ifromTmK Xm^, Mvrdreai Xlik Jw,mari J^^.ff'.) THE SITUATION 7" n Read ! Miu^k I Learn / arid In v/ardty Digoai ! ' ' — OK THE — HON, ED¥/ARD BLAKE BEFORF THE Young Men's Liber cd Cluh of Toronto, . . '■ _.. , . — ON — ' '• ' / Tuesday EvENiNTT.JANTJARy 13th, 1884, Mr. Blake, on coming forward wa,s ; maiiheol suffrage- 1 thiEk the resulw greeWi Mvith rour.d after round of cheer- j of that legislation have demonstrated ing. He isaid : — Mr._ Chairman, ladies, I ita wisdom. (Cheers). It was based and gentlemen, — It is always a great | u|X)n the proposition that the franchise privilege to a pablic man co be permit- \ "was, when properly viewed, an elevating ted to express, to any portion of his ; priyilege, and that it was, .therefore, of countrymen, his seitimentfi npon tlie ; the last coriseqxience tliat at the earliest public affairs of their ';ommon country, ; period at wliich the process of reflection but I confess that it is with pecuL^r land argument were available, the citizen pleasure that I avail myself of the op- should hs trained to the exercise of the portuiiity given me to address a meeting j fraiichise. Nc-w, I ha\e said that 1 re- under tlie auspices of the Younjr Men's , gard politics as Liberal Club.pf Toronto. (Applause.) 1 1 have alw^ays regarded the politics of a j the .voblest occupation of the utizkn-, free country, as the noblest occupation \ a^d vet I hav.- becm esneciallv anxiou.^ oftho citizens of that country, and I 'that the voung shovddearlv take a -^art have always believed that it , i^ x\^q^.^ : because, although they be the was cspential io the fullest de- 1 noblest occupation of the citi:ien I know velopment of the nobler part of ; it jg often dofi].;d, .and it is very import- polities that there should _ be an early ! ant to all of us that the generous aspira- apprenticeship on the part of the citizen | tioas of vouth should mingle with our to tiiat, his noblest duty. It has always j erforts, and it is ail important that the been my earnest wish, tncrefore, that j youth of the countrj' Wn to partici- tl*e young Canadian should, av a very ; J,ate actively in the politfcs of the coud- early time m his hfe, beg-ii tiiat active j try and do so upon sound and ete^ ate/i interest in poht)CE which It IS the nartjpi-incJples. Thev should .nlm hich. of every good citizen to take, and, a.s long I -^'iipy j^^^^\. rem^^mbcr. as we ail ouelu, ago as i&n years or more, I took an op- ; to rememl}er, that there inav be dear- iKDrtuuity of making a proposition in j bought victories. i:nd that itls b,:;ttor to that sense, and based upon that j lose in the right than to triamph in the view, for the enlargement of the i ^-j-on)?. ffy^ad applause.^ Thev rju.'t. franchise of Ontario, whi.h rei^ultcd ir. i ^h vouth "will, I think, be only too wil- tno adding of a very great number of : n^^g to do, agree that the end doe.< ivA youT'g men all through the rural parts ' -^^gtlfy the means, they must be willinc ot The ProYxtice to the rolls, who other- -to nssTJme as their rule of action in i>Gli« Wise would have been for a long series ; tics that no double cnn.«cie,nce should d> of years excladcd from the franchise, I vide the man and the politician. (iK)ud and which resulted, iurthor, m uicroas- i apnlause.) ^^.jw, we are ilv'.ng under a ing the number of the electorate of On- j free svstem of Government, which is tanpto a point higher than m any other j worked upon the principle of partv. Pro^ance, except one, which possesses ' There are manr men who lay to that principle ihe sreftt and ad:uilt«'d eviiS|View of things than that (JiAr".s:>u>a whifh i^rmeute out political xysteHi. 1 1 which goes on wh^n raeasriTGH arft ut-at- am not blind to those faults, nor anil led from opposite points of riew by a blind to the fa<'-t that the excess of party | Government and an <>ppoeition. iiut I zeal tends largely to prodnce them. Ijsay that the ihing has its evils and see— we have all aeon — incapacity and [grave evilfljtliat it is liable to abus*» and men crime condonsKl; I have seen fraud , great abuse, and that the yoiin^ who justified ; 111 a,ve seen a loose code of I are entering npon tiie liiscnssion of poli- morality embrace*.! ; I })ave seem legiala- 1 tical affairs, and are tiikiug their imrt, tive iniquities- -sii'h, forexi'wple, as the i should recogiiize that, and, in the spiri* Gerrymander Act <^i' last session— (loud '■ which you, Hir, intimated a few moments applause) approved and applauded ; : ago, engage in the discussion of politi< al and I have sen all the.se things done ■ questions, from an independent stand- largely in tl;e name and for the interest j point, and with an earnest desire to of party. (Applause) But I say thai read i the true, the sounds the just thc.'?e are not inseparabl'! from the prin- conclusion. For my own pai-t, I have ciple of ))arty government (Applau.se. 1 1 been some seventeen or eighteen years T say f liat «uch things as theise are, .some \ in public life. I havo sat for some threo or oi v,-htch mif'bt have 1)ecii parallelled in four and twenty s^ssioi-s in one House the bi.'stor.' of English representative or the other, and I have never ]jivpn a institutions, would be imjMj8.?ible in the . vote or pronounced an opinion whicliT England of to-day. iNotv,itl!3tandii! the severity of f>arty strife, notwith stand ir.i!; the acriinonv and bitterness Avould ask my constituents or my fellov- countrymen to approve of or condone becatise it was a i>aTty vote or opinion. which, uiiliappily prevail, and have for : jT^oud cheei-s.] It is upon the raerits of the last fevy years, prevailed in England, ! those votes and opinions that 1 have at- tiie things to wliich I have referred are temptc:d, and ever will attempt, to vindi- ini{x>6sible there. If you want proof of ■< ate their soundness. I rejoice, T need it take ti.e iiedistrioution Act now or ! hardly say, in the establishment of shortly to be placed l>efore the English | this club. I hope that its membership, Parliament and the Redistribution Act i large thotigli it be, as you have ju.stmen- — so-culled — pa?nsed in the Canadian, tioned, will be more thai) doubled with- ■ Parii anient of 1882. Iiva3 deliberately used in order, if tkjs- j ^^^ -^-"^ bxamplb. fcible, to crush the minority out of "ex- j There are many other places in which istence, while m the other the principles ; Young Men's Liberal Qubs may well be of redistribution were aj^reeil upon by i established. There are places in Ih^- the mutual assc-nt of the tv.'o groat par- ' country in which it is better t<:) adhere tics (loud applause), and you will see to the old system of old and young that in a country iu which party govern- \ going together, in which it is difficult to meiit prevails, justice and equity, and , get sufficient members conveniently iionor, and liWral notions may yet also close to one another to establish prevail. So wit>' reference to the gen- : different organizations. No such dilB- eral code of poiiiicahuoral't}-. Contrast ' culty exists here. There are raanv other the Englieii code with tluit observed in 'places in which no such difficulty Canada. Contrast even t}>e code of the i exist8> and Avhere numbers, and TTnited States with that observed here! convenience, proximity are_ such — far inferior as tiiat is to the English. ' as to enabh.; diflei^ent organikjations Irt>ol: at the case of Colfax ; look at even j to be formed, and in these places I later and larger cases wliich I might j favor the formation of nmner- name, and see ior yourselves once again , ous organ izatic-ns. Yon have work that party .spirit does not neces.sarily i before you, studying the public aniiihilaie the sense of honor or justice. ; questions of the day, prepjiring yoijf- And, after all .said, party government 1 ! selves by practice lor the di.scussiou of believe t.:> be inevirable, for 'the reason ; thaso onesDons upoii the platforni ; you that you will have an organ fzatior. ■ have the practical work of carrying yonr at aiiy rate • on , the sis to. a si'.ccebSfKl Government. The Government of the j issue by taking that part which kn.ow- day, to Vvhutever views it may adiiero. i ledge and trained activity can take in is the nu'dens of au oi^anization. It ; tiie oiganization of your party — iu see- holds place, i>ower, patronage, and ha>- : iag to the registration of the votes, see- tlit' uiiicidnery for cons -;li dating its ad- ; iug to gettii»g out the votes, seeing to the heicnls, and it <'i'.*.s not seeuj to me pes- j formation (f .a .