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1
1
2
3
4
5
6
fw iiw ^Hip iiw i . iiifiii^iyp
'■■'••■"'''■•'■»'^»-»#***'-
THE
TRAVELS
Of feveral
Learned Ml ssioNERs
OF THE
Society o£J ESUS,
IN T O.
Divers PARTS
OF T H E
ARCHIPELAGO,
India, China, and America.
Aowns, with a particular Account of the Cuftom«
w»fol"/r^'°? ^^!/S'?" °^ ^^«fc ^^veral Natfons.Thc
Tranflated from the irtfich Original publifh'd Hvi^
in the \ear 1713.
L N D l^t
^If^i^V"?'-^?^*'^^'^^^''^^ -»iCrcw;. over aeinft
\ ^Jt^unflan's Church, in Flees^fheet. M DCC XI V
IVinij^HaiMiii w^Mn,
II limn II 1 mS^mSSr
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LI
THE
PREFACE.
iT^fffhe needle fs to take up the Readers
Time with a long jiecount of the
following Letters, the Heads of the
Contents whereof may be feen in the
*^=^ Ti^/e, 4»</ it is hofd every JHdiciom
Perjon mil find fufficient Entertainment Jtd Inf4,r-
Zt'Tl,'" L^' . '" '^'^'^'''' '^"^ i''^ CharaEler,
of the Memoirs of Literature, and which we here
fp^re to tnfert to avoid anticipating upon the Opi^
mon of others^ who are fnely left to he their own
ti ""^l^r^f^^' '^"^ -"•' ^^^ ^'" ^/ ^^^rning and
known Ahthues, there is no Quefiion to bemadeb.t
that every Man may find Jomething agreeable to hi,
lajle, unlefs perhaps there be fome Palates fo deprav'd
^cannot find SatisfaRim in any thing but what is
Tnvial and Romantick. • ■ ^ wnar >s
#
A3
It
mmmm
w
The P R E F A C E.
ff ffiay be vrofer here to obferve^ that fome
of the French Letters have been en'Wely omit-
ted^ at containing mhing but Relations of the
Converfions of Infidels and other Matters peculiarly
appertaining to the M.fftoners^ which would vnly
have fwelVd the Volume and perhaps been acceptable
to none. Of the Letters inferted, feveral are alfo
much ahridg'dy where ^ thy run out into Religious
Difcourfes and Jcceunts of the Lives of fome Mffion^
ers^ as may he feen peculiarly mentioned at the End of
fome of the faid Letters.
If any Jha/l hapfen to think there is fliU too much of
the particular Acliom of the Mifftonprs and of Reli-
gigm Matters in fome of the Letters^ they are depr'd
to confider that fomething mull be allowed for Connexion ^
and above all that in mofi ofthofe Parts^which curforily
read over may feem to be barely Religious^ there is,
when rightly Confide/d, much Information^ as to the
Manner s:^ Cvfioms and Idolatrous Worjhip of the
Indian Nations.
T^Je Adiffioners being fettled Inhabitants of thofe
Countries they write of, /peaking the Languages and
reading the Boob; y are able to acquaint us with mdny
Citriiffities, which Travellers in paffmg throuoh can
never be\ Mafiers of. The Writers of thofe Letters
make the Knowledge of thofe People they are among
their Study, and converfe^ with all Sorts from the
Bighefi tethe Meanefl j thiy are Men chofen out of
Many for that Purpofe, and confequently the only Per-
fons that can fet us Right in vur Koiians of thofe
People fo remote from., hs, and fo different in all
^fpeEis,. ^Having: pr^mis'd thefe few Lines
tont>hing the Tranflatiotl^ fome Qbfervations concern-
ing the Original, made by the French Eaitor (hall
h added, in regard they ferve to clear fome Diffi^
fultfes which may occur in the Letters and^MHe known
Jsver^f Particulars that may he acceptable^
»/,
^hat famt
'ely omit-
IS of the
feculiarly
9ould 4>nly
acceptable
d are alfo
Religions
ie Mijfion"
fhe End of
00 much of
^d of Reli-
are def^r^d
ConneElion^
:h curforily
/, there is,
, as to the
^if of the
s of thofe
luages and
With mdny
wovgh can
fe Letters
are among
from the
\ofen out of
le only Per-
s of thofe
mt in aU
?Ji» Lines
fs concern-
'ditor (hali
Jme Diffi'
due known
le.
The PREFACE.
Wt^9 Letters from Carnatc it appears tLt fU»'
M.jfloners in that new MifTion anki^'J V
rhrougho.. indl,, mufl conLalfyftZ tlnteZ
Guard agatnfi the Jeatoufy conceived of f heir be Z
-Hmd, mkch, ,n the Ofinim of thpCe People rooJl
l^c«„r^ ,0 M ,he Rules of DeencfZ' foUtt
»/i; keep, conmual Fajl, eating t„7 o„Me1,l I
Bread, »0w, Flefil, Eggs a«d Fijh, n>hich are Z
&!d'rt "t ^"'^ *f '^ "f"''' " /"*""■' ' that
r-gulLtfe, thetr Zeal mnld haveprov'd IneffiaZ '
and ,hey,oM„ot have ConverL f. t^Sh^l
illua/fy dine- fiveral Brachmans, and above One
InLt"' "^ ■^'"'"' " '""f'hend, ithence the
inaians came to conceive fach an invinciHe Aver,
fton for Europeans. Some Per/ons v>ho wterefi
^rvrr '*'/T/"' X^''^-'" '■» '"dia have
defird toMiHferm'd ,n that ^air, and it U »
•"3 , jartiiHlaf
i
¥
The P R E F A C E.
partkuUr Tleafure to me to givt thtm that Sa^
tisfdlion, which will be of Vfe for the better under-
jl4nding of the Genius and Manners of the Indian
Nation,
To this Purpofe there are Two Things to be fremiid.
The firfi w, that the Indians are divided into fe-
deral Clafbs^ which the Portuguefcs caS Caftas,
that is, Racesy or Tribes, There are Three of them which
are the Chiefs the Race of the Brachmaos, which
is the frime Nobility ^ that of the Kchatrys, or
Rajas, *infwerable to our Gentry^ or Inferior Nobi"
lity in Europe, and that of the Choutrcs, that is
the Commonalty.
Bepdes thefe Three Races^ which are very exten*
five, there is a Fourth call'd the Race of the Farias,
being the meane(i of the Multitude, This is hok'd
upon by all the others as an infamous Race^ with
which there is no having any Communication without*
forfeiting a Man's Honour, They have fo horrid a
Notion of thi Farias, as to reckon whatfeever one
cf them touches defifd and unfit to be put to any
ufe -.f they always talk to them at a Diftance ; they
are not permitted to live in the TownSj but muji
hep abroad^ and build their Villages as remote as is
appointed.
Each of thofe principal Riices is divided into o-
thers fubordinate to it^ and feme nobler than others.
The Race of //>ff Chonters comprifes the greatefi
Number of thofe fubaltern Races \ for under the
Name of Choutres are comprehended the Races 0/
Merchants^ Husbandmen, Goldfmiths^ Carpenters^
Mafons, fainter s. Weaver s^ &c. Every Trade is
confined to one Race^ and none can T6ork at it but
fuch as are of that Race ^ fo that a. Carpenter would
be fever ely punijh'd jhpuld he meddle with the u'oid-
fmiths Trade, However there, ar^ feme Profeffions
to which every Mm indifferently map apply. Umfelf
' .. .. <■. of
thMt Sa^
er under'
f Indian
fremiid.
! into ft"
1 Caftas,
hem which
IS, Tphich
atrys, or
tor Nehi"
S, thut is
ry exten*
'» Parias,
is looked
'4re, vfith
'» without-*
horrid s
Itever one
Ht to any
we'j they
but muft
^ott as is
i into 0'
tn others.
t greatefi
mder the
Races of
'arpenterSf
Trade is
at it hut
ier would
the u'oid"
ProfeJJions
I himfflf
The P R E F A C E.
•/ what Race foever he be amon^ the Choutrcs, as
for Jnfiance^ thofe of a Merchant^ Soldier and Huf-
bondman ^ but there are other s^ which infinitely de*
hafe fuch as follow them^ as for Example^ in fevt"
ral Parts of India they reckon Fijhermen^ Shepherds^
Shoe-mahrs, and generally all that work in Leather
no better than Parias.
The fecond Thing to be premised is, that art In-
dian cannot^ without degrading himfelf eat with one
of an inferior Race ,han his own, nor any thing that
has been drefs*d by one of fuch a Race, Thus it mufi
be a Brachmin and not a Choutre, that dreffes
Meat for another Brachman.
The fame is oh fervid in Marriages, fo that none
can contraSi out of their own Race. j4ny Man that
Should Marry into an inferior Race would be dif-
graced for ever^ look'd upon as infamous^ and exveU'd
iju own Racf*
■ Jin Jhort^ it is impojfible to exprefs, what an eX"
travagdnt Conceit the BraChmans have of their No-
bility, what 4 Value they have for their Cufiomsi
and in what Contempt rhey hold the Laws and
of other Nations,
By this it is eafy tc dicover whence thii \ "
have conceived fuch a Horror for Europeans,
it is impojfible ever to correR in them. When ►.,
Portuguele? came firfi into India, they ohferv'd
none of the Cufioms of the Country, they made na
DiflinElion of Races, they conversV indiferentlywith
the Parias, they even took them into their Service^
and from that Time the Contempt the Indians had
for the Parhs, communicated it fdfto ribe Porcu*
^ucfcs^ and has continued ever fince.
Tho* the other Europeans were not tgrtorant of
the Ntcenefs of the Indians in that Particular, yet
they regaded it no mor^ than the Protuguefes ', they
have always liv^d in India as they do in Frnncc^,
A 4 England
The P R E F A C E.
Englaml 4//^ Holland, without .confining or aftfiff
tkemfelves to the Cuftoms of that N^tiot To {hi
n^X Pf' fddid :ho Lihtrjy praah'd by m^ny of
thm, tl^tr Exc^fs m the uje of Wine And their f J-
i«iW W4y oftrc'Jing the' Minifters of their Reti.
gton-, alLthefe Things haV9 had ft fat /nfiw
e»ce vton 4 Feofle who a^e naturally foher ard fiay'd
and who pay the moft profound Refpe^ to thof, who
^re their DoElors and InfiruEiors. This it if that hoi
gjverj the Indians, that extraordinary Aver-^
^T •/?':^"':°Peans, fo often viention'd in the Letters
'l%fM*'^;:\rt>rite from India, and particuUrly
thefe here ofer'd to the Puhlick. ^
. ^s for the Letters from China, it appears by
rZ ^i^-^^.^^^ftia^^yy?'// advances there^ana the
i^injrc Mcrfpttons written with the Emperors own
Hand and given the ['^fuits at Peking to he ftt w
tn their New Church, which are hert infer ted and
tranflatedy are a convincing Icjlimo^y of the foad
Qpwton that Prince has of tki Ciiriftian ReLcn
aKd of the Proteaion he affords it, • '
the CurioHs will donhtlefs he pleas' d. t^o read the
Letter Jrom F. Jartoux, containing an exaU Vefcrip^
tion of f^r Gin-feng, a Plant Jo famous throuohoui
the Empire <>/ China, and hitherto unknown in Eu-
rope, The Plant is drawn to the Life and the Ac
eount of tt isfo particular, that every Man may
permiy underhand it's Qualities and Vfe. '
Tie Extras of a SpaniOi Relation, Printed ai
Lima, tn 1704, and Reprinted at Madrid in 171 1
acauaints tu with a Country hitherto unknown, iml
Which f. Baraza firfl conveyed the Light 'of.t'^e Gof-
pel, bringing together and civilii^ing an infinite mm-*
brr of Barbarians, who liv'd difpers'd, lifie Wild
£eajts tn the Woods and Mountains -, bHiidiftg Jeve-
^^jfrg^X^^n^i and Baptifng above Forty ThoUfand
The P R E F A C E.
Lt ^'^Tf ^"'T"^ f'"" Canada ,. Kudfoi's
Bay, v.,h (.„, Ac»Hn, ./ th^t Country, W ^«
lajf may b, the mrre Mecuahit at ihU Timi ^
»r th. Kwg >f France /» th. Com »/ EngUad.
towr of the mmis of the Archipelago, mt % /s
freauemed iy our M.r.,,a»t. ortrfvae,. W ',
v,k,ch we Are cor,fe<,utmly mter Str»r,g,ru
THE
I! f?
^ i*
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tiiUv'.
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i-jt
A1
■,^Cn '-i
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mxK
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T -Wl 1i* 5iUs.
:^vl
**TT/ ,V
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•^■iJ --s A '■^■: : ■ ..,
It
Iff
1 ^vSM
■■a ■:.:
-'".iQ'UW.
;A
iiodih ••
T H E
.J .. j
.! V
I* ^999S LETTER from Father J?a«irW to
'MwM ^^^ Biftop of Anranckeu concer-
. iflW^gfe ning the Knowledge the Jndidns
have had of the True Religion, the Truth
,:whereof they have corrupted with Fables^
r- a
-C ; U
p^.
II. A tetter from the fame F. BouchiT t6 F.
.-ff4/f», concerning the Oracles deliver'd by
the Devil inlndia^ and the Silencing oftholc
' Oracles in thofe Countries, where Chriftianky
gains footing. p, 27
III. The firft Letter from F. M4rPi» to F. rU-
Utte^ containing many Particular* of the Coua-
ttj of Marav4, ziit>ii\ w^fim^H io >• 54.
The C N T EN T S. *w*!r«
K
^.ii "V
::■-.. -:i
IV. The fecond Letter from the faid F. Jllari
tin to F. riilctte,on the ftme3uy^. , ^^^^
y. A Letter from F. 4e la Lane to F. Mowtrues,
containing the Extent of the iMiflion oi Car-
nate, the fervile Condition of the Indians -,
their Averfion to Europeans j their Religion,
the Original of Idolatry- among them -, their
Morality, the Irifluerice* Judiciary Aftrolo-
gy has over them; the Learning of the
Brachmans \ their Notion of the Contrivance
of the World ; their Knowledge in Arith-
inatick and -Aftrpnomy v and their Syfteme
of the Heavens, and the Motions of the Pla-
nets* ... ; . .. . ^ r ^ -^> loi,
VI. Extrad of a Letter from the fame F. de la
Lane^ concerning the Nature of the Soil of
Carnate and it'sProdudli the principal Fruits
cgrovjring therfe^ extravagant ; Nicenefs of the:
- Indians \ Learning of the Brachmans, anditBe
Value they put upon their Books; Mi^Mw
.-■---».■ . . '■.•''•'■-, ' • .-, J ■■ '■
.*•••- ■' ' * " - ■ . ■. •■ ' .• .i J , t., I
VII. A Letter from F. Martin, to F. de Fillettey
. .containing the pfefent State of Chrifiianity m
the Kingdom of Marava j the Race, or Tribe
.of Robbers •, a cruel add barbaroit^ Cuftomi
vamong thofe People :; their Revolt againft
t their Prince i and the Diforders theyi occa-
"iion in the Country. .. j .lub li r p. 125
yilL A Letter from F. Santiago to F. Emanuel
'\Saray^ concerning; the, building of a Nev;.
Church in the Kingdom of Cagonti^ an Infur-
reaion of Heathen Pricfts againft the Miffio-
«er, &c. . *. 133.
iX
n-
The CONTENTS.
IK. AHjetter froiii % shpheii te dui tCi F. CW-
^UsiJhiitu, aboDt a Perfecution rais'd at chin-
'>'' haka/Uram f ia I»Mai ^ „ - ^ ., p. 14.0.
.I*..: I .^ ~' " .! . '
^V,;^ Letter from F. P^ph to F. le pobien, of
'^^the^rts and PJTyfick of the Mians. p, 147.
ilowiiJ oili AT LioiiqvrA'jQ ; '^
X'litA letter fpoiri P^^Favre to R i^^r U BoefTe^
'rricbiitaimng-theo^tite of Ghrifiianity in the
^^■^hlipptne Iflands; Abbot 5iWoff's Entrance in-
:?2 ^''^.'•? ' J^/i!*> going to difcover the New
^ If^^SS.l'^f'!^**'^^'^^'* Projea for planting of
^^ thcmthU theMflands of Mcc4,J', the Situ-
10 atiottibf thdf^iflands; Religion and Manners
i ) of^ their Inhabitant^ the Arrival of the Mif-
^tv^on^rsiinthoieiflands. ;:ii j>! . p. j^.
iXll.o A:, Letter «fom F; ' .i' £«fWrdi?« to the F
<: Frojpura tor General of the Miflibns of /»^ii
a:nd Chma, of th; Troubles which happen'd
:^n m^UeEmi>€rm(ifm^^^ Artifices
"iL'«g.d:.by the faid Emperor's , lEldfeft son to
; i^cftroy the Hereditary Prinze s that Prince
f«ftor?d to Favour, and the Eldeft Son pu-
. siiillid; the EmpeVorV Sicknefsi heis cuVd
byF.i?Wir/., ^^
iXIH. Expofition of a m^fi Inkiiption givea
, by the Emperor to the Jefrnts, to be fet up
. ,,W their..New Church in Pekw^, p, 174.
XlVi^A Letter from F. ChAvagtiac to F. le
; iGc^MT, concerning tne Zeal of the Chimfe
'Chrijitans^ and the Obftacles tiiat occur in
Converting of the Idolaters. p. 1-77.
TS.
\m^$^y^^Cha'
Ti*n.
I
aW'^VuW 36- (.rnvvV 'j.lJ 'lo Ja!?m5iJl:.?, orfl ^o
te«ir'\ 'Jill ^i^;v\w'i Cib dii'A 7GV/*iio:h ^^^''^
di'j io Jiiwu^iiA p ^'AiTO'iV 'V> 'ir'.;slnoM Tib
orii c ^o^^BVit:: S7il£>l 3fii io itrioihO hnR
e3i .^uiaidfidiil gnoiiEld Inaval In 'jUr.inVO
ill (/ij L"5bl'ji'{ jsSwS^ft?, iwSwirxii ^si.
■./'-. 3 mcnl -is;
THE
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A
' / -«4l
„
LETTER
FROM
KBOiJCHEZ
t>f the Society piJESVS, Miffionef Jj
M«(/«re, and Superior of" the New Mifliori
of Curntite, ^^■
T O T H E
Lord Bifliop of Aiirmchet^
My LbRD, ,
- •' '^ . • »- ^ , ,
H E Labours of an Apof^o-
lical Perfon in India are fo
great, and fo continual, that
the Care of preaching the
Name of Jesus Christ
to the Idolaters, and of im-
proving the new Converts,
i.:_„. ... - /eem to be more than fuffi-
vicflt siHjreiy to pafee up a Mirioner. In fliort, at
to
fome Times of the Year they have fcarce Time t6
live, much lefs to apply themfelve.s.xo Stu,dy, atvi
* i ikli^oher IS bfteft Hlig*4 to borrow frOm hi^
Reft at Night, a^ much '^'ime as is requifjt^ for
Prayer ahd- the otheV 15)uties of fe Pirofeflloi?.
PraSlces HowCver, at foine other Seaipns, and even
of Mij^- fome H,6urs of the X)ay, we find Leifure enough,
^'^ to rcfreifh us from our Toils by ibme fort
of Study. It is then our Care to make even our.
Diverfion advantageous to our holy Religion.
To that Purpofe we then improve ourfelves in
thof» Sciences, which are known among the Ido-
laters, in whofe Converfion we are labouring,
and we make it our Bufinefs to difcover, even
amobg their Errors, fomething that may con-
vince them of the Truth we come to make known
to them.
Indian During that Time, whilft the Duties of my
Idoiatryy Miniftry haveallOW'd me fome Leifure , I have,
aCormp' ^^ £^^ ^^ j j^^^^ ^^^^^ ^bje^ je^ inyfelf into the Sy-
thSaip-^^^ of Religion receiv'd among,, the Indians.
tun. What I'propolt in' this Letter, is pnly to lay be-
fore your Lordfhip-, and to put together fome
Conjedures, which, I am of Opinion, you may
think worthy your' Observation: They all tend
to prove, that the Indians have taken their Reli-
gion from the Books of Mofes and the Prophets ;
that all the Fables their Books are fiU'd with, do
not fo much difguife the Truth but that it ma)
ftiil be known; and to conclude, that befides
the Religion of the Hl?Areiu Nation, which they
learnt, at leaft in Part, by their Commerce with
the yeivs atid' ElypiiariSy there appear among them
plain Footfteps of the Chriftian Religion, preach-
ed to them by St. Thomas y the Apoftle, Pantanmy
and other great Men, ever iince the firft Ages of '
the Church.
I have
■ '. V" ;
' I have ttiade ho-f^eAion of your Ldrdfliip*s;ec/?f<'-
allowing of the Liberty I take in fending you tiom of
this Letter, it being my Opinion, that'fuch^^/J*.
Refleaions as may be of Ufe for confirming ahd^,„.;f '
defending of our Holy Religion,; ought of Coutfe
to be prefented to you. Th'eyyrjll touch you
more than any other, after deihoftftrating, asyoa
have done, the Truth of ouf Faith, by the mo^
extenfive Erudition, and the exadiefl: Kidwffidge
in Antiquity, both Sacred and Profari^. '
I remember, my Lord, I have re^df,' Ift' ypiir
learned Book of Evangelical Demonftratibn, that
the Dodrine of Mofes had penetrated as far as
India; and your lingular Care in obferving,what-
foever may be found favourable to Religon ii;
Authors, has anticipated fome of thofe Things .
1 might have had occafion to mention to you. t
Will therefore only add, what I have difcovir^d"
that is New,; upon the Spot, by reading of th^
moft ancient Bdoks of the Indu ns, and l)y!;riie
Conv€rfation I have had with the moft learned
Men of the Country.
It is moft certain, my Lord, that the getiera- i^o Indi-
lity of the Indians are no way tainted with the ans Jthe*
Abfurdities of Atheifm. They have exaft 1^6- ^^'*
tions enough of the Deity, tho* difguis'd ^nd
corrupted by the Worfhip of Idols. Th^y^i:^ Their No^
knowledge on^ God infinitely 'perfeft, ^k^6 has tio-a of
been from all Eternity, and in whom are the moft ^°^*
excellent Attributes. Thus far nothing caii "be
better, or more conformable to the Belief of
God's People, in Relation to the Deity' Here
follows what Idolatry has upfortunately added :
Mod of the Indians affirm, that the gteatP/,5>^'*^
Number of Deities they at ptefent worjfhip, are ^^!fj*i%
fio other than fubaltern Gods, • and fuhje'd jto thi
Sovereign Bcinei. who is ediikllv Lbici^ ot the
Cods and of ^len. That gr^^t Codi t^K^* fiy;
1" i
is infinitely exalted above all other Beings and
that infinite Diftance is wh^ hinders his having
any Communication with frail Creatures. For
what Proportion can there be, add they, be-
tween a Being infinitely perfeft and created Be-
ings,, full, as we are oP Imperfections and Frail -^
tics. For that Reafon it was, according to themi
that Paravaravafiouy that is, the Supreme God,
created three 6ther inferior Gods, viz. Brama^
Vichnou and Routren. To the Firft, he has given
ehc Power of Creating ; to the Secohd, that of
Prcfcrving i and to the Third, that of Deftroy-
in^
But thefe three Gods, ador'd hy the Indians ^
are, in the Opinion of their Learned Men, the
Sons of a Woman they call Parachattiy that i$,
the Sovereign Power. If this Fable were reduc'd
to its Original, it were eaiy therein to difcovef
the Truth, tho* fo much diiguis*d by the ridicu-
lous Notions added by the Spirit of f alfehood.
The firft Indians would not fay any thing, but
that whatfoever is done in the World, either by
Creation, which they affign to Bmma ; or in
Prefervation, which is the Part of Vtchmw, or-
in the feveral Revolutions, which are the Work
of Romren ; proceeds only from the abfolute
Power of Paravaravaflouy or the Supreme God.
Thofe Carnal Wits have fince made a Woman of
their Parachattiy and given her three Sons, which
arc no other than the principal Effeds of Omni-
potency ,• for, in fhort, Chatti, in the Indian Lan-
guage fignifies Power ; and Para, Supreme or
Abfolute.
j^rwerly This Notion the Indians have of a Being in-
worjbif'd finitely fuperior to the other Deities, denotes that
0H$ God. their Forefathers really worfhipp'd but one God,
and t)|at Polytheifmy or the Plurality of Deities,
was brought in among" them after the fame man-r
iicr as it was into all Idolatrou5^ Countries. t
tion of
them.
k:«. 1 J'^*'.^'^^^"'^' "*y ^^f^' fh« this firft
Knowledge is a very evident Proof of the Com-
munication between the Indians and the Ezn-
ttans, or the Jews. I am fenfible, that without
any fuchHeIp,the Author of Nature has ingraft-
ed this fundamental Truth in the Minds of all
Men, and that it is only alter d in them through
the Corruption and Depravednefs of theirHearts.
^or the fame Reafon I forbear giving you a-iy
Account of what the Indians have thought con-,
cerning the Immortality of our Souls, and feve-
ral other fuch like Tr«ths
^^ However, I believe you will not be difpleas'd ^^/m-
to know, after what manner6Ur Indians fmd the^i?"" 4
RefembJance of Man with the Sovereign Being ;^'; '"
flLw/l^^ ^^^ ^"'^^^^- M^^^ folloVwhalE;'..-
It^r^t f '['^^W has alTur'd me he has^ In tt^tomi^d.
fcrence to that Affair, taken out of one of their
moft ancient Books Imagine, fays that Author'
a MiUion of large Veflels all fulf of Water, on
which the Sun cails the Rays of his Light. That
^^^^T^^ thp'bitone, infSmeman.
f Ir^!. ^^'' ^"^ ^"^^ reprefents himfelf in
a Jloment, m each of thofe f elfels ; an Image
of him extremely like is feen in each of them
W ,-c ^"1 p ""u, '^^^'r X<^^^1« f»" of Water ,- the
Sun is the Emblem of the Sovereign Being, and"
^JT^7^ '^^ ^"" reprefentfd in elch of
«.^LYf^ '* naturally enough lays before us
©ur Souls created to the likencfs of God.
1 will go on, my Lord, to fome Sketches bet-
J^'"f^''^^i!^"'^"'^'"TP'°^^'^^^g^'veSatisfaft^^^^ ^
^X.u'''''^ * Judgment as yours is. Give
S.J.?;l^''' 7 "'^'^^ T^^'"^ plainly as I have
Icamt them. ^It would be ajtogeth/r necdlcfs,
in writing to f(^lea^rned a Prel^^as youiare, to
?«w my parricuiar Kcfiedion^, ' « ' '
I
fiVii^'i i>i.j.iU'f* U
Pi
The
Creation
of Man,
En
The Indians, as I fiav*; had the; Honour to in-
form you, believp thd,v^ra?na is he, of the three
fubalfern Deities, wjio has recejv'd of the fu-
preme God the Power of Creating. According-.
\y it was :Brama that created the- Srft Man ; but
what makes for my P^rpofe, is, that Mrama form.T
edMaaoftheSli^eot thelEart^; then juft cre-
ated.; It is true, he found fome difficulty in
S?fflfW ^^? Work ^ he went about it feveral
£mcs: ^nd did t|9t hit it till the third. The
Fable h^s added tjiis lail Circumfta'nce to thq
7^ J > ^"^ it is no wonder, that a God of th^
... • i«fcon(J Rank ihould iiand in needof an A pren-
■ tilhi|> to Team to i^akis.a Man with that perfect
'' '• ?^S?fP^^ ^^ ^^ Ws Farts] as we fee him BuJ
- }ri {f^f «^ ^4<^^ to that v/hi<?^ Nature, and
;,.,v,i,a,jn ai//robabihty tlielntercourfe with ,the7ewic
T^ '^^ ^1^^ ^^^^' concerning the Vinty of Godd
they wpujd have alfo refted fa&fy'd with what
they^^d learnt by the fame meajp5|($,the Cr^i;
tion ;Or Man ; the^^ would have sq^^mo farthei?
than to fav- .ic frli<iir A/^ ^^^^^-.^^ui.' 'v_ ^i ' tt:! i
^4r§dife,
^is xs not al^/my tori l^an iieing onea
created by Brama, witl^ ;^irthaIlFr0uble I h^vo
*5 ^^"^ • ^^;? ^^'^: C^WPfe ^as tjiaKJiQre charms
ed with hlQ Cn-^f,!^^ V^^^.,r^ --^^L- J _.n 1 . r^
much
p.U9« , „
'.^"^^^ 'i^^m^mi^^^ it
F^^£,# ?anfy.^^dife, Tk^ in£m. ar|
yl^9H?:in theAecQunts t-hey gipe us of their
XTO^f -.9^. -IS a>qcor4ing. to thetn a^feardeno^
great I'lenty, T^iere^js alfo a-Tj-ee-ah^ Fhui'i:
MT/iercpf woulil C9niii: Inim6riafi^'5f it w^
-'T "£ a" ' ^l}pw'4
t 7 ]
^low'd to be eaten. It would be ftrange, tii'at
f eople who had never heard of the Terreftrial
Paradife, fhould, without knowing it, draw a
ritture fo very liUe.
. ./^ }^ ^}!p ye^y wonderful, my Lord, that the
interior Gods, who ever fince the Creation of the
World multiply 'd almoft to an ini^ni'te Number,
liad not, or u leail were not fure pf th^ Privi-
lege of Immortality, which would have been ve-
ry acceptable to them. I muft give yo^ a Story
the Indians tell to this Purpofe, f his Story, as
tabiilous as it is, has certainly no other Original,
but the Dodrine of the Jewf, and perhaps even
that of the Chriftians.
x\T^^^ ^?^^' ^^y ^^^ ^n^inns^ try d all Sorts^of
Ways and Mfeans to obtain ImiAortality, Aft^-r
much Search, they bethought th'ehifel ves to havfi
r^cburfe to the free of Life, whiih was in the
Chondm. That' Expedient fiicceede^, and by
catmg from Time to Time pf the Fruit pf that
Tree, they feciir*d to themselves the precious
Treafure, which it fo much; concerns them not , , ,,
to^ lofe. A famods Sernenc, ckllM Cheien, pcr^m^^
ceiv d thatthe Tree of Life [ad been difcovVd/Z^rtj
by the Gods of the fecond Rahl^: The keeping Tree of
of that Tree havingin'all likelihood been com- ^V^^-
mitted to his Charge, he was fo ehrag'dat the
Trick put upori him, that' he fcatter'd a great
Quantity of Poifoti over the Plain. All the
Eatth felt the Effeas of it, ahd no Man'was to
efcape the Infe^ion of that mortal Poifon : but
the God Chiven took Pity or^ Hiimap Nature -h*
appear'd in the Shape of Ma^n'i arid ndttin/Ke^
fitating, fwall6w d all that Poifon, wHerewith
the malicious Serpent had infeded the dm-
verfe.
Xou fee, my: Lord, thit Tiimgs' clear up' by
Degrees the farther we ^dvkii^^. Bi pleasM to
B
Uilen
[83
liften to Attothcr Fable I am going to tell you;
for I ftould certainly impofe on you, did I go
aljout to tell you any thing more ferious. You
'vill find no Difficulty in difcovering the jaiftory
Of* the Flood> and the principal Circumftancei
the Scripture relates. .
ftit The Godi RoutYeUy who is the great Deftroyer
\lwL of the created Beings, refolv'd one Day to drowfl
an Mankind, pretending he had juft Caufe to be
diA)leas'd with them- His D-fign could not be
fo fecret, but that Vichmii^ the Prcf'^rver of Crea-
tures, was fenfible of it. You will perceive, my
■ Lord, that they were conliderably obKg'd to him,
iipon this Gccafion. He difcover'd the very fiay
precifely on which the Deluge was to happen.
Hi$ Power ^id not evtend fo far as to put a Stqp
to the Execution of t' ,e God Ro^^^rens Projeds ;
but at the fame Time his Qualification of God
the Preferver of Things created, impower*d him
to prevent, if it were poiTible, the moft perni-
cious Effed, and thus he went about it. * '
Noah 8. He appeared one Day to Satti'avart:, his great
fbeJrk. Confident, and warn'd him that there would
- ihortly be an univerfal De^ige, that the Earth
would be drowned, and that Routren defign A
no lefs than to deflroy all Men and B afts. How-
ever he alTurUhim, }ie had nothing to fear for
hjmfelf, and that ^ndefpight of Routren h? would'
find ^|ean^ to fave him, and to manage it fo a&
the World tiwcltl be peonlf d again. His Defign
was, to pvo'liive a wo.iderful JBark, at the Time
when Routren leaft thought of it, and to fhut up
in it a good Stock of at leaft eight Hun C -6. and
forty Millions of Souls and Seeds of Beings. It
was atfo requifite, that Sattiavani, at the^Tim^
of the Deluge, fhould be on a, very high Moun-
tain. •wrhirK hf moA ♦.it-« r«,^r<:»1 /^^ ^_ i-_
ikP9wn to hm,\^im^T^m^^h^xSmiavartiy aa
tell yous
did I go
us. You
: lliftory
milances
)eftroyer
:o drowit
ufe to be
d not be
of Crea-
tive, my
1 to him,
i^ery.t)ay
Jiappen.
Jt a Stop
Projeds ;
of God
er'dhim
[I jjerni^
bis great
£ would
le Earth
defign'A
J. How-
fear for
? would'
it fo a&
5 Defigii
le Time
» fhut up
•ed ana
ngs. It
e Time
Moun-
o. in;aKC
artij as
. l?ad,
l9l
)iad been foretold to him, fpy'd an infinite Num-
ber of Clouds gathering. He obferv'd, withoi^i
any Commotion, the Storm threatning over the
Heads of guilty Mortals ; the moft dreadful Rain
that had ever been feen fell from Heaven ; the
Rivers fwell'd, and ipread themfelves with much
Rapidity over the Face of the Earth j; the Sea
broke put beyond its Bounds, and mixing with
the overflown Rivers, in a Ihort Time eover'd
the higheil Mountains ,• Trees, Beafts, :^en, C'l-^
tits and Kingdoms, were all drowned ; all ani-
mated Beings p'erijph'd and were deftroy'd.
> ^ Jij the meiao Time Suttiavarti, with fome of
his Penitents , had withdraw^ {limfelf to his
Mountain. There he expeded the Relief pror
mis'd him by the God j nor was he without
fpme Moments' of Bread. The Water, which
continually grew more po\ycrful, and infeniibly
drew near his Retreat, every ndw and then put
{^im into terrible Frights; but <u the very ^o^
ment, when he gave himfelf over for loft, he
faw the Bark appear, which was to fave him^
He entei:*d it immediately with his devout Fol-
lowers. - The eight Hundred and forty Millions
of Souls and Seeds of Beings were ihut up ther^
4^. before. .■ '-..■^..^•^ \- ' ' " v ■ ". ';'„
: The Difficulty confifted in fteering the Barti
and keeping it up againft the ImpetuoufneiscJ
the Waves, which were then in a hirious Agitar-
tion. . ■ •' . ■ . • ■■"' ..
The God Vichnou took Care to provide for it ^
he imfnediately cpnverted himfelf into a Fifli^
and made ufe of his Tail inftead of a Rudder to
fteer the VeifeL The God, who was at the fan^^
Time Fiih and Pilot, managed fo dexterbul^y,
that Sattiavani, wajted at his Eaf^ for the Wa^
ter to drain oit theiiarth.
#
tl
^1
4
I
[10]
'fYou Ccc, my Lord, the* Matter is plain, and
it requires no great Penetriition, to difcover in
this Relation, intermix'd with Fables and the
moft extravagant Fancies, what Holy Writ tells
us of the Flood, of the Ark, and of the Prefcr-
vation of Noah and his Family.
Abra- Our Indians go farther yet , and after reprc-
B^Tmf ^^"^^"g ^'''^> ""^^1* the Name of SatHavarti,
the fame, V^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ appropriated to Brama the
moft (ingular Adventures of Abrahams Life.
Here follow fome Sketches, which feem to me to
have a very great Rcfemblance with them.
^ The Similitude of the Names might at firft
u^^^S"^^"^ ^^ Conjedures. It is plain that
the Difference between Brama and Abraham is
not greats and it might be wifli*d, that our Men
learned in Etymologies, had not made ufe of
others lefs agreable to Reafon, and mdre
itramdt ;,i>u v .
Sorafva- This Br am a^ whofe Name is fo like that of
^ythe Abraham, was marry 'd to a Woman, whom all
■the Indmns call Sar^vadi. You may jtidge, my
Lord, what Weight this Name adds to this Con^
•jefture. The two laft Syllaijies of the Word ^^-
n^vadim thQ Indian Language, are an honour-^
a,ble Termination ; fo that Vadi anfwers iitly^
.mou^h to our word Madam. This Termina-
^2-^^/?"*^^ ^" ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^^y^^^^ Women of
-Biftiftdion; as for Inftance, in that of Parvadi,
WifQ xoRoutren. Thus it is evident, that the
two firft Syllables of the Word Sarafuadi, which
arc properly the whole Name of Brama sV/ik,
^re reduc'd to Sara, which is the Name of Abra-
^m s Wife.
«.n-.Rr, '^ Kdweverthere isftill fomething more peculiar:
porn^tz- ^rama, among the Indians, like Abraham ^mnr^o-
Abra. ^^^ JS^^y has been the Father of feveral diffe-
bam. . m^ §ace5, or Tribes. Thofe two Nations
^*- agree
^MK as
Sarah,
Trths
Iain, and
ifcover in
: and the
Writ tells
le Prefcr-
er repre-
\tiia%'artit
hama the
ms Life,
to me to
;m.
It at firft
Iain that
iraham is
our Men
ie ufe of
td mdre
that of
A^hom all
Ige, my
his Con-
cord Sa-
honoiir-j^
rers iitly^
'ermina-*
'^ome.i of
Parvadi,
that the
/, which
IS Wife,
of Aka-'
pecuh'ar:
f amotiff
al diffe-
Nations
agree
»'■
jagree alfo |?xallly in the Number of thofe Tribcf.
At I'kherapali, where at this Time is the mofl:
famous Temple of India , a Feltival is kept
yearly, on which a venerable old Man, carries
twelve CJiildren before him, which, as the /»-
dians Cay, rcprefent the twelve Heads of the
principal Races. It is true, fome Doftojs arc
of Opinion, that the ftid old Man in that Cere- •
mbny repi;efents Vkhnou ; but that is not the ge-
neral Opinion of the Learned; or of the Multi- ^
tude, who commonly fay, that £r^(»;/3f is Head t. •
of all the Tribes.
Be that as it will, I do npt think ^ neceifary
|hat all Things Ihoiild exa(3;Jy anfwer one another*
in order to difcover the Doftrine of the ancient
J^ebrews in that of the Indians 5 for tbeije oftea
divide among feveral P^-fons, what the Scrip-
ture relates of only one, or elfe appropriate to
one, what the Scripture a$gns to ma;ny.; but
this Difference, in jny Opinion, ougjjit ra,ther to
ferve to fupport, than to overturh oujc Con-
je(aures ; and I believe that; too precife a iikfeia- *
fplance wdui4 only make them li^le to Sufpir
cion.
: Suppoflng: what has beeAfaid, I will ptace^d*
my Lord, in the Relation of what the Midm
have bortow*d from the Hiftory of Abraham,
whether they attribute it to Brama, or apply it
to Honour fome other pf their Gods > pr oi
their IjEerpQs. : :>
. The Indians reverence the Memory of pne oiP4rallef
their Penitents, who, like the Patriarjch -4^/5fr o/.'*'^^
ham, went about to facrifice his Son tQ. qne of t'/^*^
t^he Gods of their Country, That God had de-^**^
manded that Vit^im of him -, but was fatisfy'd
with the Father's good Wiil> and would not per??
mit him to put it in Execution. There" are
fome , neverthelefs , who iay the Child was
put
■«i
J "'
ft
ii
I
Miteet^
|ntjo Death . but the God refior'd hift t<J
S^Vi.-' r> ' '''"'= ™« with a Ciiftom. among one of the
*«.«. Races, of /„^,«, which has furpris'd me it is
that they callthe Race of Robbers. Do!/ot be'
Hew, my Lord, that, becaufe thJre is amon?
there People a whole Tribe of Robbe s, there!
Zf.r f *"■'* '"'° °'"' particular Bodyf and
that they have a peculiar Privilege of Robbine
«xclu&e to all others. Hereby is^ohly to be u^!
derftood, that all the MiaJof theVaid Raci
•. do aauallx rob; without any Remorfe,. but the
K&"' '''' *'^ -' *^ -'y P-Ple t«-
' ha^^hWntt "'^"•')-^ °^.'^^ P<»"°«' which I
have thought requiiite, 1 return to my Story
T r "''*" Notice, that among tWfa'5
Tribe, they obferve the Ceremony of Circnrn?
W nL ,"%" u ""' I?«'-%m"'' in their Infancv ;
and not till about the Age of twenty Years '
Men of the Race receive it. That Cuftom is
rhJ^K^?-"'' ^"'^ " " ^''"^ ?° '^^'■•^o^" whenci
to fdtlatrj: """""^ "^'"P'' altogether devoted
_ Your Lopdftip has ften the Hiftory of trie
^^J"i°{^'"'^' '" «'*»»» and j'««;«^«„,-.
*■' ^1. ■*^f"?<^'°"'«,y°" alfo, to fee that of
,T^:^ci . ^^^ nT <^<"*'' and I am fully per-
> ■ the othm" - '''"' '^"*'*"°" ^" " f^"" ^^
S..- than the- /W«„ k,A«o« metamor-hos'd into
CM^n ; for in the firft Place Chrich„en, in the
^to denote,that Chxiohnen came from a Country,
' ^ •" where
Circuni'
(ifion
iicn iCTves
^here the Inhabitants are black. The Indians
add, that one of Chrkhnen*s nearcft '^elations
was expos d in his Infancy, in a little Cradle, oa .
a great River, where he was in evident Dangei:
of penfting He was taken up, and being a
very beautiful Child , was carry'd to a great
Princefs, who caus'd him to be carefully brought
up, and afterwards provided for his Educa-
tion,
I know not why the Indians chofe rather to
aj^ply this Accident to one of Chrichnen's Rela-
tions, than to Chrichnen himfelf What ftall wc
do in this Cafe, my Lord 1 1 muft tell you Things
as they really are , nor will I go about to dif-
guile the Truth, to make the greater Refem- '
.^L ^^,^^^^n ^he Adventures. Thus it was
not Chrtchnen, \SMt one of his Relations, that
was bred up m the Palace of a great Princefs.
In this Point, the Comparifon with Mofes is de-
Kat DTfea. '^"^"^ "^^^ "^^^^ ^^-^ ^--'^^-
As foon as Chrichnen\izs born, he was alfo ex- Chrich-
pos d on a great River, to deliver him from the n^n ex-
Kings Indignation, who watch'd the Moment ^''n-'"
of his Birth to put him to death. The River re- "" ^'"^'
fpeftfully open'd both Ways, and would not per-
mit Its Water to offend that precious Charge.
The Infant was taken from that dangerous Plafe,
and brfed up by Shepherds. He afterwards mar-
ked the Daughters of the Shepherds, and for a
long Time kept the Flocks belonging to his Fa-
thersmLaw. He foon fignaliz'd himfelf, among .
cu r J^^" did he perform Wonders in Behalf
of his Flocks, and ofthofe that kept them. He
new the King, who had made cruel V/ar upon
them. He was purfn d by his Enemies, and not
Deingin a Cond'f'Qn f^ w*-^'''^''"'^ *' — ^ •
tir'd
I'-,,^
tH3
the Sea tir'd to the Sea, which openM a Way for him td
£' ^''l!f ^^^^^/>"gh the midft of it, and then fwallow'd
thofe that purfu d him. Thus it was he efcap'd
the Torments prepared for him.
After this, who can queftion, but that the /«-
^ans had fome Knowledge of Mofes, under the
isame of Vichnmy metamorphos'd into Chrkh^
nen ; but they have added to the Knowledge of
that famous Leader of God*s People, that of fe-
veral Cuftoms, which he has defcrib'd in his
u °J^J./"^ ^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ws he eftablifh'd, and
the Obfervation whereof continued after him.
Jewifh Among thofe Cuftoms, which the Indians can
Cujloms. have had from none but the JeiLs, and which
Itill continue in the Country, I reckon their fre-
quent Bathing, their Cleanfings, an extraordi-
narjr Horror for dead Boclies, by touching of
which they believe themselves defil'd , the di-
Itinft Order, and the difference of Races, the
inviolable Law, which prohibits marrying out of
their peculiar Tribes, or Races. I fhould never
have done, did I go about to fum up all Parti-
culars. I ftick to fome Remarks, which are not
altogether fo common in the Books of the
Learned. '
I kne w a Brachman reckned of great Capacity
among the Indmns, Who told me the following
btwy, t:he Meaning whereof he did not com-
•, .. PJ^h^^^d^himfelf, as long as he continu'd in the
^Mcufice parknel s of Idolatry. The Indmm pbform a
Shicp cu^'i '' '^^"''^ ^^'^'^' ^^^^^ '^ ^^'^ ^^^ noted*
P' of all th at are perform'd in India ; in it they of-
feraShc^ep, at it they recite a Prayer, in which
the folio wmg Words are pronounced with a loud'
Voice, ] 'Vhen -miU it he that the Saviour mil be
torn ? U ^en wiH it be that the Redeemer will ap^
fear f ^
This
t »5 I
This Sacrifice of a Sheep feems to me vehr t r-_
itis to beobfervd, as to that Particular , that ''"/''«'
as the %,,. were all oblig'd to eat Part of the ^"*-
Viaun, fo the Brachmen, tho' they are not al!
Kf^t%'"^fi''"''/'?.''''>^"'^"^-«h on the
JJay of the Sacriiice of Ekiam, and oblig'd by
wtacl. they divide among themfelves.
There ;f, . |*«"'fi" «<> that Eletaejit. «f ^i,*
0«!f kt ?•? "• ^'■^f'P' f°f the. Sacrifice of
0«», by which ,t is ordain-d always to keep up
affilts at the £^,«», is oblig'd to put Wood to
Thif !;trr^ ^°'?'"S »"'! Evening, to feed it.
This nice Care anfwers exaflly enough to the
^ T»7mT" '" ^'r™;' Chap»/ver. J,
Jf-^oi on .t every Morning, the Fire fijs evTie
hwrnmg upon the Altar, it Jbatt never A mt. The
m^am have done fomething more in regard to
tl ^"m 11^:^ "* themfelves headlong into
the midft of Flames. You will think, my uX
as I do, that they would have done much bettet
m not adding this cruel Ceremony to what
cuL ""^ ^"^ ** '*>'■''* ^«'i-
The Indiana have alfo an extraordinary No- ^v,.^,
W °f2:?v""-T.-^'''^ ''^"^^^ *<""^ Cr/atures«;^;v.
have fomething Divine, and that the Sight of
them IS fortunate. Thus many worfliip Ser-
bating their Worihippers after a cruel Manner:
Had the Brazen Serpent, which AS,/" fhoWd to
the People of Gnd. an/4 ...U.Vl. I... rj L._ ,
* - ' '^ - -.» n«**t v/nA*ji iititi vi i'y only
looking
chanty
tovaii
Slaves*
Brama
Vedatn
ibehaw.
RefpB
for the
Law,
looking On It, been as cruel as the Indian livin'g
Serpents, I queftion, whether the Jews would
c^cr l^ave been tempted to worfhip it; -
In fine, my Lord, let us add the Charity the
Indians have for their Slaves. They treat them
almoft asf well as their own Children ; they take
gteat Cate to educate them well ;• they fupply
thensbountifially with all Things • they want for
nothing, either, as to CIdathing/ or Suftenance •
they matry them, and feldom fail to make them
free.^ Does not this look as ii Mofes had pre-"
fcrib*d the Precepts we read in Leviticm as to
this Point, to the Iridiansy as well as to the
yetus ? ...
What likdihoo'd is there t"heri; my Lord, that
the Indians had not formerly fome Knowledge of
the Law o£ Mofes .? What they farther add, con-
cerning their Law and their Legiflator Bramay
feems to me evidently to remove all Doubt ttiatf
might occur as to this Particular.
Brama gave the Law to Men. It is that ^-'
dam, or Book of the Law, which the Indian^
look upon as infallible. It is ; according to
tbem , the Word of God , dilated by the
Ahadam , that is , by him who cannot be
miftaken , and who effentially tells the Truth;
'l\i^Vedamy or the Law of the Indians ^ ii
divided into four Parts ^ but, according to
the Opinion of feveral learned Indians , there
was formerly a Fifth, which has been loft by
Length of Time, and could never be reco-
ver'd.
The Indians have an inconceivable Efteem for
the Law they have receiv'd from their Brama.
The profound Rf fped with which they hear it
repeated, the Choice of proper Perfons to read
It, the Preparations to be made in Order to*
lt> dnd an Hundred vc\c\ve furh CWrxy^si^*.r.^c .
are
C 17 ]
^■e perfcaiy agreable to what we Icnow of the
yews.m relation to the Holy Law, and to m.
Jes, who rcveal'd it to them.
.1,/r V I"""'!-'' "' "y ^'■'*' tliat the Refpea
that they keep it from us as a Myfterv never to
enn^^rTr ** '"c I ''='^« "^verthelefs learnt
ftnfible, that the Books of the pretended Bra-
The firft Part of the FeJam, which they call k,.«
("■'u^^vedam, treats of the firft Caufe, and of So/
the Manner how the World was created. What^'^n".
they have toli me moft Angular, in relation to?^ "'f-
ourSubjea, is, that in the Beginning there was """'•
nothing but God and the 4ter ;^ and that
God mov'd upon the Waters. It is ^afy^nongh
ChattS i^y^r' ''" "''""" ^'■^ '^
jn the third Book , which they caU Samavedam , mt'^'
there are many Precepts of Morality ; that feems%.
1 "^ ."^o anfwer the Moral Precepts fcatter'd
about m £x(i^«j. ^ "V'^'^^t
The fourth Book, which they call Adar^a^n,
^^^.« contains the diiferent Sacrifices they are^^trt. of
\nZ- ' ."? ^Qualifications requifite in the^i"i/f-
X^TT'f ""^ fanner of building the Temples. «'•
and the feveral Feftivals that are to be obferv'd!
4™I%oT^'*°r ^ """;•' ''ivining, may be a No-
tion taken from the Books of U-vitkm and
Ueuterommy.
^ In Conclufion, my Lord, that nothing m^ymsta^
be wanting to the Parallel ; as it was on the fa-jit, ^
mous Mountain of Sinai that Mofes receii^'d th'^ '^ ^°^^'
i-aw, (o was it on the renowned Mountain o?''"'*
C Maha-
houmi
i
^*ii|'
t«8]
Mahamerou, that Brama had the Vedam of the
Indians. This iN^oimtain of /«<:^m is the fame
the Greeks call'd Aferox, where they fay Bacchm
was born, and which was once the Manfion of
the Gods. The Indians to this Day fay, that
this Mountain is the Place, where the Chor'
chants, or the feveral Paradifes they own are
pIicM.
Wi|l it not be proper, rtjy Lord, that ha-
ving faid enough concerning Mofes and his
Law, we fhould ^^L^ fomething <;;oncerning
that Prophet's Sifter Miriam. If I am not
miich miftaken , her Hiftory has not been
altogether unknown to our Indians.
The Scripture tells us, th&t *Miriant, after
the miraculous pa/Ting of the Red Sea, affem-
M^rif " bled the ffraeftte Women, took mufieal Inftru-
iriam. jjpeptj^-njjci fgn ^ dancing with her Companions*
and finging the Praifes of the Almighty. Here
follows an Account nothing unlike, which the
Indians give of their famous Lakehotmi. That
Woman, as Well ^s Miriam^ Sifter to Mofes^
came out of the Sea, after a miraculous Man-
ner. 1 No fooner had fhe efcap'd the Dan-
ger, wherein fiie had like to have perifh'd, then
Ihe made a magnificent Ball, at which air the
Gods and Goddelfes datic'd to the Mufick of
Inftruments.
It would be eafy for me, my Lord, to leave
the Books of Mofes, and running over the hifto-
rical Books of Scripture to find in the Tradi-
tions of onr Indians tnow^h. to continue my Pa-
rallel J but I fear that too much Exadnefs wruld
be tirefome to you. I will reft fatisfy'd with
telling you one or two Stories more, which
have touch'd me mofta and fute beft with my
Subje(ft.
The
C 19 1
, The firft which occurs is, that the Indians
ipread abioad under the Name of ArkhandiYen.
Me was a very ancienr King of /«^,Vi , and
bating the Name, and fome few Circumftan-
ces, wiH appear, rightly taken, to be the 7o^
Of the Scripture. '^
^ '^^ ^^ ^^ ^"^ ^^y ^^ ^^^'"^ CUrcam.AxU
or Paradife of Delight. D.ye»diron the Goddhandl-
oj Olory, pre/ided in that great AfTembly. «« »'»*
Ia^ "Tf ^^^^^"5 ^ '"^f^^^y 'T'^^ong of Godsf'^' "
and Goddefe , the mofi famous Penitents had ^°^'
AnchoH ^^ ^ ^"'^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^" P""*^
After fome indifferentDifcourfcthis Queftion
was put : Whether there were a fauItlefsPrince
among Mankind ? Aimoft all the Congreea-
tion^ffirmd there was not one, but who was
rub;e« to many Vices, and Vtchowua^outven
headed that Party, but the renowned VachktH
ten was of another Opinion , and pofitivcly
toaintam d, that King Anchandiren, his Dif-
ciplci was a blamelefs Mnce. mchou-ua^momreuy
who being of an imperious Temper, cannor
endure to be contradic^bed, flew out into a ffrcat
Paflion, and afllir'd the Gods, that he would
icon make them-fenfible of that pretended per-
feft Princes Failing^; if they would forfaJie
nim.
V^'fchten accepted the Challenge, and it was ms Tri*
agreed, that he of them two who got the bet- ah.
ter, fiioiUd refign to the ot?her all the Merits of
a long Pemianee. Foot King Arkhandiren, fell
a baerifice to this Controverfy. p-khouva-mou-
*rf « put him upon ^H Tryals. He iteduc'd him
to extreme Poverty^, debriv'd him of his King-
dom, <leltroy'a the on^FSOn he had. and e^^a
tools; ^jjway his Wife CbandirandL ' , : ,
C 2 Not-
%
ffis Re-
ward,
i ao ]
Notwithftanding all thefe Misfortunes , , the
Prince perfifted in the Pradice of all Virtue,
with fuch an even Temper as the Gods them-
felves would not have fliown, who. try 'd him fo
feverely , and therefore they rewarded him ia
moft ample Manner. The Gods embrac'd him,
one after another ; even the Goddefles, compli-
mented him ; his Wife was reftor'd to him, and
his Son brought to Life agiin. Vicbouva-wou-
rrf«, according as had been agreed, yeilded up
all his Merits to Vachkhten, who made, a Pre-
fent thereof to King Arichandiren , and the con-
quer'd God, much againft his WiHj began
again a long Pennance, ^to fecure himfelf, if pof-
fible, a good Store of Merits.
The fecond Story I have to tell your Lord-
fhip, contains foraething more difmal , and
much better refembles a Paflage of the Life of
Sampforti than the Fable of Arkhandiren does
the Hiftory of JoL
The Indians affirm that their God Ramen
once undertook to conquer Ceilon, and tho' a
ion^' ^^^» ^^ thought fit to make ufe of this Strata-
gem. He rais'd an Army of Monkeys, and ap-
pointed for their General a noted Monkey,
whom they call Anouman. He caus'd his Tail
to be wrapp'd up in feyeral Pieces of Cloth,
over which great VefTels of Oyl were pour'd
out J then they fet Fire to it, and that Monkey
running through the Country, among the Corn,
the Wo6ds, the Towns and Villages, fir'd
them all. He burnt all that flood in his Way,
and reduced almofl the whole Ifland to Afhes.
After this Expedition, there could not be much
Difficulty in the Conqueft, and there was no
Need of the Power of a God to fucceed ki
Ramen
like
che teft.
I have,
f I havp,' perhaps, iufrft i too Jong upon the
•Conformiity: of the Titoamnc of the Indians ,
with thait)of X^od's Pe<rj)ic/ I fhall difcharge
my fclfby fomewhat abridging what I h;.ve
-ft 'I to adjihvjin Relativ-Ti to a fecond Point ,
'which^ I'hai?e refolv'd, a8:wdl as the firft, to
lubmit to your difc^rning Judgment and Pe-
netrataon. i will confine myfelt to forpe fliort
Refleiftiot^/ which perfuade me, that the In-
dinns, -high: iip.in the Country, h^vt had Know-
•fcdge of thciChriftian Rcl*gior. ever iince the
firft beginning of the Church,, and tHatbthey,
• as well/ as ithe: Inhabitants of. the Goaft, l^ere
•mftruaed.hy.St. thomtxsy.m^ by the firft Dif-
ciples..iDf)the Ap.oftlcs;c;r;\W\ . n rh -
V 'I wiH begin. v>'ith the confufe Notion: the Indian a
/«^w«j^ ftill retain of the adorable Trinity , ^o^'^'w ^
^hidh:;was:formerly j>reach'd to them... I have *^'' ^""
r already vgivenyoiir Lordihip an Accouttt of'"?'-
the three Priocipal Indian Gods, vi%^^B^m^y
Vichnou and Routren. Moft of the Gentils, fay,
<theyare-realJy. three diftiiid Deities, andaau- .j
• ally feparatedrj .but mmy Nianigueuls, or ihge-
' mous Memi Affirmj that thofe three Gods, dl- ^
ftmd in Appearance, are in Reality but one
God f that this God is caU'd i?rrtwirt, when be
creates, and. exercifes his own Omnipotency j
that he is eaU'd Vkhmu, when he . pjcefervts
created Beings, and gives us Tokens of his
Ooodnefs,; >nd laftly, that he takes the IsTame
of Routrim^ i^^^n he dej(lroys ToWnsi when he :
-puniftef the Wicked, and makes us feci iche Ef-.
Jiefts of hi^ laft Indignation. i.-r; .^
r?. But ar. fe\^ Years ago, a Brachmanihustx-
pounde'd hi3 Notion oC thei^bulous Trinity
I have, I lwv<;5, MAHy God and his three fev^r»l
9 I
Namesi
n
vat ion
how re-
Kamcj, whifch infwcr to his three priridpal
Attributes, much in the Nature ot thcic Tr i»t
angular Pyramids w? fee rais'd before the Gates
of fome Temples,
You are fenfibie, my Lord, that I do n6t
j:!"*«'end to tell you this Imagination of the bin
iiians aniwciS ?va<ai5r to the Truth which Chri-
ftians profefs -, but, however, h Inakcs tis fen-
iible that they once had a dearer Light, and
-that they are grovm darker, by Rekfoi of the
Difficulty which occurs in a Myfteiy fo fast
•above Man's weak Keafon, i ^ i
Their Fables come yet n^iret^in what ver
h.ih to the Myftery of the Iiicamation ; biit
°^/'t d ^^ ^^^ ™^"^ ^^^ Indians agree, that God took
SJtZ ^^^ iereral Times. They abnoft generally
'^i;lianis? agree iii attributing tbolfe Incarnations to Vich-
' muy IhefccondGod of their Trinity, and, kc-
i^riing to them, that God never took FIcflit
-but fed did it in the Quality of Saviour ^d Dc-
.l4Vfei?er of Men.
Vajhhig-- youf(pe, my Lord, lamas brief as poffibic,
like Art])- and proceed to what relaxes to our Sacraments.
tijm, -T-he Indians fay, that bathiog in' certain Rivers
>wafi:es away all Sins, and that fiicji miyifterious
^Water does not only clearife the 'Mcidy^ ;but Hk^
^pirifites the Soi^l, afr^r an admirable Manner.
'May not that be feme Remtiant of the No-
^fbn^formerly given them of holy fiafftifm.
Some- - -: Mad ^ot ita'keii Nocice of any thing allndirig
^^'^^gpf^t)k&ho\Y Eutharifls, -but la cofl verted Brack--
^j^^';^*Mi» made me fdfitea:, fome ^jsi^ ago, upon a
• ^ "Circumftance confldeJ#able enough to deferve la
Place We. ' The Remains of the Sacrifices,
aifdthe Ric.^ tb^t is diftributek in the Temptes
•7*-. U^
^^Hiitift&f 'P^(y^ddrH, Wbo^ /»<^^ 'Word in oitr
f>mj'l V -' ' Language
.^, ;
Language fignifics Divine Graccy which Is the
fame we exprcfs by the Greek Word Eucha-
rift.
It is a Sort of Maxim among the IndiansyCovfef-
that he who confefles his Sins, fboiild receive)?on.
pardon ; Cheida far am chounal 'Ttroum. They
celebrate a Feftival every Year , during the
which they go make their Confeflion on th^
Bank of a River, to the End their Sins may be
quite wip*d away. In the famous Sacrifice of
Ekianiy the Wife of him who prcHdcs is oblig d
to make her Confeffion, to be particular in the
Account of her moft humbling Faults, ^rid to
tell even the Number of her Sins,
An Indian Fable, which I Have been told,
will farther corroborate my Ccnjeftures. '
When Chrichnen was in the World, th^h- FalU
mous JDreufadi was Wife to five renowned Bro- about ii,
thers, all of them Kings of Madure. Qne of
thofe Princes upon a certain Day, fhot an Ar^-
row at a Tree, which ftruck dowti an admi-
rable Fruit. The Tree belongM to a Penitent
of great Note, and had fuch a Quality, that it
bore one Fruit every Month, and that Fruit
gave fo much Strength to the Perfon who eat
It, that he had no Occaifion for any other
jiourifhment during the Month. But the Curfe
of Penitents being much more dreaded in tho'^-
remote Times than that of the Gods , tbe
live Brothers were under much Apprehenfioh of
fome Imprecation firOm the Hermit. ^ Th?y
therefore intreated Chrichnen to aiSft them in
that dangerous Coniundure. The God Ftchnqu
mctamorphoi'd into Chrichnen^ told them,^ and
Drapandiy who was alfo prefent, that he knew
but one Way to make Amends for ^o gf^at^^^
Evil, which was to ai^i^ au.eati^rc Cuiuemon
C 4"
h if
* II
C 24 3
of all the Sins of their whole Life • that th,-'
Tree from which the Fruit fell w . & CAiis
high, that the Fruit would rife up one Cub t "n
fon a'n/\r^^ % ^^/■".■"^d^ their ctftf-
fX^ • " "'f ^'"' °^ 'he laft it would
faften again to the Tree, asit wa, befo°e '
It was a harft Remedy, but it inuil be ap-
The five Brothers fct their Refolutfori, and
^onfented to difcover all. The Difficult; eon^
• t «1^^ .K p*'-'''* to prevail op het; When
Lnd n„ T , ^°'-' °^ *'"'"S their Faults, ffie
tound no Inclination to make the Difcoverv
b« was for keeping her own C6^!^tZl
flSl'ctir ^'"■"/ft "-erfintrng to her the
,call their Penitents, his Curfe; they niade her
promife whatfoever they dcfiry- -' ^
■P,I;^J'^^ ^°' this Affurance, the efdeftof the
Prices began that heavy Ceremftny, i„4 made
.As he fpokc the Fruit mounted up tff it felf
raid 7AT 1"^' ■ °"' ^l^''^' th/Etidof the
J^id firft Confeffion. The four 'other Pririces
t^thepiT/u'^W T" =o«inu'd,-thatis
|t the End of the Confeffion of the -fifth tht
^Frmf was exaftly five Cubits high. -^ on'l?f
,mg Stroke was referv'd for DrMpaSf. After
,|uch^ftrugh.ngfc, began her Cd/ftffion.tnd
If Sh'^ =''i«ded by Degrees; She pretended
Wt i°"r ^!''* ^'" ''^'"' ^•-•ntedhi.Jf a Co-
Sch- it ha?6n'° 'T *^ '^^^= ^S^*'*^' fro™
^^A!::i'ttA "^' ^ *.■•", Gafe that
' " *^ '•' ^.* *?>"*'f ^'^^Vvfti a lomethJHg-.
tilt five
tii 1
le five Brothers' intrcated hd rtoe to ruM
herfcif bv a pernicious Baftfulnefsi and not toi
involve them in her Misfortune. Their Prayers
.were of no EfFed; but Ghric^ek Coming in to
their A/fiftance, fhe.reveal'd.a Sin committed
by Thought, which flic wouiaiiaVe conceal'd.
No fooner had IhQ. done, bH^ ^he Fruit con-
eluded Its wonderful Afcent, ^M of itfelf went
and^vlpve to the -tonch on which it had hung
before. ' " **
Widi'this l^Iel.j^ii'put an End to the
lP.n^.J-ftter, .1 Jiaye. taken tlr^ Liberty to
^me-to your Eei'(fffilp.:> I have therein given
you an Account of what I have learnt among
the People of India, formerly, in all likelihood
Chriltians, and fallen again long fincc into the
parknefs of Idolatry. The Mi/Tioners of our
Society, following the Steps of St, Frands Xa^
-venm, have been for a Century paft, labour-
ing to bring them back to the Knowledge of
the true God, and the Purity of the Gofpel
-Worgup. \
irSTfee; my Lordrthat artHelame Tinie
we endeavour to m^ke thefe wi^tched People
ftnfibleot the Eafinefs of the Yoke of Jesus
C H R 1ST, we alfo ftrive to ferve the learned
ot Europ, in fome Meafure, by the Difcove-
ries we make in thefe Countries, which arc
not well known to them. It is your Lord-
mips Part, by your profound Penetration,
fP^ y;?F <^ontinual Converfation with Men
Jl^Wj.i"iv Antiquity, to fupply what may
be wanting on oar Part , as to what Light
we gain among thefe People. If thefe new
iJilcoveries be of any Ufe for the Advan^
Cin.£J of Religion, nn Man It
tQ
«0 imprtfuf^ tkm than you. 1 ;^ii with t^f
P
Mx ItiQIlEb
"
■ :
■ JTour Lor<liWp'$
■•
■ „„, ■
jJiHtt
I n-
and moft Gbcdlcttt Swittti
1
■ "'' ■
: :Jl ^ fOVCHEt, Miffiottiafr ^
« -
1 ^
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' • fi
f R O M
V.;i X*U
Miflioner of the S OC I E T Y «f
■tij iO
To
I. B4L7US,
y ., . ;.■ .....
or ttefaiMB s o c IE T ri
, ^EY^REND Father;
IHa c read ^yioar Anfwer to the Hiftoty
pf Oracles^ with increciible Satisfadu^m.
!rhe faslfe jReafons on which the dange-
rous SyJftem you have undoftsken to cte-
>^fieoy was groutided, can bene betser conitod
<«feftnyii»u have done, ^
*:^_ '!--..„ .-^_f-^:^ui ..»^.)a .f.^^^! asfc^ sl.
feffierfy «gavc Ottt vbcir Oracle %«heMotfObs
■' •-''■ ^ ' of
v:\ W',%
Tho' It be a difficoit Matter to add anv
J^'"? .'° ,(? ™='"y convincing Prao6 as your
Book IS aWjvitb, and ,«4u<£ you W dS.
fcaed ft ;.^ . "S reaftnable can be ob-
Efni* SrA' "-' y^"-" i'^?' "^«" fro™ the
feZ^tf-fl, °^i"'5".%« "u^frointha^ which
nons ot Ma^ar^ and C^ra^j^, 31,4 thereof T
. >ve been, myfeiF a Witn^fl.; '' *" ,. '!.!!.;''*^ /
*it. w ray i^ite ro the preachini? of the
a?th'e fare°T^- ''' /"f ^l! ^^/«^"' -d tave!
five thre "^"^.^ .^" Satisftaion to ob,
trWdi^l'^r ^^ ^''o'^P'-odigies which con-
Day/ fct:Srt"'^''^i t^^^S'-? « "^«
f™ f * '!2°"S t''°'« Chriftian Congregations
nlidft of nnbeWeWng Coiintfies ' ^
F«L ,„fl "'" '5"d '"^«^ble Prooft of two Truth.
OruUj ^0"r WflHr .,:For, inthc^rft Place, it is tet-
«.India.t«lVth3t;ite Devils to this Day Kr (^
-rf'thetdtf '"*^.t^ 'hey do it/not b"M±
te«d in r ' J^'''^.'' would be liable to.FdId
Sf thnf"*^""' I'i"'; ^J' 'h.e Mouths of th*pS
Oracies
1^9}
Cracks begin to ceafe in this Country, and
thatr; the Devils grow Dumb ^nd Joie their
FoWery: by Degrees, as the faid Co^ntry re-
ceives the. Light of the GofpeJ., Some Time
fpent in the MifliG^ of India is'fuficient to
convince any Man of the Truth of thefe two
Propofitions. i
• If it f^all pleafe th^ Almighty to reiftore me
to. that jdear Mi/fion, which I left ^gainft my
Willi and to which I am immediately to return,
there to fpend the Remainder of my Health
and Life, I will fend you a more ample Ac-
count of fome particular Anfwers, and of
certain Oracles, which cannot have been de-
liver'd by any but the Btvil It fhall Tuff ce for -
the prelent to offer you fome general Prooft,
which cannot but be acceptable to you
^^To begin, it is a Matter of Fad, which rio Priejlso,
JMan m /ndia makes any DouSt of, and which ^^^^^'
the Evidence of it does not allow to be call'd^''-^^^''^'
m Queftion, that the Devils deliver Oracl.es,
and that thofe Evil Spirits pofTefs the Priefts
that call upon them , or even indijfierently
any of thofe who are prefent , and Parta-
kers in thofe Spectacles. The Priefts of the
Idols . ive abominable Prayers to addrefsthem-^';,:" '
felves to the Devil, when they confult him up- "^
on any Event ^ but Woe be to that Man the-
Devil makes choice of as his Organ. He puts
all his Limbs into an extraordinary Agitation,
and makes him turn his Head after a moA
^^^j A ^ Manner. Sometimes he makes him
fhed Abundance of Tears, and fUls him with
that Sort of Rage and Enthufiafm, which was
formerly among the Pagans, as it is {kill amone
thQindiansy the Token of the Devils Prefence, .
and the Prelude to his Anfurerc '
As
W
. ■ t'
h /
&
m
As {boti as thofe Signs of theSucGeftttf" tfc*
Prayers, or Charms , appear, either in the
Tndky or any other of the By-ftamters, they
rfrawncar to the Perfon poffefs'd, ahd pJt
Qucfttonsto him rclatinr to the Succefs of the
Aferittffand. Then the Deril delivers him-
into. The Anfwers are eommonly fuch as will
»ftr a double Meaning, when the Q«eftions
jmt relate to Futurity. Nwerthekfrhe hits
right often enough, and anfwers fo exaaiy, that
the moft clear lighted are at a lofs ; but ftill
there is enough, as well in the Ambiguity of
certain Anfwers, as in the Exaanefs of others
to convince a Man, that the Devil is the Au^
thor of them • for after all, as difeerning as he
IS, Fttturity, when it depends on a Free Caufc,
IS not certainlv known to him^ and on the
other Hand, hll Conjeftures being commonly
very well grounded, and his Knowledge fit
above ours, it is no wonder he fcould fome-
nmes hit off a Thing upon Occafion, when the
Iharpeft and moft ingenious Man would varv
much from his Thoughts. ^
& ''/Of the Idols, m Imitation of the Oracles i^allv
r/|iV.f«I^^crdbv the Devils, do fometimes artful-
ly counterfeit Perfons poffefs'd, and give fuch
Aniwcrs as they are able to thofe that confult
them ,• yet, after all, that DiiUmulation, is, as
1 have told you, only an Imitation of the
X ruth ,• beiides that, the Devil is generally fo
ready to anfwer their Summons, that they fel-
dom ftand in need of Fraud. I do not propofe
to bring vou a great Number of Examples, but
accept of this one, which occurs to my Me-
mory, and which, in my Opinion ought to
convince
cbnvirtcc every Man of Sehfc th^t tkc DcvH
has really a Part in tfce Oracles given in
India.
On the Way from VaYttngapumto Calpaham Strawy
ftands a famous Temple, by the In^ans c&lTdSfor/of
Changandi. To the Eaftward of that Temple, ^^ ^»'
and at about half a Leagues Diftance from itJ.rJ.V*-''-
is a pretty p^^polous Town, renowned ibr the •
Paflage I am going to relate. One of the In-
habitants of this Town was highly favoured b/
the Devil -, to him^he moft ft^tly imparted him^
felf, in fo much as to poflefs him upon a cei«-
tain Day every Week, delivering by his Mouth
ihoft furprizin^ Oracles. The People thronged
to hisHoufeto confult him. However, notwitb-
ftanding the Honour paid him on Account ^f
the Diftindion the Devi! made of his Perfon,
he began to grow weary of his Employment
The Devil, who brought him fo ftiany Vifits
grew troublcfome, he never ceas*d, but he put
him to abundance of Pain at parting, and the
poor Wretch might make Account that he wa^
lure one Day in every Week to endUre a vio-
lent Diftempcr. Something ftill more vexa-
tious afterwards hapned to him ; for the Devif,
who by his Means gain'd the Dependency ahd
Adoration of an innumerable Multitude of i>f-
diansy refolv'd to remain feveral Days po{ftfs*d
of him, in whom he found himfelf fo highly
honour'd. Neither did he ftay long away when
gone, and feem'd to go and come to no other
End than to renew the Dread he occafion'd
at his coming, and to repeat the Torments
that attended at his Departure. His frequent
and tedious Vifits proceeded fo far, that the
miferable Indian found himfelf quite difa-
hhd from providing for his Family , wWch
ycc
! i
c§v1
ynt could not fubiift without him. ' lis Kiri-i
^ed being much, diiturb'd repair'd to feve-
ral Temples , to beg of the falfe Gods to
- give a Check to, or at Icaft eafe the Violence of
that wretched Spirit; but thore pretended Dei*
Mes, had too eood an Underiianding with the
Devil, agamft.whom their AMance was" im.
Plord, to grant anv thing to his Difadvantage.
.Thus nothing of what was fu'd for could be ob-
.tamdi the Deva became more outrageous,
and contmu d as he had done before, to deli-
.F^r his Oracles by the Mouth of his old Hoftv
with only this Difference, that he tormented
inm much more violently , -^ad at laft gave
Caufe to apprehend that he would be the Death
of the poor Man. ,,.,,,j . . '^
. The Ca/e being almoftde^erate, it wasccm-
eluded, tiiere could be no other Remedy, but
to make Application to hiin that did the Mif-^
chief. It was iupposM, that he would vouch-
safe to give an Oracle in Favour of a Wretch,
by whofe Means he deliver'd fo many others
t^r^lt''^\'''^ ^^i^'^^^y ^" '^' ^^^"^«g> they
put the Queftion to him, to know, wheVher he
would Lot depart, and what he requir'd for
Ihortning the Number of his Vifits, and eafing
the Seventy of them. The Oracle anfwer'd!
ii^uV^^ "^'^^ ¥^"^^y to Changandi^, he
E.^i^^"'''''''' "" "^^^' "^^ -^^^^^ ^-y
^wl?"'^^? "^^""^ punaually executed,in Hopes
that the unfortunate F Jlow would be deHver'd.
He was carry d to Changand^ on the Eve of the
Day appointed by the Devil , but was worfe
neara to cry out m a. moft At-^oAf,.] \/f..,„^-
like
%ttie' Tim f^mii^g. a|j>«h JU ontw^diu, ^d
'Rngm-'^im Modklajiicomc/ the Orack-was
JterW ftfliiaMi .'bCit affer 4imry. difFcrewt Mail>
%c¥^t^aH^h^d«ytefl^;«lpedJilL^ for th« Sdmomt
jexfHi Ji"^ith*lttbft.d*a4ftil GbuvnlTionsi :;ift»t
'having Hm'^^b^ndanak^ty(jSaood\3£,^cl^He{i;
3^5 and Mouth ; which in India is therufunl
•Si^n df^'rD.lt^trtj^f irtd %aWi,] occifuwicd^ by , .
^fe^ing^pptefe'^ti/r'.Thu^thefi^^^
*rs 'Qi-^del v'^uring that the .wrctdfc^iOSim
Mm fcajfk ^^M '-Cftk<^ zan<h io . r^d<^ i his ^
'Vitel >> ^'i '^rl n!i .. , , ^T-;^/f -i:^ ;w,i'-dw auHT
'thdfe ]Meft« Wei4 iw,' at f(»..tragicirtan/Ev«tf.
^1 dt$' tifllfcfe mi, ho Man^dlieh^did iuitli€(j4i>ft.
mivt. dl^i 'Nd-P do r biii<^eiottr*mQfl7hiir<iurf3
•MChticfefr-iijdriifinty it is^ibmhleto cknriWi Jt^f-
;^Wi^'W^:n^>o^ thatiOpte^n.'lfiHelMj^
•^d;fi«|eik«©etfthoPheiilHikbani.w^sufcRja
i S'?t£ f i^^.^Y^''^^' to -^KikbAi, biix^rC^^t
^t^":;f»ff ^; ^^ Gofifeftk«a aUd./evfiraL.irimfs v-a..,
'iaai& htt'mm, thjr^toiijr/'in ;th6 Bt9^mcc^£ . ••'«
the Idolal<#r^^j:bfif iofi{n^rihi.lhe.,Prere«M» ^pr ''^^^^'^
"the Ghhftiiins/ ^Whcf refi&roeditd 0*1 CHarchilT
;'WHifeh i^'Dbxwli ftre-VeiV^reaueiitlyH4oii&k*l «;.«/
^HMta, Among ^U D^liverers'gf Oraclej, thofe r-^^/''.
D
fire
l 34 3
arc ^rtainly moft in R«putation> who under-
take to difcover Thefts and Robbenes^ which
cannot otherwife be found out After tiding
all common and natural Means, they have Re-
courfe to this, and to the (^eat Misfortune of
thofe poor Idolaters, the Devil is but too fei>
viceable to them in this Point. AmaaJngThingt
have hapned as to this Particular, in my Time i
I will mention one which you may depend
upon.
J notdhle Some Jewels of great Value h^d been fo dex*
Storyto terouHy and fecraly ftolen 6:0m the General of
jfjji ly. of the Army of Madure, that he who had done
^*" it feem'd to be out of the Reach of Sufpicion.
Thus, whatfoever Means could be ns*d to find
4Mit the Theif there could not be the leafl Indi-
cation ' of him. A : younj Man at I'kherapaltg
^ho was oneof the molt famous Diviners in
d« Country, was confulted. He having in-
;yok'd the Devil, fo exaftly defcrib'4 the Theif,
ttot 4C was no difficult Matter to know him.
*I1ic Wretch, who had been fo far from being
calfd in (^eflioh, that no Man had ever fu-
ibeiSied him, could not fland out againfb the
Orad&s he own*d his Crime, and protefled
there was nothing natural in the Maimer of dif*
covering his Thd^. ^
' ^ Whenfeveral Pcrfons are fufpe^ed of a Theft>
and no one of them can be particularly con-*
vided; this is i' Method they take to find
€Uit the Criminal. . ^ht Names of each of thofe
5J25^rf.fcfofpefted are writ upon! pajticular Bits of
'Paper, and orderly laid round in a Circle.
Then the Devil is «all'd upon, with the ufu-
. al Ceremonies, and they Aj^ithdraw, after
' liaving fiiut up and 4;ov«i:'d (b€ Ciidci fo that
Hovf to
find a
Thief
many
91 S
n
yUlJ- K I'iZ "iliiO^,^'.
o
C3$3
no Man can come at it. Some Time after thcv
return, dilf over the Circle, and he whofe Name
IS found out of its proper Place is concluded to
be the only guilty Pv rfon. This Sort of Oracle
has fo often and infallibly been ferviceaj)lc to
the Ittdmttfy for difco vering of a Criminal ataione
fcvcrarinnocent Perfons, with certainty, thtt
Jt IS Proof enough without; any other to ttV
a Man upon.'". - ' ' • - ja// zw o? ijsb'tsi,:/
r '^h^. ^*? ^!H another Way the Dev-ift hatrc Vhinai
for dchyering themfelvcs in /ffdia, and aftfvtreiv*w» ^
^u^ ^vT-^Jlf QH?^*ons Pwt to them, which ii in ^'"^*
the Night, and by means of Dreamsi Tt is
true, this Way has feem'd to me more liable to
I'raudj; bik after all, there occur in it fuch
lurprizmg Things, and fuch fingular Git-ciim-
ftances, that there is no BdUbt but that the
Devil ha« a confiderable Shiie^ in it, and thit
he really makes Ufe of that Method to inform
the Prielts of the Idols who make it their Bii-
linefs to call upon him. • • ^^n i oj
I give you but a few Inftanccs of what I af-
fert, not that they are rare in /«^m, 6r that
there are not frequently fomc to be met with,
which are not to be calf d in Queftion ; but die
Thing itfelf is fo far from being doubted in die
Coun^fv, that no Man thinks of colteairig
them. However, if you delire more Particu-
lars, 1 wiU not fail giving you that Satisfaftioh.
^^ T!?".!?. '^ ^^^' P^eaip God to reilore me ^o
my Chriftian Congregation at Madure, vihith
A long for more ardently than I can welf^^-
But after all, what Reafon can thci<p hi^othn
doubt of the Devil's delivering Oracfcif iii A-^tE./
if'Jf^fln^ W€ have foch convincing prot)js,^**l>«-
1 /
I
t
a;,thcy pert<pi[j^,anip£nite;N^;q[jper;or other
^ingsj, whic^i 4jpf|ar above tjhcjfowcr.of Man.
