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 I U i-J A JN U JJ U 'I'T O JN 
 
 106 WASHIXOTOX STREET, 
 
 185;j. 
 
■ •••■v.:n^- 
 
 ■■:■•& 
 
 't 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
THE 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY: 
 
 A ^I E M O I R 
 
 OF THE I.IPE OF THE 
 
 KEV. JACOB BAILEY, A. M 
 
 MISSIONAUY AT 
 
 POWNALBOROUGH, MINE ; CORNWALLIS AND ANNAPOLIS. N. S. ; 
 
 WITU 
 
 (VJUitPUH 
 
 , llute, aiiir ail ipptnbk ; 
 
 I)Y 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 WILLIAM S. BARTLET, A. M., 
 
 Rector of St. Luke's Church. Chelsea, Mass., an,l a Corresponding Member of tlw 
 ilaine 'llstorical Society. 
 
 WITH A PREFACE 
 
 BY 
 
 RIGHT REV. GEORGE BURGESS, D. D., 
 Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Diocese of JIaine. 
 
 BOSTON: 
 IDE AND DUTTON, 
 
 106 WA8HIXGT0K STKEKT, 
 
 i85y. 
 
4 , 
 
 234112 
 
 Entered uccoriliiiK to Act of Conpress, In the year ln5:i, liy 
 
 WILLIAM S. KAIMLKT, 
 
 In tlie Clerk's Olllco of the District Court of the District of Mnssncliusctts. 
 
 WniTB AND POTTER, 
 
 Trlnters, No. 4 Spring Lane, Boston 
 
TO THE 
 
 REV. FRANCIS L. HAWKS, 1).]). U.]),^ 
 
 IIISTOIlIOGIlArilEE 
 
 OF Tllli 
 
 I'KOTE.STAXT EnsCOTAL CIIUllCII 
 
 IN Till'. 
 
 rxiTED STATES OF AMERICA, 
 THIS VOLUME, 
 
 11 i: i ,\ G A C O NT K I It U TI O N TO THAT 
 
 UEl'ARTJIEXT 01' J.ITEllATUKE 
 
 WHICH UK KAS SO .SLLCKSSiX-LLY CULTIVATKU, 
 
 IS, 
 
 HY PiaiMISbloX, 
 
 MESPECTTILI.Y DEDICATED, 
 
 BY HIS Ob :•: 1) I l; \ T B E U V A > 
 
 N T 
 
 AM) IlUOTHI.l; IX THE OOSrEL, 
 
 WILLIAM S. BARTLET. 
 
 AUliUST, .MDCCCLIU. 
 
of 
 '4 
 
pim:fa(!e 
 
 9 
 
 The man whoso biography forms tlic main thromt of this 
 vohune, can scaicoly bo said to Iiavc boon ominont in liis 
 gonoration. Bnt both his character an<I his career were 
 somewhat remarkable: he li,ed in ovontfnl .lays; and 
 ho left bohuHl hun a singular abundance of those manu- 
 script memorials, which bring the manners and the men 
 ot any period so visibly before tlie eves of posterity 
 
 Ihese materials came to the hands of one with whom 
 to exammo, to study, to arrange, to digest them with 
 
 aiorrf lov'^Tr' """ indefatigable attention, was a 
 labor ot love, ihe pages of the book itself will suffi. 
 cently dec are how foithfully every minute pearl of his- 
 toncal fact, whether more or less precious, has be^ 
 brough to the light of day. They cannot di close, ho" 
 ever, what I can testify, -the vast extent, various eon- 
 tents and discouraging aspect of that sea of documents 
 out of which these facts have been rescued 
 
 It IS difficult for one who has followed this frontier 
 missionary, both along the banks of his own rivers and 
 In-ough the autograph record of his struggles, t'ud"e 
 how far others may possibly be interestedTn si eh a"ale 
 transferred to other scenes, and to the printed page 
 
VI 
 
 r R F, F \ f F. 
 
 I'hcro must bo muny. however, wlm \vill tiiid an attrac- 
 tion in tlit'se simple "glimpses ot" New I'.iii^Maud life, as it 
 Avas a contuvy aL!;o; those oollepjo assoeiations of a Har- 
 vard student, mIioso p(»vorty placed him at the foot of a 
 class which Jiad a AN'ontMorlh at its liead, and .lolin 
 Adams amongst its mend)crs ; tins oxperiencc; of the 
 schoolmastor, who oxchanfros his Puritan home for the 
 rude interior of a man-of-war, and thence emerucs into 
 all the hustle of London, to talk witli I'ranklin, and 
 receive tlic speechless blessing' of th<' dyiui;- tSherlock ; 
 these walks of the lonely missionary through the woods, 
 and these journeys by water, slu)rt, l)ut toilsome, m his 
 pastoral "socation ; these patient ministrations amongst 
 his humble iiock, mterspersed with llie jecreations of a 
 favorite garden and an ever-ready pen ; these overshad- 
 owing skirts of the national tempest, reaching e\on to 
 him, while the expedition of lienedict Arnold, on its 
 slow^ way towards (iuebec, through the \vilderness, thins 
 his little congregation as it passes by; tlu>;e trials of the 
 exiles who, honestly hostile to change, and knowing not 
 how to be silent, leave their home to bo overgrown with 
 weeds, and their house of prayer to fall to the ground, 
 and still, after years of separation, cannot but cast a lin- 
 gering look behind. As a picture of the times which 
 just preceded the Revolution, this book must hav(^ its 
 value, even for general history. 
 
 To the history of Maine it otters no unimportant con- 
 tribution ; and, in a much inferior degree, it may be sub- 
 servient to that of Nova Scotia. Some of the local par- 
 ticulars which are here collected, would otherwise have 
 been irrevocably lost ; and they will entitle the author to 
 gratoftil remembrance in the regions -w itli "\\hich his nar- 
 'if^lli^'is chiefly connected. 
 ''■'"Thiis book will also take its place amongst the author- 
 
r II i:i' ACE. 
 
 Ml 
 
 itics of those who, in a future day, "hull trace the early 
 annals of llie Kpi^^cojial Cliureh in Anieriea. It was in 
 the rescarelu's to whicli it led, that tiie author l)rouL;ht 
 to li,i;ht those inlereslinj^ facts deluded in the journal of 
 the colony of l'oi)hani, at Sui^'udahoek ; the name of the 
 first minister who iJrcached the (iospel in New Jlnnland, 
 a minister of the J!n;;lish Church; and the erection of 
 the lirst house of ANorship, a church or ehupel, for the 
 perlormance of divine service, accordin<^ to tlie Book of 
 Coinmon I'rayiu-. 'r]irou<j:h the delay in the ])ul)licution 
 of this Nolnme, tli(\se facl ; have become sonn^what known 
 ulreudy ; but they mi^ht long have remained unknown, 
 if tlie manuscripts of ^Ir. IJailcy had falh^n ii'to other 
 hands. 
 
 The post of Jacob Baili'/ on the Ken'iebec, was one 
 which was established and supported by tlu; Cliristiim 
 diarity of llie N'encu'able Society for the i*ro[)agation of 
 the (iospel ; and of all the deeds of its beneficence which 
 have lately been connnemorated in the review of its cen- 
 tury and a half of j2;rowth, few were kinder than the 
 eftbrt to supply tlio means of grace to the poor settlers 
 of I'rankfort, otherwise so friendless. There was no 
 encroachment n])on sectarian ground: it was a simple 
 work of charity; and tht^ time may come when even this 
 seed, which ap[)eared to be quite trodden down in the 
 struggle of revolution, will be seen to havr^ borne its 
 frint after man}' da\s. 
 
 That a considerable portion of the clergy maintained 
 their allegiance to the British crown, may be remembered 
 with regret, but not with shame. There is no cause to 
 blush for a mistaken conscience, or for sacrifices to prin- 
 ciples, the highest in themselves, though erroneously 
 applied. Should a crisis arrive, when the citizen of one 
 of the TTnited States shall be compelled to choose be- 
 
vm 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 S 
 ■^ 
 
 ;ifl 
 
 tween the commands of his own State and those of the 
 Federal government, the position of those clergymen 
 may then be apprccijited. Many of their brethren were 
 on the popular side : tlie patriarchal Bishop White sus- 
 tained that side from settled conviction ; and, knowing 
 as we now do, the great designs of Providence for our 
 Republic, and the boundless blessings which its establish- 
 ment has shed abroad, we must lament that good men 
 should have shipwrecked their temporal fortunes, and, 
 for a time, the interests of their communion, by their too 
 tenacious adherence to obligations Avhich the national 
 will had dissolved. AVe can read of the sufferings of 
 the loyalists without danger lest our sympathies should 
 persuade us to forget the prcciousness of our political 
 heritage, or the great deeds by which it was purchased ; 
 and this book will cast some light over that painful 
 story. 
 
 It would be delightful indeed, did the narrative dis- 
 close, in its chief subject, the proofs of a more exalted 
 order of piety. For him it can only be claimed that, in 
 an age of little zeal, and on a remote spot, where he was 
 quite without those incitements of brotlierly counsel and 
 society, to Avhich we all owe so much, he strove honestly 
 to fulfil ids pastoral duty according to the measure of his 
 age. His own papers reveal strong prejudices ; a rather 
 unyielding temper ; and some tinge of eccentricity. But 
 they will also exhibit a fidelity, a courage, a sensibility 
 to kindness, and a willingness to labor uirler discourage- 
 ment and self-denial, which must win respect, though 
 the example, viewed as that of a Christian minister, be, 
 even in our eyes, far from faultless. 
 
 G. B. 
 
 Gardiner, Me., August, 1853. 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Description of Rowley, Mass., 1, 2; Birth of Jacob Bailey, 2; His account of his 
 Early Life, 2 ; Habits of his Town's People, 3, 4, o ; His Bashfuluess, .5 ; Letter to a 
 Lady, giving an account of his Boyhood and Youth, o, (5 ; His desire for Knowl- 
 edge, 6 ; Slender Means, 7; Interest taken in him by the Minister of the Parish, 7; 
 Puts himself under his instruction, 7 ; Rev. Jedediah Jcwett, 7. 
 
 (lis- 
 ted 
 in 
 as 
 ncl 
 tly 
 his 
 her 
 [3ut 
 Lity 
 Ige- 
 
 (bo, 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 Mr. Bailey enters Harvard College, 8; His daily Journals, 8; Every generation de- 
 preciates itself in some respects, 8 ; Great improvement in the purity of New Eng- 
 land Morals within a Century, ; Statement of some Social Customs in the last 
 Century, 9 ; A New England ALirriajre, 10 ; Assistance of Friends in Boston, 11 ; 
 Feelings of Discouras^omcnt. 11 ; Visit to Portsmouth, N. H., 11 ; Aid received 
 there, 12; Visit to N.?w Castle, 12; — to Kittery, 13; Interview with Sir William 
 Pepperell, 13 ; Further aid in Portsmouth, 13 ; Extracts from an account of a Jour- 
 ney to Connecticut, 11 to 27; Sccoiul Visit to Portsmouth, 27 ; Ladies visit Mr. 
 Bailey in College, 28 ; Visits Rev. Jonathna l'ar.;ons, at Xcwluiry, 2.'); Ludicrous 
 Scene in the Jleeting-house, 28; Sunday Evcniuu:, 28; :Mr. Buili-y Graduates, 30; 
 Names of his Classmates, .30 ; Ivxpr-jssion of obligation to lie v. J. Jeweti, -'Jl. 
 
 CHAPTEll 111. 
 
 Common School Education in New England, ■■)2 ; Mr. Bailey keep* .Sehnul in Rowfe}, 
 33; — in Kingston, N. II., 33; Description of Kingston and its Inhabitants, 33 ; 
 State of Morals in Kingston, 34 ; Closes his School, 3.5 ; Commences a School at 
 Hampton, N. II., .36; Communication for the New Hampshire Gazette, 3t); Resigns 
 his School at Il.ampton, and conuncnces teaching in Gloucester, Mass., 37; Visits 
 Portsmouth, N. H., and Exeter, 38; Preaches his "Approbation " I'i^fcourse before 
 a Congregational Association, 39 ; Approved l)y them to preacli tlie ( .ospel, 3f) ; At 
 Commencement at Harvard College, 39; Visits Portsmouth, N. 11., 39; At Hamp- 
 ton, 40; Suggestion made that he should seek a Vacant Mission of the Church of 
 England, in New Hampshire, 40 ; Measures taken by him for that purpose, 10 ; Con- 
 fers with Capt. Gibbs on the subject, 40 ; Performs a part in a Play, 41 ; Preaches in 
 Hampton, 42 ; Preach ,. three Sundays in Plymouth, Mass., 42; Letter to Rev. H. 
 Caner, 43; Letter to Dr. Silvester Gardiner, 13; Review of Mr. Bailey's previous 
 Life, 44-47. 
 
i 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 -? 
 
 4 
 
 h 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Journey to Boston, 48 ; Arrival there, 48 ; Visit to Harvard College, 49 ; Treatment 
 by the President, 49 ; Calls on the Boston Clergy, 49 ; Goes on board the " Hind," 
 61 ; The Ship drops down to Nantasket, 52 ; Description of the place assigned to 
 Mr. Bailey, o2; Company assembled in it, 52-54; Their Conduct, 54; Adventure 
 of two of the Ship's OtHccrs, .55; The Ship goes to Sea, 56; Terrific Storm, 57; 
 Lands in Portsmouth, England, 58 ; Journey to London, 60; Arrival in London, 
 GO ; Interview with the Secretary of the Propagation Society, 61 ; With Archbishop 
 of Canterbury, CI ; Kxamiuation for Holy Orders, 61 ; Ordained Deacon 62; Dines 
 at Bisliop of London's Table, 63 ; Waits ur)on Dr. Franklin, 63 ; Crowds attend- 
 ing Whitefield's Preaching, 64 ; Ordained Priest, 64 ; Calls on Bishop of London, 
 66 ; Receives the Royal Bounty, 66 ; Dines with Dr, Franklin, 66 ; Prepares to 
 return to America, 66 ; Sight of Land, 66 ; Arrival in Boston, 67. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 Early Setllfinonts in North America, 68 ; Colonies at St. Croix and Annapolis Rivers, 
 68-, KenncHcc iind Pt-nobscot Rivers visited, 68; Plymouth Company formed, 69; 
 Landing of Colonists at Kennebec, 69 ; Regular Public Worship there, 70 ; Colony 
 at Suco, 71 ; Rev. Robert Jordan, 72. 
 
 Hi 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Proprietors of Kcnncboc Purchase, 74; Germans settle at Frankfort, 74; Circum- 
 stances of these .Settlers, 75; Destitute of Religious Instruction, 75 ; Efforts of a 
 Jesuit, 76; Application to "Society for Propagating the Gospel," etc., 76; Rev. 
 Willi.am ^lack-nniichan sent as Missionary, 77 ; Mr. Maclennachan removes from 
 the Mission, 77; E.\.tent of the Mission, 78; Rev. Jacob Bailey succeeds Mr. 
 Maclennachan, 78; Mr. Bailey's Marriage, 80; Extract from Mr. Bailey's Report, 
 80; Petition fiimi Georgetown, 81 ; Extract from Mr. Bailey's Letter to the Society, 
 P. G., etc., S." ; Uev. W. W. Wheeler, ^lissiouary at Georgetown, 86 ; Steps taken 
 to build .1 Cluirch at Pownalboro\igh, SG ; Church occupied, 87; " Account of the 
 First Mission ou Kennc-bcc River," 88-91; Persecutions by "M."' and "X.," 93; 
 Rev. W. W. Wheeler leaves Georgetown, 98 ; Attempts to establish a Congrega- 
 tional Society, Mil; ]\Ir. Biiiloy's Writings. 101; Account of the Parsonage and 
 Grounds at Pownnlborou^'li, 1(>2-I0i; Persecution while on a Jomncy, 105; Report 
 to the "?-ociety P. G.," 105; Rev. J. W. Weeks persecuted, 108; Attempt upon 
 the Lives oi the Inmritcs of the Parsonage, 108; Travelling Preachers, 1U9 ; Rais- 
 ing a Librrty Polo, 110 ; Persecutions of Mr. Bailey, 112 ; Second attempt to estab- 
 lish a Congregational Society, IIIJ; I'.piscopalians taxed for this purpose, 113; Mr. 
 Bailey flees to Boston, 116; Second Journey to Boston, 117; Extracts from his 
 Journal, 117-121; Persecution continues, 122-126; Sufferings of the People in 
 Maine, 127- 128. 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 Mr. Bailey and Family leave Pownalborough, 129; Visit Georgetown, 130; Depart 
 for Nova .Scotiii, 1.^:J ; Incidents of the Voyage, 1.33; Account of Mr. Rhodes, 137; 
 Incidents of tlie Vnyage, 138-156; Arrival at Halifax, 15G; Meets old Friends, 156; 
 Visited by Rev. Dr. Breynton, 1 J!1 ; Waits upon the Governor, 161; Commences 
 Ilijusekeeping. li'>S. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 XI 
 
 poijart 
 
 137; 
 
 I, lo6; 
 
 Icnccs 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 Donation from the General Assembly, 172 ; Invited to ofKciate at Cornwallis, 173 ; 
 Ilemoves to Cornwallis, 175; Report to the Society P. G., 177; Letter from Rev. 
 Samuel Peters, D. D., 178; History of Connecticut, 170 ; Missionat Annapolis, 180; 
 Appointment to Annapolis, 182; Account of Journey irom Cornwallis to Annapolis, 
 184-190; Letter to the Society P. G., 191; Large Immigration at Annapolis, 193; 
 Report to the Society P. G., 194; Immigration at Annapolis, 195; Keport to the 
 Society P. G., H)G ; Letter to Rev. S. Parker, D. D., 197; Church at Annapolis 
 opened for Divine Service, 197 ; Letter from Rev. Dr. Parker, 193 ; Letter to Rev. 
 S. Peters, D. D., 199; Letter from Rev. S. Peters, D. D., 202; Letter to Rev. 
 
 S. Peters, D. D., 204 ; Report to Society P. G., 208 ; Letter to Mr. T B , 
 
 212; Report to Society P. G., 213 ; Letter to Rev. S. Peters, D. D., 213; Report to 
 Society P. G., 219 ; Idem, 220; Idem, 222; Sunday Schools established in Xova 
 Scotia, 224 ; Mi. Bailey appointed Deputy Chaplain at Annapolis, 224 ; Letter to the 
 Society P. G., 227; Letter from Bishop Inglis, 228; Mr. Bailey's Death, 228; No- 
 tice of his Family, 229 ; Estimate of his Character, 230. 
 
 Notes, 
 
 234 
 
 Appendix, .......... 277 
 
 St. John's Church, Pownalborough, 277; Church at Georgetown, 280; St. Paul's 
 Church, Portland, 282 ; Christ Church, Gardiner, 284 ; Kittcry, 286 ; Prospect, 
 287 ; Rev. W. AV. Wheeler, Missionary at Georgetown, 287 ; Silvester Gardiner, 
 M. D., 290 ; Contribution to the List of Tliree Hundred Ministers, 294; Abstract 
 of Sermons, 295. 
 
 Notices of Loyalists, ........ 311 
 
 Rev. Edward Bass, D. D., 312; Rev. J. Wingate Weeks, 31.5; Hev. William Clark, 
 317; Rev. John Wiswall, 318; Rev. Roger Viets, 319; Rev. ^' -thcr Byles, Jr., 
 D. D., 320; Rev. Bissett, 321; Itev. Henry Cancr, 322; Hev. John Trout- 
 beck, 322; Rev. John Yardill, 322 ; Rev. Isaac Brown, ;i22; Sergeant (Rpv. W. '), 
 
 322; Captain Smith, 322; John McNamarra, 32;3; Dr. John Calf, 3'Jl ; Moses 
 
 Foster, 324; Robert Jenkins, 324; Simmons, 324 ; John Jor.cs, ''2.5 ; Thomas 
 
 Brown, 327; Capt. Charles Callahan, 827; Thomas Turner, James Turner, 
 
 Cookson, John Carlo, Martin Carlo, 329 ; Edmund Doharty, 330 ; Capt. 
 
 Combs, 330 ; Joseph Domette, 330 ; Capt. Campbell, 3"1 ; Thomas Robie, 
 
 331 ; Joseph Patten, 331 ; Major Rogers, 331 ; Dmvling, 332; 
 
 ■ Forman, 3:32 ; Col. (Peter ?) Fry, 332; 
 
 Cumming?-., 332 ; John !McKown, 332 ; — 
 
 William G.-irdincr, 332 ; Wallace, 333; Nathaniel Garil'a-r, 3.33 : 
 
 Charlestowi., 334; Ur. James Tupper, 334; Benjamin Snow, 3.J.3 ; John Lee, 'i3o; 
 
 Capt. Antill Gallop, 335 ; Will; ms, 3.35 ; James Rogers, '■]!') ; Simon Baxter, 
 
 330; Bartholomew Sullivan, 330; Dr. Jonathan Hicks, 3.3(; ; George Lvde, 330; 
 
 John Carleton, 33G; Jackson, 337; Dr. Coffin, 337; Dr. Cassimire 
 
 Meyer, 337; Major Samuel Goodwin, 337- 
 
 Letters axd Journals, ....... 338 
 
 Letters to Amos Bailey, 338, 348, 340, 350; llev. 11. Caner, 338; Dr. Silvester Gar- 
 diner, 338, 351, 352; William (iardiner, 340, rt. .• Mills and Hicks, .347, 348; Mrs. 
 Susanna Renkin, 348; Rev. J. W. Weeks, 343, 314, 315 : Rev. W. W. Wheeler, 312. 
 
ii 
 
 II 
 
/ 
 
 '/U/1/{js7^^ 
 
 J2^- 
 
 THE FRONTIER MISSIONARY. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Near the north-east corner of the old Bay State, lies the 
 
 ancient town of Rowley. 
 
 The northerly line of Massachusetts, if it continued in the 
 
 straight course in which it runs from the westerly border of the 
 
 Commonwealth, would strike the ocean to the southward of 
 this place, throwing it and the neighboring ancient town of 
 Newbury within the limits of New Hampshire. The dividing 
 line between the two States, however, crosses the Merrimac 
 River, some forty miles from its mouth, and then running 
 parallel with that river at a distance of three miles from it 
 proceeds m an irregular course, generally in a north-easterlv 
 direction, till it meets the sea which washes Salisbury Beach. 
 The townships spoken of, lie, therefore, as it were, in the bow 
 ol a parenthesis. 
 
 Even now, when the improved facilities of travel have 
 brought Rowley into close connection with other places it 
 remains a comparatively quiet and secluded spot. Though 
 near the sea, the communication with it is circuitous, and 
 small vessels only can approach any part of the township, 
 ihere is hardly sufficient water power for the grist-mills 
 needed by the inhabitants. ' 
 
 If such be the present condition of this ancient settlement, 
 when almost every New England town has greatly increased 
 and wonderfully changed during the last fifty years, it may 
 
\t 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 ; OR, 
 
 [1731. 
 
 well be supposed that a century since, Rowley was a place in 
 whicii manners and customs, once formed, would continue 
 stereotyped for a long time. 
 
 Distant, as it was, a long summer day's ride on horseback 
 from the metropolis; seldom resorted to, either for busir^^s 
 or pleasure, by strangers*, and the occupation of its inhabitants 
 being mainly agricultural, the stamp which its Puritan settlers 
 affixed upon its society was not only visible, but still sharply 
 defined. A seaboard town, and yet, practically, almost cut oft" 
 from the sea, it had hardly the resources that are common to 
 most New England communities, and its society resembled 
 more nearly that of settlements far in the interior, than might 
 be expected in a place in which the roar of the Atlantic might 
 be heard in every easterly storm. 
 
 m 
 
 m\ 
 
 [Birth-place of Jacob Bailey.] 
 
 In this community Jacob Bailey,* the subject of this 
 Memoir, was born, in the year 1731, and the following account 
 is in his own language, written when he had arrived at middle 
 age, and after education and travel had improved his mind. 
 
 " In my very childhood, as soon as I was able to read, I was 
 seized with an insatiable desire of travelling, and a boundless 
 
 V4 
 
 * See note A. 
 
 I 
 
 iii! 
 
1741.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 this 
 30unt 
 iddle 
 
 curiosity to visit foreign countries. Tliis inclination I was 
 obliged to suppress, since such numerous obstacles arose to 
 check my ambition, and to prevent me from indulging those 
 desires, which all my acquaintance looked upon as extrava- 
 gant and romantic. 
 
 " When I had completed my tenth year, I found myself an 
 inhabitant of a place remarkable for ignorance, narrowness of 
 mind, and bigotry. 
 
 " An uniform method of thinking and acting prevailed, and 
 nothing could be more criminal than for one person to be 
 more learned, religious, or polite, than another. For instance, 
 if one happened to make advances in knowledge beyond his 
 neighbors, he was immediately looked upon as an odd, unac- 
 countable fellow, was shunned by every company, and left to 
 drink his mug of flip* alone on lecture-day night. He was 
 sure to draw upon him the contempt and ridicule of the other 
 sex, and always became the banter of the young females, not 
 only at the frolic and dance, but at the washing tub and spin- 
 ning wheel. 
 
 " Whenever a person began to make a figure in religion, or 
 had the boldness to be more virtuous than his companions, he 
 instantly drew upon him the envy of the old professors, who 
 branded him with the odious names of upstart, hypocrite, and 
 new-light. 
 
 " As for all politeness and every kind of civility, except 
 what their great-grandfathers taught them, it was esteemed a 
 crying sin. Thus I have known a boy whipped for saying Sir 
 to his father, when he came from school, — a young fellow 
 severely reprimanded for drinking a health, — and a very pretty 
 girl obliged to live a virgin ten years, for once preferring a gen- 
 tleman to a plough jogger, and for saluting every body with a 
 courtesy. The old people were so tenacious of the customs 
 of their ancestors, that no consideration could prevail upon 
 them to vary in the minutest instance. This stupid exactness 
 might be discovered in the field, at home, at the tavern, and 
 
 « «' 
 
 Flip ; toddy made with New England rum." — Gage's History ofRoidey, p. 269. 
 
m 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1741. 
 
 
 even in the mecting-lionse. Every man planted as many acres 
 of Indian corn, and sowed the same number with rye ; he 
 ploughed with as many oxen, hoed it as often, and gathered 
 in his crop on the same day with his grandfather. With 
 regard to his family, he salted down the same quantity of beef 
 and pork, wore the same kind of stockings, and at table, sat 
 and said grace with his wife and children around him, just as 
 his predecessors had done before him. 
 
 " At the tavern the same regulation obtained, where it was 
 esteemed impious to venture, except on a training or lecture- 
 day. Upon the former occasion, the good man always bought 
 a piece of sweet cake for his spouse, and a roll of ginger-bread 
 for each of his children ; upon the latter, you might see the 
 fathers of families flocking from the house of devotion, with a 
 becoming gravity in their countenances, to the house of flip. 
 
 *' The young sparks assemble in the evening to divert them- 
 selves, when, after two or three horse-laughs at some passage 
 in the sermon, they proceed in the following manner. They 
 send for an old negro, who presently makes his appearance 
 with the parish fiddle, part of the head of it is broken, it is 
 glued together in several places with rosin, has three strings, 
 etc. Now the music begins, which instantly inspires the 
 youths, who lead out the willing fair to mingle in the dance. 
 They hold this violent exercise, till sweat and fatigue oblige 
 them to desist. In this interval, one is despatched to the 
 tavern for a dram, which revives their spirits till midnight, 
 when they separate. They have one excellent custom here, 
 and that is, their constant attendance on public worship. 
 Upon the ringing of the bell on Sundays, every one repairs to 
 the meeting-house, and behaves with tolerable decency till 
 prayers are over. As to singing, the greatest part have re- 
 nounced their prejudices to what is called the new way, but 
 others continue to place such sanctity in a few old tunes, that 
 they either hang down their heads in silence, or run out of 
 the meeting-house, while their neighbors are singing one of a 
 more modern composition. 
 
 " When the sermon begins, every one has the privilege of 
 growing drowsy, about the middle many catch a nod, and 
 
 ■I 
 s 
 
1741.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOD BAILEY. 
 
 several sleep quietly during the application. These honest 
 people would esteem it a great hardship if they were denied 
 the privilege of taking a nap once a week in their meeting- 
 house. 
 
 " Thus, at the age of ten, I found myself among these peo- 
 ple, without any education, without money ; and to increase 
 my misfortune, I was bashful to the extrcmest degree. 
 
 " This disposition had taken such a possession of me, that 
 I was even afraid to walk the streets in oj)cn daylight, and 
 frequently, when I have been sent abroad in the neighl)orhood 
 of an errand, I have gone a mile about through fields and 
 bushes. A female was the most dreadful sight I could possi- 
 bly behold, and till I was eighteen, I had never courage to 
 speak in their presence. Whenever I had the misfortune to 
 meet one of these animals in tlie street, I immediately climbed 
 over the fence, and lay obscured till she passed along. And, 
 if a young woman happened to come into the room where I 
 was sitting, I was seized with a trembling, but if she sj)ake, 
 my confusion was so great, that it was a long time before I 
 could recover. But these dillicultics, instead of abating my 
 thirst for knowledge, or lessening my unbounded desire for 
 travel, only served as so many incitements to these acquisi- 
 tions." 
 