^ouiijl public opinion sible that there should be :uiy efiective j aniong.st the mas-ses of your jellow- check upon thp course of guvernment; citizens and olector.s. There is in this indes* tiiere l;e an organized party in < city. Conservative though it l)e, a opposition. ISor am 1 able to advhie -great Lil»eval ibree. (Ijoud applause), any belter 3Jieans for tiie ascertainment .There is a Liberal 'force sui- of a tiT.O; and r-ound, and rea.sonable ' ficientiy strong to do "great things 3 There IS even ijr. !< > f.io. Liberal foiro ;^ti..u^ enongr to l-e of great and vaJnr.hl-.- liSsifetRBce m spwad- ifig LitK^T ili^rfr <"'j j«s and carrying tbem to a succeaaruii^'sac in the sarrounding constitucm'^ies. VV.; il^former«i of the Province nf Oui •.!■:<■ must never fr.>rget vincial politioA, felt ixnder great obliera- tinns to him tor the conree he uxik. I:i ibe yenr 1SS2. ten vears after vpard^, when the Liberal pertr, crippled by the Act to which I have referred, and by &r. election p»-ecipitatpf tte- : -t ;d(ed ncdistribution jtario for tlie election, and ho 'ibored, aa I :. ipro to .»!?nd to Parlia- jfow mon liave labored, as few niert could /ibi-ral side. Youmust labor, through that contest and the one Tit iinder all the un- { which followed a year later. We owed to fav<^rab]c (ironui t hires of the late eiec- j them gratitude for their services la the tion, cir< nmstaji'os which I shall not j past, we owe tna] friends, and as a the truth of tt:e vieus which wo have ; public man sb.aro with you the feeling been pressing ni^ui the people, and tiuit, > of sorrow for tbeir loss. I tnist that at thi. time the .ribje^-te w^hiA ft^n^d i . , , ^^,^^^ the pim^'iDal tojoi' of debate ac the late ■ .,, . , . , . , , election are disras.-ed in altogether a '^'^^^ I'cniam enshrined m your hearts difterent .-oirit, :;nd that altogether a j and that the lesson they taught us will different temper , rovailti ia the ranks of |»t;t be forgotten. They took an active, the adversary, H is > ;;, , ';; r- IMPOSSiBLB I'>R THEM TO AT'Fn.\t honorable, noble, manly part in the po- litical life of their country. They worked while it was to-day and, may we not say arty longer to cvicun apparent facts as j of them as it was said bv a t-reat man proving beyond controversy the sound- of ooUtic^l friends gone:— neas of their pol'.in'. From a jxjnod within a few months after that election had taken place, and up to the present day, circiuristances have been accu-i mulating, facts have jjeen coming for-! ward, events have been .precipitated upon the niiudfiff tbe impartial anv roandiag, All our sua and starlight hero, VoiccH of oiu' lost onfrs Houndin."', Bid us lh> of heart and cheer, Throueh the cilenoO: down the spacesi FuU)i5g on the Inward ear. Ijet us draw their maiitlesi o'er as, , Which have fallen in our way, ~ » IiCt u:i do the work before Ui?, <'heeri!y, brarely, whilo wo may. Ere >hu Ions ni^bt-siii-nce coniOth, And -with ii> it it? not day," (Loud and prolonged applause.) Now, Mr. Chairman, there are many topics, each of which deserve a speech by itself, which I might address yon upon. There cannot forget, nor cart I lose the present i are uiany c^ueations of a most pressing opi>ortunity of retV-rring to losses which I character. The constitution under vre have .soshiined. AVitliin the last few j which we live was settled, unfortunaio- dayp We liuve sustained grievous losse.s. ; ly, witbont nn apjx^al to the people, We have lost froro the ranks of cur j without that threshmg and sifting, and party, from onr fellowship as citizens, ' crucial discussion in rarliamcnt, in the two men who were well known tp most | newspaj)e)-s an. T.icy were young Lit> ■ niistakc, that the union should have erals, not so Iobt>; ago, and early in their : s:>een a lp'-:isialive, not a federal union, lives they assumed a prominent place ; and it bears unmistakable mark.s of tb.at in the connrils unM tanss of the Liberal \ handiwork. There are defects and in- partj-. In 1871-72, tliose critical years j consistencies which v^oukl not have ap- in ourPi'ov'w-.ciaj b:story,.Tan;esBethuiielpeared iiad it been e;ut»mitted to the test valiantly contested and won the County ! of public discussion. You have allnd- of Stormont, when it was of the last con- 1 ed, Mr. Chairman, to one defectr- sequenco to tlie Liberal party that not a jthe Senate. As Senate, we Ijave — we, coriity should be lost. I, at that tims, j hvinglin a deuiocratic country, in an engaged actively a? 1 was. in these Pii>i age of democratir principles— a ^R lecli l^lsiajivc lody not ele<:*ed di- ' the SKmo IVnvince tbrt power t« aj.lim- rectiy or iBuifectls? by the people, i nister these laws fey E^aas ^ Provia^ but apfxojiit«d by the First Mmistor aud j cial officerf respomblc to the pplc appcintcd for life. The Sonat-e Wiia saier3 theqnestiunof tbepri:icirk*g Hj^-^xiMmch are appuintgit)lature, and in is to guard afrainst that — aiid yet he | those laws which do not etfect appoints the watch dogs. (Lond luugh- ^ the general interest of the ter and applause). Now I say we ought to I Dominion, your lecrislation is not have a Senate responsible to and elected j supreme ? (Chcera). " I say it would be by the jxjople — (great applause) — small ; better for you — because the Truth U al- ia numbers, and •vith proper checks and | ways better than a sliam — to safeguards which have been devised and | uavb a i.BGisL.n-iv£ ir>io:^ at on( e which could easily Ik; made to avoid ! +1,^.,^ ^- „„k™4* +^ , ,„.„, ^c ~^,.; • those difficulties which the great objec- ' f,^^ . wS™!^ VT / .fLTffl'l that which concerns tbrhnlc betWn | *^,7^f*SL >n.ftf'^ 1 them and the F^leral body-tlie Lieut- ! ^fr^'^^S^^f^wv ?^^ r-^, ^»..^, T>„f 41, « iv^ ;».;«« ^*- '■•.,„,- 1« of ^3iiadiar\. legislation we should be h?a nn rL.r tn *iafl^^e, and «hoSld iiu=lst that We on.ght nas no po^ex to - . j ^^^ govern cur own affairs, .md the same aEviBE iiHR coKHTmTK^N , ruig applies as between one c^f the Pro- at al. Neither the r>eople nor the Par- ' vinces and the Dominion as applies he- liament of Canada can amend tho Con- ; tween the Dominion and the Empire, slitution, either with rtiference to the j with reference to domestic legislation. Senate or auything else. 1 maintjiin \ Even though we have a written Consti- that tliat is a great disadvantage. > lution, a large part of the Constitution (Cheers.) We ought to have inherent 'is unwritten, and dei^ends upon the in us the power to revise and amend our j spirit in which it is interpreted and ad- ■ Constitution as from time to time may \ mmistered. That is the case, as you seem necessary, with proper safeguards, | know, entirely, as to the British no df ubt, for the rights of the Provinces, iXjonstitntion, which is unwritten. as tuey exist in the United .'-^tates. At : In tliis question of disallowance the present time, no luatter how much ; it is all important to under- you might Kke to change the Constitu- j stand the spirit in which you should ex- tion, you do not know that it would be j pound our Constitution:!. ExpC'Und 't on done, for it is dependtnt upon the action: the federal principle on which it i ; re- of the Imperial Government and Par- i cited, that it is made, and you will liament; and no matter how mu:h you i reach one conclusion ; expound it in the might desire not to change it, the change i spirit of legislative union, and you will might bo made bera^be it depends upon j reach another. That is not a question for tliig action of that Gfjvornm»,nt and Par- the lawyers, therefore it is not a ques- liauienu Then there is anu. icr thing, tion for the Courts, but it is a high and which grew, I bclie\e, largely out of the I important and yet \ ery plain "fjuestion circumstauf'cs to which I have refcrred for th.e people at large to settle at the resi)eeting the adoption of the Con-ititu- i pcUs. (Loud ch.eering). Look for ex- tion and that is tiie division of the judicial' a iX; pie at the que;slion of granting p%«©? os^ right to maVo laws uron a '^>nrticu3?ir which I pot to you— th© question of t^iic. and tho Central LojrisUtar» did } policy. In wiiat i^pirit Rhali wii act nt not inU-ifere witl; the exorriso of that | Ottawa ? Phall we, after it has bf-en right, can we ask mort; rogcnt or plainer ; estahUshed, after eightetm years e.d to be violated, pnd ujwn the very doctrine to whiv.h T have referred-— thai of neces- sity. It was nnnounced to xtn that Tnn LAWYHKS HAD FOCXD OV i ttiat we were all wrong, anodiiian. Wo said thati nothincc of the kind had been discov- has beendecin.