^, IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) i// <, ^ >. 5?5^ ks r/. 1.0 I.I US ■■■ S 1*0 |25 ■ 22 m 1-25 III U III 1.6 < 6" ► Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREiT WEBSTEt.N.Y. 14SS0 (716)87^-4503 iV ^^ 4 •S! ^X V '^ lo ^ ,-*« .^.^ z ^ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICMH Collection de microfiches. t Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notoa/Notaa tachniquaa at bibliographiquaa Tha Inatituta haa atta^nptad to obtain tha baat original copy avaiiabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographieally uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction. or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. □ Colourad covara/ Couvarturo da coulaur r~n Covara damagad/ D D D D D D Couvartura andommagia Covara raatorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura raatauria at/ou palliculAa □ Covar titia miaaing/ La titra da couvartura manqua Colourad mapa/ Cartaa gAographiquaa an coulaur Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) rn Colourad plataa and/or illuatrationa/ Planchaa at/ou illuatrationa ft coulaur Bound with othar matarial/ RalM avac d'autraa documanta Tight binding may cauaa shadowa or diatortion along intarior margin/ Laroliura sarria paut cauaar da I'ombra ou da la diatoralon la long da la marga int6ri«ura Blank laavaa addad during raatoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar poaaibla. thasa hava baan omittad from filming/ II aa paut qua cartainaa pagaa blanchaa ajout^aa iora d'una raatauratlon apparaiaaant dana la taxta, mala, loraqua cala itait poaaibla, caa pagaa n'ont paa «t4 filmAaa. Additional commanta:/ Commantairaa supplAmantairaa; Tha to til L'Inatltut a microfilmi la maillaur axamplaira qu'il lui a *ti possibia da sa procurer. Laa ditaiis da cat axamplaira qui sont paut-Atra uniquas du point da vua bibliographiqua. qui pauvant modifiar una imaga raproduita. ou qui pauvant axigar una modification dana la m^thoda normala da filmaga sont indiquia ci-daaaoua. □ Colourad pagaa/ Pagaa da coulaur Pagaa damagad/ I I Pagaa n andommag^aa □ Pagas raatorad and/or laminatad/ Pagaa raataurAaa at/ou pailiculAas Pagaa diacolourad. stainad or foxad/ Pagaa dAcolorAas. tachatias ou piquies □ Pagaa datachad/ Pagaa dAtachias 0Showthrough/ Tranaparanca □ Quality of print variaa/ Qualiti InAgala da I'impraasion □ Includaa supplamantary matarial/ Comprand du matirial suppMmantaira □ Only adition avaiiabia/ Saula Mition disponibia Tha poai oftt film Orig bagi tha aion oths first sion or 11 Tha ahal TINI whit Map diffi antl bag right raqu mati Pagaa wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissuaa. etc., have been refilmed to enaura tha beat possible image/ Lee pagae totalament ou partiellement obacurciae par un fauillet d'errata. una pelure, etc., ont At* fiimies i nouveau da fapon i obtanir la mailleure imaga possibia. This item Is filmed at tha reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux da reduction indiqu* ci-deeaous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X y tax 1IX aox 24X 28X 32X The copy film«d h«ra hat bean raproducad thsnka to tha ganaroaity of: National Library of Canada L'axamplaira filmA fut raprodult grica h la gAnAroait* da: BibliothAqua nationala du Canada Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality poaaibia conaidaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in Icaaping with tha filming contract apacificationa. Laa imagaa aulvantaa ont 6tA raproduitaa avac la plua grand aoin, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattatA da l'axamplaira film*, at an conformity avac laa conditiona du contrat da filmaga. Original copiaa In printad papar covara ara fllmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or llluatratad impraa- aion, or tha back covar whan approprlata. All othar original copiaa ara fllmad baginning on tha f irat paga with a printad or llluatratad Impraa- aion, and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or llluatratad impraaaion. Tha laat racordad frama on aach microficha ahali contain tha aymbol ^^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha aymbol Y (moaning "END"), whichavar appilaa. Laa axamplairaa originaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat Imprimte aont filmte an comman9ant par la pramlar plat at an tarminant aoit par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'Impraaaion ou d'llluatratlon, aoit par la sacond plat, aalon la cat. Toua ]aa autraa axamplairaa originaux aont filmte an commanpant par la pramlira paga qui comporta una amprainta d'Impraaaion ou d'llluatration at an tarminant par la darnlAra paga qul^ comporta una talla amprainta. Un daa aymboiaa aulvanta apparaftra aur la darniAra imaga da chaqua microficha, aalon la caa: la aymbola — »* algnlf la "A SUIVRE". la aymbola ▼ algnlfia "FIN". Mapa, piataa, charta, ate, may ba fllmad at diffarant raduction ratloa. Thoaa too larga to ba antlraly includad In ona axpoaura ara fllmad baginning in tha uppar iaft hand cornar, laft to right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrama llluatrata tha mathod: Laa cartaa, planchaa, tablaaux, ate., pauvant Atra fllmte A daa taux da reduction diff Aranta. Loraqua la documant aat trop grand pour Atra raprodult an un aaul cllchA, 11 aat f ilm6 A partir da I'angla aupAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A drolta, at da haut an baa, an pranant la nombra d'Imagaa nAcaaaaira. Laa diagrammaa auivanta iliuatrant la mAthoda. 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 CHIP THE 7T'i C THE CI MIS "7th ycnrs < to the ncrnsi < Prciild usual THE REPORl INrEf THE R] HALF-BREED SCRIP. CHIPPEWAS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. THE CORRESPONDENCE AND ACTION UNDER THE /T" CLAUSE OF THE 2'^ ARTICLE OF THE TREATY WITH THE CHIPPEWA INDIAJ^S OF LAKE SUPERIOR AND THE MISSISSIPPI, CONCLUDED AT LA POINTE, IN THE STATE OF WISCONSIN, SEPTEMBER 30, 1854, WHICH CLAUSE IS AS FOLLOWS, VIZ : "7th. Eacb head of a family or single person over twenty-one ycnrii of age at the present time, of tbe mixcd-blooda, belonginK to tbe Cblppewas of liakc Superior, sball be entitled to elKbty ncri's of land, to be selected by them under the direction of the PrcNident, and which shall be secured to them by patent in the usual form ; " INCLUDING THE REPORT OF THE COMMISSION APPOINTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR, APRIL 21, 1871, COMPOSED OF HENRY S. NEAL, SELDEN N. CLARK, EDWARD P. SMITH, AND R. F. CROWELL; 'i-i^J'.'^k ":,■'■'-■•■ ^.. if ' ■■■'}-l^''''i:''yiSU'n.':'.^r ■ AMD THE REPORT OF THE COMMISSION APPOINTED JULY 15, 1872, COMPOSED OF THOMAS C. JONES, P^DWARD P. SMITH, AND DANA E. KING. WASHINGTON: OOYEBNMENT FEINTING OFFICE. 1874. . ./ ■ ' ' i ■ • ■ '..■■^.^|:-Vv.>v-,uii;;- ' i "f' " . . - ■ "^ ■ w* J^tu] />.,«.*„,, ..".-i.' !i;«? ^M *'«:■ 5 .,:i.*' Hl^ c^- M. ^<«' cn LETTEU F ke.solut: ISSl'AXCE I.\G TO ' FERRED BE i'KIXT Sir: I li House reso Utsolml, Til Houst) tlic foil or mixed-bloc tliiiise of tlie Indians of I/a First. Tho ii parties to who ffccoiid. Tho ivlioseapiilifai Tliinl. Tlio 1 the (liitt! of sai Eoiirtli. A ( parties to wlu trilie, and all ani! loeatioii o; Fifth. A cop persons author Mid lialf-hrei'd •late of their h I Wiiefits of sail Sixth. The n and to siibir I inclose { (lilted Marcl I partmeut rel I of the treatj Also a rep i"*taiit, inch ealled for by ^\ •♦fi. [House Ex. Doc. 193, 42»1 Congress, 2tl session.] CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. li:tteu from the secretary of the interior, in answer to a kesolution of the house of december 20, 1871, relative to the issuance of scrip to the half-breeds or mixed-bloods belong. ixg to the chippewas of lake superior. march 15, 1872. re- ferred to the committee on indian affairs and ordered to BE riJINTED. Department of the Interior, WmhingtoH, D. C, March 12, 1872. ' Sir : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of the following Hou.se re.solntiou, dated December 20, 1871 : l'e$oht(l, That tlio Secretary of the Interior be requested to communicate to this Hoiiso tlie toUowiug information in relation to tlie issuance of scrip to tlie lialf-brieds or mixed-bloods belonging to the Cliippewas of Lake Superior, under the seventh (liuise of the secoiul article of the treaty of September 30, 1854, with the Chippewa Indians (if l^ake Superior and the Mississippi, viz : Fiist, The number of pieces of scrip of eighty acres each, and the names of the [larties to whom issued. Si'cniul. The number and names of applicants to whom no scrip has been issued, whose applications are now on tile. Tliiid. The population of the Chippewas of Lake Superior, and where located at the (late of said treaty. Fniirtli. A copy of said scrip, tlie manner of locating the same, whether by tlm parties to whom it was issued or by otliers, whether located npon lands ceded by said Irilie, and all decisions of the Department of the Interior in relation to the issuance am! loeation of said scrip. Fifth. A copy of all reports to the Indian Otftco or Department of the Interior of pirsons authorized to investigate any matters relating to the apitlications for scrip of said halflu'eeds or mixed-bloods, where said balf-breeds or mixed-bloods resided at the (late of their said applications, and whether parties other than those entitled to the benefits of said treaty have received scrip ; and, Sistii. The number of acres of land for which said scrip has been issued — and to submit the following report : I inclose a copy of a letter from the Commissioner of Indian Afiairs, ilated March 8, 1872, giving a detailed history of the action of the De- partiueiit relative to the siibject-niatter of your resolution, from the date ot the treaty of September 30, 1854, down to the present time. Also a report from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, nnder date Oth iistaiit, inclosing copies of statements, lists, reports, and documents 1 tallwl for by your resolution. . ••i;'*^^.^^'.: riff t< A 1..- •-■, V \ ', ' \'' »."'*'4' . ■? v .■■■. i-.i ■ T-. " ■■■■? • .^ i Vi. (Ml .-. • . , .■' • i 4,''.'< '"'■''■•-''. ' i. -1. ■.'■ ' ■ ' . ■ ' ■»"*■%. r ., .Ni:■;s,'^A■'%E■,^. • : l,"4-' -*.■*', .•'".* _• .*!'■ "; ' ~M v.;>. .'■».'.■■•■; "^.x-i- 'lit.'*.'; -i: „• •».•..' •il ■ ■-■,'- .•.■*^ ■ '■ •- ' • • . " ■ .1 -J ■* . ^ 'I V -■^•; ■•'■^■■■>v -I'J'^.^'''-- : \ .'-v'l'^f-'- ■':■•:'. A hm IVrtu , 4 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. « Tlu' subject of the issue of the land-scrip, under the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty of 3()th September, 1854, with the Chip. ]iewa8 of Lake Superior and the MissisHippi, was being investiji;aui(l nt the time of the passaj'e of your resolution, by a commission coiisistiii;' of Hon. Henry S. Neal, of Ohio ; R. F. Crowell, of Miniu»sota ; aud ]\I>i jor E. P. Smith, Indian agent for the Ohippewas of Lake Snporioi. The report of a majority of that commission, and a statenu>nt of Mr, Crowell, non concurring with the rejjort, are herewith submitted. Very respectfully, vour obedient servant, '■''■■ C. DELANO, ■ I ■ ■ • ' iSaretary. Hon. Jas. G. Blaine, .. itlpeaker Houne of Representatives. ' ii '" ' ' .^ '• Department op the Interior, ';' . ' ' : ' ' ' Office of Indian Affairs, ' Washington, D. C, March 8, 187:!. Sir : Eeferriug to Department letter of the 27th November ultimo, iu(-1osiug a communication from the Commissioner of the General Land- Olttce, having relation to frauds connected with the issuance of Chip- pewa half-breed scrip, I have tiie honor to submit the following report npon the subject, reciting for yimr information a complete history of all important ofticial action had relative thereto, together with the views ot this Oflice as to the, most proper method of disposing of the entire matter. Uniler date of September 30, 1854, a treaty was concluded at k Pointe, in the State of "Wisconsin, between commissioners on the part of the United States and the Chippewa Indians of Lake Superior aud the Mississippi, represented by their chiefs aud head-men, by the toruifi of the seventh clause y.*' the second article of which it was providt'd lUat --',.■,!,■ nil' ; ' 'Hi I I :"'■ ' SMl I, ^ . 1 ' ' i I • ; f ', . ' ' , ( ! Each head of a family or sinjjle person over twenty-one years of age at the present time, of the mixed-bloods, belonginj? to the Chijtpewas of Lake Superior, shall be enti- tled to eighty acres of land, to be selected by them, under the direction of the Presi- dent, and which shall be secured to them by patent in the usual form. In a letter to this Office, dated May 4, 1855, H. C. Gilbert, esq., theu United States agent for these Indians, inclosed a copy of a conniiuuica tion received by him from certain Chippewa half-breeds, claimauts to lands under the article and clause of the treaty aforesaid. In response thereto, this Oflice, on the 25th of the same mouth, ad- . dressed a letter to Agent Gilbert, instructing him to report the number of persons entitled to claim laud under the provision of said treaty just recited. These instructions w ere repeated in Office-letter of June 5, 1855. June 9, 1855, Agent Gilbert responded, asking instructions as totbe correct construction to be placed upou said seventh clause of the treaty, to guide him in preparing the required list. June 15, 1855, this Office replied that the following classes of persous were entitled : '• Each head of a family or single person over tweuty oue years of age — females over twenty-one being single persons, as well as widows heads of families ;" aud, further, that the term " mixed bloods' had been construed to include all persous identified as having a uiixtme of Indian and white blood. November 21, 1855, Agent Gilbert transmitted the required list, witli the statement that it had beeu " prepared with much care, and contaius i •'"'•'« CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 5 DO nnriios bnt such ns, in my jiidp;ment, are clenrly entitled to the benefit of tli*i provision referred to. Some have, doubtU^ss, not yet reported' tbemsplves; bnt the list cannot be very materially increased." This list cdiitniiis two hundred and seventy-eight names. On tlie 17th of February, 18i)<), Agent Gilbert, who was then in Wash- in;'toii, in acknowledging the receipt of a copy of Oflice report to the then Secretary of the Interior, on the 9th of same month, having refer- (lu't' to the subject of selecitions under the treaty of 1854, suggested to tlieOnif'c the propriety of issuing epart- ineiit on the 10th February, 1850, with the recommendation that the views of the agent be concurred in, and the proposed form of certificate iipproved. On the following day the subject was referred by the Department to tlie Commissioner of the General Land-Offlce for his views and opinion. lion. T. A. Hendricks, then Commissioner of the General Land-Ortice, u'tunied the papers on the 23d of February, with a statement of his objections to the issue of certificates or scrip in any form, as not provide«l for in the treaty nor anthorized by any law, and expressed the belief tlwt the plan, if adopted even temporarily, would be fraught with many evil results. In his opinion the treaty contemplated ownership and pos- session by the Indians personally, and was designed to guard against any transfer of his rights before the issuing of the patent. It was added that, in any event, the patent should issue to the reservees themselves, and not to assignees. On the 3d of March, 1856, this communication, together with the letter of Agent Gilbert, was transmitted to this Office, the following words be- ing indorsed on the wrapper: " Sec'y remarks, 'Let mem's be given In's ns proposed, but with clause exi)re8sly and decidedly vs. any transfer, mortgage, &c. Patent be issued to the Indiana, not in any wise to iuiue to the benefit of any one but the Ind. and his heirs." This Office, in a report to the Department under date of March 12, 1850, again recommended the issuance of scrip as the most practicable method of disposing 6f the half-breed claims, using therein the follow- iuj,' language : Iti» siini»ly inipossiblo for tbc80 locations to be inarle by the Indian agent; the partios aro ncattjinid over a wide extent of country, and their locations, instead of briiijj;coiiliiied to tlio leservations Hpecilied in tlio treaty, as tlio Coinmissiouer [of the Giiii'ial Laud-Ortlce] Hecnis to suppose, cannot bo made within them .at all, but will miiloubtt'dly l)o spread over a part of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota, thus malt- ing it impracticable for tlio agent to malve tlie selections. In this letter was inclosed a form of certificate, to be issued by the agent to I lie half-breeds entitled to land, should the same be approved by the Department. The Secretary of tlie Interior approved the views of this Office, and the form of the scrip proposed to be issued having also heen subsequently approved by him, Agent Gilbert was directetl to issue the same to the parties entitled thereto, Question having subsequently been made as to the persons legally entitled to the benefits of the treaty, this Oiifice, in a report to the De- partment, dated, July 8, 1856, construed the treaty to mean only such "mixed-bloods of Chippewasof Lake Snperior as resided among or contiguous to the various bands of those Indians, as distinguished from the Chippewas of Michigan and the Chippewas of the Mississippi." To this report the Hon. R. B. McClelland, then Secretary of the Interior, '. *.'■' • 6 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. roplitMl July 10, 1850, that the Department sliould be a8 liberal in cirrv- ing into cttt'ct the stipnlations of the second article of the treaty of 18,14 as tlie terms thereof wouhl admit ; that the Indian Bureau understood ^\'hat was intended, and that intention should be fully carried out with. out any regard for mere technicalities. Thus the Secretary made no definite decision, but left the matter practically discretionary with this Ortice, and the a|iplications of all parties who did not come within the construction above recited were rejected. November 29, 1850, this Ottice addressed a communication to Agent Gilbert, directing him to forward without delay a list of the nauiesof mixed-bloods to whom be had issued certittcates, with the several dates of such issues. December 10, 1850, Agent Gilbert acknowledged the receipt of this letter, and forwarded a list containing the names of all persons to whom certificates had been issued prior to the 1st of that month. Of tiiese there were two hundred and forty-six to whom certificates had heeii issued under date of May 10, 1850, the numbers corresponding, the ageut remarks, " with those on the list of persons entitled, heretofore trans- mitted to the Indian Office at Washington," referring unquestionably to the list of two hundred and seventy-eight persous transmitted by him under date of November 21, 1855. The list also contains the names of twenty-eight persons numbered from 279 to 300 inclusive, to whom the agent states that certificiites were issued during the annuity payment of 1850, being persous who had an undoubted right to land under the provisions of the treaty, the several dates of the certificates being between September 8 and Septem- ber 10, 1850. This list was sent to the General Land-Office December 17, 1850. To the number on this list the agent desired that the names ef Louison Demarais's childreu (being six persons) should be added, which would, in his opinion, complete the number entitled to land under the treaty. He th^ adds that there are several persons on the list to whom he had not issued certificates, because he had not seen them and did not know their address. Afterward, under date of September 3, 1857, Hon. H. M. Rice, in a communication to this Office, presented the claims of Elizabeth and Theodore Borup, and Sophia Champliu, for land ufider the provisions of the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty aforesaid, which com- munication was transmitted to the then Acting Secretary of the luterior, with a report dated July 20, 1858, in which the construction placed by this Office upon the clause of the treaty aforesaid in office-report of July 8, 1850, and the response of the Secretary, McClelland, thereto, (as here- inbefore referred to,) were recited as constituting the reason why, iu the opinion of the Office, the application should not be granted. July 23, 1858, Hou. Moses Kelley, then Acting Secretary of the Inte- rior, replied that, in his opinion, the question submitted as arising upon the proper construction of said clause was distinctly before the Depart- ment at the date of office-report of July 8, 1850, and that he regarded it as having been settled by the Secretary's decision of July 10, 1856, and the i)ractice of the Office of Indian Affairs under it. No change was made in the construction of the treaty aforesaid by this Office, requiring local residence among, or contiguous to, the Chip- pewas of Lake Superior, until March, 1803, when Senator Ilice, in a letter to late Commissioner Dole, under date of the 19th of that mouth, requested a re-oxamination of the cases of the Borups and Champlin. Pursuant to this request, a report was rendered to the Department on the 25th of March, 1803, iu which, after reciting the Office construe- n Office construe- CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. f tion of the treaty aforesaid, and submitting: the papers in the case, Com- missionor Dole stated that, from an examination of the evidence sub* mitted, it was, to him at least, doubtful whether the cuiLstruction previ* ously pliiced upon the treaty was sustained; but, grankiii;| that it was, in his mind it was a forced construction of that instrument to require the mixed-bloods to malce proof of their residence among or contiguous to tiie Indians, in order to be entitled to the benetlts of its provision. Tlie evidence showing that Elizabeth Borup was the mother of both Theodore Borup and Sophia Cbamplin, he was of opiuion that the lirst named, as tlie head of a family, and Theodore, as a single person, twenty one years of age at the date of the treaty, were both entitled to its benefits, but that the claim of Sophia (Jhamplin should be rejected, tor the reason that she was less than twenty-one years of age at tiie date of said treaty, unless it could be shown that she was at that time the head of a family. In response to this report, Hon. J. P. Usher, then Secretary of the Interior, under date of the 18th of May following, coucurred in the views of this 0£Bce, approved the claims of Elizabeth and Theodore Borap, and reject« d that of Sophia Champlin. This decision of the Department overruled the former practice of the OiUce, and, under it, scrip was issued to the Borups January 29, 1864. The form used in the isauance of scrip at that date is as follows : DEPARTME>fT OF THK INTERIOR, Office of Indian Affairs, 186 . in the State of , is one of the I hereby certify that of lienons deHcribed in the provision contained in the treaty of September 30, 1854, with the Ciiipnewas of Lake Superior, and that the said is entitled to eighty acres of laud as tliurein provided. It is hereby expressly declared that any sale, transfer, mortgage, assignment, or pledge of this certiflcate, or of any right accruing under it, will not be recognized as valid by the United States; and that the patent for lands located by virtue thereof sball be issued directly to the above-named rescrvee, or his or her heirs, aud shall in uowise iuuru to the benefit of any other person or persons ; and that tlio object and purpose of this certificate is to identify the said above-named » — ^— as one of tbe persons entitled to the benoHt of the provisions of the seventh clause of the second article of tbe treaty aforesaid. Given under my hand aud the seal of tbe Department of the Interior, this day and year above written. , Commiaatoner, Scrip continued to be issued to other mixed-bloods without regard to their residence, under the decision last above referred to, the only requirement being satisfactory evidence that the claimants were half- breeds or mixed- bloods belonging to the Chippewas of Lake Superior, and were twent^'one years of age or heads of families at the date of the treaty, until June 9, 1865, when (the application of Antoine Roy for scrip having been submitted by this Office to the Department) Hon. James Harlan, then Secretary of the Interior, decided that the said treaty of 1854 did not contemplate the issuance of scrip, but patents, tor the lauds to which the half-breed or mixed-blood Chippewas migh t be entitled, and directed that instructions in accordance with such decision be forwarded to the proper Indian agent, in order that no more scrip might be issued to any of said half-breeds. The number of persons to whom scrip was issued during the interval of time elapsing between January 29, 1864, (the date of the issuance of the Borup scrip,) and June 9, 1865, (the date of Secretary Harlan's decision just referred to,) as indicated by the records of this Office, is 564. Subsequent to the last-mentioned date no scrip was issued, and no •' ■ -Villi '."ll .>).i^'?vf7.:•r;-••.V.^:.. .■ •\r-T '. ,'.- \^-& ,, y^ ,. ■ 'I :':^<' 'f-:\\ -f^'ltf -l:;- ^ u ^^,.&-"-^' •l-.!'-4j,V- -I •,V-«-. '/»,-•■. :. ;.'f ■■.•■-. ,*■•>» 8 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOK. t*< A< instructions, otbcr than forwarding copies of Secretary narlan'8 decis ion, was furnished to the agents ; and no further action of iriipurtaiice was had on the subject until Octol>er 2, 18 to the 1st day of July, l-fij, and no longer, they will receive evidence from said half-breeds that tliey are eutitkil to the beny the proofs to be entitled. The selections will be confined to and made upon the tracts of land set apart and withheld from sale for the use of the Chippewas of Lake Superior by the second article of said treaty. [Those instructions were prepared by the OtBce, but not sent to the agent,] March 4, 1808, a letter from Senator Norton, bearing date 28th Feb- ruary preceding, was referred to this Office for report as to the propriety therein suggested of receiving all evidence of identity which bad been regularly taken, in conformity with the rules of the Depart- ment existing before the issue of scrip was stopped by decision of Sec- retary Harlan. Information was also required by the Department as to "how many cases of the kind referted to by Senator Norton there are — that is, how many ( ases in which proofs of i.' . .- • - ■■-■>■' ■• .■ . H 10 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEUS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 1^; ■ 1 ■.M**'f: tu 14.: .•••W-*' V *:.' ■ In 1*1 " Office, but ill which no scrip haa been issued." To this comninnication this Office responded on the 24th of March, 186S, that there had been received, both before and after tlie discontinuing of the issuance of scrip under tlie decision of Secretary Harlan, one luindrele." The Otlice replied, October 2li, remarking that the mixed-bloods had theretofore " been permitted to locate their certiticates upon any of the lands of the United States subject to pre-emption and settlement," and ,:. <.C'\. •.; ■: •;>!•■-;■■' 'i' i ■■' . » .. .. -;. ...V, : ■•■(••■'5 •>•■•• r'.'.*-'n-- . ■ r'Si-:: >'■■:■ ^i'-'t'-' m * '-" J *• •- • - ■■.■■,••■>*;•■:,■■■ ■•- ■,*■".-.: ■■•..: •• ■. •■ - *■,■:.'.■ . ' .■V;.'-;?j,--/-^«tJl."'' ■'^■wm^^.^' ■ ■ -'^(^'^'■:,^^-'\ „■.-».■• .■•'.'^ ■ -V !■■« -■'.■ -■■X -^-jf' •>• ' " ,J' :■, f* ■-■ ; V ■ -- . .■^'v ■ * ■».. ^' ,¥'/■■•"•;'■'■'■.'■■'" ^■* » -L' --■■ ■•■-.•>-v?''' iJi- *■-..''?:■ ■'''■"' ■.:■■•" y-.' ■' " 12 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. that it would be but jnst that those who had not yet availed themselves of the benefits of the treaty should have the right of selection extended to such tracts of country .^s had from time to time been acquired by the United States from their own people, the Ohippewas. To this communication the Department responded, under date of the 28th of same month, that — In y'lf.w of till these circnnistances, the half-breeds embraced in the provisions of said seventh clause of the second article of the treaty of September 30, 1^54, will be permitted t() make locations within the limits of the territory ceded to tlio United States by the lirst article of the treaty last above named, or within the limits of the territory ceded by the second article of the treaty between the United States and the Red Lake and Pembina bands of Chippewas of October 2, 18fi3, or within the limits of the territory ceded by the first article of the treaty between the United States and the Chippewas of the Mississippi of Msiy 7, 18fi4. In the event of the selections being made within the limits of either of the two last-named districts of country, and upon nnsnrvej'cd lands, the boundaries of snch selections must be adjusted in conformity with the lines of the official survey, whea the same shall be made. This decision was amended on the following day by letter from Depart nieut directing that the privilege of such locations should be extended so as to embrace, in addition to the districts of country previously named, the tract ceded to the United States by the first article of the treaty of February 22, 1855, with the Mississippi bands of Chippewas. October 31, 1808, the proofs accompanying one hundred and ninety- six of the applications filed with letter of F. Steele, of the 1st September preceding, were transmitted to the Department for consideration and approval. November 3, 1868, tlib Department returned the proofs and list of applicants, with directions that certificates be issued in accordance there- with, " but they must, upon their face, be restricted in location to the districts of country upon which it has heretofore been decided they were locatable, as mentioned in the letters of this Departuient to the Indian Bureau, dated, respectively, the 28th and 29th of October, 1868." The certificates were .accordingly issued, under date of November 17, 1868, and delivered to Franklin Steele on the 17th of December following. December 16, 1868, Franklin Steele inclosed one hundred and twenty- two additional applications for certiti.cates, with accompanying proofs of identity. August 17, 1809, these applications were returned to Mr. Steele, be- cause of a decision of the Hon. Secretary of the Interior, bearing date the 11th of that month, addressed to the Commissioner of the General Land-Office, (a copy of which was furnished this Office for its informa- tion and guidance,) wherein it is directed that " no more certificates of scrip will be issued to mixed-blood Chippewas under the treaty aforesaid, but the parties entitled to eighty acres of land under its provivsions will be required to make their selections in jierson. All locations and selec- tions are to be made upon surveyed lands." October 23, 1809, in a rei)ort to the Secretary, this Office made refer- ence to the foregoing decision in connection with a letter received from William Lochren, esq., relative to the desire of certain claimants of land under the treaty of 1854 to make their selections, and submitted the question as to how the mixed-bloods were to prove their identify to the register and receiver of the local land-office. The Department, in reply, under date of November 4, 1809, informed the Office that, after considering the subject, it had been determined to adhere to the instructions issued by Secretary Browning relative to the issue of certificates to said mixed-bloods, entitling them to land under the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty aforesaid. CHIPPtWA HALF-BEEEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 13 Jnne 15, 1870, Hon. E. M. Wilson, of Minnesota, addressed a comrau- nicatiou to the Department, which was referred for the views of this Office, calling attention to the then existing status of scrip issued under the treaty of 1854, and asking that the instructions issued concerning the location of the same, as contained in the letter of the Commissioner of the General Land Office, dated February 17, 1869, to the register and receiver of the land-oftice at Alexandria, Minnesota, be revoked, for the reason that great injustice is thereby worked to the mixed- blooils entitled to laud, in this: That section 1 of said instructions requires the mixed-blooa to appear in person at the local land office, bringing with him two competent witnesses ; that such requirement is a great hardship, imposing much expense upon the party entitled to land, inasmuch as many of the mixed-bloods live at a distance of two buudrcd and fifty miles from the nearest laud- office. Mr. Wilson therefore recommended that the scrip or certificates be made locatable either in person by the mixed-blood or by attorney, as provided by letters of Secretary of Interior, dated October 28 and 29, 1868. This Office concurred fully in the views of Hon. Mr. Wilson, as evi- denced in report to the Department, July 19, 1869, recommending that Laud-Office instructions referred to be revoked. No action, however, was taken by the Department on this recommendation. July 20, 1870, a report was addressed to Hon. J. D. (;0x, then Secre- tary of the Interior, recommending, in order that the Department wight be correctly informed what persons of mixed-blood were " entitled to receive scrip for land under the provisions of the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty concluded with the Chippewas of Lake 8ni)erior and the Mississippi, 20th September, 1854," that R. F. Crowell, of Saint Paul, Minnesota, be appointed a special agent to take evidence in the matter, and to prepare a roll or census of the claimants. July 28, 1870, this recommendation was approved, and directions given for the appointment of Mr. Crowell. By direction of the Depart- ment, in letter of August 3, 1870, the duties of Mr. Crowell were directed to be enlarged, so as to include those persons entitled to land under the eighth article of the treaty of October 2, 1863, with the Ked Lake and Pembina bands of Chippewas. lu compliance with the foregoing directions, Mr. Crowell's appoint- ment and instructions were prepared and sent to him on the 5th of Angust, 1870. These instructions as to the proofs required to establish a proper claim for land under the treaty of 1852, were to be such as would clearly show that the claimant was — .i iir, -or Ist. A mixed-blood of the Chippewas of Lake Superior. 2d. That at the date of the treaty he or she was the head of a family, or twenty-one years of age. 3d. That these facts must be sworn to by the claimants, whose testi- mony must be corroborated by the affidavits of two disinterested wit- nesses, whose credibility must be certified by him (Crowell) if personally known to him, and if not so known, by the judge or clerk of a court of record, attested by the seal of such «30urt. 4th. The statements of the mixed-blood and witnesses must be sworn to before an officer duly qualified by law to administer oaths, and if such officer had no official seal, his official character to be certified by the clerk of a court of record, authenticated by the seal of such court. 6th. The witnesses must swear that they had not, at any time, acted as the agent or attorney of the claimant, and that they possessed no in- terest whatever in the matter. ^■•,-^' .*«•*■': 'lis"-*^' ••' •I ■ - '.d<2?.>-i-^.; ■•*t; TtT ili\ : * ■ ■ W" . •.,...V^:..,f.j».-,s;./ M 14 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUi»ERIOR. 6th. The heirs of all mixed-bloods who, if living, would have been entitled to participate in the benefits of the treaty, should be deemed to be entitled to the quantity of land which their mixed-blood ancestors, respectively, would have received had they lived ; the proofs of heir- ship in such cases to be governed by the same rules as those prescribed for the identity of original beneficiaries. March 11, 1871, a partial report was received from Special Agent Orowell. April 21, 1871, the Department addressed a communication to tbis Office, in which, after referring to the partial rejwrtof Mr. Crowell, it was stated that, in consideration of the great importance of having an authen- tic record made of the persons entitled to land and land-scrip under the treaties of September 30, 185-4, October 2, 1863, and April 12, 1804, re- spectively, it was deemed advisable to revoke the appointment of Mr. Crowell, and to appoint a commission to discharge the duties imposed upon him, such commission to be composed of Henry S. Neal, of Iron- ton, Ohio, R. F. Crowell, of Minnesota, Selden 2^. Clark, agent for the Chippewas of Lake Superior, and Edward P. Smith, agent for the Chippewas of the Mississippi, the latter two of whom were to act as members of the commission only when operating within the limits of their respective agencies. Mr. Crowell was accordingly notified. May 4, 1871, of the revocation of his appointment, and the individuals named as special commis- sioners were informed of their designation, and instructed in accordance with the directions of the Department. Under date of September 4, 1871, a majority of said commission sub- mitted a detailed report of their operations under tbeir instructions, as well as their views and recommendations upon the subject-matter of their investigations. This is signed by Messrs. Neal, Clark, and Smith. They report tliat they believe the persons whose names are comprised in the list of those to whom scrip was issued by Agent Gilbert, were entitled to land under the trea':y of 1854, with the possible exception of certain white men who were the heads of mixed-biood families, although they might be considered as entitled on grounds of equity, if not by a strict legal construction of the treaty. Moreover, that Agent Gilbert himself did not put the claims of these white men upon the same level with those of the half breeds, appearing from the fact that he collected, or allowed to be collected from them, a commission of $25 each, before delivering tlieir scrip, those unable to pay such sum not receiving scrip, such not being the case with half-breeds, whose scrip was delivered with- out charge. Further, it is reported that in 1864, Chippewa scrip began to be con- sidered desirfible property, for though on its face it was expressly declared not to be assignable, and its transfer was forbidden in terms, it nevertheless became an article of tra». Vi .• '•>- ;■■' m. v.\ l.^M '^■' 4-^-'^- ■■UflZ-: ^■v -■•p-;^.-: l^^'■ ■■i- !-.iJ-^i .l*;'\-,lv,«.-'*.*y If) CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. l»Hi to* were placed in tlie hands of Franklin Steele, who laid them before Com- missioner Taylor, and thereupon scrip was issued upon said applications, notwithstanding the fact that many of them were defective in form, and not one of the claimants possessed any right to land under the treaty of 1854 ; and further, that Commissioner Taylor assumed the power to extend the i)rovision8 of the treaty by indorsing across the face of each piece that the same could be located upon* any unsurveyed land iu the United States. In reference to this action of Commissioner Taylor, as charged by the majority of the commission, 1 beg leave to state that the provision rela- tive to the location of these certificates upon unsurveyed lands was embodied in the form of certificate, submitted to and approved by the Department, and that it only extended to such vacant unsurveyed lands as were included within the tract of country ceded to the United States by the treaty of 1854 ; and further, that the indorsement made ui)oq such certificates was only such as was authorized and directed by the honorable SecietJiry of the Interior in his letters to this Office, bearing date October 28 and 29, 1868, respectively, and was as follows : By ortler of the Secretary of the Interior, bearing date October 28 and 29, 18G8, tbis certificate is also locatable upon any of the lands ceded to the United States under tbe following treaties, viz, with the Rod Lake and Pembina bauds of Chippewas of October 2, 1S63 ; Chippewas of the Mississippi of May 7, 1864 ; and also that with la^t-uauii'd bands February 22, 1855. The commission further report that, of one hundred and sixteen suc- cessful applicants for land, who made personal application at the laud- office at Saint Cloud, Min., under instructions of Hon. J. D. Cox, late Secretary of the Interior, only one belonged to the Chippewas of Lake Superior at the date of the treaty of 1854, and he had already received scrip for the land to which he was entitled ; and of those who made personal application in like manner at the land office in Du Luth, only three are reported as being entitled to the benefits of the treaty. Of the proofs tiled in one hundred and twenty -two cases, taken by E. F. Crowell, under his instructions of August 5, 1870, the majority of the commission report only two cases wherein the applicant is entitled to land. The number of cases in which proofs were taken by the commission, and the claims of the applicants for land approved, is five. The number of cases in which the proofs were filed with the commis- sion by attorneys, and which are reported as being entitled to land under the treaty, is eleven. The commission also submit the following recommendations relative to the treaty of 1854 : That such legislation by Congress bo secured as will hereafter forbid the receiving of any applications for scrip under the treaty of September 30, 1854, nt La Pointe, Wis., witli the Chippewas of Lake Superior at any land-offlce, until the merits of such application shall have been decided and the bounty granted by special act of Congress in each case. That immediate action be taken oi. the entries at the Saint Cloud land-office, as set forth in Schedule F, and at the Du LutU land-offlce, as set forth in Schedule D, and that said entries be canceled, not one of them having been fouud entitled. That in any treaties hereafter to be mode with any tribe of Indians, by which lands may be ceded, no promise or scrip shall be made a part of the consideration by the Government, the provisions under the homestead law being regarded sntHcient to provide for all who desire to settle on the land, and the history ot all half-breed scrip already proving that such Government bounty inevitably leads to fraud and vomiption, and brings no help to the half-breeds. That immediate steps be taken to secure the Government against loss by canceliug all entries made at the dilferent land-offices on applications for scrip found illegal, for which the patent has not yet been issued. As to what course should be pursued, if any, to secure the punishment of parties to f1 commission, CHIPPEWA IIALP-nREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 11% the franils wliich your comniission has disclosed, \v« do not feel called to express an ii{iiiiioii. tiirtlun' timii to Mii^j^L-tit that tbu iuturiMt of all true govuriiiiiuut, liolli of itii liDiiiiriiiKl jiistio^iii coming tiiiie,uuuui!itore([iiirutliiitiiuch tlugraiit wruiigHa.s iici.jury,. ami snliDriiatioii of porjiiry, and forgery, and euibozzloinent, should not ms idTinitted III escnpi! the mark of condemnation and pnniHiunent, and especially tlo wo linid it im- l»irtaut that an oHlcor of the Gos'cniment, made a guardian of the natioiiV wards, shiiuld not be poiinitted to enjoy with impunity the fruits gained by such crimes at ihe expense of his wards. Mr. R. F. Crowell, as a member of said commission, submitted, under date of September 15, 1870, a minority report, signed by himself, non- cdiicuning" in the rejwrt of the majority, for the following reasons: i(^);i; fifflt. liecausu the report retlected upon the decisions and practice of the Hureait 111(1 DepiU'tmont which appointed the comuiissiou. SeooiiiUy. liccause Htatumonts which were not made under oath nor to the commis- sion, hut to some member of it, were reported as cviilnuce submitted to the c immission. Tliinlly. Because snfticicnt time was not allowed the undersigned to consider and m^h the information, statements, and evidence submitted to and obtained by the couimission or members thereof. Fomtbly. IJecanse the report, together with the evidence and papers submitted tliercwith, were not in the form recjuired by instructions, and were not in substance ;i< lequired by instructions. Fifthly. Because the imderslgned is not convinced of the correctness of all tho state- iiieut» atid conclusions contained in said report. I have thus given a detailed history of all the important action had concerning the issuance of scrip or certificates of identity under the treaty of 1851, and in this connection will state that, from information furnished by the Getieral Land-Otftce, it is ascertained that of the entire uuuihei (one thousand one hundred and sixty-eight) of pieces of scrip orcertilicates of identity issued, eight hundred and sixty-seven hiive been located, and patents issued for the hinds called for in live hundred and liftyeight cases, and that out of one hundred and seventeen personal applications made and received for tands, patents have been issued iu live cases. The facts herein recited establish, iu my opinion, the follow* iug points : First. That the construction placed upou. the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty of 1851, by the Secretary of the Interior, ill Department letter of the 18th of May, 1803, by which evidence of actual residence among or contiguous to the Chippewas of Lake Supe- rior ceased to be required of claimants to land under said seventh clause, has been most unfortunate in its results, admitting at the best several fniudulent for every honest claimant. And in this connection I most respectfully but firmly dissent from the grounds upon which that decision of the Department was based, believing that the intentions of the parties to the treaty contemplated no such exten-sion of its bene- fits, but that, on the contrary, actual present identification of interests l)etween the half-breed and the tribe at the date of tlie treaty was under- stood by both parties to the compact. Secondly. That the treaty of 1851 did not contemplate or authorize tlie issue of scrip in any form or in any sense ; and that conseciuently tlie certificates issued in the course of the proceedings herein detailed, iiltbough they are objectionably like scrip, cau have ettect only as cer- tificates of identity, such as they are declared by Department letter of tlie 2d of j\Iay, 18G8, to be ; and U) the whole extent to which they approach seiip in form, and depart in form from simple means of identification, I tliey are to be regarded as bad certificates of identity, and not as good scrip. Thirdly. That such certificates, not having validity except as a means I of ideutitication to the Bureaus of this Department and to the Depart- lueut itself, of the person of the claimant, have vested no rights iu any 2 u B s ■•■■ * in '^'J m u :•'•'.•, W,''^\,.t it.'- • i • ■; I ■\^lV'i,;^«&,.Tf2».g»!.<', :^&'X 18 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. m/m rlaiinant, atifl can therefore constitnte no objection to any action wliidj tlie Department may deem it desirable to take to carry ont tlie pro. visions of the treaty of 18.") I through any other form of i)rocedurt'. Fourthly. That the total mass of such certiflcateH outHtandiii}; has brconio so vitiated by fraupewasof Lake Superior ceased to be required of claimants under said seventh clause of the treaty of 1854. Should the Department find cause to reverse such decision, I would recommend that the action of the Department under such Seventh clause be assumed to be closed and completed by the issues of i)atent8 above recommended. Should the Department decline to review the decision of Secretary Usher, above referred to, or should that decision be affirmed on review, I reai)ectfully ask instructions how further to proceed under the almost overwhelming tendency to fraud that has been developed since evitlence ceased to be required of residence among or contiguous to the tribe to which the claimant, under the seventh clause, second article of tlic treaty of 1854, must show that he "belonged" at the date of the treaty, in order to entitle him to receive land under said section. ' ",' Very respectfully, your obedient servant, F. A. WALKER, The Hon. Seceetary of the Interior. OAHKS TO W ciiiprEWA iialf-hreeds op lake superior. 19 SdiKini.K A, showing thtt namen of the twentif-one inAiriduah reporUtl bif tht uicjnrHy of the spnitil (UWHiMsiu/t upimiiled hij the Uipartmvnt to take tvDiimiiiy relnliu then In, an enlitled (ri rcd'ire land under the jmivinionH of the Hecenth elaiiHc of the m'eoiul artliU nf the tvealij riiiiihultd nU;|i;r(:'fl -'♦! Ij-riiji n ''> •>v,,..->'i(i t'ASKH IN WHICH TKHTIMONY WA8 TAKEK BKKORK TItB UPBClAI. C(»ni I.S8ION 1, rmil Bolongor; rosldoiico, Wliito Earth, MiiiiioNota. •2, Antdinfi La Piorro ; rcHidcnco, Abemroinbio, MinneHota. X Joliii La Prairio; roHideiioo, Choii^rwatona, Minnesota. 4, D. (ti'oruo MorriHon ; residoniH), SiiitiMior City, Wiwconain. i), Mugi^io MurriHon ; roHiclunco, Saint Cloud, MiuutiHota. r^tvi,- >,' CASKS IN WHICH TKSTIMONY WAS KII.KD 1»Y ATTORNEYS. 10 .'."MV !!) .ilT .ii-i'ir] ■'I ilJU! 'il' I/I ,««HHI,1.> /il.f t ■i.llr »'• ivIImk/') >''. .fU..,,. 1. Amlirose Brunet ; residence, Crawfonl County, Wisconsin. •I Antoine UaKU^^). ;), Paul Ucloufjcr, ur. ; rusidencc, Leech Lake, Minnesota. , :. , I, Pctt'rCata; residence, Hart, Oceana County, Wisconsin. .1. t'liarhfs Duverney; residence, Hart, Oceana County, Wisconsin II, .leseph Deneaux; residence, Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. 7. Catiiarine La Point ; residence, Crawford County, Wisconsin, m^^ -jji; i, j,.. > 8. Cliarhss Mergan ; residence, Polli County, Wisconsin. . .j,_, j|ji,|.j|,| t«. 9. Jehu nte. Parisian; residence, Oceana County, Michigan. 10. .John Rice; residt^nce, Chisago County, Minnesota. i mikj "I'V ''tj;,/, 11. John B. Warren ; residence. Cook County, Illinois. ;•'• u' .i ,'<" >i;; i(» .i.ri i;!'; CASKS IN WHICH TK8TIMONY WAS TAKKN BEKOHK R. V, CROWKLL. . , i ,;, f,;! 'I H: • ./*i«: '".ilr 1 •(. ■ ! •, . >•[: I- )■;,.; >Ji)|, •■ ■■• I !i:;iiM,l,;;,!:j, ;jin,'-/ Iif > ..'.i :*''.'» :iul . /I t)';ii)'t 1. Ponsaint Cbouinard. 'I Jului Cliouinard. t OA^KS IN WHICH IMCUSONAI- APri.rC.VTIO.V WAS MADK AT Y)V LUTH LAMJ-OFFIOK. 1. Joseph B'erard; resiihtnce, Superior City, Wisconsin. t Marie Cadotte, (now Mrs. Berard;) residence, Superior City, Wiscoiii-in. . , ... :>. Adam Kozeueau. ;i> oil '. ' ■1 H 1 •^ic.i. .;;)'' i Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, Waifhuiyton, D. C, March ^,1872. Sir : I have the lienor to acknowledge the receipt, by reference t'royi the Department, of a resolution of the House of Ke.presentatives, bear- ing (late December 2{), 1871, calling for certain information relative to the issuanccof Chippewa half-breed scrip, under the provi.sions of the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty with the Chippewa liidiiuis of Lake Superior and the Mi8sis8ii)pi, concluded September 30, 18."4. In response thereto, L respectfully submit the following : First. The number of pieces of scrip for eighty acres each, which has beeu issued to date, is l,l(>i»; and the names of the persons to whom such issuance was made are comprised in a list herewith submitted, marked A. Second. The number of applications on file, upon which no scrip has l>e(!u issued, is 715; and a list of the names of such applicants is here- with submitted, marked B. Third. The Cliippewas of Lake Superior number about four thousand souls, and at the date of the treaty of September 30, 1854, occupied a large region of country in Northwestern Wisconsin ahd NortheasterA Miimesota. < . . 'i , . , ■•••,i.:iH..''.i-l i-k-\ .v-vv ^'J^'lfi^'-S' 9. 20 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. MS.* Fourtli. I transmit copies of the soveral forms (marked 0, I), E, p and G) used from time to time in the issuance of said sbrip ; the diflei! ences between the several forms used being occswioued by changes in the rulinys of the Department relative thereto. Tue manner of locating land, which was in contemiplatiou at the time of such issues, wus for the hoUlers of the scrip to present the same individually at a local land, oftice having jurisdiction, and to select from any of the vacant lands within tlio tract of country upon which the same was locatable, the (]nantity of land to which said scrip entitled them, for which selection they should be entitled to receive patents. It was in contemplation ihivt this location should be made in person by the individual to whom tlie Hcrip was issued, and it was expressly declared that the same should not be assignable, and that any sale, transfer, mortgage, assignment, or ])ledge thereof, or of any right accruing under it, would not be recog- nized as valid by the United States. I also transmit copies of all the decisions of the Department, and of other important papers on file rela- tive to the issuance and location of said scrip, designated by numbers from 1 to 21, inclusive. Fifth. I transmit copies of all reports rendered to- this office by per- sons authorized to investigate matters relating to applications for scrip by said iialf-breeds or mixed-bloods. These reports and the accompany- ing papers are marked as follows : H and H 1, 1, 1 1, 1 2, 1 3, 1 4, 1 5, 1 (J, 1 7, and I S, and K. Sixth. The number of acres of laud for which said scrip has been issued, is 9l',S00. i The resolution of the House of Representatives referred to is herevritb returned. Very respectfully, your obedient servant. The Hon. Seceetaey of the Interior. 'i .ul.>;, !■•■'.■;* WALKER, VommiHsiomr. 'C List of the names of mixed-bloods to ichom scrip or certificates of identity have been issued shoicing theU to be entitled to eighty acres of land, under the provisions of the seventh clause of the 2d article of the treaty con- eluded tieptcmber 30, 1854, with the CMppeiva Indians of Lake Siqjerior and the Mississippi. Allen, Hiram S. Aiinsti'oug, Beujaniin G. Arnold, Silas R. Aitkeiis, Roi;er AhIiuihd, Auianda Archange, Eoleau Asbmuu, Ell ward / Arelia, Mary Amelia, Cicilia Amelia, Lonis -i - • Atkens, AVm. .. Adams, Joseph Andrews, Wm. '" Andrews, John Andrews, Margaret Alice, Norbet Anderson. David Anderson, James Francis 1 (.iji i\ ■ .^! •!. i.i <;!!■»■ II tKf J l-'/l-i '.;W .lijf'tii'l. ,,'l.'.i:i4;i.ii..i- 1 riii;;n.i/. Si -l'- ■ ,i(t(Hi I'Jiii.i .■! 1 ■H'.!/l ,1 ii!].-k^.l'V :'n-\'^ii'i ,>.'>i-t''/ J ;>;.;/ .liioiii'iiu;.)- ' ' '. ,!-i^LiUi 'ill: )^ ' Anderson, Leticia Anderson, Henry Amlin, J(din B. Andin, Mary Anne Amlin, Josette Alard, Ambroise Bresette, Henry Bresette, Charles Bresette, Michael Breban, Angeline Banger, Michael Banger, John B. Beesou, Augustus Boriot, John B. Bajinet, Michael Bagii^t, Augustus Ba^uet, Alexis Bagiuet, John B. r.iiCiii.lf .I'i-tihiix :'t .ii'.ii nnooiif' •■11, J-.: K ,(■.,11 ■:l:.i I , •I,]..,,--! ■'..■ir. ' •;<;■!(/ i.M. : ' ■ :!')iir!'i ;i ,,ti.i' niKKi;'* ,,-i'i:'.i'> ..'AVJl.')'' l^.ilJ^.,,!' ' ,i 1-' ■ 1 Ifl- iT.uit;" I. .iU'iii.l. . ,1 f_ .njiifiri'i.'' ClTIPrEWA nALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 21 0, I), E, F, ; the (liffei- J chanyeg in r of luuatiiig lies, was for a local laud- racaut lands icR table, the eh selection iplation that ;o whom the le sboulil not signnu'iit, or ot be recog- )8 of all the 8 on file reia- by numbers ►ffice by per- ions for scrip i accompany- L 3, 1 4, 1 5, 1 jrip has been to is herewith .KER, nmissiomr, I i: ilf:)!'' es of ideniify »/' land, under \e treaty con- Lalie Siipemr )i, n 1!|iXll'>" ■,t( ,: «li'i ' Bacerger, Michael Barif^f r, Augustus Bruce, Poter Bounet, Margaret Bird, Francis Barstou, Antoine j Bruce, Susan Brunette, Louis Bruce, Marion Bouchea, Peter F. Brown, Hetsey Boudrie, J. Bte. Boudrie, Joseph Brown, George Heaubien,Paul H. Brouchand, Arcbage Biaon, Margaret Bison, Antoue Brunelle, Josephine Brunelle, Joseph Bissina, Mary F. Baldwin, Margaret Bi-'leonvt, Eiistache Belconrt, John B. Bibo, Margaret Bellaii', Francisco Bruuptte, Josette Brunette, Fraugoise Brunette, Peter Baierj^er, Antoine Beanrin, John B. Beaurin, Robert Beanrin, Benjamin Beaurin, Maria Boutoin, Josette Bone, Mary Belani,rer, Sophia Boudoin, Charlotte Bone, Isabel Boudoin, Angelic ft •I'ji lllliir. till :!>I (,i-.i(- I. -'it ..I. C.'ll I .' ,;. fi In- i .'it! A' 'H'- Jl.Jsv"i'J^- iuri :',uh;K -->'■■'■ ,'t 'ilioU ,J0: ■ ■ ;•.!■. Tj,.jr,ar iili> .,ii Belconrt, Margaret Bellanger, Joseph , Busii, Margaret Brunette, tlosenh B«)uoher, Angelio Boucher, Charlotte Boucher, Margaret Boutain, Margaret Burchevan, Margaret Burchevan, Bazil Burchevan, Sevier Branchuugh, Archange Bisson, Antoine F. Brunelle, Louise Burchevan, P. Brisette, Louise jun Bonga, Jack Bollanger, Augustus Bisson, Margaret T. Bellefueille, Sophia Banette, Margaret Bellair, Charlotte Blanchard, Edward Bonga, Elizabeth Brunette, Josette Brunette, Francis > Brunette, Baptists Brown, John Bulangor, John B. Bonga, Qeorge Bertrauni, John B. Blair, Joseph Bibilon, Elexander Bellanger, Pierre Brunette, Jean Bte. Boudoin, Marie A. Blanchard, Joe B. Blanchard, Henry Blendin, Esther Blondiu, Paul Belgard, Louis Belgard, Margaret Blerr, John B. Blerr, Antoine Blerr, Margaret Bathneau, Mary B. Bathneau, Johu B. Batosh, Julie Batosh, Louise ' Bushe, Fran^oise ' Bnshe, .Josette > \ . - Beaui»rio, Josette Bai»tisto, Francis Bottineau, Charles Bellanger, Henry i Boyer, Lizette Breneau, Margaret Beauchmain, Philarite Beauchinain, Mario Borard, Margaret, (mother.) Beaubieu, Henry H. Berard, Margaret, (daughter.) Berard, Ellen Beauchamp, Angelic Beauchanip, Antoine Brosseau, Margret Broneau, Thomas ,,.,' Beauchmin, Madeline ' '\ Beancbmin, Andie l Biiireaux, Susan .,,,,,: ,, iirtrto'tl illiiliV. ' i!ti!i:ri|. l'^ i; ' .il!l •'! J H- lii.j. ''UMH mH .-r! 1 ii trii ' <'^ .'•'i ;,_ • ir.i f 1 , ,'"• '1 .', .)(! ;il/ \-'. )\\'' .i f. > 1 1^< n 1 t! T t I M l,.-j.i I 1 <;t ■ mI) •„]'! 1. v/, lv-.^.>R':':^.«-^-M'>5;>.(| fi rnirPEWA irALF-imnEDs of lake superior. lUtlHvort, SiHiiii Haiinuriiiiui, .Mary ]tflllii>iiu)iir, .loHL'tte Kii'd. Jitintvs Jiird, 1h)i)><>IIii Ifcl^nril, Kli/iib«)tli Ki-iico, Eli/,iili)ph Courignoii, John B. CottU'c, Josejih Conner, Kli«':»betU Conner, Edward Conner, Patrirk Conner,.Thoiiia» Ctnnier, Pett?r Crebassa, Petf r Chalowx, diaries, sr. Cluilonx, Cliarli's, jr. Cloiitier, Beiijaiuiii Crane, John li. Corbii), Louis Corbiu, Alexis Corbin, Ant{u.stu8, lat. Corbin,Estlier Corbin. Charles Corbiu, Awgurttiis, 2d. Corbiii,Autoiiio Corbin, John B. Cross, Wui.H. ChickiisawMary Carpeuter, Alexis Chalefonx, Morris CoHriiiere, Autoiae Clianssee,. Joseph Charbot, Francis Collins, Michael Cornier, Thomas, jr. Corbin, Margaret Cadotte, Benjamin Chabolie, Margaret Choninard, Peter Charrett, Elizabeth Compois, Mitchell Clontier, Angelic Chauipliu, Sophia E. .iiUi'iii*, .■.'ii;lif i!)?)uiioU >1J ,tiii;>jiif.jU(»0 •sU ,/i.i;'.n!ili;(io(l ll .tWIiiUXJltX ,i!!ii.l!JBlt!'Ml '{ ,t^U.'(itiIift .■i.iiivl iri'ii*! iiiiiHii*! ,.1 ,....uul.:. i ,ii iif/ , '![ j',"H r fJL!•'>•,:, I -..■'■i .!■''! n;i^'»' I • -m! it' !<:h!;,tl-f-«>L ,tii'.H',iHl , Mi.l^li;: <' ssPitlH >' wif Al mm:'* ,/I..;'4l n I lit I .fi'llii. '« .VirU'.iJikI iH '.Uiiil.'- •! i.-^fnii.uii'I ;tmy'f , I'inu'iKiii'.'f . :iiii,n; f .^1 i fi-ii ,'J')},|ii;Ji-.iii i!i Tf.!^ ,"ili;.>t,.i'l Cardotte. Chnrlotto (.'hapiMan,.lolui (Jatle, Henry (.'hapnian,.lamcH Chart, Ell/a Ciillen, John K. Cullen,SuNan li. Chattain.Irtabel Callie,Mary Crocliiere,(;harlott Contoix,.lnlie Contoix, Felieito Contoix, LoniH Cadotte, Archanjje ('adotte, Isabel CoMton,Clnirlotte Cadotte, Charles Cardotte, I^ouis Chapman, Maria Chapnnin,Mary Crane,. John H. Cress^, Almira Chahino, Margaret Chahino, Margaret K Clareniont, Mary A. Choninard, L'etVet. Choninard,, John B. Choninard, Julia Contier, Margaret Chaboilley, Josotto Charette, Charles Cardotte, Alice Cardotte, Agate Corbin, Margaret Chapman, Kenheu Cardotte, Susan Cloutiere, Josette Conrnette, Joseph Cornick, Julia Chenquay, Andrew Chenquay, Francoise Chonqnuy, Margaret Chenqnay, John Bte. Chen<(uay, Augustus Contoix, Catherine Chevereaux, Francis Chanipaigne, Jean J5- Chanipaigne, Minuel Chanipaigne, Isabella Chanipaigne, Mary Carier, Josette Charveneau, Victoria Charveneau, John B. Carrier, Theresse Carrier, Francoise Cariboau, Aiitoiue Caribeau, Ellen Car ibeau, Mary Caribeau, Joseph Charrette, Baptisto Charrette, Angelic Caplet, John B. Caplot, Madeline Caidin.Paulette Caplin, Margaret Charnier, Francis Charuier, Josette Charnier, Margaret Caplet, Angelic Coque, Alexia J, ufi-.-i ... . .. r, ill .iiif'ihi., iiii'". , J /I'jtj AifiR'j.l .J'jiqit'j ti|j >-(i{, ,iio«;) iJnu'iHiH Jiij^rno;} .is'iijij;tii t ,sj{HiinajB'J f/t 3rii n((i(i'} 1>.I sfqj^lf |i)0l'i(| ^h0|bC| i>h >ii]u'A ,iii'.->i(>')iU ■'.'•mtyi'l ,i!(,4li/.) »(( ^i;ff.ii)iK .I'iMH.O'jl]. siinftsiuiM. .*ifiuii([ li-i.?), -hiii'td I'll /ll;v<*; j£>;(!U<)U :; liUiil >.,7:liviyiU •m ,tl<[ ilij'ioi! .•i!li;'l I t. it .1 , ■»j;l( liH- rt0l.|JiJ4(l lufjisi;)*! .li'fniiL'iU i'tfiS^ - '>(lii',i iiii',)I. 'li ■riiiaiiU )'j-il! i .'>),f5!, liA 'J>l ..iiiu'.) ,y)'l ;il|*Jf:Ct''. .rillUmid '1 !i ;!(.•> ., m:mii(1 ,1'iH ,.;;v:!e *ii!iU 1 liillMl J. ,;>.:!■ >;ii;.i/: f;>i!fli-; ! r{i{'jU ,i ln/>;'i ,- > I .-■jjiiiiiiU CHIPPEWA HALF-DREEU8 OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 23 .M .f I'Ullll >:!.i..-(im: '■ .I'I'M \ I I, I'M ,')i»in'j.l .i.ilifi ill .-iii. ,;Joi. ' .li.^^rnt 1 •' ,V)U\\, vi'ii'iimi ^iiiii^iitii ij'' iMIII. , , .*l!l!ll|lll' i-.fiiioTtA ,*,■»., ,!i'lj)^iti ,;)[ , !' I -mV! n.l J'i /iili-f.' ,!u •■) . ! ■,.I.,l! ! •• -ll.li , ., ;i;i! ■ ■ !i: ->■ ,.■- 'ml ■■' .■.iUl ' ':'nji' r.\' .li'i ,1 i:i;rj; • vA,v.i ; ly.i:' ■ ' ■ . i/iii ,, ! -rtfiii .•'I -'jHI .i- 'i.yj- .■•: niM ('liniii|iiii>;iu>, MiivKurot ( liiiiiiimijriH', riciTu Clllil'l', SlIHIllI (■(iiim', .loHctto (\i(iiitti', Mur.v Aim I Iiii|iiiiaii, Hfllti .). Colin, Kli/.iiln-th I'liliii, Ji'iiii H. Ciiiiililii'll, Nuiuiy C'aiiiiilH. MiU'Krct l'iiiii|iiiiK<>*s 'Maliuo I'liplct, ■hlHCpll CaplH, I>i'iiiiin t'n|ili't, Loniso ('iH)k, .Jtmcttt) I'diTi^'al. Hiinnali Ciiiifor, Htii'iiiit* I'liintiiiiiKH, ('iiflil)t'rt CiiiniuiiiKi t'liai'li'H Ciiiiiiiiiii^, Malcolm Ciiiniiiiiii;, Mar^rttt lii'loo, Micliat'l lii'fiif, JoN*;|ili, iHt. Iii't'iie, Loii'm Defoe, FrnnciH |)i fof, JoHtiph, i2d. Ditoe, .lobn U. Di't'oe, Josi'ttt", (widow, Dct'ottaii, Katlierino \k C'dtt'nii, FrnnciH Di' Coti'nu, NiclioluH Iit'iiiiiH, JoHepli Di'UtiiH, lieiijatnin Di'iiniH, Hnuil Dennis, Soiivicr Dinj^lcy, Mary Uinjjley, C'liarlos Diiigley, Edward Dejurtlon, JoH<<]ili, ht. Dejanlou, Joseph, jr. Dejardoii, JoHeitli, ;id. Dejardou, FraiicJH, sr. Dejarilon, Franci.H, jr. Diipfrey, Micliaid, wr. Diiperuy, Michael, jr. Diibay, Mary Denoii«rt', John B. De Rajjean, Ambrose De La Kue, Oliver . ji. Detour, Felix Day, Gi'ormi Demaris, .Joseph Demaris, Louis | Demaris, John H. Umicauhion, .Simeon hiifiirt, Sophia Detonr, Aiif^elicpio Defauli, AuyuHtua Ueroit, Mary A. Diivernay, Maria Delimit, rteneviovo Dona, Elizabeth Demaris, Gabriel Demaris, Xsiver Demaris, I^ouis Demaris, Zavier Daroit, Theressa Davenpiirt, Josc^ph Davenport, Henry Desjeitais, David -H/fl' H X' • n'Tiif'.'i , (, .>V,f' ■,< iiii I i U-Jl III ii|i(li' ,-,!-l^li •■•/ir I tJi--"!,.;.t-- ;i.CV.ii(, ,..!)■■■ ; "ffiil. Jf-iin . ■-:/'. -i-.h; ,.,■ ..In- ',/■■ .1 Vi''f r;:r;'vr., ■•»?. Mllf/' iff^r V ■\ ■:• ui'i ,. : I wc'i'iv •' i:, iili'i ■ ill'-' !i.' .frr ■ i:\t ii;>i.Ji! 'ij'.i'-'dL .!ii;';auk8, Georfje Fairbanks, Margaret Fairbanks, Kobert 11 ; tn-. If.i. >.''l ■ 1 •! J - 1' 'J ' I 1 i •"■I 1 * r f... / .. j\ 1 Sii ir -* il! f)..': ni ( t .% '■? '- ■S'.i't.vf'-' .-S-vSir*".'-'.! mm-' 24 CHIPPEWA HALF -{{REEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. FairbiinkH, William m-'i' ■<"- (i 1 1 i; Or.ant, NarcisHo lui ' '-.«>• Fol«ti'()iii, MiU'HiU'ct E. iii\:o -if '1' (hant, Marfjaret (n)'' FolHtroni, Ninicy nHii 1 -,,.,1 , . Grant., Julia i "> >. Folstioin, John m.iI ni/" ,i . ii(iit<. Grant, J!iarles *(.| ..«, Fiiniwir, Siinili ' , ' .!. VI . >i ■ (iladno, Gonvivo 'Hi "iClti i Fdicior, C'liiiilotte hd./i.' 1 1 icr'' Glajjnon, JoHi-ph f , ■; ■ i-r.'., Faniis. Lucy H. ' m ^!> i^ .iMl ,, Goulct, Eli/.ard ii.i i, i • :--\'l' Ft'lix. Kdwi'inl ii -'. i . < il( 1 (JrandboiHc, Emily >. . i • i'-'-k Foniiitr, FninciH ' .itU: ;iii rj; Grandboiw', Martinet '": i ' '■•■-;»:• F(>uiii«)r, Aniablo in' .!;.!/. 111 1 'J.-. (irandboi.so, Isalxdla "!' i ' . •''■I'M Foiiiiicr, .Jdlin •■ •it<:i'. ! iiii 1 j'. (Jrandboimi, Pierre ■ m . .. "■;..ii. Froiicli, Miisc« : .■• v . > Ill ui- (Jran«lb()ine, Michel m ■ ■us , FolHtroiii, Miirfjivrot ''" ' ; ■" ■i;i.nT Goddon, Louis >• ' . .-il Fi(!tlcri(k, LoiiiHt^ •;)• ■ I'!! ■! (Jleadue, Charles ' ■■■■■■'.•e. Frt'dfrii-k, Mary Ann '• -v Gcuvior, Peter ■( >• '. '.: Fi(!«lt'iieU, .JoHttph i ^ t ■ ;, 1 ." (Jrant, Cuthbert ' ' /' ! Frike, Josctto ' ■ r, .■!■ (irant, Frizieii ..'.' FloniJind, Aiiiiotte i : fi '1 Grant, Mari(! ',; Fiaii, Josi'tte ' ^' ..M,- Gruet, Jciliii U. ;. Fian, Jolm 15. • .' ; (ialarnoaw, Mario ;._■ Ffljruson, ,)<)llll • ; - • ■ : i ■■ •■' 1 Goiidrie. Madeliuo FatiMtiif«»". BaptlHto ; '' (loudvio, Audrt' Foy, J(),> '' ■ ,'.-. FitliUer, FrancoiH ■ ■ ' . ;■■ ' Gibson, Fraiu'is • . '■. FiddliT, William i i 1 I 1 . ': ' Gladeaw, rieirt> .... p, Fiddler, Nancy > • U:, ', (iuif^ras, Mar;nret ..'1 . FU'iiiaud, Mar<;rer ' > Fairbanks, Mary ' .., ' i i (Jlruet, An^ustino r . . f (iainlier, Antoinu ■ ■ .•■ ' ■ i ,i (Jaudicr, ,b>lin B. ■ . • ! •■ I ■ ' , Griiet, Madeliuo (Jrnct, Theophilns 1. -■. (.Jandit-r, .b)S('pb i i ' Holty. John, sr. t . 1 (inndicr, Lonit* Holty, John, jr. . Hnchlo, John P., sr. Garnosc, .Jo.st'pb . ' ■ llnehle, John P., jr. (io/Iiii, ,l(tbn li. Huehlo, Francis ..'•. fiodl'roy, L(»ui» • . !■ llnehle, Joseph . ■ '• liddfniy, ('liarIott(s ( widow. > •» Hollin, .Jolm Hall, Abel (ii'jjninon, Antoine , , Herbert, Joseph (Jaslin, }{t'llint> llolman, Snsai\ licni'vcaiix, Ilcrt Ilnot, Margaret (iciit'vcaux. Francis i, . 1 , . Herbert, William tiravcrai't, Kobcrt (»". Herbert, (.'atliarinn Draviiact, .Jolin 11.. Hemie, Andre (iravcract, Mary Hemic, Michel riravciact, Albert 1 ^ ■ Harmon, Edward (Jravcrait, Allen Henry, Marie (Jlien, XaiK'y Harrison, Thomas (Jnrinie, Francis S. Har?ielle, Josetto (iniiioe, ,/olin 15. lla);cr)nan, .James (Jnruoc. Loiiis lla;;erman, Eii/:al)etli Gdsler, ,bilin lUc. • Hamlin, l/.abella (inrniic, Simnn Hamlin, tSolomon linrnnc, (.'liarles llandin, .Joseph (inrntie, .lane Halcrow, I'Jizabeth llnrvais, Sophi;* House, Klizalieth (iabedn'Mni;-. Marfiarei; Henry, Mary Anno <;antliii:'r, (,'bnrlotto Henrie Pierre ♦ iantliicr, Sophia ilenrie, Antoine (iantliicr, Mar^jarcli Heni'ie, Jo.settt^ (Jantliier. Knsalie Hodjjson, Charlotto (Jraliain. Henry Isham, Ira Urahani, Mary Irwiue, Louise CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Iiikstor, JaincH I,bi«tcr, Mary ,lHii(lroii,L(!\vi8 ,)iiiiili'iiii,''<>M<'I''» .loliiisoii, Louis .luimiii'.v.JoHopIi .liiniiiiry, Clmrles ,liii:vi(;r, Siiiiou .laiivitT, Cliurl(!8 ,1,111(111)11, Aiitoiiio .laiidron, Francis .Idiiidiuii, Eiistaclic ,lib\vii.v,Jaiin)H ,l|iissiin,.)iino .lilnviiy, Jose))!! ,lci(mx,(niarl()tto .liiiirilaiii, liazil jiihiison, I'olly ,1oliiis()ii, Sopliia ,l(iliiisoii,.hist.luuo .Iciii'ii'iix, Ilort .liMiei't'iix, Angiilic ,l;iclli l-iiiiiiriuix,,lohn B. L(i;iiu:uix, Anuiblo Li'iiiiuaux, Francis I-i'iiiuraux, I'etcr l.iiiiiUiiiix,.losi'iih U.SiiKc.Jolin 15. L,i;janU',,J()lin H. LiiKiirilc, Kustaclio Liildite, Ffbedu I.i' Knsc, Angflino U'Hdsf. ciiarlcs I'l' h'lisc. iiciijaniin Laiidiy,, Joseph l-;imliy,,li)liii 15. I'Milcliiim-lic, Aiitoiiio l-a|;a()niic.><, Antoiuo I'i'w i.s. Charles i'iiKdclic, Augustus l«l HllcllC, .IdSCpll Lii Kdi'lic, .lolin IJ. l'asiul(.,,|„i,ii [{. I'iisartc, ,l(i||ii l'''''ras,(;coig(> ''iil'iaiiii.,.Ji,iin B. 'hitfii . -ii!/. t-rx 1 Slit .11!.; • . ■, ' 1 .i ■* ■J '''!■•'■ 1. .i; .'|'.|' iiji.i . ' H ! >_•::;./, 1. . .. !l ' [ r : ! \ 1 .,. ' •I'M » ' ■.-, 1 , ,» :UA' Ln Prairie, Henry .ivlli // : Lai)oint, Margaret > i yin^u.!/ Lecloro, Francis y.iih./. Liinibert, Michael Lefevre, John D. Lossert, Edward Le Due, Margaret Leiliy, Essin Larue, Julia E. Legruc, Mary Ann La Fontl, Margaret Leprairie, Alexis Laprairie, Alexis La]irairio, Susan, 'Jd. Laviergc, Isabel Lavirge, Francis Leuville, Mary Laprairie, Susan Lessard, Marie Leitli, Francis La liissino, Isaac Laterell, Mary A. La Fond, Ueiijauiiu Labot, Gentsvicr La Koch, Madeline Labot, Francoise Lambert, Sophia R. Lagarde, Joseph Lacoy, Angelic Louisiguard, Charles Louisiguiird, lienjaniiu Louisiguard, Joseph La Loche, Michael Lesee, Paul Lauiedry, Margaret Lesarte, Marj- Lesarte, Rajihael Le May, Madeline • Larivee, Charlotte La Coujt, Autoine La Conit, Aniablc Laprairie, Eunice Lesarte, Francoise Lasseur, Josette Lesart, Louise La Chappelle, Julia Lord, Margaret Le May, Margaret La Rock, Andrew Ledonsier, Bazil Lejiruess, Theresso Luurant, ilarie Laurant, Paul Letendre, Margaret, sr. Leteiulre, Margaret , jr. Lafraniboise, Maria Lafrauiboise, Louis Lafraniboise, Narcisse Lafrauiboise, Mary Ann Lague, Francis Lague, Mary Larogue, Sophia Larogue, Joseph Letendre, John B. Lacoclie, Johu Bte. Jjegeuioguier, Josette Legeuionier, Marie Laiindrie, Marie Lueie, Josette l^efrauiboise, .Josette 25 .>v:'';'>-'i; w{ :■ Hii:' . I i I ! ci ,. Ii" •{.«••)- f;-;.v>*v:r..:-. I ■';:,''«vVAyi';.^V^if'"'''- ; ■>•:',:■■.■. .■: .■■•, '' 'J*.*;.'. • '.' vt, '.-•"*■ W '..,■■;■ • I ' . •» *-i. ■■' v ^ ' ■^- ; I ■:■ V •?'>.•■.';; Ji t- ■■■: ■ .1 '^i^^'b- Ml ^.l vrv^ ■"'**■'' ■ ' -vi a«*!;!^" ^> 2f) CHIPPEWA HALF BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR ■•.•'fO Livilct, Muiii^ J^CSlKTillR't*, Aiidid Lariiiiii<'(>, Ajtatliii Lagiiiionioi'c, I/.iard Liii'iinoiiii'rc, Sara Lt'i'dqut,', Charles La I'oinfe, Pi»?rro Lenu', Francis liavitTjiC, Marjtaret Ijc Giiie, Josej)!! Li'poiiit, Madeline Li'plant.Matk'lino l-f Plant, Isaliflla La Di'ux. Louise L()j;au, Thomas > Li'vt'li't, Picno Lajfanionicr, Marie Lerani'e, Mario Li'i»iiu', .Julia Lyons, .John Lafontaine, Francois Lesjieranco, Mario La IJi-ront, .Julio La Deront, Joseph Morrison,. Jolm Morrison, Donald Morrison,. Joseiih Moran, Andrew M ran, ISenJamin Martella,. Jeremiah Michaux, Michael Michaux,. Joseph Moutreille, Louis Montreille, Elisabeth Marksman, Peter Morrin, Roltert Morrisette, .John Meilett,Georyo Miner, Nancy Mi^Donj^al, Betsey McDoui-al, Mary Monehanip, Elisaheth Moore, Ann McArthur, Nancy McGillis, Franyoiso Montrille, Snsan Morrison, Charlotte L. M(!Donal(l,,Jjiiiive Madwaj^iia)!, .Joseph Madwajrnaii, Antoine Mad\va};naii,!Mathe\v Massey, Francis Menicliei'. .Joseph McCoy,. Jano Jlartin, Mary Moran, L\/.y.ie Mc'Boal, Anjfelio Mc(;'oy, Antoine McCoy, Margaret Morrison,. James Morrinjfei', Mary Mir()n,Calati(|no MorjL?an, Antoini^ Marchannd, .Josepli McCoy, I''ran(,'oise ]SIcGillis, .John Morrinj;('r, .John Morringer, Michael Mcl'arlain, I'eter McFarlain, Charlotte ■i- ',,;• i,-. ' •;; Martin, Antoine :i . i'i=.-'i?ii ■ _■" Martin, Anfjelic r ^M -,'.>' • Marchand, David !'■• ;' v,-^> 1 Meiiichier, Nicholas -.:„rn 1 r,: M(MiicIiier, Charles ,i :(,;:.....' -.: Morin, Benjamin ■'^'v'-'!-" • ' McCoy,. Joseph :-, •■,:/• ' , ,; Miclcl'ey, Betsey ■ !,;; :■,'-;•'' ■<■ Me.».'-' McDonald, William •,' ,■' McDonald, Nancy / McDonald, Hannah .-. , , 1. McKay, John D. . ■.,.' .: ' McKay, .Julie '■'■'- ■ " ' " McGillis, Alexander i M i . ' 1 - McGillis, Marfrret . ■; .-■_: Marriou, Edward ■ 1 Mire, .Jean B, i .-i ; Monkmon, Mary . ' Morrisette, Bai)tiste 1 .. • . Milleoin, Madeline : .',',', Murray, Mary .Jane - ",' t '. • Monsne, Tht'rese ' \ . ■■ , . Maxwell, Elizabeth Montreinl, .Jose[>h, jr. ., ;j .■- Montreinl, Margret Morin, Xavier Morin, Madeline Nay wagoo, Louis ; f Ncsvieux, Louis . ,' Nevieux, Alexis Newago, Lizette Wm, Nolin, Julia Nolin,Zavier Nulan, Joseph - 1 Nolin, Louis Nolin, Fran^oiso Nolin, Charlotte \, Nolin, John B, Nolan, Margret Nolan. Angelic Nolan, Francis Nolan, Augustiu Nolin, Genevieve Nolin, Mai'gret -■,,.-•.. Nolin, John 1 • , ' .■ Nolan, Ma'-'y Anne ^ ..: 1 . Nolin, Norb'ert nH'-tf .!ti)t,i ;?. ■■•jt:i', "■ill K CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 27 "' "^f 1 ■!' irii ■ Viilin. Margrct, Br. i> : 'A ii'i-,i;; Roy, Vincent, sr. •flj;I' ..-.li^i ' • ' 1' ;k( H Nnliii. Julie ' '' i-'/ -'!'•■!;' Roy, Vincent, jr. r .'I '; , I'Mi;. i'Hj- 1 ' ■' '■■' ,aii 1 Niilin, Joseph •• ' .'1 '-■ ■■'<■■■<■'■' Roy, John B., 1st. i,; • i;,!.'. . ■ ..'!i.;li: ' ,''i- 1 Niiliii, Angelic ■ '' •'•"•'■> '. -i Roy, John B., 2d. '' i ' , >i i')i';;iiji: ' ' Vl H Niaii. Isabella ."i';'! ' r.f|i v • Roy, Francis •< - 1 i i.?i|iUl 1 1. 1 1 V ,•; H 1 laks, (i(H)r}j;e H. ."imi-., •'•>.■' !>• • Roy, Joseph, Lst. ].,,\ 1 '.,,,,..., ■' '■ ■..!..'>■ H iiaks. Julia B. ,i,; . i . i Roy, Joseph, 2d. ' , ! , •ii.i..'l . .,..,./ ,-,.'.„i H iijiliwiiy, Angelic •' .: •■ , Roy, Antoine ■ ii; ■.•.■•; .Ml. ■'•■'f)'. ' >i'^i: H ikiif,'if. Catheriue Roy, Augeline, (widow.) .'!/' ;-,; .! : .1.1 ,. ,1, ,1,1, H I'ii'iu'd, Joseph .. / '-•■]. Roi)edoux, Charles .; .;■ .'.. ... >.i ,,. , , - ._, I,.,,., H I'lciu'd, Antoine i'' '< i ' "' Rohedoux, Ignace, jr. :i,.K *:;;,..- , . ( . ! iM..,f H iviijiueir, Aiitoiue ' -;' .m" ri.,i Rohedoux, Louisa r :i:.ir. ••./. .,,.