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Un des symboles suivants apparaftra sur la derniire imago do cheque microfiche, selon Ie cas: Ie symbolo —► signifie "A SUIVRE", Ie symbol* V signifl* "FIN". Maps, platss. charts, *tc.. may b* film*d at different reduction ratios. Those too large to b* *ntir*iy includ*d in on* oxposur* ar* filmad beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, ae meny frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the msthod: L*s cartas, planchas, tablaaux, ate, p*uv*nt Atr* filmte i d*s taux d* reduction diffunds to 100 pounds for the buck. The chest should be broad and deep, i^d^ 1 « >tfong constitution ; the body round ; and the logs short and strong. The head - "uldl,,. upright and clean cut. with a bright eye and a broad muzzle. The horns of f'cniak turn upward and outward with a backward twist, and have an average length 3 of 18 to 20 inchpK, while thoiw of tho female art> about on(>-half thn IcnRth, turning upward and backward, and have but a itliKlit inclination to twJHt. Tho back ithuulil Li> ■traiffht and hips and Khouidcri* of >><|uai ht-JKht A Hlopinff rump niuiit be avoided. In colour the flccc Mhi ulil U' a ! densely covercij. Tho fle»'oe Khould extind to tho ears and jnwn and i>hciuld Iki oi a fine and silky quality. The Htuplo ghouiil U; •bout 10 inchcH in lentrth, closely curled, lustrous um! as free f-oni kenip a8 possililp. Tho Anirora K""* heiirn a elogcr rescnib aneo to tho sheep in ita nature, form and habits than other vlaMen of goatii. ADAPTABILITY. Host parts of Canada whcro live stock production prevails are suitable to the raisin|{ of AnKorus, c>!<|>i'cially if the land is hinli and dry the irn'ater part of the yeiir, They will withstand the rigor of even tho coldest winter and do not roiuire any irreatir Angora ] earling Due. shelter than a shed to protect theni from wind and storm, providinjt a sufficient of nutritious food and pure wat^^r are supplied. The Angora jjoat performs a aervice in the Canadian scheme of furniinff. It produces a hitrli (irade of nio at the same time niiiy he used for the destruction of underbrush on lands to I' for subsequent cultivation. BROWSING. It is the common opinion ♦liat jjoats will not only live but thrive upon ' brush," shoes, tin cans or other rubbish that may happen to be within the This may be true to some extent of the common " billy goat," but not of thr (|uantit.T I uo-fold li lir aiiJ ii' lirokfTi • ny old ■ reach. VngoM. m They will. h-mevcT. Ihrivc upon Rrt*., k-uve* and tender toU.ge. After the fir^t cullinir of tr«^ ha. bcvn ren-vcd. a «....nd .t-,,. „,„«.„,, „. t.-ndrr aZu, which if uS .,"".." wimtrnew. inu t>|»- ..f l,i„.l turm.h.* .n..nt um- .,. ,h. „.,, „t tho pr....nt .in.e i/ " h ' .u^) iLf couwr.,nK b u.h are... ...to j,ru.ss „a,tun.s suitable for o,h..r e!a-«.„ of lin ock ^„ f..,l u,K>n. (.,v..n ,1... ,r...,lu,.. o, l.r„,l .Js .l,.,v ..vill ..o,.,i„u„llv roan, a l.ut a.m.u,.' a few l..,.v..,, b..r.. a„d a l.w .h.r... u„til tb.w b. v. vr.-l .... e,. i re .rn rtf.p|M..K every Kreen tbiiiv witbi.. tli.ir rea.b. The vo ,.„ -wii,. n.,,1 .1 r I .inually n.bb<.d of their foli.,,... ..re .....irely destroy..,/ I.i "belV^ff ' t "aeh'X k.,.i.r fol„.Ke. thejroat. «.l| m.„m1 upon their bi.>d b„s .„.,I .tnu t]u U'T,L, I hemht of five or ..x ^..,. So,.,., v. , .f ,,ru-h are n.„re difflenl, . ! J ,, . i;.,' others and .t .nay be nece.«ary to krp the »out* at their ta,k for tl.ree or 1, m « A valiublp Angora sire. s7.uTdTpe.,I'''uportt,°^t'^°"*\'""'"''"'^ "Vr" '-^ ^"^ •^'«'-">' '" -'""'«'- definite Ht™ "^ ! t ""'''• '^'""■'"^^'" ""d de.i ^y of the undorfrrowth. that a ^ i ti Tn 2 tn7 " '"'""• ^' ". ''■'""""y '"''""""''^ *»"«' f-™ 4 to poats <'u.ie. .:.. 1" il"J ^T^LTT " ""^'' ?,r '"^ " '^'"^^ p"^*"'^' «"i''''^'« f- foliage i. available themselves will eat but littk ^ra«. if tender, juicy MOHAIE. •ktiS't '^**'\*«=«'^"''=»J na«ie Kiven the hair of the Angora goat The word » 78801—2 Wdl brad Amcoru produce hair which i* lillgr white, esceediniily luitmu* tnd baiif* orer the entire body in wavy curU of about 10 ini-hoa in lenRth. The aviragt annual clip ii about S pounda per hi'iid. The wvlRht and length uf tho iiem?e do|>i>n() largely upon the grade and condition of the animal. Angora rroinpi upon inferior goat* may produce but 8 or 3 ixiund*. while pur« bn-d individui. .