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WORKS PUBLISHED BY JEREMIAH HOW. 
 
 In Quarto, elegantly printed, with coloured borders, Price One Guinea, 
 
 LAYS AND LEGENDS, 
 
 intultratifie of englUb ILtfe. 
 By CAMILLA TOULMIN. 
 
 With Twenty-seven Engravings on Steel, after Paintings by the most eminent Artistji, 
 and Fifty Woodcuts. Bound in a novel and beautiful style. 
 
 In Two Volumes, small ito. Price One Guinea each, 
 
 THE BOOK OF BRITISH BALLADS, 
 
 Edited by S. C. HALL, F.S.A. 
 
 Chevy Chase, 
 The Children in the Wood, 
 The Blind Beggar, 
 Robin Hood, 
 
 This beautiful work, in its completed form, consists of nearly Four Hundred Wood 
 Engravings, illustrating upwards of Sixty of the choicest British Ballads, comprising, among 
 others. 
 
 The Not Browne Maid, Kino Estmere, 
 
 The Heir of Linne, The Birth of Saint 
 
 Sir Lancelot Du Lake, George, 
 
 Sir Andrew Barton, Sir Cauline, 
 
 and other ancient Compositions, mingled with the modern Ballad-Poems of 
 
 Genevieve, Ruth, Glenfinlas, &c. &c. 
 selected chiefly from the Collections of 
 
 Percy, Ritson, Scott, Jamieson, Herd, 
 
 Evans, Pilkington, Motherwell, Buchan, and others, 
 
 by whom they have been gathered with so much industry and care ; and, also, from sources 
 completely unexplored by the general reader. The illustrations liave been engraved in 
 nearly all instances by the most eminent British wood-engravers, from drawings by 
 Herbert, A.R.A., E. Corlwuld, Tenniel, Townsend, 
 
 Redgrave, A.R.A., Scott, Selous, Sibson, 
 
 Creswick, A.R.A., M'lan, Pickersgill, Dadd, 
 
 Franklin, Ward, Paton, Brine, 
 
 Frith, K. Meadows, Joy, Fairholt, 
 
 Warren, Gilbert, Mrs. M'lan, Weigall. 
 
 A few copies on India paper mounted. Price £3 3«. each volume. 
 
 In Quarto, the Second Edition, with several Illustrations, Price One Guinea, 
 elegantly bound and gilt, 
 
 n^ 
 
 THE OLD FOREST RANGER; 
 
 Or, Wild Sports of India, on the Neilgherry Hills, in the Jungles, and on the Plains. 
 
 By captain WALTER CAMPBELL, of Sku-nkss, 
 Late of the Seventh Royal Fusileers. 
 
WOUKS PUBLISHED BY J. HOW. 
 
 In the Press, in Imperial Octavo, with above 100 Engravings, 
 
 WANDERINGS OF A PEN AND PENCIL THROUGH THE MIDLAND 
 
 COUNTIES OF ENGLAND. 
 
 By F. PALMKR and ALFRED CROWQUILL. 
 
 /« Three Vohimes, Imperial Octavo, containing Fifty Laiuhcape Illustrations, and Maps 
 of the several Counties, on Steel, and above Five Hundred IVmut Engravings, Price 
 Four Pounds, elegantly bound in cloth, 
 
 IRELAND, 
 
 ITS SCENERY, CHARACTER, &c. &c. 
 
 By JIr. and Mks. S. C. HALL. 
 
 Tliis work, being now complete, is recoinnicndcd to all wlio desire ncquaintanre with 
 Treliind. lii testimony of its impartiality, the Publisher refers to the recorded opinions of 
 the several leading Journals of England and Scotland of all parties ; more especially to 
 those of the two great political organs, after the volumes were l)rought to a close : — 
 
 " M.iiiy buoks and pamplilets have been written, since the bc;;innMi^ of tlie pieseiit century, in regard to 
 the social, moral, and physical condition of Ireland ; but generally those works have resulted I'roni me<litatioD 
 in the closet rather than from actual observation of the country and its inhabitants. Most of them, too, liave 
 been composed for party purposes ur party objects ; and, if we except a few books of an historic character, 
 and one or two others limited to particular subjects, there w,is, till the appearance of the volumes before 
 us hardly a single work, within our knowledge, relating to Ireland, which we should be inclined to praise 
 for its moderation, accuracy, and impartiality. The book presents us with a Iwdy of facts relating to 
 i'iie sister kingdom, which, being the result of personal observation and investigation, ought at this moment 
 to command the attentive consideration of all who are interested in its welfare ard prosperity. Written in a 
 spirit of great moderation, although not entirely free from political bias, the work evinces throughout a desire to 
 exiiibit things as they really are, and to extend e(|ual-handc justice to all parties and to all sects. The 
 work abounds with illustrations, which arc beautifully executed ; and the sketches of national character with 
 which it is inters|ierscd will afford ample amusement to those who would, without them, have perhaps but 
 little inclination tu peruse the more valuable portions of the work." — TVmro, Oct. 12. 1843. 
 
 " The must popular work on the beauties and characteristics of Ireland, as a whole, which has appeared 
 for many years l>as been brought to a close. For its impartiality and truthfulness the two editors have been 
 more than once complimented by persons of every party ; and the same distinguishing features which marked 
 the early numbers have been preserved to the very close. Partisans may difTer from the concluuons at which 
 Mr. and Mrs. Hall have arrived, but no one will venture to say that either the lady or her husband have 
 misstated or misrepresented anything." — Mnrning Chronicle, Nov. 10. 1841. 
 
 In Two Volumes, Price 14». cloth, 
 
 HIGH LIFE m NEW YORK. 
 
 By JONATHAN SLICK, Esq. 
 
 " How Jonathan Slick went to see Madame Celeste, and Ms opinions tliervn, and how Fanny Elssler 
 sought him, and his opinions of her, will amuse the reader who seeks them, in these volumes. How, at a 
 milliner's Jonathan mistook a pair of French coruti fur a side-saddle — and a capital tale of a milliner which 
 he tells amid some other records of the sorrows of milliner life — are, also, worth referring to at the lame 
 lource." — Alhenaum. 
 
 " If this is not Sam Slick under a new prasnomen, it is a capital imitation." — Spectator. 
 
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 A BRIEF N A 11 R A T I V E 
 
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 THE SHIPWRECK 
 
 THE TRANSPORT "PREMIER," 
 
 NKAU THE JIOUTH OF THE KIVEll ST. LAWUEXCE, 
 On niE 4tii ^lOVKUUKit, 1843, 
 
 HAVING OX r.OAKD THE HEAD-dUARTER WING OF THE SECOND RATTAMON 
 OF THE FIRST OR ROYAL REGIMENT, 
 
 I'ROCKKDINO KKOM NOltTlI AMEIUCA TO THE WKST l.NKItS. 
 
 ILLUSTRAVKD WrrU SEVEHAI. ENCiltAVIXGS FROM SKKTOIIKS MM>3 ON THE STOT. 
 
 BV 
 
 GEORGE R. DARTXKLL. 
 
 THE DRAWINGS IN LITHOTINT BY J. A. IIAHMEUSLKY. 
 
 LONDON: PUBLISHED BY JEREMIAH HOW, i;52. FLEET STREET. 
 
 1845. 
 
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 London : 
 
 Printed hy A. SporriswoonE, 
 
 Ncw-Street-Square. 
 
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 TO 
 GENERAL THE RIGHT HONOURABLE 
 
 SIR GEORGE MURRAY, G.C.B. & G.C.H. 
 
 GOVERNOR OF FORT GEORGE, 
 
 MASTER-GENERAL OF THE ORDNANCE, 
 
 COLONEL OF THE FIRST, OR " THE ROYAL," REGIMENT OF FOOT, 
 
 THIS NARRATIVE 
 
 18 RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED 
 BT 
 
 THE AUTHOR. 
 
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LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 No. of 
 Copiet. 
 
 Thomas T. Adams, Ksq., Anagurra, County of Limerick 
 
 AdolphuB, Dr., 4th Dragoon Guards 
 
 ('apUin Ainslie, 83rd Regiment 
 
 Reverend W. Airey, Hexham Abbey, Northumberland 
 
 Thomas Akinson, M. D., StafF Surgeon, 2nd Class 
 
 Capuin Sir James Alexander, 14th Regiment 
 
 Lady Alexander - - - - ' 
 
 Lieutenant Anderson, S.'Jrd Regiment - 
 
 Messrs. Armour and Ramsay, Montreal - 
 
 Major General Sir Richard Armstrong, K. C. B. 
 
 John Atkinson, Esq., Newbiggin Hall, Northumberland 
 
 l^ieutenant Austen, 83rd Regiment 
 
 Ensign Aytoun, Royal Regiment 
 
 Deputy Assistant Commissary General IJailey 
 
 Dr. Hartley, Surgeon, Ist Royal Dragoons 
 
 Ensign Barton, Royal Regiment 
 
 Edward Bawtree, Esq., Assistant Staff Surgeon 
 
 Captain Bayfield, Royal Navy 
 
 Lord Charles Beauclerck 
 
 Captain Beaufoy, Enniskillen 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Bell, Royal Regiment 
 
 M^jor Bennett, ditto 
 
 Mrs. Bennett, ditto 
 
 George Latham Bennett, Esq., Gleneefy, County of Limerick 
 
 Edward Bernard, Esq., Limerick - 
 
 Lord Bexley, Footscray, Kent 
 
 Ensign Bidgood, Royal Regiment 
 
 W. Birrell, Esq., Suff Surgeon, Ist Class 
 
 Francis Bowen, Esq., Quebec 
 
 Mrs. Henry Boyd, Mountjoy Square, Dublin 
 
 Mrs. Alexander Boyd, Ballycastle, Antrim 
 
 Captain the Honourable R. G. Boyle, Coldstream Guards 
 
I 
 
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 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 Alderman J. Boyse, Limerick . . . 
 
 John Boyse, jun., Esq., ditto 
 
 C.-ptoin Boxer, C. B., Royal Navy 
 
 E. Bradford, Esq., Surgeon, 23Td Royal Welsh Fusiliers 
 
 Cardinal Brewster, Esq., Stanway Hall, Colchester - 
 
 Lieutenant F. T. Brock, 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers 
 
 Thomas Brooke, Esq., Lough Esk, County of Donegal 
 
 S, Brooksbank, Esq., the Hermiage, Northumberland 
 
 Miss Brooksbank, Haarlaugh Hall, Yorkshire 
 
 R. Brough Esq., 83rd Regiment ... 
 
 Captain Brown, ditto .... 
 
 (Captain T. Byrne, Royal Regiment . - . 
 
 Mrs. H. Bushby, London .... 
 
 Sir Henry Caldwell, Quebec ... 
 
 Archibald Campbell, Esq., ditto . . . 
 
 Lieutenant Campbell, 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers . 
 
 Mr. Carey, bookseller, Quebec 
 
 Assistant Surgeon Carte, 1 4th Regiment 
 
 John Chambers, Esq., Dublin . - - • 
 
 Colonel Chaplin, Coldstream Guards - - . 
 
