kikI purt of 106, IOC, and 107 Psalnii.

l^refacr.

Let it suffice, in praise of the narrative, if the facts related
be true and exact, and that the style be familiar, plain and easy,
as all historical memoirs should be written. As to the truth of
it, none (I suppose) will have any doubt, to whom the author
is known ; and to whom among us is he not known ? Or by
whom among the lovers of the country is he not esteemed for
his affectionate regard unto the civil and religious liberties of it ?

The Rev. Dr. Mather wrote the Bemarkables of the Eastern
war before this, from the year 1688 unto the year 1698, ten
years, wherefore he called his book Decennium Liictuosum. This
book may claim the like title, for the first war here related, from
August 10, 1703, to the 13th July, 1713, did also continue just
ten vears.

To these ten vears of trouble and distress, the author has
added an account of another but shorter war of three years,
from July 25, 1722, to December 15, 1725, when the savages by
their delegates renewed their submission, and signed articles
of peace in the Council Chamber in Boston; for the lasting
effects whereof we are humbly waiting on a gracious God with
our earnest prayers. And we owe abundant praises to his holy
name for the great successes, with which he has been pleased
to crown the councils and arms of the province in this last short
war ; to the humbling the insolent enemy and bringing them so
soon to sue for the peace which they had broken. Not unto us,
Lord! not to us, but to thy name give glory; for thy mercy
and for thy truth sake !

In a special manner, the wonderful \ ictory obtained August
12, 1724, over the l)old and bloody tribes at Norridgewnlk, aii<l
their sudden destruction that memorable day, was the shigular
work of God ; — And the officers and soldiers piously put far
from themselves the honor of it. The plain hand of providence.
and not their own conduct, facilitated and (|uickeiie(l their

iiiil I

ipvrfarf.

march. God sent them timely information where the Indians
had placed their guards upon the river, that they might shun
them, and so come upon the town undiscovered. God brought
them on it in a right time, when the fighting men were just
come in from abroad, and the next day (we are told) they were
to have come down on our frontiers. They were surprized in
the height of security, and so amazed that they could not find
their hands when they would have escaped. This destruction
of the enemy was with the loss of only one life, and two wounded
on our part. And he, who was the father of the war, the
ghostly father of those perfidious savages, like Balaam the son
of Beor, was slain among the enemy, after his vain endeavors
to curse us.

May those singular favours of God have their saving effects
on us ! and his goodness to us on the present fruits of peace,
which we are about to reap ; lead us to repentance, bind us to
obedience, raise us in Devotion, and endear his blessed name
and truths and ways to us. Amen.

BENJAMIN COLMAN.*
Boston, Jan. 28, 1725—6.

[■"Dr. Colman, one of the most eminent divincH of New Kn^Iand, and the minister of the church in Brattle-
street, from August 4, 1099, to his death August 20, 1747, was a native of Boston, and born 19th Oct. 1C73, and
iirndiiatcd at Hiirvard College, in 1692.]

Introduction.

The keeping a register of memorable occurrences, as it has
been the practice of former ages, so it ought to be continued for
the advantage of posterity. And inasmuch as the Divine
Providence has placed me near the seat of action, where I have
had greater opportunities than many others of remarking the
cruelty and perfidy of the Indian enemy, I thought it my duty
to keep a record thereof. Not that at first I designed to make
these memoirs public, but now am persuaded to it by some
whose judgment I pay a deference unto. In the collecting
them, I have used all faithfulness ; and have been assisted
therein, not only from the abstracts of original letters, but from
persons of the best credit and reputation, and yet doubtless
some small occurrences may have slipped my knowledge.

I might with Orosius very justly entitle this history, de
miseria hominum, being no other than a narr.ative of tragical
incursions perpetrated by bloody pagans, who are monsters of
such cruelty, that the words of Virgil may not unaptly be
applied to them.

Tristius baud illis monstrum, nee Ssevior ulla pestis et ira Deum.

Who are as implacable in their revenge, as they are terrible
in the execution of it; and will convey it down to the third
and fourth generation. No courtesy will ever oblige them to
gratitude; for their greatest benefactors have frequently fallen
as victims to their fury.

2 (13)

t •

.11 .

35 I

ii :

i !

i^ \

fntrotriiction*

The Roman spectacles of old, were very lively in them re-
peated. God has made them a, terrible scourge for the pun-
ishment of our sins. And probably that very sin of ours in
neglecting the welfare of their souls. For we have not expressed
the like laudable care for them, as hath been done in the south-
ern and western parts of the country. But indeed, we have
rather aimed to advance a private trade, than to instruct them
in the principles of true religion. This brings to my remem-
brance a remarkable saying of one of their chief sachems, whom
(a little before the war broke out) I asked, wherefore it was they
were so much bigotted to the French, considering their traffic
with them was not so advantageous as with the English ? He
gravely replied, " that the Friars taught them to pray, but the
English never did."

And it is also remarkably observable, that among all the set-
tlements and towns of figure and distinction, not one of them
have been utterly destroyed wherever a church was gathered.

But if the eastern parts have been remiss, this should no ways
detract from the praise of that incomparable zeal of the ven-
erable Mr. Eliot, and the indefatigable pains which the re-
nowned Mr. Mayhew and others, have exercised in the instruc-
tion and conversion of the natives in their parts : wherein they
were so far successful (through the blessing of God) as to form
many churches of baptized Indians ; and to gather many assem-
blies of catechumens, that profess the name of Christ; which
remain to this day the fruit and reward of their labors, will be-
speak their praise to future ages, and the thanksgiving of many
to God.

S. P.

THE HISTORY

07 THX

Wars of New-England, &c.

TT is storied of Tissaphernes, that so soon as he entered into
a league with Agesilaus, king of Sparta, he studied means
whereby to infringe and violate the same. Upon which Agesi-
laus sent his Ambassadors unto him to return him thanks, that
by so doing, he had made the Gods his enemies. Now consid-
ering the league that has been solenmized with the Indians, to-
gether with their cruelty and treachery so notoriously perpe-
trated, it is no wonder if in the sequel of this history, we find
them under some signal remark of the Divine displeasure.

Not that I am insensible that many have stigmatized the
English, as chiefly culpable in causing the first breach between
them, and us ; by invading their properties and defrauding them
in their dealings ; but to censure the public for the sinister ac-
tions of a few private persons, is utterly repugnant to reason
and equity. Especially, considering the great care that the
legislative power had taken to protect the natives ai-d their
interests.

What hath formerly occurred of this kind is none of my busi-
ness to descant upon here ; but as to the infraction which I am
about to make mention of, I never yet heard the least word in
their favour, but all sorts of persons do condemn their perfidy.

(15)

i3cni)aUoU)'!3 fntiiau fflJUars.

At the arriv al of Governor Dudley in the year 1702, the whole
body of Indians was in a tolerable good frame and temper ; but
being animated by the French, they soon began to threaten and
insult the English : upon which, in the succeeding year, June
the 20th, a congress was appointed at Casco, where the chiefs
of the several tribes met, viz : Mauxis and Hopehood, from Nor-
ridgewock,* Wanungunt, and Wanadugunbuent, from Penob-
scot, Wattanummon, Adiawando and Hegen, from Penacookf
and Pigwacket.

Mesambomett and Wexar, from Amasconty, with about 250
men in 65 canoes, well armed, and mostly painted with variety
of colours, which seemingly were affixble and kind, and yet in
some instances gave cause of jealousy.

A tent being fixed for entertaining the Governor and gentle-
men who accompanied him, together with the Sagamores ; his
Excellency very kindly saluted them, saying ; " That as he was
commissioned by the great and victorious Queen of England,
he came to visit them as his friends and brethren, and to recon-
cile whatever differences had happened since the last treaty."

At this, they made a pause, but after a short intermission,
Captain Simmo, who was their orator, arose, and said, " That
they acknowledged his favour in giving them a visit at such a
juncture, with so many of the Council and gentlemen of both
Provinces ; assuring him, that they aimed at nothing more than
peace ; and that as high as the sun was above the earth, so far
distant should their designs be of making the least breach be-
tween each other." And, as a testimony thereof, they presented
him a belt of wampum, and invited him to the two pillars of
stones, which at a former treaty were erected, and called by the
significent name of the Two Brothers ; unto which both parties
went and added a greater number of stones.

[*Naridgowalk, in the copy.

t Ponnecook, in the copy.]

)9mf)alIob^g Sntiian WiaxB.

charged

This ceremony being performed, several volleys were dis-
on each side; and the Indians added their usual
dancing, singing, and loud acclamations of joy. Trading-houses
in several places were hereupon engaged ; and that the price of
commodities should be stated, and an armorer fixed at the pub-
lic charge. Many presents were also made them, which they
kindly received ; so that every thing looked with a promising
aspect of a settled peace : And that which afterward seemed to
confirm it, was the coming in of Captain Bomazeen and Captain
Samuel, who informed, that several missionaries from the Friars
were lately come among them, who endeavored to break the
union, and seduce them from their allegiance to the Crown of
England ; but had made no impression on them, for that they
were as firm as the mountains, and should continue so, as long
as the sun and moon endured.

The eastern inhabitants, who before had thoughts of removing,
were now encouraged to stand their ground ; several more were
also preparing to settle among them, partly from the fertility of
the soil, the plenty of timber, the advantage of fishery, and sev-
eral other inducements. But I should have taken notice of two
instances in the late treaty, wherein the matchless perfidy of
these bloody infidels did notoriously appear. 1st. As the treaty
was concluded with volleys on both sides, as I said before, the
Indians desired the English to fire first, which they readily did,
concluding it no other but a compliment ; but so soon as the
Indians fired, it was observed that their guns were charged with
bullets; having contrived (as was afterwards confirmed) to
make the English the victims of that day. But Providence so
ordered it, as to place their chief Councillors and Sachems in
the tent where ours were seated, by which means they could not
destroy one without endangering the other ! 2d. As the Eng-
lish waited some days for Watanummon (the Pigwacket sachem)

Umljallobj's tnliian ffiHars.

to complete their Council, it was afterward discovered, that
they only tarried for a reinforcement of 200 French and Indi-
ans, who in three days after we returned, came among them ;
having resolved to seize the Governor, Council and gentlemen,
and then to sacrifice the inhabitants at pleasure ; which proba-
bly they might have done, had they not been prevented by an
overruling power.

But notwithstanding this disappointment, they were still re-
solved on their bloody design : for within six weeks after, the
whole eastern country was in a conflagration, no house standing
nor garrison unattaeked. August 10th,* at nine in the morning,
they began their bloody tragedy, being about five hundred In-
dians of all sorts, with a number of French ; who divided them-
selves into several companies, and made a descent on the sev-
eral inhabitants from Casco to Wells, at one and the same time,
sparing none of every age or sex.f ^

As the milk white brows of the grave and ancient had no re-
spect shown ; so neither had the mournful cries of tender infants
the least pity ; for they triumphed at their misery, and ap-
plauded such as the skilfullest artists, who were most dexterous
in contriving the greatest tortures ; which was enough to turn
the most stoical apathy into streams of mournful sympathy and
compassion.

The town of Wells, which valiently stood its ground both in
the former and latter war, sufi'ered now great spoil, nor could
escape without the loss of 39 that were killed and taken.

Cape PorpoiseJ being inhabited only by a few fishermen,
was wholly laid desolate. But the garrison at Winter-Harbor
defended itself with much bravery ; yet it was at last overpow-
ered by force, and then submitted on terms.

[•> In the year 1703.] ~

[t The Indiana took and killed 130 people. I Belknap, 2G4.]
[J Cape Porposa in copy.]

IJnifjallob^s Intrian fflfflars.

Saco-Fort was also attacked by the enemy with great fury ;
they killed eleven, and carried twenty-four captive.

Spurwink,* which was principally inhabited by the Jordon's,
had no less than twenty-two of that family killed and taken.

Those at Scarborough were mostly in garrison, whom the In-
dians not willing to encounter, sent a captive before with a flag
of truce ; but the officer being acquainted with their intrigues,
slighted the message, se(;ured the cajitiAo and nuule a vigorous
defence. However, by a long siege, they were so reduced, that
had not recruits been sent them, they had utterly been over-
thrown.

Perpooduckf was of all places (tor number) the greatest suf-
ferers, being but nine families, and no garrison to retire unto ;
neither any men at home, where they took eight, and inhu-
manly butchered twenty-five; among whom was the wife of
Michael Webber, who being big with child, they knocked her
on the head, and ript open her womb, cutting one part of the
child out ; a spectacle of horrid barbarity.

Casco,J which was the utmost frontier, commanded by Ma-
jor March, who was all this while insensible of the spoil that
the Indians had done, was saluted by Mauxis, Wanungonet, and
Assacombuit, three of their most ^'alient and puissant Sachems.
They gradually advanced with a flag of truce, and sent one be-
fore them, to signify that they had matter of moment to impart
to him. At first, he slighted the message, but on second
thoughts went out to meet them ; they seeming to him but few
in number, and unarmed: however he ordered two or three
sentinels to be ready in case of danger. Their voice to him at

[■^Spurwink is the settlement near Kichmond'a island in Maine. It waa the seat of Kohcrt Trelawney who
early came over, and bad a grant of nearly all the lands in Cape Elizabeth, and of the lauds on the neck of Casco,
and extending some way into the country.]

[f Perpooduck is the point directly opposite Portland. Greenleaft Eccl. Hist., p. 87.]

{% Casco waa what was anciently called Falmouth. SuUi'ran, p. 213.]

^JmfjaUoto's Inbian WLax^.

first seemed like the voice of Jacob, but their hands were like
the hands of Esau : With their tmffues they used deceit^ and the
poison of asps was vnder their lips. For no sooner had they sa-
luted him, but with hatchets under their mantles they violently
assaulted him ; having a number that lay in ambush near them,
who shot down one of his guards : but being a person of uncom-
mon strength, as well as courage, he soon wrested a hatchet
from one of them, with which he did good execution. Yet if
sergeant Hook (with a tile of ten from the fort) had not speedily
succoured him, they wi^>uld soon ha^'e overi)owered him. Mr.
Phippeny and Mr. Kent, who accompanied him, were attacked
by others, and soon fell by their fury ; for being advanced in
years, they were so infirm, that 1 might say of them as Juvenal
did of Priam, they had scarce blood enough left to tinge the
knife of the sacrifice.

The enemy being defeated in this their design, fell upon the
several cottages which lay round, and destroyed all they could.
But the Major on rallying his men together, seeing nothing but
fire and smoke, divided them into three parts, which were
twelve in each, and interchanged them every two hours, who
thus continued six days and nights without the least intermis-
sion ; by which time the whole body of Indians came together,
being upwards of five hundred, besides French commanded by
Monsieur Bobasser, who had ransacked and laid waste the sev-
eral settlements before mentioned ; and being flushed with suc-
cess, having taken one sloop, two shallops, and much plunder,
attempted to undermine the fort from the water side, in which
they proceeded two days and nights, and probably would have
effected their design, if they had not been prevented by the ar-
rival of Capt. Southack, who raised the siege, retook the shal-
lop, and shattered their navy, which was upwards of 200
canoes.

13rni)alloUj's {ntiian Wlais.

On TiK^stlay after,* Caj^t. Tom, with thirty Indlnns, made a
(h^sf-ent (»ii Uam))ton viUngo, whore they slow tour, besides the
widow AFiissoy, who was a remarkable s[)(^alviim- (Quaker, and
iiiueh hiriented by that sect. Thev also ritletl two houses near
the garrison, but tearing a ))ursuit, drew oft"; it being generally
observed, that they seldom annoy but by surprize.f

By this time, I'apt. Summersby was ordered with his troop
to Portsmouth, and Capt. Wadlcy to Wells, with the like com-
pany of Dragoons; many coneluding that the eastern parts
would V)e the seat of action; and vet a few davs after, advice
was brought from Deerfield, (as a forerunner of some greater
evil,) of two men taken and carried to Canada ; which so alarm'd
the eountrv, to see the frontiers insulted two hundred miles in
length, that on September 2(5th, the Governor ordered 3G0 men
to Pigwacket, one of their principal head-quarters ; but thro' the
difficulty of the passage, and unskilfulness of the guides, they
returned without any discovery.

Capt. Davis at the same time had the like misfortune, who
went to the ponds, but it seemed the enemy went eastward : For
on the 6th of October, Capt. Hunnuell with nineteen men, as
they w'ere going to work in their meadows at Black point,J
were way-laid by two hundred Indians, who at one str(jke killed
and took the whole body excepting one, who like Job's messen-
ger was preserved to give the melancholy account thereof.

Upon this they attacked the fort, where only eight men were
left under the command of Lieut. Wyatt, who by the encour-
agement of Capt, Willard, and Caj^t. Wells, that were there in
two sloops, stood their ground some time, but being afterwards

[• August 17, 1703.]

[fOn tho 8th October, 170:t, Zrbcdiah Williams and Jnhn Nims, wore taken prisnaejii at Deerfield, and car-
ried to Canada. Williams died thore ; Nims, with some others, uiadu his escape and returned to Deerfield in
1706. Vol. I of the N. H. Hid. Society n col]

[I Black point was one part of Scarborough, Me. Vol. 1 N. B. Hist. Soc. col.\

iPmftallotP^s fntiian «ars.

dispirited, they went on board Capt. Wells, and the enemy set
the deserted garrison on fire.

Another company of Indians commanded by Sampson fell on
York, where they slew Arthur Brandon's wife and five children,
carrying captive with them the widow Parsons and her daughter.

The former attempt on Pigwacket* proving unsuccessful.
Colonel March went a second time with the like number of men,
where he killed six Indians and took as many more with some
plunder, which was the first reprisal that we made ; but the
enemy dispersing into small parties, did much more mischief
than in larger ; which put the country into a far greater confu-
sion, insomuch that there was no safety to him that went out,
nor him that came in, but dreadful calamity on every side.f
Terror uhique tremor

At Berwick, they ambushed five, and as the store ship was
entering Casco, they entertained them so unexpectedly with a
volley of shot, that the Master with three more were slain, and
two in the boat wounded.

The general assembly being sensibly afi^ected with the state
of matters, and disposed to a vigorous prosecution of the war,
enacted, that forty pounds should be given for every Indian
scalp, which prompted some, and animated others, to a noble
emulation. Capt. Tyng was the first that embraced the tender,
who in the depth of winter, went to their head quarters, and got
five, for which he received two hundred pounds. Major Hilton
also with five companies more made the like essay, and so did
Capt. Stephens, but returned with no other laurel than the
safety of themselves and company. J

[•> Thta word is differontly spelt. Wlnthrop has it Pegwaggell ; SulUvan, Peckivnlket and Pickwocket ; Belknap,
PigwaokM. The true orthography Is said to be Peqwimkeli. Vol. 1 N. H. Hiat. Soc. col]

[t The BuccesB of Colonel March encouraged the government to oft'cr a bounty of .£40 for scalps. 1 Belknap, 266.]
[{ Capt. John Gihnan of Exeter, Capt. Cheslcy and Capt. Davis of Oyster river, marched with their companies
on snow shoes into the woods ; but returned without success. 1 Belknap, 2C6.]

|3rn!)aUoU)'s fmtiian Wiaxs.

The enemy went on daring and successful. They frequently
followed the tracks of our men in their marches : At Berwick,
they killed one, wounded another, and burnt two houses. After
that they made a descent on Andrew Neal's Grarrison, where
they were vigorously repulsed by Capt. Brown, who killeTl nine
on the spot and wounded many more, which so enraged those
wretches, that at their return they executed their revenge on
Joseph Ring, who was then a captive among them, whom they
fastened to a stake and burnt alive ; barbarously shouting and
rejoicing at his cries.

February 8th, Joseph Bradley's garrison of Haverhill was
unhappily surpriz'd by a small scout, who skulking at a dis-
tance, and seeing the gates open and none on the sentry, rushed
in and became masters thereof. The housewife perceiving the
misery that was attending her, and having boiling soap on the
iire, scalded one of them to death. The sentinel within was
slain, and she with several others were taken ; which was the
second time of her captivity. But that which heightened her
affliction was being with child, and yet obliged to travel in a
deep snow, under a heavy burden, and many days together
without subsistence, excepting a few liits of skin, ground-nuts,
bark of trees, wild onions, and lilly roots. Nevertheless she
was wonderfully supported, and at last safely delivered ; but the
babe soon perished for want of nourishment, and by the cruelty
of the Indians, who, as it cried, threw hot embers in its mouth.
After a year's bondage, she was sold to the French for eighty
livres, and then redeemed by her husband.

The use of snow-shoes appearing very requisite for marching
in the winter season, occasioned an act in both provinces for
supplying the frontiers therewith : And this season, which be-
fore was dreaded as most hazardous, was now the time of great-
est safety, and of less difficulty in travelling.

lPenlJa^oU)^6 fntiian Wiax^.

But the southern parts not thinking themselves in so much
danger did in a little time become secure, which the enemy
taking notice of, fell on Deerfield, of which the Rev. Mr. Stod-
dart gave me the following account. That Colonel Schuyler,
who was always a kind and faithful intelligencer, gave timely
warning thereof, which awakened some, but was slighted by
others : However, Mr. Williams, the worthy pastor of that place,
was strongly possessed that the town would in a little time be
destroyed ; signifying as much in his publick ministry, and pri-
vate conference ; and could not be satisfied till he had got twen-
ty soldiers to be posted there. A few nights before the assault
was, they were strangely amused, by a trampling noise round
the fort, as if it were beset by Indians. Towards morning, being
February 29th, the enemy sent scouts to discover the posture of
the town, who observing the watch walking in the streets, re-
turned and put them to a stand ; Awhile after they sent again
and were advised that all was then still and quiet : upon which,
two hours before day, they attacked the fort, and by the advan-
tage of some drifts of snow, got o^ er the walls. The whole body
was above two hundred and fifty, under the command of Mon-
sieur Arteil, who found the people fast asleep and easily secured
them. The most considerable part of the town thus fell into
their hands.

They left no garrison unattacked, excepting that of Capt.
Wells ; but at Benoni Stebbins's they met with some repulse,
and lost several. Sixty of the English fell, whereof many were
stifled in a cellar ; and a hundred were taken captive,* who
with a melancholy countenance condoled each other's misery,
yet durst not express the anguish of their souls. That day and
night were spent in plundering, burning and destroying. The

[* The names of those persons who were killed and taken captive at Deerfield at this time, are preserved in
KoT. Mr. William's Redecmtd CuiMve. Appendix.]

?Penf)allotD's fntiian WLaxs.

next morning they withdrew into the woods, carrying with them
their plunder and captives ; among whom was the Reverend
Mr. Williams,* (before mentioned)^ whose sufferings, with his
neighbors, through a deep snow, over mountainous desarts,
were exceeding great ; besides many trials and fears which they
labored under.

The country being alarmed, several hastened to their relief;
about thirty of those which first came, charged the enemy in
the rear, and being strengthened with a further supply, pursued
them with good success ; but the enemy returning, and being
much superior in number, killed nine of ours in the skirmish.

The day after, there was a considerable confluence from the
lower towns, as well as from the county of Hartford, but for
want of snow-shoes, were unable to pursue them. Some of our
captives then in Canada, knowing the enterprize that was on
foot, sent several letters unto their friends, which the enemy
did carefully put into a bag, and hung it upon the limb of a tree
in the high way ; which letters were afterwards found and gave
satisfaction of those that were then alive among them.

While the Indians by land were every way distressing of us,
the French by sea were as industrious to impoverish us,

April 7th, 1704, they fitted out a privateer shallop with
twenty seven men, to intercept our southern trade as they came
laden with provisions ; which if they had succeeded in, would
not only have supplied their own indigent forces, but the Indi-
ans also ; (who were then forming a desperate design against
us) but through the favor of ^od to us, they were cast away on
Plymouth shore. A like signal favour to us was the taking a

[ <> Rev. John Williams was son of Stephen Williams, Esq. of Roxbnry, \rher« he waa born Deo. 10, 1664 ;
gnduated at Harvard College, 1683 ; ordained the first minister in Deerlield, May, ItlSU ; captured by the Indians,
Teh. 29, 1704; returned from captivity and arrived at Boston, Nov. 21, 1706; died June 12, 1729. He published
• narrative of his captivity and sufferings entitled " The Redeemed Captive returning to Zion," which, in 1795,
had passed through six Editions. Fo(. 1 If. H.fHM. 8oe. eol]

^enf)alloto's fntiian WiaxB.

store-ship of theirs (by our Virginia fleet) of forty guns, bound
to Canada, in which were twenty officers, two thousand small
arms, with amunition answerable ; besides a vast number of cru-
cifixes, and presents of a greater value for encouraging the In-
dians in acts of hostility against the English. In the engage-
ment, their General was slain, the only man that fell in battle,
by whose interest those stores were procured ; which loss was
so affecting, that (as some of our captives afterwards reported)
it caused a deep humiliation throughout Canada a considerable
time after.

As the spring advanced, it was thought necessary to guard
the frontiers with fresh troops, upon which. Major Mason with
ninety five of the Pequod, and Mohegan Indians, were posted
at Berwick, who at first were very terrifying to the enemy : Yet
frequent assaults were afterwards made at a little distance, as
on April 25th, Nathaniel Meadar was shot while at work in his
field. They mangled his dead corpse after a barbarous manner.
Next day, they kill'd Edward Taylor near Lamprey-Eel River,
and after that took his wife and son, whom they carried to Can-
ada, and she was afterwards redeemed. From thence, they
went to Cochecho, expecting to have made Mr. Waldron the
victim of that day ; but being happily from home, they missed
their aim. However they surprized a servant of his, as she
went to the well for water, whom (after they had examined con-
cerning her master, the state of the garrison, and other affairs)
they knocked on the head, but the stroke not proving fatal, she
afterwards recovered.

After this, several were assaulted in the road to Wells,
whereof two were killed, one taken, and another made his es-
cape.

May 13th, an express came from North-Hampton, advising,
that about break of day, a company of French and Indians, fell

$enf)allob's hxtmn Wiax^.

«7

■ 1

on a fortified house, at Pascomuck,* where no watch being kept,
the people were alarmed in their beds, by the noise of the ene-
my's rushing on the house ; and before the inhabitants could
rise, the Indians had got their guns through the port-holes, and
shot those that first appeared, killing some and wounding oth-
ers. The surprized people made what resistance they could,
firing briskly on the enemy ; but the house being soon set on
fire, they were forced to yield themselves prisoners. The enemy
soon drew off, but fearing a pursuit, dismissed one of the
wounded, with this caution, that if the English followed them,
they would slay the prisoners ; but the unfortunate messenger
in returning back, was slain by another Indian. On the same
morning, another party attacked a farm house, two miles off;
but the fury of the dogs so alarmed the inhabitants, that they
instantly got up and fired several guns, to very good advantage,
which prevented any further attempt. As for those at Pasco-
muck, they were immediately pursued ; three made an escape,
eight were rescued, nineteen slain, and three carried to Canada.
Next day, Major Whiting pursued them with a number of
horses, and came upon their track, but the ways were so im-
passable, that they sent their horses back with a resolve to fol-
low them on foot, but some proving lame, and others tiring,
caused the rest to desist. I would here remark, that a little be-
fore the troubles at Pascomuck, and the farm-house before men-
tioned, the people at Springfield heard a great shooting ; unto
some it seemed to be at Westfield, to others at a village, and to
some again in the woods ; so that many hastened to their as-
sistance ; but when they came all was still and quiet, the reason
whereof is hard to assign, and yet we have repeated instances
in history of the like nature.
Under all those sufferings from a cruel enemy, little or no

[* Now » p«rt of II!Mt>Hiunptoii, MMSMsbuMtta.]