J)^i;,l5xampi?,i ^hc^' who deal Avith/tlie Pcyjl
c^rci(Often feei? tp; f^pport alow, arfi without
^yjFLcft, ,an,i^rh(>\ir:,inia4e of, th<: Branches. Qt
i^ees cut pfti ;ffifi n6. whe . fafti)^^- ^'^^'^^\ •
, jtjiers^aift upjn^ the Air ^ §))ect;,,;^ich is
extended to his whole Length and Jj^readth, b^
. Wjl^icfith^ piiPtve/ that the JJevjii jis re^jy fami-
'ijiir i>yM theiDf ,,\$<jmie in t|hf jj^r^^f^nc^ of ?U
fiiih^,I^cop(le, dififtkjc^- gj:,eat^V;e^(p}$;f ^ll cpf Slood,
j,fOf^aiir)ing^ f^F^i^l -P^**^' l^intsj^.^jijlfith^wic oeing
fijrl )>aYe I?ee^lf9;t9ld;l?y ^M^n.pf Gr^dir,
.^p4-iHirho, B^y. /af^ly, fje; bpliev fL chp.t.l}9 l^apned
.,^<fC4^P9tallK t^l^ftdrr^fnt.in f:,(;:prfio^ny, where
^JS^wjas Witnefs.tp.^^eJFa(^ I an^goin&tp relate,
;i4ro)a4 Body;,; a^aMi^s ^^Map^tift^.bem made
.f#.,i9,ipnc yaff/3!C.(a%leil9om^ and^fo fixd
to the Wall, that there >va5 np renf^pvmg of jt
-■Wr^h^wt: m4cJi,J[;)iiSfulty;Vn?^y^rthd4^ (was
jfe[&n.fto break, lpo/f,;9f.itfelf, ;^n^^,^p ^pve for-
*,yyardsi iCpnfjdejra|:»lp^ Way,, from, th^ |*lape, where
y/j^"^a^ beeq, faftped^^ lyfthpu^; f^jyjftrf^itw^"-
:. Wgfi P^y*^ ittucif as, ppming n^ar^it. , ;A4d ^^ this,
pf^f P,?fe I>eviV, jf^f r jtf u,c to jiimfftlf m# Ages
^114. f,^ all.Plac^,ijOfif^n requiy^spf djole who
^,4<fi^l;Wjth him th/eiiaoll ^bonifn^yeSaoritices,
'*jnd;!,'{4(^h as/Mapk|i)d muft haye ;^; yo'fjf^r for ;
ilR\¥l^J«^Vf=li ^t ^hf/amf Ti|ne..^c;i|aog. pifp^ej: t€r
Infhort, what wotild our Unbelievers in £«-'
oy^'JC^ Jj'iHeanfhQ^, People, wl^^^^ afi. extrava-
'^.Vi^^V^ ^ Srte% w4f;?;inp?e4M^^^^^
c f Wf s^^^^. >%'f ^B^led, w^ie9,;t j^aljor, their
. the/
£ »7 }
%\i%y thjnk, I (ay_, it tlfey^ were, as we are Eye
Witneflcs of ifjie tt^licl; Ty.ratiny the D^Vif iex^
^iifcs pvc^AW id6lat«irs in /«^m ? Thdfe'Wi'ck^
«a ^pinWomidfties ^refs down' their HeUds ^io
ld<v, antt^Bf/.^Ve'-thenfi turn-Aeir Ar^iiS att^PJJegi
t)iehirtdtherfi;in fiich a^ManhW'that theiriBe^diw
'^tt Hkie^Ball^^'l^'ich'puf^'bhfem to rtioft Irifole*
r^bVPai'ii,'In! vim are;h6V^ckrry'd to the'Tttlil.
mcs 6f the Mdfj^t'O'receiVe^^bine^Eaf'e ,''i«ufcn«t
there they'mUft'e^pea'to f?riu it. Out^ O^undiek
and ^^U^Ch^iftiWhs'a*-*- tHe^dhty'Reraedirs^ lu^d:
\hat mifedafbl^'OpJ: lon/J^y'itv^hich it^arO^JOWSi
that the p.eViJs^^a'i^t -^yeotifj^'OccafionWi^hfc
Tinfp^akablel^hs thofv:j[y60r' CrcatuMi; h»i^
iendtirU> "^va b:.-. iJ3!.ir>fJ rr-> .^ •: cs ,vi
^'>- Tou tee "P have a littlfcidigrc/^'d ft^oninhc
jPomt of Of a^f^,-;whiGW ^^l hiiin 'S«bi«aj.of
injrLettfcr J ^6tfil do liot^belittiig ^du wilV think
^hfs Di|;rafi0i¥^ftogethti» rtrfefe^P' Whe^A Mei
a^e oftce^convirk^a^ that ii^ BfeWl*?iavf*d>«ari.
tain Power over the Idolater, which is l>bj
<M1 Gotttf^tef(>, ithey 'w^i»1^%ht- bcttei^^ii
fed tc^lD^lil^t^-^Hiitl hai4 Wf««dy.had the;
njSur br tfelliA| j^piv M' r^fe^idft 'to the Onlcbs
'ifhe Devilis 'dWivfii' dniohgit*le •/»^//«»r j andi I
:*tti fliiiy ije^iyid^d ,> tft3t D«-l^rtoi«ri4(BbA&
Fatth is'aftta*^t«*j as-fo'Cl^^il^fftefice ^b^ J3f».
tils^r <ft«^*'«fe■JW&:fuplc[^owC't!he71afoto^
?^rro-pi^ceidv 'toe'ts: ftdtfefiig 'Of €«fi«8i or
'Jnbteti-anfed&s -Places, hm^i^thei^e needidfidnrJ-
^Wifliiilg the'^i^i^fts^bf the Idoli Wftl^iiJKaattrf
■MdreUnd's f^kWng TruriiipeTS ?t6^ ca^t)ftmr
Vbiccs, brkbmti^iply theSdUfidvNc«ib^tith^
•-tftif 7«^/^:Ppiifts'are crafily enourfh- toifinri dak
^11 Mfeahs .to(irftt«!>re upo<t thbl^^^^^
I
m
.ita^:.',i
jileyil mighi: refufe to aiFord them ; but they
airenot; put to tha; Trouble, an4 1 have al^ready
^ven you to underftand, that the Pevils ar^p
t>m too true to them. As it is tr^Cr that thofe
fwi^d Spirits deliver Oracles in India , fo
jwould it be ridiculous to fupppfe.^ithat thoTe
Cka(ies proceeded from the Mouths of ^tatue^
in tllis Coai><^ry> as has been inlinjuated '^ the
4Gh»file$ of paft Ages. You have 4j^monftrate(i
ftow groundig^fs wt Con|e^w$i jf>; by Tcfli^.
monies of Antiquity, and eveji^ by the Kidicuf
}oarne{s that is >n%arable to it; bnt as for In^
iifiii there are 31s ii^anyWi^neifespf the contra?-
ry, as th^re are Idolaters and even Chriftians
ill. tha Country, j Iris mpft cer;tain, that in fo
many Yea,Ti as,| fca^e |4v*d among f h?^? P<?opl^,
Ijiiev^r heard that any Idol fpplse, 4ind yet^I
iiaivt ^ar*d no |^ai;is to be thoroughly informed
■lib wh*t rebates iq^ th^ Jdojs apd?hpfewhpwcr»
fhi' them.; /■,:♦, . ' '• .oti,-. . '■: . i
-r -hat wrhicji. .appears moft,^onyi|i^ing, is,
-iteMp niothin^ vi^jal4 hav< been Jinpre iea^ tha^
tiizBsid out jth^t J^xpedient, had not theRerr
iriisfith^mfelve^ d^Jiver'd their Ogacles by thjR
jfoM. JkCoiiithsipf . Men- 1 Sphere aj-e Statues in India, qf
ftms ^i>tt:cldigipasBu]fc^d Heigjiti and they are ajl
mtues. Iiiflldteiwithinrjntfeey are thofe:,that.ftand at.th^
Entrance into the Pagan Tenples j they fecm
fo hswft l^efen m^pn Puarppi^! $p favour the
lim^ftiires o£.the^ Idol Pri^jfts, if there M?4
bccat'iJteCafiotv to h^ye Recourfe co them j but
mKeality that would J)f too.vifible a Bai'tr an4
^dinkittQ believe 4ny fndiajf^ would fufter hinj'-
ieif iti9r!b€ talien with it. I wiljlreacpunt fome
£]^iH&pIesv wttiQh will inform ypu, what the
^G&$ g£ t^pJndhm can dp' in; Ppint of Im^
^poftoreij but whiclj, ^J th^ fame Time, will
convincie yoti, that they have to dp wiiH Pto*"
flc that are not eafily to be guU'd by 'their
rauds. By it you will |udge^ tliat Cmccmis
{6 receir*d, and fb univerfal an Opinion in /»^r
4ia, *-hat the Devils deliver Oracles there, itis^.
not certainly g:rotmded on the Cheats of Ibti^
particular Perfons, nor oti the too great Cr^dtt**^
lity of the Common People. ^^M i5:n?
It is fotoe Years fince, a King of ^«;«(fi(or, Fraud of
who was much affefted to ithe Idols, felTiWsjJP^^n
former Devotion to become colder and coldqrr''*''
by Degretes»' till then he had very regulidj^ vti*t
feed a famous Temple, (salM Manan^Diii^tm^
TV Mdiith. He tk re nsld to give ^edtJQiil
Alms to the Priefts of the Temple, and yoct
may imagine, that fo generous a Devodon
could not but be very acceptable to them, -Btrtt
what an AfilidiOn was itj when they pei^ceivy
that the-^ince abandoti'd thieir Templ^. rr I
fancjr, they would have better born with^iiis
keeping aw^y, if he had but continu\lt6 fend
the Sums he uis'd to diHribute among dfetn.'
The Mifchief was, that they Were at oncerder
priv'd of the Honour oi feei*g*he Prince, «ift
of the Profit that accru'd frOni his, Vite. Vp^
on this theBrachmans aifesibled, and that be*
ing a Matter of the higheft Confequence for
thtiU , '^t'bky lohg conmltied together , w-hat
Courfc to take. The Buline&in Hand, wais to
oblige the Prince to vife the Temple of 'jlafo-»
it^ycovr'/, according to his former Cuftomi if
they could be fo fortunate its to fucceedin that
Particular, they queftion*d not but^that his
Bounty wo^ild be the fittie k had " been be-
fore. •■■* '-- ;■' • ■ , ■jiii.'i?'
Thfe' w4? th^ Stratdt^m they agreed «*»♦
una r^Vv^vu Cu m4lc Uic ur.
D4
s ucy
abroad
a or'
abr<
V
iuii*eAiog:5jf ,5r<j^»>>, jKrtiq,wis a,gfle(^f s^
«to«*«»sMe«rs .,,.,}fo, jgc^y ,ij|.pn ^iqjfglf,^ ,^-
Reality of that Prodigy, and in his Opinm
A -.*
"Wft
Statue, and that through it they fcnrigd Wate)
If^tluH
i5 werT hVfS?cifily'Pmertfc%}y^ n^^
Aft ^^a;^^«j,fo^ W,«^|p_^ Tii
liQ
n.nn/"
•vrr:ir
■&rr.ii^*«^
I? 4^" J
fiblc Jk)^ fond th-fc People arc of Moiiv, to
5^^^!t^ •'^^S««^' ?f aic Gncvottfticfs 'bf
~ that I^mi^^^^ Such a hwvf Fine was much
more infMj)|)drtabie to Acm,, thai tl^HfeVml-
con^c>raI Poniftimctit: .,/t^^*-^:^'^ *;:*■* ich^ti-dao :t
Cin amr ohc imagine ' Aat Men, who could
Contrive Tuch a yraud ai' thf$i-tould ndt hiv4.
of dieir^s, the Thin/l^e&glb eafy ai I have'
demonftrated to vou ; ff they ted thbu^I^it
fikcly tOMtaketheGentils, Whoconiultthc^Ot^
<les, mtfcit^i-e 5 or if thofc Oracles had no^
ftccn aiv^ys ddhrer'd in India, not by the Or^
pn of the Statuies, btit by the Mouth of the
Priefts. v^o 1 the Devil ptjts into a Sort of
Enthufufhck Futy; or cffe by the Mouth of
fome of thofe tirLo ?ire' prdPent at the Sacrificei
• ind who, mu<4 agiinft their Wflls, iindthcm-
felves more expert in the Art of Divinitfg than
What I ^l^r^i^ of
dclircr^ of Oracles iir fittf/^ fefo uhircrfal
th^ughoiit the Country ,~thatMi«rhcnfocver an
Oracle IS [)ronOuncM aiiy ifther Way wl^tfo^
jvcr. It i| immedi^tely^fuip^d to be ftiindu^
fcntandd^ceitfiit i*^ : i;
HUJen . Two ^ercliants, as our Mians inform us,
W«« had 1>y mutual ([^tofe^tbta-^^^^
^»- |^ng«¥5i\«»^f *»» 1tt¥my private Place ;
Weithclcft the Treafute. w^s taken a vay r he
Wk) had done the Thing war the forwaf^li: at
^emng his Innocehce; and calling hisi Partner
5^at apd Th»w, and evc^
|*'*»e Wo^d clear hiniiclf By the Oracle of^
Jamo^j Vpd, the Indians worfhip under a cer-
fain IWei f%n tu^ TV... *^ i-- ^j ^ *k^
Purpoft,
fn
Furpofe» the ufual Ceremonies were jpttform'i
for caUing upon that pretended ficity ; and k
was expeaed, that fome one of the Company
would be polTefs'd by the God, orpevil, they
were making their Addrefles to ; but th^ wcrp
much furpriz'd, when they heard i Voice come
&om, the Tree, which cleclar'd him that was
gpilty of the Theft innocent 5 and laid it upoii
m unfortunate Merchant, who had never enter-
mnd fuch a Thought. But it being a Thing
l^ever heard of in India, to have Oracle^ deli-
vered after that Manner ; thofe who were ap-
pointed by the Court to be prefent at that Cerc-
mpnv, gave Order, that before the Party ac-
.W 4 were proceeded againft, diligent Search
WHjdpe made, to diTcover whether there was
ivot Efficient Caufe to fufpea that Oracle. The Motla
Tree was rotten wifhin, and therefore, withr-Cf'eat
mt any further Examination, they thruil Straw '''^'"7
into a Hole of the Tree, and fet fire to it, tt^"'' ^*
*L*^*^' or Smolce, might oblige the Oracle ^
tajH after, an^t^er Manner j fuppofing, as was
Wpca^d, >hat fpin^e Jferfon lay hid in the Bodir
# the IJrce^ The Expedient fucceedcd, tji
Wretch, ,whp dldjot expcd fuph a Ttyal, 4i5
pot think fit tpifufierhimfelf to he. burnt,- bi^t
^Py4 ow aiinain, that he wpuid difcover tji
.v^ol? Truth, h^ging they woulii^^emove ,the
l^irp, which began to burn him. They tpplt
iMj Pn hm» mid thus the Cheat was difcd-
V Once mope, it is a Thing beyond all Cbi^-
^^Ifoverfy ampng thp /«<//Vi»t, that tj^e Trcesand
Statues cannot fpeak. Thus mufh may happen
fwetimiesv thai? the Devils caqfe f^mc little
JMpUto move when the Idolarers e^eftivbeg!
^ * ■ uin
^n It Here follovfs wfiat.t(?e Jflhri^hmy wha
'v.^'* ^'*.^' i^,^f"'^iF5 ^?ner,3a<Titt<;es on'thClfd'gC
«^ thf W^^r ^ ' with mdch ecrcnkmyf ' J TOey
to^. a .Cif cfe 'br^h^ o^, mb Cubits I>iimct4
lach Maimer ttet rhch^ JPbfitijdfaWy arifx^t^^^ijd
JMi -J -.-,— ^ ^ V,.
*"• Iri the Pr^'ifc'e ^^aif th^:^H$|ft>; 'aM terft
*;;:^\:; l^ithoirt ahy My cbiffitk^ %i^ ft: > m^oa
4h
Vil-
;i /a
•^f«i>>4a >iiU iU VfO t?A. rc^ifl
f
■i/M^/.?|r^^»>i ft^ve attempted jjnj^ fud
■4«ijfe5^' Thfe^c: 1^ Wt the l^^ttmjtipn o^'^^
\:,) l,\^,illconc\upk thisXetter with jfftat Wmh *"
yl/gj93,,mtbs Pa«^i%. ,.1 mean a5;.i?iiraci
:^-l09S'3iJience ©F..tH-^^^clp \%mjfyM P^T
es, as Jesus Ch kisT is1mowQa^*a.#<y-
>P^t I I will f<iy|th|8r ^M^rmo^ we'ai'ef pfeaX- , j
4, vi Pb r 1 51 T ; ,1% the' raid yeneralil^e pr<j& • i .d
J%^n9tonJy ftop ..the Mouths' of tKofe 'deceiB-»'^ '"^j^^^
;Qfcacles,l)ut:]C,hatft is alfo io:^^ Co^AtrS^ •'^"^^-'i
,ii^^,W^:i^ pefehc^'tWiU'fii<fce^
grees, as
ff^f?i
..^„4 dp not.pretend to aflert, that rrbiipf theMtt-
,W rhe Stand^rr^^ Cttf^Ji^^t up lli
;/«J/^3, ^j,the i^^^^ Wo piiited tfk
Faiti..there, thkiQracleiJmmeiii^tSj'.teas*^
all Parti of IdbTa&ous ii£km|'amh'St'the Dti-
,^,qh^h, :at?6ijt thpeaflng 6P^ -rYdu
^l^%iM4^,^t.appean' to'him,; tfHitf.iHc?. Oracles
ii^is 1he (kVini l>o^infe^^§^^6^1
fprcad
\ . 1 4*3
fl^rcad it fclf abroad in the World ; that this
miraculous Event, tho' it did not happen ail
J at once, and in a Moment, is not therefore the
lis to be afcrib'd to the Almighty Power of
E s u s C H R I s T , and that the Silence of
the Denis , as well as the Dcflruaion of their
Tyranny, is iicvcrthelcfs an Effeft of the Au^
thority lie tew given Chriftians to drive them
away m hi^ Name. I defign to give you a
ftandiilg JPtoof of that Atfolutc Powir of
J?sws Ch R^iST, and ihofc who profcft
jOi^ Moriii]^ 6f him, by barely laying bcfoit
vow the Wottdcrs to which we have been Eye
.Witneflfibsl '; •' :■ f ^*^^^- -^^ • ■ , ,^:vi-%-.
r>J^^^' ^^^nCocvct it happeas, thatfome
Chriftians arc prefent at thofe tumultuous Af-
*r.- WfflWies, ^hcre the Devil ^eaks by thcMoiith
K/wMtfrtpf thofe he poiTeiTes, he then obfervcs a prq^
»«/««/. found Silence, which neither Prayers, nc^
Charms^ nor Sacrifices, can prevail with hfm
to break. This is fo freque t in the Parts df
the Miflion ot Madure; whtrc we have RtiJ-
dences, diat the Idolaters take fpeciai Care to
.enquire, whether any Chriftian i$ among thcni,
before they begin their Ceremonies ; fo AiUy
perfuaded they are, that one fingie Chriilian
in the Croud would difable their Devil, and
ftrikc him Dumb. Here follow feme Inftan-
c«s. ■"■ ■ , " ' '"■' ' -^'^
ti^mt It is but a few Years firfce, at a folemn I»rd.
VtSoZ'*' ccffion, in which they carry*d one of the Idols
*^n. ^f Madme in Triumph, the Devil took Pof-
-(cflion of one of the Speaators. As foon as
ithey had obfervM in him the Signs, ^ich dc-
.ooted the Prefence of the Devil, the PcOpJc
.fhrong'd about him, to be within heai-%V
n.i
f47]
JiaiMicdacci4ciif[aJly tp pa^ by. thf^ Mace j lihac
^as fufficicnt t!9 f^cijic^ ?hc feyilj lie i^inic.
duttJy ccasd «ix.giy^ Aitfwers, to ;bpfc w^
rare inqukin^. aboat future %€mV. When
wy pcwciv 4 th^ Bevil wrnflSdi^^^^ o^
wprc^fome oi\e/o£ the Company faid, there
m^c^^itdyt befbme Chfriitiatt £^CM^ theai'j
ifnm^ifitie Search, w4i made for Eini ; but i^
fori^way, 4nd^jtir*4 with allSpe^d to oiir
^e oF our MfSoners g9mM{^fowk,j^a^
ftopp d at one pf thofc great Rooms: that a^ ^
built on the lligh:-ways« for the,.C6mniency
of Travellers. The "ther was clofe up ii^a
Corner of that Room; but one of the CiSf
iUans, whobocc him Company, pbferv*d, fhit
the Inhabitants i^ the next Sttpct jurere 0>t v^? ^^^^
about a Man itm wu pQ&&d}}yihsJ}^/-^'f
and that eyery pnc cpnfulted theOrajcle* to^ .
Hi^^^A^Y^^:^ .Things tjiat were fecrct.
The Cbiftian tj«^ himrelf ii^po |he tttrong,
*^*^ ^* A^/^ ^^?i^^^*#» thatthdewtoww
^carcft^ not, WNotieepf^^l^. It w^
a^apoffible thatjthe Pcrfon pofl*c6'd qmld (cc
•him ', but the Devil was f<^ai:jCenfibIe of tfe
,Ppwer of tlut new Corner. T^c^easyifpealfw
ing the very Moment ,- Care^ was twnto pro-
mife Sacrifices, iwit not one, ^jp^d^ could be
drawn from him, In the mean Tif^ie the Chri-
■?S. ^^^'^ ^^^y ^ dextrpu{i[/,"tas:-h€: caS.
[.The D^vil then being deliverVfrom t^c
Prefence of one more powerful than Jumfcfe
began to talk again,as he haddonelictorSSSl
the firft Thing lefeid, was to! Mm Com!
.pai^y, that his Silence had teii. WaiionTC
the Prefence of a Chriftwh; wfi^ t&y had
not oblerv d, but wip h^d aevertbelejdr bm
L^ongthem, {
<\
t
i
♦fi^.
t . ^i^ifr ^5^5;^yine in thi$, Pyticular,'to^*h'
I
I
iUle fdrc jwcans'-ro arive a^i^the %
II3©(1 «iiilad"}13y3n LiJrf /iflrw •fffrl KN/n.^^^ *-^,.
- - ■ -r—^'T- jrawss ^•s' T r-j-.ivji* -JV***
•fc ,-•■.
' C 49 3
You may ea% judge how well gromdci Certain.
that Univerfal Opinion is, iince nothing but'? of th:
an infaUibJe Certainty of their Cure, could™'
prevail on thofe miferabk People to make Ufe
of fuch a Remedy. Thefe are not Accidents
to be interpreted according to Fancy, fuppo^
ling there is Fraud in thofe who hy they
have been tormented, and are afterwards cur'd
by Virtue of our Holy , Religion. M^n who
mean honeftly themfelve$, and are acquainted
with the Genius of the Indiant, never think of
having Rccourfe to fuch Suppolitions. The
Idolaters^ and efpecially thofe who are moft
devoted to their Idols, and who confequently
are moft fubjea to be jnfulted by the; Devils,
have a wonderful Prejudice againft the Chri-
Itian Keljgion. They can expeft no Advan-
tage by a Forgery of that Nature ; tjiey can
fcar nothing from the Chriftians , and have
Caufe to apprehend every Thing from the In«
hdels ,• they run the Hazard of lofing all they
have, of being contemn'd by their Race, or
Tribe; of being thrown into Goal, and -of
being abus'd by their Countrymen. Thefe '
Obftacles are ftill much jnore dreadful for f
5?i? -A^^® are of Races which have but few >
Chriftians, and wherein of Confequence Iz
would be very difficult , and almoft impof-
fible, after fuch a Change, to find any that
would be allv'd to them in Mairiage.
This laft Refleaion feems to me the moft
confiderable ; but only thofe who live among: ..^ ' - '
thefe People can be fenlible of the utmpft Ex-
tent of it. In order to form fome Notion of Gr^rf/ '
It, you are to conceive, and it is moft certain, ^"^^ °f
that there is no Nation in the World where ^''^'''^'^^'
Primes are more fond qfitheir Children ^ the
E Tender-
i
/
m
t5o]
^tnitmeCs of the Fathers and Mothers in this
Refptft i$ beyond Imagination. It chiefly
'•onfifts in fettling and marrying themadvan-
tageoufly ; but it is not allow d to contiad any
Allfance out of their peculiar Races. Thus
the imbriicing of Chriftianity, when a Man
is of a Ract that has few ChnAians, is in fome
Meafure renouncing the Advancement of his
Family, and confequen^ly thwarting of the na-»
HilrHl ind prevailing Aflfedions. However, the
"tofments the Devil puts thofc Wretches to
Ait'h violent, that they are obliged to over-
come th6fc Confidertticns ; they repair to our
Churches as I have toJd you, and there find
Eafci'lind a cdrtalih Cure. This Motive of
Credibility , together with other* which are
careful/y laid before them, and more efpecially
the viftorious Grace of Jjasvfi^ CnRist,
by Degrees draws them from their former Su-
perilicions, and prev^ls with them to imbrace
that Holy Law^ which procures them fuch
mighty 'Advantages in this Liife , and pro-
mifes otkfers infinitely greater for all Etcr^
hitv. . ■ '- ■'^■
1 muft tell you once more, thefc are not
Aceidettts that happen rarely, and whereof
there <n»<5 but few intftances ; this is almoft a
cohtlnuai Miracle, and which is daily re-'
Strai^e pcated. 1 once, within the Space of a Month,
Power 0/ Ijaptiz'd Tour Hundred Idolaters, whereof at
Indian fcaft tWo Hundred had been tormented by
Conmts. jfj^ p^^j^ 3j^^ ^^^ delivered from his Per-
fee«tio», by caufing themfelves to be inftrud-
ed in ^>he I)o<^rine of Chriftianity. It would
be amawng to us if fome of thofe Wretches did
not conftantiv come for Relief to our Churches,
4nH i' W§n ^iiiiin IQk Ely F^ttj with iiil SinCc-
itlty, that th6ifcisaInibflcdrftJnaiitlyfaifet^'bi>
^t Aoui^y one ^ our Pi^irfd^a Ohurcht^i ittA
that th^ th^iAMns'bf ^rAgqVor botft S
and of evcty Conditiofc'^6kpe[t>evilV^d^d^
J^radiceJ atithom'd by (ihrfftian Religion, a4
W which onr good -M^<?Kr moft ccftainjyiinakfc
better Ufe, than generally is done by the Chri^
Itians ip Europe; and this. even to fuch' a JDe*-
^i5^^ !l5?« ™y °^^" ^^'"P^^ «^*ie Devils, a^alnft
thcii^ Wills, to giVe Teftiihopy of the Almi^h^
Po%ver^ UsysC h r i s t j and thoTc it!^?l
rable S{Jirits.4rfe heard daily to confeft, that
they afe eruelly^tormenfed^h Hell, tha« t^
J . iJf attends all thofe #h6 cbttfult thetti,
a""^ J? *^ .^# the only Way ta atroid fttcft
dreadful Torments is t^ imbrace and obfci^Tfe
the Lay fjteatji'd by the t;hi:iftiati Gt^^^om, fd
^MiaHs0l thdir Doaoi^ aid fpirtfual
"^■IThus 6ut' Converts haife ati e5i:trdbi^d^*i^iiff
Contempt bf Devils, over Whom the only Qfial
Jity of being x:hriftians gife§ them fuch eTeat
Authohty: they infultr them in the Prefenc^
pf the Pagans, ^hd opeitl/ defy them, geh<^
roufly C6n(idm that they can have nd ToWer
dyer their P^ns, when once arm'd wfth thfe
bigrt of dur Redemption J and yet ti^ry oft^A
tliey are t^e fame Indians, wlio hav^b^n'R^
me;ly moil cftielly tormented by thofe EvA
bDirit^, an4 who molt dreaded thenii wfiMt
they continued in the Darknefs of PiimM-^
vhnfti^nsV who itt thdfr^t^u^ h^d b«?^hiM
E a ~ ■ pbjefts
"I \
n
■\
£ $a 3
ptiieds.pf the Dcyil's Rage, and his Inftru-
mcntS; Jfor delivering of Oracles ; aqd they
jbave Qwn'd to uie, that the Devil tormented
them, (o butrageopfly, that -they admirM they
could jpiut-live it. They never could give. mr.
any Account of the Anfwers the Devil aeliver*d
by ^Tfteir, Mouth,, nor pf what hapned whilft
|ip,.Jiad-Poireflioit o£ their Bodies. iTjiey were
then fo much belide themfelves, that thev h^-d
no free Ufe of their. Reafon or Senfes, and they
had'n6\Share in \^hat the Devil ifpoke and aftecJ
jinthem. ,
< Perliaps prejudic*d and incredulous Perfons,
will not think fit to give much Credit to th^
;Teflimony o! thefe good Indians • hut I, wh<^
ani thoroughly acqiiainted with their IhnocehT
cy^a^d; Sincerity, t,who am a Witnefs of their
Virtue, and who cannot Jc now without com-
mring them to the Chriftians of the Primitive
Times, fliould very much fcruple to Jiefitate one
Moment about, the Validity of what they af-
fert. They. wQulid think themfelves guilty of
an lieihbus Sin, fhould ^'hey impofe upon their
GgwAu, ov fpiritual Diredor; and it is moft
certain, that thofe I have examin'd are fo nice-r
ly confciehcious, that .the very Apprehenfion of
Sin pu'^s them into fuch Uneaiineis, that we find
it ^ difficult Matter CO quiet them.
-^ji Is «k not a great Satisfaction to us to behold
not ctfily the Fervor, but even the Miracles of
the primitive Church renewed before our Eyes ?
l|qw, \nifch Joy muft it be for thofe zealous
Perfbiis, who contribute towards the Mainte-
nance of the Miflioners, and of thofe fervent
Chriftians, who afllft us in our Apoftolical La-
bours,* to hear that the Glory of the Religion,
l^w^rd* which they contribute bv their Bounty,
^ ' fo * *' * fpreads
fpreads itfelf fo brightly in the Countries of In-
fidels. I am fatisfy'd, that no Man makes it
more his Concern than you do, Reverend
Father, and that you will be pleas'd at my
having given you an Account of the Vidories
our Holy Religion gains in India over the Pow-
ers of Hell. You have labour*d too ifluch co-
wards eftal^lifliing the Triumbh of thc'Crofs of
Jesus GijJRtJSt, to be iallnfible to; wharf
have faid. However, rhis is but an Effay,
which I will render cc 'pleat > if you defire iu
when I fliall return to India. ' I am with much
Re/ped - ^, ^ ^
RevehendFatheji, "^ " '
. lour moft Hiimblc ia l^aoiiiiM
ajtid moft Obedieni:
Sen^aiit in our Lord,
. y.y. BOUCHET'rMieRonex
' ; of the Society 6( JESU S.
t
:i 1
^j
H
'I ■ >i
E 3
THE
•
£S4 3
^ iWi-X...
THE FIRST
«jTsvi-ivi /R; ■^jfj-
t^. ...... .;..; Prom
i.
Father MARTIN'
Miffioner of the SOCIETY of
TO
ilj'W
l^eVIl
Pf t?ie fame SOCIETY,
Reverend Father;
Weffings God beftows on our lT
Joimiev I tont r«fi,- /- V 1- ^^'ter, of the
LT ff 1 3t^t** ^^^"'^ Coromandel, and
liiere, jf l piftak not, my Letter conckded
ry of
■^1
ry.
I in the
iir La-
' fliould
, audi
toion.
of the
?/, and
C$5 3
It remains to acquaint ypu now with \vhat has
hapned remarkable fince then. ^
I fet out from Corontandel on Shrove-Tuefday^
to return to the Mi/Hon appqinted for mc.
About Midnight I came to the Bank c^ a Ri-»
ver, which we were to crofs. The Darknefs
was the Occafion of our getting into fuch 4>
deep Place, that the Water was up to our
Necks, and we fhould never have gpt out,
had not God peculiarly proteded us.
It is abfokitely neceflary CQ take tlje Advan^ Europe
tage of the Night to get far from the Coafts, ans </t-
which are inhabited by Em^p^amy for £bpuld^"'''*
we happen to be feen by the Gentik. they
would not fail to upbraid us with being Prm^
^uisi fo they call the Europeans ; and that tl^r
tion once cooceiy'd, would render us contemp-
tible in their Eyes, and give them fi;$h a Hor-^
ror for otwi Heligionj as could never h^ remo-»
ved..
Having triiveird fome Time,. I fpejjt the reft
of the Night at a Farm? that was at the Eo-
trance into the Village. The Cold I had taken
in pafling the River put me into an Ague*
which frighted the Chriftians that were withi
me. I had Occafion for fome fire , but wt
durft not light any, for fear of drawing the
Gentils to our Cottage, for they would fooil
have guefs'd frora whence I came ; wherefofc
I fet out again two Hours before Day, an4
made another long Stretch, which tir'd xn^
very much.
It was God's Will to infpire me tp take fu'::^
long Journeys. Towards the Evening we fp^ '-i
four or five Perfons on our Right, making gr?at;
Hafk to m&^t us. Alt ^ril we took them to be
I
K :rkll^k^AM*
• l».«^ a^vf^/X J*\\ *t«.«^/^ lDI/« «•>««« . l*«BJB*i ^^m^^m
r?fj E 4 Fear
I
^■J^v^
r^ftLT '°°" *•"*' ^<"^ *ey "'e'* Chriftians
haftmg for m to go to affift a Chriftian Woman
»hl / IT U"? ** °« "'^ *y Way with
them, and about Night came to the Bank of a
~^'h'!k *r T «?'' ^°'"^- '^''-'her they had
remov d the/ick Woman, becaufe it woul/have
been dangerous to go into the Village, the In-
habitants whereof are almoft all of them Ido-
inff^M , "t.'""" to Chriftianity. I was much
niSl^M^u ""r S??'' Difpofition, and having
.Ja^^^^^?^^ ^^^" when Ireach'd thut Place,
andfound there a /^(^./«^«./. Jefuir, call'd F. Bar^
tholdm, who labours in thatMiffion with extra-
ore inary Zeal He told, from what Danger
Providence had delivered him. He went v?ry
wr y m the Morning to his Confeffion Seat ,
^.^^i'' ^ ^^^'"^L^ ^^^'^^^^ w«h a fmail
.K A ^l^^^Jy that \oqU into the Court of
the Church, and whither the Chriftians refort
on^ by one to make their Confeffi6n. Shaking
^Pim. 2f ^^^^' Skin, on which we ufually fif,
^'f' -^here came out a great Snake or Serpent, of that
Sort which the Portuguefes call Co^r^ Capelo.
They are venomous in the higheft Degree, and
the Father would certainly have been bit, had
S.\ T.^""?".,?" ^^^ ^^''" ^^'^hout taking it up.
The Mud Walls of our poor Houfes! often
draw fuch Guefts, and expofe us to be-bitby
them. In- my laft Letters I meiition'd feveral
very remarkable Inftances of this Nature, which
may luffice to convince you, that it h a Danger
^^;^»:^. frequently fub/eatp in the Miffion of
That &)rt of Serpent I fpeak of is morecomi
mon in circle Pamtha^ -in any oth^r of.lndta.
Cobra
Capelo
Jecount
bccaufe the Indians fancy that they are confe-
crated to one of their Gods, and therefore pay
them a Sort of Woirfhip, being fo careful in pre-
fcrvingthem, that they are hd at the Gates of
their Temples, and even in their Houfes. They
call that fort of Serpent NaUa Pambou, which
fignifies, good Snake, or Serpent ,• becaufe, fay
they, the good Fortune of the Place where they
live depends on them. Yet, as good as they are,
they do not fpare to be the Death even of their
Worfhippers.
The fpecifick Remedy againft the Bite of thofe AntUof
5nakes, and many other venomous Creatures '??^'"^
there are in /W/V/, is call'd Veia-Marondouy that^'^'"*
IS, the Remedy againft Poifon. It is more in
Ufe among the Ghriftians than among the Gen-
tils, becaufe the latter immediately have Re-
courfe to invoking of the Devils, and an infinite
Number of other Supcrftitions, which they are
much devoted to,- whereas Ghriftians only make
Vk of natural Remedies, among which, this I
have mention d has the firft Place. It is report-
ed, that It was a ^yoghi, or Heathen Penitent,
"^^^ ^^^^^^<^^'^^'d that Secret to one of our
Jrlt Miffioners,; in Return for a confiderable
Service he had done him.
^ The Idolaters do not make ufe of fupcrftitious aarm^
Charms only againft the Bite of Serpents, but fo, Cure.
in- aimoft all their I>ikzks. One of the great-
elt Troubles the new Ghriftians, who Hvq among
the Gentils have, is to hinder their Pagan Kin-
dred, when they are fick, from making V(e of
luch Means. Sometimes when ihey are afleep,
or famt away, they tye about their Arms, Necks,
^^. f f t, fome Figures and Pieces of Writing,
S!!:-. ^^f 'Tokens of fome Corapaft with the
■^v V ii. /iS ioon as t hofc Pnticnts come to the.m-^
felvcs.
i
C$8 J
felvcs, or awake, they arc fure to tear off thofe
fcandalous Charaders, and will rather chufe to
4yc than to recover by fuch vile Means. There
are even fome of them who will not receive na-»,
tural Remedies from the Hands of the Gentils,
becauff they often make them with fuperftitious
Ceremonies.
I ftaid but half a Day at Coumur, and fet; out
the next Morning, pafling by the Town> where
two Months before , in my Way to Pondkheryy
I had baptiz'd two Infants, and a Youth who
was juft expiring.
Being Sn hafte to reach Comampaty, the Place
of my new MiiTion, I travell'd fo faft, that the
next Morning I was on the Bank of the Celorau.
This, at fome Times of the Year, is one of the
greateft Rivera and the moft Rapid ; but at
others, it fcarce deferves tKe Name of a Brook,
When I pafs'd it, nothing was talk'd of but the
famous Vi(tory lately gained by the talavai,
who is Princ^, or Governor-General of 'Tiche.-*
ra^ly, over the Forces of the King of Tanja"
mnry which had like to have occafion'd the Dif-
grace of that Prince's prime Minifter, who
is one of the moft cruel Perfecutors of Our
Holy Religion. The Thing was told mc after
this Manner, and the Method us*d by that Mi-
fiifter to deliver himfelf from the Danger he was
in, will make his Chacader known to you, and
give a Notion of what we may apprehend from
to fubtle an Enemy.
Jkeomt The lalavai had incamp'd on the North Side
l^i/^^'^f the River, to cover his Kingdom agairift the
Army of T'anjaour, which ravag'd all the Coun-
try about ; but whatfoever he did, he could
not hinder the Incuriions of an Enemy, who
->' '• • • • • /-s /__ Tj
^^iviiiry- ine
therefore
tie.
VJ
u:
una
hi
i
I 59 3
therefore concluded, that the beft Way w.is t6
give a Diverfion , and accordingly he imme-
^^atdy refolv d to repafs the River; which wis
then very Jow,inx>rde. to fpread a Terror in
wfth f 'K T ""^ ^n"'«\ This he perform'4
With fuch Secrecy, that the Enemy knew no-
thing of his paffing, till they faw hk Troops
drawn up on tlie other Side of the River, and
& ^"u P^^^'^^^ ^yo the Heart of the King^
dom, which ws left dcfencelefs. Thtt unexl
pe<aed pairing broke ;^n their keafttres. There
Was no other Reflpcdy but to crofs the Rim al^
l^„ *"4'u?"'^ ^^ ^!?^ ^^'^^ <^^ ^^^^ own Coun-
!fj' .u '^ wa^refolv'd on, but they pitch'd upr
on the wrong Ford, and befides. the Rains
which had lately fallen on the Moui^tains of Ma^
w t-\-'^^'i;^5?*''^^<^^^^^^i^^tis. fweira
^ io high, at the Time when the Army of Tan^
jaour was attempting to pafc that many of the
t^oot, and fome of the Horfe were carry'd away
W the^ Stream. The TaUvai perceiving th«
Confufion thejr were in, fell on, and found it
PQ difficult Matter tp break them. It was ra- j
ther a Rout than a Battle, and the Defeat wasi',?'
mow d by the ravaging of the greateft Part of
tne iVingdom of Tanjaour.
The King inrag'd to be thus overcome by a
r^rr i "u "* r?? ^''""^ ^*^^ ^' ^^gan violently
nf v^?^K?f^'i^'3^' ^ ^^ ^^^^ the Capacity
of his Prti^ie Mmifter Balogi, or, as others caU
him, Vagop Pandtden. The great ones, who
hated, and had^confpir'd againft him, height- -
ned that Jealoiify to the utmoft, and laid all the
111 Succefs of that War at his Door. Bat BahgL
nothing jiauntcd at the Confpiratacs carry'd ^
«»wii«w AiiAUi Went privately to the King: Srri
'^"' faid
! ' ^
Cfo3
did he to him, with much Aflurance, JwWlaf
down my Head on a Scaffold, if I do not concludir
a Peace with the Enemj in eight Days. The Time
he demanded was Ihort, and the King granted
it»
Dexte. That able Minifter immediately fent his Se-
rityof cretaries to the Principal Merchants in the City,
M&'V^^ ^^"V> ' ?'^^""g ^^^^ "^ ^hem to lend
* 5,*™^.confiderable Sum of Money, on Pain of
Confifcation of their Eftates. He rais'd all the
Money he was able among his Kindred and
Friends 5 he alfo drew a confiderable Sum
from the Kmg s Treafury. In fliort, in lefs
A^ J^"^ P^y«> he gathered near five hun-
dred •Thoufand Crowns, which he immediately
made ufe of to gain the Favour of the Queen of
Ttcherapaly, and corrupt moil of her Council,
but chiefly to gain the Father of the talavai, a
Man more covetous than can be imagin'd. He
managed the Affair fo well, that before the
eight D^s were expir'd, the Peace was conclu^
dad at Ttcherapaly, with the King of Tanjaour,
before the TalavM knew any thing of it. Thus
the conquer'd gave Laws to the Conqueror,
and the Mini^.r was reftor'd to the greateft Fa-
vour with his Prince. His Power became more
abfolute than ever, which for the future he made
nlc of to ruin almoft all the Great Men in the
? n "V ^"^ ^° P"*^ ^^^ Chriftians under a
cruel Perfecution, whereof I will givt you an
Account at another Time.
Cou- After many Fatigues, I at laft arrived at Co«-
?v T; ^^^'/'^f^' formerly one of the flourifhing Church-
L. «of theMiffiooj butnowalmoftruin^bythe
continual Wars, and many Difturbances amonc
the fevcral Lords living in the Woods. F. st
tft^ CarvaUoh^s. -haH tUp rhorn-*. «f *u.,* /^i ^u
"'"*' for
'1.
I6i ]
for three Years paft. The firft Year he baptii'd
above feven Hundred and Sixty Perfons, the fe-
cond a Thoufand, and the third a Thoufand
two Hundred and Forty.
The continual Toils of that Miffioner pre- j
vailed with his Superiors.to fend him for fome Mm
Eafe to Aour, to affift F. Bouchet, who was al-
moft fpent with continual Labour ; but F. Car^^
vallo not fo fatisfy'd, obtained Leave to go found
new Churches in the Weftern Parts of the King-
dom of Madurey along the Mountains which
part the faid Kingdom from that of Maiffour,
The Air there is peftilential, and there is a Want
of almoft all Neceflaries for Life. Neverthelefs,
that Father has already founded two Churche;^
there ; the one in a great Town, called Totiam;
the other in the City of Tourcouvy Capital of
the Dominions of a Prince caird Leretti.
It was about Mid-lent, when I took Pofleffioi^
of the Church of Comampatu Tho *the Town is \
very little, yet the Lords of it are powerful, and
have always been redoubted by the Princes
round about them. Being Robbers by Vro-Rohhrt
feffion, they make Excurfions in the Night, and h Pro*
plunder all the circumjacent Country. How-^^*"'i
ever, tho* fo remote from the Kingdom of God,
as ingagdin fuch wicked Pradices, they have
a Kmdnefs for the Miffioners. Of them we
hold the Spot of Land our Church ftands on.
The Town cannot be well infulted, becaufc
furrounded by a very thick Wood. There is
but one Avenue to it, very narrow, andfhutup
with four or five Gates, like Watlings, which 5
would be hard to force, were they defended by
Spldiers. He who is now Lord of the Place,
has loft moft of what was left him by his An-
cewors, through hh want of Conduit and De-
bauchery ;
bai-chery ; but he has ftriaiy preferv'J the Rc-
fpeft and Affeftion they infpir'd in him towards
the Mi/fioners.
It being requifite to crofs four or five Leagued
through the Woods to come to Connampaty, that
dangerous Way is fometimcs a Pretence the
more lukewarm Converts make ufe of toexcufc
themfelvcs from coming to Church on the ap^
pointed Days ,• and tho'' they are fecur'd from
anylnfult, by only declaring, that they are go-
ing to offer up their Prayers in the Church of
the True God, and to viCit the Souamis, (o they
caH the Miffion^rs ; yet the leaft Accident that
befals any one of them is fufficient to tcrrif^^
all the reft. ..-.:.
It is this that prevail'd with R Simon Cari}dl^
« to refolve to build a Church in a Place nearti*
to Tanjaour, or at leaft in fome Place that may
be come at through the open Country, not fub-
jed to that Prince, or expos'd to' the Excur-
fions of the Robbers. The Place he has pitch'd
upon to build that Church, is beyond the Ri-
.^,,ver, not far from a Town c^U Elacourvkhi^
--and at the Entrance into a Wood, belonging
to the Prince oi Arielour, othetmfe call'd m^^
_ T^jie Father had already obtain*d- Leave of
the Prince to grub up a certain Spot of Lan4
rhere. I caus'd the Work to hf carry'd on M
very next Day after my Arrival there, defi^ii-
mg to return to it after the Eafier Holyday^.
and to ftay there till the Uiddlt of June, which
IS the Time when the River begins td fwell
with the Rains, which then fall on tl e Mouu't
tains of Malabar. Thus my Diftrift is coni^
^^^ ?%ii^^^^"i^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ Princesi
fix>. Oi. Priadurei wf TanjaQur, and of Naynof.
Thefef
'/''
C f>i ]
There are reckned to be in that Part no Irfe
than thirty Thoufand Chriftians. The extenf t, r
of Ground being very large, there a« fteqTn ,t^r
Perfecutions, and when I took Poffeffion of the
Church, there were two aftually a Foot, and ».
third was threatned. *
J^J^^^^^T^ intheProvince <^Chondanar».
^tvJtf F-""" ?*"• '^""S the Number of
the Faithful mcreafe, confpir'd todeftrov them
and accordingly feiz'd feme, baftinadoTotfe
and ingag'd under^their Hands, not to fufiS
^Iv °A''^ the Country to imbrace Chri^
S' ^'''J:'^«''erorder'd, that. thofe who
had aone ,t already flwuld either renounce it.
or be expell d the Towns. They ^ had alfo
tTerht^'^'^Pf '"J^"^" *« Church, but
the Chief Man of the Town, who was a Chri-
flian , vigorouflvr oppos'd that which tended
to the uter DeAruftion of Chriftianity there "
and at length by his IntereftprevailU^'** ..
»?c r f ■''' *^^^'^^";?' ""'' <"> that .Account
was ufeful to all the Country, had the Courage
them, That it was the higheft Injuftice to oer-
- fccuteaLaw, whofe Maxtas were fo holy and
foconibrmablet.Reafon, as teaching esl^oSg
no Man, to do good to all, even .o thofe who
..'jure us, to own and ferve the trae God, td
4.U r w° ^"^ '" Authority. . r ■. , ;.' . , 3
Holv Fait^'"J"T''* ^y.'^'" "«*^ ^-^^riarU-f
W net \?''^ '"'" C"'='' ^n Anfwerasper-««A.
haps never before came from the Motfth of the/"",
moft barbarous and brutal Gentils. tie Rtm
v>hy ^e hate that Lav.,-^ they, is teL^tt
««/. «-«-rf thereine tt ij ws mulideft^ij H, If it
IXQIlld
\
C ^4 ]
Vfouid alhvi m to rob freely ; if it did difpenfe with
.,.- cur paying the Tribute -which the King exaBs ; // it
taught m to be revengd on our Enemies, and to give
way to our PaJJions, without being exposed to thtt
Confequences of Debauchery, we would heartily im-*
brace it ; but becaufe it fo feverely curbs our Incli-
^ nations, therefore we rejeB it, and do command you
the Catechiji to depart the Province immediaetly. I
win be gone, faid the Catechill, fince you oblige
me; and do you look for another Phyficia- to take
Care of you, and to cure your Difeafes cu I have
done.
. The Governor of the Province, by Means of
iome Prefents, order'd, that all People ihould
be left at Liberty to imbrace a Law which com-
manded nothing but what was juft ; yet our
Enemies would not repeal their Decree, and
we were fatisfy'd, for fear of worfe Confe-
anfianey quences, to let Things reft as they were. The
jf Cbn- Conftancy of our Converts has been wonder-
ful ; one of them was ftveral Times cruelly
fcourg'd', his Fingers cramp'd with Cord$> ^nd
his Arms burnt with lighted Torches, but Jie
never was fhaken in his Faith. Another, who '
was a Carver, could never be prevail'd on to
work at the Triumphal Chariots of their Idols;
for which Reafon they k\zd and abus'd him,
pillag'd his Houfe, ravag'd his Land, and ex-
pell'd him the Town. He went away joyful,
Jiecaufe he had loft all for the Sake of J e s u s
Christ; retir'd into a neighbouring Pror.
vince, where a rich Man, who was acquainted
with his Skill, took him into his Houfe, and
' found him in Work. Some Time after, thofe
who had treated him fo cruelly, intreated him
to return and he Ihould be receiv'd with Ho- .
mi
ght
might perhaps oblige Kim-to work at their Ido-^
Imous Contrivances, and he lad rather remain
iTT ^^ '^^^' ^^^" ^^ be expos'd tp that,
This gcnerpus Jiifoiution preraird up^^^^^
lukewarm Chriitian to make a more op'-n Con-
;^ifion of Chriftianity than he had done before.
He was the Chief of a V^Uag^, and all thofe
«^ho have any Land about pay him a yearly'
Acknowledgment, which obliges him on his
Jart once a Year to treat all his Tenants. That
Entertainment is attended by fome Ceremo-
nies, which favour much of Heathen Superfti-
tion. Among the reil was one no lefs infa-
F.?A .'^^/?,.^^^^<?"l^"s. The Founder of the p;^;,„
ro a m an his Body after an extravagant Man- remonyj
r^Zat a i' '" T ^^"^"i"' ^^^ ' ^^ after his
Guefts, ftrikmg them with it, ,and fhriekingas
r2t ^' ^u'^l ^ -^^ ^ Mad-man, or one jSif- ,
Ir t ^^^" ^^;*^ ^^ f»^ to all the Houferof
the Towiji making t Thoufand ridiculous and;
ho/ewcr lafpvious and indecent Geftures. The
Women, wh^ ^e at their Doors to be' Sneda-
tors of tks Speaacle, , bear with all thaJ Buf..
foonry, without the Icaft Bafhfulnels ; they,
^ven falute him as zBcity,. imagining that one
of their G^dis p^ilefe and forces him to make
all thofe Grimaces, and put himfelf into all
thofe extravagant Poftures. Such are the Ce-
renjonies of . fhat folemn Entcri;ainment:
1 he Chriilian I fpeak of would never be con-
Cieni d in-^ofe ^dions fo unbecoming his Re-
i^ion. He thought it enough to give the En-
tertainmejit, at which there was nothing fu-
perUitious, sng.then withdrew, that he might
Secoui
Perfecu
iion.
mk- 'participate in thfrFolJiesof the IdMater^.
Tfte€oi»pany a|>pomt^d another in his Place,
who |5fcrform*d the mad Ceremonies I have
mention d. Hereupon fome Enemies to Chri^'
itianky refolv*d to complaiH-of fern, -alledcine
j?^^^i^ ^^^^ '^ ^'^ '^'^^^ ^ receiving the afore-
faia^Ac4inowIed§mentsfor the Villate if he dia
nbt perform tht cGereAk)nies. Thi* ftartled him
fti i^iidi, th-at he us'd ail his Endeavours to per-^
ffi^eme, there was no Harm in running abouf,-
and malie Grimaces to fatisfy thofe People,
Ifrice \i^, only did it for Paftime, without any^
Idolatrous Defign. All I could fay tothe con-'
trary would have had no Fitea on hife-, butthc
Example of the other Chriftian I gave an Ac-
^2^^t ^c ^^^^^^> wrought fo ftrongly upon him,
that he fell ddwn at my Feet, protefting that th6?-*
the J.dolaters would even difpenfe with him ai^
to thbfe vile Ceremonies, he would freely re-'
fign alt h^s Right to.thofe Advantages' he had
hl^^e^poilefs'd. A Man muft be fehfifele ^<iW^
fcftld thole Peopk are of fuch Rights and Ad^
j^ntages, to judtr- vtrhat Violence that Chri-^
Iftaninu^ do to-nimfdf in renouncing^ of rHem •
m Governor of a Town^fkj^td'Chitakmi/
' ^f^^-^-r ^^^^'Vff^^thnm tWothet Part of
the Biftna mit¥ ihy Charge. Chriftianity had ^
been iritrodiic'd^ t%e bbt a few fers before -
A GdldMiths Wife/ whofe Na«i« #as Mout-^
tat, Which /ignifks A/^r^^m --bcii^p herfeif
ccmVerted, had> S^lfo- con'*rerted lier Husbandi
1 hey encourag'€f eadh 'bother to InCreafe the^
Nu^mber of the taithfm ,- he among the Men,
and file among the Women. ' Their Arguments^
and Example had gain'd above Forty over to^
thj Faith, in left than two Years. The Wo-"
matt particularly appear'd as sicaloHS as our Ca-:
techiils.
tQchihs. Bht had
Un
in our Churches. That fmall ConareSn
pel had been fitted up, and there thev Drav-y
^d Uftned to the I^rudions of S S^
t1,P^'!?' ^-^ f^'^y Admittance into moft of
K there" *^^°^"' ''^ "^"^ °f ''o™^
k^ !'.aT "" *^ "^^^ extraordinary Succefs-
to 'embrace Cffr^""'' T^ ftvera[ Families
ChrS P?"""""^' .'^^ "»Sht them the
W,J!l "'*'/''"'■?'''' thatisPfKr, to in- .
tv with "^ "° 7 ^1"^.- «•= /"fo^^y that Du-
ty with more Zeal than Difoetion. The Go-
IferW V"?™'''>^.i*' '■^"' for him! mid
at.er fome Words, order'd him to be fcoure'd
t^enceT.'' ^T' ?'""'^' ^'* invinlkla-
hkTc'ut ^'Jf." 'hey went about to take oiF
his Toupet,, which IS a Piece ot Callico the /;:-
^/««y wrap about their Wafte, he gave the Per-
hTthre'w Z' i'^"^ 'T " '^'' 'Thruft, th«
er, frri ''n'^- . Immediately the Soldi-
out of thfr' "TPl' beat and drag'd him
out of the Town by the Hair, where they left
Th^fJ. Vf"^"^^« t" return thither
een^a P "? '° ''^^l ''^^" '^ Forerunner of a
fheCrv! ''""°"' but a Calm cnfu'd, ai ,i
the Governor went no farther. However, to
prevent .11 Confequences, I made Clica ion
to the Governor-General of the Province a
Sa':" Tf"v-r""i"'-'' ^'^«^'' 'ow«d"chri!
Ws i 1/ Y-'^' ^.''f ' *"'' 'he fmall Pre-
vxpca j tor the Goremnr rsP i-l,o T'
y^**«*«' aiMiB^B _
F 2
'--iv X v.vii was or—
order'd
hold
Idols,
OrderM no more to difturb either the Catechift"
or the Converts*
A:nong very many I bapti2*d was a Lady of
the Court> call'd Minakehiamal, a great Confi-
dent of tne Queen*s Mother, who had appoint-*
ed her, as it were, Prieftefs of her Idols, for
her Bufinefs was to wafh, perfume, and place
them according to their Quality; when Sacri-
fice was to be offer'd to them, (he was to pre-
fcnt Flowcts, Fruit, Rice and Butter to them,
and to take fbecial Care not to fc.^et any
one, left the Idol fo forgotten fhould be of-
fended, and bring a Curfe upon the Royal Fa-
mily. She was marry 'd to one of the great
Men of the Kingdom, but a Difgrace which
hapned to her Husband, and his taking another
\Ji(c, tho' at the fame Time he refpeded her
as the firft, made her refolve to imbrace Chri-
ftianitv ; but becaufe fhe could not after that at-
tend the IdoISi /lie excus'd her felf to the Qupen,
alledging her want of Health, and by that means
was exempted from that Pagan Duty. Piety
inducing her to make fomePrefent to the Church,
file thought fit to adorn an Image of the Blef-
fed Virgin Mary with a Padacam of Pearls and
Rubies. The Padacam is a Sort of Ornament
the htdian Ladies wear about their Necks, hang-
ing down on their Breafls. It is our Cuftom,
not to admit of any Pr^fents the new Converts
offer, even to the Church, to convince them
that we feek no Intereft, and accordim^Iy I re-
fused it, ufing as an Argument, that an Orna-
ment of that Value would move the Genti'^: t<>
raifc a Ptrfecution, that they might rifle our
Church. All I coiild urge did not prevail with
her, fo that the Jewels were delivcr'd to a
Goldiinith to mab that Or iiamcnt j but it hap-
^:
%
iiwd
'4
ned as I had fai-1; for a Perfecution foon frf.
lowd J the Goldfmith's Houfe was plusde?..
and MnakchiamaFs Generoflty became a Prev
to a Pagan Soldier. ^
in I'l'i^*4yj'?W we, that feveral Poets being
haH i!,5"^' ^^'^"^ ' '•^^'■"'"g the Verfes they
had made m Honour of their falfe Gods, the
n pi:J^ "*'"'"? ''""'^'f «P°" his Judgment
midfty;K'V"\"°^^" Poe? ftood up in the
Ofirmgs and your Praifes on maginary Deks,Goi' '
vjhuh deferve none of them. The %nly Soverekn "' ''«-
fe,ns ,s to k vzon'd «, the true God, he alone L'fi'^ !*
ferva yourHo,nage and your Adoration. " "Jfr"'
aZ ! y?'^? provok'd the other Poets, who ■
demanded Juftice of the King, for the Affi-ont
wKhV'^: ''^''- Theld^g-^nrwlvS
wnen the Solemnity was over he would ex-
th^rt w' ^T^'^- ^' ^^"^ »»^h lar-d by
Ta ^^k'*" d*" ^"J'-" Accident would have turl
ned to their Rum, becaufe the Heathens would
fhIir,°"Afi. " " u*,'* '"'" =* Contrivance of
J^L. u ■n"'^'? J"q"'fy> who that Stran-
ger was. he appear'd to be a 2r'^chm-„, of a*
Number of thofe they call Nmniguelr, tha t f
anH ^„ fr'vT"^""^-^ °"^ Sovereign Being,
^ n'f K^'^''^"'" *^™^''l ^'■Gods that IS wor^
■hip 5I by the Gentils.
K C<jWo was apprehenft e, thai the fy-'d
Poet wej'e brought before the ICintf, he would
??ni" "'"' \°, ^°^''' *= Difficulties Aridol
Zflt fiA'n''^ '^?i"g ^^"^ '» ''^fif^ him to
compos d by K de NobMm, F.-Mder of the
MiiJion of A".i,W Thar Rn,xi, ,c ..,.;. 7. S.:
very
F
^
tHW!
'"ni
C 70 3
rcry Purity of the Language, which that Fa-
ther knew to Perfedion, The Unity of God is
therein demonftrated, in fo clear, fo fenfible,
and fo convincing a Manner, that no reafon-
able Capacity can withftand it. However, the
Brachman, being conceited of himfelf, and de-
fpifing the Chriftian Religion, look'd upon the
AMance ofe'd him, as an Affront,
An Indian Convert, who was alfo an excel.*
lent Poet, had made fome Verfes expofing the
Gods worfhipp'd by thofe People, and entring
thereupon into a Difpute with a Heathen Poet,
fo abfoliitely confounded him, that he had not
one Word to fay for himfelf. He in Revenge
convey'd the Verfes made by the Convert to
the King, who was not a little jealous of the
Honour of his Gods. Thefe Accidents gave
Qccafion to apprehend a Perfecution pf the Chri-
ftians of Tanjaour ; and this was the' Pofture of
Aflairs there, when I fucceeded Father CarvaU
lo in that Mifllon. A Report being fpread a-
broad, th z King was much incens'd agairft
us, I refi to inquire into the Truth of it,
and to that ^nd, apply'd to one of the Prime
Men of the Court, whofe Name was Catihara,
a Perfon much in the King's Favour, and who
proteds the Chriftians, knd'mg four of my Ca-
techifts to him, with fome Prefents, for fuch Vi-
fits zrc not to be made without Gifts, and in-,
treating him to acqu^^int me with the King's
Defigns in refped to us , withou;: difguifmg
what we might hope or fear.
Any other but Catibara would have made u$
purchafe his Anfwer at a dear Rate -, yet that
good Lord, who is upright and difinterefted a-
bove all the Nation, fent Word, that the King
thpyght no more, either of th? Prefumption of
the
C7I]
the Brachmun, or the Satyr writ by the Con-
vert againft his Gods, being wholly taken up
with more important Affairs ,• and that fome
ot his Courtiers having - prefum'd to fay. No
King ought to tolerate flrange Religions ; his
Majefty httle regarding them, had anfwer'd,
^at he would not ufe Compulfion towards any
Wrfon, which had ftopp'd the Mouths of thofe
111 defigning People. The Catechifts return'd
^ull of Joy with this agreable News, which fct
our Hearts at Reft.
The Brother of the Prince, who is Sovereign p,,,,„^
ot Comour pretended he would embrace ^ edCot
^Uriltian Religion, and feveral Times prefs'd ^^'^^
t.Bmholdm to baptize him. That Miffioner
miltrufting his Sincerity, thought fft to have fuf-
hcient Tryal, before he would grant his Re-
queft ; and therefore told him, he muft wait
iome Time, and procure his Brother s Confent.
At :he ran.e Time it was reported, that the faid
young Prmce did not really defign to renounce
Idolatry, but was only mov'd to do what h^
propos'd, by the Love he bore a Chriftian Wo-
man, hoping that his frequent Refort to the
MiS^ner, would facilitate the accomplifhinff of
his Defire. ^
However that was, the Pradam, or Prime
Minilter of t\\^PandarataY, fo the Prince is cal-
led, jn whofe Dominions the Chuixhes of Cout-
tour and Coraly are. That Pradam, I fay,being an
ancient Enemy to Chriftianity, laid hold of that
Opportunity to incenfe the King againft the
Faithful. He told him, it was a Difgrace to
his Family , that his own Brother fiiould re-
nounce the Religion of his Anceftors, and put
himfelf into the Hands of new Teachers, whom
np rprt-aitilTT h,-,r>rrr *.^ L,. ~
Prauguifj [q jhey
F4
the
m Europeans, and reckon aJ! fuch a vile and
infamous People ; adding, rhat being then ih
want of Mony, he might enrich himfelf with the
Plunder of their Church, where the StraneerS
had certainly hid all their Wealth ; becaufe it
had never beep molefted fmce the firft Founda-
tion.
The King pl^ as'd with the Notion of%o
great a Treafure,- gkve his Minifter full Power.
Ihc Fradam fent Orders immediately to the
Mantagcinny or Governor of the Town, to
ime the Mifljoner, and fearch all the Houfe,
till he found the Treafures hidden there. Ne^
ver Order ^ was better executed. The Mania-
garen pitch d upon Simdsxy when all the Chri-
ftians were at Church, when he came upon
them with his Soldiers. Some feii'd on the
um}?"^^ f^^agging him away to the Houfe,
whilft others fecur^d all the Avenues^ beat and
Itripp d the Chriftians, taking from them the
Ornaments of Gold they wore about their
Necks, and m their Ears, and plundering their
Houfes in the Town. The Father's Houfe was
overturn d, the Walls wipre thrown down, and
they dug all about it ; yet all the Treafure they
g)und was not above fixty Crowns, being the
Fund for maintaining of the Miilloner and the
Catechifts. The Maniagaren f^cur'd that Sum',
and all the Moveables of the Church ,- which
he immediately fent to Court. The Kine,
jvho expeaed a confiderable Treafure, was
highly mcens d againft the Praianiy for ha-
ving put hi^i upx)n an A(^ion fo unbecoming
his Dignity. . ' . ^
The News of this violent Proceediiig at Co«^-
;wir Toon reach'd Cora/j, where F. Jojeph Car^
yaBQ^ cxpc<^in§ the Ume Ufage, fent what -he
^-' ^ \ ■- . ' ' .- ■ . jiad
L73 3^
fiad in his Houfe away beyond to (^olaran, and
out of the Reach of the Pandaratar. But thre^
Days palling without any Difturbance', he corf^-
diided the Court was not fo highly inc^ns'd as
had been reprefented, and therefore refolv'd to
appear before the King, and beg of him, that
he would releafe ^: Bertholtiptiy who was clofely
tonfin'd. But firft he thought it convenient to
^ive Notice to the Kings younger Brother,
who was privately an Enemy to the Fradani,
land the Protedor of the Miffioners. That
Prince, in Concert with his Sifter, whofe Au-
thority is very great at Court, perfuaded the
King to give the foreign Dodor a good Recep^-
tion, and by fome Marks of Honour to make
Amends for the Fault hfe had committed by the
Advice of his Minifter, which had fully'd the
Hotiour his Anceftors anid himfelf had gain d by
proteding of Strangers. ' -
The King, at theit Requeft, promised to do
Juftice to thofe innocent Strangers, and fending
for the Pradani, either, faid he to him, you mufl
he very indifcreet in giving Credit fo eafily to the
'Reports hought you of the Wealth of the Sanias,
or elfe you mufl be very maliciom to raife fo cruel
a Perfecution againfi them, and which is fo difad-
vantageom to try Reputation. The Pradani had
recourfe to the ufiial Calumnies y alledging that
under Pretence of Religion, they came to raifc
Difturbances among his Subjedis, in order tq
deliver up the Country to the Europeans dwellr
ing along the Coaft.
• Thefe Slanders had no Effed upon the King,
as well knowing, that the Miffioners, who have
fefided there fucceffively for above a hundred
Years, have always perfuaded the People t<* pay
Che utjnoft Submiffion and Loyalty ta their So-
i-i " / vercigns.
(
4t€ttce. you not onlv f^^i^ » ^^wnted.to Au-
*«& to his Prefe^^"'''i""S/'''">"^d P- Car.
a Seat Mdtuh'J^t """''" '"" ^'' 'l"^" °"
he allows to noTe of I^Tk^ 1" Honour which
?« «?/- ner fpoke to hZ 1^1' ^^^^"*'- The Miffio-
tour. / iKfZf:"'*'; **' ^"^"^ o/Cout-
M-d his Church, aTZuA r^nrT^'- f"'
'ot complain thm hTis awlH' tf^ ' '^
^ if he were a k"het\fIVT/'' "^ l" M^n,
flain thai the ra,u7u '" ," ^M''' i hu I com-
/ teach, JtJbZ f T *f "°' i"" ''""^ '" '«^-
'«<i Ihould think mfef h.L^t*'" *'"" ^0^'
f f So^rei^ ^:, J'£^„'f f^^^r^-^^
ftrefato the mant Cn«fvLn ^ ^'^*'' •" w
^' fo happy «. ZSttZi'^*""'/""" ^'
J r»rraK.e mthe Sufferings and Reproache,
If
C75 3
tf the DoBor of Couttour. However, fince it is
mjuft to funijh innocent Perfons, I intrgat yur
Majejiy to enquire into our Behaviour.; if you find
ft6 guilty of the Crimes laid to our Charge^ we will-
ing^ly Mmit to the Punijhment you Jhall think fit
to mfittt on m ; but if on the contrary, you (hall
thmk m innocent, do not fuffer Innocence to he any
longer opfrefid in your Dominions.
Thefe Words of the Miffioner, utter'd with
much Modefty and Gravity, mov'd the King,
2.ndth^ Pradani going about to anfwer, hefi-
u^ u ^^^ ovdttd him immediately to reftore
all that had been taken from the DoAor of
Couttour, and from his DifcipJes, to reftore him
to his Liberty, and feverely to punifli the Ma-
magaren, who had been guilty of fuch Difor-
ders. Then turning to the Miffioner, he faid
,to him, with a gracious Countenance, Let what
tspafl; be forgotten ; what my Minifler has done is
like a Cloud, which for a few Moments hid the
tight you fpead thir^ugh my Dominions j but that
'Very Cloud has only fervd to make me more fen^
fiole of the Hc\ fs of your Law, and the Purity
of your Manne, . J wiH for the future take fuch
good Order, that none of my Officers JhaU be fo au-
dactom m to difrefpeU you.
This faid, "he order'd a fine Piece of painted
CalUco to be brought him, which he gave to
the MifRoner, in Token of his Friendfhip ,- anj
then prefented him with another mu«h like the
nrlt, for the Father, who was Prifoner at Cout^
tour;^ and even the Catechilts partook of the
^ings Bounty. He not only gave them fine
loupetis, being Pieces of Callico the Indians
wear, but alfo order'd them to be mounted on
f lephants richly accoutred, and fo to be carry'd
m Triumph through all the City, that no Per-
iQtl
i'M
t 1
li
I'S (
fon might be Ignorant of his taking them and
;the reft of the Chriftians into his -Royal Pro-
teftion. All this was perform'd that fame Day.
and what h'. i been plunder'd at Couttour, wks
reftor d to t: .: Miffioner. Thei^ was fome more
Difficulty m getting the Ornaments of Goid
and Coral, belonging to the Converts, out of
the Hands of the Pradani ; bat at length, after
feveral Demands made, all, or the greateft Fart
wasreftord. °
• Thus the Perfecution ofComtour ceas'd, foon-
cr than we could h ve hop'd. Give me Leave
here to conclude this Letter, which is already
but too long. I fhall continue for the future t6
give you an exaft Account of all that may con-
mbute^to your Edification, and am, with much
Re VE REND Fa th
Your moft Humble
£R,
and moft Obedient
Servant in our Lord,
F. MARTIN, Miifioner
pf the Society of JESUS,
A SE-
lem and
yul Pro-
ne Day,
»r, was
ne more
)f Gold
out of
^, after
eft Fart
U foon-
i Leave
already
ttiire t6
ly con-
1 much
SE-
^77 1
■^ ■ "ifr ;
TTT
J
'>
A S E C O N I>
PROM
*■• *•* ''.
Father MARTINA
• ■>
Miffioner of the S OCt E T Y o£
jESVSinlndia, i
■Ti ,"•''
T O
r^
iJnsi'
■r.;o:>
..lot
F. de VILLEITEi
Of the fame SO C IE X IJ"-
R E V £ R E N D F A T H E R j " ^f ? <*^^ ^' '^ ''^''''
TH E Perfecution rais*d^ againfi iha
Chriftians of Couttpur \!ic^t.m^^,i
Counampatj, as I acquainted yoii m
my former Letter, whithc;r fuch z
multitude of People reforted tp the Celebxa-
tion of Eafler , that there would have bceii
t.mployment enough for, feveral Miflionersi
m I had all the Aifift.ance I ^guld from
the
.■M(Mn
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-S)
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1.8
L25 14 1 1.6
„ 6"
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Sdences
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#
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V
i'^J^
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'<?)
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
(716) 872-4503
<^
;^1%
^ ^
WJ'.r
^
^
the Catechifts, fome of whom were employ*d
in difpodngthe Catechumens for Baptifm,whilfc
6ttT£rs'1rrmreral Parts 6f the Court were m^
ftruding the new Converts; for if theMyfte-
ries of our Re|igi^n:ar^ hot often expounded to
them, they foon forget them. I caus'd the Hi-
ftoty ^f dBT^avlbti^V Paffi<m td bt daily r^atf
tooKthy ^4l^§ ^'^^^ very mbving Meditatioas
f;ol(ipos*d\oillbat Sebjed byiii ancient Mii35<>-
ner. Thofe Meditations are calculated to the
Capacity of the Indinwy who Hften to them with
the greateft Attention^ arid all Tokens of fm-
cer^ "f €»de«iiefs. - , r. -
f^'^^h^A 5|pyr? we /ang the Sufferitigs of
our Lord, and then pray*d for the Neceffities of
ttie Miffioiiy paftkularly recQijimending to God
t!k Churches dfeor^^' ^nJcot/tfowr, then under
Perfecution^5;^^I qu^i&Vpo^, but the fer-
vent Prayers of the Converts obtaiilM the cea-
fafthtg^ fing of it fo foon. Some of them us'd all Sorts
«pc. of Aufterities, and tho' they have been diipen-
fed with a&tothe Rigoair.of J'afting, on Ac-
count ^fie fcoKh%g*lkat^^f^ih^^^ Cl%iate,
and dienLightnefi of their'Diet, yet are there
fome wlp throughout, the^whole Lent eat no-
thing hkt md anti Mei^s ill feafond, ^yiy
once a Day. I have known them faft two
whole Days in the Holy .Weeb without taking
any §u{lenance> which L take Care to forbid,
6e<;aofe-'rt''pften weakens them fo much, that
tiTey ftndiituch Difficulty to recover it, and yet
Fcamiot ait^ays moderate their Zeal.
ChAvity. Sucli a^'ai-e wd.i to prafs, ^ive Alms every
Eray in Lent lb a: certain Number of Perfons ;
5)tfte toFiVe^iiiRemembratjte of the five Wbifnds
df our Saviour; others jfo Thirty Threfe,- on
|Lcjcounr. 6t Air living fo* many Years upion
Earth;
't79l
Earth ; and fome to Forty, for the forty Day*
he fafted in the Defart. The Alms confifts in
Rice and Herbs ready drch*d, which they pu^
into large Difhes, and difh^ibutc it themfeivc*
with Angular Piety. . ..
ThoTc People are extremely concerned whcri*
we are oblig'd to defer^iving them Abfolution-
they life all Arts for obtaining it, even to re-
veal their Crimes to the Catechifts ; bur a Mif-
lioner ought to be careful how he complies with'
them. We will pafs by many Particiilars o£
what was done that Holy Week, and to men-:
tion the Numbers that were baptized ; but f
cannot forbear taking Notice, that among the
'I I • ^/!?^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ Vimge came' '
With his Wife to defire me to admit them inta
the Number of the Faithful. They told m^
Aey had long been fenfibie of the Truth of ouf>
Hply Religion , but that, worldly Cbnfiderai
tions had kept them in their Idolatry, but they
co^d no longer withftand their inward Call.
The good old Man added one Particular, c^^iPu.
which denoted his folid Judgment, an<t the«^|^
lirm Kelolution he had made to live as became^*"**"*
J good Chriftian. / Mieve,. faid he, tbat what
haa movd the Lord to iook upon me with Eyes •/
Compajjton, is y that having above fifteen Tea^^
fince heard the MiffioneTs and other CM films teaeh^
fbat Theft .oui difpleafing to t 'je true God ; tf i
'mrou^tfo effefimUy upon me, that 1 hm>e nevef^
fittcetommitted any Sort •/ Robberyy either by mr
M,or by my Slaves, ad is praBifed by the povaef^
fill Men of our Race. Neither have Ipartahniif
the ^Robberies committed by my Children or Ki£^
ared, tho tt be a Cnfiom among us to divide amn^
ourjelves what every Man has flokn by hiittfem
They have often made a yefl of my Simplicity;
r
imm
•*•«
O^
imm
i:
1 1
4 '.
k0 fhavtahays held m% Refolmmi and Ifaf^
tincemore I am of Qpiniotti that pty fefujing to of-
^nd thi true G^4» tho\l4id not yet worpip hinti
has prevaird with him to open his Arms tq receive,
mey as unworthy as I am. The Mk of Sin\|^Ii-
city with >vhkh he irtter d thcfe Words, charm-
ed mc, and having embraced, I admitted him
into the Number of the Catechumens. . ;
The News of the ccafing of the Perfecution!
at CoutiouK iKiadc a new I^eftival for the Chri-
V ftians, who return'd Thanks to God fgr the
fame in folcmn Manner. The Pool o( Cou-
nampaty being quite dry'd up, I refolv'd to rc;-
pair to E(acot4richy, but iirft to 4ouy, to conf^^r,
there wi|h the Miffioners. about fome Difficul-'
tics I met with at firft. There I found the Fa-^
thers, £owvet^nd Carvafio, quite fpent with thcj
^ntinuai Toil of a Month. Never any i:«/*^r.
^ad been kept ^hcre in fuch; folemn M^niiC^
^nd with To great a Concourfe of People. ' JJxCj
Indians beiii^ great Admirers of PoQtiy, F. 'Both-,
'vetjizd causa the Vidpry of, IJlavid over §^-
iiah to bc^reprefentcd in Verfe,^ and it was*aU
ft'aMpng an .Allegory of the , tfiaory j e s w s
Christ ^ii}*d in his %fiirrea:ion over the
Fpwers of Hejl. It was aU inftrudive ^nd
Among the many People that reforted to it
npm all Parts, there were fcveral of a n^igh^
bouring Prpvincc, profefs'dvEnemics ^o $hc.
Prince, to whom the Town of Aour is fubjc(^
They came arm'd, and with a great Rciinue,
That unludcy Accident, and the unfuccefsfiii
Attempts ih^dc by that Lord, to extort Mony
ftom the Miffioners, incens'd him, befbre iUai-
Ic^ed towatife the Chrift^^,^ . .. , .. '
.■v«*
v„
Some
'4i
C8i J
I t?^l"1 9^?^ ^^"' of the Couiitt^ round about*'
laid hold of that Opportunity to ftir him ud
ftill more agamft the Chriftians. They m tZ
him m a thireatnirig Manner, omitting nothing
rtat might the more provoke him. // it not a
^^^fftey faid they, that you Jhould entertain in your
iJommtom a Stranger, who makes it his only Bu»^
finefs to deflroy the mrjhip of our Gods ? He /pares
f^tther Labour, nor Expence^ nor Feftivals, to raife
^ Religion on the Ruins of ours. He feems by the
Multitude of his Difciples to give Laws to you, in
your own Temtories j the very Gentils are devoted
to him i more People reforted to his lafl Feflival
than was remtifite to fubdue a whole Kingdom. Be^
fides, that foreign DoB.. has publickly affronted
our Gods. What can be more infulting, than to
reprefent to an innumerable Multitude of People, a^
y^ng Lad cutting off the Head of our God Pcrou-.
rt»al ? Even thofe who pnfefs our Religion are fm
tHjatuated by that Stranger, that they applaud him/
and clap their Hands when they fee 6ur Gods dijho^
mur d. If you are fo mean fpirited as to permit
titm any longer on your Lands, we have refolvd t9
^*M ^'W our felves by main Force.
What they proposed was very agreable to that
rrinces Inchnation, but there occurred fome
i^ifficulty in the Execution of it y for he ha-
wrded all he was worth, i{ he us'd Violence ;
becaufe on the one Hand, he had Caufe to ap-
prehend the Refcntment of th^ talavai, who
protected the Miffioners j and on the other,
his own Intereft check'd hinri. If he e^cpell'd
the Miffioner his Town, it would falUgain to
rl^a- ^^^^^^> as it had been before : all the
t-iinltians, who were come to inhabit that Dc-
icrt Place, would be fure to follow their Shep-
Wrd, and by that Meani he would deprive
O himfelf
SM» | iM! « »ifcpi | i^
IJ!
m
I
\r
himielf.pf' the. beft P^rt of his Revenue. Thefe
ii^rfrpdwetf;4yAirgMnientS'Vir;th 4 fearful Man,?
and who lov'd his owtt Intcreft* However, , In-
tercftji^ once y§it4e4 to the; Hatred he^ pore
Ghriftifliiity. ,,He jfmt; tjie JvliffipneiT Word>,
that he could no" It^nger withftand ^he Inftai^ces.
and Threats of the neighbouring great Meft>
and therefore,, in compliancy with theni> he,
cotnmanded hjpto.jbe gone out of his domi-
nions within three Days. , .vC a^ «omV ". V
-.This furpriimg Order put ii? fbmewnat ottf,
of our Byafs ; fo that ^Jv^e were fome Time wa-
ni/tring What to do» and began to think of with-
drawing j but th^ thought it was a difmal
Thing, that f<) incon^ideltaMe a Prince fhpuld
in a Moment iuin thcfinc(l and moft flouriftihg
Ghut^ iri the MiiTMyiii. The bare Name of the
'falav^ wasi fu^ciert t tcy n^ake an ImprefHon on
o*lr Perfecutot. K Rmhet was then, making a
Macliinei to mbunt a Water^Dial, v<^hich he
wa^ to . pl^fent the,7^iavai. He therefore an-
fwer'd^he Priftce, that it was needlefs to allow
him) three Days t© d€i>art his PominiohS) fince
a Quarter of an Houf would fuffice ; but that
having promis*4 the? 7^/-a^w; fome Ma«chines he
had Occafion fori .hie muft ftay till they wcr^'
fiaifli'd ; whichi 45 feon as^ donf j , he would [g6^
p^efcnt themtoi, a^iditeUr him* That beit^g in
Diferace with ^ Pjrince of .CataJoufti rwho.ba-:
niflitt him altvhi^ Dominions ;_he 5egg;d c^j
him fbme iittk Corner in. his Kingdom, whi-
ther he might retiiBp, tp build a Ghufch and a
TRown for hii Difeipies, wh<? would not ftay a
Moinient at ^oftlTj after ha was gone. -
-The Chriftiaios were fo refolv'd, and Fife Of <
SJKofthechitjfdOil'them, went to acquaint him
withiti wfaicby together With the Meifage fenti;
• " by
C 83 3
hy the MiiH<3Wer, ma^e t^at Prince t6 htthixij^
hi|iifetf„>Fpr!i?Il€nding,.at the fame T^^ th^
Lofs of his Revenue, and the Indignation ^
the T^^f^tim . Being tJujs,mpllify'di he-an('^er-'
ed, He did not; deiire the Mi/Jioner ^ouji de-
part j; (but thftt he, would nor for the tohtfie
cclebxite my fwch fol^mn Feftival$, w^ich.cLrcw
together fcr great Nunib^irs of People, aq4 jave
. -I Jealoufy tp the neighbouring great M^n. 'if hiw
EBouGbit continu*d tocxercifc his FufjSibiMp
At that Time an Acmdetit befell one of (xmShdnge
Cate^ifts, ,Whom the Father had fent t;o the^'ft^P^
Prince* which jnuch furpriz'd us. He fiad. tra-^ ^^^Cma
vellid in all the Heat of the Day,JMid being very
Thir%, waa Co jUdifcji-eet as to drink, without
the\!^mi Fre^autipns. He immediately fbuhd
hittifel£ jfei»*d .with that extraordinary Indi-
geftimii «rhi^h they e^l inin4ia MorJechinym^
to which f0ftie of the. JW»c/» have given the
Naitie .>0f il/^rj ^ c/f/V^ , that is, D.o£s J^eathit
imagining if h^d been fpeafl'd, becaufe ifcaur* ^
les a vic^ejitand (:rueliDeath- In fhort, it puts
t&e Patient t<> ^he ;npft racking Pains^ wbi<;(i
docs. fuchi Violence t^ J^J^ture, that Very, ftW
efcapei upleft thf y apply a Remedy > ^uch mi
along the- QQpk, but little kno^yn up the In^-
laaid. . . jT;hi$ Remedy is fo effeaual, that icarce
Two iiija.Himdred iriifs being fnatch*d frpryi
the Jawf 'of.Death by the AppIic^tio^V of i^.
That Difteinper is miich more commPn,ii|i,if»r
diAt\\2.i^,iXi Europe j the continual Di%aUQn of
the .^irits, occafion d by the inte^ife .He^t of
that /fore hing Climate, does fo we^ke<j.the.na^
turalHeaiTi that the Stomach is often ^niit. to
conco^^ the Suftenande it receives. The Cate-
chiil.bfiiilg thus difabled. ft^&m proceeding any
G a farther*
I
A
C 84 ]
fiu*thcf, ftay'd in :, little Town, about a League
(r6mA>ur, and fcnt to acquaint us with the mi-»-
ftrablc Condition he was in-
The News was not brought us till Kine at
Night ; I hafted away immediately to the Af-^
iiftatice of the Patient, and found him fttetch'd
out on the Ground almoft befide himftlf, and
with violent Convulfions. All the Village was
gatfcef^d about him,and every one was prcfling to
gi^'t hint feveral Sorts of Medicines, which were
properer to heighten than to alleviate his J)i'
ft^mper. I caused a great Fire to be lighted,
and wanted an Iron Rod for my Remedy, but
there being none, took a Sickle, fuch as they
ule to cut Rice and Herbs. I made it red Hot
in thcF^e, and order'd the Back of it, red Hot
as it was, to be apply'd to the Sole of his Foot,
about three Fingers Breadth from the Back of his
Heel ; and to the End they might commit no
Miftakc in an Operation, which they had never
feen perform'd, I fcor*d with a Coal the Place
to which the hot Iron Was to be apply'd. They
held it hard againft the Foot, till the Iron pe-
netrating thofe corny Skins, which in the Blacks
are extremely hard, caifte to the Quick, ar I
wa^ felt by the Patient. The fame was done to
the other Foot, with the like Precautions, and
with the fame Succefs. If it happens that the
Patient fuffers himfelf to be burnt, without gi-
ving any Token that he kcls it, the Cafe is al-
moft ddperate.
The Operation being thus perform'd, I cau-
fedthem to bring me a little Salt powdered, for
want of which, hoi Afhes may be us'd, and
ft re wing it on the two Dents made by the
Iron, had thofe two Places beaten for fome
Time with the Soles of his Shoes. Thofe who
were
C8J]
were prefent could not conceive the Viituc of
that Remedy; but they were much fiirpri^'d,
when in kfs than h^lf ^ Quarter of an Hoar,
they faw the Patient pejrfe(5tly come to himrey;
without any of thofe Convulfions, or the other
mortal Symptoms he had before; he felt no-
thing but an extraordinary Weariness, and aji
ardent Thirft. I caused forae Water to be boi-
led, with a little Pepper aiid an Oiljoni and
gave him to drink. Then having reconciftl
him, for he had been lately at Gonteffion, Ileft
ftim very cafy, and returned myfelf to Aour. The
next Day he was in a Conditwp to come to nie»
and to return Thanks to God for his Cure:
. .Perhaps you mav be pleased to liear another ^^.^y
Remedy, which I have riot tryM, but it ^is^ainjl
taught mc by MonJteurManouchi,kti2bUl4^^*\^^
tian PhyiTcian, who has gairi'd much R^^«t^ti<iH ''*• •
at the Gmt MogoPs Courts where he has rtfi&d
forty Years. lie has aflTur'd me, that his Reme-
dy is infallible ^aiiaft % Spft of Cholick. Tott
fttufi take J , lays h^, an Irfn Rjpg »/ about ah tmb
and a half Diameter ^ or thereabouts y and of a
fr<if^iona}ie Yhicknefs ; make ii^ red hot iri 'tfye
Firey qn^ f(^ing the Patient on his Bjicky apply the
Ring to hiiJ^ayely fo that the Navel may kai%
•were the Cemer fp it. The Patient luiS fioa'feelShe
Heah then take it away quickly i the fuddehke-
mjtftion that wifr^fake in the J^eSy, wiU fooh dtf^etl
aa Pain. He iipdertakes to anfwet for the tpeei .
dy Eflfea qf xUk RcmeUy; arid aflures Me he li&
.always made ufe of it in /»iw, with Succeft. '
The Perfecution which threatned the Ch^if Ch 6f , ...
Aom being over, I fet own (or Elacourrichy. '> i^ofir "
davampaty was the firft Towii t came tobri niy v
^ J A. ^^^^^ ^^ formerly a'very fineChurclL '^ '^
and Chriftianity flourifh'4 • bm: the Wars ha^
G
txiw^-,*'!
*nw
SB
I !i5
■ rained the Church, however, the Chriftian Cop-
gre§ation ftill fubfift5,.at Icaft in Pai^t.' 1 found
t^cje a great Number of CouVem, who had
buift a little Church, reforted to only byPtfrrVj,
jgjich is the meanal Race a.'m6'tig the Indians.