 The Chisholm, 79. South Audley Street - 
 
 Reverend E. M. Clarke, Lifford, Donegal 
 
 Dr. J. Clarke, K. H., Blackhei th 
 
 The Venerable the Archdeacon of Clogher 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Clitherow, Coldstream Guards - 
 
 Major Cochran, 41st Welsh Infantry ... 
 
 James Cochran, Esq., Croghan House, Donegal 
 
 Honourable W. Cochran, Q. C, Quebec 
 
 Lieutenant Lygon Cocks, Coldstream Guards 
 
 Sir William Cockburn, Bart., Bath ... 
 
 Honourable Henry A. Cole, M. P., Florence Court, Fermanagh 
 
 Captain Coleman, 14th Regiment . . - 
 
 Dr. Collier, Fitzroy Square, London _ - . 
 
 Lieutenant Connolly, 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers - 
 
 Captain Cooper, Royal Regiment ... 
 
 William Corry, Esq., Enniskillen 
 
 No. of 
 Copicji. 
 
 
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 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 IX 
 
 No. i>f 
 Copies. 
 
 Dr. Crawford, Montreal . - . , 
 
 A. J. Baker Creswell, Esq., M. P.. of Creswell, Northumberland 
 Mr8. Crookenden, Cheltenham ... 
 
 Lieutenant Cross, 68th Light Infantry . . - 
 
 Ensign Crowe, S.Srd Regiment . . . , 
 
 Captain D' Alton, Sard Regiment 
 
 Deputy Assistant Commissary General Darling 
 
 George Dartnell, Esq., Limerick ... 
 
 Edward Taylor Dartnell, Esq., Bayswater 
 
 Nelson Dartnell, Esq., 4th (King's Own) Regiment 
 
 Admiral Sir Salisbury Davenport, C. B., K. C. H. - 
 
 Captain Davenport, Royal Regiment - • 
 
 Mrs. W. Davenport, Davenport House, VVorfleld, Wolverhampton 
 
 Mt^or Daveny, Royal Regiment 
 
 Reverend J. B. Deane, Finsbury Circus, London 
 
 Ensign Deane, Royal Regiment 
 
 Mrs. General Despard, Mulgrave House, Fulham - 
 
 Charles Dickinson Esq., Upper Leeson Street, Dulilin 
 
 Miss Dickinson - - . , - 
 
 Honourable R. Dickson, Niagara 
 
 Dr. Samuel Dickson, Bolton Street, Piccadilly 
 
 Lieutenant Dowse, 14th Regiment 
 
 Dr. Robert Dyce, Aberdeen . - - - 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Elliott, Commanding Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment 
 
 William Elliott, Esq., Strabane, Tyrone 
 
 Captain Elrington, Coldstream Guards - 
 
 Colonel Evcrard, C. B., Commanding I4th Regiment 
 
 Dr. Fisher L. L. D., Quebec . - - - 
 
 David Fitzgerald, Esq., Limerick 
 
 Lieutenant the Honourable A. C. H. Fitzroy, Coldstrean- Guards^ 
 John Folds, Esq., Dublin . . - - 
 
 Captain Gardiner, 82nd Regiment 
 
 Garrison Metlical Library, Barbadoes 
 
 The Misses Gascoigne, Spa Hill, County of Limeritk 
 
 - 10 
 
 
 
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 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 2 
 
 No. of 
 Copies. 
 
 The Worshipful the Mayor of Limerick, Geary, Esq. - 
 
 Charles Geddes, Esq., Montreal 
 
 C. Gettings, Esq., Quebec . - . - 
 
 F. Giddings, Esq., Ordnance Storekeeper, Enniskillen 
 
 Captain Going, Royal Regiment 
 
 Theodore Gordon, M. D., Inspector General of Hospitals 
 
 Lieutenant Gore, Royal Regiment . . - 
 
 Major Graham, ditto .... 
 
 Reverend William Graham, Arthwick, Northumberland 
 
 Mrs. Grant, the Knoll, Neath, S. W. - 
 
 Augustus Grant, Esq., London ... 
 
 Mrs. Grant, Portman Square, London - 
 
 H. F. Grant, Esq., tlie Knoll, Kent 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Gray, Royal Artillery 
 
 Captain Granville, 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers 
 
 Dr. Greer, Lifford, County of Donegal . . - 
 
 Captain Griffin, Deputy Assistant Adjutant General, Canada - 
 
 Lord Viscount Guillamore, Caher Guillamore, County of Limerick 
 
 Lieutenant Hall, 1 4th Regiment ... 
 
 Captain John Harris, 24th Regiment 
 
 J. Harrison, Esq., Excise, London - - - 
 
 Lieutenant Hatton, Royal Regiment ... 
 
 Captain Hawkins, ditto .... 
 
 Lieutenant Henderson, Royal Engineers - - - 
 
 Richard Hobart, M. D., Kilfinnane, County of Limerick 
 
 Major General Sir James Hope, K. C. B. 
 
 Captain Hope, A. D. C. - 
 
 W. T. Hoskin, M. D., Royal Regiment 
 
 Captain Ingall, Deputy Assistant Quarter Master General, Canada 
 Dr. Johnston, 71st Highland Light Infantry 
 
 Kemble, Esq., Quebec . . - - 
 
 Captain Kennedy, 68th Light Infantry ... 
 T. W. Kennedy, Esq., Gloucester Terrace, Dublin - 
 Reverend J. King, Liilbrd, County of Donegal 
 Captain Kirkland, Coldstream Guards ... 
 
LIST OF SUBSCRIBEBS. 
 
 XI 
 
 No. of 
 Copies. 
 
 Mrs. Kitchener, 79. South Audley Street, London - 
 Reverend E. H. D. Knox, Kilflyn Glebe, County of Limerick - 
 Alexander Knox, Esq., Staff Surgeon, 2nd Class 
 
 Reverend F. Laing, the Mythe, Tewkesbury 
 
 Miyor Law, 83rd Regiment - - - - 
 
 Reverend J. Lawson, Buckminster ... 
 
 Mr. Le Lievre, Quebec . . . - 
 
 Captain Lloyd, 83rd Regiment ... 
 
 William Lorimer, Esq., 24th Regiment ... 
 
 Colonel Love, K. H. 
 
 Mrs, Love _ - . . . 
 
 Captain Lysons, 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers 
 
 Leutenant Mackay, Royal Artillery ... 
 
 The Right Honourable Holt Mackenzie - 
 
 Miss Mackenzie, Doun Terrace, Edinburgh 
 
 Reverend George Mackie, Quebec - - - 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Macklachlan, Royal Artillery - 
 
 Dr. Mair, Staff Surgeon, 2nd Class 
 
 John Maitland, Esq., Surgeon, Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment 
 
 The Hon. Mrs. Maitland . . - . 
 
 Mrs. Maltby, Bath .... 
 
 Reverend S. Marindin, Shanks House, Somersetehire 
 
 Captun Marindin, Royal Regiment - - - 
 
 Mrs. Marindin, Chesterton, Wolverhampton 
 
 Ensign Marriott, Royal Regiment . . - 
 
 Captain Marsh, 24th Regiment . . . 
 
 Captain Mayne, A. D. C. - 
 
 Mrs. Mayne . . . . . 
 
 G. M'Clure, Esq., 89th R«giment 
 
 Mr. M'CuUoch, Quebec - . . - 
 
 John M'Mahon, Esq., Fir Grove, County Limerick 
 
 James M'Mahon, Esq., Limerick . . . 
 
 Captain Mein, Royal Regiment . . - 
 
 Lieutenant Menzies, Royal Engineers ... 
 
 J. Millar, Esq., Surgeon, 43rd Light Infantry 
 
 Assistant Commissary General Milllkin, 
 
 Ensign Mobray, Royal Regiment 
 
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 XII 
 
 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 The Lord Bishop of Montreal .... 
 
 Thomas Morony, junior, Esq., Miltown, Malbay, County Clare 
 
 Thomas C. Morris, Esq. . . - . . 
 
 William Morris, Esq. ..... 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Mountain, commanding Sfith Cameronians - 
 
 Ensign Mountain, ditto . - - . 
 
 Armine W. Mountain, Esq., University College, Oxford 
 
 Captain Muller, Royal Regiment .... 
 
 Dr. Murphy, Kilfinnane, County Limerick ... 
 
 General the Right Honourable Sir George Murray, G. C. B., G. C. H. 
 Sir George Musgrave, Baronet, Edenhall, Cumberland 
 
 John Nash, Esq., Toronto . . - - . 
 
 Ensign Naylor, 83rd Regiment . . . - 
 
 Lieutenant Newland, Royal Regiment .... 
 J. F. Nivison, Esq., Staff Surgeon, 2nd Class ... 
 
 Ensign the Honourable H. L. Noel, 6'8th Light Infantry 
 
 J. O'Connell, Esq., Kilfinnane, County Limerick ... 
 Officers' Library, 1 4th Regiment - . . . 
 
 Ditto ditto, 24th Regiment ..... 
 J. C Flaherty, Esq., Dublin . - - - . 
 
 R. J. O' Flaherty, Esq., Staff Surgeon, 2nd Class - 
 AViUiam Oliver, Esq., Spring Lodge, County Limerick 
 Captain Howard A. Ormsby, Royal Regiment 
 
 C. Oxley, Esq., Ripon, Yorkshire .... 
 
 Mrs. Oxley ...... 
 
 Lieutenant Parker, Royal Regiment .... 
 
 Capt. Parkinson, 68th Light Infantry .... 
 
 William Patton, Esq., Quebec . . - . 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Lord William Paulet, commanding 68th Light Infantry 
 
 Captain Lord Frederick Paulet, Coldstream Guards 
 
 Captain Percival, ditto .... 
 
 Captain Pinkney, 73rd Regiment .... 
 
 Sir James Pitcairn, Cork ..... 
 
 George Piatt, Esq., Montreal 
 
 Mrs. Piatt ...... 
 
 No. of 
 Copies. 
 
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 4 
 
 
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 LIST OF 8UBSCKIBEKS. 
 
 XUl 
 
 No. of 
 Copies. 
 
 Captain the Honourable C. D. Plunket, Royal Regiment 
 Lieutenant Colonel Pritchard, Assistant Adjutant General, Canada 
 
 Captain Raymond, Royal Regiment ... 
 
 Lieutenant Reader, ditto . - - - 
 
 Lieutenant Rhodes, 68th Light Infantry 
 
 Mrs. Colonel Richardson, Cheltenham - . - 
 
 Ensign Rivers, Royal Regiment ... 
 
 George Robertson, M. D., Surgeon, Royal Regiment 
 
 John Ross, Esq., Quebec - . - - 
 
 Miss Rushout . - - - - 
 
 Miss Harriet Rushout - . - - 
 
 James Guthrie Russell, Esq., Dublin ... 
 