)Pmf)aUoto^£( inhian WLax^.

• 1

impression could ever be made by us upon them, by reason
of their retiring into unaccessable swamps, and mountains.
Wherefore it was determined, that Major Church, who was so
eminently serviceable in the former war, should visit their
head quarters, according to a scheme which he had projected.

No sooner was his commission granted, but he raised a con-
siderable number of volunteers out of Plymouth colony both of
English and friend Indians, and marched to Nantaskett for fur-
ther instructions; where the following gentlemen were ap-
pointed officers under him, viz. Colonel Gorham, Major Hilton,
Captain John Brown, Constant, and Edward Church, Cole, Dyer,
Lamb, Cook, Harreden, Williamson, and Myrick,* with five
hundred and fifty men and fourteen transports, and with thirty
six whaleboats, which were guarded by Capt. Smith, Rogers,
and Southack, in three ships of war. After they were equipped,
they sailed to Pascataqua, to make up their complement from
thence. May 16th, they sailed eastward, visiting all parts as
they want along, till they came to the Green Islands, where
they took Monsieur Lafebure, and his two sons, with a Canada
Indian., whom they examined apart : The father at first seemed
surly and crooked, and the young men were much of the like
temper, but being told what they must trust unto in case they
did not confess, were afterwards submissive, and promised to
pilot them wherever they were directed. Upon this, the trans-
ports and whaleboats were ordered to be in readiness, and every
man to have a week's provision ; from hence, they paddled to
Penobscot, and with the assistance of D. Young, whom they
brought out of Boston Gaol on purpose for a pilot, killed and
took a considerable number both of French and Indians, among

[ <» The names of the officers under Col. Church, as glren in his memoirs of the expedition, were U. Col. John
Oorham, Mi^jor Winthrop Hilton, Captains John Brown, James Cole, John Cook, Iwwv! Mirlck, John Harradon,
Constant Ohnrch, John Dyer, Joshua Lamb, Caleb Williamson, and Edward Church. Vol. I N. E. Bit. 8oc, col.]

'. I'

]Peni)allob^g {nbtan WLats.

whom was St. Casteen's daughter. From thence they went to
Passamaquodda, and Mount Desart, where they met the three
ships of war according to appointment. Their custom was to
rest in the day, and row in the night ; and never to fire at an
Indian if they could reach him with a hatchet, for fear of alarm-
ing them. Here they seized the old Lotriell and his family,
after that. Monsieur Gruorden, and Sharkee, who a little before
came with a commission from Canada to form an expedition
against the English. No sooner had our forces arrived here,
but orders were sent them from Boston, forthwith to sail to
Port-Royal, expecting some store ships from France, which was
welcome news for officers and soldiers. But they missed their
expectations : However, the ships stood off the harbor while
the land forces went to Menis, where a council of war was held,
and Lieut. Giles was sent to the town with a flag of truce and
summons to surrender; their answer was, "that if our forces
" would not hurt their estates, they would surrender, otherwise,
" were resolved to stand their ground." Upon which, a descent
was made upon them that night, but little effected until the
morning, and then the forces drew up and drove all before
them.

There was at this time a considerable plenty of brandy and
claret in their houses, which rather proved a snare than
service to our men ; especially the Indians, who naturally af-
fect strong drink, but this was soon prevented, by breaking in
the heads of the casks. Lieut. Baker and one more were killed
in this attack, and not above six died in the whole expedition.
Most of their houses were burnt, and much plunder taken, but
with as little effusion of blood as possibly could be. The Gen-
eral ordered their dams to be dug down, and their fortifications
to be laid in ashes. Having as great success as reasonably

could be expected, throughout all the territories of L' Acadia,
3*

iPeiiftallob^s Intrian ffl®ar».

and Nova Scotia, where he took a hundred prisoners, burnt and
laid waste all the French settlements, (except the town of Port
Royal) a great many cattle were also killed, and the Indians
driven into sucli confusion, that they left their wigwams and re-
tired into private cells.

On July 4th, a council of war was called to concert what next
to do, who resolved, that as the Fort was alarmed, the enemy
was more numerous than at first ; and that as many of our men
were tired and defective, it would be best to return ; which was
also consented unto by our sea officers. But notwithstanding
the fatigue that this worthy gentlemen had undergone, and the
dangers he had run ; the spoil he had done ; and the victories
he won, yet he could not escape the censures of many. Some
indeed extolled his valor and conduct even to an hyperbole,
while others endeavoured to lesson it with as much disgrace and
infamy. Some thought he did too much, others too little : But
after one and another has passed their sentiments, the General
Assembly (which was then sitting) voted him thanks for the good
services he did both to the queen and country.

The Governor of Port Royal being in fear of a new enterprize,
sent Lewis Allein as a spy, under the colour of a flag of truce,
with six prisoners, (whereof Mr. Hoddy of Piscataqua was one)
to observe and know the motion of the English. But being sus-
pected, he was apprehended and searched, and in his pocket-book
was found this direction ; "That if any enterprise was on foot, he
should (in his advice book) join L. A. the two first letters of his
name close together ; if it was only in agitation, to place them at
some distance ; But if nothing was in motion, then to sign a cross."

While our forces were engaged in visiting the enemy abroad,
great care was taken of covering the frontiers at home ; and yet
very daring assaults were frequently made by small numbers.
At Oyster river, they wounded William Tasket, and at Dover

■^

^ImfjalloiD's Inbian Wiaxs.

they waylaid the inhabitants as they returned from publick wor-
ship : After that, they killed a lad near Casco fort. About the
same time, some of the enemy were fishing up Connecticut river,
and being tracked by a small scout of our volunteers, one Eng-
lishman and five Mohegan Indians, they pursued them to such
advantage, that they slew the whole company, save one, which
were nine in number. Mr. Caleb Lyman, (now Elder of a
church in Boston) was leader in this hardy action, and has fa-
voured us with the following account of it.

Mr. Caleb Lyman's account of eight enemy Indians killed by himself

and five friend Indians.

" Some time in the month of May, 1704, there came intelli-
gence from Albany, of a number of enemy Indians up Connecti-
cut river, who had built a fort, and planted corn, at a place
called Cowassuck. On the fifth of June following, we set out
(by order of authority) from Northampton, and went nine days
journey into the wilderness, (through much difficulty, by reason
of the enemy's hunting and scouting in the woods, as we per-
ceived by their tracks and firing) and then came across some
fresh tracks, which we followed till we came in sight of the
abovesaid river : Supposing there might be a number of Indi-
ans at hand, we being not far from the place where the fort was
said to be built. Here we made a halt, to consult what methods
to take ; and soon concluded to send out a spy, with green leaves
for a cap and vest, to prevent his own discovery, and to find out
the enemy. But before our spy was gone out of sight, we saw
two Indians, at a considerable distance from us, in a canoe, and
so immediately called him : And soon after we heard the firing
of a gun up the river. Upon which we concluded to keep close
till sun-set ; and then if we could make any further discovery of

ill

^mtalloto's Intiian Wiats.

the enemy, to attack them, if possible, in the night. And ac-
cordingly when the evening came on, we moved towards the
river, and soon perceived a smoke, at about half a mile's dis-
tance, as we thought, where we afterwards found they had taken
up their lodging. But so great was the difficulty, that (though
we used our utmost care and diligence in it) we were not able
to make the approach till about two o'clock in the morning,
when we came within twelve rods of the wigw^am where they
lay. But here we met with a new difficulty, which we feared
would have ruined our design. For the ground was so covered
over with dry sticks and brush, for the space of five rods, that
we could not pass, without making such a crackliag, as we
thought would alarm the enemy, and give them timo to escape.
But while we were contriving to compass our design, Grod in his
good providence so ordered, that a very small cloud arose,
which gave a smart clap of thunder, and a sudden shower of
rain. And this opportunity we embraced, to run through the
thicket ; and so came undiscovered within ►ight of the wigwam ;
and perceived by their noise, that the enemy were awake. But
however, being unwilling to lose any time, we crept on our
hands and knees till we were within three or four rods of them.
Then we arose, and ran to the side of the wigwam, and lired in
upon them : and flinging down our guns, we surrounded them
with our clubs and hatchets and knocked down several we met
with. But after all our diligence, two of their number made
their escape from us : one mortally wounded, and the other not
hurt, as we afterwards heard.

When we came to look over the slain, we found seven dead
upon the spot : six of whom we scalped, and left the other un-
scalped. (Our Indians saying, they would give one to the
country, since we had each of us one, and so concluded we
should be rich enough.) When the action was thus over, we

?Penf)aUoto's *uDian WXats

took our scalps and plunder, such as pi ns, skims, &c. and the
enemy's canoes, in which we came down tlio river about twelve
miles by break of day, and then thought it prudence to dismiss
and break the canoes, knowing there were some of the enemy
betwixt us and home.

And now, all our care being how to make a safe and comfort-
able return, we first looked over our provision, and found we
had not more than enough for one small refi'eshment : and being
above one hundred miles from any English settlement, we were
very thoughtful how we should subsist by the way. For having
tracked about thirty of the enemy a little before us, we could
not hunt for our subsistence for fear of discovery ; and so were
obliged to eat buds of trees, grass and strawberry leaves, for the
space of four or five days, till through the goodness of God, we
safely arrived at Northampton, on the 19th or 20th of the afore-
said June. And some time after, (upon our humble petition to the
Great and General Court, to consider the service we had done)
we received thirty-one pounds reward. And I have only this
to observe, that in consequence of this action, the enemy were
generally alarmed, and immediately forsook their fort and corn
at Cowassuck, and never returned to this day that we could
hear of, to renew their settlement in that place."*

I beg the country's leave to observe, how poorly this bold ac-
tion and great service was rewarded. No doubt they looked
for, and well deserved, eight times as much ; and now the pro-
vince would readily pay eight hundred pounds in the like case :
but a gracious God has recompensed to the Elder, I trust, both
in the blessings of his providence and grace.

The French in Canada were now forming another design on
North Hampton, of which we had seasonable advice ; yet two

[■^May 11, 1704, John Allen and his wife were killed at, or near Deerfleld. Sergeant Haski was wounded
about the aame time, but eRcaped to Hatfield. Vol. 1 N. H. Will. Hoc cnl.]

13enl)aUoto*!5 {iibian Wars.

men were killed going to Doertiold. After that, came in a French
deserter, who informed of the state of the army that was then
coming. Upon this, expresses and scouts were every way sent
to observe their motion : Mnjor Whiting with a considerable
number went to the Ponds, whore he expected to give them bat-
tle, but they were gone from thence, leaving their canoes behind,
which he burnt. Their whole body were seven hundred, with
two Friars, under the command of Monsieur Boo<!ore, who in
their march began to mutiny about the plunder which they had
in view, and expected to be master of; forgetting the proverb
about dividing the skin before the bear was killed. Their dissen-
tion at last was so great, that upwards of two hundred returned
in discontent. However the rest came on, and sent scouts be-
fore to observe the posture of the English, who reported, that
they were as thick as the trees in the woods. Upon which their
spirits failed, and more of their number deserted. They then
called a council of war, who resolved to desist from the enter-
prise. Yet some staid, and afterwards fell on Lancaster and
Grroton, where they did some spoil, but not what they expected,
for that these towns were seasonably strengthened.*

Capt. Tyng and Capt. How entertained a warm dispute with
them for some time, but being much inferior in number, were
forced to retreat with some loss ; yet those that were slain of
the enemy, were more than those of ours. One of them was an
officer of some distinction, which so exasperated their spirits,
that in revenge, they fired the Meeting-House, killed several
cattle, and burnt many out-houses. About the same time, Capt.
Allen, from Westfield, discovered a small party with whom he

[ * July 19, 1702, Thomas Riusell of Dcerfield was killed.]

[ The Indiana commenced their attack on Lancaster on the 3Ut Jnly, early In the morning. In their llrst
onset, they killed Lieut. Nathaniel Wilder, near the gate of his own garrtaon ; and on the same day, three othera,
vi«. Abraham How, John Spaiildlng and Benjamin Hutching, near the aam* Oarrlaon. Bev, Mr. Harriugioti' $
Onhiry Sermnn.'\

)^enl)alloU)'0 irnbtan tl^iSlais.

had a skirmish, and lost ono man, but killed three, and rescued
a captive. After this, between Hndley and Quabaug,* we had
one wounded and another slain. By this time cjune Major
Tailor with his troop, (who always distinguished himself of an
active spirit to serve his country,) Capt. Prescott, Bulkley, and
Willard, with their companies, who were so vigorous and in-
tense in pursuing the enemy, that they put them all to flight.
And yet a little while after they fell on Groton and Nashua,
where they killed Lieut. Wyler and several more. It was not
then known how many of the enemy were slain, it being cus-
tomary among them to carry off their dead: however, it was
afterwards affirmed, that they lost sixteen, besides several that
were wounded.f After this they divided into smaller parties
and did much mischief, as at Ai.esbury, Haverhill, and Exeter.
August 11th, they wounded Mark Giles of Dover, (with his son)
who, through anguish of pain, and much effusion of blood, ex-
pired a few days after. At the same time, another party fell
on York, where they slew Matthew Austin near the garrison,
and then went to Oyster River, where they killed several while
at work in their field.

The live nations of Indians which are called bv the name of
Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, Senekas, and Macquas,J all this
while stood neuter, but being like to be influenced by the French
missionaries, who came among them, Colonel Townsend and
Mr. Leverett, fi'om the Massachusetts, Capt. Gold and Capt.

[•i*NowBrookfleId.]

[ t On the 8th of August, 1704, as several persoDS were busy lu spreading flax, on a plain, about eighty roda
from tlie houHe uf Mr. Thomas Rice, and a number of boys wUh them, a number of Indians, seven or ten, sud-
denly rushed down a woody hill near by, and knocked on the head Nahor Rice, the youngest boy, and seized
Asher and Adonljah, sons of Mr. Thomas Rice, and two others, Silas and Timothy, sons of Mr. Edmund Rice, and
carried them away to Canada. The persons engaged in spreading flax, escaped safely to the house. Asher, in
about four years, returned, being redeemed by his father. Uis brother, Adonijali, grew up in Canada, and mar-
ried there. Silas and Timothy mixed with the Indians ; . jst their mother tongue, had Indian wives, and children
by them ; and lived at Cagnawaga. The last became the third of the six chiefs of the Cagnawagos, and was known
among them by the name of Oughtsorongoughton. See Whilney'i Hittory of Woreetter, p. 121 — 123.]

[ X OneydM, OnondagM, Cayonges, Hennochea, and Macquaui in the copy. Vol. 1 N, U. UUt, Boo. ooi.j

iPenf)alloU)'s Imtrian Wars.

i'i

Si : ■

ill .

Levinston from Connecticut, were commissionated to give them
a visit, and strengthen tlie alliance with them, which they did
to so good effect, that they promised to take up the hatchet,
whenever the Governor of New- York should desire it. But
why so fair an opportunity was lost, when the interest of New-
England lay bleeding, was matter of surprise and admiration to
some, of censures and reflections to others. The only account
we can give of it is the vast trade between the Dutch and Indi-
ans; for the sake of which, that government have always cho-
sen to restrain their Indians from joining with us in our wars.
In the midst of war there seems a secret league between them
and the Governor of Canada, not to suffer the least breach to
be made on one another by any of their Indians.

But although mv design was onlv 'to remark the barba-
rous insults of those bloody Pagans on the territories of New-
England ; yet I think it not improper to take a short view of
their descent on Newfoundland, considering the nearness of its
situation, and that several of our Eastward Indians were con-
federate with them.

On the 18th of August, one hundred and forty French and In-
dians, in two sloops, early in the morning, from Placentia, ar-
rived at Bonavista and surprised the Pembroke Galley, the
society of Pool, and a leaser vessel, in which was thirty ton of
oil : Capt. Gill oi Oharlestown was there at the same time, in a
ship of fourteen guns, with twenty-four men. He was furiously
attacked, but defended himself with great courage and good con-
duct, from divers bold and desperate attempts which they made
upon him. When he had beat them at small arms, they then
brought the Galley to bear upon him with her great guns, which
he retui'ned in the like language. They then set fire to the So-
ciety, witii an expectation of burning him alive ; but the wind
proving contrary, drove her ashore on a rock, where she soon

?Penf)aUoto's Ihxtiian MKats.

consumed. They then set the lesser ship on fire, which burnt
to such a degree by reason of the oil, that it would soon have
devoured him, had not the buoy-rope of the anchor got between
the rudder and the stern, and kept off the blazing war from him.
The situation of the fort was such, as that it was not able to pro-
tect the town of St. Johns, upon which it was wholly laid in
ashes, the inhabitants being mostly fled into the woods. The
loss that Capt. Gill sustained in the whole encounter, was but
one man slain and two wounded.

I now return to the westward, where, on the 25th of October
the enemy aid some mischief. Lancaster was alarmed, and the
alarm was the means of the untimely death of the Rev. Mr.
Gardiner,* their worthy pastor. Several of the inhabitants who
belonged to the garrison, were wearied by hard travelling the
day before, in pursuit of the enemy. This caused this good man
out of pity and compassion, to watch that night himself; accord-
ingly he went into the box which lay over the flanker, where
he staid till late in the night : but being cold, (as was supposed)
he was coming down to warm himself, when one between sleep-
ing and waking, or surprised through excess of fear, fired upon
him, as he was coming out of the watch-house, where no man
could rationally expect the coming of an enemy.

Mr. Gardiner, although he was shot through the back, came
to the door and bid them open it, for he was wounded. No
sooner did he enter, but he fainted away : As he came to him-
self, he asked who it was that shot him, and when they told him,
he prayed God to forgive him, and forgave him himself, believ-
ing that he did it .not on purpose ; and with a composed frame
of spirit, desired them that bewailed him not to weep, but pray
for him and his flock. He comforted his sorrowful spouse, and
expired within an hour.

[ *' Mr. Andrew (iardlner, who graduated at Harvard College in 1691!, and wan invited to Rettla in the minintry,
at Lancaater, in May, I'^Ol, Imt probably bnd not been ordaiued. Vol. 1 N. B. Hitt. 8oe. col.]

ilenfjalloto's iritimn Wiat^.

The Indian harvest being now gathered, and the winter ap-
proaching, the enemy, like beasts of prey, retired to their pri-
vate cells : but concluding it necessary to discover their head
quarters, it was resolved that Col. Hilton, with two hundred and
seventy men, should go to Narridgewalk * with twenty days'
provision: at which time the country appeared like a frozen
lake, the snow four feet deep ; yet neither officers nor soldiers
were in the least discouraged ; but when they came unto the fort,
could not discover the least step of an Indian, only a few de-
serted wigwams, and a large chapel, with a vestry at the end
of it which they set on fire.

The winter season requiring snow shoes, an express was sent
Col. Patrick to supply the frontiers therewith, which he no sooner
forwarded, but the express was intercepted by a Montreal scout,
who robbed him of iifty pounds that he had in his pocket, which
at their return they jiresented to the Governor, who converted it
into a b( .1, and called it by the name of the New-England gift.

Early \u the spring, Capt. Larraby was ordered to cruise on
the shore of L'Accadia, and defeat the French from their fish-
ery, having Whale-boats to attend him : Capt. Fowle was also
dispatched in a sloop of war, who on the northward of Cape Sa-
bles took a small vessel formerly belonging to the English,
which had cattle and sheep on board her. Soon after he took
five prisoners at Port Rosua,t and three at L'Have, burnt a
few houses, and killed some cattle ; but the inhabitants were so
miserably poor, and their circumstances so desperate, that they
rather chose to be prisoners among the English, than at liberty
among the French.

May the 4th, 1705, Capt. Hill, who was formerly taken at

[ * Norridgowock. This name has been subject to as many methods of spelliug as its neighbor, Androscoggin .
It was an ancient celebrated Indian town, on the Kcnncbeck River, about 84 miles from its mouth, by the course
of the river. SuHivun, p. 31— 32.]

[t Probably Port-Boseway.]

i3enf)alloto^» Inbian Wiax^.

Wells and carried to Canada, was from thence sent by Mon-
sieur Vaudriell, to concert the exchange of prisoners, who ad-
vised of one hundred and seventeen that were then with him,
and about seventy more with the Indians ; which unexpected
news was very reviving to the dejected spirits of their mournful
friends, considering the many deaths they escaped in their
captivity.

Upon the advice hereof, Capt. Levin ston was sent to Canada,
to capitulate about the matter, and after him Capt. Appleton,
and Mr. Sheldon (with seventy prisoners of theirs) who went
by water, having ordered a scout before of ten men by land to
advise of their coming, that so our prisoners might be in readi-
ness. But the Jesuits and Friars had by this time so influenced
the Governor, as to cause him to break his word of honor,
pretending, that as the Indians were independent and a free
born people, that he had no power to demand any ca])tives of
them ; when at the same time they were so much in subjection
and vassalage unto him, that they never formed an enter-
prise without liim, neither did they dare to attempt it without
his knowledge

Now, althoiio-h the expense and industry of our commission-
ers in this a flair was very great, yet notwithstanding they could
not obtain above sixty captives out of one hundred and eighty-
seven, Avhich was scandalously base and dishonorable in that
government.

The descent that the enemy again made on Newfoundland,
was more terrible and surprising than the former ; for on Jan-
uary 2Ist, at break of day. Monsieur Supercass, Governor of
Placentia, came with five hundred and fifty French from Can-
ada, Port-Royal, and other places adjacent, and a company of
Salvages, of whom Assacombuit was chief; who ransacked and
laid waste all the southern settlements in a few davs, and then

^enf)alloto's Intiian Wiax^,

fell on St. John's, where in the space of two hours all were be
come prisoners of war, excepting those in the castle and fort.'
The night before the enterprise, they were obliged to lie on a bed
of snow, six feet deep, for fear of being discovered, which caused
such cold ;iiid numbness in the joints of several, that the Gren-
eral vowed revenge, and accordingly executed his resentment, for
that he destroyed all before him, and gave no quarter for some
time, till Monsieur Boocore, who was a gentleman of more hu-
manity, did interpose and abate his fury. The number that
they took alive was one hundred and forty, whom they sent unto
the garrison, not out of pity to the prisoners, but with a design
to starve the whole. After that, they laid close seige to the gar-
rison and fort, which continued thirty days without relief ; (ex-
cepting three who made their escape to the former, and seven-
teen to the latter.) In the fort were only forty men under the
command of Capt. Moody, and twelve in the castle under Capt.
Lotham, who behaved themselves with such bravery, that they
slighted all manner of tenders that were made them of surren-
dering, with the highest contempt imaginable.

Upon this, the enemy committed many barbarities, and sent
several threatenings ; but they had no influence either on offi-
cers or soldiers, for they plied their bombs and mortar-pieces
to so good eifeet, that they killed several, and lost but three in
the whole engagement.

After this, they steered to Consumption Bay, having first
demolished all the English settlements in Trinity and Bona-
vista, where they burnt their stages and boats, and laid a contri-
bution besides upon the inhabitants. From thence they went
to Carboneer, where they met with some repulse, and finding
tlieir provision fall short, they sent a further number unto the
fort, reserving the most skilful and able fishermen for them-
selves until the succeeding spring.

)Penf)allob)'d intrian Wiax^.

During this time, our frontiers at home were greatly infested.
At Spruce Creek, in Kittery, they killed five and took as many
more ; among the slain was Mrs. Hoel, a gentlewoman of good
extract and education ; but the greatest sufferer was Enoch
Hutchins, in the loss of his wife and children. Three weeks af-
ter, John Rogers was dangerously wounded, and at a little dis-
tance, James Toby was shot by another party. From thence
they went westward, and took a Shallop which belonged to Pas-
cataqua. Our seacoast at the same time was disrested by pri-
vateers, particularly by Capt. Crepoa, who notwithstanding our
cruisers that were then out, took seven vessels, besides a sloop,
and carried them all to Port Royal, excepting the latter, which
was retaken by Capt. Harris at Richmond's Island.

About the same time Michael Royal, a fisherman belonging
to Marblehead, as he went ashore for wood off Cape Sables, was
barbarously cut in pieces. On the 15th of October following,
eighteen Indians fell on Cape Neddick, where they took four
children of Mr. Stover's at a little distance from the garrison.
The youngest not able to travel, was knocked on the head, the
other three were carried captive ; but being attacked by Lieut.
March, and losing one of their company, they killed a second
child in way of revenge.*

During the winter, little or no spoil was done on any of our
frontiers ; the enemy being so terrified by reason of snow-shoes
(which most of our men were skillful in) that they never at-
tempted coming at such a season after.

But as the spring came on, April 27th, 1706, a small body
fell on an out-house in Oyster River, where they killed eight,
and wounded two. The garrison which stood near, had not a
man in it at that time ; but the women, who assumed an Ama-

[ <■ On the same day, Thomaa Sawyer and his ion Sliaa Sawyer, and John Bigle were taken captive from
Lancaater.— HarrM0(o«'« CSrof. Serm, ]
4*

iPenftalloto's Inbian Wiam.

zonian courage, seeing nothing but death before them, advanced
the watch-box, and made an alarm. They put on hats, with
their hair hanging down, and fired so briskly that they struck
a terror in the enemy, and they withdrew without firing the
house, or carrying away much plunder. The principal suiferer
at this time, was John Wheeler, who thinking them to be friend
Indians, unhappily fell under their fury. Two days after, Mr.
Shapleigh and his son, as they were travelling through Kittery,
were ambushed by another party, who killing the father, took
the son and carried him to Canada. In their march, they were
so inhumanely cruel, that they bit oif the tops of his fingers,
and to stagnate the blood, seared them with hot tobacco pipes.

June the 1st, Mr. Walker, being loaded with provisions from
Connecticut, was chased by a French privateer, which to avoid,
he ran ashore in his boat ; and as he hastened to Rhode-Island,
made an alarm all round. The Government there was so ex-
peditious, that in a few hours (by beat of drum) one hundred
men well equipped, voluntarily entered on board of two sloops,
under the command of Major Wanton and Captain Paine, who
next day became masters of the prize, wherein were thirty-seven
men under the command of Capt. Ferrel, bound for Port Royal,
but in his way was obliged to cruise on the New-England coast.

The year after they did another brave exploit, in taking a
sloop from Placentia, with four guns, four Patteraroes, and forty-
nine men, which undoubtedly prevented great mischief that oth-
erwise would have befallen us.

Upon the advice of many English captives that were now at
Port Royal, Capt. Rouse of Charlestown Was sent with a flag of
truce ; who after an unusual stay, returned but with seventeen,
saying that the French detained them. He fell under a severe sus-
picion of carrying on a secret trade with the enemy, which grew
upon his second going, when he brought but seven back with him.

?3enf)allob*s Jntiian fflJSats.

The General Assembly which was then sitting, with the coun-
try throughout, were thrown hereb^'^ into a great ferment, con-
sidering the vast charge and effusion of blood. He was in-
dicted for traitorous correspondence with the enemy. Others
at the same time, like snakes in the grass, or moles under
ground, were as industrious to evade it, and to put a different
gloss on all his actions.

Quid non Mortalia pedora Cogis

Auri sacra fames ?