 The following is a copy of a letter written in mature life. 
 It will be perceived that it was addressed to a lady. Neither 
 her name, nor the date of the letter, however, are preserved. 
 
 " I was born in a country town on the coast of New Eng- 
 land, of honest parents, who, notwithstanding they were ex- 
 tremely industrious, could obtain but a scanty maintenance 
 for themselves and their numerous family. 
 
 " It was my misfortune, from the earliest period of my life, 
 to be bashful to the extremest degree. 
 
 " I was, when a child, even under all the disadvantages of 
 poverty and a narrow ediacation, extremely ambitious, and my 
 curiosity was unbounded, and my thirst for knowledge per- 
 fectly insatiable. I was for taking hold of every opportunity 
 
6 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1750. 
 
 (IttI 
 
 to incronso my Knowlcd^r, improvo my nndfrstaiidiiief, niul to 
 gain iiitclli^ciu'o of liuinanr all'airs. Tlio means I ciijoyrd for 
 mt'iital a((|uircinoiits were indeed very infrequent and slender. 
 I was disjjosed to jiass all my h'isure hours in learning, and 
 yet was unfurnished with any kind of books, or any means of 
 accpiiring knowledge. 
 
 " I was constrained to labor with the most constant and 
 unwearied diligence, and had scarcely time allowed me for 
 needful recreation. However, a season is n(;ver wanting to 
 those who are ready to improve upon any occasion. I used 
 to redeem an hour every evening from the small jjortion that 
 was allotted for my sleep. This, for want of books, I usually 
 spent in scrii)l)ling, so that I composed matter upon a variety 
 of subjects, sullicient, I suppose, to have filled several volumes. 
 
 " It happened, one evening, after I had, as usual, been em- 
 ployed, just before the hour of repose, with my pen, that I was 
 suddenly called away upon some urgent occasion. In the 
 hurry of my rising, I dropped the paper which I had been 
 using, so that it was taken up the next morning by a person 
 of no small curiosity. He was so pleased with the contents, 
 that he instantly communicated it to the perusal of some 
 others, till at length it arrived at the Parson of our Parish, 
 who was a pious and ingenious gentleman. He was so taken 
 with the performance, that he resolved to pay the author a 
 visit. By some means or other, I gained intelligence of his 
 design, and took care to avoid his conversation, by secreting 
 myself from the knowledge of any person. I took a ramble 
 through a neighboring grove, where I gave my attention to 
 the whispers of the breeze, the noise of the turtles, and the 
 croaking of the frogs, till I thought the time of his visit had 
 fully expired. For, not to dissemble. Madam, I esteemed our 
 minister, in that day, such a great man, that thousands would 
 not have tempted me to come into his presence. Being ar- 
 rived at my father's, I understood that he had paid the family 
 a visit, and had prevailed upon my father to let him have the 
 instructing me a twelve month, and that without any con- 
 sideration. Such was his unparalleled generosity I 
 
 " This proposal, however advantageous and agreeable, I 
 
 ,5 
 
1750.] 
 
 LIFE OF IlKV. JACOB IIAILET. 
 
 fi)iiiul eiiciiMihi'nMl with iiisiipcriiljlc dilliciiltics, for I iiii;i<;itif(l 
 it iiiij)ossil)k' to iiitro(liic'(! myself to llic fiiiuily without perish- 
 ing iiiKh'r an iiitoIerahU; wei^'ht of blushes, juul the deepest 
 confusion. The day soon approached. I arose in the morn- 
 ing, having never closed iny eyes the preceding night, and 
 directed my course to the Parson's. I passed \\\v. house, and 
 walked backwards and forwards by it, I think, no less than 
 ten times. A* last, a strange and unusual pang of courage 
 and resolution c. »ne upon me, and forced me up to the door, 
 but, alas, when I arrived, my heart failed me, and 1 presently 
 perceived my ;<pirits beginning to sink, till finding tluit the 
 eyes of a young female in the neighborhood were turned 
 towards mi', I concluded, of the two evils, prudentially to 
 choose the lesser, and so instantly entered. 1 gat over the 
 dilliculties of my first address, and was j)ut to learning that 
 very afternoon, and, as I had the good fortune to perceive, 
 greatly to the acceptance and admiration of my master.'' 
 
 unble 
 on to 
 d the 
 
 had 
 our 
 
 ould 
 g ar- 
 
 mily- 
 the 
 
 con- 
 
 l 
 I 
 
 No information is to be found of tin; time spent in his pre- 
 })aration for college. Enough, however, has been stated, to 
 show his great desire for learning, and the serious obstacles 
 he met with in its acquirement. 
 
 To the Rev. Jedediah Jewett, Pastor of thi\ First Congre- 
 gational Society in Rowley, belongs the credit of taking this 
 poor and almost friendless young man from his obscurity, and 
 giving him the opportunity to gratify that taste for learning, 
 of which he has spoken in the foregoing extracts. 
 
IRONTIEll MISSIONARY; OR, 
 
 [1751. 
 
 m 
 
 II ''I' 
 
 CIIAPTKR n. 
 
 Tiir, subject of this INIcinoir nitored Harvard C()ll('<,'e in 1751, 
 wlu'ii he was twenty years old. 
 
 The reasen of liis coniiiieneini,' his i)rej)aration for college 
 at an age when most young men liave eom|)ieted thi'ir col- 
 legiate course, appears in the extracts) from his own writings, 
 which have already been given. 
 
 We can hardly expect to iind much that will interest the 
 general reader iluring tiu; life of an undergraduate. But 
 Jacob's })ractice of writing, by which, as he has testified, he 
 acquired most of the education he had before he was noticed 
 by Rev. iMr. .lewett, was now very freely followed, and por- 
 tions of copious daily journals ke})t by him arc still in exist- 
 ence. Most of their contents might have been pleasant to 
 him as reminiscences in after life, and would be valued by his 
 relations and friends. Beyond this circle they possess but 
 little interest. Yet there are some matters in them which 
 may be alluded to, and a few portions of them will be ex- 
 tracted. If but little can be copied from these writings to 
 illustrate the personal biography of their author, still, the 
 glimpses they all'ord of the state of society at tiie time, may 
 not be uninteresting in themselves, as well as because tiiey 
 exhibit to i4S, to some extent, the injiucnces thai helped to form 
 his characlcr at this period of his life. It would appear, from 
 these journals, that the bashfulness which he formerly felt in 
 female society, and of which he has spoken, (see previous 
 extracts from his writings,) had no\y entirely disappeared, and 
 that the company of the softer sex was now eagerly sought 
 by him, and highly enjoyed. 
 
 It has ever been a practice for persons to complain of the 
 age in which they live, asserting that religion and morals have 
 deteriorated from their former condition, and, supposing that 
 
 fk 
 
 
± 
 
 1 
 
 1751.] 
 
 i.iri; OF ui:v. jacob iiaii.mv. 
 
 9 
 
 'J 
 
 the 
 lave 
 that 
 
 th<'ir tcndoncy was still (lowiiward, to iiichil^a.' mi ^'looiny fi)re- 
 boilings as to the future. We read the writings of divines 
 and otJKTs, who lIonrishiKl two fiMituries since, and meet with 
 ovidi-nees of this belief. 
 
 Fifty years* later, the complaint is repeated in the books of 
 that time. Another half century furnishes us with lanienta- 
 lions over the tiegeneraey of the times as compared with tlioso 
 that arc past. Doubtless there is reason always to mourn 
 over the disregard that men numifest to their highest good. A 
 thoughtful person can view with no satisfaction the interest 
 which the majority show in perishing trilles. A pious mind, 
 in any age, cannot but bo pained at the evidences around him, 
 tliat "the things that are si-en," and "thai are temporal," so 
 entirely usurp the place in tlu; heart which should In; occupied 
 by "the things that are not si'cn," and that "are eternal." 
 
 Still, W(! cannot but think' that the last one hundred years 
 have witnessed material improvements in tin* (Ifcencim of 
 society and Us minor morals, and where these are improved, 
 the way of advance in more important matters is made easier. 
 
 hfome j)raetices were current during the youth and early 
 manhootl of Mr. ]Jailey, that would not now .>e tolerated. 
 New England society, at that time, in country towns, was 
 liarsh iud hard. No inlluences prevailed to reline the man- 
 ners, and but little existed, around which the liner feelings 
 could entwine themselves. The love of letters was mostly 
 confmed to professional men, or to souu; of those in other 
 pursuits, who had received a liberal education. As a general 
 thing, it was not supposed that females need be taught more 
 than the mere rudiments of Icaridng. Hence, though a few 
 trilling amusements were occasionally resorted to as a means 
 of preventing listlessness, sensual pleasures were the principal 
 ones of that generation. 
 
 Modesty prevents more than an allusion to some of the 
 social customs of the time. Suflice it to say, that the inter- 
 course between the sexes in rural districts was frecpiently of a 
 character so improper, and in many cases so gross, that the 
 present age could hardly believe a plain statement of its 
 2 
 
10 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1753. 
 
 liiir 
 
 nature, were it not certified by those wiio lived at that day, 
 and who speak of it as a matter of course. 
 
 The subject of this Memoir lived in the country till he was 
 twenty years of age, and he fell somewhat into the habits of 
 those around him. But as a larger aciiuaintance with t'- 
 world expanded his views, as the company of females edu- 
 cated in cities, (where no such customs prevailed,) gave him 
 juster notioiis of the purity of female character, and as Divine 
 grace strengthened in his heart, he saw the nature of the 
 intercourse spoken of in a truer light, and his journals and 
 lettter-books show his convictions on th's subject, and the 
 efforts he made for reform. To him fairly belongs the credit 
 of having, in early manhood, advanced beyond the age in 
 which he lived, in his ideas of what females were capable of 
 becoming, and the honesty of his convictions W!..j abundantly 
 manifested in his persevering elTorts for their improvement in 
 secular and religious knowledge. 
 
 Ardent spirits were a common beverage in INIr. Bailey's day, 
 among all classes. The minister, the deacon^' and the people, 
 all indulged in a practice, now so loudly condemned. Playiiig 
 cards was nearb' as universal. Young men, almost on the 
 point of entering tne ministry, did not hesitate to join a party 
 at whist, or other games ; and, if after they had been ordained, 
 they scrupled at engaging in this amusement, they did not 
 forbid its being indulged in under their roof. The same may 
 be said of dancing. 
 
 A portion of his journal, while he was a college student, 
 illustrates what has been said touching the three last customs. 
 Under date of January 19, IVoS, he gives an account of the 
 marriage of a daughter of a pious and orthodox New Eng- 
 land clergyman in a country town. " After the ceremony was 
 past," says he, " dinner was prepared, but first I waited upon 
 the gentry with a bowl of lemon punch. * * # # About 
 the coming on of the evening, the younger sort, to the number 
 of about fifty, repaired to the western chamber, where we 
 spent the evening in singing, dancing, and wooing the widow." 
 The festivities appear to have been renewed at the clergy- 
 
1754.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 11 
 
 aincd, 
 id not 
 le may 
 
 istoms. 
 
 of the 
 
 Eng- 
 
 ny was 
 
 upon 
 
 About 
 
 umber 
 
 B^re we 
 
 idow." 
 
 clergy- 
 
 man's house the next day, when several young people assem- 
 bled. Mr. Bailey says: "Having saluled the bride, we spent 
 our time, some in daneing, the others in playing cards, fur the 
 space of two hours. * * * « y\.fter dinner, we young 
 j)eople repaired to our chamber, where we spent the d;'; in 
 plays, such as singing, dancing, wooing the widow, playing 
 cards, box, etc." 
 
 Thus much for the social habits of that day. Who can 
 deny that they have been much imj)roved in the mean time? 
 
 It is with much satisfaction that we make extracts from INIr. 
 Bailey's journals, recording the liberality of certain persons in 
 assisting him to pay his expenses when in college. Tlie Rev. 
 Mr. Jewett was the friend on whom he mainly relied for means 
 to obtain his education. Yet Mr. Jewett probably thought 
 tliat others ou^ht to share this burden with him. 
 
 " Aj/ri/ lot/t, 1752. * * We resorted to Messrs. Gushing 
 and Newman's, (in Boston,) Avherc we were led into a room 
 most curiously adorned with rich and costly furniture. ]Mr. 
 Jewett, after having entered into some discourse with these 
 gentlemen, easily persuaded them to subscribe .CS-l, C). T., 
 a-piece, for my support at college. From these gentlemen I 
 had an invitation of making free at their l.ousc for the future." 
 This bounty, however, added to wiiat other resources he might 
 have, does not seem to have been sullieient to meet his ex- 
 penses, as v.'e may infer from the following entry in his journal, 
 dated " Rovleij, Jannarij '2^th, 17o4. This day, meeting with 
 many discouragements, I had almost resolved to fix o(l' to sea, 
 but just as I had the matter in agitation, 1 had an oiler to go 
 to Bradford, whtTe, I hoped, I should find sometliii'g to divert 
 my mind." On his return, he says, ' T called in at (Rev.) Mr. 
 Chandlers, about sunset, who gave me tvv'o dollars and a pair 
 of gloves. He also lent me his Hebrew Bible." 
 
 The aid of Rev. Mr. Jewett was called in on this emergency. 
 He advised a journey to Portsmouth, N. H., and an appeal to 
 several persons in that town and its vieinity. Jacob, l)eing 
 furnished with letters of introduction, travelled to Portsmouth, 
 and the extracts from his journals, which follow, show his 
 success. 
 
12 
 
 FRONTIER >riSSIONARY ; OR, 
 
 [1754 
 
 i! 
 
 II 
 
 Hi 
 
 HJt 
 
 lill 
 
 " Porfsnioi/f/i, N. 11., Januarij ^\st, 1751. "Waited upon Col. 
 Oilman with a letter. » * # Called on my classmate, 
 John Wentworth. # « » Rev. I\Ir. Langdon came 
 home, to whom I presented my letter. He, upon receiving it, 
 spake very discouraging of my receiving any donation in the 
 town. However, he promised, the next day to use his interest 
 among the gentlemen. 
 
 " Fchruartj 1st. » * * The first place we called at 
 was Wentworth's, who welcomed me to his house, and gave 
 me liis hand. After I had been there a few minutes, his son, 
 my classmate, made his appearance, and invited me to dine 
 with him, as did his father, and Mr. Langdon being invited 
 also, I consented. At our coming away, Mr. Wentworth gave 
 Mr. Langdon c£12 for me. After this, we went to Scn'r Col. 
 Siierburne's, where we were courteously entertained, and in- 
 vited to dine wit.i him. He, at parting, gave me ^2. * * 
 About nine o'clock, having ob.ained leave of Esq. Bell, I set 
 out for New Castle with the Rsq. and three of his men, to 
 row us down. It happened to be a very cold, dark, and stormy 
 night; the rain that fell froze upon everything, but though we 
 were much fatigued, yet we ariived in about half an hour at 
 New Castle, it being about three miles from Portsmouth. On 
 our arrival, Esq. Bell sent one of his men to show me to 
 (Rev.) Mr. Chase's. When I arrived there, about ten o'clock, 
 I fonnd myself perfectly vuiknown." 
 
 Mr. Chase read the letter of recommendation from ]Mr. 
 Jewett. He " made some of his servants bring me some sup- 
 per, and very courteously entertained me all night." 
 
 " Fchniari/ 2d. After jirayers, we all breakfasted upon choc- 
 olate, etc. When we had done, Mr. Chase called me into 
 another room, and gave me j£3, Hampshire money. After- 
 wards, we litted ont for fishing, and getting into Mr. Chase's 
 boat, we, six in number, launched off, but changing my mind, 
 I was set on Kittery shore. Being come to land, I travelled 
 over the rocks uj) to (Rev.) Mr. Steveiis's. Here I found his 
 wife and he at dinner, and, upon itivitation, sat down with 
 them. After dinner, Mr. Stevens * * gave me a dollar, and a 
 recommendatory line to Sir William Pepperell. About two, I 
 
 ^ 
 
1754.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 13 
 
 set out. witli the intention of seeing York, but before I had 
 got to Sir William's plantation, an exceeding thick fog arose 
 and covered all the land, so that it was almost impossible to 
 discern the ground right under one's feet. I at length, how- 
 ever, found the knight's house, and went first into the kitchen, 
 where I waited till after ho had dined, and then sent in my 
 letter. When he had read it, he immediately sent for me, 
 upon which I was conducted into the room, where I found 
 Sir William and his lady and three gentlemen. The knight 
 ordered me to sit down, and turned m(> out a glass of wine, 
 upon which 1 drank his health. After I had been, with the 
 gentlemen present, long entertained with an account of his 
 travels in England, he sent a young scribe in his emj)loy with 
 a couple of blacks up to Portsmouth in a boat, with whom he 
 ordered me a passage. Accordingly, about three o'clock, we 
 prepared for our voyage, and being ready to set off. Sir Wil- 
 liam's lady presented me with a dollar, and he gave me twenty 
 shillings in copper, and came with us down to the water, 
 where he helped me into the boat, and charged me to come 
 and see him, if I came that way again." 
 
 " February Ath. This day I proposed to set out on my jour- 
 ney home, but after breakfast Mr. Langdon and I took a walk, 
 first to Mr. Wiberd's, the Counsellor, and then to Mr. Wiberd, 
 the Merchant, who gave me two dollars a-piece. During my 
 stay here, I was taken aside by my lady Wiberd, who bestow- 
 ed upon me a yard and a half of very fine muslin and a pair 
 of fine worsted stockings. As we were going out of Mr. 
 Wiberd's we met Mr. Jefl'erds, who gave me nine livres. 
 
 " From hence we proceeded to Col. Atkinson's, who out of 
 his generosity put me into the possession of X12, Hampshire 
 money, and treated me very handsomely. From Col. Atkin- 
 son's we directed our course to Capt. Warner's, where I had 
 an opportunity of seeing his son, who, together with his father, 
 treated me very handsomely. Being invited to dinner here, 
 we refused and retired home, where we dined ; after which, 
 Capt. Warner's son came to Mr. Langdon's, and after we had 
 sat together a little time, J took my leave of Mr. Langdon's 
 
14 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1754. 
 
 II 
 
 family. On coming out of the door, Warner camo with me 
 and gave me four dollars and a bundle of things, worth jCIO, 
 O. T. I have the greatest reason to esteem this town, for the 
 kindness I received from several of the principal inhabitants, 
 especially from IMr. Langdon and his family, who all treated 
 me with peculiar respect." 
 
 ******* 
 
 " Cambridge, February 27//t. This day received by Mr. 
 Warner, from (Rev.) Mr. Langdon, of Portsmouth, the re- 
 maining part of my bounty from those gentlemen I had lately 
 visited, consisting of one pistole, one English shilling, and 
 forty-two livres." 
 
 The following portion of Mr. Bailey's Journal, containing 
 an account of a journey which he made into Connecticvit, 
 will no doubt prove interestiiig. 
 
 > ! i 
 
 " Jidij Wi. This day having concluded to accompany 
 Wm. Brown and his sister to New London, I arose early 
 in the morning, about half after four o'clock. * * I went 
 to Stockbridge's chamber, who rose and went with me to 
 Stedman's after a horse, but not prospering, Elliot rode down 
 to Charlestown and got one of Mr. W^ood. * * Brown 
 coming' from Salem about eleven o'clock, we left Cambridge 
 a little before twelve. Before we had gotten a mile 1 perceiv- 
 ed I had left my great coat, upon which I rode back after it, 
 and took leave of several scholars. I set out again, and rode 
 directly for Bils, in Jamaica, where I found ]Mr. Brown and 
 Miss Nabby at dinner with Capt. Fry, of Andover, and several 
 others. After dinner we three sat together upon the benches 
 before the door awhile, and about two o'clock set out on our 
 journey, riding through Jamaica, a pleasant parish in the 
 upper part of Roxbury, beautified with the country seats of 
 several gentlemen. We came at length to Mr. Walter's, a 
 very pleasant seat, where gravity and elegance seemed to re- 
 side. A number of venerable trees spread their agreeable 
 shades and formed a fit habitation for the Muses. Here Wm. 
 Walter invited us in, but being on our journey w^e refused. 
 
 The next town we came to was Dedham, where Ames, the 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
1754.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 15 
 
 erceiv- 
 
 hi. 
 
 ftor it, 
 
 ■'■i 
 
 1 rode 
 
 "'? 
 
 n and 
 
 ■ V 
 
 everal 
 
 • > 
 
 nches 
 
 '.'f 
 
 m our 
 
 
 1 the 
 
 
 its of 
 
 
 r's, a 
 
 
 to re- 
 
 
 eable 
 
 
 Wm. 
 ]. 
 , the 
 
 I 
 
 4 
 
 famous astronomer lives. Just as we passed his house, an 
 accident happened. The swivel, by which the horse drew the 
 chair, came loose and fell against his heels, which set liim in a 
 terrible fright. He ran with all his might and took the chair 
 into a small gate-way, but people being near at hand, delivered 
 my young companions from impending ruin. 
 
 DEDUAM. 
 
 No remarkable place, but an old settled town. Some good 
 buildings towards the middle. It contains three parishes. 
 The roads are good, but pretty much up hill and down. After 
 we repaired our chair, we rode as far as one Dean's, where we 
 diverted ourselves with the affected gentility. Leaving Dean's, 
 we rode next through Walpole. Here we had tlic company of 
 a Bristol man who had that day come from Ipswich. 
 
 WALPOLE. 
 
 A country town, most remarkable for valleys and hills. The 
 roads, as in Dcdham. The Rev. Mr. Payson is the only min- 
 ister here. About dark, we came into Wrentham, where we 
 put up. After we had brought in all our things, we took a 
 room to ourselves, drank a bowl of beverage, and supped 
 upon lamb steaks. At supper, we had a very odd creature to 
 wait upon us. By its dress, we judged it to be of the. femi- 
 nine gender. We made some sorrowful reflections upon the 
 situation of our chums at college, but soon began to divert 
 ourselves with Madam Dean's affected gentility. Miss Nabby 
 made several pert observations. After we had considered the 
 great deliverance we had experienced in the day time, with 
 wishing each other good night, we betook ourselves to repose. 
 Miss Nabby lodged in our keeping room, Mr. Brown and I in 
 a ciiamber overhead. 
 
 Jul// 10th. This day arose in the morning. We had the 
 company of the Bristol man I had seen before on our journey for 
 several miles ; but before we set out, we breakfasted upon tea. 
 
 WRENTHAM. 
 
 A pretty, plain country town ; one or two very neat build- 
 ings; one meeting-house, and a very good road through the 
 
wrr 
 
 1 ' 
 
 I,:,. 
 
 IC) 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1754. 
 
 greatest part of it. After we had rode about an hour, we 
 came into Attlcborough, and at length passed by Parson 
 Weld's,* where we had a view of his numerous file of daugh- 
 ters, out of a chamber window they were in. We made some 
 stop, f\i'terwards, at one Parson Clark's. The people begin 
 now to appear in a sylvan roughness; the women in these 
 parts wear but little more clothing than what nature gave 
 them. The first stage we made was at Day's, where we 
 called to change our horses, but not succeeding, we departed, 
 and i)roceeded towards Providence, riding through a very 
 sandy plain. 
 
 ATTLEIJOUOUGH. 
 
 A long country town, situated at a vast distance from the 
 Eastern Ocean, the land somewhat poor and sandy, the roads 
 very good, and but one meeting-house. We came, at last, to 
 Sekonk, which is three miles in length and breadth, having 
 upon it neither tree nor stone, but an exceeding fine road, and 
 glorious riding. 
 
 REHOBOTII. 
 
 We saw nothing here but a large plain : it is the southern 
 bounds of the Massachusetts dominions. After we had 
 passed Sekonk Plains, we came over a large bridge, built 
 exceeding high from the water; the stream itself has a pro- 
 digious fall. About twelve o'clock, we came to Providence, 
 and put up at Capt. Ones, where we dined, and had a very 
 good entertainment. A very pretty young lady belonging to 
 the family, afforded us her company, and entertained us with 
 her pleasant conversation. The house is furnished in a very 
 elegant and curious manner. After we had rested ourselves 
 and horses, we proceeded and rode through the delightful 
 town of Providence, and passed the great bridge. 
 
 PROVIDENCE 
 
 Is a most beautiful place, lying on both sides of a fine river, 
 in the north-westerly part of Rhode Island government. The 
 
 *Rev. Haiujah Weld, who died in 1782, after a ministry of fifty-five years. His 
 family consisted of four sons and eleven daughters. 
 
m, 
 
 [1754. 
 
 1754.] 
 
 LIFE O V R E V. J A C O H ]J A 1 1, E Y . 
 
 17 
 
 out an hour, we 
 issed by Parson 
 us flic of daugli- 
 
 Wc made some 
 'he people begin 
 women in these 
 hat nature gave 
 Day's, where we 
 ing, we departed, 
 
 through a very 
 
 istance from the 
 sandy, tlie roads 
 came, at last, to 
 breadth, having 
 
 ng fine road, and 
 
 t is the southern 
 After we iiad 
 ge bridge, built 
 itself has a pro- 
 to Providence, 
 and had a very 
 dy belonging to 
 rtained us with 
 nished in a very 
 rested ourselves 
 the delightful 
 ffc. 
 
 s of a fine river, 
 i^ernment. The 
 
 fifty-five years. Hia 
 
 north-cast side is built with two streets of painted lionses, 
 above which lies a most delightful hill, gradually asecMKling to 
 a great distance, all cut into gardens, orchards, ])leasant fields, 
 and beautiful enclosures, which strike the eye with agreeable 
 surprise. Here is a ''ne harbor for shipping, and a well-built 
 bridge across the river. The town, on the south-west side, is 
 not les.5 ''legant than on the north-east, but contains two or 
 three streets of well-built houses. Providence is a very grow- 
 ing and nourishing place, and the finest in New England. 
 Here is one meeting-house, one church, one (Quaker antl one 
 New-Light house for divine worship. The inhabitants of the 
 place, in general, are very immoral, licentious and profane, 
 and exceeding famous for contempt of the Sabbath. (laming, 
 gunning, horse-racing and the like, are as eonunon on that day 
 as on any other. Persons of all professions countenance such 
 practices. F'-om Providence we rode over a fine plain to 
 Patuxet. 
 
 PATUXET 
 
 Is a pretty compact place, built upon a small river, over which 
 is a very good bridge. From Patuxet we rode through a long 
 desert country, in which we saw but a very few people, and 
 they almost as rough as the trees. In riding through a great 
 wood, we came, at length, to a house about the bigness of a 
 hog-sty. The hut abounded in children, who came abroad 
 to stare at us in great swarms, but were clothed only with a 
 piece of cloth about the middle, blacker than the ground on 
 which they trod. Miss Nabby began to wonder that the 
 poor creatures did not wholly abandon themselves to sorrow 
 and despair, but 1 told her, I made no doubt they enjoyed 
 themselves as much in their savage condition, as she in all her 
 elegance and plenty. 
 
 We spent some time, as we rode along, in reflecting upon 
 the unhappy circumstances of these people, and upon the 
 different genius and inclinations of the humane mind. At 
 length, being very dry, we came to another house, where we 
 lit, and coming in, found five or six women in a little room 
 without any iloor, either over head or undr/ foot. Two or 
 three of them appeared to be young. One of the young 
 3 
 
i' '-" 
 
 iiH 
 
 m 
 
 \m 
 
 I 
 
 18 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY ; OR, 
 
 [17r)4. 
 
 wenches made liasti; to draw ns some water, while another 
 made seareh for a drinking vessel, and the last gave us water 
 in an old broken mug, almost as ancient as time, of wiiich we 
 drank very sparingly. After we had rode a few miles further, 
 we came to Major Staflbrd's : his daughter came to wait upon 
 us, (after absconding for about two minutes,) barefooted and 
 barelegged, with a line patch and a silver knot on h«'r head, 
 with a snulV box in one hand, and a pinch at her nose in the 
 other. She afl'orded abiuidanee of amusement for my polite 
 companions, which stuck by us longer than anything we met 
 with in our journey. This StalVord's is in Warwick, about 
 fifty-seven miles from Boston. 
 
 WARWICK. 
 
 A poor, but old-settled town, something [)opulous, on the 
 borders of Greenwich; the inhabitants very profane and unpo- 
 lite. From Staflbrd's we proceeded to VVolcot's, just upon 
 the edge of Greenwich. 
 
 At Wolcot's, where we put uj) in the evening, we were 
 much interrxipted by the town's j)eople coming in, cursing and 
 swearing, and drinking, but at supper time we had a room by 
 ourselves, and enjoyed freedom of conversation, which turned 
 chiefly upon the afl'airs of the preceding day. Our supper 
 alForded us some amusement, it being fried chickens and cur- 
 rant sauce, sweetened with uiolasses ; but nothing so much 
 diverted us as the Major's daughter. Observation. — Those 
 people who, to appearance, live the most mean and sordid 
 lives, seem to enjoy themselves, and to take as mucli j)leasure 
 in life as those who pass away their time in the most elegant 
 and sumptuous manner. 
 
 July Wth. This day arose very early in the morning, and, 
 having fitted for our journey, we took our leave of Mr. Wol- 
 cot, and set out through Greenwich ; but before we had got a 
 mile it began to rain. 
 