< may yield at hit(h ■a 10 or 18 pound*. In Angora where the f out fleece* are found the Kiiiit^i are atteii(l<>d with great care. Each farmer in Turkey poiwcsite* 20 or 30 head to which he d<'v,it.,i hi* entire time, in many in«ttini-es living under the »amp roof with tlwm. Tuder tlitiic conditiona they receive the mo*t careful attention, which i* necc»*ary If a •u|H!rior grade of mohair i* produci-d. " Hchreiner," an eminent authority, *ayii: " If goatu art to produce the best fleece of which they ore capable, th'pt wliin •btolutely necc«Miry; they mu»t hove clean ilueping quarters and niu«t not be crovdini together." Young Angoraa provide the best quality of mohair, i d*. yearling* and doe* being preferred in tlic onler named. A* an unimul grow* older the hair becomen coiirwr, thinner and itruighter. It ia, therefore, nece«»ary, in order to produce the finest grade of hair, to maintain a young and active herd. LUSTRE. Lttitre i« a very important feature of the mohair fleece and often very largrl; determine* the price. Other thing* being equal, the greater the luiitre the higher is tli« price. A fleece lacking lustre compriiie* an inferior fibre and i* freciucutly tlio rttiuit (if an unhealthy condition of the animal producing it A weak and tender fibre cannot be manufactured into a desirable fabric. KEMP. Kemp i* the title applied to the under coating of short, thick, hair-like fibre*, whicb nftentimcs permeate tlio fleece. It is soid to be a relic of the common gunt bluod. This theory Kcenis well founded, since the smallest amount of kcnip is to be found in the fleece of the highest bred animals. A* it is an indicotion of inferior blood, it can only be eliminuted by careful breeding. Kemp is objectionable because it is sliort and coarse. It also refuses to take and hold dyes, thus appcoring in the finished product as a defect. PREPARATION FOR MARKET. It is important that the ilip should reach t)ie market in as presentable a cuiiditioii as possible, since the mure time and labour necessary ts prepare the raw niutcrial f^r the manufacturing process, the correspondingly le^s " .' be the price received by the grower. Shearing should be done on a clean table or platform and the hair kept us clean as possible. Roll the fleece compactly with the cut side out. Never tie the tiecccs. The presence of tying material greatly impedes the grading process and increases tiic cost of preparation. Mceover, if sisal or other fibrous material of this nature is useJ for tying, it may unravel and, when once incorporated in the hnir, is most diHieultto remove. If allowed to remain it will appear in the finished product as a serious defect. The presence of binder twine (sisal) will often reduce the price of mohnir twenty five per cent, since a few fibres may become scattered through a large quantity of naterial The fleeces should be packed in larfie sacks. This minimizes the cost of h.indling at the warehouse and at the grading table. As far as possible, keep the .Hffcrent grades in sacks by themselves. Put the hair from the kids, wethers, does and ! acb in TU «kN , Jill . . ''"flop- .>'V.T pn.-k mohair iind u.«.l in tho Mma iMnl.-«I TIm. fibffj will .urely „„, and c.mplHo «.,wr«tioM i, diffirult. "^ '^• (iKADIXO. iii\ A dwiiraUj tyiw of breediiig female. USES. lib wool but tuk... d,c:\;/rZ^ fneTnty^'iriu't': ^"''f ;"•-•.,.'' 'J-- ""t felt >t for the manufacture of plusL. velvets and lai, roh« Til ^'""'^''^1'' .'"'"'"''^^ «' «lmo,t indestructible and are us^'d b rnilulV^ ^-^ ^^"^^^^^^ """hair plushes are t««ek trlmmiil Zt 1 in "l" l'" '"T^']':'^'^ -^ h"«iery. velvets, delaines, braid. and ArlJ Tl\ ^ ' . "^ ** '^*f"'«'' d^and for mohair, but the ' aid "e.1 h;T^' '™/^ T "I^'^?'