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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. f errata d to It le pelure, pon A n 1 2 3 3iX 1 2 3 4 5 6 PAPERS AND DESPATCHES IIKT.ATINC. TO THF. ARCTIC SEARCHING EXPEDITIONS OF 1850-51. TOGETHEU WITH A TF.W BRIEF REMABKS AS TO THE probable (Course pursuctJ bg S>ix Soljn JFtanhlin. ILLUSTRATED BY A GENERAL CHART OF THE FIELD OF SEARCH, AND A SPECIAI, MAP OF BEECHEY ISLAND. LONDON : I'RANCIS & JOHN RIVINGTON, ST. PAUl/s CHlTRCn YARD, AND WATBRLOO PLACE. 1 CONTENTS. Animals available as fooil in tlip Arctic Regions Arctic Comniiltee - - - . Austin, Captain, Dospatclies - - . and Captain IVnny, cnnvspondoncp hotwoon Exploring Vessels and tlieir Otfieers Franklin's Instructions, Digest of - Franklin, Lady, Letter to Mr. Grinnell — Opinion as to Franklin's Coursn Keys to Places on Section Nautical Magazine, Article from Penny, Captain, Despatches Pirn's projected examination of the Siheiian Coast Line, etc. Sabine, Colonel, opinion as to Franklins Course L'nited States' Expedition Weld, :Mr. C. R., Letter to the " Times " W. F., Letter to the " Times" •H ••!•.> \\ :t7 r>.!( 11 is 41 ;lfi :!:( U U Remarks as to tlie probalde course pursued by Franklin's Expedition U (Ieneual Chart Map of PF.ErHEV Ist,anp fjicing ])ftge - 5 - IVI liirimui^. lUiNii-.ii, :'>~, } the adoption, likewise, of a novel species of arrangement, an ininienst! range and facility of Eeference will he afforded within a cftnijiaratively limited compass ; and in lieu of the present eumhrous and teasing system of isolated alphahetical sequence, the forthcoming work will give places, cities, and natural features in their connected and collateral relation. A detailed prospectus will he shortly issued. . (if ISt! tod Led ral XiV^, ^4 I i ■f. „.»; fc 'A. * o t a ^ ii ■t III STSV>>'* f TU FIND A I'LACK IN TIIK I.IST. Ilow, in tho first in^'tiiiice, shouUl we look for Caiie IIci'kc/hI, ami nt once ro^iinllcss of liititudc uml longitiulc, obtain u key to it, luul to 4^2 other udjucunt plueotj ( KXAMI'LES :- No. ot' Mil]. Position NAMKS •11 Places. ^ .• -= 1 *>• t5 1 /. 11 iv II r -O 1 »"Ui.ir>. 1 1 i. l.l»'lllllV. > 5- lIciiiarkH. t 'iipo I li'i'Hchi'l I'nin' ' N. IVvoii. 1 . . Aiut-r. rior.:i'X, «tO:.M('\V. Adiu. Ciilio Itilcy • - •, CiiiH' 1 X. I»«'Y..U. |.. Aiiur. ; loi.'p'x. !lOo',;)'\v, VEI.UNGTON CHANNEL SECTION. To find a Place apon the Chart. Look for the name in the alphabetical list : for example Ilerscluf, Cape. In fka first column stamls B iv — the square in which the place is situated upon the map. In the second column appears^ — the compartment of that sijuare where the place will be found. In the third column -o ( W'rsf) stands the symbol by which the exact locality in the department is imiicated. So that tlie person in search of a place reads (in this instance) Ji — four — vine — West; and burthens his memory with these data o«^y whilst turning from the list to the map. ABANDON' HAY KATKR (ATK NAMKS PLACES. Position. 3 C •S. Alniiiiloii Itiiy. . Adiiir Ciipr A'liiiji Isliiiiil .. Adiliiiil.' Hiiy .. Aililiiiilo I't'li- ■( insula .... t .\r.<'lll>r .Mi'MiiiiIi'r liiKi .\Ilint,'iiiii. t'liiM- Allison liay .Mlison Inii't . . .Vnilii'i'sl Islainl -Vniiiiiikc Anne, ('iii>r .Xnlnilins, Ciipi' Apiiiiiviit lliuli. .\lilinr<'iii lliirli. .\iiiii,'iuik Anniiiitri' I'dimi. AiT.wsnuili, I'. Ailisis |!;iy .\ssisliuiii'il:i;li. .\striiM. SiHV. Is Alhiil, Cui'i' Atliol. Isl;iiul .. Aikinscin Ti'lnt. Autviilurc liiiy . . Anwuk-loo -to- iik liivor .... liiiMniLTi' Hiiy . . liiuk I'oint .... A llaffln l?iiy ..H C Hiittinlsliin.ls.. IS.iillio !:..;;m1- lo". Islaiul . . HiikovH«v .... Hak.T Isknul .. Iliilli'MiIi'ii l.iike Hunks Wws .... Hanks I.aiut . . H.irintr May. . . . Harini: Fslaml. . llaili'W Inlot . . Harrow Iiiloi .. Harnnv Strait. . Parry, Capo HailmiNi Inlet.. Hailnnst T.aiul . Hatty Hay . . . . He.ir Isliuiil. . . . Heant'ort Islnds. Heant'ort I.anU.. Heelier, Cape . . Heiit'ord Hay . . Heeoliey Hay . . Heoihey Cape. . Heo.'liey Island Henjamin Hob- house Inlet . Herens, Cape . Heverloy Inlet. Heverley IsKis. Hiril. t'npp . . . Hisson. Capo . Hlaek Hlutr... Hlack lulcl . . . \\ iv C vii I', iii C iv K iii C V I) viii ii i; vi 15 iv X V. i .V vi I) viii l» IV It viii H iii I ; V I-: v C iv I) vii Div l» \iii I', vi l> iv I : V i: iii C iv 1 ; iv .\ vii l> iv I-; ii I', v Div I> iv i; ii )vi ' vin H viii Hiv I : V l> iii i; iv H vi Hi H iv It iii n iv Y. iii C iv, V .V vi I', i Hiii C iv l" ii K iii A Hiii H iv It ii It iv Hi I It iv C v V. iv jltii \V. iii il> iv P viii PMi i i: T 5 lb I ip -0 ? o- I? I Y NAM':s OF PLACES. ltlack\v Itoiiihia, (iullol'll'. Position ^- X-Vs. .,„,| Itoothia, I Houiity. Cai Howilen. Capo Howell. Cape I'owi'ii I'ori . . Hrodie Hay . . Itreiitlord I'my. . Itridport Inlet HrookiU'' Cuni-I ini; Inlet . . . Hi'own Island. I'-rown Point . Itrowiie Island. Hrowne Islds. liiirlian Hiiv . 11 7 iv 1 II 1 111 H III.IV IV, V iv 1 ] i' .'► iv .s VI !• IV !l VlU :) IV I II •") V 1 IV 1 II iii viii Itueliaii Island..! H viii V I'lUllen. Cape .. riiinii Inli't . . . . liiiniiy, Ciipe . . Huriiet Inlet . . liuniey. Cape . . Ituslimiin. (live Hiishiinni l.sld. . Itule Island.... Hyani Strait Ityaiii IMariin I. Ityani Martin \ Mountain. . ) Ityron liay . . . . tnledon. Cape. . Caltliorpt' Islds. Caiulirid:.,'e Hav. iC ' C VI Campbell Hay. .1'. Carureiiholiii. C.iH Carriek Jloore,! ^■■'l'<- |1> Caiy Islands .. iA CasilereaL'li.Cp. 'C Castor iV I'olliix; liiver K Casw all's Tower It Catharine Islds. I'. Chapman. Cape I', iliapmiinlslaiid 1'. Charles York I'ape Cheere Island. . Chester Hay . . Christian, Cajie. Christianl'iede- riek. Cane . . Clarenee. ajie . Clareiue Hoint. Cloiistiin roiiits Clyde. Kiver . . Cobban I'oint. . (.'oboiiii; Bay . . Coekburn. I'ape Coekburn IsKi. . Coreoraii I'oint. Colborne, Cape. 11 vii iv vi vi Comiuitiee H. Corn w.iUisI, and CoiouBtionC 0,{ 111 iv i V i ii vii iii vi iv iv viii i vi iii V V i V iv IV V vi ii vi' viii ii iii \ r. I o- \'^ h '-0 1 b \'\ 'o- o- o- NAMIvS PLACES. t'oulinan. Cape. Coiilts, Capi' . . I'outis Inlet . . Craul'iird. Cape. Cm.;:-vo11 l!ay. . Crimson ( llilU. . Crokir liay .... Ci'oker, Cape . . Culgrurt' Point.. Ciiiinin,L,'haiii, C. Cuiinini^liaijiln. CuniiiiiL:liai:i \ Mountains ) Dalryinple's Ilk itealy Island . . Dease i'oinis . . Deasci Strait .. Position, Deeision, roini ])o Haven, Ca;';' Hepot I'oint . . Devil's I'oiui .. |)oii,L,'las Itay . . I >liek 1 ,ake .... J1udleyl)i^'i,'s,C. I^undas Capo . . Ihiir.a liay. . , . I'.ardley liay . . l■'.al■dIey^VilnKlt Cape F.di;eW(irili. Cp. I'.dwards, Cape. Kdwards, Poini Kirliiilon, Cajuv i:ii/.dutli Har., i'lliee. Kiver . . I'.lwin li.-iy .... I'.lwin P.iiy .... T'.iiLrletield.Cape I'.veritt I'oint , . F;iiishawe. tape J'eaniiiU Hay . . l'<'li\. Cape . , . . Felix Harbour.. Fellt'oiit, Cape. . Finlaysou Hay., l-"iiilaysoii.lsld.. Fisher, (.'ape . . Fishers Islands Fitzf.'erald Hay.. Fitz^'erald Isid. Flinders, Cape.. FoLTiry ]!ay .... Four" liivers. Hay of I'ranklin Hay . . Franklin, l ape.. Fi -.nklin.C'ape.. Franklin Inli't.. Franklin Point. Fury Point Fury .V Heela ) sirait / Galina Point . . (iarnier Hay . . tianvit Island., liarry Hay .... liarry. Cape. . . . (iarry. Kiver . (faseogne Inlet . (ieddes. Cape . . (iernon Itay (iitTord. (ape . liitlord, liivei . .'ii; CitUmRn, Cape, .1u 111 vii vii v iv vii v i iii v iv VI ii i '1 iv iv iv viii iii iv vii i viii V iv iii ii vii iv ii iv v V i vi iv iii iv iv V i ii i iv ii i i iii V V i iv iii iv 1 3 i; vi 1 1 i i 9 iv ■1 \> HI s o- V iv 1 111 ti ? IV s o- iii li ; \ IV 1 9 ill 1 6 NAMl.S OK PLACES. Position. I (iladinaii Point, lilen Island. . . . (iloueester, I p. (irahani Moore. liay (iraham Moore Cape <-i anile. Cape (irant I'oint (M'ltlin I'oint • irillith Ca|>e (irittith Island (irillith I'oint (irinible l.-~liid (iriniiell. Capi Hakluyt Islaii Ilalkett Point., liallowell, Cap> liaise. Cape . Haniilioii liay. Hansteeii l.ake llar.lwieke. Cp..lli Harrison Island I', Harry (joodsir Inlot It Haihorn. Cape., 1> Hay. Cape . , . . H Hay. I'apo !(.' Ilearne. Point. .15 Heela and Firvi Islands jF Ileila iV liriper, Hav !P. Hele'n Island ..^K Ilersohel, Cape.ll! 1 II v iii It iii Heisehel. C iipe.jF Hewitt, Cape ..lU Heytesbiiry. C. .il) Hiiii;ston liav. .:lt Ho,^'artli Puiiit.. It Home Hay K Home. Cape . .jC Honeyman Isld. K Hooper Capo . .IK llooi'er Inlet Houi'or 1 slain Hope Hay .. Ili'likins Inlet Hoppiier. Cape. It Hoppner. Cape.].\ lloisbnrL'li, C..lli Horse's Head..;!'. Holhain. Capo. .jC HoustonStowoit Ulan.l Ii Howe Harbour.. C Hunii'hivvHoadl' slaiid.. H 'K ,! K llurd. (ape.. . Hurd. Cape. . . I-loohk Iniies I'oint. . . Isabella Hay . Isabella, (ape. Isabidla. (ape. daiksoii Inlet. dame?on. Capo .laiiiesou Islnds. .Tames Ifoss's Fiunhost .... .Tames Itoss, Sirait of 1". .Tekyll. Lake . .\V. .lohn Harrow ld.|.V .lours s..und . .ip Kaior. Cape. . ..'D Katcr, I. ape D VI iii iii iv VI iv ii IV iv vi V V ii vii iii vi iv iii vii vi ii 11 iv iv iii viii iv viii iv viii v V viii V ii V ii vi vi viii iv iii iii v v iv vi iv viii vi iii iv vii i iii iii iv iii v iv vui ^ ^— ^ , ~ 1. J. — — 1 p s ? •) b ,s b i; o- 4 "{ 7 or 1 d I I A s Y M ,S -0 >> P .'► d ■> d (i -0 I •5 V ■) I A b 4 1 b b .# -S d || -c ■1 ? 14 ;4 V b 5 \ :j 1 ? 1 (i -0 9 ,*« a 4 P s A I o- 4 r. A ;i o- 1 ^ ^ d 1 •) 1 '.1 d !'^ h I .Melville R cvrK. Position. 3^ Kiii I". V K lit Kiii f vi r iii K iii li iv 1'. vi (.' iv Uii Uiv liiv \ vi I', V 1-; V Hii I) vii i: iii .11! vi lll'.iv r Hiii 1 ) vii Hi .It- vi .jiUi '.iliiv .IBii JK iv 1! iv I-', iii ] U viii ' Div ' 11 viii I! iv K viii V !■; V K Viii I:: V liii K i !■: V Uii A vi livi I', viii jC- iv "'1! iii C iii (' V A V <■ iv I . vi r. iv li \iii A vi K iii (' iv .'D vii i:i if ^ o- ,-0 d V. iii '1 IK iii ;F.iv .|A ill r. V niv D vui KKITH r.AY. YOrXfi TST.ANl). / Position. NA.MKS PLACES, i I ;5j| K'ritli li.iy Kt'ilh Uliiiid . . Ki'iil I'liiy KJcr. I'lipi^ .... Kiii^^lil Isl.iinl. . Knlliu'. K ii I'"' !■; iii r- !■; iv !■> Iiiv ■'■ ]■; vi ri Kiv !l I-: iv I', i IJ V A iii !•; iv 1 1 Kiv C v, vi i>iv K iv li vi C iv <: iv .V viii liii !■; V C iv 1$ v (' vi I) vii Div I ■', iv K iv I> viii iJtiii I!t iv ' Div !■; iii K V K iii I', V I', iii I', ii <' vi K iii d ■1 I', iv I ■', i I', iii 1', iv C iv 1'. iv K iii li iv ' V'- I A vu A vii liii A viii V. V, vi i:i o- o- I? li -o '? p lb 1 ;-o '■• d NAMi;s 111- PLACES. Position. Middle Lake .. .Miiiir Island .. .Miiito Islands. . Aldiris, Capo . . .Mimal. Cape . . Mild'.,'e, Cape . . .Muiidy llailiour MuMi'o Point , . .Murdurji. Cape. Miinny Hay . . Miiri'av.Mawvell Inl.'l Na\ v lioiird li Neij'l I'orl .. Nias, Capo . . .Nias I'oint . . Nil olai 1st Cape North Chunncd.. North Soniei'sut Otjdeii Hay . . . . O^de I'oiirt • •o-lit Oiitjlil Islaiul . . (•)ierni\viek .... O'lieilly Island. Oriiiond Island. Osliorn, Cape . . (isl)c)rno, Cape.. (»sear liay .... Owen, Lake. . . . I'alnier I'oint . . I'alniorston, Cp. I'arry Hay . . I'arry. Cape.. I'arry, C)ipo. . I'arry Islands - Tarry I'oint . . I'ateshall, Cape. I'eak.-d Hill .. I'eeliell I'oint.. I'lid. (.'iipe I'ell'er, liiver . . I'ellvliav.... i I'elly. Mount . , I'ltowaak I'iin,'itkalik . . . , I'ortesliay..., I'onds liay .... I'orden Islands Possession Hay Possession, Ml. Pouiiret Island Powell Inlet . President Hay. Pressure. Ciipe Prinro Allied H.,H Priiiee Iietrent's! Hay |a Priiii'ess Cliar-| lotte Momini.lU IV iii i vii V ii iv i vii iv 'i v iv viii ii iii iv iv ii iii vi vi viii iii v v iv iii iv ii iv i iii v i. ii i, ii i v vii iii i iii H I-: I-; H li i; i; li 1) I-: !•; K A H I-; H 1) K I'. i; I', iv ,'C \ N AMI'S PLACES. Position. Provideneo (p.. It i tjueeii's ChiUiii. H iii j liadsloek Hay., li iv lied Head .... II viii I let'em Inlet . . C iv licniiell. Capo. . c iv HicliMids Hay . . K v liiehardson, < p. I-; v l;ii liardson I'lil K iii l!iL;liy Hav H iv Hiley liay .... K i Hiley, Capo. . . . li iv l!oherison,Capo .V vi lloper, Capo . .ll) viii liosaniond (.'ape (,' v Koseii Island . . I» iv lioss Point H ii l!oss Point I', iii Koxborolish, ('.. K i Sabine, Cape . . i K iii Sahiii'- Island., li ii Saliii..' Islands. .j.V viii Siiiniiarez. Cape .V vi Si-oresby, Cai»'.. Seoresby, (_ a[ie.. Scott liilet Seott I'oint l» iv H iv \) vii K iii \ viii I', V K iii Ii iv (,' iv li viii C iv I-; iv Soddoii, Cape . . Solkirk Hay.... Sidkirk. Cape . . Separation Pn' Se]ipiiij,'s. Cape Sbaekb'toii Cp..!l Slii'i'er. Mount. .'( Shrrill' llarliour|l Simpson Pell- ( !|. • insula ....(,'' '^ Simpson Sirait.., V\ iii Sinipsoii's l-'ur-i thest |K iv Sir dailies Hoss'j Priiiiisiila . .'K iv i^ir.loliii I'rank-j liii, (.'ape ... .'.V iii Ska'javoke . . . .: K iv Skilie Ha ;i5ii Skene's Islaials .\ vii Skeo(di liay. . . . siaitli Point . . Sniiili Sound . . SiiiMlie, Capi>. . Snares Island. . S.iiuenille Islil iKvi !K iii |a vi IK iii :c iii C iii Soil;^ of tllel Clel'u'yislaiidsj'. Sophia. Cajie . . .V South Cliaimel.. H Sowalliek Point .\ Spi'nei' Hay. . . Speneer,_(.'ape IV iii iv vii K iii li iv i: lb '■i li. 'I'hoin Hiiy . . 'I'lioni Island 'I'hree Capes 'rimnder Covi Todd Island 'I'ooIiooiUoch] 'Iraji. Cape . . . . ■I'ulloeh Point.. 'l'iirna\'aiiil'oiiil Twins I'liion liiver . . \'ii'toria, Cape. . Vieloria llaib. , Vieioria Island. \Vad«ortli Islil.. W'ak. bam Pnt. . Walker Hay.... Walker, Cape . . Walker. ('aia> . . Wall, liay .... Walter Hathiirst ('a]H"; Warreiiiler Hay. Warreiider. (p.. Watrrlall Widliiiyton Wellinv'toii Strait .. W. (1. Sniiih li.. Whale Sound . . Whah-r Point . . Whilt'e'ii Inlet .. Wliile. Cape . . While HiNirPnt. Whyte lulet . . Wih'ox Point . . Willel-ste,! Lake Wiliiiot Hay .. Wilmot Islands. Winter llarh. .. W. llasioii iiroiili Wollaslon Isld.. Wolstenholnie Island Wolstenholnie Sound York. Cape . . . . York, Cape .... Viainti Island . . Hav Kiv I A viii ';■ Hi ■> I', iii i: iii K iv I', i I', iii I-; i I-; iv [.-, C iv u v. iii ':> I-: iv •; lii.l'.i C iii {i; liii 1 I', i ; 1 .V viii 7 C iii ':! K iii I C vi K i C V C iv I) H IV I '. V A vi C iv I ■'. V .V vi ';i K ii Ir Kv \i liviii :t V. iv K iii 1." t 1 liii 1 1) viii c vi I P. vi :) 1! vii li vii C v C iii The Section is a jneee of the .