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$ d'images nicessaira. Las diagrammes suivants iliuatrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 library of l^attarn Onitcrjiitr^ Bibliographical Contributions. // EDITED BY JUSTIN WINSOR, LIBRARIAN. 3sro. 19. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF MAPS RELATING TO AMERICA. By JUSTIN WINSOR. CAMBRIDGE, MASS.: Hamtti &2 tbe Htbrars of l^arbatti Unf&ersfts. 1886. Already issiied or in preparation : A Star prefixed indicates they are not yet ready. > I. 2. 3- 4- S- 6. 7. 8. 9- 10. II. 12. 13- 14. IS- 16. 17- 18. 19. 20. 21. "22. Edwapd S. Holden. Index-Catalog „e of Books and Memoirs on the Transits of Mercury. Justin Winsor. Shakespeare's Poems : a Bibliography of the Earlier Editions. Charles Eliot Norton. Principal books relating to the Life and Works of Michel- angelo, with Notes. Justin Winsor. Pietas et Gratulatio. An Inquiry into the authorship of the several pieces. List of Apparatus in different Laboratories of the United States, available for Scientific Researches involving Accurate Measurements, The Collection of Books and Autographs, bequeathed to Harvard College Library, by the Honorable Charles Sumner. William C. Lane. The Dante Collections in the Harvard College and Boston Public Libraries. Calendar of the Arthur Lee Manuscripts in Harvard College Library. George Lincoln Goodale. The Floras of different countries. Justin Winsor. Halhwelliana : a Bibliography of the Publications of James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps. Samuel H. Scudder. The Entomological Libraries of the United States. A List of the Publications of Harvard University and its Officers, 1870-1880. Samuel H. Scudder. A Bibliography of Fossil Insects. William H. Tillinghast. Notes on the Historical Hydrography of the Handkerchief Shoal in the Bahamas J. T). Whitney. List of American Authors in Geology and Palaeontology. Classified Index to the Maps in Petermann's Geographische Mit- 1855-1881. Classified Index to the Maps in the Royal Geographical Society's 1830-1883. The Bibliography of Ptolemy's Geography. The Kohl Collection of Early Maps. William C. Lane. Index to Recent Reference Lists, 1884-1885. A List of the Publications of Harvard University and its Officers, 1880-1885. Justin Winsor. Calendar of the Sparks Manuscripts in Harvard College Library. K .i\RD Bliss. theilungen. Richard Bliss. Publications. Justin Winsor. Justin Winsor. ' 4> THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. ansits of ions. Michel- e several able for College )n Public BELONGING TO THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE, WASHINGTON, U.S.A. By Justin Winsor, Librarian of the University. Orchard -1880. dkerchief iche Mit- Society's ^1885. Library. ^ %• This collection consists of well -executed hand-copies, with but occasie)n:il attempts at repro- duction by fac-siniiie. The maps are contained in a series of portfolios, and each is mounted on a large sheet of card-board, with marginal tablets or other appendage of description. Little use of color is made in them. The names, legends, drawings, and devices are usually in black ink; the coast shad- ings and larger rivers in a blue wash. The maps vary in size. Ur. John G. Kohl, a learned German, and a travel- ler of large experience, was born in Bremen, April 28, 1S08, but spent many years in Dresden. He had from his early years pursued the study of historical geography. He came to this country in 1854, bring- ing copies which he had made of laany maps relat- ing to the progress of discovery in America, — some of them from old geographical and other printed treatises, and some from manuscripts of various kinds which he had found in European archives and libraries, public and private. Using an appro- priation from the government, obtained in 1856 ($6,000), he prepared this series of copies, as the foundation of an elaborate catalogue of the early maps of the American continent. " He also, using for- illustration some of the same maps, prepared for the Coast Survey memoirs of the early cartography (eastern and western coasts of the present United States and of the Gulf of Mexico), which are described in the Reports of the Survey for 1855 and 1856. As the results of this study. Dr. Kohl later printed in the Zcitschrift fiir Allgent. ErdkunJe (neue folge, xv), two papers on the "Alteste Geschichte der Entdcckung and I'rfor- sehung des Golfs von Mexico und der ihn umgebendcn Kiisten durch die Spanier von 1492 bis 1543," and he confessedly published this essay as a part of his greater work made for the United States Coast Sur- vey. He likewise prepared, what is in good part an excerpt from this larger collection, a memoir on the early cartography of the northwest coast of North America. This manuscript was later ia the posses- sion of Professor Henry of the Smithsonian Insti- tution, and was given by him to the American Antiquarian Society, in whose library at Worcester it now is. Cf. the J'roceedtiigs of that Society, Oct. 1S67 ; Apr. 1869, and Apr. 1872. Dr. Kohl failed to get from the government all the sanction which he wanted for the publication of his results, and so returned to Europe about 1858, leaving these collections behind him. At home he became the librarian of the city library of Bremen, and prepared and published various studies in his special department ; the chief of which were, first, a treatise (1S61) on the earliest official maps of America, — />>/<■ iKiden dltestcn Genenil-karten von Amerikii, — which was accompanied by fac-similes on a large scale, excellently done, of the well-known maps of 1527 and 1529; and, second, a treatise on the early discovery and cartography of the region known as the Gulf of Maine, — with references, however, to some adjacent and even somewhat re- mote parts, — which he undertook at the invitation of the Historical Society of Maine. This book, which forms the first volume of the Documentary History of that State, p- Wished by that society, is called A History of the Discoi'ery of Maine, and was published, partly at the cost of the State, in i86g. It remains the most important single contribution to the history of the discovery and cartography of our Eastern coast. It wa> illustrated with numerous sketch maps, mostly, if not entirely, excerpts from this collection, which wer?" used by him under the advantage of greater kno' ■ -dge and experience than he possessed when he formed the Washington col- lection. He also printed in 1861, at Bremen, a Geschichte der Entdcckung Amerikas, which was translated by R. K. Noel, and published in London in 1862, in two volumes, as a Popular History of the Disco"iicrv of America from Columbus to Franklin. A treatise on the history of the Gulf Stream was another fruit of these later labors. Dr. Kohl has amply set forth his methods and purposes in his favorite study in his introduction to his Discovery of Maine, and he has explained the importance of old maps in historical study in a lecture On the Plan of a Cartographical Depot for the History and Geography of the American Continent, which he delivered at the Smithsonian Institution, and which is printed in its Annual Report for 1856, pp. 93-147. Another useful little treatise was also printed by him in Washington in 1857, entitled : A Descriptive Catalogue of those mups, charts, and sur- veys, relating to America, -which are mentioned in Vol. Iff. ofHakluyt's Great Work. In this publicat'on he speaks of having studied American maps " a little better than those of the other parts of the world," and calls his tract a part of A General Catalogue of all the maps relating to America, — which seems to have been the title intended for the work, which he hoped finally to publish under the patronage of the government. He also printed at this time in The A'ational Intelligencer an interesting paper on " Lost maps." Dr. Kohl died at Bremen, Oct. 28, 1878 ; and Mr. Charles Deane, who had known Kohl well during his sojourn in Cambridge, where he had done much of his work on American maps, using in part the f I THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. extensive collection of printed maps in the collcce library, — commemorated him in the following De- cember in a notice before the Massachusetts His- torical Society, which is printed in their Pn>cmihr's, vol. XVI. p. 3«i. Kohl's rcput.-ition as a student and expounder of comparative cartography wa.s very high. Mr. Major, the eminent head of the map department in the Jiritish Museum, referring to Dr. Kohl's /)/>rm'>-_>' of Maim; s\)o\ic of it as "a most admirable work ; and 1 am proud to think (he adds) that It was at my suggestion .hat the proposal w.-is made to my learned friend to undertake so responsi- ble and learned a task." Mr. Deanc properly savs of him : " After the death of Humboldt, he was un- questionably the most distinguished geographer in Lurope." Mr. James Carson Brevoort, whose own knowledge of early American maps is so critical, accords him the highest place among his contempo- raries; and Mr. Henry C. Murphy, by who.se recent death scholarship in this field has lost a devotee of superior attainments, also bears testimony to the rich quality of his work. After his return to Europe Dr. Kohl also pulv lished at Berlin in 1877 a Geschkhte der Eiitdcckum's- rtisenund Schifffahrtcn zur Magellan'' s-strasse undztt den t/ir benachbarten Ldndem tind Meercn, mil acht Karten, which had previously appeared in vol. xl of '/• ^^Jf^^^^'''/' d'-'' Ceselhchaft fiir Erdkundc in Ber- Im. This also he considered a fragment of a greater work, which he proposed to call "Geschichle der Ent- dechtmg und Geographie der Netien IVelt." He had prepared a history of the search for the northwest pass.ige from Cortes to Franklin and McClure, which failing health prevented his ])utting to press. Some fragments of it were printed however in the periodi- cal Ausland, puMished at Augsburg. A portrait of him, following a photogr.iph, is engraved in the Narrative and Critical History of America, vol. iii p. 209; and a memoir is printed in i\\c Beilaire zur Allgcmcinef. Zeituug, Augsburg, July 9, 1879. ' Ihis valuable collection h.id for twenty-five years remained practically unused in the custody of the Department of State at Washington. At the out- break of the civil war it was temporarily in cliai 'e of the War Department, placed in an apartment occupied by troops, and barely escaped destruction. Scholars have occasionally referred to it, but they chiefly brought away from it a sense of its importance and of the want of a key to it. Being in communica- tion with the librarian of that department, Theodore F. DwiGHT, Esq., the preparation of an annotated calendar for the use of scholars w.is suggested ; and on his representation of the subject to the Depart- ment permission was promptly obtained to have the maps sent to the College library at Cambridge to facilitate the prep.iration of such a Calendar. Dr. Kohl had arranged the maps on a .system, from which It does not seem necessary to depart. Since he was engaged upon this collection a great advance has been made in the study of early American car- tography. His comments, therefore, are not .is use- ful now as formerly ; and though constant i-se has been made of them, the editor has been obliged to 1?"^,'^^ '^'■Re discrimination, as well as to rectify Kohl s English, whenever it is quoted. Many im- portant and useful maps have been brought to light or made public, which were not known to Dr. Kohl. In order to make the enumeration as useful as pos- sible as a chcrk-Iist for the student, notices of many of these .idditional maps have been inserted in their proper chronological order; but only such as Dr. Kohl contributes have had a marginal serial number given to them. I. THF WORLD BEFORE COLUMBUS. 1. A symbolic representation of the earth plJJ^i.*" """' ''""^ *" Egyptian Dr. Kohl credits thi.s to a hieroglyphic p.npyrus m he Cabinc dcs Mcdailles of tic BibliotI 6que >fat.onalc ,n r.iris, an', it is probably a copy of a much older original, and points out its resemblance to vhe Spanish map numbered 5 (above), though the pres- ent map is circular instcid of squarish. It is figured by Daly and others as of the eighth century. Jomard, Atlas (pi. xiii.), gives it, and assigns it to the tenth century. Lelewel, Atlas (pi. ix.), calls it of the twelfth century. 9. xii. cent. The world. The original is in the British Museum, and belongs to a manuscript concerning the Apocalypse of Si. John, among the Harleian MSS no. 2799. Tl:t Museum authorities put it down under this century ; and Kohl agrees with them. The earth is circular surrounded by water ; the Mediterranean, Black, and Red Seas are united in a T shaped canal, with the upright part connecting with the external ocean at the west. — xii. cent. Santarem in his Atlas (pi. 4, g, 7, 10, 13, 15. and 30) gives other maps of this century, one of which is called " dressee par Henri, chanoine de May- ence"; another, "tivee d'un MS. Liber Guidonis' ; a third from a manuscript of Lambertus in the library at Gand t and -jIso a planisphere belonging to — A. D. 1160. Thr Ktftr '''"'*. '^"V '" the Hocllcian at Oxford publiS^;Tinccm.'= ""^' J^"^"' -'^ '- '^-" 10. xiii. cent. The world by Mathew of Paria i^-ZIlf /°'f "•''' ^''°"fi' '" •'•» "'"'^ted manuscript sembiel ..w. ^'"sciun. and Kohl says it re- Sea and its tVibntar^es' bu^h^ feltt^' ^.'^KirS^ ^ WaJtham. Majipamundi doinini reuis ciiiod est in Jaris tere. Corpus enini terrc sphericum est." Santarcm has given this map in his A//as nl la- and also others of the thirteenth ccntuiT l' fe t' 2 ), mc udnifi a planisphere of Cecco d' A coii aiv fn thP iV"''' "'T': --incl a mappamona and plani- l>ccn brought arts of I'ictro i3, preserved :c, and in the I in fac-simile ce. That of Pl- 33- On- itis portolano liceo- Lauren- •is) ; a plani- the archives ino from the '//'" (pl. xi.), nth century, •simile is in- ucs conscnih Jomard also the century. (1364-1372) IS given in • xiii), and I- 3. 4, 8, 27, lere belong- ilso in Lelc- iris library, erne. m "imago ( Prisciani) ' at Arras, >3ne in the > Sanuto. SS. in the ise Scaeta arly filling rim. The he British they have 'f 1306 is e Islands, nother of 1 by lion- , and this 'cr, pl. vi. ;ivcs one le library 3 map of :w, which els copy, 'reserved h closely en. hronicon tish Mu- Id down pointed af corre- THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. spondin;? .shape with sonic islands in its western parts. Hilly two seas inilcnt its outline, — the kcd Sea and Persian Gulf. Paradise is the extreme east- ern apex. The map is examined by Santarem in his Itistoirt, iii. S.!. 14. A. n, c. 1350. The world by Hygden. The original is also in the manuscript named under no. ij. lis delineation is much more elaborate. The shape is oval, with the longest diameter east and west. The surrouncliiig ocean is filled with islands. 'I'he Mediterranean ami Indian seas arc rudely tle- lineatcd. Cf. Santarem, Hist, tit /a Cartography, iii. p. 3. St. Martin (/f//(W, pl. vi. no. 4) and Lelewel date it 1360. It is also included in Santarein's Atlas (pl. 9). It was figured in the Magasin pittoresque (1S49), and from this Lelewel copied it, in his Atlas (pl. XXV.). This copy of Kohl's reproduction is without notes; a second copy, i\*, has notes, and is put "about 1360." 15. A. D. 1367. Atlantic islands by the broth- ers Fizigani. Dr. Kohl gives only the coasts of south-west Europe and north-western Africa, with the island.s, which he identifies with the Canaries, Madeira, and the Azores, — considering it one of the earliest rep- resentations of these islands. lie says he got his copy from Jomard ; but does not consider it a good one. The chart has since been given in full by Jomard (pl. X.) and Santarem (pl. 40). Ongania, of Venice, published in 18S1 a fac-simile of a sea-chart of Fran- cisco Pizigani, preserved in the Ambrosian library at Milan, which he dates 1373. 16. A. D. 1375. Catalan nappemonde. This is preserved in the liiblioth^que Nationale at Paris ; and it originally belonged to the library of Charles V. in the Louvre. It is "en langue romane catalane du xivc siicle." It represents the known world from the Canaries to Catayo ; but Dr. Kohl only gives the Canary Islands and the adjacent coast. It is given in full with a Key in Sophus Ruge's Geschkhte cies Zeitalters dcr Entikckitngen, iSSi ; also in Mannscrits de la Diyiothhjue du /iVvCetc, Paris, vol. xiv. Part 2, p. i; in Santarem's /4//(U (pl. 31, 40) ; Lelewel's Atlas (pl. xxix.); St. Martin's Atlas (pl. yii. no. I) ; and full size in facsimile in twelve sheets in Choix de Documents ghgraphiques comervis h la Bibl. Nat., Paris, 18S3. — XV. cent. Sant.irem gives three mappemondes of this cen- tury without definite date, — one in the Musee Bor- gia (pl. 24), one in the Medici library at Florence (pl. zd], and the other as given by La Salle. Lele- wel (pl. XXXV.) gives a map of the world as belong- ing to a MS. of Sallust at Geneva. Ongania, at Venice, published in fSSi, a fac-rimile described as a " Planisfero del niondo conosciuto (in lingua catalana) di anonimo del xv secolo," from an original preserved in the Biblioteca nazionale at Florence. — A. D. I4IO. A planisphere of Pierre d'Ailly is given in Santa- rem (pl. 15) and in Lelewel (i)l. xxviii.). It is de- scribed in Santarem's Hist. J* la Carlugrafhit, Iii., 301. 17. A. D, 14..? Juan da Napoli's Portolano. This gives only the .Atlantic islands from a i)orto- lano, which Kohl thinks represents the knowledge of a time not hmg after 1400. It belongs to an Atlas made in Venice, which is among the Egerton MSS. in the Uritish Museum, whose catalogue, says Kohl, assigns the atlas to 1498. " Ilia da Brazil " is repre- sented off the coast of Ireland. — A. D. 1417. A maj) of the world belonging to a manuscript of PomiJonius Mela in the library at Kheims. The earth is within a circle, with the ocean sur- rounding it; and the Mediterrane.in, extending into the land, i.i as usual the prominent feature. It is given by Jomard, Atlas (pl. xiii.), as of the fifteenth century; and is also in Santarem, Atlas (pl. 22); Lelewel, Atlas (pl. xxxiii.); St. Martin, Atlas (pl. vi. no. 6). — A. D. 1424. Santarem (pl. 41) gives a "Carte de la biblio- thiquc de Weimar." — A. D. 1426. A portolano of a Venetian hydrographer Giacomo Giraldi is preserved in the Biblioteca Marciana at Venice. It was reproduced at Venice in i88i by Ongania. 18. A. D. 1436. The Atlantic Islands by Andrea Bianco. 19. A. D. 1436. The world by Andrea Bianco. The original of no. 19 is preserved in the Biblio- teca Marciana at Venice. Kohl implies that No. 18 is not taken from no. 19, but follows an independent sea-chart by Bianco, in which thin portion of the large map was reproduced with the names "Antil- lia," etc. inserted, while they were omitted in the larger map, — at least Lelewel omits them, whose engraving Kohl follows. There is a " Carta nau- tica" by Bianco, dated 1448, preserved in the Biblio- teca Ambrosiana at Milan, and of this a fac-simile was issued by Ongania at Venice in 1881. Map no. 19 is given in full iii Lelewel {pl. xxxii.) and in Santarem (pl. 23,43); and other references are given in Winsor's Bibliography of Ptolemy's Geog- raphy, sub ar.no 1478. Blanco's views are of interest in early American cartography from the deductions which some have drawn from the configuration of the islands " Antil- lia" and "De la man Satanxxio," — two islands on its western verge, — that they ropresent Pre-Colum- bian discovery of South and North America. Hum- boldt, Crit. Untersiichungen, i. 413, 416, has discussed this question, and pointed out that an island " Anlil- lia " had earlier appeared on a map of 1425, and Davezac finds much earlier references to such an island. Santarem {.Hist, de la Cartographies &c., liL 366, has fully described Blanco's work. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. — A. t). 1439. — A. I). 1447. This is (Icscrihcd in a fac-simlle iMtied hv r)n. Rania at Venice in iHS,, as a " |.lanisfc ., te ?cJ/rJ z"na!c**:t/>l„r'cnkr'*^'"" " '" ""' "'''""'-'» '^^ IxjIcwcI, in his /:/i'.Ww, p. 167 refer* »n ^ r^,,^ 290. who confirms -he .late. 144 .s Jv.n Cy I dc we ' though bantarem. //„/. ,/. /a CartoJ:, iii. p/xix ^ it aO. A. D. 14.8. The world by Giovanni I aardo. f, I if ] T' ^""^ ^'■°'" '""•*' »f 'he aaincs, whic!^ fill It; but Santarcn, (,.1. .5) gives it with the .ame^ 1 he map ,s ai V.ccnza, where it was discovered f S or fifty vcars avu w M 1 ,,,..; ,t l. . '. ^ kno% n to he preserved in Ma.lrid in i 07 his n„t . ince hecn traced. I.elewel. CWo,. ,/„ A&X or fifty ^ears ago by M. Lj^^^i; 'H s^nu;;;^' !/;:::; was ishued at Venice in i88o by Ongania, with the rtO};raphic, etc., iii ed a" date of 1452. — A. D. c. 1450. A fac-simile of this map preserved in the Miiseo Comunale at M.intua. issued at Venice by Ong" .ia m 1 88 1 describes it .is a " I'ortoiano mcmbranic . di anonimo dell' anno 1450 (circa)." "''■'"'''*'?-"-''J — A. D. A ing MSS- sea-chart by nartolomcus dc P.nrcto, show- "Roilb.'"/'' *"""'. ^" ''"•'""I f^'^'her west' named Koillo I am not aware that any copy of it has been published. Cf. Winsor's Biblls. J J'lJy's C^f^i'-., sub anno 1478. '^ jmiemys 21. A.D. 1460. The world by Pra Mauro. ted Marcfina! '' ''''""^^'1 ^' Venice, in the IJibiio- It is circuhar and the delineation of Asia is better than on preceding maps. Kohl s.ays tl at Ma ro knew the works of the Italian and Arabhu, ccorr raphers, and the marine charts of the "o t"S which were given to him by Don Alonzo V. ^ ' Ur. Kohl sp-aks of the most exact copy made of It by order of Lord Ilobart in 1804, and of the r" production given by Vincent in cJ™ wAVz^: SaUon of the Ancients, n>)y and 1807. He th nks it was finished in 1460. It is given by .Santa em ?., 43-4?) with the dates ,459 ..^,d 1460^. Lelewd ' ^ff "•). l''^<^<=s " '457-59. Riige'in hisSX des Zc.talters der Iintdeckun^ra,° m^^ gj^es it and dates It 1459. A j)hotographic fac-simile hsicd at Venice in 1877. by Miintter (Ongania? ale ' Mcf and St. Martin (pi. vii. no. 3) follows this facim^le' — A. i). 1475. — A. D. 1476. A portolano of Andreas Ileninca.sa, elven In St — A. n 14S:!. r,„Mi''i 'V-'^'TST"''""' '" "'e edition of Ptolemv pui.ished at Ulm. represents " Kngroneland " ^s Mretcinng from northwestern Europe^ it^s JX the map was made before 1471. ^ "'^ — A. I), i486. What is known .is the Laon glob* , thoueh dated 149.1, re,>,cs.nts rather the knowled/ of &s i.nc cJT'' ''"'-^"'.'i^" •-'•'* an isUnd'o. the Norwav coast, an( has an island, " Antcla." l-,vczac .ive^ (7,W/».. (,S6o , XX. 4,7, Cf. also Davezac on the I cs fantastniues " of the middle ages in the ^^'livelles Annates des royages, 1845. *" ^ 22. A. D. 1489. The Atlantic Islands by Chris- tofalo Soligo. ,, Jhe original is preserved among the Ecerton MSS. in tfie Uritisl, Museum, in a portola^fo of cifeient Venetian map-maker..' Ther^ is o hte but 1489 IS given in the Catalogue of the Museum as the ai.proximate date of the collection. ^ r,i>.'^ 11'''? ""= '^hart based on that of I3enincasa (46J. which he says is in his collection, but no co^ • Set' 7u T<' T- ^\'"i"'ia" is called " Y ,1^ Sete /itadc, and is put west of the A/ore^ and liTs f;ds" "'^" ''^ "'"^'^^^ '-'"'1- various faS — A.D. 7467-I471. SaS';,^ (p'rS4)r"^^'°^° ^^"'"-"' fi!-n in — A. D. 1474. sen?tn ro"? ""^1'^ "'^ Italian geographer. Toscanelli, sent to Columbus, and which influenced him, though 23. A. n. 1490. Portuguese map of the world. treTtke^M^s?' ''.K''"'Jf'''', '" ^ -"■"'" theological treatise (Ms.) m the lintish Museum, and because It marks the e.vtent of the I'ortuguos'e explora ion res il s t VnV'Tn '^^P' ''""' ''"^'^ ""' "how t"e aS . L H ''•'' *^'".T''t '■"^■•'•S'^' '^"hl places .t aoout 1490. lie says the language of the man it S, s^h?:'^' T' '" p-t^ft^-n.andi:::"^„^ elusion IS n at It IS the work of an K.-lian settled in Lisbon. The western shore of Africa is give wi h approximate correctness, _ „n,ch better than n Tanv earlier map. A long peninsula at the norti" vcs o? Tuirope, though without name, seems to correspond to what IS called in other maps Greenland ' 1 suppose It to be the map given "for the firs^ time " m Santarem (pi. 50). "' — A. D. 1492. The Globe of Ilehaim, preserved at Nuremberg sailiw'of'r'^' ^T '^■V»^'<-'>1«^- '-^t the timeTtfe sail ng of Columbus, though Feschel {Ze,t„/ters der Lntdeekunsen, ,858, p. 90) allows Behaim to have 1527. has nut 8 given in St. I nmitiorum. given In St. xAxiv.). A p. 26. »nd, und the of Ptolemy neianci " as >(' it is said otigh dated f this time, lie Norway I'czac cives ' SodiU de 'avczac on iges in the by Chris- e Egerton rtolano of s no date, ►luseum as Benincasa It no copy J " Y. do !ore^, and iuus fabu- leological 1 because ploration show t' e places .t e map is 1 ins con- icttlcfl in ven with m in any ;h\vcst of rrespond the first eniberg, ; of the Itos der to have THE KOHI. COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. l)ccn l)iit a mediocre cosmograpbcr. Reproduction* of it arc given in .S.intari.ii> (pi. 61) and in .St. Mar- tin (pi. ix.j, and in other nl.ux-N ni'^ntioncd in '.Viii- iior's lUhliog. ■ copy of it was nude for the Depot Cjcugraphi(|ue at Paris. 24. A.n. 1493. Map in the Nuremberg Cbroulole. This is a sketch from the map in Ilartmann •Schcdel's Liber Chroniairum, usual I v known as the "Nuremberg Chronicle," having been published in that city. The map preserves the old idea of the connection of Africa and Asia enclosing the Indian Sea. 25. A. I). 1497. VaBoo da Oama's route. Dr. Kohl includes this modern map, in which Da Gama's rio,i^. e bihlio};. dvlla Soc. f:^i-o-^'. italiana, ii. 94 ; Santarem, in Bull, dc la iiocghn;. de rat is, 1847, i. p. 312. THE TWO AMERICAS. 26, 27. A i:. 7500. Juan de la Cosa. These duplicate maps represent ihe American parts of the La Cosa map now at Madrid. Kohl copies the representation of it given in connection with Humboldt's essay appended to Chillany's Riltcr Martin lichaiin. ( 1853). Humboldt had earlier given the American parts in his Exainrn Critii/iu; vol. v. (1839), but not very accuvately. The best reproduc- tion of the whole map is in Jomard's Aflas, pi. 16, .ind there are reductions from Jomard in .Stevens's ///r/. and Geog. Notes, 1869, pi. i, and (with refer- ences) in the A'arr. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. p. 8. Other reproductions of the American part arc in Lelewel's Atlas, no. 41, and in De b Sagra's Cuba. Cf. Winsor's Dibliog. of Ptolemy's Geo:;., sub anno 1508; the App. to'lrv'ing's Columbus and Enrique de Lcguina's Juan de la Cosa, Estudio Bio- grdfico, Madrid, 1877. — AD. 1501-1505. A Portuguese chart of this date is supposed to be given in the map of the 1513 Ptolemy (see/y.r/, no. 32). Another in th.it preserved at Munich, which is given bv Kunstmann in his Atlas, pi. iii., and by Kohl in his Discimeiy of Maine, p. 174. A chart resembling these two has been found in the- posses- sion of the Este family in Modena, on which the exact date of 1502 is given. It is described, with a tacr.imile, in Harrisse's Cortereals : and is also re- ferred to in his Caiols, pp. 143, 158. The map as- cribed to fcJ'o R»,'nel Is also at Munich, and is likew>«(, given by Kuiutmann; but there is strong ground ■ >r ' uspectiiig it to be of considerably earlier ti.itc, ji, ■ . antcd.iting Cabot. Cf. .efe c.iccs in WiiMur a jj..' . ... o/J'toltrnj/'s Geog., sub anno 1508. I'cicr Martvr mention* a chart said to have been made for the I'ortuguese by Vcspucius, which is rot now known, Santarci has pointed out that the narrative of Corsal in Kamusio shows tint charts were often sent from lortugal during these years to the Portuguese anib'*.ssador in Rome. 28. A. D. I c^S. Ruysoh in the Ptolemy of 1908. Dr. Kohl refers to Humboldt's introduction to Ghillanv 's Martin liehaim ; Walckenaer's Reeherehes gi'oi;rap/iii/ues siir I'/nterieiir de VAfrique seftentriih nale, and the Hioijraf'hie Universclle, vi. 207. There arc reproductions of the map in Santarem, Lelewel, imuI in varifis other places named in Win- sor'.s Jiiblioj,'. vf Ptolemy's Geo}^., sub anno 1508. An original copy of the map is in Harvard College li- brary. A section of the northern part is given in \.\\e. Journal of the Amer. Geog. Act/c/)', vol. xii. p. 179. Cf. Stevens's Pibliotlieea Geoi;., no. 3058. It is thought that Ruysch used Columbus's d.aughts. Harrisse, A'otes on Columbus, p. 56, thinks Ruysch's map is referred to by Johannes Trithemus in a letter, Aug. 12, 1507 (published in his Epistolae Familiares, 1536), in which he complains that he could not af- forcl to purchase a map of the new world for forty florins. — - A. D. 1510-1512. The Lenox globe, preserved in the Lenox library in New York, of which dr.awing3 are given in the Mag. of Amer. Hist., Sept. 1S79; Ency. Bril., x, 681, etc. ; and jVarr. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. p. 2t " — A. D. 1511. A carta nautica of Salvat de Pilestrina of Majorca, preserved in the archives of the Ministry of War in Munich. Cf. Kunstmann, Die Entdeckung Amcrikas, p. I. '9; Thomas, Der Periplus des J'ont.' Eux., p. 7 ; and Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy's Geography, sub anno 1508. 29,30. A. D. 1511. In Sylvariua'8 Ptolemy No. 29 is the western half of this cordiform map ; no. 30 gives the whole map, with mi rrors cor- rected in pencil by Dr. Kohl. The map is given in Lelewel (pi. xlv), and there are vaiious references in Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptole- my's Geography, sub anno i^ii. Kohl's drawings are taken from the Grenville copy on vellum In the Uritish Museum ; and he points out how the contour of South Americi is the same as that of the Ruysch map, while Cuba is completed as an island, and Greenland is restored to its earlier connection with Europe. Cf. Zurla, Marco Polo, ii. 358. — A.n. 1511. The map lescriK \ b) D'/ I'C/ac in his Atlas hy- drographiqne de 151 1 du geiiois Vesc'tte de Maggiolo, Paris, 1871, originally i ■ Bulletin de la Soc. Ghg. de Paris, 1870, p. 404. The original is in the collection of Don Riccardo Hercdia in Madrid, having been bought by him at public sale in Paris in 1870 for i^x> uancs. It is inscribed " Vescoute de Maiolo lO THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. civis Janue composuy in Neapoles de anno iqu die Jtx January." It shows America fron. Labrador to Cape St. Augustine. Cf. IJesimoni in Gioniale Li- gtisUco, n. 52 ; Studi Biog. e Bibliog. della Soc. geoi^. itiL, 11. p. 106, and references to the cartographical work of Maggiolo (Maiolo) in Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptole- my s Ceog., sub anno 1511. — A.D. 151 1. Peter Martyr's map of the West India islands and adjacent coast was published with his first Decade, Legatio Babylonica, at Seville, and has been repro- duced in various places. Cf. Winsor's BMio!^'. of Ptolemy's Geog., sub anno 1513. Few copies of the ongnial are known. Harrisse is inclined to think that it does not belong to Peter Martyr's book, be- cause three copies in the original vellum, which he has examined, do not have it. Cf. Stevens, Bibl. Geog., no. 2954. Brevoort, Verrazano, p. 102, thinks Its publication may have been offensive to the Span- ish government, which might consetiuently have sup- pressed it. The later editions of 1516 and 1530 have no map Brevoort adds that no official map of America ^■as. printed \\\ Spain till 1790. The Cabot map of 1544 seems to have been compiled from Spanish sources ; but it is not known where it was published ; and that l)ut a single copy is saved to us may also signify that it was suppressed by Sjjanish influence. Tlie map of Medina in 1545 was a mere sketch. 31. A. D. 1 51 2. Stobnicza. A facsimile of the rare map belonging to Johannes de Stobnicza's Jntroductio in Cliuidii Ptli 'lo'hiei Cos- mofirat^hid, Cracovia, 151 2. Kohl used the copy in the Munich library. There are other coi)ies now known, and for notes of these, and other references, see Winsor's Hibliog. of Ptolcmv's Grogniphv, sub anno 1512. There are facsimiles of the liiap in whole or in part in the Caito-Bro-.^'u Catalo^ie, A'an: and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. 13; and in Daly's Ad- dress on Early Cartography, p. 32. — A. D. 1512-14. A sketch of the northern and southern hemi- spheres, of four gores each, in the Queen's collec- tion at Windsor, and ascribed by R. II. Mr lor, in the ArchiFologia, vol. xl., to Leonardo da \'inci, and placed under 1512-1514. Wieser, in his Mai^alhdes. Strasse, gives it a modern hemispherical projection, and puts it in 1515-1516. It h.-is lately been asserted that It is not the work of Da Vinci. Cf. J. 1'. Rich- ter's Da Vinci. 32. A. D.I 513. In the Strasbourg Edition of Ptolemy. This is the " Tabula Terre nove " of tliis edition, and Kohl points out that the names on the Soutli American coast are carried no farther west than the extent of the voyage of Hojeda in 1499, and no far- ther south than Vcspucius went in 1503, while the connection, which is made between the lunhcrn and .southern continents, must have been based on reports, without particulars. This map, supposed to have been in some way connected with Columbus's own charts is often called " the admiral's map," and its connection with. Cabra! and Vesp'- ins has also been sii|iposed. The maker of the map w.is Waldseemiiller or Ifylacomylus, and Lelewel (ii. 143) gives reasons for bclievin' that it had been engraved and sold as early as 1507, having been made at the expense of Duke Rene II. ; but he plate does not seem to have been used in any book till in this 1513 edition of I'tolemy. Lelewel supposes It to be in effect a Portuguese chart made in 1 501-1504, and engraves it as such (pi. 4^) and it IS known that La Cosa complained of the I'ortu. guese frequenting the coast in x^ox Facsimiles of the map are given in Varnhagen'; Premier Voyai^e de Vespucct ; Stevens's Hist, and Geog Notes, pi 2 and Narr. and Crit. /list, of Amer.,iy. p. 3 4'/ C'f ' the references in Winsor's BMiog of PtdAnyV Gea-r' sub anno 1513. -^ -^ "'"^.-i Of the other map in this Ptolemy, " Orbis typus im.versa Ks," kohl gives no copy ; but'a facsimile c^n be found in Ruge's GesehelUe des Zeitalters der Ent- deekungen, Berlin 1881. It shows a part of South America, with the i.slands "Lsabella" and "Spa- gnolla, with a bit of coast to the north which seems to represent the Cortereal regions. Greenland pro- jects from Luro])e. ^ Cf. D'Avczac's Afartin j7vlacomvliis Walfzemiiller .w 01,7'rages et ses Collabora/enr.^,' Vans, 1S67. — ex' traded from the Anuales des Voyages, 1866. — A. D. 1514. A map (12 gores of a globe) found in a copy of thcCosmoi;r<'ph'ae/,,trod,^ctu,, Lugduni, and engraved in a Catalogne of Tross, the Paris booksellerT iSSi Ilarnsse, in his Cabofs, p. ,82, has ascribed it to Louis Boulenger. Cf. Winsor's Bibliog of Ptolemy's o^^'.f., sub anno 1522. -^ — A. D. 1 5 14-1520. A Portuguese portolano given in Kunstmai.n's At- ''"', •'';,. 