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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. * > % I - 1-. 2 A-' 3 •e 1 _ 1 1 i 1 2 3 -1 1 4 5 6 1 ^^v 1 t ■•• Jsr , %'i<' ** «♦•■ A'lJDlTlOXAL PA PERSj RELATING to TM^l GOLD iMKLDS. •f^ [i At u C'oundl 1„.1.| at fh,. (Ly. eniineiit Houa*.. at Halifax. 0,1 the loth •lf;V <'t' Jlliip. ]mi, I'KKSK.VT — lli^ KxcfllelK^V till- LlKCTIOXANT-floVKHN-OK, 1Wtn.,rt 'i 'ir-r u W 'VV"^''^^ i^'ot from ea^t to we«t, by fi •nnrk.Ml .,u tl.o -^r. 'm I n/l ,.i 1 «"novod J,y^,„ete. and bounds, a '••'•''H\M.nu.s.i.'± ,V""1''«'« l'».b.' kept for thai purpose b^ t tl„.,n in , ..i: ^i • ' L'^"'^«/ that applicants ibr lot« shall bo fifty frt)m nd rposo by the J office (if the th.'.M in <,r>« entitled to «hall 1... tvventv I. Il'^Sil S?'^^ ' •'"• .^''^ rent for the current year ^^^^^^|.^^^.^^^^ i> .K.lln.s f«J(»). .j,„vable ,„ advance on the making of the (ntnZir"'';?;;;;; ';;• ';|r^^ ^^ t^e u.ine« on bchalf of the «Ic.l witl. liu. n sS ,^i-/:;f ''T ^^ '*'^'"'!d« t'^ l»i»' i" writing, and dollar.. ($20) bein dt ,wi'S w ' ' , ' "."" ',"",* ^' ""^' ^^"^ '"^"^ "^ *^^«nty of the am,h-..'.nr .n,,! J::,::,''::' :\ '!'; '"'"'. !•« «''«'l '»«>-k on the plan the name =iame of the. a m^i , 1 r '.. /". • """' '? '^'"^" '"«>-'^ *^" the plan the n«ne of (>..;■;; S,J:' '^^'"""'•'- ^"■^'""-^ the consent of the ('o„.mis.«ioner 'I'l ■ ■ . . ttic number actnailv 0Mirur;.;i iV. ', .V •• """'7' '" F^rsons at the .Mines; |>n.-ti.M.I;.rcl;,i„s v-.ldrS. v"'*^ «nd pro.speotins operations; the in,' tl.e.n n « ' .'I S^^^^^^^^ '^' •"^,^V mnnbek and clas'sifv- .st«t..nH.nt of the., u/ntit; ?Jir u rPP"""' ,''"'"^- *" «pprt>ximL 8u.-h ivu.ark.. Vela vo .tl f "'r''' ''"""^ *'"' "^'*''*' ^^g^^er with or other nmicTl«iw.S. ^onduot charjjcter. health, lodging, support scfuontly. «*»iiHi.ssioner s remuneration to be det^^minefl sub- *ndi:^'::^V'z:mJ:T^^^ '\<*^\- -^ •:«- «* Tangier. tra^mittedbyh^u;;;,;;^:;.;;^;;! B^^4J^rZllr"il»' ■igi-i't'"^ '"^ 'MlUtfed t0. ..te»». fi - ^m.4>H>- t«ventv .lolhr^20^ to r5 ^) ^r '''"^' "^ ^^^^y >*>* mitig a rent^ ■■'■ \ s 2 NOVA scxyriA gold fields. At a Council Wd .t thi Government Hou«e on the 24th day if Aug««t. ■ /. . f JBESBNT— Hi8 Exe^leaty the Lieotenant-Governor, •'" Acr- '&c. Ac. forfetture\pon the non-payment of the later mstam^^^^^ ^^^^^ XSfer.fbI"Si:jStr,:'ariV . re,„irea, upon „- Mj'rho?etrn«X?"reS >r^!-r .r'nuX eight. Mr. '•iiro'a,l°\w'Tr fcr\'hir.pSion, have been ma^Aio be lieeneed U> ft Si rthe order in whio^ they have b.,^^^^^ Furier awlieation. for the «'°'"»>»B ^"^^f^^ 'S theVpe«t°' »' ^^^^•„ ^ , «»„^ tn tha lnt4 OS thev are now laid out\for him, r JSo^n rf Z SCv«»nt?o"thaThe may eelect, anclV »«»»> miiiaion of the officers in charge. forking ic per- ^-5V "0i, 4 Council held at ;V;.>;i.-V r-'> { at'.the Government House, at Ualifax, on th^\ 4th *" day of September, 1861, f BESENT — His Excellency tHe Liectenaht-Governob, '.4k». ,| Ac. Ac. \\ iiLiiLGbirlrnor fn^ll thft attentiaa-of the Council to a con l?r1r«.TSi5f ffiiur3d:.n.l G«.r,^ Be!?".!. B«,r.., of. 4- »l. A.**-.' #44siti..-,. 'm s-i ,e '1p • , •»* ■* W/HiJiS NOVA SCOTIA OOLD FIELDS. forking ^ ke per- < thV 4th *> don, and the Provincial Secretary, relative to the terms upon/ which the Nova Scotia Gold Company, of which they are the promoters, should be permitted to work a mine at Lawroncetown. The Council /ratify those terms as set forth iir that correspondence, and tlte Lieutenan^Governor is advised to sign the lease. At a Council held at the Government House at Halifax, this fourth day of , fi^ September, 1861. i , PRESENT — HiH Excellency the LlRUTENA)»T-GovEBNdR. &c. Ac. &e. Various special applications for leases of Gold Mines at Tangier, cover- ing spaces of one hundred nnd forty feet with the leads, and two hundred' and fifty feet across the leads, having been made to the Government, and it being desirable to settle the general principles to be observed in respect of oHl^uch applications. It isi^rdered : that hereafter no application for any sulh area shall be recognized>unles8 accompanied by a payment of one hundred and sixty dollars, which is to be taken'as the first year'4 rent,^— that thereupon the applicant to be entitled to receive a lease, reser^ng after the terminatioQ of the first year one hundred and sixty dollars a year, payable half yearly in iidvance. TJic lease to contain the usual clauses of mining leases, and in addition, a clause to enable the tenant at the expiration of any year to give up his ibt, on giving ar month's notice previously to the end of the year. Proper reservation of roads and rights of way are to be made in the leases \ — the lease to contain a clause giving liberty to the Government if they- choose to exchange the rent after the first year, for a royalty o^,five per cent., the same to be subject to the review of the Legislature, and prohibiting lessees, from alienating, sub- letting, or assigning such loUupr any portions thereof, without the consent in writing of the Gpvernmfl^pn pai^ of for- feiture, ^r' At a Council held at the Government House, at Halifax, on the 26th day of October, 1861, n, ,.... _ His Excellency the Liectenant-Govebnor, &c. Ac. . &o. \ '^ The attention of the Council having been called to numerous applications for mining leases, and to the policy which should be pursued at different Gold Mines, it was decide That land for roads be reserved in all leases. Areas of five acres will be hereafter leased on those conditions. The pat ties a pplying to jur chaae therightsof proprietors where the land Is private property, to respect th^ claims of persons who uMy have worked upon the same, define the limits 6i the lot applied for, and pay four hundred c T.W , -ft -1 1 itluff^ 1# ^ ^ \ XOVA HC(mA (((»IJ> FJKI.DS. •Sir,— Ptucimial Sftrefmy's Offirr, Sfitteiiiher :fl.i/, iH«;i. orHnrl i! "' "■•!." H', """'«''**« neighbourhood, 8.bould be ex^nnincd i 1 I have, itc. S.WirKI, P. F.VIRUWKS, J<:sf(., (Jomnir. of Crown Tiiiiufs. ^ JOSEPH HOWK. yu{. poo[,Ks nr^'OKT. SlR,- iluUfnx. Nuru Srofht. •U.v/ .lan»fin/. \Hn2. • early m possible " weather, that you should cn.nmence as and rrHc'Teatr^ Xr^ ^VnS Zt^ --ncing „.y j.p,or„tio„. com«.enced, I was prevented tlde^oi a muchTm: /"'"" '""' "''"'"'>' localitien ,ts I should have wished to havno;:;"rconsTde^dTtT^^^^ importance at the present time to make a general recoZ^l ' Tthi '""'''' ties lymg on the western shore, and tq collect spec mens oJ^STlk ? """"' During the three months of mv resenivlioQ T 1.,... * n i miles, as shown by the red line which marks mv.n' T""''^ """^T^'^' "*' ^^^« which accompanies this Rorrt Thre ab^S^^^^^^^^^^^^ m«P of Nova Scotia, minoralogical specimens, which r tv^X^.^^ f T^ '.' considerable number of cases. -P-entrg'cSttt/Se eTr™^ '"[P^^^^ ^^^ ^ all parties wishing to ..ecome^::;s:ed*:;:h«';^;:::^!'s: £ ■..>...:ra;; a,;Zc .zs;ry r;- i ziii' S 'i^ tf i T ^ r 1 ir- "'• 7 Sk-iS!;; iiionttiH tod. <-lnini.-< iiiuntliH *9*1 V '.y^w^^s:*_^f^ir ■ :^|:lf*^ *^ r-- '^m .NOVA SCOTIA r.OLD FIKLDS. — - 'j ^iBmmmmm r' fi nenr to the lake-filter of the Water fooinnnv ; and the hij^heHt Ji^nd atuined' hy Aneroid wir« 27(» IWet nbovo the »oa at Kiddv'n Inn, lateHubly The Bran- ite range wn« in Hitii to the head of St. MargHrefH Bay, whence the boulders contimiwl to cover the k>ouA1, and hid the underlying Ibrmation. After i^ sinir Hnbbart'8 Brook the granite again appeared, atyfl attained a height dl' 243 «eot, where the romJ crosses over the Aspota^on rid^e. ^A Vand of carbonifei^ oHH iniie«tone shewed at Frail's Cove, and granite boulders containing .large eryHtaJH ol (el^par appeared on the road side when paswing round iMahonk Bay. At .Voti-h Cove the granite ceased, and a rii great many lossils, casts of shells, " Terebratula." I also obtained crystals of (.ale spai\ It IS a good strong lime, and has been shipped in cop.iideiable quaii- titu's to Halilux. From the range of this limestone, ■JPhd direction of its dip, should there bo any eoal in this neighbourhood, it should be found between this point and the town of Chester; but that is pot likely, as the top of the hill be- tween the two i)laces consists of the ironstone .slatt', and which f .rmation is •.bservabic all the way down into Chester. It is tlierelbre to be feared that the (•oaljMeii«.mt|s have been removed by the upheaval and obtrusion of the slate rock.s. Iho intervening liills are thickly covered \vith granite and quartzlte nonldeis. . I went ioiukI by Stamlbrd's Tannery to examine a hill near where coal was reported tu have been found ; hut I cuuld not find anv indications of a coal for- mation. The ruiges of ironstone shite bore S. 12^? E, "dipping 50° S. ; no quart*' vein- visible. 1 was shexVn a pit near the road side where the coal was reported to have Iteen found by Mamfbrd, who sank it, but fie could not shew me anything but manganese bog ore. 1 then went to Doliglasville. where Mr. Bradshaw shewed " meloo.se pieces of dark limestone cropping up in >is field, which decomposes and forms a dark brown Umber. I could not get enough exposed to discover the -strike;" but it was in a line between the limestone at Frail's Cove lUid the ' Iroulders shewing at the Middle River. It is two miles from Chester, and neat' to the Vynulsor road, andigte directly magnetic north from Cross Island Lijrht,, fhewing a variation of l(M»ieed from the true north on the map. I then proceeded on tofCisenhaur's Hill, which is 300 feet above the level ol the sea, where the ridges of ironstone slate are much contorted. A few veins of quartz are seen running through the slates not regular, and containing small quantities of pyrites; the dif^is southprlv, and the general strike of the ridge t^. 80° W . I was given a sample ail«Caolin, or Pipeclay of very fine quality, and very white, wliicli is obtained fmin the banks cf the Sabbattee Uke, 4 miles from Chester ; but the water wiw too high for me to make a personal examina- tion. JSq gold ha.s'yet been fbund in this neighbourhood. I hired a boat to take me to Deep Cove, at the base of Aspotagon Motlntain. I landed first outside of the Cove on the south shore. At Blandlbr«i strong bands of ironstdno slate were wsible for some distance in the ba^ks of the shore. ' with a moderate dip o^20'' N., and strike N. S0° W. Diluvial scratches or stritB were very visible on Hie surface of the rocks, bearing S. 30° E ^The rock was of a dark blue color, with-rtgood deal of copper pyrites running through it but I did not jfii! any quartz. It might be worth while to'ipake search for a copper lode at U)is place. We then pulled up to the head of Deep Cove, (about a mile m length) ; fine deep water, """l wife harbor for siiiall vessels. Granite. boulSers v thickly covered the nortlm^e, and at the entrance the granite appears to be the permanent rock, as stated by Dawson; but the slate shews on the south „yggi?