 John James Russell, U. D., Surgeon, 36th Regiment 
 
 Mr. Sache, Commissariat Department, Quebec 
 
 Major Rocheford Scott, 73rd Regiment - 
 
 The Serjeant-Major, and 13 Serjeants, Royal Regiment 
 
 Mr. Sheriff Sewell, Quebec . - - - 
 
 Dr. James Sewell, ditto . . - - 
 
 P. A. Shannon, Esq., Limerick - - - 
 
 Lieutenant Sharpe, Royal Regiment - - - 
 
 Dr. Shortt, Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals 
 
 James Sinclair, Esq., Holy Hill, County Tyrone - 
 
 William Sinclair, Esq., Broomfleld, County Donegal 
 
 Dr. Skey, Regent Street, London - - - 
 
 Dr. William Skeys, Dundrum, Dublin - - - 
 
 Dr. Thomas Smith, Staff Surgeon, Ist Class 
 
 Captain Robert Smith, Dundrum, Dublin 
 
 Dr. Alexander Smith, Staff Surgeon, 2nd Class 
 
 William Smith, Esq., Surgeon, 64th Regiment 
 
 Mrs. Smith, Gallany, County Donegal - 
 
 Lieutenant Somervillc, Carbineers 
 
 Captain St. Aubyn, 83rd Regiment - - - 
 
 Mrs. Henry Stewart, Tyrcallen, County Donegal - 
 
 Mrs. William Stewart, Killendharra, ditto 
 
 Ensign H. Stewart, 68th Regiment 
 
 Ensign F. C. Stuart, ditto . - - - 
 
 
 - 14 
 
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 V' 
 
 
 
 XIV 
 
 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 Reverend B. Stirling, Gardner Place, Dublin 
 
 M^or Stoyte, 24th Regiment 
 
 Captain Stubbeman, 83rd Regiment 
 
 Migor Swinburne, ditto . - - - 
 
 M^or Temple, Quebec .... 
 
 Reverend P. Thornton, Brock Hall, Lancashire 
 
 Sir Matthew J. Tierney, Baronet, London 
 
 Miss Tierney - - - - - 
 
 Edward Tierney, Esq., Dublin ... 
 
 Captain Tierney, Coldstream Guards . - - 
 
 Lieutenant Tipping, 68th Light Infantry 
 
 Andrew Todd, Esq., Buncrana, Londonderry 
 
 Captain Torrens, 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers 
 
 Major Townsend, 83rd Regiment . - - 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Trydell, commanding 83rd Regiment 
 
 Reverend Dr. Vansittart, White Watham, Berkshire 
 Lieutenant Vansittart, Royal Regiment - - - 
 
 Reverend W. J. D. Waddilove, Beacon Grange, Northumberland 
 
 Miss Waddilove, Thorpe, Ripon, Yorkshire 
 
 Ensign Waddilove, Royal Regiment ... 
 
 Mrs. Wallace, Boulogne-sur-Mer ... 
 
 M^or Warburton, Bheamore, Clojordan 
 
 George Warde, Esq., 25. Portman Street, Clifton - 
 
 Reverend H. Wastell, Newborough, Yorkshire 
 
 Lieutenant Webster, Royal Regiment ... 
 
 Lieutenant Wells, ditto . . . - 
 
 Reverend John West, Herbert Place, Dublin 
 
 Colonel Wetherall, C. B., Deputy Ac\jutant General, Canada - 
 
 Lieutenant Wetherall, Royal Regiment - . - 
 
 Major General Sir George Whitmore, K. C. H. - 
 
 Lady Whitmore . - - . - 
 
 Lieutenant Whitmore, Royal Regiment • 
 
 William Lechemere Whitmore, Esq. ... 
 
 Charles F. Whitmore, Esq. - - . . 
 
 Captain Charles Whyte, Wexford 
 
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 LIST OF 8UB8CB1BER8. 
 
 Reverend W, N. Willis, Limerick 
 Captain Willoughby, 23rd Royal Webh Fusiliers - 
 Lieutenant Windham, Royal Regiment - - - 
 
 Reverend George Wren, Rilfinnane Glebe, County Limerick - 
 Lieutenant Wynne, 68th Light Infantry 
 
 Captain Wynyard, Deputy Assistant Adjutant General, Canada 
 Admiral Sir John West, K. C. B.- 
 Mr. Yarwooil, Quebec . . - - 
 John Young, Esq., Dorset Street, Dublin 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Plomer Young, Assistant Adjutant General, Canada 
 F. T. Young, Esq., Shottesbrook, Kent . 
 
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 THE 
 
 WRECK OF THE "PREMIER." 
 
 The calamities of shipwreck have often been experienced by soldiers of the British 
 army, in traversing the seas from one colony to another; but it has seldom, perhaps 
 never, been recorded, that of so large a number of persons as there were in the 
 " Premier," of both sexes and of all ages, every soul was spared to return thanks for a 
 merciful, and almost miraculous, preservation from most imminent peril. This truly 
 gratifying circumstance must be mainly ascribed, under Divine Providence, to the cool 
 and admirable conduct of the troops; their perfect and steady discipline, and ready 
 obedience to the orders of their superiors, creditable alike to the corps, and to the service 
 in general, and strikingly illustrative of the value and the protecting influence of order 
 and discipline in the hour of danger. 
 
 No army in the world is so much exposed as ours to " perils by sea and perils 
 by land ; " to hardships, privations, and difficulties, little dreamt of by " those who 
 live at home at ease." Such as are engaged in the horrors of war, or in active campaigns 
 in foreign lands, receive at all times the deepest and sincerest sympathies of their coun- 
 trymen at home; but it is far less generally known or thought of, how much the 
 British soldier has to contend against in " piping times of peace " — long, painful, and 
 distant separation from country, family, and friends ; now fainting under the exhausting 
 heats of a tropical sun, now trembling amid the rigours of a northern winter ; at one 
 
 
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 time facing grim-visagcd death in the varied forms of appalling disease in the Tropics, 
 or exposed to the terrors of shipwreck in crowded transports, to the hurricanes and tor- 
 nadoes of meridian, or the snow-storms of northern, latitudes. With reference, how- 
 ever, to the transport of our troops by sea, it is but justice to the Government to admit, 
 that, in this respect, a vast improvement has taken place of late years : the transports and 
 troop-ships now provided are of a much superior description to the wretched craft in use 
 a few years ago ; while much has been effected towards securing the comfort and safety 
 of both officers and soldiers, in their long and wearisome voyages to and from their 
 native country. 
 
 The second battalion of the Royals left England for North America in the summer of 
 1836 ; and, after serving in various parts of Canada for seven years, received orders, in 
 the month of September, 1843, to proceed to Quebec for embarkation to the West 
 Indies, there to complete its period of foreign service. Three other corps — the 23d, 
 71st, and 85th — had a similar route at the same time ; and it yet remains to be proved, 
 how far this change may be judicious, and what effect the sudden transition from the 
 climate of Canada to that of the West Indies, is likely to have on the health of the 
 troops. The cold bracing air of Canada, by the reverse change, has been found to act 
 most beneficially on constitutions debilitated by the Tropics ; but this retrograde move- 
 ment is an experiment, and it will be interesting and important to watch the result 
 
 The Royals, at the period above alluded to, were stationed at Toronto, in Western 
 Canada: the left wing of the regiment, under command of Captain Muller, quitted 
 immediately for Quebec, and sailed, about the end of September, for Barbadocs, where 
 it arrived in safety after an ordinary passage. The right or head-quarter wing, under 
 Major Bennett, started, to pursue the same route, in the month following; leaving 
 Toronto on the 9th of October, in one of the Ontario steamers, for Kingston — 180 
 miles — where it arrived next morning. A delay of some hours occurred here, the 
 steamer destined for our conveyance down the rapids not being in port; but before 
 
 

 evening we were again under way, in the only available boat at hand — a small 
 schooner-rigged steamer, with an Ericsson propeller, vulgarly denominated a " puffer." 
 On board this little craft (the accommodation in which was sufficiently scanty and miser- 
 able) were embarked all the officers and a portion of the men, the remainder being 
 crowded into two large bateaux, to be towed alongside. 
 
 Hitherto, in proceeding to, as well as from, the Lower Province, the troops have all 
 been forwarded by way of the Rideau Canal ; but, a few small steamers having been 
 built, on mercantile speculation, of small draught of water, expressly for navigating 
 the rapids of the St. Lawrence, with a view to expedition and economy, the regiments 
 proceeding down this year have all been sent by this new route — an experiment that, 
 if repeated, it is feared by many, will result, sooner or later, in some wholesale cata- 
 strophe. It is true that time and expense arc both saved by this rapid mode of convey- 
 ance, which may do very well for insurable goods ; but to huddle a mass of powerless 
 human beings into small boats, and whirl them, with the speed of lightning, down 
 these fearful rapids, seems " a clean tempting o' Providence." 
 
 The Upper Rapids — the Cascades, the Cedars, and the Long Sault — have for many 
 
 Dcicent of tho Lnng Sault Rapid. 
 
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 years past been navigated by bark canoes and large bateaux, and latterly even by steam- 
 ers, witli comparatively little risk ; but the Lower or La Chine Rapid, until the year 
 1843, has never, I believe, been shot, except by Indians or other adventurous individuals. 
 
 Thitf magnificent rapid (over which flows, it will be recollected, the waters of six 
 of the largest freshwater lakes in the world) is by far the grandest of the St. Law 
 rence rapids, though of less extent than some of the others, its length probably not 
 exceeding a mile or a mile and a half; but the slope is so precipitous, and the bed of 
 the river so rugged, and broken by ledges and masses of rock, that the headlong rush 
 of the stream, and fury of the foaming waters, are appalling to look on. Though the 
 river is wide, the channel, or navigable part, is winding, narrow, and intricate ; and 
 the pilot should be thoroughly acquainted with its course, and possessed of great 
 nerve and presence of mind: from the moment he enters the rapid, he is whirled 
 along with such fearful velocity, that he has not an instant for reflection; and one 
 touch upon a rock hurls the vessel, and all on board her, to instant and inevitable 
 destruction. ' 
 
 On our approach to the head of the La Chine Rapid, the two bateaux were cast 
 adrift, and left each to the independent guidance of an Indian pilot, the captain 
 of the " puffer " not daring to take the three vessels together through so narrow and 
 dangerous a passage : the officers of companies, too, left the steamer, to take up their 
 stations in the bateaux of their respective companies, and share the fortune, what- 
 ever it might be, of. their men. Up to this point the two boats were firmly lashed, 
 one on either side, to the little steamer; but the moment the lashings were let go, 
 they fell astern, in the smooth water, at the head of the broken stream; and, as we 
 looked forward at the " hell gate" we were just entering, and looked backwards at the 
 two helpless barks from which we were about to fly, it seemed as though we were 
 meanly deserting our companions, and abandoning them to certain destruction. Here 
 oars and sails are alike unavailing ; the boat is swept along by the force of the current 
 
 
WBECK oj^ THE " PREUIEB. 
 
 alono; the hclmaman guides lur, as he iicitt can, iii/ud^h the centre of the rushing 
 stream ; and, besides his, every arm id useless and inactive : should a rock be struck, 
 every soul on board must perish — the otrong Hwimmer, as woll as the feeble infant; 
 — no power can save from such a gulf, but One I 
 
 Those on the main deck of the steamer were ordered tu stow themselves away amid- 
 ships, and remain i)erfcctly quiet ; and the officers, and a few others who were allowed 
 to keep the upper deck, were obliged to lay themselves at full length, in order that there 
 should be nothing to obstruct the view of the man at the wheel, nor any risk run of 
 being jerked or washed overboard. The pilot (a fine intelligent-looking Indian) seized the 
 helm with a powerful grasp ; his dark eye became fixed, and lighted up with unwonted 
 fire; and even his imperturbable countenance showed that the whole powers of his 
 mind, as well as those of his body, were concentrated on the one all-absorbing point. 
 We now entered the boiling rapid, and were instantly swept onwards at a pace, com- 
 pared to which the utmost speed of a railroad seemed as nothing ; and the two bateaux 
 quickly followed in the same impetuous career. But I shall not attempt any detailed 
 description of this thrillingly exciting and most magnificent scene, hoping that the 
 accompanying Print may convey a more accurate idea of it than I can hope to do by 
 mere words. 
 
