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' ,>>-. ■- * ■■- ' »' ;^ .^TS*^ .^^ '- •* ■^" ' M '<\ ' i <#' V, ^.' 7 . ♦v "^ ^ iV "X'; i f' A FAIR ACCOUNT OFTHE LATE Unhappy Difturbance At Boston in New England; \ EXTRACTED From the DEPOSITIONS that have been made concerning it by Persons of all PARTIES. W I T H A N APPENDIX, CONTAINING Some Affidavits and other Evidences relating to this Afi AIR, not mentioned in the N A R R A T I V E of it th« has been publiihed at BOSTON. r LONDON, * I^rintcd for B. WHITE, in Fleet-ftrcet. MDCCI-XX, % I F j\ TT o a <': ..|: •W3 -?* f^ %. ■ ■, . I ^•■^•M^PW^i A FAIR A C O U N » ,^ OF THE LATE Unhappy Difturbance in Boston. WHOEVER has converfed much with thofe who have been lately at Botion muft know that the arrival of the King's troops at that town in 1768 was exceed- ingly difguftful to all that part of the people who call themfelves the Jons of liberty^ and deny the authority of the Britifli parliament to pafs the l^te adls for impofing dutiec upon certain articles of trade imported into America, and who cer- tainly form a great majority of the people in that town, though perhaps not of the perfons of the beft fortunes and moft refpec^table chara61ers in the place. Whether they are right in this opi- nion, I (hall not here inquire. But it ought to be clear beyond the poffibility of a doubt on the lideof the Americans, in order to juftify the vio- lent meafures that have been taken at Bofton to carry it into pradice, which have amounted to little r \ [6 ] Vnle kfs than a forabk oppofition Jo the e-c„^. ^ ^' ft t.^ 'of'Sn. a levying w,r guage of tl^V?"'"'' And in the conduft of this Vmft the King. AnJ^n f^, , moment oppofifion (even .f we UW ^^^j^^.^ „ tl\^ttheop.ofUu.n nlcl coul ^^^^J^^^ ,„ the principles of tl^ ''; fl-,ty allows of a re- fome cafes of c>.remc nee* y^^ fiftancc «ft/''"ft Sthat opennefs'and candour have not behaved Y''f„7'^j,b\e to the dignity of that would have ^"^^^^^^^^^rf.^ted both thofe their pretenfions, but h^^^ F .^^^^^ to of their own '^"".""y^f^^,? ,„/ the King's aiffer from them m op "^^^ ^^ ^^^, the troops who "^"^^'l^ „t^oft malice and m- P"^ ■' '1 has been deemed a crime to affirm - juftice. It has been parliament was {hat the ?"th°"7^;^;5,',oihout all the domi- fupreme in all relpeas gf°"& • ; ,„d that a „-,Ls of t^« "°^\" 'IL aas eft blifhed by it was forcible refiftance ^ ^^^ ?f /^^ ^oneft men who unlawful ; and tb^^ ^''°^';^?" ^ave been ftigma- , have ventured to ^ffi^^ 1*'^ J"' f„„s UifenfiWe tized by the name of '» ';/^^^\i,e old exploded of pv^bli^lV^nr'^oSknce and „on-refiftance. :: doarines of paffive ^^f^"^^ ^f ^ ftUi blacker And it has been n«de c^r>me « ^^^^^^ ^^.^^ , die to continue a co««';™'^,^ ,„ter into their mother-country, or to reime ^ombina- "on-importation agreement., or lUeg ^^^^^ tions to'diftref^s her trade Md th ^^^^^ prefumed to do fo, m the puruu ^^^ 3- ri- ar Vis ;nt lon in re- hey our of fiofe I to ng's the in- ffirm t was lomi' hat a it was [ who igma- enfible ploded ftance. olacker nth the o their mbina- ho have lit ufual and ^ t 7 ] and lawful callings, and in compliance with what they took to be their duty to the public as obe- dient fubjej^s of the crown, have been marked out by advertifements in their public news-pjpers as traitors and enemies to their country and fit victims to the fury of a licentious and deluded populace. And as to the King's troops, who were fent thither in Odober 1768, they have been treated by thtk/ons of liberty and weli'dif- fofed perfons (as they ftile themfelves) with a degree of cruelty that could not have been jufti- ficd, and probably would not have been praftifed by them, towards prifoners of war of the nation with which we are ofteneft at enmity. For they not only, upon the firft arrival of thefe troops at Bofton, did every thing in their power to pre- vent their having quarters affigned them, and to oblige them to continue in camp, though the rigour .of the winter-feafon was beginning to be felt ; but they have ever fince been traducing them with the moft fcurrilous and abufive language, and harraffing them with vexatious a6^ions at law for trifling trefpafles occafioned by provoca- tions deiignedly given by themfelves in order to draw them into difficulties 5 and with malicious accufations, oftentimes intirely falfe and always overcharged; and with every other low and fpiteful device that rage and difappointment at the check they received in their defigns by the arrival of thofe regiments at Bofton, coujd fuggeft. I muft add alfo the perverlion of juftice in the moft flagrant manner in their courts of judicature, fo -. ^ . J . " lar [ 8 ] . ' . far as the juries were concerned in the admini- ftration of it, by finding verdids upon almoft any evidence againft a foldier, while, if the foldier , was the complaining party, no proof was deem- ed to be fufficicnt to produce one for him. Thefe are fads of fuch notoriety, that it is prefumed the fons of liberty themfelvTs. will hardly think fit to deny them j but will rkhcp*ndeavour to ex- cufe and vindicate their conduft upon the prin- ciples of a jefuitical morality and the lawfulnefs of ufing any means to obtain fo glorious an end as the recovery of public liberty. But if they fhould deny them, 1 muft refer the reader to the tcftimony of alx the Engliflimen, of every rank and profeflion of life, that have been at Boflon within the lafl two years, for the proof of them. This ill difpofition of the inhabitants of Boli^on towards the King's troops had gone on increafing from the time of their arrival there till the late Unhappy Difturbance by which fome of them have lofl their lives, and had proceeded to fuch a length that, as two gentlemen of the 29th re- giment. Lieutenant Dickfon and Enfign St. ' Clair, declare in their depofition (which is print- ed in the Appendix, No. no.) it was become imfafe for an officer or foldier to walk the f^reets, and that they had been defired to take care of themfelves by an inhabitant of the town,*; who had heard feveral of the people fay that Hhey would kill all the officers in town, and thatiafter that they fhould be able to manage the feddiers by giving them land and fettling them *jj|i* the ■ssk Jtbaek f [ [ 9 ] back parts of the province Such was the tcm* per of the people with refpc6t to the King's troops for fome time before the late accident; and it fecms to have occafioncd a pretty ftrong degree of refentn^ent in the latter, and perhaps made them not unwilling to embrace any oppor- tunity that chance might offer, confiftently with their duty and th« law, to take fomc revenge on thofe who had fo long ill-treated them. That it (hould have fuch an efled, is probable in itfclf from the natural paffions of mankind; and that it did produce this natural refentment, may be colledcd from fome of the dcpolilions in the Bollon Narrative, particularly thofe of Mary Thayer and Bartholomew Broaders, N*". 1 1 and 38 of the Appendix, fuppofing thofe teftimonics, which carry in them ftrong marks of q party biafs, deferve in this particular to be believed : but I do not think it can be inferred from their conduft on the 5th of March, or, as the Bofton Narrative calls it, the horrid Maflacre. The natural defire of defending themfelves, and the fenfe of the duty incumbent upon them in that ynhappy moment to repel force by force in order to defend a ccntincl's poft which they were call- 'cd upon to guard, and which was then attacked by at leafl; an hundred people, armed with blud- geons, fticks, and cutlafles, will be fufficient to account for their firinj^ on the affailants on that occafion without any mixture of revepge. The circumftances of this unfortunate affair, and of the previous quarrel with the rope-makers, which © gav? 7t4 «|. ^ I -S! Iii * gav^ rife to iJt, fo Car as they can bf ecilcBti from the Bofton Narrative (to 'wrhich | refer t||ic reader jfor them) and ;-hofe printed at the eod of this traft, feem to have been as follows : On Friday the 2d of March kft, between ten and elevej> o'dock in the forenoon, as three fbl- diers of the 29th regiment of foot were paifing ty Mr. John Grajr*s rope- walk in a peaceable and inoffenfive m^^nner^ one Green a rope-majcer, who was ?t work there, alked on? of the fojdiers whether be wanted work s to which the foldicr anfwered that he did; " Then," faid Green, ** yoia fcall go and clean my neceflary-houfe.'* .(See Samuel Boll wick's evidence, N". 