[ [hg <'<"'«rft Q>l::q!H* ^j Uits A feet high; and a bridge had been built upon trc.««sel» to enable the roa"'''«'^' ..ndgncisH. with vettical patrg^ZSr^^'n^^Ts ''(C'r^^''^^ bv;q"«rezire thick. wan formed of Homblcn.lf K^^lZ\t,x ? !k •"" "'^"I ^"^'f «" '"«•» limestone is found in loose „i^L :l?,t K ? ^ L '" '^ ''"''* oHn.liiln Point, ' cal, d pp nsfnorth and tl... .,r.».«T • *"' ""'^ "'"« "early vorti- until we^a%e to tCMidl'^Sver orclelTR" ^^^^ granite b^oulders, . carboniferous limestone 'nstac^L the brid^^^^^ ?""^''^' succeeded with woods, I understood nm'Lr h„d f!?rlo.l„ k^ , ."'"""* '^"''""'^« ^"""^ »" t'lo . but that 4he HO •^^^^e norabnnZ^J ?? '^^''^ V'^J™""'^ "P «>'' P-^'nt-' recommended an^explol^cut^o h/li ^^".f* ?* "'' *^'« '!»"'•«==' ""'1 I vems ; as . I^-^i^tll^ir^^ ^^^^^-^^^^^ -J^^-- Jer: o'x;, r„ro;^ttruttr;^•"J^ -^^ '-- ^^^ Hinte dipping 40° N a„d strike N 60 W ''"a u r ''•'"""'' ^ '""""^ "'''°"'' pyrites «LSlso visible fomin^ ft •n?.i^^ A band of , micaceous gneiss with ri^^r., I travelled ZnZ w?sJb„T of fh' ?"'' ''"f '^ <"e«t «bove .the where trial pits had been sunkTntSn . *-'7«\«n^» ««w ^cvjral places Httle gold \L been obtaine Belof cirS? "' •"'' *"'* ^ *''" '"''°""«^ *«* beencutinthcpocksbeWSMW^^v?^^^^ *''«"SL'«« '>«rf quartz, and s&me gold Shfedb^w^i-n;"''"' """" ''^"'^ «'" ^^^^ "'"^ qnartz veins had been Ibund for a' co.ml,. nf ™w P ,*'"'* P°'"'- ^o™© b;^ Gold Hver bridge, b.:Jf-rS 11^^^^ l^J £ S/^ miMl^CeViTt;.^^^^^^^^ of "bout half^ through the hill in^d^^d beal^^^^^^^ ■•-"' ""d running ceedcdl>y«Ipte8al8ob;arin..S W butdin..i„ • iT 'l"''" '''^'«'' "«'- 60 N„ or in (he nature of a Hynclina VxL ft ^^ "rregularly from 73o :S. to rt,.en^..doveraveragedfflS,S^^ spot where people have been engagedEo m^v vJ^. \°'^- / *f "* *° ^''^ --•d hidden treasure of ^xxx>\mx{I\M vCr^^U- Tu'^i'l'gfi"- the suppos- two othei-s bad been sunk SSe Onpla . '^'T' ^5"^ ^^^ ««^«d '"' ""^ ' and in all that depS. rroftd'U^rstrkTiJ '"^ ^'^*^b« ^20 feet deep, was composed of 4nd an J boulder Ss.SH;n..h T"''?**'* matter alongside frn«, ♦i.i^.K„„ .u- ' „."v j" T rr? «»d though the pit woi! some 200 yatxiu ' >) rose aud fell with the tide, showln., « k^TJ^J^^'^J^^W' J bl ^^' tw nil ■ jitr foi ani all / ^^^ ^fS^lK li JS-^^Sirf^^^ ^ qu ■«ei ne: di^ bu ral ' inc ■•/ T 1 . , r wajkj-ounda' •* b^lAiferoid ck w*) visiblo ders were ire^ «» iipwiinls of ' to the flhore, iVIiibune Bay. byqimrtiite t half an inch Indiiln Point, ' ■Id not luakV t a»y AissIIh.^ rd ironstone, dipping 67" Jearly vorti- te boulders,, ceeded with back in the np for paint,' iver by the lill :.'00 feet nany places I gold had ed over the of quartzite e vein b6re iiartz, and 1 her quartz mrtx. dge) which nd chlorite neiss with above ,the ral places nned that icJies had ich slate and ! "Bend," lit. Some and also found in ut half^n ] running ifter 8UC- FS" TS. to 'ttd which a vol and loUg the nt to the . e suppos- cl in, and ' eet deep, dongside " OOyardBj ijlnifr^"- inication rrT' NOVA .scxrriA odLp fields. S5B! between the 9ca and the shaft, oiid I could'hoi^e any indicationH to justify the iV|)qrt that gold had been \i'aHhcf(l out of the kind. . , " . ^ ' ' A,t Martin's Rit^er.jiwt below /the bridge, Innvi where a fewJtrialq had ,,b«en made in the bank, in -thin laniinated elates, and Hevcnil veins olS^nartz were' ex- posed. \ few j«mall specs of irold had been/ound where Jtho men hud been* dig- ging/ The ulates dip 54" N, Rn|d the atrike wju East and West The indication* nvere very good, and on the opbosite side of the river the bank is some fifty feet high, and the slnte^ formations Miowed very reg4dar, with quartz veins runnfng through them, and I think it\ would be ii good place for prospecting. Whij;(6, blue, and yellow umbers ,are t^id (o be dug out of the- bank. of the river about two miles up. ' '\ ' ' '• ^ " c On the' West Mide of Mnhbnclltay near the two churches, the slate was of d strong, ironstone character, whili near the hotels it w«i8 dark blue and thinly lamiitatcd^but I could not riee a^y quilrtz veins. The slate formation continues all tlio way into Lunenbuspptkit tL^e rock is not much Exposed along the tele- graph rmjfl. OnjhjeoW^lj^ckhbkji^ Road, on Peter Langiltfl fnrm,-« little gold \ »' \ ftHil haiAi (ound in the quat;t«v1i^it not enough to pay, and the place is now abandons J. y - . " .. \* ■ ' LUNENBURa. Mr. liBWson drove me round to the Ovens, t^birteen miles ; a hilly and very winding road, passing round the deep bays. Slate rocks showed all tMbvay and soqpc thin quarte veins near to Cock's Mill. The gold district is at present confined to the peninsuk known as the Ovens, from-tbe cave.*, of which I count- ed foin-teon in the cliife on the shore, and which^re constantly forming and wasljing-away by the notion of the sea at high tide.C, During storms ?n particu-^ Irtr, the waves dash with great, violence against th«^^cliffs, which lirp a|)out fifty feet high, and composed of altetnate bands of hard and soft himinutod .slates with quartz veins, and ciibical iron and arsenical pyrites bands intermixed.' AtTthese Ovens, the coast section shows these bands dipping to the North at an anfrle of ' 75°, and strike S. 75 W. to N. 75 E^while the slaty cleavage is about vertical The constant action of the salt water decorhlioses the pyrites and crumbles the softer slates and decayed quartz away ; while ^he harder arenaciou,s slates re- main, and form tl^e overhanging ^roofs of the caves ; but they We al^o con-Ktantly iireaking down or wearing away from the winter's firsts and other causes. T^his debrfs appears to be carried out to sea and afterw^ids depo- sited as simd in the neighboring coves : Spindler's on the North side and MiseiT er's BeacK oji the South side, as well as at the head r. "%, .>■ ' f XVWSvm W fiOUJ FIKI.II.S. Cove and Spindler's Cov" I. ./ noU,.' ., v ^/. ^"" ^^." ^VasLod uut at Fire the yield of^oldi. .n^^":. ^ C I'J Z^^n^J^^!'' ^^^""''' 'T""' ^''"^ ;^g^. t r; '^i:!^j^z::::ztfi::f -'^'^ ''-;•> '^'--i- "rond lending to King.burv " " "'" '"" '■'■^''•''' "" "'^' lew specks of - A sunk b> Mr. C K-venloii. nt a siiort distiince off from tho we«t .i.i,. V,f I '^i north, with tlic strike S 8(^ '^ p^,. '''e^'e s'ates hud a 8l,i,l,t dip to tiio Cove, but I conld noVlind n onen, wo^^fSS T'^T' '" '^"^''S x.n Creser'H Fnrm-oourse S. 70^ W. The quartz wn of 7 "•'"^ "' ^"".'^^ ' '" of a hard arenaooous nature. I crossed the ^^3 n '^ u '''' * ^''"'^ Have River, but conl.l not ..ee a' mhlnR on the hi?! bn fn'', \ ''"7 "" ^^"- (ioM h,,, rf|)orlv,l ((> l,„vi. I.eon obtained from the »Mhim™ „f il, i peer M,,. OxnciV lio,„e. but the tide we. uD >o 1 eonuS iT • "'"' Relurni„B to the ,mss „.„k T went tXLTh ride of r1 i" '"' ;r'- t *"■;,>»■ K »" W.. n...l dipping .?. N° rlr^rateVXm S"»>" the .North Hide ol Vvijm Fnland bore N. 74 iL and the hfiftynffho r i I OvenH bore N. « E. I then walked aorosa o StXe and PnWfr ^""^"t"''^ the slate, were talcose and of a more rnsle harlL^ Se tn^tr: pro.pect.ng on «u,all irregular quartz vein.*, and were JSporlSd t^have f^nJ Kold, but we cou .J not «Ge « trace, and the,« i« no field fof wooing or wLhS Some loose pie<(08 of trap were on the shore. ""f^^ug or wasamjfs. The hillH around Lunenburg are compose'd of aand and mnvel with •««;♦- boulder, cut »p by bogs and creeks, and I travelled i^TunneraLtr bS there was a local .ittraction of from four to six degreeTand the TalStJon Tf compaHH from the original g»nt. of 1780 w»i four Sd i?haU^d«JJI^ Th^ *"» ...^.••* ..J '*'-. ' ... ■.M:''kilA NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. " Blue Rocks " on the eastern shore, tour mile9 from Lunenburg, are of «n are- naceous nature; and are used for foundation stones and street flags, as tb^ can ' be quarried in long lengths and as large slabs; cleavage strike S. 80 W. dip N., while the alternfting bands dx inches thick of blue and crey slates dip 23" toN. 30E. . Crossing over to Long Island on the eastern point of t}v9 harbor, I landed in a cove near Mason's House, and found the strike of the sliites S. 80 W., the same as at the Ovens, and the anticlinal axis was distinctly shewn in eemi-circular arches, with a synclinal axis running parallel further south, dip 68° to the north. This is most likely a part of a series of rolls caused by pressure, as a v/ein of basaltic trap parallel to the sli^te'^was visible on the shore. Many quartz veins ran across the slates, and a-few quartz veins with the slates — the latter vdry full of cuSfes of pyrites, many of thera half an inch on the face. The cliff here is not more than fifteen feet high. Some gold has been found by prospectors on the Point, and there are pvospects of washings m the coves and along the reefs. I then crossed over to Cross Island, and landed in a cove full of slate reefs, and walked across the Island to the light-house. I found everywhere precipitous banks, with the slate cleavage east and west, composed of dark thin laminated slates, with bands of pyrites and quartz running, through them, in one of the ' veins near the light-house wc fojgku small speck of gold. These slate measures dipped 43° N., strike A. 70 W. , ,: • :MMLi^ai^^M^it&)mt. 10 NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. I Bridgewator: tSr8lmmite of tkl l,?,tf **°'°»'''' I*''.^ m«i«Vd f-miV?aT.„d1n'fho'e™™.TocS'STh.;i' SAf't the strike was east and »est, dippinir N H)° wSh^.Ti . ■ ''••« *«"«''. ine the road strikp S «« w J^^7 • • • ^^'"^ ^'^ ^'''*« q»artz cross- on to VeS farm half^ SkWhi';"^ P^'^^^ *"^, '""^h >"!«*• I went a strike of S. 70 w'., dip SfTuartztLJ S T^""' f^^ ."^^^ ^^^^^ 400 feet hiffh to Seaman'* farn. J^ ' ^^- ^ mossed over the hill ground, in fhiS^ I oEned 10^^^^^'%^?