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BUFFALO: PRESS OF JEWETT, THOMAS & CO. Commercial Advertiser Office. 1847. wiW"*\.W^'"'-'^f' M-- 'I'-Jii'm, mi"v \ uititiimaL iiiimi wnfiiiii I fim !!j)HJi'JI|f«!H imr PRErAC*E. 1 have at (litloront times, through the press of this city, given slight sketches of the Coininerce of our "Inland seas," the great Northern and Western Lakes, noting its growth from one period to another, ft had acquired such importance from the magnitude of its transactions, tiiat there was something more due to it than the merely slight sketches it had received. In May, 1845, I published in pamphlet form, a running account from the facts I had collected for a long number of years respect, ing it, which had been almost entirely forgotten. The appearance of this pamphlet created a strong sennation with the public, who were sur- prised that a business reaching in value at that period, nearly in amount to the foreign export trade of the whole country, had so sutldenly sprung up on these Lakes, unobserved, in so short a period. The demand for that pamphlet has not ceased — to this day applications are made for it from all quarters. It has been read and pondered over, and doubts have arisen whether it was possible the facts stated could be true. To remove these doubts, and place this great business bcf(»re the world with such evidence as would dispel them, I have this year resum- ed the sid)ject, and gone much into detail of what cotnposes this Commerce. A portion of the matter contained in this pamphlet has already, within a tew days, appeared in a series of numbers in the columns of the Commercial Advertiser of this city. A very general expression of my fellow citizens has been made to me, to revise and extend these series by more detailed exhibit*, in kind, of what forms this business : that these PREFACE. toportant fact. and. intercsling reminiscences ,„ay be placed in a more Ivonient form, and safer depository than a newspaper. l,ave compUed vHh their desire. In doing so, I must in justice to myself, beg leave to lav it has no pretensions to literary merit. I only cla.m the mer, of lallnl eloselv observed, like a business man, the changes that are rap>d y ^rgVn -rlL hitherto little known regions of the West: forthe truth- fiilness of its statements, thousands are ready to avouch, ^d^srlthe reader to give the table appended, a careful exammat .o,. and he ^ill see that this commerce of the Lakes is no. local or conhncd to any one State, but that it ifthe principal channel of a great many feta.cs, who use it most extensively for the transacting of their busmess. J. L. BARTON. Buff'do, February, 1847. i 1 I I I i A BRIEF SKETCH OK THK COMMERCE OF THE LAKES AND THE ERIE CANAL. Last May I published, in pamphlet form, a letter, addressed to the Hon. Robert McClelland, Chairman of the Com. on Commerce, in the House of Representa- tives, Washing-ton, relative to the value and importance of the Commerce of the firreat Western Lakes. In that letter I g-ave a hasty sketch of the rise and g-rowth of this commerce, obtained from personal knowledge and collec- tion of statistics for a g-reat many years, antecedent, and down to the close of 1845. In the October number of Hunt's valuable Mag-azine, it was published very much at large, — and in this manner secured from loss important statistical facts, which will be of g-reat importance at some coming- period, when the future historian shall write the early history of the Western country : valuable, not only for this purpose, but for a g-reater, as forming- a basis and safe g-uide to legislators, national and state, and others, in devising measures to bring- into full operation the vast and 6 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES ■ ! I v M • i ^ i If i inexhaustible resources of this g-reat and rapidly growing portion of our country. I now propose to continue this subject by an exliibit of tlie business of 1846. Tlie great increase tliis year, in all the more valuable agricultural productions over former years, cannot fail to attract j)ublic attention to the impor- tance of this growing trade, and shadow forth tlie value of the great West to the mercantile, manufacturhig and commercial interests of the sea-board. ' The West ! — a name given only a i'ew years since to a remote, boundless and unsettled wilderness, inhabited only by roving bands of wild Indians and savage animals, — visited only by the Indian trader, or some romantic spirit pleased with the novelty of an adventure into unknown regions, — a country which it appeared centuries must pass away before settlement and civilization would occupy it — has suddenly, as if by magic, with the powerful aid of steam, and the indomilablf enterprise, industry and perse- verance of a free people, with the blessings of free institu- tions, securing to all the fruits of their own labor, been reclaimed from the wilderness. All physical difficulties have been overcome, this vast region of country has been penetrated in all quarters, and in the place where once stood the wigwam of the savage, is now found the school-house, the mechanic shop, the temples of religion and science, and cities and towns, containing from 500 to 15,000 souls, dot the land in lai-ge numbers. Roads have been constructed, rivers improved, mills erected, and in every direction is heard the whistling of the free, the intelligent and indus- trious fai-mer, as he pursues his laborious but independent occujiation. Literally have they caused the " wilderness AND THE ERIE CANAL. 7 to bud and bloHsom as the rose," and become the granary of tlie Union. It is now my purpose to exhibit facts to show that the mio'lity West is not a mere poetical phrase, but is a sub- stantial country, rich in resources, and possessed Ijy an enterprising population, who are successfully developing them more rapidly than the history of the world can any where else present. To make the change which has taken place in the West, within a few short years, more striking, I will present some comparative statements of their expoi'ts at different periods : In 1835, the whole exports from the West, came princi- pally from the Northern or Lake portion of Ohio. The amount which passed through this city to tide water, via the Erie Canal, of the principal articles, consisted of the followino" : Flour bbls *86,233 Wheat bu *98,071 Staves lbs 2,565,272 Corn bu 14,579 ProYisions bbls 6,562 Ashes casks 4,419 Wool lbs 140,911 But., Cheese & Lard,. . 1,030,632 *Equivalent to 543,815 bushels of Grain. The tolls collected at the Buffalo oflfice that year amounted to $106,213 35 ; the total number of tons of all articles, from all soiu'ces, cleared at Buffalo that year was 49,478 ; the valuation of property I have not for that year, but in the year 1837, the value of all the property sent towards tide water on the Erie Canal from Buffalo, was $3,2^0, l*-^'^- In 1845 and 1846, Ohio and the other States around these Lakes, sent to Eastern markets, througli the same channel the following articles : 8 COMMERCE OK THE LAKES In H4r). M Flour hMs 717, ino Wheat bii l,:3r)4,0!)() Stavps Ib.s88,2!m,431 Corn bu '6\iM<) Provisions bbis fi-,fl()0 Asijics rnsks 34,«i()2 Wool lbs 2,Or)7,7f{l Hilt., Chocso find [.arcl 0,r)ii7.0()7 In 1810. Flour bbls 1, -280,8 07 Wheat bu 3,611,221 Staves lbs 05,l)r)^<,}J8vJ Corn bu 1,119,089 PrrtvLsionH bbls 99,:^.'M> AbIios I . . . .casks 22.405 Wool lbs .3,762,H29 JJut., Ch(M!se and f.ard l2,7iri,662 The entire amount of flour, wheat and other g-raiii exported by the Western States, tlu'oug-h the Lakes in 1846, for Canada and our own markets, reihiced to bu.55,43f^ 01,150 Corn and Oats, .... bush. 4.'54,.''i80 12,184 Barley, bush. 4,710 2,367 Rye, .' bush. 1,228 14,596 j Butter, kegs. 29,874 13,687 do bbls. 592 1,902 Lard, bbls. 7,405 23,926 do kegs. 8,331 Staves, 4,392,000 Hides, 17,491 "This list embraces an account of the principal articles only. I have enumerated a class of articles in '41, received 10 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES at this port every year, of which no particular statement is made up. I cannot give you the estimated vahie of the im- ports this year, none having- been made. In 184J The aggregate of the various articles wliich arrived is as follows : ,bl)ls. Flour Pork, Beef, Seed, Ashes, " Whiskey, " Cranberries, " Fish, " Tallow, " Hams and Bacon, cks. Hides, 32,447 Hemp, bales, 865 Tobacco, hhds. 2,097 Lead, pigs, 23,753 Staves, 3,500,000 Wheat, bush. 1,827,241 917,517 41,979 25,329 12,239 29,940 8,719 3,281 2,857 2,387 4,814 Corn, Oats, , Rye,. Butter kgs. Lard, *' do bbls. Wool, sks. 223,963 2,489 1,332 17,402 10,464 14.125 4,516 Cheese, bxs. 9,803 do , . . cks. 3,664 Brooms, doz. 2,128 Furs and skins, .... pks. 2,343 (Jlass, bxs. 2,298 Shot, kgs. 675 Pig iron tons. 1,000 Coal,.. tons. 1000 Nails, kgs. 478 Paper rags bales 261 Leather principally skirting rolls 308 liard and other oils, bbls. 1,316 Beeswax pkgs* 261 Nuts, bbls. 100 Beans, « 342 Ginseng, pkgs. 304 Beer, blis. 51 Starch, bxs. 104 Candles " 101 Feathers, sack 1,153 Dried and other fniit, pkgs 735 Live hogs, 5,221 Bacon and hams .... pes. 12,031 '' To the above imports must be added 195 boxes and 1 1 tons bar soap, part of which came fR)m the Wabasli Canal, having- been manufactured at La Fayette, la., also valuable invoices of hollow ware and other castings, hoops, hops, shingles, grind-stones, bristles, corn-meal, and broom corn, oars, and some 200 boxes and barrels saleratus, 8,000,000 feet of lumber, and innumerable other articles. The total value of imports this year is estimated at 810,000,000. " The stock of staves has been much smaller this year than usual. About 600 tons of the pig iron imported, came from the Rossie Parish, St. Lawrence county, N. Y., via I AND THE ERIE CANAL. 11 the Welland Canal, and is now introduced among our man- ufactures under very favorable auspices. The quantity of coal received is about 1000 tons, two-thirds of which came from Ohio, and the balance (Blossburgh, Pa.,) reached this city by the same channel as the Rossie iron. In 1844. Flour bbls 915,000 Pork " 51,478 Beef " 28,432 Ashes " 29,330 Soed " 15,472 Whiskey " 6,315 Lake Hsh " 2,783 Cranberries. " 3,336 Tallow " 2,570 Dried fruit " 345 Oil " 1,663 Hides 29,080 Staves M 6,.543 Lumber....*"*.. " 6,130 Shingles " 269 Lead pigs 6,276 Copper " 50 Shot bxs 368 Wool bales 12,340 Feathers " 1,410 Hem]) '• 235 Leather rls 1,763 Brooms doz 1,280 Pig iron tons 1,915 (( (; Wheat .bu Corn " Oats " Kye " Barley Potatoes Butter kgs Lard " Do :....bbls Cheese l)xs Do cks Hams and bacon .... Do p» Live hogs Live cattle and sheep . . . Tobacco hhds Do bxs Coal tons Starch bxs Do bbls Candles bxs Soap " Glass " Ginseng pks 2,177,500 137,978 18,017 1,617 456 2,113 17,427 8,223 8,553 13,206 2,630 6,170 24,960 4,773 230 262 166 1,524 2,920 164 432 490 3,624 380 '• In addition to the above, there were landed here from the West, 140 pks beeswax, 105 do oil cake, 320 cords hemlock bark, 40 bales hops, 395 pka saleratus, 50,000 sheep jjelts, the usual amount of furs, paper rags, beans, &c., intermixed with our multifarious western im- ports ; ->0 hhds of Louisiana sugar was also observed among the imports, It reached this jjlace via Cleveland and the Ohio canal. 12 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES Low prices have universally ruled this season, thus rendering the value of oiu- imports less than some previ- ous seasons. The value of imports this year is estima- ted at $8,000,000. Tn 1845. a a (I Flour Pork Beef Seed Whiskey Salt Fish Tallow Oil " Ashes cks Hams and bacon. . " Do ps Wool bales Lead pigs LeathfM' pl^gs Feathers " Hemp bales Brooms doz Hides '• Starch bxs Do bbls (rlasp. , bxs Iron tons 740,750 28,930 28,130 13,840 11,750 5,230 3,755 '2,565 1,140 32,900 2,925 9,330 16,185 14,810 5,268 2,775 2,620 2,335 43,590 2,780 207 3.2.50 2,390 Wheat bu Corn " Oatf^ Potatoes. , Rye Barley Coal tns Staves M Lumber M ft kgs bbls kgs Butter Do Lard Do Cheese bxs Do cks Shingles M Tobacro hhds Do bxs Shot kgs Sugar hhds Live hogs Soap bxs Candles " 1,770.740 54.200 23,100 4,000 1.170 456 3,936 8,573 9.655 18.455 310 7,200 15,220 20,667 2,950 700 625 230 350 243 1,860 257 246 " To this must he added a [rreat number of unenumera- ted articles coming in from the West, and tlie whole of the exports from Silver Creek, Dunkirk, Barcelona, &c., which being within this district do not report to the Cus- tom House, and of coin-se form no })art of the above im- ports. The articles thus omitted are pot and pearl ashes, cheese, butter, beef, wool, lumber in large quantities, and many other valuable commodities. Nearly the whole of our best cabinet lumber is imported from Cattaraugus and Chautauque counties. The pine is obtained from Canada. f Wfv '! w.l.l]p^(Wl"iPf.f ^l" Jit«^!Pl.' AND THE ERIE CAKAL. 13 "A valuation of the iinjjorts seems to have been omitted this year. Ill 1346. Flour, bbls. 1,324,529 Iron, tons 2,290 Pork and bacon, " 80,000 Coal, '• 4,430 Boef, " 2^,428 \ Leather, rolls 9,090 Wliiskcy, " 15,000 ; Ashes, bbls. 24,612 Wheat,' bush. 4,744,184 i Hides, nmbr. 50,535 Corn, " 1,455,258 Lard lbs. 6,099,171 Oats " 248,300 Butter, '> 3,509,900 Barley, " 47,530 , Cheese, «• 3,083,000 Rye, '. " 28,250 Cotton, bales 633 Staves, pes. 10,762,500 Wool, » 21,110 Lumber, ft. 34,536,829 [ Furs and Peltries, . . . pks. 2,550 5,150 I Beans, bbls. 3,120 3,022 , Sugar, bhds. 395 25,960 ' Potatoes, brish. 8,850 4,381 ' Fish bbls. 6,498 781 , Tallow, lbs. 808,860 26,021 I Broom Corn, bdls. 8,600 1,970 j Cranberries, bbls. 2,143 611 Brooms, doz. 9,665 350 ' Copper Ore, tns. 170 54,243 Shingles, Tobacco hhds. Lead, pgs. Corn meal, bbls. Oil, " Hemp, bis. Feathers, sks. Beeswax, bbls. Grindstones, tons Fat cattle, hogs, merchandize, furniture, Ace. &c., equal to . . pkgs. Forming a valuation of $17,827,810 " Tlie imports this year have greatly exceeded any for- mer one, and this table does no more embrace the whole, than the tables of other years do. The valuation placed upon the reported articles is $17,827,810. But it is believed that the omissions in the reports, if all could be ascertained, would swell the amount to $20,000,000. " The foresfoin"" is an account of the commerce reachins" this port tla-ough the Lakes, for the years indicated. 'With re«>'ar(l to the shipments of property from this port west, it is next to an impossibility to arrive at it, and impossible to specify the articles ; but they embrace every thing- used by man. The only manner I can *jret at any thing- like the value is, by taking the Canal imports ; but I 14 COiMMERCE OF THE LAKES then, we have extensive manufactures in this city, wliich make and ship laj-g-e quantities west, tog-ether with large suppHes received from rail roads and other sources, of which no accounts are kept. " I g-ive the value of the imports via. the canal into this city, and, althoug-h all is not orig-inally intended for the Western markets, the quantities of our own manufactures, and sales from our own stock, more than equal what is orig-inally left here Ijy tlie canal for Buffalo. The tonnage and valuation of jiroporty entering this city via. the Erie Canal, was in TONS. 1845 1! 