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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthcde. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 L-S / HISTORY 07 UJ Hi z < 'i . liJ D 1 I J 10 i I J < 2 q: II r Z z a: lij h 0) < UJ i C A S TI NE, PENOBSCOT, AND BROOKSVILLE, 3VIi?LlIsrE: ; IlfCLUDING THE AXCIENT SETTLEMENT OV "^eniaQOci ; BY pers and in works not easily obtainable, or that are not of an historical character, and which, though well worth publication, could not conveniently, or with propriety, be inserted in either of the other parts. A copious Index is also appended. Part I, I'clating, as it does, to the early settlement and occupation of the eastern portion of the State, will, I trust, be found of general interest by all citizens of Maine, who may chance to peruse it. Had my means been more abundant, and my leisure greater, there is no doubt but that, out of musty manuscripts and almost forgotten volumes scattered through the libraries of this country and of lOurope, I might have gathered many additional facts of minor interest and value. I lay claim, however, to no other merit than that of having produced a useful and trust- worthy compilation from the various historical publications to which refer- ence is m.ide in the accompanying list of authorities, and from such other documentary sources as were accessible to me, — and I shall deem it no dis- credit to have it said of me, in the language of Tuapdles, that '• I am no bad compiler, but I have no invention at all" The photographs of Castine village, from which the illustrations were printed, were taken by Mr. A. II. Fplsom, of Roxbury, Massachusetts, and are considered to be, on the whole, excellent ones. The view of the Village from the harbor is so distant that it was found impossible to obtain, on so small a scale, a perfectly distinct negative. The sketch of the landing place of the Amei'icans, and the map of Castine, Penobscot and Brooksville, were drawn especially for this book, by Mr. W. C. Ilodgkins, of Cambridge, Massachusetts. They are very creditable to the artist, and the view of the western shore is the first that has ever been taken. The map is a copy of Desbarre's— with some corrections and additions. The heliotypes are printed by James R. Osgood & Co., of Boston, and are very good specimens of this kind of illustration. They certainly compare favorably with the photographs from which they were taken. The wood-cut of William Hutchings, was electrotyped expressly for this work. The other porti aits were furnished me by the friends of the parties whom they represent. The diflerences in them, IV as to excellenco, arc due solely to the character of the original negatives, and not at all to the licliotypc proccHS. The; wood-cut of the Normal School IIoiiHC was kindly loaned by the State authorities. The wood-cuts of tlic Forts were made by an amateur engraver of this town, and are his first attenii)ts. I am, with regret, obliged to omit the valuable and well-executed riun of Iho Cemetery, prepared by Mr. Alfrexeeutcd town. The I reduced to hoperi, how- in in a more work, I take ive received >ut it aflfords . Aloxundcr i lie has fur- i, of Helfast, my valuable ccupution of intended for riiornton, of 1 documents , 1)., Samuel [I. Witherle, , and Philip \ to the pub- ?.r, — the late light degree somewhat at all times them. Had ent through he task had niefit such a perusal of its children elf ''to the my abode, this book any acts of ; and inter- respect. A. W- LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. Acadic — Murdock'8. Acadie — AVhipple's. Account of Capture of Castlne — Sherbrook. Account of Centennial Celebration at Bungor, Maine. Ancient Dominions of Maine — Sewall. Annals of Warren — Eaton. America; or Description of New World— Ogilby. Belknap's Biography. British Plutarch. Boston Journal, November, 1850. Biographical Skct(!hes of Loyalists of the American llevohition— Sabine. Castine Newspapers, Files of Champliiin's Voyages. Courts and Lawyers of Maine— Willis. Collections ofMiiine Historical Society. Collections of Mass. Historical Society. Da Costa's Mount Desert. Drake's Book of the Indians. Drake's Dictionary of American Biog. Dwight's Travels. Early Settlement of Acadia by the Dutch— De Peyster, Farmer's Almanac, 1795 — Robert B. Thomas. Field Book of the Revolution-Lossing. Field Book of the War of 1812-Lossing. Geological Survey of Maine— Jackson. History— Botta's, History of Camden — Eaton. History of Hancock Lodge, F. & A. M. Webster. History of Maine— Sullivan. History of Maine — Williamson. History of Mass. — Hutchinson. History of the Navy — Peterson. History of Newbury — Coffin. History of New England — Coolldge and Manstield. Historv(Ge()graphlcal) of Nova Scotia. London, 1749. History of Plymouth Colony-Bradford. History of Portland — Willis. History of Thomaston, So. Thomaston, and Rockland— Eaton. Plistory of Virginia — Smith. Historical Magazine. Incidents in the Life of Samuel A. Whitney. Journal of the Revolutionary War — Thatcher. Journal of the Siege of Penobscot— Calef. La Hontan's Voyages. Life and Writings of Washington — Appendix 3 — Sparks. Maine Register, 1874. Memorials of English and French Conimissaries',concerning the Lim- its of Nova Scotia or Acadia, New France — Charlevoix. Niles's Weekly Registci, 1814-15. Pennsvlvanla Journal, 1775. Providence Patriot, 1815. Remarks upon a Copper Plato — Read before the Am. Antiq. Soc. by Charles Folsom, Esq. Reports of Adjutant General of Maine, 18«1, 18G(). Statistical Views of Maine— Greenleaf. State Papers — Hutchinson. The Dutch at North Pole and in Mahie, D(! Peyster. The Neutral French. Wintlirop's Journal. Wisdom and Policy of the French — London, 1704. IN MANUSCRIPT. [In State Department at Boston.] Governor Pownal's Speech. Letter to Governor Hancock, 1784, bv Mr. CcLb. Letter to the Executive, 1811, by Judge Parker. Documents collected in France, by B. Perley Poore. Massachusetts Letter Book. Massachusetts Records, A'ols.l to 17. Penobscot Expedit'n, Vol. in lejjardto VI [In possession of Joseph Willimnson, Esq.l Account of Burtou'8 oscupo from Fort Ocorgc. Castlne— Church Records of First Parish Churcli Kecords of First Trinitarian Church. Custom House Records. District School Records. Redhead's Journal of the Sicpo of Penobscot. [Miscellaneous.] History of Methodism in Castino. lotcrs' Field Notes of Survey Penobscot. Records of Castine Light Infantry. Reports of School Committees, lown Records. Sundry Letters and Memoranda. of I pnper. of Castlne— n Castino. )t Survey of tii CONTENTS. PART I. PENTAGOET. Chap. I. Early Explouations and SicTrLEMENTS. Chap. II. Occupatiox jiy tuk Fiiench. Chap. IIL Hakon" Castix and Family. Chap. IV. Piiknc!i Occupation from mil to ITM. Chap. V. "War ok Kicvolutiox— American KxpEDrnojf. Chap. VI. War ov 11e\'olution— American Defeat. PART II. Chap. I Chap. II. Chap. III. Chap. IV. Chap. v.. Chap. VI. Chap. A^I. Chap. VIII. Chap. IX. Chap. X. Chap. XI. Chap. XII. CASTINE, PEX0i3SC0T AND BROOKSVILLE. Topography, jSTatural History, Climatology, Ac. Municipal Historv ok Penorscot. Municipal History ok Castixe. General and Social History ok Castine. Ecclesiastical History. Educational History ok Castixe. Military History— Sxxce Ixcorporation oe Penob.^cot. Commercial History ok Castine. Ancient Buildings, Forts, Batteries, &c. Biographical Sketches. Municipal History ok Brooksville. Present and Future of the three Towns. PART III. Sectiox I. Sec. II. Sec. III. 8 EC. IV. DOCUMENTARY. Documi:nt3 Relatixgto the Ante-Revolutioxaisy Period. Documents Relating to the Revolutionary Period. Documents Relating to the Municipal Period. Appendix. PART I. PENTAGOET. ' One's henrt felt sorrow that it had evei been destroyed." Pownal, ' :i I i i ' iHl PENTAGOET. CHAPTER I. SlTTJATION AND TERRITORIAL LiMITS. — ABORIGINAL IN- HABITANTS. — Advent of Euroieans. — Early Ex- plorations. — Meaning op the Names applied to Localities. — Settlement by Plymouth Colony. — Pillaged by the French. — Attack by Aulney. Ancient Pentagoet, situated upon the eastern side of Penobscot Lay and river, may be said to have embraced the territory now comprised iu the three towns of Penob- scot, Brooksville and Castine. It composed a part of the ancient land of the Etchemins, and was occupied, before the advent of Europeans, by the numerous and powerful tribe of Tarratines, — as the Penobscot Indians were then galled. The Tarratines are described as of elegant stature and of agreeable form. They are said to have been as tall as the Europeans, and much better proportioned. After the arrival of the Europeans, they, like all other Indian tribes, adopted the vices more than they did the virtues of the white men. They have generally, however, been repre- sented as chaste, constant in marriage, and as much more peaceable than the other tribes. It has been said of them , "that no other eastern tribe had treated the E' glish with so much forbearance and honor," and this too, though their sympathies and predilections must doubtless have been for the French. On more than one occasion during the period of the Indian troubles iu New England, they expressed themselves earnestly for peace, and in at least one war against them, our own people must have been the first aggressors. Owing to the labors and teachings of Father Lauvergat — who was a missionary to them about the year 1721 — and of other priests, they were converted to the 3 ^w 14 PENTAGoET. :. ;!r, Catholic fiiitli. They became ultimately the wards of the State, and were limited, territorially, to the islands at Old- town and in the river above, about the year 1796. Note- woi'thy amonpr their chieftains was MadoekaAvando, both on account of his disposition and personal character, and on account of the iniluence lie exerted over other sachems, and more especially for having' been the father-in-law of the Baron de St. Castin. All historians agree, that, thoiTgh brave, he was peaceably inclined, and tliat the prisoners under his keeping were remarkably avpII treated. He assisted Pontneuf at the capture of Casco Fort, in May, 1690. He was also in the attack upon Wells, in 1692. In 1694, he went with Villieu to the attack at Oyster river Piscataqua, accompanied by two hundred and fifty Indians They killed or captured nearly one hundred prisoners, and burned twenty houses. In 1786, an attempt was made to l^rove, by a deed to which his signature was appended, that he was not a sachem of the Penobscots. The weight of evidence is, hoAvever, the other way. He died in 1697, and was succeeded by Wenamouet, or Wenaggonet. Orono, who is ropiesented as being a man of very exemplary char- acter, and who is reputed to have been a son of the Baron de St. Castin, was also at one time a sacheirr of the tribe. The town of Orono, in Penobscot County, coirr- ii^emorates his name. The eastern section of Maine, Avas one of the first por- tions of the continent visited by the early explorers. Penobscot bay and river Avill be found quite particularly, though very curiously, delineated upon all the envly charts. It Avent by the various names of Agoucy, Norirmbegue, Bio Orande (the Great River), Rio Hermoso (the Beauti- ful River), Rio de las Ganias (Deer River), Rio de Gomez (River of Gomez), and Rio Santa Maria. Its apj^ellation of Penobscot Avas giv^en on account of its rocky shores — penops, in the Indian dialect signifying rocky, and auk, place. [Williamson 1, p. 512.] The meaning of the term PentagiJet, called by the Dutch Pountegouycet [De Peyster, Dutch in Maine, p. 78], applied originally to the peninsula of Majabagaduce by the French, is not known Avith abso- lute certainty. Dr. J. H. Trumbull, however, is inclined to the opinion that it means " the entrance of the river." He has no doubt of its being an Indian name handed doAvn through the French. The arm of the sea Avliich runs up into the town of Penobscot, betAveen Brooksville and 'i ' :, v\ n( BJ Ml it it' PENTAGoET. 15 ards of the lids at Old- liJG, Note- raiido, both iiHcter, and er saclioms, i-law of the uit, though e prisoners jated. He )it, in May, 1 1692. in yster river, fty Indians, soners, and /as made to ended, that e Aveight of 11 1607, and it. Grono, iplar}^ char- son of the hem of the' uiity, com- e first por- explorers. irticularly, irly cliarts. umhegue, le Beauti- de Gomez )penation sliores — and auky '. the term e Peyster, peninsvihi ith abso- nelined to ver." He ed down h runs up ville and Castlne, and which divided ancient Pcntagoet into two nearly equal parts, and wliich now goes by the name of Bagaduee river, was in former times called by the name of Matchebiguatus. Althougli undoubtedly an Indian name, it is somewhat singular that no reference can be found to it earlier tliaii the year 1644, [Winthrop's Journal, Vol. 1, p. 220, note], and that no such name is to be found in any of the English or French documents relating to the Castin family, or to Pentagiiet. This name has suffered very singular corruption, unless, as is possible though not very probable, two separate and distinct Indian appellations have been confounded. In 1760, it was called liaggadoose ; during tlie Revolution, Maja-bagaduce and Maja-bigaduce. [Me. Hi^t. Col., Vol. VT, Art. Castine Coins.] Williamson says in his History of Maine, [Vol. 1, p. 71,] that it was named for a French officer by the name of Major Higayduce. He says subsequently, however, that it is derived from Marche-bagaduce, an Indian Avord meaning " No good cove." Eaton says, also, that it means " A bad harbor." [Annah of Warren, p. 20, note.] A tradition exists, amongst some of the Penobscot Indians, that the upsetting of a canoe full of Indians, at some remote period, caused ' great sorrow and distress, and hence the Avord is thought by some to signify " a place of sorroAV." Jacob INIcGaw, Esq., of Bangor, has stated that it Avas said by some of the old Indians, to mean '* a river having large coves or bays." A Penobscot Indian told Mr. Alexander W. Longfellow, in the summer of 1872, that it Avas called by them, Ka-bag- a-duce, the meaning of Avhich is, " your daughter is iloated out by the tide." Mr. LongfelloAV also informs us that he has somewhere seen a reference to an Indian of the Kenne- bec tribe Avho Avas called Bagadusett. Doctor J. H. Trumbull, of Connecticut, — reputed to be the ablest li\'ing student of the Indian dialects — says, in a letter to the au- thor: — "That the original name Avas something like Matsi- abagaAvadoos-et, (Matsi-anbaga 8 atf the fort, ylor's De- :?land and 3 treaty of S, another of Acadia *enobscot, given up d Walker ert d'An- Deed of iccording were left all their his place e of de- long the Stran- tie king, ho were of alle- iers de- aine, at iMents, s ,1 CHAPTER III. Arrival op the Baron Castin. — His previous Life. His CharAk^xer. — Description of his Residence. — His Marriage to Madockawando's Daughter. — His Family. — Description of Madame Castin. — His Submission to the English. — Departure fob France. — Account of his Sons, Anselm and Joseph Dabadis. — Departure op Anselm for France. — Death of the Baron. — Latest account OF the Family. • ♦ * * One whose bearded cheek And white and wrinkled brow bespeak A wanderer from the sliores of France. A few long locks of scattering snow Beneatli a battered morion flow, And from the rivets of his vest. Which girds in steel his ample breast, The slanted sunbeams glance. In the harsh outlines of his face Passion and sin have left their trace: Yet, save worn brow and thin grey hair, No signs of weary age are tliere. His step is firm, his eye is keen, Nor years in oroil and battle spent, Nor toil, nor wounds, nor pain, had bent The lordly frame of old Castine. Whittier.—Mogg Megone. 1667. About the time of the treaty of Breda, Baron Jean Vincent de St. Castin,* came from Quebec to Penob- scot. The Baron Castin was born at Oldron, France, — a town situated near the borders of the Pyrenees. He is represented as a man of good abilities, very dating and en- terprising, of very fascinating address and manners, and as possessing a competent education. He was liberal and kindly in his feelings, but a devout Catholic in his religion. He probably possessed a fair knowledge of the military arts of that period. He was at one time a colonel in the king's body guard. He was afterwards commander of a regi- ment called the " CarignanSali^res." About the year 1665, he and his troops were ordered to Quebec. At the close of the war (1667), they were discharged from the army. It is reasonable to suppose that he would feel chagrined and incensed at his dismissal. However this may be, it is certain that he determined to remain in this country, and *He is called, in one of the French letters, the Sieur de Badie, Baron de St. Castin. 22 ' PENTAGr.Frr. to take up liis al)0(lo amonjj the Indians. Prohnbly tlm grant ftoni the kinjr, of a considt'iahlt' <|uantitv of land, had sonmthini^ to do with his (dioici*. [ \Visd detained thful per- closed the Sieur Vil- ivres as a heirneces- wives and e in their e, taking :lry gold." , although t appears e to give ing with necessity goods he ul. He a Pointe ablishing there. )mmonly, ov.nger," achem of e French pay and juch uni- form, but usually dressed after the modo of the Indians. He is said to have been mild, generous, hiimane, and mag- nanimous in his disposition ; to have possessed foresight and good sense ; to have been a cautious, sensible man, and a good talker. In the expedition against Port Royal (1707), he was sent, with others, from Annajiolis, with dis- Satches to Governor Vaudreuil, in Canada. He spent a few ays with his family here, — Leviijg8tone,who accompanied him, receiving from him every mark of hosjiitality and attention. They then proceeded up the Penobscot river. When they reached the Island of Lett,* an Indian, who had recently joined them, attempted to kill Levingstone with a hatchet, and would have succeeded had rot the noble-minded Aiiselm tlinist himself between them, and rescued him at the risk of his own life. In the year 1721, on account of his having been with a party of Indians that had lately ai)peared in array at Arrow- sic Island, some eastern sokfiers, under general orders to seize such Indians as were in arms, captured and sent him to Boston. They could not try him for rebellion or treach- ery before the Superior Court in Suffolk, as that would be putting him on trial in one county for an offense commit- ted in another, which would have been contrary to law. He was, therefore, examined by a Committee. He pro- fessed the highest respect and friendship for the English ; said that he had lately returned from abroad on purpose to prevent his tribe from doing mischief; solemnly promised to try to keep them in a state of peace, and was at last discharged. His awest, impi-isonment and examination, were alike unjustifiable and cruel. In 1722, he visited B(^arn, in France, to obtain possession of his father's property, honors, and seignorial rights, of whi^h he had been deprived, under the pretense of his illegitimacy, by the " first chicanierf of Europe, and Lieu- tenant General of the town of Oldron, in Bdarn, who for long years enjoys this property. "J This, too, in spite of the fact that he had the certificates of the missionaries and other evidences of the legality of his claim. [French Doc- uments, Part III.] Whether ho ever succeeded in getting possession of his rightful property is not known. He must have returned from France, as Father L'Auvergat speaks of both the sons as being in this country in 1728, and *Probablv Orpliivn's Isliind, now the town of Verona. tTricky liiwyer. XThe Baron Custin must, therefore, have been dead several jrears. m PENTAGOET. Murdoch mentions his being in Acadia, in 1731. He left one son and two daughters. The hitter are said to have been married to higlily respectable men. Of Joseph Dabadis de St. Castin, or"Castin the Youn- ger," but little is known. He is represented by Father L'Auvergat — who, however, was prejudiced against both him and his brother — as being frequently drunk and dis- orderly, but as having signr.lized himself in contests with the English. He was captured on one occasion, and had his vessel, and an English lad whom he had purchased of the Indians, taken from him. The account of this capture is contained ^n the following letter, written by him to Lieutenant Governor Dummer : " Pentag()ET, 23d July, 1725. Sm: — I have the honor to acquaint you that the 9th of this present month, as j rode at anchor in a small harbour about three miles distant from Nesket, having with me but one jndian aiid one Englishman whom j had redeemed from the salvages, as well as my vessel, j was attacked by an English vessel, the commander of which called himself Lieutenant of the King's ship, and told me also his name, which j cannot remember. Seeing myself thus attackt and not finding myself able to defend myself, j withdrcAV into the wood, forsaking my vessel. The commander of the vessel called me back promising me with an oath not to wrong me at all, saying that he was a merchant who had no design but to trade and was not fitted out for war, specially, when there was a talk of peace, and presently set up a flag of truce, and even gave 2ne two safe conducts by writing, both which j have unhappily lost in the fight. Thus thinking myself safe enough, j came back on board my vessel, with my jndian and my Englishman, whom j brought to show that j had no thoughts of fighting, and that j had redeemed him from the jndians as well as the vessel. But as j was going to put on my clothes to dress myself •' ore handsomely the commander who was come in my vessel with several of his people would not permit me to do it, telling me j was no more master of anything. He only granted me after many remonstrances to set me ashore. But after j came down and they held forth to me a bag- full of bisket that was given to me as tiiey said as a pay- ment for my Englishuian. They did catch hold of me and the jndian who accompanied me, j got rid of him who 3 1 lie left id to have the Yoim- by Father ainst both k and dis- itests with , and had rchased of lis capture jy him to y, 1725. the 9th of I harbour th me but emed from :ed by an id himself his name, yself able laking my me back ill, saying trade and re was a •uce, and 1 which j g myself with my liow that med him ras going mely the ■al of his j was no er many ne a bag s a pay- me and mi who PENTAGOET. 27 was going to seize upon me, but my jndian not being able to do the same, j betook myself to my arms — and after several volleys j killed the man who kept him, and got him safe with me. This is the second time that j hu 'e been thus treacherously used, which proceedings j do not sup- pose that you approve of being against the laws of Nations. "l herefore j hope that you will do me the justice, or that at least you will cause me to be re-imbursed of the loss j have sustained. Namely : — For the vessel that costed me 80 French pistoles; For the Englishman 10 pistoles ; 51 pounds of beaver that were in the vessell with 20 otters, 3 coats that have costed me together 20 pistoles; 56 pounds of shot that costed me twenty pence a pound ; 2 pounds of powder at 4 livres a pound ; 20 pounds of tobacco at 20 pence a pound ; a pair of scales 8 livres ; Tow cloth blankets each 28 livres ; Tow hear skins 8 livres apiece ; 4 skins of sea wolf 8 livres for the four ; 3 axes 15 livres for both ; 2 kettles, 30 livres for both, and several other matters, which they would not grant me, so much as my cup. The retaken Englishman knoweth the truth of all this, his name is Samuel Trusk of the town of Salem near to Marblehead. j have the honor to be Sir Your most humble & most obedient Servant Joseph Dabadis de St. Castin." [Hist. Magazine, Vol. 2., 3d Ser., No. 3, p. 125.] The Samuel Trask mentioned above, had been purchased by Castin from the Indians, who held him as a captive — under the following circumstances: — a season of great scarcity occurred, which drove the Indians to the cran- berry beds for subsistence. On one occasion, while they were gathering cranberries, a flock of wild geesp alighted near by, and Trask's success in capturing the birds so com- mended him to Castin's favor, that he "redeemed" him. After being taken from Castin, Trask was transferred to a vessel commanded by the celebrated Captain Kidd, — N/ith •wh'om he remained for some time. [Williamson's Hist, of Me., Vol. 2, p. 144 ; also Sewall's Ancient Dominions of Me., 0. 251.] In the office of the Secretary of the Com- monwealth of Massachusetts are letters referring to Indian affairs, written by Joseph Dabadis St. Castin, as lately as PENTAGOET. ?w ;• ^"^ i'^''^. '? ^"^ ^^ ^^'^"^ 0^ a°y of the family since that time. Inquiries made a few years a^o in the smith nf France, by Augustu. C. Hamlin, il. D ,^oVthrmayors of the Provinces of Pan and Ol^ron, go to show tharnrtrace of the family can now be found there. In all probabiUtv -I PENTAGOET. 29 CHAPTER IV. Occupation of Pentagoet by Grandfontaink:. — By Monsieur de Chambly. — Attack by C!orsairs. — Capture by the Dutch. — Baron Castin in Pos- session. — Castin's House Pillaged by Andros. — Phipps takes Possession. — Sieur Villieu in Com- mand. — Phipps obtains a Title from Madocka- AYANDO. — Conference between Commissioners and Indians. — Torture of Thomas Gyles. — Caldin Trades at Pentagoet. — House of Anselm Castin Plundered by the English. — Church's Expedi- tion. — Visit op Captain Cox. — Governor Pow- nal's Visit and Description of the Place. — The New Settlement of Maja-bagaduce. — Some of the Early Settlers. 1671. Monsieur le Grandfontaine held possession of, and I resided at, Pentagiiet for about four years — during a part of which time the Baron Castin was his Lieutenant. In the year 1671, in a letter to the Minister at Paris, he men- tions the fact of the arrival of the French vessel V Granger^ having on board sixty passengers — among whom were four girls a-id one woman. They were on their way to Port Royal. This is the earliest mention of any vessel bringing passengers here. Tn this same letter he remarks that he has bought a ketch from Colonel Temple, for the purpose of carrying the inhabitants and provisions to Port Royal. He says, also, that he must send to New England for a carpenter to construct a small vessel for him. He incident- ally remarks that the air here is very good. A census of Acadia, taken this year, gives the population at this place as consisting of thirty-one souls — six civilians and twenty- five soldiers. 1673. In the year 1673, Grandfontaine was succeeded by Monsieur de Chambly. The white population at this time was the same as at the last date. The next year an attack was made upon the fort b}' pirates. 1674. It seems that an Englishman,named John Rhoades, gained access to the fort in disguise, and remained there four days. In a short time he returned and attacked the 5 80 3»ENTA(iyr. place with the crew of a Flemish Corsair — miniherinpf two huiulied men. Tliis vessel was " Tlw, Fbi'uKj Hnrne,^'''' from (yura(,'oa, under the command of Ca])tain Jurriaen A«!rnouts. who had a commissicm from his Highness, the Prince of Orange. [De Peyster, Dutch in Maine, p. 76.] The gar- rison were taken completely 1)_," surprise, hut the soldiers defended themselves bravely for the space of an hour, until Chamhly received a musket shot in the body, and his Ensigu was wounded, when they surrendered. The pirates pillaged the fort, took away all the guns, and carried Chambly and Marson to St. John's river. The former was held for ran- som at the price of a thousand beaver skins. Chambly was somewhat blamed by the French king for his negli- gence in the matter. This act was disavowed by the English, but the leader had an English pilot from Boston, and the English there were thought to have encouraged the aifair. [French Documents, Part III. — See, also, Murdock's Acadie.] According to Williamson, the attack Avas made by a Dutch man-of-war. [liist. of Maine, Vol. 1, p. 579; also. Part III, Governor Leverett's letter.] 1676. Two years subsequently — in the spring of 1676 — the Dutch sent a veritable man-of-Avar, which attacked and captured the fortification here. Several vessels were soon sent from Boston, and the Dutch were very shortly after driven from the peninsula. [Williamson's Hist, of Me., Vol. I, p. 581 ; I. Hutehinson's Hist., pp. 280, 358.] For the next ten years the French remained in quiet possession, and Castin-was pi"obably in command for the greater part of the time ; occupying himself in bartering for furs with the Indians, and, as sachem of the Tarratines, influencing and in a measure controlling their conduct Avith each other and with the English. 1685. In 1685, the French Governor, Monsieur Perrot, borroAved money from Baron Castin, and purchased two fishing vessels. As none of the French inhabitants Avoukl man them, hoAv^ever, he Avas obliged to employ English fishermen. The enterprise failed, OAving to the dishonesty of the fishermen, Avho stole the fish and sent them to Boston. [French Documents, Part III.] 1686. In the year 1686, Palmer and West, commission- ers appointed by the Governor of Sagadahock, laid claim to the country as far east as the St. Croix river. Not being aware of this fact, a shipmaster of Piscataqua landed a cargo of wines here, thinking the place Avas under French PENTAGoET. 31 rule — as, in reality, it was. Because, however, the duties had not been paid at I'emaquid, I'ahiier and West sent Thomas Sluirpe here in command of a vessel, to seize the cargo. This greatly offended l)oth tlie French and the New England people, but a restoration of the wines was ordered by the English Court, and the trouble was smoothed over. [WiUiamson's Hist, o^ Me., Vol. I, p. 583.] Palmer for- bade Castin's interference in this matter of the wines. He also forbade his threatening the subjects of the English king, " among others, those who dwell on the island of Martinique."* He also informed him that he would not be iiUowed to remain if he aided the Indians. The great trade in heaver skins at this time was proving injurious to the fisheries. [French Doc, Part HI.] 1687. In the year 1687, Castiu was notified by the Government of New England that he must surrender the fort at Pentagoet. He did not, however, comply with this demand. He was this year engaged in constructing a mill for the Commonalt}^ of Port lioyal. He asked to have thirty soldiers sent to him, in order to be able to sustain himself against the English, and offered, if the assistance was granted, to make a settlement here of four hundred Indians. Castin complained strongly against Monsieur Perrot, because he retailed brandy by the half pint, and would not allow any of his domestics to do it for him. 1688. In the yenr 1688, sometime in the month of March or April, Sir Edmond Andros, Governor of New England, arrived in the frigate Rose, commanded by Captain George, and anchored opposite the fort and dwelling of Castin. Captain George sent his Lieutenant ashore to converse with the Baron. f The latter soon retired to the woods with all his people, and left his house shut up. Gov- ernor Andros and the others then landed and went into the house. They found there, in what appeared to be the common room of the family, a small altar and several pictures and ornaments, all of which they left uninjured. They took away from his house, however, all his arms, powder, shot, iron kettles, some trucking cloth, and his chairs. Verbal notice was sent to him by an Indian, that, ii he would ask for his goods at Pemaquid, and come under obedience to the King of England, they would be restored ♦Query. — Can it mean Matinieusf tit Wiis probiibly at this time that Andros carried to Madockawando the presents nsferred to iu the letter of Mi>ms. Pasquine, dated December 14, 1086. tjec Fart III. 32 PENTAGOET to him. Andros, finding the fort had been originally hni It of stone and turf, and was now quite a ruin, concluded to abandon rather than to repair it. Castin was just \y incensed at this outrage, and would undoubtedly have retaliated, had not the government of Massachusetts disavowed all respon- sibility in the matter, and adopted pacific measures. [Murdock.] The English, who were trading here this year, were driven away, and three or four small vessels carrying English goods, were sent back. About this time a fly-boat* belonging to Castin, was captured by the pirates, on her return from Quebec. [French Documents, Part III.] 1689. About the year 1689 or 1690, one Thomas Gyles, who had been a prisoner to the Indians for several years, attempted to escape, but was retaken. He was carried to the heights of Maja-bagaduce, where he was subjected to torture. His nose and ears were cut off and forced into his mouth, and he was compelled to swallow them. Ho was then burned at the stake, while his savage captors indulged themselves in a war-dance. [Se wall's Ancient Dom. of Me., p. 204.] A census of Acadia, taken this year, shows that there were here, in addition to the Indians, only four persons, viz., — a priest, a man and his wife, and one boy under fifteen years of age. 1690. In May 1690, Sir William Phipps was sent, by order of the General Court of Massachusetts, to subdue the Province of Nova Scotia. He met with but slight resistance, and took formal possession of all the coast, from Port Royal to Penobscot. He visited several of the French settlements, and among them this. [Williamson's Hist, of Me., Vol. I, p. 596.] 1693. In the year 1693, Castin, foreseeing, in all prob- ability, that the English supremacy would eventually be established upon this part of the coast, gave in his adhesion to the English Crown. The English possession of the place at this time could, however, have been merely a nom- inal one, as we find a French ofiicer, Sieur Villieu, in com- mand soon after. The inhabitants at this time, were — Castin, aged 57, his wife and one child ; Jean Renaud, aged 38, his wife (Indian) and four children ; Des Lauries, aged 40, his wife, named Jeanne Granger, and three chil- dren ; making a total of fourteen. [French Documents, iu Mass. Archives.] •A flut-bottomed Dutch vessel. P^ 11 finally l)inlt oncluded to illy incensed :uliated, had 1 all respon- j measures. ,g here this mall vessels >ut this time ' the pirates, 3, Part III.] komas Gvles, veval years, Evs carried to subjected to forced into ' them. He vage captors ill's Ancient I, taken this ition to the nan and his /•as sent, by 1, to subdue I but slight 3 coast, from f the French on's Hist, of in all prob- irentually be his adhesion sion of the rely a nom- leu, in com- ime, were — an Renaud, )es Lauries, three chil- cuments, in I I'ENTAGoEt. S3 1604. To conhrm his title to the place, Governor Phipps obtained, this year (169-4), a deed from Madockawando, covering the lands granted to Beauchamp and Leverett, in the year 1029, by the Council of Plymouth. Somewhere about this time, one Denis Hyenan, a Dutchman, sent to pyniaquid on business for Governor Slaughter, reached Penobsquid, as this place was then called by the Dutch. Having been induced to come ashore, he was seized and sent to Canada, vhero he was kept a prisoner two yeai's. [IJe Peyster, Appendix to Dutch in Maine, p. 11.] 1696. In the year 1(590, Castin went out into the liay with a flotilla of canoes and two hundred Indian warriors, to join the French under Iberville, in their attack on Pem- aquid. [SeWall's Ancient Dominion, p. 218.] 1697. On the eleventh day of September, 1097, by the treaty of Ryswick, peace was concludetl between the English and French. On the fourteenth of October follow- ing, a conference was held at this place, between Major Converse and Captain Alden, Commissioners from Mass- achusetts, and six sachems — attended by a large concourse of Indians. The latter, though mourning for Madocka- Avando, who had but recently died, sang the songs and smoked the pipe of peace. The Commissioners insisted upon the release of all the prisoners and the banishment of the Catholic missionaries. The Indians consented to the release of the prisoners, but said that " the good missiona- ries must not be driven away." 1698. During the year 1698, one Caldin (or Alden), is mentioned as trading at Pentagoet. He bought furs of, and sold goods to, a son-in-law of Baron Castin, and three other Frenchmen, who resided here. He paid three livres — equivalent to from forty-eight to sixty cents of our money — for every fourteen ounces of beaver, and fifty-five sous — equivalent to about eighty cents of our money — for winter beaver. The inhabitants at this time, were unwilling to dispose of their furs to the French, on account of the facil- ities they had for trading with the English. Complaint is made that the priest who was here at this time, traded more openly than his predecessors. 1700. In the year 1700, complaint is made that Castin sold furs to the English in Boston, and took his pay in English goods — which hindered the sale of French goods. It is also said that on account of the controlling influence of Castin and the missionary, the Indians had this year refused to receive presents from the French. The mission- 84 rENTAdoET. my declared, however, that the Indians refused to receive the customary i)resents because Monsieur Villi(!U, tlu; Gov- ernor, wanted at the same time to sell them brandy, which they did not want to buy, — " foreseeinj^ the excess into which they fall when intoxicated." [French Documents, Part III.] 1703. Up to the time of his departure for France, in 1701, the abode of Castin remained unmolested. Two years after his departure, however, some English settlers, who resided at the westward, visited the house of Aiiselm Castin, under the guise of friendship, and, in retaliation for some misdemeanors of the Indians, plundered it of all its valuables. Anselm complained and expostulated, but pos- sessed too good judgment to retaliate. 1704. In the year 1704, Queen Anne''s war, as it was called, was being carried on between the English settlers and the Indians, the latter instigated and abetted by the French. In May of this year, Colonel Benjamin Church commanded an expedition made along the eastern coast. As he came up the bay he captured many French and Indians, among the latter of whom were the Baron Castin's daughter and her children. She stated that her husband had gone to France to visit her father. Church went as far as the Bay of Fundy, and again visited Penobscot tipon his return. [Williamson's Hist, of Me.] From this time until the war of the Revolution, the pen- insula of Bagaduce remained in a condition of comparative quiet — notwithstanding the several Indian wars which kept the whole Province of Maine in a tumult. The Penobscot Indians, although not entirely quiet, behaved, on the whole, much better than the neighboring tribes. During this whole period of seventy years, there is a great gap in the history of the place. The only things to be found, relating to it, are an account of a second severe earthquake, which happened on the eighteenth of November, 1765 ; the visits to this place, of Captain Cox and of Governor Pownal, and brief accounts of the earlier settlers. 1757. In the year 1757, one Captain Cox came here in a small vessel and killed two Indians, whom he scalped. He carried off with him two canoes, a quantity of oil, some fish, and some sea-fowl feathers. [Williamson's Hist, of Me., VoL 2, p. 326.] 1759. Governor Pownal came over liere from Fort Point, in 1759, and gives the following description of the place at that time : — " About noon left \yasumkeag point, and ,1 lii I'ENTAGilET. S/i [ to receive I, the Gov- iidy, which excess into )ouiuiicnts, Franoe, in ;eil. Two sh settlers, of Ansehu retaliation it of all its :tl, but pos- r, as it was sh settlers tted by the liii Chureh item coast, rench and on Castin's :^r husband ph went as bscot upon 1, the pen- )niparative v'hich kept Penobscot the whole, uring this gap in the d, relating ke, which the visits Pownal, lie here in Hcalped. oil, some Hist, of ort Point, the place loint, and went in sloop INfassachnsetfs to Pentaget, with Captain Ciirgill and twenty men. — Found the old abandoned French Fort and some abandoned settlements. Went ashore into the fort. Hoisted the King's colors there and drank the King's health." In another place he says: — " To the east (of Long Island), is another Bay, called by the French PentagJiet, or Pentooskeag, Avhere I saw the ruins of a French settlement, which from the scite and nature of tho houses, and the remains of fields and orchards, had been once a pleasant habitation : Ones' heart felt sorrow that it had ever been destroyed." [Maine Hist. Col. — Gov. Pow- nal's Voyage, p. 885, and Note.] 1760. In the Governor's Address, January 2, 1760, he says that there are a great many families stand ready to go down to Penobscot, and as every other obstacle is removed, "you will take care that no nncertainty to the titles of the grants they may have, may bo any objection to settlements which will be so greatly beneiicial to the strength of the Province." 1767—1774 The first information to be found in regard to any settlers here, subsecpient to the abandonment referred to by (iovernor Pownal, is in the year 1707, when Samuel A verill settled upon the northwest side of Northern Bay, and Jacob Perkins near him. In 1709, Finley McCullam settled upon the east side of Northern Bay, and in the year 1778, Daniel Brown settled also on the eastern side. In 1774, Jos'eph Willson settled at the head of Northern Bay. [Peter's Field notes for first survey of Penobscot. — Man.] There were undoubtedl}'- other settlers here at this time, but their names are not known. 1775. In the Pennsylvania Journal, of August 23d, 1775, the following passage occurs: — "About the same time five sloops that had been sent by General Gage for wood, were taken by the inhabitants of Major Baggadoose, a small, new settlement, not far from Fort Pownal; and as there was some reason to fear that the Fort which stood at the head of Penobscot Bay (Fort Pownal), might be taken by the King's troops, and made use of against the country, the people in that neighborhood dismantled it, burnt the blockhouse, and all the wooden work, to the ground. — The prisoners taken at Machias and Major Baggadoose, about forty in number, were on their way to Cambridge, when the gentleman who brings this account, came away." — • This is the last reference to this place that we have been able to find, prior to the War of the Revolution. J. ii sc PENTAOoET. con iUHl tiiil CHAPTER V. Commencement of Revolutionaky War. — Enolisii Cjiarts of the Coast. — McLean Ehtahlishes a Military Post.— Description of the Fort. — vVmer- icans make preparation for an expedition. — Description of the American Fleet. — State op Affairs with the English. — American Attack. Defense by the British. 1776. During the war of tlio Revolution, tlio British l)ecame aware that they were suffering severcily from the operations of the Ameriean cruisers and privateers — who possessed all the harbors in the eastern waters. According to the most generally received opinion, the Americans had a much more intimate knowledge of the various channels and harbors along the coast than did the English, and were thus enabled, with comparative impunity, to inflict much damage upon the commerce of the latter. The facts, though, in regard to our present maps of the coast, would seem to indicate exactly the opposite. There are in the U. S. Coast Survey Office, and in possession of some indi- viduals, ten lithographic maps of the several parts of the Coast of Maine. From the original ten of these charts, all the present maps in use are derived. There is, also, in possession of one of the officers of the Coast Survey, a copper-plate map of this harbor and Penobscot bay. Tiiis copper-plate map was published by J. P. Desbarres, by order of an Act of Parliament, April 27, 1776. It has recently been found that the lithographic map of Penobscot bay, is a copy of this copper-plate map.* As this map was published only seventy days prior to the Declaration of Independence, it was not very likely to be in possession of the Americans until after the war. It was doubtless pub- lished, at the date mentioned, in anticipation of the approach- ing conflict, and copies were probably furnished to the entire English navy. So far, therefore, from the English *Mr. Samuel T. Noyes, of this town, made tlie discovery by copying the lithogMiphic mup upon tracing paper, and applying this copy over the copper- plate map. They were fuutid to correspond (juite accurately — enough so to show, without doubt, that the former Vy as copied Irom the latter. — KxoTJsn HLISHES A T. — Ameii- EDITION. -State of i Attack. tlie British y from tho teer.s — who Accordinfj jricans had IS channels ighsh, and to inflict The facts, last, would are in the some indi- tirts of the se charts, is, also, in Survey, a ay. This arres, hy It has enobscot map was iration of session of less pub- approach- d to the English copying the the copper- iough no to PENTAOJlET. 87 having hut a slight ao([uaintanco with tliis part of tho (!()iist, they must, on tho contrary, have luul much more uccurate charts of it thun the Americans possessed at that tinu!.* 1779. Whatever may have been their knowledge of tho coast, the English determincul, on account of tht; military importance of this country to the Ami-ricans, and also for its importance in supjilying them with wood, lumber, masts, fish, etc., to establish a military post at this place. Accord- ingly, in the year 177U, General Francis Mclicanf embarked at Halifax, with about seven hundred men, compostid of detachments of the seventy-fourth and eighty-second Reg- iments, in a fleet of some seven or eight sail, and arrived at this place, June the seventeenth. J [Calefs Journal, Part III.] They landed, without opposition, in front of Joseph Perkins's house — which stood on what is now the southeast- ern corner of Main and Water streets. Although they landed without opposition, they acted as if they expected an attack from a concealed foe. [Hutchins's Narrative, Part III.] They did not remain on shore this day, but returned to their vessels. The next day they came on shore, and encamped on the open land to the eastward of where the present fort stands. The time from this date to the eighteenth day of July, was occupied in clearing up the ground, felling trees, and building a fort upon the high ground in the central part of the peninsula — and also a battery near the shore — together with storehouses, bar- racks, etc. The fort was intended to be s(|uare, with a bastion at each angle, and to be sufliciently large in area to contain a block-house in the center, with rooms in it for the officers' quarters, and barracks for the soldiers. It was also the intention to surround it with a wide and deep moat. The Americans becoming alarmed at the possession by the English of a military post upon the eastern frontier, the General Court of Massachusetts, in the latter part of *It is stated hy oftiisers of the Coast Survey, tliat tlie Eiijrlish must have been fully tweuty years in uiakiiif? tlu'ir surveys for these maps of the coast of Maine. They are quite minute, and valuable as showing tlu; location of houses and lauds. The map of Penobscot bay shows every house, probably, tiiat was upon this peninsula at that time. A very important fact to be derived from this map is, that the variation of the compass at tuis place, was at that time, only 9 deg. W., whereas, it is now 15 deg. 30 min. W. fThe name is given &g Allan McLean, in Drake's American Biography. JWilliamson says they landed June tho twelfth, and gives the number of soldiers as nine hundred. 88 rENTAaJiKT. June, without consultation with tho contiiiontnl authori- lieH, ordered the State JJoard ol' VVur to en^ajjfc such armed vessels as couhl he procured, and to be prt'jjared to iiave them sail on an ex[)e(Iition aj^ainst the Hrilish at I'enoh- Beot, at the earliest ])ossihle monu'ut. The Hoard of War were authorized to charter or impress the requisite number of private arnu'd vessels ; to promise the owners a fair eompensation for all losses, of whatever kind ; and to allow the seamen the same pay and rations as those in the Continental service, (ienerals Cushinsjf and Thom[)son, lirijjfadiers of Militia in Lincoln and Cumberland Counties, were each ordered to furnish six luuulred men for this expedition, and Brigadier (ieneral Frost was ordered to send three hundred men from the York County Militia. They took With thcan the following supi)lies and munitions of war, namely; — nine tons of Hour and bread; ten tons of rice, and the same quantity of salt beef; twelve hun- dred gallons of rum and molasses, in equal (/uantitics ; five hundred stands of arms ; fifty thousand musket eartriUgea, with balls; two iH-prs., with two huiulred rounds of cartridges ; three 9-pr8., with tliree hundred rounds of cartridges ; four field pieces ; six barrels of gun- powder, and the necessary quantity of axes, spades, tents, and camp furniture. The fleet consisted of nineteen armed vessels, and twenty-four transports — carrying three hundred and forty-four guns. It has been described as " the most beautiful that ever floated in eastern waters." The vessels composing the ilcet were the following: — Frigate Waj'ren, 92 guns, (18 and 12 prs.,) Com. Saltonstall. Ships Monmonih, 24 guns ; Ven(jea7ice, 24 guns ; General Putnam^ 22 guns ; iSally, £2 guns ; Jiamp- deUy (Captain Titus Salter,) 20 guns ; Hector^ 20 guns ; Hunter^ 18 guns ; Black Prince, 18 guns ; >S'% liocket, 16 gunf^. Brigs Active, (Captain Hallet,) 16 guns ; Defiance, 16, (6-i)rs.) ; Hazard, 16 guns ; Nancy, 16 guns ; Diligence, (Captain Brown,) 14 guns ; Tyrannicide, 14 guns. Sloops Providence, 14 guns ; Spring Bird, 12 guns ; Hover, 10 guns. The Black Prince was owned by Captain Williams and others, and cost £1000. The Hector was owned by Jonathan Pert and others, and cost £1000. The Hunter was owned by Samuel Silsbee, and others, and also cost £1000. The General Putnam was impressed. The esti- mated cost of the latter was £900. There were on board th( hu llU)) I eh II he eon Nc Sal thii ing his (Jci foil ncv Gen Tli( Col Aim yet exc( enti mor- ver} XGTy of J II McI latei larl^ tioui erne nigl and as or !: Cap to ti ass 11 atte turl •D "G. Tlie( Salto tSe this! rKNTAOitKT. 80 ntal iiTtthon- (' siuli arinetl jucd to have 4i lit l*enol)- oard of Wiir lisitt! muiil)t'i- wiuTS a fair and ; and to those ill tlic I Thompson, iUid Counties, men for tliis s ordered to )unty Militia, nd munitions ad ; ten tons twelve liun- (/ ifuantities ; iand musket ;wo hundred ree hundred vrrels of gun- ipades, tents, of nineteen irrying three described as iern waters." wing: — pis.,) Com. ngeance, 24 uns ; Hamp- 20 guns ; ^ky Jioclccty < 16 guns ; •v/, 16 guns ; innicide, 14 g Bird, 12 V^illiams and owned by The Hunter id also cost The esti- jre on board tho floet, in addition to the seamen, some three or four hundred soldiers and marines — and about one thousand more were expected. Moses Fiittle, of Newbury, Massa- ehusettsr, was appointetl to command the naval force, l)Ut lie felt obliged to bliterated all recol- lection of their former bravei \ ' hrne hours later upon this day, cannonading took place I ' /een the British ves- sels and the battery on Nautilus Island ; l)ut, finding their 6 prs. were of but little service against the heavier guns of the battery. Captain Mowatt deemed it advisable to move still further up the harbor.f Sir John Moore, — who was killed at Corunna, Spain, June 16th, 1809, and in com- memoration of whose burial the ode commencing, " Not a drum was heard, nor a funeral note," was composed — was at that time a Lieutenant and Paymaster in H. B. M's 82d Regiment, and was present on picket when this attack was *Thov arc reported to have buried tli- ir dead upon the level ground just tihove Trask's rock. The presumption m favor of their burial being iu that place, is very strong; but the surface of this ix-gion has l)econie so changed by time, tliut those now living, who once kuew, are unable to designate the exact spot. tFor more particular accounts of this attack, see Calef 's Journal, iu Part III, nnd Williamson's Hist, of Maine, Vol, 2, pp. 470 to 473. lis attack, nen out of cordinon the ice, son^e four or five times only. The first three times in which this event occurred were the three con- secutive years of 1815, '10 and '17. Two shocks of earthquake have been felt here since the year 1787. The first was on May 22d, 1817, and the other on A.ug. 27th, 1829. November 7th, 1819, was a very dark day. At this time, fowls went to roost at mid- day, and superstitious people thought the "day of doom" had come*. The night of November 17th, 1835, is recorded as being very uncommonly light ; from what cause is not stated. The record of the winds, in Judge Nelson's journal, is very incomplete. Reckoning from the data given, however, it may be said, of this period of time, that the rain storms nearly all came from the southeast, the snow storms from the northeast, and that nearly all the gales, unaccompanied by rain ^r snow, came from the northwest. When the wind blew from the southwest, it was almost invariably fair weather. This journal gives no account of fogs. Their not infre- quent occurrence, probably, in Judge Nelson's opinion, rendering any statement in regard to them unnecessary. Although fogs are of common occurrence here in the sum- mer season, when southerly winds are prevailing, yet it is believed to be the fact, that they are of less frequent occurrence, less dense, and more apt to be dispelled by the rays of the sun, than is the case at the neighboring sea- ports to the east of us. Doctor Joseph L. Stevens, of Castine, has also kept a record of the weather from 1821 to 1871 — a period of fi^cy years. As this record has not been kept in a tabular form, it is not possible to give more than the relative character of each year, together with a few miscellaneous facts of inter- est. The following is a summary, by years, given in Doctor Stevens' journal : — 1832. — Was a wet and and cold year. 1833. — Ditto. A remarkable shower of meteors was witnessed by him on the night of Nov. 13. 1834. — Was warm and fruitful. 1835.— Ditto. ♦This was not, ho\vever,the "diirk day" celebrated in the annals of New t England. The latter occurred May 19th, 1780. 9 62 * HISTORY OF CASTINE, 1836. — Very dry, and very cool. Short liay crop. 1837. — Cool. No corn, but wheat abundant. 1838. — Suuuner warm, and year fruitful. 1839. — Summer extremely wet. 1840. — Summer warm and fruitful. A very healthy season. 1841. — Summer very dry. Very few storms this year. 1842. — No epidemic, except that of Scarlatina, from which there were six deaths. 1843. — Year fruitful. Grass abundant. No epidemics. 1844. — Apples and fruit in abundance. The potato rot makes its first appearance here. 1845. — Excessive fall of rain. Complete failure of the potato crop. Healthy here, but sickly in the neighboring- towns. 1846. — Summer very warm. Epidemic of Scarlatina. More deaths here, from all causes, than ever before known; 1848. — Very rainy year. Summer cool. No epidemic, but more deaths than last year. 1849.— Warm and dry. Healthy. 1850. — Spring very wet. Summer temperate. Autumn pleasant. No eindemics. 1851. — Winter very cold. A very healthy year. 1852. — Summer cool. Apples abundant. No epidemic except Influenza. 1853. — A very mild, but a very windy year. Many dis- asteis at sea. No epidemics. 1854. — Summer very dry. A great many snow storms in winter. " Healthiest year I ever knew." 1856. — No epidemics, excej)t sore throats. 1857. — Year unusually cold and wet. Very healthy. 1858. — Year cool and wet. No epidemics. 1859. — A great quantity of snow in December. 1861. — No epidemics, and unusually few deaths. 1862. — Scarlatina and Typhoid fever. Apples and fruit abundant. 1863. — Very few storms. Short hay crop. A few cases of Diphtheria — otherv.-se, healthy. 1864. — A very dry and fair summer. Healthy here, but not; in Brooksville. 1867. — Cool and wet. Dull and healthy. 1868. — Wet and foggy. No epidemics. 1869. — Cold summer. No epidemics. Lilac trees i( (( Plum trees (( (( Peonies t« (( White Roses a a Strawberries (( ii Tulips, (t 4( Violets, (( (( BUOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 68 1871. — Year very mild. Crops and business good. Many- disasters at sea. Healthy. The earliest date at which wihl geese have been noticed on their passage north, was on March 4th, in 1871. The earliest date of blooming of trees, and certain plants, was as follows : — Apple trees were in bloom. May 25th, in 1814. Cherry trees were in bloom. May loth, in 1825. '' 30th, in 182(3. " 20th, in 1825. " 24th, in 1820. Julv 4th, in 1826. April 80th, in 1833. May 24th, in 1826. April 9th, 1825. The earliest date on which the grass in his garden was mowed, was on June 9th, in 1831. The earliest date at which blueberries and garden vegetables were obtained by him, as follows : — Blueberries were ripe on July 20th, in 1826. Cucumbers were fit for use, July 16th, in 1826. Green Corn was fit for use, June 9th, in 1831. Green Peas were fit for use, July 13th, in 1822.,^ New Potatoes were fit for use, July 18th, in 1826. All attempts to foretell the character of the summer by that of any of the previous months, are, of course, futile. It would seem, however, from this record of Doctor Stevens, that there has been, for the period of time which it embraces, a remarkably close correspondence between the character of the month of March, and that of the season following. A cold March has been almost invariably followed bj a cold summer, and a warm or wet March, by a warm or wet summer. Whether this is merely an accidental coincidence, or is due to some climatic law not yet understood, remains for further observations to determine. *Green Peas and new Potatoes itre often to be hud here as early as July 4th. m m ! i y mmimmimBimmmm u JIISTORV Of CASTIJJE, CHAPTER II. MUNICIPAL HISTORY OF PENOBSCOT. Plantation No. 3. —New Ireland. — Early Set- tlers. — First Survey op Town. — Abstract of Town Recoriw. — Castine set oef. — Highways. — Schools. (Prior to the Incorporation op Castine.) 1762. The town of Penobscot was Num))er Three, in the first chiss of townships granted by tlie Prt vincial General Cowrt, in 1762. In acconhmce with the terras of these grants, the proprietors were bound, themselves, their heirs and assigns, in a bond of fifty pounds, to lay out no township more than six miles in extent on the bank of the Penobscot, or on the sea coast ; to present to the General Court, by the thirty-first of the ensuing July, plans of the survey ; to settle each township with sixty protestant families within six years ; and to build an equal number of dwelling houses, at least eighteen feet square ; to fit for tillage three hundred acres of land, erect a meet- ing-house, and settle a minister. One lot in each town- ship was to be reserved for the parsonage, one for tlie first settled minister, one for Harvard College, and another for the use of schools. These grants were not, however, pre- sented to the Legislature for confirmation, luitil the year 1785. 1780. About the year 1780 or 1781, an attempt was made by the British Government to colonize the country between the Penobscot and St. Croix, under the name of New Ireland. Thomas Oliver, a former Lieutenant Gov- ernor of Massachusetts, a resident of Cambridge, and a graduate of Harvard College, was proposed as the first Chief Magistrate. Daniel Leonard, a prominent loyalist, afterwards a judge in Bermuda, was to be the Chief Jus- tice. The plan was abandoned, in consequence of the doubts of the Attorney General of England, as to the right to the soil. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, there- fore '* became the asylum of thousands of the former cit- BUOOICSVILLE AND I'ENOnSCOT. 9ff izcns of New Eiifiland, who otherwiso would have settled New Ireland, and rendered Castine what Shell )iirno in Nova Scotia ome was, and what St. Johns and Halifax now are."* There was an association formed to proinott? this Hettlement, under the title t)f the " Associated ]{efugees." [Letter from Lord (reorgo CJermain, to Sir Ilenrv Clinton, in Aj)pen(lix -'5, to S})ark's \Afo and Writ- ing's of Washington, Vol. VIII, p. 51i>.] Whetlier any actual settlements, under the aus])ices of this association, ever took place, is not known ; but as the British lorco did not leave until two or three years subsequently, and as there were certainly some settlers here in 177;), it is not at all unlikely that such was the case. This is rendered still more probable by the discovery among the jjapers of the late Mr. Jeremiah Wardwell, of the following; — "NOTIFICATION: 1784. These are to notify and require all pers(»ns at and near Majorbagaduce, in the luiincorporated towns, that have been inimical to the United States of America, during the last war with Great Britain, to depart out of the Commonwealtii of Massachusetts on or before the thirteenth day of September next, or they will gain the Displeasure of tlie Subscribers and many others of the Citizens of the Commonwealth, that have suffered by the War. August 11th, 1784. N. B. All those that are well disposed to the United States are desired to meet at the Fort on Bagaduce, on the said thirteenth day of September, to Consult what meas- ures to take, in case the above Requisition is not complied with." .^ , (Signed) JOHN MOOR. [All the other names missing.] In the year 1785, the legislature passed an Act, to the several settlers convenient lots of one acres each, so surveyed as to include their improvements, and divided the rest — after reserving twelve hundred acres in each town for public uses — amongst the original grantees and their representatives. [Resolve of General Court, in regard to Plantation No. 3, Nov. 17th, 1786.] This y* ir, eight or ten families came hither from Fort Pownal, and some of those who had left during the * From nil iiocKunt of New Trcl.ind, in u paper read by Ihe lion. Joseph Williamson, before tlie Maine Historical Society. 1785. allowiiig hundred id ItlSTOllY OJ* CASTINK, poriotl of the Rovolutionary War, roturned. f Wlllliiiiisnii, llist. of Mts, Vol. II, p. rm.] Mossrs. IMiilip, Lcoiiiird, iiiid (Miarlcs Jarvis, had a considiiiahh) intcrc'st in the hinds eiul)ia(!ed liy this IManlatioii, and woyc pioniiiiont agents for the settlers, in obtaining a eonlirniation of their title. AI)out this time, the earliest survey of the town was made by John Peters, I*iS(i., subse(|uently of Hhudiill.* 1787. liy Aet of the (leneral Court of Alassaehusetts, the town of I'enobseot was ineorporatcd on February 2;Sd, 1787. The lirst meeting of tlie town was held at the house of Colonel Johannot, (m Wednesday, April iHth. At this meeting, Mr. .Joseph Ilibbi-rt was ehoseu Modera- tor; John Lee, Clerk; and Cai)tain .fosei)h Perkins, Jere- miah Wardwell, Oliver Parker, Jose])h llibbert, and Cap- tain Josei)h Young, were chosen Selectmen ; and Mr. John Perkins, 'J'own Treasurer. At a met>ting of the town, held the May following, Messrs. John Lee, Oliver Parker, Joseph Young, Jeremiah Wardwell, and Joseph Perkins, were chosen a Committee, to make an adjustment with the former proprietors of Plantation No. 8. The following were the instructions given to the Connnittee : — " Th(! Report of the Great and Crrand Court of the Conunonwealth, of November 17th, 178G, confirming the lands to the Proprietors and Settlers of this township, being of the utmost importance, the Proprietors by it are enjoined to allot and meet out one hundred acres of land to each Settler who settled autl made impi-ovements before the first of January, 1784. We are fully confident that the design of Government, in passing the aforesaid Resolve, Was to do us justice ; yet we fear that it will be attended with much difficulty to meet out the lands to such settlers, in such a manner as to secure to them the full benefit intended them by the said Resolve. Therefore we request you, our Committee, chosen to make an adjustment with the said proprietors, to attend fully to the following instructions. Y'ou will, as soon as possible, make out a statement of the claims of all the settlers who are entitled to land upon the principle of said. Resolve, in the most explicit manner possible, in doing which you Avill pay particular attention to the true intent and meaning of the said Resolve, a copy of this State of Claims to lay in some one place, to be open to the inspection of any person who * * The original ficlil notes and miip of this survey ure iu possession of the Hon. C. J. Al>bot, of this town. ^1, imoOK.SVrLLE Am) PKNOnSCOT. (17 is a settlor in this town, who wishes to cxaniine the same. By this statement of the (Claims of eaeh settler (wiicn c()nii)h'te(l) upon the; jjrincijthj of said Resolve, eonlaiii- ing eaeh person's claim, with tiie names of llu; settler im(l(;r whom he holds — witli the; hounds and the date of setUcmtMit, you will know what (luantity of land will of ri^dit htdonij to llu; settlers, — tlu'refon; from this statemciut you will be ahle to determine what will do eaiih settler justice. When the Proprietors' (Committee attend to meet out the land to the stfttlers as recpnred by said Resolve, you will r(f[)res(.'nt to them how desirous the Inhabitants of the town are to havis an amicable adjustment of every matter, respecting the Lands, with them — to effect which they are deterndned not to \n> wantinjjf on their part, and as we wish for iU)Lhin^ but what the said Resolve has con- lirmed to us, and as the Proprietors cannot reasomibly wish for any advantatfo that tho said Resolve has not given tluiin, it is hoped and expected that they will cor- dially agree to make an adjustment upon such terms as will 1)0 for the mutual interest and advantage of both Pro])rietors and Settlers." 1788. At the Annual meeting of the town in 1788, the former board of Selectmen were re-elected, and in December following, George Thatcher Esip, was elected as the first representative to the General Court. Tho Committee appointed to confer with the former Proprie- tors of the township, reported as follows : — " On the arrival of Leonard Jarvis, Es(p, agent of, and one of the principal proprietors of, this town, we had a conference with him upon the subject of an adjustment. Mr. Jarvis observed that; he came to mete out the land to the settlers agreeable to the resolve of tho General Court. We assured him the inhabitants of the town were glad to see him, and that they were exceedingly desirous to have an amicable settlement with the proprietors, and that they wished for nothing more than was confirmed to them by tl^e Grand Court. We, in obedience to our instructions, stated the manner in which we supposed each settler would have justice done him. That such settlers as were so situated as to render it very inconsistent, if not impos- sible, to have the hundred acres Avhich the jn-oprietors were enjoined to grant, allot and mete out to them, in one lot, should have such deficiency made up to them else- where, to this proportion, founded strictly, as we conceived, --mmm ■■•■nH^Hi HISTORY OF CASTINE, upon the resolve of Court. Mr. Jarvis replied that he Avoukl, by 110 means, agree to what, he pretended, was never meant by the Court, though the letter of the resolve of Court is fully in our favor. In reasoning upon this subject, we found that he put such illiberal constructions upon the resolve of Court, that it was impossible for us to make auy adjustment with him upon the principle of jus- tice, or consistent with our duty. Nay, Mr. Jarvis })lainly intimated that he should not pay any regard to the Town, as a Town, or to their Committee, but that he would pro- ceed to mete out the land to the settlevs in such a manner as he should think was agreeable to the meaning of the Court. How far he has attended to the resolve of Court, while upon this business, it is not for us to determine. Though we think it our duty upon this occasion to observe that, notwithstanding the great esteem we have for Mr. Jarvis, which occasions us great pain, when we declare our surprise that he should infringe upon the privileges of this town, by ordering a road to be run out, when by law the Selectmen, for the time being, or such other as the)' should appoint, have the sole power to lay out or alter roads within the limits described in our Incorporation Act. Finding that an adjustment could not be made with the proprietors, we conceived it our duty to furnish Mr. Jarvis with a memorandum of each settlers' claim, without date or signature, a copy of which is now laid before the Town." 1789. Three town-meetings were held during the year 1789. At the first, held March 25th, Captain Joseph Perkins, Peletiah Leach, Joseph Hibbort, Captain Oliver Parker and Mr. John Wasson, were chosen Selectmen. The town voted that "■the sun of .£300 be raised for the building a Meeting-House for tbe public worship of God." A vote was also passed that in fiitiu^e the town-meetings be held at the house of Mr. Joseph Binney. At a meeting held on April 21st, the town voted to build a meeting-house sixty-five feet in length by fifty feet in breadth. Captain Daniel Wardwell, Giles Johnson, OHver Parker, John Willsou and John Wasson, were chosen a committee to superintend the erection of the building, and to act as a Board of Trustees. At this meeting Mr. Gabriel Johannot was elected as Representative to the General Court. At a meeting held on the first day of September following, the town voted not to make any additional appropriation for the meeting-house, but to have the pews classified and sold BROOKSVILLE AND TENOBSCOT. 69 at public auction, and to use the money thus obtained, in completing the building. 1790. Fifty persons were warned from the town in the year 1790.* This year Messrs. Oliver Parker, Joseph Hibbert, Captain Daniel Wardwell, Captain Seth Blodgett, and Doctor Oliver Mann, were chosen Selectmen. 1791. In the year 1791, the town made its first a^-ftc"- priation for a public school. This year, Messrs. Joh i j "(.- kins, Elijah Littlefield, David Hawes, David Wills a auti Pelatiah Leach, were chosen Selectmen. Isaac Parker, iv \:'^ . , was elected Representative to the General Court.f At a meeting held September 12th, a committee of eleven citi- zens was appointed to wait upon Mr. Leonard Juivi.i, Agent for the former proprietors of Plantation No. 3, and determine upon terms of settlement witli them. 1792. At the annual meeting, in March, 1792, Captain OUver Parker, Doctor Oliver Mann, and Messrs. John Wusson, John Willson and Sparks Perkins, were chosen Selectmen. The town at this meeting voted " against a separation of Government." Whether this meant against a separation of the District of Maine from the Common- wealth of Massachusetts, or against a division of the town, can only be inferred. It was probably the former, as no petition for any separation accompanied the warrant for the meeting. At a meeting held in November, the town passed a vote against a removal of the Courts to any other place in the county, or to any ditterent location in this town. 1 1 was also voted that, in the future, the town-meetings should be held in the meeting-house on the peninsula. 1793. At the annual meeting held in 1793, Messrs. Jeremiah Wardwell, Pelatiah Leach, John Wasson, Doctor Oliver Mann and John Willson, were elected Selectmen. At this meeting, the town voted to raise no money for the support of preaching, or for schools. This vote was after- wards reconsidered, and thirty pounds was appropriated for preaching. At a subsequent meeting, held May 8th, the sum of fifty pounds was appropriated for the support of schools. At this latter meeting, Isaac Parker, Esq., was chosen Representative to the General Court. At a meeting held June 20th, the town voted an appropriation of three pounds for the erection of some stocks, — to be placed near the Court House, on the peninsula. *rn rcgiird to this mutter of "warnings" from town, see chapter 3d. tWilliamson [Hist, of Me., Vol. 2, p. TiM], erroneouslj' says tliat Mr. Par- ker was tlmfiriit Representative of Penobscot to the General Court. 10 70 HISTORY OF CASTINE, 1794. At the tmnual meetintr in 1794, the last T)oard of Selectmen were re-elected. The town, at this nieetinf^, voted an appropriation of twenty pounds, to purchase a suj)ply of ammunition. 1795. At the annual meetinj^ of the town, in 1795, Captain Thatcher Avery, Mr. Joseph Binney, and Mr. Thomas Wasson, were elected as Selectmen. Mr. Mark Hatch, and others in the second or lower par- ish, having petitioned the General Court, to he set off as a separate town, a meeting of the inhabitants of the first parish was called, in reference thereto, on December the 21st. The following votes were passed : — 1. That the first parish will show cause to the General Court why the second parish ought not to be separated and become a distinct town. 2. That Captain Jeremiah Wardwell, Mr. Pelatiah Leach, Captain Thatr-her Avery, Isaac Parker, Esq., Cap- tain Joseph Perkins and Captain John Perkins, be a com- mittee to agree upon lines, and terms of separation. This committee reported, at a meeting held December 81st, "that in consideration of the length of highways in an unrepaired state Avhich would be in the upper part of the town, the conmiittee for the petitioners had offered to jiay two hundred dollars in two annual payments. The committee on the other side, then proposed four hundred doV'ars, — when, for the sake of harmony and accommodation, it was offered to divide and give three hundred, — wdiich the com- mittee would agree to give with the consent of the town." The town, however, refused to accej)t the terms offVved, and sent Mr. Pelatiah Freeman to the General Court to oppose a separation. No further allusion to the separati i appears in the town or parish records. The municipal history of Penobscot, thus far, is equall\ as much that of the towns of Castine and Jirooksville. Mattel's relating to the establishment of religious preaching and schools, will be found incorporated with the chapters upon the ecclesiastical and educational history of Castine. (Subsequent to the Incoeporation of Castine.) 1796. At the annual meeting of the town, held April 4, 1796, Captain Thatcher Avery, Mr. Joseph Binney, and Mr. Thomas Wasson, were elected Selectmen. At this meeting, Captain Jeremiah Wardwell, Pelatiah Freeman, BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 71 John Wasson, Captain Thatcher Avery and Pclatiah Leach, were chosen a committee to confer with a simiUir committee, on the part of the town of Castine, in regard to the settU> ment of the accounts l)etween the two towns. Tlieir report was that of the joint committee, and will be found in the n(!xt chapter. At a meeting- held May 13th, Messrs. Joseph IJinney, Daniel Wardwell, Jr., John Snowman, Jotham Stover, Samuel Wasson, Samuel Russell, Ralph Devereux, and Captain Jeremiah Wardwell, Avere chosen a committee to divide the town into eight school districts, and to apportion the scholars and money to each district. As the municipal history of I'enobscot, subsequently to this time, contaiiis almost nothing of general interest, and so very little even of what might be deemed of local inter- est, a further adherence to the records of the town-meetings seems unnecessary. In fact, from this date down to the time of the late civil war, the chief business of the town at its annual meetings, seems to have been that of laying out, accepting, or altering, new roads, and of increasing or changing the number of school districts. The length and number of the roads in Penobscot, is probably greater than that of any other town in the county — of no larger territorial extent— and the expense attending them has been great. A full account of tiie road-making and of the appropriations for this purpose, though it might possess some value, would not be very interesting, and does not come within the scope of this work. It will be suffi- ci< lit to say, in general terms, that from the date of incor- poiation to the present time, the appropriations for high- ways have been about double those for schools. The appro- priations for schools, from the date of incorporation to the year 1850, inclusive, amounted to the sum of twenty-one thousand six hundred and sixteen dollars. This is an aver- age of three hundred and sixty-six dollars per annum. Our inability to obtain possession of any of the district records, as well as the limited time we were able to bestow upon the perusal of the town records, prevents our giving as full an account of the school history of this town as we could desire. We can, therefore, mention only such facts in regard to this, and other matters, as have come to our knowledge. 