CIHM 
 Microfiche 
 Series 
 (IMonographs) 
 
 ICIMH 
 
 Collection de 
 microfiches 
 (monographles) 
 
 Canadian Instituta for Historical IMicroraproductiunt / institut Canadian da microraproductions hittoriquas 
 
Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques 
 
 The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original 
 copy available for filming. Features of this copy which 
 may be bibliographlcally unique, which may alter any of 
 the images in the reproduction, or which may 
 significantly change the usual method of filming are 
 checked below. 
 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 Coloured covers/ 
 Couverture de couleur 
 
 Covers dantaged / 
 Couverture endommagte 
 
 Covers restored and/or laminated / 
 Couverture restaurto et/ou pelliculde 
 
 Cover title missing / Le titre de couverture manque 
 
 Coloured maps / Cartes g^ographiques en couleur 
 
 Coloured ini( (i.e. other than blue or black) / 
 Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) 
 
 Coloured plates and/or illustrations / 
 Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur 
 
 Bound with other material / 
 Reli6 avec d'autres documents 
 
 Only edition available / 
 Seule Edition disponible 
 
 Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along 
 interior margin / La reliure serrte peut causer de 
 I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long de la marge 
 int^rieure. 
 
 Blank leaves added during restorations may appear 
 within the text. Whenever possible, these have been 
 omitted from filming / Use peut que certaines pages 
 blanches ajout^es lors d'une restauration 
 apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela 6tait 
 possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6\6 filmdes. 
 
 Additional comments / 
 Commentaires suppl6mentaires: 
 
 L'Institut a mk:rofilm6 le mellleur exemplaira qu'il lui a 
 M possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exem- 
 plaira qui sont peut-«tre unk)ues du point de vue bibll- 
 ographkiue, qui peuvent nKXllfier une image reproduite, 
 ou qui peuvent exiger une nrKXiWcatlon dans la metho- 
 ds normale de filmage sont lndk]ute ci-dessous. 
 
 I I Cotoured pages/ Pages de couleur 
 
 I I Pages damaged/ Pages endommag^es 
 
 D 
 
 Pages restored and/or laminated / 
 Pages restaurtes et/ou pellteuMes 
 
 r~^ Pages discoloured, stained or foxed / 
 liLJ Pages dteoior^es, tachet^es ou pk^udes 
 
 I Pages detached/ Pages d6tach6es 
 
 \V Showthrough / Transparence 
 
 I I Quality of print varies / 
 
 D 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 Quality indgale de I'impression 
 
 Includes supplementary material / 
 Comprend du matdriel suppl^mentaire 
 
 Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, 
 tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best 
 possible image / Les pages totalement ou 
 partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une 
 pelure, etc., ont 6X6 fiim^es k nouveau de fafon h 
 obtenir la meilleure image possible. 
 
 Opposing pages with varying colouration or 
 discolourattons are filmed twice to ensure the best 
 possible image / Les pages s'opposant ayant des 
 colorations variables ou des dteoloratlons sont 
 filmtes deux fois afin d'obtenir la meilleure image 
 possible. 
 
 ThI* Kam Is fibiMcl at tlw raduetion ratio chwind balow / 
 
 Ca docuHMnt aat fUm* au taux <te rMuetkm ifMlic|ii« ei-desaous. 
 
 lOx 
 
 14x 
 
 18x 
 
 22x 
 
 26x 
 
 30x 
 
 12x 
 
 16x 
 
 20x 
 
 24x 
 
 28x 
 
 32x 
 
Th« oopv fllmad hara hat baan raproduead thanka 
 to tha ganareaity af : 
 
 Ubrary 
 AgricultHra Canada 
 
 Tha ima«aa appaaHng hara ara tha baat quality 
 peaalbia conaidaring tha eonditieii and lagibiHty 
 af tiia original eopy and in Icaaping with tha 
 filming eontraet apaeifieationa. 
 
 Original eopioa in printad papar covars ara fllmad 
 baginning «vith tha front covar and anding on 
 tha laat paga with a printad or iUuatratad impraa- 
 aien, or tha bacic eovar whan appropriata. AN 
 othar original eopioa aro fllmod beginning on tho 
 firat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- 
 aion. and anding on tha laat paga with a printad 
 or illuatratad impraaaion. 
 
