CIHM Microfiche Series (IMonographs) ICMH Collection de microfiches (monographies) Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian da micruraproductions historiquas QQA Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. Coloured covers/ Couverture d« couleur r~> Covers damaged/ Ly_l Couverture endommagte □ Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture r.'tauree et/ou pellicula □ Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque n n Coloured maps/ Cartes giographiques en couleur Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Relie avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serree peut causer de Tombre ou de la distorsion le long de la marge interieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouties lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais. lorsque cela etait possible, ces pages n'ont pas M filmees. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplementaires: L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a M possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-4tre uniques du point de vue hibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la methode normale de f ilmage sont indiquis ci-dessous. □ Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur □ Pages damaged/ Pages endommagto □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaurees et/ou pellicultts Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages decolorees, tachetees ou piquees □ Pages detached/ Pages detach^ 0Showthrough/ Transparence □ Quality of print varies/ Quaiite inegale de I'impression □ Continuous pagination/ Pagination continue □ Includes index(e$)/ Comprend un (des) index Title on header taken from: / Le titre de I'en-tCte provient: □ Title page of issue/ Page de titre de la I □ Caption of issue/ Titre de depart de la □ Masthead/ Ge livraison livraison Generique (periodiques) de la livraison r This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est filme au taux de rMuction indique ci-dessous. • w^\ r~^ 1 I4A p-"-^ m^^mm r— ^ 18X 22X 26 X 30X J 12X ^6x 20X 24X 7f)X J 32 X The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Harriet Irving Library University of New Brunswick L'exemplaire film6 fut reproduit grflce d la g6n6ro8it6 de: Harriet Irving Library University of New Brunswick The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. Tf.e last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol ^^- (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les images suivantes ont dtd reproduites avec le plus grand soin. compte tenu de la condition et de la nettet6 de l'exemplaire film6. et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimde sont filmds en commen9ant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration. soit par le second plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmds en commen9ant par la premidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra ':.jr la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — ^-signifie "A SUIVRE". le symbole V signifie "FIN ". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre fllmds d des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est film6 d partir de I'angle supdrleur gauche, de gauche d droite. et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d 'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) 1^ 'iM m 1^ m Ui in Ih r i!25 i 1.4 1.8 1.6 ^ /jP 'UED IfvHGE Ir t653 East Main Street r!oche»ter. New rork 146O9 ii^;* (715) 482-0300 -Phon. (716) 288-5989 -Fax .•^.,^- REPORT \ B K A ^ ON ^^"" Of New Bttvt^' Immigration to New Brunswick, (^ I In 187ia. BY THE Hon. B. R. STEVENSON, SURVEYOR QENERAL.. ^^1 ^^-'%J SAINT JOHN, N. B. : DAILY TELmRAPH ANn JOURNAL PRINTING AND PUBLISHING OFFICE, ./ REPORT ON Immigration to New Brunswick, IN 18 7 2. BY THK Hon. B. R. STEVENSON, SURVEYOR GENERAL. SAINT JOHN, N. B. : DAILY TELEGRAPH AND JOUBNAL PBINTING AND PUBLISHING OFFICE, 1873. a la be mi G( Pi D. Ti Jo Nc Co; To I] Imr porl T of t: t: faeil atioi W wicK from It that agin{ (licio And John ionG REPORT. To nu Honor, the Ilonorabh L. A. Wilmot, D. C. L., LimUnnnt Governor of the Province of New Brunswick:— May it please your Honor : The administration of tho Immigration Policy of the Government having been largoly entrusted to n.y care I have tho honor to report what has been'done tlui ing the past year, in relation to this important subject. THE DOMINION GOVERNMENT AND IMMIGRATION. A ffi«eat deal of interest, and in some particulars, remarkable enthusiasm has been developed in the promotion of the welfare of this Province by means of Im migration ; in consequence, to a large degree, of the liberal policy of the Dominion Government as agreed upon at a conference of Delegates of the Canadian and Provincial Governments, held at Ottawa on the nineteenth day of September A D. 1871; at which the late Honorable George L.Hatheway, Provincial Secretarv" Tiie Honorable William M. Kelly, Chief Commissionei ^f Public Works and John Pickard, Esq M.P for the County of York, represented the Pro Lie of New Brunswick, whose report is as follows :— Copt of a Report of Delegates appointed to attend an Immigration Conference at Ottown i„ a ;X"l8^"' ^'-^"^^^ - ""^ ^-"-^ ^^^ Lieutenanf Governor'^;;,:: V.ZV:^ IZ Having been appointed by Your Excellency Delegate., on behalf of thi, Province to attend fh« Imm.grat.on Couference held at Ottawa in September las, we beg to submit SefonoTgie" of '^hl s?m?m:ntl"' '' ''''*"' °" *'' '''' '^^*'''"- " '"' ''°"*'"-'' **« «-«'- -*" the 22nd The General Government and the several Provinces of ina T^nminir.,, „„ facility was afiorded us for expressing our viewsoTthVub;^^^^^^^^^^^ ^J?'' ation given to all we had to advance on beh.lf of New Brunswick ""*''"' We urged the necessity of affording ai.l to the Maritime Provinces, esneciallv tn w„», i, «iCK, as we are utterly unable to appropriate a -urn at all sufflcTen f^r' iloon 1 """" from our very limited Revenues. ""•^-'i-ni lor immigration purposes It was agreed by the representatives of the Dominion Government present at th« Pnnf that the sum of ten thousand dollars should be placed in tho EstSes forT. n. ^°?^«'-^'«=«' aging Immigration to New Brunswick ; and we Lve good re„rto tlit;^^^^^^^^ "T"^'' die ously expended it will be continued to us until our population amountofLl/i^^^^^^^^ 'ZsZ' And we are happy to inform Your Excellency, thatiu a communi.»tinn ,. JJ!L ." „f*^''ll"!.»!l^- Certain frmi of ». Wo,-v„..„ '""-"'•. -Py of which ,. 20th Pnhroary, 1872. Wo ittvo the honor to bo, V'our :;xcellonev'. obe.Il..„» . WM. M. KKLLY, JOIJN I'/CK^„n, The terms of the " Prnnn^nA a i reposed Arrangement " above ..r.for,od to MEMOKANDUM OP TEHMft nv, » "'''' •"' ''""«^« •' U.o„, Olu,^.„jH'™™''"'»'S'"i<>n Office. .,g„,i^„„„„, ,^ """' •ncl.liorevnel,„,|,„„„ '™°"'«lB«U"«r; ii. M«„|,„b. . „, ;" """•""»'»« oOto p„,„, ;. sue,. a,.„„ „ .„.„ , ,_^ ^^^_ "^......0 .„.*„„.„,„, 0. Each Province will dl,.„ • ''*' ''"'j^ n^tredited by tin! •ystem as so communicated, witho,.f " "'""f/»"nj«'ant«, no Provlnoe ! i ^'"""gration. Jon Will be so communicated before th "*'''' "°''^«: ""d. if I«o h '"''' '''^ '-"'^ o'' Ua dunn«tl.e ensuing season of nal^ tL ""'"' '^^ ^-'^ ^-^ -H n^'ttr'"?""""" '" ^"- "• ^Conferences of Delegate.T ,e „ ' • "-^'^tnctively changed ng each Session of Parliament. The undersigned has th« i *' -— 'J-- Omniet, Attorney General, Tlol GoTcrnmPnU " POPJ^ of whifh ll LY, no. i>"f as follows: !NT. ""' United King, nnila. nt Saint John In may bo deemed Toronto, irnm- onio other point "•'"'«'' Columbia, ^••owii Land* In • ""'I to Mnnl. e ndvanconient of I'.irliampnt y *'thln tJielr policy for the 'J f-'anada, a* i^^dited by the "iG advance- =•- and to the *"<1 eoloniz- K'anta, and migration, tt'rms of its on in ques- ''y changed ' convened icil, at the t is under- urliament. convened t'le 20tii, "ft Com- le Pierre General, the Honoialde Qrorge Irvine, S(.Ili,itor OonerHl, and llie Itonorahlo Joicph Olhb I{nhcrt«on, I nnMircr i the Province of Nova Srotla by the Honorable K. V. Flynn, Commii.loner of Crown Lnn.l«, and the Honorable William ijarvle, CommlMioner of Public Worki; the Povince of New nriin«wlck by the Uonorable G. L. Ffathrwav, ITovinclal SccreUry, the Ilosorablo W. M. Kelly Com,nl..loner of Public Work., and John I'ickarl. Enquire. M. P.; the Province of Manitoba L the Honorable Henry J. H. Clarke, Attorney General ; and the I'rovince of UritUh Colun.bin by Ihonww Hett Buhl.chmidt, K.quire: and Uiat the .ubjolned tcrnii of proposed arrangement in reference to Immigration matter. Initweon the Dominion an.! Provincial Government, were thereat unanimou.ly adopted, .ubject to nitlfleation by »uch Government, rc.pectlvely. The undersigned reconimen.N accordingly, that the lame recei.e the .anetion of Hi» Kxeellennr the Governor General in Council, an,-rfe«rf. That Miss Rye's offer to bring to this Province, during the next Sprint?, single women from 17 or 18 to 30 or 35 years of age, say 7r, domestic servant, a.-d 25 dro^^-Li,::. Ti!' „ T._" lUs, upon the Government undertalcing to pay three poun.is sterling per head for each" bVaccent' ed; and that, if practica.de, more than 70 of the number should he llomestic servant;, anTtimt r. A. H. STRATTON, C. E. C. MESSRS. STYMEST AND HBLLEb's PROPOSITIONS JhI:^ ir^^;^^^^^^^^^ ^- Messrs. St,.o. FiRST.-Eachnale Immigrant over 18 vears of . k '''*'°""'"°^' ^'"^ J«""«"7> 1872. iblo road« A chopping of fwo I'eJto b^^:'oTe 1 tf Hr" ^' ^'^"'' ^'"^ ^^^^ --"' bu, d.ng or buildings to bo provided for the reception oft r """'''' ^ """'^'''^ ^^^P^'^^'y the,r lots. The Immigrants shall be employed o7ot ^'^'^'^''^''J^'^^ - B^ort distance of ""rereaTaralt-r "^ ^^""^"'- A lot to be reserved in e^ SlLrf: Zo'TZtr' ^^""^-^ ^^-• e^p^mL o?;?s:;:: ^rroti^rr :;!? '^r °^^' ^« ^^-^ °^ ^^^ -«• -ivo not exceeding two years. °- "^ "°* ^°»« t^an one dollar per day, for a period each Port, as rn.y\TlZZyVj.l7't^^^^^^^^ "°^' "i ^^'"* •'"'^" - «'^»^-. P^t at ovitable accidents not preventfng,) and detS over S C ''"'' °' '''° "^'' •'"'^ •^^'^ -' FiFTH.-We will land «.t th. ok t> ''^'^^^*°^'''^ *» ^''e Government Agents. s„,„.-w. „, .„.„.. . e«»A. ^or„ rj rj: t;r ""' °' '"" -"'■ SKVENTH.-If the Governmpnf „,„. ^ °" ^''^ Bame terms. panyfortheemp,oy.e„toftrl:itnTs,rraroV^^^^^ m«mcat,cn of the said Company, dated 7th Decem^eTlsn °° *'' *'™^ ^^"''^ C"'"' (Signed) GEO. STYMEST, SAREN S. HELLER. tJon'aTS!™ L™ ""*'' ""' "" "»-"-«"' «"'-" ■■"'» with «,c3e ,„„. (Copy) PROVINCE OP NEW BRUNSWICK, DoMiKioN OP Canada. The Government of Nc>y Brunswick have concludo.l «„ „ . Stymcst. for the introduction into the ProvLce from si. T' '''*'' ^'''^•*'"" "^"^^ "^n J persons, of whom two-fifths shall be males o liXn !" tr? "T"' °"^'°"* ^'"^ ^'""'^-d of the Government of New Brunswick undertake- "^''"'''' ^""^ '" P"""''"'^^ there- 1st. That each male Immigrant over eighteen -nar, of ,r« .i,„ii ^ farmmg land, with good accessible roads: a chounin^ nf ; ''^ °"' ^""""^''^ ««r«« °f 80"«J hundred acres at the expense of the Govern mnTX^'^Il" T." T """ ""'^ °" ^"'^'^ '^* "^ «- P.ng. A suitable temporary building or buildings „ b^n n . . . ' ""^""^^'^ '' •^° «"•=" """P- grant upon, or a short distance fronf their^ t !Lh tenfn„: k 'n "" "-^^^P""" "^ "'« !">"•- stands, to be reserved fnr „.iw.„. ._ „.,..:.' '"'''' ten^porary building, and the lot on wh:-!. .-. issue from the Crown to each male settling as abo've' "" ""■'' ^'"" '*'^''*^ '■*'*''''-'"<=<^ « S^ant to FaBDEBicTON, December 4tli, 1871. 2nd. That the able-bodied males over eighteen years of age will receive employment on U»o Railways, or at other works, at the rate of, or at not less than one dollar per day for a period not exceeding two years. 3rd. Any grants of land which the New Brunswick Railway Company agree to make to labour- crs m the employment of said Company, according to the terms of Communication from the said Company to the Government, dated the 7th December, A. D. 1871, will be guaranteed by tlie Gov- ernment. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand aud affixed the Seal of the Province of New Brunswick this thirty first day of January, A. D. 1872, and in the thirty fifth year of Her Majesty's Reign. GEORGE L. HATHEWAY. THE GOVERNMENT AND THE RIVIERE DU LOUP RAILWAY COMPANY. Tho following correspondence also took place with the New Brunswick Railway Company : — No. 1. (Copy) To the President and Directors of the Riviere du Loup Railway Company. -^' Gentlesien,-As there will be a meeting of the Executive Council on Thursday next for the purpose of considering the Immigration question, I would suggest the propriety of the Company submitting in writing, a proposition to tho Government as to liow many inen they would employ, and for what term, and what term or time the men should serve Company before receiving tho allotment of the 100 acres of land; also in the event of our agent signing articles of agreement with the men that a portion of their passage money should be refunded when earned, whether the Company would take that agrement, and pay to the Government such amounts when earned by the men, as agreed by the articles. I think the Company will see the necessity of such a course, for the amount at the disposal of the Government will not be sufficient to keep up anything like a stream of Immigration, which will be required for ths construction of public works and tlie le- gitimate business of the country. Address letter to me to be laid before Government, or you can have an interview if required. Yours truly, (Signed) GEORGE L. HATHEWAY. No. 2. (Copy) Njj^y Brunswick Railway Comi'ant, Fredericton, December 7th, 1871. Sib,— In reply to your communication of the 4th inst. relative to employing emigrants, I am di- rected by the Board of Directors to say- That they will give employment to 300 able-bodied, steady, industrious men, at «1.00 per day togetiier with a free grant of 30 acres of land to each man who continues in tho service of this Company one year, 60 acres to such as continue two years, and 100 acres to those who continue three years, with the conditions that they shall become actual settlers, and to be engaged at Fred- ericton not later than 1st of June 1872, and that the Company will endeavour to carry out tho wishes of the Government in securing the payment of the return passage money. I am. Sir, yours respectfully, JULIUS L. INCHES, Secretary. Hon. G. L. Hatheway, Provincial Secretary. (Copy) No. 3. Provincial Secketaky's Office, « f cucrietos, N. B., DeeciBbcf 27th, iS7i. Sib.