1808. In 1808, the town voted by a very large majorit}'", against a separation of the District of Maine from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 72 HISTOEY OF CASTINE, 1812. In the year 1812, the sura of one hundred and ninety dollars was added to the town's appropriation for schools. This amount accrued from the sale of lumber from the school lot. 1825. In the year 1825, the town paid Mr. William Hutchins five dollars for the draft of a plan for a new school-house. 1826. In 1826, a portion of the school lot was sold for the sum of one hundred and forty-live dollars and eighty- seven cents ; and the minister's lot was sold for three hun- dred and lifty-seven dollars and fifty-five cents. 1836. In the year 1836, the school fund amounted to eight hundred and thirty-five dollars and ten cents. This year the town voted to accept a town-house, forty feet long by thirty wide, built by Mr. William Grindle, at a cost of four hundred and sixty-six dollars. 1839—1845. In the year 1838, the school fund had increased to eight hundred and forty-eight dollars and two cents. In the year 1840, the town voted to allow the dis- tricts to choose their own school agents. In 1845, the school fund had lessened somewhat, and now amounted to seven hundred and twenty-four dollars and seventy- nine cents. The military history of the town, will be found fully treated of in connection with the same period in the history of Gastine. "N " i BR00K9V1LLE AND PENOBSCOT. n CHAPTER III. THE MUNICIPAL HISTORY OF CASTINE. Incorporation of Town. — Warnings from Town. — Report of Committee of Conference. — Setti^e- MENT OF First Pastor. — Cemetery Purchased. — Effect op the Embargo. — Resolutions in regard to it. — Petition to the President of the United States. — Committee of Purlic Safety. — Feeling in regard to the War of 1812. — Title to Com- mon. — Hearse Purchased. — Town makes a Stand against Intemperance. — Board of Health Chos- en. — Poor Farm. — Fire Engine Purchased. — Tomb Presented to the Town. — Town Library Estab- lished. — Copy of Stuart's Portrait op Wash- ington Presented to the Town. — Lock-up Voted. — By-laws Adopted. — Bounties Voted to Soldiers. 1796. By an act passed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the town of Penobscot was, upon the tenth day of February, 1796, divided into two separate towns. One portion retained the name of Penobscot. The southerly portion of the old town was incorporated by the name of Castine, in memory of the noted man whose life was so intimately connected with the history of Pentagoet. The first meeting of the town was held on the fourth day of April following. The warrants for this meeting were posted at Captain Joseph Young's house, on Cape Rozier ; at Mr. Jacob Orcutt's, near Buck's Harbor ; and at the door of Mr. Daniel Johnston's store, on the penin- sula. At this meeting, Oliver Parker was chosen Modera- tor ; Thomas Phillips, Town Clerk ; Captain Joseph Per- kins, Captain Joseph Young, and Mr. David Willsoii, were chosen Selectmen and Assessors ; and John Lee, Esq., Town Treasurer. The law, at that time, required voters to be twenty-one years of age, to have lived in town one year, and to have " a freehold estate within said town of the annual income of three Pounds, or any estate to the 74 HISTORY OP CASTINE, !''1 value of sixty Pounds." The law also authorized town."? to expel from their limits, ujiou fifteen days notice, all persons, that might be deemed necessary, who had not been sufficiently long in town to acquire a residence. This law, which to us seems so arbitrary and unjust, was doubtless enacted to enable towns to protect themselves against shiftless and worthless persons, who might other- wise become a public charge. It has happened in many towns, however, that persons thus warned liave subse- quently become the most esteemed citizens. One of the first acts of this town was, in accordance Avith tliis law and the custom of the time, to warn from town one Miriam Freethy, and, a few weeks later, five other individuals. These are the only cases in which this law was ever applied here. The population of the town, at this date, was 178. At this meeting, Isaac Parker, Esq., John Lee, Esq., Cajjtain Mark Hatch, Mr. David HoAve, and Captain John Perkins, were chosen a committee on the part of the town, to confer with a similar committee, appointed by the town of Penobscot, in relation to the settlement of the accounts between the two towns, and were given full power to adjust the same. On May the tenth, a second town-meeting was called, and the town districted for schools. On September the twenty-fourth, at a legal town-meeting, it was voted to extend an invita- tion to the Reverend Micah Stone, to be settled as Pastor of the town, and that " the sum of four hundred dollars, as agreed by the town, be given him as a yearly salary ; also, that the sum of eight hundred dollars be given him, upon his settlement as our Pastor." This vote, however, never went into effect. Upon the twenty-fifth of October, the town assembled to hear the report of the committee of conference for adjusting the accounts with the town of Penobscot. The committee reported as follows : — " First, your Committee determined that the apportion- ment of property and debts which belonged to the whole as parts of the town of Penobscot, should be made accord- ing to the ratio adopted in the Act incorporating the town of Castine, — that is to say : that Castine should be respon- sible for three-fifths of the amount of debts subsisting against the old town of Penobscot, and should be entitled to the same proportion of the property belonging to said town — the remaining two-fifths belonging to the present town of Penobscot. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 76 They find the amount of property belonsriiig to the towns to be ono tliousand one hundred and eii;hty-fivc dolhirs ; consisting of, the meeting-house on the peninsuhi, the Town Pound, a note of hand signed by Sparks Perkins, and sundry window sashes.* * * * The Committee agreed that the town of Castine should take the meeting-houso on the peninsuhi, at the priee estimated by them. They hkewise agreed that Castine should assume the whole of the debts due to the inhabitants of that town, and be credited for the surplus beyond their due proportion of debt — being one hundred and thirty-two dollars and fifty- six cents. * * * * * * 4t The Committee have likewise agreed that the land appropriated to the uses of Township Number Three, for supporting schools, minister's lot, and the lot for the use of the ministry, shall be equally divided between said towns of Castine and Penobscot, and they have drawn a Petition to thu General Court, to have this agreement carried into effect. They have likewise agreed upon a division of tlie roads wliich are to be put into repair, according to the Act of the General Court incorporating Castine. Castine takes upon itself to put in repair, according to said Act, the road from Lymburner's Ferry to Sedg- wick ; likewise, the road from the peninsula by David Willson and Joseph Hibbert, up to the line of Plantation Number Two ; also, the westerly part of the cross road leading from the last mentioned road to Pelatiah Free- man's, as far in the same road as Samuel Farnham's house." The consideration of this report was laid over to another meeting. At a meeting held the November following, tliis report was accepted by the town. At this meeting, the town elected its first School Committee, consisting of six members. It also, this year elected Isaac Parker, Esq., as its first Representative to the General Court of Massa- chusetts. As, at the time of the incorporation of the town, Penobscot was the shire town of Hancock County, and as all the County buildings were situated upon this peninsula, Castine was, by the Act aforesaid, declared to be the County seat. 76 HISTORY OF CASTINE, 1797. About the time of the incorporation of the town, the question in regiird to a scpanition of the District of Maine from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, began to be quite generally discussed, and an attempt was soon made to bring it about. The question was submitted to the towns of the Commonwealth in 1797, and the vote of Castine was found to be in a very decided majority against it. The General Court of Massachusetts this year passed a Resolve, dividing the Minister's Lot, etc., equally between the two towns. 1798. The only measure occurring the next year, entitled to notice in this place, was the invitation extended to Reverend William Mason, to become the pastor of the town, at a salary of three hundred and fifty dollars per annum, for three years. He was also to receive eight hundred dollars, upon his settlement over the town. He was ordained upon tiie second Wednesday of October. 1799. In April, 1799, Mr. Barnabas Higgins was chosen town sexton. 1800. In August, 1800, Water street was laid out. There having been some talk in regard to removing the County seat from Castine, the town, by a formal vote, protested against any change of location. 1801—1807. In 1801, Job Nelson Esq., was chosen Representative to the General Court. He was succeeded in 1803 by Doctor Oliver Mann, who was annually re- elected, until the year 1806, when he was succeeded by Captain Otis Little. He was, however, again elected in the year 1307. In the year 1804, in accordance with resolves of the General Court, Commissioners were sent here to settle, finally, the differences between the proprie- tors and settlers, in what was formerly Township No. 3. The proprietors received in Township No. 7* an equiva- lent for the lands taken by settlers in No. 3. The number of acres settled in the latter township, prior to the year 1784, was stated in their report at sixteen thousand one hundred and eighty-one acres and fifty-eight rods. 1807. In the year 1807, the town voted to purchase for a cemetery, one acre of land from Captain Mark Hatch, for the sum of thirty dollars — one-half of which Captain Hatch remitted. The town agreed to fence the land, and hang a gate near the windmill. It also agreed to give Cap- tain Hatch his choice of a burial lot. The town this year *Now the city of EUswortb. '. Ii: in ^ Ti BIlOOKSVILLli: AND PENOBSCOT. 77 voted a second time, against a separation of the District from the Commonwealth. About this time, the English began to exercise what was claimed by their government as the right of search. According to this doctrine, the English navy claimed a right to detain and search all neutral vessels, and to impress all British subjects found therein. This practice bore particularly hard upon the American marine, since the difficulty of determining, in all cases, the respective nation- ality of English and American sailors led to a total disre- gard of the rights of the latter. The only way to repress this outrageous proceeding of the English government was, either to put a stop to all mercantile communication between the two countries, or openly to declare war. Congress, whether wisely or unwisely is even now a debatable question, chose the former alternative. An embargo was, accordingly, declared upon the twenty- second of December of this year. The seaboard States were all violently opposed to this measure, and none more so than the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The citi- zens of this town, depending for their prosperity upon maritime pursuits, looked upon the prospect of a long embargo with gloomy forebodings. Their sentiments and fears upon this subject, only a few months after the pas- sage of the embargo laws, are aptly described by a youth- ful poet of the times.* ' • . :■ " Sec the bold sailor from the ocean torn, His element, sink friendless and forlorn ! His suffering spouse the tear of auf^ulsli shed, His starvinjj children cry aloud fop bread! On the rough billows of "misfortune tost, Resources fail, and all his hopes are lost; To foreign climes for that relief he flies, His native land ungratefully denies. The farmer, since supporting trade is fled, Leaves the rude joke, and clieerless hangs his head; Misfortunes fall, an unremitting shower. Debts loUow debts, on taxes, taxes pour. See in his stores his lioarded produce rot, ' Or Slieriff's sales his produce bring to naught; Disheartening cares in thronging myriads flow, Till down he sinks, to poverty and woe." Having experienced, in a measure, some of the miseries so vividly portrayed in the above quotation, it was not, unnatural that this town should, like many others in New England, attempt to exercise some influence over the National Councils. ♦Written by William CuUen Bryant, when only fc^urtcen years of age. 11 78 HISTORY OF CA8TINE, 1808. Accordingly, in the year 1808, the town voted that the Selectmen transmit, under their hands, to the President, the following petition : — " To the President of the United States: The inhabit iints of the Town of Castine, in Town- meeting legally assembled, respectfully represent: — That, habituated to commercial pursuits, and drawing their support and wealth fruin the ocean and from foreign countries, the laws laying an embargo are peculiarly dis- tressing to them. Although they have doubted the expe- diency of these laws, and even their constitutionality — when imposed for an unlimited time, — yet they have hitherto waited with patience, in the hope that our diffi- culties with the great powers of Europe might be so adjusted, that it woula be consistent with the policy of our (iovernment to remove the embargo. That this dis- tressing measure has had any favorable influence on our foreign relations, does not at present appear ; but that your petitioners have endured heavy losses, their idle ships and perishing commodities unfortunately bear positive testimony. The events noAV taking place in Spain, so glorious to that nation, and so piopitious to the Libekty and happi- ness of mankind, ojjen to your petitioners the prospect of a ready market for their surplus produce, and at the same time afford them an opportunity, which they would eagerly seize, of repaying an ancient obligation. They, therefore, pray your Excellency that the Embargo may be in whole or in part suspended, according to the powers vested in you by the Congress of the United States ; and, if any doubt exist as to the competency of those powers, that Congress may be convened to take the subject into their consideration." 1809. In the year 1809, Captain Otis Little was, a second time, elected Iie[)resentative to the General Court, This year, a bounty of twelve and a half cents per capita. was offered b\' the town, for all croivs killed within its limits. At a town-meeting held January thirtieth, Mason Shaw, Otis Little, Job Nelson, John Perkins, Moses S. Judkins, and Captain Mark Hatch, were chosen a Committee of Public Safety. At this same niceting, the town voted that : " the thanks of tlii, meeting be given to Captain Samuel A. Whitney, for his manly and patriotic conduct in withdrawing his guns from the cutter. BROOKaVTLLE AND PENOBsrOT. 79 ill the service of the United States, to onforeo tli«' Embargo laws." Tills vote pl;u!ily show- that the doctrine o^' *'Stiite Rights" must have liad advocates in this section of the country, ev».;i at that irly day. On what other ground could it bo called patriotii;, to throw impediments in the way of the execution of National laws? 1812. On June 18th, 1812, war was drclared between Great Britain and.the United States. Party spirit ran high at tills time, and the people of this town, in common with the majority of those in the District of Maine, were even more opposed to the war than they had been to the embar- go. One of the resolutions, passed about this time, shows the state of feeling then prevalent. — " We consider the sea our Fakm, and our shijis our Stoukuouses, and that our rights therein ought not to be diminished or destroyed." The town, at its different meetings this year, passed res- olutions in favor of the liberty of speech and of the press, and in regard to the duty of the people to raise their voice against the wrong-doing of the government. Also, against the embargo, non-intercourse and non-importation laws, and against a declaration of war with Great Hritain. Also, deprecating any alliance with France ; against voluntari/ enlistments — but in favoi of resisting actual invasion ; and against the conduct of the Senate, '■^ de-facto,'^ of Massachu- setts, in refusing to submit the choice of electors for Pres- ident and Vice-President, to the people at large. A second Committee of Public Safety were chosen, consist!. ig of Captain Joseph Perkins, William Abbott, Esq., Mason Shaw, Esq., Captain Elisha Dyer, and Job Nelson, Esq. The town also, at this meeting, voted that " the thanks of this meeting be presented to the gentlemen composing the former Committee of Safety, for their patriotic conduct in sending to the Governor for arms and ammunition, and that i their doings be approved of." It was also voted that the Committee of Public Safety be ins'ructed to deliver the arms, that might be furnished the town by direction of the government, to such applicants as they should judge expe- dient for the best protection and safety of the town. Also, that they should take the applicant's receipt therefor, that [they should be returned, in good order, on demand. In addition to the excitement in regard to national affairs, Jthe people of this town were considerably agitated in iregard to the proposed removal of the Courts. The Repre- isentativc to the General Court was instructed to use all legal 80 HISTORY OP CA8TINE, nioasurca to oppose Huoh a removal, and a rommittnc was appoiiitcil to draw up a n'lnonstrance a^'ainnt tlie mert8Uiv, and to forward copies tliereof, to the Selectmen of the several (owns of the county. 1813. 'J'he feeling against the war continuing to exist in all iis intensity, the town, at its annual meeting in 181:), passed a resolution that, — '*the Representative of this town l»e instructed to nse hisinflueiuie with the JiCgislature, that they may assert the just rights of this Comnionweulth ; put an end to the calamities wliieh we now endure ; restore to lis the inestimable blessings of peace and commerce; and secure on a permanent basis that liberty purchased by the blood of our ancestors." At a subsecjuent meeting, held October 27th, it was voted: — "That Job Nelson, William Abbott, and Thomas E. Hale, Esqrs., be a com- mittee to prepare an address to the General Court, express- ive of our feelings and sentiments relative to the alarming consequences which are likely to follow from the further prosecution of the war, and from several unconstitutional clauses in the late act of tlio government of the United States, laying an embargo — particularly in restricting the coasting trade from one port to another in the same State — and that they make their report at the adjournment of this meeting." The town this year passed a vote of thanks to Major Otis Little, for his faithful services as their Repre- sentative to the General Court of the Commonwealth. It also appears upon the records for this year, that the Fire- Avards were provided, at the expense of the town, with suitable badges of their office. 1814—1815. In the year 1814, the town offered a bounty of two dollars, for each wild-cat killed during the yeal". The town this year voted to have a bridge built across the narrows at Captain F. Bakeman's Mill Pond. The building of this bridge was set up at auction, and Jonathan L. Stevens bid it off at the sum of two hundred and twenty dollars. Mr. Thomas Adams represented the town this year at the General Court. The town was occupied by the British, during a portion of the years 1814 and 1815, but no allusion to this event appears in the Municipal records. In the latter year, a title was, for the first time, obtained to the Common. 1816. In 1816, Thomas E. Hale was chosen Represen- tative to the General Court. The town at this meeting voted : " That the thanks of this town be given to Deacon ftROOKSVlLLE AND PENOnSCOT. ftfe' Pavid Willsnn, for liis lonj? and faitlifiil sorviccB as a Selectman; ho luivin^^ sctvcmI in that oiHic^c for nimtren years successively, and now at this nii-eting dcelinos a re-election.'" The town this year voted a third tiniu apjainst a sej)aration of the l)istrior. 1849. In 1849, the town voted " that ten per cent of the highway tax be annually appropriated to the purchase and setting out of ornamental trees. 1852. In the year 1852, the Common was fenced. This year the following letter — donating a Tomb — was received by the Selectmen : — *' Bangor, October 14th, 1852. To the Selectmen of the town of Castine. Gentlemen : Being the owner of a tomb in the ceme- tery at Castine, I propose to give it to the town, to be used by them 03 a receiving tomb. If they accept the gift, it is my wish that it be always in the care of the Selectmen of the town, and tha : once a 3'ear — say in the month of May — it should be cleaned of all the dead bodies which may have been deposited there. With a lively recollection of the many favors bestowed on me while I was a citizen of your town, and with my wishes for the welfare and happiness of its inhabitants, I remain, Respectfully, Your Obedient Servant, JOSEPH BRYANT." The town, at its first meeting thereafter, formally accepted the gift of this tomb. 1853. The next year, — 1853 — the town voted to have plank sidewalks upon ever^ street in the town. 1855. In the year 1855, the town Library was estab- lished. The books left by the Social Library Association formed the nucleus of this library. The town voted : — " To raise a sum equal to one dollar on each poll assessed the last year, one-half to be collected the present year, and oue-hali the next year, to be expended in establishing a public library." Is voted also — '' that a committee of five persons be appointed by the Moderator, to make the rules 84 ' HISTORY OP CASTINE, and regulations for governing said library." Charles J. Abbott, William H. Witherle, Roland H. Bridgliani, Sam- uel Adams, and Joseph L. Stevens, were appointed as this committee. Mr. Frederic A. Hooke was clioi?age. Emily,t tl'is .;i:;bt so blessed in love and riches, *AVorthingtou ([the .I'o.fr - J nt^uu.-'i)— Lieut. Gastin, Royal Artillery. tEmlly Worlliui^t >j> -\fajcr T* .uii .. ^ Hull, «2d Regt. (Major of Brigade). BROOKSVILLE AND PENOUvSCOT. 87 At mrniiiig's dawn dlraws on hor l)oots and breecJjes; Then ^vniiiJion-liUcextonds the martial line, <«ivos (tut t'Dinn^ands and soals the cnuutorsij;n. The i)r<»ud Lucretia,* tlunif^h so nobly bred, Oft bJecds and blisters at the Galen's head; And gay Sir"'Jharle.s,t forgettinj,' Eniily'.s loss, Attends all duties under Corporal Foss.J Frederick, ij no grave magistrate surpiusses, In ministering oaths and writiijg passes. AV^hile Old lliirrowby'sll voiei' the vale alarms, With ' Attention ! • Steady ! J Shovddor Anns!' And warlike aims the Coruet'sH soul intlanie; He shuts up shop, and treads the paths of fame. At Sir llobert's** new] the firm Ramparts ris«, .' The Bastions rnngo — the vengeful Kullet Hies. Anxious to please, eaeh member of the eorps, Slnill do Ills best to cb.ier this dreary shore ; More thankful still when, tried by eandor's laws. The Poor Ci V #i ^ :\ \ ■4^ ^:v^ \ #^ '^ f^ ^1.^ ,k^. %" m. &- ^ m 94 HISTOEY OF CASTTNE. yellow handkerchief; but liii" business increased to such an extent, that he afterwards used saddle-bagrf. [Eaton's Thomaston, So. Thomaston, and Kockland.] In 1799, thei'Pi were letter mails once a week, but the regular news- papers were delivered by a special post. The earliest mail from this place, to the eastern part of the State, Avas carried by John Grindell, of Sedgwick, about the year 1795. His contract with Joseph Habersham, Post Master General U. S. A., has been preserved. According to the terms of this contract, he was to carry the mail '* from Passamaquoddy, by Machias, Gouldsborough, Sullivan, Trenton and Bluehill, to Penobscot, in the District of Maine ; and from Penobscot by the same route to Passa- maquoddy, once in two weeks, at the rate of eighty-four dollars and fifty cents for every quarter of a year." There were no roads at that time, and he carried the mail in a boat along the shore. The earliest mail to Ellsworth, that we can learn of, was carried by Abner Lee, of this town. Mr. Lee at first drove the stage with two horses ; but having, through some misfortune, lost one of them, he afterwards drove it for several years with a horse and heifer harnessed together.* The regular mail was first carried to Bucksport, in 1819, by Benjamin F. Stearns. David Howe, Esq., was the Post Master here in 1800, and was the first of whom any record exists. There was no daily mail to this town, until some time in the month of February, 1828. Captures of Vessels. The news carried each way by the mail or special post, was not always the cause of rejoicing. Accounts of ship- wrecks and captures abroad, together with the occurrence of fires, diseases, trials, deaths, and other calamities at liome, gave occasion for the exhibition of more serious feelings. During the troubles v/ith France and England — from 1799 to 1810 — there were many captures made of vessels hailing from this port. On June 1st, 1799, the schooner Polly, bound from Barbadoes to Wilmington, was captured by the French, and the crew made prisoners. The schooner Lark was also captured by the French, the same year, and her deck load destroyed. In 1800, the *Suoli in the traditional account here. We have no positive testimony to this etfcct. BEOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 95 ship ffiram, Captain Samuel Austin Whitney, was cap- tured four time.s, by the French. In tlie year 1810, the S('hooner Abigail^ Captain John Perkins, was also taken by the cruisers of the same nation. The account of the third capture of the ship Hiram, in a hook entitled, *' Inci- dents in the Life of Samuel Austin Whitney, [pp. 37 to 41, of Appendix,] is so interesting that we give it entire: — " On the thirteenth of September, 1800, the Hiram was tak'en by a French armed vessel. By dint of long persuasion, the Frenchmen were prevailed upon to allow Captain Whitney to stay by his vessel, together with his yoiuig brother Henry, an old man, and a boy. They put a prize-master and nine men on l)oard — one of whom was a negro. Captain Whitney had secured his pistols in a crate. When his companions saw him putting out of the way every article that could be used as a weapon, clearing up decks, and making everything tidy, they concluded that ere long they should be called upon to bear a hand ; . and in this they were not disappointed. The prize-master was lying on the hen-coop, dozing ; there was a light wind, and some of the crew chanced to be in the forecastle. Captain Whitney went below, after placing the heavers where he could see them, and took his rusty pistols from the crate. He came on deck, went directly aft, and knocked down the man Avho was steering. He next grappled the prize-master, lying upon the hen- coop, who proved too stout for him ; and while he was trying to put him overboard, the men below heard the out- cry, and ran to the rescue. As the ship rolled at that moment, he pushed the prize-master overboard, and regained his footing just as the crew reached the quarter- deck. He then drew his pistol, saying that he would shoot the first man that came another inch aft, and leveled a blow with his fist at the leader, who ran forward, the rest following, — Captain Whitney at their heels, with a hammer in one hand, and a pistol in the other. They ran forward around the long boat, and so aft, and as often as they turned, he would point the pistol, saying : — ' Sur- render, and I will use you well ; resist, and I will shoot,' or words to that effect. There was a negro — he might have been the cook ; but I do not recollect about that — who sallied out from the rest of the crew, armed with an axe, which had been overlooked. As they passed around the long boat forward, the negro made a stand to disable 96 HISTORY OF CASTING, Captain Whitney, as he went by, driving the crew before him ; but a shot from the pistol brought him to the deck, find a "well-directed blow with the axe killed him upon the spot. After this decisive act, the men made only one more turn, and ran into the cabin ; and so terrified were they, that Captain Whitney, who followed them in, seized a chest by the handle, and drew it clear to the deck of the ship. He afterwards remarked : — ' I never could tell how it was done, for it was very heavy.' Hav- ing landed it on deck, the first tiling that met his eye "was the man he had thrown overboard, who had just regained the deck, and stabbed his brother Henry, with a dirk. He said to the old man, ' Stop that fellow ; ' and himself dealt a blow which so staggered him that he was able to put him into the cabin with the others, — now eight in all. Poor Henry was in a sad state, faint with luss of blood, and no means of stopping it at hand ; but the Whitney courage never failed him. His brother took some oakum, and bound it over the place made by the knife, and, carrying him to the forecastle, laid him down beside a lot of bottles. He stationed the old man at the companion-way, also with several bottles — to be used in case of resistance. He then ordered the men up, one b;y one, and they were all put down into the ship's forecastle. Having secured his prisoners, his next thought was for his young brother, who had gone below, and seemed to be quite comfortable ; but in three days, he was very ill. On examining the wound, it proved to be very badly gangrened, and Captain Whitney was certain he must lose him ; but all he could, or did do, was to keep the wound wet with brandy, till Henry was convalescent. Captain Whitney had possession of his ship ten days ; and during that time, and until he was again captured, he passed all the food to the crew through a hole which had been made for a funnel, when, on his previous voyage, he carried passengers forward. He and the man handled the heavy canvass, so that the ship was under easy way. About nine o'clock in the morning, his man, then at the helm, discovered a sail, bearing directly for them, but a long distance oif. He called Captain Whitney, who, after watching the stranger some time with his glass, said, ' We will keep on our course ; T have no doubt it is a French Man-of-War.' When within a mile of her, the captain took the helm, and sent the man below. They were soon BRooKsrrLtE AND Penobscot. 97 ' before e deck, m iipon inly one ;d were liem in, .' to the I never ' Hav- his eye iiad just , with a V ; ' and t he was rs, — now int with and; but iher took e by the im down an at the e wsed. in b, one by orecastle. was for seemed was very sry badly he must ceep the cent. en days ; captured, jle which s voyage, handled y way. en at the m, but a ho, after ,aid, ' We a French captain ere soon within speaking distance, when he was ordered to send his boat on board ; but he took no notice of the privateer, which had shot ahead, rounded to, and run across the stern of the Hiram quite near, hailing, ' Send your boat on board of us.' After tampering with his pursuers in this Avay for some time, they fired on him ; but he still kept on his course ; they backing, filling, chasing antl firing, till finally, the wind dying almost entirely away, they ran so near as to inquire what he meant. He had no colors flying. He replied that he was alone, and could not leave his ship ; and if they wanted anything of him, they must come and see him ; at which they asked him to heave back his topsail. He called his man, and hove the ship to, and a boat was sent to him, the French captain, who spoke English, coming himself. A long discussion ensued between Captain Whitney and the French commamler, who, at first, was incredulous at his statement ; but, w liile they were talking, some of the boat's crew went to the forecastle, and set the prisoners free. The prize-master soon told the whole story, whete- upon the French captain exclaimed : ' Sacre, one man take nine ! ' The prize-master entreated them to spare him. It was mortifying enough to be taken, but he did not wish to hear about it. It was a long time before Captain Whit- ney could persuade them to let him remain by the ship. He urged upon them the unfairness of taking him away, as they might fall in with an English cruiser, and in that case he would be on the spot to claim his property. At last they consented, and to let Henry stop with him ; but his man was taken on board of their vessel. He belonged in Newport, and was living at the time Captain Whitney told of these transactions. They put on board the Hiram a lieutenant and eighteen men. Captain Whitney's first work now Avas to destroy, or put out of order, all their nautical instruments. His own quadrant he was master of himself, and kept a dead reckoning, so that he knew something of their position. After sailing about a week, the crew grew luieasy, and the oSicers lost confidence in themselves, and applied to their prisoner to navigate the ship. He told them that he would do so, and gave them his word that he would do all in his power that they should be well treated ! Finally they gave him the command. He sliaped his course for Savannah, as nearly ivs he could, and in a few days had S8 '' Itl STORY 01?' CASTIKE, tho inexpressible joy of seeing the land, and feeling the land breeze. Said he : 'In twenty-foUr hours I should have been in, had not the lieutenant called the men aft, a.id telling them what an everlasting disgrace it would be to him, persuaded them to let him again have eommand.' Twice they foiled him in this way. Twice he had made his port, and twice they took all hope fi-om him ; and when they turned from land the second time, he told them, in pretty strong language, that they might take the ship and go to perdition., for he Would haVe no more to do with them ; and then he went below. ' In a day or two after this,' he said ' as I was lying in my berth, I heard a great noise on deck, and as I rolled over, the ship came round within half cable-length of the shore, and not a soul but myself knew Avhere we were. It was Bermuda. I then made up my mind that I Avould advise a little, and directed them how to shape their course for Guadaioupe, meaning all the time to bring up at Martinique, and in this I was pretty successful.' He continued: 'It was about eight o'clock in the mornings, when the lieutenant came below, and told me we had made a large ship, that we must be near Guadaioupe, and before morning, would be in. I laughed to myself, to see how nicely they were caught, but said nothing, till they were so near that there was no chance for escape. I then said to the lieutenant, ' You had better have gone to the United States ; you are a prize to the English.' The lieutenant was perfectly dnmb for a moment. He saw what must take place ; and as they got ready a barge from the ship, he lagged of me, when they hailed, to say, ' an American ship.' ' 1 will,' I re- plied, ' but I will also add, a prize to the French, which I did, and the reply was, ' We shall be most happy to relieve you.' He was at Port Royal three months ; and the court be- fore which the case was tried gave several dinners without asking him, or even inviting him to the table ; and when the salvage ^\ as paid, he found the dinners charged also, costing him several hundred dollars! At last he set sail under convoy, and arrived in Savannah some time in 1801." Shipwrecks and Drowning. In a toAvn situated upon the sea-side, whose chief inter- ests and pursuits have always been of a maritime nature, it would be expected that shipwrecks and deaths by n^ tlie should ten aft, mid he iHiand.' d made n ; and 1 them, he ship ; to do or two heard a ip came d not a ermuda. ttle, and [laioupe, d in this IS about ,nt came we must 36 in. I ight, but was no lit, ' You u are a ly dnmb lis they e, when I,' I re- Iwhich I |o relieve )urt be- , without Id when [ed also, he set Ine time }f inter- nature, laths by BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. drowning would be events of not uncommon occurrence. Disasters to navigation have been, perhaps, as common to the citizens of this community as to others; but deaths by drowning have been comparatively rare occurrences. There is no rscord to bo fortnd oi^ any such accident hap- pening, pnor to the yetir 179-lr. From that date down to the year 186 J, a period of sixty -five years, there have been in all, forty-four persons, residents of Castine, who have thus lost their lives. An average of .62 per annum. Of this number, twenty-four were lost at sea, one at New Orleans, and two in Penobscot Bay, leaving but eighteen Avho could have been drowned within the limits of this harl)or. Of this latter number, iu six cases the record of their death does not state where they were drowned. The saddest event of this kind Wus the loss of the schooner J. M. Tilden and crew, on the island of Amherst — one of the Magdalen group — in October, 1867. Eighteen men, in all, perished at this time. The captain, Benjamin Syl- vester, and one man, belonged in Deer Isle. The remain- ing sixteen belonged in this town. One-half of the men v/ere married, and all of them were very worthy young J len. Many of them were part owners of the vessel. In addition to the above mentioned cases, the schooner Sam- uel Noyes was wrecked, on the thirteenth day of February, 18-18, it being the second day out, on her trip to Cuba, and five men perished on board, from exposure. The captain, Mr. James Hatch, was taken from the wreck, after nine days exposure, and died in Glasgow, Scotland, two days after having had his leg amputated. In 1842, Robert McFarland, of this town, aged twenty-nine years, was murdered, by the natives, on the coast of Africa. * Fires and Fire Companies. Castine has suffered but few times from fires, and never from any very extensive conflagration. The earliest lire in this vicinity, to which any reference can be found, was that of Mr. Justus Sopher's house, at Penobscot, in 1797. In 1809, the schooner Commerce, owned by Messrs. Hooke and Witherle, was destroyed by fire. In 1819, a barn, belonging to T. Avery, Esq., of North Castine, was struck by lightning, and burned. In 1821, occurred the most extensive fire that has ever been known here. The stores of Major Little, Holbrook »Sc Brooks, Witherle & Jarvis, 100 HISTORY or CASTINE, and Joseph Palmer, being entirely consumed, although their contents were for the most part saved. On March 6th, 1828, the rope-walk was burned, and October 7th, 1880, the new one erected in place of it was also destroyed by fire. On August 21st, 1848, the houses of Mr. Otis Little, and of Judge Nelson, were burned. The last serious fire occurred in the year 1857, upon the first of March. At this fire, the store of Hatch & Bridgham, occupied at that time by Mr. James B. Crawford, and Charles J. Abbott, Esq., was entirely consumed. The first fire engine in town was the Hancock, Number One. When, and by whom, this engine was obtained, is a matter of some doubt. It was not likely that it was pur- chased by the town, since no appropriation for it appears upon the town records. The only accounts we have of the company belonging to it, are contained in a few scorched leaves — parts of the records of the company — which were found on the wharf, shortly after the burning of the store of Hatch & Bridgham, and in a list of its members for the year 1840. The following extracts from the leaves referred to, will be of interest : — *' Friday, August 13th, 1819. Last evening, after four days continued fog, the wind suddenly changed to north- east, and the clouds seemed to indicate a storm approach- ing. Between eight and nine o'clock, the thunder and lightning was frequent and heavy, though apparently some distance ofir. At ten, the storm commenced ; the wind veered to southeast, attended with thunder and lightning, heavy and sharp in the extreme; the rain descended in torrents. About twelve o'clock, the wind changed to northwest, and three severe shocks of thunder and lightning were heard, in quick succession, dreadful beyond comparison. A barn, belonging to T. Avery, Esq., was struck at this time, and entirely consumed, with its contents, about fifty tons of hay, farming utensils, etc. It also struck the house of Mr. Avery, and slightly dam- aged it ; also entered the house of Mrs. Freeman, and split a bedstead, on which were two females. It also struck the Packet sloop General Washington^ lying ^t Gray's wharf, and split the mast from the topmast to the deck, taking out almost one-quarter of the mast. The fire seemed at first a considerable distance off, and, it then storming very bad, it vras thought best not to start the engine. About throe o'clock, morning, the bell BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 101 sounded tlie alarm of fire, tlie storm liavinj^ abated, and Cajjtaiii Avorj being fearful of tbe wind coming to tbe north, in wliich case his liouse would be endangered from the burning ruins of. the barn, sent for the engine to assist in quenching it. Repaired to the spot with the engine, with all possible dispatch." umber led, is IS pur- ppears ave of a few )any— urning , of its :s from "Monday, July 3d, 1820. At four o'clock to-day, repaired to the engine house. Voted to meet at eleven o'clock to-morrow morning, to choose officers, and to par- take of some punch, to be provided by the committee. Mr. Fuller came late, and was fined one shilling ami sixpence. I. S. COFFIN, Clerl vk." " Tuesday, July 4th, 1820. Met this day at Mason's Hall, per adjournment, and partook of some refreshments, provided by the committee. Jonathan L. Stevens was re-chosen captain, and I. S. Coffin, 'clerk. Messrs. J. H. Jarvis, T. B. Capron, and S. Adams, committee to serve for the year ending May, 182] . I. S. COFFIN, Clerk." " Sunday, January 28th, 1821. Early this morning, the inhabitants of this town were alarmed by the cry of fire. It originatf d in the counting-room of the store occupied by Holbr')ok & Brooks, and had made great progress before it was discovered. This building, (viz ; — stores occupied by Major 0. Little, Holbrook & Brooks, Witherle & Jarvis, and Joseph Palmer) was entirely con- sumed ; the contents principally ^aved. The store of B. Brooks, on the wharf, caught fire two or three times, but was as often extinguished. The exertions of all, on this occasion, were great in the extreme, and deserve much credit — of which the females are entitled to a good share. Never were people more engaged, or more resolute. The store of David Howe, Esq., distant only fourteen inches from the building on fire, was not even scorched. Sails were suspended from the eaves of this building, and kept constantly wet, to which, in a great degree, should be attributed its salvation. Where all did well, it is hard to select ; but the active, the zealous exertions of Messrs. E, 14 102 HTSTOEY OF CASTINE, M. P. Wells, John Leo, C. K. Tilden, George Coffin, and Joseph Palmer, were so conspicuous, that we should do injustice, not to put their names on reconl. The whole loss is estimated at seven thousand one hundred and lifty dollars. I. S. COFFIN, Clerk." In the year 1840, the military company, known as the Hancock Guards, oifered their services to. the town, as Engine Men. Their offer was probably not accepted, as a number of other persons agreed to put the engine in thorough repair, to keep it in good condiCion, and to per- form all the duties required of Engine Men. The following is the list of membei's approved, at that time, by the Selectmen : — M. P. Hatch, Frederick A. Jarvis, Andrew BroAvn, Otis Morey, John Clark, Sylvester Simpson, Nathaniel Hooper, Charles H. Averill, Mason H. Wilde, Josexdi W. Stearns, Joseph B. Brooks, Elisha D. Perkins, Benjamin D. Gay, J. S. Gardner, James H. Hall, Joshua Hooper, Jr., Francis Vanwycke, . Noah Mead, Jr., Levi S. Emerson, Elbridge G. Bridges, Daniel Gallighan, Thomas Sellers, Thomas Williamson, Elbridge G. Hall, James B. Crawford, • Asa Howard, Josiah B. Woods. This engine was the only one in town, until the year 1845, when the Bagaduce, Number Two, was purchased. At what time the fire ladders were bought, and the boxes made for them, is not known with certainty, since no reference is made to them in the town records. It is not unlikely that they were purchased about the same time that the Bagaduce Engine was, and were paid for from the contingent fund. ^1 Disease and Moktality. .Castine has always enjoyed a remarkable immunity from epidemic and infectious diseases. Indeed, it may be considered a pre-eminently healthy place. The mortality of the town compares favorably with that of any other in the State, and is mostly confined to those advanced in life. [ir BIIOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 108 The few deaths which occur here are principally from phthlnis pulmonalin (consumption). Typhoid Fever and Dysentery are almost unknown here as epidemics. Doc- tor Josei)h L. Ste])lien.s, who has kept a record of all the deaths in town for more than thirty years, informs us that the projiortion of deaths from pulmonary consumption is much below the average, and that the percentage of deaths, from ALL causes, he believes to l)e below the gen- eral average of the country towns in New England — averaging for the last half centmy, only 1.38 per cent, of the population. To use his own language : — " Dysentery is scarcely known here, there having been but three deaths from it within fifty years. Cholera Infantum usually appears every autumn — deaths averaging from one to iive. Of Iiillammation of the Lungs, the average is thought to be large. In the number of' dangerous chronic diseases are Epilepsy and Insanity. It is feared that in this place they may even be called endemic. Of the former, six cases have been known to exist at once, — vary- ing in duration from one year to forty. Of Insanity, the proportion is large. There are now, from this town, four cases in the asylum at Augusta, and there has been an average of three there, ever since it was first founded. For the first twenty years of the writer's residence here, not one fatal case of Croup is remembered. Since then, a number have occurred, but none within the last five or six years. Of Chronic Rheumatism, Ave have probably our full share ', but of Acute Rheumatism, (Rheumatic Fever,) the proportion of cases is very small. We think it can bo noted as a matter of congratulation, the comparative free- dom of the town from Intemperance. Prior to the remark- able temperance reform which commenced about forty-five years ago, there would occur, occasionally, a case of Delirium Tremens. The Washingtonian movement, so called, in aid of this reform, happened soon after. Since then, not a single case, of any severity, has occurred here. During the v/hole residence of the writer in town, but one fatal case has occurred, and that Avas complicated with a very serious and painful injury. It must be stated, how- ever, that many cases of disease have been indirectly owing to intemperate habits." Such being the facts in regard to the health of the town, it is not surprising that but little attention should have been paid here to sanitary matters — except at rare inter- '^i. 104 IirSTOTtY OF CASTIJ^E, vals. In the year 18()i], owinf]^ to sotno cases of a malignant * cngaj^ed in them, durinjjf the forty-eight years that I'enoh- Kcot and Castine were the shire towtis of the county. From other sources, however, we have been enabled to obtain some im|)erl'ect accounts of the several mvnIcrH on account of which iniliAiduals have undergone trial before the Suprenu' Court, at this j)lace. The earliest trial of this kind, of Avhidi we are able to olitain any account, occurred in the year 1811, before Judges Parker, Sewall, and Tiiatcher. At that time, a man by the name of Ebenezer Ball, who resided on Deer Island, Avas tried here, for the nuirder of John Tileston Downcs, a ileputy sheriff, who was attem|)t- ing to arrest liim, on the charge of passing countt'rfeit money. He was convicted, and sentenced to be hung. An attempt was made to obtain a pardon from the Execu- tive, but it was unsuccessful, and the sentence was carried into execution on Thursday, October Jllst, iHll. [Judge Parker's Letter to Executive, Mass. Arciiives.] The gibbet was erected in the cenicT of Fort George. A large con- course of citizens follow .d the criminal, when escorted from the jail to the place of execution, piomiilent among whom was "old Parson Fisher," of IJluehill, who dis- tributed to the crowd copies of a very pathetic ballad written by himself, for the occasion. The following extracts constitute all of tliis poetry that we have been able to obtain :— "Tlie day is come: Hip solemn hour draws near, When Oh! ixior JJuU, you (niickly must appear Before your (iod and Judgf. " ,. . * * • * * The people from all (piarters come , , With inteut to see Bail hung. , ' ■ Wlien nionnted on the gallows liigh, lie to a friend diil say : ' Pray take my body wlien I'm dead, And safely it convey. Doer Isle :— I pray inter it there ; This is my last rciinest. Tins, this is all 1 have to say; Oh, leave it there to rest !' Take warning, then, O my dear friends, Let me advise you all ; I'ray shun all vice, and do not die Like Ebenezer Ball." 106 mSTORY OF CASTINE, y In the year 1817, [Williamson's History, Vol. I, p. 501,] nn Indian, named Susup, was tried here, for the murder of Captain Knight, a bar-keeper at Bangor. This murder Was committed under extreme provocation, and mucli sym- pathy was felt for Susup. Judge Mellen, then in the height of his popularity, defended the prisoner. Judge Ivlellen appeared on this occasion in the full court dress of that period, and gave undoubted indications of his inten- tion to secure the acquittal of his client, if possible. Sometime in the course of the trial, he arose, and informed the Court that Governor Neptune, of the Penobscot tribe of Indians, was present, and desired to be heard. The consent of the Court being obtained, Neptune arose, with grea^^ dignity, and standing for a moment with head bo>ved, but with body erect, with great solemnity commenced the following plea — unsurpassed in eloquence by any of the speeches imputed to the famous Logan : — " One (lod make us all • He make white man, and he make Indian. He make .ne white m:in good, and some Indian good. He make uome white man bad, and some Indian bad. But on^j God make us all. You know your people do my Indians great deal wrong. They abiise them very much— yes, they murder them — then they v/alk right ofT; nobody touches them. This makes my heart burn. Wull then, my Indians say, ' We will go kill your very bad and wicked men.' ' No,' I tell 'em ; ' never do that thing ; we are brothers.' Some time ago, a verv bad man about Boston shot an Indian dead. Your people said surely he should die ; but it was not so. In the great prison-house he eats and lives to this day. Certainly he never dies for killing Indian. My brothers say, ' Let that bloody man go free — Peol Susur, too.' So we wish. Hope tills the hearts of us all. Peace is good. These, my Indians, love it well. They smile under its shade. The white man and the red man must bo always friends. The Great Spirit is our Father. I speak what I feel." This appeal to the jury was so far successful tiiat Susup was only sentenced to one year's imprisonment, and to bo bound over in the sum of five hundred dollars, to keep the peace for two years. John Neptune, and other Indians, were his sureties. Susup's wife and four or five children, a large number of his own tribe, besides several St. Johns and Passiimaquoddy Indians, attended this trial. BROOiCSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 107 About this time, though possibly two or three years later, Doctor Moses Adams, of Ellsworth, previously a practicing physicjiaii in this town, was tried here, before Judge Mellen, for the murder of his wife. The latter Avas found dead in the house, her throat having been cut by an axe. Suspicion fell ujjon the doctor, because he was seen, shortly after tlie time when the deed was supposed to have been committed, on a road some distance back of the house, walking rapidly, and occasionally turning around and looking towards the house, as if to see whether he was pursued. Judge Mellen, however, in his charge to the jury, called attention to the fact that the day was oppressively warm, the doctor a fast walker, and that nothing was more natural than for him to turn around occasionally, to obtain the benefit of what little breeze might be blowing from that direction. The prisoner was acquitted, for want of sufficient evidence. On February 8, 1825, one Seth Elliott, of the town of Knox, in Waldo Co., was hung here for the murder of his child, whom he killed in a fit of intoxication. The gallows was erected in the same spot where that used in the execu- tion of Ball, was placed. The particulars of the trial we have been unable to obtain, but Doctor Joseph L. Stevens, who was, at the time, the physician appoited to attend the prisoners of the County, informs us that Elliott was con- fined in the iail for one year previous to his execution, and that during this time he twice attempted suicide. The second time he succeeded in cutting his throat to such an extent as completely to sever the trachea. The wound was however, closed by the doctor, and his life prolonged to the appointed time. The night preceding his execution, the doctor called to bid him farewell. He had just shaken hands with him, and started to leave, when the prisoner recalled him, and inquired from whom he expected payment for his services. " My dear sir," remarked the astonished doctor, "why do you think of this at such a time ! I pre- sume the bill will be paid by the County." The prisoner then informed him that he should leave some property, and that he was sure his family would see him remunerated, adding : " The County ought to pay it. It is hard for a man to be imprisoned and then hung, and be obliged to pay his doctor's bill for the time, too." It was the duty of the doctor to be present at his execution, and to determine the fact of his death. It was currently reported at the time — 108 HISTORY OF CASTTNE, much to the amusement of the good doctor — that the body, after being cut down, was removed to his office, where it was resuscitated by him. The latest trial of this kind was that of a Mrs. Keefe, "who was tried for poisoning her husband. We have been unable to obtain any particulars whatever, in regard to this case, except the mere fact that she was acquitted for lack of evidence. Epitaphs. In the cemetery of the town, are to be found some graves of quite old date, though very few of them contain upon their head-stones any epitaphs of peculiar interest. We inscit, however, two or three of the most noteworthy. The first occupant, a British officer named Charles Steward, was interred in 1783. He is said to have killed himself with his own sword, on account of his mortification at being put under arrest by his commanding officer, for having sent a challenge to another officer with whom he had recently quarrelled. In 1819, the following tablet was erected to his memory, chiefly through the exertions of the late Mr. William Witherle and Doctor Joseph L. Stevens: In memory of CHARLES STEWARD, The earliest occupant of This Mansion of the Dead, a native of Scotland, & 1st Lieut. Comm. of his B. M. 74th Regt. of foot, or Argyle Highlanders, Who died in this town while .. it was in possession of the Enemy, ' March, A. D. 1783, and was interred beneath this stone. Mt. about 40 yrs. This Tablet was inserted A. D. 1849. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. Captain Skinner's tombstone reads as follows: — 109 *' Cai>t. ISAIAH SKINNER, Died Aug. 11, 1837, Aged 72 years. He chose the post of duty in which he could do most good; and fdlcd a long life with skill, fidelity and useful- ness. The tirst to sail a Packet between this and the oppo- site shore, he daily risked his health and life for the safety of others. Honest without pretension, and firm without rashness ; he was known through the State for his civility as well as care ; for the good fortune with which, in his well managed boat, he thirty thonmnd times braved the perils of our Baj-, and for the admirable union of the frank- ness of a sailor, with the constancy and method of a man of business." The epitaph on Doctor Mann's tombstone is very expres- sive. It is as follows : — " Thousands of journeys, night and day, • I've travelled weary on my way To heal the sick. But now I'm on a journey never to return." Anecdotes and Traditions. To relieve the minds of our readers fi'om the serious mood likely to be engendered by a perusal of the foregoing, we Avill bring this chapter to a close by the narration of some traditional accounts of a somewhat different nature. There is a tradition extant, that for some time sul)se- quently to the siege of the town, Mr. Joseph Perkins lived in a small house Avhich stood on the site of the store occu- pied, at present, by Tilden & Co., In the cellar of his house was an old-fiishioned stone oven, in which, once a week, it was customary to do the baking. Mrs. Perkins had an Indian woman for a servant. This woman had an infant which she was accustomed every afternoon, after getting it to sleep, to put away in this oven. One day, after thus stowing the baby away, she left the house. Mrs. Perkins — knowing nothing about this habit of the woman — concluded to bake upon that afternoon, and accordingly built a fire under the oven. Of course there was soon on hand a sufiicient supply of roast pappoose ! Tile cellar has ever since had the reputation of being haunted. 15 PWPIIW 110 HISTORY OF CA8TINB, During the occupation of the town by the British (in 1814 — 15), a semi-fatuous individual by the name of Hate- evil Corson — ^popularly known as Haty Co'sn — called one day at head-quarters, and asked permission to see General Gosseiin. On being shown into this officer's presence, the following colloquy occurred : — Coreon. *'Are you General Gossehn ?" The General. "Yes, I am." CorBon. "Damn the goose that hatched you, then I" His business thus concluded, he left the irate presence at once. This same individual called one cold winter's day at the house of Mr. John Perkins. After standing awhile before the kitchen fire, he, much to the astonishment of those present, deliberately divested himself of his shirt, and going out of doors, proceeded to bury it in the snow. After leaving it there some ten or twelve minutes, he went out Hnd brought it in, and going to the fire-place, held it just far enough above the flames to prevent its catching afire. On being interrogated as to what he meant by such actions, he replied : — "I've always heard that sudden heat and sudden cold would kill the devil, and I want to see if it won't kill these — " He was the same " crazy vagabond" who, p,t Bangor, one Sunday in church, ♦'To wake the dozing worshipers, ' -Conceived a novel notion, i. And, possibly, their appetites He thought to re-awaken, • So laid upon the burning stove Some sausages and bacon." y* ^ BEOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. Ill CHAPTER V. ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. Early Catholic Missionaries. — First Protestant Minister. — Itineuant Preachers. — Appropriation OF Money by Town. — Meeting-Houses Buh^t. — Petition of Inhabitants op Cape Rozier. — Cost of THE Meeting-Houses in 1792. — Town Divided into Parishes. — Reverend Mr. Abbott Hirbd. — Rever- end Jonathan Powers called to First Parish. — His Letter op Acceptance. — His Ordination. — Records op the First Church op Penobscot. — First Parish op Castine. — Letter in regard to Minister's Lot. — Reverend Micah Stone called. — Reverend William Mason called. — His Letter OP Acceptance. — First Congregational Church op Castine. — Rules and Regulations for the Sexton. — First Trinitarian Church op Castine. — First Methodist Society op Castine. — First Bap- tist Society op Penobscot. — First Methodist Society op Penobscot. — First Baptist Society of Brooksville. — First Trinitarian Society op Brooksville. — First Methodist Society op Brooks- ville. From an early period, the eastern region of the Penob- scot, and especially the peninsula of Castine, has been noted for its ecclesiastical record. The first English Set- tlement was made by a company of Puritans, from the colony so celebrated in the annals of New England. As early as 1611, a French missionary — Father Biard — is mentioned as having been here, [Relations des Jesuites.] and two years later, other missionaries were sent here. [Geographical Hist, of Nova Scotia, p. 53.] During the occupation of the place by the French under Auliiey, in the year 1648, a Capuchin priest, by the name of Friar Leo, erected a chapel here, which was probably the same edifice referred to in the Deed of Surrender of Fort Pent a- •■■■»: 112 HISTOKY OF CASTINE, H- piiet, in Part III. Durinf^ the residence of tlie Baron do St. Castin, there were several Catholic priests here. Amongst others, Messrs. Chi'mboult, Guay — who is said to have been ''a good priest, and an upright man" — Gaulin, Masse, Thnray and Bigot. [JMurdock's Aeadie — also Letter from Monsieur de Bronillan to the Minister, in Part III.] Williamson remarks that " no other place in tliis easterh region was so much the resort of Catholic Missionaries, as the fortress of D' Aulney." In the year 17(31 — one year previous to the Act of the (ileneral Court making a grant to proprietors of Plantation Number Three — the Reverend Isaac Case is reported as liaving removed hither from Thoraaston. [Eaton's Thom- aston, etc., Vol. 2d, under Letter C] If this account is correct, lie was, probably, the first Protestant minister ever at this place, and there must, of coui-se, have been some settlers here, at that time. During the occupation by the British at the time of the Revolution, the only religious services known to have been held here Avere conducted by »Iohn Calef, M. 1). — the Chaplain of the English garrison. From that time until after the date of Inco'poration, all I'liligious services in this vicinity were conducted by itin- erant preachers. The earliest action of the town of Penobscot, having any reference to the establishment of regular religious services, was in the year 1789. At the March meeting of this year, the town voted, that " the sum of three hundred pounds be raised, for the building a meeting-house, for the public worship of God." At a meeting of the town, held the April following, it Avas voted to have the meeting- house sixty-five feet long, and fifty wide. Captain Daniel Wardwell, Giles Johnson,^ Oliver Parker, John Willson, and John Wasson, were chosen as a Building Committee and as Trustees. About this time, certain individuals liv- ing upon the peninsula, desirous of having preaching at a more convenient place for themselves than where the meeting-house above referred to was located — at the Nar- rows — started a subscription paper for a meeting-house on the peninsula. This gave considerable oft'ence, and the town, at its last mentioned meeting, passed the following Resolutions : — " Resolved, that the town pass a vote of their disappro- bation of a subscription for building a Meeting-house on the peninsula, which has been set on foot by certain per- BKOOICSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. US sons merely for the adv> The vote to raise tlie tax was carried, also u yote rero^- nizinpf Mr. Powers as the " town minister," — whicli entitled him to tlio lot of land appropriated to the fust, settled minister. It proved that " a tax was more dreaded than tlie preacher's sentiments, though he used often to ho faulted for liis distinguishinjj doctrines." The opposition to a town tax for the support of Mr. Powera became so extensive, that this action of the town was reconsidered and reversed in May, 1799. The supporters of Mr. Power* were incorporated into a Parish in 1801, and in the sjimo year, a new house of worship Avas erected in North Castine, near the present store where the road branches to the east, leading to the Head of the Bay. Araong the items of interest in the church records, is the following. lu 1798, " a difficulty arose by reason that several had raade profession and joined the church, who had previously been guilty of the sin of" — immoral prac- tices, the shurch generally not knowing the facts, and the individuals " did not know that the church required a con- fession. But upon trial, it appeared to be the minds of almost all, that a confession should be made for that and other scandalous offences." Accordingly, three complied with the condition, and three of the others were finally, in 1800, excommunicated, for refusing to make public con- fession of sin committed before uniting ivith the church. " The members of the church and society were generally separated at a great distance, both by land and water," coming largely from the present townships of Penobscot and Brooksville. They had difficulty in raising the salary and sustaining the ordinances of the gospel. A council, called for that purpose, advised the dismission of Mr. Powers, but the people were unwilling to part with him. He continued with them till 1804, after which his time seems to have been largely spent away in missionary labors. In 1807, he returned home, sick from his expos- lu'cs and labors, and died November 8th, of the same year, aged forty-five years. A sermon, delivered at his funeral, and an elegy by Reverend Jonathan Fisher, of Bluehill, were printed at Buckstown. " SeizM with a cold, when laboring in the cause Of Great Iniinaiiucl, and his holy laws; Opprest with lever, and consumption's force, The worthy POWERS has ftiltiUed his course. ! first ;a(le(l to 1)0 sition me so tiered owei'!* HiVlUO istine, i east, nnOOKSVILLE AND PKNOHSCOT. 119 Ills clinrRfi not wonltliy; romin'ii^'tition HiniiU tn iMtrtlily iri'iii^iirii; (trfxt with miitiy ii cull, lliird to 1)1^ uiiNWiTod ; In* pri'parii'M oiico more, WlioiilU <'oiiiiNoJ |)(ilnt uii lioiioiiiMi! (Joor, To loHve his oliRrK«— on Missionnry KriHind, | Api)(tiiit('(J, nittTs; fjuickly thrni is fmiud By (lir(> tlisouse; n^turns (inroi-blfcl lioini!, And vrtiitK tko humiRotiM which must shortly coiuc. • • • Ills mortal strength dc(«iys, iris tnngno no nioro his scidtcring ihouKlit olu-ys; I)(^nth's chillv hand hinuinhs thi^ vital tide, Tho piUc dtirk shadows o'er his visit;;!' slide, With thn last giisp the portiils wid(! (lispiiiy, His soul, prepiirwl, slips unohservml nway. M(!cts her kind convoy, sujd Avith riiptiTtf tiles On Hpeedy wing henetith the nether skies." The ministry of Mr. Powers, duriiijif his pastorate, Avas blessed witii seasons of revival, and additions to tho church — twenty in 1797, thirteen in 18G3, and smaller numbers in the other years. On May 28th, 1809, Reverend Philip Spaulding cbni- menced his labors with the church, as a preacher of the gospel. October 4th, he was invited to be their pastor — which invitation he accepted November 20th. No notice of his ordination appears on the church records, but the date is elsewhere given as November 22d, 1809, — which does not give the needed time between his accept- ance and the meeting of tt council. Mr. Spaulding's pas- torate would seem to have been by no means peaceful. With one brief exception, in 1810, the records of tho church, kept by himself, treat of cases of church disci- pline, and of nothing else. On August 3d, 1813, an Ecclesiastical Council met, to act on the question of dis- missing Mr. Spaulding. Among the reasons urged for his dismission, was one reflecting on his deportment, which had created dissatisfaction. He was dismissed August 4th, of this year. There was no pastor of the church after this date, and the subsequent church meetings seem to have been held in Brooksville. The last items of record are the public excom- munication of three members, — the offence of one being *' the selling of bull beef," — and the dismission of three other members to the new Trinitarian Church, organized in Castine, July 26th, 1820 — three of the fifteen composing that church. Four other members of the Penobscot church afterwards united with the church iu Castine — in all seven. ^•rf^" 120 rirsTORv of castine, Tlieso oonsiitu((> a conmH'liiii,' i'nik bi'twi'cn (ho First ("Inivcli, wliowo ('(Mitral point uiid ]y]\we of niectincf was in North Ciistiiic, and (he present 'I'riniiarian Chnreh. A jior'ion of th(3 rcnuiinin^' in(Mnhfrs of jh(^ b'irst ('hnrch wcvc {'uil)rac('(l in (lie (-on^rcnational (-hnrch at \V(!st UrooU.s- vilU>: or<;aniz(>(l Jantnuy 4th, 182(5. The First Chun^i, ('('ii.sinTeed iip'on by the joint committee of the two towns of Penob- scot and Castin(>, the mee(!n<;--1iouse on the ]ieiiinsnla hecanie the property of the latter town, and was liiereaftcr known as the meetin«^-honse of the First Parish of Castine. The lands included 'Mider the title of " minister's lot and lot for the ministry," wevv divided at this time. The fol- lowing' letter from the agent of th(^ proprietors of Planta- tion Nmnber Three, states these lots at three hundred acres — which woukl give one hundred and lifty acres to each town. " Castine, September Gth, 1707. Gentlemen, Selectmen of the Town of Castine : The Resolve of the General Court with respect to Townshi]> Number Three, connnonly known as Majabig- Avadhce, makes it a condition that the proprietors of the said township shall reserve three hundred acres of land for the first settled minister in said township. As their agent, I inform you that the land allotted for that i)ur pose is lot Number Twenty-nine, back of the Oore. lot, and lot Number One on Penobscot River, and so much of lot Number Fourteen as will make u{) the three hundred acrc^ to be laid out contiguous to lot Number Twenty-nine. I lUlOOKHVlLLE ANP PKTIOBRCOT. 12t do myscir llio plcasiiro lo j^ivo you lliis inrorinalion, and shall also sfiid u siiiiilai' kilter to the Solectincii of I'oiiob- scot, and I tliiidc it will not hi; atnisH to have this letter put upon your tcwu rcicords. 1 am, (ienllcnien, Your Very liunddo Servant, rilIMP J A II VIS." 1707, )OCt to ajabijj;- ol" tiii^ of land Vs their I at puv lot, and di of lot rd acres* nine. 1 Ucverond Mieali Stone is hdioved to have prcacdiod here at the time of the incorporation of (he town, and iu September, 17i)0, tlm town gave him a call, and vok-d him a salary of four liundred dollars, and a " settlemetit " of eight hundred dollars. The call was not accepted by him, and, ac(!ordingly, in the year 171'H, an invitation was extended to Heverend William Mason, to become pastor of the town, at a salary of three luuidrcd and fd'ty dollars per annum, for three years, lie also received ei_t!; lit hundred dollars u\Hm his settlement over the town. At the same time, Barnabas IIiyL;ins was elected sexton. The follow- ing is Mr. INIasou's letter of acceptance : — . " Castine, August 13th, 1708. To the Committee of the Congregational Society of Castine: — Gentkunen : Impressed with a sense of the importance of Christianity, and the high degree of responsibility there is attached to the ministc'-iul office, I have considered your invitation to settle with you as a religious instructor. It has been my endeavor to weigh every (jircumstance connected with the invitation, Avith candor and impartiality, and should I here- after find cause to lament my determination, I thiidc it will not be attended with those j)ainful reilections which naturally result from want of deliberation. I am sensible there are many common dilliculties attending the work of the gospel ministry ; but I confess, many of them aro removed by your declared willingness to give a liberal support to a gospel minister, and specially by your una- nimity in calling for your pastor ; for it has ever been my determination never to continue in a society where my public performances would be obnoxious to a respectalde number. This I should nc consider duty, as I could not be useful, and 1 thiidc duty and usefulness are generally HISTORY OF CASTINE, After all, there are difficulties ; but 122 connected. After all, there are difficulties ; but I do not expect to be free from them while in this vale of tears ; they are the lot of humanity. Trusting in God, the doc- trines of whose Gospel 1 have endeavored, and shall still endeavor, to preach,— that he will afford me his assistance and protection," — I have concluded to accept your invita- tion to settle with you as a gospel minister, and do at this time inform you of my acceptance ; — with this proviso : that a reasonable time annually be reserved for visiting my friends. I. do not mention any particular time, because, on account of the passing being chiefly by water, it is uncertain what time would be necessary to pass and repass ; probably, however, I should not wish, in general, to spend more than two Sabbaths with my friends. Wish- ing for your temporal, but particularly for your spiritual prosperity ; thai you may be endued with the Christian graces, and be built up in the holy faith of the gospel of Jesus Christ, I subscribe myself your Christian friend, WILLIAM MASON." From the old records of the First Parish, which we have been fortunate in obtaining, we give such extracts as will be likely to be of general interest. The records commence with the church covenant- — which is short, and does not differ much from those now in use in many churches. The following are the names of the original signers to this covenant: — Honorable Oliver Parker, Captain John Per- kins, Captain Mark Hatch, Captain Joseph Perkins, Mr. Barnabas Higgins, Captain Stover Perkins, Mr. Benjamin Lunt, Mr. David Willson, Mr. Moses Gay, Mr. Abraham Perkins, widow Martha Perkins, Phebe Perkins, (1st), Abigail Hatch, Phebe Perkins, (2d), Lydia Perkins, Esther Lur.t, Miriam Willson. Agreeably to the vote of the town, an Ecclesiastical Coun- cil, composed of Reverend Messrs. Alden Bradford, of Wiscasset ; Jonathan Huss, of Warren ; and Daniel Stone, of Augusta ; with delegates, convened on the ninth of October, 1798. The next day, the church was formed, and, the necessary business being attended to, Reverend William Mason was ordained as the first minister in Castine. The first meeting of the church was held October 24th, and it was voted that the pastor be the per- manent Moderator of the church. Honorable Oliver Par- BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 123 ker and Captain Mark Hatch were unanimously elected deacons. In regard to the admission of members to the church, it was voted that the names of persons proposing to join should be, under ordinary circumstances, proposed two Sabbaths previously. It was also voted : " that we will baptize the children of those who live regular lives, though, through a sense of unworthiness, they may not come to the communion." At this meeting, Captain Mark Hatch was requested to procure suitable " vessels " for the use of the church. At a church meeting held March 12th, 1799, it was agreed that the first communion be held on the second Sunday of April ensuing, and that the sacrament be after- wards administered on the second Sunday of every other month. A lecture was to be given the Thursday preced- ing the sacrament, at two o'clock in the afternoon. A church meeting was held November 14th, 1799, for the pui"pose of choosing a deacon in the place of Oliver Parker, who declined service. " After addressing the throne of grace, proceeded to a choice, and Mr. David Wilison was unanimously chosen. After disagreeing on several subjects, not suitable for record, adjourned." On August 17th, 1800, the pastor and two delegates attended the ordination of Reverend James Boyd, of Ban- gor. In December of this year, it was voted to dispense with the communion service until the following April, " on account of the great inconvenience of attending from the general inclemency of the winter season." On October 8th, 1801, a church meeting was held, to attend to some difficulty between Oliver Parker, Esq., and some of the other members of the church. Mr. Parker's complaint was, that several of the members of the church had signed a petition, preferred to the General Court, for the removal from office of the justices of the Court of Common Pleas and General Sessions — of which he was one. The charges were: — 1. That they had " neglected to cause records of the proceedings of said Court to be kept, as the law requires, whereby the property of the good citizens of said County is insecure and precarious." 