 Tha laat racordod frama on aaeh mierofieha 
 ahall contain tho aymboi — »• (moaning "CON- 
 TINUED"), or tho aymboi ▼ (moaning "END"), 
 whichavar appliaa. 
 
 . , plataa. eharta. ate., may ba fUmad at 
 
 dHfarant roduetion ratiea. Thoaa too larga to bo 
 antiraly included In ono axpoaura ara fllmad 
 baginning in tha uppar laft hand eomor. loft to 
 right and top to bottom, ao many framaa aa 
 raquirad. Tha followin g diagrama illuatrata tha 
 
L'wMnplaira fllm4 fut rcproduit griea * la 
 g4n4rositi d«: 
 
 BiMiotMq«M 
 AariouHurt CaiMda 
 
 Lm lifiagM MiivantM ent 4t« raproduitM avae la 
 plua grand aoin. eampta tami da la eondition at 
 da la nattat* da l'axatt<plaira film*, at an 
 canformita avac laa eondMona du eantrat da 
 fNmaga. 
 
 Laa axamplairaa eriginaux dant la eauvamira tx 
 papiar aat imprimda sont ftlmda an eamman^ant 
 par la pramiar plat at an tarminant salt par la 
 damMra paga qui eamporta una amprainta 
 dlmpraaalon au dlHuatration. salt par la Mcond 
 plat. Mlon la eaa. Toua laa autrw mamplairM 
 ariginaux sont fUmia an eemmanfant par la 
 pramMra paga qui eamporta una amprainta 
 dimpraaaion ou dlHuatration at an tarminant par 
 la danMra paga qui eomporta una taila 
 
 Un daa aymlMtaa auivants apparaltra sur la 
 damiara Imaga da ehaqua mierofieha, salon la 
 eaa: la symbola -i» signifia "A SUIVRE ", la 
 symboia ▼ signifia "RN". 
 
 Laa eartaa. pianehaa. tablaaux. ate., pauvant Atra 
 fllmda A daa taux da riduction diff Arants. 
 Loraqua la documant aat trap grand pour Atra 
 raproduit an un saul eiicha. 11 aat filmd A partir 
 da I'angia supAriaur gaueha, da gaucha A droita. 
 at da haut an baa, an pronant la nombra 
 dlmagaa oAeaassiro. I.aa diagrammaa suivants 
 iHuatrant la mAthoda. 
 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
MKaocorv mouiriON tkt chart 
 
 (ANSI and ISO nST CHART No. 2) 
 
 lUi 
 
 ■ Z8 
 
 
 ■ 2.5 
 
 l» 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 Itt 
 
 ■ U 
 
 1 
 
 12.2 
 
 
 !£■ 
 
 1 
 
 liii 
 
 la 
 
 |M 
 
 1 
 
 2.0 
 
 u 
 
 
 1 
 
 ^Hl 
 
 !f.s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.4 
 
 1 
 
 1.6 
 
 A 
 
 y^PUED IIVMGE 
 
 1653 Eatt Moin Strvtt 
 RochMttr. Nmf York 14609 US* 
 (716) 4B2 - 0300 - Phon, "^ 
 
 (716) 2«-59«9-Fa« 
 
CANADA. 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
 
 ENTOMOLOGICAL BRANCH. 
 C. (lOHDoN Hewitt, Domimon ENToifoLonnT. 
 
 Crop Protection Leaflet No. 6. 
 
 How to Control Locusts or Grasshoppers.* 
 
 Locunta, or "grawhoppew," an they are more generaUy «poken of, are true biting iiuecti which 
 feed actively throughout all their BtageH after hatching from the eggi. The latter enclosed in 
 packet* or ihkIh. are dep.«itod fre^y. chiefly in old neglfcte.1 pasture lands, stubble fieUs, ami 
 ^kmg roadsides, etc., m spots where the soil is dry, not too hard, and largely free of vegeUtion. 
 fcgg-laymg takes pUce m late summer and in autumn, 'he young kwusts not hatching until about 
 May of the following year. 
 
 In early life these insects have no wings, and their chief habits are eating and growing. As 
 ""^ they develop they cast off their skins from 
 
 time to time until after the fifth moult, 
 when they attain fully developed winet. 
 After becoming full grown, which is gener- 
 ally in the latter half of June and early 
 July, their feeding habits are less active, 
 and their attention is directed more towards 
 mating and egg-laying. 
 