And yet it has been generally remarked from the beginning
of time here, that those who have been Indian traders, and
seemingly got much, have sensibly decayed, and many of them
become victims to their bloody cruelty. A proclamation was
issued forth to apprehend all such as were suspected : several
hereupon were seized, and others vehemently suspected, who
did what they could to extenuate the crime, and to get the in-
dictment altered from that of Treason, unto High Misdemeanor.
At last a court of Oyer and Terminer was called, and lines were
imposed, besides the prison fees.

How far these unhappy Measures tended to increase oup
troubles, is obvious to an impartial eye, if we consider how they
supplied the enemy with powder, shot, iron, nails, and other ma-
terials of war.

The advice of Colonel Schuyler from time to time was of em-
inent service unto the country, who advised of two hundred and
seventy men that were coming upon us. Their first descent was
on Dunstable, the third of July, where they fell on a garrison
that had twenty troopers posted in it,* who by their negligence

[<'They had been ranging the woods iu the vicinity, and came towards night to this garrison ; apprehending
no danger, turned their horses loose upon the interval, piled their arms and harness in the house, and began a
carousal, to ezliilerate their spirits after the fatigues of the day. A party of Indians had lately arrived in the
vicinity, and on that day had designed to attack both Wells' and Oalusha's garrisons. One of their number had
been stationed to watch each of these houses, to see that no assistance approached, and no alarm was given. A
short time previous to the approach of the cavalry, the Indian stationed at Wells' had retired to his party, and

IPenJalloto's Intiian ffl®ars.

and folly, keeping no watch, suffered them to enter, which tended
to the destruction of one half of their number. After that a
small party attacked Daniel Gralusha'sf house, who held them
play for some time, till the old man's courage failed ; when on
surrendering himself, he informed them of the state of the gar-
rison, how that one man was killed and only two men and a
boy left, which caused them to rally anew, and with greater
courage than before. Upon which one with the boy got out on
the back side, leaving only Jacob to fight the battle, who for
sometime defended himself with much bravery ; but overpow-
ered with force, and finding none to assist him, was obliged to
quit it and make his escape as well as he could ; but before he
got far, the enemy laid hold of him once and again, and yet by
much struggling he rescued himself. Upon this they burnt the

reported that all waa safe. At sunset, a Mr. Cumings and his wife went out to milk their cows, and left the gate
open. The Indians, who had advanced undiscovered, started up, shot Mrs. Cumings (load upon the spot, and
wounded ber husband. They then rushed through the open gate into the house, with all the horrid yells of con-
quering savages, but stared with amazement on finding the room filled with soldiers merrily feasting. Both par-
tiei were completely amazed, and neither acted with much propriety. The soldiers, so suddenly interrupted In
their !"vial entertainment, found themselves called to tight, when entirely destitute of arms, and incapable of ob-
taining them. The greater part were panic-struck, and unable to flgbt or fly. Fortunately, all wore not in this
Bad condition : some six or seven courageous souls, with chairs, clubs, and whatever they could seize upon, furi-
ously attacked thb advancing foe. The Indians who were as much surprised as the soldiers, had but little more
courage than they, and immediately took to their heels for safety ; thus yielding the house, defeated by one quar-
ter their number of unarmed men. The trumpeter, who was in the upper part of the house at the commence-
ment of the attack, seized his trumpet and began sounding an alarm, when he was shot dead by an Indian on the
stairway. He was the only one of the party killed.

The savages, dissappointed in tills part of their plan, immediately proceeded to Galusha's, two miles distant ;
took possession of, and burnt it. One woman only escaped. Had the company at Wells', armed and immediately
pursued, they might probably have prevented this disaster ; but they spent so much time in arming and getting
their horses, that the enemy had an opportunity to perpetrate the mischief and escape uninjured.

The woman above mentioned, when the Indians attacked the house, souglit refuge in the cellar, and concealed
harself under a dry cask. After hastily plundering the house, and murdering, as they supposed, all who were
in It, the Indiana set it on Are and immediately retired. The woman in this critical situation, attempted to es-
cape by the window, but found it too small : she however succeeded in loosening the stones till she had opened a
bole sufficient to admit of her passage, and with the house in flames over her head, she forced herself out, and
crawled into the bushes, not daring to rise for fear she should be discovered. In the bushes she lay concealed un-
til the next day, when she reached one of the neighboring garrisons.

Comings, at Wells' garrison, had his arm broken, but was so fortunate as to reach the woods while the Indians
were engaged in the house. That night he lay in a swamp in the northerly part of what at present constitutes
the town of Tyngsborough, about one quarter of a mile west of the great road as it now runs, and a few rods south
of the state line. The next day he arrived at the garrison near the residence of the late Col. Tyng.— i^\inn«r A
KooreU Collectioni, vol. II. pp. 303, 304. ]
[ t Qoleucla's in the copy. ]

iPenf)alloto's Intiian Wiax^.

house;* and next day, about forty more fell on Amesbuiy,
where they killed eight ; two, at the same time, who wore at
work in a field, hearing an outcry hastened to their relief ; but
being pursued, ran to a deserted house in which were two flank-
ers, where each of them found an old gun, but neither of them
fit for service ; and if they were, had neither powder nor shot
to load with : however, each took a flanker, and made the best
apjDearance they could, by thrusting the muzzles of their guns
outside the port-holes, crying aloud, "here they are, but do not
fire till they come nearer ;" which put the enemy into such a
fright that they instantly drew off.

^From thence they went to Kingston, where they killed and
wounded several cattle. About the same time, Josopli Eiiglish,t
who was a friend Indian, going from Dunstable to Chelmsford,
with a man and his wife on horse-back, was shot dead, the wo.
man taken, but the man made his escape. On the 8th of July,
five Indians, a little before night, fell on an out-house in Read-
ing, where they surprized a Avoman with eight children ; the
former with the three youngest were instantly dispatched, and
the other they carried captive ; but one of the children unable
to travel, they knocked on the head, and left in the swamp
concluding it was dead, but a while after it was found alive.
The neighbourhood being alarmed, got ready by the morning
and coming on their track, pursued them so near that they

[* Wolls' garrison, whicU wns in the southorly part of Dunstable, N. H. about hsiif a mile from the state lino,
near James Baldwin's house, on a i)lace known by the name of the BUnchard farm, eust of the great road to
Boston. Galusha's, was about two miles south-west uf this, on Salmon brook, at a place formerly called Glasgow,
OD which Henry Turrell now lives. ]

[f Jo English, ab he was called, was mncb distinguished for his attachment to the white inhabitants. In a
preceding war with the Indians, he had been taken prisoner from the vicinity of Dunstable and carried to Canada,
from whence, by his shrewdness and sagacity, he effected his escape, with one I^ugi'sh captive, and retnrned to
his friends in Dunstable. The Indians had for a long time endeavoured to retake him, and he was peculiarly ob-
noxious to them ; and at tho time aliovomontioned, while he was accompanying Capt. Buttorfleld and his wife on
a visit to their friends, they pursued him, and Just as he was upon the point of gaining a thicket, they shot biro
through the thipch, which brought him to the ground, and they afterwards dispatched him with their toma-
hawks. Vol. 1 .V. H. Hiit. Soc. col.]

i3cnf)anoU)'s fntiian aJHaris.

rerovered throe of tlio oliildren, and put the enemy in such a ter-
ror that they not only c[uitted their pUinder and blankets, but the
other ca])tivo also. Several strokes were afterwards made on
Chelmsford, Sudbury and Groton, where three soldiers as they
'were goinir to ])ublie worship, were way-laid by a small party,
who killed two nnd made the other a prisoner.

At Exeter, a r'ompany of French Mohawks, who some time
kept lurking about Capt. Hilton's garrison, took a view of all
that went in auvl out: and observing some to go with their
scythes to mow, laid in ambush till they laid by their arras, and
while at work, rushe<l on at once, and by intercepting them
from their arms, killed four, wounded one, and carried three
captive ; so that out of ten, two only escaped. A while after,
two of those that were taken, viz. Mr. Edward Hall, and Sam-
uel ;Myals, made their escape ; but the fatigue and difficulty that
they went through, (besides the terror and fear they were
under of being taken) was almost incredible ; for in three weeks
together, they had nothing to subsist on except a few lilly roots,
and the rhines of trees.

Several of our captives still remaining among the French and
Indians, occasioned Mr. Sheldon's going a second time to Can-
ada with a flag of truce, who at his return brought forty-five,
and had a prospect of many more, but was prevented by the
Jesuits.

As to the treatment of our captives with the French, it was
as different and as various as their tempers and constitutions.
Some were mild and pleasant, while others were morose and
sordid ; but the Indians might as well alter their comjilexions
as their constitutions ; for scarce a day passed without some act
of cruelty, insomuch that all were under a constant martyrdom
between fear of life and terror of death.

It would be an endless task to enumerate the various suffer-

i^enftalloUj's irutiiau ^avs.

inga that many groaned under, by long marching with heavy
burdens through heat and cold ; and when ready to faint for
want of food, they were frequently knocked on the head : teem-
ing women, in cokl blood, have been ript open ; others fastened
to stakes, and burnt alive ; and yet the finger of God diil emi-
nently appear in several instances, of which I shall mention a
few. As

First. Of Rebekah Taylor, who after her return from captiv-
ity, gave me the following account, viz.

That when she was going to Canada, on the back of Montreal
river, she was violently insulted by Sampson, her bloody master,
who without any provocation was resolved to hang her ; and for
want of a rope, made use of his girdle, which when ho had fas-
tened about her neck, attempted to hoist her up on the limb of a
tree (that hung in the nature of a gibbet,) but in hoisting her,
the weight of her body broke it asunder, which so exasperated
the cruel tyrant that he made a second attempt, resolved that if
he failed in that to knock her on the head ; but before he had
power to effect it, Bomaseen came along, who seeing the tragedy
on foot, prevented the fatal stroke.

A second was a child of Mrs. Hannah Parsons, of Wells,
whom the Indians, for want of food, had determined to roast
alive, but while the fire was kindling, and the sacrifice prepar-
ing, a company of French Mohawks came down the river in a
canoe with three dogs, which somewhat revived these hungry
monsters, expecting to make a feast upon one of them. So soon
as they got ashore, the child was offered in exchange ; but des-
pising the offer, they tendered a gun, which w^as readily ac-
cepted, and by that means the child was preserved.

A third was Samuel Butterfield, who being sent to Groton
as a soldier, was with others attacked as they were gathering in
the harvest; his bravery was such, that lie killed qne and

^DrnijallotD's (nlitau ^ats.

wounded another, but being overpowered by strength, was forced
to submit; and it happened that the slain Indian was a saga-
more, and of groat dexterity in war, which caused matter of la-
mentation, and enraged them to such a degree that they vowed
the utmost revenge ; some were for whipping him to death,
others for burning him alive; but diifering in their sentiments,
they submitted the issue to the Squaw Widow, concluding she
would determine something very dreadful, but when the matter
was opened, and the fact considered, her spirits were so mode-
rate as to make no other reply than. Fortune L'guerre. Upon
which some were uneasy, to whom she answered, "if by killing
him, you can bring my husband to life again, I beg you to study
what death you please ; but if not, let him be my servant;" which
he accordingly was, during his captivity, and had favor shewn
him.

The state of affairs still looking with a melancholy aspect, it
was resolved for a more vigorous prosecution of the war, to
grant the following encouragement, viz : —

To regular forces under pay £10 00^

To volunteers in service 20 00

To volunteers without pay 60 00

To any troop or company
that go to the relief of
any town or garrison 30 00^

Over and above was granted the benefit of plunder, and cap-
tives of women and children under twelve years of age, which
at first seemed a great encouragement, but it did not answer
what we expected. The charge of war was by this time so great,
that every Indian we had killed or taken, cost the country at
least a thousand pounds.

But while they continued in great bodies, they did not com-
mit the like spoil and rapine (in proportion) as they did in

per Scalp.

i;)cnl)aUoU)'6 hibian (Ulilaifj.

smaller. August the 10th, they slew William Pearl of Dover,
and ii little after, took Nathaniel Til)))its. lUit of all tlie Indi-
ans that was ever known since King riiili}), never any a])i)eared
so cruel and inhumane as Assacanibuit, that insulting monster,
who by the encouragement of the French, went over to Paru,
and being introduced to the king, lifted up iiis hand in the most
arrogant manner imaginable, saying, " this hand of mine has
slain one hundred and tifty of your Majesty's enemies, within
the territories of New-England," &c. Which bold and imi)u-
dent speech was so pleasing to that bloody monarch, that ho
forthwith knighted him, and orde.ed eight livres a day to be
paid him during life ; which so exalted the wretch (having his
hands so long imbrued in innocent blood,) as at his return, to
exert a sovreignty over the rest of his brethren, by murdering
one, and stabbing another, which so exasperated those of their
relations, that they sought revenge, and would instantly have
executed it, but that he fled his country, and never returned
after.

January 21st, Colonel Hilton with two hundred and twenty
men visited the frontiers anew, but the mildness of the winter
prevented his going so far as he expected : however, in his re-
turn, near Black Point, he came on an Indian track which he
pursued, and killed four. At the same time he took a Squaw
alive with a Papoose at her breast, which he preserved, and she
was of singular service in conducting him to a body of eighteen,
who lodged on a neck of land ; about break of day he surprized
them as they lay asleep, and slew all but one whom they kept a
prisoner: but it is strange to think by what winged mercury re-
ports are often carried. Plutarch, I remember, and other
writers, have given surprising instances of things transacted at
such a distance, as have been inconsistent with any human

conveyance. Witness that of Domitian, two thousand five
*5

IPenJallohj's fntrian Wiax^.

hundred miles in the space of twenty-four hours ; and of Wil-
liam the conqueror, the news of whose death was conveyed from
Roan to Home the day he died, which as historians mention, was
prius j)ene quam nunciari possif. And to my certain know-
ledge, on the very morning that Col. Hilton did this exploit, it was
publickly talked of at Portsmouth in every article, and with lit-
tle or no variation, although ninety miles distance.

But all this while we were only cutting off the branches; the
French in Canada, and Nova Scotia, who supply the Indians
with all necessaries for the war, were the root of all our woe.

Wherefore, it was resolved to make an enterprize on Nova
Scotia, under the command of Colonel March, with two regi-
ments, viz.

Col. Wainwright, \ Col. Hilton, \

Lt. Col. Appleton, I ,, , Lt. Col. Wanton, | ,,, ^,

TVT • Txr u > of the red. at • a > of the blue.

Major Walton, f JVIajor fepencer, C

Commanders. ) Commanders. j

In three transport ships, five brigantines, and fifteen sloops,
with whaleboats answerable, having her ^lajesty's ship the
Deptford, and the Province Galley to cover them.

March 13th, 1707, they sailed from Nantasket, and in a fort-
night after, arrived at Fort Royal gut, where they landed on
both sides of the river, which the enemy observing, made an
alarm and retired to the fort with what substance tliey could
get.

Monsieur Supercass, who was the governor, upon rallying his
forces together, held a short skirmish, but finding too warm a
reception, (his horse being shot under him) was obliged to re-
treat. A council of war being called, it was resolved that the
artillery should be landed, and their lines forced : but through
the unfaithfulness of some, and cowardly pretensions of others,
little was done in annoying the enemy, save killing their cattle,
burning their mills and out-houses : whereas if the officers on

ileuftallob's Intrian Mars.

board her Majesty's ship had been true and faithful, matters had
succeeded to good advantage. But instead of pressing on,
they did rather clog and hinder the affiiir : For, by crafty insin-
uations, they afterwards obtained a second councdl, which the
general not so well weighing as he ought, proved the overthrow
of the whole design. They voted to return ; 'v' reas if they had
only kept their ground, and not fired a gun, the enemy must of
necessity have surrendered or have star\ ed. This was so sur-
prising, that the whole country was under an amazing ferment,
and the commander so grossly reflected on, that his spirits sunk,
and he became of little service ever after : yet to give him his
character, he was a man of good courage, and a true lover of his
country. But the business that he undertook, was too weighty
for his shoulders to bear. So soon as his excellency was ap])rized
hereof, (who had the honor and interest of his country much at
heart) he sent strict orders to stay them ; and another ship of
war, with two companies of fresh men to reinforce them ; Col.
Hutchinson, Col. Townsend, and Mr. Leverett were appointed
commissioners, to give greater vigor, but the number of desert-
ers, and disaffected officers overthrew the whole affair. How-
ever a second attempt was made, which the enemy perceiving,
called in their auxiliaries both of French and Indians from Me-
nis, Chignecto,* and all other places adjacent. A privateer and
some other vessels had also arrived since the withdraw of our
forces. By their assistance, the enemy had not only strength-
ened the fort, but secured their lines ; so that nothing could be
attempted but by a few encounters, in which Major Walton be-
haved himself with much bravery, being the only field officer
then on shore ; who engaged them some time, and at last put
them to flight, killing and wounding several, among whom was
the Field-Major. Those that fell on our side were sixteen, an(i

[* S«rlienw;to, In copy. ]

iPentalloto's ixidian Wiaxs.

as many more wounded. Our frontiers at home were as much
disrested as ever : May 22d, they took two at Oyster River, and
on June 12th, killed one at Groton ; after that they slew William
Carpenter of Kittery, with his whole family. July 8th, they
way laid a cart with two men, as they were going from Dover
to Oyster River, whom they shot dead. Captain Sumersby,
who was there with his troop, regained the most of the plunder
that they took. About the same time, Stephen Gilman and
Jacob his brother, as they were riding from Exeter to Kings-
ton, were ambushed by another party. The first had his horse
shot under him, and was in danger of being scalped before he
could get clear. The other brother had several shot through
his clothes and one that grazed his belly ; his horse also was
wounded, yet he defended himself on foot and got into the gar-
rison.

At Casco, the Indians intercepted a fishing boat as she was
sailing between the islands, in which were five men, three of
whom they killed, and took the other two. August the 10th,
they way-laid tiie road between York and Wells, and as four
horsemen were riding in company with Mrs. Littelfield, who had
the value of sixty pounds with her, were all slain except one,
who made his escape. Another company falling on Marlbo-
rough, encompassed two as they were at work in the field ; one
which got clear, and the neighborhood meeting together, en-
gaged them so smartly, that the enemy gave way, leaving 24
packs behind ; which so exasperated their spirits with the loss
they sustained, that they slewlthe captive which they had taken.
On our side two were slain, and two wounded.*

[ « On the 18th of Aui;uBt, 1707, iis two women in Northborough, Ms. were out a short dlstMic* from the fort
gathering herbs, the Indians ciiscorered Hnd pursued them. One Mrs. Mary Fay got safe into the fort; the other,
Mary Qoodenow, a young nnd unmarried woman, whs< taken and carried over the brook into the edge of Marlbo.
rough, and there, a little south of the great road, and nigh to Sandy Hill, she was killed and scalped. The enrmy
werp pursued and overtaken in what is now Sterling, where an obstinate engagement took place, in which John
Tarrar and Richard SinRletary, were killed. The Indians at length fled, leaving some plunder and some of their
packs, in one of which the scalp of Mary Ooodenow was found, fire WhUney'i Hitt. e/ WercuUr, p. 274.]

IPentalloto's Jntrian WiaxB.

At Exeter, one was killed near the meeting-house ; and two
days after, another * at Kingston, but the most afflicting stroke
that befel us this season was at Oyster River, where thirty
French Mohawks, who appeared like so many furies with their
naked bodies painted like blood, and observing some at work in
hewing of timber, and others driving a team, they fell violently
upon them with such hideous noise and yelling as made the
very woods to echo. At the first shot, they killed seven, and
mortally wounded another, upon which Capt. Chesley, (who had
signally behaved himself in many encounters) with a few that
were left, fired on them with great vigor and resolution, and for
some time gave a chock to their triumphing ; but the enemy be-
ing too powerful, soon overcame him, to the great lamentation
of all that knew him.

It being now the height of Indian harvest, they dispersed
themselves into all parts, and did considerable mischief; but
having something more than ordinary in view, they beset Win-
ter Harbor, and on September 21st, with one hundred and fifty
men, in fifty canoes, attempted the taking of two shallops as they
lay at anchor, in which were Capt. Austin, Mr. Harmon, Ser-
geant Cole, and five men more with a boy, who perceiving their
intention, suffered them to paddle till they had got near, and
then fired, which put them into great confusion. But they soon
recovered themselves, and fired on our men with such resolu-
tion, as made them to quit one of their boats by cutting their roads
and lashings ; and no sooner had they taken possession thereof,
but they got their mainsail atrip before that our men could get
up theirs half mast high, and then put out their oars, which they
joined with paddles on each side ; but having no fixrgood, and
their boat a dull sailor, ours gained on them so much, that they
got twelve or thirteen canoes ahead, with fishing lines to tow

[•» Henry Klklns, Sept. 15, 1707.]

ilenjalloto's Jntiian Wiax&.

;:■!

them. But a breeze springing up, and the enemy making too
near the wind (for want of a fargood) came to stays several
times, in so much tliat they fell a quarter of a mile astern. But
the rest of the canoes kept on firing, and our men on them for a
considerable time together. The only man we lost was Ben-
jamin Daniel, who was shot through the bowels, soon after they
came to sail ; at his fall he said, "/am a dead man r yet recov-
ering himself a little, added "Ze^ me kill one before IdieT but
he had not strength to fire.

The engagement held about three hours, in which the Eng-
lish spent about five pounds of powder, and when the enemy
ceased their chase, they had not above a quarter of a pound left.
The Indians were so bold and daring, as to attempt to take hold
of the blades of their oars, as they were rowing. The number of
them that fell was then unknown, because of a continued cloud
of smoke ; but it was affirmed, that nine were slain, and twice
as many wounded. After this, a small scout appeared at Ber-
wick, where they killed two, as they returned from worship ;
upon which, some of the inhabitants, who were acquainted with
their walk, lay in wait, and making the first discovery, fired to
good advantage ; which put them into so great a consternation,
that they dropped their packs, in which were three scalps, sup-
posed to be some of those which a little before, were taken at
Oyster River. The winter season afibrdcd a little respite ; but
on April 22, 1708, Lieut. Llttlefield of Wells, with Joseph Winn,
as they were travelling to York, were surrounded by a small
body ; the latter made his escape, but the other was carried to

Quebec, who, being a skilful

engineer.

especially in water

works, did them great service.

About this time, eight hundred French and Indians were
forming a desperate design against us, but on a division among
themselves, fell short of the mischief they designed us. How-

-"^-^

i^enftalloto^s Indian Mars.

ever, one hundred and fifty, on August 29th, at break of day,
fell on Haverhill, and passing by the garrisons got into the very
centre of the town, before they were discovered. They at-
tempted to fire the Meeting-House, and after that, did burn
several houses near it. Major Turner, Capt. Price, and Capt.
Gardner, were happily there at that time, and rallied together
what forces they could ; but most of their men being posted in
remote garrisons, were unable to assist them. However, with
such as they could get together, they faced the enemy with
much bravery, and in less than an hour, put them all to flight,
leaving nine of their dead, and carrying off several that were
wounded. But the slain on our side were thrice as many, by
reason of the surprize that they at first were in ; among whom,
was the Rev. Mr. Rolfe,* the worthy minister of that town,
with Capt. Wainwright.f

A while after, James Hays, of Amesbury, was taken, and one
at Brookfield ; they also killed Robert Read and David Hutch-
ins of Kittery.

Colonel Hilton again marched toward their head quarters
with one hundred and seventy men at Amassaconty, Pigwacket,
and other places adjacent; but after along and tedious march,
could make no discovery.

On April 12th, 1709, a scout fell on Deerfield, and took Me-
human Hinsdell, as he was driving a cart, which was the sec-
ond time of his captivity. And on May 6th, another party with-
in three miles of Exeter, surprized several as they were going
to a saw-inill, among whom were Mr. William Moody, Samuel
Stevens, and two of Mr. Jeremiah Gilman's sons, whom they
carriid captive.J A few days after, Capt. Wright of North-

[ * Rev. Benjamin Rolfe graduated at Harvard College, 1084 ; was ordained in Haverhill, io Jan. 1694.~SaJ.
tontlalVt Bitt. Iliwcrhill. ]

[t October 20, 1708, E. Field was killed in Deerfield. ]

[t Soon after, Bartholomew Stephenson was killed at Oyster River. In May, this year, Lieut. John Wells
and John Burt were lost in a skirmieh with the enemy. They belonged to VeertieM.—Appendix to WUliamt'
Sarrative. ]

iPeni)alloto*s Jnbian Wiax^*

ampton, with several English, and two Natick Indians, adven-
turing to the lake, within forty miles of fort La' Motte, killed
and wounded two or three of the French Mohawks; and on
their return up French river, met with another body of the ene-
my in canoes, on whom they fired, and overset, killed and
wounded several of them. In this company, was William
Moody before mentioned, who being now alone with but one In-
dian in a canoe, was encouraged by the English to kill said In-
dian, and make his escape. Which he attempted, but overset
the canoe in the struggle, and then Moody swam towards the
English for relief. Whereupon, Lieut. John Wells, with one or
two more, ran down the bank and helped him ashore. In the
mean time, a number of the enemy came to the bank, and
wounded John Strong, and killed the Lieutenant, who had been a
man of very good courage, and well spirited to serve his country,
and so the loss of him was much lamented Hereupon, Moody
unhappily resigned himself again into the enemy's hands ; who
most inhumanly tortured him, by fastening him unto a stake,
and roasting him alive, whose flesh they afterwards devoured.
Our men considering they were so far in the Indians' country,
and like to be encompassed, were forced to make a running fight.
So scattering in the woods, lost John Burt, who was supposed to
perish with hunger.

The town of Deerfield, which had suffered so much spoil be-
fore by Monsieur Artcll, was, on June 23d, obliged to a new en-
counter by Monsieur Ravell, his son-in-law, who, with one hun-
dred and eighty French and Indians, expected to lay all desolate.
But the town being alarmed, they valiantly resisted, with the loss
only of one man and another wounded.* After that, the enemy
killed two at Brookf ield, one at Wells, and took another captive.

[♦Joseph Clesson luiilJolm Armes wera taken from Deerfielii, June 22, 1709, and the next day Jonathan
WilUams was killed and Mattliew Clesaon mortally wounded. Lieut. Thomas Taylor and Isaac Moulton wew
also wounded, but recovered. — \ol. 1 N. II. Uiit, Soe. col]

i^enftallob's tntiiau Mars,

Col. Vetch, who was now in Enghind, and well acquainted
with the continent of America, was vcrv sensible that the re-
duction of Canada was of absolute necessity, for subduing the
Indians ; upon Avliich, he laid a plan of the whole country be.
fore some of the chief ministers of sUite, representing every
thing in its true light. Gen. Nicholson added all his interest
to the motion made by Col. Vetch, and between them they ob-
tained a promise for sufficient forces both by sea and land, for
the conquest of Canada. They arrived early in the spring, with
her Majesty's royal commands and instructions to the governors
of the several provinces, to furnish their respective quotas. To
such as should offer volunteers, they presented a good lirelock,
cartouch-box, flints, ammunition, a coat, hat and shirt, with an
assurance of her Majesty's princely favour unto all such as
should distinguish themselves.

Upon this, several the governors contributed their utmost as-
sistance; and considering that New- York (with the adjacent
places) lay nearest the Lake, it was resolved that Col. Nicholson
should command the several troops, from thence for the attack-
ing of Montreal, while Col. Vetch was preparing to head the
forces by sea.