— As the Government are now preparing their posters to forward immediately to Europe on the subject of Immigration, they desire to be informed ivhether the Company known as the Riviere 8 du Loup Bailway Company still adhere to their proposition, or whether or not tlioy are disposed to increase the rato of wages ten cents per day. I have the honor to be your obedient servant, (Signed) GEORGE L. HATHEWAY. J. L. Inches, Esquire, Secretary li. C. No. 4. (Copy) New Bkunswick IUilway Compasit, Fredericton, December 28th, 1871. Sir,— In reply to your Communication of yesterday 1 am directed to say, tlmt this Company will agree to add ten cents to the wages to be paid to Immigrants, as proposed in my Communication of the 7th inst; thereby making the wages $1.10 per day. I am your obedient servant, JULIUS L. INCHES, Secretary. Hon. G. L. Hatheway, Prov. Secretary. A NEW BRUNSWICK PAMPHLET ON IMMIGRATION. A sheet pamphlet, similar to one published by Ontai-io, containing the follow- ing information with regard to the Province was prepared and published : — New Brunswiclc is one of the British North American Provinces, and forms part of the Dominion of Canada. It borders on the Provinces of Nova Scotia and Quebec, and the State of Maine (one of the United States of America), and is, with Nova Scotia, nearer Europe than any of the popu- lated portion of the Continent of America.) It is larger than Belgium and Holland united, and nearly two-thirds as large as England. It is 210 miles in length and 180 miles in breadth, and has a coast-line of about 600 miles, indented with spacious bays and inlets, and is intersected in every direction with large navigable rivers. It ia generally a flat or undulating country. On its north- - east coast, from the Bay Chaleur to the l)oundary of Nova Scotia— 200 miles— there is hardly a hill exceeding 300 feet in height. There are some eleviited lands skirting the Bay of Fundy and tlie Eiver St. John, but the only section of a mountainous cliaracter is that bordering on tlie Province of Quebec on the north, where tlie country is beautifully diversified by oval-topped hills, ranging from 500 to 800 feet in height, clothed with lofty fores» trees almost to their summit, and surrounded by fertile valleys and table-lands. New Brunswick is divided into fourteen counties, classified as follows :— 1st, the sea-board counties on the Bay Chaleur, Gulf of St. Lawrence, and Straits of Northumberland, comprising llestigouche, Gloucester, Northumberland, Keut, and Westmoreland ; 2nd, the sea-board counties on the Southern or Bay of Fundy coast, comprising Albert, St. John, and Charlotte ; 3rd, the inland counties on the St. John River, comprising King's, Queen's, Sunbury, York, Carleton, aad Victoria. Restigouche contains 1,420,560 acres, of which over one million two hundred thousand acres are ungranted ; population, 5575 ; chief towns, Dalhousie and Campbelltown. The surlace is undu- lating, the soil remarkably fertile; 19,000 acres of as fine land as exists in America is laid off in blocks by the Government for settlement. The great Intercolonial Railway, now under construc- tion by the Dominion of Canada, runs tlirough the length of this county— a distance of 50 miles. The rivers and coast waters abound with the finest of flsh. Access by rail and steamer from St. John. Gloucester contains 1,037,440 acr.j, of which two-thirds are ungranted. Twenty-five thousand acres of the most fertile land have lately been laid off for settlement near the Intercolonial Rail- way, 45 miles of which are now under construction in tlie county ; population 18,810 ; chief town Bathurst. Fisheries on the coast and in the rivers equal to any in the world. Inhabitants engaged in fishing, fanning, lumbering, and shipbuilding. Soil t.ir most part excellent. Some of the finest farms of the country are in Gloucester. Access by rail and steamer from St. John. Northumberland contains 2,980,000 acres, of which two-thisds are ungranted ; population, 20,11G ; chief towns, Chatham, Newoaotit;, aud Dougtastuwii, tiio former of whicii is a great port for ship- ment of lumber to Great Britain. Inhabitants extensively engaged in lumbering, shipbuilding, t tiloy arc dispuacd JATHEWAY. Y Company, mber 28th, 1871. that this Company my Communication !S, Secretary. TION. ling the follow- iblished : — rt of the Dominion tate of Maine (one any of the popu- [oUand united, and n breadth, and has itersected in every ry. On its nortli- - -there is hardly a Bay of Fundy and bordering on the r oval-topped hills, their summit, and let, the sea-board jrland, comprising lea-board counties Iharlotte ; 3rd, the ork, Carlcton, aid housand acres are e surtiice is undu- lorica is laid off in w under construo- tance of 50 miles, steamer from St. nty-five thousand [ntercolonial Bail- 8,810 ; chief town ihabitants engaged Some of the finest Im. opulation, 20,110; real port for siiip- ■ing, shipbuilding, fishing, and farming. The Miramichi river, navigable for the largest ships as far as Chatham flows through this county, and with its tributaries waters a large section of country. Porty-flve miles of Intercolonial Railway arp now being built in this county, in which also the Government has laid off 10,000 acres of the finest land for immediate settlement. Access by rail and steamer from St. John. Kent contains 1,026,000 acres, of which u( !ian onehalf is ungranted; population, 19,101. The i.ihabitants are engaged in lumbering, faru ^a. Ashing, and shipbuilding. Chief town, Kichibucto. Kent is a splendid farming country ; surface almost level; scarcely a hill of magnitude in its entire extent; watered by the Richibucto and its tributaries. Forty miles of the Intercolonial Railway are being built in this county, and 21,000 acres of fine farming country are laid off by Govern- ment for immediate settlement. Access by rail and steamer from St. John. Westmoreland contains 878,440 acres, of which one quarter is ungranted ; population, 29,386 ; chief towns, Moncton, Dorchester, Shediac, Salisbury, and Sackville. Extensive tracts of alluvial land and fine upland give to this county unrivalled agricultural capabilities, while there are also many facilities for lumbering, fishing, shipbuilding, manufacturing and general business. Sixty miles of railway already built traverse the county, giving to all parts of it railway communication with St. John. Albert contains 433,560 acres, of which one-fourth is ungranted ; population, 10,672. Upland generally good, with extensive dyked marshes ; a large proportion of the vacant land is of good quality, well adapted for settlement. Albert is rich in minerals ; valuable coal-mines are being worked near Hillsborough. Chief towns, Hopewell and Hillsborough. Inhabitants largely en- gaged in farming, mining, and shipbuilding. Access by rail from St. John. St. John contains 414,720 acres, mostly granted. Beirg a narrow sea-board county, the soil is not so fertile as in the interior counties ; still there are many fine farming tracts, and the proximity of large markets makes farming profitable ; population, 62,303. The city of St. John has, with its suburbs, a populaton of 42,000. This fine city, lying at the mouth of one of the largest rivers of North America, with a harbour open all the year round, with regular steam communication with all the main ports of Nova Scotia and the northern portion of the United States, with first-class railways running from it in every direction, with extensive maritime and manufacturing interests, is certain of becoming a city of the greatest commercial importance. Charlotte contains 783,300 acres, of wliich nearly one-half is ungranted. The St. Croix river, navigable by steamers to St. Stephen, divides this county from the United States; population, 25,871 ; chief towns, St. Andrews, St. Stephen, and St. George, the two former of which are con- nected by rail with the interior of the Province. The surface of this county is broken, although in many districts there is fine fertile land. There is much enterprise and a great diversity of occupation in the county, and the people are generally prosperous. Access by rail and steamer from St. John. King's contains 849,920 acres, of which only one-eighth remains ungranted; population, 24,593, chiefly engaged in farming. The surface is undulating, with hills of gentle elevation and level fertile valleys. Chief towns. Hampton, Sussex, and Rothesay. A Government lino of railway from St. John to Nova Scotia runs for 60 miles through the county. The railway from St. John to the United States also passes through the western part of the county. Queen's contains 901,280 acres, of which one-third is ungranted; population, 13,847. This, county, watered by the St. John River and Grand Lake, and the Washademoak, presents large tracts of the finest alluvial lands, and the soil is generally good. The Government has laid off 22,000 acres for immediate settlement. Large coal-fields underlie the soil of this county, and coal-mining is carried on. All parts of the county are accessible by water from St. John, and the railway from St. John to the United States passes through its western portion. Chief town, Gagetown. Sunbury contains 782,080 acres, of which almost one-half is ungranted ; population, 6824. West of the St. John River the land lies in long swells ; east it is very low and level, with immense stretches of the most fertile intervale. Chief tov n, Oromocto. The railway from St. John to the United States passes through the western part of the county. 8000 acres of good farming land laid off for settlement. York contains 2,201,600 acres, of which nearly one-half is ungranted. Chief town is Frederic- ton— the seat of Government— a city wiih a population of 6,000, on the St. John River, 84 miles i ' 10 from iU mouth, ana connected by rai! with St John Thi. *„ ■ wd !t. .grlcnltunJ rc.onrcc, .r. otm Of Ute Lj™ '^ 7,"" '"""'' "'" ""»"• punted ,n It f„n, Engl.nd .nd iXd The ^IrZLl. jXI *e n" ^=r" '"" """ the county i .nother railway connect, Prcdericton^th St i Jj '°''° ""■'«' Sl.«e. tn.v.™e. Railway pauea throuih It. w> „ L,, . J7.? . ? ' * ^'- *"''""" «"'' Wood.tock Leup, 0. the St. iZLZ. Iw ZdrcoMrit^oT" n'. 7' T f '*""°" '» """"' * tT2-c.:r-o.»''-"«-=-^ eh;;r;rzrr.hrhr;rr.yrji':.;:sx^^^^^ ^reir-^eorctftiiThi^rr^^?^^^ r^j^rn"'"'^"™'"-""---^^ RIVBBS OF NEW BRUNSWICK. An inspectior. of the map will show that the surface of t\m Pmvinn^ i by rivers and streams, adding to the fertility onrsoil all f I '"^' ''''"' '"''""''*"'' locality. The principal river' i, the st jS/il^c: s Loli ^n tn'r^f^^^ 'T7 steamers of large class for 84 miles from the sea up to Fred c on tJ' stla' "''"^'^'''^'°'• between St. John and Frcdericton equal in magniflce,fce the spl Sd stl^e thl", '""!;!' great American rivers. Above Fredericton smaller steamers nvtoW.fr. J u ' ^' "" ''"' The Miramichi is a large river navigable for vessels nf innn tr.r,o «u- ok -, ^ andfor schooners 20 miles ^^rther/above w^J^^^^ ^ U is\" r ;: ^^^^^^^^^ Restigouche ,s a noble river, 3 miles wide at its entrance into the Bny Clmlourran 1 n v •^^'ble 1 large vessels for i8 miles. The river and tributaries drain about 4000 square n" o/t riLv abounding m timber and other valuable natural resources- Besides Isc r r^ /ore are S Richibucto, the >titcodiac, and the St. Croix, all navigable for large vessels. CLIMATE. In New Brunswick the summer is warmer and the winter colder than in En-dand the ramros of temperature being, in the interior, from 92^ above zero to 18= below zero (Fab" n , t) Tl^ whole number of days, however, in which the temperature is below zero rare y exc" s twentv It rarely happens that more than four days oocur together when the mercury is below rTau' There are generally m the course of the winter three or four periods, lasting two o" bee days" each, when the weather is very cold, and these occur at the same tim - „vo, fhe whole bread* of in the middle of January, and early in February. Between them are tliaws, occasionallv rains and warm sunny days, during which the average range of the mercury is from 0^ o 0^ IZo zero. In three winter months of 1869, the average temperature was 22' above zero. In genera !!!!7.'°''"_f' !PJ"^"'*'..''°<» ' L- ^'yo °f -t--e cold are nothing in , parison with tt ""! .»s. :t=^^uuai ui anc wcainc-r. i»Opie living in New .Hrnnswick do not suffer more, nor so much from cold as those who live in Great Britain and other countries where winte""; morrhumid" 11 tered and wooded, omenta have boon ed States traverses ws and Woodstock cton to Rivloro du the eastern part of settlers. Popula- 1, 19,938, engaged ! is no better land off for iminediate ora its nioutli, and in length, connect Kiviere du Loup, lie, and Glassville ion, 11,641. The 8. The county is iish colony in tho I of the continent reat railway from ^liere intersected access to every t is navigable for learners running ! that {)]y on tho about 70 miles irthor distance of sea. inoos; tliose are k, the Oroinocto, from its moutii, ;i)w-bo!it8. Tho id nnvit»nblo for les of territory, rs tliere are the lid, the ranges r mheit). The xcecds twenty, low zero at all. or three days hole breadth of ' of December, isionally rains, )^ to 40" above J. In general I with the nve- nor so much, i more humid. and tho ton.peruturc less st.ady. All business is carried on as actively in winter as in summer, and tho people do not wear more clothing than is worn in England and the rest of Northern Europe, or of a different kind. * ' COUBSE OP THE SEASONS. The winter is fairly established at Christmas. In January, as in the .ther North American colonies, there is the usual thaw , February there is the d.epest snow, which seldom exceeds two feet ; in March the sun acqu. es much power and the snows begin to melt. The snow disap- pears early ,n April, and Spring ploughing commences; seed-time continues, according to the season, from the last week in April until early in May. In June the apple trees are in full blos- som. In July wild strawberries of fine flavour are ripe and abundant; haying then begins. In August early potatoes are brought to market, as also raspberries and other wild fruits In Sen- temberoats wheat and other cereal grains are ready for the sickle ; these are generally secured before October. The Autumn is long, and the weather is then delicious. This is decidedly the most pleasant portion of the year. There arc usually heavy rains in November, but when not wet the weather is fine and pleasant. The rivers generally close during the latter part of this month, and by the middle of December winter again fairly sets in. . The number of days during which rain impedes the operations of the British farmer is notorious- ly very great; but lu New Brunswick tlie climate is more steady and equable. Rains do not so frequently fall. Indeed, the snow of New Brunswick is only one-half as heavy or wet as tSa! of England, it requiring 17 inches of snow to average, when melted, one inch of water, while in Eng- land 9 inches of snow average, when melted, one incli of water. Fn!luw"""°°' °I ?' ^""^ B-^un'wick farmer are therefore less impeded by rain than those of the Lnghsh farmer, and there are more days in which he can profitably work out-of-doors ; whUe the ac- tion of winter upon the soil, by raising up and separating the particles, is such as materially to lessen the labour necessary to bring it into a proper sUte of tillage. An Ayrshire farmer settled in New Brunswick, whose long experience of Scottish agriculture entitles his opinion to much weight. The frost of winter leaves the land in a very friable state, and in better order for .rr^on «.»««. han any number of ploughings done in winter could make it! On his accent I believe a nafrTf XXln l7iZr'"'' ^^""^ ''^'^' """^^^ '' «-° -^^'^ (notwithlt^S th'e strseCn)! The manner in which all root crops thrive is remarkable, and the frost, by opening and pulver- ising the soil, IS one of the agents by which the large product is brought about. The climate is also well adapted to tlie rearing of cattle. With proper care they not only winter well but gain ze and flesh. Even in Restigouche, the most northerly county in New Brunswick, the climate IS, by reason of its dryness, less severe upo stock than in Great Britain. Large numbers of catUe are raised yearly for the United States markets. All the fruits generally found in England are grown in New Brunswick, especially apples pears plums, cherries currants, gooseberries, and strawberries. The potatoes, of which the land yields 2.6 bushels to the acre, are superior to any in America. Of wheat, the average produce to the acre IS 20 bushels; of barley, 29 bushels ; of oats, 34 bushels ; of buckwheat, 33 bushel. ; of rye blLtror'lSi tont!^" '""' " ^'''^'^''' °^ ^°'"'°''' ^^^ *"''^'^''' °' ^* **""' °^ *""^P«' -^SC' WHAT 8TRANGEE8 SAY. M^or Robinson, R.E., who in 1845 explored the Province under direction of the British Go- vernment, thus describes the Province in his Report to the Imperial Parliament :- Th?ro"l! n!!f""'^' ^''''}' '*•"'' capabilities of New Brunswic it is impossible to speak too l.iKhlv There 18 not a country in the world so beautifully wooded and watered. An inspection of ihn Tlr^i '^""V^"} t''^--^ J« «<=r"'y ^ ««°«°" of it without its streams, from the runnLTbrook un lliiff^''^,^ "''"•. Two-thirds of its boundary is washed by the sea; the remainder is em tlfslattetttVA'^^rr'^'f St. John and pWigouche. For"^ beauty and richn"sTof scenery New Rrf,n/w- V '" t-anches are not surpassed by anything in Great Britain. The lakes o^- New Brunswick are numerous and most beautiful ; its surface is undulating, hilt «nd hJL t».:.1 "i nnrtl"„?'