2. That they had permitted an action, in which neither plaintiff nor defendant were citizens of the State, " to be entered in said Court, the writ not having been 124 HISTORY or CASTINE, proved afcovflin;;^ to law, and liad rcudored judgment on said action, for a large sum, contrary to law." 3. That they had, " after a conviction of theft, in said Clourt, rendered judgment that said convict should he dis- charged, without inflicting the punishment which the law in sucli cases directs." 4. That they had " defrauded the said County by making out and laying fraudulent estimates before the Leg- islatm-e, l)y which many large sums have been obtained to be granted, as for the necessary charges of the County, v^hen in fact, such sums were not wanted for the uses stated ill such estimates, and had not been applied for the purposes thei'cin set forth." 5. That they had " applied tlie money assessed upon and paid by the citizens of said County, to the payment of illegal charges of otiicers, judicial and executive, in said County, and to other uses not authorized by law." 6. That they had " taken and received from the County Treasurer, and applied to their own private use, large sums of money, to which by law they had no right." This petition was signed by nearly all the prominent men of the town, including most of the church members. After hearing the complaint of Mr. Parker, the meeting adjonrned to Thursday, the 2'Jth inst. Upon that day. the subject was again brought liefore the members of the church, and, " after much discourse, by which a recon- ciliation Avas so far effected, though the business was not fully settled," it was agreed to take no action unless Mr. Parker should again urge the matter. For a period of twel ve years, nothing of any importance occurred in con- nection with this societ3% so far as the records show. In July, 181-], the pastor and two delegates attended an Eccle- siastical Council held in Penobscot, for the purpose of con- sidering the question of dissolving the connection between the pastor and church, in that town. In June, 1814, the j)astor and Mr. Doty Little, attended an Ecclesiastical Council held at Camden, to decide in regard to the dismissal from the ministry, of Ileverend Mr. Cochran. At a church meeting called September 15, 1828, in response to a request of Mr. Doty Little, who desired to transfer his connection to another church, it was voted : — " That the pastor be a committee to notify Mr. Little, that as his standing now Avas, his request could not consistently be granted." At a subsequent meeting, held September the 18th, a letter BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 125 was presented by Mr. Little, himself, which was of such ci character "as to fidlif satisfy the church," and liis request for a transfer was frranted. Upon May 5, 1.883, the records of the church had the followiuLf entry made in them : — *' This day the sacrament of the Lord's Supper was admin- istered, and Mr. Moses Gay officiated as deacon, filling the place which, for thirty-three years, had been filled by Dea- con David Willson, who departed this life April 29th, last passed." The early records of this church are not contin- ued after July 2Hth, of this year. During the thirty-tive years over which these records extend, there Avere baptized one hundred and ninety- four persons, of whom one hundred and eleven were males and eight3'-three females. The baptisms included all ages. During this time there were two hundred iind sixty mar- riages solemnized here by Reverend Mr. Mason. The fol- lowing are the names of the members who joined the church after its organization : — Thomas E. Hale, Jacob Orcutt, Doty Little, John Darby, Jonathan Hatch, William Abbott, David Coffin, Mary- Perkins, Hannah Fay, Agatha Hale, Mercy Little, Lucy Mann, Elisabeth Judkins, Abigail Mason, Rebecca Abbott, widow Mary Crawford, Susan D. Shaw, Phebe Gay, and Temperance Johnston. Reverend Mr. Mason dissolved his connection with the First Pai'ish, in 1884. He preached his farewell sermon on Sunday afternoon, April 27th. His text was from 2d Cor. 13, VII : — " Now I do pray to God that ye do no evil ; not that we should appear approved, but that ye should do that which is honest, though we be as reprobates." He was succeeded by Reverend Samuel Devens, who preached his first sermon, June 8, 1884, taking for his text. Psalm 107, v. 8. Mr. Devens, was followed by Reverend William D. Wiswell, who first preached here December 24, 1835. In February, 1838, Reverend John B. Wight, was pastor. He'was the last settled preacher to the old society, though Mr. Wiswell preached here, occasionally, subse- quently to this time, — alternating between this place and Ellsworth. The First Parish, after this time, had no worship in town, until the year 1867, Avhen, by the exertions of the Maine State Missionary of the American Unitarian Associa- tion, the religious society was revived, and in the year 1868, Reverend George F. Clark was settled as the minis- 17 126 HISTOKY OF CASTINE, ter over it. He was succeeded in 1870, by Reverend Henry L. Myrick, who resigned his charge in 1873. The society still exists in a prosperous condition, under the pastoral care of Reverend John W. Winklcy. As the First Parish was, at the time of the incorpora- tion of the town, the only parisli in Castine, the duties of the sexton were prescribed by the town. The town agreed to pay him twenty-five dollais annually, and he was to receive by subscription thirty- five dollars. The following were the Rules and Regulations for the Sexton. "1. The Mecting-House shall be kept clean by sweeping the floors, dusting the seats, and sweeping down the cob- webs and dust from the windows. 2. The Sexton shall see that the door is shut when necessary, and take care that the dogs make no disturb- ance. 8. When any child is to be baptized, he shall see that water is prepared. 4. .He shall ring the bell every Sunday morning at nine o'clock and half-past ten — the second bell to be tolled till the minister gets into meeting. He shall also ring the bell on Fast, Thanksgiving, Lecture, and Town days, at the hours usual on such days. 5. He shall attend to the customary business of sex- tons at funerals, for which he is to be paid a reasonable sum by the persons who employ him. 6. He is to ring the bell every day in the week, (except Sunday,) at one o'clock p. m., and at nine o'clock in the evening." The meeting-house was not completed for many years after its occupation, and was not warmed in winter Uiitil the year 1817. It would be interesting to know the total amount expended upon this building up to the present time ; but the accounts are imperfect, and some of them missing, so that it is impossible to tell with any exactness. Second Congregational, or First Trinitarian Church.* The Trinitarian Church was organized, by an Ecclesias- tical Council called for that purpose, July 26th, 1820. The Council Avas called by Thomas Adams, Thomas E. •This sketch, and Uiat of the First Church of Penobscot, were furnished by Reverend Alfred E. Ives, of this town. Meeting i"%m BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. . l2f Hale, find Bradford Harlow, " to form them and others in the phice into a cimrch, should they see tit," and met first, for that purpose, on July the fourths These individuals had united, the year before, with the church in lilnehill.* The Council, after duly considering the communications laid before them, and learning the general state of things, invited Reverend Mr. Mason, ari others of his church, to a conference, with reference to some arrangement that should be satisfactory, by which they could " unite in one body for religious worship, and the enjoyment of Christian ordinances." The invitation was accepted ; there was a free and friendly conference, " it being agreed on all hands that a union was exceedingly desirable." On a comparison of views, however, the parties were found to differ so materially, that the Council " could not see it expedient to advise a union ; " but not wishing to be hasty, and " to give time for the removal, if ])Ossible, of existing difficulties," they adjourned to July the twenty- sixth. The condition of things remaining unchanged, the church was organized upon that day.f The three individuals calling the Council, three belong- ing to the old First Church in Penobscot, and nine others — fifteen in all — constituted the church, as first organized, namely : — Mark Hatch, Thomas E. Hale, Thomas Adams, Bradford Harlow, Amos Bowden, Avis Hatch, Cynthia Hoibrook, Jane Adams, Nancy Fuller, Mary W. Foster, Abigail Hatch, Eunice Parker, Phebe P. Stevens, Rebecca Fickey, and Lois Myrick. Four others from the Penob- scot church afterwards united with this — these seven forming a bond of connection with the church whose house of worship, and a part of whose membership, were in the present limits of Castine. *In a printed pamphlet, entitled " Correspondence between the Committee of the Trinitarian Society and tlie Committee of Hie First Societv in Castine, on the snbject of a union of saiil Societies, &c." it is stated fp. 23, j tliat these individuals were members of Mr. Mason's Society. Tliis was true; but only one (Mr. Hale,) was a member of his church. Mr. Hale received no dismissal from the church of the First Society, and consequently his beinj? received into the church at Bluehill, caused, at that time, considerable ani- madversion. At the present time— when the lines of division are so widely drawn — nothing would be thought of it. tit is proper to state, in this connection, that Reverend Mr. Mason, and the niGmbers of his church, objected strongly to what they considered the irren- tilarity of these proceedings, and claimed that the Council had no jurisdic- tion. No objection was ever made against the moral character of Mr. Mason, or of any member of his church ; and the formation of the new Society was made solely on account of the ditt'erent views entertained in regard to certain matters of Faith— chiefly "respecting the doctrine of the Trinity and the doctrine of Election." 128 HISTORY OF CASTINE, -' . J- For eight years after its organization, the church had no Bettlod pastor. On May 12th, 1828, Mr. John Crosby, of Andover Seminary, was invited to become their minister ■^vith a salary of six hundred dollars, and, in addition, a " settlement^' of one hundred and fifty dollars. Mr. Crosby accepted the invitation, and was ordf»ined and. installed on June 11th, of the same year. The ordination sermon was by Reverend Mighill Blood, of IJncks port The church at this time consisted of thirty members. About two years after his ordination, his health failing, Mr. Crosby Avas obliged to be absent, most of the time, till February 26, 1832, when he sent in his resignation. He was dismissed by Council, on May 3d, of the same year. He afterwards visited the West Indies, for his health, and died at Barbadoes, May 26, 1833, aged thirty yeai-s. On the twenty-third of May, 1832, an invitation to become their pastor, was extended to Reverend Wooster Parker, of liangor Seminary, with a salary of live hundred dollars. Mr. Parker accepted the inyitation, and was ordained and installed September 20, 1832, Reverend Doctor Pond, of Bangor Theological Seminary, preaching the sermon. Mr. Parker continued here for about three and a half years, when, at his own request, he was dismissed, January 18, 1836. During the pastorate of Mr. Parker, forty-one were received into the church, — thirty-two by profession. The whole membership at this time, was about forty-five. On the twenty-fourth of May, 1837, Reverend Baruch B. Beck with, was installed as pastor, the sermon on the occasion being preached by Reverend Mighill Blood, of Bucksport. Mr. Beckwith received a salary of six hundred dollars. After laboring with the church for about five years, the ill health of his wife making a change of climate desirable, Mr. Beckwith asked for a dismission. His pas- toral labors ceased, June 20, 1842. His formal dismission occurred February 13, 1844. During Mr. Beckwith's pas- torate, thirty-eight were admitted to the church, thirty on profession of faith. Mr. Beckwith, after leaving Castine, became pastor of the church in Gouverneur, N. Y., retain- ing his pastoral charge there, till a short time before his death, which occurred July 4, 1870, at the age of forty-five years. From 1883 to 1839, inclusive, fifty-one were received into the church on profession of faith ; from that urooksville and penobscot. 129 date to the close of 1844, forty-two were received on profession. On the fifth of November, 1845, Reverend Daniel Sewall was installed pastor of the chnrch, the sermon on the occa- sion, being preached by Reverend Stephen Tliurston, of Searsport. His salary was five hundred dollars per annum. Mr. Sewall's pastorate continued for about seven and a half years, he being dismissed April o, 1853. During the period of his pastoral charge, fourteen were received into the church, including five by letter. Mr. Sewall died at Augusta, April 21, 1860, aged fifty-seven years. The Avhole membership of the church in 1854, was seventy-five- January 1, 1855, Reverend Alfred E. Ives was invited to become pastor of the church. Mr. Ives was installed by Council, June 20, 1855, Reverend Doctor Shepard, of Bangor Seminary, prcacliing the sermon. The yearly salary was eight hundred dollars. The pastorate of Mr. Ive^* . still continues, the twentieth year now commencing. Up to this time, during his ministry, eighty have been added to the chvircb.* On August 27, 1838, Sewall Watson and Samuel Adams were elected deacons of the church. On June 11, 1841, Francis Vanwyck was chostn to succeed Deacon Watson, who had removed from the place. Deacon Vanwyck hav- ing also removed, in December, 1843, Mark P. Hatch was chosen dgacon. Deacon Adams has been Superintendent of the Sabbath School for thirty-six years. The church, at its organization, having no meeting-house, occupied the Court House for public worship. It continued to do so for about nine years. In 1829, a church building was erected on Main sireet, which was dedicated on the sixth of October of that year, at whjch time the Hancock and Waldo County Conference held their session here. A narrow room, in the front of the building — back of the singing gallery— was occupied for conference and prayer meetings. In the year 1848, the church was enlarged, making an addition of eighteeii slips, in the audience room. The last Sabbath service in the church, in its old form, *Mr. Ives has ahvuys been earnest in promoting? the educational anCi mnrat interests of the town, and liis long residence here has caused him 10- be greatly beloved by ail our citizens. As his name does not appear in our Biograpl)i(;al Sketches, it is proper to remark, in tliis connection, that he is Will known for his literary attainments, and has received favorable notice in Allibone's Dictionary ot British and Americuu Authors. He was graduated at Yale College, in 1»37. 130 HlflTORY Oi^ CASTI!^E, was on July 21, 18G7. The edifice was reconstnlcte*:!, tlio Work cnmnienciiiEf tlio same week. The building was I'aised nine feet, with an excavation addintj three more feet, givinrj room for a l)ascment of brick, and for a large, airy, dry, and well ventilated vestry, ladies' room, kitchen, etc. The old edifice was thoroughly rol)uilt. A new spire, of about one hundred and twenty feet in height, was added, which, in proportion, grace and beauty, is perhaps, not sur- passed by any in the State. A new chancel was added, and an orchestra ; new windows of stained glass ; the seats remodeled and newly arranged ; the walls handsomely frescoed ; the whole carpeted and the seats all uniformly cushioned ; the pulpit and its furniture, chandelier and lamps, all new. The rooms below, also, are furnished com- plete, and— except the kitchen — carpeted. A new, finely toned bell, of about one thousand six hundred pounds Weight, was presented by N. Wilson Brooks, Esq., of Detroit, Michigan. The cost of re-building, including everything, was about twelve thousand dollars. The build- ing, within and without, has no sign of its former self, and is commended by all for its convenience and comeliness, being an ornament to the village. The house was re-dedi- cated February 3, 1808, the sermon by the pastor.* The First Methodist Society of CASTiNE.f The First Methodist sermon in Castine village, was preached about the year 1800, by Reverend Joshua Taylor. According to traditionary accounts, Mr, Taylor, instead of being received and treated as a minister of the gospel, was sent away after being " shamefully handled. "J This will not occasion surprise to any one conversant with the general state of intolerance common to all of the more powerful sects, even at so late a date as that. The Methodist heresy *0ii November 30, 1872, at noon, this edifice was discovered to be on fire, ^he fire had been started for Sunday, and the cold-air boxes closed. The wind blew a gale at the time, and the tire in the furnace burned so fiercely as to ignite the lathing and studding, through the plaster forming one side of the x'olu air duct. The weather Was intensely cold and the difticulty of handling the hose ami of getting at the tire was very great. By the earnest exertions of all, it was at last extinguished. The damage to the' building was repaired at an expense of one thousand two hundred dollrtrs, but had the fire succeeded in getting headway, the greater portion of the village must have been destroyed. tFrom a manuscript *' History of Methodism in Castine Village," furnished the author by Reverend James A. Morelin. Jit is said he was " rode on a rail" over the line into Penobscot. He is re- ported to have been considerably injured, and was taken home and his wounds «ressed by u grandfather of Mr. Hosea Wardwell. imOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. im was 110 tnoro to be tolenvtcd hero, it was thoujifht, than tliat of the Quakers or IJajitists luul been in other parts of New Eiighind. Notwitlistandinj^' the oi)i){)sition to the new form of worship and l)eHef — j)erhaps, soniewliut in consecjuence thereof — a small class was formed, hut was not loni; sus- tained, for want of teaehers.' In 18:54, Reverend Mark Trafton was stationed on the North Castine circuit. Ho preached an occasional lecture in the village, and organized a class of live members, lleverend Messrs. Moore, Palmer and Gerry, succeeded Trafton on the North Castine circuit, and occasionally visited and preached to this class. But lit- tle accession, though, was made to their number until the year 1841. In 1840, Reverend Theodore Hill, who was stationed on that circuit, commenced preaching on the Sabbath at the village. His first sermon was preached from the embankment of Fort George. His next, was in the ship-yard. In the meantime the little class of eight or ten, "began to cry to God," says Mr. Hill, "and as our faith increased, ' we began to see a small cloud gathering over this dark spot' where there had been no revival for a num- ber of years." The result of Mr. Hill's labors was a revi- val, and at the close of the year, the class numbered about thirty. Mr. Hill was stationed on the North Castine cir- cuit for two years, holding regular services, one-half the time, at the Court House in this village. In 1842, agreeably to a petition from this village, the Maine Annual Conference reported Castine village as a separate station, and lleverend Charles Munger was appointed as the regular pastor for the ensuing year. The appointment was very fortunate in its results. The congregation was invited to occupy the meeting-house of the First Society, which was at that time unoccupied. Mr. Munger served here a second year, during which the society was under the necessity of returning to the Court House as a place of worship. He received three hundred dollars per annum. The Methodist chapel was built in the year 1844, chiefly — if not entirely — by Mr. John Jar- vis. It cost about two thousand dollars. The successors of Mr. Munger were : — Abner Hillman, David Higgins, George Pratt, Phineas Higgins, 1843-4. Obediah Huse, 1849. 184o-0. Cvrus Scammou, 1850. 1847. John Atwell, 1851-2. 1848. Charles B. Dunn, 1853. 1J?2 IIISTOttY OP CASTINK, William J. Roljinson, lS')i-Ft. George D. Strout, 1862. W. J. Wilson, iHoO. W. T. Jewell, 18G4-r)-(5. Jolin N. Marsh, 1H')7, Josiuh Fhitcher, ISOT. ].. I). VViudwell, 18r)8-<>. B. H. Hvrne, 1808-1)-70. M. 1). Matthews, 18()0-(;i. J. A. Morelin, 1871-;;. Methodist Episcopal Church of Penohscot.* The first Methodist preacher in Penobscot was Joshua Hall, who preached there in the yt^Jir 171)5. In the stie- ceedint; year, Reverend E. Hull preached there. The; number of Methodists in town at that time ^\as ninety- three. The Penobscot circuit was formed in the year 1798, by Peter Jayne, n deacon in the M. E. church, who preached with e^reat success. In 171M), U'jubeu Hubbard was appointed to this circuit by the New England Conference, and, under the presiding eldershi}) of Joshua Taylor, regulated the circuit, and established the church on a firm basis. The church had a healthy and vigorous growth, but the year 1811) was the most remarka- ble for its rapid increase of members, under the preaching of John S. Ayer. The following year, seventy persons were added to the church. It is recorded that at a prayer- meeting held at the house of William Hutchings, Jr., nine persons were instantly converted, and all the others present " convicted." " The shouts of the converts in praise of God, and the cries of the others for mercy, occa- sioned so great a noise that the shouts and cries could Bcarcely b distinguished from each other." In 18'J4, the Methodi"*^ complained that "inCastine we were some troublea '<• ith Universalism, some members Avithdrawing from our society, having embraced that pernicious doc- trine." In 1841 and 1«42, under the preaching of Theo- dore Hill, large numbers were added to the church. In 1871, the membership was one hundred and seventy-one, and the value of the church property was fi^e thousand seven hundred dollars. There are three churches belong- ing to the denomination in this place. One was erected at North Penobscot, in 1837, and dedicated in December of the same year. One was erected in 1858, at the Head of the Bay, and was dedicated January, 1859. The third was erected in 1864, upon the Doshen shore. f •Fiom the Records of the Mothodiijt Episcopal Church of Penobscot, abridged by Mr. Hoseu B. Wurdwell. tThis name is applied to the western shore of Penobscot, between Hard- ficrubble and the Custine line. The derivation of the word is uncertaiu. There are several traditions concerning it, but none are satisfactory. BROOKSVniLE AND PENOBSCOT. 133 1802. 1867. -1)-T<). oshiui le siu:- liiic'ty- year •Imrch, I'jubru e New •ship of led the ,hy and jmai'kii- 3aehii\. to the best advantage." Whether these instructions >/v.u rendered necessary in consequence of the unusual nvimi ' of members upon the committee may, perhaps, admit of i. doubt. In 1817, the town voted : " That the money raised for the support of schools, etc., be divided in proportion to the number of scholars in each school district." Also, "that the money belonging to any school districts in which a private school or schools are kept, be applied to the sup- port of those private schools, in proportion to the number of scholars taught in them, under the authority of the school committee." The town, moreover, instructed the school committee to return to the Assessors the numbei- and names of scholars in each district, between the ages of three and sixteen years, in order to ascertain correctly the res- pective proportions of the school money to which each dis- trict was entitled. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 137 In 1818, the school committee were instructed to district the town anew, but this, for some reason, not having; been attended to, the town at its next annual meeting, voted that the Selectmen should proportion the number of schol- ars to each district, and alter the districts if necessarv. The action of the Selectmen not, however, being satisfac- tory, the town voted the next year, "that Jonathan Hatch, Thatcher Avery, John Wilson, Joshua Hooper and Richard Hawes, be a committee to divide the part of the town situ- ated off the peninsula, into school districts, in such a man- ner as they shall think proper." The town in 1821, acting upon the suggestion of this committee, divided the por- tion of the town off the peninsula into two districts. This year, for the first time, school agents were elected by the town. Iji 1828, a new scliool district was made out of the two off the peninsula, and the districts were named and numbered as follows : — The Peninsula district was called No. 1. The Middle (new) district was called No. 2. The Northeast " " " " 3. The Northwest " " " " 4.* In 1834, the town passed a vote : " That the Board of Trustees of the Castine School Fund, consist of five per- sons, viz. : Thomas Adams, Charles el. Abbott, Samuel Adams, Hezekiah Williams, and Frederic Webber." This school fund originated from the sale of the land belonging to the "ministerial and school lot." In 1836, the school committee, for the first time, made a report to the town of the condition of the schools. The subsequent year it was voted : " That the town will receive from the State its proportion of United States moneys, and, after deducting twelve hundred dollars, for paying town debts, the balance to be loaned by the Selectmen, at six per cent, per annum, the interest to be paid semi-annually, and appropriated to the support of schools." Unfortunately, however, the interest in education at this time began to wane, and the citizens accordingly, at their next annual meeting, foregoing the certainty of future benefit for the sake of present gain, reconsidered the above vote, and voted, instead, to pay out this money, per capita, to the people. In the year 1845, the town voted : — " That the interest of the Ministerial and School fund, as it existed on the *TUo districUi urc thua Ueuiguutcd at the prcscut day. 138 HISTORY OP CASTINE, first day of January last, be used for the support of scliools annually, and that sufficient security be obtained for the principal." The ministerial fund had vested in the First Congregational Society. This vote of the town was resisted by those interested in the Society, and, after a resort to the Legislature, without success, for an act to divert the fund, the attempt to have it appropriated for schools was abandoned. The appropriations made by the town for the support of its schools, have always depended somewhat, of course, upon the state of its financial prosperity ; but quite a steady correspondence exists between the amounts appro- priated each year, and the population of the town at the time. Thus from 1796, to 1804, the annual appropriations were pretty uniformly two hundred dollars. From 1806 to 1810, there were between five and six hundred dollars. In 1811, the appropriation was eight hundred and fifty dollars. In 1812, it was twelve hundred. From that time un<"1 1815, it decreased gradually to five hundred. From I8i5 to 1833, it was between one thousand and one thousand five hundred. From 1834 to 1844, it fell off gradually to between six and eight hundred dollars. From 1845 to 1856, it was between one thousand and one thousand seven hundred. From 1857 to 1864, it ranged from two thousand to two thousand five hundred. The whole amount of money appropriated by the town, for the support of its schools, exclusive of that raised by the several districts, and of that derived from the " ministerial and school fund," amounted, in 1864, to about seventy-two thousand dollars. This is an average of over eight hun- dred dollars per annum — the average of the entire popu- lation for that length of time being about one thousand. District Meetings. The first account we have of a school-house in the Northern district, was in 1804, when a meeting was held, to see if the inhabitants of that district would build a school-house, aud determine Avhere it should be located. The matter was not decided at this meeting, but the next year the district voted an appropriation of one hundred and eighty dollars, to defray the expense of building one. Where the school-house was situated, is nowhere stated. It could not have been the first one off the peninsula, as BROOKS VILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 139 n the held, lild a iitecl. next ndred one. tated. ila, as there was one in 1796 situated, as before mentioned, " in the crotch of the road." We are unable to ascertain at what time the school-houses in the Northeastern and Northwestern districts were built, or the cost of the same, as the records of these districts are not to be found. School-meetings were called in the Buck's Harbor dis- trict in 1800, and again in 1806, to decide where the school should be kept. As only the warrants for these meetings have been preserved, it is not possible to state Avhen the chool-house was built, or where it was located. In the Cape district, a school-meeting was called — as shown by the warrant — to choose a committee to build a school-house, and to select a master for the school. In the year 1817, there were two school-meetings held in this district. At the second meeting, the following votes were pjvssed : — 1. To build a school-house between David Dyer's and John Bakeman's — at a cost not exceeding three hundred dollars. 2. To build another school house near John Redman's — the cost not to exceed one hundred. 3. To reconsider the vote in regard to petitioning the town to divide the district. 4. That any material needed in building should be a lawful tender, if ready when wanted. The first school-house in the Peninsula district was located on the " common lot." The exact time when it was built, its dimensions, etc., we have been unable to ascertain. On April oth, 1802, this district voted to build a school-house two stories in height, thirty-six feet long by thirty feet wide, with a cupola on top ; the back thereof to be " on the northwesterly tine of the common, square with the southwesterly side of the meeting-house." The sura of seven hundred dollars was appropriated, to defray the cost of erecting the same, and it was voted to allow the use of one story for an Academy. Captain John Perkins, Captain Mark Hatch, and Captain Joseph Per- kins, were chosen a committee to superintend the erection of the building. At a meeting held July the fifth, it was voted to reconsider so much of the previous vote as related to having the building two stories high. Messrs. Otis Little, Thomas Stevens, and Moses Gay, were chosen a committee to draw up a plan for the building. As there has never been any Academy in this town, the cause of the above votes requires explanation. It appears that in the year 1797, the General Court of 140 HISTORY OP CASTTNE, Massachusetts, by an act passed February twenty-seventh, offered one half-township of the public lands to such appli- cants, for a charter for an Academy, in each county, as should secure for it, by private subscription, funds to the amount of three thousand dollars. About the time of the passage of these votes by the district, there being no incorporated Academy in Hancock County, several towns attempted to establish one — and this town, as well as others. A paper was circulated here, and subscriptions made to more than the required amount. The above vote was taken by the inhabitants of the Village district, and the following petition was sent to the Legislature of Massachusetts : — " To the honorable, the Senate and the House of Represen- tatives of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in Gen- eral Court assembled, at Boston, January, 1803. Humbly shew your petitioners, that the inhabitants of Castine, in the County of Hancock, and its vicinity, con- ceiving that an Academy in the said town of Castine would be of great public utility in promoting piety, religion, and morality, and for the education of youth in the languages, liberal arts and sciences, have subscribed three thousand eight hundred and thirty dollars, for the purpose of erecting and supporting the same, as will appear by the subscription paper accompanying this peti- tion* ; provided, the General Court will endow said Acad- emy with an half-township of land, six miles square, of the unappropriated lands in the District of Maine. "We would humbly beg leave to represent to your honors, that we conceive great benefit would result to the county at large from the said Academy being established at Cas- tine. At least, this place has as many advantages as any town in the county ; and many more than the towns in general. It is free of access both by land and water, at all seasons of the year ; and the peninsula on which it is proposed to erect the building, is one of the most healthy spots in the United States. Such is the population of the place, that probably within a quarter of a mile, good accommodations may be found for as many students as will ever be at the Academy ; and we will venture to say [they] can be supplied at as cheap a rate as at any place in the count}-. The place is generally supplied with an abundance of fresh provisions of different kinds ; and •This list has not been preserved in the flies of town papers.' BROOKSVILLE AND PEXOBSCOT. 141 there is a constant intercourse with Boston, so that what- ever is necessary to be obtained from thence, may be easily and cheaply obtained. For these, and various other reasons, which it would be easy, were it necessary, to set before your honors, we flatter ourselves the prayer of our petition will be granted. Impressed Avith this idea, and believing that such characters as are best quali- fied for trustees, could not so well be known to your honors as to those among whom they live, the subscribers aforesaid, at a full meeting, unanimously agreed to men- tion a number of gentlemen, out of which number, should the prayer of this petition be granted, they pray your honors the trustees may be appointed. Wherefore the subscribers and others have appointed your petitioners a committee to pray your honors, that an Academy may be established in said Castine, by the name of Castine Academy, and that one half-township of land may be granted for supporting the same, and trustees incorporated for managing the prudential affairs of said Academy, with the privileges, powers, and authority usually vested in such corporations ; and as in duty bound will ever pray." [Signed Vjy the committee in the original, but no names given in the copy on file.] Doctor Oliver Mann was the Representative to the General Court this year, and did his ut uost to induce that body to locate the Academy in this town. The following copy of a letter to him from the committee who drew up and for- warded the above mentioned petition, will show still more clearly the efforts that were made by the citizens of this town : — "Sir: We have the pleasure to inform you that the business of the Academy you have so miich at heart, now looks with a pleasing appearance, as you will see by the petition and subscription paper which we now inclose you, to present to the Honorable Court. By a vote of the petitioners, we are appointed a committee to write to you, and forward the petition, &c. It was thought best by them, at a full meeting, to nominate and recommend such persons for trustees as the petitioners were fully acquainted Avith — and in order to assist you in the nomination, as the names might not readily occur to you at the time. AVo have in the petition mentioned some of the advantages that Castine possesses over the other towns ; but we think there are a number of others which it will be better for 19 x* J- \ - -4 ! 4 ■ J 1 ' ■■:? ; 3 f i'l 1 142 * HISTORV OF CASTING, you to mention, than to have a very long petition. There is one thing which we suppose will he very much urged by the opposition, to wit ; that scholars cannot he hoarded as cheap as at the other towns that have applied for the grant. This we think you can oppose with the greatest propriety, as it is a fact that the advantages Castiiie pos- sesses will enahle the inhahitants to board the scholars as cheap as, if not cheaper tluin, any toAvn in the county. There is .another thing you can mention from your knowl- edge of tiie petitionei"s, to wit : that they are all able to pay the sums set against their names, and tliat no names are put there for a mere show. There was some de- ficiency in the form of the old subscription paper, and it was therefore, at this meeting, proposed to draw a new one. The names are Jill upon it but yours — Avhen you add that with the sum you subscrihed on the old one, it will make just the sum mentioned in the petition, as you will observe. Not doubting but you will pay every attention to the business, we remain, Your friends and humble Servants." Notwithstanding the exertions that were made to have the Academy located in this village, the town of Bluehill must either have possessed better claims, or have urged them more persistently upon the attention of the General Court, for the Academy in that town was incorporated at this session of the Court. In consequence of the failure to establish an Academy here, the district this year voted to reconsider their vote of 1802. In the year 1811, a lot of land, one hundred by fifty feet, running northwest from "Center" street, was deeded to the district, by Messrs. Joseph and John Perkins. A meeting of the district was called this year, to decide v/hether the school-house should be altered, or a new one built. Probably but little, if anything, was done to the building, as a district meeting was again called in 1815, to decide the same question. What was decided upon at this latter meeting, Ave do not know ; but in 1823, a school- house was built, by Mr. Edward Lawrence, for Avhieh the district paid him three hundred and forty-one dollars. In 1840, the district voted to sell the land find buildings on the Northeast side of Center (or Green) street ; and they were accordingly purchased by Jonathan Hatch, for one hundred and fifty dollars. In 1841, the district voted to BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 143 raise the roof of the Northwestern school-lioiise, and to reduce the wa^es of female teachers to two doUars and seventy-iive cents a Aveek. On April 5th, 1847, Mesars. Charles J. Abbott, William Witherle, Charles Rogers, John Dresser, and Benjamin D. Ga3% were chosen a com- mittee to procure a site for a new school house, and to make arrang-ements for building the same. Upon the twenty-fourth of this month, Messrs. Charles J. Abbott, Stover P. Hatch, Samuel Adams, William Jarvis, and Josiah B. Woods, were chosen a committee, to superin- tend the erection of the building. An appropriation of six hundred dollars, was also voted. On a subseqnent meeting, held May 8th, the committee elected on the fifth of April was excused from further service, and the build- ing committee was instructed to purchase a lot, but was restricted to the sum of one hundred dollars. At a meeting held December 22d, it was decided, if the consent of the town could be obtained, to alter the town-house, so as to make it suitable for a school-house. On March 27th, 1848, the district voted to discharge their building com- mittee, and Messrs. Josiah B. Woods, Charles Rogers, and Charles J. Abbott, were chosen in place of those dis- charged. At this meeting, it was voted that this commit- tee superintend the fitting up of the town-house into a school-house, and cause the necessary repairs to be^made upon the Western school-house. The appropriation voted at a previous meeting was reduced to four hundred dol- lars, and was to be spent in making the above named repairs. On March 2tjth, 1849, by vote of the district, the agent sol'^ to Mr. George Vose the lot of land (then occupied by him) adjoining the Western school-house, for the sum of thirty dollars. On March 7th, 1851, it was voted : " that the school agent be authorized to pay Mr. Hunt six hundred dollars, for teaching the high school the ensuing year." Mr. Hunt was to employ an assistant in the school, at his own expense, and to have the privilege of receiving scholars from other towns into his school, fro- vided this did not interfere with the privileges of scholars in the district. On March 8th, 1853, Messrs. Charles Rogers, Joseph L. Stephens, and William Witherle, Avere chosen a committee to procure a suitable lot of land upon which to erect a school-house ; to fix upon a plan of the same, and to estimate the expense. At a subsequent meeting, this committee reported that they had bargained 144 HISTORY OF CA8TINE, with Jotham S. Gardner for the land, for the sum of two hnndred and fifty dollars. Thoy recommended the huild- inji- of a double house, and set the estimated expense of the same at about two thousand eight hundred dollars. 'I'heir report was accepted, and the amount above specified was voted. Messrs. Stover P. Hatch, Charles Rogers, Ithiel Lawrence, Charles J. Abbott, and Chiirles K. Tilden, were chosen a building committee. The lommittee was authorized to borrow the amount of money that had been a[)propriated, and was instructed to have the school- house completed within eight months. In the year 1856, the sum of two hundred and fifty dollars was appropri- priated for philosophical apparatus, and the agent author- ized to procure the same. In 18o7, the district voted to relinquish the right of occupying the town-house as at school-house. On March 19th, 1859, the district voted to build a school house two stories in height, near the site of the Intermediate school-house. It also voted to raise the money by loan — to be paid in ten annual installments. Messrs. Samuel Adams, Jr., Stover P. Hatch, Ithiel Law- rence, Stephen W. Webster, and Charles J. Abbott, were chosen a building committee. The sum of four thousand dollars was appropriated, and the committee was instructed to dispose of the Intermediate school-house. At a meet- ing of the district, held September 24th, it was voted to have a cupola upon the building ; also, to accept the report of the committee upon the completion of the " Abbott " school-house. In the year 1861, the district decided that the Apprentice school should be commenced in November, and be continued as long as it was found profitable. The district also voted at this meeting that the High school- house should hereafter be known as the " Adams " school- house. On September 1st, 1868, the district voted to allow one of the school-houses to be used for five years, for a State Normal School, and to have it suitably altered for this purpose. Messrs. Charles J. Abbott, Samuel Adams, and William H. Witherle, Avere chosen a committee to make an offer to the State, of one of the buildings, and to make all necessary preparations for the transfer. This committee thereupon, very shortly after, made the follow- ing offer to the commissioners appointed by the State : — '•' The undersigned a committee of the citizens of Cas- tine, pursuant to votes at a public meeting of said citizens, and of the inhabitants of School District Number One in Cl nROOKSVILLE AND PENODaCOT. 14^ Ciiatine, qualified to vote in school-district afTairs, nt a legal meeting of said district, hereby offer to tlu; State of Maine, under the Act of March 'Joth, 18G3, for the estab- lishment of Normal Schools, the Abbott wchool house iu Castine, for the use of a Normal School, for five yt-'ars* This school-house is of two stories, with a basement, and is fifty-eight feet by thirty-four, giving school-rooms forty- five feet by thirty-two, and was built in iHoO, in the best manner. The citizens will furnish double desks and fixed chairs— of Boston manufacture — and settees for two hun- dred scholars. They will, if necessary, have one of the school-rooms fitted with sliding doors, so as to be used for two recitation rooms ; and the attic, which is fifty-eight by fourteen feet, shall be finished off, and properly fur- nished, lighted, and ventilated, for a recitation room. Two rooms suitable for apparatus and library rooms are connected with the school-rooms. Suitable clothes room accommodation shall be provided. A Philosophical Appar- atus belonging to the High school, and the Public Library, of seven or eight hundred volumes, may be used by the Normal School. Board at a rate not exceeding two dol- lars and a half a week, can be obtained by the Normal School scholars.*" 'The third article of the warrant for the district meeting, on April 9th, 1864, read as follows; — "To see if the district will divide the Primary school into two independent schools, with a teacher for each. The schools to be called the First and Second Primary schools. Each to be kept for two terms in a year. The first to have an assistant ; to commence as soon as possible, and to continue thirteen weeks. The second to commence in August, and continue seventeen weeks. Each to be taught by a female." The other articles of the warrant were : — To see if the district would vote to have three terms of the Intermediate and Select schools — all the terms to be taught by females ; to employ a master for a Free school for both sexes, to com- mence in December, and to continue sixteen weeks ; to choose a committee of three, to classify the scholars, and transfer them, as found needed, from school to school. ♦In the &i)ri»g of 1873, the State relinquisl'ed the use of this buililing. the new Normiil School-house liuving been completed. Tlie district did not,' however, ceiise to extend its patronage to tliis institution, but gave it a loan of hII tlie furniture then in use in it. In addition to this, Deacon Sanuiel Adams presented it witli a handsome bell, and Mr. -Toim Jarvis with a very superior clock. Tlie town had previouslv deeded to the State the kud ott which the builUii>g stands. 146 msTonv op castwb, tlpnn the third article beinf:^ called for consideration, the following petition was presented: — " The undtMHigned, LadieH of School District Number One, in Castine, deeply interested in the catise of pduca- tion, respectfully beg leave, in their own behalf, in behalf of the children, and of the present and future welfare of society, to express to the meeting to be holden in said dis- trict, on the ninth instant, their most earnest desire that tio change should take j)lace in the present admirable sys- tem of our schools, and that they be maintained, without interruption^ on their present footing." This petition was signed by almost every female in the district. Probably induced thereto more by their fears of what might happen, than by anything expressed in the warrant itself. This petition was respectfully laid on the table, and all the articles were adopted. Messrs. Josiah B. VVoods, Alfred F. Adams, and Joshua Hooper, were chos a committee to classify the scholars. Private Schools. There have been, from time to time, ever since the incorporation of the town, if not before, schools kept here by teachers who were not employed to act in this capacity by the town authorities. As no record of these schools was required by the town, our sources of information in regard to them are necessarily very meager. The Misses Almira A., and Sarah H. Hawes, taught private schools for thirty or forty years. They were very success- ful in their teaching, and usually had full schools. Nearly all of the present adult population of the town have, at some time, been under their tuition. A number of other persons have also, from time to time, taught private schools, to the satisfaction of their patrons, but we are unable to obtain any particulars as to their schools, and none of thera have taught for so long a time as the ladies mentioned. Eastern State Normal School. This school was opened in the Abbott school-house, September 7th, 1867. The opening exercises were con- ducted by Reverend Doctor Ballard, State Superintend- ent of Schools, who delivered the keys of the building to Mr. G. T. Fletcher, of Augusta, the Principal of the BROOKSVILLE AND PENOnsCOT. 147 , the mber cluilf lie of I «lis- Ihiit E> sys- ithout u wart fba\)ly .ppen, This II the Mfrcd mittee ce the t)t here vpacity choola mat ion The private iccess- iN early lave, at other rivate ,ve are Is, and ladies l-hovise, l*e con- intend- |cling to of the school. Appropriate remarks were made by citizens of the town, and l)y others present. A chiss of thirteen was admitted to the school. The school increasing in size, Mrs. Fletcher was appointed assistant teacher at the beginning of the second term. The exercises at the close of the year were very inter- esting. Governor Chamberlain and (council, and ma!iy friends of edncation were present. Mrs. Fletcher having declined to serve longer, at the beginning of the second year — in August, 18G8 — Mrs. Julia E. Sweet, of Boston, was ap[)ointed assistant. Mr. John \V. Dresser, of this town, who had kindly given his services for two terms, adding much to the interest and profit of the school, was appointed teacher of music. At the commencement of the winter term, Miss Anna V. Gate, of Castine, was added to the corps of teachei , and at the commence- ment of the Spring term. Miss Helen B. Coffin, was trans- ferred from the Normal school at Farmington to this, and Miss Lucy V. Little, of this town, was employed tempo- rarily. The close of the Spring term of 1869, marked an era in the progress of the school, by the graduation of its first class, of eight pupils. Governor Chamberlain and Coun- cil were present, and all expressed the feeling that the two years of trial had established the school on a firm basis. The Fall term of this year opened with an attendance of fifty-one pupils. At the commencement of the Winter term, Miss Eliza A. Lufkin, of this town, a graduate of the school, was appointed assistant, in place of Miss Sweet, who had resigned. At the beginning of the Spring term of 1870, Miss Mary E. Hughes, of Pennsylvania, was added to the corps of teachers. At the close of this term, the second class — of twenty-six — was graduated. The Fall terra opened with an attendance of one hundred and nineteen pupils. Miss Cate having resigned her position. Miss Ellen G. Fisher, of Massachusetts, was appointed to fdl the vacancy. Mr. Park S. Warren, teacher of the High school, was appointed teacher of Music, in the place of Mr. Dresser, who had resigned. The Spring term of 1871, opened with an attendance of one hundred and forty pupils, and closed with the gradua- tion of the third class — consisting of ^.wenty. At the close of the Fall term, Miss Fisher resigned her position 148 HISTORY OF CASTINE, for one in Boston, and Miss Clara Rartloy, of Cambridcfe, Massachusetts, was elected to fill the vacancy. At differ- ent times du'-'UfT these years, Doctor George A. Wheeler, of Castine, and Doctors George B. Stevens, and Calvin Cutter, of Massachusetts, favored the school with lectures on Physiology, and Doctor N. T. True, of Maine, with lectures on Geology. The Spring term of 1872 closed with the graduation of a class of fifteen. The town having presented to the State a fine lot of land, at a cost of about one thousand dollai's, an approjjriatlon of twenty thousand was made by the Legislature, to build a new Normal school-house. Plans dra\/n by Mr. Alfred F. Adams, of this town, hav- ing been accepted, the contract for the building was awarded to Messrs. Foster & Dutton, of Bethel. The ground was broken in May of this year, but, the season being unfavorable, the house was not completed until Januar}^, 1873. The school was moved into the new house in February, but, on account of the severe weather, and bad travelling, the dedicatory exercises were post- poned until the close of the term in May. The closing examination of the year took place on Wednesday, May 22d, and on the same evening the house was dedicated. Governor Perham and Council, the Board of Trustees, members of the Press, friends of education and of the pupils, and citizens, made an audience of five hundred people in Normal Hail, and there was still room for a hun- dred more. The exercises were very interesting. Sp(?eches were made by the Governor and members of the Council, and by other officials, by citizens, and people from other States, and other parts of our own State ; and, in behalf of the school, by the Principal. The Normal choir, and the Lawrance Cornet Band, of Castine, furjiished excellent music. On the succeeding day, the fifth class graduated, with honor to themselves and the school. The new build- ing is an ornament to the town, and is in many respects one of the best school-houses in the State. It has ample accommodations for two hundred pupils.* School Statistics. The average annual number of scholars in each district, from 1813 to 1815, was, omitting fractions, as follows : — • We are indebted to Mr. Fletcher, the FrincipRl of the school, for the material for the foregoing uccount. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 149 (( a n In District Number One, two hundred and eighty-seven. " " " Two, fifty-one. Tliree, fort^'-three. Four, thirty. Tlie following are the names of all the teachers men- tioned in the records of the several districts, or which wo, liave been enabled to obtain, from other sources, and the decade in which their names occur. The exact dates it is impossible, in most cases, to ascertain. The records are very defective, and consequently many names are, without doubt, omitted from this list which would otherwise appear. The teachers in District Number One were : — From 1820 to 1830.— Hannah D. Gay, Cynthia Holbrook, Miss C. S. Jellison, Joseph Lull, Susan Stevens, and E. M. Porter Wells. From 1880 to 1810.— Emelinc Perkins, Andrew Pir.gree, Nancy Vose, Sarah Vose, Nancy Watson. From 1840 to 1850. — Mr. Abbott, Mr. George Adams, Mr. Collins, llev. Mr. Farwell, Sarah H. Hawes, Fraiices Hosmer, Abigail Mead, Richard Potter. Mehitable Rog- ers, and Mr. Savage. From 1850 to 1860. — L. H. Hatch, Mary E. Field, L. Hunt, Georgie Lane, Charlotte Y. Little, Lizzie H. Morse, Hannah M. Perry, Ellis Peterson, Bertha Rogers, Hannah D. Robbins, Emeline C. Sawyer, Cornelia Upham, Susan R. Upham, L. D. Wardwell, David W. Webster, Jr., Zadoc Withani, and Miss H. A. Wood. From 18G0 to 1865. — Fannie J. Gardner, Miss Condon, Anna P. Cate, Marietta Hatch, Ellis Peterson, Miss A. G. Porter, Miss E. E. Sawyer, and Miss A. Wilder. In District Number Two : — From 1820 to 1830.— Miss Abigail Hatch. From 1830 to 1840. — William F. Nelson, Alexander Perkins, Miss Wright. From 1840 to 1850.— J. W. Hutchiiis, Fannie Little, and David W. Webster, Jr. From 1850 to 1860. Phoebe Ellis, Fannie Little, Hester Lull, G. S. Hill, Rev- erend William J. Robinson, Hosea B. Wardwell, Laura Webber, Clara Wescott, Sarah N. Wescott, Irene Witham, and Zadoc Witham. From 1860 to 1865. — Lucy Hatch, Sarah Hooke, Mary Lufkin, Mary J. Robliins, Hannah Robbins, Reverend Mr. Wardwell, and David W. Webster, Jr. In District Number Three : — From 1820 to 1830.~Sarah Hayden, and William B. 20 150 HISTORY OF CASTTNE, y J 1 Webber. From 1850 to 1865. — George E. Brown, Mary E. Dodge, Edwin Ginn, Clara A. Littlefield, Hosea B. Ward well, David W. Webster, Jr., Sarah M. Wescott, and Zadoc Withani. • - -• - In District Number Four : — A school is said to have been taught in this district two years before the incoi-^oration of the town, by a Mrs. Parker, in her dwelling-house. The following winter it was taught by a Mr. Downes. In 1801, the school was taught by an Englishman named Bowlin. He is said to have been an escaped convict, and to have been carried back to England by the British, when they left here in 1815, and to have been afterwards hung. It is further said of him, that his mode of punishing imruly scholars, was to cause them to sit down on a '' peaked brick." From 1806 to 1820. — Mr. Rowlinson, and Reverend Mr. Ricker, taught in this district. From 1820 to 1830.— Andrew Steele.— From 1880 to 1840.— Harriet Devereux, Sarah IJ. Hawes, Charles Hutchings, Harrison Hutchings, Ursula Lawrence, Miss Minot, Louisa Rogers, Betsey Steele, Angelira Steele, Lucretia Stone, Theodosia M. Wescott, Robert VVardwell, Jeremiah Wardwell, and Zadoc Witham. 1840 to 1850. — Nehemiah Basset, Clara Basset, Frankli'i Chatman, Harriet Dresser, Lucy Osmore, Miriam Patter, Nathan Patterson, Hannali Perry, Sarah Trott, Betsey Turner, Jeremiah Wardwell, Zadoc Witham, Samuel Wasson, Sarah Wescott, Lucy J. Wescott, and Clara White. From 1850 to 1865. Rufus Cole, Lizzie Dodge, Henry Folsom, Harrison Ginn, Amanda Hatch, Amelia Harriman, Caroline Higgins, Ellen S. Hutchings, Harrison Hutchings, Ruby King, Abby Oakes, Louisa Perkins, Mary J. Robbins, Sarah Rowell, Louisa Springfield, S. D. Staples, Rebecca Trott, Austin Wardwell, Eliakim Wardwell, Evan Wardwell, Mary' E. Wardwell, David W. Webster, Jr., and Zadoc Witham. Owing to the loss of so many of the school returns, it is impossible to estimate, with any exactness, the average wages, for each term, of the teachers, in the different dis- tricts. All that it is possible to state is that the average of the districts oft" the peninsula has been somewhat below fifty dollars a term, and of district Number One, somewhat below seventy-five dollars. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 161 School Repokts. first report of any school committee was in 1836. very short ; gave no particulars in regard to the The It was schools : contained no recommendations, and simply reported the schools as in a very prosperous condition. In the next report, in 1841, the committee complain of a great want of attendance, and lack of punctuality on the part of the scholars. They recommend feiver studies ; a greater uniformity of books ; more frequent visiting by parents and others ; an improvement of the school houses ; and that the school on the peninsula be kept for forty-two weeks in the year, by a male teacher. They also recom- mend, we regret to say, that the wafjes of all the teachers he reduced. This report is signed: B. B. Beckwith,/or the committee. The superintending school committee in their report for 1856, recommend the introduction, into all the schools, of Tower's series of Grammars, and also recommend a change in the Readers. " Believing that an interest in the subject of education may be awakened by the printing and circu- lation of the Annual School Reports among the families of this town," they recommend thut subsequent committees be authorized, at their discretion, to have the report thus printed and circulated. Joseph L. Stevens signs for this committee. The report for 1857, is printed. In this report the Pri- mary school is declared to be altogether too large for one teacher, numbering, as it did, one hundred and three schol- ars. In his remarks the writer says : " We are more and more impressed with the importance of having a teacher of thorough training and ample qualifications, placed in charge of this school. Perhaps there is no one in the series requiring in the teacher, for the best success, such an unusual combination of qualities as does the Primary. Here it is tiiat systematic effort is first made to awaken in the young mind its slumbering capacities ; here, that it is first taught to act and think ; and here it is that character is most impressible." The Apprentice school is well spoken of in this report, though it, like the other schools, is said to have suffered from unsteady attendance. It is stated in this report that there were two principal objects sought to be accomplished in the establishment of this school. One, " the efficient instruction in the essential branches of prac- 152 HISTORY OF CASTINE, J J tical education of those who could attend school only for some weeks of the winter season. This could be done only in a school especially desis^ned for them." The other object was " that the High school might reach the condi- tion of a high school." In his remarks in regard to the High school, the writer speaks in the highest terms of the a nlity and devotion of the teacher, Mr. Ellis Peterson. This school is declared to afford " better advantages of education than can be enjoyed in most of the Boarding- schools and Academies in the County." The closing par- agraphs of this report refer to the " Labor question." They are full of sound sense, and would be especially appli- cable at the present day, the drift of them being that Labor to compete successfully with Capital, must be educated. In their report for 1858, the committee state that the "condition of the schools off the peninsula is not what it ought to be. They fail, however, to give the reason why Buch is the case. The report speaks commendably of all the village schools. It states also, that the grading of the schools on the peninsula was, this year completed.* They were divided into four schools, called the Primary, Inter- mediate, Select and High. For transfer from the Primary to the Intermediate school, the scholar was required to be able to read fluently in Sargent's First Reader, and to pass a satisfactory examination in Emerson's Arithmetic, and in the addition and multiplication tables. For transfer to the Select school, the scholar must have passed through Mitch- ell's Primary Geography, Colburn's Arithmetic — as far as section 7, page 79 — and through the simple rules of com- mon Arithmetic. For transfer to the High school, Colburn's Arithmetic must have been finished ; also, Mitchell's Com- mon School Geography, Tower's Elements of Grammar, Quackenbos's History of the United States, and Greenleaf 's Introduction to the Common School Arithmetic, as far as decimal fractions. Sargent's Readers, and Worcester's Spelling Book, were introduced into the schools this year, the old books having been in use for twelve years. The committee recommend the fixing up of the Western school house for a.i Apprentice school, and the erection of a new building for the Primary and Intermediate schools. *Tlie grading principle began to be acted on in our scliools in 1840. Joseph L. Stevens, Hezeliiali Williams, and Charles J. AUbott, being the school com- mittee who inaugurated it, and from whom we obtain our information. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 15S i far as coni- burn's Com- unmar, nleaf 8 far as ester's s year, The /"estern tion of chools. This latter suggestion they urge strongly, not only on account of the interests of the schools themselves, but also as a means of counteracting, somewhat, the great depres- sion of business which was being felt by the laboring classes of the town. The report for 1 860, shows a very commendable improve- ment in all the schools. The committee are very decidedly in favor of strict discipline in school. The report concludes by expressing the obligation the people of District Number One were under, to Mr. John W. Dresser, for the gratui- tous instruction in music, given by him for many months, to the members of the High and Select schools. The last three reports are signed, for the committees^ by Mr. Charles J. Abbott. The report for the year 1862, is printed. In it the com- mittee remark that the schools, taken as a whole, have been more successful than in any former year, the result of the steady liberal support yielded them. The report dwells much upon the importance of educating the children, rather than allowing them to educate themselves: This report is signed, for the committee, by Mr. David W. Webster, Jr. In the year 1864, Diplomas were, for the first time, given to those who graduated from the High school. These diplomas were upon parchment, and read as follows : — Diploma of Castine High School. Awarded To Who has attended the Castine High School for more than four years ; has been distinguished for Constant Attendance, Exemplary Deportment, and Diligent and Thorough Study ; and who is believed to be entitled by Culture and Scholarship, to this Diploma. School Committee of Castine. Teacher Castine, 186 154 History ot cASxiifE, A large class of young gentlemen and ladies was gradu- ated this year. A few classes have, we believe, received diplomas since then, but of late years no graduations have taken place.* From the foregoing rather incomplete account of the attention paid to educational matters in this town, it is plainly to be seen, that the citizens of Castine, have a right to feel a pride in the past history of their public schools. It is equally to be seen that these schools have at no time been free from imperfections. Perfection can no more be looked for in the future than in the past, but it is hoped that this record of what was done for the cause of education by our forefathers, may incite all to increased zeal in the matter of a common education provided by the people for the people. ♦Until this year (1874), when a class of seven or eight were publicly grad- uated. It is to be noped that in future, each year will see a class ready for graduation. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 155 CHAPTER VII. MILITARY HISTORY. (Subsequent to Incorporation of Penobscot.) Importance of Castine as a Military Post. — Mili- tia AND Regulars here in 1787 to 1812. — War OF 1812. — British Expedition. — British Occu- pation. ■ — British Garrison Evacuated. — Fort George Re-occupied by the Americans. — Roster op Castine Artillery Company. — Hancock Guards. — Troops Sent to the Aroostook. — Castine Light Infantry. — It Volunteers for Service in 1861. — Services Rendered by the three Towns in the "War of the Rebellion. Probably no place in the State of Maine has passed through so many changes, as the peninsula of Castine. Indians, French, Flemish pirates, Dutch, English, and Americans, have each occupied it. France held posses- sion of it for almost the entire seventeenth century. No less than five naval engagements have taken place in its harbor. To use the language of another: "it has never been without a garrison from 1680 to 1783, and has always been dealt with by the nations in whose possession it has been as a place of great importance." General De Peyster remarks : " This is one of the most remarkable points all along our coasts; which, under any other government than our own, would have long since been transformed into a naval and militar}' fortress of the first class." [Dutch at North Pole, and Dutch in Maine, p. 41).] Such was the military character of the place before its incorporation ; and although since that time, the foot of the invader has pressed its soil but once, yet even its later military history will be found not devoid of interest. As early as 1787, there was a company of the 1st Regi- 156 HISTORY OF CASTINE, ment, 2d Brigade, 8th Division of Massachusetts Militia here — of wliich Mr. Jeremiah Ward well was Captain. On July 10th. 1799, a recruiting office for the 15th U. S. Regiment was opened here. The recruiting officer was Captain John Blake. Eli Forbes was made the Captain of a company. Doctor Oliver Mann a Surgeon in the regi- ment, and Thomas Stevens a Lieutenant in Captain Hun- newell's company. On November 1st, forty men left town, to join their regiment. These men were all regulars^ but we find it stated in the Castine Journal of this date, that an artillery company, of which Lieutenant Lee had command, paraded here upon that day. This company formed, probably, a part of the State militia. During the first six months of the year 1800, this company was in mourning for General Washington. In 1810, a meeting of the regiment to which it belonged was called, in Castine, to elect a Colonel, to take the place of Joseph I/ee, who had resigned. In the year 1804, Jeremiah Wardweli, of Penobscot, was in command of some regiment, possibly of the one above mentioned. The following letter proves this fact, and also shows that they were called into service, though it is not certain that they ever left town : '♦'Col. J. Wai dwell, Sir : It- appears that an insurrection has broken out in the settlement west of Belfast, and the insurgents threaten to burn the town of Belfast, and it appears necessary that the militia should be put in readiness to march at the shortest notice. You are hereby ordered to examine the town stocks of ammunition within the limits of your regiment, and have them filled up immediately, and have fifty men equipped and ready to march, if they should be called for. I am, Sir, your most obedient and humble Servant, JOHN CROSBY, B. GeneraL Hampden, June 29, 1804." The only time, since the municipal period of the town commenced, that it has been in possession of a foreign foe, was during what is generally known as the War of BTIOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 157 1812. The lonrr continued impreHsniont of American sea- men by the British — whi(!h was upheld by them — together with numberless insults to our flai^, and the superior pol- icy of Napoleon, in abandoning- the right to searcli neutral vessels ; all these things combined to compel the United States, on June 18th, of that year, to declare War against Great Britain. Active hostilities did not commence for more than a year, but the note of preparation began at once to be heard. Sometime in the year 1813, a detach- ment of regular troops, belonging to the brigade of General Blake, was stationed in town. [Williamson, Vol. 2, p. 632.]* In April, 1814, there were at this place nineteen men belonging to Captain Fillebrown's company, of the 40tli Infantry, viz : one 3d Lieutenant, one Sergeant, two Corporals, and fifteen privates. On INIay 16th. a detach- ment of the same company, commanded by Lieutenant Andrew Lewis, was added. On the thirty-first of Juh% the detachment, which had been converted into one of artillery, consisted of one 2d Lieutenant, one Sergeant, and six privates. The ordnance consisted of one 24- pounder, twelve hand-s[)ikes, nine muskets, and six bayo- nets. [Monthly returns of 40th Regt.] This year a body of men from two British armed vessels entered, in the night, the fort at Thomaston, spiked the guns, destroyed the build- ings and ammunition, set fire to one vessel, and towed off two others. This daring exploit created such general alarm, that the militia of the State were ordered out to act as a coast guard, and a draft was made upon the militia at Bangor and vicinity, in order to increase the force at this garrison. [Williamson, Vol. 2, p. 642.] An expedition was planned by the English, at Halifax, against Penob- scot and Machias. The fleet consisted of the following vessels : Three 74s — The Dragon, Spencer and Buhvark; two frigates — the Burhante and Tenedos ; two sloops — the Sylph and Peruvian ; one schooner — the Fictu ; one large tender, and ten transports. Upon these, three thousand five hundred men embarked, besides the usual camp fol- lowers. They consisted of the 29th, 62d, 98th, two rifle companies of the 60th, and a detachment of the Royal Artillery, regiments. The 29th Regiment was called the •There had been, as mentioned before, an artillery companj' in this town for several years. We are uncertain whether these were the same troops referred to by Williamson, but we think not. 21 J ' f ; ■ : 1 ■ 1 IL ::0i 158 nrsTORY of castint., Boston Rcr/hnent^ it beiiijr the same that perpetrated the Boston 3ftis8acri'. One man who was a private; at the time of the massaere, was here with the regiment at thl.s time. [Niles' Weekly Register, Vol. 7, p."^ 280.] The troops had composed a part of Wellington's army, and many of them Avere said to be Germans. [Ibid. Vol. 7, p. ol.] Lieutenant General Sir John C. Sherbrooke had the chief, and Major General Gerard Gosselin the immediate com- mand of the land forces, and Edward Griffith, Hear Admiral of the White, had the command of the naval squadron. The fleet sailed from Halifax on the twenty- sixth of August, and arrived at the Hack Cove on Thurs- day, September 1st. They seized at once upon a reve- nue cutter, and upon all the shipping in the harbor. [Eaton's Thomaston, So. Thomaston and Rockland.] So formidable an appearance did this fleet offer, that our troops, which were in garrison at the lower fort — Fort Por- ter* — without waiting to go through the form of a sur- render, immediately discharged their camion, blew up the magazine, and fled up the bay. The English at once took peaceable possession of the place. In the course of the day, they landed the greater part of their troops, took possession of Fort George, seized the Court House and Custom House — which were used as barracks for the soldiery — erected numerous batteries and a block-house, and took some of the best and most commodious house.', for the abode of the officers. They also had a detach- ment at the old church in North Castine, and occui)ied Mr. Hooke's barn as a hospital. Captains Gell and Coker, and Lieutenants Sands and Evans, with their servants, quartered in the dwelling house of Mr. Otis Little. They were not aware, however, that a hundred muskets, and an abundance of ammunition were concealed under the hay- mow, in the barn. These munitions of war were the property of the town and State, and were not brought out from their hiding-places until after peace was proclaimed. When the fleet sailed up the harbor, the whole popula- tion turned out to witness the sight,. though not without feelings of dismay. The inhabitants on the Brooksville side ascended the high hill in the northern part of the town and ♦This fort mounted at the time, four 'i4-pounders. It was rvidenlly untinuble uguiiist a. force of uny niHgnitude, being ojien to nn nttutk lioni tl>e rear. [Ballard's man. Sketch of Casline.] According to the account in Nile's Kegistcr, [Vol. 7, p. 51.] there were twenty-four 32-pounders, four of which were destined for the new fort at Portland. BROOKSVILLE AND TENOBSCOT. 