TJey would have had me rebirild' the former
Cni:rch, biit my Stock' would notreach. Sev<i-
nVof xhc Qentiis* j6yn:d the Chrfftiatis to
f^ndwa me 4 cohfider^le 'Wa/dtit ;bf the
''' The Ambalakuren, of'Cajptain' tif-fhc^lac^y^a
faidf ri?ed onlyiivje hljr C<m^e'iit arftf:Jid \(^ould
lipderfake f&r the retf/ 'A M'^', '4i^^X^^ tinacf-
quainted with the Ndture ^f /-^'^'-'^ « -^'-
vrtifulcf te cafily iSi^bs€on W i^'^'if^^^^ Ap^'
jPfffapte, As gciieroukis tkv«]f/^^j are'^^i^
Ptf^W?ng> they are no lefs ^h^^iilf at'iihfj-
m f r^ten^es io cosat: off from' their' Word,
il
111
^r ?^ A*^ l;Wn T;W,;ari^'d'pfiring hM to
CEoIoran
W^$. i f «'s <i. FJ%.wf much tw
^yVtf ktle WooJT W'Tms'w
c^me into
whereof arH
very
iftianCop-
r.'t found
, who had
by Par 7 as,
\xt Indians.
^'e former
ch. Seve-
rjftians to
iit bf the
tfe^ Mif-
s^i^xtraofr-
^byn 'mdi
i^Chctrdi.
Sito'tMh,
itf'bf the
-fid vlJroiild
J^;'^ imad-
•,Pe6ple,
rah Ap-
!M iirr ih
Wit ^hd-
fi^Wbrd,
ipme Ex-
^ng to
ighiStS
iii^iyf of
>K tji^p
^ih€ into
Jrcof ar^
very
C 87 3
vcrjr p^cafant to the E^. t?hty were ikl! OV^
/covef'd irith Flowtrs i)f a Sbrt of yc|kyWifls
White, and about as big<f < Otikigc Flt^wtfsr. I Odd Ef-
was ^rQM.they were' of a |deliuoiisTa^eiaji^ /<;<'</
catherittg feme found thord fWeetifh, fe^t fboft ^^*'*""''*
Sftcir ftlt-a-Sort of Giddmeffe^ my KeadV ^at
lafted ^ome iTime, and-whidilthey tf€>\4'At'Wi»
the ufual Effsd of them upon all fuch zi arf n6t
us'd to cat Hhefm. ' The FlOwfet* i$ all the Fruit
that'Ti^gc beai^y and they 'e^trii^: sin ©ylfironl
it, which is exttlknt ^rSwitiUf, ■ ' ; ^ 't;a 7:^1"
' ' I j>tocfeeded: 6n my JdUHWyfW! along the C(^
/()ri?« , aiid about Noonl ^Wd«hM £/«c««rWfW.
Th^ Gate^hiflf \^a8 very bli^ ^here, finifhing
^heGhtirth^ iVhich, VAq ^tmk all the dtherl,
i? ©hiy * gtiJt lofi^ td^ge, thatdi'd wiA
^Ruflie!y,^'^^the' End bff'^hil^fv there js'aFar-*
rition; -fb^thcMifTiofte^^'^i^ididraw intfl». ^ ^
The "fitfte Night rani^tai^ EfncourYidhI, A«t-
Vicp ^as'brought me bf' %L,^cfs from Gwl-
^n ill of ayio-»
> and Earfty ' f
tnd'' living
only j^eisicf^
^o«r, that K Benholdni
lent £>efluaion fallen 4 .
fct out iirimcdiately t6 .
fhcfr<e thVtiext Bay, percv
dy was IBksyihgj butMci^ty- c^.,:'Ufe, n0r'^
much ^s the' iKame of the Lancet is Iwiown txi
,that eii^trj^i fThdr Wiy^if fileedinfe i| ?«iy Indian
odd, an4 tl^ only ui^ ieiti flich DifteftipeK is Zf/#f</i7{f,
apjjeaf duftwardly. • \Vhfei4 any Part is ^fra^iis
they fcarr% it >yjth tlie Pdifty of a Kn^if^,> ttoeh
they ^a^ j>I v'to' it a Sort of QSb^r Cttpf;ifi§^rf*
fel, witi/ which they f uitt^ the Ai^,>«itd:A)
Uraw tf ii^^ B!5bd out of the fOre Jasf ^^^aitQ
Gafhcs- made by fcarrifyilig. ' ^ ^ ^ " ^ ': n hzd
' 0\ix 'ihdmHsp:tt(o ignOiUnt, that thcfm^ jieir Ig*
no B'iflferenee between a Venn and an At^ct^r. vor^n^a
Moft of them do not Xoow ^'•"ctl^ef ir is'«»:A5^ « /^«<
' '1
1 -il
V
C 88 ,1
tery or a Nerve that beats, r,r what i« the Oc-
cafion and Caufe of that Beating. However,
^h^TJ "''" f'^>'."'! """^ SkTllW than any
mhcr Nation, they had already apply'd feveral
^IX**''. 1° '^1* Miffioner. whicV hadTnfy
««§ L"'''^ r L- ?"««■»?«• In three Days 1
«asd him of h« Pains, ,„d r«urn'd to ElJow-
^co^Z. '^t'^ "^^^ ''^^^^ ^ Chriftian i„ that or the
They were all of the Race of the /^^.;«5, a Peo-
?^!.i!!^^ ^""^ contemptible in the Eyes of the
Ido aters, and therefore the great Numher of
Chriftians there ,s of that Sort is rather an Ob^
P I... . " a Motive for thofe of more noted
Races to imbrace Dhc Faith. The mofl com-
TLf:^^'''^''^^^''^ ^^^ "P^" '^^ -inverts is,
to faytaey are become Parias, and confequently
feHen^from the Dignity of their ow^^^ceJ.
Nothing IS a greater Let to the Cohverfion of
thofewhoare of noble Races, than that No-
tion of Pariamfm, which they have fix'd upon
our Holy Kehgion. However, many more
Converts might be made , if the Number of
Miffioners were greater, or thofe tbat are there
enabled to maintainmore Catechifts* Yet are
not thofe Parias lefs, honourable in ^e *ght of
M)d, thar* the otbpr. more exalted Races. I
W one of them, who before his Con vcrnon
had been a LibertJ^ iti the higheft Degree, and
4P fec^,and haughty, that all the CpunW ftood
. in Awe,of Jiim ; i>uc Cod fo changHhis Heart
aftj. B^ptifm, tha^ diftribR^d. -hat he
had 4mon|his Children, he whQlly g^ve him^
rn^p to Prayer and.Mprtification, living up,
<ift G^rttyi ^and beftowing all that wasabove a
^ pdor fcaaty Subfifteacc upon other poou People.
"'^"*^ .. ■'- ■■*• -r-^. • ^ " . -Another.
W*(f I
"i
f «9 3
Another of qi\c of the I rime Races was no k
3^ Pattern of aJl Virtue, leaving himfcif w\ Aly
-uiproyided to fupply the Ncc4y, and making it
his chief Er^ploymcnt to iiif^fii^ tj^^ jiew Cq^-
I celebrated the fcaft of the Ai^qn^Qn ^Ek^
cmmchiy in the bcft Manner I was ;^lc, being
ajtcn4ed by fo great a Cpncourfc pf PeopI^
that the neighbouring Wood was as full as the
freateli Tpwps, and I then baptized near three
fui»dred Pcrfons. The Fatigue of continuaUr
attending fuch a Multitude was fo extraordinary,
that I could ^lever have gone throi^gh it, had
not a fuddea Alarm procur'd me two or three
^:..JMfNa^ak, thiwiij^e Qeneral aflr? J.^itm-
Xm ^t Carnate, ,whicfi had bejen con^ier'd by
*orce the
T \f^»7^ "■sxiHTj^'TT' "*'*'^*** *f*.;V" i* fudaenJ^
that the MogorfJ^^]^ were alrfaay;iinter'd ud^
tgn the Dommion^ of the Prince ol^/Arieh^
»j^ Other to the Prince to ^\iom. Elacourtichy be-
Jongs, which ftrucjc a Terror among our Chri-
fiians, {Q tha^ theV immediately difpers'd. How- .oduIi^
ever, the Catedufts took Care to conceal that
41^^^^ fro"i ^ Catechumens I was;baptirmg.
When the Cerepiony was over, I went out pf Kx//^
the Church, and wasfurpris'dtb'ixnd fuwh\aSQr^'^'™-
■^m^ and enquiring pkiho(^ wl^ ftadnbt for-
faJce^ me, what might be the pcc/iipn of i^
allthe Anfwer they gave was w^i^n^reme to
.fly w^niediately, aiid Ibme, w^outJ^onfuItih
mc^carry'd away.tfeChurch Stufrntf^f the mp^
hidden Fart of the Wbod. , 1 gHefs'd that mig|«
U, one of thofePannick Fcar5 our Indians are
fubjca to, and therefore 9r«i%d|%£r five c|f
C 90 3
the mbft cburdgtbtts am6fi^ thcjri to go away m
'th8 Weftwardr^hen<ie tli6 Aram caiticyUb -^
l^eiter irtfofm'd'bf tk Tttith of that Rcjjort.
Tfeey did fo; -but a Matf ^il^kt^ve jud^M by
tl^eir Looks, that they had been ready to M-at
- e-^'iBy^^ SwoW Spe^'fs J^ithe
i.iiiiAxv lit lu gtr «tny rartrrcry-^naTerUPna^nnicn
out of Go'irhteh^nce fot^-ftaHh^ beeji'ih fuHf'i
Codlcnikh'^n '^krithoat alnji^Re5fo(fr. ifti^ M^
lowing Feftivals of IVhitfontide, iie; ^v^e'iffl^
obferrd' ?A reB^ious MiAtei-' - biit my^ Sitis-
j^ftion Wii^^riot.iafting, fAi;' i wa^'inforb^a t'k^
the WhJ^ W ewf^/e^r, df^diftllhlviiColfcih
above, ftill dmhHj'd i^/%?te IttWs Ghtt^^
Aour, arid ;tjiir the Caifecftfftii^U^ft ntytit^air
ti the Wlagi^ fiibiea: ?d Htif, to' ii)fmtfe:%e
Tetnof 'Chri(tianfc? ' ^he only Wa)^'¥o'''briife W^'Hib
JV In- Re^foA'tv^stb' apply fp-'ehc^'fe/jn/aj, 'wH*
PhL ^^ W' ?tbnc- niadc ^him' cftijfte f6i^ ^P/at. ' itf^^is
"^ "''* :even>ep6Hcd,thathayitlfr':^r<3|V<fiv5tH
hud
little Tfetrlt^dif; 'The Bread' ^fiich feiz'd-hfe
5^s fo gr^^at^^^^I^at he >^nV'back immediaiteiy,
;^dgdt tb'Cf «^«rf6fo6^- tiat all his Sdbjed^s
^ereaftiazM. ^Howevet^i'to fave his Credit, he
,j^ye out,-th^t a fuddctT fndifpQfition ha<f ^
Ji4£*d hin^ to r^urn fci haftiiy;
""^ • That
^hat Prihce ,confider*d, that If the Father
ftoufd complain Cq the TakvayltHut 6oyernbr,
who has alwayJsbeen a^ extraorcfinarytriencl to
the faid Miffioner, \^buld not'^fail to do him
Juftice /or his being fd often, wrongfully mo-
|eftcd, and therefbtf usM Me&s to^^ppeafe
him, tho' flill refoivi^g lodifturb theChriftians
;apon all Occafioris: Hereupon' F:,^)uehei xe-
•prefented to him the many Advantages h re-
ceiv'd by his liyihg iinder his Domimon, in the
Irttdrelt bf his Rcvefiue, and jhe Ch'riftian? be-
JpSf fhf Deft Soldiers he had ; at the fai|ie Time
declatnig he muft complain to the T^^vay. wU
'^^bntd not fail to do'him Juftice: ' ^'-^^^''-^^-:^
, This very miiCti flartled the Prificjeiof Cata^
loUr;.Mt an Accident, which'hapn,ed at the
ftmeTime, pu^ him into a greater Confterna-
"gort, and might have been his Ruin, had the
Talavav been a Mail more felfifh, or F. Bouchet
'■^^ *he'^e is a HiD ab.^t a' League frpip 'fkhera- (Sheailvg
faly, ox\ which ^he Gentils have built a Tern- Indian
.pie, the Charge whereof has been commi^ised ^^"'-
tP a, famous Joghi, or Heathen Penitent. Hi? ^"'^*
jfeeming outwar^Aufority ha$ drawn to hm a,
|^eat>[umber erf" other Joghisy ?Arhp live under
his Direaion. J^ho^a vaft extent of Land, and
■^ cpnfiderabJe Niiinber of Villages has been ftt
ap^rjrfor their lyfaintenance,- the Cl^ief of thofe
Peijitents is To ^r from letting th^ir^ partake of
what hds been a.ppointed for, 'the^r. Suppptt
'in-c^ijinion, tl^at hf fv'nds thejH'#,^*bout the
Country a be^in||[, and obUges t^ifm tobti^g
eyery Month a certain Sum, vffeh lie 4e4^c4r§
to the IdQls: Thbl9 Fellpw? . aij^^jcnere feobb^ijs,
^}^ their Extprtions aa^ p.kindtf r^ng ^ Peopl^.
■ wmwfci nfc ' > «i** iiWifeiii^!jfc.'.^
''-•^■- '---'■'^'■■.rTMiitfiiUc^Mi
ill
I
f'^^ncc. of the Prince of Catalour, A Soldier, wham
they wou d have CQmpdVd to give them m
Alms, called to his Aififtancc fomlof his Com-
rades, who ail fell upon the two Mendicants,
i^j, .^^^- ^r^^ >?ome well beaten. The Chief
j^h tmnljmg hjmfelf affropted in the Perfons
<it his Penitents, refolv^d to be reveno^'d' He
immediately difplay'd ^ Standard on'the Top
^ the Temple, which was to be feen all the
Country about. Upon that Signal, all the
Joghts that we under his Direftion, beiW
above a Thoufand, aflembled and repaired to
the Standard, preparing to fall qpon the Lands
ot Catalour,. and to put all to Fire and Sword.
^^'"^ ,P\Sr>^" °[ ^cA^r^M*, who from h^r
Llace had fcen the SfofrloK^ ^.T^i^.'j r ■ . '
•--' >now the Meaning pf it. As foon as Advice
tjfthc
vjftm ' r ,r™ 18 ' ^'^^ -^^ loon as Advice
4f#aw(^r. was brought her, fte difparch'd fome Soldiers
to the Prince, with Orders for him to repair
. ,^ immediately to Court, to anfwer for the Infult
. . offer d to thofe Men devoted to the Service of
their Gods The Queen s Orders, and the
' ^ Outrageoufnefs of thQ Joghis, put the Prince of
Catalour into a mighty Confternation : There
:was no Way for him to come oft, had not
F Bouchet conmv d to deliver him from his Di-
itrels The Miffioner went away to Court, la^
W d to appeafe the Queen's Wrath, and^heii
feid before her all the Circumftances of the
Faa, u, the Prefencc of the Talavay, fo tho-
t^ly making out the Princess Innocence ,
wi^ ^f >""y acquitted. The Truth be^
•i¥n,?re"J'^^'''^^^' f^ ^f^'' the Prince was
't^^ ' upc^ only maCing fome Prefents to
tlie^een, and to the Mountain :joghi, which
quite laid the Srnrm n^ „,«. r_:r,'t. '' >" .
Obligation to the Miffioner, and bcmg charm-
ed
t 95 3
ed with fuch an Aft of Gencrofity, the Ukt
\vhereof he had nevet feen , promis'd upoii
Oath, never more to difturb him in the Exer-
cife of his Funftion,
F. Bouchet had built a Church inthe Ifland of
Chirangnm, famous among the Idolaters, for SL
Temple they have in it, ahd Chriftianity ad-
vanced there apace ; but the Governor of the
Ifland, at the Inftigation of the Priefts of the
Idols, fell upon the Chriftians affembled ther«
at their Prayers, and to be inftruded by ^
Catechift, abufing them, and taking away all
they had. F. Bouchet being inform'd of it: com-
plain'd at Court ; the Governor was fent for,
and after a fevere Reprimand for his Cruelty
and Avarice, commanded immediately to re-
ftore all he had taken from the Converts. No-
thing is more dfflicult than to get from the /»-
d-ans whatfoct-er they are once poffefs'd of. The
Governor could not prevail with himfelf to part
with what he had fo wrongfully gotten. He tt-
ly*d on the Goodnefs of the Talavay, conclud-
ing he would never ufe fuch Rigour as his Ob-
ftinacy deferv'd.
^ But it jpleas'd God to punifh him doubly, for n.,,.*
being fufpeded as to his Management of thew«rV
publick Revenue, he was order'd to bring in his fuch «
Accounts ; but it being the fame Thine amone '^^^^'^
thofe People to be call'd to Account, aSd to be lt« "
condemn d ; he was fin d five Thoufand Crowns,
to be paid immediately into the Treafury. He
Itill delaying, the Punifhment was not deferr'd.
One Day, when he leaft thought of it, a Num-
ber oi arm'd Soldiers entered his Houfe betimes
in the Morning, feiz d and carry'd him away to
Court, where a Stone of a great Weight was
»^^»T« vM «43wjivwiwvi>, wuiwn fiv was auiig u to
carry
■
|||r— -
^afi-y till He-had p^'d t^e^^^brefaid Son^; this
fumbled. hi^.WhtyAfind,. but his -^kked
Heart w^s ft?l| the fam^. ,
Mnmy of Soon after another Accident bc^l! h'im, ';irm
takv^ rum d his Reputation for ever. He ivas bv Race
2;r f,^7^^«^f> ^nd had M marry da Woman of
r/.. ''^^ ^^"Pf ^2ce, who had in her Infancy been
m^rry4;to another Bmcbman, that was gope a
travelling, and had never been heard of fince.
The very D^y his Bi;idq was brought homx? to
him, and in the midft of the Nuptial Feaft, the
iirlt Hpsband arriv'd at ticheratdy. Being in-,
form d, that his Wife was convey'd to ^n^her.
Jje ran to the Bridegroom's Houfe, and publick^
\Y reproach d him, with the Shame and Infamy
he had jDrpugh.t Mpon hiffifelf i for the taking
aw^ay of a V/pman pf.^he Brachman Race, is
among tho(e People. ati; anna^rdonabk Crime.
Ah0 lndi|?aation conce^/d ^ftt fo inf^mpus a^
A6tjon q^^te confounded the G<y\^emorj rhe was
ienfibl^ thjpre , was no avoiding of his Ruin;, if
his Advorfary demanded Juftice, and therefore
^Wd f0r.nothing that might r.ppeafe him-,
r ^T' ^^^^ ^'^^ Promifes were all njadj? lifa
> ^Qf , At length G v^ertures Avere tmade for ah Ac-
commodation, and he/^as obligU to. rfceth^
Woman to her Hrft Husband, and tQ pay tha*
feme Pay to the Brachmm the Sum of fivt
-titindred .Crowns, agreed on between them.
^ No fobner had the Brachman receftv'd his
Money,. jh4n he went to make his Complaint
to m^Talavay, And to th^ E„d, f^ia he, my
Urdy^fjat you may mt queflion his hing.guiltf
9jt^»he hmmOm I lay to his Charge ; here is th^
Money he Ms Md doivn to, apMf^ my M MisL^
namn.Ulht^'Jalavay,. wh<^ is himfelf a Bmt-
man, wa$ much ccfnterii'd at that AaioUi whieb
Was
y
f
was a Diflionour ^ hi& Race. He arfemibUd tfco
Pxim JBrachmarff of the Courts and fymmonVlt
the Criixvnal to appear before him, The Crimft
was too iwrell w^Mii .^0 fofpefl; the Aceufation*
fothat the unlort|i|iat< Governor had no other
Way left but; to inapbre the Mercy 6f the Coucta,
He 3ppear'd before t;hat Afl'embly, with an Q^k
Clout wrapp'd about him, his Hajfin difor-
der, ^proftrating himfelf on the Ground, and
crying out in a dreadful Manner. He was bit-
terly reprov'd for committing fuch an Oifenctf
as ca;ft a Blemifli oii the whoje Rate of «hfe
Brachmans^ and it; was not queftion'd, but thae
after fuch a Difgrace, he would banriifh himfel€
his ov/n, Country, to hide his Shame in the re-
mptejft Provinces, there to lead an obfcure Life' j
but the Xalavayy rather inclining to MfxCy than 27;^ Tt*
Severity, made him return to the Palace, andiav^y*^
comforting him in hk Misfortune, faidy Men are ^^^^'
mt Pmf againft Si n^ pur Offence comet be re-''^''^
triev'd ; but do ym think of fcuis^fying the Brach-
man, and of making Amends /row henceforward^
bya^rudent and modefi Behaviour^ for the Scandal
you /i five given to the whole Kingdom,
. 'rThefe Words gave new Life to the Governor,?
N compounded with the Brachman, fulfillUth©
hard Injundions laid upon him, and was re-?
fiord to his Government. The very Gentils'
look'd upon this humbling of that Perfecutor^
the, Aa of Providence ; yet was he fo far front
reftormg what he had taken from tlicConvej-ts^ -
that he afterwards quite drove them froih thoii-f .
Chufch by the following Artifice : He caus'd thcl
^A, caird I^ouHear^ to be convey'dihtb the faid-
Church, ki^owing that the ChViftians would «©ri
ver alfemble thereafterward^ jmor' was hemti«
fiaken. for thp c7/kmr^t^
■5^v««.jlH.S.^J> ■ iXtn, .WiVii .«<(.t«I .XUiSSj,
the
Altar the Gentib had proftn'd with their Sa-
enhees, and the Idol they had plae'd on it.' i
it^ilr? T« ** •* w"'.** *»»P'oyn*eM « the
M. aiBft the Sick th.« xvere brought to mrCdt-
"Sf; ««'««"•« the Catechumen,,, toreceieVhe'
Wits of the Gentils. and to difcoi.rfe them
^ut Rehgion. and alfo to anfwe. the cjje™
Sir.nt^i^"''' ''**'\P"» '<» ««• ^"'ithout^n-
ttmg into Difputet with them. Experience has
nmys wQritcd, only fcrve to provoke, and tA
2*^ *• Wiiy IS to make the Objeaions ourfelves, which
folvc them i and they are always plcas'd, when
ex£5}^b:'^o?t?GSdt^:fcn:^
«ow and then asking them , whethe^the P^^
the true God. and whether he can be fo. who
-_ S!.il^?. Chimeras, and the infamous Ac-
iflT ST. „ ^- ^'i;' "*/''="■ Deities. They are
SL r r^^ '» deduce thofe Confcquences
Sdiriul P^"^''""-^ "^'d to it, that thofe
wonderfiU Perfeftions are not to be found in
rij^they woiftip. In cafe their Pride ftou d
«^ftrua their owiingof it, they muft not b« by
wy Means prefj-d to it by Diit of Areumei*'^
V.
It
;umefit£.
C j>7 3
It 1 J enough^^ for us if<i^,e iean fend tUciii tW^y
comrinc'd, that we idxtte One only CW ZtL
Who.?/'' •^""'■8'"^''' '■"«"'■"'> ffi.^
wh^ can neither commit, nor enaure any Thiris
Granir,^"- Thus they depart fi.l[rfrtl
who worfliiph.m, andof Refpea for thofe who
teach how Se is ro be ador/
Miniflry, all Care muft be taken to prevent In-
cornng the ill Will of the Gentils. the Tem.
poral Concern, of the Cohmts muA be lo«"d
tf r,re«.d?K- °/ A«t Differences reconcil'dy
tX« %l-"' ''"ir? '^"""'■'■'= " 'he Pagan
h, l« • ^*'** "ouWefome Affair alone wOnld
be fufficient to mploy » Miffioner j and there-
^.'a^^°"^ '?"?« too much Time, I refef
Chr.ftf, """^"^ their Gontroverfles to able
Iwasftillat £to.«mc*)i about the' Middle ,&„,«,
bli^'^;. M"^" -^^Time when the Wrndsfe
Clouds of Duft, as darken the San. fo that he
Da« tT^S^^" •** '■^*" '"'' ^""'^ o^ Five
^ays. 1 his Duft penetrates into all Parts • ie
gets into the Throat, and occafions fuch De-'
nuttions on the Eyes as often caufe Blindnefs.
w,,!( u*['"?'* impoiHbIc to go to the WeftJ
ward, which IS the Quarter the Storm cotaeff
rrom. i he Indians are more us'd to it than the'
aZtT'',^H rj thev fuffer by it very much,
to Ch h "'"^ ""' ^^ '^'"*'
:i.H
H
Thoft
m
\ 1-
m'I
Ml
I'M
) . .1
ji
L98]
Xains, Thofc high Winds lire the Forerunners of
the creat Rains, which fall on the Weftcrn
CWt of India, and on the Mountains of A/^-
lahar, where the Coloran is form'd, which ferti-
lizes the Kingdoms of Maijjoury Madure, T'an-
jaour, and Choren-Mandalam. The People of
India expect thofe Rains, with as much Impa-^
tience as thofe of Egypt wifh for the Overflow-
ing of the M/^.
It wa^ thought the River would have fvf oUeti
this Year before the ufual Seafon, bccaufe the
Winds had begun to biow much fooner tljan
the former Years. I defign'd to fet out from
Elacourrichy yzs foon as the Waters began to ap-
pear in the Riyer, in order to proceed to the
Southward into a Province, where no Miflioper
or Catechifl has ever yet been ; but the Winds
continu'd to blow, the, River was ftill dry, ^nd
the People began to apprehend a general Fa-
mine.
Dikefo Neverthelefs the Rains had fallen in their
^""'J' ''''^proper Seafon, and the. Waters which have a
''• rapid fall from the Mountains, would have run
into the Coloran fooner tjian ufual, tiut.that the
King of Majfour had ftopp'd their Courfe with
a prodigious Dike he had caus'd tq be thrown
up quite acrofs the Channel. His Intent was to
divert the Water by Means of the faid Dike,
to the End, that running into the Guts he had
made, it might overflow his Plains ,•( but at the
fame Time that he provided for fertilizing his
own Lands, and infreaifing his Revenue, he
ruin'd the two neighbou^fing Kingdoms of Ma-
dure and Tanjaour. The Waters would not
have reach'd them till .the latter End of Ju-
ly, and the Channel would be dry again by
the Middle of September.
il Thoi*
r^!3°5,r^ ^-'"'i' ''*'''"f ^^^^ w th*
Good of thejr Kji.gdoms, refentecj that Aftion,
FneJf ",^ '" .^"P«= ,*g»i"ft de coalmen
?,ft^^' "u"''^ '^.''y ^°''<=e of Arms w
to their Doromions. They wrere already ma-
king mightjr Preparations , when the River
Coloran tool£ it s own Revenge, as they exprefs'd
on the Mountains the Oike flood, and the Wa-
ters ran off gently intd the Cuts prepar'd
heavy, the River fwell'd in fnch Manner, that it
with the Violence of its Stream. Thus thi
Kmg of Mfl>«r, after an ufelefs Expence, wai
hehS'ptm'aS''^*''^-«-f«WeaIth
The Ghatinel was not long a fillihgi and the
Joy was the gi'eater among thofe People* be^
«ufe they had expefted a Famine toVoIIow.
JJ^l i^«"^,d t:o be tranfported beyond them*
felves, running m Throngs to the River, to waft
themfelves, upon the ridiculous Notion they en--
tertam, that thofe firft Waters cleanfe them from
ail their Crimes, as they waft away all the Filth
irom the Channel.
The Coloran beihg ftiU fordable, 1 crofs'd it
as loon as poffible , to repair to Counampatv ,
there to expect an* Opportunity to remove to
hTT"' D r ^' '^ '^^ Kingdom where thQ
Chriltian Religion is cruelly perfecuted, and 1
^ill giYt you an Account of that Pcrfecution
m my next Letters. You fee by what I have
writ, that as we have much Bitterncfs, God is
C 100 ]
pleas'd to make us Amends by the plentiful
Hirveft wc gather in. I am with much Re-
/£bib\RBVfiREND FaTHIR,
' m' Your nnoft Humble .
and mbft Obedient
Servant in our Lord,
F. MART IN, MiflJoncr
ofthc Society of JESUS.
3£ iMi
£, -
n*-i^
HI
-Jc
niQ-j 1 i.
r ■
.. t
A LET-
L V:.^i\i
plentiful
much Re-
I XPI J
"" -^ -?r
[iflioncr
fESUS.
LET.
F P^ O M
Miffioner of the SbCIETf of
jESVSinindia,
TO
Of the fame S O C I E T jf'
Pondichsryy January 30, 1702. '"'" '^''*
Reverend Fat^eRp / . V"^^
^•^r \^^^^^ ^ owe youy an^VjSeJ^-
tisfaaion you tajke m Jj^ ^i^f^
with which God is ]p^s'4: t^^^k
i.«,^ ^ rj ^"f -^^^oius of the JMiffioneys^ are
two confiderable Motives, which'induce me to
give you an Account of the prefcnt State of
H 3 Chriftianity
'Ik
Chridianlty in India, and to impart the Obfcr-
vations riiavc made relating tb Religidri, and
to the Manners of a great Nation, which is hi-
therto little known in Europe.
Mi/Jioru Xou know our Society has three confiderable
in the A- .M^Aions on that Part of the Peninfula On this Side
wm/ii/a the Ganges, which is to the ^uth Wird of the Em-
0/ in(iit.p,>c ofthc/%o/: The firft is theMiflion pfMa-
' /foy^, coir men cing at Cape Comoriny and extend-
ing as far as Pondichery, about the 1 2th iDegree
or North Latitude. The fecond is that of Ma-
"iffowry a great Kingdom, the King whereof is
Tributary to the Mogol^ to the Northward of
that of Madttre, and almoft in the Center of the
Country. To conclude, the third is t|iat which
. Providence ha?s allotted me, apd is'call'd the
Mi^on of Caruaie. It has its Beginning at the
Height of Pondkheryy and has no other Boun-
dary to the Kdrthward but the Empire of the
Mogoly being border'd on the Weft by Part of
M^n 'Thus it is to be obfcrvM, that the Miffion of'
pfCzT- Carnate docs not only comprife the Kingdom of
]S5^'/'**^.>^'"-^^' but alfo feveral other Provinces, and
i .. . . „ .' 4iftin6t Kingdoms,' fpreading over a vaft Extent
OtLand ; fo that from North to South it ftretch-
es above three hundred Leagues in Length, and
about a Hundred and forty Leagues from Eaft
to ^Veft, where narroweft, and where bounded
Uf the Kingdom of Maijfour. The Principal
States I am acquaiflted with in it are, the King-
cottH^CafHat^ I if&Wy Bijanagorany Ikkeryy
arird G^fonda. I do iidt fake Notice of a confi-
dttHbk Nutabcr -of fihall States belonging to
peculiar Princes, moft of them Tributary to the
•< ... *
> >
The
The Country is very populous, and there is(}mmf
in it a great Number of Towns and Villages. It opprefs'^d
would be much more fruitful, did not the Ma^-h Ma.
hornet ans fubjed to the Mogol, who have fubdu'd, I^^""
opprcfs the People with their cc.itinual Ex- ^^*
adions^. About fifty Years ago they invaded all
thoft Lands, and have extended themfelves to
the very Eno of the Pieriinfuia. Only foiffe few
Stateji tho* ftill TnbutiSry to the Mogol^ have
prcferv'd their ancient Form of Government; as^
the Kingdom of Madure, thofc of Marava5y 7k/-
cherapali and Gingi ; all the reft is govern*d byr
the Afoj^o/'sO/Ecers, excepting only fomc parti- r
cular Lords, to whom thc) have left the Ma-
nagement of their Provinces ; bur thofe Lords
pay heavy Tributes^ and have fuch Depen-^
dance on the Sovereign, that they ai-c deprived
of their Dominions upon the leaft Jcaloufy, fo
that they mry rather be calfd Farmers fO: thc
Mahomitamy. than Sovereigns o£itl^eir _ jun*
tries, '/H:f fir,-" ''^ .vr.V; . r,-. ., <' r--.,. \
The Oppreflion of the Gentils under tbatMaho»
Dominion, would not ohftfcud the Propagation metan$
of the Faith, were not the Mahometans- b:^^:^ im- '^''Ji!?"/
placable Enemies to Chrrftianity, The Idola- £,„7*"
ters are always heard when thqr complain '
againftus. They eafily perfuadc them, that we
are rich j and upon fu^h falfe Informations, the
Governors caufe us to be feiz'd, keeping us ve-
ry long under a fevere Confinement. F. Bou-^
chet, famous for the great Number of Infidels
he has baptiz'd, has been made experimentally
fenfible of the Extent of their Avarice, H«- ha4
adorn'd a fmall Image of our Saviour^ with f^me
falfe Stones ; fame Gentils of that ProWni^^ ha-
ving fecn it, told the G^emor that the fai4 Fa-
ihcr had an immcnfe 1 ;^afure ; the Hiflioner
H
was
«>««4«Bt;^«
■jw.vr.".
I
iv
t ^04 3
mtimmdiudy put m^ ^ doCc Pri/on, where
h^ endiur4 411 Sortu of Hardfl^ips for above a
Month, a:>^>his Catpchifts were baftiijado^d, and
th;'^^jn^.,AWich Death, i£ theyiid not difcover
the MifHohfirs Treafure. . a
^lJtl>i^ very frequent in this MiiT^on to fee the
Preachers ^of the Gofpel .imprifon'd and abus'd
tn«)iighr_,the Avarice of the Mahomet ansy who
^e naturally inclin'd co p^rfecute them, out of
thP Amfion thev have-to Chriftianity, and yet,
they being Mafters of the Country, the Faith
"^ T-u PJ^opagated before their Eyes.
JUifery of- Thf Indians are very miferable, and fcarce en-
dkis"' ^y ^""^^^"^ ^^\^'^^^^ of thdr Uhouts, The
o'»»s, Kin^ every Nation ts abfolute, and Proprie-
tor of Ct^e^Undj his'Gffioers oblige the InJiabi^
tants of a /Town to fcillaccrtain Projportion of
Land,;i^|'d out. by them. At the Haryeft
^4 imc, therfame Offiaertgo fee the Gom re ap'd*
and^havimgiraade a Ifcap of iti p^itthe King's
beal upon it, and go away. When they think
<c ntv>thejr>Teturn tdVariyiiwraythcGiiain, Jeav-
ing only thtlfaarthPiilrt, aad fometirpcs Icfc for
the pocr Laboureirl:. ..The reft they afterwards
. . fdl.ta tJieiPeopJe, at wiiat Rate they pleafe, and
no Man>diW!es to cdmplam v
'The Gredt MagdJi genetally keeps. his Court
ntar J^m- about iivc Hundred Leagues from
this.'J^ce .{ and that^Remotenefs of the MogoFs
•Gmrtis in a great Meafure the Qccafion of the
iMdians being fo harxity treated. , The T^/ofo/
Tend^^inco ithofe Patt-wan. Officer, with the Ti-
ttle of_ 'Go\aeFnor aiidiGtncral of the Army* He
appoints StibgovermM-sf or Lieutenants of all
confid<3rable Places^^t^:reoeive the Revenues of
them. TheTimeof /fheirGovcnunent being
Oovern
li
y- acuyucu III
three
three or four Years j they make hafte to grow
Rich. Others ftill more covetous fucceed them,
fo that nothing can be more miferable than thofe
Indians. There are no other rich Men befides
the Mahometan Officers, or the Gentils, who
ferve the particular Kings of each Nation ; and
even they very often are feiz'd, and by main
Dint of Scourging, oblig'd to difeorge what
they have got by their Extortions, fo that at the
End of their Power they are commonly as beg-
garly as they were before.
Thofe Governors adminifter Juftice, with- Mrtii-
out much Formality j the higbeft Bidder gene- mllration
rally carries the Caufe, and confeqpently Cri-o/W«^-
minals often efcape the Punifhment due to the
moil heinous Crimes, and it frequently happens,
that both Parties vying who fiiall bid moft, the
Mahometans receive on both Hands, without
giving either the Satisfaftion demanded.
^ How great foever the Sj|^very of the Indians Indians
iSy under the Government of the Mogol^ in other a^^o^'^
Cafes, they have ftill the Liberty of behaving t^aP''
themfelves according to the Cuftom of their k-ifR^Z
veral Races. They are allowed their AfTemblies,
which are often held only to enquire after thofe
who are become Chriftians, and to expel them
their R^ce, unlefs they renounce Chriftianity.
You are not Ignorant, Reverend Father, of ^ ^^./j
the Averfion the Gcntils have for the Europeans, j,atc Eu-
\Hiom they call Pranguis. That Averfion feems ropeans.
rather to increafe daily, than to abate, and is
almoft an invincible Obftaele to the Propa-
gation of the Faith. Were it not for that up-
happy Hatred they bear us, and which extends
to the Holy Faith we preach to lem ,• it m^y
be faid the Indians are otherwife well difpos'd
towards ChiiftiiUjity. Jhey are very tempe-
rate>
.».» .,
•-•» J
C io6 ]
rats, and never commit anj^ Excefs cither in
eating or drinking ; they are born with a natu-
Good ral Horror of any Liquor that inebriates They
^ditki are very referv'd as to Women, at leaft to out-
7ils T^^^ Appearance, and they are never feen to
do any Thing m publick that is contrary to
Modefty and Decency. The Refped they bear
^ their Gourouy fo they call their Teacher, is in-
finite ; they fall down before, and hoiiour him
as their Father. Scarce any Nation is more
charitable to the Poor. It is an inviolable Law
among delations, to fupport one another, and
to ftare what Jittle they have with thofe who
are in want. They are alfo very zealous for
their Pagods, and a Handicraft Man, who
earns not above ten Fanons, Pieces of Money
worth about five Pence each, will fometimes
give two of them to the Idol. They are alfo
very fedate, and nothing fcandalizes them fo
much as Paffion ai^i Rafhnefs. There is no
Doubt, but that being fo well difpos'd, many of
them would become Chriftians, were it not for
the Fear of being expell'd their Race. This is
one of the Obftacles that feems infurmountable,
and which only God can remove, by fome of
thofe extraordmary Means which are unknown
to us. A Man who is turn'd out of his Race
has no Place of Sanctuary, or Suppc. ; left him :
his Kindred may not converfe with, or fo much
as give him Fire ; i( he has Children, no Bo«y
will marry them. He mufl ftarve, or put him-
felf into the Race of the Parian, which among
the Indtans is the utmoft Infamy.
Thefe are the Tryals the Converts muft go
through, and yet there are fome who endure
that dreadful Defolation with an Hcroick Con-
i-„,,„, ^„„ ni*^ wciicv't cnac uponiucJi Ucca-
fions
r 107 3
fions aMiffifoner docs not fpare to give thcmPart
of what he has, and it is that which often
ihakes him defire to be fupported moire plenti-
fully by Charitable People in Europe.
It is now requifite to give you fome Idea o£ Religion
the Religion of the Indians. There is no Doubt o/'*« In-
to be made but thofe People are thorough pac'd '^**"^
Idolaters, fince they wprfhip ilrange God*. Ne-
Verthelefs it feems evident to me, by fome oF
theirB6oks,thatthey have formerly had ^diftind
Knowledge enough of the true God. This is
eaiily to be perceiv d at the Beginning of the
Book caii'd Panjangayiy the Words^ whereof are
as follows, which I have tranflated Verbatim,
'I addre that' Being, v^hich is not JubjeB to Change^
nor to Vnquietnefs I that Being, whofe Nature is
thdi-jijible ; that Being, whofe Simplicity admits of
no Compofttion of Qualities j thai Being, luhich is
the Origin and Caufeof all Beings, and luhich fur--
pajfes them alJ^ in Excellency -, that Being, 'which is
the SupfoYt of the Univerfe, and which is the Source
of the Tripple Powr. But thefe noble Expref-
fions are in the Sequel mixt with infinite Ex-
travagancies, too tedious to relate.
-From whatl'have'faid, 'tis eafy to infer, 7^^,:^^-
that the Poets of the Country have by their /row ftV-
Fidions from Time to Time effac'd out of the*7«
Minds of the People the Notions of the Deity.
Moft of the Indian Books are Poetical Works, -
which theyare paflionately fo.^d of, and thence
doubtlefs their Idolatry derives it's Original.
Neither do I queftion biit that the Names of
thdrfalfe Gods^ fuch as C/;m«, Ramen, Vich^-
nou, and the like, were the Names of fome of
their ancient Kings, whom the Flattery of the *
Indians, and pinicuhrly of the Brachmans. his
d^ityd, either by way of Apotheofts, or by
' ' ' Means •
f
Hipwii u
Thofe Works, m Procefs of^ Time, have bern
taken for t|ie Rules of their F^ith, and efFac'd
the true Notion of the Deity. ' The ancienteft
Books, containing a purer Dodrine, have by
Degrees been negleded, and the Ufe of that
Language IS altogether ceas'd. This is moft
certain with Refpeft to the Book of the Reli-
gion calld Fedam, which the learned Men of
the Country do not now underftand. They are
fatisfyd with reading, and getting fomepka*
ces of It by Heart, which they utter after a my-
Iterious Manner, the better to impofe upon the
jr eopie* , ^. .» , ft . . . , »
xt'li .u^r^f ^ il'^f ^'^ concerning the Original of
AjY^.».,the Indmn Idolatry, is confirmed by a viry mo-
/> dern Inftance. It is about fifty /ears fince the
King of Ttcherapaly^dyd. That Prince was ex-
traordinary ^untiful to the Brachmans, the
moft fawning Race that can be found ,- they ei-
^er out of Gratitude, or to encourage other
Kings to follow his Example, have built him a
Temple, and ere^d Altars, on which Sacrifice
i' u^u"" 'l^^ ^^"^ ^^^- It « not to be
. doubted but th?t in fome years they may for-
get, the God Ran^en, or fome other falfe Deity
. ^oE the Country, to fubftitute the King of 7t-
. €heYapaly in his Place. It is likely the fame may
,Jiappen to that Prince as has done to Ramel
who IS reckned among the ancient Kings, the
/»^/^« Books feeing down his Age, the Time
.^nd the Circymftances of his Reign
mti-^ Befides, yic^nou)indai^en/who are looked
Golf TV:^'^^' Pripp^^al Deities, and by whom
the Jnd^ans are divided into two feveral Seds :
they allow of an almoft infinite Number of in-
£rainx ierior Deitiec. J?v/,«.^ i,^ij_ ^i-_ /^ n «.
Goi, ''"' f^"^'"** "vius iuc nnt i'lace
among
C «09 1
among the latter : According to their Thedlo-
gy, the Superior Gods created him within the
Ccimpafs of Time, giving him fingular Prero-
gatives. He, they fay, created all Things, and
preferves them by a fpecial Power the Deity has
confer'd on him. It is he alfo, who has as it
were the General Infpeftion over the inferior
Deities; but his Government is to have an End
within a limited Time.
The Indians take Notice only of the Eight £bht
principal Points of the Compafs, which they GuarC^
place like us in the Horrifon. They pretend^^'^^
that a Demi-God has been ported by Brama in
each of thofe Points, to take Care of the Uni-
verfe. In one cf them is the God of Rain, in
another, the God >f the Winds ; in a Third,
the God of Fire ,• and fo of the reft ; and they
call them the eight Guardians. Divendiren, who
1$ as It were Brama s Prime Minifter, immedi-
ately commands thofe inferior Gods. The Sun,
Moon, and the Planets are alfo Gods. In a
Word, they reckon three Millions of thofe Sub-
altern Deities, of whom they tell a Thbufand
impertinent Fables.
It is true, that in Converfation, many of the t .
learned Men grant, there can be but one God^fndiaM
who IS a pure Spirit ,• but they add, that Chi-grant ow
*ven, Vichmu, and the reft are that God s Mini- ^o^^-
fters, and that by their Means we approach the
Throne of the Deity, and receive Bleffings.
However, bv their Pradice there does not ap-
pear the leaft Sign of their believing in one on-
ly God. Temples are built, and Sacrifices of-
fered only to Chiven and Vichnou ; fo that it may
befaid, we know little of what thofe pretend-
ed learned Men believe ; but that in Reality
they arc Ignorant Perfons.
The
Morals,
yi
i^onof^s a rccciv\l Opinion throughout all Mia, apd
' • u IS very hard to undeceive them in that Parti-
cular; for nothing is oftner repeated in th^r
Books. They believe a Paradife, or Heaven,
but make the Felicity to eonfift in fenfual Plea-
fures, tho they ufe the Terms of Union witii
God, feeing of God, and the like i which are
^u B.V!!'' ^riV'^'^y ^^ ^^P^e^s the Felicity of
the Bleffed. They alfo believe a I^ell, but can-
"u ^ D P^^i"^^^^ fhat it is to laft for ever. All
the ^ooks I have feen fuppofe the Immortality
of the Soul ; yet I dare not affirm that to be
the Opinion of feveral of their Sefts, nor eve»
? many^r^cAwaw,. In the main, they hive
fuch confufe Notions of all thofe Things, that
It is not eafy to difeover what they believe.
As for their Morals, this is what I hare learnt.
They allow of five Sins, which they look upon
as moft heinous, viz,. Killing of a Srachm^n ,
JJrunkennefs ; Adultery committed with the
Wife ofthtGourou, that is their Teacher,
Doaor, or Priefl ,- Theft, when the Value is
confiderablei and the aflTociating with thofe
who have committtd any of thofe Sins. They
have alfo other capital Sins, but reckon only Five
Sn w^f"' J'"'- I-"^' ^nger. Pride, Avarice, and
Envy or Hatred. They do not condemn Poly-
gamy, tho it IS not fo common among them as
among the Mahometans ; but they abhor a Cu-
Itom no leis monftrous than extravagant, which
prevails m the Country of MaUeamen. The
iSn^^V '^^ ^^"""3^ "^^y "^^'^y ^s many
Husbands as they pleafe, and they oblige each
of them to furnifli the feveral Things th?y have
Occafionfor; one finds Cloaths, another Rice,
ana lo of the rcfl.
In
n6fSoyIs/
Jndia, aijd
hat Part;j-
d in their
r Haayen,
fual Plea-
lion with
which are
'elicity of
but can-
ver. All
mortality
hat to be
nor eve»
hey hive
"(^^s, that
lieve.
re learnt.
)ok upon
rachman j
with the
Peacher ,
Value is
th thofe
IS. They
)nly Five
rice, and
nn Poly-
them as
)r a Cu-
t, which
h The
as many
ig^ each
ley have
er Rice,
In
Cm]
In hcu of it, there is among our Indians ano- Wife kr
ther Cuftom no Ms monftrous: The Priefts of * ^^« Gods^
the Idols every Year are to feek out a Spoufe for
their Gods- when they fee a Woman they like,
whether marry'd, or Single, they either force
her away, or elfe draw her by fome Slight to th^
Pagod, and there perform the Ceremony of the
Marriage. It is aifirm'd, that they afterwards
make me of her themfelves ; neverthelefs flie
IS refpefted by the People as a God s Wife.
It IS alfo a Cuftom among feveral Races, efpe- ailiren
ciaJly the moll noted, to marry their Children marrfi,
very young. The little Husband puts about
the Neck of her that is defign'd for his Wife a
little Toy, call'd Tali, which is the Diftirftion
between marry'd Women and others ; and the
Marriage IS concluded from that Time. If the
Husband happens to dye before the Matrimony
could be confummated, the rdi is taken from
the young Widow, and Ihe is not permitted to
^tV^ ^g*"i- Nothing being more conttm^- miow^
tible among the Indians than the State of U^- W^<»»-
dowhood, that was partly the Occalion why''*^"^'**
they tormerly burnt themfelves with the Bodies
ot their Husbands, as not able to live in that •
defpicable Condition. That they never fail'd
^ a *^^^ ^^^ Mahometans made themfelves
Malters of the Country, and the Europeans pof-
lels d the Coafts ; but at prefent there are few
Inltances of that barbarous Cuftom. That un-
\M • ^^^^ "^^ ^^^^ ^^e Men, for a fecond
Marriage does not difhonour them, nor their
Race.
One of the Maxims of Morality, which mchariti
prevails among the Indian Idolaters, is, that, in ^^ '^«
order to be Happy, they muft enrichthe Brach- ^'^''^'
mans I and that there is no M^^jnc ^,^ ^at^Amoi ™*"«-
I for
'If
I
[no
for blotting out of their Sins as giving them
Alms. Thofe Brachmans being the Authors of
Moft of their Books, they have inculcated that
Maxim in almoft every Page. I have knOwn
feveral Gentils who have almoft ruin'd them-
felves for the Honour of marrying a Brachman ;
the: Expence of that Ceremony being very greati
among thofe who are of a good Race.
That is the principal Occalion of the Hatred
they bear the Preachers of the Gofpel ; becaufe
the Bounty of the People decreafes as Chriftia-
nity fpreads abroad, and therefore they never
ceafe to perfecute us, either themfelves, when
m Authority, or elfe by iocenfing the Mnhome^
tans againft us. It was by their Means I hact
like to have been itrappado'd with the Chahour,
^ Sort of great Scourge fo call'd by the Indians^
fnd drove from a Church I had, near a great
Town call'd Tarkoiait, which hapned in the f6y
lowing Manner.
ITickei -A. young Brachman came to beg an Alms of
Cb»#»Vtf- me, and having affur'd me, that he had neither
l%f/ ^^^^f . """^ ^^^^^r, and that if I would main-
^oncr!^' '^*'". ^V^'. ^e would willingly ftay with me ,- I
retain d him, defigning to inftruft him in Chri-
ftianity, and to make a Catechift of him. The
Brachmans of Tarkolan being informed that the
Boy was in my Houfc , and fufpeding my De-
lign, affemblcd together, and refolv d to ruin
ine. They went immediately to the Governor
of the Province, and accus'd me of having fto-
len away the young Brachman, and made him
. eat with me, which, they added, was the moft
^einous Affront upon them and their Race.
!!^f!^"iP-®" ^^^ Governor caus'd me to be fei-
:.Ted by his Guards, who after having treated me*
in an inhuman Maniieri carry'd me before him.
The
I
The Accuf^oons and GpgipJ^int? of tlje £m:^
not,. for ,c wa? th^tof,tW%lm,M^7Tl
was condemn'd tcf ,^c«ve many SttoKe of
the CW«^i <,r Scourge. above mentiol?d ••.":
out bemg,allow-d to fpeaka Word for;L. >
whe? rrV^V?'''^ '°6'^* """^ '''« firftsTrWi
PunTftm !-'* [-^.emgjae ready to undeigo a
Pumftment, which .J-coufd not biive had
5>trengt!i epsugh to go thrpugh. was (o mov'd
to Compaffioni that|e.wfthimfelf atth?Go-
vernor s Feet, fignitying to him, that. I fbom
certainly dye under the Torture., The m^
«^/«» was prevail'd, .9p, and nnderha^d .de-
mandea fome Money of me.: I havii« pone
ter, but djfmifsd m&r t .^ , , : .
young,>ran Qf their; ;RafiH ftom the Polluiioni«'i4
they fa^hf J,ad ceMrj>«^d, by livinftiwl^l^^
^'v.B^a,, perform'd the foUow/ng Ceremony!
^•"^^ «^^y. ^U : Pl-t jfeWiW. they c^Z
hlv! -r^L^'u-^°f'^^it^'^^ Wm f^ three
Hura' l"^¥-"" ^'^^hTmes with Cow's
O^ngS andhwng waft'd J,im a Hundred and
rjine T^mey,, put him.,Q5,a new Line, and
Rcp^.^.'^ ^"I'lJhew .at a ceremonious
,TIU5.&Vof the leaft InAahces of tte ,
ha^t^fof^f *TrV"'' "'^ ^'"= Averfio^SJeyB'S:^^"^
nave terj,Ds., . They fpare no Pains to render """s.
us ocJ^^ ,„ the Country. If theybaDpen to
want Rain, it is we that are to fuife. : „" anv
pubhck Calamity lights on them , it is our
Doarine „ : fo offenfive to their Gods , which
,^ .-J -7-- — ^-^^ -rs. wttsiv. wuwii •iiTC CilC i\.€—
' * ports
-or
Snperjli'
tious
Fiauds.
IH'
11
tiwfs^thcy fake Ckt^Ui fpread abfoad> an^
Ihett in no expr«ffi% what art Af4:endant they
h^v* g^rtl^d over the Pe^le, and how much
tftejr ab^ their Gi^dulity.
Fot- th|»; Reafott it 'fs that ihey hire introi
dttc'd girdifilary Aftrtylftgy; that tidka?6n^ Art,
Whkti^ihatle^ the FtdptJi-ity or Ad^effi^y of
Mai; ty gdod &!t^^ Satdefs of theft' Affairs to
4<^nd'l[^ the ebttjtinfeions' <rf the PIttnets,
and^^^fotfbns «)>fM:hW Stifs ; or dfi^hiFIiglrt
oP Bk^7'- By thkf •■Meks they liave made
tht'^miti'^ Jiwlgfesf Sf^good antf bAd Days;
th^'M^tbnfultcd 'fiie Oracks,' -arid tliey'fell
their AhN(*ers at *^ear^l^ate. 1 hive- <rften in
rtfy;Trafve}s met feH^aTcitduIous i>ftfiVi/^j, who
were returning Hdnft'] tfecaufe they had met
feme ominous Birds. I haffe feeft othe^§; who
^ D%*:-bef6rect!rty'We to niWetta^^ a
Jdftrrfeyv Vent a^d^ fibV ^Il-Night #itho^t' th^
T6^;mx they t^lpt Act fet dUtoti^ab uH-
Pride and ^^^fie ObftaiJes W^iM^it Srfth /?^ ¥hfe »r^??c);**
0¥"w- ;»»«/ ni -ptea^hfag^tlfe 'GbfpcJ, wdultl be left
J'- gH'e'*^, t6 n^r Mf^t- th^i^ any Hi^pe of c<m-
ve'rtfti^ tftefti j hiii thaJt is m6ra% impoffiWfc;
^c/iJfrdin^ to the- eobfitidn Coifrfe- 6f Plfdlrf^
detice.* - There is-nfe^NktioA moi^ hadghty/
mt^e ofilftinate agaihft the Truths %^ more
fuU^ of their Superftitions and the Conceit of
■^ therf Ndbifity. tb^ c?^mpleat the'Mfiir<^fcime,
they- afe fcatter d abbiit in ail Party, ^Ipedal-
ly in ^le Courts of = J^i^rtces, wfcere Hieiy have
the prime Employnients, and mbft iiAp^tknt^
Aff^ir^ pafs through their Hands; '^ ' '^ '
lino. They being the P^ofeffors of Scii^h^esi VM'
CcV^ }t^^^ Pej^haps be pleas'd to underftand whar
^,n. ■ Notion ottght to be entertain'd oP r^^it- r^^
■ '•- • paciiy.
ces flouWft,M ^'°"n<^« 'o believe that Sfien-
we ftm ff , ?'"°"? ''•«'» '» fo"n" Times i
-ordW to the tear's- relatt^T-' •
i'erc^.f. f ^°^ ^^ ^'^'''^ Things , but if.
thev ?H-^ "^ '^^ ^"'"^"^^ of i'firft Being
i&iSuch ? Fr^'"' Defcription, a%„l'
Jh.ng good in their Books/ there aw kwjJ
ana then the God JBrama was form'd and X
SSin^^'^ defcendedr«'hiZ his "
Sta urT thet iS^'" ^''•* "''a *>'■ * S^g^n"=k '
as' ii^« »2 -Tivi s
ilf!
B ill *
Tfjird
jJi
^ge.
t ^^Hl
Hi
Fourth
1
4ge,
Atithm-
ikk.
1 1,6 2
Race, but inferior to that of thtf Brachmam.
Then Vice began to creep into the World ;
Mert liv'd ro three Hundred Years ; and
theit atature was not fo large as in the fifft
Age.
Next fiicceeded the Third Age, which laft-
cd eight Millions fixty four Thoufand Years.
Vice then increased very much , and Virtue
began to vaniih, and Men liv'd but two Huti-
dred Years.
Laftly came on the fourth Age, in which
we live, and the Life of Maii is fhortned three
Parts in four. In this Age Vice has whol-
ly prevail'd above Virtue, which is almoil ba-
nilh'd the World. They pretenJ there are
already dlapfcd four Millions twenty feven
Thoufand a Hundred ninety five Years of
this Age. Whatsis ftill more ridiculous, is
that their Books affign the Duration of this
Age, and fet down the Time when the World
is to have an End. Thefe arc Part of the
Follies wherein the Learning of the Brach^
mans confifts, and which they ferioufly give
out among the People.
I do not perceive that they have aiiy Know-
ledge of the Mathematicks, excepting Arith-
metick, wherein they, are well enough skill'd,
but only in the practical Part. They learn
their Art o'^ Arithmetick from their Infancy;
^nd caft up all Sorts of Accounts by their Fin-
gers, without the Help of a Pen , by mere
Strength of Imagination. However, I believe
they have fome Mechanick Method , which
is. a Rule to them for that Sort of Calcula-
tioh.
As
C"7]
that It has been m ufc among our Indmns.ro,.
■ 7**"""" ''^v« t''e Tables of the an-
cient Aftroisomers, for calculating of Eclip-
tI'^j^d j",?"' ''""^ ^° '"^'«= "'■'^ of them.
1 heir Pred:aions arc exad enough , even to
M,nutes, which they feem to be^norant of.
and wnereof there is no Mention in their
T^aZ,' *''^' "«^t of the Eclipfes of the Sun
and Moon. They themfdves in talking make
no Mention of Minutes, but only olGaris,
halt Gam Quarters and half Quarters of
tTZ'n, ,' '^ °"^ of their Hours , but
mudi fhorter than ours, for it confifts of on-
Tho- they know the Ufe of the aforefaid £,;,>/•„.
Tables, and foretell the Eclipfes . it is not *
to be imagm d that they are very skillfUl
in that Science ; all their Skill is Mecha.fi-
ca , and perform d by fome Arithmetical Cal-
21"tu'- ^'"? f^ altogether ignorint of
the Theory, and have no Knowledge of the
ConneSion thofe Things have amcng them-
leives. Some Brachman or other always ap-
ples hiinfelf to learn the Ufe of tholi Ta-
bles, which he afterwards ftaches his Chil-
dren ; and thus thofe Tabids, have by a Sort
of Tradition been tranfmitted from Fathers
to Sons ,_ and the Ufe that is to be made
1 ^h™T^*' *"!" preferv'd. They look up-
a^. n,?''^n^''°" ="> Eclipfe happens,
that ,?rK*"^^'':!.*'^.^"''"'g<=""» believing,
the si w*^ ^valb themfelves tiai' Day in
heir Si"„r*'" ' '^'y "' ^'""^'^ *'^°'» «n
T .
* 3
Having
wmm
li
4V
m'S!''' *' ■
!:1
C 118]
r;/a\v- Having but a falfe Syftem of Heaven and
'kSffrs ^^^ ^^^^^' ^^^y ^^" ^^^ greateft Extravagan-
•cies of the Motion of the Sun and other
PI -.nets. For Inftance, they believe, that the
Moon is above the Sun , and when we go
about to demonftrate the contrary to them,
by Reafons deduc'd from the Eclipfe of that
Luminary, they grow into a PaiTion, only
becaufe their Principles are contradiaed. They
farther believe , that when the Sun has en-
lightned our Hcmifphere, he hides himfelf,
during the Night, behind a Mountain. They
reckon nine Planets, fuppofing that the Sign
-> of Pifces rifing and fetting makes two real
Planets, and therefore call them Ragou and
Kedou. Nor c^n they be perfuaded that the
Earth is Round, but they afllgn it an extra--
vagant Figure.
Fknnof l^ is true, they are acquainted with the
4mf' *^^^^^^ ^-'^"^ ^^^^^^ Zodiack, and give them
the fame Names in their Language as we
do in ours ; but their Manner of dividing
the Zodiack , and the Signs whi^h compofe
it is worth relating. They divide that Part
of Heaven, which anfwers to the Zodia k, in-»
to twenty {even Conftellations. Each of thofe
Cpnftellations is composed of a certain Num-.
ber.of Stars they denote by the Ndroe of
fome Animal, or fpm< other inanimate Thing.
They make up thofe Conftellations of Pieces
of pur Signs, and fome other Stars that are
near to them. Tbe firft of their Conftella-
tions begins at Aries, and comprehends one
prr^vp ofji^'s Stars, with fome pthcrs ad-r
)oyning.\, xTiis they C3.l\' Achomni , whiqh in
their U.nfdagc %riifics a Hprie , becaufe
t-lT^I
m extra-
they bch^ye^it repirefents that Be»ft r /yhe
Secon4 i^r proceeding j^p ftill tow^4$ -^tau^
rm, and is call'd ,jj^^»^ ,, by R^fon tk&y
fancy jt reprefents an EJepham: , and fo of .
others. \ - s.\ .. - ..,.,,,„ ■*_
Each Siga'containV tw^'©f thpfc Coi.fteI-c^^^^^
lations and the Fourths Parr of another, y^hichUtLs.
makes juft twenty feven Gonftellations, in the
whole extent of the Zodiack, or twelve Signs.
They fubdivide each of the faid Conftella-
tions into four equal Parts, each of them
denoted by a Monofyllable, and confequent-
ly the whole ConfteJIation is call'd by an
extravagant Name of four Syllables , which
has no Signification, and only cxpreiTes the
four equal Parts.
They farther divide each Sign into Nine ... ..
Quarters of Conftellations, which are fo m^-^'ff"
ny Degrees, after their Manner, each of them
containing three Degrees and twenty Mi-
nutes of ours. To conclude , according to
the fame Principles, they divide all the 2o-
diack into a Hundred and eight of their De-,
grees ; fo that when they are for marking
out the Place of the Sun, they firft name the
Sign, then the Conftellation, and laftly, the
Degree, or Part of the Conftellation anfwer-
ing to the Sun's Place. If it be the firft
Part> they kt down the firft Syllable ; if the
Second, they put down the Second, and fo
of the reft.
I cannot give you any better Account of
the Learning of the Brachmans , who are fo
much refpeded by the Indians , and fuch
Enemies to the Preachers of the Gofpel. Not-
withftanding all their Oppofition , Chrifti-
T
A 4
anity
atiity dailv adranccis; We have how aftu-
ally four Miffions labbHrihg zealoufly for the
Converfion pf this njihicirous Peopk, dTc.
T&e reji of this Letter, is omittedy ds
only reUttng to pdrticuldr AWnirs
•.i.Rnyj..,
f-:rt.
J • 4 .'■-
■(..t-v 1 ■ I, . ,. ,-., .
vi;
1 1. 1 r a"- ' . ' ' ' .- ' ' ■ ;. ■ ■ ■ «■
, -tlfjfKlO i\V
t-f /J3flv ii.r:i '
jwZ 3fb
A N
. \
■■■"■ J ' . ;.".t.
' C i« D
iOW SL&VL"
\y for the
■- ■ ^^ ■ ■ .
2, &C.
X -I
dy as
■■•;"' AN
■ ■ ■
EXTRACT
1
■'.'ii siiu i,K siadj r,, .-:^
OF A^^NOTHEJl
f:rom the same
Ede la IAN E,
■i.\
Ui
A N
Tarkolauy 1705. .0 ifi^o gi
IT is now feven Months f!nce 1 enter'il np^
on the MifSon of Camate, and have my
;Refi4ence at Tarcolany a great City, up
the Inland, about the Height of Madras
^?lt ■ r'J'^^^' being in the Thirteenth Degree
of North Latitude. It is about 3 o Leagues di-
Itant from Pondhheryy ana featedon that vaft
Continent commonly caird the Peninfula, on
this Side the Ganges.
There are feveraJ great Cities in the faid
i'emnfula, and they are populous enough, but
nothing to compare to thofe in Eurot,, for
muty or Magni|i<^cc; the Houfcs IJaving
generally
Mtanu.*
ties itt
Indit,
r
iKi
ibfiont.
I ' 1 'I
Jrsek,
Knr,
Con,
Bwiu
Ipdians,
Bffach*
» - 1 -- . -
• •♦ - •* .
generally no better than Mud Walls, being low
4Jid thatch'd, . The chief Nations inhabiting
this Country, from Cape Coimri on the South,
as for as Agra j^t Capital of India , in the
North, are the Tamouifrs.the Badages, the Ma-
rattesy the Canaras, and the Moors ; which laft
have ^ iat^ Years made thenjielves Mailers of
mo.c of thcfe Provinces, ; ^
Thc^untry is hot," tfee Land dry and San-
dy, and there are but few Trees that bear
good Frui^ -There ^ abwjdance of Coco
and Falm Trees, of which th<^ make Arack,
whicj^is^ yW ftrong Liouor, and with whkfe
Men mat be^drunk. The JPlains a^ full «>f
*H^li tfcey£ft> produce Cdrh ,• but it is not
valud by tW Indians.^ the Herbs are good,
but being xiiiferent from ours in Europe^ we
iind a Difficulty to ufe durfclves to them.
The principal Sorts of Fruits in this Country
are the,mnlo, ^t\\ known pickled in E^^ope ;
the Boiana tefembling a Fig ; the Gnaya'&ai- not
wihke a Pear ; Water Melons, not fo good as
thole m Europe ; the Papayes of the fame Co-
lour as our ordinary Melons,, bw: thc-Flc&. or
Pulp of them not fo hnp. ,, ......
*uCo /"""^'T o/ ^>»e^ Farts are Polite- imt
thii Pohtenefs of theirs is to excefs, a«d iro«-
blefome. They are witt^, large of Body, well
u^ u ' ^"^ ^^^^ ^'°'^ ^^^ of thofe Vices
^k • ^?t^"^ ^^^ common ; among £//rfl/»erf».f.
4 heir Children go very Tooii ; they are fcarce
t^ree Months old before they begin to craiil
upon the Ground. At firllthey are Red/ or
Other of a deep Coffee Coloun
,. *^%R''.f^fnans, who are the Nobility and
rearne4Mei;.;bf the toimtt-y, are generally
1 uti'j^ becauie
C "3 3
becaufe crue Grandeur among the Indians is *
owing to Birth, and not to Wealth. They
jive frugaljv, never eating Fifh, Flefli, or Eess,
but only Rice, Milk, and fome Herbs. T&^ '
are the Prefcrvers of Sciences, and none bi
they are allow'd to ftudy and apply themfclvcts
to Learning. There being no Printing among
them, aU their Books arcl^lanufcript, in veryrri-
curious Charaaers, on Palm Ti^e Leaves.%.
They make ufe of an Iron Stile, or Bodkin,
to write with, and manage it with wonder-
ful Dexterity.
ui^^w ^^^^^^^ ^cre formerly counted very
able Men m all Sorts of Sciences , but they
have now loft very much of that Reput;^
A^j Ji^wever, they ftill pretend to under-
hand Aftronomy, and fome of them do fore-^/?,«,^
tell the Eclipfes. That of the Sun, which hap-»y.
ned m the Year 1704 was fet down in the
tJook calld Panjmgam, which is as it were
a Table of the Scafons of the Year. The
Calculation was not altogether cxaa, nor a^
greeing with that of F. Tachard , who ob-
ierv d that Eclipfe, and fet down the Time
ot It more prccifely ; the Beginning of it at
hfty feven Minutes paft Eight, the greateft
Darknefs of fix Digits at thirty Minutes paft
Nine, and the End at twenty eight Minutes
The Brachmans have alfo Books of Phy-w;vM
my but they are not of fo much Ufe as they ^ '
might be, becaufe they have fcarce any Know-
ledge of Anatomy. All their Skill, coniifts in
fpme Secrets and the ufe of certain Simplefii,
which they apply with Succefs. They have
a ^reat Value for their Hiflories,- which ape^//?„v
yr^fv^h v^u9, iiiiu conu^m tilt' tauuJQUS Ex-
ploits
=m:.4tmimm..
tl^
)l
hi
\ma\
ploitt of their Deities, and their maft renown-
ed Pcmtents. The moft abfurd Fable^ they
are fiU'd with, pzfs among ,them for undoubted
Truths. I have in my Houfe afa Idolater Br^ch-
many who fometimes reads i!o me one of" his
R)oks, caird Ramagenamy t^t is, the Life of
the God Ramen, The reading of it very of-
ten fo touches his Heart, that it moves him
to fhed Tears. ' •
took of The Book of the Lair, x^rit in Safneuferi^
rffttay. ^rtw, which is the learried Language, is moft
Talud among them, and yet there is no i^atl
among them who tinderftands it. However,
they learn it by Heart, being fully boflefs^d
Tr VP^^"^^"' th'aronjy the reciting
, <rf fomc Words of it is fufficietit to obtain Re-
^^ ttiiflion of their Sins. Notwithftanding I have
• reprefented to them, that the faid Law' being
underftood by no Man, is not only falfe but
^clcfs, and that the true Law eftablifli^d by
God, for the Salvation of Mankind, muft be
mtelhgible, to the End that all the World be
acquainted with the WiU of God, and the
Means appointed them to obtain Heaven ;
yet thofe Words have made no Impreffion
on them, fo fond are they of their ancient
Errors.
It appears through all thofe grofs Fables
they fpread abroad , that our facred Books
have not been altogether unknown to them ,•
for they riiake Mention of the Flood, of an
Ark, and of many more fuch like Things.
They affirm, that their God Ftchnou has ap-
pear d feveral Times on Earth for the good
of Men , fometimes in the Shape of a Man,
And fometimes in that of a Beait, or Fifh
They expe6b he will fhortly appear again
among them in the Shape of a Horfe,
There is no conlTdering fuch a deplorable
Blindnefs without being fenfibly concern'd ;
nor is it eafy to undeceive thofc People;
when we reprefent ta' them all the Extrava-
gancy of their Belief, they anfwer very calm-
ly^ that they offly ft5How the bare Word cf
God> ■ and t&t th^ are not wifer tl^n thek
Aiic^ors. and th^r BodSais. .Neyerthel^
there are fome Brachmam more ingenious and
clearer fighted th^^i ^ rel^ who freely own,
that all the People^ 'are taught is only a
Sed^ ^f Fables to amufe them, .but ih^y
ar^ very few ^i^h6 will make Ip liicere a
Confeflion.
if,*»=
TT
* > ■J'
^01 -'i P
■j-i;
:t*1i. ■>-
<J«.
..I .,;
■w XI
?,iTl57C
riTir
C"<3
111
FROM
Father i/y^^r//^
t -...,'..■
Miffioner of the SOCIETY of
jESVSmlndia,
T O
EFILLEITE,
Of the fame SOCIETY.
Maram, in the Mi/Hon orMadure, Novcta-
her 8. 170^.
. HxvlRrND Father,
H IS is the tenth Year fince I came
to this Miffion of Madure. Mara--
•va IS a great Kingdom, Tributa-
h^U^ ..^ ^y .^^.^^i' °^ A/^*/«rf. The Prince
^-,«.^ ew.vi«a ifc is Ajrioucary only in Name ;
for
FY of
E,
r Y.
Novem-
e I came
Mara"
rributa-
le Prince
Name •
for
fbt ht has a fuffic/eftt Power to oppt^ttit KM
of Mddutt, ihouid he go about tQ demarid hil
IhKbyYbrOeoCAtmi He is^n^bfblnte So-
vereigH, and has fet-eralother Printts ntidcr h|fe
Dominion, whom he tprns otit bf theit'Eftatei
when Jie p]eafcs. The King of Mdrai^^ h thfe
<m\y otft of thofe whb teign in the'vitt jExten^
of the Miffion of Madure, thithk's fhed tht
BFood of Mi^onw. 'tte f!ruck 'dfT'i^c Head
d^ P.^nde Britol 3LPmu^uefe,\^rid Jtli Dearli
was: fbllOwM by % <fttxcl I»erfecyti6n of hi$
Flock, which his ceased of late X^^rs, and th^
Miffion of Mara>6d ir now one of thfe moft
ftoitrifhing inan'jkMr ' ';■' •- -'-^it'^
^Nothing is more freqnent i^ft^n Ribbtfie^ Li» i^',*
dHd -Murdei^, par^ictil'irly in thai mdria l«i»'^ ^
atti-ctrAtmtjallytraV^rfing. The Mfeth<yd lail^''^*^
f6^':itty' Security is fb Mg one 'of tftttfd RbbI
k|tjrS,.wi^h me ,• fOf it fe' an ifivfol'aWfe la# ^1
in% thofe OurfaWs;^'ttof to ofSntf ^^tiy >et^
fohthajr'ptfts himf^rhnrdet the" JPfot^afo^ b^
Qtte Of their G^i^/ ft hapned dttce 'thit^^
oF'.«iem: ufFering to hifiilt Ttat^eli^i^s, Hvhix h^4
a Gmde- with ditm, he immi tiate^ efi Off
both his Ears, thfeatth'ng to idll hWelf , tf
they proceeded to c^efViolefifce: t^ R^H^ g^^^
hers were oblig'd, accotding to^t1\ei&ifom cjjfcwjS
fftfc Cotmtry, to ctJt otf their lai^^fb/ CoTrttf^"
f^ the Guide to do no iiOfe,''^t % f^tg
hik l.ife,^ that they iptififht not brnntf/f a Ne*^
ceffitr df kilhng f6tAe ;dhe of th^ir'G^t/ '.^
^ This is an exttkv^^ant Cuftdik ' Wiiiih wltf
fbrprif^you i bur ybii are to uTd&fti^d, thS
fettr^ditnong th,ofel%oi)i^. If kii^^ ,<^^'wd haji^^liotts
pens among them, and one fbt'tmAiCe puti
out his own Eyej gr Itiiljj hlmielf , the other is
cbli$'4
I
1
n if
m
tons
I
C 1.8 ]
AbliVd to do the like, either to his own Perfonj
or fome^ one of his Kindred. The Women
carry this Barbarity farther ,• for upon any
flight Ajafiront given them, or a ftarp Wdrd ut-
ter d, they wiU go run their Heads againft the
Poor of the Perfon that has offended them,
and the other is oblig'd to do the fajne by her
relf If one poifons herfelf with the Juice of
lome vcnoi^pus Plant, the other who occafion d
that violent Death, muU in Uke Manner poi-
fon herfelf i. otherwife they will burn her Houfe,
?"y:^?way her Cattle,' and do her all Sorts of
Mifchief till the Satisfai^on be given.
They extend this Cruelty to their own Chil-
Rh^, i^^' ft^^^ii!®^ ^*^"S ^"<^^ > ^ut a few Paces
nmtiee. fr^^ ^^^ qj^.^^^j^ ^ ^^h^nc^ I have the ho-
nour to write to you, two of thofe Barba-
rians falling out, one of them ran Home,
fnatchdupaChild about four Years of Age^
and returned to his Enemy to dafli out the Boy's
Brains between two Scpnes. The other wi;l>^
out ihowing the leaft Concern> took his Daugh-
ter, who was but Nine Years old, ani ftruci^
his Dagger to her Heart, faying^ Tour Child
inas hut four Tears of Age , my Daughter 'mas
. . . iV/K^5 ^w^ me a VtElim. equal to mine. J, will,
.So'fPy? the pther, and feeing his eld-ft Son
clofe by him, who was upon Marriage, itau-
^^d him four, or five Times with Jiis D^g-
cer. Not fatjsf/d. with the Murder ptViSs
wo Sons , :ha kilfd i^s V/M alfo , tb oblige
the other to m his. T]© conclude „ a little
Oirl and a Jjck^ng.Bahe .were, flaughter'd; ; fo
'- -T^^^J^^^^W? ^^res/acriiic'd one^Jay^to,
«i.iv.J*V^ ^^y^^ ot two enragkl Men, more.cru^
fl than- fly? :ferceft Beaflf' '' "^'t^.- W.
•>* o
Ofic^ ^(icq
<j ii
#^--«^
i"^
!Mf
ave
I have now aftually in my Church a young
Man who fled for Refuge among us Chri-
ftians, having been wounded with a Spear
by his Father, who dcfign'd to kill* him, by
•that Means to bblige his Enemy t6 kill his
own Son. That Barbarian had before ftab-
bed two of his Children, upon the fame Ac-
count. Such iiihuman Inftances will rather
appear fabulous to you thin real ,• but allure
yourfelf I am fo far front magnifying, that I
Could produee Others n6 lefs Tragical. How-
ever, it muft be own'd, that this Cuftom, fo
contrarjr to all Humanity, is only in Ufc a-
mong the Race of Robbers, and that even
among them many cautioufly avoid contend-
in§ » ^r Fear Of being oblig'd to come to
thofe Extremities. , I know fome who being
at Variance with others that were ready to put
that Sort of Villany in Execution, convey'd a-
way their Children, td prevent their murdering
of them, and being oblig'd themfelves to dc-
ilroy their own.
Thofe R.obbers ate abfolutc Mafters of alij/,^ r,-,,-
this Country ; they pay no Tax, or other Ac- cannot
knowledgment to the Prince j they come out/«*^"«
of their Woods every Night * fometimes five f' ^'^
or fix Hundred ftrong, arid go plunder the
Villages round about them. The King has
liitherto labour*d iti vain to reduce them, ftve
or fix Years ago he led all his Forces a^ainft
them, penetrated intd the Woods, and after
having made a great Slaughter of thofe Re-
bels, ercfted a Fort, into which he put a
good Garrifon, to keep them in Subjeftion j
but they foon fhook off the Yoke, and ger-
ting together about a Year after thai Exw-
aition, lurprii'd the Fort, raz'd it with the
}^ Ground,'
At
I.
E »3^ 3
Ground, /put a11 the^painfon to tifie Sword,
and vcmsiinid. Maftcri of all the Country. .
Since Aac Jmc,'&y Tjfjread a Terror all
abpijt. f JTHis Mojaicnt I have ^ecelv'd Idfor-
matio^v/j'that a Party oftHeirs, ^our Days
' agp> _,] ' mder'd a ^reat Town, 'and that thx;
Inhabitiaints havip^ flcbd upon their. Defence,
t)|p in^ll; zealous^. qij* n^y Converts Was ^th^rd
icill^d attt^r a very cruel Manner. Mot much
abqvc a'lijpntJi fince. a Kinfman ofHis, a very
piouyPerrbrt, had tlie fame Fate ih a neigh-
bourme Town. It Is'reckned that thofe Out-
Javjr^ nav^ ruin'd above looopen Towns with-
in .this;.^ Year.* n 7/ ^, V r
0««,«., . X>io:;it Be v^^^fSM^'fSt ffie. Fafth 't^
^dv^ncje much in a Place, whei-e fiich detefta-
-blfi ^raj&kjces prevail, yet I have a C6nfid(^rable
'Ni^mUf^.^f Conyerts ^ .efpecialiy it'V4llhur;
Avhicn-i;]fjflieirX'^^guake ugriifies If/hite ^ovm^;
jinjd jpiyVgr'eateff , Coipto^ durittg'my ftioi't
Refidencehere , ' tfi^ amidft all tlits. Vrolence
..,;;» , randJR.aaitie, - noii3^ -qf. the, ne<v CWlftiins ai^
*^'%i^;^ ^^'^4^ tl^;|fbl?benes Jof ^eir qoun-
»»A-Uvs\ jtr^^'m?^^;^ . ^v . . • , f ' ^ ,' [, ■;
•^-^^ •*'• ^..-^Qv^flcveV^ ■ 6ne ;Thin^ has hapAtd , ^Mch
••"' ;g'rievjdr^e very iintich; Qiie of the. Idolater's
a^f tl) jit;gr.fcat Toi^^n tfeem d ' to 'me to bt: Very
.Vetl in^clia d to eji^jp'race CH^ii^ianif^ 'y he lias
^qn« rolf. thofe. Obijtafles wfTich det^r miriy
Ircfo- -othe'^s Vrhis Race. His "Wife and Childfai
lute In- ^Jj^^ afe^dyXLri^wns, and'it t^ey 'm^^^ i^
*^**"* ;Dfy'j%irg their JiT^ he "fails not
.t-c^^Baprimand them jeverely, and havin^g fo tif-
^en h$^d thf m . {a^d , he ha s learnt theih W
JlH^rt-i; Ifi fiiort, ' Jte Worfh i|?s no Id ^!s, ilor
>agv of.thc faife Jjeities-. which aie'caird U^on
ill the Country. Being.fo well qualify 'd, I thOUgftt
it
C •?! ]
it wo.:l<i be no hard Matter to gain him orfer
to. the Faith. Neverthelcfs, when I came to
talk to him of Baptifm, and of the Impoffi-
bih'ty 6f hh obtaining Sliivation, unlefs hfe be-
came a Chriftian, he appear'd to rtie wavcr-
"irig, and uhcertain what Courfe to take. 1
cmbrac'd him fev^ral Times, uttering all that
I thought mi'^ht move him ; my Words drew
fome T» vs From his Eyes, but eould not fix
the LTnfteadinefs of h'S Heart.
Thefe CrofTes lye heavier upon a MiflJoneri
-! Ml thofe occafion'd by the Climate, or the
f^rfe-ution of the Infidels. I haVe had m3-
t\y more, efpedally thefe lall Years* when Wari
Famine, and contageous Diflempers have ruin-
ed this Colintry, but am oblig'd to concUide
my Letter, for fear it fhould not come to Pon-
dichery before the Ships arc gone.
I hope to receive great AiMance of the Ca-
techifls, who are maintained by the Charity of
fome virtuous Perfons, that have apply'd them-
felves to you, to fend me their Alms, b? aflifl-
ing in returning them my Thanks.
I had alniofl forgot to anfwer a Queflion Msijiu
your Reverence has ask'd me, •v/z,. Whether
there are any Atheif}^ among the People ? All the
Account I can give you is, That there ; ^ally is
a Sed of Men, who feem to profefs the own-
ing no Deity, and are call'd Nastagher > but
there are very l^ew of it. Generally all the Peo-
ple of India worfhip fome Deity ; but ahs !
they are very far from the Knowledge of the
true God. Being worfe blinded by their Paf-
fions than by the Devil, they form to them-
felves monflrous Notions of the Sovereign Be^
mSf, aild vnil r.■lnnn^ rr\r\r(*\trf^ r\r\ ntUt*- »tj*1/»
Creatures they lavifh Divine Honoiirs. I do
'"SI
n
C 13O
not believe there ever was in Antiquity a mott
jgrofs and abominable Idolatry than that of In-
dia, Po not ask me wherein their principal
Errors confift, we cannot hear them nam^d
without blufhing, and it will certainly be no
Detriment to you to be ignorant of them;
Pray to God, &c.
Reverend Fa thiKi
Your mofl Humble
and moftObedieftt
Servant in our Lordj
I ^ PET* EM. MARttTii
A LET-
ty a mott
lat of /»-
principal
tn nam^d
ly be no
of them;
r/M
C 'w J
ii
FROM
E SANTIAGO,
Miffioner of the Sbciety of J ESVS m
JJ^^.J'ngdora of iM^^^^r, in the Eafi
To THE
R. F. Emanuel Saray,
Provincial of the Province of Gm.
t FT* I ^f'^^^^'' ^^^^ ^- '^7^1*
Reverendi Father,
FAther Dacmha was the firft Miflioncr
^Tn^ ^5;? verence fent into the Miffion
Of MatJJour fitter you govern'd the Pro-
Kj
The
ii
i
[134]
The old Church F. Dacunhay had in the Do-
minions of the King of CagomU having been
burnt by the Mahometans, be djefign'd to build
one much larger , to contain a Multitude
of People ; bccaufe Cljriftianity made a dai-
ly Progrefs there. He obtain'd Leave of the
Chief of the Towa, without muclp Diifficul^^y,
and ha^v^g fow^d a convenient Pl^ce^ ^^^W
to er^ the Strudure. ' - , * 4
Having as yet no Houfe to live inj he tooTc
' np his Lodging in a Wpod^ under a Tree,
where the Chriftians liad made him a fmall
Hut of the Boughs of Trees, that he might
rtfide jki It with f^me Deceiicjf, aft4 the'lefs
iiicoiw<:nicncy. A Multitude of -Qentils fe-
lortcd thither to vifit the Miflioner. They
were d^awin th^thjQii, partly by/ ^hf,.g9<i4 At]'?'
count th^y had h^a^d of him, and jp^^tly be-
caufe they were charm'd with his Diicopr-
fes concerning Religion. Many of them wbre
fenfibly touch'dr , \nd pyqmis'd to embrace
Chriftianity, and fome allow'd their Children
to be baptiz'd. ^, ^
Indian Several Dafferis , Djfciples to the Gouv^i^
Notion of wh^ is the Chief in Religious Matters with
the King of Cagonti, came from him to the
MifTioaer, to diij^utc wif Ji hjnp.; ; the Airgu-
ment roul'd upon two Points. They deny'd
the Unity of God, and maintain'd that he
had a Body. n.;or,* ; . -^
It was no difficult Matter for the Mif-
fioncr to confound . them, and^tth^ir CoA-
fio*> vfas- advantagoxUiS to ((^Yf^ral G^ntils of
^ other ^^^ tl^t wtfir^ prefen;!^ j,^mj9k(l of them
were mpv'd , and^, dclVd the Ji^ifl^onet to
inflrud them. ' But 'the Dajferis -^ -syho hai(
God,
been, fo hai^ghtj^ before the Difputp , i>aci
not a Word t,o fa^ fo} then^fclves', and
weo,t away, tl^reatning the Father, ^hat;" they
woujd foon reveng<? the ASjront doncL to theni
a^4 ^o thjeir peities.
