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 A S' 
 
GEOLOGICAL SURYEYS AND EEPOETS 
 
 ON TIIK PKOrKUTY OF THE 
 
 
 
 '$x\\i\4 %xiMmi P^inmjg djir. 
 
 TOWNSHIP OF SOUTH IIAM, CANADA EAST. 
 
 TOOKTIIKU Wnil 
 
 A STATEMENT OF THE CONDITION AND PROSPECTS 
 
 OF THE COMPANY. 
 
 BOSTON: 
 PRESS OF GEO. C. RAND & AVERY, 3 CORNHILL. 
 
 1864. 
 
 • \ 
 
MCOLET ANTIMONY MINING CO. 
 
 TOWNSHIP OF SOUTH HAM, CANADA EAST. 
 
 TO „K 0UO.M.Kn .NOBU A SPKCU. CUAUTK. KUOM X„K CANAmA. PAKUAMKKT. 
 
 CAPITAL STOCK 
 
 $500,000. 
 
 IK 100,000 SHARES, AT $5.00 EACH. 
 
 WOUlvING CAIUTAL IN THE TllEASUllY 
 
 $25,000. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 President. 
 
 Secretary and Treasurer. 
 SERKNO X>. NICKERSON. 
 
 Directors. 
 
 Reuben A.. Richards 
 John J. M:ay - 
 Jklex. H. Rice 
 TVilhs Russell 
 "W'm. IS. Katon 
 "W. A. Russell 
 S. D. Nicker son - 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Quebec, Canada East. 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Ijawrence, IVLass. 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Office of the Company 
 No. ro STATE STREET - - - BOSTON. 
 
™ 
 
 NICOLET ANTIMONY MINING COMrANV. 
 
 The mine is situated in the townsliip of Soutli Ham, county 
 of Wolfo, Canada East. It lies about twenty-five miles I'roni 
 Arthabaska station on the Grand Trunk Kailway, that station 
 being distant from Quebec sixty-three miles. The property 
 consists of 1G3 acres of land, well wooded, and where the 
 veins have been opened, rising ground admirably adapted for 
 mining. The Company owns this tract in fee-simple, free 
 from any royalty or claim whatever. AVithin a few rods of 
 the property is the beautiful Lake Xicolet, the source ot the 
 river of that name, emptying into the river St. Francis. The 
 river Xicolet can be made navigable at a moderate expense, 
 if it should be thought desirable, and in such an enterprise 
 several other com])anies now working mines in the immediate 
 neighborhood would join. Wood costs only the expense of 
 cutting, and labor is abundant and cheap. 1'iie mine is so sit- 
 uated, upon a hill rising 800 feet above the level of the lake, 
 that adits, or tunnels, may be driven at a much less outlay 
 than would be re([uired for the sinking of shafts, which is the 
 ordinary mode of mining. 
 
 A peculiar feature of this mine is, that native antimony is 
 hero found in large quantities, almost the pure metal, with the 
 admixture of very little foreign matter. In this form it is 
 believed to exist in no other mine. 
 
 The accompanying Reports and Geological Surveys contain 
 so full a description of the property, and so clearly set forth 
 its merits, that it would bo but useless repetition to enlarge 
 upon these points. 
 
 A com[)any has l>een formed, comprising some of tlie largest 
 d(!alers in the metal in tlie city of Boston, for the purpose of 
 thoroughly developing and systematically mining these lands. 
 A speciid charier of the im*M favorable charactei" is now await- 
 
 i 
 
ing its third reading in tlio Frovinciul Parlinniont.. Tn tlic 
 moan time the work at the mine is being vigorously prosecuted 
 under the direction ofllerbert Williams, Esq., the well-known 
 and aecom])lished Superintendent of the Harvi^y Hill Mine. 
 
 The capital stock of the (^.mpany is ilxed at .^500,000, di- 
 vi(hMl into 100.000 shares, of the par value of $5,00 each. A 
 working capital of s25,000 is now in the treasury. 
 
 The most sanguine expectations of the success of the enter- 
 ])rise are entertained by the parties engaged in it, and arc! 
 expressed by the nnm'enms authorities on mining subjects 
 who have visitiMl the locality. 
 
IJEPOUT OF PROF. ALIIERT D. IIACJER. 
 
 I'lMM ToKsvii.M'., Vt., fimm 1, 1H(!.'{. 
 
 WiiJ.is IJrssKLL, Esq. 
 
 I)i;ai{ Slit:- — ^ In pui'siniiicc of voiir r(H|iR'st, 1 will Itriefly 
 (Icscrihc and ti'.iiisniit to yoii the oliscrvatioiis wliicli 1 iiukIu 
 oil the liiltli of May, ISO."}, wlieii in your ('oni])aiiy, at the An- 
 timony Mine, South Hani, Canada East. 
 
 TIiIh niiiu' consists of the outcro]) of a vein of the snlplutret 
 of iiitfimoN//, which is t'ound upon the southern declivity of a 
 steej) hill on Lot 28 of the first rani;'0 in the town of South 
 Jlani, county of Wolfe, Canada East. 
 
 Xothiui;- likt' systematic niinin;;' has yet been attempted at 
 this ])lace, and the only means at hand for judging- of the ex- 
 tent of the ore, or the value of the dei)osit, results from the 
 removal of ])ortions of the outcro[)ping rock by a few l)lasts 
 of gunj)o\vder, and also the removal of the thin covering ol 
 earth, by which a face of rock about sixty foot long and four 
 to six leet wide is exposed to view. 
 