\,- ..:„ H I'niiR'tte, Joseph, jr. 'i'-'. ■':■•->)! , Rohedoux, Peter : .^.■.l •. • M I rii|iietti\ .Joseph, sv. v-'t'. ■jr.;.' I'liiii', James - '" ''■■ ' ''■'• Rohedoux, John B. Rohedoux, Ignace, sr. -• ../.','> ,: I iviiiKii'k, David • ■ ' ' '' ' •!' " ■' I'liittT. Duane ■' 1 '■ i.i v..,: Roussan, Francis Roussan, Peter . . ■ ■ . ' 1 ' H IVck, Samuel •■■ '■" '■ '..•• Ruil, .Joseph , 1 ' H ri(liu'tt, John ; •" '• • ■ ■;■ •■- Rainion, Joseph ' i ■■• '/| \r'-r H IVllanl. Mary ,;. i . ■.,■• Rochi!, John B. ■ 1. ; - .. 1 I'iiiui'ttc, William • ' Mi , '; ' > r !'ii|iictt. Mary '■' ' IVpiu. Sophia • ' ' ■ riper, Joseph ^' ' .', '■ Remillard, Theophohs Roussian, John Roleow, Theresa Roy, Peter - 1 . , 1 ■ . ■ ' 1 ,1 1 I'licf, JIargaret ' i ' IVlotte, Ignace ''• . • '•■' iVliitte, Alexis ' '■ rii|iu'tte. La Louise ' ' '• i'liiui'tte, Francis ■■-''' ' ' _ ■ Roy. Alexis Russell, Sophia Roy, Margaret Ross, Jennie Rivier, Elisabeth > , :"-M H l'i(|iu'tt(), John Bte. ■ r Roy, Pierre ^M raiil. Lizer . -. ' ■ Rou.ssain, Justine ■ ' -'- V 'li H IVllicau, Louise ■ ■,-,'i Rouuie, Susan " l' ■ ,: H IVclmie, Francoise ■ >• ■ Ronnie, William ■I ,1' H I'anin, Cliarlotte ' •■•-■■'■-•' Roume, Jeane Bte. H Pcirter, Dnaue ' ' ' ' • Rt)ss, Margaret ! H rrit'ourt, Andrew , •' ■'; Roy, Philomen ' . H rcliin, William ■,■,.•. Reashe, Susan .! H I'imd, Augustus '■''• •■ ' Reashe, John B. ■' * ' ' ! H I'diid, Louis ■ ■ ' ■ ' '!'■ !■■ Reashe, Emily .. .' - H iVll;y, Victory ; ' . : < Roy, Cecile r ' H I'icMni. Loui.se 7 ; ./ h • Ruds, Rosette " ■■■ . H i'icnnl, Margaret • • ' •'• > ■ . - ■ Roy, John A. _ • H r:c:ud, I'aulet •■.'■' ■ ' Rous.sain, Charles H i'lTaiilcau, Marie '■ -< Robidoux, John Bte. "■-' H iVraiitfiiu, Joseph, sr. . ' • . - Ronds, Louis = 1 H i'luddu, Jean Bte. • '■ ' Rondon, Catharine ■ , • • H iViaiitL'au, Izaliella '•' Recalle, Rosalie H IVianti iui, John B. ' ■ Recalle, Mary H IVraiitfiiu, Marie Roy, Margaret E. H IViaMtinu, Joseph, jr, Richard, Joseph ^1 iVraiiti'itu, Louis Rainville, Francoise H IVrantuau, Siwau Roy, Michael H I'l'iiUitcau, Angelic Roy, Sophia ■ , ' ' ^M I'ipiii. Margrct ' Rogers, James H raiisicu, Pa,seal Roussain, Charles E. H I'laiit, Marie Rashe, Peter H I'iieaux, Catharine Richard, Susan H I'liii', Charlotte Richard, Joseph, jr. .■ H I'arks, Julio Richard, Margaret H IVmiitt'iiux, Celestic Rashe, Sivier H I'liaiiteaux, Josette Rashe, Mary H I'eltioi, Marie Roy, Antoine H IV'ltii'r, Susan Ras,sett, (Jeorge ■ I'niiicau, Joseph, jr. - Rasset, Marie H I'nincau. Joseph, sr. Ross, Margaret H I'iitias, Ellen ' . . , lienville, Margaret ' H I'lifaiix, >h)niquc Renville, Francois, sr. H Vnatosf, Joseph Rousaint, Francois ' H 'Viiiiiii, Mary L. Richard, Charlotte ' i ' 1 t.'iuiM], Wiliium L. Rui,Tliereso ■,.' ' ,-:*••: ;-:, „>'., . ., . -i • . : •■ ''a ■ ••;- • ■■*??" '^'^':? ■^-^•v'.'>-r''^/'^V;' ' '^•- ••■■■■■ .".fk?."*.' . » " ^JP' 1 i.* • '•'/i ■■■■•■■ ,1 ,.•_ .-.. 1- .3 i*'''"v- "I ••V-V.V!- ■■;'. .-r^-V. ^ .•.♦;■■ ■■t---..^M .'.■*>] ' .'; it ■.'■ ^ . ■' .' ' ■ I r, ;>VV, ■. r^ J ,.■.,■ .-1 ■"■■■:. ^■■•;'^.^ r- • • ;*% ■ ■, . •- .'■ ^-■%^- ■;.i.»r*: .■ ..I •••■'..;■:•• I i.iL ■;•■•/■, ■• I ,■(■!« 28 CHIPPEWA IIALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. :5.--«j Koi, Francois RidliiU'd, RuHiilio .Solicr, Paul .SoluT, Mary, (widow.) at. John, John B. St. Jobn, Francis Sayro, Jolni Sutiici'IaiHl, iHadoro Slater, Alexander Samuel, Morrison M. Samuels, Jane Saraiuant, James Stilhvell, Nancy B. Spears, Julia A. Sweet, Eli/abetU Sweet, Cell a Steet, Mary Sliaw, Charlotte Stafford, Mary J. Shaw, Jlnrie Sutherland, Julia Sheaver, Therossa Slieryen, Emily Sheryea, Oliver Slieryea, Magdaliue Sloan, Mary St. Clair, Josetto St. (iernniin, Joseph St. Germain, John Bte. St. Germain, William St. Germain, Mary Spenee, William Sonre, Edward Saiiscouce, Pierre St. Arnaud, Edward Sayre, Elisabeth Sliiter, Alexis Severt, Marjjaret Soyard, Louis, sr. Soyard, Louis, jr. Soyard, Peter, sr. Soyard, Peter, jr. Sayert, Joseph Saycrt, Louis San son sis, Augustine San son sis, Pierre San son sis, Michael Soyard, Madeline Smith, Louis Smith, Emily Sire, Marie Sire, George Small, Nancy Small, William Shaboyer, Louise Smith,, loscph Smith, Mary Stroticr, Antoine Sinclair, Catherine Sinclair, Thomas Sinclair, .lames Sire, Mad<>line Sanderson, David Saint Germain, .Josette Sayies, Francoise Sutherland,, lames R. Soyard,, Joseph Soyard, Jost')>h, jr. Slater, Thomas Slater, Maria Slater, William Slatter, William Totrochard, George Tremble, Elisabeth Truckey, Francis Trei)anier, .Joseph Thompson, Matilda Tanner, John Tenpin, Mary Tenpin, Genevieve Traverse, Genette Turpin, Cecilia Turpiu, Josette Turpin, Angoli(|ue Turpin, Baptiste Tur])in, Jose])h Turpin, AmabcU Turpin, Francis Tanner, James Tanner, Margaret Tanner, Mary Troegner, Rosalie Taylor, William Taylor, Mary Tibault, Ellen Twicatte, Vital Visnean, Francis Visnean, John B. Vanderneter, Peter B. Vantassell,Wm.E. Vasseur, Joseph Visner, Isabel Victory, Lucy Vanase, Nancy Vali, Jo.seph Vali.Tousant Vali, Louise Velneure, Angelic Vivier, Louis Vivier, Francoise Vivier, Genevieve Vandall, Louis Vandall, Izabclla Vivier, Josette Veaudrie, Mary Anne Vondrie, Tousaint Vilbrin, Louis Vilbrin, Louise Plouf Vincent, Fraufoise Vincent, Marie Voiidal, Antoine Voudal, Benjamin Voudall, Margret Vcmdall, Marie Vouilall, Mai'grefc Warren, Mary Warnui, George P. Warren, William Wiley, William Whitesides, Wni. M. White, Moses White, Joseph Walcot, Marianna WarrcMi, Sophia Warren, Truman A. Williams, Isabel Wren, Louise Warner, Mary E. 1' U|'\l CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 29 ffiiiiiuT. Nancy A. UVlls, I/iil)L'lla Wells, Eihvai'd Wliito, Julia Wray, F. Aiiuio Young, Peter ;,!.•<.,; ■■.-.' .i ;i^I ,-■11. B. list of (ippUentions for scrip, under treaty of Sepiemhcr 30, 1854, fled bif itttdrncys, before the special commissio7i, of which Henry S. Nial icas cJiuirmdii. A/iMv, Oiiczinio O. A/iirc, ilfiicvieve A/iiiv, C'luoliue A/iiif, ricrro A/iiic, Ci('ile A/iiri'. (ialiriol, sr. A/iMf, Lii Hollc Autoiuo A/urc. ].a Hollo Marie A/iin'. l.M Hollo Gabriel Aiktii, C'liilda Aiki'ii. Cliilda A;:alf, William Aiiitc, Jd.set Aniliii, Jonaco Aiiiliii, Miu'ic Ail;ini, Avrliaugo Aiiili-rsiin, I'jlizaheth Archaiiibcaii, Mary Aiiniistiii, Gt'uovieve Alhiirie, Andrew Alhiii'k', Mary Alhiirii', Antoine Allen. Josi'idiiuo Amcll, Cliarlotte .WmT, Miivgarot Aiki'wase, Arhedasli Aniistroiij;', Madeline Alhiric, Micliel Ailiiins, (Jcorgo Aiiiiiiti', Mary Blair. Mary Auu Hmi. Fivtl, A. Hivlaiid, Sanson iiaki'i-, Aii;i('liuo Diiker, Xiiiicy baker. Jdhu Bilker, George Biliii. KlizMlifth iiiive. William Biiiiiet, Aiiil)ro.so Bniiiette. Louis Briic'diiior. .Sarah liiiiniU'diiier, Pauline Biiiiidcdiiier, CatLeriuo Briere. Margaret BiiiwM. Mary Btiurcier, Madeline Bi'imdieiiiin, Marie li<:iiuiifiiiin,Pliil()uien Biiiialiciiiiii, Eniely Bniuclieuiiii, Clourice B'lair, Lucy [*|'l"ii}.'ja, .lo.seph BW(mj.|ia, Levi "islliip, .loliu I'l'lwiKlia, Mary BaptiHte, Francois Uaptiste, Madeline Hagage, Antoine JJnsli, Euiniay llrnuelle, Angelic Braudcouier, .Jose]diino Hrandeouier, Sarah IJerger, liiirnard Berger, Pierre, jr. Berger, .Judith Begon, Peter Belleo, .fames Bird, Peter Bernard, Eli.se Benoit, Antoiuo , Bouault, ^Larion Bauchez, Frances M. Belouger, James Berard, Julio Berard, Sarah Berard, Mario Belineuer, Elizabeth Belineuer, Dcdpliine Belhunieiir, Catherine Bourette, Marie Belgard, Madeline Belgarde, Louise Berger, Amab E. Berger, Pierre, sr. Braua, Eliza Brunette, Battes Brouea, Sophia Banae, Elizeu Belleo, Peter Berard, I'ierre Blair, Antoine Blair, Margueretto Blair, Angeli<{ue Blair, Alexander Blair, Edward Brana, Nalutt Brana, Mary Brunait, Mary Bellanger, Mary Bellanger, Mary Bellanger, Paul, jr. Bellanger, Paul, sr. Bellanger, Charlotte Bellanger, Elizabeth, Boier, Catherine Boier, Angeliijue Boier, Mary Boier, Jeanette Boier, Emily Boier, Susaue Curie, Louise (I,. ' 1 '■■'^'<-'^:i > ' . ■ 1 \ , „• .'*'• .'.■ *■ if ^ ■ m , -h'.':!;----'ai4,.i, .... "VtI- ■■ '■.■'.•..'•■ ■ -I -i •. - ^,*" V ' 'pit. • - I ' .i,Jt: ■'■I*'. !, .; ; • .-l '.'■■ ■.'i^i'i-"* ■ "f^ ■'■■> 'l / ■■.- k ■ - -■ . . -' I ■• ; • ■■/•... ^ ■•.;>. V'.r'i i-.y- ■'■, ,/;oY|:>;,-,v.i.,^. ■:■ •. '•t^'^--^-'2^v- '' '■' I v*:?'/.-.' "- ■ N ;•,■■■•■ I -■ . 4 t*; ■ ■ ■ »■ r ,■'.■. I t::, ■::■.v••>•••.^s^:'•/^. .■■■I ' V"' ^ . -. . , -^ . '/■'*• ■■■ifr»i 30 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR, i Clinrron, Cclia M. (Jliiuroii, Emily •'■ Cl()iitlii(!r, Ciitheriiu' Comsollf, Jaiio Ciuiible, Mary CliHit'ttii, Josoph Chcnetto, Mary Collin, UotHcy Caricrc, Aiidnnv E. Carrier, .Tcimieve C'ollot, Pliilonuni Coiistaiitinu, Elizabeth Cota, Pi'tor Capbit, Isabella Caj)l('t, Sarnpliiiie CliaboiUioy, Charlotte L. Chaboillit-y, Kachol Cbaboilelly, Francis Cliaboilellyo, Nancy Colonilje, Francois Callonts, iHbell Callon(?, John Coverett, Edward Charont*, Marione Cloutier, Marie Cakenvasb, Silea Collin, Antoino Collin, Mar:,■!■.*•' iiiiuii :.;la ■ ■:' !.w''l. 1,1 .',^1, Ilnniliii, Ani.1 llainliii, Marj Unlet, NiiMcy lliilft.Mary I^liistcr, Mari- jiinlaiic. Pete Jiinnic, Jost!ii joliii.siMi. Mar; ,liinl,nii,('harl Jiiiilaiii, Madi .lariiaii, Susan jHiirdain, Mai Ki'|ieiian.ja, Sii Lii'tiiimnier, h Livingston, Ci Liirc'rt,.Jos(!ith ; ,.. ..,, Liiiilfy,. James ,,..: ,, Ldiidrue, Feter .,' Liiiulray, LoiUH . t ( Lti|iii<;e, Miclieal ■ ■ ; ■ Ldinbor, Sophia Lair rire, Sophia LaPiiiiite, John La Tranche, Elizabeth La I'oiiite, Margaret LaTiaiiche, Marie La Tranehe, Charles LaTnuiehe, Paul La Koquc, Andrew Lal'miic, Louis Laramie, Peter La H(i(nie, .Joseph La Tranche, Peter Laviicrere, Tlierc;so La Tranche, Josapheuo Francis La Kock, La Rosti La Rock, Aiitoine Larock, Margaret • ■•" r'.,, Margaret Larojk, Elizabeth Laidck, Oliver La l\'(ii|ne, Julia La liiH|iii-, Pierre LaK(](|ue, Marie LaK(i(iue, Sophia La l{u(iiie, Josette Lis|ii lauc^, Sarah LMpuriiiico, Margaret Lisiiiraiice, Julie Li'Siicrauce, Louisa '" , I ' I no- I licsperuiice, Madeline LesjieraiKM', Sophia Le Due, Elizabeth La Point!!, Rosalie Laviallet, Genitive Laviullet, Pholoiiieii Longtiii, l)(;linia Lavalle, IJrsnlis Laval le, Marie Lotendre, Marie Letendre, Sophia Letendre, Ellen Letendre, Aiig I , •A.' »■" !.3l S- ''■'1 .K'^-'.-v^*^*;! ■ l ■■'■■ '/.i'.i'.ii. .s!iir:| r.'.vv;.-'-.. ;.;:J.''^'-'' ■ ■'. r,'''«r'-- ' V^' v ).■ -I , .'•'■»''•:■ • '-'Li"'- ■ ' 1. > ■„.)/-■•;'•"■•• ■■'■ ■J '.- > !" ■■>: ■''■,'■■ Ji'S^I CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. III':'' P<»tinn. Pctnr Potwcll, Mari^arot Pickiinl, Paul I'ai'aiiti'.'in, PranvoiH I'cikiiis, Murj^aift, i'laiit, Lo\un Pioiix, Paul l'a)j«'r, Adflnidc I'iclit't, FiiiiiviMH J'iclH't. Nosctt Piclift.Jcaii H'to I'iclit't, Nancy Pi<'ln't,(J('()rf;»' l'icli«!t,>SiiMau IMcIii't.Mary Picli.'t.Paiil Ki).v,Lalu3 '' Koy, .JaiiUiH Hoy, Nancy U<)i,.liilia Hoy, (loorgo l{()\v(l,.I()liu Hire, .Folin " h'ici', .Sarah l\*asli((ii,Cliarli)tti' l{iiH(-cll, Sarali l\'()H(l»'aii, CaroliiR' Kolmiri", Felix Renville, Haptistc h'»<»iix,Jnlia Roy, Pranvoirt JJ'tc Hare, .Snsan iSiirc, JoNclto iit. Denis Jaoqne St. Denis, Ru.'saliu Six, .lano Sivan, Mary Sivan, Catharine Satmtware, Cathariiu! Sharlonw, Mary Ann Smith, Ellen Smith, James Shanks, Battis Spence, Henry Spence, Eliza St, Clair, Mary Siiu-lair, Joset Sinelnre, Amellia Sin(!lare, Lonisa Sa';etons, Shabarkom Saj^i'tous, Shabourtc Sanson, Baset Semetein, Mary Lonisa Shiifjota, Adakani Sheryea, Peter Sjiiner, Elisha St. lY'ters, Francois. (,ir ■i.JJ ••S"H. ,•■ ';!lt(i ,1 1!'--!!!'. 'Id iJil / . iJ!l- ' • ■.■Pi;!' J)ji' .'lull ) .-U'lfU tfJliH>»! !«'liifi-i(:l/ .iMij>«4/if .• Kllll*,,-/I!'li i!- ,;; 'fiLi'iil ,,(!?'>' "I'l f ' - .Ilfi/ .- . •,!i'.-.') . lUiTfH ,■-,■ i: ., : t-i"(lil. hu!T,;h ..:i!t!l^ .\- '!-iHi>'.i ,'.!.' I "-7 ! I 111 J I ,ii-rii .■i,,< !i Hi ; M i •. St. Peters, Mary St. Oerniaiti, TJieresa Tan^o, J«wepli,(Mnllro) Tiionnis, Margaret TiiomaH, Franeis Toiiran»l,Jean B'to Taylor, Alexander Turpin.JoHetto Tate, John Tate, Peter Toutersho, Louise Tifanlt, Veronio Tranihly, Mary Tanner, Charlotte Urisone, Parifero Uher, Madeline Vapenr,-Jane, (Lapointe) Vivi(!r, Anj{elic Valle, Maria Vallt!, Louise ' Vallez, Madelaino Vallc/-, Louis '' Vallez, Phollomon Vallez, Jennette P, Vandue, I'eter Vandue, Pattiso Vayant, Madeline Vayant, Mary Vayant, Louisa Vayant, Therese Villeneuvo, Josetto Villeueuf, Anjjeliiiuo Vilneuve, Cutlihert Villineuf, Marj^aret Vilandrier, Cecilia Victory, Ursulo V'.'. i ,M.i5 A/iil'i', iMabel ''■; i{<';lill'i'.i;al'il, . Ilrniiinl, I'ilis lliili'V, 1,1a l»el i!- ':%.■.' V ' ' lliiini'llo, liOi 'HVi;:-':' Ui lli'liiMii't, She ;i '.I'lt'ii! a)-..-.!;- linilli'flr, Jos i • H:u'- !■' i,-n. ll.iiiiM, .Mai'gii :r,,.M . / •■A-„ llii-lii'V, .lo.sei i:<(i-. llnisVl'I't, SlISI )If;;i|iii'l, Mai IViinrn'M, Mm '. .->> 1 I'liiiiiiiiiinl, 'I" rifi..:. ,' 'Miiii'ni I'linllillllI'd, .Jl mil., '^ . Inciiiii, .'\nnit (ii;-M.. 1 .'■ Ciivivl, Made (.'iilli'ii, Lizzii ti.V;u,l/ ' ■■•I...L ('aiii|ilii'll, Ma ' i!l.^. .:U. >!■.., (jiiili, Margar r.ny • t .A<», ('(ink, Lsaliclli HI . .1. ..i-,... (link, ,l(i.sctt Coliti, Itclsey ijiirii'i|i:i •1 j-jiiii Cqilct, S.Ta'pl iJfi-.v'i. ■ilti'.;.! Uiai'ctlf, J()S( iilJlllr. .'.".ii.n::.. CiiiM'tiiz, Carol i .i !»,'ii' ,;i;-nfi!i Ciiriliiial, Brid ...;/.•.•.■! ;.:iH;i;. (.■'iiiitlialcnnt!. il'.h.il . ':.:(l'l.l "' I'l'liiMiais, He ■'r ■ Hiijuas, Siisian Diiiiii'l, Marie 1 . i : ■ ■ ' I i u. ■'.'!■• Itavis, .Mary I'i'ifiti'aii, isal ■uw: if ;.','li;ii' 1 I'l'iniii'ais, Mai ''i.ijij.I •t'.-:V ', y Hfiiiai'ais, Mai ' '''^41 ■'* ■'' :.r:;,ii 1 IdMiiarais, .Mai ■ .,:-i: •. :ii .» :." liiil'linn.u', M 1'il.:;t 1 i •■■'•Id'-' . , (i'i'i:' . 1 1 :' l>"liinii,.Marga Iii'lnnii, Aiigeli liii('liiir!M(',M 7" ! ( " l'a(i|iliiiiay. Mi iJiiisf, Isalii'lla I'li'illi'y, .Marga I'li'ilcrick. Mar fj ■ I ''i(ini(iii,,liiliu Int of (ijtpli l'"«'liii«, HUen IV Lima is, llel, "liit.Ailcliiie biiiiutlc, A. J. .'5 II B CHIPPEWA HALP-HREEOS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 33 . J". .! ii i r.li... ,, 1 1.1 . ' A'i.tU VI 111', i.'Cii i' lit' '1. -. .«i ! r.Til'.:. ,' ' '■n\\i "iiii, . ,"M ,|,^''W..' f 1 111 •; r- 1 ! .. ■ '! •I-' , t'i ■ M<)!:il'' ■)■' • 1' !< iltMil]!-' < ,1'J t ■ 1'. ■11) 1 w.! ;,:;lM I-'- -ill /,wf «/ iippUvationHfor nvrip under treaty of September 30, 18.")4, talen hi/ li. F. CroiceU, tlnited StatcH spevidl (U)ent, in IHHK Aik;n. Sliiiwo AiLiii, Au'iwiiiH Atkins, Mary A/iirc, Miiry A/iii'i'. IhiiIihIIii lli;iiinj;iiiil, SiiHiin llinianl, Klisi^ lilllry, I.-iillll'llll lliniirlli), LoiiiKii llflllMll't, SIh'j^iki Drmii'tli', .loHctto lUii'ii, .Miir;,'ari't |lll«l|('V, .lllHfttH lUptislr, .Mailflinc ll.iisvcrt, Siisiin Bi|iii-l, iMiU'ijiirot IVaiil'ivs, Miirio Climiiniinl, 'roii.saint I'linllillilI'd, .Illllll I'lnMIIII, Allllio (llVlVt, MiHlelilll! (.'iilli'ii, Liz/i(! Ciiiniilicll. Margaret Ciiiili, Miirj-'arct I'diili, Isiilii'lla I .ink, .l(isi'lt(i I .uilM'iiii, I'liiloino Ciiilot, .l(i.s(^tt«) I'nlin, Angelic (.'iilin, Iti'tscy I iiplct. St'iapliiiiu Uiiirctic, .lowctto ('nmt;i/,('iii"i>liii(! ('iiiilitiMl, Uridfict (''iiiii'liiiii'iiiK-, Mariu 111' Lciiais, Utileii iHiniis, Sii.siana liiinicl, Mariu Davis, Mary iiii'iili'iiii, iHaiiellti iii'iii;iniis, Marjiamt lirinariiis, Margaret I'liiianiiH, Margaret I'M (.'liimiii', Madcrliiie D'liinn, Margaret iii'liinii, Angelic I>ii('iiai!iic, Margaret l'aii|iliiiiiiy, Marie Diasf, Isiilii'llii t'iiiiiii'.v, Margaret FiiMlciick. Mary liiiinuiii,, Julia' I lull Ml ,1 t..^ I Goslin, Angelic ' Grant,. Jimette I Grunt, Maria 1 GranilholHc, .Josette I Gladsort, .Julia I Hamlin, AnuU)lo I Hinil, Kniilie ] Hujil.iienevievo Keitland, Margaret La Fond, Marie Laverdnre, Angelic Laipiet, IMira/ine L'lv[nier, Marie, (mother.) La li()(|ue, Marianne L'Eiiuier, .Josette Livingston, Margaret La ItoMe, Helen Letendre, Julia La Fontain, Henrietta Lanzie, Nancy Lepine, Cecile Magnus, .Susan McArthnr. .Susan .S. Maron, Margaret JIaron, Marie Mason, Margaret Marcluind, >iargaret Martel, Eliza Nolan, Isal)ellii Perish, Sarah Perrault, Susette Potrat, Catherine Perrault, Madelint; Quintanl, Charlotte Kusscll, Margaret Kochon, Charlotte Kochou, Isabella Shell, Margaret Spenee,.I()Nt!tte Sayer, .Su.sette Sere, Cathernie Sonteur, Catherine Tanclair, .Josfitte Tauclair, Margaret Thomas, Marie Tlioniua, Veronicu Vilbrnin, Archango Vivier, Emeuielia Viviir, Angelic Valler, Marie Vine, Marie Vandall, Phrusine Lhtof (iitpUmtions for scrip filed in Indian Office by R. F. CroweU. Oeto- ■ ber 18, 1871. I'liwliiig, Hllen IVhdiiais, Helen Hl•i^l, Ailcliue I.aiiiiutic, A. .1. .'5 II IJ S La Ront, Leanore Mathews, Angelina Heirs of Josephine Murtell im '. ■* •:. .. >■■■ ' ■ »h' '*.T s ••.:'>'.i.«?-v-t,'A,v.>i»'.j.;.;a ■■■•"^-^rV^:;'.- ■..^■.•lF.^:'fc,-?^-i♦'•' .1 - . ;.■'.»■■•. '•»-■•.- ■! '•1'i^ '•'.■■' v"i '.;"(*<■ ., I '■•;••■■ ■•, ' •■ •. vi.«'.;,^.v J ■ ■* " •■.•".•..■••..■ '■ ■ • ■:■» .V'V* ••• ' <•' *•• .•.. . •:-■■■■£■•■!■ :ir:'-^-.'C' ■ . ;J •J '• ■.»• i'«*' r)r»m .•.■.■.=*'.•■-' - fta -t}- It ■ ■.: » •■ s r' ' '■■■);• ■ ■'••■ ■;■! ; t .. ■;*. * '<« /•,■■ ^^..:^.^••:r■.{.i•.t| ;•..•■, .'■.;'. ."'. -■ :,'V-i' 11 34 CHIPPEWA HALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. l*f< 'ti mm Lint of api>licati(>ns /<»• scrip under treaty of September .'30, 18."»4, tahn hii the xpeeial eommiHsion of which Henry S. Nenl wan ohairmun. Aiuliii, Miuy JoliiiHoii,.Tn«otte Aitkeii.W. L« K<)ilu«, Mary t Btiliiii>{('r, Paul 1 . ( i • ■ , La Pieiro, AntoiiH) hi .X .-•./I Hininii.OtioiKo - ,,ti ' t. ■ ., ^•..l La Prairie, .Idlni ' "'■*''',■' 1 li, ■,!, UolKunU', Mnrjjarcr -■nil Mil '■!..,•. 1 Mason, Mainavot ' ' '*MI 'li ' < l;4.'. ]3at().slic, Jiiliii 1 1..I l/'I'l- l,(> •, Moiitriel.Marsarot "' 'lUlO ; ;' i" t> Ciulotte, Miiiy Ann J 1 I ' MoriiHoii, Maggii* CologixS Jost'tti- / J I.' (1< It MonJHon.Ddiiald G. Cajih-tte, IsjiUfllii ■ Saycr, JoHL'tte 1 Dejfiinlon. Paul -i".' -'it:; Veriuet, Margaret ' .>,»..■., lU i Flauinu(l,Maif^art't .i.|..r (. ■.i".i'- Valley, Lizette "1 " ■ )l 111' ■.•«in I'iau, J(iN(!lt« -.,1 ,;:..., 1 Welkley, Aiiiatt 'M' J/ 1 'l'. , "' MMIl »/ Henry Heard, esq., attorney. Azure, Angelio " Azure, Ailelaido Azure, Margaret lieauchainp, Angelic IJoivert, Susan Bouquet, Margaret HelLunieur, Josette BelLunieur, Josette Monet JSelliunieur, Mnilelaine Brillniit, Josette Boutineau, Francoi.se L. CLarrette, Bridget L'hanipaigne, Marie Cadot, Mary Ann Curtaz, Caroline Dumas, Charlotte Delornie, Angelic Delornie, Sarah Delornu', I.sahella . , Delornie, Margaret Dupie, Mary Ann Dease, Lueie Dease, Isabella Frederick, Adelaide Fagand, Josette Gladue, Madeline Gladue, Leo Cadie Gladue, Catherine Grant, Jen vie vro Grant, Julia Harmon, Margaret Hiimliu, JUarie Jeanvene, Marie Latuelle, Margaret Laverdue, Eliza Laudrie, Mario Laroque, Marie Lat'romboise, Josette Langie, Margaret Lai'ontaiuo, Henrietta Morrou, Josette Martel, Rosalie Montour, Marie Morain, Margaret Parisien, Margaret Parisien, Ciiarlotte Pelit, Angelic Pelit, Catherine Pelit, Margaret Poitras, Marie Poitras, Catherine Pareteau, Josette Paquenamh', Margaret Ritchat, Susan Ritchat, Margaret St. Arneau, Philomeue Sasarite, Judith Sutherland, Josette Smith, Charlotte Tetrault, Nancy Troque, Margaret Wilkey, Amelia , , Wilkey, Louise Wilkey, Isabella Wilkey, Marie Wallet, Josette Wallet, Angelic Wallet, Marie •i'r{A ■ '■■J I "I i: tr. I.'.t4;(| '■'■]■'• List of applications for scrip, under treaty of September 30, ISoi, filed i« Indian Office November 8, 1871, by Henry Beard, attorney. Ducept, Angelic Dusianne, Marie Grant, Josette Lawrence, Madeline Morrisette, Elleu Riehot, Rosalie Paquin, Jeunieve CHIPPEWA TIALF-BREKWS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 35 \n\^'^>,\'■^^y^^'^ ritllTKWAA Ul- I.AKK Sl-p|-.niOR. '^f^tUV- \'>> > AV>. >\'* ( Trviitji of Stiithmher -W, 1^54, tirticle 2, siihlivision 7.) 1,1',, ■ Kiiili lu'iul of It family or Miuwle p«rMcm over t\vt (if tlii^ inixi-il-lilootls l>ttliii)u;>>)K '^* tlioCliipiiuvviiNuf Lttki'tr lands located by virtue thereof ^luiil be issued directly to the above-named reservee, or his or her heirs, and shall in iiowis(3 inure to the beuetit of any other person or persons; and that the object aud imrpose of this certificate is to identify the said above-named as one of tb(! persons entitled to the benefits of the provisions of the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty aforesaid. Given under my hand aud the seal of the Department of the Interior this day and year above written. Commhiiioiivr, .\\ b: Xii. Depautment of the Ixtekioh, Office of Indian Affairs, Waxhiiigton, 1). C, Autfmt '.il, 1808. I liereby certify that , of , has furnished evidence satisfactory to lliis Department that is oue of the persoua referred to iu the sevouth clause of • '■''*- ''1 • 'I :'■ . '.;"-.'-.f ! •■'' 1 V •'.'■, ■:r>' ;»» ■':. ii Hfi CHIPFKWA IIALK-UKKKIKS OF F.AKK SUPERIOR. Kiciiiiil iii'ti*:l«M>(' tin; tn-iity condiKlrd lictNVftii tlm United iStiiti'H iiiiil tli<> ('lii|i|H'\\;i liiiliiitiN. of linkn Siii»'i'ior, iiihI llii» MiNsi.sMi|>|ii, Sf|i»iimlicr \W, IH.")!. wliiih siviiinii rlMiisr of Hiiiil lutirlt' of >aiil ti't'iily iHaH|oUo\^N, vi/. : ■• I'lU'li IicimI of a fniiiil.v oi NiiiKl** p«i>toii ovtT t\Vfiit>-oiii' yfiiiH of ««•• at tlic luoHt'in tiiiii', of till' iiiixcd-lilooilH, lii'loiiKJiii; to llie (:|ii|i|MnvaN of Lako Huiii^inr, nIihH Iii'i.;,. titled to ci^lity acres of land, to lie heieeted liy tiielii under tile dileetioli of the Pjimj di'iit, and wliieli hIiiiII lie Neciired to tlieiii Wy (lateiit in tlio ii»iiiiil fonii," And that the wiiid in entitled to eighty iumcm of land, an therein prd- \ided, and that ii|)on the |ii'eHeiitation of thin eertilUate ut a lociil lund-oDlie l|j|vi||^ JMiii-dietion, will lie eiitith-d to select from any of the viicaiit lands, sni'vcyvil uf ini!«iirveyed, wiiicli were ceded to tlio United States liy the said treaty of .Sepn nilm '■'<>. Ir^.'i4, eighty ncres ot lund, und a puteut iliull he iuHued to in the nsiiui I'lirni therefor. This certilicale is not assifiiiulile, and it is expressly declared that any sale. traiislVi, iiiortKiiK''- !iHsi)i;ninent, or plcd^i) thnieof, or of any ri>{ht Hccrniiif^ under it, will not he nconnized a." valid liy the United Htates, and that the oliject ol this certilUatc ii [„ iili'iitify the said atiove-nained as one ot the persons entitled to tin; Ihmi- etit of the provisions of the seventh «'laiise of the second article of the ti'cnt,\ atbiv- said. (dven nnder my hand on the day and year iirst ahove written. I'ommimoiii: r, i\ So. — . Di-,i',\irrMi:NT ov tiik Intkrkih, Oki'Ick (U' Imhax Aii'.vius, Wmhiiiijloii, J>. C, yorvDiber 17, IHftr. 1 liereliy certify that , of , has fiirnishod evidence Hutisfuetory to this Department that i^ one of the persons referred to in the seventli cliiiisi' of the second article of the treaty conelnded between the United States and tluiCliip- l»'wa Indians of Lake Superior and the Mississippi, Septeinlier ;{(), l*'i4, which Niveiitli clause of said article of said treaty is as follows, viz : ; ■• Kach head of a family or sinjile person over twciiity-one years of ajje ivt the iirt'Sfiit time, of the mixed-liloods, lielonginj;' to the Chippewas of Lake Superior, shall lie en- titled to eighty-acres of land, to he si'lectcd by them under the direction of the rioi (lent, and wliich shall be secured to them liy a patent in the usual form ;" And that the said is entitled to eighty acres of land, as therein pin \ idcd, and that upon the presentation of this certilicate at a local land-ollice Inivin;; jurisdiction, will bo entitled to select from any of the vacant lands, surveyed m luisurvi^ycd, which were ceded to the Unitiid States by the said treaty of Se]ittiiuliir ;'■". lH,"i4," eighty acres of land, and a patent shall be issued to in the usual form therefor. This ccrtilicati! is not assignable, and it is expressly dtsclared that any sale, transfiT, mortgage, assigiimiMit, or pledge thereof, or of any right at!criung under it, will not In M(o<'nizc this Department that - , ot , nas lurnisueu eviuence satis^iacioij i" is one of the jiersous referred to in the seventh clause of tbc u CHIPPKWA IIALF-nRi:F,l)S OF LAKE fltrpRRIOR. n? I'ommimomr, Commissioiit)'- Conmif'^iow. (.rniid lutii'li' «>f tlic tmity eoiii'ltidod lii«tW4«iii flm IFnitfd 8tnt('K and tlio CLi|i|)f\vu IiiiliiiiiH of liiik«> Sn|MTittr mid flu* Mis«iHHi|»)>i, s.-pttMiiln'i- :I0, IHi'it, wliicli i«iv«ntli ilmiKi' III' sjiiil iii'tii'lr of Htiid trnity Ih as follown, \ i/ : •' Kiiih linidofa fiiinily, (>rHiiinli> p<>i>*, iif till' inixiMl-liloodH, liitloii^iii); to tin- (/'lM|ipiSiipui'ior, .shall 1»' Hiititli'il to ('i>{lity iicrcH of land, to Jio Hulcctt'd liy tlit'iii uixler the dirctitiuii of tliD I'lVHlilriit, and wlilrli Nliall Ixt Nt'cnrcd to tliitiii liv {lattMit in tlin imnikl foiiii ;" And tliiit till' Hiiid in I'niith'd • ciKti'y iirn-H of land, an fluTidii pro- \ii|i'il. anil lliat npini tint )>ri>Mt'ntiit Ion of this . rtillcatt* at a lorikl lunil-otlico liiiviii^ jiiriHiliction, will hiwiitillrtl to Hi'li'ct from any of tlti> vacant lands, hiu'viwimI or msiirvi'Vi'd, which wen' codi'd to the rnitcd States l»y the suid triiaty of Septeinliei 10, l-'il: oi, as decided l>y the Secietiiiy (d the Interior, jiiuler date of Oitoher 'i" 111(1 ■j',1, |s(p', the party to wiHiin this certitieate is isHiied will also lie perniilted lo W:\tv tlie same upon lands within the limits of the territory ceded to the Iftiitid Siiitisliy the second article of the tieatv lietween the United States and the Ued I.,ake ind rniiliina hands of (;iii|)pewas, of Octoher 'i, Ml):i, or within Ihii limits of the terri- imy iimIciI hy the lirst article of the treaty lielwecn the I'nited States and the (;iiii>- |M«iis of file Mississiiipi of May 7, Hiird to ill the nsnal I'orni therefor. Ill flic event of selections liciii;; made wit hill the limits of either of the three last- laiiii'd districts of coiiiitry, and npon iinsiirveyed lands, the lioimdaries of such selic- Miiiis iiinst he adjnsteil ill conformity with the lines of tlie ollieial surveys when the Mini' siiall he made. Tills certilii^ate is not ussii^nahle, and it is expressly declared that any sale, traiisi'er, :iiiiir;jaf;e, assiy;iinieiit, or pledjje tiiereof, or of any ri^lil accniiiijr under It, will not lie :.iiii;iii/i'd as valid hy the United States, and that the object of this certitieate is to Mentit'y the said ahove-nanied as one of the persons ontitled to the In ii- itit of the ]U'ovisions of tliu seventh clau.s» of tho uucund artich; of the treaty alore- iiiiil. (iiveii under my hand on tho day and your lirst ahovo written. t'ommiimioiii r. (iii'i No. 1. .11. 1 I , II,! Dki'.vktmhnt ok TiiK Intkkiok, Oii'ifK oi' Indian Aki'.\ii{s, June 15, If^.'ji'i. Sir: I have to acknowledKO tlie receipt of your letter of tlu' yth instant, relatiii;n to rwrvafiiins of hind for the Chippewa Indians, iiiuler the treaty of .Septeiiilii.'r last,aiid iiiiiliiiii; certain 'in|uiries re};ariliii;j; the constriictioii proper to he placed upon the scv- Hitli siihdivision of the second article of that treaty. In reply to your inijiiiries, I answer alliriiiatively the three lirst stated liy yon, that. :!■*■' facli head of a family or Hiiigle jHrnon over twenty-one years of ii>;e " is entitled, fe- iiiiilcs onr iwnitii-onebvbifi niniitepcrxfuiKfiiH well as kwi/oic**, htMii of families, come within ilii'fii'iily inovisiou; anil that the toriii " inixed-hloods " has heeii coustriieil to uiuau ;ill who are ideiititied as having a mixture of ludiaii and white blood. The piniiciilar proportion of each blood is, therefore, iiniiiatcrial, where the provision i-si) limad as that stateil in the treaty. .\s rc^jiirds your fourth or las- inijiiiry, whether claimants should be reiiuired to fiir- M-\\ evidence of their rij;ht before you enter their iiauies, I have, to stale that yuii "liimid enter all naiiies that you shall be .satisfied from proper care and inijiiiiy are mnd-hliiiids according to the construction above named, lint as a precautionary inea- siirc. luid to tiiili"iiiay claim under the provisions for luixed-bloods. '-'lire siioMJd be taken to note oi>poslte, each name who the jiersou is, as to parciitajje |'r),'ciiciilof.y. This course will jiroduce a record that will facilitate the action of this "ilici; ill tlie settlement of all cases that may hereafter ociuir wherein ((nestlons of licir- ^liiji luise, and be {fenerally serviceable to the Department. Veiy respectfully, voiii' obedient .servant, GEO. W. MANYl'ENNV. Comiimaioiitr, IlKxitv C. Gii.hkrt, Esq., Indian Agent, Detroit, Mich, : V.-' ' ' .* * . 4' ■ ■K J .. ^^-.fvit..^:^'..;v . "> ' .' ;■• ■ ••••it ».■'..' • ' 1 1 t • '-jj* .<;■•-;?..■■■•. i ■ . '-'."*. 1. .. - ■ • '• ,f4^- ;fJf;^>'5^rr -.■■"i>, ••«->> ■■ ■.**.■••■, I ■•■... *'vS;~:.: r'i; ■; ^-r^-'-.^' i»'*;3---;--.-s.: :f ■■ \ "v ■.'.•■■'^'•.vwj';='*.^v WTn ■■ 4 ♦ •- ■:■■■ 1 .' •■ r •••■ .V. ■ —'f •■'..i ■.•;■.■■.-/■.:*.» I vv ■j V -'^'i ■■■• 11- \~!i • O!) CHIPPEWA HALF-BRKKDS OF LAKE Sl'PERlOR. N(». -i. ,'i .111!, Gkneicai, TiAxn-OFKicK, Fchniarn 2'.], IKfi, Sin : I liave tlio liruior to return lu-rtswith tlic U'tter of the 17tli instant, from Mi. ]f C. CiilluTt, Indian ayeiit, sn<;f;<-'Htinj; the isMiieof wcriji or land ccrtiticateM to tlii' IiKlim,^ ( iititled to land under tlie st'Viuitli section of tlie second article of the treaty witli tlic Cliippewas of Lake Sui)»!rior of theoOth of Sei>teuiber, l'?54, (Unit(!d States Statiitesiit Liirj;e, vol. 10, ])af;e llld.) with a form of certificate, concurred in hy the Coimnissioiu.i of Indian Afl'airs, referreyin}i the same, or in case of its abandonment by them, and may also assij^n other lands in exchange for mineral lands, if any such are found iu the, trads herein set apart," &c. There is no provision \vliat«^ver in the treaty for the hi-<\uuix of na'ip ov haid iTrtific(it(.i, and, in my judgment, there is no law for it. If adoi>ted, even as a temporary expi'dicnt, it seems to me it would be fraught with many evils iu opening the door to s} iiliitimi and irregularities, by creating a sort of Indian prc-(;mptinu tlont, liaiiit; to pas.s, imlj. rectly if not directly, inio other hands — leading to disputes iu ownership, and lluhleto conflicts with settlers. The treaty should be considered as a whole, and iu that oiisi' the provisions, as above ([noted, a])pear to coutemfilate personal ownersliip and po.v session by the Indian, and are designed to guard against any tran.sfer of iiis viijlits befort^ the i.ssuiug of the patent, for it declares that the land '' shall be .secured toflicm by patent." Tilt! ])roppr course to be pursued, in my opinion, is for the locations to be maili' throiigh the Indian agent, under his responsibility as au otti(!cr, after consultiiliDH with the, parties claiming, and in this all intervention of outside int(!rest(Hl ijintiis should be prevented as mueh as possible. The proper instructions could be given tn tile land ol'ticers and the; surveyor-general to indicate and report those selections in advaiu'c of the tiual aitiiroval of the same ; and tluMi, after the selections for the re- spective reservei s ar(i reported to the Indian Bureau, and liiuilly aj)i)roved in sndi a form as will show the name of the reservee and special allotment of his reserve, tlii'ic will lie no diliiciilty, and patents will issue accordingly. I beg leave to add, however, that, if the views herein expressed should not be ai)proved, and it should bt determiued to issut! the scriji, this otitice will issiu' .sncb In- st rui'tiouH to the local ollicers as to facilitate the locations. In any event I beg kavi' to juld, as the opinion of this oftice, that the patents should issue to the rcsorvees, and not to assignees. With great resjtcct, your obedient servant, TIJOS, A, liENDKlCKS. ) CommisHiomr, Hon. Kobi, McCm;i,i..vm), Svcrvtarii of the Iiitirior. Dki'.vi{t.mk: m r Tho foregoing letter was sent to the f)fiHce of Indian Affairs, March 3, 1H.')(), with tlie following nunuorauduiu made by the Secretary of tlu; Interior: " Let niem(Uiui(lnnisbi given Indians as iirojioseil, but with a clause expressly and decidedly against any transfer, mtn-fgage, \-c. Patent be issued to the Itididii, and not in any wisi; to inui' to the benelitof any one but the Iiuliun and his heirs," No. ill" DKI'.Un.MKNT OK THK IXTKIMOI!, Ol TICK i>V iNniAX .\l I'.\ri!S, March VJ, I'^r.li. .Sin : Inclosed I transmit a form of certificate to be issued to the mixed-blooilsol the ('lii|ipewa Indians of Lake Snpericu', prei>ared in pursuance of your suggistions n|iiii. the .'subject, the object of which is to iii"l'l.* impossible for these locations to be matle by the Indian agent; the piirtii's an' scattered over a wide extent of country, aud their locations, instead of being conlincil •^^«::J1 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 39 ;i tliP rc! sirtp n >, caii- .|i)t he uiiulo witltiii tlitMU at all, but will uiid(ml>t(.'(lly bi) sproad ovci- a i>:U't of Miclii- ^t;m, Wisooiisiu, and Miunosota, thus uia1{in Commissioner of Itulian Affairs, with tht> suggestion that it Huiild prolijibly be well to adopt tlu^ amendment proposed by the Commissioner of lliifiencral Laud-OtHce. By order of the Secretary of the Interior. GEO. C. WHITING, Chief Chrk. I ■ - CUIITF-WAS OF I.AKF. SL'PEIilOll. {Treaty of Sei>temher 30, 1854, article 2, nuhdivinion 7.) "Kiicli head of a family or single person over twenty-one years of age at tin; i)rescnt tiini'.ot' tile mixed-bloods, belonging to the (Jhippewas of Lake Superior, shall be eiiti- tleil to eighty acres of land, to bo scdeeted by tliem under the direction of the'Presi- 'leiit. and which shall be secured to them by patent in the usual form." • ■: I.". J, T'--. "•.■■■'!: .1 ■ " •Vi'.j''i '' .,■.*■.••■■•■■ ■ ■! '■■''' ^'■-'- "-■-■^^-■" . • v^f^'v.\:v;:i;.:,:»..>. •.■;■ IV; 1 ',-..■ ' «•■* ^ "• V ' I ", * •"■■'■ l '. -i'^ » " .'*' V ,■.. , ..--,■ ^., :^- r . .T ■■ :• '• 'l :.-'.-iV..t' •■ ;1"^:- \v- ;,?!Ai 40 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Oki'ick MiciiKJAN Indian Agkncy, iMroil, , ih.-pc. I <1(> luM'i'by certify thnt (A. B.,) of Jjiipniiitc, WiHconsiii, is nnu of tlio ptraons de- Ncrilicd in the iiliovo |>i'()viisi()ii.s contiiiiicd in the tinaty of .September l{0, IH'ii, with rlic Cliippiwas of Jjultt! Sui»eiior, luul that is outitltd to ciglity aciCHof laud, nstlififin provichMl. ,.. ', ... .,,,...• • .• 'lii I.' ■..'! <•••■■•■ !, ■ I- .- 1 JiuVtan Aiftiit. . Approved, Washington, , Idoti. ,.',i,i|;i.- , j.j i .......; i Sfciriary of the littnw. 1 have selected tlm l()llo\vin;;-descril)ed tract of haul, to wit that a ])utent nnvv be issniwl therefor in my name. Dated , iK'iti. [Signed] ■■'i..i| !> !,. I Witness : .ri i •• - • - -, and riMjiK'st '|; I'l. It is ex|(iessly understood and declared that any sale, transfer, mortgage ii.ssjri,. nujnt, or pledge of this eertiticate, or of any rights accruing under it, will not lie ivco^. ni/.edas valid by the United .States; and that the patent for lands located by viitiic thereof shall be issued directly to the above-named reservee, or his heirs, and shall in no wi.se inure to the beneiit of any other i»ersou or persons. No. 5. ^ ,, ;,;.„: ;',:, ;', ' ..;; . , DKI'AliTMKNT <)1' TlIK IXTKUniK, U'nliitions of said article as tiie terms of the treaty will .admit. The Indian Bureau understands what was intended, and that intention slienlil lie fully carried out without any reganl to mlin for sei'ij), ninler tlu; seventh claii.'-i' "if the second ai'ticle of the treaty of September 'M, 1.~^r)4, with the Chippewas (it Lakr Snjierior. and having, as you suggest, consulted the icport of your ottice of tlu' ""tli .July, IH'iti, and the reply of the Department thereto of the 10th July, lA'Jt), I juii nf tin" opinion that the (|nestion now submitted as arising ni)on the projier constriiclinu nf said clause was distinctly before this Department at that time, and I rcgiud ir as having b(>en settled by the Secretary's decision of the datO just named, and the jnac- tice of the Oflice of Indian Attairs under it. The jtapers which iiceonipanied your I'ejiort arc now returned. Very rcspectfullv, vour obedient servant, MOSES KELLY. Ailiinj tSnrttanj. C. E. Mix. E.s()., Coiniiusiiioiur of Indian .iffiiirs. I*. Ivdiaii .Ineiit. intioii slidiikl lie CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 41 I y. /. -I I V , I If- Depakimknt iW No. 7. THE INTKRIOR, Oi'I'ICK OF INDIAN AlFAIllS, ■ • March 2-,, H6:5. Sir: 1 herewith siibniit for your considoration a letter addressed to this Offiei?, dated null iiistiiiit, askiiifT a re-cxaniiiiation of tlio cases of Elizabeth Bornp, Tiieodoro IJorup, aii(18(>|iliia Ciiaiiipiiii, wlio (saeh claims to be entitled to eij;hty acires of land, under the ]irovisi(iiis of the seventh seotion of tin; second article of the treaty of .Septenil)er 30, |-,'i4. with the Chipiiewas of Lake Suju'rior and the Mississippi, (United States Statutes at haijje, v7, inclosiuj; evidence in re- lation to tlie right of claimants. N(i. ,'. Copy of ri^port of this Oflliee, dated July 20, ld')8, to Acting Secretary of Inte- rior. No, ;{. Decision of Acting Secretary upon said report. No. 4, Copy of report of this Ollice of July H, 18,")t), referred to in said report of July UK IS'iS. No. ;'). Secretary's d(!cision upon No. 4. No. (i. Copy of letter to Hon. H. M. Kice, dated July 29, Irtud. Fromtlie evidence submitted, I think there citn benodoubt that clainniuts are uiixed- Ijlooil C'liip])o\vas of Lake Superior. This point seems to be conceded in the foruir-r de- ciBJoii of this Ofiice, but their claims are rejected upon the ground that the jirovision of ilic treaty under which tlu^v claim "only extended to such mixed-bloods of the Chip- iiewas (if Lake SuiK^rior as resided among or contiguous to the various bauds of those liiilians, as disringuislKid from the Chippewas of Michigan and Mississip])i ; whereas it a|i|ii'ars that tin- claimants in (juestiou reside neither among nor contiguous to the Chipiu'was of L;ike Suptirior." Kroiii nn examination of the evidence submitted, it is to me at least doubtful if the hitfiT allegation is sustained; but granting that it is, it is, in uiy opinion, a farced con- >lniitiim of the treaty, to reijuire that mixed-bloods should reside "among or eontigu- iiiisto" the Indians, in order to bo entitled to the benelits of its j)rovisi-■ i'- • w ; «■ « f.'i-r.t"'-.' Sl'. •■••■". . sT. ■.#•'. •■-■■■1.'' **>/ r. .■., ,. ■ k I ..;■ . I, *- ".-f^ \ ■■. i - .< ■\^... . i .^' • •%'».•?^: -■• ■'' \ ■■■■■ ' i' w '' -^'.^ .. ■ ... ! %6 42 iJw '4'' W''^ 3-^ ^^ti-;,. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. . , i ,- :-,. ., DKI'AUTMKNT OF THK INTKHIOH, ' Mdji \6, lcj(i3. Silt: I roturii luiiowith tlus paper.H ivcoivcul with your letter iif the "JiMh Mmcli lusti ill eoiinertion with t.ho chiim of certiiiii mixed-bloods of the ChiiipewaN of Laki' Superior to liuids under the treaty of the :50th 8(!pteiiil)er, IHol, with said IiidijuiH. 1 am of opinion that the claims of Elizahotli liornp and Theodore Uonip should lu' rceoffnized, and they are hereby iipiiroved. Yoni vit!W8 respecting the rij^hts of Sophia Chnniplin afo concnrred in. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. V William P. Dot.K, Esq., Coniminsioiier of Indimi Affaim. IJSHKR, No. H. UK ' ' , Depart.mknt ok the Ixtkhior, ' ' ' ' '■ ■ ' ■ n'oHhhif/loiiyJuiwiKW)'). Silt: I return herewith tlu^ ajiplication of Antoiiie Hoy for " scrip," under the treaty of :'.Oth Sciitcmber, Itioi, with the Chippo was of Lake Superior, said Roy beiu;;aiiiixud- bloodof said tribe. I am of the opinion that the treaty referred to does not contemplate tlu; Issiiiiijjof " scrip," but patents, for the land to which the half-breed or iiiixcd-blood Chijipcwas may be entitled, when selected and described by metes rtiid bounds ; to be surveyiMlaml platted, and returned to this D(^partinent for record, so as to enable the Coiiiiiiissionijr of the General Land-Offlco to (tonnect the same with the public surveys, if said selec- tion slntuld be made on unsurveyed lands. The Commissioner of IiuMaii Affairs will, therefo".^, prepare instructions acoonliii^ to this decision, and forward the same to the proper Indian agent, so that no iiiuiv " scrip " may issue to any of said half-breeds. Verv respectfully, your obedient servant, JAS. HARLAN, y , ' ' .' ' Scrnbmj. William P. Dole, Esq., ', Coinminsloiwr of India)! Affairs. . . , .. ' > ■ ,,.1, No. 9. , , ■ V Depahtment or the Ixteiuoi!, Office of Indian Affairs, (Mubvr 2i), lefiT. Sii{ : I have the honor to return herewith the letter of Senator Norton in rclatimi td the claims to lauds of the half-breeds, or mixed-bloods, belonging to the Chippewajiiil' Lake Suiierior and the Mississippi, iiiidor the seventh clause of the second articiuol the treaty with that tribe of September :iO, 18r)4, (vol. 10, Statutes at Large, p. lilO,) which letter was referred by you to this Oflice on tlie '^id instant. That you may fully undorstand the, subject under consideiatioii, it is propel' that 1 make a statement of the past action of this Department, in relation to the issuance ol scri]) to the lialf-liretMls or mixed-bloods referred to. I lind, upon examination of the reiiords of this OtHce, that the subject of issuiiifj scrip to the lialf-brceda in (|iiestiou was pi-etty fully discussed by this Department in the year is.jfi. The General Land-Odice, in a letter dated February 2:5 of that year, op- posed the issuance of scrip, on the ground that it was unauthorized by the treaty, ami suggested I hat the agent should make the selections for the half-bree : " It is simply impossible for these locations to be made by the Iiulian agent; tiie parties are scattered over a wide extt'ut of country, and their loeatimis, instead of being conlined to the reservations specified in the treaty, as the C'oniinis- sioiuir seems to sujipose, cannot ho, made within them at all, but will uiidoiibtciliy bo spread over a jiart of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota, thus making it imprai'tica- Vile for the ag(Mit to make selections."' In this letter was inclosed a form of a cei tilicatc to lie issued by the agent to the hall-breeds, (should the sauie b(! approved by tlii| ■%'■ retary of the Interior.) The Secretary of the Interior approved of the views ol this V' ' • ' CHIPPEWA HALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 43 (iilicc (111(1 tlio form (>f'th»i scriit proposed to he issiitid liuviii^ iilso been substHnmiitly „|i|ir()vr(l tiy liiiii, Agent Gilbert was directed to issue the Sivnie to tbe parties entitled llieivto. Sulisii|iieutl.y the (|n(Nstion arose as to vvlio were lej^ally entitled to the bnnelUs of till' iri'iiiy, and this Ollice, in a report to the Secretary of tbe Inteiior, datfd July H, l^'ili, coiiNlnied the treaty to mean only those " mixed-biooiiii;;iiisbHd from tlie Chippewas of Aliohifjan and tbe Chippewas of tbe Missis- >i|ipi.'' fo this report the Secretary of the Interior replied, under date of .liiiy 10, l-.'i(). liiit, without making any dclinite decision, left the subject discretionary with tills Oflicc. This Ollice acted under tbe forcf^oing constrnctioii of the treaty, and uji'cti'tl the applications of all parties who did not come within that rule. ,Snlis((iiieiitly the lion. II. M. Uice i>resented the claim., of Elizabeth Bornp for lijjlily iicrcs of land under said treaty, which was transmitted to tbe then Acting Sec- ivtiHV of tile Inttaior, with a report from this Oftice, dated July 20, 1858, in wlii(-h the (iiiisiiiiction of the treaty aforesaid was stated as a reason why tbe ap]dications could iMit 1"' allowed. Tbe Acting Secrcitary, under date of July 2:?, i8.')8, decided as follows: 'I am of tbe opinion the (piestion now submitted, as arising u])on tbe proper con- stniLtitui of said clause., was distinctly before this Department svt tlnit time, [reft;rring til Olliiic report of July 8, Idfjf),] and i regard it as having been settled by tbe Secre- tiiy's deiisiott of the date named, [July 10, 185(1,] and the practice of tbe Oflico of jiKhaii Allairs under it." No tliang<' was bad iu the construction of the treaty aforesaid until March, 1863, wlicii Mr. Kice, in a letter to this OHice under date of tbe ItHh of that month, asked for aie-cxaiiiination of tbe case of the Boriips, which was had; and, iu a report to the Scm'taiy of the Interior, dated tbe 25tb of that month, submitting the papers in tbe o;isi', alter reciting the construction of the treaty aforesaid, it was stated by Mr. Com- iiiissi')iier Dole as follows, viz: "From an examination of the evidence submitted, it ia to iiie at least doubtful if the latter allegation [construction of tbe treaty] is sns- taimd; but granting that it is, it is, in my mind, a forced construction of tbe treaty to iiiiuii'e that the mixed-bloods should reside ' among or contiguous to' the Indians, iu oilier U) hi' entitled to the benefits of its provisions." I'lMiii t!i(! foregoing report, tbe Secretary of the Interior, on the 18th of May, de- lided that the said liorups were entitled to the benetits of tbe treaty, and thereby overnilud the former practice of this Ollice under the construction of tbe treaty afore- siiil, Iliuler this decision of the Secretary, scrip was issued to tbe Borups, and con- tinued to be issued to other bsilf-breeds, without regard to their residence, the only iLi|uii('iiieiit being satisfactory evidence that they were half-breeds or mixed-bloods licloiij^iiig to tbe Chippewas of Lake Superior and the Mississippi, and were twenty- niie years of age, or the head of a family, at the date of the treaty, until June 9, 1865, when. 111)011 the ap|dication of Antoine Roy, submitted to late Secretary Harlan by this Ollice, that officer decided that the treaty did not contemplate the i.ssnanco of Miip, "biit iiatents for the lands to which the half-breed or mixed-blood Chippewas iiiiiy be entitled." f^illee the date of the foregoing decision, no scrip has been issued to the half-breeds III mixed-bloods, and no insrrnctimis, other than forwarding copies of the Secretary's litter, have been fiiruished to the agents. On the -iMi of February last, the General Land-OtHce called attention to the subject 1)1' selecting lands by the half-breeds, and inclosed a cojiy of a letter from that Office to tlie rej,'ister and receiver of the local land-otbce at Marqnette, Michigan, deciding ii!!«iiist the ai>[)lications of James and Madaline Holiday for eighty acres of land each. 1 lie reason iissigned for rejecting the applications by the General Land-Ottice is, that "the lands applied for are held at .yi.SO per acre, and, without passing upon the rights ol tliese parties under tbe treaty, the applications are rejected for the reason that, in the iiistnietions for the location of the scrip issued under this treaty, with the approval 111 the Secretary of tbe Interior, the same is restricted to .'{il.'A") land." The (ieneral Land-OlHce, iu its letter to the local office, mentions the fact that the iibove-iiaiiied ai)plicants had made their selections within tbe limits of the Manpiette ami Ontonagon Railroad grant, that grant having increased the minimum price toiji<2.50 iiii iieic, lor which reasun the lands are not subject to sidections by lialf-brtstMls under the tieiity. I fail to see the proi)riety of this ruling of the General Land-Otbee, for tbe iviiseii that the rights of the half-breeds or mixed-bloods are of date long anterior to the rail load grant referred to, and I therefore respectfully reipiest your decision upon tliis iHiiiit. As tiiis matter now stands niider the decision of late Secretary Usher, before referred to, all of the half-breeds or mixed-bloods in question who wore, at the date of the tri'iity of 1854, twenty-one years of age, or heiuls of families, are entitleil to eighty aires of hmil. without regard to the fact that they did not reside " among or contiguous til" the various baiiils of those Indians, as distiuguished from the Chippewas of Michi- Rau and the Chippewas of the Mississippi, and uuder the decision of late Secretary ;;;;■•?-..-.■.., "ir;!'! .■ -.' r:« • ■ ;v ..»,■, . • :•■: V - ... ...•'^■:v -', : ■■ 1 :■ ."• V 1. * . •'.. ^ ..••■■■-M'S.' ■•■ ■'»>■•'•■•* -: ■■■v"'kS-V'*'''>:''.<'- .1 •t- •?■,- ;r.i:-..- i.'-. ■''•Mr ■ ,■ "V ■ ■■' •^ - ■'■■,i {i ' ■* '^ .'■'.*' .»■'.' . '■ ■ . -..4 \ .-.V'S. ^vi--if«!;ci 44 CHIPPEWA lIALF-nREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 11 Vi-.v, m- ITiiilim, saidlinlf-lirwids are ciitiHed to jjoffntu for Hiiid rislity iicrcs wIumi sclcdnl. iSiv., lint tlifit till' treaty (1o«»h not fonttMiiplatf tli»» isHnin^jof Ncriji, and it is with a viow' to (l»'tiiiiii!iiii<; tin; nii'thod l)y wliieh tlio halt'-lirccd or inixod-lilood sliiill he aliif tn obtain iiis patont, tliat Mi'nnt(»r Norton lias railed attention to this snlijcet. Ilavinji nivcii the \tnnl action ot tiie Dcipiirtnient, and tiie present statns miilci- tlic seventli cliinse of the second artielu of the treaty referred to, ir, is snhtnitted fur uin ui decide whellu^r lheori;;inal practice of the Ollice, restrict inj; the heni'liciaries iniii(i>,ijii chiMse to snch inixed-hloods of the Chipi»e\vasof l^iike Snperior who at tiuf diilc iiltlif licaty roided anion;r oi- eonti^nons to tli(! vari'ins liands of those Indians, ''as distin- j;nishcd IViini thi^ ('inppttwas of Michi;;an and tiii^ Mississippi," shall lie ilic inlc, ui whether the decision of late Secretary I'sher, that all hall-ltreeds or mixed-l)} Is I,,.. lon<;in^ to the tril»es, parties to tlit^ treaty, who were twenty-one years of mi;c m the head of a I'ainily at the date of the tntaty, are entitled to the henetits of sam pim isjuii, shiill lie adhered to ; and, having decided this ]>oint, th<^ next (jnestion tisii(,' in- strnotions to the several a;;ents within whose ay;encies the half-breeds or luixcd-lilddds refericd to in the treaty aforesaid are, snpposed to reside, directing slid af;t!iits tuj^ivc jinblie notice that np to the 1st day of Jnly, l> of land, for the; purpose of receiving a iiatent for thi' same. Should the forcj;oing plnii be ai)proved, it will be necessary that the General Land-OlTice be instiiu^fed to direct the local land-oflicers to permit the half breeds or niixeil-bloods who jirescnt such cer- tificates to make such selections as aforesaid, and to forward a descri|>tion of ihe laud designated by such half-breed or mixed-biood, together with the certiticate, to the ('«■»■ eral Laiid-Ofiice, that patent nniy be issued for the laml ; and the (fCiuMal Lanil-Ollin' be also instructed to transmit the patents, when i.ssued, to this Oflice, to be sent tn the agent for delivery. The following is a list of i)apers referred to in th(> foregoing report, and wliieli an' inclosed herewith, and which you will jilease to liave returm;d to this Office: 1. Letter from the Generari-and-Offlce to the Secretary of the luteruir, relinuiiy >J3, 18."(). 2. Report fnmi the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to the Secretary of the Inlerinr, in reply to the fon^goir.g. ;<. I'roposed form of scrip, 1856. 4. Re) on to the Secretary of the Interior, July 8, ISiifi. i . . 5. Reply from the Secretary of the Interior, July 10, IS.'iC?. .i i 6. Decision of the Acting Secretary in regard to the Rorup casp, Jnly 2'^, 18.')>*. 7. Letter from Hou. H. M. Kiee, asking for a re-examiuation of the Boriip case, March 19, 18t):J. 8. Keport to the Secretary of tbo Interior, as above, March 25, 1863. or «h(' is a liiilt- of tlic liilciiui CHIPPEWA HALF-BRKEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 45 T Di cisioii of the Socn'.iivy of tlio Interior on above, May 18, 1863. ■ i . ,'■•■ III. ('oi».v of (l(!cision of liito Hocrotary llailan, .Jmio l>, Wh>. 11, l,(lt,t'r from the Oi-ucnil liund-Onict;, Fi^bniaiy 'Jo, 18t!7. VI Copy '•' l«'tf<'i' from tlio (jonoial Laml-OtHco t«> thidt'ilniiioii;;or ronti;{uous to tin; various bands of those Indians, as 0istin4uislied from the Cliippewas of Miehi<;an and the Chippewas of tiu; Mississippi. In l^ol), this question was submitted to Secretary MeClellund, but not decided. Ill l^li'.i, tlu; (pu'stion was ai;ain submitted to Mr. Secretary Usher, who held that all mixed-bloods belon<'in;ity, were either flie heads of famili(>s, or sinjjle persons over twenty-oue years of ii;;(', were end)raced in the provisions of said seventh clause of the second ai'ticde of the treaty ; and since this decision, tlu' practice of the Bureau has betju conlbrinable to it. I slionld feel constrained to adliere to tliis construction, after more tlian four years' practiee und<'r it, even if I deemed it erroneous; but I do not. I fully concur iii Mr. Sicretiiry Uslier's views, and entertain no (U)ubt of their conformity to the true intent and uieaninj; of the treaty. Sii'oiiil. Shall scrip for land be issued to tlje parties entitled to the bcnelits of the M'vciitli (!laus(! of the second articU) of the treaty ? The early pi'aetico of the; Indian Bureau under the treaty was to i.ssuo s(!rip. In 1^1)."), the (juestion was brou<;ht l)efore Mr. Secretary Harlan for revision, when he reversed the decision of the Coniniissiouer of Indian Atl'airs, and liold that there was no aiitlioiity under the tnsaty to issue scrip, but that the laud must be selected under the direction of the Pr<'sid(!nt, and s(;cured to the party entitled by patent. I concur in this n|iiiii(in and conl'irm it. Sii nnich of your letter as rtdates to the mt;thod by which " the parties entitlt;d can i>l)t:uii their lands," will be further considered, and an answer cunuimnieated at an '•arly day. The |)apers which accompanied your letter are herewith returneil. ,, 1 am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient s-rvant, O. H. BUOWXING, Seurdarji. Hon. ('has E. Mix, Ailiiiy Commimoiier of liidiuii AffaU's. No. 10. Dei'aktmknt ok tiik Intkriou, lluHhiiigton, JJ, C.,Januar!i'2y>,l8C>'i. Silt: I liav(; (ionsidered yonr rejtort, of the 'iM instant, upon the letters of Si^initor Niiittin and .J. X&u Etten, and apidieation of Siver Kashe for scrip, under the treaty of ^ipteiiilM r '.<(!, 1H.')4, with the Chippewas of Lak«? Suptsrior and the Mississippi. It liiis heretofore l)een decided under the provisions of this treaty : 'I hat all Inilf-brceds "1 mixed-bloods belonging to the Chippewas of Lake Superior wlio, at the date of the tiiaty, were eil her tlie lieads of families or single persous over twenty-one y(>ars of age, Were eniUraced in the provisions of the seveiitii clause of the second article of tin; "eiity: and also that there is no authority under the treaty to issue scrip, but that tlie ,' ', ^^^ . >■ *; •V'-"' 1 ".• ...'■ ■.■■■• t y'--:v . I .yi'-X %■£■.■ '■■^»i| K '.''. 5'.''*.- .? ' •' ■ •'- '"l • '- .;■■ ,i . .v • ''.•*^; ■ • '•^■■'. • ,■" •. '-i' ' . ■'. 1 '.' '.-^--t-- ■'.■7.H* ,.■ ■ .\ •: »'»../,• » ' J' .■.III.* Iff...,' m CIIirrEWA HALF-UREED8 OF LAKE SUPERIOR. lain! iiuiHt bo Hflcctwl niidor tli« dinsctionH of tlio President., and Ncoiirod tn tli« r,nj\,, eiitililfd l»y iMitiMit. ' - Tlic Hiiii-aii will now iHHuo inMtnictionH to tliu iipMitH, witliln wIioho iincncirs tJic hair-l>n'i(ls or niixtid-bloodH icft-rrt'd to in tlw^ Huid srvctitli dauHo of llm hucoikI ;irti(l(^ of tiic ti»'iit.v are NuiipoHed to n-sido, to }j;iv<' Miipropiiiito notice, iind procHiiJ to tiii(,. pi'oofH to identify the i)art.i«'n (intitled to iniike srlcctionN, Tlie liikinx of the proofH nniHt be eonclnded by the 1st. of .September next. Nimvi. denee of tlm liKht of any one to nnike a Helection will be received after that diite. In eawe any of those entitled at, the date of the treiity iiave since died, Hi,, luirsnt snch deceased piMsons will be allowed to make the seh'ctions njion propiM' proof of hcii-. ship, to be made in accordiinee with such directions as yon nniy f^ive npained by a list of the <;lainnints. Upon receipt of the jtroofs, they will be exanuncd in yonr Odice, and if found to ho in accordance with the instructions under which they shall have Ikm'u taken, they will h,. submitted to the St!ci'etary of the Interior tor his consideration and for instrnclions an t() the nninner in which the selections shall he nuide by tlu» parties wlio nniy he slinwn by the proofs to be entitled. The selc(!tions will be conlined to and nnide njion the tracts of land set iipmt iind withheld from sale for the nseof the Chipiaswas of Luke Superior by the second Mititlc of said treaty. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, Hon. N. O. Taylok, CommiHxivmir of Indian Affairn, 'i I- O. H. BROWNlNd, 1.1 Hevri'tarji. 1 iir No. 11. DkPAIUMKNT OF THK InTIOUKM!, It'ushinyton, I). 6'., ./;>»•('/(), IHOH, Sli! : T have considered your report of the 24th ultimo, in regard to recciviiifr pnMifs already prepared as to the identity of mixed-bloods claiming land under treaty (it ls,-,4 with tilt! Chippewas of Lake Superior, and concur witTi the views expressid therein. These proofs, it appears, were taken in conformity to the then exlstini; rcj;uliiti(iiis and instructions of the Bureau; therefore they will be Indd sulKcient to (Mititle the claim.ints to the benetits of the seventh clause of the second article of the tn-aty refcricd to, Sei>teinber UO, 18r>4. I would remark, however, that care must be taken to (ioinpuri' them with i)roofs which may hereafter be received, ,so as to guard against tlic diipliwi- tioll of gJlU'tS «'■ <>H»»''' *^l''0*" or ^''il'"'- » f . T ! !• I,. ,j . . The pai>ers are herewith returned. I aui, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant. O. il. BROWNINO, iSerri'larji, Hon. N. G. Taylou, ■ ,, Conimimonvr of Indian Affairs. \ ^i^- No. 12. ""■^m Di:i'.vi{r.\ii.:XT ov Tin.; iNTKiiioi;. U'(iHhin(jton,D. ('., May '2, M'"^. Sir: Referring to your letter of the 27th ultimo, in relation to mixed-bloods cluiiii- ing land under ti-eaty of Septendicr 30, lfc'54, with the Cliii)pewa Indians of Lakr Superior and the Missis8ii)pi, yon will prepare instructions to the agents, within wIkw agencies the half-breeds or mixed-bloods entitled to take under the treaty arc snppiwed to be, in accordance with your suggestions contained in yours to this bcpartiiimit of the 2r)th October last. I know of no better plau for nscortaing the identity and establishing the right of the half-breeds or mixed-bloods entitled to allotments of land uiuler the treaty than that which you have recommended. You will therefore proceed without doliiy to take the necessary steps to cany it into effect. I suggt'st for your consideration wlietlier the tiniti mentioned in yonrs of the 'ifith ul October last for closing the testimony should uot be materially enlarged. CHIPl'KWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR, 47 It will, I tliiiik, l»o iiii))ra(^tic-al>1e for tlio jiartioH inti'r4'Kt()fl to receive notice anil co.- ii'il mill |ii'i')iiii'e llii'ir proofM by tlie l^t of .Jiii.v next. I.'niler tlie eirciiniNtiiiiceH of the (axr. it Nierim proper that the time hIioiiIiI lie exteiKled to the ImI day of Jaiiiuiry next. 'I'll!' I'l-rlilieiiteH to he iHNiied to thoxe whose jiroofH entitle them to land under the trfiitv me nut to he tranHferable, and every Hiieh eertitieate muut expreHH n]ion iti* face lliiit it. i^* not to \u' aHHifriiahle, lint nnrnt he Ideated in the inline of the party to wliuiii itiitisiiiii'd, ami the land entered in his or her nume. I am, sir, very M-Hjioetfiilly, yonr obedient servant, Hon. (J. E. Mix, .Ivtiiiy L'oiitmiiiM'Kiucr of Indian Jffaim, o. n. BUo\vMX(i, Hvvrttlary. -).!-■ !■(; i I I .„||(m. No. 13. H I. •'1 I ,,, ,, , ,,, I ,, ,. 1 , Dki'autmknt OK THK Lnteiuok, IVaithinytoH, J>. C, Muy 14, M)ii. Siii: Upon ii careful (examination and consideration of the various iirovisions of the iniity roiK'lnded Si-ptember ;{0, lr*'t4, with the Chippewas of Lake Hiiperior and tlie Mis.'ti.sNippi, I (toiieiir in the views expressed in yonr eomninnieation of the 12th instant, lliiit till' selertloiis foi' the bcnelit of the mixed-bloods belon^rin^ to the t'hippewas of Laki' Siipeiitir, under the seventh elanse of the seiioiid article of said treaty, should he iiuKit! trom the hinds ceded to the United States by the treaty, and not from the tracts riservnl from sale for tlie use and lienelit of the various bauds by the second article of till' tivuly. I am, sir, very respi'ctfully, your obedient servant, O. H. BROWNING, •Stcntary, llon.C. E.Mix, Jvliiiy Commimotm' Indian AffavH. No. 14. 'JIih' ■dt , I .. DKI'AUTMKNT OK TIIH IXTKKlOK, H'ashinytou, I), (,'., Auyust'27, 182(ith instant. Verv respectfully, your obedient servant, W. T. OTTO, Actiny iSecreiavy. C'liAHLKH E. Mix, Es(|., Actiny Comnmnionvr of Indian Affairs, No. 15. ■•■ ..■> » .": S *«'.•••{• ■ ' '• JM «■'. .1 .-iT- f -.-'^ H ;.\|:-s'./.-ir^r-,-:j;..- I - •;• ;.•■■•■ ■'•.•• ■•,■,* ■ . ■■;•: i?--'; • I 4 'J'-.'v J -. .itf-t • i, vi-,"! • I ■ .'y^r ■. : i-'i- »• v • •■ ■■'; ■ >'■ "h't •'•;■■■ i -'•■■,'-v :■■■■■. .■■«• '.--•■I .:7^^:^.^-H:.-\^v f »• . '''-. '» \.i ■ •••'.•^ ■ I 1' '•'•, • : '^ ■••■. t ■. I "': ^.v ..■>.\"i ■»;•..' >;.. - -■■■ttw. .•■.^•;A.f ':7-::::- Depautmknt ok THK IXTKiaOK, Washinyion, 1). C, Octohir '28, 1868. Silt: I have considered yonr report of the 22d instant, returning letter of Franklin i^teek', csi].. which was referred to you on the li)th instant, in relation to the locatiiijr 1)J liiill'-lii(,'(!ds of certilieates issued to them under treaty of 1854, with the Chippewas of Luke Superior and the Mississippi. Vuu recommend that the half-breeds, or mixed-blonds, provided for by the seventh daiibcof the seeoiul article of the treaty of 30th September, 1854, be permitted to lo- - ' ■*»•'*. .1 -'< '■> *:■"f^ ■.■■■■■■■ iTW'll 48 CHIPPEWA HALF-UKKKDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. mm (•lite tlir- liuids ilimattMl to tlioiii l»,v Hiiid cliniso " upon any of tlio tonitoiy aciinircil IVom llirir own iM-opIt'." Yoii ii'iiiiiilc tlint tln;H<' luilf-brccds lisivtt iKTrtot'orii " Immmi |i<'rinifffil to locntc their i-t'rtili(';itfs 11)1011 any of tliti latulN of the I'nitcd States snlijcct to pi'<'-<'iii|itiiiii anil M-ttlt'OKMit," anil Hn>;K*'Ht tliat it would i)o hut Just that tlio.sii wiio lia\'i! imt y,.) )ivail<'xtendod to sin-li tractn ol conn try as liavo IVoiTi tinn- to tinn* lu'nn aciiuircd l»y tlio llnitod States fnini their own jm oitjo, tlio Cliippt'was. It appears l)y Mr. Steele's letter tliat "a hir^o poition of said lialf-lneeds in (? resi- dents of other jMirtions of the territory et'chMl by the Cliippowas" than that cedcil h\ the treaty of lHr)4. In view of nil theso circuinstanees, tiie half-ltreeds (Mubniced in tlio itrovisionH cif said seventh clause of the second article of the treaty of IJOtli Sej)teinlier, Iji.')l. will li,. |ierniitted to make locatiiuis within the limits of the territory ceded to the lUitiMl States liy the lirst artichi of tlu^ treaty last ahovo nanu'd, or within the limits df f||.. tcrritoiy ceded l>y the seu(uid article ot the treaty between the Uidted States and tliv Red Lak(' and I'embina bands of ("hiopewas, of October '2, l."*!!:}, or within tlw liiiiit> of the teiiit(uy eedeil by the lirst article of the ireaty between tho Tnited SlatL-s ami the Chippewas of the >IisHissi];)|)i of May 7, lHii4. In the event of tho Helt'Ctions beinfj nnnle within the limits of either of the two lust- nanu'd districts of country, ami upon iinsmveycd lantls, tho boundaries of sacli suIhc- tioim must be lulJuMted in confornnty with the lint'H of the oiUcial Hiirveys wlieii tin: same shall b(! maiie. 1 am, sir, very respectlully, your obedient servant, (). II. BROWNING, Hon. \. (i. Taylok, . CommmioiU'r of Itidhtit AffuifD. . • \. No. IG. Sll! ciition Missis The DKPAltlMKNT OI' THK IXTKUIOl!, lf'twliiii()toii, J), v., Ol tuber 'i'J, ISlir. In rejdyiug (ui yesterday to your letter of the 22d instinit in ndatioii to the lo- certilicates issued to half-breed t'hii)pewas. reference to the tre;tty with the ill])! 'iiaiiils of Chippewas of Felu'uary '-i'^, Irt.")."), was inadvertently oinitteil. l(rivilej'ers are herewith returned. Verv respectfullv, your obedient servant, O. H. BROWNINCx, Secretary. Hon. N. a. Tayi.oI!, Commimiioiitr of Indian Affairs, orritoiy aci|iiiri'( Ot/o/xr'iO, ISft*. CHIITEVVA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 49 No. 18. •Hj) . vl '.i h.iiN.r. . , ..'■ . ■ . Dki'aktmkst or thk tNXKnion, gii;: I trnuainit hcrewitli, for yniir iiifoiniiiMcMi, ii copy of ii lutti^r, ilati'il tlie lltU JDKtaiit, siililru.-*sii(l to tb(; (JoiiiiiiisHiiMiri' of tb<^ (loiuirid Lttii(l-()lll(ji<, uoiitiiiuinx tho *lo- clrloii nt tlie SHuretiiry of Mie Iiiti-rior in iitlatioii to tliu lo(;atioii of ct!rtili(;iit Indiiiii 1(111(3)111 will coiifoi'tn. Vc ry respectfully, your ubcdieut Mcrviint, llou. E. 8. Tahkkh, Cuinmintiiouir of Indian Jffdirs, Ittiiii I • Jilt )»H' ■ (li? Ill- 1. [Copy.] ')l,l!^ Il f,! lll;il /< •ill ;i--i I 1-. ■I iii ,.;. /Il ■tin )i 'I I*; w. I> I.U' T. OTTO, AcHiiij Swrtlury. DEAIirMKNT OV TIIK LnTKIUOU, n'uxhhKjIon, D. C, Jiifiiint 11, IBfiO. Slit: Applit'ntion hiiviiijj been niado for a rnvitnv and iiiodilicaHon uf tlio ducisioii of thi'Ui pitrtiiitMit, addr4;H,si)d to you on tbc '^Htli day of January last, in relation to tho liiratioii (if certili('Ht..uo...,.., W.T.OTTO Asmntant Secretary. The C'o.M.MissioxEU of tiik Genuuai- Laxd-Oikice. Ir ,1: . il ill- ■'if' D)' No. 19. I '1 ! -'.^ i"i 1: •',< I tliMi r, -'11 ■ I \ ill ■ _ _ ill'' Dkpaiitmkxt of the Ixterioij, JVaMhiiintoii, I). C, Xorcmher 4, 18(59. Sir: I have roct^ived and considered your letter of the «i.')th ultimo, and you ar(! in- formed that the instructions issued by dinM!tion of Mr. Secretary Urowninji; in relation til the iipplication of the mixed-blood C'hippewas of Lake Siiperi(U' f(U' c(U'titi('ates I'lititliujj; th(!m to land .iiuhir the seventh clause of the 8e(!oiid article of the treaty witlibiiid tribe, concluded September 30, ISbi, will be adhered to. Very respectfully, W. T, OTTO, Jclhiij tSecretary. The CoMMissioxKU of Ixdiax Affaiiis. - (Mii;; ;. I., I I 'h 111 l-lt-ljl! M < ■:ll |. • ■ I •, t..|-;!l ■ I '•.! -m;^ ; . M . -/ No. 20. Ji^-i'-f". ' : •'..:,,■ Depautment or the Interior, i"i if inii' • • Wushiw/ton, I). C, July 'iH, 1870; Sm: Agreeably to tlio recommendation contained in the Commissioner's letter of the %\i instant, you are hereby authorized aud directed to appoint R. F. Crowoll, of Saint Paul, Mimujs(>ta, as special agent to take evid(ince, with a view to ascertain what per- snus of mixed blood are entitled to receive certificates of scri[» for lands, under the pro- visions of the seventh clause of thesecond article of the treaty conclnded at La Poiuto, Wisconsin, on the IJOth day of September, 18,')4, between the Uidted States and the Cbipiitiwa Indians of Lake Superior aud the Mississippi, and to prepare a list of such persous, to be submitted to the Department. 4 n B 8 i 1 .M ■i : - ;. f :..;..., • , !'■ t '« ■•■ ■ •^' ** y : ^ |jj •■<>!> -'-Li".,. •'. . •^.■•'*>'r.. -u: ,.;„t ;*■•. :.*■ •'^-'.'•"•/•wf- S'-, ,. ■ ■^' -ji-'Si-yyi- 1 »•■■■, '.Ki-r i»-i-. ■■ =.) .f -■;»'■: ■;-.,.. V.'i,.V'..-, "I •., J ■■A•■■•^•^■ y. ^■ T. 1 ..■;>.;':,•.;-;■•■ .;'',.•■ -.s-i- -^ e-r-'^.vVi; 50 CHIPPEWA half-i«rkf:i)s of lakk superior. m ii ! .iJ:?« Tho cnmponNittini) of Niiid s|Mcinl iiK<'itt will Im" nt tlic ruin nt'ff) |i«ir diiy, wliilp it, t],^ )>frloi'iiiuii)Mt ot' tli*t wti'vicf, iiiid his lu.'tiiiil fxixtiiHi'M, ti« liu paiit out of tliti c'iiiitiijm,,|t fiiiiil of tilt' IiHliiiii Di'imitini'iil. Jn tlKMimti'iii'tioim to Mr. (M'owitll, yon will enjoin upon him tlio nititt.'HHity of t),,,.. forniuiK "'»' HKivici) iih Hiiet'diiy a« piiicticiiWU-, ('oiisiNtcnt with tho «'Hlfifiit ili»t(liur){Miii' t)i<' tIntii'H to !)*< pt'iforiMfd nnditr hin iippoiiitinunt, uiid thut Mtiivt uconuiiiy luimt be obHurvfd in r«>);iird liotli to time luid iiiout'y. <,. "a i , ,i ■», Very I't'Hpectl'ully, . J. D. COX, ' ' • mtcnUmj, Thu AcriNO C'UMMIHNIONEK OF Ini>ian Akkaii<». , , , No. 'il. DKI'AinMKNT (»K T((K InTKIMOH. Uiixhinijtoti, IK C, Ainil '2\, 187], Sir : My fittcnfioTi lins licoii frccinenHy y coinmpondtMits, as wtdi .ih liy yom- Nclf, to till' ri^jlitu of ct'itiiin Chippewa Indians to land and land-scrip, jn-ovidc d for liv treaties with said ln«liaim, latilied respectively ^September 'M, 1H54, Ootolicr •vMrTii and April Vi, W4. Cnder the first of theso treaties, the records of this Ottlee inform mc that ii Inr^'c anionnt of scrip has hcen issned, and vavions rnlinjjs of the Jiand Office, wliirli haw been altered from time to time in rej^ard to the location of such scrip, have liecn re- ferred to. ITnder the two last treaties no scrii» has hi'cn issned. Great luicertniutv seems to exist in refercnco to the identity of the parties eiititlcf^to tlu' land and lanif- M('rip provided for nnder the treaties ah'ive referred to, and nnich complaint iiuH bicn made, to me in reference to frauds practiced and now contemplated under the foreL'o- iiiK treaties. 1 understand, also, that ^Ir. Crowell has been heretofore desi^^nated by your Ottlictn take testimony and ascertain what persons an; entitled to land and land-s(il|i iukIit the afoiesaid treaties. Mr. Crowell s-ems fo have in part executed this duty, and has submitted to me the uninner in whidi he has thus far executed his work. In consideration of tho f^reat importance of havinjj an authentic record made forflu' use of your Olhce iind this l)e]iartmcnt of the persons entitled to hnul ara<;raph : " Your duty arises under the seventh clause of the secoiul article of tho treaty con- cluded with the Chij»pe\va Indians of Lake Sujierior and the Mississip[>i, ratilied Sep- tember :?0, 1854, (Stats, iit Large, vol. 10, piiges HOD, llll»,) and the eighth artitieof tho treaty cotudnded with the He(l Lake and Pembina Chipiu'wa Indians, ratilicd Uctohit "2. iHti;?, (Stats, at liMrge, vol. r,{. ])age (iOD,) as amended by the seventh .-irticleof the treaty couclu.■-»? ' I " f J (i-i mult'iulnlt. Imlf'-Jiriind or Jiiixfil-liloofl, who is n^luti'il 1»v Mood to tlif unid ('liippKWHii III' thi< m\i\ iti^il li:ikt> mill I'iMiioiiiM ItitixiN, who hits ni|ni»ri)(l tho hiihirs iiiiil «;iiNroi)in of (ivili/'i'il lit*'- ii>i*l vvlio is a riti/.i'ii of thi* Ihiilml Htiiitti-i, n lioiiiostHiMl of oiin limiilrt^il iiiiitHixiy »' r<^H of liiiiil, to lilt Hi'ltM'tiul lit his o|itioii within tlio limits of thn ti'iict of inimtry hiTi'liy codi'il to th« ITiiitml StiituH. or any litiiil not iii'«*vioiisIy iic(!ii|)i«il by ,;:'>niil Hrttlors, or iiovf^rtMl liy prior K'')'^> tl>*^ lioiiiidiirifs thort'of to lio iitljiistttil in (iiiil'uriiiity with tho liiit's of tho oltliial surveys, wIhmi thii NaiiiH shall ho iiiaile, and uitii till' iawH atul roKiilationa uf thu United >Statu8 iin'cctiuK tho location and entry of llic saiiK'.' ■'Till' Hovi'iith articlo of th« treaty of April l*i, IHIi.l, is in thcMci words: ' It is fiirtlior a|;riM'ii liy thi^ parties Inu'iito, that, in limi of tho hinilH provided for thu iiiixod-hloiMls liy artlcli' clKhtof said twaty, coni'Iiidt'd at tho old rroHsin^ot' Rod Lako Hivor, scrip sliall III' i^Hiii'il to siioli of said niixod-liloods as shall so cloitt, which shall oititlo tho holilor Ilia like iinioiitit of land, and inay.lio lotatt-d upon any laiul coded liy said treaty, liiit mil cisrw lien.'; and shall bu accepted by said iiii\od-bloly, I would say that on the receipt of my letter o'" instnictions, (September L'i, I'^'O.) 1 i|iialitii)d in accordance therewith, and oiitenMl upi.n the discliarge of my duties liy preparing proper blank forms suitable for taking tlu I'vidciicc required by my iiistiactiiiiiH in the great inujority of cases, ami proccmlcd t) thu coun ry where thu claiiiiiuits resided, invostigating each chhh — requiring oacli cl; niaiit to come before mo aiiil lua lie. proof, as rc(|uii'<;d by your oHlce. Tlie evidence Mipporting each case was tiikt'ii hcliire me, and each claimaut and witnesses alHxod his or her signature or mark in my jiiemiiice, and tho oath was administerod by iiio r,o biitli claimaiir. and witiiessus wiii're the proofs purport to have been taken by me, and where the oath was not aiiininiatercil by mo it was admiuistored in my presence. I was well received by tho mixed-bloods ; and upon stating to them tho object :ind purpose of my coming, I found that they were generally and almost universally wlicitous to obtain scrip, aud desired it should be issued to them without any embar- rassing restrictioLs. ■ •! ' . ■ • ■••.■• . • ^'V^:'' ,; ^ t • >. • ■ ^ V , ' . • ;i^*v*».. ■ i:,,.., .., ■.>>.^^.■>.*i,••..l,'•■^.:| '••kV-ir.'-v •-":'■■-• • i .•■-*3*v.<:w A '< , V:;..A>:: ^iV*-:.;^" ^^■•:; ■■.. '.■-■."■/ ■.;.■-■. '^' ■ ; ,r.N»!|.- „ ..;'.--Jj..' ,•: • '^i*^* :,:*■■■ :r::.U-. .•'-■ .;•,•.•.■ '.;■•■ .*'■■ ••<•■-, .i .- ' ■■.■ - ?i- "* '*t • • i •' *."■':•.; . ■ '• iT-J"-'.} PI III M Jswk hEH ElJ|ftfl W^RIkI fflw^l mNH lase(iiient rejiort. I am unable to come to a salisfactoiy eonelusion as to the amount of labor necessary to camplett- tht; work, lint in my judgment it will require from four to six mouths additional work and time. ,j Very respectfully, your obedient servant, R. F. CROWELL, t^lHvutl Jijvitt,,^'!:. Hon. Elv S. r.