1,41:3 1840 1.j8,701 VALUATIOX. $16.8^^8,382 2:^lJi9,<)(i5 " I will now beg leave to call your attention to some reminiscences connected with the commerce of this port, which may not Ijc altogether uninteresting to you. " The following is a list of the niunher of arrivals and departures at this port, for the years stated : NO. ARRIVALS AND DEPARTrRES. 1«1.'>. 1810. 1817, 64 100 i8r^, 1819, 100 , 90 Whether the arrivals and departures at Black Rock are in- cluded in this list, I cannot, at this late day, say, hut the probability is strong that they are; as that place, lying as it does, at the entrance into the Niagara river, was the general ship))ing port and resort of almost all the vessels until 1819; wh(^n the mouth of Buffalo creek was im- proved so as to let them come in here. Before this im- provement, nothing but the smallest kind of craft could en- ter this creek, exce]H imnxdiately after the spring fi'eshets, when the bars at its mouth had been washed away by the I f ■■ ")lff"Hlll'llihPI,.«"^p(I»TipiPl-||pilll» J Ijl AND THE ERIE CANAL. 15 \ i current; vessels that did trade here then, anchored off in the lake, and their loading was brought from and sent to them in lighters. 1820. 1821. 1822. 1823. .120 .150 .200 .2:}0 1824 . 1825, 1826, 1827, .280 . 355 .418 .572 "This table embraces thirteen consecutive years. At the close of this period, the total number of American vessels, of all descriptions, employed in the commerce of Erie and die Upper Lakes, was only ."j^, with an aggregate tonnage of 3011 tons. This meagre exhibit is in keeping with the population, which, in 1825, was ascertained to be constitu- ted of no more than 2,412 souls. At this time, the number will not vary much either w-ay of 35,000. The year 1 825, it will be remembered, was the period of the completion of the Erie Canal, and the above table of commerce ex- tends through the first two years of canal commerce: 1*^41 ,^3290 I 1«42 4952 " This year, vessels began to visit Lake Michigan for freights, instead of obtaining them from Ohio, as hereto- fore. The leng'th of the voyages, caused a decrease in the arrivals and departures. 1843 -ySH\ 1845 5200 1844 5978 "The introduction of many large new vessels, in the place of small old ones annually goinsr out of commission, a very boisterous sea,.^n of navigation, toi^-ether with the fact that trips are more regularly made to the Uj)per Lake ports in search of cargoes, may, in a measure, account for tlie diminished lumiber of arrivals this year. 'The arrivals and clearances, exports and imports, to and from Foreign ports, duriiig 1810, were — a 16 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES. AKKIVALS. American vessels GO Tennai^c 5,459 British American British do do do ,427 do 90,429 CLEARED. . 65 .427 do 6,012 df» 90,429 Total vessels 979 tons 192,329 Value of imports $121,600 Exports 191,959 $313,559 '• The cause of the great amount of Foreign tonnage is two British steamboats run to and from this port to Can- ada constantly, during the season of navigation, one making two trips per week, and one, a good part of the time, two trips per day. " Tlie enrolled and licensed tonnage in the District of Buffalo, in 1846, consisted of— Steam vessels 14,290 Sail do 10,513 Total tons 24,803 " The immber of arrivals, Foreign and coastwise, at the port of Buffalo, in 1846, were — Steamboats *. . . . 1310 Steam Propellers 200 :\:'. 'S and Schooners 2262 Sloops and other small craft 85 Total 3857 Forming a tonnage of 912,957 tons. " The number of clearances have been about the same, probably more, as an imusual number of vessels wintered over in this port last year — making a total of 7,714, form- ing an aggregate tonnage of 1,825,914 tons, arriving at and departing from the ])ort in the year 1846." I ifl, «pi .iMi] ,iii#i|ii"i»-"ib""»VUli niinim-^— ™B'!f»n^^|pi!«i«Wi«rp AND THE ERIE CANAL. 17 ERIE CaNAL commerce OF BUFFALO. The following- tables show the entire movement of pro- jiorty throiig-li Buffalo on the Erie canal, for the years 1845 and 1846. Appended to this pamphlet is a table, desig-- natino- the States, Territories and Countries from which this property came, and went to, and g-iving- the quantity of (^ach article ; it also includes the business of previous years. SliippM from Buffiili) on the Kru Uetfirt-d at Buffiilo liy the En« Ciinal 111 184ft Hiid IKIM, Canal in lR4.'i anil IMIk PRODtJCTS OF THE VOKKST. 184r). 1 H4(5. 1845. 1846. Fms ami pelt. lbs. 545,097 571,342 14,862 30,527 BM's and Scant, ft. 19,9.32,069 19,027,.530 3,140,959 3,119,009 Shinjrles, M 554 401 .. 15 Timber, c. ft 11,445 10,714 . . 58,186 Staves, lbs 89,174,110 73,135,932 .. 16,000 Wood, cds 980 729 13,025 16,655 Ashes, bbls 38,417 24,639 4 . J'RODUC rs OK VORICIJI.TURE. Pork, bills 28,235 61,492 43 - 20 Beef, " 34,084 28,503 ... Bacon, lbs 1,218,811 2,220,673 .. 2,177 Cheese, " 2,759,928 4,973,165 7,258 3,142 Butter, " 3,397,690 4,658,427 7,565 10,254 Lard, " 2,852,441 5,950,541 200 Wool, " 3,441,317 4,085,929 14,913 4,991 Hides, " 769,861 788,950 319,272 360,409 Flour, bbls 721,891 1,291,233 3,310 7,222 Wheat, bu 1,354,996 3,613,569 271 .376 Rye, " 903 1,895 3 4 Corn, « 33,094 1,119,689 . . 434 Barley, " .. .3,683 11,013 6,2.5» Other jrrain, bu. . . 9,040 185,896 10,.564 liran &i, ship .st. bu. 3,266 2,550 45,354 8,588 Peas and beans, " 1,587 6,265 367 41 Potatoes, bu 3,445 771 1,706 3,206 Dried fruit, lbs. . . . 7,837 290,492 807,599 268,395 Cotton, " 252,983 .50,914 123,456 Tobacco, " 608,349 2.511,380 120,364 1.52,090 Clov'r&gr. sd. lbs. 2,487,336 1,009,423 11,558 50,47;t Flaxseed, lbs 184,563 971,796 .. igo Hops, '« .... 4,436 2,118 35,085 143,713 lUiMKSTrr M\NlIKA(Tt)RF.S. Domes, spirits, «?al. 272,336 323,925 17,840 5,800 Leather, lbs I,0y0,.548 1,1.37.3.56 2,081 Furniture, " 1,254,764 1,177,273 9,491,372 9,649,943 B 18 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES .Slii|ipf(l rruri)]Bul)'i>ti' on tliH Kric Cunul 111 \*i'> ;iiiii 18-11.. Ui'Ciiveil ai Bullulii mi tlie Kiif CmikiI III IM.. ami IKIii. V ■t \i'}\ 101,518 3:},770 23,143 1,213 f) 10,204 35,394 87,802 5,052 11,198 295,125 170,777 DOMKSriC MANIKACTURKS. 1H45. Bar iV pio; loail, llis. 345,387 Piij in»ii, " [roll wiuv, " Domes, woolens, *♦ DoiUOS. COftODS, *' Salt, bu Merchandise, lbs. . OTHER AKTICLKS. Stone, lime and clay, lbs 11,804,950 3,973.900 Oypsiun, '• 1,594 0,410 iMineral co;»l, lbs.. 1,954.850 3,274,102 Sundries, lbs 0,844,395 10,705,597 Of the Tonii:i(if cleaic.l from Biitnilo IS! .">. the Forest (luiiished 91.073 Agriculture 138,733 Domestic nuinuractincs . . . 2,817 iVferchaiidisi^ 148 Other articles 10.302 istf). ■ • 110,880 2,813,040 iHtn. 2,705,040 5H2,094 560,572 100,893,428 110,148,045 37,134.457 493,179 5.222,991 0,57(5,203 ISUJ. 77,022 310.848 3,107 88 8.9M0 28,314,SS0 200,805 0,080,000 2.932,004 243,073 Of the Tonnage left at litinalo tlie Forest furnished 43,400 Agricultiue 2,008 Domestic manwtactures. . . 23,779 Merchandise 50,447 Other articles 24,713 144,413 Total tons 348,0so 18 1.-.. V^aluation, |)ro|ierty cleared from ^ 9,502,300 Valuation, properly lelf at 10,888,382 Total.. ....$26,390,088 Tolls received at Ruflalo, $482,03!) 04 53,021 1,099 22.101 .58,071 18,821 400,04r 1.53,701 553,7() I iSlli. $1.5,014,310 23.199,005 $38,214,025 $703,083 02 CANAL COMMERCE OF HLACK IJOCK. Slii|i|iH,l iViiiii l!l;ick Ki..k 1." Ilio n ivcl ;it Hbrk Hni k liy tin, Krii' CaiKil ill ly-C ;inil l.'-|i.. Krn' CmiiiI m l«l'. nml IHIi:. PROTmcTS OF THE Fonr.sT. lH4;'i. IStfl. 1R4.'). JH4fi. Furs and pelt. Iks. . . 1,403 8,728 1,2.50 Boards and scant. l\. 3.85(»,H()9 4,412.917 95,195 200,505 Shinoles, .M 12 17 73 04 TimJ)er, KM) c. ft... 103,700 203,154 72,800 101,143 Slaves, lbs 27^.000 00.000 122,159 Wood, cds 12,950 17,:'.10 703 000 Ashes, bills 191 4 4 ■I ".HW- ■■■»«' m'mil> .^l^fini «■. I CTjipjpijvjpgp^ (jOO AxND TllK ERIE CANAL. ID SImipe.l finm ninrk Re. k on Hit Rwcjvfd at llhi.k Hiw.k l,y Hit, hnv Cmml m isi:. »nil lM"i. Krie Cuaal m lH.-> ntid IM«. iMioiinc rs -IK A(.KH,ui,iL'UK. 1815. 18K). 184.'». 184(!. I'oik, hhU -Jl U3 114 109 ncH!(; '' :] .. 19 24 IJticoii, lbs .. 100 .. :H)0 ^'lioase, " 1,:350 7-26 H44 053 l?iittor, " . . M,7()5 509 '-iril, " ;}2S G96 .. 180 ^Vo()l, " 5s,'2r)r> 31,937 UiiK '' (5,711 .-. 1,006 I "lo'ir, bhls 15-J,7yr) 1 l(;,7(U 1,305 1,735 ^Vli'Mit, l.u 18,790 -^3,797 3-^0,193 490,540 ^'"i"' '• •• LlOO 3.801 8,3-21 '^iirlcy, •• .. .. .. 40 ()llifi-.<«;riiin, Im 59 7-29 3,780 9,428 Sir'iiv'^.sliipsdiH; !)u. 93,248 58,284 5,744 5,208 l*(!;isiiii(l hraii.s, 1)11. . .. .. I3 3 l'«)l;i(()('s, l)!i .. ;j i]>2 102 nricd iViiits, l!).s 200 .. 100 lOO ,*;'i'""» " — .. .. 100 'roluicco, " .. .. 7,700 ClovV 1.V ;.^r. .s(I. II,... .. 41,410 M\,M !•• \( I l')U:.S. Domestic si)irits,gul. 3,744 OOm 4,074 1,342 liOatiuT, Ihs ... 3,453 4,900 ll.OSs 540 '•'"riiiliiir. •' 101,901 179,3(i2 34,594 3l,0l9 !?;ir;iiiii|)i-- ItNul, 11)-^. .. 1,035 J*i>" iron, ll's .. .. 300 Iron wiirt', " .. 1,050 100 0,100 JJoiiU's. \vooI<>ns, lbs. .. 2,493 i^''^t,]m .. .. r)00 2,455 Vli'rch;iiKlk>e, lbs. .. 3,S10 8,182 100,843 184,218 OIllKIl Millcr.KS. Stono, lime iiiid <-livy, Ib.^ h'i'> 1,200 2,557,910 1,070,200 358,805 <'yP«inn, " .. .. 25,720 <'<':iK " .. 12,000 30,500 Sni'fhies, *' 558,2(i0 489,594 570,070 411,012 or tlic Toniia;:e clcarod lioiii I'.lack Rock 1 8 J-l. | HHi. the Forest fdinished 10,141 59,920 Airi-iculturc 1H,085 17,314 Maiiiiractures 08 08 Mercluiiulise. 2 4 <)(her arlicli^s 1,140 1,530 05,442 78,872 Ol' llic Toiiiia!.'!! Icfl a* l!l:;i k Ho-k tlic Kdicst liiitiislu'd 3,«i54 4,045 Agricuituic 1 9.007 15,349 ■I 1' 20 C'OMMKKCE OF THE LAKES or Die Tonnage leti at Illiick Rock 1 84 3. the Manufactures furnished... HO Mercliandisc TiO Other articles l,!-""'! 14,»18 Total tou^-, 80,:i(!0 tSt5. Valuation property «-lt;;irc(l from $849,14;^ Valuation pro|)erty left at •_^'':''l!! TotaU !8ll,'iO:J,l-2'2 Tolls received at Black Hock )$5ti,r)Ht» 78 istn. - lO.SHitJ U8,8:w 1H1<{. !it;8t).i,!)r)4 .V20,r)(M) )Si83,U;J0 21 I t- ^ •Si V* As tlie btiyiiiess done on the Erie Csinal, lliroiif^li Buffalo and Bhit'k Rock, is literally (lie business of one place, 1 will now consolidate and present it in a condensed Ibrni. 1845. IHIO. Tonnage first cleared from Butliilo is 248,()48 4(U),(» 15 Do. B. Hock,... (iMfJ ;]09,115 7S,87-J 478,017 Tonnage left at BulVulo is 144,4i;J IT'l^JfJl Do. do. B. Rock, 14,918 159,^1 19,9bU _nM,727 * Total tons 4()8,446 (ir)2,ti44 Valuation property cl'd from BufTalo J|I9.5()'2,30(5 * 1.^)1 4,31 (5 Do. B. Rock.... 849,44.T 8()4,9a4 ir),>^19,27U 19,351,749 Valuation propertv left at Buffalo 16,888,38-2 •J3,lit9,r)6r> Do. B.Rock 3(i3,()79 17^4'2.90l r)29,6()9 •J 3.7-J0.33 4 Total $27,593,810 $39,539,004 Tolls received at Ruiralo . . . $482,039.04 7G3,G83.02 Do. do. B. Rock . . 5 0,082.78 _ 83.it30.27 Total $538,221.82 $847,013.29 The Canal o])ened A))ril 16, and closed on the 25th No- vember, niakiniif 221 days of navig-ation ; deduct one- seventh for Sundays, leaves 192 workini;- days. The ])ro- perty passin*,*- (^ach way from B, and B. ]{, is 652,6- 1 4 tons, which irivos .'{,400 tons as the lal)or that was performed each day, during* the whole season of navigation. i f* AND THE ERIE OANAL. 21 rOKT OF DUNKIRK. .Siatctncut of imports uml exports at tho port of Dunkirk, N. Y., during the season of 1846: IMPORTkS. Vssorted iiUM'cMisc, . .lbs. 1,;M!>,M'( I llvdrjiiilic cement & |)lii.st(M', fi'J.'iOO Cotil SO^^.OdO I'ij,' iron I(i4 0(»(( Furniture, 12, 1577 Salt l)bls. 2,001 Diiiry salt, sacks. l,2t)0 Dry hides, 870 Cedar posts 1,750 Lime stone, cords. 40 Fstimatcd value !i$16G,7GU,i25 EXPORTS. < lanli'M seeds 1)xs. ('liop|)iii F>!irl( V, hush. Oil cake, tons. it 0, HI Cht'ese, jhs. ."jR 1,012 r.O IJutter, is;} j Leather, 8.") liaiid l):),\es, box. 1S;{ : Dried apples, lbs. .'jO Flax, u !>(> Wool, " 297,125 20,5110 1,200 i!>,;}r)3 30,907 05 ,7 OH 228 Lmiibcr, {]. 1,200,000 105 ' Scythe snaths do/. 500 i ■ !''sti mated vahi-, )$109,7;U),.53 l'"!""''^ !$i00,70l»,2rj ^••M»"i'''S • • 109,730,53 .\gyri>i;ale amount 6270,490,78 FORT OF ERIE, PA. We niv iiHlohtcil. saystho "Ohsci'ver," to Murray Wlml- loii, E.sij., Coilcctoi- of* this ]K)i't, for the following- compai-a- tive ta])lc of the. exports from tlii« port lor the year« LS15 ami '46. It siiows an increase of at least 100 per cent, in lavor of is IF,. A-dies, ton;s Butter an i cheese " l^"o:; |,l,].s. |{e(!swa\ '' F»arlev, lanh. F,eans '' ^ "oal, tons ( ■astinji.N " Corn hi-sh. ( 'o:-n, IjKKiii;, H);^, Cigars '• 1845. t^iinntity, 540 520 i 5.">0 75 4,448 00 >^,507 550 853 1846. 508 028 i 882 25 7,581 23 21,534 555 10,107 22,214 13,850 WWIP 22 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES I!! ■iiii it Clover Hccd, i>l)ls. ChostniiLs, hush. Cider, l)Ms. Cotton, raw, ll>s. J^'gg-S 1jI>i>-- Flour " Fruit, (W'uhI & grocn " Feathers Ibf*. Flax seed, • • . b})ls. (i rass seed '' (linnen^ lbs. iJlass iV ^\[i!iti ware, tns. Hides, skins & t'urs " flemp ^' Hay '• Hnrils, Il)s* I roil, pifjs tons Iron and Nail.^, ' Iron, railroad, Iron wire, Ib.s. Leatljer " Lead, pi.'Z, " lii-ad, white, " liicjuor, bills. Lard, lbs. Lumber, Ceot Oil, bbls. Oil cake, Ions * /clln^ ••«* •••• »•■! •• •••• •••• lliISM* Paper, reams Pumps nnd Pipe Potatoes, bush. Pork, bacon and hams bbls. HnfTs, 11):^ Rye, bush. Staves, Stearine, 1>1j1s. Salt, " Shingles. M Scales, platform, Shingle bolts, cords Seed, rape, busli. Sugar, Molasses, tl'cc. lbs. Sundries, tons Tallow 11,,7. Tobacco, uniiiiinM, '■ Wo )1 ^» INI.). ijiiuiitity 10 yo fiOO mo 250 no 1-^4 l.iO •JfiO Ki.OGl 7,000 iir> •J,000 ;},M'jt M. 100 15 •l.HOO 1,7!):J i'lO 1,1 -^(5 WO 5,545 l,lns M. 50 :^00 M.550 500 10 500 IN46. w 0,070 541 14,50:i 0-i!) 56,760 20 14,075 260} 77.1 400 20 I.SOO MOO 012 2,052 10,000 123,:}70 120,700 5H,602 85 ;},00 1,675 200 10 l(i,;u)o ;{,ioo 1,26;} 2,546 1,400 Oil 1,056,375 856,600 6.5,4 ri5 Aggregate value lor 11^45 . Do. do. 1846 Showing an increase over last 3 ear of, 450 M35,7;}5 451 ;Ui.200 .S:ri,602 476,022 . 1,07;}.24() $660,012 fiff "»!»^^BPp*»»nn^ AND THE KRIP: CANAL. 23 1 TIk'sc tallies show tlio eflbct prodiicod on the commerce of that place by the ag-ency of the Erie Extension Canal, • •(Minecting the Lakes with the Ohiu Riv«>r. It was opened in 1815, and had few conveniences or boats ibr doin«'- business, and a conunenc<'nient merely was made; in 1816, it was better jirovided with facilities for business, and the dif^M-ence is shown in the tables. No account has been published of the in»i)orts, coastwise or Foreiirn. It is, however, well known that a ot)od d(\'d of l)usLness is done there, and that larg-e (quantities of su- perior oypsuni is imported from Canada, nround at Erie, and dn-oucrli this Canal sent to the interior Counties of Pennsylvania. PORT OF (;li<:veland, oiiio. The following' abstracts show the Lake Commerce of Ibis port in 1846 : Abstract of produce and iiKM-cliandise, the product of the United Stales, exported I'lom the District of Cuyahoga, Oliio. to ibreigu poit^ urul countries, during the year 1840. 