 Upon this exposure of rock, a thin but continuous and well- 
 delined vein of the brilliant sulphuret of antimony is visible 
 for the distance of ten feet in length, corresponding nearly 
 with the sti'iko of the strata of rock enclosing it, and Avero 
 more of the surface rock removed, a vein of much greater 
 length would doubtless be presented, for between the walls of 
 rock, in the disintegrated vein, are found numerous fragments 
 of the ore, completely oxydized, but when broken show a core 
 of the bright sulphuret of antimony. 
 
 The rock forming the walls of the vein is an indurated tal- 
 coso schist, into which silex enters in such quantities as to 
 form quartzite in some places. The i)la<A3s of stratification or y^ 
 foliation are quite distinct, but much curved and jointed the 
 whole length of the exposure. 
 
 f'li 1 1 
 
8 
 
 At the southwestern end of the outcrop, tlie strike of the 
 rock is north 40° east, but suddenly curves, and in other places 
 is nearly east and west, corresponding with the general direc- 
 tion of the hill upon which the mine is located. 
 
 In addition to the pure ore found in the vein, there are nu- 
 merous sprinklings of an impure variety, that either fill cavi- 
 ties between the strata, or enter into the composition of the 
 rock. 
 
 B^roni this circumstance, taken in connection with others, we 
 are inclined to the belief that upon making further examina- 
 tions ah)ng the hillside, or by the removal of rock so as to 
 reach the vein at greater depths, rich lodes of the ore will be 
 found. This, however, behig the first mine of antimony which 
 we ever visited, our opinion is not entitled to the confidence 
 that should attach to the views of one familiar with mines of 
 this character, and should not induce you or any one else to 
 incur a heavy expenditure of money in developing the mine, 
 unless upon penetrating it there are found additional encour- 
 agements that favor the further prosecution of the Avork. 
 
 The ore has a specific gravity of about 4.1, and has the ap- 
 pearance of being very rich. There are two varieties Avhich 
 are blended together in the vein, and insensibly pass into each 
 other. One has a laminated structure, with a bright metallic 
 lustre, very strongly resembling argentiferous galena, and the 
 other, like the antimony from the valuable mines of Borneo, 
 consists of bundles of needle-shaped crystals, closely aggre- 
 gated, and forming masses of the ore. 
 With the best wishes for your success, 
 
 I remain faithfully yours, 
 
 ALBERT D. IIAGER, 
 Geologist for the State of Vermont. 
 
REPORT OF PROF. WILLIAM DENTON. 
 
 QricHEC, July 2, 1863. 
 S. L. French, Esq., Boston. 
 
 Dear Sir : At your request I have visited the mine of na- 
 tive antimony, situated in Soutli Ham, Canada East, and sub- 
 mit tlie following report upon it: — 
 
 Tlie property on which the mine is situated consists of 162 
 acres near to Lake Nicolet, in a liighly metalliferous as well 
 as most beautiful refi;ion, and is distant from Arthabaska, on 
 the Grand Trunk Railway, about twenty-five miles. The mine 
 is on the side of a wooded hill about three hundred feet high, 
 and the opening that has been made in connection with it is 
 about one hundred feet in perpendicular height above its base. 
 
 The first discovery of the metal was made n a perpendicu- 
 lar vein about an inch wide ; but subsequently it was discov- 
 ered to the east of that in a vein which ound to be in 
 places fourteen inches wide ; not holding that breadth for a 
 great distance, however, but swelling and contracting, sev- 
 eral times as it runs along a distance of a hundred feet in a 
 nearly horizontal line, along which it has been traced. The 
 rock in which the vein is situated is schistose, but varies in 
 its composition in different parts of the hill. The gangue, or 
 substance associated with the metal in the vein s brecciated 
 quartz, the brecciated character of it probably resulting from 
 the disturbance to which the rock holding the vein was sub- 
 jected at some remote period. 
 
 The direction of the principal vein is twenty degrees east 
 of north, and its dip toward the north and into the hill is sixty- 
 seven degrees. Out of it have been taken, I was informed, 
 masses of native antimony, some of Avliich wore more than 
 a hundred pounds in weight. In our presence, witli but little 
 difficulty, was extracted a large quantity, bright as ilver, and 
 having but a slight admixture of earthy matter so that by 
 
8 
 
 simply iHcltiii};', wliicli could icudily bo doni' upon tlio spot, it 
 nii};lit bo reduced to a niiirkotablc state at very little; expenHc. 
 
 About forty feet above tiu;* principal vein another was dis- 
 covered while we were pri>si'ul. This vein a|»|)ears to be 
 about eight iuelies wide. TluM-e is but little metal associated 
 Avith the ,ujxuinue, which is crystalli/ed quart/, but it is dissem- 
 inated throuj^h the rock lor six inches on each side of the 
 vein, making an oi-e IVom which, iiy ci'ushing and washing, the 
 metal can readily he extracK'd. A sti'eam flowing through 
 the valley at the foot of the hill might be em|)loyed for that 
 pur[)ose. - 
 
 Along the side of the hill, firther east, other small veins 
 appear, bearing antimony. Tlu'y can be readily traced l)y 
 the white oxide which appears upon the surfiice. It is evident 
 that a number of small veins exist suboi-dinate to the large 
 one, and that the hill contains a large body of nearlv ])ure 
 antimony under circumstances extremely liivoi-able to its ex- 
 traction. The rock can be readily removed, as it is easily 
 broken up, and the position of the mine is such that little or 
 no expense need bo incuried for the removal of water in 
 draining the mine. 
 