*"''' """^ ^"'«"«' «=«"«i"^ «n unsteady demand for rJd mS- ' ^''f^ -^T •"'• / ^'"^ '°"^ «*«P^« °f 12 inches or over inTength is 7»o:)4— 2J '•':3y£»«». PRODUCTION. Turkish and South African mohair constitutes the world's largest and Wst gupply. The Turkish is the purest and finest. It is generally allowed a full year's growth. It is usually free from kemp and very lustrous, spins finer yarns and dyes to brighter shades, than that from any other part of the world. The South African resembles very closely the Turkish product, but is often sheared twice a year. A comparatively small amount is now grown in the southern and western portion of the T'nited States. The domestic product is somewhat inferior to that raised m either Turkey or South Africa. It is shorter, less lustrous and contains more kemp. Tins condition is probably due to the presence of common goat blood introduced by early importers to increase the size and stamina, as the goats were found to be too delicate to thrive well under American conditions. Mohair manufacturers in this country regard the domestic product as rather inferior and in some cases undesirable for the manufacture of high grade materials, due to its shorter, coarser staple and greater portion of kemp, but all declare that in recent years a decided improvement is noticeable. It may be well here to add a word of advice to the prospective Angora breeder. Although the goats may primarily be intended for use as brush exterminators, yet the production of mohair is worthy of attention. The initial cost of establishi;.g a herd of superior hair producers will necessarily be greater, but the net returns should be large enough to justify the iiivcst- nicnt. Common goats arc just as efficient as brush cleaners, but if Angoras are pre- ferred, only those producing high grade hair should be considered. Great inipnive- ment is necessary before our product can compare favourably with that procured frmn Turkey and South Africa, and the higher prices offered for the better grades sh.iuld discourage the growing of tl:e cheaper classes and stimulate interest in the superior product. Estimate of world's supply: — Turkey 10,000,000 pounds. South Africa 15,000,000 " Best of World 6,000,000 " SHEARIXO. In northern countries the fleece of the Angora is removed but once a year. Thoy are often sheared twice in warm climates, on account of tlio tendency of tlie hair to come out. The time of shearing will depend upon the weatlier and the condition of the fleece. Care sln)uld be taken to remove the hair before shedding begins, for when this occurs, the mohair loses its life and lustre. On the other hand, if the shearing ij done too early, tlio gnats may suffer from the cold. Both hand and machine shears may be u:x>d. The machine method is gaining in favour in the north, where the serviiis of professional hand shearers are often difficult to obtain. Goats do not take so kindly to the shearing process as do sheep, and various methods have been devl-cd to facilitate the operation. A Tory effective arrangement has been contrived by the late Mr. Ludlow of Lake Valley, N. M., which has proven of great service. "It consists of a simple table about 22 inches high, 2 feet 10 inches long, and 12 inches wide. The top it composed of two 9-inch sides, which are hinged to the -l-iiich centerpiece. On the lower side of these movable flaps is a narrow piece 8 inclii- lonp, which catches on the framework of the table when the sides are lifted and hold them stationary. When the sides are elevated the top of the table forms a tr(iuf,'h .'. iiuhr; wide at the bottom aad possibly a foot wide at the top. Into this trough tl •■ gott to be shorn is thrown, feet up. A small strap, which hangs from the end of oif nf the sides, is run over the goat's neck and fastened to the other side. The goat's lad is hanging over the end of the table and the strap prevents it getting free. The I' ;y and SKINS. An extensive trade has developed in the skins of the Anm^F.. T annually in.ported from Turkey and South Africa ThcvT'^r^^T °'""^."* "'^ length of hair, fullness of fleece and weight of skin Sj tV^ ll'"'' u^T'**'"*^ *° with equal facility. The hair retains itsTair^ te tlrremiue?'^" °^'?