11,2:23 hhls. Hour, (iM,4(ll bush, wheat, 28,8-23 " corn, 4,402 bbls. pork. 78 tons f^rindstoiies, 230 calf sl ware, 20 1 pkj^rs. inefchandise, 004,000 lbs. tallou, AMKKK'.W VKSSRT.S, 040 |>K'f>s. sundries, H8 tons coiil, r)4 pkfjs. bacon, 1,70;') bxs. glass, 333 (Icz. brooms, 04 bdls. broom com, HI l)bls. fruit, 30 " clover seed, 300 '• salt. 408 pkgs. lard, ^'^l"at'<>n $150,011 BKITISir VKSSKLS. 11,703 bbls. floiu', 150 ^y^.^.^ 240.001 bush, u heat, 75 pkgs.'lard, nj,(i3r) " corn, 575 oks. tallow, ;.,0H3 bbls. pork, I ;]87 bales heinp, 17i tiius grindstones, | ;^,-,84 lbs, bacon. IP 24 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES. uRrnsn vessels. — «'ontim;j:ij. I ;; i' 2,r»00 foot luniher, •JO pkg.s. stoiio pipos, '21 " nicrcliandiso, 1 mill, 100 bxs. trlass, 670 tons coal, 87 bush, clovor scoil, 1(5!) plvfrs. giororics. Valuation, !|S4(in,2n7 Abstract of waiv anil inorchaiulise inipoilcd from ('anada into the Port of iJlovcliin;'., tluring llic year 184(1 I,2l4,;^7*2 ^oet pine lumber, 277 cords shingle timber, mo J M. shingles, 27 spars, 37 vd.-. c<)t. anil w'rs'd oloth, Oi'bbls. lake lisli, 4 doz. hot. mineral water, 2 sails t'or vessels, 2 mariners' comi)asses, 4,057 lbs. anchors and chains, fi!) galls, ale, 2 bhls. api)les. 1 bush, peas, 78 tone, 0,500 bush. Si. Ubes salt, 64 galls, wine, :VJ ' " branik. H57 ton'^ crude , lastcr. Warehoused and transferred from \ew York to IJutlalo. ;ind from Buf- Palo to this [)ort, withdrawn Dec. 2d, under new tariti^ — 500 l>xs. raisins. Valuation, ^lOjlHO Abstract of exports coastwise from the Tort of Clcvehmd, Ohio, during the season of navijiation of 1S4G. .•^40,000 bbls flour, 35,000 " pork, 1,3(57,383 bush, wheat, 421,147 •' corn, 33,000 pkgs. mdse, 1,176 tons. " 10,430 1)bl,s. salt, 180.100 lbs. tallow, 35(5,120 " lard, 1,034,680 " l)utter, 3,440 trs. and cks beef, 2,018 bbls. beef, 2,000 '^ seeds, 955,200 lbs. nails, 12,678 bxs. glass, (517,550 lbs, cheesis 2,370 l)bls. ashes, 1.231,200 !!)s. bacon, 2,(504 tons bar iron, .521 '' bundle do, (5,671 " coal, 1,281,40(1 lbs. wool, Valuation 457,000 lbs. leather, 1,847,021 " tobacco, 47,4(58 '• feathers, 1.38(5 M staves, 1^7,7^3 galls. s(on(> ware, 2,830 lulls, breom coin, 12 tons. furs. 16 steam boilers, 365,000 ft. huni)er 42,(525 lbs. green hides, 382 bbls.' lake lish, 1,200 '• tiuit, 225 lulls, steel, (51 wagons and carriages 417 stoves and ttu'uiture, 30 mill stones. 27 Idus. hemp, .500 bbls. oil, 2,432 " and cks. whiskey. Sundry articles not parti- cularized. .'§7,010,402 AND THE ERIE CANAL. 25 Abstract of Imports coastwise to the Port of Cleveland, during the season of naviijation of 1846. 40,366 pkgH. merchandise, ) weighing 5,986 tons, ^ 38,793,709 fr. pine lumber, 826 M shingles, 90,670 bbls. salt, 7,700 " fish, o(),91[ bush wheat, 1,488 bbls. flour, 1,500 " wafer lime, 2,335 burr blocks, 435 t(U)s. vSi 1.354 ps marble, 13 wagons and carriages, 7!) hush, ashes, 19 tons, castings, 1,235 bbls. plaster, 300 tons. 7,276 bags salt. 389 cds. limestone, 1,068 stoves and furniture, 212 libls. pork, 811 green hides, 10,151 bush, barley, 403,550 lbs. leather 100 stove castings, 191 bbls. and cks copper ore, 235 tons, coal, 33 bbls. oil, 30 sks. wool, 112 bbls. tallow, 200 (loz. scythe s'natlis, 151 tons scrap iron. 79 " ship stulf. Sundry articles, not [)arli- cularized. Valuation .'§i5,045, 195 " For tli<^ |uii-})Ose of sliowiiii;-, at one view, the money value of the Lakf* Coiinueree iloiie through ih(> Port of Clev(4ait«l, ill ISK), I pre.seut it in tlie followint^- form : FiXporls to Foreign [)orts in IJritish vessels, $ 463,237 l)i). do. do. American do. 156,041 Impoils from do. do. Am. »!s; For. do. 10,lS9 Do. coastwise in American do. 5.045,195 Exports do. do. do. 7.040.402 $12,715,364 The arrivals aii'l clearances to Foreio-n ports were — Arrivals — British S2 vessels 9,36S 75 tonii. American,.... h7 do 6,141 (>0 Cleared — Rritish, ^0 <|o 9,390 70 American, .... 78 do 6, 11:> 11 Total, 327 do 15,504 16-95 tons. "Tli(MU-rivals and clearances coastwise have not been oiven, hilt tluU the numl)er is very lar3 1,116.578 Castings, " 342.859 638,485 Machinery, lbs 62.760 1 3 1 ,475 Saleratus," " 282,050 1 85.869 Pot and Pearl ashes, lbs 132,959 170,826 Other salts of lev. *' 476,435 2()3,038 Marble, lbs. ... 1 504,083 1,028,107 Hides and Skins, lbs 121,521 23,362 Clocks, lbs 140,373 127,432 Grindstones, lbs 51,413 37.656 Cheese, " 30,854 87.551 Lumber, feet 2,045,961 2.497,008 Shingles, " 3,251,000 1,913,250 Flat hoops, " 7 77,000 1.473.680 No estimated money value of this property htis been published. i AND THE ERIE CANAL. 27 PORT OF SANDUSKY, OHIO. The Sandusky Clarion IVirnishf^s the following" of the ini|inrt.s of the District of Sandusky, during- 1810: Sandi'skv. Mcrchtuidiso, 11)8 15,:i90,()00 Stone coal, " .^)7S,000 Sail, l)hls 29,911 Plaster," .... Water iiino, bids 4r)() Fish, ■" 1,M;39 Flour, ■ " 00 VViiiskoy, " 16H Beer, " '« 27« Vinegar, " .... Lime. '• 1,600 Linnl.er, feet 1,400,1334 Shingles, *' ;U5S,7r>0 Shingle, bolts, cds 30 Stone, '• .... Railroad and pig iron, tns 2,10(5 ( 'astings, " Rj Pumps, 210 Lath, i\I 150,000 abstract the year Milan. 2,()52.214 72,000 16,090 4()2 189 231 241 « • • • 4 2 • • • • 219,293 ll.V>00 80 13 • « • • Abstract of imports and (^xports at Lower Sandusky (about MO niil<\s in the interior from the Ltike, better known in history as Fort Stephenson, the scene of Col. Crosi^han's o-allantry in the war of J 812,) in the District of Sandusky, for the year 184G: EXI'OKTS. IMPORTS. Wheat, bush !)0,000 Salt, bbls 1,480 l*()rk, bbls .'jOO Merchandise, tons 2r)0 Vslies, cks '}^^H Flonr, bbls 1,010 Seeds, •* iru) Riitter, kegs 200 ("(.rn, bii^h 18,400 t Staves 1,100,000 ; Wool, tons 3 1 Hides, " 3 ' Lumber, feet 74,000 •w—-^ 28 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES Pi \'\ V i The exports from the District of same ))eriod were: Sandisky. Whoat, l)u,sli 843,740 (\..u, " r)0,904 Oats, " 8,5(53 r.i.rley. " 2''i<> FolaloGH, '• • • • • Clover .scfti, i)iisli 7,08G Poik, bbls 10,372 Flour, " -A,S'iii Beef, " '^,1=J9 AsIk>s, " 5^,291 Tiinotliy stcd, hbls fiOl Flux s(H'd, bbls 954 Tallow, '• 705 Hi^lluvines, " 1,729 Diiod Friiil, " 213 Cranberries, " 702 Beeswax, '• 10 Beans. '• 17 Ilaius, '' 275 Crease, " '^9 EfrorS, " 27 Plast.T, *' :,095 Maple Siiiiar. " 25 Rye, " 22 ]Uh'v, '^ 20 Biitb r, " .... Butter, keii " 48,451 " " " \V.],9Ui 70 Abstract of morcluuiilise imporliMl liom Canada into tlie District of 8:in- (lusky, iiiiiin<4 the year 1*^10: A.nK,I?If'«N VKSSKLS. f).");} conls f.hini:le woeil, 1 set ol' spars, :^r).7r»0 .-.!iinpl(>s, 400 Ills castin;j,s. *>,no7 HKITISII VKSSl'.LS. 401 bhis. (ish, I 2 l>ao-s he-i).-.. Estimated value, $2ir^,(W (52 coon skins, 10 \\)K '• 27 miisluat ^Uins, IIG lil>ly. lisli. 2n8,;5r)8 ll-el lumber, Msli milted value,. PORT OK 'I'OI.EDO, OHIO. "The lollowiny- siiows tlie shipments from llils port for three seasons, their au'i>Te,i>ate value, and the (juantity of salt imported: 1^410. Wheat, bushels 85,000 I'lcur, bbls 51.000 \'u\k. " 1,:500 Whiskey, casks 700 Aslies, * " 000 Seed, " :U)0 IbiUer, keo-s 280 Hides,.... 1.107 Valuation, |i:^8 1,000 £§^1. 1H43. 127,808 lir),7:u) 45.781 iVi ,280 7.003 8.415 2,205 1,001 l,:U):? 1,072 .52(> 251 450 451 2,180 1.001 lii;.52l,000 $:J58,00U 30 COMMERCE OP THE LAKES Tho (!quivaleuts of these tables, of Flour and Wheat, reduced to bushels, are for 1840, :U0,000; for 1841, 35G,8lS; tor 1842, 303,139. Imports of Salt, bbk, 1840,10,000; 1«^41, 17,000; 1842, unknown. "The Wabash &. Erie Canal, terminatino- at Toledo, was only in operation four weeks, and tolls to the amount of $2,961 were received at La Fayette, la., on the following- merrliandise, shijiped from there : Flour, bbis 5,237 Flax spt'd, bush 1,435 Oats, " 053 Bacon, lbs. 801 Lard, kcjis 21 Whoat, bash 14,700 Wheat, bbIs 104 Apples, " 55 liutter^ kp<;s 10 Feathers, li)s 2,000 #1 The Toledo '• Blade"' g-ives the followino" table, exhibit- ing' the quantity and value of articles received at Toledo, by canal and rail-road, during- the season of 184(3: Flour, bb!s lG4.(i89 Fxm'.w.ix, 40,803 Wheat, !)iish 810,903 Afolassps, " 622,334 Corn, " 1,159.315 , Ho7 "I have seen no account ])ublish(MJ of imports from the Lake into t'l i ])ort. in ISK), lu'ithcr die numl)er of arrivals and de})arti ■;, coastwise or (breign. The imports in mo- ney value will, I think, fully r'qual, if not exceed, the ex- AND THE ERIE CANAL. 31 ports, as large quantities of merclmnilise is sent througli that place for Cincinnati, Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, and other states and places." STATE OF MtCHKJAN. / There has been exported from the Port of Detroit lor .^ /Wr tli^yf-ai' 1^^/ ^he following- products of the growth and /•< nmnufacture of the State. Flour, l)l)ls 491.002 M^icat, hush 114,307 Aslics, cks •), / 42 Woo!, lbs • 006,14:5 Loathful-, do 100,354 C'raiihcrrics, l)l)l.s.. .. Fish, Grass seed, Fhix seed. Mustard seed, " Brooms, doz. . . . Pork, bbls Hoof. " [lams, " Beans, bush. . . , Corn, '* ... 2,920 9,305 510 100 5 100 2,()2 1 200 •JOO 2,027 3,70S Barley, bush Oats, " Potatoes," Provisions, bbls. ass'd . . Whiskey " Gi'oon and dry hides,.. Bei!swax, bbls - • • ( ( inseiiii, and other roots, Hay, tons Mineral Ore, ll)s ^^tav(!s, ....... fi'.unber, i'eet Shliigies, Furs and peltries, value, Straw hats, " [5(;er, bbls Total value »M exports from Detroit, $2,495, 3s5,50 There has been also exported in the same period from the port ot" Monkoe, Mich. Flour, bbls l.'.'.lOS Torn, bush Wheat, bush Ashes, tons Wool, lbs Hides Pork, bt)ls Heans, bush Alcohol. i)bls C'ranberrics," Buckwheat Hour, l)b!s. Value ot" Monroe exports. 372,837 591 81,424 90,521 189 290 40 15S 75 • * • • • Barley, Bc(^swax, lbs {.'orn brooms, do/ Potatoes, bush ", |)ks. . . . • • • • • 170 781 65 74 ValniUion ol'St. Joseph exports, 51601,555,9!!^ PORT OF (JRAXD RIVER, MICH. \ The uiinilKu- of amvals and departures fi*m this port, \^^1 duriiio- the iiaviuatiou season of 1846, is 107. The niunber of passeno-ers arriving- at this port durin<,'- the season, is 1,586. Th<3 amount ol" ex])orts is as lullows: I'lour, ltl)ls.. Wheat, l»ii«h Pine himlxM", toot. . . Shin^j^les, M li;ithJ)J!- Staves, M Hemlock Inirk, curd. Sliingl;' liDlfs S(juaro tiiiil)f'r, ti-cl. , Cranberries, hl)l-<, .. ^^^•.M 1,0-il 120 :no « « • • • • f Piaster, hlils Aslics, ( 'asks Window sash, ltd Is. Furs, [)acks :8.()00 [ Maple sugar, bhis. . M(> I Wood, cords 2,008 i:j.5oo 2,1!)() 50 100 01 (HI 150 Total (Jrand River exports .f* 170,5:^0 21 ValiK' (»f iiiinber, shirijiles, and o*lier articles exported iVoiu other porta in this State, is estimated at !$570,i);?0 25. UKlAl'lTl LATIO.N. The exports ol" Delruit auunint to "• Moaroe '' St. .ios(>ph's •' '•' (Iraiid River'' All ethers " !«i«2,405 3:55 50 800.211 0(J (JO 1,555 08 17n,5;V.) 21 570,0M() 25 Tela! 81,on,()08 00 Tht' inipurls have nut hoen liiven, hut it is not unrea- yunahle to ;i;'Siinie thtit tlie amount will not vary nnieli Ironi llie exports, both toLii'lher lurming an a^g-regate of nearly ten millions of dollitrs. The enrolled and lieensed tonna^-e wiiltin the District of Delroit was 2'). 'J:i8 oJ-'J.") tons, (composed of— Enrolled strain 8.400 00 " sail vessels 17.017 40 LieeMS<'kgfl 198 25,205 Rags, tons 140 1,770,050 Pails, do/. 295 107,545 Mdse., «kc 314,143 50,425 , Wheat .■x|.i)rtcil. Kloiir eximrte I . 1H45 95,500 bush. 7,500 bbls. 1840 213,448 bush. 15.750 bbls. Increase fur 1840, 117,948 bush. 8,256 bbls. '' The increase, it will be seen, has been more than 100 per cent. No doubt, says the Sentinel, a similar increase would be shown by a comparison of the other articles of export ; but we have not the means of making- it. The above suffices, at least, to show the rapid g-rowth and de- vdopment of our yet infant Territory. And this is but the beg'inning-. PORT OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. " The following- are, of the principal articles exported from this port, during- live seasons : 1842. Wheat, bush 580,910 Oats, '• 53,485 Flour, bbls -^920 Pork, " 15,450 Uoof, " W3 Wool, lbs 1,500 Lard, " 36,720 Tobacco, lbs 3,000 Hams, " In pork a 'I'.^llow " 15,130 1,185 bbls. 34,900 bbls. 1,000 ILdos, No 6,975 14,535 1 1,042 12,255 Valuation $659,300 i»l,008,2l0 $785,300 $1,500,000 D 1813. 1844. 1815. 628,965 871,805 956,860 3,707 • • • • 5,900 10,785 4,320 13,750 11,110 7,050 7.010 10,380 7,890 6,200 22,050 90,035 210,015 282 bbls i. 1,630 bbls G0,-220 47,900 52,653 52,000 In porkac't. In iiork a(i't. 22,925 r 34 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES. "The exports and imports of tlie same place, in 1840, were — • KXPORTH. i Wheat, hush JJci'fiiiid pork, hl)ls. . . . I'loiir, bijlw Liinl and tallow, hhls. . . Do lbs. . . Hams, hbis " pes Fish, bbis Wliiskey, bhis Tobacco, lbs '• bxs Candles, " l»ctvswa.\, bbis lbs Soaj), b.xs Furniture, bbIs " bxs Wool, lbs " bales Agricultural imple. nionts, bbls Furs, lbs •' bxs. and bales .... Ginsejig, sks Salt, bbls Oil " Fruit, *' Merchandise, bbls Oats, bush Corn " Merchandise, tons. . . . bbls "■ bxs, andpkgs. Malt, bbls " y[^j^ Fish, hhh.V.'.'.V.'..'.'. Mutter, " Beans, " Oil " Whiskey l.bl> Fruit, cider, ,ooo l,8ri2 "No vdhiatiuii has boon r('|K)rtr(l for the exports and Im- ports of 18 1(). The arrivals and departures al this port, lor ISK), were — Ariiv.iU, 852 vSioamors I'ropollcrs ni r.iios or. Sclioonoiv ^•^'* Total IMor. II*>piUtUI*"«. 348 lOi) 04 8nr» 138(i Totiil. 700 220 IHO 1072 2781 PORT OF MK'UKJAN CITV, INDIANA. "The following- tal)le gives— says the paper ol" that place— the i)rincipal articli^s ex])orted and imported al Michigan City. The three first years are from the first of May, 1813, to the first of May, 1846; and the last year from the first of May, 1840, to the close of navig-ation. EXPORTS. 1843. 1844. 1843. 1840. Wheat, Imsh 3.^7,0.^0 304,045 420,714 332,000 Corn and oats, hush 2,000 2,420 3,819 4, Flour, hbls 1,000 1,825 3 051 1,00 Pork and lard, hbls 520 1,050 2,G00 2,510 Beet and tallow, " 210 325 80 1,000 English hoef, tr. --iUO 50 .... Sundries in bulk, ))bls .... 1,300 1,975 4,38 6, ^ .5 Hides, ^^0 1,050 1,333 1,0;)0 Wheat in store, Dec. 23, 1846, l)ush 187,000 flour " " " hbls 500 IMPOKTS. Merchandise, tons 575 071 068 1 ,61 Salt and Ihn,., " 025 1,-378 2,.500 4,500 Sundries in bulk, bids.... 1,500 2,163 3,78;) 5,784 36 OOMMERCE OP THE T,AKE55 "Coinpaiin^^> j)er cent; hides, ;{() per cent; and imports l;^() per cent. This ratio of increase* is j^ro- hably as trreat, if not g-reater than that of any other |)oint on the lake." LAKE ONTAJUO C^0MMP:RCE. Of ail tlie nnmerons ports on tin's Lake, I am nnable to present any portion of their commerce, except that of Os- weg-o and Lewiston. I*()RT OF OSWEGO— LAKK lUlSINESS. The following table contains a comparative statenjcnii of the imports arid exports at the port of Oswego, durinir the years 1815 and 184(): DirOllTS. i^i'f. 1810. Lumber, feet in,78^,()!)2 2>i,8;3S,'282 ^"ing'^'-. " 1,524,27-) 4,338,850 ^!^'''''\ ;' 1,544,712 1,247,857 ^ "eat, bush 1,012.210 2,576,211 J,'''"'' " 13,358 354,372 ,^'^'%' " 71,f;2l 86,091 '^^P' " 15,457 .-il,410 <^>'its, " 72,174 <8,477 fl" 1'"' i'bls 77,()02 72,912 '^<^<^^"' " 2,H24 '946 f»'l^' " 3,299 13,374 ^^^^'UtC'< 4,3(3.5 (Jbeese, cks 12,302 17,595 Whiskey," ijOl .2^315 Starch, " 1 15 ^^4 Cheese, bxs .