°»S° w" *"" 'u^^^^' ^"^ Country can everywhere he penetrated by'its streams, "in Voinl Chatnr '^*;/"'«7>^. by a portage of three or four miles, a canoe can be floated eUher to the Bay Ohaleur or down to St. John, on the Bay of Fundy. ' 12 Som« years ago, Profe«.or Johnston, F.R.S. of England, the author of works on agricultural chemistiy, was invited to visit New Brunswick for the purpose of examining anTreporrron t le soil and agricultural capabilities of the Province. In his report he concludes :- six' Juions'" """ "'"""^ ^""'^''^'^ '« ^'^P^'^^^ of producing food for a population of from five to pend,^tKrpSceMerZLw^^^^ ^V^t^^ "*° ^^ ''-«* "-"^^ ''- du'dnfot?,^;l\To!LrtrgfiS'e?^^^^^ those of average soils of England. ' ""''*' "" ^"^""'J' °^ ^"^Uty, to From very accurate tables, compiled by Professor Johnston, it appears that thn ,nii nf v p2. N v'V '^°..""'"' P"*"*"""' ""^ '"'"P"' "^"^ '' •»8her average weight pe Sel tC e.ther New York or Ohio, two of the finest of the United States. In fact it may be stated lit a the London and Paris Exhibitions, New Brunswick took the first prize for oatsTtheTeSt bo „' flfty-seven pounds to the bushel. As a consequence, the New BruLwick farmer s conten ed ami zxrwictfai; :°' '"""'' *'° ^°"^" '''''^' ^''''''''^ °^'^°- scotiHrern;:; haSeef mrSgrnd'SiS'm^^^^^^^^^^^ ^U^ltZT'' ''T'' '" ^''"^"'^' ""^ with greater abundance of everything necessary fonhesuX^nr^^^^^ ""''''' ''""""^ *''*^"''"K ly endowed by Providence with beaSlJanSS thin New nn?Lw^^^ "° '°""?"^ "i'^'"*' '"«''■ MucgKgop In hit »ork on Briti.h America, .peaking of llie foteati, »y, — FISUERIE8. suSorToTori^^'^A"^ *'^'"'' '/.*'' """^'"' ^'°''°°^'' ^' ^'^'^^^ ^""^'i^"* -^^ ^^'""tedly Z an^ri 1 • '"T"'r^^'°'°'*^'"' "•' markets of the United States, the West In- wa«n, America are largely suppUed. The aggregate value of the fish products in 1870 waR nearly seventeen millions of dollars, and in these fisheries between 800 and 11^0 United States flshmg vessels were engaged. Indeed, so important are these fisheries to the United States that they seek to secure participation in them by treaty with Great Britain. The finest salmon shores of New Brunswick, and her inland waters swarm with trout and salmon. Coal yalual HINEBAIiS. n^^ut T°T^ '" *^." 'T"'' ""'^ '"*^'°°°y' °°PP'^' ^'°°' manganese, and other aimerals are found in considerable quantities. NBW BEUN8WICK AS A MAKITIMR CO0NTRT. J^a^ °° *v r";.'^*'' ^"*"** °^ *^' *°"'* '^P *^'°''"'' N«^ Brunswick has always been pre- emmently a shipbudding country, and in every market and in every port her ships have a well- known character lor strength, durability. workman-Iike finish, an^ LL., %!.!!!1.L^I!": InuU in New Urunswick, in some years amounting to 90,000 tons, were sent to the Enrifgirmark" te for sale, where they commanded the highest rates of vessels of their ch,ss. But of ifteTare th^ rks on agricultural id reporting on the tion of from five to nd beast mainly de- 3 favoured Genesee id, exceeding New .8 appears from ag- »'ith Upper Canada luperior to it. It tlie soil from pro- ntity or quality, to at the soil of New ^heat, barley, oats, lit per bushel, than ay bo stated that at i, the weiglit being Br is contented and Scotia, speaking of nty in Ireland, and ;r country teeming :ountry more high- iared to him to be s disiricts, and saw e be exceeded, and 3aven can be com- 4utunm transform 3nrlet, rich violet, em inexorable flr .'alleys, burst into ica arc admittedly ites, the West In- 1 products in 1870 100 United States lie United States lie finest salmon, dthin sight of the :anese, and other always been prc- hips have a well- English mark'jts of late years the 18 people of the Province have built almost entirely for themselves, owning and running tlie vessels on their own account, tlius largely adding to their wealth and to the growtli of all the industries usually attendant upon the active piosccutfon of maritime pursuits. Th« effect of this is that the Dominion of Canada, of which New Brunswick is one of the two maritime provinces, is to-day the fourth maritime power in the world. The tonnage of the four largest maritime powers in 180!) was as follows :— Great Britain, 5,610,434 tons ; United States, 4,318,30!) tons; France, 1,042,811 Dominion of Canada, 899,0!)G tons. But in proportion to population, the Dominion of Canada owns more tonnage than any country in the world. TKADE OF NEW BnUNSWICK, In 1870 the exports and imports of New Brunswick amounted to 12,157,053 dollars; in 1871 they would amount to over tliirteen millions of dollars. In 1870 the exports and imports of the Dominion amounted to one liundred and forty-live millious of dollars. New Brunswick has a direct trade in fish and lumber with Great Britain and other countries of Europe, witii South America, the West Indies, and United States. MAKUFACTCRES. The manufacturing interest of the Province has been greatly stimulated during the past few years. Establishments for tlie manufacture of woollen and cotton goods, boots and shoes, leather, lumber, furniture, carriages, doors, sashes, staves, paper, soap, agricultural implements, stoves, nails, steam-engines, locomotives, &c., &c., are in successful operation, and yearly multiplying, giving employment directly and indirectly to thousands. The light pressure of fiscal burdens, in comparison with tlie United Stotes, stimulates the manufacturing industries of New Brunswick. RAILBOADS. Fourteen years ago there were but 25 miles of railway constructed in New Brunswick. To-day there are 380 miles in active operation, and 340 additional miles now under construction. The railroads already built and running are— a lino, 140 miles in length, connecting St. John with Nova Scotia and the Gulf of St. Lawrence on the east; a line, 91 miles in length, connecting St. John vdth the United States on the west; a line, 90 miles in length, connecting St. Andrews with Woodstock; while branch lines run from hese main lines to Fredencton, St, Stephen, and other places. There are two great lines of railway under constructon— 1st, the great Intercolonial Railway, connecting the maritime with the western Provinces of Canada. This road for 200 miles traverses the eastern part of New Brunswick, and is being built by the Government of Canada at a cost of about sixteen millions of dollars. 2d, the great Riviere du Loup Railway, running from Frederic- ton and Woodstock to the river St. Lawrence, following the fertile valley of the St. John, and passing 150 miles through New Brunswick. When these lines shall be completed, the railway system of New Brunswick, centering at St. John, and comprising over 700 miles of railway, will add immensely to the wealth of the country, and will, with the noble rivers and admirable high- ways of the Province, bring every section within reach of the principal markets of America. BDrCATION. New Brunswick devotes annually out of the provincial revenues 120,000 dollars to educational objects. The educational institutions supported by law are— a Provincial University, a Training or Normal School for teachors, and a system of common schools, ranging from the primary to the grammar or high school department. The common schools are/ree to all, being supported from the Provincial revenue, aud by rate upon the entire property of the country. WAGES AND TAXATION. Farm servants receive from 10 dols. to 10 dols. a-month by the year, with board; female ser- vants, from 4 dels, to 6 dols. a-montb, with board; lumbennen, from 18 dols. to' 20 dols. per month, with board; farm kbourers, from 75 ceuis to 1 dol. 25 cents a-day, with board; bricklay- ers, plasterers, and masons, from 2 dols. to 3 dols. a-day; carpenters, from i dol. 50 cents to 2 dols. 25 cents; painters, from l dol. 60 cents to 2 dols.; bakers, 1 dol. ao cents; millwrights 2 iii 14 Itailway, receive 1 dol. 10 cents a-da/al he year arti^l I ^Tr '" "^""^ ""'' ^"'--'"nia; K.ve grants of excellent land along the rnili^^r/nH t"'' ""^ ^°"^ """"'''3' Company aI,o The above wage« are, with the rea.onablo Z f "' ""- T^' '" °"'' '"°' °^ "'^- Aurs States, which, although, nonHn„l[; , i^' e by rcasrS t^^" ''"" "" "''«°« '" ^'^ •^-'^''^ ;.».., the high cost oniving, L i^ ^:^::::X:.':^:::^:^Z r :^r currency equals 4s. 4d. sterling. The New Bru "will / ^7 u"^"^' ^"^ ''"'• ^^^ Brunswick and the English halfpenny, are^ahnoand^nlical i^ Tat " ' "'"' "'".' "'^ ^"^ *° "^ «'''"-' SOCIAL LIFE OF NEW BRUNSWICK, there is no exclusive or'favoured cZ Uet i ho"' " 7^'. '^ "'^ """ "^ "'« -" '^ ' "-«' equal; and where the physical cha acterists '; t . f "« "'^'' "" '"''" ""'^ ^" "''«<^» '''« Of the race. The New Bruns jJi: ^ ^^^^^ «"<^'' ^° ^-«"oP the best aualltiea prising. He i« surrounded with all the ovidr^Lf r ^ "'^^•'-•'/«'"'«'' intelligent, and enter- Posfofflce, the newspaper, the schlta d Z h Th ^untr^v ""' ""'^'"^"* '''"^ '^ ^''^ absence of traditions and a history The Lw„7fr ^^'!,''°""'7 !f "^ "^^^ country only in the Sweden, Denmark, or France will com. to IT , *^''""'' "'°"""'^' ^^'''•""'l' Norway, the country he has left, bu f eT om manv of"I ' "' ,,""?' " "" '"'P^''''' "^ "vili^ation a often render life In the older counS unpTeasan ajS '''"'' '^"' ^'^''"""'^ '^^'^^''->''' -'"ch according to his means and inclina on ekhit Jl t • ""'^'""""aUve. The settler may, pursuits. He may find employment "nthcS^^^^ commerc al, mechanical, or agricultural ^ the cities of Europe; he may Lo^^Tn L o, st^uc^^^^^^ --''-'t to may buy a farm at reasonable rates in the wel rt tedtnfnf , '''"' ^''^'^y' "°- building; he tofore done and found their course end in VellTt,^"^ I the country ; or, as many have here- of the most fertile land on the Continent but wl.<^r ^^ T " ^'""^ '''°"' "'° ^'^^^ °f «"™o profitable markets, free schools, andtholan I re i7our "" " '"':",' '^ "^""" "'<^ --" "^ r.ligious bodies exist oa terms ;f equality" efe L rsLlCfch. '"' " ""^^ ^^"""^^^'^ ''^ OFFER OF THE RmKRE «U LOUP RAILWAY CO. y';° !*'""« d" Loup Kailway Company, Which is constructing a line Of railway frnrni.^ , • to Riviere du Loup on the St. Lawrence 150 it,ilp= nf »i,i„i i railway from Fredericton tracted with the Government, froTwhom '; e^tl"^^^^^^^ h ^''^f ---•^'. '-o con- employment at 1 dol. 10 cents (4s. 7d. sterlii pe da/and iLd m '' " '"' ' ^'^""' '""''y ;^st farming land for 1 year, service. CO ^^f:^;Z^^:'::^Z::::^^;i:;^ LNew Brunswick is within eight or ten days' steaming from England. ARRANGEMENTS WITH MISS RYE. Under the coutmct with Miss Rye, sixty-five persons were brought out also brought with her 108 boys, all of whom readily found situations. She ARRANGEMENTS WITH A RAILWAY COMPANY. tinder the arrangement with the New Brunswick Railway Companv ono '^!;:^::^'i^^T ^t^ ^-^^'^* -^-^ ^ound emWmeL o";! r .«,...„, „.i.c, auu . urn picuseu 10 nua u good proportion of these arc likely conu to 1 dol. 76 cent* ; Loup und IntarcoloniiU ) Kailway Company alxo 'c, two, or tlirco years. wages in the United value of United States itivo than those in New ■ Iiend. In the United dol. New Brunswick 3 are 100 to tlie dollar, witli Such changes as Icr of the soil ; where len and all creeds are olop the best (jiialities itelligent, and cnter- 3ttlement there is the V country only in the d, Ireland, Norway, Bcts of civilization as Die drawbacks which e. The settler may, ileal, or agricultural^ mpations incident to I's now building; he I as many have here- 3 the Crown of some within tlie reaoli of New Brunswick all y from Fredericton unswick, have con- ive 3 years' steady t of 30 acres of the acres for 3 years' Igllt out. aiiQ QS. ry. 'ompany, one ^meiit on tlic 3e arc likely 15 to become settlers alono ,, - Hno of Railway, on land, to bo donated to thorn under the terms of the arran^'cmenta. ™ CAPTAIN SWINNEY'S EFFORTS. Captain Swhmoy, late 22nd Rogt., having offered to act gratuitously as an agent. n proeunng some English Immigrants on condition that the Srmnent « secure to them the benefit of the assisted passages for which the Don o, Government had made provision with the Allan Line of Stean.ers arra .!Zu were made whereby Wm. Dixon, Esq., Immigration Agent at Londo i s ^ fckets to such as were recommended by Capt. Swinney and his friends am in. way there have been brought to New Brunswick ™™'i >««. Inca m tl.o inwc. of ,!,<, proposed oolonr Te foUoJ^l™ , / '"" """"^ "" ^rov. Mlo„y,ro.ubiiiilted:_ °""°°'^' "* '»""'"« l"»I»>«il»"' f»t tho «oltle,„„l „f ,„l, ";rr;r r " "■""" '■"'°" -'-" -- --s™ rr^r*'- ""- 1 niRi).— The Government is to construct a road throi,»"S"-s to Impart information an^ general nffab,lity-and during the time we were in the country we passed over a good deal of ground-so that I could not help feeling impressed with the conviction that they are, both in town and country, a most hospitable, frank, and kindly class of people. The reason for shifting the locality of the Colony from Grand Lako to Victoria County has al- ready been stated and need not therefore bo adverted to here. Sufficient to say that I, myself am fully convinced of the superior quality of the soil, besides the greater facility tiiere is for transit both by land and water. All along the St. John Kiver the land is of excellent quality, capable of growing any description of crop, and the land in question is certainly not inferior to any we passed over, while the back part of the allotment I consider to be ev«n finer. The locality wo have chosen (about 40 miles from the town of Woodstock) is covered with mixed hardirood .ml a sprinkling of pine, while water of excellent quality from natural springs and water courses is "to bo had on every 200 or 100 acre lot. Part of the river front would be a most eligible site for a town It IS on a beautiful bend of the river, and there is every natural facility for a landing stage One part of our frontage is already settled and the land partly cleared for cultivation. These farms can generally be bought at what I wouH call a nominal price, as the true Brunswickian has very little favour for farming. Indeed, I waL very much struck at the slovenly way in which the lots are farmed. In fact there is no pretension whatever to farming after the rules of « good husband ry," or as practised in this country, and I firmly believe that is the principal reason of the lower averages of particular crops compared with what we have in this neighbourhood. There are of course, exceptions to this rule, and invariably I found those exceptions to be in the person of the Scotch settler or his family. I can only attribute the general sluggishness of the farmers to a likmg lor a r.ugh, yet attractive life, amongst the woods. The greater majority engage in what IS called 'lumbering, a business which I consider risky and unsatisfactory compared with farm- ing. The fault, therefore in my mind, lies with the farmer, and not in the land, which I find can be bought far cheaper than a farm of the same acreage can be renUd here. As an instance of this Z —---•—-■-—; J! .„.,. I rrtts uucrvu a, iitrin oi iuU acres, about 40 of wiiich were cleared. for £65, and better crops than upon that farra-£ neciftlly potatoeB-I am safe in saying that I have 17 Ivo jrcsari of age, two H, dhall wish that the ic, tlio Govornmcnt il a log liousc on the ined amount paid to I a temporary biiild- Jing flftoeii month*. 8 from St. John to >n 8 of tho Act of bo placed under 11- D uso of tho colony. 