But it often happens in the course of Divine Providence, that
when our expectations are at the highest, things come to no-
thing. For while our forces were ready, and after a vast ex-
pense by long waiting, there was a stop at home from any fur-
ther proceeding for that time ; which occasioned Col. Nicholson
to embark again for England, to revive the expedition, if pos-
sible. But such was the importance of affairs then on foot,
that, notwithstanding his indefatigable care and pains, he could
not effect it. However, he obtained a sufficient force for the
reduction of Po^t Roynl and Nova Scotia, which was so preju-
dicial to our fishery and merchandize.

r,s

Ucnftallob's fntriau WLax^.

Its situation is from 43 to 51 degrees of north latitude, and is
])art of the Terra Canadensis,* wliose bounds are, the AtUmtic
Ocean on the north, Breton Island and the bay of St. Lawrence
to the east, Canada the west, and New-England to the south ;
whose first seizure was by Sir Sebastian Cabot, for the crown of
Great-Britain, in thereign of king Henry the seventh ; but
lay dormant till the year 1621. In which time. Sir William
Alexander, who was then one of the Secretaries of State for
Scotland, and afterAvards Earl of Sterling, had a patent for it
from king James, where he settled a colony and jiossessed it
some years. After that. Sir David Kirk was proprietor as well
as governor, but did not enjoy it long ; for to the surprize of all
thinking men, it was given up unto the French ; but Oliver, who
had a foreseeing eye of the danger that would ensue unto the
British interest, from its being in the hands of so potent an ene-
mv, re-took it in the year 1654, and in no after treaties would be
persuaded to surrender it: yet, in 1662, it was again given up,
unto the shame and scandal of the English.

Monsieur Maneval was then made governor, who built a
small fort at Port- Royal, which lies on the edge of a basin one
league broad, and two long, about sixteen foot of water on one
side, and six or seven on the other, where the inhabitants drove
a considerable trade, and increased much in the adjacent parts,
till Sir William Phips in the year 1690, took possession of it in
the name of king William and Queen Mary, and administered
the oaths of allegiance to the inhabitants ; but in a little time
they revolted. Col. Nicholson arrived at Boston, July 1st, 1710,
in her majesty's ship Dragon, attended by the Falmouth and a
bombship, with several transports, British officers, a regiment of
marines, provisions, and stores of war ; bringing with him her
majesty's royal command to the several governors of the Mas-

I ■' Tho former name of CHnada.— .Sw Oordnn'i Geography. ]

ijlenftaUoto's {ittrian WiavB.

sachiisetts, New-Hampshire, Connecticut and Rhode-IsUmcl, to be
the assisting in said expedition; who very readily obeyed and
suupplied their respective quotas of good effective men, with
transports, provision, stores of war, pilots, chaplains, chirur-
geons, and all necessaries for the service.

Col. Nicholson was appointed general and commander in chief,
who embarked, Sei)teiuber 18th, from Nantasket, having with
him her majesty's ship the Dragon, commodore Martyn,; the
Falmouth, Capt. Riddle ; the Lowstaff, Capt. Gordon ; the Fe-
versham, Capt. Pastor ; the Province Galley, Cant. Southack ; the
Star Boom, Capt. Rochfort. Besides tenders, transports, hos-
pitals, store-ships, and twenty-live lesser vessels, with open
floats for carrying l)oai'ds and necessaries for the cannon. The
land forces consisted of live regiments of foot, whereof Col.
Vetch w^as Adjutant-General, Sir Charles Hobby, Col. Walton,
Col. Taller, Col. Whiting,* and Col. Reading, had commissions
sent them from the Queen. The wind proving fair, they all
safe arrived in six days, excepting Capt. Taye, who at his en-
tering into the Gut was lost with tw^enty-five men. Next day,
a council of ^yar was held, and several detachments ordered to go
ashore, and view the ground for the better landing and pitching
their camj). Col. Reading and Col. Rednap, with a company of
marines, were appointed on the south side of the river where
the fort stood, and supported with one hundred and fifty men
more, under the command of Major Mullens ; at the same time
Col. Vetch, Col. Walton, Major Brown, Capt. Southack, and
engineer Forbes, landed on the north side with a company of
grenadiers, commanded by Capt. Mascareen. After this, orders
were given to land the whole army, which was done by four
o'clock, in the afternoon. The fort fired on them, bnt did no

[ <■ Col. Joseph Whiting was from Connecticut. He graduated at Harvard College in 1690.— 3/5. of W. lf/'/»-
tkrop, Eiq. ]

i3rnl)aIloU)'s hx^iaw UXavs.

damage. In the evening, the bomb-ship came up, and Hulutod
them with seven shells, which number the fort returned, but
without execution. On Thursday, the twenty-sixth, at break of
day, the General marched with the army on the soutli side, the
marines in the front, Col. Reading at their head, Col. Whiting's
regiment in the centre, sir Charles Hobby in the rear, and Ma-
jor Levingston with a party of Indians flanking the body in their
march. Towards evening, the fort fired very smartly, and so
did the French and Indians with their small arms, as they lay
behind the fences, who killed three of our men. Upon landing
the stores, which were brought up in the night, the enemy dis-
charged several times from the fort. Next day, we mounted
some of our guns, and made preparations to bring up the flat
bottom boats, with the artillery and ammunition. In the even-
ing, our bomb-ship came up again, and threw thirty-six shells
into the fort, which put them into such an amazing terror, as
brought to my mind the saying of the poet —

The slaughter-breathing brass grew hot, and spnko

In flames of lightning, and in clouds of buioke.

After that, Lieut. Col. Ballantine with his company from the
fleet, and Col. Gofi'e from Col. Vetch on the north, with four
companies more, came to the General's camp ; every regiment
was now preparing for further engagements, the cannon being
all landed. Lieut. Col. Johnson, with three hundred, was or-
dered to cut fascines, the boats being constantly employed in
going and coming with provisions and all sorts of warlike stores.
On Friday, the twenty-ninth, two French officers, a fort major,
sergeant and drummer, came out of the fort, with a flag of
truce, and a letter from Monsieur Supercast unto the General,
respecting some gentlewomen that were terrified at the noise of
bombs, praying his protection, and that no incivility or abuse
might be done them, which was granted. Next day, the

ll3cnf)allob*s fntiian Wiax^.

Hontinels of our advaneod guards, discovered some (^f the ene-
my near the woods, whom tliey ])ursui'd, and look Capt, Allein a
prisoner. October 1st, the great guns were phu^ed on three bat-
teries; the mortars were also planted, and twenty-four cohorts
at a little distance from the outward barrier of the fort. Tlu^sc
all played upon the fort with good etVcct; the French, at the
same time, firing tlieir great guns and mortars u[)on us. The
General sent Col. Tailor and ('apt. Abl)ercrond»y with a snin-
mons to Monsieur Supercast, the governor, to deliver up tin^
fort for the Queen of Giwat Britain, as her undoultted right.
The answer which he retui'iietl was soft, oidy desiring a capitu-
lation with some of the ]ti-inci[)al officers on each side, which
was granted; and thereupon a cessation of arms. Next day
the articles of ca]>itulation were drawn up ami signed by Gene-
ral Nicholson and the Governor. Upon this, several coni])li-
ments passed upon each side, which were sent by major Handy
the Aid-de-Camp. And on October oth, the fort was delivered
up. Upon which ^lajor Al)bercroml)y, with two hundred men,
five captains, and eight subalterns, were ordcu'ed to take pos-
session thereof. Capt. Davidson marched first at the head of
fifty grenadiers : Major Abbercromby, Cai)t. Mascareen, Ca]it.
Bartlett, Capt. Adams, and Capt. Lyon, followed in their in'ojier
stations ; the General, with Col. Vetch on hisright hand, and Sir
Charles Hobby on the left; with Monsieur Bona venture and
D'Gouten who were hostages ; and then the field officers, with a
great many others advanced to the Fort, where the French Gov-
ernor met them half way on the l)ridge, with Col. Reading, and
Capt. Matthews, who were hostages on our side, and compli-
mented him in these words.

" Sir, I am very sorry for the King, my master, in losing so
brave a Fort, and the territories adjoining ; but count myself
happy in falling into the hands of one so noble and generous,

JSIenfialloUi's Inbian JIfflars.

and now deliver up tlie keys of the Fort, and all tho magazine
into your hands, lioi)in^ to give you a visit next spring."
Which Keys the General innnediatcly delivered to Col. Vetch,
as Governor of the Fort, by virtue of her majesty's instructions :
whereupon Monsieur Supercast, with his officers and trooj)8
marched out with drums beating, colours flying, and guns
shouldered ; each paying their respects to tho General, as they
passed by ; and then our army entered tho Fort, hoisted the
union flag and drank the Queen's health, tiring all the guns
round the Fort, as likewise did the men of war, and other ves-
sels in the River.

On the success of these her Majesty's arms, a day of thanks-
giving was solemnized, and agreeable to the articles of capitula-
tion, three vessels were a])jK>inted, to transport the soldiers un-
to France, being two hundred and tifty eight ; who besides the
common allowance, had a considerable stock of wine, brandy,
sugar, spice, and other things, with a plentiful supply for the
late Governor. After this, a council of war was called, who re-
solved, that Major Levinston, with St. Casteen, and three In-
dian guides, should go to the Governor of Canada, about the ex-
change of captives, and inform him how matters were here.
Their first arrival was at Penobscot, St. Casteen's house, who
courteously entertained him. From thence they went to the
island of Lett, where they met with fifty canoes, and twice as
many Indians, besides women and children ; there were two Eng-
lish prisoners, taken a little before at Winterharbor. Two days
after, one of the prisoners made his escape from an island where
he was hunting with his master, carrying with him both his ca-
noe and gun, and left him behind ; which so exasperated the
wretch, that when he got from thence, and came where Major
Levinston was, he took him by the throat with his hacthet in his
hand ready to give hrni the fatal stroke, had not St. Casteen

iPenftalloto's Inbian fflMavs.

iutin'posed ; ho was however kept prisoner some time, but by
tlie prudent niannu;enient, and mediation of tliat gentleman, was
relcniHod. November the 4lli, they took their departure, and
next day the Major's canoe overset, drowning one Indian, where
ho also k)st his gun and all lie had; after that coming among
the ice, their canoe was cut to pieces, which obliged them to
travel the rest of the way by land, through hori'il)le <leserts and
mountains, l)eing often forced to head rivers, and lakes, and
sometimes knco deep in snow scarce |)assing a day without ford-
ing some river or oiher, whirh in some places were very ra])id
and dangerous: and for nineteen days together never saw the
sun, the weather being siormy and ''nil of fogs, and the trees so
prodigious thick, that in many olaces it was with diiliculty they
got through, being mostly s^.i ce, and cedar, and the way under
foot so extreme rocky, ih.it it was aVi.ost next to an inij)ossibili-
ty. At last their pro 'isi.ns were wholly spent, so that for six
days together, they had not one morsel to ccii but what they
scraped off the frozen earth, or olf the bark of trees. After
these unspeakable difficulties, they arri\'ed at Quebec, December
the sixteenth, where ihey were handsomely entertained, and
after some time of refreshment, discoursed about the prisoners.
The Governor at their return, sent two gentlemen with them to
Boston, to treat on the same head. Six days homeward, his
man fell s''"k. whom he left in a hospital at Troy River.*
From thencj .iiey came to Chamblee, and brought with them
three birch canoes, being thirteen in number, which canoes they
carried r-vventy miles by land through the woods and ice, and
then paosed in them sixty miles by water, crossing the Lake.
They did not arrive at Albany till February 23.

Early in the spring, the enemy appeared as insulting as ever.
The first that fell under their cruelty, was Benjamin Preble of

[ * Trols RiTieres, In Lower Canada. ]

IPentalloto's Jntrian Mats.

York; but the most affecting and surprising stroke was on Col.
Hilton of Exeter, who being deeply engaged in the masting
aifair, and havini? several trees of value that were felled four-
teen miles up the country, went out with seventeen men to
peel off the bark for fear of worms : but not being so careful and
watchful as they ought to be, on July the twenty-second * they
were ambusiied by a body of Indians that were making a de-
scent u[)on us. They took two and killed three, whereof the Col-
onel was one ; which so surprized the rest, (their guns being wet)
that they all ran without firing one shot, or making the least
reprisal. This caused the enemy to triumph, and the more be-
cause they slew a superior officer, whom they soon scalped, and
Avith utmost revenge struck their hatchets into his brains, leav-
ing a lance at his heart. Xext day, about a hundred men went
in i)iirsuit of them, but could not discover any. One of the slain
was buried on the spot, the other two brought home, where the
Col. was decently interred, the several troops in great solemnity
attending his corps. He was a gentleman of good temper,
courage and conduct, respected and lamented by all that knew
liim.f

After this, the enemy appeared very bold and insolent in the
town, in open streets, where they carried captive four children
as they were at play. They then took John Wedgewood, whom
they carried to Canada, and after that, killed John Magoon, of
whom one thing is remarkable ; that three nights before, he
dreamed he should be slain by the Indians, at a certain place
near his brother's barn ; which place he frequently visited with
a melancholy countenance, telling several of the neighborhood,

[■:■ JuDc 2:!, 1710, sayR tbo monument over his grave. For a particnlar memoir of his life, the reader is re-
ferred to Farmer & Moore' t CoUeclioni, \<il. I. p. 241, 251. ]

[ t The sime diiy that Colonel Hilton wn8 killed, a company of Indiann who had pretended friendship, who
had been '.)euccal)ly convcrHnnt with the inhabitants of KingHton, and seemed to be thirsting after the blood
of the enemy, came into the town and ambushing the road, killed Samuel Winalow and Samuel HontoonMhey
also took Philip Huntoou and Jacob Oilman, and carried them to Canaada ; where after some time, they pur-
chased their own redemption by building a saw-mill for the governor after the English mode.— 1 B^lkttap, 280.]

ilenftallob's Inbian fflJBats,

that within a little while he should bo killed, and pointed to the
very spot, which fell out accordingly.

After this, they bent their fury westward, where at Water-
bury they killed three, and one at Simsbury.* About the
same time they fell on Brooktield, and then at Marlborough,
where they shot the post as he was riding to Hadle3\ From
thence they went to Chelmsford, where they wounded jNIajor
Tyng,t who soon after expired ; he was a true lover of his
country, and had very often distinguished himself a gentleman
of good valor and conduct. J

August the 2d, between forty and fifty French and Indians
fell on Winter-Harbor, where they killed a women and took two
men, one whereof was Mr. Pendleton Fletcher, which was the
fourth time of his captivity ; but he was soon redeemed by the
garrison. The week after, they came with a far superior nu;.n-
ber, killed three, and carried away six, one of the slain they bar-
barously skinned, and made themselves girdles of his skin The
last that fell this season, was Jacob Garland of Cooheco, in his
returning from publick worship.

As the winter approached, Colonel Walton was again prepar-
ing to traverse the eastern shore with an hundred nnd seventy
men, being the usual season of visiting their clam bunks, where
one of the enemy very hai)[)ily fell into his hands as they Avere
enctimping on an island; for by the smoke that the English
made, they came near, concluding them to be some of their own

[ *Tlicsc towns are in Coiinectiiiit. ]

[tMHJiirTviig wna woundod by tholnilians lietwopii Concord nnd Gruton. IIo was ciirrM to Concord and

there died. Alkn'i Hist of Chrlnifforil.]

[I On tho Wtli Jnly, 1710, M\ men, Klipnczer Iliiywanl. .Icdiii \\ hitts Sloplicu and IWiiJiimin Jennings, Joh..
Orosvenorand Joseph KcllDgg, wcro milking liity in thu meadows, whi-n tho Indinns, who hud hocu watching nn
opportunity to surpri/e them, Hpiiiiigsiidilunly upon tlnni, dispatchid livn of them, nnd took tlie otlicr, Johi
WUIto, prisonor. Wliito spying a small company of oiir people at u di-tanee, jiimpeil from the Indian who hold
him, and ran tojoin his fri('ndH; hot tho Indian hred altiT him, and wounded liim in the tlii^'h, hy whieh he
foil ; but soim rocovored and rnnnhiK iigaiu, he was again tired at, and receiv.'cl his deatli wound. This was the
last uiiscliiof done by tho Indians at Urooklleld. WhUney'i Hist, of Worce»t<r, p. 72. J

^PenftalloUj's hit^mi Mats.

tribe, but finding themselves deceived, they attempted to escape,
which our men prevented. The principal Indian among them
was Arruhawikwabemt, chief Sachem of Naridgwalk, an active
bold fellow", and one of an undaunted spirit; for when they asked
several questions, he made them no reply, and when they
threatened him with death, he laughed at it with contempt ;
U2)on which they delivered him uj) unto our friend Indians, who
soon became his executioners ; but when the squaw saw the
destiny of her husband, she became more flexible, and freely dis-
covered where each of them encamped. Upon this, they went
further east, and took three more ; after that, a certain Indian
(thro' discontent) surrendered himself, and informed of Mauxis
and several others that were at Penobscot, which our forces had
regard unto ; and as they returned, went up Saco river, where
they took two, and killed five more. Noav although the num-
ber that we destroyed of them seems inconsiderable to what
they did of ours, 3'et by cold, hanger, and sickness, at least a
third of them was wasted since the w^ar begun. For as their
number at first (among the several tribes) were computed four
hundred and fifty fighting men from Penobscot, westward, they
were now reduced to about three hundred, which made the old
men weary of the war, and to covet peace. At Winter harbor,
they took Corporal Ayers, but soon released him, without offer-
ing him the least injury, and then went into the fort with a flag
of truce, professing their desire of a pacification. Yet in a few
days after, some came in a hostile manner at Cochecho, where
they slew Tlioma Downs, and three more, while at work in the
field. After that, they went to Yoi'k, where they killed one and
wounded another, who afterwards got to the garrison and re-
ported, that as they were fishing in the pond, they were Avay-laid
by five Indians, one of which ran furiously at him and knocked
him on the head : after this, they scalped him, and cut him deep in

iPenJalloto's Intiian Mars.

the neck. He perfectly retained his senses, but made not the
least motion or struggle, and by this means saved his life.
April, the 29th, the like number appeared at Wells, where they
killed two men as they were planting corn. After that, they
slew John Church of Cochecho ; and then way-laid the people
as they returned from publick worship ; where they wounded
one,* and laid violent hands on another ;f but upon firing
their guns, some who were before, returned andr escued the
prisoner. Upon this. Col. Walton went with two companies of
men to Ossipee and Winnepiseogee J ponds, being places of
general resort for fishing, fowling, and hunting ; but saw none,
only a few deserted wigwams ; for being so closely pursued from
one place to another, they removed to other nations, leaving
only a few cut-throats behind, which kept the country in a con-
stant alarm.

Col. Nicholson, by the reduction of Port Royal, (which from
that time bears the name of Annapolis Royal) was but the more
inflamed with the desire of the con(|uest of Canada. Where-
fore upon his return to England, he so effectually represented
to the f[ueen and ministry, the great advantage that would ac-
crue unto the crown thereby, that he obtained orders for a sulU-
cient force, both by sea and land, with the assistance of the sev-
eral colonies. And for the better expediting the same, he set
sail the latter end of April, some time before the fleet, with
exi)re.ss orders unto the several governors of New-England,
New- York, the Jerseys, and Thiladelphia, to get their quotas of
men in readiness. He arrived at Boston, on June the eighth,
1711, to the great joy and satisfaction of the country. A Con-
gress hereupon was appointed at New-London, being nearest the
centre, where the several governors met, witli a firm resolution
of carrying on the important affairs. On the 2oth, the castle

t Winnopisseocuy iu cgpy, ]

[ <' John Horn.

t Uumphrey Fosi.

iPenftalloto's Inbian WLaxs.

gave a signal of ships in the bay, which proved to be the fleet :
upon which the troops of guards, and regiment of foot were
under arms to receive them, and as his Excellency was not yet
returned, the gentlemen of the Council, and others of distinction,
went to congratulate them.

Brigadier Hill was Commander in Chief of these her Ma-
jesty's troops, and Sir Plovenden Walker, Admiral of the fleet,
which consisted of fifteen men of war, forty transports, a bat-
talion of marines, and several regiments under Colonel Kirk,
Colonel Segmore, Brigadier Hill, Colonel Disnee, Colonel Win-
dress, Colonel Clayton and Colonel Kaine, with upwards of five
thousand men, who arrived safe in health, and encamped on
Noddle's Island, where the General invited the Governor to
view them under arms. They made the finest appearance that
was ever yet seen or known in America. Her Majesty, out of
her royal lavor, was also i^leased to send six ships, with all man-
ner of warlike stores, and a fine train of artillery, with forty
horses to draw the same.

It is surprising to think how vigorously this expedition was
forwarded, while at Boston, although a town but of eighty years
standing, out of a howling wilderness ; yet scarce any town in
the kingdom (but where stores arc laid up before) could have
eftected the same in so short a time. For in less than a month
the whole army was sui)plied with ten weeks' provision, and all
other necessaries that were wanted, besides two regiments of
our New-England forces, under the command of Colonel Vetch
and Colonel Walton, who embarked at the same time, in trans-
ports of our own. On the day that the fleet sailed, Colonel Nich-
olson set out for New- York, and from thence for Albany, having
ordered batteaux before, and every thing else on the inland fron-
tiers, to be in readiness for passing the lake with utmost api)li-
cation. The assembly of New- York raised ten thousand pounds.

^Peitt^Hoto^s fnbian Mats.

besides their proportion of men, the Jerseys five, and although
Pennsylvania was not so free of their persons, because of their
persuasion, yet were as generous in their purse, as any of the
other colonies in carrying on the expedition.

Every thing now looked with a smiling aspect of success,
considering the powerful strength by land and sea, the former
being as fine regimental troops as any that belonged to the Duke
of Marlborough's army ; and the latter as serviceable ships as
any in the whole navy, which for better satisfaction I have here
inserted.

The Swiftzure, to lead with starboard.

The Monmouth, with the larboard tack aboard.

Ships' Nnmes.

Swiftzure,

Josepli

Taptains.

L Soans

Men.

444

Guns.

Sunderland,

Gore

365

Enterprize,

Smith

190

Sa])hire,

Cockburn

190

Windsor,

Artist

365

Kingstown,

Winder

365

Montague,

Walton

165

Devonshire,

Cooper

620

Edgar, Sr.

H. Walker

Admiral

470

Humber

Colliford

520

Dunkirk,

Rouse

365

Feversham,

Paston

196

Leopard,

Cook

280

Chester,

Mathews

280

Monmouth,

Mitchel

440

15 15 5351 890

The first harbor they made after they sailed from Nantasket,
was Cape Graspey, from thence they sailed up St. Lawrence

l^cnljalloto's fntiian Mars.

river, until they got up off the Virgin Mountains ; the weather
then proving foggy, and the wind freshening, the Admiral asked
the pilots what was best to do? who advised that as the fleet
was on the north shore, it would be best to bring to, with
their heads unto the southward, but he obstinately refusing,
acted the reverse, and ordered their heads unto the north, which
was so astonishing unto the pilots, that one and another fore-
told their fear (unto the officers) and the destiny that would at-
tend them before the morning; which accordingly fell out. For
at one of the clock, nine ships, with 1500 men were all cast
ashore, and most of the rest in as eminent danger; but so soon
as the former struck, they iired their guns, which gave caution
to the rest, some of which wore, and stood off ; others were so
encompassed by the breakers that they were obliged to bring to
their anchors, which was their last refuge ; but before the day
approached, the wind ha})pily shifted to W. N. W. upon which
they cut their cables, and came to sail. Soon after, a council of
war was called, but the result not known until the evening,
and then the flag bore away to Spanish River, w^ithout giving
the usual signal ; on which many of the windward ships were
left behind; but a small man of war was ordered to cruise the
next day for those that were left, and to take up such as might
be alive among the dead, who were about six hundred. After
this, they made towards the fleet, but were eight days in get-
ting down ; during which time the Avind was eastwardly, and
had our fleet proceeded, (as it were to be wished they had)
might easily have got unto Quebec in forty-eight hours.

Upon this disaster, the whole country (and indeed the nation)
was alarmed, and many censures and jealousies arose, some im-
puting it to cowardice, but most to treachery, and the secret in-
fluence of some malcontents then at helm ; otherwise why would
a matter of such vast importance to the British kingdom, be

^enljalloiD^s Inbian fflSKars.

hushed up in silence, and the principal officers not summoned
to appear? It the Admiral was in fault, wherefore was he not
called to an account ? Or why did not the General, to vindicate
himself, lay a remonstrance befcn-e the council board? And the
pilots, (who were ordered from hence at so great a charge to the
country, to represent matters in a true light) been examined?
But instead thereof, dismissed without being asked one question.
However, one thing is remarkable, that among those that were
shipwrecked, and lost their lives, there was but one single person
that belonged to New-England among them.

Colonel Nicholson at this juncture was industriously engaged
in getting the batteaux ready for passing the lake with a consid-
erable number of friend Indians, as well ns English, for the at-
tack of Montreal, which next to Quebec, was the place of great-
est imjDortance in all the French territories. But just as he
was ready to embark, an express came and gave an account of
the miserable disaster that befel the fleet : whereas, if he had
proceeded, his whole army would probably have been cut off;
for upon advice of our fleet's misfortune, the French drew off
all their auxiliaries, [ind most of their militia to reinforce Mon-
treal, being advised of the descent that was making on them.
So great was our loss in this enterprise, that it affected the whole
country seven years after; as the advance and expense of so
much money and provisions might well do. And it as much
flushed the enemy : for out of the ruins of our vessels they not
only got much plunder, but fortified their castle and out batte-
ries, with a considerable number of cannon. They moreover
stirred up the French and Indians about Annapolis Royal to
revolt from their allegiance to the crown. Capt. Pidgeon being
ordered up the river for timber to repair the fort, was violently
attacked by no less than one hundred and fifty, who killed the
whole boat's crew, wounded the fort major, and afterwards Nery

72 t

iPenftalloto's I-nbian 3!Mavs.

barbarously murdered him. They also slew Capt. Forbia, Iho
engineer, besides several others, and took thirty-four of them
prisoners. Soon after this, we were informed of the arrival oi
our British forces in England, on the 9th of October, at Ports-
mouth, where on the IStli following, the Admiral's ship, the Kc\-
gar, was accidentally blown up, with 4(X) seamen and sc\'eral
other people on board, all the oflRcers being on shore.

The reduction of Canada waa a matter of great consequonw,
not only to the interest of New-England and the adjacent colo-
nies ; but also to the whole British empire. Not that in itself
it is of such intrinsic value ; for that the cold is so great, and
the ice so rigid, as to embargo it more than half the year. But
as the ingenious Mr. Dummer observes, in a letter of his to a
noble lord in the year 1712, the consequence would be very val-
uable ; for as it extends above one thousand leagues towards
the Mississippi, it would require a vast consum]>tion yearly of
the English manufacture to support it ; there being so great a
number of several nations that live behind, which bring down
vast quantities of furs of all sorts, as amount to an incredible
sum. But her Majesty's royal aim, as he notes, was not so im-
mediately to advance a trade, as the security and peace of her
good subjects in North America; being thoroughly apjirized
that so long as the French inhabit there, so long the English
would be in hazard.