23.) This infult provoked -the foldier to ufe a good deal of ill language in return, and to fwear that he would have fatisfaftion for it. Upon this one of the rope- makers, named Nicholas Ferriter, came up to him and tn^.ped up his heels, and, aiter lie was fallen, ^nl>thcr of them, named John Wilfon, took bis iword from him, (which, Fer- riter feys, appe^ed njikcd under ms coat,) and carried it into the rope«walk«. The felflkr then went to Green's barrack, and in about twenty minutes returned with about eight or nine more foldiers, grmed with clubs, who b^gan with three or four men in Mr. Gray's wapehoiife by alking them why they had inlultcd the foldiir afoieraid ? tl'bcfe men immediately called out for ^illftance, upon which they were joined by a ^number of rope-makers, with whofe help they beat off thp foldiers. The foldiers upon this re- ,.. ,>v turned » f ' ' this ten ible :«« tiers i turned to thsir barrack, and in a few minutes appeared agun in the rope-walk with a Wronger party, making now about thirty or forty, armed with clubs and cutlaiies, and headed by a tall negroe drummer. This party felt upon the rope-makers near the tar-kettle ; but, nine or ten more of the z^ope-makers coming up to the aififliance of thoir companions, the ioldien were again beat oC with confiderable bmifes, and fol- lowed by the rope*>makers as far as Green's-lane, when a corporal came and ordered the foldiers into their barracks ; and Mr. John Hill, an eldeiv ly gentleman of the town, who feems to have been a magiftrate, perfuaded the rope-makers to go back, and they readily obeyed him. Hitherto we fee no footfteps of a maflacre, or intended maiSacre, of the inhabitants. Some foldiers, having been affronted by the rope-ma- kers, go out to take revenge on them without their n/ilitary weapons, armed only with clubs, in order to give them a beating. The occafion of the quarrel was fudden, and the duration of It (hort. No officers, not even the ferjeants and corporals, appear to have been concerned in it ; and a iingle corporal had influence enough to put an end to it. On the next day, Saturday the 3d of March, there happened another fray in Mr. Mac Neil's rope- walk between three grenadic ? and fix or leven rope-nw^ers, in which the rope-makers had again the advantage. *;■•;■ C 3 Thefc » ,»i t u ] his brulfes. He then faid that ne had been (earching for a feneant who had been murdered. —Upon which Mr, Gray faid, " Yes, Colonel ; •* 1 near you have been fearching for him la my ^* rope-walks;'* and afked him whether that ierjeiint had been in the affray there on the Fri- day ? The Colonel replied, " No ; tor he was *« feen on the Saturday.'* Mr. Gray then alked Kim how he could think of looking for him in hfs walksy and faid that, if he had applied to him, he would have waited on him and have opened every apartment he had for his iatisfac*- tion^ This is the ^bftance of Mr. John Gray's depoiition (N\ 9.) and (hews how greatly the fufpicions of the officers and Ibldiers were alarm- ed by tlie fudden and unaceoiintable abfence of thclerjcant. On Monday, the 5th of March, the day of the difturban^e that proved fatal to fome of the inhabitants, about (even o'clock in the evening, numbers of the towns-people of Bofton were feen walking in the Greets, in feveral different parties of from about three to fix men each, arm- ed with clubs. Mr. John Gillefpie, in his depo- fition, (N\ X04.) declares that, as he was going to the ibuth end of the town, to meet fome friends at a public houfe,, he met feveral people in the ftreets in parties of this kind, to the num- ber, as he thinks, of forty or fifty perfons; and that while he was fitting with his friends there, feveral perfons of his acquaintance came in to them at different times, and took notice of the numbers ni ai o'l t\ u t\ x\ t? >) I «5 ] ntunbers of perfons tliey had ken in the ftrect grmed in the above manner ; and that about eight o^clock^one Mr. Fleming came in and told them that three hundred people were a^mbkd at Lir herty-Tree armed with fticks and clubs to beat the foldiers. Mr. Gillefpie goes on and fays, that about half an hour after eight the bells rung, which he and his company took to be for fire ; but they were told by the landlord of the houf^ that it was to colledl the mob, M^» Qillefpi^ upon this refolved to go home, and in his way niet numbers of people who were running pa£t him, of whom many were armed with clubs and -fticks, and fome with other .weapons. At the fame time a number of people pafied by him with two fire-engines, as if there had been a fire in the town. But they were fbon told that there was no fire, but that the people were going to fight the foldiers ; upon which they immediately quitted the fire-engines, and fwore they would go to their airiflance. All this happened before the ^^Idiers near the cuftom-houfe fired their mufkets, which was not till half an hour after nine o^clock ; and it 0iews that the inhabitants had formed, and were preparing to execute, a defign of attacking the iddiers on that evening. This p'^count is confirmed by the depofition of William Da vies, ferjeant- major to the 14th re- giment, who declares that, on the fame dvening $bout eight o'clock, as he was going towards the north end on regimental bufinefs, he faw in the greets a large body of the Inhabitants^ arviied 7 ' fame .i 4- II [ ,6 ] fomc with fire-arms, and others with cutlaflcs and bludgeons, crying out, that " they would " do for thofe rafcals, the officers and foldiers, ♦* that night." This was more than an hour before the firing, He fays further, that he re- turned home about nine o'clock, and as he came near the market-place, he faw a greater number of people th^n before, tearing up the butchers ftalls for clubs, and fwearing they would mur^ der the firft officer or foldier they fliouid meet with. They then gave three huzzas, and cried, •* Now for the bloody-back rafcals," And fome of them faid, *' Let us attack the main-guard." Others propofed to attack Smith's barracks ; and others faid, " Away to the rope-walk." And inftantly the mob divided into three divifions, of fome hundred men in each divifion ; and the bells at the fame time were ringing. The fer- jcant-major then went to a friend's houfe and changed bis drefs : and in repairing from thence to his barrack through the feveral llreets that led to it, he faw feveraj armed towns -people crying out, "Murder, kill all the dogs: for we will ** have no commiffioners nor foldiers in Bofton, " And damn the fcoundrel that firft ordered them '* here. We will foon rid the town of theip «* all :" or words to that effeft. And all thi§ he faw and heard before the firing in King's-ftreet. Nothing, as I conceive, can prove more clearly the defign of the towns-people to mafce ap attack that evening on the fold|ers. The The [ '7 ] The cuftom-houfe and the centry ported there to defend it feem to have been a principal objeft of the people's fury. For they began to aflcm- ble about it in great numbers before it was dark, that is, before fcvcn o'clock, or more than two hours before the extremity of violence that ob- liged the foldiers to fire. Thomas Lochead, in his depofition, (N°. ico.) declares, that as he was palling through King's-ftrect, a little before dark, he obferved a number of towns-people Handing almoft dofe to the centry then on duty at the cuftom-houfe, and prefently after he faw feverai of them throwing fnow-balls and pieces of ice at him, upon which the centry faid, " Gentlemen^ I beg you will let me alone and go " away from my pojl : for, if you do not<, you '* muji take the conjequences^ Upon this a gen- tleman drefTed in a red cloak went to the people and fpoke to them, and advifed them to let the centry alone. They accordingly went to the other fide of the ftreet, and there remained. In about an hour after, that is, about eight o'clock, Thomas Lochead had occaiion to pafs by the fame way again, and then obferved a number of psople ftanding in the fame place as before, arm- ed with fticks and large clubs, who threw fnow- balls at him as he pafled by, and called him a bloody-back rafcal, notwithftanding he faid no- thing to provoke them. About nine o'clock Edward PIllls, being among the mob near the town-houfe at Boftcn, when the bells were fet a ringing to bring the D people 1 II" Ilf ~ $ [ 18 ] people together^ heard fome of them fay, they would go down to the cuftom-houfe, where there was a centry placed, and would take him off his poft. Upon this Mr. Hills went immediately to the main-guard to acquaint the foldiers with what he had heard. In the mean time the mob furrounded the centry, and began to attack him by ftriking at him with lubs, fwearing they would be revenged on the loldiers. The centry defended himfelf, as well as he could, with his bayonet, and defired them to keep off, faying, " He diirji not quit his poji ; and thaty if they did *' not dejijiy he mufi call the guards They did not however defift, but pelted him with ilicks and large pieces of ice picked up from the ftreets. This obliged him to retreat to the door of the cuftom-houfe, where, getting upon the fteps of it, he loaded his mulket in the light of the peo- ple, and, after he had loaded it, he ft:riick the butt-end of it againll: the . fteps three or four times, hoping, as it fiiould feem, that the fight of the danger they were running, if they prelied upon him any further, would induce the people to keep off, (See Thomas Cain's depofition, N\ 46.) But it had not this efifed ; for the people aiiembled in greater numbers, and fet him at de- fiance, crying, *' Firey Jire, a fid be damned ^ And fome of them diew quite near to him ; Mr. Knox ^ays, within the diitance of ten feet : upon which he fnapped his piece upon them, but did not fire it, endeavouring again to frighten them from approaching any nearer to him. Mr. Knox upon i ^9 ] upon this went up to him, nnd told him that, " if he fired, he diedj" to which he hravely anfwered, *' t/jat be did not care, and thaty if *' they touched him, he would fire /' which it is , generally iinderllood to he the duty of every centi- nel to do that is attacked upon his poft. The people however continued to defy him, telling him to fire nnd be damned : upon which Mr, Knox, who feems to have done every thing in his power to prevent mifchief on this occafion, went to the people, and- endeavoured to keep them from going up ; but without fucccfs. (See Mr. Knox*s depofition, N^. ^^^ The centry, being thus hard prefled, knocked at the cuftom- houie door very hard for affiftance : and in a few minutes a party of twelv^e foldiers, headed by Captain Prefton, came to him from the main- guard, with their arms in a horizontal pofture, and their bayonets fixed. I'hey drew up imme- diately before the door of the cuftom-houfe with their faces towards the people, and held their guns breaft high, in order to defend the centinel ; and Captain Prefton ftood before them near the ends of their guns. Mr. Richard Palmes at this time went up to the captain, and aflced him if the foldiers guns were loaded ; to which the cap- tain anfwered that they were loaded with powder and ball. Mr. Palmes then faid to him, " / " hope you do 720t intend they Jh all fire upon the ** inhabitants ;" to which he anfwered, " by no '* means y' which indeed might have been con- cluded from the pofition he had chofen to iland P 2 in. ;■!