^ nf Tn-rv- ■ i -. , > ,„ ee^dine to vlo" ered, and we said more lat it was, inoioad of pro- ; idj^^ev andifficacy of law, it is upon iate tna. coinmon sense. | f^, ^^^ ^^^.^tion in v. hich the atten^pt Bad [Ijoud applause.] We were told nothing of the kind shall be done, our arqend- ments were exp<.dled, e ' V dure, into the hands of the Dominion. ijeen ina<3e and will be persisted in, I" fear,to take away the power of tlie IxK.-al fxigislatures and legislate for the whole Dominion at Ottawa. (Loud and pro- longed applause.] I cong^atulale the Liberals up<^n tne series of triumphs wiiich have attci:deass,^and^Jhe ^^^^^ ^^^^^j ^.-^^^ j>yt^ j 3^^ t^ ,^^^ Judicial Council laws on vitality- Committee of decided that this subject had -were not the waste the Privy the local efficacy and pai^er their work is not done, so long as these j>ersi.stent efforts to minimize that prin- : ciple go on, and that we must set our ^ ,,. ,. ., ^m ^-<.v I faces as flints .-I'minst these aggressions we were told m tiie city of loronto they i ^^.^^^ j^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ -^^ ^^.^^ ^^ ^^^^ were. (Loud au-i prolongen taem to re{*al , ^^^j. / ^^. ^^ -^ essential to the pros- theiflaw,smce the argument of ne(^^!j^j.:^y^^^^^^jg'(-,^j^^^l^ ^^ 1^^^ <:.,,,.^ *orce, j-N , i ^^ Chairman, there are other questi(ns ! upon which I would say a few words, because I have to deal with some pre^- sity was shov\ n to have no the second act of tho drama was gone | on with. W^e were told that, as a matter of policy, this law should be kept uj»n the stataie book, if oy womehook or by some cro; )k, some cimning device of the lawyers, the jurisdiction could he h.eld bv tl;e J^orniuion, tbouvh the Province sing questions v.hich have been before us for some years — are l>efore us this night for df cisiou. There is the ques- tion of CX^MMEiiClAL rmEATlBS. had adeq»at« jurisdiction. An anujige- , ' ment was mad'' for a statement of a case j We have believed for a long time that it 10 the Fupn^me C<;urt tc; ask its decision ; was extremely important that we should ; upon the qaestiou, and it is only this ; enlarge our foreign markets. Botii par- P niorniiig yyn have heard that the unani- ; ties have agreed upon this. The party . mous iudgmct.it of that tribunal in all ' in p<.>wer proclaimed that it was one of the dlspuuj-d points, the^int with rt'fer- 1 their most earnest objects to enlarge onr once to wlvole.sale (ue liquoi sviid vessel -^enses, lieen.'=*'«. except "f foreign markets by making arrange- wiiich i mente with divers countries. ^Tbe hav^ may be pi« to one a'de^ the law of >.ho ; been in power for a good many year& Dominion is void. (Tremendous ap- ; and h« , v. not -succeeded in taking tlie plauae.) Now. there, you ^e, we have j first step ab y^t m the enlargement of twumphed under the O^iiQtitntion. But the market. (Laughter and appiatiae.) On the contran*, the markets nemn to be carrowiiiif rather than enlarging. I j:aTfT ai^ti6oHt and best about tlio bubiuess. They involve discnssionH with reference to advantfiu^es and disailvanlajjes. The c<:>mrperoial and fiscal injlicy of EngJanii liiflers widely from ot'ra ; their lives are tlifferent, their views are (bifcn-i!;. It is necessary only to luok to their public despatches ujkxu analogous questions to observe. ^V"e iiave found it c3tat«d in Parliament that we just iniased iV mt;si ;.- in London. Before the answer caiae tiie happv monient was lest, find the treaty w;is lost too. That has been stated by tl^e First Mi- nister at Ottawa, yet be says it would be a great harm for Canada to have {Kjwer to negotiate treaties dire" tluit way. (Applause). I am rather a man of pjae^' myself, at any rate, but the idea of insistin^i: that, if a commercial con ven- tion m broken, you will go to" war about it, seems t.') me perfectly absurd. (Ap- plause). It Ifi said that we are bx)small to engage in commercial treaties ad- vantageously. It dejxiiids uix>n tlie ad- vantages of a treaty wliether we will negotiate it or not. 'it does not depend upon our siz<^, wluch is^espectuble, our nuTAbers whicli are c-^nsiderable, or our trade which is not to be despised, but upon the question whether the other party tliinks it is a good bargain to enter into or not It seems to me the argu- ments against our position ura entirely fallacious, and thai common sense ani exix>rience alike indicate that a step in advance would be taken if Can- ada had the power to make her own commercial treaties, (Loud ap- plause.) All these things, however, thej?e constitutional questions, andthoee afiecting the future {>f our country, we shall settle wisely and well if we reco- gnize the great leading principles upon which we should govern. I ha% e said that for Canada one of these is the full and ample recognition of the Federal principle. Arid I saygenerally that for Ca- nada, as for the Provinces of Canada, TnE nmifXEATiG piui^oiplb' is the secend great principle. We aro not to ferget that we live in a democratic ag«», antl tliat we are < mocritic jprodnctn ot » ; All o'^er tm dviliKerf w twentf-five year?*, it r tbe observer that tl..-. ;..w :H;en ap- proaching what iscailc I lim reign of tne fthe DioJit de- .••iAppiause.)' i. for tbe laai en p.'asn *o (ruimonftcople. Ev ftf revolutionary mov ated the coiitineiii years ago, it h'j.s b- in those old-world un ed round us thoy v feudal buttress e« ;u N .e •iup the series ' IS which aglt- 1 urop^j a fow ■ marked, evcti I'v hien, btitttess- ' ' i>y the great .ampart.s, and overborne ii- Uie per- vf^ned, you have had a.. tiMjdal ramparts to hatter down; n-' -lar; Ihi-v army to over-awe 3'ou; im <:]■:■ ■■. i-.'atifin of wealth or power h' hau'!^; no hereditary aristor. ., reason why t here the clemocratii- pi i u; :ple should not be applied. (Loud a; ■ i,r:,se). It may go Ufi^ju two lines, ani! ;ji...ii this contin- ent both are being trivu — the presiden- tial system on the oftur .side 'and the system of British frw^dcnj, which, for my part, I have approved and advocated a8 being in this country. It is being tried here under cir;;t;'n .Uances more favorable than at th<' i-u England, yet in that v 1 1 how strong the deni'. ;■ Within a few dayy ;':.: Minister of England v.iii mated that grand iueu.--'r, the eltictorate of the i -^ will be mcreased from li;! five millions. (Great ;;}'j(]ause). Yon will see a i«pre.?ental i vo Government always, when there wa-: :■ '.creat questfon to Lf decided which m-., ■ •, the lieart ©f the people democratic Iviu still under ordinary circum.stau'-' \ aristocratic under the great power oi ilie peers and the unhappy arrangement vj the olector- &U^ districts and the re.v'.rj ud franchise, which subsequently be< >r.,t.. fjlutocratic, •!nent exist in v^orld you see /i.iu fjpirit ig, L'reat I'l-ime- bave cunsnm- imder which ieudoL'?cis.) Now the democratic principk;^ ias die great*?st possibilities for gwd, iuid whether w© oelieve in it or shrink fr<>n; it, we ha^'e to face it. If the experinH-'nt has gbt t^ be tried, then, that it may huve a diaiice to succeed to the utteruiast— and aH good men wish it to~it is sur duty, and especially \b it the duty of the "young and acti\e, to see what are Hie dangers to be guarded againat and. (Ap- plause.) The division of ,..ultL. notljy communistic law, but by biiose happy conditions which prevail b-ie, the repu- diation from tlie statute hwk, and from those statutes which iie alurined in t^ hearts of the people of the law of pn- mog'initure ; the distTibiui<>]i, as a rule, of a man's wealth equally ajoongst bis children; the aboUtiob. — wMeh I: E siii "auH'Si s^tiOiigh ta scivtT* prnrtiriTT, Its I hnve 5Bfd, C«f tl" ■ '. '• *^td ca*o - 14' thf! ;^.w of entfl^l; of libr.r on the or.f. Ii.tnd, ;"..! , lal <^n tl!u otLw. I hav.^ no LcHttotmn iu A u H'i.!.v iwirfKD M>icArr<>x ; sayinf toy,,'. U.n* f !,..,-.. i.s one iCHt wiucli an mt<>rmin^!Jngof the ixjople ; th.> of.! Hiavi' always • Ui apply when I fiverneiit, as far as vo <'an efface tlitJuJ "^V** J<*fiireci to <-i,ns!.ier what the ma- ofcuu5s digtiaotions in our mittst—all I ^""'^^ fonditiou ot a 'Wintry wts. .iml the*- things are poiuta to which we ! ^^^'^^ . ^'^^'^ »vnf>- AVh,:it is th? rnaterial B'lO'ildlook cart'lViII V • • which ftnie ''*'*'"^''.'''"' <>ftho lowugt claao «>» '....nfst I/iberals, anxious fo' . ,>:;.x^3 of the/' ^'''•"'■' ' ■ *^'''' wuntry ':• If 1 ihni tlio UeracxTutio principle, biifukl seek to^*^^^'*-'-'"'' ^l*^*^ so f.iirly paiil tu.it there is achieve. I attribute tho gn>atfst irn-' ^'^ougn for the .