\dniiialiy North P(dar Chiirt. ].-^l!'. and of the same seale. The whole firen rnibraeeil is r,.').") treouraphieal miles by iMiiri. .Vnilieial features, suidi as villages or towns, there are none. The named loeiilitics, all iintural, number about Ir<>, of which there are on our section I'm ; the absentees, trans- posed I'rom the .Vdiiiiralty two-sheci Chart of Arctic America. 1x10, and introdtietil by symbols, amount to M't, each and all found indepi.-ndeiil ot latitude and loie^iiu'le. 8 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS AVAILABLE AS FOOD IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS* I. — North Stak, Master Saunders, wintered at Wohtenhohne Sound, Sep- tember 30th to August 1st, 1849-50; during the whole period obtained but fifty hares and a few wild ducks ; several foxes also shot. — Nautiml Mncjazine, Xorember ISoO. II. — Enterprise and Investigator, Captain J. C. Ros.s, wintered in Port Leopold 1848-4i). Account kept on board the last named vessel shows the " number of birds killed to have amounted to about 4,000, yielding near 2,-'J0() lbs. of meat. But more than this was obtained if the number shot by individuals for amusement, and not always noted, be included. — Nautical Magazine, xix, p. l(5(j. III. — Sir John Ross, when at Boothia Felix, 1829-33, found musk oxen, deer, bears, foxes, hares, &c., frequent; and partridges, ptarmigans, and ducks, numerous. Salmon were very abundant in the lakes — in one instance (see Voyage, p. 583) 3,378 were taken at a single haul. The fish averaged, when cleaned, 3 lbs. I v.— Sir W. E. Parry, wintering at Melville Mand, 1819-20, found Polar hare very abundant — considerable numbers shot during the summer as a supply of provisions for the ships' companies — average weight about 8lbs. Musk oxen, only three killed. Rein-deer in considerable numbers from May to October — twenty-four were killed during that interval. Snow bunting very numerous. Rock grouse in great abundance — are easily killed, especially in the breeding season, when the female will suffer herself to be taken on the nest. Killed in considerable numbers at Melville Inland as a supply of provisions to the ships' companies. Golden plover in considerable abundance. Ring plover abundant on the shores of Possession Baif and Prince RegenVs Inlet. Brent goose in great numbers on the island. King duck very abundant. V. — Parry (1821-23) referring to Melville Peninsula, says (Voyage, p. 512), that " the rein-deer are killed by the Esquimaux in great abundance in the summer season. For several weeks in the com-se of the year the natives retire to the banks of lakes in the interior, which they represent as abounding with salmon, while the pasture near them affords good feeding to numerous herds of deer." • Whore the vearptnblo iiintter of the canli's surfiice is onrpoioil witli snow, I lie purity of the iiir iiinst lit- f:rt'iit, miJ liijjih wimls, michi'ckiHl l>\ I'ori'sts. iiiUf^t foiivi^v liorizoiitiilly iiiiy sreiit to iiii .■iiiiiiziiit,' (lisimico: Imt to tin' iiooii noses of i-iiriiivoroils croiituns. tin' smoke and fumes from fried iniiiiial mutter nnist lie eiiticiiitr from iiu immense raiiuf- It is eomfortiULr to think that this )iu\ver of allurement will assist rranklin s means of ekiuj,' out his exislenee. Extract from (!>agr 75) (Uiiitaiii Ilirchrii'x S'urth Pohir Ve Havei Point Griffin Depftt Point limes Point Cape Spencer Beechev Bay Caswall's Towei Cape Grinnell Gascoyne Inlet Radstock Bay Capo Kardley Wilmot liigby Bay Cape Herschel Cape Pateshall Cunningliam Mountains Cape Osborn Banks's Bay Pctowaak Horse's Head Wilcox Point Suijar Loaf I si. Square 1- [ p "1 NAMES OF PLACES. Square Hingston Bay Operuiwick Young Island Sonierville Isld. Cape Granite Wadworth Isld. Howe Harbour Bear Island Cape Coulman Bay of l-'oiir IJivers Limestone Isld- Cape Bunny Cajie Anne Cape MartjT Cuiniingbamln. Cape (iitt'ord Capo I'ellfoot Cape Prosst' e Gamier Bay Cp. MeClintock Clarence Point Wlialer Point Cape Seppings Elwin Bay I'niou Biver Buck Lake Adelaide Bay Waterfall Jackson Inlet Port Neill Mount Sherer Benjamin Hob- bouse Inlet Stratton Inlet Burnet Inlet Powell's Inlet Brooking Cum^ ing Inlet Cape Bullen Cape Hosamond Eardley Bay Cape Franklin Elwin Bay Cape Chas. York Wollaston Isds. Cp. Castlereagh !Byam Martin Mountains Mnt. Possession Cape Pansbawe Cape Bnniey Capo (irabam Moore Cape MacuUocli Sussex Mtns. Wellington Bay Armitage Point Capo Bird Eearnall Bay Lang Biver Browns Island Grimble Islands Apparent Harb Murray Bay Cape Scoresby Diy -0 \ d o- ~< Dvii J d o- b d D 'viii 1 -o o- 1 4 ^ NAMES OF PLACES. Square Cp. Heytesbiiry Babbage Bay Cape ilcDoual Port Logan Cp.CarriekMore Bosen Island Atbol Island Knigbt Island Cp. I'alnierston Blair's Islands Anwuk-too-te-ak Biver Elizabeth Har. Cape Allington Pouncet Island Coutt's Inlet Cape Coutts Cape Antrobus Cape Jameson Cp. Cargeidiolni Cape Hatliorn Hamilton Bay Lofty Cliff Cape I'lglinton Peaked Hill Cape Christian Black Blutt' Agnes Monumt. Low Point Bute Island Isabella Bay Apparent Harb Alexander Inlet WoUastouGroup Parry Point BjTon Bay Cape Franklin Cape Flinders Riley Bay Cape Peel Muuro Point Cobban Point Edwards Point Finlayson Islds Cape Alexaudei j Cambridge B Cape Trap Jameson Islds, {Coronation Gulf Galina Point Walker Bay Cbapnianlslanil !Marcet Island Pordeii Islands Cbeere Islands Wilmot Islands Point Everitt Fisher's Islands Parry Bay I Melville Sd. Warrendor Bay Hope Bay Bucban Bay Minto Islands Cape Roxboro' Labyrinth Bay Dease Points Foggy Bay PSiii 1 Eli 9 P -o 6 d o- -o >) 6 d 2H 0^ H Eiv o- 1< ? \^ NAMES OF PLACES. Sqinire Afount Pelly Back Point Brown Point Fit/gerald Islds (Campbell Bay River Ellice White Bear Put. Gcrnon Bay Atkinson Point Blackwood Pnt. Keith Island Chester Bay Mc'J'avish I'nt. Stewart Point Wall Bay Culgruff Point Beaufort Islds, Kent Bay Cape Victoria CapeGlouecstei Cape I'aiTy Cai)e Sabine ( )scar Bay Cape Maria Gloria f'ape Herschel Gladnian Point Cape I'ldgewortb Adam Island Cape Smyth Matty Island Beverley Islds. Poctes liay Cape Christian Frederick R. Garry Lake Hansteen Artists' Bay Cape Isabella Spence Bay Catharine Islds Scott Point McGillivrayBay Smith I'oint Grant Point Wilmot Bay McLoughlin B, ) Adelaide Pen- r insula Cape Geddes 'I'ulloch Point Douglas Bay R. Petter Ross Point Booth Point Todd Islands Thunder Cove Richardson Pt. Maconochie Id. Ogle Point Pechell Point Barrow Inlet Castor .fc Pollux River Cape Selkirk Lake Owen Mary Jones's B R. Stanley Thorn Bay Iiord Lindsay R. Mt. Maneetkalig KrusenstemLka Lake Jckyll Eiv i< 9- NAMES OF PLACES. ^i Sheriff Harb. liOrd Mayor's B Lax Id and Har. Mundy Harb. Mtutin Islands Victoria Harb. Lady I'arry Itl. HechutFui^Isls Astron. Socy. Is. Middle Lake Willersted Lake Lady ^ielvill L Toonoodleed B. Skagavoke Sons of the Clergy Islds. Sir .Ia.s. Ross's Peninsida Cape Kjer Franklin Iidet Kidl Island HaiTisoii Isls. Twins Cape Berens Cape Chapman I Pelly Bay Helen Island [ Simpson Pen Lake Itallenden Cloustou Points Cape Hallowell Autridge Bay Whyte Inlet Cape Engleti(dd Amherst Island Liddon Island Ormond Island Cape Parry Franklin Bay Baker Bay Hopkin's Inlet Whiffon Inlet Bunn Inlet Mackenzie In. C. Arrowsmith Houevraan Id. Black Inlet Richards Bay Cp. Richardson Finlayson Bay Cp.Macloughliii Corcoran Point Glen Island W. G. Smith B. Httlkett Point Selkirk Bay Amitioke Cape Griffith Murray Max- welllnlet Skeoch Bay Cape Konig Igloolik Arlagniik Pingitkalik Oogiit Islands Calthorpe Islds. Agwisseowik Cape Nios BroUie Bay 11 NAMKS OF PLACES. Sherifif Harb. liord Mayor's B I.iix Id iind liar. Xlundy Harb. Martin Islands Victoria Hari). I.ady I'arry Id. Hei^liutl'urjlsls Astron. fSofV. Is Middle T.ako Willersteil Lake I-ady Melvill 1 Toonoodleed U. Skagavoke ISoiis of tlie Clergy Islda. Sir Ju.s. Koss's Peninsula Capo Kjer Krunklin Inlet KuU Island Harrison Isls. Twins Cape Berens Cape Chapman [ I'elly Bay Helen Island [ Simpson Pen Lake Ballenden Cloustou Points Cape Hallowell Autridge Bay Whyte Inlet Cape Engletieli Amherst Island Liddon Island Onnond Island Cape Parry Franklin Bay Baker Bay Hopkin's Inlet Whirten Inlet Biinn Inlet Mackenzie In. C. Arrowsmith HoueMnan Id. Black Inlet Bichards Bay Cp. Hichardson Kinlayson Bay Cp.Macloughliii Corcoran Point Glen Island W. O. Smith B. Halkett Point Selkirk Bay Amitioke Capo Orifflth Mnrray Max- well'lnlet Skeoch Bay Cape Konig Igloolik Arlagnuk Pingitkalik Ooglit Islands Calthorpe Islds. Agwisseowik Cape Nias , Brodie Bay Tiii; ABCTIC EXPLORING EXPEDITIONS. (Extracted from the Nautical Magazine, October 1851.^ A Review op the Proceedinos of the Arctic Searciiixg Expeditions, under the Comnuind of Captain II. T. Austin, C.B., and Captain Penn//, with the recent despatches. " Arctic intelligence which concerns so numerous a portion of our country- men abroad, and therefore deeply interesting to us at home, has now become of so much importance, that we need ofier no other reason for allowing it to occupy so large a share of our attention. We shall, therefore, not only gratify our own readers now, but our absent voyagers hereafter, by preserv- ing a full record of their gallant doings. " Captain Penny has returned with his ship the Ladv Franklin,* and has brought ' favourable' intelligence, for such is the concluding sentence of the • With the view of facilitating a reference to the names of all the vessels and theirseveral oltioers on these expeditions, we insert here the following list of them. I. — H.M.S. Kesoh'TK. — Criptnin, Horatio T. Austin; Li>'iitr)ujnts, R. D. Aldrich, William H. .T. Browne; J/a-ffcc, Uoheit C. Alien ; .S'idv/cou, Abraham K. Jiradt'ord; I'tiymaHtrr and Piimer, .\o\in E. Broomau; Mates, Biohard B. Peurse, Walter W. iluy, John P. Cheyue; Aniistant Siirijcou, Biciiard King; Second Master, George V. M'Dougal. II. — H.M.S. AssisTANCK. — t'(i/)/ai»i, Krasinus Onimanney ; Lieuteiumts, Francis L. M'Clintock, James E.Elliott, George F. Mecham; Smiienn, James J. L. Donnett; Mates, George K. Keene, Kichard V. Hamilton ; Assistant Sitnjeon, Charles Ede ; Second Muster, Frederick J. Krabbe ; t7t'r/i: in Chaiye, Edwivrd N. Han-isiin; Clerk, Charles Hiohiu'ds, {h). III'. — H.M.S. PiONEKR, steam tender to IIksolite. — Lieutenant, Sherard Osboni; Assistant Siiriieon, Thomas U. Pickthorne; Second Master, Jolni IL Allard. IV. — H.M.S. INTKEPID, steam tender to Assistance. — Lieutenant, B. Cator; Assistant Surgeon, John Wai-d (a) ; Second Master, William Shellabeei . V. — Laky Frankiin. — Captain, W. Penny; Execiitire, First Mate, Mr. John Marshall ; Second Mate, Mr. John Leiper ; Third Mate, Mr. John Stewart ; Surtjeon, Mr. Thomas Goodsir ; Interpreter, Mr. Petersen. VI. — Sophia, tender to the Lady Franklin. — Captain, Alexander Stewart, Commander; Executive, First Mate, Mr. Donald Manson ; Second Mute, Mr. Jiunes Reid ; Snrfleon, Mr. Peter Sutherland. VII. — Felix. — Captain, Sir John Koss, li.Js., accompanied by Commander Phillips. viii. — Mary, yacht tender to Felix. IX. — U.S.S. Advance. — Lieutenant <^omtiuitider, E. J. De Haven (Philadelphia), Commander of the Expedition; Mniitcr (acting), W. H. Meerdaiigh iNorlolk); Midshipman, W. S. Lovell ;NewYorkl; Surijcon. Dr. Kane ; Crew, 15. x!— U.S.S. Kesci;e.— .lfri«/ /g; Assistant Surgeon, Edw. Adams ; Second Maiter, Francis Skead ; Clerk in Charge, Edw Whitehead. XIII.— Investioator.— CoHinwndiT, Hoheit J. L. M. McChire; Lifii^-Hnnf*. William H.Haswell, Samuel G. Cresswell; Surgeon, Alexander Arnistiong, M.D.; Mates, Robert J. Wynuiatt, Henry H. Saiusbury; Assistant Surgeon, Henry i'iers; Second Master, Stephen Ci>urt. ( , 12 despatch with which he was charged by Captain Austin. We congratulate Captain Penny on his safe arrival, as well as his own brave followers who have contributed so much to produce the favourable aspect which the whole subject has now assumed. Painful as it is to contemplate the condition of Franklin and his people, locked up so long from us, it seems to have fallen to the lot of Captain Penny to clear up in a great degree the perplexing doubts which have hitherto existed as to the route adopted by him in 184(5. His letters, as well as Captain Austin's despatches, are before the world, and we hope in the course of these remarks to shew to our readers that by the knowledge we have gained of Welliugton tStmit, the prospect of further infor- mation respecting the missing expedition assumes a very fair degree of probability. " While Captain Austin and his officers were examining every portion of coast which led towards Melville Ishiml, removing all possible speculations that Franklin had adopted the route to Behring 8trait by the southward and westward, Captain Penny and his party were exploring new ground up the Wellington Strait, and with sledges and boats have opened out a navigation leading to the north-westward of the Parry Islands, which by many is believed to be that which was adopted by Franklin. We, however, do not join in this opinion, and these are our reasons for thus differing from so general an assumption. Wellington Strait is the contracted outlet of this navigation into Barrow Strait, and the ice brought by winds and tides from the north-west obstructs its passage, and hence becomes mostly impassable. It was closed during the late visit of our ships ; and although to all appear- ance it was open when passed and repassed in 1819 and 1820 by Sir Edward Parry, it must be remembered that he would be able to see about twelve or fourteen miles only from the entrance, and it is not likely that he could say whether this channel, of forty-five miles in length, was open or not. " Franklin having passed his first winter VitBeecheij Jsland,took care beyond a doubt fully to acquaint himself with the nature and extent of the icy barrier, which we have reason to conclude so effectually bound his entrance into Penny's open sea beyond it, and which his reconnoitring parties must have discovered ; and therefore seeing the impossibility of cutting his way through (for we learn from Captain Penny