The Hudson's Bay Comi-)any, as w^ell as Newfoundland, have
given a melancholy account of the many ravages that have been
committed there by the powerful assistance of those savages. I
am not insensible that many have blamed New-England, and
cast the odium wholly on them for not succeeding in this enter-
prize ; but why New-England should be branded with such in-
famy, I never could yet hear the grounds, or any reason as-
signed, but what sprung from some capricious brains, who were

lUcntalloto's hxt^ian MUx^,

'#73

no well wishers either to the cause or countrv, and woiikl stis'-
matize us if possible, as enemies to the church, and disloyal to

But why enemies to the church? or wlierein is

our sovereign.

it that we diifer from them ? save only in the ceremonies, which
none of them will allow to be essential. We indeed are called
dissenters ; but many of those that are of the church, dissent
more from one another than we do : for what Ave differ from, is,
(as they themselves term it) only in matters of indifferency ; but
many of them are dissenters from their own articles of faith.
Is not our own doctrine the same ? the Sabbath as strictly sol-
emnized ? and our mode of worship as agreeable to the prima-
tive constitution, as any other church in the world ? Not but
that we have degenerated from the pious steps of our forefathers,
yet I am bold to say, that as to number, there are as many sin-
cere and good people in New-England as in any one part of the
world. But I beg pardon for this digression, which is only to
wipe off the calunmy that is too often cast upon us. Now as to
our loyalty, such pregnant instances may be given thereof, as
will be surprizing to posterity. Witness our generous and no-
ble undertaking in the reduction of Port Royal under Sir
William Phips ; and after that, in the year 1G90, in our descent
on Canada, where we lost many hundred brave men, and at our
own cost expended upwards of one hundred and forty thousand
pounds in money, without any allowance or assistance from the
Crown. After this, a new descent on Port Royal, which although
we miscarried in that also, yet as Mr. Dummer observes, we
were not dispirited in raising another body of troops under the
command of Colonel Nicholson. And all this under the oppres-
sion of twenty years war before, by the French and Indians.
Yet in the last fatal expedition, we supplied more than our quota
which the Queen assigned ; besides, great sums were advanced

to furnish the British forces, which but few towns in the kingdom

7«#

)Penl)aUoU)'0 hitian WLat^.

of England were able to effect; and none could do it with
greater alacrity and cheerfulness of spirit than we did.

In the history of Sir Sebastian Cabot,* which I before hinted,
we were informed that he took the great ri\ er of St. Lawrence
for the crown of Great Britain, in the reign of King Henry the
seventh, which, according to the French historians, coutains
almost 2000 miles in length and 840 in breadth, situate between
the 39th and 64th degrees of north latitude, which takes in Aca-
dia, Newfoundland and Terra De Labrador. This great terri-
tory, in the beginning of the last century, by the contrivance of
some then at helm, was taken possession of by the French, who
since that, have made many fine settlements, more especially at
Montreal and Quebec. The latter is called a city commanded
by a castle, which stands on an eminence, in which are five
churches, a cathedral, a bishop and twelve prebendaries. Our
unhappy disappointment against Canada gave great uneasiness
to the country, and was matter of fear lest new rei)risals would
be made on the out-skirts ; wherefore it was determined that
Colonel Walton with one hundred and eighty men, should go to
Penobscot and the adjacent territories, where he burnt two fish-
ing vessels, (that were preparing to come upon us early in the
spring) and took several captives, with some plunder.

But New-England at this time was not alone insulted. The
Jesuits were every way endeavoring to stir up the Indians, and
at last did influence them to make a descent on the borders of
Virginia, where they murdered a great many of the Palatines :
upon which, a considerable number was raised, who went in
quest of them, and destroyed four towns, besides a great many
whom they took prisoners. Some of them were supposed to be
the Senecas, who are a branch of the Five Nations. Another
tribe called the Choctaws,t made many incursions on Carolina ;

[ * Cobbet, in the copy.

t Shacktaus, in the copy,]

iPcntjalloUj's Irutiian Slffilais,

upon which Col. Gibs, the Governor, commissioned Capt. Tin st-
ings, and B , the Indian Emperor, who was in league

with the English; as also Capt. Welch, with l!n' assistance of
the Chickasaw* Indians, to fall on them in several parts, and
in a little time got to their head-quarters, where the enemy in
three divisions endeavoured to surround them, V)ut after a smart
engagement, received a i)erfcct overthrow, which was followed
with the burning and destroying four hundred houses or wig-
wams. The friend Indians appeared bold and active, but for
want of discipline and a good regulation, did not the service that
otherwise they might. After this. Col. Barnwell went in pur-
suit of another nation called the Tuskarora.:,,! and entirely routed
them.

I now return to our frontiers, where at Exeter, April 16th,
1712, they killed Mr. Cuningham as he was travelling the road
from Mr. Hilton's to Exeter. After this, they shot Samuel
Webber between York and Cape Neddick : others fell on seve-
ral teams in Wells, where tliev slew three and wounded as
many more. One of the slain was Lieut. Littlefield, who a little
before was redeemed out of captivity, and a person very much
lamented. Soon after, they appeared in the middle of the town,
and carried away two from thence. They went to Spruce Creek,
where they killed a boy, and took another, and then went to
York, but being pursued, made their escape. Another party
fell on the upper branch of Oyster river, where they shot Jere-
miah Cromett, and three miles higher, burnt a saw mill with a
great many thousand of boards. Next day, they slew Ensign
Tuttle at Tole-End,$ and wounded a son of Lieut. Herd's as he
stood sentinel. May 14th, about thirty French and Indians who
had a design on York, surprized a scout of ours as they were
marching to Cape Neddick, where they slew Sergeant Nalton,

[ ■=■ Chicknha, in the copy.

f TnsknrorAhMi in the copy.

J Tn DoTer. ]

76'

iPcnfjalloU)'s fnbian WLar'^

and took seven besides : the remainder fought on a retr':at till
they got to a rock, which tor some time proved a good barrier
to them, and there continued until they were relieved by the
vigilant care of Capt. Willard. About this time, fifty of our
English who went up Merrimack river returned, with the good
account of eight Indians that they had slain, and of considera-
ble plunder besides which they had taken, without the loss of
one man.

June 1st, they again came to Spruce Creek, where they shot
John Pickernell as he was locking his door, and going to the
garrison ; they also wounded his wifci and knocked a child on
the head, which they scal[)cd, yet afterwards it recovered. Two
days after they were seen at Amesbury, then at Kingston, where
they wounded Ebenezer Stevens and Stephen Gilman, the latter
of which they took alive and inhumanly murdered. After this,
they killed one at Newiehawanick and on July 18th, fell on a
company at Wells, where they slew another and took a Negro
captive, who afterwards made his escape. The Sabbath after,
they endeavoured to intercept the people at Dover as they came
from worship ; upon which a scout was sent in pursuit, but made
no discovery. Yet in the intermitting time, they took two child-
ren * from Lieut. Heard's garrison, and not having time to scalp
them, cut off both their heads, and carried them away. There
was not a man at that time at home; however, one Esther
Jones supplied the place of several ; for she courageously ad-
vanced the watch box, crying aloud, 'here they are, come on,
come on ; ' which so terrified them as to make them draw off,
without doing any further mischief. The enemy at this time
were thought to be very numerous, for they appeared in many
parties, which occasioned an additional number to be left to
cover the fronteirs, under the command of Capt. Davis, whose

[ " Belonging to John Waldron. See 1 Belkntif, 284. ]

]|en{)alloU)'s {nliian SSlats.

# 77

vigilant caro (through the blessing of God on it) kept them from
doing any further mischief. September 1st, they killed John
Spencer, and wounded Dependunce Stover.* At this time, a
sloop from Placentia, with forty-five French and Indians, was
cruising on our coast, which Captain Carver observing, gave her
chaae, and took her. But our fishery at Cape Sables, through
the defect of the guard-shi[), were great sutlcrers, where no less
than twenty fell into their hands.

The last action that happened (of any moment) this war, was at
Mr. Plaisted's marriage with Capt. Wheelwright's daughter of
Wells, where happened a great concourse of people, who, as they
were preparing to mount in order to their return, found two of
their horses missing; upon which, Mr. Downing, with Isaac
Cole and others, went out to seek them ; but before they had
gone many rods, the two former were killed, and the others
taken. The noise of the guns soon alarmed the guests, and
Capt. Lane, Capt. Robinson and Capt. Heard, with several
others mounted their horses, ordering twelve soldiers in the
mean time to run over the field, being the nearer way ; but be-
fore the horsemen got far, they were ambushed by another
party, who killed Capt. Robinson, and dismounted the rest ; and
yet they all escaped except the bridegroom, who in a few days
after was redeemed by the prudent care of his father, at the ex-
pense of more than three hundred pounds. Capt. Lane and
Capt. Harmon mustered what strength they could, and held a
dispute with them some time, but there was little or no execu-
tion done on either side.

Not long after this, we had advice of a suspension of arms
between the two crowns, which the Indians being apprized of,
came in with a flag of truce, and desired a treaty. Their first
application was to Capt. Moody at Casco, desiring that the

[«• Probably Storer.]

78 #

|3cntanoto's Intiian Wiaxs.

conference might be there; but the governor not willing so far
to condescend, ordered it to be at Portsmouth, where they ac-
cordingly met July 11th, 1713, three delegates fi ":r\ St. John's,
three from Kennebeck, including the other settlements from
Penacook, Amasacontee, Norridgcwoc, Saco, and all other adja-
cent ])laces ; where articles of pacification were drawn up, which
I have hereunto annexed, viz. :

" Whereas, for some years last past, we have made a breach
of our fidelity and loyalty to the crown of Great Britain, and
have made open rebellion against her Majesty's subjects, the
English inhabiting the Massachusetts, New-Hampshire, and
other her Majesty's territories in New-England ; and being now
sensible of the miseries which we and our people are reduced
unto thereby ; we whose names are hereunto subscribed, being
delegates of all the Indians belonging to Norridgewoc, Nara-
hamegock, Amnsocontce, Pigwacket, Penacook, rivers of St.
John's and Merrimack, parts of her Majesty's provinces of the
Massachusetts Bay, and New-Hampshire, within her Majesty's
sovereignty, having made application to his Excellency Joseph
Dudley, Es([., Captain General and Governor in Chief in and
over the "aid provinces, that the troubles which we have unhap-
pily raised or occasioned against her Majesty's subjects the Eng-
lish and ourselves may cease and have an end ; and that we
may again enjoy her Majesty's grace and favour. And each of
us respectively for ourselves, and in the names and with the free
consent of all the Indians belonging to the several places and
rivers aforesaid, and all other Indians within the said provinces
of the Massachusetts Bay, and New-Hampshire, hereby ac-
knowledging ourselves the lawful subjects of our sovereign lady
Queen Anne, and promising our hearty submission and obe-
dience to the Crov/n of Great Britain, do solemnly covenant,
promise and agree with the said Joseph Dudley, Governor, and

^pen^allob's Inbian Mars*

all such as shall be hereafter in the place of Captain General
and Governor in Chief of the said ])rovinces and territories on
her Majesty's behalf, in form following ; that is to say, that at
all times forever, from and after the date of these presents, wo
will cease and forbear all acts of hostility towards all the sub-
jects of Great Britain, and not offer the least hurt or violence to
them or any of them in their persons and estates ; but will hence-
forth hold and maintain a firm and constant amity and friend-
ship with all the English, and will never entertain any treasona-
ble conspiracy with any other nation to their distnrbance : that
her Majesty's subjects the English shall, and may quietly and
peaceably enter upon, improve and forever enjoy all and singu-
lar the rights of land and former settlements, properties and
possessions within the eastern parts of said provinces of the
Massachusetts Bay and JSTew-Hampshire, together with the
islands, inlets, shores, beaches, and fishery within the same,
without any molestation or claim by us or any other Indians ;
and be in no wise molested or disturbed therein ; saving unto the
Indians their own ground, and free liberty of hunting, fishing,
fowling, and all other lawful liberties and privileges, as on the ele-
venth day of August, in the year of our Lord, one thousand six
hundred and ninety-three : that for mutual safety and benefit,
all trade and commerce which hereafter may be allowed betwixt
the English and the Indians, shall be only in such places, and
under such management and regulation, as shall bo stated by
her Majesty's government of the said provinces respectively.

"And to prevent mischiefs and inconveniencies, the Indians
shall not be allowed for the present, or until they have liberty
from the respective governments, to come near unto any Eng-
lish plantations or settlements on this side of Saco River.

" That if any controversy or difference hap[)en hereafter, to
and betwixt any of the English and the Indians for any real or

llcntalloto's Intiian fflffitars.

supposed wrong or injury done on the one side or the other, no
private revenge shall be taken by the Indians for the same, but
proper application shall be made to her Majesty's governments
upon the place for remedy thereof in due course of justice ; we
hereby submitting ourselves to be ruled and governed by her
Majesty's laws, and desire to have the protection and benefit of
the same.

" We confess that we have, contrary to all faith and justice,
broken our articles with Sir William Phips, Governor in the
year of our Lord God 1693, and with the Earl of Bellamont in
the year 1699.

" And the assurance wa gave to his excellency Joseph Dudley,
Esq. in the year of our Lord God, 1702, in the month of Au-
gust, and 1703, in the month of July, notwithstanding we have
been well treated by the said governors. But we resolve for
the future, not to be drawn into any perfidious treaty or cor-
respondence, to the hurt of any of her Majesty's subjects of the
crown of Great Britain ; and if we know any such, we will sea-
sonably reveal it to the English.

"Wherefore, we whose names are hereunto subscribed, dele-
gates for the several tribes of Indians belonging to the river
of Kennebeck, Ameriscoggin, St. John's, Saco, Merrimack, and
the parts adjacent, being sensible of our great offence and folly
in not complying with the aforesaid submission and agreements,
and also the sufferings and mischiefs that we have thereby ex-
posed ourselves unto, do in all humble and submissi^'^e manner,
cast ourselves upon her Majesty for mercy and pardon for all
our past rebellions, hostilities, and violations of our promises ;
praying to be received unto her Majesty's grace and favor.

" And for and on behalf of ourselves, and all other the Indi-
ans belonging to the several rivers and places aforesaid, within
the sovereignty of her Majesty of Great Britain, do again

iPenftalloto's fntrian Wiaxs.

acknowledge, and confess our hearty and sincere obedience unto
the Crown of Great Britain, and do solemnly renew, and confirm
all and every of the articles and agreements contained in the
former and present submission.

" This treaty to be humbly laid liefore her Majesty for her
ratification and further order. In witness whereof, we the dele-
gates aforesaid, by name Kizebenuit, Iteansis, and Jackoid for
Penobscot, Josej)h and yEneas for St. Johns, Warrueensit, Wada-
canaquin, and Bomazeen for Kennebeck, have hereunto set our
hands and seals this 13th day of July, 1713.
Signed, Sealed and delivered
in the presence of us,

Edmund Qiiinci/,
Spencer Phips,
Wm. Dud let/,
Shad. Walton,
Josiah Willard,
ike.

Signum
Signum

Kirebenuit
Warraeensitt

Signum

Bomaseen

Signum
Signum
Signum

^
^

■&

Wadacanaquin

JEneas
Iteansis

Signum

Jackoid

Signum

Joseph."

iPentalloto's Indian aSEars.

Province of New-Hampshire.

The submission and pacification of the eastern Indians, was
made and done the thirteenth day of July, 1713, Annoque
Regni Regina? nunc Magnre Brittania3 duodecimo.

Present, his Excellency Joseph Dudley, Esq., Captain General
and Governor in Chief, in and over her Majesty's provinces of
the Massachusetts Bay and New-Hampshire in New-England,
and Vice- Admiral of the same.

Counsellors of the Massachusetts.

Samuel Sewall, Jonathan Corwin, Penn Townsend, John Ap-
pleton, John Higginson, Andrew Belcher, Thomas Noyes,
Samuel Appleton, Ichabod Plaisted, John Wheelwright, and
Benjamin Lynde, Esquires.

Counsellors of Neiu- Hampshire.

William Vaughan, Peter Coffin, Robert Elliot, Richard Wal-
dron, Nathaniel Weare, Samuel Penhallow, John Plaisted, Mark
Hunking and John Wentworth, Esquires.

For a further ratification of this tre?>'y, several gentlemen
of both governments went from Portsmouth to Casco, where a
great body of Indians were assembled, to know the result of
matters : it being a custom among them on all such occasions,
to have the whole of their tribes present ; having no other re-
cord of conveying to posterity, but what they communicate from
father to son, and so to the son's son. When the several arti-
cles were read and explained, by interpreters upon oath, (the
delegates being present) they signified an unanimous consent
and satisfaction, by loud huzzas and acclamations of joy. Many
presents were then made them, which were thankfully received,
and every tribe had their proportion given out ; but they were
so disorderly, that Mauxis (although he was the Sagamore in

i3enf)allob's hitian WLaxs,

all the eastern parts) was robbed by the morning of all he had ;
upon which he made a miserable complaint unto the English
next day, of the unruliness of his young men, who had stolen
away all he had, therefore, begged a new supply. But although
their government is so anarchical, and their chiefs have so little
respect and honour sheAvn them, yet in their council they ob-
serve a very excellent decorum ; not suffering any to speak but
one at a time, which is delivered with such a remarkable pathos
and surprising gravity, that there is neither smile nor whisper
to be observed, until he that speaks has finished his discourse,
who then sits down, and after that another rises up.

The peace thus concluded and so firmly ratified, gave matter
of encouragement to the eastern inhabitants for re-settling their
former habitations ; who were also countenanced and assisted
by the government, even from Cape Porpoise to Kennebeck
river, where several gentlemen who had large tracts of land,
granted a hundred acres to every one for encouragement that
would go and settle ; supporting a minister besides (for some
time) and employed a sloop at their own charge for carrying and
re-carrying the inhabitants with their stock ; which gave so great
encouragement that several towns began to be settled, as Bruns-
wick,^' Topsham, Augusta, Georgetown, &c., in which a great
many fine buildings were erected, with several saw-mills, &c.

A fishery was also undertaken by the ingenious Doctor Noyes,
where twenty vessels were employed at a time. He aftejwavds
built a stone garrison at Augusta at his own charge, which was
judged to be the best in the eastern country ; aiid for a while
was kept at the public cost, but afterwards slight. . ; which oc-
casioned the inhabitants to withdraw, and then the Indians
burnt it with several other houses.

[ • BromBwick, in the copy. This town wm settled as early as 1675, by a Mr. Purchase, who lived near the
head of Steven's rivet and traded vith the IndiaDS, of whom he obtained grants of land ; bat the first settlements
here were broken up in 1676. — Mlivan 177.

i3enftalloU)'s Intiian Mars.

In Kennebeck river, the Sturgeon fishery was also begun and
carried on with so great success, that many thousand kegs were
made in a season, and esteemed as good as any that ever came
from Hambrough or Norway : besides vast quantities of pipe
staves, hogshead and barrel, pine boards, plank, and timber of
all sorts, which were not only transported to Boston, but to
foreign places. Husbandry also began to thrive, and great
stocks of cattle were raised.

The French missionaries perceiving the growth of these
plyntations, soon animated the Indians to disrest them, by in-
sinuating that the land was theirs, and that the English invaded
\ Adir properties ; which was a vile and wrong suggestion, for
that their couAcyances were from the ancient Sagamores, it
^ ast seventy years before ; and the proprietors did not settle so
hi^k up by several miles as ^vas formerly possessed by their
predecessors.

However the Indians could not be satisfied, but so threatened
the inhabitants, that many withdrew, and others were discour-
aged from going to settle. Soon after, they killed many of their
cattle, and committed manv other outrajres.

No sooner was this advice brought unto his Excellency,
Samuel Shute, Esq., who was now Captain General and Gover-
nor in Chief, in and over the provinces of the Massachusetts Bay,
and New-Hampshire, &c., (and one zealously affected for the in-
terest of tne country) but he appointed a Congress at Arrowsick,
in Kenuebeck river, in August, 1717, where a great number of
Indians, with the cl iefs jf every tribe accordingly met. And
some of the principal gentlemen of both provinces accompanied
his Excellency to the place appointed. The complaints on each
side being impartially heard and debated, the original deeds
from the ancient Sagamores were produced and explained, hav-
ing interpreters on oath. The articles drawn up and signed in

\f[

^^-

?3nxijalloU)'i3 fntrian Mavs*

the year 1713, were again rc.\ 1 and ratified, to the seeming sat-
isfaction of the in'inc'ii);il Sachems, who inclined to peace ; and
imputed the hite miscarriages unto the young men, but were
now resolved on a tirm harmony, and would in no respect vio-
late the former treaties. Upon this, his Excellency made them
several presents, which they thankfully received, and in ac-
knowledgment thereof, returned him a 1)elt of wampum, with
some beaver skins. After this, they drank the King's health,
and promised allegiance to tlie Crown of Great Britain, so that
every thing had now the promising aspect of a lasting peace.
One thing I cannot here omit: three days after our dej)arture,
a number of Indians went a Duck-hunting, which was a season
of the year that the old ones generally shed their feathers in, and
the young ones are not so well flushed as to be able to fly ; they
drov^e them like a flock of sheep before them into the creeks,
where without either powder or shot they killed at one time,
four thousand and six hundred ; for they followed them so close,
that they kncx'ked them down with billets and paddles, and sold
a great number of them to the English for a penny a dozen,
which is their practice yearly, though they seldom make so
great a slaughter at once. But before two years were expired,
they again began to insult the inhabitants, being spurred on by
the Jesuits, Avhich occasioned a scout of lifty or sixty men to be
sent out, who kept them in some awe. But in the year 1720,
they began to be more insolent, and appeared in greater bodies ;
upon which, Colonel Walton was ordered with about two
hundred men to guard the frontiers, and was after that ap-
pointed with Capt. Moody, Harmon, Penhallow, and Wain-
wright, to send their Chiefs for satisfaction for the late hostili-
ties which they had done in killing the cattle, &c. The Indians,
fearing the event, promised to pay two hundred skins, and for
their fidelity to deliver up four of their young men as hostages.

ilrryalloto's hxtian WiaxB.

After this, they became tolerably quiet, but in the spring grew
as insolent as before ; especially in Kennebeck, where, some time
in July, they came with ninety canoes on the Padishal's island,
which lies opposite to Arrowsick, and sent to speak with Capt.
Penhallow, who fearing an intrigue, refused. Upon which, one
hundred and liftv of them went over to him, with whom he held
a conference ; es])ecially with Monsieur Delachase,* and Sebas-
tian Halle, who were Jesuits ; Monsieur Crozen from Canada,
and St. Casteenf from Penobscot, came also along with them,
who brought a letter for governor Sliute, in behalf of the several
tribes, importing, that if the English did not remove and quit
their land in three weeks, they would burn their houses and kill
them, as also their cattle. Upon this, an additional number of
soldiers were sent under the command of Col. Thaxter and
Lieut. Col. Goft'e ; and several gentlemen of the council were
also api)ointed to inquire into the ground of these tumults,
and, if possible, to renew the pacification ; who accordingly went
and sent scouts to call the Indians in, but they slighted the mes-
sage with derison. Hereupon, the soldiers were ordered to con-
tinue, and reinforce the garrisons that winter. But in the sum-
mer, they renewed their insults, and on the 13th of June, 1722,
about sixty of them, in twenty canoes, came and took nine fami-
lies in Merrymeeting Bay, most of which they afterwards set at

[ <■ Probably Father Do La Chasso, aftorwards Superior General of the inii^sions to Now Frauce. — Vol. 1 N.
H. Hut. Sob. col.]

[t Baron Do St. Castine, a very extraordinary character. According to Voltalro, and tlie Abbe Raynal, he
had been Colonel of the regiment of Coriagon, in France. Ho was a man of family and fortune: became to
America in 1G70, and settled among the I'enoUsrot Indians, married a daughter of the Chief, and bad soveral other
wives. By the treaty of liredn, the territory beyond the Penobscot was ceded to France, and Castine lived within
that country. Some difficulty arose about a cargo of Wine, which was landed in the country, and a new line was
ran by the English, by which the place of landing, together with Castine's lands, was taken within the English
Claim. Andross, in bin expedition before named, plundered Castine's house of everything valuable, in his absence.
This base act so exasperateil him, that he used bis exertions to inflame the Indians against the English, which he
eflectually <iid, and their chief supplies of arms and ammunition wero furnished by him. He had an estate in
France, to which he retired when the French lost their possessions in that part of the country. See SnUi'ran'f
Hitl. ofSfaint.pp. 93, 1,58, 220.— VoJ. 1 Hiat. of N. Unmpthire, pji. 195, 190.

If we name this war from those that (occasioned it, we may call it Castine's war ; but thu French, perhaps,
would call it Andrv'<s' war.— Drai«'r French aiul Inxlian Wan, p. 164.]

l|)cnt)allo\D's jrntiian (LilEars.

liberty, but sent Mr. llnmiltoii, L(»v(», llnndson, Troscot and
Edgar to Canada; who, witli ,o;roat difliculty and oxpon.so, after-
wards got clear. They tlien made a descent on St. (j}e()r«»:es, where
they burnt a sloop, took several i)risoners, and tought tlie o:arri-
son some time; and in a montli after, came a i^nvater body from
Penobscot, who killed live, and en.t>-ao;t>(l the fort twelve days ;
being very much eneouraued by the iniluence of the Friar that
was with them. ]}ut lindin<>- they could make no ^reat impres-
sion, endeavoured to undermine it, and had made a considcral)le
progress therein, till upon the falling of much rain, the trenches
caved in, which caused the siege to Ijreak up, with the loss of
twenty of them in the engag(Miient, as we were afterwards in-
formed. About the same time, Capt. Samuel with five others
boarded Lieut. Tilton, as he lay at anchor a fishing, near Da-
maris Cove. They [)inioned him and his brother, and beat them
very sorely : but at last, one got clear and released the other,
who then fell with great fury U]»on the Indians, threw one over-
board, and mortally wounded two more.

Capt. Savage, (7a])t l?lin, and Mr. Ncnvton, who at this time
were coming from Annapolis, and knew nothing of their ravages,
went into Passamaquoddv for water. Thev were no sooner
ashore, but found themselves henmied in by a body of Indians,
the French basely standing by and suffering it. They wanted
to divide the cargo of the sloop among them, and at last sent
Capt. Savage on board to jirocure some ransom. But the wind
rising, he was forced oif, and made the best of his way to ]5os-
ton. Those that he left (after some difficnilty and expense) were
released.

Capt. Harmon, w^ho w\as noAv in Kennebeck, went up the river
with a detachment of thirty-four men, and seeing some fires,
went ashore in the night, whore he came (m eleven canoes. The
Indians were lying round the fire, and so wearied, by much

^mftallob's Jiiliian J!8lavg(.

dancing tho day before, upon the .success they had, that they
stumbled over them as they lay asle(»p. Reports were various
as to tho number of Indians that were then .sinin ; some say
eighteen, others not so many : however, they brought away fif-
teen guns; ind at a little distance, found the hand of an Eng-
lishman laid on the stuni]) of a tree, and his body mangled after
a barbarous manner ; having his tongue, nose, and private parts
cut oft". They brought away the body, and gave it a decent bu-
rial. It was found to be the body of Moses Eaton, of Sa-
lisbury.