'V.' '"'^'. I" -"itevens's Aotes, pi. v. Cf. Win- sor s BMwg oj Ptolemy's Geog, sub anno 1522. 33. A. D. 151 5. Reisch's Margarita Philoso- phica. A f.-icsimilc of the map in this book, which was pub , shed at Strasbourg in 15,5. Kohl used a cojw 111 the library at Munich. The name " Zoanainela ^• IS gr :-n to North America, borrowed. Kohl thinks, ion. uie Paew no7 near the est in quo fuerunt in- ropy dated . " the only known copy in which the map is to be found." The edition of 1515 had the map above noticed. (Har- risse, Dii. Am. Vet. no. 82 ; Additions, no. 45, noting copy in the Imperial library at Vienna.) That of 1517 (Basle) has a woodcut map which is still differ- ent. (Bcckford Catalogue, iii. no. 1256.) Not till 153s did any edition have any reference in the te.\t to America. Bib. Am. Vet. no. 208. The latest edition was in 1583, which was published at Basle. It has a map of the world showing America. (Leclerc, no. 2926.) It is priced at 25 marks and £,T. — A. D. I519. Portolanoby Maiollo figured in Kunstmann's Atlas (pi. v.), in Santarem, and in Thomas's Dcr Periplus des Pont. Eiix. It shows the Atlantic coast and the line of demarcation. Cf. Sliidi I'iog. e 'log. dclla Soc. geog. ital. ii. p. 109; Atti Soc. ligiire, 7, p. 92; Kohl, Die beidcn GcncrallMrtcn 30, 146; Dcsimoni in Giornale ligustico, ii. p. 54. Enciso, in the dedication of his Siima de Gcogra- fhia, Seviila, 1519, mentions a map which he had made to elucidate his text for Charles I. (Charles v., later) ; but it is not now known. 34. A. D. 1520. The Frankfort Globe. Only the American parts, with Japan, (Zipangu) are given of a globe preserved at Frankfort-on-the- Main. Kohl conjectures the date to be 1520 because of its correspondence with a globe of that dale made by Schciner, and he suspects this may also be the work of that globe-maker, while Wiescr, in his Magalhius-Strasse [\>. 19), where an engraving of it is given, declares it to be the globe made to accom- pany Schoner's Litadentissima qiiadam Terra totiiis Descriptio, printed in 1515, and of which two copies are now known. This at Frankfort, of which Jo- mard (pi. 15) gives a drawing, and another at Wei- mar. Cf. references in Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy' s Ceog., sub anno 1522. 35. A. D. 1520. Schouer's Globe. Only the American portion is given, but without comments. The globe is jireserved at Nuremberg, and there are representations of it given in Kohl's Geseliie/ite der Eiitdee.ktiugsreiscn zitr Alagetlan's- Strasse, Berlin, 1877, p. 8 ; in Harper's AAigazine, Dec. 18S2, p. 731 ; in Ghillany's Martin Behaivt, Santarem, Lelewel, Wieser, etc. Cf. references in Winsor's Bibliog. if Ptolemy's Geog., sub anno 1522. 36. A. D. 1520. In Camera's Edition of Solinua. This cordiform map is by I'etrus Apianus (or Bienewitz, as he was called in his vernacular), ap- peared in the Polyhistoria of Solinus, edited by the Italian monk, Camcis, and also in 1522 in the De Orbis Situ of I'omponius Mela, published by Vadianus. There are facsimiles of this map in the Carter- Brown Catalogue, and in Santarem's Atlas. Cf. references in Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy's Geography, sub anno, 1522. 37. A. n. 1522. in the Ptoiemy of 1522. The map " Orbis Typus Universalis," signed " L. F.," showing part of .South America and Cuba, the whole of " SpagnoUo," and no other part of Amer- ica; "Islandia" (Iceland) being placed off the point of Norway, and '■ Gronland" being shown as a pro- jection of Europe. The name America is on South America. Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy's Geog., sub anno 1522. This map of Laurentius Frisius was repeated without change of date in the Ptolemy of 1525, and again in that of 15^5. Kohl does not include in this collection another map of this 1522 Ptolemy, called "Tabula terre novo,'' which is a re-engr:'ving of the map numbered 32, ante. Also repeated in the 1525 and 1535 editions. — A. D. 1524. Two small majis in Apian's Cosmographicus liber, published at Landshut. Cf. Harrisse, Bibl. Am. Vet. no. 127, and Additions, p. 87. The edition of 1529 (B, A. V no. 148) has annotations by Gemma Frisius, a jiupil of Apian ; and in the same year his Co.'jiiographia: introdiietio (1529) is an abridgment of I ■ large work (B. A. V. no. 149). The Ant- werp edition (1528) of the Cosmog. liber has no map. There were other editions at Venice in 1533, and at Antwerp in 1534. {B. A. V. nos. 148, and Addi- tions, nos. 88, 100, 106.) Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy, sub anno 1540; and Harrisse, A'otes on Columh;s, p. 174. The Premontre globe of about this date. Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy, sub anno 1540. — A. D. 1525. Harrisse, Bib. Am. Vet. no. 133, cites the Yslegung der Mer-Carthen or Cartha Marina, and ascribes it to Laurentius Frisius. It has two large maps. Kohl gives a portion of the northeast coast of America (later to be mentioned). The 1530 ed., Underweidung und Atislegung der Cartha Marina, published at Strasburg (iff. A. V. no. 158), has no maps. — A. D. 1526. A map by the Monk Franciscus, figured in Lele- wel, pi. 46, showing North America as a part of Asia. The original is called "Hoc orbis hemisphae- rum cedit regi llispanias." It appeared in the De orbis situ ac descriptione Francisei epistola. Cf. Har- risse, Bib. Amer. Vet. no. 131, where it is put under 1524. 38. A. D. 1527. The so-called Hernando Colon map. The original (on parchment) is anonjinous, and in the Gr.iiul-Ducal library at Weimar, and is dated at Seville in 1527. During the si.xteenth and seven- teenth centuries it h.ad been kept in Nuremberg. Kohl, as has been the custom, assigns it to Ferdi- nand Columbus, but Harrisse dismisses his and other claims, and is inclined to ascribe it to Nuno Garcia de Toreno. Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy's Geog., i,wh 3.\\no 1540, for references. It shows the line of demarcation, as established between Spain and Portugal, or rather the Spanish view regarding that vexed question. Kohl later published a fac- simile of the American parts of this map in his Die beiden dltesten Gencralkarten von Amerika, Weimar, i860. 39. A. D. 1527. Robert Thome's map. Thi.? map was made by an English merchant, living in Seville, who sent it to England, where it was published by Ilakluyt in his Divers Voyages i 12 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. in 1382, and is reproduced in the Ilakluyt Society's edition of that jjook; and for the American portion m the Nar aud Cm. Hist, of America, iii. 17, and in Brown s Cape Breton, p. 22, Thorne professes to have discovered the secrets " of the licensed map- makers of Spam. ^ Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. 0/ Ptolemy, sub anno 1540. — A. D. 1527. A map by Maiollo, preserved in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana at Milan, which is in part figured in Desimoni s Giovanni Verrazzano, 3d app., Genoa, 1882; and in the ATarr. ami Crit. Hist. 0/ America, vol. IV. Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy's Geotr! o" _?"?° 1540. The date has been altered to 1587! iitudt biog. e bibUog. delta soc. geog. ital., 1882, ii. pp. "3> IS4' — A. D. 1527. The Studi biog. e bibliog. della soc. geog ital. ii p 113 and ^/// J,,,, ligure 1867, p. 174, refer to a map of Baptista Agnese of this date in the British Mu- seum; but the date is earlier than is usually assicned to this cartographer. Cf . Winsor's Bibliog of Ptolemy's Of(^5'., sub anno 1540. -^ The Sttidi, etc., ii. p. ,14, also cites a carta nautica of about 1527, preserved in the Biblioteca Laurenziana, at Florence, which shows the east coast from Labrador to the Straits of Magellan 40. A. D. 1528. The world by Coppo. The original belongs to a rare book called : Pc tolaiw delli Lochi maritimi ed isole de Mar . . con fosto per Piero Coppo, Venctia, 1528, of which there IS a copy in the Grenville Collection, British Mu- seum. Ihe representation, which fills two pages of the book, IS different from any other. Amenca is represented by a large group of islands, of which Mondo Novo" (South America) is the most exten- sive. Cf. Zurla, Pra Mauro, p. 9, and his Marco ^^'^^^\K?^^:' ^f="'"«se, Bib. Am. Vet., no. 144. The Kohl MS. in the Amer. Antiq. Soc. has another drawmg of the map, and it is sketched in the Narr. and^ Crit. Ilist. of America. Coppo refers to Columlins in a passage quoted by Harrisse AW., on Columlus, p. 56, from a citation m Morelh's Operette, i. 309. — A. D. 1528. (See no. 48.) The map of the world in Bordone's Lihro, later known as the Isolario. It is sketched in H. II. V.t^x\- crofts Central America, i. 144. Lclcwel (pi. 46) dates It 1521, since all the maps in the book are sup- posed to have been made then or earlier It w.ns reissued in 1533. C^f- references in Winsor's Biblio". of Ptolemy's Geog., sub anno 1540. 41, 42. A. D. 1529. Ribero'fl map. These copies give only the American parts of this I^^P/^^'^V- "'i''^'^ ^°'^' in these drawings copied the draft of it by Giisscfeldt. which was g"ven in a monograph by M C. Sprengcl, Obcr K'ibero's dlteste Welt-karte, published in 1795, which followed a cony at Jena, and which Kohl s.iys he- follows in lieu of something better. In iSfra, Kohl reproduced the Weimar f.ngjnal in his Di^ h>-idc=; altesfen Gc,:cral- Aartcn von America. The entire map is given in .Santarem; m Lelcwel, and in Riige's Geschichte dcs Zettalters der Lntdechm^qcn ( 1S83). There is another early copy m the Archivio del Collegio di Propa- ganda at Rome. Cf. the references in Winsor's B.blwg of Ptolemy's Geog.,^^xh anno 1540, and the B..ll.de la Soc. de Geog de Paris (.847),^ p. 309. .K- f Tm^ ^o "le Newfoundland region, Kohl hinks Kibero may have seen and used a map of efer", fn'rh™?'^' '". '5^6 by a Frenchman. This refers to Charlevoix's statement of a map made by Jehar. Denys; but Harrisse, Cabots, p.'^aso, prc^ nounces it "absolument apocryphe." A facsimik of an undated map of the Riberotype was pubHshed h. 1877!'''''"' ^°^""'"'="' '" the Cartas de Indias ^^t.t^'^'^?y' Plf."'sph.ere in the possession of the AtHnH." ^""'/'^ 'u"\''i '^^^"'"^ ^''"^s tl'e Whole Atlantic coast of both Americas, and on the Labra- dor coast has this legend: " Tierra que descobrio l^stevan Gomez este atio de 1525 por mandado de su m.n jestad." Cf. Studi biog e biblilg della Soc Jg. tal n. no. 412 ; Portioli, Cartee memorie geograAiche tn Mantova ( 1875), P- 24. &<:ograpnicne — A. D. 1529. A planisphere of Ilieronimus Verrazzano in the Museo Borgiano at Rome, which has been given in whole or in part in tlie monographs on Verrazano by /• C- Brevoort, II C. Murphy, and B. F. De Costa. ( f. Winsor s B,blwg of Ptolemy's Geog, sub anno 1540, and Stiidt biog e bibliog. della Soc. geog. ital. This same, .$•/«(//•, etc., ii. p. 116, quotes a carta nautica of this d.ite (1529) as being In the British Museum, aud ascribed to Baptista Agn«se. 43, 44. A. n. 1530. In the Sloane Mss., Brit Museum. The original is attached to a manuscript De Mn- cj'us astronon^:, and jjlaced by its Catalogile at about 1530. There is no date on the map, but the inscription on the coast above Florida is: "Terra l-ranciscana nujjer lustrata," which .nay refer to Verrazano or Cartier; if to Cartier the elate would be I 536 or later North America is a continuation of Asia eastward. South America is cut off by the bottom of the map at 40O; but an inscription at that point says : " I lie ultra 55 g extendit." 'fhe map is \ery like the cordiform map of Orontius F-inseus re- duced to a plane. It is also in Kohl's MS. in the Amer. Antiq. Society's library. 45. A. D. 1530. Diego r"omem. The original, among Lord Lumley's (d. 1600) maijs in the British Museum, is noteworthy from the west coast of the two Americas having no defined or supposable limit, the green color of the Continent simply fading away. The eastern coast is of the Ribero type The only names are " Timististan " (Mexico) and "Mundus Novus " (South America). 46. A. D. i53t. The world by Fin^ua. The original is an engraved map in the Paris (1532) edition of the Nmnts Orbis, usually ascribed to GryiiKus. This map, of which the title is " Nova et Integra universi orbis descriptio," is of a double cordiform projection, divided at the equator. The author of It is Orontius Fiiuxus, or Oronce Fine, who dates it July, 1 531, in a dedication to Christina UclUcI, who bore tiie expense of its production, urtclius III Ins list mentions this map as "Orbis ter- rarum tyjius, sub forma cordis huniani." This edi- tion of the A'm'us Orli; iias sometimes another map : but this IS the proj.tr (-ae. Cf. Bib. Am, Vet., nos. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 13 172, 173; and references in Winsor's Bibliog. of Ftolemy, sub anno 1 540. The same map is in the 1540 edition of I'omponius Melu. Cf. Bib. Am. Vet. Additions, no. 127. — A. D. 1532. The map by Miinster in the Dasle edition of the NiTvus Orliis, of which there are facsimile!- in the Narr. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii., and in Stevens's Notes, pi. IV. no. 4. It was .repeated in the 1537 and 1555 editions of the Nrn'tis Orliis. Cf. Winsor's Bililiog. of Ptolemy s Geog., sub unno 1 540. A inappcmode by liartolomeo Olives, with other maps of Central and South America, contained in an Atlas in the Royal University Library at Pisa. Cf. Studi biog. e bibliog. delta Soc. geog. italiana, ii. no. 414. 47. A. D. 1534. America. An engraved map published in Venice Dec. iS34i with the title, La Carta tinivcrsale delta terra ferma td isole dclle Indie occidentali. It purports to be compiled from two marine charts, made in Seville by pilots of the Emperor. Kohl thinks the author drew from the charts of the Spanish h>-drographi' al bureau as Ribcro did, whose map it rescnibics. Kohl errs in saying that the Burmudas appear here for the first time on an engraved map, since they appeared in 151 1 in the engraved Peter Martyr map. The coast from Paria to New England is called " Indie occidentali ; " South America is called "MondoNuovo — Terra Ferma." A large part of the western coast of South America (Chili and Peru) is left blank. The western coast of North America above Central America is omitted. The only known copy of this map is in the Lenox Library ; it is reproduced in Stevens's Notes. Cf. full refer- ences in Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy's Geog., sub anno 1540. 48. A. D. 1 534. The world by Bordone. An engraved map on an elliptical projection in the Isolario de Benedetto Bordone, published in IS34' What seems to stand for the Gulf of Mexico is bounded on the north by a projecting " terra del laboratore," and on the south by a larger peninsula, called " Monde Novo." (Sec sub no. 40.) — A. D. 1534. A map of the Ribero type in the Ducal library at Wolfenbiittel. Cf. Harrisse's Cabots, p. 185. Santarem, Bidl. de la Soc. de Geog., vii. 322, refers to a globe at Weimar of this date. 49. A. D. 1534. The world. An engraved map of an elliptical projection, in- scribed : "Tiguri Anno M.D.XXXIIII." It re- sembles the map in the I5asle, 1532, edition of the Nozms Orbis, but omits the islands on the eastern coast of America. Kohl does not trace its origin. 50. A. D. 1535. The world in the Ptolemy of 1535. It gives of America only the northeast corner of South America and the eastern coast of what is apparently Newfoundland or Labrador It is called " Tabula Nova Orbis," and was repeated in the Lyons edition of 1541. "Gronlanda" is made a long narrow prt)montory stretching southwest from the northwestern extremity of Europe. 51. A. n. 1536 (?). The world. The original is an undated MS. in the Bodleian Library, of an elliptical projeclitm. The dotted line given for the Chili coast, and the indications of Pizarro's conquest of Southern Peru, induce Kohl to place it between 153d and 1536. It resembles the delineation in the American parts of the maps of Uaptista Agncse of about this date. A similar outline is given in the Turin Atlas (1530-1 i;4c), of which Wuttke gives an outline in the Jahresbericht des Vereins fiir Erdkimde in Dres- den, 1870. Still another of a like contour is given in colored facsimile by Peschel in the Jahresbericht des Verein: fiir Erdkunde in Leipzig, 187 1. 52. A. D. 1536. The world by Baptista Agnese. The original is a manuscript map of an elliptical projection preserved in the British Museum, marked : "Bapt. Agnese Venetiis, 1536." The western and northern coasts of North America arc vaguely drawn by a dotted line, and so is the coast of C'mH. A course from Spain to the Isthmus, and so down the South American coast to Peru, is represented by a pricked line, as is also the route of Magellan's ship round the world. The La Plata river is developed with branches. Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy's Geog., sub anno 1540, for references. A sketch of the map is given in the Narr. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. p. 40. — A. D. 1536. An anonymous atlas of eleven charts, showing in one North America and the Moluccas, and in another South America and Africa, has been recently dis- covered in Padua ; and is now in Venice. Cf. Studi biog. e biblioi^. delta Soc. geog. ital. ii. p. 1 20. An anonymous atlas of twelve charts in the pos- session of Nicolo Barazzi in Venice, of which no. 3 is the P.icific and the coast of America; no. 4 is America; and no. 12 the world. It lormerly be- longed to the Erizzo family in Venice. Cf. Studi, etc., ii. p. 128. — A. D. 1538. A heart-shaped map of Mercator, of which the only copy known belongs to Mr. J. Carson Brevoort of Brooklyn. Cf. Bull, of the Amer. Geog. Soc. 1878, p. 196. — A. D. 1539. This date is assigned to .an atlas commonly cited as the Atlas de P/iilip/'e II., didi^ h Charles Quint, but which is more correctly defined in the title given to a photographic reproduction, Portulano de Charles Quint donnS i\ Philippe II. accompagne cPune notice par yl/J/. F. .Spitzcr et Ch. Wiener, Paris, 1875. Major is inclined to believe it the work of Baptista Agnese. A copy of this facsimile is in Harvard College Li- brary. Malte-Brun describes the map in the Bull, de la Soc. Gc'og. de Paris, 1876, p. 625. Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy's Geog., sub anno 1540. Plate Iv. shows the two Americas, and is of the Agnese type. Plate XIII. shows the eastern coast of Nortli America of the Ribcro type, and the whole of South America, with the coast of Chili, is left out. Plate XIV. shows North America, with the west coast drawn up to California, but parts of the east and west coast of South America are left out. H THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. — A. D. 1540. The " typus universalis " of Miinster in the Ptoleinv of this date. Cf. VVinsor's liibiio^. of PtoUmy'^ Oiog., sub anno 1 540. — A. D. 1540. The Dew world by MUnster. See no. 58. The sa.iie plate was often used dur- ing this century, particularly in Miinster's publica- tions; with the names of the countries inserted in the block in tliiferent type, sometimes in Gcrmar, sometimes m Latin. Cf.Winsor's Biblioir. ofPlolem/s Geof: sub anno 1540. There is a reduced facsimile of this map m the Narr, and Crit. Hiit. cf America, vol. IV. p. 41. "^ ' — A. D. 1540. The Antwerp edition of Apian's Cosmos'raphia has a map reproduced in Lelewel's Mown dn-, pi. 46. ,;:« ,V^''u'? *''.'•'. '544 (I'rcnch), 1545 (Latin), and 1548 (Spanish) editions. 53, 54. A. D. 1 541. The new world in the Ptolemy of 1541. Similar to the maps in the editions of 1511 and 15 13; but on a large scale, except that " Parias "a name given by Columbus to the northern coast of South America is here transferred to what is shown of North America. No. 54 is a less perfect copy. — A. D. 1541. Engraved gores of a mappemode by Mcrcator. Cf Winsor's DMwg. of PMcmy's Gcog., sub anno •S4''» witn references. 55. A. D. 1542. America by Rotz. " 7}"" p"?'"?'- '? "\ '"^ ^^'^- '" "^'^ ""ti^'^ Museum, John Kotz his book of Hydrography." It shows the eastern parts of North America and all of South America (making an island of the eastern i)arts of iirazil) on a hemispherical projection. It shows a number of fabulous islands in the North Atlantic An outward curve in the coast of Chili was coiiied' in many later maps. Cf. Winsor's B,Wo>r. of Ptolemy s G,og., sub anno 1 548, for references. ~ A. D. 1542. The Ulpius globe. Cf. Winsor's Bihlio^. of Jtolemyi G^ir., sub annis 1540 and i C4S, for refer- ence ; and also IN.i, for the " Mappcmonde Har- levenne, as Ilarrisse calls it, in the liritish Museum. Ihe map in Hunter's Rudimcuta Cosmoirrafi/iiai — much behind the time — and repe.-'.cd 'in i C46 and in other editions till 1561, when a better shape for America was adoiJted. A fac-simile is given of the 1542 map in Stevens's X<'Us. It resembles the map given in Jomard, ,,1. xviii., as "sur unc Cas- sette de a Collection Trivulci dite Cassettina all' Agemina.' 56. A. D. 1543. America by Baptista Agnese. r^t^l^ original is a manuscriiJt map in the Collection of the Duke of Gotha, signed, " Bajnisla Agnese fecit Venetiis 1543 die 18 Februarii." It shows the eastern coast from Labrador to the Straits of M.i- gcllan ; and the western coast, stopping just north ot the same Straits, is renewed at Southern Peru and extends to the upper verge of Central America! Ls^tM ''%;''"'e«" Ay Ion on the Carolina coast It IS pai ly reproduced in Kohl's Discovery L/Tf' •^'^- ^''' ^'"''' '''"■'''■ ' ^''''•^'X- "'«-''^" soc. Y,^- ''"'■' ''• P- '34. notes an atlas hvdrographitme showing the world and America) alsci in The H "1 l.bnary at Gotha There are various other Agnese maps of about this date. One, dated June 25. ,^ The Huh library is referred to in Hai^risse's^'c^/.^ p. 189; another in the Bibl oteca Laurcnziana -vt J lorence is dated Feb. ,2. In this char^no. 3 show he Pacific with America and the Moluccas- no/ the Atlantic with the American coast no. 1 •. is t general map, indicating the route of Magellan" Cf Smh, etc., 11. p. 131. One of 1544 is in the Rnva ld,,ary at Dresden, it is si^ne^at Veidce. Tf .?/W/, etc., 11. p ,32. Another of 1545 is in the Biblioeca Marc ana at Venice. Cf. Studi, e^c. ii! /^/ ,/■'"■- ^ references in Winsor's Biblio^r. of ^M^my s Geog., sub anno 1548. The Studi, etc, 5i. bb nfv n^M ■'"• 1 ^'"''? f''^' ('536-50) in the Royal nnnZi ^'""'<^ V =»■"' (P' '59) another in the Na- tional library at !• lorence as of the sixteenth century, contanung fifteen nautical maps, of which no. 2 shows the coasts ot the Pacific, and no. 3 the east coast of xVliiCrlCtli — A. D. 1544. M-ip by Ruscclli in the British Museum, drawn in part in Kohl s Discovery of Maine, p. 296, and inll H. liancroft's Cent. America, i. 148. Cf. Lelewel p. 170; and Peschel's Erdkunde, p. 37, ^'''^^^'='' C-,1,0? '" r;'"\7" ""•' "«"=\"y ^'«cribcd to Sebastian Cabot. Cf. Winsor's BMwg. of Ptolemy's Geoz., elc ir, 'It '■^^^^'=»"«i ^nd Studibiog.,bibtiog:, . The map of Aliinster's Cosmos^raphiu of this date IS reproduced in Santarem and Lelewel, pi. 46. 57. A. D. 1545. The world in the 1545 edition of Ptolemy. The map is by Sebastian Miinster. The same map was rc-engraved in the Ptolemy of 15 «. and in Munster's Cosmoj;raJ>/iia of 1534. ^^ ' 58. A. D. 1545. The new world by MUnster. \w£^fcfr 7|!-"^"'^^Y'\'"'-^P. Novus Orbis, in the Hasle, 1545, edition of Ptolemy. The same plate fir.^ appeared in the edition of 1540. (Sec that — A. D. 1546. The Pierre Dcsceliers map. usually called the "I lenri II. map." Cf. Winsor's Biblwl of Ptolemy's Ccog. for retcrences; also, Paul Gaffarel's B^^il J'ran(a,s, Pans 1S7S, p. 6; Guibcrt, Ville de Dieppe, d^ vv'y*> =1 ^^.^'-''-l,*'''"''? ",^" geographe franjais Sept 1876 ' '" '■ "^ '" '^''""' '^' ^'''^^'- 'i'^-l'^ris. The map of this date in Epitome of Vadianus. published in 154S. is given bv Santarem. ' The portolano of Johann.'Frcire. Cf. Ilarrisse's Labots, p. 220. — A. D. 1548. Maps no 59 and no. 60 in the Italian ed. of Pto emy. I oth represent North America as a par Asia iMit diffrrrnHy. Cf. Winsor's BM.o}. of 1 tolcmys Gcog No. 60. called " Carta Marina," w^ repeated m the Ptolemy of 1561. It is ske ched ?n the Narr. and Crit. J/ist. of America, iy. p 43 "'^ '" THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 15 on the Carolina Kohl's Discovery bihlioi;. Mlu soc. hydrographique so in the JJiu ,il s other Agncse 1 June 25, ill the iirrisse's Caliots, Laurcnziana at hart no. 3 shows Moluccas ; no. 4, ist ; no. 12 is a Magellan. Cf. is in the Royal •t Venice. Cf. 1545 is in the f. Stitcii, etc., ii, r's Bidlioi^. of le Stitdi, etc., li. ;o) in the Royal thcr in the Na- )- . ,. ^ An atlas in the Archivio del Collegio di Propa- ganda, with a map showing the east coast of Amer- ica (Studi, ii. p. 160; Bull, de hi sac. de g^ag., 1847, vii. 308). Also in the same place a Carta nautica, showing a large part of America (Studi, ii. p. 160; Bull., etc., vii. 313). An anonvmous atlas in the Biblioteca Comunale at Fernio (studi, ii. p. 162). An anonymous atlas in the Museo Civicoat Venice, giving the northeast parts of America (Studi, ii. p. 1O3), and another (p. 165) showing the western hemisphere. A globe in the Biblioteca Marciana at Venice (Studi, ii. p. 164). An anonymous atlas in the Biblioteca Ambrosi- ana at Milan, showing the east and west coasts of America (Studi, ii. p. 168). An anonymous Carta nautica, preserved at Milan, showing the American coasts of the Atlantic (Studi, ii. p. 170). _ _ An atlas of Antonio Millo, preserved in the Bibli- oteca Vittorio ICmanuele at Rome, showing the two Americas (Studi, ii. p. 174). An anonymous Spanish planisphere of the begin- ning of the century, preserved in the Royal library at rurin, which shows the coasts of Mexico and the northern parts of South America (Studi, ii. no. 406). An atlas of Francesco Gisalfo of Genoa with a mai)i)emonde, preserved in *he Biblioteca Riccardi- ana at Florence (Studi, ii. 160) ; an anonymous atlas in the same librarv, which shows the east and west coats of America (.Studi, ii. p. 172); and a Portu- guese atlas, showing: no. 19, Canada; 20, Florida; 21, Peru; 22, Venezuela; 23-26, South America (Studi, ii. no. 452). Several of the maps in the Riccardi palace have been shown in the Jahrbuch des Vereins fiir Erdkunde in Dresden, 1870. Cf. Winsor, Bibliog. of Ptolemy, sub 1561. A Portuguese planisphere of the end of the cen- tury, showing the western hemisphere. It is pre- served in the Biblioteca Vallichelliana at Rome. (Studi, ii. no. 450). Kohl refers to a " weltkarte " of the middle of the sixteenth century, which is given in the Mimoires de la societc' de A'ancy, 1832. — A. D. 1550-53- Two portolanos of Pierre Desceliers,'one in the British Museum, and the other at Vienna. Cf. Brit. Mus. Cat. of MSS., no. 24065 ; llarrisse, Cabats, 230; Bull, de la Soc. de Giog. de Paris, Sept. 1852 and Sept. 1856. A MS. parchment chart (1550) of Diego Gutier- rcs in the Depot des cartes de la Marine at Paris. 62. A. D. 1551. The world by Apian. The original is an engraved " charta cosmograph- ica" in the Cosmographia of Petrus Apianus, pub- lished at Paris in' 1551, with additions by Gemma Frisius. The map is not in the Antwerp edition of 1 341, and differs from the one there given. North America is a narrow continental land, north of which Asia and Europe unite. See notes on the bibliog- raphj; of Apian in Nar, and Grit. Hist, of America, vol. li. 63. A. D. 155- ? The world by Martine8(?). The original is a planisphere from a MS. atlas, whose names are mostly Italian with some Span- ish ones, which formerly belonged ^to the Duke de Cassaao Scira, and is now in the British Museum. Kohl finds its American portion to correspond closely with a map of Joannes Marlines of 1578 in the British Museum, and supposes this to be by i6 THE KOIIL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS, him also. The later map has meridians of longi- tude, which this has not. South America is called *' Tcru " in this mai), but " America " in the later one. The general outline of the new world resem- bles that of J'orccachi's maps. The huge antarctic continent so conmion in maps of this lime, is shown. this — A. D. 1552. Munster's maps in the Basle Ptolemy of year, repeated from the editions of 1540-42-45. — A. D. c. 1553. A parchment planisphere in the Depot dcs Cartes de la Marme at Paris. Ilarrisse, Caboh, 238. 64. A. D. 1554. America by BoUero. The original is a small woodcut, — called " Rrcvis exactaque totius novi orbis cjusque insularum de- scnptio recens— Joan liollcro edita," — which ap- pears in various publications of about this time, including Gomara's Historia gcural de las Iiuiius, to which Kohl credits it. The coasts north of Mexico and Labrador are wanting. Cf. Uricoechea, Ma- poteca ColomMana, no. 12, and Winsor's BMios'. of /V£»/<^»*)/, sub 1561. — A. D. 1554. An atlas by Baptista Agnese in the Biblioteca Marciana at Venice (Stiidi />ioir. e hiblioi;., ii. p. 1-50) This was issued in photographic facsiin'ile at Venice in 1681. Cf. Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy, sub i cGl, for other maps of Agnese of about this tiinic. A map of Andre Thevet, cited by D'Avezac, Sur la projection des Cartes, Paris, 1863, p. 73. A map of the world by Framezini, engraved bv Ji 'IIS de Musis. ' 65. The world. The wor. an elliptical projection, copied from the map 111 the Basle, 1555, edition of Grynxus, in the Grenville copy in the British Museum. It re- sembles map no. 49 {ante) ; and had earlier appeared m the 1537 edition of the Navus Orbis. — A. D. 1555. A portolano by Le Testu in the French ministry of war. Cf. W insor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy, sub 1561. 66. A. D. 1556. America, in Ramusio, vol. iii. The original was made for Ramusio bv Gastaldi (about 1550) from material gathered by Oviedo, and sent to Ramusio bv the Florentine Ilicroniino Fra- castoro. It is c.illcd : " Universale dclla parte del niondo nuovamente ritrovata." Ramusio dates the introduction to this volume in 1553, which mav iier- haps indicate the date of the map ; and the m.itcrial upon which it was founded would seem to include results of Cabrillo's explorations on the California coast in 1542-43. The maps of the new world, both in this edition and in that of ,5r,5, are : i, New world ; 2, Tcmisti- tan (Mexico) ; 3, Cusco in Pern ; 4, New France and Newfoundland ; 5, east part of Brazil ; 6, part of America; 7, Taprobano ; 8, liochelaga, — a bird's- eye view of an Indian camp. — A. D. 1556. Vopellio's cordiform mappemonde in Girava's Cosmographia, Milan. There is a facsimile of it published by Henry Stevens. It is sometimes toiind iti the 1570 edition of Girava, which is the 1556 edition with a new title, — A. D. 155S-S0. Atlas of liertelli e Forlani, published at Rome, contair.ing maps of North and South America. Cf. Sabin's Dutionary, ii. 500c. See no. 69. VVli.-t is called Lafrcri's Roman atlas, 7\m>le moderne at Ge- ografia, is sometimes given as published at Rome and Venice, 1554-72. Forlani's ma)), Universale /A'serittione, is cited as of 1565, 1570, etc. Cf. Thomassy, Les Papes giographes, ■^. 118. 67. A. D. 1558. America by Homem. The original is a MS. m.ip by Diego Ilomem in the British Museum, a part of a large general atlas by this Portuguese chart-maker, who inscribes it: "Diegus Ilomem cosmographus fecit hoc opus anno salutis, 1558." The words " mundus novus " are in a scroll on South America ; but " America " in small letters is on the region north of the Amazon, which runs a general easterly course. The coast of Chili antl the western coast of Patagonia are indi- cated by a dotted line. The California coast is car- ried a short distance above the peninsula of Cali- fornia. The Bay of F"undy runs nearly north. The St. Lawrence is broadened into a sea of uncertain limits. Cf. Brit. Miis. Cat. of MS. maps, 1844, vol. i. p. 27 ; Harrisse, Cahots, p. 243 ; and further on atlases of this time by Ilomem in Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy, sub 156 1. — A. D. 1559. Harrisse, Cabots, p. 244, cites a mappemonde of Andreas Homo, preserved in the Ministry 01 Foreign Affairs at Paris. 68. A. D. 1 560. America by NicoUo del Dolfi- iiatto. The original is an engraved map belonging to the Na-'igationi del mondo iio-\\ ])ublished in Venice in 1560, and is inscribed; "Opera di M. Nicolle del Dclfinatto, Cosinografo del Christianissimo Re." Kohl ]3oints out its resemblance to a map edited by Forlani and made by Gastaldi in 1560, though it shows less, but on a large scale. It shows from Labrador to 15° below the ecpiator on the cast coast; and omits all north of Mexico on the west coast. Both this and Forlani's were published by the same publisher in Venice. 69. A. D. 1560. The new world by Gastaldi and Forlani. An engraved map (in the British Museum) in- scribed : " Paulus dc Furlanis Veroncnsis opus hoc exnii Cosmographi Dni Jacobi Gastaldi, Pedcmontani instauravi'.. . . . Vcnetiis, T'>;iii» Francisci Camotii aercis forinis. . . . Anno MDLX." North America is connecteil with Asia ; the North Pacific extending only to the 40° N. Lat. The Amazon runs north. 'The La Plata is not devel- oped. A j)olar sea is north of Labrador. The map was again issued unchanged, by Forlani in 1576. — A. D. 1560. A small globe in the mathematical salon .at Dres- den. Cf. Wicscr's ^Tag^dhdes•strasse. p. 70, where one by Johannes Prxtorius is referred to, as being in the same place, and assigned to 1568. ■/ THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 17. lo del Dolfl- >y Gastaldi / — A. D. 1561. A map by Girolatno Uuscelli in the edition of rtolcmy, puhlishtd at Venice. Tlie coasts of Cali- fornia and Ciiili are left uncertain. The same boolv has several sectional maps of America. These maps were repeated in the Ptolemies of 1562, 1564, and 1574- An atlas of Bartolomco Olives di Majorca in the Royal archives at Naples, nos. 2 and 3, showing parts of North America and the Antilles. Cf. StiiJi bioi;. e biMioi^., ii. no. 428. An improved map in Ilonter's De Cosmogra^hia: rudimcntisy published at Basle. — A. D. \pi2. A map of the younger Diego Gutierres. risse, Cabots, p. 152. Ilar- — A. D. 1562-66. Carta nautica of Paolo Forlani in the National library at Paris. It is figured in Santarem's Atlas. Cf. Bull, (if la soc. de gioj^. de Paris, 1S39 ; Studi biog. e bibliog., ii. p. 142. The catalogue of the King's maps in the British Museum puts a map of Forlani under 1562. Cf. Thomassy, Z« Papes giographes, 118. — A. D. 1563. Atlas of Giorgio Sideri detto Callapoda di Candia> containing ten maps, one showing the two hemis- pheres, and another, America. It is in the liiblio- teca Marciana at Venice. Cf. Studi, etc., ii no. 433. — A. D. 1564. An atlas of Bajitista Agnese, dated May 25, 1564, referred to in Biit. Mns. Cat. 0/ MSS., no. 25442; and another in the Biblioteca Alarciana. Cf. Ilar- rissc, 6'(;A"'>', i8g. There are various undated atlases of Agnesf mentioned in Winsor's Bibliog. of Pto- lemy, sub 1 597. — A. D. 1566. An engraved map of Zaltiere or Zaltcrius of Bi> logna, measuring 15J X loj^ inches, called the earliest map to show the straits of Aniau. Cf. Nar. and Crit. Hist. 0/ Aiiurirc iv. ]). 