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it of truth he has confined liimself to his sacred ministry." Page 2.—" A man who died within the hist forty years, and consideretl one of the lights of the ISeminary of Quebec, whose president he was for many years, and who tau'/ht theology and }'hih>s()]iliy, and held as an oracle even among the bish(jps, Mr. Vicar-General Demers, did not h bitate to affivm to his i)Uj)ils, amongst other Gallican propositions, that the Pope was not in- fallil^ie, and tliat Councils weie above the Pope." According to the writer's views, our wliole legal and ecclesias- tical system was, previous to the Engli.Hh rule in Canada, and still is, in its essential and fundamental parts, infested with here- tical principles. Every provision of the law, whicli, for four hundred years, had been admitted and acknowledged as the uu- doid)ted law of Catholic France as regards the respective position of Church and State, of laymen and ecclesiastics, and the rights of the civil community to appeal to the Courts of Law in the interpretation of the Canon law, in reference to property, chur h temporalities, the liberty of the individual and the abuse of- clerical authority, in matters purely temporal ; all this was and . denly pronounced to be contrary to the rules of the church, and the twenty generations of French Catholics, who asserteil, de- . fended and never doubted their truth, are declared to have lived and died excommunicated, out of the pale of the church and beyond hope of salvation. The same sentence was pronounced against the venerable Mr- Demers, and all the Canadian Bishops, who admitted Ins doctrine, that the Pope was not infallible and that the Councils were above the Pope. Our Civil Code must be recast and found- ed upon this new theory, which must necessarily embody these new regulations. The plain meaning of this is that the clerical authority is and must be supreme ; that * ny interference by the Courts, and every principle incoroprated in ou Iraws, maintaining such interference > \ in ecclesiastical or (juasi (!cclesiasti(!al property, is heretical and must disappear, notwithstanding sucli may have been the law of France for over four centuries, and the law of Canfida for over two hundred years. The taxing of ecclesiastical property, the limitation of the possession of real estate by ecclesiastical corpoi'a- tions, [)rinciples accepted by all civilized Catholic communities, is held as monstrous, also the consent of the State for the terri- torial division of the country, and any judge attempting to enforce such laws is de facto excommunicated, as such principles are Gallican or liberal heresies. II.— CANADA AFTER THE COiNQUEST. Page 4. — " After the cession of Canada to Great Britain the situation did not imi)rove, although the free exercise of the (Jatliolic religion was guaranteed by the treaty." Page 5.— " The clerical authority, too much disposed, by the ])rofe8sion of tiiese Gallican errors, to yield to the civil authority, liad not the op}»ortunity, amidst its increasing ditficulues, to dis- pel tliese errors. <* The Canadians opposed an invincible resistance to the ])re- tensions of England when they became intolerable." The writer after stating that by providential events the Pro vince of Lower Canada remained exclusively Catholic and French says that their superior numbers entitle thenl to act indepen- dently, as they are not obliged to take in account the Protestant element, as in the other Provinces or in the United States, where this element predominates ; and, therefore, it is absurd to pretend that Catholics should fear the Protestants. Page 6. — " We have here truly perfect liberty to profess the Catholic religion in the Province of Quebec, and we can organize ourselves in as absolute a manner, in every respect, AS IN THE MIDDLE AGES. . " The Protestants, notwithstanding what has been said or at- tempted lately to arouse them, ofter no obstacle. Those who oppose this are liberals of our race, liberals whose leaders are openly impious, and who, for the most part, disguise and conceal themselves, and who even dare proclaim themselves sincere Catholics to alleviate the fears which they provoke and to attain more surely their work of destruction." III.—rEVOLUTIONAllY ;DEAS IN CANADA AND IHETK CONSEQUENCES. Paae 7 '' The; Logislati\ f Union of Lower and Upper Ctinada WHS consiiihniaU;d in 1840, and the Catholics of Lower .Canada obtained again the guarantee that their religions rights would Le protected and niuinlained. We were obliged notwithstanding to struggle seriously against Protestantism in the public admin- istration and in the enacting of laws. The struggle was the most serious, because our unbelievers and liberals made common cause with the Fr(.testants ; without th^s, notwithstanding the legislative union, we could have controlled the Protestants." IV.--riiOGi{EHS OF KEVOf-UTlONARY IDKAS. — MODE OF ACTION OF OUK IMPIOUS LIBEIIALS. Page 8. — " All tlujse who are at the head of the Tiiberal party in the Province of Quebec work with a persistent energy lor the destruction of Catholicism. "Tliey want the separation of Church and State, and even assert the sujireinacy of the State; they sow everywhere dis- trust of the clergy, whom they represent as greedy for wealth and j)ower ; they maintain that law, when ex})ressed by the will of the majority, is just and binding, even when in direct contra- diction with ecclesiastical law ; they deny to the Church and to the Pojie the right to inteifere in political questions; they claim the liberty of conscience, liberty oi' the press, and the lilx'Tty of doing everything in political matters ; they work with all their niiglit, whilst a])]iarently acting in concert vvitli the bisho]>s, ^vhen ap})ointed meml)evs of the Pioard of Education by persons disposed to secidarise education ; and they have already obtained grand success in that direction. " To strengthen themselves and to obtain recruits, our impious Liberals succeeded in' 1858 in being the great majority of the members of a celebrated literary institution fornjed several years previous, under the name ttf the Vliistitut Canadien. When masters of this association they crowded its library with pernicious books. " Mgr. Bourget, who so well deserved at the hands of (he Churc.'h during his long episcopate, and who has now letired in the calm of meditation nnd prayer, acted with just severity towards the members of the /7i.s/^'//uf. T!'ey C(»mplained to the Holy Oflicc, protesting their ortiiodoxy and their entire sub- mission to the Church. The Holy Office was almost taken in by their lying protestations ard was preparing a vtonitum to the Bisiiop, when the venerable prelate, warned iu time, trans- ^ mittcd documents of their own records, which could leave no room to doubt their <^'uilt. Pa^e 2. — " Our impious Liberals, which were also called Uoiiges, and who latterly assumed the name of liefovmers, to ri'tnove the odium which they had brought on theiuselvc;^, have repeatedly endeavored to secure the Government. Their object is to secure tlio