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Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmds ik des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est 1\\m6 d partir de Tangle supdrieur gauche, de gauche it droite, et da haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n6cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. errata to I pelure, on d n 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 awp^si ^: r3>-v v^\ •Qvummn^w 2 ueabd's directory of marouette county MARQUETTE ;l 1 i Office with James Picdnds tj- Co. and E. B. Gay, Gqn'l Freight Agent, DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF HAlB^BOFf COAL ft -~— Anthracite Egg Coal, Anthracite Steve Coal, Anthracite Chestnut Coal. Briar Hill Coal, Oak Hill Coal, ^ ■^' d Blosshurg Coal. ■•#^- ';'f''ti-'::" "■■^';?f^'^*'M';'-'-' ■•^^^■^^ -■^-r^isv :- ^l^^iltMlimtS!i:^-:'^A^>»-iAy^.t -.^.M-f- rY. d E. )AL. ut Coal. »al. .#'swi'.«s.w&a!Si jBR^ifiS'i i„- BKAKU'h DIRKOTOUy OF .>r|l»QUKTrK COl'HTY. F. B. SPEAR & CO.. CONSrONKES FOR Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago and Lake Superior Lines. DKALER IN SAiT. ilME. BflICK ETC, HABD AND 80JFT COAL, MARQUETTE, L. S., MICHI&AN. RICHMOND STOEE CO, DEALERS I$r % CROCKERY, &C., Palmer, Marquette Co., Mich. F. B. SPEAR & GO., 2IABQVETTE, mCHISAN. W-> iimm^^iimM tf i lW i i l n IT ■ « . . i f1[ ^ l lHrgfi ^M -4«iibfcLi'«;jLj; r t m "Hit >! .sm A*« « 'WWPSffUftl'" •<*• ^**^.* T ^' ^^- !v?fei ! i BKARD'h DlRECTORlT OP MAHQTTETTE COUNTY. o o ,! t, ; .-1- , M. ^ HP rr''"S /i NEW STOHR BONNETS, HATS, SUNDOWNS, Ladies' Furnishing Goods, Ribbons, -^ ,j Laees, Flowers, Featbers, Omanents, Silks, Velvets, Crapes, Veilo, Ties, Buchings, Collars, Cuffs, Parasols; Eid and Thread Sieves, Handkercliiefs, Belts, f&:, Undersl8#w, Satins, Fans, Aprons, Hosiery, Corsets, Hoop SUrtf, Bu&tles, Combs, Bracelets, Corset Skirt Supporters Pins, Jewelry, -^ Chains, Brushes, Buttons, Threads, sa!" Twists, Fringes, Simps, Edgings, Buttons, Human Hair, 7am, Zephyrs, Canvas, Patterns, Initials, Curls, Frizses and Braids, Switches. Cloaks, Shawls, Scarfs, Wraps, Talanas and Capes, Nubias, Skirts, Jackets, tie, && |3ile9', |l(OireB$' ui |a{aiits' |adBfV9u. Prints, Cottons, Cleakings, Dress Gkods and Suitings, Cloths, Flannels, liAtfles' and OldlKreas' Para, Notions, Trimmings, ' Linings, lie, ft. Any everything else in Ladies' Ooods. CorBer Store, Eyerett's Bloct, MARQUETTE, L. S. MICH. ' ..— wA^^-^^fcA-Jt^J lfA«f^^-m\ r^-!tsss!^&tstm:ssssifiWr''^^ ^ .^,s^-; BEARD'S ^f- Directory / History MARQUETTE COUNTY, WITb' 8KKT0HI8 or TH« .*■'. -■-fj Early History of Lake Superior, ^ ' fz^ '''*•« %^ fSf., ^ MINES, FURNACES, Etc., Etc. DETROIT : Hadger Sc BHYct, Stkam Book and Joi PttiNTEaa, •873. ft ^ite/f III ir.«a-iU, j^ , -a ■-- M i a *— ' "— ■ "w i iBim i w ^sr./x' .M33B3 6 BEAKU's DIHECTORY OF MABQ^BTrE COUNTY. LAKE SUPERIOR mlilt ALFRED QUEEN, MANAQEB. MANUFACTURERS. WHOLKSALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN Flooring, Sidlrag, Sasli, B^ors, BMiiiis, Lath, Uouldings, Lumber, etc., etc. NATIONAL BANK BVILIDHNO. FACTORY AND YARD, ALFRED-GREEN, ARCHITECT. AND 0f ^iilUiniis, NATIONAL BANK BUILDING, KABQTTETTE, ICCHIQAN. ■imaa^^_^^^^ ifMMiiiliMMtilJK^' MUmln^wvK*- --^^iX^] ^il7^\ fsix. .M33B3 OUNTY. OR DKAl-KRS IN 's, Blinds, U Ac, etc. ■yiNG. r. ;en, I'. \mmp, MNG, TE, MICEISAK. PREFACE. '4^ nR^ presenting thi« the first Directory of Marquette county to the ^J^^ public the compilor has neotmarily enciuntered many difBculties alwayn to t>e found in a new country. It wa8 the intention to piiblighihe names of every male adult in the county, and a canvawi wan taken with that object in Tiew but it wu found highly impracticable. The population, e. pecially amongHt the laboren*, ia a floating one, and John Smith at work in one mine to-day, may be Tom Jonet* nt work in another mine to-morrow. Consequently the mtmcB of thoHe living in the principal townfl have been published wiiich we think will meet the wan'H of s!l interested in a Directory at presenl. The com- piler defiircH to return thankH here for courtesies and aiwiHtance rendered by the cit'zens of Marquette County , where these favors have been so univer- sal it is impossible to particularize individuals. We are also especially indebted to Flon. C. I. Walker, of Detroit, for a very interesting and ably written article on the " Pearly History of Lake Superior," and to the " Mining Journal Co.'' for copious extracts from their " History of Lake Superior Iron District." It was deenred important to republish some part of the history of the mines, etc., inaBmuch as the work in to find its way into the public libraries of Europe and America, the . boards of trade of the principal cities of the Union and in other localities where a truthful account of Marquette county ami ^mineral resources may be of interest and profit to ciitside readers. In conclusion the publishers l>e;r the forbearance of the public for errors ./hich will unavoidably cr-sep into every work, to which none are more liable than a directory. We have taken much pains and troubl^pto present a first class " Directory and History of Marquette county," and hope that it will meet the expectation and approbation of our patrons, as this will be the only profits accruing t> Yours, truly, THE PUBLISHERS. ' #r.&»itirai(iiri'.ij 13^ P^^ ■ff.Vnrt^-HTT- ---.?» 8 HKAIin'H DIUWnOUV of MAUgUKITK COUNTY. WX. MiLHOlT. PAY 3. WYCZOIT. MAHON&WYCKOFF, Matiu/ncturers o/ and "Dfalers in FURNITURE, UPHOLSTERY, i >.r »' ii AND msE mmmiuG goods. OrPICE PUBNITURE A SPEOIALri. Masonic BilMing, Front Street, Marquette, Mwh. .^_i».-:JK&r*<^::. .. ^i-, *ft.fv ■-/".'.. W^.' ^■'" - ~- fi ■f-'Jg'B'^'-''*'-"?^-^"'"- '"'f'-'rfy'''^ ^.y-.. Igg )ITNTY. Tnrczorr. INDEX TO ADVERTISERS. COFF. GOODS. LTL ] Street^ Airiihlett, John W. A Co., Stoneware An cr»on,Chii.i. A.. Hqjare Dealing Olotblnc Store- liiiiik, l-'iriit Netionnl. Mnrqfuette. - lt»nk. FitHt NHtional, Neicaunee. 78 .19 ion llrtiik, H«yilonii,Ne«aun«e--- -- ' .>j in Itiiiik, (/'iliien'n MKniuette. ?. Bemllo, Ooo. \V. A 8on, Merchant Tailori y::-\--- "' BenrJ. W. L. *0o.. IliUihIng PoiU InKKle buk .■"ver. itanoroft Iron (Jo Brimkii, r. B.. C E.. Iron Expert - Burt Freestone Co — — --• --- ••• rhumiiion Iron Co Child, H. Fv Photographer • City Livery Stable ■- ;.-v,— Clark. Thou. F-, Aift. Singer Sewing Maoblne Clovelnnd Iron Mining Co Cleveland, L. •)■• Eureka Ointment Congdon, I)., Merchant Tailor Conklin. (!■ N., Jewelry IfVt 119 119 91 Irt :w lit) 96 l.M va __ 52 Crary, I,- V- A Co., Jiifi A Book Printer*- - j* I)eiyar«in«, L'r. J. A ,7, l)(ier Lake Iron and Lumber Co ';?' Karl C. M. W.. Boot* A Shoes — r' Karl. II. t;. A C(>eneer. Harneri- - vj Fxcelsior Livery Stable. ^ (lay, H. A L. A Co., Architect*-- -. Oreen, Allred, A-ohileot and Builder Huron Bay .Slntoand Iron Co Iron Bay Foundry - Jackson, H. M. Milliiieiy. etc .Iiicobson, Julius Dry Oeods, Clothing, etc Kuhlninn A Hotop, (Irocern — „ .^n Lake Superior Powder Co 19ft LakeSnperior Iron Co "rj Lake View House "" 64 6 27 H 4.48 112 SB Maebts, A. (Jrocer. 44 .Mahon A Wykoff, Furniture — **• ."if Marquette Hmwii Stone Co - f' .Maniuotte Iron Co '5 Maniuetto Coal Co - - ,f Moad, T. Variety Store and News Depot " McCombor Iron Co • {y; Morgan Iron Co -.- - - ''^ Mining Journal — - ™ Nyidhart, B. Hardware f» NeolyA Edly. Hardware -^ '"j New Y-rk Irovi Co -'- -•• 'f* Fendiil A Boatty, General Store *» ♦" Preston, K. A. Millinery VT","". ."' Picands, Ja«. A Co-— - t""''* "•<>»• '^over. Picands, Van Cleve A Co — ' Republic Iron Co -a:"-: iw Hopes J. A tJo., Druggists A Chemists l;;j Kichinond Store Co - ;.'J .Scoville A Jtihnson, Hardware »A '7 Ht«fford, II. H. Druggist , • 19 Superior Foundry •';;■•■-.-.-"; : «? Toy, Biokford A Co., Safety Fuse, »,'. H. Call, Agent »j Union Store Co.. General Store — - 1^5 WaUon. J. W. A Son, general Variety Store- « Ward A Webb. Pianos and Musical Merchandise ii Ward. Jno E. A Co.. Explorers and Land Agent* g Washington Iron Co- - - — 9b Wetmore A Bro., Dry Goods ,»» Wetmore, F. A Co., Crockery - }^ West.Hayden * Co.. iMiner'i. Store -~^": ,„ White, Peter, Foreign Passage Tickets end Bxcbaage- 10 White, Peter, Insurance Agent- — 79 Wright. Chas. K., Iron Expert ,- »' • ifrmfi ■MJtijrttt.iaB&aifeiajai^fe- . a . ttiw»iiiK« a ir) i ManiVT « , ,# i t^ . ^ ^.» i| | > >i ■ ^ ii > >ai«« ..^^i 1 1 , iJntiiiioyiiBiliitrii J iEV JO BKAnD'H WUECTORY OF MARQUETrH COUNTY. PETER WHITE. AOKNT' Allan Line, Cunard Line, Inman Line, t-<=^sr.ijLs==^-j > Jl Mil rii^FBOM^S:^^ ii'- t NORWAY, DENMARK, 8WEDEN, GERMANY, EN- GLAND, IRELAND, SCOTLAND, WALES, TO MARQUETTE, MICH. Xw® W^lMmm ^Mmmw^w Than any other agent of the above lines, or any otner lines, in Marquette County. Also sells DRAFTS ON ALL FOREIGN COUNTRIES At the Loiveat Rates, at the f Ifgl laifteaail ©fluife o! Maii?qitt@ie, «l^;iiif^i%:^:»^ei^^ji^^ . ..'. " ' . . t ■f»^A,^:»>jt^|tS»;WM( Directory of Marquette — ^'^* " of Negaunee •"" •' of iHhpeming — ^33 " of Michigammp '^" of Cherry Craek - 162 'Harvey 1^3 " of Humbolt--- -• 183 of Champion- l^^ ot Clarksburg.— -- - 1^4 " of Oreenwoo'l — — 1"* Early HiRtory of Lake Superior — 165 A sketch of some of the Mines and Furnaces of Lake Superior 201 Appendix - **! -«»- ''' ERRATA. -' £ 'i"?" -Jt ^ S3;«sw HHN [i i ni lli i i rinmifl» i ( i m i -;; i |y .-p-^ 12 beakd's dikectory of mapquette county. SCOVILLE & JOHNSON DEALERS IX HAHDWA E VERETTS BLOCK. l?^.', Pocket and Table Cutlerj, Shelf and Builaers' E<»"^.ware, ITails, Qlass and Bope, Shovels, Picks, Mattocks, Spades. Sees, Bakes and Forks, Scythes, Snathes &nd Stones, Carpenters, Blacksmiths and Ma- chinist's Tools, dans, Bevoh'ers, Powder and Shot, Fishing Tackle of all Descriptions, Wagon and Cwriage Woodwork. CHILSOFS BRICK AND PORTABLE FDRMCES, Cau give numerous referertee as to their superiority. CAIB'S HAIB MIIIKG PUMPS. These Pumpa are extensively used throughout the iron mines, and wbe^-e steana cannot be used are admirably adapted to the purpose. Maiiivfactui'srs of all Kinds of Tin, Copper and Sheet Iron Work. * FLUHBINQ, aAS AND STEAM HTTINS, In all it3 Brandies. Chandeliers and Plumbing Material, Lead, Gas Pipe and Fittings. WOOD AND C0ALHE4TING AND COOKING STOVES- '.(■ . iii rf .in iii.-.ia^>^» ^iaj ir^^ii»« r jg»^T.. l8t W&rd. Jan. Atfield, Tho8. E. Cook. U. S, COHNTT AND IDIICtPAL OFFICERS. Collector of the Port- Register of U. 8. Land Office- HIRAM A. BURT. AMBRaSE C. CAMPBELL. Coiinfy Officers. Circuit Judge—Hon. JAMES O'GRADY. Sheriff- JACOB IKJLF - - Marquette. County Clerk— FRANCIS M. MOORE, - - Marquette. Register of Deeds— FRANCIS M. MOORE, - - Maniuette. TreaBurer— JOHN P. OUTHWAITE, - - Ishi-e.ning. Judge of Probate— ED. S. HARDY, - - - Marquette. Prosecuting Auoney— JAMES E. DALLIBA, - Marquette. Circuit Court Com.— JOHN Q. ADAMS, - - - Nsgaunee. City Officers of Marffuette. SAMUEL P. ELY, Mayor. J. H. PRIMEAU, Recorder. F. M. MOORE, Treasurer. City Attorney- AliDEBMEN. 2d Ward 3d Ward. B. Neidhart, Ed. Eraser, A. R. Harlow. Dan'l Brittell. -John L. Cochran. Marshall — T. B. Rundeli. Street Ccinmisgioner — M. McConnell. ' Marquette Lodgm 101 F. ^ A. M. OFFICERS, F. M. Moore, W. M. Jno. Coan. J. D. 8. W. Bailev, S. W. A. P. Burroughs, Treasurer. J. J. Die«?, J- W. D. 8. Sooville, Secretary. E. B. Gay, 8. D. • Peter Hume, Tyler. Regular Communication, Ist Tuesday of each laonth. Marquette Chapter, JVb. 4^, R. A. M. H. M. Maynard, IL P. James E. Dalliba. K. H. R. Mather, S. F. M. Johnson, C. H. F. M. Moore, P. 8. L. M, Spencer, R. A. C. Regular Convocation, first Friday each month. E. B. Gay, Ist V. J. J. Drew, 2d V. L. W. Bailey, 3d V^ M. R. Maiihard, T'eas. D. S. Scoville, Sec-y. Lake Superior Commandery Jio. 30, K. T. James Dalliba, E. Q. H. R. Mather, G. Wm. H. Kaighin, C.G. M. H. Ma/nard, P. F. M, Moore, 8. W. J. J. Drew, J. W. E. B. Gay, Treas. Stated conclave 3d Monday each month D. 8. Scoville, Rec. H. H. Stafford, Std. Br. Alfred Oreen, Sword Br. A. P. BurrouKhit, Ist 6. M. R. Manhard, 2d G. C. E. Van Cleve. 3d G. ■wi j ii. ' . J BSSSSBi^V »m4 HJp i iU l WI i H! J II 14 deabd'h uibectory of mabquette county. HIRAM A. BURT #:<^©. lilMI DEALER. li«ili%ii^t ^mmw TJpon nearly ©yery Street, and in every part of the CITY OF MARQUETTE,-: ■^ -ALSO,- .¥• mn ^Mmmm pit i -■I AND MANUFACTURING SITES For Salr upon the most Liheral Terms to Purchasers fomj'mprovenient. Office Phoenix Block, Main Street, mm!iit^i>^*iiSsisa^k!0mJii$mk9!^'>i¥mfm ■'% ■ m i i i i imi p i '•7!ifl »i (a IG BKABP'S DIKECTOBY OF MARQUETTE COUNTY. 0/ a// Pomi^« of Interest on the .Yorth and South Shores of Lake Superior. Chromos, Engravings, FRAMES, Etc. IN HREAT VARIETY AT MARQUETTE, MICH. The most Elegant and complete Establi.sh- ment of the kind in the J^orthwest. OEDEBS BY HAIL PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. BEARD'S DIRECTORY OF MARQUETTE. A ABEL, Ransom, clerk, bdu. Bluff near Third. Adams, Sidney, contractor, over Stafford's drug store, res. Wash., near Third. Adams James, teamster, res. Bluff near Third. Adams, Chas. P., agent Grace Furnace. Anderson, Jas. A., road master, M. H. & O. R. R. Anderson, Andrew, foundryman, res. cor Fort and Wash. Aiiderson, John, laborer, Wash, west of Seventh. Anderson, Geo. carpenter, Wash. bet. Fourth and Fifth, Anderson, Charles, laborer, Wash, and Fifth. Anderson, Charles, blacksmith. Bluff near Fifth. Anderson, Peter blacksmith, Bluff near Fifth. Anderson, Joseph, laborer, Wash, near Third. Anderson, Charles J. Superior near Front. Anderson, John W. clerk, bds. Tremont. Anderson, John, clerk, bde. Rock near Third. Anderson, Elmer, tinner, Lake near Spring. Andrews, J. E. clerk, with Pendill & Beatty. Andrews, Donald, Arch east of Front. Anson, James, mason, Ridge near Front. Anthony, James, watchman, cor. Sixth and Bluff*. Anthony, James, jr. machinist, cor Sixth and Bluff. -A 18 beabd'h uibkjuoby of mabquettk county. «.! Anthony, Thomaa, moulder, cor. Sixth and Bluff. Anthony, Robert, machinist, Fourth near Bluff. Archibald, Jitichael, saloon. Wash. bet. Fourth and Fiftli. Archaml)auli, Charles, weigher, Superior near Fifth. Archambanlt, W. clerk. Bluff near Third. Arms, W. B. ins.agt.. Bluff near Fourth. Armstrong. Mrs. B. Wash. bet. Fourth and Fifth. Armstrong, Bernard, laborer, Superior near Third. Arobie, James, laborer, Superior near Sixth. Asch, Paul, t^lothing, bds. Cole's House. Ash, Jacob, clerk, with Peudill and Beatty. AKhmead, Seely, bds. National Hotel. Atfield, Patrick, laborer, Bluff near Fourth. Atfield James, Superior near Fourth. Atfield, Michael, laborer. Spring near R- R Augustin, Geo. carpenter. Ridge near Seventh. Avery, Charles H. clerk, with H. H. Stafford. Am. Ex. Co.. W. S. Dalliba, agent. B BABCOCK, Silas, brakeman. Fifth near Wash. Backentaw, J. carpenter. Ridge and Fourth. Bailey, Fred'k, bookkeeper, cor. High and Mich. Bailey, Samuel, A. bookkeeper, cor High and Mich. Bailey, Samuel, carpenter, cor Pligh and Mich. Baker, A. harness maker, Wtsh. street. Baker, John A. bds. National Hotel. Baker, John, switchman. Bluff near Fourth. Balander, Isaac, laborer, Spruce near R. R. Baldue, Joseph, blacksmith, Fourth near Superior. Ball, Daniel H. attorney, office over Stafford's drug store, res Bridge at. near Pine. Ball, William carpenter, cor Front and Mich. Balloy, Maurice, laborer. Third near Fisher. Ballard, John, engineer, Superior opp. Jaih Baly, John, brakeman, Fourth and Wash, -^>miitSi&0ii^m ^ w ii ia Mi rip i y i r »W^ < >W f' » « »* W ilt beard's viMSxrroM of xarqukttb county. 19 H. H. STAFFORD, WlioUsale mA B«tAi^ Battler in DRUGS, MEDICINES, "'W Wmtw CI^Mftf BOOKS, STATIONERY, Lake Superior Views. FBESCBIFTIONS CAREFULLY PREPARED DAY AND NIGHT. Main Street^ near Superior. - ■'5:^ .1 ]!■ Hl'imii I II Ill ' I >li ■|p|(*M» .1. ■■ |iiiii l il liW iW)pW(|| k" m 20 BBARD's DIRKCTOBY op MARQUETTB flOUKTY. H. O. BA.BLS. JKO. T. MoOBSaOB. H. C. EARLE & CO. DBALZB8 IN GBOCERIES, rcfil PROVISIONS, Crockery, Glassware, &G.. AiC. Cole's Block, Front Street, MARQUETTE, - - MICH. *'-/w*ii*vJ' i 4^W.4*if.-i .3v^u,Hi«riw^'H*6»rt^^-*'vf^-^a^. iMJ^^ji4^»* ^. i f< > ^wW; » ^# i ^ ^ ^^ MICH. BBARD'h DIMEOTORY Of MAHQUBTTE COUNTY. 21 Bancroft Iron Co., B. C. Morse, secretary. Banerick, Williaiu, laborer. Arch near Front Bannerman, John, liquors and tobacco. Main iiear Front, res. Arch, eaat of Front. Banks, J. Stewart, Cole's House Barbo, Fred, conductor, Superior near Fifth. Barbeaux, A. laborer. Rock near Front. Barkey, Charles, laborer, bds. Central Hotel. Barklinn, William, laborer, Superior near Third. Barlow, Arthur, laborer, Superior nenr Front. Barnes, , clerk at court house. Barney, Samuel, engineer, Third and Genesee. Barton, Edward, laborer, Hampton near Third. Barnes, John, car;>ent«r, Hampton near R. mill, Barnes, Milton, titeam shovel, Superior near Fifth. Barnhard, F. H. quarryman, Wash, near Third. Barry, James, laborer, Superior near Third, Barry, John, brakeman, Superior near Third. Barry, John, carpenter, Hampton near Third. Barry, Cyrille, carpenter, Hampton near R. mill. Barrett, A. T. clerk, Spruce street. Bartholomew, Jas, laborer, Mich. House. Baxpndale, Thomas, machinist. Rock near Third. Bashaw, Nelson, carpenter. Wash near Sixth. Bashaw, Oliver, brakeman, Wash, near Sixth. Bassu, August, proprietor National House. Bastian, E. boarding house, Rock near Front. Beanstin, P. C. clerk, Ridge near Third. Beardsley, W. J. asst. P. M., Tremont House. Beatty, A. C. asst. bookkeeper, with Pendill & Beatty. Beatty, J. S. res. Front near Arch. Beck, Thomas, blacksmith. Fourth near Mich. Beck, Edwin, machinist. Bluff near Fifth. Bedeaux, J. laborer, Superior near Fifth. Beecher, Geo. L., foreman on dock at Carp. Furnace, cor. High and Arch. Belan, M. teamster, Rock near Third. -?l f iy. 6i . irt»"am'iW# »9! !^ sfc&sri- St-.AS* J 22 beard's DiRBurroBY or mabquette counts. Beleron, JameH, laborer, Mich, near Fifth. Bell, Joseph, laborer, Superior near Front. Bell, George, laborer, Travellers Home. Belmont, Moses J. wi(it)w. Wash, near Seventh. Belanger, George, brakeman, Fourth and Wash. Bending, F. wines and liquors, ros. Ridge near Front. Bending, George, clerk, bds. Summit House. Benedict, Gerrge W. bookkeeper, Wash near Front. Bennett, Peter, prinUr, Mining Journal. Bennett, William H. laborer. Wash, near Third Benson, W. laborer, Superior near Front. Benpre, Anton, laborer, Rock near Fifth. Berdie & Heyn, liquors and cigars. Front near Spring. Bernier. William, clerk, with Peudill & Beatty. Bey, George, painter, Fourth near Wash. Bible, Theodore, laborer Fifth and Wash. Bice, David, carpenter, Sixth near Was . Bice, Sampson, carpenter. Sixth near Wash. Bice, James, engineer. Sixth and Wash. Billard, John, carpenter. Fourth and Wash. Bielrough, A. G. laborer, Superior near Front. Binnah, F. laborer, Fisher near Fourth. Bird, Frank, Lake near Superior. Birt, A. J. real estate. High near Arch. Bishop, Thomas, machinist. Seventh near Ridge. Bishop Charles, machinist. Wash near Third. Blackwood, James, la.borer, I^ke near R. mill. Blackwood, William, tinner. Lake near R. mill. Blair, Hugh, conductor. Wash near Seventh. Blake, Thomas, laborer, Superior near Front. Bleck, Andrew, laborer, Superior near Fifth. Blouin, Dennis, hostler, Fisher near Fourth. Blue, Mathew, mp.son. Ridge near Sixth. Blum, Nelse, laborer, Superior near Front. Bogan, Con. laborer, Ridge near Front. Boler, Maurice, laborer, Third and Spruce. Boler, Pat. laborer. Third and Superior. .^-t'.:ii;U,.aB»^^.t*ji'*">^i**^Hi '■»»>>> ^W'Jjif^^*^'^' ■ '**^?^i^%?;r**^:' .^i,^,i^i0^,^.:^g^,--^-rT--^>^^^^ llKAU!fyt« IHUEt^l'UHy OK MAHgUKlTK COUNTV. 23 LAND^ And Eeal Estate Brokers, MARQUETTE, MICH MINERAL AND PINE LANDS And Minutes and Explorations for Sale. Payment of Taxes for Non Residents ATTENDED TO. REFEB BT PERM188IOM TO - JAY C. MOR8E. JAfi. PICKAND8. Aud others. ,.tt Ig**- mmm mmtm mMw „r'yr"( f'-r -""'■(fy"«-'"'«"^' '"-•"-■■- ■ ■ ' ■ ' ■^■■•^'i^ 24 beabd'h directory of mabquette county. Incorporatea under the Laws of the State of Michigan- mmt Capital, $500,000. Capital paid in, $200,000. MABQUETTE, MICH. TRANSACT A GENERAL BANKINa AND EXCHANGE BUSINESS. -OFFICERS- - AMBROSE CAMPBELL, Hres't. .1. M. WILKINSON, Ca«h'r. EDWARD BREITUNO, Vice Pifes't. FRED. M. STEELE, Aw't " Particular Attention Given to Collections, And prooeeds promptly remitted at the current rates of exchange, on day of payment. We sell Passage Tickets to and from the OLD COUNTRY by the favorite lines. —also— DRAFTS ON ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD. AT THE LOWEST BATES. ■- .' M OUNTI. beard's dihectoby of mabqpette county. 25 *■ Michigan- \i in, $200,000. p1| BUSINESS. .KINSON, Cwh'r. STEELE, Age't " Collections, he current 'ment. ora the OLD ines. /£ WORLD. Bookly, Pat. laborer, High and Arch. Boos, John, mason, Wash, near Fourth. Bovin, Peter, laborer. Rock near Front. Bowdan, Thomas, miner, Bluff near 6th. Bowdry, James, brakeman. Bluff near 4th. Bowdry, A. laborer, Wash near 7th. Boyles, J. Uboi^r, Bluff near 7th. Brag, Jesse, laborer. Wash near 7th. Braley, Gilbert, saddler, 7th near Superior. Bray, Harry, laborer, High and Mich. Bray, J. P. telegraph operator. Wash near 4th. Bray, T. H. clerk, Wash, near 4th. Brennan, Richard, laborer, Superior i^ear Front. Brennan, Thomas, laborer, Wash near 7lh. Bridges, J. A., flagman, res. near round house. Brevier, Louis, clerk, Superior near 5th. ririmacombe & Cundy, builders. Lake near Superior. IJrimacombe, William, builder, res. Wash neer Front. Brimacombe, T. P., boots and shoes, Front near Superior. Brille, Henry, brewer, Spring and 3d. Britelle, Henry, cari)enter, Michigan aear Cedar. Britelle, Daniel, contractor, Arch near Cedar. Britelle, Albert, Michigan, near Cedar. Bro, Alb, brakeman, 4th near Bluff. Brober, John, laborer, 3d and Superior. Brocker, E. C. machinist. Wash izear 7th. Brodie, C. A. clerk at Northwestern, Brousou, S. M. dry goods, res. High and Ridgo. Brooks, John, machinist, Superior near 4th. Brothertou, F. H. explorer, 3d and Bluff. Brotherton, Wilson, explorer, 4th near Ridge. Brown, Samuel, carpenter. Front near Michigan. Brown, John, laborer, Front near R. R. Erown, Michael, laborei, Superior and Third. Brown, Peter^ laborer, Superior and Third, Brown, J. pop manufacturer, Front near Superior. Brown, Ambrose,S. clerk, Lake near Bluff. l B«" i* M ' JIM ' 'W' ' > ' MiT i i ii riilcfHVii'iltWi * j'Vt':.i:-r-^-'-. " .■■-"-.■■Mi'rirlMVIWTI'i.-,'- i 26 BEAUD's UIKECTOUY OF MABQUETTE OOLNTY. Brown, Win, C. clerk, Lake near Bluff. Brown, Jos. J. clerk, Lake near Bluff. Brown, Chae. S. wagon maker, Lake near Bluff. Buehajian, John. Fourth near Bluff. Buckley, Pat. laborer, Superior near Front. Buckley, Barney, laborer, Superior near Front. Burr, John, foreman. Wash, near Seventh. Burt Free Stone Co , Jno. Burt, pres. W. A. Burt, Sec'y, Buraasee, C. saloon. Wash. bet. Fourth and Fifth. Birch, Anton, laborer. Fifth and Wash. Burk, Frank, carpenter, Fisher near Four'h. Burk, Thomas, laborer. Rock near Third. Burley, Adolph, sadler. Seventh near Superior. Burns, Andrew, furnaceman. Lake near R. mill. Burns, Thomas, laborer, Superior near Front. Burt, William, agent Burt Free Stone Co., res. High near Arch. Burt, Hiram, Coll. of Port., Lake near North-Western. Burt, S. Sm agent Grd. Cen. Mine, res. High near Arch. Bushel, John, proprietor Iron Mountain House. Butcher, Harris, Superior and Third. Butler, Fred, butcher, Superior and Front. Butler, Thomas, laborer. Wash, near Third. lit CAIN, Wm. brakeman. National Hotel. Caley, Chas. laborer, Superior near Front. Call, C. H. Cashier First National Bank, Tremont House, Caltin, 8. A. Auditor M. H. & O. R. R., res. Sixth near Bluff. Cameron, J. R. tailor, residence Bluff near Fourth. Camp, Henry, tailor, corner Third and Spring. Campbell, David, contractor, corner Third and Genesee, Cambell, Ambrose, Reg, U, S, Land Office, res. op. Coles House. Campbell, John, tailor. Bluff near Fourth. Campbell, Donald, Bluff near Third. Campbell, Wm. laborer, Superior near Front. Campbell, Robert, carpenter, Ridge near Fourth. fiwljltii i i i .plli li il :.ny . girri;*;>iiis ii rji i tf'#I'i*T i iyiM'!8*# ' 'j^ ^^^*' ii '% JNTY. beabd's dibectobY of mabquette county. 27 \.. Burt, Sec'y. aont House, ctb near BlulS*. th. np. Coles House. Brow nstone Com pany S. p. ELY, President. PETER WHITE, Treas. M. H. MAYNABD, Beo'y and Gen'l Manager. ■ Own Hnd Operate the Celebrated Quarries of 1 :^'E11 fill if ill ^ Igh near Arch. ^| Very Soft and Rich in color, eagily worked when new, and be- come" very hard upon expooure. In unchanged by the) elements and remarkably durable in color. h-Western. | Address, M. H. MA7NABD, Qen'l Manager, near Arch. H MARQUETTE. HURON BAY Slate and Iron Company. — , - ,- ■ ^. W. L. WETUOBE, President. K E. HA71TAIII}, Sec'7 ud Treas. Of very fine texture and lustre, equal to any in the world. QUABBIES ON HVBOIT BAT. General Office at Marquette, Mich, Address, M. H. MATNABD, Secretary. J K i t .-a%.. i^ ^ift^mi<'Mttfi-t'M-m''-b, —:~i . « JH« .^' \f0„^gimmmhm tip n^^'^! j !iJI» fp ms(« ' *'»Wm^ ' 28 beard's dibectoby of icABgUn-rrE county. B. NEIDHART, ■DXAIiBB IN- Poreign and Domestic iK^llW^Bl! STOVES, TIN, -ANU- Marquette, L. S., Michigan. ' t C|.ii i' - i B L ' W ' ft' i. >M '- p;5" ' r' ! W ' A' I i !.#J!wi.f.n" i '':;.; '.'. tvi ''Tr-t""'\'"!r^tT°ftt^^ li,^ U'!''!?? ^^^^^ m m beabd's dibectoby ov mabquette county. 29 Campbell, Arch blacksmith, Bluff near Fourth. Campau, David, contractor. Third and Genesee. Canfield, Chas. telegraph operator, Ridge and iSeventh. Car by, Pat. teamster, Lake near R. mill. Carey, Thus, mason, Rock near Front, Carey, Thos. laborer, Fisher near Third. Carey, Edward, saloon, Lake near Superior. Carey, Pat. mason, Hampton near School. Carp. River Iron Co. uorth of Carp. River. Carson, Samuel, furnace man. Wash, and Fourth. CJasey, J. laborer, corner Spring and Front. Casey, John, laborer. Bluff near. Third. Cavis, C. H. V. civil engineer, Wash, near Front. Cecotte, John, laborer, Washington and Seventh. Cecotte, Octave, laborer. Fourth and Bluff. Champion Iron Co., S. P. Ely, Sec. and Treas. Chartiers, Joseph, brakeman. Fourth and Wash. Charlesworth, Robert, Wash, near Fifth. Chambers, 8. saddler, Superior near Fourth. Chamberlain, Greo. harness maker, Superior opp. Cathedral. Charlson, M, laborer. Third and Superior. Charlsou, Nills, laborer, Third and Superior. Charlson, I. laborer. Third and Superior. Charlsou, Dan, laborer, Third and Superior. ChildS, B. F. photof rapher. Masonic Block, bds. Northwestern. Christy, And. labo.e:, Superior near Front. Church, Sidney E. real est 'e, Watson's Bl)ck. (Jhubb, Robert, watchman. Fourth near l*-Iich. Chubb, Henry, laborer, Fourtn near Mich. Citizens' Bank, Ambrose Campbell Pres., J. M. Wilkinson, Cashier. Clayhorn, Jos. civil engineer, Bluff near Fifth. Clatk, W. clerk. Arch east of Front. Clark, John, laborer. Lake near R. Mill. Clark, S. T. fireman. Third near Bluff Clark, Wm. carpenter. Fifth and Wash. Clark, Wallace A. M., M. D. Crowley's Block. '^^tib^t^^^^^UOXw -f-'-C^J^^ fSjg^w'^^f^^^^^'^aiipJEpw^js.i m .?«" 30 beabd's directoby of marquette county. Clark, H. clerk, with Pendill & Beatty. Claricy, C. laborer, Superior near Front. Clapp, L. clerk, freight office M. H. & O. R. R., Ms. Northwesfrn. Cleveland Iron Mining Co. J. C. Morse, Geu'l Agent. Cleary, David, laborer. Travelers' Home. Cleary, James, laborer, Travelers' Home. Cloese, J. laborer, corner Spring and Front. Coakley, Maurice, laborer, Superior, near Front Coakley, Peter, laborer, Superior, near Front. Coan, John, machinist, Michigan, near High. Coan, William, Arch St. West Front. Cochran, George E. corner Arch and Spring. Cochran, John & Geo. E. att'ys, over Murray & Robbins. Cochran, J. L. attorney, corner Arch and Spruce. Cochran, V. B. clerk, corner Baker «nd Ridge. Code, William, book-binder, corner 3d and Superior. Coffield, Thomas, laborer, corner 3d and Superior. Coffman, Samuel, tailor, corner Washington anJ 5th. Cole, James, laborer, Washington, near 7th. Cole, C. D. photographer, bds. Northwestern. Cole, Acklin, carpenter, corner 5th and Bluff. Cole, A. A. deputy collector, Burt Bros, building. Coles, Jeffrey, "l Coles, William, J- Proprietors Coles House. Coles, George B. J Coles, George, Coles House. Coles House. Front strfeet. Collen, E. carpenter, Michigan street, near Front. Collins, C. G. dry-goods, old P. O. building, res. Wash, near 3d. Collins, H. G. clerk, Washington, near 3d. Combau, Eugene, laborer. Travelers' Home. Condon, John, laborer, Superior, near Front. Conklin, J. 8. clerk, corner Front and Bluff Conklin, G. N. jeweler, Adams Block, b. Blaker street. Connell, Pat, laborer, corner Spring and Front. Connell. J. laborer, corner Spring and Front. Connell, Jerry, teamster, Travelers' Home. ,..3jy ^ . g ji j»,l ij.tll, ^ jiaj,^^^ ^ BEARD'h DIHECTORy OF MARQrKTTE COUNTY. .31 TRUNKS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. Cart and Fine Harness a Specialty. SUPERIOR STREET, NEAR CLEVELAND DOCK. f -^:V-^^-^^T-f--'^— - -^ %A i iS ijj gg! ffl ^ip ^ sia^ 'i.Mk ' ^ i j 'g ii} . ^ ' w 4^1 IS * 32 UKAUd'h I.IBECrOBY OF MABQDETTE COUNTY. T. WARD WARD ^ WEBB, J. WEBB. -SBlAIiXBS IN- 4WmmA§mm% 1 i-i^\JiD=^~' MUSICAL MERCHANDISE, violin and Oultar Strings. SHEET MUSIC A SPEOIALTT. j^xsmo ActBHwi-ai v TRAOK MAnK Vll< ^tore on Washinyton Street, the Cohs ta, MM^t^ett®^ Sieb. ^mwa s s ^ a^^lfiia i itBii i ^ j^ g^^t^ .'M ^S? 3UNTY. UKARDS mUKCTOKY OF MAIiylKTTK CorNTY. 33 J. WEBB. DISE, itrlngs. If OS Eli street. Connere, John, laborer, corner Fisher, near 4th. Conner?, James, laborer, Superior, near Front Conney, J. D. furnaceraan, b. Brown and De Rush. Cook, Mrs E. D Washington, near Ucl. Cook, Christian, shoemaker, 5th, near Bluff. Cook, J. blacksmith, Bluff, near 3fl. Cook, Charles, laborer, Superior, near Front. Cook, D. E. tinner, Washington, between 3d and 4th. Cooley, Pat, carpenter, Rock, near 3d. Cooney, Wm. cl'k with Pendill & Beatly. Corey, Duncan, lab. 3d and Supr. Corey, Rich, boiler maker, Bluff, near 6th. Corey, Geo. lab. Bluff, near 6th. Coughlin, John, laborer, 4th, near Washington. Courtney, Dan, laborer, Superior, near Front. Coyle, James, laborer, Hampton, near 3d. Coyle, James Jr. laborer, Hampton, near 3d. Cozzens, Fred., carpenter, Superior, near Front. Crathy, Stephen, laborer. Travelers' Home. Craig, Reynold, Bluff, near 6th. Craig, Julius, Bluff, near 6th. Craig, John, furnaceman. Bluff, near 6th. Craig, James, puddler, Hampton, near School. Craig, Thomas, mason. Front, near Spring. Crambie, A. laborer, Superior, near Front. Crangle, William, laborer, Michigan House. Crevan, Ed. laborer, Superior, near Front. Creary, L. P. & Co. printers. Masonic Building. Creary, L. P. printer, residence near Methodist Church. Crenelle, Joshua, carpenter, 7th near Rock. C!ribo, Richard, helper, Washington, near Superior. Crist, L. laborer, 4th, near Rock. Crocker, J. plasterer, Central Hotel, Crohn, Meyer, clothing, Washington, between 6th and 7th. Croin, John, laborer, Superior, near Front. Crow, John, laborer. Ridge, near Front. Crow, James, laborer, corner 3d and Superior. ■.V,^*^^p«#!iK***^*^^'^*^'^'-^ 34 UKAUD'h DIUKi^ruHY (>K MABQUKTTK COUNTY. Crowley, Thomas, brskemau, Michigan House. Crowley, Michael, laborer, Lake, near R. mill. Cudlip, John, miner, Waahingion, near 6th. Cumminga, Put, laborer, Superior, near Front. Cummings, George P. civil engineer, 4th, near Bluff. Culhave, Dan. blacksmith, 5th, near Buperior. Culbort & Rood, livery, Superior, near Front Culbert, Josh., livery, Summit House. Cunningham, laborer. Ridge, near Front. Cundy, J. S. carpenter, Washington, near Front. Curtis, James, blacksmith. Rock, near 3d. D DALE, Samuel, boarding house, Superior, near Front. Dalin, Claes, laborer, Superior, near Front. Dalliba & M&pes, attorneys. Masonic Building. Dalliba, J. E. attorney, Coles House. Dalliba, W. S. Ex. Agt. and man. W. U. Tel. Colee House. Daly, James, laborer, Franklin House. Damp, Charles, mason, Washington, near 7th. Daniel, Hugh, painter, Superior, near Front Davis, Miss Lillian, dress-maker, Washington, near Front. Davis, Francis, carpenter, 5th, near Washiugtfw. Daw, Frank, moulder, High, near Michigan. Dearra, Peter, laborer, 4th, near Washington. Deckerraesser, J. laborer. Bluff, near 5th. Deetcher, William, laborer, Fisher, near 4th. Delany, James, laborer, boards Brown & De Rush. Delaf, Peter, blacksmith, Rock, near 3d. Deraay, Augustin, clerk, Genesee, near 3d. Demay, A. F. clerk, Genesee, near Lake. Demeyer, Zavier, saloon, 3d, near Lake. Denn, Peter, pattern maker, corner 3d and Fisher. * Dennis, Joseph, laborer, corner 3d and Washington. De Nevin, E. cashier, with Pendill & Beatty. Deuomy, David, surveyor, corner 5th and Washington. i n pl n ; T] ii | i ji» i i i| ^ il jlj jj wt^^.i»i f^»VM^i?^V ^ f ^i> i m i! JV >m »,ir;7T , \ r bbaro'b dibxotort of marquettb county. 35 Agent for Strueder Show Cases. ■1 ' ■% I lifi L S; V 36 BEARD'b WKEOTORy OF MABQOSTTR COUNTV. Good Horses. g New Buggies. ^^'^^m^^ CULBERT & REED. (At til* Old SUad gf JoAua Colbert,) HAVE THE LARGEST AND BEST ON THE UPPER PENINSULA. T Good Horses and Vehicles for all Purposes. CAREFUL DRIVERS IF DESIRED. FUNERALS RECEIVE ESPECIAL ATTENTION. MARQUETTE, - MICHIGAN. -,^y:»y^g? y ^ §^ w j§8 »f $l » g^ ONTY. nR4IU)'8 DIHEOTORY OF MABQUETTE COUNTY. 37 Buggies. SED« BEST . i •*: JLA. // Purposes. ED. TTENTION. HICAN. Deporte, J. laborer, WaBhington, near 7th. Derry, Wm, C. laborer. Washington, near Jld. Deajardins, J. Phyaioiau, Wataon HUwk, res- 3d and Kock. l)eat«ch, .John, ma«on, corner 3d and Bluff. Deveroo, Jamea, olerk, Ilidge, near 4th. Deveru, J. with Pecanda ^. Co. DeWitt, Charles, hostler, Michigan House. Dietsch, John H. Uilor, Washington, between 3d and 4th. D.bey, John, blacksmith, 5th near Superior. Dobey, Robert, helper, 5th, near Superior. Doerr, Fred, shoemaker, Washington, near 7th. Doherty, Michael, laborer, Hampton, near 3d. Dolf; Jacob, sheriff, at jail. Doll", Frank, carpenter, Superior, near Front. Dollans, Frank, fisherman, Hampton, near R. mill. Dollan, John, laborer. Travelers' Home. Donaldson, Peter, porter, Coles House. Donahoe, John, laborer, Bluff, near 3d. Donahue, Michael, engineer, Bluff, near 3d. Donely, James, laborer, Superior, near 3d, Doner, John, laborer, 7th, near Superior. Doner, Thomas, engineer. Bluff, near 6th. Donovan, Jerry, laborer, Ridge, near 4th. Doukersley, C. Wash, near Front. Donovan, John, laborer, Superior near Front Donovan, James, laborer, Superior near Front. Dooley Tom. teamster, Mich near High. Doran, Octave, laborer. Wash, near Fourth. Dowling, Richard, carpenter. Bluff near Front. Downey, Patrick, laborer, Franklin House. Downey, Morris, laborer, Franklin House. Downs, Cornelius, laborer, Fisher near Fourth. Downs, Hylor A. Sp. Dep. Custom House, res. Lake soar North Western. Doyle, James, carpenter, Bluff near Sixth. Doyle, William J. laborer, National House. Doyle Patrick, teamster. Third and liock. sfsp^S^t? ftrtft'tiigijiaj^.*-- ' . ■*wJ§B^6^j^(>i&itt.'K>^uH*^^ r/«.i-iM'^U','P53^ 38 beard's dibrctory of mabquette county. Doyle, Thoma?, teamster, Third and Rock. Doyle, Edward, boarding house, Superior near Front. Drater, Charles, laborer, Third and Wash. Drew, John, clerk. Ridge near Fourth. Drille, William, boarding house, Wash, near Third. Driscol, Michael, brakeman, Third and Superior. Dubois, E., blacksmith. Fourth near Superior. Duff, James, painter, Piflh uear Bluff. Dume, J. laborer, Spring and Front. Dunkley, Joseph, painter. Front st. Dunlavy, John, laborer, 3d and Hampton. Dunn, John, laborer, Superior near Front. Dunn, James, laborer, bds. Brown & De Rush. Duson, James, plasterer. Sixth and Bluff. Dwyer, Burt, carpenter Sixth i ' Blu.T. Dwyer, Daniel, laborer, Franklin House. Dwyer, John, laborer, Superior neat Third. E EARL, Wm. foreman R. R. Superior and Fourth. Earle H. O. 8c Co^ grocers, Coles Block. Earle, H. C. light house keeper. Elarle, C. M. W. B. and shoes, masonic building, res. Front near Mich. Earle, Peter, laborer, Fourth near Mich. E«'ay, E. F. foreman R. R. Bluff near Fifth. Edge, George, Rolling Mill, Third and Furnace. E)dward, L. brakeman, Wash, bet Fourth and Fifth. Egnew, Frank, laborer, Superior near Front. Eich, Hillard, Grocer, Third near Hampton. Ellenwood, Captain F. foreman, Fifth and Wash. Ellis, Charles, fireman. Wash near Fifth. E'lstrcLa, Fred, laborer, Bluff near Fifth. Ely, S. P. mayor, Lake near North-Western. Englas, Mathew, teamster, Hampton, near Third. English, James, clerk, Third and Rock. hi* 40 beard's DIBEOTORY of MARQUETTE COUNTY PENDILL & BBATTT, -WSOLESALE AKD BETAIL 1E# PROVISIONS, CROCKER Gh?ain, riour, Peed, BOOTS AND SHOES, D Wall Papers, Roofing and Building Pf s — ALSO— VESSEL SUPPLIES. &c. PAINTS, OILS, VARNISM m ^^tm" Enright & Spencer, harness and trunks, Superior near (lock. Enright, James, harnep>8, res. Rock and Third. Erbinding, H. wagon maker, Superior and Fourth. Ericson, Peter, machinist, Hampton near R. mill. Ernau, Felix, laborer, Washington, near 7th. Evans, 8. J. barber. Front and hairing, res. Rock and Third. Evans, J. L. barber. Front and Spring, res. Rock and Third. Ereau, Phillip, laborer. Third near Rock. Everett and Son, bankers, Front near Main. Everett, C. M. banker, res. Ridge and Front. Everett, P. M. banker, res. Ridge and Front. Erickson Manfg. Co , foundry and machine shop, neargas works. Excelsior Manfg. (Ui.,s. w. cor. Wyckoff and Porter, fj^AESSON, Ole, laborer, Superior, near Front Fagan James, laborer, near water works. Fahey, James, laborer, near water works. Farley, Thomas, laborer. Ridge, near 4th. Farmer, .James, furnaceman, Hampton, near School, Farrar, Mrs. Sarah Ann, laundress, 4th, near Michigan. Farrar, S. B. bds. National Hotel. Fassbinder, J. C. butcher. Rock, near 3d. Fee, F. M. laborer, corner Spring and Front Fenah, Charles, mason, Michigan street Field, Fred, plasterer, Superior, near 3d. Finch, laborer, bds. Michigan House. Finch, Charles, teamster, Arch, near Pine. Finch, Ed. moulder, corner 5th and Washington. Finney, Walter, ticket agent, Bluff, near Front First Nat. Bank, Peter White, Pres. Nat. Bank Building. Fisher, David, conductor, Washington, near 7th. Fisher, Medaugb, machinist, Washington, near 7th. Wisher, Ed. plumber. Bluff, near 6th. Fisher, John, teamster, with Pendill & Beatty. c. » fc^^ :„iAt».*;»&"v-\.;.'