«■' . ■: [ 20 ] . in, di redly before the muzzles of their guns. (See Mr. Palmes's depofitions, N°\ 5-^ and 112.) But the people continued to iiifult and defy this party of foldiers in the lame manner as they had done the fingle centinel, pelting them with fticks and balls of ice, and calling out to them, *' Damn you, you rajcah ; fire, Tou dare not ^^ fire. Fire, and be damned.''' Thefc cxpref- lions were frequently repeated ; during which time Captain Prefton fpoke often to the mob, deiiring them to be quiet and difperfe ; for that, if they continued their attack upon him and his party, he (hould be obliged to fire upon them. But his humane endeavours were to no purpofe. The people continued their attack upon the fol- diers, tin they were provoked beyond all pa- tience. A large ftlck, or, as Mr. Palmes fays, a . piece of ice, that was thrown at a grenadier on the right of the party, llruck him with violence and made him ftagger, upon which both he and the foldier next him tired their pieces without any order from Captain Prefton for that purpofe, (See John Hickllng's depofition, N°. 73, and Thomas Greenwood's depolitlons, N*"'. 96 and III, and Richard Palmes's depoiitions, N°». 53 and 112.) and foon after the reft of the party did the fame ; by which three men were killed on the fpot, and eight wounded, of whom two have lince died of their wounds. Prefcntly after the laft gun was fired oft*. Captain Prefton fprung before the foldiers, and waving his fword or ftick, faid, " Damn ye^ rajcals, what did ye fire " for r [ 21 1 (( for r* and ftruck up the gun of one of the foldiers who was loading again ; whereupon they feemed confounded, and fired no more. (See Wil- liam Wyat*sdepofition, N°. 54.) This is tne whole of what the Bofton Narra- tive calls the horrid Majjacre, How far it de- ferves that appellation, let the unprejudiced reader judge. For my part, I cannot but think it a very grofs abulc of language, and highly inju- rious to the unhappy officer and foldiers who were concerned in tliis affair, to call it bv the fame name that has heretofore been ufed to defcribe fuch wanton, unneceflary, and premeditated ads of general deftrudlion as the (laughter of the Proteffants of France in the year 1572, and of the Proteftants of Ireland in 1641 ; to which a reiiftance made by twelve foldiers againft more than an hundred people armed with llicks and bludgeons, in defence of a poll which it was their duty to defend, feems to me to bear no refcni- blance. ' I (hall mention but (lightly what happened after the foldiers had fired, as it is not material to the jultification of their conduft in the adl of firing, which is the ground for charging them with the perpetration of a horrid mallacre. As foon as the firing was over, all the bells of the town were fet a ringing, (whereas before the fir-» ing only one of them had been rung,) and the inhabitants gathered together in valtly greater numbers than before ; and on the other hand the foldiers drew out from th^r barracks in proper Y' ir j I I 'v_ order, " ' * r n L 1 r h 'A It ;j i\ oic^ r, and llood under arms to dcTciul tlicmfl'lvcs agaiiill uuy further nnimlrs, whleli tlicrc was then great rcaibn to apprclund. And now in- deed dreadful evils mi<',ht have cnlucd, and a ilaughter, Icis improperly to be diled a mailhere than the former, mi»^ht in a few minutes Iiavc been eommittcd, if the prineipal jxrions of both parties had not immediately interpofed their au- thority and inihience to prevent any further mif- chicf. But by the endeavours of the worthy I/ieutenant-governor Hutehinfon and the coun- cil of the province on the one part, and of the commnnding officers of the two regiments on the other, the people were pcrfuaded to difperfe, and the foldiers to retire to their barracks. After this account of the foregoing unfortunate tranfadion, (which, when the reader fhall have compared it with the depofitions from which it is cxtra6^ed, I flatter myfelf, he will judoe to be a fair one ;) I prefumc that no impartial pcrfon will be inclined to confider either the officer or fol- (iiers who were concerned in it as guilty of wil- ful murder of malice afore-thought. Whether their conduift can be wholly jufiitied in point of law upon the principles of felf-defcnce and the obligations of military duty, I will not take upon me to determine : 1 leave to others the dif- cufiion of thofe nice points of law. But if they cannot be intirely juftified, they ought at leaft to be confidered as pcrfons who have been pro- voked by repeated infults and attacks to commit a ra(h and hali:y a6t of violence, and confequently 2 . f^S (1 a [ 23 ] as being iiitltlcd, in a legal view, to the benefit of their clergy, and, in a moral view, to the companion, rather than the indignation, of their countrymen. May the people of I^ofton, in whofe hands they now are, be inelined to think of them in this manner, and regain tlicgood opi- nion of their fellow fubjediis of Cireat Britain by fo honourable an inftance of their juftiec and moderation ! In the Bofton Narrative of this affair there U an attempt to make it believed that fome gnns were fired upon the people from the windows of the eull:om-houfe. But this is fo very improba- ble in itfelf, and io ill fupportcd by proof, that I imagine few of tlie readers of that aecount will give any credit to it. However, left the confidence with wliich this charge is brought Hiould miflead any perfon into a belief that it is true, I will venture to fubjoin a few obfervations on the wcaknefs of the evi- dence by which it is fnpported. In the firll place, fome of the wltnefles men- tioiicd in the Bolion Narrative fay, they faw the flafhes of guns at the cuiiom-houfc. This deierves little or no regard : for in tlic hurry and confuiion of that time it mufl ha\ c been almoft impoH'ble to dillinguifh with cxad- nefs the places and heights from which the fiaflies came. 'The foldiers ftood jult at the cuftom- houfe door, and the flaflics of their guns might naturally enough feem to a hafty obferver to come from the cuftom-houfe itfelf. tn i rf^ r« ■•( t 'I ■ i i [ *4 ] In the next place, fome ftrefs is laid on the di- redtions of three of the ball from collected the holes made by them in the hoiifes into which they entered. Now thefe diredions, as they were taken by Mr. Andrews, (fee his depoiition, N^ 93.) are juft fuch as one would fuppofe they fhould be from guns fired by men ftanding be- fore the cuftom-houfe door ; and the two latter of them are foima to range breaft-high, that is, at much the fame height as they would have ranged if they had been fired from the ground- floor of the cuftom-houfe itfelf, fuppofing that floor to be nearly upon the fame level with the ftreet. They confequently could not be fired from the v/indows up one pair of flairs, as they are faid to have been in the charge. Further, the fecoud ball is found to range breaft-high from the ground, and between two of the win- dows of the cuftom-houfe ; confequently it could not have been fired from either of them, but by fome perfon without the cuftom-htyufe ftanding between thofe two windows. And for a like reafon the firft ball could not be fired from a window in the cuftom-houfe, becaufe it ranges below the ftool ct the weftermoft lower chamber window : for if it had been fired from that win- dow, it muft have ranged above the ftool of it. The laft and ftrongeft evidence that is brought in fupport of this charge is that of Charlotte Bourgate, Mr. Edward Manwaring's indented fervivnt. This indeed would be very material, if he were a perfon that deferved any credit, and if [ 25 ] ' if his teflimbny was not invalidated by contrary evidence of the ftrongeft kind. For he has poll* tively charged Mr. Manv^aring with firing off a gun out of the window. But he has confeffed in this very depoiition, (fee N°. 