In this brave attemi)t of Capt. Harmon, which \vas effected
in ten minutes, we lost not one man ; yet at the same time a
great body of Indians lay near, who being startled at the noise
that was made, arose and fired several guns, but did no damage.*

The country at this time was in a surprizing ferment, and
generally disposed to a war ; but the governor and council could
not readily come into it, considering the vast ex})ense and effu-
sion of blood that would unavoidably follow. Besides, some
wore not satisfied with the lawfulness of it at this time : for al-
though they believed the Indians to be very criminal in many
respects, yet were of opinion that the English had not so punctu-
ally observed tho pro.iiises made to them of trading-houses for
the benefit of commerce and trafiick, and for the preventing of
frauds and extortions, too common in the private dealings of the
English with them. But the grand abuse to them is the selling

[ ♦ About tho year 1720, Capt. Thomas Bukor of >'orthampton, In the county of Hampshire, in Massachusetts,
sat oft' with a scouting party of thirty. four men, piwspd up Connecticut river, and crossed the height of land to
Pemigewassot river. He there discovered a party of Indians, whose Sachom was called WalternummuH, whom he
attac)<ed and destroyed, Balcer and the Sachem levpllod and discharged th^ir guns at each other at the same
instant. Th« ball from the Indian's gun grazed Baiter's left eyebrow, but did him no injnry. The ball from
Baiter's gun went through the breajt of the Sachem. Immediately upon being wounded, he leaped four or flve
feet high, and then fell instantly dead. The Indians fled to the riyer ; Baker and his party pursued, and destroyed
every one of thom. They had a wigwam on the bank of the river, which was nearly filled with beaver. Baker's
party took as much of it as they could curry away, und burned the rest. Baker lost none of his men in this
skirmish. It took place at the confluonce of a small river with the Pemigewasset, between Flymoath and
Campton, which has since had the name of Baker's river.— Fon<»«r't <t Moore t OoUectio>u, Yol III, p. 100,

ll)cuf)allob3's {utiiau UXax^,

of stronij^ drink to tlicin, wliicli has occasioned nuu-li (|unrrel
liiis;" and .sin, jind tlio lo.s.s (»f ni.iny lives, to the oreat scandal of
Teli«^i(>n a)id reproach of the couiiti'v. His excellency was sensi-
ble of the ])roniises that he made to them at the ti'eaty of jiacili-
cation, which he failed not to lay before the u'eneral assend)ly;
but he met with so much opixtsition that nothinu: could he ef-
fected. The lindinu' an Arnnturer al the i»ublic cliar^'e, was
also enuaiied, hut nothini;- was done therein ; so that the Indians
Were full of resentments, and tlion^lit themselves wronge<l. Yet
all this- ''mc, they made no application unto the government for
redrew, which they ought to have done by the articles of agree-
ment, but broke forth into h<UM'id and (;ruel outrages, by burn-
ing, killing, and destroying. At last tlie (iovernor, by repeated
addresses from the people, was obliged to call the Couiudl to-
gether to concert what was ])ro[)er to be done, who aih ised to
the ])roclaiming an o[)en war. ]]ut their not consulting before-
hand with the other governments, was certainly a great over-
sight ; who i)robably Avould have come into it, and thereby have
helped to support the charge, which now lay wholly on the Mas-
sachusetts and New-Hampshire.

Proclamation.

"Whorens the Indians inlmliitinj^ the eastern parts of this province, notwithstanding
their repented i-iilinussions to his ^Majesty's crown and frovernment, their piiMick and solemn
treaties and <'nirai!;ements entered into with tlie f^overnnient here established, to demean
themselves peaceably and amicably towards his Majesty's good subjects of this province;
and notwithstaiidinj; the kind and jujood trcutnieiit they have received from the government,
have for some years last past appeared in considerable numbers in an hostile manner, and
given disturbance to his Majesty's subjects in the eastern parts of this province, killing their
cattle and threatening destruction to their jtersons and estates; and in abuse of the lenity
and forbearance of the government, have lately with the utmost injustice and treachery pro-
ceeded to plunder, despoil, and take captive many of his Majesty's good subjects, to assault,
take, burn, and destroy vessels upon the seacoasts, and houses and mills upon the land; to
wound some, and in a most barbarous and cnicl manner to murder others, of the inhabi-
tants of this province; and in a way of ojien reliellion and hostility, to make an audacious
and furious assault upon one of his Majesty's forts when tho King's colors were flying.
8*

IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)

1.0

I.I

^ %i^ 12.0

■it

2.5
2.2

11.25 nil 1.4

III

1.6

-►

Hiotographic

Sciences

Corporation

'^^

>▼. <*.>.

23 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, N.Y. MS«0

(716) 873-4503

Ilill^F^:

^leuftallotD's Intrian Mars,

" I do therefore, by and with the advice of his Majesty's council, hereby declare and
proclaim the said eastern Indians, with their confederates, to be robbers, traitors, and ene-
mies to his Majesty King George, his crown and dignity, and that they be henceforth pro-
ceeded against as such ; willing and requiring all his Majesty's good subjects, as they shall
have opportunity, to do and execute all acts of hostility against them ; hereby also for-
bidding all his Majesty's good subjects to held any correspondence with the said Indians, or
to give, aid, comfort, succor or relief unto them, on penalty of the laws in that case made
and provided. And whereas there be some of said Indians who have not been concerned
in the perfidious and barbarous acts before-mentioned, and many may be desirous to put
themselves under the protection of this government :

" To the intent, therefore, that the utmost clemency may be shewn to such, I do hereby
grant and allow them to come in and render themselves to the commanding officer of the
forces, or to the respective officer of any party or parties in the service ; provided it may
be within forty days from this time. And to the intent that none of our friend Indian"
may be exposed, or any rebels or enemy Indians may escape on pretence of being friends ;
I do hereby strictlj' forbid any of the said Indians to move out of their respective planta-
tions, or such other places whereto they shall be assigned, or to come into any English town
or district, within the colony of the Massachusetts Bay or the county of York, without be-
ing attended with such men as I shall appoint to oversee them, at their peril, and as they
tender their own safety. And further, I forbid all the friend Indians to hold communion
with, harbour or conceal any of the said rebels, or enemy Indians ; requiring them to seize
and secure all such that may come among them, and to delivor them up to justice.

"And all military commission-officers are hereby authorized and commanded to put
this declaration and order into execution.

GUven at the Council Chnmher in Boston the twenty-jijth of July^ 1722.

SAMUEL SHUTE.

Josiah Willard, Secri

God save the King."

The abovesaid declaration (for substance) was also given out
the week after, at the council chamber at Portsmouth, in the
province of New-Hampshire.

Now, although the settlements in Kennebeck were the first
that were molested, yet it is not to be supposed that the bent
of the enemies fury was on them alone, as some would insinu-
ate ; for at the same time they interrupted the fishery through-
out all Nova-Scotia. Many have reflected on the government
for suffering a fort to be at St. Georges, as if that did irritate
the Indians ; but why the proprietors might not make an im-
provement thereof, as well as any others on their right of pur-

iPenftalloto's Inbian WiaxB.

chase, I know not ; considering that it was granted from the
crown, and no exemption made at the treaty of peace. Yet at
the same time I must be free to say, that there was too great
indulgence at first in the government in suffering so many town-
ships at so great a distance to be hxid out at once, unless they
were more peopled ; which has since been the occasion not only
of a vast expense, but a great effusion of blood.

The number of vessels were about sixteen which the enemy
took at Can so, as they went into the harbors for their necessity ;
which so soon as governor Phillips was apprised of, he sum-
moned the several masters ashore with the sailors, and proposed
the fitting out of two sloops well manned, for recovering the ves-
sels and captives, which being approved of, he forthwith ordered
the drums to beat for volunteers, and in less than half a day,
fixed them out with about twentv men in each, under the com-
mand of Capt. Elliot and Capt. Robinson, who freely offered
their services ; but as Capt. Elliot out-sailed the other, he got
first to a harbor called Winpague, where he discovered some
vessels, and bore directly down upon them, till he came pretty
near. The Indians being flushed with success, and having
thirty-nine on board one of the vessels which they had took, and
seeing no more men on board the English than what was usual,
commanded them to strike for that they were their prize. Unto
whom Capt. Elliot replied that he was hastening to them ; and
in an instant called his men on deck, who fired on them with a
loud huzza, and clapped them on board; which was so sur-
prizing a salutation, that they made a most dreadful yelling.
However, they resisted as well as they could for about half an
hour, in which time Capt. Elliot received three wounds, when
Mr. Bradstreet, who commanded the soldiers, entered with hand-
grenadoes, most of the Indians jumped overboard, who were
shot in the water. Those that ran down into the hold, were

i^i.ifjalloU^'s iman WiaxB.

tore in pieces by the shells, so that only five escaped, who were
wounded. One of our men was killed, and several hurt, par-
ticularly the cur[)oral of the troops, who had five swan-shot in
his body. Capt. Elliot being ill of his wounds, was obliged to
return, carrying with him seven vessels into Canso, which he
re-took with fifteen captives, six hundred quintals of fish, and
two heads of the chiefs of those Indians that were among them.
Upon this the Governor ordered the same sloop back with a
fresh supply of men to reinforce Capt. Robinson, who in a week
after brought in two Indian scalps, a schooner and a sloop, which
they took at Mallegash.

After that he met with a Frenchman and an English captive,
who informed of a body of Indians and five vessels that lay at a
little distance, which he immediately went in pursuit of ; but
fearing the event, was not willing at the first to engage them,
but kept at some distance, and then three canoes with three In-
dians in each, double armed, drew near, one of which came on
board, as the rest lay on their paddles, whom they treated
friendly in expectation of a greater prize. But the Indian grow-
ing jealous attempted to escape, and presented his gun to Lieut.
Johnson's breast, which he putting by, shot him dead. Upon
this, they fired upon those in the canoes, and killed three. The
enemy was so numerous ashore, that he thought it not safe to
encounter them ; however he took one vessel. At this time they
had twenty of our English captives, but could not come to a fair
capitulation about their redemption. However, the Captain
warned them to use them well, for as we had thirty of theirs at
Annapolis, twenty at Boston, and as many more at Canso, as
they treated ours, so we would theirs. Mr. Bradstreet now
steered to the westward of the harbor, where Capt. Elliot had
the dispute before-mentioned, Avhere he re-took three vessels
more, but could see neither captive nor Indians. The day after.

^euljallobj^s tntiian Mlars,

Capt, Blin very happily arrived with a flag of truce and re-
deemed seven vessels and twenty-four captives, who otherwise
would have been put to death. From thence he sailed to the
Cape, and in his returning back, took three or four Indians,
which he carried to Boston. Capt. Southack being informed of
a small body that was then at Astagenash in the gulf of St.
Lawrence, where Monsieur Golden, the famous Friar, did reside,
had an intent to visit him ; but in his passage through the gut,
was happily diverted, where meeting with two canoes, in which
were six Indians, he killed one, and took the other five.

The general assembly not finding the former bounty sufii-
ciently encouraging to volunteers, now passed an act of one
hundred pounds a scalp to all such as supported themselves, and
whoever was subsisted by the publick, should have sixty pounds
for the like : that any company or troop issuing forth upon an
alarm, should over and above the establishment have thirty
pounds, and an encouraging reward besides, for all prisoners
that they took ; and whatever plunder might be taken should be
shared-among them. And if any volunteers or detached soldiers
should happen to be wounded or maimed in the service, that
during the continuance of such wound or maim, he shall be al-
lowed such a stipend or pension as the general court should
think fit to order.

September the 10th, we had a surprizing account from Arrow-
sick of four or five hundred Canada and Cape Sable Indians,
that fell upon them early in the morning, who probably would
have laid all desolate, had they not been seasonably discovered
by a small guard, which Capt. Penhallow was sending out for
assisting the neighborhood to gather in the corn ; who killed one
and wounded three more of the company : the report of which
guns did so alarm the inhabitants, that they, with most of their
substance, got seasonably into the garrison. Their first appear-

IPmfjalloto's iutrian Wars,

ance seemed terrible, considering their number, with the few-
ness of those that were to defend ; who fought the garrison some
time, and shot Samuel Brooking through a port-hole ; after that
they had killed fifty head of cattle, and burnt twenty-six dwel-
ling-houses. The same day, in the evening, came Col. Walton
and Capt. Harmon, with about thirty men in two whale-boats,
who, with those of Capt. Temple and Penhallow's men, (that
could be spared out of the garrisons) made about seventy, and
gave them battle some time : but the enemy were so numerous,
that they were like to have hemmed them in, had they not
fought upon a retreat.

In the night, they drew ofp, without much cause of triumph,
and went up the river, where they attacked Mr. Stratton, as he
was turning down in his sloop, whom thoy mortally wounded ;
and then went to Richmond, where some time they held a dis-
pute with the garrison, and afterwards drew off. The last that
fell this season w^as a man at Berwick.

His Excellency's affairs now calling him to Great Britain, the
government of the Massachusetts was wholly devolved on the
Honourable William Dummer, Esq. Lieut. Governor; during
whose administration, there were as many remarkable turns of
divine providence, (respecting the enemy) as have happened
since the war commenced ; whose prudence and good conduct
have made him acceptable unto all.

The first alteration that he made, was in commissionating
Col. Westbrook as Chief in the eastern affairs ; who, on the 10th
of February, marched to Penobscot, and Capt. Harmon at the
same time up Amerisjoggin* river, but neither of them had
any success, save burning their chapel and some wigwams.
Capt. Sayward, with a company of volunteers, went as far as the
White Hills, near one hundred miles into the enemies' country,
but met with the like misfortune.

[ -' Arannascoggin, in copy.]

ii ■

■i
i

?3eufjallob3's inbian Mars,

So soon as the spring advanced, they began to appear as fu-
rious as ever. At Scarborough, they killed Thomas Larabee
and his son : after that, Mrs. Dearing* and two soldiers, where
they also took Mary Scamond, John Hunuel, and Robert Jor-
dan. Another party came to Cocheco, where they slew Tristam
Head,f Joseph Ham, and carried three children captive. From
thence they went to Lamprey-Eel river, where they killed Aaron
Rawlins with one of his children, carr^dng away his wife and
three more with them. At JN'orthHeld, they shot two,{ and
meeting with the Reverend Mr. Willard of Rutland, they laid
violent hands upon him; but he being a person of courage
agreeable to his strength, he slew one and wounded another,
till at last they gave him the fatal stroke.^ Two of Ensign
Steven's sons were also killed, and two more carried captive.

Capt. Watkins, who at this time was engaged on a fishing
voyage at Canso, was surprized by a small body in the night
while abed. The day before he was at church, and it happened
that two ministers, in two different congregations, preached on
one and the same subject ; namely, preparing for sudden death;
not knowing how soon or in what manner death would attack

[* Mrs. Dearing was the wife of Roger Dearing, who lived on a farm since well known by the name of Notie-
tttch. Hutchinson informs us that the Indiana also took three of his children an they were picking berries, and
killed two other persons. — Vol. 1 N. H. JXist. Soc. col.]

[t Tristam Heard, says Dr. Belkntip.]

[ X These persons were killed ou the 14th of August.]

[g Kev. Joseph Willard graduated at Yale College, 1714, and was settled at Sunderland, from whence he re-
moved to Rutland, and on the 12th of July, 1721, was invited to settle in the ministry. The day of his installation
was deferred on account of the diacouragemonts of the times, till the fall of 172:j, when he was cut off by the enemy .
The following account of his death and other Indian depredations, is given by Sir. Whitney, in his Siitory of
Worceiler County.

As deacon Joseph Stevens and four of his sons wore making hay in a meadow, at Rutland, on the 14th of Au-
guit, 1723, they were surprized by five Indians. The father escaped in the bushes ; two of the sons were slain,
and two, Phineos and Isaac, were made prisoners. Two of the five Indians waylaid a Mr. Davis and son, who
that afternoon were making hay in a meadow not far off, but weary of waiting, they were returning to the others,
and met Mr. Willard in their way, who was armed. One of the Indians' guns missed flro, the others did no exe-
cution. Mr. Willard returned the fire and wounded one of them, it is said mortally ; the other clo.sed in with Mr,
Willard ; but he vould have been more than a match fur liiin, luid not the other three come to his assistance ; and
it was some considerable time before they killed Mr. Willard. Phineas Stevens, above montioned, was the cele-
brated warrior in the Cape Breton war : and Cue one who so bravely defended Ghariestown, N. H., ou the 4th of
April, 1747, when attacked by 400 French and Indians under Slons. Debelino.— T'u?. 1 A'. //. HiH Soe. col.]

iPnif)aIloU)'!5 h\t}\an fflSEars,

tlicm. His lodging was on an island at a little distance from
the fort, and although he was so strongly importuned by sev-
eral of his friends to stay with them that night, as if they had
a secret impulse of some impending evil ; yet all the arguments
they could use, could no ways prevail or influence him. He was
a gentleman of singular good temper, respected and lamented
by all that knew him. John Drew of Portsmouth (a pretty
youth) was slain with him, at the same time.

The delegates of the six nations of Iroquois, with the Mohe-
gan and Scatacook Indians, being disposed to come to Boston,
were kindly entertained there. And at a conference with the
General Assembly, signified a great concern for the blood that
was so often shed by their kinsmen and brethren ; that from the
original they were friends to the English, and as a testimony of
their continuing so, presented a belt of wampum ; which accord-
ing to their custom, is the renewing the covenant. His Honor
the Lieut. Governor, as an acknowledgment, gave each of them
a piece of plate, with figures engraven thereon, as a turtle, a bear,
a hatchet, a wolf, &c., which were the escutcheons of their sev-
eral tribes. And the more to oblige them to our interest, they
had a promise made of one hundred pounds a scalp for every
Indian that they killed or took ; which seemed so pleasing to
them that they manifested a readiness of taking up the hatchet
in favour of the English, whenever any hostility was made
against them. After this, they were entertained with the cu-
rious sight of a gun that was made by the ingenious Mr. Pirn
of Boston ; which although loaded but once, yet was discharged
eleven times following with bullets, in the space of two minutes ;
each of which went through a double door at fifty yards dis-
tance. They were then presented with an ox, which with bows
and arrows they killed and dressed according to their own cus-
tom ; where thousands of spectators were present to behold and

IJcnijallob's {ntiian 2!?5lars.

hear their barbarous singing and dancing. But notwithstanding
this free and generous entertainiaent, with the firm promises they
made of falling on our enemies, (whenever they made any insults
on us) all proved of little or no significancy ; which was ])rincipally
owing to the powerful influence of the Dutch, for the sake of trade
and commerce with them, as was observed on the like occasion.*

October the 13th,f we had an account from Northfield, of a
body of Indians that fell on the town-fort, where they wounded
two and killed as many more. Soon after, they surprized Mr.
Cogshell and his boat's company as they were going ashore at
Mount Desart.J

December 5th, about sixty laid siege to St. George's, garri-
son, where they continued thirty days, and -were not a little
flushed with the expectation of success ; for at their first coming
they took two soldiers, who gave an account of the state of mat-
ters : but Mr. Canady, the commanding officer, being one of un-
common courage and resolution, stood his ground till Col. West-
brook arrived, who soon put them to a rout. After this, some
came to Berwick, where they took a soldier as he was carelessly
wandering from the garrison.

The favourableness of the winter prevented our marching to
any of their head quarters this season, excepting to Norridge-
wock, where * 'apt Moulton found a vile and pernicious letter
from the governor of Quebec, directed unto the Friar, exhort-
ing him to push on the Indians with all imaginable zeal agarnst
the English, whose advice he as industriously pursued.^ ..

[*In this ;ear, [1723] two persona, by the namss of Smith and Bailey, were killed at Caiie Porpoise; th*
former, on Vaughn's Island ; the latter, at s place near where the old moeting-houso stood, ou the sea-shore. —
BuUivan, 230.]

[t October llth, says Hutchinson, see p. 275.]

[ I Ceaert it should be : a very large island, covering the area of about 180 square miles, and nearly all th«
waters of the Bay of Fundy, or Frenchman's Bay. It was named Monts Deserts by Chauiplain, in honour, per-
haps, of De Monts, with whom he had formerly sailed. It was once called Mt. Mainsell by the English, which,
Mr. Savage (in Winthrop, I, 23) thinlcs was so called in honour of Sir Bobert Mansell, named in the great
Charter. — Drake's French and Indian Wart, p. 220.]

[g March 23, 1724, one Smith, sergeant of the fort at Cape Porpoise, was killed.]

^3eni)aUoU)'s tntrian Mars,

April 17th, 1724, they shot William Mitchcl of Scarborough,
as he was ploughing in the field, and took two of his sons, who
afterwards were released at the taking of Norridgewock.* They
then fell on a sloop at Kennebunk, which belonged to Lynn, and
killed the whole company. But the greatest stroke was on
Capt. Winslow, who with sixteen men in two whale-boats, went
from St. George's to the Green Islands, where the enemy usu-
ally frequent on the account of fowling. But on their return,
they were ambuscaded by two or three companies of them that
lay on each side the river. The first that fell was sergeant
Harvey, who commanded the other boat ; for by keeping too
near the shore, he gave the enemy the greater advantage : how-
ever, he returned the shot with as much bravery as could be ex-
pected, till overpowered by a multitude, Capt. Winslow,f who
was considerably ahead and out of danger, perceiving the en-
gagement, courageously returned back to their assistance. But
before he could give them any relief, was surrounded with about
thirty canoes, who made a hideous yelling ; but he gave them
no answer but from the muzzles of his guns. A smart engage-
ment followed, which held till night: when finding his thigh
broken, and most his men slain, was obliged to hasten ashore ;
but there also he found himself unhappily way-laid. They fell
on him with utmost fury, yet his courage continued until the
last ; for (as one of those that escaped has since reported) he
rested himself on his other knee, and killed an Indian before they
had power to slay him. Thus died that worthy young gentleman,
for the cause of his country. He was one of liberal education
and good extract, being the grandson of governor Winslow of
Plymouth ; and if he had survived, might have been of good

[■"About the same time Mitchell was killed, John Felt, William Wormwell, and Ebenozer Lewis, were killed
at a saw-mill on Kennebeck river. — Vol. 1 N. H. Hut. Soe. eol.]
[fJosiah Winslow who graduated at Harvard College in 1721.]

}3cnf)aUolD'i5 hxhiaw Mars.

service in his |[?onemtion. Sylvauus ^\)c'k,* a wortliy eltler of
the church at Oyster river, soon after tliin, was shiin as he was
on horseback. Myles Thompson of ]?iM'wick, was the same day
also killed by another party, and his son was carried captive.f
A few days after, they ap^ain beset Capt. renhallow's garrison,
where they took three as they were drivinf>- tlnnr cows to pasture,
and at their drawing oft' killed a great many cattle. Another
party fell on Kingston, where they took Peter Colcord, Ephraim
Severns, and two of Mr. Stevens' children, whom they carried
to Canada; but by the unwearied pains and expenco of Mr.
Stevens, he in a little time purchased his children.]; Colcord
about six months after, made his escape and got unto his friends,
but did not survive long. May 24th, they shot George Chesley
as he was returning from public worship, with whom was Eliza-
beth Burnum, who was mortally wounded. Three days after,
they went to Perpooduck, where they killed one and wounded
another, and then marched to Saco, where they slew David Hill,
a friend Indian. On the same day, another party went to
Chester, where they took Thomas Smith, with another whom
they pinioned, but soon after, they made their escape.

The frontiers being thus alarmed, two companies of volun-
teers went from New^-Hampshire on the bounty act, one hundred
pounds a scalp, and it happened that Moses Davis, as he was
weeding his corn, went unto a brook to drink, where he saw

[ * Jamei Nock, says Dr. Belknap.]

[ t Thompson was killed in May, 1724. He li red on the road which leads from Quampeagan to Wells, at Love's
Brook, One Stone was mangled and scalped near where Thompson fell by the same party, but he survived it, and
lived to be an old man. (governor Sullivan, who knew him, says, " his life was miserable ; he wore a silver caul
on his head, went on crutches, had the use of only one hand, and was subject to strong convulsion fits." 8ulUvan'§
Maine, p. 252.]

[ t The late Samuel Welch, who died at Bow, 6 April, 1823, at the age of 112, recollected this event, and related
to the writer of this note some of the particulars of it, about a month before his death. He stated that Peter Ool-
cord, Ebenezer Stevens and Benjamin Severence, and two or three children of Mr, Stevens', were taken by the In-
dians ; that Colcord made his escape, and that the children of Mr. Stevens were afterwards redeemed. He also
recollected the family of Jabez Colman, who was killed in 1724, (mentioned by Penhallow under that year) and
stated that Colman was shot with two balls, one passing through his neck, and the other through his hip,— Vol. 1
N. B. Hitt. Soo, col,]

lUO

)i)cnljalloU)'s {ntiiau Wiax^.

throe Indian i)acks, upon which he informed the troo[)s that
were then coining out. lie, with hi.s .son, went before as guides,
but by an anibushment, were both shot dead. The English
then fired on them, who killed one, and wounded two more, but
coukl not find either of the latter, although they tracked them
by their blood some way. The assembly of New-Hampshire
then sitting, ordered the aforesaid sum of one hundred pounds
to be paid.

The next damage they did, was at Groton, but were so closely
pursued, that they left several of their })acks behind. About
which time, news came to Decrfield of a body of Indians discov-
ered up Connecticut river. Capt. Thomas Wells rallied a com-
pany of men, and went in quest of them, but made no further
discovery, till, upon their return home, about four miles from
Deerfield, three of the company (supposing themselves out of
danger) rode at some distance before the rest, and unhappily
fell into an ambushment of the enemy near a swamp, and were
all three killed by them. But the company behind hearing the
guns, rode up with all speed, and came upon the enemy while
they were scalping the slain ; and firing upon them, wounded
several. Upon which the enemy fled into the swamp, and the
English dismounting their horses, ran in after them, and tracked
them a considerable way by the blood of the wounded, but found
none. However, they recovered ten packs, and heard after-
wards that two died of their wounds, and a third lost the use of
his arm. Another company fell on Spur wink, where they mor-
tally wounded Solomon Jordan, as he was coming out of the
garrison. Next day, being July the 18th, Lieut. Bean went in
quest of them, and came up with a scout of thirty, whom he en-
gaged and put to flight, leaving twenty-five packs, twelve blan-
kets, a gun, a hatchet, and sundry other things behind them.*

[ "^ Rev. Dr Holmea informs ur, that in the copy of Peuhallow in posseBaion of th« MMBkohiiaetts Historical

|)enf)aHob)'s Jnliian MUvs.

101

The enemy not finding so great encouragement in attacking
our frontiers as they expected, were now reyolved to turn pirates,
and accordingly intercepted several of our fishery as they went
in and out the harbours for wood, water, or in case of storms,
and accordingly made up a fleet of fifty canoes, who designed at
first for Mohegcn,f but going through the Fox Islands, and see-
ing several vessels at anchor, surprized eight with little or no
opposition ; in which were forty men, twenty of whom they put
to death, reserving the skippers and best sailors to navigate for
them. After this, they took fourteen more ; and with the assist-
ance of the Cape Sable Indians, became so powerful and despe-
rate, that at first they terrified all vessels that sailed along the
eastern shore. They then went to St. Georges with a design to
burn that garrison ; in order whereto, they filled a couple of
shallops with combustible matter, which they set on fire, but it
was happily extinguished. They then ofibred terms on surren-
dering, which were rejected. And finding that neither force
nor insinuation would prevail, they withdrew, and sailed to
Annapolis, expecting to surprize the fort ; but firing at a soldier
in their march, gave an alarm ; and a detachment issued forth,
who, after a smart dispute, gave them a perfect rout, but not
without loss on our side. J

The fishery being thus invaded, two shallops with about forty
men well fixed, went from New-Hampshire, who fairly came up
with one of them, but through cowardice and folly were afraid

Society, there is an advertisement at tli« end, desiring tlie reader to correct a great omiRsIoR in page 105 [of thil
edition] viz. " In tho article relating to Lioiit. Bouu and Company, at tiio bottom of tlio page, it sliould have
Iwen added, one of tlielr principal Indians was kiUetl, and iiis scalp brouglit to Boston, for wliicli said Bean and
company received an liundrod pounds. — Vol. 1 AT. //. I[M Soc, col.]