 We watched not only the progress of our own little craft, but that of the two 
 bateaux, with intense and breathless interest ; losing sight, now and then, of one of the 
 boats, as she disappeared for a moment behind the crest of some foaming wave, or 
 became lost in a cloud of spray. 
 
 About half-way down the rapid we passed the wreck of a large boat that (having 
 lost the channel) had been driven, a day or two before, upon the end of a rocky 
 islet, fortunately somewhat out of the force of the current. A party of Indians had 
 contrived to reach her, in their bark canoes, and were endeavouring to save some of the 
 barrels of flour which composed her cargo. 
 
 tim- 
 
 

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 !•; 
 
 AVRECK OF THE " PBEMIEB." 
 
 The wild rush, the uncontrolled fury, of the waters, white with foam, or dashed into 
 columns of spray against contending rocks, showed the extreme peril of our course ; the 
 inevitable destruction that must follow the slightest collision of the vessel ; the utter 
 fruitlessness of any efforts of ours, in the event of an accident ; and the insignificance of 
 man's works, when placed in comparison with those of the Creator, on a scale of such 
 magnitude and grandeur. 
 
 I have since heard this singular and beautiful scene likened, not inaptly, by a lady 
 who had witnessed it, to "a storm in a calm" — below are the wild and foaming 
 billows of a tempest-tost sea, while above all is quiet, serene, and tranquil. 
 
 We reached Montreal in safety, the second day from Kingston *, and Quebec the day 
 following, taking up temporary quarters in the Jesuit Barrack. About ten days after 
 thisj the " Premier " transport arrived, after a quick ^vifsage from England, for our 
 conveyance to the West Indies. She was a barque-rigged vessel of 500 tons burden, 
 remarkably well-built, strong, and beautifully modelleu, but, as some naval men 
 thought, somewhat over-masted. She had a great quantity of provisions and other 
 government stores on board, was soundly rigged, and well foun<l in every requisite, 
 except the essential one of a crew : the men who came out in her nearly all deserted on 
 their arrival, and the master and transport agents were compelled to ship such hands in 
 their stead as they could pick up about the wharfs of Quebec ; and a more worthless 
 or ruffianly set could hardly be found on board any British vessel. With exception of 
 the carpenter, and one or two others of the old hands, there was not a regular " salt " 
 or true " tar " on board. The captain also quitted her at Quebec, to take charge of 
 some other vessel, and the command devolved on the chief mate, Mr. New. 
 
 On the 28th of October, the right wing and head-quarters of " the Royals " marched 
 from their barracks, for embarkation, in high health and spirits, preceded by the bands 
 
 * The llidcau route would have occupied about six days. 
 
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 of the 68th and 82d regiments; and many were the ominous dreams and warning 
 prognostics of old women that were afterwards foretold of the direful fate in store 
 for the unlucky Boyals. In consequence of strict orders from the Horse Guards, no 
 more than the regulated number of women were allowed to accompany their husbands, 
 and many a destitute wife and child were left behind. A few of these unhappy 
 creatures succeeded in smuggling themselves on board during the confusion ; but they 
 were soon detected in their hiding-places, and, however they might have deplored their 
 apparently cruel fate at the time, had ample reason subsequently to congratulate 
 themselves on the failure of their enterprise. 
 
 The total number of persons embarked was about 350, including officers, men, 
 women, and children, and the officers and crew of the vessel. The officers who 
 embarked were Major Bennett commanding, Captain Davenport, Lieutenant and 
 Adjutant Wetherall, Lieutenant Whitmore, acting paymaster. Lieutenants Lysons, 
 Gore, and Vansittart, Ensign Waddilove, and Surgeon Dartnell; besides Lieutenant 
 Harris, 11. N., transport agent, and the master, Captain New. The only lady of 
 our little party was Mrs. Bennett, whose heroic and patient conduct, throughout the 
 whole of the trying scene of the subsequent shipwreck, was the theme of universal 
 admiration. 
 
 Two days were allowed for stowing away and securing the baggage, laying in stock, 
 and shaking the men into their berths : the bustle and confusion of the crowded decks 
 in some measure subsided, and on the afternoon of the Slst, the "Premier" loosed her 
 topsails, took her pilot on board, and weighed anchor from the harbour of Quebec *, 
 dropping gently down with the ebb tide and a light breeze from the westward. 
 
 The navigation of the St. Lawrence is at all times attended with danger, from the 
 intricacy of its channels, its numerous reefs and shoals, and from the sluggishness and 
 
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 uncertain variation of the compass ; but these perils are greatly increased, at the 
 commencement of the winter, by the gales which frequently prevail at this season ; the 
 fogs, and snow-storms, and strong currents, which, from being powerfully acted upon 
 by the winds, are so irregular in their force, as well as their direction, as seldom to be 
 calculated upon with accuracy. Innumerable accidents, accordingly, occur annually to 
 the late "fall" shipping in this noble but dangerous river. During the month in 
 which the "Premier" was lost, no less than nine merchant vessels were wrecked upon 
 its shores, with considerable loss of life and property. The marine insurance, I believe, 
 on vessels navigating the St. Lawrence, is null and void after the 31st of October; and 
 no ship of war is allowed to enter the river after this date. 
 
 The first three or four days after sailing were passed without any incident worth 
 remarking ; the weather, though particularly cold for the season of the year, was 
 
 ' Premier ** n£f Hare Island. 
 
 tolerably fine and moderate, but the prospect dreary in the extreme ; the land on both 
 sides of the river white with snow ; the low and cultivated fields of the south, as well as 
 the bleak and rugged mountains of Labrador on the north shore. We had a comfortable 
 ship, however, an abundant and excellent stock of provisions and stores of all kinds ; all 
 
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 WRECK OF THE " PBEMIEK. 
 
 were contented and cheerful ; and we consoled ourselves with the comforting assurance 
 that a few days of favourable wind would exchange our snow and ice for the genial 
 warmth of a summer sun. 
 
 "We reached Green Island, 160 miles from Quebec, on the morning of the 3d of 
 November ; and here (instead of accompanying us to Bic Island, about 50 miles farther 
 down, as he should have done) the pilot took his leave, hoping, no doubt, as the wind 
 was fair, and we could hold a straight course, that we should have passed the last 
 dangerous parts of the river within daylight. The wind continued to blow fresh from 
 north-west all day, with occasional falls of snow, coming down now and then in heavy 
 gusts and squalls, from the gorges of the Labrador Mountains ; but the captdn, 
 naturally anxious to clear the St. Lawrence as speedily as possible, " cracked on" with 
 all the sail he could carry, and all on board were elated with the rapidity of our 
 progress, and the prospect of an early release from cold and dreary weather. In the 
 evening, by way of enlivening the scene, and infusing something of mirth and gaiety 
 through the ship. Lieutenant Wliitmore — the Orpheus of our party — assembled some 
 20 or 30 of the regimental singers on the poop, where they sang " The days that we 
 went gipsying," the " Lincolnshire Poachers," and a few other popular glees, in their 
 usual admirable style. After passing the lighthouse on Bic Island (wliich we did about 
 three o'clock in the afternoon) the course steered was east by north, Captain New 
 intending to make the light on Point des Monts — the northern boundary of the river's 
 mouth, — and there "stand away" with a flowing sheet, if the wind held direct for 
 Anticosti. Owing to the thickness of the weather, however, this land-mark was not 
 seen ; and after running, as was calculated by the reckoning, within five miles of Point 
 des Monts, the ship's course was changed to cast half south, thus making, as it proved, an 
 insufficient allowance for the force of the southerly current, which, though set down in 
 the best charts as running at an average rate of a mile and a half an hour, ie known 
 frequently to set towards the opposite shore, during strong northerly gales, with a force 
 
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of five or six knots an hour, as it certainly did with us, and as we were afterwards 
 assured must have been the case by the fishermen at Cape Chatte. This may, in some 
 measure at least, accoimt for the disaster that befel the " Premier," without attaching as 
 much blame to the master as has been done by some. In further extenuation of 
 Captain New, I may add, that a merchant vessel which left Quebec with us was lost 
 the same night, under almost precisely similar circumstances : the captun (an old 
 experienced mariner, who was then making his five-and -twentieth voyage of the St. 
 Lawrence) steered the same course that we did for Point des Monts; was equally 
 unsuccessful, owing to the thickness of the weather, in sighting the lighthouse on that 
 headland ; and, from thence, steered east by south, (half a point, be it remembered, 
 farther south than we did,) and was, in consequence, driven ashore by the northerly 
 current two miles higher up. Like us, he had no previous warning of his danger, and 
 his ship drove right on shore amongst the breakers, and went to pieces before daylight ; 
 the officers and crew providentially escaping with their lives by swinging themselves 
 from the rigging to the rocks. 
 
 As night came on the wind freshened to a gale and drew ahead, a double reef was 
 taken in the topsails, the yards were braced forward, and, instead of running free with 
 the wind on the quarter or abeam, as we had been doing for some hours previously, we 
 were soon close-hauled, as sailors say, " on a taut bowline." At ten o'clock the lights 
 were dowsed as usual, except one in the cuddy, and the officers, all but the one on 
 duty, retired for the night to their cabins. Between decks all was still and silent, the 
 watch alone remained on deck ; the night was thick, dark, and dreary, and the soldiers 
 in their great coats, the sailors in their " sou'-westers " and pea-jackets, stowed 
 themselves away behind the weather bulwarks, amongst the booms, and wherever else 
 they could obtain must shelter ; and even the " look-out " on the forecastle (one of the 
 unsainted worthies shipped at Quebec), as was afterwards ascertained, actually sneaked 
 off unobserved to his berth. In this unpardonable dereliction of duty, and breach of a 
 
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 M.I 
 
 WRECK OF THE " PREMIEB." 
 
 11 
 
 most responsible trust, strange as it may appear, there was something, perhaps, after all, 
 
 that was providential ; for (to anticipate a little) I may state, that had the man on the 
 
 look-out given warning of approaching danger, he could not possibly have done so many 
 
 minutes before we actually struck, owing to the thick driving of the snow, and the 
 
 darkness of the night ; and had the ship then been put about, instead of running as 
 
 she did into a sandy bay, she must inevitably have driven headlong on the reef of rocks 
 
 that forms the eastern boundary of the bay, and have gone to pieces before morning. 
 
 The captain, too anxious, as may be supposed, to sleep, remained on deck, occasionally 
 
 consulting the charts which lay spread out on the cuddy table, and superintending the 
 
 steering of the ship, which was found to be attended with more than ordinary difficulty 
 
 owing to the sluggishness of the compass. To whatever cause this extraordinary 
 
 circumstance might have been owing, the binnacle compass of the " Premier," from the 
 
 time we left Quebec, required the constant attendance of a boy, whose duty it was to 
 
 keep it in a state of activity, by tappmg the box every now and then with the finger. 
 