^u° adapts them for attractive rugs and robes. From the kids' skr<,miL''T' "^'^^ and mutfs for children and robes for b.by c.rrros ^ ^ """^^ '^"^^ Angora Buck, showing two years' growth of fleece T^no^h 9^ .v i, > . aSth. . ii 11™ t u" 7 "r\™' ijengtn, J3 inches ; weight JZlDs.; Mlbs. of which8<.l(lfor|.S1.50. MANAOEMElfT, fcp i.ii»i,iti i i/o L°. wci„S rS'kri'V'"' "',;'"■ 'rr™ ■»"""»■■ =•■ 10 BREEDING. Goats should not be bred until 15 to 18 months of age. Early breedinjr stunts the growth of the doe. Kida will be bom in a weakened condition, which increases the mortality at kidding time. tli PROLIFICACY. Pure bred Anfjoraa drop a single kid, but twins and triplets often appear. Tlie tendency to produce more than one kid is said to be a relic of the blood of the coniindu goat, and Schreiner states that it is not inherent with the original Angora. CARE OF BUCK. Bucks, unlike rams, will usually mate for only a piirtion of the year. Their he-at period or breeding season, which signifies the time tlicy are most rabidly inclined toward the other sex, beprins about the middle of July and continues for a term of approximately 6 months. The time of mating will entirely depend upon the most favouriiI)le season for kidding. The period of gestation is 147 to 150 dnys, or, roughly Slinking, 5 months. The buck should not senx- over fifty docs and should be in the best possible condition when put to ser\-ice. He should be fed a liberal grain ration for some time before being placed with the does, and be well cared for during the ent're mating period. CARE OF DOES. Does born in the spring seldom reach the period of oestrum or heat until the latter part of August or first of September. No bucks should be allowed with the does until the desired breeding se-ason arrives. During the period of pregnancy the doe should be provided with an abundance of nourishing food until within a few weeks of kidding time, when great care must be taken not to ovrrftn-d, as tliis may prove a source of serious trouble at parturition. Tlie kids are apt to be born in a goitn-d or weakened cfindition, and largo losses from tliese causes will inevitably result. To avoid this, the rations should be redn ^ and only foods of a huxative nature allowed. Roots may be fed with modera i. Frozen roots, however, should never be supplied to pregnant does as they may cause abortion. WINTER FEEDING. Goats will not subsist and produce the best results, particularly in northern clini;ite^ upon browse alone. In localities where the winters are severe it will be necessity tu feed tliem in stormy weather. If rough fodder is fed, it maj- Ik? necessary to suppli iiicnt it with a little grain. Oats are tlie most preferable. Cow peas, clover and alfalla are excellent feeds and no grain is necessary when these are used. Angoras are very fastidious and will not eat food unless it is clean and wliolc- somo. Soiled food of any kind is objectionable to them. Feeding racks sliui! M ho used, that will prevent the feed being pulled out uiwn the ground. If it beconii 'inoe trampled upon, they are unlikely to touch it and it is thereafter unfit for tiicir use. WATER. Pure water is essential. A running stream that affords an abundant supp ■ is valuable asset to the goat raneii. 11 SALT. As with sheep, an abundan:« of salt is necessary and the herd should be salted at rc^lar intervals Rock salt may be provided, and placed in boxes, raised sSt?y from the floor, where the goats may have acc««8 to it at any time. KIDDIXG SEASON. ny far the most important period upon the goat ranch is the kidding season The S bTciVrSylm^lr"' '" -''' '"- «"^ ---'- - ^^^ P'-; time"; loSc: Mohair ataples of different lengthi in grease and carded. rort'ime Wore tl rf -""/^""l^r ^^ T*^"^*'"* ""'^ """^ P-d"'^!"^ f-d. A nort tune before the kid is dropped the doe should be separated from the herd -.d P CO u. a small pen. preferably by h.-rself. since under this condition J^.e Jlf o".' ri trXlt'cr Tb T ^V' ^"^-^ r^^ '""^ '"'"^^ "' P-^--^' i' ^l-- ^ '^ m,lr ' i . ""^"'", "■'" "'"'"y ^""''^^ ^"fhnut difficulty. There are two " ?,!: oV" t":"!