[ t An Island on tlie east side of Kennebeclt river, and about 10 miles from tlie main : celebrated as the place
where Capt. John Smith lauded in 1014; hero he built some houses, tho remains of which were to be seen, when
Judge Sullivan wrote liis History of Muiue. It is spelt Jloheagan.— Dmte's French and Indian Wart, p. 222.]

[ I June 27, 1724, Ebenc/.er Shelden, Thomas Cotton, and Jeremiah English (a friend Indian) wero killed at
neorfiold. July 10, Lieut. Timothy Childs and Samuel Allen, were wounded in returning from their labor in the
Held. — Appendix to IVilianu' Han-ative.]

«>

102

iPenftalloto^s Jntrian Wiax&.

to engage them. However, Dr. Jackson from Kittery, and
Sylvanus Lakeman from Ipswich, with a lesser number, gave
them chase, and fired very smartly with their small arms, al-
though the enemy had two great guns and four pateraroes, which
cut their shrouds and hindered their pursuit for some time : but
being fixed again, they followed them with greater resolution,
and drove them into Penobscot, where a greater body being
ready to cover them, he was forced to desist. The Doctor and
Mr. Cutt were dangerously wounded in this engagement, but
some time after, ^ ^covered. This storm of the enemy by sea,
produced no calm ashore.

At Rutland, they killed three men, wounded one, and took
another;* and at Oxford, beset a house that lay under a hill, but
as one of the enemy attempted to break through the roof, he was
shot by a woman of the house.f The sabbath now became a
day of danger in which they often did mischief, as at Dover,
Oyster river, and Berwick, where they killed one, wounded a
second, and carried away a third.

Capt. Harmon, Moulton, Brown and Bean, were now prepar-
ing for Norridgewock, with two hundred men in seventeen
whale-boats. After they landed at Triconnick, they met with
Bomazeen at Brunswick, (who had slain an Englishman some
days before) whom they shot in the river, as he attempted to
make an escape. They afterwards killed his daughter, and took
his wife captive ; who gave an account of the state of the enemy,
which encouraged them to march on briskly ; and on August
12th, they got within two miles of the place. Capt. Harmon drew
off with about sixty men to range their corn fields, in hopes of

[ * This was on the 3d of Augtast, 1724, and was the last mischief done at Rutland,]

[fThe enemy, four In number, made a breach In the roof, and as one of them was attempting to enter, he
recelTed a shot In his belly from a courageous woman, the only person In the house, but who had two muskets and
two pistols charged, and was prepared for all four; but they thought flt to retreat, carrying off the dead or
wounded ipan. Tbia was on the 6tb of August,— Fo{. 1 N. H. BM. Boo. ool.]

^^enftalloto's Intrian WLax^.

103

finding some there, imagining they saw some smokes ; while
Capt. Moulton, with about an hundred men moved forward, and
when he came within view of the town, artfully divided them
into three squadrons, of thirty in each ; having ordered ten to
guard their baggage, and a squadron on each wing to lie in am-
bush, while he with the like number encountered them in the
front. He went on with such resolution, that he got within pis-
tol shot before he was discovered. The Indians were under
amazing terror ; yet in their surprize some of them snatched
up their guns and fired : but their hands shook and they did no
execution. They immediately betook themselves to flight, and
in running fell on the very muzzles of our guns that lay in am-
bush. Our men pursued them so warmly, that several were
slain on the spot ; more got into their canoes, and others ran
into the river ; which was so rapid, and the falls in some places
so great, that many of them were drowned. By this time Capt.
Harmon came up, who was not so happy as to discover any of
the enemy where he expected. The number of the, dead which
we scalped, were twenty-six, besides Monsieur Ralle* the Jesuit,
who was a bloody incendiary, and instrumental to most of the
mischiefs that were done us, by preaching up the doctrine of
meriting salvation by the destruction of hereticks.f Some say

t*SobaBtian Ballo died in the 67th year of his ase, after a painful mission of 37 years ; 26 of which were spent
at Korridgwock. Previous to bis residence at this place, he spent six years in travelling among the Indian nations
in the interior parts of America ; and learned most of their languages. " II Sgavoit presque toute les languest
qu'ott parle dans ce vaste continent." He Was a man of good sense, learning, and address ; and by a gentle, conde»
scending deportment, and a compliance with the Indian mode of life, he obtained an entire ascendency over
the natives ; and itsed his iniSueuce to promote the interests of the French among them. " He even made the ofll-
ces of devotion serve as incentives to their ferocity ; and kept a Hag, in which was depicted a cross, snrronnded by
bows and arrows, which he used to hoist on a pole at the door of his church, when he gave them absolution, pre.
viously to their engaging in any warlike enterprise." A dictionary of the Norridgwock language, composed by
Father Ralle, was found among bis papers ; and it was deposited in the Library of Harvard College. There is
this memorandum on it : " 1G91. II y a un an que je suis parmi les sauveges je commence a mettre en ordre
•n forme de dlctionaire les mots que j'apprens." It >s a quarto volume of about 600 pages.— Bel*»«v'». But. of N.
Hampthire, Vol. II, p, 60.— Charlevoux Nouv France, Vol. II, pp. 376—385.]

[t There is a valuable memoir of Ralle in the Collections of Massachusetts Historical Society, Tol. VIII, p.
250, in which his character is more favourably represented than in the above account : it seems that the Account
in the text is not perfectly correct.— VoJ, 1 N. H. But. Boe, eol]

104

^Penftalloto's intrian Mats,

that quarter was offered him, which he refused, and would nei-
ther give nor take any. After this, they burnt and destroyed
the chapel, canoes, and all the cottages that lay round ; they also
took four Indians alive, and recovered three captives.

The number in all that were killed and drowned were sup-
posed to be eighty, but some say more ; the greatest victory we
have obtained in the three or four last wars : and it may be as
noble an exploit (all things considered) as ever happened in the
time of king Philip. About seventy French Mohawks were
now making a descent on our frontiers, who divided into several
parties and killed a great number of cattle. Some of them fell
on the house of John Hanson of Dover, who being a stiff quaker,
full of enthusiasm, and ridiculing the military power, would on
no account be influenced to come into garrison ; by which
means his whole family (then at home) being eight in number,
were all killed and taken. But some time after, his wife and
two or three of his children, were redeemed with considerable
pains and expense.

September 4th, they fell on Dunstable, and took two * in the

[ << The persoDB taken were Natiiaa Gross and Thomas Blanchard, who had been engaged in the manufacture
of turpentine on the north side of Nashua river, ntar where Nashua village now stands. At that time, there were
no houses or settlements on that side of the river. These men had been in the habit of returning every night to
lodge in a saw-mill on the other side. That night the; came not as usual. An alarm was given ; it was feared
they had fallen into the hands of the Indians. A party consisting of ten of the principal inhabitants of the place
started in search of them, under the direction of one French, a sergeant of militia. In this company was Far-
well, who was afterwards lieutenant under Lovewell. When this party arrived at the spot where the men had
been labouring, they found the hoops of the barrel cut, and the turpentine spread upon the ground. From certain
marks upon the trees made with coal mixed with grease, they understood that the men were taken and carried off
alive. In the course of the examination, Farwell perceived the turpentine had not ceusod spreading, and called
the attention of his comrades to this circumstance. They concluded tlint tl.e Indians had been gone but a short
time, and must still be near, and decided upon an instant pursuit. Farwull advised them to take a circuitous
rout, to avoid an ambush. But unfortunately he and French had a short time previous had a misunderstanding,
and were then at variance. French imputed this advice to cowardice, and called out, " I am going to take the
direct path ; if any of you are not afraid, let him follow me." French led the way and the whole party followed,
Farwell falling in the rear. Their route was up the Merrimack, towards which they bent their course to look for
their horses upon the interval. At the brook near Lutwycho's (now Thornton's) ferry, they were way-laid. The
Indians flred upon them, and killed the larger part instantly. A few fled, but were overtaken and destroyed.
French was killed about a mile from the place of action, under an oak tree now standing in a fleld belonging to
Mr. Lund in Merrimack. Farwell in the rear, seeing those before him fall, sprung behind a tree, discharged his
piece und ran. Two Indians pursued him : the chase was vigorously maintained fur some time without gaining

■^

|3euiaUob's Jntrian Mars;*

105

evening : next morning, Lieut. Frencli, with fourteen men, went
in quest of them ; but being way-hiid, both he and one half of
his company were destroyed. After that, as many more of a
fresh company engaged them, but tlie enemy being much supe-
rior in number overpowered them, with the loss of one man and
four wounded.

On the Monday after, they killed Jabez Coleman of Kingston,
with his son, as they were gathering corn stalks. About the
same time, Nathaniel Edwards of Northampton was killed : and
the next day, the same company of Indians went to Westfield,
and fell on several people as they were coming out of the mea-
dows with their carts loaded, and wounding one man had cer-
tainly taken him, but some of our men bravely faced about, and
attempted a shot upon them. But their guns all missing fire
except Mr. Noah Ashley's, his went off and shot down one of
the enemy, which put a stop to their further pursuit of the Eng-
lish. Hereupon a company rallied, and went after the enemy,
and quickly found the Indian whom Ashley had slain. And
taking the scalp, said Ashley brought it to Boston, and received
one hundred pounds reward for it. And now a regiment of
fresh men under the command of Col. Westbrook were prepar-
ing for Penobscot, one of their chief places of rendezvous for
planting and fishing ; but by the unskillfulness of his guides,
were led into a labyrinth of difficulties, and after a long fatigue
returned without any discovery.

Capt. Lovewellf from Dunstable, with thirty volunteers, at

much advantage, till Farwell itessing through a thicket, the Indians lost sight of him, and fearing he might have
loaded again, they desisted. He was tlie only one of the company that escaped. A company from the neighbor-
hood mustered upon the news of this disaster, proceeded to the fatal spot, took up the bodies of their friends and
towDRmen and interred them in the burying ground in Dunstable. Blanchard and Cross were carried to Canada :
after remaining there some time, they succeeded by their own exertions in effecting their redemption and returned
to their native town, where their descendants are still living. — Relation of Col. E. Bancroft, of Tyngsborougk, Man.
[fCapt. John Lovewell lived in Dunstable, New-Hampshire, then Massachusetts. "He was asonof Zacheui
Iiovewell, an ensign in the army of Oliver Cromwell, who came to this country and settled at Dunstable, where h»
died at the age of one hundred and twenty years ; the oldest white man who ever died in the State of New-Hamp-
shire." — Farmer'$ A Moore's (Jollectiom, \ol. Ill, p. 64.

106

iPeni)al(ob's fnbian Wars,

the same time went northward, who marching several miles up
the country, came on a wigwam wherein were two Indians, one
of which they killed and the other took, for which they received
the promised bounty of one hundred pounds a scalp, and two
shillings and six pence a day besides.

Other companies were disposed to go out on the like encourage-
ment, but did not see the track of an Indian ; being under such
amazing terror, by reason of their late overthrow at Norridge-
wock, that they deserted their former habitation; for Avhen
Capt. Heath went to Penobscot, he made no other discovery
than a few empty wigwams.

The government (being thoroughly apprized of the perfidy of
the French at Canada, in supplying the Indians with all neces-
sary stores of war, notwithstanding the peace at Utrecht, so
firmly ratified between the two Crowns) sent Col. Thaxter and
Col. Dudley from the Massachusetts, with Mr. Atkinson from
New-Hampshire, as commissioners to represent the many griev-
ances that arose thereby ; as also to demand the several captives
which they had of ours, and that hence-forward they would with-
draw all manner of assistance from the enemy. For as they
were Indians bordering between both governments, they be-
longed either to the dominion of Great Britain, or unto the
French King ; if to the French King, then consequently they
were his subjects, and the encouraging or supplying them with
warlike stores against the English, was a flagrant violation of
the peace between the two Crowns; if they belonged to the
King of Great Britain, then the exciting them to a war was as
great a breach, and the stirring them up to a rebellion, contrary
unto their allegiance and submission in the year 1693, which
was afterwards renewed in the year 1713, and 1717.

Our gentlemen in their journey to Quebeck, met the Governor
at Montreal unto whom they delivered this message : upon

iPeni)allob's Jntiian Mats.

107

>.hicli the Governor seemed to extenuate his supplying or coun-
tenancing them in any act of hostility ; till they made it evident
from letters under his hand unto Monsieur Ralle, the Jesuit and
father confessor. But to palliate the matter, he replied, they
were an independent nation, and that as the captives were out
of his reach he would not engage therein. But as to those
among the French, he would order them to be released upon
paying the first cost they had given the Indians. This we were
obliged to do, after an exorbitant manner ; and in the whole,
got but sixteen, with the promise of ten more. Notwithstand-
ing this, he would often reflect on the English for invading the
properties of the Indians, till our commissioners demonstrated
that we possessed no more than what we purchased, and had
formerly inhabited ; and inasmuch as the boundaries between
the two Crowns were firmly fixed,' that all the Indians inhabit-
ing this side L'Accadia, must of consequence belong to the
Crown of Great Britain. After this, our gentlemen departed,
acknowledging the kind entertainment which his Excellency had
given them ; who ordered a guard to attend them part of their
way home.

JBut the difficulties and hazards that they met with in their
journey, were great and terrible. It took them full four months.
The lake they passed over was a hundred and fifty miles long
and thirty wide, which was covered with water four inches on
the surface of the ice. The first place they came to was Cham-
blee, where is a strong fortification, 200 foot square, and 30 foot
high, with four bastions, in which are four tiers of guns, one
above another. From thence they travelled to Montreal, which
is an island of 30 miles long and 12 wide, lying in the middle of
the river commonly called St. Lawrence's river ; about 180 miles
up from Quebeck, navigable for vessels of about 100 tons. This
city (of Montreal) lies near the middle, walled round with stone

«<

108

^fn^Ja!loU)^'5 Inbian Wiavs.

and lime sixteen foot high and three thick, but no battery or
fortification ; in which are three churches, two chapels, two nun-
neries, and two streets of three quarters of a mile in length ; con-
taining about 400 houses. Their trade is mostly in furs, which
they transport to Quebeck, and from thence to France.

Capt. Lovewell, who was endowed with a generous spirit and
resolution of serving his country, and well acquainted with hunt-
ing the woods, raised a new company of volunteers, and marched
some miles beyond their common head-quarters : on the east-
erly side of Winnepiseogee * ponds, he crossed an Indian track,
and soon after espied two of them, whose motions he watched all
the day, and at night silently came upon them as they lay asleep
round their fire. At his first firing, he killed seven, after that,
two more, and wounded another, which was their whole com-
pany :f who being within a day and a half's march of our fron-
tiers, would probably have done mischief, had they not been so
seasonably prevented. Their arms were so new and good, that
most of them were sold for seven pounds apiece, and each of
them had two blankets, with a great many spare maccasons,
which were supposed for the supplying of captives that they ex-
pected to have taken. The plunder was but a few skins ; but
during the march, our men were well entertained with moose,
bear, and deer, together with salmon-trout, some of which were
three feet long, and weighed twelve pounds apiece.

April 13th, 1725, there came two Indians to Maquoit,J and
took one Cockram, a soldier of about eighteen years of age, whom
they carried thirty miles into the woods. The first night they
pinioned him, but left him loose the second. He took an oppor-

['*Winnepi880cay, in copy.]

[ t The brave company, with the ten scalps stretched on hoops and poles, entered Dover in triumph, and pro-
ceeded thence to Boston ; where they received the bounty of one hundred pounds for each, out of the public treas-
ury.— Bellmaji't Hitt. o/N HamjuMre, Vol. II, p. 63.

[ I Haquoit ii a bay, which lies about 20 miles north of Cape Elizabeth.— fhtUiran, j>. 14.]

«^

i|enf)alloU)'s Intrian Wiaxs.

109

tunity (as they were asleep) to knock them both on the head,
scalped them and brought their scalps away with him, and their
guns. But in his return, he was so unhappy as to lose a gun,
and one of the scalps in fording a river. When he came to the
garrison and gave an account of the v/hole affair, there went out
a party the next morning, and found the Indians both dead ac-
cording to the information that he had given. He was not only
rewarded according to the act, but was advanced in his post, for
his brave action, and for the encouragement of others.

On the Monday after, came another party to Yarmouth, where
they slew William and Matthew Scales, which was a great
weakening to that garrison, being very active and industrious
men, and the principal supporters thereof.

After this, they went to Cape Porpoise and waylaid Lieut.
Trescott with some others, as they were passing along the road,
whom they fired on, and wounded the said Trescott in several
places.

A vessel from Can so, about this time arriving, brought an ac-
count of seventy Indians that fell on an out-house in view of the
garrison, where they killed seven men, one woman and a child,
and from thence went to Capt. Durell's Island, where they be-
set a fortified house in which were only four, who engaged them
several hours; one of which was in a little time shot through a
loop-hole, but the remaining three held out and defended them-
selves with such bravery, that the enemy was obliged to draw
off with considerable loss.

Capt. Lovewell being still animated with an :n. common zeal
of doing what service he could, made another attempt on Pig-
wacket* with forty-four men ; who in his going built a small

[oSitnstod on the upper part of the river Saoo, then 50 miles from any white settlement, (16. 1, 27,) which
had been the restdenoe of a formidable tribe, and which they itill occaaionally Inhabited. It is in the present towm
of VnyebnrK, Maine.— Brffcnop'* N. namp$Mre, p 63.— DroJ:e'» Appeudit to Indian Wan, p. 33.]

110

)9eni)aUoU)'!S fnbiau Wiaxs*

fort* near Ossipee, to have recourse unto in case of danger, as
also for the relief of any that might be sick or wounded ; and
having one of his men at this time sick, he left the doctor with
eight men more to guard him : with the rest of his company, he
proceeded in quest of the enemy, who on May the 8th, about ten
in the morning, forty miles from said fort, near Saco pond,f he
saw an Indian on a point of land : upon which they immedi-
ately put off their blankets and knapsacks, and made towards
him ; concluding that the enemy were ahead and not in the
rear. Yet they were not without some apprehensions of their
being discovered two days before, and that the appearing of one
Indian in so bold a manner, was on purpose to ensnare them.
Wherefore, the Captain calling his men together, projiosed
whether it was best to engage them or not ; who boldly replied,
" that as they came out on purpose to meet the enemy, they
would rather trust jDrovidence with their lives and die for their
country, than return without seeing them." Upon this, they
proceeded and mortally wounded the Indian, who notwithstand-
ing returned the fire, and wounded Capt. Lovewell in the belly.
Upon which Mr. Wyman fired and killed him. J But their dis-
mantling themselves at this juncture, proved an unhappy snare ;
for the enemy taking their baggage, knew their strength by the
number of their packs, where they lay in ambush till they re-

[^ About halfway between a remarkable Indian mound In Ossipee, and the weitern shore of Ossipee Lake,
" are the remains of the fort built by the brave Capt. Lovewell, Just before he fell in the celebrated battle near
Lovewell's pond, in Freyeburg."— Farmer'* <t Moore'a coll., Vol. I, p. 40.]

[fSome call this Lovewell's pond ; but Lovewell's pond Is in Wakefleld, where he some time before captured
a company of Indians, who were on their way to attack some of the frontier towns.— Drake's Appendix to Indian
Wan, p. 381.]

[I This Indian has been celebrated as a hero, and ranked with tho Boman Curtius, who devoted himself to
death to save his country. (See Hutchiiison't History, Vol. II, p. 315.) Having been on the spot where this cele-
brated action happened, and having conversed with persons who were acquainted with the Indians of Figwacket,
before and after this battle, I am convinced that there is no foundation for tlie idea that he was placed there to
decoy ; and that he had no claim to the character of a hero. The point on which he stood is a noted fishing place ;
the gun which alarmed Lovewell's company, was fired at a flock of ducks ; and when they met him, he was return-
ing home with hia game and two fowling pieces. The village was situated at the ertge of the Saco river, which
here forms a large bend. The remains of the stockades were found by the first settlers, forty years afterward.
The pond is in the township of Frieburg.— BelArnnp't Hist, of N. Hampshire, pp. 66—66,]

|3cni)alloU)'s hxhian WiaxB.

Ill

turned, and made the first shot ; which our men answered with
much bravery, and advancing Avithin twice the length of their *
guns, slow nine.* The encounter was smart and desperate, and
the victory seemed to be in our favor, till Capt. Lovewell with
several more were slain and wounded, to the number of twelve :
upon which our men were forced to retreat unto a pond,t between
which and the enemy was a ridge of ground that proved a bar-
rier unto us. The engagement continued ten hours, but although
the shouts of the enemy were at first loud and terrible, yet after
some time they became sensibly low and weak, and their ap-
pearance to lessen. Now whether it was through want of am-
munition, or on the account of those that were slain and wounded,
that the enemy retreated, certain it is, they first drew off and
left the ground. And although many of our men were much
enfeebled by reason of their wounds, yet none of the enemy pur-
sued them in their return. Their number was uncertain, but
by the advice which we afterwards received, they were seventy
in the whole, whereof forty were said to be killed upon the spot,
eighteen more died of their wounds, and that twelve only re-
turned. An unhappy instance at this time fell out respecting
one of our men, who when the fight began, was so dreadfully
terrified, that he ran away unto the fort, telling those who were
there, that Capt. Lovewell was killed with most of his men ;
which put them into so great a consternation, that they all drew
off, leaving a bag of bread and pork behind, in case any of their
company might return and be in distress.

["•■■Both parties advanced with their guns presented, and when they camo within " a few yardes," thty flred
on both aides. *■ The Indians fell in considerable numbers, but the English, most, if not all of them, escaped the
first shot." — Drake's Appendix to Indian Wan, p. 332.]

[f Hoping to be sheltered by a point of rocks which ran Into the pond, and a few large pine trees standing on
K sandy beach, in this forlorn plnca they took their station. On their right was the mouth of a brook, at that time
nnfordable ; on their left, was the rocky point ; their front wa.s partly covered by a deep bog, and partly uncovered ;
and the pond was in their roar. The enemy galled them in front and flank, and had them so completely in their
power, that had they made a prudent use of their advantage, the whole company must either have been killed, or
Obliged to surrender at discretion. — Belknnp'i ffUt. of N. Ifiimp'hlre, Vol. IT, pp. 6fi — 67.]

112

$mf)aUotp'£t hMan Wiax^.

The whole that we lost in the engagement were fifteen, be-
sides those that were wounded. Eleazar Davis of Concord, was
the last that got in, who first came to Berwick and then to
Portsmouth, where he was carefully provided for, and had a
skilful surgeon to attend him. The report he gave me was, that
after Capt. Lovewell was killed, and Lieut. Farwell and Mr.
Bobbins wounded,* that ensign Wyman took upon him the com-
mand of the shattered company, who behaved himself with great
prudence and courage, by animating the men and telling them,
" that the day would yet be their own, if their spirits did not
flag ;" which enlivened them anew, and caused them to fire so
briskly, that several discharged between twenty and thirty
times apiece. He further added, that Lieut. Farwell, with Mr.
Frye, their chaplain, Josiah Jones, and himself, who were all
wounded, marched towards the fort; but Jones steered another
way, and after a long fatigue and hardship, got safe into Saco.
Mr. Frye three days after, through the extremity of his wounds,
began to faint and languish, and died. He was a very worthy
and promising young gentleman, the bud of whose youth was
but just opening into a flower.f

Mr. Jacob Fullam, who was an officer and an only son, dis-
tinguished himself with much bravery. One of the first that
was killed was by his right hand ; and when ready to encounter
a second, it is said that he and his adversary fell at the very in-
stant by each other's shot. Mr. Farwell held out in his return
till the eleventh day ; during which time he had nothing to eat
but water and a few roots which he chewed ; and by this time
the wounds through his body were so mortified, that the worms

[<'The Indians invited them to sarrender, by holding up ropes to thenii and endeaTonred to intimidate them
by their hideous yells ; till just before night, they quitted their advantageous ground, carrying off their killed and
wounded, and leaving the dead bodies of Lovewell and his men unscalped.— Belihtap'« Htif. of N. BampMre, VoL
n.p.&I.]

[t He fell at>ont the middle of the afternoon. He was the only son of Capt. James Frye of Andover, gradiu-
ted at Harvard College in 1723, and was chaplain of the company.— iVate'* Appendix to Indian War$,p. 334.]

JPenf)aUoU)*s fntrian fflHats.

113

made a thorough passage. The same day, this Davis caught a
fish which he broiled, and was greatly refreshed therewith ; but
the Lieutenant was so much spent, that ho could not taste a bit.
Davis being now alone, in a melancholy desolate state, still made
toward the fort, and next day came to it, where he found some
pork and bread, by which he was enabled to return as before-
mentioned.

Just as I had finished this account, I saw the historical me-
moirs of the ingenious Mr. Symmes,* wherein I find two things
remarkable, which I had no account of before : one was of Lieut.
Robbins, who being sensible of his dying state, desired one of
the company to charge his gun and leave it with him, being
persuaded that the Indians, by the morning, would come and
scalp him, but was desirous of killing one more before he died.
The other was of Solomon Kies, who being wounded in three
places, lost so much blood as disabled him to stand any longer ;
but in the heat of the battle, calling to Mr. Wyman said, he was
a dead man ; however, said that if it was possible, he would en-
deavour to creep into some obscure hole, rather than be insulted
by these bloody Indians : bui jy a strange providence, as he was
'creeping away, he saw a canoe in the pond, which he rolled him.
self into, and by a favorable wind (without any assistance of his
own) was driven so many miles on, that he got safe unto the fort.

In 1 Sam. xxxi, 11, 12, 13, it is recorded to the immortal
honor of the men of Jabbsh Grilead, that when some of their re-
nowned heroes fell by the hand of the Philistines, that they
prepared a decent burial for their bodies.

Now so soon as the report came of Capt. Lovewell's defeat,t

[ <■ Rov. Thomas Symmes of Bradford, Mass., whose Memoir of Lovewell's fight is published entire in the ffrst
Tolome ot-Farmer <t Moore^t CoUeetiont.]

[ t This account of Lovewell's battle is collected from the authorities cited in the margin, and from the verbal
information of aged and intelligent persons. The names of the dead, on the trees, and the holes where balls had
entered and been cut out, were plainly viuible, when I was on the spot in 1781. The trees hod the appearance of
being very old, and one of them was fallen.— Befinajp't Bill, of N. Hampihire, Vol. II, p. 70.]

10*

..I

114

IPenfiallob's {nbian altars.

about fifty men from New-Hampshiro well equipped, marched
unto Pequackett for the like end, but were not so happy as to
find them : but CoL Tyng, from Dunstable, with Ca[)t. White
who went afterwards, buried twelve ; where at a little distance
they found three Indians, among whom was Paugus,* a vile and
bloody wretch. Now the reason why no more of the enemy
could be found, was because it is customary among them to con-
ceal their dead, and bury them in some places of obscurity.