that such an attempt would have been fruitless when he was there), he might then have abandoned all hope of passing through that channel, retrace his course through Barrow Strait, and hasten at once to the northward up Baffin Bay, with the natural con- clusion that Jones or Smith Sound offered the only probable road for reach- ing it. " Much has been said about the hurry in which Franklin left his winter quarters at Beechey Island, and that it had the appearance of a retreating party. We do not exactly understand what is meant by hurry and retreating. True it is, and much to be lamented, that no written document has been found there, to throw any light on his intended proceedings; but in our opinion had Sir.John Franklin passed by that strait,* he would have left some document to say so, and as he failed in his attempt, it is quite possible that he might have thought it unnecessary to leave memoranda at each I ♦ 'I'liis rensoning is bnrilly applicable here. Ai>xume tlie ice to have sudileuly cleared in the West CI. aniicl, would he not have " /dirnVi/" oft":' Would it not have been, quick! quick!! bear ii hand everywhere and with evei-jthinpr? Till he had actually passed the ,S7;y((7 he could leave an docu- ment; and as to hw intnidcd proceedings, his being where he was shewed what his intentions were; and if Franklin fouiul an opening into that '• clear sea " seen by Penny, most assuredly he dashed into it, with his eagle eye ;ind keen mind looking only forward to the bow, not one instant would he spare to heavc-to and send a boat ashore to put up a jifist : no, he woidd mitiiridly say, " We will wi s in their pro- gress, and we therefore quite agree with him in the conclusion at which he arrived, or at least such is our construction of its meaning — that having made up his mind that Franklin after failing in Wellington ISlrait, had gone to Jones tSound, he would at once follow him there, rather than penetrate the icy barriers of that strait even if it had been practicable. For let us ask what possible service towards the great object of Austin's expedition would have res'ilted, had his ships reached Queen Victoria Channel, and thence pushed on to the north-west with the unhappy chance of hanng left the missing ships behind them ! This dilemma Austin has wisely avoided. " But we will now refer to the opinions of our most experienced and emi- nent officers on the necessity of not only exploring Jones tSound as intended by the Admiralty orders, but of the probability of that being the route which was adopted by Sir John Franklin, and these we find in a useful little volume from the pen of Mr. P. L. Simmonds, which appeared only a few months ago, " Sir F. Beaufort says, Sir John Franklin is not a man to treat his orders with levity,* and, therefore, his first attempt was undoubtedly made in the direction of Melville Island to the westward. If foiled in that attempt, he naturally hauled to the southward, and using Banks Land as a barrier against the northern ice, he would try to make westing under its lee. Thirdly, if both of these roads were found closed against his advance, he perhaps availed himself of one of the four passages between Parry Islands, including the Wellington Channel — or, lastly, he may have returned to Bajjin Bag, and taken the inviting opening of Jones Sound. " Sir E. Parry says, and this idea receives no small importance from the fact (said to be beyond a doubt) of Sir John Franklin having before his departure expressed such an intention in case of failing to the westward : ' Much stress has likewise been laid, and I think not altogether without reason, on the propriety of searching Jones and Smith Sound in the north-eastern part of Baffin Bay. Considerable interest has lately been attached to Jones Sound, from the fact of its having been recently navigated by at least one enterpris- ing whaler, and found to be of great width, free from ice, with a swell from the westward, and having no land visible from the mast-head in that direc- tion. It seems more than probable, therefore, that it may be found to com- municato with Wellington Strait ; so that if Sir John Franklin's ships have been detained anywhere to the northward of the Parry- Islands, it would be by Jones Sound that he would probably endeavour to effect his escape, rather than by the less direct route of Barrow Strait. I do not myself attach much importance to the idea of Sir John Franklin having so far retraced his steps as to come back through Lancaster Sound, and recommence his enterprise hj Qntarva^ Jones Sound ; but the possibility of his attempting his escape through this fine opening, and the report (though somewhat vague) of a cairn of stones seen by one of the whalers on a headland within it, seems to me to render it highly expedient to set this question at rest by a search in this direction, including the examination of Smith Sound.'' " Sir J. Richardson observes also, ' With respect to Jones Sound, it is ad- mitted by all who are intimately acquainted with Sir John Franklin, that his first endeavour would be to act up to the letter of his instructions,t and I * Certiiiiily not; but from the very iiature of thintjs these ordere imist he hfiseil on coiitiiigeiuics, hedged \n with irs. Wliero the imcked ice siiys No, it jicremi)torily dictiites, " disobey your orders, and obey me." + Ves, /7" the ice would h'l him: bu( liere tlie ire dictates iind will tiike no deiiiiil; niid the best re;isi)Hiii(i oil the wliDle sutij<'(l is thai which is babed on the (irobable or imjirobable, luid the poa- Kible or imiiosHible condition of the tec'. 'It 15 that, therefore, he would not lightly ahanduii the attempt to pass iMncaster tSoujid. From the logs of the whalers year after year, we learn that when onee they have sneceeded in rounding the middle iee, they enter iMncaMer Sound Tvith facility. Had Sir John Fmnklin then gained that iS'iund, and from tu'j premises wo appear to be fully justified in concluding that he did 80, and had he afterwards encountered a compact tield of ice barring Harrow Strait and Wellinffton Sound, he would then, after being convinced that he would lose the season in attempting to bore through it, have borne up for Jones Sound, but not until he had erected a conspicuous landmark, and lodged a memorandum of his reason for deviating from his instructions.' " Dr. McCormick also says, ' In renewing once more the oifer of my ser- vices, which I do most cheerfully, I see no reason for changing the opinions I entertained last spring; subscfiuent events have only tended to confirm them. I then believed, and I do still, after a long and mature considemtion of the subject, that Sir John Franklin's ships have been arrested in a high latitude, and besot in the heavy Polar ice northward of J'arri/ Islands, and that their probable course thither has been through Wellington Channel, or one of the Sounds at the northern extremity of Baffin Da)f. " To the foregoing we are enabled to add the opinion of the late Sir John Barrow, whose knowledge of Arctic navigation needs no comment here. Franklin was aware of Sir John Barrow's aversion to the Wellington Channel, because it was always blocked up with ice, and having himself found it so, he will follow his own inclination and try another channel to the northward. " We repeat then that here is suflScient reason for Captain Austin, having satisfied himself by his own explorations that Franklin did not make his attempt southward or westward of the Wellington Channel, to proceed imme- diately to Jones Sound, looking to their lordship's intention and the impres- sion which may now become strengthened with reference to their orders. " Among other points for which Austin has been condemned is that of not supplying Captain Penny with assistance ! and for what purpose ? for effect- ing the very object which Captain Penny managed to attain without it. But let us see under what circumstances was Austin when he received this appli- cation. " Ilis letter tells us it was made on the 23rd of May, and that he regretted his ' remaining strength' did not admit of his placing at his disposal suffi- cient aid to convey a boat across the icy barrier* of Wellington Channel. " Now it happens that at this very time Austin's limited searching parties were recovering from the effect of their journeys on the ice. They returned between the 27th of April and the 7th of May, and the extended parties, consisting of thirty-eight men, besides officers (as appears by the methodical tables attached to his letter), were still awsiy, as they returned between the 28th ^f May and the 4th of July, having been absent since the 10th of April. What means then had Austin of meeting this demand (with auxiliary par- ties away also), and the remaining strength of those returned already ex- hausted by travelling, and which required to be recruited by rest rather than be again employed in doing for Captain Penny that which he contrived to do for himself] Was the service injured by this refusal \ Not at all ; and we do Captain Penny only justice in saying that he not only performed well what he undertook with his own means, but that this has been no complaint of his against Captain Austin. Of Captain Penny it has been predicted that in a few days he will be on his way to the Arctic waters. The lateness of the season at once threw doubt on the propriety of such a step, and it requu'ed the calm and deliberate consideration of men whose knowledge and experience of Arctic matters would enable them to decide whether a steam vessel should be sent with Captain Penny to communicate with the searching * And wliat pviilenoe linve we tlmt Krnnklin. in four or five yoni's. found not this ioy haiTier open, kiinwinp, as we do, what a giile of tweuty-foiu' or forty-eight hours, in a particuhir directiou, soiue- tiuics ciiucts iu those regions. 16 sliips this season or not! We read in the daily prints, nndcr the head ' jV(Wid\ that, ' in accordance with an Admiralty HununotH, Captain Sir Edward Parry, Captain Jieechey, and ('aptain Sir James Chirk Ross, at- tended at the Achiiiralty on Tliursday (iHth Septeniher) in order to meet tho Board and their Hydrographer Rear Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort, and to consult on the proceedings of Captain Austin and Captain Penny in tho lato search for Sir John Franklin.' " With the delil)urations of that council we do not pretend to he acquainted, hut any man who knows ice navigation in liajliii Jici/ will pronounce tho decision of those officers, that no vessel should be sent this season, considering its advanced period, and luider ju'esent circumstances, both as wise and dis- creet. Let us suppose a screw-steamer to leave this in a fortnight for Baffia Jidi/ — for in less she could not do so — on a moderate speed of seven or eight knots (if she could do that) she would reach Cttpe Farewell (assuming her departure on the 3rd of October) about the middle of that month, to run the gauntlet as she might bo able, between the middle and shore ice ! If she did escape being beset and passing the approaching winter as the American vessels did the last in drifting about fixed in the ice, and even penetrated into Jones Sound, there may be no ships there, they may have reached the .same open sea which Penny saw, and may be snugly wintering in one of its harbours. But the hope of a vessel getting so far at this late period of tho season, and the uncertainty of finding any ships if she did, is too futile to be entertained for a moment ; and the council has wisely discarded any such intention, and no one who is acquainted with the nature of the subject could otherwise desire. " We must, therefore, for the present close our observations on Austin's proceedings ; not, however, without expressing our admiration of that well- regulated and systematic management with which he has assigned to hia officers their several duties, as well as of the energetic and noble spirit in which they have been performed. Indeed, each one has vied with the rest in executing his difficult and perilous task ; a gallant emulation has pervaded every one, and general harmony, goodwill, and fellowship, have welcomed the rule of discipline. Nor should we disregard the noble exertions of Captain Penny, in his very interesting and laborious exploration, so well seconded as they were by his officers. Not only sledges, but boat work fell to their share ; violent gales, heavy seas, and rapid tides, with snow and rain, it was their lot to encounter ; and though they were not rewarded by finding Franklin, they have the glorious refiection of having assisted materially in the great work in hand. They, too, performed well their several tasks ; they have established their claim on the notice of their country, and we trust will, at the fitting time, receive their reward ; or, in the words of Captain Penny, that it will be ' remembered to their advantage'. " We perceive by the daily prints that Captain Penny's ship has arrived. The account says, * the Lady Franklin, commanded by Captain Penny, arrived at Woolwich yesterday afternoon, and was brought up at moorings alongside the Salsette receiving ship, opposite the dockyard; and the Sophia, her sister vessel, is daily expected at that port. The Lady Franklin is come home safe and sound, in excellent condition, and remarkably clean, and with as healthy and robust a crew as ever sailed in any region, and without a single complaint amongst the men on board ; if it is excepted that they say they cannot now eat so much meat as they used to do of fat pork and other rich edibles, their appetites having greatly abated since they left the Orkneys for Woohvich. The Danish interpreter has returned with them, and appears to be a very decent and passably intelligent person, and ex- presses his belief that the discovery ships, Erebus and Terror, are still safe.' " n The following Letter from the intrepid explorer Captain Penny, although last on the list of Aretic communications in point of date, seems to demand the precedence we give it, not only from its containing the evidence of the person who last spoke, and was on board of, the Ekkbus, but also from the cheering assurance it affords us of the providence and foresight evinced by Franklin whilst yet on the very threshold of his enterprise. If the commander of the expedition anticipated the possibility of his eflForts in the Arctic Seas extending to a term of seven years, surely it is premature, while a portion of that interval remains, to despair of his safety. tve at |ny» kan, md Ihat lork lleft lem, lex- CAPTAIN FENNY TO THE EDITOR OF THE "TIMES". Aberdeen, Dec. 20, 1851. "Sir, — I have lately been at Peterhead (my native place), and have learnt a very important fact from my old acquaintance Capt. Martin, who, when commanding the whaler £ntekpkis£ in 1845, was the last person to com- municate with Sir John Franklin. " The Enterprise was alongside the Erebus in Melville Bay, and Sir John invited Capt. Martin to dine with him, which the latter declined doing, as the wind was fair to go south. Sir John, while conversing with Capt. Martin, told him that ho had five years provisions, which he could make last seven ; and his people were busily engaged in salting down birds, of which they had several casks full already, and twelve men were out shooting more. " To see such determination and foresight at that early period is really Avonderful, and must give us the greatest hopes. " I asked Capt. Martin why he had not mentioned this before ? He said that he did not at first think it of any importance, and that when Lady Franklin was at Peterhead about two years ago he did not like to intrude upon her ladyship (not having the honour of knowing her) during her short stay. He is a man of the strictest integrity, whose word I can depend upon. He has an independent fortune, which he got by fishing. " Your most obedient Servant, "William Penny." ^„ i,..