 I roc.mmend costeaning, about fifty feet below the nn'ne, 
 ahmg the side of the hill, where I think the principal vein 
 may be found in a perpendiculai' [josition, its present horizon- 
 tal one m the upper [)art being th« result of disturbance. Jf 
 no vein is found at a lower level, then an adit may be driven 
 into the hill from this point, and the vein reached under cir- 
 cumstances more favorable for the future i)rosecutiou of the 
 work. 
 
 I am, my dear sir, 
 
 With much ]-ospect, 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 WILLIAM DENTON. 
 
UKPOllT OF CHARLES ROBH, i:SQ. 
 
 ■"<^^nA 
 
 53 St. Fkancoih Xaviku St., Montkkal, 22tl Oct., ISG.'J. 
 
 Willis Russell, Esq., Queuec. 
 
 Dear Srii: — At your requoHt, suid in company with Mr. 0. 
 A. Russoll, 1 last wouk visited and insj)oc:tod your property in 
 Soutli Ham, C. E., on wliicli veins of antimony and otlicr valu- 
 able nn'nerals and metals have recently been 1i covered. As 
 the result of my observations 1 have now the honor to submit 
 the i()lIowinjj; Rejujrt, to^'ether with a jtlan of the ])ro))erty. J 
 propose to confine my remarks on the pret^uut occasio)i to the 
 antimonv ni'ne, the other minerals found on the })roperty not 
 having' as yet been develo})ed to any adequate extent. 
 
 i his ])ropertv is underlaid by rocks of the Quebec group of 
 thi! lowei* silurian system ; being the same geological forma- 
 tion in which the gold, co})per, and other valuable metals of 
 Eastern Canada occur; hitherto, however, this is the only in- 
 stance in which antimony has been found in this country. 
 1'he prevailing rocks on your ])roperty consist of argillaceous 
 chloritic and ej>idotic slate, associated with interstratified 
 bands of serpentine, dolomitic limestone, and diallage rock, 
 forming a species of diorite. Such changes of rock, occurring 
 in a metalliferous region, and especially when taken in con- 
 nection with the evidences of local disturbance which also 
 here present themselves, must be regarded as highly condu- 
 cive to the concentration of the ores near the points where 
 they occur. 
 
 The veins of antimony which are fi)und on Lot 28, Range 
 East, have been exposed on the side of a bluff or ridge facing 
 the south and rising to an elevatif u of about 150 feet above 
 the drainage level. They occur in the slate rock, and in the 
 form of true and well-defined lodes, cutting the rock of the 
 country both in dip and strike. The principal vein, marked 
 
 2 
 
 ii 
 
10 
 
 I- 
 
 i I 
 
 I i 
 
 ■ I 
 
 s 
 
 t. 
 
 
 f 
 
 > 
 
 ,1 
 
 
 / 
 
 u- 
 
 No. 1 in tlie enlarged plan, bears east 12° 30' soutli, the strike 
 of the rocks hohig about north 53° east. Ant)ther vein, marked 
 No. 2, lias been uncovered, bearing- nearly northwest and 
 southeast, and a third, No. 3, has a course north 37° east. It 
 will thus l)e observed that tliese three veins, which are all 
 well-dehned, and hold a })ertectly straight course, not only cut 
 the slate rock, but will intersect each other at acute angles. 
 These points of intersection are at no great distance apart, 
 and the area enclosed by thcni contains other subordinate 
 veins or feeders ; hence it seems reasonable to infer that within 
 this area, and at no great distance from the surliice, the ore 
 will be found in abundance and in a high state of concentra- 
 tion. Other veins of antimony have been discovered on the 
 same lot, at some distance beyond Nos. 2 and 3, and pai'ailel 
 to them, as shown en the general plan. 
 
 A pit about sixteen feet stpiare has been sunk to the depth 
 of eighteen feet on the princi])al vein. No. 1, at tlie j)oint imli- 
 cated on the plan. Here the vein at the surface was not more 
 thanibur inches thick, luit at the depth specified has increasi'd 
 gradually to twenty inches thick, showing througiiout straight 
 and Avell-deiined walls and undcrhing 70° north. The vein 
 consists of a black, slaty (piartz ore and chloritic rock (possi- 
 bly hornblendic), containing nati^'e antimony, sul|)huret of 
 antimony, (?^b ,S3) white oxide of antimony, and red oxy-sul- 
 phuret of antimony (kermesitc); also a little co|>f)er ]»yrites 
 and broAvn spar. Large masses of solid metalHc antimony 
 have been obtained from tliis working; but it is probable that 
 in siidving the vein will be found to yiehl chielly the sulphuret 
 of antimony, or antimony glance, which, containing 73 ]»ci- 
 cent, of the nietab and being mori' easily treated, will be found 
 not less advantageous to work than tlu^ native metal. In ad- 
 dition to the rich masses refeiTcd to, the ore occurs dissemi- 
 nated through the vein in radiating, prismatic crystallizations, 
 in fibrous strings and in thin |>lates ; it appears to be in gi'cat- 
 ost (quantity t(»wards the hanging-wall. What the average 
 metallic contents of the vein may be 1 had no means of ascer- 
 taining, no experiment having yet been made in dressing the 
 ore ; but from the powerful influence which the niefals have 
 obviously exerted hi moditying the mineral cjj^iructer of the 
 