58.) that he had denied before a juftice of the peace every word of its contents after he had firft fworn that ihey were true, though he then (more than a fort- night after the affair, to wit, March 23, when the foldiers were gone out of the town and the people Vv ere in polieifion of every thing) thought fit to fwear to them a fecond time. Such a witnefs deftroys his own credit, if he ever had any ; which, it feems, this boy, from the fadnefs of his charafter, never had. But, tc come to a more particular examination of the' contents of his depoiition ; he fays in the firfl place, that there were four or five men in the cuftom-houfe, (whom he does not name, and therefore does net pretend to have known) at the time of the fol- diers firing, who went up flairs and pulled and haled him after them — that one of them, a tall man, loaded a gun twice, and gave it to him to fire, and forced him by threats of immediate violence to fire it oft" twice out of the v.indow — that he did not fire itagainfi: the, people v/howere ailembled near ihe cuftom-'.iouie, but fjclevvays up the ftreer — snd fecondly, that Mr. Manwi:r- ing and Mr. Monroe were both in the cuUom- houfe rt the time cf tliis firing, and that Mr. Manwaring fired off a gun himlelf out of the window, E ■ . This ,' I,' " i' ill This is the fubftance of that boy's evidence. Now, if the firft part of it was true, of thetall man's forcing him to fire the gun off twice, it would not be much worth inquiring into, as it would relate only to perfons unknown, and, we might well prefume, not belonging to the cuftom-houfe. For, if they had belonged to it, this boy, who is a fervant of Mr. Manwaring, who has an employment in the cuftoms, muft in all probability have known them. But it is a ftrange and incredible ftory. For If the tall man, as the (lory fuppofes, meant to do the peo- ple mifchief, wliy did he not fire off the gj,in himfelf rather than force the boy to do it, efpe- cially when he obferved that the boy had fired the firft time fideways up the ftreet inftead of diredly forwards upon the people? I know no way of accounting for this, if wt admit che fact to be true, but by fuppofing that fome of the in- habitants themfelves bad thruft themfelves into the cuftom-houfc, and had forced the boy to fire a gun out of the window for the fake of charg- ing the cuftom-houfe officers with having had a hand in the deftruftion of the inhabitants that eveninp-, bu^ r.t the fame time had taken care that he ihould fire in fuch a direftion as not to do them any real mifchief. But 'tis more probable that the whole fad: is falfe, and therefore needs no explanation -, for there were in the houfe at the fame time Mr. Hammond Green, who, as this boy fays, let him in, and three women, Elizabeth Avery, Mary Rogers, and Ann Green. .,.fV/ .-- '-.,.• - ^-^ Of faa -. • [ 27 ] Of thefe four perfons Hammond Green alone has been examined : and he fays in his depolition, (N'. 95.) that he went up ftairs into the lower weft chamber, and faw the guns fired by the foldiers : but fays not a word about the four or five men and the boy, Charlotte Bourgate, whom they forced to fire off a gun twice out of the window, which he could not but have known if it had happened. He fays alfo, that the three women before-mentioned, Elizabeth Avery, Mary Rogers, and Ann Green, were up flairs likewife at the time of the foldiers firing. They therefore muft likewife have feen thefe four or five men and the boy Charlotte Bourgate, and have known of his firing the gun, if it was true that he had done fo. But it has not been thought fit to examine them, or at leaft to publifh their depofitions. As to the other part of this boy's charge, to wit, that Mr. Manwaring and Mr. Monroe were both prefent at the cuHom-houfe at the time of the foldiers firing, and that Mr. Manwaring did himfelf fire a gun out of the window, this *^s proved to be utterly falfe, and even impoffible, by the dcpofition of Michael Angelo Warwell, (N°. 122 ) who declares, that thefe gentlemen were at that time at a diflance from the cuftom- houfe, to wit, in Mr. Manwaring's lodgings in Back-ftreet, and had been there from feven o'clock in the evening, that is, more than two hours before the foldiers fired, and continued there till half an hour after ten o'clock, when, E Z the - I ■• i| I •^Ollh. ■? ■) I.. the tumult occafioned by the firing being fub- iided, Mr. Monroe ventured to leave Mr. Man- waring's lodgings and go home. Mr. Manwar- ing continued in his own lodgings the whole night. This charge therefore againft the people at the cuftom houfe muft be looked upon as an idle, ill- grounded accufation, proceeding folely from the prejudices of the inhabitants of Boftonagainft the commilfioners of the cuftoms and ev^ery body that has any connexion with them, which dif- pofe them to imagine and believe every thing that may tend to their diiad vantage. i: + il ■I U- >.f*^V;" ■'■a''i u -• ' - ; .■1^ FINIS. i : f ■ .,> : If ■-. APPENDIX, : V i M [ « ] APPENDIX, • ' ' ' ' . ,^,,,.^ _. .^, / ' '"' C O N T A I N I N G '■■/•' '"r'/i * SEVERAL DEPOSITIONS, &c. !f ;• '\ ■rJ S I R, (No. 97.) April 22, 1770. THE following circumftances relative to the conduft of the Bo- ftonians, 1 take the liberty of communicating to you, fincel cannot attend you this evening agreeable to your defire. They are fafts that I can fwear to, if neceffary. The latter end of Odlober, 1769, I arrived at Bofton, being foon after the landing of the troops ; the numberlefs infults they received 1 could not but take notice of. From my acquaintance with the fons of liberty (as they term themfelves) among whom I lived, I could eafily perceive their difafFeftion to government, as well from their unwarrantable proceedings, as the unguarded expreflions they would drop in converfation. Some time before the difturbance bred by the ropemakers, it was cuftomary with many of the inhabitants in an evening to arm themfelves with piftols, cutlafles, and blud- geons, under a pretence that they had been frequently molefted by the foldiers. That on the fecond and third of March lall, before the general affault of the fifth, one Gray, and another perfon, both ropemakers, met an acquaintance of mine, an high fon of liberty, and told him that they expedled to die to-morrow, they did not care how foon, as it was in a good caufe; for that they, as well as feveral of their profeflion, with the afliftance of fome noted North-End bruifers, were determined the following day to attack the foldiers. That they (the ropemakers) were well prepared, and certain thire would be bloody work ; and concluded with allcing him whether he would not attend as a fpedlator, advifing him to arm himfelf in cafe of the worft ; that Gray and his companion were both of them armed 9 with '4 !. 'it\ I- ii !| it C '- ] wiih defperatc bludgeons. People in p.eneral at that time talked of the cxpeded engagement; and mmy declared that fhould a townf- man be killed in the fray, not a foldier (hoiild furvive three hours. On the Monday following, being the fifth of the month, as I was re- tyrning from a viiit, •« little after nine o'clock in the cvcningj I heard a bell ring, which [ imagined to be the ufual fignal for fire ; but per- ceiving no light in the air, I readily concluded from the forcmen- tioned circumftances, that the defigned attack of the ropemakers had taken place. It was not long before I was convinced of the jullnefs of my conjecture, by the repeated huzzas of a large mob collefted before the town-houfe, armed with clubs, &c. I enquired of feve- ral thecaufe of the dillurbance; all the anfwer I could get was, "Damn the rafcals (meaning the foluiers) ; we'll murder every dog of them." Upon this I walked towards the guard-houfe, where I heard fome men, towns-men I took them to be, tell the officer of the guard, that if he did not fend relief to the centry at the cuftom-houfe, he certainly would be killed, for that he was attacked in a moft violent manner. That immediately on the difcharge of a few mufkets, which inllantly proved fatal to three of theni, the before mentioned Gray and another worthlefs fellow in particular ; upon this moll of the bells in town were let a ringinr;» and continued fo a long while without intermiffion ; and the voice of the people was, **To arms, to arms." I law numbers with arms, and many loading them, declaring feemingly with a fatiffadion, "That now the foldiers had done for themfelves, it was ail thfiy Vv-antcd, and that it was the happieft night America ever knew." /\n'i I firmly believe, that had not the trooops left the town, they would have fired the Beacon, and put the whole of them toceath. And that, to my knowledge, notice was accordingly given to the country inhabitants to hold themfelves in readinefs for a maf- facre, and that four or five hundred people from Roxbuiy fent word into tOv\ n, tlrat they were ready at a minute's warning. A great number from Charles Town, &c. did the fame, refolved, as they muftdie, to die like men. Furthermore, I am confident, it is the cetermined refolution of the Ions of liberty to oppofe the landing of any of his Majefty's troops in future, and that they are (if people in this vvold ever were) ripe for rebellion. I don't recoliett any thing further at prefent material. Should be glad of your opinion of thei'e minutes, 1 am, Sir, ;; , \vith great rcfped, • , ..