.: -^ i iii i u i ii. i i,». i ii : i.;, ' .?C^ 42 DKAUD'h DIUECTOIIY OF MAUQUETTE COUNTY. Fisher J, A. laborer, Waah. near 7th. Fiske, E. W. dentist, Watson's Block, res. rear R. mill. Fitzgerald, James, machinist, Rock, near 4th. Fitzsimons, Daniel, tailor. Spring, near Front. Flaherty, Thomas, carpenter, corner 7th and Ridge. Flaherty, Robert, carpenter, corner 7th and Ridge. Flanigan John, laborer, BluiT, near 3d. Flanigan, James, engineer, Wathingtcn, near 6th. Flanigan, William, Machinist, Washington, near 6th. Flanigan, Mathew, printer, Washington, near 6th. Flanigan, Richard, weigher, Washington, near 6th. Flanigan, Eil. carpenter, Washington, near 6th. Flanigan, John, engineer, 4th, near Fisher. Flannery, William, laborer, bds. Franklin House. Flat, John, shoemaker, bdti. with T. P. Brimacombe. Fleetwood, Rev. B. F. res. near St. Paul's church. Fletcher, Duncan, laborer. Bluff, near 6th. Floid, Thomas, boiler maker. Lake, near Bluff. Flood, Derry, mason, 3d, near Superior. Flooding, Andrew, mason, Hampton, near School. Flynn, Pat, Fisher, near Front. Flynn, John, Fishe**, near Front. Fogerty, Pat, laborer, corner Spring and Front. Foley, James, teamster, corner Front and Superior. Foley, John, laborer, Rock, near 3d. Foot, J. laborer, corner Spring and Fort. Foot, Mrs. Jane, laundress, Michigan street. Foot D. laborer, corner Spring and Front. Fountain, Arable, Front, near Superior. Fountain, James, moulder. Bluff, near Fifth. Forbush, Henry, mail agent, 6th, near Bluff. Ford, Maurice, laborer, Hampton, near R. mill. Foreman, Jacob, laborer, Superior, near 3d. Forsyth, Ed. printer, Washington, bet. 3d and 4th. Fortig, John, painter, Washington, bet. 3d and 4th. Fortune, L. carpenter, Hampton, near R mill. Fowler, T. B. gardener. Lake, near N. Western. mill. W^ beard's DIREOTOBt OF MARQUETTE COUNTY. 43 o. lO Fuliiiiilii Milerj, Souet!, Eat!, Mmi lailea ' f WPHlshing j i®a)i^« flihhons, Aprons, Tarns, Ldfips, Hosiery, Zephyrs, Flowers, Corsets, Canvas, Feathers, Corset Skirt Sup- Patterns, Orntunents, porters. Initials, Silks, Hoop Skirts, Human Hair, Velvets, Bustles, Curls, Satins, Combs, Switches, Crapes, Bracelets, Frizzes and, Veils, Pins, Braids, Ties, Jeivelrij, Suits, Riishings, Chains, Cloaks, Collars, Brushes, Talanas and Undersleeves, Buttons, Capes, Caffs, Tlhreads, Shawls, Handkerchiefs, Silks, Scarfs, Parasols, Twists, Wraps, Fans, Fringes, Muhias, Belts, Gimps, Skirts, Kid and. TJiread Edgings, Jackets, Sfc. Gloves. Buttons, Ladies', Childrens' %xA Infants ' Underwear. Prints, Cloakings, Cloths, Cottons, Dress Gnod^s and Suit ings, Flannels ladles' m% @(kll&rw" >iii ■> 48 IIKAUD'h DIUECTOHY OF MABQtJSTTE COUNTY. TUB tntnn MARQUETTE, L. S., MICH. -PUBMHHKD BY — THE MINING JOURNAL GO. Subscription, $3.00 per Annum, IN ADVANCE. '''«J)he Mining Journal is a large, hand- r* somely printed twelve page first class (§// paper. It circulates largely through the %, ^ iron, mining and manufacturing district, and is the acknowledged exponent of the iron and manufacturing interests of the Northwest. As an advertising medium, the Journal is unex- celled. Advertising rates furnished on application by letter or otherwise. » THE MINING JOURNAL (30. mmm |®b ftinftirs, Mok lloleip^, AND BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURERS. Every class of work executed with neatness and dbpatch. »->..*-* t ii U l t^4fi*^ PHif is unex- lon by letter H TT ADDLE, William, laborer, corner Washington and 5th. •■- -1 Hadley. David, laborer, corner 3d and Superior. Hadley James M. carpenter, corner 5th and Bluff. Hagelin, James, blacksmith. Bluff, near 5th. Hagelin, E. bartender, corner 3d and Superior. Hager, G. A. upholsterer. Lake, near R. mill. Haggerty, M. saloon, corner Front and Spring. Hagerstom, C. A. carpenter, Washington, near 7th. Halpin, Ed. butcher. Superior, near 5th. Halpin, E. clerk, at Pendill & Beatty's. Halpiu, D. clerk, at Pendill & Beatty's. Hallam, John, carpenter, Front. Hall, L. A. watchmaker, Washington, near Front. Hah, R. M. book-keeper, city bank, 6 Ridge, bet. Cedar and Spruce. Hamm9nd, C. F. carpenter, c>jr. Washington and 7th, ^" ■ y M HKAltUH UlllKtrroilY OF MABQUBTIE COUNTY. Ilapguo*!,.!. iiiachiuiHt, 7th, near Rook. Hanfonl, John, Arch, E. of Front. Hanft, Philip, laborer, VVaahington. near 4th. llanley, John, laborer, Washington, bet. 'M and 4th. Hannah, Sidney, laborer, Lake, near R. mill. Han.ton, 8 butcher, VVashing'.on, bet. 4th and 5th. Hansen, Swan, laborer, cor. Superior and .{d. HauHcn, Charles, cor. Lake and Superior. Hardy. E. S. probate judge and harborniaBter, rcH. Front near Ridge. Harlow, Andrew R. lumber dealer, 4th and R. R. track, residea Front, near Ridge. Harnian, , painter, 5th, near BlufF. Harrington, John, laborer, Ridge, E. of Front. Harrington, Philip, laborer, Travelers' Home Harrington, Jerry, laborer, Arch St. Harrington, Con. laborer, Ridge, E. of Fror Harrington, Mich, laborer, Franklin Houh Harris, Wra. clerk at Pendill & Beatty's. Harris, Isaiah, machinist. Front, near Arch. Harrison, John F. Fisher, near Front. Harvey, James, Arch, E. of Front. Lassie, John, engineer. Bluff near 5th. Hasselvist, Abe, laborer, cor. Superior and 3d. Hastings, Thomas, Rock, near 3d. Hatch, P>nest, billiard rooms, Coles House. Hatcher, Edmond, blacksmith, Bluff, near 7th. Hav'kinson, N. laborer, Superior, near Fiont. Hawkinson, Peter, boarding bouse, Superior, near Front. Hays, Vic. laborer. Travelers' Home. Hays, Philip, laborer, Superior, near Front. Hays, Thomas, laborer, Superior, near Front. Haynes, C. H. moulder. Bluff, near 4th. »» Haynes, Henry, boiler maker, Bluff, near 4th. Hefferman, Thomas, contractor, 3d, near Genesee. Helmert, John, fireman, tug Dudley, res. Lake near R. mill. Henderson, L. F. laborer, cor. Washington and 5th. %s iJ'^^^MsMm^-niiniKtiina^t m Jil'ilriiNnwli'i ry." JNTY. BRAHD'h DIKErTORY OF MAIigrKTTE CorNTY. CA th. 3r, rcH. Front . truck, resides Front. Iroi Si; Poiidry. \km Soier Wirks. D. H. MERRITT, PBOPRIliTOR. AKA.IVTTVA.O'X^TmxiKI. OV Steam Engines, BOILERS, Blast Furnace, Uining | Mill Uachinery, IRON AND BRASS CASTINGS. rARTICULAR ATTKMTIOjY GI\KX TO RKlUni- im} AMD GENERAL JOB WORK: Lake St. from MwE t© Wasliiieg-tora, MARQUFTTE, MICH. ■jS^^ msm W ii i i f i 'f i i ii inr'r iii i ii 'i ■'i'- | i i m «MiiHwiiji%i "il i i''«'' "i i iy i '' m l ^r |l ^^^ l| lj ll ll: || |l l ij(| l i)^M) ij i | f >l ^ il i^ )^ nT | |lg 52 BF.AUd's DlJiKCTDUY OF MAllQUETTE COVNTY. G. N. CONKLIN, JEWEiLEB FINE GOODS A SPECIALTY. i Tourists are inmted to call wmifie my stock of ex- Late SHperioriForeip Siiecmefls, INDIAN CURIOSITIES, ETC. The Finest Collection on Lake Superior. wm beard's directory of MARQUETTE COUNTX. 53 Hegan, F. O. boots aud shoes, Superior, near Front, res. Rock near Front. Heineman, Ed. laborer, Washington, near 3d. Hendrick, H. B- jeweler, cor. Michigan and 4th. Hennesey, Michael, laborer, 7th, near Ridge. Hansel, Charles, laborer, cor. 3d and Washington. Herbst, Fred, laborer, cor. Wash, and 5th. Herman, , shoemaker, bds. P. P. Brimacombe. Herbert, J. boarding house, Rock, near 3d. Hesse, Herman, laborer, cor. Bluffand 7th. Hetier, Moyse, brakeman, cor. 4th and Washington. Heyn, Barthold, clerk, bds. Ridge, near Front. Hicks, J. C. local editor Mining Journal. Hicks, William, carpenter, cor 5th and Blufl". Hickey Luke, carpenter, 5th, near Bluff- Highland, James, laborer, cor. 3d and Superior. Hillsdale, Wm. clerk. Bluff, near Front. Hinckley, Michael, cutter, Superior, nea'r 3d. Hirsch, John, laborer, Michigan, near 4th. Hocking, John, miner, Bluff, near 6th. Hodeer, C. N. National Hotel. Hodge, Charles, printer, Journal office. Hoffman, Peter, laborer, cor. 3d and Washington. Hogau, Ed. teamster, Fisher, near 4th. Hogan, John, teamster. Bluff, near 6th. Hoggerty, Wm. boiler maker, cor. Front and Mich. Holden, John, blacksmith, Washington, near 7th. Holden, James, laborer, «Vashington, near 7th. Hollister, Robert, clerk, boards Tremont. Hollister, W. R. Clerk, boards Tremont. Hollister, Miss Sophie, dressmaker. Front, near Wash. Holt, Cyrus, moulder, 6th, near Bluff. Homer George, musician, Bluff, near 6th. Hood, John, fireman. Bluff, near Front. Hope, Henry, laborer, Superior, near Front. Hopkins, J. ^ ,^ , „ iir i • . , ' , . TT T ( Hardware, Front, near Washmgton. Hopkins, H. J. ) „£j<).4MSiMl«>k.u„.u»dl .<f »' W''i^M itii '^W» ii -tfV» . r^^ ■» n i .»'< i Mn .■ iiHIWiri i - i j i iWWIcy'iiVH ' '' »yi jl l i #» 54 beabd's dibectoby op mabquette coukty. Hopkins, Samuel, painter, foot Spring, boards Tremont. Hotop, L. Grocer, corner Washington and 3d. Howe, Wra. painter, 3d, near Rock. L.nve, , laborer, corner Washington and 5th. Hughes, Michael, laborer, Michigan House. Hughes, Joseph, laborer, bds. Travelers' Home. Hume, Peter, carpenter, Washington, near 7th. Humphrey, 8. D. physician, Washington, near Front. Hunt, Pat. saddler, corner 3d and Superior. Hunt, Joseph, carpenter, 4th, near Mich, Hunt, J. K., clerk at Tremont. Hunt, H. H. prop. Tremont. Hurlburl, Rev. C. E. Ridge, near Cedar. Hurlburt, Capt. printer, Journal oflSce. Hurley, T. T. harness and trunks, ^ cor.Front and Superior. Hurley, T. T. Jr., " " " \ re?,, cor. Rock and 4th. Hurlick, Charies, carpenter, Wash, between 3d and 4th. Hurny, John, laborer, corner Washington and 5th. Huseby, A. J. laborer, corner 3d and Superior. Hirsley, J. ^ Hirsley, Bur, ^ Vessel owners, Ridge, near 4th. Hirsley, Wayne, ) I ICKSTRUM, Alfred, moulder. Bluff, near 4th. Isler, Henry, physician, corner 3d and Bluff. Ivey, J. machinist, 4th, near Michigan. Iron Bay Foundry* ^' H. Merritt, prop. JACK, Thomas, carpenter, Ridge, near 7th. Jacker, Max, Pattern maker, Washington, near 7th. Jacobs, Frank, carpenter, corner 4th and Washington. Jacobs, Leopold, porter Coles House. Jacobs, John A. sup't stone quarry, Hampton, near 3d. i . ii M i iM ii " i ^ ' ' i''i i ' wi i ltf ii < iil>'ilMWwfn'?-rn-r' w- )UNTY. emont. Front. BEARD tJ WBECroRY OF MARQUKri'B COUNTY. .W SCOVILLE & JOHNSON, DBAIiBBB IN HARD'WARE EVSBSTT'S BLOCE, MARQUETTE, - MICHIGAN. r« d Superior, k and 4th. and 4th. th. th. Pocket and Table Ciitler7, Carpeoters, Blacksmiths and Ma- Shelf and Builders' Hardware, ehinist's Tools, Nails, Qlass and Bope, Quns, Bevolvers, Shovels, 7iclcs, Uattoclcs and Spades, Fowder and Shot, Hoes, Bakes and Forks, Fishing Tackle of all Descriptions, Scythes, Snathes and Stones, Wagon and Carriage Woodwork. Chilson's Brick and Portable Furnaces, Can give numerous references as to the superiority. HAND MTNII««. ^VMVS. Theae Pumps are extensively used througlioiit the u m-a, and where steam cannot be used are admirably adapted to tiie pi i.wi MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF T1M5 Copper and Sheet Iron Wm^r near 7tb. lingtuu. lear 3d. PLUMBING. GAS AND STEAM FITTING IN ALL ITS BRANCHKS. Chandeliers and Plumbing Material, Lead, G Pipe and Fittings. WOOD AND COAL HEATING AND COOKING C3::^ST0VES. if r)6 UEAItu's DIBEOIOHY OF MABQUETTK COUNTY JNTY. beabd's dibectoky of mabquettk county. r)7 OR i in TING . & Treas. Jackson, Ed. Arch, E. of Front. Jackson, Henry, blacksmith, 6th, near Bluff. Jackson. A. M. laborer, Superior, near Front. Jackson, W. laborer, Superior, near Front. Jackson, H. M. dry goods, corner Front and Main. Jagger, Joseph, gunsmith, 4th, near Mich. James, , car|>enter, Washington, near 6th. Jammel, Joe, saloon, 4th, near Mich. Jenkins, C. S. clerk, at Peudill «fe Beatty's. Jenkins, Charles, R. mill, res. Arch, near Front. Jenkins, Charles, book-keeper, corner High and Mich. Jewell, Thomas, foreman R. mill, res. south of mill. Lake St. Job, Stephen, brakeman, corner Bluff and 7th. Job, Elijah, brakeman, corner Bluff and 7th. Johnson, Andrew, laborer, Washington, near 3d. Johnson, Alex, laborer, Superior, near Front. Johnson, Andrew, laborer, corner 3d and Superior. Johnson, August, laborer, corner 3d and Superior. Johnson, Alex. laborer, boards Brown and De Rush. Johnson, Charles, laborer, corner Washington and 4th. Johnson, Casper, laborer, Washington and 3d. Johnson, C. bartender, Superior, near Front. Johnson, Charles, baker, Tibbets House. Johnson, Charles, laborer, corner 3d and Superior. Johnson, Chris, laborer, corner Washington and 3d. Johnson, D. laborer, bds. Brown & De Rush. Johnson, E. A. shoemaker, bds. T. P. Brimacombe. Johnson, Fred. M. hardware. Lake, near Northwestern. Johnson, John, carpenter, Washington, near 4th. Johnson, J. B. clerk, Genesee street. Jo nson, Henry, carpenter, 5th, near Superior. Johnson, O. C. moulder, Bluff, near 4th. Johnson, William, teamster, Bluff, near 7th. Johnson, Wm. clerk at Pendill & Beatty's. Johnson, Wm. iireman, Superior, near 6th. Jones, J. J. clerk, Ridge street. Jon^, Jacob, laborer, Superior, near Front. m .it^aiMA'i»i>»fiftrii'ir''i<»'>(j"''^i'V^^ Jj^^tJCJJMyrt'iiwA^t-" •t^ 1 ii l i * i ri i i»n)-«««i I rin i w .ii « rt. . i ii iral «ii W i ) l lY- .Wi W l t>i»i i »ii»Tfnii jjjiil i l^ , r)8 BEAKIJ'S DIBECTOHY OF MABQUEITE COUNTY. Jones, John L. carpenter, Michigan HoUse. Jones, James, carpenter, Washington, near 7th. Jone.s, Mrs. M. Ridge, near Pine. Jones, W. T. clerk. National Hotel. Jory, John, Arch, east of Front. Jory, , painter. Front, near Arch. Joslin, G. W. carpenter, Arch, near Front Juthill, J. printer. Journal office. K KAHLANGE, John, carpenter. Ridge, near 3d. Kaiser, Michael, shoemaker, boards Washington House. Kaufraanu, A. jeweler, with Leib. Kiinun, Michael, boiler maker, boards Superior, near 3d. Kciin, Thomas, printer, boards Superior. Keeley, James, laborer, boards Naticnal Hotel. Kecley, Joseph, laborer, boards 4th, near Fisher. Keegun, Williuni, laborer, boards 4th, near Bluff. Keh lance, Casper, porter. Ridge, near 3d. Keif, George W. book keeper, Washington, near 4th. Kelling, Chris, limeburner, Genesee, near Lake. Kellog, Charles, clerk, boards Coles' House. Kelly, William, painter, boards Superior, near Front. Kelly, Janiv. , laborer, 3d, near Fisher. Kempc, Herman, cutler, with Levy & Co., res. Arch, near Front. Kempe, John, assistant yard master, boards Bluff, near 5th. Kempe, William, clerk. Bluff, near Front. Kemmel, William, laborer, Washington, near 5th. Kenk, Frank, laborer, boards Michigan House. Kendy, J. laborer, boards Central House. Kennedy, John, mason, boards Central House. Kern, John, telegraph operator for W. L. Witmore. Kern, John, foreman Merchandise Pier, res. Main street. Kibbce, James S. clerk, boards 3d, near Ridge. Kidder, A. agent Pittsburg and Lake Angeline and Edwards mine, boards Coles' House. N ^ ^ -i *. .a r»-j ^ ) » i |? . fr . '«ii ^i i i r( t i i > .*»-*-^ :~^. ., ^ f u. . - , > i ^ ^i ^) i, m , 0t^ ln i ^j t ilSi'»n ii . JNTY. MS, beard's uibbctory of mabqobttb county. 61 ace, Kilroy, Michael, laborer, boards Bluff, near Gth. King, Michael, shuemaker, Bluff, near 3d. King, John, laborer, Lake, near rolling mill. Kindlaw, James, proprietor Michigan House. Kirlin, John, laborer, Michigan House. Klunian, Carl, clerk, Spring, near Front. Kiueg, Heury, laborer, Washington, near fnh. Knightly, Robert, laborer, corner 3d and Superior. Knox, Thouiaa, plasterer, corner Lake and Superior. Koch, August, saloon. Front street. Kreger, Peter, stonecutter, 3d, near Washington. Krerjausen, James, corner 4th and Washington. Krumer, J proprietor Marquette House. Kuhlman, August, grocer, comer Washington and 3d. Kuhlraan, Gustav, clerk, corner Washington and 3d. Kuhlman & HotOp, grocers, corner Washington and Third- rS, Mich. ress sk Sts. LABATT, Joseph, explorer, Bluff, near Lake. La Dross, Antony, teamster. Bluff, near 4th. Lake Superior Iron Co. S. P. Ely, Secretary and Treasurer. Lake Superior Building Company. Lake, H. N. clei-k at Pendell & Beatty's. Lake Superior Powder Company, C. H. Call, Secy. Lamore, Lewis, carpenter, Washington, west of 7th. Lamar, Ed. machinist, Washington, near 4th. Lamson, James, laborer, boards Michigan House. Lang, John R. R, boards Washington, near 3d. Landrie, Charles, brakeman, corner 4th and Washington. Larson, John, laborer. Travellers' Home. Larson, 8. F. boarding house, Superior, near Front. Larson, Jacob E. tailor, boards corner Spring and 3d. Larasha, Joe, saloon. Front, near Superior. Larashiel, S. laborer, Fisher, near 4th. Lamed, Thomas H. agent Collins mine. Coles' House. Larry, Patrick, laborer, 3d, near Lake. imm^l^' iriWttiiWilttI' ■ -&'.Mrt»-aBiai^'iM». i i^ ' i , i. T i Wu -| . M > n. ■liWli 111 62 beard's UIBKCTOIIY OF MABQUEIIE COUNTY. Lawler, John, brakeman, 4lh, near Wa«hingtou. Lawler, Patrick, brakemau, Kock, uear 6th, Lawton, ICd. lather, boards Michigan House. La Plant, i'eter, flagman, Bluff, near 5th. Ijapland, John, carjwnter, Washington, west of 7th, Laxsen, V. laborer, Superior, near Front. Leary, Thomas, laborer, Superior, near 3d. IjcFav jur, H corner Fourth and Washington. LeFdvour, Lucien, brakeman, corner 4th and Washington. Lehnen, Frederick, tinner, 4th, near R. R. Lenhald, Peter, furnaceman, WashingtciU, near 3d. lA'8i)erine, J. brakeman, corner 4th and Washington. Letorinfe-, Oscar, laborer, Superior, near Front. Levy, I. M. & Co. merchant tailors and clothiers, Nationa' Bank Building and Cole's Block. Levy, S. M. res. Ridge, near Front. Levelet, C. laborer, Hampton, near rolling mill. Lewis, J. C. surveyor, Ridge, near 4th. Lewis, J. G. explorer, Washington, near 5th. Lewis, N. B. explorer, Washington, near 5th. Liberty, Godfrey, teamster, Washington, bet. Front and 3d. Libby, William D. carpenter, Washington, west of 7th. Lieb & Ritchie, saloon. Front street. Lissort, F. laborer, Ridge, near 4th. Lightfu«8, Charles, boards Vibbitt's House. Litchfield, Geo. T. brakeman, boards Franklin House. Lobdell, A. J. teamster, Washington, near 3d. Lobdell, S. B. carpenter, between Bluff and 3d. Lodge, George, laborer, boards Franklin House, Long, Hiram, tinner, Rock, near 3d. London, Charles, laborer, Superior, near Front. Longtime, Oliver, boarding house, Superior, near Front. Longtime, Ezra, laborer. Lake, near Furnace. Loork, Peter, laborer, boards at Brown & DeRush's. Lowe, William F shoemaker, Fisher, near 3d. Ludlam, J. L., M. H. & O. Land Office, boards N. W. Hotel. Luke, James, miner. Ridge, near water works. ■^j. ^l^asH^/.^ ^ f^H^w fcWfl ffirtW )f as. - . OEAHD'h WIlECTOBY OF MABgUKlTE (BOUNTY. f)3 EXCELSTOn imm pilfer FREEMAN & BRO., Prop's. CarriapsJlPsiSaiflle Horses TO LET AT REASONABLE RATES. FISHING PAMTIBS^O Supplied with Conveyances and Guides to the best Fish- ing Grounds. IVearly OppoNtte the First IVatlonal Bank, Marquette, Mich. fliSr Tourists visiting Marquette are \iuviteii to (•(ill anrl cxdrnine our stock, find cdti rest assured that their wants can be fully complied with at all hours. w inf i t mt i it i 111! n iri ' i ! '" ■■ i ''i«"" rnw iiMT-ii', fU HKAKD'h ItlUKcrroUY ok llAIiyUElTK COUNTY. HENRY L GAY ft CO. ^>/' iifjoi'f firm, lof'itted in -.-^CITY OF MARQUETTE. HENRY L. GAY, 90 Lasalle Street^ CHICAGO, III. 4 mi Ij^niMxnAUm -PRKPAREU FOR- Public Buildings, Churches, School Houses, Hotels, and Private Residences. OFFIC£, WATSON BLOCK, MARQUETTE, MICHIGAN ■•|^^i.»n>iii;i.ffl^)W>jV'<,-nri»i^tga^^ - NTY. REARDR DIRECTORY OF MARQURTTE COUNTY. 65 TE. lIlMI^ ses, Hotels, liiiixltrom, (/harlea, proprietor 0(K»(Ioiiough Homo. Liitzio, H. O. prinUir, Uiiigc, near 4th. Lynn, Col. B. F. II. mining editor Mining Journal, bdti. Huinmit I lout e. Lyon, Faruhuni, proprietor North Western. LyoHK, H. I), car builder, Bridge, near Blaker. • M MACY, Joseph, laborer, Washington, near 7th. Macy, Tim. carpenter, Washington, near 7th. Macy, Jame.-*, brakcinaii. corner 4th and Bluff. ALickey, James, brakeman, corner 7th and Superior. MachtS, A. grocer, old P. O. block, res. corner Front and Fisher. Mfii^k, John, laborer, corner 4th and Fisher. Mack, John, contractor, corner Washington and Front. Maciway, Walter, brakeman, Washington, near 4th. Mdhan, W. A. engineer, Washington, near 6th. Maher, Iludias, lai)orer, Bluff, near 7th. Mahoii, William, furniture, Spruce. Mahon & Wyckoff. furniture. Masonic building. Mahony, John, laborer, corner Front and Spring. Main, Eph. laborer, Lake, near Bluff. Main, Madi.son, fireman, Luke, near Bluff. Maitlaud, Fred, book-keeper Mining Journal, bds. Summit Houae^ Malburg, William, teamster, Washington House. Mailman, A. J. clerk, Front street. Mallory, James, blacksmith, Superior, near 5th. Mallory, Pat. machinist, Superior, near 5th. Mancher, Louis, laborer, corner 3d and Washington. Mander, Andrew, butcher, corner 3d and Washington. Manhard, M. R. clerk, corner Front and Arch. Mapes, , attorney, Arch. Marey, Pat. laborer, Superior, near Front. Marine Boiler Works, D. H. Merritt, J. C. Morse & James Picands, Lake Street. i #B ii a'i«'ig » 'S l '' ' v .i ' ii f i 'ir. i Mii,ffii) i 'Vr^ ^y fc; „, tfj ( i y.i i i iiii- i Hi.a i 'iT . ■wmv-y ' i')1!«T|#Sk»»-». . <\H UEABD's DUIECTOKY OF MAUyUETTE COUNTY. Marian, P. corner Fourth and Blutf. Marks, Aug. brewer, corner 3d and Spring. Marquette, Houghton & Ontonagon R. R.. D. H. Merritt, Bup't. Marquette, Houghton & Ontonagon R. R. Telegraph Line, D. H. Merritt, Superintendent. Marquette & Pai;ific Rolling Mill, Lake st. Marquette IVOn Co. I- C. Mor.-e, General Agent. Maiqueite Brown Stone Co. Sidney Adams, Managing Director. Marquette Coal Co- James Picands, Agent. Miiran, Ed. brakeman, corner 4th and Washington, "lartin, W. R. printer, National House Martin, Robert, clerk. Arch, near Spruce. Martin, Henry, First National Bank, Ridge, near Cedar. Marx, Aug. grocer, Fisher, near Front. Masters, Alex, brakeman, corner 4th and Washington. Mason, James, blacksmith, boards at Brown & DeRust's. Mathews, Thomas, brakeman, Washington, near 6th. Mailiews, Abe, explorer, 4th, near Ridge. Maxon, Natluvn, carpenter, Washington, near 7th. May, William, upholsterer, Washington, ner r 7th. Maynard, JUL. H. Manager Gas I^iglit Co. and Marquette Brown .S'ont" Co., Sec'y Huron Bay Slate and Iron Co. Office, over StHH'i>rd'8, res. Ridge. McAndrew, B. laborer, bds. Michigan House. McAndrew, Thomas, clerk, boards Bluff, near 3d. McAllum, John T. clerk. Arch street. McAllister, George, book-keeper, Spruce street. McArren, Tim, laboi-er, Superior, near Front. McBride, , saloon. Lake, near rolling mill. McConnell, D. A. clerk, Spruce street McConnell, Waither, farmer, corner Front and BluiT. McCarty, , carpenter, Washington, west of 7ta. McCarty, William, laborer, Hampton, near rolling mill. McCarty, John, laborer, Superior, near Front. McCarthy, John, printer, Journal office. McChesney, John, carpenter, corner Front and High. ■\ fi ii ii^ fH ^i 'ift lihi^ S ^nhi ' p? I ^ W$ i MWSfiyt;#Mi#^f i gi'i» ' i . \r^^ ^ ^^^^^ ■,iiT»yifira.Wai)M)^.,T M 68 BEAKD'h DIKEClOliV OF MAUQUETTE t:OUNTY. WETMORE «c BRO DEAIiEBB IN- Staple and Fancy PRY OrOODS. GEOCERIES, PROVISIONS, WmJp imlM.^ Adams Blocks iij^mnOTfi, I., i., Goods Shipped on Order to any part of the County. , .^.^ ^>«^,^..— .j^, • ■ - .1 - -,t:, ■ s_.g?it-{«tO^' ^ '^t S K * ' ■ ^^^ ^|^^r^^ ■ ^ ^ * ^ ^enter, Bluff, near 4th. McKenzie, Heniy, hemlock bark extractor, Ridge street. McKinnon, Donald, laborer, 6th, near Wash. McKinnon, John, mill hand, 6th, near Wash. McKinnon, Neil, carpenter, 6th, near Wash. McKinnon, Alex carpenter, 6th, near Wash. McKinnon, Archibald, clerk, Gth, near Wa.sh. McKinley, Robert, exilorer, 4th near Ridge. McKov, Alex, laborer, .\ationai .House. McLui hlin, Henry, laborer, Fisher, near 5th. McLau^ Hn, T. laborer, corner Front and Spring. McLain, ma.son, corner Washington and 4th. McLain, i nry, weigher's office, Washington, west of 7th. McLain, Daniel, machinist, Washington, west of 7th. McMercer, James, boiler maker. McMaher, lime burner. Rock, near 4th. McNamara, T. ooarding house. Spring, near Front. McNamara, John J. carpenter, Michigan, near High. McNab, C. engineer, corner Washington and 6th. II fui.t / ihi y * n t t«»kii»uv.*(» ■>l1>'?r;- rgayS'Sil^isi.^^lijayaewiw-^.'^i.'as-- illS8S l ?yS>< ( Li>'' i ""i' i|> l • i | i nM| * "" ill'W t i 'T^ 70 BEABD'h UIRECTOUY of MABQUEITE COUNTY. m McNulty, John, grocer, corner Front and Mich. McNulty, James, laborer, corner Front and Mich. McNulty, Mathew, laborer, Arch street. McPherson, Peter, laborer, Superior, near 4th. McPherson, Alexander, laborer, boards with J. W. Watson. McQuay, William, clerk, 3d, near Bluff. McRae, James, Bluff, near 6th. McRae, James, Jr. blacksmith. Bluff, near 6th. McRae, W. B. clerk. McVean, John, yardniaster, corner 3d and Wash. Meads, T. variety store. Front, near Superior, boards Cole's House. Meer, Mi laborer, corner Washini^ton and 6th. Megan, C. laborer, Bluff, near 5tU. Mehan, John, laborer. Arch. Melody, James, blacksmith, Superior, near 3d. Miller, N. brakeman, corner 4th and Washington. Merrett, William, laborer, Travellers' Home. Merrett, Alf. brakeman, corner 5th and Washington. Merrett, Frank, cierk at Pendill & Beatty's. Merrett, D. H. Superintendent M. H & O. R. R., res. corner Front and Ridge. Messe-, Joseph, Washington, near 7tb. Messer, Isaac, brakeman, Washington, near 7th. Meyer, Herman, tailor, Fisher, near Front. Michalowsky, Louis, dry goods, Superior, near Front. Michigan House, J. Kindlaw, proprietor. Miciile, Mitchel, carpenter, Washington, bet. 4th and 5tb. Miller, Robert, laborer, corner Washington and Fourth. Miller, Pat. plasterer, Clentral House. Miller, Fred, laborer, corner 3d and Washington. Mills, Henry, fiaheiman, Ridge, near water works. Miner, D. laborer, Hampton near 3d. MINING JOURNAL CO. Moffat, Cliem, laborer, Superior near 6th. Molleu, William, laborer. National House. MoUen, Michael, laborer. National House. V< ;nty. IlEAKDH DIBEOTOBY OF MARQUETTE OOUNTY. 71 SFECIUENS, CURIOSITIES, Watson. $'l#lil«i^ f ^elfle -ANI)- boarda Cole's on. R., res. corner >nt. md 5tb. 'ourth. ^v GENERAL MEROHAnOISE -AT- MEAD'S 'Ws mm MUSEUM AND VARIETY s "ir o m j^ . ,,i^,:imif lt:;ffyy?^"f*^'^" '■^■^''^ ■''^^^^'■''-'■■'^'lii^Pif'''^ f«,.;.w:..«j. 72 HKAltn'H DIHECTOBY OK MABQUETTE COCNTY foo A House Furnishing Goods, OFFICE FURNITURE A SPECIALTY. Masonic Building, Front Street, MARQUETTE, MICHIGAN. ■ ■■-•--' 'rPr"''^-t"'1gtf'^:"'^-~."' '''-,''^;'~^i^^^.'T^'*^^^ f^'-:. '"^ ^''i ? ^j ' i" ' . !^ . y* * ■^^- : DNTY. HKAUU'S DIRECTOUY OF MAUyUETrE COUNTY. 73 l. WYOKOPF. 9i >. ALTY. IGAN. MINING JOURNAL, a firet-class 12-8heet paper, of large circulation. Subscription, $3.00 per year. A very superior iMlvertising medium. Main street. Modie, W. J. clerk, Washington, near Front. Mooie, T. H. barber, waiter Cole's House. Moore, Terancc, P. M. res. Superior, near Cathedral. Moore, Frank, carpenter, 6th, near Bluff. Moore, Frank, county clerk, 4th, near Bluff. Monui, M. laborer, Superior, near Front. Moran, John, moulder, corner 7th and Ridge. Moran, Mike, laborer, Superior, near Front Moran, E.l. laWtrer, Superior, near Front. Morgan, Philip, sup't water works, res. Hampton, near 3d. Mor<^an, John, puddler, Hampton, near School. Morgan, Thomas, carpenter, Superior, near 3d. Morgan Iron Co. S. P. Ely, Sec'y and Treasurer. Moriarty, Thomas, plumber, corner Fisher and 4th. Moriarty, Jivhn, painter, corner Fisher and 4th. Morri.son, Charles, shoemaker, corner 3d and Superior. iMorse, Mrs. M. E., Ridge, east of Front. Morse, J. C, agent McCumber Iron Co., Bluff, near Front. Mosher, Alex, laborer, Washington, bet. 3d and 4th. Mosher, James E. teamster, 3d, near Arch. Moussarr, Frank, carpenter, Superior, near 3d. Mowers, William, carpenter, corner Washington and 5lh. Moyer, Joseph, laborer, Superior, near 3d. Muland, Tl^omas, carpenter, corner 5th and Washington. Mulligan, Alvin, brakeman, Ridge, near 7th. Mulligan, Henry, carpenter. Ridge, near 7th. Munday, Sam. teamster, corner 4th and Bluff. Munroe, Benjamin, teamster, Fisher, near Front. Munroe, C. clerk at Pendill «fe Beatty's. Murdock, Henry, boiler maker, Lake, near Bluff. Murphy, Dan. clerk, boards at Summit House. Murphy, John, laborer. Ridge, near 3d. Murray, David, grocer. Ridge near Blaker. fflSi>*tJWyigf)'J>»c?i! | lpipP^|iJ3git.iifS^.^Sir>ss^^ iW t fe " 74 beaiid'h DiREfrrouy of mauqukite county. Murray & Robbins, grocers, Wat«on block. Murray. Cyrille, laborer, 4th, near Bluff. Muriha, Put boarding house, Superior, near Front. N j^TAEHR, F. P. proprietor Summit House. ■i-^ Nail, Sanford, fisherman, Bluff, near 4th. Neals, L. M blacksmith, bds. Brown A DeRush. Negengast, Fred, mason. Bluff, near Sth. Neidham, L. B. Lake, near Bluff. Neidhart, B. hardware, -?ront, near Superior, res. Washing- ton, near 4th, Nelson, James, Arch, east of Front. Nelson, Gust, miner, corner 6th and Bluff. Nelson, Peter, laborer, Washington, n a^M i4 'n' i ii n i r ! ''gM»i'| i i i i| i, M ) |i. 7G BEAUD'h DIUECrORY OF MAKQl'ErrE COUNTY. JOHN W. AMFHLBTT. J. B. QUILBAULT JOHN W. AMPHLETT &. CO., ^WHOLKSaLK DKAl-KRS IN. fiOCR'I.Vtih.iM AJ^'i) OHIO STOl^E £ 6- z; j1 ss a .yd s •/ ojvB "^t AND HAMW« YASES, 553 JEFF'ER.SOIV A\ I^IVUK, Betroit, Ificli, OUNTY. BEAHliH DIKEOTOBY OP MABQUErrK i OUNTY. 77 ]. QUILBAULT CO., 'O O'Ony, Put. laborer, TrBvellere' Hume. ()glenby, (ieorge A. gas htter, Spruce. * )'Hurtt, John, laborer, Travellers' Home. ( )KeeHi', George, Justice of the Peace, Watson block, re«. corner 4th and Huperior. O'Kief, M. laborer, Travellers' Home. O'Kief, Pat. proprietor Tavcllers' iloiue. Olcotl, H. Su|)erintendeut Co. Schools, res. coiner Front and Bind: Olds, Mortimer, res. water works.* O'Jveary, John, labor r, Washington, near 7th. Olesou, John, laborer, Superior, near Front. Oleson, Ole, laborer, corner BlufT and 3d, O'Mara, Pierce, laborer. Rock, near 5th. ( )'Mara, M. laborer, TravellerH' Home. O'Niel, O. laborer, Hampton, near rolling mill. O'Neil, Hugh, deputy collector. Burst Bros.' building. O'Neil, Pat. laborer, Franklin House. N'Iseil, Mich, laborer, Superior, near 3d. O'Neil, Jerry, Franklin House. O'Neil, William, blacksmith, corner Ith and Washington. O'Neil, John, laborer. Bluff, near 5th. C'Neil, Mathew, blacksmith, corner Washington and 7th. Orschel, Herman, clerk, Ridge, near Front. Osborn, C. Y, manager Mining Journal, boards Cole's House. Osborne, Albert, telegraph operator, Washington, near 3d. Ondotte, John, boatkeeper, Lake, near Blurt". 0\MtiH, George, proprietor Central House. Oxiian, W. B. cabinet maker, Washington, near 6th. Oxville, picture framer, Washington, near 6th. PAISLEY, , foreman R. R., Washington, bet. 3d and 4th. Palmer, J. Dwight, Northern Iron Company, Arch. Palmer, E. B. civil engineer, Ridge, near 3d. Palmer, Leander, Arch, east of Front. '■|f9 78 nKAUn'H DIUKCIOBV OF MARQl'KTIK COUNTY. Parker, JaiiieH, fiHherniuii, Lake, near Superior. ParkH & Ilayden, attomcyH, over Staffbrd'ii. ParkH, W. H. attorney, Aroh Htreet. Paro, Angoiiiie, laundretM, Michigan, ea«l of Front. Parry, John, brakenian, 4th, near Bluff. Patneau, Tim. laborer, 4th, near Uock. Patternon, J. H. clerk, Cedar. Pattenion, W. foundry, Arch. Patterson, William, explorer, Keystone Houne. Patterson, C i«hoemaker, boardH at T. P Briinacouibe's. Payette, H. laborer, corner 4th and BluB". Pearnon, A. laborer, Superior, near Front. Prick, , clerk, boards Tremont House. Pecket, (J. NV. carpenter, Keystone House. Pelliser, Ame de, brakeman, corner 4th and BluH". Pendergart, , painter, r)th, near Bluff. Fendill & Beatty, general st re, Superior, near Front. Pengelly, William, laborer, Bluff, near 6th, Peninsular House, Charles Khet, proprietor. Peterson, Nelson, boarding house, Fisher, near 3d. Peterson, M. laborer, corner 3d aad Superior. Peterson, W. carpenter, Keystone House. Phelan, John, Bluff, near 4th. Philip, J. W. laborer, Franklin House. PicandS, JaS. & Co. heavy hardware, corner Superior aud Lake. Picands, James, hardware, res. corner Bluff aud Front Picands, J. D., Arch, east of Front. Pierce, George, moulder, Lake, near Bluff. * Pine, William, explorer, 3d, near Washington. Pine, John, brakeman. 3d, near Washington. Place, Hiram, brakeman, Bluff, near 6th. Place, William, laborer, Superior, near Front. Plumb, Charles, laborer, Franklin House. Pomeroy, Charles, fireman, corner 5th and Washington, Potter, Henry, tailor, Washington, near 3d. Porter, John, grocer, Washington, near 7th. ,,i',jpj : '; ' .t.',ii|y t :'is:gjjWjtt;i i jiW'Vi'^ ^ ^ ukaud'h uiitKcrrouv ok XAugiKrrK colnty. 71I lY. :)e ». Front. ton. SIIDO.OIMJ.OOO. f£T£B WttlTE, /^'O /.' A Z /. 7///[' UK/, /A /i A/T FIRiE, lAMKiE AKIO LIFE j;v /'///!; i'VOULix Tlie Liverpool, Ijondon anti Giube limuiuiice dmiDHnieH. A-^els . -.- 818,r)0(),(K)(» The Detroit Fire luul Marine ln8nran<'c ('onipanv, of Detroit, Mich. Assets - 827(),()(M) The Tiiiveler's Ijil'e tiiid Accident Insurance Company of Hart- ford, (.y'onn. Assets - «l,r)0(),0()0 The Pha-nix Insurance Company, of Hartford, Conn. Assets - $1,800,000 The Home Insurance Company of New York. Assets 8r),(M)0,000 The North British and Mercantile Inusuriince Conif>any. Capital (m jrold) «10,000",000 The Underwriter's Agency of New York. Assets --.$4,000,000 The /Etna Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn. AsHets $6,000,000 The Insurance Company of North America, of Philadelphia. Assets .--' -$8,000,000 The Hartford Fire Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn. Assets , - $2,600,000 fhe Connecticut Mutual Life Ins. Company of Hartford, Conn Assets -. -. - .--_"-._ $80,000,000 The Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. Assets -.- $40,000,000 The Universal Life Insurance C-»mpany of New York. Assets - -. $800,000 »*«=-'- -...-SfeloL-ifcl'S'-H-V -.I't^-iS-^y: .V'-V-rt' -i-T--'-.- ■m- 4i;»f-.u- ■. ^s>i-<*'-"'^- *■•"'- '■'«*«''.-.«*■■ ^. .^ !^■ V .■.^il l l». '^ . w , ^ ^ l l'i^i^^^^^l.■^ ^^^ . fa.■. .^ f *i - J^'.^,S-^''-.\:^ii:.^-^':'li:^i^s£^ So UI-.AHD's UIHECTOBY of MABQUEITE COUNTY. INCOBIOEATED TODEE THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF MICHKJAN. Authorized CaBital, $500,000. Capital m in, $200,000. ti ^^ V HmMMnM%W^^^ '^^> MARQUETTE, MICH. TRANSACT A OKNERAL Banking and Exchange Business. -OFFU'KRS- AMBROSE CAMPBELL, Pre«'t. J. M- WILKINSON, CashT. EDWARD BRKITUNG, Vice PreH't. FRED. M. STEELE, A«('t " PARTICULAR AHENTION GIVEN TO COLLECTIONS, Aud proceetls promptly remitted at the current rates of exchange, on day of payment. }re sett "Passage Tickets to and from the Old Country by the fikivorite Lines. -ALSO- Brafb m AM Farts of tlhe WorW, A T I'HB LO WMST "RA TES. J>i ^ <^ tfj«aj tB ' r-J- ^te flfcv^^*^.^ ' ttta *'**^« UNTY. OF UICHI&AN. in, $200,000. BBABd's DIBEOTOBY of MARQUETTE COUNTY. 81 usiness. KINHON, Cash'r. STEELE, Asi't " lUECTIONS, ites of exchange, Old Ctuntry Porter, John, fruits, etc., Front, near Arch. }Vst, John, 4th, near Bluff. Powell, Edmund, Arch, near Cedar. Powell, Edmund, jr. laborer, Cedar, near Arch. Pratt, James, laborer, boards at Brown & DeRush's. Prentis, Allen, carpenter, Rock, near 3d. Preston & Moore, barbers, corner Front and Superior. PrestODt E. A. millinery, Fr'-'it. near Washington. Pretiton, G., barber, National Ht^cel. Price, Joseph, carpenter, 7th, near Rock. FriniBaU, J. H. city recorder, res. Superior, bet. 3d and 4th. Priraeau, Antoine, Bluff, near Front. Frimeau, Peter, clerk. Bluff, near Front. Probert, John, brakeman, Michigan House. Prouls, A. clerk, Superior, near 4th. Proulx, Albert, clerk, Superior, near Court House. Pryor, Pat. boiler maker. Lake, near Bluff. Pynn, Arnold, switchman, Washington, near 7th, Pynn, George, switchman, Washington, near 7th. Q QUARTER, John, Rock, near 3d. Quinn, Henry, shoemaker, Superior, near 3d. (^uinn, Pat. laborer, Superior, near Front. Quinn, Ed., Genesee, near 3d. Quinn, I., Genesee, near 3d, R RAGUSETT, Henry, laborer, cor. Fourth and Washington. Rahn, Andrew, laborer, Superior, near Front. Rahn, Peter, laborer, Superior, near Front. Rahn, Carl, proprietor Peninsular House. Ralph, , saloon, Lake, near rolling mill. Raron, John, laborer, coroer Spring and Front. Rayl, J. painter, corner 7tb and Washington. Reed, Geo. W. livery, Superior, near Front. "*«»Mj«Mlt^^-i*»aif.t;^J.>4 ,^iS>-Jf..,i^^ m^ f^ 1« i.,,uisa-u,jsm«i^^- 82 HEAUD's DIKECTORY of MAaQDETTE COUNTY. Ueediiiger, Julin, stock dealer, comer Front and Superior. Reediiiger, L., meat market, curner Front and Superior. lieoc, O. M. engineer, corner Gtii and Wasliington. Regan, John, laborer, Michigan House. Reid, F T. b<)ards with E. B Palni. Re.se, Alexander, ship carpenter, Superior, near 5th. Reynolds, Michae!, laborer, Superior, near Front. Rheinhardt, Fred, laborer. Ri^ck, near Froiit. Rhodes, Henry C foreuiau R. R. dock, boai'd.'j Tremont House. Rice, W. 8. carpenter. Keystone Hoitso. Rice, Rev Father, res. rear Cathedral. Richards, E<1. engiiK-^r, Michigan, near Cedar. Richards, Jerry, shoemaker, oppIJSE. Rollin, R. P. laborer, corner 3d and Superior. Konau, Thoina.s, laborer, Hampton, near rolling mill. Rouey, James, helper, corner Superior and 5th. Root, Mrs. E. A. widow, Blutf, near 5th. Rothschild, David, wines, etc., Ridge, near Front. Rose, James, stonecutter, Superior, near 3d. Rose, Samuel, stonecutter, Superior, near 3d. Rouse, Waiter, laborer. Spring, near Front. Row, John, tailor, Blufi" near 4th. Rowe, E. carpsjnter, Hampton, near School. Ruddle, , plasterer, 3d, near Bluff. Kuuquest, Otto, laborer, corner Superior and 3d. Ri^h, M. puddler. Lake, near roiling mill, Riislii.'igton, S. laborer, Ith, near Rock. Kiitlierf'ord, — — , porter at North Western Hotel. irists. EO? S SADLER, Anton, plasterer, 3d, near Bluff. Sageur, Morriy, weigher, Su|)erior, near 5th. Salter. Ed. laborer, Washington, near 7th. Sung, David, sieamboat owner, Superior, near 4th. Sang, James, carpenter, Superior, near 4th. Saunders, Charles, laborer, boards at Brown & DeRu-th's. Scher, Joseph, laborer, corner 4th and Bluif. Schloon, Mathew, laborer, Washington, uear 3d. Schott, Fred, clothing, res. cor. 3d and Bluff Schott, N. corner 3d and Bluff Schott & Co., clothiers. National Bank building. Schott, John, carpenter, 6th, near Bluff. Schrosky, E laborer. National Hotel. Schuin, J. M. foreman, corner Washington and 3d. Schultz, Peter, brakeman, corner 4th and Michigan. Schultz, William, laborer, Washington, near 3d. Sehnandt, John, moulder, Ridge, near 7th. Schvenfikfa, Henry, carpenter, Washington, between 4th and 5th. Schwartz, John, laborer, Rock, near 3d. •td^f^uMtitiliiia^^Ji^-^-^^-- ''- 86 BEAKD'h UIBEOrOKY OF MARQUEITE COtTNTY. Schwurtzby, John, laborer, corner 3d and Genesee. ScOVille & Johnson, hardware and gasfitting, Everett block. Hcoville, David 8. hardware, Front, near Bluff. Seach, Wni. carpenter, Superior, near 3d. Seach, John, plumber, Superior, near 3d. Seager, James, general land pgent, Adams' block, res. Bluff, near Front. Seageru, Charles, moulder, Michigan House. Selander, John, laborer, Suj)erior, near Front. SMliMiiil'^'riiir i'''^!p''*^r V' ■ ■.>"';-;%:-^A'»^«a..- s^:ii»-..'