•5!])pnrr of a um". an 1 of lH>rtance t<^ the mterminghng ,.f the • ^^"^*^ ^'^^'^'^ent upon him and s-ome to rx'ople. T fofl that wo oxJxht to l>e Jis T ' '^y ''-T % ^ rahiy (hty, I kjiow that T itive said, an wiucated i>eopIe, tiud ; ^'-'*''^ '"'Pi^'*' "■> fuither— [applannej— being educated, readers of Ixxjks and I ^'ecauso I know that :dlabo\<»tliat„'nuio newspajx-TH. rupable of forming and ex- i J"*^st be well oif, iinlps>* vo>i e-'ahligh a pfossinic aa «»pinion, no ottght to feel our j ^^''^ *'<^^'e of civili5^;!*ino, v'airii 1 am dis- common (utiz*»nahi|) the strongest tie ' i'^**'* ^' ^*^'^^ luxury You nu^y in the thatbiuiis us, frorr.tlie man who hapjxjns ' *-*tfwD to ' keen up ai>}T<'aran<«3.', as it is to he wealthy U> the man v/ho happtjns ; <_'a]I.'>d,ha\ e atrrca- deal of tjenteel raiserv. to 1p pcrf->r. r liopt? thai in tliis Yotmg! t^^'*'^'*^"-^ ^PP''-'-^' •! ' 5''?-vc not mnch Hen's Liberal Chib this example is set | sympathy \vitt\ that. It \n from the ixiint andtb'itthe llub wUi he a conmon'^^ ^'^w of the 'itand.ird I have just meeting ground where the voung i ^*'o^i- you ti^at thai I liase always nieclianic, the young atudcnt, the younpr • ^-''^iHidered tlie fiscal Ht)d tarill "poiiey of clerk, and all other classes in our" com- ; ^^'^ AdL'}inistration. t wnni to ' '.ay niunity, possesfiin^ that happy dl't of : ^'^'''^^** J'o^^ «'*^<'^'' of tiu' l^'^''^-5 on whitJi youth which baa lied from ii.e, may ^ t^.""^ ^bat [>nlicy -^tlto'ly nidcfensiWe. mert together as youns: citiz"0'" tbe friend. They 'sire pect, esteem, and admire 'jno i 'I'liJ^ious tlitu we siiould not dlscuas this another, no matter what the lex- ; "^'i'^*''. I'^ovr, They want u.s- to discuss lure of the cloth in the eoat, u>- Inii)enal iu^deration, Tndep^iudence, An- «:ogni>dng the identity jf country and ' *^t'/xation,Comuier('ial Treaties, anything the identity of interost. (T^oud ap-i »*'--'' except th,e condition of tho country plausel What should tlie democracy ! (^■''^•"pbter and applar.se}. A little while believe with reference to the great i "So they wante"' (Kenev.-e'l laughter) Tiiey want you to remember there are three i '^'^'^y "^^''"^te*^ ^''' J^d, tis down by point- Sreat frcedt>rns which have bf^-en wrested ' ^^p to '^^'bat they said *v'i.=» pros|«i)rity. from anwillins hand.? in olden time, I They said, There'3 no n>-,.. ar^ruia^ why and^ which ai-e preserved t., us— -freedom i ^^ '^\'^^^'» ^'"-* JOVi not neu olt? Would you of opinion, the moAi valuable of all, free- ' "^^' '^^ f<^'\s ^^ make a change ? To-tia/ dom ot f>erson, and freedom o*" proj-iertj they woulut also as most essential elements, the right to ex- : to that other great question, the railway change that prop(;rty which I have I ^^^ Xortb-West adndniatration. And (whether it be mine by the labor of mv i ^'>day we are quite ready to contirme bands or the fruits of my accumulated ! ^^^'^^ discuesion and t.) let it l>e judge by It^ororofthat of thoee'who preceded i t% ^'e'bt of events, whether tlie pro- nVe) for what I want (Applause). The i inises they made, the profe.-sion.s to right to deal with whom, for what, and ; ■^vbicli they gave utterance, the view.s where I please. (Applause). And hare I tl"^>' expressed nnd to which they in- we get ' i duced ihe people to a>;senc, are sound, j and whether tlsey have l>ecn ve'Ined or A PLAIN mvxnivG LiNE | faisifiei man ont f>f his- fxaht^rrnan an»w3. fortnnatoly f )T BH, our Min-; «tufl* are venrly taken into tJe latter lgUiT» vifcil Kn^'land, and '^hathnr the ' i'rorinct froin the Umtetl Htates. 'ITiea, ocean has seme eflfoct ui maKing them as part of thi» great "National rolicy," a ioT^et what they have said on this side ' ova Boot la, Nt-w hninsw lek, silent on thifl ?«ide. I am t( -night pro- , and Qnebcc, wore tH^od to satifify pared to establish iJiy projxmitlon witii! Ontario, Quel)c<^ (niti\rio and New reference to the injiisti'e of Hj^'cific du-j Brunswick were to Ix; hortlM-neil ties, from the ..i<»ntp <»t tl-.e Finance; to plea.so a u.inority in Nova Mfnister, (Hear, loai). He v\aa talk-lSootia. Nothing <;i)uld bo more calculat- ing in Knglasd ;o some merchaate who I ef thelaon. (Loud applause and laughter i. , article, tnch aa in the c^w> of cotton, Biit it was mada a good while ago. (Re- where l.here vero the cheap-'r and the j nowed jaughter). It \va» ma^mnd, they were i "" boaktbi. klcii liab'p to the ai^usation tliat they v.ere j of his indei)endence t^an, and later on impoein.' the same chargeji upon the j he said be sat in tbe Senate not as a \ ^Cjc mi.n upine i? chcip article as upon j party man but to speak the views ho thv- ritVi man who could adbrd a dearer I conacientiou.sly held. He spoke \h-i truth, '. icle." The munier is out, i as l" believe, and ^ he srx)^^ (Great laughter and applause). That i biS indeponrlent (.'onvictions a.s I would be tieresy on thie , side of tlie water, j presume, and tliey remairi on reiord. but it IS lopie, gocKl sense and truth in { fortunately for us and unfortunately for England. The Liberal party objected ; him. (Laughter and applause.) He has also 10 the incidence of the tariff' uix)n j cliangcl his place .since then — and he prime necessariet? c/f life. We obje(;ted, ! has changed his opinions. (Ap[)lause.) amor.trst other thiuge, k) the coal and I It is for you to judjre whethw you will / breac'^tnila duties, because lijey were * pay movs't respect to th*^ changed opinions both iicccssarievS of Mfe, and that one of ' of tho odice-holder or to the independ- thc'i.was in one sense directly, and ; ont opinions of ihe Senator. 1 agi'eod flora- ;ilso, ^or that matter, wad a raw '. with him when he made the siMjech. I materjnl of manufacture, that these i agree with him to- lay, but I differ altc»- taxes bore heavily and unjustly ujon Igethor from the Minister o^ the Interior. the ix'orer classes. T am not soing to • We have objected, Mr. Chairman, to the ar^jue that, out, for apain I shall i-ead you i rate of taxation. Tliey told ns that a short passage whicli proves my case. It \ tb.oy were going to give us a r>iadjusi- isthe language of a Minister: — " If it i ment and not an increase of the tantl" had' been the object to devise a tariff; Tliey were simply going to ad* that would j-et or.e Province against an- just the burdens to the. strength f.ther — that would create and i^'r}^>etuate i of the back. What has hapi^ened ? sectional jealousies and antipathies, the | In 1877 you used, according io Governmer.t had certainly succeeded the returns, $90,300,000 worth of goods Breadsriiti^ were to be taxed to please | goods imported. But I have to take otf the people of Ontario, but lie believed it I a considerable number of millions, be- was a great injustice to t; <.> agriculturists j causa the aoecTints were kept in adificr- of< 'ntario tosuT'iKsethat tli.ey were pre- ent way from what they are tcMay, and pared *n accer)t such a tariu, or i certain imports are not to l>e counted. It that it svould l.>e protection to them, j tells against me, but we must >>e fair. The iinirket uiiere th*^ir surplus! The net amouiit of gocK.ls im]»<^)rted lor pvofluit was dipjxise.i of fixed the j)rice i cise was about $01,G(X),00(». On that you of the v.h.ile, ai-'X cluiv I'ould not be of; paid duty iu round nandiers of I'2i mil-. any p isitive a-^. vantage so. fj r as the | lions. That is between L'i and i4 per price ('f f.heir hreiulsiuffs was concern-- cer.t. for everything, free mvd dutiable, ed. Th;nr dnty would be a great ob-i you used within the year." In Tt8>)l ytm &tri:viio:\ to trad.?i ail throngliout the ' also u>;ed $01. (>(X),000 of goods — the same eoimtry ^*.hiib sh<.uk"l, in accord an c, i Viduo. How rauch duty did you pay wit'i lie true principles of commerce ; uiider this taritf, which was to +k> a re- lie -eft a:> unrestricted as possible. Not i adjustmcnf, and not an ijicrease. only would the tariff be worthless to! Eighteen and a half milhofis ; about 2t) the people of Ontario, hut it would be ! !-?• per cent., or about fifty per cent, oi joost burdensome to other sections — to \ an increase. (Applause.) For every 4oliaryo«i p^iH in 1877, en t!ie n»iin« ifrfMnyonrpockctBanu mixia?iApplauac.] value of fii)o66 you paid f1.50 i« 186^}. ! It i« a simp)« pror«fai to call upr>u ^oa to Mr. Ja-nod Frencti — Tbt»9 goods woro I pay nionfy into the troaanry. tnA he epeciallv for tho Heft. -".=^^ = =^.