 The crops attacked by these insects are 
 oats, barley, timothy, rye, wheat, buck- 
 wheat, corn, turnip, rape, clover, potato, 
 cabbage, onion, bean, carrot, etc. In 
 the province of British Columbia, in some 
 years serious injury is effected to nativ* 
 I^ocuat layinc eggg. (Origiiial) . grassos on range land. 
 
 REMKDIES. 
 
 Poi$oncd BttiU— In Eastern Canada large areas have been entirely freed from the ravage* 
 of destructive kwusts by bn)adpaHting over the infcste.! fieldH the following mixture:— 
 
 ^'■*" 20 pounds 
 
 Paris green or white arsenic j poimd 
 
 ^o^^"^ .■,.....' 2 quarts 
 
 Oranges or lemons 3 fyujtg 
 
 Wat«"- '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.''.'.'.'.'.'.'. 2to2igaUons. 
 
 In preparintr this bran mash, the bran and Paris green, or white arsenic, are mixed thoroughly 
 in a wash tub while dry. The juice of the oranges or lemons is squef 1 int.) the water, and to 
 thw 18 also added ths pulp and peel after cutting into fine bits Th .olasses should then be 
 added, and when dissolved the mixture should be poured onto the dry an and poison, stirring 
 
 and N;?^a1r&?e'!'Fieid''offiirrrTani^^^ '" "'""^ °' ^'"'^ ^~'' ""^' I"ve.U..tion.. 
 
 63178—1 
 
Um whtrie oooituiUy n m to dMBpn tha bnui thorotmhly. A limple way of eutUng up thp 
 peel, Me., ia to ma the wme through » mwt chopper. 
 
 If a larga quantity of the bait ia required the bran may be limply placed on a cement floor 
 and the Paria gran afand in by mMna of an ordinary gardm hoe, after which the fluida may be 
 added and the whole kept conatantly ttirred by the hoe until all the bran is thoroughly dampraed. 
 Any vewel or floor uaed in mixing the formula Bhouki be thoroughly ripanml aftcrwaniN in unlrr 
 to prevent all poarible danger of poiMming to live atock. 
 
 Another poiaoned bait which haa given excellent rewulta umler field nonditiona in the province 
 of Ontario and Quebec ia the following: — 
 
 Sawduat 20 pounda 
 
 Paria green ) pound 
 
 Salt i pound 
 
 •Walar 3 galkma. 
 
 Sawduat, if fairly well free of araall piecea of wood, Rpreails eaaily, and in many diatricta 
 where it ia difficult to obtain bran, can be had for practically nothing, thiia preaentin^ a carrier 
 for the poiaon which makea the coat of control, incliuling the labour of spreading the mixture, 
 very amall. In 1915, the coat of the aawduat-Paris green-aalt mixture was only 7 oenta an acre, 
 including price of materiab and labour. 
 
 Twenty pounda of either of the above poiaoned baita are aufficient to treat five acrea of 
 growing crop. It ia not neceaaary that the mixture be applied to all of the land, but by acattering 
 it thinly here and there throughout the fields, sufficient of the bait will be distributed to attract 
 the locusts from considerable distancea. The best results in destroying these insects will tie 
 obtained before they reach the winged state, namely, when they are in the hopping stage and in 
 aise from about one-quarter to one-half an inch in length. 
 
 Whichever poisoned bait is used it should be broadcasted in th** Infested arena early in the 
 morning, about the time the insects are beginning to move about after their night's rest. In 
 treating large areas it la of the utmoat Importance that farmera in the infested diatrict co-o|)erate 
 and apply the mixture at the aame time. 
 
 During 1917, Mr. T. H. Parka* devised a 
 spreader for distributing the poiaoned bait. 
 This ia shown herewith. It oonaiata of a canvas 
 bag strapped over the shoulders of the operator 
 to which is attached a feeding device consisting 
 of a canvas sleeve and swinging tube made of tin 
 or galvanised iron. "The dimensions of the metal 
 tube are as follows: length, 28 inches; diameter 
 at upper end, 2} inches; diameter at lower end, 
 1| inches. Over the opening at 'he lower end 
 is soldered two short wires bent around in the 
 shape of a U, and croesing each other at right 
 angles at exactly the centre and about one inch 
 below the opening of the tube. These wires are 
 soldered to the edge of the tube and soldereti 
 together where they cross. Their purpose is to 
 scatter the misture evenly and thinly as it leaves 
 
 Canvas ba«, w'ih metal spout, uaed (or 
 
 spraadina poixoneiil bait. (Redxawn after Parks). .. ... , , . rr,, 
 
 ^ the tube, bemg swung by the operator. The 
 
 canvas sleeve is 12 inches long, 13 inches in circumference at the upper end, and 8 inches at 
 
 lower end, which fits tightly over the upper end of the metal tube." 
 