-^^Ho 4^.79 t^"ttt'r, tubs 10,277 22,820 ^^'•J"!' "j« 134,101 331,078 AND THE ERfR CAXAt. :Mf IMPORTS — rONTINl'Kn. •• Hums, lbs. . . . Lard, " Tolmcco, hiuls. (rlllSS, l)XS. . . . Ashes, cks. . . . Pi^ iron, tons . . IHI'n IS1A. M ITM-JO 2iM),iyi) 1 121.12(1 254,201 ;; 27 1})2 '1,:<(U fl,15H g 7.«H>2 If 1),54:< 251 47H t\C* d \i f 1/ kl 1 1* c 1 f It will he seen that in the articles of flour, staves, ashes and oats, there has heen a slii^ht lallinufofr, while in alTihe others the increase is very larg-e. In the articles of grain, himber, provisions, butter and cheese, the increase is im- mense. The wheat, corn, beef, pork, tobacco, and many other articles, are principally the products of Western States, imported from thence via. t^e Welland Canal. No valuation has been published of the fsxports. EXI'OKTS lOR 1^40. Mcrchaiuliso exported to Western |)urts, lbs 15,(i91,(ini " " Uaiuida, ll,:W.V2(i " " State ports, N. Y., 14,8()r),rU 1 Total merchandise exported, 42,:?Hr),()i)-; Vahie of '♦ " ... $ 4,2M8,59!) Salt exported to Western ports, bhls 229.227 ♦' " State " N. v., 31,840 " " Canada " :VJ,74:} Total number of barrels exported, ;i00,8l0 " " sacks " 29,o22 Value of salt exported, .*....* ." $ 22f),30:$ " of merchandise exported, 4,238,599 Total value of foreign and domestic exports, -S 4,401,872 The receipts by canal during- the year of navig-ation, just closed, exceed that of last year by about 5,01)0,000 lbs. merchandise. The larg-er |)ortion of this increase is in the amount of sug^ar ; which luider the law allowing- draw- back, on certain articles of merchandise shipped lor the Canada markets, is now finding- its way, in larg-e quanti- ties, throug-h that channel. The total amount of sug-ar 38 COMMERCE OP THE LAKES received this year is 8,025,419 lbs., of which 4,495,615 was for re-sliii>meiit to Canada, under the law of deben- ture. PORT OF LEVVlSTOiX, N. Y. Coiiii)aralivo statement of tlio business o\' tlie JCuslom House, Lewiston, District ot" Niagara, with foreign ports from 1H4«> to 1H4G, inclusive: Un'ORTS. Irt 10 Tm])nrts of foreign merchandise $)10,1()8 7-1 1841 •• " ^' 22,144 90 1H42 '• " " 10,775 2V 184M '• " " 13,107 2:? 1S44 '> " " 2:?,271 57 H45 '' '' " ■ 10,055 11 1S4() (( 20,227 74 i'-i m EXPORTS. 1840 Exports domestic merchandise,. " loreitin " (i 1841 Exports domestic merchandise,, 1842 " " " ,$ :u,020 83 402 80 " tore inn (( 119,212 32 5,313 00 832,119 03 14,471 02 1843 Exports domestic merchandise, 104.075 02 " » foreiiin . " 45.052 44 124,525 38 1844 Exports domestic merchandise, 37,748 69 « " Ibreign " 21,9(58 03 149,127 40 1^45 Exporiis domestic merchandise, 293,950 80 " '• foreign " 182,704 85 59,710 72 1840 Exports de neslic mercliandise, 281.118 55 " " foreign " 149,759 25 470,724 05 430,877 80 SPECIE IMPOUTEl). 1840 $ 81,740 1841 88,000 1842 134,700 1843 105,20(> 1844 196,500 1845 302,905 1846 491,230 SPE<;iE EXPOHTEl). $230,000 385,000 n ,1. AND THE ERIE CANAL. 39 American and foreign tonnage entering into and clearing from the, District of Niagara, from and to foreign ports, from 1H4() to 1846, inclusive: XTALS FROM FOREIGN TOUTS. 8 Aniericai. vessels. . .3;31 toreign 1840., i'-*41.... 1 An^'ricar., "• ... .401 foreign, .. 1H42.. . . 2 American, " ... .487 foreign, .. li->43.... .^)') American, " .")r)3 foreign, .. l'<44.... 85 American, •' ... .517 foreign, . . 1845 .... 101 American, 804 tons ,54,600 65,464 42 108,088 lU8,iaO 485 10:},:}57 103,842 18,590 80,4'i2 108,032 27,45'» 103,480 130,830 15,205 " .... 513 Ibreigii, » 123.662 138,947 1846 „ . . . 162 American, " ... .531 toreisn. 31,097 12(),425 15S,422 CLEARF.l) TO F0REV«;N TORTS. 1840 .... 8 American vessels, ... '' .... 331 foreign, 1841 .... 4 American, " 4i)7 IbnMgii, 1842 .... () American •' . , . . 4f^2 foreign, 1843 .... 125 American, " ... .542 foreign, 1844 . . . .229 American, " .... 50^ Ibreign, 1^45 .... 58 American, , " .... 508 foreign, • 1^46 .... 157 American, 864 tons 64,928 65,792 264, 108,104 108.308 931 96.617 07,548 42,260 112,912 155,1*2 14.641 103,529 118,170 7,925 126,161 134,0S6 30,995 " 516 foreign, 127,355 158,350 Tonnage of American vcsscLs entered and cleared coastwise: is 16 192 vessel,': entered, tons 70,792 " 189 *' cleared 70,365 R. H. BOUCiHTON, Colle( tok. Tlim^ arc two ilailv lines of British steam-boats rr. i- iii)ii>'(hirini»' tlir season of uavig'ation between Lewiston and Toronto, H;unilton and other Canadian })orts. This statement of the Inisine'ss ol' that port is inconijilete, only statinLT- as it does, the forrnf^n commerce, without g-iving- any account of the business , coastwise either in kind or value. ■it PHI 40 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES Hitlwrto I have coiifiued my remarks exclusively to the American commerce, done on these Lakes. I will now, for future reference, introduce a few facts in regard to British commerce on the same channels. ■ I ! , [■-i\l \ !! ii THE WELLAND CANAL connects Lakes Erie and Ontario, by running- across the Peninsula of Canada West, [late Upper Canada] — is 26 miles long, with locks 150 feet long, 26 1-2 feet wide, 8 1-2 feet deep on mitre sills. Since the year 1844, this work has passed into the* hands of the Government, and no report of ])roperty passing it, since that time, has been published. In 1844, the following statements were pub- lisi^ed : American Ports to American Ports, up. (That is, from American ports on Lake Ontario to American ports on the Upper Lakes.) 7'i tons castings of 2240 lbs. 30 bbls. 1»eet' and pork, 10(5,050 " salt, 'i'yZ tons coal c IHO lbs. 8,521 1,197 " iron " ♦* ♦' 30 " grindstones. " " merchandise of 2240 lbs., cijiial 9528 tons of 2000 lbs. Ainerican to American Ports, down. I 29t),7()5 teet boards, 279,621 VV. !. staves, 90,925 ])bls. Hour, 7S0 " whiskey, 175 tons coal, 4 '• castings, 9 " toljacco, 127 " ni(>rchandis(', American to British Ports, tip. 133,130 pipe.staves, 10,347 Ijbls. pork and beef, 2 558 " ashes, 1,029,544 bush, wheat, 10,789 «' corn, 100 tons rail road iron, 82 " grindstones. 5.805 bbls. salt. 84 tons merchandise, 50 '• coa', American to British Ports, down 39,204 feet Itoards. 22,820 barrels pork and beef. 44.839 " flour. 299,305 bushels wheat. 62,104 " corn. 18 tons castings. 38 '* grindstones. 3,090 pipe staves. :531.592 W. I. " 97 barrels ashes. 609 '« salt. 1,000 tons coal. 19 " iron. . (t 90 " merchandise. • *• AND THE ERIE CANAL. British to British Ports, up. 10,*^01 It. timbov, 680 bltls. bocf tuid pork, (iri3 " flour, 10,974 *' salt, rv2 whiskey, 72 tons rastinjTs, 3(i3 '• iron. 200,400 ft. boards. r)94 pipe staves, 91 W. I. •' '2'2 cks. ashes, 38,215 bush, wheat, 50 " corn, 10 tons coal, 2,390 " merchandise, British to British Ports, down. 3,3,54, 7< 13 feet boards, 402,307 " timber, '■;,10S l)airels beef and pork, 118,700 '• flour, 154,.527 bush, wheat, 3', corn. 470,981 pipe slaves, 211,100 \V. I. do. 1,035 casks ashes, 92 '' whiskey, 43 tons casting's, 130 " to))acco. 20 tons merchandise, British to American Ports, up. 375,500 W. T. staves, •^.'807 jtipe " 7,493,574 feet boards, 490,.525 '■ timber, 41,970 l)bls. I)eef and pork, 305,208 '' Hour, 3,412 " ashes, 213,212 " salt, 931 "' whiskey, 2,121,592 bushels wheat. 2,720,007 feel board-^. Totals 030,002 pipe staves, 1,197,190 W. I. '' 1,089 tons coal. 73,328 corn. 211 castings, 1 1,748 iron. 140 tobacco. i 151 grind stones. i 11,318 i 1 mercliandise. 41 IMFOHTS AND EXPORTS OF TORONTO, C. W. For the year aiding Jan. ^)llh 1847. I am Iritl' i .cJ to a friend in Toronto lor tlie followino- tables relating- to the business of the Port of Toronto, for the year enilino- January Hth, 1.S47, together with the vahie of some of the principal articles imported, a Hst of the steamers, propellers, virid other vessels owned on lake On- tario nad employed on the inland waters of Canada, and a re,:n»^ of mills, fbtmderies and facluries in the District, E i'l f wum m 42 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES showiiiL^ the estimated value of iiiacliiiie»y, building-.s &c., connected therewith. 23 1,888 Cows Horses, Lambn, Oxen, Pigs, Sheep Flour, bbls Oysters, lobsters and turtles, pkgs Cheese, cwts 548 1 2G Butter, " 27 14 Bacon and ham, cwts. 75 2 Meats, salted cured and fresh, cwts 209 9 Cofleo, " 1,917 4 Molasses, " 1,128 1 13 Muscavado sugar,cwts 14,071 3 7 Teas, various quali- . . ties, lbs 405,541 Rum, galls 1,528 T( bacco, lbs 299,82(i 13H'OKTS. 1 I SnufT, -' , 8 Clocks & watches. No. 2 Books and paper, pkgs. 60 Coal, tons 10 I Cotton man't'turs pkgs. 1,000 Class, " » Woolen " " Silk, «' « Drugs t!**; medicines*' Fish, — dried salted and pickled, cwts. Salt, bbls Hardware, pkgs Leather, lbs Bdots a ' shoes, [)r!i. Cider, g i Apples, busii Potatoes, " Spirits, galls Tallow, bbls Raisins, ll)s 5,880 507 l,f)68 1,143 888 885 420 120 345 390 24 9,310 2,452 95,199 3,247 3,935 2,732 114 4'4.-)2 1'515 125,000 2,153 Cigars, '• 2,990 I Wines, galls Total value orimiiorts, including other goods paying ad valorem duty, £108, ,377 Value of free goods— being furniture, household ef- fects, tools, tSbicof settlers coming into the Province — about 0,000 Importation of specie, £104,645 10 H Flour, bbls Wheat, " Pork, " Beef, '« " tcs Hams, tons Ashes, cks Butter, kgs Lard " Timothy seed bush. Oats, bush Peas, " EXPORTS. 194,^^50 Starch, b.\^ 108,110 4,133 ^0 65 9 283 600 1,080,000 1,030,000 *Whitc pine boards, ft nrictvS, .... ........ *Horn tips and scraps, tons H Woollen cloths, yds. . . 40,000 Blankets, pr- 130 2t)0 I ^Shcep pelts 10,750 283 I *Furs and i)ellries,-- 176 1 value about £2.000 3,000 I *Fiesh (ish,— value . . 1,000 about.. .0 500 Total estimated value of exports £304,000 • 1 * These to. the United States; nil others to Lower Canada porlH, AND THE EIUE CANAL. 43 • 1 ■s^ I KKVKNUE. Total revenue on importations collected during the year .... £33.5*39 M s INCKKASK. Increased export, on some of the principal articles, ov(!r the preceding year, (1815.) Flour, l)bls 41,G;{0 Wheat, hush 54,3-2i) Peas, bush 475 Starch, l)xs 341) White puic boards, leet. . . 130,000 Pork, bbls 2,070 Lard, kgs 185 Increased value of exports, jC7'i,'J()S Vidiie of some of the princijml articles imported. Hooks and paper. . . C'otl'ee ('(itton Miau't'acturos Drugs and medicines Fruit, raisins, &C. . . (Uass inaiiuractures. Hardware Leather and shoes . . Machinery Molasses Salt Silk ruanulaetnres. . Spirits i:5,208 17 4,25(5 12 H,225 10 3,700 () 4,308 2 2,584 10 0,481 18 4,882 2.503 (ill 2,187 2,004 10 1,014 15 Sugars, 8 8 10 7 3 11 3 s 1 5 8 4 8 8 21,(i87 17 11 Tallow (),582 3 Tea 40,015 10 8 Tobacco, snuir, and cigars 0,301 10 Wines Woolen tuanT'tures Included iu (he tore- going : goods im- ported from llie If. (S'., for benefit of drawback- — value, 30,102 14 From sea 4,408 4 00(5 12 0,708 13 Vessels entered the Port. Steamers and coasters employed between British ports 2,080 From ibreigu ports, with cargoes 050 ^ ,, . . " in ballast, ^"1 Total arrivals for the year 2,750 List of ISteamcr^ Propellers, and oilier vessels, owned on Lake Ontario, and employed on the inland waters of Canada. 57 Steamers, (two of iron) — value .€350,000 (5 Lake Propellers 14,000 2 Ships i 5 Urigaiitinos, V o;" 30 tons aiui upwards 150,000 01 .Schooners, J 30(» Barges 80,000 7 River Propellers 7,000 Small cral'l, under 30 tons 17,000 ToImI value ji:018,000 44 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES ^i I! Return of Mills, Fniindrirs, Factories, <^r. of Toronto, showint:; the estimated value connected tlierewith. y? grist mills — value 196 saw mills 12 oatmcnl mills. . . . 14 t'oiinclries IH woolen factories. 50 carding machines.. 1 edge-tool factory. . . 13 starch factories . . . . 'is ilistillcries 6 soap and candle fac- tories Xi(U>,0(>0 .^)r),2r)(t •20,000 25.000 3,000 •2.000 2,.500 10,82.1 4,200 1 3 2 30 1 23 , in the Home District and City of Machinery, liuHdings, dj'C, cabinet and chair flic- tory (steam). . . . 2,r)00 cabinet and piano- fbrt(! factories... 1,-100 paper mills 4,000 tanneries,. 1.1,000 snuff manufactory . . .")00 breweries 13,200 Total £3-22,775 Total export of Flour and Wheat, from the Home District, for the year r84(). FLOrn. n;,r,...i.s. I'rom Toronto 194,850 " 0.shawa 34,030 Windsor 55,460 Credit 11,450 Total 296,396 wm:.\r. „„,|,„, Krom Toronto 10s, I Ki " Oshawa I.").,")(i0 '• Windsor 24,300 " Credit 41,200 Total 190,176 Tlic total expjrt bcinir ecjual to 334,431 bbls. flour. " I have tlm.s endeavored to au-swer your firsl (|ue.stioji, if not in fnli, at least sufficiently so, to enable you to l()nn a f)retty correct idea of the extent, cuaiposition and value of tl.i i commerce." *' Question 'M.— Tlir Mmiud Value then of f ''In part answer to this (piestion, I Ui 'st'observe, that the money value from year to year, does not i'-ive any real information of its increase ; from the v;u-iation in the jjri- ces which the same khid of j)roperty hears in differcjit years. The exports may i)e much ufreater one year than another, hut from \\\v. ])rices heinii' less, the money value would not sIaow it, But if 100, (MM) l)l)ls of flour are shipj)ed one year, and 150,000 the next, the business has evidently [\ AND THE KRIE CANAL. 45 i i i increased, whether the money vakie shows it or not. In ^•ivin.jr the business in kind from the ports I have men- tioned, I have added, where I could, the money value. '•To conclude my answer to this question, I will adopt the same method I did last year. The ascertained value of the business of this City and Black Rock done on the Erie canal and which came from and went on to the lakes, is a little sliort of : - - - S 40,000,000 "To which add the immense quantities of building- materials, coal, raw materials for our manufactures, provisions of all kinds for the supply of this city and local markets, nearly the whole of which come from the lakes, and (he lart*-e business done on die rail-roads and (►tlK^r sources to and from the lakes may, wiUi great saAHy, I )e placed at ' .^'^^^l Making, a total of $5(1,0(10,000 as the amount of commerce of this port alone; to which must be added the amount done througHi all the other ports on the lakes, and the large amount of intermediate com- merce between the different ports, all of whicli I consider equal in amount to that done through Buffalo, the whole formhig- an agg-reg-ate of $100,000,000 as the money value of the commerce of the upper lakes in 1846, against $6(1.000,000 in 1845; and this without taking into account the large sums of money carried over the lakes either year. A great increase has also taken ])lace on lake Ontario this year. In 1815 it was estimated al $ 15,(100,000 ; for '46, it may wiU» saiety be put at $18,000,000." "Question ;>d.