93 A brass globe in the town library at Nuremberg by Johannes Praetorius. Cf. Ghillany's Beiiaim, p. 60. A MS. map by Des Liens of Dieppe in the Na- tional library at Paris. Cf. iVar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 78. An engraved map of Johannes Paulus Cimberlinus of Verona, showing North America as a part of Asia. Mr. Brevoort has a copy. — A. D. 1567. An atlas of this date is quoted by Santarcm as being in the Tcrnaa.x bibliotheque. Cf. Bidl. dc la Soc. de Gt'ox'. de Paris, 1837 (viii.), p. 175. It shows the new world. 70. A. D. 1568. America by Homem. The original is a MS. map in tiie Koyal library at Drcsd purporting to be by " Diegus cosmo- graphus, Portuguese living in Venice in 156S. Kohl identiiies him with Diego Ilomem, and traces the resemblance of this map to Ilomem's map of 1558 (no. 67 ante). This map has a northern coa.st of "North America drawn in, which that of 1558 did not have. The La Plata river is nade something like an inte- rior sea, with islands, and has a small channel con- necting with the ocean on the northern coast of Brazil. 71, A. D. -. The world. A map in a doublc-cordiform projection, follow- ing an engraved original in the British Museum. Its only inscription is " Ant. Sal. exc. Komx." A legend on It speaks of America being better drawn than in other contem))orary maps. Northern Asia extends in a peninsular shape round the north pole, with " G'oclandia " as a subordinate peninsula. The " ilaccalearum regio " has a group of islands lying cast of it, called " Insule Corterealis. ' A " Fretum arcticum " separates this from the polar land. The Amazon discovered in 1542 is left out. The Chilian coast is " Littora incognita." It is sometimes assigned to about the year 1540. — A. U. 1569. The great mappemonde of Gerard Mercator. Cf. references in iVar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 369; and in Winsor's Bibliog. of Ptolemy, sub 1597. 72. A. D. 1570. ^..merica by Ortelius. Engraved map in the first edition of the Tliea- tram Orbis Tcrrarum, of Abraham Ortelius, the most learned geoi;ra])her of his time. He gives in his text accompanying the map about twenty Span- ish, Italian, German and French authoiiiics for his sources, — most of which he might have found ^^n Ramusio, though his map is far in advance r\' at incsented by Ramusio. This deline.i*' f . lius w ith that of Mercator, may be sai .stal> lislied a tyjie for the contour of the \ ; ..icas, which long prevailed. For various subsequent issues see Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. 34; iv. 369. Reference may be made to a globe of this date by Francisco Basso, a ^Milanese , and a M.S. map by Jehan Cossin of Dieppe, in the National library at Paris. Harrisse, Cabots, 217. — A. D. 1572. The mappemonde in Porcacchi's V hole pin famose del mor ^o, published at Venice, repeated in later edi- tions, 1576, 1590, etc. One of theni is given in fac- simile in Stevens's Notes, etc. — A. D. 1573. Lelewcl, Moyen &ge, vol. i. pi. 7, cites a " Orbis tcrrarum a hydrographo Ilispano in piano deline- atio." — A. D. 1574. Two maps of the western hemisphere (one dated 1574) in the Theatri Orbis Tcrrarum Enchiridion of Philippns Gal.-Bus, "jier Hugonem Favolium illus- tratum," published at Antwerp in 15S5. 73. A. Vs. 1575. America by Thsvet. An engraved map, according to Kohl, in Thevet's La France Antarctii/ue (Brazil about Rio Janeiro), published in 1575 and 1 581. The map is called " Le nouveau monde decouvert et illustre de nostre i8 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. Temps," and though Thevet professes that he based it on new material, it is largely a copy of Orteliiis, with a more profuse rauiilication, to the rivers, of which Thevet probably had no further information than Ortulius had ; but he gives some Krentli names, which Ortelius does not give. He goes a little farther north than Ortelius. There was also a map in Thcvet's Cosiii';-//. Miis. Cut. of MS. maps, 1S44, i. 31, gives a map of the world by Martines (suh anno 1582). The South American part is facsimiled in colors in Bibliophile Jacob's Moyen Age. 78. A. D. 1578. The world by Frobisher. An engraved sketch in Best's True Discourse, re- garding Frobisher's voyage, showing that command- er's view of a passage,'called after himself, connect- ing the Atlantic with the Straits of Anian. The coasts discovered since Ptolemy's time are drawn in pncked lines. Cf. Coliinsnn's Frobisiur, and IVar. ■ and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. ch. 3. There is a maj^pemonde in the Speculum Orbis (errarum of Cellarius. — A. D. 1582. An elli|)tical mappemonde in Pnpellinierc's Trots moudes. It is of the Ortelius and Mercator type. A n>ap|Hmoiule by A. Millo is numbered 27470 in the Brit. Mus. MSS. — A. D. •ssj. Map m the edition of this year of Reisch's Mar- Sarillia philosophica, published at Basic. Cf. Uri- coechea, Map. Colomb., no. 15. 79. A. D. 15S7. The world by Myritluo. An engraved map in the Opusculum i;eoi;raphicum rarum per Joauuem Mvrilium Me/ite'imm. Iwol- stud: t aiiiio MDCCCC", the map being called " Universalis orbis descriptio." Myritius was a knight of Malta, and dates his preface'in 1 5S7, when Kohl conjectures his map (of which he gives no ac- count) may have been made. The map makes North America a part of Asia, resembling in this respect that of Forlani of 1560. Reference mav be made under this date to the map in Ilakluyt's cditi(m of Peter Martyr, pub- lished in Paris. There is a facsimile in .s'tevens's AV<'.r, &c.; and a sketch in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. ]). 42. The map in the Ortelius of this year was repeated m the edition of 1598. Uricoechea, no. 16. 80. A. D. 1589. The world by Hakluyt. An engraved map in Ilakluyt's Priucipall A'avi- X'ations, London, 1589. Kohl i)oints out how South America is imjjroved over Ortelius's delineation; but he remarks as singular, that Drake and New Albion, Raleigh and Virginia, with Frobisher and his straits should be ignored in North America by an Knglish authority. There is also no trace of Drake in the regions about Magellan's straits, — the Spanish authorities seemingly furnishing all the in- formation Hakluyt had. He calls North America, "America sive India nova." 81. A. D. 15S9. A duplicate of no. So, — less perfect. 82. A. D. 1589. The world by Houdius. An engraved maj), on which a statement that it is intended to show the tracks of Drake and Caven- dish, is signed by Jodicus llondins, 15S9. The cir- cumnavigations of these two Knglish explorers are marked by pricked lines; and in one corner a small sketch of Drake's harbor on the California coast, " Portns nova; Albionis," is made. Tierra del Fucgo is made a group of islands for the first time, while the great antarctic continent is contracted on this side nearer the southern pole, though it is made to extend as far as the tropic of Cai)ricorn on the other side of the globe. In an in.scription referring to the 'lierra del Fuego group Ilondius remarks that Cav- endish and the Spaniards do not accept Drake's views, making a continent the southern boundary of the Straits of .Magellan ; and on later maps Hon- dius seems to have accepted tliese other views. Cf. Uricoechea, no. 25. 83. A. D. 1589. America by Cornelius Jud^ua. The western portion of a ,>iap called: " Totius tio. Corn. Judacus. orbis cogniti universalis dt' THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 19 Antucrpia. Pridie Cal. Nov. A. ISS9, fecit.' It f„ll,>ws the Ortcliiis and Mcrcator typt ; ami it par- ticularlv resembles the Mercator map of 1587. It has the' usual aiitarrtic continent. Cf. a map vi Juduuus ut his i>pcculum orbis lerrae, «S93- — A. D. 1592- The Molineaux globe preserved in the Middle Temple, London. ius Judaeus. — A. D. IS93- Map resembling the Ortclius type in the Ilhlma- rum Indkiintin Ubri xvi. of Malfeius. Cf. Uricoe- chea, no. 19. 84. A. D. 1 594. America by Peter Plancius. An engraved map entitled : "Orbis terrarum tvpus dc integro inultis in locis emendatior auctore I'et o riancio, 1594." Knhl points out its resemblance to Ilak'luyt's map of 1589. riancius g .cs the four large islands about the north pole, which I'urchas says were invented bv Mercator. There arc indica- tions of Krcbisher's Vovagc; but none of Dr.akc's. Kohl Hunks that Plancius had Spanish and Portu- guese originals, which are unknown to us, and which he u-;ed to advantage in drawing the interior parts of South America. . The map is found in the Dutch edition of Lin- schoten, 1596. Blundevilc, in his /i.wc/.fi'J, speaks of a Plancius map " latelv put forth in t'le yeere of our lord, 1 592." The same map re-engra-. d, but not credited to Plancius is in the Latin Linschoten, 1599. The English Linschoten of 1598 has the map of the Hakluyt of 1589, re-engraved from Ortclius. U.Kler this year also, we must init De Hry's maps of the world, of this and later dates ; contained m the Great VoVir^vs, parts iv. and xii. Cf. also a map of the world by Quadus. Santarcm cites as in the Propaganda at Rome a portolano of Jean Oliva, the sixth of whose maps is a planisphere showing the Straits of Magellan. Cf. Bull, de la Sm. de Geoi:. ( 1S47), vii. 30S, where is also as no. xii., another ))ortolano ot the sixteenth century, without name or date, but showing on one of its maps the eastern coast of America; and again, p. 313, still another of the same century. — A. D. 1595-98- The map in Giovanni Bolero's Relatioui universalis Venice, 1595, and Later. Cf. 0'Calla.i;/ian Catalogue, nos. 339, 340; Sabin's Dietioiiar\\ ii. 6799; Rich {1832), no. 96. There was a later edition in 1603; Relacioues uuiversales del Afuitdo, i)ublishcd at Valla- dolid, which contains both a map of the world, and one of the two Americas. — A. D. 1595. A Dutch map of the world by Loew. — A. D. 1596. The maps in the edition of Ptolemy, printed at Venice, and repeated in editions under date of 1597, 1608 and 1617. 85. A. D. 1597. The world by Porro. A small engraved map, markcil •' Universi orbis descriptio a Hieronymo Porro Pativino incisa. It is of the Mercator type; and having been first printed separately was' later pul)lished in an edition of Ptolemy at Cologne in 1597, and in another at Venice in 1598. America is called " Amcria, sivc India nova." There is the usual Southern polar continent. This anr' other maps showing America are numbered 2, 29 j4, and 35 in the Ptolemy of 1597. Urder this date also, is a map of the Ortclius type in \V vtlliet's continuation of Ptolemy. There is a facsimile of it in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist, of Amer- ica, vol. ii. The globe of Ilondius, embodying discoveries m America. The map in Magninus's Geographia. 86. A. D. 1 598. The world by Molineaux. An engraved map, belonging, as Kohl asserts, to the 159S edition of I'akluvt, but rarely found in it. The fiicsimile of it issued by the Hakluyt society m 1S80, is dated ifxxj. Kohl refers to llakluvt's prom- ise in the 1589 edition to give a map by Molineaux, and traces the correspondences in this map to the globe in the Middle Temple, assigned to Molineaux. The map is an attempt to carry out some geograi)hi- cal problems on theoretical grounds, as compare his treatment of the St. Lawrence and the Lakes. The California coast is not carried north of Drake's New Albion, lie omits the antarctic continent .and Mer- cator's arctic islands, and the northern coasts of America and Asia. He ignores the tisual fabulous Atlantic islands, except Prisland, which he puts southwest of Iceland. He makes an insular group of Tierra ilel Fucgo, and removes the protuberant part of the contour of the Chilian coast, as repre- sented by Mercator and Ortclius ; though he pre- serves a smaller projection nearer the Straits of Magellan. In this he assigns the explorations of Drake in 1577 and of Sarmiento and Cavendish in 1587, .as authorities. Contrary to most maps of the time he makes the Pacific in lat. 38°, 1200 leagues wide, and the distance from Cape St. Lucas to Cape Mendocino 600 leagues. ^ A map of the Ortclius type is in Miinster s Cos- moi^rapliia. The Italian Ortclius of this year, // theatro del Moiido, published at Prescia, has three maps showing America, pp. i, 3 and 11. Brit. Mus. MSS.. no. — A. D. 1 599. A portolano of G. Oliva. 24943 87. A. D. 1600 (?) Spanish map of America. An engraved map in the British Museum, pul> lishcd about 1600, and showing the Ortclius and Mercator tyoe, but more closely resembling that of Ortclius (1570). It has the great southern conti- nent. Kohl savs that the British Museum Catalogue S3'., it w.as published in Madrid; but he has doiibts, and thinks if so, that the editing was not done by a native Spaniard ; and he is inclined to place it sev- eral years earlier than 1600. A map, based on Wvtfliet, in the America swe tim'us orlds of Metellus,' was published at Cologne, in this year. Uricoechea, no. 24. 88. A. D. 1601. America by Herrera. Ad engraved mai) in ir.c 1601 cdit;on of Herrera's Descripeion de las Indias. It shows the line of de- marcation, on both sides of the globe, in accordance with Spanish views. A distinguishing feature is the 20 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. great width of the northern Pacific. It was renro- ciucc.l m the edition of ,62.; and in the ToZ^ mada of 1733 with some changes. ' — A. D. 1602. .I,.Pm'"''a '''•'*!'""'* «^hart .showing the east coast of ItVZ^!^"'r(' I':'='i"^«=^' '!] the National Library at hlorcnce. Cf. .S/W/, etc., ii. no. 453. ^ C.iovanni Costo's planisphere of the old and new work], given by M. Canale to Edw. U.stcr. U. S Consul at Genoa, in 1844. Cf. SfuJ/, etc , ii. p. ,8, 89. A. D. 1606. The world by Cospedes. An engraved map in Ccspedcs's R.ximUnto de ^'"'m^'o», Madrid. ,606. It is of snnll 4e, as wefc a I the maps of the new wc.rhl published in Spain Fr/nnh"r''-'' ""^ ^^■' '!"'' 's""^'^-^ ">e Knjdish'and French discoveries in North America. The western I>ne of demarcition corresponds to Ilcrrera: the eastern is more favorable to Portugal. The north sTetcS" ^"""'^ ""'^ ^'^'^ ^^'^ 1^"' ^i"^'y — A. D. 1608. tJf.^'l ir?"'/'''^",^ Arthus's ffistoria Indict orUn- talis, published at Cologne. Uricoechea, no. 26. 90. A. D. 1613. The world by Oliva. From a MS portolano preserved in the Egcrton Si 'l^^ "'■"■f Museum. The general nup is called 'Typus orbis terrarmn." It is inscribed: ' roannes Ol.va fecit in civitate MarsUlix, Ano tOij. It has must of the points of llakluvfs map; but gives South America better. It h.is the oeriod"''Tf 'f '"''■' "■"'/'"'^"-'-■"-^ continent of this pcrio . The language of its names is Italian, occa- r^-!^: t\f •^^' '''"'^^ 'his portolano to contain maps of the east coast of North America, of the West Indies, and of South America. wold" hv'nr^^''" J^'^-^i' '57'4. is a map of the world by Oliva, put under 1609. Maps of the world, and of America in the Deh-c- homs Fret, of Hudson, edited by il. Cicrritz A map of America by Michael Mercator in the 1613 edition of Mcrcator's Atlas. — A. D. 1620. 92. A. D. 1630. America by De Laet. An cngr.avcd map, " Americx sive Indix occi- M, /-,•/,//, published at Leyden in 1630. ilc credits! HcsseU.erritj with making the maps from the best pub , shed and collected information «hich I c'l.ac coiil.l gather for his u.se. North Anvrica above t.al)r.a(lor and Cape Mendocino is omitted. Cali- lornia is a peninsula, though it was generally made an island at this time. South America is tooVoad clchned. I here is no southern continent. It was repeated in the various editions of De Laet. HL NORTH AMERICA. n^^lJ^/'*^' ''^, '■'!"' ■'"""■ Amkkicas co»lerhaps, .as Kohl thinks, stand for Newfoundland. There are names on the map which we cannot tr.ice to Ayllon or I 'Mice de Leon ; which leads Kohl to suspect other voy.agers on the coast of which we have no other knowledge. It very likely preserves some of the sources used in the Cantino map. — A. D. circa 1550. Atlas of about the middle of the century, pre- served in the Riccardi pal.acc at Florence ; has some maps of North America. Cf. Jahrhuch des Verein* fiir Erdkiinde in Dresden, 1870, pi. vi. and ix. 94. A. D. 1566. North America by Zaltieri. A map engraved on copper at Venice in 1566 It resembles no. 69 for North America, except that in the present map the Straits of Anian separate North America from Asia. The whole of the northeastern part IS erroneous ; and it is not easy to define corre- spondences. Newfoundland is seemingly a group of islands. A large lake, not connected with what IS apparently meant for the Saint Lawrence, flows through a river called " S. Lorenzo." which might stand for the Penobscot. It is sketched in the JVar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 93. It may be com- peared with a map of Des Liens (North America) of this same year (1566). There is an original in Harvard College Library. — A. n. 1568. A map of Diegus fHomem] preserved in the Royal Library at Dresden. 95. A. D. 1575. North America by Porcacchi. A map entitled, " Mondo nuovo " in Porcacchi's V hole pill famose del mondo (1576), engraved by G, THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 21 erved in the Porro. The text is largely based on Bordonc. The i..ap is little more tlun a reduction o( Zalticri (""• 94)' . . , . . I It origin.illv appeared ni the I S72 edition ; and was repeated in the 1576 edition. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. IJtst. 0/ America, iv. 96. — A. D. 1 578. The Martines Atlas in the British Museum, shows (nos. 10 and 15) the coasti of North America. It is sketched in the Nar. atui Crit, Hist. 0/ America, iv. 97. 96. A. D. 1580. North America by J. Dee. A MS. map iti the British Museum presented by Dr. Dec to Queen Elizabeth, but perhaps not made by him, since it is not in his autogra|)h. The Cali- fornia coast is carried well up beyond the peninsula ; but there are no traces of Drake's New Albion. The St. Lawrence Gulf (except the west coast of Newfoundland) and river (without the lakes or any corresponding water) is very well defined. It is sketched in the Nur. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 98. 97. A. D. 1582. North America by Lok. An engraved map in Hakluyt's Divers Voyages, 1582, since repeated in the Hakluyt Society's edi- tion of that book, and in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. 40; iv. 44. 98. A. D. 1593. North America by JudaeiB. Inscribed " Americx pars borealis, Florida, Bac- calaos, Canada, Corterealis, a Cornclio de JutUcis in lucem edita, 1593." It belongs to his Speciilnin Orhis terra. It is sitetched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 97. 99. A. D. 1600. North America by Quaden, or Quadua. Engraved map by Mathias Quaden, or Quadus, which appeared in the Geographisches Haiidbiich, Cologne, 1600, and is entitled, " Nova Orbis pars borealis." The Pacific co.is. Tbove Lower California is not shown. The northern parts are of the Mer- cator type. The Central America region is omit- ted. The mountain ranges run east and west. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. lOi. 100. A. D. 1625. North America [by Briggs] from Furchas. Engraved map in Purchas's Pilgrimes, vol. iii. Kohl says it has more origmal value than the other maps in that volume. Hudson's i5ay is left with a part of the western bounds of it unfi.\ed, while the western coast of the continent is not drawn above 45°, — indicating by legends on the map a supposed northwest passage. California is shown as an island, with a northern limit under 42°, " as appears by a map brought to London out of Holland." — A. D. 1635-1636 (?) The undated America Septentrionalis of Joannes Jannsen, published at Amsterdam. The Noi'issima et accnratissima (otitis Amertcir Descriptio per N. Vis- scher, of about the same date. The English trans- lation by Henry Hexham of the Hondius-Mercator Atlas, printed at Amsterdam in 1636, has in vol. i. a map of the world, showing much the same configu' ration as is ^ivcn in vol. ii. in a general map of America, particularly as regards the nurtliurn parts. — A. I). 1644. A map of America in an edition of Linschoten, published at Amsterdam. It is of the Mercator type. — A. D. 1646. Two maps of America, " Pctrus Kocrins coelavit Anno do. 1646," in Speed's Prospect of tlu most Famous Parts vf the World, London, 1668. — A. D. 1650. An engraved map of North America by Sanson d'Abbeville. Ilarrisse, Notes sttr la Nouv. France, no. 325. — A. D. 1651. An edition of Speed's Prospect, 1676, has a map of the world dated 1651, showing North America. — A. D. 1652. A map by Visscher, America nova descriptio, marked " Autore N. I. Piscator." — A. D. 1655. A map in America, or an excut description of the IVest Indies. — A. D. 1656-1663. Dr. Peter Heylyn's map of America, in his Cos- moi^raphia, Robert Vaughan, sculp. There were later editions. — A. D. 1657. The Am^'rique Septentrionale of G. Sanson and later editions. — A. D. 1659. A " New and accurate map of the world " in the History of the World, by Dion Petau or Petavius, London, 1659. — A. D. 1666. W. Hollar's map of America. Cf. Catalogue icing's maps in Brit. Mmetim, i. 23. — A. D. 1669. The map of North America in Blome's Description of the World; again in 1670, following Sanson. — A. D. 1670. The map in Ogilby's America. — A. D. 1673-74. Joliet's earliest map, showing North America, of which a rciiroduction is given in the Rame de Giog- raphie, 1S80, and in other places ; and a sketch m the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 208. — A. D. 1678. Map of the world in Kircher's Mundus Subtcrra- neus (Amsterdam), of the Ortelius type. ii THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. Ill — A. I>. 16S1-84. Fraiujueliii's MS. map of 1681 made from Jolict's (lata, ot which there in a skutth in the A'ur. ami Chi. Hiit. o/Anieriai, iv. 21S; ;i configuration more t map t iv. 328. elaborately worked out in his creat map of iWa, of of which there is a sketch in Ibid. iv. 328. — A. D. 1683. Hennepin's map of North America, dated i6Sj, 1697. •" — A. D. 1685-98 and later. The map in K. Burton's [N. Crouch's] Enplish Empire in America, — A. D. 1691. Map of North America in T.eclcrcq's J^.tahlisse- ntent ik la Foi, reproduced in .ihca's translation of that book. — A. D. 1692-93. Sanson's map of North America (t'K)!); and the map published at Amsterdam in 169, by Mortier. There were later date*. ^ A. D. 1694. VAmi'rii/iie Si'f>tcntriflnale ai Hubert Jaillot: a.id his map of the world in 1696. — A. D. 1700. ' Dellsle's map of America. — A. D. 1702. The map of North America in CamiJ.inius' Nyn Swen\'e, of which there is a facsimile in the A'lir. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 394. — A. D. 1709. La I lontan 's map, Carte Generale de Canada. The 1703 edition has a sectional map. — A. D. 1710. John Scncx's map of North America, of which there is a reproduction in David Mill's Ktfort 011 the Boundaries of the Province of Ontario, Toronto, 1873. — A. P 1717. il^nain Moll's map of North America, in his Jf'ui. M >^"s maps wc:. used in Oldmixou's Amer- Atf, 1708 ai.U 1741. — A. D. 1714-22. "The Ilimisphire septentrional of Guillaume de lisle; and his Carte d'Amiriqtte. — A. D. 1731. VAmirique mise ati jour par Danet, Paris. — A. D. 1733. Henry Popple's Map of the British Empire in America, with the French and Spanish Settlements adjacent thereto. — A. D. 1738. Map of America in Keith's Pennsylvmia. — A. n. J 740. Delibte's map of North America, of which there is a rei)roduction m Mill's JJmnduriet of QHlarn), 1873. — A. D. 1741. Moll's map of North America in Oldmixon's lirittsh Empire. — A. I). 1744. Hcllin's map in the ATouvelle Franet of Charlevoix, and his map of the world i". 1748. — A. D. 1 746. The Amhiijne Sfptentrionale of D 'Anville ; and the Amcricit A/appa of Ilomann. — A. D.I 747. The North America of Bovven's Geography. — A. D. 1755-56. D'Anvillc's ma|) of North America, and the repro- duction of it, "improved" in 1 )ouj,'lass's Summary of the lUitish Selllimcnts in A'orth America, 1755 (ICnglish edition), 'i'hc map in John IlasUe's Present State of A'orth America (3(1 ed.) showing the extent of the Hritish claim to territory and the map (1756) \n MWVs Boundaries of Ontario (1873) showing the French claim. — A. n. 1757. I.'Amcrii/ue Septentrionale, published by Covens .ind Mortier at Amsterdam; and that in Robert de Vaugondv's Atlas Universcl. — A. D. 1760. L'Am<'ri,/ue, par Sanson rectifih par Robert, con- tained with others in Van der Aa's La Galcrie agria- /lie du Monde. — A. I). 1762. VAmirique par Jatmier in the Atlas Moderne. — A. n. 1763. I )clisle's VAmMque of 1722, corrected by Buache. Mat. Scuttcrius' map of North America. Bowen's Map of North America. *»• The maps at this time, and later, gave the new definit.jns of bounds, an li.xed by the Treaty ol Paris In 1763, TV. NORTHERN PARTS OF NORTH AMERICA. •»• The maps in Sections II. and III. need to be consulted to siipplenuHl the enumeration 0/ tlic present section. — .\. n. \.\()C>-\G-p. J. W. Rund-iU's map (modern surveys) of Arctic explorations (Baffin's Bay, Hudson's liay, etc.) be- tween these years is in Thomas Rundall's Voyages THE KOHL COLIECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 23 in Oldmixon'a I 'Anville ; and new definil.jDS tmiHirtls the Northwest, iMil)llshc(l by the llakluyt Society, iS^y. Scf also I'cirrniann ft " Kartc tier Arkiischcn iiiul Aiit.irktisLlu-n Konioncn, i.wi U'>';r- Hicht (Icr KiittU'ckungsxcscliii-htf" in his Geoj{r,i- fhisiht AfitlheilitHgen, xlv. (1865) pi. 12; uiuJ fir- I'lHiiuni^'shim/, iv. no. lO, pi. I ; aiul tli.' map in I'eschti's UeuhicAtt dtr Erdkunde, cd. Kui'i;, 18771 p. 28.S. 101> A. D. 1503. The North Atlaiitlo. From a Portugu;;8e iiortolano, showing the north- ern coasts, .ihove Nova Scotia. (Ircenlaiul is tolcraoly drawn with a broad expanse of w.ilcr on the west ( llaflui'H May). A sfcond Greenland (Knuronelant) is drawn as a peninsula extending from .Scandinavia, as in earlier ni.ips, and sepa. rateil from the trim Greenland by a passage to the polar seas. — A. D. 1303-^504. A Portuguese chart showing the northeastern toast, given in Kohl's Disanvry ofMiiiiie, p 174: «nd in the Nut: and Crit. Ilist. v/ Americu, iv. 35. — A. D. 1 514-1 520. The coast from Nova Scotia to Labrador, as shown in a sketch given in (he X.tr. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. 56. It is a j/oili(m of a chart giving a large part of the coast. Cf. Kohl, l)isanu-ry of Maine, p. 179; Stevens' A'otes, and Kunstmann's Atlas. — A. D. 1522-1525. A map of Lorenz Friess in the Ptolemy ol 1522 shows Greenland as an elongated island in the N. W. of Europe. There is a facsimile of it in Norden- skiiild's liroderna Zenos, Stockholm, 18S3. This map is not contained in the 1525 edition of Ptolcmv, where a map, "Tab. nova Norbergia; et Gotti:v, ' shows Greenland as a much broader peninsula of North- western l':urc(pe, called " Engronelant." No. 49 of the 1525 edition is still another delineation, repre- senting " Gronlanda " as a long, narrow peninsula ex- tending southwesterly from the northwest of Europe. A reproduction of this map, ascribed to Anciparins, the editor of the I'tolemy of 1522, is giver, in Wit- sen's Noorden Oost Tarlurye, vol. ii. (1705). 102. A. D. 1525. Labrador and Greenland, by Lorenz Friesa. From the atlas of Lorenz Friess, 1525, Labrador is called "Terra nova Conter.iti" (of Cortereal), who is said in a legend to have discovered it in 1510, instead of 1501. The abundance of herring and stock- fish (cod) on the coast is mentioned. The southern part of Greenland is cast of Davis Straits. "Terra laboratoris " is made an island, west of, and near to the lower point of Greenland. The Azores (Has Axagoras) are shown. — A. D. 1532. A map in Zicglcr's Scondia, etc., published in Stras- lurg, and again in 15^6, gives a sweep of unbroken co.ast which he calls "Terra Baccalaos," " Ulteriora Gronlandia." " Incocnita." Hoth editions are in the Cartcr-Hrown Library {Catalogue, i. nos. 103, 120). There are copies of the 1532 edition in the Collec- tions of Mr. Chas. Deane and Mr. Jas. Carson Bre- voort. 103. A. i». 1534. L*br»«or by Bordonu. Engraved map in his Isolario, Venice, «S34- J'^" country is called " Terra de lavoratorc ; and it i» the earliest extension of a large island which inay. as Kohl thinks, staiul lor North America, whose S. W. point is separated by a Htrait from the " Mo.ulu Novo'' (South America). If this conjecture is cor- rect the Htrait corresponds to such a passage, a» shown in other maps of this time. In the ocean arc the islands, " Asmaide," " Urcsil," and " Astorc*.' 104. A. D. 1542. Northeast Coast, by Rota. Fiom Kotz's MS. liooke of Idroi^raphy m the Ihiti.ih Museum. It show.^ "New fonde I^rde broken into islands ; ilie co.ast north of the straits of lielle Isle. A compass conceals what was per- haps intended for Davis or Hudson's Straits; and then noith of this a curved peninsida marked "Cosi of Labr.idor," which seems to be Greenland, extends towards " Islonde." Kohl points out its re- semblance to the Henri II. or Dauphin map (sec sub no. 58). — A. D. 1544. The sectional maps of the Northeast coast, by Jean Allefonsce, of which sketches are given in the A'ar. and Crit. Ilist. of America, iv. 74-77- One of them is reproduced in Weise's Discnerut of Ameriui, — A. D. xvi. cent. Various maps, showing the Northeast coasU of North America, and extracted in part from mappe- tnondes, are sketched in the Nar. and Cnt. //ist. of America, iv. 81 et seq. . ■ t. 1 Poiiugucse atUises preserved in the Royal ar- chives and in the liiblioteca Riccardiana at Flor- ence, which show this coast, are mentioned in the Studi biog. e bibliog. de la soc. ital., ii. nos. 451, 452. — A. D. 1547- The map of Scandinavia in Bordone represents " Engronelant " as a peninsula of Europe. — A. D. 1548. The " Delia Terra nova Bacalaos " by Gastaldi in the Italian Ptolemy of 1548, of which there is a sketch in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 88. — A. D. circa 1553. Gastaldi's map, Nnmia Francia, which appeared in the third volume of Ramusio in 1556. There are facsimiles of it in the Nar. and rr,t. Hist, of America, iv. 91 ; and in Weise's Discoveries of America, P- 356- 105. A. D. 1558. Iceland by A. Mercator. — A. D. I561. Ruscelli's Tierra Niiei'a in the Ptolemy of this year, showing the cr^st fr-m Florida to Labrador. There arc skctche- ot u i .ap in Kohl's Disccnery of Maine, 233; Lclewel, i.:og. .h Moyen Age, 170; and Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, w. gz. This edition has also a map, Sc'iff.'tidia, v/hirn shows a peninsula north of " Thyle " and beyond the " Mare Congelatum," which is a supposable Green- land. 24 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 106. A. D. 1562. The North Atlantic from the Ptolemy of 1562. This is an engraved reproduction of the Zeni map which had been first published in 1558, and had been followed m 1561 by Ruscelli. To the present Ptol- emy copy by Moletta, that cartographer adds a note saying that its geography is confirmed by modern navigators, " as we know by letters and marine chart , sent to us from divers parts." See bibliographical memoranda relating to th • Zeni map and its influence in Winsor's Biblios. of Ptolemy, sub anno x^dz. I — A. D. 1585-87. A modern map showing Davis's explorations is given in the Ilakluyt's Society's edition of Davis's I oyages, p. i. — A. D. 1562. An engraved map of the east coast cf North America from Cape Breton to Florida made bv Diego Guitierrez, the cosmographcr of King Philip, and engraved by Cock. — A. D. 1567. " Gruntlandia " (Greenland) is shown in a n ap of the northern regions in Olar Mai;ni Ilistorh. pub- lished this year at Basle. There' is a facsimile of the map m Nordenskiold's Briiderna Zenos, Stock- holm, 1883. — A. D. 1570. A map of the North Atlantic by Stephanius, based on Icelandic sources, given by Kohl in his Discowry of Maine, p. 107, and in Weisc's Discmrries of Amcr- 'i"',?-^^- Ortelius gave this year in his Theatrum UrOis Terrarum, a map of the northern regions which he called " Septentrionaliuin Regionum Descrip " showing " Estotilant " (apparently a part of the main), with " Oroclant," " Groenlant," " Drogeo," " Islant." and " Frislant " as islands in the north Atlantic. It was repeated in the editions of Ortelius of 1575, 1584, and 1592. There were new engravings of it in Minister s Cosmographia in 1595 ; and in the Cologne- Arnheim edition of Ptolemy m 1597. 107. A. D. 1575 (.') Northeast Coast. From a MS. Portuguese map in the British xVIu- seum, inscribed : "On the 20th Nov. 1580, a Portu- guese, Fernando Simon, lent this map to John Dee in Mortlake.and a servant of Dee copied it for him." It shows the coast from Cape Breton, north to Hud- son's Straits. The St. Lawrence gulf i. given, but not the river. Newfoundland is broken into islands rhe map resembles that of Freire of 11546 (no. 58) • but does not suggest Dee's own map" of i cSo, as sketched in the Nar. and Grit. Hist, of America, IV. 98. -^ ' 108. A. D. 1578. Frobisher'c Discoveries. Taken from a map in Best's Tnie Discourse, Lon- don, i 578, and confirming Frobishcr's own niaj) of the world (no. 78). There is an engraving of no. loS in Collmsoii s Frobishcr's Voyagts, 1867, published by the Hakluyt Society. 109. A. D. 1580. The Polar Regions by Dee. It represents the polar islands of Merrntnr ; Greenland as a long island, with Jistotilaiid as an' island of uncertain limits, southwest of Greenland "Icaria," "Frislant," and "Tula ins.^' lie cast of Greenland. Dr. Kohl has not annotated it. 110. A. n. 1587. Northeast Coast. From a manuscript atlas in the British Museum, inscribed : Livre dc la Marine du Pilote Pastoret /<7//, 1587. S. F. M. Dr. Kohl thinks the name may be " Pralut " or perhaps " Pastcrot." It shows the coast from Cape Breton to La Mer Glacee. New- foundland IS a group of islands. The straits of Belle Isle IS marked as where Cartier passed. The Green- land region resembles No. 104. 111. A. D. 1592. Northeast Coast by Molineaux. An extract from Molineaux's globe in the Middle Temple, London, showing the St. Lawrence river and gulf; Newfoundland as islands; Davis Straits and Greenland. Molineaux had Davis's charts, now lost. Probisher's Strait is made to separate the southern part of Greenland from an island, — an error long perpetuated. There is a sketch of this part of the globe in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. 213. 112. A. D. 1592. Polar Regions by Molineaux. From his 1592 globe. Shows the north of Europe and Asia, but of America it gives only the north- east coast of Greenland. It omits Mercator's Polar islands, in which Moliue.aux finds no ground for belief. 