 GREENWICH 
 
 Is a very populous shire town, and built compact on the north 
 side. Here is one Baptist meeting-house and a court-house, 
 
 ,1 
 
 i 
 
1754.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 19 
 
 ':4 
 
 handsomoly erected. A little to the soutliward of tip lown, is 
 a road, for about half a mile, upon a high ridge, with terrible 
 valleys on both sides. We rode through (Treeuwieh and a 
 part of North Kingston, over a prodigious rocky way, about 
 eight miles, while rain fell in impetuous showers, and made no 
 stop till we came to Thomas, the Quaker's, where we dried 
 ourselves, and breakfasted upon tea. We found here the 
 dirtiest tavern-keeper that ever was made; all the while I 
 stopped, I could scarce get a word out of him. After we had 
 sulliciently dried our things, we called for our horses, and pro- 
 ceeded on our journey to North Kingston, through a most ter- 
 rible rocky country. 
 
 NORTU KINGSTON'. 
 
 A very scattering town, exceeding stony, but very ferti'j, 
 abounding in grass and the best of pasturage. After we had 
 got to South Kingston, we came to the foot of Tower Hill; 
 the ascent to the top is very easy, though from the iirst rising 
 it is, for four miles, scarce perceivable. In many places the 
 country on each side atl'ords a most beautiful prosjjcct. The 
 ascent, within a mile of the top, grows something stee|) and 
 rough. About one o'clock we reached the top of the hill, 
 which is a large spacious plain, on which is built a handsome 
 town, the houses exceeding neat, and the gardens very el(>gant. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 SOtrTH KINGSTON. 
 
 The whole township seems to contain Tower Ilill, which is 
 the most fertile part of New England. It is in the north- 
 eastern part of the Narraganset country; the compact part of 
 the town is on the top of the hill, about ten miles from New- 
 port, the metropolis of the government. The descent from the 
 town, on the eastern side next the water, is very steep, but 
 exceeding pleasant, diversified with little fields, grass enclo- 
 sures, and artificial groves. Near the Presbyterian meeting- 
 house, which stands in the centre of the place, arc several 
 large and elegant buildings, with some of the finest gardens 
 in New England. The people here live in better position 
 than i'l most parts of the government. South Kingston is a 
 shire town, and is favored with the presence of the General 
 
i'il 
 
 m 
 
 l:i| 
 
 20 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [17;)4. 
 
 Assembly oncu in two years. Haviiij^' gaiiuHl the top of the 
 hill, we put up at Esci. Case's. lien? we were n.'eeived with 
 the utmost civility and complaisance; the Esq. came out him- 
 self and welcomed us to Tower fliil, led us into one; of his 
 best rooms, and served us out win(! with his own hands. Din- 
 ner beinf][ ready, we sat down, and had everylhini^ in the; best 
 order, with the luost genteel attendance'. We found the Escj. 
 to be a ])rodigious locpiacious gentleman. Am«)ng the rest of 
 his discourses, he told us that all the gentlemen that travelled 
 the road from South Carolina to Piscatacpia, had heard of his 
 fame, and made his house a stage, and by a few subtle hints, 
 gave us to understand that he was a .lustice of the Peace. 
 After dinner was over, we rose from the table, he clasped his 
 wife round the neck and kissed her, and going into our room, 
 he entertained us with a long relation concerning the family 
 of the Browns, and then oU'ered to wait upon us down to the 
 eastern part of the hill, to see a man that hung tiiere in gib- 
 bets, but we, excusing the matter, went ourselves to the bottom 
 of the hill, and there beheld the sorrowful sight. The man 
 had been there three years already, and his flesh was all dried 
 fast to his bones, and was as black as an African's. The 
 crimes for which he was thus exposed were robbery and mur- 
 der. He was taken in tlie southern parts of Ijong Island with 
 some indisposition, and being in a strange place, one .Fackson, 
 a leather merchant, travelling with his horse, found ]v\:\ and 
 took pity on him, and being on his way to Rhode Island, bore 
 all his expenses, and treated him with all the tenderness of a 
 father, for near one hundred and fifty miles, till he arrived at 
 South Kingston, where, being together about the dusk of the 
 evening, near the great (.Quaker meeting-house, he took up a 
 stone, and with it struck him down. Jackson begged his life, 
 and that he migiit, and welcome, take all his wealth; but he 
 cursed and then fell upon him, and in a few minutes made full 
 despatch of his innocent patron ; thus we have at once an 
 horrid instance of ingratitude. After we had looked at the 
 sorrowful spectacle a long time, we travelled up the hill with 
 some dilliculty. Being returned to Case's, we paid our reck- 
 oning, and set out. After we had rode about a mile, we came 
 
 m 1> 
 
17.V4.J 
 
 LIFE OF K I ; V . ,1 A ( • ( ) H H A I T, E Y . 
 
 21 
 
 ii) \hr. <;r('iit (iiiiilviT in('('liii«i;-lions(', \vliicli is mi odd-huill, 
 tliiii",', liiiving a kitclicn and cirnmu'y at one f^idc 'rowards 
 tli(! sDiitlicrii part of Kiii^'stoii, wr came to a hill, over wliicli 
 tlic road lay, with a sliockiiii,' icdi^'c of rofki*. With imicli 
 dillic'iilly wo passfird it, and {•oiitimiiii^' oiir jouriiry till about 
 the ilii:?k of tiic evciiiiif?, wo arrived at ('apt. Kill's, in Charles- 
 town, after a very tedious clay's journey, throni,di ahundanei! 
 of wet and heat. After we had taken in our things, we were 
 entertained all the evening with divers stories concernini,' the 
 adjacent country, by Capt. Hill's son. He jj[av(! us an insight 
 into the laws and customs of the 1,'overnnient, and told us that 
 the natives inhabited those j)arts, to the number of live or six 
 hundred, and that their king was a young man al)out eighteen 
 years of age, at school at Newport, 'i'he place where we 
 lodged is about live miles from the place where the great Nar- 
 raganset battle was fought, in which so many soldiers i-xpiretl. 
 
 ') 
 
 bottom 
 le man 
 11 dried 
 The 
 (1 mur- 
 wjth 
 Uson, 
 \ and 
 bore 
 s of a 
 ved at 
 of the 
 up a 
 life, 
 ut he 
 full 
 ce an 
 lit the 
 with 
 reek- 
 came 
 
 Jii/i/ l'2(}i. This morning, about daybreak, it rained very 
 liard. We arose with the sun, soon after which it clearetl 
 away, and looked like a pleasant day. We breakfasted upon 
 tea, and calling for onr horses, set out. After we had rode 
 about a mile and a half, we passed by the Narragansct king's 
 house, which stands in the midst of a spacious plain. It is a 
 building two stories high, with two or three rooms on a (loor, 
 but of late it is miserably fallen to ruin. We had a sight of 
 two of the king's sisters, who came to the door as we rode by. 
 We still continued our progress through the Narragansct 
 country, till we came to the borders of Westerly. 
 
 cii.vui-Hsrow.v. 
 
 Charlestown lies in the centre of the Narragansct country, 
 in the place where the great battle was fougiit, so famous in 
 our New England annals. The land here, for several miles 
 near the sea-coast, is vc^ry smooth and pleasant. Her(! are 
 some of the finest groves, fields, and grass enclosures, of any 
 in New England. We rode through Westerly, meeting divers 
 Indians, till we came to Weeden's, where we stopped till eleven. 
 The weather being very hot, our horses were much overcome. 
 
00 
 
 rnoNTiiiu missionary; on, 
 
 [1754. 
 
 I 
 
 but liaviiii,' refn'shcd Ixitli flu'iii and (Mirsrivcs, we proceeded 
 over II terrible roii^di and uneven way, till wr ciuno to u river, 
 wliirli divides Rhode Island JVt)ni Connei'tieut. 
 
 t 
 
 WKSTTMII.Y 
 
 Is tho most western town in Riiod** Tslanil, and is a miserable, 
 poor, unpopidated place, liavin<j; nolhini,' in it but wood.s, 
 mountiiins and rocks, yet near the separating river then^ arc 
 divers fifood farms. The inhabitiints seem to be, a gn>at part 
 of ilieiii, Indians. After we had passed the river over a large 
 l)ri(lge, we eam(! into Stonington, np and down whose rocky 
 hills we rode, till coming to a great tree, we sat awhile under 
 its shad(^ and refreshed ourselves, after which we proceeded 
 several miles, till at length Miss Nabby missed her eapnehin. 
 I immediately rode back, and foimd it within a mile of the 
 place where we first missed it. Afte- we had rode over some 
 of tin.' most frightl'id hills, so that Mr. Brown and his sister 
 were obliged to alight and walk on foot, and so steej) were 
 they in places, that it was hardly safe riding down upon a 
 single horse, having gone through a great deal of dilliculty, 
 we ciime to Col. Williams's. Here we made a small stop, 
 and though almost overcome with the tedioiisnesa of our jour- 
 ney, we left the tavern, and with it Stonington, about four 
 o'clock. 
 
 STOMXOTON 
 
 Is in the south-east part of Connecticut. It is bounded on 
 the north l)y Preston, on the cast by the Narraganset River, on 
 the south by the Atlantic 0(;ean, and on the west by C^roton. 
 It is so calle:!, iVom the great abundance of stones found here. 
 The roads hin-e were formerly almost impassable, but by reason 
 of their bcitig, for the most part, movable, it continually grows 
 better. The town is all under improvement, and divided into 
 stately farms. Here are four large parishes. Having got into 
 Stonington, we came into the borders of Groton, of all places 
 the most horrid and shocking. After we had rode about four 
 miles, over a prodigious continuation of rocky mountains, we 
 ascended upwards for some time, till at length we began to 
 descend, and came to a smooth place, as we thought, at the 
 
 
 4 
 
 ^ 
 
1 
 
 1754.] 
 
 LIl'K OV llliV. J AC OH 1IVIIJ;V. 
 
 23 
 
 bottom of the liill over which wo rode; hut coming' to the md, 
 we Ibiiiul hcfori" us ii most horrible precipice, ciicmiihcn'<l on 
 overy side with impctictralih' tliickets. The ro;ul we IiihI to 
 puHs was excessive steep, over one entire chain of rocks, whieh 
 descendeil HIvc a wiiitiini^ pair of stairs, liavini,' the steps at an 
 eiiorni'Mis distance from each otiier. .Mr. Hrown ami his sifter 
 got out of the cliair, and I dismoimted for their assistance. 
 Ilavinf^ fastened my horse, one took hohl of tlie chair and the 
 other of the iM>rse, aiiil witli a vast (h-al of tronl)le, iiavinj,' 
 followed the path which led to almost every point of the com- 
 pass, w(! came to the bottom in safety; but brin^'inj^ ilown 
 my horse, he had like to have broken his neck. After this, \\c. 
 rode Ijy a (^naker meetin,i,'-honse, tiien by a I'resbyterian, and 
 ;it length, al)i)nt half afti-r eii^ht o'clock, we came to the ferry, 
 and thus, after a tedious journey of four days, we arrived in 
 New London. The roads were so excessively bad, tliat we 
 were four hours and a half in riding the last eight miles. It 
 was past eleven before we had crossed the ferry and got to .Mr. 
 Winthrop's. Mr. Brown and his sister were received by the 
 whole family with all imaginai)le expressions of joy and satis- 
 faction. After supper, we betook ourselves to repo- c. 
 
 ided on 
 
 iver, on 
 
 Jroton. 
 
 id here. 
 
 reason 
 
 grows 
 
 uns, we 
 
 ^gan to 
 
 at the 
 
 ROT ON. 
 
 Groton, the last town through which we passed, is bounded 
 on the north by Norwich and Preston, on the east by Stoning- 
 ton and Preston, on the south by the Atlantic, on the wi'st by 
 the River Thames, which divides it from New London. It is 
 a prodigious mountainous place, and may justly be reckoned 
 to exceed all others on aecoum of rocks. One thing remark- 
 able here, is a bridge made of one entire stone. Here are two 
 Dissenting meeting-houses, one Church, and one C^uaker. The 
 inhabitants live very scattering, except on the river, where is a 
 street, comfortably built, ijihabited by Baileys. The people 
 ditVer exceedingly in religious sentiments. Mr. Johnson, one 
 of the ministers, records in his parish no less than fifteen dif- 
 ferent religions. 
 
 Obscrt'iUiun. — I have had an opportunity of seeing divers 
 of the natives of the country in their own proper habits, on 
 
! ^ ! 
 
 Ill' 
 
 
 '!!!! 
 
 ^^^!' 
 
 24 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [17o4. 
 
 their own land, and in the exercise of their peculiar customs; 
 and, upon the wiiole, one may justly conclude, that there is a 
 great analogy between them and the people in the first ages of 
 mankind ; those who lived in the golden age, so inuch extolled 
 by tile poets, in their dress, religion and manners, were very 
 similar to our Indian neighbors. 
 
 July VMh. This day arose, and found myself in a new 
 country. After I had dressed myself, went down and break- 
 fasted with Mr. Winthrop, his lady, and Madam Hide, to- 
 gether with our own company. Then Mr. Brown and I walked 
 out into the garden, which is very pleasant. A little to the 
 north of Mr. Winthrop's house, is a fish pond, at the upper 
 end of his orchard, from which a canal is cut, about two feet 
 wide, and near as deep, to the bottom of the garden, which 
 lies on the south side of the house, so that this delightful 
 stream falls through the orchard, house and garden ; at the 
 lower end of which, next to the south, stands a mill, which is 
 carried by this cascade. The garden itself is beautifully laid 
 out, and abounds with a variety of herbs, fruits and liowers. 
 After I had a view of all the works round the house, and had 
 some conversation with Mr. Winthrop, I concluded to pay Mr. 
 Jewett a visit. Accordingly, about eleven o'clock, I set out, 
 and after riding ten miles, over a vast number of holes and 
 rocky mountains, I came to Mr. Jewett's, where I was very 
 civilly received. Mr. Jewett's consort lay very sick of the 
 mumps, or some other strange disorder. She had this after- 
 noon two doctors, who concluded that she might recover. In 
 the afternoon, Mr. Jewett being absent, I spent a great deal of 
 time in walking in the fields, and in his garden. His house 
 stands in a very sightly place on the eastern side. We may 
 see, from the doors, near forty miles down country. Mr. 
 Jewett's family is not large. He has one son and one daugh- 
 ter, and a negro servant. After we had prepared for bed, we 
 all betook ourselves to repose. 
 
 July iAlh. This day being Sunday, I arose, and having 
 breakfasted, we prepared for meeting. At about eleven o'clock 
 we rode to the house of God, where I had an opportunity of 
 
 I 
 3! 
 
 I 
 
 
 < fl!<l 
 
 I •'' 
 
[1754. 
 
 1754.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB IJAILEY. 
 
 25 
 
 ["ustoms ; 
 here is a 
 t ages of 
 I extolled 
 ,^erc very 
 
 1 a new 
 id break- 
 lide, to- 
 I walked 
 le to the 
 le upper 
 two feet 
 II, which 
 lelia;htful 
 ; at the 
 which is 
 ■ully laid 
 
 Howers. 
 and had 
 
 pay Mr. 
 
 set out, 
 >les and 
 l^as very 
 of the 
 
 is after- 
 
 er. In 
 deal of 
 house 
 
 Vc may 
 Mr. 
 
 daugh- 
 
 )ed, we 
 
 having 
 o'clock 
 nity of 
 
 * 
 -*.? 
 
 I 
 
 hearing Mr. Jewett preach for the first time, though he had 
 often preached before in Rowley, yet I always happened to be 
 absent. After meeting, at noon, went to Esc^. Raymond's, 
 where I found Nathan Jewett, a young man that had formerly 
 be MI at Canil)ri(Ige, with Rev. Mr. David Jewett, at my cham- 
 ber. Il.'rc I met with a great deal of civility, and was invited 
 from among the company to go into another room, where I 
 sat down and refreshed myself. The people in these parts 
 never make a dinner on Sunday !)etween meetings, but liave 
 a feast at niijrlit. 
 
 Ohscri'dlion. — Tin; people in the north parish of New Lon- 
 don appear to be civil and courteous, though not so polite as 
 in Boston. They are not so showy in the meeting-house as 
 in most country parishes in Boston government. Some of the 
 yonng women wear hoops, though very much out of fashion. 
 Their clothes are commonly good, though not very elegantly 
 put on. The greatest part of the men wear caps: a wig is 
 scarce to be seen in the whole meeting-honsc. Many chil- 
 dren wear no stockings or shoes. 
 
 Jii/i/ 15///. , * * * After we had rode several miles, 
 we came to Paugwank, or North Salem, a place belonging 
 entirely to my class-mate. Brown. Here wc saw several line 
 fields of wheat and other grain. Here are thirty t(Miants to 
 near twelve thousand acres of land. When we had gotten 
 out of Paugwank, W(; rode through a thick wood in the edge 
 of East riaddam, till we came to Lyme. The first house we 
 came to was Capt. .Jewett's, the father of the young persons 
 with me. As soon as we had hung (sic) our horses, we went 
 in where the people were. When they came to know from 
 whence I came, they treated me with a great deal of courtesy 
 and kindness. The Capt. gave me an invitation to tarry at 
 his house as long as I pleased. In a few minutes dinner was 
 made ready and brought in, and set upon a long table, round 
 which the whole family gathered, both white and black. His 
 family consists of nine sons and one daughter, two maids, and 
 five to six negroes, in all, sixteen persons. After dimier 1 went 
 out with Mr. Jewett and his sons, to see them work at a little 
 distance from the house. Here 1 beheld an abundance of 
 4 
 
:.l 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 !l 
 
 i" 
 
 ij 
 
 
 , i 
 
 1 
 
 
 y 
 
 I*' 
 ■; 
 
 26 
 
 FRONTIEll missionary; OR, 
 
 [1754. 
 
 good land, cleared and well brought to, upon which grew the 
 finest grass, wheat, and Indian corn, I have seen any wiiere this 
 year, yet still I fancied it an i;npleasant place, on account of 
 its being encumbered with rocky and mountainous land, and 
 having not above two houses in sight. » * « * * 
 
 Observation. — I am greatly astonished when, upon travel- 
 ling, I find the people of this country to carry their resentments 
 against each other so high, on account of the difTering senti- 
 ments witii respect to a few unessential modes and trilling 
 circumstances in religious worship, at the same time all, of 
 every persuasion, indulge in a custom, not only notoriously 
 indecent, but the most subversive of the reverence due to the 
 Grand Object of adoration, and this is a practice they have in 
 all their assemblies of persons of both sexes meeting together, 
 by which practice tliey utterly overthrow the design for which 
 religious societies were established ; that people should maivc 
 music vocal only, or vocal and instrumental together; and 
 that they should imagine the reading of prayers, or the pro- 
 nouncing of them extempore such a serious matter of con- 
 science, and admit, universally, an evil from which so many 
 fatal practices flow, to be practised with impunity in the con- 
 gregations. 
 
 MOUEGAN. 
 
 Juhj 22(1. This town is about three miles square, lying in 
 the north-east corner of New London. It has in it two hun- 
 dred or three hundred Indians, -vvho live in almost the primitive 
 mode, and many of them cannot speak a word of English. 
 They wear a dress the most savage and barbarous that ever I 
 saw. The Rev. Mr. Jewett formerly brought them to his 
 meeting, but the separate preachers have of late drawn them 
 away. However, Mr. Jewett continues to instruct them once 
 a fortnight, in the principles of the Christian religion, at the 
 public school-house, where they have a master to teach their 
 children. # # * 
 
 As an instance of the prodigious plenty in these parts, the 
 last year, I shall mention a short story my landlord told me, 
 viz. : a man in his near neighborhood, having buried upwards 
 
 
 ■•'♦a 
 
 m 
 
 ^^ 
 
1754.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 27 
 
 1 
 
 ^'■ 
 
 of (Mighty ba.slit'ls of potatoos last fall, made proclamation in 
 the sj)riiig, that if any |)C'rson would be at the trouble of dig- 
 ging them up, lie should have them all for his reward, but 
 nobody appeared to undertake it, which is not only an instance 
 of great plenty, but also of the wealthy circumstances of the 
 people in town. 
 
 WETHi:i?SFIELD. 
 
 Jii/^ 2'SiL This paradise is seated on the western bank of 
 Connecticut River, on an extended plain, gradually rising from 
 the first range of scpiares, and reaching two or three miles each 
 way, contains a vast number of the neatest buildings in 
 America. The main street is most curiously levelled, and 
 runs from north to south, as straight as a mathematical line, 
 in the midst of which is a meeting-house of the oddest form. 
 On the eastern side, between the buildings, and among a 
 beautiful range of orchards, lay a ravishing continuation of 
 gardens. The western head forms the front of several most 
 elegant scjuares, all richly occupied with gardens and little 
 fields of onions. But it is impossible for my tongue to utter; 
 or my pen to describe the beauties of this place. In short, the 
 town, by reason of its vast variety of scpuires, cut into most 
 elegant forms, and decorated with the profusion of nature and 
 art, the neatness and beauty of its edifices, and, lastly, by 
 reason of the most delightful scenes and ravishing prospects, 
 opening themselves to view on every hand, may well be 
 thought to equal, if not to exceed, those blooming fields where 
 the first and only happy pair of humane kind confessed the 
 gentlest passion, and united in the softest embrace." 
 
 Mr. Bailey continued his journey through Hartford, Spring- 
 field and Worcester, to Cambridge, \vhere he arrived on the 
 27th day of .July. His journal is full and minute to the day 
 spoken of, but enough, perhaps, has been already extracted 
 from it. 
 
 In August of the same year, .Tacob was again in Ports- 
 mouth, and a guest of Rev. IMr. Langdon. Among others, he 
 called on Mr. Wiberd, who, at his leaving, gave him "a pair 
 of fine worsted stockings." Afterwards, calling on Mr. Haven, 
 
III 
 
 'I 
 
 illl 
 
 ! 
 ji 
 
 :ii I 
 
 : 
 
 li 
 
 28 
 
 r R O NT I E R :M I S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1754. 
 
 ho dined with him, by invitation. " lie took me into his study, 
 and presented me with a view of all his booivs, and, in the end, 
 gave me three volumes in quarto.'' 
 
 It would seem tliat greater liberty, in some respects, was 
 allowed to students in Harvard College during Mr. Bailey's 
 residence there, than would now be granted. 
 
 " Maij 1st, ]7o3. This day arrived here about three o'clock, 
 Mrs. Page, and also ^Irs. Nabby Thompson, of jMy.^iic, and 
 Mrs. Sally Clerck, of Boston, who came first to my chairiber 
 and then to Goodhue's, where we drank tea; after which we 
 went into the library, and then to my chamber, where I enter- 
 tained them with a bowl of punch. Then Goodhue, Powers 
 and I waited vipon them back to Goodhue's chamber, and 
 after drinking, conducted them to their chair, and there left 
 them." 
 
 The following is deemed worthy of being extracted: 
 
 " Neivbnrij, Aiis>-iist 11///, 17o I. This day being Sunday, we 
 were, very early in the morning, called upon to arise. Upon 
 coming down, we found a table prepared, and everything in 
 order for drinking tea. After breakfast and prayers, we made 
 ready for meeting, which began about ten o'clock. T sat this 
 forenoon in (Rev.) Mr. Parsons' pew, it being the second high- 
 est in the n)eeting-house. The next to ours was Dr. Sayres', 
 and round about 1 saw several persons of my acquaintance, 
 who came to me after meeting, and invited me to their habi- 
 tations, but being pleasantly engaged with Mr. Parsons' family, 
 I refused their kindness. At noon we drank a dish of tea 
 again, after which Jona,, Sam. and I retired into the orchard, 
 where we spent the time in too much jollity for the season. 
 In the afternoon we attended public worship. Here, as Mr. 
 Parsons was urging the use of examination, and telling the 
 people 'that some could not endure such doctrine, who, though 
 they had never told the minister of it, had hinted as much to 
 others,' u})on which a certain fellow starts up and cries, ' Sir, 
 you had better call me out by name;' at which the whole con- 
 gregation fell into laughter. After meeting, we returned to 
 JNIr. Parsons', and had a good supper in readiness, after which 
 I had some discourse with Mr. Parsons upon divers subjects. 
 
 li I! 
 
1754.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 29 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Vi 
 
 but more especially concerning those rambling preachers, tha. 
 have dispersed themselves over these parts of the country, to 
 the great disiurbance both of ministers and people. Night 
 
 [The following cut is a view of the mcpting-honse in which the incident, spoken of in 
 the preceding page, took place.] 
 
 ^'>'!>.DAItnCT.O''l. 
 
 NORTH WEST VIEW OF THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, 
 NEWnURVl'ORT, MASS., 
 IN WHICH ARE DKPOSITED THE REMAINS OF 
 
 REV. GEORGE WIIITEFIELD. 
 
 IS'CLUni.HG A UISTANT VIEW OF THE HOUSE IN WHICH HE DIED, 
 
 coming on, S. Parsons, Jonathan and I, having obtained leave 
 of his father, took a ramble through the town. We pr(>sently 
 lit Nvith N. Parker and some other young sparks, who joined 
 themselves to our club. After we had visited several streets 
 and lanes, we went into D. Bailey's, where we tarried a few 
 
30 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1755. 
 
 ill 
 
 11! I 
 
 '■■i . u 
 
 I- ( 
 
 ; 
 
 .:1 
 
 .'I 
 
 i 1 "I 
 
 :i 
 
 minutos, and in going down to the water, we had the pleasure 
 of seeing Thos. Bradbury and his cousin, Miss Betty Nolton, 
 who invited me to visit thetn the next day. Accordingly, I 
 engaged to breakfast with them the next morning, and so left 
 them, after which we returned, through several streets and 
 lanes, to Mr. Parsons'. The old sir and his lady being now 
 gone to repose, wp three went into the kitchen, as far remote 
 as possible from the intelligence, where we discoursed a long 
 time with the maid, a young Scotch girl. We at length ar- 
 rived at such a degree of extravagance, as to say whatever 
 came uppermost. About twelve or one o'clock, the old lady 
 arose and came into the room where we sat, which at first 
 gave us some alarm, but finding her design not unfavorable, 
 we contented ourselves till she retired, when we again resumed 
 our merriment, till near two o'clock, when we went to rest. 
 
 OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 Observation!. — Guilty persons seldom need any accuser 
 but their own conscience, or witnesses beside themselves to 
 declare their crimes. He must be endued with a more than 
 common share of impudence, who can hear the aggravations 
 of his guilt displayed without some evident tokens of regret 
 in his countenance. 
 
 Observation 2. — We should ever be cautio'.is of exposing 
 our weakness before servants, and persons of low stations in 
 life, especially if we have any regard to being extensively 
 useful." 
 
 Mr. Bailey was graduated at Harvard College in 1755. 
 Among his classmates were John Adams, afterwards President 
 of the United States; John Wentworth, who received the 
 honorary degree of LL. D. from the Universities of Oxford 
 and Aberdeen, and from Dartmouth College, was royal gover- 
 nor of the province of' New Hampshire and of Nova Scotia, 
 and was icreated- an 'English baronet in 1796 ; William Browne 
 and David ;Sewall, 'both' of whom became judges of the 
 supreme court of Massachusetts, and the former afterwards 
 royar'governor' of Bermuda; Tristram Dalton, U. S. Senator; 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 
[1755. 
 
 e pleasure 
 :y Nolton, 
 rdingly, I 
 nd so left 
 rects and 
 eing now 
 ar ren^iote 
 ed a loner 
 ength ar- 
 wliatever 
 
 old lady 
 li at first 
 avorable, 
 
 resumed 
 ) rest. 
 
 accuser 
 selves to 
 ore than 
 avations 
 3f regret 
 
 xposing 
 tions in 
 ensively 
 
 1755.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 31 
 
 ^ 
 
 Samuel Locke, S. T. T)., President of Harvard College in 
 1770; Rev. Wm. Willard Wheeler, Missionary of the Church 
 of England at Georgetown, Me. ; Charles Gushing, Jonathan 
 Bowman, and others. 
 
 In a letter to his parents just before his graduating, he 
 speaks in terms of warm gratitude of the interest which the 
 Rev. Mr. Jewett of Rowley had taken in him. He says: " He 
 not only instructed me for this society, (i. e. Harvard College,) 
 but has since been almost the procuring cause of all my 
 benefactions ; and now, whilst in Bos^^on, he spared no pains 
 to advance my interests. I have everything of clothing for 
 commencement, but only a pair of stockings and a gown." 
 
 In a letter to Rev. Mr. Jewett, about the same time, he ex- 
 presses the like sentiments, and from his giving Mr. J. a stat(>- 
 ment of the amount due from him to the college, it is probable 
 that he expected from that gentleman a loan of the sum 
 necessary to discharge this debt. 
 
 n 1755. 
 resident 
 .^ed the 
 Oxford 
 gover- 
 Scotia, 
 Browne 
 of the 
 rvvards 
 mator ; 
 
, l-l 
 
 32 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1755. 
 
 i I 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 "< 
 
 TirK importance wliich lias always been attached to an uni- 
 versal system of education in New England, is well known to 
 all who are familiar with her history. 
 
 From its earliest period provision has been made by law 
 that every male* child should have the opportunity of ac- 
 quiring at least the elements of learning at the public expense. 
 