— T//y' Idnihf Craft used, Skaiii Bouts, Propellers, Suillni,' Craft, and tonnage ?" li 46 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES "In the year 1845, there were the fbllowinc- hiiiiiIxt ami description of vessels owned and running- on tlie Lakes above Niai*-ara Falls, as near as could be ascertained by die most careful inquiry : TdMX. 52 Steam Boats, 20,500 H Propellers, 2,500 50 Brigs, 11,000 270 Schooners, 42,000 380 70,000 " The new tornia'^'-e added in 1810, and whi(;h has all been employed, consisted of the lullowinj^- descrijjtion of vessels : Nami'ff. Clans. A. D. Patchin, Stcairior. Louisiana, . . . ., " Hendrik Hudoon, " Albany, Saratoga, Detroit, Islander, Nile, Algoniah, Mishawaka, a n a 10 St. Joseph, Propeller. Pocahontas, " California, " Oneida, Cleveland, " Lady of the Lake, .... Delaware, tilobc, (ioliah, Odd Fellow, 10 Utica, Bark or Brig. C. L. Hutchinson, " Ellen Parker, Patrick Henry, L. A. Blossom, Fashion, John Hancock, (ireen Mountain lioy, . . David Smart, , It a WliPii' l.uilt. Tons. Truago, .Mich "^74 IJutlaio, 778 Charleston, 751 Detroit, 700 Cleveland, ()()2 New|)ort, Mich., ;550 Kelly's Island, ()., HO Miles, Mich., ^^0 Detroit 71 " :M Bnlihlo, 400 127 " 420 Cleveland, :}4G »' :M2 " ;}50 ('harleston, () iVMi Maiiuiee, 3 13 l»almer, Mich 280 (irand Kivcr, Mich 200 4,380 1,414 Milwaukee 334 341 Chicago, 332 Eucli(M) 317 (yOiiiK^uut, () 25S Clevchiid 282 200 " 200 Lexington, () 20.3 2,587 AND THE ERIE CANAL. 47 ^7 N.iiK'!!. Cl»t. Outward Bound, {Schooner. (Jeo. Davi«< Philenu Mills, Denmark, Lewis Cass Col. IVmiIom Lullior Wright, Vincennos G. T. Williams, C. T. Kichnioiid, W^atts Sherman, Pmitan tS(\'i Gull, S. L. Noble ■ N. C. W^allvor, E. Porter, Ellen, Harwich Ireland W'estchester, Wolcott Alvin Clark New Hampshire, Forester R G. Allen, Mary A. Lowiid n u <; (( i( «( a u (( (, (( u (. a u «( u 'uita. M. A. Myers,, Saranac, .... ^feteor, , John Armstrong,, (Jallinipper, . , St. Clair,.... Clemantinc! . . Sweet Homo, u u (. a a u .( u (( no Bazma, Sloop. BuHalo, Morning Star, Sun, China, a u Rialto, Seow. Fiiherator, " Total No. oi' vessels, . . , ■ 2 Wliire built. I'onj. Cleveland, 260 Milan, 2;iM Geneva, 228 Cleveland 237 Charleston, 191 Kacinc, Wis 190 Huron, 195 Charleston, 186 Irving, N. Y 167 Cleveland, 229 Butlalo, 199 Milan, 223 125 1- airport, 104 Chicago, 127 Milwaukee, 70 Cleveland, 61 " 75 " 230 Charleston, 208 Maumee, 40 Truago 220 Kalamazoo, 80 Detroit, 108 " 26 " 79 Butlalo 55 u 16 Detroit 39 4k 32 « . . . • 26 145 (( 35 it 19 (( 34 n 44 4,537 Conneaut 10 Detroit, 36 » 38 35 , 61 (( (( Cleveland, 100 " 45 180 145 Total amount tonnage,. . 91,243 Deduct the estimated tonnage lost during the season, in which is included .M Steam Boats, 3,500 Leaving on these [,akes for the business of 1847, tons. . . . 87,743 48 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES m- )j f "Some lumdri'ds of tons have likewise been added by rel)uildin,u' and enlar^ifing' old vessels. Several new and larg*!^ steamboats have been built, but as they were not finished in time to do business in 1846, they properly beloni,*- to the new tonnay-e of 1 847 ; I therelbre exclude them. A v(^ry laro-e number of vessels of all descriptions, are now under construction, which will be out and in com- mission in 1847, sufficient to swell the amount to a <*'oo(l deal over 100,()()() tons; being- an increase of more than 3.S 1-M jier cent, in two years." " Question 4th.— C0.9/ of the smne ? " "The ca|)ital invested in the various description of ves- sels on the uj)i)er lakes, is not far fiom $6,()()0,0()(). About $1,()()0,00() has been expended durin^' the last year in the construction of new, and the rej)airino', fittiniif up and en- laro-ing- old ones." " Question r)th. — Number of mariiwrs eni^agcd in nnvi- gatinij^ the cmft ? " " The various description of vessels eng'ag'ed in this commerce, employ, as seamen and others, about six thou- sand persons to navii^rate them." "Question Oth. — Prohablr annual expense (f sustainini^ mariners and craft ? "' " I have submitted this question for an answer to some of our most extensive shijjping' merchants, and they have furnished me with the fig-ures of their calculation, liy which it appears, that the amoimt ]iaid out, for wag-es, wood, coal, provisions, current repairs, and other expen- ses, (exclusive of insurance and interest on the capital) is about $1,750,000 ; which will, of course, increase as our Lake Marine enlarg-es." AND THE ERIK CANAL. 19 " Qiiostioii Till. — Nionhcr of passcn^crfi llrst o, down to the close of 18U), with the exception of 'o(», o7, nnd oS, an annual Association has been fbnvied nniony-st all the steamboats on the liakes, and their accounts settled at on(^ office. With this Association, I have been coniiected, in the cajiacity of Secretary and General Ag-ent, for the whole tiini^ it has existed, except the years ISo') and ISoO. "As such ag-ent, I had tlie chariie i)^ all the way-bills oi' tiie diffi-rent boats, containing- the names of passengers up and down th(> lakes, hi I ^'-.'>). I was very careful hi keepinij;' an account of the number each way. Au'ain in 181-"), this was done by a sfentleman of i»Teat correctness, in the em- ploy of the Association. He reported the number and desi<>'nat(Ml ttie places where they landed U'oiuLi up; and a computation of the passeng-ers fi-om the West was niad(^ ; also, an estimate ol" the num})er of those who took other conveyances than steamboats — anil he made th(^ total number y)assing' in all directions throug'h th(^se Up|)er liakes to be near 20tl,()0(). " This season, that is, tor 18 16, the numlxn- has increased twenty-five f)er cent, estinuUing- fi-om the receipts oC the hoats, and compared widi I84r\ whicli will g'ive a total of 2,H),0()0. A g-reater number thim usu.il of the np pas- seng-ers have been emig-rants. No account has ever been made of the number of passeng-ers for any odier years, than those I have stated." "Question M\.— Probable rate of increase of this Com- merce, and ami views ichic/t in your judgement would serrc to i/lusirate these several points, and also in reference to the trade of the Western Rivers ?" F m COMMERCE OF THE LAKES "A ^Toater increase in the number and fonnai»-e of ili(> various description of vessels used, is now under eonstruo tion around tiiese lak(!s, tiiis winter, dian has ever taken place in iuiy one year hefbre. Lariife quantities of t»rain of last year's erop, remain on hand to y-o to nwnket next sprinir; and the hig-h prices which all kinds of ai-ricuiturid products bare, will carry every thiny- of that kind forward; and will furnish the means to larq-ely inereast! the retinn Commerce. '"The quantity of hmd under eidtivalion i>^ much <>Teat- er than formerly, and so far as I can gel inlbrmation, the erops in the g-round, look ami promise well. Should we have a favorable season we may safely belli; v(3 a much g-reater cultivation of sumHoer crops will be liiadethan has heretofore been done. Corn has become an established article of food and commerce with the Old World, and the price it will bring in market, will furnish strong- induce- ments to extend its culture, large as it is, in the Wt\»o.s('d to all the dang-ers of their navigation, that a settled and deep conviction has taken possession of the public mind, sometliinL'' must be done for its protection. The remedy is l)eyond the j)ower of individual effort, and not within the prescribed duties and rights of the several States through wliicli these Lakes and Rivers run. The necessity and the duty, thei-efore, I'alls u|)on the General Go- vernment to step Ibrward (md do what no one else can do, (uid thus confer honor on itself, in consulting- die best inter- 'stsof the ))resent many, and die coming- millions, who will time inhabit these portions of our common country. " Having- thus answered your several questions, I will, as invited, make some general remarks appertaining- to the business. "Almost every othei- port around these Lakes, as well as Buffalo, (vlev(;land and Sandusky, are visited by foreign vessels ; but from them only, have I seen any report ])ub- lished, of the numljer which has entered and cleared. These (breign vessels tlo not visit our ports merely Ibr die pur])ose of introducing imports for sale, but to purchase and carry ott' our own products. "A very extensive business is done at the ports of Black River, Grand River, Ashtabula, Conneaut, Barcelona, Silver Creek and Cattai-augus, on Lake Erie, in die aggregate to several millions of dollars; but I am not iu possession of ■ "III 52 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES !-l::l li P i details cnoujrh of their business to s;->ecify the amount ami of what it is composed. The same blank exists with me, with reofard to the details of the comiiierce of all the ports on Lake Michio-an, excej)t the fragments of their business I have stated." It is ijreatly to be desired, and I hope it may be done at the close of the business ii^. 18J7, that every port around these lakes, will make up detailed statements of their ex- poits and im])orts, with the value of each, disting-uishing- between Foreign aiifl American, the number of arrivals and d(^partures, foreign and coastwise; the names and number of tons of each steamboat, propeller, and sail ves- sel, marking the new ones that come out and do business in 1847, and the numoer of men required to navigate them, stating the collection district withi)i which the port is situated; with the losses in number of vessels and tons, amount of dan:age and loss of cargo, and including ihe number of lives lost, if any, and all othei- particulars of the commerce of that jKn-t. Could this be done for only one year, and some person would undertake the labor of col- lerting and arranging these ditrerent reports in the aggre- gate, it would pn;senl the mosi correct a>id gratifving view of the lake comujei'ce ever ol)tained. This is the only way 1 can think of, that justice can be done to each ])ort, or to iho i^enei-al commerce of all, or its nicTgnitude and impcjrtance at all realised, save by those only who are engaged in it, or reside in the neighborhood of the lakes. '•The whole season of )iavigation has been unusually favorable to ojx'i-ations on tin; lakes, and fewer disasters in loss of livi^s ;nid vessels, and damage of ))roperty have occurred this year than tlu^ last. What losses did occur, ? AND THE ERIE CANAL. 53 g-enerally took place late in the scayou. The amount of tonnag-e lost is not far irom three thousand five hundred tons ; amongst other vessels lost, were three Steam Boats, No very full and accurate accounts of losses in lives and property have been collected, luU from such as I have, the losses in vessels and cariifoes will be about $'200,000, and the number of lives, thirty-five," "As the tonnagr on thc^ Lakes increases, more and more inconvenience is felt and expressed about the want of harbors of some kind to shelter it in. The water in all the Lakes, in 1846, had reached a very low stag-e, owing-, probably, in some measure, to a succession of two or three very dry and hot summers, causing' g-i-eat evaporation, and but little rain falling' durino- the same time, there was no new suji])ly to n^plenish tlx^n. The water in Lake Erie, during- the spring- and fall months, particularly the fall, was • , , , uncommoiily low; to that (le flats. They obtained the use of the g'overnment steam dredg-e at Ei-ie, towed it to the flats, and employed a suj)erinten(lent and foj-ty men for about two months, when, finding but little di;;position g-enerally 54 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES ■*■ }.-■■,< ill ^4 to contribute any thing* to\vard.s the expense, and it be- comino- very onerous to a few, after spending several tliou- sand dollars, they did, as the government has done in all its works on these Lakes, abandon their undertaking, in- curring the loss of the money ex))ended, without any bene- fit, because unable to com])lcte it. A few thousand dollars more would have made this channel very available, and saved many thousands of dollars annually paid for light- erage to cross it. The money a))})roj)riated in the River and Harbor Bill ($40,000) at the last session of Coiflgress,would have been much more than saved to the Western people, during 1846, in the cheapening of the freight on theii' pro- perty, which must ])ass here, be the expense what it may. " The water in these Lakes is the highest in July and August, having received the benefit of the si)ring rains and melting of the snows in the boundless regions of the Nortli- West. During these months the freightijig and pressure of business is the lightest, and vetjsels experience less difficulty on these flats and the want of liarbor improve- ments. The spring and fall months are the times when the business is rushing' — when more vessels, more pro- perty, and more lives, are exposed to the mercy of the elements. "Caj)t. Miles, who had chari>'e of the Steam Dredge on these flats, i-eports that in July last, tlic Iblluwing vessels passed them : • Steamboats 1 H ropellcrs, 537 rifis f)}) Schooners, 128 Coasters, Total, __81 'Mi'} of which 31 grounded and light(?red in crossing. From the I8di to the ;)Oth June, he says he did not keej) a r(!gister. I "T ^ AND THE ERIE CANAL. 55 but a ereater number of bricfs and schooners passed, and a greater numl)er in jiroportion g-rounded, and were lig-hteerd and towed over tlie flats than in the month ol' July. "The foregoing" list of vessels passing these flats in one month, will q-ive a pretty fair idea of the present commerce west of Detroit ; and which is largely increasing every year. " To give some faint conception how rapidly the great West is being setded and improved, and the vast business to pass ovei- diese lakes in a few sliort years, to and from this quarter, I will ))resent the change which has taken place in Wisconsin : In 1B;30 the poptiliition was ;}.'24.) 1636 •• " lb [w(40 a " 4(),67^^ IS i(i in .Tuly ; • • • l-^^V-i'-i? and the hiflux of emii^rants the past year has been greater than any previous season. I^|) to b^40 they imported their supplies of every kind, including jirovisions. In 1846, they not only fed diemselvfs, biu suj)plied the army "f new emio-rants; and of their siirplns remaining, diey exported throngh the lakes between thr(;e and l()ur nuni-uis of dol- lars in value, mainly in agiiculte.ral products. Of tlie lead and shot made in th(^ same State, during the last year, and which ])rincipally souuht a market via. the Mississippi liiver, 1 cannot state, hut it is known to be \(My large in quantity and value "There was sold in the Milwaukie Land District, from January to December iSlC), :5.:r-i;>2() acres of land, lor which there was re(M"ived .S117,S1M'); by which it appears that tiiis land distriel alone, paid iulo die treasury of the United Suites near half a juillion of dollars. Could only a If ! 