'or exclusive settle- Scotland." made to his as- ho Oovommcnt for to briefly state my detailed report on leting the arrange- i we rsccived from •t information and ■er a good deal of ' are, both in town •ia County has al- tiiat I, myself, am hero is for transit juality, capable of r to any we passed locality wo liave I hardwood, .tnd a er courses is to bo )le site for a town, iding stage. One on. These farms swickian has very in which the lots F " good husband- ison of the lower 3. There are, of ho person of the the farmers to a y engage in what pared with farm- which I find can 1 instance of tliis ;;h were cleared, lying that I have never seen eUewhero. There were more farms of this clait brought under my notice, of which I shall enumerate two or throe. A farm of ICO acres, with from GO to 70 acres clear, could bo bought for £160; a farm of 200, with 130 cleared, could be bought for £300; and a farm of 40O acres, with one-half clear, might have been hi at from £350 to £400. These latter I mentioned have all fine houses and out-buildings upon them. Rut the question is asked—" Surely something must bo wrong when a farm of that extrnt is offered for so little money?" And this is easily answered. The people, as I said baforo, aro more fond of lumbeilng than farming, and, besides, many private individuals make it the business of their lives to partly take in farms and then sell out at a profit. I have no heHitation in saying that New Brunswick is a splendid (krming country, although at present it is, comparatively speaking, still in its infancy, which, however, is all tho better for tho settlor and his family. In a few years there can be no question that land will be of immense value. Already is this the case beside towns such as Fredericton or Woodstock. And when our new colony is fairly settled, this cannot fail to bo tho case, possessing as it does such facilities as to transit. In the settlement of Glassville, founded about ton years ago, which I visited— calling upon twenty or thirty families— 1 found that tho whole of that number, with one solitary exception, started with little or no means whatever ; and now they are in a prosperous, many in an independ- ent, position. I came acrosit several families in that settlement who went out from Aberdeenshire, and tiio kindly and enthusiastic way in which they received mo I shall not readily forget. I am glad to say they were all doing much better than tliey ever hoped to do, and are, consequently, in a happy and contented condition. Tlierefore, I would earnestly and advisedly, as my own honest conviction, say to tlie young and strong, and tiioso without capital— Go to New Brunswick, take an out-farm and clear it yourself; but to the old, and those possessing some capital, endeavour to get a partly cleared farm. The means of obtaining an independent position, I am convinced, aro not to be found in this country in coniparison with New Brunswick. A word or two regarding markets. If you want to go to a market there are plenty quite easy of access, but the farmer very rarely goes from his ateading to sell the produce of his farm. Dealers come round and give tho market price for any he may have to dispose of, lifts and carts it for him- self. I enquired particularly about the price of oats, hay, cattle, &c. Tho average price of hay per ton is £2 ISs. 8d. ; oats, 18s. per qr. Beef sold in St. John at about 7id. per lb., while up tho river it could be had lor 6d. to C4d. I shall refrain from giving you any more quotations in the meantime, but shall enter fully into the price of agricultural implements and domestic utensils in my report. I may just add tliat labour of all kinds was in great demand, especially in Woodstock, where there arc several extensive iron works. Wages, for both male and female labour, were high. Yours, &c., RoBEBT Stkwakt. Farm of Newlands, Dunnottar, August 26, 1872. PROSPECTUS OF THE KINCARDINSHIRE COLONY. On Captain Brown's return to Stonehaven, the prospectus of the association was agreed upon as follows : — The object in forming tliis Colony is to give the Emigrant all the advantages that the free insti- tutions, fruitful soil, and most liealthy climate, which New Brunswick oflers, without breaking up home associations, or being forced to have to suddenly pull down, and almost entirely remodel and rebuild, the whole fabric of their moral and social ideas, to adapt them to ungenial, alien forms, often difiering very much from tliose which every true Scotchman holds sacred as tho most precious heirloom of his forefathers; and this will be effectually accomplished by the grant now conceded to our Colony of a tract of 50,000 acres of the finest well- watered upland, bounded by the River St. John on the west, the river Tobique on the north, the forest on the east, and If oaso Mountan ridge and Carleton and Victoria county lie on the south. This tract, " New Kincardine- shire," will be filled up from Kincardineshire and the at^jacent shires of Forfar, Aberdeen, Banff, and Perth in Scotland, excepting in case of the admission of desirable parties from other shires j but no persons of any shire aro to be admitted as members unless the,, be of good character, and industrious and persevering. These are the principal and indispensable qualifications that must be pos&essed by any one wishing to join the Colony, and all those possessing them will bo I Another obJ,(, u. fo^ '"j^^*?,'* °*J«"^«o. « hereinafter to be exp U '? "'"**'''' '" ^- before the .tarting of (I Z ^ '" *''*' "V 'formld 1. hi „ k Jmint. than J ^^ ' , ^'' ««» «ueh .„i,,rior terr „ ' '^ ^T^" ""^^ "WnUatlon The magnWcLt terT.T.u"" Z'" '"^"'^ «^ "''•^nlng Tn I f'l '"'•. """''' °"'^-"« never '^'f of tST AIS^T.!? "•" ^''^ Kinc.rdlu«hire Co/o " ^ i2" "dependence, plan., going TST^p ''l^'^v*'''''"'""'^ P^'^onncU th Tho^^ '"' """■ '""' "° "'o The first. tho.e n..uill,«,7 hlr f m"?' '"""'" <" »'"«<' '•-« v "'""'""• their object in •miirr.H„ T "'^ "''l"'' "e advanced in v , " Of thl, cl.., .a,. onCco:Cm;l^r'^^ front, or arrange for mak-ZLT' '^"'^^ »« purchaio partiv pi!^1 . , "''" "^ '^^""'"''« arrival in ea.e and comftt IT , r"""*' °" ^'^ ««"t-fa"mrjotl " . .""^ "" ''^ "'<"• and with,n.nea,,w.r rl'",.f::'';r7' — ''^•l b, beautiV^ Zr;: IT h' """ "" lands, 1, of thii claa. and ho Jtn^ J '^'' '"'"' ^''"^^r Mr. R Zl„r ,?''''"'' "=°"«'7' Theflr,t-n>enUonedcla<,.n,.v k ° '°"°*'"« "P^^'al arrangement. Farm., fronting the St John or t1?"'°'"^"* """'*'"• »' °"co arrange to n„r.. cl'-aringoD .free wanf ^ , /V°Wque; or, if they go prefor ^ f ^ '^''""^Part'^-doarod Free, ^t S acTe' (:Ve ,??7 " '°"°-" ^ '"■"'° '" "»^'"« -'- To Single Male, over is v«. * "' ^^«' '^'^'er. «.<». bull, b, o„„„°»„t ™c t: ^:"::?„'i^r "' ""• -"■» •"*?."■! :;r.„, , offer.. l>e provided with labour on ,,..:: ^S ^T'^^ ^^ Settlement w,n „.„- .. . ^ '■■■ ^nnerwiae, * the «.*« ^f ^...1". .::.""• •-■"-asion ' rate of four .hillings per day. ' '•*''« ••^'•tance In p.,. inod. nbor. anj org«nl.atlon I both pa«.«ge and land *"''"'"»pl •ourfroo eouldothur.rlione?or ndopondonco. and extra, and are the 'ork of organiilng tho 'troti.uiorn, and alt Uio veral rnembori. poMea.ion of capital, »ntago« oflForod by the ■• ""O''* of fiunlllef 'd fiirrn* on tho rlvor ttlo down at once on Kl woodl.ind JCGnery, of the flirra of Now- »tion on the aubjoot I and «mtonanco till n passage for tlienj- 'ecial arrangement* hasepartljr-cloarod ' for having extra are children under •house built tliere- bo allotted a Free 5 built thereon, at 080 at £18, differ- i-es, two of which !e for passage, or rill be acconinio- "lay be assisted I one. lilt, and equal to so may be. to take service, ay be pre-ongap- ^ew Brunswick, r intending em- f salaries. The 'h exceeds what I themselves of Dale, unless re- ible certiflcates ■>rl,/i_ . I'ings per day. 19 Kottd. and (TOM roads will Ik- made through tho Colony at U.e exp^naa of Governmeut. tj,* larmi will bo nrrangid in s(|u«rus, so as to give each farm a tVont » to the roaJ or cross ror *a. rcsorvers will bo lea between each square for the sona of thou . upylng the squares • :■ t sUlo, 10 that the said sons, on coming of ag. may hava their farms nOioinu,/ those of thair parento Two or more membera so desiring it luu have their farms atUo ing each otiier, and la (hi* wa* two, Uirae, or four friend* could have their lioaies clo*o togeiijw, and so form a group, which world much add to their social comfort. A Saw, W'jol Carding, and Qrist Mill will be erected in a com. .1 part of the Clon/, so a. to ftcilltate it* development and add to it prosperity. One Saw and Qrist Mill already exUt* within half a mile of the Intended site of New Stonehaven. In order to relievo the minds of the poorer clastes of our party from anx,ay In regard to pro- visions for the flr.t year, 100 to aOO acres will bo cropped wlU. wheat, oaU, Indian corn, and pota- toe., and the harvest divide.! graU* among tho*a absolutely requiring *uch a**l*tance, tha only eonuuion being that those r>'(iuiring *uch assisUnco will unitedly reap the said crops ; al»o aU grocery provision, will bo .,ipp,iad t-, the whole party the first year at wholesale prlcea. Game Law. there ..,o i.ono In No«r Kincardineshire j each member being the laird of his own farm. Salmon and tiuut bsbing in the rivers in and bounding tho Colony will bo free to ail aiiko OPly rcspectlnpr tho do*e ,« i.on. w iui iui»o -in ^il^'v *'"""''*''"'"' ^^ '""'''^'^ iu'o Sclioolships of four mile* square, Uio.o SchooLhip* wm be cn.h'l , jpectlvery New Stonehaven, Durris, Laurencekirk, Dee.ido, Perth, Aberdeen iJonn, and so on, and will bo peopled from corresponding Dlitricts In Scotland. In each Schoolship a Church and School will Iw erected, and untU the Colony bo fairly *Urt«d each Schoolmaster will. In his proper District, officiate as Minister. When practicable, tho School master will be from tho same District in Scotland as tho Colony party of said Schoolship Each Schoolmaster will be enUtled to a free farm and house. In addition to hi. salary from Government ot »160 per annum. The taxes In New Brunswick aro only nominal, and Poor-Bate., there are none ' •••«•»* M4W All member, nmst, on or before Saturday, the 26th October, take out their pa**age ticket* and pay ona-third deposit thereon. The tickeU may be had from Mr. Abemethy. "Anchor "Lino agent, Stonehaven, or from any "Anchor" Line agent in Scotlaad, or at the head office 61 Umon Street, Glasgow. The object of paying the deposit now i* .imply a. a sign of good faith on the part of the members, so that the Manager may.at once order the making of roads, clearing of the land* and building of houses to be proceeded with ; also, to definitely arrange the Ume ofTtarting. which will be about Uie end of April, 1873. • i«""ijf, Each member will, on taking out his pas.age ticket, a. above directed, receire on order for his larm and house, as already described; also a free psssage from St. John to New Stonehaven and a guarantee for half-fare from Stonehaven to Glaagow. Immediately on arrival of the Colony in M. John, the Government steamer will come alongside the Transatlantic steamer, and *o tMnthip 1 10 par^ and baggage, and at once proceed to New Stonehaven, and tiie Manager wiU accompany the party to the Colony, and see nil comfortably «ettied. If, between now and the Ume of the sailing of the party, any reduction of fares should take place in the steam line, ruaning from Glasgow to Canada and New Brunswick, tiie Kincardineshire Colonista will eiyoy the beneCi thereof. w»ruiin,»mre Tiie whole cost of pass- -e for each indivi.lual over twelve years of ago from Stonelmvea to New '^toneliavcr -g .16 14s. In order to insure the best treatment, greatest comfort, sofeness, and ciuicknesot transit, all members of our Colony party wUl cross tiie Atlantic by tiie "Anchor •• Line 01 steamers. This line has been chosen because it* steamer, are magnificent, and it* repu- tation for kindness to passengers much superior to tiiat of any other line on tiie Atiantic, and also because it is tha only direct line to St. John. Farm Servant* should not take service at tiie November Term till after cousldering this splen- did oppoitunity of having free farms and house* of ihelr own. BOMBRTBAD BXBMPTIOM. It iR nf anain1.. 1 Iaob %mt\f . ., . - " ' ^= =i«K*ra^r of Bi6 Uw* which protect him m the possession of his property tiian of tiiose through which, in tiie first place, he obtain. PQSsesssion. v V'opo^A Proo Grant. Ac givoB for u,„ h.a„alaU„„ omi ITT °" ''"" "'" l'™""«°- Order, ^t' "««««- oftho Allan Lino of sS:^tB:r;r ""°"'"' "«' '"°'°™" NEW BKUNSWICK AID TO IMMIGRATION -er .8,1, a „oo. ,o rJLtZj^fZT^'' ™"''"™'"° " ^^^P^" During tho Sossion of 1 872 u,„ ,°S "f f "^ Urunswiok is concornod, oussod in u,o legislature dnrin7lW '™°"t'™Uon waa eonsideral.ly dis- Wropriation forlniniigratiJ^C^rnT 1"'", ?™ «™»'^ ^«^ -^ ^ by H.0 Logiaiatnro to strengthen the 0„1 "^ , neatly drafted !o; showing th" roe Grants Act, Orders were man coimtrios ; 1 tljo diflbront Iio (tlien) next nil of $20,000 3ont resources wo; and it is their Revenue CO in Soptcm- iccrned. lidorably dis- Act, and the 8 manifested of their Im- foct the ar- 21 rangcnients agreed to in the contract Avith Messrs. Stymest and" Holler ; and fully behoving that they would bring out tiio f.OO persons mentioned in their contract It was determined to locate one half of them in the County of Victoria, and the other halt in the County of Rcstigouche, upon some of U.o hue fai-ming lands of tlicso Counties. LOCATION OP IMMIQRANT SETTLBMBNTS. Upon full consideration of the advantages offered by the several localities su-- gostcd,! determined upon the selection of a tract in Victoria County, on U^e South side of Salmon River, and a tract in Restigouche County, known as Bal- moral Settlement, about ton miles from Palhousio. That I might be fully acquainted with these localities and bo able personally to supcnutond the preparations for the reception of the Inunigrants, I proceeded on the Jrd May last to Salmon River, in company with the Jlon. Geo W White who jomed mo at Plorencevillo on my way up river. Arriving at Grand Falls' and havnig advertised for toudors for the building of the " temporary buildings " mentioned in the contract with Messrs. Stymest and Heller, wo started by canoe in company with Sheriff Coombes and Deputy Surveyor Uockwith for Salmon Rivor. The tract of land selected for settlement had during the past winter been sur- veyed and laid off into one hundred acre lots by Deputy Deckwith. Our party found the representation of the superior quality of the soil justilied. TJie Hon Mr^ White, who has c.vtensivo knowledge of the proverbially Ihie farming county of Carleton, expressed his thorough conviction, from his observation on tho trip Uiat tho sod was in many pwticulars superior to the fai-ming lands of Carleton. ' HOUSES FOR IMMIGRANTS. The Sites for the houses were selected and marked out, and tho route of roads dotermmed. The luio soil of this tract, as indicated by tiie lai-ge .n-owth of maple and birch with some spruce and fir, renders this a very desirable location lor a settlement. Tho large milling establishment of James Tibbitts, Son & Co Within two miles of tho settlement, is also important as furnishing ready accom' modation lor the manufacture of the lumber on the lands of tho settlers for their use in Imilding tiioir houses and other purposes. On our return to tho Grand Falls, we received six tenders for building tho houses, and accepted that of Sheriff Coombes for two houses 26x60 feet to bo finished by tl.o lllloonth of Juno (then) next. Wo also made arrangements with Deputy Bockwith for making tho roads to tho sites of tho houses so as to enable Sheriff Coombes to get his material into tho woods. Wo nartionljivlv uiuraA nn ti,«„„ n^..^ i. xi , , . Of havnig their work completed within tho time named;* and leaving Grand Falls ou the 8tli May I arrived that night at JModerictou. / 'ffilP TO THE NOBTH • THP rit^.x. THE BALMORAL SBTTLBHENT On the 10th ^^^^obal sbttlbhent mento wherob, „ P^eeded Itlo" to tt/ ' ""^ "'«' Perfected frra^T' of the Immigrants. ^^^^^ feet, to be fitted up for the reception .I>eputy Sadler was instructed tn ho .i. the 20«, of June (then) next. These bS? t ^^'^^ ^^'"'^ ^^ be done by Preliminary arrangements were Ho /' ^ ^""^ ^^^^P^^ted. ^ grants from Dalhousie to the s!t« mtt so '"' *'^ ^^'^^^^-^^ «^ the Immi- far as could be, perfected whatts "ellT ^^ '"'" "'"''' "' ''""^'^ Symest and Heller, I returned by Shele"^^^ ^°"*^^«* ^^h .Ws ^^^'^ ^^y- ^' ^°^ ^*' J°ho to Fredericton, on the THE DANES. Having heard of the progress nf ih. , ,^_.., ""^" "S wooiu be reauirprl fn,. fu required for the party, the Hon. INT. ' niglit, in hopes to over land I waited lissioner of Public ised John PhilJips, perfected arrange- » at Balmoral Dis- erj similar to that d having selected ing spent a short miles of the site rops and our ob- it quality of the 'd that night to accepted that of or the reception 80 that the Im- ' to be done bv d. ^ e of the Immi- and having, so fcwith Messrs. sricton, on the 'rgJng expedi- i by the 20th iptain Heller ired into his "g this year, his disposal, s of his con- 2ontracts or the ensuing •y, the Hon. J. A Beckwith and myself left Fredericton on the 18th June with^Cant Hollor and hs party of Danes for Salmon River, on board the StrCi^!