 This provision, of course, has called into requisition the 
 services of many persons competent to teach. And as the 
 school districts w^ere of necessity small in area, their number 
 was far greater than that of the towns. Till of late years, 
 school teaching has not, as a general thing, been a distinct 
 profession. 
 
 The business was formerly followed mainly by college 
 students of small means, in their vacations, or by graduates, 
 who finding that a debt remained for their education, taught 
 school in order to earn t!ie money for discharging that debt. 
 
 The profession to which they looked was at the end of their 
 course as school-masters, and their continuance in this em- 
 ployment depended entirely on the length of time necessary 
 to free them from pecuniary embarrassment. 
 
 Mr. Bailey followed this course. He had tried it during his 
 second year in college, but from the short time in wliich he 
 was so occupied, it would seem that it did not prove as protit- 
 
 * It is believed that no provision was made for tlie public instruction o{ Jhnn/es till 
 in the latter half of the last century. It is stated that females were not admitted 
 into the public schools in Boston till the year 1700, and then at first only six months 
 by way of experiment. — [liarnum Field's statement at Teachers' Convention, Wor- 
 cester, Mass., 1819.] 
 
 Previous to the year 1789, boys only were taught in the public schools of Boston. 
 In the year 1789 measures were taken for "instructing both sexes." — [The Public 
 Schools of Boston, Boston Almanac, 1849, pp. 83, 84. 
 
[1755. 
 
 1755.] 
 
 I, I F E OF REV. J A C O H n A 1 1. E Y . 
 
 33 
 
 ablo as perhaps he expected. The following extracts from his 
 journal relate to this matter. 
 
 Jioir/rj/, Jan. 13t/i, 175i}. This day conelnded first upon 
 my keeping sehool. The young nien to lind wood, and the 
 young women eandles, and ])ay besides three shillings O. T., 
 per week. This school was kept, as he says, in the lirst place 
 in his sister's house, and was afterwards r(Mnoved to . 
 
 Jan. 15. The number of those who ])ut themselves under 
 my instructions is, males, seventeen; females, ten; total, 
 twenty-seven. 
 
 'J"he school soon terminated, for under date of February 9th, 
 he says, " this was the last day of my keeping school here.'' 
 
 We next find him engaged in this employment shortly after 
 completing his college course. He had left his native province 
 and was in that of New Hampshire before August of this 
 year, discharging the duties of his temporary profession. He 
 thus writes to a friend at Cambridge: 
 
 college 
 
 mg his 
 
 « Kingston, N. XL, Sept. 29th, 1755. 
 " To Mr. E. Sjmrhaich', at Cambridge : 
 
 " Dear Sir : — My lot is cast in a solitary region, where I 
 have no amusement, except reflecting on that pleasant situa- 
 tion I enjoyed a few weeks ago. I call it solitary, not so 
 much for want of company, as because I can find no agreeable 
 companions in the place where I reside. 
 
 " It is a large town, consisting of three parishes, and this 
 has no less than three hundred and sixty houses. My school 
 has belonging to it above one hundred and fifty scholars, 
 mostly young. 
 
 " My time passes away uncheckered with variety. I have 
 no scenes of novelty to amuse, nor changing appearances to 
 entertain my fancy. To-day opens the same prospect with 
 yesterday, and to-morrow I expect nothing new. 
 
 " I feel, however, the same temper towards Mother Harvard, 
 which the Israelitish Songster had tow^ards his beloved Jerusa- 
 lem, when seated beside the waters of Babylon. 
 
 " But instead of rivers or purling streams, I find nothing 
 
{ 
 
 4 
 
 '*! 
 
 34 
 
 F U O N T I i; 11 >r I S S I O N A U Y ; OH, 
 
 [1750. 
 
 except sli»<,Miiiting pools aiul disiiiiil swamps; instead ol' wil- 
 low groves, llie usual repose and retreat oi disconsolate lovers, 
 I have only ranges of shaggy lietnloek, and the gloomy shades 
 of lofty pines. As to a harp, never having used one, there re- 
 mains none, either to hang up, or to lling away. The people 
 in these |)arts have? no very musical ears, so that an un- 
 Ilarvardinium story will serve instead of a song.'' 
 
 A letter which Mr. Bailey addn>ssed to his classmate, .John 
 Adams, dated Kingston, Dee. 29th, \7')''>, brought one in re- 
 turn, of which a fac simile is Iumt given.* 
 
 The nature and amount of his lal)ors at this time may be 
 learned from an extract of a letter that he wrote, dated ,Ian. 
 4th, 17')(): — "That you may have some conception of my 
 situation, I must endeavor to accpiaint you with my constant 
 employ. From nine in the morning to the; hour of ten in the 
 evening, I am constantly in my school, except two hours, viz., 
 from twelve to one, and from live to six. And this will by no 
 means appear incredible, if you only consider the numbers 
 under my inspection. 
 
 " My constant attendants in the day are fifty, not to reckon 
 divers others, who come and go as the weather permits : in 
 the evening I have between thirty and forty, so that the whole 
 number of my scholars, at least, are eighty-live. I have three 
 gramn\arians, sixteen arithmeticians, and thirty-two writers." 
 
 Shortly after this Mr. Baihiy writes thus to a friend : 
 
 " Though whole forests of pine and hemlock cover this 
 country, and oftentimes disturb our senses with their sooty in- 
 fluence, yet all this is but a trifle, compared with the sooty 
 conversation which fills every private apartment, as well as 
 more public places of resort. Not only taverns and retailers' 
 shops are infected with the most poisonous balderdash, but 
 even the temples of the Most High are not exempted. 
 
 " The late terrible dispensations of heaven have no manner 
 
 
 
 53 
 
 7«f 
 
 3 
 
 •If 
 
 * 
 
 Pi 'vi 
 
 ill i: 
 
 * A fac simile of a letter from Jolin Adams, afterw.irds President of the United 
 States, is given opposite. This letter is thus superscribed : " To Mr. Jacob Bailey, 
 Schoolmaster, at Kingston, N. Hampshire. These." 
 
 ,1 Si 
 
■♦■ f 
 
!:■ I 
 
 i ."'I 
 
 '11. 
 
 Ill ">i:i 
 
 ill m 
 
I 
 
 o 
 
 p 
 
 m 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 '■ o 
 
 •V 
 
 m 
 
 — 
 
 5 
 
 CO 
 
 ■s 
 
 ^^ 
 
I 
 
 '™1' " 
 
 II- -.1 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 't' 
 
 !/■;: 
 
 v>^' 
 
 lU I 
 
 A»^ 
 
 .■i^^.- 
 
 < t 
 
 ■^^ 
 
 ..►^ 
 
 ;^' 
 
 HI 
 
 I ! 
 
1 
 
 
 I 
 
 ..,y 
 
 i'j 
 
 < ('■■- 
 
 1756.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB I3AILEY. 
 
 35 
 
 of effect upon them, except it be to render them more hardened 
 and vile. Drinking, Sabbath-breaking, swearing, and im- 
 modesty prevail, and what will be tiie event, God only knows. 
 * * * I must tell you that I have the satisfaction of 
 finding several blooming young creatures under my inspection, 
 something inclined to virtue and modesty, but alas, I must 
 leave these dear disciples in a few weeks, and I am afraid that 
 after all they will be ruined by bad example." 
 
 Fcbrvarn 19//<, 175G. Concluded his keei)ing school at 
 Kingston for the present. A few days after he returned to 
 his native place. While there, he mentions that one "night 
 there was a (religious) meeting at my father's." lie adds, by 
 way of observation : " Private meetings tend greatly to keep 
 up the life and spirit of religion in the world, if managed with 
 prudence and discretion." 
 
 '.Ir. Bailey returned to Kingston and opened a prirctfc school 
 on the 1st of the following March, which, owing to some cause 
 unexplained by him, terminated in about two weeks. 
 
 He then made a visit to Cambridge, and says, that nn the 
 19th March " he saw the story of C^ueen Esther and Ilamaa 
 acted in the college chapel." 
 
 A second attempt to establish a private school in his native 
 town, seems to have proved equally unsuccessful, for he re- 
 cords that about April 14 he " set up a small private school in 
 Rowley," and about a month afterwards that he was "out of 
 all employ." 
 
 On a journey which Mr. Bailey made to Boston shortly 
 after this, he says, " it was our fortune to fall in with Sir Wil- 
 liam Pcpperell, a familiar gentleman, with whom we had no 
 inconsiderable diversion, till we arrived at Ipswich, at which 
 place we parted." 
 
 " On the 16th of June," as his journal states, " there was a 
 general muster through the province, none being excused upon 
 any occasion from makiijg their appearance in the liekl." 
 
 On the 21st of the same month Mr. Bailey went to Hamp- 
 ton, N. II., in accordance with previous arrangements to take 
 charge of the public school in that place. He says : " About 
 
irn^ 
 
 I. I. 
 
 m\ ': 
 
 ■Pii 
 
 
 
 ill 
 
 lllll- 
 
 36 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1757. 
 
 the dusk of the evening, I was visited soon after my arrival 
 by Dominie Weeks and the selectmen, with whom I had a 
 wearisome conference. 
 
 " June 22d. This day iirst entered into my school. I found 
 a vast dilTerence between my scholars here and those I had at 
 Kingston. Afierwards lie writes: " My situation at Hampton 
 is i)(!rfectly agreeable. I enjoy all the satisfaction and delight 
 a person can receive from objects of sense. My lodgings are 
 contiguous to the great road, and surrounded with a variety of 
 entertaining prospects. I am favored with the conversation of 
 scholars, men of sense and lea, ng, and when the gentle 
 shadows of evening approacli, a' company of easy, ingenuous 
 young ladies afford us tlieir pleasing society to walk abroad 
 into the streets or neigiiboring fields to view the beauties of 
 nature." 
 
 " Ju//j 2d. This day begin to train my scholars in military 
 exercises, 1 propose to set apart every Friday afternoon for 
 spelling, and to appoint the boy who remains uppermost after 
 the last word in the appropriated portion, captain, and the 
 other oHicers successively in order." 
 
 Some evidence of the estimation in which Mr. Bailey's ser- 
 vices as a teacher were held by the people among whom he 
 now was, will appear in the fact, that when he had been with 
 them about four months, and was solicited to remove to a 
 neighboring town, the citizens of Hampton increased his yearly 
 pay £80, O. T. 
 
 The following was evidently intended for publication. 
 Whether or not it ever appeared in print, is not known. It is, 
 however, thought worthy of a j)lace here, for its statement of 
 certain j)ractices prevailing when it was written, and also for 
 the singular theory of the writer as to their cause. 
 
 "Hampton, Jan. 10th, 1757. 
 
 " Tu Mr. Fuwlc, Publisher of the Neiv Hampshire Gazette : 
 
 ' Discite non tcmncre divos.' — Virgil. 
 
 " It is enough to fill a considerate mind with the deepest 
 horror, to see with what irreverence and inattention many peo- 
 
1758.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 37 
 
 pie attend sacred worship; they seem to rush into the Divine 
 presence with tiie same lightness and airy appearance they 
 carry to shows and places of diversion ; even in their addresses 
 to the Supreme Majesty of Heaven, when their minds ought 
 to be filled with the j)rofoundest solemnity and the most awful 
 conceptions, how often do tlieir eyes rove unguarded, and 
 wander from one gay object to another, till their hearts become 
 lost to all serious impressions, till some pleasing amusement 
 steals upon the fancy, and warndy engages all their devotion. 
 "I shall add no more at present, but refer this question to 
 the judgment of sober-thinking men, whether these disorders 
 do not, in a great measure, proceed from both sexes being 
 permitted to mingle in our public assemblies promiscuously?" 
 
 In April, 17-j8, Mr. Bailey's labors, as a teacher at IIam|)ton, 
 were concluded. The following is jL^ntered in his journal at 
 that time : 
 
 " April Isf, 17")><. This being the day I had appointed for 
 any of my scholars who had an incliiuition to pay me a visit, 
 I had my study almost full from nine o'clock to sunset, during 
 which season I was inspired with many tender sensations. 
 The little creatures who had been so long under my instruction, 
 were exceedingly moved at parting, and the tokens of sorrow 
 which they exhibited, had almost the same ellect upon me. 
 
 Ohseri'utioii, — Nothing gives a person, I believe, a more 
 sensible feeling, than a separation from those who have, upon 
 every occasion, alVorded him their kind instructions." 
 
 In speaking of a female aecjuaintance, whose disregard to 
 sacred things, and even violent op[)osition and seolling, had 
 been succeeded by a lov(! and reverence; of her Maker, an 
 interest in the spiritual state of others, and an " aversion to 
 all kinds of immodesty and immoderation," then too common, 
 Mr. Bailey observes: "I had an opportunity, of late, to take 
 notice of the Divine power in inllueneing the hearts of several, 
 in a truly wonderful and surprising manner, which plainly 
 shows, that no human consideration can avail against the 
 eflicaeious operations of Heaven." 
 
 What were the motives which induced him to leave Ilamp- 
 
WT^ 
 
 I ''1 
 
 !1 ' 
 
 '( :'; 
 
 i : 
 
 ■'i li 
 
 :'ir, 
 
 ■ i 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 li 
 
 ,,Uii 
 
 38 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1758. 
 
 ton, wlioro, he says, ho spoilt nearly two years very pleasantly, 
 he has not stated. 
 
 Nor are there any means of knowing how he obtained a 
 sehool in (lloneester, Mass., to whieli place he now removed, 
 after a space of two months, in which he was unemployed. 
 His first impressions may be learned from the following entry 
 in his journal : 
 
 " Apri/ 10///, 17o>^. This day being INIonday, first opened 
 my school, but found everything vastly ditTerent from what I 
 had befon; been accustom(\d to in those regions of rusticity 
 when; 1 had formerly placed my abode. The scholars, I ob- 
 served, began to use every method to impose upon me, and I 
 presently found myself in a very unhappy situation, on account 
 of my perfect ignoranci', both of their characters and the man- 
 ner of mstruction they had been used to iinder former mas- 
 ters." 
 
 After having been in Gloucester nearly two months, INIr. 
 Bailey undertook a journey to Portsmouth, and lodged with 
 Col. Weeks, in Hampton. The next day he went on to the 
 place of his destination. * « * " It being Sunday, we 
 should have found it something dilllcult to travel, had not the 
 smallpox been in Hampton, so as to prevent the use of their 
 meeting-house. * * We reached Portsmouth just as the 
 bells were ringing for one (o'clock), and came to Col. Warner'^, 
 where we met with exceeding handsome treatment. In the 
 afternoon I went to church, but was so overcome with the 
 extrem(! heat, the fatigues of the journey, and the want of 
 rest, that I should have certainly fallen asleep, had not novelty 
 kept me awake. At evening I returned to the Colonel's, and 
 spent some time in conversation with Mrs. Warner, on the 
 ceremonies of the church.'' 
 
 The next day, he adds: "I went to the printer's, where I 
 engaged !iim to |)rint a little book for children." 
 
 On the fourth of the same month we find him at Exeter, 
 N. H,, at the house of Ri'v. Mr. Odlin, where the association 
 of (Congregational) ministers were assembled. " Here," says 
 he, " I found Mr. Merrill, Mr. Parker, Pike, and others, who 
 came with an expectation of hearing my approbation dis- 
 
[1758. 
 
 1758.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 139 
 
 asantly, 
 
 aincd a 
 ['inovetl, 
 fi ployed, 
 ig entry 
 
 opened 
 1 what I 
 rusticity 
 rs, I ob- 
 le, and I 
 aepount 
 he man- 
 lev mas- 
 
 iths, Mr. 
 »ed with 
 tn to the 
 day, wo 
 not the 
 of their 
 it as the 
 Varner'.^, 
 
 In the 
 xhh the 
 want of 
 novelty 
 el's, and 
 
 on the 
 
 where I 
 
 Exeter, 
 ociation 
 
 ^," says 
 'r3, who 
 ion dis- 
 
 course. However, it was with tlje greatest difliculty I was 
 prevailed upon to overcome iriy bashful luuuor so far as to 
 read my discourse. When I had raiished, I had the satisfac- 
 tion to find it well received, and accordingly, after dinner, they 
 gave me an a|>probation to preach the Gospel. O, that I may 
 be improved as a blessing to mankind, and be an instrument 
 of advancing the Redeemer's kingdom I" 
 
 The subject of this Memoir was now a regular clergyman, 
 according to the rules of the predominant denomination. His 
 labors in school teaching, during the three years since he left 
 college, were arduous (as we have seen) and almost uninter- 
 mitted. Under these circumstances, how he could have the 
 opportunity of ac(juiring any large amount of theological 
 knowledge, it were dillicult to tell. Yet, those "having au- 
 thority," in his and their view, gave him ollicial permission, 
 publicly, to teach and j)reach in the congregation. They must 
 also have been satisfied of his personal piety, else they would 
 hardly haVe consented to his occupyinjr a position in which he 
 would not only be regarded as a guide, but as an example to 
 others. 
 
 '■'■ July l^dlk. Commencement day at Harvard College. * * 
 About four o'clock in the afternoon meeting began, when I 
 had to ascend the rostrum a second time, and to dispute from 
 this (luestion: Imperium sive hominibus prorsus neeessarium 
 sit?" 
 
 In the course of a few days, Mr. Bailey again visited Ports- 
 mouth. " When I arrived, about sunset, I called upon Mr. 
 Fowle, where I found the little book printed, which I had pre- 
 pared for children, after which I |)ut up at Col. Warner's, and 
 was very courteously received by him and his lady.'' On leav- 
 ing this hospitable family, he received "seven louis from the 
 Colonel, and to the value of as many pounds from his lady, to 
 his own use." 
 
 The journeys of which we have spoken above, did not, it 
 would seen), interrupt Mr. Bailey's school at Gloucester, which 
 was kept for him by a friend in his absence. 
 
 It certainly appears strange to our present ideas of ministe- 
 rial conduct, to read an entry in which he records that, being 
 
!! 
 
 frrf'f'i 
 
 V: 
 
 I ' I 
 
 >lli!i 
 
 
 ii! 
 
 I; \ 
 
 l'.; 'Ill; 
 
 40 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1758. 
 
 in company on an evening in August of this year, he "played 
 several games of cards."' 
 
 On another journey, made to New Hampshire, he stopped 
 at Col. Weeks's, in Hampton, on the 13th of August. He 
 says, in his journal of that date: "Mr. Braekett called at the 
 gate, where I waited upon him, and had an invitation to Ports- 
 mouth, which he imagined njight be greatly for my advantage, 
 as there was a mission vacant for a minister of the Church of 
 England. I'his proposal wonderfully ])lcased both me and 
 Mr. Weeks." 
 
 The next day found INIr. Bailey in Portsmouth, at the house 
 of his benefactor. Col. Warner. Dr. Braekett interested him- 
 self in the matter about which he had spoken to Mr. Bailey in 
 Hampton. But it would seem that, at present, inquiries only 
 could be made, the result of which the Dr. promised to write 
 to Mr. Bailey, after the return of the latter to Gloucester. 
 
 Mr. Bailey did not fail, however, to call on Col. Weeks, in 
 Hampton, on his homeward journey — when he says: " I re- 
 lieved their impatience to hear of my success at Portsmouth." 
 He also called on a classmate of his, in Salisbury, and " ac- 
 quainted him with" his "designs of visiting England." 
 
 On the evening of the same day, being in Rowley, he says : 
 " I visited my parents, where I found my Aunt Bailey, who 
 all cried out upon me when I discovered my resolutions of 
 visiting London for orders ; and after all, I found it extremely 
 difficult, with all the arguments I could use, to gain them over 
 to any favorable sentiments concerning the Church of Eng- 
 land." 
 
 Mr. Bailey, on the next day, resumed his occupation of 
 teaching in Gloucester. 
 
 " October 2i.st. This day, at evening, visited Capt. Gibbs, 
 and acquainted him with my business at Portsmouth, who 
 seemed much pleased at the prospect, and assured me that he 
 should see Mr. Brown shortly, himself, in Boston, when he 
 would use his interest in my behalf." 
 
 Under date of the 31st of the same month, Mr. Bailey writes 
 to Dr. Braekett, at Portsmouth, N. H., who, it will be recol- 
 lected, made the suggestion to him, that it might be for his 
 
 ^ 
 
[1758. 
 " played 
 
 stopped 
 ist. He 
 •d at tlie 
 to Ports- 
 vantago, 
 hurch of 
 
 me and 
 
 le liouse 
 ted lilm- 
 t^ailey in 
 •ies only 
 to write 
 iter. 
 
 /eeks, in 
 i : " I re- 
 imouth." 
 nd " ae- 
 1." 
 
 he says : 
 ey, who 
 itions of 
 >ctrenriely 
 em over 
 of Eng- 
 
 ation of 
 
 . Gibbs, 
 
 th, who 
 
 that he 
 
 vhen he 
 
 y writes 
 )e rccol- 
 ! for his 
 
 1759.] 
 
 LIl'E OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 41 
 
 interest to visit the latter place. INIr. liailey refers to the above 
 conversation with Capt. (iii)hH, and says, that wliile he engaged 
 to use his interest with Mr. Brown, he " imagines it proper, in 
 the mean time, to have it mentioned to some gentlemen in 
 Portsmouth."' 
 
 In a letti'r addressed to a friend, and dated (Jloueester, Feb- 
 ruary iiGth, 1759, he says : " 1 was at Hampton the fi'st of this 
 month;" and afterwards, in the same letter: "They have al- 
 most made a Presbyterian preiu^her of me sinc(; I saw you." 
 
 It is ditlieult to tell to what this statement refers. Mr. 
 Bailey had, for some months, been made, i. e., " ap[)rol)ated" 
 as a preacher, by a Congregational association. Does the 
 above refer merely To a change of relations from that denomi- 
 nation to the Presbyterian, or a veguhir ordination as a Con- 
 gregational minister? And had this anything to do to jirevent 
 JMr. Bailey's intention of entering the Church of l^iMgiand? 
 We have no means of answering these (piestions. 
 
 An extract on page 10, has shown that the general ideas of 
 what was pro|ier in ministerial practice were not t)frentlcd by 
 clergymen wlio engaged in playing cards, and th(> sui)joined 
 extract will show that tin; public were equally tolerant with 
 reference to their engaging in another amusement, as much 
 objectionable to our modern notions of propriety. 
 
 " lioi'ict/, May 30///, 1759. Towards evening, the actors 
 eame together at Mrs. Woodman's, when we attempted to 
 perform the j)lay of the Sca[)in. The actors were : — 
 
 OctariuH, 
 Ja'((ii(Ici; . 
 Gripe, . 
 Thrifty* 
 Scapiii, . 
 
 S/ii/t, . 
 
 Clara, 
 Lucia, 
 
 J. liAii,i;v. 
 
 WOMKN', 
 
 Poi.i.Y r. 
 
 AMi;r,i.v. 
 
 * The gentleman wlio s\istaincil tliis cliur.icter became a clergyman afterwards, if, 
 indeed, he was not one at this liuie, 
 
 6 
 
w^^ 
 
 42 
 
 r R ON T I E R :M I S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1759. 
 
 •' After taking a dish of tea, we all together walked down 
 to the meeting-house, and there diverted ourdelves till dusk, 
 then returning, we had an agreeable dance. 
 
 " ILun])ton, June 'Sd. At eight o'clock I went down to 
 (R(>v.) Mr. Cotton's, and took breakfast, uruler the most j)ain- 
 ful anxiety. After which, I resorted to the great chamber and 
 ))ernsed my sermons, viewing, at the same time, with a pensive 
 diihiess, those surrounding scenes of beavity I had formerly, 
 with so rnucli pleasure, wandered throngii ; a glorious sun had 
 brightened all the fields, and painted the grass with golden 
 splendors. 
 
 " Wlien the bell rung, and we entered t!)(; meeting-liouse, I 
 ascended the pulpit with the utmost agitation of spirit, but 
 was enal)led to go through the exercise with greater freedom 
 than I expected. At noon, I had some compliments jvassed 
 upon me, which were a little disagreeable. In the afternoon, 
 preached from this text : ' And thou Solomon, my son,' etc. 
 I had the satisfaction of having the utmost attention given, 
 the whole congregation appeared serious, and when I came to 
 address those dear young creatures, who had formerly been 
 under my instruction, the concern which became visible in 
 their countenances, all'ected me almost beyond measure. After 
 meeting, I perceived that my discourses and performances had 
 been greatly to the acceptance of Mr. Cotton. When family 
 ]>rayers were over, I walked up to Col. Weeks's. Here I re- 
 ceived a great many compliments on account of my perform- 
 ances. C^ood heavens, preserve me from the mighty swellings 
 of pride '. " 
 
 Being in Cambridge on the 19th of July, Mr. Bailey was 
 invited to preach three Sundays in Plymouth, Mass., which 
 invitation he accepted. On the 21st, he began his journey 
 from tJloucester, and reached Plymouth on the evening of the 
 2'2ii. " The famous Deacon Foster soon paid us a visit, but 
 was, 1 perceived, under some apprehensions lest I should be a 
 North Shore man, an appellation for Arminians." Mr. Bailey 
 preached both parts of the next day in Plymouth, and left 
 early the following morning for Gloucester. 
 
 The following Sunday Mr. Bailey was again in the former 
 
1759.] 
 
 L I r E O r R E V . JACOB n A I L 1", Y . 
 
 43 
 
 is^elliiigs 
 
 former 
 
 town, and preached all day. " Abi nt six o'elock," he says in his 
 jonrniil, " I returned to my lodgings, and repairing to my eham- 
 Imt, endeavored to study, but Wiis prevented, by a jirodigious 
 tumult in the street. I looked out of my window, whieii faeetl 
 the great street, from wliene*', to my great sur|)rise, I l)ehcid a 
 vast /lumber of boys and girts diverting themselves in the most 
 noisy manner. At length they entered a ruinous building on 
 the opposite side of the way, and spent the renminder of the 
 day and part of the evening, in playing hide-and-go-seek. 'I'liis 
 is the more remarkable, as the Plymouth people havir always 
 been most zealous jiretetiders to religion, and still are the 
 greatest sticklers in the country for orthodoxy." 
 
 Mr. Bailey fulfilled his agreement by preaching the third 
 Sunday in Plymouth. Mr. Hailey also preach( d in " ( Homes- 
 ter Old Town," March t2oth of this year, and at Cape Ann 
 Harbor the 19th of the following August, as appears l)y en- 
 dorsements on a MS. sermon of his, still in existence. 
 
 The following letter needs no remark : 
 
 " GLorcF,STKi{, Sept. 24th, J7;j9. 
 " To Rev. Mr. Caner, in Boston : 
 
 '• Rev. Sir : — I take this opportunity to return you my grate- 
 ful acknowledgments for the favor you have done me in lend- 
 ing me ' Potter upon Church Government.' I have carefully 
 perused it vrith Ijonnet's Abridgment, and find all the objec- 
 tions against Episcopal ordination and conformity to the 
 Church of England, answered entirely to my satisfaction. I 
 would still entreat your advice, and should highly esteem the 
 favor of receiving from you any furtlu^r directions." 
 
 In a letter of the same date, addressed to Dr. Silvester Gar- 
 diner, at Boston, Mr. Bailey thanks him for the loan of his 
 books, which had proved very satisfactory in determining his 
 future course. 
 
 " You will have an opportunity," the letter proceeds to say, 
 "of conversing with Capt. Gibbs, whose generous notice first 
 recommended me to gentlemen of your persuasion. And if 
 you think proper to encourage iny proceedings, I shall imme- 
 diately endeavor after proper testimonials." 
 
 '■I 
 
f]WV '" 
 
 .r; 
 
 j . 
 .,1 . 
 
 ii'': 
 
 't "'\ 
 
 ^ 
 
 it- : ' 
 
 ., .Hi 
 
 mM 
 
 m 
 iitiii 
 
 
 I 
 
 44 
 
 r n o N T 1 1: ii ai i s s i n n a h y ; on, 
 
 [175!). 
 
 Mr. Biiilcy rLMiiiiliifd in (ilmiccslcr lill the J'Jfli of Di'ccm- 
 bcr, to which dale he probably kept school in that |)lace.* 
 
 A convonicnt opportunity is allordcd, in this stage of his 
 history, to iiiako sonic (observations on his character and acts 
 \\\i to this time. 
 
 His early associations and strnf^^gU's have been pretty fully 
 spoken of, principally in his own language. 
 
 Social distinctions were nincli more stronijlv marked a cen- 
 tnry since in New England than now. Even down to the 
 Revolution, (as the writer is informed, by good authority,) the 
 names of the mcnd)ers in the classes in the catalogue of Har- 
 vard College wert' arranged according to the social rank of the 
 ]Kirents or guardians of the students. 
 
 Mr. IJailey'ri name stands last in the class of IToO. Ills 
 father was a farmer, a calling now ctuisidered as respectable 
 as most occupations, but tlu-n placed below many others, 
 Avhich at the presejit time do not, of necessity, confer any 
 marks of distinction. 
 
 But when Mr. llailey bi'came a college student, he was at 
 once; admitted To the society of those who would not have 
 iioti(red him as "a tiller of the soil.'" 
 