56 COMMERCE OF THE LAKES si I' I Jii I i p I small portion of this money been allowed to be expended in making- that harbor accessible to vessels in stormy wea- ther, I shonld not liave to record the loss of the Steamboat Boston, (costing- over $60,000 in the spring-, when she came out) filled with emigrants and others with their effects, g-oing- to take possession of their newly pin-chased land, being driven on the shore of the lak^ md wrecked, near the mouth of a harbor which should have sheltered her, but into which she could not enter. "There are other sionificant chnnoes ixo'inii; forward in the West of no little importance — they are rapidly conver- ting Territories into States, imj)ortant ingredients with poli- ticians, hi President making. As States increase iji that quarter, vetoes, injui'iously afieeting tlieir most vital inte- rests, will become nuich less necessary. "Such is a bri^^f sketcii of tlie Lake Commerce ihr the year 1846. A conunerce as much national and foreign in its character as that whicli floats on the Atlantic, and grea- ter in amount in value tlian the whole export commerce oC the country, from all its sea))orts. Scarcely a pound of this conmierce but moves (or hundrcMls of miles in sight of a fbrei^'n countrv, and one vrith which it has i^-reat and constantly increasing- transactions. A commence which the Government has surrounded with its Custom Houses, thrown the strong- (u-m of its courts of admiralty over it, and visits U])on it the same penalties lor its infractions of the revenue laws, that is m< ted (»nt to the Ocean com- merce. But it is tr(>ated by many as not entitl(Ml of right to a just proportion of pu!)lic expenditures for its protec- tion and safety, because Cod, in His wisdom, did not cause salt w^ater instejul of fresh to fill these gieat T^akes, and create a tide that would ebb and How unon them." AND THE ERIE CANAL. 57 " It has .struf^-o-led, during- its wliole existence, with the greatest of difflcuUies and exposure to the elements, with- out suitable harbors to sheUer it in; but it lias been con- ducted by a race of men of untiring- enterprise and indus- try, and they have brought it to its jiresent conmianding- position. Its imj)ortance to oiu* common country, in every point of view, is daily more and more ])eing realised and acknowledg-ed, its friends are increasing- and clustering around it in ureal numbers and decision of purj)ose; and they have only to i)er.^evere, being well assured that this g-reat national source of |)rosperity, involving the best interests of so many States, will, ere long, succeed in having its just share of jr.iblic expenditures for its protec- tion and safety." G ri THE TRUE ClIAL POLICY OK THK '■■ s 1 r 111 1 ''' STATE OF NEW-YORK Connected with the future o^rowth and prooress fyf tlie Lake Commerce is, the necessity of some channel oi" snfH- cient capacity to pass the annually increasini^ productions of the West to the sea])oard, and to supply their return wants. The Erie Canal, in its j)resent limited condition, is unable to do it, and the pressure that will be made u]ion it, will cause the price of transportation to be kept at such a hig-h rate, as g-reatly to diminish in value, not only the property of the Western people, l)ut that of our own citi- zens, to g-et their prodiicts to market. The producers of New- York must not expect they can have their property transi)orted any cheaper than what the Westeri: people are ol)lig-ed to pay, and the quantity to be carried will so certainly increase as to always keep the price of transportation at a high rate, and j)revent the car- riag-e to market of a vast (piantity of property of cheap value, that would otherwise go there. Only the most vfju- able productions of the country will be able to sustain themselves under the high price of trans))ortation, and 1 .: I ,. ■■■'% THE TRUE CANAL POLICY. 59 there will he always enoug-h of them to employ all the ton- nag-e the canal can accommodate. Staves, coarse lumher, (Mial, and a variety of cheap articles, which can only be moved on canals, and wliich would furnish a vast amount of employment for labor, and give fair returns to the own- ers, if the canal was sufficiently large to enable larger sized and a greatei* number of boats to. move on it, will be entirely excluded. The o-rowth of the West cannot be impeded or checked, it has become too strong and forehanded (or that : it will go on, and if the State of New-York is not desirous of do- ino" their business and receiving- the revenue it will afford, other channels will be sought out, and other States will be glad to get what we reject. Western products will seek a market on the seaboard, and come into competition with our own. We can charge their property so high as to prevent its passage through our channels ; but we nnist suffer the consequent loss of revenue and business which their trade would give us; and which would be an impor- tant offset for the diminution in the price we should have to submit to, when our property met theirs in the seaboard market. Our Cities and Towns would grow but slowly, our do- mestic markets would be curtailed, our farmers, instead of selling at home for good prices their surplus, relieved from the cliarges of distant transportation and other expenses, would have their products subjected to all these incum- brances and be under the necessity of selling in markets overstocked from other States. Only two or three years ago nuich anxiety w^as felt about the draft the Welland Canal was making on the bu- siness and revenue of the State, and much fear expressed 60 THE TRUE CANAL POLICY \>\ t I .f^ that the then existing- hi|G:h rate of toll would force the g-reater portion of the l)usiness via, Osweofo throug-Ji the Welland Canal to and from the Western States. The Ca- nal Board most wisely reduced the rates of toll, and such immediate and beneficial effects liave resulted from this sensible and judicious course, that the increase of business it has drawn towards these two routes is so g"reat, as to overstock both, and has added largely to the revenues of the State. No complaint is heard about the want of busi- ness on either route ; but both say, increase the caj)acity of the Canal sufficient to keep up with the business seek- higtobe done upon it. New channels of communication are opening- every year throug-hout the Western States, all leading- in this direction; and a new source of business, the Canada trade, is fully open to us by tiie late laws of Congress; which will give a large increase of business to the Erie Canal. In proof of this, there was of one single article, tliat of sugar, no less than 2,500 tons transported on the Erie Canal, and export€'d into Canada, via. Oswego, in I84<», with large quantities of other articles, Ijoth ways. 'Vha advantage to the Cajiadians of tins route has been fully illusti'ated the past season; and ])rej)arations are now making there, (or using this channel extensively the coming season, in pas- sing off their })roductions, and receiving in return the great- er portion of their su})plies They deem it important to have the choice of channels — ))articularly as the navigation of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, lor over six months, is ob- structed by ice, and during two or diree other months more it is (|uite hazardous. So long as cheap freight and aiisu- ran(te rates aje kept upon lln' Kiic Canal, this route, via. Oswego, Buli'alo, and other American ports, will be tht; & I OK THE STATE OF NEW-YOUK. 61 i preferred one. If" our Canal was enlar«>e(l, almost the entire trade of Upper Canada would seek that channel under tht; drawback law. The following* resolutions have been recently passed at a meeting* of Merchants, held in the CiLyof Toronto, Upper Canada, expressive of their feeling's and intentions on this sidjject : Resnloed; 1. That the system oi" forwarding merchandise, prao tisod in (Janada, and the character of our passage boats, are ill ada[)ted to the wants of the Provii."e, and have entailed serious loss and inconvenience on the merf^antile interests of the country. That this meeting is deeply impressed with the necessity ot a speedy and entire reform of th(; system, and resolves to take iminediatc steps for the organization of a .loint Stock (Jompany, the object of which shall be to place on the (Janadimi waters a line of Steamers and Propellers, ade(iuate to transacting the business of the country, in the best manner, and at the lowest ))0ssible rates. '2. That the urgent necessity of having a line of Stcamcn's or Foreign Propellers established between Toronto and Oswego, at an early day, is deeply felt by this meeting, and it is of opinion that the iirst exertion of the new Company should be devoted to this bran(di of the trade. .*}. That a Stock Book be now opened, and that a Managing Committee be apfiointcd to bring the movement before the public, and procure subscriptions to the capital stock ol" the (Jompany; and that so soon as the sum of -CjOOO or over has been subscribed, the committee shall call a meeting of the stockholders, to determine the future course of the Association, and% elect Directors. Durinii' the season of 1 S47, the Illinois Canal will be completed, (^onnectinii- the Lakes with the Mississipj)i Ri- ver, and exteiidinir the iwon of trade immensely. At !)< - troit, the Central Railroad of Michigan, running- thi'oug-h a populous and well-cultivated |)or(ion of the State, termi- nates. The Fontiac Railroad, running- into another impor- tant part of th(^ State, likewise cuds at Detroit. At Mon- roe, the Southern Railroad of Michiifan ends. Tliis Road pa8S(\s throtigh the Soutliern tier of Counties in that State, already large exporters of produ(;e. At Toledo, two Ca- 62 THE TRUE CANAI, POLICY it hv m 't V r 1 nals and one Railroad come in. One, tiie Wabash Canal, upon which much business was done in 1846, will this year ])e much improved, and be made capable of dointif a •ifreat deal more. This Canal passes through the heart of the g-reatest corn j^rowini*- and pork makini»- portion of the Western country, from whence an immense amount of trade will seek the Erie Canal, as the prelerred channel for a market. The other, the Miami Extension, branches from the Wabash Canal to Cincinnati, and passes tln*oug-h one of the richest portions of the State of Ohio. The Erie and Kalamazoo Railroad runs into the interior, in much the same direction as the Southern Railroad of Miclii^'-an. At the City of Sandusky, two Railroa(ls meet the Lake ; one, running- to Cincinnati, completed the entire distance with the exception of a few miles — the other, to Mansfield, in Richland County, throug-h some of the g-reatest wheat- g-rowing" Counties of the State. At Cleveland, the Ohio Canal connects the Lake and the Ohio River together ; this Canal, after running- into the State some distance, has short cuts and other Canals, radiating- from it into other parts of the State. The Erie Extension Canal, from Erie to the Ohio River, was opened ihv Inisiness in 1845, and furnished a larg-e amount of trade for our Canal, which will be an- nually increasing-. The extensive iron and coal beds, throug-h which this Canal passes, oi- near to, and the very extensive and valuable timber in that part of Pennsylvania, for making- staves and for other purposes, will add greiUly to the business to be done upon it. There are now more than one dozen furnaces (and more erecting) for making- pig- iron and casting-s, along- the lino of the Canal, that de- sire to use the Erie Canal route, and through om- State, to find a market. And the whole trade of Upper Canada be- / y I OF THF. RTATR OP NF.W-YORK. (i:{ / y \\\ir now open to us, is <'(Hially desirous use this same route, as beiiijjf the cheapest, safest, and most expeditious one to do their business upon. Such is a brief sketcii of tlie abourd. Is not this trade worth secur- ing-, not only lor the revenues it would put into the State Treasury, but lor the innuense additional business it would furjiish to our citizens, in the various occupations in which they are emraged 1 This Western trade is a i*reat jirize. in the estimation of other States and Foieii^fn countries, and is deemed by them worth veiy large expenditures to obtain it, or only a por- tion of it. On one side, the British Government are ex- pendini,'- very large sums in improving their channels of communication, to invite this trade through them by every convenience that great outlays of money can give ; on the other, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, Carolina and Louisiana, are not idle competitors. At this very time, a convention is in session in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, the business of which is to construct a railroad, coimecting the city of Philadelphia with the Lakes. This work, if done, will recjuire an outlay of many millions of dollars, but will never be an Erie ciinuL 04 THE TRUE CANAr. POMCY E*<. Ill Shall no corrospoiKliiiiif cHort, at a much less outlay in uionry and lime, he made hy tli<^ State of New- York, not to uet, for that she ah'eady has; hut to jnrscrvc, incrrasr, (ind ever retain this rapidly aecumulatini>- trade? This is an important matter to this State, in its varied Ag-ricultural, Mechanical, Mercantile and Commercial relations, {uid to no portion of it, is it of L^'reater consccpience than to the city of New- York. From the v swelled to the farther and enormous amount of more than 186,000,000; thus clearly showing- the immense influence of the Eric Canal on the pros|)erity of Uiat city, and the conseijuent incn^ase of the value of prop(M*ty. These are some of the effects produced on that city hy the construction of the Erie Canal, bring-ing- to her market the ri( h and constantly accumulating- trade of the West. If su(^h have been the benefits to that city by the Erie Ca- nal, while in its minority, what may she not expect from it now diat it has reached its majority, (being- twenty-one years last fall sinci; it was finished and navig-ated its whole leug'-th,) if it is permitted to have a suitable capital ; that is, ENLAIICIKD IN SIZE AND TOLLS REDUCED ! This im})ortant source of her g-reatness and wealth, was conceived, and executed against her wishes, and met with her opposition in all its progress of construction; and al- though faithfully and successfully has it served her since it was Ijuilt, it has never succeeded in creating any very warm feeling in its behalf. Her jjolitical and business men hav(^ matters of more importance, they think, to attend to; her H f 66 THE TRUE CANAT, POIJCY f i, ! ,1 ' ■ ' i i-' 1 I tef delegation in the Lorrii^lat'are, save once aiifl a while an exception, never .speak of this work or do any thin^' to promote its usefulness, hecause, as one of (he ni.ember.s from that (nty, a few years ago said, in refusing- to serve Jis one of the Citnal Connnittee, " that liis constituents had no interest in it."" Her papers are irenerally silent, if not openly o]")posL'd to, and can fsnil no tiine to eiiligiiicn tlu^ public iuind on diis iin})ortant sulject. ur dij-eet attention to It. The city of New- York is a sti-i iq- advocate of the doc- trine of low tarifTs and i'wv. trade (I don't say whether right or wrong, I merely state tlie fact) with all liie WT)rld, bar])arian as well as christian, buthersyni))ailiies andcfTorts are only so, for the fbrein-n trade. Low tai-ilTsof tolls and cheapened transjiortntion on tlie Erie Canal and the inter- nal trade of the country has never i)een worthy her atten- tion — her own suflering poor (amidst all lier wealth sIk^ has enouo-h of them) ]nay clamor ibr employmnit and chea]-) Ijn^ad, it appeals to deaf ears, she has no time to act, think upc/h, or talk al)oiU die i'lternal trade ; it is a too hum-drnm affair; die enlai'irement of the Erie Canal, re- duction of tolls an. 1 cheap"M('d transport, tliat her jiooi- may derive em]<'oyment ai;d clieap l)re;ul, is of no impoi'- t.ance wh.atcvoi-; but it is of the iiighest. tliat their eyes shouki least upon the sio-ht ;)(' littl(> wooden mice and other toys of I'^urojK^, introduced into flie country, ujider a low tai-iir. Ifthe va.