\i!Ki:i:, Commisxioittr of Iiidiun Affairtt, l.i .Junelic IJii 11 Htipuliitcd and >t' laiul, iiiid tli,.y came bet'ore iiic, 18 not bcini,' en' ill my iKiHscNsioi, ivc thuiii fuitliiir le R(!d Ijakn and rt'siionil with tbo laymtMits, and to a(lviH('(l as to the as on t lie subject, no doubt, by tlie luintin;r, so tliat ill) stsasoii of 'lie iscoininftonniid 'thercontinuauec imI to Hcrip tnider ntitled to receive uiixtni-bldods of I aia Natislieil bands, as well as 11° instruution in ulieviii); tbat my as had not pievi- v., and that tills ;onj;rt'ss, and not [lent did nut con- le and I'l'inbinu issncd otlicrwisc being HO advised, K'OVVKI>L, CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. HI. 53 lift of pirHotiH ill part of mixed Mood who are entitled to receire ceiiifivates of scrip for landu iiiii'ltr the prorinioiiK of the wrenth claime of the necoiid article of the treati/ concluded at La I'oiiite, If'ixcoiixiii, on the '.iQlh daif of Seiitember, IS-ti, hetieeen the United Stati'H and tlie Chippewa fndianH of Lake Superior and tlie MisninHippi, taken hy U. F. Croirell, special agent, duriiifi October, Xoremher, and December, 1870, and January, 1871, under Im letter ofuppiiininwnt, dated August ;'), 1870. hi n |5 zj ao 'A ■" , 5" - - .,:f.;i. % s Nami-A of mixod-bloods. p Jlcference to testimony. Somai'lcs. '[ a CJ o c*^*-^ 'f, Xoue . . None.. 'A \ 80 1 Aiuablu Hamlin Claim Hiipported by two Troof regular. ercdiblo witnesses. 2 1?nu'i1ii> T.nrtrip ..do.... ..do.... .(li, Do. 3 Jcnni'ivn J.iuiiit' ..do ..d.).... do Do. , 1 , , 4 j Miidelaiiii; IViaiilt ..do.... ..do... do 80 Do. 5 1 (ieiievii) Viviei' ..do ... ..do do fO Do. '■' ; ' C 1 Jdsctte OianillKiis ..do... ..do... do 80 Do. • ' 7| Marie (Iraiit ..do... ..do.... do i SO Do. :■ » riirasinn Vandal ..do.... ..do... do i 80 J)o. !l Ciitlierino Situ ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 10 Mm ie Cimieliaierine ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. 11 Anuclicciue Villcueuvt' ..do ... ..do.... do 80 Do. 15 ^lai ie Wa iipreo ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 13 Genieve Hool ..do.... ..do.... do 1 80 Do. W lK;ilM'lla A/.nre ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 15 Ocele I,aiiene ..do... ..do... do 1 80 Do. . 111 liesalie Maittl Kli/.a Martcl liridyet ("ardinal ..do... ..do.... ..do.... ..do.... ..do... do 1 80 80 1 80 Do. 17 . .do Do. 1^ ..do.... do Do. 19 ilarsaiet Kicbatt . .do ..do... do 80 Do. a CatliL'iine I'otiat ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 21 Naiiey liansie. ..do ... ..do... do... 1 80 Do. ) a Henrietta I,nfontaine ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. •a Marjiaret Itouninut ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. n (Jai olinu Courtay ..do.... ..do... do 80 Do. •; •a Isalielia Deaso ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. ■ % .tnlia .Ilad.sncrt ..do.... ..do.... .lo 80 Do. 27 Josi'lti- (?rant ..do... ...lo.... do 80 Do. ill Marie Y^ene ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. , ill i Julia Lbtenibo ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. :tO i JIaryaret Letiindic ..do... ..do.... do pO Do. 31 .Tiwctle ('lidrctti' ..do.... ..do. .. do SO Do. . ■ . 3i Mniie l)aii)>hinay -do.... ..do... do 80 Do. 33 j Mai'io Vallee ..do.... ..do ..do... do 80 80 Do. 34 1 (,allii!riiie Aluunct ..do.... do... Do. 3J ' Veiiinica Thomas ..do.... ..do... do 80 Do, .i() Maiie L'K(iuier ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 37 \ Anuelie Vivice ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. 38 Oiiai'lottu Itoc'han ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 311 Maruarot Dncluivnie ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 411 Sera|iliini Caplet ..do.... ..do.... do .-0 Do. 41 Aim.'lic (Josliii ..do... ..do... do 80 Do. 42 Kiiii'inelie Vivicr ..do.... ..do... do 80 Do. 43 Marie I'lionuiH ..do... ..do... do 80 Do. 14 . Susan l!ii»vt!it ..do ... ..do... do 80 Do. 4.1 Susclte Saver ..do... ..do... do 80 Do. 4ii Susan Sayer ..do... ..do... do HI Do. 17 Siipliia laironiit' ..do.... ..do... do 80 Do. I'! ililen l,a Hose ..do.... ..do.... do SO Do. 4:i Maii;aret Livinpston ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 'M M:irt;aret Man'band ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. ■"il Belsev Colin ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. •VJ An;;elie ("olin ..do... ..do... do 80 Do. .i3 AnHie Delori'il ..do... ..do.... d.i CO Do. M Maryavet Dcloinio ..do.... ..do.... do Ml Do. .Vi Madeline Dii t'liarnie ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. .'iti Isaliella N'obn Nancy Mareliatnl ..do.... ..do... ..do ... do CO HO Do. .'i7 ..do.... do Do. r.^ .Insetle l/Kiinlcr ..do... ..do.... do HO Do. .w Niiliilla Uaelion Kniilie llocd Madelaiiie Haiilistii ..do.... ..do.... do 80 80 80 80 Do. m ..do... ..do.... ..do.... ..do... do Do. ei ..do... do Do. K; Miiiiiaret Mmhoii ..do.... do Do. W ; Maiianne l,a Iioi|ue . do ..do.... do HO Do. M KiaitcdiH Honjuv ..do.... ..do.... do... ..do.... do 80 80 Do. f5 Juwtie Unshev' do Do, • ;'■■.'■•. V?- ■•'-«'•? ■ % - ■'-•_,•.■'■■ ■> ■'.. ••.'•■■?■ . I '.■.-;•>•:'*• ..•■••i ■■■- il ♦. ■»'.-.«.'',V'^ "*■■"-/. I •■ . ■ V) ■-■■'• .i }■:'•■ ■ .■:..v-'^>,v:v»';;.,..^. 'v-V. v.. :.:>,.-':<:.•/■ ,:^ "^''v*- ..■■■■:. ':^i,i^:i •:.,'.^' :■•.:; .ir>> J -■' ... .■ V V^i"^* '.11 .•.j^ri »v«' ■■-.■•.• .•, ■•. ■ > .;■,;:. ';-\.;;-i\;; •/;.>■■.■ '.I M .-iY/ •.■■■ ■ 54 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. List of persons in part of mixed blood, cjc. — Continued. ixed- ra. •a 2-! -1 <-•=* f « =• t^ Names of mixod-bloods. = « = ■3 Eeforenco to testimony. ^M Remarks. a ■"■ ' '■". ' \ ' ■■ ■; 2i o ct'Z «•= r o'w'-^ 'A fc5 fl iz; (ifi Mnrio L'Equier None.. (Jlaiins supported by two ci'ediblo wituossus. EO Proof regular. (i7 do ... ..do ..do.... ..do... do 80 80 80 Do. fif Marin Mason ..do do do tin Mni'garet Mason ..do... I)u 10 .. Margaret Dt-uiarais ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. fi7 Margaret Deraarais . .(!<> ..do.... do 811 Do. 88 Sarali Torisli ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. «<) Arohanfie Vil)bnin ..do... ..do.... ..do.... do do 80 80 Do. :t Alargaret FiniUey ..do ..do.... do 80 Do. »4 Margaret Flanieiit ..do ..do... do 80 Do. !).') Isabella Conk ..do.... ..do... do 80 Do. 'Ill Marie Foster Margaret Shell ..do.... ..do.... ..do... ..do... do 80 80 Do. in do Do. !»H Josette Cook ..do.... ..do.... ..do.... do do 80 80 Do. !I9 Julia Jourdain ..do.... Do. 1(10 Mary Sinclair ..do.... ..do.... do 80 1)0. Itll Cliarlotte Qiiinlaud ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. lO-J Margaret Cook ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. KKI Mary Davis Margaret Ciimpbell Ellen Fostei- ..do.... ..do... ..do.... ..do... ..do... ..do.... do 80 80 80 Do. 1114 do Do. 10.) do Do. lOli Eliza <.!arribeau ..do.... ..do ... do 80 Do. KIT Lizzie Ciillen ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. 108 Josette Bninett ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. 10!) Genieve McDonald ..do.... ..do.... .'... 80 Do. no Catherine Louteur ..do ... ..do... do 80 Do. HI Madeline Cuverst ..do ... ..do... do 80 Do. 11'.' Hetsy MeDoMgall ..do.... ..do ... do 80 Do. ii.i Susan S. Me Arthur ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Di). 114 Koselie Joudrou ..do... ..do ... do 80 Do. 11.') Agasias Akin ..do... ..do ... do 80 Do. 1lfi Shegiie lii'U'ourt do ..do... ..do... do 80 80 Do. 117 Shame Atkins .do... do Do. 118 Margaret Uois ..d'..... ..do.... do 80 Do. i:'.> Susan Jlapnas ..do.... ..do... do 80 Do. l-,'0 Catharine Itriiuet ..do.... ..do... do 80 Do. iJi Marie Daniel ..do... ..do... do 80 Do. Vi-i Annie (Joe:an ..do... ..do... do 80 Do. r£i John Chouipard ..do... ..do... ilo 81) Do. 124 Tousant ( honinard ..do... ..do ... do 80 Do. 125 Julia Oeninon ..do... ..do .. do 80 Do. 1211 Louisa Huenetle ..do... ..do.... do 80 Do. 127 Isabella Uulev ..do... ..do... do 80 Do. 12H Lusiana Diigis Elise Heriutid ..do... ..do.... ..do ..do.... do .'•0 80 Do. IJ!) do Do. i:iii Caroline Houtreu ..do... ..do ...| do 80 It... i;ii Jidla Boutin Margaret I'atnell ..d.).... ..do.... ..do.... .do.... do 80 80 Do. 1:I2 do Do. n.i Elarriot Young ..do.... ..do.... do 80 Do. lai Josephiuu Liitouielo ..do.... ..do..... i lio 80 PrcMif ri'.taiuod for t'uillii'r investi^iitmii. nr, Helen De Louais 1 ..do ... ..do.... do 80 Proof ri'^jiihir. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 55 I > Roniarks. e "Z ♦- 80 Proof regular. 80 1)0. 80 Do. 80 I)u. 80 1)0. 80 1)0. 80 Do. HO Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 1)0. 80 l)t>. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 1)0. 80 D(.. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. ft) Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. SO Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Do. 80 Piixil' rt^tiiiiiiid for fuiMirr invesli;;iitiim. 80 Proof ri';;iiliir. ■M_ \.' ) ■.!,> Jteport of the sjtedal commiaaion in the matter of Chippewa scrip, 1871. Saint Paul, Minne.sota, - ' - - ' September 4, 1871. Siu: The niidersisned, appointed by the Hon. E. 8, Parker, late Conimissionor of ludiiui Att'airs, by the direction of the honorable Secretary of the Interior, a special tuimuission to investigate the matter of scrip issued under the treaty of the IJnited [ftiites with the Chippewas of Lake Superior and the Mi8si88i])pi, nnido at La Pointe, Wisconsin, September 'M, 18.'>4, and also to ascertain what persons are still beneticiarias under the seventh clause of the second article <)f said treaty, as also who are beneficia- ries muler article eij^ht of the treaty made with the Red Lake and Pembina bands of Chippowas at the old crossing of Red Lake River on the ijd ilay of April, 18(53, and article seven of the supplementary treaty of the 12th of April, 1804, most resi»ectfully report as follows: That soon after their appointment two of the commissioners, Henry S. Neal and R. F. Crowell, proceeded to Fort Abercrombie, on the Red River, and from theuce dov/u that river to Pembina; from Pembina to Saint Joseph, thirty miles up the Pembina River: tiience back, and to White Earth, and across to Leech Luke, where they were joined by E. P. Smith ; thence to Crow Winjj, Saint Cloud, and Saint Paul. After remainin}^ some (lays in Saint Paul, they proceeded to Bayfield, Wisconsin, with Major S. N. Clark, specinl commissioner so far as the matters under investigation atfect persons claiming to belong to the Chippewas of Lake Superior. At the various points named, as also at intermediate points, they made all the inves- tifjations in their power, iu Hccordance with their instructions, both as to scrip already issued and as to those who are still entitled to receive the same as beneficiaries under the treaties named ; and, so far as practicable, they saw the parties in person, having early learned that but little reli"'M'ity could be pliiced upon the written applications which were filed with them, wli le i t. almost without excei»tion, these persons, though ijjuorant, are truthful, and wih • .<■ < to advance their own interests, make false statements in regard to themse' \ . ^ .,!■ ir families when fully informed in such a way as to clearly comprehend. The attention of the commission was called, in the outset, to the terms of the treaty of U54, in order to ascertain its intent and also its limitations. The article of the treaty in (luestion reads as follows: "AuTiCLK 7. Each head of a family or single person over the age of twenty-one years at the present time, ot' the mixed-blootideiit, and which shall be secured to them by patent in the usual form." Tiie intent of this is evidently in the interest of the half-breeds, relatives of the Indians. We find it was nia«le part of the treaty at the instigation of some of the most iutel- lij,'ent of these mixed-bloods, who hoped that all of their class might be thus induced to abandon their roving lives and settle ]ierm.anently njton their own farms, and so tome directly under the influence of Christianity and civilization. Two clauses in tills articl(? reijuire special attention, for on their consiruction depends the question of tiie It'irality of a large amount of scrip already issued, and an amount equally large for which applications are now pending. I'irst. Who belong to the " Chippewas of Lake Superior?" Seroi'd. Who is projierly called the "head of a family?" In the determination of these (juestions the following considerations are respectfully subuiitti'd: Does the term "Chippewas of Lake Superior" include all those whose ancestors may at any time lia>'e resided near that lake, or may Unvf passed over that country in moving wcstwanH Or were the Chiiqiewas of Lake Superior a distinct band from other Chippewas. and known as such, and so recognized by the Government of the United States at the date of the treaty f Your commission believe they were thus distitiet, and that they comprised the hnnh then residing at or near Lake Superior. We are led to this conclusion by several considerations: l'"ivst. I y the distinct names and locations already given at that time to the differont hands (if Chipi»e\vas. At some jieriod (luite remote it is highly probable that the Chip- liewaXation was mainly settled along the siiores of I^ake Superior, and on the banks lit the Mi.ssissippi River. From this region they have been wandering for generations, and scattering, until now tlioy ar*>..":^-; 'I ■; d-'iii.-.-.' •■'.•I'r- I •'■. ... - '. ""'J. ^ ■.*• -,- ■ •. . I '. ■».•.•-.', .rVy/. ..-.■' I 1 ". ■ '.."»■"■■->•'. *:'•''■.■- I - -."i I. ■'■'■.; 4 ■•• -^ •••?•, . ■I ■■■■i. ' J 1 T ■.••.. .-^■.;^.l ' ..;**>?■ .-■.■',.■',•;*": ' Ti- •, -:■ *'*■■■: . ■-,;, ■ J* .-.#■•■■ ■:■:-■: '■^:'. : '.-" V <:.■■*. iJ--;.v^ * 't ■ ,;■, f- ■ :• .■ ' I . : *■. v. :* , :' •■ , ■ ••• i>,i '..■• ' if * » ■ "I ':; !■ ■*■ ;»V •>^'-'''^*>*^ {'■•>■ 'I •.;,-i,,r,, ,.. . ,.;ev7.,> ■ . ■,•;■:,■;...■■■, '. -t .■'.<'• ti 4 - -h '« -fl' ',-■■■ ■^i'TJ'V'?! l^vi'-? ¥'■■ 56 CHIPPEAVA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. '>*f:-^ ¥¥^ TVS jl»^V Anotlipr ^roniHl for tlie construction given to tlio tnaly hy yonr commissioners is founil in tlie Irciity itstOt', in ■w)iicli llie diHtinction btitwccn Chippcwas iif l.ajjg 8n\)erior and Cliii)p<'wiis of tlic Mississiji])i is kept \\\) tlnonj^liont, and <'S|n(;ialiv ji, the fonrtli clanso of artichi cij^lit, in which it is cxjncssly declared who are l'liiii|ie\va8 of Lake Superior, as foUows: "It is nnderstoo*! tliat tlie InrtiaiiH whoaro parties to this treaty, except the Chippewas of the !Mississi])pi, shall hereafter ho known as Chin. pewaa of Lake Superior," and are specitied in the (hirttenth article of said treaty, as follows: " La Pointe hand, Ontonaj'on hand, L'Anse hand, Viex Do Sert hand, (iraiul Portage hand, Fond dn Lac hand, I^ac Court Oreille hand, Lac du Fhnnhean hand Bois Fort hand." This declaration, in the instrument itself, would seem to be snfli- cient, and would have heen so regarded by your commission, except from the entirely dift'erent constniction which has been given to it by interested parties — a coiistructioii which seems to have been, at least, aeciuiesced in by the Indian Bureau, and, as a eon- Bequence of which, not less than seven hundred persons, whose jiarents and ancestors for generations have been separated by hundreds of miles from the Chii)])ewas()tLiike Superior, without having any tribal relations witli the Indians there, have made appli- cations, many of them successiully. for the donation of eighty acres of land, on tin.' ground that they are Cliippewas of Lake Sujierior. This fact le.l your eouiniission to inquire fuilhei. They find that other treaties have also recognized the division of the Chi]iiiewas into tivti bodies as above. The distinction between the CliipjiHwasof Lake Superior anli.:atiuu, and is that which bears the date of Miiy W, li^oti, and September H or 10, IWoti. Ydiir conniission believe that these ]iarties were entitled under the treaty, with the pnhsiUle exceiition of the "white men" referred to above, who were heads of families (if mixed-bloods. A strictly legal constrm-tion of the treaty would not have allowed the enrollment of such claim, but on grounds of equity it addresses itself to the favor- able consideration of those who |)ass judgment thereon. That Agent Gillutrt himself dill not put the claims of those white nie.i upon e,(|nality with those of the half-breeds, is evident iVom the fact that he c(dlected from them, or allowed to becollecteil, a commis- sion of ?■>!■") each, befon; the delivery of the scri]». Peisons of this class \^lio refused or were niiiible to jMiy this commission, diil not receive their scrip. We also lind that those of the half-breeds who claimed their scrip received it without paving any com- mission, and that others who for any reason failed to see Gilbert and demand tlu! scrip which li(* held in hand for them, did not receive it, it not being considered by (iilbert as a jinrt of his otti(nal duty to acquaint his wards with the i'act that he held proi)erty in trn.st for them. We find that so generally was this by Gilbert consideied as final, and a fallillnient of the treaty stipulations in regard to land for the Chippewas of Lake Superior, that for eight years thereafter, from 1856 to 1864, no further claims were nmde under this treaty. In 1H()4 it was discovered that Chippewa scrip would be desirable property. For thongli on its face it is expressly declared available for the original appliiiant only, and its transfer forbidden, it became nevertheless an article of trade, and was kept on sale Ity biokers and at the princi[>al banks of Saint Paul. The discovery seems to have been made at one and the same time by certain parties in Saint Paul, and by Luther E. Wehb, Indian agent at Lake Superior, that the provisions of this were much more ex- tended as to the number and <|ualificatious of its beneficiaries than as yi^t had been supposed. This enlargenu;nt of the ju-ovisions of the treaty was based upon the new construction now given tf> it. The classes "belonging to the Chip))ewas" of Lake Su- perior, "and each head of a family" were made to include only Chippewa half- breeds anywhere, on the ground that all Chipftewas are related to each other, there- fore can he said to " belong to the Chippewas of Lake Superior." " Each head of a family ■' was made to mean both husband and wife of the same family. Why, then, this construction was authorized by the Department of the Interior, your commission Las no means of knowing, but it seems impossible that so large an issue of new scrip should have been made without raising such inquiry as would easily have led to the discovery of the work going on. This Work of obtaining new applicants for scrip, which now assumed and h.as since held the i)roportions of a regular business, was undertaken almost simnltaueonsly at Lake iSiipi'iior and in Saint Paul. Agent Webb had in his employ two mixed-bloods, James Chapman, • ■ . ■ ^ . 1 »■ >■■ i t -♦"!. ' -* % - • '"**.*■ *■.,• :s.;. '..^ -t /■'• 't. •>; ■ ' .,- ^"*- ;■..=•" „ '.. :iji.*'^j!i,„-. ■:■: 1 v•'::>':i;■.v^;■.■^v■■■ ■ '■ . '.■"•,''-'>^''""';'.i.' ;■. . ,;■.•;• ^f ;-,T.,.; i\ ■. ' .•"^'■- •;->tv ;•■■■. I ^■.'■■.*-.i - ■ ^■' •■'•r', ■■*' ■ ^ ' : ■ ' ; (•! :,'. •« n 58 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. man unil Gnrnoo aru idontitying witiioflsnH, and cortiticH tliat tliis day Haid Dda J Clitipnian apiiearcd lielbiu him, and subscribod uuditr uath to tUo facts net furth iu tLu application. For tlie facts ill thu case of M. Moriiiiger, we respectfully refer you to the followiuir allidavitH: ,: , , ! , " Statk ok Wisconsin, County of Douglas, us. ; " D. (leorjjc MsHeil by ,Itis(4ih Gurnoe and .John W. Bell, and executed February 4, 1805, btilore L. E. Webb, Indian agent, relates to the aforesaid Michael Morringer, wlio was drowned iu the year 18(W. " D. GEORGE MORRISON, "Sworn to and subscribed before me this 28tli day of July, 1871, at Superior City, Wisconsin. " S. N. CLARK, United States Indian Jgent." " Statk. oi- Wisconsin, Domjlas County, ss. : " Vincent Roy, jr., a mixed-blood, belonging to the Chippewas of Lake Superior, Iteing duly sworn, ileposes and says that he was aci|uainted with Michael Morrinjjcr, referred to in the above atlitlavit of D. (jieorge Morrison, for about seventeen years prior to this year 18()2; ami further, that having read the above atlidavit of D. (icDrf^e Mor- rison, he states that he is acquainted with the facts as therein set forth, and knows them to be true. , " VINCENT ROY, Jit. " Sworn to and subscribed before mo this the 2i5th day of July, A. D. 1871, at Snperior City, Wisconsin. "S. N. CLARK, " United States Indian Agent." " I hereby certify that I am well acquainted with above aiUants, D. George Morrison and Vincent Roy, jr., and that their statements are entitled to full credit and buliet'. "S. N. CLARK, " United States Indian Agiut, "Dl- LlTII, MiNNKSOTA, J«/i/ 29, 1871." In this connection we would also most respectfully invite attention to the evidence of .Tost* ph (lurnoe, given before this commission on these applications, and which is embodied in Schedule A, herewith forwarded. In tiiis evidence he states that ho pro- tested agiiinst signing thi! applications of curtain persons, but that he was coiistrainwl to do so, because he thought himsidf obliged to ol)ey the instructions of his eniployor, and that all which he did sign were signed under instructions from Agent W(!l)l). Wo instance one case only in this report, referring to said schedule for abundant others— that of iVter Young, whom (iurnoe swore he knew to be a full-blooded Imlian. This man being absent from Baytield at the time we were there making our investif^atioiis, we were obliged to procure other evidtiuce than his own statements; and present the aHidavit of .Fohn Bulfalo, an lulncated chief of the Red Clitf baud of Lake Snperior Chippewas, ((ileil herewith, and luimbered Ifi, Schedule A,) and is as follows : "John Hiirtiilo, being (irst duly sworn, says that Osh-kt^-mu^-na, known in English as Peter Y'onng, is well known to this alHaut as a full-blooded Indian, without any admix- ture t)f white blood; that when General Luther E. Webb was Indian agent at Baylield he called Peter into his olUce, and induced him to sign au application for scrip niuler tjie La Pointe treaty of SiMitember [W, 1854. That said Peter did not pretend to be of white or black athnixture, but of pure Chippewa blood. That said Wisbb paid hiiu J'-Jo for his application; that said Peter has not received any scrip or any further consider- ation for the same. This atliant was presout iu Webb's office when said apitlicatiou waa signed and said money was paid. "JOHN BUFFALO. " Sworn to and subscribed before me, &c, " S. N. CLAKK, " United States Indian Agent." IN BUFFALO. CHIPPEWA HALF-HREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 59 It nlso nppears that Mr. Webb fiirniHhe0 on his dwelling-houHe and lot What Chapman ro- leivcd we are not fully advised. In this nuinner a larjje list of names was secured, out ot'\vlii('li over two hundred applications were prepared, under Webb's directions, upon liliinks furnished by him. These were signed by said Cha]>man and Ouriioe, as identi- fviiifi witnesses, who jmrport to swear that they knew the applicants, and that they are iienelieiaries under the provisions of this treaty. T. J. L. Tyler then Kilned the jurat j» justice of the peace, while Aj;ent Webb certillod to the cliaracter of the witnesses, and that they are worthy of cre/ ■ ■'• '. "■-:• ?■'.■•'■'»;■•' ■§ '(jy-<.-'-i'-c ■';-■'■■'' ",■*■•■ . ,: ■jv ■/^.■ '' ■ ■ • • . fc-V" ^..i: '. ' ■•^■■' ii'fj/i'''- ^;j ■ •■ J- ^■■, '*\ '•■ ■■• I ''::.■■■ ^ :H ^'\ . . «rS ' . V .* •,. : .. < -i "( . -i ' ; • ; ; f . ■' .■■■/:■: ■\:k.h:^' t ..,'"v'..^^^^'^^.■ •*•'■<».«:;■>'■■'••■,■«•■'• I • '■••■■' *'■ '••-.■'i ■ . '* ' ■ -. v.;'.'.?. ■: ..'-■■' ■■■■ ■■■.■'■;'"-.>■■*"'' ■*t p ■■ * ♦ • . - ■ . ■ .- -I • .. >:,>--- T •.-.•(■ t v ••■■ . . If.'; ' ■,-,-v> -•■.■>■ H: i't .'-■.'■'^■': ■''Hl| ;:1.:-:;'K^ tlMiJl 60 CHIPPEWA TTALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 1 ,',1. :•" I t' ■ .£t.:7i.l. brothers, ninl siHtur, wore all ontitlwl to this siirip. I iKlvisod tlnMii all to hiivi' iioIIiIim' to , inclusive, from which we copy iis follows: Miitilda Thompson (Xo. 4()) swears that '• I wa>s a married wouiiui Sci»tcinbcr .10, ll:i.")4; that I inadeiip|)lication for scrip under the treaty of September '.lO, ItT)!, made at La Pointe, Wisconsin, through Isaac Van Etten; that I never saw the scriji, but wim told by Van Etten that the scrip was worthless; that it could only be lai-',')4, through Isaac Xuu Etten. When I went to him to iijudy, ho said it woiililbi! for forty iicres. I was on a furlough from the Army — I wiis a soldier in the i jiioii Army. He then iiskcd me if I wanted to sell ; I siiid, yes ; what is it wortli t He wii'l be would risk $2Q, but did not know whether be iiiy Van ICltcn, was sold Ity William 1*. ])olo, late Connni^siont-rot Indian Affairs, Id J. I'. Wilson, of Saint (Mond, Alinncsnta. In tlio spiiuK of lH(ir», ciMtain pailii^s, lesi- iliiits of Saint Paul and vicinity, dctcrmintsd to visit tlio Kt'd Rivtsr country, larjjcly iiiliiiliitcd l»y niix«.>d-ldoods of tlio Pombina bands of Cliippcwas, and take their appli- I'.tioMs for scrip, under tiiis treaty. As yet, no operator had Umux bold enough to claim tliiittliis band, separated from Lake Superior Chippewas by the entire breadth of tho ^tiiti>ot Miinn'sota, never, within the nu'inory of nnin, having; bad any tribal rtdatious whatever with tlicni, could be embraced witliin tbo provisions for the mixed-bloods of Liki' Superior. Accordingly, a notary public, IT. S. Donaldson, and an iiiteri)reler, went to that hith- crtii luicultivatcd (ield, and nuide diligplicants by which tliey were to jiay ijfitt for procuring their scrip, or were to jtcrmit Air. Kittson to retain llie een faithfully observed by Mr. Kittson, ami those who became interested with him in said applications, it would have been the most favorable of any nnide for the balf-ln-ticds, and at the same time would liav(» b(!en liigbly advantageous to Mr. Kittson and his associat<;s; for there liaviiig been taken over four hundred ai>i)lications, the commission on tin; whole would liavc iimounted to liii'J(l,(tO(t, while the legitimate expenses could not have exceeded s'),0()0. Hut we regret to say that he has not fullillcd this agreement, and that we failed to (ind more than two of tln^se ndxed-bloods who have received $1 upon said ajji'ci'iiient, altliongh we hav■■ ■ ■ - • .■.•.'■, ^-^' f.', ..'.■ 'I i;'.;:'-v..'^> .■•v,''i| ■'."■•. ■',.•■.•■;»■■•••"»•"$/ .;■ .1 ■; I ; if,* X •?'♦'■'.■■■ ;:!* .-.r-A : .^'.w ■,>.-, '^iW - . I ■■■" • v.f--'^ft| 1'l^\ '■' ■■.>.' • » •■ ■■i.'l. •■" ■'is :■■'* .■;•■ ■'■ .■-^^'^fi»;^l ■•: •- ■•.• • : ;■■■ > al 'm H 62 CHIPPEWA IIALP-BKEEU8 OF LAKE SUPERIOR. m •» • it DiHtrict court, Nci'ond JiiVll.S<>N, «lorcilril, A. !>. 1H(>7, by ntirH lie twccn William P. Dolt*, of tho lii«t part, and J. P. WiLson, of tlio Moiiond p.ut, wit- lU'Nwtth that the isaitl party of th<; lir^t |iart doivs hrrcliy sell, and at thoexcciilioii «f thcMO pr('si'iit8 of the Nccond part does liercliy fnrther a;!rce that the said «Mni of money, to wit, .iiili,/-^!), sliall be paid previoi.s to tins Hth day of Octobci-, IHtiH. out of any moneys tinit. may be eollected from the Uiiitiiil .States by Oharlcs King, tiie attorney of the said party of i.ie second part, wiio. as miuIi attorney, is now anthori/.ed to collect from the United Statch the Hnm of ijjilO.IKid, In'injr the amontit id" money agreed to be |iaid to one A. .J. <.,'ami>liell by the I'nited .Sliilcs tinder artich^ il, treaty of .Inne P.), lH<"iH, ' Mendawakanton and Wall: akoota' liiiixlsut' Sioiix Indians, accepti'd and ralitied by the President of the United States, Maicli :)l, 1K^>1), and which claim was, on the *^()(h of August, lHl!(i, assi;t;n(^d and sold to the |iai'ty of the second |iart by said A. •). (Jain|ibell, and t lie said t'harles Kin^ is hereby autiimixcd and directed to pay to the said jtarty of the lirst part ihi' full sum of titM'JO, so soon -m lie shall collect the same fitjin the United States as hereinbefon^ provided, and witliimt further or other instructions or aiithoiity, which payment, when made, shall lie in lull of all oblii>'ation on the part 'if thi^ party of th;' I'iiil t(i collect the sum of ijjilC, (1(10, as is therein |irovidcd, then, anj;reenieiit is duly stamped .">,") cents, and the stamps duly cai cclcd. And the plaintiff allej^t's that no part of, or portion of, ijjiti.T'Jd was ]iaiil |iievioi to the Hth day of ()ctober, A. D. iHdH, nor at any time since that date, out of ai moneys collected from the United States by Charles Kiu<;, or any other moneys, uii that said Charles Kin;; has failed to collect the said sum of ?ii|(t,(IO() speciilied in wii ».. ,t I ...,., .....1 t\ f ..>■ ...i.:..i. i\,.. .i..i'.....i....«^ 1...... „;.,.... f,. .i-;!^ ,.,, tl "And fliat the said a>j;reenieiit is duly stamped .">,") cents, and the stamps duly can- .1...1 4... I *i i..:..*:*i- ..11 *i...*. 4- ..*■ ♦: ** .ii-i; r.io M vloilS any and 111(11' i-^lliviviiflilii-i JVlli^ im.T llllivtl !■'«.. «>ll1~t.nn-'i tti HillU at^recnient and every part thereof, of whii^h the jo to do. Wlierelore the plaintitf demands .judgment against the defendant for the snm of iiii(>,72(l and iiiter.st thereon, from the Hth day of ()ctober, A. 1). IHtiH, at the rate of 7 per cunt, per annum, besides the costs and disbnrsemeuts of this action. "UAMPKEYS, 'MOHN H. SANIiOh'N, "riuinllff's Attoriuijs, Saint I'aiil, Minnmta. "Mauch U, 1870." "Statk ov Mixni'..sota, County of liammi, «s. : ".lolin B, Sanborn came before me, personally, .and, being duly sworn, doth say that he is said plaintiffs attorney in the above-entitled action : that the foregoing iileadinj; is tnie, to the best of his knowledge, information, ami belief; and that the reason why this affiilavit of verilicatiou is uot made by said plaiutiti' is, that ho is absent froiu tho nilPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 63 romity of RiiiiiHoy, MiiiiiuHutu, whuru ichUIuh tliis atlliuit, liis attorney; ami fiirtliur saitli not. "JOHN B. 8ANH0HN. I'SiiliHrribod and hwoiii to before me on tluH 14th day of March, A. I). 1H70. [sK.M.l , "N. H. HKIIJ,. '* NoUuy I'ttblU; Minin»otti." "8tato of Minn(>sotn, diHtrict court, Hccond jiidivial dmtrict of Uaniaey County. "WlI-IIAM P. IJoi.K :\ .:.,., JOHKl'll p. WlI-HON. ) ,,,, ' i: / . "Ami now c(«n('H tlie said dffpndant, and answrrlnj; the plaintiflTN complaint, says : Tlint tlic Haid plaiiititl' did not, at the tinio Ntatcd in the (toniplaint, nor at the time or lirlori' tlie making and delivery of the ajirci^nient in 8aid eomjilaint Net forth, deliver to the defendant Haid twenty-ei^ht pieces of Cliippt^va hiiil'-breed Hcrip dencrilied in wiid a;rr('inient and in Huid complaint ; and th*< Haid ])laintitV Iuih not y(!t delivered thoHamo fdtlKMlet'eiidant, nor any Hcrij), except twenty-f'onr certitlcatcH liereimifter described, aiid wliieli were delivered on and bel'ore tlii; 7lh day (d'.June, l^()7 ; and the (lelendant siiys that the said Ho-calliMl scrip was not worth or of the value of $15 per acre, an noted ill the roniplaiiit, or of any value whatever. "And the detendant further says that, on and before and for a lonj; time after the rfspt'c live dates of the certilicates hereinafter mentioned, the said plaintid' was the (lnl,vii|i|iointed and acting Commissioner of Indian Alluirs umhM' tlie laws of rheUnitt^l States, iiiid beln^ such Connnis.siimer, and assnuiiii of tlui pers>;n) as one of the peiKdns entitled to the bciielit of the provisions of the; seventh clause of the second artifli! of the treaty aforesaid. "(iiven under my hand and the seal of the Department of the Interior, this day and year above written. [SKM,.] "'W.T. DOLE, '■ ' ' II < Comininnioiicv.' "That the said certidcates were numbered, lettered, dated, and issued in the name of, and iiurportiuiL; to be for. the sole personal use and beuelit of the several persons ri'spt'ctively fidlowing, to wit: "No. .'), |{, of said certituates, dated April 13, 1864, was in the name of, and purported toln^ for the benetit nf Peter (JhouiU'rd. "No.'Jl, C, dated May 11, 1H(>4, in nanu^ and for the benefit of Lucy Briddle. "No. T:i,C, dated Auf^ust 2.'), 1H()4, in name and for beiu;lit (dlMa..!. Chapman. ''Nil. 71, C, dated Auynst •^.'), 18(!4, in name ami for benetit of Charl()tt4, in name and for benetit of Margaret La Fond. "No. 4."), C, dated .lune 1:5, 18ti4, in name and for benetit of Francis Hird. "No. I"2,C, dated .tune Li, 18(54, in name and for benelit of. John ]$. Goslin. "No. :)(), bitter and date not known, in name and for the benetit of .John I>. Gurnoe. "No. IS'i, (:, dated November l"i. lH(i4, in name and for benetit of .Joseph J4,in name and for benetit of .Joseph Nolan. "No."27t), C. .-.■'.<•••.' ■ . if- • *t '^ -^f '■■ "' ■".' •■•• -■..■■•: v;v .'.(■;>:,,• I ■f y'.V''-^-.:^; .:,■ :..l : ■■-■ ' . ■« >•- , • - -J .■ t ■■ ■;■■■ -- ••' J- % V ■ '-^^ *M*:*r -'• ' *;>'. ■J H t'IIIPl'i:\VA llAr.r-IlHKKDS of LAKK HlJl'lililOR. 'li ;,»■.'■■ 3!< I f ' i ^:i' m 0^ m "Nil. 1(17, l», (lilted Miiy 1", Hf'..', it) imnu- niid for Ix-nt'tif nl' .roscpli Sayrrt. '^'No. Itl'i, l>, (Inli'd Miiy l<>, iHi'i, in naiiic anil tor Iti-iU'tit of I't'tn Hiiyiinl. " No. li:t, 1», ilalcil May 1<», HtS.'i, in niiiiiK ami tor Itcnttit of Isalxdlu ( Jranlmis. " No. ',M>, 1», iliitcil May |0, Jhim, in naini* and for liciM-tif of .l(mi*|tli (Jarrilii lu. " No. 1'iil, II, datt'd .May li>. Hii.'», in iiaiiiH and for Itcnctit, of Kdward Uaninni, "No. 1o;t, l>, ilaird May in. 1"^*'), in iiaiin' and for licncllf of .Foifpli Ku'dcriiku, "No. ]<>•.», M, dated .May !<•, Hll'i, in name and for 1> lit of FianvoiM IfainJH,.. "No. O'J, II, dated May Kl, H(i.">, in nainit and tor lieiielit of AiiK»'lie. (Miariettu. "No. 17;t, II, dated .May 10, IHo."), in name and for lieiiellt of Loiiin Vivier, "No. 171, 1), dated .May 1(», iwi."), in name and for lienellt of Franvoi.^ Vivier. " Wliieli s.iid eertitieateN an- llm HaiiiM tliinj^s that are referred to in Naid e(>iii|ilikiiit niid tliereiii ealled ' C'lii|)|>e\vu land-scrip' and '('liippewa lialf-ltriMMl m!ri|i,' the hIkivh Boeeilied tweiity-foiir of wliicli wore dulivureil Ity tlio plaintiti' to tlio defemlanr., us tliereinliefori! admitted. "And the defcMidant, farther aiiswerinyr, says that the Pn-Nldent of th« Kiiited .Sfntos lia.s never assi^rind to eaidi or either of t lie Naiil persoiin named in the aforenaid iwrtiii- cates or Heri]) ei;xlity ai^rcH of land, or any land for Iiih, or her, or their use, nor luts tiiH Biiid peiHons, or either td'tiiem, ever seleeteil any land under tlii) diriMitioii <>{' tim I'rtw- idunt for ids or liernwn use, m' for any nse or [inrpose under the provisions of tin- miijiI treaty, and th(f I'n^Mideiit of the United .'States did not diniet or authorize the iii;ilefore admitted, ami tin* defendant is in. formed and lielievcs that th* idaintitl'iiever p.iid oryave any considoralion for lh(!s;iiil certitieates or scrip, e.\cept his service's in issiiiiifj and doliverin;; to other parties, wlio were not entitled thert'to, a (inantity of lilie certitieates; all of wliiidi was done l)y tliu l)laintitt', in violation of his oHicial duty as sindi (Ji)uiniissi(Hier, with intent to ciioiit and defraud the United States and tho mixed-bloods of the Chiiipowas referred to iii the aforesaid treaty. "Wherefore the defendant denmnd.s judgment and costs. "MA8TKKSON & HIMONS, ^^AltortwjHforDefinduiitjSt.FaulfMinimola. " St.vtk of Minxksot.v, Coinifji of linmsei/, sa. ; " Henry F. Masterson, of said county, beinjr duly sworn, says that ho is one of tho attorneys for the ivbove-namcd defendant; that the fore^foint; answer is truc>. to the l)e«t of hi.s knowledfie, information, and lielief, and that the r.Mson wliy this allidavit of verilicatiou is not made by siiid defendant, is that he, said defendant, is absmit i'lom the said county of Kainsey, where his attorneys reside. " HENltY F. MASTEh'SON. " Subscribed aiul sworn to before me this 3d day of May, 1871. [1.. .s.] " \V. P. MUJ?UAY, "Xolary Ptthlic, I'amsey I'ountjj, Mintimfa." We are well advised that the averments of Mr. Wilson's answer are correct and triio. Oscar Taylor, of Saint Cloud, sent to the Indian IJurtiaii the applications of AlexandtT illair, Marjjarct Blair, Mary Ann lUair, Aiij;eli(iue Trotochand, and Erhvard l?lair. After a reasonable time, not hearing from them, he wrote for information, and received a reply from a clerk in the Bureau that, if he would permit the retention of two of tlKs hvc pieces, they would issue the whole, and forward suitable blanks to bo executed for that purpo.se. Taylor refused, and tho scrii» was not issued. From 1805 to IHiiS no .scrip was issued. In 18CS the throe hundred and ten applira- tious remaining in the hands of X. W. Kittsr)!! and his associatos were ptaciMl in tlie hands of Franklin .Steele, a resident of Georgetown, D. C, to lay before Coinniissioiier Taylor, of the Indian Bureau. The Commissioner issued .scrip on all the applica- tions, notwithstanding the fact that many of them were defective in form, as will appear upon examination; and notwithstanding the more important fact, that proba- bly not one of the three hundred and ten apiilicants had any claims under the treaty. This negligence of careful attention to duty has cost the Government, in this instame, ii4,000 acres of tho most valuable lands iu the Northwest. Commissioner Taylor also ■ v." CniPPKWA TfALF-RRKEDS OP LAKE SirPERIOR. 65 MASTEHSON. jnHiiiiH'fl tlni iMjwer to cxtcud tli« provHimis of thu trpafy Ity iiiilnnting, ovor liU nijjim- tiiri', iii'TOHH tlio fiM'e of itach piuuit, Mutt IIiIn Hcrip coiiltl Im litiii uhov*>, wo liavc heard lit' 11(1 iii!4taiieK< >'■ the liritinh poHNHNHionH, to make ■tottlemenl with the lntlf-hre««dM. Tlit-y ^iviitliiM mail KobiiiHoii fifty dollarH, for wliich lie in reiiiicNted to olitain n warranty ilri'il iViMii tiiene inixed-biotHlM fur the landn h)cated by their Herip. Ilo obtaiim this ilrril. of tlie nature of which tiiev liave but a dim ('oneepiion, for the HiiialieHt posNilihi .iiiiHliliration, and appropriatON tne buhuiee of tiiu fnndH to liin own piirpoxeH. Thus i|iiri4»ii olHeer of the (jovernment Join handH witii thot*e wlio oppreHH and defraud the jHKii itiiil ignorant. In tiiiH connection we refer yon to ulHdiivitH, nnnibers one to iifty- tlirw, iiirhiHive, of ScinuUilo I). We I'urwanl herewitii three Mehedulett, A. 1\ which (contain the factHand theeviihnee ttiicu ill refereiien to the iipplications thei .n enroMed, with tiie accompanying aitida- viM. This eiuHes our report upon the HU|ii)lemental iiiHtriu;tioiiH to investigate iHHiit.s III ttirip already made. Ki'ferriiig to our iimtructioiiH to aHcertaiii who are Htill lieiieflciarieH, under t)ie rwiiective clanHCH of the trentie,s of 1854 and l^fiM, it \h jiroper that we Hhouhl make >ome );eiieral MtatementH in ex[iianatioii of what might otherwiHe be ditlicult to be iiudcrtttiiod. WoHoeii found that tlie ai>plieatioim, formally made out with identifying witnesses Kwl cirtilicd to by a piibliu olHcor, were wholly unreliable iin evidence that the appli- cant WHS entitled. Many |>arti(!H have made two, three, iiud soinetiineH more applieatious, stating in each ibiit tiiey had never applied before, (see Stshedule B anplied ; and many persons, coimtrs often certified, as a matter of form, to parties they had never heard III, and, ill some instanc(>s, made out certiticates in blank. Tims the a)i|>lications before us in themstdves furnished no evidence in support of tbeeliiiiiiu of the applicants. For these reasons we have relied very little ujion the ;i]i|ilicatioiis themselves, but almost entirely upon the personal examination of the liinty,er, where that was not practicable, upon the examination of those who were ]>"r- vMially aciiuainttMl. W'l' liiive prepared two schedules, B and C, on which are enrolled the names of >:•: 1; ;ili|ilii'itiitH as appeared before us by attorney, together with the evidence and facts we liave ulitained in reference to each case. How little care has been exercised by these agents in procuring applications will be sui'u from the fact that some parties are induced to apply who are found ti' *'o very vuiiug, while others long since dead are made to furnish their application: for this balf-breed scrip. There will also be found on this li.st the names of many white persons who are gen- «ally connected by marriage with the Chippowas of some of the bands, and many others still who have never resided for any length of time in *'ie United Stales. The critical examination of each application, made necessary by their irregularities, has lM;eii given so far as was possible upon our part. On the Ist day of July we notified the attorneys that wo were ready to hear any ivideucf Ihcy had to offer touching the applications they respectively represented, and reiieatedly thereafter called their attention to the same matter ; but generally we have received little response from any of them, and have therefore been left to make onr investigations, for the most part, without their aid. Schedule C represents the applications filed for scrip under the treaty of September •W, W54. We have decided these cases upon the principles already stated, viz, that wouieu having living husbands September 30, 18r)4, and all persons who had not some time during their lives a personal connection, in other wonls, did " belong to the Chip- liewas of Lake Superior," are not proper claimants. On this principle we have rejected 5 H B S ■4»' ..' ■V.-.J -• ■■ i ■• !•,;, •■. ! >t- * .i^K->' i''-' • - < hi, * :: r,\.,'::>;. : 11 (I ^'^•'''■■.iii >?^-?-* "■;■'* ■'•••"•■' , '■■ -V'.'>''i.",;.:-/ j '.'■'■■"A . ■■i..V>\'.?^V/. .J fvj,,, :';■;■■;-.-;•■:■■, 66 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. mi- |"v.-S-->" tbo applicatioiiH of all mixert-blooda who are connocted with the Mississippi aud PiUn. ger bands and tho Ptjnibina and Red Lake bands, aUhoiij^h their tathors and inolliBM may some time liave belouj>t;d to the Chipp»!was of Lake Superior. Very few of tbc a]>pli(;ants in these bands, Iiowever, claimed to have any other connection with the Lake Snperior Chippewas than that they were of a coniiuou ancestry and foriuerlv drew their annnities at the sauif ai^eucy. There are fonr hinidred aud ninety-rive applicants njion this schednle, many of v\\nw are also found to be applicants upon Schedule B ; this is exclusive of duplicates. Schedule B repnssents the applications riled under the treaty of IririiJ, nuinburinL' seven hundred aud tweuty-threc, besides duplicates. These claims we have also adjudj^od according to the limitations of the treaty of IStv!, which requires that each beueficiary shall be a male adult half-breed, who is reflated by blood to said Chippewaa of Red Lake and Pembiiui bands. T.'iis wt bavc construed to mean close relationship at the present time, and not the ndatioiishipofa remote common ancestry, and have also insisted that the applicant shall be a cilizen of the United States. Owing to the widely-.scattered localities and the roving lives of the Pembina half. Ijreeds, it has often been very dittieult to decide those questions to our entire satisfac- tion. In such cases we have generally given the half-breed the benerit of tlis doubt, Schedule F contains the names of parties who, according to instructions of Hon, j, D. (Jox, former Secretary of the Interior, nmdo personal application to locute their claims under the treaty of 18.'')4 for Lake Superior scrip at the land-oHic«i in Saiut Clouii, Nearly all these persons came in Saint Cloud with one of the Red River traiuf*— a loiiir procession of carts, that comes annually laden with furs from the Northwest and the British jiossessions. These half-bn.'cds, and others camping on the juairie near Saint Cloud, were taken in charge and brought in crowds to the land-otlice. They .•iiibsciihw! and swore to a])])lications, were identiried in due form, located their eiglity acri'H, and immediately conveyed it to their friends, who had so kindly informed them of the bounty of a generous Government, and, receiving in turn from ll.'i to $40 eacli, thov went their way to their carts aud to their homes in Canada. In these llri siiccossfiil applications we rind, after the most diligent search, the name of oidy one man who belonged to the Chippewas of Lake Superior in 1854, Edward Wells, and he bad al- ready received his scrip under this treaty. One person. Paschal Belgard, is a member of the Manitobeau government, and uevei 5)retended to have any rights under this treaty. He was approached imd oflureil %\li for his name. He distinctly declared he was not a projier claimant, but was told it did not matter ; and so he took the |15, aud some other one took tho eighty acres of land, Schedule G shows the personal applications made in a somewhat similar way at thf land-otrice at Du Luth. We would call the attention of the Commissioner to this schedule, and the certittcate indorsed thereon. Schedules A, D, and E have already hadsutlicient reference. Schednle K contains a list of applications taken by R. F. Crowell in 1870, luider the treaty of 1H.">4. We have passed upon the same in accordance with the construction of the treaty adopted. Schedule L lication be allowed ; and that the Indian iijjiiit for the Pembinas, or some other designated authorized person, shall be recpiired towrtity that he has made all necessary in(|uiries in the, case, and believes the appli- rtiiit is entitled. iliini. Tliat immediate action be taken on the entries at the Saint Cloud land-office. ;issi't fertii in Schedule F, and the Du Lnth land-office, as set forth in Schedule G, and lliiit said entries be canceled, not one of them having been found entitled. Kointli. That in any treaties hereafter to be made with any tribe of Indians by wliieli lands nniy be ceded, no promise of scrip shall be made a part of the con.sidera- tioii by tlie Government, ihe\)rovisions under the "homestead law " being regai'dedsuf- lipibiit to provide for all who des re to settle on the land, and all of the iaalf-bree ► -1^1 ■.'■ ,' '■'•i^-' '"r*" ■■-'■ ■■' " i_ Uk'.V- •-■V'...vi',,;'.! a ,••:.! ■■;?■■■*•- '"'yi- >| . . -.."f'-- ' ■ V- ■ , •.- - 'I - ."' '■.'••■ ■ '. '"i^V-. -I •• , ■ '■• ' • '*• • ■* -I 1 •*■>*.'■;>•?•'■'•' ■>■■*' '•■■ ■•.•.r'>;. ''.;■'!"• ■.,•;■' J *'"■ ' -j^ " ^ •'.•■:;ii.: j.'^.v . :•'*.* (I ".:'*. V. ^■, .:;;-,-,;. J-.*: :-L-V-ir- ^'■';,',^ ■■!..'•■ ■ - m.* -' ;;- • :-''^ : ■ • ;• .\^^u'.' ■», V- !•>■•■ ; ■-• !"»;' '/..•.• • /J.'. ■ "J ■•'■.;■■■•.■■ .-:<(': 'w'V';i-,\' •■• '■ •.*-.•♦,»'' - '►- >. " -So.. ■■?;:•■ ....■■.■..■ . .,'■%,>->,•. 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"" S S3 * 2® O 9"^ ^^ 5 S k t- ■* c s t^ "^ .« ■« Oj i! : S b (- 'fe& MC^ MM MM I ^ H M c -9 S X "-• .tf o'g ar.2e 2 « c s? i ex e a x^ -1^ Wm 0-3 5 =;c J o «™ « si 5-s • a_ 1^" — a . a o c> > "■ Ifl K- a, >-5 a. 2 .2 « rt ■5ja C-o P c- c p. :; :C a « r- £ j= Si O U ^ O u X 9 s tn a a a *^ g a ^ a rr. d <^ 9 s. a s iJ U w^ ■■ ,-. • : •■ - •-.,«*.(. • t em :^K ;■' ■ • .> ,• ■•;■ ■- •■ ••• '. .--*■' <*-?-.■• ■ ■ ' *.' :';• :>.r .. t '«/, •9.--» J« ;.. •,■>■ . • I dK4 V: ■• '•■■■ •■ ■■ ^^ ■; ■ "^--..--v '-'V .■ ■> ,: V •• :>::.. ^^:V••'':.V■,;/ - J.-.-' ".-'. -".•«'■ ' ■'*.-'■■ ^....'jf; . . ..■^.■,-1 -".'■*.'•.*'■ ■ ' ' .''*" Vioi'l m I mm MP 72 1 s a o I i . a o ^ to •« c ■5 a S ^ 5S is J; 9 I -3 -3 en < ii Li s CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPEKIOR. e. a. a 3 S S'-a 'a.2« |2 = tOI-* .- III a*- ■»-• =* i a , oj a o oa J3 =-- 11 i| ".&«» 4) X a a ? .• -J 2 ~ fi 3 r =• « a-* a: *^ 2 2 2 aw •5 5^1 = ta .S.S 3 o > i a S-2 VH •a .a s ^. >»-•■■" "5^ o a a ^*j a "3 a 3 CI . 1i 00 £^ 3.2 o o l| |i J o g aa 3 iC ^ .. ± K J'-' . . . ■= 5,-St! go's h a 3) rl"^ 3 2 ■•« « a^ a^ 3 13 O-S := "■« « O 3 a 3 .a -m"^** ^Js ^ .& lis 11 .= «=■ MS a a n;:^ a n;a _^ S K !" a 7 33a -r Chi" 2'3^3 3 s 3^ 3 a M 5 . 5P 'a t; 3 1^ — « ^h i-tM a »■« a 1) (B'w x 'r^^^% a .2 .. c -5 I ill fie«3-2 i_) » .« i-i - 1- S 3f^ 3 S 2 »- ^ 34-* 2 9.a-r 5 .ill .Hi iS^ S-3^'' c-5 ♦J a •"•" a K- >.S «« +ip l;r^ ^ fr^ « o.-a- f JJ i* as a ^ fe « '^ 3 comm w ^ 3 a « §11^ .5 3 o aj3- = -3 (9 33 ■£ ■SO a « *-» :; aS ^ jj :£ a 2 3 ' ■- rt-'-- =- .5I-5-3-.2 '?— ji i a s J3 .w o c Tj a 03wS3h a 3 c) a 3 a o a a 5 a 5^6^ «"S JO'S a a< V a. s S a a M M *- so 3 3 3 o '-S'^'-S'Tl 3 O . lis a a.3 ^i 3 J a 3 9 3 a . 3 3 3 5 - p 3 a 5_a ■S 3J 3 33 is -3 T..a K.a 3 at;, a- a a< O ^ 3 a a a '— ' W 3 « 3 M J 3 S 3 3 3 ■*l'-S>^>3>3'^ 3 3 a >5 e r ^ :.! .a 1 1 ■IJ f^ - « fe o o J: I 1 .a :; -^ ^ I f •ill O O n n: : :, :; a - a 3 5 : s 3 3 3 .3 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 73 •3 " .3 ■; ^ " ^ T ^ ^ a 5 « « a S.S 95 ^ a! * 5^ - *" 11^ § "i " '■ I O "i 2 s a." — a ■1 : . S i- *J i « O CS5 •S ® '•i . ■'3 1^3 s M a 1-5 .3 e ■S 9 9 2 & Ota oflT; H ^ a a .v-^y^i- "..■§•« ; X J i ^3 « O j a; - 1^ ; ^ ^ = c "^ 5 o.*'+3 «.S 'Mils ■°.S.2 a S^ SCSI'S o « KmmmmS .o I 2 .1. "a '2 a 08 J .„ -S Qd 00 5 OL ♦i c .- ♦* ^ 'S x,a.= sa5a as C/3 M M X I/: m IHM 4J- 5 — cc a ^^ .w-a i: 3 -'J if 03 s cc ® n s o s o a ^ A 4j O44) s 5j s oi a a efl c: K 9 ej O « C e4 h5 1-3 1^1-^^ SgoaSaoaocogS 5 o-S S>£ ES 3.S S.r o,g AO) Ac Av a*9^ A^ Ao) ^ egcies = ^s^l-5hsl-5'-Sl-5l-5>-5>T'-5»^>^ ej Q eS u 3 < g o a 9 a (_ n a n a ^ £S OS'S *'5 <0'5 :3 O cS 9 cS o I 9 go go OS'S SI'S a « S A c9 9 :9 C hjhj H5I-, fUaja S0503O •O-S X-S B-S oj »' Of & !« a* a » a ii' 3 " a K a e» a « a 9 8 9 s o a^ I •^ :§ :: ^ p4 2 a a ^ I s g a a = a - O S ^ ^ ^ = § § S '^ '^ rt d 1 O 9 =3 a. a o a o 9 CO if If ►^ s I I t-S 1^1 1^ 1-5 a 1 1 1 ^ 's ii ^ii if & a ^ ,3 .9 h ►^ i-s l-S It i^ a i-s a ►3 j3 j? Pi S Pi M S ^ a a s ,a 9 9 hj 1-5 a 8 S So S3 S S> Sj ,«(•■• 1 ^t^l V ; -V. ■ . ' .'. ••»■• - ■' ■« ■•;■.. .>; •'*•■ ■ •- .1 ^'^F,';"V.<',,^;;.i;\»J ■■^r•>^.:H.;i '•>'»i;<:.'-y -■■■■;«*-• ;v •:'■ I ■ ■•■-'••, :.;-;^-i,. . I • . 1 ■ i"./»- I ,•■>■:• . ■■/< .,«.«S>^' ■. : ,1 r -v-"..:-W" -V: ■•- I -- > >•-...::',-.• 4-. •;• ■ " . ■ "^ .' '■>•*.■■. .• . ■ I;-?, ;>*^: ■;.:<;;' :f:i . li,' •• • ■'■,:, . ■■^'- ■: T-^ r ^.' - V* /, V ••* . <•'•.' '.•..■■;■» w^ • .. •. - 4''. • \" - I •'.■ I -j^ ''■■'■'•■■. -i'^^^r , ., •t ■ - ■* i .' •.■ ,' ■ .■ rl ■ '.v ■'•-;H A ••« ilM Mi ^i-iw 74 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR • ^ a -^ > 3 t ^ - "5 t J! -i s : £'u 4 s u.s ^ t — -" 1; •* " s ^ a ^ ''.-", rt •n S 1- •'*• t: d - Z fi '7 ^ T - SI, i? ^^ ■3: :.4 ;'j .r^ ': J- p " -* J J * '■;!«"> a -. ^'•^if 1 1t \ ^iiP : :a : a ■ = 5S£ Si z J5 I' it 'J i b i 1-. a 1, CHIPPEWA HALIMIREE « OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 75 n I 2« ^ il ^3* 1 3 « C-fl •^^5 .^1 e ■- E-^ 5 = *« s s {•4(1 TJ I •!«.•• . '. '-^ J '•' 1.'. • ' .* . ...I •. • CI";. r'f^l *.•,•* ;. ■;.. S-! \ 1 ■.• ••■'.■,.^'v>'..- -'I '. ' -•••">v.' ■.;•-•; ;_ '.i.'-f,'. 5V'.■•.■v*:^*■ ','» V ^^.k. ' ■^•::^''; \<^^"l^. >/,r -.:r ,^•..;■r^-/^■•■'■ >• -.-».»: 4^- ':W: '.f 'v 'ij-..^:^ "'t . !■»;>' V / i . '■:■>•*■■' , ■K:'A^Jf,:-. Ml .» .■-.■ , ■ ■; ./■-•■)• ■■■■■■ -■ •' ' '■■t ■- Ti V- . . ■ -■ ' '," ■ • ••-5" '" ^' •. ' V "'"'-•■ ■^•"■.'-••^.i'''-'i| ■'Vi. I • ' ^ • ^» ■ ■ .". L'i J"*' ,^i. ,;.■.■*•■■ J^■\^^^"irl •■ . ■ w- r -'1 vf'i 1^^ ■"iy. a a '1 •Si I I 'S o a 02 H Z u a i-i CHIPPKWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. .2 ,- us .2 B i1 S bo PJ ^ a 3 "3 a" I o rj •3 9 2 I : ! J3 ,. i i CM o .S -^ a* -^ ^ ^ — i « S - Jj M'/: en t: Sti s •• o ■■ s 3 a s te = St 3. ;« _ a S* 'X C DC " 3 c '3 a o a s it la M *: -- : . = * £ a-|-a J B S 3 x ** aft.! •J e 3 a ^ ^ a T St rt « o £ ■•» Q r: n «! &a S - 65 r. -5 Is T-5 Bi ass8 « fc = S3 -J "^ a P.a St 5C 3 K es o >-5'-} 3 ® 3 ^ a ac 3 n c8 c a o ^ a a is ca .c a " e » m "' 1 a'ax ;- *7 = .2 ►■ ~ " = T i MX M -N M s u s o 'S c 'JO a a 3 5 go 3* 5 Si a S S% a o a o 1^ g, SI si '-Sl-5 iiliiisS 3.3 c.q 3 a &a 2 3 S 3 « 32 3 , :^ r^ ^ ..'. 4 Pi 4j St 3 ^ B V .-J I 3 5< ►r • J "5 1-5 T ►^ >-5 i-S a ■ a _ 3-3 s S 3 3 X a c '-5'-5 Sis « o s P4 3; ® » a s a 3 3 a « a Q P4 p; M 1-5 a o 3 j: « .2 h. e O X 'Ji a: c t •-5 ? s cS '^ ?g — J3 ?3 iS <; .U „ ^ 15 ts .3 « If M .a 3 .::: tf xn M m m :/: y- lit <© t^ CHIPPEWA IIALV-HREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR il 3 it 211 ? i as )S - ;; II II i? ^ ^ e B it § :5 2 13 h ^'A b - s . > >• B.= •5= fe § 5 W/J MM .f! % S. Si ■■ a »c s *- ■** « '.. a) . c ■= fc a- «^ « |.s 5:= Hm Si I" "3 I" "St B il %l tea ■" a 11.B 1 * M *£ o > to ''' ,-« a Si 2 ''.2 ~ o5.2* .5m>o * 5ac^ o — !!! » 0-5 a 'o'^ 5 » c 3 < a « • •A ^'•6 X > u "A !?! 5 die: §8i§ 1-2 (c? « a-i c. X " QQ « £ a o 5C3 If a c si a o B 9 £•2 5 3 «■§ a> M B'i a o c a. a .a V s e 1^ 3 s >I4 J3 X a •I 2 I I 11 1^ * .2 n a a i a a fa. a .0 a § e g o IS - •'■I' '' ' ■ ' i-'.'i! . • '■''•,' .■,'•' '■' ,, * ■ . .;• . '% >•:■."• , .... -y:.-!;!.,; j >••:•;■■• I'i-K' •'^V-v:pir: r. ^ . i- ; •'•...■ • # ' ■^^f:- w^;i;^'> "'^r-^'^-t*'*- '■'=•1 .:?;..•; c.--'- ,-■{,> .■■-.\ ;■;:■">-■'-■•. ■.•5^^■„;.. - . ■'•■-i' . •-- , ■ '- . ■ ?"n.: ::^^-''r ■.vf^^:^r -.»,'«. t-- '; ^ ,*.■ r:; '''i •■.-."•^r* L..:^^^f5^l i ^ll mm 78 CHIPPEWA HALF-UREKDS OF LAKE aUPEKIOR. 9 ^ I 4. S ^ • a rt a •« ►"•"a a :^t •S C « — ^.9 n-' ,fe it Si's T. - o a^ i «; ^-i; := a - - J* s " ■ i u ■ ■ -: — — S a c r? _• - c. 2 ■ 52- f(.£ J fi ■'a -A b a. •a « i-5 -'a'r'-i'it: i? ^ - w .. - » It "~^ is S a "V -T? "*" r — f. . tt .n J ".5i 7;=t ' X s a ; Sli ^ ; = St; a ^i5 i I >- ^ 3 a - « --^ ■- i - >- a.^ i IS i T — >^ >. 5 i a ^ ^ a Si .Si -a X 3 a ^i^' .2 ay. I ir a. a £ i; 2 ■?= I a .a u 2"T w a z. i^ . ? .53 ? a I - a a fl £ a .•- IT* T* X i b?s = = ~i Si -3 -. » 7 s = 3 1. !iH. ■c .- - . — oMJi.fc f ?a ■*; Sis — J a - > t; '"s - a 1. ^ - * 5|'= = a ,a a i 3 a - I 2 - .> n ■= ■§ :t — "* s 5 a ' — '^.2 ? 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V CHIITEWA HALP-HREKDS OF LAKE ftlTERIOR. 79 .A P ■J a' •t .■- ..CI. ■- 3 t it a o a I 1 s ! » s - 41 c a. 3"- * 5 5 ^ to " t-i stS : illt-S l- =" ™ - a I' 1— •• J3 < i2 i -r. il :— a »• 1. 3 a - : ■r: a U i ■ - r > I'S'^ _ ^ ^ _ 2 3 I n » S.'i a 3 3-^5 h-l CC a « 3 >■ i; - a ♦^ a I 33 5 1-3 ■■J o ^^ ^.2 ■.•? «!f &ae .a .a s & ' V Si q tc «; a =0 .- S J a5 5 a: if ti ^ fc- t. i 3— « «« C 3r3 J, o o a— i — ; -c-; a." » s MMM H . a « X s — u - a. ?j r, ,a C3 IT 3 — .•» ;^ 2 ® a ^ o c ^ «2 5 ^ * "ssai ^-^ "s w^- *=c!: ^- ^^J^ CSncC OJ.SC! 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J.'- - ■'■ ■ ■■ , t- '■■•' •■ 1>-"'-. ... ,n ■■¥ ;- r'- '"-•■.< v*r>;si 84 CHIPPEWA HALF-UREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. -3 S a a o o I 4 Of s sT .2 .1 S 1 .2 I > I D Q H UN u as = ■^•3-1 ■3 a 3 |Ji a .2 .5 * '3 . ^-"3 • "la a a^ o M I. o— (V !«.a big I. "-oS a *•£ ^ ^ i* ol S« ..3 g2rfSo^S'35a|S| J, .. J3 ft is 3 2^1 Jo; '*■■"'* III . X I rt r J >, C c — ■= 2 «:= '=.5.2tS a'S*^ PLi la Bj ittS a '. J2S a 4) u .5&< % ■a ,-a sac ^^•^ 'a '- 5 o o o T3 «-"C 1-5 i t-t^ aJco a CQ ^j X * -^^ as efeSS '^•sS'rai S S „_i^ „5 6s« «-. S-i-a a 3c t" a ^— ^ ,5 -^ t; liH I. S-a « !•- f ..H S : * o =.3 • o M s a ; a « x ^ ; 'I 2 3 S a So" e ?* I. i ^i3 a ti s o o "o -e "W <1 o o o •O -S '53 O -a a o I O .-3 X o ?D B. u a 3 « B •< t-S O !-5 9 1^ a 9 5 i5 « E= *— j; c c ■^ ' \ ■> < ^ I t a c ? t 1 ■J a c : ■«-i r. ■ 4 S i < 1 c 1 St i « « >\'-. OR. ■i '£ ^ a a •^ I S.S I* c a a 3c t«a 'i' »• — £j o . t. o J ai-i ' ~ « 1..- — a . 3 o tt 5 = a 3 "5 a «x -JV- ^ c A lr^ a >4 a D o 01 fi; ^. ,■> c - CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. > t. 2.2 4"3 I P:< !« a -- > '■- It- i' If; I ks -tf ia ^-- ^ ;:3 = =-?. 3 ■•;jxi .2 » cs * ?- I a re iS tc 3 J m « ® srEg „= -21 st o1 «i^^ •s.S s a «:2 „ _ a a 5 a o £.2 '3 •sifts': 1.2 § X J o • -•'■> a a b w o ^ o « — H a i « I a:S It . « aO ■a SJ 'jM-a J d} o) rt « 0-3 £•'5.'" o.a"' o._'M M 3-3 S iiO 2 « [(•=' a ! o is «, •==>«=?"-'- -.a "2 J ^5 3 6t ' « , 1-5 H° • , M.2i-= =3 :-5f u l§a H " fc .2 . • S I- J! I § 2 ? aa f C ii-s,ai aW CO o <-• 3 5 . £ « c c e - i* .s, ■= r: -c-; P< c • < W a c 1 J c - aj ■^ « 1 )i e f:^ ;^ S 1 f^ >-; M p^ J ) t- e ; a 1 ^ « iS B u i § X ^ S ^ 1 >. ;^ > a > 5 a ^ ■i: a 3 : ^ ^ « U r. : C cf g 1 is . !: ^ tl ) rt fl : -2 c U M )-; 85 "s » a 5i «^"2 .«. — ^ '2 w K <;i ^' 2 r" — ■= ■21-1 > 3 o cS - i< « ,., = 3 ? . "■ " *^ ■aia/5 g*" tp ^'s f ^ m% a I -< TO 2r (-1 ..a^'Sf-^ a 5 « a 2 ..» — E W.- 5 a;i, 3 o I. !* f .._§ a t: o ti = (- «~3 p . n «i; a ■*'*^ 4* j3S'^>. «ai-5a aa as^iuS^o."^ MM § s SB ^ <) B & C^ f-^ C! .TO OC JO ■Sa a .3 S -A n •3 o n "3 t." "3 o a I -a s m ^ il u § 1 a a 5 -I a as " ■ ■ . . ' "^ ^ ' ■ I ■ ' * .' •■'■'* ^'1 ?,v?i..;/,-.-».V"^..;.. I ■. «•;..' ■"•• -'.■• .r I ..v;'-. '.-x- i^l ,■",; -iW! ,,■_;• ■,tf"."* '■ .''' ■■■■ • .VV.v..:.;r^-::i.-,, ■'•■ •,»'.vV»-"'*'"«-"ji .-, v^ t ■* ■ ••• *■■■ f^ 1' -> ", ■»■ '■■ '^-1' .' '■ *** 4-'''- ,■ •:'■'■ '■ :*» /■.■■.■ .;i--';V.y.i";' 8fi CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. !-tJ 'PCs' .•■'. •'•■',, r^if* *iip^" vt 'V ^ 'S' ^ » P4 o 1^ S a - s ^ a il go .2-" C-" ■3 ^ -s j5 Ho i4 * a 1.0 A ^ 9 csJa " Wj is . - 4; ._^ JC ^ 3 it?" 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T 7? r X QO * X i, r 55 X 1- s "Sgj ■•=15 c a 1-5 June July Oct. a a 1-5 ►Tl "a 1-5 ftES.S.s,s. tr.-r.l'r.-M >- fe ie o ^ 1-3 pq rt « S pq 3 s 2 Sm n m S a 3 ^ 0* 0. tt W it p g a e; S C3 npa» S3S M *^ _ - a 3 2 w ... a >- '- b T a iT-l-XgO 30 052 Itt ■A |-i MV - '^'? € • » r fl tcS sa - J B 5 ^-■5 '^ e >> ■i!?^ ■^Sfi ?1- SS.S "or ?S2 io~ Sag > ^"S 2.2W j-si: 'J .. « ^5 = i Hi ''^ll -==^ Ud '•■lZ-f^> •^-.i '.ij"- t. a -" M !8 li 55 a I •z vU .a [OR. i, z . ■tr.z I-) .Si K * > • ■»■■ « I i 1. H = m uazs-Z 5 ♦* "= , COT *^ •* s a - 5 2 a « .;; fi.2.-= ^ s -^ ^ - - - J ■'^ L a is-r "" < i £ i « i:' a ■Has = . a. ill ■=i3 5 = 5 e i s s e e ■ •zinv a : : ; : c: < < • i Q ; ; ; ; s s a .^ f" c a c h ■X T X X X CO S xl X X I » C» C' *f ?l 5* ?t >. «. ^ *. J mw 3 1 i i i S t si a 03 ^ = S ? a 5 ;^-^''.- . i t CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 89 I S '^ O S ct E o^jS OS -J -• '•= g = a s q « e *> >. 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V ■. n ".; i- TO 5 O ^ c3 ei ci !?j •>'■■%-■- ■.->('■ ,'■ •.,,,r- ^.^f.- M'^ pT>lA,!''*t^ .'"■ a*' ■ I™ 90 e 4 'S' "i s I d P3 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. I l^y -^^u niiii 1 fists :^-iia d--i!'s-:' ii|^WIIS5|llllllli^llllf^yi O 9 "WO 5-J ■a A o J i t: V M a s = 33 = ;^ a 3 o 09 1-J .2 a — Cj X 5 >^ c fe >j a ^^ a 1 H .s .'^'-^s 2 ■w ■r o c; 3 J s a a b> J c c o > rt c5 « 1^ ■3 3 O U u CJ i;a u o R S o :^ o a •/5 a ^ a V Ji a « « u u o rono -J to "33 l-!>-S tttc 1= a c '^ ^ C/3 1-! SI 3 -1 5> M n CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOK. 91 1 ^./i ■e- S Sri 11 I'l:"! 5 5 Hl- "5 «2 i^i =2 :• u ^i 12 «9 ; " -r .2 a a .SH- S - V ^|£ «^ s « » I to ' > *» ill gs •-"■- ,'3 11'^ ■> if! ■i J « rf t. J a ^'5 .."r.o n n q ■2-= <« Mat a a? I -2 a it r '. a a; "a * a ^i ^ .S .2 ^ •= • " ? >•! 2 >.■=£< a 5 2'i = l ^! = o •3 e o o o o 3 ■3 O ■3 ^ o ■3 ^ o o '3-3 ^ ^ a 2 .a a !4 O ■3 ^ ^ a a : o a P iTi S 5f- a 1-5 CI a a s 1-5 3 1-5 3 4 5 U C3 •3 ?3 •£ =i I a c > P =1 a t*- PP I S5 ■? ^ a? 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O 5gf ll ■i. "^ a i o a' o •g, o H5 a' e -g O I ■«d DC ip? Sea a a e c9 ct a ^ B i w w C9 S M a 91" a S » of a % I 4 O a as ^ S g § eiei e< ei si ;4 "a . -3 11 h s ■'■'■« - Sd^'-a >• ■ • • -3 ■ I.-! . •^«-'' » : * is * i! 3 a is- s a a 3 a s^aa'aaa 1 : s i « = -■s •c-s-a ■ J , i . x« ■.J= ! 5^ a** 5=:^ - . a ■ ■ a ' -1 :o : : ; : : : 2i •5 i ■ 1 i* :p . a ■ = 3 ; a ; ^■^ ■/^ ! ; a : ; 3 : a . • • -'J :u ; >■.« *'f'0 i2 ol"^ :« J>i 3 • 5^ l^i •r«f •f^'^cf 1 t)ct. .... Feb Jum W«3 Aniable Mary ancy 11 5Ji IfJ 7i tlOR. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. m H a m HJSo Isi3 p5 » . C Ed ;i '^^c Si's* (Si's i''2'-^-==' Is 'I I §•3 5721 . «,<) 5 a e I 53*00 S o o O S •a I a" a 10 CI S3 ,SfJ § I •2 (^ -5'"*'-, ■as :3.^ , -3 .'.-■ *J _ , -/J— . V t j' >• • • • .A « --J3 S-C-a I ..pq aa a a I a-=j: = a'a'c a'o'a 9 S,s II .. » I. s i*2 .s i ^ ** 'a « J t«3s2§5.fe. 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'Sri ! lb 1 b - 'CO J 3 -■- '5 ." "si i if .S e .3 -3 s: 3^- :i. o o ►5 s of 6= d ^ E/3 3 ;s ao a; S Si CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE 8UPEBI0B. 99 « 3 i. •a <: ..82. k EU s a' iiiigt • .go I I B > I a Bw « ^3 Hill 3 a-§ B S i B « 3*a> e Q « 5 3 I*!***!* »'|ft»^S»S ^ see o o o © 'O'O 'C'O e 7 h I i a s o ^5 B I c § o o h •0,3 TS"* ^. 1 p. 5 a a IS Mi O a ii is. If II 5 o o i e s « -*^ 4J 4a AP, J ' • - ^ •^ i '■»/ i ., -'-«■. > I. ^'n« t' < if \% I 100 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREED8 OF LAKE SUPERIOR. C •I .s I 1 .2 e •& s 6Q o a B i «1 '3 5 S p. a o o S ^ 'Mp- 1^5 : 5 3 3 \i -i 4 -^ I i c 5 ?l * 1 ^ pi? 1 1 4 ■ * W ■- * a . o : 5 il EIOR. i ti ' a It 9 I /. « 5 = J £'5^4 5|3 ^ i* . 'i . »■ s a >.S >:i;i, J e =1- =_ 5-a. « I » • » .a ? - 5* [-^.' . •-; * ; 3 I I I. 8 ?i ' f - -- ■•?■?- rJ.: c t s P4 3 o ■3 1 ^ i n Q t^ fl •f .3 ^ a (S & s a CHIPPEWA IIALI'-IJREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 101 I .-^«; « a £- s sq: « 5*; '- i . I *< t '. « ^ I 5.« c «^ 3 a'^ I M s a 3 - « a Hi u.»* 5111 e '?Ji 5d-;5| -ESi-a l'1^ "^ l.-J?. 1 -^ 1 a 5 3 Don't fami evid Dont tiuei s ■» b u •> a C3 3 (5 %\ t ^ a IS H : X a S s &i p. u ti a 1^ --i u S wr- ;0 « ■^ TO OD nc ■» no 10 2 o t3 uS o ]c Sao S ^ ^ » o a ■4 J o a B 1^ II W 3 CSV = y K ts^^ a £ a .2 5-3 9 9^ ; » 2 a ' a as a .2 -=^33 ^!ca OP X 9 x--< V u o v^ a a a a a a a V 05 K X « )-] >-!k! $ a; 9 ■ e ' I* s 9 "^ t» t» a fs a a 9 Is II a S a "a a I o »H (M«2 2 ^'^SSS M M H -n X! M r3 M r3 ?t ©I ?l C? -N COM «« i - » *1 r J I • ^ '1 L K , 5'' " «r I ' t < »l ^ - ^ ii: • i hi'- elm ^ ' V. Si.*" I I ^; 102 CHIPPEWA HALF-UREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. ok'' s ^; :i W' ^ LWBi j « i«l'l « ^^ .3 w' 1 W' 1 ?'»>...** « ft; « "s. !^' ;3 bI^ e 5«;f §» tt^'i S %_. 7 S"; O N^-' H W^' g !• I I § I si s^ • « S^ -Pi- o-g = 3 2)t I'M ■■2 T! S a , S3 t' "'•"^■SsiS' I Q e o o o 'O 'O *0 ^"t) r-.l -i o-e ; IIS I 1 ; : 3 e o b V e e ^ ^ ^ ^^ e § e a •c I 3 .a 1 ^ a e i 1 ■S a a. 9 la 3 ; a a d o O a & I I I . a § 1 a a o U tc a S 18 & £ 0) O O O Oi o S § 3 § g§ 55 Sg a a M h> "^ S a «0 lA o o a a a a I I S o a .2* ■S S a| 3 ^ aJ (3 : :2 e'^ a. •c« 3.20 ja 2 CO bC a -"I 3 OD QO 00 3 3 3 a a a is w n eg a "E to a e e 13 S i I 9 o n a 6 1^ n n n n n n ccrtrt n n ^IJ I c s .? I £ 2 I ?i ^fif- r e ■s II 2 '2 n 1 i CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 103 il i^l I* I w 1 9 - J ... tiiii mi g i;| 5|jl|il||i!gt| I! 'i:" ;3 n It ^ 2 s .iS o -3 -s >§ ■s •s ri I I 3 I* ^ >§ •§ ^ ■s ? J e I i §1 OIK "I. a t i o (9 a § 5 13 £ ^ •s I I e o a 3 a rt- >iS^ O At -2 ^ o o 00 S 5 5 i 1 1 1 § ^ i I I' i"-^ V. A ,^, . 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S 3 o CI ti « .n s a ^ 1-5 tt ti C 12 V ^ A (MIIPI'EWA IIALF-imEEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 105 il'r-i'.-'? y-i n- I 3 = S I 3 ^ J =• !S a.'« 5 1^ ?" ?i5 J^ t.5 '^ ff = ;, z _;,i ,- 5 ' r 5 - I— i^-S Si."-*-;!-! r J- = - 1. •- I _ t : 7 'J = ja ■=!. = ? - « . £ - '-' c.;P3 ni: 3 5 •: o J ''•.? c- »- 5 S >'■ i o fl'c +j t. « r " a y -. •- c - ( 5- I' C' 3 i^y ^'A Mi - « M pa '1|J If 3" ^•2 t: £ c -5 5M-:: & = 2 I „ •• I ® .3 t. — Z ^ J = i i " _ tt = a i 3-S . « a-"-' b ° 4- ;:f'^^ ex 5 Zo p. « ^" ,i. _ ^ a a c « cs 3 . « B = a — 2 »■ « i ♦* ".5 3 .a ^ = * •? - 3 "^ (l;.5^ JSJS — ■" p = OS ' A^ I. = ■-ad' t « is S cJ 5 5 -'■•I rf t i- ,■'».•!.« ■ ■'.'' [:*.;(>■• ■ ■•• -■■•.■•;r!'"v- ■• ••£-■' '.' vji I- .••iSt-vt/,.....,'' V.f ■■!t'r:■f:.:^•y^:•■..:| .V; ■*,:■■ •'•.:.«: ^, >::;";■ "I'it.; ^;i. ■ ^ .. .^ tV.^M ^'^ ;t,-" -H .1',' ^^^ ' • I ■•'„'« v." v;.-?^ . .■ V.v...:.:v:;lv-- •■-' '-■ ' f '^. ^.. 'if,' ■■«•.. 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" - a a a o 1 1 s 1 w* 1 S i t CHIPPEWA HALF-MREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. tC2as it ' OS » e e 'gi 1.1 2- •- £ ^ .feaa ^3 2.5§:||^||g| il I! 0.3 U b 5^ •-■§.2 H-* S * s a 2 o ? ^ SbPh^ es lot Hi * »■ . ►2 H S3 ic s e s s e T. i ja ^ ^ U ■^ a fc< ^ a ^ o ■3 a 5 a s o e a i a a o O i :2 : a a • a • 3 • o :o : M ■ a ; i* 2 d3J ;S ^ a = a a 9 '■t a it o 0> M g s» s (N- TO ■» OC a s a o >-5 cf Oft"" s * »■_ e a -t^ a 3 o •a c a" fe-s PC .2 B 3 a B « da ££ ^.^ Ma al= 1-5 X s a" u u a. >, * b a 1^ S P 9 O 9 O a 2 2 .S :S s S2 tH r*jo a e«s s.a s a » S3 s; s ssssg «-3 O C?.a >.a ■*^ » «5 5 e 00 s fe sill •g a gjg ^^-1 i i « := V a ^ - w i a u 111 »30<'-« a a bt® 2£i:- a g 5'S i|.2a •a ® 6 > seas a s a. 4, ^ ^ »--a 2 a-" s ,S S-o-? ^<'.i::l- .T" •'.H- •■,''■;'*' r f. : « "■*• ■ :(?;-'-.^?v^T^-.^ V''v^--'f. .:■*•!:;* . t>f ':. . ' ■■ ''' ^"'^■'; .^sv-rvc »• ^-■ . V ■ " •■: • '-"■ •■• ' vV3;.v;.>i .-.-4 • v'.v '•.■••■•» '^1 A- ■' «.» ,';• I--!, .•j,? "'•'' ■■ • .- ■ ■: -■«■,> & ^' ■'■ .> *\ ■ CT^'-V "L'-v*,, , •■ 'I • •:■--. •«««,•. '. .*« • •• ■.•:-.-.*''^*/-si.i.. '.: ■ »r:;>^/-.v4^r.?;;.:-:.- ' .•<'•■■,;*•■ X •I" . /. ,1 - "; ." ; ■ V -I ^ -J. -/.. J ■■.■"-, I . ■ ..1 % • ■" - I • •*,1 .-. . ::.■>!! r .., '■:. •'^^ '.■ ■-■* 1. *J." . 1 . ■1 J \ : 112 CHIPPEWA HALF-nRr.EDS OF LAKE SrPEUIOIJ. m a ■ m^ n .1 I u a £ .5^ i It an d — — «■ — f Si i j' 3 ^ ^ "3 a ' T^ .-is 'J :: ^ - C ^ ** ♦^ * i— fe~ *"Si ». 5 i .' i ™ - «<- « S 5 2 •= « i a-7:. " c— a> Sc <« = , 5 «-^t. J - =-lilJ 31 i:-ra al I I i-s I-:: -r^ '^ if- = c 3 i a •a a C ..-3 fS ■•1-5 j3 2.= l ft — l* ^ — i o o w O '5* O •- i2''^a w 1, A £1 J* S3 *i 3 a 3 a ji ^, ^ s .— W ^ ii £ ■ ■ - I K.S .'■Si ;•-• t^^Aa--- =■-'■ .s « - iv« i, - t. i "■ •• I r" -'if U-- •SjEai-zi 3 -a, s .• = •=.2aji£-'J a 2-2 »•''£:- a- a b •i' s ' c -^ -a •« a ; ^ Sl|3>.-: i3 " s ■• ■• 3 ■ iS zU b^.2 !2-3 a j -"J il 5 -;«■■' >i'.- •3 s s"!* 1. 2 M*>, (g (g ^ I 5 I _a .g w . 1:3 :a . "2a Ills V 9 * 14 s" 1 5*-° si" o" "I S| II -£? a hj:?. C0 > :3j:«s,; « a ijagl = £! a 'Si-sf SoS I K * - % -I' .'li * : ? K 1*^ I a 2 5 it i 5 a u o 5 « «f 3 HBS .1 "'r fl lilOR. It _ >■ > - 1 .5-'r • I .S .n - m s s a ?^! -is ■ -c = i " K ■? r - - Sir? '•a. 2 ^.•; 2 *•- f-'"' J fl «- ^ : «»> ^ - -r = •*>■- t *> i si.*: S 25 *"' 5 'ST— r. •A = S = H « a J. - = a .. e .r 3 ii S a * > » K u: mil HE'S a a I "■: 2 = 2 ^ I go - = 5 «■« J ;» • 9 rt CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 113 u i ft -- 2 ? o si. 6 HBS Xi b I = 3 a. ;9 o y B a a c i 5 !^ M ■Si nn St ^* ^^ l' »3 a o' « a a a ° 5 O S ® !< 5-g 13 a 53 S i i g 3 S a; o O eg a 3 a a ■2 o 9 a •a ^ f; ■■'I'it.'-V;!^. _ I ■I ' i, • ■«• • ?" i- 1 •' ■ ' "t ; ■'• ■ • .1 ■*';■ A' i--' ..' ' ■ . *"?•>' ■ ;-.^' . .. I »•' i-', :h ■■,,•*„■< . '•'• I ■V* . ^t' ;.*••- •, >•■. •-■•1 . -I 'r ■ ■ ' ^ ''-.fl ■■ • ■ •■■'- •,' '....I'. -i' -»> ?.', >4 . ■ ". - <*.' :■■., V^- ^^} ■ •. ' ; r !;|4: *v , t -■ *'. hi^; -.'t ■■*:;■ ■'"•A ;< '^■vi'i .^ M:ik 4i 114 CFIIPFEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 1 a e a o 1 :^ .it H -ft: .2< ^ ^ ^ u (^ ^ o » 2 = I'l-i "Is -S| Bit C a o Cm ••ca 51* ■2 a «"<- o a It CO a 3°"^ Si" '^i I SB'S a w a S'S ^ a S ■E I 9 a c o II 1 S'O ai a J 2M^ ■£§'9 ^1 H »a ^•0 • 2 « S ^ "^5 9 £«a us •5 S 1; o o ^ " ::! S $zi ( ■'--s a !* 5 .11 cs3 o ' H R M ° 3 _ * 3 a S'jja gj3 " a o i a ,5 Sv. Q Pi M ei-s -a "^ I ■a 2 9 • 4 '-b a ■^ eg C X afa-a ? ^L!^."! -Ill =4^ &> ^. 4^ a a > 5g® l^„ a . a n I.Ea ?3j ;? * ** a k-eu b ' a a.5al I ill C o o/5 *^'?'t .« ^._g a< a 3 a ocQ a flj I! Is ■3 O a i" S * a ■3 a 3.2 a a ,a o *i« •si a >" " b "-> : d 3'iH * a a fe i' ij .. .S-2 «- ■3 a ? 5 « 5 §i: 3MOig, »^ ~"T2S v-s ■ e I a-ilS t^ 4i *- ^ +^ . — • fl •-" *t-« .,3 a ■ - o t^ a • • • '^ "3 ® -S "a O a ^ 9 s^^Hji^a J a a W H H I 1 I a 4 s v. b-3 e ;« .a s SI ; o ■n .. II a i. t i c u a a o a a .3 a a o a a -^ ■a a C4 !^ (S ~< ?^ ,s f:' ■2 « a c a '^C ;■: "'Q a>, a > •M- ,o ■fl*- M Ik a: a 3 a PH. 1^ n a u ■J S III y. 6< = a 3 o a ^.a " s-a a 1 -^f I I i^. ^ ^ - «— • 2 ^ — ■— a, s 3 g .a a o a o a 5 1^ ^ a .2* s 5 > V as n S 1^ 2a® * -a a rXMM a a II ii il n .g .5 o ill UtJU := a oa S a « OP II H ^ a a a a •c -31 1-5 3 -a a 2 a a J3 a il t- a a.a .i-5i uao- lOR. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 115 1 I 1 .' « / ;- tM c-r '^ o ** a - h .s :< ■; s 1 9 \t ? •3 5iS i ? t* c "3i 1 2^ d z s' n 1. s c ^.- ^ 1 1 !i^ % u Ui fe2 a ?■ « o fc 'a a (M J2 w w s *; ,•- 1 H •= fc « 3 ^ ^ k -8 1 a -U Ef ^ "S " V t ■O'S (3 1 .3> s u .a > » £ e C 1 rt o^ .0 a f: ;?5 e K 1 f 9 "5 i fc ; 'J I Hi*- '. i - 3 I 1 c ! 'a ■3 s a ^ - - .5 i iJO. ; ■>5 " s 1-5 5 = s B is a o ?« ^WWV — "s *1 - « ■ « ■=S-i HP «3 C •-5 is •"S " »;»3 U a " 5 jjcg a M * J $ b ° k~ b s ^ 1- » =* 3 ** S8 X >^ • rt > i « or ^^sa 35 > M le 6C a S £ _ ■ « a a S t" 2 .3 H M -^ "3 H 5£ •si it * 3 a _ et Pd C So W75t2 S H fri r*. j; C : IS . « =■' SIX H o .;< a Q ja" a. V (£ o 1-5 .g 'a m ,- , J" ■» •' >•»■*• 1*J Vi/ V4J -Af |M ^ 585 o ;; *."&=. 5. IT a a 3 n o e 3 % S « o n « i 1 £ a a^ ,3 a as s-s © oT oT oT sT a a p a a - a a ^ ^ P4 P« p4 Cm a ass a a a e i!£ S ? a a-g 5W g a a a o "s'sss a Sb25'-I B C S = o 3 3 C;S C J; a i 1-5^ t» lis o v ?: <3- S a a - i ■i>r :'.'t,.- ■'. ■ .■'1 ^ .^:f:i^:^ .«f.-- • '■ « v> ■ ' •-:. -rv •>;:. .. .'■■*. •!' "i-*' v^.v- I v'^r 4.'-. ;.'•:■;. . 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I li 9 ^ 7=2 B ^^ ll 85 = >-a s.» E'^ f .^ *- "'^ - 9 <. 1 -•^ ^ w s a 'S3 ja : T^ «-J i = .. 3 i?^- 2,. ■- .^•? & 3 c Ci> i^ iZ = >' .•* c e = = rt a = u: "^ **^ 3 5 = .a.t:..=i.S a:" X' ac" JT 1- (U i 9 pass .J ",- i 3 O U « a 3 .3 3 «^ ".a a 2 5 C a : ,2,3 J si- ^■:- i : » ■ ; ^11 s— ■ s ac=,a ,5..2..S..- i 41 i S CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 117 U 4 a -2 I 7^ KO.a a.; t-< ''7=1 i-r s a S = --= »ii >, 1 = .- 3 •• . p r S o s 53 ;3 ai 9 C .5 9 7 I U a el $ c 5 g « I i * §,- p4 a ■ :-3 s V i 4 s^S'Sa •a 3 ••h^.s'*'- '^■ss7T-'S jG(i8-i»a.- ^ i' 9 9 a t. !« -5 -lie's fl o'S'3 9 a « 31 = S S H 2-sa -Cn^aMs I- ''•C'a =^ g a •-,9 9 i* s c "^ ' "^ - ?. •^.2 « 3-0 a i> ••"•S a a n-s >. -»1 35 W . ; a Si :S S: ■ 9 cr3 i a . s • o < s Q IS 3« ;5 t^ xa ■a .• a .■ a"9 ^""|a pap ^^p^ :§1 -w "^ C4 9 a * s ra rt ' ^^ 9 a a 'j: c« c« a a a bc 3a 1-^ |i b » ® I? a a'' a a a^ « m aO|;.a *^a & 9 3 -J I 9« >i » , 5 . a =j 3 Ma lis' "1 ''- a >-. a a a rt 9 .H 9 o o K -J .it. "P. ■>: S i) s .-3 « a" fl . •"■» v e ;. ■1. ■ , ■ '' .% I'i. f. i». •; : w> ■** '•■•'■-■-.■.•?«>■,;■' .»-♦.•.- If.-'. I .■ -'S'-i'' .^1 ■ »•' .1 ■. •■^v.-.*tU;V';C.s ■• ■ ^.-/■.;•3 >/'> fj'v,;'*- 118 s s o O ^ CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. o 1-5 J3 n =8.2 P3 a 51 O 5, c eg « s S-1 3 o o o jj a'3'S'3 p. ;5 o •?'5.2 & S5£ es t: B « o ;iOO « 1/ X K 'c'o a a (3 « .S 5 a: S t P « , .- « C4 -as: is — 5 ;5 £ *-" *-" pciSS § o c s £ t; ft "" >^ a t" f^ — i '^ ti. : J5 O O O OO O OO'J K« RIOR. r" in 5 i .5 s CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 119 - * ^ 2 ' Z -2 =-5 2:; - Sr5 ^=^ : He- U 5 1-1 ^1 1 ni H^ 3 -'-^i^r^^ X ^ "^ r ■;— ^ ^ ;^ :^ = = - ?) .S 'C tt"'^^^ 9 Cz 5 " > — ■ - ** l^rHllP o l»='c'i=^ l^lfltl^ >..s ■r.-z ^ z^ o _' a = . cs £0-!-i ^ I o •5 In •= « S ■r ■: V! K t. S a:« Cm e o a § ■3 c * 5 *^9 Si. I § -s ■w 1/1 c.o ?> — — a C9 .a .a •3 :t3 « e ® S J i !r « ♦/ fc S '-c *^ - '-* -x ... 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"^ ^M a .a fl4 ^ ^J 3 "I a ^^ ■11' 1 ji ■ i- a iw li!! a j=a 5 "■§ C 2« ~ .'•a 1 ■ , <'■ ^ " « *• 2 - .-- 0, ^ r .^ JL 3 ** X c - i - 'ii \^ .•"5 '■ c = e ^•^ a r- a £ a 2- ■52 5^ a o I-: a ■Si! :5 s •.;; ^ !■• t S s ? = -£ *.- « ? ji 'S' r»'= 5. « « pt;^ MM a a g a h a a ■= "O-S X = a — o M c; ^ Q a a a CD :. 3. 1, a « 2 3 s a >A ;z; ?3 V OJ U fT X M ^ ?. a s n 2 C9 ^ .3 •3 ' a ;.a 3< O 2 5. a? K a i-i< :j 5 f c s ^ ^ • ^ *r ^ u :q 2 3 . ^ 3 ^ 1 « > - !> a ^ *« ji. 5 c J^ jl. 2 ? i - ;: =3 - - *'t5 5 = *! 5: z ^ 1*a Hi ;i'3 i = E .•"5 -i> ^••§ •5» ^*S'=b e a aS B *" r o I III CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. « ■'. « EmM 0: « S-'^ ♦i" '•J 7- a •52 c = a o a o -3 ii '« I. I C3 B ® _ ^ '^ S a; ^ a e « B 1 3 1 !i, «■« a fe a ".« ^ -Is- a C 0) «4«F o § C3 I n B« 9 tL O be b = ■-I.O o B s. a 1^ c o 121 5 ? 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' ■ :^ -f. •'"■■■■': ■-. .- ■:i'-7»,'-V'"-: H' .'::-i 122 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. a 3 o I '£ H « i cs .5 >& pa ?^~ 1'i K « a s o P4 •r >-■ Is at t: S 'S "— M-5 C-f >i .2-2 1 ^M <9 £ ic ill •T3 s o s a ■e i ^ H 3|s a s 2 •=-S.5M o •E 3 .cc - -So ■O-g vl X « 5 « •= •e J g . 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J ^^ •5 s = x'B si; ^4 >^ v< s c ^ Ss? s£^«^.2 ! cc K ' 1 a ■a : o •■3 ■ > t i. a a : « a . ^AS >■ "§■33 a a _- O C I' pa 2 :; b ^ 2S CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 123 :55 CQ 1 s 'a o Is ^ 2 «^s O 2 I ■3 as ■'^'tf T!' S 2 « a? a < ffl 11 ' I ^ o a oS Co =1 —"a II -=J _c a^ -A\ o ^'^ K u O *H i-:* 35 •- "5 els .a . O MJJ a = ^5?- S.5 2 it if * a "■= . >^« a l's = o a"^ c-u . o S 1 .5 o a •i 1 (3 s.r 1 1 J s i a a r/t ■*A e ^ S :4 ■i il ffl 1-5 3= c 5 I a^ _ ja a .a*- a i " fe a °^ ^w ii S » o Ei-i - a-r- . •* S i = .2-= e2 .M .— o ■gi-5 oA< lfe§ ■*:^*^'">^ D a; 2 all = S a '^ " > 3 ® 0^ t> a a a o & a a a 2 a ai3 .SMS "•e a ll^ .is fe ^ a S a .2 a --^ ? .SSa t) i3 ■" — I gill a.595i^ ^ •=< 4; a 2 a ^-^-^ «-=- a «.■« -Sh C o'§ "O 2" ? ' i I .3^ a ^ - ".= '5. ar$ a '•'■>■. X ' fc t" o > - ^ a;in o a £■.5 I r S ^ K , <«. 5 a Hi a o3 a a '« — o •- Sga ^ w o i=S ^If as. a •sS5 - a =* 5 -.2 u .— a * X .