 In this state were matters on board the transport, when, about three hours after 
 
 midnight, and while running at the rate of five or six knots an hour, she suddenly 
 
 struck the ground with fearful violence. This blow roused me from a sound sleep ; and 
 
 my first impression, or rather hope, was, that the dreadful concussion was caused by the 
 
 letting go of the anchor and chain cable, or the strikmg of some heavy sea — a delusion 
 
 that unhappily was speedily dispelled ; one or two still more formidable shocks quickly 
 
 followed, and D. and I (who occupied the same cabin) were almost flung from our 
 
 berths, and rushed instantly on deck, where we encountered a scene of confusion and 
 
 dismay that can more easily be imagined than described. A heavy gale was blowing, 
 
 with thick driving snow, the night intensely dark, the sea running mountain high, and 
 
 bursting in floods over the decks; the ship plunged and laboured dreadfully, as if 
 
 struggling like an ensnared animal to free herself, but in vain, her bottom violently 
 
 striking against the ground with a most frightful and indescribable sensation, and the 
 
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 sails slatting, with thundering sound, against the bending masts, whilst the shrieks of 
 the women and children mingled with the howlings of the wind. 
 
 Our actual position at this time could not be ascertained; and the three hours of 
 total darkness that followed seemed a century of anxiety and appalling suspense. 
 The captain, I believe, suspected where we were ; but no one else had the remotest 
 idea whether we had struck on the north or the south shore of the St. Lawrence, on 
 the island of Anticosti, towards which we had been steering, on a rock, a reef, or 
 on a sand-bank. Blue lights were burned, and signal guns fired, though with great 
 difficulty, owing to the plunging of the gun under water, and the want of a proper 
 match, a substitute for which was at length found in a lighted cigar ; and there soon 
 appearing no chance of succour, or any possibility of getting the ship afloat again, 
 the dangerous expedient of cutting away the masts was determined on, fearing, from 
 the heavy rolling and labouring of the vessel, increased by the top-weight of the 
 masts, that she should heel over on her beam-ends, or break up in her present 
 berth before morning. The decks were accordingly cleared of all whose assistance 
 was not required ; and, with the aid of saws and axes, the fore and main masts were 
 speedily cut away, and went over the side with a tremendous crash. This hazardous 
 work was performed by a party of the soldiers*, under the direction and aid of the 
 officers of the ship, the carpenter, and one or two of the old seamen. 
 
 The cutting away of the masts is always a moment of critical danger and anxiety, 
 lest their falling to windward should cause the ship to settle over in that direction, 
 thereby exposing her decks, instead of her side, to be swept by every coming sea. 
 They fell to leeward, however, and fortunately without the occurrence of any personal 
 accident, notwithstanding the crowded state of the decks and the profound darkness 
 of the night. 
 
 * Amongst these a grenadier of the name of Moore was conspicuous, and was afterwards promoted for 
 his general good conduct and gallant behaviour. 
 
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 Most of the officers, many of the boys of the bund, and a few of the sergeants' 
 wives and their children, congregated in tl>c cuddy, where the swinging lamp was 
 kept lighting as long as possible : but here, as elsewhere, the sea constantly burst in 
 through the side ports ; the furniture got adrift from its lashings ; and men, women, 
 and children, tables, chairs, boxes, stove-pii)cs, and sundry other loose articles, were 
 often washed, efi viasse, from side to side of the cabin. Those on deck were of course 
 still worse off, — drenched to the skin with every sea that bi'okc over the ship, 
 exposed, most of them half-naked, to the " pelting of the pitiless storm," and Hung 
 every now and then, by some sudden and heavy lurch, into the lee scuppers, from 
 whence they were dragged, half drowned, by their comrades. 
 
 Long-wishcd-for morning broke at length ; and, as the shades of darkness rolled 
 away, we were cheered by the sight of land under our lee — joyful relief from the 
 anxious dread and suspense of the past three hours I Our situation, however, was 
 still exceedingly critical, and perilous in the extreme. The ship was making water 
 rapidly, and the hold filling so fast, that it was feared the main deck, where so many 
 luckless creatures were now crowded, would ere long burst upwards ; and as her back 
 was thought to be broken, and the sea still breaking incessantly over her, it was not 
 known how soon she might part asunder. The snow had in a great measure ceased 
 to fall, and the wind was beginning in some degree to moderate ; but the scene was 
 wild and desolate as can well be imagined: heavy masses of broken clouds were 
 driving across the sky ; a tremendous sea, black and crested with foam, rolled in from 
 the ocean ; the sea-birds shrieked as they wheeled and circled above our heads ; and 
 our "devoted bark," dismantled and dismasted, lay bedded in the sand, and buffeted 
 by every wave, surrounded by the fragments of her masts and yards, still clinging, 
 by the tangled rigging, to the ruined hull.* Peering anxiously towards the shore, 
 
 Sec Plate II. 
 
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 9i 
 
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 in the grey light of the morning, wc discerned a few fishermen's huts along the strand, 
 and some six or eight solitary individuals sheltering themselves from the storm behind 
 the stumps of up-torn trees, and gazing at the wreck, but unable to render any assist- 
 ance. Some large fishing-boats were hauled up on the beach, one or more of which 
 we confidently expected would speedily be launched to our aid; but seeing, after a 
 while, that the poor habitans had evidently no intention of any thing of the kind, 
 we immediately set them down either as a heartless and pusillanimous set, who 
 dreaded the risk of a wetting, or as a party of banded wreckers, gloating on the 
 prize so unexpectedly cost into their net, and waiting quietly for the elements to 
 complete the work of destruction ere they greedily pounced upon their prey. But, 
 as the dim and uncertain light of early dawn gave way to the clear light of day, 
 we soon became aware of the fearful, almost impassable, barrier that lay between 
 them and us — a tremendous and overwhelming surf, that, like the celebrated surf of 
 the Coromandel coast, rolled, in three successive billows, on the strand. We could 
 distinctly see these " combers," as sailors call them, rising like black and liquid walls, 
 each succeeding one still higher than the other, bending, curling over, till the lengthen- 
 ing line bursts upon the beach with thundering sound, and gushes, in a sheet of snow- 
 white foam, far upon the shelving sand. 
 
 " The billows float in order to the shore ; 
 The wave behind rolls on the wave before." 
 
 So perilous was our situation on board the " Premier," that, dangerous as this surf 
 appeared to be, and indeed as it really was, there was hardly, perhaps, one on board 
 who would not gladly have encountered it, slender as was the hope, in one of our 
 small boats, of passing it in safety: and bleak and cheerless as was the barren and 
 snowy prospect on shore, what would not every being have given to be able, at this 
 
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 moment, to exchange the ship, where all had been so comfortable and happy but a 
 few short hours before, for even this desolate and inhospitable-looking coast? 
 
 Several hours were lost in devising plans to get a rope on shore: the life-buoy 
 was first thrown overboard with a rope attached to it; this was followed by water 
 casks, &c: all drove slowly towards the land, before the wind; but no sooner did 
 the buoy and casks enter the surf than they were dashed to pieces. The two small 
 quarter boats were next lowered, but they were almost instantly stove in and 
 disabled alongside. At length the ship's launch was manned with great difficulty, 
 and Lieutenant Lysons and the chief mate, with a crew of four men, at the 
 imminent peril of their lives, made an attempt to establish the communication. After 
 disentangling themselves from the broken spars and masts that still hung about the 
 ship's side, they pulled steadily towards the shore, but the rope they took with them 
 not being " paid out " quick enough from the " Premier," they were compelled to 
 throw it overboard to save themselves from being swamped. The next moment they 
 were within the surf: twice were they lost to view for a moment, and twice we saw 
 them poised in air, high upon the crested wave : the first and second combers 
 were passed in safety; but neglecting, or being unable, to keep the boat's head 
 straight to the shore, the next instant she was struck by the last overwhelming wall 
 and capsized, and officers and men engulphed in the roaring billow. It is impossible 
 to describe the thrill of horror that ran through the ship on witnessing this fearful 
 accident ; and little indeed did we expect ever to see any one of the poor fellows rescued 
 from a " watery grave : " yet was the merciful arm of Him " who stilleth the raging 
 of the sea," even in this extremity, outstretched to save them; the coming wave 
 swept them to the shore, and they were dragged upon the beach, ere the recoil 
 could wash them baok again, almost in a state of insensibility, by a few friendly 
 fishermen. 
 
 The failure of this, ahuost our lust apparent hope of comnumicating with the 
 
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 I' 
 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 WRECK OF THE " PREMIER." 
 
 shore, was a sad damper to the spirits of those on board the wreck ; nor did they 
 derive much consolation or encouragement from the following little incident. On 
 the beach, and nearly abreast of the ship, lay the root and stump of a large up-torn 
 tree: around this, soon after the capsize of the launch, we observed some persons 
 collected, endeavouring to direct our attention to something they had stuck up on 
 the stump. Our curiosity was naturally excited by this circumstance, and the 
 telescope was handed from one to the other of those who were thought to have the 
 steadiest hand and the keenest eye, but it was not for a considerable time (owing 
 to the distance, and continual lurching and rolling of the ship) that we discovered 
 the object to be a black board, on which were chalked, in large letters, the somewhat 
 doubtful words " Keep out." This we interpreted, as it was intended, into an advice 
 
 not to make any further attempts to land; and our translation of the little 
 memorandum was soon after confirmed by observing a boat drawn on to the sand, 
 with her black side towards the ship, on which our shore friends had printed, more 
 legibly, the more encouraging words " No Itoeks — sea tjoiiKj down — keep out." 
 
 By this time it was evident that we had driven closer in towards the land — 
 

 JM 
 
 WRECK OF THE " TREMIER." 
 
 probably within a quarter of a mile, — and that the ship was gradually settling 
 herself into a bed of sand; it was also a considerable consolation, and cause of 
 thankfulness, to be assured that there were no rocks immediately about us. Still 
 was the morning (for it was now nearly ten o'clock) fast wearing away in 
 comparative inactivity; and though satisfied of our present safety, yet was the 
 position of those on board anything but enviable. The snow had ceased to fall, 
 but the air was piercingly cold, the wind had shifted, and was now blowing 
 moderately off the land ; but the sea, though subsiding slowly, still broke constantly 
 over the decks : the fires were, of course, all extinguished, and there were no provisions 
 procurable. A few of the men had managed to pick up some half-soaked biscuit; 
 and a ham that had been cooked for the officers' mess the day before, part of a 
 cheese, and some biscuit, that found their way into the agent's cabin, proved 
 exceedingly acceptable to such as were fortunate enough to scramble for a scrap: 
 amidst the whole scene, however, of confusion, dismay, and privation, there was no 
 murmuring, no thought of mutiny amongst the soldiers, or the slightest disobedience 
 to orders, no disrespect towards superiors, or any attempt whatever made to procure 
 spirits clandestinely, as is too frequently the case under similar circumstances. The 
 women (who remained quietly, v' h their children, between decks) seemed resigned 
 to whatever might be their fate ; and the men behaved, throughout, with that calm 
 courage so characteristic of the British soldier and sailor in the hour of peril. Two 
 or three of the serjeants' wives, and their children, had congregated in one of the 
 after-cabins — the only dry spot in the ship ; and an elder boy read aloud to them 
 from the Bible ; — a sober and subdued, perhaps I might say a devout, feeling seemed, 
 indeed, generally prevalent. 
 