triumph of ideas, and to substantiate tlidse ideas in fact and legislation. They were kept at bay by the Con- servatives. The latter are generally well disposed, but they are nevertheless still tainted with Callicanism and false notions by reason of their defective education." No clearer exposition of the result which this Ultrnrnoritane party seeks to obtain, and of their doctrine as to constitutional liberty, could be found anywhere. The obedience to the law, if contrary to their not'ons, is an heresy which courts and judges are bound to disregard; the rights of the clergy to interfere without ciieck or control in all political matters, the liberty of the press, the liberty of cdnscience, the control and direction of education by laymen, were so many damnable heresies, which they were in a fair way of extirpating, if they had not been timely arrested by Archbishop Taschereau. Here we find the novel information that the Institut Canadien had almost obtained the right of existence with the sanction of the Roman authorities, when Bishop Bourget transmitted to them documents compiled by himself without notiee to the Institut, which reversed the decision which had already censured his action. V. — NEW OOXSTITOTION — CONFEDEllATfON OF THE PUOVIXCES WITH A VIEW -OP FAVORIXG THE CATHOLICS OF LOWER CANADA. Page 11. — " In our Parliamentary debates and struggles, Lower Canada would always have ]iaralyzed the efforts of Pro- testant fanaticism and Upper Canada Orangeism, if all our French-Ctinadian representatives had been united to defcntl our true interests. But our Liberals, the lloug»;'s, numerous i.'uough in Parlijiment, have constantly sided with our bitterest enemies, as we have already stated. Matters had arrived at such a point that there was no possibility for Upper and Lower Canada to work together under a Legislative Union. It was then resolved 8 to remedy the situation by forming a Confederation of all the ]^)ritish I'rovinces." ra;^'e 12. — ''Our Catliolic Conservatives insisted particularly on tlie formation of ]'roviiicial Parliaments, with the object of securing to the ]*rovince of (Quebec, where the Catholi(;s were far m.re numerous thati tiie Trotestants, the right to govern thei:i,selves by trnhi CaffioUe kuvs. If it had not been for this objtct, tliere would have been no Provincial Legislatunw, as all the r>riti8h i'rovinces, except Queljec, being Protestant in majorily, one Parliament w^ould have been sutlicient for all." Piige 12. — " Onv Jiovgeti, who well understood that this new system would overthrow tlieir plans of impiety, made a most determined opposition to its success, whilst mosst of ihc Protes- tants, moved by a national feeling of equity, favorefl it. "Tiie Province of Quebec, which our Rouges were anxious to govern by non-Catholic, even unchristian, laws, would now have a local parliament, composed alnu)8t exclusively of Catho- lics, and thereby was saved from their baneful influence. There was I'eally room for des[>air," According to this Ultra Monte Conservative writer, had it not been for the so-called French Canadian Kouges, Lower Canada* before and without Confederation,could have controlled everything —and his ideas would have prevailed. It is difficult to under- stand how this party was thwarted, and more difficult still to perceive where the efforts of Protestant fanaticism mauilfestcd themselves, except when it came to an open declaration, claim- ing complete submission to this thorough revolution in our laws and constitution. Is it not on the contrary, owing to the close alliance and support of Protestants and Orangeism, that this so- C£dled ultramontane party. has achieved the great triumphs which the writer admits they have secured for the past thirty years, and is it not owing to this close alliance tliat judges of our courts have been appointed who professed publicly the doctrine that the laws of the land could not and would not be applied when- ever they were found, to be tainted with Gallicanism or contrary to the new doctrines, thereby transferring the absolute legisla- tive authority of repealing hiws to the clerical power alone. I' 9 s^ VI. — DECEPTION PRVCTISED BY THE LIBERALS TO OBTAIX POWER* "Tli'>. Libo'-iils (lid not ahiindon their aim, but furmod the plan to iirrive, at tli.'.ir oKjoct with the ttssistunce of the Trotcstants, h\(\ then to sway the Piovincial Parliarneut at Quebec, to pre- doniiiiate in the Provincial l^xrlianient was a HUprenie intiu'est for them, as Catholicism which they soeked to detstroy had its strongliold in Queboo." Page 13. — "They repudijited the name of roi(f/e and assumed that of Liberals, and subsequently called themselves reformers." Page 15. — "The clergy, notwitlistan ling all tlie calumnies ac- cumulated against it to destroy Vz .uiuiorityso disastrous to the liberals, exercised a jniramount influence on the j)eople. Seeing then that the Liberals were manu-uvring to secure power in Quebec to chistroy, when this was once secured, the anthority of the Church and Catholicism in its stronghold, the clergy then came to the determination of enlightening the fiiithful, and j»ut them on their guard, against those wno claiuied their suffrages in the ntime of these ideas. "To annihilate the efforts of this teiTible enemy, the Liberals worked with incredible energy and perseverance to bring Arch- bish./p 'Jaschereau to separate fiom his snf^ragans the other bislio])S. They sncceeded, through certain Liberal priests of the Archbishopric and Seminary ot Quebec, who were their friends, and who represented to the Archbishop that a series of evils would fall on him if he did not yield to them. " P)( sides, the weakness of Mgr. Taschereau was known. He WHS anxious to save his poi»ularity and be agreeable to his family, filled with Liberal ideas. The Liberals succeeded, under one pretence or another, for example, on the ground of peace, on the ground of the respect due to the sacerdotal character, which, ac- cording to ih/tm, forbids the priest to talk politics, to paralyse the influence and the action of the clergy, to gag the priest in the pulpit, and thus to obtain free scope. Mgr. Taschereau served them admirably by his circulars." VII. —OUR CATHOLIC LIBERALS — WHAT THEY SAY AND WHAT THEY DO, NOT TO BE CONSIDERED AS CONDEMNED BY THE HOLY SEE. Page 17. — " We have just seen who are our impious Liberals, whom the clergy have strongly fought on account of the perver- sity of their aims and the pest of their doctrines." Page 18. — *' As to the Catholic liberals, they are all those who 10 by reason of various interests, support or favor the first, in any maiMic whatsoever, more particularly by that tame-.spirit(Mlnesg M'hioli jtrompts to retrain silent /is Wiis so often rei)eate(l by Pius IX., of ilhistrious and holy memory, and they are very numerous aniongsi us. *' As our Liberals of all sliades are true Liberals, Lib- erals formed on the mode of those found in France and ])elt;;i(un, it is naturtil that we sliould pronounce that voting for them to send them to Parliument, to take part in the adinitiistratiori of ])nblic alfairs