113. A. D. 1597. Labrador and Greenland by Wytfliet. The engr.-ivcd map " Estotilandia et Laboratoris terra" in Wytfiict's continuation of Ptulemv. It shows both coasts of " Fretum Joan Davis,'"' and bears a resemblance to this part of the Molineaux globe (no. iii). The erroneous Frobisher's Straits (south of Greenland) are drawn, bm not named. Frisland lies an island southeast of Greenland, of which it really was in Kohl's view the southern part. Another Wytfliet map, " Nova Francia ct Canada, '597." IS given in facsimile in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. loo. A third map of Wyt- fliet shows the coast from the St. Lawrence gulf to South Carolina. A fourth represents the aichi- I)tlago of Newfoundland (as he understood it) and Labrador. 114. D. 1598. The North Atlantic, Ed. Ptol- emy. The map "Scandia" in the 1598 (Venice) edition of Ptolemy, translated into Italian by Cernot. A well-known Italian cartographer is known to have made some of the maps of this edition, and may have made this. The American shore is based on the Zeni map. 115. A. D. i59-(?) Greenland and Ireland. This is called by Dr. Kohl "an En^li.h map, 159-.' but he gives no further information. It shows the eastern shore of Greenland, the erroneous " Forboshar's Straits," the islands " Freeseland " and "Iseland." THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 25 f Molineauz. ■ Molineanz. 116. A. D. 160- ? North Polar regions by Mer- cator. Engraved map of ..> , . -- n- ■ -■' in outline in Kundall's i'oyages tmvards the Aortn- uvst, published by the same society, 1849. The chart represents Baflin's fourth voyage. Capt. Buck in 1836 was the next to follow this route. 26 THE KOHL COLLFXTION OF EARLY MAPS. — A. D. 1616, ttc. Petcrmann in liis Gcos^inphischf Mittlieiluiis;,-u, vol. xiii. (I.S67), \>\. 6, gives a nia]), "Das nordliclistc I,aiKl (Icr l'>(lc ciittlcckt 1616 !)is 1S61," iiicluiliiig Pylot and liattin's nia|) (i6i6), Koss (1S18), Inglc- ficld (1852), Kane (1855), and Hayes (iS6i). 122. A. D. 1619. Hudson's Straits and Bay. An cnRravcd map in La Pcyr6rc's Reciieil 33) also calls the Asiatic Island by the name of Greenland. 124. A. D. 1631. Hudson's Bay and Greenland by Capt. James. An engraved map in Capt. 'riiomas James's S/raiii^c' and /)/ts I'ovin^v, 1633, inscribed "The platt of sayling for the discoveiye of a Passage into the South Sea, 1631, 1632." Kohl calls it the earliest map of Hudson Pay giving the entire shore from observation. His latiindes ^le nearly correct: he omits longitudes. There is a facsimile of part of it in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iii. 96. 12s. A. D. 1633. Northern parts by Fox. An engraved map in Luke Fox's iWntlnveaste Foxc, London, 1633. It shows the east coast of North .Anvirica froui the Hudson River, including Hudson's and P.Ttrin's liavs, to ("irecnland, and the west oast above Cape Meiulocino to a point north of the straits which sei)arated what was then sup- posed to be the Island of California at its northern end from the main. — A. D. 1636, etc. Maps of liaffin's Pay by Luke Fox (163G), Hex- ham's Mercator-Hondius (1636), Moll (1706), Har- rington ( 181S), and modern charts are given in Mark- ham's royaxc of IVilliam Baffin, published by the Hakluyt Society, iSSi. The Fox map is reproduced in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of Amcriui, iii. 98. — A. D. i64.t-C3. An engraved map of Iceland I)y Du Val in La Pcyrere's Relation de Tlslande, Pans, 1663. — A. n. 1646. Robert Dudley's map of the St. Lawrence and ad- jacent (larts, continued in \\\f. Arcano d-t Mart (Flor- ence, 1647), p. 52 ; and sketched in the A'ar. and Crit. Jlist. of America, iv. 3S8. It is called in Dudley : "D 'America Carta prima." — A. i>. 1656. Sanson's I.e Canada includes the region about Hudson's Pay. — A. D. 1660. The Tabula NoTiT Franciir of Du Creux or Crcux- iiis, of which a portion is given in facsimile in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 3S9. — A. D. i66r. North America in the Zee-Atlas of Van Loon. — A. D. 1662. "A chart of Hudson's Straights and Bay, of Davis's Straights an- pcnhaKcn edition "f 1727- I'Vobislicr's Straits arc rci)rcscntedas cutting oil the southern i)art ot Orccn- iand. 132. A. D. 1747. Wager's Bay by EUia. An inlet in the northwest part of IIudson|s Bay, mapped by Lllis, wlio accompanied Moor. — A, I). 1728- The Alliis marilimns et Comvieremlls, T-ondon, 172S, has Smith It was named on Middieton's voyage. and — A. D. 1746-47- A map of Hudson's Bay and adjacent parts in the German edition of Henry Ellis's /vVw nach a map of the St. Lawrence Gulf, antl the Northeastern coasts. 128. A. D. circa 1730. Between Lake Superior and Hudson's Bay. A MS. map by Dc la Vcranderie preserved in the DenAl de la Marine in Paris. " IX.nncc par Mon- .sieur de la Oalissoniere, 1750." , It shows tj.e coun- try between Lake Superior and Hudson Lay, wilU its waters and portages, and forts and tradmg-iiosts. 129. A. D. 1730. Country Northwest of Lake Superior. An Indian map, made by Ochagach, preserved in the Depot de la Marine, showing water-ways .and nortaees. Kohl supposes it to have been carried to Europe by De la Vcranderie, who used it m compd- ing map no. 128. 130. A. D. 1740. Hudson Bay Country. Kohl calls this map a sketch of the territory ex- plored bv De la Vcranderie, and says the ongmal in the Depot de la Marine at I'aris is called, "Carte dcs Nouvclles decouvxrtes dans I'ouest du Canada ct des nations <|ui y habitent. Dressee, dil-on, sur les Mcmoires de Monsieur de la Vcranderie, mais fort iniparfaite a ce -47- IJr^g'-' accompanied Smith and Moor on this voyage. , , •. Tiierc is a cluut of Hiid"~r,n T..iy and straits ac- cordini- to the discoveries between lOioand 1743 "> Dragc'i Aeeonnt of a Voyage for the Diseiwery of a Northwest passage, London, 1748, vol. 1., and m vol. ii. the same map as that used by Kohl. llie \jeinnii ^vtiifii *" .*wjiry ^ -^ Hudson's meerbuseu, Giittingen, 1750- , ' '"« '"•'^P. '^ not in the Harvard College copies of the English and French editions. 133. A. D. 174S. Hudson's Bay by Ellis. An engraved map in Henry Ellis's Voyage to Hud- son's h'av, London, 17.JS, an .account of the expedi- tion of Francis Smith and \Vm. Moor. I he map was re-engraved in the German edition, Gottingen, 17=0; aiul in the French edition, Paris, 1749. It shows the region from California to Greenland, and north of Lake ICrie. The expedition was fitted out bv Eondon merchants, and after rarlianient in 1743 had offered A^cooo for the discovery of a north- west passage. Kohl remarks that the discoveries of Hudson, liatfin, Fox, and James are not well delin- eated by Ellis. 134. A. D. 1763. Hudson Bay by Bellin. Without comment by Kohl. 135. A. D. 1774. Hudson's and Baffin's Bays by Samuel Dun. An engraved map, showing all the inlets of Hud- son's Hay dosed up at their interior extremities, m- di.ating the end of the belief in a westerly p.assage Ijcing discovered through any of them. Baffin s Bay is represented as a large oval, among some of whose western passages (it is stated on the map) a pas^sage may yet be iiossible to the Pacific. " Christian Sea (King Christian's Sea) discovered by Munk in 1629, is put in the northerly part of Baffin's instead of Hudson's Bay. — A. D. 1774- Map of the north Polar regions in the The Journal of the Voyage by J'hifps and l.utwidge, London, 1774. 136. A. D. 1765. Greenland by Cranz. An engraved map in David Cranz's Historie von Grontaud, 1766, and second edition, 1770; repeated in the English translation, London, 1767. — A. D. 1783. Map of the Arctic regions in J.^ R. Forster's Voy- ages and Diseoveries made in the North. 137. A. D. 1785- Hudson's Bay Country by Pond. A MS map in the archives of the Hudson's Bay company in London, inscribed: "Copy of a map presented to the Congress by Peter Pond, a native of Milford in the Suite of Ccmnecticut. Ihisextraor- dinarv man has resided seventeen years m those countries, ami trom iiis own discoveries as well as from the reiiorts of the Indians, he assures himselt of having at last discovered .1 passage to the North Sea. He is gone again to ascertain some important 28 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. observations. New York, ist March, 1785, copied by St. John do Crevecoeur for his Grace of La Rochefoucaiilt." Pond's various sojourns are indi- cated, — the most southern on St. Peter's (Missis- sippi) River, 1774; the most northern near Lalvc Athabaska, 1782-83. He puts down the great North- ern Sea too far south by ten degrees. 138. A. D. 1789 and 1793. Discoveries of Alex- ander Mackenzie. ^ Mackenzie started from Fuit Ciiipewyan on the ^ake of the Hills, in June, 17S9, and followed the river now known by his name to near its junction with the Northern Sea. In 1793 he followed the Unjijah or Peace River to the Uorky Mountains, thence to the Pacific. Mackenzie seems to have used Arrowsmith's map and Vancouver's surveys, in this map, which accompanies the books which he published about his explorations. 139. A. D. 1790. Hudson's Bay Country by Turner. A MS. map in the archives of the Hudson Bay company in London, inscribed: "Chart of lakes and rivers in North America by Philipp Turner." Turner was the surveyoi of the company and made his jirin- cipal exploration in 1790-92, in company with Peter riedler, his successor as surveyor; and of this ex- ploration Turner wrote an account preserved in the company's archives, of which this map was an illus- tration. Kohl calls it the oldest of the tolerably correct surveys which we "-ave between the Saskats- chawan River and Slave JLake. The rivers whose course is put down from Indian reports are marked by two crosses. 140. A. D. 1799. Greenland and Baffln's Bay by Laurie and Whittle. An engraved chart published in London. It shows the notions prevailing before Ross's explorations. — A. D. 181 1. A map of the Arctic regions in E. A. W. von Zimmermann's Die Erde und Hire Beiuohncr. Leinzic 1811. ' ^ *" — A. D. 1818. A general map of the Arctic regions in Barring- ton s Posstbthty of approaching the North Pole, Lon- don, 18 18. — A. D. 1S18, Map of the route of the ship "Alexander" in Baihn's Kay, by W. E. Parry, in a Journal of a l-'ova-v of D,sco7'e,y to the Arctic regions, 1818, published at London [1819J. — A. D. 1818. A facsimile of map of the Arctic regions in iSiS with discoveries since that date inserted in red, given m Hall s Second Arctic Expedition, Washington, 1879, — A. D. 1818-23. Map of the discoveries by Ross, Parry, and Frank- lin, m Franklin's Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea, London, 1823. — A. D. 1819-20. Map of Arctic regions showing route of Parry's ships, in his Journal of a Foyagr for the Discovery of a North-west passage, London, 1621. — A. D. 1819-54, Chart of discoveries in the Arctic Seas in Pelcher's Last of the Arctic Voyages, London, 1855. — A. D. 1820. Arctic regions by Wm. Scoresby, jr., including Koss s explorations, in An Account of the Arctic Regions, by VV. Scoresby, jr., London, 1S20. 141. A. D. 1820. Hudson's Bay Cotmtries by Harmon. It shows the country from Hudson's Bay .and Lake Superior on the east to the Pacific on the west. Harmon was an officer of the Hudson's Bay Company who published this map in a journal of his explorations. — A. D. 1821-23. Map of Parry's second route, in his Journal of a Voyage for the Discovery of a Northwest Passoi'e, London, 1824, with detailed maps in the same volume. — A. D. 1S22. Map of Greenland by Scoresby in a Journal of a Voyage to the Northcni IVhalc Fisheries, by W .Scoresby, jr., Edinburgh, 1823, with a special chart ot surveys on the east coast. 142. A. D. 1S23, Arctic Regions after Parry. Parts north of Hudson's Bay. Kohl does not comment on it. 143. A. D. 1824. East Greenland by Scoresby. Without comment by Kohl. — A. D. 1S24-25. Map of Prince Regent's inlet drawn by Parry and Head, m Parry's Third Voyage. 144. A. D. 1833. Proposed Route of Capt. Back. See Royal Geographical Society's Journal, iii. 64. 145. A. D. 1S33-34. Back's River. See Royal Geographical Society's Journal, vol. vi. ( ih36). It shows his exploration, beginning at the Great Slave Lake, of the Great Fish River, never before followed, when he started to relieve Capt. Koss, then supposed to be confined in the ice, north- west of Hudson's Bay. 146. A. D. 1834. Back River. Another map of the same region, without comment by Kohl. 147. A. D. 1836-37. Hudson's Strait. It shows the track of the " Teirnr," following a map in the koyal Geographical Society's journal, vol. VII., accompanying Capt. Back's report on the north- e.astcrn shore of Southampton Island, — the closest observation since Baffin's voyage in 1C15. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 29 f Countries by 148. A. D. 1840. Peel River by Isbiater. In Royal Geographical Society's Journal, xv. ■x\x, accompanying an account by A. K. Isbister, of his explorations not only of Peel River, but also of Red and other branches of the Mackenzie River, flowing to the Arctic Sea. — A. D. 1845. The Arctic regions as known in 1845, — a copy of the map supplied to the Franklin expedition, ni Hall's Second Arctic Expedition, Washington, 1879. 149. A.D. 1851. Arctic Coast explored by Dr. Rea. An engraved map extracted from the Royal Geog. Society's Journal (1852), xxii. 73, where it is accom- panied by two reports of explorations in search of Sir John Franklin. — A. D. 1850-51. A map of Wellington Channel and Grinncll land by Lt. De Haven and Capf. Penny, in Peter Force s pamphlet on Grinnell land, 1852. 150 A. D. 1851-52. Discoveries of Kennedy and Bellot. This shows the exploration of travelling parties from the ship " I'rince Albert," wintered at North Somerset, on Prince Regent inlet, m search of Sir John Franklin's party. It is copied from one in the Royal Geog. Society's Journal, xxiu. (1853.) 151. A. D. 1852. Smith Sound by Inglefleld. Copied from a map in the Royal Geog. Society's yotirnal, vol. xxiii., accompanying a report of Capt. E. A. Ingleficld, who was the first to examine the sound forming the northern parts of Baffin s Hay, Baffin himself having only seen its beginning in 1615. — A. D. 1861, etc. North polar chart in Sir John Ricbar i s Polar /^caions ( 1861 ) ; maps of the " American /. .c Sea, •• Smith Sound" and "North Polar Regions ir. C. R Markham's Threshold of the Unknown Region, i873- %• No attempt is made to enumerate the multitude of recent maps of the Arctic regions. I by Scoresby. wn by Parry and .ithout comment 30 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. />''. V. CANADA. /J*^ •*• The best enumeration of maps covering Canada which t has yet been printed is in Harrisse's Cabots and his Notes sur •^ Iti NouveUt Franct. C£. maps under sections II. and III., anti. f — A. D. 1508. Respecting the apocryphal map of Jehan Denys, see Nar. ami Crit. Hist, 0/ America, iv. p. 36. — A. D. 1521. Respecting the extremely doubtful map attributed to Lazaro Luis, sec Nar. and Crit. Hist. 0/ America, iv. p. 37. — A. D. 1532. The map in Zieglcr's ScJiondia, etc., Strasburg, 1532 and 1536, shows vaguely the Bacallaos coast. It IS given in facsimile in the Nar. and Crit. IJist. America, vol. ii. — A. D. 1534. A map by Gasp.ar Viegas of Kewfoundland and the Gulf of St. Lawrence is depicted in Kohl's Dis- coi'ery of Maine, pi. xviii. — A. D. 1542. , Maps in Rotz's Idrography. — A. D. IS4S' The charts of Jean Allefonsce of the region of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, which are sketched in the Narrative and Crit. Hist. ,>/ America, iv. 74 ct sen.; some of which are also given in Wcisc's Discoveries of America, 355, and in Murphy's V'errazzano. — A. D. 1545. Carte des Cotes Nord-est de PAmcrique, in the Musee Corrcr at Venice, noted by Harrisse, Notes sur la NoHvelle France, no. 1S8. 152. A. D. 1546. Canada and Labrador by Juan Treire. It shows the coast from 34° N. Lat. to 72° N. Lat., and develo])s the Gulf and River St. "Law- rence. It is called : Carte dii Canada, Labrador, e. t., tirJe ifune Portidan Portu^ais de Famiee 1 546 dans la possession de Monsieur le V. unte lSantarem'\ de Paris. Kohl considers that Sjianish, Portuguese, and French authorities were used. lie assigns the regions of the Cortereals — esta he a tcra dos Cart- Reals — io the territory between what seems to be Penobscot Bay and the St. I,awrcnce. The names along the latter river are French, corrupted by Por- tuguese ; and so on the eastern coast of Newfound- land, whose western coast is not drawn. There are various imaginary islands in the Atlantic. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. p. 86. . 153. A. D. 1546. Newfoundland by Freire. Contained in a Portuguese portolano, of which Libri published, says Kohl, in Loudon a facsimile. It is inscribed : Joham Freire a fez era de 546. It shows the eastern coasts of Labrador and New- foundland from Hudson's Straits south, the south- western coast of Newfoundland, and the opposite coast of Cape Breton. (Libri sale, Mar. 20, 18 w, £,f)i.) ^^' 154. A. D. 1547. East Coast of North America by Nicolas Vallard, of Dieppe. The coast is given from the end of Florida to the Labrador shore, developing the Gulf and River St. Lawrence. It is part of a MS. map in the Sir 1 homas Phillipps collection. The map is endorsed J'erre de Pacahs. The source of the delineation south of Cape Breton is Spanish, and it shows no trace of Verrazano. Kohl thinks that, for the region north of Cape Breton, the map is based on the maps of Alfonse and Cartier. He remarks on the half Portuguese name of the St. Lawrence, — j\'w do Canada. The G. lorens of the map is not the great gulf, but a small bay opposite the north shore of Anticosti. The eastern shore of Newfoundland has a mi.\ture of French and Portuguese names. On Labrador they are mosfy Portuguese. The name of Vallard may signify ownership rather than mark the maker. Cf. Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 86, and for a sketch, p. 87. 155. A. D. 1547, A less perfect copy of the preceding. 156. A. D. 1548. Canada. The coa.st from Greenland (apparently) to Nova Scotia, with the Gulf and River St. Lawrence devel- oped. Part of a mappemonde which was communi- cated to Kohl by Jomard, and thought, as Kohl says, by the latter to have been made by order of Henri II. A figure of Robeval among his soldiers is drawn on the map. The northern parts of the Atlantic arc called Mer de France; the more southerly, Mer d'Fsfaigne. Newfoundland is a group of islands. St. Laurens is a small bay, as in no. 154. The St. Lawrence river is not naiiied, but the Saguenay (R. du S.ignay) is. Since Kohl's day, R. H. Major has deciphered an inscrijnion which assigns its author- ship to Pierre Desccliers in 1546. Jomard gives it in facsimile ; it is sketched in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. p. 85. — A. D. 1548. Gastaldi's map, " Delia terra nova Bacalaos." in the Italian Ptolemy of 1548. 157. A. D. 155-? Canada. This represents North America as an island, of which the St. Lawrence is a central basin Some- where on the coast of South C^arolina a strait con- nects the Atlantic with the Western Sea, which also washes all the northern confines of the land. New- foundland is divided by channels, as in the Ramusio map of 1556, and the names on the Eastern shore are Portuguese with French transformations. The names on the lower portion of the Atlantic co.tst are of Spanish origin. The Atlantic has the usual sprinkling of imaginary islands. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Ameriui, iv. p. Sy. 158. A. D. 1 55- ? The same, less perfect. I ^ St THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EA.iLY MAPS. 31 ■s era de 546. It rador and New- south, the south- md the opposite e, Mar. 20, 1859, forth America Dieppe. 3f Florida to the ilf and River St. map in the Sir map is endorsed the delineation and it shows no at, for the region sed on the maps irks on the half rence, — J^io do i is not the great north shore of :wfoundland has :se names. On ese. The name ither than mark ist. America, iv. ig- rently) to Nova '^awrence devel- 1 was communi- it, as Kohl says, der of Henri II. ers is drawn on he Atlantic are southerly, Mer oup of islands. . 154. The St. e Saguenay (R. ^ H. Major has igns its author- fomard gives it A'ar. and Crit. \ Bacalaos." in s an island, of basin Some- a a strait con- iica, which also ic land. Ncw- n the Ramusio Eastern shore niatioiis. The Atlantic co.ist has the usual is sketched in [J. Sy. 159. A. D. 1556. La Nuova Francia in ' mu- Bio. A CODV from the e.igraved map in Ramusio. Kohl suspects that it may have been drawn alter Tehan Dcny's lost map, and Miat Kamusio did not Ce access to Cartier's charts. It is reproduced in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 91, and in Weise's Discmieries of America, p. 356. 159 a. A. D. 1556. Another copy of the same. The two maps of Galtaldi in Ramusio. "Terra de Labrador et Nova Francia" and "Terra de Hochclaga nella nova Francia," are supposed to have been made m 1553. Cf. llarrisse, Notes, nos. 292, 293. 160. A. D. 15561?) Newfounaiand, etc. It also shows Labrador .-ind the coast of M.iine, and is taken from a portolano in the British Mu- seum, and in its catalogue it is described .is on vellum in the Spanish langur.ge, and executed in the sixteenth century." The coast stretches from 45 to 64° north latitude. It resembles, so f.ir as it cocs. no. I 52, but it has no indication of the OuU or River St. Lawrence. It is sketched m the ^ar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 87. 161. A. D. 1 558. Canada and adjacent parta by Diego Homem. It shows the eastern coast of North America from 28° N Lat to 70°. The 15ay of Fundy is developed, and the basin of the St. Lawrence is converted mto a northern ocean. The original is in a MS. atlas by Homem in the British Museum. The n.ames ot the St. Lawrence re 3°i' — A.D. 1613. Champlain's map, which is reproduced in the Boston and Quebec editions of his works; and in part in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, ly. p. 3S3. The edition of 1613 had various smaller local maps. 166. A. D. 161 3. Canada and Norumbega by J. Oliva. Showing the coast from 42° N. Lat. to 68°, with the course of the St. L.iwrence. The original is in a MS portolano in the British Museum, marked . Toannes Oliva fecit in ciritate Marsilia-, anno 1613. Newfoundland, as Kohl remarks, is """f '^I'y ,^^^" drawn ; but the rest of the map is much behind the best knowledge of the time. See ante, no. 90. 167 A. D. 1625. New England and New France, from Purchaa. The main sources of this map appear to be Les- carbofs map of New France and John Smith s map of New England. The original appeared m Pur- chas's Pilgrims, following one in Sir Wi ham Alex- ander's Encouragemcvt to Colonies (1624). it is given in part in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iii. ch. 9. 168. A. D. 1626. Newfoundland by Mason. The original is an engraved map in The Golden Fleece, by Orpheus, Junior, London, 1626. The map s inscril^ed: "Newfoundland described by Cintaine John Mason, an industrious Gent., who spe'nt seven yeares in the Countrey." Cf. Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 379- 169. A. D. 1630. New France by De Laet. It shows the coast from Cape Cod to Labrador ind as far inland as Lake Champlain. The original fs in cncraved map in De Lact's Nicmve Wereldt. The"mTi?":!parJntly based on the maPS of Pur- rl,-i the Nar. and Crit. Htst. America, iv. pp. 386, 387. bM 22 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 171. A. n. 1632. An unfinished sketch of the same map. 172. A. D. arai 1640. Canada. — A. D. 1641 (?). — A. D. 1647. — A. D. 1656. 39.. Cf. Harrisse. N^S^!; nt^.f .'"'''''"' '"• ''• 173. A. D. 1660. New Prance. f j^y. »-i. iiarnsbe, JVoU-s, etc., no. 329. — A. D. 1662. — A. Pof Nicolas inS.'L!J'o?/:J-?Y^ "'■■'^^ a.sketch is given repeated b^Bh^uffy;""^''' ''■ P' 39'- I? was — A. D. 1663. A map of the course of the St T -i .rr„«.-> t which a sketc!: is given in the Ai^«^'?!"^^>,°/ of Amcnca, iv. ]3. 148. ^"- -"'••'• A map in the Jesuit Rdation of i66--^,t nf ™1,- u 174. A. D. ,««. Lake. ChMnplaia .nd On- tano. tChimiS'',; 7"" "■=' erands lacs Ontario « IV. p. -J T 2. Cf V-^\Ur.„ r %, ■'''•^'- ■^""'^"^<^, 135.U HaSseyS; ef^', ^f -/>-.->. iii- 175. A. D. ,066. Lakes Ontario and Cham- plai.n. D. 1666. /.^ CaiMJa oit 1,1 ATouvelU France Sanson, I'.nris, 1666. ^runce The same, bv Frederic de Witt rois These 'fe Vrom""p % 335.) says he bor- — A. D. 1668. KaS^tta.tS.^Sir^X*"^"""" 176. A. D. 1670. Lake Superior. >S!^Ltrv;^7^^r ticHin^r^i'" ^•^^ are gi.x.„ in Bancroft^'s ^^//iS^on-g'e'J'^iT^ 340. ' 3'3- Cf. Harnsse, A'.j/w, etc., no. — A. D. 1670. 1 ■'>^j- '-'• uairisse, yVi7/t>j- no. 200 — A. D. 1670. The No7'i Bel,s:ii Tabula in ORilby's Am.ri.n r, .169^ re,,roduced in the AV. a«/c J ^f/'S^ — A. D. 1 67 1. De^n'6t ^JY. "'{.^"f"'''''"^.^ MS. in the library of the Si:^ etc., no 20"'"' ^' ^^"^' """^'^ - "'--e! — A. D. 1673. 20^; cannot now be found. l-^v^^^J, etc., — A. D. 1673. T,9"''.' .'^" missions des PP. yhuites sur r^ ;,. j The original is in the Dep6t de la Marine a* oLc narrisse, Aoies, etc., no. 201- -"oa . I" the A^,,n riW O/A //«A A»u-rira iv rn •.o.Sl ofi'aj.;>''p^,S°,:y^/tt'',:f.n2 book (p. 215) is .another earlv map of the InsinT,' the Great Lakes from the Pirkmnn r,.i^>J (p. 218) a sketch of To e^J«e";,>°",*^'^ '",';. ''«»rt IfTrris>;o A'^f -jjiiec. ^. arte vjcncralc. ' Ci. iiarris.se, Aofes, etc., nos. 214, 142, ,4:, a, tn il,!^ Andreas's C/i/aTfc;, i. 47. ^^" "'="'' '« ^'«« "» THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 33 ice: par Nicolas — A. D. 1676. Pascaertt van Terra nova, Ncma Francia, Nietnu Eiii^lelami en tie Groole Kr.-ier van CauJa in Rt)gge- vcen's Tourbe Ardente, aiul in the English edition, Tke Burning Fen. 178. A. D. 1677. Canada by Du Val. This map is inscribed as follows : " Le Canada, fai par Ic Sr. de Chaniplain ou sent la Nouvelle France, Nmi Anglet, Nou I loll, Nou Suede, Vir- ginie, et autres terrcs nouvellement decouvcrtes siiiva'nt les meinoires de T. du Val, Geogr. uu Roy, Paris 1677." Cf. Nar. and Crit. Ili^f. of America, iv. p. 388. Harrisse, Motes, etc. (no. 331), gives an edition of 1664, as well as that of 1677 (no. 348). — A. D. 1679. Map of Jolict's route from Tadoussac north, in the Archives of the Marine in Paris. Harrisse, Notes, etc., no. 207. Various sectional maps, preserved in the library of the Marine at Paris, are noted in Harrissc's Notes, etc., nos. 209-213. — A. D. 16S1. A map (27° to 44° N. Lat.) in the library of the Marine at Paris, made by Franquelin. Cf. Har- risse, Notes, etc , no. 215, and others of Franquelin, in nos. 216, 217, 218. 179. A. n. rirca 1683. The Great Lakes and the Upper Missiasippi by Raffeix. It is called : " Parties Ics plus occidcntales du Canada." It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 233. Harrisse {.Notes, no. 238) puts it under the year i688. — A. D. 1683. Hennepin's Carte de la Nouvelle France in his Dcuription de la Louisiane There arc facsimiles in Shea's translation of that book; in Winchell s Gcol. Sui-vev of Minnesota, pi. 6; and it is given in part in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Ame.-ica, iv. p. 249- This may be compared with Hennepin's Carte d tin trls erandpays in the editions of his Nouvelle Dkonverte of 1697, 1698, 1704. 1711. etc., and of which a fac- simile (in part) is given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 251. Cf. also Ikeesc s Early Hist, of Illinois, p. 98 , . , r Hennepin's Carte (Pun tr?s grand pais (1697, 1 704. etc., and with English names in the English edition) is also in facsimile in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Amer- ica, iv. 252-253. Cf. Harrisse, Notes, etc., no. 219, 352- — A. D. 1684-1686. Franquelin's great map of 1684, sec ante, under no. 100, and Harrisse's Notes, nos. ^^\^n- 1 »*= map (16S5) which Fr.anquelin made of the St. Law- rence, after material furnished by Jolict Harrisse Notes, no. 229. Franciuelin's maps (1686) noted in Harrisse, nos. 2-1, 232,— of one of which there is a copy in the Parliamentary Library (Canada), bee its Caialo-ue, p. 1616. — A. D. 1685. Pnrtie de la Nouvelle France par Hubert Jaillot. Cf. Harrisse, Notes, etc., no. 354. — A. D. 1687. Pierre AUmand's discoveries between Quebec and udsij Archives Hudson's P.ay, as given in the map preserved in the of the Marine. Harrisse, Notes, no. 233. 180. A. D. 1688. Ontario and Erie by Raffeix. It is inscril)ed : " Le lac Ontario avec les licux circon oisins ct particulierement Les Cinq Nations Iroquoises, 1688.'' The original is in the National Librarj at Paris. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 234. Cf. Harrisse, Notts, no. 237. — A.D. 1688. Franquelin's map of the Upper Lakes and the Upper Mississippi as given in Neill's Mintusota (1882); Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. pp. 230, 7X1 ; and in Winchcll's Geol. Survey of Minnesota, I'lnal Report, i. pi. 2. Cf. Harrisse, Notes, nos. 234, 240. Coronelli and Tillemon's printed maps (1688) of Partie occidentale du Canada {sketched in Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 232), and Partie oritntalt. Cf. Harrisse, Notes, etc., nos. 359, 361. — A. D. 1691. Carte generalle de la Nouvelle France, etc. Cf. Harrisse, Notes, etc., no. 364 ; also no. 367. Nuova Francia e Lui^^tana, in // Genio vagante, Parma, 1691. — A. D. 1692. Franquelin's Nouvelle Frame. Cf. Harrisse, NoUt^ no. 248. — A. D. 169'). Le Canada Ly H. Taillot, showing the routes be- tween the lakes and Hudson's Bay. Lc Cordicr's Carte de la Baye de Canada, etc. Ct. Harrisse, Notes, etc., no. 372. — A. D. 1699. Franquelin's Partie de PAmirique Septentrionale ou est compris la Noui'elle France, preserved in the library of the Marine, and noted in Harrisse, Notes^ no. 259. — A. D. 1703. La Hontan's map of the great lakes in his New Vow'^es, London, 1703; redrawn ni his Mhnoires de PAme'riaue, vol. ii ; and also in the editions of 1709 and .;.3. A facsimile of the 1703 map IS given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, »v. p. 260. — A. D. 1709. The Carte n'nJrale de Canaa : in the La Haye ed. fi7O0) of La Hontan, which v as repeated in his \hmoires, ( 1741 ), vol. iii. It is ^iven in sections in Ihe Nar. and Crit. Hist, of A^ienca, iv. pp. 1^ .>i;S "CO His map of the " Riviere Longue, m the Nolr'eanx Voyages, (1709). vol. i. p. 136. . is repro- duced in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 261. 34 :i]!!t^2!!hf^!:!f^™^oF early maps. VI. EAST COAST OF NORTH AMERICA. — A. D. 1500-I541. (•S26) ^ 1. ne' ; :;r'':i "^v's'- ^V""^ i''a'.c?scuj '539). the N^u.cygol^^ ..''Sh';''''-'^ V. ,,„nuh,no 1541. etc. ^"* ' '"'■ ^^'t-'ri-ator gores of ra|.he,soft[;So^„ ,'>■''," •■*'"""« "'^' '-'•'f'"'.'- on' earlier ,,.,j!;cs' '' "''>' ^''''''' ^'" ''"'» flcscril,e;i Ga>,,/. AU;r. ^!ril' ,885!' ^"^'^' '" ""-■ ^^' ^^ ^/-/• 181. A. D. 1542. From Cape Breton to Florida oy Rotz. ' are corru,ncV \cr .^ ;l''r' i';""-^;,"" '''^. ^"■''^t le!,'e,ul, " The new f» mlr. . .' ^^'"'"' '^ "'c i" whid, 1....^.;!: ' n!^^ ,iSl!wh^ '""^■^' ""'' — A. D. 1542. — A. n. 1543. Jho map of Eaptista Agncse. See under no. 56. — A. D. 1544. — A. D.I 545. — A.I). 1545. 'I'lie iiiai) in Mcdiin'j ,1../^ j — A. D. 1516. — A.D. 1547. — A.D. 1548. The maps in the Ptolemy of ic,8 Sec „„f. iiiuler no. cS. The "Cnr. ..,.,.; ^- .'• r„ ■ ., . J , ' "^ »-ait.i mar na is lmvch n facsmnle .a the Aar. a,ui Cn, JJ.st. 'of i^r..^;; — A.D. 1550. TlS?fi'e '■}.""''•!" '^.■■"""■^'". P"t about this date, inut are facsimiles m the X,ir. and Crit J/m refcrr,.,'l''f ""I" '"^'""King to the l^iccardi palace, a^c^ of the inuUlle of this ccnturv preserved n the .'■'"".lieca Ricc.y.liana. and in the' Rnv 1 j'i Ir v — A. D. 15s-. A M.S. map which belonged to Tomard a sketch 182. A.D. i5s-(?) Prom the MississlppiC?) River to 45° N. siii^'Th^'" ''t ^'"•■"•'" '"^ ••'Pl'a-cntlv the Missis- ■''irp'- I he country is ca led " T.tvi \]..\ 1; , dos Aullol,"_.hoiht hv Kohl to he^'cn ruSn prohalily a record. It is from a MS. atlas (iccfi- iS'^fi) m the Iintish Museum. A man. IKe a CliiS man. and an elephant are depicted in the inteWor 183. A. D. iss-{,'). From Nova Scotia to Texas. From a M.S. atl.xs in the Donee collection in fhe Kodleian library. Texas is called " Ton ra" Tl,^ country north of the (;ulf of Mexico is Sd-c'd fda " A I ^'"!'''''' •"•■"."'^ "f ""-^ continent is " Flor- 'da. A lion asleep ,s depicted in the interior. - A. D. I55-(?) A map of Martines in an atlas in the British THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAI'S. 35 ississlppi (?) ;ia to Texas. — A. u. ISS4- 'llie lltllcro map (see ante, no. ()4), of which a facMiiiiilc H j;iv'jii in tlic A'lir, anii Cnt. Hist. Aiiwr- ,01, vol. viii. , , , li;i|)list.i AniicsL-'s ati;i.H of 1 55 J also shows the east coast ii> !>cvcr.il maps. — A.I). 1556. The map of the two Americas in Uanuisio shows the east coast of North America. It is in facsimile in the A'lir. and Crit, Hist. Aiiterica, ii. 228. Cf. anh; no. 66. Tlic nuq) of Vopell' 1 mentioned nndcr no. 66, aiiti;. Tlicre is a facsimile of it in the A'nr.and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 436. — A. 1). 1558. In the atlas of DicRo Tlonicm in the Ikitish Museum. There is a skelcli in ihe \.ir. ,iiitl Crit. Hist. AiHiiiau iv. 92, ami in II. II. li.mcroft's North- •west Coast, i. 50. bee ante, no. O7. — A. n. 1561. Kiiscelli's "Tierra Nueva " in tlie Ptolemy of li;6l. Sec ante, under no. 69, anil a slictch and references in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Ainerim, iv.y2. 184. A.I). 1562. From Cape Breton to Flor- ida, by D. Quitierrez. From an cngraveil map, Ameriar sizv i/invtir orhis fartis inn'.i et exactiisiina dcscri/>lio. ^'l/ii/inv J)uxo Ciitierro, IViilifti ''•X'-''' Ifi^t- cosmo};r,if'lio. Hieron. CiH-h exiud. 1562. If tlie " lla. de S. Maria" is our Chesapeake, the " R. Salado " (Salt river) and " R. do S. Spirito" arc relies of early Spanish visits to the I'otoniac rci^ion. The coast further north is as confused in outline and names, as usual, for this period. 185. A. I). 1565. Florida, etc., by Lemoyne. This extends from the So'.th Carolina to the Alabama coast, and the ori.i^inal is an engraved map in the Brevis Narratio, clescribing Laudonniere's expedition, as published in 1591 by l>c Ihy. The Spanish names on the Carolina coast indicate th;'.t Lemoyne used Siianish drafts of that coast. A trace of the sea of V^errazano is seen at the north. The map is reproduced in (laffarel's Floridc Fran- faise, in Shipp's Dc .Sola and Florida, and in part in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. 