..a..,. — lafti ii iiftfSif i i '' '''M»iitti « ii'ffi i iiiii ii 1 !)t) HK.VKDS DlUEcrrollY OF MAUyUKlTE COUNTY. Steywiller, L. jeweler, Front, near Cole's House, boards Cole's Iloiwe. Sleinbaeh, Peter, clerk ut Pendill A Beatty's. Stewart, T. J. ( arpentor, Superior, near .3d. Stevens, Williiiin, clerk with Pi'iniill & Realty. Stevens, John, puddler. Hampton, near School. St. Luiiit*, E. laborer, Ridge, near 4th. Stone, Win. E. clerk, boards Cole'n Huu.se. Stonland. , mason, Superior, near Front. Stowe, L. J. book-keeper, boariLs Suniinit House. Strange, J. res. Bluff, near 5th. Stratton, Clark, sup't Carp, furnace, res. corner Washington and Front. Strong, S. A. l.'iborer, Bluff, near 5th. Stuck, C. T. architect, Watson bhick, 0th, near Western. Styles, John, plasterer. Central House. Slyli's, Jarne.s M. explorer, WHshington, near 5th. vSuilivun, John I', laborer, Fishe:-, near 4tti. Sullivan, I'ul. lal>()rer, Superior, near ;kl. Sullivan, Hugh, laborer, Superior, near 3d Sullivan, Levi, laborer, Sujierior, near Front. Sullivan, Con. laborer, Franklin House. Sullivan, Daniel, laborer. High street. Sullivan, James, laborer, Washington, near 7th. Sullivan, Thomas, carpenter. Ridge, near 7th. Sullivan, Pat. laborer. Ridge near 7th. Sullivan, .John, telegraph operator, Bluff, near 6th. Sullivan, John, laborer, corner 3d and Hampton. Sujierior House, M. Johnson, proprietor. Surrey, George, laborer, Washington, between 5th and 6tj). Sutherland, William, laborer, corner High and Michigan. Sutton, David, carpenter, Washington, between 5th and 6th. Swansiin, G. laborer, corner 8d and Superior. Swinneford, A. P, ed. Mining Journal, bds North Western. Swift, Eugene A., carpenter, Superior, near 5th. Sweeney, James, pressman, Washington street. Sweitzer, L. boarding house, corner Front and Spring. JUNTY. e, boards Cole's BRA:U).S DIUIXTOnY ok MAHQI'KTTK CoI'VTY. 91 CHAMPION e. Washington and h, near Western. th. 6th. II. 5th and Gtll. Michigan. I 5th and 6th. 8 Nortli Western ■spring. DEALERS IN IRON ORES, FROM THEIR Champioin. Mine, A T CHAMPION. MARQUl TTE 00. . CHN I'AININa DKCOSIT.S OK BOTH :viAGNETIO I 8FJECULAK (DIES, or GREAT PTJRIT7, And Proprieiors of other Iron Locations in that vicinity, '/Jostb», Mass, Marquette, Mich. mmmm^ammsimmmms tLM wmgfrm IMAGE EVALUATION TEJT TARGET (MT-3) /. O #. > <• % '3>'^'> ^^••l**(JI«~W Sciences Corooration 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. HSdO (716) 872-4503 iii , i il iil i i |. i ii ji i ii .i i.ii iiiiii i |;i ,n. i jnjlii. il . , 1 iii| rM ^^1 \/^y i CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques )UNTY. UEAIID's mURCTOKY OF MAKQUETTK COUNTY. i)3 laf^ \^ :)hio. , Cleveland, 0. Mich. T TACH, Frank, marhinist, VVashinf»ton, near Ttii. Tuft, H. iS. phyfiician, over Stattiml's, r. Wash, near Front. Tait, H. F. pliysician, Spi iig, near F"ri)nt. 'i^iU'cr, (iiilt^.n, lilacksniitli, \Va.sliinj,'t(in. near 4lb. TiiyKir, J. F. eli-rk, ;iil near Washington. 'I'liylor, A. B. houk-kecper, Lake, near Superior, Taylor, .John, carpenter, Superior, near -id. Taylor, H. C. corner Washington and 3d. Teuney, Will, machini.st, .'M, near Blnfl". rilson, Janief, carpenter, .Spring, near Front, riieiender, Oscar, laborer, corner .'5d and Superior. riiiell, Alex. C. yardmaster M. O. & H. R. R. 4th, near Ridge. Tlionia.s, Henry, laborer, Michigan House. Tlionip.son, H. 8. P.-of. music, S|)ruce, near Arcl>. Tlioin[)8on, . Carpenter, 5th, near Bluff. Tliomp.«on, Geo. carpenter. Spring, near Front. Tiiliin, John, clerk, Superior, near 4th. Tiiliy, Wni. upholsterer, Washington, near 7th. Todd, Robt. R carpenter, 3d, near Bluff. Toner, Thomas, engineer, 4th, near R. R. Tony, John, mason, 3d, near Bluff. Tony, Mike, mason, Superior, near 4th. Torrence, Samuel, laborer. Lake, near rolling mill. Tiidi, L laborer, Hamj)ton, near rolling mill. rurbcr, Frank, laborer, Washington, near 3d. Travense, Thos, laborer, Bluff, near 3d. Travense, Rich. R. R office. Bluff, near 3d. Travense, Mat. blacksmith, Bluff, near 3d. Tremont House, H. H. Hunt, prop. Superior. Truthevy, J. K. painter, Ridge, near -Jth. Tretlievy, Geo. moulder, Ridge, near 4th. Trethevy, John, carpenter, Ridge, near 4th. Trim, Chas. blacksmith, Washington,, near 7th. Tionibly, , laborer, cornc- 4th and Blisfl'. Tiiukey, Felix, Rock, near 4th. T"^ 94 beahdV dihectoby of mabquettr county. Trudean, Ami. brakeman, uoriier 4tli and Bluff. Treloar, Thos. polioeman, Superior, near 4th. Treloar, Wm. boiler uiuker, Superior, near 4th. u ULUICH, Chas. hiUoror, Bluff, uear oth. Upstrum, Alfreii, laborer, Bluff, near .')th. Uren, Phillip, biat■k^4mith, 3(J, near Bluff. V VALE, John, laborer, Fisher, near 4th. Van Iderstine, John J. niaebinist, Mich. St. Vim Iderstine, Clias. carpenter, Ridge, near 4th. Van Iderstine, J. P. ear|)euter, 5th, near Bluff. Van Ness, ,Jas. Ridge, near 4th. Varinaun, A. laborer, corner .3<1 and Superior. V^eneau, T. brakeman, corner 4th and Wash. Verron, F. D. car|)enter, corner Fisher and Front. Vierling, Martin, Cleveland House. Vose, Robert, laborer, Bluff, near 5th. w WAGNER, Herman, laborer, Frout, near Spring. Wagner, Geo. builder, Front, near Washington. '' Walker, Chnrles, carpenter, 4th, near Front. Walker, Francis, carpenter, Sujjerior, near 3d. Walker, Richard, plm.terer, Su perior, near Front. Waltz, Samuel, mason, Bluff, near 6th. Wallace, Morris, laborer, corner 3(1 and Superior. Ward & Webb, musical merchandise, Washington, opp. Coles House. Ward. Connell, Summit House. Ward, JnO. E. real estate and mining lands, bds. N. West'n. Warner, Peter, boarding house, Front street. Warner, Chas. painter, Bluff, near 5th. * ", u4^-^ i I BKAIID'8 UIKEtTOUY OF MAltgUETl'E c:oUNTV. Uf) GhMYWil^MB r)Ej^rjE:E?.s iisr fciiat p)i0i mti^ <*>- ^ WBOM THEIR MINEH AT 1SHPEMINQ» MJCIIIGAJV. President and TreuHurer, SAM. L, MATHER, Cleveland, O. Vice President, JOHN OUTHVVAITE, Cleveland, Ohio. Secretary, FRED A. MOORE, Cleveland, Ohio. General Agent, JAY C. MORSE, Marquette, Michigan." Ml KK.AiiD's i)ii:i;(T(iuy (H' MAiuM'i'rrJ" coi'nty. WASlJl'MlTifOI \ ^^^.^j^# til SiWiWi.! Tliis Company miii, ami soil tlieir well-known, excellent [agnetiic and Specular FROM TUKIK MINKS IN TOW.USEIP 47 NOSTH, SANSE 27 WEST, NEAE HUMBOLT, MAEQUETTE COUNTY. President, . SEPH S. FAY, Boston, Mas.' Vice President, EDWARD BREITUNG, Negaunee, Mioli. Secretary and Treas., SAMUEL P. ELY, Marquette, Mich. H m^MM^^& i ^^'^i''MM JUNTY. UKAUU'h JiIRECTOBY of MARQUETTE COUNTY. 97 , HUMBOLT, .uiiee, Mich, quette, Mich. Wiirg, Peter, helper, Bluff, near Lake. Washington Iron Co., s. P. Ely, pres't. Washington House, Trai Trudrek, prop. Washer, Cha.s. clerk, \Va.shiugtoii, bet. 6th and 7th. Watson, E. M. Lake street, nenr Furnace. Watson, Geo. Lake, near Furnace. Watson, J. W. Lake, near Furnace. Watson, J. W. & Sen, general merchandize, Watson Bl'k. Walts, Thos. laborer, V ash -igvon, near 4th. Webb, James, machinist, \V lington near 6ch. Weber, B. clerk, at Pendell . Beatty's, Wash, south of 7th. Weiss, Henry, bartender, Sunanit House. Welch, Pat, laborer, Superior, near Front. Westkkc & Brown, general store. Front, opp. Coles Honse. Westlake, A. S. Washington, bet. 3d and 4th. Wertman, M. laborer. Superior, near Front. Wetmore, W, L Pres't M. &S. St. M. & M. R R. Prop. M. & M. Tel. Line. Pres't Munissing Co Pres't Huron Bay Slate and Iron Co. Pres't Huron Bny Iron and Slate Co. General Manager N. Y. Iron Mine. Office Adams Block. Wetmore, F. P. res. Ridge street, near Cedar. Wetmore & Bro., dry goods, Front street. Wetmore, L. Arch, east of Front. Wetmore, R. C. clerk, bds. with F. P. Wetmore. Werner, Jno. plasterer, Washington, near 3d. Weston, Robert, carpenter, Washington, near 5th. Wheaton. W. W. Treasurer and General Agent Beecher Furnace and Marquette Rolling Mill. Wheatley, Jas. laborer, Ridge, near Front. Wheeler, Frank, carpenter, Blufl", near Front. White, Peter, Pres't Ist Nat. Bank, Ridge, near Cedar. White, Mrs. M. widow, .3d, near Bluff. White, Ripley, printer, 5th near Bluff. White, George, laborer. Traveler's Home. White, Martin, laborer. Front, near Spring. Whiting, I. policeman, Washington, near 4th. '.>8 BEAUD'h DIBECTOUY op MABQUE'lTE COUNTY. Whitlaw, J. M. book-keeper, bds. Northwestern. Whies, J. W. laborer, National Hotel. Whitley, Jaa sup't dock. Bluff, near 4th. Whitman, L. Arch, east of Front. Willman, Dietrich, laborer. Rock, near 5th. Williams, Tho8. laborer, Michigan House. Williams, Geo. laborer, Superior, near Front. Williams, Jno. J. Sup't of Slate Quarries. Williams, J. H. miner, 4th, near Mich. Williams, John, surveyor, 4th, near Mich. Williams. E. P. book-keeper, Front, near Wash. Wilson, George, weigh office, Washington, near 7th. Wilson. Booker, porter, Tremont House. Wilson, Wm. tel. op., 7th, near Ridge. Wilkes, Geo. section boss, Superior, near 3(1. Wilkes, Dan. laborer, Superior, near Front. Wilkes, 8. engineer. Bluff, near 5th. Wilkinson, J. M. cashier Citizen's Bank, bds. Lake street. Willis, Thos, blacksmith, Lake, near rolling mill. Winkle, Fred, mason, Lake st-eet. Wood, Z. brakeman, Washiii,-' i, west of 7th. Worts, Dan, blacksmith, Keystone House. Worth, Chas. tailor, rear Cath. church. Wote, Fred, laborer, corner 3d and Arch. Wright, J. H. carpenter, 4th, near Mich. Wright. Wm. carpenter, Superior, near 3d. Wright, C. E. iron expert, Adams Block. Wyckoff, J. W. sash and blind manufacturer Wash, near Fronf Wyckoff, Clark, book-keeper, Washington, near Third. Wyckoff, Wm. overseer, Washington, near 3d. Wyckoff, Fay, Arch, east of Front. Y ■YTOUNG, A. M. engineer, 3d, near Bluff. ■■• Young, Jas. W. laborer, 3(1, near Bluff. Young, Thomas, plumber, Lake, near rolling mill. -y*^. beard'h dibeotoby of mabquette county. 99 T. B. BROOKS, C. E„ EXFEBT, AND EXPLORER, m CHARGE OF OF THE MARQUETTE IROX REGTOJ^, Hi Exslorer for the Marpette, Hoflfi:!iton & Ontouapn R. R. Co. Gives exclusive attention to Explorations and Sur- veys of Iron Ore and Timber Lands and Mines. EeferencoB and Terms made known on application. 100 BEA'ID'8 DIRECTOUY OF HAHqUBTTE COUNTY. AkUUi iii»iiii jiy n iiii. ;»-wh<»-..».l ■ fawaw.-^ ,V. JOUNTY. i@af H. reasaarer. Young, David, laborer, Huperior, near Fro.it. Y.)Uiigblood, Henry, laborer, 4th, near ridge. OYD, Joseph, painter, 6th, near Bhiff. . ^lA^/i^ l.l,u» !»-»»,•■* ^^iiAi-iiiiiiaiiSir-'*M>ig. 'I'imm iiiiiiiiii|H>iiii>iH I I .^|i.iwawwH<|||i||MW)> 1()2 DKARD'8 DIBEOTOBY of MABQUETrK COUNT NEGAUNEE. A BARE, A. cHrpenter, Iron street. Abraharnsen, Peter, laborer. Iron. Adara, John, butcher, Iron. Adams, J. (^. Ass't P. M. rea. Main near Teal. Adams, J, Q. att'y at law, office PoHtoffice Building. American M. U. Express flompany, O. W. Doolittle, agent. Anthony, E. C. harness. Iron. Areland, L. laborer. Peck, near Teal. Asmuth, C. W. t?vi>or, Iron. Atkinson, John T. clerk, Iron. Atwater, George R. hardware. Iron. Atwater, John E. furniture. Iron. Atwater, A. furniture. Iron. Avrill, Jno, civil engineer, Lincoln, near Pioneer. B BAILEY, T. saloon, Iron. Baldwin, William, baggage master, bds. with Mrs. Capis. Ball, Henry, bi-akeman, bds. with Mh.. Capis. Bandin, V. shoemaker. Peck, near Pioneer. Bank of Negaunee, James Mathews, prop. Iron. Bartle, John, miner, Peck, near Renter. Bartle, J H, clerk. Peck, near Kanter. Bashaw, Frank, laborer. Peck, near Pioneer. Barraby, Joseph, laborer, corner Brown and Case. ililtlf^ll^iHfeiitMii " ";; * -»?'ii:'?|%i- ' ' Tm^^m^ f ^^^t^'^ ^^ iwiTiw'»yj)»wtihiiilWiWg)rii-fi}ai# UNT 1 I I. I J ii ..l, I H ■ W iii m l rm i * ' '! ■ i m ' ■ - ' » ■ llliAUlJH mUKCTMUY OF MAUyUKITK COtN'iy. lU.'J THE BANCROFT IRON COMPNY, MANUrAOTURBRB OF Building, little, agunt. CHARCOAL PIG IRON, er. FROM Specular and Hematite Ores, OF ith Mrs. Capis. MARQUETTE COUNTY. lae. PETER WHITE, Presidwit, Marquette, Michigan. SAMUEL L. MATHER, Treasurer, Cleveland, Ohio. JAY C. MORSE, Secretary, Marquette, Michigan. #- iWn i i<' i ii' < *l |- „..,7WV » 104 BEABD'h WItECIORY OF MAnQUETTE COUNTY. THJE IcCOlBEfi Iron Company. H) BALK as IJV u mi Pieraatit-c §11:011 #w, FROM THFAB. MIMES AT [I SAMUEIj L. MATHER^ PreaH and Treas. Cleveland, Ohio. FBEI>, A, MOOMEf Secretary, Cleveland, Ohio. J A Y C. MORSE, General Agent, Marquette, Mich. l l H il l l. U l<*i m i> hu COUNTY. ANY. tm ®ws, nd Treas. leveland, Ohio. :'r Icveland, Ohio. irquette, Mich. Barrett, Ed. laborer, near I. C. furnace. Barrett, Pat, miner, near Sheldon's brewery. Barry, James, laborer, near I. C. furnace. Barry, JoBeph, carpenter, corner Case and McKenzie. Bastedo, John, wagon maker. Case, near Kanter. Beaumont House, A. Wheatland, prop. Bedinny, George, miner, near I. C. furnace. Belrose, George, saloon, Iron. Eengley, Alexander, clothing. Iron. Bennallick, John, miner, Kanter, near Case. Bennett, Charlos, furnace. Peck, near Pioneer. Besiny, Mic.iael, laborer, Clark, near Kanter. ..est, John, contractor, Jackson Mine. Bezza, Richard, miner, near I. C. furnace. Bezza, William, miner, near I. C. furnace. Bezzo, Thos. contractor, Jackson mine. Blackie, Thomas, saloon, Iron. BuUhumeser, Michael, cabinet maker, Jackson. Blake, Ed. book-keeper, Jackson mine. Blake, William, laborer, Case, near Pioneer. Blodgett, E. S. meat market, Iron. Blopeslelt, Paul, carpenter, Iron. Boesch, Ed. jeweler, Iron. Bonei, Joseph, carpenter. Iron. Bollman, Chris, proprietor Empire House. Boner. Frank, laborer, Jackson mine. Bourja, E teamster. Case, near McKenzie. Bowdry, Peter, niachiuist. Main, near McKenzie. Bourrett, A. clothing and dry goods, Iron. Boyer, Henry, harness, Iron. Bradley, William, physician, Iron. Brackenburg, Robert, clerk, Lincoln, near Pioneer. Breitung, Edward, operator and dealer in mining and timber lands, Cyr street. Brinn & Peizer, dry goods. Iron. Brinn, J. dry goods. Iron. Brisflon, Raphael, Peck, near Pioneer. •«•?* 1()« BKAIiDH DIliKClOKy OF MAHQUETTE COUNTY. Britt, David, carpenter, bds. with Mrs. Capia. Brodeur, A. dentist, over Oyr's office. Brooks, James, carpenter, Kanter, near Peck. Brown, Henry, corner Pioneer and Clark. Brown, James, barn boss, Jackson mine. Brown, John, laborer, Jackson, near Pioneer. Brown, Jacob, soda water bottling works. Silver. Brown, W. H. blacksmith. Jackson mine. Buckley, Thomas, carpenter, Kanter near Peck. Buckley, William, Cyr. Bulcher, Joen, saloon. Iron. Burder, William, furnace, Casi-, near McKenzie. Burns, Thomas, miner, Iron. Buyer, Henry, harness, Iron. c CAIN, M. machinist, Iron. Calhoun, W. M. saloon. Iron. Calhoun, W. R. Main, near Pioneer. Calhoun, William S. clerk, Main, near Pioneer. Campbell, N. clerk, Iron. Cancel, Alt", shoemaker. Silver. Capis. Mrs. boarding house. Iron. Carney, O. & Bro., livery, Iron. Carney, Dennis, Iron. Carney, O. Iron. Carney, Pat. Lincoln, near Pioneer. Carr, Miss M R. millinery. Iron. Carr, B. candle manufacturer. Iron. Carr, John, clerk, Iron. Carson, John, saloon. Iron. Carter, Joseph, grocer, Iron. Carter, Samuel, drup, Iron, res. corner Case and Pioneer. Cary, Cor. stable boss, near I. C. furnace. Cary, Samuel, barber, Peck, near Kanter. Cassady, Daniel, shoemaker, Iron. Cassady, F. shoemaker, Iron. >iii.ilw»j > «g j(, gKig;>g i !Wgu# j | j ^ isaes m •■^^^mi^kimm'm''- NAILS, GLASS, Woodee-Wcmre^ Etc. IRON STREET, J{KQAVKEE, L. S. MICE 10 AX. m, i mm stobe n ishpeming, Where we carry a full line of Goods in our business. MANUFAOTUREES OF Tie, Copper and Slaeet Jroa War©. JOBBING, IN OUR LINE, A SPECIAF^TY, yjy. I i d. . . i i ^. n j Uwt^ ^W ji W i W^C'^M *'^ * yi" ;aL mn 108 beard's DIBKfiTOHY OF MABQJETTE COUNTY. E. 7<. HA7D0N, President. FBED STAFFOBD, CasUer. ifstH atiouu Aniikl- HEGAUNEE. MICH. Thi8 Bank is now ready for business, and solicits the patronage of the public. Its affairs will be conducted in a manner .strictly in accord with safe banking. A SPECIALTY WILL BE MADE OF FOREIGN EXCHANGES AND PASSAGE TICKETS, With the assurance to parties purchasing that thev are doing so at the LOWEST MARKET RATES. Will be issued, and Book Accounts opened bearing interest, thus enabling people with small means to have their savings increased from time to time. Exchanges available at all points Fast and West will be sold to parties keeping Comniercial Accounts AT ONE aUARTBR OP ONE PER CENT. PREMIUM. G^COLLECTIONS^^^ Entrusted to our care will receive prompt and careful attention. rest, thu3 enabling increased be sold to parties FEBMIUM. ^^:) reful attention. beard's DIKECTORY of MARQUETTE COUNTY. 109 Cascade Iron Company. Chicago and N. W. R., O. W. Doolittle, Agent. Chappel, J. shoemaker, Case, near Kanter. Chalafer, Charles, engineer, near I. C. furnace. Cholette, A. M. saloon, Iron. Christiansen, Andrew, laborer, Jackson Mine. Crocker, Allen & Co. iron manufacturers. Crocker, M. H. attorney at law. CroU, A. watches and jewelry, Iron. Christmas, John, laborer. Peck, near Pioneer. Chweig, Rich, upholsterer, Iron. Clark, Thos. P., Singer Sewing Machine, iron. Cochran, C. F. physician, Iron. Colon, J. laborer. Peck, near Railroad. Colwell, H. J. agent Michigan furnace. Corcoran, James, laborer, near I. C furnace. Cory, Martin, Pioneer Mine. Cotts, E. baker. Case, near Pioneer. Courtney, Mike, laborer, Jackson Mine. Cox, G N. carpenter, Jackson, near Pioneer. Cox, L. carpenter, Jackson, near Pioneer. Crepaut, William, book-keeper. Iron. Crocker, M. H. attorney at law, res. Main, near Teal, off Iron. (iroll, Adolph, jeweler, Iron, Cromley, Charles, policeman. Case, near Pioneer. Crystal, J. W. machinist. Case, near McKenzie. Cummon, Byron, laborer, Jackson Mine. Cum, John, laborer. Case, near Kanter. Curren, Owen, laborer, Jackson Mine. Curren, Tim, laborer, Jackson Mine. Curry, Thomas, St. James Restaurant. Cyr, L. D. physician, off. Iron, near Cyr. no ^r beard's directory of MARQUETTE COUNTY. D DALY, Charles, Engineer, near I. C. furnace. Daly, Daniel, engineer, near I. C. furnace. Damp, George, tuason. Peck, near Railroad. Davis, liiaac, miner, near I. C. furnace. Davis, John, plasterer, Jackson, near PioneeV. Davis, Stephen, blacksmith, near i. C. furnace. Demontgier, Simon, carpenter, Kanter, near Peck. Doherty, , teamster, boards with Mrs. Capis. Donahue, Tim. machinist, Jackson Mine. Duntawill, Wallace, baker, Case, near Pioneer. Doolittie, O. W. freight ag't, M. H. & O. R. R., Main, n. Teal. Dorn, James, tinsmith. Iron. Dow, Thomas, laborer, Kanter, near Case. • Downing, C. clerk, I. C. store. Ducharme, Frank, laborer. Main, near Pioneer Duesler, U. civil engineer, Case, near McKenzie. Dunn, John H. brewer, Peck, near Kanter. Dunn, Michael, laborer, Jackson Mine. E EAGAN, Pat. laborer, Case, near Railroad. Eaughn, Pat. laborer, near Sheldon's brewery. Eddy, C. C, hardware, Iron. Eddy, Frank, hardware. Iron. Edgial, B. laborer, Empire House. Edwards, Ant. laborer, Kanter, near Case. Edwards, James, laborer, Kanter, near Case. Ellsworth, L. L. clerk, I. C. store. Emmet, Frank, saloon, Iron. Engels, J. furniture, Iron. Esher, Stephen, laborer, Iron. F ALK, Jacob, carpenter. Main street. Feibish, Philip, liquor and cigars, Iron. , MaiD, D. Teal. beard's DIBBCTORY OP MAKQUEITE COUNTY. Ill HA.YDON'3 H. E. HAYDON, President. FRED. STAFFORD, CanhV. :negaunee, l. s., michioaw. ^0m§E mi For sale at Lowest Current Rates. PASSAGE TICKETS To and from the Old Country, BY ALL THE FIMST CLASH LINMH, Parties wishing To Send Money Abroad, Or who desire to bring out their friends, will always save money by purchasing Drafts or Tickets at this Bank. m Bvsj TIL/L\SACTED. ^r3^^vS3v^3.^s«- . , -,- ,- «PB 112 ukaiu/h uihkctoky of mauquktte county. JULIUS JACOBSON, DEALER IN STAPLE AND FANCY DRY OOODa CLOTHING, HATS. CAPS. BOOTS & SHOES, LADIES' WHITE UI\IDERWEAR. Traaka, Mte., IHta. MY STORE IS ON IRON STREET, NEGAUNEE. HEMEMBEH TttE ?tAC£, THE SIGN READS JULIUS JACOBSON, «-i^ COUNTY. N, IlNCY DS, RWE/[R. STREET, IAC£, beard's DiBwrrouY of mauqueite county. Finnegan, B. Jaborer, Jacksou Mine. First National Banic, H. E. Haydon, Pres't, Iron Fish A Pierce, general store, Iron. Fish, 8. Main, near Teal. Fitch, Ernst, engineer, Jackson Mine. Flauegan, B. laborer, 'acksr Mine. Flanegan. Ed. brakeinan, boarde with Mrs. Capis. Fiery, John, saloon. Pioneer. Flynn, James, laborer, Jack.-^on, near Pioneer. Flynn, James, laborer, near I. C. furnace. Flynn, J. P. tailor. Iron. Foley, James, mason, corner Case and Teal. Foreman, C. A. musician. Peck, near Pioneer. Fc.rest, E. clerk, boards Ogden House. Forest, John, cook, St. James. Fortier, C. A. physician. Iron. Fortune, Job. saloon, Iron. Foster, T omas, steward ar Va. James restaurant. Fossbender, F. wagon maker, Marquette. Fountain, Charles, laborer, Iron. Fox, C. harnee:3, Iron. Foye, H. teamster, near I. C. furnace. Frazee, Rev. E. W. corner Caae and Teal. Frost, L. clerk. Iron. Frusch, Theo. brewer, Peck, near Kanter. Fuchs, Fred, saloon, Silver, near depot. C-^AFFNER, F. T. near I. C. furnace. J Garghier, M. boarding house. Iron. Gibbon, H. E. photographer, Case, near McKenzie. Gibbs, M. A. book-keeper, 1. C. store. Gilbert, John, miner, Kanter, near Caae. Giroux, H. saloon, corner Pioneer and Peck. Girzikowsky, Ed. & Co. jewelers. Iron. Gleason, Pat, laborer, Jackson Mine, Gordon, James, contractor, Jackson Mine. tjl^t; 114 UKAIIDH DIRRrrroRY OK IIAUQIJEITE COUNTY. Grnham, C. laborer, near I. C. furnace. Gratzie, William, laborer, near I. C. furnace. Gray, Gilbert, ostler, Case, near Teal. Gray, Thomas, shoemaker. Case, near Kanter. Gregory & ShornLerg, saloon, Iron. Gregory, L. D. saloon, Iron. Green Bay Iron Co., R. P. Harriman, aupt. Green, Charles B. clerk, boards Ogden House. Green, E. 8. ag't I. C. .nine, Main, near Pioneer. Oriffis, John, minei, near I. C. furnace. (»rigg, Joseph, miner. Peck, near Railroad. Griswold, Alonzo, carpenter, Main, near McKenzie. Gustafsen, Svan, near Sheldon's brewery. H HAGANY, A. barber, Iron. Hall, William, tinsmith. Iron. Haly, James T. grocer. Iron. Haly & Hopkins, grocers. Iron. Hamilton, George, brakeman, boards with Mrs. Caplis. Hananer, H. clothipg, Irrn. Hand, H. laborer, Iron. Hanske, Ernst, carpenter, Iron. Hansen, Charles, time-keeper, Jackson mine. Hansen, Eber, laborer, Jackson mine. Hansen, Hans, blacksmith, Jackson mine. Hansen, James, engineer, Jackson mine. Hansen, Peter, saloon. Iron. Hardy, John, laborer, Chicago House. Harrington, James, laborer, Silver. Harrington, John B. miner, Peck, near Teal. Harrington, Pat, miner, Peck, near McKenzie. Harris, John, boarding-house. Iron. Harris, Thomas, grocer. Iron. Hartman, Conolly & Co. lumber dealers, cor. R. R. and Case. Hartman, C. J. Jackson House. ':w^^^"^ enzie. beard's directory of MAKQUETTE COtlNTY. 115 MORGAN mM M^Mfm^'*^ OHARCOAL PIG IRON AND BLOOMS. From Ihire Lake Superior Ch'es. PROPRIETORS OF MORGAN FURNACE At Morgan, and CHAMPION FURNACE, At Champion, Marquette Co., Mich. I. R. aad Case. S. P. ELY, Marquette. Mich., Secretary and Treasurer. C. DONKERSLY, do Vice Pres't and Geu'l Ag't. •:^3^^P? ^ I . rt i. . ^iuii Umtmt ,l ^■^*'Ta M^^ ^ ^ * *i rt »« r" i*M^^*ww.^^■■v•^-^ Si*- 116 BEAHU'h DIHKlTOBY OF MAItglK'ITR COUNTY. THOMAS F. CLARK, .KSKjVr FOH THE SINGER SJEWWiU MAC'HIIE, TUB S£ST IJV TUB WOJiZD. 219.75S SOLD IN 1872. NINE OUT OF TEN BEING FOR FAMILY USE, Being 4)500 more Machines than any other ( 'ompany, And 1-4 of all machiuea sold during that year, jnSO DEALER /JV PIAM8, OIGASS, lELOBEOlS, -AND- MUSICAL WEMCHAWr I8E. IRON STREET, Xeur Kirkwoud's Drug Store. COUNTY. BEA.BD'8 DIKE(rrORY OF MAKQUETTE COUNTY. 117 \RK, iJIIE, ZD. 1872. 'AMILY USE, 4Iier i 'imvpany, hat year, OBEOSS, I8B. Hartraan, T. W. Jackson House. Haiipt, E. bakery, Iron. Haydon'S Negaunee Bank. H. E. Haydon, I'rea., Iron. Hayden, H. E. banker, Cyr. Heiser. Martin, carpenter. Peck, near Teal. Henderson, James, shoemaker, Iron. Henly, Thomas, restaurant, Iron. Hewett, Silas T. saddler. Case, near Pioneer. Hewett & Snyder, harness. Silver. Hurrimau A Spurr Mine, R. P. Harriman & J. L. Spurr, Agto. Hartman, Connelly & Co. lumber dealers. Healy, W. P. attorney at law, Iron. Hibbard, Nathan, carpenter, Jackson Mine. Hibbard, Peter, carpenter, Jackson Mine. Hicks, Philip, plasterer, Jackson, near Pioneer. Hinckley, Ira, nit. glyc. manufacturer, Case, near McKenzie. Hirschman, F. L. physician, office with L. D. Cyr. Hocking, John, mason, Jackson, near Pioneer. Hocksen, Gus. laborer, Jackson Mine, Holmgreen, John, tinsmith, Iron. Horastein, Albert, clerk, Pioneer. Hooper, H. mason, near I. C. furnace. Hopkins, C. H. Main. Hopkins, William, Justice of the Peace, Main, near Pioneer. Howell, Henry, ostler. Iron. Hubert, George, stable boss, near I. C. furnace. Hule, F. grocer. Iron. Hutchingsen, G. L. express agent, Main, near McKenzie. IRELAND, Thomas, carpenter, Peck, near Railroad. Iron Cliff Company, E. B. Isham, sup't. Iron Cliff House, Frank Johnson, prop. Isham, E. B. corner Main and Pioneer. ^re. ^^>A.^.....in^m.>,j«^*'^^^ f^j^^ij4|i S'-i ?J^- '' S*''- !'»' i !? Sgy;^ g^jf;i*^fgff '*"' ■T^-^^SO'- DOUNTY. MATITE shpeming. jnt. lud Treasr'r. BEAUD's DIltEOTOnY OF MARQUETTE COUNTY Keller, Louis, brewer, Kanter, near Peck. Kelly, G. P. clerk, boards with W. L. Mann. Keely, John, laborer, Jackson Mine. Keely, John A. laborer, Jackson Mine. Kernel, Peter, laborer, near I. C. Mine. Kiren, Conrad, grocer, corner Case and Kanter. Kirkwood Bros, drugs. Iron. Kirk wood, John A. drugs. Iron. Kiikwood, P. B. drugs. Iron. Kiley, John, tenraster, near I. C. furnace. Kiley, William, teamster, near I. C. furnace. King, Peter, laborer, corner Case and Kaiiter. King & Wheeler, uitro-glvcerine manufactory, Iron. Kinner, S. Peck, near Kanter. Kirby, B. teamster, near I. C. furnace. Kittson, H. shoemaker. Iron. Klen, S. H. mason. Main, near Teal. Knese, Aug. carpenter, Kanter near Peck. Kremer, J. boards with Mrs. Caplis. LA FAVOUR, Atit. explorer. Case, near Kanter. Lamar, Adolph, laborer. Peck, near Pioneer. Lamsen. Charles, teamster, corner Peck and Teal. Lander, J. Jackson mine. Landrey, M. saloon, Iron. Lanseigae G. & Co. general store. Iron. Lans, M. laborer. Pioneer, near Iron. Lanser, Michael, machinist, Jackson mine. Laterelle, John, labprer. Peck, near Railroad. Laughliu, Ed. saloon, Iron. Laughlin, Michael, saloon. Iron. Lawless, James, laborer, Chicago House. Larren, F. furnace, near I. C. furnace. Lamson, O. G. tailor. Iron liCe, John, Lincoln, near Pioneer. Lehman, William, carpenter. Case, near Pioneer. "•"■rf-t^^ 122 beard's dikectoby of marqueite county. Lene, Mathew, laborer, Iron. ^Light, J. saloon, Iron. Ijilc, Anton, laborer, Case, near Brown. Londrie, Jo8. tinsmith, Iron, res. Case, near Pioneer. Lonstorf, N. dry goods, Iron. Low, Cbester, veterinary surgeon, Case, near Kanter. Lum & Peck, props. Ogden House. Lum, H. Ogden House. Lynch, John, laborer, near i. C. furnace. MADDSFORD, Will'ara, contractor, Jackson mine. Mahan, James, laborer, Jackson, near Pioneer. Maitland, A. W. lawyer, I. C. Co. Marsell & Co. dry goods, boots and shoes, crockery, etc., 3 sior'*. Iron. Mathews, Jos. machinist, Jachson mine. Mathews, Jas. banker. Iron. Mathewson, Duncan, engineer, Jackson mine. Maxwell, Robert, engineer, Jackson mine. Mazara, John, laborer, Jackson mine. McCarty, Martin, tear^aitsr. near I. C. furnace. McCarty, Michael, engineer, near I. C. furnace. McCloud, Norman, painter, Main, near McKenzie. McComber, W. C insurance agent, Iron. McComber, Alex, foreman, near I. C. furnace. McConley, Tim, miner, near I. C. furnace. McCrea, A. miner, near I. C. furnace. McGinnis, B. plasterer, Jackson, near Pioneer. McGowan, Pat, laborer, near I. C. furnace. McKenzie, physician, Iron. McKenzie, Thomas, livery and boarding house, Silver. McMullen, Daniel, wagon maker, Lincoln, near Pion^r. McMuUen, J. carpenter, Lincoln, near Pieneer. McRuloff, John, laborer, Jackson mine. Mergan, Charles, teamster, near I. C. furnace. wmm ;OUNTY. neer. inter. ion mine, 'ioneer. ery, etc., 3 8ior'«. zie. Silver. Pion^r. beard's directory of MMIQUETTE OUUNTY. 123 ESTABLISHED 1S40. ^^MiVt # ^ K Importers aad Jobbers of l#© OK ^v/ Our l«.iliti.w eiv.blc us. I. offer dealeii. PRICEj; aid TKBMS as favorable a» .•an behndiii Eiintern .Mart-ct«. ilRliKRS BY MAIL will receive especiiil attention, and our long experience „ the Luke .SuiTerior irade will be (ound of advantune in eelecting goods for that 1 market. WO Woodwara Avenue, DETROIT. D. CONGDON. (Successor to Fitch k Congdos,) 'lo f oolf art Ai:i., DETROIT, Mick. Finest Stock west of New Yorli. LOVTEST PRICES. OBest Fitting Garmonts.O EVEYRTHING UNEXCPXLED. H^Speoia,! .A^ttention to Orders."^ u i r., . \J. > % -r:r^'^^!S^^^^^^^^^^^ m^m^m^^^^^ C' 124 DEAKD'h DlllEClOBY OF MABQUErrE COUNTY. THE NEW YORK roniilompany PBODUCE PKO"!! THEIK i^il^ Situated on Sec. 3, Town 47, Eange 27, Ores of Great Purity and Best Quality. BAM'L J, TILJDEN, President, New York, \ L. WETIMOMM, General Manager ^ Marquette 3 Mich, i-Mrtuwnai i Quality. DEN, , New York, lettea Mich, Merrett, J. carpenter, Jackson, near Pioneer. Merrett, Wm. carpenter, Jackaon, near Pioneer. Mengaij, John, laborer, near I. C. furnace. Miner's Bank, D. G. Stone, prop. Ir.>n. Mitchel, George, contractor, Jackson mine. Mitchel, James, contractor, Jackson mine. Mitchel Jos. teamster. Empire House. Moran, Michael, contractor, Jackson mine. Morrow, C. B. boards at Mrs. Sterling's, Morton, A. saloon. Silver. Murphy, Michael, laborer, Jackson mine. Muck, Chas. meat market. Iron. N NABEL, E. near Sheldon's brewery. Nash, William, clerk, Peck, near Pioneer. Neely & Eddy, hardware. Iron, Neely, Benj. hardware. Case, neai* Teal. Neely, Wm. clerk, Iron. Nelson, B. shoemaker, Iron. Nelson, Rasmus, laborer, Jackson mine. Nelson, W. D. clerk, boards Jackson House, Nero, James, laborer, near Sheldon's brewery. Nesbit, James, saloon, Iron. Newton, Pat, near Sheldon's brewery. Noe, William, machinist, Jackson mine. Norris, Hicks & Morrow, general store, Iron. Norris, James W. boards M. Page. Norry, George, Jackson mine. Norry, Henry, agent, Jackson mine. Northwestern Telegraph Company, John Kern, opp. Iron. O OATLY, S. E. saloon. Iron. Ogden House, Lum & Peck, props., Iron. O'Leary, John, telegraph operator. Case, near Kanter. O'Leary, John, blacksmith, Jackson, near Pioneer ^4;/S!.^ '^ vW i wg-^'" «^? .126 beaiid'h dibectoby of MABQuarrE county. O'Leary, Michael, laborer, Case, near Kanter. Oleson, Andrew, laborer, Jackson mine. O'Neil, M. grocer. Iron. O'Neil, Robert, engineer, corner Main *nd McKenzie. Orthey, Julius, near Sheldon's brewery. Orthey, Mrs. J. R. millinery, Iron. PAGE, 0. A. ass't sup't C. and N. \V. ra,ilroad, Cyr. Pagot, T. C, clothing, Iron. Peck, H. O. prop. Ogden House. Pendill, B. P. Silver, near Railroad. Pendill, Frank, clerk. Silver, near .Railroad. Pendill, Henry, clerk. Silver, near Railroad. Pendill, James, clerk. Silver, near Railroad. Pendill, J. P. general store, Silver, near Railroad. Peninsular Brewery, G. C. Sheldon, prop. Silver. Perkins, George, attorney at law, Cyr. Pettibone, Day & Morrow, general store Main. Perry, Ed. clerk, corner Lincoln and Pioneer. Peters, Robert, laborer, corner Jackson and Pioneer. Peterson, A. saloon. Iron. Peterson, Andrew, laborer, Lincoln, near Pioneer. Peterson Chris, laborer, Jackson mine. Phillips, Thomas, miner, Kanter, near Case. Pierce, A. grocer, Iron. Pierce, L. S. Center. Pierce, N. sup't mine, corner Pioneer and Case. Pische, Joseph, carpenter, Iron. Purvis, Robert, miner, near Cliff furnace. Q OUALSTROM, John, carpenter, Case, near Brown. Quinn, John, clothing. Iron. Quinn, Joseph, clerk. Iron. Quinn, Robert, clerk, Iron. *" Jvy.rf^-'a- c-.?^^3.A*' ■ ''■i V. " ' ■ " ■ " j ag e Wg g WWi BBAH0*8 DIRECl'ORY OF MAUyVKTrK COUNTY. 127 .R R AIN, Michael, machinist, Jackson mine. Rang, C. saloon, Iron. Ray, Capt. school teacher, bds at Mrs. Caplis. Regarr, Jas. laborer. Peck near Kanler. Renny, B. laborer, near Sheldon's brewery. Risharr, Francis, laborer, near I. C. furnace. Revere, Peter, Main near McKenzie. Rice, Frank, fireman, boards at Mrs. Caplis. Richards, W. H. contractor, Jackson mine. Richardson, Geo. laborer, near I. C. furnace. Riley, Geo. engineer, boards at Mrs. Caplis. Roach, Jas. miner, near Sheldon's brewery. Roach, Wm. laborer, Empire House. Roberts, Henry, contractor, Jackson mine. Roberts, Henry, laborer, near Sheldon's brewery. Roland. Wm. book-keeper I. C. Co. Rosmursen, Chris, laborer, Jackson mine. Rosmurseo, Hans, laborer, Jackson mine. Rosmursen, Mil. laborer, Jackson mine. Ross & Wyman, fruit and vegetables, Iron. Ross. Alexander, helper, Jackson mine. Ross, Charles, American House. Ross, Robert, engineer, Jackson mine. Ross John, engineer, Jackson mine. Rough, H. contractor, Jackson mine- Rowland, William, P. M. boards St. James. Rowley, Paul, carpenter, Iron. Roy, T. clerk, boards over N. Y. store. Pendle, Thomas, soda water and bottling establishment. Silver. Ruplet, Albert, tinsmith, Iron. Ryan, T. liquors and cigars. Iron. « AUNDERS, Jno. miner, Peck near R. R. ^ Saunders, Wm. miner, Peck near R. R. c^f*' »liiSiai# (i (t i iiii (ii j i » » M^^^ j^^^fet^g^i*" fA'i">^®^^^^'^ 128 BEAKD'h DlIlECTOllY OF MARQIIRTTE COUNTY. Sawyer, A. carriages, Silver. Scaiilon, John, laborer, JaekHon mine Seanlon, Tim, laborer, Jackson mine. Sehalmo, P. saloon, Iron. Schmidt & Ring, saloon. Iron, Schmidt, A. saloon, Iron. Schneider, Jacob, saloon, Iron. Schneider, John, tinner, Iron. Schrara, Fred . drver, Irion. Schwartz, Chas. mason. Peck near Kanter. Schwartz, J. shoemaker. Iron. Schwarz, John, miner, Iron. Seer, Jos., laborer, Brown and Case, Sein, Adam, mason, Peck near Kanter. Senecan, Alf. Pioneer near Iron. Seymour, Rev. E. Peck near R, R, Shannessy, Wm. shoemaker. Case near Kanter. Shehau, Joh,n laborer. Case near McKenzie. Shehan, Thomas, teamster, near I. C. furnace. Sheldon, Geo,, brewery. Gold. Sherman, Wm. engineer, near I. C furnace. Smitbauer, Jos. laborer, Pioneer near Clark. Smith, G. N. book-keeper, I. C, store. Smith, Jas. laborer, near I. C. furnace. Smith, Jos. machinist, Jackson mine. Smith, M. W. ass't road master. Case near Teal. Smith, R. laborer, Iron. Snow, F. E. Case near Teal. Snyder, Chas. harness. Peck near Pioneer. Snyder, John, tinner. Case near Pioneer. Sowstorf, N. general store. Iron. Sporley, G, boarding house, Iron. Stack, Geo. laborer, near I, C. furnace. Stafford, Fred, boards Jackson House. Stecker, G. saloon. Iron. Steele, S, H, laborer, near I. C. furnace. St. James Restaurant, Iron. , . , p ,, .. ... , ri ,. . W , l ,, gt, | ).WItl(i» . .|lj n »1 .* ^ M-. >i' »» ytMft? l )^'g^ beabd'b dibectoby of mabquette county. 129 Stirling, A. J. clothing, nor. Main and McKenzie. Stirling, Walter, clerk, cor. Main and McKenzie. Stockwell, A. E. clothing, Iron. Stone, D. G. banker, dry goodfl, groceries, etc., Iron. Stone, Samuel, janitor, Hayden'a Bank. Strand, Nelaon, oatler, Iron. Strebbe, A. carpenter, Iron. Sullivan, Daniel, miner, near Sheldon's brewery. Sullivan, Tim, laborer, near I. C. furnace. Sundberg, Chaa. watchmaker, Iron. Sutherland, Jas. clerk, Main near McKenzie. Sweeney, E. livery, Case near Teal. Sweeney, John, clerk. Peck near McKenzie. Swink, Peter, butcher. Case and McKenzie. T TAF, George, engineer, Jackson, near Pioneer. Tatty, M. laborer, near I. C. furnace. Taylor, Thomas, clerk. Iron. Tellon, Martin, foreman Jackson mine. Tiddy, William, contractor, Jackson mine. Tiller, George, miner, near I. C. furnace. Thela, Charles, carpenter. Main, near McKenzie. Thiel, Chris, laborer, Jackson mine. The S. C. Smith Iron Company. Thom, Charles, tailor. Case. Thomas, John R. machinist, Jackson mine. Thompson, A. J. Barber, Iron. Tobin, Michael, constable, Chicago House. Tongung, Joseph, laborer, Jackson mine. Town, Charles, tailor, corner Case and Pioneer. Trelease, E. A. prop. Jackson House. Trezone, Joseph, engineer, Jackson mine. Trudell, A. near I. C. furnace. Truant, John, mason, corner Case and Pioneer. Tyler, John, laborer, Peck, near Railroad. g ^te» ^#^^ fe*^'^ ^--^"'"'^'-''^'' ^---^^*^'^^^ w 130 UKAUU'h DIRKCTOBY of MAligUETTE COUNTY. U UHRBACH, John, butcher, Iron. Uren, 8. cabinet maker. Iron. VA8HR0N, Louii, carpenter, Cn«e, near Brown. Vashron, Louis, Jr. clerk, Case, near Brown. Vick, George, laborer. Peck, near Kauter. Vigors, H. laborer, Jackson, near Pioneer. Virren, William, shoemaker, Iron. Volker, J. J. jeweler, Iron. W WARD, J. laborer, Jackson mine. Warner, Wilkes, Uilor, Case, near McKenzie. Warm, Joel, agent Green Bay store, Main, near Teal. Warm, Joseph, clerk. Main, near Teal. Wasley, Frank, miner, corner Case and Kanter. Wiitony, John foreman Jackson mine. Weed, Charles W. book-keeper, bank of Negaunee. Weyman, J. W. jeweler, Main, near McKenzie. Welch & Morton, saloon, Silver. Welch, Richard, Silver. Wells, T. L. clerk, I. C. store. Westlie, tailor, Iron. Wilup, Ed. laborer, near I. C. furnace. Williams, Joel, stage line to Cliff mine, Iron. Winter, Joseph, butcher, corner Main and Teal. Winter's Opera Hall, Wheelock & Winters, props. Iron. Wheatland, A. prop. Beaumont House. Wheeler, E. G. clerk Ogden House. Wheelock & Winter, meats. Iron. Wheelock, J. meats. Iron. White, John, barber. Peck, near Railroad. White, Ole, laborer, Jackson mine. Wohl, Peter, mason, Iron. WoUner, H N. merchant tailor, Iron. Wyman, H. D. Iron. YIRKE, Fred, saloon, Iron. Young, Ed. harness, Iron. t ' >V;K « l il. i i r » , i Wl| l »i ( j l i | «y ^ .^^^- r 1 i « |i > »l '>»^H . tn(> . .» .i i ' »|) ■i | ii. g^ i ,uml »l . |i||i nM-l i) Kri i >i . i w, j! i » >ii H i { i, ri BKARD I'a DIRKCTOBY OF MABQUETTE OOCNTY. 131 Bmmm il&me Brown, ■own. tm uA Mmhv mo. MANUFACTURBR8 OF Kenzie. lear Teal. mmoiiL nG ii m urn, aunee. zie. fHOM f UHE MKE SUf EBIOIl 0W8, AT TBBIB eal. props. Iron. Furnace near Ishpeming, Mich. GARDNER GREEN, President, Norwich, Conn. D. R. SULLIVAN, Vice " " " THEO. P. McCURDY, TreasT. C. H. HALL, Agent, Ishpeming. Mich. , , ji« t ni n»-' i -r . Siti i i-y /;'W ' j:fj,.r? ^ mm )UNTY. beard's directory of MARQUETTE COUNTY. 