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Tous les autres exemplaires origineux sont f limAs en commenpent par ia premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'HIustretion et er. terminant par la derniAre pege qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparettra sur la dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, seion le cas: le symbols -^ signifie "A SUiVRE ', le symbols V signifie "FIN ". Les certes. plenches. tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmto A des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seui clich*. il est film* A partir de Tangle supArieur geuche, de geuche A droite, et de haut en bes. en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent le mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 McGILL UNIVERSITY, MONTREAL. PUBLIC mOGMTION OF TBE dNCELLOB, The Hon, Sir Donald A, Smith, K,C.M,G„ LLD, AND ANNUAL ADDRESS OF THE PRINCIPAL. SESSION 1889.90. GAZETTE PRINTING COMPANY. 1889. McGiLL University. Inauquration op the Hon. Donald A. Smith, K.C.M.G., LL.I)., A8 Ghanosllob. The Convocation assembled at 3.30 p.m., on Thursday, Oct. 31st, 1889, in the Library, when wore present the following members : — Governors— The Honorable Sir D. A. Smith, President and Chancellor ; Messrs. P. Redpath, J. H. R. Molson, J. Molson, H. McLennan, Hon. J. J. C. Abbott, G. Hague, E. B. Greenshields, S. Finley, Hon. L. R. Church and A. F. Gault. Principal— Sir William Dawson. Fellows — Prof. A. Johnson, Rev. Dr. Cornish, P*ev. Dr. MacVicar, Mr. J.R. Dougall, Rev. Dr. J. Clark Murray, Prof. H. T. Bovey, Dr. B. J. Harrington, Rev. Dr. Henderson, Dr. G. Ross, Mr. J. S. Hall, M.P.P., Dr.ia P. Robins, Dr, F. W. Kelley, Rev. James Barclay, Dr. Robert Craik, Dr. T. A. Rodger, Rev. Dr. Barbour, Dr. N. W. Trenholmo and Dr. T. W. Mills. Professors Emeriti— Professors D. C. McCallum and Hon. J. S. C. Wurtele. Officers of Instruction — Professors P. J. Darey, G. E. Fenwick, W. Gardner, C. F. Moyse, C. H. McLeod, F. J. Shepherd, J. Stewart, G. H. Chandler, J. C. Cameron, D. Coussirat, A. J. Eaton, A. McGoun, Messrs. P. T. Lafleur, P. Toews, M. L. Hersey and F. D. Adams. Graduates of the University — T. Nichol and Rev. W. J. Shaw (Doctors of Law) ; T. D. Reed and E. H. Trenholme (Doctors of Medicine) ; W. J. Dart, Rev. J. A. Newnham and Rev. J. Scrimger (Masters of Arts) ; C. J. Fleet (Bachelor of Civil Law) ; W. E. Decks, J. Naismith and N. T. Rielle (Bachelors of Arts); G. M. Edwards and E. H. Hamilton (Bachelors of Applied Science), and others. At 4 p.m., the Convocation, having been called to order by the Acting-Secretary, Mr. Brakenridge, proceeded to the Convocation Hall, where Mr. J. H. R. Molson, as Acting-President of the Board of Governors, opened the proceedings by calling on the Rev. Dr. Cornish, LL.D., to read prayers. J Ml*. Molson then nddressed the Convocation, stating that the Hon. Sir Donald A. Smith had been unanimously invited by the Boaixl of Governors to occupy the position so long and ably filled by the late Hon. Senator Forrier and by his predecessor, the Hon. Judge Day. Having alluded to the fact that Sir Donald's exalted position and public services, and the interest he had manifested in the cause of education, more especially in con- nection with this University, entitled him to a high place in their regard, he said that in selecting Sir Donald as Chancellor they felt that the honor was well bestowed. He expressed a hope that the new Chancellor might long be spared to fill the office, and concluded by reading the resolution of ihe Boai-d of Groveinors appointing Sir Donald to the office of Chancellor, as follows: — At a meeting of the Board of Royal Institution (Jovernors of McGill College, duly called, on Friday, l::eptember 27th, 1889, it was unanimously resolved that the Hon. Sir Donald A. Smith, K.C.M.G., LL.D., be and hereby is elected President of the Eoyal Institution for the Advancement of Learning and Chan- cellor of McGill University. Mr. Peter Bedpath, as senior member of the Boai-d of Governors, then conducted Sir Donald to the Chancellor's chair, and spoke as follows : — Mr. Chancellor, Ladius and Gentlemen, — The position of Chancellor of McGill University is an office which any man in the Province might be proud to hold, and 1 congratulate Sir Donald Smith upon his having been elected to the highest honour and office the University has to bestow. But it will not be considered amiss if reference is made to some of those who have preceded our new Chancellor. 1 am not about to give you a history of the University, but 1 dare say some of those present will not be sorry to have explained to them a term often used in connection with it. The Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning was a body of trustees appointed under an Act of the Parliament of Canada, for the purpose of holding and administering the property and the funds of schools of Royal foundation existing in Lower Canada. At first, the Board had the general adminis- tration of schools, but the time soon came when they had no other funds than those of McGill University, which were wholly derived from private liberality. And thus the Boyal Institution for the Advancement of Learning and the Governora of McGill Univei*8ity are really synonymous or convertible phrases. In 18S2, the charter of the Univei'sity was amended; and some time after, the statutes, as then amended, provided that the President of the Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning should bear the title and discharge the functions of