^^ V ^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I ■aiM 12.5 «jl4i |Z2 ^ U& 12.0 llii IIJ4 U^ 4 6" ► FlioliQgraphic Sdences Carporation ;\ 23 WIST MAIN STRUT WIUTM.N.Y. USSO (71«)I73-4S03 ^ A ^ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHJVI/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadiair Instituta for Historical Microraproductions / Institut Canadian da microraproductions historiquaa T«chnieal and Bibliographic Notaa/Notaa taehniquaa at bibiiographiquaa Tha Inatituta liaa anamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba WWiographleaily uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may significantly ehanga tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. □ Cdourad covara/ Couvartura da coulaur I — I Covara damagad/ D Couvartura andommag4a Covara rastorad and/or lamlnatad/ Couvartura raatauria at/ou pallicuMa n~| Covar titia miaaing/ D D D La titra da couvartura manqua Colourad mapa/ Cartaa giographiquas wn coulaur □ Cclourad ink (i.a. othar than biua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) r~| Colourad plataa and/or illuatrationa/ D Planohaa at/ou illuatrationa an coulaur Bound with othar matarial/ RalM avac d'autraa documanta Tight binding may causa shadowa or diatortion along intarior margin/ Laraliura sarria paut cauaar da i'ombra ou da la diatorslon la king da la marga intiriaura Blank laavas addad during rastoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar possibia, thasa hava baan omittad from filming/ 11 sa paut qua cartainas pagaa blanches ajoutias lors d'una raatauratlon apparaiaaant dana la taxta, mala, loraqua cala At^^it poasibia, caa pagaa n'ont paa «t4 fiimAaa. Additional oommants:/ Commantairas supplimantairas: L'Institut a microfilm* la mailiaur axamplaira qu'il lui a *tA poasibia da sa procurer. Las details da cat axamplaira qui sont paut-Atra uniquas du point da vua bibliographiqua. qui pauvant modifier una imaga raproduita. ou qui pauvant axigar una modification dana la mAthoda normala da f ilmaga aont indiquAa ci-daaaoua. □ Colourad pagaa/ Pagaa da coulaur 1 t D D El D D D Pagaa damaged/ Pagaa andommagiaa Pagaa reatorad and/or laminated/ Pagaa reatauriaa at/ou peiiiculAes Pagaa discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pagaa dAcolorAas, tachetAes ou piquies Pagaa detached/ Pages dAtachies Showthrough/ Tranaparence Quality of print variaa/ QualitA inAgaia da i'imprassion Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du matAriel supplAmentaira r~1 Only edition available/ Seule Mition dlsponible Pages wholly or pertially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc.. heve been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Lea pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un fauiiiet d'errata. una pelure, etc.. ont At* filmAes A nouveau da fapon A obtanir la maiileure imaga possibia. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est fllmA au taux da rAduction indlquA ci-dassous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 28X 30X y 12X 1M 20X 24X 28X 32X ktailt • du iodifi«r r una Image >• Th« co^ fllm«d hcra has b««n raproduesd thanks to tiM 9«iMro«ity of: Ligislatur* du QuMmc t1«o it no goa oppoTJng horo aro tho pdnHrta eonsidoring tho eondMon of tho original eogy and in i iaoping fiiming eentract apocifieatlons. quality ignt tho Original eopiaa in printod papor eovoni aio fNmad boginning with tho front eovor and anding on tho lost pogo with a printad or Hkntratad impraa- sion, or tho boeic covor whon approprlata. All othor original eopios ar»fllfnod boginning on tho first paga with a printad or Hlustratad i w ipra a sion. and anding on tho last paga with a printad or iihiatratad imprassion. Tha laat racordod frama on oooh shsN contain tha symbol ^^ TINUED"), or tho symbol T whidtovor sppUss. CON. -IWD"». L'sxomplaira fllm* fut raproduit v^ea A la ginAroaM da: LAgislaturt du OuAmc Laa imagaa suhmntaa ont 4t4 roprodultos svoe lo plus grand soin, oompto tonu do la condition ot do lo notlati da i'axamplairo filmA. ot on conformhi avae lao conditions du controt do fUmaga. Laa awamplai r aa origlnaux dont la couvorturo on poplor oot imprim4o sont flimio on common^ont por lo promior plot ot on tomiliiont soit por la d a m li r a pogo qui comporto uno omprointo dlmproaaion ou dlHustratlon. sdt por lo second plot, solon lo COS. Tous iss autraa oxamplalraa origlnoux aont film4a an common^ant par la pramlAra paga qui comporto uno omprointo di m pross i on ou dlHustration ot on torminant par la damMro pogo qui comporto uno tdlo omprointOt Un doo aymboloa suivants spparattira sur la damMra imaga da cltaqua microficho, sskm lo cos: la symbolo -^ signlfio "A SUIVRE". lo symbolo ▼ signlfio "FIN". IMops, piotas. charts, ate., may ba fMmad at d i ffaron t raduction ratioo. Theao too lorgo to bo ontiroly included In one exposure ore fHmod boginning in tho upper loft hend comer, loft to right and top to bottom, os many framae aa required. Tho following cHegreme iliuatrate tho method: planchee. tableeux. etc.. pouvent Atre fHmte i dee taux da rMuetlon diff fronts. Lorequo lo document eet trop grand pour Atre reproduft en un soul clichA. 11 eet flimA A partir da Tangle supArleur geucho. do geuche A droito. ot do hout en bee. en prenent lo nombre dimogee n Ace s selre. Lee diagrammee suhmnts iHuatrant lo mAthode. •rrata to I palurs, in i D 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^Tsm* ■^, Via tHiWuiw of tttatioti im^edTSS:^^*' ,^ ^ people. ^^ «^MI^ •«^v-. ^*,L out ^"te^i m4 i^.- - ' t If : f'W*«M>tm«»t«noh«niii»««r*^r"^™'^ evident Ifa \ fl :"3^^ 'N9^ mil ' 1 Li". '' if lillMn{»|« At tiiokd or sapiise. •■^v A0B|CULTt7RM. DBF»B8aK>N. !CliiMe 18 one question however cm which the electors require no tiofiifr :0t ^Ukar to arrive at a conclusion, and tiiat is the £tod state oi depvto- rtiin ntninnt gd ruin— in which the agricultural interesiis of our p!0a* fmthn&0 loundr Every fa^er laaxywa too well his want of frrdrftO^nty. »|& own empty pocket speaks more eloquently, and more, fo^my, on Hgb pcnnt, t&m the most gifted orator in the counti^. Nature has" g^fftHik to us one of the finest and of the richest countries in the worid. pi^ faifaabitiuite have sprung from ancestors whose enei^iy, intelHgen^ §md buisaness capacity, have enabled them to out-strip, in the race of ^ the inhabitant!? of every country in the world. The invei^Ve 4|dtt of the present age has placed in the hands of the farmer t^'^ . WMk way pemm ikieationt thiB alftm^ng odnclftion dF vi«^ #«m^ onoft ehuged with mnniii^ down the oonntxy, Want of pattioaMljiMi diiliy^t^. No attekttpt is made to «cplain the cause or iMnodBw U~^ iwgray. The faetSi however, cannot be doubted Bow dlffnenl is the conduct of the Hon. Mr. Laurier andi lua «niK» portera The facts having been established beyond a doubt. tlM^ Bonettiy aod courageously set about to investigate thecauiid aiid|Q»^ pneure a vamedy. Can any honest man have aiw doubt, aa. to «i^iS: i«» the be|^ course ? How much longer does Sir John «spa«^ !