The ChriAiaris being, careful for the Safe-
ty of their Paflor, cortiiir'd him to lye at
Night io bis oli}. ChurQlji tho* th^ire' .wer^
ojaly, thjc . Walls K^lf biirnt d9wn remaining ,
b'ecauCe ^i^g ^ithin i;he Town^ he wo'ul d be
in lef^ liang^r ;. but' Ife, ' valuM ' not .Vb'pfcf
Threats, aijd chiefly rely 'd on the favqurabl^
Recepti^on he had frgni the T'^/iai;^/, or 'Ge-
neral of the Kings Forces, aqd the' AlTu-
i^nces he had given him' of Protf;^ion. ^/ ^'
iHJis new Church being Btiifti'd , he p.repar'd
tf>. ' celebrate the Feaft of the Afceniion in
fi* not j-egarding .the Plots the Dfijfms were
contriving againli him : ' The Chriftians bie-
(ng aflembkd, he began Majfe, whiih wa^ the
firft and laft he laid in that Church. '
During the Time of ^jlafs , thete came
tOi;tY Differis y^itk Bani^ers , and ^.bearrn^
Ktj^ttie ^rujns , and playing on Hautboy^:
The ^lagitftrate of tibe Place , who had d-
vcn Leave to open the Church , lent for
one of the • Chriii^ians that were ax Mafs's
and difpateh'd him with Speed to the Coui;t.
He carry'd th^ News of what was d<^iiig
to the- 'latavay, and was to return with
his Orders. The Father , after the Mafs,
made a fhort Exhortation to the Chriftians,'
encouraging them to fyfier the laft Extremi-
ties for. the Caufe of Christ. ; ' -> ^
iw.
%
mi ■■^«arnHiimM|i>iniii.«miiim-i^...
p*
I ' fiH
By this Time fome 'of the Dajftris were
come , and had pofted themfelves before tSe
Church Door, to obferve the Miflioner",
left he ftiould make his E/cape. ' The Father
was feniible there was ho lefs Danger for
him in going put than flaying there , and
was, befides, apprehenfive of expofing the
Chriftians to the Mercy of 'their Enemies,
and therefore chofe to flay in the Churchi
and there expeft the Talavays Anfwer.
Before that could co^ne, above fixty Daf-
ferisy follow'd by a great Number of B^ach-
mans, appear 'd before 'the Church Door, and
meeting with no Qppofitioii , '' An at the
money Father. One of the Brachmans ftruck' him
faulted, ^l^l, a Cudeel acrofs the Reins, which BTow
was follow'd by many others ; fome ftriking
him with Staves, others with the Buts of
Spears , and others with Swords. Had %
not been for a Brachmw, who had been pre-
fent at the Difput^ about the' Unity of God,
and who took the Father'^ Part, he had
been kill'd at the Foot of the Altar.'' That
Brachman was not of the Sed of the Dajfe^
vis , 'and perhaps was made fenfible of the
Truth. '^ ■'• * -' . :
Examn- At laft the Father was dragg'd before the
ei hythcCourou, ^all wounded arid bloody. 'That In-
Oourou.jj^el was ^^iittii^^on a Carpet, and ftow*d
as much Pride arid PafTion, as the Miflio-
ner did Conftancy and Humility. The Gou-
rou firil gave the Father fome Language of
Contempt , then ask'd him , Who lie was >
Whence he came ? What Language he fpoke ?
aj\d what Race he was born in ? The Fa-
^cr made him n.o Anfwer, and the Gomou
' I.
t 157 J^
attributing his Silence to his Weakncfs, que-
ilioird'the Catechift, who ftood by the Far-
ther. He ahfwer'd. That the Father was a
Xchatri, the Hace of the Xchatrisy or Rajas^
is the Second in India. Then the Gourou
proceeded to Queftions concerning Religion,
asking the Catechift, What is God ? He is a
Sovereign of infinite Power, reply 'd the Cate-
chift : What do you mean by thofe Words, add-
ed the Gmirou ? The Catechift endeavour^'d
to htisfy him. They fpent fome Time in
thofe reciprocal Queftions and Anfwers, and
at length the Catechift faid. That God was
Lord of all Things, ff^jat is that Lord of
aU T/hi'ngs , I fay again , added the Gcurou ?
Theh the Father took upon him to anfwer>
and faid. He is a Being of himfelf, indepen^
dentt a pure Spirit , and moji perfect. The
Gourou laagh'd out aloud at thefe Words, and
rejoyrt'd ,' Tes , Tes , I viill foon fend you to
fee whether your God is nothing but a pure
Spirit. The Father anfwer'd. He would be
tv-illing to demonftrate it to him, if he had
a Mind to learn. The Gourou was not ig*-
norant of the Succefs of the former Dif-
putes, and fear'd to engage in another, which
would infallibly have turn'd to his Confu-
fioh, anrd therAj're was faitisfy'd with asking,
whether Brumal- of Tripudi- was a God ? That
is an Idol much' hotiour-d in the Country.
The Father anfVerd in the Negative. There-
upon the Gourou flew out into a Paffion,
and . call'd the Magiftrate of the Town to
witnefs. He had certainly put the Father to
Death upon the Spot, but that fome Gen-
tfiJs being raov'd to Cotnpaflion , conjur'd
•5>
hin? w^th Tears, to. fpare. vfhat little Life
rein^iq,d in th^. Miffioncr, a^d not to im-
hjrew his Hands, in ^le fmaJl, Quantity pt
Blood; Training in his Veins.
Oneof ii^s Cppjrerts,, and two a,ndent Chri-
ftians ftopd by him ufxkuntedv a;id his Ca-
techift receiv'd a Strode of a Cimiter. The
Chief of the Dafferis peifceiving t;hat the Peo-
ple and the Brachmam^ who were nat of his
Sed, pity'd the Mi/)Spner» commaiided him
im^mediacely to depaift th^ Country , and np,
Intrea.ties could prevail, but he n?i,uft be gone
that Nighty and, Guards appointed to fee him
out of the Kingdoni. He lay tha,t Nigh|t in,
a wea^ Condition in a VUl^^ey where there^
were <bme Chriftians, and was r^encc witl|
much, Di^culty remov'd to Qi^magati^ the
Princip^.1 Place of his Refidence.
Tl\e Chriftians there fcnt an Expreis to gives*
xne Notice of his Condition, I repair'd to,.
and a^fted hiiii, and he dy'd the eighteenth!
Pay after he had receiv'd all thac ill Uifag^
firoin the Brachmam 2i,\^d, D/tff^rJs . ^£ C(i»,^
ITie 'talavay was very, ^lych ^oi^^ernd at
y^ jyaiunhds Death. li^ wprifon'd the Gm-
MUy who had been tl^e O^cafion of it, with
Orders, to allow him nothing to eat for three
Bays. KEe is faid to have been released out of
PrilpA at, the Suit of the Brachmans, who are
his Friends, after paying iixty Pagodes. Th^
J>ajferis concern'd with him in ^he Murder,
were all fin 4, tp pay for the Cure of the
Chr^ians, who had ^^en wWdcdj whet^ier
the Fmes were levy'd I know not, but the Chri-
ftians receiv d no Advantage by them. The
Yalavay has caiis'd the Chriftians to be affur'd,
that another. Brother of the Dead- Miflione^
(hould fucceed him at Cangoti, ^
k
Revdrend Father,
-.J
•♦■
Your moft Humble
■ ^' '■" t "■ ^'
and pif^D: Obedient ,
itrvant in our Lord, »
ANTaKft DE SANT'IAGO^
- . :^ Miflfon^F of „^Jie Spcit?!;^^^ |
pf JESUS.
- ■-.*- ..I*
■r
1
!».»,• V T • e .
-4
• *f -«
X
A I., i T-
' »
C*40 J
■ " " T
I
LETTER
FROM
Father /^G4G
Miffioner of the SOCIETY of
J MSV Sin India,
T O
F. CHARLES POREE,
Of the fgme SOCIETY.
ChinnabaHaharam, January lo.' 17051;
Reverend Father;
YOU know we have now been fomc
iTIV 'h K^'^^dom of Carnate.
and founded a Miffion there upon
tu^ef. li^'tJ'ai^K^'^ '^ ^^5.t of the L^
^..tj, ^,^,«^, ^^ xviaaan-. We meet with
fomt
nou.
I t4t 3
fome Difficulties as they did , and pethzps
greater. We have now very lately labour^
under one- of the moil violent Storms this
your Miflion has hitherto known. The Daf- Daffeij*
Jeris, who make a particular Profcflion of hd^ ^»^om
nouring ^jchnou , one of the Indian Deities , ^'^***
had long labour'd under Hand to put a Stop ^ '*
to the Profgrefs of the Gofpel, but in vain.
Perceiving that all their private Contrivances
avaird them not, they refolv'd to appear
barefac'd, confiding in their Numbers, and
the Eafinefs of the Prince in granting what-
foever they demand.
On Neiv^Tears-Day , when the Chriftians
were coming out of the Church, our Court
was oh a ludden full of People. A great
Number of Dafferis was there, with fome of
the Soldiers belonging to the Palace, and fe-
veral Perfons of all Races, whom Curiofity^
had drawn thither. The Chief of them de-
Hr^d to fpeak with the Miffioner. F. de la Fon-
taine came to them, and difcouriing them on
the Greatnefs of God, fhow'd of what Coa-
fequence it was to know and ferve him. Tljofc
who had not before fetled a Prejudic*? feem!d
well pleas'd with the Difcourfe, and applaud-
ed it; but thofe who had been fent by tlie
Vichnouvifl Gouroux, that is the Prieils of the
Indian falfe God Vichnout raiiing their Voices,
threatned they would foon revenge tlie Gods
of their Country, whom we rendeFd con-
temptible. The Miflioner calmly anfwer'd,
that he taiight all Mankind the Truth, ai^d
that none but fuch as embraced it could arriyi?
at that Felicity which they might all claim.
Thus that AfTembly broke up ; oxxt M^-
tlireatncd
<9
.i
I ni p
C HO
^thfcatiied no lefs than d^ftrbyfrig'diT'^tr Chur-
ches, iar-a expelling us the CouHtry, as had
. btfen niftrVd by the tteathen Priefts it Chrlia-
tatta-y k fmall Town about three Leagues
from 'heriee, 'Whofe Income decr*eais*d as the
NumlWr of the VdtMpp^ts of Vichnou di-
mirlifh'd."' . ^
Gnat The titk Morrtihg, being the Sfetond Of
Jumult. January, Ve Were iriforih'd, that the Dajfer'u
were aflfei^bling vdry nuberous* in the Sqtiares
of the Totvn. The threatning Cries of thofe
Mutineers , the l^oife of their Drums and
Trumpets, rending the Air on all Sides, ob-
ligU the Prince to ferfd tu^o Bracbrhans to ac-
'<iuaiht:us' With that Commotion, dnd Order us
.'to deiiart the To.^n, %r that hecOuld not
'6thei^ife-<5[upll that multitude , Which Was
riis'd'Onljr upon oiii' Account. ' F. de la Fon-
tam-'inC^^trd, that hfc pay'd the uthioft Re-
fpea t<y the lealf Order from the Prince, and
did riot q^ueftion but that he would do hitn
juMtt: '■■■■
■^iL -^*^'^!^i!,^^"^e 'Time, tfVelJ^/mrfc^^ hy
'^t^eaf Throng of People, eaitte t6 adault oar
ChvdccK-' The Court, and a large Scjuare there
is opi^fite to it beib'g boHi too little to coh-
ram Che' Multitiide, many got on the Walls
and neighbduring Hbufes to fee what Would
be d6ne^.- -The Dajferis cry'd out, in a hideous
.Manner', that i( we ttfus'd to depart the
Country,; we ftbulcl be delivered up 'to thefn.
jThe 'Mutitlous Mob anfwer'd with opprobi'i-
'Oils Ljtngtiage, arid all of them confpir'd a-
^mk us ; and among fo great a Number
there was not one to fpeak for, or take Corti-
/pafljOn^n us.^ Wejiad certiiinly been facrific'd
tc^ thiC Rage of the Uafferis, had'not the Prince's
Father-
Fathcr-fn-law, who holds the lirft Phcc in the
Kin|ciom next to him, ^nd has the Dircftion
of Civil Affairs, fent Soldiers to curb thofe
Mad-men, and fupprefs th^ir Difbrdcrs. THfe
Tumult did not end till Night, whi^n they
xlrew off to the Fort ,• and to terrify the
Prince, t61d 'the Prime Men, they would cer-
tainly kill th^mfelves, if we were n6t expcli'd
the Town. The People were fo outrageous,
that to prevent a greater Tumult, Guards were
plic'd at the Gates of the Town, and of the
F ortrefs.'
I could not but admire the particular Di-
vine Proteftion, upon that Occasion ; for th6*
the Infurreaion was general, tho' the Prince's
"Faiher-in-lkw was himklfz Da ffery, and tho*
the Prince was fuperftitioufly addifted to falfc
Deities, ya the neceflHry Orders were given,
and as much Care taken t)f Our Safety, ^ if wc
had been fupported by the greateft Friends it
'Court.
Not that they laid afide the Thdiights of
banaifliing us the Town ; for we had feve-
'ral Meflagcs fucceflively from the -Prince, ad-
conrpir*d our Ruin. We returned tbrat Pri6dc
Thanks forf his Care, but did not approve if
his Advice ,* becauf% bi^r Departure woilFd
ha'^e been foHowM bjr the ^Lbfs tSf all the 'Ati-
'V>anta^es giain'd to Oiriftianitv, and mtifc haf^c
deprived its^of all Hopes i6f advanding in Time
to the Norrfiward. Befidcs, had W^je dnce "quit-
ted our Church, they would hate -beeh^fa-ftr
fi-om permitting ^to tetirn fe ft.4i¥3t%Kfy
WQuli
C '44 3
would aJfo have cxpell'd us that we have at De*
vanpaUt;.
Hereupon we anfVer'd the Prince , That
the God we ferv'd would prote<ft us againft
our Enemies* if it were for his Glory, and
if not , that we were refolv'd not to quit
the Church but with the I.ofs of our -ives.
The Tumult iHlI continued, and we expefted
every Moment, either to be delivered up to
the Dajjerisy or cJfe to be forcibly expcll'd the
Town ; but God vifibly took upon him our
Protedion, raifing to us Advocates, who oi
, their own Accord apologiz'd for us. As fooh
as it was known throughout the Town, that
the Dajferis wcr^ affembling again, a great
Number of the Prime Merchants, of the Com-
mpnders of the Forces, and other coniiderablc
Perfons came to our Church. Only the Cu-
riofity of feeing us had drawn them .thither ;
but they were fo pleased with the Difcourfc
F. de la Fontaine made them, that at parting,
among other obliging Words, they promis'd to
ufe their lutereft for i\s.
So fudden a Change immediately followed,
that we could but afcribe it to the immediate
Hand of Providence. They began to pity,
and forbear di/lurbing of us ; but what was
much more grievous than all they had done
before, our Enemies bent all their Malice
agamli: our Converts-^ Amidft that raging
Storm, nothing was more comfortable than to
behold the Zeal of thofe new Chriftians, who
all to a Man talk'd of nothing but fhedding
their Blood for the faith ; they went into
■the pubhck AfTemblies/ and were hot afraid
.^O" gw Teftimonies of jhe Relidph they pro-
--«^ itisai
#..«.:5w*
rrw , C 145 j
Ws d, fpertding 411 the Night in Priyer. to beg
TrS ^'"^ "" ^°""8^ '° withftand aU
giving pSe to '^.^r"'- '^°*''' "".*« Town ;r.«/«^
o,r ^K,. u ' "fP^'n'W'ng any that came to £»««.
our Church to draw Watifi. Thus the Chri- """■>-*-
c™U%T'"P!"'*'''^''^'"^^«">R='«'; they"""-
K.^ "^" ''*^' ='"y Commerce with their
ProfrL' """^ *"'''' ?*/''' *°f«; ^'I'O follow fucb
SuDof r.//f ^ abfolutely rte.feflary for rhe
coSL. -^ ^^^-.^ ^ *""' ''y 'his Sort of Ex-
and „hi'"i'°" '5'y were declar'd infamous i
Snl/h ^ to depart the Town. Nothing
b^iceTX ^^'^'"g,*° "^ than this Aaioni
becaufe of the fatal Coufequences to Reli-
afc'^r^j"n", ?^y ^^^^ the publifliihs of the
tll^'i^'^u'^T"' ^'Chrirfian Woman com-
1 !/!?. K ""'■' f*? ^"^"'"g P'^^y"' feu into
a Wul, between thirty four or thirtv five Foot
o2.' nJ'-^r'^^ "'^'■^ "'»' '""tee any Water,
"ther Chnfiian- who follow'd, hearine her
k7 T'^'/^'i '" "" ^"t H^'P in the Nlioh,.
,h?vf? k' ''"f.T"^ -""^h furpr.z'd, wfien
they faw her climb up a Rope That had been
let down to her, without the leaft Hurt re-
ceiv d. The very Gentils who had hapned td
cl?a-J'^ °,'i'i "'*' ""'y *e God of the
Uiriitians could have wrought fuch a Won*
. However, the Gouroux ftil! fend their Dif-
ciples about to all the Houfes, to terrify the
ChriUians. Many have been already expell'd
from among their Kindred, and continue un-
ftaken m their Faith, A/Hft us in praying to
yod, that he will vouchfaft to grant them all
Lourage and Strength to perfcve"re, for at the
h Time
Time when I am writing, the Storm is not laid.
I am with much Refped
Rb V B R B N D F A T 2i £ R,
Tour mod Humble
aad mod Obedienc
Servant in our Lord^
S'TEPHEN LE GAC,
Miflioner of the Society of
JESUS.
A LET.
^»47j
f 0';tr^
LETTER.
FROM
E PAP IN,
Miffioner of the S OC I E T Y of
JESVS,
iii
T O
Kk GOB I EN,
Of the &mt $ O C I E T Y.
Bengate^ December iS. 170^.
RiVERfiKD Father,
IUnderftand, by the laft Letter I received
•irom your Reverence, that you would be
pleas dl ftould communicate to you what
^u.. r^^^^ ^ ^V' ^^^^ »P«>n ^cveml Things
that have appeared mod worthv m^ QhC^^^
tion w tJiw Country. I wift my'Buiinefs would
. ^ * have
have permitted me to give you the SatisfaffciOtt
1 defire. What I now write is only a Ihort Ef*
fay of what I may perhaps fend you hereafter^
if this proves acceptable.
To come to the Point j this Country affords
the moft copious Subjed of any that I know,
to wf ite corfcerifiirfg Mechanick A^ts |fnd Phy-
Excelletit fick. rThje Handicrafts here aiie ingt^i^us^ and
^dftf" ^P^t to A^imiratioik.. They pi.»tu:^arly e3t-
mJiiu ^^^ ^^ making of Muflins, fo extraordinary fine,
that very broad Piec(^^ o^] them may be drawn
through a Ring.
Wonder- If you ihouId,tear in t^o a Piece pf our Mu-*
/"^ . flin, and ^ive it to bui*^ Fine-drawers to put
if^Mur- ^Oi?^^^^^ %ain, you would not be abk to dif-
//„(3/'^yjjCover the Place where it had been parted, tho*
&c. you hailTei, fome Ma,rk to know it by. They
joyn broken Earthen-Ware and Glafs fo artifi-
cially together, thaf it does not appear to have
been broken. ^ .^ ' r%
GoU- '^^^ Goldfmiths wOrk^mofl curioufly in Fili-
fmithi, gr'-^f >^ ^h^ imitate all £«ro/'^^w^ Works to
Perfe^ton,N an^ yei the ;.f^rge they make ufe of,
and*^ all their other Tools do not toft them
above a Crown.
, 'Jill tlie Js^ceflaries jbelotitging to a Weaver do
not amount to above that Sum, and yet with
fuch Implements they are to be feen at Work in
the middle of thcir'v Coiirt, or on'^thc High-
Ways, weaving thofe curious Webs fo much va-
lued all the World o\'^er. ^ ^' '«' ' ^ n j v i } I.
There is no lieed of Wirie here fbLniilking of
flrong Waters, they make them of Syrrop, Su-
gar," foma fiatks, r.and-fbtne Roots, and that
Strohf -Water burns, beiccr, and is* as ilrong as
any ia')Euirvpe. •../ liiom L . ■
Weaver:
Strong'
Haters,
V I
They
fee foare Vcffek .i^thl^.m^i-iH, *>? cool^
of Water, ^yWh^are .(.^;t.l,if k«-,t%n>W« Shew
Uur Watef-men row afttr a very diflereiwr^,^
their Foot,.^;jrf t{,eif fes:(^^ o^,To,jRjPp ' ""^
:- Their I?y,e is neV9r,,tl3e Av9rfe for Wiili-D,f«.
w.>T^ ^^^^-"^^^ "J ^«''''i>^ prick" th9jr;0'4n0;c«^
with a Cjoftd to m^.ke,t/iem go on, ours only
turn their T^ih. T)^k Ammals are:«ra'or- .
dinarydoc^je 5 they. ire taught to lye down
^^/^9 '"5»rK> ^^^9-^M lay db^n theif
purden. ^^,.., ; -•". ^ » ' . t
Tl^ey^tnaic^ ule li^re of, a Ha[hiirmili;'to %«r-
bruife ^the. Svi^ar-can^^, . w^ich #e?i5i9p'' coft mk
ten pO^s. ,\, „ ,' i . tr . '** *' ,
f- ^^§^. makes'S^^;^;;StQne^^^ Uk^ Grind.
A M*f ^vi.1 floor t^e^largeft Room with a ;tf,r,„,.
Sort 9f X^mcttt, made of poiinded Briqk and '
^'^^}o'm UKe one mtire$tone,
harder thap^ Pebble,^ ^ ' ' ' '
Foot
tweep
t ?^ !P,W Preftnc!?, and only made faft tp
that tofevetil Knots iH it i . they hold otte < '-^'^
End bevWieA their Teeth, and by rtieihs of a I*! ^'■
B>t of Wood, that hangs ,t9 the String, the^r ca- '""'".
iciier liear, common-
ly tall dtiia HJorth or-Poliii' Star.
Umc
Betde.
jButt'er^
how
madef
Cheat in
luttfi.
GymlJIs,
Phyfi'
pians.
t I5b ]
Lime is commonly made of the Sea Shells ;
that which is made of Snails Shells ferves to
%hiitc-waih the Houfcsi and that of Stone to
chew with JBetele Leaves. There are fonie
who. take the Bignefs of an TE.gg of it every
pay." \-:--' ■ ■
'-Batter i$ m^e in the iirft Pot that comes to
Hand ; they <i)lit a Stick into four Parts, and
open it proportionably to the Pot , the Milk is
iriy and turn it every Way, by means of a
Stn>g made faftto it, and in fome Time the
Butter comes.
Thofe who fell Butter, have an Art to put it
off as ftefhj when it is ftale and fmells ftrong.
To that Pttrpofc they melt it, and then pour
over it fome four curdled Milk, and eight
Hours after they take it out in Lumps, flrcin-
ingit through a Cloth.
The €hymifts make ufe of any Pot they meet
with to redify Vervillion, or for other Mercu-
rial' Preparations, which they perform after a
very eafy Manner. They make no Di^culty
of reducing all M^aJs to Powder ; 1 have been
my felf an Eye-witncfs of it. They put a great
Vaftie tipon Talk and Coperace, which diey
fay, take off the mbft vikous Humours, and
remove the moft fettled Obftruaions.
The Phyficians are more cautious in the Ufe
^0^ Sulphur than the Eivropeam^ ahd they cor-.
'reft it with Butter, they alfo put long Pepper
into a Liquor, arid boyl the Indian Pine- Apple
Kernel in Milk. They fuccefsfully ma^e ufe of
Wolf-bane, cprre^ecl in;Cbw&Pifs^ againft Fe-
vers j arid of Orpiment'i»rre(^d in the tuice
pf I^mmOkiS. ,V -',*
APhj^lician is noi^ admitted to take a Patient
in Hand, unlefs hf ca^ gucis at hispiftemper,
' : and
I
C »5i 3
and what Humour is predominant in him;
which they eafilj- difcover by feeling the fick
Perfon s Pulfe ; nor muft it be faid, they may
be cafily dtceivd therein, for I have myfelf
gain'd iome Experience in that Skill.
The principal Diftempers which prevail in Difiepn
thefc Countries, are, firft. That they call A/or-./wtf;.i
derchiny or the Cholera Morhm. The Ileraedy^"''"'
ufually apply 'd to it, is to keep the Patient
^om drinking, and to burn the Soles of his
Feet. Secondly, The Sonipaty or I^thaigv, which
is cur*d by putting into the Party's Lyes fomc
Oak o( Jmtfalemy or Paradtfey pounded with
Vinegar. ThircUv. The Pilha/y or Obllruaion
of the Milt, or Spleen, which has no fpecifick
Remedy, except that of the Joghisy or Mian
Penitents. They make a litde Incifion over the
Spleen, then they thruil in a long Needle be-
tween the Flefli and the Skin, then fucking
through the End of a Horn at that Inciiion,
they draw a Sort of Greafe, which lookJ like
Matter.
Moft of the Phyficians ufe to let fall a Droprm/ of
of Oyl into the Patient s Water ,• if it fpreads, a Pa- .
they fay it is a Sign he is very hot wirfiin ; but ''^"'*'
if on the contrary, it remain;$ as it fell; it is a ^''•'^^'
Token that he wants Heat.
The common People have feveml vety fim-Comow
pie Remedies. For a Megrim, they take th^ Remedies.
Powder of a dry*d Pomgranate Rind pounded, -^^"'w*
with four Grains of Pepper, as if it were. Snuff.
For a common Hcad-ach, they fmell to a Com- Heai-
poiition of Sal Armoniack, Lime and Water, acb,
ty'd up in a Rag. Venigoes^ occafion*d by cpld Vertigo.
Blood, arc cur d by drinking Wine, with ibme
Grains of Frankincenfe fteep*d in it. Fpr a
i>cafnefs, proceeding from Abundance of cold d^^x/m^jv
L 4 Humours,
Tooth'
C »5> J
Humours, they let fall one Drop of the Juice of
a Lemmon into the Ear. When the Brain is
over-charg'd, and opprefs'd with a pituitous
Matter, they fraell to black Curoin-feed pound-
ed, ty'd up in a Rag. For the Tooth-ach, th^ y
apply to the Tooth a Sort of Pafle, made of
the Crum, or Soft of Bread, and the Seed of
Stramonia, or the Thorn- Apple, which dulls
the Pain. Thofe who are troubled with the
}ixmot' Hamorrhagia, oir Flux of Blood ^t the Noftrils,
fha^ia, -Mouth, oV-fiye^, are made to "mtll to Feverfew,
or Wormwood pounded. For a Heat in -the
Gheft, and fpittitig of Blood, th^y cover a G/*-
rnmonfy whi(;li is ati Indian Fruity i in Shape like
a G^urd, but Whicli taftes like a Pompion, with
paft€> then bake it ih the Oven, and dmnk the
'Water that com^s from it. For a windy and .-
tuitous ChoUck, they give the Patient four
Spoonfuls 6i W^ter, in which Anifeed has been
boird, with ^'alitcle Ginger, till h.f the Water
M cOnfum d. They alio pound a mw Onion
with fome Ginger, which they apply cold to
that^Pi^rt of die Belly where they feel ^ny Pain.
^Je^t<j» For the X;>i^e5r/Vi, or Loofenefs, which difchar^-
fK i^s the Meat before it is altejt*d, they roaft a
lle<»d of Garlicfc ■ in the Ei^bers, which they
take going to Bed, and hold it in their Mouth',
i^ =ftid5 the ]\\it€. The Cowcumber Leaf pound-
ed purges atndyomits them^ if they drink the
Juice. Stoppage of Urine is cui/d here , by
fwail6wing a ^pod Spoonful of Olive-oyl ,
lhix*d with the like Quantity of Water. For a
l-oofepefs, they toaft a Spoonful of white Git-
jnio-feed) with i little pounded Ginger, which
f hfe^^ fwallow with Sugar. I have feep Agues,
■Whieh begaft with a Shivering, cur*d by taking
hltkiit^ the Fit i-hree lar^e Pills made Af nintreK
hi'
black Cumin-feed and long Pepper. For Ter^
tian Agues they take three Days fucccffivcJy
%htte Spoonfuls of the Jmcc of 7eucritm-y~ ot
Get! lander, with a little Salt and Ginger.
This, Reverend Father, is but a Sketch of
the Obfervations I have made, in relation to
the Arts and Phyfick of India. If you defire my
more, or other Particulars concerning what I
have here writ, you need ^nly let me knpw it.
I ftiall take it as a Satisfaftion to inform you,
^nd to exprefs with how^much Rcfjped I am
Reverend FAirHEft, - r r
Your mpfl |lumble
andimo'ft Obedient
Servant id our Lord,
PAPIIsr^ Miffioner of the
n Spciety of JESUS,
I'l
V
I w iuqui tu iij^i, ,:,!.. J M- i IU I .L.J
— I*-
r f ' • ,
'-! ST
A L E %
■"^o:>"iJ:'x'l
• '1
tml
•jr
■PtfTf
f^r
A
h E T T E R
fci*-*'^
FROM
V.FAVRE,
Miflioner of the S O C I E T Y of
J E SV S^ .
I .■ <j
TO
RJe/a B&tSSE,
Of the fame SOCIETY.
the Bay of Bengale, January 17. 171 1.
Reverend Father,
Left France, in order to go over into Chi~
nay whither I was dcfign'd by my Supe-
riori and, you are no Stranger to the pe-
culiar Inducement I had to that Miffion.
I am now as it were fix'd in the Eafl-Indies, ha-
ving ingag'd myfelf in the Converiion of a new
People,
Ci55]
Peopfc, ttihabiting a confiderable Number of
minds m the Gulf of Ben^ale, whither the
Light of the Gofpd has not been yet carry'd
This Alteration will furprife you, and perhaps
It will not be difagrceable to know what has
bejn the Occafion of this new Enterprize.
limbark*d on the $tho(Noventhr 1708, with 7:5, ^„.'
gather Caz^htSy aboard the Aurora, one of the ///•r',
limgs rngatcs, commanded by Monfieur de la^'^'^'-
Rigandiere, a very worthy Officer, and who
loaded us with CourteiJes. He h-id before done
the like by feveral other Miflioners of our So-
ciety, whom he has carr/d over into Indiay and
we can never fufEciently exprefs our Gratitude.
Our VeffxX wsls defign'd to carry Orders from
the Coort of Spain, to feveral Parts of New
Sfam, and accordingly we fail'd firft to Carta-
i[«J/J, «id thence to Ffra-Crwz.. Thence we pro-
fecuicd cmr Journey by Land as far as Mexico, r^^,,,^
where we joyn*d feveral other Miffioners, who Mexico
were upon their Departure for the Philippine
Iflands.
We fail'd the 30th of March 1709, being
t\n^enty three Jefuits, and on the nth of Jum,
the lame Year, difcover'd the Marian Mands.M„;^„
We ftay d there no longer than was requi^te to Ijlands.
take m fome Refrefliments ; but went not away
the fame Number of Jefuits, having left Six
there, becaufe there was much Need of them
for ealing of the ancient Miffioners, moft of
them worn out vwth Age, and difabled for per-
forming the Funaionsof their Miniftry.
Leaving the Marian Iflands, we had but
three Hundred Leagues to the Philippines. The
Calms we lighted on towards the End of our ''
Voyage,^ made the Officers and Pilots refolve
to fker for im Port of Paiapa, where they de-
* fign'd
^mMi
V
^Hw^'^
' KB
Cam-
COM,
• •
1 ■IM,
(jgnd to ftay till the Beginning of the. M,«/«r,
This obligd. us to leave the Ship, aptifgo a-
board fmall Vtff^\$, which fpuld r^p .alqng
clofe under the Shore , and fo profecute ^ur
Voyage under the Wind. ' , .^ „ : . f !
XT "^^^ ^^^IP^^ of the /'AV'iP/K^ Iflandacali thofc
Ve(lels Caracom. They are a Sort 06 fmall Gal-
leys, making Ufe both of Oars and Sails,: ha-
ving on their Sides two Wings, made of tii^ck
Canes , to break the Waves of the Sea , and
bear them up on the Water. It is a difmai ind
dangerous Way of travelling, by which in three
Weeks 1 ime we ran more Hazard of perilhin^
than we had done in feven Months we ft>cut 4n
<^ro^"g the vaft North and South Sw>^s jjtpr of
the three C^r^fo^j, into which all the Cpmpapy
of Miflidners had been diftributed, the gireatejt
was fhipwreck'd, and feven Jefuits there were
in it muft have been fwallow'd up by tl>ej Way^,
iiad not the Indians fwam with all their Streiisth
to favethem. ,' .
The two other Caracoa^, in one of which J
was, were not fpar'd-.bj the Tempeft ;, fo that
being no longer able to withftand tiie F ,ry of
the Wind, qr bear up againft the Violence of
the Waves, the Pilots flood away rigl^t before
the Wind, and fteer'd for a Port, which we for-
tunately got into. . ;'' ^ly- .
We proceeded by Land to C^i/c?," 'a 'little
Town, three Leagues trom M.it?iu, 2Lnd\i2id
the Satisfadion of pafTing through feveral Pa-
nfhesof that new converted Chriftian Country,
which feems to me the moft flounfhing of all
India. I often admir'd the Fervour of thofe
Converts.new Converts, and how pliable they are to the
Voice of their Pallors. The Youth of both
Sexes conftantly repairs twice or thrice a Pay
t 'to
Good
[
t& the Churches,^ to be in'ftriifted in the Prlil-^
ciples of Religion', and fihg Praifcjj to God.
The Maflers of Families are govern'd in their
Domeftkk Affairs by the Advice of the MifTro-
ners j and thtnce it is that there are fcldom any .
Differences among them, or if any happens to
arife, it is commonly decided without any Law
Suit, and for the moft Part, to the Satisfadion
of both Parties. Almoft all thofe Wanders are
divided into eight Hundred Parifhes, governed
by feveral Miffioners, whofe Labours are well
rewarded, by the great Examples of Virtue
they fee in their Profelites. '
When I refleet on the flourifhing State of tliat
MifHon, I look upon it as the Ef^ed of the Pi-
ety and Zeal of the Kings of Spain, who ih
conquering of thofe Iflands, had more Regard
to the Intereft of Religion than their own, if
the Intereft of a Chriftian Prince can be fepa-
irated from that of Religion.
But that which contributes moft to tht jganis
Advancement of the Church of the Philippine divided
Iflands, is their having been all divided ^^amot^
mong the Secular and Regular Clergy, fo that''^'^-
each have their peculiar Provinces in which the ^*''
others have no Part. This occafions a Peace
not to be fhaken among all thofe Labourers in
the Vineyard cf the Gofpel, who being free
from all Difputes and Contefts, employ them-
felves wholly in gaining of thofe Souls that
have b^en committed to their Charge, and arc
as perfectly united among themfelves, as if they
were al; of the fame Order. ' " rrjilV
Nothmg touch'd me fo much at Manila^ as
thie extraordinary Courage of xh,t AbhotSidotii,
who has of kte happily penetrated into J apan^
tu
Jhhot
9idoti.
C i5» 3
to preacK the Gofpcl. The Circumftances of
fo glorious an Aaion arc too edii'ying to omit
giving an Account of them.
It is fome Years fince that wojtii ''Jcrgy-
man left Rome, the Place of Ki Bu;,i, to rc~
pair to Manila, whence he hoi wi ^ *th more
Eafe tc go over to Japan. He liv . /o Years
at Manila in the continual %ct iCt of all
Virtues belonging to a truly A t ..ical Per-
fon.
Being countcnanc a by the Governor of Ma-
ntla, he built a Veflel with the Alms he liad
gather d, and thus was put into a Condition to
execute his I>€fign.
Gb«ot,.r .^? ^''"^"^ ^709> he fet out from Manila,
iVjipliK,^^^ p. MVA^./ de Eloruiga, an experienc'd
iL^ptam, who had offered to carry hiir over,
and arrjv'd in Sight of Japan the 9th of OSlo-
ber. They flood in as clofe as che> ckjcH to
the Land. Spvmg a Fifter-boat, it was thought
ftt to fend fome Men in the Pinnace for In-
formation. They made Vk for that Purpofe
of a Heathen Japanefe, who was with the Ab-
bot Stdoti, and had promis'd the Governor to
gp into Japan with the Miffioner, and to keep
him ccMiceal'd if there were Occafion. The
Jnpanefe being come up to the Fiftermens
^arJc, talk d to them fome Time, but was fo
daunted at their Anfwer, that he would nevef
lufler the Spaniards to come any nearer to the
Fifliermen, tho' thefe laft exprefs*d by many
^^rl ^^^^^^^^^ was nothing to fear.
When the Japanefe came Aboard again ,
^""'c ''^^lA^'^'^^^ ^"^ "^ ^^^ Preience of
the Spamjh OjKcers. All his Anfwer was, that
they cQuJd not get into Japan, without expo-
• fine
fihg tliem/eJtres to imminent Danger of bein^i
difcovcr*d that, as Toon as cfcjc they had i5>
their Foot afhorc, they would be feiiU an4
carry'd before the Emperor, and that he be^ ^
mg a cruel and bloody Man, woald immedi-
ately put them to Death with diteadfiil Tor-!
turcs. J
The Concern that appeared in his Countc-^
nance, and fome Words nc Ice fall^ ptvti Oc-»
cafion to fHfpe6i that he had rcreaJJd Monfieur
Stdotts Defign to the Fiftennen. Thereupon
the Abbot withdrew, to beg o£ God to in-
fpire him what Courfc to ta-Sc.
About Five in the Evening he returned to the:
Captain, to acquaint him with his final Refo--
lution. The happy Moment is come. Sir, faid he
to him, I&avefo many Tears v)ilh*dfor; we are
now at the Entrance into Japan ; it is Time topre^
pare aU Things i Jet me ajhore in the Country £
have Jo much long d after ; you have, beenfo gsner^ta
fl# to inring me acrofs a Sea that is unknown to- y<»^
wd made famous by fo many Shipwrecks ; beplea^.
Jed to finijb the Work you have b^un^ leave mm
alone amidfi a People, that is in ^th an E'Mmy^
to Chrijiianityy but whom I hope to bring under tbt
Yoke of the Gofpel, J do mt rely on my owm
Strength, but on the all Powerfid Grttst of J bsi; s
Christ, C*rr.
Notwithftanding, Captain £/ow«jA was w^
mchn d to comply with the Ahboxt Sidotts JDter:
u u ^^ ^^^ "®' forbear reprefenting to hna*
that he thought it more proper ta put q& the
landmg for fome Days; that it was likely thff
tilhermen were acquainted with his Defign*.
haymg difcours'd with the Beathcsi Japouefii.
that they would not Mta watch and "
flfo]
hirti, as foon as ever he were landed; ahd iii
Coticlufion, -that they ran no Hazard in fceking,
out fomc otlicr Place where he might land with .
mwe Siafety; lui.. _■, ;, ,.
Allthefe Reafotismade nol* the lead Impref-
fiont ion tlie ^Abbot Sidoti. He anfwcr'd the.
Captain, that fince the Wind was fair, they
onght to take the Advantages of it ; that the
more they delay'd, the more he fliouid he ex-
posed to Difcovcry; that his Refolution' was;
Sx'd, and therefore he conjur'd him not to ob-
ftruft the Work of God. The Captain yeild-
ed to the preffing Inftances of the Miflioner i
and c rder'd all Things for fetting of him afhore
in the dark Night.
In the. mean Time the Abbot writ fevera!
Letters, pray'd with the Ship's Crew, as is ufu-
al aboard Spanipj Y^(£^\si and then made an
Exhortation, &c.
is Tet It was about Midnight when he went into
n^ve. the Boat with the Captain and feven other Spa-
niardsy who would need bear him Company ;
he pray'd all the Way, and at laft got afhore,
with much Trouble, becaufe the Shore in that
Part was very fteep. The Spaniards went a lit-
tle Way with him, the Capuin with much
Difficulty perfu^ded him to accept of a few
Pieces of Gold, to make iife of upon Occa-
fion. This done tkey left him, returned to their
Ship, and fo to Manila^ on the ciehteenth of
Oaoher. ■
The fame Captain Eloriaga fet out laft
Month with F. Sicardi and another Miffioner,
to difcover the Iflands of i'^/rto^, otherwife
raird the Nem PhUippines. F. Senano and fc-
vwal oxhsxASJejuiu are preparing to foltow
thoff
thoft 'two Miffioners , to labour with them
Jn the Converfion of that numerous Pco^
pie, inhabitmg thofe Iflands newly difco-
ver a. ■ ...'..
T\lf^'^^, myfclf when I came to Maniia,
K k"-"^ ^T' ^^ ^*" ^^'■'^^^ ^« Ihad long
^efird, being then but two Hundred and fif
t3^ 1-eagues from it. Some Obftacles that in-
rervcn d made me refolvc to take my Way
through the Eaft^Indies, and to lay hold of the
Jjpijortunity of a VefTcl bound for the Coaft
or Loromandel.
TU^T \ "«^^^ook a Voyage of above oneB./«.
ihoufand fix Hundred Leagues, in Hopes l*horin
Jiiould perform it in lefs than a Year, and itln^«»-
ended m a ihorter Time, after another Man-
ner then I expeaed -, for foon after my Arri-
val in India, t ingag'd with the Superiors of
that Country m the Execution of a Projeft that
had been long thought of, which was to preach
V \;f ^ ,^ " ^ ' 5 T to the Infidels inhabiting
the Iflands of Nicobar. *
fiJnfV^^"/' ^'V ^^^Entrance into theKi.obar
my ot Bengak juft oppofite to one of Mhtljhnds.
Mouths of the Streight of Malaca, They Jve
from the feventh to aJmoft the tenth Dee/ee
tiu ^^^^^^^^' The chief of them is
call d Ntcobary and gives its Name to all the
others, tho* they all have their Peculiar De-
nommations. The great one being the Place
where the India Ships come to an Anchor, and
the Inhabitants of it being more tradable than
thofe of the other Iflands, we thought fit to
make our firft Settlement there.
This -is what I have learnt of thofe Iflands,Tv rrra;
upon the Report of thofe who are acquainted /y/^''«.
M w'f^>
'i ^
with them. The I()a^d of Nicoj^v i?,b,ut thirr
ty Leagues from Achem\] Its Soil, .as ^yeH ^is
that of the other l^^ni^p, is fci.file'ieiif^ug^ in
producing feveral Sorts of Fruit , Biit th^re
grows neither Cor;n,^ij,or Rice, nor. any other
Soi;t of Grain ; th<p', y,^ople feed ii]^.Q^ f tuit^
Fifh, and fome yery infipid Root^i c^M Jjgr
mme{ : However, thepe is a gopd, ;Q5^njtlty of
Hens and Swine, but the Iflanders ,]^at;?iQne j
they fell them when any Ships toi^ch,itl^f^ei/9C
Iroi?, Tobacco ar Iwinnen. In the j(ame,lp[a^7
ner they difpofe of their Fruit ind Parrots,
. which are much valu'd in /«J/V», tecaufi^^pone
tal^ Co plain as they^ . There is alfo, Ambtfif
and T^ii, and therein confifls all their AVealth, .
Worpip -Aiii I have been abip to learn of the'Reli-
//;eiWboM. gion of the Nicobartans is, that they worfhip
the. Moon, and a^-e much afrdid, of .Devils^
of vyhom they havie, jfoiiiie blind b^otion. ., They
are not divided into .fjpveral Races^ jike the
People of Malal;aruid.Coromimiel.,iCheMfl'^
hornet ans have not been able to ,gct, footing
there, tho' they hav'e To ea/ily fpread them-
felves all over JndiAi . to the great Detriment of
Chriftianity. No publick Monument, confe-
crated to Religious, Worfhip is to. be feen
there. There are, d;)4y feme Caves diig in the
Rocks, for which the Iflanders have aii extra-
oi i viary yene ration. , and whkh they dare
not enter for Fear of. beirc in/n Ited'^ by the
Devil. ,\, ', 1,., / . , r", .
1 will not pretend.ro give you any Account
of the Manners, or Cr),vtrnmenr,^9f thofe Peo-
ple, becaufe no Mai v. 1 . yftxp^itptrated 'far
tt ^ -."^t^PPgii '^nto their Cou||i ij( to t^ej^ijA^o^^gl^y in-
.. iormu o£it. " . . ' " \,
iln.v F. Bonnet
C 1^3 J
%^^ ^''T^ ^"^ ^ w^^^ appointed for that
markabky and we are only told aa from the
Captain of the Ship that carry d them, that
fyj^erejfet ajhore on the Ifland. Tkr
J^mor tf the Letter promijes' hi^ Cor^
C i^/^^'^^f « fartl^er Account a/ thofel.
ifiands the next Year, if he lives:- "
f V.'^ w4 t«JS
) i" "i
■4 - ;,
oil .:
■■'X\ .ii;.
M
.):.liiM
• I * 3 '} i» V
'. :'!u^.::i..u
i'll
C i«4 3
V ■ <.
' 1 ' '■ '■ ii ilfii i
V •-^_^ > ^'A i-
1 ^V,^?!^:n
FROM
E dENTRECOLLES,
MitConer of the S O C I E T Y of
jESVSy
T O T H E
Father Procurator-General
O F T H E
Miffions of It^DIA and CHINA.
Jar-Tcheo}{, July 17. 170^.
/^ Reverend Father,
1 Make life of fbme L uu*.^ Moments, and
lay hold of the Oppon^nity of a Veflel
returning into Europe, to give your Re-
verence an Account of one of the moft re-
markable Accidents that has happened in China.
nrus
C'^5 3
The Eiripefor, who had not yet overcome /^^r^^i-
the Sorrow conceiv'd. for the Death 'of the wty
yoMng Prince, Son to that famous Chinefi Wo-''"*"'^^ ^f
man, whom he paffionately loves, is juft re-P^")? ,
turn d.firom his Journey into r^^r^, U hj^'^t'
given :aiilnftancc of his Authority, the.Cw- ::. ^;'•
iequen«^5 whereof are no kCs grievous torhim. ' " :
Means had been found to make him fufpe<a the
I'ldehty of the Hereditary Prince, and the Tea-
Joufy he had conceivM, feem'd to be fo well
grounded, that he immedinelv caus'dthat un^
fortunate Prince to be lecur'd. '
It was a difmal 3peaadr to fee him loaded jn ,
with Irpns, who but iuft, .before was aJmoftf ^i^^
.^qual with^he. Emperor, m Childrea. andfe"!
principal .Officers werc-all involv'd m his
Misfortune, An Aftrologer,.; ; who pretended
to calcinate Nativities, an4Jiad often prediav
cd to the fajtdtPnnce, thatJie would neve- be
,Pmperpr, unlefs he were /pfuch a- T^^ij'as he
allotted, was condemn^ xoh^ <pu]t intq a^Thoui
land Pieces, which is the i^ioA grievou^lPamih-
^ent among the Chinefes. ',. ^ ' "*""* ;^.
A^'V^x^ ^^^"^ more ilirprizing in China, < '--'l
^han th^ depofing of an Hereditary Prince, the
his ^ubjeds W4.th the Motives that had pre-
vail d on turn to do fo extraprdinary an Aaion.
1 he^publick Gazettes were foon fill'd with Ma-
mtefloes and Ipvedives asAinft the Behaviour
of the faid Prince. His life was therein en-
quird into, from his tender Infancy, and there-
in might be feen an incens'd Father, who, af-
ter having fai4 much, left Room to believe
much more, f - - .
Thp Emperor's eldeft Son, whom we<:all ilrft Tf^e Km.
D 7-
*\c^«ft;, waif the
only one ot aU his Children in ^f.V
M
ms
eUefi
I
his Favour ; his Praifes were fet forth in one of
thofe Manifeftoes I have already mention'd,
and he flatter'd himfelf with the Hopes of be-
ing rais'd on the Ruins of his Brother.
77jeEnu However, Affairs on a fudden took quite
feror un- another Turn than he had imagin'd.^ Some new
<iec(w'd» Informations the Emperor receiv'd, dilcover'd
to him the Innocence of the depos'd Priiice, and
. the Artifices that had been made ufe^f to de^
ftroy him. He was made fenfibk, that the Re-
Zuh^ to fecure the Suceefs of that" Affair had
made ufeof Magick and feVerarihGhahtment^,
• and that at the Inftigation of certain lamas, or
Tartar Priefts, well skiJl'd in the Pra^iee 'of Di-
vination, , he had taus'd a Statiie to be biiry'd ih
^artairyy that Gerfemony being attinAed wfth
jnany Magical Opi^^atfons. Tfie EMJyeror feiit
immediately to fecufe!' thofe Z^wiaJ, and! take up
the Statue. The Relkilo was confiri'd tO his Pa-
laice, and condemned to a PuniliiTrientv wJiich
fuffielently evinc'd the Emperor^ Ihdigiiatiorir
Mv:fes You' may very ivdl imagine h6\V uneafy thefe
/ffre^yg aomeftickDiforders made the iM|3efdr ; they
tfK^anir.^^^^^ him int0.af'a^e|y Eit of' Mffn^holy/ at-
tended with fuch a violent Ea^i^^iitioh of the
Heart, that thereivis much Gaiife-tdi'fear for
his Life. In this Extremity h^ i*cfoPvtd't^:? f^e
the depos'd Prince. He was t2ikm i)\Xt of iPri;-
fon,' and carry 'd before the Emperor, butStli
in the Habit of a Griminal. Trie^Gries of tfia\
unfortunate Prince had fuch in 't^ft oh the
Father's Heart, that he could hotiforbear Ih^d-
d{a% Tears. He feveral Time^ ask'd the gf eat
Men of the Empire, Whether he had hot the
Power to reftore to his Liberty a Prince, whofe
Innocence was more than fufficifently made out ?
^loft of she Prime MinifcTrsanfwer'd him cold-
r 1" ly
in one of
lention'd,
>es of be-
er. •-•■'
yok quite
x>me new
diftover'd
iiice, and
of to de^
Lt the Re-
iffair had
ahtment^,
lamas, or
ee-of Di-
bdry'd iA
ied with
?yeror fetit
d' take up
tohis Pa--
tf ^Wihich
griatjon.''
My thefe
br ; they
:hoIy, at-
)h of the
I'fear for
Id' t<? fee
It of to-
, but^lii
Js of tHst
I oh the
he great
. hot the
e, whofe
ide Out ?
imcoid~
W^efipiigli^ffiat he wds; a3overeign, ind 'ihighc
do Matfocver ke pleasM. Some of tKem; not:
queilipni^g but.that the Emperor's Death.vyra^
tor,^t;ftand, fignify'dto him, Th'at it was '*-
Tirtie* t0 ' provide fo( the ■ Peace of the ' Mb- , . "J
harctiy,' b)^^ ' appbintirlg ^ a Succclfor, ^ihcj^ "pro - . ' )[
pos'^ liis eiglith Son, ;fpr Whom they,/ e:^p5"efs*d
a great Veneration. IThis <vas excltldihl of the
Hereditary t*Hii<^e. T^hey doubtlefs apprehehd-
jcd, left' having ' conrrib'uted towards th^'dbpo- *
fing ofliiiTi by their Advice, he migiit'/inake
them kiiCiblt of his juft Refentma^t when r^-
jV.'.^'at (Sppo/ition c6fi them dear; *rHe Sra-M„;;/?e„
per g| offended ro fee^'how h"ttle Coinplikhce his/wrw'i
J^m^^l ft to his 'W^Il, turrt'd CRit the^"^-
.cjh^fel^ of tjicm, 'and, remov'd his: FavOnriteSa
^aV% far
J p M^ - . ^mohg the
,?9.p|9i jas might have been reafonabiy^'appre-
hj^pc^ed, l^ad the Blow been forefeen,' before it
was 'given, tjiat it put all Men into a Coriftefr
nation, and every one vy'd in applauding the
Emperor J RefoUition. The JPriiice was reftor'd p^inae
to his Cignity^ with all the Formalities ufuallyre/JoyV.
obferv'd in the Ehipire. There we|-b publick
Rejoycings in all Parts, and the Play ftill aded,
is t4ken from a Paflage in ancient Hiftory,
whiMi has a greOi^j^^iefemblance wi|l) what has
l^ciw hapned./ ,, '■ ' ' "'■'
i.The Emperor, on his Part, h.:is granted any/^^ ^„j.
Imperial Indulgence, that is, he has remitted j?fror>
all the Arrears of Taxes, owing frbmi* private -^ou^i^y.
Perfons, for which they are here grievoufly
troubled. This Induigtriee carrier alouu with
M4 "it
1"!
C 168 ]
It alfo a Mitigation of the Punifhments duf to
Cnminals, (o that fmall Offenders have nothina
tofufter.. . ^
1\/W2>- The Reftitutionofthe Hereditary Prince was
/To/ S*^" ^"^^^'''^''^ ^^^ ^^^ Punilhment of the Reguk.
fenders. "^ "^^^ condemned to perpetual Imprifonment,
and the Lama6 were put to Death, with feveri
of his Officers, who had been affifting to them
in their Inchantments. Thus is the Prince fal-
^ len into the Pit he had dug for his Brother,
whom the Qualification of being Son to a
lawful Emprefs plac'd above him, tho' he was
the eldefl.
't^i'^c^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ °^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ Prefent.
The Emperor you fee, never more exerted that
Prodigious Afcendant, which Nature, Expe-
rience, Policy, and one of the longeft Reigns
have given him over his Subjefts. But, after all,
thofe whom our Lord in the Scripture is plea-
fed to call by the Name of Gods, are oblig'd
even in the utmoft Exercife of their Power to
own that they are Men, and Mortal, like the
reft. I am (uWy perfwaded, that the Emperor,
being fo judicious as he is, muft have had ihi's
Thought, in the Height of his AfHidion.
I muft acquaint you with a Rcfledion he has
already, made, and which being baek'd by
Grace, might draw him nearer to the King-
dom of God. Having fent for thofe whom
he had intrufted with the Education of the
Princes, he complain'd moft grievoufly of
their permitting his Children to apply them-
felves to Magick, and fuch Superftitions as oc-
cafion'd Troubles and Diftradions in his Fami-
' Jy- Happy, if he would carry that Thought
iomewhat farther, and ftrike at the Root oi'
thofe Piibrders, by bannifhing all falfe Seds
vav
. In th^ ^jnrmi^^c Emperor's D/ftem-r^e Em^
??^^^ ^^S*^, daily grew upon him, , had reduced f "or gi^
^^^? ^fK^. ^^^rc^of Wc^akncfs, that the*'*"*^^-
p/«./^ Phyficians %ci: given him over. They
V^i\S^A ^'}.e iitmoftQf their Skilli wheii they
had ^e<:ourfe to the.i^^y.^,^^,. They had heard
that Brother ii^p^x had good Judgment in
Pharmacy and ben<fv'4 he might perfeps give
the Emperor fow;Eafe. ThatWther^ai
really Judgment arid Experience, (pod, whofe
Ways ajre unknown, and who perhaps it this
difh^al .Conjunaure ,made Ufe of this Opportu-
nity..^o fccure the Einperbr's Affeftidnto us,
for the. Advancement of Chriftianity, gave a
Bleffing; to the I^edicXnes appJ/d l^y feother
^f^des. It was with Cohfeaion o( Alkermes R'^^^^
that hefoon took off that violent Palpitation 2^^ ^ '
of the Heart, which fpent him to^ a great De"^'^"''"
gree, aijd a^^rd^adVis'd, him to drink Ca^
nary, .The Miffiorters, Xvho have it feiit them
verjr Year from iVf^«;/,z for their Mafe, took
C^ mibpply hi^r In a ihort tim^ he, r^o-
T?^th^^:f!;j^!:?^h, ^^njoys per^ft Health.
c^K ^^"^^-^ 3iibjea;s may be convinced
^^ 'L' " ¥. h^JVV^^'^ now the fecond time
cau/Ing^he Multitude to be put awa^, as is
the Cnftom of the Empire. A Cuftom which
iwn almort Rehgious ilefpca forftdyarMa-
Uljoh this Occa/ion, the Emperor h^s been
pleas d, by a publick Aft to make Ihiown,
Thf r^l''''" Y .^"^^"^^"^ of the Miffid'ners.
iht commendation he gives them for their
iiehaviour and their Afllaion to/ his Pcrfoii
"" is
{< !
m
til
uavi
the Map
your Motioh
found nMih^ dilorderij'^h^^
j/tur Iniei-ritf and Sincerhy'T^nd pulititlity deci'm
he takes ^Kqtice how ms Hdilth w
by:thiC^of tk ^mted&: ''f
I fatter 'ri^'felf with ^ai^J^^ftSf^c^/^
l^ords^of^fh^ 1^ti^C^^^%e are if^^lMe^
. mdleliev^ .liave iixm%':£6mi¥d^d the ,Con-
■■ ^qfore ^ t'his imperiit^ AS earned' 'Mjroid; E
?^r^«/^ ; Ilia ' ^i Wn -; ^i^- notice;. -ifia^^l^rStitc
*^ ^^/Sk^.M r^f^ve^ the mr^f apl^ e-
ther Thmgs the Europeans broiighj; them' for
the ITfe 'oT.the E!ir{^(;roV,.;and to renct. them
f^^^^^^5^i^.^.^rft p^^^fM^^ all
fo fent we^e fealcj ,^it][i the Euro feigns &gl j
for, that ^Circumf&iice .was expr^Sy recom-
jnendecl,^ which is a , irefl^ f eftimpny . of , the
Coufid'encf the Emp^i^ifor ' is plea^^ to^ repofe
m us.
. I-dQijbt. not but ^. that you exp^a lihould
^jye ^^o^'^foine: Aqc^uHio£ the pre^nt'- State
'pCth.f -pi'ufches. [' ^V./Jacquemin writes!' me
:Word^, -^hat' tl?e iaft:;tent. he 'bapt^^ed E'ghty
In^fidels , rand heVi .the ;Confeffions of .One
j;Thoufand kvQii huiidred Chriftians. F.' I^oelojy
who
baptiira an HHndred Idolaters in th« he cillC
nr;Famihes off^ffi^rmen, fc'attei'i 'kbout oft
httk Eminences,; Iff the Aidft o< aPIairi whiii
IS often imdet'Wwf- ■ •'"*''' ^-"
•':F.ti<ff/oB,acqaa:iitts me he has baptiz'd Eieh-
tyPerfons^at^?;'*, the Place of hilRefidence,
and cxpeSs Thfrty more where 'hd 'is goin's!
Sffr° S,'?f;^An' Fi/herracn arrivy. and lan3-
riy,^'Y« npf ^«/r:ai:4 Church they
had |mft thefcfelfes, an^'wlie^g^ey, waM
to,pefform:th«ir,EHjfrDiity';-' •"■«'.'^' ■ *
_^ A"Chriftfan='-6!f abbut fety tears of fe ,
Moirfdy ^s wdaia /uffice to marry: 'Yob know '"'^V
made, wherf Ife *2s' infom'd; that t,;^ n.^^
Health. |f '•'1491/0 miiclu'erplex, the CflfT-
K°l'5' mj\P 4S tfr/pyer the)w:W-
had preya.lfed;yft^,. the Hiisband to fell I'e^
Tlfe' rt,' •A-'^ f U^^^^' ■ ^IJS Tuf^hafe - M6n|
B- Chnilmn3,'.K.hdred, wIjolV e aU In/-
dels, did all they coild to perfv/ade him, ei-
fher;o keep, ^or.at leaft <;o fell ^,er to another,
becaufe the tftie Husband refts'd to receive
her, unlefs lie' had wherev^ithal^tb maintain
her given hirti The Temptation was great,
hoyever t^e ^iriftian wasrefoiute, and there
being no Remedy left but. to apply to , the
Mandarme,hc'm fo, and ■haying laid before
&% Sr ?^'*' "^ ^*"» "6 declar'd, that
being
"0'
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
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Hi MM 12.5
150 ■"—— ■■■
1^ 1^ 12.2
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■1.6 ™^
li£ 12.0
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Photographic
Sciences
Corporation
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
(716)873-4503
wmmmmm^mmsmmm
I
^t 17213
be'mg a CJiriftiao |ie neither could, nor wonli
>^ep, another, Man's Wife ; and therefore; it
was juft he JhQuld be reimburs'd- '•ithea: by
the. Hiisband> who had'receiv'd his Uqmy.
jr by the Managers qf the Bargain, wha had
httn concern d in the Fraud ; but if that could
not be do.ne, .b^ecaufe die Husband was poor,
ind the others cither dead, or fled, he pray4
li/m to oider.the- lawful Husband to tal^e hi^
We again. 'Ih^: Mandarme. no lefs furpria^xi
t^aii cdi§^ d,;1iighly e^ftoir^the Religion which
.infbird fufh noble Thoughts, and havii^, fej*
*1S^ . ^"^ ^ 1^^^ remained of the Drivers
cTthe Bki^in, caiisU hiin to be feverely pu-
"*"\t/.c ^" f^c.^ean .time, the Chriftian, has
^x<\i.' IS^'^'P^^^^^ Hopes of getting Mo^^
^^^- ^ *^^"^ «^ :!^% anotherT^^^Ko&e^erTa^
i..- m thm<^-Chma/ahd what it. is for si^hi^
m^'^^^mf^lf?^^ upob-this
as an Heroick-Aten; as well a^ I. '
'^'^^^^^^lyS^'j^'''^ C*n«ian being in: i
CB^'/*-* Mother very. ^
' 4^}2-d air-the WeighbQ^^^ L When t(^
Beat warot^er,; hgc^reffe^ff^on, What hc^iai
■r,-:u
l^i^i^i"^-, '^^T^^.^'^Mtem;, 6'egg'd Par-Jon of
fotfwfl Ace^^a-iecelrd'a-^JpBdred Laftes
Sl"^***.' .'?'Mf'^f(^^l'°'".-*-'^^"^»^''t. after
')i^',/i Cbrlftian^ttdy firlet 'hii:J>pxi« the firl
fakfpon fMi-TM<mi.bm,'jiis tetipm uachfx
'iim:itmneii(it'ii^--]?i.'motte fir his' t
that'is^ the Mj¥r"i)iliy I hdva'defir,
ff.W'tn(gd't(>.t}ihai;ijfii happerie'i.
tMy^^Pke fir fjts' P7%ult ; and
d you aU,p9
l£flj .b'fjj,>ub V.A \i\i'^ 'ho 'tnr
Ti^i-jd
. Qhavagnac
t m 3
F Chamgnac adds, that the Mandarine of
the PJace, where he refides, is convinc'd of the
Truth of our Religion , and endeavours to
P^' Mt^^V" ^'^ ^"^"^^ ^^ ^»«brace it, thou^
worldly rntereft unhappily holds fiim in tHc
Darknefs of Infidelity His Mother, his Wife,
his Children, his Childrens Wives, and jnot
of hif Servants openly. pi^fefsChriftianity, and
are all extraordinary zealous.
T f^^' ^'^f C great Pirii rf t^
- LHter betng mirely rtlfgioitf.-U hm
Urn abridged^ md much kft p/a.
y
iO r;5|.r Sfi?
AH
1 J
C «f4!J
'di
will io b'3ni7no'» -^"r .-"^f^Ftri sH n-j /,•/' /j-jfi*! 3nt
rm^
^^A.
O P T HE
Following FTGUREi
•three Inscriptions in^-Cfnmfi
Charaftersj which are in the follow-
ing Place, were writ with the Em-
peror of Chinas own Hand. On
the 24th of Aprils in the Year 1711, being
the 50th of his Reign, and the 7th Day of
the third Moon, that Prince gave the faid
Infcriptions to the Jefuits at Pekin, to be af-
lix'd in the new Church they have built to-
wards the Gate of Xun chin muen. In the
Year 1705, he contributed towards the build-
ing of that Church, and gave for that Ufc
1 0000 Ounces of Silver,
The
The Charaaers of the Infcription on the
Frontifpiece are each of them above two Chi
nefe Cubit is to the Jam Vo\ h\Tis to
30, or very near.
The Charaaers-6r ^e fA/^rfphotfs* each
Column are almoft^ Chinefe Cubit in Length.
(. (
■■I .;H
Tie hfcription on the FrontifpUce.
To THE True Ori.<^x^n,ax of. allTi?ings:
We Infcription on the firfi Column:
He is infinitely good, '
And infinitely just,
- He gives Light to. He support^ .^
He rules all Things with
Supreme Authority, and with
It
Sovereign Justice."
tht
Tife Infir^tiott on the Smttd C0hm.
■ ■ ' y ' -'f^.j 11..... » .-N
■ 1
S .I. -k.
^ii nrnuicO
And wilt have no End:
He has produc*i> all
. HINGS FROM THE BEGINNING,'
• It IS He THAT GovtR^?i' rnml '^''^ '^'^
Ani> lii fHElK iRUt LORD-
. .,,. V. % IN '- '■ . , ■-. ..
-H
» "X ■ ' ■
" » » d m .
'■ " 1 4 i-
i 1 T :a ? r
:.i^'^'jh "^
rtP
■■'u
■3
A LET-
r.i* »
■■inX Oi
■'\ L
m
M
1 Tf ^
o3
.ET-
H^'tii/H^^$
fiahii
in
m^^^^SM'
■■<*►. •.*•«»• - \,-'Mije;i::^ik
(i77i)
A Lester from K Chavagnac, Mi/Tioner of
the Society of Jesus m China, to F. fe
Gobien, of the fame Society,
Rev. Father,
Poutcheou'fou^ Feb. lo, 1703.*
{i 1-/
IStt out from Nmcbang-fou on the Firft of
• f^'^''^^» the laft Year, to repair to P. Foucautt
i^ this City, from whence I haVe the Honour
to write to you. All aina does not aafwer
the Notion I had at firfl conceiv'd of it. I had
fecn only fome Part of the Province of Camon^
when r fjnt you fo magnificent a Defcription
or It. 1 had fcarce travell'd Four Days Journey
up t/ie Gountry, before Vcould fee nothing but
fteep Moimtains, and dreadful Deferts, full oi MounM^
ligers arid other wild.Beafts. But tho' th2^aTW
Fart qtChna diifevs very ' much from moft of^*^'" '»
the o^'^' Pr- :'inces, there are neverthelefs fome ^^^"^•
very .. ies in it, and a confidcrabJe Nuro-
oer c ;
.i^fv ng, the laft City of the Pro- ^
vinqe,, ^on, we traveird by Land
to Man^an, .; firft Town of the Province
of KidmSy Yihich is as big as Orleans^ very
beautitul and populous. Between Nangan and
Cmtcl^owJoH^ there is nothing but Deferts. Nangan
CantcheoM is a City as big as Roau, has a great 4»i Cant*
Trade, .ind there, are Very many ChrifiUns incheou-fo3
it. * ' Citiet.
From' CamcheoH \o ' Nantchar/g all the Coun-
try is charming, extraordinary populous and
fruitful. One of our Barks had like to have
pcrijh'd about a Day's Sail from that City, ia
N ' a
m
(178)
XJM^ercusa vapid Current^ which holds for almoft Twenty
gnd fine Leagces, and what ftill renders it the more
^^'"^'* dangerf is, is that the VefTcls muft baft between
an infinite Number of Rocks, which afecven
with the Surface of the Water ^ but whenthofe
are pafs'd we come into a fine River, fix Tirnei
as broad as the Seine m at Roan and fo full of
Veflels, that whenfoever aMan Jooks about him,
he may count above Fifty under. Sail.
You muft not be furpriz'd to hear of fo great
a Number of Veflels. It is true the Chinefes do
not trade much out of their own Country \ btit
Van Trade, to make Amends for that, the Trade i fo ^reat
into the Heart of the Empire, that all the Com-
merce of Europe is not to be compar*d to it.
The Empire of Chira h of a raft ^;ctenit, the
Provinces of it are lik^^ fo many Kingdoms*, c\'c
produces Rice, another furniflies Calicoes and
Muflins, and each of them has it's peculiar i^om-
modities, which are not to be found in the reA.
All thefe Things are tr3nQ)o;'ted froni Plice to
Place by Water •, by Reafbn of the great' ton-
T'tne i^v venieucy of Rivers, which are very iljame-
vers, rous and fo fine, that Europe has notbliig' like
them. ■ •^^, ' ■
It was a mighty Satisfaftion to me fB/'^fiiid a
great Number of Churches and verj z&lous
Chrifiiam in all the Cities that lay ih!:fllVW^y.
Religion daily advaftces here confidei-liMjr, and
the Tim€ of the Converfibn of this mighty Empire
feemsto become at 3'alV and with lv«?^ little
Afliftance from the BajthfUi in Eur/jj^e^'ikho are
Jealous for the Propagation of thd'^fpel, the
beR may be hop'd of a Nation, which begins
to rclifh our Holy Precepts, and iv,iii6y*d by
the- Examples 0: Vertue they fed %iht RQVf
Converts.; " ■■''' "^
I ranit confc, to yoa : am aniax'd at their
1 come
Innxcncy and Fervour ...^ „, „,,
Church ey-cry 5W-r, item Eight, ur ica
Leagues Diftance 5 they meet at Church every
Friday to perform their Dcrotions, aid bc'brc
they part beg Pardon of one another for what
111 Example they may have hspncd to give , their
Aufteritics would be even inaifcre^jt, were not
Care taken to moderate them.
We have a young Ltd here, who tho' living in
a Family where they are Idolaters, never fails to
^^V^n ''i*. ^^^yf ' ,^*"y ^^°^« « Crucifix',
w milt aU his Kindred are proftrating them-
felves before their Idols. His Mother and
^rothers have us'd all Means to pervert hini ;
bat he has been Proof agair.ft all their Threats
J t. V.^ H^^5^' ^^*^''y^ anfwering them with
fuch Refolution g v.i .t the fame Time in fo
obliging a Mannek, that they are themfelves
upon the Point of imbracing Chrijiianity,
You cannot im igine what Contrivances their
Zeal d<aatcs to the new ChrifiUns for the Con-
Vtifion of the hfidels-, I have often becnamaz'd
at them. Itisnot longiince a poor blind Maa^
who lives upon Charity, came to beg of mc
to give him Two or Three Books ; I could not
imagine what Ufc he deHgn'd to make of them,
and it was to give them to read to Twelve
Injideh he had half inftruded in the Myfteries of
our Holy Religion. I have, feen Children come to
ask us how they (hould aufwer fome Difficulties
ftarted by their Idolatrous Parents, and it has
often hapned, that the Son has converted his
Mother and the reft of the Family.
Howe\rcr it cannot be deny'd, but that the
Millioners employed here for the Converfion of
thefc People, do meet with foir" Ob^adei very
v^^cult to furmount. The Coatcmpt with
N i whig^
!!,&
[»-4fW
Chlnefe
CoYiceh of
themfdvcs
and Con-
tempt of 6'
♦/-
ere.
Jheif Jgno*
rafice in
Geography,
(i8o)
which the Chlnefes look npon all other Nations is
one of the greateft, even among the Meaner Peo-
ple. Hiaving fo great a. Conceit of theii] own
Country, their Manners, their Cuftoms, and
their ovtn Maxims, They cannot be perfwadied that
any thing which is not of China deferves. to be re-
garded. When we have fhew'd them^ the Folly
of their, adhering to Idols •, when we have
brought them to own, that the Chriftim Religion
has nothing in it but what is Great, Holy, and So-
lid, a Man would be apt to believe they were rea-
dy to embrace it^ but they are ftill far enough
off They anfwer us coldly, Tour Religion is not to
be found in our Books, it is a foreign Religion-, is
tkere any thing good out of China, or any thing true^
which we know not f
They , often ask us, whether there are Towns,
Villages, and Houfes in Enrofe, I had the Satis-
fadiion one Day to bea Witnefshowmuch they
were Surpriz'd and out of Countenance .at the
Sight of aMap of the World. Mine orTen ojf
the Liter afiy or Learned ^ who had defir'd me to
fhew it them, were a long Time looking for Chi-
na. At kngth they took one of the two Hemif-
pheres, which contains £;<ro/?ff, Apa, and jifrick,
for their own Country.. They even thpught -^-
mei^A too big for all the reft of the World. I
left them fome Time in their Error, tyione of
them aSk'd me the Meaning of the Letters and
Names that were on the Maps. This, jl^id I, ii
Euroj)c, this Affkk, and this Alia j />, Afia, her{
is'?Gri]i, here India, and here Tartary^ , They all
immediately cry'd out, Then where « Chii^a ? It is
this [mail Spot of Land, fa id 1, and here are its
ioi^ds: It is impofTible for me to exprefs to you
how 'much they wercamaz'd •, they look'd one
upon another, nnd iitter'd thefe 0?/?/*/^ Words,
C/Ao te.Kin, that is^./f is very little, o;' j,
•^'^•'■' I ' ' The'
( iBi y
Tho'^ they arc far ihort of the Perfeaion toTheir Pofi^
which Arts and Sciences have been adyanc'd ia*'^^"^A
Europe-^ yet will they never beperfwaded to do
any thing after the European Manner. It was ab-
folutely necefTary to make ufe ot the Emperor's
Authority to oblige the C^m^y^ Architeas to build
our Church, which is within his Pa laee, after an
European Mode] ', and he- was oblig'd to appoint a
Mandarine to take care to fee his Orders obey'd.
Their Veffels are ill enough built i they admire, Ve(fds ill
the Strudure of ours; but when they are pcr-*«'^'*
fwaded to build like thcin, they wonder that fuch
a thing fhould be proposed to them. This is the
Chinefe Way of buildings i^y they. But it is good
for nothing, reply'd I. m matter, rejoyn they,
fince tt w tht Way of the Empire, that is enough for
us, and it would be a Crime to alter it.
As for the Language of the Country, I do af- L^ngmge,
lure no Man would take the Pains to learn it, on
any other Account than the Service of God. I
have now for 5 whole Months fpent 8 Hoursa Day
in ftudying Didionaries. This Labour has put me
into a Condition to learn to read, and I, have had
a Learned Man with mefor a Fortnight. paft, and
with him I fpend 3 Hours in the Morning, and as
• many in the Afternoon, in learning Ci^/w/^ Cha-
raders and fpelling like a Child. The Alphabet ch- r
of this Country contains about 45000 Letters i \ AiphTbT
Ipeak of the Letters in common Ufe, for in all
they reckon doooo. I have however learnt e-
nough to Preach, Catechife, and hear ConfcOions.
The Converfion of Great Men, and particu-
larly of /^^w^^n^ej, is molt difficult. Moll of vf A
them living by their Exadions and Unjuft Deal- rines'w
ings, and being befidesallow'd to have as many»o be con.
Wives as they can maintain, thofe Bonds tye them "^"^^^^
down ^0 faft that they can fcarce brea|i loofe.
(l82)
One Inftance will convince you of the Truth of
this Aflertion.
mthje About 45 Years ago a Mandarine contrafted a
7»^rf«fffo/particularFriendfhipwithF. AdimSth^al^ aBa*
a Manda- varian Jefuit. That Miffioner had us'd all his Ea-
rinc. deavoors to convert him j but without Succefs.
At length, the Mandarine being upon his Depar-
ture to another Province, whether he was lent
by the Court, the Father gave him fbme Books
concerning our Holy Religion, which he rcceiv'4
merely out of Civility ^ for he was fo far from
reading them, that he rather gave himfelf up
more than ever to the 5«»ar/, who are the Idol
Priefts. He took fomc of them into his own Houfe,
coIIe(fted a Library of their Books, and endea-
vour'd, by reading of them, to blot out all the
Imprefljoa his Difcourfes with the Miffioner bad
left on his Memory, which he accordingly com-
pafs'd. However, happening to fall Kick, 40
Years after, he again call'd to mind what F. Seh^"
M had fo often inculcated to him. He caus'd
the Books the faid Father had prefentcd him to be
brought, read them, and God touching his
Heart, defird to be Baptised. Before he received
that Sacrament, he would himfelf inflrudt all
his Family •, began with his Concubines, whom he
taught all the Myfteriesof our Holy Religion, and
at the fame time aflign'd each of them a Pcnfion,
to the End they might live like ariflians^W the
reft of their Days. Then he inftruded all his
Children, and was himfelf Baptifed. 1 have had
the Satisfadion, fince I came h-ther, to fee the
Wives and Children of Two of his Sons Chdfttn'd.
vrury an . i^^ry, which is much in Praftice among the
obflacie toChinefes^ is another Obftacle, very hard to be
0»vfr/w. overcome i when they are told, that before they
receive
(tin
TJcevreB^ti/m, they muft rcftore all they have eot
by fuch unlawtul means, and fo at once ruin
their whole Family, you will own it muft be a
Miracle of Grace that will prevail with them fo
to do. and confequently that is the Motive
which generally holds them in the Darknefs of
Infidelity. I had but a few Days aso a verv un-
comfortable Inftance hereof. ^ ^ ^
A Rich Merchant came to fee me and deffr'd to r n -
be Baptis'd. I examin'd him as to the Motive of ^fe?
hisGonverfion. >^^ ^^/., faid he, n^^Chrifter'd ' '
taft Tear, nnd ever after led a very holy Life. A fexo
Days before her Death fhetopk me ajide and told L
Ihe Jhouldd^efueh a Day a^dfneh an Hour, andthat
n had fleas d God to fignify it to her, that it mizht
firve me as aninftmce of the Truth of her Religion,
She accordingly dfd the very Hour, and infuch a,
manner as fe had foretold ',fothat being no hLr t
ble to forbear performing what (he depd of me at
her Death, xvhich was, that I would be converted /
now come to you for that Purpofe and defire to be Bap.
tis ^.Sopromifinga Difpofitioncould not but aflurc
me, that I fhould have the good Fortune to bap-
^V.?A-''"\1^'^^" ^ few Days i but when in L
Itruaing him I came to touch upon the Point of
111 go"en Goods, and ihew'd him theindifpenf-
blc Neceffity of Reftitution, he began to faulter,
and at laft declar'd he could not confent to it.
^, T^F ^^'^^/^;do not find any lefs Oppofition to , ,
^tfr'T^ in the Corruption and Dcpravednefs oicoXi^
wfrHi?''''',' ^°j; P'^^V^'^ they appear out-. /cK-
wardly regular, they make no Difficulty of com- es.
mitting the moft enormous Crimes in private
About . Fortnight ago a Bonz.e came to defire me
to inRrua him ^ he feem'd to be the beft jnclin'd
pr ^nyM^n in the World, and C^\A h^ (^^r.,.^A
^4
think
Chinefe
fadies
( ^84 )
think nothiqg too bard for hidi ; but no Iboner
Suire "/''.'rr™/'""'"^ "^r ^^e Purity God r/.
thli%u, ^%'-^'*^i no fooner had I told him
that His Law is fo Holy, that it forbids eve" the
Ve rTuf'th'/n f ^'f ""f^'' "'"'^'' * '-""a "y to
vertue, than he anfwer'd me, // that h, fo ImuH
Tmh of nV^ V ,?"•'' tho'^convinc^d of t ^
afide th/rS^r-'^'"''.'^'''?'"''' •>= thereupon laid
c.y?«. of ^"?« the Defign of embracing it.
"i"'' of Vrm" Somr- w- '''■■' 6''^ y°" =" Account
whirh r! ^''*°"',! relating to the aitufe Ladies,
of Conve?noS°"Th'''""'^ '''^'" ^^™ ^» ""^"^
H™,r« ^ • ^''-y "«»er go out of their
Poufes, or receive any Vifits from Men • it s a
fundamental Maxim o/the Empir" that 'a Wo-
f af"^i[H^raJixSor^°hi;
n^eanstoper^^eXthattLt'/d^T^^
7Wr«,,fc|°°'ift'° the Features of the Face, but in ?he
^"'- 1 ^•? M °/ "'; P""^ i f** that their firft Care is
Year old h'f '^'r" '^•''" ^^''^'"S ' « ChiM of a
S?ea°"ofAgl'"25er.Foot, than a Lady of
theT''inftr,!ft f^^n^^}''' '•"= Miflioners can nei-
emDlov tJ"^ ri' ^t'T^' 4'"« themfelv^s, nor
fonre^Sa^V/' ^'^' °'- ^'^ "^ -f "p'erm
Dartm!nr f ''"''"'" Woman to come into his A-
felSon ''^ ^''f'"""' tp her theMyftedesof
ca^not'''h'/'l°^J'"^u"''''^"»"5'^on«rted, they
bn!w K u ?' ^^""'"^ ""h the Men. . Al that
Chu«h;ori„U'S:^.I-4,^-P-]i-
the
the Sacraments to thein there. In thofc Aflem^
Ban^fm ' if ^^T '' ^f ' ^^fp^^'d for it receive
S J5"; ^^l^ ^^P^^' ^ ' 5 ^^^h^" a few Days.
Add to aW this, that the Chwefe Udies onlv
fpeak the Particular Language of their Province i Theyf^eak
fothat itis very difficult for%hem to be under- o«^^^^^^^^
M f? ^ .^he^^iffioner's, fomeof whom are only ^/'^««^««
Walters of the Ma^Jarwe Language. All poffiblc ^*'^'**
Care is taken to apply a Remedy to this Incon!'^""•
velJle^cy, I remember an Expedient .that was
found by a ^W^r,W V Wife, a few Days afTer
iny Arrival in this City : Becaufe ihe coild not
be underllood by the Miffioner, to whom flic
had a Mind to make her Confeffion, Ihe call'd
iier eldeft Son and told him all her Sins, that he
ir^ight repeat them to the Father ConfeHbr and
Jh!r -5 I ^u ^S^*"' ^"^^^ Advice and Inftruaions
the faid Father gave her. We ftould fcarce find
luch an Inftanceof Simplicitly and Fervor in Enrope.
I JLZf "^^ u^^^^^}!^ Dcpendance thoVe Jkeir c.«.
Ladies have on their Husbands is the Reafon why verfio» «or
mere is not much dependance on their Con vcrfi- ^^ ^' ''«-
on, efpecially if the Husband is an Idolater of^'"'^'^^
which here follows a iMclahcholy inAance. An
Heathen Woman vy ho had found means to be
CMifly 111, defir'd her Husband to call the Miffioner
to b^ptife her. He being extremely fond of
her, ea^y comply'd for Fear of thwarting
^er, and flie^ was to have receiv'd what flit
fo earneftly defir'd the next Morning. The
^.«^ei had notice of it ., they immediately went
huu/ 1. r^^""^' ^''°"' ^^"^y upbraided with
Jiis Weaknefs in confenting to his Wife's Requefl:
fhl Mt^ i^^^'^Thoufand extravagant Stories o>
fne Miffioners. ■
The next Morning, when the Miffioner wa^
prep^UlgtO 20 to hnnfi-zp th3t dvi"" tir_^. '
her
Ion*
( i8^ )
li^r Hasband fcnt him Word, that he thank'4
Jim for his Trouble, but that he would not have
Ills Wife baptis'd. All means were us'd to pre-
vail on him to confent to what he had at firft
granted, and fome Friends of his, who were
Chrifiians went on Purpofe to vifit him; but
thejr could not move him. / hm yom- Cunnini,
laid he, md the Miffiontr's too \ he comes with his Oyl
UtHnoHt the Ski People Eyes, for to ntMke Proftemie
Cities, No, he fhall not fet his Foot within my
HoHfe, and I will have my Wife bury'd with both
her Eyes. Whatfoever they could fay, there was
no undeceiving of him, and his Wife dy'd without
being baptiz'd.
I cannot finifh this Letter, without giving yon
jn Inftance of the Faith of our zealous Chriflians :
tor by their means I have had the good For-
tune to Adminifter Holy Baptifm to many Ido-
Duringthe Abfence of F. Foncquet, who was
gone to Namhan^-fou, an Infidel came to delire
I would affift a whole Family, which was cru-
elly tormented by the Devil. He confefs'd, they
liad apply'd themfclves to the Sonzjer, who for
the Space of three Month? had offer'd feveral
Safe ^^^"^^^* ' ^^^ 'hofe means proving unfuccefsful
guirds a. '5«y had Recourfe to the Teham-tien-fee General
gainfh the °^ ^"^ Tao-jjees, a Sort of Bonx.9s ', that they had
Pevil. purchaii'dof him tothe Value of 20 Livres of
Safeguards againft the Devil, wherein he forbid
the evil Spirit any more to moleft that Family i
that in Conclufion, they had callM upon all the
Gods of the Country and had oSbfd up Vows to
*11 the Pagods ^ hut that after all this Trouble and
Expence, the faid Family ftill continu'd in the
fame Condition, and it was a difmal Spedacle to
behold fevcn PeiTons in fuch violent raging I^its,
that if Care had not been taken to bind them^
ttey would certainly have murder'd one anotherJ
Ijodged by what that poor Man had fo ingenu,
oufly declar'd to me, that there might be tome
Operation of the Evil Spirit in^t. { th"«
ajlcd, what It was that mov'd him to have Re-
courfe to the Church. / hm;, i„, i„f„„'j „.
ply d he. thMjou adore tht Creator and the ahP,-
Foair oyer Chriftians, and therefore I refolv'd t,
tmutotrntreatyoHto cometo owrHoKfe andiocaimon
fri.^Tr^^""' ^''^f" *^'M'<>ffo manySuf.