/'^^^^^^^ We were very favorably impressed with the intelligence of thl peop e and much mterestedin watching their close observation of the fi^e^crrv jf th« mer, and the evident gratification with which some of them were rolTinth^ d mes the poznts of interest and beauty that are almost constantly pre^^^^^^^^ one passes, on a fine day, up the « noble St. John." Of the part^HarTs p'te^ P tersen and bs wife are evidently the best educated. He hC^^Ttv a^' ..e -pressed. I„ th^ hVlv , iV 'ISe:^ a t'^^^^^^^^^ with me seemed determmed eheerfX to m»t„ .^ ? a fe" m,„„te3 a, ^^^y preparing their beds for t e n^Se flif „fte , u' "' "l", '^' *» "»* that straw should be on the grS re^v fj°l *"!";''*"«• ^ !""» «"™ged oomfortably cared for and w!r,ni T^^ . f ' ""^ ""^ "'8'" ° «'<«'= ■>" w™ Sleep „„ bLd ttet;e::tr4';trr''' ''°"«'' "= ^-'"«'-'' «'"» that had been oho^erdown ."tn^thrr !, ° '"T" """' "" """ "' '"■"' Beckwith, I determtaed toTmaWH, , "«■ ''° "»"™>"'«»» '^th Mr. and „^m.ati„n ^lZT''t:^ t:^^ZtZT.rr' T"^' made to and through the settlement n^s , . °" "■" ™'* '» •"= eleared, and some pototoel ohntdf . fj' Saturday night the land had been appear;ace, and Ts^^d tttd ani l^^'r' ""™^' " ™'^ '»"■-'»« • their work and seen ft.tll- -!i '"'''^'''.'"""8 ''="»™'i I'eirpayfor settlers, and in twcntr.twV'd«™TL"''' T" ^"1 "'"' "^ "'""^'■"' *™ as new Which i; to be ther;r tt'CoiTct'"""""""' """"^ '"*^ '""^ ^ Q RELIGIOUS WOKdHIP. Un bunday, roH.gious service consisting of the readins? of mrf ^p th t .1, r-r rtr ■'""'-"- -==^^^^^^^^ LOOKING ROUND next day all went to examine the lots which are lopofo^ i^ +1, m, ' , were dra« by ballot, and all Boomed satJod w L S ,oW„r I '"°-'°': fourteon days with tl.ose Bottle™, believing it highlyde ribk tZ 'th ""T" and want,, shonld be in every respect suibvbly ^n^iderfor and tl,ST T' fool ass,u-ed that the Government were determinedTl , . ,? "'' "«'" most liberal spirit, the eontraet nnder whth thrhad Z^ °1 ^ ""^ " ""' «s eountry; and tUt, as they wonldtJorT i^ed^^rt^ '" degree of confidence might, by mv oeraonnl .„„„,T- , ^" ""^ ""'■''•'' would have a wholesomel „I7i„'w kt on T?' T"""' ** tained in Capt. Heller's contract ° *" '"""S^*"" ?»% con- Capt. Heller remained with mo four days and if i« dno »„ i.- . the kindly feeling expressed in the moiBt" n a I d the'C T^ *1 all the party a., he left, was the strongest test m"r',kat h v hadV n eared for by him, and were satisfied with his fulfilment of, .7 """ """' liad induced them to come to this .ountrv Before^ ? "wranecs which A STORE. Dunnp;my stay I organized a store, which I placed under the charge of M,. CHOPPING AND BURNING. in c'iSr W^^^^ Z """"'« "• "f-"" «■» *"PP<- P-ovidod fo,- ?n n iri„: 'i°'! '.'"^r'"^. «^_"^^'"^ ''^^'« done considerable chopping themsclvi ""-^ '^"^■"'' ^"« ^^«^^^'-^^ acres are ready for burning. " ' " ' mrt of the Lutheran selected as suitable r Mr. Peterson, and lieir new home, and them. These lots tions. I remained that their comfort lid that they might It fully, and in the liuced to come to under my care, a established, which ■ation policy con- im to remark that < hearty cheer of y had been well assurances whicJi lamed the settle- and not inappro- had sought out 3 charge of Mr. m the roads and it of the works, with the Danes the axe, as also ork which they gs provided for k done by our and contracted elected. This r further chop- ing themselves. Owing to the extraordinarily wet autumn and fall, a burning could not be made. This delay in burning has prevented the settlers generally building their houses .Some of them, however, by considerable labor in hand-piling, luive burned oil a part of their choppings so as to render the houses they have built safe against fire. HELLBRUP RB-VISITKD. I have visited this settlement several times, and have had pleasure in noticing the progres3 the stttlers are making in acquiring the English language, and an acquamtance with the use of the axe and otJier labor they will, as n^ settlers have to perform. They have all been employed on the roads from the time of their arrival, with the exception of a short time. I insisted they should work on their lots, and some employment some of them obtained during haying ind harvesting among the fai-mers near Grand Falls; many of whom expressed themselves to me as satisfied wHh the manner in which their work was performed So far as my observation enables me to judge, I consider these men intelligent" industrious, prudent and fair workmen, and many of them will make good settlers.' NUMBERS. During the year fifty-nine Immigrants arrived from Denmark. There ha-. been one birth at the settlement, and all have enjoyed very good healtii, the only ber last ^'"''"^ ^''"^ ''^'^^* ^'^'' ""^ ^^''""^ ^'"'"^ ""^"^'"^ ^^'^^ ^° ^^P^^^' This the first efi-ort of the Government at colonization has been so far success- ul. But for the remarkably wet season, much better preparation would have been made for a spring crop. The choppings having, however, been made since August last will, m the spring, be very dry, and a few fine days will prepare them for a good burn. i' F»i«. This prospectus, together with the Reports of Mr. Stewart and Captain Brown IS published in a neat pamphlet accompanied with a design of the houses to be built for the Immigrants, and with the sheet pamphlet and map, published by the Government herembefore referred to. ^ . Of the enthusiasm with which Captain Brown and his associates have entered into this work the most accurate opinion can be formed by perusal of this Report which is as follows : — *^ CAPTAIN brown's LETTER. wl.0 conducted us from the steaLoaf^harf 7o ^.e^V^w^Lml'h^^ Secretary the vast ungranted lands were unrolled l^Voro us By TL t£ 2? hiJ^'f^^^Pi^^' "'^P^^^ settling on the shore of Grand Lake, as it could AotXrwharwrnil^pf'?*^""^^ °f ' carriage to the principal markets, and sufficient extent ironeWock'of ?ealflri.''^ """?/• '"ll.™" most reliable inforniation we could dean and m.r nwn „,-: • ' . °"t-cla88 soil. AH tlie part of Victoria to secure A i^SLI^^Mr^oiZZ^ZZX^ P°'°*".^ *° ^ ^''^^ unrolled before us, we were delighted to find thai Te^S'lociSv w« h,^!,™-? f ^'S'""* ^'"' andaVsIemVd-zealousSie'^^ 20th. the Hon. C. ConneU ahowed us more thaTS.' t.lThtritS;c^rSStr^^^^^^ 26 implementa were aCchSr owin^ ♦'"»t''.'''l? "'°'^'' ^hoaper ZnVfnntu^/'": *'^-. «» of of the New Brunswick sofl BviTa^- "•^''' ««htne8s, which is permktS ) ?.''' ,-'>»"«»ltural njiles of the country Thora -f ^^ i}nie wo reached Woodstock wr. 1!? ^ "'" ^"'*'^'e nature but in all of theSheTSjTo .'""''' *^^'°'^''JJ""<1 in each of the L^ "t^" several hundred enough for our puiose "nd c„n>v'-' '°°-.''°'"' *°S^ther to pe^i 'of "" int"'"' ^^ ^''•o'^ed, proceed to GlassviKe'ttloLn? ^"'"^ '^^' and water carriicAftpr^» ^^S '^ ''"'=* ^'^'Bc These personaZd 1 ttle or n„ r'' ''^^l!" **'°"' ^n years ago by soml f '''"^'"B.Woodstock wc ■n all about four feet deep: timTmh^n, Jl'™ » 'I"!" l»ver r n the brooks, or' gat^rilg rasjaesK f" \''. ^'^^y '» tlTeCi-yarr orlt""'],^ °^ «''■'-'- their ruddy, robust, healtSv and^fml, ^ ^°''^''^' ^° "^^ "f which cases w«wi,."-^.**'"' ^^'O"* had all been begun nearly in the s3^^ appearance. The farius don' ThiTT- ''*^'l'g'ited with ment; in fact, each indSlualfarnf w«« fif'"' /1^ ""^'^' ^='''^ inTery culei iV'^' °^ settlement sessor. The farms of the indoS Zd of^fh'^ °^ '"!'^'="°" ^'^ the in liSaiip^!?? of develop- allurements of lumbering wp,^ il m j?^..*'^°'^« '"'ho had yielded tntv, '*'"^'''^J' of its pos- taate, both mtheSiu^ZZf'^^^ distinguishable by the absence nf' T''''' '^"^ '^'-''^q'tive Equally easv was i To cUsti^Ush fhe ^°""^^^ ^»°de of bSS theT !™' "^^ness a„d yielde/ to tfie passion frSber ne biS hfn "f *^' Pe^-severing aiZndustr mlf ' Tl '^''™«- out their crops in better condS' «^a ^'^^ 8t»ck to their faniis/ The filu^' '^^^ ''"'1 "ot white-paint, d cottages ^dweU-conrlfHn ^5^1*^' luxuriant gardens 8unJ,„n.1 '^f.^-'''' ^'-'" ^^W class was always fZid Zch better th«n?i?*l ^f"'- besides, the conS„ 'f ,"''" charming I survey and But the sugar maple tree wZeS thVs tree I?"^ f'"?* ^^''^ ""« house now stanlf°^^° ^l*««^"^«' the aU much fatigued with scramblinn- fnr!? ^^"."i* ^'"^ '" "'e afternoon Mvwf *'',T '>°d » largo to rest, while^I lightS^a C a^Ken Z'v.*''':?".^'^ "'^ ^ense ZterbSlTand p*^ ''"^^ ,°°«« ^^'^^e birch bark for tenting, to sheK them tr^^^ ■T.'' «°°i« sP^uce branches for Vh"' ^^''^ *^°^ the crowded ho.ts of^ tilS t&ie±i^^ s instructive diicourses on nd we were thug very for- '"?.'." "^'"rapaDjing us to ' °F""and. Agricultural tted hy the friable nature 'ad seen several hundred counties that we crossed our getting a tract large er leaving Woodstock we families from Scotland. i' ,?f,f °?r'^.'-. tl'ey had to lect m visiting then, is to ntactual condition offers, S"S]>rovidodbyMr. svll e. Crossinir the St. >f tho river a few miles flnotruit-ladenorchfliils Klependent farmers now 1!!^'*".°^ "'« forest Id^ covered with green, off the riverside on to 1 we were fairly on the uu,— the rolling nature 3tfi; the flocks of white ninpled with the click" ?f/'\^* made us pause, ^he ok countiy, rather nso of boundless forest 'ngs of trees, or by the' -the upper ricli black owish loam, also good m quality to much of served xn some places It mtervals wo passed |io opportunity of see- 8, or fishing flne trout B were delighted with lis stni) of settlement 3nt stages of develop- I character of its pos- coarse and decciHive J'stem, neatness, and r houses and bams 3trious, who had not fields were well laid nded their charming ^°/"'« stock of this About 7.30 P.M. wo Je Eev. Mr. Glass of h emigrants. Some ™ing, and most of h they carried their de them for over 20 ) of the survey and the lands. But the condition and first noble deeds are be- e to indepe idence, 1 the equally hard- to a position equal, ato aiftssville, the there stood a large 3d httle ones were at once laid down r beds, and white io many big arms 2T colonist. That was indeed an anxious dSy ; but I was so bZv Itt r,^ J r**T k ''/ ^""'^'^ ""'« which was so much more necessary owing to the ittt !trlZl ^ a^ ? little hut put together, feel the actual weight of my desoSe posUion At s, nri«« n^f' "'^ °°5'""»' ^''•' **>** ^ ^»d not .■d around me for awhile, tlien looked^agaTn on mV w" fe a^d Utle'ZV'T^"*? ^ «°* "P' ^°''^- liuddhng together in the temporary shorter I Ld iimde f^ the,S f h?^ ^' all asleep, anS cosily axe, that seemed glistening and eager for its gieat work « Vi!^'- ''^", '^''^1'"^ "■ K'^'^ce on my hope flashed through me. I hun-ied off to aboft IOoTS« L™ 'T'i''' °f determination and <-8t tree, 1 struck out at it, hacking right and left ^ff^? If m ""■ ^"i' ,''"1^ selecting the larg- the chips up and down, and deeper S the tran till . i ^ ^^1 ? ''^''^ ^"^ "^e* ^^"J Aew ^vas struck \o the heart and in a sTcfnd Ifter^a^is Swn t Ta^ ^n^-** "« '^^^ ™y fo« and fell will, a leaden crash at my feet InTSienn,ore tht^L \5 T !".« *°^ whizzing. o witness the fallen monarch, and the eldest oHhe three Jnlnt^'f*' ?l'^\^^ ""l« °"«8 ^^re oiit triumphant on the fallen trunk and crieo ont wffh In V. • Tf.^^ ^^^ *^° others, soon stood hoorav, well done father,' and toen hun- ed off to the Imt t^Jell H^*^'' '-T^^ ' H°°'''y' I>°°4% that tLe stubborn monarch of the hundJe aL legfon lav deidon'f,r^°'°'?''J,'^' good news yielded in the same way as the first till in a short t!^n ^i °" ^P^ ground. Tree after tree potatoes, oats, turnips, U bt!;^llt begL t p^^^^^ ^-f was made, and teK St?^^,^-USiS SlS^a^^^r « -^- "'^ ^'^^"' -^ told her to we ^.^^el. '^S^'^^!^^'^ :t7'CnZ t ^Z'^' ^'- "« ^° ^« ^here what otheT one grows up he will have the next one back of it and XTtttI T • ^ °""- ^'^^^ "»« the help of our savings, there's no kno^ving what thev mav Jm« tT Z^^'"' ""^ ^"^^P'^s and where even the son of a farmer may rise to^the LB d^^nitv^n fh/s? V" " ''^""t'^ ^"^« "»«• 1 11 always have a tender feeling fcfr the old Zee vet of wY « ^^ ^^^^e. Na, na, even tho' regi-etted leaving it, and only ^ish that hZdSsliL what we ?b/rfw'''' '^"'f '^^^f^^'^' ^ °«ver our example, it would be a proud day with them now '' *" ^ ourselves had followed ready, we sat down to a meal which comr/arerl^iH, ti.lt T^^ the dinner teble, which being • niiRht be called luxurious and S£kgr/fs ^emS Seces ofTntfl"?^" ^^^t ^T'''' «* l'°»"«^ dishes soon stood reeking before us, these were succeeded l,vf,^-l"' *°'^i'' *"'' ''"»«'" «a^ouiy owed a fine dessert of ripe wihl fr„ t of rxcndsUe flavour Lp«1 n^'1-'"'^ puddings, then foil to that of any hotel dinner in the country,^e.St 1 JrhaDs Intvt iL^'T' ^^^« /«t»allj equal no means regretted, as it was substituted by a wKlVn^tl?/-.^ ' ^^ ^^^^ce of which we by sauce to all we partook of. After dimer we v sfted the b^^ f^ and cordiality that was sweet nsncultural implements, and sleichrand mriS ^ ^fr^^^^^ '"T 4"ir full stock of «l>eep, etc.; then walked through the garde^-the Dumnk^nt -> ' 'i"""'^'' t"''''^^^' Reese, and corn were all tliriving splendidly also everv otlw \^n^^ f ' i*'"''"'"^^''^' tomatoes, and Indian About (!0 acres of "this fam were clear th?JlnS^5r ^°'"°^°'' ^o our gardens and shady pasture. ' ^ remaining 40 bemg reserved for tinTber preserve substant";^-^^^^^^^^^^^^ appearance of the crops, the (Slated) log house, ir, by 2.''., a por. Tt tCfront Jlom * f'^oniestead itself, which was a shingled <-d around with vinos and p vttv .on cieenin In - *"" !?* H'-' "'"^ 1^"^'"^^^ white and cluster- over which they trailed tllems^Jves alonr '?M vS' on fortrbrc"^ ^ ""'V'' ^^'"« ^^"« Imilt by the own,.!-, and witii timber fronihis mvn farm^f h. u I ^'^'.^^ ^°'"^^'' <="«a8e was country has a brook running tlirou<^h it ^^^^ ^'^^ '" ""« splendidly watered ^'^^^^'^^S'^Stj^V!^!:^^ °"^ Justdescribed is a fair sample; then ' .n.lepon.lence. The people wek all alikV kfnd comm'lfni!!^!- ^ "'" f ™'' 'T'°^ prosperity and occasion olfered. They queried us about «^mt'ph«^„^""'tive and very hospitable whenever deen Deoside, and th^rJabout and Xo ft.l'ntra^^^^^^^ ^xhich tliey spoke as with grateful and affeoi.wi ~"i---- ^''^^Anchor Line steamers, of :tna no,, mm Uie i-aptain and all tlie people on boarVl 'Z^7Jt^'!l'^» ''"'^^' ""^ boiiuie steamers, «»ly eve,,. h„u,. „■ vIM.e.,, « „'„ ^uMT'^:^^. S' .C^'KE! 'SS'Z'£ r ' I u 28 Among: the other farms that we IooIcp.j ' "'"* 'Characterise wigwam or small hut mjwle of^h«'„ i'"'^ *?»an'Rar, a w li n*^^ ^."^ "''«' J"e«r, a good houfle, also moHey eam^^n^^ • ''"'"ches. End of .st year « v " "'"^ »" "-^C «nd kind of Government Farm s^coJvJ""^ °"*' »'00. besides S^Tai;:,?;'' acres clear, con.fortable oi ir>0 bushels: hay 2 toM^toiCr''^§^''^««''' com, 42 bushel ' Z T}' '" "^Wnient S hf cow, 830; two ewes, 88 Sd b"i'i!^- , ^'l°' '"^'^ bf h /n5 oti'"'''' l'^ bu«hels ; oats! second vear, exclusiWdSyaJidSZ;''™^"''^ thre ^^X^^^l^i^ turnips «« tion, besides wooE IjiS' "IT^ '^^ P^'^ltry, about «S. lu^*" '"V "•* ^'"^ *"'*"» ^o SsJ garden produce. Stock on faL ^W^^ «» Iioiae, and abuminc^ of iv"',f "^ ''""'« ^oilsunip-' two heifers, one steer, two SrilL"*^^?''' an^ which x/o ins ./t^^^^ ^^''^1 fruits and rous turkeys, geese and fS 'fS"f ^ '^'■^^^' *^° l«rge bSSn-™^ "T ''^■^S""^ C"ws, waggonette for churcli and v°ritini^niiT'"S utensils,^ sleSs ami^v;^^°, """'i^^' *"d ^^m^- the remainder fenced and lef?S:^?^K^™°''' ^ouse and bams and rL?'