«(, ailexfoe the&rmers whp speak of their distress by chai^iii^^ t^am 9i|||| . Wteitoftalriotism, or those who iipeak of the reme^rby ctegud#' tilem with being guilty of treason ? , Caxjse of the Prssem^ Aqricultural Dbpbbssioh; The want of piosperity among the agricultural portion of ^mr bopil- lalica must be attributea to one. of the following causes or to anuiWDii^ af.t]iem combiiied: — Ist— Artificial barriers in the way of taxifb. which restrict tbe aat^ of the farm produce, or lessen its pnce. ^ 8nd-~Artifioial barriers in the way of tariffs which inereasil 4db» prioe of nearly everything which the farmer, in ti^e course of liis oDsineas, is compelled to buy. %d— Impositions in the way of taxation which seriously aflMs thii piosperii^. 1. The real cause of our agricultural depression lies in the artificii^ banjers, placed between the fanner and the market in Whiely he seilai ^ produce. Let us see to what market the farmer sends his produosw* We find at once that he has two great markets. Great Britain and i^ United States. The English Market. To Qreat Britain we send our butter, cheese, and a portion of our atiinials. Qreat Britain does not of course adopt the system of Pwk* taction, aud we have her markets free. She affords to us an wuaofklf < of the great advantage of freedom of trade. Did England impose «v«|» , tike smallest duty upon our butter and cheese, it would simply meaair oar ruin. Tbere is not a Protected country in the wprld in wnich W6 oonid sell these articles of farm produce. . The Mabket of the United States. Beddes the market of Qreat Britain, the farmers of tjhiB Domiliii<^ hftve no other market except the United States. There we Imv» f "4 /t "tj ■> 1 - , % ^¥'lfer**'^l^ • nMcet in the Uiat«Mi Stiklies, imd m^i^ i^ ■OMiS^fittfoa^. P||Jm of tN same articles find their way to England. ^ 1 '^iWCKfiOPorted, g- , , ■ ■■■■ ■ ^v / To OreaiMriUmi, To ike UniM8kia0$,, it,; Horses.... :........$ 26,976 $2,113,782 ^l Sheep 803,009 910,3^ €• Poultry.. 1,127 110^793 H/ ^SSF** 1^ 2,166,726 ffides 7,070 464.106 ^ Wool.. 470 216,918 ^\ -Flax. .... 121,807 Barley 3,838 6,464,003 Beans.. .... 406,634 Hay... ........... 84,610 822.381 Malt.. 105,183^ Potatoes. 246 196,676 Vegetables 614 62,660 Total... .$427,876 ^$14,124,801 These %ares show that Canada sold to the United States thirhr- ioiir <|mes as much of the above articles as to Great Britain. Tne i^ffm^/does not however get the above $14,124,801. On his way to itiie market he is stopped by a customs officer, and is compelled to give ■tp the latter a large portion of the money he has received. Without HgW^ag out exactly the" duty on each article, it is safe to say, the iCarmer was compelled to hand over between three and four millions of the flibove sum to the officer guarding our frontiers. The farmer is tlu^refore so much the poorer. This is not however the full measure of his loss. As the tariff now stands, since the McKinley Bill came in force trade in the above arti- t-^Q*i' farms in our Province, the value, and the amount of duty paid on .) \ i i ^1 2 '86 S8 ii7»;;;i H»nowg,£.. .,.:... it m $#;".% (liAig lllough. . . . . . . . ............... 16 00 , B 89> ' U.y Oamwitor... ..i.. .......;. 36 00 0^ ! 'm Howe-rAke. 22 00 6 If v| Scttffler... 1600 4 1& V| Turnip drill... ..; .^.•... 16 00 8 If^ BoUer..... 16 00 416. Fi^nniiig mill. ...;.. 28 60 9 07 •!;% Wiwgons, 2. ."^ 129 84 68 00: ^^ Slepi. 14 28 4 89* Buggy 70 62 29 00* / Cutter. 14 28 4 89* Horse-power 88 00 22 82 . Straw cutter.. ................. .... 40 00 10 86 ^ ,, Horse fork pullers...... ........... 26 00 6 00 < Wi Double harness. 60 00 16 66- 3P Single harness 22 00 6 71L Kitoftools.. 20 00 3 60 ' ^^j Hay knife s 3 16 2 61 \ ^ Chum. 7 00 140' ^^-^9s?'.u Clothes washer. .....! 16 20 8 7(V " Clothes wringer , . . 2 28 1 67 Sewing machine. 33 90 9 7t Stoves,2 ......... 38 00 8 77 ^ Scythes, 3 4 70 2 3p* r-'T^_ Picks, spades, f»hovel 3 00 ^ 1 00- \-^',n Wheelbarrow.^. 2 36 ^ 70 ' Here we have a s^iatement of the duties which a farmer, occi!ipyis|r ' 100 acres of land, has to pay on his farm implements. '^ , We see that not only has the farmer trouble in finding a maikel ' ''^ Icrhis produce, but after he has foundit, one quarter, or more, of the pri^ is extorted from him by the customs officer, and if he undertake to buy any of the ordinary articles required by him in his businen^ ^^ tribute is again levied upon him. Let us take an ordinary example : A farmer has a horse which he 'Can sell to any buyer in the New !I^Qgland States foy one hundred dollars. He starts on his way to d^ liver the horse an^ and f^ttiiWi 1Mu». XAi- \U he u^gilii met by a cosliUBB cifficeriind liae to JiMcl o^ fPhnf^ oa^e waggon. This leaves him onhr 141.00^ for his hwae^ 1^ fanner has mettt a great deal cxf time aiid^tHmhle •^ 'ff that horse. Thie horse bas cost him man^s thf» haipcL dm ' Ipiliotf in pvovicBng hay and' oats, abd in breaking hmi and fit^ig Ira ibrny^et. Alter it is all over lie finds that he was no^ we re^i^_ His neighbor who is a manufacturer, a^id highly protected lli ^f '^ does, h^u» the fanner coinpliedii, and iinmed^tely st^j^ Mm, SMid ilays. ** 9ir, how dare you complain, yott "are not ^^teiotic, yr ourselves." The farmer goes home feelitag sad over the loss of ius horse, but feeling he has discovered the true cause of his want of ■grosnerity, and fully determined he will never cast another vote to CS^tboee custom officers there any longer. The manufacturer also mam home, but he feels uneasy about the determined look in that Cnaers face, and makes up his mind to send $500.00 to the Conserve* five eommittee as his subscr^tion to the election fund to make sure lliose customs officers will not be driven away by the farmers' vote. \ IifOBEASED Burdens of Taxation unde^ PROtEcnoN. Let us examine the questions whether our takation has been in- cc«ased during the lag' ten years— how much mora we pay annually, ' how much more we have paid in all, and whethen this increase has fceen applied to lessen our public debt, or whether that debt has alsd increased. 1 w^ ^ , > • ) 1 ' « ,1 .» t *-4it \ 1 3 c :v| ^*^%L tfe- . K- •r^. '>< -•?. 'I .•^fe' ;«'Tv' ii*'; i ^lif'i^f himm lluiiiiiMiia, The foUowmg %t]^ show the eiun«i0iii iiitir««^ Sum raised hy this means of taxation toe 1889. .J$SOfit»ja$$i. < -ti Sum raised hy same means of taxation for 1879.» IM^IiidlS^ <.; Ebroess of 1889 over 1879 $1%IMJB$^ {, i iJeduct deficit for 1879.. im^M^i^r -m Actual increase of taxation over 1879. . . ^ $1O,199»910< ; In other words the people of this country piad in the one yail^ff 1889 over ten millions more in the way of tiuEation than thej^ d|kl 4i|l^ years before. This it will he remembered is the^ increase for onejgitl^ only. Let us see what the increase was for the ten years, sii^se f|R^ : compared with the ten preceding ye vta from 1869 to 1879 >^ From 1879 to 1889» the total taxation was. $20^731,208 From.1869 to 1879, the total taxation was. 128,^9,894 . .. ',' "i Increase during the last ten years $ 76,461,414 Is it not possible that one of the reasons why the farmer is no|, jm ^ {wosperous as he was ten years ago is that the enormous sum oi 41, Net debt in 1879... 