-"' "/,'" '''^' ■^''''"? "'"^ '•""""'"«• The first method con" ^wi;; i Til r^'lu ? iV'" y;'""-'^*'''* '» » convem-^at place to a stake with a :. e k m^^^^^^^^^^ T, '" ?""'' "I "f" ""^'i' *'"•" '"-^ "•''" ♦* ^°"°^ the herd and larij , "S ;:^.rl dorV^^" ""^'"'^ ""'"^'^ ^" ^"'* '^""'^'''''- "- '— d very I'ollowinff are extracts of letters fr, " as to have the kids come about March 15th or April 1st. The does are given extra feed abouL three wee' s before the kids a if due. I have to feed hay, buf, flnd It profitable. I begin by giving or eed of wild hay a day. This Is supplemented in a few days by a feed composed of oats, hay or alfalfa. Then by the time they begin to kid I increase to three feeds per day. Feed plenty of alfalfa or green cut hay and water twice a day. Keep them in a large corral or pasture near the shed, so they will have a little exercise. As fast as the kids are dropped they arc tal'■ '"»'•'« '" IntoJurVo' .m'^o^Vtlrl/'twolftt'toraVrtolTt TIT'S ?."^'^'>:-'-h"!,pnt picket,, woven and forth, a very strong fencIirobtaLrt OnZ .IJ^'f k°".°T- ">' """'"K ">e v.:ro« back .tren.|nrt'^2^^Si:-JrVrrl ^^^ U^U V hrn^.r^ftVe^V^'" ''"' °"« °-'- '^'>" cornern.'r;: ZH^T. l.V;\X buTorco'^rr.^^^aprS-fnninf LSr"-- d V^ ^ '''-^ «.t "tJ.' Vet'- ^o°r ir. i,i,\-b%?o°;j^fh^", :^'^?o'a^^H ?iS r?r"= - develop muscle and strength that will be of beneflt to^hem lau'r * '^ """• ""* *''*'' '"" Does in lh:< fold. mi^^ monthrcf?r'hou?d be'i%^r1o"h." "'T''^ ""'T '"^ ""^^"' °' '^"•" ^-'•"'er In the TOt furnish rsupply of sreen Led rfflHpn^^ "^"^^ '" "^Z^ condifion and if the pasture does It is well to supplement the usual ti^^luy^J^l'"'^ ? ''°'^ ?°^''' """* ""^ ^"^ "^X" «™ torn. Th.se does should b^kept at XfhedLdU is wSll^'h """^ '""'1 *° "^''"''^ '" "^^ "'"^"i""^' may be kept undis,urb:S wUh thel^ kidli fir severil'Ltr '"'"'*'' ''•"" '"■" *"'" ^"^'^ •"^'^ the day7.;:''k;d%"a"re bo'rn' 'E^cnZ"or^Z t'he'dav'oM*' u"?^ ''""' "'"^ "'^"- "^^""^ ""■>• ^« P'^-'' other does and kids. TheW ar^ a"ain ufnsterrod^ra few 1".%^^^"'^'' *" " """«'='" P"=" *"" «re !vei:t until large enough to turn to naQ?,., „ ti f . " '" "^ ''"'^*'' P«^" ^'' ~ "'« '"'•» ipisiHBiigiipis 14 (. " In dllTcrent localltlc* different conditions ezlit Theu muat be studied Intelllrently In order to make a success of the soat busnesa as well as with any other business. It Is advisable to own Bood coats as It costs no more to feed a non-shedder that shears ISO or $40 per ye.tr than an ordinary goat that shears but |1 or %2." 7. " Kidding time Is the most Important In the life of the soat. For the first few days after the k'.ds are born they are very delicate. Warm sheds must be provided, and the does will require txt'u U—^'ng In order that they may supply milk for the kids. The does should remain with the kids until they leave of their own accort' to go out to feed. The kids may then be allowed to run loose In the shed or corral, until they are V.rge enouRh to go out to feed with their mothers, which Is when they are from 4 to « weeks aid, or when they are able to jump a board 20 Inches high placed across the door to the shed or corral. At this time they are very strong and will withstand considerable exposure. Provide fine salt for the goats to lick at any time they want It. There are more diseases caused from the lack of salt than all other causes put to-rether. Provide a few small pens In your shed, that will hold one doe and her kid for at timei a ;'0ung doe may not know just what to do with her kid and she may be driven aiv^ty from It by some of the older does. At kidding time and for 3 months before do not allow any bucks or wethers to l>e with your does." S. "In clipping my goats when the weather Is cold I leave a -til it has recovered from the first trimming 16 HERDINO. Methods of hcrdiiit; "iny vary with the locnlity. It in not connidorctl nccowiary or advisable to keep a herder continually with the goats. They seem to thrive better wlicn left entirely to their own roKourcpH tuid allowed to roam mid feed at will. The herder at the game time may keep himself informed as to their whereabouts by frequent visits. In localities where invasions of wild animals arc likely to occur, it may becdtne necessnry to herd at night. FENCINfl. In fencing for gonts, it should be borne in mind that they must not only be feiired in but their animal enemies mu.nt be fenced out. (iouts are adept climbers, but do not jump to any Brent extent. The old single Ior fence or stone walls will not conKne tlii'tn, as these only excite their climbing instincts and furnish excellent material for practice. Straight rail or wire fences, coninumly used for other classes of live stock, are equally efifective for