Chancellor of the Univei-sity. The late Mr. Ferrier, who had been President of the Boyal Institution for the Advancement of Learning previous to 1852, then resigned his office in favor of Mr. Justice Bay, who for thirty-two yoai-s presided with so much gi'ace and dignity over the interests of the University, which were very near to his heart. Many of you have listened to the persuasive eloquence with which from this platform and elsewhere he advo- cated the claims of McGill. He died in England, and his remains lie in Dawlish churchyard. On his death, it was fitting that Mr, Ferrier, who survived him, should succeed to the position. Than Mr. Ferrier the University never had a warmer friend. He was untiring in his energy and devotion, and the service he rendered to us, both in the Legislature and out of it, as well as the help he gave at the meetings of the Boai-d of Governors, which he invari- ably attended, fully merited the cordial acknowledgment of his colleagues. Since his death in 1888 up to the present time the duties of the office have been discharged by my long-time friend and former schoolfellow, Mr. John Henry Molson, whose interest in the Univeraity has been manifested in many ways; but the amount of time he has devoted to its affairs is better known to his colleagues than to the public. He has but one dis- qualification for the Chancelloi-ship ; he is burdened with modesty. He is always in the front rank in work, but he is con- tented to take second-rank honours. In our choosing Sir Donald Smith as Chancellor, I am sure public expectation has not been disappointed, and wc believe that under his administration the University will continue to have that prosperity which has hitherto attended it. To none more than to the Governors is it apparent that the University is but in its infancy, and I fear only those present who are very much younger than myself will see all its Faculties thoroughly and fully equipped. But that time will come if we secure and maintain the confidence and t^Q sup- port of the Protestant public of the Province of Quebec. 2 Sib Donald A. Smith then Haid : — Mr. Bed path, Governora of the University, Mr. Vioe'Ohancellor, GraduateM and Undergra- duates, Ladioa and Gentlemen, Friends of the University, — I thank you as earnestly and as sincerely as it is possible for me to do, for the greeting you have given me. I am not weak enough to consider that your applause was given personally to me in any great measure ; I know it is your Chancellor you are greeting on this occasion, the Chancellor of that University which you love so much. But I do thank you on the part of the Univereity, and also on my own part, for the honour you have done me. To say that each and^all here were not friends of the University, would be to ignore the great obligation we all owe to it ; and I think you will all say that it would have been impoHsiblo a few years ago to have had present such an a8semblage as is hei'e now. We cannot boast of the great antiquity of our University, but aH the first univeraities in medicine were Bologna and Paris, and as our own Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest general academical schools in Europe, and as Harvard is the oldest school in America, so is McGill the oldest in Canada proper, — the old Canada of Quebec and Ontario. Of the great men who were trained in the European schools it is unnecessary tor me to speak, as it would be impossible for me to say anything that you do not already know regarding them. But you must perceive, as the outcome of Harvard's teaching, the standard of intellect, and erudition which is impressed on the people of Boston and New England generally. Is it not also, in some degree, the case with our- selves ? In evidence of this I may refer not only to a desire for intellectual cultui-e, but to the proofs of elegance and good taste observable in all our surroundings in Montreal, as com- pared with those of a few years back. And must not this be owing to the greater intelligence and skill of our citizens, which has resulted from the largo facilities offered in late years for higher education, and that especially by McGill ? Nay, further, are not those business capabilities which enable us to gratify these tastes attributable to the same cause ? I should remark in regard to what has been said by my friend the senior member of the Boaixl of Governors respecting those who have filled this Qhair in years gone by-— Judge Day and Mr. Ferrier — that I cannot for a moment bolieve I fill this chair fittingly when I think of the great eminence of the former and of the ^^reat business capacity of the latter, as woll as of the invaluable HerviceH both have rendered to this University. But I say that, humbly following thoir example, I will endeavour to act to the best of my ability whilst it may be permitted me to till this honourable position, and I do assure you I look upon it as a very great privilege to be here at this moment and to have by the suffrages of this University, a position so exalted as this. I nm only too well aware that any one of the gentlemen sitting around me would have filled it more ably than it is possible for mo to do. 1 (u)uld have wished to see my friend Mr. Kodpath, or Mr. Molson, or any one of the (lovornors hero in the chair instead of myself, and 1 would have most loyally supported them. But, however unfitted for the duties I may bo, I am sure I shall re- ceive from (hem the greatest support it is possible for men to give, and aided by their ripo experience as to what are the necessities