142,990^1^ ^ • Increase in debt for last ten years $ 94,687,8 W We therefore see that this enormous increase in our taxation^ amounting to over 76 million of dollars in ten years, has not been appl^ to the pajrment ibf the public debt. That debt has not decreased! bot on the contrary' has increased over 94 million of dollars. There ©vi* dently is something wrong. ■JS\ L&K" L M, \ ■mi»,-mm"T IT i H ii 5 ' ' -r' : ' ■<' Kr«' iMdieTe the luintti^ the eonnny why th^ am iio4 8o proipB«0Q8 jm Wf w«ie iitili yti|»'^^ rOQly hsve thcise enofmoaft suni heitti tftk«ii from the jpodnil '0tp^W of this Domiiiioiit Imt they have been telten in iiidb a i t&diflerimiiiate agsiiift the ianner and the ^^^ . l]9ira^te <^ life shoidd beiur <^ hnrdeiis ^ texatifHi; Ittt^ iiq«l«r iKliie WBeentinmtem, the neoeisariee of Md axe made to beer it h^Xu, ' ■■ . ^ l%||ag^yearoi2rfanB^sen>o^tedtotheXJttited .' 7 ^Ik^ 17^77 hones md jMikras ditty. . . . . . . . . .$^Si,lS9 : fii984^1 buflhek of barley and paid as doty. . .. . . 99Bt4i$0 "^^1^583 aheep and paid as diit^l...... ;....;),.... ^ 168,425 82^ tons <^ hay and paid as dnty. 164,616 717,668 bosh^ <» potatoes and paid as duty ...... 107,660 JTow torn to the duty on what has been bought^ iD^orin^ the last three years there has be«i paid ib ,v duty on Ii^.................. ....$7,761^ liMSt yeer the duty on printed cotton was 640^308 * : ' On sugar there was paid as d&ty no less a sum than. . 3,675,724 On woolffli goods we paid as duty. ... ....... ... .2,963,937 ^o pays the duty ? ^ It is oonteuded by some that the consumer in all cases pays the '^^Iifty,,a9d. consequently the Canadian farmer need not be pertorbed, fHjEKi can remain tmmoved while ^e Yankee gees on taxing himself. m the consumer pays the duty the McEinley BiU doesn't matter to ilie¥^^ * T^V, ■ v.- »~. '" ifJBt'^' f '.^•il Hi h .'^f 'rm^W::^mmf^' if^irw'" '^tV-' •»■-.-! JP<0iMi. ■ •••»•• I «ij^9^. BmedoiMd 873e0 40jl8^Ka 1 . Biriey>. ..;....,. ^,98^000 0(^^.000 t^ ,, JWt.v. latOOO 18,278^000 -Pm ^"^ BBto*OM 717,000 168,051^000 l-l«^ f How abmund to m that the duty oo snob a snia]! proporl ia«reafle th^ priee. tlio MeKMey m wiU do United Slatw ^p«« , oo^good and the C^nadkw lanaer great ImxiB. TImi* is apeb «b mmt prodoetion of thipe a«l44}«eciabi%^^ jBpods, have been sent there notwithstandinff the My. Im^MI iherefoTe, that if the duty were gS, the supply hmtg no greater* tli#. demand remaining the same, the prieeg woiud mmnin fitmciit iti1||iii axy. Thus neatly the whole of the duty would go :nto.tl»ft p(|c|g||[; of the Canadian e^xkrter, who has to {find a market for tlMS 'ta^A&m' in the. United States. ' . f, I^ot only have the taxes levied upon the people b«en eucMrmots, bql they have been sd ai^ustcid as to bear nndiuy upon the fsnnlng. ecHa»>. muniW. One is naturally driven to ask why this 6normottii:taxftl| JaetUrer in En^and where there is no protection, aud a manufacttuia In the United States where there is hea^ protection, undertaki^ jb 4f9mp8te with each other for furnishing that piece of mac^nery. The ^mpany in South America does not care from which of them it bu^. 4^Vided the quality and the price of the piece of machinery be eqttid. fnidpl^of machiueryis to be made of different materials, and ^e #Rlt thing the English and the American manufacturer have to do is 4o get the materiius. They start together to the different markets of 4Aee world, where the materials are found, and both buy as cheap bA ilieifr can the same kind of articles for the same price. Each returns r to his hotae with the materials he has bought. ^ far each is on the «ame footing. The American manufacturer finds, however, when he reaches his own country, that there is a Customs officei: who WvpL- feUs him to pay, on the material he has brought, duty"^ of from 5 to 50 per cent., say an average of 30 per cent When he has got his materials in his shop read/ to commence manufacturing they have €09t him SO.per cent, more than the materials of the English manu- facturer. The American then hires his workmen and finds that every ihing the workman wears or eats or uses is protected and that as a eonsequence the cost of living is much higher than the cost of living of the English workman, and me American manufacturer has, as a cOn- isequenoe, to pay his workman niuoh higher wa^es than the English UHmufacturer. Then again the whole system of machinery, the tools «iad everything the American manufacturer uses have been protected, as I- I ■ /, % •t"'^ :hm^'M. I .'i • .1 ^^ ♦ '•P :^ mmif .good M tbafc of tlie BaffluitL nummBN^PMr, lidl i.||»r the; poor Amerioni, Im gowlmAre pert 1^ at leasi ^^j- t^iTBth, flborethali tl^ aoods of the ^tkglish^iiii, and thW .^ . eoet ^J^ 1a^ added solely on acoount Of the ble«$ad pnHSfk^lSm 'M been !diyoyii^< 'th.e manager of the establishment in SoUtfi Jkm 4^cAi|ulne8 the two articles, and finds them ,eqnally sood. Be i howe'^or, that as the article manufactured by the American haa J^i^ $6 ^r ceni moi:« than the arHde mapuiactiired by the Bngl man, the latter can sell his article 35 per cent, cheaper. The^ tedWiv. ih^ ^^lishman sells his article, while the American is conipett^d.^ take his home. The American therefore has fuled to sell his arti^nf^ has failed in his competition with the l^nglishman, simply becatlBei.l|fe|t Aiperican was living under a system of protection and tl|»E|Eng)Ki^t^|M^ was not^ Protection has protected the wrong way, it has plsdtectOa^^ii Englishman a^nst the American, and has destroyed the diawei^ cf* ihe American m his co^ipetition against the Englishman. Hie i to use it so as to '^Ipi a fkir value f6r it If they did they womd be rich to-day in |)lafQe ^4^-h^ag poor. The moment the farmers, the luUibermen, the miners ImmK fishermen, bring the money home for their produce thh manufae" ^p^mit takes it firom them and puts it in his pocket. WMle they are ^^^iiipffi|^tted to ^ into the markets of the world and sell Wherever j^y |||i|li. nud a buyer, the manufacturer, under the bleissed , system of pro- f^^tt^^* is allowed to sta^ at home, and chai^ them what he pleases Hir ms manufactured articles. The result is that at the end of ihe y^eltfi the farmer who by his labor brought 36 millions of dollars i^ 'tfO$ country has scarcely anything left, while the maniif acturer, wlio him brOU|^t scarcely anything into the country, finds himself in a few years a millionaire. This is not justice, and it is not for the good of ^ear country. There is only one name for it, it is legalized robbery. Protection then Will not allow a manufacturer to prosper abroad, nor any one else to prosper at home. . Home Market. if there was one argument more than another that, in the past, has ^ tduced the farming community to give any portion o^ its support to thsjse who favored Protection, it waii the maucement held out that it Wiismd give a home market to the farmer for his produce. There is no better teacher t'lan experience, and experience has taught that thi|» pMimise was a delusion. The farmers were told that Protection would (litobnijli .jaanufaciories ; that manufactories would build up for us iHgi eities and toWas in our midst ; that these cities and towns would ^ ifw '■• -w^pi ?!!;! f -I -3^ 0. Ub^ ""- : ■ ^ ftktm - m^l ha# ] -" te^ti "' totl abro Iti r » m«n ' « 'natij ^ poiit J of -tl 1» com Km Bell ' thin seas -■.