Jtnng PerJoHs. ^ / j .
1 eudeavour'd to comfort him by my An-
fwers ; bat at the fame Time gave him to under-
fr^\l^l there was nothing to be expedcd
from the true Gad> as long as they kept the To-
iensof Idolatry m their Houfe; that it was re-
quisle to be inftruded in our Holy Myfteries, an4
be 4ifpQS*d for Baptifro, and then I (hould be able
togrant what th§y delir'd ; however that the
Piftempqr might be altogether Natural, and
therefore 1 woqld firft feriouHy examine what
gifeafe it might be. Then I put him into the
Haa4s pf a zealous Chrillign to inftill into
mm a genial Notion 9f the Myfteries of Religion. ,
*• J?i ^^^^^ return'd home, well enough fa-
tisfy d. The next Day he retorn'd to my
qburch. bringing a Bag, out of which he drew'
five Idols, a little Stick, about a Foot lone and
anlnchfquare, on which feveral Chimfe Cbara- ''ioht^rs
aers were Carv'd, and another Bit of Stick ^'•^*-
five Inches long and two in Breadth, all ove*-'
tuil Ot Charaders, except on one Side, on which
was reprefented the Devil ftruck through with
a Sword, the Point whereof ftuck in a cubical
Fiece of Wood, which was alfo full of Myfteri-
T ^*^3^^?^»'s- Then he gave mc a Book of
aoont 1 8 JLeaves, containing the Orders from
the
■
ill
( i88 )
tile Tcham'tten- fee, whereby the Devil was forbid
under the fevereft Penalties, difturbing the Per-
fons therein mention'd any more. Thofe Injun-
tions were Seal'd with the Seal of the TchMm-
tien-jfee, and fign'd by him and two other Bonz.es.
I forbear to mention feveral other trivial Parti-
culars, which would tire you.
Perhaps you will not be unwilling to hear
what Sort of Idols thofe were. They were of
Idols de- Wood gilt and pretty curioufly painted, fome
j<rn,a. ^ere Figures of Men and others of Women ; the
Men had Chinefe Phyfiognomies ^ but the Wo-
men had European Features. Every Idol had oa
Its Back an opening, clos'd with a little Board,
I took up that Board and perceiv'd, that the o-
pening was narrow, but then the hollow within
grew wider towards the Stomach, in which Ca-
vity there «were Bowels made of Silk and at the
fartheft Part a little Bag in the Shape of a Man's
^I^i^r* .-P^} ?^S was full of Rice and Tea, in
all likelihood, for the Subfiftance of the Idol. In
the Place of the Heart I found a Paper very
neatly folded. I caus'd it to be read to me and
It was a Lift of the Names and Surnames of all
the Perfons in the Family, and the Day of their
Birth, all particularly mention'd. There were
alfo yc,/sand Prayers, full of Impiety and Su-
perltition. The Figures of Women had befides
thofe Things at the farther Part of that little
Hollownefs, a bottom of Cotton longer than
It was thick, neatly bound with Thread, and
almoft m the Shape of an Infant Swaith'd.
The Infidel feeing me throw all thofe Idols into
the Fire, thought I fhould no longer make any Dif-
ficulty of going to hisHoufe. Several Chriflians
then prefent, joyu'd with him in intreatine me fo
to do, which I refus'd till better inform'dof the na-
ture of the Diftemper and accordingly I fent fome
Chmlitans to brm^ me an Account. They
t
( 189 ;
They went away full of Faith, fercrallnfidels
and among them a Bonz^e, who hapned to be
prefent went with them, out of Curio f v. As
loon as come to the Houfe, they made all the
Family kneel down, One of the Chrifli^„s be-
San to^expound the Apoflles Creed i after which
le ask d the Suffering Perfons, whether they
behey'dall the Articles of the ar,:/?M« Faith ;
whether they hop'd la the Omnipotcncy of God
and in the Merits of Jesus Christ Crucify'd ;
mrcS^v K Pr T'r^ '^^"^y ^^ renounce all thaJ
ra#t be difpleafin^ to God j whetjier they
WOUI4 keep his Commandments and live and
d>e m the Praaice of his Law. When they had
all anfwer d in the affirmative, he began the
??^v jy'^^ }^^^ °^^^^ C/;n}?M«x, all the relt
•pfthat Day they wer€ entirely free from their
Diltflmper.
.Jr^^ 'i"^r'^'' y'l? ^'^ ^^'^"S'^ t^^ther, were
;J nJ ./•k"'^!'^^'^ ^* ^^""^ Change. Some of
them^attributed it tothe Almighty Power of
the God of the Chriflla^s ', others and particu-
W^y the ^^»^fj faid It was merely accidental.
•*!: P]?^s d God to undeceive them, for the Pa-
Jfpnts the next Day fell again into their Di-
ftcmper, at which the Sotfze and his Followers
rejoycdi but wereamaz'd to fee that as often
as .the Prayers werp repeated and the Name
fi^ Jesus call d upon, they were €afy again, and
that not by degrees but immediately 1 nor
once only but feveral Times in one Day.
, That Wonder itopped the Mouths of the
Bo?jj^ and his Adherents -, almdlt all of them
oji-zn d,;that the God of the Chriflu^s was the
only true God, and above thirty of them
were then Converted. I ha^e been thefe three
Months inltruaing fuch as were Converted
uf3on
( '90 )
jpon that Occafion and the Family has never
been tronbled iince.
_ To perpetuate the Memory of fogreataBlefllnri
theyhavejplac'd in the Hall appointed for the Re-
ception of Strangers, alargc Image of our Savionr-
which r prefented them, and onder it haVc carv'd
this Inftription in large Charaders. Such a Te^t
Mdfuch a, Mtmth^ this Family was affliEied with fuch
an Evtl'^ ffce Bonzes and the Gods of the Coutitrj
were in vain catt'd ufm, 7 he Chriftians cafne kp^
cnfuch a Day, calCd ufon the Tru^ God, and the Mil
smmedtately teas' d. In acknowledgment for that Blep-
fmg we have emhrac'd His Holy Law, and wretchid
ihatPerfon ofdkr Pojierity whoJhaUbefo unffratefuioi
to adore any other God but the God of the ChriftJattSi
The Creed and the Ten Commandments areali
10 writ there. 'is.iiCf
Ever ^nce that Time I haire never been wJi5^
out about 40 Catechumens to inftruft, for as Mii
anyarebaptis'd, others fucceed in their PJacrs. %
know not, whether you have heard that ^m
Wiffiohers of our Society have had the honout 16
dye m Cochinchina, loaded with Irons, tot" the
Sake of Jesus CtiRisT. '..rx/rno:;
K Royer writes to me from Tonkin, that hc-a^d
Four other Miffioners of our Society have liedil
very fuddenly, as is promis'v. u..., au.
I3ut in Hopes that it will be hard, poor, labori-
ous, and that tliere will be much to endore in it
and great Ad vantases in Religion to b^reap'd!
(I90
my to God that ! ftidy anfwcr thrfe good Ends;
J am, with much Rcfpcd, ^
^ivtrtnd Father,
Tonr mtffi humble Md meff
tbediem Servsnt In $ur tdrd^
Mifmeref theShcitfybf ]r,fkM%.
ii^ Lf/Zfr /r<?Mr R de Bourzes, M/^/ierr of
m Soaety of Jesus, z;^ India, toK St^
phen Souciet, if the fame Society.
Reverend Father:
.1 'M
i\Ji':h Trf'
t'tJSTasI was upon the point of imbarkinR
wherfeln you adWs'd me to deme ftm^Momlm'
I., i'u' " **^ ^' ''•* Employment of a Miffio-
ner would permit and at the fame Time to ac-
T^l ^"."l* ".''*' Pircoveries I ffiould happen
ZTJt\} v""^*" »' Jon'Plying "ith you, cm
duu/ig my Voyage ; but I wanted laftiuments,
and you know they are abfolotely neceOary when
fL A ?i *V° .""' Perform'd with Exaanefs.
For that Reafon I only made fuch Obfervations
«rfo^ig^„terp. . r"" ^'" "''"*' '''"'°"
5 J "'l'- ^=6'" wj* a Phyfical, or NatnralSnb-
je«, which will befomewhat new to thofe who
Have never been at Sea, and perhaps ..thofe,
who'
iho having been
( ^9^ 1
11^
>t obferv'd it re*
ry attentively. . ^ \
You have read, Reverend Father, wdat^ the
Philofophers write concerning the Lights, which
lights ap- appear in the Night on the Sea ^ but perhaps you
pearing on may have taKcii notice, that they pafsover that
tte Sea, Phanomemn very (lightly \ Or at leaft that they
have rather iabour'd to give^an Account of it,
according to their Principles, than to explain it
"Well, as it h in it's felf. However it is my O-
pinion, that before we go about to unfold thofe
Wonders of Nature, we ought firft to endeavour
to be acquainted with all the Particulars of them.
J will now lay before you all 1 have thought wor*
thy to beobferv'd relating to this Subjed. '
Lightmde I* Wheti the Ship makes good Way, a jrdrt
fytbefAyUght 4$^r often feen in the Track itmake^V;*bat
ofaship in is, on the- Waters it has patted and asiiitilwere
tbi w^^r^r-crufli'd afunder in pafllng. 'Thofe who do not
obferve it narrowly enough, ^very ofl^e/iaf^ribe
' that Light either to the Moon or Stars, or elfe to
•the Lanthorn on the Stej:n-This^fanTe | pfcfen|Iy
fancy 'd, the lirft Tim^J, ,;ook noticp -pft&t
great Light j but having a Window wbi^hJpok'^
out diredtlyupon that Track, I was fqpjnupcle-
.ceiv'd; efpecially when I faw that LighMpjpear'd
much plainer, when the Moon was under. the. jio-
rizon, all the Stars clouded, ;he LanthorVwfith-
. out a Candle, and in (hort, when no other JL^jght
could appear on the Surface of the Wat*?r;y i^^r^
; II. That . l^ight .is po^ ajinvays alike 5? fome
.Nighty there is little :of it, or none aj;,a,U^ o-
thcr times it is clearer, arid fpmetimes mc^e fa-
Jy\ fomeljgi^s.it fpreads yery wide, andi^gaifi at
othci tidies it is more co^^trgded.
:iUii3 i
jfJCl 4L jil
m.
('9?)
nay be ftrpnz'd, when I tJ\\ »^» .iLVrr^^
yoa
muft add,. I claMi^iy re*7X- rm^'r ^
Parw'lll^'li^T *' !f **? '" ''"^'■''g°i* what
rarts. are,: light and What are not fo. ia
I- ^"^^ kt'^ "'her Ti.7ies there is no nl*
wf„^ ^^ °' '^^'-" '"J' Pieafant to behold!-
So .t appear'd to me on the Tenth of 7*/y. ,, '?*
„ •^'^^''*°,."'*^''i"ning Parts can be diftiiW
gu.ni d from the others, i? nay be obrerv'd? th^
they are not all alrfee in Shape j fome 0? them
ffL^fi'""^/^?"'' °J ^8'''' others are ^•
bom!.tb*;Bignefs that the Stars appear tons
^"■""'jf I'keli'tleBaUs, not above One or Two
J:ffir.°^.?-" '"^"Diameter; others re-
preJMt Globes as big as aMan's Head. Verv of-
ten thofcFhMori Ire alfo of a Square Form:
Three, or Four Inches in Length, and One or
T"" « Breadth. Thefe PhMori of fereral
Shapes are often feen at the fame'Time. Sn th«
Tweiftb of ?„«, the Track the Ship made wat
i
I
( 194 )
foil of Latgc Circles of Light, and of thofe Ob-
long Squares I have mention'd. Another Day,
when the Ship made but little Way, thofe round
Lights appear'd and vanilh'd the fame Moment^
like Lightning.
Vn. It is not only the Way of the Ship that
produces thpfc Lights, the Fiflies alfo leave be-
liind them a Bright Furrow, v^hich is clear €-
noogh to diltinguifh theBlgnefsof tbeFiOi^ and
to know of what Sort it is. I have fometimes
fecn a great Number of thofe Fifties, which play-
ing in the Sea, made as it were a Sort of Fire-
work in the Water, agreeable enough to be-
hold. Very often a Rope thrown athwart br«ak9
the Water fufiiciently to produce a Light; -J
• . . ... - ,- . .
VIIL If Water be taken up out of the Sea,
and never fo little ftirr'd with the Ha-^d, there
will appear an infinite Number of Shining Parts.
■ ' • ■■ ;1 t ■
IX. If aLinnenCloth be dippMinSeaWater,
^he fame will appear, when it is wrung one, in a
Dark Place *, and even when halt dry it need only
be fhak'd out to fee Abundance of Sparks come
from it.
X. When one of thofe Sparks is once form'd,
it continues a long Time, and if it clings to any
thing that is folid. as for Inftance, to tbeSid«of
the Ship, it will laft whole Hours. i
XI. It 19 not always when the Sea runs higlaft
that moll of thoft Phofphori appear, «or even
when the Ship makes the moiJ Way j nor is it on*
ly the Shock ot the Waves one againft another
that produces thofe Sparks of Light ^ at leaft I
have not obfery'd it to be fo ^ but 1 hav« taken
IHOli(»c,
hofe Ob-
her Day,
>fe round
Moment,
hip tha(t
2a ve be-
I clear €-
Fi(h^ and
>metime9
ich play-
: of Fire-
h to be-
rt breaks
Zi :..' ■
the Sea,
'd, there
ng Parts.
3 Water,
oua, in a
leed only
ks come
; form'd,
;s to any
nSideot*
s higheft
ar even
: is it on-
another
It leaft I
re taken
tsolice.
C "9^ )
J^^'^Jf;; ""r *•'« ^""'"g of the Waves againft
the Shore fometimcs produces Abundance la
w'f !n* ^'"'"S the Shore look'd to me as if it
^h"fe Lighu oTitf" ^''" "'' '"' ^i"^"''^' °f
XII. The Prododion of thofe Lights depends,
r„l L- ' 'i. ' "'ftake not, it may be, Renerallv
fl)eaking, aflcrted, that allowing other Circum-
FlL^^h '',.," ""!'* "^^ "■"* "'"ny i fof "t High
fiS^A *',-'^"f^ •' "°' ''<l''»"y «'e" in all Parts,
rintilT""".'!'-""'?" '''PP'^ in the Sea becomes
S-h^n^'-r' ^f"^ feveral Times obferv'd, that
when the Track was brighteft, the Water was
d^nnM^"^?!,'' A".? *•""' »'«' '''« " Linnen Cloth
feen. " ^"""^ ' 6"'''='' l-ight when
Xin.Befide$ there arelbme Places In the Sea<
^^T w7'"' ^?"" "'^ J''" '«''» on the Surface
of the Water, fome Red and fome Yellow. A
Man at firft Sight would be apt to take them for
Wn"A?.°,T,?l'°"^»y""y''f« the Spawn, or
Seed of the Whales 5 bot that is not very cer*
tain. Water taken np out of the Sea in fuch Pla-
ces IS very Uimy. The fame Sailors fay that there
IZ "'"y He^P' of that Spawn in the North,
and that fometimes in the Night Time they ap-
pear all Light, without being difturb'd by any
inip paffing by, or by any Fifli.
xi.'^I^"!.^"' *** corroborate my Affertion, vX.
I Hat the more vifcous the Water is, the greater
L'gnt It gives ' will add one Particular very re-
markable, which 1 have feen. One Dav thev
looK, aboard our Ship, a Fifli, which fome be-
O 2 liev'd
**f I
*ii
; t
lit:
Jili
t j
(196)
liev'd to be a Bomto.The Infide of thatFifb'sThroat
in the Night looked like a Burning Coal, info-
much, that without any other Light, I read the
fame Letters I had before read by the Light of
the Furrow made by the Ship's Way. That
Throat was full of a Vifcous Matter, with which
we rubb'd a Piece oi Wood and that alfo cad a
Light ^ as foon as that Matter was dry, the Light
vanilh'd.
THefe are the chierefl Obfervations I have
made on thsiZ Phammemn-j I leave it to you to
judge, whether allthefe Particulars can be conli-
ftent with the Syftem of thofe, who afTign for
the Caufc of the Lig^t^the Motion o/the Subtile
Matter, or of theGloboli, occafio^'d,^yjthe yio-""
lent Agi^tation of the Salts. 'ha7\fif^^>
Kmbowu I. m?ft add a Word concerning; the /r//e/, or.
Rainbows ot the Sea. lobferv'd them after a
great Storm we were in at the Cape o^ Good
Hopg. Jhe Sea ranyfty high, the;Wind bore
away the Tops of th^ Waves and brpke them into,
a Sort, of Rain^ on, which the Sun Beams ini-
furinted the Colours of the Rainbdyv. It is truo
the Heavenly f,'is ot Rainbow In this Particular
excelis that of the Sea, ihat it's Colours are much
more lively, more dlftindj and there is moj;e
Variety of them . There . are fcarce , ,al)Ove Two
Poloi^rstobe diftinguilb'd in the irl^ pf the Sea,
a Dull Yellow aext the; Sun and a Bale Green
on !t^e other Side. Tbe other Colours' have not
Livelinefs enough to be diftinguilh'd. On the p-
ther Hand the Sea Rainbows are much more riu-
merous^ TwentyorThirty of themmay befeen
at, once, they appear,at Noon Day, and are in a
Pofitvon oppofite to the Iris in the Sky, that is,
their Bow or Arch is turn'd down towards the
Bottom of the Sea. Let anv one/ after this.
( '97 )
fay, that in long Voyages there is nothins to
be feen but the Sea and the Sky •, it is verv
true, but yet both of.them furnifh fo many
Wonders, that there might be fufficicent Em-
ployment for fuch Perfons as Mrere underftan-
ding enough to difcover them.
In fine, to conclude, all the Obfervations I
have made concerning Light, I will add only
one more,. ^n Relation to the Exhalations,
which take Fire in the Night and by being fo ^""^^l^ti.
inflamM form a light Space in the Air. Thofe """'•
Exhalations in India leave a much larger Track
than in Europe. At leaft I have feen Two oc
Three which I Ihould have been apt to take for
real Rockets J they appear'd very near the Earth
L $^I^ ^ ^^Sht almoft like that of the Moon
thQ firft Days of its Incrcafej their Fall was
flow and infalling they form'd a Spherical Line.
This IS rnoft' certain, at leaft as to one of thofe
iixnautipns, which I faw out at Sea, being at a
great^piftance from the Coaft of MnUbar. ^
This^ls all I can write to you at prefent. I
wilh, Reverend Father, thefe fmall Obfervations
may pleafe you. God be praifed, I cxptdt eve-
ry Moment Advice to enter the Kingdom of
Madurcy that being t|ie Miflion appoint^.d me
and which you know 1 have fo long wi;h'd for!
I hope 1 fh^ll there have Occafion to make
more important Obfervations on God's Mercy
towards thofe People. Affift me with your
Prayers, which you know 1 ftand in need of,
J jam with much Refped,
Reverend Father^
Tour moSi humble and ptoft-
obedient Servant in our Lord,
De Bo u B z r s, Mijfioner of
^r.v VV\.tZiJ VJ jbSUS,
P 3 A
(198)
J Letter from F. Jat^oux, Miffiofter of the
Society of Jesus, in Chiaa, to P. de
FQOtenay, of the fame Society.
\m
¥ '
)•
Peking^ jiug, 20, 1704
P-CY. Father,
•1
T Remember, that when you y^tnt ftomChinii
you charg'd me to give you an Account c»
very Year of our Crofles and of our Comforts.
God be prais'd I might find enough to impart
to you as to the firil Point ; but it 'Iocs not
always bfecomp the Difciples of JESVS CHRIST
to make Relations themfelves of their Sufie-
rings i it is enough for them, if it plcafes God
to accept of what they endure. Give m^ leave
therefore to flick oqly to that which may be
plcafingand edifying to you.
I beein by the folemn opening of our Church,
yihkh happen'd on the pth of Dectmhtr^ in the
Year 1703. You I^aow it was in Jdnnary id^^p,
fmptm that the Emperor gave F. GerbiUon leave to
cf China build It, in tiiat great Spot of Ground he had
The7uf given us, and which is within the Enclofure of
ding of a ^"^ Palace. Some Time after that Prince caus'd
0mb. the Queftion to be put to all the MiOioners at
the Court, whether they would not contribute
towards the raifing of that Strudure, as to a
good Work, in which he derign*d to bear a
Part himfelf. Next he caus'd Fifty Crowns in
Gold to be given to each of them, fignifying
that the faid Sum was to be apply'd to that
\york. Bclides he furqifh'd p^rt of the Matc-
nals
r of the
f . de
1704
n Ckinki
:ount e*
Dinforts.
impart
iocs not
CHRIST
' Sufic-
fesGod
le leave
siajr be
Church,
» in the
;ave to
he had
)rure of
ecaus'd
)ners at
itribute
[S to a
bear a
WHS in
nifying
to that
Mate-
rials
i
riaw and appointed Al4fuiarmes to be Ov€rfeer$
of it. We had only 2800 Livres, when the
Gi'ottnd was broke up to lay the Foundations ;
the rett was left to Prbvidence, which did not
fail us.
I'bur ejfeirc Years have been fpent in building
and embellifhing this Church, which is one of
the fined and the molt regular throughout all
the E'aftern Parts. 1 do not pretend here ^j
give you an exad Defcription, it Ihall fufixcc cO
prefeat you with a fmall Idea of it.
The ftrft Entrance is into a Court Forty Foot
broad and about Fifty in length, which is be-
tween Two well proportion'd Piles of Building,
being Two great Halls after the Chinefi Fafliion j Two mSt,
the one ferves for Chapters and for inftrufting
of ths CattchurAtns^ aud the other to entertain
fuch as come to vilit us. In the latter of theie
are hung up the Pidures of the King, the
Dauphin, the Princes of the Blood of Fr4Hctf
the King of Sfain now Keigning, the King of
England and feveral other Princes, with Mathe-
matical and Muiical Inftruments. There are
alfo tobefeen all thofe fine Pieces of Graving
coUedcd into great Books, which have been fet
forth to make known to all the World the
Magnificence of the Court of France, The
Chinefis view all thofe Things with the greateft
Curiofity.
At the End of that Court Hands the Church. tbeCburcb,
It is Seventy Five Foot in Length, Thirty Three
in Breadth and Thirty in Height. The inf^de
of the Church is composed of Two "'inks of
Architefturei each Rank has Sixteen Half Co^
lumns cover'd with a green Varnifh. The Pe^
deftals of the lower F^ank are of Marble, thofe
of th^ upper Rank are Gilt, as are the Capi-
Liornilh and ^hofe of the
», ttie tidge$ Qt ^he
O4
Fn?c
r
< I
1-^
I
h
i
I
'I
other Membm o'f^Il fh 'r "-'^ Pointed ;, the
of feveral Tni„ "* Cprnicfs are varwft'd
Twelve large arch'dwini? -P?" '^^'^ ^*
Side, which eive a fo^i"!''' 'V''S'> oil each
IWarble cS°Sns funnnrJ?"'^ StruQure, Ukg
?nd over tLT LSrBTn^^.^^^^Ae'btr''"'
are alfo fet in annf I,., d * V 4 he Gojumns
beautiful ContrivanL 5',^^!,°^ Banifter, of a
^ine Pain, all
It is in vain for us to f^ii fi,« l^P:- -/ r?-- ^
I have mpntJonM • .^'' ^"^ C^WvJi that
Oval" th'; P^Fntinf if f . ^"-"^ «- Two
The Front w'lKSlurrheV'P"^'^-
ner as the Flat Roof Thf !.-i '^ ^^"'^ '^^n'
.Cpptinuation of thrLhli-.A^'''". °!" "'= »
Chindes in Perfpeftive It iAi r^"""^ °*^ 'he Church
'?""""; g° "P to fee'that lf^''^?V'^'' the a,i„ef«
^ ■" ■'" come to it, thev ft-M vV ^^^'^ ^^^y ^'e
' '' The
( 2o: )
It iMdorn d with the Rich Prcfents of the Kine's
Qenerofity, which you brought us from eZ%,
and with which his Mcjefty has been nleaT'd
th^Lir^'ofKlS "*^^*^ ^^ ' 8«" King tl
WliBtfoever Induflry we ns'd, the Church "/»»'''«•?
could not be open'd till the Berinnine of i'.''^ ^*-
«»fcr, laft Year. A , S,md^y ^J S'd uDon ""^^
for performing of that Ceremony. TgLIiM
Vifitor of the Societir in this Part of the Eaft'
attended l,y many other IWiffioners of feveral
kfr m' '""" "V"^'? '^' New Church. In fo.
carv'd rrr • r^''^^^^ ^"'"'''fi' '« Su'rplices
carry d the Crofs, the Candlefbicks, the Cenfor,
Cf-^. Two Priefts with Stoles and Surplices
went on the Sides of him that Officiated the
other Miflionersfollow'dby Two and Two ' and
after them came a Crowd of ChriLJ^ham
their Devotion had drawn thither '
„,h1„ f If '5''^ H°l V«'^(°rm'd, all the Congre-
gation fell down before the Altar : the Fathers
in the Body of the Church feveral Times hif
their Foreheads againft the Ground Then HiS
bt F Zav/"^' T"" " ^f''^"" ^"<^ Subdeacon,
by F.Gerbt/ha, who may be look'd upon as th<.
Founder of this Church. AbundanceTf Cljftt
r- ^T'i 'he Communion ; the AtcB chrlflL
J^xS, our lingular Benefaftor was pray'd foT
and after the Wafs V. GrimMi made a verv
moving pifcourfe, and the Solemnity ended S
OaChrifima, iiigbt Mafs was again Sung with
he fime Solemnity and as much Concourf- of
K''^:F'"hfuI. Had not the a,W/-, MuH .°! c.- -
ftiM^ients, « Which therp is fomcwbatRunicaU^M'^"
\ put
C 203 )
pat me in mind, that I was in a foreign Milli-
on, IftiouJd have thought my felf in the Heart
of France^ where Religion enjoys it's pcrfeft li-
berty. .■ . ./ Ui.';
You cannot imagine what a Multitude df^er^'
fons of Diftindion has come to fee this Stru*
dure^ they ail proftrated themfelres ftferaf
Chinefcs Times before the Altar i and many are infttu-
tLi'Z^^^ *".°"'' Religion, approve of it, and givtf
AiZr "^ R^*^^" ^^ *»°Pc '^«y will in Time embrace
it.
How great a Trouble to us would it be, Re>
verend Father, if we fhould have the Misfor*
tune to fee a Stradure deftroy'd, which makes
Religion triumph even within the Palace of an
iKfidel Prince ! We were in Danger of it Two
Months after the Church was finilh'd, which
happened after this Maner.
On the 1 2th of February 1704, F. Brocurd^
who is employ'd in making of Mathematical
Inftrumeiits, in the Hereditary Prince's Apart-
ment, was order'd to Aure fomc Works in
Steel. The firft was a fort of Ring ; the ft-
cond was like the Shell of a Sword, exadly
round \ the third refembfed the Pommel of a
Sword, and the fourth was a quadrangular Point
verylharp. This is neceflary to be known for
the underftanding of what 1 am about to fay.
Scruple a- I happened to be then in the Apartment
imtmrk.jnitli F. Brocard, to help him finifh fome Work,
F. Bouvet^ who ferves for our Interpreter was
alfo fent for, and having view'd thole Pieces of
Steel, told me, he was much afraid they were
Parts of an Idolatrous Inftrument. I ask'd him
feveral Times, what Ground he had for this
Jealoufy \ but he could make no other Anfwer,
than that they feem'd to him, to be Pieces of
a« »ww* 3 ji-c^^vs^i. i cAauiiii ^ viiv'fn iii my jarii
very
( aoj )
very attentirely, and could fee nothine in thi^m
befides fome Flovvcrs, and thoft '"b!dlV «-
tni rf.^h t! " we^"'- not obey his Orden.
till fuch Time as wc were eas'd of the ScruDle
we had conceiv'd in Relation to the %;»^he
tt.^'"/V.^'"'''''*''e Name they gTveVo '
five it r^Lf"?'".-^ ?" •" "^--^ "PP'-'hen-
iTLi ?'*L''* ** ^"^ '"»» or for fomc other
K„y'liS"t'o!? -f«rP«aedit,wecould n'^'
onl?d^fi«TLPr*P^' ''■'x'Tr*'''' '"'■"'' ''^ "'W,.
foranv W 7^ Pence's Ufe, a^d no Way""' M
Bcuvet, f^ «;r«/-ro, ,0 y,u, ,hat ihu Pien wry
t. «rM,, W.r Genij W J r,h.m I ,hi„iZ
BvUSfmn, and Mcccrdmg u th. f%i„cifU, V "«r
R,Uptn,ve cmmthnt a Hand in am Lh Works
The Euiiuch, who knew little of the Dntie*
« Aift- ? °^ ^i*""'^ P- ■»'"«''« Doubt, caird
much H«r%nH'' ""^'T^^ ''"'"°°'' ^"d with
Jhn> i» h 1 fdeavonr'd to nialte out to us, that
the.efs obhgd to obey the Prince; that after'
lo many Favo-i- as the Emperor had heao'd
upon us and ... a Time, when he had newlu
permitted us to build a Church to the God we
aqor d, even within rhp u^oiio „c .i— r. i
4C
( 204 )
it was a vfry unworthy Aftion; to refufe tfrif
Prince fuch a Trifle upon a falfe Jjcr uple. Then'
adding Threats to Reproaches, he laid bet .reiii:
the il! Confequences which might attend our
Difobedience. ^''^ '
V.''e anfwer'd. That the Emperor might dif-
pofe of our Lives , that we were molt ^enfible
oi all his Favours -, that we were above all in-
finitely oblig*d to him for the Proteftion he. af-
forded our Holy Law *, that wt were ready to
obey him in all other Points, as we had done
till then, whatfoever it might coftus*, nay, that
we thought our felves honoured above Meiafure,^
in that he did vouchfafe to accept of our Service;
but that he' it (hould occafion our falling into
Difgrace, and being expos*d to the moft dread-
ful Puniflaments, we fliould never be prevail^
upon to do any Thing that werecontiary to the
Purity of our Religion.
When we had made our Declaration in (b
plain a Manner, the Eunuch endeavour'd byaB
the moft obliging Means to overturn our Re-
fblution. He told Father £ouvet, we might
take his Word for it, that the Pien we were
talking of, was nothing relating either to Fo,
or any of the other Idols. One of thofe that
came with him, gave me the fame Aflurances.
apart, and told me, the Emperor himfelf had
fuch a one.
We knowing to what a Height the Manda'^
rines will carry their Complaifance towards the
Emperor and the Prince, did not think our
felves oblig'd to reft fatisfy'd upon their Af-
furances. I took my Turn therefore to fpeak,
and faid, That fince the Tien belonged to the
Prince, no Man cou^d know better than he
what ufe it was defign'd for ; that it was eafy
fpr him to remove the Scruple that with-held
us;
fufe tf»^
e. Then
let .re ui
rnd our
ght dif-
'cnfible
all in-
1 he. af-
eady to
[d done
ay, that
leafurCfc
Icrvice;
ng into
b dread-
revaiPd
y to the
I in fo
dbyaU
lur Re-
might
; were
to F<7,
fe that
Lirances.
If had
"ds the
k our
ir Af-
fpeak,
to the
an he
fs eafy
h-held
C:«o5 )
ucv that if he would pleafe himfclf to acquaint^l
us with the uie he deiign'd to put that Weani
pon to and afliires u^ , that neither he nor the
Chinefes did telicvc: there w^saay peculiar
Virtue in it, hf fhould be forthwith obey'd.
We were really fugiciently convinc'd of the.
Princes Sincerity, to make no farther Scruple,
if he flioufd once declare himfclf to us as to hk,
Defign.
roM 4re very TrefHmptiotu^ reply'd th* Eunuch;
to require any fnch Thing -^ ^ind fp he left us,
to^^o make his Report to the Prince. All,
thole, who were prefent at this ConvcrfaKioa*
look'4 upon us as loft Men. Some Time after
Word was brought us, to repair to the Palace
tp (give an Account of our Behaviour. Tho
ufage we had by the Way from moft of tbci
Officers, made us conclud'^ we, fhould be no b^t-;
ter^ treated by the Prince himfelf. 1 came jfli;
firrt, and as foon as in his Prefence, proftrated'
my felf according to the Cuftom. 1 was in the
midit of all his-Attendantsat. the.Entrance inr
to his Appartment, and he iookiag upon me with
a Countenance full of Anger. ^nd Indignation^
id\Q,i MuB I t^tn, deliver my Order s tny felf^ to ha,
4>s,i!^? Do you Xngv^whitt Punijhment yom Dift-*
Mience defervet^ ncQording to the Laws ? Thea-
directing his Dilcqurfe to F/ BQuvet^ who caunG,
clofe after me. i>o you know^ this Weapon^ faid,
he, it is the Pien / wake ufe'of,And which is onlj^
made fcr my Vfe \ it is neither for Fo, nor-f«^[
any other Genitf/y and no Mm ajfigns a»yjevi(^4r
Virtue to this Vkn, is not thi^jnough to jjttisfy ok
your ill grounded ScrHfles f '' ,.., ,
F. Bouveiy thought he might,: without i^ejig^
guilty of any^ Difrcfped towards the Prin«^!
lay before hinj- the Reafon? ,tha^had occUrr^J'
10 him for making a Doubt, but the Prince Re-
lieving
»■
( 206 )
bi;''^i'r'/r" T'^" « <*'ffic"'ty to fubmltopott
ftowM hi' S^^" '° '»«"'»«'- f-ch a manner a»
nim into the Hall where the Plays are afled
to fee there other Scepters like^-iis in thr
Hands of the Comedians, who were thin iufr
going to Ad. /«*/„/„, raid he, IhXr rW
%.ZTp:;: '^ '''■''-' ^''"^' '"'■-'' -
hi^^^t f,' ^T" '■«'"•'>'<'. the Prince ask'd
?i~' ,*m"u" '"l"^'' y" undecelT'd. The Fa-
2uJ^ '"• H """ '''•y fenfible that ftV«
refd in fn''"' '« ^T'""} "'"" ' •"" «''='' having
Jh ? f u°?"k^°°'' °f the Hiftory of Cte*.
Jtc '^u- '"*'•'""«'»-« had been put to fome
J'^" "Jich o-tr Religion detefts, he had found
^rl TJ^'^fft ""J' "^'' ""Sht be of the fame
«ofs Err„rc''"p"l''''''P'^ "''^''t be under
». ™l Rejoynder of F. Bouvtt highly incens'd
th^ a'T^ '''^1?''''' '••« Miffionei'did "rgc
the Authority of fome Romance, or of fome
Toul TT ^^f^A te^'-ft hi* Teftimony!
M,nf ^"•'"!?"-, ftid he to him in a ftern
Wanner, and ,.« ,r««,^ ,, k„^ ,h, OpmLsZd
*hr* that muher /, „„ the P'eofle of cLa, J.
M.eve there t. <myfecul,„ r.rtL in. his I'rt of
rZ!f U f7,r ""'''fi""' '» give you this V
r*,» bW falfe Scruftes e4n%,aie you forbL,
marwg of Omhs becMfe Fo Md the other Idols
ft you hutld other, for yoHr Codr We do mt blame
JWttr Mdherhg to your Religion •, but we juflty htdmi
your Pofaivenefs in Thw^s you do not underftatid.
Having fpoken tht, 5 Words, the Priilce with-
drew, logo give the Emperor an Account of all
that had hapned. At the fame Tirac he ordcf'd
all the MifTioners of the three Churches of Peking
to be fent for. I then did and fhall nererccalc
to admire, that the Anger of that Heathea
Prince mould never provoke him to utter one
Word againft the Chrifiian Religion, tho' wc
had ao other Reafon to urge, but the Fear of
tranfgrefling it ; which is an evident Proof of
thcEfbfemhehasforit.
It being then very late, wc were fent back to
our Loddng, and only E Souvet was ordered to
ftay. Thus be remained in the Nature of a Pri-
fone?, and was all that Night, which prov'dEx-
traordtoary €old in a Cartage of Mats, whether
he was permitted to wnudraw.
The next Morning fome Perfons came to tell
me, thM F. B<ntv€t was Condemn'd to the Pun-*
tfhment of the Slaves. I anfwerw'd them, that
Father #oold be happy if he dy'd fbr having
fefiis'd to wrong his Confcience; but that, rf
he Were funilhed, three being equally euiltv.it
was juri they fbould ali fuffer. ^ '* ^'
Atthcfamc Time I fa V the Prince's Eunuch,
who came from him to ask us, whether Solomon j
Scepter, which was engrav'd on his Watch Cafe,
was u the fame Thing as his? ro»r Kings^ faid
ht^have Piens, you are not fcandalizjd at it, and
yk the Prince's frights yon \ whence froceeds that
Difference "t I told him what the Scepter o\ our
Kings meant, and the Story of the Judgment
given by Solomon^ which was engrav'd on the
Watch Cafe. At length the Miffioners of the
three Chutches came about eight a dock, ha-
- Ting
r
( 208 )
Ting been already acquainted with the whole
Affair by F. Gerbillon,
The Mandarine call'd Tchao^ who has been fo
inftrumental in obtaining the Edid, which allows
the Exercife of the. Chriftian Religion through-
out the Empire, brought us all together into a
Place remote from the Prince's Apartment.
There, in the Prefence of the firft Eunuch and
of feveral other Perfons, he fpoke to us to thi«
Effcft. Toft have drawn upon your [elves the Anger
of the beji of Princes j he has ordered me, to frofe^
cute F, Bouvet with the utmoB Severity, far m lefs
than High Treafon. Jf you dp not make him fomc
Satisfa^ion, I will go my [elf to impeach thi Offen-
der in the Criminal Court j that he may be ther4 try'd
and pnnilh'd with the ytmofl Rigor of- ^^9 Lftws,
Ton are Strangers and have no other- Support but
the Coodnefs of the Emperor^ who prou^s yp^^ who
t oiler atcs your Religion^ hecau[e it is good and, en»
joyns nothing but what is reafonable. What^, Honours
^nd Benefits has he not beftow'd on yon bo{h\^t' Court
Chrifik-and in the Provinces I isTotwithJlanding ajl this I{.
^"y ??" ^^"^^' ^^ ^^^» fi in[olent as to cantritdi^. the fie»
ZeEml^^^*^^^ ^^'"^^-^ "^^^ notwithfianding the J[[iirances
andtbe^"^ ^"M*»ation he was ple^ftid to give him, he, has
-.- maintained his own Opimon again/l the Primers, as
i[ he ka4 quejiion'd his Pprigktne[s and Sincerity, I
leave you to judge of his Offence and the Punifhrnent
he deferves. What do yon Think of it ? Do yoH aw
fwer F, Gjrimaldi, whp ,firs jjpe Superiour , of them
That Father, who had expeded no lefs a Re-
primand and who after examining the whole
Affair, had difapprp.v'd of F. J5tf«wrV pofitivc
pppofition, anfwerM, that the faid Father had
been extremely in the Wrong in not fubmitting
to the Prince's Declaration and Authority and
thathe was thereby become unworthy ever more
" ' '^ to
tor
Trince,
( 269 )
to appear in the Prefence of his Majefly and ot
his Highnefs.
The Mandarim^ without anfwering F. Gr/-
mMi, dirc^ed his Difcourfe to F. Bouvet and
told him, that the Hereditary Prince fwore oa
the Faith of a Prince, that the Inftrunfent the
Controverfy had been about, was not the Scep-
ter of Fo, nor of the Genij \ that, if he knew
the contrary, he fnould make a Crofs on the
Ground and fwear by it. K Bonvet anfwer'd^
That he fubmitted his Judgment to the Prince's*
If yoli own your Faulty reply'd the Mandarine,
hit the Ground with your Forehead as a. CriminaL
The Father immediately obey'd, and the
Mandarine went to make his Report to the Em-
peror.
We blelTed God for the publick Teftimony
that M ndarine had there given in the Name of
the Emperor and of the Prince his Son, in Be-
halr of our Holy Religion, for we very well
knew he did not fpeak one Word of himfelf,
and that Teflimony we would willingly have
purchas'd at the Price of ourBlood. That Courtier
whom only worldly Confiderations detain in his
Infidelity, made the moft of that Teftimonyj
which he knew we were moft fcnfible of. He
was not fatisfy'd with uttering of it once, but
repeated it, with a loud Voice, and pronounc'd
it with fuch a Tone and fuch an Air as gave ic
all the Authority we could defire.
Some Time after, that Teflimony of the
Prince, ^q advantageous to our Religion, was
confirm'd to us by another Officer, who came
from him to deliver to us thofe comfortable
Words. Is it fojfible I fhould have been fuffe^ed
^f ^*fis.^i^g fo impofe on you^ obliginq yon to break
your Lawy -which I look upon as gooa^ Affnre your
[elves that any fuch Bepgn ii vnworthy of fuch 4
e Frimw
I W> '
t I
( 210 )
Frince as 1 am^ and that you would find very few
ferfans throughout the whole Empire^ who would he
guilty of it, jor none can do it but a bafe Man. If
X am fo much ojfended, it is not for the Sake of the
Scepter now in Debate, for I do not trouble my felf
about it^ hut it is for the Affront put upon we, -nd
which J refent the more, becaufe it u offered by Per-
fons I had honour d witls my Ejleem,
vfeofthe Notwithftanding fo many Declarations made
Sitpier, by the Prince, which were fufEcient to have re-
mov'd all our Doubts, we again examin'd with
the greateft Attention all the ufes that Scepter
might be put to, but could not tind the leaft
Shaddcw of Superftition. It is an Inftrument '
the Prince and the Emperor both make ufe of
to make their Arm pliable as is theCuftom of
the Tartars,
!n the mean Time it was reported abroad
that F. Bouvet would loofe his Head. The Fa-
thers Grimaldi, Thoma^^ Gerbillon and Tereyra,
after conferring together and withfome Manda- j
rines^ who were their Friends, went to wait
upon the Emperor to fignify to him their great
Concern for F. Bouvcth want of Complayfance
towards the Prince.
IheEm- His Majefty anfwcr'd, he was glad they
C7of^; °^"'^ ^^'^^^ ^^"^^ ^ ^^^^^ having made ufe of
Jefuits. '^^ Millioners for the Space of Forty Years,
he had never cntertain'd a Thought of
commanding them to do any thing contrary I
to their Law, which he thought to be good; I
that whenfoever he had requir'd, any Piece of I
Service of them, he had firft inquired, whether I
it would not be difagrecable to them to per- I
form what he deiir'd, and had even proceeded to I
a Nicety in that Particular. There is a Womtm in I
my PaUcifi faid his Majelly, who plays very finely 9H I
the Harp^ I would have mad^ F. pQreyra, who is a I
£g$dl
( 2H )
^^ood MuftcUn. Judge of her Skill-, bvt refleEiirt^
on the Cauuoujuefs of the Mijfior^ers, I feared the
Father mght be tempted to refitfe me. It came
mo my Thought, that drawwg a Curtain between
them, the Father might not perhaps make that
DtfficHlty^ and yet I apprehended leafi that Ex^
pedient might be difagreeable to him. Some of
.y P";;f''''i ^'■'/''''^ ^' ^''f' '^^^ ^oman in
Mans Cloaths, promipng an inviolable Secrecy i yet
after fome Refteaion, J thonght it anbecomin/ to
tmpofe vpon .^ Man, who confided in me, and thus
I deprived rny felf of the Sat is fa^ ion I had proposed,
rat,:er than lay any Uardjhip upon the Mijfmer 4s fd
the Duties of his Profefion.
His Majefly added, that the Great Lama.
tor whom he had fo high a Value, having in-
treated him to caufe Mr. Gherardini to draw'
ms Piaure, he had refus'd him as feari g that
the Painter being a Chrifiian might make a
Difficulty to draw the Pifture of a Prieft of the
Idols. He added, there were among us Ibme
jealous and incredulous Perfons, who fufpeded
every Thing, becaufe they were not fufficiently
acquainted with China^ and who found out Re-
ligious Scruples, where there was not the leaft
Appearance of any fuch Thing. In fine, he
concluded, that fince F. Bouvet own'd his Fault,
his Punifhment fhould be, that he Ihould ferve
no longer as Interpreter to the Prince his Son 5
but that he might remain undillurb'd in our
Houfe.
The Fathers knelt and bow'd Kine Times
down to the Ground, according to Cuftom, to
return Thanks. Then they perform'd the fame
Ceremony before the Hereditary Prince's Door.
Thus ended that Affair, after it had given us
the greateft Uneafinefs imaginable for the,
.^£ C
i^ays«
P %
; Spac€f
X^otwith<
Ill
tor's Cha
rity
( 212 )
Kotwithftanding this Ihort Allarm, our MiflTi*
on is, God be prais'd, in fuch a Pofture as to
put us in Hopes of a mighty future Progrefsia
the Converfion of the Chhefes. Of the Thirty
Jcfuits you left here, there are Twelve who
have no need of a Mailer for the CharaSers, and
they read the Chine fe Language with extraor-
dinary Eafe. The Lord Bilhop of Afcahn^ Vi-
car Apoftolick of Kiamfy is fo much amaz'd at
the Progrefs the Fathers of his Province make
in Letters, that he has writ to feveral Perfons
highly commending them
TheEmpe- xhe Emperor has done us a Favour this
'"'' "^'"' Year, which has much honour'd our Religion.
A Flood having occalion'd a general Famine,
throughout the Province of Chamtonng^ his Ma-
jefty ha^ tax'd all his Courtiers and lent great
Supplies thither, to be diftributed by Rich Man'
darines appointed for that particular Employ-
ment. However a great Number of thofe di-
ftreiTed People are come to the Capital City of the
Empire to feek for a Subfiftance.
His Majefty miftrufting his Mandarines fent
for Four of our Fathers and told them, that
being come into China on a Charitable Account,
we were oblig'd in ' more peculiar Manner to
take Care of Relieving the Poor, according to
the Spirit of our Religion, which makes that
a capital Point ^ that he had order'd us Two
Thoufand Taels to buy Rice and to diftribute
it on the large Spot of Land appointed us for
a Place of Burial, and that he hop'd we would
alfo contribute, according to our Ability, to
the Relief of fo many miferable People. Our
Miflioners accepted of that Employment with
Thankfulnefs, and thought they were obligM to
ftreighten themfelves to raife Five Hundred Tads
I »^ d^ r« f 1
1^ A I rvn rt
PVUk ill Xlii
ms
The
)ur MiflTi*
ire as to
rogrefs ia
le Thirty
jlve who
del s, and
extraor-
calon^ Vi-
imaz'd at
nee make
I Perfons
vour this
Religion.
Famine,
, his Ma-
ent great
jch Mart'
Employ-
thofe di-
:ity of the
rines fent
ticm, that
Account,
/lanncr to
ording to
akes that
[ us Two
diftribute
:ed us for
we would
ability, to
pie. Our
lent with
obligM to
ired Taels
( 21 J ) - ■
The Fathers Snarez. and Parenin^ were ap- ^^oviiicH
pointed to diftribute the faid Charity; they ^'"' '^«
caus'd Furnaces and large Kettles or Boilers to ^^°''*
be provided ; then bought up a Qiiantity of
Rice, large decent China Diflies, Roots and
Herbs falted up after the Manner of the Coun-
try, to corred the Infipidncfs and Want of Re-
lifli in the Rice.
Upon the fetting up of a Signal, the Poor
came in without any Diforder, and ftood all
together, the Men on one fide, and the Wo-
men on the other. Then they were made to
file off through a narrow Paflage, and there each
of them had his Portion of Rice and Herbs,
which he carry'd to a Place appointed, where
they all rang'd themfelves, till the Difhes wore
empty, when they were gather'd up and wafh'd,
and then the other Poor were ferv'd in the fame
Order as the firft had been.
The moft confidcrable Chriftians in the City
took their Turns to come and ferve the Poor,
with much Edification-, they gather'd up the
Diflies, they took Care to fee good Order ob-
ferv'd, and comforted all thofe poor People.
The Mandarines and Eunuchs of the Court, who
came out of Curiofity, to fee that Sight were
amaz'd to find all Things fo regularly perform'd
without any Guards, at the great Plenty, and
more particularly at the Neatnefs, which is fo
ftridly obferv'd among the Chinefes. They won-
der'd that feveral Perfons of Diftinction, both
by Birth, and for their Wealth, fliould be fo
familiar with the Poor, even in furniftiing of
them with the little Sticks they make ufe of
to feed themfelves inftead of Forks and Spoons,
and vraiting on them like Guefts that are to
be refpedted. They cry'd out. What an excelled
The I ^'^'i^^^ ^ t^^^y which infpires fo much Charity^ and
P 3
4r
( 214 )
'^t the fame Time fuch extraordinary Modefty !
Even the very Bofmes could not forbear com-
mending us, for there were near an Hundred
of them that daily receiv'd their Alms among
the other Poor. Thus have we fed above a
Thoufand Perfons, every Day, for thefe Four
Months paft.
Tho* this Expence fhould lye much longer
upon us, as it certainly wi'!, we ihall not think
much of it i but (hall rather continually praife God
and beg of Him often to afford us fuch Oppor-
tunities of caufing the Name of our Lord to be
glorify'd both by Chrijliam and hfidels. Do not
tear we (hould diminifh the Number of our
Catechiftsy we will rather deprive our felves of
thegreateft Neccflaries, than retrench that which
fuch Ufe for the Converlion of the Chi^
is 01
pefes. You know. Reverend Father, that is our
pnly Concern, and what makes us fo highly
Senfible of the Zeal of thofe Perfons, who by
their Alms to this growing Church, contribute
fo advantagioufly for their own Souls towards
the Salvation of an infinite Number of others.
j ^m, with much Refped,
Reverend Father,
Tour moB humble and moFl
obedient Servant in our Lord^
Jartoux, Mijfmer of
the Society of Jesus.
Modejly !
\v com-
iundrcd
5 among
above a
efe Four
1 longer
ot think
aife God
Oppor-
rd to be
Do not
of our
Pelves of
at which
the Chi^
at is our
) highly
who by
mtribute
towards
\ others.
Lordy
Jesus.
X
::;:tl
..-a**
iv
IW
Bl
M • .
-■A
Nv.
!,/
( '
■<.\
•^1
M^i
Sf
1^'
.'V
'■\
T-
:a^
4»^.-ay
( 2t5 )
A Letttr from Father Jartoux, Mtfioner
of the Society of Jesus, to R Procurator,
Generd of the Miffions of India and
China,
Tehngy April 12, 171 1,
Rev*, f AT'HER,
THE Map of T^rf^rj/, which we are drawing'
by Order of the Emperor of China, has
procor a OS the Opportunity of feeing the fa-
mous Plant, callM Gin-feng, fo highly valu'd in Gln-feng
awa and as little known in Europe. About ^^'^""*
the latter End of July, in the Year 1709, we
came to a Village, which is but Four ihort
Leagues from the Kingdom of Corea, and inha-
bited by r^r^/-/, who are call'd Calca-fafz.e,
One of thofe Tartars went to the Neighbouriae
Mountains to fetch Four Plants of Gin-fenZ
which I: brought to us entire, in a Basket. I
took one of them at a venture, which I drew
in It's full Dipienfions, as exadly as poffibly I
could. I fend you the Draught of it, which I
will explain at the End of this Letter.
The ableft Chinefe Phylicians have writ whole
Volums of the Vertuesof this Plant \ they make ^^''^''^^^
it an Ingredient in almoftall their Preferiptions
to great Men, for it is too dear for the common
Sort. They pretend it is a fovereign Remedy
agamll all Faintnefs occaiion'd by exceflive La-
bour either of the Body or Mind 9 that it dif-
folves all Fleem. that it curf<; rh^ rnfit-m.-fj-o
ot the Lungs and Pleurifies ^ th. > ftops Vo-
P 4 miting;
^A^^P/a^ttZ^n^.
i
I
:!Sii
ii' I
xniting, and ftrcngthens the Month of the Sto-
mach and caufes an Appetite •, that it difpels
Vapors i that is cures Weaknefs and Shortncfs of
Breath, ftrengthning the Cheft^ that it invi-
gorates the vital Spirits and makes the Blood
Serous i to conclude, that it is good againfl: Vcr-
tigos and Dizzinefs, and tliac it prolongs the
Life of old Men.
It is not to be imagin'd, that che Chine fes
and the Tart^trs (hould put fo great a Value up-
on this Root, unlefs it cci cainly did work f ^od
Effeds. Even thofe who are in perfe6, Health
make ufc of it very often by way ^ ftrength-
ning themfelves. For my Par; am per-
fuaded, that were it put iiito th Hands of
JEurofeansy who underftand the Compofiticn of
Medicines, it would be an excellent Remedy ;
provided they had enough of it to make the
necefliiry Experimen^-s^ to examine the Nature
of it by Chimiftry, and to apply the proper
Quantity, according to the Qaulity of the Di-
ftemper, for which it may be of Ufe.
Sudden "^^'^ *^ "^°^ certain, that it thins the Blood ;
OferAfion. ^^^^ ^^ makes it cirpuljite •, that it warm> it,
that it helps Digeftion, and that it fenfibly
Strengthens. When I had drawn that which I
ihaU hereafier defcribe, i felt my own Pulfe,
to know how it then beat, after which 1 took
the one Half of that Root, raWgs it v^as, with-
out any Manner of Preparation, and about an
Hour after \ felt my Pulfe fuller and brisker,
I had a good Appetite, found my felf more
fprightly, and was much better difpos'd to en-
dure any Toil than I had been before.
Wonderful However 1 did not rely much upon that Try*
Effcils, ^]^ fancying that Alteration might be ocCalion'd
by our refting that Day i but Fbur Days after
Ending my felf fo tifM and fpeat with travel-
""6
^
he Ste-
el ifpels
tnefs of
it invi*
i Blood
nft Ver-
mgs the
Chinefes
alue up-
rk f ^od
Health
trength-
am per-
lands ofr
fiticn of
.emedy ;
idke the
Nature
; proper
the Di-
s Blood ;
arm> it,
fenfibly
which I
1 Pulfe,
h 1 took
as, with-
ibOut ail
brisker,
felf more
'd to en-
;liat Try.
cCalion'd
lys after
1 travel-
1 1 nr»
hiv^ ♦^hat I could fcarce fit my Horfe, a Man^
dannt of our Company who perceiv'd it, gave
me one of thofe Roots, I immediately cook half
of It, and within an Hour after felt no more
Faintnefs. I have fince mjde ufe o' -t fcveral
Times, upon fuch Occfions, and always witii
the fame Succefs. I have alfo obferv'd, that the
Leaf, frefh gathcr'd anc particularly the Fibres,
whidh 1 chew'd, had almofl: the fame Effed^.
We have often made ufe of the Leaves of ViU m-
Gfn-rerfg ivitead of Tea, as he TarUrs do, and^^^^^ «/ *
It agreed with me fo wel that I ever fince ^'^'''
p.eter*d that Leaf before che beft 7ea. The
Colour of it is no lefs agreeable, and when taken
Two or Three Tliies, it has a Tafte and Flavour
which are very plcafant.
As for the Root it mud be boil'd a little ^" ***■*«
longer tl.an Tea, to give Time for ExtraftinE'^"^''"^'
ot the Vertue^ fo the Chinefes do, when they
give It to Sick Perfons, and then they ufe not
above the fitth Part of an Ouiice of the dry
Root. As for thofe who are in Health and ufe
It only by Way of Precaution, or on Account
of fome little Indifpofition, I would not have
them to make an Ounce ferve kfs than Ten
Times taking, nor would 1 advife them to take
It every Day. It is prepar'd aftcT this Manner.
The Root is cut into fmall Slices and put into
fij.^f^jhcn Pot well glaz'd, with about Half a Hen, i^oifd
WtKchefter Pint of Vater, or near a Wine Pint.
Care muft be taken that the Pot be clofe ftopp'd,
and it muft boil over a gentle Fire, and when
the Water is confum'd to the Quantity of a '
large Coffee Di(h, a Uttle Sugar muft be put
into It, and then it is to be drank off immedi-
ately. The fame Quantity of Water is asain
put upon the Root before boil'd, which is boil'd a-
^aina fter the fame Manner, to extract all ihe Re-
mainder
( 2l8 )
^u^r'^^^ fhe Juice and Sprituous Parts of it-'
J ftele Two Dofes are taken, one in the Morning
andtheothcr at Night. ^
l'oJs?'\-A^ IZ'^^^ ^^'^''' ""^^'^ this Root grows,
till fuch Time as the^r may be feen mark'd down
in the Map, a Copy whereof we fliall fend into
Fra;7ce, it may be faid in general, that they are be-
tween the Thirtyninth and the Fortyfeventh De-
grces of North Latitude, and between the Tenth
I" .u Ti"^"!^^^^ ^'g^^^s of Eaft Latitude,
trom the Meridian of Pekwg. There is a lone
v:!!Vu °^ fountains, render'd almoft ImpafTabll
by the thick Woods which cover and encompafs
!uT\,,^V^^ ^'^^^^ ^^ tho^e Hills and in clofe
thick Woods, on the Banks of Torrents, or a-
bout the Rocks, at the l^eec of Trees and in
the midftof all Sorts of Herbs, the Plant C/«.
Je^^ is to be found. There is none of it in
the Plains, in the Valleys, in Marfhy Grounds,
\l ,ffP Hollows, or in very open Places. If
the Wood takes Fire and is burnt down, that
FJant does not appear there again till three or
four Years after the Conflagration, which fhows
Jt is an Enemy to Heat, and accordingly it con-
Tulu-^ ^^^\ *^'°"^ t^^ ^"" 3S "^"ch as poffible.
All this makes me apt to believe that if it be
'".any other Part of the World, it mull be
chiefly in Canada, where the Mountains and
Woods, as thofe who have liv'd there report, do
^j^j^^P^^ much refemblethefe here. •
mt \o\7. The Places where the Gln-feng grcvs are al-
^bcrit. together feparated from the Province oi Quan*
ro»j^, caird Leaoium in our ancient Maps, ty a
Barrier of Palifadoes or Stakes, which inclofes
the whole Province, and about which there are
Guards continually going rounds to prevent the
Chmefes going out to feek fo:- that Roof. Wqiv.
ever, uotwithftanding dl the Care taken^ the
CfOvctoufnefs
V-i'
»artsof i6
e Morning
ot grows,
k'd down
fend into
ley are be-
jventlj De-
the Tenth
Latitude,
is a long
impaflable
encompals
d in clofe
nts, or a-
es and in
'lant Gin*
of it in
C rounds,
'laces. If
3wn, that
1 three or
ich fhows
y it con-
s poflible.
tifit be
mull be
ains and
jport, do
5 are al-
of Quan*
ips, ty a
I inclofes
there are
I vent the
Wnwr-
[en, the
^toufnefs
( 219 )
Covcfoufnefs of Gain puts the Chimfes upon find-
ing means to flip into thofe Deferts, fomctimes
two or three Thoufand of them in Number
i/JI D !i^'^'A°^^°'^'^^^"S ^heir Liberty and
^the Produa of their Labour? in cafe they hap-
Pn? ^j? ^^„^^^f^ either going out of or returning
into the Province.
The Empero; being willing that the Tartars
inould make their Advantage thereof rather,^ ,,-.
Year l^^oo^'^^" ''' J^'^" ^^^^^^' ^^'^^ ^^'i^.
nnA '709, to 10000 Tartars to go themfelves J/Vv.r.
and gather all the Gin-fe.g they could find, upon
Condition that each of them fliould give his Ma-
KJfty two Ounces of the bcft, and the reft fhould
b^foldfor It's weight in Silver. By that means
It was reckned the Emperor would that Year
n^r ""a"?? ^^K" P°""^s «f i^ which would
not colt hjm above one fourth Part of it's Va-
l^e. We hapncd to meet with fome of thofe
^T^""'.^^ 5^^ "^^^ ^^ ^h°^^ dreadful Deferts.
ineir Mandartnts^ who were not far out of our
Wayj came one after another, to offer us Beeves
torour Suflenance, purfuant to the Orders they
had received from the Emperor.
I will give you an Account of the Order kept
Ya t^ Army of Simplers. After having divi- ^*^^^
ded the Ground among themfelves, according to'^ ^''^'''
their Standards, each Troop, being aa Hundred'"''^"*
in Number, ftretches oat in a Line a fingle Rank
as tar as the Boundary mark'd out, keeping a
certain Diftance between every Ten. Then
they look out carefully for the Plant we are
ipeaking of, advancing very flowly always rishc
torwards, and thus within a certain Number
ot Days they fearch all the Space of Ground
allotted them. As foon as the Time is cxpir'd,
ine Manderines who are ported with their Tent*
fa convenient Places for tu Horfes to grazed
fend
ill
!i ..'
(220)
fend their Orders to every Troop, and inquire
whetlicr their Number is compleat. In Cafe any
Man be miffing, as frequently enough happens,
either becaufe he has loft himfelf, or that he
has been devour'd by wild Beafts, they feek for
him during one or two Days, aftet which, they
begin again as before.
mrifhips Thofe poor People fuffer enough, during that
endur'i by Expedition ; they carry neither Beds, nor Tents,
ths Ga. each of them being fufficientW loaded with hi^
tmers. provifion of Millet, toafted n the Oven, on
which he is to feed all theTime he is abroad. Thus
they are oblig'd to take their Night's Reft un-
der fome Tree, covering themfekes with BougBs
or what Bark they find. The Mandarines from
Time to Time fend them fome Pieces of Beef,
or Veniibn, which they devour, after having
juft Ihown it the Fire. Thus thofe Ten
Thoufand Men fpend Six Months of the Year,
and yet notwithftanding thofe Fatigues, they
were Lufty, and feem'd to be good Soldiers,
The Tartars^ who were of our Guard, did not
fare much better, having only the Remains of
a Bullock that was kill'd every Day, of which
Fifty Perfons were to feed before them.
Now to give you fome Idea of that Plant,
^ which the T^rMr J and Chinefes put fo great a
Value upon, I will explain the Figure I fend
you, which I have drawn as exa«fi:ly as poffibly I
could. ' -
tke Jipou ^, reprefcnts the Root in it's natural Size.
When wafh'd it appear'd white and fomewhat
rugged, as generally the Roots of other Plants
are.
Jhcstem. B,C,C\ D, reprefent the Stem, of it's full
Length and Thicknefs^ it is quite fmooth and
pretty^ round ; the Colour of it_is red fomewhat
darklni \ unlefs about the firft Part at B^ where
it
id inquire
Cafe any
happens,
r that he
J feek for
lich, they
ring that
or Tents,
with hi^
Dven, on
>ad. Thus
Reft un-
h Bouglls
ines from
of Beef,
r having
ife Ten
he Year,
les, they
Soldiers*
did not
mains of
>f whicii
■ ■ ■ . *
t Plant,'
great a
I fend
offibly I
i\ Size*
mewhat
r Plants
It's full
•th and
newhat
J where
it
( ^21 )
It is whiter, by Reafon of it's nearnefs to the
Earth.
The Point D, is a Sort of a Knot, form'd by Bnncbeu
the Produaion of Four Branches, which fhoot
from it as from a Center, and then fpread a-
broad at an equal Diftance from each other, with-
out departing from the fame Level. The un-
der Side of the Branch is Green with a Mixture
of White ; the upper Part is much like the
Stem, that is, of a deep Red, inclining to Mur-
ray. The Two Colours join on the Sides falling
off naturally. Each Branch has Five Leaves of
the fame Size and Shape as in the Cut. ' It
is to be obferv'd that thofe Branches feparate
themfelves equally from one another, as they do
from the Horifon, to fill up with their Leaves
a round Space almoft Parallel to the Ground the
Plant grows on.
Tho' 1 have only drawn the one Half of one Leivt
of thofe Leaves exadly at F, all the reft may
be eafily conceiv'd and finiih'd by that Part. I
do not know that 1 have ever feen fuch large
Leaves fo thin and fine. The Fibres are very
well diftinguifh'd j they have underneath fome
little Hairs, fomewhat whitifh. The fmall Film
which is between the Fibres, rifes a little about
the Middle above the Level of the faid Fibres.
The Colour of the Leaf is a dark Green at the
Top, and a whitiih Green underneath, fome-
what brightilh. All the Leaves are indented and
the Points are indifferent fliaro.
From Z>. the Center of the* Branches of this
Plant, there (hot up a fecond Stem, very ftrait
and fmooth, fomewhat whitiih from the Bottom
to the Top, at the End whereof was a Clufter
of Fruit, round and of a beautiful Red. The
Clufter contain'd Twenty Four of thofe Fruits. TbeFmu
1 nav#> Artwrrt i\n\^r T'ltz-w /-vtf ^'U^.*^ :.- ..K-!—
- sin TV 'USWTTU WMljf A VI V Wi liiWiii iij LiiCll ilU-
tural
m III
1%
\,\\-
( 222 )
tural Size, and mark'd them with the Figures^
5>, p. The Red Skin their Fruit is cover'd with
is very thin and fmooth, and the Pulp is white
and foftifli. Thofe Fruits being Double, for
there are fome Single, they had two rough Stones
abou: the Bignefs and Shape of our common
Lentiles, but feparate from each other, tho'
lying on the fame Level. The Edges of thofe
Stones are not iharp, like the Lentiles, but they
are almofl: of an equal Thicknefs in all Parts.
Each Fruit hung by a fmooth Stalk, alike on all
Sides, pretty fleirter and cf the fame Colour,
as that of our Red Cherries. All thofe Stalks
proceeded from the fame Centei and feparatinff
exadlylike the Radij of a Circle, form'd a Round
Head of the Fruits they bore. That Fruit is
not good to eat, the Stone is like other common
Stones of Fruit and contains the Kernel. It al-
ways lies upon the fame Level with the Stalk
that bears the Fruit. For this Reafon the Fruit
is not round, but fomewhat flatted on both
Sides. When Double it has a Sort of Dent in
the Middle, where the Two Parts it is com-
pos'd of join. It has alfo a fmall Beard diame-
trically oppofite to the Stalk it hangs by. When
the Fruit is dry, there remains nothing but the
Skin Ihrivell'd up, which clings about the
Stone, and then it turns to a Dark Red, alraoft
Black.
This Plant falls and fprouts out again every
^u^^i. ^u^ ^?^^ °^ ^^'^ ^S® ^re ^nowfi by .
tfte Mumber of Stems it has put out where-
vc Ja. -^^u^ nf ^^' u^ ?^"^/y^ remains, as may be feen
hikX !? '^' ^^^'' ^I '^'\^'"^" ^^"^^^' ^' ^ ^> By which
''i^ appears, that the Root^. was in it's Seventh
Year, and the Root //. in it's Fifteenth.
Ai
have been told u is white and ve^y final .Others
thJt" .Im'^T' '••" l^'' P'»" has none, ';#
that no xMan has ever feen it. 1 am rather apt
o believe ,t is fo fmall and incon fid era ble that
they do not take Notice of it, and what con
for^the^'c" ;'" *i''i'"°"''' 'hatthorrwhor^k
tor the Gm.fe„e Uing only intent upon the
as of'rUf°"'^''''P'^""'' "'^°" away^thereft!
itJ^or'aJTn/v"'-' "hich befides theCIu- 0.1.^
csL ^ ? °^ ^"■J?" ^''°'^= defcrib'd, have ""-t'-
?Z\?u ^"^ "'°-'^ °f '^°^' PfU'ts, exaaiy lilte
the others, growing out about an Inch, or aa
u\ "'"' / u"^^^' ^'^^^ that Clutter or
H«d 'and then they fay, the Point o the
Compafs thofe Fruits point to is to be nicelv
obferv'd becaufe it feldom fails but that/ome
of the faid Plant is to be found within a f™w
Paces on the way it points or near it. m
Colour of this Fruit when it has any on di!
ftinguilhes this Plant from all othcrsf fo tha
It may be immeciately known; but very often
Irv'^iT f H'"' ''°"'^' ^ho' the aLt b2
in7h, i-; ^1''' 1°".^ ""^^ that 1 have denoted
Fruit fhf?!rh ^^- "'•'-^i"/'" ^' ™hich bore no
iTuit, tho then in it's Fifteenth Year
it hllnJt^""'^ '"^? '"^^^ °^ '°«''°S the Seed, FM.of
t has never been known to grow up, and it<*< Gi„.
M '"'i^ u''^' ^H occafion'd the following Fa.<'="S.
J^M I ^ ^"^ ''^'°"" 't, as foon as put in-
to the Ground, and not being able to diecft
It, only cleanfes it in it's Stomach, and S
dro^nn'r>"P -V^ ^''" ^^ere the Bird has
31 h Tv "" ?""e- ' «™ "ther in-
ciin d to be believe, that the Stone lies very
long
\m
Number of
Branchgs
uncertain.
Height.
Koot,
Nttme.
Crows not
in China.
Curing of
it.
( 2^4 )
long in the Earth, before it takes Root, ^nd
this Notion feems to me to be well Grounded^
becaufe fome of thefe Roots are found, no loa-
fer and not fo thick as a Man's Little Finger,
tho' they have fhot out above Ten Stems fuccel^
fivcly in as many feveral Year?.
Tho' the Plant 1 have defcrib'd had Four
Branches, yet there are fome that have but Two^
and fome have Five and fometimes Seven, and
thofe are the moft beautiful. However every
Branch has always Five Leaves, like that I have
drawn, unlef:; the Number has been diminifh'd
by fome Accident. The Height of the Plants
is proportionable to their Thicknefs and the
Number of their Branches. Thofe which beat
no Fruit, are generally fmall and very low.
The Root which is largeft, moft uniform and
has fe^eft Threads, is always reckoned the beft,
and therefore that which is mark'd with the
Letter H. excels the other. I know not why
the Chinefes have given it the Name of Gin-feng^
which fignifies, Refrefemation of Man ; 1 have not
fcen any that had the leaft Refemblance, and
thofe, who ': Profeflion it is to feek it, haveaf-
fur'd me, that there are none found any more
refembling Man, among the other Plants, which
are fometimes accidently of extraordinary Shapes.
The Tartars, with more Reafon call it Orhota,
that is, The fir (i^ or the chiefeB of Plants,
It is not true that this Plant grows in China^
as F. Martini has writ, upon the Teftimony of
fome Chine fe Books, which have aifirm'd it grew
in the Province of Peking^ on the Mountains of
Tong-pinjoH. It was eafy to be deceived in that
Point, becaufe it arrives there, when brought out
of Tart ary into China.
Thofe w ho go to feek for this Plant, prefervc
only the Root, aad they bury all they can ga-
thej
loot, ^lid
Grounded^
d, no lon-
le Finger,
:ms fuccel^
had Four
but Twoj
leven, and
ver every
:hat 1 have
diminifh'd
:he Plants
) and the
hich beat
low.
iform and
I the beft,
with the
not why
f Gin-feng^
I have not
ance, and
;, haveal^
any more
Its, which
•y Shapes,
it Orhota,
in Chindf
imony of
I it grew
ntains of
d in that
Dught out
prcfervc
f can ga-
^1
ther for the Space of Ten, or .Fifteen Days in
one Place. They talce Care to waft fh^
f R ' n, ''^" ^"^ '^'^''"'^ i^' rubb^g off wkh
mix wfP " f""- a Moment in Water that is aU
moft boiling, and dry it in the Smolce of a fort
of Yellow MiHet, which imparts to itfometbinK
of It's own Colour. The Millet being clol
ftopp'd up in a VclTel with a little witer, is
X; T' ,' ^T^' ^''.' ' '^^ ^°°'' l«d on it-
tie Sticks placed over the Vcflel, dry gently un-
der a Cloth, or fome other Veflefthat covers
them. They may alfo be dry'd in the Sun, or
at the Fire i but tho' they tkn retain their Vir-
tue, they do not contraS that Colour, which
the Chimfij are fond of. When thofe Roots are
dry, they mnft be kept up clofe in a very dry
Place, elfe they would be in Danger of Rottin/
or of being Eaten by Worms. 'totting,
I wifti. Reverend Father, that the Defcrintion
I have given of the G.«.fi„g, which U fo Sl»
valu d in this Empire, may be acceptable to f ou
and thofe you fliall Communicate it to. We are
upon the Point of going into Tar,a,y, to finift ?hl
Map of that Country, for we have yet the Weft
and North-Weft to furvey. I will Vend you as
foon as poffible the Map of the Province of ^^4*
icheh, or ttfafou. I recommend my felf to vour
Prayers, and am with much Refped, '
Revirtiid Father.,
Tour moSl humble and meft
obedient Servant in our Lord,
J A R T o u X
the
a
, Mjfwner of
Society of Te
<*m
( .226 )
Extrafl of a Letter from K Gerbillon, At
Fekhgy 1705.
it
i.
%'t
!|
11
;»:
f''i'
III''
Hi i ''
^ni 1,' \
K|i
III
IH|i
Kl
1
mil
SOME Leagues ^i'tm TeJiin^ towards the Eaft
and Weft are Two Rivers, neither deep nor
wide, and yet they do infinite Mifchief, whea
th^y happen to overflow. Their Soiirces are at
the poot of the Mountains of Tartary^ and they
meet together at a Place call'd Tien-TfrnoHci^
about Fifteen Leagues below the Capital, whence
they run together with many Windings to dif-
charge themfelves in the Eaftern Ocean.
Tine Com- Att thp Country between thofe Two Rivers
trjruin'd, is fl^t, well cultivated, planted with Trees, full
, of large and fmall Game, and fo delightful, that
the Emperors us'd to reitrve it for their own
Diveriioni but the Inundations have fo entirely
deftroy'd it, that notwithftanding the feveral
Dikes; which have been made to reftraia the
Rivei^' Within their Channels, there Is fcarce
any thing to be feen but the ruinous, Remains
of C^ftles, PleafureHoufes, Towns ^n4 Villages
there w.ere formerly in it. v/^, ' :.
Jefuits TJi0 Emperor order'd the Jefuits to go' take
/m lo/wr. an ex^ift Draught of all the Country between
^O'* thofe Two Rivers, by an adlual Survey upon
the Spofj to the End that having it continually
before his Eyes^he might confi'der of' Means for
retrieving of what had been ruin'd, making new
Dikes at the convenient Diftances, and digging in
the proper Places v,ift Trenches to carry off the
Water: The makiagof, this Draught was by
the Emperor committed to the Fathers r;^ow^,
Bo uvet^ Regis and Farennin. His Majefty fur-
^ niih'd. them with all NecefTaries for that Work
and
sillDn, At
J the Eaft
r deep nor
ief, whea
rces are at
and they
>1, whence
gs to dif-
1.
vo Rivers
Frees, full
itful, that
heir own
) entirely
le feveral
[train the
Is fcarce
Remains
4 Villages
> go take
between
ey upon
ntinually
'leans for
king new
ligging in
ry off the
: was by
» Thorn as i
sfty fur-
at Work
( 227 )
ancTorder'd Two Mandarines, One of whom
belong'd to the Palace, and the other is Prefident
ot the Mathematicians, to fee his Commands
Speedily obey d,and to find out good Meafurers
able Dratightfmen, and Tuch Perfons as were
perfeaiy acquainted with the Country. This was
all perform'd in fuch orderly Manner, that the
laid Plan, being perhaps the Greateft that has
been feen in Europe was taken in Seventy Days.
It has been fmce fini/h'd at Leafure and adorn'd
vyith curious Cuts, that nothing may be wan-
ting in It. o /
In the firft Place has been drawn the Csi^i- m cia of
tal of the Empire, with the Walls that cnclofe Peking.
It, not according to the Common Notion of the
People, but agreeably to the moll cxaft Rules
of Geometry.
In the fecond Place there is the Pleafure ^^'pf^ors
Houle of the ancient Emperors. It is of a -P'"/"''*
prodigious Extent, being full Ten French Leagues ^'"•^'*
in Compafs j but very unlike the Royal Palaces
in Ewofe. There is no Marble, no Fountains
nor Stone Walls. It is water'd by four little' '
Rivers ot excellent Water, the Banks whereof
are planted with Trees. There are Three hand-
fome Stru^Hres of a great Extent v there are
alfo feveral Ponds, Pafture Ground for Stags,
wild Goats, and Mules, and other Sorts of
Game, Stalls for Cattle, Kitchin Gardens, Grafs
PJats, Orchards and fome Pieces of Till'd Land.
In a Word, there is every Thing that makes
the Country Life Pleafant. There, formerly the
Emperors calting off the Burden of the pub-
hck Affairs, and laying afide for a while that
Air of Majefty which is fo great a Coiafinement,
us d to partake of the Pleafures of a private
Lire.
and
Q.^
la
i^^
1
Populous
Country.
Msansui^i
( 228 ) .
In ihort, this jJraught contains One Tnoufliid
Seven Hundred Towns, Villages, and Caltles,
without including Abundance of Hamlets and
an infinite Number of Houfes belonging to the
Peafants, fcatter'd about on every Side. By this
Country, which, notwithftanding it's being ex-
pos'd to fo many Inundations, is ftill fo Popu-
lous, we may eafily guefs what a prodigious
Number of People there is in the other Pro-
vinces of China.
The Miffioners employ'd by the Emperor to
forConvtr- make that Draught I have now mention'd, lay'd
ting the hold of the Opportunity, whilft they executed
Peo^k. ]iJ5 Orders, of preaching ^f^Z^i* CHRIST in all
the Towns and Villages they pafs'd through.
Vl^hen they came to any Place where they were
to ftay fome Time, they fent for the Chief of
the Inhabitants, treated them with more Courtefy
than is ufually fhown to that Sort of People in
Chtfja^and then inftrufted them in the Chriftian
Religion. When they had once gain'd him, he
never fail'd to bring the Reft to the Miffioners,
whofpent great Part of the Night in Inftruding
them. When they departed the Villages, they
left behind them feveral Books of Inftrudions
and Prayers, and the Quantity they diftributed
was fo great, that they were fain to fend for
more frons Peking.
We had the Satisfaction to hear ', that the
more elderly and moft notable among them, who
had not been prefent at our Dilcourfes, made
no Difficulty to be Inftrui^ed by their Children
and by their Servants, as to the Principles of
Faith, which we had taught them. Thus the
Four Miffioners difcharg'd the Commiffion the
Emperor had honour'dthcm with; and it may
be faid, they did not go fo much to take a
Draught, as to perform the Duty of a Miffion
in
rnoulhid
i Caftles,
nlets and
ig to the
By this
being ex-
fo Popu-
irodigious
:her Pro-
iperor to
Q'd, lay'd
executed
'ST in all
through,
hey were
Chief of
Courtefy
People in
Chriftian
him, he
liiTioners,
iftruding
ges, they
ilrudions
iftributed
fend for
that the
hem, who
'es, made
Children
iciples of
rhus the
iflion the
d it may
> take a
I MifTion
in
( 229 )
in the Dead of Winter, at his Maiefly's Ex-
pence.
Among thofe New Converts whom we have
lately Baptiz'd, fome have given Tokens of lln-
fular Virtue, and others have been brought over
y extraordinary Means. I will give you one
Initance of the firft Sort.
^ A Barber, who was become a Chriftian^ walk- -^"^^^^ '^f
ing along the Street, according to the Cuftom "* ^''"''"''*
of the Country, with an Inftrument of Knotted
Cords, which hitting againft one another make
a Noife, to give Notice to fuch as delire to be
Trimd, found a Purfc, in which there were
Twenty Pieces of Gold. He look'd about him
to fee, whether any Body claim'd it, and judg-
ing it might belong to a Gentlemen a Horfe-
back, who was a little way before him, he ran
atter, call'd to, and came up with him. Have
you loft nothing. Sir, faid he to him. The Gen-
tleman fearching his Pocket, and mifllng his
Purfe, anfwer'd, in much Diforder, / have loft
Twenty Pieces of Gold in a Purfe. Be not concern' d^
reply d the Barber, here it is and nothing is wan-
nng. The Gentleman took it and being reco-
vered of his Fright, he admirM fo good an Adli-
on in a Man of the meaneft Sort. But who are
you, faid the Gentleman ? What is your Name f
Whence came you? It matters not much, faid the
Barber, for you to know, who I am, my Name, or
whence ^ I came. It is enough that I tell you, I am ^
Chriftian and one of thofe who frofefs the Holy Law,
It forbids not o^ly flealing that which is concealed
w the Houfe ; but even keeping that which is found
accidently, when it is pojftble to find oat the Owner.
The Gentleman was fo highly pleas'd with the
Purity of thofe Morals, that he went diredly
to the Chrifiian Church to be !nn:ru6>ed in the
Mylteries of that Religion. One of the Fathers",
Q.3 who
( 230 )
who arc atCoart, told the Emperor this Story
with all it's Circumftances, laying hold of that
Opportunity to make that Prince fenfiblc of
the Holinefs of the ChriftUn Law.
T^f re/l of this ExtraB being only the Conver'
fion of fever al Perfons^ it is thought will not
be acceptable to many.
/
Moxos
tfho they
arg.
An ExtraB of a Spanifh Relation Printed
at Lima in Peru, by Order of the Lord
Bifhop of la Paz, giving an Account of
the Life and Death of' F. Cyprian Baraza,
of the Society of Jesus, Founder of the
Mifpon of the Moxos, a People of Peru.
Note, That what only relates to the faid Jefult
in particular, is here entirely omitted^ and
only fo much taken Notice of as relates to the
Defer iption of that Country ; the Manners and
Cufioms of the People andfuch other Particu-
lars as may be acceptable to all Readers.
BY the Mifiion of the Moxos is meant a Body
made up of feveral diilina: Heatiien Na-
tions of Jmerica^ to whom that general Name
has been given, becaufe that of the Moxos was
the Firft that receiv'd the Light of the Gofpel.
Thofe People inhabit an immenfe Tract of
Ground, which appears when departing from
Santa Cruz, de la Sierra^we keep along a great Chaia
of fteep Mountains that run from North to
South. I his C.nuntru Ic Ip f-k« T" 'J rr -... -«J
' extends
his Story,
d of that
enflble of
he Convert
ht will not
Frinted
the Lord
CCOUflt of
Baraza,
r of the
Peru.
\id Jefuit
^tedy and
ites to the
^mrs and
ParticU'
'ers.
nt a Body
lien Na-
al Name
foxos was
J Gofpel.
rract of
ng from
eatChaia
^orth to
extends
extends for Ten or Fifteen Degrees of South
Latitude. The utmoft Bounds of it are aS yeC
unknown, and all that can hare been hitherto
lard, IS only grounded on Cr^^Q Conjeaares, on
which there is not much relying.
That vaft Extent of Land feems to be a very '^fTi
level Plain, but is almof: continually overflow 'jV'^^'""^''''
ror want of proper Dreins to carry ofT the Wa-
^u^' J^^^ch gathers in an immenfe Quantity by
the frequent Rains, the Torrents falling from
the Mountains and the overflowing of Ri/ers.
For above Four Months in thw , ear thofe Pro-
vinces can have no Communication among them-
felves, for the NecefFty they lye under of ha-
ving Recourfe to the Uplands, to fecure them
ag?mfl the Inundation, is the Reafcn that their
Cottages arc at a great T^f ance from each o-
ther.
Befides this, they are fubjca: to another In-
conveniency which is the exceffive Heat of the Sv.ffo
Chmatc ; not but that it is now and then Ten- HeAu
perate, partly by Reafon of the great K.ains
and the overflowing of the Rivers, and partly "
becaufe of the North-Wind, whici. Reigns there
almoft all the Year. Yet at other Times the
South- Wind :omi*ig from the Moun;.ai{ :^ '^hich
are cover'd with Snow, rages fo fuKOuiiy, and
occafions fuch a fharp Cold, thatthv^fe People,
who are almoft Naked, and befides but ill ted,
are rot able to endure fuch fudden Changes of
the Weather, efpecially when it happens at the
Time of the Inundation, I have before fpoken
of, and are generally follow'd by Famine and
Plague, whereupon there enfues a vaft Mortality
throughout the Country.
The violent Heats of a fcorching Climate to-
gether with the almoft continual Dampnefs
of the Ground, produce an infinite Kuniber
0-4
of
[■I Hi I
'a i
lA
KliU
( 2^2 )
Vermm. of Snakes, Vipers, Pifraires, Gnats and flying
Punaifies or Bugs, befides unfpeakable Quantities
of other Inleds, which give Mankind a conti-
B.d soil fi? cM"^r^ o^^'- '^^^^ ^^"'c Moiftnefs renders
Badscuthc Soil fo Barren, that it will bear neither
Con, nor Vines, nor any of the Sorts of Fruit
r ^^"« n ^y^ improved in Europe. For the
fame Reafon the Sheep cannot fubfift there ^ but
It IS not fo with Bulls and Cows ; for it has been
tound by Experience in Procefs of Time, that
lince the Country has been Stock'd, they lire and
muli.ply there, in the fame Mannc as in P.r«.