of the University and what is rerjuired not only to continue its prosperity, but to raise it to a higher and yet higher position among the schools of learning, I feel we must still advance, no matter how unworthy of the position to which I have been elected I may be. The able and learned men who preceded the present staff did a good work in their day, which is being con- tinued now, and with that support which the enlightened citizens of Montreal and of this Province cannot fail to give, the University will go on raising up men, aye, and women too, for the pro- fessions and for the avocations of life generally. We have many tangible proofs of the interest taken in the prosperity of the Uni- versity. One of these is found in the generous donation a little while ago by Mrs. J. H. R. Molson and the Rev. F. Frothingham of 640,000 for the endowment of the principalship of the Uni- versity. This gives aid and relief to a certain extent to our honored Principal, by providing for the appointment of an efficient lecturer to assist him in his arduous duties, and it also en- ables the Governors to feel somewhat assured as to the future of the Principalship. But let me not bo understood by this as wish- ing to imply that it will be an easy matter to replace Sir William Dawson, whose name is a household woi*d not only throughout Canada and the United States, but also in Europe, as one fore- y* 8 most in the ranks of science and amongst educationistH. We know only too well how difficult it will be to find a successor to our present Principal, and our earnest wish is, that ho may be spared many years to continue the good and great work in which he is engaged. -^ Besides the endowment just mentioned a subscription has been initiated by Mi'. WaMen King, in aid of the Hebrew chair, which gives a substantial addition to the salary of a valuable professor, and a better position to the teaching of oriental languages. Nor is this all, for lately, by the death of Mr. Thomas Workman, a bequest has fallen to the University of $120,0U0, to endow a de- partment of mechanical engineering, which is to bear his name, a name which will long be remembered and regarded with esteem and respect, by the citizens oil Montreal. The teaching of mechanical engineering, a growing and important department, will now be provided for on u scale adequate to its value to the country, and in the hands of the able Dean and Professors of the Faculty of Applied Science, we feel assured that the result will be of the most gratifying character. But whilst you will agree with me that it would be unbecom- ing this great University to go round hat-in-hund begging for money for its needs, it cannot be wrong that we should suggest important matters in the interests of education. The liberality of the friends of the Institution, as we all know, has been very great, and the issue has been in every way satisfactory in the large number of educated men and women sent forth from the University. But to enable it to continue and to render more efficient the means for its great work, the Governors are now de- sirous of further endowments of money, for the division of the larger chairs in the Faculty of Arts, for there can be no doubt the greatly increasing number of pupils demands that the pro- fessors should have further assistance in their work ; also for the endowment of unendowed chairs in Arts and Applied Science, and for the endowment of the Faculty of Law. It may be that there are few laymen who have not sometimes in haste thought it would be well that we should be rid of the lawyers, but when we begin to look earnestly at what the Profession is, and at what it has done for us; when we see that from it are drawn the highest judges of the land ; that it has contributed, and now contnbutes, membera to our Provincial Legislature and to our Dominion Parliament ; that graduates of this Faculty of the University have been and now are MiniHtors of the ( /rown ; that it is essential to the rights and lil)erties of the people that those who plead our cause in the legislature^4 of the country or in the halls of Justice, should be men of liberal education as well as conversant In the law, it cannot be an unuMscntial matter that there should be no lack of efficiency in the nioanu provided for the training of so very important a class of the community. In speaking of those who have been sent forth by this University and by the Faculty of Law, you will, I am sure, bear with me whilst 1 give you a few names. Among our graduates in law are : — Sir A. P. Caron, Minister of Militia ; the Hon. Mr. Abbott, loader of the Senate ; Hon. Wilft-ed Laurier, Q.C., M.P., the Hon. Mr. Laflamme, who was at one time Minister of Justice, and one of the mem- bers for the city J Mr. J. J. Curran, Q.C., M.P., the late Mr. L. Gushing, M.P., Mr. Prefontaine, M.P., Mr. E. Holton, M.P., Mr. D. Girouai-d, Q.C., M.P., the late Mr. Frederick McKenzie, M.P., Mr. MacMaster, Q.C., Mr. J. Hall, Q.C., M.P.P., Mr. Edmund Lareau, M.P.P., Mr. J. E. Robidoux, M.P.P., Mr. George Washing- ton Stephens, Mr. W. J. Watts, and the Hon. Mr. Oilman, M.L.C, On the Bench we find that there are from this University the late Hon. Mr. Torrance, the Hon. Mi*. Wurtelo, the Hon. M. B. Tait, the Hon. Charles Peers Davidson, the Hon. A. Charland, the Hon. Mr. Lynch, and the Hon. Mr. Dubuc, of Manitoba. Now, I think, ladies and gentlemen, that such a list is sufficient to commend to us the Faculty of Law of McGill College. Lot us all do our best to provide for, if possible, making this Faculty of the College still more efficient than in the past. It has much to contend with at the present moment. We know that we are a comparatively small minority of English-speaking people in this Province, and wo know that whilst the Faculty of Law of this Univernity had, up to quite recently, the field entirely to itself, things are now quite ditlerent. Now there is another faculty of law of jinother University in this city. We wish them God-speed ; we have not one word to say but of good- will towards them. But at the same time wo do not wish that McGill in this respect should take other than a foremost place. We (. 