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Address in England until 10th March, 1896: HIGHFIELDS, LANGHAM, COLCHESTER. This Pamphlet can be had free on application, either personal or by post, at the Office of the East Angiian Daily Times, Ipswich, and at the Branch Offices at Colchester, Chelmsford, Lowestoft, and Bury St. Edmunds. East Anolian" Printing Works, Garr Street, Ipswich. i 1, »-f, »: ^vi-.. TE|VIISGfl|VII[100E. . -1 ■<■: ^ . ->";:;£*"• " . Introduction. Twenty-five years ago the problem that confronted me and my lawful guardians was— whicli of all England's numerous Colonies would likely prove most suitable as a field for my youthful energies. Fate ruled that the ultimate choice should fall upon the Dominion of Canada, and I have no' repented. I had nothing definite to build upon, and the very vagueness of my future added the charm of romance to the venture. Visions of wealth filled my youthiul soul with enthusiasm, though in what particular manner I proposed to achieve this consummation so devoutly to he wished, had not furmuhited itself in my mind. Luckily for the peace of mind of young men about to emigrate to the Colonies, such details are not considered essential. They simply feel assured that their real merits, so long obscured by the selfish insularity of the British public, will be recognized by the more liberal, but less experienced colonists, and that many of the latter, possessors of wealth and lucrative businesses, are anxiously on the look-out for such clever young men to manage these businesses for tliem, with prospects of a speedy partnership, and (who shall say]) a lovely daughter with a paying dowry thrown in. • SuflBce to say, I landed in due time at Quebec, a lonely lad, utterly inexperienced in the ways of this wicked world, and innocent of the very rudiments of business. I need hardly say that the wealthy colonial philanthropist was not on the dock waiting for me ; perhaps he did not know I was coming, and, with a heavy heart, and thoroughly homesick, I pushed on further inland. This is not intended to be an autobiography, therefore I shall cut it short l)y saying that my conception of the situation soon changed, and I realized that, before I could hope to achieve success in anything, I must first qualify myself by starting at the very lowest rung of the ladder, and not attempt to teach until I myself was taught. After many vicissitudes, I did achieve partial success, and hence this little book, for I made a mental resolution to the effect that, if I were ever in a posititm to aid, by advice or otherwise, young men who, like myself, were thrown upon the tender mercies of an unfeeling world, I would do so. strange to say, fate so moulded my career that to-day I can give definite counsel to those who wish to emigrate ; and, not only that, I have been brought to anchor in a new district, full of agricultural and commercial possibilities, one that is destined to become one of the most flourishing sections of the Dominion, and to which I can safely and conscientiously advise all who wish to emigrate to go. I mean the District of Temiscamingue, a short description of which will be found further on. Lake Temiscamingae. Twenty-five years ago school children were taught that Lake Temiscamingue was the source of the River Ottawa, a fallacy that was disproved on closer examination by competent men, who found that it was merely an expansion of the Ottawa, the source of which must be looked for between tliree and four hundred miles further north and east. In those days, however, little was known of our vast possessions north of the line of settlement, they being generally considered rough and unfit for cultivation, and with a climate so rigorous as to preclude all ideas of agricultural possibilities, fit only as the habitation of fur-bearing animals, or of the Indians who hunted them. The last few years have proved that this was all a grave mistake, and that, geographically, Temiscamingue is further south than many countries famous for their cereals — south of Lojidon, of Paris, of Vienna, and of the best wheat-growing sections of European Russia, whilst on our own continent Manitoba and the great North-West are to us in latitude as is the North Pole. Even Rainy River, lately proved suitable for agriculture, is north of Temiscamingue, while Minnesota, Dakota, and parts of Michigan are away north, and yet people will talk of almost per- petual snow and ice in these regions, where a glance at the map will show those who know anything of geography, latitude, and isothermal lines, that Temiscamingue lies in the very centre of the best wheat-producing belt of the world. Therefore, having proved that geographically and logically the climate is all that could be desired, practical demonstration of which will be found further on, let us now consider the nature and quality of the soil. The Soil. Contrary to all geological theories and expectations, there has been deposited at the northern or upper end of