*. of t ■> imp -.0 toi ."^ t^ icn ' '^ V tur '^ abl k " pri] cou r- bOfl of ' tm poi i. oui thf V^i£j: 'VV»'.P?^"J '»* /^'^: intijitMitea noftt^ ??^«^aMp"' :^'^v •0 ) iBpisifm, is a. i ition. If we had a laiurket at home, why di6iild w«.a«aidt Ml abroad ? We have no libme market^ ai^a amsiDably coi jHiild t^ produce abroad. The least reflexion mustieu aiQP |ie|itm, that it is utterly impossible for protectioipL to give us a niiiirket of any very appreciable value. In the first place Froteenip . h|i|^ noij(ivat us all the manufactories we have, far from it fi^ l>ini$'l te^tion fi^ this for us. It has, by^ increasing the cost of m^teiil^ to tbe^mimufacturer rendered it impossibie for hini to tnannfiUitaie'iyS Abroad. This we have ccmdnsively shown. Our manufacturers ^ip't i^ply manufacture for ourselves. The extent of our manufactoi^t(gi|^'^ ii l&mted by the wants of our own population. With all the isf^M^^i awnti dt modem^maoynery, and the skill with which the USiti^mj^ ^na(»ia« are appfied to propel mac^ a nttall ^'■^■^'^ pcMi^lon^ our population to manufacture for w wants of the pcKipipi^ii oi^tMs Dominion. The number so required is Wholly insnflftcienl to" cbii9«kme Uie vast sur{dus of the agricultural products of our coimtjrtr. If we had a poor barren country, or if we had a smaU country li^ Beiyium, and the surplus of our agricidtural produce small, sofSktk, ] thing might be thought of. But to mlbke sudi pretentions to the pO|^^ seasor of half of the North American continent, ccmtaining ini]JU^w ^.,,,, r«wfltMi - ^m^^ food'- •„-«,«,««.««.«««» w • lUB^ One cent on tlie btidit^ i& the piloe mm d«lve p~. »ia«rkets. WSat th«i )s the du^ oHjhe hour ? J|^. ^former to utilise ottr «u;»ibous agtieultunil rettomaik^^ |iaoB the produee thereof in the markets of the wofld «t jd; nkr«a*. possible cost. How CUn This HE Done. l-iA. fls the English maimfiacturer h^ dono^ by eiii^hlinff our to purchase his sugar, and every article of food he baa to liy^ fyaae his dothing of every kind, to purchase his fajrmiog Imple- im^^J^^^^ the lowest po^U price: Then^wiuW . W^J^f^^j^^^ with the world. Then he WiU opmmawd the markets 2 •oj Jooj ooQsuming nations of the world, ^e^ wjUour farniew »# flgt the ^hsh man^rfactureTS now are,producera who fear nc «gU^titorB in th^ world. Then wiU our vast NoSS West be fillect JJWr* po»«totion tiUi«|f that vast evMAse of inexKiMistaWe sofl, and -o^^PiaAing tiie richest fanning eommunit^ known to aAy age. A Change Must Take I^LAcas. TOs state of pweperity cannot be brought about, so long as ii^ g^t state of affaars 0xist. Sojongas^ every article of doth^ <«r *^r8 wwur, so long as every pound of s|igar and other artide^lood ^he bnys> so long as every farming implement he uses is bur- , K ^l^ *he present taxation, is subject to the present tariflf^ just w> ^ J^I our farmmgindustries languish and our farmers find want . plmam$r at their door. pROTECTipN Does Not Bwno Unalloyed Blessinos Even TO THE Manufacturer. Dttty is imposed not only on the manufactured article, but on. njariy all the material th^ enters into the manufactured article. 1^4jon8umer has to pa^ more for the goods, but the manufacturer* m» not get the protection, owing to the system running all the way t^Wh and the duties imposed on raw material. Take toe exampfe •gtienltural implements, there is a duty oni them of 36 per cent Jh$£: "*?"^i*^ ii^CJ^o^ed cost to the consumer, but the manufacturer doca, not get the benefit, because the duty he has to pay on the raw mikt^tt reduces the protection he obtidns. Every one knows th^ extent to iniidi iron enters into the construction of farming implements. But w^ have lOready riiown that in the kbt three years over seven millioiia u^ doUari have been paid as duty on iron. <' ^r i| about the IneveMe of the piod^oticm of ^ kon, inm In the Doitiiiaon. He oelieved thete would be #'iiiO;000 imiiets «nd stbiths, and that wbtdd give in addii niffket to ^be farmers, besides enabling ns to produ^ all UliiQ Ife^ jMMfliiired witbont imporimg any from alooaa. He staied lld^' would have smelting^ furnaces at Kincston, Pembroke, Bort M Owen Sound and all alons the line to Vancouver/ and he told it* our iron mountahis would be honeycombed by miners and ped|fle would get rich in the developement of this industijrl hiire we realised out of all these promW? He dedared | money was ready to be invested in these ente)q[>rises, and ^H^$ ., was wanting but the consent of Piurliament and the miMmM0:^ Wa M the Governor in order to have the best resi^lts of ^ sijtm PoBey reaHisd What has been the resiilt ? Haver #e fvod^iieCi^ miore pig iron during the. I^iree yeaiis since then thaii #e did b^loj^ Bere ii^ the imports for' these three yee^rs : — 188^r. .... .\ r . . 46^896 tons. .;W&.. .....: 7^ ** ^{^ following table shows the increa«^ of dut^ PU^ % % 0<>>?Wtff mere durii^ these i^ree years: onjp% iron, wlutm ao^ to ^1^^, pfomis^ of Sir Charles Tupper, we would produce a^ home innd oef#i|i > to import: In 1887 imported 45,295 tons pig iron, duty paid f 9^7^ .*^. ' i 1888 " 48»973 " " 195,276. 1889 •• 7.%488 « " 288,459. The third year after that tariff went in force we paid a Itttte less, than $200,000 more duty on the iron unported into this couiltty than we did in 1887. Since the tariff has been thus increased we have collected,' in that -^ way from the consum^Brs of the Dominion, a total of $7^751,433. Thif^- amount paid by the consumers of iron, of whom the mani:^acture9 am the diief, increases the cost to them of their manufactured Vtides ^' wlM^ they make up by adding to the price of the article thev sell to* tM consumer. The policy has wholly failed in the object whi«ih S|r Xl^^es Tipper had m view when this increase was mteodtt<^ bdf^ neveriiheless the farmers have to pay the increased price of imiit* t0ols» etc, etc >>'« 'M J.^'i^^ K«^K)ft!^ ffif i^h,-"-* »«■, \»:a.!»T';Tjg^<-s.' 'Sf'^y' ".'J^yft *''»^^ ; < n(flil9i^>^ BMtfty oiUfiana ofibllan wen inveiiNd'iti ihe hlM^. i' In iik,«mt« ol yeacs ihe ou^ut of tiiese nulls was far ia eaeaite . >^i, wjnoto of th^ ooimtjry. The eottoti mamifaetaxets ocrald nol^ 9^ « ecriijioft in the Dominion beoaose the mairketa were aheady goijildi iboqtft. not sell their cotton in other conntrieiC/beeaiise' iswuig ..