274. — A. D. 1566. The map of Nicholas des Liens in the Bibliothtquc Nationale at Paris. It shows the coast from La- brador to Venezuela. It is sketched in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 79. — A. D. 1 566. Zalticri's map. See ante, under no. Tx). There is .1 facsimile in the iVar. and Crit. Hist. America, ji. p. 451. — A. D. 1568. The map of Diegus in the Eoyal Library at Dres- den shows the east coast. — A. O. 1569. The great Mcrcator map. The east coast is shown in the sketch in the A'ar. and Cnt Hist. America, iv. (J4 (also in ii. p. 452) ; and in a facsimile, ll of the Mcrcator type in Popcllinifere's Trois nwndcs shows the east coast. 36 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. — A. D. '585 nc llry drawings „, the llritis). Mur.cmn, ami (irst engraved for Or. K.hvar.l l';gglcs.on's paper n he C^»nrj> A/.,^„z,;„, November, iSS.r A sLetd o h is g.ven .n the Aar. and Crit. J/ut, AmcrUa,t.ll — A. D. 1587. The map in Ilakluyt's edition of Peter Martyr Lf. ««/<•, under no. 79. «»"ji. The map (,5X7) j,, Johannes Myritius' Opusculum CeosrapliHum, Ingolstadi, 1590. /-^cuum 189. A. D. 1590. Old Virginia by John White. This .show.s Chesapeake bay and the North Caro- ma coast. This is the map l.y Dc l!ry attache, to en'Ls of Kalcigh's company in icSc. The mi) is r it'!: "-t;;;e Joanne NV^h ; s.?u^,tore The'io,^ r,w Wi ■> } ^ ''^•'"•'^■^■•'^ With to be the .same as Gov. Uhite ,,f that colony. Parts of the man ai^ supposed to have Ijcen drawn from Ralph Jane's Lnt. ///,,/. Am.nai.ux. 134. Other facsimiles are fmf hv wl' ''■'""■''••■': "^ ^'"-"^ ^■'^'■"'"■•■' I'y lawks The "()uld VirKinia," in Smith's r;,wnj// //is- tone closely resembles this map. adding however the entrance to the Chesapeake at the nortn 190. A. D. 1590. The same. A rough sketch. 191. A. D. 1590 Roanoke Island and Albe- marie Sound, by White. wT^°.°'■'P"^' °^ ^■'•^ '^ ■" the engraved series of Whjtes drawing.,, published l,y l)e I! y "'" h nSi S ''?^"'" "^ "''^ i;"gli«hn.cn in Virginia '' I15S4J. hcc />osf, no. 203. *" 192. A. D. 1580. Eaat Coast by P. Simon. sk-ffT •Fu''''^. Breton to the Carolina coast. A sketch without annotation by Kohl. 193. A. D. 1592. East Coast from Molineaux'B Globe. From Flop- la to the .St. Lawrence. The orieiml Riobe ,s in the Middle Temple, London. Koh ca I Ab^^,^ m"' '"'•^'".'•'="f ''^P-'ini'^li a-'d English, vrce About Nova Scotia there are traces of a Por uese r-enclatur^^^Cf. sketch in JVar. a,„ ^^V,^ — A. D. 1592. Jh'f^ '"'''''• '■'^' '■ofluced in Kunstmann's Afhs and the east coast sketched in the AW. aufcHt. Hist. Amenca, ..,. 197, with references, p. 196. — A. D. 1593. v-ornelius de Judreis. It is sketched in the V- ana cm. nisi. America, iv. 97. " The map of the Mercator type in MafTeius's His toriarum Indicarum libri XVL *•»'"-•"« s //;.;- — A. I). 1594. the Latin Lirchore'i!'',,?a'guc.iS '""'*''"'=' '" — A. n. 1596. 194. A. I). 1597. East Coast by Wytfllet. From Cape Ilrcton to South Carolina The k- i{.i . •""^'.'' ^".<'"'""<">< published in i coV K hi nnks ,t shows the earnest' attempt a raS tiic Alleghany M„untains. The parts of the to s^ ;!:nd'a Ji;;:^;- i='-"- "- ^^^ - ^^ Wvtlhit'.s ma|) of the coast of New Prunswick andllabraclorisgiven in facsimile ii^Uie a!" W cut. J/nt. Amena,, iv. 100, and of Florida md Carolina coasts in //,/,/. ii. 28.. and h s mai. ,f America, in JOiJ. ii, p. 439. ' " "'" '"''1* "^ — A. D. 1597. The maps in the Ptolemies of this year (nos. 2 20 ^^L'Slio;;:'^'^"''^'^""-''^^'"^" — A. D. 1598. The maps in the Pasle edition of Monster's Cosmo- — A. n. 1600. lie map of Quadus. See ante, no. oo. 1 he map of Molineaux, wiiich was muoduced by ti c Hakluyt Society in iSSo, and of which a sM of the east coast can be found in the a",^ „«,/ CV// J/ist. Amenca, iii. 216, i v. 377 ^'^"' ^.Thc map in Mctullus's America, based on Wyt- The map by Jodocus Hondius of about this time wh ch IS ni.roduccd in the Hakluyt Society " edition oiV)xs.V.z\ World Encom/assed. "'•"-'y » edition — A. n. 1601. The map in Ilcrrcra's Dacripdon de las Indias. — A. D. 1603. ■•t u^^^c ''^ ^"*"° '" '^'■« ^'•^orwnes, of which a sketch of a part of the cast coast is given in the A,;r. a>u/ Crit. Hist. America, iv. 378 ^ "'^ — A. E. 1606. (Mlcirid'T'^LG).''""^'^^' ""'""'"''' "' ^-'i^"^« 195. A. D. 1606 Champlain's Map of Chatham Harbor, Cape Cod. This is taken from the 1613 edition of Chamnlain • of cl:;:^^^'' '" *''^ ^-i^- --' ^-'o^Si^^^ 196. A.D. I for,. ChampIain'sMapofGlouces- '^sr Harbor, Cape Ann. This is taken from the 161 3 edition of Chamnliin • of Chassis;"" '" "''^ '' ^^ -^ ^^^^^^S^ THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 37 197 A. i).iGo6. Champlaln's Map of Bt. Croix in the 2^ar. and This in taken from tlic if)!;! edition of Champlain. It is rcpro-hKcd in ti.c Nar.,ind Cnt.Jfut. Amenca, iv. 137, ari well as In the Uositon and Ijucbcc editions of Champlain. — A. D. 1606. Chamt>lain'9 map of the harbor of riymoulh, Mass. it is reproduced from the 161 1 edition, in the Oucl)cc and Hoston editions of tlhainplain, m the .l/.;f. "/ Aiiur. /fhtorv, in 'he U.ir. ami Crf. //,./. //«/<•/•/,•,., iv. 100, and in VV. T. Davis's 4>u: LanJmarks 0/ Plymoulh, 35. — A. n. 1609. Lcscarhot's map. Cf ante, no. 165, and facsiinilo in iV^ir. and Crit. I/ist. Aiiu-nat, iv. 1 5:, with another in the A/.m,'n« map rcapinarcd in the editions of Lescarbot in lOii and 1612. and in the Iv.glish edition, called .Vt^v« Jr~fd f.rveral times by him, .and one state or another of Smith s plate has been repeatedly reproduced in later days, as described in the Mem. Hist. Uoston, to whose enu- meration may be .added the facsimile in the volumes of Th( English Scholars' Library, edited bv Edward Arber (London, I>W4). tntitUd Caft. >/'« .S/'"/A ■• Works; and the map called SouvtlU Ani^Uterre txaetemeut dkritt par U Capitaint Jean i>m>t/i dans hs deux voyai'es futts tn lOH tt 1010, published at Lcydcn in 1700. 199. A D. 1616. Nbw Netherland. This shows the coast from below Chesapeake Ray to beyond the I'enobscot, and is the »(>-ca led fig- ur.ative map," discovered in Holland by Urodhcarf. Portions of this inaj) are shown in '''<-',„-^"';v ".'"*. Crit. Hist, of America, iv. 433 : '-n'*'*'^" » ^'I''^'* State., i. 247: ^l/<"'- /'"'• />'"^''"'. '• !'• 5'-,,i^° whole map is given in Doc. relalrfetollie LolonialHtst. of N. Y.\. 13. and in O'Callaghan's A.-w Nether- land. See the section on early maps of New Eng- land in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Amerua, 111. p. 3»i. 200. A. D. 1618. Leaoarbot'B Florida. From iiiiper Florida to I'ort Royal. Taken from the plate in the 1618 edition of his Xouvelle l-rance. Kohl says some of his errors respecting the region .about St. Augustine were copied by De L.aet (sec tost, no. 203). The "Riviere de M.iy' is made to flow to the sea from a "Grand l.ic" in the lutcnor. Lescarbot professes to have marked not a thirtieth part of the Indian villages, while he names those which he gives after their chiefs. 201 A. D. 162 1. A. JaoobBZ* Americee Septon- trionalis para. This is the engraved facsimile of a p. inted map in Dr E. n. O'Callaghan's Documents relatini: to the Colonial History of Nciu York, given as "from the West-Indische rask.acrt, beschreven door A. lacoDsz fiGiil," published at Amsterdam. It show.-> the C(,.ast from Labrador to the i.sland of I nniclad, with the Central American co.ist on the Pacific side. There is a sketch of a part of the cast coast in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 3S3, and f.acsimile3 are in Valentine's Ne^v York City Manual, 1858, and in the Pcnn. Archives, 2d ser. vol. v. 202. A. D. 1622. Roanoke by Straohey. Though thus marked differently, this is the same map as no. 191. — A. n. 1622. The maps of the two Americas in Kasper von Bacrlc's edition of Herrera. — A. D. 1624. Th nap of the New England and Nova Scotia coas* which appeared in Alexander's Encourage- ment io Colonies, ^^^ reproduced in l^»'chas s Z^/- cn-im., iv. p. 1872, and is given in facsimile m the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, lu. 306. 203. A. D, 1625. Florida by De Laet. This is from the original edition of De Laet in i6-'i;, and includes the country from Virgmia cO the Miiissippi. Ic w.as repeated in later "ht'ons and is called " Florida ct regiones vicince.^ The inland ceogr.aphv is based on De Soto's purney. Ihe ^tl!!;i;lip,,i is a bav. " H.ihia del S.piritu Sa.ito," fed i,V many streams. " For Florida (peiuiisuia) nc see.ns to have depended on the accounts of Menendez, and for S.mth Carolina on Lescarbot (see ante, no. 200). An interior lake (Lacus Magnus) may have grown 38 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. from some rumor, Koh! thinks, of Lake Erie, but it was in tlie Lcscarbot's map in l(xiiiia, show- •Jorth Carolina, hcd in London ■ind Ciit. //ist. : Proi. XX. 102. ihn .Smith's, in It Amsterdam, — A. n. 1652. The general maps of America by C. F. Visschcr (autore N I. Piscator), with the special map of New Netlierland, which is reproduced by Asher. Ct. maps under no. 100, ante. 208. A. D. 1654. Lindstrom's New Sweden. This is a map of the Delaware River and Hay, made bv a .Swedish engineer. It is given m the ,\ar. „nd da. llht. America, iv. 4S1 ; Nouv. Annates if es rouKes, Mars, -1843 ; Penna. Hist. Soc. Memoirs, ni. ; Gav's Poh. [list. United Slates, w. 154. -fhc MS. map of Lindstnim was on a much larger scale, and this has been engraved m Reynolds edition of Acrelius. — A. D. 1654. A Paseaert published at Amsterdam has these maps of the coast: No. 13. From Labrador to the Chesapeake. No. 14. From Delaware Bay to Trinidad. No. 15. From Nova Scotia to Carolina. 209. A. D. 1656. Vanderdoiick'a New Nether- land. From the Delaware to beyond the Connecticut, with tlie vallov of the Hudson. It accompanied Adrian Vanderdonck's Beschi-ijvin:^e van A'leuiv Ae- dehvit, Amsterdam, 1656, and there is a heliutvpe of it ill the mr. and Ciit. J/ist. America, iv. 43S, ^i>" facsimiles are in various other places there enumer- ated, as well as in Weise's Hist. 0/ Albany, 47. 210. A. D. 1656. Sanson's Canada. Shows the coast from I^abrador to the Chesa- peake. This is a preliminary sketch. Cf. ante, under no. 172. It is partly sketched in the i\ar. and Oil. Hist. America, iii. 45^; 'v- 39'- — A. D. 1659. Map in Petavius's (Petau's) History of the World The coast charts in Donckcr's /.ee-Atlas, repeated in later editions. -n ,•. The " Novi Helgii, novxque Anglix neciion 1 artis Virginia; tabuUc '' of N. L. Visscher, published at Amsterdam, i()5g. — A. D. 1660. The map in Creuxius's f/istoria Canadensis shows the east coast. Sec ,;///.•, no. 173. This map is civen in facsimile in Shea's Alississipfi, p. 50, in the Xar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 3S9, and \\\ Martin's transl. of Bressani's Relation. — A. D. 1661. The " Pascaerte van Nieu Nederland " in Van Loon's Atlas (no. 46), and the coast north of Boston in no. 45. — A. D. 1662. A map of the Carol'na coast, as explored by Wil- liam liiUoii and diaflcd l)y William Shapley. A facsimile of the original in the ]5ritish Museum is given in the Mass. I list. Soc. Proecedinx's, December, 1SS3, ji. 402, and a sketch in the Nar. and Crtt. Hist. America, vol. v. — A. u. 1662. Map of the New England and New Netherland coast in the Blaeu Atlas, in the volume called Ame- rica, fars qninla. It was repeated in the edition of 16S5. There is a sketch in the Aar. and Crit. Hist, America, iv. 391. — A. D. 1663. The map of the new world of this date used in Ileyliu's Cosmo^-aphie, 1666, 1674, 1677. — A. D. 1663. A MS. map of the coast of Acadia, of which a copy is preserved in the Poore collection in the Mass. Archives, and is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 148. — A. D. 1666. A map of " De Noord Rivier " published at Mid- dlcburgh, and also in (lous's Zee- Atlas, shows the coast about New York harbor. It is reproduced in the Lenox edition of the l'ertooi:;h and lirceden Raedt and in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 440. — A. D. 1666. A map of the Carolina coast appended to A brief Description of the Pnn'ince of Carolina, London, 1666. The map is reproduced in Ilawks's North Carolina, and in Gay's Pop. Hist. United States, 11. 285. — A. D. 1669. The map " Amerique Septentrionale " of G. San- son. — A. D. 1670. The map of the Carolina region given in John Lcderer's Discoveries, London, 1672. There is a sketch of it in Hawks's North Carolina, and a fac- simile in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. v. — A. D. 1670-73. The maps in Montanus, Dapper, and Ogilby at this time were mainly from the same plates, but there were exceptions: 1. De niciiwe en onhehende Weereld door Arnold Montanus, Amsterdam, 1671. The map of America is marked "per Gerardum a Schagen," and repre- sents the great lakes beyond Ontario merged into one. Some copies are da'ted 1670. 2. Die nnhckante Neiie Welt . . . ditrch Dr. O. D. (i e. Olfert Dapper); the name of Montanus, from whom it is a translation, not appearing. It is pub- lished by the same Jacob von Meurs as no. I, but omits the dedication to the Prince of Nassau, and has a different " privilegium " and a "Vorrede .an den Leser," not in no. i. It has the same map of America, but it is newly engraved, with diltcrcnt vignettes, and is marked "per Jacobum Meursium. -! America, heiiii,' an accurate description of the Nr.o World, London, 1670. This is mainly a trans- lation of Montanus bv lohn Ogilby, and notwith- standing the date (1670) in the title, there is a reference on p. 211 to the "iiresent year, ib7i. j^5,..( nf the m'"'= a"d cnpravincs are from tiie pl.at'es used in nos. t and 2; but the' map ot America IS an entirely different one, nuirked " per Johannem Oniluium . . . F. Lamb, sculp." A part of thw map is' given in facsimile in the Nar. and Cnt. Hist. 40 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY f APS. America, iv. 393 There is an extra map of the Chesapcalce. of English n.ake, beside the one tal en from Montanus, and also English n.aps of Jama ca and Barlwdoes, not in Montamis. J-""an.a 4. Amcrim ; heiiif; the hicst and most accurate dc scnptzon of the Nr.o IVorU. This is made «p of the same sheets as no. 3. with a new title and an appen dix, not ni no. 3. The n.aps of no. 3 are repealJcl. The map in Richard I51ome's Eu^lish Empire in America, m which he followed Sanson .."t''''!u" "^'^f''^tc is a chart of the New Encland KsrLv'FT"^ 'I? '"''''''"■■rS5 ?'. X 2,-!, feet), f^^ound in i8J}4 by H. F. Waters m the British Museum. — A. Ij. 1675. rr,^ N "'"'' '''*''^? °^ Roggerveen, published in sev- era languages, known m English as the Burning J'oi, contains various coast charts ■ ^ No. I. Cape Breton to South Carolina. PJo. 2. Newfoundland to New England ' awar°e bj-s!^°''"' •^'"'"''"^-^^i"' Chesapeake and Del- an? Lo'°g itfanS'''""^ ^^^' "'^"'^ °^ '"^^ ""'^-". No. 31. Narragansett to New York. th J/f ,"" T .<=»;'"\^'-''«ti""s of I>utch Zee.At!asse„ in tt ^J^:T, '^-^ yp"""^''"^ ^'->^>-tcn bernstcde il rfpl.-r A^/ /'•^i'^'"''''''='''''''S«- 'S67), and in P. A. i olkeiiknndc, (Amsterdam, KS84) h^^pcst, no. 218, for Seller's map of New England. sSl W,'- .^^°'" '"^ P""*"' "^^P belonging to Sainuel \V ilson's Account of the Prcwince of Carolina •n America London, 16S2. The map is called "A Ivop S'?."°!l-^1 V'"t""?' "^^ °"''^'- °f ''^e Lordi iropiictors. I he book throws no licht on tlm origin of the map, but Kohl suspects W te's nnn ana Um. hayles surveys have been used for the more southerly parts. liohl says that the boimdarv l">el,cre given between Carolina and V rginia is tl e The dve'r"fl""fl ""' 'T '^^'"^ '^'^ ^own^/" a m ^ 1 no nver J\Iay flows from a large "Ashley I ake " It IS also found in Chas. Deane's copy ^Ognby's America, a;>d perhaps in other copies. ^ ^ — A. D. 1683. easYcoas{''"t?'''''/' '\^""^^'"e France shows the east coast. See ante, under 110. 179, — A. D. 1676. q J''?, ""^l'^ of New England and New York in Speed ^Prospect based largely on the Dutch dra t • the Ca^ol'i'nas."' "^"^'^"'' '^^"> "" «-"^^ -^^ ^^ — A. D. 1677. /«U^.,T''/" ""'.'''^'■^''^ frrrative of the Troubles f LT^^ -f '""(' ^ °''""' 1^77, and London, 1677,- the latter plate being reproduced in Palfrey's AW.-, £oS;:^Z.;;^^'^'"'">J-'eeDavis'^ed.of — A. I). 16S0. A chart of the coasts of Maine, New Hampshire Massachusetts and New Plymouth (measuri'ng 3'^ ll F.%v:tts'i'ir;S^8T'' '" '" ^'''^^ '^"^^""'^^ — A. D. 16S0. Maps of the NewNetherlandcoast, including New England, nuich resembling one ano her, are fmind hchenck, \ isscher, JJanckers, Ottens. Allard, Scutter eu. 1 hey are Dutch and German, and were nroln by occasioned by the tempf.rary success of the Dutch at New Amsterdam in 1673^ 211 and 212. a. n 1682. WUson'a Carolina ( 1 wo copies.) Shows the coast from the Chesapeake to St Augustine, with a corner map of the Cooper and 213. A. D. 1684. Hack's Carolina. inJ'i'f,'"'''''i •■' "'■'"'^ r^'Y'y i^'entical with nos. 2u and 212, and is signed "Made bv William ILark at st.airs n Wapping. Anno Domini 1684." The original is a printed map. ^ — A. D. 1684. Franqnelin's great map sho-vs the east coast. It IS sketched in the AW. and Crit. Hist. America IV. 228. See ante, under no. 100. ^vtaua, — A. D. 1685. aI!'^ 'L^°^-\"^'e'> et Anglia nova" in Blaeu's At/as. See ante, under A. n. 166' coS"''it k\T.t i^'.^'T"''"" ^^"'^^ tJie east coast. It IS sketched in the jVar. and Crit. Hist America, iv. 237. '' J«^Z "^ ^'''\ England in Seller's AVw Enirland fr^"T^°l''yV'"'J' "" --eproduction in I>al- irc) s Ac7c' England, 111. 489. See the map of New England and New York given m Casscll's United St^., i. 330, as da^d iS' and engraved by Michault. ^' — A. D, 1687. hhMaTT )l ^^"■'J'v" '",^'°me's Present State of "'(14, ■'%'{ ' ^''^-'""'IJ/rntorics in America, Londo,( the 7',.i " "'•''' ''^ ^?' ^'"Klancl is re,,roduced in l^rll t ^'^^^'■'"''K the attack on Half eld and Deer- /r/,/, ^cw ^ork (Bradford Club), 1859; that of Carolina -s m the Aar. and Cril! J/i^' An^^-i^, — A. D. 16S8. The "Canada" of Coronelli, "CornVe'e et aup- mentee par Tillemon," "partie orientale." ,,ublished in Jans m i6S,S, and on a reduced scale in 16S0 shows the east coast, after the Dutch drafts. "^ The map of New I'.ngland in the Amsterdam editions (16SS, 17,5) of Blome is difTercMt frLaurice Moore marched m the vear \1\\ with recruits from South Carolina. U Tic wav Corol. Maurice Moore went in the veari7 ? W th the forces sent from North Carolina to the^as^stance of S. Carolina. This march was arthcr continued from Fort M^-^ ^^^-^^^Xe near a N. W. course, 150 miles to the Charokee Indians who live among the mountains. ^ Thcr; is a sketch of the map in the Nar. and Cnt. Hist. America, vol. v. _ A. D. 1722. The map of "Nouvelle France" in La Potherie, repeated in the 1753 edition. 42 J]^l_KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. i;J!| — A. D. 1728. Harbor ' ^'^ ^^^^"^''^ gulf, and Boston 220. A. D. 1730. ^"^^^j^^Map of South Caro- ami presented to Krancis Niei.„ls( , 7.\ ' r- '-"^"l"'-"' 7 '3 14. 16. 19. — A. D. 1730. facsinule i„ Cassell's ^^is^^.;^'^;;^ - £'-" i» 221. A. D. 1733. Popple's Boston Harbor .v.,; ;,i,idf h.,. T , ihct ci,,'^,f ;;f f'T" "; ""•"■■ pitTccd at the angle ^'^Pe <^"cl -s '^''y''yMa^k n'CsaiHMke and Delaware l.avs I -mvei- Chesapeake aiul the Vir.rinia rivers C.ir.,hna and Charleston Harbor. — A. D. 1746-1748. bul^-^'m'!i"^''f."'^T!'''^"'^ Septentrionalc" (Parisi • — A. D. 1747. ^J America " in Bowcn's Complete System of Ceog. — A. D. 1753. Kobert de Vangondy's Carte de Canada. — A. D. 1755. in WIm.lcsc'vC /^.^i,/:"^^"'"' ^^'"^'^ '■'* reproduced ch^nsa„.,V!^;.^^\;:-4;:;;;p^!!;-in«theKn«,i., ocSri£h!:™^^ and JOngHsh Kove^^niras ^ h "bollnd^ o^''^' •" respective possessions in America. ""''" — A. n. 1757. C.7;y.- ,/.• /a Arouz'eUe Angleterre/>ar M. B. — A. D. 1738. The map of America in Keith's Virginia. — A. D. 1741. inSuii^.'f'^^cS ""'^^---'^ British Empire; also — A. D. 1742. vaS^s ^SLS^^ '^"'"'^'-'^ ^' I^ondon, has Nos. 2. Newfound'land to JTudson's Rav 3- Labr.adur to Cape St. Ron„o. 4- Another coverhit: the same. 5- Newfoundland to Maryland — A. D. 1764. J\rap of North America by ]\r new ^rl U ir — A. D. 1769. 225. A.D. ,787. Franklin's Gulf-Stream taincd froni Cin F ' "'•■>( -Stream was ol> whaleme ° ind cnuse *^?.'"',:'"' "^ ""t ^'-'ntucket chart in l/on In , f/.^tl e benl^t''!? "''•' "" ">f "'^' Franklin." K,,l 1 r\ik n,' r "^ "avigators, by 13. pricked on the chir'f Tf L ■ \l '" ^-''filand is ■Tap in rC,kH \ /vi), r;'!'"''/'^''™ an engraved ^'■A-rs (Londo,;.\-787^""''^'""' '""^ ^J//.r.v//.;,.w. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 43 Ffenry Soutluvooci. "■•k, with scijuiatc )ur- Cape Cod is I vicinity by Mark lie bays. lie Viifiinia rivers. I Harbor. rionalc" (Paris); was iJublisiieil at System of Ceog- mada. ". etc., showing liritisli Cohnii-s, li is rc'])rocliicfd 'III Amerifd, 2cl i'lg the English re riritish Sfttlc- rintcd London, the back setllc- "• 47.552- d at this time, en the French ounds of their ^I.B. ed. by Va„. i^iuyclopcdie. erica in The '"rench Emy. earn. Florida, and am was ol). Nantucket on the old ;atGrs, by 13. ipt specially The prefer- England is in engraved ^isixilancoits VII. THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY. %• See also the maps in Sections II., III., and VIII. — A. U. 1 500, etc. The earliest maps show what stands with some for the Gulf of Ganges, and with others for the (Milf of Mexico (as in the Admiral's, ant,; no. 32, and Reisch's, anh; no. 33). They also show in th-i country north of this gulf, the region ultnnatcly to be developed as the Mississijjpi Valley. We begin to have a rudimentary river, usually called " Rio de Spiritu Santo " as in the map of die gulf published by Navarretc (f'ost, no. 2.17) ; and this representa- tion of a g>cal river, (lowing into the north part of the gulf, can be traced down through various maps, like that of Cortes in 152.^ (post, no. 248) ; of Mai- ollo in 1527 (antf, under no. 39) ; those of Ribero, 1529 [ante, no. 41) ; Mercator, 1541 (under no. 54) ; the Ulpius globe, 1542 (under no. 55) ; the Cabot mai)pemonde, 1544 (""der no. 56) ; the Medina map of J 545 ('"O. 59) ; the map given in the Nar.and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 292 ; liellerc/s of 1 554 (no. 64) ; Vopellio's of 1556 (under no. 66); Ifomem, 1558 (no. 67); Z.iltiere, 1566 (no. 94); I^i^s Liens, 1566 (under no. 69); Dr. Dee's, 15!-' i (no. 96), and Dc Bry's, 1596 (cf. Nar. and Crit. ifist. Amer., iv. 99). M.aps of the type of Mercator (no. 71), Ortelius, 1570 (no. 72), and Martines (nos. 75, 77) make the water-ways run across the continent. We find the earliest special treatment of this river, in a kind of parallel network of streams, .as shown in Wytfliet's Florida et Apalc/ie (no. 264) ; and Wytfliet's draft is followed in a map of about 1622, America ncn'iter dclincata, and. Jiidoco Ifondio, Jo'luinnes Janssonins cxcndit, and in another of 1636, called Nm'issima et accuratissima totius Amertae de- scriftion qu'ils en ont faite, recti- fiee sur diverses observations fosllrienres de nouveau mis en jour par Pierre Vander Aa (J Leide. — A. D. 1674. Joliet's earliest map, Nouvelle dicouverte de plu- sieurs nations dans la Nouvelle France en Vannce 1673 et 1674, showing the whole length of the Mis- sissippi, and published by Gravier in colored fac- simile, in an Litude sur une carte inconmic, which api)eared in the Mhnoires du Conqrhs des America- nistes, 1879, and in the Ranie de Geographic, Feb. 1880. This reduced colored facsimile is given in the Mag. of Amer. Hist. 1883, and in A. P. C. Griffin's Dis- coverv of the Mississippi ; and there are sketches of it in' Andreas' Chicago, \. p. 49; and in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 208. Cf. a map in the Parkm.in Collection, of which there is a sketch in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Amer- ica, iv. p. 206. — A. D. 1674. Joliet's larger map is supposed to be lost. There is what is called a copy in the Harlow Collection of ALips, belonging to S. L. M. Barlow, Esq., of New York. A sketch of it is given in the iVar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. pp. 212, 213. Cf. Harrisse, Notes sur la Nouvelle France, no. 203. (See ante, no. I77') — A. D. 1674. Joliet's smaller map is also in the Barlow Collec- tion, and a sketch from it is given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 214. Cf. Harrisse, no. 204 ; Parkman's La Salle, p. 453. Cf. for the Ohio valley, no. 3 of the Parkman maps, given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 215. — A. D. 1675. The " Bahia del Spierto Santo " in Rogeveen's Burning Fen, no. 19. 44 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. — A. D. 1679-1681. Harrisse (nos. 209, 213-218) cites early maps of Franquelin for these years. Parkman .iitributcs to Fraiiquclin a Car/e de I'Aiiu^riquc septcntrionale, . . . avec les nouvelles dccoiivertes de la Riviire Mississipi OH Colbert (cf. Parkman's La Salle, p. 455; Harrisse, no. 219). — A. D. 1682. From a copy of Franquelin's map of this date in the Barlow Collection, a sketch is given in the Mir. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 227. It sliows the mouth of the Mississippi, but there is a blank northward from the mouth till the Ohio is reached. 229. A. D. 1682 (.'). Franquelin's Mississippi After a MS. map in the Depot de la Marine at Paris, called "Carte generale de la France .septen- trionale . . . Faite par le Sieur folliet." It is dedi- cated to Colbert. On the margni is "Johannes Lu- dovicus Franquelin pinxit." Harrisse {no. 214) puts this under 1681. It is sketched from the Parkmaa copy in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 218, 230. A. D. 1682. The Misslasippi by Hen- nepin. It shows the coast from Maine to Texas, and ex- tends to 600 north. It has no annotations, and is marked " Rejected." 231. A. D. 1683. Hennepin's Mississippi It shows the coast from Labrador to Texas. This is after the map in the 16S3 edition of Hennepin's Description de la Loitisiaiie, in which he combined Marquette's travels with his own, and left the Mower Mississippi a dotted line. It is called Carte de la Nouvelle France ct de la Louisiane. It is given in part in facsimile in the A^ar. and Crit. Hist. America, IV. 249, with references ; and the whole map is repro- duce 1 in Dr. Shea's edition of Hennepin, and in Winchell's Final Re/^t. Geol. Survey 0/ Minnesota, p. 6. Cf. Harrisse, no. 352. — A. D. 1684. Franquelin's great Carte de la Louisiane, of which a sketch is given in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist America, iv. 228, from a copy in the Parkman Collection of maps in Harvard College Library. (Cf. Parkman's La Salle, pp. 295, 455 ; Harrisse, no. 222 ; Thomassy, GMoffie practique de la Louisiane, p. 227.) Harrisse (no. 223) refers to a Carte de rAmcriqiie septentrionale of De la Croix, which is assigned also to Franquelin. — A. D. 1685. Carte de la Louisiane, by Minet. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 237, with refer- ences, from a copy in the Barlow Collection (cf. Har- risse, no. 225). 232. A. D. 1688. The Mississippi by Franque- lin. It^is called Carte manuscripte de PAmerique septen- trionale par y. B. Louis Franquelin, Hydroi^rnphe du Roy en Canada. Quebec en 168S. It gives the Mis- sissippi a wide zigzag course, and makes it debouch on the coast of Texas. Kohl has not annotated it. It h.-is been engraved for E. D. Neill's History of Minnesota, 1882; and this engraving is reproduced in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 230, 231 and in Winchell's Final Report of the Geological Surzey of Minnesota, vol. i. pi. 2. 233. A. D.I 688. The Mississippi by Coronelll. This is from Father Cornnelli's published map, America Settentrionale, i6vSS. He seems to have been ignorant of Marquette's discoveries. The Mis- souri IS not indicated. The " Ouabache " is about where the Ohio should be ; and the " Ohio " runs parallel with it further south. A sketch of the map by Coronelli, as corrected by Tilleman, Paris, 16S8, is given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Amer.ca, .v. 232. It was issued in two parts, -;-one of the eastern, the other of the western, por- tions of North America. These two were united in 1OS9 on a smaller scale. — A. D. 1688. Carte des parties les plus occidetttales du Canada, (fl.U- ^A''^ '^'''''''''' ■^'"#'>. -?• 7. — a MS. map in the Bibhotheque nationalc of Paris, from a copy of which in the Kohl Collection a sketch is given with the marginal inscriptions in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 233. There is another copy in the Bar- low Collection. Cf. Harrisse, no. 2 ',8. There is in the Barlow Collection a map, which Harrisse {Azotes, etc., p. xxv. and no. 241) believes to be the lost original of a map by Kaudin, Frontenac's engineer; and of this a sketch is given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 235. 234. A. D. 1689. Lahontan's Long River. This fabulous stream is represented as rising in the Rocky Mountains, and flowing into the Missis- sippi above the Missouri. Kohl thinks the river in question m.-iy have been the St. Peter's River. La- hontan professed to copy the western part of the river from an Indian map, made for him in that country. This map appeared in the A^ouveaux voyas^es. La Haye, 1709, vol. i. p. 136, and is reproduced' in the Aar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. p. 261. 235. A. D. 1689. Coronelli's Canada ou Nou- velle France. It shows the coast from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Texas, and gives the bounds between New France and the English possessions. Kohl thinks the pres- ent map a French imitation of no. 233. — A. D. 1689-1699. Harrisse (nos. 231, 232, 240, 248, 259) assigns va- riouii other maps to these years. — A. D. 1691. The map in Leclercq's L^tablissement de la Foy, which is reproduced in Dr. Shea's translation of that book. — A. D. 1692. Hubert Jaillot, who had inherited the plates of Nicolas Sanson, published in Paris what passes as S.Tnson's Amerique septentrionale, — the plate of which was long in use in Amsterdam and else- where. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARL\ MAPS. 45 Fe ill's History of g is reproduced IV. 230, 231, and ^logical Suney of L by Coronelll. published map, seems to have 2ries. The Mis- lache " is about e " Ohio " runs , as corrected by ! Nar. and Crit. d in two parts, he western, por- j were united in lies du Canada, MS. map in the roni a copy of :h is given with and Crit. Hist. :opy in the 13ar- ?S. 1 a map, which 241) believes to lin, Frontenac's ■en in the Ahir. g River. ed as rising in nto the Mi.ssis- iks the river in r's River. La- rn part of the ar him in that 'ux voyaf^es, La reduced in the 3i. ada ou Nou- f St. Lawrence en New France hinks the pres- 3- 9) assigns va- •nt de la Foy, translation of the plates of 'hat passes as the plate of [am and else- .236. A. D. 169S. Hennepin's Miaaissippl. This shows the river carried to the gulf. It first appeared in \\iix\\\&^\\\'-i NoiwiHc Diconvcrte, Utrecht, 1697, which had two distinct maps, showing the Mis- sissippi extending to the gulf. The first Carted" tin tris grand pais nouvellement d!- convert, etc., is reproduced in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, iv. pp. 252, 253, and was repeated in the editions of the Noiivelle Decouverte, printed at Ley- den in 1704, and was re-engraved in the English edi- tion, Discovery of a large, rich, and plentiful country (London, 1720), with English names. The second, Carte d'une trUs grand pays entre le nouveau Mexiqne et la mer glaciale, was used in the later editions of 1698, 1704, 171 1, etc., with changes in successive issues, and is reproduced in the Nar, and Crit. Hist. America, vol. iv. p. 251, and in Brcese's Early Hist, of Illinois, p. 98. 237. A. D. 1698. The MisBissippi by De Per. lie follows Coronelli in making the " Ouabache " and " Ohio " parallel streams. Published in I'aris in 1698. — A. D. 1700. Carte des E"-«r«y La Salle, etc., Paris, 171.^, has a map showing the course of the Mississippi. (Cf. Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, iv. 240.) — A.D. 1715. Herman Moll's New and Exact Map of the Domin- ions of the King of Great Britain, has a lesser map attached, called Louisiana, with the Indian Settle- ments and Number of Fighting Men, according to the Account of Capt. T. Nearn. — A.D. 17 18. Le Cours du Mississipi ou de Saint-Louis, par N. de Fer, embodying previous information, was made by direction "de la compagnie d'occident." Partie meridionale de la riviire de Mississipi, par N. de Fer, extends north to the Illinois country. 238. A. D. [1719.] Delisle's Louisiana. It shows the routes of De Soto and others. It is called Carte de la Louisiane et du Cours du Mississipi. It was followed by H. Moll in 1720, and Popple in 1732. Kohl says it is the earliest map to show the word Texas (Los Teijas), and to show the Cumber- land and Tennessee Rivers. Thomassy (Giol. practique de la Louisiane, p. 211) refers to the June, 1718, map of Delisle. See ante, under A. D. 1703. — A.D. 1719-20. Thomassy gives a Carte de la Ct'te de la Louisiane, preserved in the Archivej Scientifiques de la Marine in Paris, based on surveys made at this time by M. De Serigny. — A.D. 1720. A new map of Lmtisiana and the river Mississipi, which appeared in Some Considerations on the Conse- quences of the French settling Colonies on the Missis- sipi. London, 1720. Moll's New Map of the North Parts of America, 1720, follows Delisle's of 17 18, for the Louisiana portion. It is reproduced in Lindsey's Unsettled Boundaries of Ontario, Toronto, 1873. Gerard van Kculen published at Amsterdam a large map, Carte de la Nouvelle France, oh se voit le Cours des grandes Riviires Mississippi et St. Laurens, with observations on French fortified posts. De Beauvillier's Carte nouvelle de la partie de Pouest de la province de la Louisiane (Thomassy, p. 214). — A.D. 1722. The " map of Carolana and the river Meschacebe " in Daniel Coxe's Description of Carolana, London, 46 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. m i 1737, and repeated in later editions. See /w/, no. 239' — A. D. 1722. La Potherie's Ctir/f gMrale de la A'owelle France in his J/isl. i/c rAmi'ri(/itc scptcntrionalc, I'nris, 1722, vol. il., gives the niisplaccinent of the mouths of the Mississippi which originated with La Salic. — A. D. 1722. Le Blond dc la Tour's Entrie dtt Mississipi en 1722. (Cf. Thomassy, pi. iii.) — A. D. 1724. The " Carte de TAmdrique " in Lafitau's Maurs des Sativages Amiriquains, Paris, 1724, vol. i. 24. — A. D. 1724. Plan particulicr dc Vemhouchiiye dit flettve Saint- Louis, signed by De Pauger, royal engineer. — A. D. 1726. _ A " new map of Louisiana .md the river Missis- sipi " in the Memoirs of John Ker of Kersland, Lon- don, 1726. — A. D. 1729. A map of New France and Louisiana in Herman Moll's New Sin-'cy of the Globe, no. 27. — A. D. about 1730. Amplissimcr regionis Mississipi sen Proiiiitcite Lu- dimiiiame a Hennepin detectte anno 16S7, edita a Jo. Ihipt. Ifomanno, Norimt'erga. Has a marginal view of " Catarrhacta ad Niagaram." Homann was a cartographer of easy conscience, who seldom dated his maps, and this one is little better than a re-engraving of the map in Joutcl's Jonrnal historique. See ante, under A. D. 17 1 3. It was reproduced by Homann's successors in his busi- ness, and .again by William Darby in his Geograph- ical Description of Louisiana (2d ed. 1817), and Thom.assy (p. 2) censures Darby for his choice of an early map. — A. D. 1732. D'Anville's Carte de la Louisiane dressle en 1732; pnhlii'e en 1752. The upper part of it is reproduced in Andreas' Chicago, i. 59. — A. D. 1732. Popple's British Empire in America follows De- lisle's map (1718) for Louisiana. It was reissued in ^ITiZ' '740, and reproduced at Amsterdam in 1737. Sabin's Dictionary, xv. no. 64453. — A. D. 1732. Fletive Saint Louis, ci-devant Mississipi, — a map preserved in the Bibliotheqiie Nationale, P.iris, based upon observations ma.''» by Sieur Diron in 1719. (Cf. Thomassy, p. 212.) — A.n. 1733, The map in Some Account of the Design of the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America. It shows the Atlantic Colonies stretch- ing to the Mississippi River. — A. D. 1737. Le Cours du flettve Mississipi, 1737, in Bernard's ■■••■' '■ " au A' ' ' ■ ;nncpii: ...t Y""'-" "tt jicHvc iiitssissifi, 1737, in iicrnara s Necueit de Voyages ait A'ord, Amsterdam, 1737, in connection with Hennepin's narrative. — A. I). 