Lake Temiscamingue an extensive bed of limestone exceedingly fossiliferous, and, geologically speajjing, of the Silurian epoch. This limestone has 3 been worn away in most places by the action of the ice durinp; the glacial age, ground to powder, in fi\ct, and the resultinj? sediment mixed with that of other rocks lias been deposited in the basin of that sea where the limestone was originally formed, thus making a magnificent snb-soUof calcareous clay, upon which, age after age, the black mould formed of decayed veg(->tnble matter has gathered and accumulated until it has become perfect for the use of man, nature's heirloom to her children, pre-arranged and pre-ordained, a farm factory started hundreds of thousands of years ago, silently and wonderfully manufacturing farms for a generation foreseen only by the All-foreseeing One. Why waste further words in describing the soil? Those who run may read, and, reading, know that such a soil so made must be the very hest for agriculture. Geologically speaking, thoj*efore, Tcmiscamingue is undoubtedly suitable for agriculture, and it only now remains to prove by practice what has been proved by theorj' ; but this comes under another heading and will be found further on. The Timbep. This is the least attractive, because he most misleading feature of the country. It has often been sivii that the quality ot the soil can be judged by the timber. This may he true, Init the locality must also be reckoned with. Once learnt what kind of land to expect under certain kinds of timber in certain localities, then the rule holds good ; but to expect to decide the quality of the soil in north-eastern Ontario by the same timber test that holds good in south-western Ontario is apt to load one astray. The timber here on the best land is small, and as a rule composed of poplar, bivlsara, spruce, birch, balm of gilead, and tamarack. In places cedar is very plentiful, and grows to an enormous size on comparatively high ground. The small size of the timber is not the result of the soil, hut on account of its being comparatively a young growth. Over one hundred years ago ii rnighty fire must have swept these forests bare, and the present covering is but an overgrown second growth. The advantage of such light timber is obvious. Logging becomes a possibility to a man not made of iron, or who does not wisli to become prematurely old ; while the land can be stumped so much the sooner. Five years after chopping, any ordinary team will tear out most of the stumps, and consequently new farms soon take the appearance of old ones. The fflarkets. The Ottawa Iliver is famous for its pineries. Lumbering operations on a large scale are carried on every year. The shanties, consetiuently, are the principal markets, and prices of produce, ns a matter of com-se, flnotuute according to tlie supply and demand. Oats have started in the fall at 60 cents per bushel, and reached ."^1.25 by the spring. Hay has been sold as high as $5U one year, loose in the barn, and iu the foll(»wing year offered for )i<15 pressed. But of late years the prices have become more steady, which is a better sign and nidicative of a general improve- ment l)()th in the supply and demand. Tlic jirescut prices are about a fair sample of what to expect, though, o{' course, the nearer approach of the railroad will have a modilyiug effect en them, and iu most cases, though insuring a mon.' steady market, the effect will be to lower them. Tlie lollowing are the quotations of the fall of 1895 : Hay, per ton, pressed at farm, ^20 ; oats, per bushel, 00 cents; barley, per bushel, ii^l ; peas, per bushel, 60 cents; wheat, per bushel, $1.50; beans, per bushel, ,s3 ; potatoes, per bag, 60 cents; turnips, per bag, 25 cents; butter, per pound, 25 cents; pork, green, per pound, H cents ; beef, per pound, 7 cents. What the Country uiill Qvom. Anything that can be grown in a temperate climate can be growu on Temiscamingue soil, even to some of the tenderest vegetables, as the following will show : — V(>ijct(ihles : Beans, beets, cabbage, cauliflower, carrots, celery, cucumbers, corn, lettuce, melons, onions, parsnips, peas, pumpkins, potatoes, radishes, rhubarb, squash, tomatoes, tobacco, turnips. Cereals: Barley, oats, peas, wheat. Fruits: Apples, plums, grapes, gooseberries, currants, rasp- berries, strawberries. Everything included in the above list has been successfully grown, and it is probable that if anything else yet remains to complete those lists it would prove equally successful. The wild fruits are unusually plentiful, and Temiscamingue' blueberries are famous. Its wild plums are more famous for their quality than tbeir quantity, though even they are more numerous than iu most bush countries, and are wonderfully large and sweet ; better, in fact, than many garden sorts. Wild strawberries, raspberries, and gooseberries are also plentiful, and in some spots on the broken limestone of the lake shore the wild grape grows and ripeus iu a manner that would do credit to the sunniest slopes of Southern Ontario. « Th? Seasons. Seeding time commences about the first week in May, and ends, so far as oats are concerned, about the fourth of June, though oats have been sown as late as the liOth of Jun(>, and have done fairly well. Potatoes can ho planted as late as the l?Ofli (4 Jtme, and it does not profit niiu.