=_i i ^^^^ the f*#>tintff -. ,Wfe stow toy ru h- Mr. Blake — And so rif^ither roii nor 1 in tb«t purtiniliir way. lAj^HauuK". ] I l)ou|?ht any of them, i^augiiter and ap- say U.tt mor^ you j.nt into the trrasary plause). Wo objected to the gT(W) aiaount in ihat wav the pwrer you mak*> the of the tR'i« %lso, because it was said the! oour try. fOre.-.t A|>v>lau«<3.] Th^- na- tjr<#? amount was not to be inorea>' on the i {Applause "i. The rolleciinj; of a gurx'lus Afitfre of the Dominion. Take the tl.ree; is ajroatevil It I ■ails toextrav i-raui'e. years 1876-7-8 under the Mackenzie aJ- (Appla^tBe), It takes away means wh.< k ministration. The aggreitate collections' in a conn try Uke ours w** require to by customs wore $"hS,150,(K>0. In 1881-:'- j tarry on the husiuoBB of tlie country. r>, under t)i€v present liovemment, the (Cheers). One of onr great difficulties is customa colieclions were fCu.OOil.CMX), anj the high rate of int^re.st, and wl\«n ihc excess of almowt twenty -five miliiona, or } Government takes awav money at four nearly two-thir Is m<»rein the latter than I per cent whi :!b is required lo carry ou in the loriner three yearH. (Cheers) We \ the lusiness of the country, ami which objected to the surplus. It was one of! has to be replace*! by money b'jrrr.vtO'/' the grounds of glorification witli the { from tne banks at aeven or eight per Minifilera 'or two or three yeai-8. They j cent, an additional injurv renult JL?>' are not talking so much about it now, ' the timo the consumer had paid for this because Aiem is not so much of it | surplus itxx)st about thirty millions. (Laug hier). It was not so in old dayf . \ For, mark you. the amnnnt in the trea- I iiave often pointee')ple. Sir Charles Tupper, made M'heu Sir ! The money is paid to the Custom'? by Richard Cartwrignt estimated a modest i the iraportHr. lie must charge a profit Burplus of half a million dollars. Sir ■ on the whole co&t of the goods, includinfr Charlers rose, and r\ mdisjnant terms de- i the Ci::iti>ms dutie«. The retailer pays nounced him for projxosing to take more i that and ho also charges his jn'oiit on from *li"e peop^.e than he expected to ' the wholn amount of the g«)odK, includ- sjxjud. It Avua of no use for Sir Richard | ing the amount the wholesaler paid, and to sav that he was not sure that he ! the profit upon it, so that by the time would j;et as much as he had estimated, Uhe goods reached the consumer th.e or that he would bo able to keep the i Hioney given would be not less than fifty expenditure down as low as he had i per cent, more, or thi'ty millionB. Had estimated, and that lialf a raillion vras not an Uiireas<3iu. Me margin to ask oii the lai^e tr;insaction.'=* of tlie Do- minion. Sir T^haries refjlled that he should do ae' they had done, and as the Government in Krgland had done — louv- er the taxation so that there should be that amount of money been lett r^ith. the people, in.stead of being taken fi» -m them, the present stringency A'ovi'd have been in a large • measut^: averted. (Applause). Well, the;' maler hea allow the Finance Minister a margin of h."]f a million. When y(iU find us agree it may be a reason doubting us both. (Lauglrier and plause.) jwvit T am of the same opinion tax you enough. I will add what I think he ought to have taxed you. Add a certain n _nljer of millions, divided by the number ol the jK>pulatioii, and it is for ! sO'niuch per head. I come to iwy time, aj)- j and I calculate the population on the while .Sir Charles What did nas the rate of inci-ease that I think ought to Uave taken place. Do not ask me to i irat ^Minister ! divide that into what I taxed you. cnangefi [Ai> pianse.., . „.., , say during the election of 1882? He, Why?. Because — the suiplus. I nmst said: — •! novor know a man grow too; deduct that. I did not sjxind that in rich to ploasG himself, uud it is the same j carrx'ing on the ordinary business of the w;ith a countrv ; in fact, my belief about I country. "Whero did you fp^3ik1 it? surplu.>{*s is the same as the old SQuaw a I Well, in tl;** Padfic Railway, I v.on:i about whiskey. Sbe sai'j a little too'j count th:it So he averages the figures mucii was just enough." [Jjiughter.] and divides and .='hows you xhat your How do«5 a mari grow rich ? By sav- ' taxation is really less than you paid ing his money, i>otby sjjcnding it. Does ' under Mr. Mackenzie. [Loud laughter.] the country grow rich by having a 'arge 1 1 fancy thai gotae of ns would be glad to qitantity nf money in the trea^nry taken ' settle the a-''X>^inic of onr debts in the 10 Bame way, Th« acnrjunts wscM bslative j -was ailegen to hare corufMUwl 3o liiany jDost «atiijfactorily. I yuspcct 'that yon . crimen. T}^ expenfiinire in 1873 H'as paid the snri^lcs a« much ai" tbe restof $',!';j,fX)0. Thatisahnv'- imount, I ad- th»' taxation audi susftect you are not » :it. Thuy reducej!j,'.) Take- >no 18 paid, ['one, S{>ent, sunk, and I am go- j instance. When Mr. Alarktnzie \va« ing til charge Sir Leonard Tilley with it i First Minister, he was J'itiister of Public to tlie Day of Judgment. (Apyi^nuse.) i Workt«, which inclndod tlu' Railway De- Wt« objected t<^; ! partmenL When th*? }.:\^rnt Govern- rnE\sciiT-\yis> WALK OF KXPEKuiTi-Eii '"f"^' f^ame into oiliro Xhov divided the i >f>partmeut mto Rail\\.r> and Pubhc Who needed ofece3,lmt who were no^j included in Mr. Ma^-U.^'v-s time. The netided in the pubhc ser™ and hat ! .^^^ ^.,^,t howev«r, v^aa t-.! ■■ .it a hundred he£i)entoaicrhin)dredsnftliousund8in|^^ ^^^^'j ^^j,^^,^! ^j. ^^,^^ ^ y^, erecunganew buudinp nhjcji also be,^^^^^ ^.^^^^^ 3^, Ma('k,-.:.Ic. Un.ler filed .vithubeleHS clerks, \ou vrere.^^^,^ circnmBtam^s, who -an wonder told that no., so mucha^ wa.« spent by , ^j^ ^ ^j.^ ^^^i^ ^^iit,^,. ,^.,^i^ ^j, tne Reform L-rovernnient wati needed to j ^^;^j ;^ j^^^,^ would aveniffv IVt the next carry on the business ot tho country. , ^ -^ ^^ ^^^.^^^^ . .^^^ ^^.^^^^. Therewas no Bug^estion *f inr-reaaea; ^^.^ •^^^^j,^.;^,^ ^^,gj ^,,,,,^ iweiuv-three expc-nditiire. Sir Leonard Fihoy said a^, a a half millions in 1-7 to twontv- thathew|i8 oppriner .bey thou^J.t bad, tne latter ^ j^ j^- f^^. ^.^^. ,^^^^^3^. -^j^^, ^^^^^j they Thoughcgood- The amount sDenti^f^l-^^T Govornmenus Iv this item. ^'%'?"\'^i^',^;J??. ^"".0 ^ T^ ""% '-^ ' ' Fr^^^^ 1874 tlu. .expenditure in- and ;n 188.3, $437,000. Then there were ; - — ' - ing us we pay them annuities vnd they : .^^ j^^,j. g^,. ^^^^^ ^j^ that cyi^endituj-e live a long time. V, e pay inem a good , ^^^.^^^ out o" vour pocket.^, beiuse i^t deal of money in that way _ Ar. Mac- ^^ -^ ^^ balanced brroceinfs. i do not kenzie r)aid MOG,OC«. m this way m that all the increase.'^ are wrun?. I fax, when Mr. Jones v.-a:^ running :n an ^,,-^^ j.^-^ growin.- country like omB election there, said :- -" 1 am nnt gomg 1 ^^ ^^^,^^^ ^^ increano^. But. admitting iwoL^w"^- ^^'' '1--^'' ^f,*^'^"^' i all that, how does it jnstifv these men, SIOO.OW. for superannuations. It bears , ^.j coAdemned the liOO.OOO increase of corruption and wilful extravagance on | ^r. Mackenzie, and said that if ther tlie tace^of it.^ If that is so, wnat j ^.^^^ .^-^^^^ ^^ p^,,^,. ^^.^^.^ ^^^^i^, ^-^ amor " r T i"viX^XXi\ ^" i' ■ r 1 !ia that we've got the nionev. lott aoout $^mm for tne year rust passecl ; ^^^.^.^ ,}^^^ ^ j|^ ^l^j, .- ^^j ^^ and for the curn^at year, I siu.pose, it ; ^^^^ j^^^. ^hey give as a rea.'^on for not wiu increase stul further. (r.oud ap- 1 (anting out tlieir promi^s that they piause.; ^^_^ jggj^ i have taken this mor.ey from you. This Fisheries $ sa.ftk) $ lesxm i question of expenditure and taxati'on ig M}.soe!ianeou8 si.'ooo SxSiooo j a serious one. I want to bring it home IndiauH 421,000 1,1(H>,000 1 t„ , „,, TTnlpt?^ +hf^ npni-iln wil! innrp- TMour.iediv>iic€....... as4.oou. umess .-Le iteopie wui appre- Otlawa Police 10.600 1S.500 I have the pamphl t of Sir David Mac- pherson, in -which he devotes a good ciate the direct interest it is to each of them it will not assume the importance which it should assume. Take the statistics which are furnished to tlie inany pages tothe extravagance of the (;jj^t^j.j^B,,^^.^,, of Statisti.sby tlae labor •^w^^^^i ^.