133 '© ISHPEMING. A , &c. Is made. ADAMS, Jno., book-keeper, with N. Hodgkins & Co. Allen, Henry, carpenter, Pine. Allen, Henrj'. laborer, Division. Allen, Juo., laborer, 2d, near Marquotte R. R. Allen, Jno. carpenter, Pine. Allen, Wm., laborer. Main, near Division. Allisv>n, Jno. M., barber, Main. Amraerson, C. foundryman, Superior foundry. Andtrson, A. A. jewelry. Main. Anderson, Bangt, laborer, 2d, near Marquette R. R. Anderson, C. saloon, Main. Anderson, Ch.aS. clothing, corner Pearl and 1st. Anderson, Chas. clerk, Union Store Company. Anderson, G. laborer, Main, near Division. Anderson, Jno., laborer. Division. Anderson, Oscar, Agent Union Store Company. Anderson, Severn, saloon. Main, Andrews, H. weigh-maater, near Lake Angeline. Andrews, Jno., laborer, 2d, near Marquette R. R. Astenius, J. O. clerk, Main. Atwood, Wm., laborer, Ist, near Marquette R. R. Austin, F. & C, meats, etc.. Division. B BACON, Mrs. S. millinery, Main street. Baptist, Robert, blacksmith, corner 2d and Cleveland. Barnes, L. clergyman, corner Division and 3d. i fc« ■i. ' i ittit ^ n M i xmi i fm 'nw^^" ^ , „ >viiMm'i'u»i' » %6;-t?:i--:t'^ ' i}^.fl^^ 134 BEABd's DIBEOrOBY OF MABQUETTE COUNTY. Baruum Iron Mine, W. H. Murray sup't. Bauer, Seb. clerk with Henrietta & Co. Beckman, Ed. policeman, corner Pearl and Main. Benberg, O. N. saloon, corner 2d and Cleveland. Bennett, A. butcher. Main. Beunett, C J. clerk with Myers & Biglow, Main. Berg, Charles, laborer, corner Cleveland and Ist. Besnit, N. laborer, Ist, near Marquette Railroad. Bewnander, John, clerk, Main, near Front. Bice, Win. laborer. Division, near Main. Bicale, George, laborer, 1st, ?, mm riRE, MICHIGAJ^. Christy, John, laborer, Division, near Main. Clark, James, yard-master, boards at Mrs. Crawford's. Clark, W. S. soda water works, Division. Clayton, G. telegraph operator, Marquette Depot. ClevelaOid Iron iline, F. B. Mills, Supt. Clines, E. teamster. Main, near Division. Cofferits, John, butcher, Pearl, near 1st. Cofferits, Sam. butcher. Pearl, near Ist. Coleman, John B. taxidermist, Division. Colwell, B. M. hardware. Main. Combs, Wm. H. laborer, Main, near Division. (k)ngden, Mich, laborer, 2d, near Marquette R. R. Conners, John, laborer, with And. Burchel. Cough, Pat. saloon. Division. Corlson, J. machinist, Supr. Foundry. Crabb, Richard carpenter. Main, near Division. Crabb, Simon, laborer. Main, near Division. Crawford, Mrs. E. boarding house, near Marquette Depot. Cundy, Chas. butcher, Cal. House. Cylling, Philip, saloon, Main. D DAHLIN, A. blacksmith, Superior foundry. Daniel, J. pattern maker, Superior foundry. Daniel, Samuel, laborer, 1st, near Marquette railroad. Datcher, A. J. general store, corner Ist and Cleveland. Day, Jetf. book-keeper, Pine. Decker, D. Steele, lumber, corner 2d and Division. Demaric, Joseph, laborer, 2d, near Marqette railr id. Deer Lake Iron and Lumber Company, C. H. Hail, sup't, 2 miles distant. Demearais, George, blacksmith and wagon-shop, 2d near Cleve- land. Devine, Pat, saloon. Main. Devan, John, laborer, Division. Divan, P. saloon. Main. Dolan, John, laborer, Division. ,. ., i w ri M#« iri w» i iiig|p«! ii y'i' »y"-< ■; ^ssismsm-im^f'f"'i'^ ':w^' 140 BEABD'b DIREOTOBY of MARQUETTE COUNTY. Hawley, M. carpenter. Division. Hays, Jamee, book-keeper, Main. Hays, Thomas, laborer, Ist, near Marquette R. R. Heaton, T. physician, Pine. Heineman, H. 8. clothing. Main. Heineman & JacoSson, clothing, Main. Heudeyx, F. A. machinist, Superior Foundry. Henley, Peter, laborer, Division. Henleyson, C. laborer, Main, near Division. Henrietta, J. & Co., meats. Main. Henrietta, Miles, meats. Main. Hickey, Wm. laborer. Main, near Division. Higgins, John, shoemaker. Division, near Main. Hill, Edwin, clerk, with Myers & Biglow. Hillsdale, Wm. clerk, corner Pearl and Ist. Hocking, Wm. laborer, Main, near Division. Hodgkins, N. & Co., livery, Pearl, near Ist. Hodgkins, Gilbert, livvy» Pearl, near 1st. Holman, Frank, near Lake Angeline. Hornstein, Ed. derk, Main. Hosking, Wm. Main. Hospel, P. prop. Cal. House. Houle, Cyrille, baggage-maater, 2d. Howard, Henry, clerk, corner Pine and Division. Hubbard, Samuel, laborer, 1st, near Marquette R. R. Hughes, Jas. butcher. Division. ISAACS, Justus, laborer, Division, near Ist. Ishpeming Bank, Robert Nelson and H. E. Hayden, props., D. F. Wentworth, cash., Pine and Main. Ishpeming Hospitjil, R. Nelson, pres.. Main. TACKSON, G. W. barber. Main. I Jacobi, Aug. baker. Division, near 1st. Jacobson, Henry, jewelry, Main. ik-uhk. . mmfmmm^^ ;:^F^' Jacobson, A. clothing, Main. Jacques, A. laborer, 2d, near Division. James, H. machinist, Superior foundry. Jenks, M. furniture. Main. Jochim, John, saloon, Main. Jones, P. boards Mr^. Crawford's. Johnson, Aug. engineer, Division. Johnson, Aug. laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Johnson, C. laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Johnson, Charles, shoemaker, 1st, near Cleveland. Johnson, Fred, book-keeper, Cleveland, near 1st Johnson, Gust, pattern maker, Superior foundry. Johnson, G. D. carpenter, Superior mine. Johnson, H. saloon, 2d, near Cleveland. Johnson, J. book-keeper. Main. Johnson, L. B. laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Johnson, M. saloon, Ist, near Front. Johnson, M. & Co. saloon. Pearl, near Main. Johnson, S. clerk, Nora's Store Co. Johnson, Seymour, clerk, Superior mine. Johnson, J. B. clerk, with Myers & Biglow. Jury, Mrs. M. Saloon, Cleveland. K KAHN & Newman, clothing. Main. Kendergaw, B. fireman. Division. Keeve, Jas. laborer. Division, near Main. Kennedy, Cornelius, Justice of the Peace, Division. Kennedy, C. weigh-master, Division. Kennedy, Jas. laborer. Division, near Main. Kirkwood Bros., drugs, stationery, etc., Main. Kretchmar, H. furniture, corner 1. ' and Cleveland. AIRD, Jas. clerk, Hetirietta & Co. La Fever, Henry, butcher, Cal. House. ii ta -ii. i .i rwa^ ii p.lp' i RSBjgja ji ?^^ •; M '' 'i^^^ 142 beard'h dibeotoby of mabqoette county. Lake Angeline Mine, H. Deamond, aup't. Lake Superior Iron Mine, G. D. Johnson, sup't. Lake Superior Peat Furnace, J. B. Lyon, sup't Lake Superior Peat Works, J- H. Welch, sup't. Laeflin, Jas. plasterer, corner Pearl and Main. Larseii, Andrew, clerk with Myers & Bige^ow. Larange, Jos. saloon, Pearl street. Larsen, Andrew, saloon, corner Cleveland and Ist. Lawson, J. laborer, corner Cleveland and 1st. I^ee, Scoville, machinist, Superior Foundry. Le May, Nap. shoemaker, corner Division and Main. Lewis, 8. W. foreman, Superior Foundry. Linn, Michael, mason, Division. Linquist, August, laborer, corner 2d and Marquette R. R, Londquest, P. O. shoemaker, Cleveland, near Ist. Lonvil, A. shoemaker, Euclid. Lorenge, Jos. saloon, Pearl. Loth, Jos. saloon, Maioi Lund, Missel, machinist, Superior Foundry. Lundbery, Andrew, clerk, corner Cleveland and Ist. Lynch, D. saloon. Pearl, near 1st. * Lyon, Dennis, laborer, 2d, near Marquette R. R. Lyons, F. engineer, near Lake Angeline. M MACK, Daniel, laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Madden, John, mason. Main, near Division. Malone, John, clerk with Henrietta & Co. Malquist, Charles, laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Malquist, John, laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Maualy Arthur, wagon maker, 2d, near Cleveland. Marchant, B. saloon, Pearl. Marquette, Houghton & Ontonagon Railroad, W. J. Newman, agent. Maroney, John, saloon, Division, near Main. * Mathews House, M. Mather, prop., Main. McCallen, W. J. machinist, Superior foundry. -a;,-*»^4^ 5*r *!- -frV^^tJ s S^^ "^^ rj f? " "yy ^ ^ijBiqtT- DOUNTY. n, Bup't. )n, sup't. 1, Bup't. St. IVIaiu. ette R. R. t. BKAMD'S WBECTOBY ok MABQUErrE COUNTY. 143 Ist. i Railroad, on. Railroad. iiroad. nd. W. J. Newman, McCulloch, P. carpenter, Division, near Main. McDonald, A. prop. Sherman House. McFarland, T. F. harness, Division. McGinty, Ed. Clerk, Pine. McGinty, Pat. wagon maker, Pine. McGinty, Wm. freight agent, Pine. McHugh, E. J. watchmaker. Main, near Pearl. Mclnness, , clerk, lat, near Cleveland. McNamara, Charles, harness maker, and dealer in trunks, etc.. Division. Meeter, Joseph, harness, 1st Mertine, Casper, blacksmith, corner Pearl and Main. Michael. James, laborer, Pearl, near 1st. Milbach, Charles, laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Mildon, H. H. liquors, Main. Miles, John, laborer, Ist, near Marquette Railroad. Mills House, J. H. Mills, prop. Division St. Mills, Capt. F. P. Cleveland mine. Mills, J. H. prop. Mills House, Division St. Mockler, John, grocer, Main. Mocklcr, Wra. clerk, Main, near Front. Monahan, Peter, grocer, Ist, near Cleveland. Moran, Hugh, clerk, Division, near 1st. Morley, Pat. machinist Superior foundry. Morrison, John E. wagon maker, Euclid. Morthey, Jas. machinist, Superior foundry. Mullen, Daniel, clerk, Ist, near Cleveland. Mullen, J. lal)orer, Euclid. Murray, Robbins & Co. general store, Main, Murray, Frank, blacksmith, 2d, near Cleveland. Myhre, B. shoemaker, 1st, near Cleveland. Myers & Biglow, general merchandise, next door to Bank of Ishpeming. Myers, A, A. res. Euclid St. N N AIL, Ed. laborer, Main, near Division. Nedo, Mrs. C. saloon, Pearl street. a T ii ii l f i g- . TjCii il yi l jIjI l ^ ■ ;ji i; i i Hyi t v ;,i« ,. ;' , '; ji ;il IgS ' ft tSgy^ .- '■ ...■■'-! Jit! * ?. ' IWJi .M-ess 144 beard's DIKECTOBy OF MABQUErrE COUNTY. ISHPEMING. MICH. MANUFACTURKR8 OF ENGINES, Blast "^urnace, Mir^ITVO^ JILIVD lyilLI^ Iron and Brass Castings, BOILERS BUILT AND BEFAIBED. A full Block of STEAM AND GAS GAS PIPE, AND FITTINGS of all kinds and descriptions. A large and complete stock of RUBBER AND HEMP PACKING. All sizes of Bar and Round Iron always on hand. Agents for Knowles' Patent Steam Pumps, Wm. Canfield & Co's Empire Packing. i^'AjSeSasi, BOUNTY. '» IILI^ ngs, ^D FITTINGS of ete slock of \CKING. I hand. eld & Co's Empire deabd'h niuErrouY op jiARQUKrrK county. 145 Neely & Eddy, hardware, Main. Neely, Thos. agent, Ne«ly & Kddy. Nelson A ftayden, iron agenU, Main street. NelBon, E. D. cashier, Ist National Hank, NeUon, U. president 1st National Bank. Nelson, R. president Ish. Hank. Nelson, VV. S. grocer, Main. Nelson, U. & Co., meat market, Division. Neuberger, U. millinery and clothing, Main. Neuberger, P. auction and commission, Main. Newman, V. J. age.it American Express Company, Depot New England Mine, Hon. H. C. Williams, sup't. 3 miles distant. N. Y. Mine Store, gen. mer., J. H. Gillett manager, N. Y. Mine. New Superior Mine. G. F. Tracey -p't. 5 miles distant. New York Mine. Hon. ^'' E. Dickenson, sup't. Niles, C. ph>(tician, Pii Nixon, John, clerk, with H. M. Colwell. Nolan, Michael, laborer, 2d, near Marquette R. R. Nolen, John, laborer, 2d, near Marqi:ette R. R. Noras Store Co. gen. store, Fred Braasted agt., Cleveland, near Ist. Norberry, John E. agent, hardware, Main. Norton, VVm. laborer, 1st. near Marquette R. R. Northmore, John, prin. High School, Main. Mygraw, Ernest, clerk, Kahn & Newman. O ODGERS, Richard, laborer, Ist, near Marquette R. R. Oie, J. N. grocer. Main. Oie & Nelson, grocers. Main. Oien, Henry, saloon, Cleveland, near Main. O'Leary, M. J. billiard room, Division. O'Leary. Michael, shoemaker, Divisidn, near Main. Olesen, L. carpenter. Division. Oliver, Wm. & Co., livery stable. Oliver, John, carpenter, Hematite mine, near Marquette R. R. Oliver, Thoma , book-keeper. O'Niel, Terance, machinist, Superior Foundry. Osborn, L. E. manager Superior Foundry. i! •I -ft* ■U-' ■JM 146 beard's DIBECrOBY OF MABQUETTE COUNTY. PAINTER, William, Main, near Division. Parks «fe Haydcn, attorneys, Main street. Parkes, A C. machinist, Superior foundry. Parkes, Samuel, machinist, Superior foundry. Fendill & Beatty, general store. Main. Penglase, John, laborer, Division. Peuna, J. P Superior mine. Perry, William, laborer, Ist, near Marquette Railroad. Pet«reon, A. shoemaker, 1st, near Cleveland. Peterson, A. E. saloon, 1st, near Front. Peterson, A. O. clerk, Nora's Store Co. Peterson, Charles, laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Peterson, John, saloon, Ist, near Front. Peterson, K. laborer, 2d, near Marquette Railroad. Peterson, Peter, saloon, Cleveland, near Ist. Ficands, Van Cleve & Co., hardware, mining supplies, etc. Pierce, N. laborer, Main, near Division. Pierce, Samuel, Main, near Division. Ponthwait, John, Provost. Michael, shoemaker, division, near Main. R RAISKY, W. F. saloon. Main. Reynolds, J. engineer, Pine. Rice, Samuel, liquors and tobacco, Main. Richards, Alfred, moulder, Division, near Main. Richards, A. J. machinist, Superior Foundry. Richards, F. W. machinist, Superior Foundry. Rider, Richard, butcher, Division. Filey, W. machinist, Superior Foundry. Riplel, John, photographer, with Emery. Robbins, E. clothing, boots and shoes. Main. Roden, John, laborer, Cleveland, near 1st. Rogers, Wm. laborer, Division. Rones, J. post-master, Pine. "i^j^r^- n , ii' ii iii|i » > p i >' >*M .i * ft i» »" « OTJNTY. beard's directory op MARQrFTTE COUNTY. 147 Ropes, J. & Co., drugs, Stationery, and consulting chemist, corner Pine and Division. Russell, Frank, shoemaker, Division, near Main. Ryan. John, carpenter, Division, neai' Main. Ryan, John, lahorer. Main, near Division. Ryan, Mathew, saloon, Main. ilroad. in. SAGINAW Iron Mine, J. P. Mitchell, sup't. 5 miles distant. Sanson, John, saloon, corner Cleveland and 3d. Sandberg, Andrew, clerk, with Myers & Biglow. Sargent, VVm. clerk, Main. Schlin, John, clerk, with Union Store Company. Shaner, Chas. clerk, Henrietta & Co. Sheldon, Geo. clerk. Pine. Sherley, W. machinist, Superior Foundry. Sherman House, A. McDonald, prop., Division. Shiel, Pat., shoemaker, Division. Sieble, Philip, butcher, Cal. House. Sillistrap, P. R. watchmaker. Main. Slatlerly, Michael, shoemaker. Division, near Main. Sloat, O. D. agent C. & N. W. Railway, Main. Slyney, J. laborer, 1st, near Marquette R. R. Smith, Jas. B. book-keeper, Superior Foundry. Smith, Peter, machinist, Superior Foundry. Smith, W. machinist, Superior Foundry. Smith, W. G. harness, Division. Smith, W. R. pop works. Division. Soddgreen, Gus. teamster, Division, near Main. Solberg. Samuel, clerk, Union Store Company. Spencer, J. L. harnsa-maker, Pearl. Staftbrd, W. 8. Division. Stanley, L. H. agent, Dicker & Steele. St. Germain, John B. policeman, Pearl. Stockwell & Ward, dry goods. Main. Stolt, J. P. saloon, corner Cleveland and Ist. Streeter, E. 8. lumber, come. Lake and Front. .i-a^AjUi4«*^s 150 BEABP'a DUIECTORY OF MARQUETTE COUNTY. MICHIGAMME. This town having been totally degtroyed by fire, in June, 1873, and rebuilt in August of the same year, we give the adult names taken from the census rolls, compiled in August, as an evidence of the wonderful energy, enterprise and resources of the citizens of this town. On account of the unsettled state of affairs, we are unable to ^rive the business or occupation of all the residents, many being ac a loss themselves to state what they intend as yet to follow for a livelihood. We do not wish to be understood by this that the town is mado up of idlers, far from it, there seems no drones here, on the ":ntrary, all is life, activity and business. A Anderson, Peter, board'g house. Anderson, Simon. Angefe, David. Anson, John. Anson, Ole, Armstrong, G. Armstrong, J. B. Arroatroiig, W. H. Ayotte John. Alexander & Hanna, hotel. Ai Jerson A. Anderson, Andrew, saloon. Anderson, Chas. Anderson, H. Anderson, John. Anderson, Laws. Anderson, Lewis. Anderson, Martin. Anderson, P. Backman, Oli. Bang, Peter. Bank'iead, Wm. Bargoau, Louis. B Barker, A. Barman, Fred. Barnes, H. M. Barry, A. ■Mi'&Mi^'i^^ 'I'.fc'SSer Hn . _..-, 1 I . r. ' t^' i - jt^m COUNTY. BEAKD'S directory of MARQUETTE COUNTY. 151 E. by fire, in June, we give the adult in August, as an and resources of unsettled state of occupation of all to state what they io not wish to be 3f idlers, far from ill is life, activity er, board'g house, ion. B. L. J. CLEVELAND'S EUREKA OINTME^NT CURES ALL KINDS OF SORES ON AND ALL SWELLINGS CAUSED BY Huvts^ Sprains or Bruises. , » ^ § ■» — ... . - ■■' CORNS.— It virtually euros corns in twenty-four hour*, relievinn all pain and sore- ness, and effectually cures In ten days. , - . , J 11 1 ■ J n. MOSQUITO BITES.— It cures mosoulto. insect and fly biles, and all kinds i)f bee atinua in one to twelve hours, and keeps them off. CHILBLAINS.— It cures chilblains in three to five days. LAM K BACK.— It cures lame back in three to ten days. , , . . UURNS.--It Ukos all soreness out of burns in twelve to twenty-four hours and heals very taat. SCALDS.— The same as burns. SORE rilROAT.-Itrplievesall pain in one night. SWBELLED FACE.-U relieves the pain m one to twenty-four h,)ar8. CUTS AND WOUNDS.— It takes out the soreness m tour to forty-eight hours. BOILS.— It takes out pain in boils in six to twelve hours and cures in 3 to 5 dayi- KELONS.— Same as boils on!v longer to cure them. .. . ^t SORE EYES cured in 5 to 10 days. Put the ointment around the eye not m the eye. FKOST BITES cured in five to ten days. ... , j PILES cured in seven to eightaon days. Use a small syringe twice a day. •\!1UPPED HANDS cured in four or Hve days. CHAFES and OALLS o( any kind cured in twelve to forty-eight hours. NKURALOIA cured in three to ten da.vo. EAR ACHE cured in fifteen minutes to three hours. SCRATCHES cured in three to eight days. SPEED CRACKS.— Same as scratches. OREASED UKEL cured in ten to eighteen days. „,,„,, „ u oi,.„-, ntA Itoh Sourvey, Ring Worms, Scrofula. Fever Sores. Poll Evil, Salt Rhenm, Old Sores and Erysipelas cured in two to twelve weeks. Apply the ointment in any way most cii enient and not hurt the sore or part affected. In case of sores where there is swelling, get it all over the swelling as well as the sore. It does not smart any sore. For corns, pare them every aigbt, (n jt hurt them) for eight or ten nights and they will disappear. TESTIMONIALS PEOM THE TOLLOWINCl PASTIES : David Hall. Veterinary Surgeon, Ishpeming. Mich; A. E. McDonald, foreman Spurr .Mountain Mine Stable, Spurr Mountain, Mich-: B. F. Reed, foreman m Miohiganirae Mine Stable, .Miohigaiume. Mich. ; Win. Watkins, foiem«n in Chaui- . Pion Furnace Stable, Champion. .Mich.; A. W. Wheat, foreaian in tinma Mine Stable, Cascade. Mich.; Robert Parker, foreman in '^hampion Mine Stable, Cham- pion Miah. : Frederick Lamsoii, foromim in Washingion Mine Stable, Uumboldt. Mich.; Joseph French, foreman in Barnum Mine Stable, Isnpeming. Mich. ; t^lem. (3onyo, foreman in Livery Stable, Ivhpeming, .Mich. ; R. McMillan & Co., Lumber- men, Ushkosh, Wis. ; J. B. MoCuiuber, Fond du Lac. Wis. x y„^,*finf-^'-'^'~'Tf, COUNTY iwu i u iii ij ^i' M i i i' inr i! f*r- r Michigamme and old stand, and of beard's DIllECTORY OF MABQCETTE COUNTY. 153 Bastedo, Jas. Bauman, A. J. Bayden, E. S. Bayle, Jno. Beard, H'^.nry. Beckman, Andrew. Beckinan, Chas. Bellmau, E. Beng, L. E. Bennie, Geo. Benson, S. Bergstrom, G. Betsberg, H. E. Blodget, E. L. Blomquest, A. Bloom, Wm. Blum, Jno. P. Bodeau, A. Bonely, H. Botaford, L. Bour, Jos. Call, Jas. Campbell, Robt. Camaran, Jno. Canestrang, C. Cansgo, M. T. Careaon, A. W. Carinaugh, G. Carpib, Kee M. Carg, Eph. Cary, Jno. Chapman, L. P. Christiansen, C. Christiansen, H. C. Christiansen, T. Bourgo, Frank. Bournett, Oliver «k Bros., gro- cers and liquors. Boushan, J. Breraan, Jno. Bright, M. Brooks, Wm. Brown, Edgar, Brown, F. Brown, Jno. Brown, Nelson. Brown, Saml. Burdamis, E. Burdamis, Wm. Burk, Frauk. Burns, David. Butler, Chas. Butler, Jas. Butler, M. Bvland, Jno. Christoosen, A. Cleveland, L. J. Clifford, M. Coakly, I., saloon. Coakly, Morris. Cole, B. H. Coleman, Peter. Cogins, M. Conners, M. Cook, Smith. Coon, Jas. Coughlin, Jno. Coyle, J. P. Craig, Chas. . * ^ n » V iiii^Wttjj l u. ii .j Kj ii i i f. ij M jtiii i ;j. »?'jjir 156 beard's DIIIECTORY OF MARQUBnTE COUNTY. Hathaway, J. D. Haulaby, A. A. Haydcn, J. J. Hays, John. Haysler, John. Henderson, Chas. Herrin, Morris. Hickley, John. Hindle, Walter. Hitchcock, E. Hoalden, N. Holland, D. Holland & Bcott, hardware. Halm, John. Holmes, J. J. Hooper, John. Hooper, Thos. Hooven, A. Hopkins, Martin. Hopkins, Peter. Houglin, Chu8. Houghton, Jacob, sup't. Michi- gammi Mine. Howe, Thos. Harley, D. Idell, A. G. Isaacs, Peter. Isaacson, E. Jacobson, J. Jacobson, M. Jack, Thomas, Jackson, John. Jackson, L. James, H. C. Jant, Charles. Jenkins, F. G. Jercan, Isaac. Jereuson, C. Jewell, Henry, engineer. Jewsberg, A. Johannasen, A. Johns, Wm. blacksmith. Johnson, A. Kelly, E. Kelly, M. Johnson, Andrew. Johnson, A. L. boarding house. Johnson, A. W. Johnson, C. Johnson, Chas. boarding house. Johnson, E. S. Johnson, Henry. Johnson, John. Johnson, L. Johnson, Ole. Johnson, Peter. Johnson, Swan. Johnston, Joseph. Jolder, E. Jones, P. K Kennefick, J. Kennefick, P. , -.0.. MpiwmwiPMtn J, Bup't. Michi- w. boarding house, boarding house. beabd'h dikeotory op mabquettk county. 157 Kerr, John. Kindstraud, C. King, A. King, Joseph. King, Mark. King, O. King, Lamb. Kinney, S. Ladue, P. E. Lagreen, A. T. Lally, James, bearing house and saloon. Lamb, Henry. Lamb, John. Lambert, Charles. Lamene, Peter. Lapimere, L. Lame, C. Lavene, Frank, board'g house. Lawson, Andrew. Lawson, C. Lawson, E. Lawson, E. Q. Lawson, John. Limburger. Joseph. Liucour Arcale. Lindahl, O. P. Lindenstreth, O. Linn, John. Lockhart, J. Lombake, T. Longreen, John. Lovejoy, H. B. Ludwick, John. Lundberg, 8. Lynch, Frank. Lynch, George. Lynch, J. L. Magean, Jos. Magnosen, John. Malmberg, L. Malone, John. Maloney, J. S. Maloney, D. Malvern, Norris. Malvy, Austin. Marsh, H. P. Marshall, Thos. Martin, Jos. Maxou, Geo. M^yham, E. C. M Mayham, F. K. McAllister, Wm. McCrimmon, John. McCuin, Geo. McCumber, G. H. McCumber, J. R. McDonald, A. McDonald, D. McGraw, Jas. McGregor, Henry. McKennon, A. McKenzie, H. McLean, Wm. ,, i ^j i ^ - ^r s fi}^ ^- i' ■»i*>-* - ! ni tff j )fc^ -*-^ 158 BEARD'h DIREOTOIIY OF MABQOETTE COUNTY. McLean. W. H. McMahon, J. McPhee, John. McTige, J 08. Meekin, James. Melene, Peter. Merry, Joe. Mikner, Wm. Miller, A. W. Mills, D. Mitchel, A. Mitchel, J. 8. Monahan, M. Monahan, P. Moore, Hugh. Morin, J. Morris, John. Morrisey, M. Morrow, Morris. Mower, H. E. Mulbar, £. Mullen, B. Munck, A. Murphy, John. Murphy, Henry. Murphy, Hugh. Murrey, John. Murrey, 8. T. Murrey, W. J. Myers, A. Myers, E, Myers, J. Neddo, Peter. Neice, Lew. Nekle, F. Nelson, Fred. Nelson, Henry. Nelson, Peter. Neunent, Max. N Nilson, A. Nolen, H. O. Nord, lohn. Nord, S. Norman, N. T. Nostrum, G. Numan, John. Obie, D. Obirg, C. E. Okestroni, H. Olsen, A. Olsen, Andrew. Olsen, Charles. Olsen, H. Olsen, J. Olsen, Martin. Olsen, N. Olsen, Ole. Olsen, S. Ollrick, William. O'Neil, James. Osmensen, P. OuUette, H. J. t^^i 1 ! . m jililMim ^sit-. * -yJ *■=.« I i 1. beard'h dibectoby of mamquette county. 15 p ParkiB, W. 0. Peterson, John. Perry, 8. Peterson, M. Peters, D, Peterson, Nils. Peterson, A. Pierce, P. Peterson, Andrew. Pierce, Richard. Peterson, Anton. Pinzie, Leon. Peterson, Ans. Pippin, P. saloon and b. house. Peterson, C. Piquette, J. Peterson, C. F. Plock, Geo. saloon. Peterson, E. Pollack, D. W. Peterson, G. Porter Frank. Peterson, Gust. Pouliat, 0. Peterson, J. Powers, John. Peterson, Jas. Prout, Jas. Q Quilty, A. Quirk, James. | Quilty, Michael. R 1 Randell, David. Roberts, A. W. | Eeady. E. Roberts, Jos. Reed, M. Rock, Henry. Reid, B. F. Rock, J. W. Rexter, Ole. Rogers, John. Reynolds, Jas. Rondguest, M. Richards, E. Rosengreen, T. Richardson, B. W. Ross, John. Richster, Chas. Ross, P. Riley, John. Ross, R. Ringwood, John. Ryan, P. Riopel, Dennis. Ryan, Thos. Riopel, G. ,. ^w■-*■to«-.^M^te4tlij'Li^MafA^^tr^^■nr^»i^'^^ m^ -t ^ ii^i^m^ixt ^ ifm uv IG'I beabd's dibeovorv: of mabquette county. Saleberry, Fred. feaies, John, feandstrom, Fritz, fiuqu'^ot, A. Sanquest, J. SautHang, Samuel. Santg, PhilJp. Sanstorf, J. Sawyer, Chaa. S Smith, Johr. Smith, Richard. Smitii, Samuel. Soderberg, S. E. Southcombe, Wm. Spr>^tley, G. Standenmaicr, J. boots & abof ~. Stevens, E. I . Stuvena, H. C. Justice of Peace. Sawyer & Snavely, proprieiora St. Amene, R. Adams House. St. German, Peter. Scaalan, Jas. Stoddard, F. S Schafer, F. Stonlone, Eli. Scheizer, Louis. Stout, Ed. Scully, Michael. Strait, J. Senthany & Neddo, jewelry, Stremberg, J. liquors and cigars. Settler, Jas. Seymour, Chas. Seymour, J. J. Shaffer, Jacob. Shea, C. Shea, John. Stepham, M. Shields, John. Sheron, John Shoulderbaeh, S. E. Simuer, Henry, Simon, Perval. Simons, N. Sinclair, Robt. Smith, Jas. Strom bach, John, saloon. Sul'"van, M. T. hotel and hitloon. Suiiivan, T. Sullivan, Wm. Sundberg, Frank. Sutherland, J. A. Swallen, John. Swan, John. Swanson, A. M. Swansea , C. Swanson, G. Swavely, G. A. Swellin, B. Swenderson, P. Swereason, C. Swerenson, J, Taylor, F. Tersmach, Charles. Theber, Adnrew. TibbittB, J. boarding house. ,.jf^-.,c-^^.. -JA*w.-.E.mpany. Champion Furnaoe Company. Doty, L. H., Postmaster, CLARKSBURG. Amerman, A. S., physician. Colwell, H. J., superintendent Michigan Iron Company. Diilong, E., general store. Ferray, John, druggist. Kaiser, John, jeweler. GREENWOOD. Michigan Iron Co., manufacture pig iron, and general store. yz^^^v,i«^i. ''''^"^■■ii Uompany. sneral store. ■fc.fc^.„. ■Ji'fcAii. EARLY HISTORY LAKE SUPERIOR SKETCH OF THE EABLY EXPLORATIONS, WITH A NOTICE OF THE MISSIONARIES AND THEIH LABORS. BY C. 1. WALKER. It is now more than two centviriK? since civilized men penetrated the vast solitudes of the region of Lake Superior. The history of the early explorations, missions, and settle- ments in this region is full of deep, romantic, and sometimeo tragic interest The particular site on which has sprung up the city of Marquette was not early brought into prominence. There were here no trading posts, missions, stations, or settle- ments, but Marquette has outstripped its elder sisters, and is now the metropolis of Lake Superior. In population, wealth, and business, and in its means of communication, it is far in advance of any other point upon the lake ; and in a work devoted to this particular locality, it is eminently appropriate that there should be a reference to the early history of the whole region of witieh it is now the metropolis and principal city, mill a reverent tribute to the men who here first planted the i^'.'oSvS and esiTecially to Father Marquette from whom it derived its name. From the time when the footstejis of the white man. first penetrated the forests of our commonwealth, until the power of France on our continent was terminated by the victory of Wolf on the plains of Abraham, the entire teiritory of Michigan was under the undisputed dominion of France. And virtually it remained a part of Canada until 1796, when, under the pro- m ':^^\ i I ' isj^'" iiiiii. i i T . ni . ^ i i i .|i. i iM|if^i]i«»» ii 'Mi ii n(in iii H) y i i ii iii ii im}m ii n l ll l tt 166 EABLY HISTORY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. visions of Jay's treaty, it was surrendered to the \ iiited States. From France we received our first laws, om original social polity, our early religious character. And althinigii the wave of Anglo-Saxon immigration has. within a half of a century, rolled in upon us a population of more than a million, it has not oblfterated, and it is to be hoped it never will obliterate, the clear and distinct influence upon our social character, of the era of French dominion. We may not forget, we should ever be proud to remember, that, for the first century of its existence, the metropolis of our State, the " City of the Straits," was essentially French in all ita characteristics. MISSIONS. We should never forget that the pioneers of civilization and Christianity, along the shores of the noble rivers and mighty lakes that form the boundaries of our State, weie the French Jesuits. These men, with a firm step and intrepid mien, in the face of dangers, toils, sacrifices and suflerings, which no language can portray, and no imagination adequately conceive, bore aloft the torch of christian truth, amidst the moral darkness and desola- tion tha*; here reigned in terrible and savage grandeur. And, sustained by a mental and moral discipline, known to few save the followers of Loyalla, and by that unfaltering trust in God, which, thank heaven, is confined to no creed, and to no sect, they met, nay, even welcomed, torture and death with a calm joyousness that finds few parallels in the annals of mankind. The memory of those early Jesuit Missionaries to the Indians has been embalmed in the glowing pages of Bancroft. It may not be inappropriate or uninteresting to enter some- what more into detail in relation to their labors upon the shores of Lake Superior. Quebec waa founded by Champlain in 1608. In 1615 the first priests (Recollects) arrived. They were reinforced in 1620, aud in 1625 some Jesuits arrived. But these all returned to France in 1629 on the mpture of Quebec by the English. But in 1683, when Champlain returned to his government he brought with him Brebeuf and another priest aak'Mm wiWMU1iia»itfafth*ft*W T-Vl EABLY HISTORY OF LAKE 80PEBI0B. 167 'iited States, (■igin^i social fji the wave |f a century, )n, it haa not )Iiterate, the Jr, of the era o remember, polls of our ''reach in all ilization and i and mighty the French in the face of language can tore aloft the I and desola- ideur. And, 1 to few save rust in God, d to no sect, with a calm mankind. } the Indians oft. ' enter some- )n the shores [n 1615 the ■ced in 1620, returned to the English, rernment he Before this perio.l (1638) but little progress had been made in the conversion of the Indians. The Hurons were the first nation that cordially opened their hearts to the reception of Christian truth. They occupied a somewhat anomalous position in relation to ^he two great divisions, into which the Indians, bordering on the St. Lawrence and its tributaries, were divided — the Algonquins and the Iroquois. When Jaqucs Cartier ascended' the St. Lawrence in 1534, he found its banks iniiabited by tribes of the great Algonquin race, and at Hocelaga oi Montreal he found a very populous Indian town. When Champlain in 1608 first raised the banner of France on the rock of St. Louis, the Algonquins gathered around him to give him a welcome. He found them the hereditary enemies of their neighbors, the Iroquis, a race with similar habits, but with a radically different language, fewer in numbers and occupying a far less extent of territory. But these disadvantages were more than compensated by their compactness ; by their admirable system of govern- ment ; by their superior prowess, and by their haughty ambition. Occupying a territory but H^tle larger than the State of New York, they arrogantly aspired to become the Romans of this western world ; the arbiteis of peace and war, from the Atlantic to the Mississippi, from the great lakes to the everglades of Florida. Their tomahawks carried terror and destruction into the villages of the peaceful Illinois on the broad prairies of the west, and the fiendlike yells of their war parties were echoed back by the rocks that ranged themseWes along the shores of the mighty lake of the north. THE HURONS. The Hurons, or Wyanduttes, were of the same lingual stock of the Iroquis, and Occupied for a time a kind of neutral posi- tion between the great contestants for aboriginal dominion. They were the intellectual superiors of the Iroquis, without their love of war, or their lust of power. They had gathered in large numbers about Georgian Bay ii'^ftft' wlHWi^V'^* - "" lu i UL ilii i »i .«J| iii>ii JB|.« «>iHipi*iW mmUA •mmmmm. i" \ rtf ' aiii W i i tiii r' ^ii i »^ :i ii iim Si >> ' mUii iii n i wMwiri iiiM iaft ^ u i i" ii ' H I " 1(58 EARLY HIHTOBY OF LAKE SUPEftlOR. and Lake Siracoe, where they sustained themselves by hunting, fishing, and a better system of agriculture than generally pre- vailed among the Indians. The year of the settlement of Quebec, Champlain joinwl an expedition of the Algonquins of the St. Ijawrence into the country of the Iroquis, by way of the beautiful lake that bears his name. From him, in that expedition, those fierce warriors first learned the terrible power of firearms. From that moment they became the bitter enemies of the French, who had thus espoused the cause of their hereditary foes, and at frequent intervals, for a century and a half, the French colonies suffered from their vindictive and cruel wrath. The Hurons, at a very early day, became the fast friends of the French. As early as 1615, lather Carron visited them, on an embassy of peace and love. And from 1622 to 1625, the Recollects had a mission among them. On the arrival of the Jesuits, they commenced their labors among the Hurons, — labors that were to have so tragic an end. Brebeuf acquired a knowledge of their language and man- ners, and was adopted into their nation. By the conquest of Canada, 1629, the mission was broken up. But on the restoration of th^pFrench power, in 1633, it was renewed with increased zeal and numbers. Then villages were reached by the circuitous, laborious and dangerous route of the Ottawa river, the more direct route being through a country where the Iroquois were found upon the war path. The journey was replete with difiiculties, hardships and dan- gers, — reaching for 300 leagues through dense forests. The rivers were full of rocks and waterfalls, and the missionaries were compelled to ply the paddle, to draw the canoe over rapids, and 10 carry heavy burdens over roughest portages. Food was scarce, and the Indians unfriendly. But after severe toil and intense suffering, the sacred envoys, Brebeuf and Daniel, reach the heart of the Huron wilderness, and commence their labors, soon to be followed by the gentle Lailemant, and many others. Here, for fifteen years, with calm, impassive courage, and '.(W by hunting, enerally pre- lin joined an ace into the ce that bears erce warriors emies of the ir hereditary 1 a half, the cruel wrath, ast friends of ted them, on to 1625, the 1 their labors ragic an end. ge and man- 1 was broken a 1633, it was villages were I route of the gh a country tiips and dan- forests. The i missionaries )e over rapids, I. f. But after , Brebeuf and ind commence allemant, and courage, and EARLY HISTORY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. IGJ) wearied patience, the Jesuits continued their self-denying labors, in the midst of privations, peril, suffering, insult, contumely and dttiigera the most imminent, the details of which would make a volume of thrilling interest. The arm of French power had not yet taught the savages the sacred character ol the " Black Coats," a« the Jesuits were tailed, to distinguish them from the Recollects, or " Grey Coats." The medicine men of the Indians, feeling that their craft was in danger, spared no opportunity to arouse against the missiona- ries savage hate. Misfortune, sickness aud death were all charged upon them, as the fruit of their prayers and ceremonies, and the baptism of a dying infant was sometimes a source of imminent danger. To avoid this they often resorted to stratagem. Father Pigart, being rudely repulsed from a cabin, whose iumates re- fused to have a dying infant baptised, offers to the little sufferer a piece of sugar, and unperceived, though watched, pressed from a wet cloth a drop of holy watc* upon its ftvtred brow. But ultimately the patience and loving perseverance of the Missionaries overcame all opposition, and the Huron nation received the truth. But the kour of their destruction waa at hand. The terrible Iroquis came down upon them like a wolf upon the fold. In July, 1648, at early dawn, while the men were mostly absent on a hunting expedition, the populous town of Te-an-an- sta-que was aroused by the fearful war cry of the Iroquois. The few defenders rally at the feeble palisades, encouraged by the Godly father Daniel. Hastily, as if the salvation of souls hung on each flying moment, he confesses, baptizes by aspersion, pronounces a general absolution, and flies to the chapel where many of his flock have gathered for safety. He does the same there, exhorts them to flee from the rear of the building, while he bodly opens the front door and faces the approaching foe, to give a moment's time to his flying flock. They recoil at the brave man's presence ; but soon they rally ; his body is pierced with arrows, a fatal bullet finishes the work. ■ w. 1 p ^. 1 |foi tii i J ■"MMMUlillfNfiM 170 EABLY HI8TOBY OF liAKE HI I'FKIOli. He fallo, — breathing the name ofJesua, and hiH body is < ist iuu, the fire made by his burning chapel. The following year, in March, other townH fell. The brave and noble Brebeuf and the gentle and loving Gabriel Ln' inant met death by tortures, that only demons could invent or demons inflict. The whole annaln of martyrdom scarwiy afford a pfirallfl, either in the ingenious cruelty of the tormentors, or in the wonderful fortitude and heroism of the victims. The Huron nation was destroyed. Many perished by the hand of the enemy ; others submitted and became incor[)orated to their tribes. Another portion settled near Quebec, and a .mil fraction, consisting of 600 or 800 fled, first to the Mana- toulin Islands, thence to Mackinaw, and from thence to Bay de Noquet. And when the mission at La Point was established in 1666, they gathered ^iround the standard of the cross, erected by Father Alloney. Driven thence by the Dacotahs, they were eetablished at Mackinaw by Marquette, in 1671. When Detroit was founded in 1701, they removed to this poi.nt. In 1751 they mostly removed to Sandusky, and subse- quently, by the name of Wyandottes, took an active and con- spicuous part, on the side of the British in the war of the Revolution. They have been, since their dispersion, wanderers without territory of their own, depending for a home, upon the hospitality of other nr ons. FIRST VISIT TO LAKE SUPERIOR. It was from the Huron mission, that the first Mis- nary explorers were sent forth to examine the moral desolation of our own territory. At a feast of the dead, held in Huronia, in early summer 1641, there were in attendance a delegation from the Chippewas of Sault St. Marie. The Missionaries, with that skill which was peculiar to them, soon ingratiated themselves into their favor and were cordially invited to return with them to their homes, on the confines of the "great lake," the charms of which they depicted in glowing colors. itBiBi^iBii ?.«B.J^3taKat^,a.».. RARLY HIHTORY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 171 1 ily is cast inUi The brave riel Ln' iiiant ent or dfinons (1 a |i!irallf'l, irrJ, or iu the riHhed by the e incorporated Quebec, and a t to the Mana- nc6 to Bay de I established in rosa, erected by ihs, they were emoved to this iky, and subse- ictive and con- he war of the sion, wanderers home, upon the R. iirst Mis- mary esolation of our urouia, in early Ration from the 3culiar to them, I were cordially the confines of cted in glowing The MiMsionariefi, ever anxious to extend the dominion of the cross, joyfully accepted the invitation. Charles Raymbault, a father, thoroughly versed in the .\lgonquin language and customs, and Isaac Joques, equally familiar with the Huron, were selected. These men were the tir^t who planted the cross within the limits of our State. On the 17th of Juno, 1641, they started upon their adven- turous vo3'age. For sevenleen days, they plied the paddle on the clear waters of the Northern lakes, and through the channel uf the 8t. Mary's River gemmed by a thousand beautiful islands. They were kindly ami honpitably received by the Chippewas ut the 8ault, who urged them to remain with them, that they might profit by their w^rds. They told them of the " Great Lake," of the fierce Dacotahs, and of numerous other tribes, of whom the fathers had never before heard. But they were compelled to relum, and after planting the cross, they left, hoping soon !