-h to put tlieni in before tlie 2 Ith ot May. Corn, oucunihcrs. and melons can be sown .-tboiit tlmt da^e. Tiie snow bt'irins to nidt abont tlie Tith of April, find i.s all gone by tlio lirst week in May, somotimt?s earlier. Navigation opens not later than tlio Kitli of May. Haying conunencts about the Mth of July, harvest t'ac 15th of August. Tiie liill is open, and the large lalie is seldoni fiMzon before the second week in' Decomber. In winter the cold is not bo intense as would be expected, and the lowest readings of the thermometer give 'remiscauiinyue the advantage over many oilier places turther south. ]\Sinerals. When Sir William Logan firi^t passed through this seetion many years ago, he recognized the importance of its miiierals. He is reported to have said that the day would come when the mines of Temiscamingue would employ more men than the pine forests. It seems that Sir William was right, for tlie mineral discoveries of late years have been of considerable imjioriance, showing the existence of minerals of nearly every descriptinu — silver-bearing galena, copper, iron, nickel, mica, and asbestos — while through it all run traces of gold, giving promise of im- portant discoveries in that respect in the tuture. So far only a few of those "finds" have been brought before public notice, chief of which are the Wright galena mine of Temiscamingue, the Guay or Girard nickel mine also of Temis- camingue, the Klock galena and copper mine on ^Laitreall liver, the Gilligan copper mine on the same river, the Ferguson cupper 8.nd gold mines on Temagamingne, the Cockbnrn Cross Lake Mine ou the same lake, and sundry other " finds " all thi'ougli the district, all awaiting better means of communication for their development, and indicative of the fact that, though these first finds may not prove bonanzas, at least minerals are plentiful in the country, and when, by fires or otherwise, the district shall have been denuded of its forests, the words of Sir William Logan will be verified, and mining will be one of the chief industries of Temiscamingue and its neighbourhood. A glance at the geological map will show that Sudbury is on but a narrow arm of the great Huronian belt stretching diagonally through the districts of Algoma and Nipissing. The developments at Sudbury were made possible only by the Canadian Pacific Railway. A new railway will also be the means of developing a greater than Sudbury here. f Tlie Geological Survey Department ftt Ottawa bave paid more atteution to tliis section than to any other. Their reports con- stantly call attoutioa to the possibility and liUeliliood ot' immense minLTul (loi)08its being found on Lakes Temiscaraingue and Temagaminyue and the Montreal River, and their testimony is valuahle because they are not privately interested in the country. The Pine. On the Quebec side of the lake much timber has already been taken ofF, and still they are busy at it ; but on the Ontario aide, ten miles west of the lake, the limits are as jet unsold. J:\ spite of serious fires, the result of criminal stupidity on the part of men who should have known better, there is yet a considerable quantity of pine awaiting the axe, the cutting of which will insure u market and employment for this settlement for many years to come. In the townships to be opened for settlement very little pine is found. It apparently was destroyed by that great fire which swept through it one hundred years ago, as proved by the long low mounds of rotten wood, moss-covered and obscure tombs of the mighty giants of the forest, who towered over the rest in bygone centuries. Water. This district has an abundant supply of excellent water. It is a perfect network of creeks, both large and small. The water in them is unusually clear and cold, and as a rule not the result of surface drainage, but of perpetual springs. "What eftect the clearing of the bush will have on them it is hard to say, but the geological formation of the country would imply that there is not much likelihood of their running dry, for springs welling np through a clay soil are, as a rule, not much aftected by surface changes. Game and fish. All kinds of deer, such as moose, cariboo and red deer, are plentiful, as are fish of the ordinary kinds, such as bass, pike, pickerel and trout, wherever there are small lakes, but, as a rule, in the best townships there are very few small lakes, which is a good sign, for many small lakes mean much rock. Large tracts of good clay soil are generally free of lakes. The People. It mny seem strange tliat a eertaiu locality should have any effect upon the tenipfruuient of the people tlwelliug therein, yet