^ ^¥"^ ^" *" "^'^''^^^ after half an Kuided nie thrm.»K t^ "•^,"*' "K P'ayed off upon strangers, guiaea me through the woods m an iVisterlv direction anA hour's walkmg I came to the N E sidrof^^^ «f fis- cal pyrites and mica, oS- vSns of S/^'"' vertical and full of arseni- The people had sp^nnwSS ini ?"^"** '^"'^f*^ '''**^'«*» '» the trench. aa all the indSions werfenSurMrrir ? n"J^' ^'/^^ the trench for gold, slate interesting specimens SSS, i,"f*'*'"«** fh,m the walls of the erystals. ^ P««™en3 of sihcious stalagmites, or psuedo-morphous «/krrhowSTlteX*t?Sl thet,r- ^f"r '^^^ --" -«-, slate peared of a soft, laminKhaJIc^^ On^Thl'*^"' *'?^^t"^ *^ "'"t^^ *P- stone slates dipped S. 66° strike SSfi w i *^**''^ ^^'^'^ ^^nds of sand- t««of a mile ^?^and found hard sl^^^^ thf w""? '^^ f "7' three-quar- quarta appeared bv th« -iHa «# fk , " *"* Western shore. Micaceous Sill ?e0^^in%^^ZtgTGc^^'f?^^^^^^^ SumSo? "Oft, blue slates showed in aSendi^ tff« hfn k' ♦^'^ "™''*« ^""^ the terry ; I trarelled )^a cross roadTthe slot a^'¥f„ * "v*^"*^\,. *^'"° ^^"rad's appeared on the roadside near the Take K ^^'^ ^"^ *"' B'"« «'»te8 Bhore, men had been prosnectincr »nH wl ^***1"* *"'*' °*"« »>"<''i from the Blate, strike 8. 70 W , 3^i„iS'„;"l!*?>" ?»t quartz in hard quartzite named Mitchell waTsiiJ to hTvWuS. ' ^"t not at all regular. A man dis«>vered. Further E^t the I^^'^^JPSr^lS'^^^i:* ^ "^T^"^ ^" white quartz in decomposed quiS3teo7^«i?*^ ""'^^ l*""*" ^^^^^rti of lar hard, white quartzlte diSw.!!; ^ J ? «".***'!?• .. ^l the roadside, simi- yjvi^. When^UlL „lw A*!!.'^'^ »««^«d on the sh A l«w bay V® „„d, k.Lk ' "!?f ^- *' ^-t •"^ ^^^%J h^^ 13 NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. tndge a broad belt of red rusted " Breccia "«, • containing granite boulders Ih^ut Q iS' •" «?ng'oinerate8, is visible quartzite^ltte, and othrScks flrmV;^^^^^ *l«o pieces of of the rirer opposite to the congl^^^^^^^^ >L ^n the w^est side torted with veins of conglomerate XmWtf./u*';!^'^ "'^ ''«"* ««» con- ^P to the N. E. with stfike S 6^o'^"^2d the Itv r' ^**^..«'«*^^*"ds 88» The quartz and slate give good indicatiVr^ll^.''*,^^^ banks are very low, and not advE^emii fi!r? "^ ^^'''' ''"* *^« "^er's ing to the main road at 1 mile be3 MoS^nW^*'"^' "P«"- ««t«^n. gravel beach about 16 feet high; a/d 60 fel?^i7 ^""' -^"^ * ^'«" <^efi°ed «f^t and ^est. Slates again shewed by the ro^ ' T^"""^ ^^"^ '^"'^ "^^^ly others, chlorite, hard anisandy At 3 mUes rHh''"*? ' '"T V^ ""^ blue, quartz were abundant, containing sonie Wrf J^ !i**'?\^*^^«'-» «f ^l»te in the general direction of the S^ke of tf/"£; q'^^io'^i'^^^i^^'d be traced cross vems of quartz in the rock bXJs wtl^ol^ ^ •7^?''« ^«^« «>«« The stratification of the solid rocks w«r«^ u "' Py"*®^ "» the slates not obtain the correct strike or d^^ TtTg, t^r''''"" "fP"^^'^' «« ^ ^^^I^ signol Lake, and shortly afterwardsbl.^ ,?„/ '^' * •"'"'^ ^"'•''s «ff ^r Ro- 8ome large natural me^adowsZm wSU w;^P^"% and wide spaces of boulders of nu^J^^ll -.f^® quantities of hay are cut- I turned off the new C ^nj llntTer^l^Tuf ^^^ ''«*»^««" them.' who sho*red me a lump of'natfve copper abou'f fi ^ '''^l ''l^^' ^^*">«ron some rugged proiections whinK v. V i , *"® *'^ of a hen's ojr or . Just before entering Brooklfeld I obsprvJ ^"^ him to wash for gold, ning nearly east and^west on the' haukJflt.^T^^ JT""^^ «' t'-^P run- head of Deerhom Lake, like » Tall of ^alonrv ^y* Medway River ^at the mtc and quartzite boulders were scatterSi ovp^f h?""'*'? ^" **»« *"P- ^ra- Passing through Brookfield, I travXrlThlr t^® 7""^^^ ^^ the ground, road and then turned off fo; wSlfieW sTate r^'L*'""^ the old AnrpoHs and the river was full of niio,^,.f« J . '^ocks were occas bnallv sAon hills ^r ^»r'"«d5gl2r''^fth\"^^S'n^r '^heto;7ofTbe road, where a mill hal been bur^tdLn^"''^ ''^««'^' "orth side of the and several small ones, bearing S 87^ V"!.^"*'*' ^"•" <'«•"• "ches wide slate containingpyrites'. McLe^od to,d i^that'fe h^/""*l: T^ '^'^'^^^ of gold out of these veins in the bS of the briV / ""-"^^^ "^^^'-a' »P««« The indications ooked jrood f h« *!;«- • "^ during the dry season higher up the brook! a^^e S m?ca slate" m"uf h ''!'''■ I^ »J*^»- ^ So HP. ^»th cross veins of quartz throZhi^l'tLn I been hove side of the road wher^a broad riX of Quar?^ Tt i^ ?"'"°'' *** *''«'«"»*»» east and west U been traced forTDwa?r?/V ^^\^, ^^^ ^'^e, bearing un^er the hill on the east side of the 5 ver A ♦*'^''. ">."?» to the ^est, and 'r«;l?P^ ^ 7™- ^"'*' qu&rlz shou d be to«t/,^ ft«. „ ^ ^*' 7"* PVrttai^ JUliAlJ.Ll', > ,il>i m^l«->rvlj6l«' rock a^eTt^ ^"^ dipping N. 66<., with «.«rnn!;? k!"1^\'^^ along the road. Broaj ntj^^^'^-'^ contihued routl1,^Vl'l!:"r/"%«,from ,'* and mica boulders ViriA^ ., cT ®" '•"1 was covered wJfi. ^ ^ JQT " "^ c op per wa a toJbfc&aad^ 1^^-- ^""^"^^'^ ^" "rft ' 1 . iJijfv, .■.u^^ NOVA ^COTIA GOLD FIELDS. 15 ick running ^°, com posed I, bearing 8. tite, " much ' creaking off ly minerals it. At four rtis coverted evailed. I 'the mouth Point and I. while the er passing Bins of tine noticed a 66°, with contihued liles from )ad I tra- ilf a mile 66 West, ng to the the forks 00 yards W. dipp. lick, with no gold down the luartz is i^hen the te rocks itrise, S. Tens to le river, not see uartzite to Port > divid- '.. quart- ucceed- ders of )revail. Mount whore « rock ding's, Sandy quartz g the , then - [uartz rock, trap, ■088 a- three , and- t'and ^here v.ater over the ridge of rocks nearly perpendicular, about 225 feet high, but could not nnd the! rock exposed on the summit. /^ I tratelled down the Western shore of Sable River to Lewis's Head but found nothing but quartzite rocks on the shore, and the same rocks at Haystack Point, with a great deal of sand on the beach further West. From thence I drove over barrens and old ridges of graVel and sand all the way to Ragged Islands. Frcnn thence to Loclte's Island I observed boulders, of quartzite and mica. ;Loclie's Island is connected with the mainland by a sahdbar. The Hon. J. Locke walked around the shore with me, and showed me quartz veins running through and across the rjdge of gneiss, not far from the Church. I was shown Samples of ferruginous quartz and pyrites, which had been picked up in loose boulders, but the vein had not been found in situ. From Locke's Island to the bridge on Jordan River, the road was hilly, with swamps on the low grounds, and gravel and 8«nd on the hills. On the West side of Jordan River are large masses of gneiss and mica rock, containing crystals of " stautotidc." On Dixie's Hill, further down the river, I examined the quartzi^ rock, where I found veins of quartz : one was two inches thick, bearing S^ 40 W , but no indications of gold. The top of the hill was ^bout 150^fee»i high. At Jordan ferry ihere were several veins of quartz running in different directions across the quartzite rocks ; and I got small -gat-nets and a kind of steatite in the gneiss boulders on the shore. Granite boulders showed all the way along the road into Shelbume. p Around the town there are ridges and hills of gravel, and the surface of the land is covered with granite and quartzite boulders. At four miles down the harbor on the Eastern side, I observed ridges of mica slate 8. 48 W., or parallel with the road: upon breaking some of the bands I found them full of small garnets. I proceeded to McLean's farm, nine miles, where a band of basaltic trap shows at his gat* crpssing inland on the general line of strike. I found the bands of rock on the shore bore N, ^ W. 1 took samples of gneiss, mica slate, basaltic trap, and quartz veins. Further down the shbre at Kail's Point, rocks bore S. 30 W. Very large beds of gneiss, with quartz veins, bands of mica slate, and a large bed of white quartz, upwards of six feet thick, showing a semicircular cufve bending North and dipping South, gneiss on the North and quartz on the 'South wall, which had the appearance of having been ejected. The rocks further South had lines of cross fracture, being a broad band of basaltic trap. At Stokes' Head the gneiss and other rocks bore 8. 35 W., with small quartz veins. I did not observe any veins of grW)hic granite as mentioned hyJJkwson, but I got small garnets in the gneiss, also actinolite in the granite, also some hard, concretionary substances. About one and a-half miles to the North of the town, I saw a quartz vein eight inches thick bearing S. 48 W. dip. N., in course mica state. In dry weather, I was told there was a strong mineral spring at the top of Him- eon's Hill. At jt«ro-and-half miles up the east side 6f Shelburne River where a road branches off to a mill, I observed very large boulders of granite in the swamp, while our road was formed on the top of « gravel ridge running through the swamps. At six miles gndiss rocks shewed a cleavage dipping S. E. ; there were also many boulders of granite and blue «^ quartzite. At seven miles w© crossed the bridge on to Long Island ; most of the road was over a gravel ridge, some fifteen to twenty feet above the swamp on either side, with veny few boulders. At eleven miles the road came close to the river's side which flows rapidly. Afterwards the road divides, and I took the old or more hilly one on the east side of the Island and crossed a ridge of gneiss rock ; the veins bearinij^. 60 W., and « little farther on 8. 73 W. with (Jiluvial strise S. 12 W. Thence the river widens into a lake, and the Indian hill on the opposite aide is chiefly covered with hemlock trees. At fourteen miles I crossed over a bridge at the upper end of Long Island, and a mile further I observed a thnBe-inch verticil rein of quartz crossing a large gneiss tiould er 8. 88 E.; other boulders were ^ifiptfy inoliiiea 1» ffie BTil. Weaif McGilFS mm, Ohio setUemQul^ irop^" ateaa boiddsM wec« Mattered sbouW aisd I wm told, • bind e< it «beLW«d in ^-^ \.. J ■•\ t V IC ! NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. the bank of tho river about three-fourths of a mile awav rin9« f« \r ni, ridge «,mo twenty feo, .tve tt a™Tui'S cLZf 2,Th '"?'Jfl«'"'",''' liridge on the river ivhich I crossed 3 „.„.,„ diTb ""'.'"'g'''*" mile is .he tat settlemeat, «i the'^d e'lhl™ d; AaiS'.^'^fc"'''"? fhe e„ly piece7ar.Vl5Wl„ru\"er^ Tk"^" if '"^^ pieces contained small cubes of nvritM I .i.V. f J '""'•, Some of the of gneiss. I slept .t . Lumtem-^'Sre and at 7 A K pT" '" '".T P'""*' Tw^H "Vh'™,"'™ '■f »' * "Bi-^'-t^i" ridge We^t'et^^^ . After travelling to the he.f of S ak'^'w'; wtti ™ "iZM" 'T 'i hilU, which are elt tSgE by the^Beaver l.