-».'' Your much obliged, and mofl obedient, " . THOMAS PR YCE. John ^wwsnm li C 3 ] (No. 98.) John In man's Evidence. I ON John Monday night, the 5th of March, 1770, I came Into King- ilreet with Mr. Bridgham, and law fcveral people, as it were, converfing on the ccafion of the bells ringing, which 1 underllood was to give an alarm on account of firs ; it was but a few minutes before 1 faw a guard of foldiers come down the ftreet and place them- felves by the cuftom-houfe ; very foon after they came, I heard them charging their guns, as I underllood by the noife of their ram- rods. The people in the ftreet called to the foldiers to fire, as I flood by Mr. Edward Davis's door, which is on the oppofite fide of the ftreet. Can declare no further particulars than already mentioned. (No. 99.) - • ; ■ *T William Davies, ferjeant major in his Mvjefty's T4th regiment of foot, do dcpofe, that on Monday the 5 th of Marcli, 1770, in the evening, about eight o'clock, I was going towards the North-End on regimental bulinefs, I then faw in the ftreet a large body of inha- bitants, fome with firearms, others with cutlalfes and bludgeons, faying they would do for thofc raicals, officers and foldiers this night. The* deponent feeing fo large a mob ftept afide till they had palled him ; in his return home about nine o'clock, and coming near the market- place, he faw a larger number than before, tearing up the butchers Ilalls for clubs, fwearing they would murder the firft ofiicer or foldier they met, giving three huzzas, "Now for the bloody-back rafcals;" andimmediately I heard feveral voices, fome faying, *' Let us attack the main guard;" another faid, *' Smith's barracks;" and others faid, ** Away to the rope- walk ; and inftantly the mob divided into three di- vifions, of fome hundreds in each. Ac that time 1 heard the btlis a ringing. The deponent then went to a friend's houfe, and changed his drefs, and in repairing from thence to iiis barracks through the different llreets, he faw feveral armed towns-people, crying out, '• Murder, kill all the dogs, for we will have no commiffioners or foldiers in Bollon ; and damn the feoundrel that firft ordered them here : we will foon rid the town of them all ; or words to that effect." The deponent tkr- thcr fays, that he faw and heard all he has here declared before he heard themuflcets go off in King-ftreet. W. DAVIES. Suffolk, ff. Borton, March 13, 1770. Sworn before me James Murray, J. P. ' * • • (No. 100.) 'pHOMAS LOGHEAD, foldior, in his Majefty's 14th regiment of foot, and fervant toCapt. Edmund Mafon, being duly fworin, depofe, that on Monday evening, 5th of March, T770, as he was paffing through King-ftreet a little before dark, oblerveJ a number of towns- i< II ■■•UIJW.i.l.l r^ i C 4 ] towns-people ftanding almoft clofe to the century, then on duty at the culiom-houfe ; prefently he faw feveral of them throw fnow-balls and pieces of ice at him, upon which the centry then faid, •• Gentle- men, 1 beg you will let me alone and go away from my poll, for if you do not, you mull take the confequence of it ;" upon that a gentle- man drefled in a red cloak, went to the people and fpoke to them, but what he faid to them the deponent did not hear; however they, meaning the people, made anfwer to the gentleman at the fame time, pointing at the centry and cuftom-houle, •* That it was only a protec- tion for whores, rogues, and thieves." The people then went to the other fide of the (Ireet, almoft oppofite to the cu(tom-houfe, where they remained ; the deponent then went home, ;ind in about an hour after, having fome bufinefs to do for his mailer, pafling King- llrect again, he obferved many people ftandin^^ exadlly in the fame place as before-mentioned, but thinks not fo many as at firft ; how- ever, feveral of them had in their hands large clubs and Hicks ; as the deponent was pafling by they threw Ihow-bails, at th • fame time calling him a bloody back lobfter, notwithllanding he faid nothing to them, but went away about his buAnefs. THOMAS LOGHEAD. ' Suffolk, fT. Bofton, March 13th, 1770. Sworn before me, James Murray, J. P. (No. 101.) Boflon, 14th March, 1770. T Alexander Mall, enfign of the 29th regiment quartered at Bo- -*• Hon, dodepofe and fwear, that being in my barrack-room, at Smith's barrack, near which two companies of the faid regiment are quartered, between the hours of eight and nine in the evenirg of the 5th inllant, I was alarmed by a noife in the ftreet, and informed that two (bldicrs, fcrvants to ofiicers of that barrack, had been beaten and abufed in the llreet by fome towns-people as they returned home quietly. That one of them would be murdered by the aforefaid peo- ple, near the barrack whither they had purfued them. That the e and duly r»vorn, do dcpofe and fay, that I was amonj; the mob near the townhdufe in Bofton, on Monday the 5th of March inllant, about nine o'clock at night, when the belli wtTcfci ann[);ing by order of tlie towns men (a* I do believe) in Order to bring the people together. I favv fomc of them armed with Hicks, and heard fr^Tie of them fay they would go down to the cu- flom-hciile, where there was a centry placed, and they would take lilin off his place. Hearing this, I went to the main j^uard, and ac- quainted the foldit^rs with what I hrard. I heard the ierjeant of the gunrd order a party of men to conduct the oHicer of the guard ro hi> poll; I ftaid tlicrcaLyn'' til! I (aw Capt. Piellon and another officer ]oin the gu.ird ; thru I (aw Capt. Prtfton with a party of men go to- wards the cuftom-huufcj tlun, aslwcnt towards the pol^oifice, [ iicard the report of two mulkcts, fired as if from the cuilom-houfe { upon this 1 returned and went towards the cullcmhoufe with a num- ber of towns- men; while I ^vas on the way thither, 1 heard the report of three or four mulkets more j when I went down, I faw the people carrying ofF for dead one or two men ; and then I (aw a man lying on liis back vyith a gore of blood by him, who, as I afterwards learned, was a Mulatto, upon which I heard the towns-people cry out to the foldiers who flood at the cufloni-houfe, " Fire, damn you, fire, we defy you to fire;" whereon one of the (bldiers of that party, thus provoked, turned out of the ranks a little, took up his muflcet, and was going to fire, when Capt. Frcfton took him by the arm and hindered him from firing. It was after the firing beforementioned was ever, according to the bed of my knowledge, that I heard the drum beating to arms. 1 faw feyeral oflicers of the J4th regiment running towards their barracks, and (bme of the towns-people running after them, crying, *' Knock them down, Ions of bitches.'' As I was running after fomc of thde ofFiccrj ; I had in my hand a fmall (lick, ^vhich fiimrbody purfuing the nfiicers afked me to let him have. I re- fuf d, faying, i wanted it niyfclf. He took liold of the (tick, and endeavoured jn vain to take it from me ; a cro'.'.'d of people coming vp, and waking fader than I did, threw me. down. As I got up ;igain, fome of them afked, " What (on of a bitch was that?" and one of them made a thruft at me vvjth a blade, which I took tp be a cut and thrufl fv'^orJ, and by the thruft cut through my jacket on the left bread about fix inches ; then I run down to thp barracks of the J4th regiment, where 1 remained all night. And further the depo- nent faith not. EDWARD HILL, SufTolk, IT. Bofton, March 15, 1770. Sworn befi.remc, James Murray, J. P. (No, (No. ...... C 9 1 . (No. inft.) 'pHOMAS BUCKLEY, lieutenant, nml Thomas St(?rlr, cnfign, both in his Majcfty'* 2c)th tc Minont of toot, being duly fwnm, depole, that they ilic deponents were in tlie otlk«!rs barrack, called Smyth's, beliind vvliich i.i barraclcs where two companies of the 29th rek;iii)ent were quarteicd ; that al>out 9 (>'cIock at nij;lit, flicy were alarmed by a noilb in the llreet; that by the time theygoi dowu flairs, they f.iw afolilier very nnich wounded, liavinj» a r'?*err wound iti his head, and one of his fiiiyers alnioll cut oil", who Taid the towns-people were murdering i and foon after five or fix more, on which he the de- ponent javx i '^' 1 people drop, and the reft ran away, but returned foon after to cj./y ofFthofe who were killed and wounded ; which as foon as done, the deponent left King-ftreet, and faw nothing further of what pafled that night. THOMAS GREENWOOD. Suffolk, ff. Bofton, March 13, 1770, Sworn before me, James Murray, J. P. - (No. 112.) T R'ehr-d Palms, of Bofton, of lawful age, teftify and fay, that betvvtvn tl ? hours of nine and ten o'clock laft Monday evening, the 5th inftant, I heard one of the bells ring, which 1 thought was G fof tf': ( '1 .f , tl J f f ^jt ' I O'l for fire ; I went towards where I thought it was, and was told th;^t the (oldiers were abufing the inhabitants ; I afked where the foldicr? were, and was anfwercd in King ftreet, and that there was a rumpus 9it the Cttftom-houfe door; as foon as I got there I faw Capt. Prelton at the head of fix or eight foldiers ; the foldiers had their guns brealt Jiigh, with their bayonets fixed. I went immediately to Capt. Prefton^ and aflceidhim if the foldiers guns were loaded ; his anfwer was, '*They were loaded with powder and ball;" I then afked him if he intended they fhould fire on the inhabitants, his anfwer to me was, ** By no ineans.'' I did not hear him tell the foldiers not to fire, nor did I hear him fpeak to them. I faw a piece of ice fall among the foldiers ; immediately upon this the foldier upon his right hand fired his gun, that inflant I heard the word •* Fire," but by whom I know not; the (bldier at his left hand fired next, and the others one after another, as faf^ as they could. 1 turneH nr5 ] ind immediately he marched with twelve men to the relief of the Gentry, and [ remained before the guard. JAMES BASSET, Lieutenant 29th regiment. Suffolk, /r. Bofton, March 13th, 1770. Sworn before me, James Murray, J, P, S I R, (No. 114.) A T your requefl: I now fit down to give ^ou the particulars of Monday evening, the 5th inftant. I (hall endeavour to divell myfelf of prejudice, and relate that unhappy affair with the utmoft Impartiality. 