 , / / / "\ . f-j .. ; /?.: .■ y /. ^ / ...x; /r y 
 
 >■'<: 
 
 / 
 
 ^ V. C^ ^ A...-y^/ ( ( >(t (U. 
 
 c 
 
 L'l^ 
 
 A 
 
 v;;^ 
 
 
tlie strike 
 n, marked 
 west and 
 east. It 
 3h are all 
 t only cut 
 te angles. 
 K'o apart, 
 bordinate 
 lat within 
 }, the ore 
 :onceutra- 
 'd on the 
 d i)ai'allel 
 
 Hie de]>tli 
 oint indi- 
 nt)t more 
 increased 
 t straight 
 Th(! vein 
 ck ( possi- 
 )liuret of 
 1 oxy-sul- 
 r ]>y rites 
 antimony 
 lalile that 
 ■*ul|)iiuj-et 
 ^ 73 ])er 
 he foiuid 
 . In ad- 
 i dissemi- 
 lli/atioiis, 
 ill j^-reat- 
 average 
 of ascer- 
 <sing the 
 :als have 
 iv of the 
 
 ^- 
 
 11 
 
 lode anrl adjoining rock, there can he little doubt that they 
 are connected with important deposits at no great distance. 
 
 Tiie vein marked No. 2 has been uncovered to the extent of 
 about thirty feet, and appt'ai's to be at least equally important 
 with the first; being 12 inches Avide, holding a straight course, 
 and di|)pnig t(» the northeast at an angle of 75°. It has not 
 yet been opened by blasting, but good specimens of metallic 
 antimony may be ol)tained by simjtly breaking the surface 
 rock. No. 3 is iilso a well-delined lode, but has not been 
 worked on. 
 
 Further develo])ments arc necessary in order to give data 
 i()r estimating with any degree of certainty the value of this 
 pro|)erty. At the same time the results of work alrea<ly done 
 are am])ly siitlicient to justify a further expenditure. 
 
 The location of the [)resent pit is good, and I would advise 
 the sinking of a shaft of the ordinary dimensions, to the depth 
 of two fathoms farther at the east end of the pit ; at the saino 
 time costeaning and shode pits, to find the intersection of the 
 veins, and if rich at these points, the work should be contin- 
 ued there to a moderate depth. ^^hatts at these points, 
 connected with the [)resent shaft by a drift and cross-cut re- 
 spectively, would j)rove the ground very effectually ; while 
 the ore incidentally obtained would probably go far to defray 
 the expense, which, for all the work specified, should not ex- 
 ceed two thousand dollai's. An average sample of the vein 
 stulf should be crushed and washed, in order to ascertain the 
 jiercentage of ore to a given quantity of rock, and if it can 
 be economically dressed by washing; the s])ecilic gravity of 
 the ore is so great that it should easily se])arate in water from 
 the gangue. 
 
 1 am disposed to t'orni a highly favorable oy)inion of this 
 proj)erty t()r the following reasons : I. From the well-ascer- 
 tained fiict that the ore here, unlike most of the metallic de- 
 posits in Eastern Canada, are contained in true fissure veins 
 which penetrate the strata to an indefinite extent both in 
 length and tlepth, and are usually found to improve the deeper 
 they are wrought. 2. From the fact that three at least of these 
 veins are found intersecting each other at acute angles, and 
 in circumstances highly favorable to the concentration of the 
 
 J 
 
12 
 
 k 
 
 f-lV 
 f jf 
 
 u 
 
 ores ; and, 3. From the great and increasing value of the 
 metal, which is extensively used as an alloy with lead and 
 tin, in the manufacture of type Jind speculum metal, bri- 
 tannia and Babbitt metal, besides many other uses and applica- 
 tions. It is highly probable that other valuable metals may be 
 found associated with it. 
 
 As regards drainage and other natural iacilities foi* mining, 
 this property is very favorably situated, as will be seen from 
 the cross section. A stream flows through the lot, and very 
 near to the mine, affording at all seasons an ample supply of 
 water for washing ores, <fec. At the distance of a mile and a 
 half water-power sufficient for crushing ores could be obtained 
 if desired. There are seventy-five acres of cleared land on 
 the property, the rest being covered with maple, beech, spruce, 
 and pine timber. The property is a freehold, and is exempt 
 from royalty or dues on the minerals ; it abuts upon a good 
 government road. The distance to the nearest station on the 
 Grand Trunk Railway (Arthabaska) is 24 miles ; but as an 
 ample set-off against this inconvenience, the price of labor is 
 remarkably low. Cost of teaming to railway, $5 ; transporta- 
 tion to Boston, $5 per ton. 
 
 I am, dear sir. 
 
 Yours, very respectfully, 
 
 CHARLES ROBB, 
 
 Mine Engineer. 
 
 i 
 
 1 I: 
 
 
 n 
 
 \ ) 
 
LETTER FllOM HERBERT WILLIAMS, ESQ. 
 
 IlAllVKY IIlLI, Coi'l'KR IMlNKs, l.Kl.i.s, 22(1 Oct., |,S(i.J. 
 