£'..'"\°' {'^ "''' ''""K' »' s"i^rhe^sott"--^""^°"^»™?=^ ba^LTr ;r"Tirv''j,Vtr„e^ -"-' -r rl; '"-''- .t;rp,:rd'sfeSSf"iT^^^^^ miles to the west of K river Tip ' ^^l!. '"".u?*^ ^^•"K "P^««^« "f two we started to return toTor-a^ott'Ts'Srout". r^^^^^ taiice, passed a large mass of eneiss with a fhro«T V •. •* ™''® '^'^ through it, and larg! loose bou Je'Tu o^r the barrens ^"pT ^'"l 'T'1^ west branch of the Clvde rivpr nftor w„ii,- T"®""- "« ag»'n struck the divided into three LeimL"Tewt^ 11 "® "^■* *''? ""««' ^'^^^ ** ^«« our cou^e S. S. E, tt^rwlrrrn;"? fherTdrbare^'anS- '^'^"''L"^*^ coarse sand from decomposed granite LdihVhJ and composed of ers of granite and quarE S aftpr iit^ ^''"°^«7«™ fi»ed witk bould- ^ache^ the north L'^ chl^f K^ten^^nt^X CMe IT 7 T ^s the stream Ta fallen ree SH t^ °"*''> ^^^^ *« '^'^ «We to three or four leet by a natumldL o^Z W ™,!"'* 5.***^ ^'^^ '" "''"^^ »P .'Winter on the shored by^ttpllSifn t; I^IT^' ^^'^^ ^ ^-«<* "P -r? miSViSiitrerttieTthr XnTof%r' iV"«*'' r*^ *^"* *»>- lay's mkp for 1861. To the eiTof Zi ?Ike«? 11nt'"''J'7 k?," ^''^•"- pines, &c., and where the soU showS at Z ZZ if m ^ 1°°^^^ ^*" °^ o*''^' to be a continuation of the sTrleU fomat^^^^^^^^^ trees, apn«.red hou« to walk through this wood • w I eSma?«T».« I ^ "' ^''^ H^ miles. I got out of the w(K)d W »f -„«?^ the distance as at least five walk ac«.« a b««„ and T^o siTmnl in wiST *"''^ ^^ **'^° *^"« «""«• *<> ,^ . -- ^ JF^^ «i'Sa'<^A •se to McGill ) W. and dip dules spread igar hill, (so covered with other gravel ight^en mile farm, which > the sea. I he river and eadow land ; mnually. I ns in gneiss th and north •ut quartzite fouijd loose ' the' lake ; iome of the loose pieces nd I started travelled in passed two imp on the stream, too i in length. the side of top of the it range of id a second ) from the brook, and west, and t burned — le " moun- eiss, which rds of two seen here, a mile dis- in running struck the ere it was Continuing nposed of ith bould- >re we ap- id calcula- i)t a mile ■e able to raised up up every out three n McKin- of oaks, appeared ind-a-half least five miles to learly up aahortly- ^ = i« north NOVA SCatlA GOLD FIELDS. 17 The whole day's travel was over the graaitd and gnei» and south direction, for-nntions. I was informed that the County line between Shelburne and Yarmouth has not yet been correctly run out, which may account for the lakes and streams ol the Clyde river not having been laid down on the map.- By pocket com- pass, I made the course of the streets in Shelburne S. 4 W., and the variation by the Pole star N. 18 W. I crossed the Shelburne river bridge (granite and boulders in the stream) anr travelled up the road on the west bank of the river. About one mile up 1 found a long ridge of quartzite rock bearing S.;30 W., dip S. K 55°, with Uim vema of quartz running through the rooks. I walked across a field to the Upper Falls or rapids over ridges of graitite which used to be a good place for catchmg Salmon, Trout, Herrings, and Alewives. The same granite rocks with the quartzite ridge bearing S. 45 W. are visible, a little further north crossing the rood, and may be traced for a considerable distance in a south-west direc- tion.. Men had been breaking out the quartz veins in both kwalities, but there was nothing to indicate the presence of gold. Contimiing along the road on the western side of the Koseway river, at three miles, I passed over ridges of granite atid gneiss near the road turning off for Welchtown, and the same rocks contimied to Harris's farm, seven miles, succeeded by large barrens with the road made over the winding gravel ridge running across it I took a specimen of a granite vein in a large gneiss boulder, then crossed a brook run- ning into Birchtown lake, I then had to cross several ridges of gravel which bore in a W. S. W. and E N. E direction. At twelve miles the roads forked and I travelled the one to the we»t, and several ridges of solid gneiss showed crossing the road bearing S. 60 W. The rock in some bands was much weath- ered, and shewed hard profecting nodules. At fourteen miles the rOads fork ogam, I took the left hand and went through « Whitewood," across Hemlock creek bridge. AOer passing the school-house, the roads fork again ; the one to the left-hand leads to mills on Clyde river and down to Birchtown. I took the right-hand road, and soon after crossed the Clyde river, and went to Thomas McKay's house. I found solid gneiss rock on his farm, and white quarte rock loose on the river side near his bridge. The road ceases at McKay's farm. He told me that It was five miles across to Ohio church, and about six miles to the foot of the three lakes in a N. N. E direction. There was not any high land, as indicated on the map, from which I could get an extended view of the country, which was composed of gneiss in ridges of burnt barrens with swamps between them. Many of the latter, if drained, would make good meadows of wild hay. 1 obtained some large garnets, some of them three-fourths of an inch across, out of a mass of gneiss rock lying near Dr. Sneider's door, but they are too brittle to stand cutting, so they are not of any intrinsic value. Again leav- ing fcshelburne and crossing over the bridge, I travelled along the telegraph road, and ascended a long hill of granite and gneiss, and on the summit observed a broad vein of quartzite rock much broken, running about P. W. I then descended to Birchtown bay, and ascended another granite range, the summit being about six miles from Shelburne. After crossing a brook, we came upon a large swampy or « Savannah," perfectly level, and two or three miles long. At ten miles I passed the « Lone House," alluded to in Sam Slick's writings, gneiss rock prevaUing; I then crossed another large savannah, and descended to the Clyde River, which is divided into two streams by an island, upon which some mills are situated. The rocks were granite and gneiss wherever visible, along the side of the road, with occasional gravel ridges. . I was shewn specimens of ferruginous quarts, found only in boulders, ^bout seven miles up the Clyda T T-^T' **"* ?' **** ^^^' ^"^ •""*■* swollen and there was not any wagon road, I did not think it worth visiting, a^ had been to the head of the River previ- ously, and found the granite fon^Ai aU the way «k» the Blue Mountain Mr. McLaren drove me down the east side of the River for two miles, and ^JKe^cromed the second branch of the Clyde River, at- the h e ad of the ^wwi^ gation. I stopped at Lyle's Farm and took the bearing S. 65 W. of a quarte vein one and a half feet thick, in gtkeiss rock ; the duam waa rery trtnpaifent, and only {m« nnaU pieoa «f yy«it«s fouad in i$. Iw mum y^ ccomm tj^e- 8 ^« * 18 XOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. Clyde River, going enst and I saw it again about one mile fuMher west, in the bend „o t% 7'"° u * """y ^f ^"^^^ '"' '«^™™ the^barrens towards Barrington. I- walked down the west side of the River to -Fish PointT where I observed a gran- lie vein tour inches wide, in a granite ridge, with o general strike of S. 85 W ^iv^rSl'*''" the Port I^']rourro*d,-gmnite bonlders, with savannahs and gravel ndges prevailed but I did not observe any rock in>itu. I travelled round Boccnro Point,-the rocks were chiefly gneis^, with magnesiati crystals thickly spread through them. I also observed .loose pieces of quartz, with py- IZ' ''"i^t ^^T "^'*'" ^^% hght-house, but none in situ, and no appearance of RriJl T ^'l^.^'^^t"'""^ *^* ^'^"^''^ ^"P* Negro Bay; near McDougall's Bridge I obtained bog iron o.re, and micaceous sand, out of springy ground, where men had been prospecting. Thence to Samuel Smith's Fa4, In the fi!^'S K- tV""^ was mafle on the top of a gravel ridge sometimes twenty- fhr!. Jf ^i^^'"''^*".''®*''"*''^'"' «"'' •** «"« place, a canal has been cut through for the copvenience of boats. From Smith's down to Blanche, five TJ^ "^"raps were on eitlier side of the road, which was made over the gravel ridge and I observed the magnesian crystals in the mica rocks were of a larger Zfl \ 'Vt? r* ^?'"* ^'^°"'"- I ^^"^^ walked a mile across to the beei^fonnd 1?;. T f'' YT^'"' ""^^'^ P^"*^V" «>''*««■ h«d been reported to have been lound but I found ft was only mica rock, with a few lumps dt pyrites here dipping east. I did not observe any quarte or granite veins through the rock,, and no appearance of slate. I returned to Brtrrington by way of Lyle's Bridge tt rTd°on Ik *^ ''"?"''"r''^' ""? «J"*^«' "'^g^" I went thi^e miles down rlJ r^ ■ ^^«*?'-"/^«';«' «nd observed several granite ridges crossing the ZauntjZ^ Barnngton^ by the telegraph road I crossed a hill of granite, S^Zm.? V*'^^T*^i'"^''^'^"«"S^*'^»"'«''°'i Yarmouth the gran- ite boulders nearly ceased, flnd we rode over wide swamps or savannahs, with fh™TcLk ifnHi w:"""-*' frf ^'"^2 '^'^'^ «"•"«"-«' «° that i^sr.^ ItVnlVl KU ""'""^^ ** I^wer Pubnico, where it was gneiss. Thence we hmiM^^ll ""^r"^ over a broad ridge of gneiss, running N. 18 E, with loose Point lI-Tou* ''' ^'^^ magnesian crystals simflar to thpse found at f hr!!°I^;P?P^? Pubnico I went nearly east to the shore of Great Pubnico Lake, he firS h?l if-Tt^ ^a'Iu ''^"'' "V""'"? through the gneiss, in ascending the first h'll, and just beyond the summit 184 feet, at two miles distance, bands of trap running N 38 E, with small veins of quartz in them. The lake i^ about six miles long, and has gneiss and granite upon its shores. b«r»ir nrrlf^'^ ^T UPPf Pubnico by the rx)ttd on the west side of the t,^[^ :• K ^'''f * "•'« out of the village, near to the old Meeting House. The is hi^rl^rS 7i""??r^^ blue arenacebi« slates in thin laminated Sw^ « J! n f^\-} ^'^ "°* erve^y quartz veins, but a little fur- ther west a boulder pf white quartz aliout twoWt thick was exposed. At one mile distance, mica slate in a continuous ridge, N. 20 E shewSd.by the road ^t \lliT '•^''T' '''"j ""l^T^^' *^« ^°"'''«" ''«'»» quartzite and mica rock After posing beyond the Roman Catholic Chapel the ridge of mica rock »n N. and S, (the road being S. 20 E) I continned on the eirem4 s^wthem JS'Ti!^^'?^! °*?'"^™I.