„vj .. «cc., uxu,.. ux.u viour Kiueu; una mires, i^apuun renny s parties explored a large channel north of Cormcalhs and Bathurst lands (which arc united), saw land to the northward with three or four large openings, and was afloat in a boat from 17th June till late in July. A piece of elm picked up by him. Particulars of this exploration not made known at this date. If) NliinH this HcaHon or not ! Wc rcnly intelligent person, and ex- presses his belief that the discovery ships, Erebus and Terror, are still safe.' " \ 17 EXTRACT '' Wk insert without any co'iimont tlu' *ory interesting desjatchos hroupht lionie \>y (.'iiptain IVnny. ;invl we only ho]>o tli.it the inforniution which tliis ({ulhint man has lieeii al>le to iiniv.rt to tiie Admiralty, irill Itnlair tlifir Lords// i/>.i t,i liAtfit 10 the Kii't>freer was finally stopped by fixed ice ])etwcen /. The Assistance was then running to the westward, and, anxious to be possessed of every particular, followed her with the intention of going on board ; but I had not that opportiuiity until two l).m., when both vessels were made fast to the laud ice, two-thirds of the distance across Wellington CliKunel, the Assistance being about one-an/ton C/iannel, while I explored the coast to the eastward. Meantime, a party of all my officers, which had been dispatched in the direction of C((sir(dr,i Tower, discovered the quarter which had been occupied by the vessels of Sir John Franklin's expedition in the winter of lfS45-G. Thi-ee graves were also found, the head-boards showing them to be those of three seamen who had died early in the spring of lfS4G ; but notwithstanding a most careful search in every direction, no document could be found. The same evening, a boat-i)arty was dispatched, under Captain Stewart, to explore Jiadsfod- Baj/ and its vicinity, but no further traces were found in that direction. " The Resolute and Pionekr came up and made fast on Wednesday morning, and an unfavourable condition of the ice detained us all till even- ing, Avhen water being opened to the eastward, I stood a certain distance across Wellington Channel in the morning, and sent away a party under 'Sir. J. Stuart, to commiuiicate with the Assistance. The same evening we were again in Beecheif Baif, and the party returned the following forenoon, having accomplished upwards of fortj' miles. " By them we were acquaintod that the Assistance had found no traces in about thirty miles of coast examined by her to the north and south of Barlow Inlet. " The state of the ice prevented the least motion being made with the ships until Thursday, the 5th of September, when Ave left Beeche^/ Ba^ ; but so little was tlie ice slackened off", that we were unable to reach the west side of the Channd before Sunday, the 8th. " While lying under Beechey Island, arrangements were made with Sir »i 19 i f i - IS « eo John Ross to lay up the Maky yauht, aiul a quantity of provisions was con- tributed, as our share of the depot there formed. " On Sunday, the Mh, I landed with a party about twelve miles to the northward of JJarlow Inlet, and a cairn and yiolo were erected in a con- spicuous situation. WelUiifitoti Vhannel being l>lockcd uj) with old land ice, no alternative was left but to proceed to the westward, with a view of reach- ing Ct(2>e Walktr, or attempting some other passage between the islands of the Pari'ij (Jroup, or, failing cither of these, MelciUe IdainL Following out this course, we pushed on through the bay ice, which was now so strung as to retard us greatly ; but notwithstanding that obstacle, we reached (irijfft/i Jddiid on Tuesday, the 10th of September ; and having made fast there on account of the state of the ice, 1 had again a consultation with Captain Austin, with a view to acting in concert. " The following morning, the more favourable appearance of the ice induced me to make an attempt to reach Ca^^e Wntker; but after proceeding twenty-five miles, the ice became packed, which, with a heavy fog, caused me to put about, and make for our former position. The hourly-increasing thickness of the bay ice, which had now become such an obstacle, that with a strong breeze the ship stayed with considerable difficulty, rendered it absolutely necessary that a place of safety should be o!)tained for the vessels, and I accordingly made for this harbour, a rough sketch of w hich 1 had previously obtained from the Assistance. " We brought up at eleven, a.m., on Thursday, the 1 2th of September, and shortly afterwards the Felix, Captain Sir J. Ross, came in and iuought uj*; two boats were sent iishore and hauled up, to fall back upon should further progress l)e made ; but being unable to get out by the 2Uth, so as to be usefully cmj)loyed, preparations were commenced for wintering. " With reference to the winter that we have spent, one fact will speak for itself, viz., — that there has not been one single case of sickness in either the Ladv Fkaxklin or Sophia ; indeed, so completely were both the minds and bodies kept properly occupied and carefully attended to, that w ith the crews I have it would have been surprising to have seen sickness. While on this subject, I cannot but make mention in terms of praise of Messrs. Sutherland, Goodsir, and Stuart, their exertions alike to instruct and amuse the men, greatly contributing to the happy issue. " Frequent comnuuiication has been held with Captain Austin's expedition, which has wintei'ed in the strait between (Jrijjith and Cornividlis hltt/i/lfi, and arrangements were made with reference to the different routes to be taken in the coming travelling. Pursuant to these, there are at present ready to start from the Lady Frankmn and Sophia two parties, of three sledges each, to explore \VeUiii the Admiralty, London.'" 'I 20 " Her Majesty's ship Lady Franklin, at sea, "Sept. 8, 1851. " Sir, — Resuming my report of proceedings from tlie date of my last dispatch, I have to inform you that on the 17th of April six sledges, with forty-one officers and men, started from the ships, under the command of Captain Stewart, of the Sophia, and I could not but be gratified at seeing what our small means had put in our power to do with these parties of men, alike able and willing. The sledges were variously officered by Captain Stewart, Messrs. Marshall, Reid, and J. Stuart, and Drs. Sutherland and Goodsir. " The course intended to be pursued was to proceed so far together up the west side of Wellington Channel, and, after returning the dep6t sledges, two parties to cross the east side of the channel, while the other two followed up the west coast to the head of the channel, the position of land then seen determining their future procedure. •' Each sledge was equipped for forty days, and the average weight per man was upwards of two hundred pounds. I started from the ship on the I8th, with the dog-sledges, accompanied by Mr. Petersen, and at noon, on the 13th, I joined the sledges. They had found the ice very heavy, in consequence of the recent snow and the high temperature, and theii" journey of the previous day had not exceeded six and a-half miles. The inefficient state of our cooking apparatus had already begun to cause much in- convenience. " On the 19th the temperature fell, and a gale of wind faced us imme- diately on entering the channel, which continued, with only partial intei- niissions, till the 22nd. During all that time I was continually among thcui, and whatever doubts the want of experience of my young officers might have wan-anted my entertaining, they were all removed by witnessing the management of their men on this occasion. On the 21st, Mr. J. Stuart returned with the two depfit sledges and only one tent, in consequence of the extreme severity of the weather. I felt great anxiety for this party ; however, in two marches they reached the ship, with only a short interval of rest. Meanwhile, the gale continued down the channel, with a temperature varying from 25° to 30°. This, and the want of numerous articles, such as a sufficient supply of fuel, &c., caused me to entertain a fear of failure, if these defects were not remedied in time. I accordingly consulted my officers on the subject, and in consequence of our unanimous opinion that a timely return was the most advisable step, I determined to deposit all the provisions, and the two best sledges, at this spot, returning with the other two to receive alterations. The distance to this spot was forty-two miles. The dog-sledges, on their return, accomplished the distance in one stage. The other four parties, after making the deposit, returned, reaching the bay at noon on the 26th, everyone in the best health, and not a single case of frost-bite ; and I cannot but state my admiration of the constant contentment and steady and willing endurance of the officers and men of the parties under circumstances of no small hardship. From this date to the 5th of May everyone was busily engaged preparing more amply for what we had found to be necessary in our first journey. On the Gth, after a short prayer to the Almighty to enable us to fulfil our duty, the sledges again started, the crews of the two that had been left up channel being distributed among them. They were again in charge of Captain Stewart till such time as I should myself join them at the upper dep6t, when I was to see each party take its separate route. At six o'clock, a.m.. on the 9th of May, I started with Mr. Petersen and Thompson, one of the seamen, with two dog sledges, and at two o'clock, p.m., we overtook the parties, then camjied at the further depot. From Point Separation, 75° 5' N. hit., Captain Stewart, with his auxiliary, Dr. Sutherland, and Mr. J. IStuart, of the Ladv Fuanklin, left, proceeding along the coast to Cape 21 llurd, examining the various beaches, Ate, for further traces, as strong opinions were still entertained that more was to be found in that quarter. " Mr. Goodsir, with Mr. Marshall as his auxiliary, had assigned to them to examine the west side, and to follow up after the dog sledges, receiving final instructions on reaching the head of the channel. Rapid journeys were made with the dogs to Vaite I)e Haven, in N. lat. 75° 22'. Hence the land was seen to trend N.W. ten miles, terminating in a point, afterwards named Point Deciuon, which was reached at half-past ten, p.m., on the 12th of May. A hill of four hundred feet in height was ascended, and in con- secjuence of the land running then continuously in a north-westerly direction, instructions were left to Mr. Goodsir to take this coast along to the westward, while I myself proceeded in a N.W. by N. direction towards land seen to the northward. At five, p.m., on the 14th, we encamped on the ice, having travelled twenty-five miles N.W. by N. from Point Decision. The following day, after travelling twenty miles from the encampment in a N.W. by N. dii'ection, we landed at seven, p.m., on an island named Jiaitlie Hinnilton Island. " Ascending a hill about five hundred feet high above the headland on which we landed, the ice to the westward, in the strait between Coi'iuraf/is and Hamilton Islands, was seen to be much decayed, and an island was seen to the westward, distant thii'ty-five or forty miles. As the decayed state of the ice prevented further progress to the westward from this point, and no trace being found, we proceeded round the island, first to the N.N.E., and afterwards, on roimding Cape Scoreshij, in a N.N.E. direction On the I6th we came upon what to all appearances was water ; and on halting, on the 17th, at Point Surprise, we were astonished to open out another strait, in which was twenty-five miles of clear water ; an island was seen bearing W. ^ S., distant forty miles ; and a headland, distant fifteen miles W. by N., the dark sky over this headland indicating the presence of water, to the extent perhaps of twenty miles, on the other side. This point was found to be in 76° 2' N. lat., and !)o° 55' W. long. Further progress being prevented by water, and we being still without traces, and the dogs' provisions being exhausted, no other course remained than to return to the ships, which we reached, after nipid joui-neys, at midnight on the 20th of May. " The carpenters and