 Thus we have seen him, in his sophomnre year, the guest 
 of the revcrejid clergy and of lawyers of distinction; noticed, 
 on more than on(^ oc asion, by Sir William I'epperell, and 
 invited to visit that baronet; and dining with the father of his 
 classmate, John Wentworth, the father then holding the ollice 
 of Royal Governor of New Hampshire, which was afterwards 
 conferred iijjon the son, who gradi;at«'d in the same class with 
 the subject of our sketch. 
 
 Mr. Bailey <leserves the credit of so discharging his duties 
 during the four years that he taught in ditlerent places, that 
 the thoughts of his faithfulness must have been a satisfaction 
 to him during the whole of his after life. Those of liis jour- 
 nals and letter-books that reiiiain, atlbrd abundant evidence of 
 his interest, not only in the intellectual progress of his scholars, 
 
 *In a lottor, written nianj- years iif'trrwards, he says that he "kept the Grammar 
 School at Cape Ann Harbor for about two years." 
 
1751).] 
 
 LTFE or nrv. jacoh hailey. 
 
 \r) 
 
 guost 
 
 duties 
 's, that 
 ^faction 
 
 i 
 
 but also ill tlu'ir uiaunors and morals. To road thorn, one 
 would suppose that ho was oiii,'agod in a l)usinoss to which he 
 had dovotod his life, and the lahors in which wore rewarded 
 with ahuiidance of honor and profit. 
 
 jNInny letters to his leniale scholars are preserved. 'J'he 
 mere fact that the master would write to his |)upils, must th<Mi 
 have l)een considered as a remarkable condescension. Those 
 letters are not mere didactic compositions, excellent in them- 
 selves, but from their form not likely to be interesting to youth, 
 but they show a wonderful degree of ingeimily, in their add/)- 
 ialion to those to whom they were addressed. Some of them 
 contain stories of considerable length, whose object is to show 
 the misery in which wickedness results, and es|)ecially soiue 
 forms of wickedness j)eculiar to the time, and but lightly re- 
 garded. A publication of these writings would do honor to 
 the head and heart of their author. 
 
 The schoolmaster also tried to rcGne the minds of his female 
 scholars, by lending tiiem such books as he thought conducive 
 to that end. And from the mention he makes of his reading 
 to them the works of suitable writers, it is fair to infer that his 
 conversation with them was frecpiently of a higher character 
 than that which at that time often marked the intercourse of 
 parties in similar relations. 
 
 It is not intended here to speak in detail of the religious 
 character of that portion of the last century, which is now 
 under notice. But it is confidently believed that the piety of 
 I\Ir. Bailey was as deep and gemiine as that of most other 
 church members and ministers of the time. That a religious 
 man, and more than all, a minister, should in these, our days, 
 play cards, engage in private theatricals, drink wine and punch, 
 and occasionally dance, would destroy his inlluence, and sub- 
 ject him to discipline. But the very fact that these things 
 were then done u'ilhout any conccalmenl, and with no apparent 
 consciousness of their impropriety, shows, in the absence of 
 all other proof, that public opinion on these matters, was dif- 
 ferent then. And we have other evidence to satisfy us that 
 this view is correct. At this time it must be remembered that 
 Mr. Bailey preached for Orthodox ministers and congrega- 
 
m'l'^ ' 
 
 4G 
 
 r no NT I i;r miss ion a hy 
 
 OK, 
 
 [17.)!). 
 
 II ! 
 
 m 
 
 1 
 
 !?' ; '1^ 
 
 lions, iiiid 111) cxccpfiou was liikeii to priictict's wliicli must 
 have been known. 
 
 The I'lyinoutli dcaron " wiis under sonio fipprdiiMisions, 
 lest Mr. Hailcy should be a North Shore nian, an apix'llation 
 for Arininians;" hut the time had not then arrived Cor incpiir- 
 iniif the minister's views on Total Abstinence; beinit,' satislied 
 wiiether \^^'. knew how many ejirds there were in a j)aek, or 
 knowing' whether he had ever worn the soek or bnskin. Theso 
 were evidently trivial thin<^s in the eyes of that ^'eneration. 
 That the latter part of the T^ord's day should be de.scerated by 
 the noise; and sports of children in the public, street, and near 
 Forefathers' Rock, "frightened not the town from its pro- 
 priety." C'lmreh members iuul ollieers were too nuieh intent 
 on metaphysicid (piestions, to concern themselves much with 
 the works by which, as the Scriptiu'cs assure us, a true faith 
 may be discerned. 
 
 Mr. liailey was on(! of the many who have left the ministry 
 of the ditU.'rent denominations, and entered that of the I'ipis- 
 copal Church. It would be interesting to know his motives. 
 Unfortunately, however, the series of his journals and li'tter- 
 books at this time is broken. Could these missing documents 
 be recovered, uuu;h liiihl miijht be shed on this change. We 
 learn, from those that remain, that it was not till nearly three 
 years after he had graduatetl, that he ever attended the services 
 of the (y'hurch of I'Jigland,* for he sjieaks of the "novelty'' of 
 what he witnessed in the church at Portsmouth, X. II., and 
 that this novelty prevented his falling asleep from the com- 
 bined eflects of the heat, fatigue, and want of rest. His con- 
 versations with Mr. Warner and Dr. Erackett, of that i)lace, 
 doubtless had some ell'ect. He had interviews with the 
 Rev. Arthur Brown, Rector of tiueei''s Cn , I. l<'roin 
 what we can learn, however, the i" ' and «'\i'rtions of 
 
 Capt. or Esq. Gibbs, of Gloucest( re most ell icious in 
 
 determining Mr. Bailey to change religiMis reliuions. In 
 
 several parts of his journal this gentlein; a is spoken of iu 
 
 4 
 
 * The corner stone of Clirist Church, Cambridge, Mass., was not laid till 1700, five 
 years after Mr. Bailey graduated at Harvard College. 
 
 |:ii 
 
n 
 
 ;n.)!). 
 
 1 must 
 
 iisioiis, 
 'llatioti 
 
 in(|iiir- 
 atislicd 
 mcli, or 
 
 Tlu'sc 
 (•ration, 
 atod by 
 k1 nriir 
 its pri)- 
 1 intent 
 ell with 
 u' I'ivitli 
 
 ninlstry 
 111 Epis- 
 riiotivi'S. 
 1 Irttcr- 
 nincnts 
 •. We 
 iy threi! 
 scrvioos 
 Hy" of 
 I., and 
 (> coni- 
 irf con- 
 plact", 
 th ihc 
 l-'roin 
 ion.s of 
 ions ill 
 lis. In 
 n of ill 
 
 i 
 
 1750.] 
 
 i.iiK or 11 KV. J A con ii.vii.r.Y. 
 
 47 
 
 terms of warm approbation. AFr. "Bailey records liis first 
 meetini,' witli liim in tin- followini; words : 
 
 ".l///'/7 •JO///, 17.')^. This evenini,' had an interview with 
 ]']s<\. (lihhs,' who l)ehavi'd towards me with a (Iei,'ree of coin- 
 plaisance 1 had alwav!^ Ix'i'U nnaccnstomed to, ihon^di, 1 mnst 
 aeknowled^'e, 1 have had my share even of extraorilinary ca- 
 resses from several persons, who have been in exalted stations. 
 ] was pleased with this geiith-man's aversion to rnstie.ity and 
 profaneness." 
 
 iMr. Hailey's letter to llev. Mr. C'aiier, then Keetor of Kini,''s 
 Chapel, in iioston, has been <,'iveii in full, and also extracts 
 from his letter to Dr. Silvester ( iardiner, at that time senior 
 warden of tin; same I'limcii. ]J«)th these gentli'iiien loaned 
 books to the subject of this .Alemoir, and iuult)nbte(lly luid 
 conversations with him on the subject of the Church. JJeyond 
 what has been mentioned, the materials for knowing the pro- 
 gress antl means of the change in his religious opinions, do 
 iiot now exist. Bwi it is the candid Ijclief 6( \\\v writer, that 
 Mr. IJaihy was (pialified to discharge the duties of a minister 
 to any Orthodox congregation over which he might be called 
 to settle. 
 
 * The wiitcr af this Memoir lias been able to obtain but scanty information rcspcct- 
 inf; till' ccciitlcniim spoken of. The Ibllowinff was luilitely coninaiuicated bj' John J 
 Hab>i"ii, Ks(|., in a letter, dated (jli)Uecster, May lOth, IS.jl : 
 
 "I can only, at the present momi-nt, say a word of Mr. (iibbs. Of him all my 
 knowledge may be expressed in a very few words. lie first a[)peiirs in Gloucester on 
 the oeeasion of his rnarriaf^e, Noven.bor .'JO, 17-7, to Mary, dau|.;liter of Thomas San- 
 ders, ;i shipwri,L;lit, who lived an obscure life here, but whose descendants, for three or 
 four iiencnitions, emerged int J considerable notice. * * » ♦ » 
 
 " Mr. (jibbs was a merchant in good standing, taking little part, I suppose, in town 
 ail'airs, as I do not find his name often mentioned in connection with any public busi- 
 ness. 
 
 " Xo cluldiTn are recorded to him, and, I think, there is no doubt that his marriage 
 Was unproductive of issue. 
 
 " Mr. (iibbs is one of the few whose death is given by our Town Clerk, in office at 
 his dicease : — ' Daniel Gibbs, Esq., died March 21st, 17^12, in the Gist yoarof his age.' 
 •Mrs. Mary Gibbs, wife of Daniel Gibbs, Ksq., died ,>anuary 17lh, IJOi), in the GOth 
 year of her age.' " 
 
 1 1761, five 
 
 .0 
 
li,.;! ,i'i 
 
 'm 
 
 i ' 
 
 ' ■ ' i!-i 
 
 !. ki 
 
 
 I "l 
 
 )!-. :'^':i:i 
 
 li-:^J'i 
 
 i!|i 
 
 48 
 
 FRONTIEll missionary; OR, 
 
 [1759. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 jMr. Eailkv left. Gloucester, for Boston, on the 13lli December, 
 17oi). As he walked the whole distance, he was obliged to 
 stop one night on the road. He lodged at Norwood's tavern, 
 in Lynn. Speaking of the company which he found there, 
 he says : " We had among us a soldier belonging to Capt. 
 Hazen's company of rangers, who declared that several French- 
 men were barbarously murdered by them, after quarters were 
 given, and the villain added, I suppose to show his import- 
 ance, that he 's|)lit the head of one asunder, aft(>r he fell on 
 his knees to implore mercy.' A specimen of New England 
 clemency! 
 
 " December lAlh. This morning we t.rose with the dawning 
 light, and travelled on towards Boston. The wind blew from 
 the N. W., and the weather was excessive cold. I presently 
 found myself unable to proceed on my journey, which Mr. D. 
 observing, he was so kind as to let me ride to the ferry, while 
 lie travelled on foot. 
 
 " The sun had been risen about an hour when we arrived at 
 Winnisimmet, but it was almost ten before we made Boston. 
 * * * I then proceeded to Dr. (Silvester) Gardiner's, but, 
 to my soirow, found him very sick, and in such a situation 
 that he could not be spoken with. This put me under a great 
 disadvantage, as the ship, I was informed, would infallibly sail 
 within . few days. I perceived, however, that the Dr. took 
 notice of my atlairs in the intervals of his disorder. His son, 
 Jeremy, was heartily disposed to promote my interest, and 
 engaged to see my business settled to my content. * * In 
 the afternoon I visited (Rev.) JMr. Caner, who advised me to 
 proceed inunediately to Cambridge, for proper testimonials 
 from the President and Fellows of the college, especially with 
 regard to my conduct while I was a member of that society. 
 
 I m 
 
^? 
 
 
 [1759. 
 
 1759.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 49 
 
 ■ccmber, 
 liged to 
 , tavern, 
 d there, 
 
 Ca])t. 
 French- 
 
 L^rs were 
 import- 
 
 1 fell on 
 England 
 
 Jawning 
 e\v from 
 presently 
 Mr. D. 
 
 y, while 
 
 -rived at 
 
 Boston. 
 
 'r's?, but, 
 
 situation 
 
 a great 
 
 ibly riail 
 
 Dr. took 
 
 His son, 
 
 est, and 
 
 * In 
 
 d me to 
 
 imonials 
 
 dly with 
 
 oeicty. 
 
 1 
 
 " Drcnuber 15lh. About ten o'clock I arrived at college, 
 and entered those walls, where I had formerly resided with so 
 much satisfaction. * * I waited upon the President.* He 
 kindly invited me into a parlor, and behaved towards me in a 
 gcMiteel and obliging manner, not only jjefore, but after 1 had 
 manifested my request. When I desired some testimonials of 
 my moral conduct at college, he answered with mildness, and 
 told me that a di|)loma would be the most advantageous thing 
 I could possibly carry from that society, and added, that it 
 should cost me nothing for the seal. I thanked him, and re- 
 turned to college, after which a freshman waited upon me 
 with a copy of a diploma. * * # About three o'clock I 
 waited again ui)on the President, who behaved towards me 
 not only with incivility, but a kind of barbarous roughness. 
 Notwithstanding the weather was extrenn; cold, he caused me 
 to tarry in an outer kitchen for near half an hour, without any 
 lire to mitigate the prevailing severity, and finally refused to 
 give me any testimonials, although it was well known that I 
 was never punished for the breach of any college laws. He, 
 however, signed my diploma, and sent me to the gentlemen of 
 the corporation for the like favor. 
 
 " About six o'clock I waited uj)on Mr. Caner, and was con- 
 strained to give him the disagreeable news of my unsuccessful 
 journey to Cambridge. Upon which he declared, with some 
 emotion, that all my affairs were entirely confounded, and that 
 it would be next to imj)ossible for me to act with success. 
 Tills afforded me a great deal of uneasiness, till he informed 
 me that he had drawn my recommendatory letters to the so- 
 ciety and his lordship, the Bishop of London ; and now, says 
 he, if you can prevail upon the ministers of this town to sign 
 these letters, you may possibly succeed, Imt if they refuse, 
 nothing further can be done. 
 
 " These discouragements whetted my industry, and made 
 me careful to lose no time. I proceeded directly to Dr. Cut- 
 ler, who readily put his name to the papers, as did likewise 
 ^Ir. Troutbeck, to my great satisfaction. 
 
 * Ilev. Edward llolyokc, A. M. 
 
ii'li 
 
 li 
 
 
 li i -^'l 
 
 ■I 
 
 I ■,. 
 
 50 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1760. 
 
 " December 16///. This day being Sunday, went to Christ 
 Church. Dined with Dr. Cutler. * * In the evening, 
 waited upon Mr. Caner, where I found Mr. Apthorp, wiio did 
 mo the favor of signing my letters. I was very much pleased 
 with his conversation, and that modesty he discovered in pro- 
 posing his sentiments. 
 
 " December 11th. Called, in the evening, upon Parson 
 Hooper,* who behaved towards me with a great deal of com- 
 plaisance. After looking over my testimonials, he declared 
 them snllicient, but, nevertheless, refused to set his name to 
 my recommendatory letters, objecting, that Mr. Caner had 
 drawn them up without sufficient caution. 
 
 ****** 
 
 " December 2\.st. This day, attended prayers, and dined 
 with Mr. Caner. This gentleman has, upon every occasion, 
 shown me an infinite deal of kindness. May Heaven prosper 
 all my benefactors! * «• * * # 
 
 " December 2iSlh. This morning, waited upon Mr. Paxon, 
 who engaged to use his interest with the commander of the 
 Hind in my behalf, for a passage to England. 
 
 ^^Januarij GtJi, 1760. This morning, early, received orders 
 from Capt. Bond, to wait upon him the next day at his lodg- 
 ings. After church, went into Mr. Caner's, and tarried till 
 dinner, but having received an invitation from Mr. Paxon, I 
 waited upon him, was politely received, introduced into a fine 
 parlor among several agreeable gentlemen. I found here the 
 famous Kit Minot, Mr. McKensie, and one Mr. Stuart, a pretty 
 young gentleman. I observed that our company, though 
 chielly upon the gay order, distinguished the day by a kind 
 of reverent decorum. Our conversation was modest and per- 
 fectly innocent, and I scarce remember my ever being in any 
 company where I could behave with greater freedom. After 
 attending divine service at Trinity Church, and hearing a 
 sermon by Rev. Mr. Hooper, I waited upon Mr. Caner, and 
 received from his own hands into my custody, those letters of 
 
 * Rev. William Hooper, Rector of Trinity Church, Boston. 
 
 I : I'll 
 
 
^M 
 
 1760.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 51 
 
 rocoramondation which he had prepared to his grace the Arch- 
 bishop of Canterbury, his lordship the Bishop of Ijondon, and 
 the Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts. 
 
 
 ixon, 
 
 nd per- 
 
 in any 
 
 After 
 
 '■' January \Qth. * * Towards evening the boat appeared. 
 In tlie boat's crew I discovered a young man, whose appear- 
 ance and behavior pleased me more than all I had seen. I 
 immediately applied to him for advice, and he courteously 
 answered, that it was my best way to go directly on board. 
 Aceordinglv, the boat was loosed in a few minutes, and I 
 found myself lioating u})on the water. In our way to the 
 ship we met Capt. Bond in a small schooner, returning towards 
 the shore. He desired m(!, with all the insolence of power, to 
 step into the schooner, while he entered the boat and proceeded 
 to land. The wind blowing strong, it was some time before 
 we could get on board the ship. At length, with dillleulty, I 
 clambered up the sides, and found myself in the midst of a 
 most horrid confusion. The deck was crowded full of men, 
 and the boatswain's shrill wliistle, with th(> swearing and hal- 
 looing of the petty oilicers, almost stunned my ears. I could 
 fmd no retreat from this dismal hubbub, but was obliged to 
 continue jostling among the crowd above an hour, before I 
 could fmd anybody at leisure to direct me. At last, Mr. Let- 
 terman, the captain's steward, an honest Prussian, perceiving 
 my disorder, introduced me through the steerage to the lieu- 
 tenant. I found him sitting in the great cabin. He aj)peared 
 to be a youn.f man, scarce twenty years of age, and had in his 
 countenance '^ome indications of mildness. Upon my en- 
 trance, he assumed a most important look, and with a big 
 voice demanded to know my recpiest. I informed him that I 
 \vas a passenger on board the Hind, by the permission of Capt. 
 Bond, and desired that he would be civil enough to direct me 
 to the place of my destination. He replied, in this laconic 
 style: 'Sir, I will take care to speak to one of my mates.' 
 This was all the notice, at present, from these great nothings. 
 But, happily, on my return from the cabin, I found my chest 
 and bedding carefully stowed away in the steerage. In the 
 
 1 1 
 
 
mm. 
 
 TT 
 
 T 
 
 52 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1760. 
 
 1 
 
 mean time, the ship was unmoored, and we fell gently down 
 to Nantasket. 
 
 " The cold was extreme at this season, the wind blowing hard 
 from the north-west, and what added vastly to my allliction, 
 was the disagreeable conversation around me. I spent an 
 hour in walking under the half-deck, during which time I ob- 
 served a young gentleman at a distance, walking, with a pen- 
 sive air in his countenance. Coming near him, he advanced 
 forward, and in a courteous manner invited me down between 
 decks, to a place he called his berth. I thanked him for his 
 kindness, and readily followed him down a ladder into a dark 
 and dismal region, where the fumes of pitch, bilge water, and 
 other kinds of nastiness almost suffocated me in a minute. 
 We had not proceeded far before we entered a small apart- 
 ment, hung round with damp and greasy canvas, which made, 
 on every hand, a most gloomy and frightful appearance, but a 
 little superior, in my imagination, to the infernal abodes, where 
 darkness and horror remain unmolested. In the middle stood 
 a table of pine, varnished over with nasty slime, furnished 
 with a bottle of rum and an old tin mug, with an huiidred 
 and fifty bruises and several holes, through which the licpior 
 poured in as many streams. This was quickly filled with 
 toddy, and as speedily emptied by two or three companions, 
 who presently joined us in this doleful retreat. Not all the 
 scenes of horror about us could afford me much dismay, till I 
 received the news that this detestable apartment was allotted 
 by the captain to be the place of my habitation during the 
 voyage! I endeavored to soothe the melancholy ideas that 
 began to intrude upon my mind, by considering that I should, 
 through the permission of a favorable l-iovidence, shortly be 
 in brighter regions. 
 
 " Our company continually increased, when the most shock- 
 ing oaths and curses resounded from every corner, some load- 
 ing their neighbors with bitter execrations, while others uttered 
 imprecations too awful to be recorded. The persons present 
 were; first, the captain's clerk, the young fellow who gave me 
 the invitation. He was born in Northampton, about sixty 
 
 
 4 
 
 
T 
 
 hard 
 
 1760.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB HAILEY. 
 
 53 
 
 miles from London, and was educated to the stationery em- 
 ployment. I found him a per!?on of considerable reading and 
 observation, who had lied his native country on account of a 
 young lady to whom he was engaged; but his parents, for cer- 
 tain reasons, apj)eared so violently against the match, that he 
 was prevented from marrying. lie would sometimes get 
 drunk, and at other times behave in a most unaccounta!)lc 
 maiuier. Second: Another was one John Tu/z, a midship- 
 man, and one of my messmates ; he j)roved a good-natured, 
 honest fellow, was apt to blunder in his conversation, but too 
 freciuently gave it a dash of extravagant profaneness. Third : 
 Another of my messmates, named Butler, was a minister's 
 son, who lived near Worcester, in England. His mother was 
 a IJailey, and himself a descendant from Butler, the author of 
 Hudibras. He aj)peared to be a man of fine sense, considera- 
 ble breeding, a stiti" Jacobite ; his language, upon all occasions, 
 was extremely profane and Immodest, yet nobody seemed a 
 greater admirer of delicacy in women than himself. INIy fourth 
 companion was one Spears, one of the mates, a most obliging, 
 ingenious young gentleman; he informed me that the captain 
 had recommended me to hii'n, and that he should endeavor to 
 make the passage as agreeable as possible, and accordingly he 
 treated me, upon every occasion, with uncommon civility and 
 kindness, and was as tender of me in my cruel sickness, as if 
 he had been a brother, and what I most valued him for, was 
 his aversion to swearing and obscenity. Fifth : One of our 
 company, this evening, was the carj)enter of the ship. He 
 looked like a country farmer, drank excessively, swore roundly, 
 and talked extravagantly. Sixth: Another was one Shephard, 
 an Irish midshipman, +he greatest champion of profaneness 
 that ever fell under my notice. The sacred name, at every 
 word, was uttered with the strongest cm[)hasis, and 1 scarce 
 ever knew him to o|)en his mouth without roaring out a tu- 
 multuous volley of stormy oaths and imprecations. After we 
 had passed away an hour or two together, Mr. Lisle, the lieu- 
 tenant of mariiu's, joined our company. He appeared about 
 fifty years old, of a gigantic stature, and quickly distinguished 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 i:1 
 
ppw 
 
 glM^ 
 
 i.::i: 
 
 r.ii 'fi 
 
 •III 
 
 54 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1760. 
 
 liimself by the quantities of liquor he poured down liis throat. 
 He also was very profane. 
 
 " About nine o'cloek the company began to think of supper, 
 when a i)oy was called into the room. Nothing in human 
 shape did I ever see before so loathsome and nasty. He had 
 on his body a fragment only of a check shirt, his bosom was 
 all naked and greasy, over his shoulders hung a bundle of 
 wooUen rags, which reached in strings almost down to his feet, 
 and the whole composition was curiously adorned with little 
 shining animals. The boy no sooner luade his appearance, 
 than oiU! of our society accosted him in this gentle language: 
 '(Jo, you » » rascal, and see whether lobseouse is ready.' 
 Upon this the fellow began to mutter and scratch his head, 
 but after two or three iiearty curs(>s, went for the galley, and 
 presently returned with an elegant dish, which he placed on 
 the tal)le. It was a composition of beef and onions, bread 
 and jiotatoes, minced and stewed together, then served up 
 with its brotli, in a wooden tub, the half of a quarter cask. 
 The tal)le was furnished with two pewter plates, the half of 
 one was melted away, and the other, full of holes, was more 
 weather-beaten than the sides of the ship; one knife with a 
 bone handle, one fork with a broken tine, half a metal spoon, 
 and another, taken at Quebec, with part of the bowl cut oft". 
 "When supper was ended, the company continued their exercise 
 of drinking, swearing and carousing, till half an hour after 
 two, when some of these obliging gentlemen made a motion 
 for my taking some repose. Accordingly, a row of greasy 
 canvas bags, hanging overhead by the beams, were unlashed. 
 Into one of them it was proposed I should get, in order to 
 sleep, but it was with the utmost difficulty I prevented myself 
 from falling over on the other side. Here I endeavored to 
 compose myself, but had no rest this night, except a few un- 
 easy snatches. 
 
 '•'■ Jannary Wth. In the morning I awoke with ten thousand 
 dismal apprehensions ringing in my ears, which gave me a very 
 melancholy idea of my present situation, but being sensible 
 that I must, for some time, endure it, I arose and put on as 
 
 i 
 
1760.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JA(OB BAILKY. 
 
 55 
 
 much cheerfulness as possible. Wo cxjiected to sail every 
 minute, till evening, when, the wind becoming unfair, we were 
 obliged to continue still at anchor. 
 
 " January 12th. This day began to reconcile myself, in some 
 measure, to my new method of living. Nothing renuirkable 
 happened, except that the captain and ollieers endi'avored to 
 conceal a negro servant, belonging to Capt. Ellis, of Etnerly, 
 but jNIr. Ellis, understanding his business, recovered his servant 
 by authority. 
 
 " Towards evening, several passengers came on board, viz.: 
 Mr. Karons, late Collector, Major (Jrant, Mr. Baron's footman> 
 and Mrs. Cruthers, the pursers wif<', a native of New England. 
 After some t-onsiderable dispute, I had my lodgings lixcd in 
 Mr. Pearson's berth, where Master Robant, Mr. Baron's man, 
 and I, agreed to lie together in one large hammock. 
 
 "As the Sabbath approached, I critically observed the beha- 
 vior of our people, but found not the least respect paid to the 
 ap))roaching season by one person on board. 
 
 ^'■January 13///, (Sunday.) This day spent in a very dis- 
 agreeable and scandalous manner, without any kind of divine 
 worship. Our people, instead of keeping the Sabbath day 
 iioly, passed it away either in diversions or quarrels. « > « 
 This evening the barge returned from a cruise to one of 
 the neighboring islands, when Mr. Glover, the lieutenant, and 
 Mr. Pearson, gave an account of the following adveiUure. 
 They came to a house where lived a man, who, in our country 
 dialect, is called a substantial farmer ; he had several pretty 
 young daughters, whom he had taken great |)ains to educate. 
 They could not only read and write, but understood letters to 
 a considerable degree of j^erfection. Every lady admired their 
 innocence, modesty, and decent behavior, but tlu; neighboring 
 youths, in general, imagined themselves too inferior to oiler 
 tlioir addresses to these excellent virgins. Mr. (Jlover and 
 Mr. Pearson, however, had the hapj)iness, by means of laced 
 clothes, and loud, rattling oaths and imprecations, to get intro- 
 duced to their company. They followed their suit with all 
 expedition, and, in less than two days, seduced and ruined a 
 couple of fine creatures, the one about sixteen, the other about 
 
 i ■ 
 
 m 
 m 
 
 4 
 
 ('. 
 
wwm 
 
 m 
 
 I'm 
 
 rill' i 
 
 50 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [UfiO. 
 
 cii^httHMi years old. That this was really true, the following 
 accident discovered. As Mr. Pearson was taking something 
 out of his pocket-book, he drop|)ed a paper that I took up and 
 read, which was as follows : — 
 
 "'Di'.AU Sir: — 'Tis with tin; utmost regret I am forced to 
 part with you, and shall have many a sorrowful hour till you 
 return. 
 
 '" I cannot think you will ever be so cruel as to forget one 
 who has sacrificed my innocence, and, I fear, my happiness, to 
 your ])leasure. 
 
 "' Pray let me hear from you bc'fore you sail. 
 
 " ' I am, sir, yours forever, 
 
 "'Sam.v.'" 
 
 Five days passed, after the events recorded in the last ex- 
 tract, and found the licet still at anchor in Nantasket Roads. 
 
 ^^ Jan/I n?\ij Idth. This morning, almost before daylight ap- 
 peared, I awoke with the clangor of trumpets and the noise 
 of whistles, and the bustling of all hands u))on deck, by which 
 I perceived that the ship was, at last, unmooring, and that we 
 were preparing to sail. This instantly drove me from my 
 repose, upon the (juarter-deck, where I found a most serene 
 and pleasant morning. In less than an hour, the whole fleet 
 was under sail, and enjoyed a gentle breeze till we had sailed 
 some leagues to the eastward of the lighthouse. Our ileet 
 consisted of seven sail, viz. : the Hind, a twenty-gun ship, the 
 Maria, the Ruby, the Molly, the Genoa Packet, the Galley, 
 and the St. Paul. I stood with a melancholy feeling, to see 
 the New England shores grow further and further distant, till 
 the tops of the mountains, and, at last, the whole country, 
 entirely disappeared. The wind quickly died away, and it 
 was perfectly calm for an hour or two, which gave us some 
 fearful apprehensions, but towards evening it sprang up a little 
 to the eastward of south. It blew fresh, and we were obliged 
 to keep the ship close hauled to the wind, which caused a 
 great motion, and I presently was obliged to rej)air to my 
 hammock, extremely sick, and so continued all night." 
 
