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"■ V -Jr-Ji . •'' -.v A I-."'' i ■■>;I ;/■%'■' "?M WELLAJVD CAJVAIa, FOR 1829* < -y -i^ ' '^ 'A Ir- ,\ ¥orlt: '■; , y: . ■>'!; * PRINTED BY WILLIAM L. MACKEPiaiE* ■ '. ' i 1830, ^Kjm „ fti';y**ii'»iii^*»Kia«'''«. f!f 1 ^1 '^ lJ"v m Ls "-"M' ^■i b^ ' r , 'i'U .1. .:n r .!,i K. /4 -Jl-'-4^'-Vvl'../%-i'*'i^^i ' ^'i'^-^{//'^--:*- '.1" ^ • It was found Iscriiations rei culated, and feng it were a Bupplcmenta jlhe work th( lo pursue. To this pillars, whic |(F!el such an accurate des ouvpose. It is hi; ^Iport at the ' nouncc that plished, froi iiagara and V The p feheoring in icould prom lit is not th( Ipiiuliite the tcounter dui t if the objec -f own privat don it alto^ %those ;the work then was, and the measures which they had determined |;^o pursue. H To this report, made in luno last, thej now refer for parti- ; pculnrs, which it is unnecessary to recapitulate here. Those who PFiel such an interest in the undertaking as leads them to desire an ^ccurate description of it, will find that report sufficient for their ^^urpose. ^ It is highly gratifying to the Directors, in presenting this re- l^ijport at the conclusion of the present season, to be able to an- nounce that a practicable navigation has been at length accom- |)lishcd, from Li»ke Ontario to Lake Erie, by the route of the Ni- |Bgara and Wolliind rivers. I The public have been for some time in possession of this |«heoring intelligence ; and it is difhcult to conceive any event that icoidd promise to add more to the prosperity of Upper Canada. ;jflt is not the intention of the Directors on this occasion to reca- Ipiiuliite the embarrassing difficulties which they have had to en- i:counter during the past year: they have been of that n.tture, that ^iif the object of their exertions had been one thatafibcted only their .rown private interests, they could scarcely have hesitated to aban- don it altogether ; and it is but just to add, thatso perplexing were Itliose difficulties, that the work must have been suspended if it ijhad not been for the confidence manifested by the contractors. |By tneir indefatigable exertions, under great disadvantages, the ca- ; nal was fdled in the middle of November last, with water brought |.down from the Grand River, through the new feeder; and on the ;|30 h of the same month, the anniversary of the day on which the ^ cannl was commenced five years ago, the inhabitants of the district of i\i;igara were gratified by witnessing the ascent of two schooners ■ y from L ike Ont-irio to the river Welland. I These vessels proceeded to Chippewa and Fort Erie, and to ■ the opposiie li.irbours of IJlnck Rock and Buffiilo, in the Staie of >jvw Vo- k, where their arrival excited no little surprise, and was wolromeil in the mo'^t friendly manner. ""^S^^ \^'\ Ik W: U ' .1, :. ;A ( 4 > The difliculties alluded to, together with the illness of th« agent and principal engineer, at a period when thier active superin- tendence was most important,unfortunately delayed the completion of the work to a season much later than had been looked forward to< The Directors, feeling the importance of opening the canal this autumn, had intended to celebrate the event in a manner wor> thy of the occasion ; but it had become so late in the year, that it appeared inexpedient to incur the hazard of calling a number of persons together from a distance, to witness a ceremony which a single severe night might render almost impossible ; they, howe- ver, gave directions for obtaining one or two schooners, and, pas- sing them through t!io canal, if the season would admit of iti> This has been accomplished, as we have above stated: the schoon- ers have both ret jrned, and the weather has continued so open, that even to this time the canal might have been navigated. The experiment thus made, in the presence of many respect- able persons, has proved, that the locks are perfectly well con- structed, and may be passed in a much shorter time than the most sanguine persons had anticipated. Another important and remarkable feature in this canal is, the expanded surface it presents along a great portion of its course, from its numerous reservoirs, and the peculiar make of the coun- try through which it passes, enabling a large vessel to glide through this navigation with nearly the same facility that a boat docs in a canal confined within its artificial channel. These facts, which were evident to all who saw the passage of the schooners Ann &. Jane, and R. H. Boughton, have given a confidence in the work, whicli its warmest friends could scarcely have ventured to expect at so early a stage. The channel which has thus been opened to commerce, and of which, we doubt not, the inhabitants of both sides of the upper lakes will avail themselves, docs not, by any means, offer all the advantages which the completion of the entire design will produce^ It places the final accomplishment of this great work, however, beyond question ; because, it is now carried to a point at which its benefits will be felt: all doubt is removed, and all real difficul- ty is surmounted. What remains is easy of execution — the ex- pense can be estimated with comparative certainty ; and no ra- tional person can, for a moment, hesitate in declaring, that the work cannot, and must not stop short of the original design. It may be thus described in a few words : vessels drawing 7Jfcet water, and not having more than 21^ feet breadth of beam, coming from any port on Lake Erie with produce, will sail dowa the river Niagara, until they approach within about a fourth of a Jnile from tho mostli of the riv»r Welland or Chippewa* Therfr less of th« jive superin- completion forward to. the canal inner wor- jyear, that it number of ny which a |they, howe- s, and, pas- dmit of itrf the schoon- led so open, gated. lany respect- y well con- lanthe most canal is, the jf its course, of the coun- glide through oat docs in a facts, which ners Ann d& in the work, red to expect immerce, and of the upper , offer all the will producer k, however, lint at which real difficul- ion — the ex- and no ra- ng, that the design, sels drawing idth of beam, ill sail dowa t fourth of a jwa» Therfr ( 5 ) (key ivill enter a canal, which has been cut across a point of land into the river Welland, in order to avoid the difficulty and dnnger of descending tho river Niagara sq low as to the mouth of the Welland. This cut is 15 chains in length : they will then pass up tho river Welland, a distance of 9^ miles : tho river is deep and still, and affords an admirable navigation for vessels of any burden. A tow-path will be formed on its western bank, which is now in great forwardness. From the Welland they will ascend by two looks into the Deep Cut, from which point, to Lake Ontario, the distance is 16.