> be ab. to establish a mission at this promiiiiing point among the docile Chippewas. Raymbault died with consumption the following year, and Jaques met a martyr's death among the Iroquois. No further attempt was made to send the gospel to the great Northwest, until 1656. After the destruction of the Hurons, thi' Iroquois ranged in proud and haughty triumph, from Lake Erie to Lake Superior. Upper (Janada was desolation, and even the route by the Ottawa river was not safe from tlie war parties of these bold marauders. During this year, some Ottawaa made their way to the St. Lawrence. Two missionaries left to return with them, one, the celebrated and devoted Dreuilletts. They were attacked by the Iroquois. Father Garreau was mortally wounded, and Dreu- illettes brutally abandoned. Another company of Ottawas and other Algonqiiins, appeared at Quebec iu 1(560, and a.sked for a missionary Mia.sion» had now received a fresh impulse from the pious Levulle, the first bishop of Quebec, who came out in 1659. ii m t -I I Mil I II 1 19 172 EAKLY HIHTOBY OK I,AKR Hri'EniOR. FATHER ME8NARD. Father Mt«nar ^^^^H^tt^^^^^^B m m Sti<:sslBiasSS!^S!SIBm>'^.' | i Mt lti^ 'l | 1^IH l |i ^ t i >yn; ii 'j 174 EARLY HrSTOBY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. () the wailing of the chldren ! () the anguish of the women 1 Ail t'.ie earth waA nick and fa.aished, Hungry was the air around them ; Hungry was the sljy above them ; 'lUd the hungry stars in heaven, Like the eyes of wolves, glared at them." Yet, the good father found sources of consolation even here, and desired not to be taken down from the adorable wood. A few adults listened to his words of love, and some dying infants were baptized. Spring came and relieved the pressure of physical suffering, and hopefully did the missionary labor on. The band of partially christianized Hurons, — who, on the destruction of their nation, had sought refuge from the Iroquois in these northern fastnesses, — were now at Bay de Noquet ; and they sent for Father Mesnard to come and administer to them the rites of religion. It was a call he could not resist, although warned that the toil of the journey was too great for his failing strength, and that dangers beset his path. He replied, " God calls me thither, I must go, if it costs me my life." He started ; but on the 10th of August, 1661, while his only attendant was getting the canoe over a portage, he wandered into t' .. forest, and was never seen more. Whether he took a wrong path and was lost in the wood, or whether some straggling Indian struck him down, was never known. Thus ended the life of Father Mesnard, the first christian mis- Monary who labored within the bounds of our commonwealth. Although possessed of no striking qualities, yet, by his fervent piety, by his faithful and incessant toil ; by his calm endurance, of hardship and suffering ; by his noble christian courage ; by his earnest faith and christian hope, he had become one of the ruoat useful missionaries in the nev world ; commanding the respect of his superiors, the love of his equals, and the veneration of the Indians, As a pioneer in '^ur own State, Michigan should cherish liis memory, and seek to perpetuate a knowledge of his virtues. But F,ABI.Y HISTORY OF LAKE 8UPEBI0B. 175 even here, ood. [)mo dying suffering, ho, on the le Iroquois )quet ; and o them the , although his failing ied, "God ile his only ) wandered e wood, or was never 'istian mis- lonwealth. lis fervent ;ndurance, ge ; by hia >f the most le respect tion of the herish his ues. But as yet, not a stream, not a bay, not a headland, bears his honored name ; and on the shores of the great lake where he first raised the cross, that emblem of our faith, even his existence is hardly known. Hardships, discouragements, persecutions and death, seemed only to excite the Jesuits to renewed and more energetic effort to carry the gospel to the poor Indian. FATHER ALLOUEZ. In 16Q^, Claude Allouez left Quebec to commecce a chris- tian mission on the shores of Lake Superior. He may well be called the founder of uorthwastern missions ; the real pioneer of Christianity and civilization in the region bordering on the great northern and western lakes. He bad not that cultivated intellect ; that refined taste ; that genial heart ; that elevation of soul ; that forgetfulness of self; that freedom from exaggeration, that distinguished father Mar- quette ; but he was a strong character, of dauntless courage ; of ceaseless and untiriug energy ; full of zeal ; thoroughly acquainted with the Indian character, and eminently a practical man. For a full quarter of a century, he was the life and soul of the mis- sionary enterprise in Wisconsin and Illinois, and to some extent, Michigan. On his voyage to the Sault, he was subjected, — as was gener- ally the case with the missionaries until the arm of French power was distinctly felt in those remote regions, — to the keenest insult and to the coarsest brutality from his Indian conductors. He reached the Sault early in September. He passed on beyond. For a whole month he coasted along the shores of the Great Lake, which he named de Tracy, in honor of the Marquis de Tracy, then in command of Canada as governor, and in October, at Chegonnegon, the beautiful La Point of our day, he raised the standard of the cross, and boldly preached its doc- trines. The Hurons, in search of whom father Mesnard lost his life, iome of the couvorts of father Mesnard, and many heathnn bands, gathered around the solitary priest, and listened to his m i 170 EAKLY HIHTOBY OP LAKE SUPERIOR. words ; yet they opened not their hearts readily to "the prayer." He visited remote tribes, and after seeing how broad was the harvest, and how ripe for the sickle, he descended, in 1667, to Quebec, for more laborers. Quickly he moved ; promptly he acted. In two days after Ir.s arrival, he was on his way back to his beautiful northern field, with an additional priest and a lay brother in his company. He remained at La Point until father Marquette took his place, in the fail of 1679, when he founded the mission of St, Francs Xavier at Green Bay. After father Mnrquette'n death, he succeeded him in the Illinois mission, and aftorward.s founded the mission of St. Joseph, on onr own beautiful river of that name. It does J-iot fall in witl; cue pisrpose to trace the intereUing career of this man, and point out his abundant labors and Uintir- ing zeal as a roiasioaary, or his valuable services an an explorer ; for our own soil vras but incidentally the field of his efforts, FATIIETR M \RQl' ETTE. But of all the meti, whose names are connected with the; early history of I/ake Superior, thers is iioae toward whom we turn with so warm a love and feo high a veneration as to James Marquetf*. Ilia cultivated mind, his refined taste, his warm and genial nature, Ida temdet love for the «ouls in his charge, his calm and immovable courage in everf hour of danger, his cheerful sub- mission to the little privations and keen svifferiug attending the missionary life, bis important discoveries, his devotion to truth, his catholic spirit, and liwit but not least, 'lji,s early, calm, joyous and heroic death, ail entitle him to that high pi ace in the regard of posterity which his memcfy ha,8 beeji slowly, but surely acquiring- Marquette was born in 1637. He was of gentb; blood, hav-.iig descended from the roofit notable family in the small, but ancient and stately city of Leon, in the north (tf France. Tht) family havo for centuries, been eminent for s, dovotioji UMl mmiitamtaaicmumiiumiiiiMimMiiimtmiam ;he prayer." oad was the in 1667, to ironaptly he back to his , ami a lay :te took his iasion of St. hiiu in the ssion of St. 3 intereiting i'8 and uiiitir- 111 explorer ; efforts, itli the early lom we turn is to James I and geoDial lis calia and iieerful sub- .ttending the Jon to truth, calm, joyous II the regard but surely lenth; blood, he small, but aiice. r e, devotion KAltLV HlSTOitX OF LAKE SLU'KiaOU. 177 to military life, and three of its memlxsra shed their blood ufmu our own soil during the war of the Riivolution. Through the iii.struetions of a pious mother,, he became, at an early age, imbued with an eanief*t dessire to devote hiaibelf to a religious life. At the age of weventeen he renounced the allurements of liie world, and entered tlie Bociety of Jesus. ,\8 required by the rules of the oider^ he spent two year? in tho.se spiritual exercisra proscribed by their great founder. Then, for ten king years, lie remained under tlie remarkable training and leachiug of the urder, and aL-cjuired that wonderful .self-control, that quiet repose, that power of calm endurance, that unquestioning obedience to hi.s superiors ; thut thirst for trial, sutfej'ing and (ifutli that marked the Jesuits in this, the gohlen age of their pOWlT, III' took for hisi lU'idel in life the great Xavier, and, like liim, longed to des'ote his (iayft to the convei-sion of the heathen, and like him, to die in (he midst ol Id.-, lahon, in a foreign laud, alone. Although he had not that joyous hilarity of soul; that gay huoyancy of spirit ; and tlmt vi/oiiderful pc»wer over men, tliat .■^'j distinguished the Aj'ioslle to tlie Indira ; yet, he had nuich of Uiat Hweet)ie.ss of disposition, that genial temporament., that facile a(i;.ipt,ation to cir(!Uin.^lftrice.4, that depth of love., and that apostolic /;eal vt^hieh behniged to that wonderful man. Panting fir a missionary life, My.rqiiette, «,fc the age of ivvealy-nine siiJed fior New France, which he reached i-teptember 20, 16()0. Early in October, he was placed imc^er the tuition of the celebrated Father Drenilletle at " Three Eivei*" U) learn the native language. After a year and a half of pfapzratUm, be left for the Sault >'t. Mary to plant the first permaaeicit inisi-iion and settlement witliin the bounds of our State. Th(5re were then about 2,000 }:&di;5.n/i at this point; the liicilinr with which they <;ould live by fishing, niakiag it one of rhe most populous pla.'es in Indian territniry. fltilSKHIW itH^«e%'«i£iiHia$iie£sitQB«Aift^%wni«MHWti.iQni i^ii,t-j»**U.w>«^ ;■ .* >>ytiwiiiA-^t-),,.t i » r * '\n n wkm mii ti f i f f ^ ITS KAliLY aiNTOHY OF LAKE SUPfiUIOB. They were Algonquin?, mostly Chippeways, and received the teachings of the good father with great docility, and would gladly have been baptized, but the wise and cautious missionary withhold the rite until he could olearly instruct them in ciiristian duty. In the following year, he was joined by Father Dablou, when the first ciiristian church on Michigan soil was erected. But he was not long to remain in thia first field of his labors. In obedience to ordei-s iVom hi.s superiors, in the fall of 1609 he went to La Pointe, to take the place of Allouez, who proceeded to found a mission at Green Bay. For a whole month, through much suffering and in constant peril of hia life, he coa.-^ted along the shore.s of J^ake Superior, contending with fierce winds, ice and snow. At La Point, he found 400 or -500 Huronf<; a company of Ottawas and some other tribes. The Hurons had mostly been baptized; and, he isaya "still pre.ierve some Christianity." " Other tribco," to use his own language, " were proud and undeveloped " and he had so little hope of them that he did not baptize healthy infanta, watchinj,' only for those that were sick. It was only after long months of trial that he baptized the first adult, i,fter seeing his assiduity in prayer, his frankness in recounting his past life, and his promises for the future. Here an Illinois captive was given to him, and he imme- diately commenced to learn the language from this rude teacher, and as he gradually acquired a knowledge of it, his loving heart warmed towards the kind hearted and peaceful nation, and he longed to breuk to them the bread of life. " No one," he exclaims, " must hope to escape crosses in our missions, and the best means to live happy is not to fear them ; but ia the enjoyment of little crosses hope for others atill greater. The Illinois desire us, like Indian:;, to share their miseries and suffer all that can be imagined in barbarism. They are lost sheep, to be sought through woods and thorn.s." Here it was, in the heart of this Northern winter, surrounded by his Indians, talking in a broken manner with his Illinois captive, that he conceived the idea of a voyage of discovery. '^''^^uSiTn^mummxafn^r. W)''- EARLY HlflTOBY OP LAKE SUTEUIOB. 179 received the and would missionary t thera in i by Father itan soil was field of his in the fall of A.llouez, who ''or a whole ■il of hia life, tending with company of K; .says 'still use his own had so little int«, watching I baptized the i frankness in uture. ^nd he immc- I rude teacher, 8 loving heart ation, and he crosses in our to fear them ; '8 still greater. ' miseries and They are lost er, surrounded ,h his Illinois of discovery. He hears of a great river, the Mississippi, whose course is southward. He says, this great river can hardly empty into Virginia, and we rather believe that its mouth is in California. He rejoict* in the prospect of seeking for this unknown stream, with one Frenchman and this Illinois captive as his only companions, if the Indians will, according to their agreement, make him a canoe. This discovery, he aay.s, will give us a complete knowledge of the southern and we.'jtern sea. But his further labors at La Pointe and his pian.s of present discovery were suddenly terminated by the breaking out of war. The fierce Dacot^hs, tiiose Iroquois of the West, who inspired the feeb'-' tribes about them with an overpowering avre, thieatened to det ' 'e the region of La Pointe. The Otiawas fii-st left, and then the Hurons, who soenjcd destinod to be wanderers upon the face of the earth without a spot they could cull their own, turned their faces to the east. Their hearts fondly yearned for that delightful home, from which they had been so cruelly driven iwonty year,} before. And we may well imagine that the devoted missionary longed to labor in that field, made sa'red by the blood of Daniel, Brebeuf, Lallemant, and others. But the dreaded Iroquois were too near and too dangerous neighbors for such an experiment, and with their missionnry at their head, they selected for their home the point known as St. Ignace, opposite Mackinaw. Bleak, barren and inhospitable as was this spo*, it had some peculiar and compensatory advantages. It abounded with fish, and was on the great highway of a growing Indian commerce. Here, in the summer of 1671, a rude church, made of logs, and covered with bark, was erected, and about it clustered the stiil ruder cabins of the Hurons. Near the cha^wl and inclosing the cabins was erected a palisade to defend the little colony against the attacks of predatory Indians. Thus did Marquette become the founder of Mackinaw, as he had before been of Sault St. Mary. Some of the Hurons wore still idolaters, and the Indians were weak and wayward, but ho looked upon them with parental love. Jl mii /> . •i&iM*lg*\i^,iaux. . ^^-.i '■* y i t» wi* . ^ - i ^ai^^--imi i/ i0^^^'^ ii ^iV ii J ^ ' i f^ 180 EABLY HIBTOBY OF LAKE SPPEBIOB. " They have," he writes, in 1672, " come regularly to prayers and have listened more readily to the instructions I gave them, consenting to what I required :o prevent theirdisorders ana abomi- nations. We must have patience with untutored minds who know only the devil ; who, like their ancestors, have been his slaves, and who often relapse into the sins in which they were nurtiii?d." " God alone can fix their feeble minds and place and keep them in his grace, and touch their heart while we stammer at their ears." A large colony of Ottawas, located near the mission, although intractable, received his faithful and Ibving a'tention, thus, " stammering at their ears," and trusting that God would reach the heart, the good father, through privation, suffering and inces- sant toil, subjected to every caprice, insult and petty persecution, labored for two years, cheered by the privilege of occasionally baptising a dying infant, and rejoicing in a simple, mournful, loving faith in its death. Hearing of a sick infant, he says, " I went at once and baptized it, and it died the next night. Some of the othev children, too, are dead, and are now in heaven. These are the consolations which God sends us, which make us esteem our life more happy as it is more wrotehed." Htre, again, his attention was called to the discovery of the MiHsifisiitpl, which he sought, that new nations might be open to thi' U'i'ImM III peace and good will. Ii: 11 letter to his superior, after speaking of his field of labor, he suv)^ ' I am ready to leave it in the hands of another mis- sionary, and go, on your order, to seek new nations towards the South Sea, wlii) an: M\\\ unkiio\>a to us, luid teach them of our great (iftd, wiiom tliey have hitherto unknown." His fond wishes in this regard were nhout to be gratified. The newi! ol the great river at the westward, running to the southern ssea, had reached the ears of the great Colbert, and through him, of Louis XIV. himself. Tiiey did not lail to see the infinite advantage of dib^overing and possessing this great element of territorial power. The struggle for dominion in America between the English and the French, was then pending. If the English settlements. KABLY HISTORY OF LAKE 8DPEBI0R. 181 y to prayers gave them, s ana abomi- minds who ve been his h they were 18 and place ,rt while we on, although ention, thus, would reach ig and inces- persecution, occaaioually e, mournful, , he says, " I light. Some V in heaven, lich make us 3overy of the It be open to field of labor, another mis- s towards the them of our be gratified, nning to the Colbert, and if disb-iovering er. 1 the English li settlements, then feeble and scattered along the Atlantic coast, couid be hemmed in by a series of French posts, from the " Great Lakes" to tht Southern Sea, France would control the continent, and ambitious schemes of Britain would be nipped in the bud. Colbert authorized the expedition, and was ably seconded by the wise energy and sagacious forecast of Count Frontenac and of Talon, Governor and Inteudant of New France. Jolliet, a young, intelligent and enterprising merchant, of Quebec, and Marquette, were appointed to execute the project. In the fall of 1672, Jolliet arrived at Mackinaw with the joyful news. Marquette had. as he says, long invoked the " blessed virgin" that he might obtain of God the grace to be able to vinit the nations of the Mississippi. He is enraptured at the good news that his desires are about to be gi-atified ; that he is to expose his life for the salvation of those nations, and especially of the Illinois. They were not to leave until spring During that long dreary winter on that desolate point, he spent his leisure time in gathering from the Indians all possible information of the unknown region they were about to visit, and tracing upon the bark of the birch, maps of the courses of rivers, and writing down the names of the nations and tribes inhabiting their banks, and of the villages they should visit. On the 17th of May, 1673, in two bark canoes, manne;"» by five men, and stocked with a small supply of Indian corn and dried venison, the two explorers left Mackinaw. " Our joy at being chosen," says the good father, " for this expedition, roused our courage and sweetened the labor of rowing from morning till night." And merrily over the clear waters of Lake Michigan did they ply the paddle of their light canoe . . " And the forest life wa« in it ; All its mystery and maRic ; All the brightneaa of the birch tree, All the t()iighne«w of the cedar. All the beech's supple sinews, And it floated on the wat»T Like a yellow leaf in autumn, Like a yellow water lily." m mm\ ■3 "jl ■J ¥7 / M n I 7^^ft'^'^'^!h'^fi'1f''^"^*^''■^^"''^^'^-C'Vvyr''^^ ""' ' '""''"" ' ' ''' ' '"" ' ''ft^ i i'^''''" •l .,ii ^ i ) i» n^ . 182 EABLY HI8T0BY OP LAKE SUPERIOR. At Green Bay, the friendly ludiai s did all in their power to prevent the further progress of the ejcpedition. They pictured U) the courageous explorers, the fierce Dacotahs with their long black hair, their eyes of fire, and their terrible toraahawke of stone ; who never spared strangers. They told of the wars then raging, and the war parties on every trail. They described the danger of navigation, of frighu ful rapids and sunken rocks, of fearful monsters that s-vallowed up men and canoes together ; of a cruel demon that ftops the passage and engulfs the navigator who dares to invade his dominion; of excessive heats that would infallibly cause their death. The good father told them that the salvation of souls was concerned, and that in such a cause he would gladly lay down his life ; that of the dangers they described, they had no fear. On went the travelers, toilfully ascending the Fox River, dragging their canoea up the rapids, over sharp stones that lacerated their bleeding and unprotected feet. In ten days ftom leaving Mackinaw, they had passed the portage; had launched their canoes upon the wateis of the Wisconsin and commenced its descent towards the Mississippi. For seven days they floated down its crystal waters. Vine- clad islets, fertile banks, diversified with wood, prairie and hill, alive with deer and moose, delight their vision, but no human being is seen. On the 17th of June, 1673 with joy, " which," says the good father, "I cannot express," they entered the great river, and the longed-for discovery is made, and the " Father of Waters" is given to the civilized world. It is true that De Soto, in that fool-hardy and sadly unfortu- nate expedition, that has added a thrilling chapter to American history, had, 130 years before, discovered the lower Mississippi, but it seems never to have been revisited, and the very knowledge of it had died out. For seven days more the joyous adventurers floated down its broad bosom, following its gentle curves, before they saw a human being. M lir power to py pictured their long lahuwks of parties on , offrighu t H-vallowed it t ■^MrtV^ilUiyHiMMlMia '''"'''""-Tln i f ii il i il iii r i ir i r'^"' 184 KAUIiY IIISTOUY Of I^KK HUl'KUiOK. ptwsod to another village, to visit the chief sachem, the people ran ahead, threw themHelves upon the grass by the wayside, and awaited their coining, then again ran on before in order to got a itecontl and third opportunity to gaze at them. After several days stay with tlii^ kinple yside, and er to got u lumpitublu HH far aa y procetid le 17tl) of id jU8t twu or tl»e first ted at the charming ds, swant), )f seventy- eturu and ti company f- s delightful the known iy not been ^n of Louis history, to (Quebec, aoe, before n a disease jsures. ;o his supe- iiuine mod- ccorapany- id without i. Indeed, vhich were nly to have emselvea to he the most valuable of discoverers, and the most careful of observers. It was not until late in October, 1()74, that Marquette was so far recruited as to attempt to perform his promise to the Illinois. He then left Green Bay with two French voyageurs for his companions, but before he reached Chicago, by the slow process of coasting the shores of a stormy lake, at an inclement season, his disease, a chronic dysentery, returned upon him with its full force. The Hlreanis by which he expected to reach his mission ground were frozen, and ho was too weak to go by land. Here, in this then .solitude, but where now stands a city with over 300,000 inhiibitant.s, uloue with his two voyagers, in a rude cabin which afforded but slender protection from the bitter inclemen- cies of the season, in feeble health, living on the coarsest food, with a consciousness that he vas never to recover, he passed the long winter of 1674-5. He spent much time in devotion, beginning with the exer- cises of St. Ignatius, .saying mass daily, confessing his compan- ions twice a week, and exhorting them, aa his strength allowed. Though earnestly longing to commence his mission amongst his beloved Illinois, yet he was cheerfully resigned to the will of God. After a season of special prayer, that he might so far recover as to take possession of the land of the Illiuois, in the name of Christ, his strength increased, and on the 29th of March, he left his solitary and desolate wintering, >ind in ten days he reached his destination. The Illinois, to the number of six hundred fires, were await- ing his arrival. They received him with unbounded joy, as an angel from heaven, come to teach them the pra3'er. After much private teaching from cabin to cabin, and exhortation to the principal chiefs, he gathered them in grand concourse, and there, on a lovely Apr! day, upon a beautiful open plain, with thou- sands of the ta^trny sons and daughters of the prairie hanging upv>n his lips, tlic dying man preached Christ, and him crucilied. m« persi'.dsive vords were received with univerhi.i approba- .; .:-':..at «««»>..- 1 ■•i m- ■^■NHfl ^iiOi t VbMi IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 |50 '"'■" I.I 1.25 1.4 2.5 20 1.6 ^, V C/. ^ ^ 1,^ ''i) Sciences Corpomtion 73 WeST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872^4S0J '1,^ wiwrwwwwi ^w c w ^w " * !-"' " I Mt » m !.'"!¥■■" '"■ W ' '■' Tf.-**"" H.WJ ' ff H » 'i '' w ^ . ' jw 'jt.gi' ^ ' ; *irmfm$mimm^if!'^'0s^MT ' :-m%!iSi^W?!s^' Bm^t - '^ws!N35?!f??^«^js»ffl?sw^its»^!B9P^i^-sf«^^^^^ Ua i CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques ,M ,,#" #^\- ynv^'SlfSSru^lSt^SiS^'W''- ,:^>^?ri^i!J^3^:te)ff i-f^/Bl^Y^^ ^j ^ ^^^ i Vftiif i p K! *! 186 EAULY HIHTOBY OF LAKE 8UPEKIOB. tion, while his fast-failing strength warned him that his own days were numbered. He desired to reach his former mission of St. Ignatius, at Mackinaw, before his departure, that he might die with his re- ligious brethren, and leave his bones among his beloved Hurons. He {.romised the Illinois that some other teacher of the prayer should take his place and continue the mission, and bade them a loving and regretful farewell. They escorted him, with great barbai'ic pomp to the lake, contending with (tne another for the honor of carrying his little baggage. For many d^ys, accompanied only by his two voyageurs, he coasted in his frail canoe along the eastern shore of Lake Mich igan, his strength rajtidly failing and his precious life ebbing away. He became entirely helpless, and was lifted like a child into and from the canoe. His vision also failed, but his gentle- ness, his cheerful joy in the prospect before him, and his calm trust in God never faltered. Daily he recited his breviary. He encouraged his despond- ing companions, and exhorted them to put confidence in the God of their salvation, who would not forsake thorn. They read io him, at his request, a meditation on death, which he had long before prepared for this eventful hour. Often did he, with hopeful voice exclaim, '• I believe that my Reedemer liveth." On the evening before his death, with a face radiant with joy, he told his companions that on the morrow he should die. Calmly and sweetly, as if talking of the death of another, he gave directions us to the disposition of his body. On tho following day as he approached the mouth of a river, he pointed out the place for his burial, upon an eminence on its bank. The weather was propitious, and tho voyageurs passed on. But a wind arose, and they were driven back to the rivers' mouth, which they entered. He was carried on shore ; a fire was kindled ; a slight she'ter of bark raised, and he was laid upon the sand. Here he gave bis last instructions ; thanked his followers for their faithful and long s rvice ; administered to them the rites i ' xy ' M. * H'tWMM^*<:> ' ^0'it^^^0 ' ^ ■-.(Mi»f" .•ar lat his own Ignatius, at with his re- ved Hurons F the prayer \ bade them to the lake, in^ his liUle oyageurs, he Lake Mich I life ebbing 1 like a child It his gentle- and his calm his despond- LC in the God )a on death, 1 hour. Olleii my Reedemer , face radiant •ow he should h of another, ith of a river, ainence on its ftgeurs passed : to the rivers' shore ; a fire I he was laid s followers for them the rites EAfiLY HISTOBX OF LAKi! SUPERIOR of their religion ; sent by them his last kind raesaagfc to his religious brethren, and bade them go and take their rest, until his final hour should come. After two or three hours, and as he was about to enter his agony, he called them, gave them a las'; embrace, asked for the holy water, handed one of them his cracifix from his neck, asking him to hold it before him, and with his eyes fixed sweetly upon it, pronounced his profession of faith, and thanked God that, he had granted him the grace to die a midsionary of the crods, in a foreign land alone. As his spirit was about to pass, one of his companions cried aloud " Jesus Marie !" Aroused by the sound, he repeated the words, and as if some glorious object appeared to him, he fixed his dying gaze beyond, and above the crucifix, and with a coun- tenance all beaming with holy rapture, his soul departed without a struggle, as gently as if he had fallen asleep. Thus, on the 18th of May, 1675, at the cge of 38, and after nine years of faithful service in the missionary field, father Mar- quette departed, and like his great model, the apostle to the Indies, he died upou a desolate beach, and like him, his dying hour was illuminated by a radiance from a brighter world. The little stream, upon whose banlts he breathed his last, still bears his honored name. An( there will ever be connected with that spot tender remembrancer and hallowed associations. In 1821, father Richard, the well beloved priest at Detroit, paid to it a loving pilgrimage, and erected thereon a wooden cross, with an inscription traced in rude characters with a pen knife, in its crude simplicity a fit tribute from a fit man. Bui no enduring marble is required to preserve in fresh fra- grance the memory of his virtues. His is one of those few, those immortal names, " that were not born to die." But his mortal remains do not repose in their original rest- ing place. Two years after his death, the Indians belonging to his mission of St. Ignatius, returning from their winter hunting- grounds, stopped at his grave, sought his remf'.ns, and according to an Indian custom, cleaned his bones, placed them reveren- tially in a box of birchen bark, and then in a mournful proces- sion, the thirty oanoes moved on towards Mackinaw. li kV I Hfi>iiMSifr'*!* i"*i f !a,.Jiji!B , ,;to*i3i>,'=:^:*i*± 188 EABLY HISTORY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Before reaching the roission, they were met by fathers Pierson and Nouveile and all the Indiana at the Misaion, who came out to pay a fond tribute to their best beloved naissionary. Then the solemn De Profundig was intoned, and then, with all appropriate rites the precious remains were deposited in the church, and on the following day, in a vault beneath the church. The mission was subsequently removed to Old Mackinaw, and the rude church has long since disappeared, and the precise spot where the remains of father Marquette now lie, mingled with the dust, is not known. AT THE 8AULT. When Marquette left the Sault, in 1669, the wise and evan- gelic Dablon, then prii lipal of all the Ottawa missions, — as the missions of the upper lakes were named,— waa in charge of the mission at that point. He was succeeded by father Drouilleta, who, full of sanctity and zeal, labored there with most wonderful success, for nine years. Large numbers were baptized, and in general council, the Indians adopted the God of prayer as their God. Here, in June, 1671, took place a most impressive ceremony. In October, 1770, M. Ta'on, Inteiidaut of New France, com- missioned Sieur de St. Lusson, commissioner to search for copper mines, and take possession of the country through which he should pass, in the name of the King of France. M. Perrot, an interpreter well known to the Indians, and of great influence among them, in the Spring of 1671, was directed to gather to- gether the Indian nations of these northern lakes, at the Sault, and a grand council was held on the 14th of June, at which fourteen of these nations wore largely nepresented. St. Lusson caused a cross to be prepared Bnd erected, and near it a cedar pole to which was affixed the arms of France, and then " In the name of the most high, most mighty, and most redoubtable monarch, Louis 14th, ol the christian name, King of France and Navarre," he took possession of the whole lake region, and the countries, rivers contiguous and adjacent thereto, whether discovered, or to be discovered, bounded by the Northern and Western Seas, and I., f.^ ' i^l^**"..,"" ' !* ' ' ' 'T 9 ! ^i-' ' '-hi^'^i'*S?i '' '^ yi>,y,ff-~ M « 8ited in the the church. Mackinaw, 1 the precise ie, mingled se and evan- ions, — aa the u charge of 11 of sanctity .•ess, for nine 1 council, the ve ceremony. France, com- ■ch for copper ;h which he tf. Perrot, an eat influence to gather to- sit the Sault, ne, at which . St. Lusson , a cedar pole ' In the name )le monarch, nd Navarre," ,he countries, overed, or to irn Seas, and by the South Sea, declaring that these regions were dependant upon his majesty, and subject to his laws and customs. There were present on this occasion fathers Dablon, Drouillets, Allouez and Andre, together with various officers, soldiers and citizens. Allouez made a famous speech in praise of the greatness of the French King. The ceremony was one calculated to deeply im- press the savage roiud. RESULTS OF JESUIT MISSIONS. It would be a grateful task to dwell upon the labors and character of those Jesuits who were the compeers of Marquette and Dablou. But with these men passed away the " golden age" of the Jesuits in the Northwest. They were among the best fruits of that wonderful system which for a century and a half made the order of Jesus one of the greatest powers of the world. They were placed in circumstances that developed in an eX' traordinary degree many of the best results of that training and disi;ipline instituted by Loyalla, without at the same time bring- ing forth those bitter evils that are among their natural fruits. They exhibited great learning, a high self-control, an inflex- ibility of purpose, an enduring constancy, an unweari(;d patience in toil and hardship, a calm courage that despised danger and triumphed over the intensest suffering, a fervent zeal, and an earnestness of devotion that find few parallels in history. They did uot develop, nor did the circumstances of their situation tend to develop that bitter intolerance, that hatred of civil and religious freedom, that passion for intrigue, that systematic treachery, that insatiate lust of power, and that unscrupulous and cruel abuse of power when obtained, that marked the Jesuits of Europe, and aroused against them the deep indignation of Protestant and Catholic Christendom, and that led to their ex- pulsion i'roia the most enlightened Catholic kingdoms of Europe, and their suppression by the Pope himself. But the influences that were already operating in the courU of Europe, and undermining Jesuitical power there, began to be felt in the wilds of Canada. II iiii t gi>f i ^f>rpm ...^j?i}ya^j^;«a^^&-'«'i^!ef!ia^ 190 EABLY HISTORY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. Colbert, the great minister of the grand monarch, liked them not, and Frontenac cordially hated them. From 1671 to 1681, and Irom 1689 to his death, in 1698, he was at the head of affairs in Canada. The RecollecU, whom he favored, were re-established in the new world. Jealousies and dissensions sprang up, and in a thousand ways the plans and the purposes of the Jesuits were thwarted. Special efforts were made to ruin their influence at court. It ie a curious study to read the voluminous dispatches that passed between Canada and the court of France. Louis XIV was at the very culmination of his power, and in the full exercise of that system of centralized absolutism foui>ded by Richelieu and perfected by himself. He was as minutely informed of the transactions of an in- significant post on the watery wastes of Lake Superior, as if they were taking place on the banks of the Seine. And the minutest orders issued from his ministers, and sometimes from himself in relation to these distant places. In seeking to givc to the Jesuits who distinguished themselves in the early annals of the Northwest, their true place upon the pages of history, we cannot place them beside the founders of New England. They were not, in any sense, the founders of empires. They did not lay foundations broad and deep for free institutions. And even as missionaries among the Indians they seem to have exerted but little permanent influence upon Indian life and character. "As from the wing the sky no scar retains, liie parted wave, no furrow from the koel ;" So Indian character and destiny show us no distinct trace of the abundant and self-denying labors of these men. At least those traces are sadly disproportioned to the learn- ing, the piety, the fervent zeal and the precious human life be- stowed upon this field of labor. Doubtless, some of the causes of this result lie deep in Indian character, and the unfavorable circumstances surrounding them. But there are, as we conceive, other causes, growing out of the I ■ i ' mm,. ^.j.j^Bj.gy tta JJ ^.a'l ! : .t^;!g,.% ' . ' U | jg.g',^ 'li:^ ! ^^ g ■■■■ m Hked them in 1698, he l^, whom he >U8and ways ted. Special jatohes that Dwer, and in ism fou;>ded Q8 of an in- iperior, ai^ if s. And the letimes from d tliemselves ice upon the I founders of pi res. They institutions. leem to have an life and trace of the to the learn- man life be- !p in Indian nding them. out of the EARLY HISTORY OP LAKE 8UPE1U0B. 191 fundamentally erroneous system of Jesuit Catholicism still more effective ; causes that must ever prevent that system from ac- complishing any great permanent good for the race. There is no blument of freedom in it ; unlimived, unquestion- ing obedience is of its very essence. To develop the human soul and intellect, it must, like the body, have freedom. But if ihey were not founders of empires, if they did little or nothing towards the elevation of Indian character, these men siill have a proud place upon the historic page, which all should readily concede. As discoverers and explorers, they have had few superiors. Persevering, self denying, toil-enduring, courageous — no pri- vations disgusted, no hardships appalled, no dangers terrified. Contemptuous uf threatened evil, they boldly placed them- selves in the power of untutored and unfiiendly savages; living with them in their dirty camps ; partaking of their inconceiv- ably filthy food; sleeping with them and their dogs; annoyed by their vermin; poisoned with their stench ; submitting meekly to the contumely of the haughty, and the insults and brutality of the mean. Calmly, persistently they braved the forced toil of paddling the canoe, or over sharp stones and up foaming rapids of drag- ging its weight, often wading waist deep in water, or plunging through ice and snow. Piercing winds, bitter cold, dire want, and terrific danger, were among their common trials. Yet they persevered with a ceaseless a^^jiduity and untiring energy, that no suffering could subdue. Industriously they traveled, e^xiously they inquired, carefully ihey observed, and carefully ond minutely, under every disadvantage, by the light of the glimmering camp fires, they committed the result of their travels, itquiries and observations to writing. They opened to France and the 'vorld a knowledge of the great Northwest, of the mighty lakes and noble rivers, of these beautiful prairies and extensive fore-sta. They were not only discoverers, but they were pioneers, in the pathway of civilization. Following in their footsteps came the trader, the voyageur, ir m n :r"V p^ ^M--r>ixsf?