people on board were immediately set about pre- paring a boat to endeavour to reach the water scene. " On the 2yth of May, the second mate arrived, having left Mr. Goodsir in 75° 36' N., and !)6° W. Water had been seen by them to the northward, from their furthest station. He made a very rapid return, having run in one day from twenty-five to thirty miles. Every oue on board continued actively employed, preparing the boat, provisions, &c., and on the 4th of June it started with one auxiliary sledge and one dog's sledge ; the whole party behig in charge of Mr. Manson. " On the 6th June, JNIr. John Stuart returned with his party from Cape Hurd, after an absence of thirty-one days, but without having found any traces either indicative of the course pursued by Her Majesty's ships Ekebus and Teuuou, or of any searching party having subsequently passed along the coast. " After thirty-six hours' rest, Mr. Stuart again started to join Mr. Manson, having equipped his sledge for a twenty days' joiuney. He overtook the boat on the morning of the 8th of June, then one mile to the westward of Cajje Hothnm. The same day a dog sledge, from Mr. ]Manson, arrived at the ship, stating that the sledge on which the boat was placed after trial had been found unfit for the purpose. The armourer, who was returned with the dog sledge, was immediately set about preparing a longer sledge, but having no carpenter on board, the wood-work was finished by Sir John Uos.s's carpenter. On the I Ith, at four, a.m., I joined the boat with the two dogs' sledges, and all hands were immediately set about fitting and lashing •>') the new sledge, and arranging the packages of the party l)etween the two long sledges and the two dogs' sledges. On the 12th, Mr. Mauson returned, no one being lelt in the sliip but the clerk in charge. " The improvement in the boats' sledges was so remarkable, and the ice also so much better, that a distance of one hundred and five miles was accomplished in seven marches. The boat being then launched into the water and laden, the fatigue party returned, and reached the ship on the :ii")tli of June, all in good health, the dogs dragging the light sledges the whole way. " On our journey out, we met Dr. Sutherland at Depiit Point returning, after an absence of thirty-eight days. lie reported having left Captain Stewart in Hf 20' N., in the opening of Wellinptoii Clurauel, but without having yet fallen in with any traces. When oH' J'oint O'rijfin, on the 14th, Messrs. Goodsir and ^Marshall were fallen in with, having examined the northern shores of Cornwtdlis and Bathurst JauuI^ as far as !)!)^ W., l)Ut still without having fallen in with any traces. They were obliged to return in consequence of the water. " Resuming the boat jom-ney, after separating from the fatigue sledges on the 17th of June, we proceeded about ten miles to the westward, when we were obliged to take shelter in an adjacent bay, in couse(|Uence of a head sea and strong easterly gale. From this date until the h of July, three hun- dred and ten miles of coast were examined by the bout under veiy tlisadvan- tageous circumstances, arising from constant unfavourable winds and rapid tides. Our provisions being then withiu eight days of l)cing consumed, and our distance from the ship such that prudence would not warrant further perseverance with this supply, we commenced our return, and with a strong north-west wind, succeeded in reaching xlZi«/«(/o/i/<\'// after rikcc}! and a half hours. The ice being so decayed as to preclude the launching of even au empty boat, we were compelled to haul the boat a here ami a'nandon Iiur, taking with us four days' provisions. The weather during our return was boisterous in the extreme, with continued rain, which uiiule the streams it was necessary to ford very rapid. The constant wet caused the greatest dis- comfort, but from none of my men did I once hear a coniplaint. In !•>- north latitude, we found a boat, which Captain Stewart had wisely sent out in search of such a contingency as had occui-red; but the ice having set int<» the mouth of WeUlnytoa Vhannel, which had up to this time been ojien, we were unable to fetch her down further than Burloa- Ldet. Thence wo walked to the ships, which we reached at ten p.m. on the 2-jth of July. " Captain Stewart had returned on the 21st of June, having reached Coi,e Becher, in 76° 20' north latitude, and 27° west longitude. \Ve here again started on the 1st of July, and carried up a depot for my return to ( '//«' De Haven, returning from this journey on the 17th of July. For jjarticulars during the diiFerent searches, I would refer you to the accompanying reports. " On my return, I was equally surprised to hear that Barrow /^trait had been open as far as could be seen since the 2nd of July — an occurrence which was so far to be expected, as the Strait .vas seen to be in motion till the 11th of March. The land ice had also come out of Welliiigtou Channel as far up as Point iieparation, probably about the .)th of July ; and on the 27th of July, when our travelling operations concluded, the fast edge in the channel continued in the same position. " The ship continued icebound till the 10th of August ; but had our parties returned in sufficient time to refit and be ready to cut out from the date of water making, we would not have been at liberty on the loth of July. "On the 11th of August, Captain Austin's ships entered our harbour in their progress to the eastward. His parties had penetrated so far us ships could hope to go, yet, like our own, unsuccessful in finding the least tra'..- of the missing expedition. In fact, none had been found such as would Avarrant the risk of ji second winter, and, ray orders being such as left no alternative, I determined on immediately returning to England, if no instruc- 23 ships tions to the contrarv should he met with. In proceeding down the country, we landed at Coiie /["if and Button Point, in Pond Jhtt/, positions considered the most prohaMe for dispatches J)eing sent on hy the whale shii)s. Findinj; none, we continued our course down along the land, crossing, in 70^ north latitude, through a body of a hundred and forty miles of ice. We made repeateti endeavours to reach Siedtf, on the island of Disco, to ascertain if any dispatches had heen left there for our guidance ; hut thick weather and a strong northerly wind obliged us to haul off, after having made a narrow escape from a reef lying close in shore. We parted from the Sophia about twenty miles off the land, expecting to rejoin her after having communicated with the Danish settlement ; but the thick weather and strong gale continu- ing for twenty-four hours, we separated from her, and have not since .seen her. Captain Stewart's instructions, in case of such an event, were to make the best of his way to Woofiric/i, having it in his power to take either the Eitf/Ush Cliiiiinel or the Penthrnd Frith as his route, according as the wind might lead. " In speaking of the services of the various officers under De Haven, I would mention my second in command as an able and energetic coadjutor, both on board ship and in conducting the search along the east coast of Wel- liwjton C/nfiinef iiud the south iihorc^ of Afl/ert L(nikilful ice officers ; and the exertions of the one in accom- panying ilr. Goodsii- in the whole extent of his journey, and the other, my second in the boat, were such as could not but afford me the greatest satis- foction. The whole of the duties of refitting the ship during my absence fell upon Mr. ^larshall, and were accomplished in a time remarkably short, con- sidering the few hands on board. Of ^Ir. John Stuart, the youngest officer under my command, I cannot speak too highly. Finding that there were no duties as an assistant surgeon, he acted as third mate, and his exertions in preparing the travelling equipment, his surveys of various bays during his travels, and his assistance in preparing charts, etc., have proved of the greatest use; and for his proceetlings during the search of the beaches, (fee. between i'tipe Griiinell and C'ipe Hunl, I would refer you to his journal. He after- wards started as an auxiliary to the boat party, with an interval of only thirty-six hours, and was subsequently employed in numerous short journeys, conducting boats, kc. '• Mr. Goodsir, in his western search, discharged alike his duty to this ex- pedition and his missing brother. " Mr. Petersen, the interpreter, in conducting the dog sledges, and in affording much useful information with reference to travellinsr. as well as his personal exertion in the same, to the extent even of injuring his health, has afforded me the greatest satisfaction ; and of his services as interpreter on a former occasion I have made mention in a previous dispatch. " Of the seamen of both vessels jdaced under my command I cannot speak too highly ; for neither in winter quarters, nor while enduring the privations r V f i. I 24 ami fatigues of travelling, did ever one complaint or grumltlc reach my ears. Of their unwearied exertions, a schedule is laid hefore you ; and if success has not attended their labours, they have not the less performed their diitics. " I have, etc., "William Fniiny. " Commanding the Expedition. " The Secretary of the Admiralty." CAPTAIN AUSTIN'S DESPATCH'S. " Repokt op Proceedings. " Her Majesty's ship Resolute, off the winter quarters of Captain Penny's Expedition, between Capes Martyr and Ilotham, Aug. 12, (?) 1851. " SiH, — In order that the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty may learn by the first opportunity the proceedings of the expedition entrusted to my charge, I consider it advisable that a brief account (amended since the return of Captain Penny) should be placed on board the Ladi Fkaxklix, my brief report of the 14th instant having been transferred to the Felix, in conse- quence of the attempt to send a boat to Pond Bay to communicate with the whaler being relinquished. " il. Captain Ommanney having examined Wolstenhohne Sound, which proved to have been the winter quarters of the North Star, and completed the search of the north shore of Lancaster Sound and Barrow Strait, froni Cape Warrender to Cape Fellfoot, looked into PoH Leopold, and then pro- ceeded in further execution of his orders, the Intrepid having, in the mean- time, examined Maxwell Bay and Cape Ihird, finding at the latter place a record from the Investigator. " 3. Captain Ommaney, in the Intrepid, reached Cape Riley and Beechey Island on the night of the 23rd of August, and at both found positive traces of the missing expedition. " 4. On the 24th, Captain Ommanney was joined by the United States' schooner Rescue, and in the latter part of that day he dispatched the Intrepid to search the shore to the northward ; but she was stopi)ed by the fixed ice about four miles beyond Point Innes. " 5. On the 25th, a lead opened towards Cape Hotham; Captain Omman- ney, hoping to find a record here, dispatched the Intrepid to take advan- tage of it, following in the Assistance ; Captain Penny, who had now arrived and communicated, remaining to search the bay between Cape Riley and Beechey Island. " 6. The Resolute, having in her search been detained by bad weather, did not reach Cape Riley and Beechey Island until early on the morning of the 28th. She found between the latter and Cape Spencer the Felix, Sir John Ross, the two brigs of Captain Penny, and the Rescue, Lieutenant De Haven, and saw from the crow's nest the Assistance and Intrepid on the opposite shore, near Barlow Inlet; the other United States' schooner. Ad- vance, was beset a few miles to the northward, with a searching party to Cape Boxiiden, where a bottle, scraps of newspaper, shot, and other miscel- laneous fragments were found, conveying the impression that it had been the resting-place of a shooting or other small party. " 7. In rounding Beechey Island, we were hampered by the closing of the ice, which drove the Pioneer into shoal water, where she gi'ounded, and was .afterwards hove off without having sustained any damage. " 8. Previous to the arrival of the Resolute, Captain Penny had found on Beechey Island three graves, and various other conclusive evidence ; which, the moment I saw them, assured me that the bay between Cajie Riley and Beechey Island had been the winter quaiters of the expedition under Sir John Franklin, in the season 1845-46, and that there was circumstantial evidence sufficient to prove that its departure was somewhat sudden ; but Ap- 25 whether at nn early t>r Intc |tcriosolute necessity for the Resouitk being heUl ready to pnsli across the .t/m// at the earliest moment to communicate with Captain Om- nianney, to determine further movements, and get to the westward, prevented tmvelling operations, but the immediate neighbourhood of C(ii>e ltUe>f, lieechei/ Idaad, and the coast of Wellington Strait, to near Cape liowden, were satisfactorily searched without any record whatever being found. " 10. On the morning of the 28th, the ice eased off sufficiently to enable Lieut. De Haven to rejoin his consort round Co]}e Spencer. On the after- noon of the 4th of September, upon a southerly movement of the ice, the Assistance rounded Capellotham, and the United States Expcilition reached to near Barlow Inlet ; and on the morning of the flth, another movement enabled the Resolute and Pioneek to reach the western shore, but not in time to obtain security in Barlow Inlet. "11. We continued beset until the evening of the 7th, when the ice gave way to the northward, and carried us, in a critical position, out of the strait to the south-east of Cape llotham. This movement enabled Captain Penny and Sir John Ross to cross the strait. " 12. Early on the morning of the nth, another change occurretl, when we succeeded in relieving ourselves from the ice, and (with the brigs ami schooners) gained the water between the pack to the southward and Corn- wallis Island ; then pushed onwards with raised hoj)es to the westward, steering for the southern extremity of Griffith Island, and sighting in the