- o ■~ = u;.3 -H^ |^s|=^ w ■■ g, jv ^ ra O.^l^^^' a t: J .3 '~ -a ^-iS-a 5 _ ■follal I •^J t o ««>5 o 'A 'A ■eg c'a" ?? 1^5 >^ s "u a a.a Si 1^ ."".a" n ■*•> a" "o a o r a" "3 I 2 X -4 I ?•?? S ci « c3 tm t* U ■*•» 9 V ei a X w — o.c'E a : - •_ w « '.i r a a ^SS .a ;=« a a P....- I V/'< ; ■ ♦.-.■•-■•■ J'' M w. %. .?■■■'■-:• .-■ ■•"i • I i-H-.'-V -."•?'^> -.'.■■•■ I '" t-' •^■■•^•'■■' ■ I r"! '<'.<■.. ■."*,, '•,•4'. ■ ,, ' ■- *■ .t ■■.' i.-. .■•• I' ■r '■■ ■ I .•">>■''■, '"■ "^'i, ■>.-■' '^l" ' :':■ l-;*!^ '.- ... .'*■ « '!.* '■ "■- ■ ■ -.1' " ■ . 'i ,V- . '.'.'■ :-•■■;.■■;, ^-: •.■/*/•;(, *>..-•■.--■ ■■., ; ■■..., -.'>-i - -V" ^'■^•■■.' ' ■;- ^■'•'i: ! vf.V;.f 124 CHIPPEWA HALF-HREKDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. I Illy *? e o 1 cc 1-. M 5 ><5 CQ 'a o •3 C3 .a 3 •tj 4-1 a I. .a I « i e« » 2 &< « <3 « o '^ fi **' m *^ fc: (S '5 -3 ^-1 « as o I. •- S. 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' .1 I i V. E K 1 1 1 "1 1 1 X j 9. c 1 I £ 1 s P J is •> J 1 1 1 E C < (. < X c c > J .1 a R 1 > I c 'a 1 ■1 e *• ; > a C « > '4 a > a i > S C .2 § H -vV ■ •■ ■• -i ■ ' ' I ^■■'•h'-v*-'-.:| ^irV.»: (4. .■^.:-: >-, ■' .r-''^:'*" -'■'>■ - I 'J. . ■>- • I ■< ■ ,?!-■• , ».;4f':C'f. ■: ■,' •:.v-g'-i, ■-.. ■■>, 1 "*;'-^v''i!»'^'^' • ,1 126 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. I. <•■- „ - I » r ^-'r 3«i ■- fe « ■SO-- ■ 0, 01 i-H ..a i* is = a* ,:4 o □ s * !: J34 - 1.'^ •- « .- - =n « !1 a > " a 1 1^ ►J H K e a c J a « ® * o 5 c ^=1 \; = ll « 3 ^ i— - - 9 ,2 s' fc S I ■* ••; P s ' o * S » 12; P t: ■ o 3 . ►- a a" .2 Sl-I S « <« E - S S 3 rt IS a.S a a a a^ If.; U3 ••■«« ^ 3) I OS a E S - o (f ft 0MS«5 II I S.^ S leg o s o 3 is w a iJ aiF»5-a 00 3 a o « o a » 2. 2^3 >-.-a « y -g § = t.§S 3 *•« a ^ = -§.gJ2 - "" !f - « A s.vQ c3 W J f - o , -g ** s * i^ x.a ^ 3 ^'3 'S '"^ 1* "^ n of— I «^ S Sk£ £-> c "^^ "- > &i.Si-Sa ia^i^i II --§-3 .522'= ■£' 3 9 J 2 fe.2 ail" ° &3 2gMO' J5 a IS 2 n *- 30,H 3-2 4^ o a a ^ o «.a&<.a •2 .2 ■^ ■?r: ■?t ^ I. ■a 5" X 5: I 35 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. .a » M 1 ft c s S u ,0 5 II J S a. ■2 :• m 5 I o 1 1 31 3 I 1 if l» ."J i* .S •wT 5 — - " 5 a £— = 3 a.3.5'H 2 - 2 a S -2 9 a o ^ a a 9 "O s 5 ii.9 a a S u 611-1 stS a^ £ j> a fc, aj3 S^ •^Ma^'ai oe »« cS3 3^ St3 ' " " ..5 B*^ c3 3 S ai » » *r\ .S a J, 9 2^ 5 « -^^ -* a I -a I S A Is a'C "i. =^ II. 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'i .'. -^^ '" - . ■ ...4- -n.!.;^ ■ ■ --1 -'■■■ i" 1 •" *S . if! > - ",-■'■-, ■■>>■■ ■..•'' V m tl 128 nilPPKWA HALF-'-nUEEDS OF LAKE SHPERIOR. %>■*"■■■••• Wh- ;■■.■■';• • • 4f. e 1 C •^ •a i s I, i 'I* S I 50 2 « c ^ a e K E 5 ae f o 1-5 3 C- S 3J S a n 5 2 .2 "3. ^, m P4 . s ■2 ^ » : ? 0/ IJ d9 ii 9 s a a an s S 3 3 2 b- b M h & 3 3 w m n V fr- O =i - - - - -f j3 i; © ffl CJ « U b U O » OD : c ft- ZM : ^1 ... ttst R c4 a; a Q it bo tc a c« a ■ ^ .a 6t-= » Ki i; c S = U ^ b< - 0^ ^ 0^ a a B as Sl4 a 3 = = ;= = 5 33 35 ;; w :.' w X 3 = 3- a K « s ■r.-l irlllMi^^ • S - K K 7. « ; a • i : :^ • 5 3 i • - I >■ '' il S I e •; a tj k. t. 5 : s .* CniPPEWA HALF-imEEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 12!) i i a i IS : ■! 7; 1 i Jill --- 1 = _-S.2 • : - ?. '? ■* . « 5? K e fi = d cfi l^-« 2 . — D.i is "^i a- 2 a"* S a - a t X X is 3 IsJS 6 H a p 35-352.1 s s M ^- cd u ■si ^! || " a *■ >, o 6(1 a ■5 o • .= .*-— — »-( ift-J SB 2 £ 2i 2 s ;_!; Is 2 ■- '" '^ o o a, »i 51 IT. '■ — I s 1, bit. s"i i£ E 23 - c « cs 0.2 = •E'-s 2Li a" If •^ 3 63 !S 3 " 3 II ^ - « JS o a .-3 s o = « t e6 .b -j B £ » sj - rt >. 2 = -• * q X 3 " a^ Jj is S * ' 3 > i "- a - a 0. s •c s V 3 I S o 2 £•2 .a fc- ;| : : ia : ; ;'2 ; : ;^ .a ;" ■ 'S a CO ■ a es as ; 5 . . s a ^ -; 2 2 u u ii -g s s X 3 ?* a ►J H^aas iS ij a S Q. U til *2 n - ^ a a s « o ojajaja p 0< ^ 9 H B S a §8dcJ§ 3.5.S.9 oS O O C8 CQ d _• ja .0^.13.3.2 cS 9! !s2^ii : Ml :.S ;^ •it o . t- ' a ; 3 ^1 S- ,; S ■*? -S a '^ a ^ bi a o ■« g^ 2^ a p H M a; JAa o :3 a a b ..a N S Sp •£ 3 a * 2 3 « fiP a h t- : 5- o t; ■3' :3 i^lal 3 3S O; aT « oD L. 'rt '5 '3 '3 ^4 H b ^ •a :t rt « asar 0^ aj o v S 'So a a "•9 §§ cs 5 PA ^•Ct- ^1;' ^^4 ■t. '«• MR ^ t ; .' . I 4 {',•-'; ■.tv^>:;.f. .;. '• ■;- ■^■■- ••■»l ■ l tl ' .;-• -•! lao CHIPPEWA 1IAI.K-BUKKI)8 OF LAKK HUPKRIOK. it' ivm:i 'OSS''' ' .V.v,-*'.'>t<,('.' , •s B fl 5 1. I' 05 ! I ,2 2 .2 "S J. 50 i ta u 93 a a 1) T i 5' I i I 4 3 a ad ia 9 B o y •A « „ s e « 'it %1 li: *(2 3 3 ^^ o = '5t £ 2 S 6*2 a"" Sll a 'C ^ a; i ,■ .. > ■ Ji i »- J, - £•2 I a ^^1^ ;:i If . a A "s C 2 ■r I »— = 2 '^•Z u :t 1i FN II i •■ ^1 b rU X !f zsi ■il ■z «, «■" ^•s 2^ a- 2S •ti pfe 1 .. ••& a -f j: =. I 1 I i^ j tiT^ -Si o l^i hi 2 * t.fl 1 s .£• 5.—-" rt s J e../ - .1- J f ii «. .a If I ^.li i I 14s 1= I I = £ = 15 ° ■= - . i > -5 - i' J a. *" .. ~ « 1 ta«. =■■ - 5 -s » .. 9- ^iT: itf a - 1 1 O fc. - ' ' 4^ .iM '-^ Q h n ^ T "• ^^•^i 1 ?v. -'si." -- 2 £ "5 i 'A > V f^'S.^i'^ rt a^ a*': e 0^ = -: .C c d = 3.5 <-" S :- t ^ e iD t^' 5 5 a '-i^ i i S- ^» 3 a . 3 ■>: - £ ii S e = '•■ f: c a ii « = = S.i - '^ = =^ s , =- •= -*.= 2 c t-7 i &=.- 2;;- ;S « . fc. - r *- r^iJ •a ? T. C5 ^ « J a a !f jj •-■»-*- »- - o;2 2-1" 5 o S S 3 fl >-5 : ■550 rt 3 fl K ^ fl ^ -^ a c_- ! -3 fc- .- C.fl '^ - '^ S - c « o on U1 * ?> o fl fl Hi :. s :. hImi-" '-» 1 "^ ": jl CHIPI'KWA HALF-MHHKnS OF LAKK fiUPKRIOR. 131 ♦ t T A* X ^■ r 3 H- ^ ^ ^ n t- « - * > f. .u ! ^. * I J •/ f. / - « : t u I b •s X T r S , T. s ; t ^ a - :. n .a ^ ■ t ._ 1 • : ] ^ * c. :: C I j. X « * 5 z. >, i - I - ? "T V "f- |: il" ■- H.S. s. — *-:-:, -v ■/ •/. •/; = = a V I £ 3 J3 3 K I 2 .2 2| r 1 1 •E 5f ^ -.- * _--s ^•5 to •e a --.2 :S a I t- i' - = ^ 1 1 1 ^ o s •a 9 c '■/. 5, ^ a ■• _ _ a — i — —5 t. is 'rTri> = = « i \ll--~ r. r. ^ = .*";• ="2 a i: ' ~ " ^ « .s 5 I j; S •= ~ •= § S.-0 i* j; ^_ 5 .o /- = = 1^ = ^-sl .> ^ — '— J5 « n '"ft ^ ■a .a ■3 . a — X 111! =r'P J2 Jji 5 ll 3c k «. x-= a wU :;.?•=•= _ a a-3 ■Salt a- St3 a rl"? !bS ■f-^ r = a : 3 -i; i S s ^1 =1=2 ■=0^ so > S- " „■ = r?H. a _ 3 :i' - ! 3 -spy J 2 .? a s -r = =. : 3»v.i __ -==is<-r -S'-'iiSS''. a""'""' .3 J- a Ji n ra '"ft ^ a 5*^ c; ^ x c i ii i CI X _' X X rt a 2 a s ^ ■-J -==■-3 '25 a 3 - 3 r, - if .^ f I ^ 1.^ I C fc. ?c u x u «p > H— '^ - / ~i *< -2 = e ^* 4* ■'■£2?.§ --■-.. a J X X .3 X •/- at'-: \>ir ?i4 >- . . — pS • i) a I I 3 . ■ — i^ : '3 a - — f^ *a ■ a X iii a -i.2-: S» : • a^ ^ J H''H'H :S^ h a ,-, X r"^ b a a a (h — c55iC O ^« r .7^ -^Tafa = a~ tf S h.S s 5-- a-S^ Ji"3-.' M -. ::-^. .5 5?, J 1^ Si;-^ I a^'^ a ►J :>!;«jj 1) ^< -J a a hIi-] o o H a >) >i 35 * S a C 3 •f T- 3 ;. i"- >-. a _- a ^ a — .a < ■r a ■; a ai^ *• * • I M ?A- «M^f -'id.- I ■ •■,1 ^^V;!-., ■' i:::,:^' •^"•-^ n-'i I^' 132 -a 01 a © a ^ -§ 1 S at 50 X 02 Sii CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. a i ^ i o * I ^ 5 i ■a a o III o-'c a, ?.^ ig SiS St; S •• 5 5 l^ i c S *— 2 o = £ ='-s 3C a: « ^c d a B ^ «J '-' "5_ sa i^ c-Sf «3 O tt a 5 08 = 3 e . o •^ =2 a) .. S Me O =^ at s 2 ? 2 o C -•»'£ * t. fc c- " 53 =« t. « 2 W ^ 5 .2 I fcsl =5 ■■ te ^ a J ■a — "g cs as c'5 2 es 7J 2 a o (• M ..-2 tea SOOD as 2 « - 2 u a s - ==-2 1 c !; o « o • « S c -S .2 * 2~5 - ■ "2 :t •** ** o c c u c; o C 9 « u 0-3 6..S s a a; CO a .S o c8 ce o ® ^ S Sg^2 .:4 3 o a o o ■a m a c! a *■■ e. s .a B U » ^ o a a 3 a ■3 i I t ^ 5 9 O .a a a o c 'C C a «"!- a * 5 fi ^ 5 .a £ "■ 'Xj £??• e I. EJ Is «?• El ri <° «►? -ai 1-1 §2^ e K S §"2 p,i- c ^ B IE £ (t :^S ; t^oi E ■ t-S., a E fe b w, •a t- * a ■a >% ai e' R i» W ;a § s s 2' a' a" ts i' a. .S a bS ^. a'-o .S « a i o a 9 'f> S I M 5 S fe fi "a •'St u i .i 5 " ~ a 7 ^ Z 5 S I b o aS -^s §•5 =s3 cs a « » S.2 >:.£ o-w e c! .- a 4ii:> 2 a . o:S •- e s) 1 a fe !'!=■« « >v s .5 - a arjt. x « — '-s ^ s; a a ■-< ^ 3 r" -7 c « '-' ~ ^ .- i 7< " ^ S'= t '• =Z r r i ; ^- S,r t rf ? = H t ? ;":|f^||i| :, I- - Ui y-.ir ii-' ■■ S ^ — 5 < « ■ ~ y^ - f :'» — j:_ t.-; -(.- t- 13 I 2 i" a >.£ = .-3.« 'X- S b £J §1 r a fee feu i t * 2 X St" = t? •= — 2 •= *■ M M I i a'ft'^cKxi-sS''- »"&<-.■ 4i| .9 t^. i^ 1^. b^ t^ tA (•'. >". k, >.'5 jj ? acccccccsccs k'^ CHIPPEWA HALF-BRHEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 133 - ■i.— K _ " r '■ cesesccs I -* ^ :i/. : 5 I 'i a s r: rt f ". cs ,=S — = ■2 .. - « § g t • r - a o is •3 Ki- - a it = 3 "si a :2 iK r I 1 t 1 e = =- i ^,i 2 ^ ^ - « X J — i. ? til =3 -r •- =5 .it /^. ? =3 r '£■>-■=' -^r ;t a, I -J <^-r J :' 5 i .'.?'* I I -5 ^- .= ••»- ?■ i =. r X >. fc. X r a i a— 5- '■— •- V ? 3. JK 1^11 '1 '"u :.ss-i l" y ^11 5 S.Bl'. C :f f; £ i.:^ a c.a s.a •J. t; oS^ " S3 a K ►^ a a — i =<- ^ a • - w a ;s tj — =» « a i 3* *5^ •" v# -, '^ 3 K * ''W M M P t; c a __ i ■p 'E M « « 5 •5aOc£ •a a-e - a ar S== = Iti s H ''I MX 3; — a ■Kit ha 73-3 «■=<«; -a -jS .ii-=-e:-§.g*;,i^ fcfslE?'- 5a a ^"^ "^ " « '^ « '^ » a = = 5.£_.i. «:;2-ii !S C a "■■'' ^(fis 3 I * "^ U "■'^ "H s T.S'/. K - 3 o o s ■l^-.S ?><; « ^ £ t-as-lt, •— > 'w !i " ^ ;m h --« ajT-g 5 -.a Wxx a 5 =5 S: fc r„ ^ a 2 O ?5£_-'s.2 .2 £C XX X XX X ;y^ a :o : - 5 .a .- S 3 a a-r o S c u o c s u — M « X S !S ai^ B a a a— n . a a a ■:! ^ Siw CCXKXXXX ! » ■ X 5 ■ ■> 'iji >ia i io.S a a a a a a s.c. a a a a a a Ft- .2 -a a a a a a 3 oaHrtrtHHHH a U 'A O a a < a 'o. 2 s j= >? a h| a a" a "£■ & & 3 3 3 H i^ bi i •; r ■} •: ■• I "■ ^•■'■.Vt^' ^--' -■■■• ^^ ■•. -. 'it. '• ' K ^^■'i^i. .] ■ .^.^^f ■ .'■-•■■■■• r %, ' • " : }>■ :;'v ^ ." f *; ■>'-i*if! • ■. :- ,t •*•:■'■*■■■ ■-'•■■^' ^^;■.^; ■.■■■'; «'.•<•■, • r ' •'i' ji'.'' ■•! I ■■-• ' .,-f>'H, ;•■•■- ■1 '... >:■'■■, l.j -%".■. ' . 1 C«H' ' •• ».,-•.■ 'I 134 CniPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. ■ i i-I-» § I $ .& I » a a e i 'A 2 ^ a C S _ M (^ S U -: '-'-A o ■3 n.a'.2 >i u Oi o M t- .Cr (3? « a * 2 dj a -^ ■5 sBl Sa I"* ' 0)2 *- i a ■En o.-s Q ^ 1S= a ® 00 *^ 3'3"S « g a C « 4) ^^2 CO ^ ^ i S3 9.a r; ■".tS a 115 S .-,£ c s:.S • y ^ »; c * Si wis u ^ OJ 1 S.S.2 -j" - * u'rt « •a ■§ £ ^« -Si »: --2 ~ 5 5 *^ a J2t ill 'I* ►4 * - « .ft CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 135 Ijii Mloinitf/ are the namen of Home of the personn who xold (?) their scrip to Jmac Van Ettan^ of Saint Panl, with the amonnta he paid for the same. iailin, Lniiis iiiiliii, Cccili) iiiiliii, Mary Uuiw, Kliziibot-h Rinw. .(lick Bniiiiii'lli". .(oliii Bte Sfl.iiiKer, I'ieri-c Bel"ll^'|•l•. Augimtns Bnmiii'lli', JoHupli Bruiinclli'. .Josi'tte Briiiiiiflli', I'i-t«r Balilfiii. Miirf;ai'et iluiliiue. MiirKaref ikldiiv, An;:eU(nio I liiifiiit. Sophia I'lijlliiiM', Aii);eli(nie Cl.irri'ttr, (Charles I Bniniii'tlc, Fiiiiliniilo, Miii'.v Fairhuiiks, (JiMn-ge f.Jstniin, Xiincy Fiilstiiini, .Miirgaret I fiinii'Rr, Siirnli FaitliaiikH, liiiliort Clirnia, Kiiiily i.'lii-iiiii. Oliver liriiierais, Louis ijfn'iiis, Sojiliia Iiiiiiiliiiii, Uiizil h Fund, Miirj;arett IjlDiirt'llc, Mary A Miirrisoii, Jiinies MHiillis, ri-an^oise SirtiiUis, Joliii La May, Maijiaret Lavarii'. (,'liarlotto. Liflli, Knincis Slil'iiy, Jiiiio Mci jiy, Margaret Mil'ny, Aiitoino liiicliMiici, Elizabttli Miiore, Ann Prpiii, Stc'i)hcn tjiiinii, Mary I, Piclianii, Kraugois, (little Freiicllinaii) Ei'iiltim, f 'liarles, ibr Theresa lliiuilii, Liiais Hflilii, {Catherine Spriii'i', Jnlla A Siihvi'll, Xiinr V H NirnisdiiRm, Pierre Kiiy, (Jc'cili' Hoy, Miiitfaret, (Frank's wife* Kny.l'dc Giill Lake Dead Wliite Earth... () Grey CUoiid do do Xear IScd Lake . Saiut Clmid Saint Paul Saiut Paul . Dead Loeoh Lake. . Lake Land do do SaiiitPauK '.'.'. do do Little Canada. Red Lake Saint Paul .... do Crow AVing do Ceittreville do do Grey Cloud , '.do do Little Falls X(!ar Cross Wiug , Saint I'aul , Saint Paul Ceutreville do White Earth... Littiln Falls Dead Rw,E.nr M.. .■** :' .,^■*.^ ': Jit '^, •■.^■■»'.:f. , >■■ - .■ .■•/n-lt.if^;'-"'-" >'A, ■•'•'■•;.> ■.t,-r :: ;t .'.••.j,,:vfi>;; ,- ■■■'■..*■ t ^ *c, ^v : ■ ■•■'.■;'' fV'P'.ri . = .-■■' ^'^•■■n 136 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. ml F i'" in 51 i 2 It 2 ; - "C .^ a< 1"^ III 5 S-j « ca P^ e HP "^ ^ ? I"— *f I - = a '. O 1. s • M C 5 -M i a __s OS ■- «-. C -r- i ** t. o • c e uOh * >• i . .s;-^ is I -J 1 5 S o t: Sw C . o •<: £ 2 '"^ H --3 M ■ n i:^ -^ i c^ = o .5 ^ ♦■ K C S « - »: -2 — ■ 0.7: i: cij3 o « " ■»; "^ i t. 2 s a « S - S S a i = s « "tj ? .a a =1 a. Si-l 1-5 " ^ « ,7,2 a a §■5 5 '. a CI ? a ■a OB a ,s- — '"^ ; B*-^ -^ js q i I ? ■• a ■" i 'f'\ . .t i a ■■ • i . = a ^ « 2 6: J '5^-2 •£■*' ii.,r. :3 .3 - a,^ £.J3 fi- oj -■ c3 a A 1 1 i»i * ■a a. 5? -a i S a * EC M ^ ^ K.2i i rt > ^ " c' =1 5 h;^; • X X ^ . '■a?=s5 ' ^,a 1 is . 2 a a;;: (=-■=' = ^^ a . I •'7 a tc I « 9 i^ ■Stf rt - Ss 3^ 2 = ■S-ia -/. : |i S^a 35^ a 2 • 5 " l£ <1^ ^ to-i In'" - ,£ i .i- 3 j^ a a.= a >- c-'. c '. - ji t- > a « a "" ^^^^ '< 2 **] « •a » Site I It's tl 5 9 > b 3 > a |ia'5£^£ a^H cs a-3 °.56 ?•- «^ a-a 1'® £^"Jc>? ■f|3 ^J^^tf a *,? a uu- 1^ .?;= 5: " ? "^ ,^ a* .*" ,a a'B C >. - >«^ ,a-— =- ^*^tifr- a*-^i,.'-' oil El--:'' i: - t '■.a~ ^ 2S ^ « ,— -r .^ - >.>? £=•? = t-. ^ 2 (- - - 4, ^ :; > > aJ5S 03 IB CO 4) " - c*.- ^ a, i — - a « a n,2 CO cc ' r; ; " >.. i; s > ■ w o _. ' a a c 1 O C3 t^ > =^ Q Pj ^ c 2 ^ ® > i M CO X ♦- ,:^ "^ r « -r '. -^ ,a o X ^^ ^ - . S(5,B^=£-5c X ir< u s. I .s s a 3 a 1,^ tm ;5 I "a o "3 o i-i o c s c "■I "1 ") 1 |- o a — - K I I r" a _■ -t a.= • S •^ is c ^ r •• 3 -: E it |s ci5 L :, s «#— 5 *;t > •->. r i ^ - :. X «j s*^ "^ w J i 3 i« 11 5 = 5. "7 J •I f ■6 = = tZ=:z^r. r - . .a. CHIPPEWA HALF-BRKEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 137 tt ■ i >. M t ;'■ 1- a 5! ::— a X 2 = 2 C 3 ? J X -1; :iS 3 .-—**• W I it SI " 5 >-s'-5-: a I S aC: f j_ o a £ 5 X ■SO ?• I a Ki X l'53 as S5 :^ t^^-§.5^^o 5 £ 6, - §• -^-^r s M =i; 2 p- ■2 Z jM X i it TS X s P :; - 711 a. ♦- .ti ?: fc t- ~ ■:: ti ~_ - > 6, =-iS-a in^S I ,; = ?ia;i5 iS " r<^ t .1 "SB = ^3 1. &. x*^ .^ .~.a « a r- -T^ — -a < - ^ o ii.^ ? s>J 3- n * s - 'S'^'ai:'! X C ° . -3 ^ ?^ X J ^ •/. 'x ^ > a X a a '^ •a 2 -S - >.-.2 !^ ?!? "^ = C 1.=-?:= Sc^iia ^ '5 ?•§..= = a § ! *J — "^ X ^■j: • _- « S = l?.l i" 5 0. > 3 7; = J •a::: -'^ •• a c S, 5 x = t-^ tl a .'" " *- 3— ^ i X > a ^■a s .. - = — 42-r -■— o'5 « = ;l o 2 a ;s 5 i - o o » •a (X ft c X 2 t;;^ a o a — ^ ___ 3^ «■:•-• "a a - •- " .2 o ■" a -''•6:;i I. . -H ^3 2 3 3 a ^3^4;^ -. ♦J --^ Ch o « S §a5 - I - -«*- . — S .^ ! a^ £ s^-i *^ ** ^ ; •■ X X - - S 2-= s:" ? 5>J <) X 3 5 oS . fZ - o „ n T S a ■ X ^ c „ 5) X I- iiO S-B ■ a^^ 'a 3 > !^ ■? jj a as liar i ■" :; a a CM l-M . 3 -^ ^ 5,'a '- V H. s ; r 5 = a 5-^ -;i-< ; g^-s .fees "=12 s-a^ .■ = 5oO i^ a* I, " -'a ''L' rr '■^■-2. i?= . "a « T a S a '-^aiorta—D*S'^'-^a.i . = .= ^ --■■ t: ""^ ^ =" 2 a>2 y r Ca"5j32'ai3*^ sa£^si;-"a 2^2a'rai=: •= --C > a i ..' £<«='5 a-sti 0.3 a -i,. *" ;* a '■a-_g''3x :- 23 5 S ag6:a gSo a V .^ a. „^.?§ \jxi: r s'a = I a I"? a a c'a rs « '^ ^ A M X X ej O t: - - - "^ u t "^ .- - - - a — M '.^-^ a I. _ c ■^3- '-a -J " a "- <- l-i a t3 — S v a.x.s 5 >: X a ^ — p-* "I a . ■ ^ *■ '" - . _ ; " a « *: = "5 ■/- m . :z: i- X -a &t- i - -r. ? ^' b-2 a r '.' z ~ ■" ^ .■'■'M '■■•«■,■ «> ':- ■ ■■■;>■> '-■■I* ' .• n ' .. ' -I, ♦i "• ,- .•.'•■■-■ !■*■ ■ w .''■>•. ." -j-. :."' ■ "l ■ .rA -. ""■•>",;.;..-' »*■ • ^ , 1 "; J •■; . ^ J ■ "., ■•\'-i ■ :■'. ■ . ' ^- ■■■, :»•. .. ' i : ■■ .*^ >/■..'... t.>,-V. •;, ,i ;fr. J, .1 ^■•<■:t■•'^.■;.V■■■.^ , 'in,, ■..^•■i;-.ii»'/ ,. X. '■y "... ^ .» , '"■ - ■' ^l V: ■ .'■^ ■'.'■". . : ■ ' -' , - ':'■■■ 'i/-' ".; ■•,■ -: -. ^*r • I-': -^■P^■^- :\!?J ■■'■ '■ 'A • ■ ■"! I .■■•M- 138 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. I a. s Si u rid e *&> e 1 ■fr s « I » ;?! o (2i ^•| n c II tag a c I = '5 o = ■2 =t^ •-- p 5 *- rt 7 .2 • * . 11 ii; ^ tiil ■• » W - w ^H ■■ o J = o >i .2 3 .J = ?■ i:3i; 0.' a a cj a - a Hf 2S-H =1-1111 5f ■2.2 3 -C M^ 1;:=^ 5^ r, — « * •1^ i 3 :: n 5^ •<1 £j a r S-'=^-s S-! a => " ^ a r-^J: *■ - a 3i I •« 3/2 = •? '•^1 ul ? = ^ o . a 3 ; n c i§ . «5f o.- ■ * :; * .2 a ''< t a fe -= a 5 S «^l3 » '^ .:! K t^ y T" ,^ ft *- '-' 3-a'^.S =" s a-= aSrS Sa 3.5 .2 H^ 1 Jrsj ^ a _ 'f "^^ -= s ^ s -^ X S3.- . na- il t- '. 'h '..a ■9 >ja > if 5 J o-J 2 '^ aX^ S — ■!£ - c J2 isC a ••3| fc . « ■ - ; J. C a'E a'7 ■ a ; S 3;c I :3£:i-a^a = u- o ^ ^.J : r-a '. 5-a'-5 «^ I r-' £3 c/3 « aj-c o a = a. i — =S§Ja 3 ~ " . .5 .•: ta i £ a a 3 0) 2 aS pr^s ' 3 - a k o 2 ^ rr. C4 a a ■% » a o a" 4 5 Hi I 1 S noil. ai =■■"■: Is ;, i J3 B ~ Z '•' ?-J " r. 2 1^2 = •= = j " ».5 ?*■'-="■. "■( §:oH^^ =^ i=? --J If i' •= I i 5 i S jar~-'? > a • S5 =^ . s = t J . = «£ ■=:;■? ^ .. i _ a = i a. ;;* t- " "^ ■ -^ M •— -" g r = =■= .^2 »a;^ = 2 = 5'° > '• £= .? « > i §25- ft =5 i: CHIPPEWA HALP-BREEUS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 139 HI jii-i IS #-< a s. a;- a? ^ 3 3 -=.2 t't^ I. 9 * •:*- r . M.S? g 5 a "^ s3 5:^ -"^ A* " '2 i:2 I. ,«- sibf «-«l © S ♦* C " 5 *, . i,i-i oc^j; — a a; ' « ?? ii" a I '5-3 «; i ' a ; •/. a- - « Fa « ■= 3 -* Ji 1, r-a 2 -SO.,-' 'J; rt . a .s i;^pa a.S" " rt s 3 — ' .5"- ■At |i^!^ ■•a-Je^^'a -.h *— !:o£-i> J^'-c > ■ " 7 X 5 B : ' 5 »Si: It!" i - - c • = t..= 5 ,.- C5 g «^-J3 ' IB * M-a * S ; d'P « 2 a r •^ S S 2cl^ c2 r/; •-•"■3 J M .-3 I. ^ O p a »-a a s; .• iTa 2 u 5 a ? "ja •' *? •■^~ ,h 3 '" ^ "'^ags-ja^^js.g ""■3 5,^1* 2 cS as" 2 r~^ «a t-g »►-! a,"B a r— s £ f-^ a.- ^a *S3=«a l-;«i--=fc; •aSsj^^e.oJ3^ 5 o. S a a Si '5 5 O ^. ... •= § £'ci Jr * as, * 'C 3 3 l^^g.i I. a B >i «| -a ia ;? a « "S , — |9^ i> ^ 4' «*.^' it C'2'2 3 £t'i« ■^1 •S^a M >" ? a »"a. ..1 ^ ^ ■" — r?-EE-J! « s.i 5 .a a Jj t: .a o 2 aP* .1 -Bo; S'^- ^ . 13 M 5 ^ it I. 3 a^w C^r5 3 a. ^ 2 '"'■3 " aag I I -a I to ki C P - ■ 3 •^ila Op-S-iijoa X ± « a - j; c u:a5^-3i.S a a > X .■" '3 •-• a.« r si; is^ » c~ 5 i a « ■aqcvSjulSs a •?<"!:« £ja £r 2 S ^^ 2"^- = iSiS''5^ =55o.r:..i„ . ii S - >- 5 E a §■1 « ^ •a; 8 MS. tit, 5 kV<- r •- .■-'' -■3?.^ ^ a « a *E -* -. ^ ?* c as =*•? ; X "3 t :3 .M3« I I. . . . a o . s o » s (i.a5.a .= .= *3 c3 rt 1) afll'sf-^aM-r'r^s'^ — -"'*• I i j. -. ,s c , I - 3"- » ii I ^Zl'^U es « t. « c5 0.5 _S S"".! « a S s fe ~ •■€.3 — '" S j£^ 3.9 ~li .• a— I.Hj .a r 3 «? -" . .^ J '. CO fl 5C M t» 1-5 ao CO a 2.3 OT !!r 1 ' , f u ■( f-ii ■ ^ i ' '■! ) . i'-' k 1 . I ' ^ . ;t''k'i-v;'r.::-'J ^'•■■♦.•^■..■.^■•.i| 4. ,i^>' 1j,;.--7 :<.i'-y'i^v.~.;'-. ^■'^^.■/ % * • ■■«* ".••If;-;,; ?;;'.<, ^ ■■'••i r*-f.* ?-:..; ? »-* 'n « i< ^ S iC ■ ... . ^ , -i.f.fl -<■ ■ .t' .'■';''ri 140 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. m ill "■4 m i .5 a o I 9 .1 1^ 'S' e ■s- s s 1 a s o (S '.S i: i.i Q £=y £2 •5 '5 7" itf'l v-s^ £ -70.5 Sa5=J 0. =; c.^w a. S ^=1 tfcg. ^ C.5 • i (i-'^Htt ?v4 =«i 41 -•" fc 41 I-'' »* t* .J— * — "^ • = J. £ ;- a 11^ Site 5 c =.S a. -3 « C 1.; u a a tr M a ;; 1- fc 13 J: «•« = a 'j a . S it a a ^ a - c "H ; £'5 *S Ji .a K* t> NM \-^ «__ j; ^ i a >i <.a X s J -^^■^ ti' I C8 S -Si 5 '5 2 2: i ?aj-=.2 = :5 S -35 |9^ia = £3 ■= p-^'a^i; =■ 7fa*iis'fl5'a=7-i * I. t-*»«; -"aiS »-3.';i-ie.-:'j:* " «■£ 2 gr^ « = 3 oi , o e-J « ? J A Ei a a _ s^'^ s e i; S:'S j)'^ a^£5'? Icu « a a ►- a -• 5 ; i a ;■ -N x a '"•^ •a I. "5 a =i £2- 1% c _ O if >-. t S ^ •a P. 03 >'2 pS'S cul i it a ^-l-S 7 1i i ■?-=7 a-iBS!.TS.2i;* 3 J; t ^' * ^ 'S »• a c-s « " 5 t *■ ss.i' «,a PU u I % -5 rt"^ ^•'-'5 a.c^2 .« ^ i s a I ^M '1 III m — — . "J tit sis— S-s, s V >. ;t, . '- S I I-rA- ,.-!3 « "X^ 2 ^■ '^SJSe.S^.a if 'a af CSS l^^lii .— -^ Z — !* * l^-l a|_j ,'11 ^ , c5 's a,a a ; 'tr/Sr OS 1; a e c f«> s; 9- w s — a T ? ?^ u S = t! JlElf Ml ^■(Sl '^ a a Si 3 «* a ;: •*3 a a '5 o3 0.2 is « a a^ ia 5 ' O £. o S a >■. '■' B ji O = ::r — — x a — .-"3 i|p5i:a'£=^i o oJ «' S « a _■ a3 C3 « * o a a {j.^v- c a - a K a"? a fc :-,a a « i I :,.a il fe . r 7 u ? :: Tfti a JH, • > 5 a I ^ = ■« .-T-^ a 01 n 4J -t>3 ^* r E* — ; S'S.g a** *■ a •Ji 2. S e- a i: a «o > saiiii-f s aJi a a ==^i « a |.Si5Jw-?5e a c; ■-«".a ;•- J 5 Ph c - c c -a . a o I ^ 4 a M : P4 a a o fzi ja B 2 n o a "3 "o t? ' 3 O : M|Kf5a; 3 s a X ^7- 1 < a ^ - a 3 c W pi) B -<1 3 0< O S w w a It a 1^ a a a B ; 1 •• 1 'J "^ «« M •" X .: I I = 2 P 5l-:: ■:s£y.5-a^ 3O cE I ■C T. 1 £ i! W 5 := - ,, = = » .• - u-_ r: !S -i-e = 31 ti^-r j C i.j: lli-i ils ^«;^i -.;:? ^ 5--' S 5-5 ^ c *-^. y '".:<'" X ■*■ 2?. s^- ~'='l if 5 j' = i ^■y.iM-3 ^B^ £ .a ■am •S ^'^ i-M x^^n •=» = >. . i-s ,•■= .- i tl 5- _ S tt I -s 2 = = 3 J a S ~ e-r-= e !• S o'a«5:- .x*-^ = E - =1 ? ESa Sojg'"-'^-!}-.^ CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 141 ■,ts a ■•*" Si ■■ .— w a "^ i;- .5 -i^ .* O Ji^ BOO •£.£§. a •= -S V5 = b ,; JB U «8 Q h S.i: ?f 25 ^ 5 Q..' 9 ■a a Id a a V S5 51' a .ft a a 01.^ i3 ? " s ■• i o « S 8 «.. =^ - (-Sis.'", a a. i! as-- k- s-S lis. I > ei» s a i s £ . a B = «•= Ii =-^ rt s tf |-Jj3afc=f^|S5 a'^ ■fcl (So = i: PSfe I s. ♦JJ3-S ee ,: o 5 .- = 1, a s ru^lo •- s a t; 9 -^ OS- 3ig"' i'Xi ao, ^ isl^JSsT^iS 0.2 « fieSel 02 5(5s fr* B * « Crf fcn a - ■— to Mm s fc = iJ. I a-e t **psa I' tl^ ° 2 |S eS .2.2 ■a = s* ^ .2 o S-5 e •; J -C I. if o oi" ^i-S" a e = 7J 5 a l^-ii 0.3 5 a s ~ r^r, . 5 a a a Sit « JJ4 73 09 ft- I- «^ a 5 £ r 5 sS " ..• o ".i< J..2"|x Im slSftflSts 5"^ = 5 i I o) .— *^ ._ • a S^ i S « M-it o2^3 «.a J, ♦^ a<~* ft *^ 5* « '^'-* • ' = — n a a i '• <- - 'E I' 9 5 = « a S a 2 2 B — a * — ' B o b t'S.M.B 3 J " ,■; s .-3 « « 5 5 o w — a hJ .-s « a .a «1 I- a .9 O O "CCS < ■«1 ,: sT B !" >i K K s a a a I S a o a I e § :S £ic» 1 a 3 Lncier, Lucier, Loudre 1 a o a p.. a 2 a I I N tr ..-v^'ft'. !*:■>:>.:■■■ ■ \i ■■•1I-4 rS ■.• •:'.'i ■ ■ "kj. ''.'"•. " ... ° ■ ii"<. j'.v ..-'...■■. ^ •■ ■ ; ♦'i .v.i,.-f. ,, • -. P-i. .;• '..1 .■ 'rf ♦';i-,.- -■'V ■■'■^ »vm; ■•\: m • v.- ■ ■■«■ ■.•■>!■ /X,. . I -''-' :Try .^^■ I »■■:■».■■■' .^-■■■■^ •: ^.,. ■''■•■-. ■;^-V- ;:"■■■ . * - ▼ ■ "• ! 1' ' 'I . ■ T - . . ■ T ■ ■. i ■■ . ■l-l "-.'■. . -ti ' ■ ■ ihu f ■' ■ ■■V•■■^.^.■J^I • 4 '•;••■.. •-;-.ti*2'':-<-a ■• •!*•.■ •v;.Ki '■^■i;v:',r| :.'j. ■ '•.• 1 i-' .•" tl 142 CHII'PEWA HALF-HRKKDS OF LAKE SlIl'EKIOR. r, m a *^ a e I « « 5' s .1 'S> "S« s a 1 e a i H p e o 9. t 15 «4 Oh ^ IS i- -•= s n o a "1— »•- « 5 « K 5 r 14 = 5 it J s ft n s — ''' ,; 5- s U SB n r. 5 S * a ,' <' %•% ^, ^; I -a J!" (is M a Sou * - r, it aii ■ a - 's r rt i ?. . o ;i "S I * n S ; ^ 4. s ■S.I s •= 7. c C s ,■■5 V. -H. I S C =^ 5i fc-= 1^ Eisa 2 I (5=! is £ «§ as id 'A ;^rl. •- ••'7 SS e 41 - e — S 01 I n « i = "a a r a « r. "* 5 «^ « « t. 05 ;. i !s 5. = = i2 (2 a OS .2 t5 . ^ S = a ■a*' is bC^' 3 V a a '. ii i^ tr. - '/. . Q a B'-^ 3.MI -r?^ 5 i «■ =■ ■r •/: n .• 'Si ." • Stia, :-Si I. :^:^|.| J:-- P 3- rr ;: ^ .■-;•- s 1 « ;• I = i s. 9:2 ■•? > "^ R Bl. S ^ - ^^ « . i-?i _ = i:.2 = ^ 2 2.2 a. <2 a i a — -^ 5 te b c o s '-^ ■a.s ' I B _ C 3 - a «- M B ; I ^ a 3 ~ ^ C «* V -= t lie- sa • ? (§■£ = 5 ^ ■= 5 a a:U. « 9 S t; I' a o I "- n - i « u i !::=* = §? ■=-=-3;i 3'-|.2 j I Be ■ ' X >, S = « 9'/;-3 s I x is a tilt i « '1 m = I. :^s :^ a . £ 1-2 bhJs. £ c t z". .5 " rt2 ^ »: . t E ~ •_ •= ^ 2=-- "IBB Ji^l^" ii^l1== 3 3 O S. I J I.I S-r] i i- I ~ B S -r •= ~ J SUB- c ■iS > 3 * 65 3 i'?a;35 I (. J i" c 5 = 3D3 3 3 2- £ « I I .'• ax ' C >-.d .5:; .=:■ •r "s i c.'S i-J ~ " — t J ;: £ ♦j^ 3 P t. a S •" B .• i; « >. fcS t- r: -rMB-= . X B j;- >. .J ; _; _ J B :'' a • , 3 ^ ■• 3 " ^ 3 -• • r ct I. « J. X > tr. C « S * £ i i c s 'Jo in tj I/' r. i- > u£ c o i _ !:S2?— !► ^ g-g §-2 B--25 a .^■i « is^^ 1; a ij 3 s 2"~ = o' o a .M 3 5 n '.=*t^ I. |i 4. 9 a 3 ^ c- B 1 s-j ; - . = ■ .. - « 2 ' ij CS • ;:b2|?- 09 — ^ C cS Si « iiS ;:•£ =r CO K 8 O a " - c^ 2 t- c> « -*S - 5 ^ U3C0 w fi C cK - :-■'■- i- , ^~ =^ *«• -;~ rH 3 '-*« -3 ^ Hi *^ .;; -^^ 1/ H 3 B Pi a a 2 3 S a. u e P4 a 1 ■3 a 3 o 1-5 o o 13 -a ^ B 1-9 a 2 S h) 1-3 S o et >1 s s S3 ^ .2 B.2 i ^ ■is s i OB ~ B as ?5 ;:3 !.■; to r» 11 I I t nrilTKWA irALF-HRKKDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 143 '■■%?■■ . - . o. :; « i ** ■ S 5 5 '■■-■>; B = ec 2 § ? 1 :; 5 S f-. .- a 4£ t J - - . ^ a a 6.,/^ F iS"^ S 5 e.t: t-. — i-.i = 3 £ *^ if o yj s i - B S S 3 P ' £^ 1-^ = 5, si S fri ^ " S ^* ■ '»^ ' ' s 3 "o 4, 1-5 's T. 1 ^ u s M O) M V o O e ' f^l . .» . I m ' ••> ■ -■: ?. ■' • ■■ •■••V•:,^^i'^ ■* • Ay Ui Clliri'l'.WA MALI' IIKKKhS or I.AKK. MIII'KKIOIt. !.Vi ."N; u ^0 S B a- a. ;i ii •«3 i I I V a. =3" S'2 '•I l«" at ■L ^ 1 •— •« 1, *• c — •c J 5 •■« • »-» a -5 . 1 -^ « 1 .i "^J Si ^ ►^ ,,_. '^^ 5 u *■■ '■..-■■■■|: ■ > tV • • ■,.'- .%••' ." • •••■' • I ■•il "..li'." V',' • I—-. iJ f^r^V ■ ; ■:■■■■ ,1 •.;';'4l if' 1*' u 146 3 s CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. I. is "2 •§ 5r 1"^ .11 a a •5*2 ^re£- o gsgogaog S „ " ep-5 X S •S a i'g 6 1 a a II p. 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V ct .s 3 td 4) r js *- g 01 5 '33 J o .is k O « y * V eja 'i« igfeMP=g o a4~ 5„;s . o >'f . i" 'S a u ■' "^ <^ tZ ^ 4> rt "^ a X .s^ '3 J'83Jai.|,*'j'U ifi 2 ti oj s = = 3 ^ *^ a c.? a .'. i -^ o « -r i 1 a '^ it-a©»;>^— ^ ?ij:'3-3.-:a B^'= Dja a 5 ; |5r.i:-rc2;-? = _ . Ei: J t S - C-- •■e a: i i » 2 « = i i- •" =■ £ 5 i?3 ; n 2'? = . a~ s : a X (K .a XT 7" 1 * . w SSa.riija CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 147 •s a. I 3 S s 5i I. I 5 to a ■■3 a 'A (A 5. 5 ? ■J a 'A 6 'A a o ■s P. a. a a §: n a a e ■3 u •C 2 a a c« a ■22 2 «• S 'C || I I B.2 'J l| .la ^ 'SQ .s . ■° p<= « £■« s 3 a "a *3 a°ia « 3) S) ■-Has «««W«.^*« bo UMUI bt-S to a Baa a J a o o o o o-a o 3 333 3^3 a « at ■c a-s B ?, a « i' ea ee o 3t a*' a in ' O 4J o Wcc ■SoS •;;•;• a -3 , .ra .-B it COS CO o o fc o 5- fe ^ J-ja ! p. • 4,- p. ^' A^ ( a : ai aj^i- g fe* o a5W ! ■$.5«a.E.Ht;! S?fS3*2"S Q « s) « a> 0.' £) a a a a a a a a s s a a a a a a a a a o a i".? a i" a yi? a a a a Sf BaosaaaJJ^a'aB^BasSaS sT^'^|-^'-^|-Sl*lT-5>^^^■<)'-5l-5-^|-s^-J•H to D 4^ . a V • a S aj^.g e e «. §353 2 3'a to II ._ e ►^ a a a 0»? ^1-3 lulu .a2 8aa„ 3 « -^ E. it.a 1-5 to . « r-.vA » -tr" « «> aS •|aa-;a-4|;^.j o -a e S a Sji't ar -" 91 « V in « i- ■ ; . ' ■■■';■' ' *■ .!:^:--^';!::^^- r- ■ *'■ ■"!, *.-.■ 4 - ' li . J'- ^' V •■■ *-, tf (• ", ■•.. •■-1 '. >i.M •^ '■•'.■■-■ t -,•*,' I % •.'•■■(■ ■^. Vt'l.',':-" .-» .'H^'r'.- ■*■•■ T.i .-'.»* ■ ■.; ■ ^ ^,■■..i..i?♦v^ .* . . rf^v..;:;;- ;:.«■■•. , ^'l!. .' . f-' ' , 1 •I '..■.■<■ ,, ■',' '.' ■.I i .»■ L.» • " . ** ■ ••.•^■■*J-■ ,' '. ■■ " ..^.(."■•.'ii.'.. -^t-.v 'i':-.'V- ;■■ if.-*-'/"" ^.\..*::- "•'^" ■■■'•:.• ,I^'K>* "■■=.1 ■4irif ■'::< . ■■ :.!>:.■:-■ ■ ..; ''«'.■.*.. ''>''.;V i 1 , " ^■4-: ;« ■:•''■ ' ■■ ■ ■i.j-\ ;• - ■■(■ 148 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. iiMV;'- •t?. •^ ^ o t s So QD >^ §< .. GO i-'g w ill s.2'a V L. n o Qi a |3 = .3 o » Ei »> •-§ Hi •=3 11^ 1 1 I i g it 4Sb • a ^" Q CO U ^■^1 B (> &■« a •i^sl^ayii Sa5^S,3|!-g| ■5s^4sa''"-- .,jS 1^ n 5" o III: -^S C .. o a -g c4 2 lllligll CS 3 E = ■3 - i| k.-a ^ 9 $ ■*.»" ^.» e a ° ^3 >- S S S c s "1-s^ ■•'3 i2K§lu a ■3 a E a o 6C <9 s. 3 O -c -a o =1 ■a 2 as a "' c'^ « o o •a "o IS a g I i? a o o « ^ g CO 1 1 i ^« ^" *-t rf cf r- c» 1-4 1 5 1 i i 5 QC 00 r-i 1-1 1 n a. 3j 5 'A 'A ;! a* I a <, < 1 « :■ 1 <1 « _2 I a 5 m aiS a ■a * «:■' I- a s S a .^ a ^ n (9 a" 2 5 a 3 S 9 P3 e ■ s a J -u 2 * I'' RIOR. S^ a J 3 |W Is tM S » C g __ .?5 »rt I-! CI ^ *j rti B b 5 s s ■= 3 c a .S2 = ■m s -I ll-i £•0.2 « 5 fci ?* s s o^ 3* |;i o O C p -- o ^ = §5 .5 r"' 5 •W U M. <) 2S C QO ri i d'oi M- n u >5 > s- 1 eg 1 e « 1 p i^ D « C i-l « £« m » CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 149 I e5E^ *• -♦* £ e § * i: Q a {s^a7-i^3lU 2a: 2.1 =«-iS S 5^^ §^2-3 8 1 B-s e i I s-l 5 g i S 2 :•! a-s 1 8 o •3 o I o ■3 a o e -3 e •o ^ s s -3 e •3 9 '9 o "3 o o o o ■3 9 "3 9 e •B o •o a a a B a GO a.a S Oi 9 a s li 9 "3 H 9 •B a o o .a I a a a 3 9 9 ■a S V 8 I I >• s c a S I ^ p. a a a 1 S ■1 ■3 ■s ^ ^ *i- '3 S lii S > a u ;; o to •a IS. I bo a O u 9 1-5 u gl ?S S m ;:i«'"^v'-i,' '■ '■■■I '" S,- *•■■.■•• .'.I. -', ;..' ' •■ . ••j'V ■■'?i''!v;' •.*'*■ ■ ■ ^l•■■ •:■•■■:■ u j, ,4-, ,.•.•'.■'.. « ; . -( ••■ "-•■ .;' V.;. I ''■if!''' M * ?' *■."■■•-• ■■r V t f. A-i;'. ; »•,'. f < - s.":v* r- ■■• 3:v *^ i-* - " '• ;v4 ■*5 i; f? ■• , ,■"^ '* ' . ■ t-.l '"}•- luteal -■- ■-■-'?;<'*■' 'Ill I l^. 150 HIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPEBIOR. i. n i"" 2 *« J •■ fi. (3 9 « — 5 " v-i^ 1:11 Ills l^i«v-i!* -Sols. M g S q 5 B I •I 4J a 3 I CO I ^ o Pi s -s >§ e e I I i o a s a ■s ■s ■§ ■s i^ a ■9 a § P4 e ■3 e •9 •§ .§ •s e a o u g g ^ r- .o o o 'A in iii gf 5 s s a a e a 9^ -s :3 I S £ I I I i I I- iS S S !^ .a u ^ a !% •c a IS i I g a o o 9 n sd" 1 o o n IBIOR. • e .. . 3 I? "I - !§il| II ' -"^f^ > » L. ? I .- CB B fc 1* I §£.<£« in e •o e e s 9 "3 a B 3 a a i i 4J ^ a I '3 a o CHIPPEWA HALF- BKEEDSOF LAKE SUPERIOR. 151 •Is oj""*^ S 5 S ^^^1^2 •§•3 i5rgae = = s s 5 WW^ - .£, ■S£i B e : e ■§ ^ o o o a a o u a IS B ai a O <« 5 S e 2 d Si OK a O •S e •a e e o § o a a ■^ S o U I I? ^ •s •E e H I I a a a g u « a a o « io a 2 Q ^ 1M 1870 1870 1870 00- eT Ww- 1 1 ti t>' ti 6 t 6 sf i 6 ■ • ■•^-1-:^^ i^;. ^ . ,. • ■ ; ■«►. «* '. :• . )■ *,•>■ 1 — ' -' '," J f :. . ■' •; *■■ ■ ■ ;. . h'iM-'.. ?;: 'i'': ^'U' ^v.-.' i;;:r^iK* '^^.■• ": ■' 1 H*,^ '•'-'^^ 1 .■•• y,.." •!,.vV* . f- »^-,.> ' ". ■ • IT «■ ^" -' + ' -* 4 '••:•■". ->- ■ V*. '■■,i-i ■V"i-*. '* -,: "■"'j' '=?^.■ '■'%'•■ ■ . *■•■• ""v • ' i-.m,', ■' ."A:.-. *>■ ■ -.'■■■ ' ► ■■'■■■ ■'■■■^.*f^' *9y'jt 152 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. It?* s s a bc .a .a ■a I i o o !s 1 .3 '7 « jj 1:2 2 * - 1, .•- 5 "O U .- 5 4-5 3 "i » a a 2 S I .<; > s a =,a ■ft fc (..O** I c : 3 , a -M a •. o e a O ^^ § e o o "OTS a : o •a e o s •9 o 3 •3 -a e o CO •v-a e •a a .a ?3 § a .a a .a a p I t h a a S a a >- c a a ■/J 3 i o e o es r- I'" r- !-• 00 CO OCX) op £5 V 9 OSS o o ^5 » 5 U > >> s 5 o 5 t t- " rf rf i^ ^ >■ sS a .3" 5 ^ 3 ■a- ■a O C 9 a a gg 4 a .£"5 > a a") g 1 II .2 1; a'-s p a a « I •rf a S igj SS uj sic IS' '■ ■ CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 153 S-'3 ^ 11 U iV- a r/i «.ii 2=' ..a 5g M •c- ^=^ £ (3 a a .= •3 53 la P3-S -si S M 3 b ,; ^ S-S IB, b •- ■ e s S a -^ « M a '^s a S 2 « . es-s lis fcSfJis 5 : ■■■" d ! S .*' « J o o =3 ^'^ S j:.a s o S " %^^-^ »1 § e S?^ fe^i i'.S a 2 b ^stj 1'^ .."fl (5 tt W •SS fe-g Sja'fc •-I li'siis -'^ l'2fe'i|*| w 4a 'O »« O 'b >ic t: ■a. < O t) ""I e rs V-i o '9 O "3 o 9 e a 3 o u o o .s a 2 : .2 5^ -I •s e -3 e o o o *3 'CO 'C o e o ■O "C -s .H .2 a •o o "O Q .a o 1^ a a e o "O I 1870 1870 1870 ^-1 SSS" if. ?{ 65^ 1 o eo OD X QO Sr ©f^" ©f oT oT oo" o" cT -M 4^4^ 4^ 4^ +^ s sa S .:■ :*<< 1.-^ ^>■■ i-- ■'•*■■• 4?: ■^>r' '. I ;■ • '^'\ -^ft ~»' ■ ■■.•^- ■■;'!> ;-f-<'J' I--*--: '•■•■ .f ; ,' ■■•I #Mi 154 CHIPPEWA HALP-BREED8 OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 9>)' tt^&S? -6 « a .a •^ a o 1 4 I >> s V a p 3 3 P S o s| si i- It •o " 5 " ^32 ill S Ssa SI is ^ .S ti B o .5 •a I I IS ll c4 b o e a _ V a >• " f 41 •£•3 SB H ^p« o a « .Si? « o .J '" 3 £•§■"-1 2 * g 1 a -ft:-"*/! 2^ —"HI ^ L*o * St »• o 2 S ^ ci^ M O I S A I l4 e 1^ 12 e o it e e e e e o e a .a I u e ea .S .a a Pi •a a i. i o s e e e e e o ee I I _ a 5 i e a a o o o £ o Of in HOC i I 00 X £ I SI ..3 5 ;^ gg gS3 e a I o EC'S ii 5 S CO -a « eg I" Ph .5 a ^ ft 1 I i •§ 9 s s a xS So d ^ >> b i S 4<» t o O U „ Q Q Si X £ ^4 ^^ « oeT o" ^ J 1 s h rl c« C4 A S u « ■o 9 nt t a s ^ o- J^ n Ol CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 155. o 1 6 if Ji 9 e 4 Withdrawn (on Uftt.) Rejected.. ..an i i A 4 i 4 i 4 i 4 1 E 2 1 ^ .§ o ^ ^ ^ns ■€ ^ 4 5 I 3 a s V "U 'O ^ >§ -s •§ .8 ^ •s a 3 I 74 11 1-^ 9 S I I I I •s o o i i g o ee oe So Sooo SS -J «l S & S OD 'f 5 a" "^ Jo c c c a' s s I > I «i«l -J 45 r:- 1 > ■:i''«^' j . '. 1 , ' j-C 1 ... .*•,'• ■■,■■ 1 -/."pi'', ■■■■■{1 v' .^ Nf ' ; , *- j • ^ ; ' ■ . t' ■ t'. "..(■'■'. ■ • ■ ■■ \ ■ \- ' : ■ ■ f • ■f^' : •. '■' !•::'■'*'•;/ , *• ■V -■Kt:::^ ■■■tl:r.l::.'-vf \ ' ■,*l\ I s s s s- S S! 1 ^ »J > • i-:;- '{■-•' - ■•■ •.■l.'l «••, ••>;• ' ' ,■■. * .i ".■ . . "^3i "?,■■••. -••■ LI 156 CHIPPEWA HALF-BRKEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. m i It MM r 1^ i' 1 r^ a i § 1 'f ' H j5 P ^ s P' r w V*K *■;■, *T -■ ■ ' ft; s 60 S o Ed K CHIPPEWA IIALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 157 ' I K. Tho iintltTHigned would roftpectfiilly repreHcut thiit, on or about thu 5th Aav 1^70, )ic wtiet tlcHigiiuttMl u Himcial ut;unt of tlie Indiau Otflco, " to take evi Saint Paul, Minn., Sq^ttmber 1.1, 1871. Sir: ~ ofAiinimt, , .. . ., ileiicu with tt view toaHcertuin whut {terHoiiH of inixud-blood aru entitled to itecuro cer- lilii'utcM of Mcrip for luudH under the proviiiiouH of tiie ueveuth cluuHe of the Heoond article of the treaty concluded at 1a\ I'ointe, Wis., on tho IWth day of September, l;,'i4, between the United Staten antl the Chippewa Indians of Lake Superior and the MliMtiHsippi ;" and also under the eiglitli article of the treaty of October "i, iHlilt, niado l«'twet>n tho United Stateu and tlie Red Lake and Pembina bamlM of ChippewaH, and thu HL'venth article of UHuppleiiiontary treaty uade by the same parties at VVuHhington, D. {'.. April Vi, 18fi4. riiat hit* letter of appointment wan received on or about tho 15th day of September, 1-71), and he entered upon tlie diHcliarge of his unties. Tliut in said letter of atipointment he was instructed as to the kind and amount of 'proofs required to establish a proper claim" under the said respective clauses of said tri'iitifs. ills instructions under the provisions of the treaty of thoUOth of .September, 1*')4, vitli the Indians of Luke Superior and the Mississippi, were as follows : The proofs retpiired to establish a proper claim under this claiise are such as will clearly show that the party claiming is u " mixed-blood of the Chippewas of Lake 8u- jiirior, and that, at the date of the treaty aforesaid, he or she wan the head of a family, (If twenty-one years of ago, as the case may be. These facts must be sworn to by the iiiixt'd-blood claimants, whose testimony as to the same facts must be corroborated by the ttllidavite of two disinterested witnesses," «Scc. In the discharge of his duties, the undersigned was met by claimants and attorneys of claimants uniierthe treaty of the 30th of .September, 1854, who maintained that to entitle them to be beneficiaries under said treaty, it was not necessary that they should at the date of said treaty reside among the Lake Superior Chippewas ; that if they were mixHl-bloods belonging to descendants of, having u comniou lineage with, related to, the Chippewas of Lake Superior, it was all that was required ; that their place of resi- liiinco was immaterial. They maintained that this question had been presented to the Indian Office n"d to lie Secretary of the Interior in 18G:{, in the cases of Elizabeth Ilorup and Theodore Burun, mixed-bloods, residing in Ramsey County, Minnesota, and that certificates for land bad been issued to them ; that the Secretary of the Interior had decided that cer- tilicutes for land should be issued to inixed-bloods without regard to their residence, the ouly recpiiremeut being satisfactory evidence that they were mixed-bloods belong- ing to the Chippewas of Luke Superior and the Mississippi, and were twenty-one years of age, or the head of u family at the date of said treaty, and that the Department iu rtpi-utud instances since had ujiprovedof that decision and acted iu accordance there- with. It was also claimed that those persons that acted for the Indians in making said treaty maintained that the intention and object of that provision of the treaty was to i\\>\)\y to all " mixed-bloods of the Chippewas of Luke Superior," wherever they might be. I'liou investigation, the undersigned learned that the question as to who were legally entitled to the benefits of this jtrovision of the treaty had been presented to the Indian (mice us early us July, 1H5G, and that the honorable Commissioner hud construed the treaty to uiean only those " mixed-bloods of the Chippewas of Lake Superior " who te^ided among or contiguous to the Indians of Lake Superior, asdistiuguislied from the Chippewa Indians of the Mississipiu and the Chippewa Indians of Michig.an ; that subsequently, in the month of March, 18G3, this question was again brought to the attention of the Indian OtVice upon the applications of Elizabeth Borup and Theodore Bunip, for eighty acres of laud under the provisions of said treaty. A re-exaniiuatioa of the (luestion was had, and was submitted to the honorable Secretary of the Interior. In reporting the former construction of the treaty, the Commissioner of Indian Atfuira stated : " From an examination of the evidence submitted, it is to me at least doubtful if the latter allegation (construction of the treaty) is sustained ; but granting that, it is iu my mind a forced construction of the treaty to require that the mixed-bloods should reside among or contiguous to the Indians in order to be entitled to the benefits of its provisions." The Secretary of the Interior thereupon overruled the former construction of the treaty by the Indian Bureau, and decided that the said claimants were entitled as bene- ficiaries under the provision of said treaty. Under this decision of the Secretary, scrip was issued to said Barups, and thereafter scrip continued to be issued to other mixed-bloods without regard to their residence, the only requirements being satisfactory evidence that they were half-breeds or mixed- ■ < • 5 f -'till ■■ "■ • "il^ !_'• • 'I . ,'<*i ■ f* • • • f I ".'•> i-.K '■^.■.^.Jv■\.i^■• ■*. '• '•,••'<■ ii ' ■- - .;"-■;, tjt'-.-.'.Vw ^ ..'1 i4i.-'-v--'; •* '-■.■; !r-+'- ■ '•II ■■.■.-:nx..' r ■*■■■: I -. "; v'' •;"■ ! '' *• ' "'I -.■/-■ 158 CIIIH'EWA HALF-HRKED8 OK LAKE SUPERIOR. .♦r-'Tic!; ■■ •■ liloodn lM>1loii){inK to the tribe, jiartieH to the treaty, who were twenty-one yearit of )|){h, or the head of a family, at the date of the treaty, were entitled to the heuelitN ui' tbiN ]iroviHioii of Huid tiHiaty, and that thereafter oertitiuates for laud were isnuod. Tiiat the iMwitioii of the Department hait remained unuhaiiHed and otill adhered tu UH to who are beiieliciarieH under thitt ]>roviHion of aaid treaty. Ill the diitcliarae of liiH duties, the underniKned wbh guided by hin iiintractiuns and the dcfiHhiuH of tlie Department above referred to. No lint of iiaineH of tliime to whom ncrip had been iafliied, nor other information of that kind, wuh furniMlied the iinderNi^ned. The honorable Commituiiouer of Indian Aitairn, by letter dated Febrnary 7, l^iTl, di- n-ctcd the undermined to report to the Indian OtHce what proKreHH he had made in cairviiiK ""t hiH iuHtructioim, together with all the facta he had been able to colluut up to tliat time. Ill aiTordanco with said diroctiori, the underHigned, under date of March 10,1371, Niilimitted such a report of hia action as ho was able under the circumstances ut that time. That by letter from the Acting CommiHsioner of Indian Affairs, dated May 4, 1871, the underHigned was infoniied of tho revocation of his appointment as a special a^eiit and of liis ap|ioiiitment as a special commissioner, " to be associated with Henry .S. Neul,' of Irontou, Ohio, and Selden N. Clark, agent for the Chippewas of Luke Superior, aiui Kdwaid P. Smith, ngent for the Chippewas of the Mississippi, who will act whoii within their respective agencies for the purposes mentioned in your former appnint- nient ;" evidently constituting two boards, one of which was designed and deHijrnutt'd to act within the agency of Selden N. Clark, and the other within the agency of Kilward P. Smith; that the undersigned was instructed in said appointment assperial ('riiiiiiii. (.'. Washinoton, D. C, March fi ;.•: ■>, Sih: I have the honor to report further rospprtinR the applications for Red I -ike c "1 Priiibiiiu, which were rejectttd or approved conditionally, the rejection beiu); on account oftliv Name parties having had scrip issued under the treaty of Lake Superior in lti54, and the ((indition on which others were apitroved being that the fraudulent entries in thiir nitnics at the Haint Cloud land-otlice shall be canceled; that I have found that, ill tlio eleven cases approved conditionally, no one of the entries at Saint Cloud in their uamtiH have been patented. These entries can therefore be canceled, and this beingf done, tiny will, according to the report of the commission, be entitled to scrip. A list of toe names, with the lindings of the coniinission, is hereby transmitted in scht-.dule marked M. Of the eighty-three applications rejected, because of having had Lake Superior Chip- pewa Hcri]i, I find forty-six cases in which no )mtent has issued. These entries can tlicrefiire be canceU-d, being fraudulent, wherever the identifying scrip has been laid, and where it has not been used it can bo treated as null and void, and these forty-six pirsons, nci-ording to the recommendation of the commission, bo allowed to receive liii' iKiH'fits inten;>i.s]ii>ctfully request that these forty-six names may be iuclnuoa in the list of those found entitled to receive scrip under the treaty of 18(5:1. Hchf'dide O contains a list of persons who are entitled to the honefits of the treaty ollrtr)4 with Lake Superior Chippewas, but on whose case the commission omitted to pronounce, beyond giving the evidence found in each cat'i-. I rtsiiectfully suggest tlmt these names should be ad '. < to those of the Gilbert list andtliose found and pronounced entitled by the coiuiaission. 1 am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, EDW. I'. SMITH, United Staten Indian Agent. Hon. F. A. Walk Kit, CummisHioner of Indian Affairs. 1 n /•. ; •■ ' ■•'' I.--, -:-tr. •,' ; . .*i ,■ ' • ■ r"-' . . < • ■ '- > \ ,.. '•■ • ' i.X ■> *■ .' ^ T" .* ■ 1 • .' •'■? i' ■ • ■V :, ii • s . • * . - .1' %;,'i, . i. ^'> '■ *,^ ■■■ > 'j ; 1 !■ fer' -■■■■1^1' •. •». "a , , T => *-v::;.: i. »h . iy : '■^>■ -f.:." ■'■■ '*•-■.'■ I /;*• . ■ ■ -.C\S!":.:>c'^''- • • . - :■',>•■ (■-;#* '■t* ... - 11 :-: a 160 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. m m m a it ^ ■^■^ O "^ ■cS 1^ !^ SI'S f ^ fW o u •-5S "ii,- tj » ^ -M £ » © * a,« J^ i» ». e II 13 «■« •■5 s* '?s S^ 'S.«. If ^1 «5 ,35 ■SO S-S •« « •s^ OC ■" «K S *F« s^ *:- ?2 ss ?s « £ a> l^a -« £ a •" II "w a ^^ '^'^ 'W « 1^ S z^.tm't. M W 5£ M 1"- **a ft.* ill a M • rt •* p Pi 1(31 Bfc'-' 3 I q xS 0. a fe"^ >s * « ' o— «'C 4" E a ■s:.gg|gs| Slilis^i-?; 11-5 a a:> s ci w .a.S KCC 2 g'' ^.5 1^ g ;•£■— Bin ".5 a « •3* ^« q" o — a 5 a, m o a. -r « o 2 'S H _ a a S o (4 s ¥ c.g -S e i^ a 3 a o ■9 o a a o O ^>!i «" H fSH w u 4 9 = 3 '^ •V ■c-a 4 4 » .a ,a fiA iA & ;^ ^ a M ri s 1- p 3 A a e ci .S fi n 3 a P a « 4 Ph U« h ^ ♦H ^ OJ 1^ ^ r* i-T ^ (N rH ■^ a d hi « ^ pq 5 s £t »^ ■§ 9 £ H5 s M 3 g S _a ■3 S ;. ) P P< !/■ ? i in HIOR. 1 £ n^ if V. 3 ci «■ 5. =2 S3 11 1" "^^ 45 ^= 1| 5 "^n a 5 >5 'A^A Pf H fSH ^ 4i — Ji "=3 •^ •V ■s-s 5 01 » u ja rfS •°-a <}^ t^ tJ^Cfl ^ /< % ^ C (j^ ,!^ c i> es c 1- P ^ S ■ e (J c 1^ a 3 s -M t^ a •:. ll< p^ P^ ^ ^ t^ i- h- 'u OJ cu t-< ^ tH V IT t-T (N ^ to s 1 I ^ 1 g m H ^ ^ 'J S ^ ■g c c .3 ;s i U ►- 1 Pi > q ? !S 1J.i.«=2 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. = 3 a •- « I. r.^ ;^ B j: M '/J 161 pa » 1-3 a K n o t3 » H ,1^ es o H I' M .2 '3 s 11 11 B S I C!T ,,; I ^M ' » , '. " i--'i..^.- • ,-v, ■'.. #■. -;v..:^' . , »> ■ '" . •'• ^. i. vf "'.i-i.-t'l,"'!-' ■ ■'-■,;■-. ■ ( :• ,, ' ■ ■'. ■ ; . -. r" ■ ■-i,-."' ' --.■.«■■ ■ I :<•..-, V;:v,i-!|;,fJ ,-,^"- V>; i»< '■. ■ ■''".' ^-; .'■,;. /^*- - ■ :^:*- ^■' •;f . *•• ■iV ■ ■ ■:'t .-V, fr^' i t •V>'-". .- ■:•' '■- . '.?- , ' .%''T ■. ■:^^^:'.r :■:> ■'^(y-.i '^^£^-'•^1 * . '— V:Ur.-l ■■•J.' '■•.•i«^.. ■ 4.> .'?- V- ■*-..- U2 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. m i OKFICK Ol- UMTKI) STATKS IxIUAN AttKNT, (Ciiii'i'KWA AuKSt'Y, Minn.,) Tith Januarii, Isto Sin' York Cilij, liox i-ji-j SiU : I liuvc tlio honor to invito tlu' HttciitioiioftlH-CoiiiiiiisHioin^r to tlic listof imtiKsi ■which 1 liiive clmckt'd on S(^h«'(hihi I), in the ifpurt of tho hitii ConiinissiKii on Half. Iht'cd Scrip. Thcso arc names of tlic parties wlio, I tliink, are sliown liy tln^ rvi- «lciicc juiveu l>y tho coiniuission to bo btiieiiciaries nndcr tho Livko t^'ipcrior tiiatv oflK".4. Also to the Uiunes of purtius in tho Scheiliiles B, II, aud L, which aru as follows, by nnnibor: Schedule li. 1(1, 2(i, 84, Si», 10.-), 1.JS, '.ill, 222, 2.^7, 2.".^, 2(12, 2fi<), 2(i8, :U)fl, :?21, :!2;», 3;?'), '.m, :VX\, 1(10, .m .J(ilJ,-ll2,42;!,4l>7,542, 549, 5(i0, 50:5, r)(Jit,(i()2,(>0:5,ti04, tlOG G()7.l)27,(i;{l, (i:l2, li:i;i, CA[\,{j>A) (i'.ii), 72:{. Srludnlc H. 4, y, 11 , 14, U), 19, 20, 82, 25, 20, 'M, :](i, 47, 51, 55. Schnhile L. 17, IH, 20, :?5, 30, ;?4, 41 , 42, 43, .57, 00, 7ti, SI, 85, 91, 98, 108, 114, 120, 130. 142, 143. These jiersons were fonnd ontitlcd by tht* conmiission, l>y reason of theii- (joinipction I with the ]{eplications were rejeettid lu'eiiiiM' ; they api'eared, accordinf;' to the list fnrnished by the Department, to have had scrip i issned lo them nnder tho treaty of 18,54. Ihit to that scrip they had no title wlmtcver, and from theii- api>lieationM they received scarcely any benelit. I respectfully recommend that, .so far as tht; entries in tho names of these piirticscim bo canceled, these half-breeds may be put npon the list recommended by the. coiiiiiiis- 1 sion as entitled to recoivo land nnder the treaty of 18()3 with tho Rod Lakes aud Peiii- 1 binas. Very respectfully, yonr obedient servant, EDW. P. SMITH, United States Indum Agent, Hon. F. A. WAI.KKI5, Commissioner Jiidiun Affairs, IVa'^hiiKjIon, D. C, : I s I .Si 1 ^ a ^2 w •;) u esi 9 ? ?» ^ t ■*• ,-< y.i '6'S i'^ s CHIPPEWA HALF-BKEEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 103 :'*■-. T, Janiiarij, 1^72. 'ork Cih'i, Itox i-Jll T to Mic list (if iijiiiiosi toiiunission oii Hulf. (1 shown liy till' fvi] lUko Superior treaty j ch are ivs follows, by 3:55, :?r.(), :!'.«, 400, 405, , 130. 142, Mn. Ill of tlu'ir connection | vcrc ivjuetod ln'tiubL' it, to iiiivo liiiil scrip j lul no title wluitever, iS of those, piirticsciiu ndi'tl by tlui conniiis- J{oil Lukes iinil Pom- j W. P. SMITH, ataivs IndUnt Aijent. I i 5> a "^2 ! 2 I 3 '■-■■'• '.•",7* ■*■'• ■■%\^:*-\- ■''■':■'•: ^--:7"v •■•:;•;.; :f-:^.-' ■■;■ ^r* .\=r^i ■ "•- • ft "r. V- -•i..' ■ i <' ; < 31 .- ?! £- |?t-i| 1 ^ >5 - - o ' fcEH ' 5 t-: ,= ;,•!=- iis ill £ .a a i I S 2 ~ 5" > " ■- '- V. (-: a ^i" I- ^ a a-s i* r ' ? i .i 2 - » iii7 •/■- aa^^-:.^ t^ 3 ^?-£ - S St.= 2« a : o_ •57; s ?■= 7.- = 5 7, " 2 ■>:.'£ 11 a - - 1— a~ 5 « a i: ''2 a ^ ■- ; '■=::?>- 1? 3 = 1-=:^ •1-..M _ '•^ S ^ -' 3 S-5??.5 £. u.-, • - a T- '3 J-r-J a i "J -H 11 « i^ ■_ 1- ... J' X- ^2 -a 7 r "S ; a,4< 1 n = ■-■^ 5._.i a 1 ? i" ^ -■ ? '■? = K t« - "" - '^ -L 5 « T 'E-Sia-?-- 5^7. B.Si s— i-5.i; "'■ w ,a a. 3 ^ =IW^§-^ = » ^ .i - jj : 35 ^i-i >. i I. >..•:; >■ ^ri^'^ i c h3 J2 o J ~ 3 a xa -2a 3 ■a - . . . i ■. ^- el I • ■ » ■ ' ■ , ■■,, f'.'l »» ■ ' '- ' -^ V* *. .* •,»H ■■..»,■•.■.. ;.: ; ■;, fi'.H''.'?'--"-''';-'-! • -1-;' •■ 'Sv »'• ■'■ '• •I -t • ',■» .» . ■.'.■„tr -^:> ^•..» >4^:- \';* 9 e B o P, T. .— i a g • s rt 2 '3 •3 c: > 5, X ;_ c ^ >3 r: 5 0" c 2 « t? 2 •- U- 3 i« r ?" a 1 2 ii 3 h— 1— 1 7> fy. ^x, 4^ c = >; Zi^ -3 »5 I-] :g ?5 ¥^ 2! Si 1^ 8 £>^ (• I ■.y> ..•..V-ii'-Jl'V:.-- „,.'t.r Ail -i IGO u •^ •5« 5 s I I i ~' I = I i ciiii'im:\va ham -hukhds oi' lakk skj-kuior. 5 y: K y: ai M :S M H I i! & -r 1 ;4 » ^ '2 ~< .-* ►■J 1 s *^ ri; ^ ! b I A >', 1^ U- ►t '0 ^^ J3 ♦J li if t ^ .• ^ ml .2 c .1 •7. i ^'~i^.i = si'3 ^ -"■j-^/ .■•7_i--=-. i J Z ^ r Z ^ *^^^ T lE^--i~~^~]i ~'i i :-=-•;'.-? % -tu 'i t-^Z I r '-1*. C'llU'l'EWA HALF IJRKKDS OF LAKE SUPEUIOB. r' «"3 S 3 •" ^ a - .jC S ^* g ki "I'h ^ 3 til _5 a ■f. -^ c S ^ ^ i •5 ^ i " > »' t!J ki 3"* . —J V ^ i "2 H ;• ■J fc^ 1« ''■ a !: ^ rt a a l^J ::i - -§'•'•■ 2 IS 5 VI f. "1 ?• •- 1. lilt -: 1, CI 111 5 Z :3s /I i-i^^Oi ; 2 i- - 7; V' •- 1 > 2 2 15 si « A -^ I - 1-^ M M 1 '^a c; 3 ? : > ';2 ■Z* .2 £^ V ^ &- = j^ •^^ • ■5 ■■* ; Oi OS f-i 1) J ■; f f? i; U •^ ^ - t ?= »» *> \< M « : j In ^ ; J a 1 .£ c; — tSi J5 : « u- *^ r > 1 • i' i^ ; >. w • *0 'H ; - CT- •-4 • • rt 1 I \ Vl in w 'cj •t. 2* 'T * S-: U* *^ - ? «. — ^ a p = Z ^ -^ ■.^ '^'B = 3 iT ^ "V. ^ r/. 1^= CC ""^ C, ""^ ^ i' *-5 » 7 ?. § * le f- t-i I a * •a '2 .£•5 4,tM ^ t ■: 6 ca — ' ^ pip PiMi-l Q Cp 03 Tl IJ lf.-f. '. '. 2 ; ;(r; S ' 3 1^ ■ r' i' ^ 5 ^' /ii a o *-i I-: -^ ^ "ji ".y y, '?:?> m J. 'jfi J5 a B 3 .E a — .= = ^T o — _ .^ 7. - -■= ^ 1-:^ :/-5-< P. « .s = p-5 <^ / /J IX •53 3- a . « 1 .^r.' a X I 'A^'ii O P ■ fii aa a a aa ca^'- >^*^ •^■•^•^ m o - c. ■-. u C — 1-5 « . rf« X — "^ — -r" ci ^. w SI 1* '.^ r~* 'r I" — 15 1G7 • i ( ' ■* if-i" ' . '\'r'f ' ' k. ^' . ! - • '■ iK * • li'. ^ 1 V" : ■ • -fin •J '«■ ' 1.. •'' t'' I ■" • ' 'I •,*>»-•)*;■•■-•!■•■ I ..,■••:. ■■>ci; *■■•.' < ■ '•■ . ■•<."..'•■■ ■■■■ ■■'^if.' ■*■■■■ ......irv-U'. ■ • •'II' •:rt?;:i: ■?''.'^<''- ■ •!'.•►'■;'*«.■. • -ti"- ., • t*. '.(Oil- ■ ^ *■ ^.■■:v-*5 "- '; •;"-• f; *■'-'■■' ■1 '■••.•■ •'*..' ..■ ■ ;. ':♦■■;*'; V • r«i,;M; ■'.■: *'■• ■■■, •?.'^r **» • ■>. -V" '. ' >i. ■;.- : . . •..'■■ .■.;;■.»■,■*;•" i.|| ■ ' •.i^-'-v':,!! ■ ii.-.tl . .■■ :■■■,■ if '..!■; ■■■ ■■'.' ri'^''':l ;/ -I Iff,--r.fl':^ 168 CHIPPEWA IIALF-BKEEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. ^W'^ mm. «^ J3 ^. ■♦-' :t a x « ^ 's. 2 a^ •^ « ^ > IS <3 'c^ I !K o O 1^ O o o 'A 'A a 3 r£ O a- B a i* i^ "-S :; P^ 1* c » OE ■*:> '§* if "5 ^ 1- •g- E o u C I 5'^ .1 S-ti 11 II c < 05 3 «" ^ St! - a f-1 1 'A "a: O 1 11 3 4 1 g "t F^ c 1 ■I s s e ;S- ^ .: = ii : T- 3 c -: I ; < o e •3 -3 ■ l/'.-t JIOR. CHIPPEWA IIALF-BREEnS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 16a "■^Jl T o / - = — H * ^«f r:-*- zZ--: ■• = I. i — - i* •: i 13 « l*- •■ - = i — ■- '<■ z ^ -"( ? c '-<-•— .'' Li "".£•■:•■ = - x •• ?• ■= r cs I - ■= 2 ; ? I i^^ ■■ rt = i ^ i 5 X »3 a •^ _• ^•i.y — - S -r r C o o o o 3 1-^ I - c: hip i:s=a Z i" — • • . c 5= =.5-i: «3 a ;^5?-? ■•-^-i— - ii;-il 5= I -12 .'-I !-^: <2? ii 0) C.— 't. :m r '• o X - .. «- c _ r 5 - * >,•= ^•= a ^ c J3 = s = 2 1' • .5 £ 3 "E V '^'1 ^.i C5.1 = «2 £ I "".2 I'* ill c Mi t- =-c2i ... . s. IS C J ^3 ^-5 o o -a o a e ^ I.- - *^ A ..^ -^ 3^ e o ■c-s H b a ; £ • i) : a £S .:i4 • a • Q : t! • a ; 3 ; a s ■"Z. /, >J TU '/J W 'VJTO X ?f s s'-fis **■ '/J ij '-/J ti 6 ^2 5 •3 J4 o S " 2*5 e: a »?i: P^S . rt tr* a Pi fee- ■s = 's s ^^ 5-5, .a a ST" o o Hi ' ■ . ■ f Sf' 5, ■i3-.t.-.r=-S.-. ;-- :- 2 .S« - « a. s a p i =.2 ra * ?5 5; s « n M *• ijSs- -,i^ SCO 52 e c s ^-s o t-J 5 •s a 5^ •sic ti^i^ (Li a;; S I , t? '" *« -.' .'I '-'■Wf.:.v.-K'.''--.,J '-v..-"!-^* i. :^"*^ :'.^-» >!| ;--.,V.l.,:y;.::.- ■'■' ' ' -T .^ .'■^f.i'^-'-i ;■ ! ■> ^ 1:-' :f.U , ■•.-•■J' :>•'»! 170 2 5 o ^ 6 'S^ 02 a a CHIPPEWA IIALF-IIREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. i. § I I 'f. a 1 ^ o 1 a .£• ^ 1» .■■ ^ g c >-> bi ^ S, o >■■ 2 i^sS •§;!i =•;:•! y= . T *- -^ ^ ' > -• ^ r. .tX :; « a h n 2 S' ■=1 S a • 0- ^ , at; is fS . "^ a I. t* i; 1} e-a > .7/20 t-a f-f.^l ^ O'^ ■^ — >. 2 -^ -s' S .7 T '/; .V ~ « I ^< a-r 5 50i S;^ '^i^-zw<<'/.'6<4 cr. ^ I K A 'j; M 1^ r, ?■ = ■c 6:^h£ a_s a tf, ^ . 0! 1 ^ h3 !r TM^ PB^- S=3SS . ci r: . V t(. ;<• tt « ?( .2 -srtrtaaaaa.n c= gyyi's^sjsa _ „^._._,-, ^. ,.,.__ j, ►-iM H f-1 r^ ri rii f-i ^1 m r^ r-i r^ ^^ w M W Fi (— I h*i p->1 r1 C^ r^ - . . « ' 3 ~ -- - ^- '^ a a ^ it >^ 3 ■;: y?-; t * s ^ "2 V « ^i 1 » -S Q cmrPHWA MALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. «'~a i. «. 3 -> - t 2 i:^ ^ a — a •/! ^M Z s ^ E ' 171 ^i-: 3.5 5 = " a 2 -a .a ai2--s8 "H. z ^-" '■* "-^ o. ;« ,i = i ■= 3 r n s es . I' i a fl ",:; ■i'zi ~'fi^<'i'r.^ 7.?. -"^1 i=~.'^'-r j:•■^-i."'>7--■5 ---. i, . ._ ^ S ~^ %' • ■r ?5 3^2 — •S M g ! i=: ai ;i; o ^-^i ■-, o -55 o ►J /j 3 < C 5 5 I - a 3 5 a ■| I t 5 3 J'-S r- '■•7 s -S ■« a -S'Sl5'='|. = = = ri-;='-^ ^■■= a a :-5 r ■= - — - •• — ' s •:; s ; .tS tt " i. -—■'_;-■ r"^ — a J. r >i.2 2 i a 5 c T ^ r:£ t-a'S * i hI - .s S '^ r !* ;— a WUm • ~ .5 2 a a >'< c S I--) _5 ^ p ■t if,< u; y^ y- '/: J.", y, ■ . -J i ■1111 ^ ; ; ; a • ! '5 ■_2 •X TJ I- t: -H ^ ^ n I.-; — i- i.l — c. — x cc -c 1^ f- I- :^ — I- '— w < • -c (■- %= 'X x n;; X X X /, -/.> t, i. x /- i_ x rr( — 51 -H * * "c- a z .rf - - ; •S 'S 'S 'S £ ^ i ^-a 2 J-Sacgg-fr C — rM M *,-'• .{ ■■::\. ■■ ; ••-■ r" V !• '>>■'. L •'„-••:... •-It,' ■■ V-.-'-- ••. ', .■■ ■ ..„v*l 172 CIIIPI'KWA IIALF-nUEEDS OF LAKE SUl'KI.rOR. m Mm p m hm mw Wi: Mm II'k '^^m W ' %^ffi i|(v^ sSM Kvv s S I « S I w 02 e 15 "9 S /. t. a-'S -r >5 ./ "^ ^ •/. .3 .i — .u a rr -^ i 3 ^ ■« S a t c Ji-; - r- •^ t.J3 *l-l Ir-l — 3 "3 fl 3 6 C3 C3 i ij a a I "S ■a t < a IS if o ?H C« 1 ^ s ii a a, U) ■a "o s s 1-5 a ft a a as < 5 = =i f^-H-A CIIII'PKWA HALF-imEKDS OF T-AKK SrPKRIOR. 173 2i;j;-5 i 1 - a — — — I, ^ .^ — X 'J ^•'l z 3 » a 11 .. 3 -15. ' I — ■= — = 1-i - ^ 's-yd i< = = - , sr,.>£^:= i:;J-- = ■■§- k J"- i- .5 ^ s , J .i ? '^ t "^ H ' -? ..C -r • iT-i - s.i: 5 " a t jiS ..- «Z" 5 ? - r-«"" 3 = •; = = '' u: =■=•5-" H I? ^3| ni=;ll II 1 1 ,3 a H.-ti-2 n .-^ - -t .3.-3 ■« * ■• -2 ;•-*■='*>, ^dl - •'J 11 •- " I ,'• a - ^ S-' t :! Ph e 'i o I a •ceo :n s ^■^ a a^ 3 3 « Pi ■c-c 5 sec a n C ^ ^ o 1 • ' ' • ■.''*i .ivf:::.txi.'»*:'-'. | - " • • * . ► jj •:•■■:;'.i^^*•■*■■" •,••*• '• "*■ ■• •• "^ ■* ■' ''■ *■"■: ;r;;,^ »"■■ .■ •■V .. .:■, Ti Ki •_,v,.-- .. , ;il - ' 'I 174 CHIPPEWA HALF-IJREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. R{*fiii-- a a o a: I c a 1 s i J ^^ B a V a Know him: he lives somewhere in tlie seltlements; ean't say exaelly w'lat he is doiiii;: .some of the halfliieeds I saw viTv often, .siime tive or six times a year, .soiei. most e\ery day; never kmw them elsewhere. — Lonis Girard. I knew two larpe families of this name lived at Fort Cirry. — 1 . IJottineaii. All the jiionli' : Have cv- heard of of this name live down Ked Iliver, near iort tieny. — -f. .J. Hill. *^ ^ © " C- «- v_r f = rJ ■- ^ ;j 2 ! ^ f _ =^ ti. a 1 C £ < J "^ _c Z -r - -1 i - r 1 zz 1 5 J P- z ^ • • s 9.2 zo s ^ 1 ■* 11' • 1 I 1 QU ouajoL-Txaoco aoD oo *ii; «r |.-* cT c:'"e-'i.-''o v" cTji -S I'^-^'S ui;ttuMo f^s u its a 00 coco >«i -!)a 5 CZZ 'a rt t 1 ^ 1 1 < 1 r "S r 1 ' 9: •^ T.'Z J: c s c II ^ 'f a (^ s ^ ^ ^ -r ^ 1- -- ^ -J s 2 = =; ■: A = K .= ; : ?-'v. i* v" CmrPEWA HALF-HREEUS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 175 Si Za g tlx f. v: •; = .- X " ; s ^ •i ^ -^ 1 ! N-> - -■Z L t ^ = r a: J: « 5 i T. ■^ ■^ c ^ r - 1Z r - -"i ■— ^ 7. - s "tr f^il 1:1 S = O __ 1 . « c 2 c ' P ?!- " :^l;a ■ .2 .- .iCa lib c t(,— is !_;"-- i«.2 - - = ; *- Is > ^ - r, -T- :>^ : c/3 >^^1e?;5~ tS .:r.a o r a a "Z - i a 'r^ rs ^;i is.r=^ .i-^ .-. 5 « r-r 5 5 — -3 til a 1 - ^ 1^ « 11 ^ i II *? « = 1^^^? in := a il 1 £ S.2 1 t'C ^ ■^ . — — :j-a u S *' ^ m^ -i ;^'.3 — '/) 1 '^- r -7 ■^ r 5- - 1 .J-3 M P;— Ti ■r =^?£5S •ill ■ . 3 — 2 u y: >,•- «— s =^« ? 2 a (9 . .2 c i 'jo > 55 ? E-? !Hp^>^ •^s ^ ^ -■ CI 'V^tl^ H H "— ( •-i H = •/. -«. iiH .§ 'A 4 ^ 1-5 ■3 r^ i, — '-; i, f*. l(^ CJ ^ I- X X tc vs I- v; -i J ^/. iJ X i. 7. iJ *,.' ■••• ' ■ ■>V;v ■>■•.". ' I-, .v.,.i;r '.•■". .»H '■■' *"■■• •..■'■ '■' •'■L-i-' U • . 'I . ■..-. 'i*,. 'J ■■!' 5, , ;c !li"^:>-*'N''''' : : -6 ■:••;. •.!.,■., ■•;* I •a i 9 ». a s . r .^ ^ 5 a f £ ■?' = r^ ~ = ; -^ ^ 5; /- a C S ..:;■« .— .Hi^ C •o JsNi^ *^ > c « c t) ■^-2 •'••*— jl t H I "s- » rt = 'i .5 5 §-Z||i'? .si-^'a Sr" |'5 a- c-^--. r« -a'^;;J *•* 3^^ 2 - S S 3 ■■ *" ai O -y; j •« ./ = I ^ I => i a''< :- =.J c3 Q s c 'A *'™ ;: ^ is ■/. -^ te- - :^ 7Z ' .X ■/. ^ .- ;, ^.^ - ■/: ,i is'j '> X — — t — ^ 4-> s c -^ ^ .■!::; J f5-= "* P ~.::y — ^ - >.___ X c •- - :• ** — iZ rs ^ ^ a; _ ^^ i:.= 3 5['-^? ►5 W s —="..;.■;■■ p. c ^ s ■ ? o ij ^J M •s o i.2 :=:^ I— .2 E o i:-; 51 in — O-H 1^ ^ii f-l •— « »-» fcS <-^ <^ o<1 -H nrj & " hS ^ ».-: ic nc TO cc ^ <£ o .IC X w to 'O I- X '1.' X) CJ T* ■■£ o 83 •/: x hj ^5 p. S 1^ '8 M t a- o. a « ;3 « £ - - H^ h.^ r"i f— I 00 ;' ^i -" '^ - 3 tf l==-f9".a a I '- e- ^^ii : : -.- a d - B W T M CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 177 ': ; a !« •i ° i i ■i .- = ? :i -63 IS — • 00 ^'j 41 S .5 sv3 . •^■§.ai 5 ^^-3 5 9 a- X. is sf*- ?;- ~ o * * *j .:; 3 *_: d S 7" S oT g J. .3? m;5 'i-5 X = ■3 case i^ 2-5 £ 1^' ■— -J ** U ^ c 1> 'J M W F S i« w c I ::^ 3/ bi s S I 2=« > ^ ^ ^ I c*^ , d ®s • Iii.a ^ 0, Ut j3 a B -« •d a; s* .MO i « o o.a O f S is •''a ■g^^a =1 a a O •? 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'J'v; *:::•■'] "':■:"»■■ ♦.'t-'W ■«,. 1 > ■■ • ■ ■ ■ ,»' -^.(i-,- 184 CIIIl'l'KWA HAM'-IJKKEDS OT hAKK Sl'I'KKIOU. m ii ;^ » i* I- t- IriS' iti§- i5^i«- •« 'J3 a ■V 'J 3 ^ 1 ^ u ;■ e .? t4 ; ; ■■ , 3^ f. '. ^ r.s '.3 -•* .70- "^ .; - ■^ i; 3 ■^ ; u a n - ;, ■y ■■ 1 . \ Z ~ c a -J O XT. 'i! CIIII'rKWA IIALF-HkKKDS OF LAKK Kri'KKIOK. 185 t*k 1 » >• >:■;■. •• • ••> r^' ■ . ■'•- ■ ■ ■">■ ■'•: . ■S-r-'f 7t-:?r',- J ■■■- -v.;; :v ^ ^ ^ >>.^^^ '> IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 5? ^/ m 1.0 I.I tii*2A |2.5 ■U Uii 12.2 2.0 us ni& 1 1.25 1 1.4 ^ ^ 6" - ► Sh r «'> /J /. ^^'> ^ PhotografJiic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. US80 (716) 87^-4S03 fV •s^ \\ [V ^ 18G CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. « s a ■» a © 4 d o ■a H 6C a i •31 " t3 a « S'HRUP > i 3 •I I •«1 e o e I •& (3 (4 o i e I •s (4 1^ o n a a s 1 (^ a S o o tf 01 •ti <1 gf Ha a ■? Hj lH ■ti I & "S i I I 5 a u i I e & § i e o a M o o S S tlOR. a^ PkS ^ : a o •i" ift;0| ' '-a :2P - I* Bk4 « .a 3 ja .S .-■3 .* rs « S a bi» ^ " "f ' a 3 a ox ?>a a-* ^2 '■'■3 "3 ^|a Jl Eg* •= t f, a « J n-a ai_ !" S '.so-' •— '^ ?5 © ^ o e a g s a s ii "3 n P4 a a o e a •? t-3 l^ F o 4 § B I A< H h C fa" 1-" o S 2 i 5 S V ,a X J o o y s I i CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 187 Mill .a ..=1 tgsaf '*'- a ^53 S>S'a tl? :-j< « 5 S 5 e S MM* J g « .|2.S.S3 I I CO M " « a s Q •a ..&5js B 3 ■« - .5 Ia&s4 §-a"S • *a 9 COT? « £jajjo"§«3g g 1: e ■s.§ gM 2.S at e s Ir « . 3 c ^-.2 $ 5 1 ^-if^ ■Sa |"S o- (a 28§* '.-If tS"S.|2S M2o-2;3 .2 S-E.»<- S§'S*3.2 « 2 ^ 9 o «■« ii mS?S.^ 3 (« '. o Ii 6.2 it's >§ e o a S -a e S eg a eg Q Hi S I 1) I « *'■.£! o o .§: .a e a a a a IS a" s. « (S 5 o I a B ft ■a 6 68 Mt>> B * g I ?f s s a H, 1-5 I i .a H a" « o I £ I = 4) 41 ■E'E O O r- OB 5 s. » & a ee « B M eg » a -a B eg o P. a eg « H « a S e5 eg a s eg O S 55 I 5) *'?;t> iM I J '■i^K ■TV f t~. ,• ■, V.I ,-V.f !.,;.■-•>.• ■1 ■ ;■ .•■*■ ^ > ,: .'1 : >■••' !*■. >< ;.i;»(V. •"> . \y-^f^p-. p>i.g'£'° H H lull's , Ml .9 ra a I o "3 e I e 2 2 o "S o M a •S a ^ I i ^ ^ p4 :S5 • s •§1 K a I a ?• O §=> .S"S 3 a a e 3 £ a e C S OtJ ^ at vs 1- «» r1 a 1-5 !9 es is s « a 3 a " a a I J2i O o g 1 (§ 2 5! n a 3 R a i Em I a c Q ii a ^ <) t: vT •q '^ v a a £ li a H i -g. -a a o to 4) ^ a a. c: a §1 « oa 'A Sis Sis IMS ^!^ lis in* , 'a » IP •< S j »^ ki! c e I s <; H k ^ RIOR. ■a •- » « .5 — « .5>4 ; «■ ■all* ISo-^or ff} op X 1 ^ i - = !3 3 s w ^ a . a a £ » : 13 — > ** a a ® « : o - •a ^• a '3 a .2 — - pa §3 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 189' 2-g 3 -2 -SS-g^lfe aS .s|.25|j§|S 3 2 3f33§i:<)::° s a s u o -s s „r3 a JO o o S a > ■" « » — » n Ul Ol II a*" ,&^5 . f^22ai, •3 a 5 , sl!.i 9 of S« i^i; S o BO d^ £3 e5. "2 > ® 3 ri^lp^lrij 1.1,3 sS aB,aa3aM-i§£e «5 '75 S5 a o a a IS *^ w S B O . ""IS? -t »i cPh B t< e ■d ^ 2 e •9 o ^ '!'-;■> V" ■' '• ■■ •»■ '.• '•:'.' • '■•■■.■'.'-■. ■.".ri:'«I >► ..■5. »<:».;•■■.•'.;■' • , ■ ' .r .1, . --i * A** •::■■•>■>,■■:"•■ • :.;. .!?v'-',-^' • ■ •■.■ ■ ■■• • •.». , rl * .•^ •\^:/-. : -y- rjv". ■ ' l| '■■-■'. ■:;|-S'n^^i 190 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. a i s 8 "9 5^ "S* 'S m I) c ts u OS >, .a a a V a •3 a a <1 eg C9 I e J2i (^ S > ac ts -• " T) .a ■3 .. 1 -"^ is ■S.3 *^.* ■?ij.^Sii S.g oPh s-SM'S'i-e a a 111 £ O 3 s « o O a •3 uab.aa B.ao"®aMB'2't:aa oa •i II -s- O'-J s £ » .. * J i" » » ..—-3 1 a>'« t? £ - a««ja * m'5.2 S S J 8 . a JSlS * St: 5^ «^i'i:?|l'i'ijtKifi^'i 'k-J«^l »-"*•» l^afilfi S*i!S*'s' yllliliil;^! u o o •9 -O "5 "a I P4 o e •9 'O C8 u 2 C8 I a S i ^ M a .9 3 •g. s o ^ § .a S I & I sr I Ol St t-" of i i F4 a H »<; as •t, s s ii a Q «i;S: i| i'Sa, 9 ;s a £ a i B 1 ft. o s a i o ' a !2 t: & a &« ■«1 s D s 1 ;^ n n it 3 SRIOR. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 191 ■l\ )5 -S ill Mi- ■ei£, •2 I si J |3| .1 i2 I IJ I ^* I .1 S IS* fa *--'-=S 3 ass a q 1^ e fa "" a c aj 3 Si! ► SS e ■a e .a (» •a 4 •^1 &■' 00 -rf ^ ^ £ £ £% »• ^■ ■4 p« »f a sf 5 " sfs 1 <-> ri II wv ■^ ^*v^ h si .2 'f a s 1 •<1 £ ii i^ i £ ■ s ■ i I c a P a I •a I a S S •c ■g Pi I 1 ^ 00 00 1^ 4 I III a S 3 I S S ^ ^ ^ ■^ o o .a A OS o hi a •a fS g|g II 1 ft 1 £ ^*-< i-« ^1-* p- ^ rt 1-< sa ^»» r-oo- m- sf ?. 1 hi 1 is 1^ 2-5 .(■•. S.'..' v'--' i : ^'' 1^*fH; j'. --■. f'^M : ir: :\ 192 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREED8 OF LAKE SUPERIOR. a i ■■B .9 Iju 111! il3 ■S « o g ft— ili^ls l2«§i"i§ iM 3.a i '5i , ' e B !»a Sh 3,2 „^ OBSStoageaS-Oog-.aP^ •^Sg-S^dSo .,50 1 12^ ^ .€ « ^ ^ ^ S I •§ .§ ^ 0) ^ ^ ■S o e e I -a s I n S a ^ I I il £ I i 1^ I I X Ob qB I •S 4 Em ^ n I S •a o •c I B Q t^ ! s s » a s 9 to a o I .2 p< B Q I- 00 UOR. ^w »♦- ai« '. e o"^ ^-3 S S 2 B 5V4 o " ^ B^ _ a o & s J 9 P. O 5 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 193 .9>^ ^ I "* "1 o 3 « e^fc. ° fl o 2 "W 3 S 9 a S * n a - ■§ S "2 1^ I 2.2^ I 1-3 ail 3 1:^-3 j" S o S I I 9 o "3 a o a O .2 a % QO 1^ S3 1^ I n s •S s s s 00 -H to J. Xiao II I s iff a a A 'S •a g o a 1 P^ 5 ■a s a o ^ •3 -a i i o 13 H B S "i Iw V-*'-' --^ ll ■' *'>':'•.•■ V' If •t J ';'-., /??:*:■ 'fl '>ll --•.•V ■■-'•:■.' • _ ?.'"(; V ■''"■' 194 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. ■? >' i'.S 2 g 8 Si 'S :s s .2 I I I* I •a B a 8 •Is ."i I "^fti^if.g'g lT*a; |s?S|fc III -I St. J MB « ^■251 a o . ft SJ."*' a^' l.sgS5 alllasr H « g 9> « 3 ■si BtO'-' . OS) -a n s I •t ■^ t-1 ^ M »i i =' 1 ;a ►» § r' t J3 S s t^ 1 § i know tinean now hi •;l:^ M P ' .i^■_ ^. ;. 1 5 «.-!.• = , ■n «-« =,— ■•a y^"^ >> .i t ~ "i a <1 ^ a I e o s 3 B 2 & Pi o o o 5 S 01 Ph 3 (X) X' J- S S 33 :d or t & 8 SSn S S 5^ a I s I I a I -!3 a 3 ,5X0^ O C O C3 o S I- 0000 lOR. CHIPPEWA half-hreeds of lake superior. 195 I .B 22 se: ^ !_ * "^ -nil 2?^ = ? sd- -■a ,"»-:" •2Sf 5!u ■ * — i o op o o o tc r«< iH ^ ^ '^ 4J 3 • 5 o c o rt O cl _ |5!.|i t-, t3 _ 2 "■ a« S S.5 '•2 U'S 3 z - B B •-< s ^ «• ^ |5|^fsse'^S7 I '. • « 3 ? S S .fi a a ^1^5 > i . .-■S-SfeS g III UtcS at) 3 C^a 3*3 Pi 2 ■ « = S 5 ? t = V; ; i« :HLt^l .2 o £ • a sS^'a^^isM-*"" a S^' |i7=l'^?-=7a&=o_. = M laS 53 ■ 5 o . >3 >9 « b S a . «; 2 a 3; 1-5 .> 5.-S6, I-) " 'I I? ■■': . 1.1 j3iiSc''a.SBjtieaa • 'I w.|w iS J 1 e •a -3 •§ o e .S I ■R •§ i ^ ^ g i P4 Q. "S 3 a I o O .3^ OS 1 •.a rfuf «<1« 4S .3 II a s i si .fc ■ *■» V ' . ■ v I ■■.■ — . ^ r '■• • .'••■■■ 1* ii •% ■■ <» , f •■■• • ■■■'•.■"* tl •** = .!l '• . ■• -111.,''!?*--!; 196 CHIPPEWA HALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. I .3 s ft; I 8 "9 B .S «>1 a e *S S <§ I ■g i I a 2 2 a •3 8 a s i2 Si a -3 .a Si 4 "a I £ <1 -c=r i.2 •Is ' a :!3 J2 -c 4.1 a o iA ^ a p. ^ g- s "S % CO »2 "^ (H X 1.2 -H t- M ^<0 F- CO a 'b a o a 13 .2 § a a 3 a 5 5 15 00 J3 % a a •3 "3 ►^3 p^ a a =v':^'t;|3<: 3 «- 1 " = :!«?=. ■•; »• r 5 a J.Si-Tr P P J a p s = a s S Hi 5 = » .S M « Q «f a a : ^ ; "^ .a . ; s s. ^^v3 te le FN o- criix" § <1 l = & ^<=i^ 3 ^ 2 I J I S 5 •3 n C3 (-■2 2 >. til ^ i ii: 5 a vr" X » m « i -as _rt > « (• 'S Z m 1 V u I i ; O I CI X Ci o lOR. 1 1 ?H3 s 9 o 1 1 : 3 33 ■".S >,= >.a f r E7 - •3 if i! H s, g V : ■- I t: - - ; ^'^ : s; S R ^ 4^. n J4 «. i »— S 3 s "S "r ? r' J3 ^ «s •ri * •/. * 3 "^^^ ; ; ; C ~ i V Ci! b •s P 1^ p. 1 P^ sa ^ h: lifd i, *^ ■^t. c • .a ; < '. t M a a 1 if •=' III £ g £ ^ 1-1 H- != OQ j^ ■^ M S ;^ u rS a S a y a « a O a ^ OD o P, 2 n « n CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 197 •"^^1I!I|; i;a V §2-5 ag ^1 ■5 s'^ -^ a M.«-3 a ■• = ^ ^ TO a. 3 ■a 1^ t* i; -<«a,| 3: I < a •§ Hi o I ? z rt S oa 6 - s ■1 3 a u O a 2 i I '^ •3 o o i n n • « at - i-i«:i.5'Tijts 111: .^srl-is " . ^ O w B s u r fc" ' rt « T^ - ^ pi a..3 a ^ •" 5 !-^'* ^ a -, w s o S3 2 '■^ 'f.iZ ^ 2 ^ !|« Vi v5 M •9 "V s o «: .u 5 S — inin — C.C O P. s V tr 1 u ^ a a .s =^ 3 C. CO a « r* a s i a e I- •5s ^ e i r 3 ■3 "'rt a ^ el C5 O S i? « f * t':^"1 ' . k .;■.••^5^c^ v>- ■ ,'l it-* '•»v*: ••:"-'*3-V'" 198 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. » s a "-S a o o 'S ■^ '*=^ g' "S" •| I a 02 a i o S a » M C5 '5 C = is 2 -1 . « > >. 1. . .^ .5 a< T — o H K H rt 6-a f PI ■^2 « S 2g «-5^-i^ ' a •/: 5 '•3 . t- — ^ '1? "K ^ s i *^ !■ u x; — •2 2 t. .;-'-■ £ c ^ i = i! ~ -!=~ o o c 9 = . >-. S ' i 1-1 = a « 5 ■^ i £ tc^ iJ S ^ "* i = - e ^ o s •-- ♦J a s ™ 5 S^ S C8 ?< iT. =11 § c o a _ -*- - o 9 a a s S s i^ t:3 "-3 Is =-3 s*- ? p. — a, (-X o 2 L-w ;•*. j; — (J - -a — (« I. ■a OA 39 ft .Si, -0 « o S .2 = 1^ s c <; 3 « .a >^ o C U E "3 If c i5 ■S p4 5*. ^^ *" s '" -Si-i ..^ 1^ « P.2 S £ ^ g y Sl-3 O to « '■Ji''= s «| ••■3 .S a H.a §2 <« a ■^■B--^i •3 o s O 63 X — 08 I 3 " :=.S ■.Si^-2ig«i-: : sj; 35 • S — fi r 5r :o 2 ^ ^ ~ >■■: T o ='2 a f ; I i i ■S £•/: iS'a a x— a .- -•■P.rt-7. .liiisg ■s u i " = a 3 - j= s « = S «■- K a a i-= M IT O a = ?£ S :/. i - 5 5'Z J — J3 p^ »l'« 3 .-SO 08 O 5 St 2 n4j(-j;^*-'«-j* a _ t!; I S i a a i5S<^S-SM^ jS'-aSPaxS^ SgSp'^i^'S'a^i!. B .^ .S bii-i i; .^ M c a,' ■5 I g '-a a^? • u Ph^ P.39MI-I a o "^■■3 is' 3S ^ o c 2 S^ . .2 u « 2 ^.^ "-a I-" ; !o ! :a I p- w — ;5'J. 4) C8 - p ! o s S.2 H = -. « fc t. 2 SgSaSsS*- « =P-i3 ._- £ a •S « ^ a s^ a '3 fe-*' .a oi->. ■•=•£•21 a ?^ -^ :— 1-1 a- o .. "a a 3 a = :3 !g|Ts^ J 55 .i-s « ♦J a 3 .5 p. 3 . ''c»_5oaac csW c2 * « o5 Si-5 aSi^ 0.3S c^iS'-.a 3 e,-s S s a » :? « a 4^ = 3 c 1 1-5 J 2--.? 5s| qC-S o . a,- Pi p. <1 o 00 rs % c § • t n a g o o •- -J tXl 7J r. nei oo e a a iH CV fXi S 2« B a ® £ 8» t- C O a B a a i-s 1-5 *- a a 5 a a o o a a a a CO MM ■M= o U = R B ■a » § o a. 3 a a 2 a a P-'S a I 3 ki ;«5 r; ei M M ;1. 1 1 f • ■'! ' 1 ■ I •I I ti.r -i.-r ^ I , V (fc ^ " » .■ •■■ **■ V'- *v:. -■ ^ .'1: \fy':- ■•-.•'' ."■;,■•.•„•' ^ ';f ■■':V:;,»| ^^'^^ .' ^''1 200 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. S3 -9 a o o 4> © .s a e ' a m S I I '4 E «1 o S P P. §■ o o ^ o tea M M 5? «fS o O ■' I Itf-.a > a '■e = z> f s ait! — -O — JJ o o «) g iS ^ o a •-5.2 a •s «■- a.s « > o a i-" fTi a p» ISS5S' P.O ®5m ago® P OD O O^C OS •-3^'-' 9 S -- a a -rO"^ c-C ij-'.g t, s fto a V cs g o" 2 S "3 -WCS 2 a g-E ='.2 2 1.2.15 (^ u ec Woo ^a •2.S U-alt ls's.2ag...2 ' rt a 9 _ o a a z c rt.o a o c4 «: " '^ t e4 S ^ ^o== ii o . 2 t^M 3 c .2 5 f J3 « d ai-5 o — u « ■s a - 3-3 o ■*-* *s sli -a-2 •a a I. a 3 t '/J , 8 a 1 ■= .3 « o ►^ o a .:< . cjla - o '•5 s c a.2i_ ^~< a a _ 5-^. m4 rt3 I 5 M a Ml o 6i I n Pi 2^w .S I c o-:-<-' o — 'a .aM .; o h-iM M ^ a ED O <» l»tCPi aWs5 9 g « ^ ' ■CM s a «U-o: i=2iai M M u ■=a = g = ■o o .a S -2 !l .2 -a 3 O "9 a 'S> > a ;2 a.2 :o '.S OS « . §3 I i W Hi o M 1-5 ■a o I a a) O O O ^ X X X cf i^ o' t^' cT rf ■H SI <5J Kf a hi o a -5 P u a o ,. - •■S Hi ft, .5 S a a a I « a el II (n 8 S r* X to tn o c s «' 3 >i ^ K a C3 a o IIOR. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 201 5| '/. .2 ■»-» o L~ jj" O T. •-kP ^^ o: *- w 25 tt^ rtS •-•J :.■? Ism .; o'H— - 6^ 3^.M rt^c^jt'S r a -C- tt'3 rt rt3 ola > S'' a 5i « 6:5 s-= is s-'OBr^o.-fl-iSa its ■; -|1m i tZp>4 : r* u.a - "5 -S 2 5 • - t, M I '3 2 2 •-9 " i = § % 2^ 2 '3 •= a a = •3 2 a O :?W M Wo M_r a , 3 '. 2.: ^ 5 o .2 ca a fci . O in X • fes- « a « IS a M« 5§.S2 tp^^a' '3 s sti a" a cs a g a" «9a3 Saw ^loS "" «^ HOC il« .-2 1 a =J-w 5 - S "■si u . = .■ £...« aSS-Sl ■^ . ^ D H* ►^ iH a a iJ •, -.3 SJ 'S £ "ij - •§ sa = •-■sS >>' x.a ^S-S"5a •Stag's ^ c S O IT fca -r "a 5 s?^ •= « a-g.2 si "-a! a« -SI 'saaf.s "1 .SS3 = aa a-a .a '3 a 1 OJ3 I "StH « H a " I 2- '•■s.s t. J a --o - • 3 (§ g o n 3 a I o ..g oS g-w a o .S a S b a - o^-WpS as o a a o r 9 £5'^ ^ = « " o -5 a :^ 1^ S a a a*^ 2 S-s ®55P< i S^ I (?«,fl aS O Ift oc 00 ei — <^ !: ^^B cs u t- tot; to to t^ (Xi au a ^^H ou a 1 00 Tact 00 -JO oc f-l f-i 1- ^^^^H T- i»« i-< r- A ».H f-H »- *»"'" S3" b ^H ^" c 1 r ,..- c i 2 S" cTrT »» T^ ^H w V o a 15 * a ■ 1 B 1 < Apr. Sept. Oct. Feb. s ss Is P. g Sw Oa rt r:s a o a CXI ;U a o a IT^ ^ n f o nn CO • -■ I ; 1 , ■• . »■ I \i\m '■'rnvL'l'-'-'i^' ;..,,':.tt !'»«f '•■;j^-i • V'X^\t-'\' ■'■■ "vl:?a I -riv.■y■...• r■•■* '^ ■ t ,1, i»» • *, •i. .'.I*. -1 -J- -*/«<•:■■;■. ,.*t 5, ■ ' r ■ ;il 202 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. m a a a 'S p o o I u I H o X u Ml a a s «>1 "Z a ■ ?-5 5 2 « 5 .= o a ,2 .a o a, > "(4 h CO •ZwZ ^.z, ^ & hue Si: Cm M o s .2 ® 2 02 e o . s to _ C8 « c5, ^(S '3S 1:4 1" a rt « S . S g o 4) a '•Siai^ od'SS s8 y; q !§•£ O a>—' "35 ' o "5 a ^* — i-i a = 1 ♦"3.2 C ^Eaa«i a « 3a 1 's.^ fij li I. g 5 ki'a. eg 1 = 11 = a a 2 «-3 " s ^- 1 S--aa . o « i . _ 5 «*• j a a 5^ tl7 1^ a i -ila ^.S 3 - .£f .2 •S^Sa *- > 03 = 2^ a CJSr- a .:: "• r, « a,u •9 Si a a 3 as a agrt 3% ^11 I. 5 C.2a ^ In *" * "2 !ia * a '' . „ 3.2 a a 3 i. •3 S 4 S' £= - =._ a. a.a ~3 '•1 =^ ? 3 505 -Sit •=£." -.S = •3 S H '^ £ o S c^. «■- 3 o n 5 oSSa^K ^ ■^53 a ?- a6 ia« = 3 ®3 ■ SB." .w o « a « ; i a ■ r - & WW aa « I C •s a o ^ p:; 3 13 J3 en 41 tf ri a 5 ( i- 9 I O SS5 it a ^ — 00 S 1-1 1-< g t to"ic e« 1 i-s a a s a 1-5 i-s I a. ^ CO "9 "? a a o 5 t-51-s o ^ ^ t • -« «■ - i-i — • X -= 1 n % :- X 33. -fw ?i« :^'^ m 0, • --z T c-i -z ^ tc.r n -:= JI-" « ^', i^s — •e; C,-^ B"^ i-.9 a 4, a *" » -:S ■SI'S, cc a --i «i' i a c ♦-, ^^ .a .- ir J. Cm 00, ■t i* »- ::;sOc^ M I 1 ^ ^ I RIOR. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 203 ^ " I = •= - C- ;?l ,,:£ . " oi-= ="?3 -.5 S i'.i - = s i ■** « '^ M " Cij "Sm.3 == 1 \ i:0 .^ "^ p" * ^ 00 1^ 2 9 .1 is 3 2 B-3 15 a «3a|g22 o a 35 2-^.9 a a « S rti_ii! 2 0) i 4' », " *; g ♦Sf^ • -J i O - a sS:"' l; I *" © — fcH ■' .^ -g«a'SH''a5 .5— 'Z w !» a^ ■a'S I " ■" X3 S *" O ^ ■*-' •SpS a a \1^ o ip J. a^3 a rt t S^Sa-Sgl S"Sa*| S.5S3 a s «~=5 .9 5:2 ^ -i s 5— . a-< a a 51-5 3"" « tt '-' >5 .r :-3 o a T "- 1"^ ^ «i c ;''* ; ■ •* 2 F^ * ^ r^ L^ ^ ^ ^ a X a rt u ^ E. £ 'M a -M o a 1-4 ■VJ3 o- a.S'-' 1^ _ a^ .-.a w ^1 s357a£ ^-H.Sacst: 5=5 a a -. -** J5 « • "^ ^ 7k O'S ^1 S .2|J.3^7aa .... .*> 1 a 2 S^H a 3 f •■^ a.g.. i a,-- 13 Si" 3 ^ to (, M n H a C3 o 1^ Hi O o •3 Hi W o o of et o a 3 I rt h) I 3 S •3 a ^ a « — 3S2.2 s ^ ■?. .2 -is a„ - «^a - >."5 a o = ♦* I ^ ■S a 3 '5 2 B -^3 3 a .J g if 1-1 S o o > e ■C a as 3 S.2 ; «ft5 ShI-b Mr. M .4 ■£•« '£S — "n Sf==' aa II If hIi-; Si' * :"■- 1.' >. i ' ' ! '■ *'• VH" # .- . ■•-i..»-: -•..'•.■>r . .-^ ■^^ /• ■• J 4'' • • '.■» :' :i/\ "•i i'.'-.;r*t -'-■''V ■+ »i --ritf •■-. >■«• ?1 f; .•"' ■?^/',V'"::*- , :'.;k(--^ '•■ ' "-■ •■'<(. ■«,■ ! ,■♦>,■'<>' -»;■;. ^ •!: ■ . . ' \; t; •.■■«■. - . -*. V III ' .. is .-■■;• ' : ' i^- -■: ■4; 204 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. ■3 s a a o o S i 5 t3 a to a o 5 a a CJ !Z5 5 f4 a .a 3 i o o 5" o a T3 a .a <^ . <1 S 0.-3 la •a o ■a o ■a p a I o Hi t to -a S H « o o 00 QD (D r-t 1-t »H S 5» 3 C3 §• 1^ a o I I I o eg ri o M h5 J M S •3 3 =^" p Q es' a S a I § s SIOR. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 205 - .g| r O £2 -« o a ■5JPh el — 2 iJ=-= . • ,- U iWt5£-5 - o 9 S vi-£ M fa S ■a MS o c"5 is It = 2 K o an J3 c-— -S2 bO §.£• ■a S §^ a ~ » SB,. a >i «-» •32 o o.» s§ ^.2 IP . „ « HjS^ . a « ••'3 J 1'-' i.'i a ■!?'■" .2 IT !g2a •;; 03 1) 'a O = ^ "T a s-a i-s- „ I. ojjJ) p «^ M 3 ,s ot£§55l fcr 1^. ^ ji .ti »* t; cr 5. a ••■«T? S3 = 9g^.S . « 2 s^" a a jS > s rt ..♦» CO M P4 X 91 iJ O . 1.2, ^ o •s S 'C Si a d s s 1 n a o .a J 6 ^ S -X) rt ta r* 1^ r^ ?, Si >. et s a o ri I o a .a w o 'A 4 o "a •a ■a <1 M •s o ^ ai a 2 o » i a •9 M eg a e o ■a •a g Mi i o o o a; 1-5 >-> to O 3 a a o o a a a a 3 'A s 3 "n a a £ a a .C ■a a h^i vJ a o ■a a S 3 a a '3 *-> a <1 a •? s X -^ ' 1 •3 9 Si «? !S R . * ' ■ -'••rff'-.. ■-mm *""■*• • ■ I •■■*;■'>.:;,■,"'.■•■■ ■ -. "f Hi '■;.,■ \t ■ ' '■ ■ ' •■.-..J- . • "' >• '. ♦■>:.• 4 •iSv'^il 206 CHIPPEWA IIALF-HREED8 OF LAKE SUPERIOR. o a a o O I u '^ sT o «: o u s I I n Q U OS a a s a a a P O o s CD S-r O R.ja £•52 2 1-=- .Sp'g. 3D .2 * S I ■S is<" 3 *^ i s » .2S--J<2 »^ a a-2 t H *- V 'a ti ^ " C 2 - B .5 3 a'SA a 1 11 It :imi - if '"Z * -s a « - 3 << in «5: aS S ' r: fa C-^5 '• a'= M '-S >A-S>-9 u « '^— I'll -5^1" f" a wi »^ • 1 ■ P_. 5 9 rt .3^S=alts •3 = 2 g 3 - r- S; ■« >•. i^ ^ I fc.Sp2^ "•«5- «■?- ■^ilt -Sa ^ « iJ -15 3 p » 3 i^ •- '^ [1:2 I J I. s a S5^ ,' CI X -J a o 0.3 ' a a ' ^1 w J! ^ i:-*?; C 3 .. ^ ur^ lidT' .». -; ^ ■5 •- ?*3i5 - = = 11 14-.. It- 1 711 "1^ a^— i.ia i-5'=- =-7: •str. ••'-I N 2^^ N3 r .3 '-<5 ' e i 2 a 1^ "a 1 =55 II o ■3 Pj 9 e e a e sis a^ OS 5 •a i a : «§ a I e ■« a as a a a 3 S 1-51-B "^ 1*^ « tJ bil OS i?> 00 CO to CO ^S a i^ a 1 II I P4M » ii 5g -• it •! 33 4(2 (3 s 33 3 33 3 = 3 33 3 33 3 I 3 Si w ii §i § %% % %^ % % % ^, s.'c r ? 2 3 i is " 5.2iJ — ^ a - - = ?* o C .* fc- = 2 2 1; jj = fe « '- -^-Ste '5 J » • o a 2 o w s o o o ■3 D O ■3 C« 0< is 3 ■C 3» 55 " i- do 1- 4 III 1 /./.- .?<; f ■ RIOR. ^51 = "5> r -5 3 = _•- ^ -3 = ;? 3 " ■^ ? . 5 ict!- a = ' C i — a k, 3 2 .,ii fcN T p I 5 ?* o I. in a 2 - = 50* >>t. = r a > a a 5>^ s Si* = ".a aa 1*3 .a M.i] " • "3 O fe p. ^ ^ s •*■» «> &4 a « :^ ^ 3 "3 > CHIPPEWA HALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 207 ♦J O CO o a til i oa-.a P 'S ^*j *- |a = £ i "J- S ■a * ' • # a s^j< ij a ^ bs — c^ a a » ,'• ^i-i » « , « -7 3 £ c^ 2 .3 a-:~'Z *" 2 ■* « •_ •3 i a n 3 5 X ' a-a 4S "ts S 3t g i >.5 T. — .sna '^ •- ^ ♦'a- ? a 5"2 a C's a C > -3 ^ 5 is- li- ft. S -3 « :, i> >j -^ ... I i2.| 2 aao I it « 'HI 2 z *» m %X: a «!-!