^ liandsome covered position at 81500, besides a fine iZ}/Z\\ preBen-e and pastm-p" f/'^'^^f ^ear and all fenced, farms, but the total asrssprf "!. ""^i'^^le home. His ffni, i < . "i- ^'"e^* "ow values his r«P«/itv-«100,S)?8 toSmount ol*''^r^"«'»«''"a^^^^ J"«t ata.r sample of GlassviiL the actual official statistics S^*f'^'^'"^'« assessed at. Were n^ntfh f^ "'^ ''« ^«*'tb and and Macs in galore, aUcrowdTd^in f^^'''*i- gathering of the dam tf^^L'"*"' ^'«" one of the first discourse ensued, one SviLc' 1^ *° *®^ ^^e visitor! from the Ow7n^ Silence., Wilsons, Millera he killed a bear, knd anotEmalf °""* °^ ^^^ «^«t strugSes t^^. ?*'*'' *"'' '^"'^ a° animated that 18, two horses hew wonW f„£*^**^« better than in Scothfr,,? "''' .h"'" ""'j' about 14 davs preferred New Brunswidc Snf*™.*" °^»cb as four at home fh ' ^m""'^ ""'«'' easier to work- healthifir fh.„ „.i"^?^'c^ winters to thp. S/.nf„k^:_./^°'"e; they liked the winters very muclT^ |SBSfsSSS=aS&p. ,,..., kitchen to go to the SZl'f' Epidemics were unknn'«.?ll'\'l"''*>' ^^re more bracing ami !ver Iiavinor tn i„o,T^ ti,- health or fh ^ Brunswick winte oiuimer tnan our winters were P^j-i™" ."^"'^" winters, and saiVl iiiLV. "" ""'"^'s very much ; kitchen to go to the disMnspt^f' /^P'^^emics were unknomi tn h "** ^^^'^ '"ore bracintr and We govern our own a^Tf« ."^1"'' ^o" see there's one thinff""''^'""""''' somewnere." " , aiasflvillp'^aS'te"" the joyous eve„inVt^l*2.*!L«'^ being hard -^ - ^■■=. ever reuUi to ^emoif theirSyr^^3?:„ «ii, well, masters and lairds; I T y "''"■riea ftere, say laughed heartily over thi worked T oii^ti ,^ X _ ". "?"JS "ttra worked T oi,»ti „-._.. "" I vividly retained of mer (hat characterise r. Miller. Prom the '•'". he had to bemn utions aH detailed bv of first year, a good an axo, and kind of lar, comfortable log in repayment of the t. » bushels; oats, mother farmer—one ; thus:— income for equal to «2e2; add 8y, yet progi'essing sliels; turnips, 300 le farm do .; $530 ; of home consunii)- 'nt wild fruits and P8- five good cows, horses, and nume- iiajidsome covered lear and all fenced, er now values his ■inple of Glassville Of its weAlth and us tliemselves and i-ely thirty almost ind. from no value was ^ a year per Jiat the Glassville P of small moans, iiul('j)endence can nick to Scotland, I's from Glasgow, > the Kincardine- (Ivnntages to our and very expen- t. tlie Glassville give you a sliort r> one of the first Wilsons, Millers )on an animated ilier telling how ner tenderly of «es, poor-rates, wang; then we and the unani- f about 14 daj's isier to work- ers very much ; ire bracing and ng to leave the to obtain their seemed a little ly had. IIow- >t as telegrajjh of carriage as ' "Ah, well," ^rs and lairds; i anxiety that rted here, say rtily over the )le settlers of er as they sat 29 SrvrwSdTom^'llmR.tS ttnTetU^"^ ""' «°^ ^T^""' ^^'«' ">'' «-«™' «»^it-"«t Hi)lendid house, looked eastwaS aW »1 ? Lh?"""?'" "^i"' "'^' "" ^"""'''"^ «'"'■>' ^^ M'- Miller's much calm jwaceful beaiUy tha Mr LwHrf «„?"'" '1^*1 !•'"' »'«»". «''ini">.^ on it gave it so just beneatlt our windovrwere th,, vn'inaX "'* "T*"^^ ^* ^"'" *'"'^ "™« '""'^'"f? «" it. Then -the late R. lirown F?sl^f Ba d^^^^^^^^^^ ^vl.eremany years ago my most revered friend dark, jumbled, decavp.I nina Jn?i!?^ ^ ., *? l*^^^ ^^°^ *''« *"»'« «' forest life, Amonp the to drVw their suSohool'^resZT^^^^^ Wba;"'!'""^ "»'""« •^^^"^'' '"« »'«" -^^« -""t labyrinthi)ath()f oflifoi nnj f..v,„f F , ,"'"^t strange comcidences occur in tho zic/oir deuces as tl^J present occur" '"■"""' "^ *''°"8''* "««* ^'''«"«'> ^'^^ """^ when such cS saSied^XouTlJt'L'it';;^^^^^^ prospering settlement of Glassville, well n reganl to the time n whlK 'ndustr^i.m f« T '^' confirmed what we had everywhere heard On our way from Glassv^rto?! e rivxfS t!mf^!t *'°"^'^ ""'''."ii '="'»f"''tal'l« independence, ments of from five to twelve vi" stand n^ p'?^"' ^« 1^''««';'/ tl'»-°"g': numerous fine settle- standing the careless eHfiv^nrnT^. • *?'-'\"''.^^*''">'^*'''^''« the crops looked well, notwith- good, consistinfo TdoeS'rTcrfrTalJIe'ion^r '■' « "i? -^'l^^' ""''^ ">^'^^' ^he «oil all 'along vJs through the country and ?n,nfi„.\V- * .'^'"- .?i' *'"■' tmie wo had travelled nearly 800 miles ing t^e river SnpiKthmou^^^^^^^^^^ W''''^''* ^^^^'•«^«' "f ^'^^ ^-^^ Meet! order to reach Perth in ii«,Lt '"""'" ^^ J le hhiketehawk River, we drove alone it raoidlv in we ascende'fthe rlier and the faCTh'^"^ ^'^'''', '"S^"""" T''e land seemecf to improve as seen belo,. the Sliketehawk • tK l'l*l' ''''* ^'"T^ '""'^ ""'='' ''^tter laid out than many we had some of the home Ss tTa^eSd rdeZe nf i ^''''™'' pdi'««"tif"l ^^wer plots aroun Many of the houses had ewLthdesi^^^ refinement as well as comfort, suckle were entwiniiig as aCL 11^^ t ,pT'f^'%'x"^ ""^T' "'^'''^' ^■'"" ""'^ 1>""^V- At half-past one, i,. m we e, tev^7i^,iK ^'"' P''^".'.'^ ^H"^ ,Y«rk or Pennsylvania, m., we arrived at t^o fa'rrof Mr KilbmVr Lr*',"r' k^'""*^ "''"f *^« ">''««' "» »* two, p. lumbering to recruit his fortunf by fan in'J OnT'- '"".'^'/'^'^.-that is he had retirt^d from received a welcome from himself and mnT\rt i f'®'"? 'nfonued of the ob ect of our visit, we ceived in Glassville Tlio t«h?f i^ °^^ ^"^'1 ""'' amiable wife, not inferior to what we re- andherpret?rnSly3LSSZ«"'^''"'"'^; TV'?'' ''^'^^ ''*"^'« "^ ^^e good Mrs. Knburn and hon/e-made fancy brS and te-^fl"" •^°'';^-'f '* T^"' ^'^""'•y mutton chops, pudding of which Mr. StewaitTnd myself dlSi^^^^^^ glancing over Mr Kilbnvn'a ,.,.!,, o T-^ 3"8t>ce. After din ar we started to prosMct first a.scen'« ^««"lt w«" ing hard woods of the uncleared land do h l^.iff "' the crops confirmed it, and the high tower- St John, and the interval between the live^r ^.Zf '*•, ,"' l'**?'* "^, ^*''*l' ^'^''^^ ""♦''« "^^r splendid land. There is ako n fn\ ."f and the uplands vanes from 10(J to 600 yards all teiwe rising upSs to £u?,ne7Sloln7'' \^''^^oij^om 100 to «00 yards, and a third The scenery from each terrarpwlf., '""''""P ^^ found the finest soil and grain cropi^ the long leTel inTeSs, bet^veerSTffif *'■"' Sraceful outline of the u'JlandS and dotted with boats andSon the ,- wnl^t i ^ river St. John, about half a mile wide, the hill, aad after crossing thn m.?.,- ij^'^^ ^? *''? commercial centres. We next crossed ove^ kindandqualiy of theie es nnZL^TJrYT^^'h'''^' through the forest, noting tl hnck when about three mi^s Lm tlL riveV I'd «ff^^^ ' ''"* "' "'^l'' 7"^' "''«'' ^« ^'^^^^ suitable place for New Stonehaven bpin^nnl';. . "^^."^ l^^'P""" P^-o^l^cted along the front for a water, good garden erou.T nrn^n ' "^i"/ ""^lous to select a spot combining shtdter, good snrintr for buif;iing,S befu^rohfenerv'' an5\l^^ ''"""^''"f' lancUng and railW statio?i, levdness but left the matter an on^n ouestioA mJZT^ "^'T^ '^"It ^^i^" ^^i^I'tecl for all these points. Sathered over we returned to LlZ^ and sUnTiTl'"^ 'r ^^^^f''^ "^""^^'y- ^' «""" «« '"Pht Mr. and Mrs. Kilburn and fam % Ah- KUbin, fl1dpPhv'h^''lh- \''''"'"^.^^"» our good friends life, was equal to a living map and d reiorrnf thf Li? /^ y""'"' «^l^--ien<=e of forest thus able to get a splendiS forKce of he^rpLn "1 ""^ "'^. "PP^'i "="""^7' ^""^ ^^ ^^^ land as equal to the best in the wlmlp nf v; f region we had now to explore. lie described the us in regard to inform^ on ^Sl end d^^^^^^^^ estate, the jams and jellies made b" "f Jf Z t hP?"^'','''"''''"^' "^"'" «"S" "'"'le "» the obuudantinthiscounrj% bes7ily clothing, anS be n^ equal to our better cCs yoSEs it bol°7°''n ^ educational accomplishSents v\:ithin myself, verilv. th^^^^ i"!^...}^.^^ at home. I could not refram from s.•«*»" Hecond f?rowth of mai.le, beeclir«l race S a ^.,1 "** «-''«lf «n hour, so dense was the ...npietic eaHt. Ocea8\..naliraHwe went Cve L I ''7 "'«''««•„<>'"• course was about overlook the surroundinK countrrto nol it« rn,?^L ^ *"i ""''T'^ "'" ***" ^" ^^t »I'"'f« trees to the timber with which Uvflrc.m.rHlClimb^^^^^^^ ""'' "'" '^'"" •^'"1 'l"ality of a «aiIor. yet I could not help adn ri J the ,ku t 8^,CrfrMT«r'''r''* 1' '^"V'" "'^'"'' *« »'« energy, ami nRility that almost converted nrtSrS^ S '^'"T"^' '\'"' '"'"V'^'^ ^^''f'' "i" oiHu-ations, of curse, much lessened thircham.vrt ft i " '"!"t»nV'''l repetition of these spruce summits amply rewarded ou^mns ns^/e J i '';i'-l' case the view from the to^^•erinK country, the compass k-arinR „f t m , Ct hil i \?,^,l ? .""r"^' /•" '''T .••'^'«^ ^he nature of the could then indulge for a few n in it.V ?th , Si 1 , '" '^'J''^^''"' "f the table land ridges, wo «iglU, as the worhl woul.l L.^t^s 'ht of a h J <^r«V,'.nn'*'^''' scenes which .lawned upon 'our gi-een sea to its surface, wl en lo f iest relh^n Tv»,^n ^ ^/•'''■"V:'!"*^ ^>?'" ^''" '^«Pt''« "^ * dark upon his sight. "^^ '*^Sion ^Nould burst iii all its wild gi-andeiir and beauty f^'^^^^^uliK^i^^^t^!^ '"« h-r- -of-l with hoards and some ursine visitors we ligl t^nfa Le and i. ni^f °" "^' .?"''• ''f*'"' "°ti"K the footmarks of ^pruco; wo were then, a sn^r nVi cS?X If^^ which I ascended another high bouse. The country for (1 rmiles or,SL-'r l^e wf* ""'f ' '"''^"etic east from Mr. Kilburn's the level tract contrnued about six idh^-as7ar„8l^^^^ """""l '^'■'? ^^V "'"^^ "le river, and high densely packed hardwood, wi, here and ther«^ "" eastward. The trees were mostly gave evidence of springs and brooks i wliieh n, tr„l f.'?*^*=f '"». «1?™^«- ^he land all around was of the most excellent <^^ualitj°I Ld ev "r ta2 i '^Se "'^^^^ "'1''^ abounded, and the water of three layers friable ricli loam; the inner black f2j'''^ ,"',"' ^"^ Y^ excellent, consisting yellow and sometimes reddish 'in ^fnLJ"?;,,,!H^^ TT^ t^'P. ^'""T' '^"'^ *''« ^bird light richer soil, having a rich whitish loan n?«C V '', f'"'*' "}''""'' '™ ^oun^^ » «t'll "ner and three layers. ThS subSoiT'S ™couufseeS ifoTZr ""'''^,'^"'/ ''''}°'^ "^ """ ''''"ve ing of trees, was very deep, and consisted of «•,?.!?,.;./. • ^'"'"f?? >" tbe brooks or the uproot- yet rich in smell and itself fimerToMonnichiaf;^^^^ witli pebbles and gravel, rent s pai.l. The total depth of he Ci 1 Xee I,» lv^ "™'."1'"° ^''' '^■'"^'' °^«'' ^^ ""' •icre occasionally foun.l ])iec.s o^ soft flaK- ? imer Silnv l?iTu.'''"''''^ ayenige about four feet. Wo them and tligging down we foii.wl tlio l^}y^-^^ Silurian) stone on the surface, but on removinir stated. We l;irosi;d fZ. brooks'and llS nuZtll* ^riSS"^' "'"" "" ""^ '' ^^^^ '^^^*'^ f!>!^^^^^M£X:tS^ZT^^l^^^ thendecidingon our next day's burn, then rested till sunrise m om framt m "/°^*^ ''•^' ,""'' «"°*^ ^"^"'l ^^'^ ff»i "•««- kept away north about five nules more s*Tl^ £v^ul^hih}!H^T\'f '"^^ ^-^t'^factory. We then compass and sun, it was reallv .l^Lnatitl ""°",ff" tie trackless forest, and steering by the underbrush, climbing oZ fafitS" hen Xn' ch-m!&S\T''^'l' ",*? '''''''' i-Pe-tkble the surrounding countrj-, then digging to the soil on e e^v ^ «tanding spruces to pr.jspect ag and were glad when at noon the fires were MH.tr.iT^lfT/!''^ "''S*^' ^'^ «'^on '^''8"" to lmes on the forest indicatinlso n^T oSs an IsZZ'^" A f f'"*^'' ^'\ ^''^ "'''^^"''^^ "^ '''"'^ resuming our marcli, we plodded on, still d Z'n- down etevv'l.ni""",'""''"^""^ terra firmn, ami fouml the least chanm in the ai)npqvflr,Po,:/'7?.^ * \"y '"^^^ ">»'c or so, or wherever we soil deep, rich, and frL le ,^ i^'Xo ^bat at' h'IIv h7"'\'''-''' ^"' everywhere we found tie forest, an easy thiuist with a cairwonldtmLv ? ■o''- 'V'""^ *''« ^^'^'e of our tour in the the Porks of the Munie^V'i^^ra o.U W^^^^^^^^^ Ataboutfive p. m. we reached position will now be ourL The facnities fo, « „ II wff ) * '''*'" ''^'^'^^ ^"^' ^ """ «'"?• Tliis pod site for a town, being well sheltered tl,J lnl;T:}}} ':!.i'n«^"-pas^ed. It would also make a .u. .own sue «e left for further considenm;;n:-Ti,e-VotaI'di^^ce'^ 'i^V^;:^^:^^; 31 ife.^lM'°te,lr;,r^^^^^^ o ,„„„.. im^ wnt».i- cftrriiiKo to the StaU-H n.id SI J.Xi . n thlui .1 "^- Moreovt-r, jt will Imvo both mi Tiu, foilowinp nun-niiiR wo wuo ,; .'e in i v ! ."!' "'" ^''"^ considerations, of our lu." niiftht be able to Rive our fellow .•oloniXHomlw of tb, L r "' f "' *'',*'"/"'* ''• «" *''"t ^^•'' aii/I It was really delicious. While eniovinS'ri ., „ ,1 li ■^' ''^^^ ^tock of their new (■(Mintry, with a HiKuiflc^it wink, that sue ^oTwoulln^-M 2, wIh'""^' ^''^^^^H ^^'- ^^"^''-"'^ "bserved After leaviuR Mr. Kilburn's at eiZ a n we oroo^^^^^^^^ "^ ^'''J '^^« •*'""'* ^^tonehaven po nver and crossing the St. J«lm l!^ ""i.JLm rli4d«?l^^^^^ °^''r '^,"''"'"''' *' '"T R .ostook four uiiles aBove Tobique, and arriving SV/ZTl.'„iil„."^/If '''•''.* '""''*• crowing tCe ;^. tance travelled beinR about 30 n.iles. Wl iKL 2^^^^^ V""'^? "' "'" «ft«"'oo,n the ^^■:, John, we were able to overlook tlio and t e eas^ t« ^ t i"*'''' '".t^ "'i*''^ ^^''^t •«"!< "f .vd. a httle ni^ro level than the front laX)fP,n. in,/ 4, "" ^f "^ "" *" '^ "'''i'« •>««;><• H stood, and which was geological yielS to the .IhI ZJf^I'V'T *''" ^"""'' "» wl"'"'' ^ve .. that before us. We found thoiy rof He Xi h mo ,?! ;, h '"T* "^ ?'«>•"> ^^'"^ «"!'«»"'• tings on our way to Grand Palls vet the Iwid w«i it 1 1^ °"i^"^ "''''«"* in all tat, road cut- notwiti,«u„rtingthocarele88nVs8\,Vculture '^''"'°^' "°^ ^^"^ ^'""l'*' '"eally magnificent. i^<^^^p:^^ "eauty, esj.cially near Kiver St. John. At 3 p. in. we reached Sd Fa Is To«, ^T' ''^' "'^'ir their junction with the and seemed thriving, /rem the bustle of tians and traffic i„ l[ Zn ^''^' f '^"^ ""^' Picturesque, tants looked healthy and robust; but whatTttmct !? n« ,^,i . "'*'• »"'?'«. «treets. The inhabi- independence not met ^^-ith in ou'r co mTi towns J vce t ZlTH "^ f ""*"'" 1^'/ "^ '^'f^'^y "'"^ to inid It over the many. After refres inV oiTrselveN f,n,,. Tr ''" ^"r.'""^'' ^""'^ ^^''° «»•« "ble exploring on the east sfde of the river! At GiZ ^11! Z/n f, ^r? "^Z''" J""™^^' ^^'^ "Parted equal to the land below the Tobique During our ra,hr^w?^f"'«'''*^ hut scarcely te« '''«'1«- the pointed precipice, on the ven- voS of tho?oarS^«fnr«T ^a^J^^'"^ "" ^^« '•''"^''^'•l of scenic effect culminates. Within a f a«l of L rus ed tt ?ki -V ,.f h""' ^'V",* ^'T, ^^'''"''' P"^^«i- water Far beneath our feet boiled a Lt° Jdssinf ca , dmn „f f ^ ""''l'^' ''««^»9"K-pl"nging Imge logs plunged, whirled, and darted alioutUkei-eXhf«J?-^^^^^ ••*",'' T'V'- '" ^'"^^b the above us H^itted silveiy siiray clouds on whicl. nm. nn?! V '^'"'■'^■'"^'- "ef^ire us and liigh bows would linger for a moment then vlS ^hl «i'°T*V"'' V^' ^"'' ".ree, beautiful rain- of the scene; b^t they seenied mo reCvLlf beaSl 4l en^H^'^"''^ "^'^l«°"»^ "^''^^ I'"'"'' elegant suspnsion bridge, about 500 vai-ds below fh! K„ il ^ " ^''^^ ™8« between ns and the n. ft flickerfng double rainbow, and viSthZihti.ffi;.^''" ^^^^}l^' ^'^ «t"«:ture, framed tame. Niag^^a^irbura'vrt Sg^'UK^hK^^^^ groater-ma~g,ViTurir8rem waters flow away from the ven- Nadir of tl e catarict n«T„Mi ^''%^ ^ "^f^'l' ^^^^e, and whose disturb their com-se. With the waters of h«rS v '*'''•''">' '"^^ ^^ "°thing had happened to seem to revel delightfully in the terrific 1!, mlso^Wn f "l 1 '^.''J^Ty 'Ijffe/ent. Thise waters whirl along, thunclering ^th their voice as thfvV^ iffi. • '«"' "' *'',??^ ^''^'^ ^«'*1*' ""^ bound and as they dash along, far as tl^e eye mn reM. flll^.^ii^ their fierce sallies against the jutting rocks mile below the bridge. Ni^arl is ceS V a ,nn^?r'''l."^ "i* *''f "H*?'*^ °^ "'« «"rg« about a t U3 enchanting surroimdinS "gi-LS? The nft fr.'"* ^^Uiral phenomenon, Tmt it has not all so exquisitely combine Is to render them unrfvE anT^nl til'" "^''V^'" f '*"^'' '^°^* l-^autiful lime spectacle mil be within one-and-a-K Zurs' ride hv i 'f7°"^"" of nature. This suIh evening we re-visited the Falls to see an 1 feel X IffliL \f ■ ^'^°"' ^"''^ ^'onehaven. In the vays of the moon, and well were we repaid for ou nafns ^'^^'''' ""^'^ *"" P'^'^ '^'"'^^ , J".!!;!S "^.^^fi"* 10a. m., we l^t the Falls, altera farewell vi«it to th. «.._„.„„ ..:._.. feiiii^to cimrch: ai;^^^^^^ Sa^s^^^ih ^iSj^raii;^!:. ^^r"*^^ aM sta^i^i'iiiit'wwr^;;; dressed, and cheerful and happy in aSeS^ C ^fn^ °i/,,''" T^P'''- %> ^^^''^ all well very pretty. ^^^ appeaiance. ihe girls, without an exception, were really 32 On Mod. Hv inormnK we vi»iU)d th« farm of Mr. Acton. It io «itiiBt.-l on th., Iiiuhenl ri.l«u in i^'^T'^V^ 'lVT\'^'\ T'V.omeBoa..ml tin,, Hpring« Tl " tinihrr pr<>NL'ntly rovcring New Ivincdr.lniHMhiiv uv..rHgr8 hh followw: -On.'