 ) 
 
1760.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB UAILEY. 
 
 57 
 
 The daily occurrences of the voyage are related with nion; 
 or less niiiiuteiiess. INIr. Bailey mentions several acts of kind- 
 ness and attention to him on the part of the petty ollieers of 
 the ship, but which were, nevertheless, accompanied with 
 much that was unpleasant and repulsive. Thus, they with 
 whom he dined, l)y invitation, one day, "tried to tempt hijn 
 into some fashionable excesses, and as the aciiuaintance in- 
 creased, were perpetually criticising his conversation." On 
 one occasion he dined with the doctor of the ship, who did 
 not hesitate to express Deist ical, and even Atheistical, opinions. 
 
 He states, in his journal, after he had been at sea a few 
 days, that "at this season I was much emaciated with sick- 
 ness, and oftentiuies not less disconcerted at the abominable 
 profaneness that everywhere prevailed, more especially Jn the 
 apartment to which I had the misfortune to be conlined."' 
 
 The following is gladly inserted, as it makes the captain of 
 the ship appear in a more amiable light than previously: " I 
 cannot help taking notice of the kindness of our captain to 
 me, which, though conferred with a good deal of insolence, 
 yet was exceedingly comfortable to me in my reduced condi- 
 tion, since he ordered his servant to send me something every 
 day from his table." 
 
 After a terrific storm,* which nearly proved the destruction 
 of the ship and all on board of her, their ears were saluted, ou 
 the morning of Feb. IGth, with the joyful cry of land! " Such 
 was my satisfaction," says our voyager, "at the sight of the 
 British shores, which I had so long sighed for in my native 
 country, that I could not forbear shedding tears upon the occa- 
 sion. * » Exactly at twelve o'clock we came to anchor 
 between St. Helens and Spit head, it being completely, to an 
 hour, twenty-eight days, from the time we weighed anchor at 
 Nantasket. The next day, (Sunday,) about eleven o'clock, the 
 barge was hoisted out, and the captain, with Mr. Barons and 
 
 ■ \ r 
 
 i ir 
 
 * Mr. Bailey subsequently speaks, in his journiU, of tlie accounts whicli the news- 
 papers contained, of the disasters occasioned by this storm. The Kind was sij,'nul- 
 Lzed by the llainilies, a ninety-gun ship, on the iHh inst. That very ni^ht, this ship 
 was shipwrecked, and of a crew of seveu hundred and thirty-four persons, only twenty- 
 tivc escaped witli tlteir lives. 
 
 8 
 
ww\ \r" 
 
 18 
 
 FRONTIER :sn S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1760. 
 
 \f)' I (■ 
 
 li 
 
 his jittrndants, M'crc preparing to land at Portsmouth, wlicn 
 I rtHjucsted h-avo of our haughty cotninandrr to visit the shore, 
 but ho returned me answer, witli all the insolence of tyraiuiy, 
 that ' I must wait for the return of the boat.' This disap- 
 ])ointmeiit raised my sj)irits to a prodigious degree, but I was 
 constrained to vent my (lisa|)))ointmeiit in silence. I took, 
 however, a social dinner with the doctor, the purser, and his* 
 agr(M'al)le consort, after which, Mr. iMajor, a young gentleman 
 who had conveyed his chest on l)oard the Hind, but was ilisap- 
 poiuted of a passage, joined our company. Towards evening 
 hi' was dis|)osed to return towards Portsmouth, and having a 
 large boat alongside, I requested tlic favor of accompanying 
 him to the shore, which he readily granted. Having taken my 
 leave of all friends in the ship, I left it with the greatest satis- 
 faction, but not without a strong inclination of seeing again 
 those who had been comi)anions in so many dangers. In our 
 way to the harbor, we passed by a vast number of ships, either 
 lying at anchor, or getting under sail. In less than half an 
 hour we landed on the strand, in Portsmouth, which was 
 covered with a great multitude of people, chieily boys and 
 servants, at their several diversions. This opened to me a 
 new scene, and quickly made mo sensible that I was in a 
 country difl'erent from New England. The gentleman who 
 camo on shore with mo was a stranger to the city as well as 
 myself, which occasioned mi; a great deal of uneasy confusion, 
 since I was not acquainted with a".y livn^g person. While I 
 stood staring around me in the wildest disorder, a young lad 
 came down to the water, and ofl'ered to carry my chest to any 
 place I should direct. I, in a moment, recollected that it 
 might be proper to have it reposited in some wagon-house, till 
 it could bo conveyed up to London. Accordingly, he put it 
 down at the Blue Anchor, whore I was informed that it would 
 be put into the wagon the next morning." 
 
 One of the otlicers of the Hind had given INIr. Bailey a let- 
 ter of introduction to a lady who kept a boarding-house in 
 Portsmouth, and immediately on his arrival there, he set out 
 in search of her dwelling. He rambled through the streets, 
 iiKluiring of many persons where the person lived to whom his 
 
 I 1 
 
 I 
 
 A 
 
 
 !^ i.!i 
 
1^ 
 
 1700.] 
 
 LIFE or UKV. JACon llAILKY. 
 
 59 
 
 letter ^vas addressed. For a loiinf time he could gain no iiifor- 
 iiiatioii, till, at last, "an lionest-looliiiig tar" oli'ered to conduct 
 him to the place of his destination. " I made no scruple," 
 says Mr. Bailey, "to commit myself to his direction, especially 
 ^vhen he told me that he belonged to the I*)iana, the ship in 
 which Mr. Grcaton* took his passage for England." 'I'ln; let- 
 ter of introduction procured him a welcome, and, at last, ho 
 found himself in comfortable (juarters, waiting for the first 
 public conveyance to London. 
 
 The reader can hardly have failed to remark the diliicullies 
 which Mr. Bailey encountered, and the trials to which he was 
 subjected in his eflorts to obtain orders in the Church of Eng- 
 land. We cannot easily account for the coldness with which 
 he was treated by the President of Harvard College, or the 
 refusal of that olFicer to certify the acknowledged fact, that his 
 character was unexceptionable while he was a member of that 
 institution. This refusal caused Mr. Bailey much anxiety and 
 trouble, and nearly prevented his obtaining the testimonials 
 re(iuired by the ecclesiastical authority in England. 
 
 Although the subject of this Memoir found friends who had 
 suilicient inlluence to secure him a passage in an armed ship, 
 yet, it would seem, he could not obtain decent accommoda- 
 tions on board, and that he was even obliged to share his 
 hammock with the man servant of one of the passengers. 
 The captaiti treated him with a superciliousness little to be 
 expected from one of a profession with which civility and 
 politeness are uniformly associated. The petty ollicers of the 
 ship, including the surgeon, apj)ear to have been almost brutes 
 in human shape, who bore the royal commission. Their pas- 
 senger was an educated man, a licensed clergyman of the 
 Congregational denomination, and the object of his voyage to 
 England was to obtain orders in the Established Church. 
 Yet their profaneness appears to have been unrestrained in 
 his presence ; they sought to tempt him into some fashionable 
 excess; they made severe reflections on his native country; 
 
 ^ 1 
 
 M 
 
 C: 
 
 * Afterwards Rector of Christ Church, Boston, Mass. 
 
60 
 
 rRONTiEii missionary; or, 
 
 [1700. 
 
 nnd, cvpn when lie was n ^ncst at their table, tliey critieised 
 his pronunciation and manner of speaking. 
 
 We kr)o\v not if Air. liailey's experience in obtaining testi- 
 monials, and on lii.s voyage to Engliind, was u fiiir specimen 
 of that of other candidates, in general, for holy orders. If it 
 were so. we cannot bnt admire the |ierseveran(;e, and respect 
 the strong principle wliieh inlhienced these yoimg xnvn, not 
 only to sa(;ri(ice the time and money necessary to th(! voyage, 
 and to incur the dangers of the sc^a, bnt which could support 
 them under the trial of being associated, ft)r an indelinite 
 time, with unmannerly, drnnluMi, profane and li(!enlious com- 
 j)anions. We are sure, that a person of a similar standing 
 with Mr. Bailey, who should no7v inkv j)assage in an armed 
 ship, would not sutler as he was compelled to do. The naval 
 servicer has gentlemen for its ollicers, and among them arc 
 bright ornaments of the religion which they profess. 
 
 On the second day after Mr. Bailey's arrival in Portsmouth, 
 he commenced his joun)ey to London. The public convey- 
 ance in which he took passage, is thus described by him : 
 " These stage machines are built in the form of a common 
 coach, but somewhat larger ; they are drawn by six horses, are 
 capable of carrying six persons, with their bundles, which 
 must never exceed fourteen pounds to a single passenger. 
 Besides the proper body of the coach, there is a large apart- 
 ment erected behind, which frecjuently contains seven or eight 
 people. But it is very uncomfortablt! riding there in stormy 
 weather, it being wholly uncovered, and exposed to the open 
 air.-' Of the passengers that occupied the coach with him on 
 this journey, he says : " A greater variety of characters and 
 employments in life, perhaps were never before assembled 
 together in so narrow an apartment." 
 
 In the evening of the same day, Mr. Bailey reached the city 
 of London, and lodged at " the great Spread Eagle Inn, Grace 
 Church Street." The next morning he called upon " Mr. But- 
 ler, a noted bookseller, near King Street, Cheapside," and de- 
 livered to him a letter of introduction. Through his assistance 
 he engaged lodgings with a family, where other American cler- 
 gymen and candidates for orders had resided. The same day 
 
 - 
 
nfio.] 
 
 LIFi: OF HKV. JACOn BAILEY. 
 
 fil 
 
 he foiiiul Mr. Orpaton, who Imd visited England to ol)tain 
 ordination. 
 
 On the 27th February, the siil)j«'ct of our Memoir waited 
 upon Rev. Dr. l^earcroft, the Secretary of the Society for Pro- 
 motinp; the Gospel in Foreign Parts, and delivered to hirn 
 some letters, "together with a will, wherein a New Fingland 
 lady had left a legacy of i: 1,000 sterling to the Bociety." The 
 sanu? day he called on Rev. Dr. Nichols, and presented him 
 with letters for his lordship the Bishop of London. 
 
 " Fi'hniar// tlSl/i. This morning Mr. (ireaton and I waited 
 upon the Archbishop of Canterbury,* at his palace; at Lam- 
 beth. We had the good fortune to find him at home. After 
 being conducted, with a vast deal of ceremony, through ex- 
 tended walks, grand halls, and spacious chambers, we were, at 
 length, presented to his grace, who immediately rose from his 
 seat and gave us his blessing, before we had an opportunity to 
 loieel. He then desired us to sit, and conversed with us in the 
 most easy and polite matmer. He inquired of me concerning 
 the war in America, and asked me 'what the sentiments of 
 people were, in general, concerning Col. Amherst?' I an- 
 swered him with caution and coolness, more than was neces- 
 sary. After he had conversed freely for more than half an 
 hour, taking pen and paper, he wrote to Dr. Nichols, that upon 
 the recommendation I was able to produce, he need not be 
 under any scruple of admitting me to ordination. * * * 
 
 " February 29th. This morning I arose full of anxious con- 
 cern, and, not tarrying for my breakfast, walked near two 
 miles, to the place of my examination. I was presently intro- 
 duced to the Doctor, (Nichols,) who received me wath all that 
 mildness which he always assumes towards his dependants. 
 Requesting me to sit, he proceeded to ask me a great number 
 of questions concerning my country, relations, and education* 
 I observed that my answers appeared to give him satisfaction. 
 At length, examination came on. He gave me, first, the Greek 
 Testament, and desired me to render a portion of it either into 
 Latin or English, according to my inclination. He likewise 
 
 * Dr. Seeker. 
 
 '«i 
 
62 
 
 FRONTIER 31 1 S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1760. 
 
 gave me liberty to choose what book or chapter I pk d«etl. I 
 happened to open al)oiit the middle of the first chapter of 
 INIatthew, and jiassed through this part of my examination 
 with ease. The next book he put into my hand was CJrotius 
 de Veritate. Here I was not at my liberty, but he heard mo 
 to the first section in th(; Second Hook, where I read oft' that 
 and two sections besides, into English, without receiving any 
 correction. The last part of the examination was, to render 
 the Thirty-nine Articles into Latin, and then to explain it. 
 This I had the happiness to perforin, not only to his accept- 
 ance, but even far bejond what I could wish. After I had 
 passed througli the several forms used on these occasions, ho 
 dismissed me, with a declaration ihat he had the pleasure to 
 find me (pialified, and Avould recommend me for ordinati'in 
 the next Sunday. 
 
 " March 2d. This morning arose early, and met my com- 
 panions, according to agreement. * * I found Mr. Morton, 
 a young gentleman from Philadelphia, arrived before me. ». * 
 When we had finished our breakfast, a couple of coaches 
 appeared, to convey us to Fulham. We had a pleasant ride 
 through a beautiful country, for the space of five miles beyond 
 the town. * * About ten, we came in sight of the bishoj)'s 
 palace. * * The servants conducted us into a very odd 
 apartment. We found, however, a good tire, which atlbrded 
 us a very seasonnble refreshment, as the w^eather was chilly. 
 We were presently joined by several other gentlemen, candi- 
 dates for ordination. His lordshij) the Bishoj) of Rochester,*^ 
 soon arrived, when we w^ere called into his j)resence. Here 
 we were obliged to subscribe the Thirty-nine Articles. The 
 bell, a few minutes after, ringing for jn'ayers, we were all 
 shown into the chapel, where, after taking three oaths, we 
 were admitted to deacons' orders by the Bishop, with the as- 
 sistance of Dr. Ts'^iciiols and another clergyman. When we 
 returned from the chapel, we were conducted into a vast large 
 hall, entirely composed of the finest marble. It was arched 
 
 ! 
 
 4 
 
 W 
 
 h 
 
 * Dr. Zachary I'earcc. 
 
17G0.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 63 
 
 overhead, and was at least twenty feet higli. All the walb, 
 as well as tlie grand canopy, were covered with the most strik- 
 ing lignres, so that this spacious apartment might truly be said 
 to be fine without hangings, and beautiful without j)aii:t. In 
 the middle stood along table, covered with silver dishes. Wo 
 sat down with his lordshi]) of Rochester, the Bishop of Lon- 
 don's lady, and several others, being, in all, twenty-one. We 
 had ten servants to attend us, and were served witli twenty- 
 four dilVerent dislies, dressed in such an elegant manner, that 
 many of us could scarce eat a mouthful. The drinking ves- 
 sels were either of glass or of solid gold.' The Bishop was 
 very sociable at table, but was seen to behave with a very 
 important gravity. After paying eleven shillings a-piece for 
 our orders, we drove into the city, and took a dish of tea to- 
 gelher, and then parted in friendship. 
 
 ^- March ^Uh. This morning waited upon the famous Mr. 
 Benjamin Franklin, and received an invil.ition to dine. • * 
 llis son dined with us, a ])arrister-at-law. lie is a gentleman 
 of good education, but has passed away the llower oi his 
 youth in too many extravagancies. 
 
 " March 14///. This day Avas appointed for public fasting and 
 ))rayer through Great Britain, to implore the divine blessing 
 on the arms of the nation. In the afternoon., walked abroad 
 witli INIessrs. Gffaton and Morton. After rambling several 
 miles, we came to Moorfidds, and passing.' through them, we 
 entered the Unw. which leads to Mr. Wliitlield's famous taber- 
 nacle. We saw mfcititudes of people crowding along from 
 
 ^' 
 
 ■> 
 
 
 * In rcailing this description, allowance should be niadp for the novelty of the sIkIiIs 
 wliioh met Mr. Bailey's cyis on this occasion. His early da\ s were passed in humble 
 circumstances, and thou(j;h afterwards "he had some oijportunity of associating with 
 persons of wealth and retinement, yet it can hardly be sujijioscd that he had over been 
 l)resent at any entertainment in which I'tuch display of luxury and wealtli had been 
 made. Besides, America could not compete with Eni;land in the style of furniture 
 and decorations of buildings. Ilis description of his vi^it at the house of the Bishop, 
 was, no dotibt, according to his impressions at the time. That he was mistaken, in 
 S'une decree, we know, from his remark, tliat " the drinkirs? vessels were either of 
 plass or solid gold." It has been stated, by compf-ent authority, that, even at the 
 present day, services of gold plate are composed of nilvcr, more or less heavily gilded. 
 
 
 L) VII 
 
 J 
 
 ! li 
 
mm 
 
 61 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1760. 
 
 every quarter, to hear the entertaining impertinence of that 
 gentleman. By the calculation I was enabled to make, I am 
 sensible there was not less than ten thousand persons in and 
 about the tabernacle. Here were many serious people of the 
 lower sort, several of fashion, and a great number of villains, 
 who take the advantage to pick the pockets of the innocent 
 rabble. Upon our return, we met Mr. IMilner, a young gentle- 
 man from New York, who came over for orders. But Mr. 
 Morton being obliged, with me, to wait upon Dr. Nichols, we 
 parted with these gentlemen, and walked to Piccadilly. The 
 Doctor met us at the door, and with an easy smile infor' icd 
 us that he had been so happy as to procure us a pris.i r ordi- 
 nation, which would be conferred the next Sunday, by the 
 Bishop of Peterboro'.* This news was very joyful to us, who 
 wished for nothing more than to have our affairs settled. 
 »***■**■ 
 " J/a/t7t 16lh, (Sioidai/.) This being the day appointed for 
 my admission into priests' orders, Mr. Morton called at r.iy 
 lodgings a little after eight. We took coach, and ordered the 
 coachman to drive to Piccadilly. "We stopped at Dr. Nichols' 
 door, and found that obliging gentleman ready to enter upon 
 our atlairs. W^e were soon conducted into the j)resence of his 
 lordship the Bishop of Peterboro', and, under his direction, 
 took all the oaths which the canons of our church reijuire 
 upon these bacred occasions. W^e wore next conducted, with 
 the usual ceremonies, into St. James" Church, and there re- 
 ceived ordination from the Reverend Bishop. The whole 
 allair was conducted with the utmost soL-mnity. O, that our 
 minds may e\;;i be sensible of the weight and importance of 
 this sacred ollice to which we are now appointed, and may 
 the Divine influence animate and direct our actions to the 
 glory of Heaven and the happiness of those beings which 
 surround us I The ordination being over, we returned into 
 the Doctor's apartment, and there paid half a guinea for our 
 orders, and half a crown to the man who attended at the altar. 
 We received orders from our reverend superiors, to partake of 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 I a 
 
 * Dr. Terrick. 
 
r 
 
 
 1760.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 65 
 
 the Sacrament at the King's Parish Church of St. ]\Iarlins-in- 
 the-Fields. We had an excellent sermon, suitable to the 
 occasion, and parted from the holy ordinance in soni(> measure 
 sensible of the favors Heaven had bestowed upon us, in mak- 
 ing everything succeed to our wishes. 
 
 " 2Iarch 11th. * * * We arrived at the Bishop of Tjon- 
 don's palace (at Fulham), and were admitted, with u<ual 
 ceremony, into the secretary's apartment, from whose hand we 
 received our license, after paying £1 IS.v. i]d. We had the 
 honor of being introduced to His Lordship's presence. He was 
 sitting with his consort in a beautiful parlor, with his liat upo- 
 his head. When we approached him, Ik; endeavored to move, 
 but with the greatest dillicuify. We came around on Ihc 
 other side of the table, and saw, in the face of His Lordship, 
 an object which at once excited horror and compassion. His 
 face was swollen to a jirodigious degree, and his tongue, in- 
 fected with some terrible disorder, hung out of his montli, and 
 extended down his chin. The good Bishop, unabh; to speajc, 
 looked earnestly upon us, as if he meant to convey us a bless- 
 ing. Having subscribed the articles retpiired, we took Icax i; of 
 His Lordship." 
 
 ***** * 
 
 " March Id/h. Mr. Morton calling on me, we dressed in 
 our robes, and went, first, to wait upon Mr. Franklin. We 
 found him and his son at breakfast, with several ladies, who 
 prevailed upon us to take a dish of tea. After engaging to 
 dine with them the next Tuesday, we went to St. Mariin's, 
 expecting to meet the Vcnerabh; Society. We tarri(vl jirayers, 
 but not findinij those reverend "entlemen we wanted, we 
 repaired to the chapter-house, and were introduced imo a 
 handsome apartment, with the Archbisliop's gentlemen, and 
 other attendants. About one, the asseml)iy l)roke up, when 
 we had an opportunity of seeing several bishops. • • His 
 
 * This was Bisho]) Thomas Sherlock, the antay:iinist of ISi-^hoj) Iloadlfy, in 'he 
 B.ingoriau controvcisj-. lie died in a few months after tlie interview recorded in the 
 Memoir. His attestation to Mr. Bailey's deelaration of eoiiforinity to the LiiiiiL^y of 
 the Church of England is preserved. The Bishop's signaluro, in the margin, shows 
 the trcn.ulousuess of a hand enfeebled by sickness. 
 
 9 
 
 (I ''' 
 
 il 
 
 -.-JJ 
 
\i 
 
 GG 
 
 FRONTIEU :S[ISSIONARY 
 
 OR. 
 
 [ITGO. 
 
 Grace, in ])assing out of llie groat room, condescended to ad- 
 dress us very cornplaeently, and gave ns his ble.'ing. * * 
 From the elia})ter-lu)use we went directly to the treasury, * * 
 liienco to the chancellor's house. Here wo received .£19 7s. 
 Or/., the royal bounty to all American clergymen after ordina- 
 lion. The kinix himself siifiied lite order for the delivery of 
 
 ZJ CD ^ 
 
 the mon''y. T cannot hut thankfully acknowledge the good- 
 ness of Providence, this day, in succeeding my concerns, and 
 so hiippily fmislilng the l)usiness for which I made this danger- 
 ous voyage to London. I had the pleasure to be informed 
 that the generous Society had apj)ointed ]ne their missionary, 
 with a salary of £oO per annum, to begin from last Christmas. 
 I'his was favorable, even beyond uiy most sanguine expecta- 
 tions. 
 
 
 il 
 m 
 
 m 
 II 
 
 til 
 
 il 
 
 " jMarcli 22d. This day received half a year's salary from 
 Alderman (iosling, banker to the Society, -y * I then rode 
 to the upper part of New Bond Street, and bought a luuuber 
 of books. The afternoon I spent in collecting articles I de- 
 signi'd to take witl; me to New England, having first visited 
 Ihe New England CoU'ec* House, and agreed with Capt. Watt 
 for a passage, first paying for it ten guineas. 
 
 iv * * * * * 
 
 " March '2-~)lh. Visited Dr. IBeaicroft with Mr. Grrcaton and 
 IMorton, where we received Leland's View of the Deistical 
 Writers, a present from his royal highness the Prince of Wales, 
 and several other excellent pieces. About two, I\Ir. Morton 
 called on me, and accompanied me to Mr. Pranklin's, in 
 Craven Street. We had four ladies at tal;le. They all dined 
 in full dress, without so uiuch as taking their hats from their 
 heads. Nothing could possibly be more agreeable than the 
 conversation, behavior and entertainment of this afternoon. 
 
 ^^ March 2Gth. This day went down the river with Mr. 
 
 CJrcaton, to put. our on l)oard the frigate, at Stone 
 
 Stairs. 
 
 " J/f^/y "28///. About ten o'clock, to our inexpressible joy, we 
 nuide the mountains of Agamcnticus, on the coast of New 
 
 
 •mk 
 
••■•I 
 
 HGO.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 t) I 
 
 England, having been our c)f siglit ol' land from (^apc' Corn- 
 wall, in Cjreat Britain, lliirty-two days.'' 
 
 Mr. Bailey arrived in Boston a few days ufier, as wc learn 
 from the following item from the "Boston News Leller," of 
 Jane 0th, 17(i() : " Custom House, l^oston, June 4th. loitered 
 inwards. Watt, from Tiondon. Tn Capt. Watt came Passen- 
 gers General Winslow, who was weleomed on shore, and con- 
 gratulaled by a great number of Peo|)l(>, upon his return ; also, 
 the Rev. ]\lr. James (Irayton,* of Roxbury, and the Rev. Mr. 
 Jacob Bailey, of Beverly,! two young gentlemen who have 
 received Episcopal Ordination, the former I'or Ciu'isi's Clim-eh, 
 in this Town, the oilier for a ('hurch to be estal)lished ar 
 Pownalboro', on the Kennebeck River; and several other gen- 
 tlemen." 
 
 *Grpi!tou. 
 
 f Jiowh'v, 
 
 
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 1.; 
 
 t! 
 
 ■ P P m i l*- 
 
w 
 
 68 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1G06. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 Bkfoki; wc follow I\Ir. Bailey to his chosen field of labor, it 
 becomes necessary to sketch the history of that i)art of -he 
 country in which that field was situated. 
 
 As 1he French had led the way in colonizing other parts of 
 America, so were they the first in exploring this region, and in 
 attempting to settle it. The Idng of I'rance had given to De 
 Monts the whole of the country between the island of Caj)e 
 Breton and the shores below Hudson River, and had called 
 the territory Acadia, In the spring of l()Oi, De INIonts, ac- 
 companied by the future founder of Ci,uebec, entered Annapo- 
 lis River, in Nova Scotia, and granting a territory, extending 
 some miles from its mouth, to one of his comj^anions, sailed 
 for the Schoodic, or St. Croix River, which now forms part of 
 the north-eastern boundary of the United States. An island 
 was chosen for the residence of the party, and fortified. The 
 privations of one winter, however, caused them to abandon this 
 locality the following spring, and to join the rest of the immi- 
 grants on the pleasant river of Annapolis. The same season 
 an exploring party, led by De Monts, ascended the Kennebec 
 River, erected a cross, and took possession of the territory in the 
 name of the king of France. While these expeditions were in 
 progress, English enterprise was also excited. On the pretence 
 of tliscovering a north-west passage, a party left Great Britain. 
 After touching at a few places in Maine, th.e vessels ascended 
 the Penobscot River, probably a considerable distance, and the 
 commander also erected a cross, "a thing," he says, "never 
 omitted by Christian travt-llers.'' Thus, in the same year, per- 
 hajjs in the same mouth, the symljol of man's salvation was 
 })lanted on the bank^ of the two noblest rivers in Maine. The 
 leaders of both th*^5*o ex|H\Iitions were Protestants. The Eng- 
 lis^h enterprise was tSi>g»aced by the seizure of five of the na- 
 
 M 
 
f 
 
 IGOf).] 
 
 LIFE OF UFV. .JA(i)i; BATLT.Y 
 
 ()9 
 
 live?, \vIio were carried fo (Ireiit liriiaiii. This iiet of nii(|uali- 
 lled baseness was, however, i^'oviih-ntially made productive of 
 good.' Three of the captives were delivered to Sir I''i;ki)I- 
 NANDO Gouci'.s, governor cf Piymontli. A residence witli liiiu 
 taught them the Engiisli I uiguage, and the aeeoinits they gave 
 of their native land llrst excited in their host that interest in 
 the colouii/iation of New England, which tv'rminated only wiih 
 ills life. 
 
 In 1(506, an association of English gentlemen was formed, 
 for the purpose of colonizing America, and conv(>rling its 
 savage inhabitants to the ClM'istian religion. Allhoiigh di- 
 vided into two companies, ye!; they were imder one general 
 council of government. .James 1. <ijave them a roval charter. 
 To one of these, called the Second Colony, or the Plymouth 
 Company, was granted a territory, identical, to a great extent,! 
 with that given to De INIonts by the king of France-. Tlie re- 
 ligion of the Church of England was esiablished in the colo- 
 nies to be formed. In the following year, the founders of Wv- 
 ginia, under the patronage of the fir^t of these companies, left 
 their native land and conmienced a set dement on .lames River. 
 Late in August of the same year, i)ul)lie thanks to Almighty 
 (rod were oll'ered up on a peninsula in the Kennebec River, 
 near its mouth, by a party who had landed IVcuu slii|)s sent out 
 by the Second, or Plymouth Company, to colonize their patent. 
 A sermon was delivered on this occasion, their charter was 
 read, and rules for the government were promulgated. Build- 
 ings for j)ub!ic use, including a Church and a few slendiT 
 cabins, were erected, with a rude fortification. Early winter 
 witnessed the departure of the ships which had transported 
 the colonists, leaving only forty-tivi' persons to undergo the 
 unknown trials which might await them. Xot the k-ast of 
 these trials was the extrcnu' severity of the climate. Tn mid- 
 winter lire consumed their stt)reh()use, with the provisions it 
 
 * " Tills accident must be iu knowledtred Uie uu'ims, undiT Gud, of puttiiiu; on foot 
 and Etivins life to uU our pluntatiuns." — Sir J-'udimtnilo Cori^rx' lirii'fc Xarialivn. 
 London : lOoS. 
 
 tTo the two companies all North America, from the .'iltli to the loth degree of 
 latitude, was granted. Dc Muntf.' patent extended one degree further north. 
 