 Seeing at length that the time had arrived for another effort on our part, the 
 heavy long boat (the only one remaining with the ship), after two or three hours' 
 hard work, was lifted from her solid bed on the deck, and launched over the side. 
 
 
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 Thia boat, as is usually the case, had been roofed over, and fitted up as a pen for 
 the sheep and other live stock : the sheep were all bundled out on the deck, but 
 the pigs and geese were most of them flung overboard, supposing that they would 
 be able to save themselves by swimming to the shore ; but, to our astonishment, we 
 found that they were all killed in the surf, — a circumstance that may give some idea 
 of its force and violence. The lifting and launcliing of the long boat, from want of 
 the masts and yards to apply tackles, was no easy matter ; but with willing hearts 
 and stout arms it was at length accomplished. She was soon manned by the second 
 mate and a few steady seamen : the rope chey took with them was given out smoothly, 
 and she reached the edge of the surf without much difficulty. Her passage through 
 this was perilous in the extreme, and was watched, as may be supposed, from the 
 ship with the greatest anxiety: more than once we thought that all was over with 
 her and her crew ; it was therefore with feelings of sincere thankfulness and joy that 
 we saw her thrown, by the last wave, on the beach, and quickly hauled high and 
 dry by the friendly hands on shore. 
 
 This was one grand point achieved, A few minutes more, and we beheld, to our 
 unspeakable joy, a large country boat — a much safer and more manageable craft than 
 the long boat, — manned by two or three Canadians, hauling towards us through the 
 surf by means of the rope which was now stretched across between the ship and the 
 shore : this rope, however, was so slight, and the distance so great, that we 
 feared its own weight would snap it across, and leave us in a more hopeless 
 predicament than ever; but she reached in safety. 
 
 One of the persons who came off in this boat — M. Louis Roy — proved to be the 
 chief person of the village, "-nd an active, intelligent man, as we afterwards found him 
 to be. He spoke a few words of English, and showed us, with some exultation, his 
 commission as a justice of the peace. From him wc learned that the scene of the 
 shipwreck was Cape Chatte Bay, on the south shore of the estuary of the St. 
 
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 WEECK OF THE " PREMIER. 
 
 19 
 
 Lawrence, about 300 miles below Quebec, and two miles east of the bold rocky 
 headland called Cape Chatte, or Cap Chats, which, with Point des Monts on the 
 opposite side, forms the mouth of the river. 
 
 By this time it was eleven o'clock A. M., and preparations were immediately made 
 for landing, — commencing, of course, with the women and children, more particularly 
 as the men all expressed a wish that they should, if possible, be the first to be placed 
 in security. This part of the operation occupied nearly three hours, as no more 
 than three or four women, and as many ch'Jdren, could be ventured into the boat at 
 a time. Had the scene occiurred under other circumstances it would certainly have 
 been regarded as highly amusing. The ship still rolled, and laboured excessively, 
 and the boat pitched with such violence in the heavy sea that it was with great 
 diflSculty she could be saved from being swamped, or stove to pieces against the 
 ship's side, or against the broken masts and yards that hung about the vessel: 
 trans-shipping the women and children was therefore a service of considerable risk and 
 difficulty. All were rolled up in blankets, and those who came first to hand were 
 bundled unceremoniously into the boat. Two or three men first lowered themselves in ; 
 one was occupied in baling out the water, the others assisted in shipping the live 
 cargo from those above. Some of the women, with more courage and reliance, 
 resigned themselves quietly to the care of the men ; others seizing hold, in their 
 descent, of a stray rope, would cling to it with a death-like grasp, from which 
 there was no releasing them, screaming and shrieking all the while as if they were 
 about to be hurled over a precipice. The children were deposited with less difficulty, 
 though not with less noise. A strong man, standing on the gangway, seizes hold 
 of the first child within his reach, suspends it by one arm over the ship's side, and, 
 aa the boat lifts upon a rsing wave, the man below makes a grasp at a kicking leg ; 
 the word "let go" is quickly given, the arm is relinquished, round swings the 
 screaming child, sinking, as it were, into a fathomless pit, the head or body inevitably 
 
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 20 
 
 WRECK OF THE " PREMIER." 
 
 coming in contact with the gunwale, or other part of the boat, but saved, in the 
 collision, from injury by the rolls of blanket in which it is enveloped : and how they 
 
 escaped without broken bones, or from subsequent suifocation in the bottom of the 
 boat, which was usually half full of water, it is difficult to conceive. Many a child 
 was sent ashore without its mother, and many a mother went off without her children ; 
 all, however, were taken care of, and all reached terra firma in safety. 
 
 The women and children being thus, fortunately, disposed of, the men and officers 
 were next landed in small detachments, ten and twelve at a time, an officer, or 
 non-commissioned officer, generally accompanying each party. There being but one 
 boat employed, the operation of landing was necessarily very tedious, and was not 
 completed before eight o'clock at night. 
 
 The wind and sea fell considerably in the course of the day, so that towards 
 evening the boat was hauled off and in with less difficulty, though few got through 
 the surf without a thorough drenching. As each party jumped from the boat it was 
 received with loud cheers and congratulations by those already on the beach ; and 
 sincere, I am sure, were the feelings and inward expressions of thankfulness to " Him 
 
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 in whose hands arc the issues of life and death " for a safe and merciful deliverance 
 from what, a few hours before, appeared inevitable destruction. 
 
 The arrangements, general and in detail, by the commanding officer and others, were 
 so excellent, and the affair was conducted altogether with so much order, regularity, 
 and circumspection, that the whole debarkation of men and officers, women and children, 
 was effected providentially without the occurrence of a single, even the most trivial, 
 accident. Major Bennett, Lieut Harris, and Captain New, were the last persons to 
 leave the ship. 
 
 The dwellings of the poor French Canadians were readily thrown open, and their 
 provisions, such as they were, cheerfully shared. Men, women, and children were 
 billeted up and down in shanties and barns ; a liberal ration of potatoes (or pittats, 
 as the Canadians generally call ther.i) and salt fish was served out ; and a glass of 
 country rum to each, which, after the long fast, fatigue, and continued soaking for 
 several hours in ice-cold water, was neither useless nor unacceptable. 
 
 For several succeeding days the officers, non-commissioned officers, and men were 
 unremittingly employed, from daylight till dark, in endeavouring to save property 
 from the wreck. In this arduous and harassing duty they were assisted by a party of 
 Canadian fishermen, under the active superintendence and direction of M. Louis 
 Roy, whose friendly aid throughout was of the greatest value. 
 
 Provisions were, of course, the first things sought for in the wreck, as the whole 
 village stock (which was merely the winter's supply for the poor habitants themselves) 
 would be consumed in a week. Arms and accoutrements were next sent on shore, 
 the officers' light baggage from the cabins, &c. ; and, lastly, such articles of ship and 
 government stores and general baggage as could be fished up from the hold, which, 
 as well as the entire space between decks, was full of water. All these things, as 
 they came on shore, were collected by the "fatigue men" on and under the bank 
 above the beach, and piled in heaps under the charge of sentries. 
 
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 22 
 
 WRECK OF THE " rUEMIEB." 
 
 Sundry, and various too, were the articles cast in by the tide. The whole length 
 and breadth of the sandy bay was strewn with fragments of masts, yards, and spars, 
 broken boats, casks, hen-coops, rigging, &c., not to mention the dead carcasses of pigs 
 and poultry, before alluded to, and which were speedily picked up for the cuisine, 
 while numerous picturesque groups of boys, women, and soldiers might be seen 
 drying their saturated clothes, or frying fish and roasting potatoes, in the red embers 
 of the numberless bivouac fires along the beach. 
 
 Several of the chests and boxes were burst open, and the contents presented, as 
 may be supposed, a most pitiable appearance. Every thing was soaked with the salt 
 water, and covered with a thick coating of black, slimy mud. The quarter-master- 
 serjeant was a considerable sufferer in property, having had a lai^e quantity of scarlet 
 cloth and cashmere, gold lace, and other articles of military equipment for the use of 
 officers and men, totally destroyed. 
 
 A small, unfinished, log shanty, that stood on the highest part of the bank, was 
 fitted up as a quarter for some of the officers : the roof was covered with pieces of 
 
 
 sail-cloth and tarpaulin, the sides with blankets, and a small stove, brought ashore 
 
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 from the ship's cabin, placed inside. This little hut, however, was found to be too 
 small (not being above twelve feet square), and was given up as a guard-room. In 
 front of this shanty a flag-staff was erected, and a reversed ensign hoisted as a 
 signal of distress to any vessel that inight happen to pass within sight. The quarter- 
 master-scijeant's scarlet cloth, and the stained and tarnished white and red jackets 
 of the band and soldiers, were hung out to dry (after being washed in fresh water) 
 upon the bushes and rail fences along the bank, where they soon froze en masse, 
 forming a gay fringe to a sombre picture. 
 
 The officers' head quarters were established at the house of Louis Roy's brother, 
 which was the best and largest in the settlement, and the only one at all suitable for 
 the purpose, though inconveniently situated at a distance of nearly a mile from the 
 scene of the wreck, and on the opposite side of the little river of Cape Chatte, which 
 had to be crossed and re-crossed incessantly, in a rickety canoe, through sludge, and 
 field-ice, which floated in and out with every rise and fall of the tide. I may here 
 add, that two soldiers were told off to the exclusive duty of ferry-men and porters 
 at this river ; and it is but justice to them to state that they performed this arduous 
 work for several days, with the utmost cheerfulness and good-will, from daylight till 
 long after dark, wading incessantly through the broken ice and freezing water, and 
 exposed, without even the covering of a great-coat, to all the inclemencies of 
 Canadian winter weather. 
 
 This head-quarter house, like all the others in the settlement, was built of logs, 
 and consisted of three apartments, the outer, larger one, about twenty feet long by fifteen 
 wide, with a sort of recess in one side, and a large open fire-place, black with soot, and 
 garnished with salt fish and pieces of fat pork, &c. Its native furniture consisted of 
 a hu^e double Canadian stove, often heated to a red heat, a broken ladder leading 
 to a large loft above, two or three old rickety tables, and some half dozen still more 
 rickety stools and bottomless chairs, with a sort of trough at the wmdow for the 
 
 
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 24 
 
 WRECK OF THE " PREMIER." 
 
 general washing of faces and hands, plates, dishes, &c. This den served for " parlour, 
 kitchen, and all." 
 
 Of the inner rooms, one was twelve feet long by eight wide, with sundry hanging 
 cupboards. This formed the sleeping apartment of seven officers, who lay, like the 
 bog-trotters in Connemora, in a "family-bed" on the floor. The mattresses which 
 were saved from the wreck were, at night, laid side by side on th^ floor, occupying 
 the whole length of the room. The locale of each owner's mattress was indicated 
 by his pillow, but the coverings, being scanty, were in common. 
 