is of itself a serious fault, inasmuch as Pius IX. has declared that they cause more harm to society than to coni- rannists ! '' Paji;e 19. — "To blind us to tlieir real intentions ^our Catholic Liberals have recourse to a thousand artifices. They artempt, for example, to assume that they are as the Liberals of England, of the United States, or of Ontario, where the i'rotestauts rule and denia>id equal liberty for all in religious matters, and also ask that all -should e(iUully ])articipate in material pr( gress. Such Liberals are not those whom the Church condemns : they merely claim a liberty which is denied to the gcud, when grant- ed to the v,i3!9d. Whilst iiufiossible at the moment to secure the absolute control of Catholic authority, which is paramount to all other rights, they labor to obtain for Catholicis!n at least the same advautages which are allowed to false religions. " There is an abyss betM-een these men and our Liberals. The latter nt)t only acknowledge that we must indnlge in the practi- cal toleration required by circumstances, but when they assert that Protestants lm.vee(pud rights with Catholics they>^tillgo further. As the exercise of liberty appears to them legitimate, they are prepared to sacrifice the rights of the.Ohurch, and even its prin- ciples to free thought. "The Catholic Lil)erals further say that they are unjustly judged iisto their political alliance with Ontario representatives. They add that the (Jonservativts are on a par with the Conserva- tives. It is false ! " Page 20. — "What we exact is that our representatives should ally tlieinselves w^ith those of Ontario, who are most ftivoral.)le to all our true interests and, particularly, to our religious inter- ests ; and this is what the Conservatives have proved themselves to be. Tlie Liberals have proved themselves to be quite tiie op- posite. " If the Catholic clergy watches over politics so closely, it is because it sees in the'u principles of a superior order to protect or suppress." 11 Pa^e 21.-— "We hear tlie doctrine of liberty of conscienee and of the absohite authority of the state pruchiimed. They go so far as U> maintain thai if, in a political election, an elector is swayed by-a sermon to vote one way ratlier than the other, his vote is no longer free, and that this constitutes undue iniiuence. On this ground all God's commandments and those of the Church must be elTaced. "It is by vn-tueof such a principle that we have seen tln-ee political elections, Gaspe, Charlevoix and Berthier, annulled." Tage 22.— "This doctrine has been a])])lied by three judges, two of whom were Catholics. These judges held that they were boun to decide according to the laws of the land, and, as sueli, acknowledge no otiier law. Mgr. Taschereau, in whose diocese thcw horror, were enunciated, allowed them to pass unheeded when he could have prevented all this." Page 24. — " In conclusion let us say that truly LiV/erali'^m produ'ces in Canada the dreadful results indicated by Pius IX. ; it tears up the bonds of Catholic unity by autltorizing the fathful to sit in juilgment on their pastors, and to accept of their teachings only wh.-t suits them. ..and this phenomenon has re- vealed itself particularly since Mgr. Taschereau was appointed Archbishop of Quebec. " In one word the free judgment of Protestantism has pene- trated among us by the door which the so-called political Lib- eralism has opened to it." ; , To carry out effectively this system the Supreme Court must be abolished, or at least the Appeal to this Court from any de- cision in the Province of Quebec, also the appeal to the Privy Council, and this has been repe:,tedly announced and officially reported by the Government of the Province of Quebec. (See report of Judge Loranger.) • Finding thcit it was impossible to obtain their object with the Legislative LFnion of Canada, by the reason of opposition offer- ed on the part of the French Canadian Liberals, the writer in- forms tiie public that the scheme of confederation was devised with Provincial Parliament, for the sole " object of securing to the Province of Quebec, where the Catholics were more numer- ous than Protestants, the right to govern themselves ht/ truly Catholw laws." What oje truly Catholic laws the author has fully explained 12 and lie expresses his gratitude to the Protestants who assisted this party in obtaining this great success which saved the Pro- vince from the baneful influence of the Liberals, and destroyed them forever, if an unfortunate division in the clergy had not ; ro light them life. Tiie writer gives an historical account of the authorisation obtained by the Seminary of Quebec to establish tlie Laval Uni- versity, })p. 26, 27 and 28, which he asserts to have been secured by fraud, the idea of establishing a Catholic university having originated with Bishop Bourget, who was anxious " to dissipate the darkness of ignorance which covered the Province and to save the youth from the abyss of corruption wherein they rushed with furor.'' Page 25. — " Tlie Seminary of Quebec was Gallican, Classical studies consisted in giving to the students unexpurged i^agan works, they were allowed to study liistory ancient and modern, in books written from a bad point of view; and philosophy was taught according to a rationah'st system slightly mo(Ufie. — " Alx)ut the same time these things happened, those who had contested the election of Charlevoix, and who saw their pretensions set aside as unfounded in justice and in reason, by Judge Routhier, appealed from his judgment to the highest tribunal, the Supreme Court, which reversed the decision of Judge Routhier. " Mr. Jean Thomas Taschereau, brother of the Archbishop of Quebec, was one of the judges, and he expressed the o[)inion of the Court on the occasion, and enunciated the most false and im- IB pious propositions. He asserted that instructions given by the priest in tlie pulpit could really give cause to undue influence. " He denied therefore to the priest the right t(j assert that it could be a serious crime to accejit aimther puliti(X) religious opinion, and he declares that clergymt ': 'who dare attempt it are amenable to the civil courts. He went .