1740. A map by Dumont de Montigny, Carte le la pro- vince de la Louisiane, autrefois le Mississipi, jirescrved in the Depot de la Marine at Paris, is said by Tho- nuissy (p. 217) to be more valuable for its historical legends than for its geography. 239. A. D. 1 741. Coxe'a Carolana. After the map in Daniel Coxe's Carolana, Lon- don, 1741. Kohl calls it the earliest Kngiish map of the .Mississipjii. Kohl thinks possibly Co.\e may have had unknown charts of the delta. He accepts Lahontan's Long River. Sec ante, under A. D. 1722. — A. D. 1743. Nicolas^ Bellin, in Charlevoix's A\mvelle France, gives a Carte de la Louisiane, cours du Mississipi et pais voisins ; and this, with the other maps, is repro- duced in Shea's translation of Charlevoix. licllin's Carte des embouchures du pleuve Saint Louis is based on a draft by Buache (1732), follow- ing .an origin.il MS. (1731 ) preserved in the Archives Scicntifiques de la Marine. (See post, under a. d. 1750.) 240. A. D. 1749. Bonnecampa' Ohio River. After a map in the Ministry of the Marine at Pa- ris, called Carte d'un voyage, fait dans la Belle Riviere en la A'ouTel/e France, 1749, par le rh'erend Pi're Bonnecamps, Jesuite Mathhnaticien. He has marked eight points where he took observations for the lati- tude, and sundry other jilaces where he buried in- scribed lead plates in token of possession for the king. It also shows the Alleghany River from Lake Chatauqua. — A. D. 1750. Bellin also has a map of this date, called Carte de la Louisiane et des pays 7'oisins. It is said that the maps first published by Bellin were not thought by the French government sufficiently favorable to their claims for boundaries on the English colonies, and he accordingly reissued the maps with changes. When Governor Shirley, speaking with Bellin, referred to this, Bellin is said to have rei)lied, " We in France niust obey the king's commands." His map mark- ing these bounds is reproduced in Bonnechose's Montcalm et le Canada franfais, 5th ed., Paris, 1882, (See ante, under A. d. 1743.) — A. D. 1753. Carte de la Louisiane, in Dumont's Mimoires his- toriques de la Louisiane, vol. i. — A. D. 175s. Benin's Carte de la Louisiane, 1750; sur de nou- veltes observations on a corrigi les lacs et leurs environs, I7SS- A. D. '755- Canada et Louisiane par le Sieur le Rouge, ingc- nieur geographe du Roi, with a small map of the Mis- sissippi River. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 47 37, in Bernard's tcrdam, 1737, in Carte h la pro- sissipi, preserved 4, is said by Tiio- for its historical Carolana, Lon- ist Knglisii map ssibly Coxc may Ita. He accepts under a. d. 1722. Vouvelle France, (III A//ssisii/'i et r maps, is repro- levoix. t/« fleuve Saint e (1732), follow- I in the Archives i^ost, under A. D. )hio River. e Marine at Pa- r la Belle Rh'ih-e •: rh'ercnd Pi're He has marked ons for the lati- e he buried in- isession for the vcr from Lake lalled Carte de la d that tile maps thought by the orable to their colonies, and he hangcs. Wiien ilin, referred to 'We in I'rance [lis map mari{- i Ijonnechose's jd., Paris, 1882. s Ulimoires his- 0; sur de nou- t leurs environs, le Rouge, ins^- lap of the Mis- i — A.D. 1755. D'Anvillc's Canada, Louisiane tt Us tcrrts an- glaises. — A.D. I75S- Robert de Vangondy's Partie de VAnu'rique sipten- trionatc qui com/>rcnd le tours de I' Ohio, etc. — A.D. I7SS- A jVe7u and Accurate Map of North America, con- tained in John Huske's Present State of North Amer- ica, 2d ed., London, 1755. — A.D. I7SS- John Mitchell's Map of the Pritish Colonies in North America, engraved by Kitchen, published in London, in 1755. Kecngraved at Amsterdam as a Map of the British and French Dominions m North America. — A. D. 1757. Carte de la Louisiane par l\nitcnr, 1757 in Le Page du Pratz's Histoire de la Louisiane, vol. i. 138. — A. D. 1760. Thomas Jeffcrys included a map of Canada and the northern parts of Louisi.ana in his Natural and Civil History of the French Dominion in North and South America. This same map, with the date 1762, was used in his Topography of North America and the IVest Indies. London, 1768. — A. D. 1760. Janvier's IJAmirique. to the Pacific. It extends from Louisiana — A. D. 1762. Jeffcrys' Map of Canada and Ndo France. There is a facsimile in Mills's Boundaries of Ontario, — A. D. 1764. L.a Louisiane in Bcllin's Lc Petit Atlas Maritime, vol. i. no. 40, and The Mouths of the Mississi^-pi in :'os. 43 =1"'' 44- 241. A. n. 1767. Carver's Upper Miasissippi. This follows the map in Jonathan Carver's Travels. — A.D. 1768. The mouths of the Mississippi and neighboring coasts by Jeffcrys, in his General Topography of North America and the West Indies, which, he says, was taken from several Spanish and French draw- ings, compared with D'Anvillc's map of 1752, and with P. Laval's Voyage h Louisiane. 242. A. D. 1795. The Upper Misaouii and Mis- Bissippi by Soulard. The original is preserved in the Depot de la Ma- rine in Paris. Tt was made for Colonel De Pouligny, of the Sixth Regiment of Louisiana, and taken to France in 1S04 by M. Laussat. 243. A. D. 1801. An Indian Map of tbe Upper Missouri and its Affluents. The original of thi> is preserved in the Archives of the Hudson Pay Comjiany in Londor. Drawn by a Plackfoot chief in i.Soi, and taken to London by Peter l''idler. The range of the Rocky Moun- t.-iins is marked, clevcTi of their peaks named, and the I'acific seacoast is drawn. 244. A. D. 1854. The Sources of the Missis- sippi River. This is Schoolcraft's map given in his Narra- tive. vnr THE GULF OF MEXICO AND WEST INDIA ISLANDS, WITH ADJACENT LANDS. *,* Tlicre arc notices nf maps of the mouths of the Missis- sippi ill Scciinu VI I. i and the Riilf appears in the maps of .Sections II. and 111. 245. A. D. 1463. AntUia by Benincasa. This represents an e.arly notion of land to the westward, the antetype of the Antilles. The chart is from a portolano, described in Santarem's Hist. de la Cosmographie, i. p. xlii ; iii. p. 177. Cf. ante, under no. 21, where this niaj) might have been en- tered, if it had been found in season. 246. A. D. 1 500. La "Cosa's map. The western part of the La Cosa chart. Kohl has copied the drawing of it in Ramon de la Sagra's Cuba (Paris, 1837). See ante, no. 26, and the whole series of ma)>s enumerated in section ii., for the form the gulf took in the earliest cartography, whether as a supposed Ciulf of Ganges, as it is con- jectured to be in the Admiral's (ante, no. 32) and other niajis; or as undeveloped in the Cantino (1502), Ruvsch (150S), Sylvanus (1511), and Waldseemiil- IcrlisiV) nia])s ; as vaguely shut in at the north by a land "lUmini, shown in the Peter Martyr map of 151 1, and in the Weimar map of the Pacific, of 1 518 [post, no. 316); as an unenclosed archipelago, of which we have instances in the Lenox globe, and in the so-called Da Vinci niai)penionde. It gets something like definite though distorted shape in the Stolaza de Castas de Tierra-Jinne y las tierras niufas. Cf. the map of Ayllon's explorations, sketched in the A'ar. and Crit. Jlist. America, ii. p. 285. 248. A.D. 1524. Gulf of Mexico. (Cortes.) The origin.al engr.aving of this chart appeared in a letter of Cortes, addressed to the enip%ror, and 48 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. '0 , mii printed at NiireinbcrR in 1524. Kohl thinks it shows the explorations of Oarav, and docs not cm- body any of those of Cortes hinisclf. lie says it is the earliest map to show the name Florida. It may have Ijcen made about the time of no. 247. It is re- produced in Stevens' Am.r. llihlioi^niplur, p. 86; i,i his i\'oU-s,ctc., pi. iv.; and in tlie iWir. niiii Crit. JUst. AiHi-ritii, ii. 1). 404. It has an uncertain passage to the west, by which Vucat.m is made an island, of which there is an indication in no. 247, and unmis- takable expression in the Maiollo map of 1527 (,/«/,•, under no. jg), and is suggested in a map by Fricss (post, no. 371). Later maps, like the Verrazano, 1529 (iin/f, under no. 42); Kibcro, 1529 (<;;//.■, no. 41); the Lenox wood-cut, 15^ (anh; no. 47, smce reprtuluccd in the A'itr. and Cril. Hist. AmerUu, ii. p. 22J) ; the Ihitish Museum map of 1536 {post, no. 251), make Vucatan insular, but do not carry the passage to the western sea. 249. A. n. 1528. The Antilles. .Six separate maps of Jamai(|ua, Cu!)a, Sfagnola, Guadalupe, Dominica, and Matinina, from the Iso- liino of Hordone. Kohl follows a facsimile made for Henry Stevens (see post, no. 372). — A. D. 1529. A section of Ribero's map (ante, no. 41), showing the gulf, etc., is given in the P/ar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 221. 250. A. D. 1534. Hispaniola. ' From the engraved map in the 1534 edition (com- bmed) of I'etcr Martyr and Oviedo. Kohl follows a facsimile given in Stevens' Atner. BiOlioi^rap/ur. See no. 256. 251. A.D. 1536. Oulf of Mexico. From a large MS. map in the British Museum. Kohl says the langu.igc of the map is partly French and partly Spanish, the latter much corrupted; so that he infers it to be a French copy of a Sp.mish original. He thinks it may have grown out of the expedition of Narvacz, and savt: that the peninsula of Florida is for the fust time' drawn with ap;iroxi- mate accuracy. Vucatan is an island. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 225. 252. A. D. 1542. The AntUles, by Rotz. O e of the maps in Rotz's Boke of Idrosrraphv, in the British Museum. The map is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 226. It is called " The Indis of Occident, qul.az the Spaniards docth occupy." The latitudes are too high by about three degrees in the northern parts, and too low by about two degrees in the southern parts ; making the dis- tance from Trinidad to Florida much in excess of what it should be. (See ante, no. 55.) — A. D. 1540-50. Within this period may be placed the map. Carta de las Anlil/as, of which a facsimile is given in the Cartas de /nd'as, published by the Spanish govern- ment in 1877. The map mentioned by Harrisse in his Cabots, p. 185. The soeuned Aftas dc Pliiiippe If. (cf. PPar. and Cm. Hist, of America, ii. 222). See ante, under no. The 1541 Mercator gores (Plar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 177. — A. I). 1544. The gulf and neighboring portions of the Cabot mappemonde of 1 544, arc sketched in the Aar. and Crit. JJist. America, ii. pp, 227, 447. 253. A. D. 1547. Spanish America, by NIo Vallard. This shows the co.ast of both oceans, from 35° N. to 10° S. latitude. It is from the MS. atlas in the Sir Thomas I'hillipps Collection. Kohl conjee- tures that the Spanish drafts, apparently used in the making of this maj), may have been tfiose brought from the peninsula in 1542 by Don Miguel de Sylva. Cf. the sketch from a MS. atlas in the Hodleian, given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 292. 254. A. D. 1547. The same. An inaccurate draft. 255. A. D. i555(.>). The Mexican Oulf. This is a French map, and shows the Atlantic coast, from Maine to Honduras. The correspond- ing Pacific coast from about the latitude cf Mexico (City), is a mere north-and-south line, with conven- tional river-mouths. Kohl says the original was dis- covered by Jomard in the possession of a French noble family. To judge from the absence of Califor- nia one would place the map before (say) 1535 ; and the .ibscnce of traces of De Soto's .ind other explora- tions on the Atlantic side would indicate as early a date; but Kohl place:; it under "about 1555," as that was Jomard's opinion. Kohl is in error \n supposing *hat the presence of Bermuda on the maj) establishes the date after 1530; since Bermuda is on the Peter Martyr map of 151 1, a map unknown to Kohl. It is sketched in the Aar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 224. 256. A. D. 1556. Hispaniola. (Ran usio.) From the engraved map in Ramusio, iii. (1556), who does not say whence he got it. It is reproduced in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 188, and seems to follow no. 250. 257. A D. 1558. Spanish America by Diego Homem. It shows the coasts of both oceans north of the Istlunus of Panama to 33° north latitude. A MS. map in colors in the British Museum. Kohl calls it the earliest general map to embody the California Peninsula. The "Rio del Spirito Santo " (Missis- sip])i) has one main channel. It is sketched in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist, of America, ii. p, 229. 258. A. D. 1564. Hispaniola by P. Forlano. The engraved original is marked " In Venetia Paulo Forlano Veronese fee. 1564." It is not so accurate in form as the map of 1534; iind it is not known whence Forlano drew his notions. (.See ante, under no. 69.) 259. A. n. 1565. Cuba bj ^orlano. Kohl calls this the oldest special rr^^p of Cuba which he had found. He finds names here which are preserved in the Ilondius map of Cuba (1607). (See ante, under no. 69.) THE KOHL COLLFXTION OF EARLY MAPS. 49 ns of the Cabot in the A'ar, and srloa, by Nio ms, from 35° N. MS. atlas in the Kohl conjee- :ntlv used in the 11 those brought Jon Miguel dc in the Hodleian, . America, ii. p. I Oulf. ys the Atlantic 'he correspond- :itude c'' Mexico lie, with conven- nriginal was dis- an of a French sence of Califor- (say) 153s; and d other explora- Jicate as early a )t 1 555," as that ror m supposing map establishes is on the Peter to Kohl. It is '. America, ii. p. in usio.) isio, iii. (rs56), .t is reproduced , ii. p. 1S8, and ca by Diego IS north of the itude. A MS. Kohl calls it the California anto " (Missis- ketched in the 229. Forlano. ■\ " In Venetia It is not so ; and it is not ms. (Sec ante. trap of Cuba es here which f Cuba (1607). — A. n. 1566-73. The maps of Zalticre {ante, no. 04) and Porcacchi ((/;//<■, M". f)S) show how distorted a shape the nulf coiiui assume even at so late a day as this. Cf. Mir, and Crii. Hist. America, ii. pp. 451, 453- 260. A. n. 1578. The Antilles by Martines. It shows the Atlantic coast from 45° north to f south latitude. I'Vom the Martines Atl.is of 1578 in "the Uritish Museum. The l.ititudes are appro.\- im.itely correct; but the loiifiitudcs are much out of the way, lieing stretched east and west too far. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 229. 261-262. A. D. 1597. Central Wytfliet. America by This is from Wytflict's Continuation of Ptolemy. See Winsor's Bibliography 0/ J'toUmy. — A. D. 1597. The Castilia del Oro of Wytfliet is given in fac- simile in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Amcnci, 11. p. 190. 263. A. p. 1597. Mexico by Wytfliet. From Wytflict's Continuation of Ptolemy. 264. A. D. 1 1;97. Florida et Apalache of Wyt- fliet. From Wytflict's Continuation of Ptolemy. It is given in facsimile in the A'ar. and Crit. Hist. Amer- ica, ii. p. 281. — A.D. 1597. Wytflict's map of Cuba is given in facsimile in the Nar. and Crit. Hist, of America, ii. p. 230. 265. A. D. 1601. Mexico and Yucatan by Herrera. From Ilerrera s Descripcion de las Indias (Madrid, iCoi). The map closely agrees with the text of the same book, except that in the map he calls the City of Mexico 91° west long, [from Ferro?], and in the text he gives it as 103° from Toledo. A portion of it is reproduced in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 392. 266. A. D. 1601. Antilles by Herrera. A map which appeared in Ilerrcra's Descripcion de las Indias, and considered by Kohl to be the best Ecneral map of the West Indies produced up to that time. They are called " Yslas de la mar del Norte. 267. A. D. 1630. Florida by Dudley. Kohl takes this from Dudley's MSS. preserved in the Munich library, and not from Dudley's Arcano del Mare, as published in 1646. — A. D, 1651. Maps of New Spain, Cuba, and Hispaniola, in Jannson's Minor Atlas, ii. 393, 397. 268. A. D. 1671. Jamaica by Blome. 'I'his is from Hlnme's Present State of his Majesty's Isles and Territories in America, London, 1687. It puriiorts to follow surveys made by order of Sir Thomas Mcdiford, Dart., late governor of the island. 269. A. I). 1712. Pacific Coast of Mexico. It covers the space 8' to 17° north latitude. The original was engraved by John Senex, and published in London, after a Spani.sli map said to have been captured by an Fnglish rover, Capt. Woodes Rogers. The ei.graved map appeared in Cajit. Rogers's A Criiisini; V'oyat^e around the World, 1708-II, London, 1712. The Sp.-inish draft may have been made, as Kohl thinks, about 1700. Sce/<^J/, under no. 289. 270. A. n. 1767. Northern Mexico by Alzate. This follows a MS. map in the Uritish Museum, which professed to be drafted by Jose Antonio Al- zate y Ramirez, after the best printed and MS. authorities. It shows the explorations of Father Kino about the Color.ido and its affluents, and gives the northern extremity only of the Gulf of Califor- nia. At the top of the map, under 43°, it shows the " Mar o liahia del Vest," which Juan de Fuca ex- plored. (See/w/, no. 2S9.) 271.' A. D. 1778. New Mexico by Eacalante. A folded sheet, without annotations. 271 ". A. n. 1795. New Mexico by Juan Lopez. From a Spanish printed map. 272. A. D. 1852. Anegada by Schoroburgk. (Virgin Islands.) This follows surveys made by Sir Robert Schom- burgk, published in the Journal of the Royal Geo- graphical Society, ii. p. 152 (1852). 273. A. D. 1833. The Usumasinta River In Cen- tral America. An engraved map in the Royal Geographical So- ciety's Journal, iii. 59 (1833), prepared by Col. Galindo. 274. A. D. 1836. Costa Rica by Col. Galindo. From the Journal of the Royal Geog. Society, vol. vi.(i836). 275. A. D. 1844. River Tabasco by Peter Mas- ters. From the Journal oi the Royal Geog. Society, vol. XV. (1845). 276. A. D. 1853. Samana. The Peninsula and Bay of Samana in the Domin- ican Republic, by Sir Robert II. Schomburgk, m the Journal of the Royal Geog. Society, 1853. 50 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. IX. THE PACIFIC COAST OF NORTH AMERICA. •*• See aMit, aeclioiis ii. aiul iii., unii foil, acclion x. — A.I). ISIJ, etc. Dr. Kohl printid .m .ibstract of ni.i sfiulics on the cartonr.-ipliy nf tlic west toast of North Ainciica in the (?. .y. C'lhist Siinrv Kff'orl, iSr^j, p. 37.J, etc ; .iml there is a NI.S, on the .siihject hy him 111 the library of the AiiRiii-aii Aiiti(|iiari.m .Scicietyat Woi(.c>tcr. The fullest iiilorm.ition on the siihjett will he found in II. II. Hantrofi's .\\ 'liL' Apian mappcmonde of 1520 (no. 36), the Thome map of 1527 (no. 39), the Miinster map of .'5.5- (I'li'lcr no. 46); or pinposely left doubtful is in the map of Reisch's Mar<^iuita fi/iiloso/ihiai, 1515 (ante, no. 22)< 'he Tross gores (under no. 32), and others. — A. D. 1526. The map of the monk Franciscus, making South America an island, identities North America with Asia, and substitutes the southern coast of Asia for the west coast of North America. (Lelewcl, Geog. du May en A^i:, pi. xlvi.) — A.D. IS30(?) The map in the .Sloanc MSS. (Firitish Museum), illustrating the Asiatic theory of North America. (Ante, no. 43.) The Turin atlas described in the Jahreshericht des Vereins fiir Erdkiiiide in Dn-sdiii, 1S70, which leaves the northern extension of the coast uncertain. (Ante, no. SI.) — A.D. 1532. The cordiform map of Orontius Finxns, showing the Asiatic theory of No.th America. (Ante, no. 46.) — A. D, 1532-40. The map in Kunstmann, which does not go north of the California peninsula. — A.D. 1534. The Lenox wood-cut (ante, no. 47) does not go north beyond the limits of Central America. — A.D. 1534-50. The Italian mappemonde given in the Jahreshe- richt des Vereins fiir Erdknnde in Leipzig, 187 1, which shows the coast as high as California. — A.D.IS3S. Cortes' map of the coasts .ibout the entrance of the Gulf of California, bought by the Rev. E. E. Hale in i««3 from the Spanish Archives, of which there is a lielioiype in the A'ar. and Crit. Ilut. Allien 1, ii. p. 442. — A.I). 1536. 'i'he Agiiesc mappemonde, which shows the Cen- tral America and NIe.vitan coasts. (Ante, no. 52.) A MS. mappemonde in the Jlritisli Museum, which extends tlie coast northward to California. (Aiite, no. 52.) — A. I). IS3,S. A map in the P.asle edition of Rollnus and Pom- poniuM NIela, which represents tlie western coast of America indelinitely as " terra incognita." — A. I). 1539. Plate xiii. in the Portolano of Charles V. (ante, under no. 52), which shows the Central Amerii:raf>/iy, 18S5, no. 362, under 28,159, which contains five maps showing the west coast of North America, as a part of the western hemisphere, viz. : No. vii., which resembles a map in an Atlas in the Hiblioteca Kiccardiana (Jahreshericht des Vereins fiir Erdkunde in Dresden, {870, pi. vi.), shows the Asiatic theory. No. i.x. brings out the California peninsula, but goes no farther north. No. xi. is in gores, adheres to the Asiatic theory, and resembles pi. ix. of the Jahreshericht, etc. No. xxvii. is confined to the Central America coast. No. xxix. goes n--th to the peninsula of Californi.a. 277. A.D. 1 541. Castillo's California. The map iiuhiisiicd by liishop Lorenzana in his A'limi Espana (1770), who found it among the archives of the descendants of Corte.s. Domingo del Castillo w.as a pilot in the fiect of Alaron, who explored the coast in 1540, and penetrated to the THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 51 which follows the 1 peninsula, but ilaof California. held of the gulf of Calilornia and discovered the Cc'.lorado river. A large part of his coant names arc not t.) be found in the accounts of Alarcn » cxpe- ililion, nor iu those of the explorations of Uilo.s k'Iii'i speaks of this ma]) of California as the ivirlicst known ; but he was not informed respecting ft.e map mentioned above mulcr A. I). 15^5. Castillo's map is Riven in facsimile in the A.ir ami Crit. llist. Amauih ii- 1>. 441 i aiul is skct. lied in II 11. I'ancrofl's Cent. Amfiic.i, 1. I5J, and Aorl/i Hhxiuin SUiUu i. »•• ' '-^ K'ves the co.ua a «reatcr extension beyond the peninsula than it has m the original. — A. D. I 543. The map in Kotz's Mroi^r.tphy shows the Central America coast. (//«/-', no. 55 ) See also the Ulpius globe under the same number. — A. 15, 1 543' The (lot ha map of Tlaptista ARncsc shows the Central America and Mexican coasts, {^\nte, no. 56.) _ A. n. 1544- The Cabot mappcmonde carries the coast north only so far as the peninsula of California. (See umlcr no. 56.) Cf. skctclies in Nar. and Cnt. Jlist. Aiiuriui, ii. pp. 227, 447- — A. D. IS4S- A conjectural coast, called " Tcmistitan," given in the mappemonde of MUnster in his edition of 1\j1- emy. (Ant,; no. 57) , , , ., , , The map in Medina's Ark- df Niwei^ar shows only the Central America coast. It is repeated in the 1549 edition, /.//'/■(', etc. (/////f, no. 59.) Cf. the nwppcmondc, said to be on Mcnator s projection (?), put between 1545 and 155S, which is described in F. S. Ellis's Catal. 1884, no. 174. Upper California by Juan Freire. 278. A. 0.1546. Tart of a Portuguese portolano, which was in San- tarem's possession wiien Koiil copied this portion and no. 279, its con-.plemcnt. The language is partly Latin, partly Spanish, but mainly a corrupt I'ortu- cncse. Tiic dralts used by I'reire were evidently, as Kohl thinks, tliose of Ulloa and Alarcon, thougli he must have had other material. He does not give any names corresponding to the accounts of the ex- plorations of C.ibrillo and Ferrero (1542-43). Tlic coast is given r westerly trend, as if to connect it with Asia. Ko'il ji- -:s that /rcire had some drafts of a voyager who sa. westward, -and at intervals lost sight of the coast. An atlas of about this time in the fJiblioteca Kic- cardiana at Florence is described in the Jahitsberttht des l\r,iiis Jur Eidkundi hi Ditukn, 1870, which has several maps sliowing the west .oast of North America. The maps in T.d). vii. and ix. carrv the co.iMt north to the peninsula of Californii, and one of those in 'lab. ix. carries It a little farther. Two maps in Tab. vi. illustrate the Asiatic theory. — A 1554. The ma|» of Bellcro shows the Central America and Mexican coasts. (Ante, no. 64.) An atlas of Agncse (<;«'<■, under no. 64) giycs majis showing the coast from the peninsula of California south. — A. n. 1555. A French map brought forward by Jomard shows a purely conventional west coast. (Ante, no. 255.) — A. D. 1556. The map in Ramusio extends north to .he penin- sula of California. (/»///(•, no. 66) The map of VopeUio in Girava's . omo^rafhia adheres to the Asiatic theory. (Sec auU; under no. 66.) There is a facsimile of the American part in the Kar. ami Cr-t. I/ut. Arnvria-, ii. p. 4,l6- , Oirava says he used a dr.aft by Vopellio as the basis of the map, which is often wanting in copies of the book, whose value, according as the map is in facsimile or an original, has recently been h.ved by Quantch at £ I 10 o ;uh1 £, 21. The edition of Cirava in 1570 is the same, with the Preliminary leaves reprinted. — A D. 1 558, The map of Ilomem carries the coast north to the California peninsula. (Aiih; nos. 67 .and 257.) '''!,c map of Martines, i)laced usually somewhere in thl.". decade (.wk, no. 63) is one of the earliest to contr.-ct the water supposed to separate /mcrica from Asia to the dimensions of a strait. It is sketched and described in the Nar. and Cnt. lUst. America, ii. 450. — A. D. 1 560. The map of Forlani adheres to the Asiatic theory, (Ante, no. 69.) It is sketched in the Nar. and Cnt. Hist. Amerua, ii. 438. 279. A.D. 1546. Lower California by Juan Freire. From the same map as no. 278. A legend on the map in two places credits Cortes with the discovery of this coa;:t. Freire seems to have used Castillo's chart and the reports of Ulloa and Alarcon. See Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 448. — A.D.I 548. Gastaldi's map, numbered 59 in the edition of Ptolemy of this year, which follows the Asiatic theory ; and the " Carta M.arina " in the same. (See ante, under no. 58 ; and Nar. and Crit. Hist. Amerr.a, ii- 435) — A, 0.1561. A map of Ilonter illustrating the Asiatic theory. In Ruscclli's editio" "f Ptolemy (see under no, 69, ante\ a map of the western hemisp'.iere carries a definite coast line beyond the C.-ilitornia peninsula, above which a dotted coast line is marked ' littus incognitum." The map of " Nueva Hispania de- velops the Gulf of California and adjacent coasts. — A. D, I 566. The map of North America by Zaltieri [ante, under nos, 69 and 94) shows the narrow strait as given m (he Martines map (ante, under A.D. 1558). It is Given in facsimile in the Nar. and Cnt. Hist. Amer- ic.i ii. p. 451. The claim of Kohl that it is the earnest to show the straits of Anian compels the putting of a map of Martines later than here judged. A map of Des Liens {ante, under no. 69) gives only the Central America coast. 52 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. — A. . D. 1568. The map of Diegus (Homem) turns the coast-line east a httle distance above the head of the California peninsula. See ante, no. 70; and Nar. and Crit. liist. America, 11. p. 449 ; iv. p. 92. — A. D. 1569. The great map of Mercator (ante, under no. 71). It established more effectually the type of the strait of Anian as prefigured by Martines and Zaltieri. It IS sketched m the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, II. p. 452. ' — A. D. 1570. The Ortelius map follows Mercator's. 72, 3i\\d post, no. 324.) (Ante, no. — A. D. 1572. The Porcacchi map also gives a similar strait of Anian. (Ante, under nos. 72 and 95.) It is sketched m the Nar. and Crit. H.st. Ame,ua,n. p. 453 — A. D.I 574. cl\^uf\'^T .^f See P^'f' no. 325.) The map in h! n1 ^"'>'t"dion (ante, under no. 72) follows the Mercator type. — A. D. 1576. The map in Humphrey Gilbert's Discourse (ante no. 74) has a coast little resembling any other map! but gives the strait of Anian. .)- ^ 'cf map, 280. A. D. 157S. California by Martines. "rLmn-'n'^'f '■°^''^ from 10° to ss° north, with Giapan and a part of the Asiatic coast. It is from the Martines Atlas in the British Museum made between 156S and 1578, at Messina thorh Martines seems to have been a Spaniard. The out- me of the gulf of California is much less accurate than in earlier maps. Ihis is a different atlas from the one of icc-r?) mentioned ante under a, d. 1558. A sketch of he Central America coast of the .57S atlas is given in (he Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 229. — A. D. 1578. (//«5^!^o!''7s!)^"''^ '"^^-.^^//^r is rudely delineated. — A. D. 1580. abIv^e%"''N°S: °'' ^"'''' ""■ ^^ '^=^'""" '^^ ''^'' — A. D. 1582. Lok's m.ip leaves the coast uncertain above the peninsula of California. (Ant,, no. 97.) 1 he map of Popclliniere's Trois A/ondes is of the Mercator (1569) type. — A. D.I 587. , The Myritius map follows the Asiatic tL-ory. '^nte, no. 79.) ■' — A. D. 1587. nnT'f.i,"''']''"^'*"'^^''":'^''' "'-"^P ^^''■'■'es the coast well up to the Arctic region. (Ante, under no. 79.) 281. A. D. 1592. California (Molinaaux'a Globe). From the globe in the Middle Temple, London, bir irancis Drake s track is pricked upon it, and is taken perhaps from Drake's charts, now lost. It shows Drake to have gone as far north as 48°. The general trend of the coast is more northerly thA ThTlr^' ^^ ?'l.^^'^iV. ""^^P^- 1'here is a sketch in the JVar. and Crtt. Hist. America, ii. p. 455 282. A. D. 1593. Northwest Coast by C. de Judaeia. nM "V^P ^'■°'" Cornelius de Judaeis's Speculum Orbis 7erra, 1593, and called "Quivirs Regnum," which is the name on a protuberance of thi coast r!^o';'" 40° N lat.; while a larger protuberance in 60 is called "Anian Regnum." Northwest of this last peninsula, under 70°, is a pinnacle-rock, in the sea, which marks the " Tolus Magnetis." An in- scription in the interior notes that oxen and cows, which have the hump of a camel, and the tail and teet of lions, frequent the woody plain. (Ante, no. 98 ) A map of the same date in the Libri of Maffems. (Ante, under no. i^.) — A. D. 1597. De Bry's map, giving the conventional view of the tirne. bee enumeration ante, under no. 84. The Arnheim edition of Ptolemy has the followine maps showing the west coast of North America- — No. 2, the western hemisphere, much like the Mercator type. No. 28, the straits of Anian. No. 29, a mappcmonde, giving the west coast in the conventional ma- .r of the period No. 32, the North Pacific, showing an indefinite Pars AmenccTe." Nos. 34 and 35, the western hemisphere, with a Pacific coast of the Mercator type. The map of Poiro (ante, no. 85) distinguishes this edition from the Cologne edition of Ptolemy of the same year. ■' Wytfliet's continuation of Ptolemy coutaind several maps showing the west coast. No. I. The western hemisphere shows the straits ot Anian. This map is given in facsimile in the Nar. and Cnt. Hist. America, ii. p. 459. No. 13. " Granata nova et California " develops the region of the California peninsula, and a fac- simile of the map of the gulf is given in the Nar. and Cnt. Hist. America, ii. 4^8. f ^°^''*' 1' Q"'^'''^ et Anian," showuig tne region fiom Cape Blanco north. '' — A. D. 1598. Th2 mappemondes in Wolfe's Linschoten and in Munster s Cosmographia of the current type for the 84 and°86V^ North America. (Cf. ««/<•,' under nos. The Italian Ortelius published at Brescia, gives a mp.p of the current type for this coast, and one which c ings to the Asiatic theory, being about the last in- stance of such views. — A. D. 1600. The map in the America of Mctullus has the Wyt- flitt type. [Ante, under no. S-".) — A. D. 160I. Sal'nd ^^T °^ "^"*'* ^"'^ Quadus. (Ante, nos. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 53 (Molinsauz'B oast by C. de ibri of Maffeius. coMtaind several 283. A. D. 1602. The CJilifornia Coast after Viscaiuo. The coast from Cape Mendocino to Cape St. Lucas It is composed from the 32 charts of the co-ist which Viscaino made, and which were depos- ted in the Spanish Archives when he editors o the vovace of the Spanish vessels. " bu 1 ancl Mex icana'^ brought the present sketch to light, basing it ^"c'SeSYn'^S'a^^ Crit. Hist. Arnerica,f.^. ,:;• and reproduction in Atlas para el Viage de las ^^Itas SHtil y Mexicam (1802), by Dionysio Alcala- Galiano. 284. A. D. 1602. The same. A less perfect sketch. — A. D. 1603. The maps in Bolero's Relaciones, — ont of the world, the other of the western hemisphere, — are ot the Mercator type. The Italian edition was in 1595- CStQante, under no. 84.) — A. D. 1604. Buache engraved in 17 54 a Spanish map of 1604, made at Florence by Mathieu Neron Pecciolen, which shows the gulf of California and adjacent coasts. iHs also \nih^Encyclop^die published at Pans m 1777 (supplement). — A. D, 1606. The map in Cespedes' Regimiento de navegacion leaves the northwest coast partially indeterminate. (Ante, no. 89.) — A. D. 1613. The map illustrr-ting the narrative of Ferdinand de Ouir in the Betectio Freti of Hudson, edited by H.Geritsz, gives an unusual width to the straits of A n 1 in f The' Mercator-Hondius atlas contains a map of the world, another of America, both by Hond.us, and one of America by Michael Mercator They aU show the straits of Anian, but the protuberant coast of America has no marked feature except the gulf of California. Similar features mark the map of Hondlus, which he based on the results o. the voyages of Drake .and Cavendish {ante, no. 91), ana the map of Oliva {ante, no. 90). — A. D. 1622. The map in Kasper van Baerle's edition of Her- rera is thought to be the earliest ;o return to the original belief that the peninsula of Ca.iforma was an island. The history of this latter belief is traced in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, n. 401. etc. The same 1622 edition of Herrera at the same time repeats the map from the original edition of 1601, which presents the peninsular form for California. — A. u. 1625. Tlie -.