« ;c^ c § s < (2 ) 9 < 1 I .1 III '11^ 1 ^ 1 V -^ 1 P. i c * l 1 Pembina ...do 1 1 xir. !!2 1 X IVa Cf -J 3 £ U ii>= t-j ^ >H ^ ei ^ t-i i-t o> «^ <1 •'JPmS I « a a . .H ea a • iu OR "a o cs a o E a I t i !2 & - '.2 O g O O % '3 i S I C S 'a 1. X Oi L-S LT IfS ^ ^ ^« iS i'rii '■MM' :;••;: .:^!j,."i-'w- '*■ ■>■-', .;.. I ; „ '/j',.. .■■"*: M' .,.-M*,.f-.rv;iij4l 208 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. "5 t O g V '» ;" 8| II J a 4; l-l 63 i I ■^ a 2 s = §5 = it e I 5 Xi = 3 L - .-i H S - M ea -^ -_ 3 ^ 2 7" C a • a 1-1. "a s S s^ »5 Jiw M O O H a ^■3 *« : a 5 — mo; o u a Q t c o o o a ■3 •= no X X ir: X oi r-t -H »h -h X7j3-J»XX3&X X X (JI,— -Mil l^tvHl^ 1^ ^ 1^ t- I- i-^'-^&-n-?^-s a 3 1^ § § 1-5 1-5 a 00 Of J »?5 9 O a g s s H51-5 a ■3. C a a ^25 o 2.3- •=> 1=1 * © iT & oT u :.. o u c s c a cS :3 rt C3 U f<4 fr- »M a. ^ £> -5 a « a a p. s V a b ►< S a a o o Hi 1 a n tori ^ ^ <^ -^ RIOR. o •9 I o o 13 ■« a B o n •3 g s ■4 il si a • »• I ,_, «H -HX ^ t— I'- r-o ru V) CG fH •« ^ wt 1-4 »g} Q o O o s a a a a s •^ a s s -s t-s t-3 t-B>^ •a ■3 ' ft *^ — 2 oi a a Cim'I'KWA IfALK-imKEDM OK f-AKK Sl'F'KfMOR. 209 irS sir t^ B;;'^ I !t ^ * «'-■ ^ »^ f^t s ■" ■2-?S •« jii 73.3 2--'. "SS "' .3 "* •^ ct ^ _' s$- •- J ,1.- « c:4 « ''^'%"yi X .C K Sa-.S = * i Si'* -"""Sit: ^-ia 1-2 >. 8i Sf2 2 a ^ 4» ^ 'Z 'Z - 'O ^ I J a . u C '' I a^ -s :?l £-5^ 3^0 sS £ r.5 ? /■ 3 -i ..Is =.2 ? 2«l ■?.»' a." K = - - ■ 17 3 JiMPS '. 5 3 ea 'r.« 5* M -S . > ;:. a S" ^ lr'5 ? !S5 =^ ■.S p 2 t:^ — s «? -=.2 5 = ^zii-=Z^ .iS§'>t.£i= j:||3-i'S 5 = -■= "Z Sni!i-f3 J -3x2 I "S"- 4* rt t ■- V '57- "" 2 CJS 3 a^ a s:.2v a .S2.2-^-- 5 .-i . J oj: !•§.-£■=■£•«>• it ci? ;5 a (5 MjM^SgSg.sii. M i-iS3 ■r ^ « a fl a ? " HS 7 ^ <1 X ...do ...do do i 1 7 s si ■ B. F i a ■3 • 1 ; i 33 :l 3 ;k 2 -fs i X Ij x * X • >^' -^a ? 5 t: rfirT 5a yill — — ,' ?: ^ * ^ w -: pJ -J iJ _: 14 H IJ s ,N ' . ' :,V ;;|f* >n' t ■• < •l.iV.-. 210 CIIII'PKWA HALI'-HREKDH OF I.AKK HIIJ'KRIOH. c c c U t I •S" o •XI 0. « e C' S K^ h-! I-J 1-4 . y^ lOR. a V «. X 5 — *■" U. Cu' I lip I7 5- « : J! M 4^S !xu 3 = il " '/I X ID X S. ST ^* *^ r* p ^ t^ ^ 3 ff ^ i ^ ^ X = s « ^^ '- ci 9 ^ H^-J CHIPPEWA IIALK-HREKDS OF LAKE SKPEKIOK. \:i7 to a- B U .9 a m a-"— 3 .1 5 (3 si (s 5 3 5 'i a li !it^ £i- ^ 5 1i^ ^ I = I Ml »■ 'St in a 8 _ 2 rt i ^"5 . s r 5 = .5 ■- 1 J] ■i * :g ;: -hi ■= if ■00 i ' ; X .? ll .-a -il^- .s£«t: 8 g »( ' -d.S ! '^ it a,:. 'cSl I- :- s.e .- .."SI ^11 11 Mr- 211 la: I •5 •■?«-? B B I. " I ii§ •cp- - » •- X s - 3£ bI = ><• t,ft~ -'■^ o . . . " MB f" . 2Si£i ■» «,:< '^:' a a 5a' Si H.5 /; 5-2fi-=;==< i.>l:=£T =5 ".e-B-Lj - U 5 " -'-3 ^li'^aap.^ - 2 .5*5- I. . il * 5- ►i« i " e .2 '7 J B c aa^i,i ^^ ;;-^^ 6 ll l»s. k 5"^ ■^S 11 : -z i .s ,s — if. 5< s ■-5 ■/. X X t» ^1 — ' 51 -i '''■ c ^ Jt s •^^ u r i^ i §s i ir '^: ■ •'■•"■• .r ti ; " J " - •■■... f\.,f| ■ '* '*• ill ^.^r .T.-^ ■V:-V(S i, '^'i: • f>- . . ..■.If * . ". •i ■>. .» • **r . y-t'\ ;. .«■■:.*■' . *» >. -'. " -( . . •<• . ' "■t* ■,\ .1 -If : '' ' '■ - ir" ll' 'i^' 212 CHIPl'EWA HAI.F-HREEDS OF LAKE .SlIPERIOK. 3 4 55* 5 'S' - '■'•^ £ ■- ■" r — y s U - y--t; I - ''■/:=- ic-f ■= a 1 = ^- r-'- l-r -.5: H 5 5 i ? ir-'j r v^T^ 1. 5 J! 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C «^ C ''■ — \ '^'•^^ ', i ; ; ^•^ ^ ^-■/^v-r.-^ ; : : : I ■ .ii S . \ \ 1 I ■^ I "E* Si r. £ .i " '-1 : ■/ -r z 7 ^ — ■" Cm O X hX H L r. ."- '- ■'"";: 1 1 M clci "i^ 5 rt ^ 1 ^ X ^"T - S j^ ? ^ <, »^ P^ ? ?^ ?^ ^ ^ ^r^-^y- 6 (N ^ t in 1- x- i5 __^ _ rj -r 1;; '^ *r *^ ? *r -r T T -r 'A ».* \fi xTi if: Li ITS If: t.~ »■* '' <* '■" '■'• ' :i{i<)K. CHIPPEWA HALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SIPERIOR. 215 ■ i i T; -^ o - — ; Z.2S?£ f ; C T ^ — -•, •-- *"^ ^ "* - ~ ? .^~ ^ i~m * *^ ** ■— - 2 3 2.'==. x=53.= r T _i :, z ■■ >52=-=^5£ 1 i«^--.i^- 7 t n K< >',''■'''■ C 3 3i = *^ J3 = = « » — u ti - i- 5.- J 3 3 i -71, «■< £■= I « ' a.a .^1. •- C ^ — Z--fi b a .a J, a ■= s 1-3 0) S*^ .2 ■"' t :s--cq3— ^-= "•rr-"g£< -'-) « s-* ='- 2" ■- s n^ !S.s— " « a ei;.2^.2.2 fe3 •?-=*■" »- ="-c i^-=»3 .2 = =.£ 15 a- -^fil-r 11 -it?; J3 5- a2 = =' = IS" =2is«c — i1=.2|.2^ ^ irt p.= .irg.a '■''■ — ?? -3 £■•"" H. -' 5 •=! '-'<•- 1 S >. 3 a . •=-.«'«32> X •^ >-: a a a cs S = ■■=-? E r T /^ "1 ^ 4) §5?.^^^:;- 7 •^IrS-.-r I i 1 \i.>Ml ^l-al* •' i -^ 5 2 i^ i '^ a - -" •■ r. .i = a .a ?. a •/. -f. ~ — i- -r, -; < < Jn ?• "^-i J I- T; i 1:1 Kf t^^^id "-f.f' » -, '», • u'- 1^ ''''"r ^ ■• *•■, . ■ ■■ . :'"•■?■■'•:'>■' ' .>.:U -■;.■■* .'■ •' •--■■. "■ .r. .. >' . t '■'^ ■ . . . ■ ■'■"I*' .'■«■ ?-;. ■•'s-;- 1- Hr.'S 3., ' - ''■'■," .v..ti- »< •V . ^ "4- 4if, tAT-V-'W- f '^y■=.>.,■^ i.'- "'^.5'^-. , ' .*i..i »«■: ■»** .'* ' ')" .'■*«- .', *•• *■ ■': *f .■.It-*-. ■'•'■■■ri;-" i,:| >:{.v 21(j CHIPPEWA IIALF-BREKDS OF LAKE SlIl'ERIOK. o s a a o .1 I 3 o ! £ I >. I ^ •?■ I -« . » •«. a X) ^ .2 -iO _•_- -717 «U, wJS.S'^.: r s = - — yT-=?' B -■-••- > — - ? "■ -Pi >--^ ■e = ? £ >5 cs ^ 1 : rise's cO^te S j; •= 5 s fe -S -? •= 1) - c = w Si g 3 s-e, ■a S-g Us S « " S , Mb. — • ea^ ■i ^ * - .£ is £ o 5 3 «"§ C 3 — r I — B W — . :t m. T s 7-- « 1 1 - ^ — 1 K u3 £1 f. V lit X > 3 s 1 ! •?■ - ^^^'/5 '^f II xc. 00 1) 1 XX ^ 'X X) X ■Tfl X rl *- *- T ^^ ^^ rt ^ 4-J i a -W ^ bjc tJ c = ^ ■^ •^ <1 H5 I 'A i;s ^-~ ; : ; ^ ; s • 1 :;, ( t. 5* oi a ^ 1 a c 5* if c >• S>-| ^. Cm ^ ;; ^ ; *■ ^.=' 1 r u '<^ -1 1 5 c S c S H '^ ^ le es S * 01 4; ! '^ IS ■e '0 .a 'o'w C£. »-i s p^ (^ P< CUA4 P< Pn ■3 :: ». 5 " 'c -(*-.= i CHIPPEWA IIALl'-HRKKDS OF LAKK SLTERIOR. 217 •= - it * .-• tf r !.»«—- :- .^ - -^ -_! - " 3 s ^ "S B ' • •- J3 »^ .-5 *" .. X "^ >— ■,£ T. ■ ■ ^ ^^ — ^ 'S 3J -, *- ■ B ; : ; : y. \ : ': 1 1 1 11 ^ iZ : 5 3 ; ; ; : >l ;! : : j : s s : : i ■1 1 It 4 ■ .§ : ; i : 1 : 1 , •A 1 .lo Little Canada '■'■'. ^ '. '. ' '' : ; ?• : : i i^ 57^ "S X X X X X — — X' X •- = "C -J I- I- ■•a X X X X X X X t: -' i' y i' - -• ^■■^ •< -^ ■<:•<£ ?i ^ -/. Iff, ^ '. '.f f ' ■ V- t . I ■ t.,- •; f-f'^K'!- ■ M »■< '.■ ■ . '■ r 1^.' r-r . f '■■» b^-^ ■r;-'^ -■-r'^ ■*■"-' .:*• 1 : ■*■•■ ■ "i"" i. ■•' •V'ii i;-t;;f ,. ■ ■r>'-*1> J ? i.'i " , ■f •'! . r" ■ .. - »b!'' ■■ * "!*■" r. •'••- t. J L* .■!,■' <■ ■ "':*■' . "^ » *. «.' .'J . .*% '''- '\i- . * / ^.'- . IT • . >.,.,■ y ' ■ '■•"' j'- ■» '"■ .'t- J- .-, .li; •Jr 5 1 1: as =^ : : : ^ : Jt i: i ii ^ a" - -w «^ .M -w S T S qc X 9: X ::3 :: ^ 5 3 5 5 j5 j5 j5 •^ t- T. Ci o — V X X 7, Xj S ~ - . o Lt L*; rt irt L'^ •" mi::'] ^1 218 ciiiri'KWA ualf-jiki:ki»>s of lakk sipkkior. s ^.s5-= Si- 's. » u 5 c 5 ■Si 5J •= aJ •= S = ? . -^ ' ^3^:^ iS5f:=£ -^ s.r* 3 Z°^=. = L, .1.~ T^n — 5; •? — .ii - -■ 3n T •- ^ I — '^ ;--H «■= :5 c •= a > *- - - u - ^- i^ hi -^ »^ ' ^ ^ ;■■ — -" .5 I'-ti:! ^lO^; |:^.i|i ;: I l^l^sl- 5.0s i =.='SC'-'C;7 I i J i :: •/. = ? ;=^- = I X -=■=■= — 1- — tn 1,-s ec n *! o ^t:^-^ is"'* - S rt oj '■= c fr- - £'*3 c ^^5- :«"i. - s • ^ Ill's ifr 1 -i.>.-s -• = "S •■■^-■! - r.~ =i -..■•-'■s ~ - « i - 1J3 ■•:'-. <:,-> •Ji p< Y c« OH •3 ^ e t4-r )f, s c « i in "A i^ i:< sn s; i S ja .= bl :l .2 .= ■-. -• « s :; - CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 210 =■ -^ = >, - ., - ■: T. Si ~ o o - ^ <- *- i- (- 7^ fj 7. ^ Hl2i ?i ^ ~l CI r. C.-" -• V •J t," >. ^16 ^ -s r-4 Q h^ .;: — »- — £, -^ 4," 1.' p:4« O ?? f. o a =5 ? ? ^ ^ 1; 5 5 T, CO S Q = a (^ ^ f-i ZOO 1 s *^ r-i s 1 O f-< f:»M •t" n tc o w w ts 'c *^ C .3 a. n 1^ *^ -^ A> M^ »^ *^ »-^ r-^ f-1 ^^ r* »H KM ■■ v M^ '■■■ 1 '_ •• '■f 'U '••' . ' I -' ViY ':'■■■■ ■;: i.v.,H ^'■■."•'- ■"■^?^ ■£.' i . ■■■• '• '^'■S ■- ■ '■ * ■"■" ;C:, _ ■ ■ ■■!-■ ■ . ^!* ^'- '' -'■»•« ^^4'- ;' ' ' ■{.v .. ■■■■'• I 220 (MIl'I'r.WA IIAM'-UKKKliS OF LAKK SI I'KIMoi: r i - i y I K 3 r=4' r.5 at; -c ,'- - C ' !!„=-= I' Si.i :.s-i :: s?.?^ .2*8 < ~= i f Sf£:£ § '5 ' !» ?e i:£i:-Tc7|?i.= 2;3T ■ZK iji,;.^- .£.0 J!— ■" . -< .. -5 ■ :^ i-» = «« a "-;' I ■;:■ = -— "^SB ^*-2''— "-■'r-'^M- yT V-T' ;= =ja =- : 0-3 ^ .rtC^ = ^2'*''-;i'' rl a a .5 — ^, ■ .^■3?.:.^5 t3 J s -I a l« <« « «- C^T Y 3 3 = i'." t'l'teej^ii'^So •'■— S = ■■" f^ =■-=■-=•- 5 i 9 'B — -^T— r., — *- -J •>; a - •/ J " .7, _ •/. '5 I u; c ^ *» j M ■r. ■^ i- •<1 l-l 1-5 •w ; i i (b * •n es % ^ .2 M e - § a fl9 a ;^ r^ -^ ;^< »§ ;i2 A 10 '.S c5 71 » is I -S 4 I I n 'A lOR (•iiiIM'f:\s.\ iiAM'-iti:r,i;iis ni' i.akk si'i-kiciok. •>•) I 2 ifi-r./;-? - ~ — i - r" s i i.-!t_,ir;|.f; - < > -r i:?5 = .>' a :*: r'^ ■i.sis r:; ~ ; a b 5 S -r a — . - i-t'a 5 5^»l'? ^ , C = (^•C isiti y i ■" ^ £."- !.■=_ "HS i-^ if .— B,— -J - ■ 51 '5 1- i 5 5 > t! fl j» - :• tt-^ S5 •S^^^^.^' ■3^ i-^ia- .2 = - -*.£■■ i.' = I "> , 1;5;S. = — yi JJ ■; i - >- _>. :si>°'^| i1>:^'l 2~':^2 5 * — - "^ = si* 5:2 12=35=3 5ia'=. = .2«i^ ?) ,j; Vi ^ j; ;— ,^ NjS'-5-<-^-^S a ~ V S5 - i. ' :h: J^n*-^;'-' a -: ''1 -^k .i aU< '' ■l ." ; 7,-r.2- ■- jWC iilj 3.-= sj^z * : ;: I >-. 1. ni i ! nii;-^"?! ^mi^^it^ A^Mi--i,i .ailUir-.. H ,=,H S >•' ■» ', I, t J jS « « r^.-'^>.ti 222 CHIPl'ENVA HAl.F-lJREKDS OV LAKE SUPERIOR. I I zz s: ^ :z « .■: = s = i; V. •/. •/. r. x CHIPPEWA IIALK-HKEKDH OF LAKE SIPERIOR. 223 R ^ 2 « ~ S 'A ,_• b <5 -~. i s i t- r i - j:= I "it .■V s s 1 ,^ T T t •— •" ^~ •~ •■■ — * -r ■X -^ U s r. >. .• s ~ ^T — h^ •-t .< — X 'I .1 •!^- •/ / - I*. ,■, iV ■■■;'■,. :.^:-^ It?..-:, %' ■ ■ r ■ ■ ■ ' 224 ('iiii'ri;\vA iiAi,r-in{i:i:i)s ok laki; si-i'ihiuk * i. -a im\ '■ i r - - - -r ■^y i 3 is £ i i 6 K = .i:r2 ^,4" -?Ii' j t S-' = ^ — j: ■=■? •=, i>^« nj^r. I — « — « •S .= ' 3 ^ . ■>;?:= ■= 3 r- = - » *-;7i S =: yf- r^5 *_' S'S>^ J-:.iJ'v J-=----5'=='i» Iii-i|i|i| ■V - " i 5 1 - ■-. 5 ■ - 1; - k-Z-= « '• « ? 2 • -;•-. L. • j: ~-~r.~~> z _. 3 :l = • f rl3 I. T2 ^zy. _-3- « 'K .•* ^ ' :- ■'■^ =_r JJ /; y. :-""':f -■ : - -i : H xi = -/ isg ; :? £^ £>'>e * ■a^l "ST X ■ * 5 ' ; >■, 4i' a u d '^ ■ w '^ ••y « ■ -^ s fc ^ S S h s •f X : :ui • * z M IH s ■ J M 'a: 1 ^ • « ^ n •1 : 1 a S Ni« 4 J * ^ ". ** '• V , a . - ;l ; 7t r. §33 IM^ :i :aa .4; r ~ — ''- fZ'if. :^7-^--:-^- - C * ~. " -iTi- < i:. k c« rt es V a 4. a a a 4) t> » § 11 a I g « a a> a .a s a a ' a -^ CS ' e« a t» ; > > ss ' '»■« i 226 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERiaR. o o S a '•C o o O .1 So' S s I I S p s OS « S t> OS -= 5.2 It *" ■ — w ^ 2 >i s-^S-S . u S V mis _ a a 3 e o i L. ^ .= •? J is 5 71 --1 = a i at o n 2 3 '3 .9 (1, xn a; ' *■■.*. Q - :_. .^ , ^ is S S? - B is II as « « H a'" ? .. 1 •« 3 2^ « ,•■-■3 (23 SoSM-f.^J«fe'*>-- -Tlsussa 5= 2'-' P o . a-s £ ad •PI - -S I.hJ ««i J. 2 a 2ff.S'2--2'"-£'« = b CO «.S =^ g-^ ■a aoo -^ a fa = 3 2e< «g=|a| n s ■a .3 .5 p-a a> !S a-s-ri:^ a a 2 o e a^ S« ..^S .a ac^^ ts< ra =^ d Sn 2 ■^?' o * a 53^ 1 K a 13 e O a. 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'■-",■'* I i'V>l • • V i^ .'^•^i.- » ■. -t-'-. ,' s 230 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. correspondence with the general land-office relative to the lssue of lake superior chippewa scrip by the office of in- dian affairs. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, March 14, 1864. Sir : I have to inform you that this Office has issued scrij) to certain half-breeds, under the treaty of September 30, 1854, with the Cliippewas of Lake Superior, for eighty acres to each person, as follows, viz : To Elizabeth Borup and Theodore Borup. Issued September 29, 1863. To Stephen Eungo, Nancy Gheen, Marianua Wolcott, and Lizette William Newago. Issued February 4, 1864. , Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. P. DOLE, Commissioner, Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner of General Land-Office. Department of the Interior, Office Indian Affairs, , April 20, 1864. Sir : I have to inform you that I have this day issued certificates of half-breed scrip for Chippewas of Lake Superior, treaty of September 30, 1854, agreeably to the decision of the Secretary of the Interior of May 18, 1863, to the following persons, viz : Roger Aitkins, Margaret Bastian, Angelic Cloutier, Sopliia E. Cbampliu, Catharine Ely, Beujaniin Fairbanks, George Fairbanks, Eustache Jourdain, Lucy Kliug, Mary Ann Legnie, Margaret La Flond, Alexis La Prarie, Janevive McDonald, Sophia Russel, Miirgaret Roy, Eliza V. Sweet," John Tanner, and Truniuu A. Warreu. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, CHARLES E. MIX, Acting Commissioner. Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner General Land-Office. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, April 29, 18G4. Sir: I have to inform you that, under a decision of the Secretary of the Interior, dated May 18, 1863, and with his approval, this Oftice, on the 13th instant, issued scrip for eighty acres each, marked B, and [* ludorsement on above letter.] Entered according to return from Indiau Office, April 2d, 1864, EUmleth Sweet D. HARPER. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 231 I -.A ELATIVE TO THE K OFFICE OF IN- [OR, Affairs, March 14, 1864. 1 scrij) to certain h the Cliippewas ollowa, viz : pteruber 29, 1863. :ott, and Lizette Affairs, April 20, 1864. ed certificates of ty of September )t' the Interior of ; E. MIX, Commissioner. Affairs, April 29, 18G4. the Secretary of al, this Office, on marked 13, and 'lizdhdh Sireef. D. UAKPER. numbered a.s follows to the following persons — treaty 1854 with Chip- pewas Lake Superior, viz : No. 1. Betsey McDougal. •2. Julia E. Lane. ;i, Sophia Warren. 4. Margaret Ciiabolis, '). Peter Choinard. 6. George H. Oaks. 7. Jnlia B. Oaks. 8. Theresa Roleau. !). Margaret Brnce. 10. Peter Roy. 11. Elizabeth Charrctt. 12. Mary McDugal. 13. Tlieresa Belconrt. 14. Mary Pellard. 15. Elizabeth Monchamp. l(i. Catharine Brunett. 17. Nancy B. Stillwell. No, 18. Julia A. Spears. 19. Matilda Thoinpsou. '20. Ann Moore. 21. Alexis Roy. '22. Mary Fairbanks. 2',\, Clement H. Banbien. Mariah Baubien. Nancy M> Arthur. , Fraiifoiso McGillis. ' Snsau Montrielle. Mit<;hel Compois. Charlotte L. Morrison- Sophia Dufort. Elizabeth BauWen. '24. 25. 26. '27. '28. 29. m. :u. 32. 34. Catharine Fairbanks. Angelique Detour. Under the same decision, and with the approval of the Secretary of the Interior, scrip marked C, and numbered as follows, was issued on the 20th instant to the following persons, viz : No, 1. Roger Aitkins. 2. Margaret Bastian. 3. Angelic Cloutier, . 4. Sophiao Champlin. 5. Catharine Ely. 6. Benjamin Fairbanks. 7. George Fairbanks. ^. Eustaclie Jonrdain. 9. Lucy Kling. No. 10. Mary Ann Legrue. 11. Margaret La I'oud. 12. Alexis Le Prarie. 13. Janevive McDonald. 14. Sophia Eussel. l.^>. Margaret Roy. 16. Elizabeth Sweet. 17. John Tanner. 18. Truman A. Warren- Very respectfully, your obedient servant, Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner General LandOiffice. W. P. DOLE, Commissioner. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, Jtme 13, 1864. Sir: I bave to inform you that I have issued, under direxition of the Secretary of the Interior, scrip for eighty acres each to the mixed- bloods belouging to the Chippewas of Lake Superior, as provided for by treaty of 1854. Said scrip is marked 0, and numbered as follows, viz: ■f'X' '.'• i l.'J ''.. \i\ >.,■■:,>,. '■xt\ No. 19. Amanda Ashniund. iO. Koleau Archange. 21. Lucy Biddle. "22. Micliael Baierger. 23. Augustus Baierger. 24. Charlotte Cardotte. 25. John Chapman. 26. Henry Cotte. 27. James Chapman, 28. Eiza Chart. No. 29. Francis S. Gurnoe. 30. .Folin B. Gurnoe. 31. Louis Gurnoe. 32. .lames Gibway. 33. Alexis La Prairie, '2d. 34. Margaret Folstrom. 35. Nancy Folstrom. 36. Sarah Furnear- 37. Peter Bruce. The foregoing were dated May 11, 1864. 1- 'r-: •v > -'" "" *'■"" I ■.: t-i % .■ --.i *■ f ' It 1 .., a'l ''1 232 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. No. ;W. Margaret Bonnot. [VJ. I'eter ¥01111^. 40. SiiHan La Prairie, 2. 4L Autoiiie UarHtoii. 42. John Bte. Gosler. No. 43. William Piqnette. 44. AujiustUH Default. 45. Francis Bird. 4(). JoHuph Mailwa^inan. 47. Antuiue Ma(hva<;nian. ISo. 38 was dated May 25, 1864 ; and Nos. 31) to 47, June 13. 1804. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. P. DOLE, Commimoner. Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Comnmsioner General Land-Office. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, August 29, 1864. Sir : I inclose herewith an additional list of names of parties to whom scrip for eighty acres of land each, under treaty of 1854 with the Chippewas of Lake Superior, has been issued by this Office. Said scrip is numbered 48 C to 107 0, inclusive, and dated August 25, 1864. Very respectfully, yom obedient servant, W. P. DOLE, Commissioner. Hon. J. M. Edmunijs, Commissioner General Land- Office. List of scrip marked €, issued August 25, 1864, under t-eafy of 1854 with Chipj)eivas of Lake Superior. No. 48. John B. Cnlleu. 49. Snsau Cullcn. 50. Isabel La Vicrge. - 51. Francois La Vierge. 52. Celia Sweat. 53. Mary A. Dariot. 54. Jennie Roan. 55. MathewMadwaguan. 5fi. Isabel Cliatlaiu. ."iT. Mary Gallic. 58. France.s Massey. 59. Susan Bruce. CO. John Folstroni. CI. Margaret R. Folstroni. 62. Elizabeth liivier. 63. Louis Brunelle. 64. Pierre Roy. 65. Marion Bruce. 66. Mary Steel. 67. Peter F. Bouchea. (W. Mary Lenvelle. C9. Susan Laprarie. 70. Oharlotte Shaw. 71. Simon Gurnoe. 72. Mary J. Stafford. 73. hela J. Chaiunan. 74. Maria Duvernay. 75. Charlotte Crocliiere. 76. Justine Uousain. 77. Julie Confoi.K. No. 78. Betsey Brown. 79. J. Bte. Bowdrie. 80. Mary Piquette. 81. Joseph Bowdrie. 8'4. Joseph Herbert.. 83. Felicitie Contoix. 84. George Brown. 85. Louis Contoix. 86. Mario Shaw. 87. Julie Nolin. 88. Marie Lessard. 89. Genevieve Erniatinger. 90. Zavier Noliu. 91. Archange Cadotte. 92. Isabelle Cadotte. 93. Jane Jiasson. 94. .Joseph Meniclier. 95. Edward Ashman. 96. Charles Gunioe. 97. Charlotte Forcier. 98. Charlotte Conton. 99. Joseph Jibway. 100. Charles Cadotte. 101. Louis Cadotte. 102. Julia Sutherland. 103. Angelic Ojibway. 104. Paul H. Baulien. 105. Arehange Bronchaud, 106. Margaret Bison. 107. Antoine Bison. Noted in Indian Record Book, Bloss's Division, September 21, 1804. MENDENIIALL. ne 13. 1804. JommiitHioner. 'ommisatoner. with Chippeivas of ber 21, 18(14. )ENHALL. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. 233 Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, November 12, 1864. Sir : I have to inform you that I have, by direction of the Secretary of the Interior, issued scrip for eighty acres each, to the following-named half-breeds of the Chippewas of Lake Superior, under the provisions of tlie treaty of 18.54 with that tribe, viz : r^^'pi f ,.1., ''- : ^"k|.:' i 1^ , ; (;■(■.■* So. lOH. diaries Jeroux. 10!>. Maria Chapman. 110. Mary Chapman. HI. Genevier Default. 112. John B. Crane. 113. Jane Gurnoe. 114. Jane McCoy. ' 11.5. Jo8ei)hine Brnnelle. 116. Theressa Sheaver. 117. Joseph Brnnelle. 118. Almira Cressey. 119. Isabel Visner. 120. Mary F. Bissina. 121. Emily Sheryea. The foregoing were numbered August 25, 1864. No. 122. Sophia Gervais. 123. Margaret Baldwin. 124. Lucy Victory. ' 125. Mary Martin. 126. Elizabeth Dona. 127. Oliver Slieryea. 128. Lizzie Moran. 129. Bazil Jourdain. 130. Francis Leith. 131. Isac La Bissina. 132. Mary Aurelia. 133. Mary Charbonis. ; 134. Stephen Pepin. 135. Magdaline Sheryea. as above, marked letter C, and dated ■ r ■ -. * ' • 'I .1/ mm Xo. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. Cicilia Amelia. Louis Amelia. Mary A. Laterell. Siustache Bel((»urt. John B. Belcourt. Angelic McBoal. 142. Joseph Piper. 143. Margaret McCoy. 144. Antoine McCoy. 145. Benjamin La Fond. 146. Mary Turpin. 147. Mary A. Claremont. 148. Mary Sloan. 149. Gabriel Demarais. 150. Xsiver Demarais. I'll. Louis Demarivis. 152. Zavier Demarais. The foregoing were numbered as above, marked letter C, and dated November 4 and 5, 1864. No. 153. Margaret Price. 1,54. Genevier Labot. 155. Fraufoise Labot. 1.56. Genevier Turpin. 1.57. Margaret Bibo. 158. Nancy Vanare. 159. Genette Traverse. 160. Josette St. Clair. 161. .Tames Morrison. 162. Margaret Fairbanks. 163. Margaret Charboise. 164. Franpise Bellair. 165. .Tenette Brunette. 166. Frangoise Brunette. 167. Peter Brnnelle. 168. Madaline La Roche. 169. Charlotte Price. 170. Isabel Williams. 171. Antoine Baierger, 172. Lucy H. Farais. 173. S(»phia Lambert. 174. Jolin Ste. Beauvine. 175. Robert Beauvine. 176. Benjamin Beauvine. 177. Maria Beauvine. 17H. .Josette Bowdoin. 179. Margaret Bone. 180. Mary Morringer. No. . . 181. Sophia Belanger. 182. Joseph Lagarde. 183. Charlotte Bowdoin. 184. Susan Raume. 185. William Raume. 186. Margaret Gabeshcaug. 187. Isabel Bone. 188. Lizer Paul. 189. Angelic Bowdoin. 190. Angelic La Coy. 191. Jean Bte. Rauine. -•' *^' »■■• ', ** w ■ * <« ' ^"•^" 1 ■ ■■ ■ Iv A-; .?''■">' 3 * . i-> .' ■ -i. r ■ # ' '.r .Vj ■' 1 •*j ." 'il' * .', •• .'- ; v.-^i *i. 'j**^ ■"; * -:'ji* '. *^ 'V ' "*»-"■ ■> .i 1" V;/'; *:"";* ,. ,.■''". ' «i *■ ! "■- f , ' '? i- ■ r %>•■■' ••■}■>- * ■ .''' '■i,-: 'li'vii .' ■ ; ■ lA « ; , ii '■ '*■ ' * >■' . ■■;<,■.,•.•; I'e-- ,-■-'• ■•'•' -, •> ,,'^y^!!».t: . ."•' '■■••■■'*,. '.. '>-. (i': "• ji! " ..'V ■/i'V- J i 'ft- ■J* . ,- -i 'J?;'..". W-M ■ „'j ■*"»".■,■ ' •' r .'' fi--'- ( -'. f . X ',<■ i ■ ^' ♦■'.'■.• >v:. ;,i rv The foregoing were numbered as above, dated November 12, and marked C. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. P. DOLE, Commissioner. Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner General Land- Office. . " -I i^ 234 CHIPPEWA HALF-nREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR. _ i^ Department of the Interior, i '■ Office of Indian xVffairs, December 3, 1864. Sir: I have to iiitbrrii you that, nntlcr tlie directions of tii«', Swiietary of the Interior, I have ismied Mcrip for eighty acres each to the following mixed- bloods of the (Jhippewao of Lake Superior, treaty of 1854, with that tribe, vi^, dated November 25, 18U4 : N«.. 'idli. Francis Tnrpiii. W,\. Margaret BuhIi. , .^ 204. JoHeph BrmiHtto. 805. JoMuph 8t.e. Germaiu. 2W<, .John Bto. Ste. Gi-nnain. 207. William Ste. Germain. 20H. Mary Ste. Germain. 20y. Tlierese Daroit. 210. Margaret Ross. No. 192. Jane Kiilcoal. 193. Margaret B(!lcourt. , 194. Joseph Niilau. 195. Joseph BeUanger. 196. Cecelia Tiirpin. 197. Josetta Tuipin. 198. Angelique Tiirpin. 199. Batiste Turpin. 300. Joseph Turpin. '201. Amabell Turpin. The foregoing are marked letter C ; Nos. 192 and 204, inclusive, are dated November 25, 1804, and the remaining numbers are of this date, (December 3, 1804.) Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. P. DOLE, Commissioner. Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner General Land- Office. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, December 8, 1864. Sir : I have to inform you that I have this day, under directions of the Secretary of the Interior, issued scrip for eighty acres of land each to the following mixed-bloods of the Chippewas of Lake Superior, treaty of 1854, at La Pointe, viz : No. 211. Angelic Bonchor. 212. Charlotte Boucher. 213. Margaret Boucher. 214. Citalqne Miron. 215. John Bte. Laloche. 216. Joseph Davenport. 217. Henry Davenport. 218. Polly Johnson. 219. Sophia .Johnson. No. 220. La Louise Piquette. 221. Fran^oise Piquette. 222. John Bte. Piquette. 223. Charles Lnuisignant. 224. Benjamin Louisignant. 225. Joseph Louisignant. 226. Alexis Pelotte. 227. Ignace Pelotte. • 228. Leflet Choinard. The scrip is marked letter C, and numbered as above. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, WM. P. DOLE, Commimoner Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner General Land-Office. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, January 16, 1803. Sir : I have to inform yon that, under direction of the Secretary of the Interior, I, on the 14th instant, issued scrip for eighty acres each to CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 235 the following mixed-bloods of the Ohippewas of Lake Superior, treaty of 1854, at La Pointe, viz, letter C : Xo. ■m. •2;«i. •2:51. •.>;i2. •m. •m. •23.')*. •m. w. ■m. -m. •240. •241. •24i2. Mnrin Dnfault. Michael La Loclie. Jiistiiio JohiiHon. JoMeph Marchannd. John ISto. Choniiiard. Pbilinion Roy. Julia Clioiiiiiard. William Spoiice. Paul Losee. Antoiiie Morgan. SiiHUn Holinan. JanioH Tanner. Margaret Tanner. Margaret Laniedrey. Mary Leuarre. No. 24;i. Margaret Bon tain. 244. David DeMJurlais. 24.'). Louis Desjerlais. 246. Francis Desjerlais. 247. Raphael Lesarte. 248. Joseph Rcasliu. 249. Susan Reashe. 250. Margaret Huot. ; 2'A. Susan Dugas. 252. Louise Wren. 2.');{. Margaret Burcheran, 254. Basil Burcheran. 255. Sevier Burcheran. 256. John B. Reashe. 257. Margaret Coutier, Very respectfully, your obedient servant. Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner General Land -Office. W. P. DOIiE, Commissioner. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, February 11, 18G5. Sir : I have to inform you that, by direction of the Secretary of the Interior, scrip has been issued by this Office to the following mixed- bloods of the Chippewas of Lake Superior, under the provisions of the treaty of 1854, at La Pointe, viz : No. No. ■258. Charlotte Gauthier. i 259. Dated January 27, 1865, letter C. No. No. •2fiO. Emily Reashe. 273. 261. Cicile Roy. 274. '262. Robert Fairljanks. 275. 263. Louise Pellican. 276. •264. Fraiifoise Prachie. 277. •265. Madeline Le Mav. 278. 266. Charlotte Larivee. 279. '267. Autoine La Comt. 280. 268. Amable La Comt. 281. ■269. Eunice La Prairie. 282. •270. John Daloua. 283. '271. Mary Daniels. 284. ■272. Josette Chaboilley. Pophia Gauthier. Charles Charette. Alice Cardotte. Agate Cardotte. Archange Branchaud. Autoine F. Bisson. Louise Brunelle. Pierre Burcheran. Louise Brisette. Jack Bonga. Augustus Bellanger. Margarett T. Bissou. Sophia Bellefueille. The foregoing scrip was issued January 31, 1805, numbered as above, and marked C. In my letter to you of Ifoveniber 12, 1804, the name of Fran^oise McCoy, to whom scrip (No. 155^ 0) was issued November 4, 1864, was inadvertently omitted. Very respectfuUv, your obedient servant, W. P. DOLE, Commissioner. Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner General Land- Office. :,r-. , 1 I • • I 1 .-■>...•■. .'r )| 4 "■«• .,.(■.... C *. ' .,■!•■ I'' tr.r .-I ' ■■'■'- ''I Ji- "••■I ■.■■ i- .J* :.> ' * U' 't " •;i,;-f ■:,} ■..■ ■ ,.i 'ml Hi 236 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Department of the Inteuiou, Office OF Indian Affairs, March 27, 1805. Sir : I havo to infortn you that under the direction of tlie Secretary of the Interior, I have issued scrip for eighty acres of land to eacli of the following mixed-bloods, belonging to the Chippewas of Lake Supe- rior, treaty of 1851, at La Pointe, viz : No. 2dr>. MiirKiirot Barotto. 2H6. JoHophinu KiihIio. 287. Fraii^oiNe Lesiirto. 288. John McOillis. No. y89. 2JK). 21)1. 292. Chnrlotte Piiron. RoHotto Riulo. .John A. Roy. Edward Soiivo. Issued February 17, ISCS, and marked C No. 29.3. MarKiirot Corbin. 294. Catharino Osargie. 29.5. CliarleM E. KoiiHMain. 296. Chadotto Btdhur. 297. Ei.'ward Bhincliard. 298. Re*iben Chapman. 299. Sr.san Cardotte. 300. Jost^tte Cloutitir. 301. Margaiet Gauthier. 302. Josettu LaHseur. 30.'}. John MiurinKer. 304. Michael Moningor. 305. Peter Me Parian. No. 306. Charlotte MoFarlaii. 307. Antoino Martin. 30H. Anfjelio Martin. 309. David Mavchand. 310. NiehohiH Menechier. 311. Charles Meneidiier. 312. Benjamin Moriu. 313. Louis Nolin. 314. FranQoise Nolin. 315. Charles Roussain. 316. John Bte. Robidous. 317. Nancy A. Warner. Issued February 20, 18G5, and marked 0. No. 318. Elizabeth Bonga. 319. Joseph Conrnette. 320. Mary Evaqnc. 321. Joseph McCoy. Issued February 25, 18G5, and marked C No. 322. Hetsey Mickley. 323. Lonise Lesarte. 324. Pierre Sausconce. No. 325. •326. 327. 328. 329. 330. William Atkins. Josel to Brunette. Fraiivoise Brunette. Batiste Brunette. John Brown. John B. Bulanger. 331. George Bonga. 332. Batiste Des Jardon. No. 333. Robert Des .Jardon. 334. Joseph Des Jardon. 335. Julia La Cha|)elle. 336. Eliza Mevon. 337. William Herbert. 338. Catharine Herbert. :339. John B. Bertram. Issued March 2, 1865, and marked C. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. Joseph Blair. Julia Cornick. Peter Daniel. •Joseph Lh Grue. 5. Peter Rashe. 6. Norbort Allie. 7. Alexander Bibilon. 8. Andrew Chcnquay. 9. Fraucoise Cheuquay. 10. Margaret Cheuquay. 11. John Bte. Cheuquay. 12. Augustus Ciienquay. 13. Edward Felix. No. 14. Amalle Fouruier. 15. Fran^ioise Fouruier. 16. .John Fouruier. 17. Moses French. 18. Ilerfc Jenereux. 19. Ang2. Lord, Margaret. 53. Le May, Margaret. .54. I'ond, Angnstns. 55. Pond, Louis. .56. Pelky, Victoria. .57. Reculle, Rosalie. .58. Recolle, Mary. .51). Roy, Mar^jaret. 60. Sayro, Elizabeth, (il. Slater, Alexander. 62. Severt, Margaret. 63. Troc, Diivul. \'i7h JiTiiiiic, Miiiniin^t, HI/ ri(i. .Ft^oinc, MiiiyiHct, Jr. l'^7. tici'oint', Aiindio. I'iH. .Fcroiiir, LiiiiiN. 1*,>1». Kittson. Klizii. i:iO. I^ii Itixk, AihIicw. 1111. LiMliiiiNh't' Ktuil. Vl'i. LfJiiiiiiisH, 'I'licrt'Mc. i:{;t. Liiniiint, Miirii'. 134. Liiraiiiil, raiil. ll. Lt!t*-iiili'<-, Miirp^iiret, Hr. V.W. LcttMulic, Miirniinst.Jr. l:{7. LiitViiiiilioiHc, Miii'id. V.\f. LiitVaiiilxiiMi', liOiiJH. I'M). Liit'niinlioiHi!, NiireiMHe. 14(». Lal'niiiilioiMd, Maiy Ann. 141. La(|iii', Francis. 14U.La(ini', Mary. 142. Lt*r. MoniHtitto, Ars«ne. 146. Monisftttj, Julia. 147. Menii, Alary. 14H. Menii, FraiH'oise. 141). Montricnl, Isabella. ir>(). MontritMil, .lohn 13. ir)l. Montri«Mil Margaret, i No. irv,\. Moutrienl, Catht-rino. ir>4. Martcl, liaptistc 15.5. Niilaii, (Jlnkrlottu. ].''>(!. Nolin.John 1). iri7. i'iciinl, Louis. l.'iH. I'icard, Mar^iarot. WJ. I'i<;anl, I'aui.t. KiO. Pcrantean, .Josttph, m; Uil. liichard, Jositpli. Ui'2. Ilainville, Franvois. UiH. Hoyard, Loniso, sr. I(i4. tSoyard, Loniso, jr. It),'). 8oyard, I'fter, sr. Ititi, Hoyard, I'etcr, Jr. I(i7. Sayt't, .Joseph. 1()H. iSayist, Louise. 1(><.>. Vali, Joseph. 170. Vali, Tousiuit. 171. Vali, Louise. 172. Vihienve, Angelic. 17;{. Vivien, Louis. 174. Viviver, Franvoise. 17.'). Viviver, Genoviove. 17ti. Purdon, Jean Bte. 177. Haptiste, Francis. 178. Roy, Michael. 179. Roy, Sophia. 180. Sansousis, Augustine. 181. Sansousis, Pierre. 182. SauHousin, Michael. IKi. Rogers, James. No. 18(5. Chainier, Margaret. 152. Moutrienl Joseph. I8.suea May 10, 18G5, letter D. No. 184. Ciiaiiiicr, Frances. 185. Chainier, .Josetto. Issued May 12, 1805, letter D. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, W. P. DOLE, Commissioner. Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Commissioner General Land-Office. Department of the Interior, Offioe of Indian Affairs, September 2, 1808. Sir : By direction of Hon. W. T. Otto, Acting- Secretary of the lute rior, contained in letter addressed to this Office, dated the 27th nltiiiio. 1 have the honor to inclose herewith a copy of a list embracing- the names of one hundred and thirteen mixed-bloods belonging to the Chip- pewas of Lake Superior, claiming laud under the seventh clau.se of tiie second article [of the treaty] concluded with the Chippewa Indians ot Lake Superior and the Mi8sissii)pi, Se])tember 30, 1854, (Statutes at Large, vol. 10, p. 1110,) to whom certificates were issued under date ot the 31st ultimo, in accordance with the order of the Hon. Acting Secre- tary, indorsed on said list, dated the 2Gth uUimo, (a copy of which is given,) which order also directs this notification to you. I also inclose herewith a form of the certificate issued to said mixed bloods, in which you will observe that it is provided that the mixed- bloods to whom the certificate is issued will, upon presentation of the same at a local land-office having jurisdiction, be entitled to select from any of the vacant lauds, surveyed or unsurveyed, which were ceded to the United States by the said treaty of September 30, 1854, eighty acios of land, and that a patent shall be issued to said mixed-bloods in the usual form therefor. t I CICII'PEWA HALF-BREEDS OP LAKE SUPERIOR, 239 Commissioner, ERIOR, Affairs, mihvr 2, 1808. iry of the Inte- the 27th nit i mo. einbracinji the inj>tothe Chip- th chiU.se of the ewa Indians ot 54, (Statutes at 1 under date ot I. Acting Secre- py of which is to said mixed ;hat the mixed- leutation of the d to sehn't from were ceded to 54, eighty iicros d-bloods in the. You are therefore respectfully requented to iustru(!t the regjstei.s and K'ceivnH of the local hiud-oltlces having Jurisdiction, to re(!eive «ayl cer- titlcatos, agreeable to the terms thereof a.s directed by the Hon. At^ting Secretary in sai«l order of the 20th ultimo. Very respectfully, vour obedient servant, CUARLB8 E. MIX, Aetiny Commissioner. Hon. Joseph S. Wilson, Commissioner General Land- Office. ! 1 ■! *-,^ 11 1 Cliurltm Hdttineau. ' 58. Ji.hn B. Fian. •/ HtMiiy Holliiiijjor. T)!), Margret Delornie. :i," Li/.titto Uoycr. <;i>. Bazil Delornie. 4. MiiiKiirot Hrcnciui. (il. Matleline Ducept. ;'). IMiilaritt) Uciuichiimin. i'y'i. Marie Gagnon. (I. Muriit HiMiiirliiiiuin. ()3. Michel Dncert. 7. Miii)?r«!t llt'iiiril, (inotber.) . Adelia Dumas. 10. ElUiii Boniid. (17. Marie Derosier. 11. Aii;^«ili() Beiiuclianip. ()8. Joseph Dagneau. 1'.^. Aiitoiiiu BiMiiieliunip. (i'J Genevieve Dagneun. in. Angelic Ciiplet. 70. Madeline Dagneau. 14. Alexis Co(nie. 71. Margret Dejurdin. 1.'). Mai'Kiiret UiiainpaiKue. 72. John B. Dejardiu. Hi. Pierre Chiiiiiimigue. 7:5. Mary L. Qninn. 17. SuHftii Carier 74. Marie Livelet. 18. Josette Coqne. 7r). Margret Pipier. 19. .loMotte Carier. 7(). Andre Lesporance. aO. Catherine Dond. 77. A^athu Laraunce. •21. Pierre Diiniain. 78. I/,iard Lagimouiere. 2'i. Josette Diiuiain. 79. Sura Lnginiuniere. 2:5. Isabella Porauteau. 80. Charles Leroque. '24. .Tolin K. Peranteau. 81. Marie Marion. 2.'). Marie Porantean. 82. Josette Martet. 26. .Joseph Peranteau, jr. 83. Pascal Mantour. 27. Louis Peranteau. 84. Madeline Mantour. 28. Susan Peranteau. 85. Margret Nolan. 29. Angelic Peranteau. 86. Angelic Nolan. '.\0. Madeline Soyard. 87. Francis Nolan. :U. Louis Vandall. 88. Augustiu Nolan. :i2. Isabella Vandall, 89. Genvieve Nolin. liH. Josette Vivier. 90. Margret Nolin. :{4. Susan Richard. 91. Pascal Parisieu. lif). .T(>seph Richard, jr. 92. Marie Plant. :!(). Margret Richard. 93. Catherine Prieaux. ;i7. Louis Smith. 94. Emily Smith. li-i. Margret Brosseau. 95. Marie Sir<5. li'.l. Josette Lejeniognier. 90. George i^iiv6. 40. Mario Lcjeniognier. 97. Nancy Small. 41. Marie Lauiulre. 98. William Small. 42. Josette Lucie. 99. Mary Anne Veaudrie. 43. Josette Lefraniboise. 100. Tousaint Voudrie. 44. Thoniat' Harrison. 101. Lo'iis Vilbrin. 4'). Francis Jervais. 102. LoiisePloufVilbrin, 4(i. Cuthbert Grant. 103. Isabjlla Wells. 47. Frizine Grant. 104. Edwanl Wells. 48. Marie Grant. 105. Williai L. Quiun. 49. John B. Gruet. 106. Sivier liashe. 50. Marie Galarneau. 107. Pierre La Pointe. 51. Madeline Goudrie. 108. Mary Rashe. 52. Audro Goudrie. 109. Francis Lerue. 53. Aniable Goudrie. *110. Josette Hainelle. 54. Pierre Gladeau. *111. Mary Tanner. 55. Josette Frike. 112. Mary Ann Cadotte, 5U. Annette Flemand. 113. Autoine Montreillo. 57. Josette Fian. w ■^.: 'K" r-' ' 'I ..-[■ * Certificates Nos. 110 and III retained iu book. ":-' .'U 240 CUIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. f; m Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairk, January 9, 1869. Sir: In compliance witb the directions contained in your letter of the 3d Koveniber last, I have the honor to inclose herewith a list of the names of certain mixed-bloods belonging to the Cbippewas of Lake Superior, to whom certificates of idei»tity entitling them to select and receive patents for eighty acres each, (treaty September 30, 185t, vol. 10, p. 1110, Stats, at Large,) dated November 17, 18G8, have been issued and delivered to Franklin Steele, esq., on the 17th ultimo. Tiie certificates are numbered from 114 to 311 inclusive, excepting 205, to which no certificate has been issued. They are in the same printed form of those heretofore issued with your approbation, with an indorsement thereon indicating the territory within which the selections may be made agreeable to your directions of the 3d November last, reference being had to your letters to this Oflice of the 28th and 29tli of October last. I inclose herewith copy of the certificates in blank bear- ing thereon the indorsement aforesaid, requesting that you inform the General Land-Office of the issuance of the certificates, and give the necessary instructions to that office in reference to the location of the selections of lands by the parties uamed iu the list as indicated in your letter of the 3d November last aforesaid. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, N. G. TAYLOR, ( Commissioner. Hon. O. H. Browning, Secretary of the Interior. No. 114. Anderson , David. 115. Andtji'soii, Fraiicis James. 116. Andi'i'son, Letitia. 117. Anderson, Henry. 118. Anilin, .loliu B. 119. Ainlin, Mary Anne. 120. Anilin, .Josettc. 121. Allard, Aniltroise. 122. Jirencan, Tlioniaa. 123. heaneiiniin, Madeline. 124. Kcanclnnain, A)idr6. 12r). liaireanx, 8u.san. 120. Hoisvert, Snsan. 127. I^anncrnian, Mary. 128. Mcllhcnieur, Josette. 129. Bird, .lames. r.W. Hinl, Isal).>lla. lai. i5t']j,'ard, Elizabeth. i;{2. Hrnce, Elixabetb. i:5;i. Hrnee, Janu-s. I'M. Uince, Franyoise. 1:55. J}elftarde, Margaret. 13(i. Hottinean, Mary J. i;57. Urown, Isabella. i;?8. ]{(ivi(;, Margaret. l:W Movie, Paul. 140. Kassett, George. 141. Hasseit, Marie. 142. Hia(;e, Catherine. 14:{. Hercie. IJaptiste. 144. Colin, Elizabeth. 14;'). (Jolin, .lean B. 140. Campbell, Naiiey. 117. Canada, Margaret. No. 148. 149. l.'iO. 151. 152. 15:$. 154. l.-)5. 156. 157. 158. 1.59. 160. 101. 162. io:{. 104. 165. 160. 107. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 17:5. 174. 175. 17(i. 1:7. 178. 179. 180. IHl. Chainpaigne, Madeline. Cophft, Joseph. Cai>let, Dennis. Caplet, Lonise. Corrigal, Hannah. Cook, Josette. Contor, Etienne. Cummings, Cnthbert. Cnnnning, Charles. Cnmining, Malcolm. Cnnnning, Margaret. Decheneau, Peter. Deiniett, Mary. Dejarlin, Baptiste. Desjarlin, Francois. Dejarlin, Marie. Desjarlin, Michel. Desjarlin. Josette. Desjarlin, Margret. Delaront, .lean. Delorme, Adelaide. Delornn', Urbain. Delorme, Norbert. Demarais, Julie. Demarais, Severe. Dtjmarais, Charles. Dease, William. Dease, .John. De La Kondy, Paul. De La Kondy, Margret. De La Kondy, Etienne. De La Kondy, Lonis. Ferguson, .John. Faustneut', Baptiste. ■I CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 241 ■ I TBRIOR, Affairs, mry 9, 1869. your letter of itli a list of the lewas of Lake I to select iuul ;r 30, 1851, vol. ive been issued 0. sive, excepting '6 in the same )ation, with an li the selections J^oveniber last, Sth and 29th of i in blank bear- you inform the 1, and give the location of the licated in voiir Jommisnoner. No. 1-ti. 1*7. 1*-. 1*1. U»ti. IIM. lit','. 111:!. UU. ID.'). I'.Hi. 11»7. 111-. m. ■.'1(1. m. m. •ill.'). M. •jiir. w. •ill). !ill. •,'l-,'. •.'):!. '.'14. ','1.'). ■iW. ■JIT. •,'1>. •iUl. ■»0. ■m. ■m. ta. •m. •w.-). d(\. i;n. m. &>. 'm. •,':il. •,':!,'). ZW,. W. •a<. '»,!. 240. 241. ■.'4'.>. m. 244. •-'Hi. Foy, Josette. Fiignaiid, I.sabpUii. Fajjuand, Ciitlilicrt. Fi(lUir, Frant;ois. I'i.Uer, William. F'idli!'-, Nancy. Flt.'inaud, Mai'si'et. (libson, Frautis. Glatleaii, Piern;. Ginjfia.s, Marj^ret. fionlet, Rodger. (Jniet. Aiijiustiiie. Gruet, Madeline. Gniet.Tlieopliilnn. Ifamlin, Isabella. Hamlin, Solomon. Hamlin. .Tosepli. Hnlcrow, EliziilK'tli. House, Elizabctli. Heniy, Mary Aune. Himrie, Picno. Henrio, Antoine. Henrie. .Tosettc. No certificate issued. Hod^fson, Charlotte. Irvin. ]>oiiist>. Iiikstrr, .James. Isbister, Mary, .londron, Aii;;elic. .londron, Francois. .Johnson, Mary. Klynt^, George. Klyne .John. Klyne, Mar. Mousnie, Therese. 250. Maxwell, Elizabeth. 2.")L Moutreiul, Joseph, jr. 2."j2. Montreiul, Margret. 2r>:<. Morin, Xavier. 2.54. Morin, Madeline. 255. Nolin,John. 25t). Nolin, Mary Ann( . 2.57. Nolin, Nfubert. 2.')r'. Nolin, Margret C. \2:>[). Nolin. Julie. *2t)(i. Nolin, Jose))!). 2fil. Nolin, Angelic. '■ 2i]i. Nean, Isabella. i 2(W. Parks, Julia. i 2()4. Peranteanx.Celestic. ; 2(55. Peranteanx,.Jo.sette. I 2(ii;. IVllier, Marie. I 2t)7. I'eltier, Susan. 2^yi. Primeau, .losepli, jr. 2()l). Primeau,. Joseph. I 270. I'atras, Ellen. I 271. Pereanx,Moni(iue j 272. Ross. Margret. ; 273. Renville, Margret. I 274. Renville, l''ranvois, sr. ; 275. Ronsiant, Francois. I 27(i. l{oi,Tiiei^ese. ■ 277. Richard, Charlotte. 27S. liichard, Rosalie. 270. Koi, Francois. j 2'"ll. Shalioyer, liouise. j 2^1. Smith", Joseph. ! 21^2. Smith, Mary. j 2^;<. Strotier, Antoine. ! 2*4. Sinclair, Thomas. I 2-*5. .Sinclair, Catherine. I 2Sti. Sinclair, James. 2"'7. Sire, Madeline. ' 2*'^. Sanderson, David. 2?".). Saint Gennain, Josette. 2'JO. Sayies, Frauvois. 20L Sutherland, Jame8 R. 202. Soyard, Joseph. 203. Soyard, Joseph, jr. 204. Slater, Thomas. 205. Slater, Maria. 20fj. Slater, William. 207. Slatter, William. 208. Taylor, William. 200. Taylor, Mary. :$00. Tibault, Ellen. 3(11. Twicotte, ^'ital. 302. Vincent, Franvois, 303. Vincent, Marie. ■'?()4. Vandal, Antoine. 305. Va.nlali, Benjamin. 30t). Vandall, Margret. 307. Vandall, Marie. 30-'. \'andall, Margret. 3(10. White, Julia. 310. Wray, F. Annie. 311. Jeuton, Josephte, j^ " , - _ . I m - • % ■ ■-:'■•• it.. '■* ■ ' :w ■■■.■ .■ . . ■ If. , ■ ::■]] -.Hi 242 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, April 23, 1870. Sir : I would respectfully stcate that certificates have been issued by this Office, under the provisions of the treaty of September 30, 185l, with the Chippewa Indians of Lake Superior and the Mississippi, to the following-named persons, entitling them to select eighty acres of land each, not mineral, as therein provided, and receive patents there- for, to wit : No. of certiliciite. 312 313 314 315 Date of certificate. To whom issued. March 9, IHdK March 9, 18()S) March 9, Ic^tiy May 27, 1869. James Hagcrmaii . . . Elinaheth Hagermau Margaret Lavierge . , Autoiue Roy Acres. 80 80 All of the above certificates were sent to the agent for delivery. Verv respectfullv, your obedient servant, E. S. PARKER, Commissioner. Hon. Joseph S. Wilson, Covtmissioncr General Land-Office. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, March 1, 1873. Sir: Referring to your letter of the 20th of January last, informing this Office that in eighteen of the forty-five cases wherein the applicants were decided by the Hon. Secretary of the Interior, under date of March 19, 1872, to be entitled to land under the provisions of the seventh clause, second article, Chippewa treaty of September 30, 1854, no certificates of identity had been issued and no selections or applications to select land had been made, I have the honor to inform you that this Office, under date of yesterday, issued certificates of identity to said eighteen per- sons, which have been this day transmitted to United States Agent E. P. Smith for delivery, as follows : No. 310. Paul Behingcr. 317. Autoiue La Pierre. 31H. Joliu La Prairie. 319. D. George Morrison. 320. Maggie Morrison. 321. Ambrose Brunet. 322. AntoiiH! Bagiige. 323. Joiiu Rice. 324. John B. Warn n. No. 32."). Paul Belanger, sr. 321). I'eter Cota. 327. Charles Duverney. 328. Joseph Deiueaux. 329. Catherine La Point. 330. Cliarles Mergan. 331. John iite. Parisean. 332. Pousiant Chouiuard. 333. Johu Chouinanl. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. R. CLUM, Acting Commissioner, The Hon. Commissioner of the General Land-Office. [OR. )R, .FFAIIIS, pril 23, 1870. been issued by rnber 30, 1854, Mississippi, to eighty acres of patents tliere- Acres. eo 80 80 so CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 243 Department of the Interior, General Land-Office, Washington, D. C, February 2G, 1872. Sir : I have the honor to transmit herewith a list of all the Chippewa half-breed scrip locations that are patented. Very respectfully, WILLIS DRU3IM0ND, Commissioner. Hon. F. A. Walker, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Washington, I). C. ■I . . ■ ',;'■ "f ■■ " -.1' "' ■ i ■-•fiiiii'' •■■«; ■ V lt>- * • r delivery. A.RKER, 'Commissioner. f 1' I ilOR, Affairs, larch 1, 1873. last, informing the applicants r date of March seventh clause, o certificates of s to select land is Office, under eighteen per- tates Agent E. il.-.!.'' ■ T,-- !■? ■ • lit. m. U(l. viv;:fi > - -!.{-. 4 M, Commissioner. 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'< S 53 S Ti p -r r; i-; -J c -ri -J- i-. ■s 51 2 1-. 10 CI •* .-. — v: 1-1 ei i-< 51 1- -" 51 51 -< 51 L^ rt -? r^ 7j 51 -« • 51 r. 01 " I- •- 1- '- -I" ^ 51 r '^ r ^ T ?; »'. ^ •= - y. ce •/. r-i '/: V, •/. r- — •/. ^ c; I- 5» ^: 15 — 5; 51 r. ?) rt 51 r: 51 51 — CHIPPEWA ITALF-RREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 245 • 1' -5 '3 -3 '^ • '3 -^ X ■-= t- 'O — '* '* X — — '1 '^ '^ » — ' • *■* •■* '?i •-? * *" '^ '-^ '3 » '-3 t- '^ "^ cc -3 tc '• w i3 ^ ■* '-^ "^ '^ 7 i. Tj * T) * X' X X X' O) X rj XJ X X tB 7, X VJ T& XI X X X X * 7j X X X X .. 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II i .0 m « cs I LJL '-US III £■£■**_: a'" «r"a!rHi''" _ a 2 i- -. - a &■&« - o*^ sl-lso5^ :-! a ^J^ 2 2 t t~.5 19O i 5 «3 a >V-s r, r,-r h 5 i a a 3 -; : I tt^ . , c .Si . n rt tT-s; o i S S • «. •.- 'Si ;d a •11 o a --a pQoa psup pq psijfl p u a s:;; poS so ft Ky P;; P'j p-j WO fr?' .a. t>^^::.f r ^- . - 4 ;v ;•: ■.^i-:t. ^^^^S^l ''' ■^ :.f I 246 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 1 I 1 a;:s=; : :a:s;: = g I ;03 . • ;.a ;.= ; ; = '*' oor^ .2 .3 .£ .2^.2" •OSUBJI tj w^ ^aaw?: ^"^^j: ^ w^Es }?■ ^ ^ Js^ w ^ p: ^fcs ;?! r: I.-: ^ CI f-ii-t ^ 'UJIJSUMOX 1 1-1 cj re s: -r •■ir^ Ci — ff; •»• irs © ^ i.t v ^ rt o o i- ^ a> ^i, "A 'A'A ■Qotpa^ ' .' . . ■ ■ ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; : ; Subdivision. 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Hv ' * • 1 1 1 ^^laiccfSai^^HJWlzs^Ww;,*;^;?;;, I CI ; • id : 2 o o :=55ic i ■i;S5.s 5 — -^ s5 f go y is «£ = — « s i hj<; i;iu^T ••=•3 2 st.s X — *.» i — «•— -^P • &<<) tc u a ?5 £ 5 -5 O >«i c '> ^ ii ■•^ _^ ® ^- ti e 3 6i£~i = c g ,2 c 5 4J c » 3 *^ tc ►-: 1-5 1- 5 ^=-= = o r It ^ "^ — .x. z ' f s U i" >^ c' '. = '5;<- i, !^e •dl.IDK c- T(j 7, X r; 55 r- v- Q ^ — — — — *- "* CI r: r? rs M I" "T ^ »3 l-: -.r -^ cs t- t- r; x : 41 ^ ;i 7i ?i jt ?i ii s S r: .-: rt x n r: r^ n r: r: .-! ?^ rt m « r: S « « r. n rt « : CHIPPEWA HALF-I»KEE1)S OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 247 .j; i3 s > K- a s •-= « cj> 2 ••■ !? I- ii j; s — — o »-' C« 0> 51 (71 FN Ct CI i-i — -" r^ »-■ 51 r" 51 « ,-, ei ft g i?.l.3Si--g^ .2 .5 .£^.2'^}' »i3 -r. no5f5> s» 3v X s> 5 e> -J » " n n t. x « x si-j » xo» — qiss'-; to i- x y. 3 T, I. X X' 00 .X X OL X 3J X X X X X X X X X X X X t5 X X X * X X X X X X XXX <:i 3 •« — r> s — ?i 51 S?;lzf'x-€il "SSSS?, ©2 ^ « ofn I s -« I- o i."s — « = — e-. c « s s in If) c If: n o o a !.•! 3 i; i^ o •»• r- « i-. l- s = ic © = = Fi^ i-«5l'^ 51 51 f^ i-«5lFNf-if^5l^^5li-tpNrt5li-"5l^ ^5If^.-5I5»fn?I^ s v Uttt 2^ , 2 ti a ti tl ': a '-^ *" ^- -i ^ ■- a '-^ tl, Sl >i ■?Sa u >*C >i bi >i >i be u P.JS a « s a « B S4 •i; a s a "! s a < "I ;l - fh St ,N rt 4» 41 >-i It 5t ii 51 - ^P2§i"|giSliii- 1 «5i £ ^ M Ct « CI i« f-t ;i 51 e« iH 11 01 81 8« iH w -1 e» »• ei n ei ei ei ««^eiw».«iirt-H(N««-i »H MSI 51 51 1-1 Sr ^ ^ 91 Ct 1^ 91 r-l irc — oo-o j3 13 51 ■»■ — « — r. ¥. 51 o ^ o 5ii-'i » x 5i a r. i- 5< ^f 13 o o mco 5 !Z! t" ^ i^ — •-* es -- -- ffj ■ • ■■ -t *. i' i. •■ ■ ■ u ■-" ■ M::r.^;: •r." IOih-»OSiXiflf5l«- ;5«i-li-l« <-lr-.SI 1-lS 2 S '^ S: * ■* ffi ^ ■'' "" S* "^ ''* ■" •" * 5' '■■ '"i ~ O -" *■• ■■* « ''' * " ''' ~ "t 5f 'f » O ?. in s o o a M V £5 51 2 C; — in t; 51 o» ^rt^Sl 5l5«S«5lMi-tpNMrtfiM^ 5ir5^i-t i-t»^r?i— -n««-n5I5I5»«5I *-t Ct5l5i5lMnftlCii-t j>r;P>5^Wa;W • = 2 = Ut S sec t: 3iSl£5£2 K^^^^qw^s^^^ai'/aJl^iWcoai^^JfafxJ^i '.yMvM'^''Av^'A 1 r ■ O ;^.5 3 *■ T. -5 5 - « ;?£a Eg.£ « S u :: a s - e s a if a»^H c.-= c'b o. ?-E£ II 1-9^ ►^o = S-=i; ^ M-cS r — i-s a ji a 1-5 a a S • '.2 = " a S c ; : e .s a s --^ u o ua u « oa ua w« s " fc » rt .. O « ^'/2§S53=a g-r a-= c a-S t-::ja»TT oa a~ • 3 3 « la T. ^ ;5k S «?■; t>. ■.»,-■■ !*'■■■ v^.f■•■L ;'■;■ "■ '- '..I 4.- ,■(. 248 CHIPPEWA HALK-HRKEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOK. E 5 s a - s s = s ,t 5 » ;i = .u i s s ,\ » ■= s .^b e = ,^- 3 = -• ,^ .-■ = ? t. r, = - _ - ?J fi fl S ?> S f> « m 11 S — -«-. — -<-« *i -H 5I — fi ;i -< 51 — -- ?i •- Ti ?r r: t1 Ti S Ji ^ •:• i'- ^ v !:■ i' S;- '^ | ■:. b" = "j b 5i^ ■:• ^ i' i' •? a y i" b^" y ir- > y xj ■:- •;• y d >• -'< >• -i _i I £i. « f r; •* « o I" "- -- 1- © 'p T* ?5 11 X o ?. r- » -^ I*; -♦ 3 TJ — r^ -^ "c I- f ■/, -r 4-T-rj.i»- e a "3 £. 11 -■ Tl 11 — :' T' I1 11 >" " -• -" ll — >- II -" -" II SI >^ "» e» II 1-c 51 n SI « SI si si si — ■;i';i— ti •l"*l I r. IS f* -r ?3 » C '£ iS ^ ^ M — 'IJ •* I- <- — I- I- r, n S' 'C — -J O — X ^ 'J Q 1- p IS •mnnnSiuu -- = "'^ -i-fl.-- * si s( --js r: ViStis-Si I ^ 2" :s - S rs ^-^ piiu a3iui;( . I '? -^ 1^ -I ■»| I* — 15 'ij • .T* »^ 15 "S -* SI •»• ^ Y. ^ '^ is "fi ^ «-« IS -^ -- to IS — I ^ rs ^ ^1 — IS -f x r? t — -« us ▼ I.S »-S ^ « I.*, "f l(S *?• r? -V •?" ^ i.S V "Ji i.S r? T O Ci T t.S I.*, -r 51 lS is o ■nonaas' — 51 ^ T. SI o * SI I" I- J/ 1- -< .1 SI ¥ sv 7j M -r X 51 ?s => i< "J" 3 1.S SI ?; s-. r. s "■ rs SI c "T -rrt T CI «« F«»™n nmilsi SI SI — "-^slr-si «" «— — — — — rs".> — — 2 ■ S-S-? 2 a •= • 3 2 - t !•;; t.— ; x o "5 '£3 ^ 1-5 a, ^ 1-5 CC ^ W ^ 5 M as. as' — - •J -TT 3 u o c w-a CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 249 2 i i i !i '' ^- ^ 7 3 -J, T %^^'i'i'' ilVi I illili I MM i liiliilllilllllliilllllillil II -S'iifirl" S" SSS-'^S S St:S2" S S2'2"SS?fSSS'S2'3'«'"'28a2sS2"SSi:?i'fi"s:2 «'2" :' » 3 ii •?• M < . "f Ci li rt I- I." 'r I- 3 5. CI »-i •?• 'j: -»■ s ••; u; r. c ^ t* - 5 Jl t» 51 ^i 5 ^ •» « ri ?» 'C — -r i- Li^'j 71 -4 91 71 91 fh 91 p^ ^ 7( fi^ 71 Cr *4 M 91 ^ 9t pm ^ -^ •« 91 *-) <-« *-* 91 9t ^ "" -H ^ 71 «4 *-« 91 «h pn 91 -" '^ 9* ^ ^ "^ -m ^ r. s — » -^ -J ? r: = T- ( - X • rt M 91 c ?» i- •»• 7» r. t« 7» t-: -3 5» o VL »" *- t 'C — th- *- s i- 71 r; x o -»• *- ri — rt (* r; — 7i ':i "i» ^*-« -r 91 I-- M r^ ^ o c 9*91^ c 71 — -r X -:»*- r: -c i- -r i ^l 5 9» ;» s t s t *- -^ cbS i-f^^ 3 a at 5 jf « ' a ; a : a : a ; a •ij • a ' a ' a S.5 a n 757: Si-, - 4* a-r ii a * ^ a «.2 9 ^ "^ fc-i ! • ^ a I . a 5 i « 05 a: w a 0! ■ tKXl £ 2 ^ -^ .2 ^ .^ S ^ -^ * ^ ,^ .£ -'^ I g i.2 i ii i S.I i i..2 11 „ _q -.2 S .„ _ „ oa^sfl^aesjla?:^;; Pu r. 7: 7; 7; s -f. -n n X -r. ~ ■llsia trt 91 'c ^ rs ^ M i.-^ M -sjifiS'i:-;;""?, "-'?.-"?. « •£ — 'J- M 3 S.2 ^S c a. a a V.'Ji U» ^ L» L» L^ ^ M* L» M» ti^ a^ ^ ■i' ^ M*" ^^ ^ ^ «^ K* ^ O T» > U: •• ^■'M^^, ►'■' V' ■■ . . f >f; X >5 */; >5 ■/ S^ X y^ '>5 v: x >q X :^. ;5 >C x S^ '/ A / Xi x ?5 r: '/: ;^ K^i ^!.> --lirt «"-«ifSiT5-!iJJ7:Ka:7:t^'S] 1?- *^-- • I >,^^:.>.". M i-i-i^f! P p;;pfii\:p j; it;.',.,^ p ^:5B tixBiuxc/jx'e »aSx «(»xo&36»»(jO!BX«QO«53a5 as ''':^y^. "-I 250 CIirrPEWA IIALF-nUKEDS OF LAKE SUPEKIOR. M*f w^ i 5 t (2 I lilll 1 llll^lllill I llilil 1 il 1 arScan « S;""S-a = 3a5a2M a =3 = ?*c2 3 Ba.n ff) O 5» Oi TU M I" nti r: ffi « ■* w irt « » •** I- '^ 'TU -Ti irj ^ 1.-5 11 t-5 (ji y, fl) ss ?. 1' ':i f tzrf 'I u = b ^z »i |iiiii .>?)iiir;i B '■5 a o s •I' Si. .s "S* •qSubji •(I}ll8U.ttOX •noipoij 51 — ©I o •»■ -- »o ft» « X) ©I i" CO fi t* t.T ci -- CI M -rio i.-^ o m 11 1- c ^ M o — M "* -o en SI T* -11 r? s :>5 • 3 t -^^r* -^ . '^^' •'2 ■ »^ijHif I. '^ w- 00 X L^ '"-t t« 'lA'A'A^Vi'A'ArAxA'Avivi'A'A'^rAikm ■-W-+* * N I ? • . 3 o ►•I ^ -, S 1 u s.^ = » : .^ = I 5 f-3 a a •?4 a 'E -a ■ 3 -S ■ " i 33,2>2 £-1-s.= "^ S3.- i"«U * •-j=.a ES3 5'j='^ ?* » w S^«a ? X 2 "' - X i i- * • P .Si; t in a of S ill fn>? i-J ■5 = 5.-4 r - .a - ^- u - >. f — ■•Il.IJS JO j.)ncmi\: o a ija c p o i; o s oS Q a O o P '-j-o P . Tj ^ f L I. I. 7 JLi 1= § i^liB-?.f ?i CHIPPEWA HALF-HRKKDS OF l.AKK SUPKRIOK. 251 - r. e ;; j5 ^ r :^ l-i ^ ,5 |5 *• S ^i ;v ,'.- -w ^' *• !-£ Jw ^ "-• ffi :5 S 3 ® *-* ^ ^ Ij .V ^' *• r* *• t& 3 .'^ :; ?S ** ^ ^ !?* ^ T t i! T 1- T r 7 X c 'c '/j T C V 7 iX V V * T x *<; 1^ Z £ T x *#" 7 *i! x 7 X T 7 x 7 V 7 7 7 7 x 7 V f '#!• -I — •« II ^ — 5r Ti ^ rs ?5 (?> Ti ?i CI T* T# -^ ^ — 75 ri -* -rl (ji ci — S ;S i — ^ ;; fj S ^ ^ « ;5 ' ,-,(,-- — -- X r; — n © SJ X s •£ *■• *c x ci o 7* 7> o Ci -•*-*- 1 •• ?^ x t. — ^ © i- -• '* r^ "o "f rr a © t* ?• o « «• ** ■;» ?! ^ 51 ^ ?i -* — 'Ti^'-ci'-^ci ^ i. « *! ^ ph f;f •-« Tf ^ 7' -« f^i ^ 71 — ^ »-"?i "j:jf S « 1- « n m n *- CI y, t/5 Sslaxx-y: rN tr^ X "H X *-! rt I -* C7 ^ 'o c* — 5» f f n fe fe-s£: w Es^ fcjjs ^ fet-f ts fe Ssais If {s bjsiicii fea^ui fesab -s&j ■-i;1 — o — I--' -" csiff. *« — •»• T reciT-xi rt n o rt f^ in "1" (^ ^ ^ v o 'O to ^ in »n rt — — i -H I- i- 1 2 rs M -« X t- * — y. ^t 31 t; T> o 1-. t; 11 31 so L*; in rt o n •»• in t rS in ih in in ^ ^ in m ^ *'"2*S"'?. = ?.S3''2SSS8S = ''?}S""""S]''fiSSS" = *SS?:''Sif!2SS?5'-S3!rii:':?3S > : /M ■ ri 1-5 r/j >^ »^ a >^ ? ai «! 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T. y< -x. y< ■* ^ - •f. = r =J ^ u bH b a A S i; 3 h^ i T u 23 a r* i T N^ i J5 u Pi« ;:> a a ^ ^ pc s iri s ( im'I'KWA IIAM'-MKKKDM OK LAKK NUI'KUIOK 253 S!il3l''''''^S=i'"-""2iS'''V.2-22U 2 2 '* Ki '/i ■" - 2 2 S Vl2'i1 2' "2' 2' iii22i?f2" !{< '4 <;i :i *4 ^ rti*N «M 71 •-•-«*-• P^ Ti ^ 'ii OH 7t ':* ^t •-• ni #-*'yn» 11 »-* 71 F*')i i?* Tifjiti -ii ii'^i ^ tmi ti ti o- 71 ^ <:# t* •pi "• c j^^ V • '■ •§ 1^.)^. 7;//; -A ■/■/i '/;X>/i-/r/j f/j '/ '/i '/ YJ'/ yri.'l'riy,-/t yC^' i.i.r. -A ■/■/i 'hy^'/i^irii 'fi '/ '/; '/ y>/ 'yri.-i'ri.y,-/, ■• .:•. -r « I" -« -r -r -I- •^ n M <«■ M 4 1-, » n n I'S 10 >•■! irj iB ui 15 n ~ ci — t 10 o lT*?i 13 Ail "• ?. "ft 21 rt 2"' »i'*J 'A""' ^ ffH- *• ^ ^ ^' — *•"" ^' *J '^ L' TF 2t "^ 'J - '* 1' '1^ "»* ^ *' S ^ "^ "*• t5 ^ "^ -- 5i'«> c ■ v" * "f'l * .-ii 254 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. o a a a o o :i ■Si i 1 « .1 o a O -- Xi SI « Tg C; OS g CI ;C » i^" S ?* 2 ?* T" 3 r* 10 1; ^ X * TO TU * X 'X * * 00 OL' ffc CtJ %> % % S CR ?© 00 r; 5i "c % ^ '£ ^ '-^ • ■X * -D OQ X t 5 ci — rt isfef t'! -'• '' ^ ^ ■-' si i> tit > > ft tt b >i5 '^ >. ti >-. J tt >-. tt ^ >! >■ tr t, J . . . _ . , , tt!>t!»._ «l? « c n ^■A7i ft — -J" p Q — ^» 3 ^ ei «l H -« 71 71 — iM T» H r" lUI SI 71 •-< 71 7< ii 71 — SI 71 71 — 7) -| ^ ra m n n 'ja<| 1-. J -r SI t- I' v ijy.mnT^ XI n n — -c ■■: '^-r T> •uimi .(Hiiu.i Ml* 5 J:: '" - m " 2 - I- I- - M 2 r7 ^ " liiiH ;iriiin}fi -* Z3 "r I., r? 1" '^ t., »~ O ^ 71 71 si •»• -^ <^ - i-i '•" — " •oauBjf r- 35 ^ r* rt 71 71 17 'O 71 '^ lO OD « 00 rj h- CI *^H ^- 71 31 71 CI r^ •dnisuAiox J'. «3 0? 'Air,'^, i< '^ 1*5 ^ Jz; iziaj ^ 'Air^y^ y^ S '^^ 1.7 L7 P7 ^ C •nonoas w 71 X * 1^ » 00 C: CI 71 U7 ft f7 C f" ^ W I' « © f7 1^ 71 -^ ^ Si O *.C ti7 t* ct-« Kci--iSsi slr^si^ — r'-" — ?i«siMi-i d f- p" S". — a"S2S2?l "ti' h^?>5 y, ? hJ h; w ;W. it's 3"=''^ c^-^"^' ."'•;r<- pi >« Es « kS s: j; hJ x !^ '/: >'i a- !«5^ ^ ►*< "* •— ." I- r '■ '-K y. r- ; • •« !^ ; I !'-■ (M • c . • • '+• ; 1 .'t>- P4 • ./5 ; : \y< i'sc ■/i •/ ^ini-*? ^^ ^^W s ii t: S5 - tc ►5 >:; ji?; p; w ;< /■ a 7:V: >5 >^ 7-; >^ ^.->--„? . ■~ .= := = «■ ^ c-^ ^ ;7"',a i-=K - •^ t 4- a B C J '.2 .2 "H »: - ►■ r 54: « ■ Z t i o ■ ii u = ; B ~ « 5 rl " = ^- r. (c s -* ■'^ -/ rt _.'; ? ^ s Jl— a- i =1 •= = ri — i- ^ E fcf'^ <4 £ < « cB ^; •=£,*: 2 =•§«§• •§ ^1 E'i. ? E^'i ^ i«55T = ib^ :x « ?-^?; - i Crr. jojo, J ;», :; >, :i 51 — ti Ti -. — -< rt -, ii ii^ sis '■'?''' 2" I :K| :£^£-=£ iTi LT *Jt i.-^ Li rt ^ « 5} 51 -I -, ?i M fi rt 9* t'lIIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 255 s;^-5Sss^.? 4 « C3 St«1i^Si^SSS>^i^S^ H SS*«;SS??'Ti^>',3>^»^ '■^SHS «-l fl ^ ^ »H W Jl n ?5 FN 1-1 |S^.^f.-4'2§S|-ji2-S ^1 ll It -^ -c CI 9t r-i fH fH — !-• rrt 91 F^ FN 91 91 91 ^^ ei fM 91 <-i 91 91 t-t 91 -N 91 fH 94 99 fH 9» «^VHF^F494 9l9>l- « ^ is: fe -3 P ^ » « ~ •■c ^ J -S B 5 ^ . '. a : . M e8.p- (j 3j •"3 •' "3 2 5 = is^i l5 a B Ix i-Slgg1. V; >5^ >';•/: 03 ;z;>5!^>5 !?5 >', (^ >?i|s',^S?!;«SqJi;?,:«>5-/i!?5 aj '^^yM'/', 'Ar.'A « « — 3 -N ■<»• in '.o ic t'* — I- Tf w ?i -- I- *- I'* ift r- i(^ r» -^ tr i(^l-'^t-OOinXiX®'»»OOCIt^» CO W 1" -n" ■* i-i -^ M M !^ ^» 1 ■r h- .,i: •1 '-•■ ■I- ■■• "if ■-.-t"- ' left :::^;,: •;■! ;.;-■•■;■.. •»"■.*■„•- . ■^'i..;' . . . ' ,^«i.', ■ ■ ] ... ;' ; : : 1 '^ ' • -H^ ■ :t^ : '.',''', •« . ; ;!^ : •"s ; . . e . l'^ * I I '^ I •;^ : ■ •f4 ; ; :•/ ■ :^ : . cs . , . n . I '■'** \ ■WH* -»^,W -(i-« ^•^ ^^^^ /r. •A./ S'ji'/.-A--ji *«(M ■-.•<- •*'w'-:: «.rt^ -•^^:,-' ^•s* i-^y.K-x.tfM'A-rM t^ t^ :" ■: >' ? ^( " ■' ^ e'5'i ; o ;i a 5 ;«1 ■♦•^B^a ■" ;W : : : : ;^ i"^ ;-«i ;•« i'^ •'^ •w ; o \'^ iaj I-^ lo • ■^ : g '.■*■> • a . « • . 5 ^W-^' f e e u ;t. #•/;'/:• ^ ^^ -ft ^ =3 S'h S >^ •- -5 -"S •- --S H.-.r-H ■g ^ -«' . -^' -g • g "*■ ■ ■* Hei"*-'-^ rt " ^ =« 03 -/j -=>?;>;" S»o^ H !^;^ "- c. HcoP ?=I?W •-fi» ?:^S 4 «: « 2 s S^-El « - * ^ B '1 B ^ a i=1 r .•-r k .^ ' ^^^H s ^ = t; = > Tr ^ z. ^ ■ t<: ;. < t. X ^ ?^?? ^ Ij^ 7 L ^ ■ 3 ^H K irt =t>'.r 2 H 2 a S - /. ?! 2 'ts^2 =!'i a n ao 2 - « — '■J >^<-i:j<^'-i 2 bt. X B. c •A- "J 3 ;; ^ ^ •' a S *^ •/. •-5 5 t. = 5Bg2 = «ctJ^2 I Br=-5 •/3 ;i,<>;«G>4S xj es e o o »^ •! ■?» n ^5 -^ •»■ j2 '■* '■* '^ t;i *-' * * S "t J* i' ^ lii 1? 'jg S ft ? 55 51 ?i S ~t 5 55 5« 55 s» II 55 iiJ 55 55 55 55 ?i ?i il ?» S ?! ?i w :. ■ t; .[ l.'';^*' '.--s.».F ''"^m >'•■•■;■'? 256 CHIPPEWA HALF-HREKDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. n a a o u c 1 .- Cl — _« i no t 'x4*'£$!€¥:«¥'-2^.^?¥ '2 !K ■t (51 e» »■ 5» jf s « c ei 0" «■ c in I-' w • •f a f-< ii ' ,; ,• & 5 sss>^-^-^s»^;>^sasa s y, >fl a CI in ^ iH o "5 rH "^ Il .1 71 p^ ^ (Jl ei tt »« rH 1- »^ SI 1-1 1^ ei »H e« 1-1 r* MB) I -muiia^uif.i T s i?! s pin ■ In llij[ 1 • ; « jt .:: • ■ ^ ■ c -J CJ 5 rt « =.2 S3 ili:.^:^^:^ c ■r. .2 1 5 -S---' 2- rcs^^e :s *7" 1-^ 1 > U4 ■ ^£ -< T , r/j n , 7; 7; IB B3 '/: 63 ^ b i JS ^ iJllHJl •'•r «— t-< TT £^ rf -> TI — 1- r*. « c Tl — i-? — 01 « ,« el 55 « 5iii »i ,;( S S Ji ' I'll « «^ s S^&!;Jf^Ri'i- »M (jj 9* ^ 71 n iH cf St 91 -^ Z L c» •-j'j; *H o • ; V 'was .2 • '-^ «^.r «£ a;" o? 'S i a -^ fc< ^ K '^z: a KM rg bir.'/.Xf.v.Cr.^ ;i ',1 ffiemsi •« ^ « .Si 5> .§ "^ 1* -r-pro MT^^-r lOOMT i', y, 'A y,y, 'A y.-f.y,y,y-f.y.y. •tlOipOkj : o I.T.S TO js ':» ?o c citj 55 ^ ci : s a i o o y-* ; w.y^ify< _'**'*" -^ H" -W c o o o l!^^ ;-« ir.'r.y ^1 >Arr. y : y, ■/. \y'y ; • • ■ 'vi^ ._^ ■" t 'Li^P"^ ''^'' \y.'y IP* *^-w 2" •i'.'t; e ,==t;-r*2^^-i«?:|-j:,i„ m-j-.y c Cm O a a i 2 •IS '"2 &«.= = si -S a c J u ^ w £ ^ s •dl.ins ! — - j JO .uiiuiux I ^f^ ^i .'} 51 ?I?iliHr)?l?l?lWWW?»?JM ei ?! ci ■J w U ^ wO ^•_ I': ii X X r. ri o •f:; tn -"^ fl '^ > I^ ei etii ei eisi e> stii rl t il -f *i •' ■' CHIPPEWA HALF-HKEKDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 257 ■rr / r. I T-. r. i- /. r. — — • -^ /. t. t. : f, n T) 3 t^ C "^ *- -. 'J ~ * *- ri -7 — ~. _-. "TT 7^ /^ r^ -^ .T r- rr ,-^ ' ^ -^ -_• .■-' V r- i. -i; -1; IV .- -1- TT 77 x A .--• .-■ — I Z 7 I. T /. 7 7 7 T 7. 7j T T T V '* *- * *^ T ij T 7 7 7^ T T 7, Z x /! 7 / 7^ T T T 7 T T r 7 7 7 7 Z '£> 3" oi-'o'^'ir:'©"---; -i K^'" -' ^' p'l'; -i'-rt cT— -^' r^ -* rT r.' cT ^' ^r"— ?* w ^* s — * z:"'*' c;' "' 3 — c — -»•' s' .■" r t -^'i-**- -i-'cT tlT cc'^'i-' c.* o i >:>:>■.>•>,>, 1; >, >. «4, i. u tl' >. >■ >. ^ >. i >. u >. >■ u >. >, jj y _-• (J i >. >. i ti. >. ;i ^ ■u >. >. i >. - ;_-. ti >• > >. r .j ^ i u :,• t: « ^ 5 w M ^ ?? ^.-j ci — -». — 8fe" - -o * o *c -^ T' o 7' — C/ / ■* T* ti c I- I" - o T* — r. -f 4' rr 7j -J r7 — • ^. *— — / t- r^ -:» r. '* — t~ /, 7n • it y. -z 5 m %iS(ei -;;;t; M>« - i. n -1 it -. n-. iifi — n -^ — r: — ^ — — — n— -> „ — — ir 7: — •!i ii 11 ?? 1 i-i 91 sj i-( ei CI ■-• »< -< 3 rt 5 '3 c: ■- - c - -" 3 n-'r.''Aii/.-/. — -r.~ J o o I* -- f i- 'I, r. - < ?1 P9 iiO r: 10 •? "r "r ;i II ei ei 11 e< >-' el 51 -< « SI i-< 11 "" 'Ji ■-< 11 -< •- '» "-1 s' « 11 ""N ^ 5« T' "-I -" ffi « -H w IN ei «i >- rt ih •« ci 11 ii 11 si ^ h» ift T) ^ ei .-^ -r ,- — ^^H - "^ i- "5 "^ Tu « crj rt 51 1" -r ^ II n T r. 11 ii -c 5 -f 11 r: r. r: 7. i - -^ o — /, n o -r /- c; ci, :; i*^ 11 x -rj ir; -/; f tp r- 11 -)• — 3r -i — /• — ^^^1 X r. Jj o •!» »0 r; M -J ^ — • ^. 11 — 3-. If rr 1' /^ — n -r *r — i.-; t- t y: .^ = co z: 7^ '^. i^ : r" ~ ~ ?! 1^ Z X ^ A ^ H A •>; i — A i A :; A S yi :i -A X a a — a S a a '. — — ?? 3 •/ -5 _ "3 S5 A 73 *>^ pJ, .14*^ - a f o 1- 11 -r — -r t^s = L ?- M 1' 'J 1- 11 = 11 1' — II '-; •- s» « -^ M '^ II '1 -^ n -r r. cc; r-i t 11 -J c ^. .i 1- 11 i-j tc 11 eiiiiiiiu 11 -> 11^11 11 — -< rt -H 11^11 11 .^ri r-isj em 11 11 x z", x; _ y< ^ y, y. y. y. r. y, y y. ■/. y^.yy, r. ■/. y, y. y, y ^— . ^^ a z T. zi — '^ c: 7; ir o ii vj r- 'A o i*: -r c -f o /: — • -r - c. 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A - -j • ■_ '_ — ~ U' '_ ^' '^ cj u — ' u u — w — ^ — ^ ^ w ■_ ■_ '^ ;, c_ '_ '_ ;j ii w '■ '. -* 11 r^ i-i r. - — 11 If n •?• -r 1*^ 11 -^ -i (- r; r; — o -* — If If -f I* 1I -c (- c 7- - - o — 11 M — -r .1 .= i- /. — c^ :i 11 11 fV 11 11 11 f5 11 11 11 11 11 It 11 II II 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 n ii 11 11 71 ml 11 11 11 n 11 11 II unci 11 5i :i it 11 ci m 17 II B « ' "' ■■* 'M '* ;--'.^!i! •..■ •-^*':.!i • ■,-i;:^' . ' .,' ■'?' 1 '" '■■'•»,*:: ! ■"-' ■. 1 t:.:-.' .■■": 258 CIIIPPKWA HALF-BKKKDS OF LAKE 8T PEKIOR. p-i i > ! M.UI 1 J? ?5 ?> ?5 ffi S .*• C'^ rs rt JS S? — * *• * "• -v * -v * -*• ?5 * ^ * j X, X * T T X T 7 Z T X v! ». r 7 X X 7 7 T 7 T 7 T t xj _ JL, -I 7^ fi => => — X ^ U -. t ■ fi fi ?i — T» ?1 7 » — -Ti "/ ft V ^ d a ^ z)^ z* y - =: = s r if -• "i •} if ■;• i' i' 35 ^- ^"^ ^ ii i* -t SI- I" n Si ift o < - c; '^ — — < -J •?» -r r? •?» 5i — T) — — — . < - i- c> CI CI C» O* T» T» Tf -H — — — Tl CI CI -II tl 71 CI CI tl 71 71 C» 71 71 71 I ^j ^?f ? •^•"l 50 I" o *i X 7. ■ I" o '^ tc -T" o f CI orj -- ^» -f — I- •»• I - =! o -c iilllll ii^ilIM nn^iS)- r^ i2?:-H -J)t-r--3'ir. cicircir. 1-1^ ^ -. |illli .iSllll}! I O o s - = CI ?i •c •? ^< -^ T' - ti -* — —71 CI 7f - t CC ^ X »-« ti W 1 '. s & : ,':5 11:1 c i UM § _-«_ f-4 eiMiflto t' I o o o p ^ CI "I r: — -I — -I ~ti I'-y--'-./'': CI c — " :i /- ■i-^!''^!5_,,-„. ^y.>- j'.-'y--f.-sy\ t.ti.= s = c=- ti.~ "z: - t: " — •"^ I.'" 1, ~" *^ ^^ rii ■+ k i. KIOR. ct tT 1- " "^i » 1 •-3 1, if 1 '~ 1 ■JL* H '>; fr T' - 3. >. tip t> M 1 5 -^' ^< ■*. — 1^ "J • ri ^ ?*= i *» r 1^ - --.> 1) -:»- -^^. — ^1'^ i* Cf - H r-x — ^ 15 : n; ■ : > . .— ■ ^ r ■ *< ' 1 J t.' CT 1.* ' "3 ' uJ ^ — ! — _' ^ ^^ * c c Sm - ■/ : r 1 1 •r •-1 - 'J -r ■-^1 '" ■;i c* :'i c. )- i T -J ,^- ^ -*,-*- et I » -^ '• .. .A .. ,- '-.i-r.'^ ■:(- -1 -li \ \ .-..''*•' I ■ I ! i ^ t \ \ .•^ ; ; :-- : . r" ■ . . ■ . ....!/.. ■ ■/.;;; .^ ; .^ * ■ "'■' • \ '■ . ■. *• x ; ! '.' '• ', ."^ I %-. ! ;"" : ; ^/^ : !'/; ' ; .„ I -^■f ' 'C I ' ! — I > -^f r* «:£: "'■'H* . ''■^ , 1 *- » "■ , ; *^ ■"'^ = ^- »v^ -r ' V ..,: L^ ►2 << i". J.' -f^ ^ 7; a; i^l '•SI!! •■ ^A ■ ■ ■ CHIPrEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 251) fl /. I. X 'W a X s a r: "T i^ ;o r» .^» ?l T> ^.t CI -: ro r! rs n ; o o o o i 5i S S el — TO -1* ID ^ .- r: r^ w i-'S 1- 11 r< « M I- ^^^t,'- x^- — * •/3'=;? e ~, *•; . -'•)' p •^.|=t4 K? A W/jyJ ; I \ I ^^^^^ ; 1 \ P-, t i ; .&• til £7 fl □ «r *^ 3 * ^ a* M a «^ r. -^ im.«'. , 2G0 Cinri'KWA lIALF-liRKKDS OK LAKE SCPKRIOR. [Semite Ex. Do<;. \<>. :>:•, \'M ('(iiifjrcsH, l.st Ht's.simi.] Letter from the Seeretari/ of the Interior, eommunieathuj, in eomfiliutiee, irith a Sciieite resolntimi of .hxiniarfi 27, 1S74, information in rclntion /<« i( treattt irifh the Vhippenn Indioiis. — Feltrnart/ 24, IS74, ordrnil to //it on the t<(1)le anil motion to print reftrreil to the Committee on I'rintingA Febrnarij 27, 1874, motion to print reported and af/reed to. Bepautment oe the Inteuior, \Vashin(fton, JJ. C, Fehniarif 23, 1S74. Sill : On the 27tli ultimo I had the honor to re(!eive u resohitiou of th( Senate, of that date, in the Ibllowinj' words, vi/ : Ji'tnolrciJ, TJiat tlie St'ciotiuy of the, Interior be, and ho hereby is, rtircotert to rejioi I to the Senate iis soon iis ])raeti<'iil>le : 1st. Whether iuticle (i oC the treaty of Febniiiry 22, IBSu, with the Cliiiijiew Inilians is still in lorce aiii nan] ment. In answer to said resolution J transmit herewith the following, viz; A copy of a report, dated the 2d instant, from tlu^ (Jommissioiier o^ Judian xVlfairs, with aceouipanyino' papers, niiuiied A, IJ, and C A eopy of a report diited tlie t7th instant, from the Commissioiici'j of the General Land-Olliee, with aeeomi)anying- papers, marlvcd A and J>. A eopy of a rejmrl dated the 20th insttint, from tln^ Commissioner j said resohition. Yejy respectfully, your obedient servant, The President oe the Senate. C. DELANO, Secrrtarii. Dei'Artment of the Interior, ()i FicE OF Indian Affairs, WaxhiiHfton, J). C\, Fel/ruari/ 2, 1.S74. Sir: I liave the honor to aclciiowledgc; the receii)t, by reteiencti from the Dcpitrtment, witli directions lor tin immediate report tlicicoii of a lesolution of the United States Senate, dated the 27tii ultimo, call] inji for the lollosvino' inforiiiation, viz: 1st. W iietiier article (i of the treaty of IVbriiary 22, IS.'m, with tii( (.'hil>pewa Indians is still in lorce and iiii<'xecut«'d. 2d. That he (the Secretary of the Interior) be directed to rejxat iij detail what action, if any, has been taken nmler said article of .-^;ik treaty within the last two years. .id. That he be directed to rei)ort wlmt action has been taken inidci the act of .lime S, 1S72, entitled "An act to perfect certain land-titlc'^ tli'M-eiii described;"' what amount of lands jiave been chiimed tiicrciiuj der, what amount of lanly of this ()11i(!e thereto, under (hito of June <>, I.STl', ('(•pies of which correspondence are inclosed herewith. L'd. That all other oilicial action taivcn under tlie provisions of said article within the past two years has been under the iliiection of the I'oinniissioner of the General Lainl-Otti(!e. .'5d. .Under , 1S72,) to niakr', such lull investijjfatiou and rejtort as would enable the J)e[)artnHMit to ciury out the provisions of the act of Con};ress approved Junes 8, 187L*, relative to the claims of such parties as niiyht asseit a ri^iit to jiur- cliiise, with cash or military bounty-land wariants, any of the lands rc- I'tMred to in said act. Instructions (copy herewith) for the guidance of this commission were approved by the Secretary of tin; Interior outlie I iL'th and were issued by this (Jttice on the loth of July, 1872, and the iiiiijority report of their action, under siuth instru8 acres. This Otlice has no knowledjicof the amount of lands |>atented under tlie provisions of said act, nor how many ■ '\ m ' '-7 . "It'' ■'■*'. ]: "ill ' A. , 18.')."), with tilt: the l)ei»arli!R'iicl DEPART:\rENT OF THE INTERIOR, (Ienkral Land ( )i'FirE, Wa.shington, D. C, Moi/ 13, 1872. Sir : I have the honor to call your attention to the tenth article of tiie treaty September 30, 18r»4, and sixth article treaty February 22, LS;"),"), with the Chippewas, providiu}>" for the purchase of 100 acres of land by such persons as were residinf>- in the ceded country by authority of law. Tuder these arti(!les applications have been made — 1st. By those who were tray tlie widows of jH-rHons who it is chiinied were ontithMl. It therefore iMuionies ne, ]8.")4, and the sixth arliclti of the treaty of February L'-*, iSr)'}j with the (Miippewas, providing for the purchase of IGO acres of land by such persons as were residing in the ceded country by authority of law. You state that ai)pli(!ations have been made by those who were trad- ers, or acting by the aiUhority of the Indian agent, by the wives of such i)ersons, by servants in the families of those residing in the Terii- tory, and by the widows of jtersons who it is claimed were entitled, and that it is uecessaiy lor a proper execution of the puri)oses of the treaty to fully determine what (ilasses of persons are to be considered as being theie by authority of law. You think that a legilimate able to furnish as to the anthoiity possessed by possible elainiants at the eiHlent pioof on the ]>art of elainiants that they were within the Indian reservations by authority of law at the date of I the treaties under which they severally claim. Very resi>ectfullv, your obedient servant, F. A. WALKIClt, t'omiuissioncr. Hon. Commissioner General Land Oitkje. I., t \t •* 1- "' V t * ■i' t- I'; 'tl. t'l r' f: ■■ OR, Fl'AlRS, Jtdie (J, 1872. your letter of if the treaty of ' February UJ, )f 100 acres of y by authority k'ho were trad- the wivt\s of j» in the Terri- were entitleaiiie." The seventh clause of the second article of the treaty (concluded with the Ciiipi)ewa Indians of Lake Superior and the Mississippi) i-eferred to ill the act above (pioted, is as follows: -vEacjh head of a fanuly or Miigle person over twenty-one years of age, at the present time, of the mixed-bloods belonging to the Chippewas of Lake Superior, shall be Vi'.' Vv-ifl ;R ;■-■=■ •J. ■■ • «■■ . - ;<••■■■ I 1^- "i ■ ■ ■■■ :■:*' .'■■ ■%■' K* >;.??;; • ■■• ■-■^ \ 2r;4 nril'PKWA HAI,F-ItRKi;i)S OF LAKK .sri'KUIOK. entitled to eiji'lity ncres of IiumI, to be solec^tcd \ty tlictii niider tli« dircc tioii of tlic I'lcsidciit, and which shall he seen red to them by |)iitent in the nsnnl tbini." Yon iire reipn^sted to iidviso this Olliee wlietheror not yon neiiept tliis ai>iMiintnienl ; and in eiise yon do aeeept, the lion. Seeretiiry directs tliiil bj'fore cnteiinfi' on the , the claims of halfbreed Indians under the clause above quoted, and will be able to j^ivc! >nii valuable information relative thereto. Alter i'esent testimony, under oath, to juove their claims, \\»hi with the Joint opinion of the commission- ers, and forwarded to this Ollice with your report. After having' ascertained, to the best of their opiinon, who, if any, of the claimants ai'c entitled to jturchase the lands referred to luidei- the act, tlu^ commissioneis will make an appraisement of the same, with a vii'w to advisiiiii the Sccielary of the Inteiior at what |)ri('e per acre said lands shall be sold, if ])urchased with cash or military bounty-laud warrants, under the provisi(uis of the act. Your compensation will be at the rate of olixht doiia> < per day and the usual udleaye, to commence when yim shall leave your home, ami to continue ntdil vonr return thereto. i V«'ry respectfully, your obedient servsuit. F. A. WALK K II, Commissioner. Hon. T. C. Jones, JJclawarc, Ohio. I)KPAKr:\IENT OF THE TNTERIOK, GENEUAI. LAM)()FFT('E, Woshinnton^ 1). C, February 17, ISTi. Sti? : Tn res])onse to S"uate resolution of the L*7th ultiiiu), referred to this Ollice by the l)ei)artmeut under date of MX instant, I have the lionor to report as follows: Article (> ol treaty (»f February L'2. IS.m, (Stats. 10, p. 11(»!»,) is still in force and unexecuted. Hiid-'r date of November 22, LS71, this Ollico issued instinctions (copy herewith marked A) to rej^isters and receivers, ])resciibin<;' the metluul in whicli applications to enter land under the ])rovisions of the sixth arri(!le of the treaty of Febiuary 22, IS.Vt, slioiild be made and treat<'d. Tlu'se instructions appearinji', altera tew months" trial, to be not sulliciently explicit, the opinion of the (Jommissioner of Indian Ati'airs was s.y piitiMit ill yoii iK'(;«'pr 111 is iir.vstiiiio)iy lie (H)iuiiiissioii- wJio, if iiiiy, <»f '(1 to iiiidcr tlic (' siiiiH\ with a juice per acre ry lioHiity-hiiid I •; JUT day and our home, and VLKKH, Jomiuissioner. lary 17, 1S71. I no, icfcircd to lit, I have tlio 11(5!),) is still in S71, this Ollice and receivers, and under the !L', IS.Vt, slidiiM ra few nioiitlis' )nnnissi()!ier of thday ((f'.Imie, were issued as ClIirPKWA irAU'-IIRKKPS OK LAKK Sri'KinOK. 265 ]»er inclosed copy marked U. I'lider these rej^ulations thi're liuve been made up to dale Mil entries, etnliracin^ .'tl»,l.'l l.L'S acres. The applicati(»ns in these cases have not only sti ietly (uuiforiued to tlie reipiirementsof otiicial instiuetions, liiit in the majority of tlie (vises a ^ratnitouH guarantee has been appended in the i«)rm of a certitt- cate us Ut tlie respectahility and credihility «»f liu' corrolioralive wit- nesses. 'J liese «.erti(ieates bear Ihe si;;natuies of siudi onicers as jiidjics and (Icrks of district courts, Jud;4«-s and (lerks ol probate conits. county auditors, notaries public, (Jniteil States Indian agents, and ie<;isters and reeeiveis of I'liited States distri(;t laiul-olliees, and are acccun- panie jier nvw. has been pai«l in t:a.sh. The act of dune S, 1.S7L', Stats. 17, )i. .'510: In eontbrmity with the reeoiniu(>ndations of th(> (commission appointed under the said act, and in pursuance of tli*- instructions of the Secrctiiry of t!ie Interitu- to the (.'ommissioner of Indian Atlairs, a copy of which was transmitted to this Ollice under dat(Mjf June Hi, l.s7.», a(;tion has been taken as Ibllows: 1st. t)iie liuiidr«'d and thirty l(>catiI.'J2 acres at $ I. -M per acre, and of 400 acres at '^2.'tO per a(ae, of the said lauds have thus far been made. 4th. No entries of land under the said act have as yet passed to patent. oth. Upon i;{() s(!rip locations, embra(;iiiy I0.40U ac les, a(ftiou by this Ollice has been suspended, awaiting a decision from the Department upon an appealed (piestion of riyht between the scrip locators and the Northern Pacilic Railroad. Under dale of l.'ith instant tlu^ Secretary rendered a decision in the jjiemises, allirmin;;' the ri^iit of the s(;rip locators, and it now devolves upon this Oliice to issue instructions to the re^iisters and receivers of the proper land-oHices, authorizing entries of the said lands at >*'2.'A) per acre. The report of the Couimissioiier of Indian Atlairs, with accompany- ing papers, is herewith returned. 