Tii5 Moxos live, for the mofl Part, on Fifh
SktpCeU^^ ^^^^ Roots 'the Country produces in great
Plenty. At fome certain Times the Cold is fo
very fharp that it kills fome of the Filhin the
Rivers, m fo much, that the Banks of them are
all *ull of them, and then thefe hMans rud
down thither to make their Provifion, and
whatfoever -an be faid to difluade them from
eating that Filh, which is half Rotten, they
anfwer very fedately, that the Pire will redi-
jy It.
However they are obliged to retire to the
Mountains during one Part of the Year, and
'AZ^^}':]}^''^^ On thofe Moun'taTns
uws, ^5^« 's^n infinite Number of Bears, Leopards,
Tigers, Goats, Wild Swine, and Abundance of
other Creatures altogether unknown in Enrope.
■pi/ri^J^r, alfo fcveral Sorts of Monkeys. The
fmn^. fh f^^'"'^"'^' ^^y'^ «a ^reat Dainty
among the Indians, - *^ , '
Ocorome ic ]^^^V^^'^ ^'" "' °^ ^ Creature call'd Ocorom,
CO ome very finguiar. It is about the Bignefs of a
large Dog ^ the Hair of it Red, the Muzzle
ftarpand theTeeth piercing. If it happens to meet
With an unarm'd mUn, it attackfand throws
llim down wtthfw^r A^X^^ i.r_-
:"? "•*""")• '^wfi^ mm any jtiann, pro-
" ' vided
ind flying
Quantities
I a conti-
fs renders
ir neither
s of Fruit
For the
here^ but
has been
ime, that
r lire and
in Pern,
, on Fifh
1 in great
>old is fo
ifhin th^
them are
dians rua
ilon, and
lem fron^
en, they
nil redi-
e to the
rear, and
lountains
.eopards,
dance of
tl Enrope,
eys. The
It Dainty
I Qcoromt
aefs of a
Muzzle
5 to meet
I throws
riii, pro-
' vided
STC
23? )
?ided the Mim isTo prcfent to himielf as to
aa the dead Man. Then the Ocorame, turns
him about, carefully feels every Part of his Bo-
dy, and concluding him to be Dead as he ap-
pears covers him with Straw, or Leaves, and
flies into the thickeft Part of the Mountains.
The Indian having efcap'd the Danger, rifes im-
mediately and climbs feme Tree, from which
he foon after fees the Ocorome return with a
Tiger, whom he fecms to have invited to par-
take of the Prey j but not finding it, he roars
molt fearfully, looking upon his Companion, as
It were to exprefs his Concern for havine de-
ceiv'd h^m. ^
The Moxos obfervc neither Laws, Govern-
ment nor Oeconomy. There is no Perfon that ^n, m
Commands or that Obeys j if there arifcs any^^Lm
C-ontroverfy among them, every private Man ^mng the
undertakes to right himfelf. The Barrennefs ^o^^s.
ot the Courtry obliging them to fcatter abroad
into feveral Countries, to find fomething there
to fubfilt, their Converfion by that Mea.is be-
comes the more Difficult, and that is one of
the greateft Ooltacles the MilTioners have to
furmount. They build very low Cottages in
the Places they have chofen to retire to, and
?ach Hut is inhabited by a Family. Vhey lye
uponMats laid on theGround,or elfe in Hamocks,
made fait to Stakes, or hanging between Two
Trees, and there they fleep expos'd to all Sorts of
Weather, to be attack'd by Wild Bealts, an J to
be tormented by Gnats. However to obviate thofe
Inconveniences, they commonly light Fires about
peir Hamocks, the Flame warms them, the
Smoke drives away the Gnats, and the Lieht.
keeps offall the Wild Beafts ^ but their Sleep is
very uncafy, becaufe of the Ca.e they are in of
Lighting the Fire again, if it happens ^to go out.
They
( 2J4
irri
•u
toti. They obferve uw .,
Hours are agreeable, „„cn iney imiit ot anv
thmg to.eac. Their Food being grifs and t^
lipid, It IS rare that they are eniltv of an» Pv.
Dm. cefs , but tl,ey malce Amends^M ^thel o'ri^
m/ftrr/r," ?".'•'"* secret of making a
very itrong Sort of Liquor, with fome rotten
Roots, which they fteep in Water. That L^
?re°ravrn". Z^T ''lf'»^^«»k. and then the^
on thi I i?^"'*; P^y '='''««y make ufe of ii
th.;r ^.^*'*'J'''.*'''y °''f^"^e w Honour of
wh ch have f ^ '^^"?'^' "^ '••"^='''' Inftruments
^mw, I * '"°* <l'%«aWe Sound, they af-
the BouTh'^''//''" of Arbour, they' make of
Davaftef . nffoH'?' l}^'^ '''^^ ^^a^^eaU the
D?auebt. nftht''^"'''-'^"."''*''' ^"<1 drink great
mentmn'd Th '"'"""f'^S Liquor 1 haveW
h for ?he mnJ P '"""^'"""n °f thefe FeftivalS
Ld bat^^?h ,^^'" J"8*^**' *''• they feldom
Mad Men h^rn'" ^u**'" °^ ftvewi of thofe
mfonal'crcatts °"" ^'''°"' ""'^"""^ ^"^
pf;f"°-'niIl!Sl''^y are fubjea to almoft continual
Pt,M D'ft^Pers. yet they apply no Sort of Remedy
II! T 7"^'' ^""^ «="«" ignorant of the Ve:-
ftin^/e f°nie Medicinal Herbs, which In-
of ttir KinH "'v ^"P> ^°' '"« Prefervation
rab e i. S' m7" *'''" '' "'«''' ""^e deplo-
Nature nfPnr'^ ^i'= P'^ ^"""'"g '« th^
ufe unon i n"""?' ""'''' ^^ereof they make
Die upon aM Occafions, to be reveng'd of their
wSeS^'the/'"^. "^"u^''^ P°''"°'> 'heir Arrows,
h fo effj f ,;" "1^ ^ars, and that Poifon
Mortal ' "'^ ^""'"*'* Wounds become
c«»jar5« The only Eafe they endeavour to sivethem-
_._.._i., „,.^ ^,„^^. iiijagine iiave receiv'd a pe-
culiar
Meals, aH
;ht ot any
Ks and in*
f any Ex-
?ir Drink,
making a
le rotten
That Li-
then they
ufe of it
:onour of
Iruments,
, they af-
make of
ce all the
ink great
have here
FeflivalS
f feldom
of thofe
rthy any
continual
Remedj:
the Vcr-
hich In-
fer vation
:e deplo-
in the
ley make
of their
Arrows,
t Poifon
s become
ve them-
"tain In-
'd a pe-
culiar
( 2J? )
culiar Power to heal them. Thofe Quacks rc-i
pair to the Patients, fay fome fuperftitious
Prayers over them, promife to faft for their Re-
covery and to fmoke Tobacco a certain Num-
ber of Times in the Day \ or elfe, which is a
mofl fignal Favour, they fuck the Part affeded,
and then withdraw, but all upon Condition they
ihall be bountifully paid for that Sort of Ser-
vice.
Not that the Country is deltitute of proper ^^^'^^wm
Remedies for all Diftempers^ for there is great^I'"""^
Store of them, and extraordinary Efficacious.
The Miflioners, who have apply*d themfelves
to the Knowledge of the Simples which grow
there, have made a Compofition of the Bark of
certain Trees and of fome other Herbs, which
IS an admirable Antidote againft the Bite of any
Snakes. There is almofl every where on the
Mountains Ebony and Guayacum, a' alfo Wild
Cinnamon, and another Sort of Ba ., the Name
whereof is unknown, extrarrdinary good for
the Stomach, and which immediately takes away
all Sorts of Pains.
There alfo grow on the faid Mountains many
other Trees, from which they Diftjj Gums and others m
Balfams proper to difpel Humours and to heat*^"*"**^*^.
and mollify^ not to fpeak of many Simples
known in Europe-^ and of which thofe People
make no Account, as the famous Quinqnina Tree,
affording that we commonly call the Jefuiis Bark,
as alfo another Bark call'd CafcarilU, which has
the Virtue of Curing all Sorts of Fevers. The
MoxGs have all thefe Sorts of Medecines among
thei! without making any ufe of them.
Nothing is a more vilible Token of their Stu-
pidity, than the ridiculous Ornaments, which ^^^"^^'""^
they imagine fet them off, and which at the fame '""*'
i imc only icrve to render them more hideous,
than
ii
'II
(256)
than naturally they are. Some blacken one Part
of their Fape, and daub the other with a Co-
lour fomething inclining to red. Others bore
their Lips and Nofes and fatten to them feveral
Baubles which make them look ridiculous. Some
there are, who think it enough to wear a Plate
of fome Metal on their Breaft ; others tye a-
bout their Wafte feveral Threads hanging full of
Glafs Beads, mix'd with the Teeth and Bits of
the Skins of Beafts they have kill'd a Hunting.
There are alfo fome of them, who tye about them
the Teeth of the Men they have Slaughter'd,
and the more of fuch Tokens of their Inhuma-
nity they wear about them, the more they are
honour'd and refpefted by their Countrymen.
The ieaft djfagreable to behold are thofe who
90ver their Heads, their Arms and their Knees
with Variety of Feathers ot feveral Birds, which
they difpofe in fuch Order, that it looks fome-
Whatpleafingto theEye.
mnu%' '^5.^ jy^^^e Employment of the Moxos is Hunt^
rfc-iWcxw. *"^'^*^"g» or fixing, and trimming their Bows
and Arrows. The Buzinefs of the Women is to
make the Liquor their Husbands Drink and to
look after tl^ Children. They have a barbarous
Cuftom among them of burying little Infants, if
the Mother happens to dye, and if ihe is deli-
ver d of Twins, fhe buries one of them, alledg-
ing as a Reafon for fo doing, that two Children
cannot be well fuckled at once.
All thofe feveral Nations are almofl continu-
ally at War among themfelves. Their manner of
fighting is tumultuary, without obfcrving any
Order for they have no Commander, nor do
they obferve any Difcipline, and generally an
Hour or two's fight concludes a Campaign.
The vanquifh'd are known by their flying. They
inake al| the Prifoners taken in Fight Slaves',
an4
one Part
ith a Co-
:her8 bore
01 feveral
IS. Some
r a Plate
's tye a-
ngtuU of
d Bits of
HuQting.
out them
ughter'd,
Inhuma-
they are
itrymen.
lofe who
ir Knees
s, which
ks fome*
is Hunt-?
nr Bows
nen is to
: and to
irbarous
fants, if
is deli-
, alledg-
-hiidren
:ontinu-
annerof
ng any
nor do
ally an
Tipaign.
They
Slaves,
and
and fell them for
( 237 )
fmall
^^ . ^ . . Matter to thofc
Nations they have Commerce viiith.
The Funerals of the Moxos are perform'd BwUU.
with httle or no Ceremony. The Kindred of
the deceas'd dig a Pit or Grave, and then follow
the Corps, either altogether filent, or elfe only
lighing. When it is laid in the Ground they di-
vide theSubftancc left behind among them, which
always confiftsof things of no Value, and from
that Time forward, they never more think of
the Party deceas'd.
Nor do they ufe any more Ceremony at their ^ • •
Marriages. All coniifts in the mutual Confent ^''"^"'
of the Relations of the Parties contrading, and
It IS an eftablifh'd Cuftom among them that the
Husband follows the Wife, wherefoever (he
thinks fit to live.
Tho' Polygamy is not prohibited, it is rare that P^bfi^i^-
any among them have more than one Wife, their
great Poverty not permitting them to keep ma-
ny ^ but they look upon Incontinency in their
Wives as an heinous Crime, and if any Woman
happens to tranfgrefs in that Point, (he is reputed Muiierj.
among them as infamous and a vile Proftitute, and
v#ry often the Penalty is no lefs than her
Life.
All thofe People live in profound Ignorance of ^*^fgw»-
the true God. Some among them worlhip the
Sun, the Moon, and the Stars \ others a preten-
ded invifible Tiger, and others carry about them
a great number of little Idols of a ridiculous Fi-
gure ; but they have no particular Doftrine to
^x their Belief. They live without Hope of any
fiiture Happinefs, and if they perform any Ad
of Religion, it is not out of any Motive of Love,
but folely proceeds from Fear. They fancy there
IS a Spirit ia every Thing, which is fometimes
oiTended at them and occafions thofe Evih with
which
Minifters,
(Hi.
1^1
!: W
i
1
I
( 238 )
which they are affliaed, and therefore their prin-
cipal Care is to appeafe, or not to offend that
hidden Virtue, which they fay, it is impoffible to
withftand. In other Points, they do not out-
wardly fliow any particular or folemh Worlhip,
and among fo many D'Terent Nations, only one
or two have been yet found, which ufe any Sore
or Sacrifice.
However there are among the Moxos two
Sorts of Minifters, whofe Buzinefs it is to ma-
nage religious Matters. Some of them are real
Inchant-ers, Whofe Fundion altogether confiftsin
reftoring ot the Sick to Health. The others arc
in the Nnture ot Priefts, appointed to appeafe
the Gods. The firft of thefe two Sorts are not
preferr J to that Honourable Employment, till
they have performed a whole Year's rigorous
Cotfjwr/w^Faft, during the whir' they abftain both from
Pfyfitiam. Filh and Flefh. Befidcs they muft have been
hurt by a Tyger and have efcap'd his Talons ;
then they are look'd upon as Men of moil ex-
traordinary Virtue, becaufe by that they judge
that they have been refpeded and favoured by
the invifible Tiger, who has protected thema-
gainft the AlTaults of the vifible Tiger, wi^
which they have beeningag'd.
U^hen they have long exercis'd that Funaion,
they are preferr'd to the fupreme Priefthood i but
in order to render themfelves worthy of it they
muft again Faft a whole Year, with the fame Au-
irerity as before, and their Abftinence muft appear
outwardly by a difmai and meager Countenance.
Then they prcfs a fort of very biting Herbs to
extraft the Juice, which they drop into their
Eyes, and that puts them to terrible Pain and thus
they impart to them the Charader of Priefthood.
They pretend their Sight is by that means ren-
der'd the dearer, and therefore they give thofe
Priefts
Trlefts,
( 2J9 )
Tiharaug'
Priefts the Titl
At certain Times of the Year and more car- Utthlmt
ticularly towards the new Moon, thofe Min^S^
fters of Su,a>,, gather the People on fome Em -
fhf J*„°' '•" ' ?"'' ^' ^ «»»" ^fen« from
the Village. As f«on as Day appears all the Peo-
p e march towards that PlacT in filent man-
ner , but as foon as come to it, they all
Break oat into hideous Cries. This they fty ■
B to molify the Heart of their Deities. All he
Day IS fpent in fading and fuch confbfe Cryes
loiiawiDg Ccremcnies.
The Priefts begin by cutting off their Hair r.
dinary Joy and covering their Bodies with Va-
riety of Red and Yellow Feathers, Then thev
'Zr ?h'?'7'?''^^'° ^' ^^°"Sh^ '"^° which they
If^Vf' ^"^^iF^.^^^g Liquor that has been pro-
vided for the^solemnity. They receive it in the
nature of firft Fruits oiier'd to' their Gods and
after having drank beyond Meafure, they refign
It over to all the People, who after their Exam-
ple drink to Excefs. All the Night is fpent in
Dancing^nd Drinking. One of them fits the
bong and all the Reft drawing up in a Ring, be-
gin to beat a Cadency with their Feet, and to
wave their Heads every Way in a diforderly
manner, making indecent Motions with their
Bodies, and therein confifts all their Dancing,
They are reckon'd the moft devout and religi-
ous, who perform moft of thofe Follies and Ex-
travagances. At length thofe Sorts of Reiov-
cings generally end, as I have obferv'd before, in
many Wounds, or perhaps the' Death of leveral
^ tnc Company.
They
lim'i ^v
I * ■ )
<. 240 )
' Jrmoru* They have fonie Knowledge of the Immotta*
Zr l*^y ^^ thsSoul ; but that glimmerring Light is
ib clouded by the Darknefs they live in, that
they do not fo much as fufpefl: there is any Pu*
nilhmcnt to be apprehended, or Reward to be
expcded in another Life j and confequently they
never concern themfelves about what is to befal
them after Death.
All thefe Nations are diftinguilh'd among
themfelves by the fcveral Languages they fpeak,
and there are Thirty Ninereckned fo much dif-
fering from one another that they have not the
leaft Refemblance. This great Variety of Lan-
guages may well be fuppos'd to have been the
Work of the Devil, who has made it an Obfta-
clc to the Propagation of the Gofpel, that fo
the Converfion of thofe People may be the more
difficult. ^
It was in Hopes of reducing thofe People to
the Knowledge of Jesus Christ, that the firft
Jefuit Miffioners ereded a Church at San^a Cruz,
de la Sierra^ that being near the Lands of thofe
infidels they might improve the firft Opportuni-
ty of entering upon them j but all their Endea-
vours prov'd fruitlefs for near an Hundred
Years, that Honpur being referv'd for F. Cyprian
£araz,aj and thus it was brought to pafs.
Brother Cafti/loj who liv'd at SafiBa Cruz, de U
Sierra joyning with fome Spaniards^ who traded
with thQ Indians, travell'd a great Way into the
Country. His winning Behaviour prevail'd fo
far with the Prime Men of the Nation, that they
promis'd to receive him among them. Over-
joy'd with this Succefs he hafted back to Lima,
to give an Account of the Hopes conceiv'd of
advancing the Gofpel among thofe Barbari-
ans. - o _ .
tp r
Immotta*
g Light is
^e in, that
is any Pu*
/ard to be
ently they
is to befal
'd among
hey fpeak,
much dif-
ire not the
ty of Lan-
B been the
an Obfta-
il, that Co
;the more
Peoplo to
,t the firft
a»^a Cruz,
Is of thofe
)pportuni-
ir Endea-
Hundred
F. Cyprian
's.
?rHZ de U
r ho traded
^ into the
evail'd fo
that they
1. Over-
to Litnat
iceiv'd of
Barbari-
r
( 241 )
K BarMU had long courted his Superiors to
lend him to fomc laborious Miflion, and was the
more earneft upon the Advice received, that the
Fathers, Nichola4 Mafcardi and James Lewis d%
Sanvitores had loft their Lives preaching the Gof-
pel, the one in Chile and the other in the Ma-
rtan Iflands. Hereupon he renew'd his Inftan-
ces and the Miffioa of the Moxos was allotted
mm*
He immediately fet out for SanEia Cruz, de U P- B^ri-
Sterra, with Brother Caftillo, and as foon as ar- " *'"°''^
nved there they both imbark'd on the River '**^°^o^'
Guafay^ in a little Canoe, made by the Gcntils
ot the Country i who ferv'd them for Guides.
i ney fpent Twelve Days on that River with
much Toil and often in Danger of Perilhing, be-
tore they arrived in the Country of the Moxos.
1 ne Father s Modefty and courteous Behaviour*
together with fome fmall Prefents of Filh Hooks,
Needles, Glall, Beads, and other Trifles of 'haC
Nature, by Degrees made them familiar v/ith
mm. ...^
During the firft four Years he refided amorig
thofe People he endur'd very much as well by
the Change of Air, as the frequent Inundations,
with almoft continual Rains, nipping Colds and
the Difficulty ot learning the Language, for be-
fides that he had neither Mafter, nor Interpre-
ter, he had to do with a People fo rude, that
they could not Name to him that which he en-
deavour'd to give them tounderftand by Signs,
Thefe and many other Fatigues weakening him,
he was moft of the Time troubled with a Quar-
tan Ague, which oblig'd him to return to SanEia
Cruz, de la Sierra^ where he loon recover'd his
Health.
Being fenfible he muft firft make thofe Sava*
gesMen, before he could pretend to make them
R Chrlftiam^
( 242 )
Chriftidm, he learnt to weave Cotton Cloth,
that he might afterwards teach fonie of thofe hd-
dians, in Order to Cloath fiich as rcceiv'd
Baptifm, for the Infidels go almoft nakpd. '
He did not long continue at Santa Cmz. de U Si*
trra^ for the Governor ot the Town, believing
it a proper Time to attempt the Cwiverfion or
the Cbiri^uanes, perfuaded the Superiors to fend
Chin'aua ^' ^yf^^^" ^^ them. Thofe Indians live fcattcr'd
ncs 'lndu*'^°"^ ^^^ Country, and divide themfelvcs into
ans. feveral Httle Villages, like the Moxos •, their Cu-
itoms are the fame, bating that they have fom«
Sort of Goveriiraent among them •, which mad«
the Miffioner conclude that being fomewhaC
more Civrli'z'd, thsy would alfo be more trada^
ble. Tfeis Hope made the Trouble of learning
their Language the eafier to him, and accordingly
in a few Months he learnt enough to be under-
ftood and begin his Inftrudions •, but the ill Re-*
ccptioo he found obliged him to forfake fo vici-
ous a Nation. He obtain'd leave of his Superi-
ors to return Ioi\[q Moxos, who, in Comparifon
of the Chiriguanes^ appear'd to him lefs remote
from imbracing Chriflianity,
fion7i"the' ^^^ ihort, he found them more docible than
Moxos. ^ ^!^^y ^^^ ^^^" ^^ fi^^j ^"^ ^y Degrees, grew en-
tirely familiar with them *, for being undcceiv'd
of their Errors, they at length pcrceiv'd the
extreme Blihdnefs they had liv'd in. They ga-
ther'd to the Number of Six Hundred, to live
under the Diedion of the Miflioner, who bad
the Satisfacfion, after having labour'd Eight
Years and Six Months, to fee a zealous Number
ot Chriftians made by his Care. It hapning that
they wcrebaptiz'd on theFeaftof the Vifitation
of the Blefled Virgin, they have ever lince been
call'd, The Mijfion of our Lady of Loretto.
■r
i »
Ml Cloth,
f thofc ^
; rcceiv'd
kQd.
ftz. de U St*
believiog
iverlion of
:s to fend
; fcattcT*d
elves iato
tbeir Cu-
lave fomo
hich mad^
fomewhac
)re trada^
f learning
ccordingly
be under-
:he ill Re-
ke fo vici-
lis Superr-
omparirort
:fs remote
cible than
grew en-
undcceiv'd
ceiv'd the
They ga-
d, to live
, who had
ir'd Eight
IS Number
[)ning that
Vifi ration
iincc been
;to.
r
X 8
C 24? )
F. CyprUn fpent Five Years more \n improving
and incrcafing that new ChriflUn Congregarion,
and itconfifted of above Two Thoufand Convert,
wften a new Supply of MilTnners arriv'd. Thar*
Addition of Evangelical Labourers came oppor
tunely to affifl the good Man towards putting in
Execution the Defign he had before form'df ot
fpreading the Light of the Gofpel throughout all
thofe Idolatrous Countries, and accordingly he
lett to them the Charge of h;. Church, to go p^'l"'""'
feek out other Nations, to whom he might ^'^^''
preachCHKisT. At firft he fctlcd his Abode in
of^u"'!?^.''^^^^ Inhabitants are fcarce capable
or the Notion ot Humanity or Religion. Thev
are fcatter'd aH over the Country and dillributcd'
into an infinite Number ot Cottaecs, vcrv
remote from each other. The little Com-
munication thofe Families living fo difpers'd
have among themfejves, has produc'd almoft
an implacable Hatred to one another ; which
was alfo an almoft invincible Obltacle .tb their
Reunion. - ^nw v , i""
,Jr ^^yP!"!^"^'^ Charity made him furmotot all
tnoje Djfficultics. Having taken up his Lodcinff f^^rno
with one one of thofe Indians, from thenc? he ^'*'"« »*«
went about to all the Neighbouring Cottafi^s ; ^*'^"'''
he by Degrees infinuatcd himfelf into the aIFc- '"'*
etionof thofe People by his Courrefy and flrkt
Behaviour, at the fame Time inftilling into them
the Maxims of Religion, not fo much by Dint of
reafoning, whereof they were incapable, as by
theAirof Goodnefs, which appear'd in his Dif
courfes. He fate down with them on the
Ground, imitated the leaft Motions and moft
ridiculous Geftures they ufe to Exprefs their Af-
tedtions ; he lay among them, exposed to the
weather, without any Defence againft the tor-
^ ^ mcnting
vnni-
( 244 )
menting Gnats. As difagrcable as their Provi-
lions were, he never eat his Meals but with them.
In fliort, he made himfelf barbarous among
thofe Barbaiiins, in Orc!er to reduce them ato
the right Wr^
HisCai vlii h'fning fomething of Phyfickand
Surgery, v j^ -pother Method he made Ufe of
to gain i»u f teem and Affedion of thofc
People. Whi u they were out of Order, he
prcpar'd ^h Medicines, Drefs'd their Wounds,
clean'd thcit Cottages and did it [o affcCtiO'
ty \'ovov. natly that they were charm'd with him. Re-
buiit. fped and Gratitude foon brought them to come
into his Mcafurers, they made no Difficulty of
quitting their old Dwellings to follow him. In
lefs than a Year above Two Thoufand of them
came together and form'd a Sort cf Town,
' which, is call'd by the Name of the Holy Tri*
nity,
F. Cyprian w'loli/ apply'd himfelf to *Inftrud
them in the rauh, and having the Talent 0^
making himfelf intelligible to the dullell Appre-
henfions, his clear way of Expounding to theni
all Points of Religion foon put them into a Con-
# f dition to receive Baptifm. By *^eing Conver-
' - ^' tecj, ihey became another fort of Men, they
•'■learn'd other Cuftoms and Manners and vol-
untarily 'fui)mittcd themfelves to the fevereft
Indians Rules of Chriftianity. Their Devotion was moft
^c^3^^ *° vifible at the Time when the Memory of our
Saviour's Sufferings is Celebrated, when they fhed
Abundance of Tears and perform'd great Aufle-
rities.i they never failM going to Prayers every
Day, and what was moll wonderful, confide-
ring their extraordinary Dulnefs, was, that the
Miffionerby his Patience taught feveral of them
to -ring the Canticle Gloria in Excelfiy the
' ' . Apofllcs
Swg
ill
cir Provi-
vith them,
us among
them nto
hydck and
ie Ufe of
of thofc
!)rdcr, he
r Wounds,
b affedio-
him. Re-
1 to come
fficulty of
t him. In
d of them
^f Town,
Holy Tri*
o *Inftrud
Talent o^
eft Appre-
ig to them
nto a Con-
g Conver-
Men, they
and vol-
e fevereft
was moft
ry of our
they fhed
'at Aufte-
yers every
1, confide-
;, that the
ilof them
:celjisy the
Apofllcs
( 245 )
Apolllcs Creed and all that is fung in the
Church. °
rvF^^t ^^°P^^ ^^'^^Z ^'i«^ brought into the
Church, the Mifliorier thought it his Duty to
fettle fome Form of Government among them, coven,
-ithout^ which there was Caufe to fear, left;nS7I:
^"^^ *nacpendant State they had been hornhUj^'d 1.
and bred in, fliould make them relapfe into ^^''^ '<^«»-
the lame Diforders they had been fubjcd to
before their Converfion. To this EfTea he made
Choict of fuch as were in higheft Reputation a-
mong them, either for Wifdom or Valour, whom
he appointed Captains, Herds of Families, Con-
iujs And Magiftrates, to govern the Reft of the
People. Then did thofe Men, who before would
fubmit to no Superior, voluntarily obey their
new Governors, and without Oppofition en-
dure the fevereft Punilhments inflidcd for Offen-
ces committed.
K Cyprian did not ftop there, but in Regard
that Arts might confiderably contribute towards ^^ti,or
his Defign of civilizing them, he found Means to ^'""^{^
make them learn fuch as were moft necefl:iry.,fc''"^ '
They foon had among them Husband Men,
Carpenters, Weavers and other Workmen
of feveral Sorts, whom it is needlefs to men-
tion. :;
But the Holy Man's chief Care was to provide
for the Suftenance of thofe People, whofe Num-
bers daily increas'd. : He apprehended, with
good Reafon, left the Barennefs of the Coun-
try obliging the Converts from Time to Time
to leave the Town, to go feck fur Food on the
diftant Mountains, they ihould by Degrees for-
get the Notions of Religion he had with fo
much Pain inculcated. Befides, he confider'd,
that the Milfioners, who would afterwards come
R 3 to
■t5^;--.3r*^
'l!ll \*
C 246 )
to take Charge of that great Miflion, might not
have Strength equal to their Zeal, and that niany
of them would link under the Burden of fofliuch
Toil, if they had nothing to feed on but infi-
TheLittiV^^ Iloots. For this Reafon he thought of
frock'd Stocking the Country with Kine, which are the
vith Black Qj^ly Cattle that can live and multiply there.
utt e. ji^^y ^^j.g ^^ ^^ brought from very far^ and
along bad Ways. Thofe Difficulties did jiot
daunt him^ but placing his Confidence in God
lie went away to Sant^ Cruz de la Sierra^ gather'd
about Two Hundred of thofe Beafts, ddtr'd
fonie Indians to help drive them. He idimb'd
the Mour tains and crofs'd the Rivers, ftilt dri-
ving before him that numerous Herd, which w^s
bent upon returning to the Placdirom wihencc it;
came. Moft of the Indians fopn forfook Jiim^ ci-
ther their Strength or their; Refolutioa failing
them ^ but he was not to be daunted, contiau-
ing to drive on his Cattcl, fometimes up to the
Knees in Mire and expos'd to be kill'd by the
Barbarians, or murder'd by wild Beafts. Ar
length, after a toilfome March of iufcy Four
Days he arriv'd at his beloved MifliOn,, with Part
of the Herd he h^d brought from Santa Cruz, de
la Sierra. God gave 2 Bkffing to his Charitable
Defign i for that fmall Herd in a few \earsmul-
tiply'd to fuch a Degree, that there are now
many more of that Sort of Cattle than are
requilite to maintain the Inhabitants Dfthe
Chriflian Towns. r ^ 'I "
After having made Provilion againfl: the Wants
of his Convert', there only reniain'd to build a
Church to Jf.sos Christ, for he was uneafy to
fee the Divine Service periorni'd in a poor Cot-
tage, which had nothing of a Church ibut the
Kame. In Order to put his Projed: in Exccuti-
' ■ '■ ; • ' ■ ; Oil,
j4 Church
built.
might not
that oiany
3f fofliuch
1 but inii-
iiought of
kh are the
ply th^re.
y far^ and
i did »ot
[cc in God
I, gatber'd
ts, ddir'd
le dimb'd
5, ftilt dri-
which w^s
whence i;
»k Jiimv ci-
ion failing
1, contiau-
up to the
ll'd by the
kafts. At
[Ufcy Four
with Part
ta Cruz, de
Charitable
\ ears mul-
e are now
than are
%s of the
the Wants
to build a
uneafy to
poor Cot-
:h ;b«t the
n Executi-
on,
< 247 ^)
on, it was req«ifite he fhould put his Hand to
the Work and teach thofe Iftdiam to creft fuch
a btrudure as he had contrived. He fummon'd
a Number of them, order'd Trees to be cut
down, tatrght others to make Bricks, caus'd o-
thers to make Lime, and after Ibme Months Toil,
had the $atisfa<iHofl of feeing his Work fm-
Hh'd.
Some Years after, the Church being toa little . ,
ito contain the Multitude of the Faithful, he rTr!
built another much larger and handfomer ^ and^'^
what was moft Wonderful, this new Church,
was built,- as well as the firft, without any of
the Toots requ'ifite for fuch Structures, and
without any other Arthireft to give Dire-
cftions but himfelf. The iSentils fiock'd thi-
ther from all Parts, to fee that Wonder ^ they
flood in Admiration, and by the Majefty of the
Church, which amaz'd them, they judg'd- of the
Greatnefs of the God, who was ador'd in it.
F. Cyprian celebrated the Dedication of it with
great Solemnity, and there was a numerous Con-
courfe of Chrifiiam and IdoUter:^ who were
no lefs mcv'd at the Gravity of that Cere-
mony , than tdify'd at the Piety of a con-
fidefable number of Catechumens, whom the
Miffioncr baptiz'd in their Prefeiice.
Thofe two great Towns being form'd, F. Cy^
^/^« bent his Thoughts towards other Nations.
He knew by the Accounts given him, that there
was a numerous Kation to the Eaftward. He fct
out tj difcover them and having trayell'd fix
Days, without meeting any Track of Men, at
length on the Seventh he came to d. People,
call'd the Coferemonians. He us'd the lame Me- ^ ^^.^^^
thods for converting of them, as had prov'd fuc- mj ,-^^,s *
cefsful in forming the Towns among the Moxos\n\in%,
R 4 and
Kfe-j
Cirloni'
ans Ip4i-
ans>
( 248 )
and W4S fo dexterous in gaining them in 9 fliort
Tiniv', that the Miflloners who came afterwards
eafjiy perfuaded them to leave their Dwellings,
to remove Thirty Leagues from thence and
there to build a great Town, which has the
J^ame of St. Xaveriks,
The good Man ftill advancing up the Coun-
try, foon difcover'd another new Nation, fome
Days Journey diftant and call'd the Cirionians.
As foon as ever thefe Barbarians fpy'd him at
a great Diftance, they took up their Bows and
Arrows, and prepar'd to fhoot at him, and the
Converts that attended him ; but the Meeknefs
with which he approach'd, foon difarm'd them.
He continu'd fome Time among them, and by
vifiting their feveral Habitations came to hear
Gadrayans of another Nation, call'd the Gar^yans. They
in.ans. g^e a People, who have made themfclves dread-
ful to 9II other Nations by their natural Fierce-
nefs, and on Account of their barbarous Cuftom
of Eating Man's Flefh. They hunt after Men
as much as others do after Wild Beafts-, take
them alive, if they can, drag them to their Home,
and Slaughter them one after another, as Hun-
ger prefles them. They have no fettled Habi-
Ration i becaufe, as they fay, they are continually
frighted by the difm^l Cries of thofe Souls,
whofc Bodies they have devour'd. Thus ranging
and wandring about through all Countries, tiiey
ipread their Terror every where.
A fir ill Parcel of thofe Barbarians happen'd
to be V a R q)'/?r/Ws Way i the Converts per-
Cf^iving bv t^^eir Language that they were of a
J^ation, which is at Enmity with all others,
we!?* mak'ng ready to kill theip^ giid would
mre dO'ie it, had not the Miflionei prevented
u, byjeprefciiting that, tho' thofe Men deferv'd
|:q fuiitr Death for the Qruelties they contlnn-
i
»-T,,
in 9 fliort
fterwards,
DivellingSy
lence and
[i has the
the Coua-
:ion, fome
Cirionians,
'd him at
Bows and
I, and the
Meeknefs
ii'd them,
n, and by
e to hear
ns. They
«res dread-
al Fierce-
iis Cuftom
after Men
afls', take
eir Home,
, 3S Kun-
led Habi-
ontinually
ofe Souls,
s ranging
trjcs, tiiey
happen'd
'erts per-
vere of a
11 others,
nd would
prevented
i deferv'd
contiP.'i-
afiy
!
( 249 )
ally excrcis'd \ yet Vengeance did not belong
either to the Meeknefs of Chriflianity, nor was
it fuitable to the Defign propos'd of pacifying
and reu. iting all the Nations of Gemils \ that
thofe Excefles of Inhumanity would be correded^
when once they open'd their Eyes to the Light
of the Gofpel, and that it was better to gain
them by Courtefy, than to provoke them by Pu-
Jiilhment. Then turning towards thofe Barba-
rians, he carefs'd them in ?. moft loving
Majiner, and they, in return, tonduSed him to
^he«r Villages, where he was received with lin-
gular Tokens of Affbaion. There he; was in-
form'd of feveral other Neighbouring Nations
and ^mong the reft of the fapacuresznd of the
JBauur,
TLe MifDoner took the Advantage of the fa-
vourable Reception he found among thofe fierce
People, to inftil to them a Horror of their
Jirimes. They feem'd to be mov'd at this Di-
%"fj^s.^nd promis'd whatfoever he demanded ^
hi:^t no fooner was he out of Sight than the]^
forgot all their Promifes, aud returi/d to their
nj^tural Inclinations.
^Another Ti.ne the Father went into their
Conn^i-y, he faw Seven young Indians they bad
ready for the Slaughter, to feed on them. He
r njar'd them with Tears to forbear that Bar-
J)arity, and they gave him their Words fo fo-
Umnl^- , that thei e feem'd to be no Queftio.n of
"^e I'erformance • but he was amaz'd at his re-
iiurn to fee the Ground ftrew'd with the Eones
of four of thofe Wretches they had already de-
voured •
That Speclacle grieving him to the Heart,
he took the other three tha were left and
carry 'd them away to his Church of the Trinity,
where, after having been Inliruded in the Faith,
i.ij'
^ ^
ill
Is
II
I
J '
( 250 )
they were Baptir'd. Some Time after, tbofe
new Converts, went to vifit that cruel Nation,
and being infpir'd by an ardent Zeal for their
Converfion, by Degrees pcrfuaded them to go
fix their Habitation among the Moxos,
Chrifiianity extending it felf more and more,'
by the Difcovery vof feveral Nations, which
imbrac'd the Faith, it was thought fit to fend
for a greater Number of Miffioners. The raft
Diftance of the City of Lima and other 5/»4-
nijh Towns was a great OWtade to that De-
lign. The Milfioners had already confulted to-
gether feveral Times about the Means of ren-
dring more eafy that neceflary Communication
between thofe Countries of iviolaters and the
Towns of Pertt. They almoftdefpair'dofthcSoe-
cefs, when F. Cyprian ofFer'd to attempt an En-
terprize, which feem'd to be imprvifticablc.
He had heard, that for crofling of that vaft
Chain of Mountains, which lies to the Eaftward
of Peru, there was a fmal> Path that made the
Way very much Ihorter, and that a Company
of Sfaniards^ commanded by Don — de Quirega
had began fome Years before to pafs that'Way.
This was enough for him to undertake " the
finding out of that unknown Road, and accord
dingly he fet out with fome Converts upon
that painful Expedition, carry'd fome Provilfi-
ons to fubfift on, in thofe vaft Defarts and the
neceflary Tools to make a Way acrofs the Moun-
tains. ''
';He ran many Dangers and fuifer'd very much
for tb- Space of Three Years, he rang'd about
to nu ^; i-pofe to find out the Way he fought
after, ^^ometimes he went aftray into Places
frequented by none but Wild Beafts, and inac-
ceflible by Reafon of the thick Woods and fteep
p.oqks. Other Times he was on the Tops of
liiC
( 251 )
th? Mountains, almoft perilh'd with Cold, foked
lyich the heavy Rains that fell, icarce able to
ftand o« the flippery Ground, and feeing below
pirn dCfip Abiflcs ot Woods, wber^ the Waters
wer^ h^ard to run like impetuous Torrents.
Several Tiines being quite fpeht with F4tigue,
»n4 Del^tuteof Provilions, he was ia danger of
,KUItt8ungtfr Death.
' .(Tihc Experience of fo many Dangers did not j^,„ ^,^
deter, lum from the laft Efibrt, the following^,,"**/
¥ttaU,ijan4 then it was that God bleffed hhNiounuin^
PcrfevoraWPe with, the Accoraplilhment of hiso/P«u.
©efircS':/ After many frefh Fatigues born with
.€quftl .^Gpurage, when lie thought himfelf quite
gojKaftfuy^ be crofs'd by mere Accident a thick
"W^diaiid arriv'd on the Top of a Mountain,
4irl?«nflc he jdifcover'd the Country of Tern. H«
fellicfartarii to bkfs God for his Goodnefs, and
iminc(iiat^lyi fent the News to the next College.
It. ia^eaify; tto conceive with what Joy it was
receiv'd, for they c. -^Id go in Fifteen Days into
itti^'X^cJuntry of the Moxos by that new 'Way F.
;lt5^/«? h^d difcover'd.
He. might have proceeded to fee his Old
Fdends-irom whom he had been Twenty Four
,Veflrs abfent, but chofe rather to return to his
JVlifBouLi; There infteadi of taking the neceifary
Repo&, he. prepared to 30 find out the Nation
of the Tafacitres, of whkh hft had b6fcn told Tapa-
by the Guarayans. Thofe People had been for- ^"'■*^^""
.mcrliy interipix^d amon^gvj^c ;Ve./w^ and made**'^"^*
butOQie Nation with them; but Difcord arifing
^mottg, them, continual Wars enfud, and the
Tapacures were ablig:^d to part and 'go' Inhabit
aaothcr Country, about Forty Leagues diftaati
towards a long Chain of Mountains; which run-
from the Eaft to the Northward. Their Man-
ners are much the fam^a* thofc of tlie Heathen
' Moxos^
!^r '
m
<p
.^
( 2?2 ■)
/»/«*«, from, whom they are denV'd. bitine
that they have lefs Courage, and th'at thdf
IhT v'?8Jf '' %Ple ^nltheir Bodi^aK
coniiits in the Swiftnefs with which the* cet
out of their Sight. .i;';>-., :;.,m,t IfL^--
^- Cwr«w went to Tifit thofe.-//^Mrf, and
found them fodocible. that after 'omeS»??e,
f*°"i? •'6' appointed them. Hehadalfothe
' Po f '«f°p "• ^'Pf^^^e ^"^ 'h" were "t ^
Amazons, had folAS'n""ff*i:'^'^' *'' '•""'' '^''"» "^
was a N^nin '"?'„','"'?• ^° *'•= Eaftward there
Tdmitt^ ofVl ^"■'''"' u^°™''"i '"at they
fon?of fh/v " ^1?''"S them at certain Sea-
Chidren rh.?^""' *''2' "''>' """tderU the Male
.m ,h? T^ '^ "^''^ ^"i"" •' that they brought
up their Daughters with Angular Care and enur'd
them betimes to the Toils If War. '""*^'*'
l*«t the moll important Dilcovery and which
gave tbe greateft Satisfaaion to f. cJL was
IWM ^i **,^*"«'- That Nation is mortcTvi!
hzd than the M.XOS; their Villages are very
fnd PW'of '^r' "■* l"^™^' S"^ts in .them!
cxerch'd "p^Atms where their Soldiers are
^ r'j W -i^'^ty Town or Village is encom-
a-^-Sinft r^*[,?8 '"''*'■»''"' which^fecareT".
.«( i)i/:/. SawW.luch Weapons as are us'd in that. Coun-
try 5 they iet up a &n of Snares, or Toib on
E^hf fh "'^^'u'*'"'-'' '^^P their Enemies. In
mal of r^n?" • ."'" '^ " ^°tt of ^B«cklen^
made or Canes mterwoyen and cover'd with
Co ton and Feathers of feveral Coto„„, "nd
they are Proof againlt Arrows. The« make
Choice of the Braveft and moft Experience a-
Wong them for their Commanders, and punftu-
aiiv
Fa u res
Indians.
pline.
], biting
hat their
iesaftivc,
:ackthcra
they get
Ms and
^ncrsi he
ch Laiids
I alib the
re at the
^eans he
rd there
liat they
ain Sea-
theMalc
brought
d eiuir'd
d which
ian was
>re civi-
re very
a thera,
iers are
encom*
e it a-
C-CDun-
Pails on
ies. In
i(ctler%
drwith
r$j and
I make
ic'd a-
punftu-
aiijf'
a! y obey them. All their Women arc decently
Clad. They entertain their Gueft courteoufly Klnin^fs
and one of their Ceremonies is to fpread on*''^'^'»'»-
the Ground a large Piece of Cotton Cloth, where.^'''-
on they caufe him to fit, whom they defien to
Honour. Their Soil feems alfo to be better
nf r^"ili ^^T ^J^'"' f ^ ^^^'^ ^'^ abundance
oi fmall Hills, for which Reafon it is likely
that Corn, Wine and Eurofe4n Trees would
grow there, if the Land were never fo little
cultivated.
F. Cyjrian penetrated far into this Countrv,
and vifited many of their Towns, where he ftill
found People very docible in ail Appearance*
and who feem'd to relilh the Law he preach'd
:l w\ u.^ ^."^^^^' ^^5 a great Satisfadion
to him, but his Joy was not lafting. Two of, «
the Converts that were with him in the mzhu""^
heard :k great Noife of Drums, in a Town they
had not yet been at. Being in a Fright at it
they prefs'd the Miffioner to fly with all Speed!
before^ it was too late, becaufe, according to the
Knowledge they had of the Country, and the '
unlettled Genius of that Nation, that Moife of
Drums and that Motion of the JndUm pre&R'd
fome 111 towards them. . i.^,«*-5^
,.^- S'^f'''" ^^e« perceiv'd, that he had put
himfelf into the Hands of a Nation, who were
Lnemies to the Holy Law he preach'd, and
not quellioning but that they had a Defiea a-
gamfb bis Life, he offer'd it up to God for the
balvation of thofe Barbarians. He had not eone
maay Steps, in Compliance with the Apprehcn-
lions of the Converts^ before he met a Com-
pany of thofe ^^//w, arm'd with Axs, Bows n^r-.,
h?m n^;Tl^ '^'^ ^IK '^''^^"^^ ^nd'revirdrK
hira, at a DiHance, and then let fjy maay;Arrowsa./crr ^
at hira, which at firlt^divj no Hurt, by reafon
of
( 2S4 )
of the great Diftance ; but they halted on and
the Father was Wounded in the Arm and
Thigh. The Converts, in a Fright fled out of
the Reach of the Arrows and the Baures being
come up with t(ie Miffioncr, fell upon him in
a furious Manner, and gave him many Strokes,
whilft he call'd upon God, Praying for the
Converfion of thofe Barbarians. At laft one of
them fnatching away the Croft he held m his
Hand, gave him a Stroke on the Head with an
Ax, which put an End to his Life. Thus dy'd
F, CyprioH Barax^a on the i5th of September 1702.
He had himfelf Baptiz'd above Forty Thoofancf
Idolaters, and reduced a brutal People to Civi-
lity and the greateftSenfeof Religion.
The refl of M KeUtion coneermng only the
, Chara^er of the Mijfioner is emitted.
A Letter from Father Gabriel Mareft,
Mffioner of tU Society " Jesus, to R
de Lamberville^ of the j.jne Society, Pro^
curator of the MijJtOHs of Canada.
Rev. Father,
.nV ■J\.
IT is fomcwhat of thfe lateft to enquire of
me for News from Hudfcr^^ Bay. I could
have given you a better Account, when I re-
turn'd into FrAnce^ after being releas'd out of
the PrifoB at Plymouth* All I can do at pfe-
fcnt is to fend you a Ihoirt Journal, which I writ
at
I on and
Lrm and
d out of
res being
him in
Strokes,
for the
it one of
Id \n his
with an
'hus dy'd
hr 1702.
rhouland
to Civi-
only the
titted.
Mareft,
, to R
i»l<
^uire of
I could
;n I re-
out of
at pre-
:h I writ
at
( «^5 )
at that Time, whereof 1 have kept i Copy. R
bcgms with our Departure from Pwrfer and
concludes with the Return of the Two Veflels
which carry'd us to that Bay. Give me leave
firft to give you an Account of what I had
learnt at Qutbec^ either relating to the Jefuits^
who had been there before me, or to the firft
Difcoyery of Htidfin's Bay.
It is not above Two Centuries fincethe Na-
vigators of feveral Nations have attempted to
find out a new Way by the North to ChiM
and Japarj^ without any Succefs, God having
laid there an invincible Obftacle, in the Moun-
tains of Ice that are found in thofe Seas. Upoa
this ^me Defign, in the Year i5ii, the famous
Effgiijhman Hndjon^ penetrated above 500 Leagues Hudfon
Jurther than any other had done, by Means ''(T'^ver*
of the great Bay, which ilill bears his Name 1*' ^-^^ </
and where he winter'd. He would have pro- *" ^'""^'
fecuted his Voyage in the Spring of the follow-
ing Year ^ but Provifions beginning to fall Ihort^
aad his Crew being weakned by Sicknefs, he
was oWig'd to return to England, Two Years
aftcr^ he made another Attempt, and in KJ14
he advanc'd into Eighty Two Degrees of North
Latitude. He was fo often in Danger of pe- •
nfliing there, and had fo much Difficulty to get
off, that neither he nor any other ever durft
venture fo far.
However, the Englifh Merchants, to make
their Advantage of the Voyages and Difcove-
ries of their Country-men have fincc made a
Settlement at Hudfon\ Bay and begun to Trade Enftlifh
for Furs, with many Northern IndUm, who mscttkmm
.the Summer come in their Piraguas down thc**^''**
Rivers, which fall into that Bay. At fiift the
Englifl, ofily built lome Hoafes there, to pafs
the Winter in, and cxpeft the coming of the
Natives.
( ^6 )
Kativcs. They cndur'd very much thcie and
many of them dy'd of the Scurvy ; but the Furs
the Natives bring down to that Bay being very
Rich and the Profit made of them great, the
£fi£lijh were not difcourag'd by the Hardfhips
of the Weather and violent Cold of the Climate.
7*<rFrcnch The French of Canada would alfo fettle there,
' *'* pretending that many of the Neighbouring
Countries being on the fame Continent with
Ntw France^ they had a Right to Trade there as
far as Fifty One Degrees of North Latitude and
even farther if they thought fit.
French CJ? A Mifunderftanding foon enfu'd between the
En^iilh dt xwo Nations, each built Forts to fecure them.
"''• felves from any Infult frr i the other. The
frequent Difeafes and continual Dangers of that
Voyage, ob g'd the French not to undertake it,
without a Chaplain. In that Quality F. Dalmas^
a Native of Tours imbark'd for Hndfon^ Bay.
Being arriv'd there, he offered to ftay in the
Fort, as well to ferve the French^ who were
left there in Garrifon, as to have the Opportu-
nity of Learning the Language of the Natifes,
who bring down their Furs in the Summer,
that he might afterwards go preach the Gof-
pel to them. The Ship which was to have
brought them Provifions the next Year, having
been drove back by the Violence of the con-
trary Winds, moft of thofe who had been left
FimtneA- \^ the Fort perifh'd either for Want or by Sick-
fS "^^^- '^^'^^y "^^^^ reduc'd only to Eight, Five
of whom being detatch'd to go a Hunting on
the Snow in the Woods, left in the Fort F.
DalmM, the Surgeon and a Smith that made all
forts of Tools.
Thofe Five Men returning Four or Five Days
after were much furprix'd not to find the Fa-
ther, nor the Surgeon. They inquired of the
.Smith,
Quel
thcie and
It the Furs
)eing very
great, the
Hardfhips
e Climate,
tie there,
ighbouring
nent with
Ic there as
:itude and
tween the
:ure them*
tier. The
?rs of that
lertake it,
F. Dalmas^
fans Bay.
:ay in the
who were
Opportu-
; Natires,
Summer,
the Gof-
i to have
r, having
the con-
been left
T by Sick-
ght, Five
inting on
; Fort f.
made all
Five Days ,
1 the Fa-
d of the
.Smith,
Smith, what was become of them. The Difor-
der they obferv'd in him, his incoherent An-
Iwers, a»d fome Track of Blood they faw
upon the Snow, made them refolve to fecure
that Wretch and to put him into Irons. Beine
thus feiz'dand urg'd by the Sting of Confciencc.
he contefsd, that having been a long Time at
Varianoe with the Surgeon, he had- murdered
himonc Morning, and then draggM his Body
into the River, into which he had caft it, ha-
ving made a Hole in the Ice ; that then returning
to the Fort, he had there found th Father iS
the GhappeU making ready to fay Mafs. That
vile Man defir'd to fpenk with him, but the
Father put him off, till after Mafs, at which he
ierr'4i. asufual.* ic' i •
^Whrert Mafs was done, he difcover'd to him
all that had happened, conteffing the Defp^jrhe
was'in^and'his Apprehcnfion that the others'
wiien they return'd would put him to Death.
Z uT ^^^':^^^fi y°" ^"£^^ f^ Z*^'** anfwcr^d the
Father,. WUrt? toofexp oj tu^ and theri if ttto mych
Occa/ufft ' fdr your Servijse to take your L'tf\ If
they Jhottld he for fo doings I promife you to oppofe
«rv M MHch M I am^abie; but I conjure yon to
<mn the.^iinoufmjs of your Offence in the Prefenee
of Godi4o beg his Pardon and to do Penance for
it. Do you taketcare to appeafe the Wrath of God^
and i milpiake it my' Bufinifs to appeafe that of
Mem I r-'.' '
TheFather :idded, that if hedefir'd it, he would
go meet th. e who were gone out a Hunting,
that he would endeavour to calm, and to make
them promife, that they would do him no hurt
at their Return. The Smith accepted of his
Offer, feem'd to grow more fedate and the Fa-
ther fet out ; but no fooner was he out of the
Fort, than that Wretch was again troubled ia
S Mindy
^SM
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
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Phote)graphic
Sciences
Corporation
23 WES1 MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
(716) 872-4503
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1
Nil
,1' '3
( *58 )
Mind, grtw into a meJancho!y HumODr^fij.ljd:
fancy 'd that the Father deceiv'd hitrt^ sms^^t
be was gone to meet the others* ojidy t^.m^i
cenfe thena againfthim. Upoi* iihis-Go^c^iti^chc
took his Ax and his Fire Lock to run? after the
Father, and as foon, as ht had ovcrtiikeia^ «pr-
braided him with Treachery and a Dcfign^ to
deceive him, and at the lame Time «;«w-hint*'
a Blow wiPh his Fire Lock. The Mifliofier. tOf
eTcape the Fury of that bafe Man, l^p'd'nipon
a^reat Piece of Ice, which was floating oa the
Water. The Smith leap'd on after him and
cut his Hcdd in Pieces with his Axv;^d ha-
ving caft his Body under jtliat fahie Piece Ol Ice
they hadftood oa, rctaca'd to the Portu wher^f
the other Five arriv'd foon after. iTifeteas Ig^iitt
that Wrefcdt confcfs'dof hitf>owft Accbrdi jYttlJlft
they bad. hinv in Irons. : , '.ci^^^id Ud trrii I,
It had -been refolt'd ;ta fctep 'him i^iithat
Manner, till the Arrival of the nqcir.ijhipia^
aboard wtiich he wa& to have been fiut^^ b«tib€f
fore any Relief could come, the ^£«gi//l^r:a^t8C'k'd
tfhtle ^^^ ^^^^' "^^^^^ ^^° guarded it h^d«lsakea
Care to keep all the Gannon and Fi^iB^^Epck)i
they bad, charg'd, and by that Mcani i^wewe. ia\
a Condition to make a furious BlrevAupoa
the Enemf^ v?hen they would have niadc^thei^
Approaches. That extraordinary Firc^ Vlhick
kiird and wounded feveral of thei^ Mtn, ftad«.
them believe there were flill many Men ia the
l^ort.and dierefore they went bj^v ^^iit iv»ith a
Refolutian ito return very foon with la i^rcatcf
Powef . Accordingly they retum'd oonditwiere
preparing <tb attack the Blace in fonii.( The
five Frinth Men, who defelnded it, bdingiinmo
Conditio^ to withftand them, made theii^^Eicipc
in the Nigftt at an- EiTrt/iaxure of the G&nnon
and got into the Woods, icaving only the Smith
ill
French
Tort,
after the
Dcftgfb CO
iiooer. toi
pM'njpon
i^xm the
Mm amd
;^d'ha-
'.QQjA Ice
li^ wh;cr,fe-
sas ^htt
I; i^j ithgt
:ir;i)|[iiplsi^
\\ hktibcf
ira^tac'k'd
|d s^tsakoA'
ElB^v^lijpcki{
re.Aupoa
idcvthei^
!^ :^hick
:n, ftiadc.
:n ill the
i> iwith a
ndrtvoere
m./ The
ngtiiiino
ii^^Evcipc
: Gannon
be Smith
ill
been; kfl6Wn- but nf^L <;! ^p tnem has not
haw here rkted!'^ ^^"^^ '" Account of all I
The Difafter befal'en F 7)^/,„^ ■mx-'J\ j
^ 5;/w£r from eoine ToL T- i^* ?"' <^"«^'"
/"""'s Bay to ftf^l fh,^^ Time after to iVW-
a Way to KO Dread, ^thP^^fr'^'^ "P"' ''*"""'="
Nofthcrn sfva«r ™h,v ., Gofpel tp the moft
was to devote m* ftlr^ *r 'W' '^'«»«»
the ffi^/^„trepoflefi=a ofin HuMAn^^l *^°4^?
if MM
S 2
We
( 26o ).
We imbark'd on the loth of jiugH^.
and about Mid-night came to an Anchor, in
turuing of Cape Tonrmeme^ which is but
Leagues from Quebec, and cali'd X^^tfrrner^te^bC'
cauK.if there is never fo little WindjtheiW'Ater
is there as Boifterous as in the Sea. \Ve turn'd
that Cape on the Eleventh about Sev^n pi*; Eight
in the Mqrning^ but did not m^ke mtich iWay
the reft of^that Day, nor for Three Hays fallow-
ing, becaufe the Wind was contrary* \r^ii ;>
Belle Ifle. jhc Twenty Firit, .we pafsM hf'Selk^ JJle,
which appears to be round and lyes in Fif^y Two
Degrees of North Latitude and Two lilundred
Twenty Leagues from Quehecy in the. midft; of a
Streight, form'd by thePle of Nemfrun^UttdA^Vii
Moumains the C9ntincnt of Tierra ile, Labrador, Wc tegan
^' ^''' then to fee fome of thofe great Mount^ifls of
Ice, which float in the Sea and difeover'd fl^ut
Twenty of them. At a Diftance they lopkM like
Mountains of Chriftal, and fome of, them; like
Rocks, {uU of fharp jutting out E]oint;§. oi ?
ThffTvv'enty Seventh, the Mornii|g was Very
Calm fJM in the Afternoon the W^ifld^iptt^vM
. contrary, J5)L»w hard and lo continu'd the jTwen-
ty Four^l^ and Twent;y, 3?iifth. The Sqafojiwas
/ar ady^fic^a and we ^f^qre gping into a,Coui:itry
w here ij|c Winter ani;icijpi^te8 AututpQ y opr La-
titude ,w!as then but^FJi^ty. S»k Degrees^ «nd we
bad ftiUajlong ryn thro^glji a dangerous Sea; by
Reafon of the great J&ank"vpf Ice j^fually :met
with there;, amidft vv^ich^r^yve were, ^lipv .P'ake
our Way to the Latitudf'^0;f Sixty n^^ei]^ pe-
grees. " ' „ ■ " ^ "'.. ,, ._, ..
The Twenty Eighth, about Eight in tjip E-
vening came up a Snail Gale, which is ;hqre a
Sort of Trade Wind, or Monfon, wl^ich being
right aftern, -caus'd us to make much Wiy during
two or three Days it lafted. The Thirty Firft,
the
Vfineskv the
bqt^ ^.ight
^'q turn'd
1 pr; Bight
nuch ;Way
iy$ /allow-
^ettii JJle,
Fif^y Two
) lilundred
midfl; of a
We tegan
mnt^i^is of
rer'd fl^ut
lopkM like
them; like
?• 01 ?•
g was very
Ifld^OPtt^Y'd
the vTwen-
SQafoii .was
a> Country
&% and we
>U5 ,3ca; by
dually sHiet
^,,;9,;piake
<^^ei]^ Pe-
ia tjip E-
is thqre a
l^ich being
S/iy during
lirty Firft,
the
( 261 )
tb« Wind Mted a little, but ftill continu'd fa-
vouj^bltf ', bi^t it fetched up a thick Fog, which
hindered our feeing the Land we judg'd our felres
to be near, as we really were. About Noon the
Weatherclear'd up and we eafily perceit'd the
Coaftv-^before which -lyes^ a Number ot Rocks,
calrdi the Sugar Loaves, becaufe they are of that
Shapej^ and they were all cover'd with Snow.
About Evening w« 4ircoVeT'd the Mouth of
^^e^treight, * which looks into Hnd fan's Bay.
Tliat Stf eight, t^hiih is call'd the Channel, or T^^ckin-
fi Nm Stretch, is very difficult to pafs, by Rea- S^ ^, ''!'
fonofithelc^ continually coming from the cold?,!
Countries, which runs, out that Way into the
Gceaa- Th^ Land of the Streight lyes about.
W N W & E S E. At both Ends of the
Streight there are fome Iflands lying to the
Southwat^d. ! Thofe iQands which lye at the
Moutii of thei^ireight on the fide of Europe^-
are^calr^l Bittofth lH^nds, znd in about Sixty „„,,„,
Degrees ant fome odd Minutes of North Lati- ^^T dV
tud2. V Thofe at the other End of the Streight vis'* /.
are call'd I>4w'/'s Iflands and lye in about Sixty- y^^"-^^-
three Degrees. Th€rc are belides feveral in the
Middle ol and along, the Streight, which is an
Hundred Thirty Five Leagues in Length, it : is a-
bout Sevtnror Eight Leagues over in the Nar-
roweft Place, but generally wider. At feveral
Diftances there are large Bays, efpecially beyond
Button'^ iflands. One of them is more confidera-
ble than the refl:, through which fome pre-
tend there is a Way to the Bottom of Hudfins
Bay ^ but that is very uncertain.
Ships are fomeTifnes a long while in paffing
through the Streight j. but we by good Fortune
pafs'd it in four Days. Wc enter'd by four in the
Morning on the firft of September^ and were out
again the fifth in the Morning, with a Wind
S 3 which
m\
( 262 y
which was not vpry favourable and Utw ffiw^ft
harder the Sixth- the Seventh, the weather
grew Calmer, and gave fcveral the Qpportumcy
of performing their pevotion?* 'ii-j-'^d
The Calm continued the Eighth, Niathv anct
Tenth, which gave all the Crew mucbftfteafineft.
The next Night the Wind favour 'due. .Qn, the
Twelfth we difcover'd the Northern land^ bvit
below the Place we Defign'd for. The Wifld
proving again contrary, w.e made feveral Trips
for fome Days to no Purpose and were at laft o-
blig'd to come to an Anchor. We now began to
fuffer very much, the Goid increas'd and^.w0
wanted Water. The Night betWefen thcTwien-
ty Firft and the Twenty $ec6nd it pliis'dr Qod
to giv€f us a fair Wind. i^ w ^ a/
jicubon. The, Twenty Fourth ab^ut Six ia th© BVen^
mg we entcr'd -Bowte. River. All. the ^mn
-were extremely rejoye'd. This wasiod a ffrid^
when we fung fome Hynins in TJiankfgiving,
The River to which the 'JFrenck haMte given ■ th^
Name of Bourbon, is by the EffgHlh callfd Parttef'
/<»/?, a^nd thence mailyfrtfjrirJb call the. Qoilritry a*
bout it, the Lands of Pormtm. ThafrrJUver is
great, wide and riins far op into the feo^fitry;
but having many Falls, ifisnot lo commodious
for the Trade of the Nitires, and therefore
t\[t Efjglijh 6}' not build their ^«)rt on it's
Bank. ^ . „ . ,
on the S. E. of Bowbvn ,River and into the
iame Bay falls another griat Rivety which the
French^ who were the firfb Difcoviercrs of it,
calld 5/. 7«rf/^, , becaufe the Difeoverer's
Wife bore theMamebf tharSaint* r/r, ;::f
Thofe two Rivers arc parted from cfrch Whet
by a vcry^ low Slip of Laad^ which occifions
many Shoals in them both. Theif Months are
mabout.Fifty Seven Degrees ^om^ odd Minutes
' ■ •■■ - .- of
?t Tere
fa ^ver^
: weather
(portttiHCy
Horth,; anct
Land^ bvit
^he WifJd
iral Trips
at la ft o-
f began to
1 an^ w0
thcTWiC^flr
th^Elren-
tlie Cr§?!C
da ffridt^
nkfgiving,
giv©a ■ the
Joilritry at
0j JUyer is
CoWtty;
immodious
therefore
t .on it's
1*^*1010 the
ivbkh the
rcrs of it,
ifeoverer's
jfich otheir
Qidcifions
ropths are
d.Miiiutes
of
^J^V^fe^^ they both run upon the
Die teiigth^ their Channels are not gbove a
Jj^^^'Vfl IT from each other.^ The ShoaU
thofh fv<rd Rivers are tull of, make them very
aang^rous fpr great Ships. There being fewer
gl tWe'^^/^r^>» River it was refolv'd, that the />«;/*•
?^^^^-^ that Rivei- and the S^^ma^der
pJMi^A^'^''^ ^^^ *^'"^ whereof the
f%mhm built their Fort, ^ndqii the Slip o£
LaAjf i^irhich parts the two Rivers. '" r^ ^ **
AA^arriv^l, ^ has .been laid, the Twenty
F6wrt]^^or_Pecemher, about Six in the Evening
'lU.w'y ' 1^ 5*^'^''; '^^^^ ^^^y N^'s'^t fomc of o«?
Me^^efe fet afliore, la order to endeavour to
^mitefomc of the ^«r^/,;/&. They had much
W^-^j^ set to Land, by reafpn of the
?\o.3f>aQcJwereforc'd to leap into the Water,
^hi0i. was a great Hardfhip tne Banks of the
Oliver being already frozen. An Iroquois Indi^
Tl )!JH°1 y^^^ been^elTr'd to baptize, when I
lejt^wi?^^^,:, vvas.on^qf thofc fent afliore. Con-
sidering the Panders he was going to be expos'd
to, I thought It not fit to defer his Baptifm any
I "¥!^jJr^"8 put it of till then, that he might
be tlie better jnftruaed. One of our C^nUiAns,
who fpe^ks the W/oi/e Language perfedly well,
was very fervlceable to me in inftruding of him.
The People we fent afhore could not take any
Enillfi Mah,,becaufe we had been difcoverM the
Moment we arriv'd, and they immediately re-
tirdinto their Fort-,, but on the Twenty Fifth
they brought us two of the Natives, whpm they
hadt^keh near the faid Fort.
Mnfeur d" Ikervilleyv'^sgon that Day to found
ge River, in Order to find fome convenient
Place, where our Ship might lye under Shelter
flurmg the whole Winter, and had found one
S 4 very
( 246 )
Yery convenient. After having vlfitcd tjioft he
had appointd to Land and given them his Orders,
he dircSttd Mofj/teur d' Serif im to carry t,\\b^Poli
to the Place appointed, and on the Twenty Se-
venth went himfelf to the SMmandek' Whi*
ther Ifollow'd him. j .
That fame Day in the Evening we afriV*d at
the Mouth of the River of St, Terejay MnfuHr
d Iberville fet out about Midnight to go Jfpund
that fecond River. The Twenty Eighf wei%nt
a League and a half up the River by the jkAp of
the Tide. The reft of the Day was' ■(Jent in
foundmg all about. The Twenty Ninth we ad-
vanc'd again about a fliort League arid Monfiew
d JberviUe went alhore, to mark out his (pamp
and the Place where he would have th^' Ship
come up. He found one to his Mind, half a
League above the Fort. A great Pgint bf high
Land jutting out into the River, there fbrras a
Sort of Creek, where the Ship could lie fully
Ihelter'd from the grating of the Ice, wluch h
much to be apprehended in the Spring. Our
Men that had been fet a/hore were brder'd to
incamp in that Place. There were hot above
Twenty of them, but the Natives had told the
Englifi, that they were Forty, or Fifty, which
kept them from going out ot tlie Fort.
The Thirtieth, we could not poflibly: id Vance :
On the firft of O^o^^r we continu'd ib the fame
Condition, the Wind being ftill contrary, our
^?.^^^^.Sfound at low Water and thefe bein^
JO PofTibiiity of tacking. In the mead Time the
Wind, the Cold and the Ice increased every Day.
We were within a League of the Place where
we were- to Land and in Danger of not bcii '
able to reach it. Our Crew grew very uneafy°
ladvisd them to have Recourfc to God, who
Ua not forfaken us, during our Voyage and
( 265 )
tl¥M.«[J|-Pay.tbc Win* came about fair
tor M^»i , I ■ .. ' . .;■ ■ .
Jkb^xxi Six in the Eyeaing we wcigh'd Anchor
the Moon Ihining very bright and with' t|ie Help
<A ^hc Tide our Boat with S:xt«ea Oars towed
^2^- SWP - and brought her within Musket Shot
ot the Place we would be in; but which we
could not reacli, becaufe.the Tide faii'd us. At
ourpaffing by the Fort, they fir'd their Cannoii
thtae, or four Times, but their Balls did not
r,cdch,us> Our Gf»^^»4»i/eturn'd no other An-
fwer. than mt\\ Si^Jfu^Kfues^ fo they call the
ShQute of rejoycing t^iey qfe in Wa;*, which we
Cal[//i/;u:^. '.^ .■ ;rr /
.:J]»e Second, our Ship had like to hare pe-
rimd. As we were making ready, in Hopes
to be very foon in the Port, which we fould al-
moft reach, a great Cloud of Snow took away
^'??.,"-i**^ Sight pf, the Land and a ftrqng Guft
of Wind at N W qaft' us on a Shoal,, wjiere we
ftuckat high Water. There wehad a difmal
Night, About Ten the faid Night, the'lce car-
ry'd by, the Stream and pufh'd on by tl^e Wind
began to beat againft our Ship, with Vfuch a
dreadful Force and Noife, that it might have
been heard a Lcl^uc off, which Battery lalted^
four or < five Hours. The Ice beat the Ship fb
violently, that it cut: the Planks, ahdinfeveral
Places they were rubb'd off four Inches deep.
MonfifHr d\ IhervilU caus'd Twelve Pieces of Can-
non and feveral other Things, which could not
belolt,: or rpoirdin the Water, to be thrown
overboard, to lighten the Ship j and afterwards
had thofe Pieces qf Cannon cover'd with Sand,
forFear they Ihpiild be carry'd away in'the
Spring by the Force of the Ice. . ":.-' ,4
The Third, the Wind fomewhat abating,
Monfmr d' Iberville coricloded to unlade his Ship,
; \ which
C 265 >
which was /till in IWiiger 6f perifhrire.' Wt
could not make ufe of the long Boat rot* \hat
Scryice, there being n6 PoiTibiHty of calrying
it a croft thff Ice, whkh ftill came on in" A-cHt
Quantity; .'bat we m*d the Ganoe^' hiiffi 6f
Bark, wMeh w'e had brought from ^^hc^^ijd
which our i^artadUns conTey*d athwart the Ice,
with . wonderful Dexterity . . . ^ i ;. r .»
I had bfeen out ^f OWerfomc Days iilfif^ Bid
a Fever. Monfieurd' /i&em'/Ar prefs'd' me t(^^ go
aftorei but I conid nSt* think of quitting ific
Ship, whiift it wa^ in fbch Danger, and feeing
all the Cre^ iii fuch' Ji donfternatibn. fias
foon after obli^'d to c^onf^nt on Account of tiid
W. d'l.fad News brought bs, Mi Monfienr de adfiian-
Brmber' ^""'^^ 3 Yourfg Officer, dbout Nineteen 'Yeafs of
m% ^S^ and Brother lo M^nfiifir d" JbeMte.Ud.
gone to make a Ihot toward? the Eniiifh Fort,
to amufe thdm, that they niight not tak^ 'No-
tice of the ill Conditio^ viTc were in, aid ap-
proaching too near to l^ W^^'fhot quitt through
the Body. He defir'd I would come tp hdar his
Confefllon, and I wVrtt' ittimediatelvi ^e
thought at firftthat Wouncf had not b^'^n mor-
tal; but wore foon undeeeiv*d, for he dy*d the
next Day^, ■' '. ■'';■. -'i^'^' "'--
Butambnient befori?,'we had he^PdW!tte
Toll and were inforro'd that Ship was itf nb left
danger than ours. The Wind, the Ic^j and the
Shoals had aHconfpir'd againit it. Onte it ran
a^roui}d,agreatPiQceof the Keel had been ^ar-
Dange-^y^ away, fo that four Pumps would nbtdif-
rous Po- Charge th6 Water it made. Several Barrels of
^«reo/»*e Powder had taken wet ii^ unloading of theVef-
^^'f^' fel. It was not yet come to the Pkce Whete it
Ihould have wintered and there wa^ d^pgcr
^hat it could not be qittfd up thither.
^'hv-
li
All
tot '^hjit
I in grcu
the Ice,
Uwm
tic tb^ go
ting tfrc
id feeing
.' i Aias
ft of ihd
Yeits of
M, had
[/fc Fort,
akie No-
and ap-
thrtiugh
h^ar his
;^n mor^
difd the
ni left
and the
c it r^n
ieen hr-
ndt dif-
rrels of
hV:Ver-
rlrete'it
44pgcr
u;';;
.\u..\
All
^ AH :th^ melaacboliy Accounudid^.n^ make
445»f^tr«r d'Jkervf/it difmay. ! He w»8»vcry djuth
cpoccrnfd at this Detthiof his Brother^ whom he
J^ always tenderly lov'd; but hetcfiga'd him*
lelt to God, m whom he placUialBhis Confi-
dfiflcei and Confidei-iag, that the hmft 3icn of
uftwfincfsm bis Courfteiaiicc, wonld pot ail his
Mcja into a ComlefflatiQ©, he ftill hot e up, with
W^s^^ftm Rcfolution,. fctting all the Men to
w^irj5j :aaifl| birofelf and giving his Orders with?
as iflfMjph Pjefcdcc Of Mind as ever. God corafbr-
Jfidvhimthffame Day^for the fame Tide carry 'd
1^ th^ Ihips out of Danger, and con^ey'd
th^WiHtothef Places appointed for. them to win-*
jt^BlHi Fiftbji I baiptiz'd two Gbildrcttof an /«^
dt4ft, who had been long ilck, and I tHcsn judg'd
th^ .to be in Danger. I was the hmrc hafty,
Nf^yfQ the aext Day, the Nativife wierh to dc-.
pan^to fpend the Winter in the Woods at d
gi:'eflfi Qiftancfe from? m^ They were .both the
i^^l 0fione Father; but by feferal Mothers,
WygBmy being ailowM among the STavages of
tWti Gounti'y. One of them dy'd,and the Fa-
tb^htpi^ht the other to me again the next
Spring, as he had promifed. Our next Care was
to build Huts to ualdad the Ships and to pt^-
pa(cc for i:he Siege. , ; i iiv.^uiaui.
; iTh^Mnth I fecout towards tte ?b/^, where'
Mmfi^PT Wr 7i7/y, a Lieutenant had been dange-
rwifly ill for fome. Days. This was the firlB
J«ur4^y I took into the Woods of AmericM.
Thfc Ground w« were to travel over is very
Marfliy and we^etie^biig'd to go far about p-
a!tfoid>' the. Bogs. The .'Water begari to frcere^
bat the Ice was not thick enough tD beat us, arad
we: often futikuplhalffW&y the Leg. iThus we
tf&tel'd .Five Leagues on the Snow -and in
-'• the
:^p.i
( 258 )
t*c Woods, if we may gite them that Name-
lor there are no folk! Woods in that Country,
and they are no other than Bufties and thick
Brambles Ilk, foine Places, iutcrmix'd in others
' with open Plains.
Being (Ame to the Bank of the River of Baur^
hen, we were much perplex'd. T' e River there
IS a League and a Half over, it is very rapid andl
at that Time was full of floating Ice. Thofc who
toorc^me Company, thought the PaOage impra-
«icable and 1 had much Difficulty to prevail
with them V but foon after the River dcar'df
the Ice beine carry'd away by the Ebb. We^
then imbark'd, after having carry'd our Cano^
over the Ice that was along the Bank- We fet^
oui- about Sun fetting and t,ot ftfe aboard joft at
Might ^all.- :,/
^ We found the bliip in a fafe and convcriitoi
Flaceandthc Men began to recover afCer their
Iftte Fatigues, Having perform'd my Duty to-
wards the iick ,Man, I went in the Afterdo'^a
to vifit our CanaMans And S&ilcfrs -who had hutted
alhore. When return'd I was told the River
was paflable and therefore went off immediatly,
having Dromis'd to be back, becaufe of the At-
tack of the Fort. ,
fcS ..IJe Eleventh we arriv'dat our Camp, where
ail Things were in. a great Forwardnefs for the
Siege. Agood Way had been made acrofs the
Wood, to carry up the Cannon, Mortars and
Bombs. The Twelfth the Mortars were plan-
ted. The Thirteenth, when all was ready to
fire we lent to fummon the Enemy to furrender,
olfering them good Terms, if they yielded im-
medially. They demanded to be allowU till
Eight the next Morning tore irn their Anfwer
anddefird they might not be difturb'd that
Night about the Fort, which was granted'. The
^-^J next
^. -■ . <•
t Name-
Country,
nd thick
ia others
of Bovr^
ver there
apid and^
hofc who
e imi>ra-
> prevail
' dcar'df
bb. We^
r Ganoes
We fef
d jail: at
mtriletki
ice( their
Duty to-
(tirAo^a
d hutted
le River
nediatly,
the At-
)i wHere
for the
rofs the
ars and
re plan-
eady to
rrender,
Ided im-
•wUtill
Anfwer
I'd' that
i. The
next
(^69 )
next Day, at the Time appointed they.f^nt c^t
their Articles, which were allowed, without
'ny Difficulty ^ for they neither demanded their
Arms nor their Colours. Theit' Miniftcr had
drawn up the Capitulation m L4tm and I was In-
terpreter on our fide. They hrd iieen in a
fright CTer fi;,ce our Arrival, and had all ^he
while kept clofe up, without Aarinfe to sd
out ewea in the Night to get Water at the Ri-
ver, which wafhes the Foot of the Fort. -
;M>ff(kur. d' IberviUt fent Monfwm dtt Tatj his
Ueutenaat, the fame Day, with &^ty Menl to
take Pofleffion of the Fort. He went himfelf
the next; Day, being the Fcaft of St. Tet^fa and
gave itithe Name of Fort Bc>urbch,\ f-id Mifs
there ihc fa?-»e Day^ ^nd we fung 7'r Diurk* It is
only a wooti-n Fort,, weaker aiid f .aller thaa
wej had imagiii'd; rbc Booty alfb^oand lA it
was mqce incor.fiderabtethan had. been expeaed.
ThAtewcreiQ itFifty/|ThrceIJE>7^^ ilJ-of them
^^^l}^}^- ^^^^ Their Commamder ^as better
skiird an Trade than in Martial Affairs, havine
never been a Soldiet, which was the Caufe o"
:'rr<
fa!
N V\
hisjTurrendcring fo cafilyp
That feme Day I thought fit to retiurn, toifce
i>/aiV2f«^;iifc 7Ji//jf^ wfi^iji' I had ieff Very ill. I
fee ottii ifter dinoer ahd coniing ft* fhe'Bartk of
BoHrhon River, we found it injpaflable j for which
Reafoawehuttcd and Ihy'd thcrtf**lNh*t' night.
Thff nex:t Day, „ the River being la. ^^(!» better
Condition, we madegteat SulokesPon vtheBanfe,
being the Signal agLcodiob to giv^:!^^^^^*!!^
Ship IV/iof the taking! of the FOTC.^ 'They.'a•>
fwetf'd'Wkh the likft Signals* and we 4i#ttirn'd to
thet Foct.A Three I^tays »:after,s i«fe« '% ,oa the
iEigfateewuH of O^^hti; iMinfieitr^h'Cdfimm^ ^vo-
thet to Mfi»/ieur df ^//^ two other&^Vjf his R^
htms^^CanddiAn mi I'^enkti^lw tiJ^be-Ri-
■••-T ,1-:
' \ . ■
ver
u ■
( 270 >
ver and pa-ft'd ft the next Day, with vei<y great
Paogen J jcquW not return to the Fort till
the Second Oi. ufVoz/fW4^fr, and then we Jcrft our
felves in tlie Woods, and after much iwandrine
found opr falvas almoft in the famepjacefpora
ly hence wei, had atfirft jftray'd, where we ccn-
tinued that; Kight, and i earner not to Jbei IPort
till the Third. I wias oblig?d to go ott^n>fcctween
the Fort*and:|he foll^Monimthc fiicte sin both
Places. !foi srn i- ioo'i s((3 e^rlitw rbiflw fT.
bon/ro^ff»aDore^tn« F<^t, wher« fdme lOands' c^&ntraa:
over, the CUanpel » but jive ilidinpt ; begin to pafsover
jjpon the Ice. before the Fort^till thcML^th cyf
JVovemhr.[ Ms Mouf!lfoa^iR\jet was not ^uitc
vFroizen,^)?^ l^tlll ithse. Nights fcetweeii /the vs3d.
^nd. the . ;i4Bh, 6f ^kfmdttj> 1695. 3Rrdm that
.Time forward we wfcntlddiciaiy over, on^ the
Ice; to the. W^ whichHftv,U;iteJvery maoh Way.
The Ice began togi^ way in the River ^fSt.
Terffay on tiHe jQth cff jf/^i^^Und not- i till the
nth of jHtjf ia Bourbon KMri Omthe'ioth
of July we imbark'd tovM down with; mrl^wo
Ships toithe Moiilhbfithfei Kmt oiSti'Terefa
?here to.expRjft the £^/<^ ^h;ps^ wWcb iiAjally
":«ome aoQut that Time fihoc owe, waited in vain
jfor they ^^Ht\ 1 appeato'dj- "Si -^ . . • /i «-«« -^ '
.: I had i^<eirt iat myrfinft lArriral to team
•/he Laiftgu^ge * ; of; the .^afiiveS) and thought
of makiftgiufc.Df twa-of . them, who had re-
tHUain'd. duringTi^ Wijitteia ^a Hut, near the
^''orti but.jny frequent ajdurney between the
ftwp Rivers iiiflder'd; mcvi Bcfides, the Man was
^ Slave, M wmtbcrNaupn'^ and knew- ^not their
JLanguage {wrMlyv anti t^hr Womai^I Hwfeo hated
4he Fr*;ff^, iOilly (taik'df'^tlO tne in a^Haraour,
4iKi oft«A ifllp«s'd lupoii am, iHowcver^tbe Vi-
T5V j^j5
vei<y great
: Fort tin
^e JdH our
wandring
Place fpom
e we ccn-
tbei iPort
Q^fcctween
:Mn bdch
:>fuw f7-
►enFcizen
• pats: over
e ii^Bth of
not quke
'the '^3(1.
from that
m, on-tbe
aoh Way.
iver 0fSt.
t^i till the
tfie loth
'■©ur'S^wo
ck tt&ally
ik vain,
to {Jearn
thought
had re-
near the
w6en the
Man was
not their
/ho hated
Hamour,
ritheVi-
fits
{ »7i )
ntf rl madft them ha* c^^ goad EfffA, for I was
beanpe, fijmili^r w'lf^ that poor Man, and 1 be-
gan to liiftrua him.jttic, belt I pc^^y. he fell
SicKKlplir'd Baptjfip,;, afnd I had the Satisfaai-
oa, tpi a^iraimfter ,if to- him befor^he dy'd.
Here follov;s. what Ihave been able to learn
ooflipe^nij^g the Natives ot that Country.
. ir^pare ^eveii.pr Eight fcverai Nations, Indian
that m^iDeaiiag^m^h the Fort, and Three i^'*"*^.
H*»^re4}or more pf,-th<;ir Canoes came thither
tq.rJ)ria#!rthi8 y««r KJ55. The j^lt. diltant
moftr.niMliierous, aod.mufli confiderable are the
4mt(ftM and the Kri^if^ otherwise call'd th«
KH'ffi^^f^s mxi if Jf, oplyrequifite to learn the
L»«g«ag^ of,tho^Jj4yp^ Nations.. Xh€ Lan-
gM^^,[the i^fftcfc, wliich is ^^ki^nquwe and
-^^^Tr^^ aav^S.w^q ^re o^m^^, the Fort
lyW /am^ bati^/orfle few ,Word? .an^ aimafl
W^P^ce rim th^^ 4ccfftt. The Language of
m m9tk(i4f.Ui^r: 4iflerent fr<mr the 9ther, and
5iyv«fiqf^^r ^asv'fffien: iivloe, U^^;:it:is pr^
tended that thof^ MfffhfUtre a ^cAwi/t Nation.
yfim^/m^^^^kmMm loii&Mo^^ has.,.,
ew $o^e.made Wmy99n theni. . x-l^x^^^ "';.;*:,
Jfldt-hec^i^V/fflr^Alfli^, they hav€ the fame "' *
fia^Wi^ijftf><^ undertarke, the feme War,s. Sevc*
[^imrMm ^wi'o*// ffoeak the i-aaiguage of the
Ar;o^Wi*d<the KtM^t^toixbe^^imkital^.
^Th^ili^rnksu^^mov^- Numerous #HTd their Kricks
Coi*^r5^ Qf_ a n^ch greater Exi? M-t j (or they Indians,
nsaojl, ralidolt to, Ihc i^^tf Sffemt^ry Qt" Upper
laM whither many pf f^m Rei^ifi^jx)' Trade,
I ha]ne;ftcn fome^:\vlv?,fha;ve bee^^as. %.,as ^.