-o far as to say that the law of the laud was the only rule for the courts in public matters." IX. — MOR. CONROY, APOSTOLICAL DELEGATE. ; , Page 77. — "The situation was in this painful condition when it was annouiiced, in the winter of 1877, that Mgr. Conroy, Bishop of Arnuigh, was coming to Canada, with powers of a delegate from the Holy See. '' II gr. Conroy seems to have made every effort to destroy all ifthat I'ius IX. had stated in his allocutions and decrees on the subject of Liberalism, and particularly Catholic Liberalism." Page 82. — *' Mgr. Conroy pretended, and this on many occasions, that one could vote for a Catholic Liberal, acknow- ledged as such, and even for a downright infidel, whose name he himself mentioned. This person, however, Mr. Eodulph Latlanime, was an.xious to become a representative for the sole object of securing the triumph of evil doctrines. Nevertheless, Bishop Conroy absolutely declared that it was allowable to vote for him." Page 85. — "Mgr. Conroy added that Mr. Mackenzie, Prime Minister in the Federal Government of 1877, supported by our Liberals, was equal to Sir John Macdonala, supported by the ritramontanes." Page 8(3. — " Admitting, as Mgr. Conroy says, Messrs. Macken- zie and Macdonald were as good personally as politicians, there ■was a great difference, and here is the proof : " Whenever Sir John was the head of the Government, he called as Ministers to support him frani the Province of Quebec the most sincere anil devoted Catholics, and whenever it was in liis power he yielded to the Catholics in every question where they had an interest." Page 93. — "Mgr. Conroy did everything in his power to confirm the Liberals in their error with Piua IX. so often " stigmatized." Page 97. — "Unfortunate Mgr. Conroy! He obtained exactly the contrary of wliat he was seeking. Some time after the pas- toral letter of the 11th of October, he received letters informing 16 ■'^. him of what injuries he liad done us; how he was hnvered in tlie estimation of the clergy, and of all good citizens. He j'eceived a heap of letters of ihis kind, and then he found him- self isolated. Apart from a few Libeiuls, everyone shunned him, because eveiyone had lost confidence in him." ]*age U8. — '* Truly, the visit of Mgr. Conroy to Canada has been a great misfortune for us. His mission has made us retro- gade immensely in the path of true progress. In a word, he has ])re pared horrible disasters, which will befall us in a short time if Providence does not come to our rescue. "This is what BislKjps tliink and say, and with them most of the priests, and all good citizens." X. — QUESTIOX OF THE RESTORATION OF THE JESUITS' PROPERTY. Page 104. — "We have stated in the previous chapter that the sums allowed by the Government every year to the various educational establishments of the Province are derived from the property of the Jesuits, which it unjustly detains." Page 105.' — "The Catholics, who were neither Gallicans nor Liberals, always maintained a hope that this pro])erty would be restored to their legitimate owners, against whom the Govern- ment for many reasons could not prescribe. " Circumstances seemed favorable for reparation to all the injury caused to this illustrious Society when our political con- stitution was altered in 18G7, "vVhen, as we have already stated, the Province of Quebec had obtained the right to govern itself. It had self control over the Jesuits' estate, and as our represen- tatives were mostly all Catholics, no reason seemed to exist for refusing restitution. " In consequence the Jesuits a few years ago laid claim to this property, and the thcai Prime ]\Iinister of t^uebec, a Ciitholic, Mr. Ouimet, now Minister of Education, wrote on the subject to Cardinal Antonelli that there would be a revolution in Canada if tiie Holy See insisted on the restitution, and that the Govern- ment wished to treat of this matter with the ArchiMshop alonj' Page 106. — "The minister who replaced Mr. Ouimet was the Honorable Mr. de I)Oucherville. He took up this question of the property of the Jesuits, and he was determined to settle it as justice and religion prescribed ; the more so as the K.P. fathers were satisfied to accept $4U0,000 in lieu of all restitution. Not- withstanding his good intentions Mr. de Boucherville was hin- dered in the accom])lishment of his designs." Page 107. — " The gentlemen of the Seminary of Quebec, who 17 wish to be the only great luminaries of heaven in Canada, fear nothing so much as the influence of the Jesuits, and ciusidcr as a public calamity uieir appearance at Quebec us teachers of youth. " To remove every hope from the Jesuits to re-open their colh^ge at (Quebec, the question was hurriedly mooted of de- molishing their old college, then vacant, under pretence that this solid edilice, more solidly fonstructed than the present Seminary of Quebec, threatened to full. " A number of Catholics protested, in the newspapers and else- where, against this act of vandalism, which consummated an odious and sacrilegious usurpation. Mr. de Boucherville, to calm the scruples ot his conscience, consulted then, as it was stated at the time, the highest ecclesiastical authority of the Province, i.e., Mgr. Taschereau, and the answer of the prelate was that demolition must be etlected." So it is evident that the influence of the ultramontane clergy, for many years back, was exercised in our political wcrld, and Confederation was created with the object of securing to the Jesuits the restoration of their property, in lieu of which they obtained ;$4:00,000 from our bankrupt Province. P CONCLUSION. Page 115, — "The conclusion of all that precedes is that the Holy See must interfere in the settlement of our affairs, and, considering the errors which prevail here, condemn such errors." " Unfortunately, this we could not obtain until now." " Let all the liberal errors pointed out by Pius IX be con- demned for Canada." " Lot the principles of Christian reform in education be affirmed." " Let religious authority be affirmed, and openly, more par- ticularly with respect to the visitation of schools, and the liglit to use in schools only such books as the reliyious authority Tiiayappnwe," * *' Let the civil authority be declared inferior and'subject to the ecclesiastical, and let the property formerly belonging to the Jesuits be restored to them, the legitimate owners," " And, lastly, let M()ntreal have its University, so that it can organize it on a Catholic basis." 18 The foregoing comments were written on the publication of till) iiamphk't reviewed. The confession and disclosures made were so startlini^, and proved so conclusiv(dy the action of the nltraniontane party, directed by the Jesuits in Canada, that the hiti'avchy in the District of Montreal became alarmed, and imme- diately ordered its suppression. According to the above pamplet it is evident that its authority and ideas were entirely derived from Jesuitical sources. Its object was to secuie to the Jesuits the restoration of their property or a ])roi»er indemnity, owing to the great services which have l)een rendered by them in securing the triuiDph of ultramontane ideas. According to these views everything done in Canada by the church, down to the promul- gation of this new light in the relations of church and stnte, was absolutely heretical ; and the Jesuits and their followers were the only true exponents of Roman Catholic ideas. If we consider the principles enunciated in this pamphlet as expressing their doctrine, no liberty or independence of any kind can be maintained. ^ ' And it is somewhat consoling to true Liberals of the Pro- vine of Quebec to find a confes'^ion so clearly expressed, that it is owing entirely tr> the action, sanction and assistance of the Protestant Conservatives of Canada, that the Jesuits have suc- ceeded in asserting and securing the predominance of their ideas. Any person conversant with the history of our country for the last fifty years will admit that it is since the introduction of' the Jesuits into Canada,and their incorporation under the fictitious name of the College of St. Mary in 1854, that these ideas have originated and been developed into actual results. At that period the Parliament of Canada, even the French Catholic representatives, would not have given their sanction to the introduction of the Jesuit order as such. The ideas then prevailing among the intelligent class of the population were en- tirely against them. The popular u-aditions were unfavorable to them, and so they introduced themselves under a disguised name to avoid any discussion. The prevailing objection to their institution amongst the en- lightened and liberally educated, was that of civilized Europe, that they were dangerous, constantly intriguing in secret in every class of society, to obtain the control of the connnunity, and secure political power, with the constant aim of estabiishing depotism, which they would direct, and that they were waging " an incessant and relentless war against all liberal ideas. 