 1 i' f f 
 
 li 
 
 : I" 'J 
 ' ^it t ; 
 
 iliJ; 
 
70 
 
 r R O N T I E R All S S I N A R Y 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1(507. 
 
 i! 
 
 m- 
 
 coiitaiiiod. Ccorgc! I'opham, their ])rositloiit, died. The ships 
 sent from Eni,Haii(l the succeeding spring, broiiglit news of the 
 death of the Ciiief Justice of Enghind, one of the principal 
 men of the Plymouth Council, and also of another member, a 
 brother to the " Admiral " of the colony, who had now become 
 its ])rcsident. Thes(; untoward events determined tiie emi- 
 grants to return to their native country, and when the ships, 
 despatched to their aid, entered the English hiu-bor on their 
 return, instead of bringing news of encouragement to the 
 sagacious and enterprising men, who had attempted to trans- 
 fin* the reliiijion and civilization of Finijland to the huntinor- 
 grounds of the savages of North America, they landed dis- 
 heartened adventurers, whose story and whose return would 
 ])()stpone, to a distant, day, the renewal of an enterprise that 
 had tims lamentably and visibly failed. 
 
 As, by the royal letter of instructions, given to the early colo- 
 nists, the religion and polity of the Church of England were 
 distinctly established, nnd as religious services were held, and 
 a sermon preached on the day of the debarkation of the colo- 
 nists, at Kennebec, by their chajilain, who also olliciated dur- 
 ing the time the colony remained, it is certain that, on tne 
 shores of Atkins' Bay, tlie hallowed strains of England's ritual 
 were heard at no infrecjuent intervals, during the autiunu of 
 1G07, and the succeeding winter. And, therefore, these arc 
 the first instances of the use of the liturgy, and the perform- 
 ance of the rites of the Episcopal Church in any part of the 
 present United States, north of Virginia. And not only so, 
 this was Tin; first Pi^otestant woijsuip a\d pkkaciiixg, by 
 
 AN" ordained minister, IN ANY PORTION OF THIS VAST TERRI- 
 TORY.* 
 
 New England was the name given to a region, extending 
 from the fortieth parallel, eight degrees northward, in a new 
 charter, granted to the Plymouth Council, in 1020. Several 
 voyages, undertaken l)y private persons, had been made during 
 the thirteen years which followed the failure of the colony at 
 Kennebec. Although the famous Captain John Smith was 
 
 i 
 
 wm 
 
 * See note B. 
 
r 
 
 1 
 
 ftf 
 
 1G8G.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. J A CO 15 I! A I LEY, 
 
 71 
 
 cnii;ago(l in two of iht'sc enterprises, yet nothing' was efrccted 
 ill llie wiiy of coloni/iiig the territory. A few persons, under 
 Richard N'ines, passed the winter of 1017, at the iiioiiih of 
 Saeo River, but a party of l^liigiish mutineers, who had l)eeu 
 set on shore in the succeeding year, found tliere no wliite 
 inliabitants, and were obliged to travel eastwiU'd, lill tli(>y 
 readied tlie island of iMonhegan, a noted fishing station for 
 the Europeans. 
 
 Thirieen years after Vines' short stay at 8aeo, two patents 
 were granted to him and others, of about eight stjuare miles, 
 on the banks of that river. The settlers on thesi* grants j)re- 
 served friendly relations with th(!ir savage neighbors, and 
 raised taxes for the support of religious worship, though no 
 clergyman seems to have been an ong them at the time, liut 
 in 1()3(3, Sir Ferdinando Gorges, who had obtained a grant of 
 all the territory in Maine, west of the Kennebec River, sent 
 over his ne|)hew, William Gorges, in the capacity of governor. 
 In the spring of that year, he opened a court in Saeo, and thus 
 established the first organized government within the limits of 
 the present State of INIaine. In the autumn, " a book of rates 
 for the minister, to be paid quarterly, the first payment to begin 
 at IMiehaelmas next," was drawn up, and the sum of ,£ol i-^.v. 
 was subscribed. The patent of this territory estal)lished ilie 
 Church of England, and gave the patentee the patronage of 
 all churches and chapels. Rev. Richard Giijsox, an E[)isco- 
 pal minister, was here at least as early as 1(537, and remained 
 on tliis side the ^Vtlantic seven years before his return, part of 
 which time was spent in Saco. It was in this |)lace, then, 
 that Episcopacy ..as first prnnanciilli/ established in the terri- 
 tory of Maine. But Gibson's labors, though given, perhaj)s, 
 at first, in a great degree, to Saco, became afterwards extended, 
 and tlie settlers at Richmond's Island, the Isles of Shoals, and 
 at Piseataqua, enjoyed the benefits of his ministrations. In 
 fact, he is known to have been the first minister of Ports- 
 mouth, N. II. He was drawn into a controversy with a Puri- 
 tan minister, of Dover, N. 11., who attacked him, and he after- 
 wards offered acknowledgments to jNIassaehusetts, and in 1(343 
 returned to England. The testimony of those who regarded 
 
 ! I 
 
 %'\l 
 
72 
 
 F 11 N T IF, R M I S S I () N A R Y 
 
 OR, 
 
 [IGGO. 
 
 
 11: 
 
 Ili(! i-Iiurcli of wliifli lie was a minister with no favorai)l(' fui'l- 
 inij[s, is, that ho was "a i^'ood schohir, a popuhir speaker, and 
 hi^^'liiy esleemed as a (lospel minister," by those among whom 
 lie lal)i)re<l. 
 
 A small island near the southerly shore of Capo Elizabeth, 
 had i)een granted by the IMymoiith Coiineil to two ])ersons, 
 who appointed Joim Winter to manage their interest therein. 
 It soon became a noted place for fishing, and the products of 
 the sea and forest were e\ehanued to so larcre an extent for 
 foreign commodities, that an 7*iUropean trade of some amount 
 grew up, and continued many years, 
 
 Kev. RoHi'.iM' .b)i:i>A\, a clergyman of the Church of l''ug- 
 land, married Sarah, the daugliti-r of this John Winter. It is 
 certain that Jordan olliciated during the first years of his resi- 
 dence on Ilichmond's Island, and, as he is termed an "itinerant 
 preacher to the j)eopU'," his labors, like those of (Jibsou, may 
 have; extended even to New IIam|)shire. The original grantees 
 of Richmond's Island evidently contemplated the regular per- 
 formance of divine W(>rship tlu're, according to the ritual of 
 the Church of I'^ngland, if not the erection of a church, for, in 
 the joint inventory lielween one of theiu and their agent, arti- 
 cles used in the Church service are enumerated, such as " Com- 
 munion vessels, cushions, etc." Jordan also exhibited a charge 
 against the estate of his father-in-law, in LGIo, "for my min- 
 istry, as by composition, one-half yesu', XIO." But Jordan's 
 life was destined to be a checkered one. The \vhole of llicli- 
 uiond's Island was awarded to him, as legal representative of 
 Winter, to satisfy a claim of the latter on the proprietors. 
 The territory in which his estate was situated, cliangcd owners 
 more than once, and Jordan became involved in the })olitieal 
 disputes arising from such iluctuations. We find him, at 
 various times, acting in a judicial capacity, appointed to his 
 otlice by the power which, at the time, held j)ossession of the 
 Province of JMaiue. That he did not entirely lay aside the 
 exercise of his ministerial ollice, appears from the fact that, in 
 IGGO, he baptized some children, " after the exercise was ended 
 on the Lord's day, in the house of Mrs. Mac Worth, in Fal- 
 mouth," for which he \> as surauionecl before the General 
 
1G77.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOD BAILEY. 
 
 73 
 
 Court of IMassiicliusolts, who Jihu) (isilled liiin to ixii account, 
 ill the succeeding year, for solcnuii/iiig a marriage. l'\)ur 
 years after, his iiouse was attacked by Indians, lie barely 
 escaped with his life, to (Jreat Ishmd, now Xew (.'astle, in 
 Piscatai|ua River, wliero he dii'd, in 1()7!), aged OS, leaving a 
 larg(! landed estate. 
 
 The territory of Maine, after many changes of ownership, 
 passed, by purchase, into the hands of the iKMghboring colony 
 of IMassachusetts, in 1077. Thenceforward, the religious 
 teachers encouraged in this Province were Puritans. 
 
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 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716)872-4503 
 
 
4' 
 
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 74 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY ; OR, 
 
 [1740. 
 
 li 
 
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 Il^l . 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 In 1749, the representatives of the original proprietors of the 
 Kennebec Purchase, witli otiiers who had joined them, held a 
 meeting, to take measures for the improvement of their prop- 
 erty. Four years after, a corporation was formed, by the 
 name of the " Proprietors of the Kennebec Purchase from the 
 late Coiony of New Plymouth,*' though this corporation is 
 generally called "The Plymouth Company.'' "^ 
 
 t"In tlie year 1751 ,:j: a number of (Jermans having arrived 
 in Boston, the Plymouth Company, as an inducement to them 
 to settle in their patent, olFered immediately to give each 
 family one hundred acres of land, in what is now called Dres- 
 den, to pay their passages from Boston, to advance them six 
 months' ])rovisions, and to build them a house of defence 
 against the Indians. The only conditions imposed upon the 
 settlers were, that each should clear five acres of land, and 
 build an house, twenty feet by eighteen, within three years. 
 These offers were accepted, and the descendants of those (icr- 
 maiis are yet to be distinguished in that neighborhood, by 
 their patronymic names." The plantation begun by these 
 people was called Frankfort. 
 
 The wars between France and England involved their res- 
 pective colonies in America, and the inlluence which the 
 former had obtained over the Indians, was used in exciting 
 them to attack the white settlers in Maine. As Richmond 
 fort had become almost ruinous, another was built, in 1754, 
 
 • See note C. 
 
 f History of the Kennebec Purchase, by R. II. Gardiner, Esq. — Maine Historical 
 ColUctions, II., Yi. 280. 
 
 + After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, some of the French went to Ger- 
 many, and with the Germans came thence to I'rankfort, on the Kennebec, from the 
 River Rhine. 
 
1749.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 75 
 
 about one and a half miles above it, on the opporfite side of 
 the river, and called Fort Frankfort, or Fort Shirley. To this 
 the inhabitants (led for securily, when alarmed by the Indians. 
 The circumstances of th(> people at Frankfort were extremely 
 straitened. They had been transj)orled to a region whose 
 winters are long, and generally rigorous, and they were obliged 
 to fell the enormous growth of timber which covered the 
 ground, before anything could be raised for the support of 
 themselves and their families. Unused to this kind of labor 
 in their native country, their attempts to cut down the forest 
 were awkward, and of course very toilsome. x\s it irmst be 
 long before they could raise their own food, and as they had 
 no means of renewing, in their new home, their clothing, when 
 worn out, they were, of course, doomed to a protracted and 
 severe struggle for the necessaries of life. It is evident, then, 
 that a provision for religious instruction was entirely beyond 
 their power. In fact, the whole of the jjresent State of Maine, 
 east of Brunswick, was at that time, and for some years after, 
 (with the exception hereafter to be named,) entirely desti- 
 tute of the services of a minister of any denomination. But 
 Popish emissaries were not idle. In KiOo, the expedition of 
 De Monts, (as before stated,) ascended the Kennebec River, 
 erected a cross, and took possession of the country in the name 
 of the king of France. In l()l!2, De Biencourt and Biart 
 visited the same river, and brought the natives to the profes- 
 sion of the Romish religion, and allegiance to the Fnmch 
 king.' Thirty-fourf years after, Drenillettes took up his abode 
 in this region, and olliciated in a chapel erected by th(.' Indian 
 converts. He was succeeded by the Bigots, father and son. 
 When Rallc was killed by the English forces, at the Indian 
 village of Norridgewock, in 1724, he had been their priest at 
 that place for a (juarter of a century. As the Jesuits were 
 well established in Canada, at the time of the death of Ralle, 
 and as the roi. >; from the St. Lawrence to the Kennebec was 
 well known to the Indians, and fre([uently passed over by 
 
 * Bancroft's History of the United States, I., 27. 
 t Bancroft's History of the United States, III., 13-5. 
 
r ' 
 
 70 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR. 
 
 [1754. 
 
 lii* 
 
 
 ■'•III i 
 
 4 
 
 thorn, emissaries of the Romish Church conkl, with little com- 
 parative dldiculty, find their way into the country where the 
 head-quarters of the Norridgewock tribe had formerly existed. 
 That these opportunities were not neglected, appears from the 
 following narrative : " On the Ith of January, 17-')4, Mr. Peter 
 Audron, a Jesuit, and missionary to the Norridgewock tribe, 
 arrived at Frankfort. * » Mr. Bunyon, one of the (Jerman, 
 or French settlers, accompanied the Jesuit to his habitation, 
 which was about three or four miles above Cushnoc, at the dis- 
 tance of half a mile from the eastern shore, and his house was 
 surrounded by a number of Indian wigwams. The French were 
 carrying on a settlement at Anondowincke, a remarkable situa- 
 tion, between the head of Kennebeck and Ammagantick Lake, 
 and, it Is reported, that the above-mentioned Jesuit was busy 
 among the French people, at PVankfort, to engage some of 
 them to remove, and, for their encouragement, he promised 
 each family two hundred acres of land, and some other advan- 
 tages ; but, with all his arguments and insinuations, he was 
 unable to prevail." * 
 
 The poor settlers at Frankfort, thus exposed to the arts of 
 Romish missionaries, and unable, themselves, to provide for 
 religious teaching, looked in vain to any in America to assist 
 them. No Protestant minister had ever been in the valley of 
 the Kennebec, of which wc have any account, save at George- 
 town, a settlement near the mouth of that river, and the last 
 clergyman had left that place t\ /o years previously, while there 
 was no prospect that the vacancy there would be supplied. 
 Nothing, then, was left to these neglected pioneers but to 
 apply to the benevolence of pious persons in England. In 
 this emergency, the people of Frankfort joined with those in 
 Georgetown, in petitioning the " Society for Propogating the 
 Gospel in Foreign Parts," to send them a missionary. This 
 petition, dated in 1754, states that they who signed it " are a 
 collection of Protestants, from Great Britain, Ireland, France 
 
 *Rev. J. Bailey's MSS. Williamson's History of Maine, II., 297. Both of these 
 authorities concur in stating that this visit of the Jesuit, with other facts, drew the 
 attention oi .he General Court of Massachusetts, and led to the renewal or erection 
 of forts, one of which was placed in the present town of Winslow. 
 

 If 
 
 m 
 
 1 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 1 
 
 'l';V 
 
 ■ 
 
 1 
 
 '> mm 
 
 li: m 
 
 
 
 im 
 
 ■■■1 
 
r 
 
 7^ 
 
 m 
 
 
 '■/ f^^'-S"i"f- 
 
 ! / 6'i'ff i)t' Hiiiihiiiiu roloiiy 161)/. 
 S Site nf Fmt Hirhmimil , l/l.t 
 3 .V* Johns I'hiii-ch , Pnwniilhnro ■ 
 
 if flo. (ii'nrijKtmvn, . 
 
 A'. B. T/w names' of plnie^' tire tkore 
 previa us to 17?!). 
 
 PART OF 
 
 M a Ij IN E 
 
 l'',*'^firii4 i-itkkartn 
 
IToG.] 
 
 LIFE or Ki:V. JACOB BAir.KY, 
 
 4 t 
 
 atid (''cniKiH//,''^ conipcllcd, by povcny, "to accept, ^'liully, a 
 SettlcuuMit, on Ww. FrtxitiiT of New l-iiii,Maii(I,"' who feci sensibly 
 the want of " the Adiiiiiiistnitioii of (Jixl's \V()rcl and Sacra- 
 ments, and their Chihlren niiisi l)e in evident. Danger of falling 
 into the grossest Ignorance and Irri'ligion, so as to bcconie an 
 easy Prey to the I'opish Missionaries in ihat Neighbonrhood, 
 unless the Society siiall send a Missionary to olliciate to and 
 instruet thein."' 
 
 The Abstract of the Society, for 17-''), states that '• (!ov- 
 ernor Shirleij, and other very worthy Persons, recouuiiending 
 Mr. MacclciKii^-luin, thai he had ])een for many Years a Dis- 
 senting Teacher, but was become a Convert to tlu; ("liiireh of 
 England^ as a proper l^-rson for this Mission, on account of 
 his uncommon Fortitude, and a Mind cheerfully disposed to 
 undergo the Dangers aiul Diliieulties to be expected in that 
 Mission, the Society, ]\Ir. Mdcclvnaglian having been received 
 into the Holy Orders of our Church, hath a|)pointed him their 
 Missionary to Geori^-e Toirit and Fraii/iforf, and to tli(> neigh- 
 boring Places on the Eastern Frontier of the Province of Alas- 
 sachusetts ]5ay.'' The annual stipend attached to this mission 
 was fifty pounds sterling. 
 
 In IMay, 175(5, Mr. Maeclenachan arrived at Kennebec, and 
 took up liis residence in F'ort Richmond. His family after- 
 wards joined him there. 
 
 But one report of Mr. iNIacclenachan to the Society has been 
 preserved. This is compiled from his letter to them, dat(}d 
 Richmond, August Otli, 1757. In this he speaks of his ''dili- 
 gence in preaching the rios[)el on comnK)n Days, as well as 
 the Lord's Day," and states that "the number of his Hearers 
 increases." He complains "that there is no Church, either at 
 George Town or Fran/ifort, nor (ilebe iu)r House prepared for 
 the Missionary, as was promised to the Society on his appoint- 
 ment; but that he had, to that time, resided in an old disman- 
 tled Fort, wonderfully, through God's mercy, preserved from a 
 merciless Enemy, to whom he is often exposed."' 
 
 Mr. Maeclenachan removed from his mission in DecemlxT, 
 
 %i 
 
 \l 
 
 1758.* A large territory was thus left without the services o 
 
 f 
 
 * See note D. 
 
i 
 
 78 
 
 FRONTIEU MISSIONAUV; OR, 
 
 [1700. 
 
 m 
 
 In; ' 
 
 
 i|r,: 
 
 any resident minister of any denoMiinution. The title of the 
 ineiual)ent of the C'liureh .Mission in this region was, "Itine- 
 rant Missionary on the Ivislern Frontier of IMassaelnisetts 
 Jiay." This frontier was indeterminate, both in lengtii and 
 breadth. It extended from the ocean, inch'fmitely, towards 
 C'anada, and from Ih'nnswick, as far east as any white people 
 eoiild 1)(! found. It was shortly after stated, by one who had 
 the means of knowing, to Ite "one hundred miles in length, 
 by sixty in breadth."' Few roads had been madi', and the set- 
 tlements being on the banks of rivers and the sea-coast, tlie 
 usual mode of travelling was by a canoe. At this time, and 
 in fact for many years after, county roads, connecting one 
 township with another, were; entirely unknown. In summer, 
 tilt! canoe held the place; of the wheeled carriage, while in 
 winter, the icy surface of the frozen river formed the principal 
 highway for the sleigh, and even for the ox-sled, with its heavy 
 load.' It is evident, that it would be beyond the power of any 
 one missionary to labor successfully in all parts of so large a 
 field. But he was lial)le to be called on for services, even 
 beyond the limits of the extensive region to which h(^ was 
 appointed. As the Church, in Portsmouth, N. II., was the first 
 to l)e uu>t with in travelling to Boston from these eastern parts, 
 the mission may be said, in some sense, to have embraced all 
 that was then settled of the present State of Maine. 
 
 There was, at that time, but one comity, that of York, whose 
 limits included all the territory east of Piscataqna River. On 
 the 19th of June, 17()(), two new counties were taken from this, 
 the more easterly one, the county of Lincoln, having Pownal- 
 borough for its shire Town. This town included the ancient 
 plantation of Frankfort, and its area was so large, that it was 
 afterwards divided into three towns.f In th(! succeeding year, 
 the Plymouth Company erected the necessary county build- 
 ings, one of which, the court-house, three stories in height, is 
 still standing, a conspicuous object to all who pass on the 
 Kennebec. 
 
 Mv. Bailey arrived in Powiialborough, July 1st, 17G0. He 
 
 
 * Sec note Da. 
 
 t Dresden, Alna, and Wiscasset. 
 
 I i 
 
17(51.] 
 
 LIFE or liEV. JACOB 15AILKY. 
 
 79 
 
 roproscnts the majority of \hc iiiliiibilaiits as rxtrcmcly poor, 
 and very ignorant, witliont llu; means of eiilier reliifioiis or 
 secular instruetion. lie resided, for llie first few months, in 
 tlie family of Capt., (afterwarils Major,) Samuel (uxxlwin, 
 who had been in the country a number of years, as a surveyor 
 and militarv oliieer. 
 
 fV ^ 'i wijJ j^'-^^' 
 
 
 
 But littl 
 
 [^'il■\v 111' the Ci)nvt-II()iiS'', I'(iwii;ill) irough, M linp.] 
 
 ■ is to be found touehina^ Mr. Bailey's 
 
 first 
 
 year s 
 
 labor as missionary. In a letter, (|)robably to Florentius Vas- 
 sall, V.M\., in London,) he says: "I have bi;en al)out two 
 months upon the s|iot, have travelled through most of the set- 
 tlemenls upon your patent, and been sixty miles up the iven- 
 ueljee. Frankfort is iu)w called Pownalborough, and has in it 
 one hundred and fifteen families.*' 
 
 After the court-house was built, in 17(5 J, it was used, for 
 many years, on Sundays, for the services of the Church. Pre- 
 vious to this, these services must have been held in the chapel 
 of Fort Richmond, and in private houses. 
 
 The inhabitants of Frankfort, in their petition* to the Ven- 
 
 
 * See note F-, for the petition entire. 
 
 ^1 
 
 ; !: 
 
irm 
 
 t ,i 
 
 80 
 
 r 11 N T IKK M I S S I () N A I? Y ; OR, 
 
 [171)2. 
 
 ci'iiblc Society, in IT'tH, for a missionary, stated that "tliry 
 have iv (il('l)o of 300 Aercs of i;oo(l Land, wliicli, with their 
 Contrii)ntions in Money, will nof amount to h'ss than Cr20. 
 Sterlin:;, /irr (iinuhn; and as soon as tliey enjoy the Blessiiii^ 
 of l*eaee, they will i)nild a ('hm'ch and Pars()nai^(! House, 
 and, in die mean lime, they can have Ric/niioiiil I'\)rt for an 
 House for ihe Minister, an<l the Chapel l)eh)ni,dnt( to it for 
 Divine Serviee, and the I"'arm around it for a (riehe,'' 
 
 Tlie peoph', from their poverty, wen^ unal)h! to perform the 
 nromises which were, no doubt, honestly made ; hut, in the 
 spring of I7()l, Mr. lliiley removed to Richmond, and received 
 a grant of the use of the land around the fort, to draw from it 
 whiit jjrofit he could. In August of this year, Mr. Hailey was 
 married to iNIiss Sally, fourth daughter of Dr. John Weeks, of 
 Hampton, N. H. The lady was much younger than himself. 
 She had been one of his scholars, when he was teaching in 
 the place of lu^r residence, and uiuch evidence yet remains 
 +hat he was very assiduous in his endeavors to implant in her 
 young mind the principles of morality and religion, as well as 
 to improve her intellect and refine her manners.* 
 
 In 170:2, Rev. Henry Caner, of Boston, wrotef to the Society: 
 "It is a great pleasure to me to hear, as I have repeatedly, that 
 Mr. Bailey, lately sent missionary to Kennebec, is highly use- 
 ful there, by his diligence, prudence, and exemplary conduct. 
 That country, though a frontier, jx'oples very fast. Had they 
 the happiness of two more such missionaries, one at the west- 
 ern, the other at the eastern l)oundary, as Mr. Bailey is in the 
 centre, the whole country would unite in one profession, with- 
 out any perplexing disputes, or dillering sentiments. But this 
 is a matter which must be referred to the wisdom of the So- 
 ciety." 
 
 From the report of Mr. Bailey to the Society, in 1762, we 
 learn, that a gentleman had presented to the parish a set of 
 Communion ware, and that the congregations were on the 
 increase, both at Pownalborough and Georgetown. He states, 
 
 I 
 
 * See note F. 
 
 t Original letter quoted in Hawkins' " Historical Notices of the Missions of the 
 Church of England," p. 231. 
 
1701.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB HAILET. 
 
 SI 
 
 tlitit the nnmhcr of commniiicaiits is already abovo fifty. " It 
 gives me great satisfaction," he continues, "to find Industry, 
 Morality and Religion, flourishing among a People, till, of 
 late, abandoned to Disorder, Vice and Profaneness, which Al- 
 teration is chiefly owing to the; Performance of Divine Service, 
 and those Pious Tracts, which the Society's Pious Care has 
 dispersed." He acknowledges "the Rcc«'ipt of a great Num- 
 ber (,f Catechisms and Conunon-Prayer Pooks, which will be 
 of great Service to the younger Sort, and Promote the Decency 
 of Divine VV\)rship." However, \\v complains, that "the; Mis- 
 sion is attended with great Disadvantages, from the Poverty 
 of the People, and tlu; Dilliculties of Travelling in the Winter, 
 when the Snow is sometimes Five or Six Feet deep for several 
 months. If a Missionary could be sent to Georg-c Toirn^ 
 ILirjtsv'i'//, and Places adjacent, it would lessen these Dillicul- 
 ties, and very much establish Religion among a People whom 
 he is obliged, in Winter, to leave almost destitute; besides 
 that, another Minister would give him an Opportunity to do 
 more service in the New Settlements, and upon the neighbor- 
 ing Rivers of S/ier/iscoft and Didiinrascofta.''^ 
 
 In connection with this, occurs the following record : " The 
 Society have also received a Petition from the Inhabitants of 
 (I'rorgc Town and IlarpsvcU, on Kenncbeck River, dated Dec. 
 11th, 1701, thankfully acknowledging the Society's charity to 
 them, to which it is owing, under God, that a sense of Religion 
 is j)rescrvcd among them;" and observing "that the large 
 Increase of a poor, industrious People, consisting of above 
 7,000 Inhabitants, (situated in a New Frontier Settlement, 
 with not one Ordained Minister of any Denomination except 
 Mr. Bailey,) obliges them humbly to request another Mission- 
 ary for this large District. This favor they particularly en- 
 treat for the Inhabitants of Gcorgr. Town and Harpsivelf, which 
 are about twenty miles from Pou'nal borough, where, and in the 
 neighborhood of which, Mr. Baileif finds so full Employment, 
 that he can afford the Petitioners but a very small Proportion 
 of his Service, and that to the Detriment of the Places contigu- 
 ous to his Settled Abode. In Hopes of this further Increase 
 11 
 
 iil 
 
 ii,: , 
 
 \l 
 
 
If ' 
 
 i." # 
 
 !l 
 
 
 9^' 
 
 82 
 
 r II N T I i: U M 1 S S 1 () N A u Y ; oil, 
 
 [17()o. 
 
 of tlic SocictyV Coinpiissioi), tlicy lisivc hcf^Miii to hiiilsl a 
 Cliureli, which is mow in <,'rt'iit I-'orwiinlnc-s, aiid (•ii<i[;i,v'r, in 
 their present h)W and hiboriiMis State, to give the .Missionary 
 the Society sliaii \n'. pleased to send, C2() Slerlin;.,' //rr Aiiiiiint^ 
 bnild liini a Parsonage Ih)ns<', and, as tiieir C'ircannstanees 
 enlarge, gives liiin, iVoni 'J'inie to Time, snch further cncoin-nge- 
 inent as may he Proof how highly they vahas the Jilessiiig 
 they now j)etition for." 
 
 This petition is accoin|)aniod by a h'ttcr from the l{ev. .Mr. 
 Cniicr, minister of the King's ('Impel, in Moslon, dated .lime 
 10th, 17()'2, certifying that, "the above is a faithful and modest 
 aceouui of the C.ondition of the I'eopje on Jxrnnrlitr/r River, 
 and especiidly at Crori^r. Toirii, where Mr. Ihitlcij's greati-st 
 Diligence is utterly insidlicient to answer the pressing \eces- 
 f^itics of that People in regard to the Mesuis of PnhlicU Wor- 
 ship, and begging such Astsistancc us their Circumritioices do 
 truly call for." 
 
 In ITtid, an Episcopal Church was formed in Falmouth, 
 now Portland, Maine. 
 
 Ijiii few materials remain for writing a detailed account i>f 
 Mr. Bailey's life during the ne.xt five years.' That he was 
 active and dev<.)ted to the duties of his Mission, appears from 
 his reports to tlu; Society, in which he gives ihe num!)er of 
 baptisms and of additions to the Comniuinon. In conse- 
 quence of the want of a parsonage, he became a teiiant of 
 others, and was obligi'tl to remove his family more than once 
 during this period, ami a larger part of the time he resided in 
 Richmond, while the services of the Chnrcli were performed, 
 and most of his parishioners resided in Pownalborough, on 
 the opposite bide of the river. 
 
 From the 2d volume of " The Works of .Tohn Adams," it 
 seems that ho made a journey to Pownalborough, in the sum- 
 mer t)f 17(j-'3. No mention is made of the obicct of this un 
 
 H)iu'- 
 
 u 
 
 ey. As Mr. Adams was then in the practice of the law, it is 
 to be presumed that his visit to these eastern parts might have 
 
 *Sce note Ci. 
 
 
nr.i).] 
 
 T.irr ov tm; V. j.vcon iiait, r.Y. 
 