Give me leave here again to relate, (as I did before respect-
ing Col. Hilton) that six or eight days before Capt. Lovewell
was defeated, we had a current report several miles round of
his being so, with little or no variation, both as to time and cir-
cumstances.

Our encountering the enemy at such a distance was so tcrri*
ble and surprizing, that they never found any body after. And
though our actions in this war can bear no comparison with
those of our British forces, (which have caused the world to
wonder) yet not to mention the bravery of these worthies, who
died in the bed of honor, and for the interest of their country,
would be a denying them the honor that is due unto their me-
mory, and a burying them in oblivion.f

The mourning drum, the lance and ensign's trail,
The robes of honor all in sable veil.

Mr. Wyman, who distinguished himself in such a signal

[ '■' Many of LovowoU's men knew Pangus personally. A huge bear's skin formed a part of his dress. From
Mr. Symme's account, it appears that John Chamberlain killed him. Thoy had spoken together some time in the
fight, and afterwards both happened to go to the pond to wash out their guns, which were rendered useless by so
frequent firing. Hero the challenge was given by Paugus, " It is you or I." As soon as the guns were prepared,
they fired, and Paugus fell. — Drake't Appendix to Indian War$, p. 234.]

[ t This was one of the most fierce and obstinate battles which had been fought with the Indians. They had
not only the advantage of numbers, but of placing themselves in ambush, and waiting with deliberation the mo-
ment of attack. These circumstances gave them a degree of ardor and impetuosity. Lovewell and his men, though
disappointed of meeting the enemy in their front, expected and determined to fight. The fall of their commander
and more than one quarter of their number, in the first onset, was greatly discouraging ; but they knew the situa-
tion to which they were reduced, and their distance from the frontiers, cut off all hope of safety by flight. In
these circumstances, prudence as well as valor, dictated a continuance of the engagement, and a refusal to surren-
der ; until the enemy, awed by their bravo resistance, and weakened by their own loss, yielded them the honor
of the field. After this encounter, the Indiani resided no more at Pigwacket, till the peace.— 2 Belknap, p. 69, 70.]

$leuf)allob's {ntiian Wlaxs*

116

manner, was, at his return, presented with a silver hilted sword,
-afld a captain's commission. Edward Lingtield was also made
an ensign, and the general assembly (to shew a grateful ac-
knowledgmc.i; to the soldiers, and a compassionate sympathy
unto the widows and orphans,) ordered the sum of fifteen hun-
dred pounds to be given them, under a certain regulation. And
for a further encouragement of volunteers, ordered four shillings
a day out of the public to be paid every one that would enlist,
besides the bounty of one hundred pounds a scalp. Upon which
a great many brave men, under the command of Capt. White,
Capt. Wyman, and others, went out, but the extremity of the
heat prevented their marching far. Many of them sickened of
the bloody flux, and some died after their return ; particularly,
Capt. White and Capt. Wyman, whose deaths were very much
lamented.

Saquarexis, and Nebine, one a hostage, and the other a pri-
soner belonging to the English, being desirous of visiting their
old acquaintance, had liberty granted them on their parole ; who
after some time returned and gave an account, that the Indians
were generally disposed to a peace, for that the losses they met
with, and the daily terror they were under, made their lives
miserable. After this, they went out again, and meeting with
several others, they represented their ready desires of having a
treaty of pacification with the English. Upon which Col. Wal-
ton,* from New-Hampshire, Col. Stoddard and^Mr. Wainwright,
from the Massachusetts, were appointed commissioners to go
unto St. George's, to hear and report what they had to ofi'er.
They arrived there, July the second, and sent the said two In-
dians with a letter unto thfeir chiefs, letting them know that
they were come ; who in six days afttr, appeared under a flag
of truce. ^

[■S'Col Walton lived at Somewworth. He wa« diamiued from lenrice, and waa laoceedad ^y Col. Tbomaa
Westbrook.— Fol. 1 N. H. Bit. 8oc. col]

116

^penf)alloto's Indian 3l?Ears.

Capt. Bean, the interpreter, was sent to meet them. They
brought a letter from Winnenimmit their chief Sagamore, which
was wrote in French. The import of which was, to congratu-
late the gentlemen's arrival on a design of peace, which they
earnestly desired to treat about, provided they might do it safely ;
being under some fear and jealousy. And indeed they had
cause of being so, for that about ten days before under a flag of
truce, some of the English treacherously attempted to lay vio-
lent hands upon them, but lost one in the skirmish, and had
another wounded, which was the occasion of the like unhappy
disaster that afterwards happened unto Capt. Saunders, in Pe*
nobscot Bay. They then moved, that inasmuch as many of
their men were scattered, (being out a hunting) that our gentle-
men would stay a little, which they consented to. And five days
after, seven came in under a flag of truce, making the usual sig-
nal ; and informing the commissioners they would wait on them
to-morrow ; who after a friendly entertainment were dismissed.
The next day, their whole body came within a quarter of a mile
of the garrison, desiring the English to come to them ; which
they refused, saying, that they were sent from the several gov-
ernments to hear what they had to offer ; but assured them that
if they came to them, no injury should be offered. After a short
consultation they complied, provided that the English would
engage it in the name of God. And then they sent in thirteen
of their chiefs, expecting the like number of English to be sent
them. So soon as they met, the commissioners demanded what
they had to offer, who complimented them with the great satis-
faction they had in seeing them in so peaceable a disposition,
and that it was also the intent and desire of their hearts. It
was then asked wherefore they made war upon the English ?
who replied, because of their encroachments upon their lands so
far westward as Cape Nawagen, where two of their men, as they

^^eniballob's fntiian JlSaars.

117

said, were beaten to death. Upon which it was answered, that
that very land was bought by the English, and that the deeds
from their predecessors were ready to be shewn ; and admitting
it was true what they said, that the English did so inhumanly
beat two of their Indians, yet it was not justifiable in them (ac-
cording to the articles of peace) to commence a war at once,
without first making application to the government, who at all
times were ready to do them justice.

This conference being over, they proposed a further treaty,
which after some debate, was resolved to be at Boston. They
then moved for a cessation of arms, but our commissioners, hav-
ing no power, replied, that if they went to Boston, it might pro-
bably be granted. But in the mean time moved that each party
should be on their guard, for that it was the custom of nations
to carry on the war on both sides till matters were fully con-
cluded. The Indians replied that as they desired peace, they
were resolved in calling in their young men, promising for them-
selves and those also of their tribe, that no hostility should be
formed against us.

The treaty being over, Capt. Loran and Ahanquid, who were
two of their chiefs, accompanied our gentlemen to Boston, where
they were friendly entertained, and after a capitulation of mat-
ters, returned in a vessel prepared on purpose, with a promise
of bringing more of their chiefs with them in forty days after
their arrival, for a final issue of all differences.

Several constructions and censures were passed on this treaty *,
some thinking the English were more forward for a peace than the
Indians, and that as we now knew their head quarters, might
easily destroy their corn, and disrest them in their fishery, which
would bring them to a ready composition. Although the Pe-
nobscot Indians seemed guarantee for the other tribes, yet as
we knew them treacherous, we could put no confidence in them.

'(v

118

IPcnftalloto's hibian Mars.

but rather lay ourselves open unto a snare, and become the
more secure ! Something like this accordingly fell out ; for on
September 15th, a party of them fell on some of Cocheco while
at work in the field, where they slew one, scalped another, cut
off the head of a third, and carried a fourth captive ; all which
belonged to the family of the Evans'.*

A few days after, another party attacked a garrison at North
Yarmouth, but were so stoutly repulsed that they made no im-
pression ; but at their drawing off, killed several cattle. Two
days after, some appeared at Mowsum, and then at Damaris
Cove, which lies eastward of Kennebeck, and is two leagues
within the line agreed upon ; where they took and burnt two
shallops which belonged to Stephen Hunuel and Alexander
Soaper, who with five men and a boy, they carried to the Win-
niganse, and knocked him on the head. Some conjectured these
Indians came from Canada ; others, that they belonged to the
eastward, for that an English jacket was afterwards seen on one
of them ; but the eastern Indians laid it on the other.

At the same time the English had several companies out at
Ameriscoggin, Rockamagug, Norridgwock, &c. ; where Col.
Harmon and others went, but made no discovery. Some
thought that we hereby infringed on the articles made between
them and us, unto which it may be replied, that these places
were not within the Penobscot line ; and although they promised

[*Tlie Indiatis hail come down to Cocheco, with a dosfgn to take the family of Hauson af^aiu. When they
had come near the huiw', thoy ol)serv(>d some people at work in a neighboring tield, by which it was necessary for
thom to pass, both in going and returning. This obliged them to alter their purpose, and conceal themselves In a
barn, till they were ready to attack thom. Two women passed by the barn while they were in it, and had jnst
reached the garrison as the gmis were fired. Thoy shot Benjamin Evans dead on the spot ; wounded William
Bvans and cut bis throat. John Kvans rooeived a slight wound in the breast, which bleeding plentifully, deceived
them, and thinking him dead, thoy stripped and scalped him. He bore the painful operation without discovering
any signs of life, though all the time in his perfect senses, and continued in the feigned appearance of death, till
they turned him over, and struck him several blows with their grna, and loft him for dead. After they were gone
off, ho rose and walked, naked and bloody, towards the garrison ; bnf on meeting his frienils by the way, dropped,
fainting on the ground, and being covered with u blanket, was conveyed to the house. Ho recovered and lived
fifty years. A pursuit was niado after the enoniy, but they got off undiscovered, carrying with them Benjamin
Evans, Jr. a lad of 13, to Canadt, whence be was afterwards redeemed. — 2 Belkmp, Sn.] , ^

■1

?Penf)aUob3's hxtian Wiax3.

119

to do what they could in restraining others from falling on the
English, yet as several scouts fror^ other places were then out,
they could not absolutely engage for them ; wherefore it was
now requisite for us to secure our frontiers.*

About the 28th September, 1725, Capt D wight of fort Dum-
mer, sent out a scout of six men, west, who being upon their
return sat down to refresh themselves ; and hearing a noise like
running, looked up, and saw fourteen Indians just upon them.
Our men fired at the enemy, but were soon overpowered by the
Indians, who killed two, took three, and one escaped.

The forty days beforementioned, for coming in of the Penob-
scot Indians, with those of the other tribes, being nearly twice
expired, gave great uneasiness for fear of some mischief that was
designed. But in the beginning of November, the several Cap-
tains hereafter mentioned came in, viz., Sauguaaram, alias So-
run, Arexus, Francois Xavier, Meganumba, where the following-
submission and agreement was concluded on.

The submission and agreement of the delegates of the eastern

Indians.

Whereas the several tribes of eastern Indians, viz., the Pe-
nobscot, Norridgwock, St. John's, Cape Sables, and other tribes
inhabiting within his Majesty's territories of New-England and
Nova-Scotia, who have been engaged in the present war, from
whom we Sattguaaram^ alias Sorun, Arexits, Francois-Xavier, and
Meganumba, are delegated and fully empowered to enter into
articles of pacification with his Majesty's governments of the

[ ^ August 26, 1726, deacon F.ald, deacon Ghilds, and others, were going up to Groen river farms, and were
nmbnshed by the Indians, but they discovered the Indians, and John Wells diacharged his gun at an Indian, who
fell ; the Indians fired at them, and wounded deacon Samuel Field, the ball passing through the right hypocondria,
catting off three plaits of the mysenteria, which hung out of the wound, in length almost two inches, which whs
cut off even with the body, the bullet passing between the lowest and the next rib, cutting, at its going forth, the
lowest rib : his hand being close to the body when the ball came forth, it entered at the root of the heel of the
thnmb, cutting the bone of the fore finger, and, resting between the fore and second finger, was cut out, and all the
wounds were cured in less than fire weeks, by doctor Thomas Hastings. — App. to Williaiiu' Narrative, j). 1 12.]

120

^mtallob^^ Ihilrtan Wiax^.

Massachusetts Bay, New-Hampshire and Nova-Scotia; have,
contrary to the several treaties they have solemnly entered into
with the said governments, made an open rupture, and have
continued some years in acts of hostility against the subjects of
his Majesty King George, within the said governments ; they
being now sensible of the miseries and troubles they have in-
volved themselves in, and being desirous to be restored to his
Majesty's grace and favor, and to live in peace with all his Ma-
jesty's subjects of the said three governments and the province
of New- York and colonies of Connecticut and Rhode-Island, and
that all former acts of injury be forgotten : have concluded to
make, and we do by these presents in the name and behalf of
the said tribes, make our submission unto his most excellent
Majesty George, by the grace of God of Great Britain, France
and Ireland, king, defender of the faith &c., in as full and am-
ple manner as any of our predecessors have heretofore done.

And we do hereby promise and engage with the Hon. William
Dummer, Esq. as he is Lieut. Governor and commander-in-chief,
of his majesty's province of the Massachusetts Bay, and with
the governors or commanders-in-chief of the said province, for
the time being : that is to say —

We, the said delegates, for, and in behalf of the several tribes
aforesaid, do promise and engage — That at all times, forever,
from and after the date of these presents, we and they will cease
and forbear all acts of hostility, injuries and discord, towards all
the subjects of the crown of Great Britain, and not offer the
least hurt, violence or molestation to them or any of them in
their persons or estates, but will henceforward hold and main-
tain a firm and constant amity and friendship with all the Eng-
lish, and will never confederate or combine with any other na-
tion to their prejudice.

That all the captives taken in this present war shall, at or

?3cnf)aUob3'!5 tnbian Wiax^,

121

before the time of the further ratification of this treaty, be re-
stored, without any rannoui or payment to be made for them or
any of them.

Tliat his Majesty's subjects the English, shall and may
peaceably and quietly, enter upon, improve and forever enjoy
all and singular their rights of land and former settlements,
properties and possessions, within the eastern parts of the said
province of the Massachusetts Bay; together with all islands,
inlets, shores, beaches and fishery within the same, without any
molestation or claims by us or any other Indians, and be in no
ways molested, interrupted, or disturbed therein.

Saving unto the Penobscot, Noixidgwock, and other tribes
within his Majesty's province aforesaid, and their natural de-
scendants respectively, all their lands, liberties and properties
not by them conveyed or sold to or possessed by any of the
English subjects as aforesaid ; as also the privilege of fishing,
hunting and fowling, as formerly.

That all trade and commerce which may hereafter be allowed
betwixt the English and the Indians, shall be under such man-
agement and regulation, as the government of the Massachu-
setts province shall direct.

If any controversy or ditference at any time hereafter happen
to arise between any of the English and Indians, for any real or
su])posed wrong or injury done on either side, no private re-
venge shall be taken for the same, but proper application shall
be made to his Majesty's government, upon the place for remedy
or redress thereof, in a due course of justice. We submitting
ourselves to be ruled and governed by his Majesty's laws, and
desiring to have the benefit of the same.

We also, the said delegates, in behalf of the tribes of Indians

inhabiting within llie French territories, (who have assisted us

in this war) foi- whonFwe are fully empowered to act in this
11 ,. . •

122

iPenftalloto^s hitnim Wiaxs.

'fl

present treaty, do hereby promise and engage, that they and
every of them shall henceforth cease and forbear all acts of hos-
tility, force and violence, towards all and every, the subjects of
his Majesty, the King of Great Britain.

We do further in the behalf of the Penobscot Indians pro-
mise and engage, that if any of the other tribes intended to
be included in this treaty, shall notwithstanding, refuse to con-
firm and ratify this present treaty entered into on their behalf,
and continue or renew acts of hostility against the English, in
such case, the said Penobscot tribe, shall join their young men
with the English in reducing them to reason.

In the next place, we the afore-named delegates do promise
and engage with the Honorable John Wentworth, Esq., as he is
Lieut. Governor and commander in chief of his Majesty's pro-
vince of New-Hampshire, and with the governors and com-
manders in chief of the said province for the time being, that
we and the tribes wo are deputed from, will henceforth cease and
forbear all acts of hostility, injuries and discords, towards all
the subjects of his Majesty King George, within the said pro-
vince ; and we do understand and take it, that the said govern-
ment of New-Hampshire, is also included and comprehended in
all and every of the articles aforegoing, excepting that article
respecting the regulating the trade with us.

And further, we the aforenamed delegates do promise and en-
gage with the Hon. Lawrence Armstrong, Esq., Lieut, governor
and commander in chief of his Majesty's province of Nova-Sco-
tia or Accadia, to live in peace with his Majesty's good subjects
and their dependents in that government, according to the arti-
cles agreed on with Major Paul Mascarene, commissioned for
that purpose ; and further to be ratified as ixientioned in the
said articles.

That this present treaty shall be accepted, ratified and con-

iPentallob's Intrian JBSars*

123

firmed, in a public and solemn manner, by the chiefs of the
several eastern tribes of Indians included therein at Falmouth
in Casco Bay, some time in the month of May next. In testi-
mony whereof, we have signed these presents, and affixed our
seals.

Dated at the Council Chamber in Boston in New-England,
this fifteenth day of December, Anno Domini, one thousand
seven hundred and twenty-five. Anno Regni Regis Georgii
Magnse Britannise, &c.. Duodecimo.

Sauguaaram

Arexus

alias Jjyron,

Francois ^J^ "^ Xavier.'

Megamimha. ,

A true copy taken from the original, executed by the Indian
delegates before the General assembly, December 15, 1725.

Attest, /. Willard, Seer.

Thus wc have seen the events of twenty-three years, in most
of which we have heard nothing but the " sound of the trumpet,
and the alarm of war." And in the time of the intervening
peace, we met with many interruptions and acts of hostility^
which prevented the growth of our eastern settlements.

It is surprizing to think that so small a number of Indians
should be able to distress a country so largo and po[)ulous, to
the degree we have related. The charge of the war in the last
three years, was no less than one hundred and seventy thousand
pounds ; besides the constant charge of watching, warding,
scouting, making and repairing of garrisons, &c., which may
modestly be computed at upwards of scAonty thousand pounds
more. Yet after all, the enemy have but little cause of triumph ;
for that one third of them (at least) have been destroyed, and
one of their tribes so shattered (at Norridgwock) that they are
never more likely to make any formidable head.

Now, as peace seems once more to be conpluded by the
treaty before mentioned, the greatest difficulty will be to sup-
port andmaintain it. If trading houses, which are now resolved
on, (by the wisdom of the government) be well regulated, it may
(under God) be a means of our tranquility ; especially if the
government can also prevail with them to receive the ministry
for their instruction in the principles of the true religion.

But although it was agreed on with the several delegates that
the treaty should be ratified and confirmed in a public and so-
lemn manner by the chiefs of the several tribes of the eastern
Indians at Falmouth in Casco Bay, some time in the month of
May ; yet when that time came they were not ready for it, but
seemed for some time uncertain and dilatory. Nevertheless the
government from time to time received advices of their contin-
ued desires of ])eace; and resolving that the failure should not
be on our part, his honor, the Lieutenant Governor, with a quo-
rum of his Majesty's council, ai\d a number of gentlemen from
the house of representatives, attended with a good guard, and a
fine train of young gentlemen, set out from Boston, on July 14,
and arrived at Falmouth the Itith.

On the 21st, his Honor received a letter from Wenemovet,

ipenftallotD^s Inbian Wars.

125

Sagamore and chief Sachem of the Penobscot tribe, dated at St.
George's July 19th, praying him to meet the Indians at Pema-
quid; which his honour absolutely refused, requiring him to
come to Casco, and promising him safe conduct.

On the 29th, Wenemovet arrived, with a number of his prin-
cipal men and others, about forty, and on the thirtieth the con-
ference for the ratification of the late Treaty was entered on ; and
on the sixth of August it was concluded.

The Penobscot tribe only appeared, but in behalf of all the
other tribes. The Canada tribes had been sent to bv them, and
had sent a letter (as they said) with two wampum belts ; the
one for their brethren of Penobscot, in token I sup})ose of their
being concluded by them in the present treaty, the other to be
presented to our Governor upon the ratification of the treaty;
which was accordingly presented.

The Lieut. Governor demanded of them, why the Norridg-
wocks were not there? Wenemovet answered, that they had
full power to act for them and for the Wowenocks and the Arre-
guntenocks, and the St. Francois.

The governments had many and large conferences with the
Indians ; worthy to be communicated to the publick, and which
would be an entertainment to the curious. In these conferences
the discretion and ])rudcnce of the salvages was observable as
well as the wisdom, justice, equity and tenderness of the
governors on our part.

One of the first things that the Indians desired of our govern-
ors was, that they would give order that the vessels in the har-
bor as well as the taverns ashore might be restrained from sell-
ing any liquors to their young men. The governor told them,
that he very much approved of that, and ^^ ould give order ac-
cordingly.

On Saturday July 30th, when the conference for the day was
11*

' i

126

IPcufjallob^s intian Wars.

over, the Lieut. Governor told them, "to-morrow is the Lord's-
Day, on which we do no bnsiness." Loron, their speaker,
answered readily, "to-morrow is oiii* Sabhath Day ; we also keep
the Day."

It may be a pleasure to the reader to ha\e the words of the
ratification of the treaty, both on our [)art and also on the part
of the Indians.

On the Indian's part, it ran in the following words.

We tlie underwritten Wenemovot, (;hief iSacli(Uii and Saga-
more of the Penobscot tribe, and other the chiefs with the rest
of the said tribe now couAented, having had the within articles
of Peace distinct! v and deliberutelv read over aiid interin'eted to
us: do by these presents in a pul)lick and solemn manner, as
well for ourselves as tor all the within mentioned tribes, from
whom we are delegated and fully im powered, ratify, aliirm and
confirm all and singular the within articles of Peace, to His most
Sacred Majesty King George ; and tliat the same and each of
them be, and shall continue and rcnain in full force, efficacy
and power, to all intents and purposes whatsoever.

Done and concluded at Falmouth in Casco Bay before his
Honour William Dummer, Esq. Lieut, governor and com.
mander in chief of his Majesty's province of the ^lassachusetts
Bay in Xew-England, and his Majesty's council of said province
the Hon. John Wentworth Esq. Lieut, governor of his Majes-
ty's province of IS^nv-IIampshire, an<l several of his Majesty's
council of said province, and Major Paul Mascarcne, delegated
from his Majesty's proxince of Nova-Scotia, or L'Accadia ; and
the several gentlemen that subscril)e hereto.

Witness our hands and seals, the fifth day of August, in the
thirteenth year of the reign of our sovereign lord George, by the
grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, de-
fender of the faith, &c. annoq. dom. 1726.

f5mf)albiD*3 itrian ^^am

127

On our part, the ratification )f tho treaty ran thus. By the
Honourable William Duuniior, Esq. Liout. governor and com-
mander in chief of his Majesty's [)rovince of the Massachusetts-
Bay in IS'^ew-England.

Whereas Wenemovet, the chief sachem of Penobscot, with
others his chiefs and the rest of said ti'ibe, convented at Casco
bay the 5th day of August, 1726, having solemnly and publickly
ratified the treaty of submission, made at J3oston the 15th day
of December last, and delivered t\w same to me, which I have
according accepted.

I do hereby ratify and confirm all the articles in the within
mentioned instrument.

Given under my hand and seal at arms, at Falmouth, in Casco
bay, the sixth day of August, in the thirteenth year of the
reign of our sovereign lord King George, by the grace of God
of Great Britain, &c. annoq. dom. 172(3.

WILLIAM DTJMMER.

By the command of his honour
the Lieut, governor,

John WaimvrigJif,

Clerk of the Council.

After the ratification was over, the Lieut, governor among
other things, desired them to say, what measures they propos'd to
take, whereby the inhabitants on our frontiers may be made easy
and safe, notwithstanding the Norridgwocks, &c. who did not
personally appear to ratify the articles of the present treaty?

They answered, that they would have the inhabitants of the
frontiers to be very careful, and that as soon as they return'd
home it should be their first care to send to all the tribes, and let
them know that there is a peace made.

The Lieut, governor ask'd them, will you lay your commands

128

)^mi)aUota'» inbian WLax^.

and injunctions on tho other tribes for that purpose, as far na
you are able ? Loron answered, wc will do our utmost to oblige
'em to live peaceably towards us.

The Lieut, governor replied, do you say you will resent it, if
any hostile acts or injuries should bo committed against our
people ?

Loron. Wo will resent such actions, and join our young men
with yours in such a case, an<l oblige them to be quiet and sit
down. We mean, in case any of the tribes should rise against
us, or resist us, we will take cHcctunl means to sot them down
by force. As to the first treaty we reckoned ourselves obliged to
this, but Ave accoimt wc are under much more and stronger ob-
ligations to it now ; since the engagements our whole tribe luivo
taken upon them, in ratifying the articles of the treaty. W\*
shall take effectual care therefore that any such persons br
obliged to sit down.

We have given onr words, and repeated our promises and en-
gagements ; and our words arc written down, and they will up*
pear afterwards against us.

When the whole conference was transcribed, it was on August
11, (may the day be memorable and happy to us and ours [d'tcr
us) distinctly read over and interpreted to Wenemovet and the
Indians with him : and the Lieut, governor asked them if they
understood it, and whether it was rightly taken down ? They
answered, that the conference was rightly taken down, and not
a word missing in it.

His honour then for their more full satisfaction subscribed
his name to it, and then delivered it to Wenemovet, chief sa-
chem, who with his principal men suoscribed to it, and delivered
it back to his honour.

And thus we hope by the will of God, that a happy founda-
tion is laid for a lasting peace. And we cannot conclude with-

?9rnl)aUoU)'s tnbiau Wiax^,

129

out a thankful acknowledgment of the great favour and nicnjy
of God to us, in the wise conduct given unto his honour the
Lieut, governor, both in the management of the war, and also of
the treaty of peace. May the comforts and rewards of a faith-
ful administration remain to him for ever ; and the happy fruits
of peace unto these provinces. Finis.

The/oUowing Lines were writim by Mr. Thoman C. Vpham, "o N. Hampshire poet,' on t/t9
occanion of a oinil to the place oj LoveweU'a Fights*

Ah! whore arc tho sokliors that fought here of yoro?
Tho sod is upon thein, they'll struggle no more.
The hutchot is fallen, tho red nmn is low;
But near him reposes tho arm of his foe.

Tho bugle is silent, the war-whoop is dead :
There's a nuinnur of waters and woods iu their stead
And the ruvon and owl chant a sy.Tii)hony drear,
From i\w dark waving pines o'er the combatant's bier.

The liitiit of the sua has just sunk in the wave,
And H long timo ago sat the sim of the brave.
Tho waters complain, as they roll o'er tho stones,
And the rank grass encircles a few soatter'd bones.

The names of the fallen the traveller leaves

Cut out with his knife in the bark of the trees,

But little avail his affectionate arts,

For the names of the fallen are graved in our hearts.

The voice of the hunter is loud on the breeze,
There's a dashing of waters, a rustling of trees ;
But the jangling of armour hath all pass'd away,
No gushing of llfeblood is here seen to day.

The eye that was sparkling, no longer is bright.
The arm of tho mighty, death conquered its might,
The bosoms that once for their country beat high,
To those bosoms the sods of the valley are nigh.

Sleep, soldiers of merit, sleep, gallants of yore,
The hatchet is fallen, the struggle is o'er.
"While th^ fir tree is green and the wind rolls a wave.
The tear drop shall brighten the turf of the brave.

' Taken from Farmer and Moore's Col. I, 36.