1 am, sir, very re pecttully, WILLIS miUMISIOXl), C'oinmiN.sionc)'. IIoii. C. Delano, ISecrcturi/ of the Interior, A. Dki'AU'1'3ient of TTTK iNTETirOlJ, Okm:k A L Land ( )iM'Tf'E. Washiiif/fon, J). T., yoiu'tnhtr '2'2, IS" I. Gkntlemex: F'eferring to my letter to you of LMIth ultimo, directina: the suspension of action on apjilication to purchase lands under the • " ». . 'I'i »■•■ i."*:,. «i V *■ »y^ «.»-"■ ;■ s Si '.■; I. ,■•: i 'iM ■ ,.>• 2(1(1 ciiii'ri'AVA ii.M,r-niM;r.i>s ok i.aki; sii'r.itioK. (fiitli iiifit'lr hciit.v Srpti'inlH'r .'»(>, |S,*t|. iiii*l sixlli iirliclc l\'l»iii;iiv _"_', IS.'i,*), with ('lii|>|M'>vii. Iiuliiiiis, I now diicrt lliiit ,mmi r<>)-t'i\i* no ii|)|)lir;i tiltllHOr tliat fJilSN llllloHH lIlC SilllM' iU'C i|r<'0||||tl|||ilMl l)\ lIlC lollnSVilin I'viilciicr ill .sii|»|M>rt nl' |li*> li^lii of tlic piilt.v to till' |M'ivilf<;i>s ol the trnil.v. to wit, iiimUm- llir tnitli iiiticlc oC llu^ tii'iilyol Scitti'inlii'i,, isrii; 1st. Til)' iitliiliiN it of tli«> iippliriiiil tiiiit lit* or sjii' was of lull im«' (L'l yviws) at tlic ilatr «•!' tiir Ircatv, ;»1; that tli** pai ly was icsuliii;; ill llio coiiiitry crtlctl or reserved at that d for was, at the dale of the treaty, occupied hy the party, and statin;.: how ocenpied. I'd. The sworn tesliinony of inie or more erediide witnesses in eor- roltoration of the allegations set forth in thealhdavit. .'>tl. This allidavit and testimony must lie sworn to l)efor(> either of you. or hefore an olllcer duly autluui/.ed to administ«'r oaihs. Mil. Where the application is made, lor lands emhraced in jiiiy of tlii^ existing' reservaliiuis made under said treaty, and wiiiidi may li(« in your district, the ri;i;lit of the ap|>!icant to the privile;;e of purchase iiiiist lie \erilied by the a^tMit. ot the Indians on the reservation emlirac iii;>' th(> land. i'mh-r the sixth article of treaty, I'\'lM'uary 'Jlf, IH.'i.'j: 1st. The allidavit of the parly that, at the date of the treaty, Fclirii- ury L'L', I. S.V). he or she was, of full iXjjH' (-1 years) and residing in the ('oiinli'y ceded by the lirsl article of tlietr»'afy ; that the parts was duly employed or residiii;;' therein under thi> autliority of the ('ommissitiner of liuiian AlVairs. superinteiideni (if Indian idVairs, Indian a;.>ciil, orsnii anient, naming in the allidavit the nature of his or her occupation, and the name ot the person from whom the authority wa.s derived, also the time when so occupicil. lM. The sworn testimony of ations set forth in the allidavit. ;>d. This allidavit and testimony to be sworn to before either of you, or before an ollicer duly authori/.ed to administer oaths. In the eases of missionaries you w ill not riMpiire the authority of the Indian aycnt, subayent, or Coinmissioner c/f Indian AlVairs to be pro- diu'cd. but the applicants must state in their allidavits that their pres- ence was not objected to by said a^cnt or Commissioner, and must prove that they were missionaries, acting- under the authority of some reli.uious society. When an ap|)lication is made, accompanie*! by the allidavit and |iroof hen'in reciuircd, yon will ascertain if the land is witiiin the couiiiry wherein tlu! party is authorized to purchase: and if so, and y«iii are satislied with the allidavit and proof, you will receive the same, and iKito the tract oil your records, as applied for, and transmit the testi- mony to this Dllice, when it will be immediately examined, and, if a;!- l»roved,you will be so notilied,so that the iiarty may perfect ids eiitiy. I inclose a diagram, sliowin,^ the limit of the lands ceded by tlie treaties, and the reservations within which the privilege of purchase is accorded. I also inclose a list of the suspended entries which were heretofore allowed ami which have not been patented, and you will notify tin' jiarties that they must conform to the re(|uirements of these iiisl ruc- tions within ninety days IVoiii dale of notice or their entries will l»i' canceled. *V '«.■; (MiiiM'KNVA iiAhr-i»m;r,i>s or i.aki; .sri'KUKHJ. 207 ■'t'ltiiiiii'v '2'2, l«' rollowilln •'y:t's Ml the iiiIh'I', IS:i| : lull i\\iV (L'l at I lie paily tc, illlll VVilS iiiiHsiiiiifi- III' ifiil, or siiii ipatiop, aiHJ «mI, also tli*> , at tilt' . |)i*'il. 'ssiv-i ill «'(ir- ir»' I'illicr of II any of IIk^ may ho in tit' piii'fliasi^ lion fiiiliiiU'- I'aty, Kt'lti'ii- (liii;^ ill tlic i't,\ was 'Inly oiiiiiiissioiici' ;it'iit, «)!' snh ipatioii, ami tt'il, also till' OS ill cturob- tlior of you, lority t»f the S tt> lit' |»l()- t llii'ir prt's- IllllSt pi'OVt! lilt' rt'liiiioiis til ami protil' tilt' foiinlry iiitl ytiii arc t' saint', and it tilt' tt'sti- , antl, it a;)- ft liis I'liliy. itU'd l)y tilt' puirliase is t^ lit'ivtot'ort' 1 notify tilt' it'st' instnic- ries will In' ,'.s tlit'st' piit'tii'S may siihinit till' atlililional proof rt'tpiirctl, ytiii will transmit !)i«^ saiiic, r<'f«'rriii<; to this h'ltfr, ami thi' niiiiilii'i- anil liatf t)f prt'vioiiH I'litry ; at thi'cntt of tlii' ninety tlays reptnl the mimes, nniiiltei' tif entry, ami traets t>f lami ttt thttse who Iiiim' I'aileil to respoml to the iiotiee, so that their entries may lie eaneeUiil from the reeonls. AtiKiiowletl^e the n ipt of this. ■ • N frv respt'clfully, WILMS |)!MJMM(»N!>, ' ' ('oniinixxionrr. Mi'MifiViM and |{i',t kim.u, hSuiiit ('Iniiil, I\liim. ' ' - I)i;i'AliTMKNT (tK Tilt; iNTKUKHf, (iKNKItAI, IMNI) Ol'I'K K, WnsliitHihnij />. ('., fhiiir -."», IS?-. (il'.NTlJ'.MKN : rmler of l.'Uli ultimo, this Olliei^ addresseil n com- iiiiinin to theCominissioner ol (mlian Atfairs, retpiestiii;;' an expres- sion of his tipinittn as tti the seope a ml intent of the tenth artiele of t lit) treaty of Septeinher IW, isril, and tht^ sixth artiele of the treaty ol I"'el»- riiary L'L', IS'ut. T\\v reply tif the. Iltiii. < 'oinmissioner, tlated <»th instant, is now liefoie me, ami is siihstantially a etmeiirreiiee in my views in the |)i'eiiiises. I liavt^ tlierefort) ttt state, ftir your informatittii ami ^iiidam^e, in ilealiii}^' with appli<;atioiis tti enter lamls iimler the prt>visions tif the said treaties — 1st. That the privilej-'e eonfened is striefly iiersoiial in its eharae- ter, ami eaiinot lu^ rt';;iirtletl as extemliii;; tt> willows or tlescendin^ to lieirs of detteasetl jiersons who, if livinj-', woiiltl he eli<;ihlt^ L'tl. That I'cmcH corrrt, or wives who wert^ resitiiii;; in the ceiled iloinain at saitl ilate, in (■oiijiinetion with their hiishaiitls and seivaiits, or umployi's of families tlomieiletl with ami ftirmin^' a part tlieret)!', aru not entitletl to tlii^ saitl privilt';,^'. .'{il. That llm only eiisa- tion receivetl. Very respectfully. Register and h'EfiEiVKR, IS<(int Cloud, Minn. AVILLIS DRUMMONI), (JomminHionvr. 1 h : I 'A i. '"•*' I"* ,t '.. r' i. .•••!■ 2()8 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Department of the Tntekior, Office of I?jijian Affairs. Wash i in/ton^ IK (\, Febrnary 20, ISTl. Sir: Ticferriiij'' to Office, report of tlic sei-oiul iiistiint, in vi'Spdiiso to a resolution of the I'nited States Senate, dated the L'Ttii nltimo eailinf"- for iiiforniution, I now have the lionoi to transmit herewitii a ''opy of the majority and minority reports, (tofi'ether with accomjtany- in<>' papers,) of tiie commission appointed unih'r ress, ajtproved .Iiuie S, 1872, entitled "An act to perfect certain laud-titles liierein described.-' • Very resi»ectfullv, vour obedient .servant, KUWD P. s:\nTir, CommLs.sioner. The Hon. Secretary of the Interior. No. 1. Saint Paii., Minx., Xonmhr) a.">. l-T'2. Sir : In nrconlnnce with iiistrnctions (■ontiiiiicd in voiir IctterH of .Iiilv 1'), ]r*7]>. IDUI July — , IH72. (It'siiriiiirin^ Tliomas ('.Jones. Eil\viirli"t" iindci' provisions of IIk; ac-t of C'on>f|-i'ss of June H, \i^72, entitled •• Aii act to |teileel certaiM ianini);uiy- Iiil.v s, istL*, ' the Dcpiirt ^s, npprovi'd itk'S tlit'ieiii JITH, llllUi^siotH')'. mh) ','.-). 1>7','. ly ir.. l-'T'J. iiii.l >;iiiji K. K\\\'^ II in^ rcli"!' iiiidfi' ])t'irc('l ccirMiii nil., wlicrc tlicy , on the liny ,v() (tf tlic iliiily lie city of SMinr i(Mi to lie scl'Vcil said Wilson to it, (liiriny; which iriiiH I hi- utti'ii- loiiin paitics I'c- y he jiicsi'IiIcmI, to iiii'ct at till' ipci's as l)i't'o' 0. )il to 1)1' ,'1 laiiii' >oli.--, ,'ittoi'in'ys, liny; us the (Ita- lic li't*^' IS ot iii- Ity i>aiti('s wlio catcs issued to ■oiu'lmled at I, a leh persons ac- ' liH'atioiis were to aseertainiiii; Colijil'ess. s ascei'taiiied to v'eretary of tin' I'd with cash or lettiT of C'oiii- rties interested lis were held in [in indill'eii'nre lie (jloveiilMienf r of the certili- 1110(1 to he piir- 2(1. Tlie (Oaims of tliose wliose locations were based '.i])oii what are calltul " per- soiiitl applications" iiia(l(t at the land-oflice liy the liaif-lireeds. 15oth classes rested upon the claiiii.s of [lersons who wel•t^ not entitled under the treaty of \a\ I'oiiite, liecaiise not at that time heads of families, or sin;;le persons of the iiiiNcd hlood of the Chippewas of Lake .Superior over the ajio of twenty-one years, and I'lust Thi'refor(! ho rej^arded as void under the order of the Secretary of the Interior of >..iicli IH. \^7-i. The jiaities, tlieretore, elaiminj? under these iireteiided personal applications had no valid cl;iim in law or ('(piity ae;aiust the (loveriimen^. Tlu! claims of the oritiiiial parties beiujj fraudulent and invalid, and not in their nature iief;otiable, and declared not to he assijjnabhi in any form, the assijrnee, however honest an(l innocent of tiie oriy;inal fraud, ac(|uiiv(l nothini; by his purchase. Nor was it the i>uri)ose of the act of Conjrress, notwithstandiiij;- the lau;^uaj>e of its title, to r('co;;nize (M' jiive Viilidity to these (daiiiis or their trjinsfer. This act provides '' that the Secretary of the Interior is hereby aiitliorized io permit Ihf piirrliase iritli ciish, «v with military lionnty-land warrants, of such lands as may liav(! been located with claims aiisin<; under the seventh clause of tin? second arlicli^ of tlie treaty of Se|itember ;!(), l."^.">l, at such ]uice p.'r acn^ as tht! Secretary of the Interior shall deem c(iuitalde and projiei', but not at a less )uiee than .Sl.'i.") i)er acre, ami that the owners and holders of such claims in (iod faith, and that the hica- tions made iiiidiM' such claims have been madt; in uood faith, and by innocent holders of the same.'' Tiiis is the whole of the act of ('oii;iress enabling;; tile Secretary of the Interior to jiiant relief as now asked by these ifi- tl le construction fonmu-lv iciv(Mi to the treatv, which allowed the Chippewasof mixed Idood to (daiiii its benetits without establishing; any (onii('(ttioii with tli(! Chippewas of Lake Superior ; and lindiiii"' that only the "-iT."* pi'r- sons who had leeeived certilieates known as tin; (iilbert scrip, and 4.") perstms jiieii- tioned in the re[)oit of Ajfent Sniitli and the report of a former coiumissioii iieriMii.iiad cstaldished any ciaiui to be initit led under .said treaty, and also declariii<;- that " all the so-called scrip issued iimhsr this titjaty, exceid such as is (leiiomiimted ' (iilbert scrip.' is so tainted iiy actual and clearly established frauds )>raetic(ul in issuinj;it under tht! construction before, veftMi'ed to as, in my opinion, to di^iuive these certili(;ates of any value or validit\', even for the purpose of deteriiiiniiijf the identity of the iiersons en- titled to the beiielits of the treaty." Clearly, if the jiarties now askiiifi relief participated in the frauds practiced in issninjj; this scrip, or h;ul kiiowied;;e of them at or bebuc they ai'(|nired the interest now (daine'd : that is, if they in any way aided the persons to lu'ociiri! eertilieates, wlio were now a to lie not entitled, >tv |Mirchast d. or suspect in;H' that, they had lieeii thus fraudulently ot)taiiied, such claimants arc not entitled to the benelits of this act. In res]»ect to these matters, they are rciiuircd to show that they are innocent, and liold their ( l.'iims in ;;;dijd lailii. All the ])arties wlio-ie claims are enibr.'iced in this repo .f tl le cirei.iiiistanccs iinde ihich the certilicatt i.ssiied, and the constriictioii j;iveii to the laiigua;>i' of llie treaty dispensiii;; with |)roof (d' the connection of the lia If- breeds with the ( 'liijipewas ot Lake .Superior, ».V:c., and all the circumstances coii- nceted with the niakiiij;-of the locations. This testimony, taken liefore the cominisslDU )iy an oflicer aiitliorized to take depositions, is herewith transmitted, and the cx.iiniiia- tioii will be found to la; thoroii;;h and si'art hini;'. as in mir opinion the demands of jus- tice re(|nire, where parties anM'xamined as witnesses in their own liehalf. The eomniission has also tiikeii the testimony (d'siieh other parlies as they supposed had any coniiection with thi'se transactions, or sindi knowledge of theiu as would ena- ble 111. 'in to throw lii;ht upon the matter under in\ estimation. This testimony reveals a reckless carelessness in luakiii;; larjje purcliases, and wo think, on the piirt of many of the claimants, ^nilty ));irtieipatioii in an ingenious de- vice to evade the onleis ol t 'h' d'overninenl. mad(! under the law , decl.'iriii;;' the inten^st of tin' hall-breeds iinas.siHn^ilde. Indeed, as I Ik'sc cert ilicates were so declared oii tlieir face, the fact must be assumed to haxc been known to every )uir( hasei. To evade tliis judvision made to protect the half-breed tVoiii the acts of those who sluuild attempt to tal idvantani' ot his iirnorance and his necessities, two poueis ol attorney were atla(died to ciuh eei t ilicate, mit! authori/'.in;^' entries to he made of kinds, by an attorney on beliali td' the half-breed, and the other aiithorizinij; convey- ance to he made of these lands after ii.ileiils should he procured. V t Ik:.- -l..!'^^ r- .. r.V' ■'».■ ■■*,■ ••*!' •r a"" li'v. ■f'tli !|«. ■., • • 111. X: 270 CHIPPEWA lEALF-DREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. These jinwers were in blank as to naim-sof tlio attorney, the description of tlio, lands and iiersons to wliont conveyances hLoiiM bt; nuulo, and wijre tlins transferred tVoni lian(t to iiand, and were li^nnd for sale in tlu; banks in tiie cities of 8aint Pan", and Min- Deapolis. Of conrse these ])ai)ers, beinj? a frandnlent dtn'ico to defeat the. [mrposes of tins law, were of no validity whatever, and beinj^ deeds execnted in blank, woidd li;i\ c bt!(!n rendered invalid if tilled np after delivery. They wtsre, moreover, in their nutm-c, revokable at the pleasure of the half-breed. The commission is deeply sensiidc that great wronjjs have been done by frandnlent practices of this sort, to defeat the clforts of the Government to protiict tlii! ignorant half-breeds. But this does not appear to be the fraud to which reference is made in the act of Congress as excluding parties from its benelit, although it is believed to be high tinu; ibr the Government, in vimlication of its own dignity, to declare that it will no longer tt>lerate these evasions of its policy. But in respect to the fraud.s in issuing the -.lertificates, or in procuring them to he is- sued, ill violation of the true construction of the treaty, or to parties not entitled under its provisions, wo do not tind that any of the parties whose claims are here r(;portid are in any way implicated. Indeed, the testimony tends to show tliat these ]iarties Lad very little knowledge, and nnide no in([uiry on that siibject. Their attention, it is believed, was not directed to it, the parties who got up the scheme having managed it with wonderful prudence and caution. A considerable portion of the claims presented to the commission are for locntioiis not mad(! under certilicates, but under personal applications made by the half-breed at the land-ofli('e. A printed form seems to have been prepared for these applications by J. P. Wilson, aftt!)' consultation with the registi^r of the Saint Cloud land-oHiee. When an a))i)li(.ii tion of this sort was made, the tract applied for was designattMl on the plat. Many of the half-breeds were unable to sptrak or understand the English language, but the oath \vas always administered in English, witlmut exjilanation. The gi^neral practice was to purchase the interest of the half-breed before the claims ■were approved at Washington. These half-breeds came from the Pembina region, and some of thom from across the British line and some from Fort Garry. The abdications of husband and wife were both received without question, as well as the claims of the half-l)reeds from Canada, and this under the pretense that siicli things h.id b(H;n ai)pros-ed at Washington. But it appears that the only inforuiation tlu! oliicers at Washington had was such as was transmitted from the local ollices, •whudi Ticver disclosed the objectionable matters hero referred to. The liuids sele<;ted by these half-breeds living ou the Red River and Canaila were situate in Cass County, ou the Mississippi River and its tributaries, and liapi)ened to be a very superior ([uality of pine-lands, but the pretended half-brecids of Cliippewas of Lake Sui»eiior knew nothing of their value or location, the selections being, iu fact, made l)y tlie paities who were dealing with tlHsm. Till . .i[)plii'!itions were freciueiitly left blank as to the descriptions of the lands, its were the jiowers of attorney, as to the pe'sons to whom they were to lie conveyed, tlumgli the barj^ain,'; for the purchase se(un to have been made in every instance before the ai)plieations were made at the land-ollice. These aiiplications iiiiist all be regarded as fraudulent and void, under the order of the Secretary of the Interior, iilready ([uoted. There is, in fact, no pretext of evidence to show that the, jiersoiis in whose name they were, made were half-breeds, related to the (Jliipiiewas of Lake SuiKuior, twisnty-ime years of age, or heads of families at tlu! date of the iKdbie-mentioiied treaty, and, thi^'efore, by the literal aiiplicatiou of tlic act of ■Iniie H, IST-J^ tiic li()ldiTsof claims under these ap[ilications wonhl not beeiitillcil to ridief under it, tliough they ae(|uired their claims without knowlt'dge of this fraud, and are now innocent holders; for the act renuires that the Secretary of the. Interior shall be satisfied, not only that the claims are held in good faith, " but also that loia- tioiis miide under such claims have been made in good faith, and by innocent holih'rs of the same." But this I'videutly has reference to the locations made under certilicates, kaviuy those made by personal apidications without any express iirovision applicable to tliein. But it oci Hired to us that the holders of these (dainis were in eiiuity as mindi en- titled to relief as those holding under certilicaces, and ought to be governed by the same principh;. We therefore took testimony in rehdion to them, and have since received inslructions from the Acting Secretary of the Interior to iiu Imle them in our reitort. The locations in thi^se cjises have not been made in good faith, as the act re(|uires; but if this clause is to be lu'ld as applying only to locations niadt^ under certilicates, which we li(dieve, were, in most ciises, nunle by or for juesent hohhus, we can scu; a very good reason lor its application, which docs not exist as against those claiming iiiuh'r the ])ersonal iip- jilications, .iiid who, if ignorant of the fraud in making them, may be regarded as iu- uocent holders. )R. CHIPPEWA HALF-RREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 271 ;ion of the lands, triiiisfiiTfil tVom lit Paul and Min- i tilt' ltlU|>().SH8 l)t' auk, would luivc r, iu their iiiitmc, fily Hensililf tliMt loi'ciit the eltbrt.s ulo in tlie act of I to be liif^h tiiiit! it will 110 longer \i>lications, sums ranging from !iscribed in the treaty ; nm- can it be said that the order of the Secretary of the Interior inaking this adjudication is unjust, because it makes jirovisions for any persons named in these lists claiming to hv Chippewas of mixed blood within the meaning of the treaty of La Pointe to apjiear before tho inoper iigent and make jtroof of tins same, in the manner provided in the order. It is believed that the 27S persons to whom the Gilbert .scrip issued, and the 45 per- sons lucutioiied In the re]iort of Agent Smith and the report of the prior commission herein, embrace all the Chijipewas of mixed blood that are so entitled; but if it is claimed that there are others among those to whmn this scrip issued or who made per- Bonal applications, here is ample opportunity for them to establish their claims. The (Toverunieut has only set asiile the pretcniled evidence heretofore taken as so tainted with fraiuLas to be of no validity for any purpose. Cases now befon) us therefore are assumed to be without any just foundation to rest ujion, and the present ludders are allowed to make luirchase of the lands that have Vieeii stdecttd on the ground that they may have been misled by the fraudulent or neg- ligent conduct of ))arties in the employ of the (iovernmeiit. It is urged in behalf of these [larties that it would be equitable to consider what they have jiaid in the purchase of this so-called scrip and the interest of those who made the iiersonal applications. While the (Tovernment, as nell as an individual under similar circumstances, would be disposed to 'y \)vv acre. In making t!icse pureh.ises the parties were aware that they were incurring pretty setioiis risks. The lands were not in the market nor .subject to entry, and some of them were not even surveyed. Ibit it was important that those dealing iu piue-lar.ds should secure choice pieces in advance of the general public, and tor this, ov even a chance deiiending ujioii the coii- tiugeiicv of a conveyance l»y the half-bivd or his attorney after issuing of the imtent, they were willing to tiay their money. linder tin; act of .luue 8, 18T'2, those holding in good faith are not merely to be per- mitted to hold the coiitinger.t interest they supposed they inircliased from the half- breed, but to stand as a direct purchaser from the Government, with a valid and per- fect title. Nor is it consistent with justice to allow, as has been claimed, a charge against the (ioverninent for the it N true tli.'it ) mrciiasc.M o t' lliiN s Noil liavc iii'fii inadi' to noiiu- cxIcili !•> t< uihI it may Ix' I hat 'ocal ollicrrs iinliiccily aiili'd it ; hut iiow i-oiiltl tiu> inaltcr coinr to till' kliowlctlf;!' ol I'.ic tJovcI'liini'lit .' Tlif arraii<- lo )iiirchase what was in ils nature not nejiotiahle, with a knowleilne ili;i|, ils no.;otiatioii was |iroliihited hy the (ioverninent, and must therefore, accordiiiL: lo I'Very rule of law and Justice, he held to luirehase snltject to (>very inllrniily the tliiii;,' liai'iaiiicd for had in the hands of the ori;;'inal holder. In aiiv vi< >f tl le case Ihrv are not inasiliiation to claim that the (ioverniueni led them intoihe hiisiness, .inci iiinst therefore lose hy creilitin;;' them with the exiienses incurred and money paiil In niaUni<; the jtiircliases. We ha\e taken testimony of parlies and their ap'iits where they appear lo he in- formed in ri't;ard to the characler aiid value of these lands, ami of such other |>i'isiiiis as we could tiiid who had the information n(>cess,'iry to form an opinion of their v.'ihic. Mr. T. M. Walker, iulcrcsled in the claims )ucseiiled hy the linn of Ihiller iV Wiilkii-, and as liaxinj; iiiade selcclions for II. T. Welles, in which he appears to have a cdmIiii- ;;ciit interesl. and also who jucseiits a larne amount of claims in his own ri;;hl, snins e\cecdln<;ly familiar with all tlit^ lands included in the locatimis claimed hefoii' ijie commission. This witness juits the ]Mice at from ■^'t tosld jier acre, .-ind thinks the liiud ciniiiinl by Walker ;iiid lliitler iV Walker, in the sprinj;df I'^Tl, at an averaj;e of '^l! peraiir: says he h;is liccn more or less over the lamls claimed hy other parties helore the luin- )ii. and that they will avi'iii;;'!' o.OllO feet of •r per iicre ; the hesi S.diiil CtI, and some forty-acre lols will average lil.diKI feet per acre ; that they are mostly f.i a lily loc.ilcd tor dii vin;;' the tons. (Tiie lo^s, si umpa.nc, according to all I he tcslirnony, are worth from .s-J.fiO Ios;{ per thousand feet.) William 1'. .\nkiiev, whose linn, Auknev, I'elit \' K'ohinsoi acres licfiiK the commission, si I n.'itc and ahoni ei|iial in per thousand feel for stiiiiip;iu:c. The tiriii to which this witness helonifs is anion^ tho lai'}j;est inainifactnr.v W. W. Hale, another cliiiinaut and liiinbcriiian, puts the valutM?r the f^O acres claiiiicd M: limi at sti.'iO ]ier ;irre, ililan Mlack. who has heeii :i land-surveyor for the last lil'leen years, savs he has oxamincd the lands near I'okcjioma l^akc, where most of these lands are silualed, ai that they were wurlh in Ir'iVJ or If'Td as follows: Lands in — Townshi]) .").■), raii,q;e ','(!. at $7 to ^jiS ])er jicre. 'i"owiishi|> II!.', raiine H(l, at !?."> to iijs jii'r acre. rau^e :U, at §4 to ifs per acre. Township Iliil, i Township 1 1(1. S Township fi'-i. ) .,,. . ..,. , .. , „, I • '-•> ; ranjri? ~'ti, at ■•?(> to ?f.i i J ow nsliip .).i, ^ " ' I '1 'I'ow nsliip III, ranne v.'-'. at ^{\ to !jH per acre ler acre. Town 1 :'..-. •■i'.K at ST toS^ jicr acre. That these lamls have advanced in value at the rale of I'J per cent. ))er annum siiKc, that period. .lonathan Chase, a lumherni;in of ex)iericnce, juits the land ahoiit Pokenoma L:ikcat ahout js'.t per acre, and the lands of Ihitler A Walker at silt per acre. The ciVect of all the leslimoiiy before the c(Piiiniission leads us to believe llnil thesis lands are worth at private sale from live to ei^lil dolljirs )ier acre. Ihil, accordliiL; to the scale of prices which have generally ruled at ))ulilic sales of such hinds hy and ion, the (Jovenimeiit, unless some nieasurcs were adopted for protection a;;'ainst a cnmliina- " • " " .... .. I ii ow I llcsc tioii of bidders, would not, in our o|tiiiion, realize more than .S'---"'" l"'i' acre, " !i seems to us that it would be • ci|uitalile and projier' for the (ioverument to allow I claimants to [mrchase their entries at such rates as tlie (ioviinimiMit would be likely to reieiM' in its own niarkei. ' Whether the amount likely to be reali/ed in such ma j;reater or less than our estimate, as ;ib rket at this period would Ix an hi' belter deterniilled from the iciiinls of the Gcuural Land Ollicu of sales of piiic-laiids hercloloro mado in this folate, and boiu Cllll'l'l-WA lIALl'-ltUKlUiS <>1' LAKK SUI'KUIOU. 273 II otlicr siiiiihu' to HOllll' CXll'lll. ■ lllllltcr fiMiii' Id iiiiiiiicati'il III 111' I to till' li:iir- ivr.viii;^ the ImihI miily wIhtc ilu' Miiy liK'iil (illiiT lower to sell, ;it- kllii\vlc(l;i(' lli:i|, n't'. arcnnliii^ m iniiily tlic tliiuj; of llit> cnnc liny 1(1 IlllsillCSS. .'Illll I inoiify paiil ill ii]i|H'iir to 111' iii- I'li iillii'r in'i-iiiiis II of llit'ir v:iliii'. SlltllTlV Wlllkrr, III ll.'lVC Jl fllllllll- iWll rijillt, srriils limed liel'iiie llie lie liinii cliiiiiii'il I! of Sti |)er Mrrr ; I liel'iil'C I lie riiiii- e 1m>sI S.OIIO C'l'l, M'l' iiioHtly 1,1 \ 111 - ill the test iiiiiiiiy, '■IW acres lii't'iiio it is worth IVom t lor stiiiii)i;ij;i'. tiii'iM.s of liiiiiUi r 81) acres cliiiiiied ears, says lie liiis ai'c situated, and ])(M' aillllllll silire ikej;iiinii l/ilKc ;it, lievo that tlii'si^ 'lilt, accoriliiiL; to aiids liy aiiclioii, iiiiist a coiiiliiiiii- ler ai'i-e. '■ ami iL lit to allow \hr>.i: oiild lii^ likely 111 |peiiod would I'l' friiiii the recorils s State, and fioMi the re.siiKs of the |iiiu'-Iaii(I • ales in the iiniiiediate vicinity of those entrieM under con- idei'iitioii, which are crileied for Ilie iiionihs of |)i4ci'iii1iei mil .faiiiiai'v next eiiHiiiii};. Tho coniiiiisNion linii the followinir |iersoiis entitled to iiiirehasi! lands, iiiiiler tl |ini visions of flio act of ,)iiiio ^, I"^*".', vi/, : ( {'"or description of en t lies see Schedule A.) T. 1$. Walker and Ihiller Hi\ty-ei;;lit entries, of eighty acres each ; total (ivo thoiisiind lonr Imiidrcd and forty acrcM. T. 15. Walker, twenty entries of ei;;hly acres each, total sixteen himdred iicrcs. W. W. Ilalc, one entry, ei;;lity acres, S. A. Harris, three entries, two hiindred and forty acres. (ieoi'nc IJ, Wright, Windoin iV l>a\idsoii, t wo entries, one hundred and sixty acres. JiuKe Sii|it!rior and I'liycl r^oiintl ('oiiiiiany,ciKlil<'<'n entries, fonrtcci! hundred and I'oi'ty attrcH. J'liiHlinaii, llovey & Co., ci^Iit entries, six hmidred and forty acres, 11, T. Wtdls, thirty-live entries, I wenty-eijfht hmidred acres. S. VV. rarnhain and I-ovejoy, four entries, three hundred and twi'iity iicres. I'^arnhain, J^ov«',joy \ (iill)llaii, thirteen entries, ten hundred aixl ei;r|ity acres. 1). Morri.son, forty-.six entries, thirty-six hundred and seventy-four i",,",, aisles. Morrison, W indoiii «.V Kiiij{, forty -one entries, thirty-threi^ hundred and lifly-ei;;ht i\',\, acre.H. Aukney, I'etit, iV Itoliiiison, three entries, two hundred and forty acroH. 'J'olal, t we.nt.v-one thousand and seventy-three if,,, acres. Att to tlu) claims of \V. S. ('haiinian, we have only to report that, in answer to our iiotict) sent to him on the M of Septemlier, a letter was received from him of liie date of (tcfolier 1!), iuiiiiiriii;.; what he was rei|uircd to do to avail himself of the heiietits if till! act under which the conimissioii was proceed iiii^, which hotter was imiiii/diately iiiiswered and a full statement of the testimony reijiiired. He was also notilicd that the commission would he in session at .Saint Paul as late as Xoveniher yd, after which date his tesliuiony could he sent to the chairman at Delaware, Ohio. 'i'liis is tJut last inforiiiation wc Live of .Mr. ('Iiaiinian's (daini. An iip)>licutioii lias also heen prcM'iited hy Henry Heard, csij., an nttornoy at Wash- ington tJity, on hchalf of ,]ohn I), 'erry, of Saint I-oiiis, inakiii'^ iiu|iiiry as to the ua- turo of the teMtimony n'<|iiired hy i he commission, to which full answer was roturned iiiiuKHliately. The. date of this apiwcr was Xovemher the 7lh. Mr. Heard has siiico written that, as his client is in I'liiroiie, it will re(|uire some time to pr(;|)are. his testi- mony, hut that he will forward it as soon as jtosHiltle, The lands claimed hy Mr. I'erry are ill (,'olorado, and are understood to he the only enlrics in that Ti'iritory rcporti^das snhject to tilts order of the Secretary of March 111, H71. 'J'hi! coininissioii is also iii receipt of a furtlicr conmiiiiiication from the. attorney of Corhett, heretoforo mentioned in this re)iort, statin;; that they cannot now present his case, for the reason that they have not lieeii ahle to hear from him or to learn his ad- dress, thou^rh they suppose him to he somewhere in the Territory of Utah. The commission have reason to suspect that, after examination of the descript ionn (if till) entries claimed hy Corhett, now for the lirst time furnished to us, it is proliii- lile, that. I. I*. Wilson, of Saint Cloud, is interested in these locations. If we were s;it- islied that Wilson was thus iiiterested we should have no hesitation in rcjectiiij; tlieso claims, on the eround that the person,'! liiations of the half-hreed on which the en- tries were made weni fiauduleiit ly pi' i iired, and that Wilson aided in the scheme, as is conclusively shown hy the testimony of Charles (iilmaii ami olliijis, herewith for- h'd. d hy the. report id" the I'lnnier conimissioii wa r< 'I'lie suspicion that Mr. Wilson is interested in these idaims, and the helief that he may lie disposed to ;;et his claims hefore the coMiiiiission or the ,Seer(d.ary of the Interior, is streiij^theiied hy his letter to the. eoinmission, alreaily referred to and herewith for- waided, in which he speaks of clainis as hein^' " ;;dod iiiitil shown to he, frandiileiit," iiml that he has "no cdaims to ]ire.sent at this tune," \c. 'I'he utteiition of the commission is respectfully invited to the entries at the Taylor's Falls land-odice, j^iveii in the; list furnished t!ie, cominission as snhject to the order of tlu! Secretary of tlie Interior. With these exceptions, these entries an^ sitiiattMl within the Mille Lac reservation, which is still occiiiiicd hy the rndians, mid tin; entries, as we iiiidtM'stand, iiiivini^' lu.'cn, lor this reason, alrea,ly canceled at the hical land-ollice, wo biive declimxl to consider any claims arising; under (hem. ScdiiMluIe H shows such of these entries as art) claiiii(;d hy H. T. Wells, and rojoctcd iiiissioii. asoii to helieve that other similar claims will he presented to entries ou liy the com We have this rc'scrvation and iirjfed Itefme the liepartment. Kcsiitietfnlly suhiiiitted hj your co/iimi.^>.ioii Hon. F. A. W.vi.KKit, CoiniiiinHioiicr of liidian Affaiiti. 18 II B S T. C. .lONKS. l.UW. r. SMITH. :,:t : ■ ■ • I". . , 'K '■■' •'■'' 274 CHIPPEWA IFALl -IJREKD.S OF LAKE SUPERIOR. No. 2. Wasiiincitox, I). C, Di'cinihif i;{, H7'.), Slii; On tlii^ :'.lfst of July Inst, I wan iiotilitMl l».v Hon. F. A. Wiilker, Coiiiinissioncr of Iiuliiin AlVairs, tliat I liixl, liy your (liicrtioii, Ikm'Ii iii>|ioiiir<>(l "u coiiiiiiiMHioiifr to Ix- a'«s(M iated witli Hon. T. ('. .Jones, of l)t;l, 'vuif, Ohio, antl Edward P. Smith, ajjdnl for tilt) Chippewa Indians of tlit.> Mississippi, lo iiivt-stij^ato tin; claims of nucIi parti It's us may assert a ri;;lit to iniicliase, with cash or military bonnty land-warrants, tlio land reft in (1 to in an act of Ctjnectfully bej^ leave to submit to you brietly the reasons which impel me to tlisscnt fioiM stnue of tlie conclusions arrived at by (he majority of the comniittt^e. The act id" June "•, l"«T'i, under which this commission was appointed, reatls as ft)llows : •' That tile Secrtdary of the Interior be, and he is liendiy, anthorlzetl to permit the jinrchase, witli cash or military biuinty land-warrants, of such laiiils jis have biTU located with claims aii-iui{ under the seventh clause td" the Heet>ntl artitde of tin- ti'eat.v nl' Septeiubef thiiticlli, ciji.iteen luinilreil antl til'fy-four, at such price jieraere as the .'^cc- retaiy of the iriterii(r s!iall deem etjuitable ami proper, but ntit at a less prit:e than uiie dolliir antl tvcil y ii\'c cents i)er a- if, antl that the t)wnt!is and holdiu's of such liiiins in i':'i(ii'. faith h<' :i!si> permitted to complete their tMitries anil perfect their titles iiiniti such -.iiiins nt on . ompliance with tht^ terms abovt; im-utitmeil : I'roridiil, That it sli.ill be shiiwn \o li • satisfacti.ui of the Secretaiv t)f tht! Interior that saiil cla ims are In Id by iiMiDceiit paiti s ill uootl faith, antl that tht- Itx'ations maile niitler such claims liav( been j^ji) I taifli ant! iiv innocent holilers t)f the same It'vii. be tiutieed that the act abovtMiuotirtl invests the Sccivtary '^.f the Interi with I dl )^t)wcl■ to adjust the claims referretl tt), in such manner as may to him ' CtiUi ' >lll( t! )ii()|vei-," only restrictiny; such action id' the Si -ictary with tht- provi-n that siieli claim JiMis' i)e held " l)y innocent parties in jjooti iaith."antl that the juiee (ixetl npt)U tilt! l.iiiils shall not be "less than tuie thdlarand \ wcnty-liviM'ents (ler acic.' The established 7"i, in the case ii reiiuhitlii;^' the sales td' the |)ul>!ic hinds are, liy the act td' .li f tl lesf lanil^. suspentletl, antl thev are, with tlii' liuiitati OUS llleM- ■rall tiouiil, subj, ct to sale to eeit'tin jpail ics at such prices as tlie ."Secretary uiay. iind tie eircuiiislaiices ot the case, '• tleeui e U till •t. N or IS the iiimi- imi of the commission in any way binilju;; upoii the .'>ecreta.iy, luit so far as the col- lection of facts and pit seiitatioii til' testiiiHuiy unes, it may lie an aiil to the .Secretary, ill anivinj; at a proper conclusion as to an '•ci|iii table antl proper'" atljiistment of tlicT The e.\aiiiiiiatitiii of the several pa: ties ciaiiniiii; luitier the act was conducted by the laiinian i>f the ctiiiiniittec. Hon. 'J'. (.'. .Jciies, in a most searchiiii; ami aiile maniur. chaiinian i>f the ctmunittt The reportctl testinmny will show that iKithiiij;- which the most ri^iitl ami impartial in- vest ma tioli could elicit is 1; iiitl stdtlom, if c\fr, was a cummitti'C more earnest in iis etVorts to j>-et at the trir^i., or intirt successful in obtaining it. Tl le duties oi' the coiumiE dearly set fort I the letter of tin; ('ommissioiui of Iiiilian Ali'aiis, under tl.i'.e of .July I'l, IST'J, as follows: '• It will b(! the tliity ol' the cominissioii to iiuiuire and repoi t to tliisOlhce what |ier- s >ns in their t)pinioii, ii .my, art; entitled to an; b 'nclit under tlie provisons of the al'on- iiientioiietl act. » « " After havine- ascertain, il to tiie best of their opinion who. it any. .ire entilletl to ]>uitdiase the lantls referr"ii to untler the ai't. the conimissioiiei will make an appraiseiiieiit of the s Inteiior at what (iriee jier itli a \ iew to ailvisiiii; (iic SeiMBtary of the the siiiil lamls sin, II he sold, if imrtdiaseil with cash m militaiy bounty land-warrants, uinler the ])i't)visions of the aid "The ]>articular tracts of laiitl lel'eireil to in the act arc tleliniti ly sid forth in the letter of ('iimiiiissioiier Walker litd'ore ndeiretl ti., a-= follows: "The coiiiniissifm will be t'lirnished by the Hon. (,'iiiiimissioner of the (ieneral Laiid- Ol'tiee iri7/( (i list of llir hiidlioiix nfirri'(l tit. wliitdi ba\i' not been )iatenteil." ^\■ith the legality ol' the scrip iintler which these lantls were cnieinally located ilie comini.s.Hion liatl nothing- to tlo, but, as 1 nndcrstaiitl, it was conlinetl io two specilied points of in(|uiry ; 1st. Wile are " iniioeent liohl ers 111 eiKK 1 faitl M' the idainis referii d tl ant ill. Whai amouiiT, niidci all the cireiiiiistaiiees. is ••et|uilable and proper'' these par- ties sliouhl pay foe the lands claimeti by tlieiii. respectivtdy ? As to the first jioiiit above statetl. there was. 1 bidieve, no material ilitfcrenco of oiiiii- ion anion;r the incmbeis of the cominissiou. but they were fully satistietl that the [lar- tiesnamcii in the sehedule accon.'pauyiiiji the majority report were, in the meaiiiiii? ot the L'ommissioiiir V set I'tirth ill tin CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 275 (li(! act of .'uiio 8, IHTii, innocent lioldcrs in good faitb, and entitled to the rulief con- tt'nudatcd l»y Haid act. Tiii'st; " certilicates of identity," or "scrip," as it was generally designated, had for fifteen years been bonght and sold in the markets ; they had been created at the sev- eral local land-olHces by "jjower of attorney," and this power of attorney hail always accoin]>anied the scrip to the (ieiieral Land-Otlice; and, in dne course of time, the ]iatent had issued on the location. So general had this practice become and so univer- sally had it been believed to be not only legitimate and proper but strictly in accord- ance with law, that men on whoso names uo breath of suspicion had ever rested, and whose honesty and integiity had never been plicatioiis"' was reiuovi'd liy the letter of the Assistant Secretary of the Interior, instriictiiig us to place tiiesi> claims in tiie same, category with the locations of certilieates, ami wliich was >o manifestly Just and )ii()|ier lii:it tile only wonder is that it was not as pointedly exiircssed in tlic li'tter as it was ii. till) spirit of the act itself. Tlie ililliculties in the way of a satisfactory auswi'r ro the second point before the ciimniission, and upon which there steini.Ml to be radical ditfereiices of opinion, are neither i'rw nor small. Not a single witness could swear, or even guess, how niueli was |>aid thv the scrip with which any certain tract of land was located, or lix an intelligent estimate of the value of such tract, and even those witnesses who had made .selection of pine-lands a spt'cialty for many years, and who miglif. therelofe, lie deemed "e.\i>erts," could only make loose, vague, and general estimates, which really served to confuse ami bewilder, Hither than to aid in reaching any i>iaetieal result. A recapitulation of the testimony as to value of serin and land claimed will exliil)it this in a striking manner. is the testiuKUiy of W. W. I i..'. , who claims two pieits, or KW acres. Mr. Hale swears he paiil r^iSiO an acre for scriji land worth not to exceed ■" an acre, and about s* I an acre to locate; siipposLS the land to be worth, on an averag(>, cost of scrip and locating the saiin'. On the same sheet as above may be found the testimony of (ieorge I?. Wright. He is slightly interested in a claim before the commission, and has for many years been engaged in the surveys of the imldic lands. Mr. Wright swears that the scrip cost -s.') an acre, and these lands are worth from >>.'» to .'Sl'i an acre. This witness also testilies a,> to lainls claimed by the Lake .'^iip.rior and I'liget Sound Land Comiiany as follows : that he is agent for said comiiany; that .<'>..')il per acre was i)aid for .scrip; that xMr. t'anlield, lln^ president of saiii eoinpany, paid !s.">,()lli) to remove conllicting claims on the lands, and that they are worth •<> per acre; expenses of locating, about .«>l per acre. On page It is the testimony of another claimant, W. W. Eastman, who .swears that he pMicIiascd the scrip for Eastman, llovey A Co., and that it cost s4."i.") per acre ; knows milhing of the value of the land except from what he paid for the scrip, John De Laillred, of the linn of Eastman, Hovey A; Co., as above, says: "Where wo liicated the scrip we estimated the land worth ib per acre." Expenses attending loca- tion was " seventy-five cents jier acre,"' • >n imges 10 anil 17 tiiid evidence of Henry T, Welles. Has dealt in this .scrip. He lias ]iaid from !*l,"iU to .<$ per acre; don't know what he paid for the pieces he now ilainis under. S. W, Farnham swears his scrip cost !?:>.."0 per acre in part, and a part .>"> per acre. ■ ■■ . k .i- A- If " ■v^- ;, ■ '■r »*'s.>) ;fr.:'^?'':| f.. . r 27G CIIIPPKWA HALI'-URKKDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. On pnjjt's lit to 24 Dnnilliin MoiiiHdii Hwonrw lie paid from i^'.i to it;4 per acre for scrip ; laiul not llrNt cIiism, hut fiiir avt-iap- ijiiality. Maliloii iiltick, an cxiicit, waHi^ullcd liefore tlie coiinnissiDii, and coiiinienceH his trsti- mony on jiaffn "i.'i, an CoIIowm: Han liccn enj^aycd in tlu' bnsincHs of Murvcyiiig and cx- nniinin); landHMinuit HIT. 'I'lie pinedands in the vicinity of Poke^aniti Laki;, and ncm the Mi88iwHij)pi River, are the hest ax to (|nality in the State. The cpiantity (d])ine on these hiuds is not uh irieat as in soMie other distriet^). In 1-71 ^ood pinu-hinds in tliiit vicinity wonhl lie uorth 'S'lil per acre, .Stnniiiane conid liave been readily sold forS'i.riii l)er thousand feet. I should put the lands selected in township itf), ran;;e :if!. at 8' to Sf" jier acre; in township i:i.'>, raiiye JKl, at "*."> jieracre; n\ townsi.'psi;?y antl 1-10, ran;;t;!l, at^IUoiiJuper acre ; in townships .'i!i and M, range '-H'), at S'* to.*/ per acre; in townsliip 141, ran«e "28, at !?'> to .*7 jier acre ; in tow nsliip KW, ruuj^e aU, .^7 per acre ; in townships lUK and 140, ranj.'o lil, at i»:i to ^Ti per acre. In answer to this (piestion l)y Mr. Kinj;: "fan yon give any specitic description of the lands referred to in your testimony as an intelli>;cnt basis from which to appniiso the value of any particular tract or subdivision ?"' the w itness replied, "I cannot, from uiemory." lie also swears that he has "examined the I'okej^anni laiuls with a view to their beinj; iiurchased by other parties, but the parlies for whom they were examined did not yet them."' W. H. Lawrence values average piiu'-lands from •*.'» to S12 per acre. Lands located by Eastman, Ilovey A. t'o. are not worth more than >i\i to S4 per acre. On paj;e "-iK W. 1*. Ankney swears that he paid .'ir:{..'0 \)er acre for scrip; tliat ilie lands entered by his tirm could nr»t, in 1"*70, have sold tor more than .tio an acre: in Ifi'^l, probably for .•*() to .*^ ; and at this time, •?■< to §10 per acre. " We purchased Itio acres in the winter of 1^7ll-'71, worth about the same, or perhaps a little nioic, tliiin these lands, for ijitian acre. A\'e paid for stumpa^e on the scluxd-lauds from srito:';3 a thousand feet; last winter paid for stumjia^^e ^:i per thousand." ' The most noticeable featuie altont liie testimony of all these witnesses, both of in- terested and disinterested, is its loose, vague, and uncertain character. Not one simple tract w Government subdivision is cited as being possessed of a specified value, Imt the estimates are ma le in that loose and geiuMal way which leaves the commissiun uothing but guess-work to form a basis for a report on this point. Slahlon IJlack estimates the value of lands all the way from siJ to §10 an acre: anl. it will be noticed, estimatcM not by specific tracts or subdivisions, or even by fscftloiis, but by townshiits of thirty-six square miles each. It is needless to say that sucli loose and general estimates can la; of but little worth to the commission or to the SccntMiy in appraising the value of particularly designated eighty or forty aero tracts scattcnd all through these townships. It is evident that such estimates are notoriously untrust- worthy and unreliable. To illnstrale how much such estimates vary from the facts, I have only to state that I am ])erHoiially knowing to a sale of 1,440 acres of land in one of the townships sworn by Mr. iJlack to bt- worth §7 to •S't^ an acre at the sum of only $4.ri0 per acre. This sale took place in November last, was of good average pine-lands, with perfect title under I'nited .States patent, and under no undue pressure on the iiurt of the seller to realize. ilr. Aukney swears that selected piiu^-lands, as good and perhajis better than these lauds, could be bought for illi per acre, notwithstanding stunipage on these same lands was selling at that lime for .v^,.'iO to s:\ per thousand. It must be ap|>ari!nt that loose and general guess-work must give place to actual facts and real transactions. Mr. Ulack, in common with all the other witnesses, confesses in- ability to fix a value on any single sulHlivision of these lanarty to another at the price which 1 have lixedon them, sl.'iO an acre. Tested by actual ex]>crience, and at jinblic or jirivato sale by the (iov- dinnent, they never sell for nioic than sl.'J.") an acre outside, and not over §'i.50 inside, tlicdoubh; niiniuiuni land-i;rant railroads, The i|uestion, *' what should these (larties pay for these lands '." turns on the construe- tiiui i»laced upon the act of .June '^, 1^7"J. Wliat is iuteiulcd by tin? terms "e(|uitable and jn'oper,'' contained in the act iinthorizin;i the Secretary to sell these lands to those claimants on "such terms as he may deem ei|nitable and luoiier?" Most clearly that tlic Secretary may, if he deem it *'ei|uitable and i>roi>er." deduct from the value of the lands referred to the loss these ))arties have sustained in innocently anil in jrood faith ]iMii'hasin<; this scrip, and allow them to purchase these lauds at the remaining price, [iiovidcd always that ])rice shall not be less than sl:27> )>er acre. To say llicst! parties may y;o to the local oHice and purchase these lands at a (competi- tive imblic sale, is to wcijih theui down with shackles of overs:! an acre, and then to bid f hein make the race against jtarties encumViered by no such expense. To say they ii'iiy wait till after such jinblic sale and then purchase at jnivate sale at a Govern- iiicnt land-otHce, is only to allow them to exercise a i>rivil('ge they alreaily enjoy, and of which the Governmcut caniu)t de))rive them if it would. It would certainly be a liiird and cruel delinition of the word " e(|Uity " to c(>ustrue it to mean that these i)ar- tirs should pay mort^ for these lauds than the Government, at public and jirivate sales, iilldws other parties, who have no grievances to redress aiul uo eipiities to plead, to pnr- cliiise for. The (lovernuu'ut can alVord to be just, if not generous, ami I am of opinion that the least measure of eciuity it can grant, and the least th(>se parties can be cMititled to re- cii v(>, is to be allowt-d to purchase these lands, wliich it has cost them sl^O.Odi) t6 explore 1111(1 to protect from timber-thieves and tresjiassers, at the ordinary and niiniuium luico of (iovernmeut lauds, to wit, Sl.'io an acre for such as lie outside, and >i'i..')0 for siu'ii as lie inside, the twenty-mile limits of the several laud-grant railroads. Tiiat this would be "(Mpiitable" to the Government all will concede; toward the claimants it is all thecfiuities the law will allow. As to the seventy-three entries claimed by H. T. Welles, made on the Mille Lac res- ervation, they occupy in respect to the inuocency and good faith of the claimant pre- cisely the same position as his rcnuiining thirty-four claims, which are allowed by the cDMunission. 1 understand the only point rais(!(l against these sev(Mity-three entries by the majority to be that the lands embraced in tin; entries lie within the limits of au Indian reservation, and are not subject to disposal by the Secretary. 'I'lie nuijority seem to have forgotten that it was the express object of the act of .Tune ■■', l~7t2, to n inoir tlitd (limliilitji on the part of the Secretary of the Interior, ami to allow liiui to do just what under existing laws he could not do. Mark the wording of the act: '' That the Secretary of the Interior be, nucl he h hcvclii, (nifhorhcd to permit the pnrchme, with cash or military bounty land-warrants, of audi hiiidH as have l)een located with claims arising under th(> seventh section of the second article,"' tfcc. Now, can it be (l()ubt(;d that this includes all " such lands " which are held by " innocent parties in good faith .'" And can in be doubted that Congress iiitviiited to renu)ve by a si>ecial enactment tlie very objection urged by the majority of the couunission, and solely on account of which these claims wer(> rejected ? Is it not rational to suppose that Congres;, not only > commission as of those on the Mille La(; reserve. The ))owcr conferred up(ui the Secretary by the act of .Inne i^ is ample and couclusivo iilMin ((// the lands referred to in the act. V\mn satisfactory proof of the iiuioccnce and };("i(l faith of these parties, "he is hereby autluuized to ]»ermit the purchase"' of these laii("is by these claimants as much as tlmiigh they had been the only public lands be- liiii^ing' to the (iovernmeut. In the ]\! standing as they do 011 ])r('cisely the same terms as the balance of the claims icportcd. I ■■^■ ■.■ fc:(.i: i m Ik |i v. h--y 278 CHIITEWA IIALF-BHEi;i»s OF LAKH .SITEKIOR. Of the cluiina presciitftl l»,v Mfssrs. lli't'lte & SIiiiw, attciriifys for Corlu'tt, 1 nm t'lliially well siitiHlit'd tlint tlii'v comln- sion that shonlil work substantial justice between the (iovernment on the uiic haml and these cluinnints on the other. I have tried to ascertain the exact measure of tin. eractical value of tin,- lands chiimi'd to the Ciovcrnment, and then to so adjust thi'se two interests as to carry out faithfully the measure of eipiityso clearly contemplated in the letter and spiritof the act of , June '^, 1 I have the honor to bo, very respectfully, The Hon Skcrivfauv ok tiik Ixtkimor, ll'aiihiinjtoii, 1>. (\ DANA K. KING. CommhsHmry. Uxnicn Statks Land-Okkick, Suint Cloud, Minn., yurtmbcr '2C\, KvJ. 8 at this oflice ; said olHce in the tiUDit tloiiil, MuDi., Aori I hereby certify that I am at ])re«ent the receiver of public nu)ncy that. I was register of the same at and during the public land sale at fc..i..i ./...n ,,, i,,,; month of October, 1H(;4, commencing on the 17th ;;ud closing on the "Jl'th of said month: that about eight tlnuisand acres of the public l^nds, all or nearly of that class commonly known as " pine-lands," were sold at said sale, and, upon examination. I • '- ^ ^1- ^ -- - - n ' , 1 t -...1.1 ,.♦. ., I,:..,!.. :„„ *i jLi ,i' , , i tiud that none of said lands sold at record in this oltice. ^her price than •'jl.iiu per acre, as appears ol T. (;. JIcCLURE. Bewira: Schrdiile of p Dorillus Morrison and others 41 Aukney. L'obinsou & Petit :i W. W, Hale, (1 good piece) i No. 3. Pepotiitions of u'itness(^ token hij me at the offiee of the eonimifinion apjMintvd hy the Cumntia- tioner of Indian .Ijt'iiirn, hij direetion of the Seeretari/ of the Interior of the United Stulei, and under the anthoritji of the said commisnion, at the eily of Alinneujiolis, in the iSluti of Minnesota, on the day of August, A. D. 1872. 'J". B. Wai.kkh, of Minneapolis, being by nie first duly affirmed, as hereinafter certilit d. dejioses as follows, to wit : .My age is thirty-two years; occupation, luniberinaii ; my residence is in Minneapolis. 1 am interested with Dr. Butler in pieces of located Chip- OR. — Corlu'tt, I Mill liroviHioim of I lie >t' llllt \\VM; uliil- ly of the ii|>iiiioii licli was rrcfivi'd t least that this imc to 1)1' coiisicl- lii! was not miii- I tlierefoie ine- is a coiiniiissiiiiu'r rrive at >, foiiclii- ini tlie one hand 't measure of the thi- hiiaU L'hiiiiii'il ny out faithfully r>f the net of .liiiie K. KIXO, CoiHtninsioiK' Kici-;, vtmbrr '2(\, l^7-i. ys at this oflice ; said otHce in the h of said month : ly of that class >i) exaininatiiin, I ere, as apiiears ol AJRE, liecektr. ame hthifi itnioiciif i»i('.s rexjH'direly. I'u'CPs. (18 -JO 18 •J , 8 4 i:i :u , 7:? , 4(i 41 tvd ly //((' Coinmi-f- tlie Uiiitid Stulfx, Ih, in the •Stall of •einafter certilit d. luuiberuian ; my s of located Chip- CHII'I'EWA HALr-ISREEDS OF LAKE SL'I'ERIOR. 275) IKiwa lialf-hreed Hciip, ns muiilieied and set forth in Si liednle A, lieretinto attached, iiMil in ideees which I claim in my own li^lit, as also aiipears in said Schediili.' A, at- t.iclied. This scrip was ]inrclinsed by ns in the years 18('iH. ImOK, l-to. and 1871 ; I think the most of it ill tilt; visir l^'tW. We )iiii'chiised some of Henry '1'. Welles, some of William S. ('lia)iniaii, some of K. I. Meiidenhal), some of Tliom|isoii «.V lirother, Saint I'liiil. We |iiii'chsised this sdij) Just as we would no into the market and lairchax' laiid- wariiints. 'I'lie price paid tor this scrip was |iiinr'ipiilly s4 and 84. .'lO per iicic This was alioiit the market-value of the scrip, and I don't think we piirehased any at a less [nice than 81 jx'r acre, 'i'liese purchases were made almost wholly liy myself. (,>iiisfiuii. \Vliat iiii|iiiry, if any, did yon make as to the L'li"raetei' of this scrip hefore, yon piiirhased it .' — Answer. The i(iiesM(iil you seethe scrip or ceitilicate of identity and the papers attached liefore liiiichasiii<; .'—A, Of course we saw the scrip and papers before piirchasinj;, and rxam- ined them. (.{. When did you lirst hear of any fraud in these rertilicates or over-lssm lo same .' — A. I lirst heard of it dnriiiy the session of the commission in the sin . of 1-71. (/. Did you ever lefer to the treaty under which these certilicates of identity were issued to (ietermine their validity .' — .\. Dmi't remember that I ever did. (}. Ditl you know that none were entitled to such certilicates but the half-breed Inilians belon<;inast year is partly owing to the large railroad grants. (). by ehainna... l>id yon ever hearof a lawsuit between ex-Commissioner Dole and .1. 1'. \Vilsoii growing out of this scrip ? — A. I did hear of it for the lirst time last year. 1 learned from the iiulilished report of commission appointed last year. f ■ ■ ■■ ■■>•!■] ^1 SMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^ A 1.0 1.1 I i 121 US itt Uii i2.2 S? itt Hi m u 14.0 20 L25 III 1.4 IJ£ 1.6 FliotDgraphic Sciences Corporation 23 WBT MAIN STRUT WIBSTIR,N,Y. 14SM (716) t7!l-4S03 280 CHIPPEWA IIALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Q. Ity cliairnmn. Have yon the nu-ans now of statin}; aniuatcly the date of your pnichdMeN of these certificates ?— A. I liave not. exeei>t the imrciiases of certiliciites Mere made Reiierally before the date of the entries. Q. What kno\vle(lj;e have yon, if any, as to the ehaructt-r of lands located by other parties under these eertiticates at or about the time your lix^ations were made V — A. I have been over the u])i)er country more than any one else, and better ae.OIiO feet per acre. Q. How much would the best lands produce, in yo\ir juil<>n)ent 1 — A. Probably 8,000 feet. Possibly some 40-acro tracts could bt^ selected that would cut 10.000 feet jx-r acre. I know of no recent sales of pine-lands except one sale of l.(M)0 acres, entered lonjj; previous to our selections, and lying on tiie bank of I'rairie Kiver, wliich were sold at !?10 per acre. Only one firm in the city would jiay that i)rice. Q. How aretlie lands located with the scrip or certilicates situated as to fiettiuj; the lumber to market, favf)rably or unfavorably ?— A. Mostly favorably located, Itcin;; some of it, however, four miles from streams. I never dealt in the Chippewa scrip except to enter lands for myself or my lirm. The 20 pir(.'es on the last pa}»e of schedule furnish(!d and nundicred as follows, to wit, IT*, *^01, 20i^, 179, 140, v!-JO 171, 177,()4, IIM, 100, l(i.-}, hVi, ld4, '^OH, 1()3. 1->J, l-,i(), 227, 1:50, were purchased by me of H. T. Welles, in July or AM};ust, l-'70, and the last of Ai)ril or May, 1?'71, and cost me S'J.rjO and 1^:5 per acre : the average cost being about s-^.7.') iter acre. They belong to me persomiliy. Mr. Welles did not mention to me thiitall entries of scrii) at tiie land- oHice had been forbidden. The entries markeil in tlie seliednle " iicrsoiuil entries, " were made at the Saint Cloud land-ollice in April and M^y. I'^TO. The right in tiiise entries was purchased of J. P. Wilson at f^2.'M per acre, in April, 1870. These entries were represented to us by Mr. Wilson, of whom we itnrchased, as having the same validity as entries under the half-breed Chijipewa scrip, lielbre purchasing, we re- f(uired a certificate from the register of the land-otlice that these entries were properly made according to instructions from the General Land-Ot)ice. T. «. WALKER. (See T. li. Walker, recalled, on jtage 2'M.) My name is Levi Butler; aged fifty-four years; reside in Min.icapolis ; am a linn bennan. I am interested witli T. B. Walker in about 4,.'i(j:» acres of lauil located under certilicates issued to Chiitpewa half-breeds of Lake Superior. In most instances Mr. Walker has purchased this scrip, (so called.) In a few instances we hav.) purchased together. These purchases have beeu made during the last five years. Jly impression is that we purchased about forty pieces at nearly one time about four years ago. Question. Had you any knowledge or information as to the quantity or amount of these certificates that had been issued or wtn-t^ in the market at the time of your pur- chase ? — Answer. Have no recollection that I had any knowledge of the amount of scrip issued. May have heard it stated at some time, but l«\ve no recoUectiou of the amount. Q. Would the value of the scrip depend in any degree n[ion the quantity that had been issued ? — A. It certainly would. ii. Would you not, tlit-n, before making any considerable purchase, make inquiry as to the amount issued or authorized to be issued ? — A. 1 have beeu governed in my purchases of scrip more particularly by the estimate of the value of the land to be entered from time to time, At sonn; times parties have presented me with selections of land which I did not consider worth as much as the scrip was worth at the time in the market. Q. In buying these certificates, whatever might be your opinion of the value of the lauds ])arties have claimed to have selected, you would not be likely to give more for the certificates than their actual value ; would you not, therefore, be likely to inquire as to the amount of scrij) likely to be issued ? — A. I have always beeu governed to some extent by the value of these certificates in the market. Q. Did you not endeavor to keep yourself posteurchases as to the probable number of Chippewas entitled to tiiese certificates ? — A. I have prob- ably heard estimates, but cannot recollect or say detinitely what they were. Q. Who jnincipally had thests certiticates for sale at the time of these purchases ?-— A. My opinion is tliat H. T. Welles has had wore than any other one man, but they have been for sale by several ditferent jiarties. Q. Had yon at or before the time of your purc'.ases heard any reports as to liow Mr. Welles got tiiese certiticates ? — A. Mr. Welles has told me once or twice that he has bought of Thompson & Bro., of Saint Paul, and I think lie has mentioned Mr. W. S. Chapman. I think he has mentioned other parties, but I tlo not recollect now. Q. Have you heard any reports tliat were unfavorable to the character of the certifi- cates held by Mr. Welles ? — A. Never, until lately — never heard anything up to the time of making jnirchases. Q. Dill it ever occur to you befort; yon completed your purchases that the amount of these certiticates issued might be too large ?— A. I had no reason definitely to sus- pect so. (.^. How much did you regard these lands as worth when you made the location ? — A. I regarded them worth what I paid for tlie certificate and exjjloration of locatitni. I paid for the certiticates from s^.oO to ?i4..')0 per acre, and the cost of exploration and location, about i^l per acre. All the certificates, except what we had of J, P. Wilson, cost from .S4 to s? l.oC per acre— most of it S4.oO per acre. Q. Was it located on surveyed or unsiirveyed lands ? — A. I think the most of it was located on unsiirveyed lands. The oltjcet of buying the certificates was because it was understood to give that ))rivilege. t^. Had yon at or before your purchases heard that the Commissioner of Indian Af- fairs was interested in this scrip or tlie location ? — A. Have no recollection that 1 ever heard of that. Q. Can yon give the names of the parties from whom your certiticates were purchased f — A. Mostly from Mr. Welk.s; some from R. I. Mendenhall. My recollection is that the forty pieces referred to were jmrehased of Mr. Welles. 1 think we have purchased some of Mr. Tliompson & Bro , of Saint P.iul. Q. Can yon give the names of the parties who originally procured or made applica- tion for the certilicate under which yon claim ? — A. 1 cannot do that without referring to the pajters. Q. In l)nying this scrip did it make any dil^'erence to yon to whom the scrip was snpi>osed to belong originally, or by whom it was procured at Washington ? — A. 1 have not made any point on that, but relied upon the el.aracter of the man of whom I pur- ('haseaid Wilson .»<2.r>0 per acre. This was because it was represented to me that the land was not worth more than !ii«l{..")0 per acre, and Mr. Wilson was in need of money. I understand that these entries ])nrcliased of Wilson were made upon the l)ersonal api>lication of the half-breeds at the land-otfice at Saint Cloud. Wilson did not state to me the nature of the title, but said the title would be good. My recollec- tion is that he was to give us a perfect title from the half-l>reed. 'i'liere was an agree- ment made to pel feet tlie title, and signed by Mr. Wilson before the money was paid. This purchase was made within tlie past two years. I may have heanl that there was fraudulent scrip in the market, but I aimed to pur- chase only from parties in whom I had confidence would give me what they repre- .sent, or certificate of I^ake Superior. These certiticates are issued to \o. »?. H. H. Bcaiilieu, and the other is No. 'iDD, issued to Mary Isbister, living at Saint Cloud, I give these names and numbers from mem- :':^:-r:::|| ■ 1 •■)■ I i 282 CHIPPEWA lIALF-nPtEEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. ory, not Imviiijj tlio piijiers incsoiit. I bonjiht liotli ))it'cc.«i fioiii II. T. Wfllcs, tliionirli T. H. Walker, about I-Vbrnaiy or Marcli. 1^71. I jiaiil .*-l..'iO \wr acre. Tlit' laiiil luis not yet been snrveyetl, and I can only a|iiivoviniate its value. It eaunot exceed, in inv opinion, s(»..jO per acre. The expense of exidoiatiiui and location ot' the land is about SI per acre, t/nestion. Did you deal in any of these certilicates except the two pieics referred to above ? — Answer. I never have. (/. Had yon at the time, of niakinjj these itnrehases any reason to suspect that the eertiticates were fraudulent .' — A. No, sir, I hatine Johnson ; No. -i:? C, issued to William I'i(|nette: No. i:< C, issued to Genevieve JIcDonald, at the same time, for the saim- ]>rice, and of the same person, as throe other certificates located, concerning which testimony has been given by him befoi " the (lovennnent connnission now sitting in MinneajKilis, Minn. : tliat the th'ee certificates herein described are \inlocated. and that lie is the owner and holder of the same. 8. A. HARRIii. Subscribed and sworn to before me this '2(^11 dav of August, A. P. 1S7"2. [seal.] ■ E. 8. .JONES, Xotdry I'uHk; Iltiiiwiiiu Comity, MiiDi. S. A. Hakhis, being by nie first duly s\>orn, as hereinafter certified, deposes as fi)l- lows, to wit : My name is S. A. Harris, aged "24 years. I reside in Miiiueaiiolis ; am banker. I came to be the owner of three located certiticates of the Chippewa half-breeds of Luke Superior, numbered, respectively, 5, 71), and 2'.»:$, letter C. The last number, 20:?, is iu the name of Margaret Corbin. Number ,'> is in the name of CatliariiieEla ; number 70, lite. Boudrie ; number 79 located on W. i S. W. i, section :iii, township 4:?, range 2.\ ; number 5 located on N. W. i of S. E. i and N. E. i of S. W. J, section f, towiishii> .'jII, range '2'y ; number 2'J;{ located on E. -h S. E. i, section 4, township 50, range "i"). This scrip was purchased about February, o( 18()'.>, of (}eorge Harris, then of Minneapolis, now of San Francisco, Cal. I never saw the lands, and all I know of them is what I have heard of other iiarties. The scrip cost me !J4..")0 per acre, and about SI per acre to locate. I think the locations were made in the spring and fall of lt^70, and supposed the lauds, on an average, were worth the cost of «scrip and locating the saiiic. Question. Had yon any kuowlinlge or suspicion at the time you imule these purchases that there was anything wrong or fraudulent about these certiticates ! — Answer. No, sir; I never had. I knew nothing about them, and purchased as I would a land-war- rant. George Harris, of whom I purchased the scrip, was a retail lumber-dealer, and was not a deaha- in tliese certificates. These certificates were the only ones he ever purchased, as he told me. He is now employed in the oftiae of William S. Chapman, of San Francisco, but was in no way connected in business with said Chapman at the time I purchased this scrip or certificate, nor had he been for at least four or fiveyeais previous to that time. S. A. HARRIS. Also, Gkokuk B. WiiiiiiiT deposes as A)llows, to wit : My name is George B. Wright, of Minneapolis. My age is thirty-seven years. Occu- pation is a land-surveyor. I claim to be the owner, witli William W'indom and Suviali T. Davison, of lands jocated under certificate numl)er '204, issued to , and located in W. i S. W. i, section — , township i:>7, range l?^', in Minnesota : and number 100, issued to , located on S. A S. W. i, section 15, township 1:57, range :!-. iu Minnesota. By T. C. J. : Question. When and of whom did you imrchase these certificates?— Answer. I had been engaged in surveying land as a (ioveriimeiit surveyor, and fimnd some pine- lands. I gave the notes of them to C. 1>. Davison, at that time surveyor-general, which notes of land were to be used for the mutual Iteiiefit of Mr. Davison and myself. Mr. Davison located the lands with the aliove-iiamed Chiiipewa certificates or scrip, for the imrchase of whicdi Mr. Windom furnished the nioiiey, the agreement b<'iiig that Mr. Windom should have a three-fourths interest, and Mv. Davison and myself should have a one-fourth interest iu the land. By CuAiit.MAX : Q. Where, when, and by whom was the arrangeiiient made with Windom ?— A. It was made by Mr. Davisoii some time dining the winter of A. D. Irilllt and l-'7t». My understanding from Mr. Windom is that the certificates cost i?'» per acre. I slieidd CHIPPEWA IIALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 283 S. A. HARRIS. Jiulge the Innds to \ui worth i*o to §6 per iicre. They wcro rn'iher inferior lands for iiinc- lands, I also reitrcsent, as a;i;eiit for the Lake Superior and Pn^et Sound Coni])any, who claim to own the following; lands located by Chijiiunva hali-lireed scrip of Lake Superior, as numliered and set forth iu schedule marked B, and hereunto ftttaclied, (}. State what you know in reference to the purchase and location of the lands de- scribed in this list. — A. The scrip or certificates were pr.reliased, 1 think, in Anf;;ust, Ir'HK by C. 1>. Davison, then of Minneapolis, for Thomas 11. (Janlield, now pvesident of the Lake .Superior and Pujjet Sound Couii)any. Tiie j)rice paid I understood to bi's:!,")!! jier acre. I think it was purchased of Henry T. Welles, and it was from him that I learned the price. It was located on lands iu Cass County near the line of tlie Ncuth Pacific Railroad. Mr. Canlield paid !>!."i,(fOU to remove conllictinfj claimants from the land that these were located on. These claims were I), squatters on the land. The locations were made by C. D. Davison in September, isfd. Q. Have yon a knowledj;o of the nuality and value of these lands ? And if so, state what in your judf^ment they were worth at t!ie time of the location. — A. I have seen some jiortion of these lands, but not all. I think they were worth about .S') per acre. The expense of selecting and locating the land would be about .ijl per acre. I became agent for this company on the tirst of October, lt<70; engaged by the company at a salary. My duties have been purchasing and taking care of lands, paying taxes, and keeping the records of the company. Q. Had yon anything to do iu making the selections of lauds mentioned in the above list i—A. I had not. Q. Had yon made any report of the character of these lands to Davison before these entries were made ? — A. I had ijut. I never dealt iu the certiticates; never bought or s