such is the case, and the effect of Temiscarainguo is to call forth the very hest attributes of humanity, charity, off-handedness, and extraordinary hospitality. Tliis has been universally recognised by all who have paid a visit to this lake, and though this distinctive feature may apply to the whole length of the Ottawa Kiver, Temiscaniingue prides herself in it, and the general hope is, that long rcay she retain that reputation. Saui Mills, Grist ]\tills and Stores. There is at present one saw mill in the settlement, also a grist mill and a good store. The name of the post-office is Haileybury, close to the mill, on the lake shore, in the third concession of the township of liucke. There are two other mills on the Quebec side of the lake, and a number of stores, so that everything require d in reason by settlers can be procured at about the same figure as it would cost to bring it iip. Railmays. These are one of the most important factors in the development of a new country, therefore I cannot pass them over without mention. A.t present the nearest railroad terminus to Haileybury is Gordon Creek, sixty-five miles distant, and ■between it and Haileybury good steamers run during navigation, which lasts about seven months in the year. This branch line of the great Canadian Pacific Railroad runs from Mattawa along the Northern or Eastern shore of the Ottawa river, until it surmounts all rapids and touches the lower end of Temiscamingue Lake. It is the intention of the Railway Company to push this line as fast as possible along the shore to the upper end of the lake, and in addition to this, there are two other charters in existence, held by two distinct companies, whose object is to connect the Temiscamingue country with Toronto in a direct line, the ultimate destination of both being Moose Factory, the Hudson Bay Company's Fort on James' Bay ; of course, when these lines are all constructed, Temiscamingue will be unusually blessed in the matter of railway connection. General Information. Temiscamingue signifies " deep water." so, and we have adopted their name. The Indians called it 8 It has been a great fur-trading centre of the Hudson Bay ■Company, and. before tliem, of the North- West Company. The fort, or trading post, still stands, thou2:h no more nsed for trade. It has become a popular resort for summer tourists, being one of the most picturesquely-situated spots on the lake. Upon a point opposite it., and with it forming a narrows, stands the first Roman •Catholic mission house, now also abandoned and falling into ruins, new buildings having been erected at Bale des Peres on the Quebec side, the nucleus of the French settlement in that Province. The boundary line between Ontario and Quebec follows the Ottawa River, and, pas-sing through Temiscamingue Lake to its northern extremity, leaves the River Ottawa and heads straight north to the height of land between James Bay and the river system of the St. Lawrence, throwing into Ontario the fertile valley of the White River, the future homes of thousands, where are farms or the making of farms, through whi*'h the plough will run from end to end, level and clear of stones. Touinships Opened for Sale. On the 29th of May, 1891, the following Order in Council was passed by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council : Upon the consideration of the report of the Honorable the Commissioner of Crown Lands, dated 27th May instant, the Committee of Council advise that the Commissioner be authorised to place such of the lands in the Townships of Lorrain, Bucke, Hudson, Dymond, Harris, Casey, Harley, Kerns, Henwood, Bryce, Beauchamp, Armstrong, Hilliard, Brethour, Ingram, Evanturel, Dack, Robillard, Sbarpe, Savard, Chamberlain, Marter, Pacaud, Marquis and Blair, as he may deem advisable, upon the market for sale to actual settlei's, at the price of fifty cents (2/-) per acre, one-half cash, and balance in two yearly instalments, with interest, subject to the following conditions : Actual residence upon the land purchased for four years from the date of purchase, clearing and having under cultivation and crop at least ten acres for every hundred acres, and building a habitable house at least sixteen feet by twenty feet, such condi- tions to be fulfilled before issue of patent ; also subject to the following regulations respecting pine timber : All pine trees growing or being upon the said land so sold shall be considered as reserved from such sale, and such lands shall be subject to any timber license covering or including such land in force at the time of such sale, or granted or renewed within four years from the date of such sale, or granted or renewed prior to the filing of the proof of the completion of the settlement duties in the Depart- b 9 meat of Crown Lands, and such trees may be cut and ronioved from such Innd under the authority of any such timber licenses, wliile lawfully in force, but the purchaser at such sale, or those claiming under him, may cut and use