159 waited, with intense anxiety, to obtain a view of the expected conflict. Making this place the head-(iuavtevs of their forces, the Britisli soon began to send ont foraging parlies through the region round about and even across the liiiy. In a very short time also, they sent detachments up the river and succeeded in capturing the towns of Hamp- den, liangor, Fninkfort, and lUicksport. They brought hack from their incursion, some eighteen or twenty horses, a large number of oxen, sheep, etc., and six vessels. These vessels were the Bant/or Pa>;h't, the schooner Oliver Spear^ the Hancock^ — whieh was retiiken — the Lucif^ — which was lost — the Polh/^ — which was ransomed — and the "beautiful boat" Cato. Making but four vessels actually brought into this harbor. The Liverpool Trader, belonging to Mr. Joseph Perkins, was burned. They burned and destroyed many other vessels, and reijua'cd bonds from the several town^i to deliver up at Castine, within about a month, all the remainder that were uninjured. Upon the iirst and fifth of September, General Sherbrooko and Admiral Griffith issued proclamations to the eflect that, if the people would remain quietly at their homes and continue to pursue their usual avocations, would surrender all their arms, and would refrain fi"m communicating intelligence to the Americans, they should have proteetion and safety ensured to them. Also, that the municipal laws and civil magistrates would be supported, and that all eitizens who would furnish the troops with provisions, should receive pay for the same. There were frequent changes of the British forces and vessels, occurring during the year, but there were seldom less than fourteen or fifteen sail of this .s(|uadron in the harbor. The English repaired Fort George, occupied it with a garrison, and mounted some sixty cannon there. They iil^o enlarged the trench, said to have been made by Mowati, in 1779, so as to form a canal ten or twelve feet in width and eighty rods in length. Tiiis canal was dug fully as much to prevent desertions as to guard against a surprise. Desertions were becoming of daily occurrence, and still took place after this canal was dug. Two deserters were captured, tried, sentenced, and shot. One w.as shot while attempting to cross the canal. The English about this time made Castine a port of entry, and appointed William Newton, Collector of the Customs. The property of Mr. Hooke, the former Collector — who had succeeded in escaping with all the public papers — was 'mt ?: {!■"■ ino . ftiaronY of castixk, oonfisoated. All tlie vessels l)cloiionipr bore provlnus fo tlir suirendor of the pl.ioo were, however, returned to their owners, and were allowed a clearance! and free inturconrso with New lirnnswiek, and otluir liritish I'rovinccs. [Nih's' Uefifistor, Vol. 7, p. 110.1 Upon tin; twelfth of September, General Sherbrooke an(l Admiral ({ritrith, with about one- half the forces, left for Machias. Rear Admiral Milno and (xerard Gossclin were left in command of the naval and land forces. All intercourse between tlio eastern and west- ern sides of the I'enobs(;ot was ])revented, as much as possible, by both the Hritish and the United States author- ities. The followino- order was issued by the Post Oftico Depttrtment at Washington : — General Post Office, September 20, 1814. Sundry Post-oflRces in the District of Maine, bcinc^ possessed by, or under the control of, the j)ublic enemy, and it being possible that others may be in the same situation, it is bereby ordered, that the Post Master (at the nearest safe Post-office to those offices so possessed or controlled by tbe enemy) detain, open and account for the mails addressed to them, in the same manner as if addressed to his own office. Whenever it shall become safe to forward mails to such Post-offices, the letters and papers remaining undelivered, ait to be remailed and forwarded immediately to their places or destination, either by special express, at the expense of this office, or by the regular carrier. (Signed.) R. J. MEIGS, Jr., Postmaster General. From the above order it would appear probable that all letters for Castine were, at this time, left either at Belfast, or at Prospect. On November the third, a small fleet of merchant vessels arrived here from Eastport, under convoy of the war-brig Fantine. One unarmed schooner, lately the American privateer " Snap JDraxfon^'' having on board some British Marines, was hailed by a boat from Waldoboro' — Captain Cook — was fired upon and had two men killed and two wounded. The boat then returned to port. Sometime in January, 1815, a transport from Halifax, with a re-inforce- nttOOKSVILLK AND rKNOBSCOT. 161 mont of two hundred and fifty soldiers for the garrison at this phioe, M'as chased ashore, not far from here, hy thretj American privateers, and lost. The troops, however, p^ot safely to land and marched to town. [Niles' Rej,'ister, Vol. 8,1). 1 OH.] l)urin_iT the whole time of the British occupation, no attempt was made on the part of either the State or United States authorities to rer^^ain possession of the place, 'i'iic ([Uestion was discussed in the Senate of the conmionwealth, hut it was decided that any attempt to recover the place, even should it succeed, would involve too much bloodshed. The National <^overnment would ])rohal)ly have attempted the expulsion of the enemy from the place, had it not been for the refusal of Governor Stronf]f, of Massachusetts, to assist. However coj^ent may have been the reasons on the part of the Governor, his indisposition to make any attempt to regain the place, caused him to be very unpopular, not only in portions of his own State, but pretty generally throughout the country. He was dubbed "the Hkho of Castine," and according to the National Advocate^ it was proposed by the inhabitants of the District of Maine, to present him with a sword " as a mark of their estimation of his patriotic and gallant defence of Castine, and the prompt and etlicient protection he afforded that District when invaded by the enemy." The sword was to be con- structed of the best ivhite pine, and to be ornamented with appropriate emblems ! [Niles' Register, Vol. 7, p. ^80, and Vol. 8, Supplement, p. 187.] During this time our citizens had, naturally, to endure very many inconveniences and annoyances, especially from officers like Barrie, Cap- tain of the Draffon, a rough sailor, who " was a total stran- ger to litei'ature, to every generous sentiment, and even to good breeding." Notwithstanding these inconveniences, however, there was much, in the rapid growth of business — ill the social amenities observed by some high-minded and generous-dispositioned officers, both of superior and infe- rior rank — and in the amusements afforded by the mere presence of so large a number of people, as was at that time here, to render the period one of some considerable gayety. No regret was experienced, however, by the majority, when at length — April 15, 1815 — the garrison was evacuated, and the town resumed its usual intercourse with its neighbors. After Fort George was evacuated by the British, our 162 HISTORY OP CASTINE, forces took possession, and a company was sent here to gar- rison it. About llie year 1818, a Board of Engineers was appointed by the Unitcv.1 States Government, to survey the Coast of Maine, with a view to fortifying it. This Board repoi-ted in favor of abandoning Castine, and fortifying Biicksport Narrows. Accr)rdingly, in March, 1819, the garrison was evacuated by cur troops. Captain Leonard, and Lieutenant McLityre, were the officers in command liere at the time, and Doctor William Ballard, the Surgeon. There was in Penobscot, at this time, and had probably been for some years, a company of militia. About this time it was commanded by Captain Eben Hutchings. We have been unable to ascertain any further particulars in regard to it The organization of the Artillery company — mentioned in the first part of this chapter — was kept up for quite a numl)er of years after the evacuation of the town by the British.* This company mustered in Brooksville, Septem- ber 18. 1831, under the command of Captain Eben P. Parker, and the members were paid fifty cents each for their services on that day. The following is the roster of the company at that time : Captain Eben P. Parker, Edward liawrence, William Jarvit-^ ^Villiam Averill, Rufus P. Parker, Otis Hatch, Daniel Moore, Stephen Wichara, ' John Blake, Jr., Robert C. Straw, Darius Lawrence, Ithiel Lawrence, John Wilson, David C. Wilson, Jotham Gardner, Otis Morey, William F. Nelson, Thomas A. Murch, Reuben Turner, James Turner, John Bridges, Miles Gardner, Robert Stockbridge, Isaac Stockbridge, Benjamin vVilson, Zimri Bryant, Eldridge Bridges, John B. Wilson, James j^oster, Jonathan L. Moor, Robert Moor. How long the organization of this company was kept up, is uncertain ; but the military spirit of the community *C'apt:iin Clmrles Rogers, tho present Postm-istor at Ciwtine, wiis at ono time in coninianil of this company, but is unable to give tiie date in which lio held that office. EROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 163 was preserved and fostered by the formation, about this time, of a company of Light Infantry, by the name of the Hancock Guards. They constituted Company " D " of the First Regi- ment, First Brigade, Third Division of the State Militia. No account of this company is to be found prior to the year 1839, and the opinion of former members is that it was formed that year. On February 17th, of this year, the State, fearing an invasion, on account of the difficulties with England, in regard to the settlement of the North- eastern Boundary question, ordered all the Militia to the Northeastern frontier. Twenty-one members of Company D went to Aroostook County, and performed military duty for some two months — though they saw no enemy.* This calling out of the State Militia is popularly known as the " Aroostook War," and has to this day, rather unfairly, we think, been the source of miich amusement and raillery, at the expense of those who participated in it. It cer- tainly required no small degree of courage, to brave the deep snows and excessive cold of an unbroken wilder- ness, in the most Northern portion of the United States, for the express purpose of meeting, as they supposed, an armed foe. TL men who could cheerfully do this, would, without doubt, have acquitted themselves honorably in actual battle, had occasion required. The expenses of this Company cost the town the sum of three hundred and ninety-six dollars and thirty-seven cents, which amount was, however, reimbursed by the State. The following bill and vouchers show to whom this money was paid, and for what purposes : Dr. THE STATE OF MAINE, TO THE TOWN OF CASTINE. Upon Requisition of 17th February, 1839. 1839. of H. Rowell's bill, $32.72 " Witherle & Jarvis's " 34.92 " William Chamberlain's" 52.64 « Adams & Gay's * " 35.60 " J. Hooper,Jr's, " .55 •The names of those members of Compuny D, who went to the Aroostook, will be fouuil in Part III. Feb. 17th. For art n 19th. n (fc tl ik n (( a n ii K ki a n a 164 nrsTOHY OF castine, Feb. 17th. For am't of Richard Hawes's bill, " 21st. ii. " H. M. & J. J. Hyde's " " 22(1. a " Pond & Johnson's " (( a ^i " Joseph Bryant's " U (( n " Joshua Norwood's " » 28(1. n " John A. Averv's " (( a " Fayette Bilker's " March 11th. n " D. Montgomery's " 4.00 16.01) 19.50 20.65 24.00 15.88 20.02 68.00 Upon Requisition of 9th of March, 1839. March 13. For amount of Charles Rogers' bill,19,68] 1363.75 " " interest upon .$363.75 to Feb 13, 1840—11 mos., 120.00 ♦' " commissions to Selectmen upon purchases, &c., .05 per cent, 18.18 1401.93 Contra Cr. By amount of sales of camp utensils, &c., returned, $5.56 $396.37 The undersigned, a majority of the Selectmen of the town of Castine, hereby certify that the expenditures charged in the foregoing account, were made for the pur- pose of furnishing a detachment of the Militia belonging to said town, which were ordered into actual service by the autliority of the State, in February and March last, with transportation, supplies of provisions, camp equipage, and camp utensils, as provided by law ; and that the account is just and true, according to our best knowledge and belief. C. J. ABBOTT, CHARLES ROGERS, Selectmen of Castine. From the accompanying account, certificates, and vouch- ers, it appears ' the number of men for whicli transporta- tion was furnished' was eighteen, and with Captain Wing, nineteen. One man and a one-horse team to Milford from Castine, forty-seven miles ; one man and a two-horse team to Houlton, from Castine, one hundred and sixty miles. Tlie name of the Commanding Officer — late Cap- tain — now Lieutenant Colonel Wing. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 165 The number of men for which supplies were furnished, was eighteen, and with Capt. Wing, nineteen. Supplies commenced February 21st, 1839, and those furnished were consumed mostly by the tenth of March. The camp utensils will be found in the several vouchers — chiefly in the bills of H. Rowell, R. Hawes, and Adams & Gay — and those returned in the memoranda of William Chamberlain, auctioneer. Upon Requisition of 9th of March, 1839, three soldiers, accompanied by Mr. Charles Rogers, one of the Select- men, went to Bangor. Mr. Rogers paid for their board while there, in preference to purchasing rations, etc., and the charge appears in his bill. I hereby certify that the camp utensils, supplies, ser- vices, &c., charged in the several bills in the foregoing account, under Requisition of 17th February, 1839, were actually furnished for myself and eighteen men from said Castine, of the Hancock Guards under my command, and that Fayette Buker, with his one-horse team, and David Montgomery, with his two-horse team, attended said troops with said camp utensils, supplies, &c., to wit: Fayette Buker from Castine to Milford, forty -seven miles ; and David Montgomery from Castine to Houlton, one hundred and sixty miles, and that the certificate marked A, si'Tfned by William Chamberlain, contains a true list of the camp utensils returned. CilAS. H. WING, Capt. of D Co., L. Inft., 1st Regt., 1st Brig., 3d Division. We hei hy certify that the disbursements for necessary supplies 01 ransportation, provisions, camp equipage, and camp utens s, charged in the foregoing account, were actually mad , and are agreeable to the provisions of law, and that said account is just and true. (Signed,) C. J. ABBOTT, ) Selectmen of CHARLES ROGERS, j Castine. (Dated) January 20th, 1840." The next reference to this company is to a meeting of it in 1840, when they offered to do duty for the town as 22 IGf) HISTORY OF CASTINE, ' Engine Men. The following letter was sent to the Select- men of the town: "At a meeting of the Hancock Guards, on Monday, tlie fourth inst., a question was laid before said H. Guards, by Captain O. Hatch, ' whether or no the said H. Guards "would volunteer themselves to do the duty of Engine Men, for the town of Castine ? ' The above question was tried by a vote of said H. Guards, and decided in the affirmative. And said H. Guards, therefore, volunteer themselves to do the duty of Engine Men. By so doing, the}'' do not wish to injure any one, but have only the public g(x>d in view. We, the subscribers, were chosen to lay the above proceedings before the Board of Selectmen. D. S. O. WILLSON, ) Committee for OTIS HATCH, H. Guards.*' No further reference to this company is to be found, but :*■ is most likely that its organization was not long kept up. On July 17th, 1858, forty-eigbt citizens — including a jiumber of the prominent men of the town — petitioned the Governor and Council for authority to be organ-ized into a military company, by the name of the Castine: Light Infantry. On September 22d, an order was issued by the Governor, granting the petitions and assigning them, under the designation of Company " B," to- the fii-st Regi- ment, first Brigade, and seventh Division of the State Militia. On August 3d, a temporary organizHtion was- formed, and upon August 12th, a requisition was made upon the Arsenal-keeper at Portland, for arms and eq^uip- ments. On the thirty-first of the month, the eo ) L8s. 2d. '84. s. Od. 3 ) 3d." Jolni- jmiscel- lad con- Itin had Olivi" I Doctor ling the lenced a law In 1802, Mr. Richard Ilawes commenced trade here. There wore also, at this time seven \' irehouses h >re; a tan- nery, ke{)t by M Freeman; a ropi'-w.ilk, by Mr. Sainuel Whitney, and stweral saw and i^rist mills. In 180!>, Doctor ,). Thurston settled in town. This year Mr. liradshaw Hall eoniini'uced (he pnmp and bloi k mak- iiirice as at Moston. Mertdiantablc! boiinls ■were worth ten dolliirs per thousand. Oalicoes are said ti» liave sold tor one dollar per yard. As the JCnglish would receive nothing but ttperie — except provisions and lund)er — so great an amount of it was brought hither that (juite a number of banks, in different parts of tlu; State, were obliged, in conseiiuenee of.it, to suspend payments. 'I'lie duties on dry goods, reijuired at this time from the residents of the place, were two and one-half per cent. From non- residents live per cent, was demanded. As duties were also demanded by the American authorities, uj)on these same goods when they were landed at other points, the natural conse<[uenee was that a vast amount of smuggling was car- ried on between this and the neighboring towns. In tlu; winter time dry goods were carried across the river, at different places on the ice. This was generally doiu^ at night, although occasionally oiui would be found venture- some enough to attempt it in broad day-light. There are some now living who assisted in these exciting midnigiit adventures, and many others who have listened to tlu; recital of them at the paternal llreside. After the departure of the British forces, the Collector of Customs, upon his return to this place, conceived it to l)e his duty to collect the duties upon all the imported goods he could iind in the town. Some of the merchants positive- ly refused to pay these duties, but many of tliem furnished bonds. The Supreme Court of the United States sustain- ing the action of those who refused payment, the individuals who had i)ald, or were under bonds to pay, petitioned Con- gress for relief. The matter was referred to the Committee of Ways and Means, which on January 15th, 1824, reporteil as follows: — "The Committee of Ways and Means, to whom Avas referred the several petitions of Joshua Aubin, Nathaniel W. Appleton, and C. H. Appleton, John Tajjpan, Williaia UROOKSVlliT.E AND PKNOHSCOT. ITf, Whitolioad, Jiinies Crawford, Dimiel Johnston, Otis Lit- tle, David Howe, Tliatclu'r Avery, Klienezor Hods, and were in the entire and exclusive control, and under the jurisdiction of the said enemy. On the first of September, 1814, the Collector of the Ciiston)s for the district of Penobscot, removed, with the papers of his office, to Hampton, [Hampden ] on the western side of Penobscot river, and there continued to transact the business of the Custom-house, until after peace was restor- ed between the United States and Great Hritain. Immedi- ately after the capture of Castine, the British government there established a Custom-house, or excise-house, and ap- pointed a Collector of the Customs, who from that time until the twenty-fourth of April, 1815, continued to receive entries of vessels and merchandise, conformably to the lawa and regulations in the province of Nova Scotia. During this period many merchants residing at Castine imported goods, and entered them with said British Collector, paying duties thereon to the British government; and a part of said goods, on the return of peace, remained in Castine. The United States Collector, after the peace, but before the actual evacuation of Castine, established his office upon, or near the British lines, and required that all goods, of foreign growth or manufacture, which had been imported during the hostile occupation, and were still there, should he entered as if then originally imported into the United States in a foreign vessel, and threatened to seize and detain the goods, unless the owners or consignees, would immedi- ately pay, or secure to the United States, duties thereon as aforesaid. To avoid the great loss and injury which would have been sustained by a seizure and detention of said /f^Hl 176 HISTORY OF CASTINE, goods, tlip owners or consic^nees thereof, entered the same with said ( 'ollector, and gave honds for the duties, inelud- ing- the additional duty for importation in a foreign vessel. At the time said honds became due, some of the persons who had given tliem paid the same, trusting to tlie (jrovernment of tlie United States for restitution, while others refused to pay, and suits were commenced against them in the disti'ict courts of Massachusetts and Maine, for the recovery of the same, which suits were discontinued by order of the Secretary of the Treasury, in consequence of the unanimous opinion of the Justices of the Supreme Conrtof the United States in the case of United States vs. Rice, tluit the act of the Collector exacting said bonds was illegal, the goods not being liable for the duties to the United States. The petitioners are of the number of those who actually paid the duties to the Government before the suit against Rice, and before the decision of the Supreme Court, pro- nouncing their ^legality. Tiie Committefa further report that this subject was brought before Congress in the year 1820, upon the appli- cation of Jonathan L. Stevens, and others, situated similarly with the petitioners in many respects, and on the eleventh of j^pril of that year, an act was passed for their relief, and authorizing a refunditure of the duties, provided it should be proved to the satisfaction of the Secretary of the Treasury, that the persons named in the law were residents of Castine or Buclcsport, or were purchasers from residents, of the goods on which the duties have been imposed. The Committee do not perceive that the resiclenee of the importer, or owner of the goods, can vary the law applica- ble to the cases. The decision of the Supreme Court is, that duties could not be legally exacted upon any part of these goods by the United States, and it is presumed that those persons who voluntarily submitted to the authority of the custom-house officers, should not be placed in a worse situation, than otiiers who refused to comply with the requisitions of the Collector. The Committee do not pretend to ascertain the principle upon which a previous Congress has decided, but believing all the cases to be governed by the san? t rule of law, they submit to the House the papers and documents they have been able to collect, and that the subject may be fairly cou- sidesid, they report a bill." [House Reports, 18th Con- grtJss, 1st Session.] BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 177 In 1828, the first professional dentist took up his abode in town. The following list of the prices of various com- modities, that year, will prove not uninteresting at the pres- ent time : Price Current, in 1828. Beans, per bushel. Butter, per pound, Cheese, " "• Coftee, a t; Flour, " barrel, Corn, " bushel, OaLs, " bushel. Lard, " pound, Molasses, per gallon, Spirits, (4 H Sugar, " pound. lea. i( i( L'om 35 $1.25 .12 .08 .14 5.2.") .38 .50 .10 .28 to 1.20 .12 .50 About the year 1831 or 1832, a new rope-walk, in place of that recently destroyed by fire, was erected by Mr. •T'^>liri Dresser. It was put up, at first, near the shore, bu; was afterwards removed to its present location. Customs and Revenue. A Custom House for the collection of revenue, was first established, under the authority of the United States, on July 31, 1789. The collection district included Thomaslon, Frankfort, Sedgwick, and Deer Isle. Tlie Collector was required to reside here. Mr- John Lee was Collector in 17U;), and was, probably, the first one appointed at tlus place, under the United States government. Whether there was ever, prior to this time, any collection of revenue made here under authority of the Colonial or any foreign government, is not known; but it is extremely improbable that such was the case. The place was made a Port of Entiy in 1814. During the occupation l)y the British in the latter part of that year, a Custom House was established by them, and Willliam Newton was appointed Collector. In 1833, the United States bought of the Castine Bank Corporation, the portion of the County building previously 178 HISTORY OF CASTINE, owned and used by the Bank. In 1846, the County Com- missioners refusing to make the necessary repairs — on account of the Courts being no longer lield in this town — a bill was reported in Congress, appropriating one thousand and one hundred dollars for the purchase of a Custom- house. Accordingly, in 1848, the remainder of the build- ing, of which the United States already owned one-fourth, was bought of the County Commissioners. The present Custom-House and Post-Office was erected in 1870. The first revennc cutter stationed here for the enforcement of the laws, and the prevention of smuggling, is said to have been the sloop Wealth, which was here about the year 1800. Navigaton'. The first vessel built hero, since the incorporation of the town, is believed to have beei- the schooner Nancy, owned by Hudson Bishop and Oliver Mann. She received a license as a coaster, from the Custom-house, in 1793. In the year 1791) there were sailing from this port, and owned here, wholly or in -tc t part, — three ships, one brig, ten schooners ana two sloops — a total of sixteen vessels — not including coasLers, of whicli there were several. The ports to which tliey sailed w^ere Liverpool, Barbadoes. Dominica, Antigua, Martinique, and Grenada. The amount of ton- nage taxed here m 1801, was one thousand six hundred and eighty-five and one-half. We have not been able to ascertain the name of the first packet to run between this place and Belfast, but there was one in 1811, that plied between these t^/o places, that was called the Sally. The first steamboat ever known in these waters was the " Maine,'''' commanded by Captain Daniel Lunt, which run between Bath and Eastport, touching at this place. She made her first trip May 22, 1824. On August 20, 1842, the steam frigate Missouri, arrived in this harbor, and remain- ed sometime on exhibition. About the year 1827, the steamer Hancock was built here by Noyes and Chamberlain. She was built very differently from modern steamboats, and had no boiler. Ker steam apparatus was constructed on what is called, we believe, the "Babcock" principle. Her machinery was put into her in Boston, and on her trip down the harbor she gave out, and had to be towed DPOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. ITt) back to the city. Her machinery was afterwards changed. From 1830 to 18r)0, ship building flourished here. A great many ships and brigs, of large size, were built here, by the Adamses, Witherles, and others. Messrs. Brooks, Law- rence, and Noyes were the principal contractors and master- builders. The growth of navigation, not only up and down the Penobscot, but also to this place, rendered the establishment of a light-house at the entrance of this harbor, a necessity. Accordingly, in the year 1828, the I)ici-:'s Head Light-house was built on the north side of the entrance to the harbor.* It was originally built of wood, and was very shabbily constructed. It became so much in need of rei^airs, and so unsafe, that in 1858 it was torn down, and another one built in (or near) its place. The present building is a stone tower, sheathed with wood and painted white, attached to a dwelling of wood, one story and a half, jiainted brown. The light is a fixed tohite, visible at a distance of seventeen nautical miles. The height of the tower, from the base to th.e focal j?/a«e, is forty-two feet. Tlie height of the lifjht above the level of the sea is one hundred and thirty feet. The compass range of visibility is East by North, by Eastward to North. The lens appa- ratus is of the fourth order. COTIPORATIOXS AND MANUFACTURES. About the year 1809, the FoRT Point Ferry Company was incorporated. Mr. Elisha Leighton was the President; William Abl:)ott, Esq., the Agent; and Thomas Adams one of the Directors of the company. The names of the other Directors are not known, but they are believed to have been, mostly, citizens of this town. An attempt was made by this company to convey passengers and teams across the river in a flat boat, carrying a sail, but it resulted in a failure, and horse-power was afterwards used. In 1810, the Castine Mechanic Association was incorporated for the purpose of the manufacture of the screw auger. At that time this was the only place in the world Avhere this kind of auger was manufactured. The Meads having purcliased the patent right some two years before, attempted to carry on the business alone, but after a trial of one year the above named association was formed. *N!iincd, jirobably, niter the first settler iu that j)iirt of the lown. Ciilef Bpelled the word Dyce. 180 HISTORY OP CASTTXE, In 1816, the Castine Bank was established, with a capital of ten thousand dollars. Daniel Johnston, Esq., was President; John Brooks, Cashier; and Samuel Austin Whitney one of the Directors. Who the other officers of the bank were, has not been ascertained. The bank closed up its affairs and relinquished its charter somewhere about the year 1880. In the year 1828, the Penobscot Steamboat Nav- iGATiox Company was incorporated. It is believed to liave been for this company that the steamboat Hancock^ referred to in a preceding page, was l^uilt. The company met with rather poor success, and did not have a very long life. About the year 1835, a company was organized for the purpose of carrying on a Steam Flour Mill. The build- ing was erected, three large boilers were introduced, and two run of stone. For some reason, however, the enter- prise did not prove a success. About this time, the firm of Hatch & Mead carried on a Chain Manufactory, for the making of cables for vessels. This business proved sufficiently remunerative and was continued many j'ears. In the year 1849, two corporations were estahlished in Brooksville. both having citizens of Castine amongst the number of their stockholders. The first was the Brooks- ville Manufacturing Company. The stock was divided into one hundred and seventy shares, and the amount of capital invested was five thousand and seventy dollars. The second, w;is the South I^ay Meadoav Da:si Company. It had a capital stock of one thousand two hundred and fifty dollars, which Avas divided into seventy-seven shares. In the year 1807, the Castine Brick Company was incorporated. It had a capital stock of twenty thousand dollars, which was divided into one hundred and ninety- two shares. The following were its officers at that time — Seth K. Devereux, President ; Frederic A. Ilooke, Treas- urer; Setli K. Devereux, William H. Witherle, Samuel fv. Whiting, Cliarles W. Tilden, Mark P. Hatch, and Fred- eric A. Hooke, Directors. This compi. iij m'u. v rntinues in a floui'ishing eouciltion, and its j.UiMiess i>;.. \''" are informed, steadily increasing. brooksville and penobscot. Valuation of the Town. 181 The property of the town is shown by the following sta- tistics obtained from the tax lists. As these lists were made out somewhat differently in early than in later times, an exact comparison between the different kinds of prop- erty owned at different times, is a matter of considerable difficulty; but the total valuation at the end of each decade, will give the general rate of growth of the town. In 1797, the valuation of the town was as follows : — Polls, 156 ; Heal Estate, |2,477 ; Personal Estate, $2,594; Income from professions, etc., $539; unimproved lands, il29 ; Total number of acres, 4,890 ; Total valuation, $5,739. In 1810, the total valuation was $26,187. In 1820, $28,686. In 1830, $371,560. In 1840, $393,380. In 1850, $597,390. In 1860, the i:umber of Polls was 269, and the total valuation was $812,^40. As this valuation was excessive, it was afterwards reduced, and in 1870, the Polls numbering 258, it was $461,34o. In the decade from 1800 to 1810, Brooksville constituted a part of Castine; and this fact must be borne in mind in reading the statistics of the property owned here in those years. The following description of the property in town, will give an idea of what constituted the wealth of that period, and also of the marked increase in the prosperity of the community. Description of Property, etc., Years 1800, 1810. Polls, - . - . Dwellings, . . - Shops, - - - . Tanneries, * • Ware-houses, - - - - Grist-mills,* - - - Barns, _ _ - - Rope-walks, - - - Saw-mills, - - - - Other buildings, - - - Wharfage, superficial feet of f- *0ne of these mills was, probably, the windmill erected by Mr. Murk Hutv.li, one wus oft' the neck, and the remainder in what is now Brooksville. tJames Crawford owned six thousand feet, John Perkins, five thousand feet, and Joseph Perkins, eight thousand feet. tNotgiveft. --- -v 24 Number or Value. 184 240 70 96 16 21 1 1 7 -6 f 31 37 1 * 3 4 12 t 30,560 t 182 HISTORY OP CASTINE, Vessels, tonnage of Plate (silver and p^okl) oz. off Improved land, acres of Hay, tons of - - - » Horses, - - - - Oxen, Cows and steers, Swine, - _ - . Money at Interest (in excess of amount due) [1801] 1,490 109 # 428 778 29o « 19 70 62 161 155 (>44 88 215 $3,150 18,700 had $600 in excess of his liabilities 200 ik H (i 600 t( It n " 1500 H k( (( 100 ii 4i a " 150 M- 4( ii The amount of money at interest, in 1801, was in the hands of the following named individuals : — John Collins, Georg'i Hal;')urton, Joseph Perkuitj, Stover Perkins, Joshua Woodman, Richard Hawes, $3,150 The amount at interest in 1810, was in possession of the following named : — Mark Hatch, Hezekiah Rowell, Joseph Perkins, John Perkins, Robert Perkins, Isaiah Skinner, Sylvanus Upham, Benjamin Willson, Josiah Willson, . - $13,700 ■• A perusal of the preceding pages will convince any one that the most rapid improvement in the condition of the inhabitants, occurred during the first forty years. The *Not given. tJohn Perkin8 ami Warren Hall owned eighteen ounces each, and Samuel A. Whitney twenty ounces. These three owned at that time one-fourth of all the plate in town. ad $500, in excess of liabilities. 1000 kt 2400 ■*^ 5000 M 4000 »( 200 M 100 '**r ■ 300 '■ ■«■ 200 (» BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 183 sessions of the Court at this place during that period, as a natural consequence, caused a large number of people to congregate here twice a year. Most of these came from motives of curiosity or pleasure, but many because their attendance at court was necessary. This temporary increase to the population of the town, had, of course, a very favorable effect upon the business interests of' the place. The occupation of the town, by the English, in 1814-15, liowever harrowing it may have been to the patriotic feel- ingrJ of the citizens, helped to fill their purses, and gave an impetus to business that was felt long after the departure of the enemy. In somewhat later times, the general interest in ship-building, which was felt throughout New England, was expei-ienced here. The fitting out of vessels for the cod and mackerel fisheries, upon the Grand IJanks, was also carried on here very extensively. Although Castine was, in times past, a peculiarly thriv- ing town, its commercial and business career has not been altogether uniform; and within the last twenty-five years, it has seen the greater portion of its business go to other places. The causes of its decline in prosperity have been several. The first shock it received was from the passage of the Embargo Laws in 1807-12. This was a serious infliction upon the business of the town, although it was partially made up; suliM-quently, by the advantages afforded by the British oiiupation. The next, and by far the most serious, injury occurred in I iinse(]uen(!e of the removal of the Courts to Ellsworth, iU I HUH. \\\\\n this blow, the town has never fairly recovered. Vhe decline in ship-building, and, still more recently, the repeal of the Act granting a bounty to fisher- men, were also severe injuries. The loss to navigation caused by the late civil war — which is said to have taken from town shipping to the value of one hundred thousand dollars — and the inability of our merchants — for lack of a near market — to compete successfully with the merchants of Capo Ann, engaged in the fishing business, in consequence of which the pun^uit of that business from this port has been entirely given up, have almost completed the commercial ruin of the place. 184 HISTORY OF CA8TINE, CHAPTER IX. WALKS AND DRIVES, ANCIENT BUILDINGS, FORTS, RELICS, ETC. Walks and Dbives. — Old French Fort. — Fort George. — Battery Fueikuse. — Battery Penoe- »coT. — Old Windmill. — East Point Battery. — Wescott's Battery. — Battery Gosselin. — Bat- tery Sherbrooke. — Battery Griffith. — Site of THE Block House. — Fort Madison. — Other Bat- teries. — Trask's Rock. — Old Cannon. — Old Man- sions. — "Castine Coins." — Copper Plate. — "Cot- toU'b Head." — Other Relics. There are, unrurtimately, but few roads in the town of C'astine. Starting from the Neck by the only road that leads from it, going down a long hill to the canal that severs it from the main land, and ascending the opposite hill, the tourist will come to the "crotch of the roads" where, in 1796 — eighty years ago — stood the little old-fash- ioned school-house of that period. Taking the right hand — or stage-road, he will pass along in full view of the Bag- aduce river, for a distance of two miles, when he will come to the crossing place of the Brooksville and Castine Ferry.* Continuing for about a mile farther — catching, as he pro- ceeds, occasional views of the same water where it is com- pressed by the hills into the "Narrows" — he will arrive at the North Castine Post Office. At this place the road to Penobscot leads off upon the right. Keeping directly on, the next mile of his course will take him away from all view of the water; but the road passing, as it does, through a more woody country, offers a temporary relief to the eye, which is not unwelcome. After passing through the grove, he will arrive at a hill, upon the descent of r/hich he will obtain a view of the Penobscot river, and will perceive, upon *Thts ferry is supported by the two towns jointly. The ferryman also hav- ing what tolls he may receive. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 185 the opposite side, the fine hotel and the light-house at Fort Point. He has now very nearly reached the boundary of the present town, and, turning to the left, he will follow the telegraph or shore road down the Penobscot river, un- til he again reaches the stage-road upon which ho started. In passing along the shore road he will be in constant view of the Penobscot river, and, in addition to the numerous vessels sailing up or down the river, he will be able to dis- cern in succession upon the opposite shore the towns of Prospect, Stockton, Searsport, and Belfast, and the beauti- ful island known as Brigadier's or Sears' Island. This route is known as the " ten mile square." If our tourist chooses, lie can, instead of returning, fol- low the road up the river over Hardscrabhle Mountain, to the town of Orland — or, by turning off at the North Cas- tine Post-'office, he can go to the head of Northern Bay in the town of Penobscot. This latter trip, while giving hira a view of the water 'nearly equal to either of the others, will take him over a rough and hilly road. While in Pe- nobscot, he can, however, visit without much trouble North- ern Bay pond — -about one mile north of the bay — or, by taking tlio road to Bluehill, can soe the Southern Bay and Pierce's pond — which latter, if in the proper season, he will find covered with the beautiful white pond lily (^Nym- phea odorata). From this point he can proceed to Blue- nill Mountain, which is nine hundred and fifty feet in height, and which has been visible all the way from Castine, or he can return through the town of Brooksville, and cross the ferr^ to North Castine. Visitors to Brooksville, however, generally go from Cas- tine by water. To those fond of yachting, this is by far the best way, as the river and harbor have the merit of being unusually safe for boats of all descriptions. Sudden squalls, such as are often fatally experienced near high mountains, are extremely rare here. The principal places of interest in this town, are the high hill (Tapley's) in the northern part of the town, about a mile from West Brooksville; — the high hill on Cape Rozier called Bakeman's Mountain ; Walker's pond, — a large pond in the eastern part of the town ; Buck's Harbor, the Granite Quarries, and Orcutt's Harbor, in the southern part. These are all places well worth the trouble of visiting by any one possessing a fond- ness for natural scenery. A village which contains not a single street from all parts i''-i 186 HISTORY OF CASTINE, of which a pleasant view of the harbor cannot easily be ob- tained, r(Miniros no mention of its particular walks or drives, when all are alike pleasant. The peninsula of Cas- tine has, however, so manypoints of historic interest, as well as of natural beauty, that it deserves a somewhat ex- tended and more special notice. Forts, Batteries, Etc. By far the most important point in the village, is the site of the renuiins of an old fort — commonly called Oas- tin'y Foi't, from having been occupied by liim. This fort was built by the French, us early, probably, as 1(326, and pos- sibly someyearrf earlier. It is generally supposed to havo been built. by Aulney; but the latter did not in all proba- bility build a fort, but occupied the one formerly in posses- sion uf the Plymouth Colony. Without doubt, it is one of the oldest forts in the country. Its ruins are to be dis- tinctly seen in the southern part of the village. At the time of its surrender to Grandfontaine — which was three; years after Castin's arrival here^the fort contained four bastions, each of which measured, from the salient angle to the verge of the terrace inside, sixteen feet. The terraces were about eight feet from the curtains. It contained a guard-house ten by fifteen paces in i xtent ; a house of the same dimensions, containing three rooms ; a chapel, occu- pying ground four by six paces ; a magazine ten by thirty- six paces : and another building of like dimensions with the magazine. Outside of the fort was a shed for housing cattle, and an orchard. Under a portion of the magazine was a small cellar, and in this cellar a well. [French Doc- imients — Part III.] To inclose the dimensions specified above, the fort must have contained, at least, fifteen thou- sand three hundred, square feet — calling a pace equivalent to two and one-half feet. As all the embankments to be seen in what is called Castin's fort, arc only about twenty- eight and a half by forty-three and a half paces in extent, (seven thousand seven hundred and seventy-six square feet) they could not possibly have comprised the whole fort. Indeed, the whole of the present lot which incloses them is not large enough to contain all the buildings — with the requisite space around them. The ruins now to be seen, constitute, therefore, but a small portion of the origi- nal fort. They are, in fact, the remains of the magazine BROOKS VILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 187 alone, and the ('nil)iinkments are the remains of its/"i/n>-, .^'^^V'^^ ^^ V. y. ^ 1.0 I.I 1^ 11..:^ 2.0 (tt L2| 111 11.6 6" "m % -# '^J>^*' '> > f "'JV? C"^ Photograpliic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. M58U (716) 872-4503 .^ Q^ %^^:^ ^^^ '^ i^aHBi^ 4? .^V> ^ t/i MB! 188 history op castine, Plan of Fort George, — 1814. Next in importance to the fort just described, is one sit- uated nearly north from it, upon the high land in the cen- ter of the peninsula. It was built by the British in June, 1779, and was named Fort George in honor of his Majesty George III. The fort is tetragonal in form, with a bastion at each of the four angles, corresponding very nearly with the four cardinal points of the compass. The curtains be- tween each bastion face, of course, northwest, northeast, southeast and southwest. The northeast and southwest curtains are each two hundred and thirty feet in length — within the area of the fort. The northwest and southeast curtains are two hundred and twenty-five feet in length. In the southeast curtain is the gateway, fifteen feet wide, facing the town. The moat or ditch is dug down to the ledge — the dirt thrown up to form the ramparts. On ac- count of this ledge, it was impossible, without the expendi- BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 189 m one sit- ;he cen- Juae, jMajesty bastion [ly with lins be- Irtheast, ithwest sngth — (Utheast length. it wide, to the On ae- Ixpendi- ture of much time and labor, to dig- the ditch deeper. In the west bastion was the well; in the south, the magazine. From the bottom of the ditch to the top of the ramparts, was twenty feet. The ramparts were six feet wide on the top, level, and guarded by fraising and palisades. The lat- ter were made with large cedar stakes but a few inches apart, one end inserted in the ramparts a few feet from the top, the other, sharply pointed, extended horizontally half way across the ditch — rendering an assault difficult and dangerous. The bastion containing the magazine, was fully occupied by it. The entrances to it were made of arched passages of brick and mortar, over which were lay- ers of logs — the whole covered with earth. A row of bar- racks was built parallel to the northAvest curtain. After the British left, in 1815, the American government took possession of and garrisoned it. The fort was repaired and strengthened, and new barracks were erected — the foundations of which are still visible. This was the fort in which Wads worth and Burton were confined, and from which they made their escape. It was in this fort that the gibbet was erected upon which Ball, and, subsequently, Elliot, were executed. The fort is now, — minus the build- ings and munitions of war, substantially the same as when the British garrison left it,--having suffered comparatively little injury, either from climatic causes, or from acts of vandalism. A fine view in all directions can be obtained from its ramparts, and it serves, accordingly, the place of an observatory to the citizens. At the distance of five hundred and ninety yards south by east from Fort George, and a little over one hundred yards northeast of the old French fort, is the site of Battery Furieuse — which was erected by the British, in 1779, to play against the battery held by the Americans, on Nautilus Island. This battery was the one mentioned in Calef s Journal, as the " half-moon battery, near Banks' house." Mr. Ilea's barn, on the corner of Court and Broadway Streets, is said to cpver the site. Battery Penobscot, erected by the British, in the same year as the last named, is seven hundred and twenty yards east by north from Fort George. It is near the soutli- west entrance to the cemetery, and not far from the site of the old windmilU which was built, according to tradi- tional accounts, by Captain Mark Hatch, about the time 25 190 HISTORY OF CASTINE, of the first settlement of the town. The miller's name was Higgins ; and, according to the old rhyme, he must have had a deal of trouble with it : — " On Hatch's hill There stanch- a mill ; Old Ilipgins he iloth tend it. Every time he grinds a grist He has to stop and mend it." This battery was rectangular in shape, considerably larger than the last mentioned, and its remains are plainly dis- cernible. It was called the Sea-men's Battery, by the English. At the extremity of Hatch's point, not far from the sand-bar, is another battery, which was erected by the English, as a defence against the battery erected by the Americans, on the opposite side of the Cove. It was called the East Point Battery. It was built in the shape of a square redoubt. The site of it is rather difficult to find. A little less than half-way between this battery and Fort George is another — a nameless battery. At the right of the road leading from the peninsula, a short dis- tance to the right of the bridge, is also another. Both of these last mentioned batteries were made by the British, in 1779. A little south of the last mentioned battery, in the alders, is a stone work called the " Dutch oven," the origin of which is popularly attributed to the Dutch, who captured the fort here, in 1076. It is, however, positively known to have been one of the baking places of the British, in 1779, and was, perhaps, thus named by them. On the main land, opposite Hatch's point, is another, called Wescott's Battery, built by the Americans, in 1770. On the left of the road leading off the peninsula, at the brow of the hill, about four hundred and sixty yards northeast by east from Fort George, is Battery Gosselin — named in honor of the English General commanding the garrison in 1815. One hundred and sixty-eight j^ards north of Fort George are the ruins of Battery Sherbrooke, a semi -circular battery, one hundred and fifty feet in extent, enclosing a redoubt about one hundred and fifty feet inside, which measures forty-six feet. This battery was named in honor of the general who had the supreme com- ji)a»(l of all the land forces of the English at this place, in BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 191 i name 3 must f larger nly dis- by the rom the by the I by the It was be shape ficult to bery and At the hort dis- Both of British, in the |he origin captured known ritish, in another, in 1TT9. la, at the ky yards losselin — [ding the Iht yards jrbrooke, In extent, ifty feet ttery was jme com- place, in 1814. The two last named are small batteries, but are in good preservation, and easily to be found. A little more westerly, and about six hundred and six- teen yards from Fort George, not far from the dwellings of Messrs. Sawyer and Bevan, is a large redoubt, named Battery Griffith, in honor of Rear Admiral Griffith, who commanded the English naval force here, in 1814-1;). The dimensions of this battery are forty-seven feet front, by ninety feet on the sides. It is in shape an irregular quadrilateral — like the accompanying figure. It enclosed barracks, the foundations of which measure, at present, sixteen by thirty feet. This battery commands the back Cove.* It is in a good state of preservation. Not far from the high bluff at the northern extremity of the peninsula, at the top of a steep hill, is the site of the Block House, erected in 1814. Only the foundation can be discerned. Northeast of the site of the Block House, at the very extremity of the bluff, are the remains of another small battery ; and nearly northwest from the same spot, and near the western extremity of the bluff, those of another, named the West Point Battery. These two batteries and the Block House were built by the British. The Block House was, doubtless, built as much for an observatory as for the protection it would afford. It was twenty feet square on the ground floor, the second story projected over the first, and " above this was an area pro- tected by continuing the sides of the building four feet higher, as a parapet." [Dr. Wm. Ballard, U. S. A. — Manuscript Sketch of Castine.] In the field at the lower end of Perkins Street, opposite the house of Mrs. Sylvester, is the largest battery of all. It was erected about 1811, by the Americans, in anticipa- •This Cove ought to be called W.id8Worth Bay, in honor of the gallant officer who crossed it, when he made liis escape from Fort George. y-*'. y 192 HISTORY or CASTINE, tiou of a war with England. It was called, in honor of the President of the United States, Fort Madison. It was first occupi( d hy a company of the 40th Infantiy. It was afterwards occupied by a small detachment of the British, in 1814-15, and it was probably from them that it received its designation of Fort Castine. This name has often caused it to be confounded with the old French fort, which is commonly called Castin's fort. This fort, for such it now is, Avas rebuilt during the late civil war, and garrisoned by a company of United States troops. It is a square fort, somewhat similar to Fort George, though con- sideraoly smaller. It contains a magazine, and, in the last war, mounted five guns — two 24-pounders en barbette, and three 32-pound embrasures. This fort is generally called, now, the United States Fort, but was, at one time, called Fort Porter. In the rear of tliis fort, the English erected, in 1779, a small battery, which was taken from them by the Americans, when they landed. It is behind the barn of Mrs. Sylvester's house, but cannot now be distin- guished. The above mentioned comprise all the forts and bat- teries known to have been built within the limits of the presen'} town of Castine. The British, in 1779, built a small square redoubt, upon the height of Nautilus Island, which is still visible. This battery was the one first cap- tured by the Americans. The latter erected one soon after, upon Hainey's plantation — what is now known as Henry's Point — in Brooksville. It has be^n partially destroved, by the crumbling of the bank. There was another small battery erected upon Cape Rozier, but the site of it is not known. [See map, on page 42, for loca- tion of these batteries.] About two-thirds of the way from the Light-house to the Block House Point, was the landing-place of the Americans, under General Lovell. A large white rock — the only white one, of any considerable size, upon the shore — marks the spot where the ascent was made. It was behind this rock that Trask, the young fifer, sat, while his comrades were engaged in the ascent. [See view on opposite page.] But few of the old guns or implements of warfare, used in former engagements, remain. The greater part of them have been taken away either by the State or National BROOKS VILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 1$^ authorities. At the foot of Main Street is a cannon, that formerly belonged to the old ship Ganova; and in front of Fort George is one of the 24-poiinders used here in 1814 ;• and there are also two similar ones near the United States Fort. There were — some thirty years ago — two or three mates to these. They are said to have been taken from town by a party of young men from Belfast, who came over here a night or two before the Fourth of July, and carried them off in a scow. They are supposed to be still in Belfast. Old Mansions. Nearly all of the old houses built here, about the time of the incoi'poration of the town, have, like their occupants, passed away. The oldest house in town is believed to be that of the late Doctor Bridgham, though its exact age is unknown. The red house, on Perkins Street, between Main and Pleasant Streets, is also quite an old house ; has probably stood more than ninety years. As it fronts to the south, there is supposed to have been, at the time it was built, a roadway there, running parallel to the present course of Pleasant Street ; but this i« undoubtedly an error, as the oldest inhabitants have no recollection of such a street. This house was formerly owned and occu- pied by Doctor Calef, and afterwards by Doctor Mann. The long house on Main Street, commonly known as tho " Mullett House," is also quite an old building, and was one of those occupied by the British, in 1812. The residence of Mr. Samuel K. Whiting, near the common, was also one of those occupied by the British. Until within a year or two, there was a pane of glass in one of the windows of this house, which had upon it, scratched with a diamond, by Lieutenant Elliott, of the British force, a representa- tion of the British flag, with the " stars and stripes " underneath, upside down, and the words, " Yankee doodle upset." The pane has been broken, but the design has been preserved. The Unitarian meeting-house is the oldest church builaing in this vicinity. It was built in 1790. The interior has been remodeled, however, and the old galleries removed. The large house on Perkins Street, near the corner of Pleasant, called the " Cobb " House ; the " Ellis " House, on Water Street, nearly opposite the upper ship-yard ; and the " Hooke" house, 194 HISTORY OP CASTINE, on the same street, are all old buildings, and betoken by their size and shape, and the terraced grounds in front of them, the prosperity of their former owners. Relics. Among the most interesting relics of the town are the somewhat celebrated " Castine Coins."* A lengthy account of the discovery of these coins, and of the coins themselves, has been given by Mr. Joseph Williamson, in the sixth volume of the Maine Historical Collections. The following account is, however, mainly that of Doctor Joseph L. Stevens, who visited the spot at the time and obtained the facts from the party who found them. It is so interesting that we do not hesitate to insert it entire : " Late in November, 1840, a respectable farmer. Captain Stephen Grindle, of Penobscot, and his son, Samuel P. Grindle, now of this town, while hauling wood from the side of a rocky hill to the shore, distant about twenty rods, found a silver coin. It was a French crown. The path is impassable by wheels, requiring the wood to be ' snaked out' — as the rustic term is. This, of course, made a fur- row, in which the coin was found, new and bright as though recently issued from the mint— although two hun- dred years old. This led to further search, and about twenty more were found. Night coming on, with severe cold, fol- lowed by snow, prevented any further discovery until the next spring. On searching then, another crown was found on top of a large rock, covered with moss, and by the side of this rock the bulk of the money was found. In April, 1841, the writer, in compan}'- with some friends, visited the spot. It had been quite thoroughly dug over, but several French half-crowns were found by our pa^ty, without much searching, several feet from the rock, which on its lower side, shelved downwards towards the path. On going to the house, we examined all that had not been disposed of, and each of us purchased a number of them. The writer selected, as nearly as he could, a specimen of each, nine- teen in number. There must have been in all nearly, if not quite, two thousand pieces, but a large proportion of them were only small fractions of crowns and dollars. The French money largely predominated ; next, the old ♦These coins are now in possession of Doctor Joseph L. Stevens, but we are ghid to leiiru that it is his intention to present them, eventually, to the Maine Historical Society. RROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. I9r> nine- irly, if ion of ollars. old Spanish " cob " dollars*. These last were in-cgular in shape, and mnch worn, yet of full weight, as compared with present standards. The dates on these were mostly illegible, but the pillavs, emblems of Spanish sovereignty, were quite evident. There were quite a number of Bel- gic and Portuguese coins. The most interesting of all were the Massachusetts pine-tree shillings and six})ences, all of date 1(152, and in number about twenty- five or thirty. I saw but two English coins, shillings — worn nearly smooth. One, now in my possession, is of the reign of Carolus I. or II., and the other, owned by a lady in town, is of the reign of Jacobus I. As the latter monarch died in 1G25, it must have been coined prior to that date, and is, probably, the oldest of the whole collec- tion. My theory was, at the time, that they were h^ft accidentally by the Baron de St. Castin, when driven from here by the English, under Colonel Church, very near to the close of the seventeenth century. They probably followed the conrse of the river up to its head and source in Walker's pond. From the south side of this pond the carrying place is only half a mile to the waters of the ocean in Eggemoggin Reach. P'rorn thence to the French settlements in Acadia, there could be no difficulty."! In connection with the above, it may be stated that a ffold coin was found in 1863, on the beach below the French fort. It was a " demi Louis d'or " of date 1642. The inscription on one side was, — " LVD. XIII D.G. FR.ET NAV. REX," and on the other, " REGN. VINC. IMP. CHRS." It was in good preservation, and but little worn. Its value, in gold, is two dollars seven- teen cents and five mills. There cannot be much doubt but that this coin was lost there by some one of the Castin family, or by some French settler, in the time of the resi- dence here of Monsieur d'Aulney. In the year 1868, a piece of sheet-copper, ten inches long by eight wide, was found in the ground near the United States Fort, by Mr. William H. Weeks. He, not ♦These dollars were also oulletl " cross-moin-y" from the cross on them. In Mexico, tliey were called "windmill and cross-money." They do not seem to have been riiade by a machine, but seem like lumps of bullion flattened and impressed by means of a hammer. They were originally made for dollars and arc what old writers called "pieces of eiglit." [Castine Coins, Vol. Yl, Me. Hist. Col.] tCastin left here in 1701. Church did not visit the place until 1704. This money was, possibly, left there by some of the Castin family, when they departed for Canada, some time during the hitter year, or it might have been lell there by the Baron Castin, when he took to the woods, at the time of the visit of Governor Andros, in lti88. / 190 HISTORY OP CASTINE, noticing anything peculiar about it, cut off a piece to mend his boat with. This fragment was recovered, how- ever, and has been fastened to the plate. The letters upon the pLite, as shown by the illustration on rhe oppo- site page, are evidently abbreviations of the following '.nscription : 1648, 8 Junii, Frater Leo Parisiensis, in Capucinorum Missione, posui hoc fundamentum in honorem nostra) Dama) Sanctse Spei. Of which this is the translation: — " 1648, Jan. 8. I, Friar Leo, of Paris, Capuchin Missionary, laid this foundation in honor of our Lady of Holy Hope." This translation was first made by Mr. George H. Witherle, and his reading of it has since been confirmed by antiquarian scholars. In regard to this Friar Leo, nothing has ever been discovered. [Remarks on Inscription &c., in Proceedings of Am. Ant. Soc, April, 1864.] This plate was evidently placed in the foundation of some Catholic chapel, and, probably, of the one erected in Aulney's time, in the old French fort. How the plate came to be where it was found, will always remain a mystery. In all probability it was carried there by some one ignorant of its value. There is no great reason for believing that there were two chapels here at nearly the same time, and the only chapel we have any doc- umentary evidence of, was in the fort which tradition places some distance away from where the plate was found. We have shown elsewhere the grounds for believing that the so-called French fort is really a portion of that fort. This plate is now in the possession of Mr. George H. Witherle. Amongst the "ancient relics " of the town, some men- tion must be made of a unique piece of home-made statuary, called " Cotton's Head." It is not the head of an individual of that name, but was sculptured by Mr. Isaac Cotton, fie was a stone-mason by trade, and was engaged by the town authorities, somewhere about the year 1820, to furnish a stone post for the corner of Main and Water Streets. He chiselled out a round stone, and surmounted it with the before mentioned idolatrous look- ing head. It stood on the corner for many years, but the post being at length broken, the head was cut off, and affixed to a square stone, which was set up in the same place. Having, after a while, got broken off again, it came into the possession of Messrs. Witherle & Co., and is now on exhibition at their store. BROOKSVILLE AND PKNOFtSCOT. 107 In addition to the foref^oin^ relics, there are in posses- sion of many citizens, cannon-halls, implements of Indian warfwe and manufacture, and specimens of fossilized shells. Thorough search would, douhtless, even now, lu'ing to light many more articles, and very likely (|uite different from anything hitherto found. 26 198 HISTORY OF OASTINK, CHAPTER X. Bior.RArnicAL Sket(;iiks of thk Eauly Settlers, Pro- FES8IONAL MEN, EDITORS, ETC., AND OF MeX PROMI- NENT IN Nation, State, or Town. A coir.])lete genealogical tahle of the former itihabitanls, even of the town of Cai-tine, would involve the unremit- ting labor of several years; would necessarily, under any circumstances, be more or less imperfect and incomplete; and would, morever, be of no great interest to the majority of our readers. On the other hand, no history of si town is complete, that does not give some special account of its founders and note-worthy citizens. In this chapter, an attempt is made to observe a just mean, and to give such sketches — longer or shorter, ac- cording to the information afforded — as is desirable and practicable, of those citizens who resided here during the war of the Revolution, and of the individuals subsequent- ly prominent in the theological, legal, and medical profes- sions, or who were distinguished in literary, mercantile, or political circles. If the names of any prominent citi- zens of former times do not appear in this chapter, it is because the parties wdio might have furnished the required information, have failed to do so, or in a few instances, because no trace of the descendants of such persons could be found. Early Settlers. At the time of the English occupation in 1779, Messrs. Aaron Banks, John Jacob Dyce, Mark Hatch, John Per- kins, and Joseph Perkins, lived upon the peninsula of Castine ; Mr. William Wescott resided on the mainland, just north of the present village. Mr. Archibald Hainey occupied the point of land opposite the village — in Brooks- ville — where the Misses Henrv now reside ; and Mr. John Bakeman lived upon Cape Rozier. nROOKSVlLLK AND PENOBSCOT. Bakema:;, John. 1119 Mr. .Toliu Biikeman was horn in Holland, in 1731. 1I(^ married Christiana Smart, who wiw horn in 1744, and who died iu Hrooksvillo, Au^'ust 4, 181H — a^cd soventy-four years. Mr. Bakcniiin died, in the part of (^istine whiidi W. now Bnioksvillc, on October 2S^, 1800 — aged si.\ty-ninc years. The subjeet of this sketch was u eousin to Martin Van Buren. He had two brothers. One of them settled in New York, and spelled his name Batenum. The other, a clergyman, named (Jarret, eame to Penobscot, but re- mained here only a short time. He returmid to Holland, and was never after heard from. Mr. Bakeiiiiin came to this place at the same time as his brother (> arret, j)nr- chjised a tract of land on Cape Rozier, erected some mills, and engaged in ship-building. Mr. Bakeman's wife was a Tory, and it is a family tradition that, trusting in her sym- pathy for the English Ciiuse, General McLean, at the com- mencement of the siege, intrusted to her care a largo ([uantity of gold, which vas honorably returned to him after the siege was raised, notwithstar. ling that Mr. Hakeman espoused the cause of the Federalisty, and that ids house was used as a hospital for the wounded Americans. After the contest had ceased, some English soldiers were sent over to seize Mr. Bakenian, but he, having timely warn- ing, had escaped in a boat. A few uays later, the English seized his stock of cattle, about twenty in number, and over one hundred sheep. One of his daughters, at that time a little girl of some seven or eight years of age, often declared that she distinctly remembered hearing the soldiers say, while dressing the animals, " Won't we live fat now, all the way to Halifax I " Mr. Bakeman went to Bath, Maine, where his family soon joined him. He engaged in making salt from sea- water, at a plavo near Bath, called New Meadows. When peace was declared, he returned to Castine, but did not find even the foundation of his house remaining. The English had taken it down, and removed it to Castine village, and it was there rebuilt and occupied by Doctor Calef. Mr. Bakeman was a Justice of the Peace, and was much respected for his sound judgment, and the judicious- ness of the advice he gave in all matters relating either to i), aged 8U years T) months and 21 days. Cunningham. Dyok. PiiiLi.ri'.s. Messrs. Cunningham and family, Dyee and family, and Nathan Phillii)S, are rcjferred to in the Orderly Hook of Sergciint Lawrence, as being residents of this place, and as noted for their Tory proclivities. Mr. John Jacob Dyee had a house situated somewhere luiar the old French fort, and owned the whoh; lovv(!r j)f)rtion of i\\v, peninsula, whiidi is named from him, " Dice's Head." His wife's mime was Ockabena. Nothing further is known to the author con- cerning any of these persons, but it is not unlikely that they were driven away by the Notification of 1784. HaINEY, AllCHIBALD. Frequent allusion is made in the accounts of the siege of the town, to a family of the name of Hainey, but notlnng is known about them exet!{)t that Mrn. Hainey is s{)()ken of as Ixiing a Tory. No reterence to any such family is to b(? found in the town records of J'enobscot or Castine. There was a man of that name, however, and probably a descend- ant of this family, living on Cape llozier, some yc^ars ago ; and William and Edward Haney, of Penobscot, and Charles Haney of Belfast, are also descendants. Hatch, Mark. Mr. Mark Hatch, was born August 14, 1740, in the town of Scituate, Plymouth County, Massachusetts. His wife's name was Abigail. She was born in Marshlield, Massa- 202 HISTORY OF CALTINE, chusetts, May 20, 1746, and died in this town on November 30, 1831. Mr. Hatch was one of the four original settlers here prior to the Revolutionary w^ar. He owned the north- eastern portion of the peninsula. He removed his family sometime after the British took possesssion of the place, at the time of the Revolution, but returned here about 1785. He is said to have been the builder of the windmill which formerly stood near the west entrance of the cemetery. He had four sons. Mark Hatch, Jr., was born at this place, November 6, 1771, it being then a part of Lincoln County; Jonathan, was born August 28, 1774 ; John, was born October 19th, 1777 ; and James, October 21, 1779. He had also three daughters ; Abigail, born March 9, 1788, died December 27, 1796 ; Eggathy Phillips, born April 19, 1785 ; and Lucy, born March 20, 1787. Mr. Hatch, the father, died in this town, November 30, 1831. HuTOHiNGs, Charles. Mr. Charles Hutchings ivas born in York, Maine, Octo- ber 10, 1742. His mother dying during his infancy, he was brought up by his elder sister, until he was seventeen years old, when he enlisted in the army raised for the reduction of Louisburg, Cape Breton. He was with Lord Loudon, at Halifax. After the failure of this expedition, he sailed for Boston, and was wrecked on the Londoner^ off Cape Ann. He was afterv/ard at Albany, New York, where he was noted for his diminutive size, and great strength. He was honorably discharged at the close of the war, and returned to York, where he soon after married Miss Mary Perkins. He moved to Penobscot, in 1768, and took up the farm now owned and occupied by his son, Eben Hutchings, who is now in his eighty-sixth year. During the siege of Bagaduce, in 1779, he, Ayith Daniel, Isaac and Jacob Perkins, lay in ambush on Hainey's Point, and fired into the English guard-boat as it passed. They were informed against by a Tory, and Mr. Hutchings was obligf'd to take his family, consisting of his wife and eight chi iren, and flee for his life. He took a canoe, crossed e Penobscot river to Fort Pownal, and walked through the wilderness to Damariscotta, where he resided until the peace of 1783. In this journey through the woods, two of the children were so small that he and his wife were obliged to carry them all the way in their arms. great ose of arricd 8, and Ebeu )aniel, '^oint, They chings fe and canoe, valked esided h the id his ' arms. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 20-'? They lodged on the bare ground. Their only cooking- utensil was a camp kettle, holding about two gallons. Their only means of obtaining food, was afforded by his gun. The daughter Mary, is said to have been the first white female child, born of English parents, Avithin the present limits of the town of Penobscot. Mr. Hutchings died in Penobscot, in June, 183o, aged 92 years and 8 months. Hutchings, William. Mr. William Hutchings was born at York, Maine, October 6, 1764. He died at Penobscot, May 2, 186G, aged one hundred and one years six months and twenty- six days. His father, Charles Hutchings, moved to Plan- 204 HISTORY OF CASTINE, tation Numbei' Three, — now the town of Penobscot — when he was four years old. He was an eye-witness of nearly all the transactions connected with the siege of Majabagaduce, in 1779 ; and when the British were build- ing Fort George, he assisted in carrying the first log that was used in the southeast bastion. After the destruction of the American fleet, his father refusing to take an oath of allegiance to the British Sovereign, iiis family were obliged to flee to a place of safety. He went to Newcastle, Maine, where he remained until the close of the war, when he returned to Penobscot, and settled down upon the same farm that his father had formerly occupied. While at Newcastle, he voluntarily enlisted, though only fifteen years of age, into the service of the United States. His declaration, made for the purpose of obtaining a pension as a soldier of the Revolution, is on file in the Pension Office at Washington. According to this statement, he enlisted in a Massachusetts regiment, commanded by Colonel Samuel McCobb, and was in Captain Benjamin Lemont's Company. He was mustered in at Newcastle, in 1780 or '81, for six months service. He joined his regiment at a place known then as Cox's Head, upon the Kennebec river. He was stationed there during the entire' period of his service, and was discharged at that place. He received a pension of twenty-one dollars and yixty-six cents per annum ; which was afterwards, in 1865, increased to three hundred dollars — there being at that time but four Revolutionary soldiers surviving. His chief occupation in life was farming and lumbering, though he engaged somewhat in the coasting business. He was a member of the Methodist church, for many years. In the latter part of his life, he was a " total iibstinence " man. He had one son, Eliakim, who served in the war of 1812. He had also a grandson, and several great grandsons, who served in Maine regiments, in the late civil war. At the commencement of our civil conflict, Mr. Hutch- ings took a decided stand in favor of maintaining, at all hazard, the supremacy of the union. It was his earnest wish that he might be spared to see the complete restora- tion of the country, and that wish was granted. In 1865, when over one hundred years old, he accepted an invitation from the municipal authorities of Bangor, to join in the celebration of the Fourth of July, in that city. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 205 A revenue cutter was detailed for his conveyance, and as he passed up the Penobscot river, the guns of Fort Knox ifired a salute of welcome. The ovation, which was bestowed on the occasion, exceeded that ever before given to any person in the State. Multitudes rushed to catch a glimpse of the old man, and the sincere and grateful plaudits which constantly greeted him, as, surrounded by a guard of honor, he was escorted through the streets, constitute<,l the marked feature of the day. His strength and power of enduriince, under the excitement, were remarkable. At the close of the oration, which was delivered by Senator Hamlii « he responded at some length to a toast. * My friends told me,' he said, ' that the effort to be here might cause my death ; but I thought I could never die any better than by celebrating the glorious Fourth.' " His funeral occurred Monday, May 7, 180(5. Reverend Mr. Plummer preached the funeral sermon, from the text which had been selected by Mr. Hutchings himself: — Mathew xxii. 40 ; " On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets." An address was afterwards inado by Reverend Mr. Ives, of Castine. " One of the last requests of Mr. Hutchings was, that the American flag should cover his remains, and be unfurled at his, burial. This was done ; and in tha still- ness of a bright Spring afternoon, in the midst of an assembled multitude, upon the farm which for nearly a century had been his home, all that was mortal of the old hero was removed from earthly sight, while the stars and .stripes he had so long honored, floated above his grave."* McCULLOM, FINLF.Y. In regard to Mr. Finley McCullom, nothing is known, except that he is referred to in Calefs Journal, as one of the few individuals who were allowed access to the F(n-t at all times, without a pass ; and that he is mentioned in Peters' field-book of the survey of Penobscot, as having settled on lot Number Eighty-Seven, prior to the year 1787. Duncan McCullom — or Malcomb, as Peters spells it — settled on lot Number Eighty-Eight. These lots were at the head of Northern Bay. ♦He was the last New Euglnnil pensioner, and the last but one upon the rolls. 27 ii;:« 20g histoky of castine, Perkins, Daniel. Mr. Daniel Perkins was a native of York, Maine, where he was born in 1754. He married Abigail Penney, who was of Welsh parentage, and \ery shortly after, came to Penobscot, to engage in farming, having previously spent one or two winters here, in lumbering. In the war of the Revolution, his sympathies for the Americans were so well known that, as he declined to take the oath of allegiance to the English Crown, he was for a time imprisoned, and then banished to the " Enemy's Country." His cattle and crops were confiscated, and his house was taken down and removed to the " Neck," for barracks. At the close of the war, returning with his famil}' from York — where they had spent that period — he again, himself, took down his house, moved it across the waters of the Bagaduce, and rebuilt it upon his farm, where he spent the remainder of his life. He died in 1831, at the age of seventy-seven years. Perkins, John. Captain John Perkins was born in York, Maine, May 21, 1745 ; and Avas married May 21, 1765, to Miss Phebe Perkins, of the same town. He died April 2, 1817, ",g ney, July 28, 1801 ; died September 15th, 1849. Temperance, — born June 2, 1779 ; married Daniel Johns^ ton, Jan. 6, 1805 ; date of death unknown. Robert, — born November 5, 1781 ; married Miriam C. Plummer, November 30, 1808 ; died March 26, 1854. Lucy, — born February 16, 1785 ; married Henry Whiting, March 27, 1808 ; date of death unknown. BUOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 207 Polly, — born November 15, 1787 ; married Frederic Spof- ford, April 0, 1811 ; date of death unknown. Captain Perkins was a very prominent man in the town, during its early municipal period, and was one of the Avealthiest of the old citizens. The frequent allusions made to him in the foregoin*^ pages, show the estimation in which he was held, in all things pertaining to public or husiness matters ; and the testimony of his numerous descendants is an evidence that he was held in equal esteem in his domestic life. Perkins, Joskpit. ^Ir. Joseph Perkins was born October 10, 1746, in York, Maine. He married Phebe .Ware. She was born in York, December IG, 1748, and died in this town, August 20, 1815. They had ten children.* Mr. Perkins was one of tiie wealthy men of the town at that period, and was more engaged in commerce and navi- gation than any other individual. He owned at one time eight thousand feet of wharf property. He was a very prominent man, and his name appears in the early town records more frequently, perhaps, than that of any other citizen. He was chairman of the first board of Select- men, chosen by the town of Penobscot. He died in this town, August 28, 1818, aged seventy-one years ten months and one day. Wescott, William. The genealogy of the Wescott family is quite complete, although but little is known of the life of the subject of this sketch. His father, also named William, was a resi- dent of York, Maine, where the son was born, March 10, 1734. He came here several years before the Revolution- ary War, and was one of those who returned here just prior to the incorporation of Penobscot. He was mar- ried, December 29th, 1756, to Elizabeth Perkins. His wife was born January 6, 1737, but where, the record does not state. They had twelve children, viz: — John, — born June 4. 1757 ; was lost at sea in 1781. Deborah,— born April 28, 1758 ; died in April, 1783. Elizabeth, — born February 6, 1760 ; died in 1761. William, — born October 8, 1764; died on April 7, 1785. *The list of their names is given in Part III. 208 HISTORY OP CASTING, Experience, — ^l)om April 28, 176G ; date of death unknown. Theodosia, — born June 12, 17G7 ; ; date of death unknown. Nancy, — bom May 15, 1771 ; date of death unknown. Thomas,— born ^iarch 18, 1773; died August 18, 1795. David, — born June 15, 1775 ; date of death unknown. Anne, — born October 17, 1777; date of death unknown. Joseph,— born May 20, 1779 ; died July 30, 1830. The hitit named married, December 10, 1801, Miss Lucy Stover. She was born August 23, 1779; and died April 5, 1862. They had eleven children, viz — Joseph, — born October 31, 1802. AVilliam S.,— born September 2,1804; died June 18, 1866. George, ) born June 13, 1809 ; died December 3, 1827. Lucy, ) " " " " date of deatli unknown. Isaiah, — born December 27, 1813 ; date of death unknown. Eliza, — date of birth and death both unknown. Josiah, — born March 11, 1816. Theodosia, — born August 27, 1817. Sarah M., bom March 27, 1819. Two infants, (unnamed) date of birth and death unknown. Joseph Wescott — the second — married Sarah Dyer, August 2, 1829. She was born February 17, 1808; and died June 28, 1870. They had seven children. Elisha D. died October 21, 1855 ; and Helen M. died November 3, 1865. The others are still living, as is also their father, at an advanced age, but much respected. The date of Mr. William Wescott's death is not known. The name of this family was formerly written Wescutt. Wasson, Samuel. Samuel Wasson was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, June 12, 1760. He died in Brooksville, October 16, 1838. Mr. Wasson enlisted in the American army, on the breaking out of the Revolution. He was at the siege of Boston, in 1776 ; and was under the immediate command of Washington, when he entered the city upon its evacua- tion by General Howe. He was in the service during the remainder of the war, when he received an honorable dis- charge. About the year 1783, he came to Bagaduce, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. He took, as was natural, a great interest in military affairs, and his marked ability as a drill officer, caused his election as Captain BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 20» nown. nown. n. 795. n. mown. 9 Lucy . April of the Militia. Mr. Wasson married Elizabeth Parker, daughter of Judge Oliver Parker, by whom he had three sons and three daughters. Two of the former are still liv- ing. David Wasson, Esq., — now in his eighty-first year — has been a proininent merchant of Brooksville, and has done as much, at least, as any other person, to promote the material advancement of that town. Honorable Sam- uel Wasson, of Surry, Maine, is well k^own in political, but more especially in agricultural circles — having been for some years a member of the State Board of Agriculture. 5, 18GG. 827. \vn. iknown. iknown. h Dyer, ^08; and ;ii8ha D. mber 3, ather, at of :Mi-. >e of this shusetts, L6, 1838. on the siege of lommand evacua- [jring the Me dis- ,uce, and :, as was marked Captain Clergymen. Little, George Barker. Mr. Little was born in Castine, December 21, 1821. He was the youngest of the ten children of Otis and Dorothy P. Little. September 18, 1850, he married Sarah Edwards, daughter of the late Reverend Elias Cornelius. His death occurred at West Newton, Mass., July 20, 1860. Mr. Little's early instruction was received in the schools of his native town. He afterwards attended the Academy at Leicester, Massachusetts. He was graduated at Bow- doin College, in 1843. He entered the Theological Insti- tution at Andover, Massaclmsetts, in 1846, and left it in 1849. On October 11, 1849, he was ordained pastor of the First Congregational Church in Bangor, Maine. He remained over this church nearly eight years, but was at last obliged to resign, on account of poor health. He was settled at West Newton, November 12, 1857, and remained there until his death. " His mind was characterized by keen perception, pene- tration, and discrimination. His attainments in scholar- ship were remarkable. As a preacher, he was thoughtful, perspicuous, definite, and bold. People knew what he meant, and knew that he was in earnest. All who knew him, recognized warm and generous impulses, remarkably combined with clearness of thought, definiteness, prompt- ness, decision, and steadfastness of purpose. His domes- tic virtues made him lovely and happy at home. Wit, intelligence, vivacity, and sympathy made him genial iu social intercourse. His Christian faith and love will be manifest to all who read his memorial." 210 HISTORY OF CASTINE, 1 Mason, 'WiLLiA>r. " . Reverend William Mason was the eldest son of Thomas and Mary Mason, and was horn at Princeton, Massachu- setts, November 19, IH'A. Ilis early life was very similar to that of other young men of that day, wlio were not born to alTlucnce. He was brought up to hard work on a farm, and had to struggle hard for an education. He entered Harvard College in 1788, and was graduated in 1792. Where, and with whom, he studied for the ministry, is not known ; but he was licensed to preach V)y the Cambridge Association. He removed to Castine in 1798, to assume the duties of pastor of the First Parish. On October o, 1799, he was married to Miss Abigail Watson, of Leicester, Massachusetts. While a resident of this town, he was annually elected Treasurer of the town, for a period of twenty-six years, and was, for nearly the same length of time, a prominent member of the School Committee. He was much interested in everything relating to education, and Avas the originator of the Castine Social Library Asso- ciation. He resigned his charge over the First Parish, and removed with his family to Bangor, sometime in the year 1834. His departure from town was regretted by all — some, even of his most zealous theological opponents being warm personal friends and admirers. His death occur; sd at Bangor, March 24, 1847. His excellent wife died at the same place, March 24, 1865. They had six sons and four daughters, — two of whom, John and William, became eminent in the Medical profession. Doctor John Mason practised in Bangor, where he died in 1870. Doctor Wil- liam Mason is still alive, and in full practice of his profes- sion in Charlestown, Massachusetts. We quote the fol- lowing, from a friend and descendant of Mr. Mason, whose name we are under obligations to withhold: " Eminently genial and social in his feelings, he was ever generous and hospitable to strangers and friends — as far as his limited means would permit. His love for his people was evinced by his frequent parochial calls to all classes- the poor and distressed, as well as those who had an abund- ance — and by his readiness at all times to aid by word and deed, in everything that had for its object the promo- tion of their welfare. He took a lively Interest in the mental improvement of the young, and devoted much of m BKOOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. lill his time to the vnrious erlucatioriiil interests of the town. Ho was stronj^ly attiiohed to the friends of his youngfT days, and particularly to those who were associated with him during his college life — for whom he retained an anhMit affection during his life. In all the relations of life, his aim was to do good ; and it was his endeavor to perform, to the extent of his ability, the various duties devolving npon him, faithfully and conscientiously. In his theological views, he harmoi.ized with those who were denominated Arians — afterwards called Unitarians. He believed in one supreme God, and not in a Trinity ; in the pre-existence and divinity, luit not in the deity, of Christ — believing that he held a subordinate rank to the supreme God ; in what he considered the Scriptural, but not in the Calvinistic, doctrine of the Atonement ; and in future rtitribution — though he believed that dedtiny was in accordance with character.'" and year ■some, warm d at t the four came ason Wil- ofes- } fol- yhose s ever far as 3eople asses- bund- word iromo- In the ich of Powers, Jonathan. The first settled minister in Penobscot, was Reverend Jonathan Powers. He was born in March, 1762. His father was a minister in Deer Isle ; but whether the son was born there, is not known. He Avas a graduate of Dartmouth College, and was a class-mate of " Father Sawyer" (who lived to be over one hundred years old). He is said to have been a very devoted Christian, even during his college life. He settled in Penobscot, in the year 1795, and remained there until his death. His salary Avas paid by the town; and his daughter remembers that Major Leach once came to pay him, bringing the money in a Htuckinfj. Mr. Powers took the occasion to reprove him for some irregularities in his life. Mr. Leach replied : " I do not think you ought to talk so to me, when I come to bring you money,"' Mr. Powers married a Miss Thurston, — sister of a lawyer of that name, in Boston. Mrs. PoAvers, in a letter to her brother, on one occasion, mentioned the fact that they Avere almost out of corn meal, but said, in a spirit of Christian hopefulness, that she had no doubt moi'e Avould come, Avhen that Avas gone. Mr. Powers had a vacation of two months every year, in which he Avas employed by the Massachusetts Missionary Society. This contributed considerably to his support. He went to Boston in 1807, 212 HISTOKY OP 0A8TINK, to attend the meetings of this society. He spent the hist night away from home at the hoiise of Es(jiiir(' Thurston, in Sedgwick, where he stopped upon liis return. He must have suffered from exposure on his way back from Boston, as he was taken ill with Pneumonia immediately after his return, and died, in consequence, November H, 1807. Doctor Moulton, of Hucksport, was his attending physician. He asked him, just before he died, if he was comfortable in his mind." Mr. Power's reply was : " I have great peace. I will praise him in life and death, and through eternity." Reverend Mr. Fisher, of Bluehill, preached his funeral sermon, from the text : " I have fought the gootl fight." His remains were inteired in the burying-place at North Castine. It is situated in the; enclosure back of Mr. Geo/ge H. Emerson's house. Ilia grave-stone is still legible. Lav/yeks. Abbott, "VVillia.v. William Abbott, Esq., was born at Wilton, Hillsboro' County, New Hampshire, November 15, 177:3. The father, Mr. William Abbott, was a native of Andover, Massachu- setts. He was a descendant of George Abbott, who emi- grated from Yorkshire, England, in 1044, and who was one of the first settlers of Andover. The subject of this sketch, passed his early years on a farm. He was prepared for College in 1790, in a town school kept by Jonathan Fisher, afterwaids a minister at 'Bluehill. In 1793, he entered Harvard College. He was graduated in 1797, at which time he delivered a poem on "■ Music." After graduation, he studied law with William Gordon, of Amherst, New Hampshire, and was admitted to the bar in 1800. He came to Castine in 1801. In 1802, he married Rebecca Atherton. In 1808, he was appointed Register of Probate, which office he held eighteen years. In 1816, he was chosen one of the Electors for President. In this year he was also elected a member of the Brunswick Convention ; and in 1819, of the Convention at Portland. At the latter Convention, he was appointed upon a committee to determine the name of the new State. He was the first Representative from this town to the Legislature of Maine, and also represented the town in the years 1823, 1826, and 1827. In 1829, he removed to BROOKS VILLE AND PENOnSCOT. 218 :> liiHt raton, He from lately bor H, Hi was s: " I h, and ueliill, : havti in tlur in tlui Banfijor, where he was for a Iniirr time a member of the Board of Selectmen. The thartiT of the city of HaiiiLjor, was drafted by him. He wan chairman of the Siiperinlcndini; Scdiool Committee, of that j)lae(% for twidve years. Hi; was eleeted Mayor of the eity in 1848. and l8r)0. His death oetMirred in Anfjnst of the latter year. He had live soiih and two dau^ifhters. Of the sons, C^liarles Jeffrey is still a resident of this town, in whicth, like his father, he has i)ractict'd law with ability and success for many years; has taken a warm interest in educational matters, and in everythini^ pertain- ing to the interests of the town ; and has filled, acceptably, many oftices of honor and importance, both in State and town. He was graduated at Howdoiu Collet^e, in 1825, in the class with S. P. Benson, Jonathan Cilley, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Henry W. Longfellow.*. In regard to the legal abilities of the father, we cannot do better than to quote the following, from the pen of Honorable William Willis: " His intellect was clear, strong, and discriminating, rather than brilliant, imaginative, and original. It was well balanced and logical ; its pre-eminent characteristic was practical common sense. He possessed a great inll uence with juries, whose reason and sense of moral right he addressed, rather than their feelings or their j)rejudices. He was regarded by his legal brethren and compeers as a sound lawyer, thoroughly versed in his profession, learned, astute, and able, and was greatly respected by them." In politics, he was, early in life, a Federalist, but he became afterwards a member of the Whig party. In his religious views, he was a firm and decided Unitarian, of the Chan- ning school. While a resident in this town, he joined Reverend Mr. Mason's church, and after his removal to Bangor, he nnited with the Unitarian church in that city. His funeral sermon was preached by Reverend Doctor Hedge, who thus sums up his character : — " It is no small praise to say of any man, what in strict truth can be said of him, that he was blameless, and led from the first com- mencement of his active existence until its close, a blame- less life. To be possessed of some one distinguished virtue is less infrequent than to be without reproach. He was one to w^hom no scandal or breath of suspicion could ever attach, whose pure fame no obloquy ever dared to assail, whom to know was to respect, whom to name was to praise." The estimation in which he was held in Bangor, 28 214 IIIMl'oltv oir (tAHTINIC, JH hIkivvii by llio itii|>(it'tiMil. nlDrrH lin jIIIimI wliilc llirrn, iiml by liirt tiiiinr Immii)^ ^ivcn U> (Mii' nl' llir |)niM'i|)iil piihlic H(pllll'lIIk : iind I'liinc lo lliiM (own in Mir ynir \"\)i\. Ho iiimricd Minn Mmyiiicl l"'iirw(>ll. llr vviih llir ItrpicMiMi- liilivr oi' lliin l(t\vii in llm ( Ji'ImthI Cniul. id' Miih'hii.cIiiihcI.Im, lor (III" viMii- IHOI. lit' v,:!H iippoinli-d upon llin ('oiiiiiiillro ol' I'lililic SiilVly, and iilso upon Hcvcrul (liHHii lislii I'd, and rt'liii'iM'd lo lliiw town. no rlly iiricr liirt rclin'Fi, ln" inrl. willi a ^rciil. Iomh in Mir dcHliiic- tion of luK lioiiMc by Hit. 'I bis wiih IIio r.-i-iiHion of liis rcnioval lo < )rlaiid, wbcrc be ow tied a rann. Mr died in Mini, lown, .Inly 'J, 1M,")(), a|!;rd ('i^lly-roiir ynuH, aii(i liiH rcniaiiiH wcrr b|-oll^'lll brrr i'or inlrrniriil. Altlioii^b not a niati ui' iiKMT limn uvi'i'ii^T ubilily, be ponHcMHcd an cxr.cllcnl, rcpiilalioii for proniptiKmH and lidclily in bis biiHincHs, iitid was lu'ld in great «'Hl('(iin bere, ( l^'i'oni CoiU'tH and Lavv- vorw o r M atnc •J Pahkku, Is.\A(). Mr. Parker was born in Hoslon, Juiui 17, I7()H. Ho was i^radiialed iil Harvard College, in 17HI), wiMi bigk lionor, allbongb but eigbleeii years ol" age. He studied law in Ibe olVice of .Judge Tudor, ui' lioHton. He was iidmilled (o Ibe bar in 17HII, and eitmM bero very sbortly alter. Hi> was tbe lirst regular praetitioner of law in tliis seetion o( tbe State. From 17U1 to 1795, incluHivo, b«i i\ niid llilllMI ill IIm^ MllHHU a. iir |ir<'Hrli liilMrl.lH, ilt'rt r(tii iiiid IIh' 12. Ii> mtimiiMl |HU(», !in Sliorlly cHlriic- (»r liis ill tliiil. ciiiainH a iiiiiti Xf.fllt'lll. HH, iiiid III Livvv- illi l>i);l« Hludit'il nluirtly ill this liHivo, H« llllO«)KHVM,I,K AND IMCNOHMroT. iJlT) rr|in"WMil«'»l tlio Idwn of IN'IkiIihcoI, in I he (JcimtiiI ('»tm(. «»r Miihh, III' wiiM n)»|M)iiir.<«' ; iiiid vviim, for Iwrnly ycaiM, iiii ( ^vcrMccr of lliuviird ( !(tlliK(i. In IHIO, ho wim iippcinlid l{<»yall I'ro- fcHMor of Law ill l.hi! Iiiiirr CnWty^r. I In icitci vcd from llarvind Iho i\^•^Jrv(•^'y- ' llonorahh^ William Willin Mayn, in ihn work from whirh IhiH Hkfl.rh iw (hnivi'd : — " No man waMi-.vof more i'lcr. from aflcclalion or j>:'rfi^nHioii, thiiii •liid^'i! I'arkitr; iiioditHf, iinaHHiiniini^, iinaf- i'l'cl.rdly ^'ri!ii.i, lir d(!H|»iHrd all llin luu'.iiMHorii^M and iixjn!- diciitrt Iji wliiidi weak and mi-an ni<-ii ritHort to ac.<)iiirn nolitridly." .Iud;^() I'arkcr niiirriid Kc.hc.i^ca Hall. Shu WIIH a MiMij^hlcr of .lon«-|»h Hall, «»f Mi^dford, iMaHHiudm- hvMh, who vviiM a drHcmdant iVtMii John Hall, who H<;t.U(rd ino|)iiliuity iih a man wiih nnhoiinded, and Ids repiitalion as a lawyer and an advocate, attraeted many iludents to liiH ollice. [From (Jourtrt and Lawyers ol" Maiiiu.J i'AHKKH, OliVKII. Oliver Parkor was of Kii^UhH dcHCcnt, and vvaH horn in WorcuHtci", MaMHachusettH, about tlie year 1738. U^- wjim 216 HISTORY OF CASTINE, appointed a Justice of the Peace for Worcester County, l)y KinfT George, shortly after he had attained his majority. During the war of the Re\olution, he was an active loyal- ist. He became veiy offensive to his neighbors, in conse- quence of his adherence to the Crown of England, and was, on this account, obliged to leave his native country, when peace Avas declared. He went to St. John, Ncav Brunswick, where he resided some ten years. While there, he was engaged in mercantile business, and accumu- lated considerable property, which he is said to have lost through the dishonesty of his partner in business. Mr. Parker moved to Castine in 17'.>4, and bought the farm now owned by Mr. Alexander G. Perkins. About the year 1800, he was appointed by Governor Strong, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. This office he held nearly fifteen years. Judge Parker was much interested in religious matters, and was instrumental in having the meeting-house built at North Castine— then Penobscot. He Avas a member of Reverend Mr. Mason's church, and, for a short time, was one of the deacons. From 1787 to 1790, and again in 1792, he was chosen one of the Board of Selectmen of Penobscot. It is related of him, that, being inveigled by others into some iniquitous transaction, he was brought as a prisoner before the bar of the very Court over which he had once presided. The finding of the Court in his case we do not know ; but it is claimed that whatever this may have been, he was free from inten- tional wrong-doing. Judge Parker v/as twice married, and brought up a family of three sons and four daughters. Two of the latter married John and Samuel Wasson, of Brooksville. Judge Parker died in Brooksville, in the year 1818, aged about eighty years. Stoey, Isaac. Isaac Story, Esq., was the second sou of Reverend Isaac Story, of Marblehead, Massachusetts. He was born in that town, in 1774. He was graduated at Harvard College, in 1792, and came here in 179Y, and commenced the practice of law. He was, however, much fonder of literature than of law, and gave the greater portion of his time while here to editing the Castine Journal. His career was short, though brilliant. After a residence here of some two or three years only, he removed to Massachusetts, and died at his # 1^ BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 217 ity, l^y jority. loyal- conse- id, and miitry, 1, New While Bcumu- ive lost i. Mr. le farm )ut the udge of . nearly sted in ing the :iobscot. ch, and, 1T8T to le Board m, that, saction, he very ding of claimed inten- arried, ughters. sson, of in the father's house, in Mfrblehead, in July, 1803. He wrote " Essays from the Desk of Beri Hesdin;" a volume of let- ters entitled " The Traveller ; " and a poem entitled " The Parnassian Shop, by Peter Quince." A writer in the Salem Re.guter thus speaks of him : — " A gentleman well known by numerous productions in polite literature. In his manners, bland, social, and affectionate ; in his disposi- tion, sportive and convivial ; in his morals, pure, generous, and unaffected. Wit and humor were provinces in which he sought peculiar favor, though he not unfrequently mingled in his poetic effusions the gravity of sententious- ness with the lighter graces." His kinsman. Judge Story, of Massachusetts, wrote an elegy upon his death. [Courts and Lawyers of Maine.] Wetmore, William. William Wetmore was born in Connecticut, in 1749. He was graduated at Harvard College, in 1770. He first practiced law in Salem, Massachusetts, and afterwards came to Castine — probably about 1777 or '78. He was a Judge of Probate, for Hancock County, for a number of years. In 1804, he removed to Boston, and was for many years a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, in that city. Judge Wetmore was married, and had one daughter, who was married to Judge Story. Whether there were any other children, is unknown to the writer. Judge Wet- more was one of the bvjc lawyers in Maine who were ever raised to the degree of a Barrister. He died at Boston, in the year 1880, at the age of eighty-one years. Williams, Hezekiah. See Citizens Prominent in Nation, &c. Physicians.* Crawford, William. Doctor William Crawford was born in Worcester, Mas- sachusetts, in August, 1730. He was graduated at the College of New Jersey — then located either in Newark or •This Hccoiint of the Phj-slcians of Castine is from the pen of Doctor Joseph L. Stev»'ns, to whom the entire credit is due for ull except wiiut relates to Doctor Crawford, some of the facta ia regard to Doctor Calef, and a portion of what refers to himself. m i 218 HISTORY OF CASTINE, Elizauethtown — on the tenth of October, 1755. He mar- ried Miss Mary Brewer, of Westtown, in October, 1763. She was a sister of Colonel Brewer, the former proprietor of the town of Brewer, from whom the place took its name. He had two sons, James and William, who settled in this town. Doctor Crawford, although never a resident of this town, is mentioned in this chapter from the fact that he was the nearest physician to the earliest settlers of Plan- tation Number 3, and often came here on professional visits. Doctor Crawford was a Surgeon and Chaplain in the army of General Wolfe, and was attached to his staff at the time of the death of the latter, at Quebec. He came to this region several years before the war of the Revolution, and located at what is now Fort Point. It is a family tradition that he was the one to marry the first couple that were ever wedded, according to Protestant forms, in the Penob- scot region. He died at the age of forty-six years, at Fort Pownal, in the town of Prospect (now Fort Point, in the town of Stockton). His diploma, written on parchment nearly one hundred and twenty years ago, highly embel- lished and with illuminated Jetters, is in the possession of his grandson, Mr. James B. Crawford, of this town, to whom we are mainly indebted for this sketch. Doctor Crawford was not only a physician, but for three or four years he officiated as Chaplain, and preached in the chapel at Fort Pownal, which was erected by Colonel Goldthwaite, who was, afterwards, for a short time, a resi- dent of this place. In regard to his preaching, the follow- ing anecdote is related: — One of his parishoners, named James Martin, was observed to be usually absent from divine service on Sunday. Doctor Crawford called on him to learn tli reason of his absence. Martin informed him that there was no necessity for his attending. " Why ?" said the Doctor. " Because," replied Martin, " I have heard your sermon so often that I know it all by heart." " Let me hear you prove it," said the Doctor. He accord- ingly repeated the discourse nearly in the very language of the Doctor. "I declare," said the Doctor, "I must alter my method of preaching, in the future." Doctor Crawford is represented as a very kind and worthy man, though of an ardent and impetuous temperament. He was of Scotch descent. BROOKSVrLLE AND PENOBSCOT. 219 [e mar- -, 1763. )prietor 8 name, in this : of this that he >f Plan- al visits, he army the time e to this ion, and tradition hat were e Penob- 1, at Fort it, in the :irchment iy embel- session of town, to for three Led in the Colonel e, a resi- lie foUow- ]s, named lent from ■d on him ined him ' Why ?" " I have ^ heart." ;e accord- juage of tust alter ^d worthy lent. He From its peculiar, isolated situation — relatively to other towns in the vicinity — its small population, and its remark- able exemption from acute diseases, for the treatment of which medical men achieve their best reputation, and receive their highest rewards, Castine cannot be entitled a ''Paradise for Doctors." It is known that not one has accumulated a fortune, and it is believed that not one has acquired even a competence here by professional means. Calef, John.* The first physician known to have resided, as well as practiced, in town, was Doctor John Calef — often written Calf. He was a man of good education, who came here as a refugee from Massachusetts, on account of his obnoxious political opinions. As there were, at that time, many sympathizers with him, likewise refugees, it is supposed he practiced with them, as well as with the citizens of the town. It is known that he did with one family, at least, the descendants of which are still residents here. He lived, so says tradition, in the house so long owned by Doctor Mann, and probably built it. It is now the oldest house in town, and, when erected, faced the street, which run differently then from Perkins street as now laid out. [Query? See chapter IX.] The Doctor was a son of Robert and Margaret Calef, and was born in Ipswich, in 1725. He married a daughter of Reverend Jedediah Jewett, of Rowley, Massachusetts. Whether he had any offspring, is unknown. Prior to his com- ing to this part of the country, he was for several years in the General Court of Massachusetts. During the British occu- pation of this place, in 1779, he was a volunteer Surgeon, and an acting Chaplain to their forces. After peace was declared, he settled in St. Andrews, New Brunswick, where he died in 1812, aged eighty-seven years. He made one visit here after his removal, and called upon the family to which allusion has been made, and left a slight memorial of his interest in it. Mann, Oliver. The earliest settled physician of whom we have any accurate knowledge, was Doctor Oliver Mann, who was *Tbe name seems to be au old Scandinavian patronymic— See Binding's History of Scandinavia, pp. 102, 163. 'w rr^^fm * t 220 HISTORY OP CASTINE, likewise from Massachusetts. He must have come here very soon after the close of the war. He had seen service as Assistant Surgeon in a hospital ; and, as there was no other practitioner nearer than Doctor Skinner, of Brewer, must have had an extensive and remunerative practice in this and the adjacent towns and islands. He was a man of firm constitution, strong powers of endurance, and temper- ate habits ; but of warm temper and passions, and, when excited, was in the habit of using intemperate language. By his early friends his opinions were considered infallible, from which there should be no appeal. Late in life, he became a Methodist, with a radical change in language and demeanor. As he had been a medical officer in the war, ho became entitled to a pension ; to procure which he made a journey to Bangor. The day before, he contracted a severe catarrh by going through wet grass to visit a patient out of town. The additional exposure of his journey, brought on a violent attack of Acute Laryngitis. The writer attended him until his death. He died July 4, 1882, aged seventy- six years. In addition to his professional labors, he was engaged somewhat in navigation, and was also a prominent political man in the town. He was a Representative to the General Court for several years, and filled many other offices of honor and responsilDility. He was a large owner of real estate here, and on Cape Rozier. KiTTREDGE, ThOMAS, AND OTHERS. During the closing years of the last century, several physicians — whose names, even, have not come down to us- came here, but staid only a short time. In the early years of the present century, Doctor Kittredge, afterwards of Mount Desert, is said to have staid a short time in what is now called North Castine. Adams, Moses. About this same time Doctor Moses Adams came here. He remained a shoit time, and then removed to Ellsworth. While there he was charged with the murder of his wife, was brought here for trial, and was acquitted for lack of evidence. Public opinion, however, was so adverse that, although he married again, confidence in him was not restored, it is believed, sufficiently for him to regain prac- tice. BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT le here service was no Jrewer, ctice in tnan of temper- 1, when iiguage. fallible, life, he lage and I war, ho I made a a severe it out of Lght on a attended seventy- ?, he was rominent ve to the py other re owner Thurston. About the year 1809, Doctor Thurston came here from Massachusetts. Pie was a man liborally educated, of good abilities, and practiced in the best families in iown. He staid only tAvo or three years, however, before he removed to Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where it is sujiposed he lived until his death. The date of his death, and his age, are both unknown. Peck, Calvin. Doctor Calvin Peck, from Western Massachusetts, suc- ceeded Doctor Thui'ston. While he was attending the lec- tures of Harvard Medical School, (he was a fellow boarder with the writer) a letter was received by the Professors from prominent citizens in this town — among the names of whom the writer remembers seeing that of William Abbott, Esq., — requesting them to recommend some young man desirous to settle. Doctor Peck, then ahout to grad- uate, was advised to go. The writer assisted him in put- ting his effects in a sleigh, and saw him start for Castine ; little thinking he should ever follow him to the same i^lace to reside. Doctor Peck staid here a year or two, but a bet- ter opening offering in Ellsworth, he went there, where he died in 1849, aged fifty-seven years. several vnto us- rly years wards of 1 what is here. He (llsworth. Ihis wife, Ir lack of |rse that, I was not lain prac- D'Ayez, Madame. Some years prior to Doctor Peck's residence here — prob- ably about 1810 — a female practitioner, Madame D'Ayez, by name, arrived in town.* She was an extraordinary woman ; fully impressed with a sense of " Woman's rights," which she exercised to the fullest extent consistent with law and usage as then existing. She was said to be a daughter of a medical man, and had been a nurse in a hospital, from which source she had gathered quite a har- vest of medical lore. She practiced not only in this, but in neighboring towns, and by her shrewdness and address, caused much trouble and vexation to her male competitors. A specimen of her shrewdness is shown by a wonderful plaster she often made. This plaster — made of some sim- ple material — was spread on the nicest scarlet cloth, and •Commonlv pronounced, in this vicinity, "M'am Dnggey." 29 K 'M A ill 222 HISTORY OF castinb, "when api)liod to certain portions of the body was snre to *' draw ont " and eradicate all crossness and ill-nature from babies and young children. The price was one dollar a plaster ; and, considering its inestimable value, if true, could not be considered unreasonable. Unluckily for dis- tressed mothers, for whose special benefit this remarkable article was made, the secret died with her. The following case shows her mode of treatment: — An ancestor of one of our present citizens, got poisoned, it is presumed neither very severely or dangerously so. She was ajjplied to for aid. To treat the case, she took some common salt, dried, pounded and manipulated it for a long time, colored it with some innocent ingredient, and then, with much ceremony, gave it to the patient, who, of course, soon recovered. A lady well acquainted Avith her devices, expostulating with her upon the deception, asked her Avhy she could not inform the family, and let them procure so simple a remedy. " OhI " says she, in her broken English, " M'am L — , it taint do to let de folks know everything.''^ Gage, Moses. Soon after Doctor Peck's departure was known. Doctor Moses Gage settled here. He was a native of Rowley, Massachusetts, and a recent graduate from Harvard. He practiced in Duxbury a few months. He came here in 1815. He was a gentleman of superior talents; prompt, energetic, and decided in practice, especially in surgery ; and, had he lived, in good health and under favorable cir- cumstances, would have become a distinguished surgeon. An unusually strong predisposition to Consumption com- pelled him to make a voyage to Havana, with the hope of regaining good health. He soon became much better, and had a large and lucrative practice with the Americans resi- dent there. In 1821, he visited this place and staid a few weeks with his friends, but his disease increasing, he was obliged to return to Havana. He died there in 1822, aged thirty-one years. Stevens, Joseph L. [Portrait on opposite page.] Just before the first departure of Doctor Gage for Havana — as mentioned in the preceding sketch — he wrote to the compiler of these sketches ( Doctor Joseph L. :«^ BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 223 sure to ire from dollar a if true, for dis- iiarkable oUowing (f one of I neither id to for It, dried, d it with aremony, ered. A ting with ot inform r. "Oh!" tiint do to n, Doctor Rowley, ard. He e here in ; prompt, surgery ; rable cir- surgeon. [tion com- lie hope of )etter, and licans resi- Di\id a few ig, he was .822, aged Gage for -he wrote [oseph L- Stevens, a native of Gloucester, Massachusetts,) advising him to take his place, and offering to recommend him to his friends. They had been fellow students at North Andover, with Dr. Thomas Kittridge, and were intimate friends. He accordingly came on, arriving here in January, 1819, the day after Doctor Gage sailed. An interview with the citizens, mutually satisfactory, induced him to settle his business in the town where he had been residing, and to return here, March 2, 1819, where he has since lived. He has practiced here now for a period of fifty-five years, varied occasionally, and intermitted by several severe attacks of illness. Notwithstanding the latter, he is still in tolerable health, and his physical powers are pretty well preserved, considering his age, and his mental, as good as ever, in his own conceit at least.* [It only remains to be added to the above, that Doctor Stevens is a graduate of both the Classical and Medical departments of Harvard College ;t is a man of culture and refinement, and has had, in his day, a wide-spread reputa- tion as a physician, and more especially as a surgeon. Although eighty-four years of age, he still keeps up his interest in professional matters, and practices occasionally. As he is still living, it would be improper, in this place, to speak of his character and disposition; but it cannot be out of place for us to bear testimony to the general esteem in which he is now, and has ever been, held by the community in which he has so long lived.] Poor, Eben. In 1822, Doctor Eben Poor came here as Clerk of the Courts, for the County of Haiicock. He had been practic- ing in Belfast, then a part of ihe above County. He was born in Andover, Massachusetts, October 28, 1765. He studied his profession with Doctor Thomas Kittredge, of Andover. After practicing for some years in Massachu- setts, he removed to Andover, Maine, in 1804, wiiere ho continued in practice until December, 1814, when he removed to Belfast. While a resident of Andover, he was appointed principal Assessor of the Sixth Collection ♦This is his own language. tWhile a student ho attended the lectures of Dr. John Warren, the first Professor of Anhtoniy and Surgery, in the Harvard Medical School, and one of its Founders, and liiiewise lieard the first lectwre delivered by his son, Doctor John C. Warren, when appointed Adjunct Processor. 224 HISTORY OF CASTlNn, District, in the then District of Maine. He likewise repre- sented the f'ounty of Oxford, in the Lef;ishilnre of Massa- chusetts. He continued to reside and ])nictice in Castiin? till 1817, when he removed to Penobscot, and married there a widowed lady, who died in 1H28. His first wife, Elizaheth Stevens Poor, died in Castine, Noveml)er 7, 1824. In 1820, he removed hack to Andorer, jNIaine, where, honored and respected, he practiced until his death, Avhich occurred January 18, 18?}7. Doctor Poor was a jndicious and safe practitioner, though his treatment Avas what is technically called " heroic." This kind of treatment was, however, as the writer well knows, strictly contined to his own person. He treated his patients Avith ..lore discrimination than he did himself. Althoniih always an invalid, and his treat- ment of himself bordering upon the extreme, yet he lived to an advanced age, far beyond the period usually allotted to mankind. Bridgham, Roland H. In 1834, Doctor Roland H. Bridgham — a native of Minot — came here as Collector of the Customs for this port, .appointed l)y Piesident Jackson. Doctor Bridgham first settled in Sullivan, Maine, where he practiced many years. For tAVo years prior to liis appointment as Col- lector, he had represented that town in the Legislature, iu which he Avas active and inlluential in procuring the pas- sage of the beneficial Act, authorizing toAvns to cause a general vaccination to be made. At the expiration of Pierce's administration, he retired from office ; but a year or tAvo afterAvards, he represented this Senatorial district, in the Legislature. During his term of office, he practiced occasionally; and after its ex]iiratiou, did so very generally and acceptably to his many friends. He had always had great influence in the political party to Avhich he belonged, which continued as long as his activity lasted. About two years before death, he had a slight attack of general Paralysis, Avhich, with other signs, indicated the general wreck of brain sure, sooner or later, to follow. He con- tinued in business some time after — gradually failing — till tAvo months before death, Avhen he became delirious, then unconscious, and died Janiuiry 25, 1871, aged seventy years and eight months. He Avas buried with Masonic honors. i brooksvn.le and penobscot. Military Offickus. 225 JoHANNOT, Gabriel. Gabriel Johannot was, probably, of Iliigucnot descent. He was born in Boston, in the year 1748. He came here soon after the close of the Revolutionary war. The exact time is not known; but as early as 1784, he was living upon this peninsula, haviui^ settled u\>on Lot Number Six, of the original survey. He is said to have had command of one of the militia regiments, but of which one we have been unable to ascertain. He was a prominent man in town affairs, and was the second Rejjresentative of the town of Penobscot to the General Court of Massachusetts. He Avas a ])roniinent Free-mason — having been one of the charter members of Hancock Lodge at its fornuilion, and its first Senior Warden. He removed to the town of Hampden, Maine, where he died, in 1820. Lee, Joseph. Mr. Joseph Lee was born in Royal ston, Massachusetts, in August, 1774. He came, at an early age, to live with his uncle, Mr. John Lee, the first Collector of Customs at Castine. In 1800, he Avas married to Priscilla Sparhawk, of Templeton, Massachusetts. In 1807, he removed to Bucksport, where he remained until the winter of 1826, when he moved to Milo. How long he resided in the lat- ter place we do not know ; but he returned again to Bucksport, where he died, in April, 1861, aged eighty- seven years four months. There were several daughters, bnt only one son, in his family. The eldest daughter was married to C. A. Swazey, of Bucksport; the second, to Eben Greenleaf, of WiUiamsburgh, jNhiine ; and the young- est to William Brown, of Brownville, Maine. His. son, Joseph A. Lee, was married, about the year 1836, to Miss Mary L. Sawyer, of Calais, Maine. During his residence in Castine, Mr. Lee assisted his uncle in the duties of the Custom-House. He had consid- erable predilection for the military service, and we find him mentioned in 1800, as a Lieutenant of the Castine Artillery Company ; and ten years later — after he had moved to Bucksport — he is mentioned as resigning his office as Colonel of the Regiment. In regard to his subse- quent career, we have received no information. 226 history of oastine, Little, Otis. See Citizens Prominent in Nation, State, &c. Authors and Publishers. Waters, Daniel S. Neither the old town of Penobscot, nor either of the present towns derived from it, has produced any author of special repute, except such as have oeen already mentioned amongst its professional men. There have been three editors and publishers, but of this number we have been al)le to obtain no account of either one, except the subject of this sketch. Mr. Daniel Waters was the son of Mr. William Waters, of Boston, and learned his trade — as a printer — of Messrs. Adams and Rhodes, of that city. He came here about 1797 or '98 ; and in 1799, commenced the publication of a paper, under the name of the Castine Journal, and Eastern Advertiser. He remained here but a short time, having, about the year 1802, removed his establishment to Hamp- den — wiiere, however, he remained but one year. He went from Hampden to Richmond, N'ivginia, where he died, a few months after, at an early age. He was a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. Citizens Prominent m Nation, State, or Town. « Little, Otis. Mr. Otis Little was born in Marshfield, Massachusetts, March 27, 1769. He came to Castine — then a part of Penobscot — in M''X. On January 21, 1800, he married Miss Dorothy Pei /.ins, a daughter of Captain Joseph Per- kins. A few years after Mr. Little selected this peninsula as his permanent home, he turned his attention to mercan- tile pursuits, in which he continued for more than forty years. During this period he was also interested, to a considerable degree, in commerce and navigation. He possessed the confidence of his fellow citizens, who re- peatedly elected him to offices of responsibility and trust. For four years he represented this town in the General Court of Massachusetts. He was afterwards chosen Rep- resentative to the Legislature of Maine, for three succes- sive terms. He was one of the Governor's Council in 1830 ; UUOOK8VILLE AND I'ENOBSCOT. 227 and, durinjj; a period of some fourteen years, was one of the Selectmen of Castine. lie luul some experience in the military s('rvict% hcinLf chosen first a Ser<^eant, then Lieuten- ant, and afterwartls a Cajjtain of the ('astine Artillery Company. The eonnnissioned officers of the artillery companies of Bangor, Hi'lfast and Castine, then composing a hripide, elected him Major, by which title he was there- after always called. Major Little ever took a lively interest in town improve- ments, and was always ready to contribuce time and money for such purposes. He planted nearly all the shade trees on Green Street, and a large proportion of the noble elms and nia])le8 on Court Street. Il(! died Febru- ary IT), 184(), aged seventy-seven years eighteen days. His wife survived him over ten years, her death occurring November 8, ISoO, at the age of seventy-seven years four months and eighteen days. Williams, Hezekiah. Hezekiah Williams was born in the year 1798, in Wood- stock, Vermont. He was graduated at Dartmouth College, in 1820. He chose law as a profession, and in 1825, settled in this town. In May, of the 3'ear following, he was nuirried to Miss Eliza Patterson, of Belfast. Although a respected member of Hancock Bar, he was more exten- sively known in political than in professional circles. He held at different times, various offices of honor and trust in town and State, and in 1845-1847 he represented this District in Congress. He belonged to the Democratic pirty. Mr Williams was a prominent and zealous member of the Masonic Order. He was at one time the Master of Hancock Lodge, and in 1841, was elected Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Maine. He had four sons and four daughters. All four of his sons were in the service of the United States during the war of the Rebellion. Three of them were Army Officers, one of them, Hezekiah, being at one time a Medical Director of the Army of the West. The second son, Edward Pattersoi; Williams, was born in this town, in February, 1838. He was educated at the High School and was afterwards appointed a Cadet at the Naval School in Annapolis, Maryland. After his graduation at the Naval School, he entered the Navy as a Midshipman, 22K IIIHTOIIY OK CAH'I'INK, Ixit soon roKo <(» ilio viiiik of ii l/iciilcnuiij.. lie was oik! of tlii^ piii'l.V who iiiiiflo IIh! iii^^lil. iil.luclv oil lAirl. Siiiii|»lt'r, iti iHlll, 1111(1 w;is l.iikt'ii priHoiicf (1,1/ lliiil, tiiiM! iiiid rcccivcti V(!ry liiirsli Irciiliucril,. Al'ltir jtciico was dci'liircil, lu; w;i,s ])r(»mol,('(| 1(1 llio coiimiaiKl of tlio Onfiifn, which Hhi|) was niii thiwii liy the lOiij^lish Htcaiiicr liirni/xii/, whihi ('(imiiii^f oittorihtf hailioi- of Yokahoiiia, Japan, in 1. ir(Mi rail and said, "No, lliis is my place and. here I rctmain." His a^c at. llie linu) was Miirly-scven years, lint on(! son and one daii^lit(!r of this family now remain. Mr. Williams died at Castinit, Oclohcr 2;>, I.S.")(i, a',;(Ml lil'ty-''iu'l't years and thirteen nn)nths. His wife di(!il in Dixoii, Illinois, Ant,nist 11), IHdCt, aj^od six'y-fonr yt'ars. Ih^r n^mains are interrtsd at (lastinu. WiM-HON, David. Micahcl Willson, fatluM' of llm stibjecit of tins skelcli, pnM^rate(| from IOnj;la,n(l, and sellhid in Ipswich, Massachu- setts. Il(! was a weavi-r by lrad(^ I<'(M' several years he was a nn^idau' of tint ( Colonial Lc)^islatnr(! of MaHsaclniHtdts. He snl»S(!(pieidly s()t(l(Ml in Wells, Maincs His son David, was horn in Wtdls, in A|)ril, IT'.Ji. He oanio to this place provions to tin; l»reakiniL5.ont of (Ik! war of tlid Itiivnlntion, an in that capainly. He serv(! III tliM aiii.!;lit''i' I'lisliiii', lliirti'fii rilrtt. l'.>, ,t)i'ri!, llIlOOKHVII,l,K AND PRNOMWCOT. 229 and wljo di(id Man-h 'j:{, 1H;{(), aj^od Hl,y-(!if,dil. yc.arH ; and .losiah, who dij'd in I'onoli- nvx)\,, in IH70, aj,'(!(l alxint. oii^'hty-fonr years. Nathani);! wuH uiarri(!d to (/hristiana (iardnctr, who wan horn in llin^hani, MasHa<:hnH(>Us, and who was a d(!Sc,(Miwn, iu Duuuiubcr, IHUI, uj,'t'il ()ij;hty-fonr yfiiirn. Mauiniohh. 1M;31KINH, KnKNK/KR. (/Uptiiin Mh Want I'crkiiiH, was horn in York, Maitu;, .lnn(! 8, 1771; and died in ('aslinis .Inly 2<5, 1H27, a^cd lifty-wix yitarH. \\v married M(*hiia!)le Liltlitiii^lij, who was horn in Wells, Maine!, Ma,n!h 14, 17H1. She died at ('amden, ]VIain was stnnewhatof an eventful (mii;. In \\\v. eni'iloynuMit of iiis falluM-, he -van, when (piite yoiui)^, a|>])oin(.(!d to the <'()niniand of a V(;ssel. Duriti}^ the (•xistet^ce of the H(;rlin and Milan l)«'eiees, his vessel wus euptnrcid, und ho was confiiKMl for soni(! tinit; in a Krttneh ]>rison. Soon lifter the (htelaration of War hetwcfeii Great Uritain and tin; United Statits, iu;, liein^^ then in eommand of th(! ship /jiiwr/Kiiit Trthh-r, hcdontiin^' !<» his father, lyinj^ at I'ouf^hkeepsie, New York, received mdeis (o hrinj^ his vessel to nam|i(I<>n, that Ixtin;^ supposed to In; a plaei; of Hiifely. Soon after his arrival, however, some of tlnr Hrilish fif'iit saihid lip lh(i Penol)S(;ot, and hiirned the /Awrptiof. Tradtr, toj^ether with one (d' tlui United States vesscds lyinj^f there. Tlu! nton ; and he, himself, of the Unita- rian and Universalist societies, during their existence here ; 31 h 288 HISTORY OP CASTINE, and though but little inclined to theological controversy, he always entertained to the close of his life, a deep regard for the religious views known as liberal, and a firm belief in them. At the time of his death, and for some years previously, no man was living on the peninsula of Castine, who was there when he came to it. There were several older per- sons, but no one who bad been so long a resident. His sons, William H. and George H. Witherle, still re- side and do business in this town. BE00K8VILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 239 CHAPTER XL Municipal History of Brooksville. The town of Brooksville was incorporated by act of the General Court of Massachusetts, on June 18, 1817. It was named after Honorable John Brooks, the Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, at that time. The general history of Brooksville, prior to its incorporation, is included in that of Penobscot and Castine — of which it formerly composed a part — with the exception of the small portion derived from Sedgwick. In the half century that has elapsed since its incorporation, so little of public interest has transpired in this section of the State, especially in Hancock County, that the municipal history of so compar- atively young a town cannot reasonably be expected to equal that of older or more thickly settled communities. This town has, like Penobscot, been obliged to bestow its principal attention for many years upon the matter of its roads. Its records contain, as will be seen from the fol- lowing summary, but few matters of general interest ; and for the facts relating to its ecclesiastical and military his- tory the reader is referred to Chapters V and VII. Abstract of Records. 1817. The first town meeting in Brooksville, was held sometime in the fall of 1817, at the house of Mr. John Bray. At this meeting Mr. John Wasson was chosen Moderator ; and Rogers Lawrence, Joseph G. Parker, and Elisha Smith, were elected as the first Board of Selectmen. The town also, at this time, chose Solomon Billings, Israel Red- man, Timothy Condon, John Hawes, William Pa,rker, Cunningham Lymburner, and John Blotlgett, as a commit- tee to district the town for schools. 1818. The annual meeting of the town, in 1818, was held at the house of Mr. Benjamin Rea. The town this >ll< 240 HISTORY OP CA8T1NE, year made its first appropriation for schools, and elected its first School Committee. The amount appropriated was two hundred dollars. The School Committee consisted of David Walker, John Douglass, William Blodgett, John Lord, Ephraim Blake, Phineas Norton, and John M. Foster. 1819. In 1819, the tov/n voted, by a very decided ma- jority against a separation of the District of Maine, from the Commonwealth of Maiisachusetts. 1821. The town at its' annual meeting in 1821, voted its usual appropriation of two hundred dollars for schools ; and at a subsequent meeting voted an additional amount of one hundred and ninety dollars. 1822. The appropriation for the support of schook, was four hundred dollars, in 1822. 1823. In the year 1823, the town instructed the Se- lectmen to arrange with the municipal officers of Castine, the proportion which Brooksville should pay annually, for the support of a ferry, at what was formerly called Lymburner's Ferry — between North Castine, an ' West Brooksville. The town this year, instructed the F tmeu to negotiate for suitable burying grounds, in diffc . por- tions of its territory. For the next twenty years nothing of special interest occurs in the records of the town. 1833—1843. In 1833, the amount of school money appropriated by the town was increased to four hundred and forty dollars ; and in 1843, it was raised to four hun- dred and eighty dollars. 1846. At its annual meeting in 1846, the town voted to build a town-house, and to have it located in Sylvester Condon's pasture, near the southwest corner ; John Hawes, Andrew Gray, and Simeon Allen, were chosen as a build- ing committee. At another, and later, meeting the town decided to have the building placed in the same pasture, but "on the north side of the bars leading from the high- way." An attempt had been made for many years to in- duce the town to provide a settled place for its annual meetings, but the article in the warrant in relation to the matter, had heretofore invariably been passed over. 1853 — 1856. The appropriation for schools in 1853, was six hundred dollars ; and in 1856, the amount was in- creased to eight hundred and fifty. 1862 — 1865. In 1862, the appropriation for the sup- port of schools was eight hundred and sixty dollars ; and this is about the amount generally raised by the town, for BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 241 cted its ;ed was isted of b, John Foster, led ma- le, from 1, voted schools ; Qount of schook, L the Se- • Castine, mnually, ly called n' West tmen . por- 8 nothing rn. ol money • hundred four hun- wn voted Sylvester n Hawes, Is a build- the town pasture, the high- lars to in- ^ts annual ion to the 31. in 1853, It was in- this purpose, in subsequent years. From this time until the close of the war of the Rebellion, nothing occurs in the town records of any particular interest, except what re- lates to the appropriation of money for bounties, for the support of the families of volunteers, and for other pur- poses connected, directly or indirectly, with the war then being carried on. As these amounts are all included in another place, they are in consequence omitted here. [See pages 168, 169.] For several years after the incorporation of the town, the inhabitants of Brooksville, were without a Post Office, and were obliged to cross the water to Castine, or go to Penob- scot, or Sedgwick, for their mail. The letters were usu- ally obtained from these towns, and distributed to the in- habitants by one or more carriers. As the population in- creased, however, the difficulty of transmitting the mail to different portions of the town increased also, and accord- ingly a Post Office was established here about the year 1830, and John R. Redman was appointed postmaster at that time. At the present time offices are established in each section of the town. [See Brooksville Directory.] the sup- lars; and Itown, for 242 HISTORY OP CASTINB, CHAPTER XII. Present and Future of the Three Towns. Brooksville, according to the census of 1870, contains a population of one thousand two hundred and seventy-six souls. Its valuation is, Polls, three hundred and twenty- two ; Estates, two hundred and thirty-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven dollars. Its principal business consists in navigation ; although the granite quarries in South Brooksville afford employment the greater portion of the time, to a large number of persons. The naviga- tion of the town consists mostly of small coasting vessels, some of them rather old. These vessels, though of com- paratively small intrinsic value, carry freights as cheaply as those of much greater cost, and consequently afford a very much greater percentage of profit. The inhabitants of the Cape are mostly engaged :'n fishing. Numbers of them go to the Banks of Newfoundland, in vessels owned principally in, and sailing from, towns on Cape Ann. The remainder are chiefly engaged in shore fishing, and the obtaining of shell-fish. Brooksville was the latest of the three towns, whose history has been narrated, to be incorporated into a separate municipality. It was, indeed, a sort of off-shoot from the towns of Castine and Penob- scot, and in its earlier j^ears, offered less inducements to settlers than either of these towns. The aspect of things, however,; has changed very much, of late years. There is now growing up in West Brooksville a thrifty little village, which threatens, ere many years, to completely cast into the shade its more favored rivals. The causes which have led to the rather rapid growth of this town within recent years, are said by an aged merchant — of this vicinity, but not a resident of the town — a gentleman of sound judg- ment, and of large information in regard to the business affaiis of these communities, to be as follows : First — the early and steadfast encouragement to the cause of temper- ance reform. This cause gave the first impetus not only BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 248 VN8. >ntains a renty-six twenty- ancl nine business larries in !r portion ) naviga- g vessels, 1 of com- i cheaply y afford a ihabitants unbers of s owned pe Ann. ing, and . latest of ,ed, to be s, indeed, i Penob- nients to )f things, There is le village, cast into liich have [in recent .nity, but md judg- business 'tVs^— the temper- not only to the social happiness of the citizens, but to the financial prosperity of the coninninity. Secondly — the advance made by the town in educational matters. Thirdly — the inducements held out to the young men of the town, to marry and settle at home, instead of seeking their fortune abroad, as is too often the case in New England towns. Possibly the reason first given is the cause of the other two. if so, what more glowing encomium could be paid to the cause of temperance, than the mere recital of the fact I The growth of Brooksville being due to the causes mentioned, it requires no prophetic power to predict a continued prosperity, so long as these same causes shall remain in operation. This town having no great agricul- tural capabilities, must, however, continue in the future to extract its wealth, as it has in the past, from its granite hills, draw it from the bosom of the deep, or increase it by maritime enterprise. The town of Penobscot, though like most of the neighboring towns, it has lost in population during the last decade, has increased in wealth. Its present popula- tion is about one thousand four hundred and eighteen souls. Its valuation in 1870 was, Polls, three hundred and twenty-nine ; Est.ates, two hundred and twenty-seven thousand three hundred and fifty-six dollars. This town is engaged somewhat in navigation, and in small manufac- tures, but is, on the whole, to be considered as an agricul- tural town. Its increased prosperity of late years, not- withstanding its marked falling off in population, is, doubtless, due to the temperance, frugality and industry of its citizens. It is simply the slow and natural growth in wealth that every town ouglit to show, where no extrinsic causes have interfered to produce a decline. Its financial growth is due partly, of course, to the new vessels that have been built, and to the manufactures that have sprung up ; but is due mainly to the increased value of its farms. The situation and soil of Penobscot is such, however, that it can never compare, agriculturally, with the more favor- able soils of many other places in the State. Its future prosperity will depend principally upon the encouragement extended to Manufactures. It possesses sufficient water power to enable it to carry on manufactories of a small kind to an almost unlimited extent ; and its facilities for navigation would even, it is thought, render the employ- ment of steam power profitable. The manufacture of 244 HISTORY OP CASTINB, brick has been carried on there for a long period, but the business has never been conducted to the fullest extent of which it is capable. With good farms, tolerable facilities for navigation, excellent chances for manufactures of all kinds, and an industrious and hard-working population, there is no reason to doubt the continued prosperity of the town. The past and present condition of Castine has been so fully treated in the chapter upon the commercial history of the town, that but little remains to be added. Within the last decade, this town has declined, both in population and in its valuation. Its population in 1870, was one thousand three hundred and four. Its valuation, at that time, was, Polls, two hundred and fifty-eight ; Estates, four hundred and sixty-one thousand three hundred and forty-three dollars. In 1860, the valuation of the Estates was seven hundred and sixty-four thousand five hundred and seventy-one dollars. This apparently excessive depre- ciation of property is due, in great part, to the fact that the valuations for some years had been altogether too high, and had consequently been reduced. Notwithstanding this fact, however, there has undoubtedly been a decline in the wealth of the town, within the last ten or fifteen years — as well as for a much longer period. While it might be an error to state that the business of the town was still on the decline, it cannot be said to be on the increase. The location here of the State Normal School, and the starting of a factory for the canning of lobsters and shell-fish have, in a measure, counteracted the failure of certain other branches of business ; and the financial condi- tion of the town is probabl}'^ what it was at the last census. What outlook does the future offer ? The town cannot again, within the present century, at least, reasonably expect to see the day when it will be possible for any one to utter the boast that he " could go from the upper to the lower wharf upon the decks of vessels ; " but nevertheless, shipping must continue to be, to a certain extent, one of the sources of its prosperity. To what extent this will be the case, will depend upon the degree in which navigation is revived throughout New England. Its limited territory forbids any hopes of its ever becoming an important agri- cultural town. Its farms can never supply even the home demand. Its want of water power, and its limited supply of fresh water needed for steam power, will prevent its BROOKSVILLE AND PENOBSCOT. 245 aut the tent of icilities J of all ulation, erity of been so history Within pulation was one , at that Estates, Ired and 3 Estates hundred ve depre- fact that too high, istanding a decline or fifteen While it the town e on the 1 School, lobsters failure of bal condi- ,t census. |n cannot lasonably any one er to the rtheless, it, one of lis will be .vigation territory ,nt agri- he home d supply ivent its ever becoming, to any great extent, a manufacturing town ; unless, indeed, the advances made in scientific knowledge should some day enable the immense power of the ocean tides to be made available. The only reasonable prospect for the immediate future lies in encouraging, as much as possible, the current of summer travel, which has already begun to flow in this direction. The natural advantages of the town as a place of summer resort, are already too well and widely known, to need any special advertisement. All that is needed, on the part of our people, is a spirit of fairness, in all their transactions, to offset the extortionate demands of our more celebrated watering-places. Penobscot, Castine, and Brooksville possess a common origin, and the same history. They are bound together by the ties of neighborhood and of consanguinity. Their business interests do not conflict with one another; and whatever tends to increase the general well-being and prosperit}'- of one, will inevitably benefit the others also. As they were one in origin, it is to be hoped that they may continue to accord, in all their aims and efforts. 82 PART III. DOCUMENTARY. "The grounds I work upon." ShaJt.-AU^a weU that ends well, iii-^ . Ii:h I. DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE ANTE-REVO- LUTIONARY PERIOD. Consisting of Translations of the " Documents Col- lected IN France," now in the Archives of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and Sundry OTHER Similar Documents from both English and French Sources, Arranged in Chronological Order. 1. Deposition of Edward Naylor. " The Testomony of Edward Naylor aged = 32= yeares or ther Aboutes Sartifieth that haveing the charge and command of Negew Belonging to Penobscott for the acct = of Coll® Tempells = Now = S' Thomas Tempells That In Aprill = 1662 = Leiueftenuant Gardner = com- mand®' of Penobscott for ye sayed ColP Tempells Accompt Writt = to me that Coll' Tempell had Left y® fortes & that Capt. Thomas Bredion had Taken Poshion [sic] of them & had Dismissed him & the Rest of the men from y* sayed Tempells Imply : «Sc sarves & Plased a M' Gladman Governor of the fortt® & other offeseres & soldiers : the sayed Gard- ner = having Received a Commission from y® sayed Bredon [sic\ : & : Commanded mee In his Magestys mane [sic] to Declare to the men that they wear the all Discharged from Coll® Tempelles sarves & to be opon the Accompt of Capt. Thomas Bredion from that Time : & allso = they sayed gardner sayed that Capt. Bredion : had a Commishon from his magesty : opon theobedences of which hey soren- dred the ffortt & Trad® = & = y® Goodes = deposed in Generall Court 25 of octobre 1666. p Edw. Rawsbn Secret. [Mass. Records, Vol. 67. p. 115.] 2. Extract from a letter of Sir Thomas TempWs to the Lords of the Council, November 24, 1668. ' " May it please your Lordships, 'Tis my duty to acquaint you that I received his Majesty's Letter dated the 31st of 250 DOCUMENTARY. December, 1667, for the delivering up of the Country of Acadia^ the 20th of October, 1668, by Monsieur Morillon du Bourg, deputed by the most Christian King, under the Great Seal of France, to receive the same ;****« I thought fit also to let your Lordships know, that those Ports and Places named in my first Order, were a part of one of the Colonies of New England, viz: Pentagoet, belonging to New Plymouth, which has given the Magis- trates here [Query. In Boston?] great Cause of Fear, and Apprehensions of so potent a Neighbour, which may be of dangerous Consequence to his Majesty's Service and Subjects, the Caribbee Islands having most of their Pro- visions from these Parts, and that Mons. du Bourg, informs me that the most Christian King intended to plant a Colony at Pentagoet, and make a Passage by Land to Quebec, his greatest Town in Canada, being but three Day's Journey distant." [Memorials of the Eng. and French Commissaries con- cerning the Limits of Nova Scotia or Acadia, pp. 588, 589.] ■'■'■■ ■ 8. Instructions for Monsieur le Chevalier de Crrandfontaine. La Rochelle, March 5, 1670. The said Sieur de Grandfontaine will understand that the said province of Acadia, which is included within the whole extent of coast, which is found from, and includes Kennebec and Pentagoet, extending towards the north, to Canso, and Cape Breton, and all that land which is in this same extent of this coast, stretching to the west as far as the Great River St. Lawrence, having been put under the authority and government of his Majesty, in the year 1630, by means of the possession which had then been taken by Monsieur the Commander de Razillai — charged with the orders of his Majesty to that end ; that this possession had some interruptions upon the part of the English, which in- terruptions were followed by several treaties, by which the restitution of it has always been promised and conceded to his Majesty. Among others by the first article of the treaty made at Paris, in the month of March, in the year 1632, between Isaac Houac, Ambassador of his said. Britannic Majesty, and Messrs. de Bouillon and Bouthillier, Com- missioners upon the part of the King, by which article, it is precisely stated that the said Sieur de Houac promises, ANTE-REVOLUTIONAEY PERIOD. 251 mtry of illon du der the # * * at those I part of entagoet, e Magis- of Fear, tiich may fvice and heir Pro- r, informs 'a Colony }uebec, his ; Journey aries con- 588, 589.] idfontaine. 