1 have alrea-'y given in tofeveral juries of inquefl two depofitionsj not altogether alike in words, but the fame in fubftanccj and this is iimilar to them both, and is as follows. 1 being in King- ftreet that evening, , between the hours of nine and ten o'clock, faw a Gentry that was placed at the cuftom-houfe loading his mufket, and fwore, to a number of perlbns that were paffing from Royal-Exchange- lane to Quaker-lane, * ' if they molefted him he would fire among them," which occafioned numbers to gather round him,fome of whom huzz'ad, and told him " to fire and be damn'd." Immediately on this .1 faw Capt. Prefton with a number of foldiers coming from the guard-houie to the cuftom-houfe with their bayoneti charged, who ibon formed into half a circle, and began without any provocation to pu(h their bayonets at the people, one of which went through my coat, for which Capt. Prefton reprimanded him, and then told Capt. Prefton it would be prudent for him to retire and take his men with him ; for in cafe they molefled the people 1 feared the confequences would be bad. He rcply'dj "he would do the beft he could," or words to that cffeft. At this time I heardaperfon afk Capt. Prefton " whether they were loaded ;" he reply'd^ ** they were ;" he then afited *' whether he intended they fhould fire ?" he anfwered, '* by no means." Alio I faw feme of the foldiers to appearance load their mufkets, which induced me to fay to Capt.Prefton,** For God's fake, don't let your menfire." Hereply'd^ **They fhall not." Afthis inftant I faw a cake of ice, or fnow-ball, ftrike a grenadier ulpon the right of the detachment, upon which he level- led his piece and fired ; Capt. Prefton left me Jueftly, and I heard the word "Fire" feveral times,' which I fuppofed was uticfedhy the foldiers, upon which all or moft of them fired and loadc-d y I tRtn re- tired down Royal-F.xchange-lane, and returned ifi about three or four minutes ; 1 faw the body of a perfon, called Michael Jchnfcn, lying dead on the ground, which I fuppofed to he in conil'quence of their firing; I now told Capt.Prefton the fatal elTeds of their firing, and Legged he would retire, as his lif^ was in danger; on ■ G 2 . , whieh J! u i\\ .51 ' ■ t hi i • ' ' I I 3'' ■ (■♦ C «6 ] which he faid, ** Gentries, leave your pods, and retire to the main guard ; which they immediately did. SAMUEL BLISS. Sworn, Sec. Sec. March 15th, 1770. • '/' '■ (No. 115.) I William Brown, junior, lieutenant in the 14th regiment of foot, do fwear, that c.n the evening of Monday the 5th of March, 1770, being in company with lieutenant Mattear, enfigns Napier and llallwood, in the quarters appropriated for pan of the officers of the i4ih ifgiment, between the huurs of nine and ten o'clock, I was alarmed with an extraordinary ringing of bells, and the words *' I'urn out," which continued fome time, and then ceafed a little; but on the bel's beginning to ring again, and hearing the drum beat to arms, I prepared to go to the barracks ; at this time, captain lieutenant Goldfinch coming in, the gendemen then ready went along with him, leaving lieutenant Rofs and myfelf, who prefently follow- ed. All along Queen's-ftreet, and King-ftreet, we were purfued by a number of people with clubs and fticks, calling out, " Here »oes two more; kill them, kill them j" on turning into Quakers-' , I received a blow acrofs the neck with a (lick thrown at me, a^, her being aimed, j-afled with great violence, and numbers rulhing in, I was feparated from lieutenant Rofs, and followed with the cries, *' Down with him, kill him, kill him," and other opprobrious lan- guage, to the middle of Green's-lane, where they left me; from thence I got (ide to the barracks. WILLIAM BROWN, junior, . ,,.,f,' Lieutenant of the 14th regiment. SiifTolk, iT. Bollon, March 13th, 1770. •. -• Sworn before me, Jamei Murray, J. P. i. . ~ . (No. 116) ' '' " ^- 1 Henry Hallwood, enfign in the 14th regiment of foot, do fwear, that on Monday the 5th of March, 1770, being in my quarters, between the hours of 9 and 10 at night, 1 was alarmed by the bells ringing, (tiie alarm ufual in cafes of fire) and a great noife in the Jtreeis ; that in a few minutes afterwards, captain lieutenant Gold- finch came into the quarters where I was, and iaid, "The drums were beating to arms ;" upon which I went out, with captain lieutenant Goldfinch, lieutenant Mattear, fecond lieut*^i.-ant Napier, and enfign Laurie, and that in going through the ilreets, we were much infuit- cd and threatened, by the people, calling out, " There they go ; kill them, damn them, kill them," and that, being obliged to make the b'.'ft of our way to the regiment, which was at fome diftance from our quarters, we accomplifhed it with much difficulty and danger, having had C«7] had a great number of clubs and Aicks both thrown at us, and like- wife (truck at with them ; that one of thofe fticks ftruck me in re- treating^ which threw me on my back, where I lay at the mercy of two or three of thofe fellows, who were (Inking at me with large clubs, crying out at the fame time, " Kill him, kill him," and re- peatedly defired me to deliver up my fword with which I defended myfelf» until the above-mentioned gentlemen came to my a(nftance ; when they joined me, we cleared our way with our fwords to the barracks. . HENRY HALLWOOD, ."-v:i "■,?■■": '.'■-'.:'.' > , -, •> , Enlign. Suffolk, (T. Bodon, March 13th, 1770. Sworn before me, James Murray, J. P. ^ '. (No. 117.) . • ' . T William Napier, Enfign in the 14th regiment of foot, do fwear, that on Monday the 5th of March, 1770, being in my quarters, between the hours cf 9 and 10 o'clock at night, was alarmed with bells ringing as they ufually do for fire, and a great noife in the Areets; in a few minutes after, captain lieutenant Goldfinch of the T4th regiment of foot came into the houfe and faid, that the drum was beating to arms, upon which I went out, in order to join my regiment, along with captain lieutenant Goldfinch, lieutenant Mattear, enfigns Lawrie and Hallwood, all of the 14th regiment of foot, I was much abufed and threatened by the town's- people ; upon feeing them have large Aicks and fome firelocks, I drew my fword to defend myfelf, as they had made feveral blows at me, and calling out, ** There they go ; damn them, Aop them, murder them, and kill them ; '* foon after I faw Enfign Lawrie of the 14th regiment knocked down by a blow which he received from a townfman ; on my runnin? up to his aAiAance they made oA*; on going a little farther I obferved Enfign Hallwood lying on his back, and a man juA going to Arike him. I run up and made a cut at him with my fword, upon which they moved off; then we joined our regiment. WILLIAM NAPIER, Enfign of the 14th regiment. SufFolk, (T. BoAon, March 13th, 1770. bvvorn hetrjtb me, James Murray, J. P. (No. 118.) TIEUTENANT Alexander Rofs of the 14th regiment of foot, declares, that on Monday night the 5th of March, 1770, he was in the barrack room, and at a little paA 9 o'cloc'': the fame night heard the bells ring (as if for fire) and fome perfons running paA, crying, "Turnout, turnout;" on hearing fuch an unulual 'I'l 4, .'t1 J [ i8 J tiarm, the deponent opened his window, enquiring the canfe of facb diilurbance; was anfwered by a woman who lives oppofite, that it was to raif'' ic in! •bitauts againll the fuldiers ; a (hort time after* captaia l''L.cn ir GoHfinch, of the above mentioned regiment, calPd our ' thr e drum beat to arms;'* upon which the deponent immediauiy ran :o his fword, and on coming down Hairs met with lieutenant Brown of the faid regiment, who was alfo going out to jom it ; whole* barracks is about a 'quarter of a mile dillant from the plncu where the laid lieutenant Brown and the deponent then was , fhortly after entering the Itrcet, fcveral perfons called out* *' There goes two of the villains; knock them down, kill them," which was evidently intended for the faid lieutenant Brown and the deponent ; upon entering Quaker-Lane on the way to the regiment, the deponent received a blow upon the Ihoulders, with a Uick or iome other weapon, which was thrown at him by fome of thole men who cume running after them, crying out, ** Stop the villains^ Is ill them, murder them, kill every foldier you meet." On going a little farther, feveral blow s were aimed at them, with clubs. Hicks, Sec. which providentially efcaped both ; but the deponent was parted fronl the faid Lieutenant Brown in the hurry and confufion both was in when attacked by fuch numbers endeavouring to murder them, after which the deponent was purfutd by numbers in like manner, crying, *' Kill hnn, murder him ;" but upon getting nigher the regiment, they left off tjie purfuit. ALEXANDER ROSS. Suffolk, ff. Bofton, March 13th, 1770. iiworn before me, James Mouray, J. P. (No. 119.) 