** rock, and gneiss with granite veina throiLh them, extended into the sea, bearing JN. «nd & I then returned twQ miles ™o^ -I'T^r?'" ^''•f * " ™'* *"y ~*^ ~™^ *be shore, as laid down on the map-and walked a mUe west across the peninsuU to Aioercibo Point where ^ quarts veins prevailed, ranmng through an4 across taleoee slate, in some places ^ conteimng nodfiles-strike S. 40 W. I wdled a mUe along this shore ESJ! warded observed the same kind of rocks ; but the tide being high I coold not see tte best v^ins of quarts Similar rocks and quarts are also fo«& at -Double Islands.^ I prdMed along the,n>ad, crossing to Tusket, fliree miles. No rook was visible, but the boulders were quartisit6 and mica rock, and so continued oil the way to Spimjey's Inn, [ "-^ «»" ABO ■Tll| I' ' lil- • ^^^;^»«^W^^ by ih« h road, wh«re a «.ow storm jjrevanted me &on makug any ezMouMtioa of Hm wuntiy. Mr. SpiOMy told V, Irv V, NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. 19 me that be got slate itsed for unde^pjpning hoases, about one juid a half miles to the east, across^a swamp, which was not passable at^ho present time ; ^id that the construotion ot the slate and quartz, which I had e-een near the old Meeting House, was visible three miles back in t|ie same direction. From Spin- ner's Inn to Tusket is ten miles. I cn^sed over Abuptic Harbor Bridge, ror- ter^s Hill, near Eel Lake, but as the snow lay on the ground I /sould not sec any fjook in situ. - Boulde'^i^f quartzite shewlsd all along the road. Across the Bridge by Harding's Inn^^ket, McLeud shewed me lirge boulders ot quartz- ite thickly scattered over the land, but I could not ffud any rock in situ. Uu told me that he allowed 15° for variation. ) / I .lell the village oi Tusket for Kempviile,and when. one and h lIKlf miles along the road I turned west one mile, to Crosby's Farm. He shewed some quartr, containing arsenical pyrites in quartzite rock, running about N. aiTd S., but I could not see tlie rock in position as it was all broken up in the hole vrheroslie kadi>een prospecting. I did not see any slatp ; ko far there is not^uch chanbe for discovering gold there. I returned to the road, aud at four miles distance crogsed over Tusket River Bridge, and kept to tiie right hand at the forked roads, six milea I passed over a rocky ridge at 4even miles, aud at the brook close bytlie quartzite masses^ bore N. 25 E, dip^. S. K 25°. , At ^akhill the quartzite bands were lying horizontiU a\'IiCTb they had been exposed in cutting down the hill. At twelve dliles\ve came to Temperance Lake, where thej^Bad4i.ranciics ofi for Yarmouth. At fourteen miles I observed chlorite slate on the side of the road, N. 65 K, dip ^ EJ65°. The same kind of ■ date was on Greig's and Robert's Hills, on as far as the second bridge crossing Tusket River, sixteen miles. I drove up a hill one mile further, to Calvin Hul- bert's at Kempville. He informed me that wherever they sank through the soil i9r their wells, someiimes to the depth of thirty^eet, they always cam^ to the same kind of chlorite slate on edge, and running nearly east ana west, Hulbcrt drove me four miles further north, which is ais far as the.rQad is made passable for a wagon, from whence I walked U' quarter of a mile east ovar ther barrens, where I saw near a brook ledges of chlorite slate, bearing S. 80 W., with a <|uart3r vein, but no pyrites ; some bands were ^^tical, others dipped north 65°. The same slate has been traced for miles to the Eastland as far Tusket river to the West' For the last two miles from the top of the hill, the ground was thickly covered witlrporphyritic grhnite boulders. Hulbut estimated the dis- tance from Kemptville to Philip Bower's bridge on Shelburne River, at twenty- four miles, in a direct line, crossing the base of the Blue Mountains, and over the stamps, when frolEen. The highest ground was two miles beyond Hulbut's bouse, summit of hill, 427 feet Returning to the side of Temperance Lake, I followed the road to the West which is not laid down on the map, and I observed quartzite rock on the hill, but could not satisfy myself^ of the correct " strike ;" I crossed the Carle^n River aiftl got into the main road, sixteen miles to Yar- mouth, and after passing by the side o&fi lake, and hemlock wood, I observed a ridge -of quartzite, bearing S. 32 W. and vertical, with thin veins of quartz rnu- ning through it ib different directions. Soon afterwards I crossed the Salmon River bridge, but could Inot see any good section of the rocks. After passing the Baptist Chapel at the; bead of Deer Valley, I got quartz rock on the side of the new rood, and at eleven' miles from Yarmouth, loose blocks of gneiss and actinolite ; and about a v^e further, vertical ridges of chlorite slate set in, bear- ing N. 45 E X crossed a brook and a long hill where the roads forked, and the chlorite slate bore E and AV., with a dip 8. 10°, close to the cross roads. No rocks in situ were visible in crossing another brook and hiU, as I passed throngb Ohio settlement, but just before coming to Hebron Comer, three miles from Milton, in Yarmouth, I observed a high ridge of trap rock bearing S. 35 W., and as we drove along the side of the " Poud," chlorite slate also showed, bear- ing S. 35 W., with mugr loose lumps of white quartz lying about In waUting through , , . TARVOCfTH f ' I observed the trap ro ck crossing the jnain street in continuatwn of the ndge n«ar Hebron Corner, and it can be traced on to flie abore ai^ the 'HCoEMer Sbooh." At KUlMA'i Whuf l^itMpnd • quarts vein varying from 9H# ^ r< i * '■M 1 ,*,. mm (imm M'^iiii MAi ^.:m '^EH Sfi^ sWW(r hauling up kelp. Goinjr Jlast along the shore I observed a fault about two feet wide,' being a conglom^ Tate and decomposed slate, with thin bands of soft, black shale, like graphite, next to the walls. Further on I observed a vein of pipe-clay, with white slate there were also several large veins of white quartz; but I could not discover any gold. All the indications were good and similar to the appearances at the Uvens, except that the cleavage of the slate, was nearei South than West. I then walked to the West ol the kelp road and observed a band of trap about fifteen yait^s wide, with quartz veins throWgh it, succeeded by chlorite slate of harder qua ity, with thick vertical cross veins, bearing N. 29 E. One seam was S\w- ^ET: '^'"'>"^ *>f « "te is vj^ for upwards of half a mile, and the wLlh "^-1 *^«"X^^''/f ' ^3^\ #^"«J to^'armouth by the shore road, which IS hilly, and shows hornblende.litid chlorite slates alternating. Crossing the budge at Milton, I pa.«ed Wyman's farm, where a rock had be6n di..covered witfi unknown characters cut upon it, of Which I obtained a fac-similie from Dr. •i" .u Vi^^ T^r° ''^'^^^ hornblende in passing over to Foot's Cove, four miles ; there IJbund the rocks chiefly composed of chlorite sla^e, bearing S. 45 W and dip S. E, some of the band9 were full of ^mall garneta I also got a slab oUarger garnets taken one mile South from Foot's Cove. Near the wharf I obtained garnets in a vein of gneiss. I did not observe any pyrites. The quartz veins were of irregular size and much distorted. The tid^ rises ten feet, and at mTu ''°»»«,*"«'» had been made in front gf the wharf, and on digging down irif6_the sand a few feet they came to a bed of clay,which yielded^fine gold. Half a bushel of the sand yielded forty spcs of gold, mixed wliii>])ii«k magnet- ic sand. Going North of the wharf, tlu/shore of the bay is MmMSx. gravel and sand ; the ridges ire not ve'i|Fhigh, but may J i 1 1 iQJjtMHm: iielied into might pay, as some specs of gold have been waslHWPWlked round Jie CoVe to Cranberry Head, where I found the cliffilJ^fctom posed of -bands 5f chbrite slate, bearing S. 40 W., and dip to tile S. E 45°, with small ^ig* °f q"«ft» rimnmg through and across the slates ; but I could not find any ^° S&K'*®^f V**t *'®"^- ^^""^ ''"^*' " '"■'e ft'i-ther North is a gtilly formed L'l.-tSSiS?! 1*^ Creampot, where Wyman and Eld ridge found frold in a qua^^^lBa^fdjjdthe slates to dip 60° to 72°, S. E, and bearing I. 45 W., ■mki'eMyRbhlontev' Several veins of quartz were running through 'thickn^sres, from one to nine inches. The vein yielding ■wm- WSf 1 'uJf . 1 .-i — ••••■»- niviico. Auc vein yieiuing if n ^'.^OP""*^ cTiarricter ;-in some plac,e8 the. sides Were |lmall cavitiWfilled with « gossan." The underiying slate next both% the sli^ gold V decom to the auaftz wtts full of pyntes and very soft I broke a number of specs of gold out of this vein of quartz ; the gold was very fine, and microscopic in some parts. Some coarser grams of gold in boulders of white quartz were alsp picked up on the beach, fto no doubt therein another gold-bearing quartz vein in the neighborhood. The vein of quartz yielding gold is the most K W., or underiy- 1L* 7^i*?y**'J**'***? discSm^ and bvertles a hasallic trhp vein four to »re !eefr-«ii«k. Mo oIm baa attempted to olenroway ,, \ the St. • • : • fro ■k ■* ■ pel -• • '-■ "^^i^ ..■ ■%,... 4 NOVA «OTIA GOLD FIELDS. ^ a ■A-* ■# black sAnd at low wnter, but from appennmcea I iihould think the}' mov prove as good ns the wasliingn at the Ovenx, and poiwibly extend along the ^ast for jibout two miles. I alBO found in«the Hlate a small spec of native copper. Leaving Yarmouth I travell^ along the nhore road, crossing to Digby. At six miles! observed the chlorite slate ndgo run N K and 8. VV.> and at eight miles saw iron-rusted slate boulders, but no rock in situ. At thirteen miles I crossed the County line near Beaver Brook, and entered CLARE TOWNSHIP. je sides of the road shewed only grovel banks where the hills' had been nto, At seventeen miles I stopped at Shehan's Inn, on Salnion Turning off the main road, at the Roman Catholic Chapel, I went to Avonr'fe Head, where I descended the cliff near 100 feet high, and ■ walked over the ledges at the b"080. I tirat crossed strong bands of quartz- ito with quartz veins which borc^S. 50 W., and dipped S. E. 70". "Mr. R. Bingay found a«mall piece of lo(^a quartz half way up the cliff with fine f gold in it. Travelling along, northward I crossed ft variety of light colored arenaceous slates with a little quartz. The slates became softer and^mopc laminated at the "Caves" where I got quartz veins in blue slate with pyrites in the veins. I passed many indentations of the cliffs, formed ifr these softer slates, and at the head of one Headland, I found a cwnglpnierate of fine slafe and sand^&c, connected together by iron water, lyin^, horizon- tal, or unconformable upon the edges of the highly inclined' slates, so it must be of a-'ipore recent formation. . It has a similar ap]>earance to the finer parts of the conglortierate obtained at Greenfield on the Port Medway River. A piece obtiiined by Dr. Webster,, from this place, contains gold and nativ-e copper. I then passed a basaltic trap vein five feet wide, eonfQrma- ble to the slates ; then bands Df good roofing slates ,8. 