such trees ns may be necessary for the purpose of building and fencing on the land so purchased, and may also cut and disjiose of all trees required to be removed in actually clearing said land for cultivation, but no pine trees, except for the necessary building and fencing as aforesaid, shall be cut beyond the limit of such actual clearing, before the issuing of the patent for such lands, and all pine trees so cut and disposed of (except for the necessary building and fencing as aforesaid), shall be subject to the payment of the same dues as are at the time payable by the holders of licenses to cut timber or sawlogs. Provided, however, that this order shall not apply to any land to be sold as mining land under " The General Mining Act of 1869," and amendments thereto. In accordance with the foregoing Order in Council, the Com- missioner of Crown Lands has opened for sale the lauds in the Townships of Bucke, Hudson, Dymond, Harris, and Casey, bordering the western chores of Lake Temiscamingue, at fifty cents (2.'-) per acre, upon the terms and conditions mentioned above. In some cases the Government accept even less than the fifty per cent, cash, provided the locatee is a real bona-fide settler, and they are very reasonable in this respect, and will accept a smaller sum as first payment. To all Sorts and Conditions of |^en. If you are well off in England, stay where you are. but if, on the other hand, you are ambitious, and dissatisfied with your lot here, to my mind you cannot do better than emigrate to Canada. Other places may, from time to time, present advantages, but, as a rule, they are ephemeral. To-day a boom, to-morrow disaster; while Canada is ever the same, a land where progress is often slow, but always sure ; where a man is not utterly condemned, and put below the pale, if he earns his living by manual labour; where the very first stepping-stone to success is an ability, and a willingness, to use the hands as well as the head. What more conclusive argument could I bring in its favour with those who are accustomed to toil, and who know what a day's work is. Some of Canada's Avealthiest men to-day are men who have commenced on nothing. That is one of the advantages of the country ; it is no respecter of persons ; its chances are open equally to the rich and the poor alike. 10 Where to go ? That is a question of the utmost importance. There are many places in Canada whose conditions are to a great extent similar to those in England, and I really see no advantage to any man in going there, especially the cities, which ai'e absolutely the same as English cities, with a few days more of sunshine thrown in. Therefore, the only parts worth considering are the new and undfveloped districts, and even of them I would fain speak cautiously, only going bail for what I really know, for in this age of misrepresentation much is both said and written that is not true. Temiscumingue I know, and I have unlimited confidence in its future. Climate. It is the custom to look upon Canada as intensely cold, and this impression is often heightened by the natural love of exag- geration peculiar to humanity. More especially is this tho case where young men who have emigrated want to shock their female relatives at home, and pass as cheap heroes, which, in itself, would be harmless were it not for the fact of its creating false impressions upon the mind of the general public. In the first place, the list of vegetables which this country is capable of growing is proof in itself that the climate is anything but Arctic, and though the winters are undoubtedly colder than in England, still the extreme dryness of the atmosphere makes the cold less trying than an ordinary winter in England, where one feels a few degrees below the freezing point more than we fee. in Canada the same number of degrees below zero. The Class of |\Ien uiho should go. To my mind the agricultural labourer has the best of it. He exchanges the life of a dependent for the independence of a proprietor, and the result is a direct step in advance. The tenant farmer should also consider the question, and make up his mind whether it is better for him to work the land of others or be himself the owner, Tlie young man who has no profession, and for whom there is no other alternative than to step down, throw oft' his coat, and go to work with his hands (a th>g he could not do in his own country without losing caste) would certainly be justified in going, provided he understands, realizes, and accepts those conditions, not necessarily permanent, but simply to qualify him for better. 