^Y^p^^f^^^^ /¥ "^^^^etltion organizations of this cit)' for U^^i year. with the administratiovi of justice. That ex{:»enditnre was v^64,fKX). It was $015,- fX.M)inI883. Excise in 1S7S. $215,000; in 1883, $279,000. And now we come to the Returns have Ijeen obt?ineU irom 291 mechanics with families, numbering in all 1,089 souls. »IE.SE WERE PICKED MBN. nBPAETMEKTAL s.uaKuB A«D coKTiK- V^^' ^^Z '7 ,^elong to the trade 0T^*pi- i zationg, v.iiich comprise, as a ruit;, 1 oe- uEXCiirt, I |;gYe, the best of the workingmen.' (Ap- m connection witb which Mr. Mackenzie \ ph\use). In the second place, they k«pt IX a5 |ier he.iJ. But, as I The revenue I excise was ; half millions. ; to a fariiiiy, taxation was important problems concerning which. i}»<3 politicians now persuade them to wrong views. The results as shown by the reports of tiicse 291 picked men were 83 follows; — * . Average CHrr.ings $!•>'> 01 j have ^Kiinted out, that is wliat went iuto Extra ei.rniug.s xo 06 1 the Treasury, and wh at wt- actually paid ,. J .$47o 67 ' ''^^ tihout 50 per cent, u'ore, or about AvcragoHving oxp^^iises'.r. !!".!'. !'.'.'.. '.'4iH 75 I ?oO per head. Whiit proiV'^io'^' will tliifJ .1^50 bear to the whole in jino of $465. Avoragc? saving S ^0 32 | j^ jg ^3^^ times the savins of the picked So that the saving were about equul i man. It is mor^> tlian a tithe of tlie to the extra earnings of the wufe or one ; ^v hole income of f4rv>. it is half as of the children. The roi^ular wages of | much ag.ain as the rate in the the head of tiie house were absorbed as old days of which they havo been teUing Jiving exjtenses for the year. We usu- . you This is the taxation. whi«b the*e ally calculato live to a family in, Canada j gentlemen have been toHia^' voa, aJtd hut in these ca-ses tho dependents \vere I which somo of von believe '. you did not not up to the average. These, families . feel at all. (Applause.) nJw, 1 say a averaged only about ;>| members. So, , tax bears more heavily on tlic po<:)rthaa havingrftgardedtothatfact, andhavmglon the rich. (Loud apiicUise.) The reganl to the peculiar character of tlte i neh may burn fifty tons of men, there could be no doubt that in j cosl and pay a tax of .$25, and not feel ' it. The poor xiian ' burns five or six tons and pays a lax of other cases where the families were larger and the men not of the same de- gree of carefulncjss all that was earned even in that year was sixmt It was clear 1 regret to say evemu 1883, as a rule, it was all the meclianics could do to live. The ques- tion with the mechanic always is, •' What wages can I get for my labor ; what can I exchange my labor for ? it is not a more question of 'how much uiaiey can I get. but what food, cloth- ing, shelter, eduaition for my children, aud other necessaries can I get for tiie labor of my hands ?" It is clear that in iSSo, which the Conser- vatives say was a prosi)erous year, it was not prosperous for the mechanic. Steady employraent was what v,ras wanted. Tlie average number of days in vrliich those picked men worked was 244. If you allow for Sundays and holidays there were 60 lost days. The $2 50 or $o, and what in it? it means a third of the arerage savings of those picketl men. I ask those wh.o found they could not make both ends meet. I ask those picked men wlio coiild bnly ;.save a trifle, if they would not have j oeen better olT if the loa«l had been i lightened, as it might have been Ught- jened, and wliich was not lightened, in order that a surplus might l>e accumula- ted. (Loud applause.) Tucy tell us that they gave prosperity t* all '""hL^es, farmer, manufacturer, mechanic, and the Finance Minister declared that that prosperity would last for ten years. He ad\ii3ed the i^eo- pie of this country to clap on ail sail ifor ten years of prosperity, to I speculate, buy, sell, to beiicN e hi:a that i his fiscal policy and the gi -.'at arrange- ments he had made assured a clear average allowance made by Enghsh ; commercial sky for ten years aathoritJes for sickness is 9 days in the year, and assuming that even in - tionaiiy prosjxjrous. 'Various circum- stances have cfimbine'^ to lead t<3 that gratifying result I believe that TCMONTO HAS IT.OSPERBD m^e than almost any other city oi; in the North- West [Loud laughter.} i They brought oi\ the election at th« I height of the season of apparent pros- it perity which, by these and other means, j tlioy had created. Only last year, wbeu ' I twitted the Finance ISiinLster with tjife *i statement of hii about ten years of p^- i perity, he said, " I said so, it'& quite the 1 true, and I say still, that if our mer- contincnt for the last three years, cer-j chants won't import too much, and won't tainly far more than any other city in j l-e too anxious to 8©I1, we wil! hay<» Ihe lk>minion ; and we aro considenng j seven years nxorv of prf^spcrity " "VVe the operation of the tariff in ii5 practical ' wer« ki adversity <>Ten Iheiu Vf«3 gaid 12 we were nrospovoos, hovover, and that we wonln bav« sevon years more of it Pe; haps he meant that wi v/ould haTe se ,«n years ujore of the game kind. of prosperit}' ^o are having aow. Bat that is n^t the kind that waj 5>r<.mi8^ [Applause and laiiirhtet.] 'hey did creat^i a fictitious proi^perity in some Huch of bui-^iness. Tiiey gaye the nianu factor era in some Vmca exorbi- tant f»rofits, as, fnr inatana", in' cotton' and sugar. '\^''e t<-.ld them they ■»vould : induce an excess of capiml tuseek thi?8e branches, that there would he a tinae of inflation, ojierativeft would l>e collected in centres, and that after a brief period < the market would be glutteJ, the mills i would be idle, and lo&s would result to , the capitalists, and lack of work to the | operatives. That is exactly what has ; "happene years, j And 't was only yesterday wc learned i that arrange nieuta had been uiade to i limit ihe production of f ho niilli? and rk) | advance pricen, in fact to form a cotton j monopjiyin order to make up their! losses ajid to extricate themselves from i tiie trouble in which they have been | plunged. 'i''ie Govfiniment declared in | 1882, when they came before you for re- j election that tiie boom wiiich then pre- i vailed wsis only tlie l>eginning of what \ was to be.They said thatwhat waiwant- ; ed \Vii3, aTid they came before the people ; earlier than was actually iiec«6saiy ' to \ ihake sure of it, that the ;,''X>d tVues f siiould continue. They wanted the ■. pe^le's eudorsation of the poMcy whii;h I had been adopted to secure prosperity ! for all time. They said that nullions of! dollars were } nAXOr>5G CFOX THB VBRDICT. j and Wiat if that verdict was i favorable to the pelic;'- unexampled in- | creases would talip. place in the i^^^one^y ' in%'ested in the mines and other iii- 1 dustries of tho coumry. In this city i the First Minister said': — ' | . " I t«]l you thi»,'and Thisis not a matter of ' Bupposition bni of cortaiiity and fenowiedge ' on my paii, that ihere an- millions of dol- \ lars waitiisto be luvosted jn Canada mil- i lions in Kiigland and large sum.s in tho! United Htiiies waiting to 'wi invested 1 lu every kind o- judiistry, in mines and ma- 1 nu-^acture"; of every klud . . . Al" that U wanted by capKaUsts in Canada, England i and the United States, and in Franci^ and; Gerniaoy, 'h to learn whether thin country isof tho fl;."d constant opinion tha!, the N. P. !en new markets those markets are being closed ratjier than oi)eni'y ap you were. The>« V'.&n no use to j)f»int to tlie j^ondi- ticn of free trade England or to that of |^ the United State?, where there had been), no change in the tariff. There was aaf u»o in diacnsinng the causes of actioai anu reaction. I will give, aj;i I have | given in the rural parte, a figure or two i j which will show you upon what the | ! - prosperity of the towns dei>end« — not off the towns alont-.not of tho country alone, bnt of both town and country-. The" farming capital of the Province of Ckt- tario, including about one huiiflred mil- lions for current capital ia one thou-sand and fifty millions or more. The manu- facturing capital is alx)Ut eightj'-one or eighty-two millions. Of this a large pro- j; |x»rtion is in the sawmills, bakerie ' flcnr mills, and other industries which ^ the N. P. do<^s not help, how- * erer much it may hurt them. ; There remain about fifty millions!, about wh'ch there may be a dispute as { to whether it hurta or heli»8. Isow, do^- you beheve that it is the prosperity of '^:^ the fiftv millions that is going to help ■- the 1,050,000,000, or will it l)e the re- ' verse ? Tho larger fiiruro rules, and ■ what we depend upon who live in the : towns — I am a city manmysoli^ and in- ' terested iji everything th.at advances the . welfare of the'city — in the pros|>erity of ■ the conntr>- parts which buy our gCHxis. *j When the farmer has a good crop and good prices for it, \re profit by it aa well as he. (Applause.) He buys the goo- Is that we iraport or m.anufaettire ; he makes the wheels of trade revolve, and you will notice that the Con.servative.s . themselves in their trade articles, and in their leading articles, too, B.