^ fr e3tt»MMe of mannfactoring it under our system of proteeAicMa^ 4i^ eonul not compete with the products of other oountnea The ' ffij^fewas ^e well Jknown combine among all oUr cotton mannfaetu- i^ to keep up the prica They all entered into an ainranffement to WQi^k w^der one management land divide the profttd among' mem. This jijivqlTed the shutting down of certain of the mills> at certain times^ Jiod turning the men workii^ in the nulls out of employment. A ||i|iirtieular mill would be run fcnr say six. months and then close/ The mm woi^d be discfaan;ed, and se|it to seek employment else^nere if they could find it. We can easily see the disaittrous effect of this >iQfrstem. Take a particular time or village in which a Cotton Mill M work for six ng^onths employing 200 men say. At the end of thi^ i&ne the mill closes, the men are discharged uid sent home wi^ui anyihihg. They are forced to leave the place, and as a result of tiiis again evei^ grocer, and every merchant in the place finds his trade der^^Mi or perhaps ruined by this sudden departure of so mtuy of his customers. To such an extent has this disaster overtaken our jQotton mills that the owners of the Grey Cotton mills, in despair, ahd almosi-witii ruin staring them in^ the face, have all sold out to a syn- dieate at an averase of about 25 c^its o;|i the dollar, involving an >^ovmous loss to Wose who invested their money in t^e cotton in- .«. t "i wiij,t'''iA*.ii'ilsj(JI*.. M^^^M iii ' 'g%,'y V ■ taiiftJ' '.H Vi 1^ TJ SI/ n \v. ., iMioi^ flotuialtiQg fimiiig tiommimitf , has twem . 1^ mhmtd at dUiraA» AhoSst of ndn. Birfi whj dWiAff 1 r^ti&ithas wioug^ It is now innetioaUy admitted to iMfr |>jf ihe veiy persmis Who gave it life and kepi it in eziatenoe. . .ii;.l|j|^ Tb» sadden dissolution of Parliament has no other meaning tlii^iil ^'W^ i^dmisedion that Protection is now found to be a f ailnre» wat lii^r^r meeto the wants of the country, and that another trade must bo adopted. If the dissolution does not mean that it mcMuiing, Protection then has proved by actual experiment"^ to %<> |(: failnre, the Government admit it to be a failure, and the p^ple av^' a1>ont to prdnounce it a f ailure. What is thg Bbmxdt for the Pbssent State of Affaois ? . , The liberal party, come before the country with a policy dciarlj^ dfK^ dned and easily underntood. t'he policy of Unrestricted Becipro United a in the nail and 'Canada states, is theffifCts be^erhis are the ) present a to that Ltries all kinds of OOO^and worth iS are by , of fact, and the lurchased ) millions d all our onstrates that our nee to us. how this 9 shall be rtanoe to »rtance to »»' w« Smrr oob £yib to tm VAom im^Mt these disclose to Let , «sipi^ OoliHnbla. We find ^e Province expoited of hS awn nnidttM . Mmjim wcarth. To whom did British Columbia seU Itea^Skt - / 56j^sold^,78«.000 worth to the States. In other word^STtifi eaS' off British Columbia, foBy two-thirds of all she had to sell outdid*;., found a market in the Ignited States. Turn to the little ProvinoT^^ «nnce Edward Island. We find she sold to the whole worid SMtf i v . . human bei|ig, much less any man . sibility, presume to tell the people o Cam under a sense of respon- la that the loss, or possiUev loss, of one^half of our commerce with that country is a matter with Ti w ^ °^ "*** concern ourselves. The trade which is so lightly taitceci about is The Best Trade We Have. We understand the American market ; we require no middlemen in, doing busmess there ; buyer and seller are brought mto the closest pos- ^ sible juxtaposition. You might almost conduct a trade by teleph^ at any rate yoh ban by telegraph, with any American^ity within a hun- dred miles of our border. And remember this enormous trade— ^nw- mouB to us in proportion to our total trade-^has sprung up in the teeth of two absurdly hostile tarifis, one absurd tariff on ottf part to kefep American Goods out of Canada, and another ^eiird tariff on the part of the Americans to keep Canadian goods oiit / 1 ,-<"> i -*;: •»$'•:" *^?iwj; y.^r:w^, .'mm^mmm m alliliexei^Qf theiroiMto yoo,.«oe(»«Bag lo«m3c iflfilittifli^ To^y, in ftpllse ol tiiese two titti^Jraetocr: Ji^, we ttlMoltitehr do iw nrneh bmiiiMs wttit die UiilM ' [til the vest of ihe worf4 pi togetiier. We ham ju your attention to the, total votmne of eatports to tiie Vi^^^ ^ out in Older to esfplaln tins matter more foUy we w91 give yoa ' in detail how these figures ocnne ont in the ae^en^ Great DiYijuoNs OF OuB lN|Kj«rBr. b ,^ j^ Ijll^^ we sold to the whole world f4.419,000 worth of the prodnete el 1^ mine, the United States in that respeet were not mer^-^ipv "mi^t enstomer, but ahnoet our sole cnstcnner. liiey take f8,7ii8i,<0OO /ostC^f H41d,000 wortk When we turn to the &heries of whieh yoo Ipk^e bmd BO mueh, there again the United States is l^ far our largetft ^^Mtomer. They take two and one-half times as mnch as Great 3r&ui W^ two and one-half tinges i^ much as thn British West In^^ take. ""^ol St^OOa^OOO worth they take 12^880^000 wortk We cbme to f0BMe pdnt which niay interoit you siiQl more, the greet lumber " ' ef this country. We sold to aU the world |23,^;Q00 wog^ er last year. Of that ihe United States al<»ie took ill/)OO,0OQ yeiy- nearly one-hidf, and almost $1,000,000 worth more than. 'i^tain took. Turn to 7' animals and their produet&'' we find, though the United States' hnporte are enonnously es^maated, as is well known to all persons conversant wi& the ^ iretulms* that out of $26,000,000 worth the United States took irobahly$10i00a,00a worth, because to the $7,000,000 which you will md in the record you may add the greater part of the $3,000,000 #hloh is admittedly " short return " to the united States. We find P another thing that Is significani If you strike out the rangle article dieese, whieh finds a market in England alone, the United States takes inore from us in this line than all t^e rest of the world put together. tpdm to our agri^rollura! products— and this is worthy of your notice, ^ we find that out of $18,414,000 worth the States take $9,1?6,000, ^ady three-quarters of the whole agricultural products, that is of fJl ^e jmxlucfcs of the soil (not including ATiimuli^ or their produce), ex- pqM»d from the whole Dominion of Canada. We find tW for your manufactures, acain, thejr are your best cui^tomer. Out of $4,400,000 they took $t,^22,000. Out of $788,000 worth of miscellaneous articles they took $727,000 worth. So that, with the exception of THE SoLnpijp^ Abiiole OP Chbese, the Tftiiled States are at this present moment by far the largest .-tX) it^ 01 k^tai^^' '^S>S>; .: *^ ".^f 01 ^^iWt 00^ do liiey take thiwe nSi^ more^BjL^S w? ! : Great United : Hines........ • ^?illfe^ Stetw. Bsheries... ••* ,1??'