 The third, still smaller room, was occupied by the commanding officer and his lady 
 in a commodioiis cheque-curtained bed (the only one in the house) at one end, while 
 the patriarch of the family — a venerable old man of ninety-five — and his ancient 
 rib, at the other end, nestled into the lower shelf of a lofty tier of berths, that rose 
 one above the other to the roof, the other shelves being filled, in succession, to the 
 top with a graduated scale of grandchildren and great-grandchildren. 
 
 The whole interior of this house was dirty, black with smoke, and hung with 
 
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 cobwebs, moccasins, fish, and sundry other lilce commodities, having nothing of the 
 neatness and cleanliness of the French Canadian houses in general. The family, 
 however, though poor, were hospitable, kind-hearted, and obliging. The old man 
 seemed nearly in his dotage, and looked on in silent bewilderment at the uproar 
 and confusion around him. The old dame, on the contrary, seemed to take special 
 delight in the riot, and was the most active and thrifty of the household, bustling 
 about from morning till night, with a broom in one hand and a bottle of rum in the 
 other, keeping a keen account of the sundry glasses she disposed of to stray customers. 
 
 The inmates of the mansion, when joined by our formidable party, consisted of 
 above fifty persons, including one lady, nine officers and their servants, the transport 
 agent, the captain and mates of the " Premier," the captain and mates of the other ship 
 wrecked in our vicinity, a steward and black cook, with sundry other attendants and 
 hangers-on, besides the patriarch and his wife, daughter-in-law, and son (to whom 
 the house belonged), and three generations of children, of all ages and sexes, to say 
 nothing of sundry cats, and numerous dogs, from the snarling cur, to the noble 
 Newfoundland and Labrador dogs, of which there were two or three fine specimens. 
 
 When you add to this formidable live stock all the light baggage of the officers, 
 consisting of mattresses and blankets, trunks, portmanteaus, and carpet bags, coats, 
 cloaks, swords, &c., the dining tables and chairs from the ship's cuddy, sundry articles 
 of cabin stores, and provisions, saved from the wreck — such as hampers of hams, baskets 
 of cheese, boxes of candles, loaves of sugar, canisters of tea, and cases of wine, — 
 thermometers, barometers, and Sympiesometers, sextants, chronometers, and Admiralty 
 charts, &c., it will readily be believed that, in this dwelling at least, there was little 
 space to spare. Nor were the Serjeants, and soldiers, and their families, as may be 
 supiosed, a whit better off: all were equally crowded ; and many, indeed, in other 
 respects, were much worse "located." One company especially — the grenadiers — 
 in a wretched frame-built barn, suffijred severely from cold and damp. The open 
 
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 26 
 
 WUECK OF THE " PREMIER." 
 
 sides of the building gave adniittanoe to tlic drifting snow, and the piercing wintry 
 wind, with the therniometcr sometimes below zero, whistled through the wi<le chinks 
 and broken planks. But what most added to the misery, and, indeed, risk to health 
 and life, in inhabiting this barn was, that the {wor fellows were obliged to sleep on 
 the damp unthrcshed corn with which it was nearly half filled, so that when they 
 lay down in their wet clothes they soon became enveloped in a chilling vapour, the 
 effects of which probably would have been fatal to many, were it not that the officer 
 on tluty had orders to arouse them from their sleep every two hours during the 
 night, for the purpose of drying and warming themselves, by dancing round a huge 
 blazing fire that was kept constantly burning on the bank outside. 
 
 .Vmongst the varioua articles cast ashore by the surf were some chests and canisters 
 of tea, and several bags of soaked biscuit, considered useless and thrown overboard. 
 There l)eing no bread for the men, and but very little flour, it was suggested, by 
 Maj ir Bennett, that this soaked biscuit might be reclaimed and made available tor 
 u. . Two bakers were accordingly selected froui amongst the soldiers, and immediately 
 set to work to carry the experiment 'iito effect. A bag of the biscuit pulp, thrown 
 into a tub, was well washed in cold fresh water, which completely freed it of all 
 
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 -III 
 
 saline flavour ; the mass was then worked up into a doujjli, witli a small (luantity ot" 
 good dry flour, in the proportion of one of the latter to three of the former; the 
 dough was formed into the ordinary-sized chip-biscuits, and baked in a large oven 
 — one of which is attached to every Canadian house — and, to the no small gratification 
 of all parties, turned out as good and as sweet as when first issued from Her Majesty's 
 stores. 
 
 Had we remained some time longer at Cape Chattc this discovery would have 
 proved a most valuable one, as would the restoration of the salt-water-soaked tea, 
 which was also sujiposcd to have been completely spoiled, but wliich, on being washed 
 in cold sjiring water, and dried in a blanket i" the stove, was found to have lost 
 nothing either of its strength or its flavour. 
 
 The buildings at Cape Chatte aftbrded such wretched and insuflioient acconnuodation, 
 that the connnanding officer and I, a day or two after landing, visited St. Anne's — 
 a somewhat larger fishing-village, nine miles east of Cape Chatte — in search of further 
 ncconnnodation for the tn)ops, not knowing how long wi; might bo detained on this 
 dreary coast. Here we found some tolerably good log and frame houses ; and a niunber 
 were selected, suflicicnt, if necessary, to quarter the whole wing of the regiment. 
 
 Preparations were inunediatoly made for detadiing a portion ; but, as the road to 
 St. Ann(!'s — if road it could be called — lay along a beach, passable only at low water, 
 and obstructed, here and there, by broken masses of rocks, it was foiuid necessary to 
 send the greater part of the detachment, with the baggage, &c., by water. The next 
 moderate day, accordingly, (he grenadier company, and the band, under Captain 1). 
 and two other otticerti, sailed for St. Anne's with a fleet of fishing-boats, and soon 
 established themselves in more comfortable <iuarters. Mrs. IJ. likewise flitted from 
 her crowded and comfortless domicile at Cape Chatte, and took up her ([uarters in 
 the neat and nicely-furnished house of M. Sassevillc at St. Anne's, 
 
 The bay of Cape Chatte is a small semicircular bay, with a snu)oth gravelly beach, 
 
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 28 
 
 WUECK OF THE " PREMIER." 
 
 lying between two rocky points that tenninate in low reefs stretching out to sea- 
 ward, and situated about two miles east of the bold rocky headland from which it 
 derives its name. Into its western end runs a small river, from which the inhabitants 
 of this peaceful village procure a considerable quantity of line salmon. This, with 
 the abundant supply of other fish taken in the bay, a few potatoes, and an 
 odd barrel of flour procured from St. Anne's, form almost the whole subsistence of 
 these simple people, who, to use a Yankee phrase, arc " as healthy as fishes," having 
 no Doctor amongst them, " barrin " the mother of all the Roys, who practises the 
 " healing art " with considerable skill and success. Having been laid up myself during 
 the greater part of my sojourn at Cape Chatte with severe pain of my chest, the 
 old lady, who compassionated my sufferings excessively, insisted one night on prescribing 
 for me a very soothing and palatable potion, which I discovered, after I had drank 
 it (by a long wick in the bottom of the bowl), to have been the liquefaction of a 
 dipped candle in boiling milk, suitably sweetened with maple sugar. 
 
 The settlement is composed of eight or ten families, whose shanties and hams are 
 
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scattered along the low bank above the beach. To the rear is a dense Tamarack 
 swamp, skirting the unexplored forest, which is bounded to the southward by a chain 
 of lofty hills, from which descend the Cape Chatte, St. Anne's, and other small rivers. 
 The woods and hills abound in game, and the moose, carriboo (or rein-deer), bears, 
 wolves, and other wild animals, are more numerous, from the paucity of settlers and 
 hunters, than in most other parts of the country. 
 
 St. Anne's is the only settlement with which, as Paddy would say, they have any 
 " correspondence." The other nearest village is Grand Metiss, about fifty miles to 
 the westward ; and there is no road of any kind, in any direction, from Cape Chatte, 
 except the beach, which in some places is wholly impassable except for persons on foot. 
 
 As may be supposed, the majority of these poor people vegetate from year to year, 
 and from generation to generation, without ever wandering beyond the adjoining 
 village of St. Anne's, the fishing-banks in their front, or the forests in their rear. 
 They have neither chapel nor priest, but on Sundays, and days of fStes-d^ obligation, 
 the old patriarch assembles his own numerous progeny, and some of the other villagers, 
 in his house, where they repeat their Aves and Paters with fervour and devotion 
 (as we had an opportunity of witnessing), winding up the service with a simple and 
 not unpleasing hymn, chaunted by the females of the fanuly. 
 
 Some idea may be formed of the seclusion in which these people live from the 
 fact, that when the Negro cook of the "Premier" first showed his black face, and white 
 teeth and eye-balls, at the door of Roy's house, the women and children shrieked and 
 screamed violently, and fled with precipitation and alarm to the loft above, to escape 
 from the "old gentleman in black," as they fully believed him to be. It may be 
 mentioned that runaway negroes are found in great numbers in all parts of Canada, 
 but never before had one of this hitherto even unheard-of race been seen at Cape 
 Chatte. 
 
 The day after our landing from the wreck despatches were sent off to the General 
 
 
 
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 Officer commanding at Quebec — Major-Gcneral Sir James Hope — announcing the 
 disaster that had befallen the " Premier." These despatches were entrusted to 
 Lieutenant (now Captain) Lysons, of the regiment, whose gallantry and activity on 
 the morning of the shipwreck have already been alluded to. He started about ten 
 o'clock A. M., in company with two French Canadian guides. The first night he 
 bivouacked in the woods, the second day brought him to Grand Metiss. This first 
 fifty miles he travelled on foot, sometimes along a gravelly beach, sometimes over 
 masses of rocks and ice, precipitous hills, and deep ravines, or through half-frozen 
 rivers and deep drifts of snow. At Metiss he procured a horse and sleigh, and by a 
 conveyance of this kind he travelled the remainder of the way to Quebec. 
 
 Having been assured by the Canadians that the journey from Cape Chatte to 
 Quebec could not be accomplished, under any circumstances or at any season of the 
 year, in a shorter time than eight days, what was our joy and surprise at seeing the 
 steam-ship Unicorn make her appearance in the offing on the morning of the eighth 
 day from Mr. Lysons' departure, the day on which we calculated only on his reaching 
 the end of his journey. 
 
 On his arrival at Quebec, on the sixth day, the promptest measures were taken 
 by the Major-Gencral and heads of the military departments for the speedy relief 
 of the suffijrers, and the royal mail-steamer Unicorn was instantly despatched with 
 an abundant supply of provisions, blankets, &c., and with orders to convey back, without 
 delay, officers, men, women, and cliildren, and as much of the baggage as could be 
 collected and stowed away on board. 
 
 Captain Boxer, C. B., Royal Navy, transport agent for Canada, came down in the 
 vessel ; and to his judicious arrangements, and the active exertions of Captain Douglas, 
 commanding the Unicorn, we were greatly indebted for the safe and speedy manner 
 in which the embarkation was effected. 
 
 The sudden and totally unexpected arrival of the steamer, at early dawn, was the 
 

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 WRECK OF THE " PKEMIEK." 
 