38ire that it should in no sense be second to any other law 10 school or faculty of iaw, not only in this Province, but in the Dominion of Canada. The very fact of the small proportion of English-speaking people in this Province of itself makes it im- possible that the number of students can be nufficient to maintain the school in a propei* state of efficiency. The Civil Code of Quebec is entirely different from that of the other Provinces of the Dominion. There is, therefore, little inducement to those outside Montreal or this Province to come here to be instructed by the Faculty of Law ; so that it is most essential that the citizens should give that support to the school without which it cannot possibly have the vitality which it should have to be in every way efficient. The English-speaking members of the Bar are so fully convinced of this that they have sought to provide an endowment for the Faculty of at least one chair, to begin with, and they hope to have one or two additional chaii*s. Of this the Governors entirely approve, and they commend it to you and ask for your cordial support, being well assured that it will be freely and fully given. I have here a memorandum on the subject, which I shall not read to you now, but I am assured it will be so convincing that you will feel inclined to adopt it and to do all that can possibly be done to bring up the standai'd of the faculty to what it ought to be. In this regard it is gratify- ing to know that some of the obnoxious regulations injurious to the Law Faculty have been repealed, and it is probable that the Legislature will grant to the University degrees that recognition which is given to them in all other countries. In speaking of the Faculty of Medicine, I need not do more than refer to your late Dean, Dr. Howard ; you knew him well, and those who knew him best know how to esteem him, to respect him and to love him, and will be glad to learn that a Howard Memorial Fund is in progress. The Medical Faculty holds its head high amongst the schools not only of this con- tinent but of Europe, and in view of the great advances made in the science of medicine and surgery within the last quarter of a century, lam sure your wish is that McGill should hold its own; but this will 1)0 impossible without the liberal aid of the com- munity. To turn to another department, it is also very desirable that there should be a new Gymnasium. We do not mean that all ; s 11 is to be done to-day or to-morrow, but it is well we should keep these things in view, and that a helping hand should be given us as soon as possible. As I have just said, it is desirable that there should be a new and enlarged gymnasium, and it is also desirable that there should be a new and larger convocation hall and a dining-hall. These it is hoped will come in good time, for we see how necessary it is we should have better accomodation for our meetings than is afforded by this hall. There is also required, as soon as it can be had, an ad- dition to the general funds of the University applicable to all pro- fessorial endowments and for college pui'poses. There is yet something more required, and that is additional facilities for that department known as the Donalda Department for Women. Some of us had hoped that by this time there would have been such a college in existence, but from certain causes it has not been brought about. My friend Mr. Abbott brought in a bill for that purpose in our Legislature, but there was some technical objection' taken to it, so that it had to be withdrawn. However, I hope, and I think we may feel assured, that before the lady undergraduates who join this year are ready to leave the college they will have a habitat of their own. The progress which has been made in education, in the arts and sciences, and in the other professions throughout the woild is so very great that to keep pace with it we must bestir ourselves in every possible way Therefore, you will at once admit the necessity for the demands we now make upon you. The great value of our present work may be seen when I mention that there are now attending the classes in Medicine 250 students ; in Law, 19 ; in Arts — men, 206, ladies, 84; and in Applied Science, 71. In all, more than 600, be- sides a large number in the affiliated institutions. In addition to this, there has recently been added to the University a faculty of Veterinaiy Surgery, a most important and humane profession. Now, ladies and gentlemen, 1 am afraid I have trespassed al- ready far too much upon your time ; but had I any portion of that ripe learning, of that fulness of knowledge, that eloquence, or that aptitude for ])ublic speaking which is possessed by so many around me, I should continue to speak and tell you how much is expected of you in respect of the greatest English school of this Province, that of McGill University. I do not : 1 12 1 wish to digpai'age in any way our sister univeiTiity at Lennox- ville, which