11 Impressions on Arrival. Judging by my own experience and, T may say, that ot others, the first impressions on arrival are those of disappointment. It is not what one's fancy pictured it. In fact, it is impossible for those who have never seen it to form a right conception of what it actually is. I can only say that all the romantic element must be entirely excluded and replaced by the prosaic. It is a land of plain, practical common sense ; where the sun rises and sets exactly as it does in England, where the hours for meals come round as regularly as in other lands, and where the principle aim and object in life is to have something on hand to meet those ever-recurring hours. In appearance, after leaving much-cultivated England, it shocks one by its roughness ; not of its cultivated portions, for they in many cases compare favourably with some of England's richest counties ; in ftict, to-day, the cost of land in such sections is equal to, if not in excess of that for which English farms are sold. But the new-comer is struck by the enormous amount of waste land, land which is unfit for cultivation, and which often separates by many miles the fertile belts, themselves enormous in extent and capable of supporting millions. Is Capital Necessat^ ? If I were sending a son to Canada, I would give him no capital. I would insist, first, that he should become thorouglily acquainted with the manners and customs of the country, and, moreover, prove himself capabla of maintaining himself with his own hands, before I would entrust him with one penny for invest- ment ; for otherwise he would be sure to lose it ; and even, after he had been there some time, if he were to write to me saying that he had struck a chance in which there were millions if he only had the capital to invest, 1 would say, "go slow, young*man," and I would investigate that chance, or get someone upon whom I could rely to do so, before I would supply the capital, for the world is full of snares and pitfalls for the unwary, and especially is the young and inexperienced Englishman considered the lawful prey of sharks. Of course, to men who have learnt the lesson of life, all this docs not apply, but my advice even to them is — be cautious : you will be perfectly justified in spending money in developing your farm, and the more money you have tJie better for you, but see first that you are likely to get the value of your money before you spend it, and do not altogether despise the advice of those who have had experience, for methods suitable for England are not always suitable for Canada. Above all, remember that you are never too old to learn. 12 At uihat Age ? Ah young as possible. When a boy has arrived at the age of seveiitoon or eighteen, it is quite time for him to be shaping his career towards some definite end. Save tlie expense of a University career, for in this aa[e of keen competition so many run, and so few receive a prize. Unless a young man shows exce[»tional application, it is unlikely that he will gain high University honours, and for even those who do, the rewards are not very great. The ordinary English boy is intelligent, but not a genius. He loves athletic exercise, but abhors study ; therefore let him turn his athletic tendencies to some practical use, and do not spend a large sum in order that he may run up and down the banks of the Cam, or indulge in some such other violent exercise which will bring no practical results, but rather give him full scope for such physical energy, so that it shall bring him one step nearer the goal of self support. Apart from that, a residence at a University evolves expensive tastes, and it is rather a cruel thing to practically say to a young man : — "I have given you a good education, taught you to know good port from bad — in fact, have made a gentleman of you, by instilling into you the tastes of a gentleman ; now, go and make money wherewith to gratify those tastes, for I have not the money to give you." Why, the very money so spent, if reserved for his use, after he lias gained experience in Canada, would probably give him a chance of making an independent living, if not a fortune. What to do tuith your Boy. If possible, send him to the house of some personal friend, if you have one in Canada, if not, to someone whose respectability is beyond question, and who is willing to take him j only pay for his board, by the week or by the month, after it becomes due. Make it purely a business transaction, and do not expect more than the weekly board for the money. The object to be gained is that your son may have a base from which to commence his first tentative efforts in the struggle of life. A young man, if there is anything in him, and he means business, should very soon he able to relieve you from this expense, which, by the by, should not exceed from twelve to sixteen shillings a week, according to the quality of board. At the same time, do not lose sight of him even after he makes the first break, for the employment he gets may not last long, or he may find it hard to stick to it, and that is the time when he really 13 needs a home such as the ordinary hotel cr tavern will not give him, the owner of which is siinply working out his legitimate ends by making money whenever the chance occurs; and, moreover, the temptations to drink whiskey that are thrown in the way of a lonely lad in such places often culminate in