68 W. and dip N. W. 63°, or the reverse way to rocks south of the trap ; these roofing ^ slates were overlaid by other bands of slates full of pyritra, and many quartz veins of different thicknesses. Good indications, but no gold has yet been found. A large sandy cove sets into the northward, and- if sunk through might yield gold washings. I explored for upwards of two miles of cljffs, from fifty to seventy feet high, and returned to Shehan's by the top of tho bank. The shore cannot be travelled except at low water. Gold was re- ported to have been found eight miles inland, but I could not learn that there was any foundation for the rumor. „ I left Salmon River and crossed three hills or ridges of sla/k^ and graviel, but could not see any rock in situ along the road for many miles except one mass of quartzite boulders near Cheticamp, which settlement was aeveh miles from Salmon River. Then I observed St Mary's Cape was dinded into two heads with an undulating valley of good grazing ground between them, running back into the interior. At eight miles I came to Monte^gan Cave) and' descended to tho shore at low tide, and clambered ' round the^ ledges, and got into the cave wlilch is about 100 feet deep. The cliff is lUO feet high and constantly wearing away ; while the same action of the sea removes the softer slates, and extends the face of the cave further in advance. I found the direction of the slates N. 30 E. and dipping N. W. 60°, inskle of the cave whjich was some ten feet wide. These slates wore soft, impreg- nated with threads of pyrites And quartz veins. I could not find any gokl, , but it might Be obtained by washing the sand at the mouth of the cave.. I observed a greenstone dikp five to six feet wide to tho south of the cave, and the slates south of it bore 8. 30 W. dip N. W. 54°. Slates further aloi^ the shore to the north of the cave, are harder alid break out In Iqng square . blocks, some ten feet in length, which are used for underpinning the fouQ- dations of buildings. As these slates dip contrary to those at Salnion. River, the alteration most likely takes place where .the valley is. formed at Cap)9» St. Mary. . "^ > ^ ■ Dr; Webster gave me a piece of sto ne obtained^om tho Montengan shore t )m which the Mlc--Maq Indians used to^maKellieir itbhepipeii. It i "from peamto pipes. Xtap^ kind of lithographic stone ; hut.I GOuId noti discoyer.the seuii ./■ 22 NO]^ SCOTIA G01.D FIE^LDS. 4 h«Th'!Ji"f '* Y^ ^.'''" obtai;,ed., I vjas told^ that pieces of native^^ had be^n found during the summer at Newport, Brier Island on the oEdo Xylr^L'^t^an^,^^ ' ''^''' ^^^"-'^^ ^'^ -- -"'S "i^lC ,u\^'"^i^^'}}>' *"® '"^^'^ through Weymouth to Digbv, where I was tol,l that gold had be^en found in quartz on the old telegraph 'road over the hiU composed of slate near Digby Neck, which I would haievSd, but a snSw stonp came on and put a stop to all further explorations At the ferry across Bear River, which divides the counties of Diebv and i^nrt'; ^•;'"' '"^:'?''*' l^^*' «'«*«« ^^^^ '^ abundance, and gold SVeen no 3 'k?"/. W ''"' "'f *'* ^*'"" ^ passed,'so I could not see an^ th g • bu" o^ht bcaJSes" "^P^'^^'^*""'' ^^'^ l^^ -«d« - the spring at tHis aS.any 'I beg to hand in a list of the mineral and other specimens which I have collected ; also a Map of Nova Scotia, with the placS marked where 3 pX'^s report:"' ''' ""^ ' ''''"'. ''^'-^''^^ ''-^-^ "P- 't. to :ccC I have, &c. Samuel P. Fairbanks, Esq., Commr. Crown Land Department, Halifhs HENRY POOLE. \ List Of Geological Spccime^u eollected during »urve,,, u,ider orders from the Provincial Government, tn the western part of Nova Scotia, by Henry Poole, in 1861. Chester District. Carboniferous Limestone with Terebratula -pvaW C " i< ' „ ^ Bradshaw's Fiirm. ■^ " ■ ' Micaceous Gneiss Indian Point. Hornblena^ half inch vein in do. .!!!!...!.!]"". • " Granite boulder on summit i" _ Felspar vein . • <«•' ; ^--Aspotagon Hill. Clay Slate wiUi PvritesV. ■.■.■.■■. Aspotagon Cove, near Bridge. Ferruginous QuS^^vS ^^'^ ■■''■■'■'— ^^^^^ outside ;:f Cove. Prismatic Mica in Breccia o' ■•';;•. oP°'*g°" ^ove. Arenaceous Slate . . omith s Cellar, Chester. Prismatic Mica in do....!.!. .!..!..... -Eisenhaur's Hill. Ferruginous Quartz ],' Pipe Clay or Kaolin .!'. o ,, ^^ " , Manganese Bog Ore .....Sabbattee Lake. Clay Slate, witt small crystals of ■p!yritc8 r.ST*"'^'" ^fu"*^- Auriferous Quartz, fifteen inch vein :!!!!!!:!!!;::::;:::;!;;; ^'>^^^'''^'' north fide. „, , " with Arsenical Pyrites . « ., , Chlorite Slate ... ! „ south side. Micaceous Quartz ClaySlate with Pyrites ..'.V.V.V.'.V.'.'.'.'.V. Martin's River. , Auriferous Quartz !,' Lunenburg District. Hornblende u n i Slate with Quartz ...!.!!!!!!! Creek on oast side of town. Manganese ;V Waterman's Lake. QuarUCry8t!ai8V.V.V.V.V."' •^*"'' ^ " Arsenical Pyrites ' I-ong Island. ' Thin laminated Slate ... . _ . Pyritiferous Slate decomposed'.' t" ^^^°^ "'*°^- Auriferwia Quartz^ia do „ u'.;'Z.'''.''.'.Z!, --^""•""•••- „ ^^===^ Blate with Cubical Pyrites :_7. .7!^...... Ovena ■ " Moiriy'.oUijn. ■■■i'-ifVj, ■^•^'fciauiV. .j.->' '.,ii' ,'■.',! 1^&- j.'j.^*i; -.i!-i..,*.^. NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. 23 .Ovens. Arsenical Pyrites 1 „ Basaltic Trao six feet ^vide ^^^ ^^^ Arenacious ~ „ „ Auriferous Quartz „^ „ with Striae • , „ Quartz with Pyrites, vein five or six feet wide Gleverdon s 1 it Arenaceous Slate o - Vu-yVii" ^^^ '^P Slate with Stria) and Pyrites../. South head ot Rose Bay, near Cove. Slate and Pyrites • ...Cape Enrage. ■ " Creaser Ritchie's Cove. Micaceous Quartz '. , r" u i i mart, with Pvrites Feltskeppel. Quartz with Pyrites. Ferruginous Quartz Quartz with Pyrites. ^*i ' — '''"' BRIDcfewATER DISTRICT. Quartz with Pyrites Conrad's^ Farm, LaHaveRiver. Pyritiferous Slate _,, ,,., j , ^ " Arsenical Three Mile Lake. " with Azurite t. j i u- n*!! Quartz with Pyrites • •■'.-•"•••V^^'^^V ' „ ,1 . Indian Brook, New Germany. It it " and Slate txi... -n j " Talcose Slato - ^f^^'^°ff Mil Hard Slate with Steatite *;, Bold"'* " Mill Rafte. Mic!\ceous Quartz Grahite vein „ ti j Manganese Bog Ore ._ ^""l K®' j , , Talc^e Slate. BrachLake, Lapland. Quartz ridge seventeen feet with Pyrites •••• t i j Bog Iron 4e ' ....Searaans Farm, Lapland. Slate, with PyVites *•....' '■ ^t » -n ,ki;„ Grey Slate, and Quartz......... UpperDublin. Chloride Slate '. „ Quartzite White Quartz and Micaceous Blue Slate, gold-bearing « ■Vil nr-,, v;ii»~. Smoky Quaftz Manthorn, Mills Village. . Petite Rivere. - Liverpool District. Mica Schist...^.... Dipper Creek. .Side of road by Cove. White Quartz Reef. Ouartzite .-.Pudding Pan. ^ „ Beach meadow sward. Granitevein in do " Port Medwav Mica Slate -j, PortJVledway. Basalt Trap ^. „. t,. ,, „ Smoky Quartz, with Gossan ...Five River*^ near Big Fall. Pyritiferous Slate West side of Quartz ;; Quartz with Pvritts ,, „ with Scale Gold „ „ Ferruginous Quartz „ „ Bog Iron Ore Slate with concretions... • " much compreBBed. " Talcose Hornblendic Gneiss Bituminous Limestone . . . Sugary^ Quartz Trap Boulders -Graaite v«ift II Black Rock Point. iiij-U^Jcr Micaceous Gneiss. Quartzite '. MioaoMus Schist. Wkitt Qowtik .Inside of Black Rook. II II 11 M i^kj: ..A... 4\.. •.A,it'4t'„ lSHt»ui...4ijl?j'k^&«i*^J(^l 24 NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. { Grairite boulders, "Graphic" ' ' ' ~ Micaceous Schist • Inside of Black Kock. White Quartizite Granite , Chlorite Slate..." Chlorite Schist.. ...... ."'.'.".".'I""'. Gnei.ss ." Quartz and jPyrites Hornblender..". Quartz Ba.salticTrffp... .'.''.;"."■'.■■.;;' " Smoky Quartz, with plates of Mi'c Quartzite . . . . Broad Eiver, Wharf rock, ..White Point, three miles up. South of bridge. .Little Port Jolie. ■North Queen's Disthict. "ranito ,. Quartzite....- ,_ ;.' County Line, Porphyritic Granite.... Hidgo near Decomposed Granite t^'-, Cholrito Slat? Brook near Johnston's Quartz with Arsenicai Pyrites Green Quartz Auriferous Quartz..!.."."..' Quartz Eidgo twelve feeVwide'wUh Pyrites .'.■.'.■.■.■.■.■.■.■.■;;.■; '.'. Westfield. ■*?pi Pink colored Quartz Chlorite Slate with Copper Pyrites:.;:. TaIco.so Slate and Quartz.... ■ ., „ Quartz with Arsenical Pyrites "^^ ^- •^'*%> Northfield. Laminated Slate " " Quartz with Arsenical Pyrites"..";: ^^ ^^ " White Quartz " D. Kemoton, Harmony. Arenaceous Siate, 'liard and stronir Schoolhouse Soft Blue " ° " " Chlorite Slate with Pyrites and Gossan.". n^- , " rerruginous Quartz. •. Cameron s Swamp Caledonia. Chloride Slate We.st Branch, Brookfield. Limestone with Orthis and'Cornul'itos •' Cameron's Lake, " i.iraestone with Torebratula, Spirifei-;') "'*^* Bryden, Hibernia. 1 J- B. McLeod, Brookfield. T171 • r^ Stenojxjra and Spirorbis White Quartz BrecT''''"' ^'"^*' with Pyrites 'decomposed;;; ;;;;;;; Slate with cubes of Pyrites Quartz Ponhook. • " V^' y •;•,•■ •■ Ponhook. ...Greenfield, Port Medway River. SlIELBURNE Dl.STRICT ' Quartz in Gneiss Micaceous Schist ;;;; [ Tilley's Point, Port Herbert. "■ " with iie'd'ochre;;;;;; •■•• ," veined Quartzite .„ Compact " .... Harding's Point, " Quartz ;;;;;;;; "j " " Gneiss ;;; ■ W " " Araenical Pyrites.....'.....;.'. " " Quartzite, with Quartz veins ,i " " Micaceous Gfaeiss Dixie's Mountain, Jordan. " ; with garnets'; Jordan River, at Ferry. Granite ;. Quartz j ]][[ " " Quartzite... fl< ;;;;;;;; " " Granite ,v "■ McNutt'a Island. Graphic ;."; Stokes' Head, Gneiss " Micaceous Gneiss, garnets and cubes " Quarts (»h4 TdtttTnali White Quartz, six feet wide..; Quartz Rook Gneiss • Gunning Cove. .MoLlMn's Ptoint. NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. 2& ack Eock. harf rock. It bite Point. i miles up. of bridge. Port Jolie. It Westfield. .4i Drthfield. [armony. iledonin. ook field. it [ibernia. 3ok field. 