5, 1670. •stand that [within the td includes north, to is in this ft as far as under the I year 1630, taken by ^ with the session had [, which in- 1 which the onceded to Icle of the the year 1 Britannic [Uier, Corn- article, it promises, in the name of his said Britannic Majesty, to cause to be surrendered to his said Majesty, all the places occupied in New France, Acadia, and Canada, and to give, for that purpose, the necessary copies of the treaty to those who command, on the part of his said Britannic Majesty, at Port Royal. And again by article tenth, of the treaty of Breda, in the year 1667 — upon the last invasion of said country, by the English, in the year 1654 — it is again expressly de- clared that the King of Great Britain, shall likewise make restitution to the Most Christian King, or to such person as shall be proposed for it, by his order, well and duly at- tested by the Great Seal of France, of the country in North America, called Acadia, which the Most Christian King possessed heretofore, and to that end the said King of Great Britain, immediately after the exchange of the rati- fications of peace, will deliver, or will cause to be deliv- ered, to the said Most Christian King, or to some one who shall be commissioned by him, all the memoranda and orders necessary for tlie said restitution. The Sieur de Grandfontaine should know that it is in execution of this article, that the King of Great Britain, has caused to be delivered, the orders of which Sieur de Grandfontaine is bearer to him, as well as [bearer] of the commission of his Majesty, well and duly attested by the Great Seal of France. And as the eleventh article of the same treaty of Breda, decides what should be done with respect to the inhabi- tants of the said country of Acadia, who shall desire to leave, the purport of it will be inserted here, in order that the said Sieur de Grandfontaine, may observe it, and that he may have for it all proper regard. Article eleventh of the Treaty of Breda : " But if any of the inhabitants of the said country called Acadia, prefer or desire to be under the rule of the King of Great Britain, it shall be permitted them to depart from it within the space of one year, reckoning from the da}'- of the restitution of the country, and to sell, to pass in ac- count, or otherwise dispose of, as shall appear advantage- ous to them, their lands, slaves and all other movable or innnovable property, and such persons as shall contract with them for that purpose shall be obliged to draw up their contracts under the authority of the Most Christian King — but if they prefer to depart and carry with them 252 DOCUMENTARY. their household goods, slaves, cattle, silver, and all other movable things, he will suffer them to be carried off witii- out any hindrance or molestation whatever. (Signed) ARLINGTON." As regards the restitution which is demanded in execu- tion of the said articles, and of the ordei's whereof the said Sieur de Grandfontaine is bearer, he should know that it is the lands, country, ports, rivers, and plaoes, or forts, which are from and include the said place of Kennebec, and Pentagtiet, as far as Canso, and Cape Breton included, and all the extent of territory, as far as the river St. Law- rence, — without any reservation or exception. And that he ought particularly to stick to Pentagciet, the restitution of which has always been demanded by his Most Christian Majesty, as well as the forts upon the river St. John, and Port Royal, even as it appears from the letters of his Most Christian Majesty, of January 30, and October 7, 1658, written by Monsieur de Bordeaux, at that time his Am- bassador in Enghmd, concerning the last invasion made by the English upon said forts, in the year 1654. The said Sieur de Grandfontaine, having obtained this restitution, and having been put in possession of the said territory, will be able in his discretioniand prudence to de- cide where he will make his principal establishment — which it appears to us ought to be at Pentagoet, as being the place nearest the territory under the English rule, and Avhere he will be better able to support and protect the lands under the rule of his Majesty, wliich are, as has been said before, extending towards the north, from the middle of Pentagoet, as far as Cape Breton. And when the Sieur de Grandfontaine shall be settled, he ought to pay great attention in regard to putting him- self promptly in a state of defense, and protecting himself against all the accidents which might happen in the course of time and of aff:;.irs, by fortifying himself and providing himself with everything necessary for that purpose — for which, besides that already furnished him, his Majesty will provide for what more will be necessary for him in the memoranda of them which he will take care to send. In resuming possession of the aforesaid things, the said Sieur de Grandfontaine will take care to have instructive memoranda made of the condition of those places which shall be given up to him, including the fortifications, build- ANTE-REVOLUTIONAUY TEUIOD. •2o3 other with- execu- le said that it forts, inebec, eluded, b. Law- nd that titution hristiaii hn, and lis Most 7, 1658, his Am- luade by ned this the said 36 to de- iment — as being ule, and itect the as been middle settled, |ng bim- himself [e course iroviding lose — for lesty will in the kl. [the said struct ive 3S which build- ings, the number and (quality of inhabitants, and the means and conveniences for their subsistence; and trade. lie will use all the authority which is given him by his Majesty, and ail the forces which are, and shall be en- trusted to him, to strengthen the traffic that his Majesty may in future be able to make on the said coast of Acadia — either for permanent or transient fishing, dressing of furs, erecting of dwellings, tillage; of lands, or such other things as they desire to attempt there — and tliat without exclu- sion of any one, allowing full and entire liberty to all tha sul)jects of his said Majesty, to go and come, and to carry on such traffic as they shall wish ; but interdicting and taking away tliis same freedom of trade and residence from all strangers, unless they are provided with an express order of the King ; having regard all the time, that in this exclusion from residence he ought not to include the Eng- lish who aie settled in the country, and places which shall be restored and delivered to the King; but should require of them an oath of fidelity and submission to his Majesty, such as good and faithful subjects ought to make and keep. And as, for the maintenance of the said country of Aca- dia, it appears that there is nothing more important to do than to open communication wiHj the inhabitants of the French Coloni(!S, which are upon the river St. Lawrence, the Sieur de Grandfontaine should give particular atten- tion to find the means; and he should go to work without losing a moment of time — and it appears that this commu- nication can better be found by way of the river St. John with that of the Savages, or that of Pentagoet with that of the Saut, otherwise called Chaudiere, than by any other places. For the examination and discussion of the best means for this communication, by any other places, as well as of all other things, he will liave as much acquaintance and correspondence as he can, with Monsieur de Cour- celles. Governor, and Lieutenant General for the King in Canada, and the country of New France, and jSIonsicur Talon, Intendant of the said country, — to follow in every- thing their instructions and advice. And su})posing — Avhat is not to be believed — that the said Sieur de Grandfontaine finds insurmountable obsta- cles to the restitution of the country before mentioned, and to taking possession of it, he must know that it would not be expedient for the service of his Majesty, that he should return to France, with the people who shall be placed un- 33 ( 1 254 DOCUMENTARY. 4! del- his command ; but that he oujjflit to endeavor to talce a position in sonjo phice, upon the said eoast of Acadia, either at La Ileve, or Hueh other phice as he shall jud^fo fit, in order to give account of his anxieties, and of the difficidties that ht' will have met in the exeeution of his oitlers, wheruuijon Ids Majesty will let him know what he shall do. (Signed) COLBERT I)E TEIIROU. ["Documents Collected in France" Vol. II, page 211, et seq.] 4. Act of Surrender of Fort Pcntaf-fd'et, in Acadia, hi/ Captain jlichard Walker, to the Chevalier de Grand-Fontaine, AvfjUHt f), 1()7U, tvith a detailed account of the condition of the aaid Fort, and of all the thinr/H that were and did remain in the said Fort, at the time of its surrender to the said Chevalier de Grand-Fontaine. The fifth Day of Aiu/mt, 1070, heing in the Fort of Pentagoet, in the Countries of Acadia, whereof we took Possession for his most Christian Majesty the Seventeenth Day of last Month, Captain Riehard Walker, heretofore Deputy Governor of the said Fort^and of the said Coun- tries of Acadia, representing the Person of Sir Thomas Tem- ple, Knight and liaro'i t, accompanied with Isaac Garden, Gentleman, did jointly require of us, that we should givt; a particular Account of the Condition of the said Fort, and of all Things which were and did remain in the said Fort, when the Possession thereof was given unto us by the abovesaid Captain Richard Walker, that they might have an Instrument in Writing indented, to deliver to the said Sir Thomas Temple for their Discharges, where- vmto we do accord ; and for that End and Purpose, we, in the Presence of the above named, and of the Sieur Jean Halliard, the King's Scrivener in the Ship of his Majesty, called the *S'^. Sebastian, commanded by Monsieur la Clocheterie, as also of another Secretary, writing under Us, the said Proceedings in Manner and Form following. First, at the entring in of the said Fort upon the left Hand, we found a Court of Guard* of about fifteen Paces long, and ten broad, having upon the right Hand a House of the like Length and Breadth, built with hewen *An old form of expression for Guard-house. See Sbakspeare— I King Henry VI. Act H. Sc. 1, 4th line. o take a Acadia, 11 jvid^o [I oft lie on of luH what he IROU. ■e 211, et y Captain •Fontaine, condition e and did ider to the e Fort of ' we took iventeenth heretofore ■iuid Couu- omas Tem- Qardcn, louUl give aid Fort, in the iven unto that they to deliver es, where- :)se, we, in ieur Jean s Majesty, onsieur la under Us, ing. mn the left ut fifteen ht Hand a ith hewen eare— 1 King in ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY I'ERIOD. 255 Stone, and covered with Shingles, and above (hcni there is a Cha{)el of ahout six I'luics long, and fonr Paces broad, cov- ered with Shingles, and huill with Terras,* npon which there is a snudl 'I'nrrct, wherein there is a little Bell, weighing about eighteen Pounds. More, uj)on the left Hand as we entered into the Court, there is a Magazine, having two Stories, built with Stone, and covered with Shingles, being in Length about thirty- six Paces Long, and ten in Ihuadth, which Magazine is very old, and wanted nnich Ucj)aration, and which there is [a] little Cellar, wherein there is a Well. And upon the other Side of the said Court, beiiig on the right Hand, as we enter into the said Court, there is a House of the same Length and Tircadth as the Magazine is, being half covered witii Shingles, and the rest uncov- ered, and wanted much Reparation ; these we have exactly viewed, and taken notice of. Upon the Rampart of the said Fort, and in Presence of our Canon ier, whom we caused to be there present, to take a View of the several Pieces of Cannon, are as followeth. First, six Iron Guns carrying a Ball of six Pounds, whereof two are furnished with new Carriages, and the other four with old Carriages and new Wheels; Two of them weighing eighteen hundred and fifty Pounds, each of them ; Three weighing each of them fifteen hundred Pounds ; the other weighing two Thousand two hundred and Thirty Pounds. More, two Iron Guns, carrying a Ball of four Pounds, having old Carriages and new Wheels, one weighing one Thousand three hundred and ten Pounds, the other weigh- ing one Thousand two Hundred and thirty-two. More, two small Iron Culverines, carrying a Ball of three Pounds, having their Carriages old and their Wheels new, weighing each of them nine Hundred twenty-five Pounds. Afterwards we went out of the said fort and came to a little Plat-form near adjoining to the Sea, upon which we surveyed two Iron Guns, carrying a Ball of eight Pounds, furnished with new Carriages and new Wheels, the one weighing three Thousand two Hundred Pounds, and the other three Thousand one Hundred Pounds. Which are twelve Iron Guns, weighing twenty one Thousand one Hundred twenty and two. •The French is " bfttie sur une terrasse." SJiWi DOCUMENTARY. More, vre do find in the said Fort, six Murtherers with- out Chambers, weighing twelve himdred Pounds. More, two hundred Iron Bullets, from three to eight Pounds. Lastly, about thirty or forty Paces from the said Fort, there is a small Out-house, being about twenty Paces in Length and eight in Breadth, built with Planks, and half covered with Shingles, which do not serve for any Use but to house Cattle. More, about fifty Paces from the said Out-house, there is a square Garden, inclosed with Rails, in which Garden there are fifty or sixty Trees bearing Fruit. All which Things above Writ, we have exactly viewed and taken not.je of in the Presence of the Persons under- written ; and I do acknowledge that they are in the Quality and Condition as is above declared ; whereof we have given this particular Account, that the Value thereof may be made good to the said Sir Thomas Temple^ or to his Heirs or his Assignees, o^ to whom it shall belong; whereunto we, with the above named, have put our Hands, and caused our Secretary to witness the same, the Day and Year above writ. Signed le Chevalier de Grrq/id-Fontaine, Jean Mail- lard^ Richard Walker. Isaac Garner, Marshal Secretary. I do herehif certify that this Paper is a true Copy compared with the Original in the Books of this Office. Plantation Office, Whitehall, July the 12th, 1750. Signed TiiOMAS Hill. [From " The Memorials of the English and French Com- missaries concerning the Limits of Nova Scotia or Acadia. London : M DCO i.v." pp. 606-610. — In the Library of the Boston Athenseum.] 5. Condition of the Fo>'i and post of Pentago'et as it was in the year 1670, the sixth of August, when the English surren- dered it. First, a fort with four bastions, well flanked, which bastions, taking them as far as the verge of the terrace inside, are sixteen feet. The terraces on the inside are eight feet within [en] the curtains- On entering in at the said fort there is upon the left hand a guard-house that is from twelve to thirteen paces in length and six in breadth. ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 257 Upon the same side is a low Magazine with another of equal size and length, being thirty-six paces in length and about twelve in breadth, covered with shingles, under which Magazines there is a small cellar nearly half as large as the Magazines, in which there is a well. Upon the right hand on entering into said fort there is a house of the same size as the aforesaid guard-house, in which there are three rooms Above the passage which is between the guard-house and the house which is upon the right, there is a chapel, eight paces in length, and six in breadth, built of timber, and with mud walls, [Bouzillage,] upon which is a small steeple, in which is a metallic bell weighing eighteen pounds, the whole covered with shingles. Upon the right hand is a house, of the like length and breadth as the magazine, of the same character except that it is not all covered, and that it has no cellar. All of which houses are built of stone from Mayenne, [in the places] where a little repair is necessary. Sixty paces from the place there is a shed — half covered with plank — twenty-five paces long and twelve wide, which serves to house the cattle. About one hundred and forty paces from the place, there is a garden, which has been found in quite good condition, in which there are seventy or eighty feet of fruit trees. In regard to the Artillery upon the rampart of the said fort, the following cannon were found, first: Six iron guns carrying 6-lb. balls, two having new carri- ages, and the other four old, and the wheels new, which six pieces weigh, according to their marks, One 1800 pounds, One 1230 Three others 1500 " One 1350 Besides tv.'o pieces carrying 2-lb balls, having old carri- ages and new wheels, weighing One 1310 pounds. The other 1232 Besides, two iron Culverins, 3-lbers., with their carriages old and wheels new, weighing each 925 pounds. Besides, upon a platform overlooking the sea and outside of the fort, two iron guns carrying an eight pound ball, having new carriages, One weighing 3200 pounds, The other 8100 it 258 DOCUMENTARY. In the fort is found 200 bullets from three to eight pounds in size. Lastly, upon the ramparts there are six iron guns without stock, and dismounted, that they judge to weigh 1200 pounds. [" French Documents," page 227 et seq.] 6. 3Iemorial of Monsieur Talon to the King. Quebec, November 10, 1670. i^v "^ ^^ ^^ ^^ n^ n^ ^^ I have entertained two Frenchmen and two Savages sent by the Chevalier de Grandfontaine, Governor of Acedia, with letters which show that the English have given back to him, in good faith, the portion for the restitution of which the King of Great Britain 'lad engaged himself by the treaty of Breda. That he has been very Avell received and that there is reason to believe that he will easily bring about commercial relations with Boston if liis Majesty judges it useful to his service. That he has found at Pentagoet the Fort, of which I send the plan under the apprehensi»n that that which he liad caused to go by the St. Sebastian might be lost. That there is some timber suitable fur the Navy, safe harbors and abundant fisheries throughout all the extent of Acadia. That the privilege of fishing is only granted by the Eng- lish upon paying a duty of twenty-five crowns per boat. That this duty is collected by Colonel Temple or by his creditors for the discharge of his debts. It is of conse- quence to know whether the King desires that they should continue to give, in his name, the same permission to the English, and upon what terms. That the ground in the vicinity of Pentagoet is not the most suitable for cultivation, but is much like that of Port Royal and the river St. John. That almost all the soldiers desii'e to settle. That there was a place in tlu' vicinity much better adapt- ed to receive a more regular fortification and of better secur- ity than the post that he was occupying, which is com- manded [ by the high land?] and that his opinion was that he should work there and in this direction his inclination appears to me to incline him. That the English had seized a vessel which had been apparently taken away from Jamaica by a Frenchman from ANTE-EEVOLUTIONAEY PERIOD. 259 St. Malo, named La Fontaine, and by him conducted to Boston, loaded with Merchandise estimated at more than 100,000 crowns and carrying some forty pieces of cannon, a part iron and a part brass. . That this La Fontaine hag escaped and that they mis- trust that this vessel belongs to the King. To this letter I have replied in advance, and, under the good pleasure of his Majesty, I have made it known to the Chevalier de Grandfontrine that my opinion was that he should not give any cause for jealousy to the English, by new fortifications and new works, nor cause for belief that the King Avishes to become the master of all the fisheries which are for his convenience, by excluding them and refusing permission [to fish] until the authority of his Majesty was acknowledged and his troops well confirmed in the post of PentagiJet — for the repair and fortification of which it imports him to give his first and chief attention and his aid in establishino; the soldiers and their families. And [to give] his attention to bringing about a con- nexion and correspondence with Boston in order to get from there what he wants, and for other reasons which I cannot lay down, since this correspondence may be useful in this beginning of the settlement and may be broken when it pleases his Majesty. And as to the matter of the vessels — I have sent letters to Colonel Temple, and to the Governor and Council of Boston, by whiih I make entreaty with all for that which the}' preserve, und the crew of the vessel, its rigging and appurtenances, and the me bandise which they have taken charge of, Iw seeching them to send me by the lieutenant of Monsieur de ( 1 randfontaine, who must be carrier of the let- ters, tlie dupli ites of the proces verbal, inventories and other legal ins. nments which have been drawn up in regard to the del ition of this vessel, so that if it is proved that it belongs to ins Majesty, I might make, in his name, the claim in a Court of Justice. ( "He has well answered." — Colbert.') ["French Documents," Vol. 2d, Page 231 et seq. 7. Memoir of Monsieur Talon to the King. Quebec, 2d November, 1671. «♦*******# The Sieur de Marson, lieutenant of the Chevalier de 260 DOCUMENTARY. Ill J Grandfontaine, with whom he has fallen out, has come here from Pentagoet, with the consent of his captain. Both have given me their respective causes of complaint, which I shall examine, nevertheless I do not believe that it was for the King's service to dismiss the said lieutenant within his gate, before having either tried or settled his quarrel; because their animosity appears too great, in order that the two parties should not proceed to any- extreme in. sight of the English, and as 1 know that the service of the King requires that I should make a voyage to Acadia before I return to France, I have kept near me the said lieutenant, who will accompany me on my journ- ney, that I shall make, if my health returns, either this winter, upon snow-shoes, or next spring, in canoes. 9(6 ?|f l(t T^ V lit 9^ V •I' W I shall observe the condition of the two principal posts of Pentagoet and Port Royal, and if they need any repair, I will cause work to be done [on them.] [" French Documents," Vol. 1, page 247.] 8. / Extract from a letter of Governor Leverett, to Mr. John Collins^ dated August 24, 1674. " Our neighbors, the Dutch, have been very neighborly since the}'- had certaine intelligence of the peace. One of their captains have bin upon the French forts, taken Penobscot, Avith loss of men on both sides; what they have done further east, we understand not." [From the Hutchinson Papers, p. 464.] 9- Memorial from Count Frontenac to the Minister, Quebec, November 14, 1674. Although I am in despair at having to write to you news little agreeable, I cannot refrain from giving yon notice of the disaster which has happened to Monsieur Chambly, of his wound, of his confinement in prison, and of the capture of Pentagoet, together with that of Genesee, in the St. John's river, and of Monsieur Marson, who commanded there. What I have learned, from a letter that Monsieur Cham- bly has written me, is, that he was attacked by a crew of AXTE-E EVOLUTION AUr PERIOD. 2G1 s come japtain. iplaint, ve that ate n ant :,led his reat, in to any :hat the , voyage near me y journ- her this )al posts y repair, Ur. John 2!;hborly One of , taken liat they 1G74. '^ou news notice of mbly, of capture the St. imanded ir Cham- crew of buccaneers, who had just come from St. Domingo, and who had crossed over from lioston, with one hundred and ten men, who, after hmding, kept up their attack for an hour. He received a musket-shot through the body, that com- pelled hira to leave the field, and which also injured his ensign ; and the rest of his garrison which, with the inhab- itants, was composed of only thirty disaffected and badly armed men, surrendered at discretion. The pirates have pillaged the fort, carrying aw^y all the guns ; and while they ought to have brought Monsieur Chambly to Boston with Monsieur Marson, he has been taken to the St. John's river, by a detachment who hold him as a ransom, and wish to make him pay a thousand beavers. As I received this news only the last of September, through the savages whom Monsieur Chambly sent me with his ensign, praying me to give an order for his ran- som, and as there remxuns not more than a month of navi- gation, I shall, in the inability of sending to Acadia for help — even altliough I may have the necessary things for that — content myself with sending some soldiers in canoes, in order to get news of the state in which they have left the fort; and if no invasion is made against Port Royal, to give orders to bring back the girl of Marson's, and those who are retained in the St. John's river, and to send to a correspondent that jVIonsieur Formont has provided for me at Boston, bills of exchange for the ransom of Monsieur Chambly, which I am obliged to discharge by my merchant at Rochelle, not thinking it for the glory of the King— for which I shall always sacrifice wdiat little property I may have — to leave for the consideration of our neighbors a Governor in the hands of pirates, who would have brought him "with them w'here one mav be killed ; l)esides, that this poor gentleman is assuredly, on account of his merit and his long service, worthy of a bet- ter destinj'. I have also writteji a letter to the Governor of Boston, of which I send you a copy, by which I express m}'^ aston- ishment to him, that while there has been no rupture between His Majesty and the King of England, he gives shelter to these pirates and these vagrants and men with- out employment, after they have insulted us so ; and, as toy ijje, I shall believe in failing [to carry out] the orders H 262 DOCUMENTARY. I have had, to keep up a good correspondence with them if I had opportunity for anything of the kind. I am perstiaded that these people from Boston have employed these men there to do us this injury, they having given them even an English pilot to conduct them, they impatiently enduring our neighborhood, and the fear which this gives them for their fisheries and their trade. I do not know if those that I have sent vou will be able to return before the departure of the vessels; or whether I may be able to send other, more particular, news. But my Lord, by what I have written you now, and by what Monsieur Chambly will write you the first opportunity he finds, you will be able to discover the orders that you should give for the safety of Acadia, and what you wish I should do, since you know 1 am unable to do any good as 82. 25. 12. 17. 69. 14. 17. 92. 5. to be able there, failing 105. 83. 17. 29. 14. 57. 67. 104. 24. 18. 32. 12. of all things 18. 86. 14. 106. 14. 20. 68. 37. 24. 39. 17. 7. 79. 28. 17.* and that you expressly forbid me making any extraordinary expense, which I shall observe with the utmost care. ^ It is very much to the jjurpose, I think, that I finish this letter, which ought to weary you, it has already been so long ; and that I add only those protestations that I will make to you, even to the last breath of my life. My Lord, - Your very humble, very obedient, and very obliged servant, FRONTENAC. [" French Documents," Vol. 2, p. 287, et seq.] 10. Letter of Mons\eur de Colbert to Monsienr de Frontenac. St. Germain-ex Laye, 15th March, 1675. His Majesty has been surprised to learn that the forts of Pentagoet, and of Genesee, have been seized and pillaged by the crew of a privateer ; he cannot persuade himself that there has not been a little negligence upon the part of Sieur de Chambly. He wishes nevertheless, that you may do all that you possibly can to bring it [the captured ♦Perhaps the reader will decipher this ; we confess our inability t«-> do so. ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 203 dth them ton have ij having lem, they the fear r trade, u will be essels; or Darticular, you now, I the first ;cover the catlia, and am unable J. 5. to be 04. 24. 18. 37. 24. 39. ne making e with the at I finish ready been ons that I life. ^ENAC. 1-] Frontenac. Ih, 1675. « the forts of id pillaged vde himself )n the part that you le captm-ed jUity u» do 80. vessel] back from Boston, together with the soldiers and other persons taken with it, and to repair this mishaj), in regard to the vessel which has been built in Canada. You have done well to compel the Sieur Baguire, agent of the company, to advance some money for the finishing of this construction. His re-imbursement will be provided for, and I will give the necessary orders to Monsieur do Demain, Intendunt of the Navy, at Rochefort, to carry by the first vessels which shall go to Canada, all the rigging, appurtenances, arms, and ammunition necessary for the armament of this vessel, and to conduct it into one of the ports of the kingdom, his Majesty not wishing to confer such a favor upon this country as you propose. ["French Documents — " vol. 2, page 291.] 11. Order of 3Ir. Palmer, Judge of New York, to Thomas Sharpe^ Captain of a vessel. New York, July 23, 1686. He will go to Pentagoet, and will send his letter to Sieur de St. Castin. He will go to the places where are the wines which he had seized, in the name of his Britannic Majesty, and will put aboard his vessel, all which he can take. If he finds upon his return some ships or vessels negotia- ting to, or having put some merchandise ashore in the country, belonging to the Enghsh, he will seize them and will bring them to Pemaquid. ["French Documents," vol, 3, page 187.] 12, Synopsis of a letter from Mr. Palmer^ to the Sieur de St. Castin. New York, July 31, 1686. As he learns that vessels are transporting contraband goods, he has sent one on a cruise upon the coasts subject to the jurisdiction of New York. He commands him in the name of His Britannic Majesty not to hinder the carrying off of the wine which has been found at Pentagoet. He warns him not to threaten the subjects of the Fuglish King, among others those who dwell on the island of Martinique; and that he will not be allowed on English 'territory if he intends to aid the Sav- age*. h ii 264 DOCUMENTARV. Having orders from His Britannic Majesty to give lands to those who shall wish any, and to eoniirni to others that which they have marked for said Siour de St. Castin, [hav- ing orders] that, as lie pretends to own a portion, he should sumnon him on the part of the said King, in order to learn what lands he wished to possess, which would he granted him in the name of His said Britannic Majesty, on his becoming his subject. [♦' French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 188.] ■ ■ 18. I Report of Monsieur de Denonville to the Minister. Quebec, 10 November, 168(). There is at Pentagoet the Sieur de St. Castin, who is a gentlemanly officer in the Carignans. He is very daring and enterprising and cherishes the interests of the King, liaving his life all the time at stake from the English witli the Savages of the country of which he has become the ruler. They assure me that he has re^sntly come into the inher- itance in France of XoOOO a year, that he is a man of sound understanding, hating the English Avho fear him. If Monsieur Perrot dislikes him on account of his gov- ernment, St. Castin, by the report they have given me of him, should be a true man to give chase to the pirates and to encourage the fisheries of Monsieur de Chenvy, I have requested him to come to see me in order to become better acquainted with him and to engage him to go to France, if he should appear to me fit for anything. He is quite solicitous of honor, [and] having some prop- erty, this will be a great help in sustaining a post like that of Port Royal, especially if he is not selfish. It is true that he has been addicted in the past to liber- tinism ; but they assure me that he has very much reformed and has very good sentiments. My Lord oUr Bishop has returned from Acadia where he has made his visit to all the dwellings with great fatigue. He will send you an account of the great amount of disor- der which there is in the forest from the wretched libertines who have been for a long time like the Savages, doing nothing towards cultivating the land. I have written strongly about it to Monsieur Perrot. When we shall be at leisure it will be well for Monsieur de ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 265 Champipjny and myself to make a tour there. I learn this on all sides, both that there is scarcely any left of the Sav- ages and that they are for the most part destroyed by exces- sive drinking of brandy. Monsieur I'Evesque sends three priests there with the Sieur Petit whom I understand talks to much advantage. They assure me that the English have destroyed all the fish upon their coast and that they continue to fish upon ours ; they will soon drive them away ; for they do not come ashore like us to work the fish — throwing into the sea all the heads and garbage which become putrid and infect the bottom. What has hindered the progress of the Colony in Acadia is the trade in the beaver, which has turned the brains of the inhabitants of Acadia as well as others, and which hin- ders the success of the permanent fisheries for which there ought to be small houses and ordinances in the places where the soil is good. It is a shame that the people who have dwelt in this place for fifty years — father and son — have not received a bushel of corn, and have not even gardens. It is a shame that I have been upbraided by some people in this country, whom I have threatened to dispossess if they did not clear the ground. It is proper that you should know that piracies are daily committed in our bay and upon our coasts, which proceed from New England alone. Monsieur de Champigny will inform you how Dombour, a captain of a vessel which has brought him here, has given chase to a co'^sair which had taken a fishing vessel from Bayonne, Avhich was released by the firmness of Dom- bour who was not in too good condition to give combat. I perceive that all our captains are very much disgusted at the news which they have had that there was at Boston a frigate of 25 guns destined to cruise in the bay and straits of the Hudson. Monsieur Perrot writes me thus, and that the people of Boston boast strongly. [" French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 233 et seq.] 14. Summary of a letter from 3Ionsieur Perrot to Colonel Dongan. Port Royal, 29th August, 1686. I complain that people have come to Pentagoet by order 869 DOCUMENTARY. of the Sieur Palmer to confiscate the goods which have been (liscliarged from an Enj^lish vessel. Although the pretenses of the said rfieur Dongan are that his government has posessiou of the French coast even to the river St. (^roix, he does not helieve that he desires to decide the dispute hy violence before ihe decision of the Kings of France and England. The said Palmer ought not to commit the act which he has on the lands of the King, the fort of Pentagfiet belong- ing to His Majesty by the treaty of Breda. He expects justice of Sieur Dongan that he may not be obliged to do it himself. ['' French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 191.] 15. Note hy the Minister — 1686. The early part of the last year Monsieur Perrot was compelled to borrow moi of the Sieur de St. Castin in order to buy two ketches, Imt when they had arrived he found none of the inhaoitants who would undertake to go on board and on that account w(p obliged to make u.-ie of English fishermen under the flag of France. The enter- prise has not prospered [on account of] the knavisii talk of these fishermen, who steal the greater part of the fish which they send to Boston; so that the Sieur Perrot, in order not to fail, was compelled to return the two ketches to the seller and to relinquish what fish remained. [" French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 2;'l.] - - -"'^ •' 16. Memorial concerning some tvines seized at PentagSet^ pre- sented to the King of England hy the Ministers of France about 1687. The undersigned Ambassador and Envoy Extraordinary of France, Commissaries appointed for the execution of the Treaty of neutrality in regard to America, represent to your Majesty that the person called Philip Syuret, master of a vessel called the Jane, having departed from Malgue for New France, entrusted with Merchandise for the account of the Messrs. Nelson, Watkins and partners, and having delivered them, agreeably to his bill of lading, to the Sieur Vincent de Cast^ne, merchant established at Pentagoet, situated in the province of Acadia; the Judge of Pemaquid, who is under the authority of your Majesty, caused to i ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 2tJ7 icli have igan are )ast even e desires cisioii of which ho it belong- 3 expects gcd to do errot was Castin in .rrived he take to go ake I -ic of rhe enter- avisli talk af the lisli Pevrot, in o ketches igiieU pre- of France raordinary :ion of the )resent to |et, master Malguc be account [nd having the Sieur •entagoet, 'emaqiiid, cauaed to be fitted out a vessel which he sent to Pentagilet, from whence he carried off the said merchandise as being con- traband, and pretending that Pen tagix ' belonged to your Majesty, seized the \ ssel of the said Syuret, and rt'fiisc<4, even now, to restore it. But as by the articles \ and XI of the Treaty of Breda, it is expressly dechired that Acadia belongs to the KinL,^ our master; and as in execu- tion of this Treaty, the late King of Enghmd, by liis dis- patch of the 0-16* of August, ICGO, has sent liis orders to Chevalier Temple, then Governor at Boston, to surrender Acadia into the hands of the Ciievalier de Grand-Fontaine, and especially the forts and dwellings of Pentagciet, which are a part of it ; and besides the said Chevalier Temple, after the reception of this order, being ill, conferred authority upon Captain Richard Walker, by a writing of the 7-17 July, 1670, to give back in his absence the said province of Acadia, and especially the forts and dwell- ings of PentagJiet, into the hands of the said Ciievalier de Grand-Fontaine, authorized by the King our master to receive it; besides that the said Captain Walker obliged the Chevalier de Grand-Fontaine to give him a writing dated the 5th of August 1(370, by Avhich he acl nowledges that Captain Walker is actjuitted of the trust tiiat he had received from the Chevalier Thomas Temple, and that he has surrendered to him, the Chevalier de Grand-Fontaine, the province of Acadia, and especially the forts and habi- tations of Pentagoet. The said undersigned Ambassador and Envoy have conjB- dence in the justice of your Majesty, that after having taken cognizance of all these things, she will disavow the proceeding of the Judge of Pemaquid, will prohibit his committing similar infractions of the law in future, and will order that all the merchandise of the said Syuret shall be restored to him, or the just value thereof, that his vessel shall be restored to him immediately, and that he shall be iindeinnified fur all the expenses that this interruption in his commerce has caused him. (Signed) BARILLON & BONREPAUS. ["From " The Memorials of the English and French Commissaries concerning the Limits of Nova Scotia or Aca- dia." pp. 615, eiti.J •The first number denotes old style, and the last new style. 2G8 DOCUMENTARY. 17 Letter of the Baron de St. Cantin^ to ?londcur the Marquis of Denonville. PENTAn".ET, 2d July, 1687. I make use of the means of these two Savages, whom I have charged to make all possible diligence, to inform you that two days after having returned from Port Royal, the English came with fifty men, to take possession of this place, and went everywhere along the coast as far as the river St. Croix, which is about 40 leagues from here towards the east, where they say their boundary is. They have given me to understand that it was adjusted thus between the two kingdoms; as I had no orders from M. Perrot, I have told them that I have no answer for them ; that I am only a private individual, and an inhabitant oidy of this place. They have forbid me any longer to receive the orders of the French, as wciU as the two inhabitants, who are about two leagues from here. They have been in all the jilaces where there are Savages, in order to say as much to them, and have made tnem many presents. It is necessary that I should acknowledge to you that I have been surprised, and that if there had been no ruler in this country, I should have tried to prolong this business until I had received some orders from you ; but I have been very badly received by Monsieur our Governor, who has made a slight pretext the past year of opposing the English, who came to seize some wine, about a quarter of a league from my house ; and I believe, from the disposition I know he has, that he would ask nothing better, to make me pass wholly for a seditious person, and a man who would encroach upon his authority by undertaking sometliing without order. If I was not on bad terms with him, from a feeling tliat every upright man ought to have, when he is ill-treated by his ruler as I have been, I should have informed you of his conduct ; but I prefer to suffer a little longer, and that the matter should come to you through the letters of M. Petit, priest at Port Royal, who will not fail to acquaint you with all, without passion, which I might not be able to do ; I will only tell you that he has detained me from the 21st of April to June 9th, under pretense of some weakness that I have for some women ; and he has even told me that he had orders from you to do it. But that is not what vexes him ; and as I do not Marquis , 1()87. , whom I form you Loyal, the u of this far as tho rom here is. They steel thus \ from M. for them; litant only to receive ihahitauts, ve been in : to say as mts. It is bat I have iler in this iucss until have been who has c English, if a league on I know Ike me pass 'ho would something him, from , when he ould have Iffer a little u through |io will not which I liat he has 9th, under e women ; |om you to ,s I do not ANT 1>K EVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 209 think there is another man under heaven wliom self-inter- est would lead to ni(»re base actions than to vend, himself, in hia own house, before strangers, brandy by the pint and half-pint, not trusting a single one of his domestics to do it for him, I understand well his trouble ; he wishes to be the only dealer in Acadia, as please God, he nmy, for all me ; for as long us he shall be in this country, I shall aim not to disphnise him in this resj)ect. lie has never been willing to give me permission to go to Isle Percee* [I'lsh perc6e] becausti he fears that I will go perhaps even to Quebec, — nor will he permit me to send to Boston, after some millstones, for a mill, which the c(unmonalty of Port Royal has desired me to construct for them, although he had promised it before the mill was commenced, and now it is finished, and the mill-stones are paid for. He has changed his mind, and makes no difficulty about sending M. Villebon, who only returned from there fifteen days ago, and who must go there again towards the first of September, to go after a bark that he has had built there. If I were not afraid of wearying you, I would inform you of many other particulars concerning the aifairs of this country, which are in a strange disorder, especially at Port Royal, where M. Petit certainly suifers ruuch. I will close, Monsieur, by assuring you that I am, with all possible respect, Your very humble and very obedient servant, ST. CASTIN. I forgot to tell you that going away from Port Royal, M. Perrot drew me one side, and whispered in my ear that if the English should come here, I should say nothing, and that it was not necessary to say anything. This I imme- diately after told to M. Petit, not understanding what it meant. I departed from the above place, and two days after that I had arrived here the English came, who said, in presence of the French, who are here, that M. Perrot had twice sent M. Villebon as deputy to the Governor at Boston ; besides whom there was no one else to whom he had communicated anything else in the world. This that I say is very true ; not that I am certain of anything ; for •Where Uiis " Islo Percefi" iH, we do not know. Williiunson [Hist, of Me., Vol. 1. p. 590,] mentions a French settlement by that name, apparently between Chedabuctoo and St. John. In a sketch from the " Novus Atlas" —1042— [in Documentary History of Maine, between pp. ;JI4 and 315,] there is un Island at tlie mouth of the St. John river, called '* Isle Esijerco," 35 270 DOCUMKNTARY. I ought not- t(' advance anything that I cannot sustain, even to the last word, and which also cannot he con- firmed in the course of time. I know too well that this matter may go a great way for me to desire to advance anything which is not very true. [" F'rencb Documents," Vol. 3, p. 259, et seq.] 18. Letter of the Marquis de Denonville to the Minister. At Ville Marie, 25th August, 1687. I receive letters from Acadia which inform me that the English are not sparing of making an attempt upon the lands of the King upon that coast. I send you the letter which the Sieur de St. Castin has written me about it, who appears to wish me to understand that M. Perrot is in con- cert with the Governor at Bosto^fc If this lasts, my Lord, he has no more means of resistance. I would much prefer to make war against them than against the Iroquois, and if they are taken the Iroquois would be put in order and forced to follow our will. « * * ♦ # [" French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 266.] ^ -. 19. Summary of a Letter of the Sieur de Badie, Baron de St. Castin, to M. de Mermeval. Pentagoet, loth September, 1687. The fort at Pentagoet, where he is, is very advantageous for the coast of Acadia. He requires 30 soldiers in order to be able to maintain himself there against the continual insults of the English, who, up to the present time, have all that they could do to gain possession of it, and to con- ciliate the savages. He says that for a little assistance which is given him he will make a settleme.it of 400 sav- ages, so much the more easily as they are the natural enemies of the English, and as they have entire confidence in him. [" French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 266.] sustain, bo con- that this advance List, 1G87. # 3 that the upon the the letter ut it, who t is in con- niy Lord, uch prefer Huois, and 1 order and ron de St. iLer, 1687. rantageous rs in orckr continual time, have ,nd to con- assistance f 400 sav- he natural conlidence ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 271 20. Summary of a Memoir upon Acadia hy M. de Afenneval. Port Roval, 1st Deccmher, 1(387. * * utt * m # * The Sieur de St. Castin has communicated the intelligence to the sjiid Sieur de Menncval that the English liavo enticed the Iroquois upon the coast of Pentagiiet in order to corrupt the savages called Canibas who are in this quarter and by that to cause a kind of indirect war with the Colony. The lands under the rule of Plis Majesty upon the English side are bounded by the river St. George, wliich is eleven leagues or thereabouts from that of Pentagiiet. Iff •i* '^ ^^ ^f ^^ ^* The Sieur de St. Castin is absolute master of the savages, the Canibas, and of all thoir business, being in the forest with them since 1665, and having with hiin two daughters of the chief of these savag(!S by whom he has many children. This man has promised to quit the life that he has led up to the present time, and to proceed to establish himself at Port Royal ; but having learned that the Sieur Perrofc had intention of causing his arrest with the view of seizing his trade, he has not come. The Sieur de JMenneval is ordered by his instruction to declare to the said Sieur de St. Castin that His Majesty will pardon him the past, if he will conduct himself differentl}', and make his settlement real. This gentleman who has acquired a great deal would contribute to the construction of the fort that the Sieur de Menneval proposes to make at Pentagoet. It is impor- tant, nevertheless, to consider, in regard to this fort, whether it would not be more proper to construct it upon the river St. George. The said Sieur de Menneval has had news that the English were coming to Port Royal, to demand payment of what is owed to them by the inhabitants, and he asks what his conduct should be, on this occasion. The said inhabitants are reduced to great want, all that which they have made up to the present time having been sufficient only to pay what they owed to the said English wlio had sold to them at a very high price all that they needed, in order to recover themselves after the invasion of the said English. ['' French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 281 et seq.] h" llj 272 DOCUMENTARY. 21. Instructions from the King to Sieur de Menneval. ^c ^^ ^f ^ '^ ^^ ^p Although wliat His Majesty has just exphiined to him of his intentions, for finding an outlet for the wood trade that has been the sole employment of five or six of the old and chief settlements, and to oblige those who are there to undertake enterprises for cultivating the soil and for cai'- rying on the fisheri' s, ought to be applied to the matter of the Sieur de St. Castin's doing the principal l)usiness upon the river Pentagijet, without fixed dwellings, nevertheless His Majesty ;s well pleased with causing him to look to that which particularly regaras him, viz : that he carry on with the savages the trade that he curries on solely with the English ; and chat, as His Majesty is informed that he has derived great advantage from what he has done up to the present time, it is necessary that he commence v/ithout delay a settlement conformed to the intentions of His Maj- esty, cultivating the so'l, undertaking the fisheries, and causing to pass through French ^ands the furs Avhich he shall trade for with the ^;a"vage8 who shall come to traflic with him at his house, and he shall know that for conform- ing himself to the will .f His Majesty and to what one ought to expect from a conduct more becoming a Gentle- man, he will take notice of it and will give him some tokens of his satisfaction. [" French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 286.] Report of M. de Menneval, Governor of Acadia. Poet Royal, 10th September, 1688. • 4» * # « « * France has formerly had a fort at the river of Pentagoet where the Chevalier de Grandfontaine has commanded, and from which it is now nearly 20 years [since] the English drove him away. The Sieur de St. Castin, who was his Lieutenant escaped from their hands and since that time has his customary residence there, refusing always to recog- nize the English although he has been many times sum- moned with threats to do it, preserving thus the possession to France. « » * * * ♦ :o him of i-ade that Q old and there to I for car- niatter of less upon /^ertheless o look to 5 carry on f with the lat he has up to the e without ■ His Maj- eries, and Avhich he 3 to traffic r conform- what one ; a Gentle- »me tokens ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 273 The only man who could give any explanation in regard to this husiness is the Sieur de St. Castiu. [In regard to the limits of the English occupation.] « « « * « « « i have induced the Sieur de St. Castin to live a more regular life. He has quitted his traffic with the English, his debauchery with 'he savages, lie is married, and has promised me to labor to make a settlement in this country ; and to that end he ought to demand a concession from M. de Denonville to whom he has gone, by his order, on account of the War with the Iroquois. He has rendered me an account of the affairs of the Savages in his country. There are two different races between the river of Pen- tagciet and the Kennebec ; the Canibas, in small number, are in the region of Pentagoet, and the Abenakis, much more numerous, towards Kennebec. They are quite devoted to the French and hate the English. But whereas nothing is done for them, and as, on the contrary, the Eng- lish make them presents and provide them lavishly with those things which they need, this will cause in the end that they will gain them over and will, in the course of time, be benefitted by them against the French. They appear quite inclined to prayer and to receive instruction in religion ; but some expense is necessary for that. I have driven off^ the English from the traffic that they were carrying on there and have sent back three or four small vessels, which were carrying goods there. This has a little displeased the inhabitants who were obtaining relief ; but they will easily be comforted if the company continues to carry the same relief to them as it has done before. [" French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 317.] ?,r, 1688. # Pentagoet mded, and le English lio was his that time k to recog- limes suin- ] possession 23. Memoir of tJie Colony at Acadia. (Date not given.) The parties concerned in the said company, pray very humbly for the favor of giving orders to the officers of the Admiralty of Rochelle, to cause to be returned to them a fly-boat of about twenty-two tons, which the English pirates who plundered the colony of Chedabouctou, gave to the crew of their ship, that they may retui'n to France. Sn*i, "mimmmmm M' 'Mmi 274 DOCUMENTARY. The said fly-boat belonging to the Sieur de St. Castin, having been taken by the pirates, in returning from Quebec, on the way to Port Royal. The said pirates gave a long-boat belonging to the said company, to the ship's crew of the fly-boat to bring them to Port Royal. Mean- while a man named Gitton, of Rochelle, pretending to act for the said Sieur de St. Castin, has arrested the said fly- boat. It was proved by the proces verbal of the trial of said orew, that the said long-boat of the company, had been given to the ship's crew of the fly-boat; moreover, the Sieur de St. Castin had made amends, and that the said company suffer a loss of about one hundred and fifty livres, by the depredations of said pirates, who have carried away c*bout sixty of their engaged men. [" French Documents," vol. 3, p 325.] 24. Letter from the Marquis de JDenoriUlle to the MHyiister. Quebec, October 30, 1688. * * * The first of this month two messer- gers from Monsieur Andros, Governor of New Eng ind, arrived, who were the bearers of letters to me, of which I send you a copy, together with my reply. It is very much to the purpose. My Lord, that you see them, for by them, you perceive that the spirit and the sentiments of Dongan, have passed into the heart of Monsieur Andros, who may have less passion and be less moved, but who will be at least opposed to us as much and inay be more dangerous, with his flexibility and mildness, than the other with his passion and violence. What he has caused to be done at Pentagciet, pillaging the house of St. Castin, because he was not willing to acknowledge that he was a dependent of his ; what he has just done to the Iroquois, pretending that they are under his government; the hinderances in the way of coming to find me, [all these things] are proofs that neither he nor the other English Governors, any more than all the people, will ever forbear from doing to this colony, whaiover evil they can do. There is certainly room for believing th.',c tbo inhibi- tants of Boston, have a great part in the pilla^;^, vb'-'yo, bf.a L ' * ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 275 Castin, g from :es gave e ship's Mean- g to act said fly- trial of lad been )ver, the the said :y livres, Led away iter. ), 1688. 3 messer- Enj, md, which I it you see and the heart of Id be less nuch and I mildness, pillaging rilling to iat he has |are under [joming to jr he nor le people, [fever evil inli ibi- l<''b'''/iT. ■'>?.*» been done in Campseaux, and at CI jdabouctou, whatever disavowal of it the Governor and the inhabitants may make. [" French Documents," vol. 3, p. 335.] • Remarks concerniny Acadia, hy Monsieur Panquine. Versailles, December 14, 1688. If, my Lord, you are willing to give some time after ray return from Acadia, in addition to that which I have employed, without cessation and without intermission, in order to have the honor of sending to you the map, plans and estimates which concern this colony, before my de- parture for Cayenne, I will use it, to give a full account of the observations which I have made there, not only of the boundaries, but also of that which concerns the firm establishment of that new colony ; and I hope to have the honor of an audience about certain things, which I cannot now write. But for the present, I will take the liberty of representing the importance of preventing the peace of the Iroquois with our Kennebec savages, which 's only being brought about by the solicitation of the English. Last spring the L-oquois sent a Commission to the Kennebecs of the Hamourahiganiaques, alUes and friends of the Kennebecs, accompanied by some Sonconaquin people, savages, from New York. They took for a present a neck- lace of porcelain, and from the doubt they had of not being favorably heard, tliese deputies did not go as far as Pentagoet. They descended to the river Amirganganeque — 6 or 7 leagues further west than that of Kennebec. A short time after, those near the river Amirganganeque wished to carry this present to the eastern coast, namely, towards St. George and Pentagoet. But the chiefs of the Kennebecs disapproving strongly the advances they had made, [and] not approving what they had done, caused them to ^.e told that they were not willing. Among others, the Sagamore Madockawando, their General in war, who accompanied me, appeared very unwilling. He is a good Frenchman, — a brave, upright man, and of acute and subtle understanding, whom Monsieur Andros, Gover- nor-general of New England, treats with great caution, searching for him when they wert to Peutagbet, to pillage 276 BOCUMENTARY. the abode of the Sieur de St. Castin, and takes the trouble himself of going to see him, carrying him a present, as he says, of 14 blue blankets, 12 shirts, 3 rolls [of cloth,] 2 barrels of wine — which he received — although he does not esteem or love him, the Kennebecs being naturally the sworn enemies of the English. The Iroquois will come in September, to conclude this peact^ ; it is very important for the quiet of our settlement in Canada, but still more particularly for that of Acadia, that this peace should not be made, or should be broken, if it should be made — this is not difficult to manage. My time beir.; exceed' ngly limited, I will have the honor to tell my icrd in a few words, and in general, that the principal establishment upon the coast of Acadia should not be made at Port Royal, [it ucing] too much out of the way, and of too difficult access, qp account of the variable- ness of the winds which it is necessary to have to get there, and [it being] out of the way of all commerce. The finest and best place on the coast is the Port Rasoir. Upon my return from Cayenne, if my lord directs me, I will present to him an account of everything concerning this colony, and with so much the more ease as I hope he will do me the kindness to give nie a private room in the building which he will pass over to me in Cayenne, where I shall be able to work. [" French Documents."] 26. Census of Pentagoet — 1689. Priest, 1. Married Men, 1. Boys under 15 years of age, 1. Married Women, 1. [" French Documents," Vol. 3, p. 379.] 27. Report of 31. de Monseignat to the Minister. Quebec, 10th September, 1691. My Lord. # # ♦ * ♦ M. le Comte has recently received some letters from the ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 277 trouble :;, as he received nnebecs icle this ttlemeut Acadia, broken, lave the 3ral, that ia should iut of the variable- re to get ommerce. •t Rasoir. cts me, I inceruing hojje he im in the ne, where Sieur de St. Castin. He dispatches a canoe to him in order to send him two letters that the Governor at Boston, and the Sieur de Nelson had written him. They were quite sincere and aimed to engage him to return the prisoners which were in the hands of the Abenakis and other Sav- ages. They would make him remember the obligations that their colony had for some time been under to him and they implored him to continue the same good will in spite of the inevitable war in which the French and Knglish would engage. He answered them scunewhat in the same style, and tliat if they wished to recover theirs [i. e. the prisoners of the Abenakis,] it would in the first placript whether the word is Culdin or Alden. 280 DOCUMENTARY. Encjlisliinar, in order to carry on trade in Acadia, where they arrived at Port Royal without letting him know. The Siour Ic Borgne and the Sieur de Plciiie, his hrolher- in-law had hegnn to assume the powers of Lord and of Governor, having made the master of the English vessel pay r)0 livres for permission to sell and to land his goods ; this they have continued to do to two others wlio have come here. That the Sieur John Mathew being joined with Joseph Guyon, they have left with the EiiL'lish, to go to Pessemoncadi, Avhere they have traded with the Savages along the coast, as far as Majaja. Th;it they have given the Saviges English brandy, which has caused a terrible riot. That having written to Sieur de Thury to engage the Savages to make a party early against the English, Villo- bon having no news of peace, he has sent his letter to him by a Savage, who, having been met by Matthew and Guyon, they took the letter from him, and showing the seal to the Savages, persuaded tjlem that the English Avere trading b}' his order. He complains that the priests continue their trade, and that the one at I'entagoet had done so more openly than those who had preceded him. That for the settlement they desired to make upon the eastern coast, it is necessary to fortify Pei fagoet as an im- portant post, and if they made two forts upon this coast, it was important that one should be at Pentagoet. That the English in Boston very much desired to have the coal trade, and that they had written to him urgently, but that this will go for little, because Boston Avould con- sume no more of it than four vessels would carry, with what vessels from England biing them as ballast. [" French Documents," Vol. 4, p. 563.] S8. Synopsis of a letter from M. de Bonnaventure to the Minii- ter. (His vessel, I'Envieux, arrived at Rochelle, October 9th, 1698.) He said that the inhabitants of Pentagoet did not wish to deliver their furs, on account of the facility they had for trading with the English, as they have since done, there ANTE-REVun TIONARV PEHIOD. 281 , where know, irotlier- luul of \ vessel i goods ; lio have T joined L'lish, to vith the brandy, rrage the sh, Ville- or to him hew and wing the jlish were ;rade, and •enly than upon the as an im- his coast, Id to have urgently, ould con- larry, with ,t1ie Minis- Itober 9th, h not wish Jiey had lone, there having arrived there a vessel which neither the Sieur do St. Castin, nor the inhahitants have been willing to con- duet to the river St. George, nor to show them the fine for- ests, sayiuL ihut they did not know them, .^ot even in Pen- tagcict, when: there are some very line oak groves, looking upon themselves as the proprietors of P»'ntag6et, trading only, and not cullivaling a single ganlen. Tlii^L an English ketch had been with the man called Petit, to Monscoudahoiict, to take there an Kngli.-liman who belonged there; the savages having told him th.r thi? English had traded attlx^ Cape St. Zamhre. [''French Documents," Vol. 4, p. 505.] 34. Summary of a letter of the Sieur de Villieu^ to the Minister. 20th October, 1700. He has ser' to the Governor of New England, to in- quire after the new converted French, who had fled from Chibouctou, where they had been settled by i he company of the Pesche Sedentaire, [permanent fisheries] and who had taken away the goods ot this Company. Monsieur tlie Count Bellaraont, happening to be away upon the arrival of his messenger, the Governor at Boston, had said to him for his complete answer, that he ought to know that thieves would find protection in a foreign king- dom. He ha«» permitted one called Basset, a Frenchman, mar- ried at Boston, to go there in search of his Avife, in accord- ance with the instruction that His Majesty has given him. He has charged him to inform the people of that place who are the fishermen of Molue, [near by] the coast of Acadia, that His Majesty is willing to permit it to them if they take a passport of the Govei-nor of Acadia, viseed by the Sieur de Goutins, secretary of the King, on the payment of a ce^-t-iin fee, in proportion to the size of the vessels, upon cov lition of receiving some French upon their ship. — but he doubts whether they will accept this last condition, and he believes that it will be more suitable to take, in the beginning, some English seamen upon the French vessels, MSB ra ..:.'I^.J4 IMAGE EVALUATiON TEST TARGET (MT-3) " #^ O 1.0 I.I 1^128 |2.5 f ■« US WUu I 11.25 U III.6 .- 6" Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREiT WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 873-4303 4^ ^4^ Wo i k ^ ^ o \ I 282 DOCUMENTARY. in order to render our people capable of carrying on this fishing. He complains of the trade that the Sieur de St. Castin, a gentleman settled at Pentagoet, which is the land near- est to the English, has liad with the English from Boston, and the small hamlets upon the coast, to whom he had car- ried furs, and had carried back in payment English goods, which hindered the sale of the French. The said Sieur de St. Castin, and the Missionary at Pentagoet, have absolute control over the savages of this country, who have refused this year the presents of His Majesty, that the late Sieur de Viilebon had charged him to carry to them, not having found them sufficiently great. The said Sieur de Viilebon had charged him to drav/ a map of the river St. George, before going to Pentagoet. He has drawn it as accurately as he could, and has sent a copy. He besought him to concede to him the office of the said Sieur de Viilebon. He represents that he serves His Majesty since 1674, and that he has served in Flanders, in Germany, and in Catjilonia, and tflat having been taken by the English, during the last war, he had acquired much familiarity with them. Note hy the Minister. The missionary of Pentagoet has written that it is not out of contempt that the savages have refused the presents, but it was because the said Sieur de Villieu, wished at the same time to sell them brandy, which they did not wish to purchase, foreseeing the excess into which they fall when they are intoxicated. During the war, the King relied upon the annual sum of four thousand livres, to be spent in purchasing ammuni- tion — reduced after the peace to four hundred and fifty livres, to make presents to the chiefs alone. If the war was renewed it would be necessary to sustain this colony against the English — upon whom they have waged a sanguinary war, which has obliged them to be con- tinually upon the defensive. (Written to St. Castin.) [" French Documents," Vol. 5, p. 23.] ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 55. 283 35 Ahridijment of a Letter of Monsieur de Brouillau to the Minuter. Port Royal, 30 October, 170T. HaviiijEf anived at Port Royal he caused the inhabitants to assemble in order to propose to them that they should make efforts to protect themselves from the insults of the English. He found them at first opposed to this opinion — believing that it was a bondage which he wished to impose iipon them, having told him very freely that they would not assist if it were for an alliance — saying arrogantly that they would prefer being with the English ; but he found means of bringing them back, and as soon as they con- sented to whjit he desired, he went, without waste of time, to the river St. John, the fort of which appeared very odious to him ; and with the aid of the equipage of the fleet of the Gironde, which Sieur de Maurville gave him he razed the fortifications to the dust. He put on board this fleet all that could serve for the construction of a new fort at Port Royal, where he canied it all. All the Religious Superiors who are missionaries to Acadia obtained a salary which the King gives them, so that these poor missionaries finding themselves without it, they were not obliged to abandon them. He begs that he may order those things which Sieur Monte delivered to them, to be sent to them by the King's vessels. The missionary of the Malassiies prays them to make it convenient for him to make his abode at Passamaquoddy, which is much more accessible to Port Royal than the place where he actually resides. This missionary hopes to persuade these savages to cultivate the soil at this place, and to devote themselves to fishing, whereby they would be less miserable. The Sieur Gaulin, who has charge of the mission of Pentagoet, appears very pious, and strongly desirous of keeping the savages in the interests of France. The Sieur Guay, late missionary at Pentagoet, returned to Rochefcrt, pursuant to the orders which he had received. He appears to be a good priest, and an upright man. It is certain that Father Bigot, who has charge of the 284 DOCUMENTARY. mission at Kennebec, has not the same opinions, not hav- ing forbidden the savages to converse with the English, who have gone so far as to receive presents and promises of making peace with them, which would have been done, but that the English had wished to exact from them that they should have no more communication with the French, which had prevented, the savages from deciding ; but no one knows Avhether they had done it since. The Sieur de St. Castin, whom they accuse of carrying on trade with the English, returns to France, to render an account of his conduct. It is certain that he has kept in the interests of France the savages of the frontier where he dwells ; and as these savages have confidence in him, he is very capable of keeping them there. The Sieur de St. Castin would request a grant upon the river de la Point au Hestre ; he believes that it is joroper to concede it to him, having a design to establish a fishery in Molue, and to remove the savages there. It appears to him of conseqi^nce to continue to give presents to the savages of the frontier, to hinder them from taking vengeance upon the party of English who have established within their reach store-houses, where they would be able to carry the goods that were necessary to them, and this expense is afterwards levelled upon all the English colony. He has not believed it necessary, this year to make any attempt upon the English, who have made a fishery upon the coast of Acadia, not being in a condition to sustain Avhat ought to be done, but as it appears to him that the English would not abstain from this fishery, according to the answer whic' the delegate from Boston had made to a letter which he had written to my Lord Bellamont, he is disposed to take some of their boats next summer. The officer, whom he had dispatched to Boston to carry this letter, told iiim that they had made new fortifications at the entrance of that Port, that he saw there three ves- sels of war, and that he believed from the report that they expected two others, with the Governor-General for New England, and for New York. Monsieur I'Evesque savs the Jesuits have left. ['' French Documents," Vol. 5, p. 10-3, et seq.] not hav- English, promises een clone, om them with the deciding ; ;e. [irrying on render an as kept in tier where !e in him, ieur de St. e hi Point I cede it to dolue, and xe to give nder them igHsh who ses, where ! necessary II u[)on all make any (hery upon Ito sustain in that the cording to made to a fiont, he is sr. |)n to carry •tiiications three ves- that they Id for New ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 285 36. Substance of a letter from the Sieiir de St. Castin. La Rochelle, 21 November, 1701. He has gone to France, to justify his conduct as regards the complaints that have been made that he traded with the English. He grants that residing upon the frontier of the colony, where no Frenchman has carried thus far any goods, and not having been permitted to buy at Quebec or in New- foundland, he has been obliged to take them from the English for his most urgent wants, and that he has no other traffic with them than this. ["French Documents," Vol. 5, p. 109.] 37. Memoranda of tilings necessary to have at PescadouS,for the month of October — by the Sieur de St. Castin. [Not dated.] 6,000 lbs. of powder. 8,000 musket-balls. 30,000 selected gunflints. 3,000 firewads (firebours.) 1,000 aleves ^ point carr^e. 1,000 clasp-knives. 1,000 " aulues melis" for sails, tents, and sacks. 1,000 axes. 30 lbs. of thread. 15 " " measured thread. 10 lines. 125 barrels of bacon of 200 lbs. 5,000 " quentos" of sea-biscuit. 4,000 lbs. of lead, for fowlers. 1,000 lbs. of Brazillian tobacco. 3,000 " quentos" of meaL 700 bushels of peas. 10 barrels of brandy. 100 bushels of salt. ["French Documents," Vol. 5, p. 147.] 37 , - - • - - 286 DOCUMENTARY. 38. Substance of a Letter from M. de Subcrcase. Tort Royal, October 25, 1706. ^F ^ff ^p ^^ *i* ^^ It is ver}' important always to have a man of character amongst the savages, to watch over their conduct in order to give him information of it. Tlie son of tlie Sieur de St. Castin, is very suitable for that, because his mother is of their nation, and besides he is a very wise and very capa- ble young gentleman. He proposes to gi-ant him a com- mission of Second Lieutenant, in the Navy, with the saliuy, and he is certain that no one in the colony will better earn .his money than he. * * * * ["French Documents," Vol. 5, p. 307.] S9. Summary of a Letter from M. dp Subercase to the Minister. At Port Royal, in Acadia, July 26, 1707. T^ ^^ ^f ^p 7|t ^^ ^fr The Sieur de St. Castin when he had put [himself, or some one] at the head of the inhabitants there had per- fectly well performed his duty. 'J'he savage Canibas, and those of Pentagciet, tired of waiting for the assistance of the Frenc'i, fiom Acadia, have taken the road to New York, where they have made a treatv. This has sent them back with the Iroquois, so that it is to be feared that it engages them all to wage war against the French. He sees no other way of Avavding off this blow, than to furnish these first savages with goods, at the same rate, almost, at which the English give them to them, and he designs to carry to Pentagoet, and to Ken- nebec, some provisions and 4 or oOO of goods, in order to give them to them at a fixed price. ["French Documents," Vol. 5, p. 343.] ■ 40. Transcript from the Register of the Parish of St. Jean Bap- tists, at Port Royal. ^^ - ^r^ ^ '<,■■■■;'. - "31, Oct. 1707. Gaulin, Missionnry priest of the Sem- inary of <<^uebec, being at Port Royal, married Anselra do ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 287 St. Castin, bavon dc St. Custin, son of Sieur Jean Vincent-,, baron de St. Custin, and of Dame Matiiilde, of the parish of the 'Sainte faniille,' at Pentagoet, and damoiselle Char- lotte TAmours, dauyhter of St. Louis d' Amours, ensign of a company at Port Royal, etc. "4, Dec. 1707. Married le Sieur Alexander le Borgne, de Belleisle, (etc.) to the damoiselle Anastasie de St. Cas- tin, fiUe du Sieur Vincent, ecuyer, baron de St. Castin et de dame Mathilde. "4, Dec. 1707. Philip de Ponbomcou is married to Thcrese de St. Castin, daughter of the Baron and of Dame Marie Pidianiskgc." [From "Centennial Celebration at Bangor" p. 24, Note.] 41. Letter of L'Auverjat to Father de La Chasae. Panouamske*, July 8, 1728. Very dear Brother : The insolence of the Messrs. de St. Castin has como to be so excessive tliat they no longer set bounds to it, in their conduct to me, or before God. The elder, who does not care to marry, and not satislied with spreading corruption through the whole village, in addition to that, now makes a business of selling brandy, openly, in company with his nephew, the son of Monsieur de Belle Isle. 'L'hey have been the means of one man being drowned, already, on account of it, and are like to be the destruction of many others. The younger of the Messrs. de St. Castin never comes into the village, without getting drunk in public, and putting the whole village in an up- roar. Both of them, prompted by tlie supplies they receive, pretend to be on my side, and in the interests of the King ; but behind my back, they do not cease to work against me, and to oppose every enterprise I undertake in the service of God and the King. Excessively puffed up with the commission and with the salary they have obtained from the King, through M. de Vaudreuil, the earth is not good enough tor them to stand upon. They believe that they have a right, through tliis commission, to rule, absolutely, and to seize and dis- •Supposed to be Oldtown. 288 DOCUMENTARY. pose of everything at their will ; and if any one thinks of opposing them, they threaten him with nothing less than def.th or massacre. They are going to Canada ; and they will not fail to boast of their services, and to seem very much attached to the interests of the colony. But here is what I believe before God. That, before the savages had begun the war against the English, they did everything in the world they could, to prevent their undertaking it — and this in spite of all the exhortations I made to the savages, on the part of M. de Vaudreuil, and notwithstanding all that M. de Vaudreuil himself had said io them. That, after I had, in spite of them, engaged the savages to determine upon a war against the English, they broke np the first expedition I had formed, and prevented it from starting. That, after I had organized another war-party, and had sent it off, they stopped it on the way, and would have absolutely prevented the war frOTn breaking out, if I had not gone down to the sea-shore and persuaded my people to proceed with it. That, not having been able to prevent the attacks upon the English, they pretended to be neutral (except that they made money out of the booty taken from the English, and that for two whole years) on the pretext that they were Frenchmen and not natives. That, when they could no longer abstain from deciding for one side or the other — M. de Vaudreuil having given them to understand, particularly, that their qualities as Frenchmen did not take from them their rights and, con- sequently, their duties, as savages — the younger, actually and in earnest, did go on an expedition, and signalized himself; but the elder contented himself with showing himself once only, and, although he received a hundred affronts from the English, by whom he was taken twice, by treachery, and robbed, yet far from dreaming of taking revenge on them, he has sought their protection and asked favors of them. That, towards the end of the war, when I went to Canada, by your orders — the English having sent a hostage here, during my absence, to propose peace — the Messrs. de St. Castin were the first to suggest that a favorable answer should be nade to the English, and disbanded an expedi- ANTE-REVOLUTIONABY PERIOD. 