a spoilt career. Therefore, if he can go back to the friends witii whom he first lived, it is best, and that phice after a time becomes to him a home. On no account pay a premium, unless, indeed, yon havr such a thorough knowledge of tlie person you are sending liim to, and also confidence in your boy that he will stay where you put liim for a specified term, that you feel sure tliat you are not risking your money for nothing. Indeed, it is better in any cfise to make payments of the kind quarterly or half-yearly, and on no account pay in advance if you can help it. Do not depend on letters of introduction. They sim[)!y mean an invitation to dinner, at the most ; and possibly after a youth has given evidence of the mettle that is in him, they miglit lie the means of arousing an interest in his career, but it is ridiculous to expect comparative strangers to throw open their doors to, and practically adopt, your son, simply because he is going to a coiony. You would not do it for others in England, and, therefore, do not expect it of your acquaintances in Canada. What a Yoang ]V[an shoald do uiith the feui pounds he brings. ' Let him try and forget that he has it, and shape his course as if he had nothing ; let him cling to his money as if it were a near and a dear friend, for money is so much more easily spent than njade. You, young men, to whom money has come easily, do not think that the respect in which a nuxn is held is measured by the amount of money he spends ; one of the greatest drawbacks to men of your class is their inability to learn the value of money, and the lavishness with which they spend it. It is not considered the height of chivalry and honour to throw money away in a lordly manner, and be unable to meet your legitimate engagements when they become due. Men of sense rate such conduct as a fool's trick, and have little sympathy with it. Outfit Required. No especial outfit is required. The Koniaus rightly named baggage " Impedimenta," and too much t)f it becomes a nuisance. This idea of fitting out a young man a« if he were going to the North Pole on a picnic is a grievous error. Nor does he need 14 guns, revolvers, and knives, as if about to join an expedition to force some Afghan pass, or spend the Bhootiug season at Sand- ringliam. He can purchase in Canada, as he needs them, clothes more suitable for the climate than he can get here ; therefore his ordinary wardrobe, with an odd extra suit thrown in, and possibly a travelling rug, or pair of blankets besides, should be quite enough to begin on. A good gun is always a nice thing to own in any country, though, if he sticks to business, he may not have many opportunities of using it, but a revolver is a useless and dangerous toy, while howie knives are worn, stuck in a belt, only by lunatics and greenhorns. To the Agpicaltaral Iiabourep. I have said little to you, for the good reason that there is little to be said. The advantages of taking stake in this new country, while the chance is open, are so self evident that they need not be recounted. The only thing that I would impress upon your mind is, the fact that it is essentially a country of work, and hard work at that. Life is not a picnic in the back- woods, and, if the wages are better than in this country, you have to earn them. I have been through the mill myself, and so know exactly what a day's work is, and I can moreover assure you that I never lost weight on it, but rather the reverse ; therefore it can be no killing matter, and certainly not more than men can bear. Wages and Genepal Prospects of Work. I may say that Temiscamingae holds out especial inducements in this respect. It is in the heart of the lumbering district of the Upper Ottawa, and there is no difficulty in obtaining in the lumber camps, during the winter mouths, wages ranging from three to four pounds a month and board. Moreover, I have arranged with the Commissioner of Crown Lands for Ontario that, in the event of any number of people coming out from England to this new district, the Government will spend a considerable sum of money in making roads whore they are located, the amount of which will be in proportion to the number requiring employment. IWarried ov Single. To my mind, the single man has the best chance. His expenses are necessarily less, and he has generally a freer hand. Besides, a woman is more conservativ'e by nature, and clings more tenaciously to her early associations than a man. She would feel 15 more keenly a change of circumstances and any temporary hard ships such chanf?e might insure. In the case, however, where a man hus sufficient money to establish his wife with some comfort in her new home, I see no objection to being married, provided a man recognizes that there are the tastes and comfort of two people to be considered, instead of one. It ia probable, however, that the lady herself would remind him of thvs. One Advantage of Canada. It is essentially loyal to the mother country. No colony in the world holds