evening the Assistance and tender in that direction. " 13. On the morning of the 10th, we reached an extensive floe, extending from the south-west end of Griffith Island to the southward, as far as the eye could reach, to which the Assistant:: and tender were secured. Wo joined company, as did the brigs, and in the evening the United States ex- pedition. Captain Ommanney informed me that he had searched by parties on foot (unhappily without finding any trace) the shores of Cormrullis Inland from six miles above Barlow Iidet to Cape Martijr; had found two bays on the south side, eligible for winter security, and had deposited on Crising them thereof, and proposing that the whole force might be concentrated, and arrangements made for each taking such portion of the search as, under the circumstances, might best insure the accomplishment of the oliject of our mission. " 16. On the morning of the 13th, the weather having somewhat clearetl, with the temperature down to near zero (plus 3°), we cast off. After much labour and difficulty cleared the bay and stream ice, and reached open water east of Griffith Island, when the United States expetlitiou were seen to com- municate with each other, hoist theii' colours, and staml to the eii.stward ; and it was not until some short time after that I recollected Lieutenant l)e Haven had, in reply, api)ri.scd me of the probability of his return to America E 26 this year, but the circumstances in which wc were placed wholly preventctl our bearing up for communication. The same evening wc made fast to the fixed ice between Cape Mart if r and Griffith Mnul, as the only hope of fineralive to look forthwith to the security of the expedition. The bay ico havnig this day slightly eased off a short distance eastern, we commenced to cut through the newly-formed presseruary, 18.51, a communication vin^ Miial! party from this expedition) witli uur noiglil)our8 to thu uiisi pcrature Uili'^' IhsIow the freezing point), and shortly after an ii was made with Captain Penny, of the detail of equipment for purties determined on by each. " 24. By the loth of March, every arrangomont had been made and gene- rally promulgated for tho departure of tho spring searching parties as early as practicable after the first week in April. All appeared satisfied with tho positions assigned to them, and became alike animated in the great and iiuinano cause. With regard to myself, it appeared imperative that I should remain with the ships, and leave to those around mo the satisfaction and honour of search and discovery — from their ages well adapting them for such service, the confidence I felt in their talent and experience being fully equal to direct the energies and command the powers of the parties under them, and their determination to carry out tho tasks they were appointed to per- form. I must, however, say, that — if such a feeling could exist on a matter of duty — I did not, without the sacrifice of some personal ambition, refrain from participating iu this great work of humanity. " 25. From this period all joined heart and hand in putting forward every effort in tho general preparation. Walking excursions for four hours a day, when weather permitted (temperature ranging from U)'^ to 43° minus), and sledge dragging with the actual weights, were measures of training. " 2G. liy the 2iSth of March each individual was ready, and the e westward. lictwuun thiH ami thu Ixj^ciiiuiii^ of May ttic tuiniiemtiiru fvll coiiHuluniltly (tu ininitH liT^}, aucoinpaniud l)y Htruiig wiiitls. " :33. The wholo of the liinitod nurtioH ruturno«l at puriods botwcuu ihu 27tli of April and the 7th of May, unhappily without any tracoH. They l»rou}^ht in ca.sualtics of mun from frost bite to tho number of oightuon, one of which, it is my painful duty to relate, ended fatally. Quorge H. Malcolm, captain of tho hold of the Ueholutb, u native of Dundee, whose death was attriltuted to exhaustion and frost-hito, brought on while lal)ouring as captain of thu slodf^e Excellent, virtually, it may be said, died at his post. He was a most respected petty otiicer ; his remains aro at rest on tho north-cast shore of ilrijjitk Imiad. " 34. During this interval, four sledges, manned with twenty-seven officers and mun, were dispatched with refreshments for the extended parties in thuir return, and to assist them if necessary, as also to make observations, fix positions, deposit records, etc. " JJ/i. On the 2;Jrd of May, Captain Penny reached the RE80LUTK,and made known to mo that ho htwl discovered a largo space of water up Welliiif/toii tStrait, commencing about seventy miles N.W. by N. of C((/te llotham. i unich tcgrettcd that our remaining strength did not admit of my placing at his dis- posal sufficient aid to convey a boat, that ho might ascertain its nature and extent. " 3G. Tho extended parties returned — unhappily without any trace what ever — between tho 5J8th of May and tho 4th of July, in safety and gooil health, but ruijuiring short puriods of rust and comfort to remove tho eH'ucts of privation and fatiguu. They were out respectively forty-four, Hfty-eight, sixty, sixty-two, and (the Mdoille Island parties) eighty days, some portion!- uf periods they were (from heavy drift) detained in their tents, with thu tomporaturo ranging as much as ()!)° below tho freezing point. " 37. The details connected with these operations I must defer for a future occasion, the following being tho general results, viz. : — Ai.oxd SOUTH siioiii:. Niuiio uf Oltlcer ill Command. 6 i- Name of Sledge. 1 ^1 Miles of eoHKt searched. Kxtniiiu pciiui readied. Tarty. 1 * -^ , Name. Kank. New Old. Lat. Lout; (•'.xtoiided - - - • Kxlended - • - • l'',xteiid«d - - - - 1 .iniited Limited Limited Auxiliary • - - • KesoiTO and 1 Cydrograidil. Mr. Krasiiius Ommanney Mr. Slieranl Osliorn - - - - Mr. W. II. Itrowne Mr. tieorgo V. Mecliiuu - - Mr. Vesey lliuniltuii - - - ■ Mr. Cliurlcs ImIo Mr. I'Voderiek .1. Krabbe Mr. George 1''. Mechiun - - Mr. Frederick J. Krabbe Captain- • • • Lieutenant r.ieuleiiant Lieutenant Mate Assist. Surg. Seed. Muster Lieutenant Seed. Master w t a 4 It 1 C Ucliunce ■ • - • True nine • - • I0ntcri>ri8e - - - Succotir Adventure ■ - - InHexible - - • - Success Kussell I'ldward Kiddle 41 1.3 IM mi 2311 108 irs IM 2:18 110 205 m lOO 80 10 23 72° 1 1 72° 18 72° 19 lo«»o|:i lii:i 20 — 198 — — — l0|O3H 1(M°20 I08"|ri i|i^ " 38. Tho extent of coast searched will be seen more readily in the accom- panying outline of a chart. " 39. Although all have experienced in the performance of this extensive undertaking considerable privation, labour, and suiiuring, and been animated with corresponding ai'dour in the great cause of humanity (which I earnestly '29 1.(111^ ]n|O!)0 hopo will iiiuut thuii|i)>r«>l»ition<>i the LtnlHroiimiisHioiierH of tlie Admimlty), yut I i'uul it l(* liv . I cuiitiut omit to notice that the runner slcd^^es have withHtotxi the ttevore wear uiul tear of these journeys most admiraMy ; I heliuve their con- Htru(;tion to have arisen from the ex|K;ricnee of Arctic voyages; hut I feel it to ho due to express that the manner in which they are put together reflects the highest credit on the i>ers«>ns who did it. "41. I feel it would lie u source of great satisfaction to their lordships, to know that every otticxT rejmrts the conthict of his men to have heen most exemplary, each with their untiring lalH)ur and the good feeling exhibited towards each other ^ as highly gnttifying. And I nmst not omit to men- tion, that the crew are re|»orte«l to have heen aniniuted hy the example of the junior officers, who were almost constantly at the drag ropes. " 42. The four vessels eom|K>sing the exiK^lition are in every way efficient ; the defects of the Pio.nekk, consisting of twenty-one top timl)ers crushed hy a heavy nip in Meli-iUe Jiat/, have Inion miule goo*l. The machinery of hoth steam-vessels has undergone reiuiirs and numerous adjustments, and is in u state highly .satisfactory, reflecting much credit on the engineers. " 43. The com|)lemcnts of the vessels con. posing the expedition are com- plete, the vacancy in the Kesolite having l>een filled hy James Fox, A.li., volunteer (native of PortiKitrick, Wigtonshire), who was received on the 1 7th of August last from the Puince Aluekt (Commander Forsyth) for meilicai treatment. " 44. Large caverns have heen huilt and records deposited at litechetf ld" io' west ; and in latitude 7r>°, longitude *M°. Printed notices have also been dcix>siteil on the routes of the sevenil searching parties. " 45. Having yesterilay been relea^eii from our winter «|uartcr8, and most happily reached to those of Capt. Penny, I have now the honour to state, thiu having maturely considered the directions and extent of the search (without success) that has been made by this cxi)eiiition, and weighed the opinions of the officers when at their extremes, 1 have arrived at the conclusion, that the expedition under 8ir John Franklin did not prosecute the object of its mission to the southwanl and westward of WeUitujtoti IStrait ; and having communicated with Captain Penny, and fully considered his official reply to my letter, relative to the search of Weltiiujtoa Strait by the expedition under his charge (unhappily without success), I do not feel authorised to prosecute (even if practicable) a farther searcu in those directions. " 46. It is now my intention to proceed with all dispatch to attempt the search of Jvnes's ISoniul ; looking to their lordships' intention, and to the impression that may now Inicome strengthened with reference thereto, I have at the last moment the satisfaction of stating that wc arc proceeding under favourable circumstances. " 47. It is my pleasing duty to report that the health of all composing the expedition is highly siitisfactory. " I have the honour to be, &c., " Horatio T. Austin, '' Captain, and in Charge of the Expedition." ) 30 CAPTAIN AUSTIN'S SECOND DESPATCH. The following is extracted from Cuptaiu Aust.iu's report of his further jiroceeilings : — "SiK, — In continuation of the report of the 12th of August last, trans- mitted by Captain Penny, I have now the honour to acquaint you, for the information of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, that being off Cajte Wurrender on the evening of the 14th, in clear water, and under favourable circumstances, I attached to the Inthepid, Lieutenant Elliott,and Mr. Hamil- ton, mate ; and to the Pioneeb, Mr. IM'Dougall, Second uuister, for hydro- graphical purposes, as also Mr. May, mate, in addition to the latter ve^ssel ; so that in the event of opportunity offering, the acquirements of those officers might be brought to good account. This gave to each vessel six additional men. Directed Captain Ommanney to erect a cairn and beacon, and de|>osit a record on Ctful whether it would not become imperative to abandon her ; but, happily, the wind fell, the ice ceased, and she became relievetl in a must remarkable manner, apparently without having sustaiueeen at all times held ; to the oflficers in command of the steam tenders ; to the execu- tive officers of the expedition, and to the heads of the respective Immches, my best thanks are due ; and I must not omit to notice the talented assist- ance I have had in the navigation of the expedition from Mr. Allen, master of the Resolute. Of all in their respective stations (not forgetting the admirable conduct and spirited exertions of the crews) I cannot speak too highly ; and hope, should their lordshijis be pleased to think favourably of the labours of the expedition entrusted to my charge, that they may be further induced to reward individual merit." 32 I ii :i I II CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN CAPTAINS AUSTIN AND PENNY. "Her Majesty's ship Resolute, off the Winter Quarters ol Captain Penny's Expedition, August 11, 1851. " Sir, — Having this day most unexpectedly reached your winter quarters, and also having had the satisfaction of a personal communication with you, I now beg leave to aojuaint you that, having matiirely considered the direc- tions and extent of the search (without success) that has been made by the expetlition under my charge, and weighed the opinions of the officers when at their extremes, I have arrived at the conclusion that the expedition under Sir John Franklin did not prosecute the object of its mission to the south- ward and westward of WeUingto)i Strait. " Under these circumstances, I now await your reply to my letter trans mitted herewith, in order that I may make ' lown to you at the earliest moment the plans for the future movements of this expedition. " I have, &c., "Horatio T. Austin, Captain, .t.\ " Captain William Penny, Her Majesty's brig Lady Franklin, and in charge of an expedition searching for the expedition under Sir John Fninklin." " Her Majesty's ship Resolute, off the Winter Quarters ol' Captain Penny's Expedition, August 1 1 . " Sir, — Having this day most unexi)ectedly reached your winter <(uiirtcrs, and also having had the satisfaction of a personal communication with you, I feel it incumbent (previous to making known to you my determination as to the further movements of the expedition under my orders) to reciuest that you will be pleased to acquaint me, whether you consider that the search of the We/fiiigtoii Strait, made by the expedition under your charge, is so far satisfactory as to render a further prosecution in that direction, if i»rac- ticable, unnecessary. " 1 hsive, &c., "Horatio T. Austin, • iiptnin, .i.-, " Captain William Penny, Iler Majesty's brig Ladv Fuanklin, and in charge of an expedition searching for the expedition under Sir John Fra "din." "Assistance Bay, August 11. "Sir, — Your question is easily answered. My opii ion is, Weffiiii/foii Channel requires no further search ; all has been done in the power of ntan to accomplish, and no trace can be found. What else can be done I " I have the honour to be, &c., " William Penny. " Captain II. T. Austin, C.B., of Iler Majesty's expedition in search of Sir John Franklin." 