/l/^»-^w Fall, and at MMli M4kmck\ nay j
havc^^ ma »vith..f(Mne^ t|i|t have beei| as far as ,1 ,h-
^l'"tr94L The i£b/^r^(0 River goes uj^as fkr as •
tne Lakt; of, the Ar^Vi^*, and it is Twenty, c^
Twenty
( m >
Tfircnty Five I)ays Jourtfey to it from the Fort \
the j4jfimboels are Thirty^ Fivcj or Fbrty^ Ifeys
jpurneyfrom the {aid Fort.'", [^ V^"* f*
Natives Thofe Savages are well fhap'dv they arc lafge^
deferib'd. ftrong, brisk, and hardy tb endiire Cold'and
Fatigae. The J^j^w/W/ have large FigureS^^ on
their Bodies, teprefen ting Snakes, Birds, aiid
fcveral ^ther Things^ whidh they meke 'by
pricking the Skin with HWle ftarp B^wei and
filling up the Holbs wkh thd Duft af Ch!a#oOle.
They are fedatc and feem to ] be very ti^mftiick.
The -RTm** are more fprighily, always- iii-^J-
on, and continually Sinj^ingVand ibanciag/ filoth
of them are brave and Love Wati Th&jiffitiikoks
are compar'd to the FUMmings and tfit^'X^Ms
to the Gafcom, and thdr Humours have f^aflly
foroe Refemblance with' tht>fe two 'NWidflS.
^ They , are always wandriiig aad removittg ItOm
Place to Pla^e, living upon wHat they - Mil In
. Hunting and Fifhing, In t^e'Summeff tfeiy &f-
femble at the Lakes, where they continuie #Wo
or Three^ Months, and ^heiifhfey;gt^ gathet Willi
Oats, which Is «11 their Scorfev.^^*' '-''j bau. .
Thofe neir' The SaVages n^x't^Ho'tW jsdft Mffc^attoge-
tbeforu thcr up6rf Hunting vt*iiy^*&/c eontinailly tUR-
ning about ill' the wddds, Vvith6ut fixinj-ih' any
Place, ertlier ' Summer bt- Winder, unle& Whfen
they meet»'^th much -cSafney for ^c»nHhey
Hut there indftay ti^l-fbife^^haVe iio' tmk to
Eat/ ^hey^at^e otten fedutt'd^to live thtlieor
foui^ Pays without Eatirtg, 'fbi? 'Waiif 6f Fore-
cafti 'They are alfo, like thb others Hardy to
endure Cbld and Fatigue \ but in Other Refpcfts
they are^ Cowardly, Tim6rous,-Idii, Stupidj s^nd
altogether Vicious. ' l* ■ • -
As to the Religion they profeft) 1 believe it
i§ the r^nie as that of the other Savages ) but
cannot particularly teH wh^ifein their ^ Ido-
->?
Their I{e
ligion.
i-*5-j 'if
lat
the Fort jj
brty^Days
arc large;
Gold'and
i^igureS^^ on
iirds,' aiid
mekei 'by
Bhi^ and
' (Mioblt.
ciagk Both
haVc f^aflly
¥irtg Itdm
ey Mil in
titiaie ^^o
ithet Willi
ifeiatiog^-
lailly t^na-
:in0h' any
ilefs Wh^n
^€»nHhey
y liio^ to
« thtlie* or
f df Fore-
Hardy to
er Refpcfts
itBpidj ^nd
[ believe it
^ages ) but
their * Ido-
latry
( 27J )
latry con/ifts. I have been infofm'd, that thev
have fome fcrt of Sacrifices ; they are ereac
Juglers, and have as well as the others the ufe
of the Tobacco Pipe, which they calj Cahm.t.
They fraoKe the Sun and abfent Perfons, and
they have caus'd our Fort and our Ship to be
fmok d J however I can give you no Account
ot the Notions they may have of the Deity,
having not been able to dive into them. 1 will
only add, that they are extraordinary Super-
Ititious, very Leud, that they allow #f Poly-
gamy, and are very remote from the Chnjiian
Religion. •'
By what has been faid, you may perceive,
Reverend Father, that it will be a very difficult
Tasic to eftabliiTi Chriftiamty among thefe Peo-
ple. 1 believe if any Progrefs may be made in it,
we muft begin with the Krkks and Mmboehl
tor befides that rhofe Savages are more Nume-
rous, they do not fecm to me to be fo remote from
Religion. They have more Senfe, at Icaft they
arc more fettled for Three or Four Months
a Miffion may be more eafily eflabliih'd in their
Country. Not but that 1 forefee what Trouble
it would coft to fix there, and I know nor
whether our Fathers met with fo much Trou-
ble in their firft Miffions in Canada, as is
to be expecled here ; but that is not to deter
us, God will provide for us, and I hope that
the more Painful thofe Millions are, the more
MifTioners will oifer themfeives to i^v\e God in
them.
It flill remains, to give you an Account,
I^eyerend Father, of the Climate and Seafons in Tht ciu
this Country. The Fort, as I have faid before mu.
is about the Fifty Seventh Degree of Latitude'
featcd at the Mouth of Two fine Rivers but
the Soil is there very Barren ) all the Country
1 11
( 274 )
is Marftiy and full of Plains. There is little
Wood and that very fmall. For about Thirty
or Forty Leagues about the Fort there are no
Timber Trees *, which is doubtlefs occafion'd
by the Violent Winds from the Sea generally
blowing, the exccflive Cold and the almoft con-
tinual Snows. The Cold begins in Seftember^
and is then fevere enough to fill the Rivers with
Ice, and fometimes to freeze them quite over.
The Ice is not gone till the Middle of Jumy but
yet the %)ld does not ceafe then.
It is true, there are during that Time fome
very Hot Days, for there is fcarce any Medium
there betwixt much Cold and much Heat, but
that is not lafting, the North Winds which arc
very frequent foon difpel that firft Heat, and
very often, after Sweating in the Morning, a
Man is' almoft frozen at Night. The Snow
there lies Eight or Nine Months on the Ground,
but not very deep^ ebc greateft Depth this
Winter having been t#D or three Foot.
ExcefTtve ^^^^ ^°"S Winter, tho' it is always Cold is
Cold. not equally fo at all Times. Sometimes indeed
the Cold is exceffivc, during which Time there
is no appearing abroad without paying for it.
There are few among us but what have born
the Marks of it, and among the reft a Seaman
loft both his Ears^ but there arealfo fome fine
Days. That which pleafes me moft is that
there is no Rain, and that after a certain Sea-
fon of Snow and Powder, fo they call a mighty
fmall Snow which penetrates into all Places,
the Air is pure and clear. Were I to chufe
either the Summer or Winter of this Country,
I know not which 1 fhould prefer ^ for in the
Summer, befides that the Heats are fcorching,
that the Weather often changes from violent
Heat to much Cold, and that there are fcldora
three
is little
t Thirty
i are no
ccafion'd
generally
loft con-
)eftember^
ers with
ite over.
fune^ but
me fome
Medium
leat, but
vhichare
[eat, aad
irning, a
he Snow
I Ground,
pth this
a.
» Cold is
es indeed
ioie there
ng for it.
lave born
I Seaman
fome fine
is that
rtain Sea-
a mighty
ill Places,
to chufe
Country,
or in the
fcorching,
\ violent
re feldora
three
,W- t^'^'J^T ^"?efl'»^ely, there is fuch an
iffimenfe Number of Gnats, that there is no
going al/oad without being covered with them
and Itung on all fides. Thofe Gnats are more
Add to this, that the Woods arc full of Water
and that there is no going far into them, without
being up to the Middle in Mire.
♦1, T :' ^^^ Country be fuch as I have defcrib'd,
that does not hinder but that Men may live
well enough in it-, the Rivers are full itf Fifh,
there is Plenty of all foits of Game, and ail the
Winter there are Abundance of Partridges, oU-iu r.„,
which we kill'd at leaft Twenty Thoufand! ''^ '^'"'
in bpring and Autumn there is alfo a prodi-
gious Number of Geefe, Buftards, DucksfBar-
nacles, and other Water Foul. But the beft
Hunting IS that of the Caribom, which lafts all
ttie Year j but more efpecially in the Sprine
and Autumn, there are Flocks of Three, o?
Four Hundred and upwards together. Monfieur
de Sertgmhas told us, that on the Days of AU
Sawts and ^// Sonh at leaft Ten Thoufand of
them pafs d by, in fight of the Huts the Men
belonging to the Ship PoU had on the other
fide of the Bourbon River. The Caribous are
much like our Fallow Deer, excepting their
Horns. The firfl Time the Seamen faw them,
they were afraid and ran away. Our Cariadi^
ans kill d fome of them and the Seamen having
been Jear'd by thofe CanadUm, took Heart
and kill'd fome afterwards. Thus God pro-
vides for thofe Savages. Tho' the Soil is
Barren God furnifhes them Food, in fuch a
Multitude of Game, and giving them Ingenuity
to kill it. o o J
T ->.
( 27^ )
Northern Befidcs the Nations which come to Trade at
Nations, the River of St, Terefa there are others more
to the Northward, in a Climate ftill colder
than this, as the Ikoviriniouch, who are about
One Hundred Leagues from the Fort, but they
are at War with the Savages of this Country
and have no Commerce with the Fort. Beyond
them are the Efquimaus^ and on one Side of
the JhvirinioHch another great Nation ally'd
to them, call'd the jilimoufpigius^ a numerous
People, that have Villages and Itretch out behind
the J^niboels^ with whom they are almofl con-
tinually at War.
I do not yet fpeak the Language of the Sa-
vages well, but neverthelefs there have none
come to the Fort td whom I have omitted
to talk of God. It was a Pleasure to me to
make H}m known to thofe poor People who
had never heard of Himj many willingly gave
Ear to me and at leaft they perceiv'd that I
came to fome other End than the Reft of the
French, I told them I would go into their
Country, to acquaint them with the God I
ador'd, and they were well pleas'd, and in-
vited me. I know molt of the Words of the
Savage Language^ Mondeur de la Motte has
taught me many, and an EngUfl) Man^ who is
better vers'd in the Language has given me ma-
ny more. I have made a Dictionary of all thofe
Words, according to our Alphabet, and if
I were but a fliort Time among the Savages I
believe I could eafily fpeak and underftand their
Language. I have tranflated the Lord's Prayer,
the Creed and the Ten Commandments into
It. I have Baptiz'd only Two Savages at Age,
who dy'd iramediatly, and Three Children.
Our
ade at
; more
colder
about
at they
ountry
Jeyond
;idc of
ally'd
merous
behind
il con-
:he Sa-
; fione
imitted
me to
t who
ly gave
that t
of the
) their
God I
nd in-
of the
tte has
nho is
roe ma-
ll thofe
and if
vages I
d their
Prayer,
ts into
t Age,
n.
Our
Our Two Ships failed about the Beginning
of September 169U and it being likely that thef
would go direaiy for France,} chofe rather to
inhirrlt *^T' ri^ ^'Bhty Men left the e
Dciieve, that having more Leafure after the De-
parture of the Ships, I might perfeftly lelrn
the Language of the Savages, and put my felf
hJf l.^X'^'^'T'^ ^""^^S^^ ^ Miffion there/God
came and befieg'd and took us. 1 told you when
I went over to France the Particulars orourlm-
}l^7^'' I am.'"'' '' '^''-^'^ ^^ ''^''' ^^^
Reverend Father ^
Tour won humble and moftr
obedient Servant in our Lord,
Gabriel Mar EST, i^(po»er
^ of the Society of Jesus.
ExtraSi of an Account of the Country of
^ccadia, i» North America, yielded up in
the hfi Treaty of Peace by the Kjng of
France, to the Crown of England, con-
tuning 4 Defcriftion thereof with the Cu*
Jloms, Manners, and Religion of the Na-
pves, &c. Untten in the Tear i-j 10, by
a French Gentleman, and fent to a MtfU-
oner of the Society of Jesus.
rSail'd from Rochelle on the 20th of jiu^un
'<^5)9i and the Seafon bein^ fhr advanc'd
had a tedious Voyage. The Wind provM often
T 3 very
( 278 )
very boifterous and having once been contrary
for fome Days, I took Notice of a ridiculous
Cultom among the Saylors. One of them cry'd,
that the Wind we wanted was in fbme Cellar,
which was an Indication that every Man fhould
be made to drink for it , but that Contrivance
proving Unfuccefsful, another faid we Ihould
never have a fair Wind till they had whipp'd a
Grummet Grummet, it was unanimoufly Voted, and where-
rvhipp'dfor^^ it is ufual at other Times to draw Lots
d Wind, for him that it is to fall on, they now laid
hold of one who had ftolen fomething from a
Sailor, and lafli'd him feverely. He roar'd with
all his Might, but the Mate told him, he ihould
never be fpar'd till he call'd for a N, E. Wind,
which was that we wanted, immediately he
cry'd j^orth East, and was as foon difmifs'di. It
happened that the Wind came about fair in a
ihort Time and thus the Seamen were pleas'd
with their Folly.
At length we arriv'd on the Great Bank of
NtwfoHndlandy where the Sailors Duck all thofe,
who have not been there before. The Manner
of doing it among the French is thus, three or
four other Sailors take up the Perfon to be
Vmlivg, duck'd by the Arms and Legs and dip his Pofte-
riors feveral times in a great Tub of Water, and
at laft drop him into it, with his Feet up againft
the Edge of the Tub, and whilft he is ftruggling to
get out, the reft of the Crew pour Half a Dozen
Buckets ot Water over him ^ all which is redeem-
able at the Price of a certain Quantity of Brandy.
To leave thefe extravagant Diverfions of the
Sailors, 1 obferv'd upon the Bank, that the
Water is there whiter than in any other
Part of the Sea, and the Reafon of it is becaufe
the Sand we took up with the Lead was as
vvc
took
ontrary
diculous
n cry'd,
; Cellar,
a fhould
trivance
e fhould
hipp'd a
I where-
iw Lots
low laid
I from a
r'd with
le fhould
f. Wind,
itely be
ifs'd. It
air in a
: pleas'd
Bank of
all thofe.
Manner
three or
m to be
lis Pofte-
iter, and
p againft
ggling to
a Dozen
1 redeem-
Brandy.
IS of the
that the
J other
3 becaufe
was as
ii _ «»» _
iiS, vvc
took
( 279 )
took as much Cod as cover'd the Deck, asalfo
another fort of Fifh, in Shape like a Place, of
a Dark Colour on the Back, and the Belly white • ^eUate
but it is four 6r five Foot long, two or three'^'^*
in Breadth, and one in f hicknefs. Our Lines
could not bring them up, but as foon as they
were on the Surface of the Water, our Men
llruck them with Harping Irons, and one was
as much as two of them could draw up. W6
have found a whole fmall Cod in the Belly of
one of thofe Fifhes. The Head of it is fat and
delicious ; and from the Bones is fuck'd fuch an
excellent Subftance as furpalTes the fweeteft
Marrow. The Eyes, which are as big as a
Man's .Fift are alfo delicate, and the Belly of
It is nothing Inferior. The Seamen eat only
thofe P^rts I have mention'd, and throw the
Body into the Sea. Tho* fo good frefh, we
falted fome and kept them a Day or Two,
and they were ftill better. Abundance of Wa-
ter Foul ply along the Bank feeding on Fifb.
Some Days after, we difcover'd the Coall of
Nem France and Ten Englijh VefTels fifliing along
It, who told us we were off Port St. HeUn^
and the iiext Day we could fee a very wooddy
Country. Wood and Water growing fcarce,
and the Wind blowing hard, we put into a Port
our Seamen call Chibomon^ but fet down on the Bayefennc
Map Bayefenne^ on the Coalt of Accadia, This^"''-
Harbour is very Spacious, forming a good Bafon,
befet on every Side with Firr Trees, and on
the Bank of it Huts for the Fifhcrmen and
Stages to dry Cod, but then abandon'd, I went
a fhore and having made fome Shots at the wild
Foul, the Natives took the Alarm and two of
them arm'd with Axes and Fire Locks met our
Seamen, who went for Water, but as foon as
they underftood that we vi ere French they laid
down their Arms. T 4 The
Nithet
tbojrd the
Ship,
Port Roy
al tiov?
Anapolis
Jorvu.
( 280 )
The next Morning Three of their Chiefs
came aboard :n a fmall Canoe, to vifit us. We
entertained them with Fifh and Flelh, and the^'
eat Bisket and drank Brandy very plentifully,
v;Khout exceeding the Bounds of Sobriety. I
obferv d that they faid Grace very devoutly both
before and after Eating. Each of them had a
Fair of Beads about his Neck, and they had been
Baptad by a Prieft, who was fince Dead, and
whom they had bury'd. I went to fee his Grave
and found they had made a fort of Arbour over
^^^ 2 uul"^^^,'* ?^ ^ '^^^^ Stone, was a Heap
of Pebbles, plac'd in decent Order. I gave thofe
Jndfans fome Powder and Shot for thsm to bring
me wild Foul, and they would certainly iiave
done It, but that the Wind proving fair we
J? . *.J^^Jl^'^^^^y' ^^P^ng along the Coaft;
but tHc Weather changing we fpent four or
Jive Day ^before we could get into Port Royd
our intended Harbour having been fifty four
Days in our Paflage.
. The Town of Port Royal (Note, Once for aU^
that this being now in the Hands of the Englilh
*< cattd Anapolis) takes up Half a League in
Length, and about as much in Breadth. The
Houfes, which Hand at a good Diftance from
each other, are no other than very ill contriv'd
Cottages, with Clay Chimneys, and enquiring
tor the Church, I found it no better built than the
reft, for It look'd more like a Barn than the
Houfe of God. The Curate having e^tertain'd
me very courteoufly,conduaed me to fee a Houfe,
which I hir'd, it had formerly ferv'd for a
Church, was the belt ui the Town, and confi-
ited ot three Rooms on the Ground Floor, with
H^^'!;^^L?^^i; ^^^"'^ ^"^ a Stone Cellar under
the Middle Room.
The
r Chiefs
us. We
and they
entifully,
riety. I
utiy both
:m had a
had been
cad, and
lis Grave
our ov^r
a Heap
ive thofe
to brinig
ily have
fair we
I Ck)aft5
four or
rt Royal
ky four
f for aH^
£ngliih
ague in
\i. The
ce from
^ntriv'd
iquiring
han the
lan the
srtain'd
Houfe,
for a
d confi-
r, with
under
The
( 281 )
The Country all about the Town looks Plea-
iant enough, and the Avenues being Narrow
a very ftrong Place might be eaiily built there.
Two Rivers almoft encompafs that Spot of Land.
The firft of them, callM the Dauphin's is about oaupMn
as wide as the Sewy comes down from about j^wr.
feven or eight Leagues above Port Royal, and
there are Inhabitants on both fides of it at
certain Diftanccs, as ulfo good Meadows. There
are alfo fome Inhabitants upon the fame River,
jbelow Port RoyaL and fome Orchards, as well
Planted with Apple-trees as any in Normandy^
batine that thefe Trees are not Grafted. Thofc
Dwellings reach down almoft to an Ifland, call'd
/' JJIe aux Chevresy or the Ifland of Goats^ which
is a League from Port Royal, Below that Ifland
the Sea forms a Pafon, which reaches to the
Sea, being about two Leagues in Length, and
one in Breadth, very Beautiful, and there is
good Anchoring every where. Two Redoubts
on each Side of the Entrance, would fecure it,
for it is not above fifty Paces wi3e.
The other River, taird du Mouliny or of the Da Mou-
Mill, and which falls into that 1 have been fpeak- Ha Rjycr.
ing of, is not above a League in Length and
much narrower than the other. There are
three Mills on it, one for Corn and two for
fawing of Timber, with three or four Dwel-
lings. The Flood goes up almofl; to the End
of it, but not fo far up the other.
The Soil there is fruitful enough, produ-
cing all Sorts of Herbs, as alfo Fruit and Corn,
and there is Filh and Flefli, Wild and Tame
Foul, of all which more hereafter.
There are only Three Towns in all that great Only three
Country oi Aecadiai, the firfl: is Port-Rvyal ofTovms in
which 1 have already faid enough •, the fecond is ^'^"'^'^-
les Afities^ nr fh*» Minpc nnA 7ii>^,.U^fr,M th^
r._^.
third,
( 282 )
third, I never was at thefe two lall and there-
fore cannot give any Account of them ; but this
les Mi- 1 know, that hs Mities affords more Corn than
nes Tomt. all the reft of the Country, by reafon they hare
dreirk'd all the great Marlhes about it^ and that
the Inhabitants of Pon-KoyMl have fettled their
Children there on the Lands granted them for
peopling and improving of the Country, where-
in they fucceed very well.
As for BeaHbuJJin, fo call'd by reafon of it's
Situation, It is the fmalleft Towri, and has the
leaft Produd. The Climate is the fame with
France^ the Summer is about the fame Degree
MuthCcU.^} ^^a^ ^"t the Winter is colder ; for it Snows
almoft continually, and the Winds that blow are
fo cold, that they perilh the Face *, there is no
going abroad during the Foudrilles, fo the Inha-
bitants call the Time wher* it Snows and Blows
hard together. The Snow lyes there Seven or
Eight Months on the Ground, efpecially in the
Woods, which makes the Air fo Iharp.
Lipor to The beft Drink they have here is a Liquor
-P'^w*. made of the Tops of the Firr Trees well boil'd
and then put into Casks, with fome Leaven
and Molafles, where it ferments for Two or
Three Days, and then fettles. When clear
they Drink it, and it is not amifs, but the
common Drink is Water and thofe who have
no other, are neverthelefs llrong and fit for
Labour, because they Eat much and do not work
always; for they laL-no mere Fains than is re-
quifite barel: > fivi, bel.ig contented in their
little Huts with as much as fuffices Nature.
«'fJ!!y^^ .T^^y ^^5 ^^^y prolifick, few Houfes b 'ng
^cmctt. without Five or Six Children, feveral h.^e
more, and two Couples near Tort Royal had each
Eighteen, and a third Couple»Twenty Two, being
llill likelv to have manv mnr^a XI^a \I7^man
' • ' ' ' are
itc nev
or the i
among
den is
can ob
Parents
they mi
lity. I\
Parents
are ver
Keeping
Labo
Toil tc
Upland
Woods,
well in
ken to
inconfid
throw j
they cal
arc ovei
infinite
cuditms
which
plant fi
Places,
lay oth(
each of
with C
cannot
Works
out at
at the
follow'c
chargea
Pleatifi
when
id therc-
but this
orn than
hey hare
ind that
led their
hem for
f wherc-
n of it's
has the
me with
Degree
it Snows
)low are
re is no
he Inha-
d Blows
Seven or
Y in the
Liquor
ill boil'd
Leaven
Fwo or
n clear
but the
bo have
fit for
ot work
in is re-
in their
ire.
s b 'ng
1 h../e
ad each
o, being
VV VIIi^M
( 28j )
ire never known to be falfe to their Husbands
or the Men to them, nor is there any Lcudnefs
among the young People, but as foon as a Mai-
den is Marriageable, the firft Young Man that
can obtain her Confent is not retus'd by the
Parents, for they are all equal as to Eftates and
they make no Difference, on Account of Qua-
lity. Many Children are not a Burden to the
Parents, for as foon as fit for Labour^Iwhich they
are very foon, they do more Work than their
Keeping amounts to.
Labour there is very dear, for it cofts much
Toil to make the Land fit for fowiiig. The Barren
uplands, which muft be grub'd up in the^'«»'''
Waods, are not good j Corn does not come op
well in it, and tho' never fo much Pains be ta-
ken to manure it, ftill the Crop will be very
inconfiderable, and they are often oblig'd to
throw it up at laft. The bcft for Corn is what
they call the Lowlands^ being the Marihes, which
arc overflow'd at High Water •, but then it is an
infinite Labour to drein them, and yet our Jc-
c4dUns perform it, by means of mighty^Dikes, niieno
which they make after this Manner/ Thty ireinMit-
plant five or fix Rows of great Trees along the^"*
Places, where the Sea enters the Marflies, and
lay othtr Trees along one upon another between
each of th'ofe Rows, filling up all the Cavities
with Clay fo well ram'd in, that the Water
cannot penetrate it. In the midft of thofe
Works they make Sluces, for the Water to run
out at the Ebb, and to hinder any coming in
at the Flood. This Work which cannot be
follow'd but when the Sea is low, is very
chargeable and requires much Labour-, but the
Pleiatiful Crop it yeilds the fecond Year after,
when the Rain has walh'd that Land, makes
3 menus ior tnr Expence. As thofe Lands be-
long
(284)
bng to many, they all fet their Hands to the
ml e'irH"' "■ '^'l H°"e''' ^° °°e Man, he
Zt Stv/i*'f •"'" °'^"'' °'- give them fo
S^r^ '""""'"■' '' ""^y ''^'i ''one for him,
which IS the common way among them.
French/*. They are very Ingenious at all Handicrafts'
^.. £ ^^/ l'fl,^""'''''\ '^''^ «" NecS
ror Ule, tho they never learn'd thofe feveral
t.aps and Stociungs, withoac troublinK them-
their'o'w^-'khn''' ^Z'^?"'- They alfo make
tneir own Shoes and Linnen, and will eafilir
CaT "" ^""6 that is brought them The?
ft fntTh^'^i " ^^'^ """J^' » "" them uZ
About h^ M-^r'"'.'' '•'^y ''''«"'' nothing^"
hniM R ^ ^i'^'"^ °^ W'"'" they began to
bnJd, Boats about twenty Foot in the Keel
fi£ 'for'S^" ^\"^°^'* was'full of tS
^. ,.F;th:r^of\tSr::^„""''-'-%^.th^
S/ soSr inn'""^'./"';:'^'' the Beginning of the
Summ^eV K. "f^ "■"•" the latttr End of the
ftTeft [a th/r' " '^°»d certainly periffi were
s doni in ir^''°'""'x,'". "'^ 1°"S Winter, as
perhans romfT'; ^'"rs "'^ Winter Ld
pernaps lonie Part p{ Autumn, fome of the
Fr^.^ Inhabitants follow the Hunting of Mar-
S. wht'l°r'f7^' '"-'• Bears 'Tnd°o^h"r
SeaU'oJves When the Sea Wolves or <?Pai^ ^«.v, n.
whpin rhnv ^ I ;,, ^*^^^ ^'^ ^eais come aihore to
h Sea To IT ru ^°l^' ^"'^^ encompafs'd by
^len bcfet ArP' '' ^^"Pg ^nes. TheFifber-
^^AltV^l^lt'l '^^^ >i" A^ultitudes
^, a^ .wv/ diL- maiiing back to the Sea.
One
One ft
of ther
are thu
fometic
Young
they oc
Reafon
Feet bi
of theii
have V(
like a (
doing a
fant thi
Of thel(
heft the
make Si
as the ]
Countri
Ones ha
dull Wt
I the Hail
thofe w
it is v(
Drefs'd.
To fa
dians^ tt
which tl
ing weai
and Ral
the Wo(
better I^
Beautiful
Winter
big as til
Colo a r c
efpeciallj
Dark Br
and thcii
nds to the
le Man, he
! them fb
e for him,
;m.
andicrafts,
Ncceflaries
ofe fcveral
te Cloaths,
ing them-
alfo make
will eafily
m. They
hem upon
)thlng of.
began to
the Keel,
I of them,
)f them,
rhoufaad.
Royal, the
ingofthe
ind of the
T'fli were
'inter, as
Iter and
e of the
; of Mar-
nd other
3unt,and
a (here to
ofe Crea-
pafs'd by
e Fifber-
Liltitudes
the i)ea.
One
( 285 ;
One ftroke upon their Kofes makes an End
ot them, and fometimcs Five or Six Hundred
are thus taken in an Hour. The Old Ones are
fometimes as big as fmall Bullocks, and the
Young ones like Calves, all as fat as Bacon, and
they only crawl along, not being able to run hv
Reafon of the fliortnefs of their Legs, their
Feet being like Fms. They do not make ufc
ot their Teeth to defend themfelves, tho' they
rf ^ ''S'LS^^^ °"^s ^"^ a great Head, much •
like a Calf s, but make a great Noife, without
doing any Harm. This Sport is no lefs Plea-
ftnt than Profitable, and no way Chargeable.
Of thefe Creatures they make Oil, which is the
belt they have to burn. The Skin is us'd to
make Shoes for the French Inhabitants, as well
as the Native Savages, and in Fra?jce and other
Countries they cover Trunks with it. The Old
Ones have their Skins fpotted 21ack and of a
dull White, and the Young Ones are all White 1
the Hair of both very fhort. As for their Flefli.
thofe who love ftrong Meat may eat it ; but
It is very forry Food whatfoever way it is
Drefs'd. •
To fay fomething of the Diet of the Jlcca^ „.
dians^ they are very great Lovers of fat Bacon,
which they eat twice a Day, without ever grow-
ing weary of it, and prefer it before Partridges vmridgss
and Rabits, whereof there is great Plenty in
the Woods. Thofe Partridges ot Jccadia are
better Meat than ours in France^ tho' not fo
Beautiful to look to^ however in the Dead of
Winter they are nor. good, but are twice as
big as the French, T'nereis no Difference in the
Coloar of the Young and the Old. The Hens
eTpecially are always Grey, with a Mixture of
Dark Brown. Their Tail is broad, like a Fan,
and their Wings large j on their Head they
have
i I
i I
7u
( 286 )
have a Tnft of Feathers and a fine Down on
their Feet. All the Difference between the
Males and Females is, that the former have a
large Ring of a changeable Colour about their
Mecks, like that of Pigeons. They perch on
Trees, and beat their Wings fo loud, that they
are eafi./ found by fuch as feek for them.
When feveral are together on a Tree, they may
be all fhot one after another, becaufe the firing
never makes them leave the Tree. When the
Snow lies on the Ground they feed on the Tops
of the Branches of Trees, which makes them
poor and infipid.
I mention'd Rabbits before, but am more apt
Bares, to take them for Hares, becaufe they do not
Burrow, but lye out on the Ground and have
but two young at a Tirae,bcfides that their Flelh
IS black. In winter they are White and in Sum-
mer Grey •, befides in the Winter they having
nothing to feed on but the Branches of the Firr
Trees, which gives them fo ftrong a Tafte of
it, that no Drefllng can take it away* They
differ from the French Hares in that they are
never fo good, befides that their Ears and Tail
are fhorter, and they are not fo large in the
Body.
The Frefjch AccadUm never cat Veal, nor
Lamb, but let them all grow up, and throw
the Sheeps Heads, Trotters and Pluck to their
Swine, which are the moft Numerous of their
Cattle, nor do they put the Tripe of their Beeves
to any other ufe. Thofe People look upon
Mufliromes as rank Poifon, but I often cat
them without being Sick, nor do the? care for
Salads. '
«c.c,j, They have all forts of Garden Ware, except
J^ots, &c. Artichokes and Sparagrafs, and all excellent in
it's Kind. There are whole Fields of Hard Cab
bages
Cmk.
Herbs,
L._ *
? Down on
etwcen the
mer have a
about their
f perch on
I, that they
for them.
J, they may
re the firing
When the
n the Tops
nakes them
1 more
ley do
apt
not
I and have
their Flelh
ind in Sum-
hey having
of the Firr
a Tafte of I
vay* They
at they are
rs and Tail
irge in the
Veal, nor
iud throw
ck to their
>us of their
heir Beeves
look upon
often cat
ij care for
ire, except
excellent in
Hard Cab-
baged
( 5^7 )
bagcs and Turneps, which they keep all the
Year about. The Turneps are much better ti«a
1 T'u' ^"^ l^.'y ''^'^" ^"^^ them roaftcd in
the Embers. They pull up the Cabbages and
n'J'.h^T. i". '^' ^*'l^' ^^^^ '^^ Head down
and the Stalk upwards, the Snow which falls
covers ihem five or fix Foot in Depth, and fo
they are preferv'd taking them out of the Snow
H^ rf^J?K"r kk'^^'^^^P^^ '''^^^' but The
Heart of the Cabbage, and give all the reft to
their 8v^ine, which have nothing elfe to feed on
in Winter. There are fome Iflands in St. John's
River, where it cofts nothing to keep thofc
Eeafts all the Summer and part of Autumn!
becaufe there are Abundance of Oaks and Beech
Trees. In the Spring they put in feven or
eight Sows with Pig, there they Farrow and .^
are fatted with the Maft of thofe Treesf and """
kill^nJ^if '.i; '^''''' °?' '^^y ^"^« ^^'^ home.
kiUandfalt them, without any other Trouble!
The Pigs are delicious Meat fomewhat fmaller
and fhortcr than ours.
t:n °^n ^f ^?^ •^i^'*/'^'^^ who are well to pafs
kill a Bullock and keep it in Salt, the larg.ft Beef.
I not worth above fifty Livres ^ and two Sols
a Pound IS a fet Price for Beef, which is excel-
lent Meat. Thefe Cattle run in the Woods
and feed on all forts of Herbs, which gives .
them a delicate Relifti, nor do they return Home
till forr'd by the Biting of the Gnats.
The Mutton is alfo extraordinary good and Mutu«
very large; the beft Sheep is fold for cipht
Livres, and they are feldom fat but in Autumn
becaufe there is little Grafs on the Uplands!
which are the only Places where they can feed.
Ji7^u ^,°!^ ^'" "*^°y' b"t ^^^P tliem for their
WooU. Neither do they kill Cows, becaufe
they are great Eaters of Millc. pn.^ r...u.^.
that
Ill
( 288 )
that is the Reafon why they do not cat Veal,
for as foon as the Calf is taken from the Cow,
Ihe gives no more Milk in that Country.
fouU There is no want of Tame Foul, but dear,
and the Inhabitants keep them for Sea-fa-
ring Men. Wild Foul is Plentiful enough at
fbme Times. Shooting of Ducks, Teal, BuSards
and Geefe, is done after a peculiar Manner.
When the Foul is far off on the Water, the
Fouler hides himfelf in a convenient Place and
a Dog taught leaps and skips along the Shore,
after a Stick thrown up*, at that Sight the
Foul draw near, and the Dog ftill allures them
towards the Place where his Mafter lies^ who
at one Shot kills a great Number of them.
This is done in the Spring and Autumn, for
in Winter the Rivers and Lakes are frozen and
in Suriimer the Foul go elfewhere to breed. Bc-
fides in the Summer there is no going into
the Woods by Reafon of the infinite Swarms
ot Gnats, which fuck a Man's Blood, and even
in the Houfes there is no way to be rid of them
but by Smoke.
Bujiards* There is good Shooting when the Buftards
* fly in Swarms from the North to the South-
ward, and when they return from thence again
to the Northward, which is in November and
May. They are almoft as big as Swans, of the
Colour of our Wild Geefe, all the Difference
being, that their Neck is of a Violet Colour, and
they have large white Spots on each Side of the
Head.
At the Time when the Fifh comes up, which
^^P' it does not at all Seafons, the Inhabitants drive
Stakes about the Mouths of the Rivers and
Brooks the Sea runs into ^ the Filh palfes over
them at High-water, but returning at the Ebb
it is flopp'd by thofe Stakes, and taken by the
i-'eopie.
Pcopl(
Jiot fc
inferic
nerallj
they E
fond o
what
good,
they g<
they la
have w
are Sha
mon.
Asf(
of feve
Cellars
forts t(
tion th(
licious
Woods
Plenty 1
a fort c
is no 01
Spring i
Liquor,
Inhabita
Tree^ a
the Wat
it; this
Time, s
long as ]
Cauldroi
then to ;
H^vin,
ments of
it's Prod
Savages,
meat, foi
jat Veal,
he Cow,
r
•
Lit dear,
Sea-fa-
lough at
BuSards
Manner.
Iter, the
'lace and
e Shore,
ight the
res them
ieSj who
>f them,
imn, for
3zen and
ed. Be-
ing into
Swarms
md even
of them
Buftards
e South-
ce again
'jber and
1, of the
ifference
)ur, and
le of the
), which
Its drive
ers and
Ifes over
the Ebb
by the
Feopie.
FrHit4
( 289 )
People. The firft fort of Filh is the SmeFh '
not fo good as m Fr^ct ; next the Plare „oV
inferior to that of other Countries but T
nerally eaten with Oil, for want of Butter for
they malte but little in the Country beine more
r^H I ^ '^''^'^fel. bot fmaller and not fo
thev f,.?^. ■" ^P'^l" '» ""= ^f^* Water, and
they lay them on the Tops of the Houfes that
arTsh1d°«''^f" Roofs, to Jry in the "n The
mon ' ^"""S^""' P'lchards, Trouts, and Sal-
As for Fruit, there is great Plenty of Apples
forts'toi'rlf ^i"'"- T^^^'^'-^ ">=">? oth
lorts too tedious to enumerate. I will onlv men.
Su^^h'^"''. r •'V""' whlh are Zre •":
w^i "■*" S^f^ °f <""• Gardens, and the
K'of"s^/""h°^'^^'P''^' "°' " "'^te left
a for/ nf ^'""''?'"es, which are eaten with
a lort of Sugar the Coantry produces which
.s no other than a fwefct Liquor diftUlingS
Spring from the Sycombre Trees. To fave thU
Liquor, which i? as clear as Rock Watir rh, f"'-" "^
Mabitarits -ntakl a deep rounS^H^e^^;' ttte^.
1 ree, ind a Channel m the Bark to convey
he Water down to theVeiPel that is torecewJ
Tj'm, " J *■?»« to^many Trees at the fame
Time, and the Veffels empty'd every Dav as
long as the Water runs; they Boil it in areat
Cauldrons, till it comes firft to a Syrrun^and
then to aSrowniJh Sugar which is verygSod
Hwng fpoken of the Manners and Employ-
k'rProl^''',^"M[' '"""""o"?' of AccZZ
Saw.« u ' ,"'" ?ow proceed to the Native
Z L "l")""g.'s their principal Employ. «"""«>!
ment, for without it they muft Starve, and Na-""""* '*'
IT SiVigi
f -f
turc
•i^^
( 2ao ) 5
turc Teems to have for m'cji them accordingly,
for they s^rc fo robuft, that the][ can' live Ba|ht
Days ywithout Eatipg, ooly' Prinklne fonie Sir
Bears. Water, which they never want. Jhe Bear is
one ot the Beafts they kill with fipit Eafe,
when found. Thofe Creatures, at the B^gj^ning
of the Winter make them(^lves Dens in the
Earth, which they cover with t^ie pjrai^ches Qf
tbe Firr Tree, to kee^p off the 3ijip,w \\\i th,(p,
next Spring, there they l-ye all the Wjiiter, but-
what th?y fubfift on I know not, yet; this is
certain, that they come out fitter thia ,they.
went in. When the lavages kill ♦^Hem they^
Cloath themfelyes with the Skins a^d eat the
Flelh, vyhich is faid to be verjr goqd.
TbtEJh The Eljfe is hardef to b^ takign, a^nd jmjuil be
run down in, thje \yoods, which takqsup two
or tbfjje Days. \tU purfu'd by tlje-TrJ^k ont
the Snpw, l^iflg n^turatly a flothful, Cre^ture„
that wll fit, or lye in a P^ce as long as j^ has
any tl^ipig ,ta feed q^^ <Jc-till it is difct'd by
|he >Hunters i bu; on|C^ J^^^i^4' it wiU rt^n Night
and Pfty tiU it drqps: down- ^an^* %;^Y4ges
nevec ceafq to pu^|Rie,j tA\t_the B^aft, is fpcnt,^
when.i^cy cafily kill it,^a^d it is^^pn^e <>f the
bell lj)fts of Qame^JOirj^fte Ele|h.is.^'x^i;a^r^^^
nary good, either tr!^,ordry'dj wjief^.^: wpuJd
keep all ^th^ Year,; but.th^t thf y npr^rigijfc o-
ver ^»tipg.as long as there is ^ny of ^t;ief^. ^ Th^q
Tongue and Ithe Snpu; of it are ye^x deli^^te-
Thip Qre^tuire, tho^yery lafge,an4ha)^i,ng'^gi:cali
Horns iriakcs no Defcnqe ag^nft thejlui^tp^^
Caribou?. The CaifihoH^ which i^a fort c f ^q^ ^s kill; d
by lying in wait for it, infome Ptaqe it reforts
to, tor it would be imp^offible to riji^ itdown*
The Flefh of it Is al|b e^tea/by the jS^y^ges?
and it*s^Skin ferves tfeem for "a Siupmer Gar-
ment. . . - \ ,iv/ JOl .^,
The
'^ Bi&ht
me 6ir
Bear is
it Eafe,
in the
laches Qf
^ill th,c
Iter, but
I; ^his is
2^1 'they,
m they
I eat the
imB: Be
up two
'i:;^k ont
ire^ture,^
IS, i^ has
wU'd by
\^ Nigjit
■^y^ges
h fpent^
e <if the
^ WQUid
Siye 0-
delifjate-
ng;''gi:cai;
W^
t i:e£>!rts
it; (Jown.
lavages,
lei" Qar-
the
much
72.!"rS!':i,"/£i».!'»»B..*»i » ^
s?i; wsis. ;s e£ III !
fh,, :^ • u J "leir Tail, making fuch a Noife
No ice 'ti'Th'*-'' S;^'" '"'?' "Dd that is to Se
tf«|„eranftt™?^Vl'fe— ^1
of Hard Fat and Sinlws, which eives W ,hl
Strength to H,ake fogre^t a Koil' o^ t"e Wa
by the wa> it 'mak<is on Th" Wa er and ?S^^
.mmedjateljr dive, or fly to hide Jhe«fe ve?
when It IS m vairi to purfue them fnr^.„ '
not to be found again.^ WcrcZirl^^P"^
only Tee fideways. their Eyes bring very L^n
and tiiey will fometlroes come ftraite f?r»T?H '
to meet their Death. When ki y 'on the w/
ter, they muft be taken nn immerfbf»i„ %
they dive whilft l.«ng, fo?hey fiM^enfe
The. fureft way is to take them \nriZ /?^*
fides, the Baite, which k no oX^han/'^,''';
the Bark of an Afpen Tree thp rv ^ ^'u °^
".oft ddight in. is^CheiMn^p^^ie they
U 2.
o n/^
Shot.
Severs
huts.
( 29O
Shot. Another Contrirancc to take therti is
thus. When the Waters in which they Build
their Huts are frozen over, and they think
themfelves fafe from the Hunters, they go over
the Ice and cut down their Huts with Axes,
then the Bevers being forc'd to leuve them, fly
to the Edges of the Lake, to hide themfelves
between the Ice and the Land, and there lye
on their Fellies •, but in vain, for the Hunters
Dogs foon find them out by the Scent, and point
to their Mafters, who break the Ice with their
Axes, and what is amazing all that Noife then
does not make them remove, fo that when the
Hole is made they draw them out by the Tails
^nd knock them on the Head with their Axes.
It is wonderful that thefe Bevers are as dexte-
rous at building their Huts as Men are for their
Houfes. They generally do it when coupled and
about breeding, and place them in the Water, yet
fo that not one Drop comes into them. The
Hut is made like an Oveh, the Arch and Mouth
of it above the Water, and it is only of
Clay and green Wood *, but it is amazing to- fee
with what Art thofe Materials are put together.
The Wood is laid underneath for a Foundation
and the clay neatly plac'd upon it ta make the
Dwelling.
Whether the Trees they make Ufe of are
great or fmall, they have no other Tooles to cut
them down with but their Fore Teeth, which
are like a Rabbits, gnawing round the Bottom
by Degrees, and contriving it fo exadly^ that
they infallibly fall on that fide which is molt
convenient for ti :m afterwards to drag them
to the Place defign'd to build their Huts.
With thofe Teeth they f;naw off the Branches,
and draw -the Trees into the Lakes to fix them
in the Water and iull (;ven with the Surface
of
(293)
of it, all m a Circle and cxaftk equal to one
another. To carry thofe Trees they bear them
on their Backs, and what is amazing, fome of Hor^xhey
them are as thick as a Man's Middle, and three '-^'V ^''«'
or four Times his Length, which they do thus-
they take hold of one End of the Tree with
their Teeth, turning their Heads towards their
Backs, which bear it, fo they lift and put their
Bodies under to fupport them. This is not eafy
to demonftrate, nor fcarce to co^eive, but it
is Matter of Faft. '
They have another way for carrying of the Clay,
which they hold between their two fore Feet
and walk upon the hinder. The firft Layei-
IS plac d on the Tops of the Trees, fix'd like
Stakes 5 they beat it well with their Tails and
that is the Floor of the Hut, on an Edge whcre-
ot they leave a Hole to go in and out at, the
Water continually beating upon it, without
getting in •, fo they carry on the Work till it
finifhes in a Dome or round Top equal to the
Extent of the Flo jr, and three Foot high. Here
each Couple take up their Habitation, without
ever parting till Death, and fome fay, that when
one dies the Survivor never chofes another
Mate.
They take fpecial Care of their Young, ha-
ving generally not above two or three at once,
and that about the Spring. Then they all live lo-
vingly together till the Old ones are for Coupling
again, and then they turn out the Young, who
go breed apart. When the Heat of the Sum-
raer caufes the Water to fall below their Huts,
they make Dikes to flop it from running off, ^'^^
that It may always keep up even with the Holes ^'^"
of the Huts, and they may wetihcir Tails when
they will without going out. Thofe Dikes are
l^a
^u
*« uiucm, lusc tne wafer is. never too High
i
U 3
aor
( 294 )
nor too Low for them, and it is a Work To
amazing that neither the Strufture nor the Ufc
of it can be ever too much rcfleded on. All the
Beversthat hut in that Place join in the making
of the Dike^ thjy cut down Trees of all forts
in the Night, and carry them as was faid before.
All the Hunters of them agree, that an Old
Bever ferves as Mafter Workman to direft the
Young, and when they are carrying the Ti*cs,
if any one dUes not Aft his Part, all the others
let go their Hold and beat him, but if they
happen to be too weak on one Side then the
Itronger come in to their Affiftance. No Man can
comprehend how they interweave the Branches
among the Trees they have planted, unlefs he
has fcen it, nor is it to be imagin'd that the
Bevers ftop the Water only of little Rivers, for
fome of them are as wide as the Seine. The
Savages in their Canoes are often ftopp'd by
thofe Dikes, and it cofts them at leaft two Days,
Labour with their Axes to make way through
them, and when they have made a Breach, the
Bevers will repair it the next Night.
Thofe who have made thefe Works will not
permit any other Bevers to come and live with-
in their Liberty, but all join to drive them a-
way, having a regular fort of Government a-
mongthem.
There are fome wandering Bevers, which are
found abroad and never Hut, and they are fuch
as would not work and have been therefore
expcird by the reft.
When the Winter comes on, the Bevers lay
up Store of all forts of Wood 'to feed on till
the Spring, for they will neither eat one ano-
ther nor any fort of Filh. They feed on nothing
but the Bark and Roots of Trees, and there-
fore theV lav un fnfflripnf <;fr>rA fliAr*»rf in
the
( ^91 )
tU Water, under thdr Huts, that they may
not be bblig'd to go farther for ir.
The Sivages alfo catch Otters, Wild Cats,
Wolves, Martins, l^oxcs, and fcveral other Cre-
atures, to Trade with their Skins, but this is
done wirh Eafe in the Winter taking them in
Gins •, tho' fometimes they (hoot Otters, when
they have Plenty of Powder and Shot, which
they commonly have in Exchange for their Furs,
with Ibme Tobacco.
I will non fpeak of the Cufloms of the Sa-
vages, wherein perhaps I may not be too ftrift-
ly regular, but deliver them as they cccurr'd
to my Obfervation. I begin with their Marri- Mmuafs
dges, will proceed to their Children, and fo
through all the Actions 6f their Lives. When
a Young Man has a liking to a Maid, he goes
to her Father, and iaysf / woM wUlitj^ty be ad*
mimd into youf Family^ for they qfe" no Com-
pliments i the Anfwer he receives is, that he
muft fpeak to her Mother, and generally if he
is a good Hunter the Courtlhip is foon over.
However fometimes it cofts the Lover many
a weary Step to gaiA his Mifirefs, for he is o- i
blig'd to maintain the whole Family during a
certain Time, and if the Maid be very deferving
he muft Purchafe her with Prefcnts. There is
not much Ceremony at the Marriage, the Fa-
ther and Mother fay to their Daughter, FoZ/ow
that Toung Man^ he u your Husband ^ and all is
over. 1 hey go away into the Woods together ;
fome Days after they return and invite all the
Neighbours, who Fealfe together and are very
Merry. The Father commends his Son-in-law,
and recounts the Exploits of his Forefathers, and
^11 the Company Applauds his Choice. '
the
\j ^
vvnea
( 39^ )
When the Lovers arc not too remote, the
Marriage is Celebrated in the Face of the Church,
and I faw many who vcre Marry'd before, after
the Savage Manner, come to renew the Matrimo-
nial Bonds in the Church.
As foon as a Woman believes Die is with
Child, fhe muft acquaint her Husband, who ne-
ver has to do with her again till Ihc is Dcli-
vcr'd ; but this is not generally obferv'd by all.
When the Wife is near being Delivered, fhe
leaves the Hut and goes away into the Wood,
«t fome Diftance from it, with another Wom?»n
to afllft her, and the Bufiners is foon over. The
Woman Delivered gives her Afllftant the Knife
which cut the Navel String, and that is all her
Keward. The new born Babe is immediately
waih'(J, whether it be in Winter or Summer.
The firft Nourifhment it takes is the Oil of fome
Fifh, or Malted Tallow of fome Beaft, the In-
fant is made to fwallow it, and after, it has no-
thing but the Mother's Milk, till it is big e-
nough to feed like other Children. It's Mantles
are^Fox, Goofe, l>wan, or Buftards Skins, and un-
der it's Pofteriors they lay a Parcel of Mof5,
that it may not fpoil thofe Sne Ornaments.
The Cradle is a fort of flat Box, with a Lid, or
Cover, with two Hooks at the Lower End of
the Bottom Board, and a fmall Piece of Wood
at the Upper End, fticking out three, or four
Fingers to fallen a Leather Thong to, by which
thcy^carry it, and in it the Infant h made faft,
with only the Head out. The Mother carries
it thus wherefoever fhe goes, and they are al-
ways Back to Back: When fhe will unload her
ielf, Ihe never lays it along, but fets it {landing
upright againft any thing that is convenient
for the Purpofe, or elfe hangs it up on any
yhing that can bear, it. If a Son is born there
is
>tc, the
Church,
e, after
atrimo*
is with
vho ne-
ts Deli-
by all.
'd, Ihe
Wood,
Wom?»n
it. The
e Knife
t all her
:diatel/
ummer.
cf fome
the In-
has no-
big e-
Mantles
and un«
f Mofs,
aments*
Lid, or
End of
• Wood
or four
y which
dc faft,
carries
are al-
oad her
landing
veniept
on any
n there
is
1
( 297 )
i« great Rejoycing ^ but if it happens to be t
Daughter they are rather difpleas^d. When a-
ny Savage pafling by goes into the Hut and
feeing the New-born Infant, takes it up and
makes much of him, the Parents make that Per-
lon a Prefent in Retnrn, and if the Child hap-
pens to Pifs on the Party that holds him, as it
otten falls out, tor there is always a Hole ia
the Skins he is wrajpp'd in for that Purpofe, they
wake another Prefent for Satisfadion.
When the Child cuts the firfb Tooth, they
make a great Feaft, and cxercife their own
Teeth for Joy, that the Infant will foon be a-
i>*e to ufe his own. This (hows how fond they
are of thc'r Children, when born, but they are
not fo kind to thenj in the Womb, for if the
Mother proves with Child again whill the for-
mer Infant is -fucking, fhe takes a Potion to
make her Mifcarry, alledging that fhe is not a- Mifc^rri.
Die to afford Nourifliment to Two at once, nor ages fro-
to carry them about in the Woods, and therc^ ^ur'd.
fore fhe thinks it reafonable to deltroy the one,
in Order to fave the other.
Again, the firfl Time the Son kills any Game,
there is another Entertainment, for the whole Feiflings,
Family and all the Meighbouring Savages ; if ic
happens at a Time when they are abroad in the
Woods, they wait for their Return, and ^Iry
their Meat to preferve it; At thefe Feafts a
very peculiar Ceremony is obferv'd, the Young
Hunter and his Parents do not talle one Bit,
of the Game he has kill'd ^ but look upon it as
Honourable to diftribute it among all the Com-
pany, tho' it be never fo fmall. ^efides they
take Care always to put it lafl: into the Kettle;
for they cat no roaft Meat, but all boil'd. They
perfedly cram themfelves, without any other
Intcrmiinon, than whilit they fhout and fine in
hoi^our,
, "»*
( 298 )
Honour of the Young Hunter. All he kills;
whillt very Young, is given away to others^ to
fhow his Dexterity and Courage j but he is not
fo tree when Marriageable.
The Hopes of attaining to fome Command,
encourages every Man to excel in Hunting, that
Trefer- being the way to Preferment •, for there is no
ment If Inheritance or Birth Right i only Merit raifes
Merit, every Man. When once a Man has attained
that High Poll, he can never be put out of it,
unlefs it be for fome heinous Offence. The Ho-
nour of that Dignity is not great, for he is on-
ly the firft among about an Hundred of poor
Wretches, more or lefs, according to the Quar-
ter he lives in ; yet they pay him Rcfped either
in Peace or War, and obey his Orders as good
Subjeds do their Kings. I have {Q(;n one of
thofe Chiefs of the Savages come to the Fort
of St. John's River, to receive the Prefents made
him by France. His Name was Sa^aine.
Fort St. That Fort is only fodded, having four Bafti-'
John. ons, with fix Pieces of Cannon on each of them ^
however during the laft War, it was defended
againft the Eftgiifh by an Hundred Men. That
^fffOHwt c/ Chief I have mention'd, was Grandfon to a Sa-
* '^* vage, who had been made a Gentleman by King
Henry the Eighth of France, for having expell'd
the Engliflj Savages out of his Dominions. There
was nothing, either in his Mien or Garb, to
diflinguifli him by, from the Reft of his Com-
pany, he was of a Middle Stature, and all his
Merit m.uft be in his Courage or his Senfe. As
foon as he came into the Fort, I obferv'd, that
; A .. after fome Compliments he made the Officers,
which Idid not underi?:and, he fate down, with-
out much Ceremony, but looking very grave,
thofe who attended him, being about Twenty
or Thirty ilaading in Order about the Room.
That
That w
what af
Fort a
Savages
me in t
ment co
Brother
for fuch,
anfwer'c
he was c
and to ^
I mentic
Prime Ft
fome W
ly at th(
vage To
where h
faid abov
forts of
turn for
fortunate
me and t
Then
bacco. Pi
which tl
fell to it.
and gave
with a n
fame Peri
he had dc
they all 1:
Time toe
Brandy.
the Ente
fifted of I
gether in
he the fw
Dainty.
& kills;
erSj to
is not
imand,
g» that
! is no
: raifcs
ttain'd
C of it,
heHo-
; ison-
)f poor
! Quar-
t either
IS good
one of
le Fort
:s made
r Bafti-
fthem;
sfended
That
:oa Sa-
>y King
sxpell'd
There
arb, to
s Com-
i all his
fc. As
'd, that
Officers,
n, with-
grave,
rwenty
Room.
That
( 299 )
That was the firft Honour I faw paid him, but
what afforded the Speftators belonging to the
Fort a pleafant Scene was, to fee one of the
Sarages part from the reft and come to falute
me in moft profound Manner, all his Compli-
ment confifting in the Repetition of the Word
Brother about Twenty Times. I knew him not
for fuch, unlefs in JESVS CHRIST^ and only
anfwer'd, by bowing as he did \ but perceiv'd
he was one of thofe I had treated at Chiboueton^
and to whom I had given Powder and Shot, as
I mention'd there. The Wife of one of the
Prime French Officers, a very Witty and Hand-
fome Woman, came up to him. Laughing hearti-
ly at the Adventure, and ask'd him in the Sa-
vage Tongue, which fhe fpeaks as well as French^
where he had fecn me. He anfwer'd, what I
faid above, and added. That he had carry'd all
forts of wild Foul for me to Chihoueton, in Re-
turn for my Civility to him, but prov'd fo un-
fortunate that I was gone. This the Lady told
me and the Savage return'd to his Place.
Then they gave all the Savage Company To-^i^ Enter..
bacco. Pipes and Brandy to refrefli them; ^Lt^^irimenu
which they feem'd well pleas'd and prefently
fell to it. One of them fill'd and lighted a Pipe
and gave it to Sagaino^ who foon puff'd it out
with a mighty Smoke, then return'd it to the
fame Perfon to fill again, and fuck'd it out as
he had done before. As foon as he had begun
they all lighted their Pipes, and from Time to
Time took Care to wafti their Throats with
Brandy. This was only a Preparative, whilft
the Entertainment was got ready, which con-
fifted of Peafe, Prunes and Flower, all boil'd to-
gether in trefli Water without Salt, that it might
be the Tweeter, and was to them the grcateft
I>aiiity. Ail the Dilieience between them and
Swine
1
1 9
' ij
( 300 )
Swine in the way of eating that Pottage wasj
that they laded it up to their Mouths with their
Hands, for they are as greedy of it as thofe Cre-
atures, only by way of Precedence the Chief be-
gun firft. They made no long ftay there j for
the Chevalier de ViUebon^ Governor of Accadia^
dy'd that fame i^ight, and they being concern'd
at it, went away immediately, after having
receiv'd their Prefents, which are generally Fire
Locks*
resftiriB ^^ ^^^^ ^'^ *^® Entertainments the Savages
Among f^niske among themfelves \ perhaps fome will
savttges, hardly believe that a Dog is their greateffc
Dainty. If they are to treat one of their Chiefs
the poor Dog is fure to dye, for that is the
mofl: Honourable Meat they can fet before them,
and whitn beft exprefles their Refped. Nor
does the poor Creature efcape, when they enter-
tain any particular Friend, and it is not the
worft they have that is kill'd, but that which
is moll valuable for Hunting. Nothing is fpar'd,
when they make a Feafti but their Joy is often
mix'd with Weeping \ fome old doating Savage
Woman, in the midlt of the Rejoycing calls to
Mind, that Twenty, or Thirty Years before
Ihe had a Son kill'd, then fome one of the Guefts^
taking Compaflion on her Misfortune promifcs
her Revenge, and never gives over till he has
kill'd one of that Nation, which committed the
Faft, he brings her the Head, and flie eats her
Belly full of it. The reft of the Company ne«
ver ftir till they have devour'a all the Meat,
and for Drink they think of none but fair Wa-
ter.
ivomsn. '^^^ Women generally drefs the Meat for
their Husbands and do not eat with them, but
with their Children, giving each his Portion,
they
tliey hav
go away
frdm the
that (tay
felves tel
Fiihing,
Subject o
to fuppl
Drunk w
moft eno
The V\
tions, as
fometime
When tl
Wrong,
make a S
up their i
will not
whole O
Mock Sk
were in "i
*
they are
Conceit tl
prefently
Fortune-t
be in a 1
Their 1
follows,
of the \A
fcarce ma
pointed t
his Body
makiiig fu
any but t
foaming fa
tlU there
to aafwei
ge was;
ith their
lofe Crc-
)hief bc-
crcj for
Accadia^
oncern'd
having
ally Fire
Savages
me will
greateifc
ir Chiefs
It is the
re them,
\. Nor
;y enter-
not the
It which
is fpar'd,
f is often
g Savage
; calls to
s before
e GueftSi
promifcs
II he has
litted the
eats her
?any ne«
lie Meat,
fair Wa*
i^eat for
hem, but
Portion,
WJUon
< . VV HVi»
they
( ?oi )
they have been at Feaft and are quite falJ, the/
go away together to fing and dance far enough
frdm the Hut, that they may not dillurb thofe
that (tay in it. Then the Men left by them-
felves tell what Feats they have per*brm'd in
Filhing, Hunting, or War, which are the whx)le
Subjea of their Difcourfe. It has been forbid
to fupply them with Brandy, becaufe, when
Drunk with it, they were wont to commit the
moft enormous Crimes.
The War is fometimes between different Na- ^'^*'^*
tions, as the EngUfn and the Vremh Savages and
fometimes among thofe of the fame N'ation.
When the Chiefs think they have receiv'd any
Wrong, they call their People together, and
make a Speech to encourage them, then lifting
up their Axes the Queflion is put, whether they
will not all agree to take them in Hand •, the
whole Company confents, and they make a
Mock Skirmifli among themfelves, as if they
were .in Earneft. They do not always flay till
they are infulted by others, for upon the leaft
Conceit that a War is likely to break out, they
prefently have Kecourfe to their Conjurers, or
Fortune-tellers for Information, that they may
be in a Readinefs to receive their Enemies.
Their Manner of confulting the Devil, is as
follows. They withdraw into fomc thick Part
of the Wood into which the Sun Beams can ^''''^""''^
fcarce make their Way, there the Savage ap-
pointed to be the Soothfayer turns and winds
his Body into th- moft extravagant Poftures,
making fuch monftrous Grimaces as might fright
any but the Devil, gutting out his Tongue and
foaming hidcoufly, which he never gives over
till there is a Signal, that the Devil is ready
t© anfW'Cr; the whole Wood quakes and cracks
J .1)1
au..
( ^03 )
afid all the Company hears the Voice and gives
entire Credit to it,
I never went to fee any of this, and could Icarce
believe it, as not much regarding their Super-
ftitions^ however I will mention an Adventure
that happen'd whilft 1 was in the Country, and
which convinc'd me of the certainty of the
Soothfaying in an extraordinary Manner.
A Gentleman inhabiting that Savage Coun-
stnnge t^y \^^fX 3 Brother at Sea, who happening to
ifivtf»r«re jjg j^^g abfent^ he fufpefted him tobecaftaway,
. and to be out of his Doubt he refolv'd to con-
fult the Oracle of thofe Soothfayers, or Con-
jurers. There was no Difficulty in performing
it, for there were enough ready to oblige him
in that particular ^ but being himfelf prefent,
the, Devil fignify'd, that he could not return
an Anfwer, becaufe that Pcrfon had been Bap-
t'z'd i he withdrew, aftd then the Devil de-
clar'd he fliould fee his Brother alive^ within
three Days, which fell out accordingly.
To go on with the Supefftitions of the Sa-
Worjhi^, vages, they formerly worfliipp'd the Sun, whom
they call Niehekaminovy and which in their Lan-
gnage fignifies, the Greateft, they rcturn'd him
Thanks for the Good he did them and intreated
the Devil, whom they call Mendon tp do them
no Harnli They had Magicians, whom, they
honour'd and refpetlted^ giving them at their
Fcafts, the belt Bits of the Filh or Fkft they
had to cat. Tbefe crafty Magicians abu$'d their
Credulity j forbidding thofe Morfels as deftru-
aivc, that they mighk feed on tbem.themfelves,
faying tbey were of ufc for their Art, and the
others bad fo little Senfc as to believe them.
When one. of them dyM> they us'd to put into
his Gtave, a living Dcg, att Ax, a Fir$ Lock,
IndUn Whfatj a Pipe, Tobacco, a Rettle, Pow-
dcr,
der, Sh
was goi
all thai
Milfiow
Folly
Piece o
out ^n(
^nd Bei
would
and CQ£
nor wi
they wi
Buitafd
fancying
would ^
tfeeth.
If a I
ft^fX XXY{
Hftt^ he
arod is J
h^r^wtll
iiciftiil
pe^jr wl
flieJpapj
^^. WPIJ
was no
tliU,Op
^Imtfh,
their ii
Con4itP
givei^ei;
Minrii t(
and ^^s J
her-
Let ^
Savages
coq3Lme(]
nd gives
lid fcarce
r Super-
dventure
itry, and
of the
er.
;e Coun-
selling to
aft away,
I to Con-
or Con-
r forming
blige him
' prefcnt,
)t return
}een Bap-
Devil de-
e^ within
r-, , ,
if the Sa-
un,whom
:heir Lan-
irn'd him
intreated
> do them
10 jn they
I ap jLhcir
?klh tliey
)u$'d their
as deftru-
i^emfelves,
t, and the
eve them-
) put into
?ire Lock,
ttle, Pow-
der,
( ?o3 )
der, Shot, a Canoe and a Blanket, believing ht
was going a long Voyage and flood in Need of
all thofe NeccfTaries for his Subfiftanee •, but our
Miljioners have made them all fenlible of the
Folly of fuch a Notion. They flill retain one
Piece of Superllition, which is that they pull
out ^nd throw away the Eyes of Filh, Birds
^nd Beafts, alledging, that if they did not, they
would be fecn by the reft of the fame Kind»
and cpnfequently could never come near them»
nor will they ever burn the Bones. Befidc*
they will never iinge the Feet of Ducks, Geefe,
Buftards, Swans^ or any other Water Foul, as
fancying that the others which are ftill alive
would never be able to ftand upon the Sand^
^4,: conlequenily they fhould kild but few o]^
hm
If a Maid that hasher Courfes happens ta i{idhuJoM
ftepover a Batchelor, as they live in the fame ^or/ow5.
i^fir, he conceits he is Difabled of. all his Limbs,
and is fo fully coavinc'd. of his Weaknefs, thaft
h^f;,wi;ll not attempt tp move one ftep j hut
lies, itill till the imaginary Courfe of tie Diften^^
^y, wb^b is of the fame Nature, is over. Shaulc^
Ihe happen to touch bis Fire Lock a,t; tlut Time,
he; ;W9W coinclude it Inchanted.,, and, that there
was no killing anything with it ever after, aod
tbis,.Opi(HOU is fOr ftromgly rooted, in them^
tlmt they are lelj,;, afraid of the woiili' Spels ^'V
their inc^aqters. .When a WqijilaUjis. in th^t
Con4itipn, ftie ravift go out of virh^ way,, an4
givei^er Husband isiatic^j> teft he ijiqiijd ha¥je;.4
Min^tP touch Ji^rf, ,withouX ^^lijjf^v^ija^ oi iif'^
and^^s Ipng as i(:, Jaft^The cjoe?' WVcpOie x^
Let ^s leave ;the foolifli Super-ifiiioni of the
Savages. to procee(J tp one of theicbeftandmoS
coqimendabk QnaUtii<p>s, which Is their Hofpita- /<"#'<«%
I'ttv
"'■■it
C J04 )
lity, for they fupport one another to the nf-
moit of their Power ^ if any one has Provifion,
he never fails to Ihare it with thofe who have
none and are in want. A Savage will rather
itarve than eat a Teal alone, when he has kiird
it, tho' it be to fave his Life j but will carry it to
the Hut, where he knows others are in want
as well as himfelf, and give every one his Ihare.
When one of them goes to vifit another, he
' /I?, s receives the Vifit, does not inquire into the
B /?ziefs that brings him, but the firft thing is
to fet Meat before him, and after that they talk
of their Bufinefs, if they have any, and the
Reafon they give for it is, that if they ftiould
firft talk of their Affairs, as foon as that were
over he would be gone. When feveral of thttti
are Hunting together, he who happens to kill
a Beaft, contenting himfelf with the Honour,
gives it up to his Companions, who dividing of
it among themfelvcs, gencroufly return him the
bcft Part. It is wonderful to fee the Boldnefs
and Cowardife of thofe People at the fame Time,
they never ftick to attack a Bear, that comes in
their way as they are Hunting, and yet they
Quake at the Sight of fo gentle a Creature as
a Horfe, as I have my felf fecn more than once
Sit Port RoyaL
cUrhyto When an old decay'd Savage can no 16nger
oii Men* ^0 a Hunting, and happens to lofe his Oiily Son
m the Wars, he in his Grief and Defparr tails
together his Friends, feafts, and gives them an
Account of his Misfortune. They being liiov'd
v»ith Compaflion, confider his Calamity and in-
gagc to furnift him with another Son, which
they foon endeavour to perfornj. They go away
into the Country where that fo much lamented
Son was kill'd, and look out for another Youth
for the unhappy Father, who has loft his own
W ItUU4
whorti t
Man c(
which i
thus th
his Son.
Tho'
Beafts, t
Brother.
Sifter,
Modefty.
heinous
look up(
con tin ua
fo that t
Refped 1
Degree.
break \A
ihould b
pening tc
Occafion
fide, whi
ftung it,
them awi
other Gn
head, he;
Condition
When he
Foulnefs
Countenal
felf. Wh
cafion tha
not to ma
Company,
It may
have drai
come to i
faim. If 1
torn, and
Whom they bring and he adopts him : the Vo«h<*
Man confents to it and ineape^ hi,\,f 3
which is religioufly obferv'd S. tL.^'"''^
thuy^he Father i Co^,forted"l??^^';^f-"^^
Brother wi 1 never fneak a urr.^^ u e '' .. ^'"*"f
Sifter, which mav he l«n- "^"^k '"^"''^ his ,*/".'/
MnHpft,, -ru i ' 5 '"" misbecome her
Modefty. The Lyt given would be a rho^
heinous Offence, and the Parents would ever
loolc upon him as an unworthy Brother l„I
continually make him fenfible/f ther Air/erf
fo that they are always very cautionT ,„a^M,-
Refpea towards their Sifters ?cti!'„^ 5 '5'f
Degree. Should a Brother ha^e Sl"i
break Wind, he would rather bnVftlhan k '
flionld be heard. A Brother and Sifter ban
penmg to be together in the Wood he hi^
Sl„«7^ * h P°'*«"0" were bare the Gnats
ftung It, and heputt ng back his HanH tr,^v? '
them away'-defil'd it with his orfuJe ^L$
other GnatiT.at the feme Time bitKs'^?^
head, he elapp'd bis Hand to it i!f rhL ? 7
Condition, \^A left fome of, the Filth 'on'^^"c
When he return'd to his Sifter, Ihe feeing".the"
Foulnefs on h.s Forehead, was fo much olt of
C°»ntw;l|«, that Ihe went and hang'd he'
felf. When the Savages have any natu?^ Oc
cafion that preres them, thiy are verVc-refoi
not tomakeitlsnown, but w=kdraw frL S
Company,, witholut fpeaking one Word. '
, It may fiU-out fometimes, when theSavaaii
have dranlcvtoo mnc!. Brandy, that thev Jfii
^r l" {hKfol"'"''^"^' H.ufe Vnd a
aim. It their Infolence is more than carf b«
born, aad they, are well beaten,- they will r *-
* turn
/
HAb'tt.
turn ^re long and beg Pardon for ti^etr DfFende^
and ^? an Attoijiement bring a Prcieot of their
J)elt ' Commodities ^ but if any o-n^ is I ruck,
wlthowt having given a Provoej^tjon^ for thdy
know when they are in the Wrong, he will
certainly remember <ii till; he Ja^s ^a Opportu-
nity of being Rey^pg'd witjli Jiis Ak, or his
Fire Lock. '
As for the Garnjents of the Savagea, thef
cover .their Naked^efs with |he $J^tirs of Beafts,
pr.^ir^/with fo_me coyrfe Clout tber/ receive
in Exi^hange for their Fi^rs, which they wrap
abouf>them. There is fcarce ^ny DifFereace
between the Habit of the Men end WoriiEn;
but th^t the Wpmi,n's hang ^own to their An*
Wes, like Petticoats, and t^e jVlQn'i do not reacfc
beyond their Knees, that fheir Legs riiay be the
fireiir for Hunting. In Summer^ Tome VOung^
i^eii wear only a Shirt, ^nd thatt £o:ikort, tha^
peyare forc'd to make ufeof a Girdk, to which
a Piece of 3tufi or 3kin is maide fallT to covet
jtbofr Parts that oipghf to b^ 1h4.l That Shirt
ro'ts'on thjeir ^ack* for onqe ipo,! yifenj they never
J^e^i; pfT tin gU, W^ag?. ipth .Mcaand Wo*
ipen are almop; , continually bareheaded \ thtx*
ibmqtlmes they put on ^ little foct of a Skull
Gp|), which cpvef s only ^heCfOwftof the Headi
Sohie few wear Sho^s and S^ck>n$, but moft of
them^ne. TheSjOfiikins ^rem^de^ofc. two Pieces
of Cburfe Clotl^ 4ew^ together,; ^Q: that there
^re^lways two Flgps four Fingj^s broad be-
yphd the Searp. -Tfjieir Shoes sji-Qiibadc of th«
Skins of Sea >Vo)vfis, or S§*bilJike the^ i/rji/1
Brogues, witl^ijt l-|eels, 4i«l: ty'jSl on wlith
Thongs, which run ^tjbjroHgh the. ^Qilarters likt
:th€ itfing of a IPyr^?.;. jh^y <''«i&f\mafcc them
of Etk^s Skins, w hid) thpy imbellefhiwlth G>
l^ui'Sg and an^j^git^ of- PprifupiAe Qjiills Red
"' ' and
&'•«♦'
and A/I
lire to
Both .
than i
bind ti
fnjall
of it,
This (
Wome
than ;tii
and is
daub i
JBflena
^AOQC
cow ai
Aiir.vf
in the
tlic Spa
to Fo<>
jkcf ;€<
eaillyk
Sidns ^
as; wibil
•Boys-laj
greatef]
{Tiler
4ipon a!
felvcs.ii
tiieFac
jRefoiul
endure
ifor niy
thofe b
.'dk^
qn
iniiMon,
pQuadei
ly ^ifti
sf their
i ruck)
ibr thdy
he will
>pportu-
, or his
. 7
ea, thef
f Bsafts,
receir-e
)y wrap
iifereiace
heir An»
lot reack
y be the
: Ybung^
)rt, tha;
to which
to covet
lat Shirt
^y never
Mid Wo*
bed i tha'
f a Skun
he Head;
tmoft of
nro Pieces
at there
road be."
e of the
the Jrijk
on vlith
ters lik^
ike them
/fflth G>
jittls Red
and
and WWte; but thofe they fell to fuch as de^
fire to, carry them to fliow in other Countries.
Both Mcjo and Women«*paint thcjnfelvES more
thaii any other People in the World. They
l«nd their Hair v?ith Strings of black and white
fnjall Gl^fs Beads, and make up a great, Knot
of It, w^ich haijgs no lower than thcii': Ears.
This Ocnament is com»6j» both to J^cn aiid
Women, k i' the formei* / have no more £card
than the latter* Their Hair never grow? Grsy^
and is hi ways, very (mpthnlfor they continually
daub It with Greafe, or Fife Oil, which is their
-Among .Ch^fe inany Eaggamuffios, there are
cow and tbta fome B«aus; who afied.a ireftch ^^^^Pt
Mr, Whcri: they iiaye kiil'd many Wild Eeafts ^''*'"-'
in the Winter, tJ^ey'iTrade Ivith their Skins in
tlw Sprjflg,ia*d CJoitb .thiomfekes from Head
to Fo<>t; with what I()fkey7i^ceive in Exchancer
i)utilftft*b©yrllooic like Gypfits; being of a Dar-
^cif-€omplfiXian ;tbaaithey, fo that they arc
cafily kdtovyn ,^| .^ mi^na. ,. iHowev^r tihtf Uieir
Skins ^e.ot an OlivtevCalour^ their Teeth are
as: wibkeaScAlahaftervdnd Men' and Women.
aoys^landiGitas ai^ fmokc Ti^bacco, wJiich is their
greateft Delight. ' .iMn-L
{Tiierd israQlJtherThittgi which they aifo look
4jpon as; aa Ornamertt, that is, marking them'-
felvcs.on ftnierd Paifis ofttbe Body, artd even f/,„,,, ,„
the.,Face^ M i;t rcclBires much Haticrtc0 simlthcir bo
iKclolutiOfly for it is iiong doing and they. ,ratjfl^^>^ afii
endure mucb. . Some: frfncHMcn have, try;'d it, ^^ "•
ifor myPacCjlhad hperJtbftCuriQfit.y tof beiir.ing
thofe MasrfcM- They iwkk tbeiSkin iwitba^JSee-
m1:3"^ '^^ fiil t»P tjjc iHofcs, fome with Ver-
miHiWii, and .fome with Gun-poWd€f> both
pounded i^r^ry finc,:.faitbat; each Golour i^ pjain-
ly diftt%u!tfliable on ithe/Skin. and thus they
V48
(jo8)
make all forts of Figures, as Crofles, the Name
of J ESVSy Flowers, or whatfocvcr clfe they
think fit, and thofe Marks never wear out. I
law; a Savage dye in the Hotd i>ieu at Puris^
who was mark'd after that Manner-, the Sur-
geons fiead him and drefs'd his Skiii)^ and yet
that rcmain'd in it. I was much furpriz'd to
fee People, who underftand nothing ot Pain-
ting jior Drawing, to make ihofe Figures fo
Jiicely ; but they do Paint fome Things curioufly
enough, on Skins they drefs, with the Juice of
fome forts of Fruits. j jUivv *;
speaUvg Their way of Writing, if we may fo- call it,
tj H^i' is very fingular, for whereas fome Eaftern Na-
tions will underftand one ianothei< by the Help
of Flowers, thefe People exprefs ' thcmfclvcs by
little Bits of Wood varioufly plac'd. Tiiey make
Collars of thofe littJe Sticks, which iVrvseicithcr
to declare War, or to projwfe Peace, aad they
fend them to thofe Nations with whom they,
are at Variance. When the Wai< is ended,
I they bury the Ax ^in a Pit as deep as they can
dig it, that it may not be found again, by which
they would denote,' thajC Peace - is fo amiable
and precious, that it ought never ^^ to be di-
fturb'd. -.
They do not computbi their Years by Days,
Weeks, and Months, but by Nights^ or the me-
morable Accidents that happen, and fometimes
the Time flips avyay without being obferv'd by
them; When they ar- in a Place wherethey find
Plenty of Wild Beaft > Foul, they ftay as long
as thofe laft \ and when they have almoftdeftroy'd
them and thePot is not wey fuppfy'd/they remove
to feek out more, being never' fonviTeUpleasM
as when there is much to eat, and! they exprefs
their Joy by Singing and Dancing. ^ /Thdir Vqices
are very agreeablcwhen ' they wiS fiag well;
:/,f:! ' - but
Cooi
Voices*
but thei
gant. ]
Church
Even- So f
were fo
Angels J
not fee
mix'd w
Time mj
vifh'd.
ted into
Tunes, a
iioner wl
in that <
had a gr(
Car^ to i
it, and b
they wer
I defcrib'
tion.
The S;
ther, in a
Feet join
another i
and Grim
Tone, wh
is HoHen^
certain 1
which alft
ftrument I
Staff aboui
Savages w
Tree, c:
Place they
the fame 1
inwards fi
that they
are fitted
( ?09 )
but their Dancing of ali forts is very extrava-
gant. I have heard them fcveral Times, in the
Church of For," Royal, fing at High Mafs and
EvenSongx the Women's Voices more efpecially
were ^o fweet, that I faccy'd I was hearing the
Angels praife God, and the more, for that I could
not fee their Lips move. The Men's Voices
mix'd with thofe of the Women from Time to
Time made it fo wonderful fine, that I was ra-
vilh'd. They fang all the Holy Hymns tranfla-
ted into their Language to moft Harmonious
Tunes, all which had been perform'd by a Mif-
fioner who liv'd there a long Time, and dy'd
in that Charitable Employment. The Savages
had a great Lofs of him, for he took particular
Car^ to inftrua: them, and they were fenfible of
it, and bury'd him in the molt decent Manner
they were able, being the fame whofe Tomb
I defcrib'd, about the Beginning of this Rela-
tion.
The Savages dance clinging clofe to oneano* rming,
ther, ma Ring, leaping gently with both their
Feet join'd, and endeavouring to outdo one
another in monftrous Motions of their Bodies
and Grimaces. The Time is kept by a fort of
Tone, which if it can be exprefs'd in Writing,
is HoHen^ Hoven, Houtn, and they Hand ftill at
certain Times to make moft hideous Cries,
which allb put ^n End to tHe Dance. The In-
ftrument is anfwerable to the reft, being a fmall
Staff about a Foot long, with which one of the
Savages who does not dance ftrikcs againft a
Tree, or fomc other Thing, according to the
Place they are in, finging through his Nofe at ,
the fame Time. Their Feef, which are turn'd
inwards from their Cradle and long kept-fo,
that they may go the better on their Rackets,
are fitted for fujh Dancinj?. Thoft- Anrirk-
X '^ Dancers
panccrs came fcvera-l Times, upon rejoycing
Days to give me that Divcrfion, but I am apt to
believe they did it for the Sake of fome Brandy I
Eavp them, Jor which they will go a great
way.
oddKj;orv jt jj very remarkable among thcfc. People,
''^^^- that if one of therp in his Way Tpyes the Pf iot
of another's Foot on the Sno'«'j or on the fotc
Earth he certainly knows by tne manner of the
Heel and Toes, or by the whole Foot of what
Nation he was who Uft that Impreffion.
CcpdScenu -po fliow what excellent Nofes tHev have I
will mention this Inftancc. A French Man had a
little Brandy left ia the Bottom of n Boael,
which he kept very choice till he cpijldget more,
never drinking any without great need and but
a very little at a Time. A Savage hapned to
come into his Hoiife on theCoaft, almoft fpent
and ready to faint with Toil and lor g falling,
and begg'd of him one Dram of that Liquor he
kept fo clofe. The French Man, who referv'd
it for himfelf, made no Difficulty to fay he had
^lone. Have you none^ anf'ver'd the Savage?
Why do you lye ? I fmell it, give me fame for it will
ftvc my Lifty hecaufe I am quitei fpent, go '» ^^^^
and you will find it. This he faid pointing to a
Place clofe by him, but he would have fmelt it
cut at an Hundred Paces diftance. The French
Man could no longer refufe to relieve hira \ but
upon Condition he ihould promife not to tell his
Companions j The Savage promis'd it, but aC
the ame Time told him it was to no Purppfe,
for it any of them came into his Houfe they
would fmell it out as he had done.
Notwithftanding the irregular Courfe of Life
the Savages lead, they live to a great Age.
They often pafsfrom the greatell Excefsof eat-
' * ■> _. ing
ipg to c)
tjsration
Wher
much T
amoH^ t
fweatm^
tjie^r ov\
with St<
Bed of
Bottom
which t
tlie fame
qous nat
fhort T
cootiauc
molt ad
were alv
a River
came ou
the Wai
by foch c
They
biit natu
9II their
Bark of
mon tht
Tprpent
that we ]
in every
it. Ift
they fei
Boulfter;
with the
Limb, CI
Tree, b(
Shape of
but to
joycing
apt to
irandy I
I great
People,
le Pfiat
tli« foft
[• of the
Df what
have I
[Q had a
L Bouel,
et more,
and but
pned to
R: fpent
5 falling,
iquor he
referv'd
f he had
Savage ?
^or it will
7 in there
ing to a
fmelt it
le French
im^ but
tell his
y but aC
Purppfe,
ufe they
J of Life
eat Age.
fs of eat-
ing
( ?ii^ J
ipg to extreme Want and yet thatmakes noAr-
tiBration in thirirStateof Health. ' '
Whea they are fpcnt ^nd difpirited with over- Wdi of
much Toil,, which is the moft general Diftemper/wf*»"'«2'
among them, they cure thcmfelvcs by much^
fwe^twg, i^hey make a Pit in the Grotfnd df
tWr own length, both Sides; whereof they line
with Stoics made alai^/ii red Hot, t^i^ by a
Bed of tbq Br^iTches of the Firr TriJe'^ae 'ihe
Bottom ^edjy eon it at their full Lengthy after
which they afe ffov^r'd with mare karrthos of
the fame Sor^, which heat,[and being of ab^tumi-
i}pus nature make a thicli ^. ike, and thus in ^
ihort Time they are in a . rough Sw»\at, ancJ
contiaue fa long as they thmk lit ^ buc' viliiat \
moll admir'd was, that thofe Sweating Pks
were always made on the Bank of a Laktf of of ^
a River and that the Savages as fooA asi they ^
came out peeking Wet threw therafelvcs iat<y I
the Wato", and thus they arc immediately eiW'^
by fiich contrary Extremes. «>n .
They often meet with Hurts, by Acdd^nts, ^p*^* f°*
biit nature has provided a wonderful Remedy fior'*"^'""*
^11 their misfortunes of that Sort under the
Bark of a Sort of Thorns, which are vi^f com-
mon throughout all Jtccadia \\it\ng a Sdrt of
Tprpentine much finer and! raofe balfemick tha*ri
that we have from Venice, and it is to be found
in every Placp, where there may beOccailon foi*
it. If they happen to break an Arm, or a Leg,
they i^Qt the Bone again exaftly and make great
Boulfter* or Pads of Mofs, which th^y cq\qv for hroUn
with theil' Tui'pentine aod lay about the? broken ^^""'
Limb, covering all with fome Bark of the Birch
Tree, becaufe it is pliable ^nd eafily takes t!he
Shape of the Part ; nor do they omit fpjintering
but to keep aU tight, they take long Pieces of
Wm^X iPgrii and make a proper Bandage ; thm
. ; . , X 4 ' " ' ^hey
'Jit
i JI2 )
th^ lay the Patient conveniently on a Bed of
Nols and this Method never fails. If fuch an
Apcid^nt^happens to a Savage when he is alone,
tic either fires his Piece fcveral Times, to call o-
therstohis Afliftance, or if he has none makes a
3mQk?, which are the ufnal Signal* '^ong them;
apd always anfwcr in Time of need. Th^y
bpiWa Hutintbe Place where the Misfortune
happens^ after this manner. They fet up Fifr'
teen or Sixteen Stakes in a Circle, according to
the intended Bignefs, two Foot from each other,
and about two Fathom or two Fathom and a-
Half in Height, the upper Ends meeting in a
Point and bound together \ the whole is cover'd
Vith JJJrr Tree Boughs and large Pieces of the
Bark of the fame Tree, or of Birch and fome-
^jmes,with Skins, leaVing only a Hole at the
Bpttjom, through which there is no going in or
tout but on all four. A Pole goes a crofs the
fiddle within, tour or five Foot from the
Grounc^ fervingto hang the Pot over the Fire,'
^Wd always very fraall and in the Middle of
Jhe Hut. The Patient's Companions go a Hunt-
ing and take Care of him till he is aWe to go as
JM«g(r^«lj9^^hey. .m: ^i
•idem, I cannot omit to mention an Accident which
i^uy feem incredi;'-*, but is infallibly true. A
French Gentleman , jwrhj had ferv'd in the Army
travelling from i^eUsc to Port Royal^ which is
above a Month's Journey by Und, had the Mif-
tortunetobreskhis Leg, fome Days after he fet
out, ^ndjjad no' Company with him but a Dog.