1 Daniel Mattear, lieutenant in the 14th regiment of foot, berng- duly fworn, depofe, that on Monday evening, the 5th of March, 1770, betwixt 9 and 10 o'clock, I was in my barrack room, in crnii- pany with lieutenant Brown, jun. enfign Napier, and eniign Hall- woo4 of the fame regiment, when I beard the fire bells ringing, and fome of the inhabitants running pall the door, crying, *' Turn out,*' repeatedly ; about half an hour afterwards, captain lieutenant Gold- finch of the faid regiment came and informed me the drum was" beating to arn)S, and dtfired I would immediately follow him to the rrgiinent, which was aboiu a quarter of a mile frurrHihe houfe where I live ; upon which 1 took a brace of piltols, and, in company witiv captain lieutenant Goldfinch, enfigns Napier, Hallwood, and Laurie, went to join the regiment. In oar way we paffed a number of the inhabitants, who made a great noife on feeing us and ufed forae very threatening language, but the particular expreffions I do not recol- hiX; and on going on farther, eight or nine men came running after me with clubs in their hands, ihreareiiing to knock me down and I _ t ^1 ; 3 C '9 3 . and murder me ; upon which I prefentcd a plflol at them, and told^ them I would (hoot the fird man that ftruck me. Thev then retired a little, and I proceeded towards the regiment ; but had not gone far before I faw enfign Hallwood on the ground, and two or three men Handing ove*- him with clubs in their hands ; I then called enfigit Napier, who wa« a little before me, to haften with me to enfign Hallwood*s adillance, and on our coming up, the men who had knocked him down went to one fide of the Ihcet, and we proceeded to the regiment. , , DANIEL MATTEAR. Captain of the I4ih regiment of foot. , Suffolk, ff. Bofton, March 13th, 1770. Sworn before me, James Murray, J. P. , (No. 120.) I Andrew Lawrie, Enfign in the 14th regiment of foot, do fvvcar, that on Monday lall, the 5th of March, 1770, being in my quarters, between the hours of 9 and 10 o'clock at night, I was alarmed with the bells ringing as tbey ufually do for fire, and a great noife in the ftreets ; in a few minutes after. Captain lieutenant Gold- finch of the t4th regiment came into the houfe, and faid, the drum was beating to arms ; upon which I went out, with captain lieutenant Goldfinch, lieutenant Mattear, 2d lieutenant Napier, and enfign Hallwood^ all of the 14th regiment of foot; and was much abufed and threatened by the inhabitants, who had taken large flicks, and fome of them mufquets ; that, in going to join my regiment, which was at fome diftance, the inhabitants call'd out, *• There they go; damn them, kill them, murder them, ftop them and kill them, &c.'* and I was then ftruck feveral times ; at laft I received a blow with a ftick which brought me to the ground, where I defended myfelf with my fword as well as I could, until 2J lieutenant Napier came to my afliftance ; upon which they made off; and going a little farther, 1 faw enfign Hallwood down, and thfee people Itrikingat him with clubs and large bludgeons ; but on our coming up to his afliilance, the people run away, and we joined cur regiment, , --./ ANDREW LAWRIE, Enfign of the 14th regiment of foot. Sufi*olk, ff. Bofton, March 13th, 1770. Sworn before me, James Murray, J. P. (No. 121.) T Henry Dougan, adling furgeon of the 29th regiment, tefliiry, that on Wednefday the 7th of March inft. between the hours of 9 and 10 at night, coming from the noith-end of the town, pafllng by a number of people, inhabitants, armed with fire arms and clubs, " . ' one % \i H in t »o ] one of them damned my foul and faid, " I was a foldler;" another fiidi " I looked more like an officer, and that if I was either they would immediately facrifice me;*' another faid, "he would foon difcover if I belonged to the army}" upon which he came up to me and lifted my great coat to examine my drefs ; finding me in colour'd cioathf, told the people, " I was neither foldicr nor officer." I heard them repeatedly fay, *' they had but one life to lofe, and that they were willing t6 lofe it for their country ;" and alfo faid, " that Mr. Hancock faid he had but one life, that he would lofe it for his coun- try, and why fhould not they? that they would oppofe the troops, and prevent them taking the damnM bougers out of jail." HENRY DOUGAN. Suffolk, ff. Boflon, March 14th, 1770. Sworn before me, James Murray, J. P. lif I i i !"l I* I 1 ' (No. 122.) T James Vibart, lieutenant in the 29th regiment of foot, being duly fworn, do depofe and fay, that I have been many times in- fulted and abufed in the flreets of Bodon, but mod particularly on the 1 2th day of March inflant, about 8 o'clock in the evening, as I was returning home from the coifee-houfe to my lodgings, I then re- ceived a blow from fome perfon unknown with a ftick or other wea- pon on my head, which wounded me on two places, and brought me to the ground, where I lay fenfelefs fome time. And I do further depofe, that I did not at that time, or before the blow, fpeak a word, or give the leail offence or provocation whatfoever, to any one for fuch treatment. JAMES VIBART. Suffolk, fl*. Bofton, March 14th, 1770. Sworn before me, James Murray, J. P. (No. 123.) / ■ ; Meffieurs Edes & Gill, " - ' . '■■ ^ '' <' - I- , ■ ■ ■ - Gentlemen, ^ AS the villainy of my fervant (who is a boy under age, without principle, fenfe, or education, and indeed unacquainted with our language) has fubjcfted myfelf and one of my friends to a fufpicion that we were concerned in the unhappy tranfaflion of Monday the 5th inftanr, I thought it necefTary to publifh the following affidavit as an additional (lill further) proof of^ my innocence, and the ex- treme injury done my fcntimencs and reputation, I am, Gentlemen, 16th March, Your humble fervant, 1770, Edward Ma^'warinc. Oo C =' ] On Monday the 5ih of this prcf^.nt March, 1770, about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, I called upon Mr. Edward Manvvarinp;, at his lodgings in Back-llrcet, Bollon, and immediately proceeded with hiin and Mr. John Monroe, to the houfc of Mr. Brown in '.'harleftovvn, to fettle an affnir between the faid Brown and one Dr. BiOwn in Bofton, relative to ;i horfe which the lall mentioned Brown had hired of the aforefaid Brown in Charldlown, where we ftaid till fomcihing after fix in the evening, and returned to Mr. Marwaring's lodgings about feven, and fat ourfelvcu down to fpcnd the evening with him, which we accordingly did. About an hour and half after our arrival at the faid Manwariiig's lodgings, we heard the cry of fire in the ftreet, and thereupon ran to the win- dows to be informed where it was, when Tome peifon made anfwcr at the fouth-end ; others in the ftrect v/cre alio enquiring where it was, and they were anfwered " that they would foon fee," and other exprcf- fions to the iamc purpofe, which made us conclude, that fomcthing more was in the cafe than fire alone; en which we cnmc to a refolu- tion not to ftir from the faid Manwaring's apartment; foon after this determination, we were confirmed more in our former opinion by a noife in the ftrcet, and fome people faying ♦* four out of five were killed," which words, though we did not know the meaning or*, fully fatisfied us there was fomething more than iire. On this occa- lion Mr. Manwaring's boy feveral times attempted to go into the ilreet to join the multitude, and once had got as far as the gate next the i'^rect, when Mr. Monroe fetched him back, and (hut the gate after hw). After this, Mr. Manwaring kept the faid boy in his the faid Manwaring's own room, being determined not to truit the faid toy out of his light. Then we, the faid Edward Manwaring, John Monroe, myfelf, and Mrs. Hudfcn the landlady of the houfc, who was afraid to ftay in her own apaitment alone ; I fay, we the afore- faid perfons fat over a bottle or two of mull'd wine 'till half an hour after ten, when the tumult feemed to be fubfided, and Mr. Monn-e propofed to go to his own lodgings, which Mr. Manwaring woiild have perfuaded him from, apprehending there might be danger in fo doing; but he perfevered in the refolution of going, and went ac- cordingly, but told us at parting, that if any tumult llill remained he would immediately return, but if he did not return we niight depend upon it all was quiet, and he did not return that night. After this, myfelf, Mr. Manwaring and Mrr. Hudfon (and the boy fiill in com- pany) remained together till about twelve the fame n-^lit, when Ihe left us to go to her own bed. After this, niyftlf, Mr. Manv. ariPi', and his boy fat up together about three hours longer ; it being then too late lor my returning to my own loclginj^s Mr. Manwaring pro- pofed my fleeping with him, which I accordingly did in the i^:ne bed, and the boy was orueitd to go to his bed, which he accordii.yly H CI J ■,.,( . ■ i I -'I a ft' ! I I At 111-] ' did, it beinc; in the fame room. Thcfc particulars I could cot Tup* preiai, in jultice to Mr. Manwaring and Mr. Monroe. MICIIAILL ANGELO WARWELL. K March, 1770. npHE above named Michael Angeto Warwcll above* named made oath to the truth of the above-written ' • affidavit, taken at the requelt of the above-named Ed* ward Manwaiing, to perpetuate the remembrance of the thing. Suffolk, ft". Bofton, March 15th, 17:0. Before Ri. Dana, J. P. and of the Quorum. EoM. QuiNCY, — J. Pacis. (No. 124.) a Ciounril held at the Cr ancil Chamber in Bollon, upon Tuffday the 6rh J^y of March, 1770. . ... P R E S E N T. His Honour the LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. ' , . Mr. Ruflcll, Mr. Tyler, Mr. Pius, * . . Mr. Dexter. 