^mv^;mmism: EAllLY HISTORY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 192 th« soldier, and ultimately the mechanic, the farmer, the mer- chant and tho gentleman. Delightful French hamlets sprung up by the side of the mission sUtion, and there was reproduced in the forest recesses of the new world a new and delightful edition of rural life, amid the vales and vine-clad hills of France. But their chiefest claim to admiration lies in their personal character, th.ir apostolic zeal, and their sublime and heroic virtues. Actuated by no love of glory, inspired by no hope of self-aggrandizement, but panting with an earnest desire to save souls for whom Christ had died, and to open the pathway to heaven to benighted heathrn, they faced the untold horrors of the missionary life, among wild, wandering, irreverent, brutal savages; and here developed in the midst ot trials the most severe, those christian graces of character to which our attention has been called, and which entitle them to a high rank among the christian heroes of the world. Success could have added nothing to the rich fragrance of their virtues. It becomes us, who now occupy the soil, enriched and made sacred by their tears, their toil, their suffering and their death, not only to revere, but to perpetuate their memories. FUR TRADE. It is probable that the French fur traders had penetrated the region of Lake Superior in advance of the missionaries. Buf of this we have no authentic record. But the establishment of the missions and the success of the missionaries very largely promoted the fur trade, and it became a source of very great profit and wealth. The settlement of Canada, the growth of Montreal and Quebec, and the prosperity of all the French aettlemeuts therein was very largely owing to the importance of this trade. The commerce in beaver skins alone was immense, and the profits enormous. It is said that two-thirds of the furs that entered into this trade came from the region of the upper lakes. At first this trade was carried on without restrictions, and especially by a class of persons known as Coureurs de Bois, or .. O if i »|.; ; . | ^| g» j,;.j ^ ^: .ti ^g'^; ' a ' ' S ' P'f'S^ ' ^ tS ^M^^S*?^^*.'''^^^ " i" 1* ^ * fF" 192 EARLY HI8T0RT OF LAKE RUPERIOR. 193 sr, the mer- side of the rest recesBes rural life, eir persoDBl and heroic no hope of esire to aave pathway to horrors of sreut, brutal Is the most )ur attention rank among fragrance of id and made their death, inetrated the naries. But' blishment of very largely t very great e growth of the French iportance of ras immense, ed into this rictions, and I de Bois, or rangers of the wood, njany of whom were of a most disorderly character. F'or the purpose of regulating the trade the Governor-Gen- eral of Canada, by direction of the King, granted to some twenty-iive gentlemen each }'ear, a license to engage in this trade, and all others were strictly prohibited from engaging in it upon pain of death. At first each licensee was permitted to send out two canoes, with six men and a thousand crowns in merchan- dise suitable for the savage trade. Ic was expectiyl that this merchandise would purchase one hundred and sixty packs of beaver skins, worth eight thousand crowns. The profits upon the trade wore divided between the licensees, tiie merchant who furnished the goods, and the Coureurs de Bois, who collected and bought them in. In addition to this, the merchant who took the furs usually made a large profit thereon. The immense profits of this trade aroused the cupidity of the English traders residing in New York, and they were determined to at least share in the trade of the upper lakes, and if possible, tc control it. For nearly a century the English spared no eflTorts and no expense to secure this result. They paid higher prices for beaver skins than was paid by the French at Montreal, and they suc- ceeded in corrupting many of the French tradei's, and induced them to sell their furs to them. Through their allies, the Iro- quois, they endeavored to enlist the Ottawas and Chippewas in their interest, sometimes through fear, sometimes through hope of gain. It was a matter of vital interest to the French of Canada to keep the control of this trade, anu especially to retain in their intci'est the Ottawas and Chippewas, who were among the most successful hunters. To this end they employed enterprising and active agents to go among the Indians and obtain an influence over them. One of the most useful and successful of these agents was Duluth, whos'^ name has been perpetuated by naming a town for him. Duluth was a Captain of these Correur de Bois, of n ■''"■> i ) i lli ii H i i li Bl(il il t i| i.; iii i |ii iir i m l l i i W i iJw ?'» » )■ 1>4 KAULY IIIHI'UUY UK LAKE HUPKUIUK. \ fjieat energy, and complete knowledge of Indian character, and of dauntlctM courage. Ab early as 1679 be was stationed near the rtault St. Marie for the purpose of prevdnting thr English from engaging in the fur trade of I^uke Superior. He subse- quently erected a temporary fort near La Pointe. For many years he held the entire confidence of Fronteuac, Dc La Barre und I)e Nouville, who were successively in command iu Can&da. Ami ill their dispatches to France they recognize his great iu- tiuetR'c with the Indians and the important services that he ren- dered in delieating ilie Enulish project of securing this trade. In 1682 he was present at a conference of great officers at Mon- treal for the purpose of concerting measures for this purpose. In 1685 he led a force of Lake Suj)erior Indians to Niagara ugiiinst tiie Iroquis. In 1686, under r.n order from the Governor (lenori'l, he establisiied what was called the Fort of Detroit, of Ijuke Erie, where Fort Gratiot now stands at the foot of Lake Huron. The object of this fort was to command the passage to Mack- inaw and Lake Superior, and thus prevent the English from se- curing the trade of those regions. In this he was so far success- ful that in 1687 he captured an exftedition of sixty Englishmen with an Indian escort who were seeking access to the upper lakes. But the English were not discouraged. Tliey gave eight pounds of powder or six quarts of rum for one Beaver skin while the French gave but two pounds of powder, and not to exceed one quart of brandy. In this way they held out great inducements to the Indians and to the regular French traders to bring their beaver to New York. The establishment of a permanent fort at Detroit iu 1701, aided very much in securing this trade to the French, but it did not put an end to the strujjgle. Tiius iu 1747 one Le Due, a fur trader, was robbed by the Lake Superior Indians ot his furs at the instigation of the Eng- lish, and it is reported that a famous chief had accepted the hatchet from the English and that the Indians had collected to the number of over 100 to waylay the French, In order to check the English, the Governor General in 1750 I '^■■^f^^S^i ■!^f?^^'J|*y^ ^ » EARLY RIBTORY OF LAKE 8CPERIOH. 19: cter, and jned near P^nglUh le Hubse- or many iU Barre Can&da. great in- at he ren- lliia trade. •8 at Mon- pur[K>se. Niagara Governor Detroit, of it of Lake B to Mack- sh from se- :ar success- InglJHhmen the upper L"hey gave me Beaver T, and not y held out ar French it in 1701, 1 but it did bed by the f tilt' Eug- cepted the sllected to ral in 1750 granted a Urge tract of land at the Sault for a siguiory loSieurs de Bonne and Repentigny, the object of which Ih set forth in an exceedingly interesting letter written by him the following year to the French Minister. " Quebec, Canada, October 5th, 1751 . " My Lord : By my letter of the 24th of Auguat taut, I hail the honor to let you know that in order to thwart the movements that the Kn^cliHli do not ceam to make in order to seduce the Indian nationn of the North, I had sent the 8r. Cheur. d« Repentigny to the Sault >Ste. Marie, in order to make there an establixhinent at hin own exiienHeo, to build there a |>aliHadi fort, (forle de piatx) to ntop the Indiana of the Northern |K>HtH who go to and from the Engliah to intercept the commerce they carry on, i)toi> and present the continuation of the talka ("parolefl") and of the preaenta which the F^ngliah send to thoac nation? to corrupt them, to put them entirely in their intereata, and inapire titem with feelings of hate and aversion for the French. • "Moreover, I had in view in I hat eatabliahnient, to aecure a retreat to the French voyageura, eapecially to thoae who trade in the northern part, and for that purpose to clear the landa which are proper for the proouction of Indian corn there (bled' Inde) and to flubMrve thereby the victualing necessary to the people of said post, and even to the needa of the voyagers. " The aaid 8r. de Repentigny forbid the Indiana of hia \x)Ht to go and winter at Saginaw, which >m not little to aay, for these nations go thence from there very easily, and in a short time to the English, who load them with presents. These Indiana kee^ the promises which I required from them ; they all stayed in Lake Superior, whatever were the inducements the English made to attract them to themaclvea. * » « " He arrived too late laat year at the Sault Sle. Marie to fortify him- self well ; however, he secured himself against insulta, in a sort of fort I irge enough to receive the traders of Michilimackiniko. " The weather was dreadful in September, Octoly^r and November. Snow fell one foot deep on the 10th of October, whiuh caused him a great delay. He employed hia hired men during the whole winter in cutting 1,100 pickets, of 15 feet, for his fort, with doublings {"reiuloublayes".') and the timber necessary for the construction of three houses, one of them 30 feet long by 20 feet wide, and the two others 25 feet long, at>d the .same width of the first. " Hia fort is entirely finished with the exception of a redoute of oak, which he is to have made 12 feet square, and which shall reach the same diatance above the gate of the fort, As soon as thia work shall be com- II ^t-, g y ^ ifcwyja'. '- ? ii'jiltiWriiiil'l>iiil«t>'if 196 KARLY HIHTOBY OF LAKE 8UPERIUB. plet«d, he will Mnd me the plan of hU esUbliahmvnt. Uii fort !■ 110 feet •quara. • » » "K» for the cultiTation of the l»nd»— the Sleur de Repentigny had a bull, two bullocks, three cowa, two heifeni, one horae, and a mare, from Michilimackinao. " He could not, on hia arrival, make oletring of lands, for the works of his fort had occupied entirely his hired meu, (engaye*.) " Last spring he cleared cfl all the smalt trees and buahen within the range of the fort. •' He engaged a Frenchman, who married at the 8aull 8le. Marie, an Indian woman, to take a farm ; they have cleared it up and sowed it, and without a froat they will gather 30 to 35 sacks of porn. {biedMe.) " The said 8i. de Kepentigny so much feels it his duly to devote him- self I') the cultivation of the«« land*, that he has already entered into a bargain for two slave*, whom he will employ to take care of the corn that he will gather upon these landM. " I beg of you, my 1^, tu be well persaaded that I sltall spare no pains to render this establishment equally useful to the sei vice of the King, and to the recommendation of the travelers (vojfagetirii.) " I am, with very profound respect, Ac., "La JONQUIERE." In 1754, a succeeding Governor General writes : " The Sir Chev'r de Ref>entigny who commands at the Oault Ste Marie occupies himself much with the establishment of his post, which is essential to stop the Indians who come down from Lake Superior to go to Cheneguen, (Oswego) but I don't hear it said that thij peat is of [yields him] a great revenue." This establishment was erected for the fur trade at 2,000 francs per year from 1755 until it was accidently burned in 1762. At this time Henry gave the following descriptiou of the Sault ; " Here was a stockaded fort, in which under the French Gov- ernment, there was kept a small garrison, commanded by an officer, who was called the governor, but was in fact a clerk, who managed the Indian trade here, on government account The houses were four in number, of which the first was the gov- ernor's, the second the interpreter's, and the other two which Were the smallest, had been used for barracks. The only family was that of M. Cadotte, the interpreter, whose wife was a Chip- pewa." I EARLY HI8T0BY OF LAKE BUPEBTOB 197 brt ii 1 10 feet I ft iniigny had • luare, frum for the workH lex within the 8t«. Marie, an Kowed it, and inde.) to devote liim- m'.ered into a the corn lliat glial I spare do ceof the King, IQUIERE." I at the Bault hment of his le down from I don't bear enue." rade at 2,000 y burned in riptiou of tbe French Gov- inded by an fact a clerk, ent account. . was the gov- er two which J only family was a Chip- The fire compelled the garrisoa to remove to Michilimacinac and tbe Sault was not again [>ormanently occupied as a military fort until Fort Brady was established in 1822. Col. and afterwards Qen. Bradstrect tu December 1764, after tb ) conquest of Canada, in a letter to Governor Gage, at New York, rp'M)ramends that th.^ vessels be sent to Lake Superior to engage in the fur trade, and the establishment of two tort.s upon the banks in addition to that at the Sault, and this recommend- ation is repeated by Col. Croghan to Sir Wm. Johnson the fol- lowing y>;ar. The fur trade continued to be of great value dur- ing the entire century and the first third of the present century. In 17S5 the exclusive right to trade in furs on Lake Superior was given to Alexander Henry, an English merchant. He left Michilimacinac in August for the Sault, where he entered into partnership with Mr. Cadotte, a Freucfanman who came to the Sault undoi Repentigny, and was the principal man of the fort, and had been in command there under the British. He went up the lake, reaching Ontonagon August 19, where he found an Indian village, and proceeded to Chagonemig, or La Pointe, where he found fifty lodges of nearly naked Indians. Here he established himself for the winter. For a ;vinter's atock of provision he caught 2,000 trout and whitefish, tome of the former .7eighing fifty pounds. These were hung up by the tail in the open air, end were boiled and roasted as wanted, and eaten without bread or salt. As the result of his winter's enter- prise ho embarked in the spring with one hundred and fifty packs of beavers, weighing fifteen thousand pounds, and the Indians with him had one hundred packs, which he was unable to purchase. In the following winter, he with his men, were driven from the Sault by the want of food ; the fish, usually so abundant, having failed. Two succeeding winters he spent on the nor h shore, engaged in this trade. At this time specie was so wholly out of the question that bea- ver skit t was the measure of values. Other skins were accepted as payment, being first reduced to their value in beavers. A man in going into a drinking saloon would take a marten's skin to pay the reckoning. The goods Mr. Henry took from Michili- II ■!&*■— ni utifm'liffiimiiti'^ J Pi jii}ifiifciSsa,-s&a^s»i. iimf4i'-'%WVM0$ 198 EABLY HISTORY OF JJlKE 8UPEW0R. ■ I macinac on his firet oxpeditiou fiUsd four canoea, and 'vere esti- mated to be of the 'ralue of ten thousand pounds of beaver skins. The magnitude of thw fur trade can perhaps be best shown by a few figures. The North West Company, «ngaged in this trade, according to Mackenzie received in one year, 1798 : 1(J6,000 beaver skins, 2,100 bear skins, 1,500 fox skins, 4,000 kitt fox skins, 4,600 otter skins, 17,000 musquash skins, 32,000 marten skins, 1,800 mink skins, 6,000 lynx skins, 600 wolverine skins, 1,650 fis^ er skins, 100 racoon skins, 3,800 wolf skins, 700 elk skin' , 750 deer skins, 1,200 dressed deer skins, 500 Buffalo robes. Of these. Lake Superior must have furnished a libe.al pro- portion. Its furs were a source of wealth then, as its mines are now. The Americi* Fur Company, organized by John Jacob Afltor, in 1816, succeeded to the business of the Northwest Com- pany. MINERALS. The knowledge that the region of Lake Superior was rich in minerals waa almost cotemporaneous with its discovery. As early as 1659-60 the Jesuit raisbionaries report " that its borders are enriched with lead mines, and copper of such excellent qual- ity, that it is already reduced in pieces as large as the fist," and ten years later father Dablon gives very fall account of the various reports of the wealth of copper which existed 'n various places about the lake. In Septembar, 1670, M. Talen, Intendant, appointed Sieur de St. Lusson " to search for the copper mine in the countries of the Ontarios', &c., in North America, near Lake Superior or the Fresh Sea," and also, it would seem, to discover the South Sea passage; for in February 1671, M. Colbert, the French Minister, writes : " The r^olution you have taken to send Sieur de la Salle toward the South, and Sieur de St. Lussoa to the North, to dis- cover the South Sea passage, is very good ; but the principal thing to which you ought to apply yourself in di;'ooveries of this nature is tc look out for the copper mine." In 1687, Denorvuli, Governor of Canada, writes to the French -rm^ ma • ■ •w v f »i j |)iw^W >n g!f y w EABLY HI8T0EY OF LAKK 8UPEBI0B. 199 rPERlOR. canoes, and 'vere esti- nd pounds of beaver )erliap8 be best shown pany, «ngaged in this one year, 1798 : iu8, 1,500 fox skins, 7,000 musquash skins, ;,000 lynx skins, 600 racoon skins, 3,800 8, 1,200 dressed deer urnished a libe.al pro^ I then, as its mines are mized by John Jacob ►f the Northwest Com- Le Superior was rich in th its discovery. As eport " that its borders of such excellent qual- large as the fist," and •y fall account of the dich existed 'n various mt, appointed Sieur de in the countries of the Lake Superior or the liscover the South Sea ■t, the French Minister, o send Sieur de la Salle a to the North, to dis- od ; but the principal slf in dL'ooveries of this ft da, writes to the French Minister: " The copper, a sample of which I sent M. Arnore, i« tound Rt the head of Lake Superior. The body (,f th*) mine has liot yet been discovered." He anticipates great results from its discovery, but adds, " This knowledge cannot be acquired from the Indians, who believe they would all die did they show it to us." The first attempt at mining was made after the conquest of Canada by the British. Mr. Henry, in 1765-6, found at OntonagoD an abundance of virgin copper " in masses of various weights," and among them •' a mass of <;opper of the weight, according to my estimate, of no less than four tons." As the result of this discovery, in 1768, an application was made to George HI. for a grant of all the copper mines in the country within sixty miles of Lake Superipr. A copy of this application was transmitted to Sir Wm. Johuson for the purpose of ascertaining his opinion upon the propriety of the grant, and especially what effect It would have upon the Indians. In December of the same year Sir. Wm. Johnson reports upon this application that he is assured there is a large quantity of cop- per in the environs of Lake Superior, and that " it has been found extraordinary good and rich." He suggests some practical dif- ficulties arising from t^e scarcity and value of white laborers, while " the Indians are indolent and cannot be relied upon." He aays some Canadians formerly took away a gooa deal of ore and lost by it. He says there is no serious objection to the grant 80 far as the Indianb are concerned, if groat painn are taken to protect them. The grant was irade, but never issued out of the seal office, and a company was formed, consisting of the Duke of Glouces- ter, Mr. Secretary Townsend, Mr. Baxter, consul of the impress of Russia, Sirs Wm. Johnson, Alexander Henry, and others. Mr. Henry, Mr. Br-starch and Mr. Baxter had charge of the mining operations. They spent the winter of 1770 at the Sault and at Point Aux Pins, a few miles above ; they built a barge and a sloop of fifty tons. Early in May they set sail and first visited the Island of the Yellow Sands, but found no gold as ■:rr^ ••*-M*f-i>V'Sf**-!,i;; m •".$i'iy' -f-t ' ■ ■ "WW "T" ^ tf^^ l i » ii| | iiii T 'ii'i i l. i . ii liK||| i** ;ff at 2()0 EARLY HISTORY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. they had hoi>ed. At a point on the North Shore they found veins of copper and lead. They erected an air furnace »>/; Point Aux Pina, and the assayer found silver in the lead org. On the South shore one of the company picked up a stone of a blue color, weighing eight pounds, which contained sixty per cent of silver, and which was carried to England and deposited in the British Musnum. They ccasted westward to Ontonagon, built a house, set their miners to work, and left them for the winter. Early in the Spring of 1772 they sent up a boat with provisions, but it soon came back with all the miners, who had found that mining was impracticable without a much greater force and greater conven- iences. That season aijd the next they experimented on the northern shore, with similar results, and in 1774 they disposed of their sloop and other property, and sent some ore to England. Thus ended this first systematic attempt at mining on Lake Superior, nor was any further effort ma*>!.^^ ' ^iT"- ' i^'l ' '• !:. t^mS^ i i!^"!?^^^^^:^!^^' ■IMV m ^ the> found ace »A Point yrs. On the 6 of a blue per cent of ted in the 1 use, set their i^arly in the , but it soon . mining was later conven- the northern )8ed of their land. Thus ike Superior, util 1843. J only settle- Sault, whicli must have Jescribes the occupied by itch frotn many Jesuit mission- Shea'H admira- [igsissippi, and A SKETCH OF SOME OF THE MINES AND FURNACES OF LAKE SUPERIOR. THE MINES. It is nut more than twenty-five years since the first iron ore vva*^ taken from what is now known as the Jackson location, and less than half a ton of :t packed upon the backs of half breeds to the mouth of the Carp, and from thence transported in canoes to the St. Mary's River, only lo be pronounced worthless upon its arrival at Detroit. Yet in 'hat short interval the develop- ment of t)ur mines has been so rapid that they now contt;buf,f th? ores from which is made more than one-fifth of all the iron manufactured in the United States. Less than a cjuarter of a century ago, the district which now supplies the ore for a hun- dred and fifty furnaces, and which boasts a population of not less than fifteen thousand people, was an unexplored wilderness, never penetrated save by the wild Indian anJ t.he devoted mis- sionary. Little did our venerable citizen, P. M. Everett, Esq., imagine when, in 1845, he visited this place and carried away the first specimens from what is now the Jackson Mine No. 1, that he would live to read the report of shipments — over a Million Tons in 1870. Yet such is the grand result, long since announced, and the iron hills of the tipper Peninsula scarcely afford the evidence of a commencement having been made. More than this, ihe developments of the year 1870 render certain a largel) increased product for 1871, an' each succeeding year, should the demand require it ; and yet the Lake Superior Iron District is in its infancy, and only neuds to be fully developed to become the great iron center of the West — if, indeed^ it has not already attained that distinction. It is our purpose to present in this little book an elaborate history of our iron mines and furnaces, embodying such facts and figures as we have been able to collect, touching their early history and subsequent development — first indulging in a few general remarks upon the geological formation and classification of the ores. \^i m^\ •■^.]^^^ ' ^<^^^!f ^'^ ^^^^^ •m^ •jaFi-jftfiiiriyii^iia^fi-.- i I I 202 MINES AND FURNACKH OF LAKE KUPEHIOH. CiKOLOGICAL FORMATION. The iron ores of this district are generally found ui hills, vising from one to five hundred feet above the level of the sur- rounding country. These hills (those given to exaggeration call them mountains) are simply immense deposits of iron ore, though partially or wholly covered by layers of earth and rock. It is true they are also found in the valleys, but where so found are usually Covered with a deep drift, and consequently cannot be so easily mined. That part of the Lake Superior Iron Region in which the most gratifying results have been obtained, is all included within the limits of Marquette county, west of Negaunee, within a range of six miles wide, running in a nortliwesterly course from Lake Fairbiink:*. in Town 47 N. of Range 26 V,'., to Keweenaw Bay, in Town 49 N. of RanjiC 33 W. — a disttnce ol nearly one hun- dred miles. The mines now opened and being worked are all situated on the east end o ' the raogo above mentioned, the most remote being the Champion, near tlie east shore of I^ake Michi- gammi. Anothe*" extensive district or range is that known as the Me- nominee, extending, so far as known, from the south part of Town 40, on both sides of that river up to its headwaters at Lake Michigammi. The deposits in this district are not only numerous, but said to be very rich and valuable, though, as yet, but little has been done towards their development. The iron range again crops out some thirty miles south of Bayfield, where ore of a tolerably pure quality has been foucd. By reference to a geological map, it will be seen that the Manjuette and Menominee iron ranges cross each other upon the south side of Lake Michigammi, the one continuing to the west and northwest, and the otlier soi thward into Wisconsin. Verv large deposits of magnetic ore have been found south and west of the lake in question, some of which are known to be as pure as the ret! oxydes of the Jackson and Superior. CLASSIFICATION OF ORES. This table names five varieties of iron ore. The most valua- ble, so far as developed, is the specular hematite, which is a very pure anhydrous sesqui-oxyde, giving a red powder, and yielding m the blast furnace from 60 to 70 per cent, of metallic iron, which is slightly red short. The ore appears both slaty and granular, or massive. It is often banded or inter laminated with a bright red quartz or jasper, and is then called " mixed ore." The next in order of importance is probably the soft hema- tite, which much resembles the brown hematite (Liraonite) of Pennsylvania and Connecticut This ore is generally found as- sociated with the harder ores, from which many suppose it is formed by partial decomposition or disintegration, it contains •^■s^-' '^7 - ''* " !?1 t^^"JV' '''^ -^ * ^ '' ' *' ^ ' ^^^ ''' ^ ^ ^ '*' * "' ■■■■■i ^ ]tfINEH AND FruNACES OF LAKE SUrEUIOR. 203 nd in hills, )f the 8ur- fj;oration call ore, though ock. It is 80 found are y cannot be II which the ■luded within ithin a range so from Lake iveenaw Bay, ivrly one hun- •rktd are all ned, the most I^ake Michi- vn as the Me- son th part of headwaters at are not only liough, as yet, niles south of lis been found, een that the ;h other upon inuing to the to Wisconsin, jud south and nowa to be as or. le most valua- ■hich is a very , and yielding metallic iron, >th slaty and aminated with mixed ore." he soft hema- (Limonite) of •ally found as- suppose it is . It contains some water, chemically combined — is porous in structure — yields about 55 per cent, in the furnace, and is more easily reduced than any other ore of the district. It forms an excellent mixture with the speculars. There are, probabiy, several varieties of this ore which have not been well made out. That found at the Jackson, Lake Superior and New England, is associated with the specular, while the Foster bed is several miles removed from any known deposit of that ore, and has probably e. different or- igin. The magnetic ore of the district has thus far only been found to the west of the other ores — at the AYa^hington. Edwards and Champion Mines — at which none of the other varieties have been found except the specular, into which the magnetic some- times j)aases, the powder being from black to purple, then re thickness, on which the value of the mass chiefly de- pends. These masses are interstratified with a soft green slate, which always accompanies the specular and magnetic ores. Overlying these beds is usually found a quartz rock, which is probably one of the most recent of the district. Below the spec- ular is a green stone, often slaty, and beneath this is one or more horizons of the flag ore, separated by chrystalline schists. Next older than the flag ores is another quartzite, which stems to be sometimes replaced by a silicious marble. Yet older are the gianite rocks, which are supposed to belong to the Laurentian ^n WB "t-mnmm i»mm»i0mffgi^ff¥i ¥ ( ittfrnMi^ III ^g|iiijriiiiiimiiiTi'";»- 204 MINES AND FURNACES OF LAKE 8UPEBI0B. system of Canada — the schists above named including the ore» belonging to the Huronide system. These roclcB :;re mu h bent and folded, several axes, running nearly east and ivest, being plainly discernible. FIRST DISCOVERY. Prof. Chas. T. Jackson, United States Geologist, in his Re- port to the Secretary of the Interior, made in 1849, says that during his first visit to Lake Superior, in the summer of 1844, he obtained from Mr. P. B. Barbeau, then a trader at Sault Ste. Marie, a tine specimen of specular iron ore, which he (Mr. B.) had received from an Indian chief He also learned at the same time that this chief knew of a mountain mass of ore, somewhere between the head of Keweenaw bay and the head waters of the Menominee river. The next summer he informed Mr. Lyman Pray, of Charlestown, Mass., what he had heard, and suggested to him the propriety of looking up the mountain in question. Mr. Pray immediately proceeded to the Sault, where he employed the son of the Ojibway chief as a guide, and "went with him to L'Anse; from thence, guided by the Indian, he traversed the then unbroken forest, and found the mountain. On his return he informed Prof Jackson that he had traveled four miles .around the mountain, and found only the same kind of ore, and no rocks. To Mr. Pray Prof. Jackson ascribes credit of the first practical discovery of iron ore on the Upper Peninsula, deeming it probable that no white man had ever before explored this locality. If such were really the case, it would appear a little singular that Mr. Pray did not take measures to secure the re- ward due to such a discovery, and that his name has never since been heard of in connection with the development of our mineral resources. It is more than probable, however, that Mr. Pray's discovery was not within the limits of the iron district to which developments have thus far been confined, since we find that in the same year Mr. Joseph Stacy, of Maine,' explored that portion of the iron range between the mouth of Dead river and Lake Michigan, and found, ua he says, an inexhaustible amount uf compact and specular iron ore. The exact localities which he visited are not definitely known, but it is more than probable that the Jackson location was ofte of them, since Prof. Jack- son, in the same connection, speaks of having afterwards ob- tained specimens of ore " from near the forge called the Jackson furnace. ANOTHER AND MORE RELIABLE STATLMENT. On the other hand, Mr. Barbeau, who is the father-in-law of J. P. Pendill, Esq., of Negauuee, informs us that the existence of iron ore all over the Upper Peninsula — not only in that por- tion of the district since developed, but in the Huron Mountains — was known to the white traders as early as 1830. Mr. Barbeau I '■Ik ■I ^ R. ing the oreo inu h bent v.est, being if! in his Re- says that r of 1844, lit Sault Hte. Mr. B.) had at the same , somewhere waters of the Mr. Lyman id suggested in question, heemphtycd with him to raversed the In his return i four miles i of ore, and it of the first ula, deeming xplored this ppear a little eoure the rc- s never since four mineral t Mr. Pray's rict to which ) find that in ! that portion er and Lake e amount of ies which he lan probable Prof. Jack- terwards ob- the Jackson lENT. fier-in-law of he existence in that por- a Mountains Mr. Barbeau MINES AND FURNACES OF LAKE 8UPEM0B. 205 is an old Indian trader — being at an early day in the employ of the American Fur Company — and perhaps no man on the Upper Peninsula is more familiar with its early history. He knows every acre of it, having traversed iu foresU, and ciossed its hills and mountains long years before its immense mineral wealth was known, or even dreamed of, except by hardy adventurers like him.self. He informs us that he himself knew ot the exist- ence of iron ore at Negaunee in 1830, in which same year was discovered the great mass of native copper in the Ontonagon Rapids, which was afterwards removed to Detroit by a gentle- man named Eldred. This mass of copper weighed ove»" 3,000 pounds, and after reaching Detroit was seized by the United States government, and vemoved to Washington, where it still remains. The Indians knew of the existence of iron in this district for many years previous to its discovery by the whites, but were, of course, ignorant, of its uses, or, at least of th*^ means by which it could be mnde available. They knew also of the existence of lead, in large quantities, and Mr. Barbea informs us that in 1830 he met Indians who had collected lead sufficiently pure to be used for rifie balls, und that they did so use it. Lut they could never be persuaded to tell were they found it, and to this day refuse to give any information whatever concerning it. They, api>ear to entertain a superstitious fear that some dreadful ca- lamity will befall them should they discover their secret to the white man. But to retnrn to the discovery of iron. Mr. Barbeau says that in 1845, Achille Cadotte, a French and Indian half breed, wa" informed bv an old Indian chief, then living at the mouth of the Carp river, near the site of the present village of Mar- quette, that he knew where there was a mountain of iron, and went with the chief to see it. The name of the chief v.as "3/an- je-ki-jik" (Moving Day), and his brother, " Man-gon-see" (Small Lmm), is still living. Cadotte then communicated his discovery to Mr. John Western, who went with him to the piountain, and under his direction nearly a ton of ore was packed from what is now known as the Jackson location, to the mouth of the Carp, thence iu canoes to Sault Ste Marie, and thence to Detroit. It is more than piobable, however, that it was P. M. Everett, Esq., of this place, to whom Mr. Barbeau refers, since it appears that John Western did not visit this region in 1845, and Mr Everett did. In June, 1845, the Jackson Company was organized with a view to operations in the copper district, and Mr. P. M. Everett, one of the original incorporators, came to Lake Superior the same si'mmer, and located what is now the Jackson Mine, under a permit from the Secretary of War. While at Sault Ste. Marie, Louis Nolan, a half-breed, told Everett of the existence of iron on Lake Superior, and voluuteered to show him where it was. iii^^S; i »i H!j^^fawj;!v^fci ^ n',f-i,tf.v^>»;.r'; 206 MINE4 AND FURNA058 OF LAKE SUPKBIOR. Nolan came to the mouth of the Carp with Mr. Everett and hit partv, and they all went as tar as Teal Lake in aearc'i of the iron, but faile(r to find it ; they then returuen ore found ai lions began to 1 their permits irm it destroyed ibandoned one ibandoned his , second time,) ship lines, and realized such be ore down to to Detroit and at to Pittsburg iinced itworth- g y^ ' -'4-'* ' r' ' 1). 1 MINER AND FURNACES OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 207 lesB. Another small quantity was sent to rn old forge at Cold- water, where was made the first iron from Lake Svperior ore. This was only a small bar, one end of which Mr. Everett had made into a knife-blade, the better to exhibit the sterling quali- ties of the metal. That Mr. Everett was really thi pioneer in the discovery and development of the Lake Bu|)erior Iron Mines, can not be suc- cessfully disputed It is true others may have visited the Jack- son mountain about the aume time, but we have no evidence that any of them discovered or knew of the existence of its hidden treasures. Certain it is, that if Mr. Pray visited the Jackson mountain at the time referred to by Prof Jackson, he could not have been in advance of Mr. Everett, otherwise he would have taken some measures to secure the reward due to such a discov- ery. In this connection we are permitted to copy the following extract from a letter written by Mr. Everett to Capt. G. D. Johnson, of the Superior mine, soon after his first visit to Lake Superior : Jackson, yich., Nov. 10, 1845. Dear Sib :^8ince I have returned from Lake Superior, CharleH tellg me that he prumi eoiit ray axcuntiun, and wiHheH me to perform the tank for him. In compliance with hin rtqucMt, 1 will therefore try and give you a brief description of uiy trip. I left here on the 23d of July lat>t, and wax gone till the 24tli of October. I bad Home idea of Koing to Lake Superior \»%t winter, but did not think Heriouxly of going until a short time before I left. I had considerable difficulty in get- ting any one to join me in the enterpritte; I at la«t Hucceeded in forming a company of thirteen. I whu appointed treaHiirer and agent, to explore and make locations, for which last purpose we bad secured seven permits from the Secretary of War. I took four men with me from Jackson, and hired a guide at the Sault, where I bought a boat, and coasted up the lake to Cop|)er Harbor, which is over 300 miles from the Sault Sle \iarie. There are no white men on I^ke Superior except those who go there for mining purpo.se.