^^ , «8,Y58,000 51 ^Toi^, •••••••• 1,249,000 2mm , . Great United .,« Horses Britain. States &• . ...* $26,976 $2,l5T82 ' •^ • •• U27 110,798 -^ as ^J5 2466,726 Wool WO 464.106 ,,, Phuc 4^0 216,918 '^ Barley...../" -lit 121,807 Beans.... ^'^^ 6,464,008 Hay ;;;;• •••• — ••• 405,634 Malt...... ^*'«10 822,881 Potatoes..:.. 1' 10i5,188 Vegetables . .'. fff 196.676 ' • • 614 62,66« _ Total,.....,.......,;, ^^gygyg ili^Ii;^ •;\^ ' f iiE|i'[(ffff|f*' #Sit't''.t^\:'! '-.^ ' '.i.;^,, ,. „, *,v ifi*^ .8ii^«i^i««iiitgi«.ierthiiiBlmg. l%«iiiait^ ■ ■ ... ^^ SSOVLD Bl LOOKISD AtTIB ; If ^^r^ "^^^f ***** ***^«* ^® «»»^ CWiMUi'a trade is i nudks^ ^r: 1^ spare. Indeed tiie widest facilities A^mki I#i5^ ;?P**^ ^: '% ' ^^™*** wii in wealth and population and mouths have to be fed. No one wiU den;^ that it is a desirable thing to haVe a home market, but yr% are I S^^ i* ^y slow progress. Adopt reciprocal trade relations with the umted States, and see what an immense home market you will have lor the farmer. Within one day's ride, you have gathered together in ei^aes,— not to be built, but already peopled with a population greater than the entire population of the Dommion of (&nada. You have these States for a home market, which are already inhabited with im- mense populations. They heed every product the Canadian farmer has to sell. There is your home market. The Protectionists daim that the home market is the best thing the farmer can have ; but when * proposition is made looking towards the securing of a home market 0/ n > ^f N.. ».-..?»,..-.vft'k w.n"'^^, ;-Am k^^'r-m's^m^-j?-?' "s'r^^tP'^'-'''" < "J* ^«»^> > ■^^fi. n > -r^^-- ;^?-. :*''Ti6-'-rf^'' «(d% thttl lir^ tend to k«6p tlnife ^wiMeti iHpi doaely tlnii _^ ttukt the XMled SlibBf gri^ more of Mttiral pnMiieif leqiiire, and ^lat, tberefGre; that is not a market for vs, the Sice of it» is ▼ery easily to be seen and very easily io be W|iit is thei result ? Wny, take the States that fie eon ^ Ontario, to Qnebee* io Nova Sootia» to New Bronswi^, to Edward Island — take these States, comraising the New Kn^and.^ and the dr^t States of New York and New Jersey, and yon i ' that at the last census they had over 10,000,000 peq|>le in thiuu. these States do not grow enoiurh wheat to bread themsdvea only grow ten million bushels of wheat, when it would take* HS^ lion bushels to feed theoL There is a market right at your very ^^i^ for forty milfion bushels of wheat Ton could send it to them than their wheat producing fields, in far away Kansas and Nel if there were free commercial intercourse between us. H W# had \ tree intercourse, Canada would be the market from whidii tbtae f / would draw the s\]ipply of wheat, for the ten milfion barrels cf they need perannwn. Take the New England States, in w^ti^Q^ the tostimony of tiie Ministry,- the farms are forsaken, and wbere m^] are not growiuj^ what isnecMled for consumption ;-—iUiere you ~ ' immense cities hke Boston, Lowell ; Boston, with a populatei dt ov9i<_ luiiUhi xoilfion. What are these immense cities requiring f l!llfly Mi^^^ quire aU the commodities which we produce in this country. Fotatoei^J are not grown in the New England States, or in New xork, to taa^: quantity like what they need for consumption; while we now them n| abundance, and our market for potatoes is in the United States. Answbb to Objections Against Unbesttbicted Beciprocitt. The First Ohjecti&n. made against the proposal for Unrestricted Reciprocity is that We cannot get it. It is said the United States will not give it to uSb The following resolution moved by Mr. Hitt and passed by the Ui^ted States H^use of Representatives, a complete answer to this 6b{e has declared a desire to enter into such commercial arrangements with the Uj4tod States as will result in the complete removal of all- duties upon trade between Canada and the United States, he shall a|^int ihree commissioners to meet those who may be designated to r^weseni ■4, }V> ft n !lf*!N eerti|£^ Oik wwtcinps gN»ier {reedott «oiii|tnM.Cfili IxNst be S4»eiired, imd said oonunisMoiierB shall report to tlM Trmdeatt who shall 1^ the report before Congress." In addition to this Mr. Blain, whose influence is paramount to-day In ^ United States, has dearly stated that he is willing to enter into nBilotiations with Canada, for freer trade relations/on the basis of tJureistricted Redprociiy. But if this is an objection to the policy of Unrestricted Reciprocity, what is the position of Sir John Macdonald ? He says he has dissolved ^ Parliament simply because he wishes to negotiate with the United States a certain kind of limited, restricted recii>rocity, confined to a few artides and products. The people of the United States have not been sloi^ to eive him an answer. Mr. Blain over his signature has plainly told l»r John^ that the people of the United States will have nothing to do with Sir John's limited redprocity, or any kind of redpror dty except Unrestricted Reciprocity. This objection is then settled. The United States have declared that they wiU accept the kind of redprocity proposed by Mr. Laurier, and that they will have nothing to do with that proposed by Sir John. The Secovd Objection. is that reciprodty with the United States would be disloyalty, in fact treason. This objection is really too cl^ldish to require much discussion. in the first place we have once had reciprocity with the United States, and Sir John Macdonald himself approved of it. Was anyone guilty of treason then ? In the second place, when the National Policy so called was advocated by Sir John and his followers, the very object then stated to be had in view was to obtain Redprocity. The words of Sir John, that he would have reciprocity in trade or redprocity in tariff are familiar to every one. Was there any treason in that ? In the third place we do now trade with the United States more than with any country in the world. Are all those engagied in that trade traitors ? Then there there must be a great many good Conservatives who are traitors. They now trade under two hostile tarifis, pay heavy duties while trading, and as a consequence remain poor. If we get reciprocity these same men will simply go on trading, will pay no taxation or duties, for there will be none to pay, and get rich. Is it loyalty to trade and remain poor ? And is it treason to trade and get rich ? The jew in Russia is called a traitor, because he gets rich,l)ut thank God in no part of the British Emipire has man ever heard of such monstrous doctrine. What does Efngland herself say about this extension of our trade ? Why, there is not an Englisn statesman that has not time and again declared that it was the right the wh mil *^ wh ^i^^^tt it^m^ E-i^&V"-n.r;iU- i> «;wnw'- M.».,-->»« are ities •city or •ade ^ets fever Isay llish -^'■ /•' I C] i f/ %i'isi''n .'k^mi^M €tMiMotoieUta her, and would lie i^t&sttidlier pco^Mi &ie ^ United States, finglaiid dfleke% esid tbe libetii ^NiHb' el t)^ eoontay deeiies