 31 
 
 signal for a "general rising," and all was an instant scene of bustle and confusion. 
 Drums beat, and bugles sounded the " Assembly," and orders were promptly issued 
 to have all ready for embarkation the moment a sufficient number of boats could 
 be provided. The steamer, in the mean time, proceeded on to St. Anne's, where 
 her unlooked-for appearance created as exciting a sensation as it did at Cape 
 Chatte Bay. About one or two p. M. she returned, with the detachment, from 
 thence. 
 
 The day, providentially, proved remarkably fine, and was the first ^/Crfectly calm 
 day we had had from the time of the accident. Had the weather been tempestuous, 
 as it almost invariably is at this season, no vessel dared have approached the coast ; 
 and the orders were imperative that the Unicom, in the event of bad weather, 
 should return instantly to Quebec, having, on a certain day, to convey the English 
 mitils to Halifax. 
 
 A small detachment of thirty men, under Lieutenant Gore, was left behind, in 
 charge of such government stores and baggage as still remained in the wreck and 
 on the beach. 
 
 By five o'clock r. m. the troops, and a large portion of the rescued baggage, 
 were all safely ra-embarked in the Unicorn, and the last boat was still alongside, 
 when the sky began again to put on a threatening aspect, and a heavy rolling sea 
 set in, with a strong breeze from the north-east. Had this change taken place some 
 hours earlier our embarkation would have been impracticable, and we should have 
 had the mortification to sec the Unicorn disappear as suddenly as she came, without 
 accomplishing the object of her hazardous voyage. She now, however, got quickly 
 under wei^h, and was soon breasting the strong stream of the St. Lawrence, on her 
 backward voyage to Quebec. 
 
 So crowded were the men on board that the poor fellows were obliged to keep the 
 open deck, .without a spot to lie down on, during the whole thirty hours that the 
 
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 voyage lasted ; and so severe was the cold that it was only by incessantly stamping on 
 the deck that they could preserve vitality in their limbs, and save their feet from being 
 frost-bitten : but, thanks to the liberality and forethought of the government officers, 
 they had an abundant supply of good provisions, and an occasional reviving glass of 
 grog, which kept them in excellent humour ; and at nine o'clock the following night 
 we all landed once more on Her Majesty's wharf at Quebec, amidst the already deeply- 
 fallen snows of a Canadian winter. 
 
 With light and joyous hearts the men marched to their old quarters in the Jesuit 
 barrack, where their kind-hearted fellow-soldiers of the 68th greeted them with a 
 generous supper and a hearty welcome, relinquishing their beds for the night to the 
 weary Royals, — thus cementing a warm, and, I hope, a lasting friendship between the 
 two corps. 
 
 The following complimentary Order was issued next day, and read, by the Major- 
 General in person, to the troops of the garrison, assembled in hollow square. 
 
 " DisTKicT Orl-,r. 
 
 " Assistant-Adjutant-General's Office, 
 " Quebec, 14th November, 1843. 
 
 " jMajor-General Sir James Hope has ordered the garrison of Quebec to be assembled, 
 that he may have the satisfaction of personally expressing to the troops, by this Order, 
 his entire and perfect approbation of the admirable conduct of the right wi'.ig of the 
 Royal Regiment under the most trying circumstances. 
 
 " There is no regiment in Her Majesty's service that has more distinguished 
 itself than the Royals have done; but good conduct in the presence of the enemy 
 is so common an occurrence with British soldiers, when the excitement to gallant 
 conduct is at its height, that the Major-Goneral would not think it necessary to 
 
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 advert to what is now well known. On this occasion, however, the distressing 
 condition of the men during the peril of shipwreck is calculated to call for that cool 
 and resigned intrepidity Avliich has been shown on this occasion ; and nothing proves 
 the credit that is due to the officer in command, and to the whole of the officers, 
 and non-commissioned officers, more than that such a state of discipline has been 
 established in a corps as to command the confidence of the men under their command, 
 in a situation requiring every quality of a brave man. 
 
 " The Duke of Wellington, in a late circular letter, has shown hov*' greatly he values 
 the discipline and intrepidity that is required on such occasions ; and his Grace will, 
 without doubt, duly estimate the conduct of the right wing of the Royal Regiment. 
 
 " The Major-Gcneral is sure that every man who so providentially escaped from the 
 late calamity is fully impressed with the zealous, prompt, and important services 
 rendered to them by Captain Boxer, of the Navy. At his request, Captain Boxer 
 has attended this parade ; and the Major-General is happy in having an opportunity of 
 returning him thanks, in presence of the garrison, and of stating that to his exertions, 
 aided by the zeal of Captain Douglas, of the Unicorn, the Royal Regiment owe their 
 escape from the hardships of a long and dreary winter, passed on an exposed and 
 inclement part of the coast. 
 
 " This Order is to be entered in the Order Book, and read at the head of every 
 regiment in the Eastern District of Canada; and the Major-General requests that 
 Major Bennett, who commanded the wing on this occasion with so much ability and 
 credit to hunself, will enter the name of every officer and non-commissioned officer 
 present, and will record the journey of 300 miles performed with such perseverance 
 by Lieutenant Lysons. 
 
 (Signed) " J. A. Hope, 
 
 " Major-General." 
 
 
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 Her Majesty woa also graciously pleased, aa well as His Grace the Duke of 
 Wellington (on the reports of the shipwreck reaching England), to express their 
 approbation, in very flattering terms, of the conduct of the regiment ou this occasion. 
 
 I cannot, perhaps, conclude this brief and imperfect narrative better than by adding 
 a short extract from the " Soldiers' Thanksgiving," a beautiful and impressive sermon 
 preached by the Lord Bishop of Montreal upon the occasion of divine service held in 
 the Cathedral church of Quebec, on the safe return of the right wing of the Royals 
 to that place : — 
 
 " My brethren of the civil congregation of this church, — It is a gratifying circumstance 
 that the service for which we are assembled is held at the spontaneous desire of those 
 gallant and hardy men, here among us, fresh from a scene of suflTering and peril, 
 who have not judged it derogatory to their gallantry or hardihood to be sensible of 
 the mercy of their God. The feeling which has prompted them upon this occasion ti- 
 pat/ their vows unto the Lord in the presence of His people is a feeling which originated 
 purely with themselves, and appears to have animated all ranks alike. And I hope 
 it may be regarded as one among many indications of the falsity of a notion found 
 sometimes to prevail amongst mankind, that the profession of arms is inconsistent 
 with the serious and earnest profession of Christianity, — that the soldiers of an earthly 
 sovereign ore ill-fitted to be the soldiers of the Cross. Against such a notion we 
 cannot too earnestly contend, especially on account of its dangerous effect upon the 
 minds of military men themselves. As if expressly to guard against such an error, 
 the New Testament (not to go back to the many instances of eminently pious 
 warriors recorded in the Old) very prominently sets before us examples amply sufficient 
 to contradict it. * * * * * But, blessed be God, we may appeal, in our own day, 
 to numerous and unquestionable examples familiarly known. * • * • • ^qj. g^j 
 we fail to recognise an additional claim to our interest in the obligations which we 
 
lie under to the Queen's troops, and in a sij^nal manner to this gallant regiment, for 
 protection, by the Divine blessing, in dangers of our own, of no very remote occurrence, 
 in this Province. The preservation of those who were thus our friends in need must 
 be a matter of gratitude to us. As our friends, then, my military hearers, I address 
 you, and with the voice of a friend I charge it upon you to remember to your dying 
 day the mercy and the warning you have experienced. Oh, if there are any among you 
 who in the imminent crisis of your danger, brought to the verge of death and eternity, 
 were untouched by the thought of your salvation, the sense of your dependence upon God, 
 and the need which you have of pardon at His hand, or who, in the hour of your 
 providential deliverance, lifted no vow of praise within your hearts, nor resolution of 
 future devotedness to Ilim, let mc conjure you to look back nmo upon the scene, and 
 ask whether, if the elements, let loose by His pleasure, in their fury had swept you to 
 destruction, you were prepared to go before Him. Prepare to meet thy God is a 
 summons which wc find recorded in His holy Word; and it is not a summons sounded 
 in our ears by all the changes and chances which we witness in this imcertain life, but 
 sounded loudly, like a trumpet of alarm, in the perils which are encountered upon the 
 raging deep! And having just escaped from such a scene, will you not learn from 
 it the lesson of the fear of God? The common contemplation of the power of God, 
 in the control of the wilder elements of nature, serves to read you this lesson. Fear 
 ye not me ? saith the Lord. Will ye not tremble at my presence, which hath placed the 
 sand for the hound of the sea? By that power, bringing you into danger to make you 
 sensible of mercy, you are now alive and safe, and under the shelter, at this moment, 
 of the sanctuary itself, paying your vows in the presence of God's people. You have 
 seen the works of the Lord, and his wonders in the deep ; you have seen at his tcord 
 the stormy wind arise which Itfteth up the waves thereof; you have experienced the 
 terrors of tempest, and of shipwreck, in a bleak season, and upon an almost desolate 
 shore ; and you have been hrouyht to a haven where you would there surely have said 
 
 
 
 
11 
 
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 36 
 
 WRECK OF THE " PUEMIEB. 
 
 that you would thankfully be. Mark, then, the words of the Psalmist which follow : 
 O that men would therefore praise the Lord for his goodness, and declare the wonders 
 that he doeth for the children of men /" 
 
 I may here be pardoned for subtracting the following complimentary 7iote from the worthy 
 bishop's sermon, which was published, with his permission, by the officers of the regiment: — 
 
 " Nothing could exceed the pleasing and touching effect given to the beautiful services of 
 the church, upon the occasion on which this sermon was preached, by the chanting and singing 
 of a large choir of men and boys, formed within the battalion by one of the officers (Lieut. 
 Wliitmore), who has most assiduously and perseveringly devoted himself to this object. The 
 greatest fondness for these performances pervades them all ; and it can hardly be doubted 
 that it is a practice which has had a happy influence, generally, upon the tone of character 
 among the men, the exemplary steadiness of whose conduct, in the whole of the trying scenes 
 through which they recently passed, as well as upon other occasions, has attracted much notice 
 and admiration." 
 
 " Since the foregoing note was written arrangements have been made for employin"- 
 the voluntary services of this excellent regimental choir, uncler the direction of the 
 same indefatigable officer, and in concert with the organist, at the morning service of 
 the civil congregation in the cathedral, during the stay of the regiment in Quebec. 
 
 " In confirmation of what is said above respecting the presumed effect of this 
 cultivation of vocal music upon the men (although it is not meant to say that there 
 have been other circumstances of advantage which may help to account for their 
 correct deportment), it may be mentioned, with reference to those amongst them who 
 actually formed the choir, that in the hour of their most imminent peril there were 
 several who evinced, in the most gratifying manner, their composed reliance upon the 
 only hope of sinful man. These individuals, unprompted by each other, yet with a 
 
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 WRECK OF THE " I'REMIEK. 
 
 37 
 
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 cunsentaneous feeling, called to mind, and repeated to the officer already mentioned, 
 the commencing lines uf a hymn cxpresaing, in a manner directly appropriate to their 
 awful situation, their trust in the protection of Christ : " — 
 
 " Why those fears ? — behold, 'tis Jesux 
 Holds the helm and guides the ship." 
 
 THE END. 
 
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