'p H E town having been put into gr.eat diforder and confufion the lall evening, by means of the king's tioops firing upon the inhabitants, whereby three or four of them have been killed, and divers others wounded, his honour the lieutenant-governor ordered a council to be notified : The council being met, hib ho- nour opened to them the occafion, whereupon they advilcd him to fend notice to colonel Dalrymple, the commanding ofiiccr of the troops, and to licutenant-colonel Carr of the 29th, that the lieu- tenant-governor and council were now aflcmbled on this unhappy occafion, and would be glad they would attend in council, while the matter wns under difculfion, and aftbrd them fuch light as was in their power, rclpeitin^ the affair under confideration. The commariding ofiicers or the two regiments attended accordingly, when, in their prefence, divers gentlemen of the council informed his honour the lieutenant-governor. That the people of this and fome of the neighbouring towns were fo exafperated and in- cenfcd on account of the inhuman and barbarous deftrnftion of a number of the inhabitants by the troops, that they apprehended imminent danger of further bloodftied, unlefs the troops were forthwith removed from the body of the town, which in their opinion was the only method to prevent it. While thcfe matters were under debate in council, a committee from the town of BoAcn then aiTembled in town-meeting waited ^ on Mr. Dan forth, Mr. Frving, Mr. Hubbard, Mr. Gray, . C «5 ] on his honour the liciitcnani-governor, mod fervently praying. That his power and influence may be exerted for the immcdint* removal of the troops, as nothing k(s could rationally be ex- peftcd to rcllore the peace of the town, and prevent bloodfhcd and carnage. No quellion was put to the council ; but the feve- nil gentlemen of the council prc.^nt cxprcflcd their fenfc of the necoftity of the imnu;diate removal of the trooj s from the town: iind after they had conferred with colonel Dalrymple and colonel Carr upon the luhjcd), his honour gave the following anfwcr to the (oiiuniitcc of the town, the fame having been firll read to the council, viz. Gentlemen, T AM extremely forry for the unhappy differences between the in- habitants and the troops, and crpecially fc.- the adtion of the laft evening ; and I have exerted myfelf upon the occalion, that a due inquiry be made, and that the law may have its courfe. I have iiv council cnnl'ulted with the commanding officers of the two regiments which are in town : They have their orders from the general at New York ; it is not in my power 'o countermand his orders. The council have defired that the regiments may be removed to the callle. From the particular concern wiiich the 29th regiment 'as had in thefe differences, colonel D.ilrymple, who is the commai aing officer of the troops, has fignified to me, that that regiment fhall be placed in the barracks at the caille, until he can fend to the general and re- ceive his further orders concerning both the regiments ; and he has give.-, me affurance that the main guard (hall be removed, and the 14th regiment fhall be fo difpofed, and laid under fuch rcltraint, that all future differences may be prevented. The council was then adjourned to the afternoon, and being met, )iis honour received a fecond mefiage from the town by a committee appointed for the purpofe, in the words following, viz. Voted, That a committee be appointed to wait on his honour the lieutenant-governor, and acquaint him, that it is the opinion of this meeting, confilling of near 30CO people, that his honour's reply is , by no means fatisfadlory, and that nothing will fatisfy the town, lefs than a total and immediate removal of the troops. His honour the lieutenant-governor laid before the board the foregoing mefTage of the town prtfented to him this afternoon, and then addrefTed them as follows, viz. Gendemen of the council, I lay before you a vote of the town of Bofton, which I have juft now received from them ; and 1 now afk your advice what you judge necc/Tary to be done upon it. The council thereupon exprcfled themfelves to be unanimoufly of opinion. That it was abfolutely neceflary for his Majefly's fervice, l^e good order of the town, and the peace of the province, that the H 2 troops I i pi"' [ 24 ] troops fl)ould be immediately removed out of tha town of Boflon ; and thcreiifion advifed his honour to communicate this advice to colonel Dalrymple, and to pray that he would order the troops down to Canie William. The following is the firfl: mcflage from the town of Bollon, re-t ferrcd to in the foregoing proceedings in council, viz. At a mecriniT of the inhabitants of the town of Eofton, at Fanieuil-hall, March 6, 1770. Voted, That it is the unanimous opinion of this meetino;, that the irihabitants and fohiiery csn no longtr dwell together in iiifcty ; t!ut Toothing can rationally be expei^kd to reRoie the peace of the tnv'yn, and prevent blcod ard carnai^e, but the immediate removal of the tioops; and that Thomas Cudiiiig, John Hancock, Jofliua Hanfiiav , Samuel Adams, Htndcrlou inches, Samuel Pemberton, Doftcir Berjamin Church, jolin Ruddock, Wiliiam Phillips, Eze- kitl Goldthwait, Benjamin Auliin, Samuel Auuin, William Moli- iicaux, Jonathan Mafon, and Jofcph Jackfon, be a committee to wait upon his honour the iicutcnant-govciuor, in the name of the inhabi- tants, and moll fervently pray his honour, that his power and in- fluence may be exerted for their inllaat removal. ■ t ■ ■ N. B. Lieutenant-colonel Dalrymple of t'le 14th repiment, lieu- tenant colonel Carr of the zqth, and captain Caldwell, of his Majcliy'b (hip Rofc, were preu nt in council, during the greater part of the forenoon, and 'he who.lc of the afternoon, while the foregoing proceediiigs were had in council. The foregoing are true copies fr-^m the council-minutes. Aticil. Jo£-::; Cottok^ Secretary. , r '; i.jti'it.'M ./ r,l ;•■: By I 1 c^l^*'^ % SEAL. T. HUTCHINSON. [ 25] (No. 125.) •'.r ''V- By the Honourable Thomas Hutchinson, Efq; Lieu- tenant-Governor and Com- mander in Chief, in and over his Majefty's Province of Mafl'achufetts - Bay in New-England. T Do hereby certify that Fofte. Hutchinfon, Efq; is one of his Ma- jefty's Juftices of the Peace for the County of Suffolk, in the Pro- vince of Maffachufetts Bay abovefaid, and that full Faith and Cre- dit is and ought to be given to his Ads and Atteftations (as on the annexed P?.per) both in Coi« him; [ i7 ] him ; but that if he joined with theni, and colonel Dalrymple, after that, (hould retufe to remove the troops, the blame would fheo Jie at his door." The lieutenant-governor all along declared, that he had no authority over the troops ; yet as the coun(;)| Icnew, by what had pafTed, that upon this defire colonel Dalrymple would confent to remove them, He, on this emergency, told the council, he would comply with their advice, and would de- fire it of him accordingly ; and the colonel declared, •' That upon receiving a letter from the lieutenant-governor to that purpofe, he would do it." Thefe declarations were made to the towns-com- mittee, and were by them faid to be reported to the town, ilill aflembled in town-meeting ; whereupon the minds of the people appeared to be quieted. The council was adjourned to the next morning, to fee the minutes made by the iecretary of this day's proceedings fet in order, as well as to do feme other bufinefs that had been afllgned over to that time. The fecretary, in his draft, exprcflt-d what had been faid in de« bate, in thefe terras. — *' Divers gentlemen of the council in- formed his honour the lieutenant-governor. They were of opi- nion, that it was the determination of the people to have the troops removed from the town ; and that this was not the fcnle of the inhabitants of the town of Bolton only, but of other towns in the neighbourhood, who Hood ready to come in, in or- der to efFeft this purpofe, be the confequen^c of it what it may ; unlefs they fhall be withdrawn by the commanding oflicers, which, in their opinion, was the only method to prevent the ef- fufion of blood, and, in all probability, the deftrudion of his Ma- jefty's troops, who mull be overpowered by num! which would not be lefs than ten to one.'* This form was allowed flridlly to cxprels the truth, but that it would not ftand well on the council records. One of thegtr- tlemen on the board prepared an amendment, as in the words following, — - *' That the people of this, and fome of the neighbouring towns, were* fo exafpcrated and incenfed, on ac- count of the inhuman and barbarous deflruiTiion of a number of the inhabitants by the troops, that they apprehended imminent danger of further bloodihed, unl;;fs the troops were forthwith removed from the body of the tovn, which, in their opinion, was the only method to prevent it." — This amendment was fub- llituted, and the minutes of the vvhble proceedings fee in order and agreed to. ANDREW OLIVER. Suffolk, fT. Bodon, March 13th, 1770, him; n C 28 ] t ^ M' ANDREW OLIVER, Efq; made oath before me th« fubfcriber, one of his Majefty's juftices for this county, that the foregoing by him fubfcribcd was true. FOSTER HUTCHINSON* \4-tf ll' A- / / \ :\- ■•''», ;-Tt < /.',:■■■■■'■ k N \ >f!. k [ »9 3 A N 1 N D E X TO THE yr, ■ '.Mi A P E .N D I X. M ■n-f I BASSET James, Bills Samuel, Brown William, Buckley Thomas, . page 14 ■ .1 lb 9 Gotten John, 2Z ..»l,: A N Davies William, Dickfon Hugh, rFougan Henry, n 3 IX '9 Gilllfpic ! i t 30 ] '4- Gillifple John, Goldhnch John, .Greenwood Thomas, G page 7 10 \k^ Halu'ood Henry^ Hill Edward, H j6 8 I I :■ ': Inman John, M lit Lawrle Andrew, jxilie Sannicl, Lochcad Thomas, «9 3 % If- Mall Alexander, Mafon Edmund, Mattear Daniel, Minchin Paid, M N 4 9 Napier William, }'i Oliver Andrew, Palmes •age 7 lO i6 8 »9 4 .1 9 17 Palmes r • [ 31 ] p Palmes Richard, Pryce Thomas, Rofs Alexander, Saint Clair David, Steele Thomas, Vibart James, R ■^ V W Warwell Michael Angelo, Weir John, m^ pagci^. ,, • i !l ^7 111 '.I 1.V 12 9 % so 1 II