to bvild m> on this npirthem ^ert of the JbneneaB eioii- t^enia great and powerltil and proBperoiu ooimiiy» loyal to tiie fliaff of/ jB^glead, and loyal to ourselves. A country lai^ in pobnlatiiiiii end rich in wealth, a countn^ that can Stand with mm and with nuMtoy^ at the right hand, of England, in her hour oi trial, if that hour shoiild^ ever come, and march on with her in the path of progress and lihevtyi . It is said this poU|^ would discriminate agi(inst JSngland. W|io makes this change ? The individuals and the piurty who in 1849 signed the manifesto for annexation to the United States; tiie very same leaders who in 1876, when it wois pointed out that policy of protejstlDB! infiicted duties on the products of England, they answered if that will endanger BHtish connection so much the worse for British connection : the same government which has imposed an average of 28 per eent> on the gocxls imported into this country from our mother land wha^ they have allowed American soods to come in with an average of 16^ per cent : the goveniment who in 1878 found the volume of trade between this country and the United States, and this country and Great Britain 73 millions each, has by its policy feped to intsrease the volume of trade with the mother country which still is 73 mflliopt while that with the United States has amounted up to neaxjy 89 millions. Be not deceived, gentlemen, that policy cannot be disloyal which increases the wealth, the prosperity and the happiness, the con'* tentment, and the attachment of a firitiiui colony to the motherland. Sir John Macdonald and his followers meet the demand of tibe farmers for unrestricted reciprocity with the question : . Where will the revenue come from ? . We may very well answer this question by asking another : Wheiie has it ever come from ? Who ever has paid, and who ever will pay the costs of carfying on the government of the country, but the people? One would imagine from the manner in which the present admmistra^- tion discuss this point that they possessed some maffic wand by waft- ing which money would of itself flow into the pubuc treasury. The people of Canada are no beggars, They do not expect that the Gov- ernment of their country can be carried on for nothing^ or that it ever has been or ever will be carried on for nothing. That is not the question to be decided. The question is, shall it be carried on as it now is, in such a way that enormous extravagance shall be en- couraged, that vast and unnecessary sums of monev will be taken out of the pockets of the people, and taken out in suen a way as prevent trade with other countries, prevent us from having a market for our products, rendering the price of hay, of horses, of potatoes, of barley, f 'i ■H" 1, 4% Til*' ! n J/ h ' teNol ;^Ottei^ K^j i^SSMi' L- Ul l MBH I W -g-mTOWi.- t;»'"-5*S^'-<'> "L bed thAt loss ci doBaittf loment ? ' iniHions Bople bjT le whole e of the ursless? nue and lumeces- Bichard icresoen- lolisis of Qiormoiu million^ Ibe lost ied. In lanoe of and Sir uices of an eX'* him at Lat took fvent on ;y-eight ced aiid dollars, 98 than >minion ousand to-day to-da^ -and if ists in .; < ^ '> haveto^yas^tlenilttk i^ Qaebeo» lir. fwrie^ ^' .6(iim^r9f0f^ through some racky ehfemce'hfis heen (ibt& to lay hia hawb V(f(m . __^ xespondence of the deepest significance, and who is showing to tijf t^J pnblie that tot years and years the department of |9tt)^e wcdks iNlt^ oeen in the hands of contxiactors, who have managed it to their* IHEi|il|| with — ^if not at the present time the oonrnvance, lit least nndor i£clB , very ^es of tiie minister of public works. If you look at the pub^ f accounts you will find tiiat in d very short space of time the eonmiisK;^ ^doners of Quebec- harbor have obtained no less than four millicms of , dollars from the Government to be expended in pubBc w$^ks in tllftj harbor. Works of that value are not to be se^n in the harbor of Qae^ bee, at least with naked eyes. ' But there is a significant explanation of the matter, and that explanation is that, out of these four n^jilions of dollars, there has been a fund of corruption, and we have evidnioe^ at the present time of an expenditure to the entent of seven hundl!«d tiiousand dollars which has passed out of the treasury of CDanada into., the hands of the political jobbers ih the Province of Queb^. Dq you not believe that with a prudent administration we could reduce aU tho unnecessary expenditure, and do you imagine that there would be Any difficultv in balancing that exjpenditure with our revenue if we. only had an honest and prudent administration at Ottawa. The advantages of unrestricted reciprocity cannot for a moment be doubted, and every objection against it is easily met. Who ABE Opposed to It? This policy is opposed by the very men one would expect to be opposed^to it—the manufacturers who cannot live without havmga chance to shut off all competition and the combines. A meeting of these gentlemen was~held in Montreal on theXlOth of February to see how uiey could defeat this measure which the farm- ers so much desire. It is needless to say they determined to oppose unrestricted reciprocity, because it would no longer enable them to grow rich out of the farmers. Here is the resolution they came to : — " Wherefore we resolve to give a united, strenuous and ener^tic opposition to this proposal and to every candidate for election who does not expressly disclaim it." You all know what is meant by " auniibed, strenuous opposition " on the part of these combines. It means that they will subscribe enor- mous sums of money to flood the country with, in order that unrestricted reciprocity may be defeated, and they enabled in the future to accu- mulate millions. Farmers, these men have combined against you with " united, strenuous and energetic " opposition. Be men, farmers, be free men. Show these men who have thus combined against you that you can combine with united, strenuous and energetic opposition — ^not ^^s\ .,;r Vi^- l^Wil^o^ eleeton. ^H^lttl it m poliey of Sir ^olm HacDonald on .4iift appe*. to the ooiiiitegr in the ptesent ^ntest ? It Is utterly impossible for any moa t6 ssy^i Sir John changes his policy every day. Every member of his iSibibiet has a different ^licy. Some of them are for one thing, s(nue for another, bat there is no settled policy, no union in the cal^ei^ . Aotibaur clear and definite, eveiything vague and uncertain. Take the lojioiwing declaration by the Tory party, and find out if you can, the poBisy involved in it. No man can find any policy involved in it, ex- cept the^policy of humbug. The Protection Side OF THE Shield. Sir Johli MacDonald. — ^The policy we inaugurated in 1879, we shall standby. The Empire. — ^The old leader, the old policy, the old fiag Hon. Hr. Colby. — ^I say that free trade between Canada and the United States in all agricultural products would be the worst possible 'thing that could happen to the farmers of Canada Sir ;*4-dolphe Caron.