--t volume (iftr-id" f'li-nislied by (lie Erie Canal to the eity of New- York, is too small to deserve notice, J shouki like to iiKpiire where the gi-eat(M- is t(»l)e foiuid ? i 1 k OK TllK STATIi OF NEW-YORK. ()7 Tlio (bllo'vviui;" remarks and tables taken froiu the Albany Ai-i^'us, rel'ei- lo that portion of the Canal commerce oidij, which reaclu^s tide water: " Tin; CoMMiuui: ; seen that there is an increase m the loimage ot 17-J,57t> tons, and of 'r^l l,8-^(5,l<)-3 in the value of the property transported, and the excess both in t(jnnageand value oxer previous years i« still greater. "The value of the entire movement ot property Irom and to the Hudson, is greater by 5!4,4*J(),;]r);i than the (jxpurts of the United States f»r the liscal' year ending July, iHil, and greater by 87,207 Sir) than the value of the good;- im[ioried into the United States for the same time. '•These facts speak volumes in favor of the importanee ut this commerci', in't oidy to this State, but in a national point of view, as vvordiy the atientimi of the trtjueral C.overnment. STvri;:.ir.NT (if nli tiic [-(ropiTty which c'uue to lac !!ud.so!i irivcr, on all^ thi^ Caaais. ir. l'-"<15 and IBifi, with the (juantity and estiiiiated value of each article iu Al'iaiiy and Ti^y. THE F01?EST. Ul ANTITV. l8l.->. IHIO. Fars and iulm-, :!.. '»'^'40 SlO.l^O Hoards aud -nu.tUi,-. tl-.t :2:57 !)-l,<5iio :ilU.,-:U.-a Shiivd.v, M '^-^^-^^ ^'^>'«-^7 Tiud:er, t;.-. ^'^nnOS 1,798,198 S.,ivn., Ilj. i:i=-»-7r. l,^iH) I0(5,irri,500 Wuod,'cord.: I'v^'*^ \}:f'\ A.hcs,bh!. ••••• t^'^^-'J'^^ ^i^-^l" V.VLM'. Furs and uehrv ^ ^'M-^^ 1.021,:^e5 Uoardsatils^.dii,' 4..).14,72U -l, t--2dm CM • .1 . .... -jiu-MMn -MJ-rnrt ^^:; :;::;::;:: iwu irA^m^ i^tu 's . . (i-.l8.>^98 .'■)l :^,4r5-i Wood • ^^Ij^.^ l,:39;},;3fio 1,070,904 K ''^ '^' H[ ' S ' u ' ! ' ' S 'i ; ' i h i: m-t 68 THE TRUE CANAL POLICY AGRICULTURE, ftUANTITT. Poik, bbKs 45,L5.3 Bed; " 67,699 Bacon, lbs 1,631,700 Cheese, " 27,54-2,861 Butter, " 21,825,455 Lard, " 3,064,800 Wool, " 9,504,039 Hides 293,009 Flour, bbls 2,517,250 Wheat, bush 1,620,033 Rye, " 157,438 Cora, " : . . 35,803 Barley, " 1,137,917 Other grain, bush 1,294,609 Bran and ship slutls, bush 1,067,6()5 Peas and beans, bush 66,175 Potatoes, bush 145,r)()9 Dried fruit, lbs 360,9()6 Cotton, lbs • 66,800 Tobacco," 670,900 Clover and grass seed, lbs 3,161,200 Flax seed, lbs 8,303,960 Hops, lbs 874,200 VALUE. Pork $ 571,637 Beef. 507,743 Bacon llH,299 Cheese 1,921,000 Butter 3,055, 5()4 Lard 245,184 Wool 2,946 ,252 Hides 36,627 Flour 14,021,()S1 Wheat 1.941,869 Rye 111,002 Corn 21,479 Barley 671,371 Other grain 491,951 Bran and ship stutis 1()0,150 I'eas and beans 70,145 Potato.'s 5H,076 Dried fruit 32,477 Cotton 5,177 Tobacco H0,508 ('lover and grass seed 221,284 Flax seed, 1()6,079 Hops 157,356 80,092 45,(jtl0 4,000,500 35,569,118 21,177,657 ()suin, 27,65(> Mineral, coal, ". 119.496 Sundries, 3,329,490 ACUiRECATES. J8ir>. Forest, tons <;07,930 Agricailture, " * 447,627 Manulacfures," 49,812 Merchandise, " --253 Other articles " 99,321 Tota 1, tons 1,204,94"3 1,426,549 .5,160,654 2,226,114 489,800 10,574,640 10,892,243 \219,09l 1,425,340 2,324,774 692,442 3,594,322 313,800 92s,yirt 223,()11 19,592 182,574 .2t)5.222 48,830 1,923,390 719,787 180,035 276.872 41,200,033 12,084,100 18,8^0,600 90,811,614 63,170 26,933 47.116 3,633,257 !# 7,759,596 27, () 12,291 6,432,259 88,497 2,559,658 ~!|^45,45^2,32r T J! i ri 70 THE TllUE CANAL POLICY. 184G. Forcsl, tons (iO:5,01() !$ !^3,r)88,':!!)l Agriciikiire, " 628,4.")! ;};5,()()2,sl8 Miiiiul'iicturos,'- 4(5,070 4,S()."3,7UO Mercliaiulise, '• 1,7!)7 27(5,872 Other articles, '' 82,i)82 3,770,47(3 Tolal, tons 1^302,310 -Iji.') 1,105,256 StaltMnrnt of the tonnage and value of all tho propcrfy which wont from (he Hudson liivcr. <' liio ycai's 1845 and 181(5, and the :ij;'gregate value ol' the jMoperly tniaspoi'teil. IHir?, IHKi. Tonna^^e, tmi- 1,428,050 1.001,5:^5 Value, '. !i?ht0,000,310 8115,732,780 Fi'om these ta])l(;^s it aj)])e;u'.-<, tiuit the iiui-chandiso sjhipped froui tide water oa tlu' Caiiai is, for 18 15, 2;i4,- Olo tons, and for 18 16, 2-)0,2\ij tons, sliowinu;- an increase in '10 of 15,2();5 tons. Of the 2o'.),2LG tons cleared, 58,074 was landed at EufTalo, paying ti;ll the whole length of the canal and at Oswego 21,1'.)3, together 79,207 tons, or one- third of the whole. — Of the l."'',20-) tons increase, 0,770 passed Buffalo to the Western States, how nuich increase has passed Oswego, I cannot t^ll, as I have not the Canal Office re})orts of that place iji sufficient deUnl, l)ut of the whole receipts there in * 16, of iljUKJ tons, they exported to the Western States 7,817 tons, to Canada, 5,093 tons, and the halance was ior thijt placi^ and other American towns around Lake Ontario. I give these details to show wh(:Te the incn rising ascending trade on uur Canals is going to. Of the increase of 172,07'^ tons of descending tonna'.re, the sources from vv'liicii it coiiu's is too ol)vioiis to need any remarks. OP THE STATE OP NEW-YORK. 71 The Wall Street rejiorter of January, '17, has j3iiblishcd a condensed statement of the Ibreign trade of the country, as follows : " The following is an aggregate statement of tlic value of the ex- ports, of the growth, ]iro(liico, and manufacture of the T'nited States, for the year enchng ^50th June. 1810. Thm'e is a slight increase in the aggregate amount, as compared w'th last year, l)ut the amounts of the diilerent articles exported, in many instances ditler very wide- ly in the two years. Of the total amount, $78,684,410 was export- ed in American vessels, and •'$:3o.507,483 in foreign vessels: The Sk.v ...,, • • • • 8",ir)0,;{|)v^ The Fcuk.st — .Skin.^- and t'ur.^ iinil giiisony I,;j00,r)71 Product of wood, o, 500, 077 AGKicuLxruK — riMiluct of auunul,:; 7,*^;5:^,w04 VoLn^ablo lood, l!t,;V,i!),r,8(5 Tobiux-o 8,578.">Tl) Cotton, 42,767,341 All <;tli"r aij,iiciulura! [iriHlticls •214,4.").") MANurAcrrKES— '^ 4,92 1 ,99;") ( )t' cotton ;3,r)ir),4^l Oihor fil.rics, MOl .S78 T.rAn 614,.")18 \V ovu , 2'):^,U9r) AuTicLKs .NOT Eni mk.kat;:!) — .vIiiiui'iK'turod 1,:379 50(1 Udicr 1,49(K:}0:5 -Sio-iTuTsos A comjiarison of the taljies of the Arofus and Reporter, shows that while the Ibreign expoil tradi^ of the country is increasing- very gradually, the internal trade through the Erie Canal is augmenting rai)i(lly, and is now in value many millions of dollars greater than the entire foreign export tiade. The Erie Canal landed at tide water, as given in the tables of the Argus, ;MH)o,14l barrels of flour ; of this number the Boston Hail Uoral earided away bl)(),Srj9 b.ar- rels ; and after su])plyiiig the local markets of Albany and Troy, and shipping by v.a.ter of many thousands of bar- nds to Eastern nmrkcts. 1 lind the nuaiititv that went di- rectto lh(> city oi' New-VM)rk, from a statement, published '7 2 tHE TRUE CANAL POLICY in the Herald of that city. It may not be improper to ob- serve, that the Herald uses the term " Hudson River" in- stead of Erie Canal, in stating- tlie sources from whence this larg-e quantity reached there. That paper says : "Below will be found a statement of the receipts of flour and wheat at this port, and the exports to foreign ports, from January I to December 31, inclusive, for the years 1845 and 1846. The increase in the import of flour this year, it will be seen, is 58.5,237 barrels, and of wheat 1,060,428 bushels. The increase in the ex- ports is 723,908 barrels flour, and 1,172,702 bushels wheat:" Movements in Breadstuffs — Port of New-York. Receipts of Flour at New- York, from January 1 to December SI, inclusive: VIA- 1846. 1845. Hudson River, bbls 2,280,638 1,700,198 New Orleans, 70,043 87,704 Southern ports, 197,715 175,2.'37 Total for the year, 2,548,390" 1^03,159 Increase in 1846, bbls 585,237 Receipts of Wheat at Neiv-York, from January 1 to December SI, inclusive. VIA- 1846. 1845. Hudson River, bush 1,172,646 289,089 New Orleans, 401,365 83,937 Southern ports 94,242 234,799 Total for the vear r,7}68,253 ^0077825 Inci ease in 1846, bushels 1,060,428 Exports of Flour and Wheat from Jan. \,st to Dec. ?>\st. 1845. 184({. Inrrease. Flour, bbls 469,520 1,193,428 723,908 Wheat, bu 304,654 1,477,356 1,172,702 The aggregate receipts of flour, after reducing the wheat to flour, at the rate of five bushels per barrel, was — 1845. 1846. Increase, Barrels ' 2,084,724 2,882,047 723,908 The aggregate exports, reducing the whole to tiour, was, in 1845. 1846. T.icrease. Barrels 520,451 1,488,899 797,323 "The increase in the exports of 1846, compared with 1845, amounts to nearly two hundred per cent. A more flattering and encouraging exhibit than this, could not well be expected or re- quired." i k^ OF THE STATE OF NEW-YORK. 73 It docs not state the quantity of corn received, but from another ()aper I have seen a statement, and find it about equal to wheat, and derived from the same sources and in the same projxjrtioii fi-om each. This table gives a strong- view from whence tlie freig-ht is derived, which loads the many shij)s now leaving- New- York for Europe. The article of corn, (by tlie destruction of the potato crop,) has become an estaljlished article of commerce to the old world, and the demand for it will be annually increasing-, the better it becomes known. It is a chea]) article in the Western States, and raised in immense quantities, and if our Canal was enlarged, tolls reduced, and by these means transportation cheapened, any desirable quantity could reach the sea-]joard.— The reduction in the tolls last year* of about three cents a bushel, caused 1,610,149 bushels to reach tide water in 184G, against 35,803 bushels in 1845. This article alone has given 10,000 bushels freight each to one hundred and sixty ships from New- York. Has this small reduction of tolls on this single article been of no use to New-York foreign commerce ? And has it not greatly increased the business of the State, as well as added large- ly to the revenues ? The Commissioners of the Canal Fund, in a recent report, state the gain in revenue to be $80,000, and to the forwarders 8100,000 in freight. Other tables published in die New^-York papers, show that the exports of agricultural products shipped from that city the first twenty-two days in December, were as fol- io w^s : — Flour, bbls 149,600 Wheat, t)ush 179,.^00 Corn '■■ 154,000 Rvo,' " .*.*.*..'..'..* 60,000 Barley, " l^'^^O Oats, " 10'30a I w "i-'n~. 74 THE TRUE CANAL POLICY r»'omthe first of January to 31st December, ]MC), the total shipments of the same articles were — Wheat (lour, bbis 1,19:^428 Kye Hour, " UMr, Corn meal, " 108,818 " " Iihds 4,840 Wheat, l)ush l,477,:}r)«5 Corn " l,4H9,4r)9 Rye, barley and oats not reported in the table. The above flour and meal, reduced to g-rain, and addinf** the rye, oats and barley, form an ag-g-regate little short of ten millions of bushels. The most extraordinary activity is now going- on in the shipment of bread stuffs from New- York. The last ])a- pers from that city, state that sixty-seven of thfir largest ships w^ere liusily loading" with piovisions of all kinds, for Europe. The demand for shi})ping- is so g-reat that, although freights have risen near 300 per cent, over the usual and common rates, ships cannot be found to meet the pressing- demand. This deficiency in vessels, however, is being- supplied in the consti-uction, in all the Northern sea-ports, of an muisual number, and of greater ca})acity of burthen. Life and activity is seen in all their shij)-yards, among ship-carpenters, calkers, riggers and the numerous other branches of mechanics and labor, the building of ships calls into requisition. Foreign commerce can only be sustained l)y jiromoting and increasing the internal trade of the country. If we have nothing to sell, we can buy nothing. We cannot deal with money alone, — we have not enough of it. A foreign trade carried on only by money, requires jjut few ships and men to do the whole business of the country. Whereas our own internal products, being generally of a heavy and bulky cliaracter, call into requisitini\ a great many ships to r "I-'B^ji OK THE STATK OK NEW-YORK. 75 r carry it off, and employ a vast amount of labor in a thou- sand ways, to move it. How trade tlirouo-h the Erie Canal can be increased, is an important (piestion. Two years ago the Canal Board be- came^ satisfied that an entire revision in our canal tarif of tolls was necessary. That the Erie Canal had ceased to be the only channel to and from the Western States, to the sea- boo5,- 7or) pounds of sug-ar and molasses, all of which went to supply mark(jts which we had heretofore considered c.C' cluslcdy our own. The Canal Board, lor the purpose of arriving- at the quantity of certain projjerty passing- up the canal, lias directed the Canal Collectors to make out specific state- ments. This liaving- only been done this yeai\ no com- parison can be made with former years. The returns from the Collector's Olfice in this city, show that tlie 4-") per cent, reduction caused to be transported the whole distance of the Erie Canal for markets west of Biifihlo, of— On tolls reduced fiwn D to 5 inilli per 1000 Ih. per mile. Sii^rar, Iks s,77."),(ir)-i Mok.s.s"s,' r),0!>r),tlo Coftee, " 0,734,110 NaiU and Spikos, lbs 2,971,401. Iron au.l steol, '^ 4,170,0^:5 Crockery, ll)s 3,94:}, 660 Oysters, " _ 79,fipletion of tli(; othtM* works s(»oner than they can he ohtained Iroin any other source. In a conversation I have had recentlv with a irentleman who has held several interviews with the Canal Connnis- sioners on this sul)ject — he inlornis me that tliey estimate the work of doublino- the locks between Albany and Syni- euse, and placini,'' new single enlarg-ed locks where the small sized old ones remain, ])etween Syracuse and Butla- lo, and giving the Canal five feet of water throug-hont, can ])e done (or $l.r)(K),0()0, and within th(^ three ensuinir veai'S. The surplus accruing during the same time, exceeds the estimated amount recpiired to do the work. This would enable l)oats to pass tlie whole length of the Canal carry- ing l,r)()() bai-rels of flour, being on an average, more than double tllt^ niunber \\\vy now carry. Boats can navigate the Canal from Buffalo to Rochester, carrying 4,200 bush- els of wheat, l)ut beyond that place, there are remaining many of the old sized locks; and two boals and two setts of hands and horses are requir' d, to take this quantity to Albany. This trifling expenditure would more than doul)le the ca|)acity of the Canal, and render useful the vast sums already (?xj)ended for that ])ur))ose; and as new larg(^ boats would immediately replace the present small sized ones, double the amount of business could be done, without in- creasing- Uie number of l)o(irplus lo do the business which presses upon us faster dian our public works can do it. From tliC ibcts and figures T have presented, I think I have clearly shown the necessity of something being im- mediately d jne to the Erie Canal, to enable it to secure and do the rapidly accumulating business seeking it as a channel to and from the seaboard ; as well as jiointing out how the means can be -"btained for tlie pur])ose. The only question reuiaining is. shall it be dont)i TABLES— Sho^v^ing the amount and description of r»<: i-'oni'iNT. TABLE NO I. IHIWN I lir.lMIl'. (Uliil, IlllsillC^S i>{' '■ '* Micliigaii, " . • • • Illinois-, " . . . . ki it ** ** . . Wiskunsuii, " .