-lliird r. ck or «..«. r mu, .,. (M. to 7<. f.Ma high ; one-thinl hirch ami hot-d. "woo-Ih. an.l one-thlr. 1 !; r nm w ? tim.ly Hprink ... with ctMlar, spruce, an.l hmulock. K.ich acru will avenig,, 4(» trw>H, of whid, 10 rliingH'"'' '*'">'='"•''""'""'""•''•• -"•^••""t '- inch...H.aml th. nMuaimler umuVlJ inchul., In.i B.-f.)ri. l.javing Mr. Acton's farm wu went over it, carefully noting the .piality of the rrons an.l on one part where a l.urn.ng of five acreH ha.l just been made, we took those in oKfkm w mac.cal ly he amm.nt of labour neceswirj- to plant In.lian com an.l potatoes on lan.l nevc^r e- r..re <,iu:he.l an.l the result was that three light .itr..kes of a small hoe ..ffecterl the > anti.m f.n- each bu.ich ot sten.s. ( n another part of llu, farm we fonn.l a la.l hoeing iK.tat.3es . H ew L, The hoen.g was as simple as the planting. For the grain cr.-ps ,.n n..w Ian. the operationis « i ra.)re simple. The see.l is sown firomlcast among the stumps, then l.arr.)we.l over am he work IS. lone, ^husthe croppng for the fl.rst few years that so much frightens the int^. u i„g on i. grant 18 really the easiest uert of h.s farming, as he re.niires neither oxen nor horses and « tlms time to clear away his l^arm an.l make his home c.m.Vortable, ..r, if need be, earrnumovr working to neighbors with m.>re ample means while his crops are coming up. A e" Teavi f. Actons wo, n,turne.l t.. N.nv Stoneliayen, convinced that, all things being considere.l the niZ desirablel.icahty tor New Kincardineshire is that dioseii. "omoreu, uie most On our return to Kilburii's, I went to the river side an.l followed np the bank for nearly two mile^ noting the km. of stones m the r ver beds an.! the jutting rocks. 1 ha.l dc ne he same In the Mmiiec, and foun. everywhere pro.jf that the soil of New Itrncanlineshire ..verliVs ^h^ ns.r Silurian, as I could not fin.l the debru of any other kin.l of rocks in the river b... evVwmr J ' l^hxl down by the stream from the upi^r Luntry. All those comesaniwi 1 gJolS know that the soils of the upper Silurian are of the best. I do not judge tin. soil ofNew KincRr dineshire com],amtivoly between it ami Scotlan.l an.l Lower Now Brunswick 1 it cmZraS between it an.l the finest soils on the ghibe, which 1 have seen, both un.ler cul vatZ „mlln a state of na lire, an.l I coiisi.ler the sen of New Kincardineshire e.iual in richnesa to 1 mt" f ' famous valley of San Jo.se in Cal.f..rnia an.l the grain crops 1 saw on the skirls of New Knca d neshire were quite equal to any I bad inyself raised, or seen -aised, on the valley relieUo The layer of super soil on the great alluvial deltas such as the Nile, Ganges, and ili^sisSi is much deeper than in New Kincar.hneshire, but not rich.u-. After leavintr \ct.m'« f«rf,! ^ '« f revisited all the interval farms up to five miles above New Stone^m" .rif,,r.lert.,Imv«'„T *"'"'' ler 1, excepting somo ioloKicftlartinities il of New Kincar- iit comparatively Itivation and in u 33 to that of the 8 of iVew Ki near- alley referred to. md Mississippi is n's farm, we first • to have a know- 118 in the Colony, it, of whose pros- puted. The best ) thus much en- ure of what our ired parts of the farms and stoad- aking enquiries, wlien we started, ir in the caniage, ithout changinjr. leasts with tjuick ck step are used, if household fur- here would only I no duty on tea, the Government at we left for St. d to leave before i zealous to meet entative of New •nor, and spent a his manner, tuul Id be wanting on about your good climate of New :;;r, iiicy 'trero Ho ily not eo fleshy, •t but more inuMMilur and liardv lookina Tim iiucrv.>«.. )t..i..„ 1. ^ 1 1. State, of the Union. We sav ' VliidiS^.t .tinTin g^S'un ^u fall d ,hem if^k fT"'!""? and imimrently pro.pero.i.. The hVonch (;«na«'> ">« had really in^-ase,! in staVure t lie>- rtkln f ad L.t'nSi. j^rroblS "T'/' *"? *' "'^^ host illustration and test of the cl{iiiat« of V.w Bewick is^f,ni£^^ l>t.rhnp« tho the aborigines themselves. These aborigines are ^Wh of tl le ^roS^^ AmTrio " ^""'"r ^ Family. All the varieties of this Family, '^b.itli Aniericiin and AslaMe *^ha A ^^'nerico-Sfongolian ducMMl by .lunatic influence as much as by the surromu^ gS.littms of Hfe F i^v"'*' ''T P'""" specimens of the Hnest varieties of this wide-spread rS Ih.Ti Asia and* in feH."'^'l'L''"T America, .irul most of them nn, iiif..rinv «„,i ., ?....''" '\*'* ''."'' .'" North and South ...p... .....vii^oii inucB III Lii» uiHiiuii iiiiure. * """ A highly-civilized race, possessing the advantages of a climate like thnt nf K^« n • 1 ^ Canada, cannot fail to become in due time one of the greX'st na ons o? e^f h 'i?."'"''^!'^''"** travelled in India know well how feeble and very reason ■ >l 1 84 to l)oliovo that tho work contraotmi fnr Uv *4i.«..:»r n i BOILOIHn OONRAOTS, buildinKs for wlH-oI. I |„vvo oontraotod! ^'^ aooomu.odutod i» tho It >H conndoiitly boliovod thni nn.i.... «i. wlok and iu tho .vm^ZhuoCn! ^ "^ onsuu,,- your, nrrivo in Now Hruus. "toHt dotaika d W L: r.7'>^-"-. t'--ou,h and portbct iu tho .uiu- ovorv propamtiou wi 1 bo mulo 1 n """"f '"' ^^''^ '^'-^^ '^"M'l^un.anu.toos that all tl.at Captain ^ u^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ T" ''""^"'' '"•'''I»^">-'t. oon.potonov aro ccption. " '* ''""^* wa.-n..hoartod. ouUaisiastiu ro- SWISS IMMIGRATION. Tho following comapoudouoo was al.o had relative to Swi.s Lnn.igration :« nKl'AKTMEN'r OF AGRICUI/rilRK, "•oforouoo to Swi«H «,ni«r.uion to th £^"0^^ f'*"''^ ^^^''' '» ^""''^"'. ''« ««»ttl ittoditios to ullrwt such I have tlio honor to bo, Sir, /its- ,T°"' obodiout Horvnut, (Sjigned) JOHN LOWK, Tho Hon. Tho l^rovincial 8ocrel*ry, Prodoriotou, N. J?*°^' °^ ^"^'* "'' ^fi«-'""'<"'o- PASSENGER DEPARTMENT, Albxandra Huiu.mos' Jambs Strret, W. Dixon, Esq., 11 Adiun Street, Loudon : ^'v»»wool, August *nd, im. D«ar Sir Wn tiilrn of lllOMO llll- wiok (lia(. luM- uiiptHoiun' aft' ' lio, and (Iiat, * coloni/atioii tliusiastio ro- nigratiou ; — pist, 1872. 3tin" of Agri- it tod to tUl)^ I London, ii) roForonco to I'rovlnoo of utlraut suoh riuultiu'o. id, 1872. od from a ia a very tt" .t::r.^<;|;;;! l!„C "" *'"""""»'-'« -^'' y^^- «»»°'« - Cfanuda m rcfcr«no'o ,o Yours truly, ALLAN BROS & CO., Per J. EmNs. KNCLOSURSa. iir„..., A I. » ^ , . STHAsnorno, July Sftth, 1872. Messrs. Ar.LAN Ihios & Co., LIvtMpool: .»"♦'. of S'ir'i''7^^^""'.' •";'"«. "y '*""•' "*' "'*' ""' '"'"•' I '""^ rofor to your favourof lo, Swit«oU 'l r 'r "'"''"' '"." '" '"''" '^'^'''^^•' "''^t^" «'«"^'^^r»'*»K «»'" o'niRrfttiou .. 5w!, r ' rmuiossoo. lu cousoquonoo of tlii» loftm-, Mr. Elingor lui» boon mIu'm '•'""' •'"'Sy?"'* in (H,.n,,nny with Mr. I'rovonchor, tho Cumdinu dolognto, to Hoo " Nutionalonth " Dr. William Koos. ** ' .,..!Jr '"n" ^■"". ''^l^'^Jy"*! l>y H'«' gonllomiin. who. as I should toll you. is a man o- n.u?. .'!!.?"•'" '" ;^^^"*«'-'«'»U'»' i"''"<'''«^ l'it»^^«lf for tho omigration of his country- mon. and ho.r wo laro ,„ tho Now World, for no uthor reason, but for philanthropy's h« i»,;„ • \'f.' ^'Vr""'"'"""*' "' " "■""'^' ''"^""' '"«' 8''"«< coulldonco in Dr. W. Foos, lo^iUK lum,soU an Hon. mombor ol tho National Counod, and it is not at all adterso till nigra ion nuostion providod its subjocts boing woU oarod for wh«r.> thoy g,) to. n ,.i . !!, ;■"*'' .*^^^''««'*]'^»'' '•«'»« "voi-populatod, it ollors too little chauoo for a ru.siic mail of making his fortiiuo tlioro. „nlli!!. *'r'i '''' •'"^^^^vi"'"''l'"'«' 1>"''>K " •'""nil and mountainous country, and well pop dated, has no abundanoo of oultivatod land, and that whioh tlioro is, Is only sold Ob a in ST/ '^ '"m'?'' "\*' V'""';« '"'"'' ^^''" '"^'' '^"'^ " ''"^'^" «'HHtal, cannot Ob ain with the samo sn lloiont land to become prosperous, but is obliged to work in t .0 fiv. tones, which is also uupro.ltablo, fancying that a man has to wSrk 13 hours J S;, 1 Tf "/'"'■" !""'"'' """' * •" ^ *•"""«"• '" «!'"« "f "'»'. tho small country Swit orhuul has about !)0 000 men and women who work in the factories. To iZIv )r w .>'"" I'^'H^V""' '" "''' >'"""^ goneration of tho rural population in general, D . W. I'oos went to Tennessee to ,seo if ho couhl obtain some free grant land for hi. ountrymen. I ho amount he asked t"or is about 100.000 acres, but he wants to have niem without any condition whatever; and he promised the (^,ovornor. if they sluudd s ho had the signatures of about 100 communities, that their emigrating folk, s'hould n at he vl.7" ; "^'"''' -'''.'iV '" ^'" •"• AI'-- ^^««« «•«»» to have reason to belie e ihm V ",?'.^^"r,r«'\".' 'lonncssce; why. ho would not tell me, and so I took this iCiice tL^titoba '" «'"»ntrymcn in Canada, for example, in the ...?!ut' '''^^■""„K"«"'' »')'»>«•. Foos, and looked upon by him as a country which would do very well m cxehango of Tonesseo ; and so ho took fo the idea, proved tho (.anadian .overnment would grant him those condifious which ho asked fmm the on esseo (Jovernnunit. What these conditions are you will see by tho advertisomen <>t .0 'hclnvoirgenschoAnswan.lornngs Tertuny," of which I enclose a triuulalion. It Uepondsnow upon the ( amuliaii (Government to make Mr. W. Foos such ofl'ers Zt'u^l! "i'mi ' ^'"'V- . V" »'""»'•" '^''^ ^^■""' '^' ''^^'^^" Switzerland are not poor, but take a little capital with thom. *^ * n.ufi?.S'"'n-"'^^^"'n'"'"""l ? ^'"'»'»"»»^'ftto^l with by it.s agent, Mr. Provenchor, Ilvn. ^ 1 n .^^•""/»'.7»'".'' ".' '^"^l P^'P^rly handhul something must oomo of it you can d«> anything besides in that matter, which answers tho pur.u.se, I shall feel u li Ob igcd, ,n ,he meantime 1 give vou the assurance that nothing 'will bo negloott Mm) pan to cany m.itters to a goo.t end. If you think it advisable that I should ill . , . 1 Vr'V i"" ^""^""l'"^^"* :'i™«'t «>» <•'« «»bjoot, ploa.0 to namo mo tho moat iminential party 1 have to write to. in order to s'sm!!/ * * - - result tjuivn. ausWcr aiid a rnvurable Yours truly, (Siguod) BICIIAIID liKIiNS. 3» PROVINCIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE, Sir,-~Yonr communication of fh. oq a /^'^^^^^ctok, 26th November, 1872. panying the same. havTogb^en laLtforefhelZ^ ''^^%"^^' *''« '^^-'"-■^^^ «-o™- in reply thereto, been difecteJ o say St the r-'r' '^^f'^"'' ^" ^«"°«''' ^ •>«-«. and m course of carrying out to coZletbn as L^ T""'"*- ^'*^" ^' f'''^"^' "'^ hand and through such lands • th«^ tJr^o "°,*^®^'^?4 '^"^^ cause public roads to be made tn by the Provincial Act ^ V rC TTftr^ a^"'\^™^°* '' "^^ those prScJfbed communication. ' ""• ^^P" ^' °^ ^^^'ch Act three copies accompany this ^ol^^^^rl^l^^^^^^^ effort the Government will be prepared Bloc^ks as may be foJnd necessf^y "'''"° ''' " ^''''^'' «««'°g ^^^t a similar SocHr -uid^e;;;^£-rKc^-"^^^ The Hon. The Minister of ISle, Ottawa. '''^- '^^«- ^^^^ER. 1' FREE GRANTS. Under "The Free Grants Act 7 879 " ,.. w set apart for actual settlement 1 J T^*^'^'^^ ^^''"^ been made, and tracts Act J but from z^rJtrttzr^' '"' r'^""^ ""^^^- *^« *--^ «f ^us believe that, duringZconin^t T'"^ received, I have good reason to Province wil be mad nSheXT "?"'""*^ ^' ^^'^ ^''"'^^^ ^^^ «^ «- lations. ^'' *''' ^^^''^' provisions of this Act and these Regu- THE ST. JOHN AGENT. been m'^ch la^grtharfortl^!^^'' ' /^' Immigiation Agent at St. John have Of What has bfen d'o^e ZZ:^^ ^;^- «^^ ^^^ -«--^ ^Po- year, Z 1^ Z^^:lf:;Z^^ ^^ Ne. Brunswick, during the ensuing duties of this officJlM.f.!'_5/"'!°^^^^*^ «^^^ f«r several years past, the ~ ""' "" '-""^^-^J-aDiy increased, and wore it the duty of this lags Tertung," )r of Tennejsee, could be suitable :o live near each 3880, to make an Jctive communi- hatever, also, a d to I'.ie accept- nber, 1872. ments accom- uncil, I have, Jsent on hand is the limited he request of ake to lay off ^ good settle - > be made to 'e prescribed ompany this be prepared lar Block or tion thereof to be made. RASER. and tracts a Report, ms of this reason to lien of the lese Regu- lohn have vy Report e ensuing past, the ty of thivS 37 Province to provide for the payment of this officer, I would have pleasure in re- commending an increase of his salary, now disproportionate to the duties and responsibilities wliich he discharges most economically and efficiently. A NORTHERN AGENCY. Having made arrangements with Captain Swinney for a supply of Immigi'ants, such as he brought to New Brunswick, to be distributed next year on the North Shore, it was deemed advisable to establish an agency for the purpose of making arrangements for their reception and theii- distribution as soon as they ari-ive. Mr. Adam D. Sheriff was appointed, and is now acting under instructions from me. His services will be required also in connection with the Colony that will be lo- cated at Balmoral District. EXPENDITURES. The expenditure of the past year in connection with Immigration is classed as follows : — For House Building and Furnishing, !.' J'^^^i^^^of Immigrants and Expenses, connected therewith, Koad Building and Hand Chopping at HeUerup, Stonehaven and Balmoral Settlements, " Miscellaneous Expenses, . . Total Expenditure, Total Appropriation, . . S2,472 45 10,656 79 6,438 01 1,037 02 820,604 27 20,000 00 604 27 Over Expenditure, CONCLUSION. It is submitted that with the funds at their disposal the Government of New Brunswick has done as much towards the promotion of Immigration as can bo reasonably expected and that a degree of interest in this Province as a field for Immigration has been created in Great Britain and Europe by what, is respectfully claimed to be as liberal policy as obtains in any of the Provinces of the Domin- ion, and from wliich it may reasonably be expected a large stream of Immigra- tion will be directed to New Brunswick. A Policy, whereby a supply of Immi- grants for colonization and for the demands of labor is furnished, best suits, it is submitted the requirements of this Province; and the efforts of the Government have been directed towards securing a good foundation for, and an efficient work- mg of, this Policy. The Dominion Government, however, have the largest direct interest in the introduction of Immigrants, and it is confidently claimed that the $10,000 placed by them at the disposal of the Government of New Brunswick have been so judiciously expended," that they are justified in not only expecting the appro- f, ■" "" "" ^"'" -"' "'■^" ^"sumg jear nut a much larger sum if at all within the power of the Dominion Government; and, while thus claiming of the Domin. 88 ion GoTOmment, it is respectfallj urged that it will bo judicious and prudent in the LogBlature of New Brunswick to continue the woric begun under the Zo pnafonoflaatyear.byn^g an appropriation for the Ling yarasZgt " *Tr ,T.'*""^ '^"' ""^ '■'«"'' 'o *» "'"er public services ' All ot which 13 respectfully submitted. I have the honor to be, Your Honors's obedient servant, BENJ. B. STEVENSON, Surveyor General. Ij II prudent in the appro- IV as large 50N, Jeneral. APPENDIX. I-THB FREE GRANTS ACT, 1872, WITH THE REGULATIONS TRACTS SET APART AND FORM OF PETITION. II.— CAPTAIN SWINNEY'S REPORT, m.— MR. ROBERT SHIVES' L3P0RT. 40 NEW BRUNSWICK. An Act to provide for Freo Grants to actual settlers on Crown Lamh. Sec. 1. 2. 3," 4. or Title of Act. Governor, &c., to set apart certain tracts of Crown Lands Lots of 100 acres each to bo laid off for actual settlers Free Grants, to whom made. .'). Location tickets to whom issued. 6. Ijand assigned to each person. 7. Application for land to make aftic'avit. 8. When grant shall issue. i«' E."°* forfeited, what claim foi .mprovements allowed iO. What trees cut on lots may be seized. 11. Rights of locatee with regard to land. 12. Heirs of locatee dying intestate. 13. When lands not liable for debts of locatee or his heir 14. Lands not exempt from rates. 15. Buildings may be erected for temporary accommodation. 