200 20(1 212 2:i!t 245 25:? 277 2^0 2-it) mi Name. Subdivision. Leticia Anderson W. i of N. E. J . Henry Anderson W. i of N. E. | . Josette Bellehemeur W. i of S. W. i . Louise Cai)let W. i of S. W. i. Margaret Desjarlin !•]. A of S. W. J . . Baptiste Fanstneuf W. ^ of S. E. i . . Margaret Flemaiul , . . E. it of S. E. i . . Elizabeth Halcro w Frac. of S.E.J. Elizabeth Howse E. i of S. E. i . . Charlotte Hodgson W. i of S. ^^'. j . Marv .Johnson E, :V of N. E. j^ . . .John D. McKay E. i of N. W. i . Marv ilonkimui W. J of S. E. J^ . . Maria Xavier (?) W. i of N. W. i. Charlotte Richard E. A of S. W. i . . Louise .Shaboyer Frac. of N. E. J- . .James Sinclair E. 1 of X. W. i^ . Ellen Tibauet W. i of X. W. i 1 Sec. Town- ship. 8 13:j 5 133 4 133 <> 133 1 4 133 , 5 133 1 8 133 1 y 133 : ! 5 133 i ■ l> 133 f* 133 9 133 8 133 4 133 J i) 133 1 '•• 133 1 4 133 1 '■' i:',3 1 Range. 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 2"' 28 2S 2S The above owned l)y the Lake Superior ami Puget Sound Comitany, a corporation authiu'izt'd to transact business iu the .State of Minnesota, and of which Thos. H. Ban- ticid.of Burlington, Vt., is president. GEORGE B. WRIGHT, Aijcnt, MinncajtoUtt, Minn. C. D. Davison died at Otter Tail, iu this State, in December, 1870. GEORGE B. WIJIGHT. .»••,:., ;■».*•■- '■ (It t I 2S4 IHII'IMIWA llAhr-MHKKUs or LAKi: sri'KKKHt. Wii.MAM \V. I'.AsiMAN, of Miiiiii';nii)li,s, lii'iiij; l>,v iiic tirst duly hwoiii, (liposcH as i\.\. lows. III w il : My niiiiii- is Williuin \V. I'.astinan, iiiiil rcsiilc in Miiiii<'ii|)iilis ; iiiii l.'i yi'inN nf mj,. ; JMii ill lilt' liiiiilicr liiisiiii'SN. I iiiii :i iiii'iiilii'r nf t lie linn nl I'.mhI hi, hi, ltii\ ry \ ( 'o., w hci claim III liavo iiiailo liicalinns nl' laiiil.s ii|i(iii nTlilii'ali'.s isMiril tii('lii|)|M>wa liaU'-liri'i'ils ol' liUki" SiiiuTiiir, as rollnws, to wil ; No. 'J'J'.I, ,Tulia l;r ".'.">. No. '.'/"'. h'osalii> UiclianI, S. \ N, \V. |, seel ion *J, lownsliip .V.', raii);!' vTv, No. '.'"i','. Mary Sinitli, S. \ \. K. [, soclion :i, township .V.', raiiy;c ".•."». No. »'•.'!. Mario l.ciaiu'i', S. \ S. !•',. J, soriion 'M, lownsliip ,'i:i, ran>;c ','.">. No. 1(il. Itaptislo Itcjarliii. lols I, •,', ami II. scclion :i, lownsliip ,V,', raii;;c ','.■). No, \.".i'i. Maria SlaliT, lols v', ;i, and I, scciioii *J. lownsliiii .VJ, raiim- ',','1. ."*.">. I'ranvois I'illt'r, N. i N. I",. J. si-clion *J,">. township .'ill, raii;;f 'J.'. !l»T. W. Slator. S. \V. \ N. I',, j and N. \\. [ S. i;. j. si-clioir.',"), township .".:!, laiii;.' •.•:. N. o. (,>iU'stioii. state when and under w ihal eirciinislaneeH these < rlili eales were pur »'has(d. — Answer. They were piirelniscd in I'elunary or Mareli, 1^71, of ||. \.\\ of Miniiea)io1is. 'I'lie Inisincss was tr,'iiisaeled liy me. The prii-e paid was s|.'J."> per aire (^. What, in your Jniljiiin'iit, was ihe land \\ortli at lln< time yon pnreliascd liirsi' eerlilieales / — .\. All I know ahoiil il is from the prie(> I paid for the entilieates. (.}. At or before the liiii(> of the pnreliasc had yon any luiowledue or iiifonnalion ;in to tln> ainonnt of these t'erlilieales thai was anllioii/cil to lie issued ,' — .\. Ni had no knowledp* of anything:; ahoiit it ; I \>;is told liy .Mr. Welles that llie seri| I > was i'ol Ihese eerlilieates ?— ,\. No, sir : lie diil j^ood and prepared ready to local (.,>. l>id Mr. Welles Icll yini w here oi- how not tell iiie, nor «lid I ask him, i). I'id not yon know from reports.lhal Mr.Welh>s had a very lary;e jtmoiint of llies,- certilicales, Itel'ore or at the lime you purchased ? — .\, No, sir; I diil not know liiai lie had a larj;e ainonnt, or that there was any such lliinij until 1 was re(|neslcd to Imy ii. I liad known that there was hall'-lirced Chippewa si'rip. Init I have iinderslood I hat this was a dill'en. Had yon, at or Itefore the lHiit> of the piircliase, any knowleilije or inlornialioii as to the amount of C'liii>pewa half-lireed eertilieales aniliori/ed to he issued .'—A. No, Kir: I never had any knowlcdije of that kind. l,>. At or previous to lln> time id" the jmrchase had yon any inlormation. or had von lieard any reports that then" had lieen any frandiileni or over issn(< of cerlilicales .'~.\ No, sir; 1 never heard anytliiiin' aliont it lielore thai time, llav«' heard of it since. This is the only pniidiase of these cerlilie,ites I ever made, Wll.l.lAM W, KASIMAN. .loiiN I>i". l.AirruK, of Minneapiilis ; My jij^e is tVirly years; ;im n iiiannt'acfiiier of Ininher. .\in a memlter of the lirm of Ivislman, Movey \ Co., and as sindi am inter- ested in certilicales of half-hrced Chippewas of Kake Superior, and lands located under tlnsliiiiony of William W. I,.'is|iiiini. The locations were made hetore the middle of T'ehrnary, H71, hy myself, for our lirm. They were located on .a small stream called " Spit Hand," in tin iinly of (.'ass, Miii- nes(dn. When wt' Iocat(>d tlieseri|i we estimated the land worth s-"> (ler acre. The ex]»ens(> alteiidin,<<; the location of the laml was seventy-five cents per acre, 1 lia\e but very litth* experieiict> in it. lj>. State iiU yon know by reports or otherwise in rey;ard to the cliar;icler of Ihese eerlilieates at the time yon niaile the imrchase. — A. .Ml 1 knew was I supposed llicni to be jjood. Cp to that time all 1 heard was that Cliipimwa hall-breed scrip was ^ood. This ill 1 ever owiiet .INO. l)K LAnTK'i; No. J. l>tM!Ti.rs MoKiMsoN, of Minneapolis, briii^ tirst by me duly alliiimMl, di'jioscs as follows : I reside in Minneaiiolis ; am .">• years of aije; my ocenpation lias been Inmbeiiiiic and iiiaiintactnriii<>' ; I own about l.UOO acres of land located upon certilicitcs of Chip- pewas of mixed blood of Lake .Superior, numbered and desciib(>d seln'dnte and herelo attached, I am sole owner of these lands; soiii(> of the eerlilieates upon which tliesi' lands were eiit»>red I purchased of H. T. Welles. I'eter Koy, and various other parlie: Have bt>en in habit of piirchiisiiii; scrip of Messrs. Thompson Hrothers. Saint Paul iiid resume som(> o nil IS was 1)11 ircliased of I hen (^>nestion. Can yon state at what ))iice the scrip used in the local imi of these lamls was purchased ? — Answer. From i*:> ttiSI per acii>. I paid Mr. Welles at*:! pcracn anil R. ('IHPFFAVA IIALF-IUiKKDS OK I.AKK sri'KKloW. 2«r) I, tll'lMIHI'M ilS I'l 1- l\ I'V \ ( 'ii,, w lici fwa liall-lniTilH m^c 'J."). :.'.'>. •J.">. ■liip ."lit, raiim' •.'.'i, Icntrs were |M|| ■ .f II. r. Wrllos. IN S I.','.") ]M'r ;irir. |ilin'liiisi>il till. HI' crlilii'utcs. r iiil'driiiiilinii ,'im ?— A. N..,>ic; I lat till' si'ii|i was \. Ni), sir : lie diil mnoiinl of tlicsi> Kit Know tlllll III' lU'sti'il to liny it. iiniliM'stiiiiil tliat ir inl'Di'inal ion as i.sMicd .' — A. Nil, it ion. oi' liail you t'l'ililicalt's .' — A licanl of it sinci'. A'. 1", AST MAN. niamiractnicr of .sncli am inter- Is loi'atcil nndcr ni \V. Kastinan. I', l°or iinr ticni. ty of (.';iss, Min- |M>r aiTt'. Tin' lor acre. I liavi' arai'tci' of tlii-se sn|i|iosc(l tlii'in I s('ri|i was j;noil. )i; l.MTTK'K. ini'tl, (li'iiost's as liccii Inni'icrini; ilicatt's of ('lii|>- ilnlt' ami licn'tn |)on wjiii'li tlii'si' IS otliiT paitii's. Saint raiil, ami n of llit'sc laiiils S:! pciaiTC, anil iilso Mr. K'oy, 1 |iiiid .'$>:( for. I also ]iiiri'liiiHi<(1 soint- s(ri)Mif ^^'illialll (iiiNcclon ; I ^nvo Mr. OaMct'lon •¥• per acic foi' I, Odd ancs, .lainiaiy It, iHiT. (.,>. Wlifi't^ Wfi't' tli*'Mi> laiiilN lorali'il : in what county,' — \. I su|t|Misi> llioni to Iti* iu Cass Ciuitity, ami u|ion .MissiHsi|i|ti auo you Know of any salrH of sucli landN witliin tlio past ynir ? — A. I do not. In addition to tlir aliovc, 1 also cliiini in rouiiiioii w illi W'lii. Wiudoiii, Win. ■'<<. Kin^. iiiid ('. I>. UaviKon, (tlit> latti'i- now dcccasi'd,) an intiTcst in alioiit. t.tidd uci'i'h of land iim dr- Ncrilicd and si'l forth iu sclii'diilo niarkt'd lici'ctoattaclii'd. (/. Of wlioiu and when did you |uiri-liaN(> tlit> ci'rfiticatt'K upon \vlii<^li tlumo IociiUoiih wt'io imulf?" A. I niiiiiol state, liiif ])i'ol>aldy from saino party ni<-ntiiUK>iven aliove as to price will apply to these. 'I'lie <'ertilieates were purchiiNed prior to April, |H7d, when the locations were luiide. It is possilde thaf some of tliecer- tilicates were furnished liy some of the other parties interested with ine, I have l>e<>n in the Itahit of pnrehasiu;r this scrip for the last doxeii yeai'N iiioro or Iohh, but iilwayH to enter lands with. Ittm't think I ever sold a piece of .scrip. (/. Who seleeteil thfse locations ?— A. Mr. K. S. Mall, .Mr. ( >. II. (iorrison, iind Win. II. 'rownseud ; perha|is others — Win. Itarrows, Mr. 'rownscnd hasselccled iiiore tliiin aii.y «ither one. (.). I>oyou re;;ar. I)o y .11 renieinber the iimoiiiil of your lirst purchase and of whom it whs iiiadeT — A. I do not rcnieniber. (/. l)o you reiuember what in<|iiiry y(ui made in re^;ar(l to its characler before mak- ing; any puitdiase '! — A. I do not. (). I>o ymi mean to say that you invcslcil in these ccrtilicates without making iiny in<|uiry ? — A. .\o, sir; I do not know whether I made any iu<|uiiy or not. <.). If yon have any impression or recollection mi the siibjeel, ymi will save time by tt'llin;; just what that reeollectioii is. — A, 1 luive no particular recolle(rtion in re;i;aid to It. (.). Whether your recollection is particular or ;;eiieral, we shall be ohli;;ed to you for fiiviiijj US what it is. — A. I have licit lier ^jeiieral nor particular rectillctlion in rcKaril to it : I bought it as an article of niercliamli.se. ((>. Have all ,v. I'id you ever hav<' any conver.satioii in I'efereuce to the characti^r of these ccr- tilicates with Senator K'ice *~\. 1 have no recollection at this moment that I have. It is very possible I may have had; no spucitii^ rucollection. Viui may luhl that 1 have, at this imniieiit, no n-collection. (.}. Wert\voii a(!(|uaiiited with Mr. Win. I'. Dole? — A. No, sir, 1 may havo n>ot, hut utance; don't know that I have met him. Have no aci|iiai Q. I Mil yon ever read tht) treaty under which these certilicates were issiu^d, or that liiirlion of it ndatintf to the lands to which the, ('hippewa half-breeds were entitled f — A. 1 do not know that lever did ; yet 1 may have done so. i have not thu leitMt recol- lect iini. (,>. What is your best impression as lo whether you . Would the valiKMif these certilicates depemi, in any dej^ree, upim the<|uantity that was aulhori/.ed to bti issued .' — \. I can i living in Si'ptember, l^.'il ! —\. Uangor, Me. (/. When did you move to Minnesota .' — A. November, l.';'.")4. I siieiit some pail of the years l."^."):> and lt».")4 in this State ami Wisconsin. My fandly came to .Saint I'anl in Novend)er, hS">4. (}. Where have you resided since ? — A. Since the spring or sunnner of 1.^.") I liavc resided within what are now the corjiorate limits of the city of Minneapolis. Q. Can you state whether, witliin the years l.-<."i.">, '.■')l), or ';')7, you learned, by report or otherwise, of Chippewa liaJf-breeds of Lake Superior being entitled to cei'tilicati'> of this cliaraeter, or to land .-is therein siiecitied i'— A. I have no specilie or general knowledge about it, and yet it is very likely that I heard of this scrip during tlioe years. i). Previous to the year l-^tiO what business were you engaged in ? — A. I conuneiieeil to manufacture hnnber in Saint Anthony in the sjuing of l-T).'), and continneil in tliese mills until Septemlter, I'Ti". During the I'oliowing tliree years I was engaged in cut- ting logs and manufacturing lumber, and continued in tliis business until tlie spring of l-'tH. i}. What part of the State did the logs come from which you were manufacturing into lumber? — A. Plainly from Kam River and vicinity. (j. Is this l)usiness carried on by you, or by anybody in your interest, at the i)resenl time ? — A. I have turned the business over to my boys, and they are carrying it on in their own name ami for their own benefit. Q. Up to Ir'tio what other business, if any, were you engaged in ? — A. I was mer- chandising in a store in Saint Antliony from about 18.')(i to 18.')'.) or l'ii]0. (.). Did you, during that period, have any trade with the chiefs, Indians, or halt- breeds of Lake Sujierior ! — A. I do not know that 1 had, but was often in the store, and Iiulians may have come in to make some purchases. Q. It is provided in these certiticates that they are not assignable, and that tht^ Gov- ernment will not recognize any sale or transfer, or pledge of tiie same, or any right a( - criung unoii piiif-iaiids, tliat wen- not yot siuvcyt'd, ifdi'Mircd. I/. In fonsidciinj; tin; value of these eeitilicates and of your imrchasos, did you never inijuire or did yon never think in your own mind how nniny otlu-r persons were en- titled to loeate in advance of tlie survey as well as yourself ? — A. Of course 1 kiunv that otlu;r parties had the same ri^iit to iocatt; with scrij) that I Intd. lint I liadno ij)osed I knew within a certain ranjje, for in- Htance, that there could not lie ten million acres luirchased in this way. Q. Did yon not know or believe from rumor, at or before March, l"^7l, that the jjreat niajorily of these certilicates were in the hands of a very ft^w persons ? — A. I think it was understood that they were in the hands of com))aratively few. Q. Was it not also understood that tin' purchases during tiie \viiolt> period had been limited to comparatively few individuals '! — A. Not so few as since March, It'll. (i. Did y(Ui know previous to that time of ]iurchas(ts being made by any parties, ex- cept by persons engaged in lumber about Minneiipolis or Saint Paul ? — A. Yes, idr ; I knew from what otliers said, tliat tlu'y ha. Do you remember what reason yon nientioiied to them, if any, why you sujiposed the investment would be a good one .' — A 1 do imt. (/. Can you give the substance of tlie comersntion you had \\ith them about it ? — A. 1 cannot. (.).. How is it that you remember that they became interested upon your solicitation or suggestion, if you don"t lenieuilier anythiii;; or the .substance of anything that was said by y money in the lands, but as to the specitic words which 1 used, 1 cannot tell. (■i. You \\;ill obser\ f that I don't ask for .sjiecilic words, but distinctly whether you have any I'ecolleetion ol' the substance of what was said .'— .V. My reeollectiou would be. that I said to those giMitleinen. there is .some land to enter, I think there is some money in thiMU. That is tin' substance. I pidliably conveyed the idea to them that the lands were worth more than the money ir would cost to enter them. I cannot tell when this was without reference to papers in my ollice, but I think it was in the .sum- mer of l-'TO. (-i. Have y(ni any recollection as to the snb.stance of what aither of those ■_ iitletneu said in reference to those certilicates, or whether they said anything as to thei" char- acter or value .' — A. I have not any rt!Collt!ction. Q. Do you remeuiber of ever having any conver.satiiui with either of those gentle- men before March, 1^71. with reference to the character or value of those certihcates .' — A. No, sir. i). What is your best recollection as to whether you ircr had such conversation or not .' — A. Do not think 1 era' had any. Q. What reason had you for suggesting to your associat. Do you mean to say that he liecame associated with you without your desiring it ' — A. I do mean to say so. Q. How could a man become .associated with you w ithout your desiring it ? — A. I understand you to ask whether 1 solicited it. Q. Was not the fact that Mr. Davison was surveyor the reason why ho was taken I': 'i'^ '••■ '>' '» ■ *' i ,ixi,.i.i- :•.;> 28S t'lIiri'KWA IIAI.K-llKKr.liS OV I.AKK si I'KKKHt. nt<» |lii< M|ii>iiil:iiii>n .' — A, 1 lliink llii> UiiiuvIimI^i' 'I'lu' I'lU't lliiil ho was siirvt'vor was not tin' roasm li I I III iMiii'l III It was III,' I, I/, Art' voii williii); III Nwcar llial llu' I'arl lliat lie wan shin i'.\oi'-K«"iU'riil lur tlicSi.ii, iol' Miiiiii'Niita at tliat liiiii>liail iio iiilliiciiri' ii|iiiii \iiiii' in IikI, III m iwclllillj; tliiil ii, nIiihiIiI lii>fiMiii> iiilcK'Nlcil ill till' Npi'i'iilaliDii .' A. I tlnnk 1 liavr aiiNWrii'il ilmi m ||,, tdi'iiiiT i|iii>.-«tiiiiM, ()>. ^ nil lia\ i> si al I'll, in aiiswiT In llir rmiiirr i|iii'>l inn. Iliat llii> I'lii't nl' Ins luin:; >iir M-vnr-gi'iirial was Mill llii< ii'asnii, Itiil tlii> Knnw li'ili;i' lir liail in piiii' laiuls was tin li'llNiili, Mv illlrsliiill now is, wllcllirr Mill air nmIIiii^ In swrar tlllll llir I'arl tlial In WHS siM'vi'MM- ni'iit'iiil of Minnrsntii liiiil iin inlliu'iirc niinii vniir iiiiiiil in allow iii;^ I III lii> rnillirrtril ill tin- slu'i'lllill ion .' --.\. 'I'lu' lart ol Ins liriiij; Mirv ryor ^I'ln-r^il \\-i,\ iiotliiii^ III (111 w itii it, lull till' liK't ol° liis Unowlril^i' in |iinr-liiiiils lia{li III' was sinvi'Voi '^i-iii'ial, llial In' iiiaili' no ^.n liiniMi'lt'or aiiv III' till' lanils ilial von woiilil l. |)iil not it ori'iir to yon al tlir tinii'tlial thiTi' w iis a nianil'i'st iiii|iro|irii'l\ in a Mirvi'voi'-^i'iu'riil h.'iiij; inli'ii'sliil in siu'h a s|ii'iiilatiiin .' -.\. Not lor oin' nionii'iil. ((>. bill till' olhriiil )iositioii ol'i'illirr of tlir oIIiit K;rntli'iiirii liiivi' any inlliiriu'i' i:|iiiii yoiii' iiiiiul ill iti'sirin^ a roiiiirrlioii with llii'in in this s|ii'i'iilalioti ,' -A. Not inr oik' nionii'iit. Mr. Winiloni was not tlii-ii Imlilin^;' any ollirial |iosiiioii. (,'. Ilavi' yon any roroUi'i'tioii of iiiii'rhasiii^ any ol' llii> si'ii|i that w-as I'alliil tin- •tJilluTt si'iiii f" — A. Havi' iiol, ami iirviT hiaiil ol' any ilistiiirtioii until I w.is m ^Va^t|lilll;toll last wiiitiT. Hy 1>. Kino: l,>. Has llnro lui'ii any iiu'ii'aso in o])inioii, vi'iy liii'^;i' iiirii'ii.sr, ((). Have yon any liirthiT staU'iiii'iit till' valiii' ol' pini'-Iaiiil wliirli von ili'siro to iiiak nialtiT iiiiili'r sinro lH'>."(f— A. Ill iii> in ri'l'i'ii'iiri' to this A. 1 a.sk iii'i'inission to lay hi'l'ori< tlir (■oiiiinission a slali iiiciit wliicli will, ill a coiirisi' ami conui'i'ti'il wav, show iiiv roiiiii'rtioii \v lilli t laiisar' lions ill tlii'-f I'l'i'tilii'iitrs, 1 ili'sii'i' also In ailil now that I pni'i'liasnl thi'sc ri-rliliralrs ill ciitii'i' ^ootl t'ailli, ami that I havo ^I'ivi'ii as lull answiTs to your i|iii'stiiiiis as my ri'roUrrtioiiH woiilil I'liahli' im- ; iiiv hiisiii ilniinu till' linn ■nil 1 ty voni't'xaiiiiiia- liiMi lii'iii)r vi'iy lar;;i', .so thai 1 I'onlil not rrnii'iiilii'r all ili'lails, this lu-in^ a vt'iy small inalti'r in roniu'i'iioii with iiiv ni'iioral linsiiii'ss 1). MoKMnSDN. No. :>. lliNliY '!". Wi-i i.i:s, of Miimoaiuilis, lioiiij; hy nu' (list iliily alliniii'il, ikposcs as Iol lows, to wil : 1 ri'siili' ill Minni'a)io1is ; my a^i' i.s lifly-oiii> years; am a ilcaliT in real I'statr. 1 riaim to lie iiitrrostcil in ri'rtilirati'.s issiinl to l'lii|>|irwa hall'-lni'i'ils of l.aki' Sniirrinr. and laiiils localrtl nnili'i' thi'iii, as follows, as niiinhri'ril ami si't I'orih in Srhi'ilnli' ('. hci'oiiiilo altat'lu'il ; tlii> iininln'is in this list lu'ln-;- ilio last si'iirs of snip or ooriilicati's issiii'il. 'riicri' aiv iiiiu'tt'i'ii pioi'i's of whirli 1 am tlu'ownor. i.}. Whi'ii, how, ami of w lioiii iliil you procuro llu'iii ,'— A. 1 lM)Uj;)it tlu'in prior to March, l.**7li. I cannot now li'll of whom I lioii«>lil ihoso particular pieces. 1 li.ivc liou<;ht a ^ooil ileal of this scrip, lirst ami last. I think 1 lion^ht most of these pieces of N. W. Kitsoii ami 1'. Itottiiieaii. I htale jicnerally, now. that all Chippewa scrip lioii^fht or claimeil hy me, except a few s.'atleriiifj iiieces, 1 lioii;;lit in .Saint I'aiikol Horace 'riiompson. .loliu S. rriiico, N. W. Kilson, ami Isaac Nan I'.ttaii. 1 piircliasnl them with nioiiey. Q. Have you no memoramliim or eiilries that will show from whom, when, aiiil :il what price you purchased all your wcrip ? — \. I think I have a inemorandiim of the time. 1 think the avera^ie price of all the Chippewa scrip I have piirchascil has hccii about i?'J per acre. For some 1 have juiid !*'.•. .'id and A:t. and some upward of si! per acre. 1 have liou>;ht some as low as Al mid .si. 'JO per acre. (i. Have you not memiManda that will show the (irice and date and i|uaiitity pm chased from each individual .'— .\. 1 don't think 1 have of all the piirchases. <.i>. Havo you not a memorandum that will show these particulars of mus/ of the pui- clia.ses you have made .' — \, I cannot tell without looking;. if. Can you fjive the ilate of the lir.si I'ousiilciahle purchase you made ,'— A. 1 caii- uot without examiiiatiou. cmriM.WA II vij'-iiur.r.ns or laki; sii'kimou. •J8!) Ii'lill lui 111.' S|,ili> l!«'lltillK lIlDl llO vM'Iril tlijil III (III' I 111' Ills liiilii; sill III' lailiU \> lis (III' IIk' r:lrl Dial Ik' I ill llllow ill;;; liliii .t'ytil'^rlH'ial hail liad .siiiiictliiii^ III l> lllailc llll ^.|ll \ i'\ I llll iiol, linl |iii' r III' llll' laiiils \iiii III" \va^ in a poM- iin)irii)trii't,N in a ' Dill' iiiniiii'iit. Il\ illllilriirr i:|)ii|i — A. Niil iiir iHir ill was ralliil llio III until I was ill IfTMr-A. In iMV rt'ri'lrnri' III ill is ininiissiiiii a stnlr- lion Willi iraiisai'- tlii'si" t'l'i'liliralis r i|iii'stioiis as my liy yiiiir I'saiiiiiia- u'in;i a vi'iy small 1». MOKKISON. il, (Irimsi's as I'l'l- II iral I'statr. I il' l.aki' SinH'iiin. li in Si'ln-ilnli' I', lip or oi'iiilii'alrs lit tlii'in piior III r pii'ci's. I li.'U I' Nt of tlii'si' piri'i's Chippi'wa snip in 'Siiiiii Tanl. ol an. 1 pnri'liascd III), wlii'ii, anil III nioranilnni ol' tlu' in'lia.st'il lias lu'iii ijiwanl of ?i:> pii' iiinl(< !—\. I laii- (/. Can yon jrivi- tin* yiai f -A. In l-'ili'i or jsCi*, to tlir lust of my ri'colli rtinii. It Wilis inailiMtf llorari' 'riionipsoii, pii'siilmi of I'lisl Nalional ItaiiU of Saint rani. i). IMil yon know t'loni whom lii< pioriiiril il .' - A. I ilnl mil. (./. What liii|nlry, if any, iIhI yon maUi' in ii'^^anl to thi' rliaiiirtiT of IIu'mi' ri'itill- i-iilt>N, iiiiil till' iinthoiitv nmlri w hirli thry wi'ir issiinl .' A. I iiiinli' no ini|iiiiy at Iho tilllo. 1 saw on tllr tiici' o| Ihr rrilirirali's that tllrv Wi'l'e issiinl Ity llii- riiitiii Stati'M. i}. Can yon uivo any est i ma I o of l In- nn in I it of thrs rtilliiiti's that yon havi- pnr- rliaiHcil altoKctlii'i' •' - A, I piiirli:isi'il on niy own acroniil, anil on Joint arronnt with olhi'i's, iiH many as IHin. (/. Von .say yon naw on tin' fan' of Ihr ri'itilirati's that tliry wi'ri> issni'il li\ llio I'liiti'il Stairs. I>iil yon not also sit ihiil Ihry wrrr not assi^nalili', ami tin' nali'iit I'oiiUt only III' JNsnril to lhi> prrson nainril in thr ri'ililirati', or Ins hi'ii'N f- A. I iliil. (■). How tinl yon *'\pi'rt to niako Ihrin a\ ailiililr to you ,' .V. I'lacli ci'rtillratr wan aci'oinpanii'il nitli a powi-r ot' altornry to locati', ami a pnwi'r to ncII after loralion, Ity virtiii' of tlii'si' powriH I i'\pi>i'ti'il or iiitcmlril lhat< I, or Ihr prrson who nil);lil Iniy tlii'in of inc, HJionlil Incalo tlii' srrip anil Ihi'ii pi'ii'iTt tltli> to Ihi' liinil. (/. Pill yon not know that thr valiility of yonr litlr mnsi, in any rasr, ilrprml npiiii llin i|n('Nlioii whrthrr till' prrson nanii'il in Ihr rrrtilirntr hail rrally Hi^nnl thr powrr iif iitloriiry or iitlrmpti'il to makr a iraiisfrr or anthori/.r onr :* — .\, I i id ; ami it ilr pi'iuli'il fnrtlitT upon wln-tlur tlio piTMin niiiiii'il woiilil iniikr fnrtlin iisxiiranrr ol tillr if rri|uin<iil yon NiippoNi' that thr powrr of altornry, w hrir thr altornry in fai'f was not, inunril in llitt iimtrninrnt, was valiil '—A. I snppn.snl that thr power to lllcat(^ was Hiif- lieiriitly valiil for tlir piirposr of lortitioii. (j. l>iil yon Miippo.se that a powrr of altornry, rxrrntril nmirr seiil, ami tlio name nf tlio pei'Mon eoiiNtitnteil as attorney left lilank. that aiiv onr eoiihl till Niirh lilank exrept the Olio who hIhiu'iI llie power of at lorney .'— A. I ilnl, niiilrr eerlain eireninNtanceN ; that is to Nay, it' the iierson who si^nril Ihr powrr anlhori/.nl the prrson to whom ho ilelivereil it to llll in the iiaiiir of thr iiltornry, I siipposnl siirh authority was j^ivrn, (anil so int'orinril,) rxprrs.sly m' Inipliril, liy all thr seriprrN who rxrrnteil tlir.sr powrrs of attornry. (/. 'I'lirn yon sii|iposril thai Ihr validity of llirsr paprrs would lu< uD'retrd hy tlir pioil or had faith with wliirli Ihry wrrr proniinl ,'— ,V. Snmrwhal, lint not wholly. (/. 'I'hi'ii how do yon arronni for thr far I, as yon slalnl ahovr, that yon iiiadr no im|nir\ wlirii yon piirrhasnl Ihr rriiilicalrs .'— .\. I nndrrsiooil ihr iinrslion to ri'fir to till' rhariirtrr of thr snip. .\s to ihr rliararirr of Ihr |iowrrs, I madr rx a mi mil ion losro lliiit they were properly w itnes.sril, sijrnrd, and arkiiowlrdj;ril, and in eases w lirrr I ilid not know tlir notary piildie w ilnrssrs 1 nsnally asked the i|iirstion of thr srllrr if lie knew the ])ow'ers wrrr all ri^lit anil what tliey purported to lie. (.). Have yon any rrrollrriion as to win re llirsr powrrs of altoriiry pnrportrd to lie I'xeented and heforewhat prrsons ,'— .\. I liavr. Ilrforr 1'. llrDrrinan. N. I'., Saint I'anl; Charles Mor>i;aii, N. I'., Saint I'anl ; (JeiUfie \V. I'rrsrolt, eirrk Unitrd Statrs eoiiit, Saint I'anl; K'ohert Kairlianks, of Crow U'inj;; .lolin Min-niij, Jr., of Miiiiiiajinlix ; .lames Chapman, of Itaytield, Wis. ; II. .s. Iionaldson, of I'emliina Coiinty, Minnesot Saiiinel Slojin. of Saint I'anl Folsome, of 'I'avlor's h'tills, and others that I do not rei'ollert. All the aliove parties iianied were notaries pnlilir, exrrpt («ror<^e W, I'res- eott. I should think more wrr.> ai'knowli'd;;'ed lirfore II. S. hmialilHon than any other one. (/. Hid you ro^'O'd the viiliie of the certilieatrs as deiu'iidiiiK; in any dr>;ieo upon tho amount anthori/.rd to he issiinl i — .\. 1 did. ((). What iiii|niry did you makr as to the i|nantity antliori/.ed to lie Lssiird 1—\. I in- iliiiird at diU'eieut tinirs and of ilitlrrrnt |irisoiis how many wrie likrly to [h\ issued. (jt. Can you state when and of whom yon made sneli im|uiry f — A. 1 ran up to a rer- taiudiite. ' Tho inipiiries were made of persons most likely to lie in formed of the iialiiro of the treaties and intentions of the Department. It oecnrred to my iiiinil freiineiitly when dealiii}; in scrip ti> ask these (|uesiious. (.}. Did it not oeenr to you that it was important to refer to tho treaty and the orders of the Department authori/ins of lakk sitkhiuk. (). AVliiif itro|Hirtiiih Kl'tlic i>iiiMi> iitliirln'il to tlif c rtiticalcs piiirliaNi'il liy yon. In \(iiir niiiiiioii, iHiipi.riiil III lir iMciitiil at Saint Taiil .'—A. t'aniitit tell, hiil not nmir llitiii a lid I "\v niMiiv l^. Hid , villi fvii inakf aii\ iiii|niiy, mill ifMi. wlun ami of wliiiin, aH to h ('lii|i|n\\a liall-liiriils III' l.aUi) Sii|ifiiiir tluTi' witi- at tin- ilati; ot' tlit' treaty .'~A,i (loll t kiinw that I cMT iiiaili- tl'c iinjiiiry in tliat loiiii. I Iium- ini|nir<>i| winit liali- lii CI ilN anil liow mat ly Wile MiinioMcil to III- ciitilli-il tosnip iiiiiler tliat tnaty. 1 ni.iil, llii> inijiiiry of |nT.siihs .■.ii|i|»omiI to Im' licxt int'ni nu-il mi tliat Milijnt, tin- olll ii-Nitjinis oC MiniiiHota, anil who win- itiatfil hy hloml or tonmifcil in Imsini'MH with ('liipiicwu l>ainl> anil liali-liri'niM. 'I'Imm' wiif iiiaili- aliont the tiiiii- of iiiiiihaNinjj dilfi rent 1,,n cf M I ip, anil prior to piircha.^inn any. 'I'lic an^wriN win-, ;;ciu'i ally, that nil tin- mixnl. hliii'ils of ('liippi«a.s. iif hoth l.aki' Snpiiior and MiN.>.i.>.Mippi liainlN, who could tian' till ii linia;;<) to tin- Lake ?, wiii) t'lilillcd to hciipnmlcr Mik ticatv liiit that their iiiiinlicr was ililfcitntly stated al from I.IMIII to '.'..".((i*, hy dilfereiit |it'i- sons. As to who were eiitithd I iminiied of lion, 11. M. Kice. who stated that all the mixed Idoods of ('lii]i)ie\\ as of W'isionsin and Minnesota. l,t. ^nii have already stated that voii referred to the tieatv to determino tl iif certificates iinlhori/i'il to he i>.siied. I>o voii reinemlier th.it tli nnder the treaty were designated in the following lan;;iia; le iinioiiiit e persons enlill Kach iiead of a laiiiil or >ili^le person over V'l \eais of n;ne. at the ])reselit time, of liie mixed-liloods III inn to ilie C'hippewas of Lake .nal form ,'" — \. I ilo reinemlier it. t,>. Alter reailiii' ldo|(il to the (.'hijipewas of Lake Superior. (,". ^Vhell and of w liom did yon im|Uiie.' — A. I iiii|niieil ill various tiiiu's siiue l-i. I, I think of Mr. Hice. Mr. Nan Ltlati, Mr. Kitson, and others— Mr, Oaks. (,,1. l»o you icmcinlierlhu form of ihc^e certilicates, or have you any of them to whic li von can refer ? — A. I have none here. I rememlicr tlie form. It is herehy expn deeliired tbat any sale, transfer, inort^^ajje, assii»niiieiit. Of l'lei!j;e of this ceitilicate. or of any ri;;ht aceruiii;: under it, will not la; recojrm/.cd . valid hy the riiited States, and that the jiateut for lands located hy virtue tlicreof shall he issued directly to the aho\e-named reservie, or his or her heirs] and shall in no wise inure to the helielit of any other person or persons, and that tiie cdiject and piir- ' ........ ... . . . ■ |.||^^j lersons en ]iose (if this ceitilicate is to identify the said ahove-named as one of the ] to the helielit of the provisions of the seveinh clause of the second article of the treat v atoll ^a:i ' (ii\en under my hand and seal of the Depailment of the Interior, thi.s day and year ibove w litti'ii. 'COMMISSION. Anotiii'.i: ruiivt. '■ rhi;- lertifkate is not assiyiuiMc, ami it is expressly declared that any s.'ile, trans- fer. mort};aj;e, assi>;nnient or pledj;t; ther»;of, or of any ri^ht aecriiiiif^ under it, will not be recognized as valid hy the United States, and the object of this certificate is to iileiitify the said above-named as one of the persons entitled to the beiielit of the pro- visions of the seventh clau.se of the .second article of the treaty aforesaid. pose that we aciiiiired any title to the land before the issuance of the ]iateiit, but that the land was localed for, and that the jiafeiit was to 1 e issued to, the half-breed, and, after ihat, we aeijiiired title from the half-breed, by virtue of the cotitiact to pnrehase, made hetore the issuance of the patent. (.}. Did yon suppose that the lialf-breed could make any valid contract for the .sale of land to wliieh he had acijuired no title, Icfjal or ei|uitahle .'—A. I did, in the same man- ner that I can contract to sell a piece of land in advance of becoming owner of it, ami to which 1 have at the time no title whatever, and the contract being recorded will have the effect to pass the title whenever 1 am iiossessed of it. Q. ^Vllat, in your opinion, was the object of the Department in imtting that restric- tion ni>on the power of the half-breed to alienate ?— A. I do not know. i). Do yon not know that the right of a person toa i)ieceof niilocateii land is worth hss tLau the right to the same lai.d after it is located and patented f— A. I do. lOR. CMIPl'KWA HAM'-IUMCKDS OK LAKE SITKRIOR. 201 cliaHcil liy yoii, III It'll, but tloi liluic iiH to liow iiitniv tlic liciil.v .'~A. 1 |iiiiv«l wiiiit liiili- lit trt'uty. 1 iiiinlr , till' Olll I'l'Nilll'llll HH with ('lii|)|M'\\u iNiii^ iliDiniit liitM that III! the ini\n|. H, who i'oiilil ti'iiK' llllili'l' till' tl'i'iity. , liy illll'iTfiit |iiV- ^tati'il that all lln' 'niiiiio till! uiiiDiint ic jii'i'soiiN nil it lid h iit'ail of II I'aiiiily M'll-llillOlls lll'lll|l<^- iil' land, U> he M'l- I'-ltri'i'd C"liiiijicu;i> this rlaiHi' nl' tli,' 1' (jilVi'llllllcIlt |illt 'lit lU'lll tllilt il ilp- H times .siiirc l^i'il, V t)l" tlU'lll to wlili h ij;(', aHsiijiiiiiciit. or It lie ii'foniiizi'd as I liy viitiii' tlirrciil' 'ii's, and .shall in im II.' (diji'i't and i>iir- lli' pi'lsoMs I'lllillril itiulo of till' trt'aty , this day and yrar 'COMMISSION." at any sali-, traiis- iii^ iindi'i' it, will lii> ctTtilirati' is to hi'iii'lit of thf I'lo- siiid. divi'ii," Ac. till! interest of tin.' eil, as an in;;'eiiioiis as set I'oith in tin.' »n used in the form le liall-lireed or his iitiiuired any tiflf as loeated for, and , we aei|iiiri'd lillf ore the issuance of tract for the sale of I, in the same iiiaii- ji owner of it, ami luing recorded will It liny that restric- w. (iland is worth lis.s . I do. (j, Have ynit, tluMi, iiiiy doiilit hut that the olijei't of tlin |)i'|iin'tiniMit in nutting tliii restrietioii upon the ri^ht to alienate, was to save the hall'-hiei'il from the loss that would lie sustained hy niaUiuu; a sain jireviiiiis to the location and pitteiit ' — \. I have ilouhts, I aiise I lielieve it was well known to the Department at the time the eertitl- rates were issued, that they were liou^ht and sold in the market, and intended so to lie hoimlit und sold hy the parties who reeeived them, meanln;^ the halt'-brueiU .mil their agents. (.{. When you say l>epaitment, whom do you mean? — A. I mean the ollleers of the Department of the Interior. (^ What do you MUppoi»e to Ito the olijeet in puttiiij; this Iau;5Uaj{e in the eerf itleates ? —A. I do not know. il. Do you not helieve that makiujj transt'ers and sales lu't'ore the issiiinj; of the jiat- I'lit or locatiii;; the eeititleates opi'iateij injiiriously to the half-breed .'—A. I ilo not, if they reeeived ffl per acre, as was ^eiierallv elainied. t^. Have you any knowledge of a eliiss of these eertiilcati's known as the (Jilhert Hrri|»? — A. 1 have seen one of them. i{. Were you aware of sueh serip haviii;^ been issued previous to making your pur- I'liases ? — A. I was not. (/. When were the fiiets lirst broun'ht to your kuowledfre that siieli scrip had been issued .' — A. About the time of uial>iii;; my seeoiid [mreiiase. (/. Did you ever ini|nii'eas totlie numberof mixed-bloods belonuin^ to tlieC'hipitewas of J, like Superior, biMiiu heads of t'amilies .' — A. I did, as to how many mixed-bloods lii'loiijfinj; to Lake Superior Cliipiiewas weii' eiitilled to eertilii'Mtes. I eaniiot tell the tmie when the imiuiiy was made, t^. What information did you jjet as to the numbi'r .'•— .\. I could y;et no distinct in- formation a.s to thu number. Uy the Cii.viitM.vx AnasT •,'•.', (j. You havestateil that about tlieliineyou ommeuccd puichasiim these certilicatos vou reli'ired to the treaty, A i itii the view of asi'i'i'tainini;' the probablo i|ua!itity that would be issued. This treaty was dated in l*'.')!, and the persons i.'iititled to lauds iiiider its provisions were then rei|iiii'i'd to be 'il yuai'.s old, or the hi'ads of families. Did it not occur to you as soiucihiii;; reinarkable tliif their claims had not Ici'ii satislieil l'iii]H bit'ore the time you be;nan to make piiicliases.' — A. It did, and therefore I made ilie ini|iiiries. C^. Did you iHi'eriaiu Uiimi siii'li iiiiiiiiiy tliit within one y.Mr after tliu dat ' of thu treaty a census had been taken tinder tlie direction of the a;;eiit of the ('hippewas of Lake Superior of all the persons of mixed-blood eiititleil to luinK under the provisions nf the treaty /—.v. I did not, nor did I know anything; alioiit it until within oiii' year jiiist, except that I found in one list of scrip that I pitrcliased one " (Jilberl " cert ill ;ate, the only one I knew atiytliiii<>' alioitt. (.), Do you remember the date of that purchase .' — A. In l.Tidii or l>(i7. (.}. What was the date of that certilicafe. an>l how di t it diller so that yoit kii'-.v it as a " (Jilbert " certiticate ? — .\. I do not remember the date, but it was made to .Motiy Chickasaw and si^jned by "(Jilbert," and was simply a certilicato of idoutili .atiou. 1 lliiiik it was sijriied by (iilbert as a;fent. i}. Did you know that (Jilbert had been a;;i'nt of Cliippnvas of li iki' S;ipi'rio'.-, an I if .so, when his term as aj;ent tenninated ,' — A, 1 did not know tiiiythin^ ab iiit it, ox- cept what ai>peared niton that certiticate. t^. Did you know anything at the titiio of purchasing these eertilieates by inforina- tioii or otherwise in re;;ard to the means used to induce the half-breed t,'liipiie\vas to apply for the certilicate, and to execute the iiower of attonnsy l—\. Nothing; whatever, except that 1 was informed by the sellers that they paid the half-breeds for tlieiii, and thi' amount alleu for iliai vndiiiij tli) iniiesacknowledf^ed for the sciip. 1.^. Did yon have any I'onnectioii, by advaucinj; money or otherwise, with .1. P. Wilson ill iirocuriiif^ these certilicates .' — A. I did not, nor do I believe he solicited the i.ssiie of liny of these certilicates. 1 know it was a fact that he had nothin;j;' to do with .solieit- iiij; the applications liir the issuin}dications for the issuing of any of these certificates, and that you knew that because if Mr. Wilson had been instrumental in procuring their issue he would have informed you. Is there any reason why he should have been more likely to give voii this information than the information in regard to any other fact in relation to his dealing in these certificates T — A. He was more familiar with the fact that I was dealing in these eeiiifieates than I was with his other transaction in regard to scrip. Q. Some of the certificates under which locations that yon claim were made appear to have been issued to husband and wife, or at least to a man and woman of the same surname. Did you sup)>ose a man and his wife could both be heads of a fuiiiily. or that each would be entitled to lauds under the treaty f — A. I don't remember having noticed such cases. Q. In what comity are these lands now claimed by yon located f — A. I think all in Cass County. I have never seen the lands. Q. By whom were these locations made or the lauds selected ? — A. The explorations and selections were made by Mr. E. S. Hall. I re<|ue8ted J. P. Wilson to employ a person to explore and select and attend to the locatio">, and E. S. Hall was the person employed. Q. Did the half-breed whose name is mentioned in the certificate have anything to do, so far as you know, in making the selections or the locations f — A. Nothing except by his attorney. Q. The person named as the locator of the first piece mentioned in your list is Ed- ward S. Hall. Do you know at what time his name was written in that power of attorney ? — A. No, sir ; 1 do not. I am pretty sure it was in blank when I purchased it. Q. According to the best of your recollection, were the powers of attorney attached to the certificate under which these locutions were made in blank when you purchased them ? — A. They were. Q. What did you do to procure the locations to be made under these certificat(;s ?— A. 1 gave the certificates to J. 1*. Wilson with the re, 25— 80 acres. No. 278. Rosalie Richard, south half northwest quarter, 2, 52, 25—80 acres. No. 282. Mary Smith, south half northeast quarter, 3, .'")2, 25 — SO acres. No. 224. Marie Lerance, south iialf southeast quarter, 34, 53, 2.> — i^O acres. No. Kil. Baptiste Dejarlin, lots 1,2, aud 3, 3,52, 2,')—8(>.83 acres. No. 21)5. Maria Slater, h)ts 2, 3, and 4, 2,.52,25— 81.3t). No. 185. Francois Fidler, north half northeast quarter, 25, 53, 25—80 acres. No. 21)7. William Slater, southwest quarter northeast quarter aud uorth- west quarter southeast quarter, 25, 25, 53—80 acres. Sioux. II. B. Scrip : No. 411. D. Alexis La Framboise, southwest (juarter northeast quarter, southeast o]is; a^^cd lii'ty-two y<>ai'H; ocunpation, a liiiiiliornian. I am one of tlu> lii'iii of Faniiiaiii iV Lovt'joy, wliicli linn iNllii* owiier of a two-tliirds iiitciCKt in scvciitt'i'ii fiitiifs »it' land, niidcrccrtilicatt'Hof Cliip|n'wa lialf-Iircfds of Lak«( Sii|K'rior. Tins land was inircliascd, after tlio lo>-ations had lit-i'u iiiado in Ir'(il), of Winihrop Youn<<; and iictijainiii Kcont'. 'I'lic otlicr third is owned hy J. it. (iillfillan, es(|., of Minneapolis, I think wi> jiaid altont livt« dollars ]ier acre. The linn of Farnhani iV Lov<'Joy alsoowiis lour additioiml t'litries, under eertiticates nnnihiM'ed a.s follows: I7:t in the nanio of Charles D^iinaries, located on .south half mutlu'iist (piarter of seetion ;!-', township 111, ranj?'' *-ii*. No, (I. (it'orj;e II. (lakes, located on south liuU" iimthwest ([luirtor of section:?!, town- ship -Sti, raiijje •,",», No, 'JI17. Antoine Movjcan, located on west half northeast <|uarter of sccti«>ii ;'.l. town- ship -Ki. ranite 'i;*. No, l.'iS, Jlenry \'atiaei>, located on east half northeast quarter of section lU, tow i' ship -KI, laiifie •,'!•. 'J'liese certilicates were i»iucliascd l»y myself of II. T. Welles, as agent for Mr. \ uii Ftteii. of Saint I'anl. in l.iiiti or Hii*. and located, 1 think, in lin'.K 1 paid Sll.riO per acre. [ think ; it inij;ht have been more. AVe never dealt in any other Chippewa scrip or lands loeateil under them, except as pveseiiletl here. These lands are in (.'ass C'ouiity. S. VV. FAKNHAM, MK.MUIiAMiA. St r'qi lociittit Jidy'M au())il, \f<{)i], Ftiniham iS' Loirjoif. ll.'i D. West h.'ilf southwest (|iiarter of section '2, V.\^, :>l, Arseiie Moiiisette. UCi I>. Fast half southwest , :U, Roj^er Aitkiiis. 1('7 ]), West half southwest quarter of section '.i, l:W. lU. Charles Oraiit. 141 1). Fast lialf southeast quarter of section 4, I'M, 'M, Francis Lofiiie, 7:i ]). East half northeast quarter of section 1>, hVJ, :U, .John U, Hottiueaii. 141^ 1). Fast half northeast tpiarter of section 4, i;?l>, III, Mary Lojjue. l'>8 C. Southwest quarter northeast qiiiirter ttiul northwest (luarter southeast i|iiarter of section 4, \'S[), 'M, Fraiivois Labat. i;t7 1). Fast half northwest quarter of section 10, HW. Ul, Marie Laframboi.se. i:U I). West half northeast i|iiartcr of section M, 1!W, III, JIazil Ledoiisier. 140 D. Fast half northwest quarter of seetion :{4. llUt, M, Mary A. Laframboisc. 17 C, Wtst half northwest quarter of seetioii 10, lltO, l!l, John Tanner. T'i D. Fast half .southwest (piarter of section 'M, lltO, ;!1, Mary R. IJottinean. Charles l)aiiiarit'S, 8(l. Soiitli half of iiortiieast (juartcr of section ',ii, township !(!. raiifte 'Jl*. No, 17:5, treaty IS'4, H. Chippi'wa. (ieoifie II. (lakes. Fast half northwest , 15. C. Antoine AIor»aii, "^0. West half northeast quarter of section ;]1. Samo as aliove. No. •.':!7, C. C, Harvey Naiiase. Fast half northeast ([uart'-r of section lU. No. liV. No. (I, At ta'sT \W, 187"J— '2 p. m. T. 15. Wai.kk.I!, recalled: Question. State what yoa know of lands in sections 4, ."), 8, ami 0, township 115;?, i;niyi> 28. — Answer. I knoiv they iiie of no value for afiriciiltural purposes. They are on i1m> wot bank of the Mississijipi River, ojtposite Ibainard. 1 understand the county-scat of Cass County is located on these s.'Ctions, Q, In your former testimony you referred to lands that yon claimed were located nnder pcrs(nial aitplications of th(> half-lueed. State what you know of the parties who procured those applications to be niiule, and how they piH)curey were entitled, and he wished to make tht^ locations for inc. as he liiul no lauds he w ished to locate for himself. I neither knew the ajiplicaiitH nor where they lived. 1 never saw anv of them. 1 had no reason to think they were not en- tilled. 'I«i8c'.s as fdllow.s. riiiaii. I am mu' -tliinlti iiitci't'.st ill if Lakti .Siipiuioi'. ^l)'.>, ol" Willi lu(t|) I tliink \V(> |iiii(l IN t'oiiral. Iiiuii- Heutioii :n, liiwi' i^tMit lor Mr. Vail tliein, except as v. FAKNIIAM. )iimetto. isetto. ■, tbriiicrly Marion- tt'i', Hjiiiieily Ma- is, rant. lie. incaii. It'. ioiitlK!asti|iiarter 10 tun'ii.ship and Sauu) as aliovc . iisliip l;>;5, ranm' Tlu^V air on the I tile t'oniit\ -scat <1 wero locatril V of tlie paitifs >in to lie made. — loin, exeept that or iiie, as he hiiil ■ants nor where lOV were not <'ii- ciiiPPKWA ii.vLi'-r.rii^i:i).s or lakk sii-erioi?. 21^5 Q. What papers did Wilson assiirn or execute to yon at the time yon iiiaile thix p ir- eliase f — A. lie made a memonindnin aijreement tliaf he wonhl locate ei-rtaiii lands on descriiitions to lie fnniished hy me at two dollars and a hall' per acre. AfterwMid he l)i'oiio yon iiiean to say that Mr. Wilson sidd to yon locations made on personal ajipli- cations lielVu'o the applications were made .' — \. He entered into ;iii aLtreeineiH lli it he would liiid parties entitled to locatt', and would (irocnie .-i locality hy thuiii of the ti acts I should name, and would make a conveyance of the same to inc. (/. I understood yon to say aliove. that when yon liar^ained with Wilson yon sup- )io-ied the parties on who.se liehalf he was contiiK'tin;;' were entitled to lands under tlie treaty, and you now say that yon did not know who the parties were on whose lielialf he was proposint li i.; about it. Q. Did yid yon not hear rumors at or before that time that Mr. Wilson was eansin;;- jiroof to he iniKle and ])rociirinji applications on behalf of persons who were not, in fact, en- titled? — A. I do not think I ever heard the matter in iitioned or discoursed, or siwdieii of by any jierson. (J|. Did you not yourself suspect that that was the casef — .\. I certiiinly diss than two and a half dollars per acre, because of the cost to him of the right of entry, but he did not .state to me what he paid the parties for that right. Q. What facilities had Wilson more than yon or any other m'.in wlio wislie.l to buy land for procuring those personal applications of tht^ half-breed .' — A. He had an exten- sive ac(|naintiiiiee thronghoiit tin; State with Indian treaties and atiairs. He also had time and inclination for hnnting up such matters, w-hicli I did not. ' Q. When you made these purchases did Mr. Wilson say that he had made any a'j;ree- inent with any iiarticnhir half-breeds through whom he could jtrocnre the locations lU'- sired ?— A. He said he knew of half-breeds whose right to locate he could procure, lint he did not name any of the parties. if,. Did you not know that under the terms of this treaty a man and his wife were not Viotli entitled to eighty acres of land.'— .\. Tliey might have lieeii at tin? lime ol' the treaty, anil afterward have married, but at the time of this agreement I knew nothing about the parties. . (.}. How did yon suppose an unmarried female conld be entitled as head of a fam- ily .' — A. Tliey are entitied by the treaty if over twenty-one at the date of the tre.ity. Q. Did Mr. Wilson at this time say anything in regard to the number of half-breeds that were entitled, and whether the claims were not pretty much all taken up.' — A. He did not mention to me the nuinlier of pi'rs ins entitled, bat I tliink he niiMitioned they were getting scarce. <,/. Do you know of any otlu'r jiartics that were dealimr in these p;'rs>)na! applications re oihcM' nersons dealing hesides .Mr. Wilson ?— A. At that ti.ne I don't think I did. (}. Did you before or since .' — .V. I have sinc<'. heard then in them. I'eter Uoy. of Little Kails, sent down at one time tliree applications. Q. Do you know of Mr. Wilson iirocnring for other (tarties lands under these )ieis(mal applications; and. if so, what jiarties. and when / — A. I did not know then id' his mak- ing entries for other persons, and do not now know that he did. I think lie told me at the time that he was going to make some entries for himself under thesis applications. ynestion by K. 1'. S. How long time ela[i.sed hetween making these apidicatioiis and turning thi'iii over to yon 1' — Answer. I am not sure, but think it was two months, or two and a half mouths from the time I gave him the descriiitions of the land to the time he came to me with the deeds. I gave him the miiiutes for location at the time of the memorandum of agreement. (f. by K. 1*. 8. Is it your understanding of the matter that, during this two months ami a half, the half-breeds hail been in iierson at the land-orticc, and located their 'M' ■ill *■};; .■'I 1 •.•■it- •i( I, ■..:-■: fil'T .1 ■.•■■■ IV_'::|'f. : ' I 11 1 I : ! 296 CHIPPEWA HALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. claims on the tracts (Icsciibed in your minutes ? — A. That was my bolii^f at that time, and is my heliet" now. Q. by K. 1*. S. Did yon t \or see any jMiwcr of attorney to locate under these personul applications? — A. I don't think I ever did. (/. by E. V. S. What title did Mr. Wilson j^ive yon to these lands? — A. A <|uit-clainv deed. lie ajjreed with me to {•ive a warranty-decil of that land, but lie eanie to Dr. IJntler when I was away and left a iinit-claim deed, and ptt his moiuiy. When I saw Lim the next time, I asked him if he had left a warianty-deed, and he said he had. (}. by E. P. 8. What evulenco have you that .1. 1'. Wilson hail any rifjlit in those lands ? — A. He exhibited the deeds that were made by the half-breeds to him. and nlso cert ilicates from the re;fister of the land-oflice that those parties had made locations upon those jiarticnlar lands, and that is the way he fooled Dr. Hutler. (). by E. P. S. Have yon tho.se deeds, or were they recorded in theortice of th.e rejjis- ter of deeds ? — A. I don't know whether we have them or not. They were all recorded at Little Falls. I went to Little Falls and examined the records, and found them all recorded. i}. by E. P. S. Were these deeds executed by the half-breeds themselves, or throuj^U an attorney ? — A. I don't know. (The coi»y of the aureemeni with Mr. Wilson, referred to above, and also the certili- cate from the land-olllce, is hereunto attacheil. 8ee \o. 154.) i}. .State what you know of locations claimed Ity Henry T. Welles in township 141, ran<;e 32, located under certilicates numbered as follows: Nos. (iO, 7n. :{3, 21,r>.'), 104,li.">, U'J, ami 10;j; also, Ut!, :54,:2lt, 'loy, and I think I nuule the locations for him also. Mr. Welles paid me for makinj; the ex|>lorations, and 1 think the locations. Ho said he would yive me one-third of the proceeds or jtrolits on t!ic lanf\iSM per acre. The timber is very good, but they are on snuiU streams and re- mote, which would make the diivinjj of io;;s expensive. i}. In view of the rapid increase of the value of pine, are not these lands worth a gnat deal nujre money at this time than yon have stated .'—A. Well, if thv title was l>erfect, I suppose, they would isell for )jd j)er acre. Cojty of (III ayrcctiu'iit hrlwitii J. P. Wilion, of Suiiit Cloud, dud T. B, Waller, of Miii- mujiolis. This article of ajirccnu-nt, made and entered into this I'.lih day of April. A. 1). 1"'70, by and between J. P. Wilson, of .Saint Cloud, Minn., party of the lirst part, and T. 1!. Walker, of Minneapolis, Minn., party of the second, bears witness that the aforesaid J. P. Wilson, party of the lirst part, does hereby covenant and ajj;reo to locate, adjust, ami perfect titles to the followinjj-described tracts of land, to wit : The west half of northeast (juarter of secth)n "2, townshii) 5.") north, ran<>e 2t). The southwest (luarter of northeast quarter and northwest of southeast (puirter, sec- tion lit, township oo north, ranj^e 26. The south half southeast <|uarter, section 3, township 1)4 north, ranffe 25. The mntheast quarter of southeast quarter and southeast (pnirter of northeast qiuir- ter. section 3, township i"i4 north, raiij^e 20. The southeast (pnirter of southwest quarter, and southwest quarter of southeast quarter, section 10, township iJ4 north, rani^e 2."). The south half of uiu'theast quarter, section 35, township 54 north, raufjfe 25. The east half of southeast qmirter, section 35, township 54 north, ranjfe 25. The west half of northwest (pnirter, section 5, townshii> 54 nortli, ran}>e 25. Tin; east half of northeast art the sum of two dollars and lil'ty cents (.•>2.5t)) per nere for the above lauds upon delivery to him of gooil ami sulHcient warranty-deeds of the same. Jjigned in presence ol' — J. P. WILSON. I". U. WALKKK. t. U'alhei; of Mill- CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 297 * This rtKieeniciit rowts n])oii the condition thiit tlie Chippewa personal applications made for the entry oi' the within-desciihed lands shall be ailowtnl to be good by the Interior Department ; otherwise it is not bindiii}:. * Received, Saint Clond, April lit, ]r*'(), of T. JJ. Walker, the sum of live dollars, us part payment on the within-described lands. Copy of vertijkvfe. I I, Charles A. Gilniaii. register of the United States land-oftice at Saint Clond. Mmn., do hereby certify that the followinfi-dt\seribed tracts of land were selected at the Saint Clond land-ottice by the i)erson8' names set opposite t.'>, range "Jii. -^i* acres. Moise Itocett, east iialf southeast unarter, section '.\'>, township .">4. range 'iri. f?0 acres. Gilbert Helleiiiiiird, south half southeast (juarter, section ;i, township 34, range '27\, 80 acres. Sophia Uelle, range 2(5, Co. 10 acres. Charles Swan, south half of northeast quarter, section :!■">. township .'i4, range 25, 80 rtlres. Isabella Aniiste, northeast ((iiarter southeast quarter, and southeast ([uarter north- east tiuarter, se(-tion :'>, township .">4, range 2."), .»(l acres. Charles lloule, north half northeast urchase of these lands — Answer. Mr. Wintluop Young, Benjamin Keeiie, and myself were the parties originally interested, and who procured the lands to be explored, and the scrip to be located upon it. We found the scrip in the hands of Messrs. Thompson, bankers, in Saint Paul. A small liortion of it we bought of Dawson, Berry & Co., bankers. Saint Paul. Tiiey claimed to be the owners of it, and had it iu their possessi(ui, or perhajts to bo the agents of the original scripee. At any rate, they claimed to have th(> control of it and the full right to sell it as agents or owners. This was in the month of .June or July, 181)0. I cannot reim;mbi.'r the circumstances of the transaction. These bankers also had the usual powers of attorney for locating tiie Hcrip ami conveying the land. These powers were executed by the scripees. They were separate instruments, one for locating the land, the other for conveying the laiul. The scrip and the powers of attorney were sold and delivered to us for a consiilerati(Ui, i)aid in money liy us at the time. For numbers 7:{ I), and 17 C, and 1 (', and 158 C, we paid at the rate of s2.75 per acre to Dawson. Berry \ Co. The balance of the thirteen pieces we bought of Thomps(»u Bros, at the First National Bank. Saint Paul, al; the rate of sH per acre, paid iu cash at the time. This scrip was located .Inly 2ii and 21, IHliO, at Saint Cloud. We took the scrip and caused it to be located on the several tracts as described in tin,' mini\tes of testimony of S. W. Farnham, as. just resid to me. The lands were afterward conveyed under the jiowers of attorney to Mr. Young and myself by warranty-deeds in the usual form, which appears of record in the oliice of the register of deeds in the proper county. The powers of attorney wen^ also recorded there. We liought the scrip iu go< d fiith, supposing that we were getting fomethiug of value from the real and e(ini- tal le owners of the scrip, and that it would secure to us the clear and undoubted title to )be lamls upon which they might be located in fee-simple. At the tinu; the lands weie c uiveyed to Mr, Younu' and mvself we irave Mr. Keau a bond lor a deed to one- * This was writteu ou the luaryiu ol tlo origiuiil agreement. ■i ■ *^11 .-■; . _ t , /Hi • -■ li"''', w ,>,■ 208 CIIII'I'KWA HALl'-llKKKDS OF LAKE St'l'KHIOU, tliiril inti'i'i'Ht in tlif laiiil to Ix' cDnvcycil to liiiii iipxi tlio )i;iyint>nt of ii (M'ltaiii isuni whitli lie iilti rwiinl )i:iiil. Siil>H<'(|iiciiily, itt ivlial iMrtiMc tiiiic I ('iiiinot Hlarc Mr. Kcaii anil Mi'. Voiiii>;noIiI and I'onsc.vrd tlirir I wit-tliirdM inti'ii'.si to randiani iiuil Kovf- , joy, this lirni |iayiiin to Ymin;; and Kcan tlio money that tlicy had advanced I'oiihe Meiiit and lor siiiveyinn ||ie laud and for all otheiesitenses eoiineeted with the linsines-i and twelve |iei' cent. intereNi jier annnni. and, I think, a small honns; do not know how nnii'li. Iiiil it was small. I think llwy |i.ii(l loilhis two-ihirils interest not tar from .S">,l'<'ii, I'liiin relleetion, I think it was a little less than s.'i.i'i'il, hnt eaiinot stale )iositively ; and they are the pleseiit owners, so tai' as I know, ot' these t wo-tliii'ds. I elaiin to lie ihe owner ot' my oiie-thiid orijiinal iaierest I h.i\e with me the oiii_riM;!l Miemoranda of the imrehase of 'rhompson A ISros. at l''irst N.itional itank, in Hiiti. I understood at the time that it was the nsnal wav of making t itii' toiands loeated w ith thiskind of serip.and that it was a )iraeiieesaiieiioneil and aiithori/ed .ind eni'i>iii'aL;ei| liy the hepartment of the Inteiiorand the ollieers of the liovernment, and that they were issninn patents tor lands loeated in this way, ami Inid lieeii sk issiiinit tliein with out oli.jeetion. I did not entertain a doiiht or siispieicni hnt that we should ^ei oar title. I knew of thousands iif aeres that were lieili;. rip was wi ]iosed we were pa.\ inu .it the time all t,h to ii» over aH;ain. I wonid not touch it. (,». Where did vou and Mr. Kean and Mi'. Voiin i'i|iiii 'd in this wav. \Vi rth, iiiid think SK yet. If it was ■side in l~tlii. and what was yonr business? — \. We all resided at ."sainf Anthony. 1 was ennaucd in praetieiny; law, makiiiir what little money I could, and invi'sted it in real estate, hecanse I thoii;;'ht Li, more secnro, and willi the view to a secure investment I IioiimIiI this sciiji. Mr. Vouiii,'- wa.s eiijjajjed somewhat in the Imiihei' husine.ss. also .Mr. Kean. at the time, and were desirous of securing; additional pine-lands to (iromote their liiniheriii;; interests, and they lirst called my attention to this, and asked me to >;o into it for the reason (hat Ihey had not the reiidy money for the investment. (}. I[ow lonjt lU'evioiisly had you resided .-if Saint .\nthoiiy, and how lonjx had yoa hpen enj;aj;ed in practice of law .' — A. [ had lived there since l-^.'i7, a'- . hiw-stndent until It'titt, and was in practice al'ter that. This is the lirst and only investment, of this kind I ever made. Q. JIad you. jirevious to thfs time, read the tr«'aty under \vh ( h these Cliiiipcwa half-breeds derived a linht tothe.se lands? — .\. I never read it until last winter or sprinff. My information was derived mostly fnnn ini|niries made at th(> time of the IMirchase of tlit> .scrip. (j. Canyon furnish copies of the .scriji. and of the ]»o\vers ot attorney, now .'—A. The scrip. I suppose, has been returned to the (Jeiieral Land-* >lliee. The powers of attorney are upon record. I can i;et copies ot' those and of the conveyances. i}. Itid not these eertitieates contain a cliinse of the treaty seciirinj; lands to the Clii|))>ewa half-breeds of Like Superior.' — A. I do not remember. I have not seen this scrip since it was located, in Irtid. nor have I seen any pieces of similar scrip, and do not remember the form of it. *.). Do yon not know that the certilieafes contained the statement that they were not assi>;nable, and that no rijiht under them could bt> assijjned or traiiNfened. and that the patent issued under the saint! would mure to the benelit of the half-brceils named therein, or their heirs and to no one else, and that the ob.ject of the eertitieates wasonl.v to identity the persons entitled .' — A. I do not know whether I read the ci'r- tilicales carel'nlly. I cannot now recall a siiinle provisimi of any of the eertilicates. I knew at the time that people <;eneraily were seciiriiijij titles under powers of attorney. and fiillv believed a d title could he saved in that wav. I do not now rememln whether I knew fully jit the time the provisions ol the scrip. This was previous to any controversy, so far as 1 knew, respeetinj;' this charaL'ter (d' scrip, and we did scriitini/e M'lill V as we won Id h; >lie at a later dav. li>. .Siipposin^:; the eertitieates to have contaiiied the iirovisions stated in the last i|nestion, what rinht or title do yon say. as a lawyer, was it i>ossible for yon to aci|iiire bv the )Mircliase in the manner before stated .' — \. 1 think the title would becomeyeil by the iiovernment to the half-breed, and innie to ns by virtue of the conveyance exe- cuted under the power of attorney. (.). As I nnderstand it, the eertitieates or scrip which yon received upon tlieinirchase ilid not ilescribe any partu'iilar piece of land, and. tiierefore. the half-breed at the time had uo title, leijal or eiiuitahle, to any tract of land. C\>uld lie. then, convey any title, leu;al or eiinitalde, to any trtict of land, or make any transfer whatever, except tiie transfer of the papers which yon rcceiM'd '! — A. I suppose a power of attorney to con- vey land was siilhcient to convey land siibseinii'iitly acquired : and, as I understand it, these powers of attorney I'et'erred to the eertitieates of scrip by their numbers, and to the treaty nnilcr which they were issued, andanthori/ed thi' cimveyance of sinli land as mii;ht be loeated ov aei|uired under tlii' described certitieate or .serin ; and even if tlu' conveyance antedated the issue of the patent. I don't know hnt the title would iiinit to our beiietit by estoppel as soon as the patent should lie issued to the half-breed. l,». I don't think yen answer my iinestion. What I to k now IS, w hat title or on. <>f II (M rtjiiii Miiiii illllliK sliitr. Ml', iiliaiii iiiiil l.ov.'. tlvaiiccd liii' I 111' villi rlit' liiisiiK'Ni x: ilo not kimw iiMci'i'Mi iidi r,ii- ml (Miiiior stall' *i' l\V(i-|liii'i|s. I I iiic till' origin;, 1 t:inl\, ill l-^rii'i. I Ills lociitt'il Willi ami t'ni'iiiir;iL;('(| I. llIliI tlial llicy iiiii^' llicin witji slioiild !i'('i our 1 way. We siip- K ,Vt't. If it was I what was yinir IM'ai'iiciujj law, iiiNc I tlii)U!;'lii a rip. Mr. Vmiinr • time, anil wnc IK iiitcrt'sts, anil the rt-asim ilmt nv loiiji liati yoii V- . Ia\v-stu(i('iit ivustiiu'iit lit' I his tlifsc C'lii|i|ii'\va il last winiiT or : the tiiiit' of thu iinicy, now .' — A. The iiinvi'is of lllCl'S. liji laiiils to the liavn not stM'ii iiilar scrip, anil that thi'y wimi- tfansfiM'ii'il, ami the hall'-lirciMls tilt' fiM'tilicati's I icail till' cor- c'fi'tilii'ati's. I riTs ofattDriii'V. I iiiiw rcini'inlii'r Itri'viims to any ■f (lilt sci'iitiiii/.i' itt'il ill till' las; r yon to aciiiiiic ilil lit' t'omt'vi'il .'iinvi'yani'i' t'xi'- lon tlii>]inn'liast' it'i'il at thf tinic nivt'y any titii', 'Vfl', ('Xt't'|lt till' attoiiu'y to coii- I niitlt'i'stanil it, inniht'i's, anil to lit' siii'li lanil as iiitl I'Vt'ii it' till' fit' wtiiilil iniMi half-lirt'ftl. is, what titli' or CHIPPEWA HALF-HRKEDS OK LAKE SUPERIOR. 200 rijjlit yiiii siipiiosn pnHsi'd hy tin- |»iir<'lnisn iiiiulii rnini tlio li.ilf-lirt'cil, or what rij;lit or titli^ till' piTNoii (li-aliii^ with thf halfhit'cil iiolil pri'\ ions to isMiiiii}; of the ]iiiti'nt '— A. 1 Hiipposi'tl IIk^it wiiH an iiicliiiatc ri^lit or titlt^ wliii'li woiilil luictniii' pi'rl'iii^fi'tl in course 111' tiiiii'. and that we wen- in c(|nity Hiiliroj^ated to all the rinlilM of tht; hiilf- liret'd to any laiitl lie nii^lit h<^ entitled to iMider tlit< treaty ; and that the powers of Bttorney aceoinpanyiiiK I lie certiliciites would secure to ns in the iMid a eoiiiplutu title, both li'iral and et|iiitalile. (,». W'eitHho powers of attorney execnteil in hlank .' I mean was the name of th« )iersi>ii authori/.ed to make the i^oiiveyaiice wi'itteii in the iiistniinent, or was there a lilaiik let't for the iiiiine to lie siilisei|iiently inserted ? — A. Tiie iiaiiie was notwritleii in the power, but a blank was left for the iiaine to bt^ inserted. (/. Is it '. our nnderstaiiilinii that such a power was of any validity until the name was wi'itten in by the party makiii;lit be witli ro.spi^ct to third parties. <./. ])oii't you know, a.s ti lawyttr, that it is a ^reneral ruitt that the lillin;r of blanks in a tleed, after its execution, exce|»t in piU'suauet! of authority under seal, is re<;ardi'd as an alteration which will vitiate the instrument ?— A. It is, aBUgeiicial rule. There is no doubt about the general rule. (;. Can you refer to any le^al principle wiiicli di.stin}i;»i'*liP't <••' withdraws the jiowor uiitler which you hold from the, operation of this fjeneral rule i — A. I think there are exceptional cases, where the doctrine of e(|uitablo estoppel would iuterpo.sc and with- draw the case from the operation of the rule, as in this ease ; wliero the lialf-brtHid has rec«!ived in money all that his seriji and his I'ijjhts iindtir the treaty were worth, nml had jjiven jiowers of attorney in blank, with autlnirit.y to till them up nml execute them antl deliver them, it seems to me they would be ijood as betweiiii the jiarties, when they inifrht not be good if the rights of innocents or third party sboultl inter- vene. C^. Was it not your uiiderstaiulin;? that these powersof nttovnoy, liUo all others, were revocable at the pleasure o' the jiarty makinf the government iimler which the right to locate laud is claimetl. — A. I do not see as it changes the nature of the eiiuitit!s between the parties, whether thti seller has in fact aci|nired the title or suhseiiuently aci(uires it, if he places himstdf in the same position with reference to it. If he makt^s a bimling contract for the .salt; of laml that he tloesnot own, it may be enforced as soon as he becomes owner of it ; or if he gives a warraiity-tleetl of lantl that he tloes not own, but snbsei|neiitly aci|iiii'es, it immetliately inures to the grantee. I don't know what ett'ect woultl be given to such a tleclaration by the tJuvernmeiit. t/. Is it your understantling, as a lawyer, that a contract to convey lands that are not tlescribetl, and whose location is not known, antl to which the jiarty contracting t » make the conveyance has not title legal or et|iiitable,caii be eiiforcetl by any process known to a court of etpiity t — A. I do not know as it can, but if a power of attorney is given to convey any tiact of lantl that might be aciiiiiretl from a s[ieeitied source, ami a deed is ■ ■■!• 4 ' ifi^)" >':■ f f.' :'-\ .n }n I 300 IIIHTEWA llALl-MKKKDS OF LAKK SIJPKKIOK. ul'li'iwiiiil ){ivt>n ill |»iiis\iiiiifi> of ilu> iiowi-r, ami while it was in full I'oni', il simmiis to iiii< it woiiltl liolil valid. <). Tlu'ii, if I iiiiilciHtaiitl von, yon do not siiiniosi^ tliat if afli-r or l>iiifi'iii Mlioiild isMiio to tli)> liall-lii't'fd fortlni lands to wliicli lii> slionld li(> entitled, the in'isiiii iiaiiii'd as attorney should icfiiso to iiiako the convc.vaiice, and t!i*> half-hrord slioiiJd revoke the power, yon would have any riyht tocoiniiel the eonveyaneo to lie made A. 1 do not know what wonld he our hest leniedy. We should have to take our t'liaiiees. i). Yon have statetl in a t'oniier answer that the (ioverninent sanetioned and «'ueour- a;;ed the proeuieineiit of titles in the inaniiei' ahuve deserilted. Will ytin .state any in- stances that you have known, ^ivin>; the names of the olHeeis thi'ou;;'li whom tlit«(io\ erniiieiit eneoiira^fed the hall-hreeds in at(ein|itin;;' to make sales of their interests hy transfer ot' the eertitieates ami theexeention of Idank powers of attorney, as mentioned ill your testiimmy .' — A. I havt> no personal knowledjjein regard to the matter, hut m\ inftu'iiiatimi was hearsay evidence. In reirard to the location of this land, I di<> not at- tend to it in )>erson. >lr. Kean. one of the parties interested, did the hnsiness at the land-oillee. Nor have I any knowledge as to what th(> halflneeds received lor their lights ill the certificates. .1. n. (il!,KILLAN. Nti. T. MAltl.iiX Hi.M'K, heiiis ^*y ""' '"'■*' itses as follows ; My residence is .Minneapidis; ay;e is lit'ty-two years: occupation is surxeyiu;; and oxamiiiin>; lands: have been en;;ii<;eil in that business in Minnesota and Wisconsin wince the year IS 17. Q. State what tipp(U'tuuiti<>s you hav(> hail of beeomini> aei|uainted with the chiirac- ttu' and value of pine-lauds on the Mississippi K'iver ami tributary streams in tht> State vt' Minnesota. — A. 1 have been select inj"; lands for parlies who liav<> been heavy ptir- ehivsers in the waters «>f Sntike Kiver, (iroiiud-lloiise K'iver, Iviini River and its trilin- turies, I'iiie Kiver, and on the Mississippi Kiver as hij^h iiji as the ceded lands extend on that river, nior*- or less sinct> lS."i-|. i). (.'an you stated what, in the spring of HTl. was tlie value of y;ood averay;e ]iiiie- lands per acre, say in the county of I'ass, on the Mississippi Kiver, or its tribntiiiics reasonably convenient to streams snitabit! for loir-drivinj; ? — .\. That would depend upon the location, measurably, of the lands, even within the limits meutioned in your <|Uestioii. (}, Have you the moans of knowinjj at the time indicated the value of pine-lands about or in the vicinity of roke;rauia Lake, near tjie Mississippi Kiver '! If so, ymi may state what their value was, and the facts upon whicli yon base your opinion. — A. That is the best pine country (I speak of the iinality of the pine) wi^ have now in the State, and 1 have .seen all tlie pine re;;ioiis of the State, respectively. The nuan- tity of jiiiie upon these lands is not as <;reat as there is or has Ih^cii in some other dis- trij'ts. The facilities t'or driving would be as jjood from l*oke>raina as from any other ]dace ill the State. I should say that s<">«l pine-lands in that vicinity would be worth !?!(' per acre at the time iiientioned ; that \v(Mild be a reasonable valuation. Q. What, in your Jndfjiiieiit, could the "stuiiipa;j;e" of such lamls be sold for jier 1,0lI0 feet in the siuiiig of lirTl .' — A. It could have been .sold readilv for !<'2.'M per l,IM»il feet. (). What, ill your judgment, wcnild be the value of selected pine-liind in the follow- ing townships and rang(> .' — A. I should put the lands .selected in township ;">"), range ;;.'(5, at §7 to sS jter acre; in township l:t,">, range :10, at ¥■"> jier acre: in townships ll!.'i and I U>, range :!1. at i?-? to .s."> per acri". The pine on the last ilescribctl lands is limited in amount — would average over !ji;4 per acre ; m township .'>•,>, rangi^ '-it!, from ijir) to ij" (icr acre; in township .'>H, range "Jli, wonld uveriige over *(! per acre: in township Ml, range 'ii*, from 85 to i<7 per acre, and has a very good growth of Norway pine ; town- ship l;}?', range "Jit, at s7 per acre. I estimated the value of lands in township !:{'.• and 140, range 'M, at .S:5 to !*.'> jicr acre, on account of expensivt> route fcu' driving the logs. The Dortheri) township would go by way of Leech Lake and Leech Lake Ifiver. t^. AVould the hinds be wtirtli the prices yon have named, in the year lH(il> and 1S70 .' — A. They wonld. Q. How much more wonld the lands be worth now, if any ? — A. They have atlvaiiced in value at least 1'2 i)«'r cent, jter annnin, as an investment ; il may be that I hohl pine- lands higher than stnue other i)arties on account of my knowledge of the limited amount of good pine-lands in the country. In estimating the value of jiine-lands 1 estimate the value per acre of the t^ntire subdivision entered or purcha.sed. 1 csti- luate the value only for the liitie, regarding the land, as a general thing, to be value- less after the lumber is taken otl'. In the Kokegaiua Lake country there is no small growth of pine of i.iiy value. (>ri't>, it Mi'i'iiis to ciMprKWA iiai-1"-hri:ki»s of \.\kv. srrKiMoit. ;M)1 Ily Ml', Kino : i). Ciiii yon ^;iv«< iiny spocilii' ili'Mcription ot tin' liimls ri'ti'irnl to in vmir tcHtiimtiiy, art till intolli^i'iit litksis I'niin wliidi to ii|>|iriiisi< tlio valiir ol' any luiiiiciiliir tiat't ot' niiIi- •Uvisidii ? — A. I I'oiilil not, iVoiii iiiiMiiory. \\y CiiAiiiMAN : i}. Stiito wlii'tlicr, ill yoiii' Jii tiiii<« llii'Nt< Nclt'i'tions Wi'M' inaili<, iiiiy iM'i'soii of oi'tliniiry JiKlKiiifiit niiil i'N|icriciii't> woiilil liiivo iiiiy ilittlciiity in Ni'li'ctiii); iaiitlM, woi'tli tlii> |ii'ii't< you liavi> iiaiiK'il, in tint Ni>voi'al til to in your tostiiiioiiy. — A. I tliinlv siiili |m>i'.>4oii would liavi« no liilliiiiity at tliat tiiiiK. (.). Stati> wiictlKT tint priccN yon liavp naincil iii'i> any lli^lHt^ tliiiii tlix av<v \vi'i'(< fNiiiiiiiii'il did not ^ot tliciii. MAIILON ni-A(;K. !!'1 '.:f^ (ill.riM.AN. •loNAiiiw I'liAsi;, hciiijj llrst liy nit> duly sworn, ili'itosi's as IoIIown: My r('sidfii('t> is in Miiincapolis, east ; a>;t>, tifty-oiii> yt'iirs ; occnpatioii, a IiiiiiImu'- man. (/iit'Ntion. Stuto if you are acqiiaintcd with thi> character and valiicof plnriandH, on tint Mis.si.ssiiipi Itivcr and its triluitarics, in Cass Connty, Minnesota.— AiiNWcr. 1 am soiiie- 'what. 1 111) VI- Iteeii on a portion of it ; have lieen a bout l*oke;;aiiia Lake ; was there three yearsa^o. I slioiihl Jiul^e ;;ood pine-htnds in that vicinity to he worth, at that time, iVoiii $^t to lijil'i per acre. 1 have heeii on township '>'1, ran^e 'H\ ; lia ve owned hind there, and sold it three years a^o for $'.* per acre to Mr. .1. Dean A (!o. I have lieeii over hut a small portion of that township. The laud that was entered with tliestt half-hreed certiticates in that township was worth as much as the land that I sidd. I purchased some land near I'oke^ama liiike two years a^o last winter, for .1. Dean A.'. Co.— I think tilO acres— and |>!iid #10 ]ier acre. I think township .'il, ran^e, *JtS, sec- tions 1 5 and 'i'i. The land that I sold for iiii!» was entered four years a;;o with Sionx scrip, 'i'lll^ land I purchased for Dean iV Co. two years apt was ahoiit average pine-land for that vicin- ity — not more than nil a ventre, I have l)oii)(lit siniiipiiKe on Rum l\'iver. Tho iiniiiiI rule is to rei|iiire the piirchiiser of stiiiiipa;;e to cut all round tiniher that will measure one foot in diameter t weiity- foiir feet from the ground. 'i'li<\v do not always cut as idose as that, nnv is it for the in- terest of the owner of the land to liavi^ it cut that close. The <{i'owth of timlter, helow that si/e, will pay taxes and inten'st on the land, anil niori^ than usual interest. I have paid tor stiimpap) .*«*,', $'-l.M, and i^'i per M feet. Never hoiiKht of individuals for less than tij<:t per M. My purchases run through the last live or six years. Would call live thonsaiid feet )iiiie per acri^ fair pine-land. The stiimpa^e at I'oke^ania liiike is worth as iiiiich as on Kitiii liivur, where my purchases wi're made. Although it. is ii {renter distiince, it will re(|uiie less iiicm to drive loj{s from IVikcga nil than Itiim liiver. JONA. CHASIO AV. H. I,A\vi!i',N('i:, lieiiiK Ity me first duly sworn, deposcH as follows : I residi^ in MiniuMipidis, east; a^od forty-threo years; am a lumberman. I have resided within what is now tln! city of Minneapolis for seventeen years. (.jiiestioii. .'^tattMf yoiiare ac<|iiainte.d with the character and value of pine-lands on the Mihsissijipi K'iver and its tributaries, in Cass (.Joiiiily, Minnesota .'—Answer. I am ac(|uainle(l witli a portion of it, in the iieiyhhorhood of I'okcf^ama Lake and Willow River. <^. What was the avera^jo ]iiiie-laiid in the vicinity of I'oki^^ama Lak<^ worth per acre, in IHTdor li^/l .'—A. 1 slioiild say from sji.'i to !ij«!ti per acre. (j. Do you know of any sah-s beiii^ made of lands in that iiei<{li1iorli(iod diirinj; IHO't, 1H7(I, or 1H71 ;' — A. 1 do. 1 have known lands which I exjimiiied sold for .$■"», |I(l, and ^Vi per acri^. These sales were in 1^70 and 1^71. The ((iiarter-section sidd for fl'i per acre was a year af^o this fall, and last sprinjj; another sale was made at $]() per acre. The laud s(dd by .Joiia. Chase to .J. Dean &. Co., at $\) per acre, was in section 11, township .'■|4, raii^e "id. (See testimony of last witness.) t^. Have yon any knowledge of the lauds located by IJiitler A Walker and T. H. Walker about l'oke{{ama Lake ? and, if so, state what, in your ,jiid;;meiit, they were worth in the years le'ti!* and 1870.— A. I have some kiiowledK"' of tlu^se lauds ; siip|io.so I have been on every section ill township ■')!, iaiiKu~(!, a j^ootl many times. I should Jiidj^e those lauds worth .flO [ler acre. l^. Have you any knowledge of lands in townships 'fi ami .'ill, ranjjo 2.'), hicatod by Eastman, Hovey Si Co. ; anil, if so, what is their value 1 — A. They are of very inferior quality ; that is, there in but a very small amount of timber. The ijuality is very good. "T' '41 »■' i. . r ' .i i ' ' \ ■ V, 1 ' 11 I 302 f MIIM'KWA irVLF-UKKEDS OF LAKK SirPKRIOR. more I hIi\)T'i .villi HiiniciiMit knowliMl^n of Mii< litnilH owiumI liy tlicso imrtio to ^ivi' an opinion of tlu'ii' valiii'. or an- yon k> vin^; .voiir opinion of lands ^mcrally in tliat nt'l^h- liorliooil P— A. 1 am u'vinu an opinion, from wliat I know of tln-ir solfctions, of tlnir lanils. 