more loyal hearts, and Englishmen wlio come here are not subjected to the annoyance of hearing the country they love abused. It is true tiiat we are Americans, simply because we live on the Continent of America, but we are as diametrically opposed to the United States as two people of the same nationality ';ould be. We are simply transplanted Englishmen, Irishmen, and Scotch- men, and have no sympathy with the Anti-English clique, which is a power in American politics, though, be it said, to the credit of our neighbours over the border, that the bulk of them in reality love and admire the nation from which they sprung, and it takes no great power of divination to foretell, in the future, a grand national alliance, which shall, at one time, set the world at defiance in tlie interests of peace and be the natural outcome of the great colonizing activity of the Anglo-Saxon races during the last and present century. What does it all lead to ? This is a question that so entirely depends on the man that it is not easy to answer, except in the case of the agricultural labourer, who, come what may, must benefit by the change. I should say that it would be the same in the case of the tenant farmer. But when it comes to the highly-educated young man, without a profession and unaccustomed to work, everything depends on himself and his willingness to work. I can only say that there is plenty of room for such men, and that if they will only acquire the practical knowledge that is so necessary a quali- fication for holding a superior position, they will not find it hard to got a good berth, for there is always plenty of room on the top, and then their education stands them in good stead. Men of business in Canada are always glad to employ English- men, for, as a rule, they are honourable, trustworthy and manly ; about their only fault being that they consider that their mission in life is to straighten the Universe. 16 In conclusion, I have lived a quarter of a century in this country, and during that time I never saw a man worth calling a man in want of a meal. Houl to get there. Thp Allnu ftkiambna i t liiinhn , s ngf . nt . s at-nca,rlj all the principal t owua in EBgl w ind i ft» d a pnitrnril uddr a is a d to tboir offio a .j tt Arrangements will probably be made at an early date so that tickets will be issued from England to Haileybury direct, which will be an advantage, as the Canadian Pacific Railway does all it possibly can towards lessening the inconveniences of travel, and encouraging immigration by the reduction of fares. The Good faith o! it all. It is very easy for a man to promulgate a doctrine and lay down the law if he is in a position where he cannot be held responsible for his opinions and representations. With me it is different. I live in Temiscamingue, and can easily be got at. It is probable that in any event I shall be brought to task by some malcontents, and be asked to eat my words, but I have sufficient confidence in my scheme to be willing to face the music in this respect, and accept some abiise given in haste, awaiting the sure and certain repentance that will come at leisure. Conclasion. It has been impossible for me to cover all the ground that this subject would embrace. There are an infinite number of details which I have left untouched ; such as : — How to get there ] When to gol How to secure land? The cost of the journey, etc. All these questions, and many others that might suggest themselves to those wishing to emigrate, I would answer by letter. Let me add that I have endeavoured to avoid exaggeration as much as possible, and that which I have written I believe in. If at times my representations appear too rose-coloured and over-drawn, attribute it to a pardonable enthusiasm, evolved by conviction. Above all, let it be distinctly understood that an influx of settlers to Temiscamingue from England would be of no especial benefit to me ; for, though allowing the obvious advantage of population to a man who, like myself, has a large stake in the country, this district is filling up so fast, and with its many advantages will fill up so fast with people already in the country, that there will be no need for me to induce men from across the seas to take stake in it ; but I wish to give my fellow-countrymen the first ofier, the first chance, so that they, if they will, can share an heritage which of right belongs to them ; for we are all Englishmen, and it is due to England's pluck and fighting powers that such a chance lies open for her children to-day. ntury in this ^rth calling a the principal loii' offioe^ L infnrrHHtion early date so direct, which y docs all it ' travel, and •ine and lay lot be held jue, and can t to task by but I have 36 the music awaiting the nd that this ;r of details get there? he journey, fht suggest" 3r by letter, (caggeration ieve in. If jver-drawn, onviction. ti influx of iio especial vantage of ake in the its many le country, across the Juntrymen , can share ive are all ng powers