1 I " Her ^Iaje.i' York i>aj)er : — " It will be renienihered that the latest previous intelligence from tlx; Rkscuk and the Advance was to September l8o(), received through the English papers. On that day they parted company with the English s<|nadron, as mentioned in the despatches of Oaj)tain Penny. The same night they were frozen in at Wcl/liu/ton C/ianue/. From that point com menced their northern drift, and they were carried np the Channel to latitude ~'')° 25', the greatest northing ever attained in that meriilian During this time the violence of the eruptions of the ice was so great that liiey could not keep any fires regularly on account of the motion of the vessel. From that latitude they conniionccd drifting again to the south, and in November 1850 entered btncuster t^ovnd. The mercury in th(! thermometer fell below zero, the bedding froze in every apartment, and th.' coffee and sou]) beoiime congealed as soon as taken oil" the fire. The princi pal eruptions in the ice occurred on the 11th November and 8th December, 1850, and 13th January 1851, on which latter day the expedition entered /jiijlln's Bai/. During the continuance of the vessels in this ice the vessels were liftoe of getting round the bay ice, and making for the southern j)assage. Caj)tain De liaven thinks it probable that she woidd reach Prince Ju'i/ext's Inlet. Dr. Kane thinks, after seeing the regions and the resources on shore, that Sir John Franklin and his crew .are proliably yet alive. The Advance has brought home the relics of Sir John's visit to the jdace where three of Lis men were buried. We learn from Mr. Orinnc;!, that Lady Franklin entertained the same opinion as Dr. Kane with rcs)tect to her noble husband." Si I i' 34 MB. C. B. WELB'S LETTER TO "THE TIMES". " Sir, — The desponding tone of the letter from ' A Captain, R.N.', seems to be founded upon a mistaken interpretation of the last words in Captain Penny's letter. It is quite evident that some personal discussion of the question had taken place between Captaiu Austin and Captain Penny, and the latter is clearly irritated by being called upon to write any further opinion. He had done all that man with his means could do. What more could be expected of him 1 How else can we understand Captain Penny's urgent application, at the very moment of his return to England, to have a powerful steamer with which to go back to search beyond Wellington Clian- rxl? That channel had received a complete search. The result of the examination is to show, not only that the route by the north-west pointed out to Sir John Franklin in his instructions existed, but that it was open to him ; and, knowing as I do the strong feeling that prevailed in the minds of all his officers, and also of the Admiralty, at that period, I have an entire convic- tion that this north-west route was taken ; and it does seem not a little per- verse, after the discovery of traces within the entrance to Wellington Channel, to maintain that the missing expedition did not go up that strait. " Nor does your correspondent's assertion, that Lieutenant M'Clintock's wonderful journey to Melville Idand demonstrates that Franklin did not reach that island, hold good ; for he may be even now on the northern shores of that extensive land, whose limits to the west are unknown. " Your correspondent overlooks the important fact, that there is evidence of the means of subsistence being found in high arctic latitudes, oven more than in southern. Captain Penny saw birds innumerable, and Ijcars, seals, and walruses, the latter of these animals being the most useful of any, in affording not only food,* but fuel ; and in the island of Spitzhergen, in the high latitude of 80° N., herds of deer and musk oxen have been seen. " It is clear that Captain Austin could not have shared the opinion of your correspondent relative to the possibility of supporting life for six or seven years in some way or other in the Arctic seuu, otherwise he would not have accepted a command, the expected duration of which exceeds the period at which, according to the above theory, they must cease to exist. " I am, sir, your humble servant, " C. B. Weld. " Royal Society, Somerset-house, October 7." W. F.'s LETTEB TO THE "TIMES". " Sir, — Being one most interested in the fate of the missing expedition under Sir John Franklin, I cannot allow a letter which appears in your columns of the 7th instant, signed ' A Captain, R.N.', to pass imnoticed. It contains some statements that are at variance with facts, and is of a most mischievous and dangerous tendency. " I do not think that the public generally are aware what Captain Penny's opinion upon this subject is, and having had sevenil interviews with him, 1 will state in as few words as possible what it is, which will, I think, be the best answer to the Captain's letter. " In the first place, so far from considering Wellington Channel searched. Captain Penny came home for the express purpose of obtaining from the government a powerful steamer to do this service. He wished to sail again this autumn as soon as a steamer could be got ready, but the matter having been laid before an Arctic council, it was decided that the season was too far advanced, and that the spring would be a better time to renew the search. If Captain Penny had considered Wellington Channel searched, why did he * Sec nolo on the facility of enticing ami I'lipiuriii^ bmr^. pu;,'i: .s. 35 make ail application to Captain Austin for one of Lis tenders to do this ser- vice ( Captain Penny is confident in his own mind that Sir John Franklin, having wintered at Cape Itileif, in 45° G', (?)* went up Wellington Channel. That there is no document found on Beechey Island is, indeed, extraordinary, but this Captain Penny attributes to their having left in a great hurry (as everything on the spot indicates), in consequence of the sudden break up of the ice. " Now, with regard to their means of subsistence. Captain Penny states that one hundred miles up the Channel from Cape Riley he finds the ice becoming rotten ; and thirty or forty miles further north he comes to open water as far as the eye could see, teeming with animal life. He saw deer, l>irds of many kinds, seals, and porpoises. This was on the 17th of ]\Iay. The first bird seen at Cafe Riley, more than two degrees south, was on the 2d of June. It would be vain to suppose that if Sir John Franklin came to this open water, he would stop and land a boat to build a cairn or leave traces. He would consider this waste of time, and make the best of his way. " There is no reiison to suppose that the expedition is lost, either from being wrecked or starvation, or that they have died of despair, as some say ; — Fninklin, Crozier, and Fitzjames, would not do that. It is, therefore, the duty of the government, with the new year, to set about fitting out a fresh expedition of search, a powerful steamer and two sailing vessels, commanded by a man of known and tried skill and courage, with ample means at his command, and empowered to act upon his own discretion. " Pardon me for trespassing so long upon your valuable space ; but I know from your article of the 7th that you are in favour of further search, and may England remember that the eyes of all the world are upon her, and may she never think that she has done her duty till she has either restored our long lost countrymen to their homes, or ascertained their fate. " Your obedient servant, " W F '' Lutterworth, October 9." ABCTIC COMMITTEE. {From the Illustrated London News, Xovemlier 1851.) " The members of this committee continue to hold their sittings, and exa- mine officers of the recent Arctic expeditions. It appears that Captain Sir John Franklin, when parting with an intimate acquaintance at Woolu'ich on the night previous to the day of his sailing in the Erebus for the Arctic regions, said it would be a long time before he would return home, as it was his intention to obey the instructions he had received from the Admiralty as far as i)ossible ; but his own impression was that he wo'jM obtain a passage up the Wellington Channel, and he woiild leave no means untried to eftect a passage up that Channel before he returned. The anxiety of the Admiralty and of Lady Franklin that the search for the missing expedition should have previously been made in the direction of Melville Island was adopted from the best of motives, as, in the event of the vessels having been wrecked, the most probable place to find any of the survivors would have been in that direction. It having now been ascertained, as the result of the recent expeditions of Captain Austin and Captain Penny, that the Erebus and Terror have not been wrecked in the direction of Melrille Island, the exertion of the officers and men of future expeditions will be to eftect a passage up Wellington Channel, as the only direction in which it can now be expected to find or ascertain the fate of the long-absent officers and crews of Sir John Franklin's expedition." • I'oiut Uilev is in l.iit. 1 1° In'. 3G i{ EXTRACTS from the NnatictU Magazine, for Noveiader liSfll. [Tliu foUowiiij^ extracts are selected from a paper in the Naatiml Muifpea sea. Such an extent of open water as was actually seen by Captain Penny and his ll''^ 37 citficurs, at a pcriwl ot the year when Ciaptain Austin was fast Itouuil with .1 touipcniture scjircely, I l>elio\».'. above /,ero, is iiidced a remarkable tact. It uiay eoiisist with the eoiidition (if they prove such) of a sea of no exlraonli- uary *le{>th, enclosed all arouiul l)y land, with no other communication but by W'dlintiton tStrait ; but it would be a far more intelligible fact, if that sea jihould Iwi found to communicate with a deep and extensive ocean to tiie north. Let that ocean be as extensive as it may, if it is a deep sea, and not much encumbered with land, it will be an open sea whatever may be its latitude. " 1 consider it therefore a geogroph kal problem of first-rate importance, to ascertain whether or not Queen \ ictoria Channel leads into a sea of tliat description. If it does, a larger portion of the earth's surface, still unknown to us, may be accessible, and for its physical relations and phenomena, as well as for the completion of the descriptive geography of the globe, will form a field for very interesting and important research. The existence of Wrangel's sea, in parallel circumstance, north of the continent of Axia, forms a strong fe;iture in support. We have also much reason to stijuiose that tee hare been preceded in this line of research bi/ Franklin ; ai,d that in fol- lowing it tct h'ne great probalilitg of ascertaining his fate, not unmixed with u reiuouable profj-ubilitg of slUl affording «t(/." Lady Fkanklin's Opinion. " But notwithstanding this, 1 am persuaded, now that it is pretty well proved my husband could not have penetrated south-west, according to the first part of his instructions, that he has taken the only alternative those instructions pre»euic-d him, by going up Wellington Chtinnel. Indeed, whatever argument may be used in opposition, there is one in favor of this view, which is stronger than any thing that can be urged against it, anil that is, that i know he intended to try it. Private connections and domestic Confidences cannot be brought forward in discussions of a public nature, nor are likely to lie much attended to if they were ; but to nie they leave no room for doubt or hesitation whatever. Only tell me that they could not hjive taken a south-west course, and then 1 know they would besiege the gates of Wtllington Channel (supposing they found them closed, which is only an hypothesis founded on the passing observations of the last two years), till the happy moment arrived when they yielded to perseverance. For to say there never is a jwissjige in that direction, cannot be affirmed of Welling- ton Channel any mere than it can of Barrow kStates would help in engaging the active and energetic sympathies of your countrymen, painful, in many respects, as this trial would be, I would brace up my courage to the proof. " But my head is growing weak, and my health is sinking — and then I have a beloved sister (not to mention an aged father, who is not now in a state to he conscious of my absence) whom it would almost break my heart to leave. I am sure you will tell, with all .