'on hook, 'onhook. T River. [erbert. ordan. Ferry. sland. Head. Core. Ptoiut. Palls ■ west side of road, near fulls, at falls. Chloritic Gneiss McLean's Point. Basaltic Trap • ,, Quartz Crystals _ ., ^_ . , Quartzite Kails Point Hornblende in do < ^^ Green Quartz, six feet vein ■■■••■•.■■■ ., ., Garnets in Gneiss Shelburne Road, , four miles south. " , " Wharf Micaceous Gneiss r Granite vein i»f do , Granite with large Plates of Mica.; Quartz Quar tzi to : Basaltic Trap S. 30 W Granite •*• Quartz IJ '^''•' '^^^^ of Himeon Uill. Gneiss with fine Quartz.. one mile up river on East side. Quartz Rock twelve " " Gnei.s8Rock fifteen " Ohio Church " Quartzite fifteen '^'^ "^^ White Quartz in do " ' x> i Gneiss Rridge McGills Bridge Bog Iron Ore ■ ^^ ,^ Quartz Veins in Chlorite Slate ^^ Talcose Slate with Pyrites Indian Fields Honestone Whetstone Lake " with Pyrites " Granite three miles up river on West side. />, " " Quarto in Gneiss.!.!!!..!.!..! •• Thomas McKay, Welch Village. Granite • •- Chain of Lakes. Porphyritic Granite Barrens on Blue Mountains. White Quartz ]] ^, Gneiss " t. t i. " Beaver Lake. BARHiuaTON District. Quartz with Pyrites Seven miles up Clyde River. Quartz one and-a-half feet, in Gneiss ,.Lyle'8 Bridge ''^ " in Arenaceous Slate ^ " ^^ " with Mica and Felspar , " ^^ " with .Tourmaline Quartzite Mcbougali's Farm. Grand Puonico Lake. ....!!!!!!!!!!!! O"^ ™"^ ^^^^ "^ Bridge. Quartz withPyrites !!..!.! :. Clement's Pond, Barrington. Granite Vein •• Fresh Pond '| Felspar Vein „ „ Gneiss Cape Negro. Quartz and Mica ^^ Quartzite T"*m Magnesian Cubes in Gneiss Port La Tour. Quartz with Pyrites " Lighthouse. Bog Iron Ore •• ■• Gneiss -V Quartzite p. i "^ Quartz in Gneiss ^^ Felspar > ,, - Micaceous Gneiss, with plates •■■••• , ,, Fine Quartzite Hill one mile South of do. Chlorite Slate " ," " Granite Vein in Gneiss • t'^o -n . ■* Magnesian Nodules do '. Road side Upper Pubmoo. Q„^,g, _ Lower Pubnlco. Clyde Siate . . ............. OW Meeting House, Upper Fubnioo. White Quarti!!!!!!! rT. " ,vv " « • . Mica Gneiss Pubmoo Point. trtt Vein imlor rTTTTTTmrTTTT*- Quart! Vein Amwoibo Quarts Vein with Oryitala.... Qnartiito II M II II -11 « •u'>^UJ^t^'ilS}Is}., as XOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. ' m Arenaoeooa Slate... Slate for Underpinning 'ri^^'li:y"\"u'n Amercibo. Pubnico Pnt. Quart* F"'"«g Oneanda-bah mile north of Spinny's, Argyle. Spring's Field, " TusKET District. Quartzite Quartz with Arsenical' Pyrites • fVo,w" ' Z'J ""a"'C' ^^^^f Hardinp'a Inii. " with Lea,] ^^°sby, one and a-half mile from Tnsket. Quartzite '• ^ , „.,, . ," ., . " Chlorite Slate ' O^k H» eight miles Quartz in do. Kempville Road, " purewhito;::;.:::;;.:'' '■ HarnsonsFam, Quartzite ^ " " . ••; Near Temperance Lake. ' • ^ ear Carlton and Salmon Rivera. Yarmouth District. Hornbkndic GReiss";.;".:;;;;;;;''': ^^^"^ '^^f:^^ Deervalley, twelve miles to Yarmouth. Quartz Rock Actinolito , Chlorite ".' Gnei.sa Hornblende - » 1 Greenstone.... ' - " Chlorite Slate „ ,^ „" Trap Dike Hebron Corner Chlorite Slate"."'!''.'";;;; V,;;;- ., " , '< Milton side of Pond Quartz Ridge in d'o;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; .<.Kiiiam'8marf Hornblende .,., "„ Hornblende n-i.'-; MiJton Hill Quartzite "° '^^'^^ ^°^^> ^o™ Cemetery to Jebogne. Gneiss '.Z['.'.' '.'.'.. .'.'.'.Z '.'. « -f " Clay Slate, with Pyrites... t i. t, . " Quartz " Jebogue Point, " with Copper Pyrites..;...; ',[ Breccia. 8 8 8 7} on West Bide. Prian on walls of do ;;;;.; ■ Gneiss ; ;; Hornblende and Quartz „' Chlorite Slate and Quartz;;;; ; ,', Talcose Slate with Pyrites .' „ " Granitic vein... . " Cale Spar in Trap....;". _" " '. AsbestUB "wood" :....;..;; Cat Rock, Forchu Point. Garnets in Chlorite state. X ., " . " " in Gneiss, One mile South of Foot's Cove. Porphyry rounded stones.. ;;;;;;;;;;; ,'?''"' Garnets in Chlorite state... TJ„wi,".;j"'r i. " Hornblende ...;..;;;. Worth mde of ''^ Sugary Quartz vein .;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;' « .',' " " with Pyrites. ."."..'.'.'.".'.;,;,;;;■ .< .. ", Conglomerate « , ' Trap boulder...... ;;;;;;;". ■ Smoky Quartz.. Cranberry Head. Chlorite Slate ;;;;;;;;;;;;;"; Quartz and Felspar .........-* " Quartzite [_,]] " Chlorite Slate above 'Goldquartz.;;;;; 'r~nm 'p;*""i: n ,. 'L underlying " ^^atn/ot, above Cranberry Head. AuriferousQuartz, nine inches thick.; « ' ■Chlonte Slate, with Pyrites. „ Talcose Slate, with " in Quartz.:;;.';.;; Bawltio Trap underlying Gold Quartz " „ Clabe Djstbiot. Quartiite Avoura Head, St Mary's Bay. chiortu suu....;:;;;;;;:;;;'; ." , Avour'i H«ad, St. Maiy's Ba^. #^ NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS, ^ Z, , . r,, . -.u n ^ Avour's Head, St. Mary's Bay. Chlorite Slate with Garneta.........' • Avoar's Cove Talcose Slate Quartz and Pyrites "Head, St Mary's Bay. Trap « " " Gneiss ■ u ugh the Western Counties a.id-h.hl^^^^ lo him, according to your instructions given to me on the 3rd February. I am glad to find Uiat he confirms my opinion that there .s copper at Gey- «er'sHilf Halifax, and Chebogue, althougfi only in a very small per centag^ 7s 1 may induceW.es to explore in depth, as copper is not usually a 6ur£.ce me4l and I wou^d suggest that Professor How's Report should be attached to Se end of% Report, L that the information it contains should be made ^ public as possible. 'lhave,&c HENRY POOLE. Tlie Honble. Joseph Howe, &c, &c., &c., Halilax. King's College, February 25(A, 1862. Dear Sib, — Herewith I send you rav Report I wish the specimens had turned out rich SppeTore;or something equafiy valuable ; but still it is something gamed *°irniS;Vrr,";«7«?:7w:«^^^ found he. with gold. The two loctS al'r^ding t'lices of ooppe. might give <=«??«; °X"J:;?t'ap^e of n.0 mnffnesian cubes wou d be worth looking aOer m the rock, as a piece oi «5iStific enqu y I have merely stated the facts of qualitative composition m my Re^r t Tdid not think it necessary to imike any quantitative analyses "iLv'e's^lTar^ou" I do not know if it is in proper form ; if not ple«,e let me k«rw and^: I should send it-if not th~"8jiyo". "f^t^^^S J hone your researohes will be conUnued ; I am convinced there «^ f?°.*J"^ in the remote places or somewhere, or else how can you account tor these boulde™ of cop^P^Snd inagnesian, and hematite, found m various ola^ea. ' You rt ixvl fy , / B. Pmi^ Ki^ HENRY HOW. -1 ■'■■'■' U L ■11 . $«, J 1 tM^ilil !ilH J^mt. UdfuJ^4 A' JrOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. Kinf3 College, Windsor, m DEAR SiB,~ > , ^^*''"«'y 25^^, 1862. •an,! wT ^""i'"^'^ ^.t*" minerals received from you on the 7th instant, ten in number, from different localities, as follows :_ No. 1. Geyser's Hill, Halifax, 2. Tuskot, above village. \, , . 3. Jebogue. \ 4. Point LaTour. ', ,. 6. Upjier Pubnico, roadside. ■ ^* ^<^Pt^r's Hill, decomposed Magnesia. /. Rose Biiy, Lunenburg. 8. Cross Island, Lunenburg! -1 9. Fire Cove, Lunenburg. 10. Juhn Early, Hillsborough. T,w' ^' f-*'^*'^ ^"^ ^ Magnetic Iron Pyrites, composed of iron and sul- tfcr ?i"^\* W '"'^" ^""""^>' «^ ^"^PP^"-. "ot amounting to more ■ ^^"^ ^""^ ^/ t^»-tenthg per cent., I should consider. ° -No. 2. Arsenical Pyrites. pef i No^r'"''" ^''''° ^^'"*^'' «°"*"^"'"g *^«»t the sa"e quantity of cop- -n?*!;!*" ^^® "magnesian mineral" proved to consist essentially of silica and alumina, with a Jittle iron and a very small qua'ntity of ma-nesra llZ -Jk •'«"«tVtr"*1 «"^ f^"^"' properties of thid hii„«ra( I crsTder ?t to be either weathered andalusite, or some species closely allied to ?t Th« tion were found to contam scales of nuca7\nder these circumstances a quantitative analysis would not be satisfactory. ^-Jrtumsiances a iVo. 5. This mineral gave the same constituents as tlie last with how ever, a good deal more iron and rather more magnesia, andrdS Se tleT'x! r3i;%Tef '"'? *" '\' interior, bul; like^^n.t=l w^ X erea externa ly. W hen ground on a tine grindstone across the leneth of iiS,T*r' • t''^''^ »^"'""'^^'>'. '^« ^'^'^r««^t«^ •'^" andalusite. Its actuafCd: ness in the interior was superior to that of quarfz ; I should refer it to the species andalusite or .^taurotido. , i ' "'" ^'^^'^^ ^^ lo t»e No. 6. I considered to bo a specimen of Chiastolite Slate. and found in*";; on?'' 1 ^r^'"^'' ^^'" Lunenburg I examined last summer, ana Tound m it only sulphur, arsenic and iron. sion and fo.iTr'f "'^ ""'*'' ''' '•""'"''"'■' ? "-'*'"'"«'' «" ^^e present occa. sion, and tound it to be common iron pyrites. I searched esn^ciallv for ^' yM'/^P''' "^^^^^^ and. nickel, and coisider them pract cullyTbs^^^^^^^ orpd,?ffi •"''?! '" .operating on a quantity of the substance usually cons d th! nn? '"'^ ^'''^ ^''?^"''*^ «f "'« P«-«sence of. these metals in any but the most minute proportions. ^ ^ No. 8. This proved to be common Iron Pyritosi. xt"" ,;. ^"^'"ded Arsenical Pyrites and common Pyrites. r\t^}hXT''^ ^l ^ ^•lil" Iron Pyrites, consisting, like common py- rites, of sulphur and iron. The observation made with reference to No 7 a,pp hes to the last three also. Antimony is another metal wlS was par- ticularlv looked after, but not found in any case. ^ 1 did not examine any of the spfecimens for Gold, partly because I did not understand you wished me to do so, and partly because the quantit is riJS ^^ T'" ^ ^'P * satisfactory result, unless there haprned to be rathera large amount present. . "»i'pe»eu lo I am, dear Sir, TrourBTniIy7 H. Poole, Esq., Halifax. HENRY HOW. r4l' ■K. f NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. MR. CAMPBELL'S REPORT. id vice, was occupied in a ?i«trict Ijing bouUi "^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ st. Mary^ S-ii^riit^^ S^cSJlS^CS,^^!^. an area o. about ajix) ^^SS;^o of the district is. n^^^^^^ phosed, cond^iing of Clay Sla e ^^'^^^ *'; ^'^^^^.^ ,^^ as to posses the interspersed with patches pi rock ^^^^ i» ^„,l sharp, angular ^rue granitic character. ./^""'^^^./JJ^iiUeified rocks, encumber extensive masses from the ^^^^^tzite ami c^her s h^^^^^^^^ appearance.. The strata tracts of the country, gJ^'^'^^/^'^JLYft; in passing over the district, I hnd appear to have.been l^'^^'^^^'^": ^^ bed Sections across the district at a repetition instead ot a s«^«^««*"" ^* ^^''^ent to be a succession ot lines ot different points, show the general ™£'^^^">^^^^^^ bands dip alternately elevation and lines of depression 1 he strata in^^^^^^^^^^^ .