19 Tinmcdiately after their admission, tho individual niemhors of this new cot|>oialion displayed gi'(*at energy in. historical and literary works. They established at first a modest school, secured grants, and donations, under one pretence or another, exercised all the iiiliu- once they could bring to bear in order to obtain a foothold, and a college, where their rei)Utatiou as teachers, would attract a good proportion of the patronage of the richer members of society. Tliey introduced elo(|uent ])reachers of their nrder, and .soon obtained a congregation of admirers from the wtuillhier class of the community. J'inding tliat the educated young men were mo.stly republican and liberal, and anxious for free discussion and inquiry, they organized a debating society under tbe name of L'lnstitut Cana- dien. The members of the order dev<)ted special attention to this young [association gave their services as lecturers, and were most assiduous in their diffusion of historicaland scientific notions. Tlie}^induced two members of the Sulpician order to assist them in their work, who subsequently proved devoted friends of the Jesuit order — ttie Rev. Messrs. DeCharbonnel, and Pinsonneaidt, wlio, notwithstanding their obligations to their own order, waged an incessant warfare against the Suli.>iciaus for refusing to as>.ist the Jesuits by contributions of money and otherwise. They succeeded in driving out the Superior of the Sulpicians at Montreal, Mr. Quiblier, who was interdicted by Bishop Bourget, or at least suspended, and who died'broken-hearted in England. Mr. DeCharbonnel uftered his services in conjunction with the Jesuits to the Inst i tut Cauadien. Atiy contem]iorary will renu^mber that he delivered a lecture on George Wa.shington, in the cliurch of St. James on St. Denis street, which -was crowded on the occasion, when he said he believed Washington to be a saint, and that he would have no hesitation to offer nuiss for the repose of his .soul. This lecture was followed by several others, delivered by Rev. P. Martin, of the College of St. Marie, on various inter- esting subjects. During these proceedings several attempts were made by Reva. DeCharbonnel and Pin.sonneault to induce the members ef the Institut Canadien to accept one of these reverend gentlemen as director of their society, which, however, the young men posi tively declined to do. Then arose the opposition to the Institut Canadien, and its persecution inspired by the Jesuits, actively s ipported by M'" Piusonneault, which ended in its destruction. 20 i \ .During tliis period tlie .lesuil order liad increased considerably in intluoiice and wealih. Tlioy built up t heir collej^'e and cliurch, and all kinds of attractions, theatricals, concerts, itc, were used to induce the imaginative and sensational ])art of the Com- munity to join. They obtained absolute control of the female j/ortion of the aristocratic Jioman Catholics, and they had from their installation, comi>lete control of Bishop Boiirget, to whom they owed their existence. At this same })eriod began the war of the bishop against the so-called Gall i can ideas. The dress of the clergy M'as changed, the use of the llonian Mantle, and Hat, and the bands were proscribed. In the churches, the old time ornaments on the church wardens seats, the crucifix and candelabras, were ordered to be removed and described by the Bishop as munmier- ies. The old French ritual was suppressed, as well as all the iincient Gallican ceremonies. Everything which could recall the memory of the Gallican Church was obliterated and had to give way to Koman and uitrainontane rules and forins. This revolution in tiie outward fuims was ao^.imjianied by a ferocious M'ar against the exercise of any independent control of the temporalities of the (Jhurch by the laymen. The faliri<|ue M'as a national institution, a quasi municijial body electing its own officers. Ko expendituie could be ordered without their sanction, and any exi)endituve over one hundred francs (sixty dollars) had to be submitted to the approval of all the parish loners. Any violation of these laws could be visited by a penalty. These laws, our courts, as well as French tribunals, for cen- turies never doubted, Their authority on the.se subjects was never questioned. All these old laws, institutions and customs were found to offer serious obstructions to th'3 exercise of absolute and arbitrary authority, and were tlie subject of incessant attack on the ground of heresy and anti-religious principles, &c., &c. . • The history of our jurisprudence affords the best evidence of the success of the ultramontane party directed and inspired by the Jesuitp. The legislature was constrained to yield to their directions, and our starute book shows their servility. Hardly any of the old institutions remain, and our courts have become the registrars of their death sentences. The principle now consecrated is that the Bishop hap absolute power to dispose of the funds of any church. The election of 21 the church wav(lenshns bcconn'. a farce, and by several statutes haa l)oen coin|>lctL'1y alujlislied in ruany localities. On tlie arrival of the Je8uits, sevt^.ral collc«»es were ])laped under their contn, and th(\v prepared tlieir Mcliemos and \n'o- granmie f<»r the eiliicaii(»n of the youth of the rroviuce. Alt.solute power wna the only true principle of gov- ernnient. J)(Muocraticor eonstitulioual ideas were rank heresies, the aVisolute sufiKjniaey of the church, :;lie complete inunun'tiea of the clergy, their al»ss, had found able exponents in France at the beginning of this century, when the same assaults were made a;^ainst the Galli(}an Church and its principles. The French clergy were aroused and alarmed. The great majority ot the French Cardinals, Arehijishops and Bishops issued a declaration condemning them in most explicit ■^erms. After lamenting the spread of impious and infidel docitriues the declaration proceeds in the following terms : — " Why must the success which they (the clergy) had a right *' to expect be compromised by attacks of a different nature, it " is true, but whicli could entail new dangers for the State re- " ligion ? Maxims sanctioned by the Church of France are " loudly denounced as outrages against the divine constitution " of the Catholic Church, as a work profaned by schism and " heresy, as a ja-iifession of political atheism. "• B>ut what astounds and atliicts us most is the rashness with " which an attimpt is made to revive an opinion born in olden •' times, irom the midst of the anarchy and confusion in which " Europe was placed, which has been constantly repelled by the ♦• French clergy, and which had fallen into universal oblivion, •* by which the Sovereign authority was held subject to the " spiritual power, to the extent of liberating their subjects of '• the 0(Uh of allegiance. 