>our accustomed truth and candour and kindness, what is your view of this point, in case the Admiralty fail me.. . . '* It appears that it was Captain Austin's intention, to look into Willing- ton Channel himself, and also into Jones's Sound before he returned home ; but as to the former, Penny says he will find the ice impassable, so that he will be sure not to be able, as an 03-e-«itness, to sec the opening. Nothing, l)crhaps, could penet».ite it in its present state but the four hundred horse- power steamer, and that cannot be done this year, though Penny says, if the .steamer could be ready to sail in three weeks or a month from hence, he thinks he could still get her up to Joncaster Sound this season, or at any rate to some convmient locality, which would enable him to commence early operations next sjiring. I intended '.vriting much more to j'ou about your own two gallant ships, and their winter of almo.st unparalleled anxiety; but, as I wish to address a few lines to Judge Kane, I believe I inust forliear, and refer you to my note to him, which I shall enclose and leave o|)en. Captain Penny has studded the northern |iart of ]VeUiiiri"s«iilils '^>-i throuph. '' Hclicvo mo, my itir amoHfj; the Arctic Committee, who, we helieve, called on Lady Franklin t.) e.vplain her reasons for so severely retlectim^ on the Knj^lish Admiralty What reply her Ladyshi]) made to the Committee we know ni»t ; l)nt snii seciuently the Afoniin;/ //crn/tf, in a short paragraph, stated that the lettoi- was copied from the American papers, and added that its puMicatiitn llln^l have lieen a ' hreaeh of confidonrc'. Whereupoii L;; !y Franklin wrote the followinjjf rejoinder : — To the Editor of the ,]for)n'nf/ Hfmld. " Sir — There appeared to my {jfreat conuern in your paper of yesterday n private letter of mine to IMr. Grinnell, without any explanation of the siinrcf whence it was derived. I»einj.f anxious to exonerate myself from heinjj; priw to its publication, I reijuested a friend of mine to do me the favour ol inserting? a paragra|)h which woidd j^ive the necessary explanation, witlioni dictating the terms in which it was to be made. V'ou have kindly complied with this reijuest, but in adding that the })ublication of my letter ap|>eareil 'a breach of confidence', you have unintentionally caused nie :still ji:reatoi' pain by making me appear as the accuser of a beloved and honoured fricnil and benefactor, the most noble-minded and honourable of men. " I know not how the letter found its way into the American paper, bui it is too easy to perceive that the kindest of motives might have indiic<'d Mr. Orinnell or his friends to publish it to his countrymen. " I must entreat you to take some means of counteracting an imputation which, if supposed to proceed from my.self, would convict me of great ingra titude and injustice ; and can only regret that it is impossible for yon to ilo this without, I fear, again bringing my name before the ]>ublic. " Jane Franklin. ' THE PBOPOSED FTJBTHEB SEARCH FOR SIR JOHN FRANKLIN BT LIEUTENANT PIM, R.N. [From T/ie Times, Nov. 14, l.s.")l.l "The first meetingof the Royal Geograi)hioal Society for the session of l,s.">l, was held, on Monday night, at the rooms of the Society, No. 3, Waterloo- place, and was very numerou.sly attended. The chair was taken, at half-jia^i eight o'clock, by Sir Roderick IVIurchi.son, the President of the Society, lli had to introduce to their notice Lieutenant Pim, a gentleman connoctod with the royal navy, who would lay before the meeting a new plan for the relief of Sir John Franklin and his gallant companions in the Arctic seas "Sir R.Murchison having read a letter sent by him to the imperial govern- ment of Rusniif, with a view of obtaining for Lieutenant Pim the aid and protection of the Russian government in his ])roposed endeavours to rescue Sir John Franklin and his companions from the Arctic regions, introdiu-cd that gentleman to the meeting, who received him with general and enthusi- astic cheering. " Lieutenant Pim commenced by stating that he had been invited to lay before the Society a detailed ])lan for discovering Sir John Franklin's expo dition ; and expressed his belief that the missing ships were not to be founil tm the coast of J nien'ca, but on that of .[sin. While he was on board Her .Majesty's ships IIkk.\m> and Pi.ovku, exploring the Arctic regions, the fatu of Sir John Franklin was daily the subject of consideration ; and ho could i: 42 not hut lie Ktnit'k witli the I'lict, tliiit tho jtlfiiis a(li»|itf America was not the country where the final settlement of the «piestion, ' What has become of Sir John Franklin ?' niust be determined. The next place, therefore, to which attention turned, was Siffrin. Wrangel's narrative, proving that l)ieces of wreck had been found on the Asiatic shores, and historical accounts stating that various Russian expeditions experienced the greatest difficulties in penetrating even u short distance easterly, made it evident that the very cause which produced that eftcct upon the Russian vessels, would bring about an opposite result u])on any ships which might happen to be about the meridian of Jie/irim/ iStraittt; conseciuently, that a well-organized search of the Asiatic shores would afford results highly .satisfactory. Her Majesty's ship llKaALi), after an absence of six years, having returned to Englatut, after three times visiting Behring iStraits, without more success than the sijuadron on the eastern side of America, and tho fate of Sir John Franklin being still wrapped in mystery, — ho considered it his (Lieutenant Pirn's) duty to make known that conviction, and to submit to the Lords Commis- sioners of the Admiralty a plan for obtaining traces of tho missing expedi- tion. Hi^ proposal was to start on the 18th of the present month, and to travel by way of St. PeterKburffh, Moscoiv, Tobohk, /r^w^and Jakoittz, to the mouth of the Kolijmn, and thence commence exploring tho coast of Siberia east and west, — a distance little short of 10,000 miles. lie did not ask for a party, but merely for a companion and servant ; and stated that the expense attending the journey would be trifiing, in comparison with tho results which it appeared to promise. To his great disappointment, the Admiralty declined to undertake his plan. Lady Fmnklin, however, impressed with the hope of obtaining some satisfactory intelligence, re(|Uested him (Lieutenant I 4S I'iiii) to oiirrv <>ut his |ir»jK«!>rtl dy i>ri\atc iiioniis ; i lieiii>( ^niiitL'y iIk; Atlininiltv. he IkuI iio hoitatio 11)1)1, iiiilimitcil iil>Hoiicc 11 III ri'>|ii>iiiliii;{ to ht>r I • Icsirc. The t'limls wliioh I.juI\ Fniiikliii was aMc t(Mli\nto to tliis oNpiili- tioii iiinouiitoil to no niurv thiin £'t{\^\ — n 8uiii oltviuusly iuue that iiioiity t'nr tiltiii.; out the expedition, aiitl to a|)|>eal to his liii|ierial Majesty of Uus>ia to as!t in etteetinj^ this ohject. An interview witli tlie heail of tlie Korei;in-OtHie was obtained, and he eoiild not s]>eak too gnitefully of the kindness) of lionl Pahnorstou on that uccaision, as well as Mr. Adiliii^tun's proinptitude in forwarding the necess»ry dueunients. It was aecordingly his intention to proceed to^St. Pfhi'diHrq on the l>th instant, and enlist the sympathy of the lliissian government in the amse. His original idan bad undergone some modification ; and, in consei|uence, he was coiiipeiled to proceed alone, and look forward to companions provide*! l>y the imiterial service of Ilimniii. Supposing that the negotiation with the court of ItiiAxia terminatem St. Ptttr/)ay/i to J/oncvir l»y railway ; fruiu MoACow to Irhitz, l>y Tffi'fi, on sledges, a distance of 3,")44 miles ; and from Irkittz to Jtiloiitz, also on sletlgcs, a distance of 1,M24 miles. The wlmle journey occupying ahout four months. At Jtd'ovtz all regular travelling conveniences tenninateil ; and the l,:i(Ht miles to the Hirer A'oii/ina, as well as the 2,(MM> miles of search, would have to ho ])erformed in a manner hest adapted to the resources of the country. In l,s.')4 the task might lie com- pleted, if, unfortunately, l>efore that time, no traces should have heen found. " Captaiin Penny concurretl in the view taken hy Lieutenant Pirn, and be- lieved that Sir John Franklin might have advanced by IMiriiif; .Stnn'f.^, as ho found a large quantitv of ilrift-wood in the channel that he (Captain Penny) had discovered in his late voyage. " The Chairman then movetl the thanks of the meeting to Lieutenant Pirn for the lecture they had that night heanl, and coupled with it the following resolution : "That the Council of the Royal Ocograjdiical Society have re(|uestcd tho President, on their K'half. to wait on the First Lord of the Admiralty, and make known to him the proposed expedition of Lieutenant Pirn, the steps which have Wen taken by the Hoyal (ieographical Society, in behalf of that officer, with the Russian authorities, and to solicit the countenance and assistance of the Admiralty."* " Tho resolution was carrietl bv acclamation." ♦ Itlins bt>en itiiiumiu'cti in Uio ■■Tuiit'>'". »<• utv re}i iit liiive Hiiii'o iiilviiiii'cil. throiit.'h Uic i.it'<>(fn«|>liu'iil SiH-itiy, tliu sum of ilMili in iiiil v( Liiiiti'iniiit Piiu'a prujociuil juuritc}'. 4 4 REMARKS, ETC. TiiK course pursued by Sir John Franklin after quitting his winter (juarters at Beevhci/ Island in 1845-6, has been a fruitful subject for speculation among all interested in the fate of the missing expedition. NVhilst some advance the idea that Sir John proceeded westward, j)ast Cape Walker, and to the southward of Melville Island, others imagine that he returned eastward along Barrow Strait, and turning to the north, attempted the supposed passage by Jones' Sound; and, lastly, some conceive that Franklin, assisted by an open season and Cavourable winds, sailed up the Channel, at whose southern extremity he had wintered, and, obtaining a considerable westing in the Great ('hI/ or Sea into which Wcllinyton Strait conducts, has, owing to rasiuilty or unforscen obstacles, and a remote position, become in- cai)acitated either to continue his course, or to return to those parts wliich are known to us. The evidences collected by the recent operations under Captains Austin, Penny, etc., though sufficiently meagre and inconclusive, seem, nevertheless, to tell all one way — and that in support of the route by Wellinyton Channel. The foregoing despatches, etc., have been collected, put together, and digested, under tlie hope that from the facts related in the official reports of the explorers, added to the various comments and o])inions tiieir j)ublication has elicited from the press, somo overbalancing prolmbilitji (for little beyond a good probability ran be attainable in the case) might, by sifting and weighing, be deducible. And if we do not deceive ourselves, the following considerations will contribute towards establishing the probability sought. 1st. The fact of the only traces hitherto discovered being found at tlic very gate or entrance of Penny's newly-discovered Sea. '2m\. The total absence of all other marks, relics, or intelligence relating to the ships hi every other (juarter yet explored, taken in connection with the improbability, (assuming a westerly or southerly course fnmi Bvvchey Island to have been adopted, thus naturally approximating them to the American coast line), of the vessels having failed to come under the notice of the Escpiimaux in case of their safety, or, in case of their wreck and destruction, some vestige or token of the catastrophe coming to light during a period so extended. For nearly the whole seaboard of Arctic America, it must be remembered, has been exaniiiu'd by various searching parlies, wilhout rcikoning upon the slinmliis l(» observation treated by the I 45 reward offered to the natives for information — and its utter un- productiveness. 3rd. That, presuming the Erehtts and Terhor to have both been lost whilst following the said westerly or southerly direction, the un- likelihood that of all the numerous hands not one should succeed in attaining the adjacent continent, or Hudson's Bay territories, to relate the disaster. 4th. It seems, indeed, that the only conditions under which an opinion, favourable to the safety of Franklin and his party, can be sustained are, — I. His having advanced to a very remote position in some high latitude, and — II. His detention there, produced either by wreck or by blockade, and continued by the lack of means to overcome the distance to ic traversed ere inhabited or frequented regions could be reached. 5th. Bearing upon this part of the question, is the subjoined paragraph, which is transferred from the President of the Geograpliical Society's last address, delivered in May 1850. It says, " On the 15th of last August, the Herald had attained the latitude of 71° 12' N., and longitude 170° 10' W.; and on the 16th discovered an almost inaccessible island of granite, rising 1400 feet above the sea, beyond which a range of high land was seen." " It becomes a nervous thing," continues Captain Kellett, " to report a discovery of land in these regions without actually landing on it ; but as far as a man can be certain who has one hundred and thirty pair of eyes to assist him, and all agreeing, I am certain we have discovered an extensive land." Now it will be recollected that Serjeant Andreyev, the active Russian who conducted an expedition of discovery in the let/ iSea, in 17G2, affirmed that he had reached a country called Tiktyen, having a coast line trending nearly parallel to that of northern Siberia, and inhabited by a race named Kraihai. TM^ accoimt was held to be apocryphal by most geographers, and imputed to an optical delusion by Baron von Wrangcl ; yet the narrative of Captain Kellett goes far to corroborate Andreyev's statement. Even the high land descried by von Wrangcl himself from Yakan may, it is not too much to say, have formed some portion of the disputed region ; and besides the discoveries of Captain Kellett, elevated peaks, which may reasonably be concluded to form a part of the same land, were observed by Commander Moore, whose track lay further eastward than that of the Heualp. Now, putting these circumstances in conjunction, tlie inference is far from an im- probable one, that a tontinuouh coast line may extend Irom the vicinity of JSVk- Siberia in the \vc!ursued I A watch-tent to ob.serve every move in the Strait, and the eviirds build their nests, and thousands of eider and king ducks are to be found I I may mention here, that during my last voyage a whale-boat was filled with eggs on a small island on the east side of JJacis Stroitu, in latitude 73° 40', and we could have taken four boatloads off the same island had the birds been in season ; and when such is the result of experience, who can deny that Sir John Franklin and his brave companions may not exist still I ^ " On the 20th of June, I saw narwals, walrus, and white whales making their way down the channel, seeking the protection of the ice, the same as I have seen in latitude 69° in Davis Straits. These animals migrate north at the same season every year for the same pij-pose, which is a convincing proof that a sea does exist beyond Queen Victoria Channel, comparatively open and free from ice, and that they instinctively seek the protection of the ice, which remains longer in these narrow straits, " Sir John Franklin and his brave companions left their native shores to battle for science. Humanity demands that this search should not be given up until the searchers shall have passed through the Arctic Basin and out into the Pacific Ocean ; and until such a course be pursued, the fate of our missing country- a can never be ascertauied. " I have, &c. *'Wm. Penny, " Late Commander of an Arctic Expedition. *' To the President of the Royal Geographical Society."