^ ^^^^-^ of Northward and Southward at l^-gj' ^^^^ Sding and the planes ot slaty elevation, or anticlinal axes Ji\X^^^^^^^ 87° W.,in tbe West- cleavage have 'l.gf'J^t ' eS° E «U^s Easfern end ; but the strike o the :nrrgltar £.^=1? -^-5 4 ^ut sometimes m their dip only- , 1 f M,« whole of this district are cut by divisional T'he strata throughout tl^«J\'"*;^ ^JV^nh and South. These planes are planes, in the direction, >"«[ « «/J«^«;^"„* We blocks or joints. Quartz veins generally vertical., and «"\ 'f J^^^AftJle o? no gold has been found in hem Uuently occur in. ^ ^«^Vh" IdSeari^^^^^^ the planes o bedding S K^S^;rsSStd S: SJSlJwheif passing from one plane of bedding to another, which often «%"• . -^.^ „,„^ ^e seen veins and lodes of quartz In almost cvei7 part ot the d«triam^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ numerous from a few lines to several teet '" * "f f "^/'',; ^i„„ the lines that appear to ■ anThave their finest developement in ^«ml« «;«"f^ ,^„„^,, ,, iine« of ele- be lines of elevat.on .^J^^^ '^FJ^.'^'^oJ'hirtv miles in breadth. They run vntion Ivingw thlnabclttwent\-n^eo^um Ligcomb Harbor, weat- ily parallel with the general ^^'J^ .^^"^f/ ^J'^Uburg^^ «f 130 Sdfy as far as the Ovens, in f^^^HurL to White Haven-a distance mile^and Eastwardly froin Liscomb n»jb«r to VVUU ^^^.^^ ^^^^ S fortvmiles-within which ^7 ^^^vXese banJ«, arched or folded strata At several points in the l^^^^^^^^l^^^^ ^^^ their' being lines of eleva ion are to be seen ; .which is ««»«'r;«£n^^ elevation, is defined by bands of rat^rrerrveltil^irh^^^itbeir angles of dip decreasing both t« nK^^^SpSr^t^i^n^ or folded strata in their axes. „iJ« ^_^J\jrei«hty-five miles apart; y«fc W that lies nearest ^o. the «ea shore, "l^d a^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^j,t t So material difference >« ^^^^J^^^.V^ H^^^^^^^ pointa. Th« mines opened at l«««\«^fj*^ j^ the fourth from the sea '' -i -4*^'iSi» l'ii\ NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. ^t^^S:^^^::'''::;^ L™;'' V*^ sea «].oreavo also easily identified apart; for there a e some eoae"-^^^ f« ^'^'h*/ "'^1^3 ily recognized tim^^■horo hyTlE!^? ^^^^^ '" *'",' ^""^ ^liat may Be read- the appearance of gHtfv carbonSn, .1 1^'^^' ^n '"'","•" *^^"* SH'^^ t^em seashore can be icffieTariw * ".'"^ ^''"'^ fr«™ "^e Gold has been obtained f.-inrhsTanS-'^afst't ^'t^'^l ^'''''''^ «^''«^»- Tangier Diggings and oTfL S„, n' '" '•'^''^ ^^*'"«8' «fc the old Thc^tifth baTd tVon e sou .1 ore closs- r'''; '»*''« P-'^^ton Settlement, near Scott's Mills w ere tho ,/r!fl ^*'""*''-y ^^''■^«'' ** the Narrows, thoseoftheotl ?ba dl butasHl".:"' "V^'-«/«'^<>«, ''"^^V ^''•^'•- ^"^^^^ ^'i^'initv here eve^n but a few n-ules awav f'om it "^ ' ^^"t.tying them at other points, containing less talc aii.l i ,?• r H,! I Country Harbor Narrows, but on a si.xtl. band,Vh h Ko LreasortoTS i''"« '"^.v however be ern margin of the carboniWm,« .. b fi ? ." '"""'* ^^'^^^ to the south- theirlintof contaS'^uulS^^^^^^^^^^^^^ '^'' «'^'«'- ^'•""P «lo"g stratification, it is not u'like W tl^^ f^^ uncdnformable in their for some distance north ' '" '"'""'''" their auriferous character wS^mi^ri:!^;^^^^^ those ■ Harbor I observed several noin s «W .» i ^^ ''''^^ *''''''■ "^"^ ^^^"^^ placer washings. I f^nc/ S at "*' T^'^' T*"'^ '^^ '"^de at from Lawrencetown Hrbor^towhero^t ,%''*'' '^'"7 ^^^^ «'hole distance Harbor, between C1n,W am Can% anTpor^ cC^'"' ^T^ ''''^'' I^«^'f«-^ point that I washed -old from tLTnl f^'^V '""'';• ^* '''"« «t the latter which, I have rea.so„?o tie;" *i^^^^^^^ in the yearl857, The large quantity of goh fo „d "'^^'-fS"'^ discovered in the Province! and Fort Cla.'ence is a su^re ndSt on ot^ f ] ''V'-'7' ^'^T^-^ ^""^^ ^^^'^^^ in this part of the band. Tl erTfs anothet li^^ "''' ''"''■^" ^'"'"^ the surface indications are of a vpL ^v ^ point on the same band where ward from JeddorriSor to 5hirw''!"^ character; it e.vtends east- Broken quartz is pTentiSlv dSribZuh^n ''k'Tf '^'''r'' °^ *«" >"''««• were obtained from waTin^s atTnS "??'' *''^ '"''' «nfl traces of gold west from Ship IlXr /orlmeXHn;!! 'Y ^T.*-''""^'' .«'^""* «^^« "">«« well covered with drift-ohi/flr !^ ('"stan ce along this section the rock is near (he Harbor ot-J.S^^«L"S;c>c^'r ^'''1'''' "'-*- and so that the whole of the tract can Ipp-'u/, '^ "^^'^'^ '« •^"t slightly covered, valuable discoveries maVl^'eoJLirnh- ^evpeeted^ "'""' ^"*'^'^'^^"' "''* T.VXGIEn GOLD MIXKS. go&a:;^;:;'S';£ X- ^ IJ;;,^^- at tl. time of my visit to this loft the works, because no adecTrnte m^IhJZln''"''^'^ l"'"'"^^ '"'^' the pits free from water. A ureat m^n v 1 v > i P^^\M for keeping in quarrying quartz in open ^Ss o?Kr rdHvr''"; '*" ""^^^^ ' «*^'"" ' sinking deep s'hafts, pre,lratc,rv to ov mSv"o, "2 '"^^ principles. I ob.served much here to S„r^Tt 'e ^"^^ '»!" "-^' »vill prove very successful • Jnrl«r..i „n *i "^ • ^ that deep mining this ;,lace «np?ortsTis opi id mtv'E^^^^^^ Intherto acquired a't this and other parts of the list, i.tvl^??!^- •"r""'"';"* a^ observable in great a-depth io.n t o urWe ,^t deSd Jio^^^^ "'"* '\' ^"'^ ^'''' *' «« ^ cept in very few places Fmn. X„.,r u**"^ scarcely reached it, ex, ^ if twenty or thirtylS 'lesVof the rXr^'ll'''''" '' ""'T ^^^^''^blte that scarcely a trace of gold would anlarntH^^ '"'"^'^^'^l ^^ denudation \ NOVA SCOTIA GOLD FIELDS. 31 ^ flinty slf-r %:J;" S^S^e^^ ^ thoil dip, somctiinos m wavlnR uml "8-^».8 ','"lr,,,„„ „c nlso some larger SneS, being from one ;;;„"'"«i,;Ve TX^i' *"«' "»' ""^1:°'"^ 'Iw •-f :f rnS .iL°of t S'U^ i,u1.; *at „>«ny more ,„., b« found. WINK COVE OOLD MINES. The .«., on .„i<* 'k-Ef-^';:rts,'Srit:fe^^^ - this band throughout its ^"tire ItugtU^ nni 1^,,^^^,, ^i planes utcd through it for nearly .'^^ ^^^ " ^.JX in beds of tinely laminated of bedding with great regu ar ty, ^^"^'T^'-tv, .Vness from a few inches » blS gr^y Bhal{. These beds var>^ m 1' ^Sfied with thick beded to as much as three or f""^/*^^;,^ is great advantage to the miner in quartzite and gray slaty bands ^^^^^ !^%^|X, sufficiently thick to afford finding quartz veins in bands ot this son ^uu ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ j. room for working, without having to rcmo e any ^^. ?orm the walls. The run or lead irom ^hlch ne^^^^^^ ^^.»^ ^^^^^ fe^t Talned at Wine Cove was taken is of Uus c^ter ^^^^ ^^^ ^^ thick and quite soft, and contains ti\o venis h j^ ^^^^ ^^^ ig^d „ hes in thickness, and •j^^'-^y f^f/.'l^tnc e'r/et ^covered in the Pro- is the easiest worked, and probably ^je n^hest y ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^ vince. It contains a large q"'^"**^. Leater ouantity of gdld would have I most impalpable dust. ^ much greater qu^^^^^^ been obtained from this run, ^^^'^^J'/^^i^^^^^tSepit^. first opened on it. This in tracing it eastward and westwad^^^^^^^^^ ^^^V^.^^ ^^ the strata ; difficulty was caused by ^^^'^^fS'^.^.^e opened along its supposed course, for although a large number «f P^*^'\f ^.^fp^rtly owing to the difficulty of vet none succeeded in ftnding it. /^is wasjari y p ^^.^^^^ ^^^^ ^ letting the true strike bf the stra a ^^ knowledge of furbed condition but f "efly/^^.l^flj. ^'Zrl\ strike of the rock had been the real nature of the trouble It the 8^"^^^ ^^,„ i^jd down m such • first ascertained, the couree of the lun mm ^^^^^y of finding it. a manner that shafts ^""^'i ,b«J""t"ea from low to high ground- ^hey are W hen some of these runs ^^f^ /^^f ^^^e ; 1)ut if their course is still found to run out, or disappear at the svn^^^^^^^^ ^^ the same followed towards low gT«""J' f ^^ "fit In this district many instances elevation as that at which they were losi^ ii ^^^^^ ^^^^ y^^^^ gvi- ot' iko character may be observed and no doubt tueyp^.^^ ^^^ auriferous dence that denudation has but t^,«.«h«i^*;X "f this country. Hence the ve?ns are most largely developed in the ocks of tUis J^^^ jt valueless explorer, on discovering a vein "^^^^'^^o surface, neither should }ie pro- froin the fact of its shewing ^^gl^'f .^^^m the "act of finding no qiiartz at nounce any portion of ."J.^"" ^^^^ J'^"™^ trial by deep sinking, ^^^f.^l^ the surface •. indeed, withou a thorough i /^^^„^„„ed -as wor Mess. run, containing m>"»«"^.'"«^it.?nAne so little to expose the gold de- From the fact of denudation h«> '«g do"«;^^^^ ^.hen the rich placer wash- posits of thi«<=«'?«t'-y;»i\\r«unha^^^^^^^^^ exhausted, the rocks of .^SrTrT^lJn to Wievo that Quartz veinynde^^^^^^^ __,,|;^e in some wn, u.^^^ moreUiaup^ \ each other in the relation J "««*;?! P„"^ ^or is this the only vem here «> the eastward and westward, *;^X bin founSon thifban^ four miles, ^ dinftry value; indeed gold has •J^eady b^n lou ^ „s^ „ be c^ned the eastward of these diggings, but n«7%X other points at which gold has , , • on there until the return of ^P-^^^K- , J^f/Sgier MiSes. and a locahty on the be^ discovered on this W,ai^, the oW^^ oW««'*y of" visiting v Son River, in the P^^^/J"" „^^teheve, when properly explored, they may g those places, but there is reason *« J^«;^*;;„ny Imagined. be found of greater importance than is genera jr e ^ ^ ISAAC HARBOR OOU) MINR3. 1 «„ i\^^ fourth metalifei-ous band, previously These mines, have been opened on the fourtlim ^^ gherbrioke band, noticed ; it lies between ^«"Xw'8 Fam Mine^ on the Truro road eastwardly, and may be traced from Laidlaw s ^^T™ "^"V "* distance of over one hundred to N^w Harbor in the County of 9"y«^3Vater where some gold has been SiSr It crosses the St Mary's I^Y" "f^^t^ljf jr^ seen along it? course Its found on it, and large quantities of quartz «e ^° d between Country Harbor Sa also form the southern head of ^enm^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ j^ It and Isaac Harbor, where it appears in "^J^aliferous bands, its strata being SSe«Tmewhat in structure f^^i*^^;'*;;!^^^^^ principal fold bein| --r,.««iflil into a succession of narrow parau«i i ', jt. been commenced. Z tf o Sie i^rth, and that in which ^^im, if the p^^^^^^^^ of bedding of ^e quartz veins or lodes, are arranged ^^^^^^^.^ i„ Went directions, ie iched strata, and are fr^q^^^gy^^^J each side of the axis. Some are and traverse from one plane to another, on ea the line of strike J^nged in the planes sb a series of bars or no^ Connected by thin lamina of Suartz. iameter ^ SV"^«'t-4S^£^SL^««*g two o[ *