^EW THEIR nOPliS OF OOOD Tl>! jiS upon the crops. They were quite right : the crop was the impcrtant thing. I wish to show by another set of figures ^ where tlie prosjjerity ca.me from. Of f the products of the land, in which I in- j. elude forest land, we exported in 187{>-7-.;i *; products to the value of |] 58,500>000. In 1 1881-2-3 we exp<.»Tted $211,000,000, au ex- ccfcs of about S53,000,tKM3, that .s, in . the latter period we got "ibur years' ^ profits in three years of time That is, enough to niako. a country prosj^errms. In the period of depression which the Conservatives are so fond of saying was tlie worst in *the country's hi.slory the people 'wer» econoiriisiug ami investing their sftvintrs onhf in the safest j>ossibte way, With "thijse savings and with the great addition to our wealth, of which I have told you, we ouifht to have prosperity. They said we should have it But t^.ey haye hindered it instead of bringhig it about. - It is the taid«s inflation, the fiscal bur- i:i (iens, the 'moro.oas ©xpeRdJurefl which nnfMoriai ■»?;»« prest-nted to ooin jviei>v- ^Z^^ rvv„« .«. ».««,wr,^Wo Cr«. — I ;^K ™lr^'f^" •"dttt Ontario Covfriiraerrtu, ask- thege men are n-«ipon5ible K>t which jng.h^t the jraetioc might t-e .lii«*ontinueontraat that utate- 1 ^f employiiier. t iu Toronto now than .iur- ment with ^vhat comes k. luj m unques- -^ ^^^ ^,^^5^^ ,^j^r^f „^,. ,esiden<-e.Su tioned re;)orta Ixok at the report of ' , j^ -^.g*-^^ ,g. ^ ^.isted to relieve 1.400 the laoor orgamzatiou of Hamilton of , j^^^^,^ ^^,^1,^^^ .^ ,,p toi,ti)^eem- last wint«i::— > v,^,.^ j^^j v^. .:- ^ake anoUn tt>8t— that "Noveratcr— Opened with a tEest every branch of ' nuniDer oi \ agrama arr..8ie.i, mam oi prodHcUv.! indui^try. Dnring the month rt'- whom Ciune tc the p*juc3 magi'-^rate. and ductions of the working force wero ver\- gen- j want to CO gaol because ihey can't get aral, gre&tly iucreasing the fcurplns cf lubor. ■ „„,, ^.thpr" <*hpit^r In 1 Rl^'> thprn w^ra Oenenil sewsftitm frf.'m wf rk on ail outdfHjr ! ^i ^ . *^fca« In timo aod rate of wage«t wera also. r>f>r<^nnq who srr* fr, the- nuni-C' Ktitinn madt- and acwpted. The monfti closed with ! — r>trsons Wiio go to ine pi.ice fetation u very poor ontT(X)k for th.? wluter. Signs of , tor a nigllt'si lodging, and are glad tO sjiU greater depression were especially evi- ; gleep on the floor of a cell li(,'Caase thev Sfn,'^LrS/ .S!?,^inS>S''to"?S: i oan5 get better accomniojlation. In tail expenditore, thus hasU^nlnj; depression 1882 there were 879 ; m ISSo there were by an almost enure falling off in the de- , 2,016, and in 1884 the number had rnand for those mauuftw^turew riot esoeitml • ,,-,^^.n f,, 400= t j,Tn irl-nl 1 1 sav thit to support life, and Uie conm-quent discharge | i^^^J^ ^^ r 2l * ^ t i , ^1 ' of pi» Among others the iron monlders. one of the ^^^^^ ^^^ "^^^ wno compiasn Docause strongest and best organized ixKiies of waffp- j these facte are discxosed, are noipatnots. workers, were cut 2<) per c^iii., and owing to j (I^md applause.) They sav we are un- the depretssed condition 01 labor, tney did ; ,>atTintif^ho."nw w*^ w^ri'^* f/i asp.-^-t-iin notrv-tjihi Thiswas followed by a vvhcliwale 1^'^^^"^'^--**^*^ ^^' ^'^"^ toasce^tam reduction in the force engaged in the Iron the StS^[Li?^SllSinltS^rS'tS ' «^ACr C.>NIMWON OF T,1E COlTNTnV ^SSlefiSrS^S^^Sffi^^^ i ^« see v-liether their policy is successful average wage of cott^,n operations were re- j f^ not, and to see whethf r their prom- duce0li the the bo us a ; tiilpcl in knmv thp. ^m^i^ f c-ic-m vmi tfio very p.-^r and discouraging one lor labor. ! J. "f ^^ to kliOW TUe -.acUs _ j pve you tUe Many honest, hard-working ucople \vcre > ^^cts raid my authority iov them, and I compelled to apply for relief, and many lot- ' gav that these facts, painfiil uS they arf, ^«'^,|^PPf.?[«^.^"„\^/„»^;]fP;';Pt'^^ demonsti-ute that the men who misted to the City Council to undertake relief, ■ 1 j.i i t - n ^i « x p t, works, and the month may bo set down as | Y<^'^ -Jlto the beliei that by Acts of Par- one of the worst months for lubor, ii not the | liament and by taxation, they couid se- worst, tor many year^:.'' , ^^^^ y^^^ prosperity, liuve failed, and lUB TORONTO Ej^i'oai>. th.at a condition of affairs t^xists which Take our own citv What savs th.8 re^ 1 1? ^leserv^ng of the attentive consldera- portoithe Ckimbincd Charilfe? for last ' ^^'"^^.^V?*' ^*''^^f- "^ l^"" aux.1 which winter? That report is siciited b^ ^hivor i t^;^ht to be remedie' eniplovnient at good wagm Last dcstUuteei igrants seeking relief, naturally I '^t'SaW" when wo iUseii.3Sed the lact'i of drcwthe attv,r.t;(,n of the Conference to ttic I the Case, thev had to some extent to system prevailingofgivingindiK-Timinateiy I Ts-Wlulraw from thoir stiitprrfnfs. \n ;i*Klsiod passages at all seasons of the veaf, ! ." ~ "[^'•w ircm iiieir hTaven.onta. ,\n and thus flooding Toronto -.vith paupeTism i ^"^I^^'^^^t .lumv^stcn was inade by the thrvusUcut the long "wiuter seftsoa, A \ Finance Miiiisier. He gaid : — u "A ycf.r or two ago, M I know atjrJ other, tor to the London Tw .«, In wbith he boo»nul>l<; in-suh!.is know por^xtly wel! a* i , ; i . tbc prifH^K paiu f"r 'aboria tie lTuJt>xl : "•^''-^ *~~ fe.'ates iiii;st r';.'uiate the price of lal*>r i n ' ' Hlr,— Will you ucdbH me to make, Oi'-u*ii='-- beeii : ' - ii xixQ wftgcAajo sat Jtlioutl tHaeoiumn* oi the "!riiac«j" ua inumatioii eqi-ij. ale op^i-: > vef* will eoon pa** acrossi whlv-h miy sorvis (opnTent a great dtal of tl^e i>n-. :mu- !i >«i!Ufacturers foaui it ne- j dtHasriynntni^ut und trouble. Tho arlvices, c^R^ •> o 1 !. r- .i-f the vinjfe* h^Tft -whwn an ; wL'fcti 1 havef-Dm (anfvlft, both privately £^,,;.>! I < >!i i ';..•• 1n tbfUnlt/Hl Rt.u-i, In ! and in th*- press, as well as trom gcntknien orf'vr t > . . • HI ' ; men ; hut w^^v ihut thore I w>if> have lately arri vfxl^roxn there showthav is a rediu : it.'i ii ijp.- Uulted Stnt'.s, owing | In th«' pre^^n? Ktaw of pommeroo aud trade to ro'iu' i 1 i,virvs. our maRu.a^^lurcrs, In ' :u ti^e tX>minioiij mul esp^osally at no late a order .-mf ca-' ^;, iVlM*, the \v«g(SOt' their 0(X;r-jthls couist.ry oi' artizim", incrhanich. tttJv>^." j olorlvis uud genera! laoorern to Canada. „, . ., X . • 1 i These iif'rfcons, arriving in * lie nuiddle of There -S an a .xmsmon tliat uotwitl-j jul^. orin iht t>eginr.ingof Auen.«t will find standiiijr Useir Acts of Prirliamexit and . adtpresse-' stat* of trade and a lack oi gm- "♦lioM- *^,'i(Y 'ir,-ii>{fpyi\f-U IliA lalmv ip Prax «-mploy:nfcnt:, and iinl^SK taey have ex- tiie>l JillU an.iugeiuc.ts Uie laDOl in , t^aordir iryener^'y and «€lf-reliacct, or suf- ihehi'i niarkt'is otttiu Umteabuites re-, jicieni-meansto sui-taln themselves for ,i and laborers oi Caiiada to go across the -stances v,-on!a be alruofct -nininal, and Vino ail, M%*itt<.r th*iTnar.k'fM <)f ..ntirsp tHiUallydlHaflrou^ tolhe emifiranth tbim ime anry iiKc bir jj<-!CBara couul KOt! dosuehathinff—at ai;yrato, it is not j And so on. ^ow, tlvere ho gave the wicktvl wlieu he does it. (Loud laughter , 3tate of toe c:i»e as tt was. (lx>itd ap- and applfjiibe). Now. as a matter of fiict i p^ause). lie intimated a hope that, lie BO matt^-T iiow v e cloak or disguise it, \ would be able to advise irrmigratiMi at I a later time. He got abased for it. THB SSSTEJd OF ASSISTED PASSA<;E8 Minister of lunni^Ti] avated the evii. The ation may tell you Here is Sir David Macpherson's paxn- /nlet. and in it he pitc})es into Mr. >Iac- enzie hecunse lie allowed that letter to I that he has itei^ued his rule lor this or j be written, "('onld anything be more for that, i do not know what those niles i iH-advised ? " he asks, " or exhibit ?re, but it is clear that the i'er.artmentigJ'feater Ignorance oi the iield which uses the steamship auents as itsl<-'anaJa otit-rs for immigrants"^ This agents and thefie men are paid a com- '-ountry is specially adapted for work- xaiamn en the " number they send ont. I nigmen viti. arge ftraihes." He wua Tl>elieve that almost anvlxKlv who is i ti^'noimcing Mr. Mafkenr.ie for sn^gest- 3iot a.'tuallv blind or crippled' who isi^^S that the classes of men named apparently" able-bodied, can get out tr.j should not come to Caaaria. That was Canada on assisted p^ssawe, Tlie im- 1 the migration you want is of a'^ijocial kind, i hoxest, tkt-b state of the case You want the t*>uant farmer or the free- ' then. Tt is the lumest, true state of the hold farmer. You want, to a certain es- ease with reference to the mechanic and tent, the immigration of agricultural i genond laborer to-tiay, and it is time lahorers. You may want an immigra- ; that tlie truth should t>e told. (Aj> tioii of doraestif servant,^!, if yon can | plauseV It is better to tell the people keep ir.'