is the only other English college conferring degrees in this Province. I am sure you will all feel that McGill, with what it has done in the past, and what it will be capable of doing in the future, with that further support which I am sure will be given to it by the people of Montreal and the Province gener- ally, fully justifies me in appealing as I do now for its support. We have now another university which has extended its operations to Montreal, and is strengthening itself in every way, that of Laval. We find no fault with that. There has also been a union of certain professional schools here, under the auspices of that university, and union we know is strength, and it U well that in a good cause there should be union, and that there should be strength. But whilst we desire that they should go on and prosper, we must not forget that it is our first duty to look to ourselves, and it is to be hoped that each of us will do his part, to the best of his ability, to see and secure that McGill shall hold its place among the schools, not only of this Province but of the Dominion, as one which will be able to send forth men and women who will be a credit to their alma mater, and will take their part efficiently to advance the best interests of the whole community. Perhaps I may be permitted now, as one who has gone through many years of life, to say a word or two to the gra- duates and undergraduates of this University. To you, graduates, I would say that I feol assured you will cherish the remembrance of the advantages you have received from the teaching of the University, that its welfare will ever be near to your hearts, and that it will have your utmost support. To the undergraduates I would say that you cannot do better than follow the example of those who have preceded you, and who have gone out from the Univereity into the different walks of life, doing honour to their alma mater and to the country of which they are citizens. And to the young ladies I would only say that I feel satisfied you will not be contented with being Himply highly educated and learned women, but that you are, and will continue to be, ladies as well, not only in the conventional meaning of the term, but in that still higher sense which used to be designated by the good old English word, " gentlewomen." ■■■■ mimmimmmm MM I 13 I have now to apologize for having detained you so long, and to thank you in the warmest way for the attention you have been good enough to give me. The Chancellor then called on the Principal to deliver an addrens, which on this occasion was to take the place of the usual University lecture. Principal Sir William Dawson then spoke as follows : — Mr. Chancellor, — It gives me much pleasure on this auspicious occasion to be the medium of conveying to you the cordial good wishes of the Professoriate of the Univereity, and to expresh« the hope and confideRce of all its members that you may long discharge the duties of your high position with satisfaction to yourself, and with the utmost benefit to the great educational interests which are represented by this University. In the gentlemen who have preceded you in this office. Judge Day and Senator Ferrier, it has been our privilege to serve under and to be associated with two of the ablest and best men of this country, under whom the Univei'sity has risen from small beginnings to a great and prosperous position ; and we trust that with God's blessing the years to come may be still more fruitful of usefulness and prosperity. I may be permitted, in this connection, to refer to some of the points relating to our past and future, which are suggested by your own remarks, and which may be interesting to our friends and to those who, our students at present, must in the future take our places. The endowment of the Principalship, to which you have had the kindness to refer, is one for which I entertain the utmost gra- titude to the generous donors, not only'on account of the imme- diate relief from labour which it secures, but because it removes a great anxiety as to the difficulty which the Boai-d of Governors might have experienced in providing for the multiform duties which long experience has rendered habitual to me. Now, I have the assurance that in any event the provision for these duties will be comparatively easy, while I shall in the meantime have some additional time for general management. Benefactions like that of Mr. Workman recall the history of our Faculty of Applied Science, which, after being established 14 r ¥ merely as a School of Civil Engineering, and maintaining for a few years a precarious existence, had to be abandoned, owing to want of means. I find it alluded to in the following terms in an address which I delivered in 18*70, and which was published under the title "A Plea for University Extension " : — " Our School of En>,'ineering, successful in the number of pupils attracted to it, and calculated to confer great benefits on the country, was worried with professionul and otlicial opposition; and, unaided by the public, was at length suspended, owing to the tem])orary financial embarrassments of the University. Its Chair of Practical Chemistry, though filled by the most eminent Chemist in this country, has failed to attract our artisans or manufacturers to receive its benefits. " Some men may regard these efforts as failures, which should not be referred to here. For my own part, I aw not ashamed of them. Directly or indirectly, they have done good; and they aimed at objects most important to the material progress of this