 Wir.ijs Russell, Esq., Qukhec. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Hiivino- again paid a visit to your antimony 
 mine, situate on Lot \o. 28, East Ran-o, South Ham, on the 
 20tli inst., it affords me niucli pleasure to inform vun that 
 since my previous visit on tlic 8th of June last, the 'lode has 
 been traced at the surfiice for a distance of between 30 and 40 
 lathoms, and some promising samples of native as well as the 
 sulphurct of antimony, have been broken along its outcrop. 
 
 The opening that I advised should be made with a view to 
 a more thoi-ough exploration of this very interesting nn'neral 
 deposit in a downward direction, has been sunk for a depth of 
 ab(mt 20 feet, the lode having increased to a width of a little 
 over two feet, and carrying the mineral in fair quantity, with 
 every appearance of improving, though I regret nuicli to ob- 
 serve that very little care has been taken to preserve the ore 
 when blasting down the lode. 
 
 There are two other branches running in the same hill, that 
 may be regarded as counter lodes ; these also carry the metal 
 antimony in its native state, as also the sulphurct of the 
 same mineral. They should be carefully exjilored, and 1 would 
 nrge the importance of more care being observed in the pros- 
 ervation of the mineral that may be broken from them. 
 
 Generally, I consider the property worthy the attention of 
 capitalists, and it fully merits a more vigorous trial. 
 1 am, dear sir, 
 
 ■Y«nir obedient servant, 
 
 HKRHKirr WILLIAMS. 
 
K E P R T () l< r 1{ F . HI T C H V C K 
 
 '■ 
 
 I ! 
 
 Willis Hlsskll, Esq. 
 
 hivvu Sii{ : TIk' tlilldwiiii;' is IIi(> ivport of my oliscrviitioiis 
 ii|i(iii t\\v iiiiru' (»r iialivc Jiiitiindiiy sitiiatt'd in IaA No. 2S, East 
 RaiiiLi't', i>l' South llaiu, C E. : — 
 
 TIk' i)ro[)orty consists of 1G2 acres of land, partly improved, 
 and partly (iccnpicd by a mixed iL>,'rowtli of ma])lc, l)eccli, ])iiic, 
 and sprucCj much of it exi-olh'nt timber. It is twenty-three 
 miles from Arthal)aska Station, on the Quebei' Branch of the 
 Grand Trunk Railway, over a p)vernment road. The vein 
 now being" worked runs leng'tliM'ise of the lot. 
 
 The rock of the region is the Quebec group of the lower 
 Silurian of the same age with that in the eastern townsliips, 
 carrying gold and copper. Tjithologically, the rocks are chlo- 
 ritic, argillaceous, and micaceous schist with serpentijie. But 
 the mode in which the antimony occurs in South Ham is radi- 
 cally diflierent from that in which the cop])er ores are gener- 
 ally distributed. They are in beds (or nearly in veins) sub- 
 onb'nate to the stratilication, wliile th(^ antimony is found in 
 metallic hjdes cutting across the strata, and intersecting one 
 another. It is universally conceded that the cross courses are 
 the most valuable of all nn'neral vt'ins, especially those dipping 
 northwardly like these upon your property. 
 
 A general idea of the courses of the dilferent veins and 
 their intersections may be rea<lily ascertained by referring to 
 Mr. Ilobb's very accurate ma]) of the ])roperty. The No. 1 
 vein of his classification rujis about K. fifteen deg. N., and has 
 been uncovered for a distance of 140 fiM^t, while an outcrop 
 of what is su])])osed to be the same vein has been noticed half 
 a mile westerly, near Nicolet Lake. It lies ahmg the south- 
 eastern slope of a steep hill. 
 
 Vein No. '2 has the course of N. sixty (leg. W., intersecting 
 
15 
 
 both the others. No. 3 runs up the hill N. E. and S. W., dip- 
 ping about fifty deg. H. E. Nos. 1 and 2 dij) northerly alxuvt 
 sixty deg\ No. 3 dips towards the others at a smaller angle. 
 The strata in the vicinity have the course of N. lifty-tive deg. 
 E. The length of vein No. 3 between its intersections with 
 Nos. 1 and 2 is about seventy-five feet ; while that of Nt). 2 is 
 about 130 feet. 
 
 The shaft is situated upon the No. 1 vein. It is about twelve 
 feet sijuare, and has 1)een sunk to the depth of twenty-three 
 feet, tiie lode being ascertained to improve considerably in 
 the descent. At its bottom the Avidth of rock carrying tlio 
 metal is eight feet, but the vein is not connnonly supi)osed to 
 be so wide. 
 
 At the surface the connnon width of the veins is from twenty 
 to twenty-four inches, sometimes exceeding three feet. When 
 iirst discovered it Avas only ten or twelve inches wide. My 
 hasty exann'nation leads me to sus^ject that the vein must em- 
 brace most of the rock carrying the metal. 'J'he richest part 
 of the vein is sometimes adjacent to the foot, and sometimes 
 to the hanging-wall. The gangue rock is largely com])osed of 
 dark-blue (]uart/, the remainder being a variety ot kellas. 
 About a ton weight of the gangue rock was removed from 
 tlie vein by a single blast during tlie time of my visit. 
 