16. Temporary buildmgs, how disposed of. 17. Agents to make regulation, how appointed. Be it enacted by the Lieutenant Governor Lecislativo f'm.noii a„,i {'"^'^^^ }^*'' 4''^«^' ^®'^-- 1. This Act shall be called " The Fre™ Gra^S 187^. ""'l^^^^ proceedings whatsoever. ^* ^^^-' ''"^ "^^ ^« «" ^'ted m all acts 2. The Lieutenant Governor in Council is herehv a.iitlinviva,i <,,^a „^ i ^ , apart certain tracts of the Crown Lmids in t fs ffi TncH dt^k L^ett^^^^^^^^^ and cause public roads to be made to and throu, ' ae same Slen selectS "'"' "°^ cultivation, ^trj\nS^:ss-!s^f-^^^^^^^ (h?.l\TrTaUe^d°£rca\7eTc^^ land within the meaning of thfs Act, as sof n ^s t e ^ovaf of his TS ^?',t'i''^ published in the Boyd Gazette of this Province, and u on such ubHca on n Iw ml? '• '"" 'T form as may be prescribed, to be called a "Location Ticket "shal be ,W^^ '" ff'' the Surveyor General, a record of which shall bekept in the CroS Land Office ^'^ '^ ^' 6. No person shall be allotted or assigiied any land under thiS or anviP^,l*t- .i unless such persons shall be of the age of eighteen ™OTunw^^^^^^ person be assigned any greater quantity than one hund?^d acres^ iS-rLZeSl«Tnl""T'"''^ SrSrTs ""'" *•" ''' "' '''''''''' ''^^'^ "^^y '^ -«S k^TiantFtrr iSinX^ peL'n1hTnTaka"d:S^'o\1tpl?S^£c^^^^^^^^ that he has not been assigned or allotted any land imdrtCprSns of t^^s Act" to^^^^^ the age of eighteen years and upwards, and that such lajid is desired for his m.^hnr,ifif %^°^ the purpose of actual settlement and cultivation, and not eitLTStlv , • Ind ^.^ f ' ^^'^ ^'''' andSenefltof any other person or persons whasoev-"? and not fo?tl^unS^o^ """ disposmg of any o the trees growing thereon, betore he obtains p^^iti^onXrofor^ "^ a No grant shall issue for any land allotted or assigned under this Ari Z- o nt ~ W thei-emider, until the applicant or those claiming under Inrsha have nevto^vr®i'^''^'K" 'i'^}'' following settlement duties or conditions, viz. :-Tlie locatee shali P^rtormed each of the n.SS-e:^S^'?^St^Ft^'^rtl ^"' '"^"""^"'^ "'' "'^ '^' -«^«-«d *° him within one nofS dfmTSS^S'L^^^^^^^^^^ «t for habitation, of three acres by sowing and nlp^ting th)- sa^e ' ^ ^^ cultivate not less than Thirdly.—Chop down, cultivate and clear not less than ten acres witl.in ti.ro.. „ „- * publicatron, and shall each year actually and contimia y ouKraU S^^^^^ froin such during such three years. ""iiumiy *'' y^ «.° '»"°"«^'' '^"'l '"''y ^l^o «»t ^°d dispos^rof all trees aaimUv required to be removed in 6rm« ^fc clearing said land for cultivation ; and no trees, (exeep for necessary building, fencing and fuel as aforesaid), shall be cut beyond the limit of such actual clearing before the issuing of the gi-ant, unless license for cutting tL same be obtained? aid such license may be obtained by the locatee after compliance with settlement conditions numbers one and two, upon such terns as may be prescribed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council ; but anv nitvpl.iff''Pi'''i'f°'''""'^^ without such license, may be seized and forfeited in like manner as trees cut without license upon ungranted Crown Lands. '»"uoj in inrv'^J!-!.^"^*^?' '^i'" ^1^ *T^°1 Claiming under him, may maintain an action of trespass for any injury done to thelandso located to him, or his interest therein, while entitled to possession tJX'^Z\^'?.*'''-Pr^^^^^^ "^."^ nothing herein contained shall be constrSt? n" terfere with the rights of the Crown to seize any trees cut in violation of the «ro\ision8 of this Act, or any regulations matle thereunder. ^ °^ ""^ }Jt IU\\^ ^"f-^'^l ^'^ Intestate before the is. . of the ^-ant, all his right and interest to such lards s^iall vest in us widow if he leaves one surviving him, but if not, then in his heirs. IJ. JNeither the locatee nor any one claiming under him, shall have the power to alienate (otherwise than by devise), or to mortgage or pledge any land located as aforesaid, any right or mt^aest therein, before the issue of the grant ; ancfno land located as aforesaid, nor any Interest thei;ein, shall in any event before the issue of the grant thereof, be or become liable to the S- faction of any debt or liability contracted by the locatee, his widow, heirs, or devisees 14. Nothing m this Act contained shall be construed to exempt any such land from lew or sale for rates and taxes now or hereafter legally imposed upon tfie locatee thereof, or any person claiming the same under hini. ^ f°»ouu 15. The Lieutenant Governor in Council may cause to be erected on any tract seleated under the Second Section of this Act, a building suitable for the temiwrary accommodation of any immigrants that it may be deemed advisable to colonize on any such tract, such building to serve as a residence for such immigrants until they build houses for themselves, upon lots to Be located to them under the provision of this Act, and may aid any locatee under this Act in choppinc and cleanng his lot, by an appropnation of not exceeding fifteen dollars, so soon as he shall have chopped dow and piled for burning two acres thereof, but no immigrant shall be entitled to reside m such temporary residence for a longer period than fifteen months 10. So soon as such building shaU, in the opinion of the Lieutenant Governor in Coimcil have served the purpose for which it is to be erected, it may, together with the one hundred acre lot on which It stands, be granted to the Trustees of the School District in which it is situated in trust for the benefit of che Schools of the District, or other public purposes o^uawu, in 17. The Lieutenant Governor in Council is hereby authorized to appoint any aeents and to make any regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. ■'"»=' »"" w REGULATIONS UNDER "THT FREE GRANTS ACT 1872." 1. Whenever any Association, of not less than ten persons, either residents of the Province or '!m '^^dents, shall make application, declaring their intention of becoming actual settlers under The Free Grant Act 1872," each Associate shall have a lot located to him in any Ti-act set apart under the provisions of the Act, and so soon as sucli Associate shall have chopped down piled and burned two acres on such Lot so assigned them, each Locatee shall be paid fifteen dollars • and the roads shall then be made to and through the Lots so located. ' 2. The Surveyor General shall m-epare the necessary forms of Petition, Certificates, &c., to cariT out the provisions of the above Act, and furnish them to all persons who may aoolv for them TRACES OF CROWN LAND in the Province of New Brunswick, which have b^en 8urvS"ed euu are set apart and reserved for settlement under the " Free Grafts Act 1872."— RE8TIG0UCHE. AcreSi 10,000 In the " Balmoral Settlement " 10 miles S. W. from Dalhousie. 5,000 In the " Colebrook " Settlement, 6 miles S. W. from Campbellton. 42 • OLoroasTaB. 't'fm In Iht "^^'^'"^, " Sottloment, 10 miles from Bathurst. NOBTHUMBHRLAND, 6,000 On the Intercolonial Railway, 8 miles F from Newcastle. KENT. 8UNBUBY. YOBK. 6,000 In " Peltoma " Settlement, 30 miles S. W. from Fredoricton. (Oromocto Lake.) CABLBTON. 6,950 On Heads of 8. W. Miramichi Riyer, E. oi Glas«ville. VIOTOniA. ' lo'SSo SJI V "^11%^ '^"•'i*?"*' 23 miles up. V'xilx "" "' 8'"0 of wreon River in St Booii g.000 On Baker Brook,MadawMka? 141,230. c«S»5;XV.'^3^"" "" «"»>"«". '^ «" »P«l ««der to Act, ta tlM, t. tta, „ clr- not been assigned or aUotted any land under th^ m-ovfiinn. ^^^^i '^li'"" P^-ovince, that he has that he 18 bom fid^ desirous of iecominc ^ Stiml «Ittil ''!, ?'^fX«« G^ant« Act, in 1872." that Act, in- wcoming an actual settler, and of obtaining an allotment under (Hen describe the Tract.) cuPv-^SairnStK^^^^^^^^ Pu^ose of actual settlement and sons whatsoever, and not for the purposTS oEim, n?^°' ^enefft of any other person or pei- thereon, before he obtains permisff therefor ^ ""^ disposing of any of the trees growling Your Petitioners therefc. ^-y W E,^ Wa a.nroval of this petition. Dated day of-— 1^, aT D 18 ^^^^' P^''^" NAMES OF APPLICANTS, No. 05" Lots. 4d Be it remembered, that before me,- Peace in and for the County of- hlau Boad. 1 Junction. reserved f, as cir- Bweth. — 1 estate, It liu has n 1872," It under lent and I or per- jrowing > OF )TS. — , one of her Majcaty's Justicei of the ", personally appeared the within named applicants, and severally made oath that the Btateni.iiits set forth in the within ii*etition were true. Dated this day of , A. D., 18 N. B.— Unmarried men, and married men with less than two childie" a entitled to one hun- dred acres. Married men with two or more children under eighteen years of age, will be assigned two hundred acres. B. R. STEVENSON, ' Surveyor (Itneral. Crown Land Office, 4th Nov. 1872. CAPTAIN SWINNEY'S REPORT. KiNGSCLEAR, N. B., 21s Jaouaij, 1873. Sir, — In accordaace with your request, I hi ve the honor to submit for your infor- mation certain matters regarding the emigrants brought out by me from England last year. The whole number of those who arrived was 119, of whom 114 are at present in the country, 53 being males of 16 years of age and upwards, who may be classified as under : 30 — Agricultural Labourers. 4 — Gardners. 4 — Painters. 2>~CarpeDters. 2— Millers. 2 — Sawyers. 1 — Shoemaker. 1— Smith. 7 — Other trades or occupations. 58 With regard to age, there were : — 48 Males between 18 and 40, 23 Females do. do. '' 41 Of both sexes below 18, 2 Of both sexes above 40, J14 The greater number of the above are at present employed .in and near the cities of Fredericton and St. John. The remainder are settled through the Province. With the exception of two worthless individuals, who left, the country vfith their families almost immediately aftertheir arrival, all whom I have either seen or heard from have expressed themselveii well pleased with the country. These immigrants were drawn principally the counties of Oxfordshire, Berkshire, and Hampshire ; and from. letters which I have lately reoeired, it wquld ^>peai< that from the accounts of the country which they have sent home, a large nnmbCii' of (heir friends and relatives are anxious to come oat and JoiA tbem ; the only difi^ODlty. being with regard to the passage money, as many of them are married men with, families aud iu pour uiruumuiaucus. O'uuiu iiiat be Hrraugeml I iiuve uvi> iueimigiiiiviM'.iiuHi^ibui that I could obtain several hundred more immigrants, most of whom conld arrive bere by May next. io b. of b.d or tadiffereut obarjer, S who wouM ,h ° f "'"""'•'"''""» k"""" that mth« country a steady hard-working man can, in a comparatiLysLrt t me become independent, while the distance to be traversed is so ZT \ 7 ' n^easures only be taken, result in large numbersTIg drain t'o^ i:Xlrwt would otherwise emigrate elsewhere. r-rovince, who I have the honor to be, Sir, Your most obedient servant, The Hon. The Surveyor General of Ne. Brno^S."""^ "' "' ''''™^^' ID 0' men ers, beco T of 1 visit whi< say i in 81 are i no 1 nati( MR. SKIVES' REPORT. Government Immigration Office, St. John, N. B., December 13th, 1872. cultrLnlXt tr "'" 'r° °" °' "°"^"*' P^°«P-'^^- The demand for agri- of It ^*'r ""l'^ ^'^^ ' *"** °^ ^'^^ ''^^^^^^ °'^™««J. the supply has fallen far short "r vTot e^ rat^eS ^^ « ^ --« - - -- huldTetulrrrt:; LT^ "d t -^^ Vf ^' ^^^^t ^^ "^^'^ ^- anfof skmedUor:hT^ '''""" '^^" * '*^^ P^''^^^"- ^« '"^^ ^^ole number; seve;^ y:i;^l::^r ' "' "" ^ ^^^ '^'"*°^' ^^«" -« * ^-g- -PP'^ than fo; req'^i.I^ntT;!"""; "" ''?'' *'^' *''^" "«™ ^" *- ^^ ^o meet the growing •romeT and H'^'T "^ ' ''f »' » to be hoped that the liberal policy of tf e Gov! ernme^nt, and the inducements held out to those dtsirous of ^£^1 .k» 1, ?_ x*-o -uiauMOi ijand, and other facilifina fhof ♦».« t>_- • • ,.''"" ""' "'* "J Of advancement ; ani that tre T^^l li i t u "' ?*'"°^ "" ' ""'^ '"'" , -uu tnai ine iracts which have been recenUy surveyed and laid off i he clergymen ' were known have left the iued in it. ho has taken 1 send out a knew before- >bable wages o diverto to lowing from ' the pupula- : knowledge short time, ;, if prompt Dvince, who [NNEY. h, 1872. i for agri- en without far short le demand early two at all who • number ; than for ! growing the GoT- jw career d laid off 46 in every available section of t>' • Province, will soon b« occupied by a race of hardy men, who will try by industry and perseverance in due time, to become thriving farm- ers, with every prospect that their childien will follow their example, and likewise become settlers on the Government lands. The whole number of Immigrants landed at the port of St. John during the season of 1872, was Eight Hundred and Two. This number passed under my own super- vision, and does not include those who may have come via the United States, and which for several years, has averaged at least one hundred. It is very difflcult, I may say almost impossible, to keep a correct record of the arrivals. The immigrants come in small numbers by the steamers of the Anchor and Allan Lines ; those by the latter are landed at Halifax, thence arriving at St. John by rail and steamer. As there are no lists furnished from which to make up such a statement as would show the sexes, nationality and occupations, I have been at considerable pains to furnish the follow- ing, which, although imperfect, will give some idea of the season's arrivals : SEXES. Male Adults, 3H Female " ^ .*22I Boys 12 to 15 years of age, !!!l08 Children— both sexes— I to 12 years of age, 162 COUNTRY. ®^ ^R\a"^,' 490 Bcotland, 240 Ireland, , ['/'' jg Denmark, .....*.*!!!.'.'.' 59 Sweden, , , . , * ' '^ 27 Germany, !*..!!!! 3 80*^ TRADES AND CALLINGS. Blacksmiths, 2 Bakers , j Butchers, " ** j Carpenters and Joiners i i ..... 14 Cabinet Makers, .'.'.'.' 2 Cigar Makers, !.!!!'.'.!! 2 Drapera, ' ' . ' " k Farmers ;;2i Fisherman, !'.....!'.'.'.. 1 File Makers, .*.'.*.''.'.!.'! 1 Farm Laborers, [ gg Gardners, , [\ 2 (Jrocera, !.'..!*.!..!)!! 1 Hatters, \ 3 Masons, ....!!!! fi Milliners, '.'....,','. 3 Machinists, j Millers, !!!!!!!..'.'!!! i Paper Makers, !!.'!*. !!!! 1 Pamtera, !!!...!!! 3 Platelayers, .'.'.*!!..'.'.' l Sawyers, 5 Seamen, 2 Traders, .,'. "" 3 Tin Smiths, '.....!!'*..!!! 2 Tailors, [ g Waiviimukers,.. ~ 4 165 Leaving 146 male adults, without any giving calling, and Female Servants, 97 i 46 These wore one hundred and eighty hearty and utroni, ]^. iv, • ten to fifteen year,, who were brought out by Mil Z Th ,"' T ""^^ ^'"^ 80 great among the Farmers that fule o„« h. . ^f" . '^""'*"'^'' ^°^ ^"^^ ^«re place, with Fa'rmera in ThJ Cou L^dtX^^^^ were provided with good Those from Denmark with hJf ""''*'';. "'8''*^ °°'3^ remaining in the City Hellerup, on the ^"87^: S^e^rT "" ''""'''''' ''^ '''' ""'^""-^ <>' ^ew not deemed a-i-e^.n^t^rtl^lttrtLr^^^^^^^^^ ftrrpr^r ''' ''"- '' ''' '-''' ^''^ -"' ''--~ ^ti^'z::; If I might be allowed, and I do not know that any person can f„.m . •stimate, particularly aa no*,.Jv oil fk ■ • . '^ "''" * ™<'r« correct I have the honor to be, Sir, Your very obedient Servant, HON. B. R. STEVENSON /c jv c ^*^^' (Signed) ROBERT SHIVES Surveyor General, «fcc., &c t • . *™' «c., &c.. Immigration Officer. t redencton. «■ varying from is for lads wore nded with good n the City ;Ioment of Now 3 •eaaon, it was nployment was ' New Ilellorup t more correct I superfision, I It ihe artisans, V017 excellent tended all who e conveyed by Jl show a still iHIVES, ion Officer. CONTENTS— REPORT. TITLE F'AGB DOMINION GOVERNMENT AND IMMIORATION ."""*! l ACTION OP NEW nRUNSWICK, ' 5 A NEW BRUNSWICK PAMPHLET ON IMMIORATION *.'.!!".!". 8 ARRANGEMENTS WITH MISS RYE 14 ARRANGEMENTS WITH A RAILWAY COMPANY 14 CAPTAIN SWINNEY'S EFFORTS ' Z KINCARDINESHIRE COLONY, CAPTAIN BROWN ' AND MR**" ROBERT STEWART, " ,- PROSPECTUS OF THE KINCARDINESHIRe' COLONY 17 NEW BRUNSWICK AID TO IMMIORATION on ACTION OP THE SURVEYOR GENERAL o| THE DANES, |.. ^,; CA™n BROWN'S LETTER ON'*NEw'KiNCARD*I*NFSmRE,'.:25 mission op mr. potts swiss immigration, ,..'.,'. free grants, the st. john agent .*.*.* a northern agency, e:xpenditure8, CONCLUSION, '1 37 APPBNDIX. FREE GRANTS ACT, I873 4^ REGULATIONS RELATIVE TO 3AME !? CAPT. SWINNEY'S REPORT, .'.*." !o MB. ROBERT SKIVES' REPORT 44 33 34 36 36 37 CORRECTION. otZl m.^lt"rP ^ ^^TT'"^ '"^^'^ pamphlet." should have followed the conclu..on the amfrt sloSa hteL'n aid asTS 01 1^^'^''^^ ^^ ^'^ ^-^^^' ^tc, page 37! «iuu uove uoen swiiea as »e,4.i8.01, leaving over expenditure «692.27.