^. We incurred many dangers and hardships, ♦ » ♦ We made several locations— one of which we called Iron at th«; lime. It is a mountain of solid iron ore, 150 feet high. The ore looks as bright as a b ir of iron just broken. Since coming home we have had some of it smelted, and nnd that it produces iron and something resembling gold — some say it is gold and copper. Uur location is one mile square, and we shall send a company of men up in the spring to begin operations. Our company is c*lled the Jackson Mining Company. » « ♦ ***** Yours, etc, P. M. EVERETT. We copy the above extract from the original letter, which also contains a copy of one of the original shares of the Com- pany. EXTEx,i' OF THE IRON REGION. It must not be inferred from the statement of the number of mines actually opened and now being worked, that they consti- ttxte the extent of our iron deposite. The mountain to which II #i, II It A 1 y^m^- mtmt$im0*ii'tm J J££. 208 MINES AND FURNACES OF LVKE HUPEBIOB. " Manjekijik" conducted Mr. Everett, and from which all the JackHon nhipinenta have l)een taken, i» within the corpor»-.te lira- itM of the village of Negaunee, only a dozen milea from the lake shore. Since Everett firet brought it to the notice of the orig- inal incorporatorH of the Jackson Company, by whom it is tiiill owned, developments have gradually extended westward, until we have had to record the newest and most promising 0|)ening8 at and around Lake Michigammi, about twenty miles west of Negaunee. And still the iron interest of the Upper Peninsula is in its infancy— for though the shipmeute embrace in the ag- gregate several million tons, scarcely a perceptible mark has been made on the va^t and inexhaustible deposits which are known to exist, many of them still untouched, and far removed from the scene of active mining operations. On all sides of Lake Michigammi— north, south and west— and on the Menom- inee, southward, immense deposits have been discovered, com- pared to which the famous " Iron Mountain " of Missouri sinks into insignificance. Nor is iron the only mineral which is known to exist in that portion of the Upper Peninsula known as the Iron Region. Copper, silver and lead have been discovered, and we believe that developments yet to be made will shortly prove that they exist in paving quantities. On the Menominee has been discov- ered an immense marble quarry, and in other localities slate suitable for roofing purposes. In many portions the soil is well adapted to agriculture, and experiment has demonstrated the fact that wheat, oats, barley, and even fruits, can be grown to pj r- fection. With its immense mineral resources, its boundless for- ests of pine and hard wood, a fertile soil and healthful climate, it certainly possesses all the natural advantages requisite to the growth of a great and powerful State. But our limits will not permit us to take anything more than a superficial view of its resources, outride the iron interest. THE FIRST OPENING In the Iron District was made by the Jackson Company in the fall of 1846, in the summer of which year they commenced the erection of a forge on the Carp, about three miles east of Ne- gaunee. The forge was put in operation in the spring of 1847, and the first ore mined at the Jackson was there manufactured into blooms. The forge, however, only ran a day or two after being started, the dam being taken out by a freshet. It was not started again until fall, when it was worked quite successfully. It had two fires, and made four blooms, each about four feet long and eight inches thick, per day. Here was made the first iron of any importance from Lake Superior ore. The first blooms were sold to E. B. Ward, and from them was made the walking beam of the steamboat " Ocean." This forge was kept in operation till 1854, when it was entirely abandoned. Auoth- "T-^ '"•' S. '■^ ' i ' . - 'f-} : r . *' ^ '^ !-,?'. ■ r I f .'^^y * "?! I" !* MINEH AND KHUNACKH OK LAKE Hl'PRlUOH. 200 hich all the Irpof.te Jiin- ^om the lake of the orig- |)m it is b'till tward, until jug 0{>eningg I ilea west of ir PeniiiHuia e in the ag- e mark has which are far removed all sidea of the Menom- )vered, com- isHouri Hiuks exist in that ron Region. I we believe Ve that they been discov- L-alities slate e soil is well a ted the fact ■own to prr- jundless for- iful climate, uisite to the nits will not 1 view of its pauy in the menoed the east of Ne- ng of 1847, ■inufactured r two after It was not uccessfully. ut four feet de the first The first s made the ;e was kept d. Auoth- er forge was built at Marquette, just south of the shore enil of the Cleveland dock, by a Worct'st»'r (Mans.) company, in 1849, under the direction and supcr'-Ucndonct- of A. U. Harlow, Kk(|. It was di'Htroyed by fiie tho following? winter, and never relxiilt. Two other forges were subsequently built at Forestville and Col- linsville. Thou};b all these forges, while in operation, were supplied with ore from the Jackson Mine, not much |)rogress was made in mining until after the cotn|)letion of the company's docks at Marquette, which were begun in 18.'74, and finished the next year In 1853, three or four tons were Hhij)ped to the World's Fair, at New York, but regular shipruents did not commence till the spring of 1856. When the first opening was nmdc in the iron deposit on the Jackson loc^ation, there were, perhaps, not to exceed 50 white inhabitants within the present limit'< of Manjuette county There was then nothing but an Indian trail from the " Mouth of the Carp" to the "Iron mountain." IJjioit the erection of the Jackson forge a wagon road was constructed from thence to the mine, and when, a few years afterward, it was concluded that our iron deposits would pay for working, the road was com- pleted from the lake to the mountain. Then a plank road was projected, commenced in 1853 or 1854, and completed in 1856. It was subsequently converted into a tram railway, on which mules wsre used as locomotive*, and answered the purpose for which it was designed until, in 1857, what is now the MARliUKHK & ONiOKAOON KAILKOAD Waa foinpletcd «!!d put into operation between Marquette and the Lake Superior Mine. This cntc;pii-c was originally com- menced in 18.'>3, by the late Heman B. Ely and his a-ssociates, who, in 1855, became the incorporators of the Iron Mountain Railroad of Michigan, which name it retained until o|)ened to the Lake Superior Mine, 1856, when it was consolidateil with the Bay de J*ioquel ;j iji ij pl ^l^ir !i'''i:^ j^i^Pfi-y^-^lii^'ffiWMtiVtTriii iilTiii -t-v 210 MINKH ANU KURNAOEH OK I.AKK rtUI'KKIOB. made by CoiiKrcKH. In virtue of tlicso trannferH it wa^ exiwcted llmt a railroad hue. would be immeiJiately built from P'onddu Lac to a \ni\nl on tho Mrnominoe Uivcr, in townsliin H north, range ;{(» .v«*t, from whence it wbh to diverj^c in two bruncheH— one to Marquette, and the other to OntoiuiKon. But the panic and Knaneial eri«is of that year prevented the jieKotiationn of the pni|)oned loans in Europe upon the l)aniM of the land grants; the Chicago, Ht. Paul tlf P'ond du Lac Company retained, however, the the Manpiette anic and iatioHH of the M with the Peninsula road the huMineHs of the Cleveland, Lake Angelino, Jackson, New England, McComber, Grand Central and Lough- tou. THE FIRST OPKNING At the Jackson mine, and, indeed, the Krst in the district, was made in the fall of 1846 Very little progress was made, how- ever, until after the building oi' the company's docks ai Mar- •juetle — which were commenced in 1854, an -.^•* wBmmm " f^ ' t^x" ^es/^" ^P^t^jgf.. 21-2 MINIS AND FUKNACE8 OF LAKE HUl'KUIOll. way was coinnlett.-l and put into operation as far as \ he Superior mine. Up to this time the shipments from the Cleveland had been less l!ian ten tlioiisand Ions, hut the completion ol the rail- way had the effect to i'lcrease shipuienLs very matermlly, the product f,;r 1857 being over 13,900 tons. For some reason ship- ments fell oif the succeding year, and rallied again the year after reaching 40,000 toni in 18(>0. THE CLEVELAND DOCKS At Marquette, which now have (1872) twenty-nine vessel, and six steamboat pockets, with an aggregate capacity of 2,200 tons, are to be extended, if weather and circumstances will permit through the winter, 350 feet, which will afford space for 54 additional pockets, or an additional aggregate capacity af 2,700 tons, making in all a pocket capacity of about 5,000 tons, and room to load six vessels at once. They will also construct, on the shore east of their docks, a bulk-head with GOO feet water front and 400 feet in width. Their bulk-head, or in-shure dock, on the west side of the ore-docks is 210 feet front bv 300 feet deep. So it will be seen that tney propose to have double theiv present dock room for the accom- modation of business next season. The stockholders of the Comps-jy have also organized a barge company, which is now having built, four steam barges, with consorts, for the transp()rtatii)n of ore, in order to relieve the oompany of the dictation and oi)p.?ssiou of vessel owners when transportation is brisk and -esse's scarce. The officers of the company remain as before, with J. C. Morse as the efficient agent and local manager, and F. P. Mills, mining Superintendent. We append a statement of the total product of the mine since the commencement : Year (iroKs tonn. Year. ia54' :it'00 18(i5.-. lijoi'i _ — 1,44'J 1 «()«.-, 1850 MW ; 18H7... lS;-)7 13,-.J04 1808 -- 1858 7,909 1859--- 1 R. MINEH AND FUUNACE8 OF :.AKK SUPEUIOK. 215 working an confounded 21 has been f^cr, a most O. Railroad altso to the jef'ore enjoy- ior, however, t it) to these >iiKned, and : niined and the Hpeciilar narkable, in •e, in the en- )re worked, was not ex- an vast and t deep. This I sides, at an titinuation of t end tliere is a the 90-foot ; ; and at the rrnwer space of the north ed to elevate oh is worked has been put depth of 130 ] made a few taken out by (eli in by not and it is now id promising n made from I distance of he drift, two nadc into the a, in ore, on points where latite 40 feet deep by 60 feet wide, and of unexplored length — possiblv as long as the main drift on the lower level — 400 leet — but most likely much longer. Suffice it, that this deposit of hematite astonishes the best miners, in its magnitude. It is intended to sink the peri)endicu- lar shaft low enough to make drift connections with the winzes which have been sunk below the lowest, or 130-foot level, now ready for the stopers. It will bf roadily understood, especially by miners, how much ore can be taken out of the line of 510 feet of drift which has been made in this mine, on the 130-foot level, and how much more can be taken ot.t aller the hoisting shaft has been carried deeper and drifts have been made to connect the winzes already down. The only question with stopers would be, as to the quality of timber, and the care exercised in putting it up to i)rotect them, while taking out the ore, for as there is no rock, and the deposit is composed chiefly of the soft dark and red hematite, the labor of mining will be almost as easy as the labor of dig- ging into a soap bank. We would not undertake to call this the finest hematite mine in the world, but it is certainly the finest one we have ever seen located under ground, and more extensive than any which has come under our notice, among those which are located near the surface, or on the side of a blufl', as they usually ar^. The "Hard Ore Mine," "Section 16 Miiie,'' the " Parson Mine," " Section 21 Mine," and the " Prolific Mine," all belong to the Lake Superior Co.» and show not only a large variety of ores, but all oi them of the best and purest qualities. The following is a statement of the product of this company up to the close of 1872 : Year. QroHB tonn. 1868 4,686 1859 24,668 1860 33,016 1861- -- 26,195 1862 — 37,709 1883 78,976 1864.— - 86 773 1865- - — 60,2'>1 1866 68,002 Year. GroBs tons. 1867 119,935 1868-- 108,745 1869 - 131,343 1870 166,582 1871 - 158,047 1872 185,070 Grand total. 1,275,919 THE NEW YORK MINE. This mine is located, as is well known, on the north and ad- joining the Cleveland. The geology of this mine seems peculiar to itself. Two parallel veins of ore have been worked for some eight years past. The south vein yields a very hard specular ore, which runs at times into a steel ore, the grauulation of which is almost as fine and compact as hammered steel. Upon taking a piece of this ore from the dump, and breaking it over the edge *. sy^ f^-i '^»w^$m^. mm~ ' -y^mmf^im: ' 'f&?m^^" ' " ' » ' - ^m^'^-'mjyx fm M^M !^4 w 216 MINES AND FURNACES OF LAKE 8UPEBIOR. of an iron-bound wagon box, we found a fractured face which preseuted a peculiarly tough and elastic appearance, with a fibrin 80 close that had it been presented, with finished exterior, as a sample of steel, we would have been puzzled to determine whether it was genuine or not, without the use of a glass or the appliance of a tool. This specular opening is now worked out for a distance of 500 feet, by 49 feet in width, the eastern end still yielding a good quality of hard ore, and the western end, which is being stoped on two or three levels, yielding the first quality of steel ore we have mentioned. On the south side of the eastern end of the opening, breast mining is being done under the hanging wall, following the dip of the vein, and there seems lo be no reason why a sha*"t or cross-cut into a lower level would not guarantee a good fa>.«^ of ore on the same area which has been worked over. A wall of rock some twenty-five feet wide, forming the foot- wall of the specular vein, intervenes between that and a parallel lode of slate and hematite. This wall is used as a working level for the derricks, pumps, dumps, skip roads, steam power, &c., in use in both veins The north vein, ot hematite and slate, dips to the north jand cast, leaving a " horse back,'' the wall men- tioned, between them. It has been worked out to nearly the same extent that the specular vein has been worked. The hang- ing wall of soap stone and slate rock, on the north side is being taken off, to expose, so far as possible, the lead of ore. This is quite an expensive operation, as the covering h quite thick, but it cannot be avoided because the formation is not sufficiently firm to remain as a roof. Some distance east of where the vein dips toward the east, a shaft has been sunk to tap the ore, and if possible get a good working face upon which to go back over che area worked down to the present level. This shaft is forty feet deep, but has not yet struck the ore. Drifting back under the old level, from tliis shalt, will probably next be done, to determine the prospects of the plan in hand. Neither of these mines are seriously troubled with water, and the machinery and fixtures for working them are very complete. A little distance north of these openings, and running nearly parallel with them, ano*her vein of slate and hematite is being worked. It seems to t. .i,end a distance of nearly one thousand feet, and is from ten to twenty feet wide. This is on the north side of, and running parallel wi!h, the Chicago and Northwest- ern railroad. Its depth we did not ascertain, as it was filled with water at the time of our visit, and workmen were engaged preparing for the erection of an engine and pump, to enable the miners to renew their operations. The following is the statement of the New York product for the nine years since the commencement of mining operations : ^^Mmrnm^^ ion. MINEH AND FUltNACEH OF IJiKK HUPEltlOB. 217 Mi face which with a fibrin exterior, aa a mi tie whether le appliance a distance of i yielding a eh is being itility of steel ■astern end of htuiging wall, b(> no reason not guarantee worked over, niiig the foot- md a parallel working level power, iic, in nd slato, dips ho wall meu- to nearly the I. The liang- 1 side is being ore. This is ite thick, but ot sufficiently rne thousand on the north d Northwest- it was filled were engaged to enable the c product for >perations : Year. OroHs tons. 1864 8,000 1866 12,214 1866 - — 33,761 1867 43,302 1868 45,666 1869 - 67,698 Year. GroHx tonii. 1870- 94,809 1871- -7fi,381 1872 68,950 Total 460,775 W. L. Wetmore, of Marquette, still ha.s charge of the business interests of the niiue. THE WASHINGTON IRON COMPANY Own an estate of 1,000 acres of valuable iron lands in Town- ship 47, Ratige 20. The company was organized in 1864, and mining operations coniinenccd the same year. The ofticers of the company are: President — Edwin Parsons, N. Y. Vice President and Superintendent — Edwaijd Breitung. Secretary and Treasurer — S. P. Ely, Marquette. Mining Captain — Gko. St. ('lair. Agents at Cleveland, A B. Tuttle & Co.; at Chicago, A. B. Meeker The first shipments from the Washington were made in 1865, since which time the figures have been steadily increased, as will be seen ny the following table, showing the amount of production for each year up to and including 1872 : Year. Gross tons. 1865 _ 4,782 1866 15,160 1867 - 25,440 1868 35,757 1869 - 58-462 Year. Grotw tons. 1870 - 79762 1871-.- - 48,726 1872 38,841 Total, 316,919 In 1869, the openings were embraced within a spacf of about 2,000 feet on what was then considered the principal, if not the only vein, which averages about 80 feet in width. Since tb 'n a number of new discoveries have been made, all adding la^^ely to the previously acknowledged value of the property. The company now have on the location about 100 buildings of all classes. A new railroad depot, hotel, and a drugstore, are among the new improvements. The company has also a general store, the sales of wliich amounted to $100,000 the past year. The system adopted for the operation of the Washington mine, at the commencement of 1872, is being carried out, so far very satisfactory. The geology of the mine is very |)eculiar, and it has hitherto been quite difficult to determine where or how the ipost effective blows could be struck. The deposit is very heavy, with an incline to the north and west, but is pocket- ed in such irregular form, with heavy walls of talcose slate be- tween, that until the openings were sufficiently extensive to de- (i m. sm simim ^ -:68 237.030 3t of 2 engine h shop,'! pow- iielling nouses, school house, ambers nearly and was first lumber of test ant discoveries lead to the de- largely to the te a fixed fact )erior ores must are now yield- lot be expected tent. Nor is it ines will be de- lOUgh there un- within the Ne- le Michigammi rticularly those ind everything points unerringly to the rapid development of the immense de- posit which are there known to exist. MICHIGAMMI DISTRICT, From Maj. T. B. Brooks' geological report : " In the fall of 1868 attention was uirected to this range and what is now known as the Spurr Mountain was discovered, or rather, I should say, rediscovered, ou the north half of thesouth- wdst quarter of section twenty-four, town forty-eight, north of range thirty-one west There is a lar^e outcrop of pure mag- netic ore (the largest I ever saw of this kind of ore) occurring in an east and west ridge one hundred and eighteen feet above the surface of Michigaiumi Lake. The direction of the bed is due east and west, dipping to (he south at a high angle. It pre- sents a thickness of thirty feet of first quality of merchantable ore, add facilities for commencing to nine which I have never seen surpassed. The exposure along the range is short, owing to the covering of earth, but, the magnetic attractions, which are very strong, continue east and west for a long distance, de- termining the position of the range with great precision. This ore is of the saiiy^ character as the magnetic ore of the Champion and Washington mines, differing only in being softer from the effects of the weather. A specimen collected for analysis in Oc- tober, 1868, by breaking indiscriminately numerous fragments from all parta of the outcrop and from the loose masses, with the view of obtaining a safe average, afforded Dr. C. F. Chandler, of the School of Mines, New York, the following constituents : Per cent Oxide of iron 89.21 - — Pure metallic iron 64.00 Oxygen with the iron 24.61 Oxide of manganeHe, a trace Alumina 2.67 Lime-- - - ^-^l Magnesia— - ^.19 Silica — - - »"'° Phosphoric acid, a trace. Sulphur —- - - - -^ 99.37 M'COMBER MINE. The latest and most important developments of the year 1870, however, have been at Negaunee. Half a dozen new mines have been opened in that vicinity, all promising the most valua- ble results. Late in the summer of 1870, Wm. C. McComber leased the Peudill farm, adjoining the village on the south, and proceeded to open a deposit of hematite, from which he has already mined and shipped over 5,000 tons of ore. Edward Breitung, Esq., followed suit, by leasing of C. T. Harvey, about 1,300 acres in the same locality. The existence of good ore II m I -*'»-^;?|!?s ^i' mittm •224 MINKH AND F'JUNACKH OK LAKK wrPKItlOH. U|)<)ii the Ilurvey property had been known to Mr. Broitiing for H niiinhcr ot'yeurH, from explortitiontt made by him in 1867, and it iippuarH that lie had been keeping the tact quiet until Much time UH h(! could Hucuro to hiniHelf the bcnefilH to be derived from the knowledge thus obtained. Hince obtaining a lease of the lands, extensive explorationn have been made, revealing the presencfc of immense beds of u peculiar but at the name time moxt valua- ble soft hematite, and, when it became known that Mr. Breituog would sub-let the property in small tracts, a very great desire was manifested on tlii' part of citizens to secure leases. Rough maps of the property were made and armed with pick an55 f' )1<. ^t" MINKH AND KUHNACEM OK IJiKK HIU'KMIOK. intituiig for III 1807, and til Huch tim« vetl fronj the )(' the laiulB, the prexenee llior't Vttlua- Mr. HroituuK great desire iscM. Kotigh k and Hhovel, viilleya until 'ifruiue i)f' an ■an think of. ' and excited til the whole \ or hrnis, ail neiise fortune, od mines, we cpectationH is of the nature ( mine of the !ly. It was ite a <|uantity 1 he look out two or three ce, at Sharps- leveland, and xing with the er cent, of an lixture. This supply a few in mining ore ormed a com- er, ClevelandJ velaud, Secre- July last, and h much vigor }n amount to my important jse of 8upj)!y- ind thorough ) and hoisting alls are to be eniently oper- friction gear supplied with aufBcient pocket receiving capacity to obviate the neceasity of waiting for cars or dumfMt when there may be any delay. A central drain shaft will be sunk to the depth of 150 feet, and supplied with the best pumping machinery. Additional side tracks, cars, <&c., will bo provided, and everything necessary to work the mine to its full capacity put in order for all the bus- iness which can be done next, season. THE UKPUHLIC IKON CO. The mine of this company is the famous Smith mountain, located on section 7, town 46, range 2i), being a part of 1,827 acres of land vwned by the company iu the neighborhood of the mine. The dejMMiit of ore lies behind a (piartzite rock which seems to form the bed of « small laka which lies on the north of Smith mountaiq. The quartzite is the basin and margin of the lake, making a curve from north-east and south-west to the north, forming a crescent around the south base of the water-b > SUPERIOR, ered, placed as it haa )rth-east of this open- rich black and slate 88 ore forma the bare |ut about a year. The test-pitting. A saw in, nine miles over a instructed — by the M., inienced in the most ctober last, a train of ocks, tramways,, pock- ne was fuU-tiedged for e location, a company extended as to have a 'ay, and the accommo- e pockets will be such snty cars at the same isand tons of ore every than those erected by lette district, and con- i' of the old companies, d church will be erect- positive as well as the BLAST FURNACES. As might readily be inferred, the most important manufac- turing interest on Lake Superior is the smelting of iron ore in the blast furnace. The attempt to establish iron manufactures on Lake Superior was made under many disadvantages, and at a time when, if successful, those engaged in the enterprise could not hope for large returns on the amount of capital and labor invested. It was made, in fact, before anything had be<^n done toward the development of the mines, and when it would have been next to impossible to get the iron to market, except at an immense expense for transportation. And, in fact, the first effort at iron making on these shores succeeded only in so far that it served to show the sterling qualities of the ores, and the readi- ness with which t^iey could be converted into blooms or pig metal. In the summer or fall of 1846, one year after the discovery of the Jack'ou mountain by Mr. Everett and his party, the Jack- son Company undertook the erection of.a forge on the Carp river, about three miles eas* of Negaunee. The building of the forge was intrusted to VVm. McNair, who was sent here as agent for the company. He had never seen a forge and did not suc- ceed in acc()mj)lishing anything toward its erection till the fol- lowing year. In July, 1847, Ariel N. Barney and his brother- in-law, Aaron K. Olds, arrived at the mouth of the Carp, having been sent up by the company. They were both practical iron makers, and expected to find the forge nearly ready for work. In this they were disappointed, as nothing had been done save that a few timbers had been hauled upon the ground ; they soon discovered that McNair knew absolutely nothing about the business he had undertaken, and it was not long until Mr. Bar- ney was empowered to go on and build the forge, and to him really belongs the credit of having built and put in operation the first iron manufacturing e8tal)li8hment on Lake Superior. The first bloom was made on the 10th day of February, 1848, by Mr. Olds, and wa.s hammered into bar iron by Mr. Barney. This is the correct date uf the first manufacture of iron on Lake Supe- rior. In May, of the same year, Messrs. Barney, Olds, and one or two others, started in a small boat for the Sault, taking with them about 300 lbs. of bar iron, among it the first bar made at the forge. This iron was taken to Jackson, and there exhibited as a specimen of what could be done on Lake Superior. 'iWS^;'^'<^i5Sl^gf'^^!J5S*<^3J!r;3rrr**' sr '!Cc ' .;jy : !: nra !n ? M^> 228 MINEH AND FURNACES OF LAKE 8UPEBI0B. The forge continued in operation till sometime in 1850, when it was abandoned. It never paid the interest on the money in- vesteil, hut, having served the purpose of a thorough test of the Jackson ore, the company very wisely concluded to i«b»iB. MINta* AND FTTItSACES OP LAKE SUrEMOU. 229 1 1850, when le money in- h test of the 1 i«b»Gdon it, the develop- south of the Ma«8.) cora- nce of A. R. 5 winter, and tutly built at lade by S. R. imeiit, ill the porary stack. )n to build a ices, ad one eiit into blaat tons of iron. enterprise of BU months, a ! company to :;hinery, leav- ng the Btock- eM. &0 R. juder the iin- of our most pies the posi- for the seven GroBB tonR. 5,952 4,792 4,356 35,352 revious to the menced mak- ime was occa- ely about the building of a f, nine miles 1^ the summer ast, a greater part of it, is now l)eing transported over thb road. In the meantime, extensive repairs have botn made on the furnace, and as the above figures for 1872 show, she is running under the most flattering auspices. The officers of the company are : L. H. Morgan, President. 8. P. Ely, Secretary and Treasurer. • C. DoNsKERLEY, General Agent. About two years ago, the Fayette furnace wrested the " broom " (the emblem of victory) from the Champion furnace, and has held it ever since, on 211 tons of pig iron made in one week. In August, however, the Morgan furnace, with its nine foot bosh, made an unprecented run of 230 tons ! It may be of Id - 't to charcoal iron men to know some of the details of the "> and ita working during the week, kindly furnished the wuier at the works by Mr. J. E. Barnum, the superintendent, and Mr. Carrol, the founder. The present height of the stack is 45 feet ; height of bosh, 16 feet ; diameter of the hearth at bottoir, 44 inches; diameter of bosh, 9 feet; diameter tunnel- head, 52 inches. Using two tuyera five inches in diameter, and 32 iches from botton^ of hearth. Pressure of blast, 28 pounds ; tem{)erature of blast, 700 to 800 deg. (F.) Charcoal is two-thirds hard an., one-third soft. Charge consists of Lake Superior «lat€ ore — 197 !b«- Lake Superior hematite ^o* lj»* Republic mine, ore. 591 Ita. Native lime BtoneL. 8.— - — „„ J^ Charcoal— 30 buH. About an average sample of the Lake Superior slate ore gave by analysis : M»*„lin irr- - 66 00 Metalic irr, — — oo oo Oxygen eob. . -h iron ■ - i^ ^^ Insoluble f. f /.Y Undetermi.iu >f nts and loss ^ ^- 100 00 Lake Superior hematite analysis : Metallic iron - -- ^^ ^0 Oxygen combined with iron i'* W Silica I "" Water — - ^ °" Undetermined ingredients and lo88 3 90 100 00 This ore contains small pieces of kaolinite, a soft, greasy- feelict "! ^eral, usually white or a pinkish color, and composed of a h> ijous silicate of alumina. mm0gg///g//igm''^'m'f^mm^i ^ •g- M; « g(>f ^ igti0m ' >^s}w\ ' »>^'m ' ^^^^^^ w nrtw 230 MINES AND FDBNACES OF LAKE SUPERIOR. A satnpk of the Republic mine ore gave by analysis : Metallic iron - 69 58 Oxygen combined with iron . 29 82 IiiHoluble residue 44 Undetermined ingredients and low 16 kkToo This will give an average for the charge of 65x24 per cent, of metallic iron. An analysis of the limestone (L. S.) afforded : Carb. of lime - — 49 10 Carb. of iron 43 Corb. of magnesia . . 4100 Silica - - 8 80 Loss, etc., _ 67 ioo~oo A portion of the iron should be estimated as a peroxide, as may be seen by a slight discoloration (reddish) of the limestone. An analysis of the cinder gave : Silica 64 Alumini _- 17 40 Protoxide of iron 1 26 - — 17 Lime- 60 Magnesia --- 7 90 Alkalies, loss, etc 1 64 lob'oo It will be seen that the ingredients of the cinder are very well proportioned for making foundry iron. The quality of the iron produced was 179 tons of an opened grained No. 1 foundry, 33 tons of No. 2 foundry, and 18 tons of No. 3. The amount of charcoal used was a traction over 100 bushels to the ton of iron made. The furnace worked very free, and did not act as if it was at all pushed. It require' but very little "working out," except "breaking up" tBe fire after casting. This is, for a charcoal furnace with a nine foot bosh, the best week's work on record in this country or abroad. — Mining Jour. THE BANCROFT FURNACE, Now owned by the Bancroft Iron Company, is situated on Dead river, about four miles from Marquette, and was built in 1860 by S. R. Gay, Esq. The first account we have of it is in 1861, in which year the shipments were reported at 2,430 tons. We are able to give a statement of the product of the furnace for every year except 1864-5, of which the records were destroyed in the fire of 1868. The following is the table, estimating the vears referred to : Year. Gross tons. 1861 6,430 1862 — 2,802 1863 2,626 1864 (estimated) —3,000 1866 (estimated) 2,700 1866- 2,451 1867 — 3,246 Year. 1868-. 1869- 1870.. 1871.. 1872- Gross tons. 3,800 3,407 3,710 3,860 4,260 Total- 38,261 ^i^.r/^'it.V** ■ unii^ ■■■V R. raw : — 69 58 — 29 82 44 — 16 100 00 24 per cent. — 49 10 43 41 00 8 80 67 100 00 peroxide, as le limestone. — 64 40 -.- 17 40 — 1 26 — 17 60 -- 7 90 — __1_M 100 00 ider are very of an opened nd 18 tons of ion over 100 ked very free, ire' but very after casting, bosh, the beet Mining Jour. ited on Dead buiit in 1860 it is in 1861, !0 tons. We 3 furnace for ire destroyed timating the QroM tons. - 3,800 3,407 - 3,710 3,860 4,260 38,261 ■^C*": rsf:- BflNKR AND FURNACFA OF LAKE SUPBBIOB. 231 The product of this furnace for 1872 amounted to 4,250 tons, 4,006 tons of which were shipped. In ..he fall of 1871, this furnace was rebuilt, and a 20.r()ot turret of iron put on th :< top A new casting and top-house was also constructed, the hot blast enlarged, and a new lining and hearth put into the stack, so that her product was increased 400 tons over any former year. She was very carefully managed, and will do still better, as the company have purchased consid- erable additional wood lanH and added eight 45-cord charcoal kilns to iheir coal capacity, to avoid the contingency which too often occurs, of being short of fuel. The officers of the Bancroft Iron Company are now as fol- lows : Peter White, of Marquette, President ; Samuel L. Mather, Cleveland, Ohio, Treasurer ; J. C. Morse, Marquette, Secretary and manager. THE CHAMPION FURNACE Is about thirty-two miles west of Marquette, near the east end of Lake Michigammi, and on the line of the M. & O. K. R. It was built bv the Morgan Iron Company, and went into blast on the 4th of f)ecember, 1867. Made the first year, in a run often months, 4,282 gross tons of metal. This furnace has made a splendid record for herself — the best, probably, of any in the district. Though out of blast two months during the time, she made in 1869, 5,560 tons of metal — an increase of 1,278 tons. Her average daily product during the year was Hi tons — though for the last four months it was very nearly 20 tons. She made during the time the largest weeks work of any charcoal furnace of the same size on record, b*'ing no less than 171 tons of first-class metal — an average of 25 tons per day. Her last year's make was accomplished with a mixture of Lake Superior hematite and the other three-fifths Champion slate and magnetic ores, and an average of 70 lbs. of flux. The average yield of these mixed ores was 64 71 per cent, and the average amount of coal 103 bushels. The following is a summary of tne product for the fiive yeare the furnace has been in operation : Year. 1868 1869 - 1870 1871 — Gross tons. 4,282 6,560 6,576 6,094 Year. Gross tons. 1872 — 5,006 Total 26,518 The furnace is under the immediate supervision of J. R. Case, of whose efficiency sufficient evidence is found in the figures given. There is a considerable village at and around the furnace, the company having a large store and warehouse, and about forty buildings for the use of employes. It is a point of consid- erable interest, being but a short distance trom the east end of n ^-H '-"■^tT:t'g-^ ;^'gr?J4^?Vi;'^'-'^' ' * ' *jy ' ^•E.,.:) 232 MINES AND FUBNACE8 OF LAKE 8UPEB10B. Lake Michigamini, one of the most beautiful ananic ; through the o the blowing iting and top raplete wreck, ining. With ; agent, coin- had ceased to d in drawing ad the build- the expiration ace la»t year ,nd went into , on columns, size as No. 1. oist, either of The boilers, furnace were 3 first furnace I good work in sufficient sup- i on the docks sr. there being a m lli feet of xcept in cases neighborhood of the furnaces, on Grand Island Bay, which is valuable alike for its timber, for coal and lumber. A State road has been worked toward Marquette, which will be completed the coming season. The distance is 40 miles. The following is the product of this location ; Year. '^°"*- 1071 .-.-. 3,597 mL:::::::::::::::-.:: - - 4.900 Total, 8,497 The officers and management of the company remain as be- fore. , ~ . The company has 52 brick and stone kilns, of size ensuring constant supply of charcoal for both furnaces. Both furnaces are run on the red specular ores, and make a speciality of iron adapted to steel rails and car wheels. The entire machinery— boilers, hot blasts and shi 11 stack for these furnaces was built' by the Iron Bay Foundry, of Marquette, D. H. Merritt proprietor, and are in every department equal to the best eastern work. WHERE THE ORES GO. The largest portion of our ores go to Cleveland, whence they are re-shipped to the coal fields of the Mahoning and Shenango valleys, by railroad. The freight from Cleveland to Youngs- town is about 81, to Pittsburg, 82. About one hundred furnaces in Ohio and Pennsylvania use Lake Superior ore, while nearly all the charcoal furnaces in the Northwest are supplied from our niinesy The number of furnaces is rapidly multiplying— the new ones built in 1869 increasing the demand for Lake Superior ore by at least 100,000 tons. THE MARKET For our ore is not confined to the Lake Erie ports, though they have hitherto taken the great bulk of the product. Our market place is the entire great West. The day is forever past when iron manufacturers east ot the Alleghanies will furnish the west with iron. They have ceased to do 80. Henceforth 75,000 out of every 100,000 tons of iron ore that goes to the coal fields west of the Alleghanies for man- ufacture will be from Lake Superior, while 90,000 out of every 100 000 tons of iron used in the West will have been produced west of them. Then consider the present population of the West— some 15,000,000— the rate at which it is being augment- ed—the commercial facilities which exist to foster and encour- age manufactures and the mechanic arts— the numerous rail- roads that must still be constructed, and the ten thousand other imp)PO\ ements that are rapidly developing, and which require vast amounts of iron. Another year will give us a new outlet -^-^^smmm^s^is's mmf^ f ^ ^ m ^ u .,,,.,.i^.., .^iv a-^ ^^ ,^gm^^ "^ 234 MINEH AND FUBNACES OF LAKE BUPEBIOB. throngh the western extremity of Lake Superior, and the con- struction of the Northern Pacific Railroad, which is sure to come, will lead to the building of huiidruv^s of lurnpces in the heavily timbered country that will thus be o[»ened up to trade and commerce. When we look at these facts, the question of market is forever settled. Then, in the course of human events, Lake Superior iron is going to Europe. With some this may ex- cite a smile, but ere long the fact will be realized, since, forcer- tain important uses, it has no equal in the world. STOCKS AND DIVIDENDS. The stocks of the iron mining and smelting companies are not offered in the market, the owners being perfectly satisfied to keep them ; nor are their profits and disbursements officially made public. Unlike most other Lake Superior stocks, those of our iron mines have never been heard of in the stock markets, from which facts the uninitiated infer they are barren of re- sults. The contrary, however, is the fact. They are so highly appreciated by those who hold them, that they are not only kept from stock boards, but are seldom heard of on the streets even. Such is the faith of those who hold them, that they are not dis- poned to part with them under any circumstances, having no- thing as a permanent investment that can and will bring them so sure and safe a return This being the case, the holders do not care to brag on their dividends abroad, but prefer rather to quietly share them. All the mines now working will pay divi- dends the present year. We doubt whether, in view of all these facts, there is an in- terest in the United States that promise better and surer returns for a long series of years, than the mining and smelting of iron ores in this district. And, in conclusion, we may safely add, that, considering the magnitude of its mineral wealth, the time is near at hand when the iron district of Lake Superior will as- sume a front rank in the sublime destiny of the great and grow- ing West, We are indebted to Swineford's HJRtory of the "Lake Superior Iron DUtrict for 1870-71-72," for the foregoing short sketcheH of Dome of the principal Iron mines of this region, and also the following RtatisticR re- garding the shipinentfl of ore, etc. The above histcry, with Hp|>endixes, contain a very full and correct account of all the mines, as published by Mining Journal, Marquette, Mich. Price, SI, 00. — Compiler of Beards Li- rectory. BMBH*BiaiM»«Sb^MBMidn » 'l» ' tivl w f.