 The common form of tlie antimony in these veins is the 
 native, pure im^tal. The ores present in small (piantity are 
 the connnon sulphuret, white oxide, and the red oxy-sulphu- 
 ret in binidles of radiating crystals. The native antimony 
 occurs, both in large masses, and is disseminated througli the 
 gangue. Dr. Hayes' assay shows tliat the un})romising aj)pear- 
 ing part of the gangue yield-s sixty per cent, of the metal; 
 hence, we believe that every fragment of the vein is vabiabk'. 
 7! poi'tions of the vein wliich a|»i)ear poor to the inexperi- 
 enced eye, are, nevertheless, highly chai'ged with the metal. 
 
 The curious bed of serpentine liigli up the hill contains 
 native antimony also. It will be exceedingly interesting to 
 find where the lodes intersect the serpentine ; since the rock 
 is so different it may have some inliuence upon the character 
 of the minerals in the vein. Here would be a favoi-able spot 
 to search tor the occurrence of other valuable and unconnnou 
 metals or ores. 
 
16 
 
 II 
 
 ii 
 
 The whole of the schists contain small leaders or feeders 
 charged \vith antimony, and making for the principal lodes. 
 Those wore seen west of the serpentine, where the nodular 
 masses of dark quartz lying between the strata are also 
 charged with the metal. 
 
 The veins are admirably situated for draining. An adit 
 can be cheaply constructed, which shall strike a shaft 150 feet 
 from the surface. Or Nos. 2 and 3 might be drifted into from 
 below, without shafting at present. The rock may be easily 
 blasted. 
 
 Water is convenient for the washing of the ores, and there 
 is a good mill-privilc^gc two miles distant on the road to the 
 railway. Common laborers may be hired for sixty cents per 
 diem, and experienced hands for eighty cents. The ores can 
 be transported to Artliabaska for from $3.00 to $5.00 per ton ; 
 and from thence to l?oston for $5.00. The low melting point 
 of antimony would enable you to smelt it on the spot with 
 little exi)ense, and very simple apparatus, thus avoiding nmch 
 of the expense of transportation. Wood costs, on the ground, 
 from thirty to iifty cents per cord, and charcoal five cents per 
 bushel. The ])ure metal will bring fifteen cents per pound, 
 or $300 per ton, and the mines of antimony are so few that 
 there is little danger of overstocking the market. About 
 twenty tons of ore iiave already been removed from the shaft, 
 whose connnercial value will very much exceed the exj)ense 
 already incurred in sinking the excavation. 
 
 The following are the points of greatest interest pertaining 
 to the antimony mine : — 
 
 Firsf. Tlie antimony occurs chiefly as the natwe metal, 
 without the addition of any minerali/er. This saves the ex- 
 pense of reduction to tlie metallic state. 
 
 Second. The veins are true metallic lodes, almost the only 
 cross-course metallic veins in the Quebec grou]) in Lo\yer 
 Canada. They occupy the best possible position known lo 
 miners for permanency and improvement in descending. As 
 a matter of scientilic interest it is exceeded by no locality in 
 (.^niada. 
 
 Third. The intersections of lodes are invariably the rich- 
 est portions of veins; and three such intersections occur upon 
 
17 
 
 this property, which have not yet been uncovered. It may 
 be that all three of the veins will intersect at some point be- 
 low the surface. 
 
 Fourth. The case of reducing the gangue to the pure 
 metal on the property, tlio facility with which the rock may 
 be excavated, the admirable position of the mine as respects 
 drainage, the high price paid for the metal, and its scarcity, 
 together with the remarkable cheapness of fuel and labor,' 
 combine to render this property one of very great value. It 
 is sc Mora that one can recommend a mining property so highly 
 as this. 
 
 With sincere respect. 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 C. II. HITCHCOCK, 
 
 Geologist to the State of Maine. 
 Quebec, C E., Oct. ;U, 1863. 
 8 
 

 ■: 
 
 
 1! ■■ 
 
 L i<: T r K U S F U ( ) AI I' li OK. II A ^' F. s . 
 
 k; Uovi.sroN Sr.. Boston, C> Miy. 1S(!:?. 
 Wii.r.is !{i'ssi:i,L, Ks(,>. 
 
 Dkak Shi: Vour siiiiii)li' dI' nro rciichcd mv to-diiy, and as 
 its ai)peiiriiiieu was new to me, I at onco allowed tlic other 
 e.\i»ts. to cease, and took your ore in hand. 
 
 It is a ivniai-kMhie substance, being composed of oxide of 
 antimony, metallic antimony, iron ochre. 
 
 Metallic antimony is vt'ry rare, and the oxide here found 
 has l»cen produced from it l)y a slow process of oxidation. H 
 you can obtain such masses as you sent to me, you have only 
 to put into a crucible a mixture of 10 o/s. ore, broken to the 
 si/e oi' l»eas, 2 ozs. charcoal in powder, 2 ozs. soda ash, or 
 dry carbonati' of soda, well mixed, and crucible closed with 
 a ct)ver, and heat to redness until all is melted, and you will 
 have, on coolinj*', jmre metallic antimony. Your ore contains 
 l*ure metallic antimony ... 82 
 
 Oxygen of iron and earth . . . 18 
 
 100 
 
 I assayed it for silver and g-old^ which often accompanios 
 the antimony ores, but could not discover a workable quantity. 
 From your description I infer that the deposit is in the rocks 
 between the strata, and not crossing the direction of the rocks. 
 Now, if such be the case, it may be a bed or irregular masses, 
 and it a])pears to me well worthy of examination. The oxide 
 which accompanies the metal looks like some rocks, and there 
 may be no delined walls. I write in some haste in order to 
 give you the earliest information, and hope if our mutual 
 friend, Mr. Parker, is coming here, you wili send another par- 
 cel containing the heavy metallic part and the lighter portion, 
 with some of the rock, that l may be better able to state how 
 