^ miles. Along this portion of the line, the canal is filled with water brought down the feeder from the Grand River, and conducted across the Welland in an aqueduct. Thirty four locks occur in this distance ; and it has been found in the first ex- periment made of them, that they may be passed in an avcrago time of seven minutes. It will thus be seen that the whole dis- tance of artificial navigation, between the two lakes, is sixteen and an half miles ; and that, including the passage of the Niagara and Welland rivers, vessels will be towed 42 miles, which can bo done in a day without difficulty ; at least, that is the conviction re< sultin<; from the experiment made. The Directors are desirous of giving to the public all the in- formation that can be of use in enabling them to avail themselves, promptly, of the advantages which this ciinal will afford ; and they, therefore, communicate a schedule of tho rates of toll which they propose for the ensuing year, viz : Flour 4d. per bbl. Pork 6d. do. • Ashes Is. do. Pipe Staves, 20s. per M. This information will enable merchants living in Ohio and other parts of the United States to make their calculations, and determine whether it will be their interest to send through this channel such of their produce as may be destined for New York. As to produce of every kind intended to be sent to Montreal, there can be no doubt that it will pass through the Welland Canal. Foreign vessels using the canal and not breaking bulk will meet with neither detention nor charge, but will pass through this artificial channel in the same manner as they have always done through the waters of the Lakes and Rivers within our boundaries. If they desire to break bulk they must of course enter regularly ia the same manner as at any other port. It may seem to some of the Stockholders, that the tolls are much too low, when compared with those exacted in other plarf^ in this province aid in Lower Canada. The experiencjp ( „ „, . Upper Canada, J '"^ Due from Thos. Proctor, late agent, New York, 3,428 £260,085 CONTINGENCIES. Including Salaries, Engineers' expcnces, Direct- > £-„ 710 ors, Agents, &c. &c. J ' Which is not quite equal to 5 per cent, on the amount. Few, if any, similar undertakings have been conducted at a less charge than 10 per cent. -*- It has been found necessary to widen the feeder to 20 feet bottom, and 36 feet surface, from the Deep Cut to the GranrI Ri- ver, in order to insure an ample supply of water for hydraulic and other purposes, as well as to connect the Grand River by a boat canal of suitable dimensions; to accomplish this, as well as to place the ship canal, by the Niagara River, in a perfect state for naviga- tion by the opening oft he spring, it will require the sum of £14,530. This part of the work is already under contract; and it is the in- tention of the Board to make immediate application to the Lejjis- lature for an extension of capital ; and either to take stock for the public, or loan the company £25,000, to enable them to fulfil their engagements, and complete this work on the above dimensions. \f ■.: .- 'V. & ;■. . ml & ( « ) The directors fool awurcd the Pulilic will not derive tlio full Advantages of this Navigation, until tlio intt-rior route is open tlirouiiliout for ship Navigation, accordinir to ilie original design; to accomplish this a further sum of £l'5,000 will bo required, to obtain which an early application will be made to the Legislature of Lower Canada, to take stock to the amount of JCl 2,500. They are not only equally intere^'cd in the complete success of tho ('an.d, but have already manifested their good feeling by takiii;j Stock to the amount of J62r),000. For what remains, an application will be made to the British Government ; for which purpose, as well as to arrange other inte- rests of the Company, J. B. Yates, Es(|. of New York, purposes to go to England to give correct information on the present state of tho work. To Mr. Yates belongs the credit of being the largest indi- vidual Stockholder in the Welland Canal ; and from his well known character, the Directors entertain every hope of his success. The entire cost of this work when completed, viz : the ship Canal now fmished between Lake Ontario and the River Welland, including 346 feet of Lockage, the towing paths on the Niagara and Welland rivers, the Cut at the mouth of the Welland, and tho Boat Navigation, from the Grand River to the Welland, 27 miles in ex-ent, which will be completed the ensuing spring, will amount to £288,098. It will be the largest canal in America, and in point of ex- pence will bear tho following comparison, with similar under-^ takings. The Erie Canal has a depth of 4 feet water, it cost after ascending the Mountain at Lockport to Buffalo on Lake Erie, a distance of thirty-two miles, the sum of $2,400,000 or £000,000, exclusive of Lockage. The Luchine Canal with a depth of 5 feet water, nine mile? in lengih, with 44 feet Lockage, cost £120,000. The first had a length of 3 miles deep rock excavation, and the other is finished, on a much superior scale ; still, when tho Deep Cut on tho Welland Canal, and all other difficulties this work has had to struggle against, arc taken into considera- tion, it will bear a fair comparison with any similar undertaking; JOHN HENRY DUNN, President. HENRY J. BOULTON, Vice rRESiDENT. U1LL1A31 ALLAN, GEORtiE KEEPER, JOHN J. LEFFERTY, ROBERT DICKSON, SVeiland Conal Office, St. Catharines, Dec. 31. IBi-'U. DlRE0TOn.«}