— The issue is clear and well-defined this time It is whether or not Canada will stand by the policy of 1878 the N.P. The Eeciprocity Side op the Shield. Proposals to U. S. — Renewal of the reciprocity treaty of 1854, with . modifications required by the altered circumstcmces of both countries, and with the extensions deemed by the commission to be in the iti- terests of Canada and the United States. Sir Charles Tupp^.— I would like to see the trade relations between Oanada and the United States placed on tbe broadest and most friendly basiB possible, and I know such a state of af&irs would meet the ap- proval Of the Home Qovernment. Hon. Mr. Chapleau. — 1 am in favor of closer commercial relations with the United States, oven to the extent of free trade, if necessary to the prosperity of tbe country. The Qazette,— The widest possible measure of reciprocity consistent with our political independence. Sir John, Macdonald saw that the National Policy has proved a failure, that the people have found it out, that they are rising en masse Xinst, and that enevitable ruin is upon him if he does not pretend to^ nge his policy. It Was Only a Pretence. Sir John s/jnt a dispatch to England with a view of having a com- mission appointed to arrange some kind of limited reciprocity. This dispatch has been published as a sop to humbug the farmers. That it • I 11 my^: ■ S^ilijlVsv ■' ■ ^^ ' "^'^'^^ ■!,^,<^^fe! Ff'*' '•?,- ap- C )■ ''/^ . Jit « yiii*i'- ; :l»Wr^ boMly saj^s: "The pal&y we iiitCMlitced iariSTS we •!» goinjr to atioul ,by." That of oonne semes any doubt Ton eannot have the pioteQ*^ tioQ^ and unrestricted redprodly at the same time. Mb. C!olbt Opposed to BEoiPBOoiTT in NATU&iU. PBOi»i7aT& No later than the last session Mr. Colby, a cabinet minister, spealdng for the ffovemment as well as himself, was asked the question follow^ ingby Mr. Mills.. " That the hon. ^gentleman is opposed to free trade, ii\ natmal ^^^ products?" f Mr. Colby answered " Most decidedly. I say that free trade between Canada and tne United States in all agricultural products, would be the worst probable thing that could happen to tne farmers at .the present time. ' No member of the Qovemment made any attempt to repudiate oir deny the statement by Mr. Colby of the poucy of the Qovemment. ', Farmers of Canada, this is the real poury of the Government how- ever they may try to change or vary it. Is it your policy ? Are you going to vote for that policy ? Whajt can you think of a minister that has de}iberately entered upon that course, in view of the rec(»:ds of our trade and commerce with the na* tions of the world ? Where is the man who is possessed of oxdinaary business sense, who desires his best customer to be cut off his list ? Where is the man with the least degree of tommon sense in commer- cial life who desires to have his customer estranged from him and his trade cut off? Yet the hon. gentleman declares that to have free inter- course with the United States in trade would be injurious, the #ov8t thing that could happen to our farmers and to others. ' Out of $4,4l7,- 170 that we exported as the produce of the mine, Uie hon. gentleman'^ asks that the country which takes $8,753,351 worth of it, should be cut off, and that we should not send any there at all. Of the total of our fishery products of $7,000,000 in round numbers, nearly three mil- lions go to the United States, and the hon. gentleman proposes that we shall cut thorn off as our customers, that we will have no trade with them. What do you think of *a minister of finance and a govemm^it that have entered on a policy like that ? What think you of a Qovem- ment that have declared their belief that as regards the products of the forests, which amount to $23,000,000, in round numbers, of which the United States take $11,000,000, charging a duty of $2.00 per thousand, these products should not enter that market free, and it would be the worst thing that could happen if the market were f^ree ? Whiit think you of a Qovemment that as regards animals and fcheir producte, of which we export to the value of $23,894,000, of which the '^1 i i FA. / Iftiiik kA a Qbi'^eAmiitl^ iwionhcaiig a iK^lfey aad dbdarfioff H ^' ; -46 tW Umted Stately that the removal of these duties woutd be >|.| ' ii||fiini^ Canada and fatal to our farmers ? ' Jtetters of Oanada, the most important electoral contest that pur «OI|IKJaQr has seen, since Confederation, ^^i^^ Two pplioies clear *,i'j and £stinct are placed before you — ^Uie policy of Protection and the pdayy of Unrestncted Redprbcity. Tou must select one or the other. Whkh will it be ? Tou have had Protection and what has it brou^i you ? Has it Inrought you prosperity f Has it increased the value of your farms ? E^ it brouj^t you new markets, or has it increased tiie l^riee of your products ? There is no answer but one to all these aueirfSons ? No, emphatically no. The farmer has to mourn over the cuys of tib^ past, of prosp^ty of other years. He looks back over \ <^ lairii ten years and sees we taxation of his country increased by tem m0SicN^ per annum, the public debt increased bv an enormous ex- tenti, his f^um shnmk one-third in value, his bams nUed with hay and Usepi produce for which he has no miy^et, while every article that he pii^rcfaiases, whether to eat, to wfar, or to use on his farm is increased mpries. Th^ policy of XTnrestricted Reciprocity is now otiSsred to you. If ▼ou ad^ i^ it will open to vou the markets of one of the most power- litl, the most pomdous, and the most wealUiy nation in the world. Tour h^nsss without umit, and without taxation can be sent to the markets ofl^red by the great cities of the New Eng^iand states. There too yoiir ejgff^ your potatoes, your barley, your sheep, and nearly Idl the yariouskiods pf farm produce can lie sent in the same way, without li^t and Without duty. Under this policy bur country will ffrow m wealth and ^pulation, adding strength to the British Empire,and power to our own great Dominion. Tou are ^old that the Liberal party run down our country, when they but point out the wounds inflicted pn the j^rosperity of our country by a false policy. It was the Liberal party of old England that in the past has stood up for. their liberty^ the glory an^l il/be honor of that country, and has nmde of it a nation- the most pi ' '^jerous in peace, and the most power- ful in war that the world has ever seen. Under tho strength of the protection and the glory of the British flag, let us all unite irrespective of old and worn out party cries, to adopt such a policy as will make us populous and prosperous, and powerful in war, as a loyal colony of old 'Inland, to strike with her in the hour of battle, 'against any enemy that may dare to oppose her in her ma^h al<»if; the path of prosperity jM|d Uberty. r ,L w •i i i -■" V': for