19 
 
 i 
 
 it occurs. An (»ro of iintiinoiiy lias l)0('n IuuikI in Now Bruns- 
 wicU, iicMi' Fi\Ml(>i'ickt()n ; l)iit as an (irc it is not ii(>arly so vaiu- 
 al)l(' as tills hair nn'tallic (lei)osit of Vdurs. 1 do not now 
 lliink of any ot'un- jioint of interest in I'eply to yoni' inijnii'ies. 
 "\'on ha\'e a el 'ar (»)•(■ as an oxiije. nnxe(l witli iiicfclHc anti- 
 nionv. a r.ii'e and \alnai»le mi-;.- eoniniercially, and intei'e-tin;j,' 
 in a srientilic \it'\v. 
 
 Tiady vi nrs, 
 
 A. A. !:AVt:s. 
 
 k; liovi.sioN Si i!i:i;r. r>o>roN. Mi'. !•_'. \s(;:;. 
 \Vll,lJS UrssKM,, KSQ., 
 
 |)lv\i! Sn{ : — So soon as your paeka^'e reached me to-<lay 1 
 conniieiieed an assay of the rock, and fonnd the hrilliant points 
 to he in part antimony, and in ])art pyrites of iron, 'i'here is 
 ronsiderahle antimony in the roek: and I re,uard this indication 
 liivoraltle t(t the view that the dep(»sit will i)rove to l»e lin]i(n- 
 tant. The oxide of antimony incrnstln<;' the nu'tal. looks so 
 much like rock, that an error could be easily made in relation 
 to it : other ores of antimonv reouire i^-reat skill and a lar^-o 
 loss is incuiM'ed in workiui;- them, Avhile this one can he most 
 (>asily worked into injL!;ots hy a diivct fusion in crucihles. 
 
 r h!iv(> shown the native metal to scientilic persons here, 
 who expressed the same interest I felt in the discovery, and 
 last ni;A"lit I addressed an audience on the suhject of metals 
 found native, and used your specimens for illustrations. The 
 description contained in your note certainly shows that a reg;- 
 ular vein exists, and i)rol)al)ly it will he found to increase in 
 width, and become clean with lininj>- walls of metamorpliic 
 Avells. I jiidg-ed the sam])les you sent to be chloritic slate in 
 fact, and tlie ([uartz very cellular, and proves much like some 
 ^n\{\ ({uartz. 
 
 Truly yours, A. A. HAYKS. 
 
20 
 
 Nkw Vouk, May I."). IHO.'t. 
 
 Willis Uusskll, Ks(.>. 
 
 r>EAir Silt: — At'lci-fi ciiroriil tt'stiiit;' of vour s|)('ciiiu'ns in 
 the box ri'fcivcd I'roin you, I scut ii tclc^^Tiiin of result bctin'i' 
 k'iiviiiji' Boston. Tlic rock iiciir tlic vein I'ontuins iiarticlos of 
 metal and oxide of antimony. l»ut not in workable ((Uantity ; 
 and its prt'seiiee is indicativi' of a rock existing' in the i-onnec- 
 tion somewliert'. 
 
 1 was much interested in your ai'coinil of the vein, and in- 
 deed in tlu' whole matter ; since I have been hei'c I have given 
 some publicity to the liict of discovering, and every one has 
 ex|)ressed surprise and the sti'oiigcst ho])es of the disi'ovei'y 
 proving (tf high value. 
 
 'I'herc is much expectation here!, too, in relation to the dis- 
 coveries of I'opper ore in Canada, and generally a disposition 
 to invest ca]>ital in pi-oinising mining adventures which I have 
 not noticed for several years, 'riie rock which vou sent to 
 n'le is eminently a iin'neral rock, and I have seen it connected 
 with gold, sihci', and coppci' ores iVom various countries, 
 some of the ccilulai' pieces ol' the gray (piartz reminded me 
 oi' many assays lor rich gold oi"e, and if in a gold-bearing 
 region, I have no doubt it wouhl be the gold-bearing rock of 
 the country generally. I do not feel abh^ t<» stati', any moi'e 
 delinitely, suggestions in relation to the veift of antimony, be- 
 cause r dt) not form, nor can I timl any wtdl-groundod knowl- 
 edge on the subject. This metal, therefore, has been found 
 connected with oi-es of antimony, excepting perhaps in Mex- 
 ico, always so related, and your pursuit of it must be thori^foi'o 
 ;i different search, and in fact a careful tra(;ing of wall-rock, in 
 ([uest of a vein of metal which may not be developed on the 
 surtiice. 
 
 1 feel much interested in this discovery, ami pleased to have 
 been able to examine tin; metal. 
 
 ii'you can send me sonn- specimens, I shall juesent them 
 /// i/oar name, to scieiitilic socit^ties, when; they will be a|j- 
 
 preeiated 
 
 ^rrulv vours 
 
 A. A HAYE.s. 
 
 IIM: 
 
21 
 
 I 
 
 K; lioYLSTON StUKKT, HosTON, Oct. 1!», IHCi.'t. 
 
 WiLT.is Russell, Esq. 
 
 Pkau Sir: — I was absent wlien your packiigv ciimo, but 
 have now eonipleted tbe analyses. 
 