 The Criddk Mixture. — In the province of Manitoba the mixture known as the Criddle mixture 
 has been of great value in controlling outbreaks of injurious locusts; in fact, it is the only practical 
 measure which has been adopted, in recent years, in that province. Its value in adjoining 
 Prairie Provinces is also tmdoubted. Owing to the present high cost of bran and the difficulty 
 
 *Jour. Soon. Ent., Dec., 1917. 
 
of Mouring imnluit in Mifllaieiit quMtitiM oo Um Pniri* Pr. «•, Uw litmfmtm of Um Criddb 
 mixture m an importwit fitetor. It w made by addiiig 1 pound at Park green, or white Mwnie, 
 mmI 1 pound of Mdt to 16 galkma, by mcMure, of freah hone droppinipi. Huffivivnt walvr ihould 
 be added to the dropping to niake a moiat, but r -)t aloppy, maah, aud the Paris green and isH 
 then added and thoroughly mixed by means of u fork or rake. The mixtiir* may be icattereii 
 lightly from a low barrel, box, or tub, by meana of a trowel or shingle, in the infesteii Helds, 
 chiefly where the insects arc feeding. 
 
 (((a 
 
 Eb pod« lit kioiisti, Aowiac various ihapen; pod at ri|ht ofMoed to 
 ■how the elosaly packed ans. (Oriciaai). 
 
 Plouf/kiTig. —0]d pasture Und or other areas known to attract locusts for the purpose of egg- 
 laying should be ploughed to a depth of at least six inchm after the eggs have been deposited. 
 E!gg-laying takes place in Ute summer and early autumn, and the pb>ughing therefore, shouki be 
 done in late autumn ur in Hpring before May of the following year, in order that as many eggs as 
 possible will be buried deeply, thus preventing the yiiung fldcaping to the surface. If the plough- 
 ing is done in spring, it is wise to follow this immeiliately by harrowinc. Hhalkiw ploughing, 
 which would umloubtedly break up many of the egg immIh, woubl not, however, be thorough 
 enough, so is not to be recommended. 
 
 Damage to Birukr Twine. — In the Prairie Provinces considerable injury, some years, has been 
 caused by locusts, as well as crickets, eating binder twine when grain is standing in stooks. Home 
 kinds of twine, as for instance that which is kxisely twisted, has been more attractive to the 
 insects. We have used several mixtures to protect the twine from kiciiat injury, and the following 
 has been foimd most useful: — 
 
 Blueatone 1 pound 
 
 Water 6 gallons. 
 
 of binder twine should be soaked in the solution for half an hour, and then dried 
 \ >-o > ofore using. The mixture, of ooiu-se, is nut intended U> destroy locusts; it simply 
 L .^-rrent. 
 
W. *.« U pliMrt to |M« hw My oil. ««M«iM danuii. q, tooubte or My ^ 
 «*•• No PiMtafi it Nq«iii«d M Midi fetUn of iiHiuiry wkM •.Idrwwd: 
 
 Dam in imi Mnlamw I tiM, 
 
 DtjmrtmetU ^ Agrititlttm, 
 Ottan^.Ont. 
 
 Hueh liHiuiriM iliaiilil b* M<»mp<inM, in «ll hmm whw it i. paMJbk., by ■pNiimm of Uh* iiMrrU. 
 pie n««!tariiottWUiMtpMkedwithth«rlb<MlplMtinftitrwiiwocKtaiorttaboxtopr «t 
 ^ S ^' '**^ up to tt ounoM ta weight may be mikd fiw. Mid every jMclucr 
 ■hould bew or eontata the •«»d«%l»»Maaddn*i, Mid b«»««inpMied by .letter. 
 
 Ottawa: R«|Hrtoted, June, IM9. 
 
 Published by authority of Hon. T. A. Crerar, Minister of Agricuturo. OtUwa, Ont.