-..-ip accnmpnnying the treatise by Briggs in Purchas's Pili^rimes {ante, no. 100). It is sketched in I-I. H. Bancroft's North Mexican .States, 1. 109. — A. D. 1626. The map in John Speed's Prospect makes Cali- fornia an island, and carries the main coast above it by a dotted line. — A. D. 1630. The map in De Laet's Nieuvit Wereldt. {Ante, no. 92.) 285. A. D. 1630. Northwest Coast by Dud- ley. From Dudley's Arcano del Mare, 1630. Kohl iudges from the original MS. draft of this map pre- served in Munich, in which the latest date men- tioned is 1621, that Dudley made this map but a tew vears later. Dudley seems not to have been aware of Viscaino's drafts. His inscriptions credit the discovery of the coast, which he calls " Regno di Quivira,'^' to Sir Francis Drake in 1579- He shows "Asia" on the west edge of the map, as " La grand isla di Tezo," and his notes at Munich say that Dud- ley got his knowledge of that region from the Jesuits in Japan. See facsimile in Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, ii. p. 465. This is plate no. xxxuii. Plates xxxi. and xxxii. represent California as a peninsula. In his Liber ii. (p. 19). a map of " Nuova Albione extends from a vague " golfo profondo (with an " I. de Cedros " at its entrance) to Cape Mendocino. Kohl gives 1630 as the date of the Arcano, but, no earlier edition than 1646 has come under my observation; though the book in a smaller shape and of that earlier date is said to exist. 286. A. D. 1630. Gulf of California by Dudley. This is, as Kohl says, from the MSS. of Dudley at Munich, and not from his Arcano 'el Mare. . he names are mostly Italian, but a few ...e m fepamsh. He represents California as a peninsula. It does not appear whence he got his views. — A. D. 1635. The Salstonstall English edition of the Hondius- Mercator atlas has a map of America ^yhlch is a reduction from the map in the 1613 edition of the atlas. — A. n. 1636. The Hexham English edition of the Hondius- Mercator atlas has two maps showing the west coast of North America. In both California is an island; in one there is, and in the other there is not a break in the main coast line opposite the head of the island. — A. D. 1637. A map in Le Monde of D'Avity, sketched in H. H. Bancroft's Northwest Coast, i. 108. It makes California an island Northwest Coast, i. 103, 104 Cf. H. H. Bancroft's — A. D. 1640. The alleged explorations of Bartolom^ de Fonte at this time gave rise, after the publication of the story fn 1708, to various conjectural maps of the west coast of North America, prominent among wh.ch are the renderings of Delisle and Buache, 1 752-53. and the map of Jefferys. ._._. _„f^„.^^h" The indications of this vcnuirc»umc ^.artngrapn. are noted in H. H. Bancroft's Northwest Coast, vol. i.. and in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. Amerira, 11. p. 462, 463. bee post, under A. D. 1752-53- 54 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. — A. D. 1646. Dudley's Arcano del Mare. See ante, nos. 285 2S6. The two maps of Petrus Koerius (1646) in Speed's Prospect of the most Juimous Paris of the IVorli (Lon- don, 166S), show the geographical' confusion of the time In one California is an island, with a tixcd coast above, to the straits of Ani.in ; in the other, California is .1 peninsula, and there are alternative coasts north of it, in half-shading. — A. D. 1651. A map in Jansson's Atlas Minor makes California .1 penmsula, indicates north of it a doubtful passage to the north sea, and further west delineates tiie "Prelum Anian." A map in S])ecd's Prospect (edition of 1676) makes C.ape Mendocino the northern point of California island, with a break in the coast of the main land op|)osite, while another Cape Mendocino is drawn still further north. _ A map of Virginia by Virginia Farrcr (facsimile m Aar. and Crit. Hist. America, iii. 465) makes the coast of New Albion (Drake's) lie at the base of the western slope of the A I leghanies, narrowing the con- tinent to a few days' journey. — A. n. 1652. Maps of the same cartographer, called in one N I. Visscher and in the other N. I. Piscator, make California a peninsula, and indicate the straits of Anian. — A. D. 1655. \yright in his Certain Errors in A^avimtion has an insular California. 287, A. D. 1656. Sanson's California. California is shown as an island, a view, as Kohl thinks, introduced by Purchas (ante, under a. d 1625; but see under A. D. 1622) in the map which he gives as found among some Spanish charts captured by the Hollanders. The countrv inland is called " Nueva Mexico " in the north, Knd " Nueva (Jni- nada in the south. The " Kio del Norte," on which .Santa Fe is placed, runs into the gulf of California- and this river continued to have this course given to "till Coronelli, as Kohl says, directed it to the gulf of Mexico. The map is reproduced in the supple- ment of the French Kncvclopcdie for 1777. S.anson repeated his' draft in 1657, making the m.ain co.xst end with " Aguhela de c'ato ; " and in his LAmirique (1657-83) he puts a " Terrc de Jesso northwest of the insular California. — A. D. 1659. The m.-ip in the Hist, of the World hv Petavius (Petau) gives an insular California .and the usual break in the mam coast opposite its northern e.v tremity. — A. D. 1661. ^" Y'"}" ^r°""''' sea-atlas the map " Nova Granada en 1 hylandt California " gives a strait of Anian a little higher up than the island, and puts a " Terra incognita beyond it. — A. D. 1663. The map " America; nova descriptio " in Hevlin's tosmographie(i(^% 1674. 1677) carries above a point opposite the head of the island of Calfornia a dotted line, which, farther above, branches in three con- jectural directions. — A. D. 1670-71. Hlome follows Sanson. In Montanus and Ogilby. California is an island [^ante, section vi., a. D. i67C>- 73). Ogilby's map is sketched in H. H. liancroft's Aortlnvest Coast, i. no. — a. d. 16S3-1704. Iiennei)in sometimes makes California an island sometimes a peninsula. Waeu about this time had the same hesitancy. 288. a. d. 168- ? New Mexico by Coronelli. An imperfect draft, without Kohl's annotations. It rci)resents California as an island. The " Rio del Norte ' becomes the " Rio liravo," and flows to the Mexican gulf. . Coionelli's globe of 1683 makes California an island. — A. D. 1684. Fianf|uclin's great map shows only a part of Cali- fcrnia, but he marks it as an island. (Ante, section 111., A. D. 1681-S4.) — A. D. 1694. Jaillot has California an island, with " Terra de Jesso northwest of it. (Post, no. 328.) — A. D. 1695. u,^ ^^?, "f Guillaume Delislc represents a " Mer de 1 Quest lying on the parallel from Cape Mendo- cino to Lake .Superior, but he gives it no defined connection with the Pacific, while the stniits of Anian are delineated with coast lines extended but a .short di.stance on either side. This mai) w.as pub- lished by the younger Delisle in 1752. About the close of the centurv Covens and Mor- tier of Amsterdam i)ublishc(l what are known as the C.arolus Allard atlases. One of these represents California as an island, and a " Terra Ksonis " north of it, with a strait at either cxtrcmitv, — th.at on the w'cst seiwrating it from " Vedso," apparently a part of the Asiatic coast. — A. D. 1698. Edward \yclls in his A^nu Sett of Mafs gives the island of California with a "supposed straits of Anian just north of its upper end, but he omits all coast lines above it. — A. n 1700. pclisle makes California a problematical penin- sula. ' 289. A. D. 1701. Gulf of California by Father Kino. .Shows the results of the explorations of Father Kuhn — a German, whose name was changed bv the Mexicans to Kino, .as Kohl s.av.s, - instig.ited by the Jesuit Salvatierra. The map'shows the con- victions of Kmo, ih.it ('.■ilifornia was a r..":-.in=Hla rather than a demonstration from his own' exploiii- '""^VJl'^P"''!''^''"' bis map originally in the Let- ties Edifiantes, vol. y. (1705), and it is called lassage par tcrre h. la Californie. Decouvert THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 55 L'alfornia a clotted 163 in three con- anus and Ogilby, >n vi., A. D. 1670- II. II. liancroft's fornia an island, lut this time had y Coronelll. il's annotations. The " kio del and flows to the s California an f a part of Cali- (A>iU, section vith "Terra de 28.) lents a " Mer de I Cape Mendo- s it no defined the straits of s extended but > map was pub- vens and Mor- u known as the lese represents Esonis " north , — that on the [larently a part '/<7fs gives the scd straits of ut he omits all natical penin- » by Father ins of Father s changed by i, — instigated hows the con- n ppnin=u!a, own exploia- ly in the Lf/- it is called Decouvert par le Rev. Vhre E. F. Kino, Jesuitc, depuis 1698 ^"slTc'F'atht'r Kino's explorations indicat ' in the map of Alzatc, [A iifc, no. 270.) Kino's map was re-engraved by Uuache ni Pars ishJIl in 'London, in the supplen.ent o the freoch FncvlopidU (1777). '^y M--^'-'^"" »'» Report of the Uuf fliinccr^, U.S. A. (.878). and >"!•"• "a»- croft's .V<';-/// Mexican States, 1. 499' ^f- -^'"■- "'"^ Crit, Hist. America, ii. p. 467' — A. D. 1705. The map in Harris's Collection of Voyages, repro- duced in 11. H- Bancroft's Northwest Coast, 1. 114. California is an island. — A. D. 1707. Vander Aa's map is sketched in H. H. Bancroft's A'orthiuest Coast, i. 115. — A. D. I7I2. A Spanish map of the Pacific coast of Mexico is described, ante, nc. 269. — A. 0.1715-1717- Dclisie varied in his drafts of California, being undecided on the evidence ; and in the latter year, while he made it a peninsula, he cut the coast line north of it by a great gulf, " Mer de 1 Quest, ex- tending inland indefinitely. — A. D. 1719. Ilomann of Nuremberg made an insular Cali- fornia, with an entrance to a supposed gulf oppo- site with an island in the middle of the passage. — A. D. 1720. The Atlas ^eosp-aphiciis of Seutter, Augsburg, re- tains the Californian island, separated by a pas- sage, " Fretum Anian hie esse creditur, from " Terra Essonis." ty])e, that it is scarcely reconcilable with other charts and 'journals, as to the names and situations of i)laces. The English cartographer also pricks out the tracks across the Pacific of Gaetan (1542). Men- dana (i56"^ Other uncertainties are ParFs, ^76^ ' ''"S"'"'^^' P«r I'M. Buache. — A. D. 1767. Map by Alzate {ante, no. 270). A Tesuit man of — A. D. 1768. Jefferys' map of the De Fonte narrative eiven a so in the supplement of the French EncyclfpMe J1777), and m H. H. Bancroft's Northwest Coalt. — A. D. 1772. Vaugondy's Carte de la Californie, reproduced ih the supplement of the French £Hcyc}oj>Me(^yjyy — A. D. 1774-1790. Copies of maps in the Hydrographic Office Ma- drid now m the Department' of State, Washhigfon marked F.a^es de /os £spa,loles a la rosta noZfte^ 17m '^ '" """' ''" 1^-1775-177971788 y 293. A.D. 1753. The Northwest Coast, by T Jefferys. From Cape St. Lucas to 60° n. lat An inmm Plete sketch Shows New Albion and the X wel' in mfd '"■''''•• ^ '^'P'^°^«' '"g^ island ?o?'e west in mid ocean is marked as seen or suspected to exist by Behr.ng in 1728, and Tschirikow'^^r?74i wUhir Wi^r;eg"''^°"'^ '° '^"""•^'^^ ''^^ f-^'fi-^ 294. A. D. 1758. Alaska. Map of discoveries made by Russian vessels wh.Vli u^s published by the Acadelny at II Petersburg J 1759. showing the voyage of Behrinc and Tsrhiri kow. The Aleutian islands are shown a con Sed" to form a supposable broad peninsula. The " R vS .ere delos Reyes de I'Admira! de Fjnte"064o is marked " prctenda, " and the inlet held to be found ?nhnd tVI \^'^' >s indicated, but not continued miand. The entrance found by d'Acuilar in iTwt w roue's//^ '°""' ""^^ '° '^""'-^^ wfth the •■ it'de — A. D. 1760. An entrance to an interior passage in the north- west is given in L'Amh-hme par les S'' &v7n^i -^'fi^fP^^rUS^.Rol^^t. if is g^vent Vandfr Aa^ west rectiju^ f,ur ic .j . i^unerc. it is gi Galerie agriable du Monde, vol. 1. — A. D. 1761, Jajanise map?"''' ''''''"'''' ^-^'' ■• '30, gives a — A. n. \~i(i2, Jefferys in delineating the northwest coast puts an entrance supposed to have been found in 1502 bv Juan de Fuca to the south of " Fousang " ^^ ^ 295. A. D. 1775. Upper California by MaurelU. The chart of Antonio Morelli, who accomoaniprl Mexkr"'B°1 ''="', °"' '" '775 by the Vice^oJ'of Mexico. Bodega, who commanded one of the ves- sels, discovered a harbor just north of San Fran CISCO, and named it after himself Kohl copies "n this a transcript of a chart preserved in tL Spanish Arduvxs, which transcript, attested by Navar etc t m the Department of State at Washington. It pur! po ts to be drawn from observations made by'Bo- dcga, commander of the « Sonora," and by Maurelli There are no indications of De Fuca's strait on it. — A. D. 1775. A map by Jefferys delineates the coast from New Albion to Mount St. Elias, indicating several opeT ings, but not carrying them inland. ^ — A. D. 1776, A map by Jefferys pives a protuberant coast line at the northwest, named "America," the northem par of which he marks -according to thrfaS ese." vyhile south of that he designates it as rj •seen by Spangenberg. ,728," " ^lashka " i" ma e See past, no. 336. 296. A. D. 1777 San Francisco and Monterey by Junipero Serra. " VuT. '^ "''"''' !", ^^-^ ^'""^'' ^^''S'^um inscribed : „rl r'^.."v'''H- "^^^J"'^' ^'''^'^ '-''-■«'^" Mon.ercval tecit. anno ,777." Supposed, in the p ricLe tr"ck "pen the drawng. to re , resent the jou nev "f Don Jose Moraza, about the bay of San Francisro nn!l ?^ record his surveys. Kohl supp^Us the imperfect THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 57 uiges in all the iiade in dealing and the others. nccrtainties are 'usnge dtt Noi en r Phil. Buache, Jesuit map of piemen t of the arrative, given h EncychpMie ^rthwest Coast, reproduced iit 'i^die (1777). ic Office, Ma- Washington, !ta norvesle de ■1779, 1788 y »y Maurelli. accompanied e Viceroy of 2 of the ves- f San Fran- )hl copies in the Spanish Navarrete, is on. It pur- nade by Bo- by Maurelli. traits on it. t from New iveral open- it coast line le northern the Japan- it as land a " is made straits sep- ilonterey inscribed : [onterey al :trus Font :ked track ey of Don ico, and to imperfect delineation of the Monterey waters to follow earlier surveys. — A. D. 1778- The map in Carver's Travels through the Interior r.irtsofr ■'/; America in 1766-1708, London, I778- It shows t New Albion coast, with vague nidica- tions of the straits of Anian and the Western sea. It is sketched in H. II. Bancroft's Northwest Coast, '■ Captain James Cook's map of his explorations on the northwest coast, published in his Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, 1776-1780. 297. A. D. 1782. Upper California by Maacaro. The coast is shown from Cape Mendocino to San Dieco. From a MS. Spanish map m the Ikitish Museum. The tracks of the expedition by land of Juan Baptista de Ansa and others are noted by pricked lines. ;. New Mexico by Maa- caro. 298, 299. A. D. 178; A tracing from the original in the British Museum, and an imperfect draft of the same, without annota- tions by Kohl. 300. A. D. 1782. Port of San Diego. Published in 1802, in the accounts of the voyage of the " Sutil y Mexicana." — A. D. 1782. Janvier's map preserves the great Sea of the West, with two entrances, — one passed by Aguilar, the other by De Fuca. It is sketched in II. II. Ban- croft's Northwest Coast, i. 135. — A. D. 1786. The maps of La Perouse in his Voyage autour du Monde. II. H. Bancroft, Northwest Coast, 1 ••''^ sketches one of them. 176, 301. A. D. 1787. Old and New California by Diego Franciaco. Shows the gulf of California and the Pacific coast north to San Francisco. Made to show the travels of [unipero Serra, the president of the missions of California. The bounds between New and Old California are laid down as an east and west line from the coast, just south of San Diego, to the head of the gulf of California. A road is indicated as connecting all the missions. — -A.D. 1787. The map in George Dixon's Voyages Round the World, 1785-1788, part of which is given m U. 11. Bancroft's Northxoest Coast, i. 180. 302. A. D. 1 791. Port of Monterey. From the atlas of the " Sutil y Mexicana " voyage. 303. A. D. 1791. The Straita of Juan de Fuca. Part of a MS. chart of Vancouver.-, Island and surrounding waters, obtained from Mexico, u .d pre- served at Washington. It shows the Spanish sur- veys of Francisco Elisa, or his deputy, Alferez Quimper. It is given in the Reply oj the United States (1872) on the San Juan boundary; and II. H. Bancroft's Northwest Coast, i. 242, gives part of it. Cf. other maps of Elisa, Ibid. i. pp. 245, 247. 304. A.D. 1791. Friendly Cove, Vancouver'a laland. From the map published in the account of the voyage of the " Sutil y Mexicana." ?>ttpost, no. 310. . 305. A. D. 1791. Queen Charlotte's Island by Captain Ingraham. From the MS. report of Captain Ingraham, pre- served in the Department of State, Washington, — the same named by Captain Gray in 1790, " Wash- ington Island." — A. D. 1791. Map in Marchand's Voyage autotir du Monde, \)aTt of which is given in H. H. Bancroft's Northwest Coast, i. 256. — A.D. I79I. Georg Forster's Nordwestkiiste von America, show- ing the " Grosser Nordlische Archipelagus Lazan, with "Juan de Fuca's Einfahrt." 306. A. D. 1792. Quadra and Vancouver's Island by Ingraham. From the same report as no. 305. Cf. H. H. Ban- croft's Northwest Coast, i. 278. 307. A.D. 1792. California Coast. Shows the coast from 17° to 48° n. lat., following part of a Spanish chart in the archives at Wasning- ton, which came from Mexico. See no. 309. A-f'- 308. A. D. 1792. California Coaat. The map in the Atlas fara el Viage de las Goletas Sutil y Mexicana en 1703, published in 1802, under the editing of Nav.irrete. - the ships being com- manded by Valdes and Galiano. Ihe map maker profited b)- the surveys of Vancouver, who had pub- lished his results meanwhile. 309. A. D. 1792. Northwest Coaat. A continuation northward of the chart, no. 307. Friendly Cove by Captain Ingraham. 310. A.D. 179 From Ingraham's report, already cited. 311. A. D. 1792. Vancouver's laland and the Oregon Coaat. From the Atlas of the "Sutil y Mexicana" expe- dition. — A. D. 1792-93- IT. H. Bancroft in his Northwest Coast, vol. i., gives the following maps : , , ^ \ ' j_' Haswell's map of Nootka (p. 262). 1702. Caamaiio's map (p. 26<9). 1702. Gali.ano's ma,) (p. 272). 1792. Vancouver's maps (pp. 276, 2»0). 1793, Vancouver's map (p. 292). I 58 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. — A D. 1793. //J/>^,c;"'''''/1^'"'> G^'-'son's Observations on inL'n 77. '"""""' "1 "^l^"'"'' '""^ ^""> Oceans, — A. D. 1812-1813. Carta general (Pacific ocean) /^r %j/«V ^j-i)/>/wa Londres am 1812 : Corregida In 1S13. ""' ■^'^""'"'■ 312. A. D. 1854. An engraved j^-^ir/^ des /?usshc/,en Amerika rs W..« W.«.^;.« ran //. 7. //./«,<5,^^. Ilelsingfors, X. THE NORTHERN PACIFIC OCEAN AND ITS COASTS. ^'^'^'^ #•# See section ix. 313. A. D. 1457. China and Japan. 314. A. D. 1490. Eastern India, from the Ptol- emy of 1490. The furthest point to the west is the gulf of ?rf '," ^> P^'='fi<= '=o=i3t is cut off by thf riglu hand edge of the map, and this is, in Kohl's opi fo , the shore Cohnnbus bcbeved that he was sl^irting saibng along the gulf-sidc of Central America, f he n.|me Catfgara, here on the land at the S t-hand edge of the map, Kohl says he finds in eaflv maps ^^^T^^! '''"' ^""^'^^- ^- ^"- ''^ 315. A. D. 1513. Pacific Ocean. A Portuguese map. The west coast of America IS umndentcn at Munich Kohl oa Miranda de Azevedo m 15 13, who joined at the Moluccas an earlier expedition ( 1511-15," 1 yFr,! CISCO SerrSo to those islands. This map I's ketchel in the ,V„r. and Cnt. Hist. America, ii.'p 4^0 See section IX., under A. D. 1513. ^ ^^ 317. A. D. 1536. The Moluccas by Baptista Agnese. \Jm'^ "''^ ''"''? °^ ^8""^ '■" 'fi'^ Brit'sli Museum. back bvT)H''r"'"%^«"'=^^ "^<^^' ""^ "^'-^l^ '"-""S back bv IJel Cano from Magellan's expedition 1,^ nonf 'H^ ^'' """"^ "f Si'anish in tre'na S'and none of Portuguese. The names in I'igafet la's nar- [riuuls" re nf: '^r'^ "T^" •^^'^ f°"'"' h-e a,ul the Inlands are p aced m relation to each other as to di- rection and distance as in that report. The Moluc- cas seem to be curiouslv duplicated, the one draf of them being 15° east of the other. 3ia A. D. 1536. Eastern Asia by Agnesd From the same At/as as no. 317. it shows the oTcS '°"''"" '^^""""'^^ °^ ^ '-' a«d tCcols? 319. A. D. 1542. Eastern Asia by Rotz. //'^'"''./"'''"."^ Orient," from Rotz's Boke of :iT''^'7^'\ the Pritish Museum. It shows thf two great Asiatic peninsulas, the islands of Java etc and what seem to be the northern p ts ofAus: tra.a; and this, in Kohl's opinion, is the earliest 316. A. D. 1518. (■>) Pacific Ocean. r.^^ll^" ?''^'^'^^ ^""'•^ ^'^ 'he " Ilhas de Maluqua " on the extreme east the coast discovered by ] .aboa «j;Uba, tloiicLi etc. In mid-oce.in there is nothing The origina is a Portuguese chart in the Mili^nrv Museum at A unich. Kohl supposes it to Lvc S m.-u!e about the time Magellan's fleet was fitt nVm and that it probably represent, that explorer 's^iwJ of the ocean which lie was going to seek. The eiilf of Mexico is left open towards the Pacific The j\ar. ana Cnt. Hist. America, li. 217. 320. A. D. 1543. Asia. .Shows the whole of Asia. From the Polv/nttoria of .So inus. T he southeastern part becomes a con/r nental peninsula, as in the .incieiu r^aps Tl n" 'itT\ t-'^,""""^. Tsingrinus, did not recognize ie fact, as Kohl thinks, that the Portuguese had -ilrpnrl^ 321. A. D. 1550. Japan and the China Coast by Freire. K,^,?""! 1 •?'"V"'''*,"° ''y J"^» Freire, inspected bv Koh while in the liands of Santaicm. In hisnoteF Kohl says that some of the maps in it are dated 546. though this one is undated /but he bdie c it to have been made about 1550. It w.is in ico^r .545 that the Portuguese under Fe d nan 1 M^^.^Iel i'into reached Japan; but their commercial iier course began in .549, when their missionar X vie^ of tlV'r '' ■"""''• '^'"■'' "^'-^ ■■» 'M"= "f the^o tour of the Japanese coast common n European mn « S^a,"';.,'.^'" "'""«" "■= »'»•« "' " K, From Ilomem's MS. atlas in the British Museum As .a Portuguese, Homcm's kiu.wledgeTthe ClZ; coast was superior i , that of any o^le existing record, and better th.u. that employed by OrtS and Mercator much later. "' ■' '^"'■""s 323. A. n. 1568. The East India Islands bv Martiues. The chief name on the map is " Jsoli Maluchi " nnrked'"'r' "''''" '"'''' "^ '''" Antarctic coSnt marked discoperta novamente." The map is •« accurate than Ilomem's. (See ante, no. S ^ THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 59 i by Baptista >hlna Coast 324 A D. I '570. Straits of Anian and Neigh- boring Lands by Ortelius. From the Theatntm orbis termriiith Antwerp, i570. Kohl says that lor all north (jf 40" (Japan) Ortelius had no authority but Pliny, Ptolemy, Marco Polo, aul the geograi..,;oal traditions of l"s f me. An "Oceanus Scythicus" is given above 58 N. lat., bounded westerly by a northern peninsula of Asia. America lies wliolly south of the same ocean. 1 he neninsula of California is drawn, but represented ^ery broad; the gulf is called " Mar Verineio." Tapan is longest east and west, and lies midway be ween Asia and America. The sea contracts above Japan, in 48° N. lat., forming the straits o Anian ("Stretto di Anian"). He gets ' Qumci," "Mmci" "Mare Cin," from Marco Polo. Ihe map is 'called " Tartaric sive Magni Chami regm ^^'Hie straits of Anian seem to be earliest indicated on the Marlines map {ante, in section i.x., under A r> 1558)- Various later maps in that section show the changing notions respecting the straits of Anian. 325. A. D. 1 574. Anian and Quivira by Fcrlani. A small, incomplete sketch of Forlani's map ( vith- ont comment by Kohl), showing the straits of Anian separating "Anian Regnum" from "Quivir, with " Isle di Giapan," stretching cast and west between the Asiatic and American coasts. It is sketJheU in the Niir. and Cril. Hist. America, ii. p. 454. — A. D. 1 583-1600. The Japanese map in the Sloane collection, British Museum. 326. A. D. 1 592. Northeastern Asia and Japan from Molineaux's Globe. Extract from the globe in the Middle Temple, London. The contour of Japan follows Portuguese sources. — A. D. 1597- No -8 of the Arnheim edition of Ptolemy, show- ing tiie straits of Anian. (See ti,v van het macti:^k Koninghnjk van Jafan (Lucas and Caron). The island is repre- sented as connected by a neck with the continental " Landt van Jlsso." • „ h The explorations of the Dutch gave rise to the br^licf in a larce island King in the north f aalic, between America and Asia, called the i.-,1.ukI oI " Tesso," with the supposed straits of Anian on the east and the " Detroit de Vries " on the west. It clung for some time to the maps. Cf. Nar. ami Oit.Hist. America, ii. pp. 463. 464. wl^efe is a fac- simile of the map of Hennepin, as repeated by Cam- panius. There :ire other indications of it m maps noted in section i.x., after this date. (See post, no. 330) 329. A. D. 1700. Northeastern Asia by Ysbraud Ydrea. Made from explorations of this agent of the Rus- sian Rovernment, and published as "Nova Tabula Imperii Uussici." " Kamzatza " is a small river of the region, which ought to show the peninsula ol Kamtschatka, but instead shows a rectangular cape, with the Pacific shore running north and south, ana the Arctic shore east and west. 330. A. D. 1706. Terra de Yesso by Lugtenberg. A curious configuration of North America is bounded on the north by Hudson's bay, connecting by the straits of Anian with the Pacific. North of these straits, and west of Hudson's bay and Baffin s bay, is an elongated (east and west) " lerra de Yesso," separated at the west end by the " Straet de Vries" from Yedso, a part of Asia, of which Japan is a southern peninsula. He supposes " Yesso to be the countrv of the Lost Tribes, uid the route by which America was peopled fron^ >ia. A chain ot smaller lakes connects the Or JLakes of CanaUa with the Pacific. (See ante, no. 328.) 331. A. D. 172- (?) Kamtschatca by Homann. Published by J. B. Homann in N'/emberg. Evi- dently made before Behring's expedition in 172S. it purports to be based on the reports of Russian caracks and sable hunters. The peninsula is ex- tended too far south, and Homann seems to con- found it with Jesso. The northern end of Niphon or Japan is shown. The mouth of the Amur (Amoor) is shown. 332. A. D. 1721. Northern and Eastern Asia by Lange. Without annotation. 333. A. D. 1728. North Eastern Asia by Behring. Without annotation. 334. A. D. 1750. Northern Pacific by Delisle and Buache. " Carte des nouvelles decouvertes au nord de la mer du Sud, drcssee sur les memoires deM.de L'lsle par Phihppe Buache, et present^ k '"^ ^ f" mie des Sciences par M. De L'lsle, I750." P^lisle worked up his memoir in St. Petersburg, with the aid of Russian reports and surveys. The tracks ot Behring, Spanberg, and others are laid down. Bu- ache has tried on the American side to reconcile the reports of De Fontc with the later Russian dis- coveries, and gives a large inland " Mer de I'Oucst," the archipelago of St. Lazare and connecting inland waters, and Vhe "lac de Velasco." He also put3 down the supposed land seen by I>c O.ama in mid- ocean, as also seen by Tschirikow and Delisle m 1741. See section ix., under A. D. 1752-53- 335. A. D. 1761. Shores of the Northern Ocean. The map in Coxe's Russian i;/j-^<7irr/«, London, 180^ showinc the exploration of the Russian Shal- auroHn liGi*: Cf. m'ap of the Northern Pacific with Russian discoveries, in London Magazine, 1704- 6o THE^KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. ■ <««** A ■ ■ . '^^ ^-^^ ^768~R^aji America. is made a hut it a ml hin. ff''f '''"• "^'=»«chka " America, this ,)„inf f ^ ^ "" "''^ <^"-'»s' "f North severed in t e'n a from ^hr"''"''" ^-nerica I,d J that in construcli^i^t ,is' ,,n'.;"'": .^'T'^ 'hin)" rfe I'Asie et le Nor !-( cTt "if 'r^^"'' ''^ ^'^^'l-K^t cartes modcrnes. ]'ir m f ' •'}me''ciue avec dcs outlines are given l/rcd V ''' '^5-" Engcls Bnache's in bh,e/ T eToL^lL^'""''^ ''' '".» '^'^''ck, as much as 40' i„ so„ 'e nhces ''^'"'" '''"' 'h'^'" i>ee ««/.. section ix , under a. d. 175,-53 3*3. A. D. ,548. NoTthv^em Europe" J^!X:h'^ohl'u^:;^:^,ri^'v^^r'"■ "^ "-" 344. A. D. 1546. Scandinavia. la3"^^F:i;;/^'fe"^S^'=|;;-c.«Is,amda"(rce- po.ssession, when Koh 00k It ^"f's .^'■'''■'-'' '" "'*= branch of the JJaltic is ma,\l f. '^•""••"■'•""'- One northern ocean. Kohl sml?, / Z"""''''-"' ''''^^' "'c the nan,es in the no 1 ZfltJr"" ""= ^•'^'^' "'•■»' not Scandinavian, tha the Ve.V wP'i'''^' "^ '"" '^^-^^ crn drafts. (W;,/;., no. 153.) *■ ''"' ""' "^« "'^"h- 345. A. a ,567. Scandinavia by Olaus Magnus. nnvi"i;;?^S-;|, -=;•;;" the "-'-V "f Scandi- cal kno'wle« na4oft,.i^i;::-'-:;2srinhe^:^„u,|^i,^^ XI. V See sections i..iv., v., and vi. 3^ A. n. ,450. Ti,e Northern Coast of Europe. The island " Anfilia''Cd'.'sSti'a"t SouSr"""" 3*1- A.D X534. Scandinavia by Bordone. i53rrh;';!.rif Stt'SSfa''^^''''''f' ^-'-. It shows the Baltic °L si "^.'''''^'■'^'^ '" 'S-^S with " Engronelant '-'(G eenhnH 1 1 ^'"" ''^"'"'"''-^ 7 - '^^^ie^-SSa?^^^^^^^^^^ '- N^Il^j^rihJSS^^^^'ll^-'-ntheJastby '•.e. Virens terra." ad outhl' f"'"' "fironland" s.Ve de Jiaccalao;, I.ca ,0 ! " ' ^ ^"" ""^a terruptcd at the nortlnves Kv ,~ '"''"''^ ™='-'^* '"s '"n- "Island, Thyle" ilTu ^ ? "l"'""'^ or vignette this ocean, ^[^the e.^Sf no ';;,'V" ''h^ ?''^^^ °^ unter hie Stockfish.'^'Tl, ^.^ ^^'^,54;^^'- ''L7rT ''°'*'^^"-«° by Stephanius. draft was secminclv biso o'^ ' "?"' '57o." The of early Scandinanvu;°5oT'' °' '."''"'""^ land, which here is placed i?" T...-'' f'""' ^«- of the map. C)n the west H,."^"'' !■"""= centre called "]!'iarmala,ui"''Xr,' 'irJ.Pf ^'""vay is strait is shown as rn,.,.nZ- ■ , "^'^' ^ narrow theRussiansr;^'rn„,'^°™"K.J^^ known to the north is '' Jotin I emnr" '/'.«'■. ^"""*'7- On of giants) ; onlhe wes 11^„/':' ' P^-'^nd ^ (,„„d seems to be Greenland '^^^ .'1' ' Heiiolfsness," southwest a caiestretchet"", ''':." ^T' ' ^' ">e "marked '' Promo'ntor un ' vtla £"/•' V\^'"^ '^ thinks may have beei Np^„f n' .^^'"'-'^ Kohl this and Grcenhnd ifi / • ^"""'"'■*"^- lictwecn («tony land)' " MarklS"'^ f ""''V " "^"eland." ''^kraelingeli'nd-X'd'ofdwate''^ ^""^^' =^"^ Kohl gives a sk-pfrK ^c .1 • "'/■, 347. A. D. 1570. The North Atlantic. oucC^:;f Ss:St":i^'^^^? °^ >'= -j^n^'s Kohl thinks it follows Sea Klfni •""■'°'','' I^landus." north Atlantic is sZ vn ,1 " i^I,'"" '''■'!d'''°"«- The IS a narrow strait connectinl Stl'' 'Y^^^ ^^''^ north of the ScandinavHn .1 • ,"'^ ^''^''c sea, tracted continnatk^n "f th? '^'"'"'"'^•. «"d a coi,: t^yeen "Gallia" and a hJT '^ '^^ '°"''^' I^^- which is seen, and called A ,i- "°>"'"" P^^" of itla." "Albania," etc Abnv^T-'"' "^""^ ^'0^- ne!, running west from h^.",' '■\'^"°ther chan- west and north of thU, enclosed ocean. Tiie «>arked (go ng no "h,°"u" '! ''"';'"'«' l^^' ^ land I5pl/;"Krokffiorde iide""Rr:.;^'-f^''' T "-^'-^^ leland." "^'"tme, l li.shcd in 1613. It purports to be taken from a Rus- sian map, and the language of that to be translated into Latin. . j 1 • *v„ The map by Isaac Massa is reproduced in the llakluyt Society volumes,— The three Voyages of IVil- hin Barentz (1876) and Three Voyages by the North £(W/(i8s3). 353. A. D. 1773. Northwestern Europe, Spitz- bergen and Greenland by Phippa. It shows the ocean north of 50=, and west of the meridian running through Iceland ; a part of Green- land is projected above 71°- i-'rom the map given by Constantine John I'hipps in his Voyage towards the North Pole, London, 1774. 354. A. D. 1818. North Atlantic by Buchan. It shows Iceland, Norway, Spitzbergen, and the east coast of Greenland. It is taken from the chart in F. W. Beechev's Voyage of Disan'ery toamrds tlie North Pole, performed in his Majest/s Ships Doro- thea and Trent, under the coMmaad oj Cyv. D. Buchan, London, 1843. ♦,* Cf. the enumeration of Arctic maps in the British Mu- seum Catal. of Engraved Maps, 1885, column 175. XIL SOUTH AMERICA. *«* See section il., antt, and xiii. to xvt.,/M/. — A. D. IS«S- Schoner's early globe, of which there are drawings of the South American parts in Kuge's Zeitalters der Entdeckungen (p. 461), and in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. viii. Cf. ante, nos. 34 and 35, and the Nordenskiold gnrcs of the early part of tlie si.\teeath century, figured in that author's Globkarta fran Borjan af sexton de selket, and in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. viii. 355. A. D. i54o(?). South America, {French.) Part of a MS. mappemonde in the British Mu- seum, supposed to have been made by order of Francis I. for the Dauphin. Cf. Malte Brun, Hist, de la Chgraphie (Paris, 1831), vol. i., p. 630. The general name of the continent seems to be La Terre du Brhil, which convinces Kohl that the map-maker used Portuguese sources, which is also apparent from the Portuguese Havor of the French n.tmes on the map, where French is used. There are, how- ever, Spanish legends in some parts, as on the east coast of Patagonia. There are no n.ames on the coast of Chili, which leads Kohl to thmk that the map could not have been made long after 1535, when that coast became well known. The Amazon is not represented except in its mcuth ; and as Orellana did not explore it till 1543. intelligence of his voyage had not reached, it would seem, the draughtsman. The La Plata connects with the Ama- zon's mouth, making an island of the most easterly part of the continent. There is a sketch of it in the Nar. .nnd Crit. Hist. America, vol. viii. — A. D.I 544. Cabot's mappemonde. (See ante, section ii., sub 1544.) A sketch of the South American part is given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. viu. — A.D. 15.^5-49. Medina's Arte de navegar (i54S) had a map of South America, cut off .above the La Plata. This same cut was pieced out to include Magellan's straits in the edition of 1549. A facsimile of this last is given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. vui. — A. D. 1 548. The " Carta Marina " of the Ptolemy of this year. See ante, under no. 58. A facsimile of this map is given in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. viii. 356. A. D. iS5o(.''). South America. From a Spanish portolano preserved in the Bod- leian Library, at Oxford. Indications of towns founded after 1550 would probably put the date of the map about 1 560, as Kohl indeed says in his an- notations, but he gives the date "about 1350" in the title of it. The interior of the continent is rather fancifully laid out, and the coasts are not so well made out as on contemporary Portuguese charts. What seem to be the Falkland islands are called "y53 de S. anton." 357. A.D. I550(?). A less perfect draught of the same. 62 THE KOHL COLLKCTION OF EARLY MAPS. - A. a 155,, 'I'hc Jlcllero map. Sec ante, no. 64. There is a fa«,m,lc of u ,n the y\„r. unj Cnt.J/ist. AmnJ, — A.D. 1556. M.ip in Kamusioi repeated in the cduion of ie6« «wr»v //'^f"* ''"'"■■"■■ '^a..f''"i"'il«; in the Lr. ami trtt. Jltst. Arncrua, vol. ii., p. 328. 