*! X r^ <»%. f^ ' -W€^.VU S5- -''* **' ^^^ MINK8 AND FUBMACE8 OF LAKE 8UPBRI0R. 237 he Lake Su- QruM tons. 64,697 15,068 40,949 -27,346 29,352 36,991 88,261 25,666 34,242 10,067 10,663 11,996 6,942 999 200 367,880 ) production 2, inclusive, nd Value. •oil. ouo $ 28,000 000 60,000 661 249,202 m 575529 668 736,496 400 419,601 311 984 977 070 1,416,935 955 1,867,215 539 1,590,430 309 2,405,960 987 3,475.820 059 3,992,413 241 4,968,436 319 6,300,170 604 6,115,895 250 9,188,056 803 44,373,833 The following table exhibits the total product of the several furnaces for the year 1872, together with the value : ^URHACn. Orow tona. Pioneer — ColJin* - Michigan Oreenwood Bancroft Morgan Champion Deer Lake ■> Jackson Schoolcraft Marquette & Pacific Roiling Mill (Pig) Marquette & Pacific KoUing Mill (Muck Bar). Lake Superior Cktmpanjr's Rit Furnace Value. 6,985 3,431 4,001 4,212 4,260 4,356 6,006 2,720 10,080 2,600 4,900 4,332 622 200 Toul. 384,176 188,705 220,085 231,660 233,760 239,580 276,330 149,600 564,400 137,500 269,600 238,260 49,760 11,000 63,196 t 3,476.726 The iron traffic for 1872, was divided between two railways as follows : lEON OEE. Over M., H. & O. B. B — 464,912 Over C. A N. W. R. R - 488,686 Difference in favor of C. A N. W. R. R PIG IRON. 33,774 Over M., H. A O. R. R 28,991 Over CAN. W.R. R -- - - 9.16» Difference in favor of M., H. A O. R, R- Total ore and pig iron over C. A N. W. R. R— Total ore and pig iron over M., H. AO. R. R— — 19,825 — 497,852 483,903 Totol Bhipmento 981,756 With a difference of 13,949 tons in favor of the C. & N. W. R. R, PiWj y tJinwi''' ' "">'■ '' ■"'"'"' ' HOMES AND FtTRNAOKS OF LAKE 8nt>ERIOR. The following table exhibits in grow tons the total product of each mine from 1856 to 1862, inclusive: MinM. OroM tona. Jackaon 1,197,226 CleveUnd - - 1,026,201 Marquette - 62,998 Lake Huperlor.- — 1,276,919 New York - - 460,780 Lake Angeline - 296,747 Edward* _ 121,077 Iron Mountain _— -— 16,594 Barnum — - 120,977 FoBter 73.781 New England- _ - i- - 108,809 Wanhington 308,919 Champion 234,867 Caacade.--- _ 39,240 Orand Central 14,766 McComber - 44,163 Parsong - - 1,896 Winlhrop - 26,027 riaginaw - - 19,160 Negaunee — - 11,687 Iron Cliflk red ore 874 8. C. Smith - -- 13,446 Republic -- - 11,026 M. & P. Rolling Mill - 6.772 Allen 8,707 Wilcox & Bagaley - 4,426 Mather - -- 2,288 Green Bay - 7,633 Franklin - 2,007 Albion - 1,100 PitUiburg & Lake Superior 1,160 Michigan - - 1,227 Quart* .- - 718 Excelsior—. -- .- 766 WUIiams -- - 447 Shenango 197 Pendill - - - 127 Michigamme 141 Carr- - — 18 Hariow 83 Sheldon - — - — 7 Total 6,667,373 »R. )tal product GroM Ion*. . 1,197,226 . 1,026,261 ,. 62,998 .. 1,276,919 .. 460,780 .. 296,747 .. 121,077 .. 16.594 .. 120,977 . 73.781 .. 108,809 .. 308,919 .. 234,867 39,240 14,766 44,163 1,896 26,027 19,160 11,687 874 13,446 11,026 6.772 8,707 4,426 2,288 7,633 2,007 1,100 1,160 1,227 718 756 447 197 127 141 18 83 7 — 6.667.373 MINBH AND Kl!HNArK8 Of LAKE HUPEBIOH. 239 THE ORE 8111PMENT8. The following is a statement of the Hhipmenta of iron ore and pig iron from Marquette for one week in August, 1873, and the total shipments thus far this season: COMPAHY. /rw» Or«. CleTeland Lake Superior Champion Lake Angeline--- WaKhington Edwartln— -- toComber inthrop -- mblic Albion..- KeyKtone Shenanffo. Himrou liematite. Bart Hematite — Kloman --- Xl IS^ a. 41,463 t)7,778 3l.3',i9 o,197 I9,")76 18,4i)« 15,4:io 1,9911 37,9H2 9.')4 5 709 3748 1.077 3,088 9,818 Total - — - Pig Iron. Champion farcace Morgan furnace Michigan furnace Greenwood furnace Bancroft furnace Grace furnace "--- (Jollins furnace Iron Cliff furnace M. & P. Rolling Mill 263,587 l,8"o 1,H04 1,683 1,127 1,747 2,288 483 60 100 1.8331 2.461' 930 i 1,103 1.883! l.«-,i8| 263 1 6,869 232 42;^ 128 1,304 Total - — - 11.167 Total ore and pig iron— - 274.754 26.798 301 552 24,900 ,H42 91 '87 743 180 455 43 296 73.611 33 79«t 6.132 20.67H 20,376 17.> (I 1 m .1 J 238 MIMES AKD FUBMAOES OF LAKE SUPERIOR. The following table exhibits in gross tons the total p- of each mine from 185G to 1862, inclusive; Juct Mines. Qrom tons. Jackston--- - 1,197,226 Cleveltiad.— - -- 1,026,261 Marquette .-- - 62,r 8 Lake Superior — - 1,275,919 New York— - -— 450,780 Lake Angeline 295,747 Edwards _ — 121,077 Iron Mountain 16,594 Barnum 126,977 Foster - - 73,781 New England- -- — i 108,809 Washington — — 308,919 Champion- 234,8C7 Cascade - — 39,240 Grand Central 14,755 McComber - 44,153 Parsons - - - 1,896 Winthrop - - 25,087 Saginaw 19,180 Negauneo - 11,687 Iron Cliffs led ore 874 8. C. Smith- 13,446 Republic 11,025 M. & P. RolJing Mill— - 6.772 Allen 8,707 Wilcox & Bagaley - 4,426 Mather 2,288 Green Bay — 7,633 Franklin — 2,007 Albion — - — — — 1,100 Pitt«burg <& Lake Superior 1,160 Michigan 1,227 Quartz - 718 Excelsior 768 Williams 447 Shenango 197 Pendill - 127 Michigarame 141 Carr 18 Harlow 83 Sheldon- - 7 ToUl — _ 6,667.373 -^.-.^- »»,. - .,.1i.)u-,..-,w.. ■■/v-*^'"^^'*''^'''' "#>^^.- ■■ ■■ 1 BDPEBIOB. ns the total p** Juct Gro88 tons. - 1,197,225 - 1,025,261 52,( 8 - 1,275,919 - 450,780 .- 295,747 .- 121,077 -- 16,594 - 126,977 - 73,781 . 108,809 - 308,919 - 234,8C7 39,240 14,755 44,153 1,896 25,037 19,180 11,687 874 13,445 11,025 6.772 8,707 4,426 2,288 7,633 2,007 1,100 1,160 1,227 718 756 447 197 127 141 18 83 7 - 6,667.373 MINES AND FUBNACE8 OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 239 THE ORE SHIPMENTS. The following ia a atalement of the shipments of iron ore and pig iron from Marquette for one week in August, 1873, and the total Bhipments thua far this season: COMPANY. Ir;'»' Howeii Hoppock - _h^f Total iron ore 315,177 PIG IRON. D^^rTakVr™ "_"."'---- - - — - l',990 EBcanaba Eurnace l?o Total pig iron b, F>92 ToUl jre and pig iron 320,769 Statement of shipments from the port of L'Anse up to and including August 20, 1873 : Spurr Mountain. — - ^1,230 Michigamine _'31_ Total — - 38,540 Statement of the toul uhipments of iron ore and pig iron from the Lake Superior i:on district up to Aug. 21, 18/3, (ex- clusive of ore to local furnace) ; IRON ORE. GroRs tons. Marquette — 288,487 Escanaba - 316,177 L'Anae JS.^l? Total - - -- 642,204 PIG IRON. Marquette - - - 13.0&6 Escanaba — 6.692 Total 18,667 Total ore and pig iron, 660,861 **•.« ^X^' evsRssisSPavn OR. iron ore and acluding the QrocH tona. 67,736 38,803 10,662 18,882 31,659 17,297 14,988 6,104 5,223 7,626 932 18,577 6,366 794 6,042 11,950 1,431 1,427 18,822 5,297 _V(239 316,177 3,117 — „-. 1,990 485 6.692 320',769 ise up to and 21,230 n,31() 58,540 and pig iron 51, 1873, (ex- Qrofia tons. - 288,487 - 316,177 - ^,640 - 642,204 -- 18,066 - 6.692 • ■ i?!?5! . . 660,861 APPENDIX. A STRANGER'S IMPRESSION OF MARQUETTE a)UNTY. The compiler of this, the finst Directory of Marquette county, feels very loth to cut Ioohc from his readerw without recor.liuK on these conclud- ing pages hif< own imprensions, cnule thuu^h they may oe, of this wonder- ful, rich and Iwautiful ri'gion, located in one of the moiit wonderful, rich and heautiful States of the Union. Wonderful for its greal expanse of pure sweet waters, magnificent scenery, and early as-touiationn. Rich in silver, copper, iron and other minerals, jiiade beautiful in its natural scenery, splendid location, and the purity and healthfiiliiess of the prevailing atmosphere. Seated on the verandah of Coles' Lake View House, we command a range of the spacious harbor of Marquette. A harbor s)00 feet above the level of the sea, and 000 feet ubove the cross which surmounts the spire of Triiiity church. New York. A harbor alive with all manner of steam and sail craft, which annually bear away to the busy world below, over a mill- ion tons of the purest and richest .if iron ore. A harlwr that sends fofih every year products equal in value to the foreign commerce of France, or Italy. Listen to the continual rumbling of the ore trains, (laden with the r'.ch yields of inniunerable mines far away into the interior, I as they swiftly follow one after another, thnxigh the city out on to the great trectle docks, into whose pockets they deposit their precious burdens, from whence it is poured into the hold of many ves.sels, and is thence distributed to consumers throughout the world. See in front of the city, and along the border of the broad lake the blaze ■ great furnaces, roaring night and day with the continued tires that redu the ore to marketable iron. Behold the extensive wharves, loaded wii> thousands of tons of coal and merchandise for home consun* 'on. Look on the fair city itself, the growth of only a few years, its .■ .j churches, convenient school-houses, substantial banks, elegant residences, and attract- ive business houses, and after inhaling a draught of the pure bracing air, you And yourself intoxicated with the many delightful and attractive sur- roundings. " The stranger who arrives at Marquette at night would have no diffi- culty in believing that he had reached a stirring business town. A light- house directs the mariner to the little bay, appropriately enough called Iron Bay, upon whose border? the city id situated. The government lireakwatei' that reachrn for a thousand feet across the entrance, had a num- ber of lights to show the situation. Every vessel at anchor under its shel- ter, at times renching the number of fifty, has a lamp in the rigging, and the long ore docks, high over all, have rows of gas lights As if this were not enough in the way of illumination, at the right hand and the left of the hay two gigantic furnaces send forth from their tall stacks a flickering flame that sheds a wave of light far over tlie waters." Here are located the U. S. Custom House, where were registered during the season of 1873, up to Sept. 23, vessels representing 380,917 tons. Adding to the alwve a large number of vessels of which no official record is kept, and we have the tonnage of vessels arriving at Marquette at over 400,000 tons. The U. S. land agency is also located here, and under the courteous K i.f3i>i i * ^; '.' cut ^ : y j " ■"Vrf u, ' : ' - ^" ^j 'nr'' . ^ .f' y- "^-V ' SW i t^f^ ' ^ -Af :? J^^^^^K ii.A^lm%.M^.i■.mm'mM;&,mmimmm^ ^^^ iV..: , 1 i;: mmditmlMMMmML^iibiiaXSi u APPENDIX. and able management of Mr. Ambrone Campbell, does a large and thrivine biiHineDM, The operatiunH of this otiice alone for ihe last tive yern would niuku a very iniereHting book. Although Maniuetie, bh melropolw of the great mining region of the NorihweHt, ii<^--atly interested in mineral pro>luctionH, yet there are many other brancheH of induxtry w'<- h have grown and now thrive within her limitH. Without any intention on our part, or any deHire on the part of itH ciiizenH to indulge in or be the recipiontH of adulatory puiting, we uannot go further without mentioning, for the benefit of many readers who have never vlitiled this region, an ntage of this arrangement is am)arent to all furnace men. The work, in boiler capaci- ty, Otis hoist, and every auxiliary belonging to a furnace is first class, in short the old stack, with its fixtures, has Eleen disposed of entirely, and the new one with its appliances, is of the most modern style, and first class. The furnace has been in blast something over three weeks, averag- ing up to Monday last twenty-five tons of No. 1 bituminous foundry iron l>er day. This week she has been fully burtheiied and promises hereafter to make at least thirty-five tons per day. The name of the furnace has been changed to the " Ueecher," and the work is in charge of Mr. John Fisher, a founder who is known as one of the bcttt in the country. THE ROLLING MILL. This department of the work resumed operations a few days ago, Aug. 1873, and has been averaging nine tons of muck iron per day, with eight furnaces, though later thirteen tons were rolled at a single turn, the 'boys' having concluded to see how the ' old thing would work ' put i' up to il« greatest capacity. It is expected to put thu department on double turn within a short time, when, of course, the product will be doubled, and average neiirly twenty tons per day. The merchant train embraces some twenty-four diflerent 'w of iron, and heating furnaces will be added just as they may be nece iry to sup- ply the local demand for merchant iron. Of late they have iieen making some bolt rod, on Hi>ecial orders, which is f^r su{>erior in strei „-th and gen- I and tbriviiis yei-s woulil region of the lei-e are many ve within her the part of iti) we cannot go I) have never rpriseHand in- brief notiw which we copy 3MPANY, iipany embrac- un the bay of muruliant bar icK cuiineciion u-Umt five hun- goo.l depth of ■i{)'>g condition ooU, factory, as erchant bar on 7,000 has been if the company rnace first con- lilive Htyle, but L'layer liot blant ly in use. Tlie K) that one, two t nta);e of ihia boiler capaci- I tirHt ciaxii. ill if entirely, and I style, and tiret weeks, werag- is foundry iron imiHex hereafter the furnace hai* ge of Mr. John untry. daynago, Aug. day, with eight turn, the 'boys' put ir up to its on double turn i doubled, and at ^ c.en of iron, ce.- .iry to 8up- e been making eii^-th and geo- APPEKDIX, III eral quality to iron which ifl imaally put upon the market for this purpose. It in not intended to make merchant bar and hold it in stock, but all deal- ers and consumers in this region can be supplied by this mill with any grade or size of merchant iron which they may have use for. The, mill is to be known as the Marquette Rolling Mill. It is in charge of Thos. Jewell, Esq., late of the Wyandotte mills, who is a gentle- man of large and thorough experience. A portion of the property belonging to this company is the Rolling Mill hematite mine, on the Negaunee hematite range, which haa always been acknowledged to be one of the finest hematite minefl in this district, James Bale, Superintendent, The dock and grounds are under the suiter- vision of Geo. L. Beecher. Mr. Beecher baa the authority of the compa- ny to put the premises in complete order, and the plan embraces a fence in the water front as well as one to separate the iron works from the high- way, and to erect such buildings and make such external improvementa as will put the plant in complete order, and make it express by its appear- ance just what the owners desire, thrift, order, system and prosperity. The stockholders have selected \V. L. Weimore. Esq., President, Peter White, Esq., Secretary, and Wm. W. Wheaton — late of Detroit — Treasurer and General Agent, with Chas. Jenkins an Assistant Agent. Mr. Wheaton enterx upon his work with a zeal and energy which foretells success, and there is the best of reaisons for believing that the old Marquette and Pac- ific "Iron Works — now the Beecher Furnace and the Marquette Rolling Mill — ha» entered upon a career, with nearly one hundred men employed, which will, before the expiration of twelve months, give work to three or four hundred men. _, Nest in order comes the' very extvnsive foundry and machir ., ►■iiops of D. H. Merritt, F-eq. These alwpn occupy a large area of river front, and are well supplied with ail the modern and improved machinery necessary to carry on a busi- ness of this kind in all its extensive details. Boilers of any capacity, en- gines of any power, and machinery of any description, can be turned out of these extensive shops, equal in workmanship and design to anything that can, be procured in other cities. These •^orks have grown up step by step, and are a standing monu- ment of that zeal, enterprise and liberality which characterize the citizens of Marquette. in this connection the establishment of Jas. Picands & Co., wholesale dealers in heavy hardware, etc , may be mentioned, as a proof of the de- mands and needs of this rapidly increasing country. To such an extent has the growth and wants of this region been brought, that it was deemed necessary by Messrs. Picands <£• Co. to establish a large branch house in Ishpeming, although a glance at the variety and completeness of the stock at Marquett* wouIJ jieem to convince any one that the "lemand must indeed be enormous to equal the supply alrew^y on hand in their extensive warehouses. The prosperity and high commercial standing of this house is only one of the niAny instances whtre success has attended the honorable effbrta of competent and liberal business men commencing and growing up with a new country. Marquette is peculiarly favored with thii> class of citizens. We could make a book filled with the lives of men who have gone to Mar- quette poor, and in a few years have passed through an honorable and enterprising career to immense wealth. In fact we had a desire to publish in this work the business career of a few of Marquette's prominent citizens, but their well known modesty and natural delicacy'of feeling in regard to being " put in print," or made conspicuous, forbade us in indulging in any remarks where only deserved eulogium might appear to them, like com- pliments bordering on dattery. .1 i inplete, well munt^'ed and giving employmeni to a large number of iukii. There in quite a large Hash, blind and door factory, supplied with lumber from several saw mills advantageously located throughout the county. Also, several prominent building Arms, and we believe a large company for that pur|>ose is now being organized, with Mr. Alfred Green, a well-known and competent architect and builder of Marquette, as President, or general manager. In short, all the trades may be said to be represented here by com|>eteiit and skilled workmen, it being a notorious fact that whatever a Marquette man or woman wants, that want must be supplied with the best. There are two banks located here, the 1st National, with a capital of 40U,000 dollars, and the Citizen's bank, with a capital of $200,000, The First National has just completed k magnificent building, (of Lake Su- perior stone), which not only affords large accommodation for office and store room, but is an ornament to the city. Both of these banks do a large, safe and profitable bu.iiness, and eniov, to the greatest extent, the conlidence of their de(>osUors and the public generally. One feature of this section of the country may be mentioned here ; we mean what are called "genera l^stores." One of thsse stores, Pen- dell & Beatty, deal in almost everything consumable, and employ about fifty clerks. Watson <& Sons, variety store, comes under the same head, and carries an immense stock of ditierent kinds of goods absolutely bewildering to enumerate. The business done by these firms is really enormous. Another one of the features of Marquette, extensively patronized by all the tourists visiting the region, is the store or museum of Mr. T. Mead, where can be found some very fine mineral specimens, consisting of silver, copper and iron ores, crystals, agates, etc., etc., etc., many of the products of Indian industry, in the way of birch canoen, bead work, etc Here, also c»n be found the papers and magazines published throughout the country. Mead's, especiaJly in the summer season . is the great resort and he!id quarters for strangers seeking the amusing, useful, and fiarvel- lous in and around Lake Superior. Marquette is rather famous for ita handsome and intelligent women, and there are very few cities outside of New York where the ladies disp'ay better taste in dress and general make up than hcr> It rcKiuires some judgment and capital to cater to the fastidious wants oi hese belles, but a visit to the large dry goods house of Wetmore & Co. would satisfy any one that they need not go out of Marquette to be suited in anything in this line, from the moot expensive laces and dress goods to the cheapest of every day wear. As the city grows, different lines of buxiness become exclusive, &nd as a proof of the growth of Marquette we have been somewhat particular in calling attention to the ditierent business houses of Marquette. The house of H. M. C. Karl, with a branch at Ishpeming, for the exclusive sale of Boots and shoes being among the most prominent. The grocers carry as fine and well assorted a stock in their lines as can be found in any large city ; Earl & (Jo. doing the leading business, while the jewelry Luniness as represented by Mr. Conklin, cannot be exceeded for same amount of capital invested, in any city in the Union. One of the most complete drug stores, including a fine laboratory and manufacturing department it has ever been our good fortune to visit, is located in Manjuette. The business done by this hou."», taking into consideration the size of Marquette, is something wonderful, and is only another proof of my before as.'ierted fact, regarding the enterprise and business tact prevalent in Marquette, to whose citizens it would be un- necessary to mention the name of H. H. IStaiTord, as proprietor of the of the Mtu"- luuiit^'ed ar.d (|iiile a large al 8aw niillH I pruiiiinent r|K)«e is now 1 competent ariager. In ii|)eient and a Marquette beHt. 1 a capital of ;00,000, The (of Lake Su- for office and enH, and enjov, d the public be mentioned le stores, Pen- employ about id, and carries ewildering to noiiR. patronized by m of Mr. T. I, consisting of :., many of the ead work, etc ed- throughout he great resort 1, and fiarvel- ligent women, ladies display requires some e belles, but a lid satisfy any in anything in he cheapest of elusive, &nd as ; particular in f. The house elusive sale of :ir lines as can Misiness, while t be exceeded on. laboratory and rtune to visit, i.'O, taking into jl, and is only interprise and would be un- iprietor of the "- ' .V Ujr i U ! ^ APPENDIX. above store, he being so universally popular e,peculiar to this region, in that of the iron expert. These gentlemen must necessarily pos- sess qualifications of a rare nature. They are called upon to m»ke ex- ploration:*, assay ores and report upon their qualities, examine titles, pay taxes, make collections, etc. There are several firms of this kind in Manpiette, whose advertisements appear in the front part of this work, and to whom we can refer as worthy of all and every confidence that may be reposed in them. Enright & Spencer represent the harness business in Marquette, and supply large demands on tfieir stock from all over the Lake Superior re- gion. It is from this port that the celebrated varieties of brown, mottled and clouded sandstone, which for beauty, durability and adap'ability to general building and ornamental purposes is unequalled by any other stone. See advertisement on pages 27 and 119. While the slate from the Quarry, represented by W. L. Wetmore as President, is of a quality and fineness absolutely equal, if not superior, to any other siate in the market. We must not forget to mention the Mining Joubnal, to whom we are under too many obligations to pass lightly over. Perhaps there has been ro one cause more than another which has tended to enhance the interest in mines and mining affairs as much as this great mining organ of the Northwest. Too much praise cannot be bestowed upon this .Journal, for the enterprise, ability, and business man- agement exhibited by its proprietors. Their corjw of editors and attaches I." large, wmplete and very competent. Their outfit in presses and type is of the most improved class and quite extensive. In their job rooms they tu rn out as good work as is ever done in the average of first class printing houses ; and lastly, they publish a 12 page Journal, finely printed on good paper, ably edited, and which no one interested in anything pertaining to iron or minerals should be a day without. In connection with the office is a bindery equal in itii apimintments to any emergency. We have dwelt somewhat on the business interests of Marquette, and although we know that we have not done it full justice, yet we cannot but wish we had the space, ability and power to introduce all the buninunA men of Marquette to the notice and consideration of business men of other cities. The writer of these lines had necessarily much and frequent inter- course with the (commercial men of Marquette, and never in a single in- stance met with anything except the utmost courtesy, forbearance, patience and liberality, (for it is not always pleasant to be bored for subscriptions, advertisements, and general information). The impressions made U|X)n hia ..-v^:; />/ •"* -., # J t:: VI APPENDIX. W *?■ mind are of the plesRanteat, and we Hay to any one Reeking new fieldn for labor if you are looking for a place where, by your induNtry and buRineM <|iialificationH, you dei*ire to add to your own utore, and the pr.,«}>erity of your adopted city, go to Man|uette. Any man of thift dew-iplion will be received with open arniH, and he will lind friends at every turn. To the invalid or touriHt, needing a few weekn recreation, we rei-oniniend them liy all nieani) to rteek the pure air and splendid climate in and around the fair city of Marquette. Sailing over the broad, clear waterH of Lake Huperior, trolling for the large 30 (>ound lake tii*h, beating the mountain HtreamH for npeckled trout, visiting the rolling mill, furnaceH, niinen and other objectii of intereHt will nerve to paiw away Heveral weekn in an amiiHing and profitable man- ner. The hotelti here are well kept, very comfortable and ohargex reai«m- ublc, and araongfit other attractive featurcH we call attention to the follow- ing itketch, from the Mining Journal, of the new park and cemetery : "The people of Marquette are remarkably well favored with tlie grand in nature — in the IuIIh and valleyR, the swift-flowing river and the rivulet, the expanRU of lake and Rtretch of nhore line, the riHing jilain und unnumbered tintM of foliage, by which the city Ih Rurrounded. It would l>« difficult to Rclect a point which o\Z h a greater divertiity of Rtriking und beautiful Rcenery, in the midi". / a moving commerce which ifl averting itoelf as the mist jKiwerful ',<> the world. A finer picture never covered the canva.ii the lake, covered with full growth trees, witli a wide lawn and drive lietween the mound and the lake. Fronting the mound, and near the center of iti* length, there has been left in the lake within a few feel of the shore, a forniiition 'vhich is peculiarly adapted to a small island. This island will lie ciillivated in shrubbery and a small observatory placed uiion il. to which access will be given by an arched bridge suthcienlly high to allow of the passage of boats beneath it. "From this iioini looking to the north, and about six hundred feet dis- tant, lying parallel with the east shore of the lake, with hut a narrow chan- nel between, there lies a ntu'iitor-shaped island, with a huge granite rock rising from the middle Home six or eight feet high, and twelve feet across the top, having the ap[iearaiice of a turret. In the crevices of this rock moderate-8ized maples and evergreens have taken root, and it is susceptible of being oouverted into a most lieautiful and novel object. With shrub- bery upon the deck and the rock dressed to conform to the appearance of a turret, covered with evergreens, nothing could be made more striking or novel. "To the left of this point is aiother island, sutliciently large to he adapted to the cultivation of evergreens and such shrubbery as will be best adopted lo lieaulify it. "A series of archtd bridges will extend in an east and west line, con- necting the evergreen and monitor islands with the shores of the lake, and the amount of beauty and interest which may be added lo the approaches, the briJges and the island will begoverneti entirely by the amount of labor and taste expended upon them. The situation of each, and their relative position, is such as to admit of any amount of ornamentation, and the whole CHii be made h reality, far more attractive than most pictures so far presented of any park or garden thrown open to the public in America. "The interest does not cease here. East of this lake are several acres of wild and primitive land, with hill and valley, rock and forest, which can be converted by the mere touch of the engineer into pleasant walks and drives without disturbing the natural beaiilv of the location. Near the extreme north-west boundary of the grounds is a rocky prominence which commands a view of the lake in the cemetery, the cemetery and a large portion of the city and Lake Superior. This seems especial I v in- tended lor an interesting spot, and will be llie most attractive feature of the entire ground on account of its prominence. And all that portion of the tract north and east of the lake 18 of a character which furnishet. the best plat pctical l)eaiity cannot t>e NiirpawuHl. "Thin conipriiwM the Icadinx featureH of the park and cenieterv of Mar- quette, hill docH not hy any nieanii comprise the Jc' /, or ituerent, in de- tail, which can be found in the combined attractionn of the plac-e. We iMtlievv theimintry hoMoot yet ftirniahed itHer the call of Hcholarx in veKetabie or geolof(ical Kcience. "Several hundree Hulwtituted, and a hiwii culti/ated next year. KngineerH are now ciignf^ed m Hurvey- iiiK the property with a view of tixinx upon linen tiy which it fihull be liiiidH('ape>een piled with lime to haxten itH decompottition, for the purpone of having ii ready to UHe next year in all canefi where it in demanded to atwiHt vegetation. The avenueH are l>cing graded with graniUj woii ; and a great auiount of other work ii* being Hay, that for beauty of land- »oa|K', pointH of enpecial interewt to the lovern of the curioux, novel and beautiful, we believe the Manpiette park will flurpiiiw them all. ''The plan of combining the two, itHeeiux, in original with Marqnetle, and the iniluence of the plan must reHult in their muliial advantage. The premiHert will bepro eriy ]>oliced and the park will l>e protected, while the tombs of the dead, and the respect due thoHe who have pniwed away, will inxtill a Hpirit of decorum, and an a(>preciation of the good iind the beauti- ful into all who enter the ground, which feeling will itervude and Hurround the pla<'e aw with a charm of case, and repose, and acfmiration," The Holly works improved furnixh an ample supply of pure, fesh water to its 7,000 inh^tbitants, while extensive gas works illuminate the city with a pure aixl brilliant light. And now, in bidding adieu to Marquette, and its hospiiable, enterpris- ing and liberal citizens, we wish them all the success, pronperity and growth which they most iwsuredly deserve, and wending our way to the de|>ot of the Marquette, Hought«>n and Ontonagon railroad, prepare to give our readers some account of other towns in the interior, ai d in order that thev may not think we are blindly enthusiastic in all that concerns this region, weappeiieople at the station in Marquette await- ing the departure of the train for the mining region. Every seat in the coiiches will be found filled, many persons standing in the aisles, and all available space in the baggage car occupied. The larger number of the passengers — men employed in the mines in the vicinity — have been down to Marquette on matters of business ; others are new arrivals jnst going into the interior in search of jobs. wamm ^ ■■» ^^; APPENDIX. I', wliich Tojf- elerr of Mar- iterwt, in de- pliice. We iiicli liim been i-x (if land and all tlieattrac- irct'riK, Hhnib- Hiirroiiiiding of HcholarH in ' Wn»hinjfton M) HiilMtltiited, (t>(l in Hiirvey- li it rIiuII b« vated and the • the |iiirp(me demanded tu t)i miil ; and a completion of : we are claim - te , l)iit having iidin^ tliDxe at it. lM\m, and >eaiit.v of land- UH, novel and all. itii Marqnette, vantage. The cled, while the led away, will ind the beauti- I and Hiirround m." of pure, f'eHh iliuininate the ible, enterpriH- >ronperity and iir way to the •repare togive I in order that concerns thi» ■anger in thene ee Premi, who )ad iian other I merchandiKe 'Htined for the rquette await- •y neat in the ainleH, and all number of the ive been down alf) jnst going A BIJMV AHPECT. "Among the rent are iiever.-il Rwediah anri Oernian minent, who are oun- ducting to their future quartera relativeH anii friendu, fr««h iininigrantfl, juMt landed from the lake HteamerM. There are contractont and btiildurx, very buHy, having much work on Uixnd that neeerty and pro)t|)«ctive locationa guiding ittrangt-rx to a view of the richnena of the land. " Iron and furnace men from I'ennitylvania and other Stalea have come to latinfy themxelveM of the advaritagex oHered by the util Kalex. Kailroad men and vcHHel captains are intent on hurrying up HhipmentH, and Kiimmer touriHtH on Hc^ting the Htrango xightx of a mining region. Every one haH xomething to talk about, and the Mow of con vernation ia Htrangely in contriiHt to the usual refwrvs and Hilence of pamengerx in railroad can* in other l«nion connecU with a L»ke Hin>erior iron mine the iile« of a miWterranoan worliing in the uroiind U) which accewi i« had by means of narrow Hhafwof iinaruin deplTi ami conitUnt glooiu and darknentj, he will be i|iiiiu diH«|i|KiinUHl on witnewing tli« reality. Oi>er»tionii in mining are iixually l*giin at tlie Hide of a hill or mountain, upon which explorationn and teBl piln have revealed the pre«ence of ore. The limber ia first cut down and the nurfate noil removed. Then, if the vein Ib immediately at the outidde or foot of the hill or mountain, an in HometimcH the cajie, nothing remiiinH to be done but U) atUck with drill, and i)owder, and pick and HJiovel, loatl it into carta or railroad cam, and draw it away. Vore fre- <{iientiy a out wide enouph feriiendicular, and when tiiey are puntued for any dinlance the hanging wall in Mupported by timl)erH, iSomciimeH an iuland or " liorHe" of rock obtriideH iiHelf in the very midrtt of ii vein. Ju hucIi caHen, if very large, i». is Hutlered to remain and the windingH of the valuable nuneral followed around it. In some mincH, aH the Jacknon, interposing walls of rock between large depoHiw of ore are tunneled through, giving ndmiwiion to railroad coth, into which the ore Ih Hhoveled direct from iUt original bed. MODUS OPERANDI. "At the firHt opening of a mine horxea and carta are driven into the opening, and the ore removed to a " Htock pile," which in a vaHt heap con- tigiiouH to the railroad track, or carted direct and dumped through MhuotH into the railroati cnrH. An the mine progreHxeti in depth, of courHe it be- comes inconvenient, if not im|M>s8ible to drive into its abyss horses and carts, as however great the superiicial opening the impracticable point will ultimately be reached. Wo in some of the older mines are used inclined railway tracks and cars, in other tracks well nigh perpendicular, traversed by cars of boiler-iron denominated "skips," and ingeniously devised to dump their contentM when at the summit without jumping from the track. Powerful engines are used for hoi'^ting in such mines, and for pumping, though in the summer season, but little water tinds its way into the bottom. AT WORK ON THE ROCKY FACE. " Into these broad pits, open alike to the sunlight and the rain, the hanly miner betakes himself, and with his sledge and drill attacks tho glistening face of the ore-bearing rock. The miners proper work in gangs of three, usually, and are paid by the foot or cubic fathom. Perching himself where directed by the captain, at a convenient place, upon the side or the bottom, he starts his drill, :'.n instrument of steel, of no great length, which is driven into rock by the re(>eated blows of his stalwart colleagues. \ XTUKmilK'SMKm^^imt. ittB d the itle* of a by means of rkneM, he will n mining are ezploratiunH ilwr ia firnt cut mmediately at he cane, nothinu and pick and A' ore fre- jh the interven- determineK the the vein on the an to retteuible iiini- priniiiilea 8 iiiwagc in whip), bly, to oiwningg iimM llu' contjjjy. lerally H|>fuking, ■ry lottoni of the rpendicular, and I tH Miipported by JeH iittelf in the itlt-red to r«;muin ind it. 1m Home large depoHiin of rH, into whicii the 3 driven into the a va»t heap con- i tliroiigh MhuotH 1, of course it be- abysH horHes and ticable uoint will ire uiteu inclined licular, traversed JUHly devised to ; from the track, md for pumping, J into the bottom. and llie rain, the drill attacks tho ;r work in gangs Lhom. Perching ice, upon the side fno great length, ilwart colleagues. •^^r- Ari'KNDIX. XI BLAMTINU. " When a sufficient number of hole* of the proper inclination havt- l>een drilled to give a '• god or easier workefl than others. New York mine, situated at Ish|>eniing, has a vein sixty-tive or seventy feet in width, the opening being 54M) feet superlicial in lenuth, and down at the present time some sixty feet, dipping at an angle of atstut 3U (ie^roos. Ke- centlv, at a single blast, 1,075 pounds of giant powder lieing used, over 4,0UU tons (8,U0U,IHX) |HJunds) of ore was thrown from this mine DIFrKREMCK IN VEINH. " The hematite veins are easier workeon some of the same locations are foinid IxHh classes of ores. It may Ite said, however, that the hematite mines have not l>een so energetically worked as those containing ores of the harder varietiea. ExrKNHICM UF A MINE. "A considerable ex()enditure is attuched to the working of a mine, so that if valuable ore in found u|mmi a side hill, awaiting the pick and shovel of the miner, he cannot att^'-lt it without tirst making extensive prepara- '.ions. In the first place dwellings for workmen have to be erected, which is no nlight task when the iiuniber reaches, as it dues in most cases, tifty or more, -^evt'ral locations liave a hundred. Then roads are to be cut, and switches and side tritcks made, platforms and spouts for loading cars built, and repair sho|>s put u(). in ulaoes remote, stores have to be supplied, and giHuls of all descriptions kept for the use of the lalxirers and their families. It frequently happens that months are consumed in this prelim- inary labor. TIIK miner's homes. " riif dwellings of the workmen are either frame or !6g houses. If the former, xoiiietinies painte