289 thinks of ess than )t fail to ached to I believe ainst the could, to )fall the of M. de V^audreuil le savages ley broke jvented it , and had ould have ,, if I had my people ;acks upon ^ccept that e English, that they 1 deciding ang given ualities as and, con- jr, actually signalized \ showing a hundred Ikeu twice, of taking ction and tion that had just set out, by my orders, to make i-eprisals on the English, wlio had treacherously sent an expedition against us, the previous winter, while at another point they assured us against peace.* That, since that time, these same gentlemen have not ceased to urge the savages to make peace with the English, and to accept their propositions, without caring what the French might think about it. All this I am positively certain about, and am ready to make oath to, and this, added to all the other irregularities that these gentlemen are guilty of, such as selling at false weight and at false measure, cheating people so out of one-quarter to one-third of all they buy, is sufficient reason that their pay should be stopped, and that what they have not drawn of their salary should be confiscated. [ From Historical Magazine, Vol. 2d, 3d Ser. No. 3, p. 126 et seq.] *Mr. Prcutiss Uiiiikii tliis to have been the Ilcuth ExpciUtiou. I to Canada, stage here, tsrs. de St. ale answer 1 an expedi- m 200 DOCUMENTARY. II. DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE REVOLU- TIONARY P7<:RI0D. 1. Calef^s Journal of the Siege.* The Siege of Penobscot by the Rebels ; eoiitainin and came to \x\\ anchor in the bay without. The King's ships suffiired only in their digging. The fire of the Enemy \v as random and irregular ; and their nuuiamvres as to backing and filling, bespoke confusion, particulaiiy in the first division, which scarcely got from the line of fire when the secon(' began to engage. The second and third division j appeared to have but one object in view, that of cutting the springs of the men of war, to swing them from the bearings of their broadsides, and thereby to afford an entrance into the harbour. During the cannonade with the shipping, the Enemy made an attempt to land their troops on Bagwaduce, but were repulsed with some loss. On the retreat of the Enemy's troops and ships, the garri- son manned their works, and gave three cheers to the men of war, which were returned ; and soon after, the general and field officers went down to the beach, and also gave three cheers, which were returned from the ships. Guaid- boats, and ship's companies, during the night, lay at their quarters. July 26. At 10 A. M., the Enemy's ships got under •So called from being fbe work of the Seamen only. 38 mm 294 DOCUMENTARY. weigh, and, formino their divisions as yesterday, stood in and engaged the King's ships four gh\sses and a half. The damages sustained this da}', also, were chiefly in the rigging at the extreme ends of the ships ; and the fire of the F.nemy appears again to be directed to the moorings ; Avhich attempt not proving successful, they bore up and anchored without. The Enemy again attempted to land their troops, but were driven back with some little loss. At 6 P. M., the Enemy having stationed two l)rig8 of four- teen guns and one sloop of twelve, on the east side of Nautilus island, landed 200 men and dislodging a party of twenty marines, took possession of four 4-poundei-s (two not mounted,) and a small quantity of ammunition. At 9 P. M., it being found that the Enemy were very busy at work, and that they had landed some heavy artillery, which they were getting up to the heights of the island, and against which the men of war could not act in their present station, " was judged expedient iK) move them further up the rivfc This was accordingly done, and the line formed as before; the transports moved up at the same time, and anchored with the men of war. Guard-boats, and the ship's companies, as usual, \ying at their quarters. July 27. Pretty quiet all this day. A few shots from some ships of the Enemy were aimed at the small battery on Majabigwaduce point; which were returned with a degree of success, one ship having been driven from her station. Observed the Enemy very busy in ei-ecting their battery on Nautilus Island. The garrison being much in want of cannon, some guns from the transports, and from the o^-side of the men of war, were landed, and, being dragged by the seamen up to the fort, were disposed of for ita use. At 3 p. M., a boat, passiag from the Enemy's ships to Nautilus island, was sunk by a random shot from the fort. At 11 p. M., the guard boats frcm the Kings ships fell in and exchanged a few shot with the Enemy's. July 28. At 8 A. m., under cover of their ship's fire, the Enemy made good t'lxcir landing on Majabigwaduce, and, from their great superiority of numbers, obliged the King's troops to retreat to the garrison. The Enemy's right pressed hard, and in force, upon the left of the King's troops, and attempted to cut off a party of men at tlie small battery; but the judgement and experience of a brave officer (Lieut. Caffrae, of the 82d.) counteracted their designs ; and a retreat was effected with all the order REVOLDTIONAHY PERIOD. s;95 and regularity necessnry on such occasions. An atten'pt was made to demolish the guns ; hut the Enemy pushed their force to this ground so ra{)idly as not to suffer it. The position of this battery afforded their ships a nearer station, on which they immediately seized. At U A. M., th"^ Enemy opened their battery of 18 and 12-poundei-s from Nautilus island, and kept up the whole day a brisk and well-directed fire against the men of war. The King's ships cannonaded the battery for two glasses, and killed some men at it ; but their light metal ( G-pounders) was found to be of little service, in comparison to the damage they sustained from such heavy metal brought against them. At 10 A. M., the Warren, of 82 guns, the Commodore's .ship, which as yet had not been in action, got under weigh, and, with three more ships, showed an appearance of entering the harbour, but hauled by the wind at a long shot distance. A brisk fire was kept up for half an hour, when the Enemy bore up, and came to anchor again without. The Warren suffered considerably ; her mainmast shot through in two places, the gammoning of her bowsprit cut to pieces, and her fore-stay shot away. Their confusion appeared to be great, and very nearly occasioned her getting on shore ; so that they were ol/liged to let go an anchor, and drop into the inlet between Majabigwaduce head and the point, where the ship lay this and the next day, repairing her damages. The battery on the island still keeping up a heavy fire, and the ships' crews being exposed without the least benefit to the service, Captain Mowat thought proper to move further up the harbour, which was done in the night, and the line formed again ; he being firmly resolved to dispute the harbour to the last extremity, as on that entirely depended the safety of the gavrison, whose com- munication with the men of war was of the utmost impor- tance. The dispositions on shore and on the water co-oper- ating, and perfectly supporting each other, foiled the Enemy in their purposes; their troops were yet confined to a spot they could not move from ; and, while the Harbour was secure, their intention of making approaches, and invest- ing the fort on all sides, could by no means be put in exe- cution. The present station of the men of war being such as rendered it impossible for the Enemy's ships to act but at particular periods, the marines [whose service, in their particular line of duty, was not immediately re- quired ou board] were ordered on shore to garrison duty, 296 DOCUMFNTARY. holding themselves in readiness to embark at a moment's notice, which with ease they coukl have effected in ten or fifteen niinutes. Guard-boats as usual duiing the night. July 29. At 6 A. m., the Enemy's ships weighed, and, altering their positions, came to an anchor again. The state of the fortress requiring more cannon, some remain- ing off-side guns were landed from the men of war, and diagged by the seamen up to the fortress, for its use and that of the batteries ; and though the task, to be performed up a steep hill, over rocks and innumerable stumps of fallen trees, was laborious, yet their cheerfulness and zeal for the service, surmounted every difficulty. P. M. — The Enemy opened their batteries on the heights of Majabig- waduce, and kept up a warm and incessant fire against the fortress. The commanding ground of the Enemy's works, and the short distance from the fortress, gave them some advantages with their grape, as well as round shot, which considerably damaged the store-hcuise in the garrison. Six pieces of cannon at the naif-moon battery, near Bank's house, and which belonged to the fortress, being now found necessary foi- its particular defence, were moved up to it, and replaced with some ship's guns, under the di- rection of the gunner of the Albany^ with a jjarty of sea- men. Captain Mowat having obtained intelligence, that the Enemy, in despair of reducing the King's ships by means of their own, or of getting possession of the harbour, had come to the resolution of joining their whole force in troops, marines, and seamen, to storm the fortress the next morning at daybreak, he judged it expedient to reinforce the garrison with what seamen could be conveniently spared ; and, for this purpose, at the close of the evening, 140 men, under the command of Lieut. Brooke, were sent into gariison : part of these were immediately detached to reinforce the troops on the outline piquets, others manned the facing of their own bastion, while the remainder were busily employed in raising cavaliers in the fort. In all these operations, a brotherly affection appeared to unite the forces, both by sea and land, and to direct their views all to one point, much to their credit, and to the honour and benefit of the service. During the night the Enemy threw a number of shells into the fortress: At 10 p. M., a few shot between the Enemy's guard-boats and those from the King's ships. July 30. The Enemy's ships preserve their disposition REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 297 noment's in ten or :ie night, hetl, and, in. The e remain- war, and use and )erformed tumps of and zeal M.— rhe INIajabig- gainst the y's works, hem some jot, which ison. Ltery, near •ess, being ere moved der the di- rtv of sea- fence, that by means hour, had e force in is the next reinforce ivenienlly |e evening, were sent etached to rs manned lider were it. In all tl to unite Iheir views :e honour [he Enemy P. M., a ;hose from lispositiou of yesterday. A brisk cannonade the whole day, between the fortress and the Enemy's batteries on the height; and a number of shells thrown on botli sides. The store-hoiises being api^rehended to be in danger, some seamen were ordered to move tlie provisions out of the fortress into the ditch in its rear ; as likewise a quantity at another store- house. Guard-boats as usual. July 31. At 2 A. M., the seamen and marines of the Enemy's fleet, landed to the westward of the half-moon battery, and, under cover of the night, attacked the piquet, and by heavy platoon firing, obliged them to retreat ; but an ajert reinforcement of fifty men Avho, were detached from the garrison, under the command of Lieut. Graham of the 82d regiment, to the support of the piquet, drove the Enemy back with some loss — in killed, wounded and taken, amounting in the whole, according to the best in- formation, to about 100; the loss on the part of the King's forces, amounting to thirteen killed, wounded and miss- ing, fell chiefly on the seamen and marines, who composed the piquet this night. Lieut. Graham unfortunately re- ceived a dangerous wound in this action. August 1. A slack fire on all sides. At 4 P. m., the Enemy's fleet getting under weigh, and the wind and tide serving them to enter the harbour, the embodied seamen were immediately called on board their respective ships ; but it afterwards appeared that the Enemy only weighed to form a closer line. Guard-boats as usual. August 2. At 10 A. M.,. three of the Enemy's ships weighed, and came to anchor nearer the harbour's mouth. Some cannonading between the fortress and the Enemy's batteries on tbe height. The outer magazine of the fortress being too much exposed, as l.ying in front and between the two fires, the marines were charged with the duty of bring- ing it to the magazine in the fortress, which was performed without any loss. P. M. A flag of truce from the Enemy, to treat for the exchange of a lieutenant of their fleet, taken (wounded) at the half-moon battery, on the 31st ult. ; but he had died of his wounds this morning. This day the Enemy posted some marksmen behind trees, within musket shot of the fortress, and killed and wounded some sentinels. August 3. A slack fire the whole day. Perceived the Enemy busy in erecting a battery to the northward, on the main, above the King's ships. By a deserter from ■ 298 DOCUiSIENTART. the Enemy's fleet, we learn, the force landed helow the half-moon hattery was 1000 seamen and marines, joined on their landing hy 200 troops; that their intentions were, to storm the fortress in the rear, while the army from the heisihts made their attack in front; that it was not in- tended to storm the half-moon battery, but that they had mistaken their load, in endeavoring to get in the rear of the fortress, when they received the first fire of the piquet ; which led them to suppose that their design had been dis- covered, and that they were ambushed. The army also, believing this to be the case, retreated to their ground. At 2 P. M., some seamen were sent to the fortre3s to assist in working the caimon, and another party for the defence of the Seamen's bastion, where a number of swivels from the men of war were planted, loaded with grape shot, as a precaution against any attempt of the Enemy to storm the works. By request of the General, a number of pikes were also brought from^the King's ships to the fortress, and put hi the hands of the seamen, to prevent the enemy from boarding their bastion. Guard-boats out as usual. August 4. The Enemy's ships retain their former situation. A smart cannonading between the fortress and the batteries on the heights, j\nd a great number of shells thrown on both sides. Some ship's buckets for the nse of the garrison brought on shore, in case the fascines at the well bastion, or store-houses, might be fired by the Enemy's shells. At 9 a. m., the Enemy opened their new battery near Wescoat's hovise, on the main, to the north- ward of the shipping. A brisk fire was kept up the whole day, and the men of war suft'ered much in their rigging and hulls; being too far from the battery for the light metal of the ships to produce any efi'ect, their companies were ordered below. P. M. Some skirmishing between the piquets, and trifling losses on both sides ; on the Enemy's, some Indians were killed. During the day, several accidents happened by cannon shot in the fort: among others, the boatswain of the Nautilus was wounded by grape, and a seaman belonging to the North killed by an 18-pounder, at the guns they were stationed at in the fortress. August 5. Cannonading the greatest part of the day between the fortress and the Enemy's batteries on the height, and iiom the north battery against the men of .'^B' I'^KL REVOLUTION AKY PERIOD. 299 war, damagincf their hulls and rifru^ing. A. M. The remaining off-side guns from His Majesty's sloop North brought on shore, and mounted in the cavalier in the fortress. P. M. The garrison, being much in want of wads and matcli, was sui)plied from the men of war, as also with some six-pound shot, together with a quantity of twelve-pound shot, in which it is deficient. The north battery on the main having the commmand of the opposite shore on the peninsula of Majabagwaduce, where the Enemy, under its protection, might make lodgments in their approaches towards the heights opposite the men of Wfi" and within shot of the fortress, and might thereby destroy communication l)etween them and the garrison; Captain Mowat judged it necessary to erect a work in order to preserve this communication ; a square redoubt was therefore marked out, to be manned with fifty sea- men, and to movmt eight ship's guns en barbette. Guard- boats as usual during the night. August 6. Slack fire between the fortress and bat- teries on the heights ; and a few shot from the north battery against the men of war, cutting their rigging, and dismounting a six-pounder on board the North. At four A. M., seventy seamen from the different shi[)S, under the direction of I^ieut. Brooke, of the North, sent on shore to raise the Seamen's redoubt on the' height. P. M. A quantity of musquet cartridges (of which the garrison was in want) brought on shore from the men of war. Guard- boats as usual. At 11, a few shot exchanged between the Guard-boats. August 7. The Enemy's ships preserve their positions. At 9 A. M., three of their brigs got under weigh, and stood down the bay, supposed to be on the lookout. Some skirmishing between the piquets, with loss to the Enemy. Lieut. McNeil, of the 82d, and one private, wounded. Slack fire between the batteries and the fortress, and the north battery perfectly silent. At 4 P. m., discovered a boat crossing the southeast bay to Hainey's plantation, where the Enemy kept a piquet. Lieut. Congalton, of the Nmttilu8, chaces with the boats from the men of war, and took her ; but her crew, with those of a whale boat, and a gondola for transporting cannon, got safe on shore, and joined tiie piquet. Capt. Farnham, of the Nmttilus, with Lieut. Brooke and fifty seamen, joined by a party of soldiers iroiu the garrison, landed and Bcoured the woods ; soo DOCUMENTARY. the Enemy fled immediately, and so effectnally concealed themselves as not to be discovered ; some had left their arms, ammunition and blankets, which were taken and brought on board. Guard-boats as usual during the night. By a deserter from the Enemy we learn that General Lovell had sent out small parties from his army round the country, and brought in a great number of loyal inhabit- ants, who were sent on board their fleet, and thrust down the holds, heavily laden with irons, both on the hands and feet ; their milch cows, and other stock, killed for the Enemy's use ; all their moveables destroyed or plundered, and their wives and children left destitute of every support of life. August 8. A constant cannonade the whole day be- tween the fortress and the Enemy's battery on the heights ; and from the north battery against the men of war, but returned only with a musquet. ^At 10 A. M., the Enemy brought a field-piece to play from the main on the seamen working at the redoubt ; but the facing towards the Enemy being the first raised, for the purpose of covering the party, it was impossible to dislodge them ; and a covering party daily attend! .g from the garrison, pre- vented a nearer approach on any other ground. This evening the redoubt was finished, and, to the credit of the seamen, met with the approbation of the General and Engineers. Guard-boats as usual during the night. August 9. Cannonading as usual. At 9 A. M., a new battery on the left of the Enemy's lines, was opened agaiuot the fortress, and its chief fire, as well as the shells, directed against the northwest bastion, raised with fas- cines only. P. M. — Discovered the Enemy had moved their piquet from Hainey's plantation and given up their design of carrying on a work for two 18-pounders against the men of war. Guard-boats as usual during the night. August 10. The Enemy's ships in their former posi- tion. A slack fire on all sides ; and nothing material. August 11. A smart cannonading from all the batteries, and some shot from the north battery well directed at the men of war. August 12. Slack fire on all sides, and no material op- erations the whole day; but at 9 P. M., a large body of sea- men and marines, from the Enemy's fleet, landed below Banks' house to the westward, and setting a fire to some \ REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 801 !oncealed left their iken and he night. ; General •ound the 1 inhabit- iist down lands and d for the ilundered, y snpport e day be- 3 heights ; : war, but le Enemy- he seamen vards the I covering m ; and a rison, pre- nd. This idit of the neral and ;ht. M., a new IS opened the shells, with fas- id moved up their rs against the night, iner posi- lerial. 1 batteries, Led at the terial op- [;ly of sea- id below to some barns, houses, and a quantity of lumber, boards, &c., on the beach, retreated to their ships again. August 13. Some skirmishingat daybreak, between the piquets, but no material loss on either side. At 1 P. M., came in some deserters from the Enemy's ships, who say, the boat chaced on shore at Hainey's plantation had in her the Commodore and some officers of their fleet, who, hav- ing escaped, returned to their ships, after lying two days and a night in the woods ; that one of the officers (Capt. Ross of the Monmouth) had broke his leg in the woods ; and that they were much disconcerted at the loss of the gondola, which was intended to carry over somelS-pounders to the battery on the plantation. Captain Mowat also (by his usual diligence) obtained information, that a degree of mutiny prevailed in the Enemy's fleet against their Com- modore, who, notwithstanding the resolves of several councils of war, and the urgent solicitations of the General to make another attempt on the King's ships had hitherto declined it through fear of losing some ships ; but that, in consequence of another council held this morning on board the Warren, it was determined to force the harbour next tide, and take or destroy the men of Avar; that five ships were destined for this service, one of which was the War- ren ; but that the Putnam, of twenty guns, was to lead ; and that each ship was doubly manned with picked men. This information was confirmed at noon by five of their fleet getting under weigh, and coming to an anchor in a line, the Putnam being the headmost ship. The marines were now called on board their respective ships, the barri- cades strengthened, guns double-shotted, and every dispo- sition made for the most vigorous defence. The St. Helena transport had been brought into the line, and fitted out with what guns could be procured, and the crews of the transports (now scuttled and laid on shore, to prevent them from falUng into the Enemy's hands) turned on board to fight her, and the General had also advanced five pieces of cannon, under cover of an (jpaulement, to salute them as they came in. But at 5 P. M., the appearance of some strange sails in the offing, disconcerted the Enemy's plan ; and the five ships, getting under weigh again, stood off and on the whole night. Guard-boats watching the motions of the Enemy's fleet; and the ships' companies standing at their quarters until daylight. 29 This night had been fixed 802 DOCUMENTARY. upon to storm the north battery, with sixty seamen, under the command of Lieut. Brooke, supported by Lieut. Caffrae, of the 82d, with fifty soldiers ; but the Enemy's operations, and the appearance of the strange fleet, pre- vented the execution of it. August 14. At daybreak this morning it was discovered that the Enemy had during the night, moved off their can- non, and quitting the heights of Majabigwaduce, silently embarked in small vessels. At 4 a. m., after firing a shot or two, they also evacuated Nautilus island; and leaving their cannon spiked and dismounted, got on board a brig lying to receive them, and made sail with the transports up the Penobscot river. The whole fleet got under weigh, and upon one of tlie brigs heaving in sight, off the har- bour's mouth, with various signals abroad, they bore up with all sail after the transnprts. There remaining now no doubt but the strange fleet was the relief expected, the off-side guns of the Albany, North, and Nautilus, were got down from the fortress, and being taken on board, the three ships slijtped their stern moorings, hove up their bower anchors, and working out of the harbour, joined in about the centre of the King's fleet, in pursuit of tiie flying Enemy, who were now crowding with every sail they could set. The Hunter, and Hampden, tuo of the Enemy's ships, of twenty guns each, attempted to escape through the passage of Long Island, but were cut off and taken; the former ran in shore, all standing, and was instantly deserted by her crew, who got safe on shore; and the Raiaonable, Sir George Collier, being the stern most ship in the fleet, took possession, and got her off, and came to anchor near her. The rest of His Majesty's ships con- tinued in chace of the Enemy, until it grew so dark, as to render the narrow navigation exceedingly dangerous ; and then were obliged to anchor for the night, while the Enemy, having good pilots, ran some miles further up the river. The Defiance brig, of fourteen guns, ran into an in- let, where she could not be pursued, and was set on fire by her crew. During the night the Enemy set fire to several ships and brigs, which blew up with vast explosions. In short, the harmony and good understanding that subsisted amongst the forces by sea, and by land, enabled them to effect almost prodigies, for so ardently did they vie with each other in the general service, that it may be truly said, not a single Oflficer, Sailor, "or Soldier, was once seen to REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 303 len, under by Lieut. 3 Enemy's fleet, pre- rliscovered ' their can- ce, silently I'ing a shot id leaving oard a brig 1 transports ider weigh, )ff thehar- ey bore up aining now :pected, the 18, were got board, the re up their ir, joined in ■)i the flying fy sail they ;he Enemy's ape through and taken; as instantly )re ; and tiie •nmost ship ,nd came to ships con- dark, as to gerous; and while the i-ther up the n into an in- jet on fire by re to several jlosions. In bat subsisted lied them to ,ey vie with le truly said, ince seen to shrink from his duty, difficult and hazardous as it was. The flynig scout oi fifty men, commanded by Lieut. CaftVae, of the 82d, in particular, distinguished themselves to admira- tion, marching frequently almost round the peninsula, both by day and by night, and with drum and fife playing the tune called Yankee, which greatly dispirited the Knemy, and prevented their smi.ll parties from galling our men at their works. In one instance, they even drove back to their encampmei. , 300 of the Enemy, who had been sent to storm an out-work. The manoeuvres of the Three Sloopa of War, under the direction of Captain Mowat, were, moreover, such as enabled the King's forces to hold out a close siege of twenty -one days, against a fleet and army, of more than six times their number, and strength; insomuch that, on the first appearance of the reinforcement from New York, in the offing, the Enemy debarked their troops, and sailed with their whole fleet up Penobscot river, where they burnt their shipping, and from thence marched to their respective homes : and the loyal inhabitants, who were taken in the time of the siege, and were cruelly treated on board their ships, had their irons taken ofi", and were set at liberty.* Thus did this little Garrison, with Three Sloops of War, by the unwearied exertions of Soldiers, and Seamen, whose bravery cannot be too much extolled, under the judicious conduct of Officers, whose zeal is hardly to be paralleled, succeed in an enterprise of great importance, against diffi- culties apparently insurmountable, under circumstances ex- ceedingly critical, and in a manner strongly expressive of their faithful and spirited attachment to the interests of their King and Country. *" To give them a cool nirinR, as the Enemy called it, once a day the irons were knocked off their feet, and they were put into a boat alongside the ship, where they remained about an hour, and had the filth of the ship poured upon their heads." •i 304 DOCUMENTARY. 2. A List of the Enemy's Ships, &c., taken and destroyed in Penobscot Kiver.'*- [By Calcf.] Niinius. ConimunderM. Ouns. No. of Men. Metal. JShipa. Wiirren, Siiltonstiill, 32 250 18 & 12 Burnt. Sully, Holmes, 22 200 0&6 tlo Piitniiin, Waters, 20 130 do Jloctor, Cairnn, 20 130 9 do Kcveiige, Il.illett, 20 120 6 do Monmouth, KOHH, 20 100 (t do Hiiinpilcn, Salter. 20 130 9t^0 Taken. Hunter, Hrown, 20 130 6 do VoiigeHnec, Tliomaa, IS 140 9&6 Burnt. B luk Prince, West, IS lOO (t do Sky llocket, Burke, ♦ 16 120 6 do Brigs. Hiizni'd, Williams, 18 100 6 do Active, 16 100 6 do 'J'yrannic'iilc, Cathcart, 14 90 do Dctiiince, 14 00 6 do Diligeueo, Brown, 14 90 4 do Pailiis. Joliuytono, 14 SO 4 do Sloop. Providence, Hacker, 12 50 6 do 1. Killed, Avounded and taken— on the Enemy's side, .... Killed, wounded and niisiinsr of His Majesiy's Seu und .......... 474 dng of His Miijesiy's Seu und Lund forces, . .70 2. WUhDSail of Transport vessels taken. With 10 Sail of Transport lud OrdniMiee vessels, burnt. Tital 87 8. PROCLAMATION JBi/ Brigadier-General Francis M'iLean, and Andretv Bar- clay, Esq., commanding Detachments of His Majesty's Land and Naval Forces in the River Penobscot. "Whereas it is well known that there are in the several Colonies in North America, now in open rebellion, many persons who still retain a sense of their dnty, and who are only deterred from an open profession of it by the fear of becoming objects of cruel treatment, which they had seen exercised on others, by persons who, having plunged their country into the horrors and distresses it now labors under, industriously seize every opportunity of gratifying their avaricious and wicked dispositions, by the wanton oppres- sion of individuals : REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 805 destroyed .1. ■ 12 Burnt. ilo do do do do id Tiikt-n. do e6 Burnt. do do do do 1 do do do do do 474 md forces, ..70 tukt'U. burnt. 37 indreiv Bar- is Majesty's H. the several tllion, many uid who are the fear of iy had seen [unged their ibors under, lifying tlieir liton oppres- And whereas it hath been represented, that the greater part of the inhabitants on the river Penobscot, and the several ishmds therein, are well nffoeted to His Majesty's person, and the ancient constitntion under which tliey formerly flourished, and from the restoration of which they can alone expect relief from the distressed situation they are now in : Their Excellencies, tlie Commanders in Chief of His Majesty's naval and land forces in North America, taking the good dispositions of the inhabitants above mentioned (as represented to them) into their consideration, and desirous of enconraging and protecting the persons profess- ing them, and securing them from any molestation ou that account, have ordered here the forces under our respective commands for that i)urpose. We, therefore, in obedience to their directions, hereby invite, and earnestly reqnest, the inhabitants on river Penobscot, and the islands therein in general, to be the first to return to that state of good order and government to which the whole must, in the end, submit, and openly to profess that loyalty and allegiance from which they have been led to swerve by arguments and apprehensions, of the falsehood of which they must long ago have been sensible, as well as of the views of those who promoted them. We call on all those, also, in whom these principles have never been shaken, to embrace the present ojjpor- tunity of manifesting them without dread or apprehension, as we hereby assure them of every protection in the power of the forces under our respective commands to bestow. And, to quiet the apprehensions of any persons who might be deterred from embracing this opportunity by the dread of being punished for any former acts of rebellion which they may have been led to commit, we, hereby, declare that we will extend our protection, and give every encouragement, to all persons of whatever denomination, without any retrospect to their former behavior, who shall, within eight days from the date hereof, take the oaths of allegiance and fidelity to His Majesty, before such persons as we shall appoint, either at the headquarters of His Majesty's troops at Majabigwa- duce Neck, or at Fort Pownal ; which oaths of allegiance and fidelity we require all persons whatever to come and take within the required time, and not, by neglecting to give such testimony of their loyalty, give room to look 806 DOCUMENTARY. on them rs desirous of contimiii)g in nn obstinate and unavnilinjif rebellion, and subject theniselvea to the treat- ment such conduct deserves. To all persons, who, by returning to their allegiance, shall merit it, we not only promise protection and encouragement, with the relief that shall be in our power to alleviate their present distresses; but we also cleclare that we will employ the forces under our comnumd to punish all persons wliatevcr who shall attempt in any manner to molest them, either in person or property, on account of their condtict or loyalty towards us ; and if forced b}' their behavior to punish any men, or set of men, on the above mentioned account, we declare that we will dc it in such an exemplary manner as we hope will deter others from obliging us to have recourse to such severe means in future. And whereas, the inhabitants to whom this proclamation is addressed, as well as those in general settled in that part of the country called the Province of Maine, have settled themselves on lands, and cultivated them, without any grant or title by which their possessions can be secured to them or their posterity, we, therefore, declare that we have full power to promise, and we do hereby promise, that no person whatever, who shall take the oaths of allegiance as above required, and give such other testimony of their attachment to the constiution, as we, or other officers con^nianding His Majesty's forces, may re- quire, shall be disturbed in their possessions; but that whenever civil government tJikes place, they shall receive gratuitous grants from His Majesty (who alone has the power of giving them) of all lands they may hrve actually cultivated and improved. And whereas, the leaders of the present rebellion, in pursuit of the views which first instigated them to foment it, and probably to blind the people with regard to the cause of the severe distress under which they now labour, have industriously propagated a notion, that the officers of His Majesty's sea and land forces willingly add to their sufferings ; we, therefore, to remove such prejudices, and, as far as in us lies, to alleviate the misery of the inhabit- ants of the villages and islands along the coast of Nev England, hereby declare that such of them as behave themselves in a peaceable aud orderly manner, shall have REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 807 full liberty to fish in tluir ordiimi-y coiist-fishinp cnift, without any inolestution on our juirt; on the contrary^ they shall ho prott'cted in it hy all vessels and parties under our coniniand. Given on board His Majesty's Ship Blande, in Majabig- waduce river, the 15th of June, 1771). rSicnedl ^ FRANCIS McLEAN L^Jgneuj ^ ANDREW BAUKLAY. 4. PROCLAMATION. By Solomon Lovell, Esq.^ Brigadier-General and Com- mander in Chief of the Forces of the State of Massachusetts Bajj^ and employed on a7i Expedition against the Army of the King of Great Britain, at Peiiohscot. Whereas it hath been represented to Government, that an armament of some sea and land forces belonging to the King of Great Britain, under the encouragement of divers of the inhabitants of these parts, inimically disposed to the United States of America, have made a descent on Penobscot, and the parts adjacent; and, after propagating various false reports of a general insurrection of the Eastern and Northern Indians in their favour, a Proclama- tion has been issued on the lath of June last, signed Francis McLean and Andrew Barclay, said to be in behalf and by authority of said King, promising grants of lands which he never owned, and of which he has now forfeited the juris- diction by an avowed breach of that compact between him and his subjects, whereon said jurisdiction was founded, and terrifying by threatnings which his power in this land is unable to execute, unless his servants have recourse to their wonted methods of midnight jlaughter and savage devastation, all designed to induce the free inhabitants of this part of the State to submit to their power, and to take an oath of allegiance to their King, whereby they must greatly profane the name of God, and solemnly intangle themselves in an oV)ligation to give up their cattle, pro- visions, and labour, to the will of every officer pretending the authority of said King, and finally to take up arms against their brethren whenever called upon; and it appears some persons have been induced out of fear, and by the 808 DOCUMENTARY. -fi force of compulsion, to take said oath, who may so far be imposed on as to think themselves bound to act ia conformity thereto: I have thought proper to issue this Proclamation, here- by declarincf that the allegiance due to the ancient constitu- tion,, obliges to resist to the last extremity the present sys- tem of tyranny in the British Government, which has now overset it ; that by this mode of government the people have been reduced to a state of nature, and it is utterly unlawful to require any obedience to their forfeited author- ity ; and all acts recognizing such authority, are sinful in their nature ; no oaths promising it can be lawful ; since, if any act be sin itself no oath can make it a duty: the very taking of such an oath is a crime, of which every act adher- ing to it is a repetition with dreadful aggravations. In all cases where oaths are imposed, and persons com- pelled to submit to them, by threats of immediate destruc- tion, which they cannot otherwise avoid, it is manifest that, however obligatory they may be to the conscience of the compeller, whose inierest and meaning is thereby so sol- emnly witnessed, it can have no force on the compelled, whose interest was known by the compulsion itself, to be the very reverse of the words in which it is expressed. At the same time I do assure the iniiabitants of Penob- scot, and the country adjacent, that if they are found to be 80 lost to fill the virtues of good citizens, as to comply with advice of said pretended Proclamation, by becoming the first to desert the cause of freedom, of virtue, and of God, which the whole force of Britain, and all its auxiliaries, now find themselves unable to overthrow, they must expect also to be the first to experience the just resentment of this injured and betrayed Country, in the condign punishment which their treason deserves. From this punishment their invaders will be very unlike to protect them, as it is now known the}"^ are not able to protect themselves in cany part of America ; and as the protection, on v/hich those pro- claiming Gentlemen s.ny they have only power to promise, can be afforded by nothing but the forces wh" )h they com- mand, and of these forces by the blessing of God, I doubt not in a very short time, to be put in possession ; so there is no more reason to expect it from tlic Indian nations around, as good part of them are now in my encampment, and several hundreds more on their way speedily to join me ; and I have the best evidences from all the rest, that mii IIEVOLUTIONARY TEEIOD. 309 they steadfastly refuHed to accept of any presents, sign the jjapers, or lo any of the barbarous acts assigned tliom by our Enemies ; and, on the contrary, liohl themselves in readiness, on the shortest notice, to turn out for the defence of any place which these men may attack. Therefore, as the authority committed tome necerntates my executing my best endeavours to rid this mucli-al)used country, not only of its foreign, but also from its domestic e'^emies, I do therefore declare, tliat when, by the blessing of Heaven on t'le American arms, we siiall luive brought the forces that have invaded us to the state they deserve, it shall 1), and in the Fourth Year of the Independence of America. (Signed) S. LOVELL, Brig. Geiural. By Command of the General. (Signed) JOHN MARSTON, Secretary. 40 i^ 'UO DOCUMENTARY. 5. .^*r Copif of G-eneral LnvelVs Letter to Ooinmodorc Saltonstall; taken ivith other Papers on hoard the Transport. Head Quarters, Majabigwaduce Heights, ) M August 11, 1779. Sir: In this alarming posture of aifairs, I am once more obliged to re(iuest the most speedy service in your depart- ment; and tluit a moment he no longer delayed to put in execution what T have hqf n given to understand was the determination of your last council. The destruction of the Enemy's ships must he effected at any rate, although it might cost us half our own ; but I cannot possibly conceive that daiiger, or that the attempt will miscarry. I mean not to determine on your mode of attack; but it appears to me so very practicable, that any further delay must be infiimous; and I have it this moment by a deserter from one of their ships, that the moment you ent ir the harbour they will destroy them ; which will effect- ually answer our purpose. The idea of more batteries against them v. as sufficiently reprobated; and, would the situation of ground admit of such proceeding, it would noio take up dam/erous time ; and we have already experienced their obstinacy in that respect. You cannot but be sensible of my ardent desire to co-operate with you ; and of this the guard at Westcot's is a sufficient proof, and which, 1 think, a hazardous distance from my encampment. My situation is confined ; and while the Enemy's ships are safe, the operations of the army cannttt possibly be extended an inch beyond the present limits; the altei'native now remains, to destroy the ships, or raise the siege. The information of the British ships at the Hook (probably sailed before this) is not to be despised ; not a moment is to be lost; we must determine instantly, or it may be productive of disgrace, loss of ships and men ; as to the troops, their retreat is secure, although I would die to save the necessity of it. I feel for the honor of America, in an expedition which a nobler exertion had long before this crowned with suc- cess; and I have now only to repeat the absolute necessity Itonstall; ITS 1779 0.1 ince more 111- depart- 1 to put in id Avas the 06 effected )wn; but I he attempt 11- mode of e, that any liis moment ;iomentyoii , will effect- sufficiently xl admit of tme; and lat respect, co-operate a sufficient e from my while the rmy cannot ent limits; ps, or raise lips at the |e despised; iustiintly, is and men ; Uh I would lition which Id with suc- Ite necessity REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 311 of undertaking? the destruction of the ships, or quitting the place ; and with these opinions I shall, imi)atiently, wait your answer. I am, Sir, Yours, &c. [Signed.] S. LOVELL, Brig. General. To Commodore Saltonstull. 6. POSTSCRIPT. [To Doctor Calef's Journal.] Inasmuch as the Country of Penobscot has, till lately, been but little known or considered by Britons, the Editor [John Calef] has thought proper to give the Public the following short Account of it ; having of late years trav- elled eight times through the same, and made himself acquainted with the most respectable persons in each Town, and with the minutest circumstances which respect that District. Penobscot, sometimes called the territory of Sagada- hock, lies in the eastern part of the Province of Massachu- setts Bay, having the Province of Nova Scotia (viz : Passa- maquodie) for its Eastern, the Province of Main (viz : Kennebec River its Western ; Canada its Northern, and the Ocean its Southern boundary ; and is nearly as large as the kingdom of Ireland. The French were formerly in possession of part of this Country, viz: from Penobscot River, eastward ; they had a Fort on th'^ Peninsula of Majabigwaduce, commanded by Monsieur Castine, and a great number of French inhabitants settled upon Penob- scot, and on other rivers, and along the sea-coast to Nova Scotia. On the reduction of Louisburg, in the year 1745, Monsieur Castine demolished the Fort ; and all the inhabit- ants of this District broke up, and removed to Canada. At the end of the last war, viz: in 1763, the General Assembly of Massachusetts Bay granted thirteen Town- ships, each of six miles square, lying on the East side of Penobscot River, to thirteen Companies of Proprietors, who proceeded to lay out the said Townships, and returned plans thereof to the General Assembly, which were ap- proved and accepted. In consequence of this measure, 312 DOCUMENTARY. about sixty families settled on each Township, and made great improvements of the land. These settlers employed the then Agent for the said Province at the Court of Great Britain, to solicit the Royal approbation of those grants ; and in the year 1773, as also in the last year (1780,) they sent an Agent, ex]>ressly on their own account, for the same purpose, and further, to pray that His Majesty would be graciously pleased to sever that District from the Province of Massachusetts Bay, and erect it into a Govern- ment under the authority of the Crown ; which solicita- tion has hitherto, however, been without effect. The inhabitants of thyj Country are in general loyal, except those of the Township of Machias, Mho liave at that place a small Fort, under the direction of Congress, and about 135 Indian warriors of the Machias tribe, in their interest ; all the other tribes of Northern Indians are in the King's peace. The soil of this Country is good, and well adapted to the culture of every sort of English grain, as well as hemp, flax, &c., but it is more especially proper for graz- ing (in which it excels every other part of America) and for breeding cattle, sheep, swine, and horses. Its woods abound with moose, and other kinds of deer, beaver, and several kinds of game good for food. A few miles from the sea-coast are large tracts of land, covered with pine trees, suitable for masts of the largest size.* Timber for ship-building, staves, boards, and all other sorts of lumber. On the rivers and streams there were more than 200 saw-mills, when the rebellion broke out, and many more might be erected. The rivers abound with salmon and various other kinds of fish ; several of which rivers are navigable 50 or 60 miles for ships of 300 tons, and much further for small craft. There are, on the sea-coast from Falmouth to Passamaquoddy, which is about 70 leagues, more than twenty harbours ; many of them are very large, with deep water, and good bottom, and are not incommoded with ice in the winter season, — viz: Falmouth, Sheepscut, Townsend, George's Islands, Penobscot, Algemogin, Bass, Cranberry Islands, French- man's Bay, Gouldsborough, Machias, Narraguagus, and East Passamaquodie. In each of these harbours, ships of *For this article Britain has been obliged to the Northern powers, Russia in particular. REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 313 id made mployed of Great 3 grants ; iO,) they , for the tty would from the I Govern- L aolicita- ral loyal, ) have at Congress, i tribe, in adians are .dapted to ,8 well as c for graz- lerica) and Its woods »eaver, and ts of land, lie largest s, and all ams there lion broke crs abound several of lips of 300 are, on the which is many of d bottom, season, — 's Islands, s, French- lagus, and rs, ships of owers, Russia the largest size may ride in safety, in the most violent winds. In the harbour of IMajabigwaduce, is a large sandy beach ; the tide flows from fifteen to eighteen feet, and a'' dock- yard may be erected there, at a small expence, for the col- lection of masts, lumber, &c., and to heave down the largest men of war. Near the entrance of the harbour, is good fishing ground, where cod, shell, and several other kinc.s of fish are taken in plenty. In October, 1772, there were in this District, forty-two towns, and 2,638 families,* who have since greatly in- creased, at least in the proportion of one-fourth, which is 659 families, making, in the wliole, 3,297 families: — Reck- oning, then, five souls to each family (which is a moderate computation) there are now 16,485 souls. To this New Country, the Loyalists resort with their families, (last summer, particularly, a great number of families were preparing to remove thither) from the New England Provinces, and find an asylum from the tyranu}'' of Congress, and their taxgatherers as well as daily em- ployment, in fishing, lumbering, clearing and preparing land for their subsistence ; and there they continue in full hope, and pleasing expectation, that they may soon re-en- joy the liberties and privileges which would be best se- cured to them by laws, and under a form of government, modelled after the British Constitution ; and that they may be covered in their possessions, agreeably to the Petition to the Throne in 1773 ; which was renewed last year. Should this District be severed from the Province of Massachusetts Bay, and erected into a Province under the authority of the Crown and the inhabitants quieted in their possessions^ it would be settled with amazing rapidity ; the Royal Navy, West India Islands, and other parts of His Majesty's Dominions, well and plentifully served for centuries to come, from this District, with every article above mentioned, without being obhged to other Powers for the same ; and the profits of the whole would, fall into the lap of Great Britain, in return for her Manufactures. Roads would, moreover, be opened for communication with other of His Majesty's Provinces, which might be travelled, in a short time, by 'the following routes: — * " As appears by a list taken by a respectable person." 814 D0CT7?.IENTAEY. Distance from Quebeck to Passadonkeag, Indian Oldtown, on Penobscot river. 65 Miles. Sonadabscook, 85 " Fort Halifax, on Kennebec river, 19 Pownalborougli, 33 Falmouth, 54 Portsmouth, 53 Boston, 65 Q.' 24 mh; Distance from Annapolisf Nova Scotia, to St. John's, 16 leagues, Penobscot River, Fort Halifax, Boston, 48 Miles. 55 '' 19 " 205 « LL 327 " N. B. from Boston to Halifax, is a good Cart Road. 7. SERGEANT LAWRENCE'S JOURNAL. Remarks on the Siege of Majahlguaduce from July 24^/t to August lUh, 1779. Sat. July 24th. Saw a large fleet of Ships, Brigs, Sloops and Schooners, amounting to 37 sail or upwards. Sun. 25. This morning the Fleet, belonging to the Rebels, anchored in this harbour, and in the afternoon came and attacked our little fleet very warmly, and was returned as smartly both by our Ships and Batteries. They were endeavoring to land their forces this afternoon, but were repulsed, and obliged to return to their shipping with a considerable loss. Mon. 26. They were very busy in landing their men at Matthew's Point, opposite the neck, and we were as busy in preparing platforms, &c., to annoy the Rebels, if any attack on the fort should be made. A constant firing of Cannon commenced, between both sides again, with the shipping and our batteries from about two o'clock until 3 — when the Rebels returned back till about six, when they once more ventured the second attack, and so continued till dark — though not much damage supposed to be done on REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 315 )5 Miles. J5 " 19 '' 54 " 53 '' 65 " 48 Miles. 55 '' 19 205 327 Road- ie AL. hj 24. Strict injunctions against soldiers leaving the fort without permission, for the purpose of shooting at the enemy — as had been done. August 11. None of the inhabitants allowed within the fort, except those employed in His Majesty's service, viz : Mr. Nathan Phillips ; Mr. Cunningham, family and driver ; Mr. Dyce and family ; and Mr. Finley McCul- lom. August 18. The General thanks the officers and soldiers for their spirited conduct while the enemy were in the wood. Hereafter nothing is to be taken from any of the inhabitants, without payment. August 19. Soldiers are forbidden to set fire to the houses of the inhabitants, without the General's orders. August 21. Lieutenant Wilson is ordered to send a man from the Artillery, with a Gin, for weighing the guns of those ships that were burned. August 29. Parties of Rebels reported to be lurking ia the woods, and officers recommended to be careful about going into them. August 30. A detachment sent up the river for lumber, with two days' provisions. . September 25. All Rebel urelocks are ordered to be brought in by the inhabitants, and the sum of three dol- lars each to be paid for them. November 14. Owing to fraudulent practices, the cut pieces of dollars are to be called in. Doctor Calef is appointed as Overseer and Commissary of the inhabitants. Mr. MacZachlar is to be Barrack Master, and to act as Quarter Master General. General McLean is preparing to leave, and Colonel Campbell has taken the command. November 16. The inhabitants are not allowed to leave the peninsula, without a written pass from Doctor Calef. November 22. All the inhabitants drawing provisions from the King's stores are allowed till the twenty-ninth inst. to make their dwellings comfortable and convenient. On that day all (who are fit) are to be employed on the 822 DOCUMENTARY. King's works, at reasonable wages, and those who refuse are to have their names struclc from the list of those who draw provisions. December 5. The inhabitants having neglected to comply with the order of the fifth inst., none are to receive provisions except those who produce a certificate from the chief Engineer or from Doctor Calef. Mr. Archibald, Nathan Phillips and David Cunningham, being considered as always engaged, do not need certificates. December 24. Tlui inhabitants are forbiden to sell liquor to any one. 1780. Jan. 2. Soldiers are restricted to two-thirds an allowance of Rum and Butter. January 27. All strangers intending to stay over night are oi*derod to report to Doctor Caler. No persons are allowed to go on or off the peninsula after sunset without permission from Doctor Calef. All persons not reporting to Doctor Calef are to be fined or corporally punished. This order to be publicly posted and copies of it sent to the neighboring towns. No person known to be disaffected is to be allowed to dwell on the peninsula. All the inhab- itants are to be armed and accoutred and ready for action at a moments notice. The inhabitants are also to be mus- tered and inspected once each week by their Overseer. [The rest of the Orderly Book is fille«l with countersigns, paroles, &ic., &(i. — The last date in the book is Feb. 28, 1780.] 9. . William Hutchings' Narrative of the Siege^ and other remi- niscences. [The following account was narrated to Mr. Joseph L. Stevens, Jr., in August, 1855, by Mr. William Hutchings of Penobscot.] The British landed in front of Joseph L. Perkins' house, June 17, 1779, which stood on what is now the south east- ern corner of Main and Water streets. They seemed as frightened as a flock of sheep, and kept looking around them as if they expected to be fired on by an enemy hid behind the trees. This day they did not stop,but returned to their vessels. The next day they came on shore, and REVOLUrrONABY PERIOD. 323 10 refuse liose who lected to o receive ate from Lrchibald, onaidered ti to sell ,wo-thirdH )ver night rsons are ;t without reporting punished. it sent to lisaffected the inhah- for action to be mus- erseer. intersigns, is Feb. 28, yther remi- Joseph L. Uchings of lins' house, louth east- I seemed as ig around memy hid It returned jhore, and encamped on the open land east of where the fort now stands. They immediately began to fortify the place. In a short time the Amcriuan expedition ciune, and orders were sent out for tljo inhabitants to come in and work. I helped to haul the first log into the south bastion. It was on the Sunday before the Americans arrived, and was the only Sunday on which I had to work in my life. The peninsula was then covered with a heavy growth of trees. When the tort was built it was mostly spruce, and the trees were rather small, but farther to the westward there was a good deal of maple, beech, bircili, etc. General Lovell built his works mostly of logs and brush. He had to cut away a great many trees t(j make a passage for his cannon balls to the fort. General McLean expected to be taken, and when his troops were driven back into the fort, the morning the American troops landed — July 28, 1779 — he stood with the pennant halliards in his own hands all ready to strike the colors himself. He said ho had been in nineteen battles without getting beaten, but he expected he should be beaten in the twentieth one. The walls of the fort were so low at that time that I heard a soldier say he could jum]) over with a musket in each liand. McLean considered that every day the Americans delayed the attack was as good to him as another thousand men. My father was among the patriots who joined the Americans. He was stationed part of the time at Hainey's point, and alwyys thought he killed an English soldier there. A part)/ of English came to drive the Americans away, and most of them speedily retreated ; but my father and a few others stopped to give them a parting shot, when the boat should come in good range. One of the guard afterward said to him at Mrs. Hainey's house that when my father iired he saw a soldier in one of the boats fall, and heard him cry out. Mrs. Hainey was along and Bhe subsequently rejuirted this at head quarters, and we supposed it the reason of our family being driven away. I worked on the battery at Wescott's, in all, eight days. We kept up a hot fire on the ships, and drove the men ashore and below. There were three frigates — the Albany^ North, and NauUlm. We could hear our shot go — tliud — into them. We cut away an anchor hanging at the bows of one of them. I marked where it fell, rts I thought some- 824 DOCUMENTART. time or other I might want to get it up. When the siege was raised the guns were carried across to Matthews' point to be put on board the transports. In the hurry of getting them on board a brass four-pounder was lost overboard. One night the Americans undertook to surprise the English but they fell in with the British guard at Banks's battery, and had a sharp fight. Quite a number were killed on both sides. I afterwards saw, up by the narrows, some bloody uniforms, tied up in a blanket, that had been stripped from the English soldiers killed that night. Major Sawyer was killed, or drowned, in aboat that was sunk by a cannon ball fired from the fort, while it was passing from the fleet to to Nautilus Island. A cannon shot from the battery on Nau- tilus Island came in the fort gate and passing between Gen- eral McLean and one of hie offi' );->, killed an ox belonging to my father — which he had r .'•jC ' ..liUself. Hatch's barn was used as a hospital. I was there after the siege was raised, and the floor was then covered with beds so thick that there was scarcely room to pass between them. The poor fellows groaned a good deal when the doctors dressed their wounds. I believe most of those who died there were buried on the lower side of the road. Being so young I was allowed to go off and on the peninsula, but the soldiers sometimes used to call me "a damned little rebel." It was reported that there was to be a combined attack on the fort and frigates, at a set time, by the Americans. I went with a numlaer of others to the high land in Brooksville, opposite Negro Island, but it did not take place. At that, or another time, I recollect seeing som' • i the American fleet drop in behind Nautilus Island an S? -r- '.cross the bar at the English ships. Their last shot p. u -ried up the dry sod near Hatch's house, and set consideiK' (■ of it on fire. A drummer was killed, the night of the skirmish, at the battery near Banks' house, and, for a good many years after, people used to say that they could hear his ghost drumming there at midnight. I saw both Lovell and Wads- worth. I did not like the appearance of Lovell very well, but Wadsworth was a beautiful man. There was no canal dug across the neck at that time. A good many years ago, I used to know a man named Conolly, v/ho told me that he once found near the second Narrows, on or near the shore, a kind of chest pretty much the siege ws' point f getting verboard. e English i battery, d on both le bloody aped from iwyer was a cannon jhe fleet to [•y on Nau- ween Gen- belonging 's barn was ;vas raised, thick that The poor ressed their there were 30 young I ;he soldiers It was ,ck on the s. I went rooksville. At that, American loss the bar up the dry it on fire, fish, at the any years his ghost tnd Wads- very well, ,s no canal lan named Ithe second retty much EEVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 8^9^ covered over with moss or grass, as if it had been exposed to the weather many years. On opening it he found French goods, such as handkerchiefs, etc. As long ago as I can remember there was what was called the " Old French Fort," down by the shore below Banks's house. There were a great many spruce poles around it and posts in the shore, when I was a boy. There used to be a con- siderable growth of oak there. I do not remember ever hearing that there were in old times any Mills about here belonging to Frenchmen — what used to be called the •' Winslow" farm, at the head of Northern Bay, was a great while ago called " Frenchman's" farm, and the pond at the head of a stream that runs through it, was called " li'renchman's" pond, when I was a boy, and there was an old cellar there they used to call the old Frenchman's cellar. It may be all gone now. If not, you will find it between Perkins' store and the shore. Hutchings'' Narrative to Joseph Williamson, Esq., in Feb- ruary, 1860. « « * « « « In Wescott's battery there were three guns, one 12-lb., one 6-lb., and one 3-lb. brass field piece, which was lost over- board off Stover Perkins' point, when the Americans were trying to carry it off. It lays there now, I suppose — a lit- tle way from the shore. The transport must have come as nigh as she could. It probably slipped out of the slings. I saw as many as 50 or 60 cannon the English got from the fleet up the river. They all lay at high wuter mark on the shore, loaded, and were fired off, to see if they were cracked, or anything the matter with them. Doctor Calf [Calef] built the old Mann 'lOuse about a year before the British came. He was a lory refugee. We shot an anchor from Wescott's battery off the Santillana [St. Helena] near Hatch's Point. Three or four ships lay along there. I saw it at low tide, and sup- pose I might have got it, if I had had spunk enough. The old wreck on the shore down below Hatch's was the Providence.* The St. Helena was a letter-of-marque, •This is corroborated by a letter from J. Snelling, Esq., of Halifax, to the wife of Col. Goldthwaite, at Bagiiduce. This letter was dated Dec. 17, 1779, and communicates the information that the St. Helena bad recently been cast away, with great loss of life, at some place, the name of which we cannot decipher from the manuscript, but which certainly was not Penobscot or Bagaduce. The word looks lik« " Salu— ing." 42 'ta^ 326 DOCUMKyTARY. of fourteen guns. She was not in the regular service. The l^rovidence was an old transport, that troops came over in. She fell over there, I believe, and stove her side in. The Albany carried sixteen guns, the Nautilus twenty- two, and the North twentv-eiffht. She was an old French ship, and was not good for much of anything. Her guns were light-mounted. Nautilus Island was named after the Nautilus^ and I suppose I saw the caper that was the occasion of it. The Hazard and other vessels, ran in behind the island, and fired across the bar, and raked the ships that lay across the mouth of the harbor. They cut or slipped their cables, and dropped up further. Nautilus Island used to be called Banks' Island ; wa^ called Nautilus Island after that. The guard at Hainey's Point all ran off but five, wdio fired and killed one man — the first who was killed. My father is said to have done it on the second shot, and the Tories (the commanding officer didn't say it) said he would be hung. Mrs. Hainey told of it, and my mother was so frightened we had to move away. Ah ! hard and trying times those were ! The Santillana was a very nice ship. The old Provi- dence was an old vessel. She fell over and stove her broadside in. She was one of the British fleet. They hauled the transports ashore, when the Americans came. Otter Rock was named for the ship Otter, Avhich went on the rock close by, at the eastward of it, going out, I think. I went aboard the Nautilus. I was a boy. One of my countrymen took me down below, and fed me pretty well, then told me he was a pressed man. He had tried to run away, and got flogged for it. I saw two men flogged on the Alhany. They can sa}'" what they please, when tied up, and one man told the officer he should run away again every chance. An English soldier joined us on the Kenne- bec, and then ran into the country. He was brought back and court martialed, and sentenced to 200 lashes. The blood ran down and filled his shoes. When he had received 100, they had to take him down. About that ship Providence, you needn't be afeared to assert it as truth, because I know all about it. * * * The frigate Blande was one of the convoy that came with McLean. She did not come in, but lay outside of the harbor. I REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 327 lar service. I'oops came tve her side 'u8 twenty- old French Her guns ihis, and I of it. The island, and t lay across ipped their and used to Island after ut five, who killed. My lot, and the it) said he my mother il hard and old Provi- stove her eet. They icans came, icli went on out, I think. One of my pretty well, ried to run flogged on when tied away again the Kenne- vas brought 200 lashes. Ihen he had About that assert it as The frigate th McLean, harbor. I used to go on board, to sell milk, &c. She was a beautiful ship — was not here at the time of the siege, had gone away. The Albany was commanded by an American. Mowatt was a Portland man. I remember when Pomroy was cut out by Little. He chased Pomroy about, but couldn't bring him to an engage- ment. Little said he would have him, if he followed him to h — 11. Pomroy had taken a coasting vessel which Lit- tle retook. Little got a whale-boat at Fox Islands, which he left with some men, below Nautilus Island, to make his escape in, if necessary. Pomroy had a 14-gun Brig; Little had a 12-gun Sloop. He came in on the top of the tide, just at the close of the day — before dark. When the sentry hailed him, he replied that he was a prize from Fox Island. "Who commands her?" "Peter Littlejohn." He ran alongside of the brig, and told them to heave him a warp, as he had lost both anchors in Fox Island thorough- fare. He had his men all ready, and jumped aboard with them, and took her. The sloop kept right on, and stood out of the harbor, but the brig had to make a couple of tacks. The people collected to look on, and Captain Lit- tle afterwards said he might have swept the streets as he went by. He was fired on from the fort, and men ran down to the old French fort and fired. Commissary Mc- Laughlin told a man (I heard him) that he delivered out 1700 rounds. It was said that Little picked up bullets by the bucketful from his deck, where they fell, after striking among the sails and rigging. A shot from the sloop, or brig, when going out of the harbor, struck a crowbar, and drove it through a hogshead of rum that stood in the King's store, about ten rods below the Fort gate. William Redhead told me that shot cost him one hogshead of rum. He was a sort of deputy Commissary, and came over wftli the British. He married old Banks' daughter. Pomroy was a Tory. He and most of his crew were ashore. Next day the British officers laughed at him. They thought very much of Little. When the British came I was at Fox Islands, with my uncle — where we went fishing in an open boat. We had news of their coming, and when the fleet came in sight, uncle said, " there comes the devils." We started for home, and when the fleet followed us up we knew it was e£« 328 DOCUMENTARY. them. We reached Castine when they were firing guns for pilots. Nine of the vessels came in. They anchored off Dice's Head, I should think by eleven o'clock. Their boats came ashore down at the beach, below Johnson's corner. I was there whsn they landed. As many as twenty ofiicers came ashore. They looked all around as if they were considerably frightened. They didn't do much that day. I went home that night. Can't say if troops came next day or day after. When I went down they were camped in tents on the ridge to northeast of where the fort is. When Little came,'! had come back from the Kennebec, (a year before father) and worked about here with the neighbors. I was then at old Mr. Samuel Wescott's. I had gone up to go to bed, and was leaning on a chest by the window. I heard a great firing of guns, and couldn't think what it all meant. Wescott was on the peninsula, and when he came home he told us all about it. I went down next day and saw Pomroy, who looked as if he had been stealing sheep, and had lost all the friends he had in the world. General McLean was an excellent officer. He was very angry because the Tories drove off so many of the Americans by saying that the English were going to hang them. The old General didn't go about much, but the other officers used to. They went to Orland, to see Old Vyles' daughters. * * ♦ # • As soon as the boats went off, the guard ran off. We thought they would come in above and cut us off. My father came near shooting one of our men who had run off. He was in the bushes, and started up. Father saw him and brought his gun to fire on him. He had a fur cap on, and father saw a mark on the back of it. Letter from David Perham^ giving Colonel Brewer's account of the Expedition against Penohacot^ in Vll^. [From Bangor Whig and Courier, of August 13, 1846.] " Early in the month of June 1779, General Francis McLean, who commanded the King's troops in Nova Scotia, entered Penobscot Bay, with 650 men in transports, es- corted by three sloops, and took possession of the Peninsu- REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 329 ring guns anchored k. Their Johnson's as twenty as if they much that oops came they were where the Kennebec, 3 with the 'scott's. I a chest by id couldn't peninsula, it. I went s if he had s he had in )fficer. He nany of the ing to hang at the other Old Vyles' off. We My father un off. He iw him and cap on, and »er'« account 1 13, 1846.] ■ral Francis ova Scotia, nsports, es- he Peninsu- la (now called Castine) formed by the waters of Penob- scot Bay, and the Majabagaduce River, which struck the inhabitants with teiTor — especially the women and chil- dren. At this time provisions were very scarce, and the inhabitants almost destitiUe of arms and ammunition. A meeting was called of the principal officers, to determine on defence, or submission ; at which it was concluded to send a committee to treat with the General ; and myself [Colonel Brewer] and Captain Smith of Marsh Bay, were chosen. We proceeded on our mission, and obtained as- surance that, if the inhabitants would mind their business, and be peaceable, they should not be disturbed in person or property ; but afterwards they were called upon to take the Oath of Allegiance, or of Neutrality. Nothing further occurs to my mind worthy of relating, till a few days before the American Fleet arrived in the Bay, when Captain Smith and myself were again called upon by the people to wait upon General McLean to transact certain business, which we accomplished to our satisfaction, and obtained our pass to return home. I then had a full view of their works. About four o'clock p. m., I observed a very rapid movement of the troops, and told Captain Smith it was time for us to be off. We proceeded immediately to our boat, and had just gotten from the shore, when the Grand Rounds went for no one to leave the Peninsula. We continued our course, with a small breeze, up the Penobscot River, when casting our eyes down the Bay we discovered a large fleet of shipping standing up, and knew pretty well what it muht be, for myself and others had kept a birch canoe passing every few days from my house to Camden, for information. We stood up the river about six miles, where we staid all night ; but got little sleep for joy at what we had seen, and what we expected would take place. Next morning, July 26th, we went down in our boat about three miles, to make further discovery of the fleet ; but the fog being so thick we could not see it. We then stood up the river to old Fort Point, there landed and went back about half a mile, when the fog cleared away, and we had a full view of the fleet, which had just got under weigh, standing up with a small breeze, in line of battle, — as they passed they discharged their guns at the British shipping, then lying in the river. This drew our attention for sometime, but casting my eyes westward, I discovered, under the bank, a number of whale boats full of armed men, and I 880 DOCUMENTARY. told Captain Smith it was no place for us. "We started for our boat, which we had regained, and were getting up our sails, when the boats came u]) with us and ordered us to stand ; and who should it be but my brother (Colonel Josiah Brewer) who was sent with a detachment of sol- diers as an advance guard to be stationed at Buckstown, to stop communication. lie ordered us to get under weigh as soon as possible, came on board with one or two of his men, and we arrived at Buckstown, about five o'clock p. M. Having stationed his guard and taken some refreshments, he manned a boat and, taking Captain Smith and myself with him, set out to go on board of the fleet, which, on ac- count of darkness and fog, we did not reach until after sunrise in the morning. We went on board of General Lovell's vessel, and being introduced by my brother, were very politely received by the General, who, on being in- formed that Captain Smith and myself had left the Penin- sula about four o'clock, on the 25th, sent immediately for Commodore Saltonstall to come on board. When he ar- rived, my brother told them whatever information we should give, might be relied upon. We were then invited into the cabin. I told them at four o'clock — as above stated — I reviewed all their works, and was in their Fort. That the Northerly side next to the Cove was about four feet high, the Easterly and Westerly ends were something like a stonewall, laid up sloping ; from the back side to the front there was but one sag, and the ground not broken. On the backside the ditch was about three feet deep, — the ends were sloping according to the height of the wall — not a platform laid, nor a gun carriage up to the Fort. I also told him a part of the troops were stationed near the upper end, on the heath ; but there was no appearance of Artil- lery. That there was one six gun battery at Dice's Point, (as it is called) and that was all they would have to con- tend with on the land. I told him, likewise, there was a small battery begun on Cape Rozier. There was Captain Moat's [Mowatt's] ship mounting twenty guns, and one other mounting ten, which I thought lay nearly opposite the Fort. General Lovell seemed much pleased with the in- formation. I then told the Commodore that being all the force he would have to meet, I thought that as the wind breezed up he might go in with his shipping, silence the two vessels and the six-gun battery, and land the troops ^under cover of his own guns, and in half an hour make REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 881 arted for tting up •deied us (Colonel it of sol- stown, to ler weigh wo of hia ock P. M. eshments, nd myself ch, on ac- ntil after f General ther, were being in- bhe Penin- diately for hen he ar- nation we len invited —as above their Fort, about four something side to the }t broken, deep, — the 3 wall — not )rt. I also the upper e of Artil- ce's Point, ,ve to cou- ihere was a as Captain Is, and one y opposite 4th the in- ;ing all the ,s the wind silence the the troops hour make everytJiing his own. In reply to which he hove up his long chin, and said, " You seem to be d — n knowing about the matter ! I am not going to risk my shipping in that d — d hole !" Captain Smith and myself returned home, having re- ceived orders from my brother, then my colonel, to return immediately with half of my company — 1 being then a captain. This order I obeyed ; but my family not then being in a situation to leave, my men were put under the command of another captain, and I returned home for one week, when I again repaired to my post. Next morning we discovered a party of the British going down from the head of the Point, aud supposing it to be their intention to come on the rear of us, I marched out my company to attack them ; but we soon perceived their object to be fishing, which a few shot defeated, and they hurried back again. Nothing important appearing to be going on, I again returned home ; and the next information I had was from my brother, who came up in a boat, double-manned, said he did not think anything would be done, and was unwilling to leave his wife and effects. He staid about two hours, when he took his wife and best furniture, and returned down the river. His wife w . landed at Cam- den, and his furniture was put on board the General's ship, which I afterwards saw on Captain Moat's ship. The next information was received from Doctor Down- ing, Chief Surgeon of the army, with whom I had formerly been acquainted. He arrived at my house on the morning of the fourteenth of August, with the sick and wounded Americans, and said the siege was raised, and the fleet and army of the Americans, between 3000 and 4000, were on their way up the river, followed by Sir George Collier, with the British fleet. The Doctor stopped, dressed the wounded, got some refreshments, and enquired where would be the best place of safety for the men under his care. I directed him to Major Treat's, about two miles above navigation, where he landed and left them, under the care of Doctor Herberd, leaving with him his medicine chest. Before night, such of the shipping as were not taken or destroyed below, appeared, which were blown up and burnt the next morning, and the troops took their flight into the woods. The next day I was again requested by the inhabitants to wait on General McLean to know our fate, which I did 882 DOCUMENTABT. in company with Captain Ginn. We accordingly proceeded on that duty. At the Narrows, where the ship Blande lay at anchor, we were hailed and went on board. The Cap- tain being informed what our business was, gave us a pass, and we proceeded to the Peninsula. When I called on the General he received me very politely, and said, * Mr. Brewer, you have come to see me again, what is the news up the river ? and where are the rebels ? have they dispersed? * I told him they had. He replied : ' I believe the commanders were a pack of cowards or they would have taken me. I was in no situation to defend myself, I only meant to give them one or two guns, so as not to be called a coward, and then have struck my colors, which I stood for some time to do, as I did not w ish to throw away the lives of ray men for nothing.' He then said : ' What is your request T I told him that the inhabitants were in distress, waiting to know his determination. If it be favorable, they will stay at home ; if not, they will quit their houses and take to the wood, which some have already done. To which he made answer : ' Go home and tell them if they will stay in their houses and live peaceably and mind their business, they shall not be hurt ; but if not, all the houses that are left shall be burnt.' My next request was to know what should be done with the sick and wounded men who had been left. He asked : — ' What is your wish ? ' I replied that they might be conveyed to their friends, as soon as convenient. To which he said : ' Go up and get a vessel, if you can ; if not, I will provide one.' I told him I had one in view that I could get. * Then get it,' he said ; 'fit her out in good order, and take all the sick and wounded on board ; come down with them, and return me a list of their names, and I will give you a pass, or a cartel, to deliver them where it will be most convenient for the men.' I told him there would be some stores wanted, that could not be procured up the river. He replied : ' Get what you can, and make out a memorandum of what you want more, and I will supply you here.' I then returned home, and on the way chartered a schooner, shipped a master and hands, and the next day she came up the river, and went to Bangor, there to be fitted up with plat- forms and bunks convenient for the purpose. In a few days Captain Moat came up the river, and anchored his ship off my cove. At night when I came down I was hailed, gave my name and told them I lived abreast his I REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 833 :oceeded ande lay :he Cap- 18 a pass, id on the , Brewer, ITS up the jrsed? ' I amanders !n me. I [it to give a coward, for some ves of my request ?' wraiting to f will stay ake to the h he made ay in their iness, they a,t are left now what who had I replied as soon as ■t a vessel, [him I had |e said ; ' fit wounded ^e a list of cartel, to ,t for the [anted, that Lied: 'Get what you [n returned shipped a le up the with plat- In a few Ichored his jwn I was [abreast his ship — which was eomnnuucatcd to Captain Moat. He re- turned, — that he wished nic to call on him in themorniuj^; which I did, and informed him what my orders were, from the General, in relation to the sick and wt. uidcd. lie wished me to accomplish the business as soon as I could. He frequently called me on board when I was passing, and enquired after the sick and wounded, and often invited mo into his cabin to take a glass of wine or brandy. This friendship subsisted till the schooner was completed, when he went up to see the same previous to her sailing. When in readiness I informed him the schooner would be down in the evening, and in the following morning he gave me a pass to General McLean. On my way, at Marsh Bay, I heard of Captain George Ross and his cabin boy, and sent the boat on shore with Doctor Herberd, to bring off Captain Ross. He had com- manded one of the 20-gun shipw, and was wounded the day he landed. He and th^'- ^3S l-l- pic a o;5 iM a U 3 ^« ■a «^ a ss go u Q i) 0) aj sj.