country. There is not one of them which by us, or others, will not be at length successfully carried out. I do not yet despair of their success ; and I am prepared, should I remain in this University, to watch for the opportunity to revive them when favourable circumstances shall occur. In the meantime, they remain as projects inchoate and so far matured in their plans and methods, as to be readily brought to completion by the aid of any one desirous of stimulating through us the development of any of those arts to which they relate. We wait for some Canadian Lawrence or Sheffield to endow for us a Scientific School, like those of Harvard and Yale, which have contributed so greatly to the wealth and progress of New England." Since that time wo have found benefactors who may be ranked with Lawrence and Sheffield, and our Faculty of Applied Science, with an efficient staff, providing not only for Civil Engineering but for Mining Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Prac- tical Chemistry, with admirable chemical laboratories, and a large amount of apparatus and models, and with seventy students, will, when the intentions of Mr. Workman arc carried into effect, be able to challenge comparison with the greater schools of Applied Science not only in Canada but abroad. In the same address of 18t0, I referred to the importance of additions to our library, then consisting of about 6,000 volumes, to the want of accommodation for our collection in Natural His- tory and Geology, and of rooms adapted to the teaching of these subjects. Now, the recent report of our Librarian shows that the library has reached about thii-ty thousand volumes, and the room in the William Molson Hall, which at that time was derided as a 4 I 16 i I quantity of empty shelves, is now much too small for iU contents, while the Fetev Bedpath Museum has placed us far in advance of all other Canadian Universities in regard to means for teaching Natural Science. In 1870, I also referred to our want of endowed chairs. We had then only one, the Molson Chair of English Literature. We now have nine endowed chairs, some of them with much larger funds than that of our first endowment for that purpose. In 1870, I asked for additional aids to students. We had then only two Scholarships. We have now sixteen, besides money prizes con- nected with them and with endowments of medals. In the same address reference waH made to the efforts being made in British Universities and in similar institutions in the United Stales to provide a university education for women, and the suggestion was made that lectureships should be endowed for this purpose. This idea is now realized in a better form in the Donalda Special Course, and this, as you, Mr. Chancellor, have intimated, is only the nucleus of a future college for women, taking rank with McGill College itself, though under the same Univereity organization. Some suggestions made in the old paper to which I have re- feiTed still remain to be acted on or have been only imperfectly carried out. One of these is the provision of an adequate physical labora- tory, in connection with the separation of the chairs of Mathe- matics and Natural Philosophy, now much too burdensome for one professor. Other chairs almost equally require subdivision, and though we have practically secured this to some extent by the lecturers and assistant professors added under recent bene- factions, much remains to be done, and any large endowment either in aid of the Faculty of Arts or its Special Course for women would enable a great advance to be made. Last year our Vice-Principal, Dr. Johnson, prepared for our Annual Eeport an interesting diagram showing the progress of the Faculty of Arts in tlio number of its studentH from 38 in 1856 to 310 in 1889. In turning over an early address of 1858 I find a somewhat simpler comparison which may more forcibly strike our minds and remain fixed in them. In that year in all our Faculties and Departments we reckoned 150 students. Our 16 numbers now exceed 600, ho that they have increaBed by 150 in each decade or on the average 15 annually. This may appear a slow rate, but in our circumstancds it aifords ground for con- gratulation and encouragement. This large increase of students revives the memory of an im- portant suggestion, made in 18t0 and not acted on, namely the institution of a fund for assisting prior students, as distinguished from competitive scholarships. [ quoted at that time the follow- ing suggestions by the President of Jlarvai-d. After referi'ing to those who are able to take scholarships in competition, iie adds : — " Among those who become oar best scholars there are some who, not having enjoyed the preHminary training of schools of a high grade, are not prepared in the first months of their college course to become suc- cessful competitors with those who are thoroughly fitted to enter college. There are others who in rank fall but little below the successful com- petitors, and are fully their equals in industry and merit There are yet others, destined to be able and useful men in after life, who commence their education at a late period, and cannot, therefore, become as accurate classical scholars as those who acquire the rudiments of the ancient languages in childhood, who yet attest their mental capacity and vigor by their strong grasp of the subjects on which they are occupied in the last years of the college course. Many of these students submit to severe privations, struggle on in depressing poverty, and often incur a burden of indebtedness