22 \h i>u' ■Km: -is '* In coiusequeiice wo Cardiimls, ArcliliishopH and Bislmps im- " (lc5!•^^ignecl (.Icclaro we owe to France, to tlio l^Jivinc MiniHtry, " Nvliich liiiH boen confided t ) us, and to the true intt'ivst-H of re- " I'l^iou in the divers Christian coniniiinities — to declare that we " repudiate the ([ualifications wliich have heen used to hlastaud '* dis<:;ra('e the maxims and memory of our ])n!de(;e.ssor.s in tlie " Episcopate, the we inviolably adhere to the doctrines which " they have transmitted on the right of Sovereini, and they were at last obliged to yield and apparently submit to this tyrannical desuotism. The same course was followed by the clergy throughout the community at large. Every jtarish priest became subservient, and most of them enthusiastically accepted the piogranime. Every professional man had to yield, and was eiiliste;i-in tlui ranks of this new party tnnier penalty of losing subsistence. Yiol(M)t sermons were delivered against liberal ideas everywhere- until the people were brought up to the idea that religion and liberal political princi[)les were irreconcilable. The Jesuits with all this influence offered their assistance to the political powers of the day. It was gladly accepted on their own'terms. Besitles threats they offereil allurements, which wi^re almost irresistible to a young man, however independent he might be. Any one, however incompetent otherwisif, who yiehled submissively to their inlluencc and consented to become their servant, was extolled and pronounced a born legis- lator. With the inlluence the society wielded over the whole community they found constituencies prepared to accept their nominees, every cure becoming a canvasser in the pulpit and in the confessional. The order exercised an almost unlimited con- trol over families. Whenever there was a rich heiress to be found they had a proper subject to offer from their pupils to secuic the hap))iness of each. Thus they secured the everlast- ing support and gratitude of the haj>py couple, and a guarantee of further and more effective su])port. The object of tlmexposff made by the writer of the panii)lilet, '* La Source du Mai,'' was to secure the unanimous and servile vote of the representatives of the Province of Quebec, in furtherance of Jesuit designs, and it was easily conceiveable that with sixty-Jive members voting as a unit in the Commons of Canada, any politioal wan of common intellect could control the destinies and legislature of the Dominion of Canada. When Sir George Cartier thought it was time for him to res'st this dictatorial power, and opj)osed the wishes of Bishop Bourget about the dismemberment of the parish of Montreal, this 24 irri . '. h system received a severe cheek. The Jesuits sincerely believed tliat tiiev could imniliilate liini and substitTite another more pliant tool. \[ \ve consider the influence of the Jesuits on the elewentary education of the peo])le of the country, we find the same disastrous results. Until th(>ir arrival in this country we had free schools and colleges, which were coni])arativeIy hb- eral in their iloctrines. as the writer of the pamphlet so bitterly coniiJains of. Our parishes were under the supervision of an entirely national clergy, who participated in the feelings of the peoj)le and who were anrious to seciire fur their ])eople the advantages of a good substantial education. The parish prit^sts were thonjugh geiitlemen, having sub.-tantial means of living, and were generally independent and had no fear of expressing their opinion to their ])isliop. This w as a serious di^cuky to overcome ; but Bishop Rourgei, inspired by che Jesuits, suggested a very elementary system. The piU'islies were sub-divided. Any priest offering the slightest sign of independence was instantly removed and deprived of his living ; each subdivision of parishes impoverished tne curate, who depended upon its revenues for Ids living. The curate in consetpience became entirely subservient to the will of the bishop. The ]tarishioners, the habitants, were called upon to erect new churches at enormous cost, fur which the clergy had a right to levy direct taxation upon tiie real estate of the parish. The plans had to be submitted to the bislio|!, and extravagant stnictures were imposed upon the poorest class of the com- munity. When the dismembered portions of the old parishes erected svtrh costly churches, the churches remaining in the older • portions of the parish w-ere imme'liately condemned by the clerical authorities as insuibcieiit and unsuitable. Although it remained nominally with the majority of the parishioners or laud owners to decide upon the propriety of erecting a new church, the moment, the priest declared that it was necessary to electa new f)ne, upon a repre- SfMitation to that effect by the bishop, they were enjoined to decide upon a new construction. If they refused to do so, as in many instances they did, the result was immediate excommunication of the whole parish, whereby no christening, no marriage, no burial, could be etlccted with the rites of the church. Everyone can understand that iu a community like ours, threats of this I 25 description carried out, secure inimediate eompliance with the orders of the hierarchy. CliiUh'euaiiJ women, will weep until tlieir fathers and husbands yield obedience. Under our laws any bishop or priest exercisin.