358. A.D. i5S-(?). South America. [French.) From a MS. map once in the possession of M. Joniard. Kohl tiunivs it a Krciicli map niado after a 1 ortu^ucse original, and that it rcsunl.lcs the Nico- liis Vallard map ot 1547. The general n.in.c of the contmcnt is Amerique. There I.eii.g n.. trace of Villegagnon s settlement in Hrazil in 1556, Kohl nuts Its date earlier than that year. ' — A. D. 1 561. The maps in the Ruscelli edition of I'tolemv. aee ante, nnder no. 69. 359. A. D. 1562. South America by Gutierrez. After an engraved map, thought by Kohl to be the earliest on so large a scale, and called. "Ame- rica sive ouartx orbis partis c.vactissima descriptio. Auctore Diego Gutierro, Phillppi regis Ilisp. (Jo.s- m..Rr.-iphi. 1 .Cochexcud. 1562." It shows neither l.ituiule nor longitude, 'j-he serpentine course of the Amazon is like the delineations of Homcm and the river bears the names reported bv Orellana. ?""'" .°' ''«= Amazon, and between it and the La • y; '^ '^9 '^'" ''^' -'^larafu-n, which is made to rise in lake Titicac.i, and empty into the Atlantic. The Al.-igdalena River was known after 1538, but it fails of recognition on this map, which is sketched in the JVar. and Cut. Jlist. America, vol. viii. — A. D. 1569. The great Mercator map. Sec ante, under no. 71. — A. D. 1570. The Ortelius atlas. See ante, no. 72. — A. D. 1572. The Porcacchi map. See ante, under no. 72. 360. A. D. i57-(?). South America by Forlani. The printed map of Paulo di I-'orlani in the British Museum without date. It is called /.„ Dcsa;ttioue i/i tutto ,1 Peru. 1 he n,-inie of Peru docs not other- wise occur on it. 'Phe eastern c.xtrcmitv is called 1 erra del I?rns,l." The n.irthwest corner'is marked, Castiglia del ( )ro." The Orinoco country is called ^a nova Andalucia." The longitude is'reckoned apiJarently from Pico in the Azores. There is a copy of the original in Harvard College Library after which a facsimile was made in the Nar. ami Cnt. J/ist. Anwrka, v''■"""'' ^'"' t''c (late isSs(.'), adopted 1 the Museum catalogue. The ParaKuay c- ed ncaion also through various channels with the At- lantic, above ami below Cape St. Augu -e 'Ac map IS cut off just north of I'atagonia a \ held by Kohl to have been used by 11,,^ | ,s n his man .nade shortly .• .r .600. Thl " Rio C;?ai d " (nT L'- dalen.i) ,s developed more than on any e:;rlier man l^iJ^e 1 a sLt l^'''!""™ - - .ncre-co^st" r";;; : — A. D.I 587. 363, 364. A. D. 1592. South America by De Bry. An imperfect sketch, and a tracing. South America by Judeeis. 365. A. D. 1593. JxlTrT f^'^T.':'^ "'"'' ''y Cornelius Juda;is, sire m, t! o "l 'I ^T'-' '"'.'" ^"""'=" '« =' «"'^"1 glma del DoTaJa"' '"' " ""'''-' '° "^'^ '" ''^ " ^- — A.D. 1593. M.ip of Maffcius. Sec ««/^, under no. 83. — A. D.I 597. ,J}^^ "'•■''" ,'" ^Vytfliet'.s continuation of Ptolemy imv "f ;•.""'''■•'• ""• «5). and in the editions o H cmy at Cologne and Arnheim (see ante, under no — A. D. 1598. no^^'.'"''' '" *^""''"'^ Cosmog^-aphia. See ante, 366. A.n, T599. South America by Linschoten. From an engraved map in Linschotcn's A'avicatio til hiiiiam Onnitalctn. The La PHfV ri ■ ■ !u "Laguna del Dorado." ^'"'^ "'" '" '*'«' THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 03 illxus. Sec ante. Linschoten. — A. D. 1599- . „ . . Hulsius's " Nova ct exacta cklincatio America; mrtis au^tralis" in the \e,a hi^torut of Schtnulcl, nmslerdam, 1 5'W. P""-' "' w'''^'' ''* S'vc" n. facMUule in tiie Nar. end Cril. Hist. Amenca, vol. via. 367. A. 1). i6oo(?). South America. It .shows the continent between the northern lin.its of lir.i/.il anil the upper parts of I'atagoma. After a MS. map in the Depftt dc hi Marme at 1 ans, I'ara near the moutli of tiie Amazon, founded soon after' i6.'o, is not indicated, and the conrse of the Amazon is not improved upon the type fashi<)ned after the reports of Orcllana m fS42.- ^^^fj^r Titieaca is a legend about tlic explorations of Nulio de Chaves, in i557-'56o- "'"he •;»'"»;=» -i"''. '•«i;'-'l'- tions are nearly all Spanish, with an admixtine of Fortui-uese in Itrazil. The desij^n.itions of the oceans and a few other names are French. 1 hesc features iiulicatc a French draughtsman, working on Spanish and Portuguese models. — A. D. 1601. Map in Ilerrera. See ante, no. 88. — A. I>. 1603. The map in liotero's Kelaciones. no. 84. See ante, under — A. D. 1606. Map in the Regimiento de Navegadon of Ccspcdes. See anti:, no. 89. 368. A. u. i6io(?). America MeridionaUa. From the Hoiidins- Mercator Atlas, Amsterdam, i6to. The map is without date. The great An- tarctic Continent, " Terra del Fogo," would indicate that it was made before l.emaire's voyage in 1615. No draughtsman's name is attachcil to the map, but Kohl conjectures that it was made by llonduis. Kohl calls it the most correct map at its date. _ Lake Titicaca connects with the Amazon. The " Fupana Lacus" connects south with the La I'lata, north with the Amazon, and east w''W the Atlantic. The continent is made 60'^ broad See the llondius map in lu, Mercator Atlas of 1613, and in Purchas, iii. p. 882. — A. D. 1613. The map in the Ddectionis Freti, etc. The map of Joannes Uliva in the Lritish Museum. See ante, no. 90. — A. D. 1625-30. See De Laet, ante, no. 92. — A. D. 1635. See the Mercator Atlas, ante, under no. 100. — A. D. 1651. Jannson's Atlas Minor, ii. 401. 369. A. D. 1660. South America by AUard. In the Orinoco lie follows Visrchcr ; in the Aina- zon, Acuiia. The river Xanca in Peru is made the source of the Amazon. lie records Brouwer's pas- sage between btaten island and Tierra del Fuego, m 1643. — A. I). 1G63. Heylin's Cosmosniphia. 370. A. D. 1680-S1. South America by Sharp. The map i» called " A description of the South sea and Coasts of America, Containing the whole navigation to all those places at which Capt. Sharp and his Companions were in the years 1680 and lOSi." Sharp's track of circumnavigation is pricked on the map. The southern point reached by him was 58° 25', where he saw no land, lie went much to the southeast of State.i island, called by him Albemarle island. The map is copied from Kin- grose's JJuccaniers o/Amtrica, 2d cd. London, 1084. XIIL NORTHERN PARTS OF SOUTH AMER- ICA. %• See sections ii. and xii., ante. 371. A, I). 1535- North Coast of South Amer- ica by Lorenz Friess. One of the twelve sheets of a wood-cut map, made in I <;2S. but not published till 1530, and based it is thought, on maps of Waldseemiiller, as he had also used that geographer's maps in the 1522 edition of I'tolemy. The main inscription on the continent is " Das niiv erfundc land." Kohl thinks the informa- tion used was not very recent in 1525. It is sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, 11. p. 218. 372. A. D. 1528. Terra de Santa Croce by Bordoue. From the first edition of llordonc's Isolario,\l2^. It is called, "Terra dc santa croce, over Mondo nuovo nuovo. He considers South America an is'ancU having no connection with Asia or with North Americ.1. "C. S. X." is the designation put or the present Cape St. Augustine, and l.razil is callea "I'aria." He h.-id only heard reports of lialboa s and Magellan's discoveries, and he omits the south- ern parts of the continent. The map is supposed to have been made in 1 52 1 . There is a sketch of it in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. viii. 373. A. D. 1542. Northeast Coast of South America by Rotz. From his Bole of Idrography in the British Mu- seum. Kohl thinks from the names that Kotz de- rived more help from Portuguese than from Spanish sources. The two chief names along the coast are " Costc of Brazil " and " Coste of Caniballis. It extends from Trinidad to below Cape St. AugusUne. 374. A. D. iS95(?). Amazon and Orinoco. It shows the coast from the mouth of the Amazon to Panama, and the watersheds of the Amazon and Oinoco. The original MS. map was acquired by the British Museum in 184S, and kohl is inclined to believe it the identical map made when Ralegh was on the Orinoco, or a contcmpor.iry copy of his map. The original is on vellum, and Kohl thmks that the nvn^nrr of execution points to a d.ite earlier than 1600. The extent of the map correspond:, to the map which Ralegh tells us he made of the country, and the geographical features correspond with his narrative, including the " Lake o£ Manoa. 64 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 373. A. n. 1596. Orinoco. A Hinall sktul. .,f ihc coast from Vcncitucia to the mouth of the Aiiijuon. 376. A. n. 1O19. Ouiana from De Bry. Kohl's annotations arc erased. 377. A. I). i62-(.'). Orluooo by N. Vlwcher. Sketch of tlie Urinoo. valley, with adjacent coasts, antl part of Lacua I'aritue. — A. D. 1651. Northwest p.irts of South America, in Jannson's Altiis Mtiior, 11. 407. 378. A. D. 1C56. Ouiana by Sanson. From the "Carte dc la Guyanc ct Caribane, auir- mentee ct corrij^ce suivant Its dernicres Relations pur Sanson d'.Vbbcvillc, 1056." Kohl thinks .Sanson used drafts hroiiylu away Hy the French when thcv ett Cayenne in 1653. It shows in the interior a large " Lac ou Mcr, que les Caraibes appelent i'arnnc. Ihis draft remained the best one of the interior of Guiana till D'Anville's map in 1729. 379. A. D. 1669. Ouiana by Thelot. Made at Frankfort on the Main by T. P. Thelot attached to an account of Guiana, published in 1669! 1 he inai) '« called, "(uiiana sive Ama/onum rcL'i') " Ihc usual cMcnsive " I'arime Lacus," with its city ot Manoa, appears. 380. A. D. 1694. Surinam by Van Keulen. From the Zee-Atlas of Van Keulen. A. D. 1729. French Ouiana by D'Anville. 381. From an engraved ma]) based on reports of M. Milhan. It shows the country for about seven leagues around Cayenne. 382. A. D. 1729. French Guiana by D'Anville. From 16,35, when the French first had possession down to 1676, when their possession was assured and during later jieriods down to 1729, there were French surveys of the country, of which D'Anville had the use. Up to this date little was known of the inienor beyond what the Fathers Grillet and liechamel learned in explorations in 1674. 383. A. D. 1730. Venezuela by D'Anville. Depending on Spanish reports. The coast is still inaccurate. 384. A. D. 1741. Orinoco Valley by Oumilla. The map is called, " Mapa della Provincia y Mis- siones de la Compania de I. II. S. de Nuevo Revno dc Granada. I' rom an engraved inaj) accoin])anv- ing Gumilla's work on the Orinoco Country. Kohl thinks It hardly an improvement on the Ralcdi nrii) {ante, no. 374). It shows the " Laguna de Parima." 385. A. D. i75i(?). North Part of South Amer- ica by Brentano and La Torre. _ This m.ip, witiuHit d.ite, -vas made, in Kohl's opin- ion, not long after 1744, and is entitled, "Provincia Quitensis .Societatis Jesu in America cum tribus cadem finitimis, a PP. Carolo Brentano et Nicholas < le I.-1 lorre. Roma-." A legend at the point wl.ne llie Orinoco and Rio Negro (branch of Amazon) become conllueiit says that this connection wa.s dia- covered in 1744, by Father Knianuel Roman, Su- perior of the Orinoco missions. The Portuguese had found it out, however, the year before. The course of the Orinoco seems to be copied from Gumilla. "^ 386. A. D. 177 c. Sourcea of the Orlaooo by J. de la CruK Cano. A small imperfect sketch. 387. A. u. 1830. Masaaroony River by Elll- house. A branch of the Kssecpicbo river. An engraved S, iv. 08 ■^i""'""' '^ '''"' ^"^"^ G'osraphical Ho- 388. A. D. 1S32. Britiah Ouiana by Alexander. From an engraved map in the JottrmU of tin- K'oval Geo,^raph,cul Society, ii. (.832). The best map, be- fore Schomburgk reformed the geography of the country. o t> 1 / 389. A. D. 1834. Part of British Ouiana. An engraved map by Ilillhouse in the Journal of titc hoynl Oci>^'ni//iii:al Society, iv. (1S34). 390. 391, 392. a. n. 1836. British Ouiana by Schomburgk. Nos. 390 and 391 are eng-aved maps in the Jour- nal 0/ t/ie hoyal Geographical Society, vi. (l8-,6), and as improved in vii. (1837). These maps sliow the country from i» to 9° N. lat., and from 56' to Co° W. longitude. No. 392 gives with minuter detail and according to later explorations, the part between r,j 5 N. lat., and follows an engraved map in Jljid., XV. (1845). "^ XIV. SOUTHERN PARTS OF SOUTH AMER- ICA. •»* Cf. sections ii. and xii. 393. A. D. 1521. Straits of MageUan by Piga- fetta. From the engraved i.iap in Amoretti's edition of Pigafetta s narrative of Magellan's voyage, jjublished at Milan, 1800. There is a facsimile of' this map in I /^•''•. ;'/"/ ^''''- ^'''*- ^"t'^rica, vol. ii., and a sketch m'Idiil., vol. viii. . - u a — A. D. 1529. Ribero's mappemonde. See ante, no. 41. A sketch of Magellan's straits from it is given in the Mir. ami Crit. Hist. America, vol, viii. — A.D. 1531. Finoeus's mappemonde. The southern hemisphere IS reproduced in Wieser's Atai^allides-Strasse, n. 66 and in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. viii. — '^- n- 1533- The southern hemisphere of Schoner is figured in Wiesers Mai^alhdes-Strasse, and in the Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. viii. THE KOHL COLLFXTION OF EARLY MAPS. 65 Uvor by Hill- by Alexander. th Guiana by FTH AMER. 394 A u iSlf^' Patagonia and Magellan's StraiU by J. Fiblre. From a i.ortolano which was i 1 Santarcni's pos- «esJ..n whJn used by Kohl. \V ''" ^^^,^^^1 of l'uta«..ni.i and the straitH hav • . ''cn'-l/' "^^ rtccal.lc to Magcltan'.s voy.-.KC, Ko . ^ »ot ht. I any original source for the nanic» o. . :.c wc.i coa. . which runs north on the map to 27° ,■'• '•"• '^"' Ts n'istakcn in sunposing Magellan d.j.l ""tj""..;'.' the west coast before tiirnini' westward. I yh tta s ap shows that he did. >ohl V^-'^^^^^^^Z statement that Can.ar,^.., -n .540. ;;'f , .J'^;,-'"^ „','^ brinK to Europe certani news of he 1 aohc co.isi "ween the straits and ... and thinks that !• re re ^ay have had Caniargo . Lharts. There is a ske ch of this map in the M.<. and Crit. JM. Ameruu, vol. viii. — A, D.I 547- A sketch from the Nicolas Vallard miip is m the Nar. and Crit. JM. AmcrUa, vol. via. htc a>iU; ^^ ^ ^ ^^^^ no. 154- — A. 0.1578. Hondius's map illustrating Drake's voyage is re- produced in Kohl's Musculum geo- graphicum. See ante, no. 79. 397 A. D. 1599. Magellan's Straits by T. de Weert. F ./. De Dry's Greater fViv7,?vT, Part IX. (1602), shovin-, the results of De \Veert's survcvs of the sir , Kohl thinks that Hondius in his Athu (1607) worked from the same ma.. rial with more detail, as shown in his better delincatio.i of the great bend in the strait, which is here hardly noted. 398 A. D. 1600. Magellan's Straits by Hon- dius and Mercator. This accompanies the treatise on the straits in the Ilondius edition of Mercator, 1607, — which treatise, as it does not record the recent Dutch explorations, Kohl judges to have been written by Mercator him- self before 1594. and to have been used by Honduis to accompany a map, embodying tht: Diilc.i sur^xys of Mahn, Coraes, and De Weert in i5<}8-99. Just after this, in 1600, Kohl would place this map. Cf. the Ilondius map in Purchas, 111. p. 9<^. 399 A. I), ifioo. Southern Part of Boutb America by Olivier van Noort. A combination of tv.c m.ip» which appeared in the /?A'"' '■'"/«' Voorti^an):; van ,te vereemgiU .Ueder- landtuht Oost-lndische Comfagnu, 1640. \ m\ N ourt tracked these coasts ii .51,.! iCoo. 400. A. I). 1603. Patagonia by Van Noort. The southern part of no. 309. which Kohl dates in this case 1602. lie makes no comments on it. 401. A. u. 1602. Patagonia by Levinua Hul- sius. It cives an excessive breadth to the Patagonian re- cion. as was usual in maps of this time. In the in- terior a Patagonian giant is represented ruiming an arrow a yard and a itilf long down his throat to the bottom of his stomach. Magellan's Straits by Gpil- bergen. A rnap in Dc Brv, Part XI. (1619), purport mg to show the explorations of George Spilbergen ; but there is nothing in the accompanying tevt to explain its history. 403. A. D. 1619. Tierra del Fuego by Sobouten. Showinc lagellan's straits; Tierra del Fuego. which is made a%ingle large island, with . portion of its west coast unknown, and Lcmaire > channel separating it from " State landt," the western end of which is shown i as is also Schouten's track in round- ing Cape Horn. It follows the engraved imp in the Diarium vd descriptio . . . ilineris factt a Guilli- ehno Coruelio Schoteuw J/ornano. Amsterdami, 1619. The map is called, "Caartc van de nieuwe 1 assage . . . ontdcckt ... in den jarc 1616 door NVilleni Schouten van Iloorn." Schouten's own char s are kis says Y :.l ; but as ^Villem Jannson v.. ate the preface to the book, he probably made tU.s map rom Schouten's drafts. Schouten sailed under the patronage of some Dutch meichants, chief among whom was Isaac Lemaire, with t>'- P^H^F.-^^ ^l^- covering some other pas.5ag. to the Pacihc than Magellan's straits; and he ^as accompanied by Jacob, son of Isaac Lemaire, and a ter the latter they n.-imcd the newly found passage between State laiult and the main co.asi. , Cf the map on the title of the London edition of Schouten ( 1619), of which a facsimile is given in the ,,'ur. and Crit. llht. America, vol. viii. Kohl in h-s /l/,;C''A»«'j-.SVra.w gives the map from the Amster- dam \\ii\')) edition. 404. A.D. 1621. Patagonia by Nodal. Follows an engraved mnp in Montenegro's Re- lacior. del Viajc de los Nodules, Madrid, 1621. 405. A. D. 1621. The Same. A less perfect copy. This map is reproduced m Kohl's Magellan'' s-Sirasse. 406. A. D. 1624. Cape Horn by Walbeck. An engraved map in the Begin eude Voorfgangvan de Verecnigde Oost-lndische Compagme, 1640 (vol. u.). 66 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. ' 11, 407. A. D. 1630. La Terra del Fuogo by Dudley. One of the M.S. maps of Robert Dudley, preserved a Munich, on which his Arruno del Man', publi.shcd a F orence ,„ ,046 was bus,.!. Kohl assigns al o Dudley s maps to 1630. Ticrra del Kuego is made a completed island on the Schoutcn idea " Staien Jand IS a penmsula of a gr.at Aiitaictic continent. — A. D. 1644. The map in the Amsterdam ed. of Linschoten. — A. D. 1646. 1665^ ""^^ °^ ^''^""' '" ^^"'^'^ ^''"'^''^ (London, — A. D. 165I. ^^Straits of Magellan in Jannson's Atlas Minor, ii. 408. A. D. 1666. Magellauica by Jannson. From Jannson's A/',u, 1666. For Macellan's straits he followed mainly Nodal's reportf The ^tlyLvl\' Vr^'^'y '"'"'^S" '-^ like Schonten's' .Staten Lvlant" has the insular form for tjie first time, says Kohl, in a p -^ited map. 409. A. D. 1670. Magellan's Straits by Nar- borough. 5n ^rlA-^°!'" ^''"■^o''°"S'i "as sent out by Charles II. in 1O69 to renew explorations, which had been ne- glected for many years. Narborough's map, three feet ong. as drawn by himself on parchmen , is ,1 the British Museum. From this a reduction was engraved and published in London, and f rn his coST1','^'""'";^" "f ^''^fe-'l-''« straits cE" erne td ./r] by Capt. John Narborough, commander ot 11. M. Ship Sweepstakes made and sold by 1> Thornton "-Kohl makes the present draft, which he thinks was largely based on early Dutch smveys! 410. A. D. 1670. Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego by Narborough. This map seems also mainly derived from Dutch i24 "'{' ^/""^■T'i' ■" "" ■^"''^'' '""^ ^^"^'^ by i>tr John Aarboroiigh, Lo'xlon, 169a. 411. A. n. i7oc(.>). Coast South of Buenos Ayres. The date 1700 is given by Kohl in the title, but it seems to be an error, as in his notes he savs the map, which IS a MS one preserved in the IJritish Museuiii grew out of the explorations of fiian de la I'iedra and of Antonio and trancisco Vi' Ima in i-^S and 1779. under instructions from Si n to forn'i settle- ments on the east coast of 1',^ agonia. 1 he mai) also shows the inland explorations of IJrazilio Vil- larino in 1782, who was sent out bv Viedma. Routes ot other explorers are also indicated. 412. A. D. 1714. Magellan's Straits and Tierra del Puego by Prezier. T ''^'\l^,"r"^ "' ^'^'^ '^•''I'* explained by Frczier to I.OUIS XIV., when he r-jturned. in 171,1, from t'le voyage of exploration on which that monarch had sent him in 1712. Cape Horn is laid down in ss°4';'. The west coast of Tierra del Fuego trends "nearly east and west. The eastern parts of the Falkland ItTn'^f/'"'' •'''°'''"' '^'"' '"^"^s "f v<=s«els from St. W iJeTdL^c^lred^'^' ''' ^^"°'" "^^^ - ^-^ '^ 413. A. D.I 71 7. The Same. h Jnl! '^ an "iconipletc sketch dated differently, and Has no annotations. ■' 414. A. D. 1748. The Country South of the Rio Plata by Cardiel. An oblong, incomplete sketcn, without comment. — A. D. 1766. . Bougainville's map of the straits, of which a fac- voT. viii^ ^""'" "' "'" ^'''''- '""^ ^''^- "''^- ^>"'rica, 415. A. D. 1775. Southern Part of Soi Ji America. From an English map, based on the Atlas of Juan n,-L Tl "r" y. V''"''*'''"^^' I"'W>"''1'<^f recent e.v- mriial of the nd. rrap/iical So- SON. rr ///(-, no. 26. :r wiiich he anticipated :. lie con- iland which divides the Amazon proper from the Para river, and JoYds that the names along the coast are the results of the voyages of Pinzon and Lepe. ■423. A. D. 1525. Bra.-1 by Lorenz Friesa. From the Carta Marina (Atlas) of Lorenz Friess, Kiiv >rl in I c^o but it represents rather the con- S tb oV knowl'edge of this 'part of the South Ameri- cin coast after the Poriuguese evnlorat.ons of 150-3. The country is called, " Prisilia siyc terra papagalh. Another German) inscription reads, " In this country, men when they die, are cut up, smoked roasted and ^aten'' Another says, "They have sailed all a o,ig ths coast, but no one has penetrated into the country. It is Sketched in the Nar. and Crit. Ihst. Amerua, vol. viii. 424. A. D. 1542. Coast of Brazil by Rotz. A sketch without comment. It is from the Idr(H graphy. See ante, no. 55. Era,.li is made an island. — A. D.I 578. Brazil in the Atlas of Johannes Martines, in the British Museum. See ante, no. 7 5. A sketch ot the map of Brazil is given in the Nar. and tril. Hist America, vol. viii. 432. A. D.I 599. South America by Levinua HulsiuB. An engraved map published at Nuremberg, and called "Novaetexacla Dclineatio America; partis Australis, que est Brasilia," etc. Kohl says that the Orinoco is for che first time drasyn inland. It is represented as a broad stream, with a mouth filled wi\h many islands. The usual " Panme Lacus connects with the Atlant c by the Caiane and Waia- pago rivers. A large "lacus Lupuna" connects north with the Amazon, east with the ocean, and south (apparently) with the La Plata "ver. See facsimile in Nar. and Crit. Hist. America, vol. viu. 425. A. D. 1546. Brazil by J. Freire. It shows the coast from the mouth of the Amazon to La Plata. Copied from a MS. portolano then in the possession of Santarcm. It gives latitude with- out longitude, and K"l.l calls it the earliest good "mvey by asti'onomical helps. La Plata rises ,n a lake whi^ch Kohl believes the same discovered by Cabe9a de Vaca, a.id for the first time laid down in this map. 426. A. D. IS47- Brazil by Nic. Vallard. From a MS. atlas. See ante, no. i s 1 It re- 427. A. 0.1556. Brazil. From Ramusio, Via<;gi, vol. iii. (i556)- Jhe map appears to be of French origin. There is a facsimile in Paul Gaffarel's Brlsil Franfais, p. 61. 428. i . V. 1558. Brazil by Diego Homem. From the MS. atlas in the British Museum. See ante, no. 67. It covers the same extent as no. 425, but the coast is more minutely ."-wn, and be- sprinkled with names, quite unlike those of freire. The degrees of latitude are marked, but not num- bered. 429 A D i^i^S. The Amazon and the North- ern Coast by Diego Homem. From the same atlas as no. 428. That part of the ocean which receives the flow of the Amazon is called "Mare aqiie dulcis." The river itself is called " Rio de S. Juan de las Amazoiuis. 1 he names given by Orellana are scattered along its course. The name "Oniaga" (Omaj^ua) is said by Kohl to be here seen for the first tnne on a map. There is a sketch of this map in the Aar. and Crit. Hist. America, viii. 430. A. D. 1558. The Same. A less perfect sketch. 431. A. D. 1561. Brazil by Ruscelli. Added by Ruscelli 5c the ed. of Ptolemy, pul> lished 1 561, and thought co be made upon the dratt published by Ramu.Vio, 1556; bui Kiiscclh ndo; line?. ot longitude and latitude, which Ramusio did not give. Kohl thinks it the earliest map of Brazil on which longitudes are marked. They are nearly right — by a chance. — A. D. 1651. Brazil, in Jannson's Atlas Minor, ii. 417. sembles Ramusio's, no. 427. '"''^• 433. A. D. 1656. The Amazon by Sanson. A publishoJ ma:;, " Le Peru et le Cours de la Riviere Amazon, I'aris, 1656." It was made m iar-e part after the reports of Father d'Acunha.who a'c'^inpanied Pedro Texeira in .638 on his trip up the Amazon, therce to (^uuo and return An ac- count of the journey was published m Madrid lit 640, but without a map. Ti,s "^P- fj^,f ••r^^^j'y Sanson, on that account continued to be the best, down to the map of Father Fritz in 1717- 434. A. D. 1695. Brazil by CoronelU. A small ske ch, without comment. 435. A. D. 1700. (?) The Amazon by Friti<,. After a MS. map in the Depot de la Marine at Pads; without date or author, called ' Rio de Ma- .a'li^n o de Amazonas." Kohl thinks it either a copy of Father Fritz's map, as he maue it, or as it w-s en<^raved in Quito in 1707. The names agree V ththSse in Fritz's report. It does not give the upper course of the Ucayale, which is given in no. Slt^st), but it gives details generally wita greater fulness. 436. A. D. 1703. The Amazon by Delisle. It is called, " Carte du Pays des Amazones, par De I'Isle, d'apr^s Ilerrera, Laet, Acuna, Rodriguez, etc., 1703." It is incorrect in many important par- ticulars. 437. A. D. 1703. Brazil by Delisle. Called, " Carte du Bresil d'apres Herrera, Laet, -^cuna, Rodriguez et sur plusicurs relations, 1703. Kdd considers Sanson's map of 1656 far more ac- curate. 438. A. D. 1707. The Amazon by Fritz. The German Jesuit missionary, Ff her Samuel Frli. wns familiar with the river after 1686, and ' during his journeys he used rude instruments w male observations of laliUide, but If had none to determine longitude, though lines of longi ude a e given in his map. This map was engraved in Quito If I 68 THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. in 1707 and is the earliest map based on any astro- nomical observations. A reduced copy of it was in 1717. published in the /..//m- ^,/^lL., b^ w as Ib^rr? ^'"'u' ''y ^'r"^> ■q^o'-ts, ^Wiich were never mbl shed. It remained the best maji till that of Condannnc (1744) was published. The present ?vob Si "TVi-l "''^"''""" "^ """ ■^''^"''' ^'''M»tcs 439. A. D. 1744. The Amazon by Condamine. Condamine was on the river in 1741 and 1744 and he wa.s provided with better instruments than^Fru possessed so that he placed points on the river as- tronomically with more accuracy. Kohl bv a dotted sui'viyty Frul"'' '""' '^'''^''' ^'^ con.paVison, the 440. A. D. 1749. The River Madeira from Sou- they's Papers. h J'l?7 ■'' ^V'!' ","'? '" ""^ ^^''''^'^ Museum, which had belonged to Robert Southey, when he was writ- ing his //«/. of/M,z//. It is a Portuguese map and seems to have been made by a trader from Para. 441. A. D. 1751. The Amazon. A corrected sketch without comment. 442. A. D. 1769. The Amazon by Father Amich. 447. A. D. 1547. La Plata by Nic. Vallard. Jn k"'^'"'' f,°"'^ '°, '^'•■•e^""'"'-^ «faits. From the el-known atlas m the Sir Thomas Phillipp's Col- ec ton, marked, « Dicu pour espoir. Nico as Va - •aid do Dieppe, 1547." It has been questioned if his was not the name of the owner, ra her than of he maker of the atlas, but Kohl says the wr i'g is the same as the inscriptions contained on the Infps! ctutS ?! ^T'""""'}^ '"^'■''«'' '^"' the degrees of latitude, though traced, are not numbered. The IVrn,hT '"°'nl^ ^'ortugucse, but with an occasional lut'^^ot named."" ""'' "' ""'' "^" J^^"^° '« ''"- 448. A. D. 1547. The Same. An imperfect sketch, without annotation. 449. A. D. 1597. La Plata by Wytfliet. A corrected sketch, without annotation. 450. A. D. 1598. Mouth of the La Plata. A Dutch map, which accompanied an account of ac;:SL^e.:rk;i^"-'^^"'^^«^'^^'-^->' AmiH'^^ J British Museum. Kohl thinks' t'hat Amich s advances in the cartography of this region were not well known for some Time after 1769. 443. A. D. 1790. The Huallaga and Ucayali Rivers by Sobreviela. Snbriv,Vi''"'''P"'"'*'^ by Father Francisco Manuel bobreyiela in 1790, as corrected by Amadeo Chau- nie e m 1S30, and published that year at Lima. 444. A. D. 1S14. The Rivers Ucayale and Hual- laga by Father Carballo. Fathei Paule Monso Carballo belonged to the J ranciscan convent of Ocopa in Peru, lie used th^ M.S. maps 111 the archives of his convent which had j been dqiositec from time to time by the mission- ' aues whom It had sent out, 445. A. D. 1825. The Amazon. A MS. drfa s;eo.i:mphica das Prmincias do Grao Para e K,o Acgro, Para, 1825. 446. A. D. 1852. The Negro and Naupes bv A. R. ■Wallace. th J',!!'\'"'''''' "^^'^^ ''y '^^'■'"''"^'^ f™'^ observations on the rner in 1850-52, was published in the Royal Geographical Society s Journal, xxiii. "^ XVI. LA PLATA. *»* Cf. sections xii. and xiv. — A. D. 1515. Wieser thinks that the map in Kunstmann (pi. iv.) Ks^a^Portuguese copy of a map made by yoli.'of this 451. A. D. 160G. La Plata. A Spanish map published by Jodocus Ilondius in riis Atlas m " '307. 452. A. D. 1630-35. Parana and Uruguav Rivers. . The earliest map constructed b" the Jesuit mis- sionaries, and published byElaeu in \\^^ Atlas. It shows the stations which were destroyed and those which were spared in the raids of the slave huntcis ot St. I'aulo, 1630-35. — A. n. 1651. La Plata in Jannson's Minor Atlas, ii. 421. 453. A.n. 1733. La Plata by D'Anville. It shows^both coasts of Sou.h America between If) and 37 S. lat., and represents the continent as much narrower than on earlier maps. 454. A. D. 1733. The Same. Without annotation. 455. A. D. 1826. Rio Vermejo by Soria. A branch of the La Plata. This map was made from memory after Francia. the dictator of Par.i- piay, had seized the papers of Dr. Pablo Sorin, who had conducted the cxjiloration for a company in Piienos Ayrcs. The present copy follows a draft made for the Geographical Society of Paris Cf Sir Woodbine Parish's Buenos Ayr'es, London, 1839 XVIL PERU AND CHILL *»* Cf. sections ii , xii., and xiii. 456. A, n. i532(?). Peru. It extends 10° north and south of the equator. It IS French in language, but Kohl conjectures that it follows early Spanish majis sent home by Pizarro. THE KOHL COLLECTION OF EARLY MAPS. 69 ic. Vallard. raits. From the < l*hilli])p's Col- r. Nicolas Val- -n questioned if ■, rather than of ■s the writing is id on the maps, but the degrees umbered. The :h an occasional uieiro is drawn tation. irtfliet. tion. 1 Plata. an account of by the Dutch is Ilondius in Uruguay le Jesuit mis- liis Af/iis. It ed and those slave hunteis I. 421. iville. rica between continent as ioria. p was made tor of I'ar.v :> .Sorin, who company in ows a draft Paris. Cf. ondon, 1839. quator. It ires that it ljy I'i;!arro. It was in Tomard's possession when Kohl made his coDV The battle of Ca.\amalca is sketched in the southern part of the map, and Kohl believes the original draft of the map may have been sent to Spain shortly after that event. 457. A.D. i532(?). The Same. An imperfect sketch, without annotation. 458. A. D. 1597- Peru by Wytfliet. An imperfect sketch, without annotation. 459. A. D. 1601. Peru by Herrera. Follows an engraved map in Ilerrera's Descripcion de las Indias, Madrid, 1601. 460 A. D. 1630. Chill, Patagonia, and Magel- lan's Straits. After a map in the Depot de la Marine in Paris, made by the Father Procurator of the Jesuits in Ciiili, who acknowledges his indebtedness to De Laet, Herrera, and De liry. Kohl engraves it in his Magellan' s-Strasse. 461. A. D. 1 63 1. Peru by Jannson. This map is a published one, drawn probably eclecttcally from Herrera and other serviceable sources, and also possibly from Dutch reports. The latitudes are fairly accurate, but longitudes are not attempted. 462. A. D. 1646. Chili by Ovalle. It includes Pata-^onia and the straits of M.igcll.an; and follows Sanson's reproduction (1656) of the map of the Jesuit Ovalle, engraved in Rome in 1646. It resembles no. 460, but is richer in names, and is otherwise an advance upon that draft. — A. D. 1651. Peru in Jannson's Atlas Minor, ii. 411. 463. A. 11. i7oo(.'). New Spain and Peru. From a Cndsiinf Voyage round the World by Capt. Woodes A'oi^ers, London,"i7i2. where it was engraved by J. Senex. The book gives no hint of the origin of the map, other than that this and the following no. 464 were captured by Capt. Rogers in the South Seas. 464. A. u. i700(?). ChiU. From the same work as no. 463, but it is not so accurate a map for the time. 465. A. D. 1703. Chili by Delisle. Not a very accurate representation o£ the best knowledge ot its time, — as Kohl thinks. 466. A. D. 17 1 2. Peru. This map is from the same sources as nos. 463 and 464, and comes between them, in making a con- tinuous coast line. Kohl gives it the date of Rogers book, 1712, v.'hile he dates the others about 1700. 467. A. D. 17 13. Los Moxos. A Jesuit map of the province showing mission stations. A retluction of it is given in the Leiires Edijiantes, vol. viii. (1781) P- 337* 468. A. D. 1713. The Same. Without annotations. 469. A.D. i767(?). The River Marmore. An undated MS. map of the liishopric of Santa Cruz de la Sierra in Peru, preserved in the British Museum. It resembles no. 467. 470. A.D. 1 78 1. The Moxos Country. A small sketch of the mission-sites in Moxos. 471. A. D. 1 783. The Missions of Ocopa. One of the earliest maps made by the missionaries of Ocopa. It is preserved in the British Museum. 472. A.D. 1796. Peru by A. Baleato. A MS. map attached to an official report (pre- served in the lUitish Museum) rendered on a change of Viceroys in Peru in 1796. 473. A. D. 1835. Excursiona about Cusco. Maps of journeys made by Gcnenil Miller, en- graved in the Royal Geographical Society's journal, vol. vi. (1836). 474. A. D. 1S36. The Same. Cancelled. '"iNAL NOTK [Aug. II, 1886). In adding titles of maps to the enumeration of Dr. Kohl, no attempt has beer, made to give (.11 maps, not mentioned by Kohl. During the progress of this " Contribution," there has appeared in the Report of tJ . Sutcrintendent of the U. S. Coast Su>-7'ey, ending June, 1884 (Washington, 1885), as Appendix no. 19 (pp. 49S-6i7). a History of Disc(r,^" histonca, connection." The ^ape^ k^o^h^hirst^^^^^^^^ II., the Gulf of Mexico ; III., the Pacific coast " ' Atlantic coast ; mcreaaing k„„„l=dga, .poke dUparagingly „/,he JS hHw f„h;, .t" ' ""■ '" '"= "^'" °' "' ■ of maps show- capes, harbors, iveries. 1 was asked to ;ompletion, the ion as a whole tion. To each riginals, others in the chain of i^tlantic coast ; d have shown in large part ication of the to the student, e light of his I il