which must weigh heavily upon them for many subsequent years. It is very desirable that there should be a fund — a large fund if possible — the income of which should be distributed, not with sole re- ference to the scale of rank, but in the joint ratio of merit and need. The disposal of the proceeds of such a fund might be intrusted to the Presi- dent, or to a select committee of the Faculty, and left, without restrictive rules, to his or their discretion. A provision of this character would meet a want profoundly and painfully felt by those members of the Faculty who have been placed in confidential relations with individual students, whose own ability to render aid is limited, and who often know not where to look to private generosity for the requisite funds, or are reluctant to multiply appeals where .apfieals are never made in vain." Harvard has long ago hatl largo jn'ovision made for suth needs; but nothing of the kind yet exists in McGill. In 1870, I pleaded for now and larger buildings for our Medical Facultj'^, as well as for our Museum and Laboratories. These have been provided, but there remain for future benefactions, IT buildingH for which we have still to look forward with prophetic anticipation : — A larger convocation hall, a dining-hall for students, buildings or rooms for college societies and for our gymnasium, now so insufficiently represented by the little brick building in University Street, and class-rooms for our Faculty of Law which has never yot had any local habitation for its own exclusive use. * The gymnasium of the University is now a time-honoured in- stitution, and many of its early pupils have grown gray in public and professional life. Our late instructor, Mr. Barnjum, was an eminent master of physical training, and we now have one of his best pupils carrying on his work, as well as Miss Barnjum in- structing the class of ladies. But unhappily our building has not improved with age. Oiigiiially a small and poor brick structure, and enlarged to meet increasing demands for space, it is now almost beyond repair, and is too distant from our class-rooms for its complete efficiency. Jt must eventually be replaced, and the sooner the better, by a larger and better building on or near our college Campus. In this connection, it is worthy of consideration whether we might not, us has been done in some cases in the United States, and as has been suggested to Toronto Univereit}- by Sir Daniel Wilson, combine a gymnasium and convocation hall ; and whether in the same building we might not have rooms for college societies and for a dining-hall as well. Now that the oc- cupation of the East Wing by the Faculty of Applied Science and the contemplated provision of a separate building for Mechani- cal Engineering, have set free the admirable site corre8j)onding on the east side of our grounds to the Peter Kedpath Museum on the west, it seems perfectly feasible to erect there a large build- ing combining the utilities which I have indicated above. I think it right to add my testimony to the value and claims of our Faculty of Law. I believe that it never was in a position better to subserve the interests of legal education than it is to- day. Yet a year ago it seemed verging toward extinction under a weight of vexatious regulations and of active competition. Against the disabilities inflicted on it by the Council of the Bar, and against the unwise legislation which gave weight to these disabilities, we have long struggled, and sometimes with only faint hopes of success ; but our perseverance and patience have 18 at length had their reward, and we begin the present session fVee fVom some, at least, of the difficulties which embarrassed us, and with good hopes of being relieved from others. Under the present cireumstancns of this Province, the number of students in our Faculty of Law cannot be large, but the maintenance of the Faculty is nevertheless vital to our interests. We must never abandon the provision of a high standard of education for the English members of the Bar ; for, unless we are represented in that profession and iti the legislature and judiciary by learned and able men, we must submit to social and political extinction, it is time that some benefactor should take up the endowment of our Faculty of Law as u worthy object for educational expendi- ture. 1 believe that with two well-endowed chairs it would attain to such a degree of eminence an to raise the standard of the Eng- lish Bar of Montreal, and to attract students from beyond the limits of our Pi'ovince. You have yourself, Mr. Chancellor, in formed us that our Faculty of Law may point with pride to Judges, Members of the Cabinet and of the House of Commons and Local Legislature, and others occupying very prominent posi- tions, as its graduates, and Ihis not in Quebec merely, but in other Pi'ovinces ; and in connection with this, 1 am rejoiced to learn that graduates and officers of the Faculty have taken its endowment in hand, and I earnestly hope that the effort will com mend itself to the friends of education. All our faculties, I am sure, feel keenly the difficulties under which our legal brethren have been placed, and will wish God-speed to a movement in its behalf. I am sometimes amused by the remark that McGill is a very wealthy institution. Such things, of course, are comparative, and if we look back on the time when the University was re- ported to its new Board of Governors, in 1852, as having no revenue, and obligations to the amount of five hundred pounds, our present position is