 No. 1 was rook with some <j;'ranules of sulpliuret of iron and 
 much native antimony. 
 
 No. 2 was the same, with other roek admixed. 
 No. 3, simihir. 
 
 One piece was very compact native antimony in which a 
 few p,Tanules ctf sul|)liuret of antimony was foinxh 'I'he speci- 
 mens did not }j;-ive, l)y analysis of the metallic part, more than 
 traces of sulphuret ot' antimony, but the sulphuret of iron was 
 in larger |)roportion: some of the ([uartz was dark colored, as 
 if auriferiais, and many parts were like jn .id-bearing (piart/.. 
 
 An average was made of the three numbers, and this avcir- 
 age was used in the trials. 
 
 One hundred parts contained (iO ])er cent, of antimony. 
 An assay tin was used for determining silver and gold. No 
 traces of these metals were found. Neither copi>er, nickel, or 
 cobalt is present. 
 
 It will lie seen that although the rock attached to the sam- 
 ples dift'er, and the metallic parts present som(> points of more 
 or h'ss compactness, yet the true metallic i)art is the siime in 
 all of them. They are deceptive in appearance too, the 
 amount of metal contained is larger than would have been 
 
 sui)i)osed, 1 think. Truly yours, 
 
 A. A. HAYES. 
 
m 
 
 ■ . 
 
 1 
 
 , 
 
 1 1 pi 
 
 Mi 
 
 IJKI'OUT OF IIKRUKirr WILLIAMS, LS(^ 
 
 ins 
 
 ll\i:\i:v llii.i. Cni-i'i.ii .Minis, 
 l,i:i:i>s. Mi;(i.\Mic. ('. I).. 
 
 Si i'i:i!iN ii.Mn.N i"s Oi iici;, stli Fclini;nT, isdi. 
 WiM-is KussKi.i,, Ks(^. fjnehec. 
 
 lU'iwi Sii{: — - llii\iii,i:' ]»iii(l iiiv sccoikI iiKHitlily x'isit to tlic 
 Soiitli Ham Aiitinioiiy .Mines on tlio 2(1 inst., 1 n(»\v bc^- to iiiy 
 l)L'l'ore yon tlic t"ollo\vin<;' rcjioit on the |)i'o^ress ot" tlic woik 
 durin};' tiic \y.\M month. 
 
 Tlio ivtimhoriiiiL;' of tlic slial't liiis hccn well and earefnlly 
 (lone, and the sshal't was snnk dni'in;^' the month of Jannary 
 two fathoms, tlnvo f'et't, nint' inches; its total de})th IVttni the 
 In-ace Itoinj;' four {'atlioms, three feet, nine inches. 
 
 The j;ronnd is apparently liecomin^- a little harder and more 
 settled in its nature, so that I considered it was a little lietter 
 lor sinkin^i', and I accordiujii'ly reset the work for the month 
 of February ut the sume pricc^ that was paid ibr last month, 
 vi/: seventy-live dollars per tatliom. 
 
 Th;' lode is evideutly imi)rovinji;- as we j;'o down and apj)ar- 
 ently becoming- more orey; the entire width of the settled 
 portion of the lode near the bottom of the shaft, as measured 
 l>v myself, beinu" two feet four iiu'hes in the cletir, whilst there 
 Avas still some lode stull" Avith tlit> oxide and sulphuret of an- 
 timony to be seen in the side of the shaft Avhich 1 direet(Hl the 
 contnietor to take down. 
 
 The ore us broken has been [»lactM| on on*' side, but there 
 being no building to place it in, the same Avas so covered uj) 
 with snow and frost that it was cpiite impossible to estimate 
 even approximatively the amount of ore got out. 
 
 Xow that the discovery of gold in this province is attrac't- 
 ing almost universal attention. I think it necessary that I 
 sh(.uld mention that the ( 'onipan\ 's property lies within the 
 
 n; 
 
2B 
 
 limits of the ;;'()l(l-l)i'iiriiij;- ro^'ion, mid I would rccomiiu'iid that 
 cfirctul ('X[)ioriitioiis lie iiiiido oarlv in the s|»riiig with a view 
 to test its vahic lor thi' [-rccioiis iiii'tal. 
 
 I have also to <'all your attention to the fact that occasional 
 siieeks of yellow sulphiiret of eo|ii»er has lie»'n met with in 
 the shaft durin;^- the past month, and as the dioi'ites nvv known 
 to carry that mineral in payinjj^ (juantities in several parts of 
 tlu! i)rovince, I am indinec] to the oj)inion that cop|)er ores 
 may l»e found on the Company's [)roperty in suflicient ([uaiiti- 
 ties to pay for their extraction, and with a view to a more 
 thoroui^h and systematic exploration of the property for l»oth 
 gold and copper as well as tlu! antimony veins already dis- 
 covered. I would reconnnend that a cross-out be driven from 
 the foot of the hill, so as to intersect the antimony veins at a 
 depth of alxmt 20 to 2;j fathoms below their outcrops ; and 
 should the ('ompany determine to adopt this sug-j^-estion, I will 
 on my next visit take the neccessary jueasureinents in order 
 to determine the point at which it should be commenced. 
 
 Your instruct*. ns on this important subject shall receive 
 my careful and best attention. 
 
 I am, dear sir. 
 
 Your obd't serv't, 
 
 HERBERT WILLIAMS.