-i; such power ■would be amenable to the tribunals, and enjoined to desist from Euch a course. But these laws were pronounced Gallican, here- tical, and violating the riglits, privileges and immunities of tho church, lience the supr 'me efforts made by them in tlie Guibord case, and their rage when defeated in the Privy Council. But to prove their power, they commanded the Legislature of Quebec to yjass an act, which enacts tliat the cv.r^ in eveiy parish shall absolutely and exclusively decide if any party is entitled to christian burial within tlie cemeteries, and this act Mas unani- raoualy adopted and sanctioned by a crushed and terrorised legislature. We now see the country covered with churches of maguiticenl architectural proportions, wliich indicate im- mense wealth on the part of those who cont^ributed to their erection, butwhicli, unfortunately, only prove our poverty and want of indepeiidence. Thousands of our brave compatriots have takt-n uj) their abode in the neighboring republic, to escape exorbitant taxation for this extiavagance. In painful contrast to these magniticent structures is the village school ; a niisej'able wooden siianty, baie, cold and clieerless ; badly ventilated ; comjiletely devoid of all comfovts and conveniences ; presided over by a young girl of 17 or 18, drawing a miserable pittance of $T) per annum ; boarding herself. Is it a wonder that the pupils, for tlie most part, are withdrawn as soon as they have been })repared for their first communioii at the age of ten or twelve years. Of reading, writing and aritlnnetic they know nothing. Is it surprising that our English-speaking compatriots are more advanced than we are. These are some of the results of Jesuit influence in the Pro- vince of Quebec. The excuse may be tirged, that they found the soil favorable. They seek to bring our population back to the ignorance of mediaeval times, keeping them in blissful ignorance of the ]iro- gress of the 19th century, sulv^tituting for modern science the study of Gury, and the sainted Liguori. Without despotio ecclesiastical power, and a combination with the political parties, their teachings and doctrines would be harmless with an enlightened population; but with a .aa ority, J '■j"- 20 wanting the elemetits of primary education, they are able to consolidate the vote as a unit and to sell it to the highest poli- tioal bidder. Their policy has succeeded to a certain extent in the Province of Quebec, thanks to the venality of our political leaders, ■who place party before country, and personal aggrandizement to the public welfare. But a reaction will take place. They can never again succeed on the Continent of America in establishing a second Paraguay. And it is a wild delusion on their part to persist in an attempt to apply their doctrines to Canada. Up to this time, the result has been dissensions, bitterness, strife and desolation. It was astounding to see that in the Parliament of Qu( bee not a voice was raised to protest against the incorporation of this society. It was evident that the most of the ultra-conservatives or ultramontane r^^*presentatives, Mr. DeHoucherville and Consorts, hesitated, although conscious-stricken, to yield to the Jesuits demand for indemnity, and it is passing strange to see that it was a so-called Liberal Government which has secured to them botli the indemnity and their incorporation. The aitparent result is that, after the Jesuits, through all their manoeuvres, have al-tempted to destroy and annihilate every Liberal senti- ment, it was through the- Liberal party of Quebec they have triumphed ; and history will record that after thirty years of strug- gle with the Jesuits, the Liberal party has secured power for them in the Province of Quebec. When we consider from a national point of view the result of their victory, it comes to this : The clergy of Quebec City at great sacrifice organized for the province of Quebec an institution of learning,— the Laval University,\vhose success every patriotic num desired to secure. Because of some exjiressions of seini-liberalty the Jesuits ami the ultramontane party, their adepts raised a cry against Laval ; iind in order to obtain tlie sinews of war to destroy this apparent menace to their cherished ideas, they are establishing a rival university in Montreal, which will have the sole ellect of weakenhig both, or to destroy Laval altogether. If unfortunately the Jesuits are successful, they will substitute, as the directing educational power in our Province, a body which has no feeling of nationality whatever, and which ackiu)wledges no authority whatevei, civil or ecclesiastical, beyond that of their own General in Homo, who is a foreigner. Having no knowledge of, or sympathy with the feelings of our comnxunity, their wants or their aspirations, 27 it must be obvious that our destiiii(33 in Canada — econo- mical, social and political, — must be in accord with the civilization, and political ideas of this continen^. The fol- lowing extracts from Lo Chiesa e la Stato del P. Matteo Liljev- atore, D.C., D.Gr., Seconda Edizione corretta ed accresciuta, Napoli, 1872, show at a glance the modern policy of the church now completely UTider Jesuit influence. " The state must* understand itself to be a subordinate sov- ereignty exercising ministerial functions under a superior sovereignty, and governing the people, conformably to the will of that Lord to whom it is subject." p, IJ. " It is that Sovereign Pontiff * the visible monarch' of God's realm on earth, ' to whom every baptised person is more strictly subject than to any temporal ruler whatsoever.'" p. 14. "The temporal sword, symbol of civil authority, has to be subordinate to the spiritual sword, symbol of priestly author- ity." p. 23. " The church is empowered to amend and to cancel the civil laws, or the sentences proceding from a secular court. Whenever these may be in collision with spiritual weal, and she has the faculty to check the abuse of the executive and of the armed forces, or even to prescribe their ew.plogment whenever the requirements for the protection of the christian faith may demand this, the jurisdiction of the church is liigher than the civil, &c." p. 4G. '•' The primary condition of an efficacious alliance between the laws of the state, and the laws of the church lies in the a])pli- cation of coereive ^neavs., in every instance where spiiitual penalty may be inadequate." p. 78. * The ).j)ital and substantial ground, wherefore liberty of con- science 'hiust be reprobated, is neither peace nor nationrl unity, but ill truth the obligal ion to profess the true faitli, and thereby insure the attainment of man's superior good. Peace and national unity may be invoked as a seconuary ground (being likewise a benefit), but only on the supposition that ^/ie^rwfyai^^ is preserved. For in the contrary case the saying of Christ holds good, I came not to send peace but a sword ; national discord being beyond comparison a lesser evil than persistence iu some error regarding a point of faith." p. 77. Father Liljeratove is one of the ablest writers of the Civilta Catttolica, the authorized oi'gan of the church, by the brief ad hoc t)f Pius IX, who gave the sole control of its columns to the Society of Jesus. 