• ■ ■ it ....'•.... It ....".... Indiana, '• . . . . 14 it reiin-svlvaniii .... " . . . . Virginia " . . . Konliu kv, " . . . Missouri,. 'IVniiesscp,. . . . Canada rt-r»i i .. k» ti \e«:-V..rk, " ... .. it Ac^it'galr .... Wtisincss t |s41 ) HI.-)' 1810 S H4li isi:,' 1-10 S 1S4 1 1 HI.'')' 1840 S HM J 181.-' [ H40 S 1S44 J HI-)' 1810 S H41 J 181.-)' H 10 S H40 H4n HI,')'. 1-loS H41 ) 1S4.-);. H40\ H46 rnr * Prllry " VuuiiiN' ! 7>8,:i^!0 l'o7.:<(>4 84,:!'J7 l'.!-J..-)OI> 1 ll,07.') 14.-),0-2.-) •.!4,r).')0 08,;-j-J0 4,-J04 7,S'i8 41,480 i)4,77-2 180,983 17-,',00-.! 1.8,'J3 1,831 13.817 liimnhfe .Sinmi'K.^ giimgtw. 1 TImbgr, , »I4»..«. rtKL I M. 17)57^0' .". 1. 970,334 C •2,808,900 . . 77,130 .. 300,773 .. •2,-)0,-JOO 2 O.OOOj 000 344,7741 1,'214,.-).'J4! 1,081,934 8,31-Jj.V2,38H,447 7,310 60,004,8.-)4 4,-204;5.'J,0.')r),500 8,082,548 10,-27 1,577; 7,y!>0,43-2 1,478 4,157 34,309 1751 3-23 1 CO I H4I J H4-) ' 1-40 S 1844 H4.-. Ht'i H41 Hi.-. HIO HIO HI5 H44 Hi:! 1,810 •2,980,168' .. 4,00-2,r)4l! 36 4,6'25,^257 . . 298 lOO.OOOj '244,OOo! • • 100,0.-)2i 7,038,000. 2,i)13,000! nr2.ooo! 348,000 BarrrU. 10,sOO 19.714 13,500 11,8-27 U,l.-)8 0,951 79 101 43 254 282 160 1,2!>2 ■1,891 1,105 1,708 1,150 577 jurifU. 38*.'-r58 21,141 47,491 1,0-20 3-25 3,055 1,002 3,507 018 80l I V33j 3.(»9'>' -.454: 66 1' 1331 iif«(. I llAtruU. I 25,802 1.5,219 017 014 722 7,372 5,181 ' 8,730 510 1 1.304 ! 2,048 1 751 70 873 34 382 307 llwon. I'timiilf. 779,259 1,518,810 0,701 709 98.051 73,258 rmiU DL'l' 1) 1' A N I \l A| CIltMD. I.ant. HiitiriJn. I'l.illl'tlN. 1,40 4.031 3,608,08-i 1,370,917 1,719,040 2,940,548r2,884,744[ ;!4,044| 210,2831 3,0771 4,712 37.'-. 11,2701 31 I. no.-. .52'*,272 120,091 197,121 37,«*i.:-. 4.57,130 •• \ 5*, 0,033 85,880 40,812 H,.-)55 2,983 389 112 1,493,774 3,975 I0.5,0«(i 123,953 437,434 343.914 1,837,171 1,381,878 42,360 7 9, -284 82,34(ii -19,.599' 20o! 876.52s 1,388,.5^2:) 52 19,283 1,729,047 2,250,438 2,775,243 2.50,407 3.52,081 ,521,130 71.430 102,199 225,020 12,-221 37,324 38,912 12,811 35,005 48,032 1.5,767 79,203 137,250 I I'liiiii. i.. ' 21,380' 171,895 92,322 19,348 40,023 10,040 •220,545 3H6,840 343,474 13,0^27 33,578 17.5,723 9.022. 15,. 534 25,517 20,542 Hour. IhrruU. 440,244 404,020 489,200 373,461 205,858 054.3-t9 7,124 0,487 •22,992 4,530 2,804 15,915 21,101 37,735 93,007 108 553 3,334 1,991 : Wl...«t. ; _Jln.li>;!.. I 0957710 262,'iOI I,(i0(i,(ll7i 221,903 2.55,1 -27 4H5.(I()2 472,50-.' 47!V272 771,191 1.57,008 H(!,.5.-)2 311,011 235,191 1(18,2-25 437,010 3,520 ildCI 1 TI i;i VI Hj... c r.i 11,1.1,1'U. ll 0113 33.0! 2.510 I14,.5-. 2.832 207,8( TABLE NO. n— I I' FKKUWrr. . I)\isin .tH44 i . H45f.i . 1S40S' . H 14 i , 1845 J. ; . 1-16 S 2,010 480 1 000 900 :i,000 300 15 941 1,600 1,118 1,545 HO 2,658 015 205 02 5,503 •• •• 129 .-)Ui " 3,520^ 4,770 4,050; 4,857 I 71, .562 •2,016, . . 03 3,931 45' . . 194 033 120 •• j^ ;; : I I. 2,0101 5,3 lOi 1.000' 2 Hi 0,190 3.13.5,010! 3.117,310 3.1 10.009 :t, 1 40,0.511 1 1,-72 2.H22 41)6 •279 250 2,035 2,21 I fi,:)80| •• I 30' .. 73 .. 107 . . 34 .. 75 . . 92 .. 10 .. .. 9 .. (iO .. . .• ' 34 .. 13 .. .. 7 3 .. 3 ! ! 10 »08,8.'W 109,100 84.3 11 .5H,Hfi 5H.I-0 H I, ' I I 9ii3-!5 14. nn..5-0,13 jli.OOtt'lH, lli.dlltl |(i 13T..'>H|l 13. 140 (125 0.55 0.55 025 lOil 109 00,3-25 1 1.140, 45,012 151,4801 l'2.42ei 12 .. '31 '.'. 1 1 ■;o 9 43 .. .17; ■i. 1 ; 7 1,785| 02 3,7761 0,337 1,671' 6,090 •2.0-24 5.2 H 3,4K2, 1 171 1.2-.'H 3.1 12 lo,-:5i 7.25H 7. ..(15 1,700 5,3 10 9,930 0,H7H 2011 5,726 1.770 ,. 90 . . 1,113 10.H-2:t , , 203 . . 45 73,779 , ^ 375 . . li2 20(i. 1.52 2.360 10.9H2 .. 10,-*00;illH, II!) :i,3I0 OH :l l.il4(l2Hfi.(i;UI 7,222; 101 1 43 1,90! :".0,400 7.2-2^2i 370 1 43 1 l.013'!»t!l.->7-2 3,310 271 3, , , 5,8:)H 20rt,-222 2,306 11,072 .. 1 , , 166; . . •2.27.5I 7,.50h| . . 1 •i,1*i U IIU ,|iHl Itlrli.m WilM iiaUo Ittftwcuii 'iirk itiiil lluoiti, or k'tw't < (1 Hill t and deBCription of Property, received at and shipped from Buffalo, on the ERIE CANAL, in the years 1843, 1844, 1845, and 184« AfJitici i/ri lii:. Kruur. ItirruU. ' Wli-nt. Hn.'li.'U. Vl.dKI'AUI.h rUDII. ni- : Unr ley. ) nU»T~,'iUl .189,-JOO 1,000,0171 :)73,401 ■i,!l,003' 9401 109,-207 :i;i,oo» 511,904, iiii.iiei» I iO"),H5'^ •2.')r),]'27 • • i ^ , [i,-.4,:H9 4H-).0(i-2 , , .. 7,15-24 472,502 (i,487 479,272 . , , , •22,992 771,194 • • 15,;U3 4,.');iO 157,(i(i8 , , ,. 2,S04 l^i0,552 ^ , ir),9l.-. :iu,9il •24,104 2:t5, 1 9 1 1,210 5,2(i2 :i7,7:i5 108,225 lllO 9:i,007 4;t7,oio 4 1(1 555,250 1(W ^iry.i 3,520 , , ;»,:i:i4 , , 500 7,222 1,991 . . 4,084 1 •2,904| 77,202 5,095 5!1,2I5 i'i..v nils, - I 5941 " • 412 ,2,443 I ! 310 ' 270 2,295 I'miiioi-i, {IlritHi Fruit > i'liiiiiih. I ~ 7" '1707339 41(1 0.0471 113!270,942 .. I 1,011 150 .. 10 2,415 .. ! 3,749 A I Cotttm. riimijii. h (ITIlKk'AliRIC'riL'rUKAl T T f,..' Clo. A Or. Heptl yiii% 3,07!)/ 27,398 18,451 1,718 :i50,331 717,400 i80,897 849 4,425 10,330 29T72i)3 721,891 ,7(>0 51,2^4 20,>*97 41,774 f,ti09,423 971,790 2,H7,330 184.503 3,2 18.4«s 12(i.482 2,000.794 787,009 30 73 107 34 75 92 10 9 09 34 13' ' 5,'l'3i( 2:348' 478 2 O 3-25 16 12 .. I lOO' 230 73.70(t 76 ei,850j 2,8821 81 123,504! 35I 12,396 3,230 7!l,n21 26,879{ 3,339 9,951' 9,900' 3,530! 9,567' 2,139 3,820 14 2,300 3,:(10' 7.232| 3,3101 2,3li0; 2,2i5l 3 mi 203 375 10,!)82 OH 101 370 271 11,072 7,.5(W[ :125| 5,1411 4;!i( 4,042' 5.872, 5,7.59! 131 0,2.53 11,0|:(' 1,907] 2,424, 171 2S307' 12,201 19,699, 7,839 279 230' Qfi,.-)9-| 7,533 9,975 2,014 I 291 888: 4,848 019 475 5|-.i 520 3,009 1,.522 11,807 77,743 1,193 10.133 4,305 190 10,037 2,447 294 970 504 0,006 i I 2,.553 1,893! 1,211 131 3,248| , . '. '. \ii',m\ 8,310,4,5,351, 8,.58-.l . . I '8,5-i8j 10,501; 15,3.51 1 .. 44,1331 1.000'8,5,524l 19 12 fi 348 29 41 3(i7 32 .. ; 9,441 23-< 28!),(!llOi 2,439 111120,004; 3K-20 30 13,0541 45,210 1.4(iM517,993> 4-*,475 3,002 1 17,791' I 10.(i30 3,20(i2lN,395J 123.450 1,700 ■<07. 5911 50,',l| 1 30 2J,19.".| 15.2 l(i 180! 25,693i(^S) . . 28.537 58,352 2!),514 32,515 02 ,11 1 J I22,.570 152,090 120 301 01,0.52 100,072 3.000 .5,390 l,!120 4.801 0,102 |-<,5.-,3 .50,173 1 1 ,55!^ 0,870|- 2,43s, 190 \\ fi,887il 15,013 :i,7(!4 ('..•iOO 19 172 H,!ll!) 190 ll.i,7l3 35,085 12.183 .. i 10.704 l.!t92 17,810 5 -toil 5,800 17,840 4 !l!)2 4,775 l,I4i»,3!)3i 1,032,022: 843,274i 1,984,0331 1,44.5,947; l,304,04li 1,593,5341 l,6.59,065j 1,803,120' 3,0,32,386! 4,114,877; 4,791.154 372,5141 117,.5(i0l 109,014 53,008 55,840 70,805! 15,.553! 5,2581 10,69l! 5,907 i 370 35.5121 0,305 19,090 4.5,015 34,2 15 30,.597| ;8,3(i0.053!' 070 8,482.5471 |9,0IT,0(N: 2,400! .578,2951 l,liri,008,«25j 10,04'M'i:twocri Turk iinil UuL'iti, or Ik-imti 11 Uiatur ikmI l.nrti- I I'riiu'iiuiily llciiip. I LnnI Uil, J No t'ntum I'lulory jii llullalo 111 l-li). I fruvi'itiatu I'-lilall Murcliuiiiliiii' |m,il lullsnt u iiilIIii, llilsyi'nrn rcilucliiili anil ili<«imliiiili,pii h;n hi'i'ti iiiaili.'. 20, isl. 31 11. 199. 13:t, 0.-T49;; 75.421.. .. 5-^2.094 2,'), I'., .. ■500,.572; _ ., .. .50Tr572i .. •5s-.:091; ion.-:):; .. 7^0,492 9;',,ii-;-J 1.20.^731,324| Hf.-'Mii, 21,7 1(1 2V72 18,77- 20,38.:, '•'.OlD. s,-l;v.i. (),51l. 7,973, 4,(i(i:i. 5,370, 1.479. 2,07 41(1. l,3ti- Ox!*. kved at and shipped from Buffalo, on the ERIE CANAL, in the years 1843, 1844, 1845, and 1846. I I-.. *. Rll!!. 413 i.US I ■J7(i t.Ki.-. ALL OTIiKK At Coltiin. • Ti>l>ni-ro. 41(1 1131: 1-1(1 Hi I7(i,;i3!) (!.l)J7 •27(1,942 1.011 •J.ll'ii •J,74!) •JU4,:»(il I r)S(),4(i4 |2,104,COe •^1.901 :i,8s!) 2(),iiti:i 18, 1 S-2 2,(i4(V 110 ;v23 4,01-' 1,902 932 Rli;l LTUKAI. I'KlililU; Llo AUi. »vri\ FU« gfttj.'l rv;;.»i.._jf I'™;,,... f 2,4»r),21li S(),()(J1 2,109,401126,73:) 937,79.'. 843,1711 531,(i'i(!| 13,001 261.009j 0,121 f)8,810| 8..''>80| 0,000! 4,01.'-.' 3,10(»i 9,78.-.l 2.100. 100.120' 10..^)fi.-)j 3.-..71(l 0,9ll!l 18,050 l'„»i>mri>lJC 42,.') 1 3 2.-.2.2ri8 225,548 9,2.58 18,308 50,(i97 128 4,000 800 17,220 2,0(i3 •JUh 80.-. :i,(»08 lOJ 092 197 ;,C'>5 |l,.'-.>i7 927 3,212 107 102 243 004 "Tri 3,4.")--> 102 05 191,224: .. I 0,510 283.3(19 2.52,983 12,018, . . i 1,327^ .. I 7.123' .. _ 29(),4l)2 252,98'3 7,837 193,272 144,219 210,1.52 008,349 .',511,380 2,511,380, (i08,349 210.1.52 1.779.499 3,138,582 2,427,570 i,048..-)20 109.900 59,700 20,897 l7ie9;423 2,4-^7,330 3.248.4«8 2.000.794 116.341, 13;),279 930,022 10,141i 51,284 4_U74! 184.563 120.482 T'<7,609 21,185 4,430 1.145 845 "'27iT8 4,430 22.030 23,730 1 52,25 272,33(i 09,352 198,828 reathrr I 225U15 071 8.52 805,249i 4,288 00 099 37.220. 20,073j 4,225 3,471 20.401 ■ 29.893! 3,200 29.380i (i.5.105 10.492 14,191 }l t M V.\« I i U B..«. UAr Rnil I'll tUl'.tT nftQ-r Kuiiiitiiri.. Lo.1.1. Vi$ iMin. 1 1 nil. I'.mii.l,. FdiiiiiU. I'ijiiiiiIh. 1 I'u mil 277,102 . , o.oool , , 2.-.0,011 . , 143 518; 209,904 , , 308; , , 183.407 . , . • 1 280.07() , , , , 410,.-).-.-J (!.99>i K770 , , 23,003 2,012 54,021 .7 1,-32 i 48.490 , , • ■ , , 21.12S 121,ll(i • > ' , , 09,371 273 555 02,58(1 509,2(i>' .. 1 .. 10,1.57 I 31,057 , , , , 27,007 , , 13 89U , , 19 125 . > ' 11.01)9 'io.iiooi:) 510 8,50 ■ • ) •• 250 '.'. !! i •• 829 ■ •• 12.085 , * CiitUiri). I'liUDila. 232 830, 1,(119, 129 253,' IH iT37, l.OiU) 302, 108; 593 897 354 8(>() 051 002; 35() 548 159 980! 5,719j _ . 7)30,238; 'T2( 720.049 782,((71 370,7.52 .527,715 395,2021 l.-.-J ((,000 .. 345 3-<7 1 13,518 . . 510.204 22,07-' 13,510 .50.1051 .. H,oi)o; .. l,177,273i. 510,204 22.078,13,510 1,2.54,704 3|5.3-i7 101,518 .. 900,91)0 120,1. -18 5(i,l(i5: .. 594..574 1,531,334 10,40:) .. 24,338; 10,807' 2,809; 3(10 082! l,014i 10,020 1,905 400 24,729 17,849 10,920 4.474| 2,305 52,702 . . I 15.931)' 0,223' 8;),328' 2.747! 1 87,802 ~5i052ll 33,770'23,143| 77,43(i; . . I 87,759; 3,929! 208 8illt. luuhfli. 208 945 1,198; 1,198" 1,213 Puumla. "48,060 02,722 1 1,982 15,292 1,859 9,520 1,781 284 1,078 2,254 1,140 5,004 00,505. 9.5,236 1.57.018 199,919 295,195, 224,123; 107.309 10 12 230 76| I s\ 35i .? 100 73,700 01,S5S 2.882I 122,5041 12,390 3,220 "7<),<.>2l 20,8791 3,2391 9,951 ' 9.900 3,f>30l 9,567 2,439 3,820 2S307 12,201 19.099, i 7,*39 279 230 7,.522 9,975' 2,014 •• I 201, 888 004 4,849; 919 475 54«j 520 2009; ' 9.411 28.537 2.009 I't 238--!89,((il0 2.439 5H.3.52 5,390 12 11112(1,004 3 -JO 29.5 1 I 1,920 30 13,054 45,210 32,515 4.801 IH l,4(i"< 517,993 4-<.475 02.012 0,102 J 9 3.092 1 k" 791 119(130 122,.570 IM.,553 11 3.UO(J20-.- '.■■1123.450 15i.090 .50,173 ii'>7 1.700 -07 ..5111., 50,914 120 30 1 11. .55-* 30 22.495 15,210 01,0.52 0,870 32 180 2.5.093 (§) . . 100,072 2.42« 190 1,522 11,807 77,743 1.193 16,133 4,365 16,037 2,447 294 0,006 2,.5.-.3 1,893 1,211 970 1,149,3931 1,032,022| 843,274 1,984,0331 1,445,947 1,204.041 1,. 593,534 1,0511. (i(i:> 1,803,120 ;l,0.32,3-<(i' 1,114,87 7 4,791,1.54 372.514 117,500! 199.014' 53.110'* 55.-10 70,805 15.553 5,259' 10.091 5,907 370 190 190 . • • • 1 , , 2.5.512 •• 1 • ■ 0,305 19,090 • ■ , , 45,015 . • ' . • ; , , 24,215 '1 .. 20,.597 .5,887 , , 8.200.053 15,013 970 H, 1-2.5 17 121,704 9.017,00-: 0,290 4.992 2.100 57H.295 19,472 17,«10 1,111 l,0(l-,-'25. H,919 5 -101) 1 032,3351 1 13.713 5 too 9,049,1) l:t 35,085 17," 471,013 .500.015 ■120.393 ■121.000 122.270 117,210 132,595 1,978 5.195! 4(*,815 98 209 1.5,724 20 470j ,730' jinlUil. ; .No CoVtnn Kacicjry in liullaio in IriJ. I'rtn'HH i'l 1-1" oil .Morcliondm' panl tolls nl U iinll>, ilim ymr n ri'ilic'tlun anil di- 'r 4,480 . . I.7W0,723, 3"t,807, . . 2.207.125 . . . 2,051.28(1 -57,100 5,50 8(t'J 72,01!) . 005 921 . . 710.700 . 2,705,04ft 110— n . . 2.->13.(l4" -)>1.— . 2,3 »3,.5«.5 747.97- . li,N>,>!i,;,aii ■nil ili"'ri(niti;iti,»»ol 345, and 1846. 2(i8 8«ll. Kii>rit>la. 20'? 'i«, Liiiieiiiil ('lay. H03~878 881,155 1,004,777 4,'.J19 5,137 85 2,183 5,077 8iJ5 1,04-i 4,.5«8 210 0,231 248,400 222 5,273 2,583 1,703,410 3,273,940 2,813,007 2,953,127 4,314,120 l,l.'i0,587 l,042,t*10 2,38.-1,307 202,7!V4 93,517 250,338 30,037 41,740 I47,'254 23«,;)00 274,l:{8 !;'50,085 32,039 li: 2,035 214,946 '2 4'2Jj (t) 01 9^4 15 805,980 8()9,555! 892,5!J9j 1,019,247] 7G,-230 10,912,351: 2,954,719 73^37900 " 11,804,950 945,785 3,180,483 210 1,378 6,410 0,231 1.951.810 3,274,102 9.500 3,040 (;) 6,410 1,594 I 1,669| 3,-274,162 1,954,85(1 15,731 2.000| 47,170 2,603 150 6,5 k; 11,737 4.480,329 5,211,008 8,754,970 2,317,898 1.033,327 1.95 4,027 10,705,597 0,844,395 0,798,227 5,303,882 21,740,9131 2''',.572,729| 18,778,lll! 20,282,00r I • • ! >',040.fi87J ■?,4a9,935! , (),541.495 j 7,973,7.55 I 4,603,149 ' 5,370,014 i 1,479,854] : 2,079,3221 410,907 l,3(i8,.-,0-i 27,728 fl89,-227! '2(),3.59: H 1,003 ;22,854,192 ! 11,9.50,044 31,373j i .1,0.53 l.««t 1 '.'9.902 433,790 0.-,493,H7« 75,42(1,303 .. 78(»,192; 2-.lHl,M''M ! .. .5-i2.094: 25.4«7,mi5 .. .500,572 7,5,56,705 6,60.5,513 4,790,328 1,54'8',59U 919,239 57V,774 loV,273| •• J "is-s, ■- ! 5Ajr70i 3,139,620 2,470,153 1,092,726 1,370,858 436,824 252,663 1,323 1,632,249 1,.523,622 717,4fi8 810,423 262,633 147,822 234, IU»ft| 1,108 3,128,810 1,160,'201 097,901 751.672 759,037 ■225,305 100 044 833,084 981,88'3 507,764 539,172 129,460 78,122 98 972 1,358,997 1,103,891 475,510 804,322 230,050 160,109 1.5,089 14,245 3,212 1,006,7751 46,472 797,762 509,.5Ol 7,197 20,505 3,720 300 ■)7. 192,41 1 8.77.5,002 .5,09.5. IIO"!,:;!!,! 10 13,6.52 520,829 373,118 101,100 5,488 11,197 . „.W2 .5BS,.55il 10,000i 900,540; 34,700' 1,091,100! 30,040 169,(l31j .. i 247.213, 8.5,770 391,203] 1,.'»99 80,058 98,175 77,438 47,940 52,.5()2 18,495 22,384 7«,433 . 4-2,249 27,495 51.284 129,300 200 130; 3,530 17 310 69,200| •■ i 1,020S 132,5001 1,910 350 094 1,800 345J 20,880 144,000 2,071,401 1,392,401 4,179,(183 2,109,891 »«.43'2,8(Mi 2,'*«l«.trt(i,|,3.H,47H l,;tl9,215 .. .''Xii; 572! ^ v. 73t4«2.5,2l7 »r 1^1^498 (VI43.W'^'^]M,t(r,;i;;i55'T7;r(j;t,TJj5;«^^^^ .. .■-T.4«4i l(>»i»*tt3,42K ., ,. ... I .. '.'^K.mi ^Ati'im] .. i .. .. ,° '. "I 1,906 3,000; 230 .. 114,000 J770 .^_| 0,041 .^ .. .. 9'22,2.5'j 10,e()0 201,700 . . . . 1,437,807 124,590 2.5^,(;09 3,943,000 70,062; 2,3(;2,H2 33,078 2:,!M)0 .. ' .. i21.51(;i(il 139.012 5, 4(>9.3(il . . I 35.(l!l(>.590 30-<,5-13 1,901. 391 854,797 20,002, 10 I •.'27,727 (i,05s,-;()(i 83,755 482,028 240,084 228,008 943,537 18(),<31 35,l)(i2 318,098 198,093 154,449 352,136 113,936 10,594 8,064 9,184 1,423 9,300 86,202 5,540 1,045 2,865 14,024 85 1,000 4^7077:2(1 51.5,43(1 2,l2'i,07>< 85 1,35 f 3,25 1,720 4,453,525 2,077,050 034,459 2-<,30 l.-'t^^O 20(),8()5 (i.(ls(MiTio ~2~,'(T;W,ll'o j .. : 3;, 134,457 193,179 .5,-i-22,991 0,570.203 .. |j22,13M2(l 119,0 12. 5,(i7 1,001 3,770.I(i2 .. P 7,717.201 00,112 1,023.191 1,71S.259 SlKim J'rffs of Jem/I, 'riinmiiii .V Co. Cummcnidl Adi-crliatr (Iffii-i; Ijuffalo.