goats. The fence must also be fairly tight to prevent tlicir Angor* Buck and Doe. crawling through. It is well to remember in this ponncction that, if there are ynung orchard trees or ornamental shrubs in the vicinity, those would constitute a doliirhtfiil relish for the Angnrns, and if once located, a very effective fence will be necessnry to prevent a second visit. SHELTER. Shc'tcr is absolutely necessary especially in stormy or wet weather. Tlip Koats will withstand considerable cold, provided they arc kept dry. The open character of the fleece does not shed the rain or sleet to any appreciable extent and, when once b^oaked with cold water, it beconips an unwelcome and diingcrous covering. Angoras iir ■ first class barometers and will invariably repair to shelter before a storm, provided a ssiitable place is available. Sheds should be spacious and dry. Always allow an abundance of room. Tnder no circumstances fhould the goats be huddled together. The roof should be water- proof, but the sides are better left partly ojien, in order to insure a sufficient am' int of air. The sheds should be built upon high and dry ground. If possible cli-ose a location that drains naturally. Otherwise artificial drainage will be necessary, ;,3 dry, clean sleeping quarters are essential. 17 FLESH. The Aeth of the yountr Anjjora is used as food, and by some is declared equal, if r . superior, to luiiib. There is, however, u prejudice against ifout meut, and. wlien lold lis such, 't is by no means popular. When it is remembered that Anjroras are very dainty in tl. ir habits and will not eat food unless it is scrupulously clean, the pre- judice against tlie niiiit. cspocinlly that of the kid, should disappear. Few people are actually able to detect the difference between kids' flesh and lamb. PRINCIFAL DISEASES. DIPPING. Breeders of goats advise dipping at least once each year. This guards against any serious infestation of parasites. If badly infected, dipping twice a year is strongly recommended. A good dipping outfit is described iu pamphlet No. 6 of this Branch, Kids in Curral. together with instructions for performing the operation. It should be borne in mind, however, tliiit the skin of the Aiipora is more tender than that of sheep, and consequently a milder solution should be used. CARE OF THE FEET. Ovorgr. n toes are frequently a source of trouble in the Angora herd. If the goats tave til." run of a rocky or nu.iintnlnous region where they have an opportunity for ciimbi.iir, the feet will be worn down and they are less liable to be-ome broken. When necessary, the feet should be trimmed. This is a simple operation, consisting of II ; J 18 plucing the animal on it* rump ai in sheaririir and ■ uttinR the hoove* with a nhnrp knife, lo that they are level and the tuos ihort. If thti is neglected, lanicnoM often reaulto. SCAB. Scab apparently doe« not attack goats so readily as sheep, but when once inforted they are oftentimes more difficult to cure. Owing to gri'iifer length of flcp<-e. the disease is not so easily discovered in the initial stngen. Symptoms arc similar t.. sheep scab and drastic measures of dipping ii* with sheep, must be taken for it. eradication. It should be bom in mind that scab is a contagious disease governed by the Animnl Contagious Diseaset. Act and that the owner of a herd in wliich an outbreak has Im-ou discovered is bound to report the fact to the Federa' Deportment of Agriculture Failure to make such report involves tho peualty of a fine of not more than $200. TICKS. Ticks are also a source of annoyance and where plentiful may even cause death. The ravages of these pests, however, may be controlled by regular and offtctiM dipping. Repeat the operation in 10 days to destroy the nits which are not injured li.v the dip and may hatch afterward. LICE. These parasites frequently cause more irritation to g;lt i>.ss of I 'Stive ill the rn in U one herd p for about It SCOURS IX KIDS. When kids are first placed ujioii grruM they aru apt to overeat, and seouriiiR oecur*. Remove the youngsters from the grass and place in h clean stall. The following treat- im-nt will bo found beneficial : baking soda, i ounce; mngne»ium sulphate. ] ounce- juiRi-r. 1 ounce. This should bo administered in a little linked grud. F..ur houri afterwards give 2 ounces of castor or linwed oil. to remove the contents of the stomach. Supply the kid with 1 pint of i lilk per di-y, which should bo sufficient until recovery Do not pasture again until the droppings are perfectly normal, and then they should only bo allowed to feed for a sh .rt period each d.iy, gradually increasing the time as the stomach becomes accustomed to the green feed. FOOT ROT. . ^°?