-im. Tliere is a groat want of i there is no rcH")m for them, when there household >':ervants in the country, but ; really is uone, than to have them brought immi;,ration wdl not supply that. The j over hero only to be disup|X)inted, to won:en ecar.e iroiii this country to the : lea\e the conintry as Sfxai as they can, towns, and from ^ the towns of Canada j atid to write letters conon-iiing- us, wtiicli they go 10 tr.e larj^er iowiiS iii the Unit- i will do us more luirm by far tiian the ed iStates. 'i'he imniiyrration umsit be so ; plain, slraigl;tlbrward truth told by our- regulated that It shgll not tend i(* ag- 1 selve.^ can do. (Great applause). Even gravate the uisrress which now C2dsts jthe case of the agricultural labourer is through tl:e action of the Go\ ernment. j changed by the introduction of improved I suipose I should not be so .ipt to bo ; machinery, notibly of tlie sell-binder, oalled unpiatriotic if I said with Sir j A large portion of the labour fonnerly John ^slacdontild that every indusirious | required is required jio longer, and .this man can get in Canada a giou day's { should eniphasize more than ever the ■Wagesii'ra good day's work. I can't virr.v that it is not advisable to i)ay say that and tell the truth, be(^anL\s of ti*e v,"<>rkiiigmen to whidi is scanty enough aheady. And which I Have referred prove it. TLjwi will not the menilx^rsoitiipYouug Men's diflereni ^vus the_ course of Mr. jUu • liberal Club do good work in impressing kenzio flewas ViSver afraid to .state ■ tb.es*:- facts ujxsn the masses of tiie i^o- the truth. (Li.ad ci'.eers.l He was not . file. These are f;ict,s whicli require to oe atraid to let people know when It was brouirht home to men's minda If these not exjx-dient that they shovdd come to facts were made famiUar to the people Canada. (,)ii 12lh July* 1875, Mr. Mac- ; it could not be but that a general prti- kenzie beiitg then in England, our | te.=it would he made. We have a riglit Agent-General, Mr. Jenkins, wrote a let- i to be proud of our k^gislative record with II reference to t'< workingman. Welive demooratic prin.iple«? l%e voung pkiced him in i iair pofiition in relation ■ must be protected. [Queers.] Tliey to his employ. • ind \i\'i law. We did i mvtat liave time to grow f trong and to he soin ativanii' he K.igUeh legislation- 1 educated. England tifw passed Wn rftCfKiuJgeil Llui Jkct that it was eaaeii- : tkroag h thia stage, and, iii 'Li tiiil in t'lie in! «■ -'IS of labour in i i ccn- 1 interest of the people, yviil ii-h troversie^ vrit ' i ui,'ital that it should Ik- ' allow thoso thinks to be doiio oi wliich permitted tb «•; uii^, and we renioved , this gentleman boasted. Tliere are Im- the disabilitiw-S" ! ichttieii oxistetiuijtbe iwrtant qnestions lejoiMl tlie pic of way of oiganJfca'i ins and conibiuations. ] law. One i? the inculatior. of pnnciples and the intelligent •111368 tiiem a.-s such. iia-r "ere neces^.-'" ■ ^'.5 i-igbt to act as u l/solutelv essential t<. tfb! v.at, with iniiX)rtauro. ; .1 i.;reat extent co-oiK'ra- : ti has progrcsaeil in gi.'ue beyond the re- . now they have an ;ale institution wiiicii i- ao^;ieties. The trans-; Ehuil do a m be '^ncIaxiU. '.veli U behind^ t!,. ashamed of .siirL liiade in PariU" wa.s liiade; cav.^' tbut .such a tha.-. ?:houid b of economy atid frugality and tin s> pre ad I -f tbo system of keeping accountf* an.otig .'^rking men. i have lioford made a practical suprge^^'ion, whi jh I was to re- peat. I niaintai'a that in cur coronion iiitroversies with capital, i schools we oii^rht to teach the children fi.4ve the yoimg men of' the great masses of vvbcir^ are the qojxb 1; 'irattemi on toother and daughieite of farmers, rueehanics, aU" tio^jial and half and labourers a .vauple raerluKl of keep- . nature. The question } ing the daily ac«xjunt*s of the honsebold :, .listribution and pro- ' or farm. It would be^better than going on int(» advanced tules ^f arithmetic, wl.irb are ne\er visetl alV-r tlie fXThon leaves scliool. (Applausf:). Economy and temperance are inspcrtant questions, wLi'"ii are iu yc'.ir own hands. What I v,'ai)t Lo see i» tiitt io*:chanics and work ingm^n .^lionld Jbave .-;omething — should ; the miUioas, and if! feel it their duty to save. Onee the neat succeeds the re- i thing is begun, it \s wonderful how you ■rerer to the rest of the ! get on, To feel that he han soineVaxn'^ almost revoluttoui'/ced. ; earned will make tiie nmchiuiifi an in- tbe to[ ic of co-op«ru- . deix;ndent man. wliieh ho is not. For a like character is of I all this t do not except those thinu'sj rtance to the youn:j; I which are of a legislative cb.araeter. We, ai* legislators, There is much in a social and moral sanitary laws, ednea- ] question rt)noh is beyond the legislative v ith lavvH for regulating ' pale, i)Ut it is unquestionable that if you , for women and v'hild- ' can mou '/I yoor legislation in a more i want to say one ! iiseful andbenefieia'direction,tbe'bigher nj» Canadian laberai« the social and moral tone. It is not rkingmeii. I bo})e the fr-'e trade nor is it protection, it is not anada is not going to ; competition nor is it the absence of it, it not laws in our p'/esent state tliat will t matters than \ do, bat ttie appli»."auoTi to our daily lives England. For , of tin- principles of the Gospel is that which Ave ought io s-ek in making a country. [L*^ nd applaiwe.] It is tlae work of slow degrees. I may be called Utopian, bat 1 Lelieve that work is pro- trreasing, and v/ill | rt xrress. It is our liiity to set our facc-s tow.-ird it. We shall nr>t reach liigh unles.s we aijn Idgh. iietter aim higher tlian you e\'i>ect to reach. With these consideratiftaa gov- erning us as a people, legislation im- jxjs.'^ible and uselss.? beretofore will b>;- corae jwssibie, arid yon will find ao<;ial and moral considerations luRxtricably intertwine themselves with thos" of lecislation. Strikes are ' * workinsman v But sometii!;. c^ls. To ha .. uhited body -. labor inthes. *■■' 1 should like • thisatibde-. problems als - legislative ini/' of co-operatji dud ion is pr:;u usee to wluii n in distril- •; Eiigland.- It iir.^ tail societien, enormous w].-< h suppiies tiic r(\ ;i t ctions rui: nj their great ex: lations of the ]. ■; > world v.'ill bo Familiarity \\ s'l tion and ether.-; . the utrno'^t hn\!^ Canadian Libtj; a' have to do w'! tion el laws, ai... ■■ the hours of lub - rem And in r, '' thing to the y-! amd one to the ■ . • >vorkingman iu > be satisfied wii '. ■ gress in these 'i that made iu eighty years proving the • mgnian in tbi se re!-;ards has ]>een \ going on. For eighty years law after! law has beo a pasised as e>:r>erience de- ; nmn'iirateu its i;^- •essity. On the cunti- neru of Europe .i;.s:), .-should be ashamed to ; We ought to be] uan^s as a statement: i Hut, whicb, whei5 it ^ ! me to ' ;• :;. named ' less measmre of pro- ; tort an "old die work of i ra- id i tion of the work- u\ t nada. A gentlemaa on the Eeforiii was p>ointiug out a diminuiiqu in in JNova teeotid, a gentleman on the and ; the- c.4.x.imA>' I u;;;- AH,- AV, school atleniia;. was answered l-;, other .'^ide. '■ iVin't vou kuow the reason oftjud? The CMUajRKK ABM UV6Y IJ{ TIIE FAtrTORiK > and con't go to .sctmol," [.■ippiause.] Is that the sort of work we want done in this Canada of ours ? Is that tbe wjir It is too late to diseiLs^ the other t')>; • tbe Canadian Pacific riailway. uivl .sl?aHnot -trespass ny^n your pat-'^U' (Go on, go on.'i I >;i>oUid r^n i<'« if t'onld lay my bau^' < o aiv ii-:tol aivl s^ 1 was mistake li. and the puHcy of the Government wcadd not bring about (lie results 1 thought it would. I believe the expenditure,,the enormous rai)id:ty with I :e. I ifeexpect to elevate the ptfopie to true 1 which the viork has been put thiougb. 16 - the efib^iea to remove ir^m tnem j ^^yeei^-^mg worn laboi-'s bitt«jr cnp. tlie power which ihey haye abused and ; j^j^^ piaekJng uc. tne highest au-ffi-ij, tofolace it in the hands of men who ' LmiugthfeioweHtup."