28 I'i Hi ii The secTotliisto.y of the incor])oratiou and einlowmeDt of the Siiciety of Jesus in Quebec is curious, and affords the proof of their constant intrigues. The writer of the ])ampldet "La Source du Afal," admits that the Jesuits liave been attempting to recover tlieir pro])erty for many years. They found at last a true Conservative Minister i-n tlie Honorable Mr. DuBoucherville, with whom it was settled tliat they were to receive $-l:00,()00 in lieu of '.heir property. He was raise.d to power by their influence, but he could iid carry out his I'ledge- He was replaced by others, and they also were afraid. Fih(lin<4 the Conservatives liesitating and timid, althougli willing, Ml. Mercier, one of their pupils, undertook to execute their sclieme for the sake of jwwer, for which alone he was anxious. It seemed difficult, but the obstacles were easily and magically overcome. Mr. Mercier, wl-.o entered politics as a violent Conservative, despairing of gratifying his ambition by this course, suddenly became a Liberal. His talents and energy secured him the leadei'ship of the party. With only thirteen followers, his ])ros])ect of success was problematic. So eager was he for office that he openly offered an alliance to Mr. Cliap- leau, then at war with the ultramontane faction, the Castors. The Liberals protested against this combination, and the Con- servatives, forseeing no fav(U'able results, declined the offer. After this Mr. Mercier conceived the idea of another combination. The bond was made with the Jesuits, he promised to secure their desiriid object. He apparently claimed to be the leader of the Liberal jiart} , and was declared at a meeting in the hall of the Jesuits "the man of Providence." He now studiously avoided the term of Liberal for himself and for the party which he was leading. He found ready-made followers in the ulti'amontane or the castor faction, who puljlicly disclaimed any taint of Liberal ideas, and who were promised complete sway. Theti Mr. Mercier ininounced the formatioji of the national party in which the last vestiges of liberalism disappeared. Ho continued his work, and to secure popular opinion he took advantage of the Kiel cry, as all know. He fulfilled his obligation. The Jesuits ivei'e incorporated. The endowment was obtained. Most reac- tionary measures were carried. Everything the ultramontane cleigy claimed was granted. His Eminence Cardinal Taschereau was publicly snubbed. Not a single measure of reform promised was effected or even attempted. The ultramontanes were dominant and satisfied. " The man of Providence" enjoyed the 29 sweets of office and with tlie menace of seeing the so-called Conservatives restored to pt)wer, he secured the .silence and suhniission of tlie Liberals who assisted at their own funeral. Ill the words of a recent writer on the Jesuit question : ''Silent- ly but ruthlessly that stealthy organization, which calls itself the Society of Jesus — in grim pursuit of what it also calls the Greater Glory of God — has laid siege to. broken into, and razed these glorious and venerable sanctuaries in Italy, in Germany, and above ail in France, whence, during generations, thero had beamed f(»rth across the wide pLiin of the Catholic world, with the calmly luminous glow of purified light, the mellow gleam of a religious sentiment, which did not divorce the fervor of Catholic piety from candid leai ^' ■ and heart-felt attai;hment to liberties, any more than it considered essential for the triumph of the faith to [iropogate a belief in coarse superstitions, and to fortify the churcli by a network of trickeries." All that remains to restore the old order of things is for the Liberal party to sejiarate from its present leadership, and recon- stitute the party on the basis of the original platform — so nobly fought f(jr by the Papineaus and Dorions of old — true Cana- dians and true Liberals. The conclusions of the author of the pamphlet have, in this yeai" of 1889, beer fully realized. The Jesuit Fathers were incorporated in 1888, and $400,000 has been awardeti to them out of the P)-o\ incial Treasury, to which they were not legally entitled. Thus the union of church and state is recognized. The autliority of the l*ope to interfere in and regulate our Provincial all'airs has been otficially recognized on our statute' book. ThiC Itomau Catholic Schools are now completely unJer clerical control. The mild Christian rule ol' the good Sulpicians has been superseded by that of the Jesuit Fathers. The noble and princely revenues of the Seignioiies of Montreal and Two Mountains, left in trust to the Sulpicians by the kings of France, as an endowment for the su))i)Orts of schools and church for the benelit of the Koman Catholics of the Island of Montreal aud the Seigniory of Two Mountains, are now diverted from their original destination. Roman Catholic real estate, formerly exempt from school taxes and the cost of public worship, is now taxed for these, purposes. Tiie revenues of these seigniories is now finding their way to Rome to erect a stately college, and doubtless to benefit other foreign countries. m :-*^;;t 30 The rule of the Sulpicians was a mild, benollcent, and chvistian admiTiistratioii. The Gentlemen of the Seminary of St. Sulpice were, and still are, respected by our Protestant brethren and loved by the Roman Catholics fnr their broad charity and uniform christian spirit. Formerly, when the Seminary of St. Sulgice took charge of jjublic worship and education, the Grey Nuns of orphans, and helpless old people, the sisters of the Congrefjation of Notre Dame, the Hotel Dieu Hospital, and the instruction of young childien, every thing went on ])eacefnlly enough. The clergy ut if •'the public representative proposes to modernise, or im- prove our system of elementary education, or to develop the 32 intelligence of his countrymen ]>y trying to bring them up to the standard of tlio 19th cc^ury progress, he will be denounced as impious and heretical, iliere is no longer any independence of thought or action amongst our so-called .statesmen, we are simply transforming our "^jublic men into trimmers, opportunists and hypocrites. The boodler was unknown under the regime of the Papineaus and the Cartiera. It is a modern creation. The church has suffered by contact with tlie politicians. Its attempt to dominate the state, and direct our Legislators, has resulted iu a marked deterioration in the morals of our public men. Is it not time for the church to abandon its dream of temporal rule, and return to its proper sphere of spiritual teac-hing, t,\nd the promotion of public morahty ? One word, in conclusion, to our English speaking compatriots. For years a noble band of our French-speaking brothers fought for progress imd the advancement of their countrymen. They were denounced, persecuted, and ostracized by their clergy During all this time the English-speaking vote was for the most part cast against this band of heroes and reformers, and the pre- sent state of public affairs in the Province of Quebec is the result. The grand old Liberal party, composed of as good Catholics as any, who asked only the separation of state and church, and the liberty to educate and promote the material interests of their countrymen, were entitled to the support of all good and thoughtful men. In their struggle they hoped for and expected the support of their English-speaking fellow countrymen. They did not re- ceive it. May we not hope that the lesson will not be lost, and that so soon as the old Liberal flag is raised again by true pa- triots, all true Canadians will rail}' mare strongly to its support. to the ced as Jiice of simply sta and of the Tlie ittempt ilted in nipijral nd )atriot8. fought They ' clergy he most the pre- ec is the latholics L'ch, and of their x)d and pport of not re- lost, and true pa- support.