* '1V" especially prevalent among goats grazing on low. wet pastures or main- tained m filthy yards or sheds. There are two forms, infectious and occidental. The / Angora Buck. !lamnr^''fh^' T,? "■'"''''' \V°"*V ^""^ "'"^ aounsho. under conditions of excessive by an ni!, V t l"f "^^^Hy confined to only a few animals and is created merely by an injuy to the foot or a broken toe. which subsequently becomes contaminated T2, r^.T ^'"."^ "'^ *° suppuration. Fortunately, the infectious type J^he iini • ^-"T- "'''"i ^l^"^ "^''^ *''"'" ''"*P '"• ^^^^^ i» «'"^ '^"""fy. Lameness Iva™ W ?u °^*'''' ^'"^"'^ °^ ^^'' «"™«"* «"d «» ill-smelling discharge may ai)iH?ar between the claws. tainir'thp!^'"'^ "'^■^ 'T\^''^ ^^ '^"""'"^ *^" «°"**' *"^« ^^•'^" ^"'n'ned and main- anecud animals should be segregated from the healthy and confined in a !"• d Where special care can be ministered to them. All diseased matter and bi -s Horn should be well pared away and the hoof trimmed to resemble the noi ^ - .pe. to The foot ihould then be wn«hp(l with ■ n>1utinn of copper lulphiitPi 1 ounce to 2) pnrti of water, and tulmtiuentiy treated with a mixture uf c<|Uul piirt* of chloride of antimony and tincture of myrrh. After thit treatment it i* advinable to cover the wtiund with a coatitiK of pitch inr, or bolter cnrlmliied tar, which not only clrnni^ii tlie Wound but acts a* a mciuiit of preventintr re-infcction. It mny be ndviiulile to drive the entire herd, to prevent di'tribution of the diiieate, throuith a woter-tifrlit trough or chute about 2 foot wide nnd I) feet deep covered to a depth of about 4 inchc* with a solution of cop'.ier sulphate, 8 puund« to 1 tfullon of water. ABORTION. When found 'n ({oats, abortion should iiUvnys be looked upoi. with suspicion, Ic^t it should oppotir in the coutii|tioU!t form. When ponsiblo the ftn'tus should lie fuuiiil and buried. All abortinff femal<>ii should be isolated ot once and the quiirters thorouttlily disinfected with n S per cen* ••olulion of carbolic acid. Heavy losses are often experienced in very dry seosons, especially amonK youn^ does. The greater portion of ■bo7tion cases are probably due to accidental causes. TrnFRcrr.osis. Very rnn'ly hnvo . >ats Ix-on discovered sutTerintr from tuberculosis. In fact, tlii.i cninuil iipiK'iirs to be m> liiKlily re^lntnnt tlutt the effect upon it is sliKlit. Tlieri'fnrc it is ReMernlly iiriM-rtcd thi\t the iriint is imniiino from this dread disease which cuusc!) auch rnviidres csiieciully uiwn tlio bovine species, TAKOSIS. Takosis is a contagious disease peculiar to goots. The victim becomes drowsy and listless, the eurs droop und a gencrul weakened condition prevuils. This wustii« process continues, und the unimul becomes weiiker and weaker, tiniilly passing into ii state oi coma und subseiiuently death. In some coses death occurs in a few duys whilu other ) niuy lust from (i i<> 8 weeks. i*roi)cr care and niuiiiigenient will reduce the ravages of this disease. Suddiii I'hunge of climutt. siiDuld be avoided, as takosis often follows in the wake of im|K)rtutliiiis. The giuit* should have liiuli and dry sheds for protection from storms. Colds may lie contracted ufter a severe wetting wliirli will lower the vitulity of tii»' iinimuls and plact- them in a physical condition favourable for the disease. When the herd is kept iipiiii high mid dry feeding grounds i.nd receives proix-r caro and attention especially in nortlurn climates, very little trouble may be exiiected from takosis. NAVEL ILL Navel ill is caused by manure and filth coming into contact with the unihilical cord before it has completely dried and withered up. It can be prevented by tlic nmiu- tenunce of sanitary measures ii the kidding pen. Should infection occur the navil will become discoloured and greatly swollen. If the swelling extends along the belly, the animal will most probably succumb. The diseased part should be carefully o|>fned ond cleansed with a 5 per cent solution of carbolic acid or some equally good . of d,,mc.tio ...imuN arc ttff.