- ls a a "= "^ OiS 3 3 2"5 ?'5i;j;ri'« 4- a 6 >^0 h5>^3 :I4 3 c; u a at:: o a a- 3 a = i§ R Ci h3 Ro!] 3 o . X s ^ J4 3 d 8 s a- .611.1 I . M a is o a a •- '' = a a £.® ■5? a 2 2 £ S'O 4-* ^ w •- a e on >.5 •§ a iH 3 " "^ e-i ift S i-( ■k C3 i i o o S o 3 3 ;^ u a V 3 *r ■J •J = 22o '2? c • 3 F !« or a (S >• s CO & 5i5 o a M 8 f«- 3 ISj .&3 I- f- "2 >=> fc * o O S fi X o g^ •a 3 p r a 'O teg s^a u o O 2 C J3 .-a ' •- u 1- t. "rja-H a -jc^ omJ; ,a ^ o g 3 3 c« p •3.-. w X a . 3 to > 3 o© *- — — .5 a jT o tf « 0200^3 S-5|S£a S§§ia^ 3 '.w :? 5i5 Bti a » t C M .U St. o rt $ « CI a p o « ^ = - — ^ — -^ ■^ ^ .— ^ " — " ? ia 4^ a ^ ^ en 3 or ■<'« s B— T^ ? S a a S - ? o a ■§i 4i JSV ■ B U ^ 3.- a il. £. 8 O B- a ^ o ■ 3 ■s«3 a -* " .a ^ I- C5 43 ■ 03 C T w -B ' 5 2 = J^ --c-fl StB B:^ 3^ bt3r=o o5 « - a ^mi w ■ ■ ""^ __ ^^hmt ^ »T ^^ "^ oas ^B Sa .B S 91*3 » i.-a h ^ C.i: 9 1 Sis *^ ,2 «-^-S'S* J! B 3 r55B _r(v» •'St' *- B s aj 9 " u to 5-3 .2 S'S- i S ..-355 ."15 — " jM oj a> c; u :« ti o fl * «r i 2 ^ X C " :2:3-3 :r ir^ S 4) fc< ■jr - j3 ";• '^ o rf is _3 SS ^-t•^•^•^•^-t-^-t-^*c MUNICIPAL PEBIOD. 849 i t ^ 1-4 I- •^ —J: 3 s « <« <« « •« -» 5 4^ 1 X S.2 rr >" {2 „ 5 S 0) ■•a :3 1^ |»?1-SM **5 fsiii 1 S I pa t a [3 3 3 «F5 So a O S5 d To f5 •"? ""p 3 U 3 O = % S n »» ^ ^ fl J5=g.9 (3 ■4J o 3 3 i'== a S3 8 = .S 4 w I-; '^ •a 9 a to- - • can !§?- 1 I '"3 3 3 3 I X!" » an B e u u d a <2 £f3o ■S 3 ^ OQ o •■« *^ •« 5 a >,o e x:s O *^ a *-» ^ c^ » ^ Ot 3 oW^ !3 ?l . ?' 3 5 !^ Tcstog «5 03 3 O ^^ ■" «-•■■" »^ 0«0op©©rHlH^-^«rH»^r-^^-H1-H5^(^l{^^e5tf^e■1lN(^^«Jle5ececM«!«c5MM» 350 DOCUMENTARY. C3 s B C-. o So Ci — ' Q 1. 'o '-< 6c » S 'ti I- t- g r- pi ^ !M " ^ ?: ?- = -S p -^ >j r* "■ ri i^ 3 ic ?^ > jr S jr S 3 5 o a u o s d ^ ^ S- 5 a rt <• .< s ^ 1 rt B M ?^ W 1^ .-H 1 »* o 3 #- H CS S. a 1— 1 « i c "3 p 5 o 6 3 '/: g l< 4) "^ ex p-« c nr -M o X Jii, ^ cH X ;h C,'> , CJ ^ X; O rt 1-H ^ ^ O U ^ i S u I 3 fefjS 3.3 .■ « bo ■ w 3 'Si) b- s -s S" J" To •^ ■£ 3 •^— o '/; 3.3 -^.~ U 3 T, be 3 O £ ■R .3 .3 *:: *- o is O -. ? i; O 35?' ) J3 : to gftc c bo 3 OJ ~ 3t3 a OS K 3 .3 L^ &S£ ^ri^ ■::st. 'S .t-r^ ». S^4) Ss .3 -.3 .3 £ i; '.3 c3 - 3 icj: s cS rt 3 .3--S'-5.3«':: cj H>c5=3-s''3S^' 3 3 be i.c g 3 3 3 :: OoS3oSoo;r b«U, 3 g4^.ii^^'- .3 S^'^PhKMP; ;,, c^ >-3 " • " ■' "- 5 ^ I— I ^'^ 3 c5 C j3 S h-! a: fJ 1^ <; r* H ■3 Cx " r CJ 3 et; © >:f^'©:3 ^>S3 -^Tf'-f ^ (-1 "-' .i o rt x --; *.< C"" u, --J w C -) I ii « ? ,2 5j c o _S * © C p 2 " 3 S.3 I S ,u c _ '"f X! - -TJI- - •- atp-/.'^ a w t- — P.IU -I 05 o ■ y 5^ D ? - t" a S sc ■^ fl "I" --^ ■=0 «•- ' « "^ *^ to *-• c— - B ^ go-?' ' o ; «; « j) u ^ K ^<^ C o = ? .2 ■•= ■ — tip* 'JJCu::; •=^ ■- '? .S a o s a L*- t>- ■*-* • g '^ I — ^r-ir O MUNICIPAL PERIOD. 5. 351 An Act to incorporate the toivn of Brooksville. Sec. 1. Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Rep- resentatives m (jreneral Court assembled, and bi/ the authority of the same, That those jiarts of the towns of Castine, Penobscot, and Sedgwick, included in the following- bound- aries, viz: Beginning at the water on the line betwe^ . Castine and Penol)scot, there bounded by the water,' •;•' the harbour of Castine, and by Castine river, to lan< of John Walker, on the southerly side of said river ; thenco on the line of said lot, including the same to the water ; thence from tluj outlet of Walker's Pond, so called, south- westerly, to the southerly line of Isaac Billings' lan;< ; thence, on said southerly line, to the sea ; thence running by the sea-shore round Cape Rozier, and by the shores of Castine harbour, to the first mentioned bounds; together with the inhabitants thereon, be, and are hereby incorpora- ted into a town, by the name of Brooksville ; and the said town is hereby vested with all the privileges and immuni- ties which other towns do, or may enjoy by the Constitu- tion and laws of this Coramonwealth : Provided, that the inhabitants within the boundaries aforesaid, shall be holden to pay to the several towns, to whicli they have heretofore belonged, their several proportions of all tiixes voted by said towns, together with all state and county taxes, appor- tioned on said towns, before the passing of this act. Sec. 2. Be it further enacted. That in all state taxes, which shall hereafter be granted by the General Court of this Commonwealth, until a new valuation shall be settled, one-eighth part of the taxes which would have been set to the toAvn of Sedgwick, one-fifth part which would have been set to the town of Penobscot, and one-fifth part which would have been set to Castine, according to the last valua- tion, shall be tJilicn from said towns and set to the said town of Brooksville. Sec. 3. Be it further enacted. That William Abbott, Esquire, be, and he is hereby authorized to issue a warrant, directed to some suitable inhabitant of said town of Brooks- ville, requiring him to notify the inhabitants thereof, to meet at such time and place as shall be appointed in said warrant, for the election of all such officers as towns are entitled to choose in the month of March, or April annually. — Approved by the Governor, June 13, 1817. — [Laws of Massachusetts — 1817.] 852 DOCUMENTARY. , 6. I m^M\ An Act to set off a part of the town of Penohscot^ and annex the same to the town of Castine. Sec. 1. Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives^ in Greneral Court assembled, and hy the authority of the same, That that part of the town of Penobscot, in the county of Hancock, hereafter described, and the inhabi- tants thereon, be annexed to the town of Castine, in said county, viz : That part of said Penobscot lying between Penobscot and Castine rivers, and southerly and westerly of the following lines, viz : Beginning at the first narrows in Castine river, on the northerly line of Lot Number sixty, laid out to Pelatiah Freeman, deceased, and surveyed by John Peters, and John Peters, Jun. ; thence on the north- erly line of said Lot Number sixty, north-westerly to the centre line ; thence northerly on the centre line, to the southerly line of Lot Number twenty-two ; thence westerly to the easterly end of Lot Number twenty-three ; thence northerly on the head or easterly end of Lot Number twenty- three, and continuing the same course to the stream, which empties into Morse's Cove, so called ; thence down said stream to said Cove. Sec. 2. Be it further enacted. That the inhabitants of the said part of the town of Penobscot, by this act annexed to the said town of Castine, shall be holden to pay such taxes as have been assessed, or ordered to be assessed on them by the said town of Penobscot, previous to passing of this act. * » Sec. o. Be it further enacted. That in all state taxes, which shall hereafter be granted, by the General Court of this Commonwealth, until a new valuation shall be settled, one quarter part of the taxes which would have been set to the town of Penobscot, according to the last valuation, shall be taken therefrom and set to the town of Castine. Sec. 4. Be it further enacted. That no person who is now sujiported wholly or in part, by any town in this Commonwealth, shall, by the passing of this act, thereby gain a settlement in said town of Castine. , , : — Approved by the Governor, June 16, 1817. — [Laws of Massachusetts, 1817 — ^p. 420.] MUNICIPAL PERIOD. 7. 353 td annex )f Repre- autkority bscot, in le inhabi- ;, in said between westerly : narrows ber sixty, veyed by he north- rly to tlie le, to the e westerly 3; thence er twenty- am, which own said ibitants of t annexed pay such sessed on passing [ate taxes, Court of be settled, jeen set to valuation, !astine. )n who is [n in this t, thereby General Sherbrook's Account of the Capture of Castine. [From an English Paper.] Downing Street, October 9, 1814. Major Addison has arrived with the following despatch from Lieutenant General Sherbrook, dated : Castine, at the entrance to the Penobscot, Sept. 18. My Lord: I have now the honor to inform your Lordship that, after closing my despatch, on the 26th ult. — in which I mentioned my intention of proceeding to the Penobscot — Rear Admiral Griffith and myself lost no time in sailing from Halifax, with such a naval force as he deemed neces- sary, and the troops as per margin,* to accomplish the ob- ject we had in view. Very early in the morning of the 30th, we fell in with the Rifleman, Sloop of war, when Captain Pearse informed us tiiat the United States frigate Adams, had got into the Penobscot, but from the apprehension of being attacked by your cruisers, if she remained at the entrance of the river, she ran up as high as Hampden, where she had landed her guns, and mounted them on shore for her protection. On leaving Halifax, it was my original intention to have taken possession of Machias, on our way hither ; but on receiving this intelligence, the Admiral and myself were of opinion that no time should be lost in proceeding to our destination, and we arrived here very early on the morning of the first instant. The Fort of Castine, which is situated upon a peninsula, of the eastern side of the Penobscot, near the entrance of that river, was summoned a little after sunrise ; but the American officer refused to surrender it, and immediately opened a fire from four 24-pounders upon a small schooner that had been sent with Lieutenant Colonel Nicholls (com- manding the Royal Engineers) to reconnoitre the work. Arrangements were immediately made for disembarking the troops; and before a landing could be effected, the enemy blew up his magazine, and escaped up the Majeta- qmidous river, carrying off in the boats with them two field-pieces. As we had no means of ascertaining what force the *See note on p. 850. .:.. 854 DOCUMENTARY. Americans had on this peninsula, I handed a detachment of Royal Artillery, with two companies of the 60th and 98th regiments, under Colonel Douglass, in the rear of it, with orders to secure the isthmus, and to take possession of the heights which commanded the town ; but I soon learned that there was no regulars at Castine, except the party which had blown up the magazine and escaped, and that the militia which were assembled there had dispersed immediately on our landing. Rear Admiral Griffith and myself next turned our attention to obtaining possession of the Adams,, or, if that could not be done, to destroying her. The arrangements for this service having been made, the Rear Admiral entrusted the execution of it to Captain Barrie, Royal Navy, and as the co-operation of the land force was necessary, 1 directed Lieutenant Colonel John, with a detachment of artillery, the flank companies of the 29th, 62d, and 98th regiments, and one rifle company of the 60th, to accompany and co- operate with Captain Barrie on this occasion ; but as Hampden is twenty-seven miles above Castine, it appeared to be a necessary measure of precaution first to occupy a port on the western bank, which might afford support, if necessary, to the force going up the river, and at the same time prevent the armed population, which is very numer- ous to the southward and westward, from annoying the British in their operations on the Adams. Upon inquiry, I found that Belfast, which is upon the high road leading from Hampden to Boston, and which perfectly commands the bridge, was likely to answer both these purposes, and I consequently directed Major General Gosselin to occupy that place with the 29th regi- ment, and to maintain it till further orders. As soon as this was accomplished, and the tide served, Rear Admiral Griffith directed Captain Barrie to proceed to his destination, and the remainder of the troops were landed that evening at Castine. Understanding that a strong party of militia from the neighboring township, had assembled at about four miles from Castine, on the road leading to Bluehill, I sent out a strong patrol on the morning of the second, before day- break. On arriving at the place, I was informed that the militia of the county had assembled thereon, the alarm guns being fired at the Fort at Castine, upon our first appearance, but that the main body had since dispersed MUNICIPAL PERIOD. 355 clitnent nd 98th it, with I of the learned le party lid that ispersed led our , if that lents for II trusted , and as directed irtillery, ^iraents, and 00- but as ippeared occupy a ipport, if :lie same T numer- dng the is upon on, and answer d Major Dth regi- served, proceed Dps were rom the |ur miles nt out a Dve day- tliat the le alarm our first ispersed and returned to their respective homes. Some stragglers were, however, left, Avho fired upon our advanced guard, and then took to the woods ; a few of whom were made prisoners. No intelligence having reached us from Cap- tain Barrie on Saturday night, I marched with about 7U0 men and two light field-pieces on Buckstown, at three o'clock on Sunday morning, the fourth inst., for the pur- pose of learning what ])rogress he had made, and of afford- ing him assistance, if required. This place is about eighteen miles higher up the Penobscot than Castine, and on the eastern bank of the river. Rear Admiral Griffith accompanied me on this occasion, and as we had reason to believe that the light guns which had been taken from Castine were secreted in the neighborhood of BuckstoAvn, we threatened to destroy the town, unless they were delivered up, and the two brass 3-pounders on travelling carriages were, in consequence, brought to us in the course of the day, and are now in our possession. At Buckstown we received very satisfactory accounts of the success which had attended the force employed up the river. We learned that Captain Barrie proceeded from Hampden to Bangor ; and the Admiral sent an officer in a boat from Buckstown to communicate with him, when finding there was no necessity for the troops remaining longer at Buckstown, they marched back to Castine the next day. Having ascertained that the ol>ject of the expedition up the Penobscot had been attained, it was no longer necessary for me to occupy Belfast, I therefore, on the evening of the sixth, directed Major General Gosselin to embark the troops and join me here. Machias being the only place now remaining where the enemy had a post between the Penobscot and Passama- quoddy Bay, I ordered Lieutenant Colonel Pilkington to proceed with a detachment of Royal Artillery and the 27th regiment to occupy it ; and as naval assistance w-as required. Rear Admiral Griffith directed Captain Parker, of the Tenedos, to co-operate wdth Lieutenant Colonel Pilkington on this occasion. On the morning of the ninth Captain Barrie, with Lieu- tenant Colonel John, and the troops which had been em- ployed with him up the Penobscot, returned to Castine. It seems the enemy blew up the Adams^ on his strong position at Hampden being attacked ; but all his artillery, S56 DOCUMENTARY. two stands of colors, and a standard, with several merchant vessels, fell into our hands. This, I am happy to say, was accomplished with very little loss on our part ; and your Lordship will perceive, by the return sent herewith, that the only officer wounded in this alTair is Captain Gell, of the 29th Grenadiers. [Signed.] J. C. Sherbrook. *First Company Royal Artillery, two rifle companies of the 7th batt. (iOth Regt. 29th, 62d and 98th regiments. 8. ^* - .. ■ Deeds of Peninsula School Lot. 1. Joseph Perkins to Treasurer of Castine. KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, That I, Joseph Perkins, of Castine, County of Hancock, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Merchant, in considera- tion of ninety dollars to me in hand paid by William Ma- son, of Castine, aforesaid, Clerk and Treasurer of the Town of Castine, aforesaid, in behalf of the Inhabitants of the school district in said town, commonly known and called by the name of the Peninsula School District, the receipt whereof, I do hereby acknowledge, do give, grant, sell, and convey to the said William Mason, a certain tract, or lot of land lying in said Castine, bounded and described as fol- lows, to wit: Beginning on Center street, fifty-one feet northwest from the west corner of land belonging to the heirs of Samuel Whitney, deceased ; thence running north- easterly, at right angles from said street, one hundred feet ; thence northwesterly on a line parallel with said street, thirty feet; thence southwesterly on a line parallel with the line just above described, one hundred feet to said street; and thence southeasterl} on said street thirty feet to the first mentioned bounds. To Have and to Hold the afore- granted premises to him the said William Mason, his suc- cessors in the said office or assigns, in trust to and for the sole use and benefit of the Inhabitants of the said School District, for the purpose of erecting thereon a building for the accommodation of said District for a school house for- ever. And I do covenant with the said William Mason, |i; Tierchant say, was incl your ith, that t Gell,of iROOK. Danies of lents. Hancock, ionsidera- lliam Ma- the Town ts of the nd called 3 receipt , sell, and , or lot of id as fol- -one feet ng to the ig north- red feet ; street, with the street; et to the le afore- his suc- for the School ding for use for- Mason, MUNICIPAL PERIOD. 857 his successors and assigns, that I am lawfully seized of the aforegranted premises ; that they are free of all incum- brances ; that I have a good right to sell and convey the same, in manner aforesaid ; and that I, my heirs, executors, and administrators will warrant and defend the same to the said William Mason, his successors in said office or assigns, against the lawful claims and demands of all per- sons. In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Perkins, together with Phoebe, wife of the said Joseph, she hereby relinquishing her right of dower, have hereunto set our hands and seals this twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eleven. Signed, Sealed and delivered in presence of us, David Willson. ) [Signed] JOSEPH PERKINS. [Seal.] William Abbott. \ [Signed] PHCEBE PERKINS. [Seal.] Hancock ss. 'Castine, November 4, 1811. Personally appeared the above named Joseph Perkins, and acknowl- edged the foregoing instrument to be his free act and d^ed. Before me, [Signed] WILLIAM ABBOTT, J. P. 2. JoJm Perkins to Treasurer of Castine. KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that I, John Perkins, of Castine, in the County of Hancock, Merchant, in consideration of ninety dollars to me paid by William Mason, of Castine aforesaid, Clerk and Treasurer of the Town of Castine, aforesaid, in behalf of the Inhab- itants of the school district in said town, commonly known and called by the name of the Peninsula School District, the receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge, do give, grant, sell and convey to the said William Mason a certain tract or lot of land lying in said Castine, bounded and described as follows, to wit : beginning on Center street, twenty-one feet northwest from the Avest corner of land belonging to the heirs of Samuel Whitney, deceased ; thence running northeasterly at right angles from said street one hundred feet ; thence northwesterly on a line parallel with said street thirty feet ; thence southwesterly on a, line parallel with the line first above described one 46 858 DOCUMENTARY. hundred feet to said street ; and then southeasterly on said street to the bounds first mentioned. To Have and to Hold the aforegranted premises to him the said WilHam Mason, his successors in the said office or assiffns, in trust to and for the sole use and benefit of the Inhabitants of the said School District, for the purpose of erecting thereon a building for the accommodation of said District for a school house forever. And I do covenant ■with the said William Mason, his successors and assigns, that I am lawfully seized of the premises ; that they are free of all incumbrances ; that I have good right to sell and convey the same in manner aforesaid ; and that T, my heirs, executors and administrators, will warrant and de- fend the same to the said William ^lason, his success. >rs in said otfice or assigns, against the lawful claims and demands of all persons. In witness Avhereof, I the said John Perkins, have hereunto set my hand and seal this twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and eleven. [Signed] JOHN PERKINS, [l. s.] his X mark. Signed, Sealed and delivered in presence of us. The words " in trust " interlined before signing, [Signed] B. HALL. Hancock ss. Castine, November 4, 1811. Then the aforenamed John Perkins acknowledged the aforegoing instrument to be his free act and deed. Before me, [Signed] B. HALL, Justice of Peace. 9. Deed of lleetin^-House Lot, ^c. John Perkins to Inhabitants of Castine. KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, That I, John Perkins, of Castine, in the County of Han- cock, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Gentleman, in consideration of ten dollars, paid by the Inhabitants of Castine, in said County, the receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge, do hereby give, grant, sell and convey unto the said Inhabitants a certain piece or lot of land lying and being in said Town of Castine, and bounded as fol- MUNICIPAL PERIOD. 850 J on said ?s to him . office or it of the Lirpose of n of said covenant assigns, they are t to sell tiat I, my and de- DesK.)rs in demands I Perkins, ity-eighth I hundred [l. s.] Then the foregoing Peace. N^TS, Y of Han- entleman, )itants of lo hereby ivey inito and lying ed as fol- lows, viz : — Beginning at the northerly corner hounds of a piece of hind lately conveyed l)y ('ai)tain Joseph Perkins to tlie Inhal)itants of the bounty of Hancock ; thence run- ning northeast by land improved by James Perkins, Henry Whitney and myself, to land belonging to William Free- man, Esfp, to a post, being the west corner bound of said I'^reeman's land ; thence southeast by said Freeman's land to Court street ; thence southwest on said Court street to said land conveyed as aforesaid to said Inhabitants of said County; thence northwest on the same land to the bound first mentioned. Said land is hereby conveyed to said Inhabitants of saidCastine, for the )>ublio buildings of said town, and other public uses— on wliich t!ie Meeting IFouse and School House now stand — whenever the i)remises shall cease to be improved by said Inhabitants for said purposes, the same shall then revert to the said John Perkins and his heirs : reserving however a free jMissiige to said Whitney from his dwelling house to said Court street. To have and to Hold the aforegranted premises to the said Inhabitanis of said Castine for said jmrposes, t^ their use and behoof forever. And I do covenant with the said Iniiahitants of said Castine and their successors, that I am lawfully seized in Fee of the afore-granted premises ; that they are free of all incumbrances ; that I have good right to sell and conve}'' the same to the said Inhabitants of the siiid C.tsline ; and that I will warrant and defend the same premises to the said Inhabitants of said Castine and their successors forever, against the lawful claims and demands of all jKjrsons. In witness whereof, I, the said John Perkins, have here- unto set my hand and seal this seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of us. Mason Shaw. ) re- i i Doty Little. [[Signed.] [Signed.] , JOHN PERKINS, [l. s.] J his X mark. . Hancock ss. Castine, June 7, 1815. Then the above named John Perkins, personally appeared and acknowl- edged the above instrument to be his free Act and Deed. Before me, [Signed.] MASON SHAW, Justice of Peace. ' 860 DOCUMENTARY. 10. Deeds of Common Lot. 1. Wimloiu Lewix to Inhabitants of Castine. KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, Tliat I, Winslow Lewis, of Moston, in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Physician, in consideration of seventy- five dollars, to me paid by the Inhabitants of the Town of Castine, in the County of Hancock, in the State of Maine, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, do by these presents grant, remise, release, and forever QUIT CLAIM, unto the said Inhabitants, and their successors, and assigns, all my right, tilU;, interest and estate in and to a tain piece or parcel of land situated in said Cas- tine, ind known as the Common Lot, upon which the Count}' Buildings of the said County of Hancock were placed, and bounded as follows, namely: northwesterly by land of the heirs of the late Peggy Brooks, and by land of William Witherell, and Charles J. Abbott; southeast- erly by Court street; northeasterly by Castine Common ; and southwesterly by land of Otis Little; being the same lot assigned to liufus Perkins, by Commissioners of Divi- sion, as will appear by their Report in Hancock County Probate Office. To have and to hold the above described Premises, to them the said Inhabitants, their successors and assigns, to their use and behoof forever. And I do covenant for my heirs, executors, and admin- istrators, to and with them, their successors and assigns, that I will and my heirs shall warrant and defend the said Premises unto them, their successors and assigns, against the hiAvful claims of all persons f^laiming by, through, or under me but not otherwise. And for the consideration aforesaid, and for divers other good and valuable considerations, I, Emeliiie Lewis, wife of the said Winslow Lewis, do hereby release, and Quit Claim unto the said Inhabitants, their sviccessors and as- signs, all my right, claim, or possibility of dower, in or out of the afore-described premises. In witness whereof, we, the said Winslow Lewis ,tnd Emeline Lewis, have hereunto set our hands and seals this MUNICIPAL PERIOD. 861 ne. NTS, (lonwealtli P seventy- thc Town I State of h'dged, do ver QUIT 5UCCOS80rS, itc in and Haid Cas- which the cock were thwesterly id by land southeast- Common ; y the same ra of Divi- ck County described cessors and nd admin- id assigns, nd the said ns, against hrough, or ivers other lewis, wife , and Quit )rs and as- owor, in or Ltvvis und d se.ils this twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and forty. Signed, scaled and delivered in presence '^f us, The words " by Lonimissioners of Division " previously interlined, John A. Andrew. ) re- n A. IT. Fiske. f^^^'"^^^3 [Signed] [Signec WINSLOW LEWIS. EMELINE LEWIS. jned^ EMELINE LEWIS, [l. s!] [Signed] RACHEL CARLETON, i ^^^"^^V'' ^'^"''^.^""^ *- o J 'of Emeline Lewis. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Suffolk ss. 29th April, A. D. 1840. Then personally appeared the above-named Winslow Lewis, and acknowl- edged the foiegoini,niistruraent to be his free act and deed. Before me [Signed] A. H. FISKE, Justice of I'eace. [Recorded in Book No. 72, Page 506.] 2. 0^18 Little to Inhabitants of Castine. KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, That I, Otis Little, of Castine, in the County of Han- cock, and State of Maine, Esq., and Dorothy Little, my wife, in her right, in consideration of fifty dollars, pai ' by Silas H. Martin, Rowland H. Bridgham, and Jonathan Perkins, Selectmen of Castine, and in behalf of the Inhab- itants of said town, the receipt whereof we do hereby acknowledge, do hereby remise, release, bargain, sell and convey, and forever QUIT CLAIM unto the said Inhabit- ants of Castine, their heirs and assigns forever, all our right, title, and interest in and to a certain piece of land situated in Castine, and bounded a ^ follows, viz : Begin- ning at the corner post of Otis Little's garden fence ; thence northwesterly by the Town House, eighteen inches from the same, seventy-six feet eight inches to a stake and stones at the corner of the Town House, eighteen inches from the same ; thence northeasterly nineteen feet eight inches to a stal^e and stones ; thence southeasterly seventy- six feet four inches to the street ; thence southwesterly twenty-one feet four inches to the bounds first mentioned ; 862 DOCUMENTARY. it beinpf part of the ground on which the Town Honse now stiinds. To IIiivc and to IIo]), Aiuh-ow Collins, A. IJ. Osf^^ood, Vj. S. IVrkiiis, (ieo. W. Jaivis, John CJiirlf, JamcH li. Crawford, ,, be tj: 3 * X ^ z, » W* —44 ■■^ v4J ^^ V^ ^*^ «: 3 '-^ ► 3 4h "^ *H ^ »-H ^^ ^ ^^- fH ^ -f ^ '■» ' "T 3 :5 3 ^^ O j=x:^ J ^ S M o "3 -^^ s "T 5 3 -3-3 S -B^By, +j i-( 1-1 i-l 01 r-c X 5-1 X ^1 (Tl II r-i ?l r-l "Tl Tl ■* ^ H S r* ' &4 THe^csMtiftot-aoosorHffiMM* '«•»!- <»oj©»- (NS*IS«s5SVlff1 i •73 (U ir- to «i (- 00 a r^ h "Z '« •/; y-l 3 '^ • >» * r'C 3 _> > 5 -» 3 4-j 5 • ^ ■*-• 3 -t =: . -3 z 3 r-<,^ 1 3 3 = i*/; : i'-s .-^'c^ 2 :z53=::^ 3 "= ® ?.= t-4 2 ^' £ £ t"-^ U u 1h ^c^ & , ^ o SisiV 3 5 = 2. :^ 5-:: p i;;?.;^?.^^^!. •^ 3 ca GO o ^ --i •» o ^ 3 > .»' -r-( ^ X »r ^» ^ - t; O -• F^ 5 d ^ t. 3 n S ^^_ o 'V u > a J3 3 ;j .•-5 ... 5^ 5 iS^ ■K u r" a • • ttv. > • - > Is'^' " '-^< ■=•§.= . •■ • -^ t- 1- . "^ ; = = J; s o 3 5 ; C C O U U i. 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" W b£i:'2 ^0 r% c;^ 3 a 6 s;-CCMsVMteW~« ^ aj J- « .. ., ^ 12; •-= ~j: _.3 js •^ •-■.-.• -*.^ ^^ - r- -3 -O • 3 Mr- CI II '.* 1 '^^ ...... . « f^ ^«rf s««= « .§i.f.s = > 2 s-g « . ~ a -a • -^ ^ ^ i-s ., a 2 --^i - V ci t.-3 •7 rr^^ i; C fe S "4 ^ ^ MUNICIPAL PERIOD. )i^ ku^u^u^i^ .■3 ■*rf a .— ™ *!!; r- '^ •t: c ac a p i) o a a £ 2 3 .a a GO a"' -a '-'3 hq I 4) r El Is o a *> o ■r" '/. a ".ft Si •-. T _ o^?i!r~ir,ri^S"Se5^el kI tQ •4— * ta=.§ 2 n a'^ - -I- a ih 0) a 871 -a bL -.-. - ,.. ,_„x- , g_^ „ HH I 872 DOCUMENTARY. 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Tl '-' ffj Its l-H i'l?5| >■ 3 tc >^ b£ l^^ll Xi 3- O-tJ 53 S^ is., ^s^ ^i^ 2"' 2|2 £ 3- O 3 u 3 'C o a 3{o'a'~aVM"i-rM M^w «^'';i5 m";!? ;5 M d d w -^'i-Tm a ;»r w >^66i4-<^>^x'S ■*r-lTH w^ ^-:-) ^ -x:j3^xi fl.a J3j3.a ^jsjs -a jr ,a j= ^^ O fc," t>.^OPH O .a te Pi 1^ Qj a ^^ a -3 a ^W 'H.5« >>■« >-S>-l ■.Z >• 3O y ?: v: « ,-— >.£ £ «.3 o s o .a jj. -a!«|f Mi S 3 S-'5-^ 3 a 33333333 s« IS J- » .3 3 u ^ ^SJ§?5S^^^3^2S^S-j^2S^S3gSi:^SS5SgS3SS3SS 48 S 874 DOCUMENTAET. C © M I 2 « . p ;/j - V.-3 7 ■" ^ V % 3 o O « S W •g ii OJ J^ (U V « o s o to 5 £ 5 "? 5 t\y-^ OS H^^non 3J'E o '^ o a ^^ »* rv •* ^ifsppi ■w © ,1-9 C O O J3 n ^J3 O^.S. O 55 ->;^fsp:p- ?tgi^"SSJS?5SS'54 ;> Ha.= "2.2 » M r « B ♦ S M £ .• H H ■1 oio fh ji to •<< lJ 1-1 *» ff » (W m (m >;9 s -'©a ■2 «i © i?;?'!^ a. 2 - cj „ j- '*s.2r5Nc;3-atT3 •■ »• t'4>ii>4)iC'a ,M^_'«iea §©•§ «v.3fc,pnaa«3 iHe^cO'*i«;et-ooas Jg a ^ 5f^ 375 APPENDIX. 1. List of Plants Found in Oastine and VicrNiTY. Indigenous. RANUNCULACE^Ii: (Crow Foot F .Mn.v). Ane- mono — Xc.morom (wood anemone). Ilepiitica- fr'doha. Riinunculus — F/ammnla (Sjiciivwort), Arris 0i\i* .cups), Abortivus, bulhosuK, (liuttercups), J'ennn//lvanfni8 (liristly Crowfoot). Coptis — trffoVm (Three-leaved (.luldthread^. Aquilegia — Canada iixia (wild Columbine.) NYMl'IIiEACEiE(WATKU-LiLY Family). Nympluea- Odorata (White Pond Lily). Nuphar — Advena (Yellow Pond Lily). SARRACENIACEiE (PfTCiiER Plants). Sarraop- nih— purpurea (Side-Saddle Flower). CRUCIFERTIi: (^fiTSTAiii) Famu.y). Capsella— Bu ror Pastoris (Shepherd's Purse). Cakiie — Americana (Sea Rocket). Raphanns — Mophanutrmn (Wild Radish). Sin- apis — Alha (^ White Mustard), JVu/ra (Black Mustard). Sysymbriuiu — Officinale ( Hedge Mustard). VIOLACEyE (Violet Family). Violn—blanda (Swoct "White Violet), Cucullata (Blue Violet), Canadensis (Can- ada Y'uAet), pubfscens (YelloAV Violet). DROSERACEiE (Sundew Family). D. rotundlfolia (Round-leaved Sundew). HYPERICACEiE (St. John's Wort Family). Hy- pericum — 3Iutilum, Canadense. CARYOPHYLLACEili: (Pink Fauhly). Stcllaria (Chickweed) — longifoUa (Stitch wort), borealis (Northern Stitchwort). Cerastium — arvense (Field Chickweed). Spergularia — rubra (Sandwort), Anychia — dichotoma (Forked Chickwojid). PORTULACACEiE (Purslane Family). Portula- ca — oleracea (common Purslane). MALVACE^ (Mallow Family). Malva — sylvea- ■^ ^v% ■,%. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /. // 1.0 I.I 11.25 1^ s: 11.6 i 28 12.5 2.2 SiS l|!!!2.o (U ii.6 c? c^ °m Piiotographic Sdences Corporation ^m ^\^ ^p w^- :\ \ -% \^^ \ ^.^^- X 23 WEST MAIN SUEET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 873-4503 . .n 1812. David Wilson, David Howe, Rogers Lawrence. 1813—1814. David Wilson, . Thomas Adams, Rogers Lawrence. . 1815. David Wilson, < Thomas Adams, Eliiiha Smith. t; 1816. Thomas Adams, Hezekiah Rowell, Rogers Lawrence. 1817. Thomas Adams, Bradshaw Hall, Rogers Lawrence. 1818. Thomas Adams, Bradshaw Hall, William Freeman. 1819. William Abbott, , ,. Otis Little, John Wilson. 1820. William Abbott, Otis Little, ,4 Theodore B. Mclntj-re. 1821—1824. Otis Little, Joseph Bryant, Theodore B. Mclntyre. 884 1825 OtisLiMlo, William VVitherle, Tbeodoie B. Mclntyre. 1826—1831. OUs Little, .l(>s('i)h Bryant, Theotloie B. Mclntyre, 1832. Otis Little, Joseph Byrant, Henry Emerson. 1833—1835. Samuel Adams, Ilezekiah Williams, Henry Emerson. 183G— 1838. Charles J. Abbott, Charles Rogers, John A. Avery. 1839. Charles J. Abbott, ' Charles Rogers, Jonathan Perkins. 1840—1842. Silas H. Martin, Rowland H. Bridghara, Jonathan Perkins. 1843. Hezekiah Williams, Charles Rogers, William B. Webber. 1844. Hezekiah Williams, Charles J. Abbott, Joseph Wesoott. 1845^1841. Charles J. Abbott, Stover P. Hatch, Joseph Wescott. APPENDIX. 1848—1849. Stover P. Hatch, Charles Rogers, Joseph Wescott. 18o0— 1851. Frederic A. Hooke, Charles Rogers, Joseph Wescott. 1852—1854. Stover P. Hatch, Charles Rogers, Joseph Wescott. 1855. Mark P. Hatch, Charles Rogers, Joseph Wescott. 1856—1857. Charles A. Cate, Cliarles Rogers, Joseph Wescott. 1858. Frederic A. Hooke, Stover P. Hatch, Joseph Wescott. 1359— 18G0. Samuel Adams, Charles Rogers, Joseph Wescott. 1861. Stover P. Hatch, Stephen W. Webster, Zadoc Witham. 1862. John R. Redman, Stephen W. Webster, Zadoc Witham. 1863—1805. Frederic A. Hooke, William H. Witherle, Jefferson Devereux. ■ APPENDDC. 18C6. Frederic A. Hooke, Otis Iljitch, Jeiierson Devereiix. 1867—1870. Josiah B. Woods, Thomas E. IJale, Jefferson Devercux. 885 1871—1873. Stover P. Hatch, Philip J. Hooke, Joseph VVescott. 1874. Stover P. Hatch, Philip J. Hooke, Jefferson Devereux. 8. Town Directories. 1874. CASTINE. Collector of Customs— Hon. William H. Sarirent Deputy Collector-L. G. Philbrook, Otis Little sSt^S"'^^ '"' P^ ?t"^T ;f-^A;San.uel Dunbar. TowN Clerk— Philip J. Hooke. TREASURER— Charles H. Hooper S. P?Ha?ck'''~'^' ^^' ^'°"'"' i^^ Hooper, A. J. Raffnell, W' wXte? jr™-'- '''• ^^■^^^^^' '' ''' ^^h^^-g' ^• J. w!^wS:Sr^|- ^^^^' ^"^- '' H. Moores, MetL; Notary Public— Chas. J. Abbott. JusTiCES-Geo. F. Tilden, Chas. J. Abbott, L G Phil ^ ;.| wi^ii S^^:!;t,^s:Lf s f S^^ W^'Sf r'r^^r'^Tf' ^^^^^g«"t' Witherle & Co., Chas. W Iilden& Co.,rt M. Joyce, J. B. Crawford, Hooper & Shepherd, c% and block maker; B. J. Wilson, Aoa^ builder; John Bridges, A. J. RafFnell, Geo. II. Emerson, «mj^A«; Elisha S. Perkins, Frank Perkins, painters ; Dresser & Surry, mackerel lines; E. II. Buker, mason; S. W. Web- ster, William M. Lawrence, Geo. 1j. Weeks, master car- penters; J. M. Dennett, William Morgrage, sadmakers ; D. W. Webster, Jr., yrist and shingle mill ; Chas. Witham, boots and shoes. Schools. — Eastern State Normal School. J. W. Dresser, 31ember of Board of Trustees ; G. T. Fletcher, Principal ; Castine Free High School, Edward P. Sampson, Principal. Associations. — Masons — Hancock, No. 4. 1st Thurs. in month. /. 0. Cf. T. — llisnig Virtue, weekly on Sat. eve. Livery Stables — Hooper Bros. — North, Geo. H. Emerson. Hotels — Horatio E. Ilodsden; North, Geo. H. Emer- son. U. S. Revenue Cutter — Dobbin — Capt. Chas. Abbey, Coinmander. Belfast & Castine Steamboat — Pioneer — Jeremiah Hatch, Captain. Bucksport and Castine Stage — Office at Hotel. Belfast and Castine Packet — jSpg — H. D. Hods- don, Agent. Eastern Express Agent — Chas. W. Tilden. Agent for Steamer Lewiston — Chas. W. Tilden. BROOKSVILLE. Postmasters — J. Walker; South, h. M.Bates; West, Luther Tapley ; North, Mrs. Emily Blodgett. Selectmen — David Varnum, William Wasson, Joseph Redman. booJci* and >. S. Vose, in, Samuel ind shoes ; n & Son, [e, Agent; .Tool Per- I. H. Ilob- tt builder; m, smiths ; Dvc'hser & W. Web- master car- \admakcrs ; ?. Witham, V. Dresser, Principal ; Principal. 1st Thurs. ly on Sat. Geo. H. H. Eraer- us. Abbey, Jeremiah Hotel. D. Hods- Tilden. pes; West^ In, Joseph APPENDIX. 387 V Town Clerk — C. E. Snow. Treasukeu — Amos Gott. ; CoNSTAULES — Sanuiel Condon, R;;^lmrd Condon. School Supeuvlsor — Lucius M. Perkins. Clergymen — Vacant; West, II. H. Hutchinson, Cong.; F. A. Hragdon (Penobscot) Meth. ; South, T. Shepherd- son, Cong. JusTicFS— J. G. Walker, F. P. Billin-fs, D. S. Gray, William Wasson, Jeremiah Jones, Quorum; David Was- 8on, G. V. Mills, Trial. Merchants — S. Babson, L. M. Perkins ; West, G. IT. E'*^<>vson, Douglas, David Billings; South, E. C. Chatto, E. H. Bates, S. D. Gray ; North, C. Staples, dry goods and groceries. Manufacturers — J. «& J. G. Walker, clothiers and lumber ; South, S. D. Gray, lumber ; Joseph Wescott & Son, granite; North, E. P. Parker, lumber; West, J. P. Tapley, smith. Associations — 7. 0. fl.T. — TTes^, Bagaduce, Saturday. C. W. 2'.— Saturday. Hotel — Samuel Babscu. . PENOBSCOT. Postmasters — Sylvia Perkins ; North, Phebe Osgood ; South, Edward White. Selectmen — Charles Leach, Sf.muel Farnham, Ellery Varnum. Town Clerk — Ellery Varnum. Treasurer — Rufus Leach. Constable and Collector. — Monroe Ward well. School Committee — Elizabeth Leach, Peleg G. Sta- ples, S. D. Staples. Clergymen — F. A. Bragdon, 3Ieth. ; vacant. Baptist. Justices — W. Grindle, Jr., Peleg G. Staples, James Leach, Charles Leach, William G. Heath, Qtiorum; S. H. Perkins, Trial. Merchants — Josiah Varnum, Horace Perkins, Phebe Osgood, Bowden & Grindle, J. Wesley Leach, variety ; Mrs. Abbie Condon, millinery. Manufacturers — Isaac B. Goodwin, John D. Gray, boots and shoes ; James Smith, M. Littlefield, John Ward- well, Benj. Cushman, coopers (fish barrels) ; D. Grindle, 88S APPENBTT, Whlfo, Grindlo & Co., staves ; W. S. ITiitohins & SoriH, Sinitli & (jlrindle, I*(!nol)sc(»t lirick (Jo., bricks; Wiinlwcll Hro:;., S. liowdon, Stoi)li(;n (roodvvin, smiths; Julm li. Liivvrcnco, R. W. Dcivorcnx, harnesses. Akho<;iationh — 1. 0. 0. T. — Penobscot Jiay, Saturday ; North, Kochab, Saturday. "I ' Ai'eiimnx.. 'iitchins & D., hrlcks ; n, umitha ; Saturday ; 389 9. A f'riuoNor.ooicAr. Taiuji of Local Evkxts— TNCLTiD- iNf;, af.so, THK NamKS of TIIK liKIfJXING Mf)\AFlCnS OF KnOI.ANI) ANT) FrANCIS, AM) OF TflF (ioVICUNOU.S OF TlflO ('OMMr)NVVKALTir OF TflF StATK. 1555. I'ciioljsftot hay (loscrihod by T\w.v6t, who refers to iui old Fnuicl, r„rt in this vicinity .-_J{(-i^rn of Queen Mary, of hu^hnd ; and Ifenry If, of France. 7."^?^*; ,V'"i"'J''!''" vi.silH this region. — James I, of hti^hm,}; Henry JV, of Frane(!. 1605. I'enoi)Keot river and bay explored by James Jto/i(!r. 1611. Fij.ther IJiard visits this region,— Louis XIIL of J:' ranee. 1613. r^oJony of St. Sanvier formed in France. <"'. ap- tain Ar^r;ill,of Virj^inia, cast ashore here. First French iort probably erected here about this time. 1614. (:a])tain John Smith reports finding a settlement Jierc!. 1620. Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth. 1626. Trarb'ng house established by Isaac Alhjrton, iind(;r direction of IMymouth Colony of Massaehnsetts.— (diaries I, of Fngland. 1632. 'I'rading house surprised and rilled by the irrMitdi under Hosilhjn. 1635. Trading house attacked and occupied by A idney. Caj>taMi (iulii.g and Mih;s Standish attcunpt to, regain il J)eath of Razillal. 1643. La Tour attacdcK some of Aulnev's men at a mdl Louis XIV, of France. (Jonfederation of New Lnghirid (;olonies. 1644. La Tour attacks and burns a farm house of ' Aulney's. Articles of peace concluded lictween Aulney and Liidicott, Governor of New England. lOK?' }^"'^\ ^'^'" ''^■^'* ""^"^^' "^""^ "^' ^-ip'";!''" chapel. 1651. Death of Aulney. La Tour marries his widow. 60 Oliver Crom- Tour, 390 APPENDIX. 1654, Pontagoet taken by the English, well Protector, of Englan«l. 1656. Patent of Acadia from Cromwell to La Temple and Crovvne. 1662. Captain Thomas Bredion in command of Fort. Edward Naylor in command of " Negew," of Penobscot. Charles II, of England. 1665. Baron Castin stationed at Quebec. The Dutch surrendered New York the year before. 1667. Treaty of Breda. Pentagoet nominally re- turned to the French. Arrival of Baroji Castin at Pen- tagiiet. 1670. Fort Pentagoet sun-endered by Colonel Temple to Grandtontaine. 1671. Sixty passengers, including four girls and one woman, arrive in the V Granger. 1673. Grandfontaiiie succeeded by M. Chambly. Pop- ulation of Pentagiiet (white), thirty-one. 1674. Fort Pentagoet taken by a Flemish corsair, under command of Ca])tain Jurriaen Aernoots. 1676. Pentagiiet taken by the Dutch. 1686. Seizure of some wines by Thomas Sharp, under orders of Palmer and West. James II, of England. Andros, Governor of New England. 1687. Castin notified by the Government of New England to surrender PentagJiet. 1688. Probable date of Castin's marriage to a daugh- ter of Madockavvando. Visit here of Sir Edmund Andros. 1689. Thomas Gyles tortured by the Indians on the heights of Bagaduce. Census of Pentagoet, (whites), four. William III, and Mary, of England, 1690. Sir William Phipps takes possession of the place. King William's War begins. 1692. Attempted abduction of the Baron Castin. The colonies of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay unitea. Hangitig for witchcraft in Massachusetts. 1693. Castin gives in his adhesion to the English. Population of Pentagilet (whites), fourteen. 1694. S ur Villieu in command. Governor Phipps receives a d id of Pentagoet from Madockawando. 1697. reaty of Uyswick. Conference between Com- missioners and Indians. Death of Madockawando. 1698. One Caldin (or Alden) trades at Pentagoet. APPENDIX. 391 '^er Crom- La Tour, I of Fort, 'enobscot. he Dutch rially re- tt at Pen- il Temple 1 and one ^ly. Pop- li corsair, rp, under England. of New a daugh- 1 Andros. ns on the (whites), n of the ri Castin. ly unitea. English. r Phipps o. een Conv llo. agoet. 1701. Baron Castin returns to France. — Stoughton, Lt. Governor. 1703. House of Anselm Castin plundered hy the Eng- lish. — Anne, of England. Queen Anne's war began the previous year. Joseph Dudley, Governor. 1704. A daughter of Baron Castin captured by Church. The Castin family remove to (^anada. 1707. Anselm Castin takes part in engagement at Port Royal. Accompanies Levingstone to Canada, and saves his life. Marries Charlotte I'Amours. His two sisters marry Frenchmen. 1721. Anselm Castin captured and taken to Boston. — George, of England ; Louis XV, of France. 1722. Anselm goes to B(!arne, France. 1725. Joseph Dabadis St. Castin is attacked by the master of an English vessel, and has an English lad taken from him. William Dummer, Lieut. Governor. 1760. Lincoln (/ounty established. George III, of England. Sir Francis Bernard, Governor. 1762. Twelve townships granted by the Provincial General Court to David Marsh and others. 1764. William Hutchings born October 6th, — one year before the Stamp Act. 1776. Chart of Penobscot bay published by order of the English Parliament. Louis XVI, of France. Decla- ration OF Independence. 1779. The English take possession of Majabagaduce, and the Americans make an unsuccessful attempt to recap- ture it. Fort George and a number of batteries built. 1780. The bay frozen over from here to Camden. General Wadsworth and Major Burton escape from Fort George. John Hancock, Governor of Massachusetts. 1781. General McLean died at Hahfax. The English attempt to plant a colony at this place, which they call "New Ireland." 1783. Charles Steward interred in what is now the cemetery of Castine. The first burial there. Peace with England. 1784. The Tories are ordered by the Federalists to leave this region. 1785. James Bowdoin, Governor of Massachusetts. The General Court confirms the title of Plantation No. 3. Survey of the Plantation made by John Peters. 392 APPENDIX. 1787. The town of Penobscot incorporated Feljiuary 23(1. John Hancock, Governor of the Commonwealth. 1788. George Thatcher, first Representative of Penob- scot to the General Conrt of Massachusetts. Constitution of tlie United States adopted. 1789. Penobscot made a Collection District. 1790. Hancock County established. Penobscot made the shire town. 1791. lieverend Isaac Case removed here from Thom- aston. Vermont admitted to the Union. 1793. Home stocks erected near the Court House. — Samuel Adams, Lieut. Governor. 1794. Hancock Lodge F. & A. M., chartered. Sam- uel Adams, Governor. 1795. First tavern in Penobscot kept by IVIr. Brewer. 1796. Jonathan Powers settled as first minister in Penobscot. Town of Castine incorporated and made the shire, February 10th. Isaac Parker elected as first Repre- sentative. Tennessee admitted to the Union. 1797. Pul)lic welcome given to Mr. Parker, on his return from General ('ourt. Increase Sumner, Governor. 1798. Reverend William Mason ordained as first min- ister in Castine. 1799. Castine Journal published. Moses Gill, Lieut. Governor. 1800. Washington's death commemorated, February 23d. Ship Hiram captured by the French and re-captured. First Methodist sermon preached in Castine, by Reverend Joshua Taylor. Caleb Strong, Governor. 1804. Insurrection west of Belfast. Militia ordered to be in readiness for service. 1807. Castine Cemetery purchased. Reverend Jon.athan Powers died November 8th. James Sullivan, Governor. Embaego. 1809. Fort Point Ferry Co., incorporated. The "Eagle" published. Christopher Gore, Governor. Embargo repealed. 1810. Castine Mechanic Association incorporated. — Elbridge Gerry, Governor. 1811. Ebenezer Ball hung. 1812. Declaration of War against England, June 18. Caleb Strong, Governor. Louisiana admitted to the Union. 1813. Memorial of town of Castine against the war. 1814. Castine made a Port of Entry. British occupy the town, dig a canal and throw up batteries. Treaty of APPENDIX. 893 '. FeT)ruary wealth, of Penob- >nstitution »scot made om Thom- Hoiise. — ed. Sara- r. Brewer. linister in [ miide the vst Repre- er, on his Governor, i first min- rill, Lieut. February -captured. Reverend ordered to I Jonathan Governor. e "Eagle" ) repealed, jora^ed. — , June 18. he Union, he war. sh occupy Treaty of Peace, December 24, 1815. British troops evacuate Castine, April 28th. Town illuminated. United States troops take possession. 1816. Castine Bank estabhshed. John Brooks, Gov- , ernor. Indiana admitted to the Union. 1817. Susup tried for the murder of Knight. Doctor Moses Adams tried for the murder of his wife. The town of Brooksville incorporated, June 18th. A part of Penob- scot set off to Castine. Mississippi admitted to the Union. 1819. United States abandons Fort George. Alabama admitted to the Union. 1820. Trinitarian Church organized in Castine. Maine admitted to the Union. W.lliam King the first Governor of the State. 1824. Arrival of first steamboat at Castine. Albion K. Parris, Governor. 1825. Seth Elliot hung. 1826. First Congregational Society of Brooksville organized. Death of Adams and Jefferson, July 4. 1828. Rope-Avalk burned, March 6th. "Eastern American " published. Penobscot Steamboat Navigation Co. incorporated. Enoch Lincoln, Governor. 1830. Rope-walk again burned, October 7th. Jona- than G. Hunton, Governor. 1832. Orthodox Church dedicated. May 30th. Sam- uel E. Smith, Governor. 1833. Castine Poor-farm purchased. 1834. Resignation and departure from town of Rever- end William Mason. Robert P. Dunlap, Governor. 1835. Steam Flour Mill erected in Castine. 1836. Town-house built in Penobscot. 1838. Courts removed to Ellsworth. Edward Kent, Governor. 1839. Hancock Guards organized. They go to the Aroostook. John Fairfield, Governor. Boundary troubles between Great Britain and the United States. 1840. Castine purchases the Court-house for a Town- house. Finding of the " Castine Coins." Edward Kent, Governor. 1842. Two houses burned in Castine, March 26th. John Fairfield, Governor. 1845. Bagaduce fire engine purchased. Hugh J. Anderson, Governor. 1846. Town-house built in Brooksville. I' ' 894 APPENDIX. 1849. Brooksville Manufacturing Co., and South Bay- Meadow Dam Co. incorporated. John W. Dana, Gover- nor. 1855. Castine Town Library established. Anson P. Morrill, Governor. 1857. Disastrous fire in Castine, March 1st. Joseph H. Williams, Acting Governor. 1858. Castine Light Infantry organized. Lot M. Morrill, Governor. 1861. War of Rebellion. Castine Light Infantry leave town for place of rendezvous, April 27th. Hancock Lodge F. & A. M. re-chartered. Israel Washburn, Jr., Governor. 1863. Finding of the "Copper Plate." AbnerCoburn, Governor. 1866. William Hutchings died May 3d. Samuel Cony, Governor. 1867. State Normal School established in Castine. Castine Brick Co. incorporated. Joshua L. Chamberlain, Governor. 1868. Orthodox Church of Castine, re-dedicated. 1873. State Normal School-house dedicated May 22(' , Hector Fire-engine purchased. Sidney Perham, Gover- nor. 1874. Edward Griffith (Lord Egmont) died -. 395 South Bay na, Gover- Anson P. t. Joseph Lot M. b Infantry Hancock iburn, Jr., er Coburn, iiuel Cony, I Castine. amberlain, ated. May 22(', m, Gover- GENERAL INDEX Abduction of Castin. attempted, 24, 278. Abifjuil.tlie Schooner,!)."). Abridgement of Letter of Brouillan to Minister. 28.3—284. Acadia, 18, 20, 250, 254. Acadia, Governor of, 17, 19. Account of Capture of Castine in 1814, 35;^— 356. Account of Sir John Moore's Sliirmisb , 336—337. Account of Town against "State, 163— 1(55. Account of what transpired in Canada in 1696, 279. Act of Incorporation of Broolisville. 351. Act of Incorporation of Castine, 343— 845. Act of Incorporation of Penobscot, 342 — 343, Act of Surrender of Fort Pentagiiet, 1670, 254—25(5. ^ Act to set otr part of Penobscot to Cas- tine, 352. Active, the Brig, as, 46, 304. Acts of Legislature, &c., 64—66, 73, 76, 81, 140, 239, 342-345. ,351 , 352. Adams, the Ship, 232, a")3— a55. Adams & Nourse's Independent Chron- icle, ;J40.' Agent for Proprietors, 67, 69. Agoney, 14. Albany, the Sloop, 40, 291, 292, 296, 302, 323,326,327. ' ' ' ' Algemogin, 65, 312. Americans, the, 36—38, 46, 48. American Attack, 41—44. cruisers and privateers, 36. dead, buriid ' mc. of, 42. expedition, 37 — 40,46. fleet, 38, 40, 45. landing-phice, 41, 42, 192. officer, statement of an, 41. repulse, 45, 4(5. Ships, list of, 304. Amirganganeque, the river, 275. Amount of monev donated in 1861, 189. Amusements, 86—87. Anecdotes, 25, 27, 48, 49—52, 109—110. 218. Animals, 58—59. Anniversaries, 87-88. Appendix, 375—394. Appropriations, 68—70, 72, 74, 76, 83. 84, 112, 115, 116, 121, 136, 138, 240, Area, 56. Arrival of sick and wounded at Col. Brewer's, 331. Arrivals of birds, fishes, Ac, 60, 63. Artillery Companv, 86, 88, 89, 156, 162. Associations. 89, Ol. Associated Refugees, the, 65. Atlantic House, the, 91. Attack by Captain Girling, 17. La Tour, 18, 19. the English, 25. the Dutch, 30. the French, 17. P'lemish Corsairs, 30. Pirates, 260—262. on Bangor and Ilampden, 3.55. on Belfast, 354. , on Buckstown,aV). Authors and Publishers, 92,93, 129,226, Back Cove, the, 51, 158, 191. Bagaduce Fire Engine, 83, 102. House, 92. Peninsula of, 55, 75, 111. liiver, course of, 65. Names of, 15. Bakcmnn's Mountain, 185. Ball, trial of, &c., 105. Band, Lawrence's Cornet, 148. Bangor, a half-sliire town. 104. Packet the, 159. Baptisms, Number of, 125. Baptist Society of Brooksville, 133. Batteries, 40—43, 158. 189—192, 228. Battery,— East Point Batterv, 190. Furieuse, 189. Gosselin, 190. Griffith, 191. Nautilus Island, 192. Penobscot, 189—190. Sherbrooke, 190. Wescott's, 190, 325. West Point, 191. Betsey & Jane, the Schooner, 173. Bill of sale, a, 171. Biograi)hical Sketches, 198—238. Birds, ,58. Black Prince, the Shin, 38, 304. Blande, the, 45, 307, 327. Block House, the, 191. Point, 41. Bluehill Mountain, 185. Board of Health, the, 82. War, the State, 38. Bombay, the Steamer, 228. Boston Massacre, the, 158. 896 INDE5. Boston RpRimcnt, the, 168. Eoiiiulurics, 5"), 1H5. BountioH, 7H, 80, H4, 1(W, 241. Hredii, treaty of, 20, 251— 2.)2. Brewer's visit to Lovell, .'J2. to McLean, 329, 331-332. British, the, 20, 30, 31, 30, 37, 40, 41, 43-48, r)2. 77. loO, loS, 157—101, 170, 173, 174, 177, 183, 188—193, 198, 199, 219, 32H. Broolisville Miiiuifticturiug Company. 180. Sailors iuvvar ofllebellion, 371. Soldiers in warof Ilebellion, 370—371. Town of, 13, iw— 57. 133— 136, 158, 102, 108, 109, 180, 181, 185, 192, 199, 208, 20!», 230, 239, 241, 242 —243. Buck's Harbor, 73, 135, 185. Bulwark, tlie (man-of-war), 157. Burhante, tlie Frigate. 157. Bv-Laws of Castiui^, 83. Oiilef's Journal of the Siege, 290—303. Camilla, the, 45. Canulcn, capture of the, 229, 231. Cannon, 192—193, 255— 250, 257—259, 325, 355. Capture and escape of Wadsworth and Burton, 49—52. Captures bv the English, 20, 37, 157— 159, 353—356. of vessels, 44—40,94—98, 259, 327. Capuchins— See Priests. Caribbee Islands, the, 250. Carignan Salieres, regiment of, 21, 264. Castiu, character of Baron, 22—23. concerning sons of Buron, 287 —289.' family of, &c., 23, 24—28. house of 22. gardenof22, 256, 257. letters concerning, 264-265. 270 273, 278, 279, 282, 284, 286, 2S7 orchard' of, 22, 250, 257. from, 208-270, 285. to, 263—264. Castine,— Academy, 139—142. Bank, 177, 180. Brick Company, 180. "Coins," 194—195. Gazette, the, 92, 93. Health fulness of, 29, 61—62, 103—104, 219. House, the, 92. Journal, the, 93. Light Infantry, 166—168. Mechanic Association, 179. Soldiers in War of Ilebel- lion, 366—369. Sailors in War of Rebellion, 369, The Brig, 229, 232. Castine,— the town of, 13, 55— .'iO, 61. 65, 70—84. 1.35—154, 162 —1(58,170-197,209-212, 214—229, 232-238, 244, 245. the village of, 85—110, 185— 197. Cato, the Sloop, 159. Cemetery, the, 76, 83, 108, 240. Census, 32, 270. Center Street, 14*^. Chain ^Manufactory, 180. Chapels, 111, 131, 186. 255, 257. Charts of the Coast. .30. 37. Chest found at 2d Narrows, 324—325. Cholera, the, 82, 104. Infantum, 103. Chronological Tal)le, 389-.394. Churches. (J4,68, 69,75, 89, 112—115, 118, 120, 129—132. Church Members, 117, 122, 125. 127. Organization, 110, 117, 122, 126, 130—134. Citizens Prominent in Nation, State, &c. 226 229. Clergymen, 74, 70, 112, 116—133, 209— 212. Climate, 59—63. Coasting in Street forbidden, 81. Coast Survey, the V. S., 36. Cobb House, the, 193. Cotteo House. Woodman's. 88, 91. Collectors of Customs for Port of Cas- ting, .380. Colonv, the French, 1(5. ' the Plymouth, 16, 17. Commerce, the Schooner, 99. Connnercial History. 170 — 183. Commissioners, 30. 33, 76. Connnitteeof Public Safety, 78, 79. Common, the, 80, 83. Condition of Fort Pentagoet, 1670, 256 —258. Confession of Faith and Covenant, 117, 122. Congregational Society of Brooksville, 133—134. Congregational Society of Castine, 120, —120, 126—130. Congregational Society of Penobscot, 117—120. Consumption, Pulmonary, 103. Contest between Auluey and La Tour, 18—19. Copper Plate, the, 195—196. Correspondence in the Seasons, 63. Corporations, 179 — 180. " Cotton's Hf!ad," 190. Courts and Trials, 104—108. Court House, 83, 88, 129. Martial, 46. of Guard, 254. Courts removed to Ellsworth, 82. Cove, Maple Juice 48. Mathews', 319. Crescent, the, 93. INDEX. 397 ')-)— r.o, 01. )-ir>t, i(i2 7.'20!t— 212, -238, 2J4, -110, 185— 10. 07. i, 324—325. (94. 2—115, 118, 125. 127. <> 1—, tion, State, -133, 209— n,81. 88,91. ort of Cas- 17. »9. 183. ', 78, 79. t, 1670, 256 enant,117, 5rooksville, astine, 120, Penobscot, 103. d La Tour, ous, (j3. th, 82. Crops, the, 57. Cross, iHiaiul. 40, 292. Croup, th(^ 103. Crows, Hounty for, 78. Crustaceans, 59. Customs and Ktivenuc, 177—178. Deaths bv Drowning. 98—09. Deeds, 3J, 115, 142, 145, 355, 350. Deeds of Couinjon Lot, 300 — 302. Meeting House Lot, 358— 3.59. I'eninsuhi School Lot, 866 — 358. Defiance, the Sloop, 38, 40, 302, 304. Delirium Tremens, 103. Deposition of Edward Naylor, 249. Descriptive Chapter, 65— ii3. Description of Property, 181—182. Deserters, 159. Diligence, the Brig, 38, 304. Diseases, 102—104. Distances, 55, 314. District Meetings, 138—146. Documents relating to Ante-Revolu- tionary Period, 249—289. Documents relating to Revolutionary Period, 290—337. Documents relating to Municipal Pe- riod, 3:W— 374. Domestic Statuary, 190. Doshen Shore, the, 132. Draco, the Brig, 231. Dragon, the (Man-of-war), 157, 161. Dutch, Occupation by the, 30, 260. oven, 190. Duties, 33, 174—176. Dyee's Head, 41, 65, 56, 179, 201. Dysentery, 103. Eagle, the, 93. Early Explorations, 14. Settlers, 198-209. Trade, 170—175. Earthquakes, 18, 34, 01. Eastern Advertiser, the, 93, American, the, 93. East Point Battery, 190. Eclipse of the Sun, 48. Ecclesiastical Councils, 117—119, 122, 124, 126—129. History, 111—134. Educational History, 135—154. Elliott, trial of, &c., 107—108. Ellis House, the, 193. Embargo, the, 77— 80. Enaine men, list of, 102. English, the— See British. Fleet, the, 45, 167, 158. Epilepsy, 103, Epilogue to Comedy o' Poor Gentle- man, 86—87. Epitaphs, 108-109. Etchemins, land of the, 13. Excommunications, 118, 119. Expedition, American, 37— 39. EngKsh, 159,328. of Colonel Church, 34. 61 Extract from letter of Gov. Leverett, 200. Extract from a letter of Sir Thomas Temple, 10(W, 249—250. Families in Castino in 1786, 346— ;j.50. Fantine, the Brig, 100. Farmhouse, Aulney's, 1£>. Farms, 35, 57, 325. Fauna, 5K, 59. Ferry, Castine and Brooksville, 75, 1S4, 240. Lymburi r's, 75. Fires, 19, 99— lOi. Fire Companies, 99 — 102. Engines, 99—102, Fishes. 59. Fisheries, the 24, 80, 170, 183, 242, 258, 259, 2(!5, 200, 279, 281, 282, 313. Flemish Pirates, 30. Flogging of Sailors, 326. Flora, 57, 375—380. Fly-boat, seizure of a, 32, 274. I'lyinff Horse, the, 30. F<)gs, 61. Foreign Goods and JrerchandUo, 174. Fort, Aulnev's, 16, 19, 20, 22, 30—35, 180—187. Baron ("astin's. 16, 19, 20, 22, SO- BS, 180—187. Castine, 158, 191—192. George, 37 40. 49, 158, 159, 161— 162, 188—189, 205. Knox, 205. Madison, 158. 191—192. Pentagflet, 10. 19, 20, 22, 30—36, 180—187, 254, 250, 258, 260, 272, 280. Point, 34, 40, 218. Porter, 158, 191-192. Pownal, 35, 05, 218. Preble, 158, 191—192. The — at Thomaston, 157. The French, 10, 19. 20, 22, 30—35, 180—187, 311, 325. The United States. 158, 191, 192. Fort Point Ferry Companv, 179. Freemasons, 89—90, 224, 225, 220, 227, 230. French Documents,250— 254, 256—200, 2(iO— 206, 208—280. the, 14— ; 9, 30—35, 155, 186— 187, 311. Settlements, the abandonment, 35. Frenchman's Farm, 325. Pond, 325. Furs, trade in, 10, 33, 170, 279. Galatea, the, 45. Gazette of Maine, the 92. Genealogical Table, 198. General and Social History of Castine, 85—110. General Putnam, the Ship, 38. Washington, the Sloop, 100. 398 INDEX. Geology of the Torritory of ronobscot, itc, 57. (ihost. a Driiinnicr's, 324. Oohl (/'oiii, ti, UK), (}o(«l Tciiipliirs, tlio, 1)1. (iriidiiations iVoiii lli^'li Sdiool, 154. (Jrimts to I'roprii'tors, terms of, G4. Orcin I)raf,'oii. tlio, 92. Ori-ylioimd, tlii\ i'>. l)le, 132, ls5. llateh'sPoiiit, 43, 190. Hazard, tlic Urif,', 38, 304, 326. Hearse, tlie 81, H2. Heetor, th(! Sliip, 3,s, 304. llei;?ht of the Peninsula, 42. Henry's Point, 43, 192. Heroism, Act of, 228. Hero of Castine, the, 101. Hiram, eapture of the, 95 — 98. Hooice House, tlie, 193—194. Hope, the, 17. Hornet, tlie Sloop, 231. House Warmiiifjs, H7. Huteliings' Narrative of the Siege, &c., 322—328. Hunter, the Ship, .38, 45, 302, 304. Illumination of Town, 87. Imijortanee of Pcntagoet, 37. Independence Day, 87. Indians, tiie. 13. 16, 31, 33. 34, 263—205, 208, 270—273, 275-280, 282—284, 2H6. Inhabitants, 19, 20, 47, 48, 67, 75, 142, 158, 159, 182, 242, 243. Inflammation of the Lungs, 103. Inns, 88,91— 92. Insanity, 103. Insects," .59 Installations, &c., 117, 119, 122, 128, 129. Instructions to Grandfontaine, 1670, 250—2.54. Menneval, 272. Penobscot Committee, 66-67. Insurance, 174. Intemperance, 82, 87. Inventory of Property, 181 — 182. Islands, U, 43, 45, 46; 48, 56, 185, 192, 263, 269, 324. Isle Perce^, Castin forbidden to go to the, 269. Itinerant Preachers, 112, 120. Jane, the, 200. .larvis House, the, 02. J. M. TihU'ii, the Schooner, 00. .louriiiil of Weather, 59-61, 61— 68. .1. P. Whitney, the Ship, 232. Keefe, Mrs., trial of, 108. La Heve, 254. Lakeman House, the, 01. Landing Pluco of the Americans, 41, 42, 192. of the Uriti8h,328. Lork, tlio Schooner, 94. Latitude and Ii0ngitude,55. Lawrence IJay, 55. Lawrence's .rbiirnal, 314—320. Orderly Hook, 320—322. Lawyers of Castine, nteiiac,2C2, m. AVllUam- nvillc, 1687, he Minister, lie Minister, [e lu Chaase, (tall,310-311. ty,tho,91. Castine and yho went to 3—364. 1 a; d Indian if Rebellion,. r of Revolu- • of 1812, 363. ), 229. 5—270. oet, 255, 257. U-94, 241, niou, 81. 1 of, 14. riot) of, 34, 8. INDEX. 899 3Inrlnfr»<,22r.— 231. Miirriu/^i's, 23, 12"). Miirtliiiqiu", iNlaiiii of. 31. 2(53. MiwMuchu- .'tlH— (Jonniionwoiillh of, 18. m. OeniTiil Court of, 33, 37, (!», (hi, Wj. tlio Sloop, 3j, Mntohrbf^^natiiM, i,"). Martlniiux, IhIiukI of, ,11. ilayllowcr, the, 220. Mi'inbors of ConKrcMs from Castlno, ;wo. Governor'- Council. .381. Memoir conccruinir some wints, 2(i(J — 2(17. of M. T.'I"»i, A'>8. 250, 250— 2(i0. Frontriiic, l(i74, iMiO— 202. the Colony ut Acadia, 273— 274. upon the abduction of Castin, 27H. Memoranda of things needed at Tesca- doue, 2)S5. Merchants, 172—175,232, 238. Metliodist Society of Hrooksvillo, 134. Methodist Society of Castine, 130-— 132. Methodist Socii^ty of rcnoijscot, 132. Mielugan, llie Seiioonor, 00. Militia at Nortli Castine, 354, 355. Military CclclM-ations, «7, 88, 1(J7. Conipanies, 102, 155 — 108. Ilistorv. 15;!— 100. or Naval OtHcers, 17—21, 29, 31,32,34—44.225-227. Mill, Aulney's, 18, 1<), 325. 3Iinister's liot, &c., 04, 72, 75, 118, 120, 121. ' » » . , Missionaries, 13, 33, 111, 112, 125. Missouri, tlie Steam Frigate, 178. Molluslis, .50. Money at Interest, 182. Monmouth, the Sliip, 38, 301, 304. Mortality, 102—104. Mose-ka-chiciv, legend of, 10. Muilett House, tlie, 103. Municipal History of Brooksville, 239 —241. ' Municipal History of Castine, 73—84. Municipal History of Penobscot, 04— 72. Munitions of War, 38, 158, 104, 165. 3iurders, 09, 105—108. Nancy, the Schooner, 178. the Sloop, 38. Naskeag, 20. Nations that have occupied Castine, 155. ' Natural Advantages of the territory. 170. •" Scenery of the territory, 56, 184—180. Nautilus Island, 40 — 45, 50, 292, 294. 320,327. Nautilus Island Balterv, 102. the Sloop, 40, is, 292, 298, 302, 317, 323, 326. . Navigation, 178—170. Necklace of Torcelain, 270. Nege\v,20, 240. Negro Islands, 324. New Knglund, (Jovernor of, 10. People, tV:c. of, 31. New Ireland, (!4— (15. New I'lynioutli, 25(1. Newspapers, !t2~l»;t. 3K). Nonnal School, 14(j_14m. Northern Hav I'ond, I.s5. North, the Sfoop, 40, 201, 202, 208, 200, 302, 31(;, 323. [VM. Norumbegue, 14. - Note liy the illnister, 2(i(i, 2><2. Not itieation b v t he Inhabitants, 05, 201. Nova Scotia. 20. I Oath of Allegiance, &c., 40, 320. I (Hd Houses, i!);t— 104. 01dtown,Town of, 14. Oleron, '("own of, 21, 25. Oliver Spear, the Schooner. 150. Oneida, sinking of the, 228. Oranger, I' arrival of, 20. Orcutt's Harbor, 50, 1H5. Order of Judge at N. Y. to Thos. Sharj). 2(i3. Orders,— .Military, 47, 150, 157, 159, 263, 321,322,337. of P. O. Department, 160. Ordinations— see Installations. Ornamental Trees, «3. Otter, the Ship, 45, 326. Rock, 320. Oyster River, attack on 14. Pallas, the 304. Parishes, 115, 110. Parish Meetings, 117. Part First, 13. Second, 53. Third, 247—374. Parish Records, 117, 118, 122—125, 126 —134. Penobscot Bay, 13, 14. 36, 55, 50, 01. Expedition, 328. Municipal History of 04-72. River 14, 10, 52, 55— 50, 184, 185, 220. Sailors in War of Rebellion, 374. Soldiers in AVar of Rebellion, 372—374. Steamboat Navigation Com- pany, 180. Taken bv the Dutch, 200. 'J'erritory of,31l. Town of, 13, 38, 53, 55—57, 04-75,81,01,94,00,112, 114, 110—118. 205, 200, 211, 215, 224,220, 243, 244. Pentagiiot, 13—10, 18, 20, 20, 20, 31, 33. 36, 73, 254—250-200. Attacked by Pirates, 260— 262. Documents concerning, 250, 253, 258—263, 265, 26C. 400 INDEX. 4 PcmooskoaR, ."W. rriiiviiiii, llicWloop 107. I'i'lltioii to Ihi- l•^(!^it|.•nt,"S. ri'titionis. 4(!. 7s, 114—11."), 123-121, 1 1(1-141, 14(1, KMi, 174. I'li,\>i(iim'4, 104, -JIT— 224. I'ii rn's romi, l.s,"i. ri5, 2:.7. Plviiioutli Colony, 1(1, 17, .'W. Political (>iiotati.ins, 21, 2:(, ri;j.77, 80— 87, 10.1. 110, 118—111), 11(0, 2U(i. Poliv, tliu.Suliooni'iltl. PoniroyV vi'sni-i tut out by Little, 327. I'onds, 5."), .')(), I8."i, 32."). Poor Kaini, till! 82. Poi)ulation, Ihf 2!», 32, 35, Oo, 138, 181, 183. 242—244. Port Uasoir, 270. Postuj^i', !»3. PostMi-ipt to Calcf'ft Journal, 311— 314. Pounty;;onyi't, 14. Prcanibli'toCon^t. of Soe. Mb. Ass. 00. Pri!Henf.>* to Mailoikaw.indt', 270. Price Currt'iit, 171,177. of Heaver .Skins, 170. Priest, 13, 111, 112,283. Proclamation by MeLean,il-e., 304-307. bv Lovell, 307—300. Providence, tbe'sloop, 38, ;(04, 32."), 320. PioviNions,;j8,47,140, I71,173,17'^,177. Public Mourning, 8«— 80. Tomb, 83. Puritans, tbe, HI. (Quarantine, 82, 104. (Juarri''^, tbe granite, 185, 242. (Jneen Anne's War, 34. Queen's IJirtbUay, 87. Itadiates, 50. i{aisonnabl(\ tbe, 4."), 302. Keeruiling ()tliee, 150. Register of St. Jean Baptiste, 23, 280, Relics, 104—107. Keligious matters, 08, 70, 111—134. services, 88, 80, 112, 117, 110, 125, 128, 132. Bemarks concerning Acadia, 276—270. Removal of Courts, GO. 183. Report of M. de Cliampigney, 278. 31. Denonville, 204, 205. 31. de Metineval, 272—273. 31. 31onseignat, 270 — 277. Reports of Committees, »<;c., 07, 74-70, 113, 137, 143, 144, 131-153, i;5. of Committee of Conference (Penobscot). 74 — 75. of Committee of (>)nference (Proprietors), 07— Ob. Reports of Conffrrss. Com. of Ways and Means, 174—170. Representatives to l^egiitlature, 381 — 382. Reptiles, 50. Ueslgnalions, Jte., 110, 128, 120. Resolve eonlirniing grant to 1). Murfih, »Ve.,33s-.;Ml. Resolve of town, &c., 00, 70, 70, 80--81, 112—113. Revenge, tbe, .104. Klieunialisin, 103. Killeman, tbe Sloop, 333. Rigbt of .Scarcb, 77, Rio tie (tome/, tbe, 14. de las (tamai, tbe, 14. Grande. Ibe, 14, llerino^o, tbe, 14. Santa iMaria,t lie, 14. Rising Virtue Lodge, 01. RoaiU, tbe, 71, 75, 04, 184, 185, 239. iiobert Morris, tbe Sliip, 232. Rope-walk, Ibe, KK), 177, 181. Rose, tbe Frigate, 111. Rozier,Cape, 10,4(),."i0.73,135,13fl, 139, 102, l!t8, 100 220, 242. Roster of Artillery (Jompany, 102. of Castine Ligbt Infantry, 304- 305. of llaiK-oek (Juards, 303—304. Rover, tbe Slooj), 38. Saebems, Indians, 14, 24, 30, 33. Sagadalioek, (iovcrnor of, 30. St. llelemi, tbe, 301, 325. James, tbe Sliip, 232. Sebastian, tbe Sbip, 254, 258. Sally, tbe, 38, 178,304. Saniuel Adams, tbe Sbip, 232. SauuKil Noyes, tbe Scbooncr, 09. Santlllana.'tbe, 325, 320. Savages— See Indians. Seal|)ing of Indian", 34. Sebools, &e., 00, 71, 72, 75, 135—154. private, 140. School— Agents, 137, 143. Appropriations, 1.30,138,139, 142, 143, 144, 240. Conuultlec, 130, 137, 151, 153, 240. Diplomas, 153. Districts, 135—140. 140, 150. Fund, 137, i;i8. Houses, 135, 130, 130, 142, 145, 140, 148. Reports, 151 — 153. Statistics, 148—150. State Normal, 140, 148. Screw Augur, 170. Seal of Hancock Lodge, 90. Scoteb Pilot, a 17. Sea-iMen's Hatter v, 190. Selectmen of Castine, 1^2-385. Settlements, tbe abandoned, 35. Settlers, tbe Englisb, 10, 34, 35. Sexton, duties of the, 121, 126. m. of TTnys :4— 17(1. luturc, 3S1~ <, 121). tu 1>. MiirHh, 0,70,80—81, , 185, 239. •j;t2. ,135,130,139, muy, 102. ulaiitry, 3f}4- Is, 303—304. , 30, 33. !, 30. 254, 258. ,232. mer, 99. 5, 136—154. , 136, laS, 139, i40. , 137, 151, 153, 140, 149, 150. 1, 139, 142, 145, 63. 150. 40, 148. 90. >-385. nod, 35. 34,35. 1,126. lyDisx. 401 Sheflfi, 67. Shipwrecks, 08—90. Hiilewulkx.Na, SieKO of I .'iioh-icot. 37—47, 822—328. Sky llocket, till- .Ship 38, 46, 304. Siiiiill (JhuiiKf, 48. Sinitll I'ox, 104. Siiiii>rKlinK. 174. Siiiip l)niK(iii, the privateer, 100. Snow WtorniM, 60. Sfxiiil Library Ams., 83, 00, . Soil, the 67. Soiiconafiuins, the 2"5. SonM of Teinperuiiee, the, 01. South Huv Meadow l)aiu Co., 180. Specie, 48', 174, llH-195. Spencer, the, 157. SprinKblrtl, the Sloop, 38. Stage.H, 04, 173. Stuto (iiiard!*, ofTleers of Co. E., 3C0. Ui^htH, doetrinu of, 79. Senators, 3.H1. Steam Flour Mill, 180. Stocks, the, (iO. Stores, 171, 172, 173. Students from iJuni