ConlicJ^Fing what to do in that deplorable Condi-
tion, he remember'd he had Paper about him and
a Pencil, with which he writ to bis Friends at
^ i^^*"^^?, giving them an Account of hisdifafter,
flefcri))ing the Place where he lay, and praying
fDCedv Relief. Thi« nor** h# tv'H ah^^m- hi'e nncr-c
coiiy
poor
ran Ik
feeiilg
and t
Savage
diipat
Were(
fevera
fting.
them a
Ctire.
tliej^ w
do till
with t\
related
■ 'To 1
recovei
are oft
ilight C
fet.' 1
afhore,
reft tha
they filj
long Gi
ing of
of Tbb
clofe th
the Enc
of the d
Guf, dr
Body 5 I
next Tr
fee that
upall'tli
them to
When tt
i»ii\i gut
a
Bed of
fuch an
I alone,
call o-
nakes a
g them.
They
fortune
up Fifi.
ding to
fiothei
and
ig in a
cover'd
\ of the
I fome-
at the
g in or
ofs the
>m the
le Fire,
ddle of
I Hunt-
go as
E: which
ue. A
; Army
rhich is
he Mif-
r hefet
a Dog.
Condi-
lini and
;nds at
lifafter,
praying
«> Tin or 'c
Collar
poor faithful Creature to leave him* xffe Voz
ransack toQuebtc, where his Mafters Friends
ini ? ?•'"* foon obfervM the Paper at his Collar,
fll^^'X 'i ^^ "[^<2erftood what iad hapned
H?il f IS^"" ?"f*^ '^^ ^°"°^ry were immediately
difpatch d and the Dog with them, by whom thev
wcreconduaed to his Matter, who had then lain
mnT^ ?u^\^''''^'^ T ^« '^' M°^s a'^d fa!^
S' I . ^^l^"^^^ ^^^ ^'■^"g^t Provifions with
them and immediately apply'd themfelves to the
^/J*^ ^u°' V^ ^"^^^' ^he Pot fet a boiling,
5^ ffiU'^fu^^n'''''^'* ^ hunting and fo continu'd to
^iA h^r^'^*?^°''^''P''^^'y^"^'d- He came
r.iil^ ^^"'l^^^P^^y ^° ^^^^ %'^^> where he
related what has been herefaid.
^ To return to the Savages they have an Art of ^^rPms ah
recovering themfelves even from Death. Thev^'?^^''''''"^
fiiaK?!^^" ^^P^'!? ^ ^^ drowned, becaufe their ;;i*^7
flight Canoes made of Bark are fo fubjed tD over- ''"'' ^'
ILJ f^^u ^'""^'^^ 6°^d fortune to get
?eft^h^.'"'^Vn P°fl5We Speed to take up the
reft that are ftiU remaining in the Water- then
they fUl the Panchof fomeBeaft, or i large and
long Gut, which are their ufual VefTels for keep-
ing of the Oyl made of any Filh, with the Smoke
ot Tobacco, and having tfdup one End very
.Zl^A^ P^K ^° ^^^ other a Tobacco Pipe,
the End whereof they put into the Fundament
of the drowned Perfon and pr«fling the aforefaid
Rnl„ 7r ^^u ^T^^ }^'''<' ^^3t Pipe into his
Body 5 then they hang him up by the Feet on the
f^^Z?\ and generally have the Satisfadlion to
^n H i w1 ^^'^'J °' S^'^o^^' »"akes them caft
up all the Water they have fwallow'd and brings '
wh^. I'k ' i'?''"' ?^' ^^ ^^^y ^o'* them to perceive
When the Patient r. recover'd by his Motions
They
Fartng They have an infallible Remedy for the falling
sni^ejs acknek A Soldier beldnging to the Fort oC
St. John, had been tronbled with that Diftemper
aboutfifte^noir twenty Years and it feiz'd him
alttioft evcrv pay. A Savage Woman hapning
ta be ther^ when he wa$ in his Fit, was fo mucE
concerned to fee him foam at tlve Mouth and beat
himfelf, that fhe went away into the Woods to
feck ont a %cifick fhe vyras acquainted with for
His Diftemper. $he brought twq. Dofes, eacph ©f
them about the bignefs of a Bean, of a Sort Qjf
Root grated, or powder'd, gave one of th^m Uh
the Patient, when his Fit was pvcr,. and na^s^d,
him to be cover'd warm. She ^vc Kotice,i t^t
he would fweat very much and that he wooW,
purge both upwards and do w awards, all wnichl
accordingly hapned. The Governor of the Fort
was acquainted, but took little nptice of it, fay-
ing that the Cure would be ru|fcient to verify
the Truth of that Woman's Proriiiires. The next
Day iheorder'dhe Ihouldrelt, and going away
herfelf direfted the other Dofe ftould be £4vea
him the pay after and he woulcj be perred^ly
cnj'd j he did what was enjbin'd, the Medecine
KM the fame Efi^ft as the firft Time, and the
Soldier never had another Fit of his Diftemper,
I faw him my felf Imig after in perfed Health..
When Seven or Eight Days were pafs'd a^id it
was obferv'd that his Fit did not return as ufual,
the Governor was much cbncern'd', he had not
karnt that excellent Compofition of fo rare ar
Remedy. He caus'd ftrift Search to be made
for the Woman, but fliec^qld never b^ hear'd
Our cxperteft Juglers would be alhaai'd to,
Ihow their Faces before ih^l Accftdians^ who ^Q.
wbnderful in that. Way. i .will mention tyra
m^Q
juglers.
iedpc'j
xnach,
and vc
tbeioK
ihttsA;
■y**%
It W
it, w^
The
foiilows
^ee^flc
♦l^hpc
wuh tl
ftaoc^c
fog Gla
ifhftt d<
Thus tl;
on his
them, \
Then tl
^ips, a
Ground
his Feet
iound w
to a ftr*
his Eyej
a^d at i
PiHicult
Glafs, V
m
.■<*m
mi
rocc(^Jud?e thjDcvUniuIlJia^ their
jPTintand grftidit as fmall as San^, which the?
WVfr f«i.ti»eu: IfaJids and then f^aflow evcfl
Ufm^K this p«rh»ps may be perform'd with-
W:^he Help erf* thepeviL Wheri the Flint thai
fcdpcdito Powder IS gone down intp their Sto-
mach, they take a fmair Stick, afovi't a Footlonji
aod^ery fmooth, they fmoke and , i( r^ceivc^ al
f K *ri^^' muttcringfome odd Words next they
thtt^ff It down the. Throat, their CountenancS
5Wa^ asjf they were choaking, they rake a^
tofttmch the Stick, and after foipe odd Griraa-
^*J??*^T^^*?P with the FHaUt^the End of
It, wMe and entire* - -/^^u:^^ ^%
Therecond Trick,, npt inferior tothe'firft, is ai
M<M»r Th^ make an Otter's Skin walk, that has
^ei^ flead oif p^haps ijx Months Before and their
JtW 'I '^^-^ ^^^^ ^hey have extended it,
S'JL^ 1l\?'i^^. ^V^?f^^:^'> ^^ey gather up the
gwd, behind m Folds fo that itlsin a Heap,
pi^ the^right Hand of the Head, at the Dl-
.^„V^vr ^1'°^ five Foot, they pface a Lookr:
^Ifll^P 15^ ^^^?."^ ^^ %"g themfelves
jjM doubtlefs they believe Bcafis are fb too;^
Thus the Otter is put into a Pofturc to move up-
pnJiis Paws, which they always fave, fleaina
wjjm, when they would have an entire Skin,
|hen the Savage, who is to make the Skin waUu'
skips, and dances, leaps over ic,, fells on tM '
Ground, rouls about, torments himfelf, claps
ms li^cet and Hands, rifesand makes the Air re-
found with his fli;ill Cries. He puts himfelf far.
to a ftrange Ferment, fweats till it runs down,
his Eyes look like Fire, he foams at, the Mofatff:
^d at lail the Skin walks, at M with much
Difficulty, but by Degrees it moves on to the
vials, where it ftoDs. \X/hpn fh#» QHn :- k.^t
i^i-.iii is va.«v-
mq
ward
Jhe Devil
beats tke
Suvages,
Sivage
Nttions*
St. John*:
Algcn'
pins.
( ?I^ 1
iiard in moving, tbe Savage tells thcrSp^aa-
tors, who are of another- Nation, that tJicir
Spirit is ftronger than his. , , ,1.
That wicked Spirit fometimes beats them
ontrageoufly, fo that all the Marks and Conta-
Sons may-be feert about their Bo<l»". Then
fhey fay he is angry and arc only troubled at
thofe Bruifcs he leaves on them.
I will not pretend to mention all the leveral
$avace Nations, their Number being too great ;
but will only take Notice of as many as may
ferve to fatisfy the Curious. The Savages, who
live about Port Royal^ are callM M'mem4qHeSy
and the fame dwell alone the- Banks oiSu Johns
River, which is the fineft in Jcc^dta. *t is ve-
ry full of Filh, and abounds in Trouts and Sal-
mon, Which are cafily taken, The Maricttes
live there alfo, and are more Numerous than
the others. On the River of 5n Gtorie^ which
parts New France from New England are the
hnibos, and the Abenahs, Towards Quebec
dwell the Papinaehiesj the Saquenets^ the jUgonqutns^
the Iroquois, the Huronsyt)\t Z.d/ijp/, and the Socohs^
good and bad for France, , . . . . -
To begin with the Algonqmns:,\t is thebravelt
and moft warlike Nation among the Savages.
They are generally at War with the Iroquois^
who look upon them as their molt formidable
Enemies, and by whom they have been always
vanquifti'd. They have no certain Place of abode i
but are always wsndring in the Woods, from
one Place to another; nor do they Cult'vate
the' Land as others do, who fow Indian Wheat-,
alledging, that fuch Employment belong to none
but mean Souls, and that Noble Warriors, who
can Triumph over their Enemies and attack the
fierceft Beafts, arc to live on nothing but what
Tiiefe
'-. Th«
wifer,
iindga
Herbs
very i
ful Pli
which
they k
priE'd
make
Qf'-thfi
when; t
that Pi
. The
they n(
or dry'
but the
trary e
all Tin:
Adive,
Jjtold it
dinary I
Diver^ir
light Ba
with fla
fhcy go
a Mead(
Two eg
ftance n
by a Lu
rftrikcnt
Aeptiip.'
the ©rot
- I'-n
v Thefe are lofty Nations, but the InqMit are Iroquo^
wifcr, they Till their Und very indpllrioufly
jnd gather much Indian Corn, as^lfa Roots and
Herbs, for their Suftenance. they have in a
J«/yfi?e Countq, many fpacious and, delight-
ful Plains, with feyeral conliderabfe Villaeei
which they Fortify , on all Sides, ^ and where
they Jceep good Q^ard?, to prevent bemg fuiJ
. Pnz d by the Trpcxps fropi b«tf^^rf w^^^
make Excurfions that w^y.^ will not fpeak
Ql'lthe inhuman T9,rtarep thoy put- oar Men to,
that Particular i? vyeU Jk;ij9wn. . ./. ^.
jT\i^ Qntms are.jgoVa, Friends, to the Fnnchl Outaois.
they never eat any thing but Fleflt either frefh
or dryd and devour a great Quantity of it;
but their Neighbours the Sauteurs on the con- Sautcun
^^U. eat.nothin^but Fifh, with which the Uke
EM^ about .'whrch they live: fiii^ifheslthem ^t
all Times. That light Diet makes them very
Aaive, they are the fwifteft Runners, and will
pey ,do. not ,uie . ^irj Arms, but .are extrS)r.
dinary Dexterous^ at their Bows, an^ ike a Very
Diverging Exercife. They l)rovida ^ a Tort of
light Balls, like Foot Balls, and Staves or Clubs
with flat Heads, as big as an Egg, with which
they go out 1ft Troops to divert themfelves in
a Meadow ; there they divide themfelves into
Two eaual Parties, ftanding ^t :ft <CTt?W'©i.
jtance from each other. A Ball is thVown^'p
by a Lufty Fellow, and then they all begin to
rftrtkcat it, whicbvf|eyjare & expert ^t^,(l?-iking
« tHoiiUDae Side tft ti^ptber, that it jfometicqcsis
55f^'*P'^ HouF.rJnofiherAir^ witiiouK felling to
the ©rotind, for Jfbaj^ awk. whichi firft Im i^m '
M^rwHtn play^ fmA,., ..,.\;^\,^,,u uy
•r • ) ( - . Ti ! ■ J ■ ." I *
:^^ The
(?x8 j
d^mds: The J?j^/w; favc the TjjouMe ,of. tJrdfi
. ^htir Meats for they eat It llaw. Wbea ^t
Fcottle happen to be in a ^torm at Stfa^iftd
they are oftcfe very Boifterbus in thdfc farM,
they fliut tfiemfelves »p in tiieir Canoes, wim
Covers provided for that F<ir]?ofe^ flifSttrtg 1^
clofe, that no* a Drop of Wwer can' g^et iw,
^ttd fo rotft '^Qut till tfce^ Weathtr jgw?«
lCalfacr/an4 «i»«y-c^^ ^akft «ft;^f ttieit
. I h^ve bec^ brief in^llpdaMng of tbefei^lja-
tiofls, and^it many nttbrfe 1 co»W give ^ an^ A?-
. ^ count of, to avoid- rejieaMttg, i^hat \u% BceA
• ''"^ OTchlion'dby others, iftdlhtos put ak> B«id to
' this Relat?otf^i^ :.. a^uuJ Y^ic^a.. "^^v^'i ,.';;
•. -"ft
I ^
ij Le^ff^ 7^^-l^thter |aj»« ^^v^Si' '-^
altjl ' 'JO <:JVi:l& i'li:: ^^iit^I :ooH ■y<.i ,.:i!i;a JfU'^
, :•■; ;r i •f:''i / /irljo f' : ■•' : D;:>n.L:,i
cJ I :^"»d [Ik y^rij fi^fii biic .vn::' ^'''-^ '" V}
Thlok it my Daty: t^^elve yon aft ^^^
, accordiriig to youtiMte, of the ©teffingp
viod has been pkasr'd to ifteftbvr on the JWipo^
We undertake from Time^t^-llme, t^^^^^^
of the ArchipeUgo. SyphaHti^ ^^fk, Them^Ojikm
A„j,... - ¥Ur^Cf> t»o Vifii-pH laft Year.
^P0r9fj «»w fc»*«*^ jj_* J'^^Z". -"" The
ircfir
$^ with
■an A)ff-
as tieiiil
Bdd to
p'^ib '10
Jlli "JlJCi
!J V ILL
•rill >:•■
,0V if: A
Curiam
•-; D'jnfJi
r\J ;. \'''
Acooiinit,
The
«rCami^fs. It 1^ line Coumry 1^
the Fruit, apt- e^ #,^d .rnt^i±t''ll^.^?*
g«atl>lenty. '^Lferfittt
w Trees; woultd be i
tarefulJy CHltivkttiJii ■ ^
01 line Wmds. •flft)riW*iiri' «?.L^i *L 4„ ■ ^*^"':mffr/y.
ML^^^'T^^'^'^^'^^^^ came to in^"
^W ^
art^ifra Iwg* toWU w*tPdt«' which tbevy
wwea to dirtaJn' Sij^'^Thonftfia Souls ^?i>AS«
£f i^'±'h"^'5 Bight «# taa»<rsr*]j(^
*<»v«., and- -P^,-.JfcXJ? ''vii-lo^Wr'."
tethe Mkn*,Fy Five pJSfeui^K'g
•f^ ttem ferv'd by it's particular /--S Lfides
ihofe
Pdrijhct,
Monifle-
rtci.
•tv^a
Kuvt*
< J*0 )
tbofc Forty Five Churches, thertf^are very rtitfny
Chappels about the Hills and Plains ; they ard
very Handfome and afford* curious Profpeft at
a Diftance. On the Days of the Snims, whofc
Name they b-ar, Mafs is faid in them and that
Devotion draws Abundanc* of People. -Ai
There are alfo in the IQand Five Monaftcne^
Three of Mei?v?nd Two of Nuns. The ffioft
confiderable of them is featcd in the Midft of
thclfland, is well built, ai|d the Church, Which
is Dedicated to Our Lady very neat It is In*
habited by Twelve CaUyertt ^^ ^^^^^ Monki^
and Five Secular Priefts. The Second M9»^
ftery has b^t, Four C4/o>f >^/ , or Monks, is Dtd^
'cated to St:tli^h and ft§nds o^ the Topvof
a very High Hl)l. The Jhiri/i^ abandon d.bt^
caufe there is no Revenue ijow belongiojg to
% In'c7reffftf the Bifliops ar,e taken fromamoUg
ihe Religious i(?pn, and; if a.^Mar Prieft
ftould happen to be chofe^he.iyroMld be; oblig d
firft to take .upon , him the Habitof a Rchgio-s
Man, and to make his Profeffion m. fomc IVJoAii*
V -The Two JVlonaftepies dC Nubs are alfo-Irt
ibe open Country,: There are Thirty of thofe
Religious Women/in one qfiJihen?,; and Twcpty
jn the others all of them vpi;,y Ancient andHve
by their Work, they are Devout aijd VirtuQu^i
and perhaps W9# >e mucjj^ mpre fp if Peoi^e
from Abroad Ji^d not the Liberty i)f.goiflg,p
^nd out as they pleafe. However, thof [the
fltrianefs ojf Eiiclpfure is not; obfery'd. in .thiar
Monafteries, it 'Jba§ never been heard that .they
fiavc received tW. leaft Infult, Unce their firft
Foundation^ 'Ti|C Infidels there pay an extm>-
brdinary Refpe^^ to the Places where Wproea
live and it would be an heinous Crime an¥)ng
them (
Indecei
The
difus'd
tie Chi
one ia
ierv'd 1
Latin ,
Countr
are onj
they ai
fo forn
the Far
whole {
iion of
of man]
are novi
We j
that is^
Operatii
pcrfeftl]
pay a 1
his Lea
Miniftry
but no
tons,
f
Befon
Lord A
for the
chate oj
nour us
be defir
Power.
..\
( J2£ )
them to go into any ftch Pkcc to commit anr
Indecency. '
J^t kitei ot tht LatiH Church are much '^""'^^"'
difus d zt Syphsntw, and there arc only Two lit-
tle Churches in which they are obfcrv'd ; the
one in the CaftU Dedicated to St. Antony ^n^
r**^. ^ l^r i Vicar,, who is fubordinate to the
Latm Bifliop of Milo, the other in the open
Country, Dedicated to the Bleflcd Virgin. There
arc only Six LMtin Families in the lOand, and
they are come from other Parts. It was not
fo formerly v the Latin Rites flourifh'd there ;
the Family of Cozjuiim, which commanded the
whole Country was Latin^ but fince the Inva-
fion of the Turks^ their Dcfcendants, like thofe
ox many other Families have. Degenerated, and
arc now all Cretks. ' .
We arriv'd at Syphanto On the 24th of July.
Vl^n "j* '''^'^'* ^"^^^^ *°^ I, with the Sieut
Defldndes, who was fent with us for Manual
Operations in Surgery, which he underftands
perfectly well. The firft thing we did was to
pay a Viiit to the Gretk Bilhop, and to asic
his l^eavc to Excercifc the Fundions of our
Minillry. His Reception was at firft very Cold ;
but no Man afterwards Was more Courteous
tons.
Before our Departure from Confiantinvpley the
Lord Archbilhpp of Spiga^ Patriarchal Vicar
for the^Hply Sec, throughout all the Patriar-
chate of ConfiaminopU,^ bad been pleas'd to ho-
nour us with a CommifTion as full as could
be defir'd, wherein he granted us all his own
Powrer.
Y On
( ?2a )
Ott tiic othw Hand Monfieur de FetM^ the
King of fr4fice\ Embaflador to the Pme bad
^if en us a Pafs for Security of our Perfons.
That worthy Minlfter, Who is cqosiny Zealous
for Religion and the Intereft of his Prince9
' declar'd to all Perfons, as well TMrh as othersi
that we were tinder his Ma)e(iy*i Protcdion,
and accordingly were not only to be permit-
ted to go and come, reftde, and depart at oor
Pleafure *, but that he alfo deGr'd wc might e-
very where receive fuch FaToar and AHlftance
as wc (hould Hand in need of.
We began our Miflion at the Town, having
firft provided all that was Neceflary for our
Subliftance, that we might not be Burdenfome
130 any Body. Thofe poor People to whom
Trieflly the moffc gratuitous Fundions of the Church
Funaions ajg fold, were charm'd to fee we fought no
r«w» ^tereft^ and being thereby convinc'd, that our
only End was to bring them into the Way of
Salvation, thought they could never fufficiently
exprefs their Gratitudt. Preaching every Day
to a great Multitude of People^ chat flock'd
together from feveral Parts of tht Ifland ;
Catechiliag of the Children^ vifitiag the Sickj
and Diftribnting of our Medecines gratis^ were
our continual Employment for the SfKice of
Three Weeks. The Bilhop came feveral Times
to hear us, and obferving how much his Peo-
ple were improved by onr Dilcourfes, coold not
forbear ihcdding Tears of Joy, feveral Times
commending us before the Audience and ex-
horting us to proceed in inftru^iog the Flock
committed to his Charge, '^
This
This
in the 1
ing and
pie, anc
to cont
the ope
fpent in
them, ¥
frequent
bad not
ordinar)
Abiifes.
tfec Fru.i
Haviii
wc tho
Neighbo
Qur iat
flock'd A
Children
i9ity ha
t^i» tli$
fake m*
Tokens
from ih<
tiiem wi
t& vifit t
tile aroo
exprefs'd
gave U3,
whom w
the llUn
(fix War
^ This fenoodmg'd ui ta viflt all the ViiJ^ges
in the Man<|, where K. 4-«rJba prcach;<J Morft- ..-*.
ing and Afternooi) to great Numbers qfPeo.. m^^>
pie, aod fon^^imes the Church being top Httlc ••^*"
to contain them, he was oblig'd to preach in
the open Fields. The reft of the Pay was
fpent in goii?g about to their Houfcs to inftrud
them, without interrupting their Labour. The
frequent p(e of the Sacraments which forae.
bad not bce« at in Twenty Years and an extra-
ordinary Reformation of Manners, and pf fevcral
Abufes that were crept in among them* wera
t*jc Fruits, 9f our Ubours. ) ^i^j, -
Having tbi^s Ipent Two Months aiid i Jtalf;.
we thought it lime to repair to the other
Neighbouriijg Iflands. Upon the firit News of
Qur iateadecj Departure thofe g<Md People
flock'd about us, Priefts, Men, Women /and;
Children, all Wept, as if fome pu%k^6ala-.
i»ity bad betn cominjg^ upon them, crjdhg^
H9»p^s 4m4 nt^r Cuid€£ to S4lvauon ^ ^i^ p.k^ ^»
t^intk$ Nmt ofJE$V^ CHRIST, do noi for^
fake m. Thcfe Words were utter'd with fuch
ToJtens of Alfeaion. th^f we could ;^pt \%M.
trom wcdaiog Tears ^ however we Conjfqhed
Uiem with the Hopes that we would foofj return
t»i?ifit them, aM might perhaps, come.tpfet-^
tile among them. Before our Departure^ they
exprefsfd their Gratitude in a Certificate they
gate us, 3iga'd by Fifty three Perfbns, among
whom Wefe the Curates and prime Perfons of
the IflaAd, which here foHowS| tranflated U^ord
fyx Wordirom the Orig^Aal.
Y*
•^.j.,^
Wc
Cenifictte
in Hvour
tftbeMif
goners*
* We the Chiefs and Heads of the People
hereunto fubfcrib'd, do render inoft humble
Thanks to the Divine Mercy, for having pro-
cur*d us fo great an Affiftance in lending to
lis the Reverend Fathers f^mes X^vitr and
John Lvehon^ French Religious Men^ of the Soci-
ciety 6i JESUS. Jufticc , Gratitude, and Truth
oblige us to teftity to all the World, that they
have behav'd themfelves here like worthy
Mihifters of the Gofpel, to the great Benefit
of the whole IQand •, they feek nothing but
£he Honour of God and the Salvation of Souls -,
their Converfation is very Edifying, their
Advice very Wholefome, and their Dpanne
moft Holy •, their indefatigable and difinterefted
Application to preach in the Churches, pub-
lick'' I4ace>, and Houfes to hear Con. effions,
and to vifit the Poor and Sick, has cdify d
us very much, and it is a great Comfort to
us to behold how much good they have done
here ; they have not only affifted us in our
Spiritual, butalfo in our Corporal Keceffities j
their Houfe has been always open to the Sick,
to whom they have lovingly diftributwl excel-
lent Remedies, without admitting^ of any o-
thcr Recompence than that which God re-
ferves for their extraordinary Charity •, fo
that we look upoh them as the Fhyficiws
of our Souls and ^dies, as our Fathers and
as our Apoftlcs. The Praifes and Bleffings,
which all our Ifland bellows on them, the
Prayers and Tears' that attend them- from
us, are a fufficient Teftimony of what they
•have done for us. We wouid willingly have
pcvail'd to keep them here*, but their Zeal,
ivnich extends to all the World, will not
permit it. Happy thofc People, who Iball,
as
* as w
* hear
* of Gc
* give 1
. * as oa
* In T<
* this p
* at Syf
! 1700.
Here
Three I
Havii]
oar Bar]
JiillTwt
4ry, IDG
9greeabl<
much h
Corn or
few Trc
Cattle fc
BetKsbr
(priMtux
yet they
large cK
cellent 3;
the. Yeai
M^%^ RfE
(flands, >
IQand h^j
of (he U
The 4
is in a 1
very ftee
and in a
\.
( ?25 )
^ as wc liaTe done ice the good Example And
* hear the Holy Diicourfes of thof<?, ^rirsints
* of God. We /bal] look u^ all thofe wjio
* give them the good Reception tl)fj def^irife,
* as our true Prcthren iaJESVSiCH^j^T,
' In Teftimony whereof, we have gjv!e^it(?flm
* this prefent Writing, Sign'd with oiit Hands,
* at S^h^^^ Sfft^mber the, 17th, ifl.thi iYcac ,,,?.
^ 1700. , ,^ CiIJ iO TEj -vtn, v^
Here follow'd the Subscription pfFil^y
Three Perfons. ciJj .,ij -^
Having taken our Leave, we ^ Qni ^flmxd
our Bark and fail'd for Sf/fho* T ^sLt'ifypfi^s Serpho
fiill Twelve Leagues in Compafs; then'^l.]i$'J^*^''
4ry, mountainous and rocky v ^s vplealantrj^hd
agreeable as Syfhunto am)f8r^; to the: ^^e,; 9s
much h SwfJfo difmal ana tildipous. ^rce.a^/
Corn or Wine grows there, and there ire l^jt
few Trees to be fcea»"t^ re is Plenty ' of
Cattle for fo barren a t^'lac^a^s that is./ xHoie
BeaKs browfe upon the Plants and Bulges wii|ch
iproot up i^^re and therf. ^mong the Rpcls, and
yet they are not Lean, and the Sheep have
large dd fine Fleeces. There grows aife ex-
cellent 3gfrop ^at Serpho, M certain Times of
the. Yeaf thcjre is a prodigious Multitude of
large Red Partridges, as are all' thofe of the
Jflands,* vyhtTe it is rare to 5nc< any Grey. The
Ii|and hVsmifojron Miap, mi tvf^ 6ae Mines
, of the Lqadrtone.
The Ghi^f Dwelling of the People of Sfrpho Jjt"^*^^
is in a larg^ Town, featcd on the Tpj» of a *^'"*^**
very fteep fjill, almolt a League from the Sea,
and in a Village about a League diftaatjrom
Y 3 ^ :^c
■nmtL
(
ti26 )
■ «ie^teiiirh. Both bt^tKem c6AtJf\ about Eidit
Httfeired Petfotts/ The Pf5ople art P60r aftd
ftaoliSftWh V they^J^ak a fort of Greek >r^ mach
itfti^^itet^, ahd*'^j»«ri6iHice it iMkh a Tonic,
v#tk'^h9s fom^thiing Of StUiaefs that |^ovokes
'^^^Umter. ■'\':^^^ ^'•■•' ■ ■«'^f?:!'l^i ;;■ '
jprVitaif^^'^llti^fla^d is go^et'n'd in Spirk<«ls % a Vi-
c?#vcr»- car of the Bifhop ot Syphanto, His Jurifeiiiaron
cxtencjsovcr five or fix very poor ^nd ill ferv'd
W?ilht2hufdfe '^b Leagues frote th(6 Town
is the Monaftery of St. Michael- ItAihkeA'hf kn
Hundred Cdoyers^ or Monks. When we vrent
. '^ifi%%J'w«? fdfa/id^hdiie biit !*h^^ A1*<W,'the
' ^iiiirt^tt^ ]Viec Mng abroad, fotrte ttf tfc^m
^"^i;! the l^khbourh^ idandS) ^^d the
^the^^elds. It ii^!<S%bfti*veK€rc,thatifh^ la
mem
4^Hd are I'rfefts^dHjJlrtam'a 7
'tViF ''to iiiite- m^^lc^^ tos;thc ^GAftdW'^f
¥M<^''I'Wrlf tf<f#ftiiill te^ifiei^dyithc^i^^
<?fl(?i if<f. 'As' foptl is ^rJift'd -it 5tf»^ ^Wi-^ughi: otit
««/o»r for 'ib%e little H^i^htl to take lif^^ur liodgirig
^li i'na%Drfd 0rie very iow WiW (krft, ^hkfh
■^ay.no' bth^f ti^t^nhig biit thfe^Ddor, iiid To
' eiiT^rely unprbvidtd Mh ail ^WtW^lHes^, tiiat
we could not get fo much as^ Plebe bf Mat to
j^ ^ye.on. The ^pinopa^ or prime Men, and the
XumW'.V'ayvffeik w(He' extraordinary Gourteous
Dori
we pre
being o
€0 beaf
We w;^
to fliak
them ij
there n
as goo(i
Fron;
Tweiw
has talii
fiaths, 'i
Bourtec
SolUth
produp
Wihc 1
Trees t
thcrf aj
the Hi
<)id,<^
thotfep:
are thC;,
to have
Ther^
Zift, a
relides.
the To
FiveM
j[/4fri>7 C
by a V
a yetie$i
During
i^i^fti
t Bidit
^ ittach
Tone,
fovokes
ekU * .
iy a Vi-
iiaidtron
11 fcrv'd
t Towfl
;d fe^^R
e went
bKM; the
^f mm
aiidi l^e
OtiBlB^n
"d oHdir
di eKdfe
he^iie
•' -^ t
Dgbiieut
Lodgirig
I, ^likih
i€^, tiiftt
if Mat to
and the
^oqrteous
itter, eil-
5wn Ac-
cercifb of
During
( jn )
Duripg fhrce WeeHs we ftay'd at Serf^a^
we prc«ch'd twice a Day, the Rool pf a Ho«fe
being our Pf Ipit, and thpfe good People thronE'd
to hear ws, aixf fecni'd touch'd at our DttfepiirSs.
We iH^ere o^ilia'd there, ijiore than it Spph^m
to make all Things palpable, and to dfclivef
them in the plaineft Terms. Otir EnploynieflC
there w^s ds has been fgid at Syphamoiand with
as good Sviccefs.
mi.-
From Serpho we went to ThermU, which iSThermia
Twelve Leagues from tht Jther. That Ifland ;/li»i.
has takei^ bis N*me 6:o<n Thfrtim, or the Hot
liaths, wbi^b formpr^y m^die it famous. It is
Fourteen, or Fifr-^n i^|ig»cs in Compafsv the
$o|L tho Cujtivjited, dpes noi; yield much, and
p-odnpes noijhing but Wheat and Barley. The
Wihc there is b^d, an^th-cre arc fearcic any
Trees to be feen. In the Midft of the Ifland
«M U J*W.[Town, and a ^eit ViflagrTwo
LeagHfe^ ftpm it, in borh which the jl . reckon
ther^ aJ^jJFour Tboufei^ Inhabitants. Towards
^e Hz; Ir, ojpi a HUl are the Remains pf an
Did ^;^e,;with fc?era) Ruins of Houfcs^nd
thofe pftwo^VmC^iW-ebes. To tbe Jjoothward
a^ethe Ruins of an sinpient <::4ty, which fccms
to have been fpa^iousand well built, . .....
thermsM IS a Pepeodance of the Biftioprr of churcbGo-
Zi*, a ^igbbouring Ifland» wbere ithe B(ihopv(r»mc»r.
refides. Jhere are Thirteen cyrcri^ Pariflies in
the Tow n^ and Four in. the Villages, beOdes
Five Mojftallcries of Caioygrs, There is but one
/^iiriV} Cburcli, throughout the wholelflaud, ferv'd
by a WcaTfe, dependii>g pn the Bilhop of Tiir4,
a /^w^p<||a^ The X#r#» Rites arc foUow'd only
by Te^,/ofiTwc!fe PamiUes. i.laoj .
Y 4 At
At oiir Arrital in the Iflaad, wc Wfcnt to
wait on the Ecclefiaftical Soperior, he is a
Man of SenfCj whom his Perfonal Merit and his
Weaich diftinguifh much above the other Griek
f)rief(s. The moft confiderable Men of the
Hand, who were then at his Houfe, were Wit-
nefTes of the Kind Reception he gave, and oi
the Kindnefs he exprefs'd for ns. We per-
form'd the Fundions of our Miflion preachiag
every Day to great Numbers of People, who
came to bear the New Preachers. An Abbot
very much Refpeded in the Ifland, \k1\o had
quitted a Bilhoprick in the Morwa^ to be mere
at Leafure to mind his own Soul, was the mplt
conftant of our Hearers. That virtuous Pre-
late foUow'd tts about every where ; he was Co
Zcaidus as to preach himfelf, and in hij^ Sermons
extpU'd us and our Miniftry. -
After feveral Days fpent in Injftruaions, there
were fo many Confeflions to hear, tbat we
were not fufficient for them, the C<ergy and
Laity of all Ages and D ^rees flocking to make
theh-s, and derlarihg, they look'd upon their
former Confeifions as of no value, for that on-
ly thofe they then made composM their Con-
t
icieoces.
j-!» .^'mi
Silaka
ViOagc.
Having happily concluded on/ Miflion in the
Town bf 71»<rrwi4y we repair'd to th*? Village,
which is caird SiUka, It is built on twp fmall
Hills, facing each other, and parted by a Stream.
E Lvchm preach'd on tlie one Si((e, before the
Church, and I on the other, as at Servho^ from
the ropof aHoufe to a great Audience. Such
Multitudes came continually to Coufcffibn, th^t
we could fcarce get fomc ftnall Time to relt.
We
der to'
^aVfc'i
tfs mi
^uitn
durlhg
4>)tn^^^
^nd tl^
a^ut 1
*4he tli
Wa^ 1
l^mgn
■^^lei
Herbs,
^rds
to ton
nit ions
'the Irf
very d
ptilous,
Kon it
Town
Ho»'i^s
Slip ol
forms'
verv ;
. 1 y
it to
is a
nd his
Griek
i the
;Wit.
and oi
e pcr-
laching
iy who
Abbot
10 had
5 mere
le mplt
IS Prc-
was fo
;rmo4s
S, there
lat we
lY and
D> make
n their
hat on-
Ir Con-
in the
Village,
fmall
Stream,
ore the
»i from
. Such
h, th^C
k.
We
(fig ) ,
'•]^)fee,ii|ent but Eight Days in tliat Village;
liftiift'iBrhich we returnM to the Jown, in Or-
der to 'go orer to J^ndros'^fot We ffiO'uld ne^er
^aVfc ;got thither, had we delay'd 6uV Dcpar-
tUt't ^ Anincriiflible.Tlironc of Pcoijle foUow'd
*s tf^ite to out ,0ark. Before our;' Departure,
^Ibtnlri'd up all we haid recommenced to them^
'durlhgthe Courfe of our MifEon^add left them,
;^mif -'lifeful Books to inculcate the latile, and fo
%fWi'ted. ' '^^ '' -^
" _^^ei(|and fifAtdrosis Twenty Leagues from Andro*
iletfh^. The Mohntains in jt are Very High, /a,„l
^nd the Vales no Icfs Delightful. "There are
a^ut tj^em Abundance of Country Houfes and
mc-t^^rdens, with cnrious Streams of Water,
;tlfhjch'lccep tj^^m continually Greed. There is
^ea^ penty of pedars, Orange, Ummon,Fig, .
\P6tamhate, Jojub, and Mulberry Trees, molt
''^r Jhet^^ wonderful large, the Oil there is
^ikttiletit^ and there is great Store of CorOt
Herbs, and all forts of Pulfe.
^';^Wthe Point of the mand, which looks to- cavri^
yhxdi Capodoro, a Pron^ontory in the Ifland of ivi^f. /
* J^^^ofom is the Port of (74vri0, capacious enough. 1
to tfontain a Fleet. In that Harbour the fe-
hitians caus'd their Navy to Winter during
the lail War. The Country about the Port is
very defcrt, nor is the whole Ifland very po-
ptilous, conHdering it's Bignefs •, for they rec-
Kon it contains but Five Thouiand Souls. The
Town of jindros is reduc*d to an Hundred
^onifes, built on the North Side, on* a
Slip of Land, which juts out into the Sea, and
forms on it*s Two Sides Two little Bays, not
very fafe, Qa the Point of that >Jeck of
Land
/ ( 3io, )
Land arc the Rains of ^ sclent Caftle, bnilt
after the Manner of the li^or^r^es of Oldjt^^
Within m ^^11$ of the ^To^rn, is a &if piir
Ji^^Cyif^f ytiikh there is oothlng wai^tin§ hut.thi?
^oofv the 'Wiiujows of h;.,f^e adora'd ^W^
cqrious pdlilji'4 MarMe. TJw Walls arj^pii
cyery where Carj'd with itfc Arms and 1C^^^
:df the J^rds , of tbe Hdi4e' of iSf<Mni^4«4ft,;^
*;ivhom that jfendWong'i, iid who jfi/jrcefS^
InvaGon of t^e Turksy are come to jewe. ft
Naxia* Four Leagues to the Smthmri otiAiat
,Xown^ is^ijiother Dwelling^call'd yifmi^€t^rQ^
Vhich is a coimii^on Naaic la thofc Wapgsj l'^
any Plactan^^ttyjbi^li:^ ^ E^iwn^nq^j h.,.
\ V "' *■
'1
!A
It IS 4»P<>lt an HuHdred Tears, fii
Want* of p^opk to cuiuya.te the Ifk^iri fmo
fwagcj. j^^g mul^ply'd, and hcen fi^ divl^,-,#jp
:,^j(irp yinag^ 'f^hrec Leagues dlft^t ^i^ei^
,^ ^fv The f^^.l^ei^ of the t%ind ace defcsoded
LSI ^^f ^?y^>^^^ i^^ ^f tf 1^,
. 4nd )that i<s the Kcafoi^, w^y the i^jlt ,Qf w
, People arc J^ery Poor. They Viuc without the
*" ;Town» and only come thither to treat abopt
. publick Affairs, or their ;prlyat;e Trade. Al^^ut
.Twenty Hve Years ago, a iPirate of cVwiwr
^ i^undcr'd ^he Tofn^.iSiiiqe then, they liaye
5 huilt little Caftlcs, Uke Tow.ers, in the Cotm-
j try, to iecure them trou^nfults. Thoie Towers
j being at a poiiJiderabl^ , piftance from one ano-
" thcr, it is- the more ij)cittbl)Efome for th^ Miffi-
oners, who koto viilt the Uhabicants. ,
1 licrc
•i'%^
qgon&a
^'^eifti
^'Df'iftie
ntdrtt
litedMJ:
oi-y ti w4
Abfeni
^tfrfoo^
Rites,
and tt
Ji^a^
f4li'<ih0
'DiVi tlii
^^ Otfl
%<ttie
% &V.
qwil^'i
"^eCltf-i
obferv
very
T^rem
' T:f!|icte fit ^ofAf\iApv.td,-jMrmwh9 wfldjs'
qgon&allf ia the Toirai.rQeMeSai^veral U|^
ofyn «f^h is ftiiUiiwue ifeom .tie fib?wa> iM«a%4
'Altf^/tt^v'who Raiiiieiii^lbii^e; Tia^ j^hfcji^ jfropi
^DlDCSBfei
Abfence.
;i4
>1^^ Ifldlldi abcititw£i|jtitf^^Bolklr«d PMilif^^^f
:^ot^«Se^^<h^ei Sbbric'd^4k«^ (3MkS.iteSf nT^Ke
of9rteoWBiKi&eP4)Htn«^^1nlly ^-^^^f^pi^ :ji^^
Rites. It is 4»^o^tt ]l|Nl^yol|i;iNtiiil^r!>^^
and that the faid Noble Man gives a great Re-
bpttiii^imi to^tlfb MaiiRicw^ ^Mk ^ftil^ncy
m aAll^Uigta^nft^Antf' t^dU«7\A&>?«l>^wJMfl^
*lft"ihcp'«IOaittii o'jiii i fUiaatfM c 'f-nr j oj
-liiVi lijo Vj /.jU 3rl3 i;nfi i;?7£riD.iUo ::r ;\ Mr.r-
r i oimtF£irtiiei!s> iof^^dr<» hiad^oteitrly?4 ilfm;
^tottie^ Tdwuv^tha- little Oftardi^ De4tt«^
3i(b &v^^^#»jir^wlikh'diey ihaVt^tetti ttblig'd :t>
quit; Thofe FoMtti molt bf ttem bocn ^m^
^ea^ to the- (?»^i^ • 5f»;gwiV,''^erf obliged «P
obferve very fttMt keafaress^ und wicre. lysble
very often to fuffer great Injaftice. The Re-
vclrend Fathers CapMcim had alfo a fmall Houfe
for
|lcfe«^ftlbn, whipb'tfiey teire-jl^eral
....« ^rr.%cd i^d - retofit^d to t agaio. ' : One t>f
ir Bitiitd^^ a dK)|fc Zeaions^and Virtuoos For-
i^'latt^'coniec tiiifb^,^^iui we had. tfae
,^tfeftfiimi'c1l»Unibrace. l^imi^ The People] of
^^^i^y^ htfi^i King Jvififd oc^ fee us fettled fa
;iheif 1fad#i*iiif our. |?6f arty and the Seimty
/iof EiiaBjRdtett ^Labomrf rsLirlH inot permit o^ to
^thiflk' ttf it f ^iit wfe wiB rftpply that I>^ttft
^W this ibrt «if freoDMtr Bxlciir4ipns, whicb .^1-
^wayt d6 tnfKtk^gppdf and ar^i4^ phargeito^oy
Man.
,♦ J %j
iiiiuAi
ti
•
, '^ We '^wMt^fi^cdbrdtiig ito?oar Gbftooii asi^on
^'ik^ ar#iv>^ atiibitfnl^i,:! IqjjWBttJou tbd' GrftI
[%id)(^^ WhOii^ectii^iis ia arOtoftobl^n^Maii-
^^eViinil^^ftlcvrwaids.was j^ >i« in tie
Sterciftf^dfffllicdPianiftioiiM il^e?beg^n tdifrfach
«Wthe ^^GAvpriBsipalnCHluQebesf iaocittt :t|i« Be-
^j|i!tiling^ofiilf<4MM^ wbicb'ii ,i 'nrime of ^Vsfting
"^Mlk&g the^&y^jb. - nriie PifltppiWin alwaft tiiere
^km^ni lihe cftrf^and ouriJ^bciii^ , were very file-
eieefifolii|lRBfof«y«g£th€f»ec^ > ,i 4 .j.i^
-v>i-*.r>- b ?:)yfo ■,.,,^-,.:jo51 bill t.:.; ""-t !>nn
Y^l Haying fedSifd oar MiflSMI *ft-e.we depactod
Arna Tililfofr j^rw^oi^AWtegcl qf; XhttuMmfih ^s^i W^t
H^* ji|»rtheriveryr laleian^ miisA;ltirfdi bei^ x^igkl
to climb a Mountain, Three lieagoes higb)
carrying our Chappel and the Box of our Me-
^dedicines, ' laoili then TwoiTL^uies ;mor^ to
i«[^i^ dovfb nbe) M^ntgiq^ialopg very •rpiigh
<^Fath$ an K^ls^^r and Mj0i,j Brambles , Jkt
leagth wefTfdch^d ithe Y*J^gfti ' and found oqr
Jfelves amongiavferj poor Pfoplcj extraardwary
'l|^Iio^a^t, liUt aoibiAg. Biqrhaions. . r/rfo
"^ ■ •■.> 1.1.;.:! i^;j'7^ 'lirli/i ^- :' y;t:.v
tbl t^(
bd* til I
dai^d ii
tMir Sc
we wo
we defii
niftring
for tfae>
Sick. 1
andrwe
hecJT tb(
us front
Itisc
^re abai
or Moni
Uknd t
that is
ons, aik
to knovf
have a
Natnre
quirie a^
tentsi, a
is reqkc
not trov
lars^ ibi
the)r ha
fow, ;if
tive. an(
is //done^
a fhame
vThich w
Fiace»a!f
l^bfe next Day hkhj^j Sunddjf^ We » tcpair'd 't<>
tht t^c chief Churciie;^ where a; gneae Nam*
bd- bf Peo^e wal kfleiAbled, to whom we de*
dit*d In the firftvPiac^^vthat the only Caie of
tbfeir Sools had bioiglrt: us to hcic ViHggc, that,
we woold be fio Burden to itheoii^ iind that^
we defir'd nothtngtbift thete Prayers for admi^ «
niftring the Sac.anieDt8,1for our laftrut^ons, andr i
for the J Medcndnes Lwe fhoiild admifii(ler to tbf
Sick. This Declaration gain'd their Affedions,-
andrwe had full Employment for^Fo^r Pays tOt
he«jr their OonfelfionsV the People* flockiiag t<^
us from aU Parts, l /a' .1.:!: ^;;. ; ; ,.[
It IS deplorable ttxfeehovr tliofe poor People^
.re abandonV by their Clergy, i The CaUwrs^ jpuritct
or Monks of Twoi Mbnafteries thdre are in thei^^^^
Mknd repair that' Vailef but oUce a Year/'^^**
that is on MaundM^ Thiitfday^ to iitdx Confeffi*
ons, and fome c^ them are >fo. Ignorant as not
to know the very Fbiiih of iAbfolution. They^
have a certain Tsack nthey > follow, as to the
Nature of the grpflbr Sios*, then they re-
quirie a certain Sum. of Money of the Pent*
tents., '^nd when that is paid the Confeffioa
is reqkon'd to be i pferfed. Sometimes they do
not trouble themfel ves to deiceod) 'to Partictt^
lars^ but are fattsfy^d with askiugi whetheti
they have not liiTAjas they did ^ thi? Yea? be-,
foro, Jf the Pcnitenic:anfwfir in the Affirnw*s
ti»e. and prefente thfil Money [agreed on, all
is/donef and he iSi order'd fo im^e Rooni
fot another. Wer endeiiyoar'd |o redrefs hc\k
a ihameful Abu£e,-and feveral tothers like it,
vThich wquld beltoo t^ious toraentipn in this
PldCC*;<itivt; /^ ••:;i r',^}<n ■.;..,., /• ■ • '^ - ■•
y/ii^D . • diivJ Jilt vn .yff'f ■^' .
^;^Lii
Via
Wc
'Apano
Oftro
Tale.
onVe ibtnt Thi?fe\ waM)|tidd fbe* BxercUciSi *yf
etir Minforv and i^d^ |»4ytuti(i)retiii:fi< ^tli^^
Tdwii'gave <»« efrkniriifffliiil Ckrtedic&DSl teHtt)
JTfiVrMf^of'iibe Vialley,: "nbocKfofiiiff d tonteaarit)
4^r^ Si0di^ abMafe iardii^Qticiit Cbdrch. iM:
lW» aS' toetipa^ ^ tkriiBown, ¥iie beot^oup;
gircatf VaM^ttoconpi^d; vkh^iiiHsl aill coitcHdt
with Hanl^eltJ uOb tM Side rof thbie HilkilDe
Iwiilt V Fiftttn br T«r«Bty, 1[?aicieiis bclongiiig.' to
the j^im^'Meni^ the UkunL iTIit indft *reK;
inarKable Thing there is, thtt R^mkins of^ a.
very ancient Church, or Temple. The Cupola
i» tin ftmdtnglafid fecnos^^dodiedf a good Tate.
' ' 'al. The Pavem^ i&^ack and White Matble^'iwitlt
**£\"Rofe8 ^nd othe» Flowcriili ic,..af verf :0iil2ba»
' '^'SvorkrocinlMip. rTtieSiHiafaitiiiits affirm, th^ie-
moving fomrbf tbe I^niat oC tfaat Part of thd
Stmftortf WtM k dtcay^, the^^^ there ibiuid ao^
Ima^ of («tit^ Lady, wliidtiif ever iince held
in great' Veiietatiofi in liiat Constfy.; Wd
found the 9t6p\e there vctr well di^M tJ
receive oiir lntm^onsy->aiid they promts'd t^
fb\km th« I3Afc&ioa& we^g^ve them fo? a 0mi^
ftfdn Ufe^ The Bilhdpi^ bping inforitfd,^^ that
rte had madd aa Abridgraoat oi the chicif^ At^
tides of miii^ ^od €h^ipaM Duties, alkNi ill
of us, la O^r tO' cauft it t6> W read every |mi«
d^ in all tlfe fbriOies, afoorrMais. Thelprune
iVten of the ilfllind, wboti they c^IH utfrtib/^
were fa IfeBfiit^ bodied the lirft Sermon w«
made upoi^ th^lr l^xtoftisiimg that they immedi*
ately apply'd tbemTeWei to do Right to the
People, ft ha»< been a>'4pf^ial Bleffing of Gdd^
that we found Means to gain the Affediona of
ttiiofe People, for the Grttks both Clergy and
Laity
'I ... .:i I
Uity 1
wards
I where
doiie in
£cieot
Conft4ftt$
ikna Soi
Thoulan
at Smttm
have hek
above *!
much Re
'ihdi \t V.J
//
4 K'(i;34r?
F-aity have generally a natiiral Aver/ion to^
wards the Latins^ and yet we were crerv
where weUrcccivU Much gppd might bo
done ki^thofe Countries, if there wer?« M. i j
ficicflt Naraber of f^reachers. The Miflion of .c^cSh «
Conft^unofU contains above an Hu^idred Tlioa- ' '^'* '^
find Souls, there arc as many at 5«ifrw4, Tei
Thouland at NaxIs, and above Eight Thoiifand
wfrr^'^'' withont reckoning the Miflions li.,.;;.
nave hete mentiord, where we had to dowith-* o^
above Twelve Thoafind Perfoijs. I am with '^
much RcfpcdL . "^"**
••J *-'u..u ;. ..
•■' Z^.".'
iiy
■J a
//
fbtdient Servdnt »/i' iWr litrj^
James kavierportier^ MlffiMer
•/ thif Society, if Jbsuj:
• <■■ ;■-: "'^ i/mr :
'■h to"'. ■■'
'.••'—■. ' ' ■ ■
S^lliBISg3S§iB^^ffi^^fSS^^ 1
*
'>UVl iHuil f-li.:.ji
•il>U
Sbme BOOKS ktel/ . Printed for RoBBut
.Gqslimg.
1. nnHE ii w» of Honour : Or^ i Compendt<MI§ Account of the iirfdenC
J[ Deriracion of all Ticlet, Dignities, Offices, Otr. as « ell Sphnual
as TemporsltCivil or M/^t^rr* Shewing the |»rerogative of the Qfo^wn,
: -leges pf Peerage, and air Parlument; the true Rank and Pre-
V -dfucy of all digni^d pferfonsj the moft memorable Debates and
d*e8 of Patliailient upon Clatin of Honours, Precedency, or dtherwifV.
With a complcat and mefol Td^le of the Nobility, fetting forth their
ancient and brefcptMonoimk'Qffices. Employment^ Creatiaps,Sacceffi*
ons, Confecratioos, ^c» Tbei whole. lUoft^atod with proper Sjpolptures,
engra? *d on Copper Plates^ tp which is added, and exaft Lift of Offi*
cersCi^' ' id* iAi^cAtj, ih GratBrhiin, as they properly and diftinftly
fall under the fupream Officers of the Kingdom, or are,any ^waf remar-
kable in the Dilpatch of publick Bufinefs. PrUe 6 s.
2. The Hiftory of the Royal Family : Or, a Succinft Account of the
Marriages and Iflue of all the Kings and Queens ot England from the
Conqucft. Treating diftinftly of iheirCWldien, with a View of theit
Births, Charafters, Lives, and Aftions, Titles, Offices, Deaths, and
Places of Burial. Shewing as wcjll the Dcfcent of fevcral Foreign
Princes and Potentates now reigning, as of many Noble and Eminent
Families in Engldnd ftiU flourilhing.that are rndterntVy defcendsd from, or
otberwife eoOdtert^ fprung from tbcBlood-Sloyal QfthisKingdom, brought
down to this Time. Pwe 4 i. . _ \..... . ^
a. Some PrimMve Dodorinet revh*d : Or, the Intermediate or Middle
Suteof departed Souls (as to Happinefs or Mifcry) before the Day of
Judgment. Plainly proved from tbo H«ly «crip<prcs and Concurrent
Tcftimony of the Fathers of the Church. To which is prefixed the
Judgment ot the Reverend Dr. George iSTviM .concerning this Book, and
the Subjea thereof. PW« 3 i.C t S t. w tn a
A. ClAvit Vniverpais, or an Enquiry after Truth, being a Dcmonftra-
tion of the Non-Exiftence or Impoffibility of an External World, by
jtrtbw Collier Rcaor of Langford NUgnA near SArum, , ^ ,
<. A View Ot the EngMfa Conftitution, with refpea to the Sovereigo
Authority of the Prince, and the Allegiance of the Subjeft. 7be Third
Edition, WiAaDefenceofclie-View, byway of Reply toth^feveral
Anfwersthatliavebeen made to it, by wmiim Hiiijny D.D.
6. C. ^uUm CcefirH Commentaries of his Wars in GauI^ and Civil War
with Fmpey- To which is added a Supplement to his Commentaries, of
the Atlksndrian, Afriftn, and Sfani^ Wars, by Aulus ^irtius <>t 0mm.
With the Author*sLife, adorn'd with Sculptures from the Dcfignsot the
famous TaUdi'u Made Engh^ it^ tie QrigifaalV"'". by Capt. M4rr/tf
Bhderi, The Second Edition improv'd; wifli Not<ft explaining the moft
difficult Places, the ancient and modern Geography exaai; compat d^
and Vionvftus Voffms Supplement, colleacd from Plutanh, Affm,Dtm,
^f. which makes a Connexion between the Wa« in ^^/^ and ctvilWa^
!»1- « -
Wilu fVWVCJ*
i
i
A'.
Accadis
there,
Mnck
to d
fuL
Bar re
drau
Sowing
Seals
Diet t
Hares
Rtoti
BER-f
e Q^swn,
and Pre-
lates and
Mherwift".
inh their
ry Sttcceffi-
pQ^pturcs,
ftdfOffi*
Idtmnaiy
if remar-
ant of the
from the
? of their
raths, and
I Foreign
[ Eminent
d from, or
a,brou^C
or Middle
le Day of
oncurrent
efix*d the
Sook, and
emonftra-
^orld, by
Sovereign
The Third
hp.feveral
>. ■ ' ■
Civil War
itaries, of
or OpptM.
ignsor the
>c* Mirth
the moft
compar*(^
o», Dion,
CiVilWa^
THE
INDEX.
ABraham and Brgma,
t^e fame. Pag, i o.
Accadia, only Three Towns
there. 281.
Much Cold there, Liejitor
to drink. Women fruit'
/«^' 282.
Bay yen Land, Dikes to
drain Marjhes. 283.
Sowing, Hunting, and
Seals. 284.
I>iet and Partridges. 285.
H4resy Cattle^ Htrbs and
R*ots, 2%€.
Swine., Beef, Mutton, 267.
Foul, Bufiards, Fijh. "288.
jidventwes, flrange. 302,
and 312,
Adultery among the Moxos*
237'
Jges of the World, the Firfl
and Second, 1 1 5 •
The Third and Fonrth, Ti5
jilarm, a jalfe one, 8p,
Albanefe Villages, 330.
Algonquins Indians^ 315.
Alphabet of China. 181.
Altar of a New Church in
China. 201.
Amazons. 252.
Anapolis, in Accadia. 280.
Andros
7hc I N D E X.
Andros IJlandj 3^9.
jintidote ttgatnfi Toiforit 57*
A pa no Caftra, 334-
Arack, ^ . 122.
Archamdiren rtfembles Job,
his Tryalsy 19-
His Rewards^ 20.
jirithmatich <»/ Indians, 1 1 6.
Ark of Noah, 8.
Arma l^ilUge 33^*
jirts and frudts taught the
Indians, 245.
A^rologer cut in Pieces^ 165.
Jfironomy of the Indians,
I inland 123.
Athe^s^none in India j i3»'
Athenian Families^ 330.
B
A iZ%z ( Father) ameng the
Moxos, 241
- His Deaths I 53«
Barbarous An fwer^ 61.
Bitrh fir ous People^ 243.
Barbarous Prn^icCr. ^ J^^*
Bat tei^ Account of ^-^^i^^f 5 8 .
^aures Indians,'-; : :• 252.
Their Martial Dtfcipline,
ibid.
'J})eir Kindnefs to Strangers,
. -Perfidiovfnefij they kill a
Mtffionery 253.
Bayefeune Port, 279.
^e^rj, 290.
, Beajh on the Alountains of
Peru, 232.
BeaHs in Accadia, 307.
Beef in Accadia, . 287.
Belle /yl#, 160.
Bevers, Account of them, 291 .
Huts built by them, 192,
Trees cut and carry* d, and
Dams made by them^
293.
Bipjop o/Syp.ianto, 319'
Bleeding in India, 87.
Bones broken, how cu d in
Accadia, 311.
Books of Brama, of the Cre-
ationt of Morality, Mnd of
Sacrifices, 1 7*
Of the Law in India, 1 24.
Bourbon River, 262.
Frozen over, 270.
Brachmans,4 Fraud of theirs
39.
Difcover^d, 41 .
Again, 43 •
Their Purification and Ma*
lice, !I3.
Their fuferfiitious F/auds,
Pride, Obftinacy, and Ig'
norance, 114.
More of them J 111.
Bra ma the fame as Abra-
. ham, ' 10.
Was the Indian Law-giver.
\6.
An Indian God, ic8.
Burials qf the M OXOS, 237.
Bufiards in Accadia, a88.
Butter, how made in India.
'150.
Button'^
fiuttoi
Cariboi
Carnati
Cattie . 1
fhe ft
. Jn A
Ceremon
Gtrevtm
.8.1
Certjfic,
, fiom )
Charity .
Slaves
In oth
Tohv
charms 1
Cheat in
Chief it? i
' , him.iy
Children
Chinefes,
them/el
others,
lleirl
Their
307.
2^7'
250.
291.
292.
, and
them^
319.
87.
d in
311.
y Gri-
nd of
17.
; >24«
262.
270.
■theirs
39.
41.
43.
d Ma"
!I3.
¥audsj
ind Jg^
1 14.
122.
Abra-
10.
'giver*
16.
108.
, 237-
288.
India.
The I Nn> E XT
Buttony ^4»<//. 2(Ji.
'1^
.ok \^
32^.
.Oh \\ •'/ ■ . ■ ■<»^«"
>*ycrs, Greek A/«&ii|
v.-flax.iieou-fou City in Oil-
■ ^ iV '.--.-vwS liijnA
<^-i^oas Tefeis. 15^,
Caribous Beafts^s%s\\ r'-ajfld
Carj3atc-^///tiWf^ ,«2i
C«?//r . tiKSttcA kht Land df
the MoxoSi '.-;•> 24tf-
Ja Accadia. 285.
Ceremony^ ri^icuHdus, 45 1
Cerevicttiiiamgtfgthe Mdxo^
Certjfiir,.f^ 1 1'» : "RtVQurofM^f" '
Caarity of Ijidups r^wwifx
/» ofV ReffcBs. . J51&
To. Brachmansi ui . 11 tl
0/Apc«dians^»O/«f i^rtfc
CWiw/ «/V ;» Curej, "57.
Cifeff*^ w Buher, 1,501
C/>/>/ «:• Accadia, w^rtf#«»r ef
' , him. 29a
Children marry^d. nj,,
Chinefes, rJbfir G>w<?/> <jf
themfelves and Com em ft of
others. ,80.
Iheir Tofitivenefs. 181.
7^*/> y»B>4r</ Corruption,
183.
2 2
f "
- FaB down hfinn. the M^^ >
• of the New Church m
^ China, 2^2*.
ChoUck, and if V Caw, i t^a^
_r^ ^'*»fdy aga,yffi it^ 8.5,
ChR'-hnen ^xfak^ ma j?i-
T^f 5f4 opens for him*- 1 ^,
Chrifiianity commended fyi
y^he EraperorandBrince of
•cChina, 'j^ \\ f . \ t ^ ■ 20S.
^^'V">D' ^/ l»'^ Miracles in.
ofndia, ^' i.^o.
eijirdK m GHif^^dercrih^d^
■"'^' ,'■■'■ 'J i'P9.
0ihrek baU'O amoni . th^
• Moxos, 245.
'^^jiKother, ,i'>hM\ 'V i-V 247:*
Church Cove^iimei^MT\^t*
Q^mifts in India. rP^fako
Gri-f «;»r//ii,;^i/^^^,j^j,|^^ ,2.
Cirioman»/W^i«^/; v' .;i48.
C»/ici i» India »MCfc». : it i .
a/w^f,. at Hudfon's Bay.
- ---J. •.:--.■ ■. ,ii.V.X73i
Cobra Capelo Serpent. ^6.
Cold Sharp h the Country of
''^the Uoxm: \^ , 232.
Coioran ^/t/erli jv g^[
Confejfton, • it *m\ v > \ 23.*
Conjurers and their Cures a-
mong the Moxos. 234,
and 238.
Conjuring in Accadia. 30 1 .
C(/»
ijptracy
The INV E X'
Conf^lrjtey ngkhift m MifftO'
»er, .'.t..u) ^.i<\ ^\\ 112.
Confiancy of Cowottts^ ^4.
ConfielUttons «/ J ndia. 1 1 9« '
Omvirts mTttdiay their Po^>
.^r.
*•. -N,.
ThtirCoaJijimy^ . ^4-
4^ortf 0/ rJbe.ti. 130, and
C&kn in India^ > vVr * I2i»>
Cofercmonijius M:aris, 247
Counampaty Miffion^ tfo.
CoHtiter^feiiiig '•/ If sing ppi
fefid, iO.
Coutrry vffrtftd ty Maho-J
metans, 103.
€omtry in. Chk^ m»'^r
. , f Bcy 220 •
Cfjotion of Man^ ,n • . <?•
Cwre^ 0/ a. grange Dijiemptr. in
India, .:ji>;i: V v 83-
. ' : of other. Mijhi^^rur. i% i i
. Fpr all.HMHsiib Miudhi
Qt^ams of Chinefe Ladies^
,0/ .r.v>i;v^>?. olscf" ■) I il'84.
• They j}^ 4k only the ^eCU'*
. s , l(/<?r Language of their
,~:'- province j, < //?«/r Conver*
:.fton not to be yelfd on^
-;.,a
DAncing cf Accadians,
-■'.■~» ..S;) ;, ,309^
Dangerous Pojiure of Ships^
■■■:.- ■ :3 uoi-uo'^i' 166.
Dafleiis honour Vicbaou,
,«.> .-A '} ' '> ;!pc. 141.^
DavisV JJlandi^ -vi rt a6ir
Danphin ^jvtfr, ' 281.'
Deafnefs and it's Cure, 151.'
Decency thferv'd by Accadi-
ans, 305.
Deferts inCUui^ « , 177*
Devils deliver Oraetes in
India, 28.
.ExpeU^d by Chtiftians, 48.
. B^at the / zsid\zvi%^ 316.
Dexnrity tf/4» Indian Prima
^'^inijier^ j6o.
*}i%e tofiapA Rih/er^ 98.
Dihs made by Sever f^ 293.
Difiitvirers . of Thefts^ 33.
Difiovery of tht Brachmans
. frtsnd^ ..^ - ■ vi •.-••;4i,
Dijtemper^ a {Grange one in
I ndia, and it's (Sir^^ ^s^
Diftempers and Cures w In-
dia, 151.
Divination by Dreams^ 35.
Drink of the Maxos, 234.
Drowned Perfons how roco'
ver^d, 313.
Ducking, 278.
Dying in India, 149.
E
• L I
E
Tbc IN D E X
idians,
Shspsn
cbQou,
a5K
281.'
■p. 151.
\ccadi'
305.
177*
28.
ans, 43.
s, 315.
n Prim^
60,
^> 98.
rf, 293-
^ 33.
ichmans
41.
f one in
w, 83.
?i r» In-
wjj 35-
234.
r9C0'
313.
278.
149.
E
E^r^^w Wart of India,
149.
Ediffes firetcld by Brach-
mans, 1 1 7.
Elks J 290.
im^vor of China Hn4eteh''d
- ' 155.
< J^^ Bounty^ 157.
BisEldtHSon, 155.
' C7>w« tfvw <i»i re€ovn*d
hy a ]t£\Xil^ 159
Encourages the luilding of
4 Chriftian CWc/;, 1981
' //>* extraordinnry Good-
tie fs, 210.
Bis great €harity^ lit,
ETn^oyments of the MOJfOs,
* • •23<^.
Englifh Settlemem at Hud-
fonV 54y, 255.
7^e> take the French Fort^
258.
Entertainment in Accadia,
£(qaino3 Indi^as^ 318.
Eueharilf^ fomething like it^
--•^^■- J 22.
EvHuchy the firff belonging
to the Prince of China,
203.
ExLTo^egini defttis^d wfndia,
i^^ff// ^y Indians, 105.
<-3
Exceffive Cold at Kud{bn'$
^>i 274.
ExcemmHmjBa^ioTi^amongjffea'
ihens, 145.,
Exhalations^ • ■— - * « 1 07,
Exffofttion of Ifldidrt iVbf/>»j
concerning God and other
Deities^ a^
Fjible about ConfefoH\
F/f//i»f Sicknefs cur^dj 3 1 4.
Famine among the French ^
HudfonV J?^, 255.
^<f /?j of I ndia ns , - 78;
Frnr o/^w Indian PWwff, 5>a.
Feafting in Accadia, 297,
f '- ifwrf 300.
Rr^ 0/ Chinefe Ladies very
' //»4/?, :. i84*
Figures on the Bodies and
/w« 0/ Accadians, 307,
Fire perpffHMl, 15,
Fifhvery delicate^ 279.
F^^ «> Accadia, 288.
■Flood of Noah and his
Arky"^ >" ' ^":' '-^ 8,
Fhvsers^ odd EfeB of feme in
India, ' 87.
Food of the Moxds, 234.
FoiU in Accadia, 288.
Fraud of \ndhnPrieftSf 39.
Difcover*d, 41.
Another^ 43.
French
The 1 N P E X.
French 4trNHudfon'/ Bayi
258.
^ In Accadia irjgtniom. i&/\.
- //lAcc^dia,^ y.' 29s>'
C"^ Adrayans Indians^ 248,
J Gavrip?«rf, 329.
Gemils in India /^^^f Euro-
peans, ■ 105.
Geography, Chinefes ignorant
of it J 1 80.
Gin-fcng, CWnefe PUnt,
it*s Vtrtms, 2i\»
Sndden Oferation, wonder'
fulEffeBs^ 215.
Vs'd infieiad of Tea^ in
,|., what Quantity j how
boil% 217.
Where it grows j Chinefes
not tp gather it ^ 2 1 8.
, IVorth it* s Weight iff Silr
, .yVer, manner of gathering
ih 2I5<.
v; Hardfbips endured by the
Gatherers *, ri;* jRoof j the
Stent J . 220.
Branches^ Leaves, Frnit,
221.
iCs Age how known, 22:?^.
Flower, other Rmarks ', Fa-
ble ofit^ ■ " 2^3,
Number of Branches ««-
certain; Height, Root^
Name ; grows not in Chi-
. , ' na, and, how cur* d, 2.1^
Cold and Silver Mines i^
the Jfland o/ ^phanto^
319.
Goldjmiths in India, 1481.
Government of the Mogoly
,••.^! 104.
. None among //;e ■ Moxos,
-■• .:;\i .233.
Fftablijh^d among th^m,
.u»iK>[ . 245.
Greek Monks, 3,26.
Grindfl ones in \nd\a, 149.
Grummet whipped for a Wind^
. - 278.
Guardian (^ods Eight, 109.
Gums in the Coftntry of the
; Moxos, 234.
H.: ..
H4^»> •/ Accadians,'
Hsemorrhagia, or Bleeding
at the I^ofey.^C, and it^s
/. Curet:^^\J,Yi^,(^' •■• -151.
Ha/ls by a Chinefe Churchy
[fH^rtdierafts i» Incjia e?ccel'
lent, I4^i,
.Hi^res in Accadia, 285.
Head Ach and iis Cure,
-^ ' ■■ ■■' \5^
Herbs
>hantOi^
319.
148.
Mogoly
104.
Moxos,
^33-
> 149.
278.
, 109.
of the
134«
adians,'
30($.
Heeding
md it^s
151.
Churchy
199.
, e^cel'
I4t
285.
The I N D E X
I
jy^r^/ »V India, 122.
In Accadia, 28^.
Hereditary Prince of China
fufpeBedf 155.
Reft or' d^ 16 j.
Uifiory of Indky 123.
Honefly of Convert Sf 229
Hofpitality of Accadiaiis,
^ . . 3.C3.
Houfehold' Idols, 6H.
Hudfon difcovers the Bay of
his Name^ 255,
Ni^ives of the Country (ji^ -
fcrib'd^ 272.
T/i/e Climate^ 273.
ExceJJive Cold there ^ 2 74,
W^7^ ^^«/, 275.
Hunting among the Savages
in Accadia, 239.
Huts made by Sever s^ 292.
I
I
BervilIe(Monfieur de) his
Brother kill' d^ . 265.
Ice^ Mountains of it ^ 260.
Idolatry of Indians, a Cor-
ruption cf the Scripture^
2.
Tr^^eeedsfranf^ Poetry^ 107
Idc'smov*dby Devils^ -44I
^efcrib^d, 188
jQimtsfint tofarvey China,
22«>*
Jewilh Cuftoms among juidi-
sns, "14.
Z
Ignorance of Indians as to
Bleedings 87.
Of Brachmans, ^14.
Of Chiiiefesfw Geography^
Of Gr^QkPrieffs^ 333.
Immortality of the Soul ksf
liev*dky (he. Moxos, 240.
Incarnation^ how rfprefemcd
by Indians,^; . ,^ ,22.
Indians no j4theiHs\ thir
Notions of (jod and other
I)eitieSy
Formerly worfupp^d 0?>^
God J 4.
Their Notions of t'je Tri'
nity, , 21.
Not to be difputcd TPith\
but hov? man/tg'dj $6.
Opprefs d by Mahometans,
103.
Their Miferable Conditi-
on^ y 104.
JllloTpd their DiflinEiion of
Ra^es^ I05»
Hate Europjans, ibidn
Their gs>od Qualifies y lc6.
Theii- Religion , 107.
The Learned gram One
God, 109.
122.
Their Qua! hit;
244.
Taught tr
i>Lve/i*l Nations of them,
271,;
Tnfamy of taking another
Miifi's ii'lfe^ . ^4.
4 Inhabitants
i
The INDEX.
hh/thitdftts cf Syphanto,
319.
Jnfcrifttotts in China, 1 74.
Jn a Chincfe Houfe, 190.
Jnfalence of Indian Pemtfttts^
92.
Ittflance of Chriftians cau-
fing Orachi toceafe^ j^6,
uinbther^ 47.
Of a Manjlarine in Chi-
na, 182.
Joymng of torn Muflin^ jtnd
broken Clafs^ &C. 1 48.
Irrefolute Indians, 130.
Ifaac, an Indian Paraliel of
his Sacrifice^ II.
Jfands divided among Mif-
ftoners^ 157.
fuglevs in Accadia, 3 1 4.
Jiiflice how adminifer d in
India, 105.
K
King in India J^etjy J,
108.
KnovoUdge -of Accadians,
310.
KricKs Indians^ 27 r.
LaTcehoumi refemhUs Mi-
riam, 18.
ZangHage of China^ l8f.
LaCm Kites f ^ii.
Latitudf how taken in Tltdia^
Law givfn on a Mountain^
17.
Law among B-ohlhrSy 1 27.
Lex TalionJs, ibid^,
Lientcrh, Loo fenefsy 151,
Lights appearing pnthe Sea^
made by the Ship's Wjiy in
theWat^r^ 1 92.
Lin'.e }» India, 150.
Love of Children among In-
dians, 49.
MAhometans opprefs the
Indians, ^d are
Enemies to Chriftians,
103.
Malice of Brachmans, 1 11 .
Mandarines in China hard
to te Converted^ 181.
Marian Iflands^ 155.
Marriages of the Moxos,
237i
In Accadia, 295.
Means us'd for Converting of
T2ople^ 228.
Medicines growipg in th
CoMntry of the Moxos,
235.
Megrim and it*s Cure^ 151.
Mines (Lcs) Town in Acca-
dia, 282.
>^
^Himsters
The I N P E X.
trntairiy
17.
127.
he Sea^
WJty in
192.
150.
mg In-
49.
181.
Moxos^
^y^.
295.
ning of
22S.
in th
Moxos,
235.
, 15s.
Acca-
282,
'i
Minifterr in Chitia /w>^V
Mlnifters of the MotOS, 2^8.
Mfcamsges proeur^d by Wo-
men in Accadia, 297
Miferits «/ Indians, IO4.
Mijfion anew one^ 61,
//* tb Penfflfulii<>f liidk,
102.
That Hf Qf nate, ihid,
Miffioners^ their Employments
It
One Jfaultedf 1 35.
Moderation of the Talavay,
agreat Maninlndih* 95.
Moguls hi^ Giivtrnment J io^,
Monafleries in SyphantOjjaO
^t Androsj 331.
Moon worfhiffdy \6l,
MoYalityy Indian Book of
tt^ - 17.
Morals </ Indians, 1 1 o
MordeChim, a ftntnge Di-
ftemper^ 83.
Mofes, a Paramofhifft, 12*
Moulin (dui) X/^pr, 281.
Mountains and Dejerts in
China, 177.
Moxos, a Pt0plc «/ America',
230.
Their Country Jhdded and
excefftve hotj '->^*f'^23I.
Their Coni;erfiof^j''^'y 242.
Taught Arts 4nd Trades^
fftilt^tvdi (ff C/i^d^^^'^^'M^
Mur dtr committtd^ ' ^5^.
Mufick in Chfiia, 201;
Mujlitt extreme fine, 148.
Muttofi in Accadia, 287.
, . N
NAngan G'/y,. /» China,
'-•♦'• , 177.
Nations i» India, 122
OfSaVa^eSy ^|<j.
Nicobar IJlands, ,51.
i^OaWs Flood and Ark, 8.
Northern Nations of Ame-
rica, 275.
Notions of God and other Dei»
ties among the Indians,
3» *tnd 134.
Expofition of them ^ 4,
Of the Trinity f 21.
0/ Accadians ridiculous^
303.
-^i»«/,» Sypbanto, 320.
O
OCorome ^e^/?, 232.
Opening of a New
Church in China, 201.
Oracles deliver'd by Devils in
India, 28.
Ceafe when Chriflians are
prefent, ^^^
Otkamentsof the Moxos mofi-
firoHSy 235.
Oritaois Indians, 317.
Oxen in India, ^< ;;i49.
The INDEX.
PAinting of a Church in
China, 203
Paradifey 6
Farias, 4 eo>jtemptible Race of
Indians, 88
Tarijhes in Sy^hantOy 319
Fariridgesj 2S5
Peking City in China, 227
ftnlttms in I ndia Cheat Sy g i
Their Jfnjolencey . 9:^
Tenticcj afirange ane^ 1 49
Ferfecutionsy 6Sy and 66
Perffeiiive not known by the
ChinefeSy 200
Hyftck in India, 123
Not vs^d among the Moxos,
2.34
fhyficiam of \vi!^\2iy 150
Pien, a Scepevy 203
Tteafure Houfe of the Emperor
ef China, 227
foetry Caufe ef Idolatry .^ 1 07
Polygamy among the Moxos,
237
V9puUui Country in, China,
228
fort Royaly now Anapplis in
Acradia, 280
Tower of Converts in India, $0
Preferment by Merit in Ac-
cadia, 29S
Pretended Converty 71
Pride and Obfiinacy o/Brach-
liians, 114
Priefily FunlHom fold, 322
Pried s or others toffefs'd. io
(T
Priefis of the MoxoS, 238
Prince of Catalour, relieved
by a Miffionety 92
Prince 0/ China, hisGoodnefs^
. 2Q5
Provifion for Poor in China,
PHnifhment for Defrauding
the King in India, 93
Of Officers inCtiiTiZy 168
Pnrgey '.^h/^ 153
PHrification of Brachmans,
•Q. • ■:itm'5lp\-
^alities 0/ Indians jfw//,
RAinbowSy , isf6
Hains in India, 98
Raman like Sampfbn, 20
Refieaious. ufeful to qltrifii^
anityy ,^^<>^^t,*.\ 3
Religion <^f India, '167
Of the Moxos, 2^7
Of the Natives of Hiidfon'/
Religious Solemnity among the
MoxoSv " * 239
RemarJkofa Converty 79
Remedy agairfi a firange JDi-
fitmfer in India, calld
Mordcchim, 83
Jt^ainfi the Cholicky 85
Refemblance of Man with God
^oots
how expoHJtdedy
!
Ifittjtiifit/iticm
"Mi^^l^Mp Ei^.
•^
»IL
t 238
relieved
92
China,
^v 213
tMudin^
93
I,. 168
;hmans,
iq6,
r' . 20
i'?A\t3
*\3
. ^517
.udfonV
90/;^ tht
239
^/ 79
f C4Ud
83
1. 85
7i$hGod
^*«/«Indiaj )i,jjAV> 12^
^#xfer«« China /w, 4rt4 dftn^
■ gtrpHs^ i ^^178
r <>r«;er/ A^.«rc 'Very.^nat^ ib.
, Two tf//?er/ ?i?f*,. . . '225
jobber Sy a Race of them,
' ' I2yandi6
Cannot be fubdu'd by the
Roof of 4 Q!H?^V:in qfiloa,
,•-' ,'200
^flflfj i» Accadiii, ; ,285
Scruple made about Worlk by
a Jefuit liic to prove fa-
•J -tv
SAcrifice of a S^ep^ '14
Refembles the P,4f:kal
'^Lamb, . ,0 ^^:'y:^S
Sacrificfj^a Boohpftheni^ 1 7
Safeguards of Idolaters againfi
Devils\ ,;. . -^ ,i8<y
-Sf- Jolija'jf Fort M Ac<^M^h^
_ . -V-' ' .-,. /,\TN..,,i:. ,298
^*. JohnV ^jwyfi V;s :v3;i(f
^^Te^efa'J J^wr,V> >>2<y2
Sarafvadi, the fames' S^xz\
10
Siuteurs /ff^/^w, 317
Seem of Accadians 3 1 o
Scepter what vfe put to in
China, /' 210
44-, -"^ • - 20i
&4/j, or Sea-Wolves^ 284
5er^ffffr /« Paradifey 7
Serpents worffftpp'd^ 15
Serpho -(/(^W, 32$
Siiaka /-^^f, 32!
%«/ 0/ r/?^ Zodiack how di-
vided, up
Sidoti ^^W goes to Japan,
158
5f f afhore there, j 50
5^**^0/ Indian Phyficians, 150
5(0// ^4^ /« the Country of the
Moxo$, 232
Speaking by Signs in Accadia,
5^^ec» of a Mijfioner to an
Indian King, ja
Spiritual Government at Ser-
Pho, 325
Statics tnonfirous, 38
5fory o/4« Indian pojjfefs'd, 3 1
Ofdifcovefing a Thefts 34
Strange Cuflom, 127
5//-(>»^ W^<«ferj <?/ India, 1 48
Sugar Mills i» India, 14^
Sugar of the Sycomore Tree^
2S9
Superfiitious Frauds o/Brach-
nians, 1 1^
Sweating of Accadians, 3 1 1
Smne in Accadia, 287
Syphanto /fand^ 319
the J'N J> E X
.t 'i'iu'n.^.
TAlavay,4» Indian ^rr^f
Man his Moderation^ ^^
Tan jaour, the King of^ 40
Tapacurcs Indians^ 251
1'htfts difeoverU hf the De^
thief how fcitnd amhng tHa^
fiifpeaed, 34
•fhetmh J/land, -^^^ Bil
Tomh jich and Cure^ 1 52
7^jr» <i»^ ViRage of Sefpho,
32s
Toys of IdelaterSf 1 87
Trade ip China "z;^/?. 178
Trades taught the Moxos, 245
Tranfmigration ofSouls, no
Treafure hidden^ flolefty 42
Tree of Ltfe^ 7
Trees cut and carried by Be*
versy 293
Tribes from Brama, 9r Abra-
ham, 10
Trinity Tovm httilt, 244
Tryal of the Condition of Pa*
tients, 151
Tuntuh made by DafRriSj 142
Vejfels in CMna Ul buii^ i\gf
ViSlory^ a com float ontj^ 59
Vnity ef (^d' mtHntOtndfy a
Brachman, «^* -x -^u ^p
Voices of AcczdAaktk'godd^ 308
Voyage of KV^VVt^ 155
V fury an Obflacle to, i^ Con'
wrfionofCh\nek$, iSi
Jnjlanei in a Merehoftt^i 83
w
i^'i;iJ>^
u
^,.v^^
Wj4rs of the MoXOS, i ^6
/>/Accadia, 301
Walking like Baptifm^ 22
Watermen 4>f India, I49
Way^ a nevf one a crofs the
Mountains of Peru, 251
Ways to gain Barbarians.^ 243
Weaverfinladiaj 148
Widowhood comemftibU^ 1 1 1
Wife jor the Godsy » '^«'> ibid
Wild Foul At Hudfon*> Bay^
Wild Notions of the Stats, 1 18
Witfdi viotem in ln6h\ -^i
Wives bought and foldy
W&men in Accadia,* '
W^ks of fhe Deifilr, '
Worjhip of AccMatn,
Writing iftlndn^ :i«>"^^'
171
360
302
.*X TEdan,f^ff Indian tam^
Vermin in the Country of the
M0XOS5 " 232
Vertigo and it*s Curey i 5 1
\ -T :'U
»«>j
z
Odiaciy how dividfdby
rfce Indians, 118
Books
HT" '5?
odd-) 3o8
'aheCan-
I, tSi
!f4/rf.! 83
jcos, i3«^
• 2^
149
I, 251
afJSy 243
\ V- 148
bUy III
.,v« ibid
275
frfj'/, ! 1 8
riru
171
360
302
Ift3
118
Books
BtH)^sPri9p;idJ^^^ Robert Gofling:.
1
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Affairs, from the fMppofed Expedition of Br^ tp this
Ifland, to the Reign of K. jAtnes i. Publifli'd irdih his
Origmal Manufcript ^ with fome Account of his Ufe and
Wntings, by Wiii Ten, Efq^ Governor oi PMfv^ni^,
and a Preface by Jam^s VirHaood M. i>. Fd'io, prite 1 2 u
Charafters, or the Manners of the Age, with the Mo-
rai Charafter of Tl^eo;^r4/iri/j, tranfl^ted from t^t Greek.
To which is prefix'd, an Account pfhis Life and Writings,
by Monf. de U Brmere, made %//# by fevetal Hands,
The Bfth Edition, 1 o which is added an Original Chapter
of the manner of living with gi eat Men, and fome of the
moft eminent Charaders of the Court, Army, C^r. of
Creat-E, itain^ price 6 s,
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