'I'lnif aro sonii" nico huuls in that virinily. anil tliry liavuNoinc follies that aic Kiioil. hilt I speak of the >,'enenil average of their hinils. They have Home foitios that Inive seaieely any pine on (hem, perhaps two or tlnee siiih instanees, W. II. LAWKKNCK. Wii.i.i.iAM 1', AriCKXY, heinfj first hy mo tliily adlrined, ileposes as follows : My rcsitleuee is in Minneajiolis, Minn. ; uge, lifty-oiie years; oeeiipatioii, Inmlieriii;;. I have lesiileil in Minneapolis fourteen years. 1 elaim to own jointly willi C. II. I'c7- tit and .1. M. Itohinson (lirin>;the firm of Ankeiiy, Kohiiison tV I'uttit) three pieitsnf land, loeated with Chippewa half-lireed iierip, as follows : No. 77 I>. NorlheaNt i|narter Honthwest ijiiarter and southeast ijiiarter niirtii\ve>i iinai'ler, sertion in, township .'>!, ran;;e 17 north. No. ViO I>. I'.ast half southwest ipiarter, seetion li>. township. '>!, ian;ie 'JC). No. -Ki 1). Northeast ipiarter iiorlheast i|narler, seetion '^7, township .'>l, rnny;e "27. Also entered, hy i»ersonal applicalions, south half soiilhi-ast iinarler, section •,'!, town.vhip .'il, laiip' 'J<> ; (he last was entered hy .loliii I'l'runee. (Question. Ulnio whether these iiieees were loeated for you or were ]iiirehased of odier ])ai'(ies ; and, if pniehased, >\ hen (he pnrehases were made. — Answer, 'i'he tliin' lirst deseriheil were loeated hy iiie for onr (inn. 'i'he last pieee I pnrehased lor oiii llrni of II. T. Welles and .1. 1*. Wilson, I (hiiik, in (he summer of ls7t). (/. What did yon jiay for (he pieee pnrehased of Welles ».V N\ ilson .'—A. It was an exelian;;e for anolher jiieee of land; we valued i( a( s|(t per aere in exehan;;e. *}. S(ale of whom and when you pnrehased the eerlilieates under whiehthe otiii'i jiicecs were loeated. — ,\, I have hou<;ht larf;o lots; some of .1. K. .sidle, ami some ot' (I (liink) Ml'. Oaks, of ."^aiiit I'anl, pndialdy twenty or twen(y-live pieces in eaeh lot. I (hink I have purchased Ni.\(y jiieees, and these three jiieees were in (he lot. They werr purchased in l.-^ll(I or lHi7. Tha^ is my impression. 1 think 1 jiaid from 8;J to SI pii aere; prohahly averaj;eil alioiil .S;t.r>lt per aere. 1 do not remeinher of makin<;any otln'i purchases except the three lots rcl'erred to aliove. (). Have you ever seen the lands descrilieil ahove .' — A. We have ahout (1,(1(1(1 acres in (his hoily in which (he lands aliove descrilied are interspersed. I have liecn (hiniii;li (ho tract several times, llon't know whether 1 have seen the particular [lieccs dc- sci'ihcd aliove. (j! Can you "ive the proliahle value of the lands descrilied in 187(1.' — \. In l*7n those lands eonld not prohiildy have lieeii sold for more than !!>.") per acre. ISiiice then thi y Inive advanced very i'a]>iilly ; donlded in value', I should say. i). What would they have hcen wordi in lHti~!aiid ISillK' — A. 1 don't think then' was much change in price of |iine-lanils from l-^liS to 1^70, though they were held proha- hly with a little more contideiice in lf^70. lj>. What wonhl these land.s have heeii worth in the si»riii;>' of 1871 '/ — A. Prohahly from $C) to .'^S jier acre, and at this time they are worth from ■'?-< to jjili). (). Do yon know of any sales of such lands l)ein;f made in 1870 or 1"7I i — A. No. .sir; 1 don't. We imrchased Kit) a-'71, worth ahont the same as these descrihed, or perhaps a little more, and paid .80 per acre. 1 consider we hoii^iht it low. (»>. Dii^oii know of any stiimpa^e sohl in 1870 or 1"*71 ''—A. We have not imrchased any stuinpaf;e, that 1 reincmlier, excejit on school-lauds, for which we paid from 8-j to •*;{ per M feet: las( win(er we imrchased at 8;t jut M feet. (.}. Is s(unipae;e on school-lauds sold hi;;lieror lower than of individuals ' — A. I don't know as to tliat ; we have not iiiirchascd of iiiilividiials. The averaj^e of our pm- eliases (or (he jiast three years has heeu helow 8"{ per M feet. My impression is that school-land.s advanced in price for stnmpa^e ahout three years a per acre during the years 18(;8, 18l)i>, and 1870. This price applies to adult Sioux scrip; miuur scrip was much ower. WM. P. AUKENV. CHIPI'KVVA llALr-miKKKS OF LAKE 8l'I'KRI«)R. 303 t i.t WDitli nioic LAWKKXCi:. mtiT iii>rtii\vi'>.i •A. Prol)al>lv P. AUKENY. No. I*. (JiiAiti.Ks A. (ill. MAN. Ix'iii); tliily iil1li'iii)-il, ilc|M).Hivs ii^^ I'dIIdwh ; 'My it^'" i'* tliirf.v-iiim' .vi-iirs; icsiilc in Saint Cldiid ; Imvi' icsifli'd fln'i'<> imil vicinity Cor Novfiiti'fii yt'iirs ; linvc I n r«';;isti'r in tin- laiul-nlliff at Saint T'lonil iViiin the Hnrin^ iil" Irtlilt nntil NovcinWcr 1, 1"<71 ; iiavc had ImHint'.H.s in tlic ollici) morn or Ichs Minn) tint aiitnniii of iH't.'i, a |i year. (/ncstion. State whether, dnrin;; tiie time yon were i'ey;iste!', thei'o were any entrie.s made at that olliee foi' tiie C'iiippewa hall'-hreedH of Lake Superior, or wliat are calhul per.sonal ap)di<'atioiiH ? — Answer. No, sir ; tlieie were no entries) ; there were many up- pliealions inaih\ hnt nolliin;; that we desireeds ehiiiniiiy; to he en- titled to land nsnally came to thi' olliee ami stated that Ihey wished to a)iply fni' land nndci' the treaty. They nsnally eanie with some person who did their talkin;;' for them. .Many of them eonid not speak ICn;>lisli, (). Itiil yon ever see them come without some one aceompanyin;; them who a]>i)eared tob' interested in thi'irentries of lands .' — .\. I think I diil, frecinently. I'nless there \Nns an appearance thai they clearly were not entitled, I nsnally lilled out their appli- eatioim for them, and administered the oath that was retininHl to their witnesses, and in due time sent the .-ipplications to the l>cpartment at \Viishin<;ton for their approval or decision in the matter. No decision of t he im-rits of the caso was made at the local olliee, lint left wholly for the |)i>)iarlment at \\'asliin. What was the form (d" the ])a)>er that yon call the :ip)ilication, si;;ned hy the hall-ltreed .' — .\. 1 cannot state Ihe precise form, Init think I can jjive the snhstance of it. The ap])lieation coinmcnci'd with an alle;:ation on the part of the ii|>plicant that he or .she was of mi.xed-hlt'od Chippewas, aixl entitled to ei;jhly acri'sof land under the f rea'y of Septemher ;>n, \^'t\. hetween the I'nitcd States and the, Chippewasof J^ake Sniierioi ; that the ap|dicaiit was twcnty-om- yearsof aj^eat thedate of thetreaty : that he or she received no lands nmlcrthe provisions of tln' treaty; and that they took the land then applied for in fnll satisfacli(m of their claim against the (iovernment. The ap- ]dicanls were sworn to the correctness of their statement, and two witnesses were also rc<|Mired to make a st.ileincnt verifying the claims of the applicant. The witnes.ses were nsnally known to the otliee and were also sworn. (.}. What entry was then made, if any, npon the hooks at the local otliee ? — A. No entries were made npon any hooks. The hooks were tnrnished for that ])nrpose. The ti'acts applied for were marked on the phits, as a)>plied for. A list of these applications was made and lorwarded to the Commissioner of the (ieneral Land-Ottice at Washinj;- toii for his eonsiileration, a copy of said list hein;;' retained in the oHiee. l). What was the oliject of keejiiny; the list at the local olliee; and in aecordancrt with what law or order was it done .'—A. It was kept for the information of theoUhje ; it was according to the custom of the olitice. I cannot .state by what law or order. ii. Mad there lieeii any snch cnstom in the olliee ju'evions to yonr term '! — A. It was the custom of the olliee to keep some record ol every tliiuj; that was done atl'ectiny- any partii-nlar tract of land. (.}. Was it yonr nmli'i'standiiii; that tlio applicatitui made in the form yon have stated did in any way allect any tract of land nutil it was ai>prove(l liy the D.-partment .' — A. No. sir. *.). Then why do you .say it was necessary for you to keep a record of it ? — A. I don't know that the ollicer.s wer(> ohlined to keep a record. (.). How loii<; was if. nsnally, after the apiilications were sent to Washinij;ton, before yon would reeeivt> notice that they had been acteil uiton.'— A. 1 have no recollection now as to the time; i)erliaps two or three months. if. Was it the cnstom to send them a.s .soon as made .' — A. No, sir ; I don't know how soon they were sent. i). Don't you know that they would sometimes remain in your ortice for a month or two before they were sent '! — A. I thiid< they did. (/. Were the half-breeds makiuji the application and their witnesses sometimes unable to sjteak or understand the lOn^jlish laiiji^uajre /—A. Some of them were. I don't recollect any ca.se where both the applicant and witnesses were unable to speak Knglish. I think no such case occurred. (). In cases where the applicant or witnesses were unable to speak or understand the Knylish language, will jou please to give the form of the oath that you ailministered f — A. It was administered in English ; 1 could not speak Chippewa I think tbey were ::t '4 11. ;;;itij j, ••'i'l 1 1 ■::' ':;■!! 304 Cllll'I'KWA HALK-nUi:KliS ol' I.AKK MHI'KHKUi. rt')|iiii'iMl to MWtitr Hint tlic Ntnltini'iitM t<> wliicli tlicy linil nlllMtl tin ir iuiiihk wik- col'i'i'ct. 1 lilt Mill I'rriilli'i'l iin,\ |)iiMiniliii' I'lirin iif oiltll. i}. I'll Mill know wlll'tllrl' it WItM llic I'llHtillll III lliakli IMII'l'llltNl< lit' tllO I'iljIltN til' llir liiilt-lni'i'ilH iil'ti'i' lli»*,v IiihI iiiiiiIi- tlii'ir a|i|ilinitiiiiiH iiml (itil'iiio tlicy wuru a|i|irovi'il ut WnHliiii^toti f-.\, I iliiiik it wiiH till' Ki'iii'i'iil pnirliri'. If. stall' wliitl villi Kiiiiw, it' aiivtlniiK, in riKiinl In tlii< {itin'M tlio liall'-lir Ih n-- ci'ivril till' llii'ir a|i|ilii'aliiiiiN| ami uIiiti> anil liow tin- liar^aiiiN ami |iayiii('iilN wni- iiiaili' ! — A. I know iiolliin^ |iimiti\i'l,v alioiit it. I/. l>o\iiii know wlii'ii' ilii'Mc liall'-lii'fi'ilM rami' rrom ? — A. My r illi'i'tioii is tliat llu" ^I'l'iiliT |iart of tlii'iiiriimr I'loiii It'ril IkixiT. Somi'I'i'w i'l'Miiii'il in SlrariiN County, Noinr III I'olk Coiint^v, ami, I iliink, Nom«< in otln r rroiitiiT roiintli'H In HiIn Siaii', Ity It'iil liivcr I im-an in tin' ii'Kioii ot ri'inliina. 1 tliiiik noiih' wcio t'roiii anoNN tlio Kiiiisli lilii', ami Miim- t'loiii l''ort (tarry. (/. How iliil tlii'y Ki'iK'ially roiiii> to inaki> tliiir amiliratiotiH, ami in wlml niinilH th! A. I think llnit soini'tiim'N (lii'y caini' Hin^ly atiii Noimtiim'H niorii thai: nni'. (hirr. |)in. 'riiiTc wrri> a ^ooil iiiaiiy a|i|ilii'atioiiN tlit'iv that wr ntti-rly iclnsi'il to I'liti'iliiiii at all. (/. l''oi what ri'iiMiiii ami nmh'i what (■ircnniNlam'i'Hilid y ciititlnl nmliT tlio treaty. I). WiiN it your niNiom to i'i>i'<'ivi< tlii> a|i|ili('atioii of a man ami IiIm wifi' hotli 1^— A. I ilon'l know that wo ri'l'iiNcil I'or ihr ifiiNon that they wi sonii'timi's ii'ii-lvi'il tlio aiiplit^alion of a man ami his wit'o, ami aiNo why we ri'oi'ivi'il a|i|>liratiiinH ot' soiiio who caint' t'liim ovit thii ItritiNh lim>. It was ln'raiiMc wi> well' awai'K that the l>i>]iartim'iit had iNNiii'il a larp> ainoiiiit ot' Nfrip iimliT the Nainr treaty that iIicho a|i|ilu*atioiiN wero liaNnl upon lo marrinl woint'ii, and iiIno their linsliamlK also lo peisoiiN reNidiiiK in liiitiNh America. 'I'lu' loeation ot' Niieh sri'ip having hecn eoinmoii at our olllee, therul'oru we ttiippiMed there was no olijeetion upon thoNe Kronnds. i). What means would the I department' have of kmiwinKi from the rctiiriiM in your oHlee, or any other, where the parties resided, or whether tjiey were married or not .'— A. I don't know that, lint siippimed llie department would only iHMiiu scrip to partie.s that were entitled to it. i}. When the Depart ment aeted npon the applieations made at your ofTUe, did they havt< any evidence whatever as to whether the parlies were entitled except such iis yon sent Iheiii ?— A. It is impossilile for us at the local olllee to know what infoiiiiii- tion the llepartment has. I supposed those claims would he presented at the Indian ne])artmeiit for their examination. Wesimply forwarded them to the (ieiieral l.uml- (Mliee without any recoinmendation whatever. i.}. l>id you not helii've that the Deiiaitment had no ovidenee as to whom tlicsc peisons were, whether they were half-lireeds of the Chippewas of Lake .Superior, twenty-one years of ajr*'. or the heads of families at the dale of the treaty, I'xcept tlie sworn statements which were sent from your ollico f — A. I had no reason to helievi,' they had any further evidence at that time. (.}. Yi'U have stated that when ai>plicatitins were made particular tract.s were desij;- naled on th«> plat as lands a|iplii>d for. l)o you reineinher where these lauds were situated as a jjeneral thinn .' — A. Yes, sir, I think I do, as a p'lieral tiling. They were mainly situated in I'ass (.'ounty. on the I'pper Mississippi; some on the cast side, in the norllu'rn part of ("row Win;; ("oiintv. i). You have stated that most of these Indians were from the Red Kivereonutry. How did they know w here lo make these selections ?— A. I don't know that they did kim" . 1 don't think they did. I think they knew nolliin^ of tlieiii ptMSoiially. l,>. How, then, were the selections luaile ? — A. 1 suppose they were made by iiartics who intended to avail themselves of tlu' rights of these half-hreeds to selei't lauds. I never knew one half-breed who had scrip to choose his selection iiersonally. l^. Then yiui suppose that in every instance some jiersou had har;;;aitieil with the half-lireed for his interest, under the treaty, at or before the inakiu;; of the applica- tioii f— A. 1 believe that to be case, but I don't know positively. (}. \Vere not the desi;;natioiis made before you, and noted liy you on the plats .'—A. 'i'hey were. (j'. Then you. of course, knew who made selections ? — A. Not always. lUaiiks were freiiuently tilled out by other parties, and bro4i;;lit there for cxt'cutioii so far as descrip- tions of tile laud were concerned. if. What «lo you mean by blanks ;' The Iiiiid to be selected was not lU si^jnatcd in the applications, was it .'—A. There is a space in every application in which to inseit the description of the land. (). Was there any pMieral practice as to when these blanks were tilled, whether at the time of the npplieation or afterward .' — A. My recollection is that they were priiui- pally tilled at the time of the aiiplieation. Q. Do yon know anything of personal applications made at yourottice in which .1. !'• (MIII'I'KWA IIAI,l-MIJI'.i;i>M or LAKi: SIIT.IMOU. ao5 ii'ir niuDi-M wt'ic II tlie i»liits ?— A. ■e in wbioli .1. !'• -A. My kriowli-dgit i>( tlioso is lln- hhiid' iih it is of lin' III iilli'iUioiiM Wfic iiiitilr Iml- itiitl WilHoii Imm'uiiio iiitrrcHtnl t- luii'o. (j. Do you I'lH'iilIi'ct of liiM lii'iii;; (lii'i'K Kf t\\t\ tinxi (!>• llli'r*l t~\. I l>< Ik'm^ I )|IH<'<- wliitt prii|)i>rtiiiii hlioiilil yiiii Hiiy liiMh'NJKiiiitoii ' — A. 'I'liiit I mil iiiiitlili hi ^titto. if, Hliiiiilil you Hiiy iiiiti'iMir li'MN tliiin Dill' i ill' ?— A. i :iiii iiiiii1ili< to Hiiy, lit- liiis tniiiH- lU'txil IV ^iVi'Hi (Ifiir of iMiMiiii^NN at tlio iiDlcti ; Im-i'ii t!l<ji.| ; nut only lliat but otlicr Inibini'NN. (j. Iliivityoii any kiio\vlo(l|i{i> or inforiiiiitlon in ic^unl t« liow tlic litilt-bnt i[ IinliitnN, in tlio KimI iiivor roniilry went iniliii'iMl to coino to yoiii' olllci) to iimkn tln-Hit ii|ipli('ii- (ioiiN f — A. I know lint vory littlit of it, I Hii|i|ios(t liicy i-aino lor pay. ^ (j. T*tll UN wliat you know, wlirtlior it lie iittlo or iniicli, — A. 1 know iiotliin;r |toNi- tivi-ly. I liail no convorHation with any onu ortlnun that I am awal'(^ of I'xci'pt in an oltlitiai way. I would ailil that 1 think th^y wiun in that vicinity on l>iiHiiii;HH, and wil)]i<^coHed he was piirchas- injf for himself. Q. Why, then, was not the couvt^yance made to liini? — A. I am unahio to answer the (piestion fully. I think other ]iartics had a contingent interent in the land sehictcd. Q. At the time you nnide these seltuMions did you make tluuii for yourself; if not, for whom did you make them f— A. For Dorilns Morrison and others connected with him. Q. iJo you know at whose instance these lands \^■^'r^^ dcsi<;nated in the applications of the half-ltreeds?— A. 1 nniy have advised in the matter; ])resume I did. I wrote the descriptions in the applications. C. A. GILMAN. On the ll*th November, lf^7'.i, Jlr. (Jilman ai)i>eared before me, as chairman of the com mission, and stated ho desired to correct the iore^oinfj solar as it relates to the contract of January, IWlt). On n^feninji tothat contract Mr. Giluian informed mo that he (indshe was not bound by it to assist Mr. Morrison in the s(dection of lands, whicli correction is there made accordingly, but he did not produce the contract. T. C. JONKS. I, James Btnin, a notary jmblic, w ithin and for the county of Hennepin, and State of Minnesota, do hereby certify that the above-named T. B. Walker, Levi Butler, S. A. Harris, W. W. Hale, Georfje B. Wright, William W. Eastman, John J). Laittre, Henry T.Welles, S. W.Farnham, Dorihm Morrison, Mahlon Black, .Jonathan Chase, W. H.l^aw- reuce, A\ illiani P. Ankeny, John B. Giltillan and C. A. Gihnan, were by me duly attirnied to testify the truth, and nothing but the truth, toucning the nnitteis under invttstiga- tiou before the conmiissioners appointed by the United States Commissioner of Indian Atlairs, by direction of the Secretary of the Interior, to investigate the claims of per- sons claiming to have made entries to lands under certilicates issued to the Chippewa lialf-breed Indians, of I^ake Superior, or under applications made! by such half-breeds, and that the depositions by them respectively subscribed were reduced to writing by me, or in my ])resence, and were signed by them in luy presence. In testimony wher-iof I have hereunto altixed my' name and notarial seal th(! dav of August, A. i>. 1H7"J. < xoTAifiAi, I JAMES P.EAX, ( SHAL. ^ yolary Public, thxm-piu Coiiiily, AJiiiiwHolu. Statk UK Cai.ikokma, Voiiiitij of San i'niudxco, sn : Wil.MAJi S. CiiAi'AtAX, being first duly sworn, deposes and says : I amforty-fivc j'earsof age. I have lived in Nevada and California during the last nine years. My occupation is dealing in real estate. During the years IHtif* and lH(i7 I ob- tained from C. W. Thomiison and Franklin Steele, of Minnesota, the eighteen pieres of Chippewa half-breed scrijt described in the annexed schedule — thos(» designated C. W. T. from said Thomi>son and those designated F. S. from Franklin Steele, and i)aid and agreed to pay for the same from one and a quarter to two and a half dollars \u'r acre. I located the said scrip at the time and on the lands specilied in the annexed schedule, the value of which lands, resptjctively, I believe to be as thertiin stated, I obtained and located the said scrip in g(tod faith, never having heard the regularity and h'gality of its issue questioned before the location of that class of scrip was suspended by order of the General Laud-Ollicc in the year 1871. WM. S. CHAPMAN. Subscribed and sworn to before me the 29tl) day of November, A. I). lH75i. IsKAr.oi'NOTAHV.] E. O. WEtJENER, A'o/«»7/ I'lihlic. B. icf, to txmht Mr. ■, IHCi'J, iiiovioiis wv.rti Home, iiint- Tlit* lands wfic bH('y you iv of tlie \vli()]t\ : ly one fl«n. lie lie wiw iiiirclias- )lo toanHwor the land Ht'lectc'd. irHolf; if not, lor i(;ct- i>j;ht«'en pieces of ]c«ij{naled C. \V. I(^ and ]>iiid and ♦lollarH ))er acre, nn^xt^d Hchednlc, ted. I obtained rity anil lefrality peinhul by order S. CIlArMAN. IH72. EtJENKK, yolani I'lihhc. CHIPPEWA HALF-KREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 307 u A ■' f £ ? . . . . 6 • a S5 J s s C3 S « 00 SS .2 "3 o « •Stat 'Siu.iilH ^ '7t « 51 (?i «7i Ti •?! fi I * ifi !.•: if^ I* o in ir: ifs •TiSl'"n!.I^ »j te 'X x '/5 M '/: yj t/j » !^ S^* !^ S*' ^ !*^ >^ t-ocsoooooei CI nnM«n«n •aonoas 2Sc!i3ZSS«- > CI X r* X- 1^ I'* ao 1^^ i-ifd; ->■< ■-,iH."^-+ia ;t^ ■*-<■• ■o s ^ a •w .a ii & a 8 1 1 ^ 1^ 1 I o H h» X 7.J X x 1} X) X X r- I'- !•- r- 1- r- r^ 1^ TO CO '.5 'C -.2 X ^ :2 *.£ CC *.0 'f V '.^ :£ '.2 X ;£ (^ .X X 13 no X 1) X TD Trj X X X X X X TU .TO » r« Ji CI ii CI ii CI CI CI ~ ^ -^ ^ .« d) u u -J a o a i) u i: J3 .' ,= ,c ,5 ,5 .= « *, • Sot. a «- i« aw _.. ^^F^i^^ ; fe'* ^6: i.^ "^t; 1; a ?= o ^ , es a s 2 ^ * ' J2 e =1 * i) : ^. ... 1. 3 u . . 3U| 3 t. K! g-dj 2 , c « O 'S Ji-bMi-sPli s-s^l a M'Ja S3 to ■jonat S auufiPuddudiJydybudd :l^ i, ;;•< ii ^ 1|,: ai. 308 CHIPPEWA HALF-HREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. No. 10. ScilKi»l"i,K l\.~Shoirinf) enlritH on Millr Lae rcHerralinii rJaimcd hif //. T. IVelh heforc the comnmnioH, and irjrvtcd, tliv reHtTratiou being mill in the ovcupanvji oj the Chippewa In- dians, 108 106 1 25 S4 3» 90 69 80 77 62 60 59 58 57 SO 37 4 90 94 97 98 13 5 11 3 6 360 9li4 i274 348 180 873 S49 139 311 343 887 138 846 8<,t3 i>>s 145 207 2(>6 867 847 844 270 159 S!ia 86:i 855 842 871 8*25 854 Nama of tlio porHon to whom tlio foititicalo i« iHHiied, Mary RoHhe Sirvin KftHlie Chnrleo Bottineau . Marie Prranteaii . . Johu B. Poranteau. Isabella Poranteaii Margaret Noltii Genevieve Nolin . . Charles Lororeance. Julia Lepine Madaliuu Morin... By whom located. Henry T. Wells. do do do do do do do do do do do do do do .do. .do. .do. do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. Designation of the tract located in satisfaction of the niixed-blonilsof tlieChipiiewasof Lake Superior certiticate. Part of section. S.4S.E.1 N.l S.W.i S.iN.E.i S.JS.W.i N.iN.E.i S.iS.E.i N.iS.E.i S.*N.E.i N.4S.E.i S.iN.W.i 0. V S. hi. {■•--■■■••■-■■■■••■•■* S.tN.W.i N.iKW.J S.JS.W.J S. E. 1 of S. W. and S. W. of N.E.J. W.JN.W.J N.^ S. E. i S.iN.E.i N.4S.W.* N.4S.E.i*. &> S di Midt {•• ■••>■>■•••■■•■••■•• N.4S.E.J N.JN.E.J 8. i N. W. i N.JN.W.l. n.Sn.~ ' S.iS.E.i.. " _ i.\V. E. S. E. 1 8. iN.E.i.... lS.E.i.... 5S.E.iS. W.J ^:i " I and lot 4. E. i N. W. i . . S.W.J N. J S. E. J . n.In.w.j ( N. W. i N. W. J i N. E. i N. E. i . . 8.iS.W.J N. 4N. W.i , S.JS.E.1 .S.|N.W.i N. iS.W.l S.4 N.W.J N.JN.W.J N.JN.E.J N. 4 S. W. J N. J S. E. J S. J N.K.J W.iS.W.J N. i S. W. J S.4S.KJ. N.JN. E.J.. E. I N. W. J . E. JS. W.J. S-JS-K.J E. JS.E.J K.'i N.E.J S.J S.E.J. ^ E. 4 S.W.J. 86 36 27 8fi 37 23 26 26 33 86 31 27 87 33 22 82 81 31 23 18 18 27 81 18 18 36 37 30 34 33 21 28 17 34 34 38 39 34 35 34 34 34 21 21 34 34 82 23 20 S3 14 30 30 14 30 20 34 12 13 43 42 42 43 43 42 42 43 43 43 42 43 43 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 43 43 42 43 '43 43 43 43 43 43 43 42 42 43 43 43 43 43 42 42 43 42 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 27 27 27 87 37 37 37 27 27 27 27 27 27 37 27 27 27 37 27 37 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 87 27 87 27 27 27 27 37 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 37 35 35 25 25 25 2r) 35 35 3.") 35 25 Rbmarks.— Entries on Mille Lac reservation claimed by U. T. Wells, and rejected bv the commission. T. C. JONES. EDWD. P. SMITH. DR. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 309 Hn:! IVeUH before the the Chippewa In- ted in satiHfactinn JliippuwuHot' Laku A Section. .a 00 1 1 96 49 37 36 43 37 .. 97 43 27 . 96 49 27 97 43 27 99 48 27 .. 86 43 97 . 96 43 27 99 43 37 .. 96 43 37 .. 31 48 27 .. 97 43 27 .. 97 43 27 .. 83 43 27 f 93 43 27 .. 28 43 37 81 43 37 .. 91 43 87 .. 89 43 37 .. 18 43 37 .. 18 48 37 .. 97 43 37 91 43 27 .. 18 43 27 18 43 97 .. 36 43 27 37 43 37 30 43 87 34 43 97 38 43 97 . 31 38 |49 97 17 48 27 34 49 27 34 49 27 . 38 89 |49 27 . 34 43 27 35 43 97 . 34 43 27 34 43 27 34 43 27 91 43 27 31 43 27 . 34 43 37 34 43 37 83 43 25 83 43 2r. 30 43 25 83 43 25 14 43 25 30 43 95 . 30 43 25 . 14 43 25 30 43 35 90 43 35 34 43 25 12 43 35 13 42 35 IV tlio f nmiiiissioii. JONKi V !V. P. SMIT 11. o in re: •.a: -I s I 8 s .2 » d s" e b ■■5.2 .2 3 00 9 5^ I? •oSnsa SSSS 7, SSSSSS S 2g32ggggS5S5Sr.3SSS3;S?;S •(lttlSH.ttOX .gfit^.fi 13 sssssg g BBSSSBSBSSHH'S'^'-'-^-'''^''^''^ Section. S3;«"SS33S3"S = 35irfS?i?!Sgi?iS2?;a^S222'- •■='-" I it "S2 ^ 1*5 a: >^ (51* 03 CO MM WIS' Hoi.« A •C ^ '^ ^ X' X oD 35 a.' XJ ^ i- - ?S = ~ " ■J ija u pa OiJP r« 71 — II -" i.i-i< . 1; ^•1,.- (^ •■:> !i !()! ■I I ■: 310 CHIPPEWA IIALF-URKEDS OP LAKE Sl'PERIOR. -3 a o f c§ 2 I •=3 S :3 ^;- •a •oSuuji (llllHUAlOX irttf5*5«5t5oJSo»J5uio o ?J*?;o*?. ol-; o r^ rt ^:HrtoiS»';oA^u^in o 9^ .2 a ■- = IS P4 "2 5 "7'<-» cs "•», • '2 c/; ^'>'-- .-■',-• -.r- .'^'--f ■^,-%„• :;^i 3>^;^;3>^>';s>';&^awj^^-s:-swJsp4:a=i^»^?|s^3M e; X' X jt iTj 00 — — ^ -H _ _■ CO -c '-3 ^ '-C -^ r^ r-*('. ( - (-. 1 . ■Ij X X C X X X /. X tj J. ]L' r: ?^ n n "i a. a' t c : rs ?? 73 rt rs s = = = s rt rt c5 :3 o; s a = ^ = a B c3 a cs s « a M 1^ 1-5 T 1^ ►^ 1-5 1-5 o o »- I- 00 X 2 c 'u'u CO. « u ^ 2 III i^. 'l>dllK«! U')!'l w .loj B.u.iy •3lt!.)H!M'l^ po.i.i(i-i[mi u.Atcl (Ipi,) \n\\ (1) -ii^ ■I' OK. t*: 1^ t^ i-i ic n 1-^ 1-, St CI « 51 3) o< ;i CI f -r •»• ^ f T tp "" 1.1 1*, tn in i/^ tfi o o (•IIII'I'KWA IIALF-HRKKDS OF LAKH SUI'KUIOK, 311 ?.'fi?.?.SfjSS ?, feVs^TS'iS bl JTibl ?, bl si ?j?i?iJiSSSS?i?iSS?i?iS x> TO X rrj 1. 4.* cl Ti b1 i^ 1I -^ 1*3 -f -r ■^ X -r -r -- :??!.^ ;-: ;-> ;< r; rsn; ^■^■.*^.^^v^ r: *, It — ; — ii i-- 1*; '/j i- w w^ •*• ^ -^ — . :;, c. -^ o r. c: o r: c w ifs •»• 5i * ifl x y. o oi x ci ix t cs Si i* T. o >i x ci i< .WW, w "^ 'f,^ w 1^;^; c-r-r-r-r-TT: ■= ? 1 ~ ' - I ; ; ; ; e ; vi ;x W^X-V >'. ? x 75 W >^ X <^ ^^r; >1 /. W i'-„,-J>'. >;><;. -4fi^" ^"-*W >5>'. ^ : ik^..,-: r.A- :*"-- ~?3-*'^ ^'w !?*.''•> K=^ ; S'f 'A r. ■/. ./ •/ ., ; ■/: •/;■ t; ^ •/: x '•'< I^ 1^ !< !i > !> ^ 7; " -/J r -A ■^r^i^r^r^r^^r^^^y^ «o — 00000 o O I" I- t- I-- I- 1- I- I- I- J-t-t-*-(- t- I- t- i X fTJ TU X 7j 3L X '/j TJ '7; 1^ K X j.> /J X */J Xi X X o'o'o'o'cTo'cTo"^ o' o' o' V ^ -f~ l*" -r-r" ^" f' "P" 'C X "Ct *C 'E 'JZ *^ "C *C T "Z^ ^' ■^- '-^ ^. ^.i*» ^* '-^ '-'i •«1 <) -1 -1 -i: -^ -1 -1 < «^^^ >= i^^ •? >? >^ '^ ■* I I I I I 1 I I I ! i I H ;;:;:; : ; ; ; : ! >-. t*. f^ ' • t I y ;^ n - ^ J. - > .« 'S .: T-y ^ ^ i s*^ i~^.;'.3 z, Zi o ~ •" 'Z W3>^t-6'T-??5 ik rtH-rWiJ >'. -" :'/;_- ■A ■■ -'-it ■J- S . ; ^= s >^ X Wt;-: ?!* tc V.^Wx "_2 -X 3 " x~-®-~.5**^^^^^^^,i^ s.«.2 ^^i:^ - .S.-^ ^ r; 2 tt _ ^ « ■/.- i 7 r.2 w- ii. i"! r/2 W ^ >5 ►33'^jSc2?^SMU">4'^rl-~'-rW'^ !^ "J-r?i?; tli: J l<|! 'I ■< T — 7: ^- — ■? — ' *- > •» O I- O ti I- X 71 CI !tf rc -^ — 71 ■ 'A ".i 'J 71 7' 71 71 7' 7' : 312 ClIiri'KWA IIAM'-UKKKD.S OF I-AKK JSLirKKIOK. •Wv «0 -8 i 1 ■ IS II .2,2 1-s r M}1llU}| ' yi fi .^ni^iNViVr-iJfjrTyirTrTiM ?? H m J4 M f? ft r: M ?^ •?■ ^ "^ ^ If? ih th irt li* I'l i7i ii ^ ■* ? ^ ■^ K -r r f-tr^r^^nMr^r^r^.**! 'm * ' y.-r .V-'"-'- M* ■•ff.*^ -l^t , MSI' ' ? W W W ■/ W IS w ? W J . i '-• , \ XnAii^ I 1-*^' . -♦^'Hei'*;t-*i g^ » I 1 a 1 I :a y< /. ta - ? .£ il.iiim .Ml s.i.i.iy u •- = : .- ~ • .£ bJi "iVisVftS??ST5?5S'''''j3?|-' ■w? ;isw ■—■" a '= -,W !* ^ . i^ '^L* '**' w-v w- i^MCS w-Tri ei>: i-Ih-! W^'. •'!■': ■/L.-'/ii^v/s^'J-/'^ W"'W?:w!swi5;^ :;w>^7; o o o o o o o o o i- (' I- (- I- I'l-C I' HL' .X CO 'U TCJ ^1-- I' .!■ Ci w*. O O O £• C^ 7*. C 'E *c *n *c *n 'u 'z 'c CL4 p4 e^ ^ ^ CmZ.P^ •^ ^ ' f .1 ** "^ .i "^ *- < l!I ii r i ^ . f^ i 'A ■"* -- '^ .11; - .5 <'-rii;,a.'^I C I- i-( M ™ it H II i< — il — J< II 11 IN 51 r- f'llIl'PKWA IIALF-nKKKDS Or LAKK SUPERIOR. 313 5 5 S g i§2 ? S ~> S S '" "^ ji ?! "^ /i^^'^i^'Cw'/:^ ^^^nnnT^h^i ?l h '• h z-^Si^?afi!§;s R 5 ;?! •:; -^ -^ «■■='-'••« S3 a ;:; a: ;; M ed S3 :; ij -d ^ ;« ;j y —■5 : -►.-*• : w esse o c = 3 o 4-1-1-4- I- 1-1-4* I- I. 'U 'L X' '"I; X' u >x; "ij u'Ci^'C '^ *n ^. ^ *n ^ ^ :^ a. p« tS.t: *^ ^^ n -, ~'y, -r : .-B r. _ 0! £ L ri: ■;: -u ».t w -jlS to ej ri •?! fsj 'M iw •« in 'fj m m ej ej ej «'»'!}»> ly ti ti •:> I.') n o >n >n >^ to to 1/3 ic to to to to to ko to to to lo to t.0 to to f r. o 4- 4- 4- 4- r; r. n r. I- X r* :5 ?» ?( a o -* Tonrj (?» I- -r SI 71 « n « — " f- p- S» I- ?i r! « ?1 71 ?i Ti SI (fi « -" •-< is': .?>^, t:'? '/:/; -^4 1-5 '/: ''< k tV , J I H* t 1 :> ; i!^" : >^ \ r^-f • :m : M '■■ji '■ ■ a • •3 ; =« : y ■ -** ' ■^r^ -^».4 tfllJ tr. ri-5i I; 5 £ = :r: .- i: - t; -■ o -r ::i i, Ph 'i4 - ^"s ^ - = 2 5 2 i i t|,4'|'l. ill:: '!i ■' 1 r i il. ,)!;,: — *> t- '^ •. 1- i.^ (' rt '-^ 1* r: — »* -f it T» r; — — t. t o "J r; 314 cmri'EWA HALr-HKEEDS OF LAKE Sri'ERIOR. s a 'g I '■J 1 . 3 b |3 a1 mSih!J{ 51 ti fi ?i ?i 5i 51 II ji Tt SI S 31 si 5« Ji Ti si si ?i si si fi S '?< fi si Ti ?t ?i fi S sii si ?t S ?i I sis»sisisisisisis»sisif5f5r5e5fsr;«r^rsrsr;WM?:o ccrrsocsa", ^ — — •tllllKIIAVO r ' Irt rt in O o lS tS O O t^ !.•; l'S i.-t O lS lS t^i iS i-i l-l l-; is iS i.-5 O -r -r -r -r -r -r t n- t ^ -r — 9-' o u « 9 |2 -a 5 B O is •»• "I- -f -r TT a n IS s> •mr' jj SI s> 2! "* "^ "t" ¥ 3 * '- !• I- 1- -5 is i,s i- rs i- »-. n "ji = r^ „ rH n « M IS rt r: « JS SI rf SI SI SI SI 51 %1 St SI II m 5i Hot"';' .'^^KWC.^-*'^ a-: /^ W r- v> , •Mi •03 :•/: -f -w" -^'h- ^ • -«^-»''7 -«i 2 HM-^ -,-^f 1^. "73 oisiooiosccosccorc o \r:. S S S C I = 5 "^ "T i -S "H X ;s -i, '3 .- •e = 'J i; — <^ " X t ■= -^ i a .'. ■" .5 r ■-'. 5 3: " s .s '• = •pans I •SI ipiiiAV .11)1 so.ioy I •a)iM!4t( •.1,1.1 p.lO.Iil)ll!l| II.M •Kiiii!ii,)>iii Jit -"n: n »)■ SI SI -c s> r. I- -J ^ - rs rs r: — ' — SI SI i_' rs ^ : ^?i?ijiSSS?i2,/, CHIPPEWA HALF-IIREEDS OF LAKE .SUPERIOR. 315 X i'jc o o c -■« x 7j r^ 'Vj T -x n,' x x x *:» — — -• -^ ^^7i^i^?:w^: <- -t. HC.|? P ij ^ ? a ^,-:. ^ -'' ■/: ' y, '•"•ri IT: ^■5 W ;■ o o i 5o:oso;ois2 o c CO c esccc ■sH ■ = •=5c = y-.S a* ^ - . S ct: i; s 1) 1; 3~; cs J 03-H c3 B 5; » = = -; 5 P-i — — "-r " * 5J 3 % Jz. 55 f^'- ■=.2 3 X *; -:: *j ■r. tZJ 553 .J I tK 2 £. _■ t. 5 = i ■e o; ; ?3 .3 i^s >^ &:5-«?^-

4, by Henry C. (lilbert and David 1>. Ilerrinian, commission- ers on the part of the United States, and the ('hippewa liulians of Lake Superior and the Mississippi. This clause is in the following words: Eiicli lioad of II fiiinily (»r Kindle ptMHon over twoiity-uiie yciirs of ajjo, at tlie pioscnt fiiiic, «>l' tilt) iiii.\t>(l-lii()(iil.s boliiii^iii^ to tliH (Jlii|tpHWii.s of l^ako Suiicrior, Hliall buoii- titlt'tl to <'ij;lity acres of laud, to bo HolccttMl by tlimn uiider tlie diri-etion of tlio I'reNi- tloDt, and which shall bu secMinid tu tboiii liy patent in tho usual form. The construction of this clause is maiufest. It gives each head of a family or single i)erson over twenty-one years of age, on the .'30th of September, 1854, the date of the treaty, who is of the mixed bloods belonging to the Chippewas of Lake Superior, eighty acres of land, to bo selected under direction of the President, and to he secured by pat- ent. Its object was to secure to tho persons therein described laiid, and it makes no provision for giving them anything else. Under this treaty the Department of tlie Interior, some time in 1860, authorized a certificate to be issued to each person embraced in the sai(l seventh clause, on sullicient proof; which was intended to certify simply that such person was a beneliciary under said seventh clause. This certificate clearly intended this and nothing else, for it expressly for- bade auy sale, transfer, mortgage, assignment, or pledge thereof, or any right uiider it. It declared that the psitent for lands located by virtue of such certificate should issue din'ctly to the ]>aivv named therein or his heirs; that it should in no wise inure to the ktuoeSt of any other person; that the object and ])urpose of the certirtcate was to identifi/ the person to whom it wfis given as being entitled to the benefit of the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty. The form of this certificate was subsequently changed by the J>ei)artment in some imma- terial particulars, but the same restrictions against the sale or assign- ment of the certificate were continued, and the same declaration, tliat its object was to /J('<(^//// the party named as being entitled to the benefit of the provisions of the seventh clause of the second article of tho treaty, was retained. Under the n foresaid regulations certificates were issued to two hun- dred and seventy-eight persons whose certificates have always been known as the '-(.lilbert scrip," and the evidence justifies the belief that this scrip was issued to persons entitled to the benefits of the seventh clause of the second article of said treaty. I am, theiefbre, of opinion, and so advise your ollice, that i)iitents should be issued to all of the per- sons, or their heirs if deceased, who hold what is known as the "Gilbert scri[»." It should be distinctly reineml)en'd that these patents must issue to the persons to whom the scrip was issued, or their legal heirs, and to no one else. The report of the commission composed of ]\ressrs. Xcal, Smith, and Crowell, referred to in vour communicuition, affords satisfactory evi- dence that the twenty-one additional ])ersons in whose favor the majority of said commission report, and the twenty-four ])ei sons named in report of Agent Smith, dated (5th instant, are entitled to. receive patents for eighty acres of land each, subject to the same restrictions and limita- tions as have been provided for the holders of the "(Jilbert scrip.'" R. [Ott, h 10, 1872. 3h 8, 1872, ill i been called >f the tn^aty 30tli of Hep- coin mission- iiaiis of Lalvo , at flie prosciit ior, hIihII be on- Ml of tlic I'reNi- ch liead of a I tlie .'iOth of mixed-bloods (8 of land, to nred by pat- )ed laiiJ, and time in 1860, id in tbc Hai(l ertify simply dausc. Tliis 'xpressly for- lereof, or any ed by virtue id therein or of any other IS to idcnti/i/ )enetit of the form of this some imma- de or assigii- a rat ion, that the benefit >f the treaty, to two liun- filways been le belief that the seventh , of opinion, 11 of the per- the "(Gilbert s in nst issue \1 heirs, and Smith, and factory evi- tlie nuijoi'ity led in report patents for and limita- s(aip." ClIirPKWA 1IALF-I5KFKI>S OF hAKK Sl'I'KUIOK. 317 It appears, from a further examination ofthiscase, that on the 18th of May, 1803, the then Se(!retary of the Interior, Mr. Tsher, by letter to the (JommisHioner of Indian Atfairs, was understood to chaii};e the rule of evidence theretofore adopted by your OlUce in rcfjard to the persons entitled tolaiid under said seventh dansoof the second article of the treaty of 1804. The effect of this clianj-e Inus, without doubt, resulted in the issuance of scrip to a lar^e nninber of persons not entitled to the bene- fits of the treaty. It has also resulted in extensive and systematic frauds, by which scrip has been issued to fictitious persons, and many others not embraced in said seventh clause, and aiipareiitly for the bene- fit only of those who had contrived this scheme for the purpose of pri- vate gaiu and speculation. By the construction of your Oftice put upon Mr. Usher's letter of the 18th of May, 1803, proof of actual residence among or contiguous to the Chippewas of Lake Superior and the Mississippi at the date of the treaty, was no longer required of claimants under said seventh clause ; and under thiscoustruction, wherever a person could be found, no mat- ter where located, who claimed to belong, or who claimed that he ever did belong, to the Cbippewas of Lake Superior, he was entitled to re- ceive, and did receive, od application, such scrip. This construction of the treaty provisions has led to the frauds, irregularities, and illegali- ties before referred to. I have therefore to direct that this construction be reversed ; believing as I do that no one is entitled to the benefits of said seventh clause unless he ^' belonged" to the Chippewas of Lake Superior at the date of Hie treaty. The words of said seventh clause are, " belonging to the Chippewas of Lake Superior," and in order to receive the benefits thereof, the party entitled must have been in the condition therein specified at the date of the treaty. All the so-called " scrip" issued under this treaty, except such as is denominated the Gilbert *' scrip," is so tainted by the actual and clearly established frauds practiced in issuing it under the construction before referred to, as, in my opinion, to deprive these certificates of any value or validity, even for the purpose of determining the identity of the per- sons entitled to the benefits of the treaty. Therefore, besides reversing the construction of the treaty under the decision of Secretary Usher as aforesaid, I have to direct that all the so-called " scrip " forming the subject of your report and that of the commissioners before referred to, except the Gilbert " scrip," be declared illegal, fraudulent, and void ; and all entries of land made with such scrip and unpatented should be canceled. Upon the evidence submitted by the commission and by the letter of Agent Smith dated the 0th instant, it is found that the forty-five persons described in the recommendations numbered 3 and 4 of your report dated the 8th instant are each entitled to eighty acres of land under the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty aforesaid. These per- sons should receive patents under the same regulations and restrictions as are provided for the persons holding the so-called "Gilbert scrip." I have further to direct that hereafter any persons claiming the bene- fits of the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty aforesaid, shall be required, first, to appear before an Indian agent within whose jurisdiction he resides, and make proof under the sanction of an oath, to the satisfaction of said agent, that he or she, at the date of said treaty, was the head of a family or a single person over twenty-one years of age, of the mixed-bloods belonging to the Chippewas of Lake Superior at th^t date. When such proof is made, said Indian agent, if satisfied that the applicant is entitled to locate land under said seventh clause, shall •II i I(" ) •I ,. :j 1 8 (•llll'I'KNVA IIAM'-IIKKr.DS <)l' LAKK HUPKIIIOU. osit tli<> saiiio with tlu^ ro^'istrr of t)i(> laiul-ollln' wiMiiu wliostt distrit't tli«> laud is sitiiati'd to wliirli llio iMMicliciary iinilt'i-saitl tri'iit.y isciitillrti, ^ivin;; with it a rcrtilicato «>!' his opiiiioti in wiitiii;;' that tlu; |>«h'soii ap- plyiti;; is (>iititl(>«l to (>iv:lit.v ticras of land under tlin treaty aioroHaiil ; wht^rcnpon said pei'son shall he entitled to etder, by proper d(^s(•ription, the tract whieh he desires. The register of the land olTlee shidi thereupon transmit all the |iupors, in(;ludin^' the eertillcateof tlu^ Indian a^ent and th(> Conindssiiuier of th(> (ien<-ral liand-Olhee. On reeeipt of such pipers by th(« ( 'onitnissioner of the (ienerid Land oniee, he shall transnnt the same to the Coinndssioner of Indian Atl'airs for his approval. If approved by tln^ ronunissioner of Indian AtVairs they shall be presented to the Seer«'tary of the Interior for his approval, ami when ajiproved by the Secretary of the Interior they shall be re- turiuMl to the C7onnnissi«nier of the (ieneral liiiinlOIUce, who will then bi^ authori/ud to eontlnn thi^ entry and issui; ii ]>atent for the land therein described; and hercnfter no certiliiMdeof identity shall be issued to any person claiming; land under .saiti treuty, and no patent shall be issued to any person clainnn;;' the beiu'tlts of saiii seveidh clause oi' said treaty except in the nninner herein provided. A copy of this letter will be transmitted to the IJtniimissioner of the F TIIK iNTKIlloll, Oki-kk (H" Indian Ai taikm, April I!>, IST'J. Silt: I Iiiivr I Ik- liniinr to iKiUiiowhHljjo Uw n'cj'ipt, l»y ivfori'iicii from ,voui'.s(>lt', of a li-ttcr tVotii n. (i<>o. MoitInoii, csri., rclafivo U) the rluiiiis itl'rntaiii iiairitrrt'd Mi'iiiixtMl-hlood Indians hclon^nn^^ to tlici riiippewas (»t' liaU<^ Superior, I r lands iindor tlHi provisions of tlio s<»v«uitli clausji of tlir second artieu- of tlie treaty with said Intiians, eonelnded Septem- ber .'{(», isr.t. I am nimble from anytbiii;; eontained in tlio letter of Mr. Morrison to aseertain the nam(>s of tlu^ claimants wliom he professes to represent ; but 1 transmit, hertnvitli, a copy of tlx^ dtuMsion of the lion. Sec- retary of the Interior, dated tin; ItUh of Mar(;h last, upon tln^ app]i(;a- tioiis of all persons claiming; to be entitled t<» lands under the fore;;'oiii;;; Irt'aty provision, toficther witli iianu's of forty-live persons who have madi^ application and are decided to be so entitled. iMr. Morrison's letter is hen^with returned. N'ery rcspe«'tfully, your obedient servant, F. A. WALKKU, ' t'ommisHioner. Uou. A. Uamsk.y, United Stdtvs SrHiiie, Dki'Artmi'.nt ov tiik Inieuiou, Ui'i'icE OF Indian Affairs, , May 1, J87L'. Siu: I imrlose herewith for your information and direction a copy of tlu> ilecision of the lion. Secretary «)f the Interior, dated the. i^tli of Manih last, relative to the issuance of scrip under tlio provisions of the seveiiih (^lausi^ of the se(!ond artideof the treaty with tho Chippewa Indians of Lake Superior and the Mississippi, concluded September 30, isr»4, and directions as to the re^julations to be hereafter observed in makiiijjappli(!ation8 for land under the provisions of said seventh clause of the treaty aforesaid. You will }»'<'^t''"'i your action in conformity with the terms of the above-named «lecision and instructions, in all cases where application may be made before you for land by parties claiminj;' to be beneticiaries under the above-mentioned treaty ju'ovision. Verv rospectfullv, voiir obedient servant, r. A. WALKErt, Commissioner. S. N. Clauk, Esf]., I'nited IStates Indian Agent, liai/Jiald, Wis. . Same sent .lune 4, 1871,*, to K. J*. Smith, esq., United States Fiulian 4iyent, White Earth, Minn. Juno 7, 1872, to llenry Beard, esq., AVashington, I). C. .lune 1(5, 1873, to 11. E. Crowell, esq., Saint I'aul, Minn. .lanuary 13, 1874, to E. Douglass, esq., United States Indian agent. White Earth, Minn. February 2, 1874, to (Jeorge I. Betts, esq., United States Indiau agent, Lansing, Mich. I-!' •!■ i ! 320 CHIPPEAVA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. , Department or the iNTERtoK, I "- Office of Indian Affairs. May 20, 1872. Sir : I have the liouor to acknowledge the receipt by reference from you of a letter from D. Geo. Morrison, esq., relative to the claiuis of certain jjersons representing themselves Jis half-breed Chippewa Indians of Lake Superior, to participate in the benefits conferred by the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty with the Chippewa Indians of Lake Superior and the Mississippi, concluded September 30, 1854. These persons, twenty-live in number, (a list of whom accompanies Mr. Morrison's letter,) all made personal application to the register and receiver of the land-otiice at l)u Luth, Minn., for lands under the pro- visions of the above-named treaty, and their claims were recognized and approved at that office. Subsequently the special commissioner appointed to investigate and ascertain who were actually entitled to the benefits of the clause of the treaty aforesaid, reported on the 4th of September last adversely upon the claims of all the parties named in Mr. Morrison's communication, with three exceptions. These exceptions are Joseph Berard, Marie Cadotte, now Mrs. Berard, and Adam Kozeneau. The Hon. Secretary of the Interior, basing his action upon the report of said commission and the recommendation of this Office, in hisdecision dated the 19th of March last, rejected the claims for land of all the par- ties named in Mr. Morrison's letter, with the exceptions above mentioned^ I return herewith the le;tter of Mr. Morrison, together with the in- closure. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. R. CLUM, J Acting Commissioner, Hon. Alex. Ramsey, United States Senate. Superior, Wis., November 29, 1872. Dear Sir : I respectfully ask the favor of your attention to the mat- ter of the claims of certain half-breed Chippewas of Lake Superior, twenty-five in number, whose names are already before your Depart- ment. It is unnecessary to repeat again the circumstances under which they have severally become entitled to the claims they represent. The rec- ords of the Commissioner of the General Land-Office, and the corre- spondence hei'etofore addressed your Department upon the subject, will show correctly that, by the treaty at La Pointe, September 30, 1854, they have just claims upon the Government, and if they have been neg- ligent or slow to press these claims the Government for that reason could not very well evade its liability. If the Government has been already imposed [upon] by others falsely representing claims under provisions of this treaty, it should not affect or bar out those who have just claims. The certificates of Vincent Roy, Bazil Denis, and myself, who have known the parties during twenty-five to thirty years, should be proof in fact to establish everything, so far as information is desired. The Indian agent, S. N. Clark, esq., having thoroughly investigated the circumstances in connection with said claims, is satisfied likewise that they are right and just, and herewith appears his certificate or in- dorsement to that effect. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 321 AIRS. y 20, 1872. ference from le claiuiH of cwa Indians the seventh a Indians of , 1854. iceompauies register and der the pro- recognized estigate and lause of the tersely upon iniunication, rard, Marie n the report I his decision ;' all the par- i meutioued^ with the in- missioner. 20, 1872. to the mat- :e Superior, our Depart- which they . The rec- the corre- ubject. will er 30, 1854, e been neg- eason could een already revisions of St claims. who have Id be proof 3d. rjvestigated ed likewise icate or in- The parties themselves being unacquainted with the manner of Jid- dressing your Department, have asked me to aid them with advice and help as a friend. They now sincerely trust that you will do all in your power to help them, and that you will instruct or have the Commissioner of the Gen- eral Land-Oflflce issue patents in their names, severally, for the lands as described in their respective claims. I remain your most obedient servant, D. GEO. MORRISON. Hon. Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Wanhington, D. C. Sir : The following-named persons, balf-breed Cbippewasof Lake Superior, eigbteen in number, respectfully claim tbat, accordiug to provisions of the treaty at La Poiote, September :10, 18.54, they are each one entitled to receive eighty acres of public lands of the Government ; that they have never received any lands of the Gov- ernment, nor scrip, nor money, nor any other consideration in discbarge of thd same ; that according to the provisions of said treaty, they have, on the 3d April, 1871, and on the ]8 h April, 1871, applied to the district land-office of the Government, at Da Luth, Minn., fur permission to locate their claims upon certain lauds in said dis- trict, and their applications have been granted by the register and receiver of said land-office, who have issued their duplicates or certificates for certain lands in that dis- trict located in discbarge of their respective claims, said evidence bearing date April 3, 1871, and April IH, 1871, returns of which have been duly forwarded to the Commis- sioner of the General Laud-Offlee, Washington, where they are presumed to be on file ; and that having already completed their respective applications, in conformity with the treaty aforesaid, selected their lands, and located tiieir respective claims upon the same, they now respectfully request of the Government patents for said lands. The names of said persons, with descriptive uetails of their respective claims, are as follows : No. 1. Louise Lendrie, south half of northeast quarter, section 31, township 64, range 7, 80 acres. No. 2. Therese Cadotte, south half of southeast quarter, section 26, township 64, range 6, 80 acres. No. 3. Josette Lendrie, southwest quarter of northeast quarter and sontheast quarter of northwest quarter, section 30, township 64, range 7, 80 acres. No. 4. Elizabeth Roy, lot 2, and northeast of southwest quarter, section 27, township 64, range 7, 94.95 acres. No. 5. Angelique St. John, south half of northwest quarter, section 31, township 64, range 7, 80 acres. No. 6. Josette Du fault, north half of northwest quarter, section 32, township 64, range 7, 80 acres. No. 7. Zoe Roussain, lots 3 and 5, section 28, township 64, range 7, 88.23 acres. No. 8. Marie Cadotte, lot 4, section 28, lot 1, section 32, lot 1, section 33, township 64, range 7, 97.59 acres. No. 9. Susannah Cournoyer, lots 4 and 5, section 31, township 64, range 7, 81.20 acres. No. 10. Joseph Berard, lots 3 and 7 iu Island 5, lot 3 in Island 3, section 33, township 64, range 7, 85.02 acres. No. 11. Joseph Lagarde, lot 2, and northwest of northeast quarter, section 32, town- ship 64, range 7, 97.59 acres. No. 12. Richard Morrison, lots 3, 4, and 5, in Island 5, section 5, lots 1 and 4, in Is- land 5, section 6, township 63, range 7, 99.73 acres. No. 13. Marie Gaudin, soutlieast quarter of southwest quarter, section 26, northeast quarter of northwest quarter, section 35, township 64, range 6, 80 acres. No. 14. Josette Lefevre, west half of northwest quarter, section 35, township 64, range 6 ; 80 acres. No. 15. Margaret Petit, west half of southeast quarter, section 27, township 55, range 14 ; 80 acres. No. 16. Lizette Roy, south half of southwest quarter, section 6, township 55, range 14, 80 acres. No. 17. Marie Dufault, norths of northwest quarter, section 7, township 55, range 14, 80 acres. No. 18. Charlotte Gurnoe, southwest of northwest quarter, section 6, northwest of northeast quarter, section 7, township 55, range 14, 80 acres. 21 H B S Ml 322 CHIPPEWA HALF-KREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. SuPEKiOR, Wis., July 27, 1872. We hereby certify tliat we are well acquainted with the above-named persons, and that thfy are Chippewa half-breeds of Lake Superior, and were of ago at date of the treaty of La Pointe, September 30, 1854, which entitles them to the reception of eighty acres of public lands each, according to the provisions of this treaty ; that so far, to our certain knowledge, they have never received any lands of the United States, nor scrip, nor anything else in'lieu of the same; and that now, according to pi'ovisious of this treaty, they are justly entitled to the lands they have located bereia above described as for discharge or settlement of their claims. , Given under our hands this 27th dav of Julv, A. D. 1872. D. GEO. MORRISON. VINCENT ROY. Oki-ice Lake Sitkuiok Indian- Agency, Bayfiiki, Win., October 24, 1872. This is to certify that I am personiilly acquainted with the above-named D. Geo. Morrison and Vincent Roy, and that the stateuients made by them are fully entitled to credit and belief. . S. N. CLARK, ' ' United States Indian Agent. Hon. CoMMi.ssioxEn OF Indian AiFAiRs, ..i »i . »•. U'anbiiKjtoii, 1), C. ,._ ,. .^ . . Sir : The following-named persons, half-breed Cliippewas of Lake Superior, seven in number, respectfully claim that, according to the provisions of the treaty at I^a Pointe, September ;J0, 18r)4, they are each one entitled to receive eighty acres of public lauda of the Government ; that they have never received any lauds of the Government, nor scrip, nor money, nor any other consideration in discharge of the same ; that, according to provisions of said treaty, they have, on the 3d and 18th of April, 1871, applied to the district land-office of the Government at Du Luth, Minn., for permission to locate their claims upon certain lands in said district, and their applications have been granted by the register and receiver of said Isvnd-office, who have issued their duplicates or lertilicatcs for certain lauds in that district, located in discharge of their respective claims, said evidences bearing date April 3 and 1'^, 1871, returns of which have been duly forwarded to the Commissioner of the Gentriil Land-Oftice, Washington, where they are presumed to be on file ; and that having already couqileted their respective ap- plications in conformity with the treaty aforesaid, selected their lands, and located their respective claims upon the same, they now respectfully request of the Government patents for said lands. The names of said persons, with descriptive details of their respective claims, are as follows : No 1. Louisa Morrison, north half of northeast quarter, section 31, towuship C4, range 7, 80 acres. No. 2. Julia Dennis, lots 2, 3. and 4, section 24, township 64, range 6, 101.82 acres. No. 3. Adam Kozeueau, south half of northwest »iuarter, section 32, towuship CI, range 7, 80 acres. No. 4. Louise Trottochand, lots 2, 3, 4, and northwest of southwest quarter, section 27, towuship t>4, range 7, 107.46 acres. No. o. Marie Lesage, lots 2 and 3, section 31, township 64, range 7, 108.70 acres. No. 6. Charles Cadotte, north half of northwest quarter, section 30, township 04, range 7, 80 acres. No. 7. William Morrison, lots 4 and 5, section 32, township 64, range 7,101.63 acres. Superior, Wis., July 27, 1872. We hereby certify that we are well accpiaiiited with the above-named persons, and that they are Chippewa half-breeds of Lake Superior, and were of age at date of the treaty of La Poiute, September 30, 18.')4, which entitles them to the reception of eighty acres of public lands each, according to the provisions of this treaty ; that so far, to our certaiu knowledge, they have never received any lands of the United States nor scrip, nor anything else in lieu of the same, and that now, according to provisions of this treaty, they are justly entitled to the lands they have located, herein described above, as i'or discharge or settlement of their claims. Given under our hands this 27th day of July, A. L). 1872. D. GEO. MORRISON. BA81L DENIS. CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 323 OiriCE Lake SurEiaru I\i>ian Agkncy, • .. ■ * JUtyJield, llis., October '24, 1872. Tins is to certify that I am personally acipiainted with tiie above-iiauiod D. Geo. Morrison ami Hasil Denis, and that the stattinuuts made by tliem are tally entitled to c.edit and belief. S. N. CLARK, United States Indian Jtjent. Hon. COMMISSIONEU OV In'DIAX Al'KAIliS, • Jf'uiliin>i(on, D. C. !: !! Office of United States Indian Agent. White Earth, December 2, 1872. Sir: I have the lionor to present the claira.s of five mixed-bloods "belonginfr to Liike Superior" who were pronounced, by the conimi.s- sion of 1S71. (see Schedule I, Xos. 2, 15, and IG, and Schedule K, Nos. 18 and 19,) entitled to 80 acres each under the treaty of 1854: Paul Belonpjer, Antoine La Pirrie, John La Prarie, Touisaint Chouinard, and John Chouinard. I am informed that the order of the Department closiufj the land- oftices against all applications for entries under this treaty is still in force. If this information is correct I beg to suggest that there are only seven claims of this sort, two besides the above five, viz, D. Geo. Morrison, heir, and Maggie Morrison, heir, and that it will greatly help these parties to receive for themselves the benefit of the treaty, by protecting against importunity and exorbitant commissions by self- appointed attorneys, if instead of opening the land-offices by a general order, there can be issued to each of these parties an order on the local land-office authorizing one entry iu each case of eighty acres of land, and sent directly to them in my care. I am. very respectfullv, voiir obedient servant, EDVV. P. SMITH, United States Indian Agent. Ilon. Commissioner Indian Affairs. tor, section 27, r, 101.63 acres. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, December 10, 1872. Sir: This Office is iu receipt of a communication from D.George Morrisoti, dated Superior, Wis., the 29th ultimo, transnntting state- ments relative to the claims of the following-named persons, unpa\va Indians of Lake Superior, September 31), 1854, viz : .Joseph Berard. Susanne Conrnoyer. Marie Cadotte. Tliej-ese Cadotte. Charles Cadotte. Julia Dennis, .losette Dnfault. Marie Dufault. Charlotte Onrnoe. Mario Gandin. Adam Kozenean. Mario Lesajje. Joseph Lai^iirde. Josette Lendrie. Louise Lendrie. Josette Lefevre. William Morrison. Richard Morrison. Louise Morrison. Margaret Petit. Elizabeth Roy. Z(ie Roiissaiu. Lizi'tte Roy. Ani(!liaiid. 324 CUIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Of the persons above n.ainetl it is fomiil that Josepli Berard, Mario Cadotte, and Adam Kozeneau are incliuU'd in the decision of the lion. Secretary of the Interior, dated March 1!) last, (a copy of which has already been transmitted to you,) as entitled to land under the i)rovis- ions of the treaty above referred to. No further action, therefore, is necessary to determine their claims. The other parties will, if their claims are considered, have to be considered as new applicants, and will be required to appear before you in accordance with the requirements contained in the aforementione. 1). Georjie Morrison. Ma)>);ie MorriMoii. AuibroMC BiiiiHit. Aiitoine Baggagu. Paul Belaiiger, nr. Toiisaiut Choiiinanl. Peter Cota. Cbarlos Diivcriioy, .Io»eiili Deiieaiix. Cutbeiine La Poiut. Charles Mergaii. John Bte. Parisian. John Kice. John li. Warren. Juhu Choniuurd. I am, sir, very respectfully, WILLIS DRUM MONO, Connuinsioner. Hon. Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Washington, D. C, February IS, 1873. Sir: I have the, honor to request that I maybe furnished with copies of the necessary blanks to be used by applicants for scrip under the sev- enth clauvse of the second article of the treaty of September 30, 1854, with the (^hii)pewas of Lake Superior, if such blanks have been prepared ; if not, that 1 may be furnished with the proper form for use in such cases. I would further represent that there are in my ayency, to my present knowledge, some nineteen mixed-bloods, perhaps more, belonging to the Chippewasof Lake Superior who wereover twenty-one yearsof age at the date of the treaty aforesaid. They lived on Lake Superior, and have always been identified with the tribe there. They are women, and at the date of the treaty were married. After a careful and thorough ex- amination of each case it became my belief that if any persons of this class (married women) were proper beneficiaries under the treaty, these women certainly are; and I therefore so certified to the Department. Before taking steps in these ca.ses in the manner specified in the decis- ion of the Hon. Secretary of the Interior, I would respectfully request that I may be informed whether they will be considered. I incjlose a list of the names of persons certified as above, October 24, 1872. Louise Leiidrie. Tlierese Cadotte. Jonette Lendrie. Elizabeth Roy. Angelique St. John. Josette Dnfault. Zoe RouHsain. Marie Cadotte. Susannah Cournoyer. Marie Gaudin. Josette Lefevre. Margaret Petit. Lizette Roy Marie Dufanlt. Charlotte Gurnoe. Louisa Morrison. Julia Dennis. Louise Trottoschand. Marie Lesaae. Verv respectfully, your obedient servant, S. N. CLARK, United States Indian Agent. Hon. 11. R. Clum, Acting Commissioner of Indian Affairs. 326 CHIPPEWA HALF-BREEDS OF LAKE SFPERIOR. \ Department of the Interior, 1 "^ Office of Indian Affairs, Fcbruanj 20, 1873. Sir : IJcfi'iriiijj to voiir letter of the IDtli of March last, passing upon the qnc'sti(Hi of who are entitled to land under the provisions of tlie sev- enth <;lanse of the second article of the treaty with the Cliippewa Indi- ans of Lake Snperior and the Mississippi, eonclnded Se|)teniber .'30, 1854, it is decided that "upon the evidence snbniitted by the commission, and by the letter of Agent Smith, dated the Oth instant, it is found that the forty-five persons described in the recommendations numbered 3 and i of your report dated theSih instant, are each entitled to eighty acres of land, under the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty afore- said. These persons should receive i>atenTs under the same regulations and restrictions as are ]>rovided for the persons holding the so-called ' Gilbert scrip.' " I have the honor to reimrt that this Oiiice was notified, under date of the 20th ultimo, by the Commmissioner of the General Land-OHice, that twenty-three of said forty-five persons above referred to had already made their selections of land, which had been approved and passed for pateuting ; that two others had made selections which would be ap- proved upon the correction of certain errors in the area ; and that in still two other cf ;es certificates of identity had been issued by this Ofilce, but no selection or location in satisfaction of the same had yet been re- ported to that Office, thus leaving eighteen of said forty-five persons to whom no certiflcates of identity have been issued, and by whom no selec- tions or applications to select land have been made. The names of said eighteen individuals last referred to a.'e as follows : Paul Belonger. Paul Beliin. €., Fcbninrif 2.5, 1873. Sir: I acknowledge the receipt of your report of the 20th instant, submitting the names of eighteen persons who are entitled to scrip under the provisiousof the seventh clause of the second article of the treaty with the Chipi>ewas of Lake Superior and the Mississippi of September 30, 1854, and recommending that certificates of identity be issued to said persons in the form accompunying your re[»ort, being, substantially, the CHirPEWA HALF-IJUEEDS OF LAKE SITEKIOR. 327 same used in iasiiiiig certificates of those persons holding the so-calletl "(lilbert scrip." Your recommenthition has my approval, and the certificates will be iissued accordingly. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, C.DELANO, ISecntayi/. U. R. Clttm, Eisc,»., Acting Commisxiouer of Inilian Affairs. 'e as follows Department or the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, February 27, 1873. Sir : I have the honor to report that I am in receipt of a letter from S. y. Clark, esq., United States Indian agent, dated the 18th instant, in which the following statement is made: I wonld fiirtber represent that tbere .are in my agency, to my present kiiowleilgn, some nineteen niixeil-bloods, perliaps more, belonging to the Cbippewas of Lake (Supe- rior, who were over twenty-one years of age at the »bite of tbe treaty aforesaid. They lived on Lake Superior, and bave always been identified with tbe tribe tbere. Tbey are women, and at tbe date of tlie treaty were married. After a earefnl and tborongli examination of eacb case, it beeame my belief tbat if any persons of tbis class (niarri<>d women) were i)roper benetieiaries under tbe treaty these women certainly are, and I therefore so eertihed to tbe Department. Before taking steptt-in these cas«s, in tbe niiinner specilied in tbe decision of the Hon. Secretary of the Interior, I would respect- fully request tbat I may be informed whether tbey will be considered. The provision of the treaty of September 30, 18.j4, applying to these mixed-blood Chippewas of Lake Superior, is as follows: Each bead of a family or single jierson over the age of twenty-one years, at the pres- ent time, of the mixed-bloods, belonging to the Cbippewas of Lake Superior, shall be entitled to eighty acres of land, to be selected by them under direction of the Presi- dent, and which shall be secured to them by patents in the usual form. The question arising here is, who shall be cou.sidered as being the head of a family within the meaning of the foregoing treaty provi.sio:) ? The question was not submitted in Oftice report of ^Marcli 8, 1872, and couseipiently not passed upon by Department decision of 19th of .same month. The special commission appointed in 1871, to investigate and report upon the subject of the issue of "Chippewa scrip," so called, of wliich LTnited States Agent S. X. Clark, above mentioned was a member, in their report to this Office, bearing date September 4, 1871, raise this same question as to who should be held to be the head of a family under the treaty provision hereinbefore quoted, and proceed to decla.e their opinion upon that point, giving their reasons therefor. The commission held that in the two clau.ses, namely, "each head of a family," and " single persons over twenty-one years of age," only three classes of persons were intended to be included : 1st. All male adults, married or unmarried. 2d. All female adults not married. 3d. All males having families, and females who, unmarried or w idows, have families and are not adults. ^ Hundreds of applicants, it was stated in their report, through their attorneys here, claimed that where husband and wife were both living, they were each entitled to .scrip as the head of a family, and they further Sfiy : Your commissiou hold to the legal and common usage of recognizing the man as the bead of the house. That this construction of the treaty was the one accepted at 328 CHIl'PEWA HALF-RUEEPS OK LAKE SUPERIOR. tb« time of itN ratiHoation in ovidont from tlio fiiot tliiit when the liHt wuh beiiiK pre- pared by Agent (lilbort no oiieehiimed thedoiilde right for man ami wife; and furtner- uiore, tliat this coimtrnetion wim not ealied in (|n<>Ntion for eight yearn thereafter. Another fact nhows how thiNchiuMo was construed in lHr»ri. 'I'iu»re were f«>und at Lake Superior eertain white men. wlio were headtt of mixetl-hlood familieH. In order to give these families the benefit of the treaty, it was ne^'essary that the linsband or wife shoidd be enrolled, and it was eon»id»'red as doing less violence to tlie treaty to en- roll the white hnsband and father as a inixed-bhHxl, than to eall the wife the hea«l of the family. Upon this constrnetioii of the intention and limitations of this tn'aty, has your commission proceeded in the work of determining who is now a proper claimant nnder the treaty, and also what issnoHof scrip in the )tiist hav(< been properly made, and it is a nnitter of such grave surprise to us when we lind any other construction has been allowed, that we are )>ersuaded that these i|iu>stions which we have considered as above can never have been laid in their connections anil proper bearings before the Department of the Interior for consideration and decision. lu view of the foregoing recointneiulatioiis of the .special couuniHsion, I lospectfully submit for your decision whsitchiases of persons are right- fully eutitleil to the benetltH of the provisions of said seventh clause of second artich^, treaty of September 30, 1854, and especially in view of the letter of Agent Clark, first above referred to, whether adult mixed- blood women, who were married, at the date of said treaty, to white men, are rightfully entitled to share in the benefits of said treaty pro- vision. Very ree.p»'Ct fully, your obedient servant, U. R. CLUM, Acting Commitisionir. The lion. Secretary of the Interior. Department of the Interior, Offu!E of Indian Affairs, March 1, 1873, Sir : Information was furnished this Office in letter of 20th of Janu- ary last from the Commissioner of the General Land-Ottice, that eight- een of the forty-five persons, decided by the Hon. Secretary of the Interior under date of March 19, 1872, to be entitled to lands under the provisions of the seventh clause, second article, Chippewa treaty of Sep- tember 30, 1854, had as yet received no certificates of identity or made selections or applications to select land. In consequence of such iutbrmation, and pursuant to directions con- tained in letter from Hon. Secretary of the Interior, dated the 25th ultimo, I have caused certificates of identity to be issued under date of yesterday, to said eighteen individuals, as follows : No. 316. Paul Belonger, 317. Antoiue La Pierre. 318. John La Prairie. 319. D. George Morrison. 320. Maggie Morrison. 321. Ambrose Bruuet. 322. Autoiuo Bagage. 32S. John Rice. 324. John B. Warren. No. 32.'>. Paul Belanger, sr. 32G. Peter Cota. 327. Charles Diiveruey. 328. Joseph Doneaux. 32l>. Catharine La Point. 330. Charles Mergau. 331. John lite. Parisian. 332. TonsiaiitChouinard. 333. John Chouiuard. These certificates are herewith transmitted for delivery to the parties entitled to receive the same. You will please acknowledge receipt. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, H. R. CLUM, Acting Com ni itsiomr. E, P. Smith, Esq.) United States Indian Agent — Present- C'llUM'KWA llALF-niiKKDH OK LAKK SlIl'KUlOR. 32J) Washington, I), d., Mtnrh :\, \HTA. Bll! : I liiiv*' (lu> honor t«> iU'kiiowlrtlfic i«'r 'M\, 1S5I, iinl(l to .'t.'i.'t, Itotli inclnsixci. Vorv rrij!p»M'tliiIlv, your olMMJirnt servant, KDW. W SMITH, . Viiited Stdhs linlian At/ntt, Vliqfpcinoi, Minnvfiota. The Hon. OoiMiMissioNKU ol' Indian Ai taiks. coiuiinHsioii, 3 the parties DkI'AUTMKN'I ok TIIK iNTKKIOIl, Wosliiiiifloii, />. ('., Mnrch ;?, I.ST.'t. Stk : Your coniiniinieation of the L'TlIi ultimo, referriii};' to a h'tter I'roin Afjfent S. N. (Mark, dated tlie ISIli ultimo, in r«Mei'en<'e t(» tiu^ (;hiim of certain marri(>d women to huid ninU'r the seventh ehiiist^ of the second article of the tiealy of .'KHli Sejdeinlier, lsr»l, with the (!hi|)- ]>e\\asof Lake SnjK'rioi' ami the Mississippi, has lietMi received. Ill this letter Mr. (Mark sa.vs: I would fnitlici- rcpii'scnl lliiil I licrc mic in my ii;^t'iic\, to iiiv |ircNi'iit kiiowlnln;!., HOMH' niiictcrii iiiixt'd-ltl Is, |ii-i'li!i|i.s iiioir, iM'loii<;iiiK lo llic ( 'lii|i|ii'\MiH ol' l/iil\c Sn|u'rior, wlio wcic over I Wi'iilv-onc \ciiiH ol' ii;;(^ at t he iliilc of t lie I irul.v iilon'Siiiil. 'riit'.v lived on Liikc Sn|i(iior and have alw ajH lin^ii idcnliliiid wit.li llii; I liliit tlinc. 'I'lii'y arc wonirn, and at lli<^ dale of llii^ I rcaly \v<'ri' inanit'il. Al'lcia I'at'i'l'nl and ilioi'on;;li i>\aMiinalion of cacli cast', it lii'i'anu< inv Ix'licf I lial if any iirisons ol'lliis cl«HH (married wonu'n) wnc proper lieiM'lieiiiiie.s under the treaty, these women <'er- tiiitily ai'e, iiiid i lln'ret'oie so eertilieil to tile Depart im^nt. ISelore iMkiii;;' steps in tlie.st^ eai'es in the man net' speeilied in the decision of the Hon. Secret aiy of I he Intel ior, 1 woiihl rcHpectt'iilly reiincst that I may Ix- inroniied whethei' they will he considered. After i'onsidcrino' this sultjcct I am of opinion that the persons re- feried to in Mr. (Mark's letter are not cntithMl to land under the treaty before rcterred to. The treaty {iives to the head of a family or to a siiiji^le person over twenty-one y(^ars ol" aj^e at tin'! date of the same, of inixed-blooils, &c., eiji'hty acres of laiul ; and for the solution of the (pies- tioii now before nu; it is only necressary to settle one (piestion, viz, AVas a married woman at that tinu'! reyar4, with the Chipj)e\va Indians of Lake Superior and the Mississippi, you are advised that the question of the right of such iiulividuals to the bene- tits of said treaty provision was submitted to the Department in Ottice report of the 27th ultimo. In his reply, dated the 3d instant, the Hon. Secretary of the Interior remarks that "After considering this subject I am of opinion that the persons referred to in Mr. Clark's letter are not entitled to land under the treaty before referred to," The Hon. Secretary is of opin- ion that a married woman at the datc! of the treaty was not regarded by the framers of that instrument as the head of a family, which con- struction, he remarks, coin4, wissippi, you « to the bene- cut ill Ottlce s, have fiimilies MiNNEAPOiJH, November 12, 1873. Deau Sill: Please to deliver to (leneial W. i\. Le Due the applieii- tioiis lor s(!rip under treaty of September 30, 1851, which have been tiled atid now in the Indian Bureau of the Interior Department by mo, a list of whieh is hereto attached. J. P. WILSON. Hon. E. P. Smith, , Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Washiuffton City, IK C. AuKiiHtiii, (leiiviove. Alliiiit), Aiidnnv. AUnirt', Mary. Aloiii, Antoiiie, IJrdcoiiicr, Sarali. Beiioit, Antoiiiu. llouvottc, Marie. Herard, Pit'iic. Charrett«!,.lo.sepli, Cariior, Andre Elic. Charoo, Marion. Cloutior, Mario. DeuniraiH, JoHepli, 2d. Dyer, Eliza. Doplinia, Josetto. Delorino, Angelic. DiunaJH, Josette. Decoteaii, Josette. Deniontigney, Marie. Dufiaine, Isabella. Enion.s, Jos 'diiue. Fredericks, .'osepb, sr. Fredericks, Joseph, jr. Fredericks, Mary. Fian, Verginia. Flaniond, Lonis. Fayan, John. Grandljoise, Eucelie. Gauslin, Marie, (rnin, Susan. Grotier, Angelequie. Gladean, Isabella. Gourite, Theophile. Hood, Margaret. Hogg, Joseph. Hamlin, Joseph, sr. Hamlin, Louis. Handin, Margaret, Hamlin, Amable. Isbister, Marie. La Piere, Antoine, La Priere, Catharine. La Priere, .John. La Priere, Anibros*'. La Priere, Ceeil. Ladervnte, Filber. Ladervutt", .Foseidi, 2d. Landiert, .Joseph. Lonley, James. Londrey, Pierre. La Koch, Margaret. La Uocli, Margaret, 2d. La Koch, Elizabeth. La Koch, Oliver. Montour, AngeltHiuie. Monsienia, IjouIh. Marion, Lonis. Marchand, Goodwin. Nolin, Duncan. Pickard, Paul. Paranteau, Francois. Perkins, Margaret. Plant, liouis. Proux, Paul. Pager. Adelaide. Russell, Sarah. Rouclean, Caroline. Kobevie, Felix. St. Dennis, Janque. Swan, Marie. Smith, James. Thomas, Margaret. Thomas, Francis. Tomond, Joan Bte Taylor, Alex. Villineaugh. Angeleque Victory, Ursule. Vandalle, Rosillie. Vandalle, .losette. Vandalle, Peter. Wells, Mary. Zac, Conzao.