one of comparative affluence. But if we look at the revenues of colleges abroad doing no more extensive work, or at the new endowments constantly given to them, our poverty rather than our wealth becomes a prominent feature. Harvard College alone has received half a million within little more than a year, and Yassar and other ladies' colleges nearly as much ; while the latest academical news from Australia informs us 19 of an endowment of two hundred thoaiiand pounds, or about a million of doUara, in one sum, to the University of Sydney, and we leurn that one use of this sum will be to found a Faculty of Law, while other portions of it are to be devoted to chairs in Medicine and Engineering. Such gifts, while they serve to measure the actual requirements of institutions of higher educa- tion, show also how much remains to bo done here. To the students bore present in so largo numboi*s, those subjects may perhaps not bo so interesting us Homo others, because not directly addressed to thom; yet I have always felt that the students can be relied on to take an interest in all that concerns the extension of the university. The large majority of our students come to us because tboy believe that bore thoy can obtain the best training for success and usefulness in life, und they are naturally interested in all that concerns our progress. Among the students of to-day are the judges, nienibors of (rovornment and of the Legislature, professors and men of science, eminent divines, physicians, engineers, and men of business of the daj's to come, and the lady students, whether they enter into profes- sional life or not, are the destined leaders of society, the guides and helpers of those who i-ule in the world of men. I think it right therefore to present to the students, in closing this address, some remarks on the general principles of university extension. I would wish the student to have before his mind an ideal university — one complete and perfect in all its parts, with every subject, literaiy, scientific or professional, adequately and uniformly provided for ; with every professor at once a model as a man, and a perfect specialist in his subject, and supplied with all the meana and appliances for his own progress and for teach- ing what he knows ; with all facilities for the comfort and progress of the student J and with all its regulations so framed as to afford the greatest possible facilities for higher culture, both in general education and every useful department of study. But while you should have such an ideal before your minds, and while you should look forward to its realization in the future, you must not expect to find it here and now, and more especially in an institution in process of extension and development. The growth of a young university in a new and advancing community is like the progi'ess of a campaign, like the invasion of a strongly defended enemy's country. The invader meets with an open way here, with some almoHt insurmountable difficulty there, with an unexpected success in one quarter, with an equally unexpected check or defeat in another. From this cause, his line of battle must always be uneven, and he must bo prepared to take advan- tage of every opening and to repulse every attack. Yet to the soldier or Hubordinate officer these vicisHitudes may be known only in part. In such circumstances, wo should not be too criti- cal, but must be content to balance the good against the evil. You may not at any time in your coui'so find everything oh you could wish. You may Homotimes think that groat labor is im- posed on you for nothing; sometimes that you are unduly held back from advantages easily acquired . Yet you are not altogether in a position to Judge. Those who can take in a wider field in time and space often know better, and can hotter decide where it is necessary to advance and where to halt or retreat, in prospect of an eventual victory for you and your cause. To drop the figure, educational institutions are never wholly symmetrical. They receive groat aids in one direction and are deficient in means in others. They are weak in one department and strong in others. Defects are constantly appearing through wear and tear, and unexpected opponitions and failures often make themselves felt. It is the part of those in charge to watch all these things and as promptly as possible to correct every error, while always ready to take advantage of every new oppor- tunity. This spirit of constant vigilance, effort and patience should regulate your individual action as students, and must regulate that of the University as a whole. To you the advan- tages which you have here are priceless in reference to your future life, however imperfect in some respects. With us the oflFort has been throughout the history of the University to pre- vent it from becoming a more aggregate of disconnected efforts^ and to bind it together into a compact and symmetrical whole, in which every part would do its appointed work for the advantage of the student, whatever the course he may be pursuing. In so far as this University has advantages over othere, I think they may be found in its unity of action and clear and definite arrange- ment of its several departments of work, and in the free and progressive character of its constitution, which fits it to take tl immodiato advantage of every opportunity for good. It has also been highly favored by the support of a liberal and wisely prac- tical community, by the labors of many eminent and self-sacri- Hcing men, both as administrators and instru(>