^-t.d by plunt. b..!o,,Ki„K to the I.k^o /ttniily d«.;«ie. I urpln U^, i* « .,«,. d.cun.U-i.t plant wilh • purple flowrr. wl.il.. tho white T.ru.ty Krow. upr,Kht «nd H-ur* a co.upiouou. wl.i.c. How.-r. I..co vie im. mnym^ '« »n.l..r e«r..ful f..d.MK. Tho euro cm ho ha^Hu-d by the u^ of .n emetic 7^d a purgative to relieve the stoimuh irritant. i"»c"o ana u Watkr IIemluck— Cicuta or water hcmU\ may eau« M,riou» dnmn«o to the herd. Tho poinonou. pruK-ipK. u confined to the rootHt.K-k. The to,M under ordinary circum.tflnc.raro .^"J po...nou» and neither the top. n..r n.^dn when found in h«y are a .ourco of da^i^r W l.ttlo can be done for pouoned animaU. Lut «,, emetic mny a.ford temj^-ary Augora Doe. Woody Aster— clay !!; u''' vtcti* /"'"' *^ *"""." T "■' •' '" *'""'"• ^' '■* ^""'"^ ""ly ••" "ll^oli'^d «""'bo- Un T J 'M ""/'hundred iK-r cent of affected animals die. \o treatment has Ss ::: tiisr ^ ''"' ^'""'' "•"'' "'"^' ^"*'=''<'^ particuiLi^z; z BaxRs — brier^uln'T-^"^"^' ^^^'^''^ »" "»« y"""» <"• "'eaker ^ats. is the ordinary climbinK m t '' '"• 'u*^,;'.'*'. ■""■r"*'- '"•'^•''''" *''""'*• The animal becomes enl.Sd "! I'M ANIMAL ENEMIES. Dogs — Severe losses have frequently been incurred through depredationa by dogs. Thcae animals rarely nttnck a herd sinfcly, but more often in groups of two, three or four, and sometimes tboy do serious damage. Strict precnutionnry methods are necessary to protect the herd from tlieir ravages. Effective fencing is the best means of guarding against losses of this sort. Wolves — Coyotes or prairie wolves are not ordinarily serious enemies to the Angora. Those wary animals seldom run in bands, und the destruction caused by the lone coyote is not usually very great. Tlien, too, the coyote is not a persistent figliter and after an encounter with a sturdy Angora buck will seldom appear among the herd a second time. In wooded sections the timber wolf may do some damage and is a much more serious enemy to the herd than the prairie wolf. Wild Cats — Wild cats are sometimes a menace to the herd, particularly with the young kids, and if forced bv hunger may attack and kill the adults. It is impossible to fence against these animals, and about the only effective means of destroying them is by trapping and hunting with dogs. PREVENTIVE MEASURES. 1. Provide a continual supply of pure water. Never permit the goats to drink from stagnant pools which may be contaminated and act as the means of infecting them with parasitic diseases. Goats must be maintained on high and dry land. 2. Dipping should be performed regularly once or twice a year. Ticks and lice by this method can be controlled. 3. Remove all damp manure from pens or yards. Clean bedding should be supplied them whenever required. ^ 4. Effective ventilation and the entrance of sunlight must not be neglected in the construcHon of the sheds. 5 Goats should never be maintained in the same buildings or enclosure with other 'classes of animals. A hog or cow may easily cause serious injury to a kiA Besides, feeding cannot be adapted to suit the respective appetites of each class, and goats are most fastidious with regard to their surroundings. Goats are sun. ar to sheep in character and, if necessary, may be maintained with them fairly satisfactorily. 6. ir ep constant guard over the condition of the foot. Lameness may be pre- vented by trimming in time an . vergrown toe. 7. Be assured that all recent importations are not only themselves healthy, but come from herds where infectious disease is absent. 8. Isolate all infectiously diseased animals from the healthy until assuredly cured and there is no chance of re-iiifcction. ,,,.., 9. Provide nutritious feed of good quality. Give at each meal only what they will eat up cleanly. . i , • . 10 Select the breeding stock with care. Do not breed any animal showing an organic weakness which may impair the strength or fecundity of the offspring. ■^