 .*^:3 
 
 hccn, to Mttciid 1(1 some case to lie Jrird at llic tcriii >!' the court 
 !i(l(l ;il I'ownalhoroiiLjli. Mr. .\(l;ims, it will be I'l irmltcrcil, 
 \V!I< !l cliissiiiiitc of Mr. ]J. 
 
 Till- followiiiji; j'xiriict from w letter iuldri-ssed to Mr. IViiley, 
 and dated Hostoil. May 17tli, I7<>(i, is of interest, as eoneern- 
 ini; tlif' history of tlie ('linreji in \e\v l''.ii;^daiid : ' "I iniisl 
 inform vtm llial the ( "lerj^y of this and the iieiyhhoiirinLj 'I'l-wns, 
 liavini; l)e«'ii lOifeiJier some lime iif^o, ii|)oii a special oe( ision, 
 agreed upon a volimlary .imiiia! Convenlioii of the wht.je < 'ler:^'y 
 of thi-i Province, to which thi' r>ish()|> of London has since niveii 
 his Sanction. The day iippoliite.l for this yi'ar i-^ 'he lir-t 
 Wednesday in .rnne, on which day !" re will be a Serrnon 
 preached hefore them at ivinir's Cjiaj)!'! in this Town ; ;. which 
 you are doircd to he present, and to dine with ine af ef Ser- 
 mon. As yo\i have few op|)ortin, les of mee*:..<jf iii'd r, overs- 
 i.iii; with your l^rcthren, T dou!)t imt ;. mi A'ill clieeitul!y lay 
 liold of this, iind taio the heneiit o'" :h; hrotlierly cone pond- 
 ciice and advice which such an occasion atlbrds. 
 
 '' 1 am, Dear Sir, 
 
 '' Vom* allec. Bro. and liuud)le Servant, 
 
 " Jl. {"vM.H."' 
 
 In his letter to t!u,' Society, in ITtid, In- ma!u s the foliowing 
 i^tatcmcnt : " A great nnmhcr of Indians frccpicnt thi- Xi'i^li- 
 liourhood. Tli(>y 'i'"*' the llemains of the ancient .\i>rrii/^'e- 
 ird/i',- 'J'ribe, and lead a rambling Life, 'I'hey support ilicm- 
 ^clvcs cniiri'ly by hunting, are very savagi- in their !)|•e^s and 
 ?\Ianners, Inivij a Language of their own, but imivcr.-ally .--peak 
 
 * " Wc li;iv(.' uiiw to rciii.uk tlu' coiriiiiciK iMiuiit o'' cli'iirts t\ii- the l^itiii' iji,;:niiza- 
 tioii (if tlu' Climcli. It IkuI ';iHii (It'tcniiiiu'd hy the (•Ut','v, who I'olloWiil tlii' vin sins 
 of Dr. {'utlcr to the sjnivc, in 17()'), to h^ivc an aiiinnl convention at UoNton, with a 
 view to promote mutual love imd harmony amonu thi'nisclvcs, and to as>i>t •■ ich other 
 will) ailvire in ilitficult ciscs The jilni "as ai)iiro\c(l by llie l{i>liop oi' I^ou.lon, and 
 tho fir<t nicptiiiEC took jilace in June, I'li'' 'i'he apiiearanee of fourtt( ;■ cliv-jiynien, 
 vvalkiiis; in "heir s^owns and cassocks in ]irocession to Churih, was a novelty in America 
 at that time, and was calculated to create an impression of the ini])ort.inci <>l the 
 l)oily to which tlioy l)cloni;ed. Dr. C.mer, »vlio was appointed moderator, prendied tlie 
 first sermon in Kini^'s Chapel." f 
 
 t JIacsilchist, June 27, 170'). 
 
 //a/t'/ijHs' AJinsion-s ofthv Cliurr/i of I'.miland, \>. 2'Jl. 
 
 I 
 
 M 
 
 m, 
 
 ■P! 
 
r 
 
 rw 
 
 84 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1767. 
 
 lU' 
 
 ' ■ i 
 
 ■\ 
 
 I'ilf' 
 
 ' 
 
 . 
 
 'M i- 
 
 ' 
 
 ■ 
 
 , ■' 
 
 
 
 
 
 French, and alr^o profess the Romisli Religion, and visit Canada 
 once or twice a Year for Absolution. They have a great 
 Aversion to the En<j^Ush Nation, chiefly owing to the Influence 
 of Roman Catholick Missionaries, who, instead of endeavour- 
 ing to reform their Morals, comply with them in their most 
 extravagant Vice'<, and teach tiiem that nothing is necessary 
 to eternal Salvation, but to believe in the Name of C/irisf, to 
 acknowledge the Pope, his holy Vicar, and to extirpate the 
 English, because they cruelly murdered the Saviour of Man- 
 kind, lie concludes on«! of his Letters with a Detail of the 
 great Things Dr. Gardiner, a Physician of Boston, has done, 
 and is doing, for the Church of England in these Parts; par- 
 ticularly his generosity in giving the People o( Poirnalboruui^/t 
 the use of Richmond House and Farm seven Years, for IMr. 
 Baife//'s Improvement; his subscribing largely, and soliciting 
 a Subscription for building them a Church and Parsonage 
 House; his publishing, at his own Expense, an Edition of 
 Bishop Bcreridg'e\'i Sermon on the Excellency of the Common 
 Prayer, which has been dispersed to good Purpose; his inten- 
 tion to give a Glebe, build a Church and Parsonage House, 
 and endow it for the support of an Episcopal Minister, at 
 Gardner^ Town." 
 
 "From Sept. 2Gth, 1764, to Sept. 29th, 1765, Mr. Bailey 
 baptized 43 Infants and 3 Adults; and from Sept. 29th, 17()5, 
 to Sept. 23d, 17(56, baptized 38 Infants and 1 Adult ; and in 
 each Year had an Addition of 2 new Communicants." 
 
 The clergy of Massachusetts and Rhode Island met in con- 
 vention in Boston, June 6th, 1767. They drew up a report to 
 the Venerable Society, which contained notices of several 
 missions in those provinces. This report, which wa" dated 
 June 7th, concluded with an earnest appeal to tlie Society for 
 American bishops. Mr. Bailey signed this paper, with thirteen 
 others of his clerical brethren.* 
 
 Mr. Bailey wrote to his brother-in-law, Rev. J. Wingate 
 Weeks, Rector of St. Mich.ael's Church, Marblehead, Mass., 
 under date of November 13th, 1767, as follows : " I find the 
 
 * Hawkins' Historical Notices, etc., p. 39G. 
 
ITGT.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 85 
 
 treasurers at CJeorgetown are dcteriiiiiied to prevent ns from 
 drawing the rates belonging to the Chureli jK'oph*, unless we 
 can recover them by a hvw-suit. ]?y what I can lind out, there 
 are .£400 or .£500 already in their hands." 
 
 The original Presbvrerian. or Conijreffational Society, in 
 Georgetown, was destitute of a minister for thirteen years, 
 commencing with ll-'i'Z. During that time, it had been in- 
 debted to missionaries of the Church of England for all the 
 regular religious services which it enjoyed. 'J'he place was 
 especially included in the mission on the eastern frontiers of 
 Massachusetts Bay, and was visited by Mr. Bailey and his 
 predecessor, as often as was practicable. Indeed, Mr. Bailey 
 states that he had "frecjuently preached there, and adminis- 
 tered the Sacraments, and found the Dissenters so much in- 
 clined to the Church, that had they a Missionary resident, 
 they would probably come over to it." 
 
 Under such circumstances, the withholding of these rates, 
 contributed by the j)eople, to whom the town was indebted for 
 the ordinances of religion during a consideral)le part of so 
 long a time, seems to be inexcusable. 
 
 Under date of October oOth, 17G7, Mr. Bailey, in his report 
 to the Society P. (J., et,-., "expresses his Satisfaction to lind 
 that the poor People, who petitioned the Society for a Minis- 
 ter, continue steady to the Church, as do the poor Liilhirans 
 and Ca/i:iiiis(s, and most of the young Peojjle among the 
 other various Denominations. From Oit., 17()(), to Oc/.. !7(i7, 
 he baptized 31 Infants and 1 Adult, and had an Addition of 2 
 new Communicants.'' 
 
 The Secretary of the Venerable Society wrote Mr. Bailey, 
 towards the close of the present year, and stated that he had 
 been informed, by a person who had visited Pownalborongh 
 some months before, that the Church people in that town "had 
 not yet procured a house for him to live in, nor had hardly 
 done anything in pursuance of their engagements to the So- 
 ciety." He gives Mr. Bailey credit for "his great tenderness 
 for his people, in not /iaking any mention of this matter." 
 Fearing that this delinquency might have " put Mr. Bailey to 
 some dilliculties, and desirous to give him some present relief, 
 the Society ordered him a gratuity of Ten Pounds." 
 
 y\ 
 
 t: i 
 
 
 I 
 
 H 
 
 '' 
 
fs 
 
 il <: 
 
 
 86 
 
 F R o N T 1 1: 11 :\r T S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 rn()9. 
 
 In ilu! course of ihc next yoar, Mr. E.iiley roccivcd an invi- 
 tation to ri'move to Ani('sl)ury, Mass., and to take cliari^i' of 
 the Chnrch tliero. Many considerations must have cons|)ired 
 to induce Iiini to accept this invitation, yet he (]eci(h-d to re- 
 main in that remote rei^icn), arnoni^ the j)oor people to wlioin 
 he had niinislercd nearly eii;ht years. 
 
 T!ie Kev. William Willard Vvh(>eler entere.l v.pan (he Mis- 
 .sion in (ieori^etown, dnrinji; the summer of this year, and thus 
 
 relieved Air. Bidlev of 
 
 ■ onH> ( 
 
 )f the l;il)or imposed upon him, 
 
 in visiting and ollicialing at a place some miles from his resi- 
 
 tlencc. 
 
 Some measures appear to liave been talvcn, in 1709, towards 
 the erection of a ('hnrcSi in T'ownalhororigh. I^r. Silvester 
 Ciardiner interested himself much in the enterprise. lie solic- 
 ited su!)scriptions, and liini,--clf contributed largely. In a let- 
 ter to .Afr. I>ailey, accompanying tli' plans, Dr. (Jardiner says 
 of the proposed building: " It will !)e oin\ of the prettiest in the 
 Province, and not expensive, and a bigger one you can't build." 
 
 The prospect of the erection of a Clmrch in Pownalborough, 
 seems to have excited th(> opposition of a few of the citizens. 
 The following letter sunicienllv ex|)Iains itself: — 
 
 " PowN-Ar.nouoicn, March '^Ist, ITHO. 
 
 » To Her. JL: lVa//n: Bos/on : 
 
 "Dkak Sir: — The bearer of this l(>tter, !\Ir. Tlidall, v/as edu- 
 cated a TiUtheran, but has, for some yeiu's pa>t, been a com- 
 municant in 1h(- Church of Kngland. He ai)pcarcd well 
 allected to our worship, till fh(> Dissenters lately insinuated 
 that the constitulion, discipline and wor>hip <:f the TiUlherau 
 Church agree almost exactly with the Jndcpendants of this 
 country, and are in no respect like the Church of iMigland. 
 He cannot read Eniflish, but vmderstands Clerman vcrv well, 
 and by perusing some authors in that language, declares him- 
 self satisfied with the Church, but entreats the favor that you 
 would, i)y a line, signify which is nearer to the jjutherans, the 
 Independants, or the Church of England, that he may show 
 it for the s.itisfaetion of his countrymen here, who are willing 
 to abide by your determination." 
 
1771.] 
 
 T. I F i: o Y n V. V . J A V o r, n a i l e y 
 
 8' 
 
 'JMic building of ilic cliuix-Ii was dflayctl from some inu'x- 
 plaiiK'd cause, and il was not liiiislicd lill tliu autumn of llie 
 sufcci'dinir year. Mr. IJailvy writes, under date of Novemljer 
 '"/ill, ITTO: " We jierformed service yesterday in oiu" new 
 Chureli. The outside is eonipletely (inisiied, the v, nidows 
 glazed and |)ut up, the lloor laid, and a temporary pu!j)il built. 
 I bad a. full eongreg'ition, and gave them a discourse iVom 
 ]v-clesiastes v. 1 and '2 \vy>v<." The church was called St. 
 John's Church, Powualborough. Fn writing lo the yociety in 
 iMi^land, he savs : " '['!ie dimensions of the Chureli ;u-e sixty 
 feet in length, ineluding the chancel, ;ind thirty-two feet in 
 breadth. 1 acknowledge nol, only th(( genero-ity of i)r. (lar- 
 diner, but also the charitable assistance of several gen;le;iien 
 in .Alarblehead. ;aid other places. *< ,. 1 have received no 
 support, except, the Society"-; salary, fva' two years pasi, and 
 have, besitles, been at consiilerable expense in forwarding ihe 
 Church." And again, s|)eaking of the Church, he stales ihat 
 "they were unu'h obliged for it to ihe liberality of i.)r. (Jard- 
 incr, wln> gave X.')() slerlinj^^ towar(!s it. lie has also l)uili a 
 Church at (Jardiner's Town, nine miles up ilu; river, upon ihe 
 banks of which iU'c near oOl' families, destitute of ihe public 
 worship." 
 
 The Church at Pownalburough was, at this time, only liiied 
 temporarily for j)ublic Vvorship. The pews were afierwards 
 erected. On ilic ITili .March, ITTi, .Mr. l^ailey wrote lo i)r. 
 Gardiner: "I would submit to your consideration, wlieiiier it 
 may not be jiroper to have something done to our Aliar place, 
 (sic,) that the Sacrament may be administered wilh grealer 
 decency. You doubtless recollect, that when I waited noon 
 your Chmxh Conmuttee at Mr. Powell's, Mr. (lilljcrt J)el)lois 
 promised that lu; would give us a Christening Basin antl \'es- 
 sels for the Communion. Would it be auuss to remind him 
 of it ! " 
 
 Late in tin; f;dl of this year, Mr. Bailey writes: '• We havc3 
 been removetl into tin; parsonage-house this fortnight, and 
 have one rv)om already very comfortable. We have been 
 obliged lo board the workmen, and must still keep them till 
 they hav(> dt)ne another room, and secured us from tlu; wea- 
 
 m : 1 
 
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 r 
 
 lU 
 
 w. ■■ 
 
 W : i 
 
 
 
 1 ,:'. 
 
 
 1' ■' 
 
 
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 88 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1771. 
 
 tlicr." In another letter, he feels called upon to mention the 
 "kiiulness of the peoph; since my settlement among them,'' 
 i. e., removal into the parsonage-house, "for yon must under- 
 stand that I lived, heretofore, out of the Parish." 
 
 The Memoir of Mr. Bailey has now been brought up to 
 what may, perhaps, be considered as a turning point in that 
 part of his life which was passed on the Kennebec. We have 
 presented but a l)rief sketch of his iiistory dnring the first 
 eleven years of his Mission. This brevity has been caused by 
 the absence of any very striking events dnring this time. But 
 an opportunity is allbrded, at this stage of his history, to take 
 a general view of men and tilings around him, from the time 
 of his coming. The materials for this view are to be found, 
 mainly, in one of his MSS., written, probably, in 1771. It is 
 entitled, '" Some Account of the first Mission on Kennebec 
 River, with various transactions relative to the same, since my 
 arrival, in 17()0. In a letter to a friend." 
 
 Si)eaking of the condition of tlie inhabitants in these east- 
 ern regions, when he first came among them, Mr. Bailey says: 
 " The people were thinly settled along the banks of rivers, in 
 a country which aflbrded a rugged and disagreeable prospect; 
 ^vere, in general, so poor, not to say idle, that their families 
 almost sullered for necessary food and clothing, and they lived 
 in miserable huts, wliich scarce allbrded them slielter from the 
 inclemencv of the weather in a rigorous climate. And their 
 lodgings were rather worse than food, clothing, or habitations. 
 I might here add many affecting instances of their extreme 
 poverty, — that multitudes of children are obliged to go bare- 
 foot throngh the whole winter, witli hardly clothes to cover 
 their nakedness, — that half the houses were without any 
 chimneys, — that many people had no other beds than a heap 
 of straw, — and whole families had scarce anything to subsist 
 upon, for months together, except potatoes, roasted in the 
 ashes. 
 
 " Now, is it probable, that the inhabitants of such a wilder- 
 ness country, in such necessitous circumstances, and so far 
 distant from any large town, or cultivated region, should find 
 means, either to sujjport the Gospel, or to provide proper 
 
 
1771.] 
 
 LIFE or REV. JACOl^ BAILEY. 
 
 8J) 
 
 jiistnu^tion for their cliildirn? Ursidcs, lliosc who were l)oni 
 and cduciitcd in th('s(> remote jjiirts, were sso littk' iie(|iiaiiited 
 with any relii^ious worship, iind liad so K)ng enjoyed tlieir 
 native ignoranee, that they diseovered hardly any inclination 
 for rational or moral improvement. It is trne, that these j)eo- 
 ])le had either l)een bronght np, heretofore, where the Christian 
 relii^ion had been enjoyeil, or were horn of sueh parents as 
 acknowledged the (Jospel; hut how many mehmcholy in- 
 stances have I ohsi'rved of this trnth, — the impressions of 
 religion and morality will qnickly grow faint, or entirely vanish, 
 where neitlier schools or Divine service are maintained. 'J'his 
 I most positively allirm, that when J came to this conntry, 
 there was no settled minister of any denondnation in the 
 whole extensive ti'rritory. I found Cln-istians of eight dill'er- 
 cnt jxa'suasioiis ; multitudes coidd neither read nor write; 
 heads of families were nnbaptized ; some had a very weak and 
 imjxn'foct nt)tion of a future state, and fancied that they should 
 enjoy their wives and children in another world ; many, 1 may 
 aild, most hous(>s were destitute of jjibh's, or any t)ther b(.)oks; 
 they had no settled principles; aiul, in short, their morals were 
 extremely deficient. * * * * I would therefore ask- all 
 sober, candid, and impartial Christians, whether a pet)ple, so 
 much under the dominion of poverty, ignorance and inmio- 
 rality, were not i)roper objects t)f charity, and whether the 
 Society for Propagating the (lospel in T'oreign Parts has done 
 any injury ])y supporting a Mission for so many years, and for 
 dispersing, by my hands, Bibles and other pious l)ooks, to the 
 amount of above X'-ii) sterling, prime cost, in London? *^ * 
 " And, ] would further rennu'k, that, as no other worship 
 has ever been established at Franlifort, but thai of the Eng- 
 lish Church, it cannot be removed without prejudice to the, 
 foreigners, as well as the chiklren and yomiger people, who 
 have been constantly used to our service, and, as many of them 
 caimot read English, they are incapable of understanding, so 
 as to profit by any other. I am conscious that my intentions 
 in coming among this people, were to servi> them in the ])est 
 manner I was able, and I Hatter myself that in many instances 
 they have received some advantage. I have ever compassion- 
 12 
 
 
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 "M n 
 
 • 
 
 l.uUL^;. J 
 
 90 
 
 FRONTIER ^r I S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1771. 
 
 atetl their poverty, and liave been f*o far from malving any 
 demands upon them, that I have shared with them in many 
 hardships and dilliculties. As to the French and Dutch, I 
 have found tl)em, in general, a sober, honest and industrious 
 set of people; and, notwitiistanding some have been indncc^d 
 to sign for a Meeting, yet they all, except one or two Calvin- 
 ists, declare that they had rather adhere to the Chiu-ch, and 
 besides, they acknowledge that their ministers, when they left 
 Germany, strongly recommended their joining, if possil)le, 
 with the Chnrch of England. It appears, upon the whole, 
 very hard, and is just matter of complaint, that in a land of 
 religious liberty, and under a government where all religions 
 are tolerated, any should be teased and persecuted on account 
 of their j)articuiar modes of worship. Yet this is really the 
 case at Pownalborough ; for, can a poor, ignorant man be at 
 liberty to act his sentiments, when he is continual'y persuaded, 
 entreated, reasoned with, and perhaps threatened by a gentle- 
 man of learning, wealth and inllaence, to whom he may pro- 
 bably be indebted ? 
 
 " As I observed before, upon my first arrival in this country, 
 I found no settled minister, and not only a great deal of igno- 
 rance, but a considerabh; degree of backwardness and iudisj)o- 
 sition to attend Divine service among people of every denomi- 
 nation. This was i)artly owing to the dilliculty of travelling, 
 partly to the want of decent clothing, but chielly, I conceive, 
 to the want of a due sense of religious worship, for such as 
 had been used to spend the Lord's day in idleness and loiter- 
 ing at home, could not suddenly prevail upon themselves to 
 reform, especially as there was some dilliculty and expense in 
 the alVair. Few had, however, much to object against tlic 
 Church of England, and I was frecpiently assured, by tlu; old- 
 est and most religious settlers, that if Missions were estab- 
 lished at convenient distances, especially upon Kennebec 
 Eiver, in such a manner as people might generally attend ser- 
 vice, that it would meet with ahuost universal acceptance, and 
 conduce greatly to serve the interest of religion and morality. 
 These sentiments, so often proposed, together with the increas- 
 ing demand for my labors, induced me to write in favor of 
 
1771.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 01 
 
 new [Missions, and at length one was ("stablislied at (Jeorgc- 
 town. While I resided at l<'rankt\)rt, I observed, with concern 
 and compassion, that the French and Dutch children were 
 likely to be brought up in ignorance, for want of a school. 
 This induced me to otVer to instruct them gratis, but travel- 
 ling was then so very dillicnlt, and many wen^ in such neccf*- 
 sitous circumstances, that I had but a very few scholars, and 
 when winter came on, nothing of this kind could be continued, 
 and iii the spring, I was obliged to change my lodgings, and 
 reside at Richmond, on the other side of the river. The lirst 
 summer of my iNIission, I oliieiatcd at (ieorgetown every third 
 Sunday, and was constrained to endure a great deal of hard- 
 ship and fatigue, being obliged to travel by water no less than 
 eighteen miles. Once, I rememi)er, on the last of November, 
 after being eight hours on the water, in my way to ( Jeorge- 
 town, without anything either to eat or drink, it was my mis- 
 fe)rtune to be lost in tlie Vv'oods, where I was exposed all night 
 in the open air to a most severe storm of wind, rain, thunder 
 and lightning. And commonly, in my journeys to and from 
 Georgetown, I sullered a great deal with Ininger, cold and wet, 
 and in the summer, was often alllicted with extreme heat, and 
 assaulted with armies of (lies and musketoes. Sometimes, 
 for a whole season together, I have been obliged to undertake 
 this little, but dillicnlt voyage, alone, — have had the misfor- 
 tune to be cast away by tlie violence of winds and waves, and 
 to travel, for miles together, through the woods, over rocks and 
 precipices, with my books and habit, having nothing to eat 
 from morning to night. I think every one must acknowledge 
 that it required no small degree of resolution, prudence and 
 patience, as well as strength of constitution, to conduct mat- 
 ters properly among such an ignorant and unsteady people, 
 and to go through the fatigues of travelling in such a rough 
 and wilderness country." 
 
 Had Mr. Bailey been obliged to contend only with the igno- 
 rance of the poor people among whom he was settled, he 
 might have pursued his arduous labors with some satisfaction. 
 Like others, who have addressed themselves to the work of 
 extending the Gospel to those who were benighted, he would 
 
WTT' 
 
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 r R o N Ti i: R :\n s s T o x a r y ; or, 
 
 [1771. 
 
 liavo Ix'on clK^orcd with tlic rvidcMit, tli()n!j:1i jXM-liaps gradual, 
 iiiiprovcmcnf of tlio snhjcfts of liis clian^a-, and lie could dio 
 content, in the consoionsncss of having labored in the early 
 stages of !i work, which others might hv. privileged to carry on 
 towards jx-rfection. TFe could look for an increasing nttacli- 
 niont on the part of those for whosc^ benefit he had sacriliced 
 so much, and feel that ho would l)e loved while livitjg, and 
 that his mcinory wonld be ri'vered when ho was di>ad. 
 
 JJut the csfablisluneiit of the conrls in Pownalborongli, in 
 17(51, introduced a new clement into the society of the place. 
 The sliiro town bocume the temporary or settled n^sidonce of 
 the comity ollicers, and gentlemen of the legal |)rofession. 
 This at once created an aristocracry, small indee'd in nnml)ers, 
 but of controlling inlhience. In education, ])roi)erty, and 
 power, these ])ersons had immensely the advantage of the 
 poor settlers. True, the minister was entitled to rank with 
 this class. If he could, consistently with his duty, tlrinlc and 
 act with thoni, his situation would b(^ |>leasant. But if he felt 
 ol)liged to diller from them, they could render his situation 
 very uncomfortable. 
 
 We should bear in mind, as accounting, in some degree, for 
 what is to follow, that the scene of the transactions was on 
 the c.f/rnni/i/ of the; then Province of Massachusetts, and that 
 from the dilliculty of travelling in those days, it was further, 
 ])ractica]|y, from Boston, than it now is from the capital of the 
 nation. 
 
 This rcrnotcnoss from communities of greater advancement, 
 which almost amounted to isolation, j)ermitted ;i great abuse 
 of power. Amid the ])ovi'rty which so generally j)rcvailed in 
 this region, few would dare to oppose, in any way, the wishes 
 of men of wealth and inilnence, to whom, perhaps, many were 
 indebted for supplies for their families, and who, having a part 
 in the administration of the law, might hiirass and even ruin 
 an obnoxious individual. Mr. Bailey found this to be true. 
 It was his misfortune to incur the ill-will of some of these 
 olFicials. Two, in particular, distinguished themselves by their 
 enmity to him. One of them was excited mainly, no doubt, 
 by the other, who, it would seem, left but little untried io ruin 
 
1772.] 
 
 LIFE OF RFV. JAfOB BAIT.FY. 
 
 nn 
 
 Mr. ]?ailoy, and to I)roak np tlic C'lmrch in tliiit r('ij;ioii. Tlir> 
 vriDics of lliorH' persons will not bt* j^ivtMi. In withholding thi'ir 
 niinics, thn writer i.s aware that there is no want of |)rovocatioii 
 to a (lifFerent course. Tlu; ronduet of the persons s|)oken of, 
 while it distressed the missionary in tliis region, had of neces- 
 pity no small elVeet on the interests of the Church. As it will 
 be necessary, freipiently, to refer to these persons, vre shall 
 designate the ])rincipal as M. and his subordinate as N. 
 
 Mr. Ijailey riMxirds some of the doings of .M. in his journals. 
 lie brings charges against him of ungentleinanly and even 
 indecent conduct, and of oppression, in his letters to his cor- 
 respondents, some of whom, at least, were accpiainted with the 
 subject of these charges, lie makes distinct statements re- 
 specting this man in his reports to the Society for Propagating 
 the (iospel in Foreign Parts, and complains grievously of him 
 by name in a memorial addressed to the Convention in Boston, 
 in 1772. Not a lino is found among Mr. JJailey's j)apers, 
 which tends to show that his opinion of M. was a mis1ak(Mi 
 one. Those of his correspondents who jxjssessed the means 
 of correcting these statements if they were erroneous, make no 
 attempt to do so, and the inference is that they were correct. 
 Mr. Bailey says, in " A Letter to a friend," cVc, which has be<>n 
 before cjnoted : " x\.s I j)rese!itly fountl that M. still professed 
 himself a Dissenter, I seldom entered into any controversy 
 with him about our diilerent persuasions, and he as cautiously 
 avoided beginning any dis|mte with \nv. He used sometimes 
 to attend Divine Service, but more frcMpuMitly tarried at home, 
 and when he attended, commoidy behaved with a great deal 
 of irreverence, esjiecially at prayers." * * * * " I liad, 
 presently, suflicient evidence that he used all his endeavours to 
 prejudice the iiunds c)f the people against the services of the 
 Church, that he condemned several parts as directly contrary 
 to Scripture, and made an open ridicule of others, which he 
 was not able to confute. And when I received a number of 
 Common Prayer Books from the Society, he took the liberty 
 to scratch out several sentences in all that he could procure to 
 his hands." * * " From the beginning, as I have already 
 observed, he was very negligent in his attendance upon public 
 
 :ii 
 
 I !,i 
 
 :■ ri. 
 
 iili-*.l 
 
FT 
 
 94 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1772. 
 
 I i 
 
 : ( 
 
 worship, and wlioii pr(»sent, lie generally hi'Iiavod with t,'roat 
 indecency, contrivinj^', l)y a iiiultitiule of boyish triciis, to make 
 thcMvoiTien smile; and sometimes hehastaivcn a primer, instead 
 of a Prayer liook, and read out of it with an audible voice. 
 M. was always extremely Indnstrions in prociirinj? from 
 Boston, aud other jjlaees, all the little, dirty pieces that have 
 apjieared against the (^hurch of England, esj)ccially ' The 
 Dissenting (Jentleman's Answer to Mr. White's three Letters,'* 
 the very title of which allVighted simple peo|)le from the ('hiirch, 
 and prevented them from attending the service. Theses books 
 he used to recommend and put into the hands of all disail'ected 
 persons." * * « " INIaiiy low, dirty, and scandalous ri'iiiarks 
 have been written by this gentleman, both in the great IJible 
 and Common Pravcr Book, used in Divine service. Instead 
 of nuiney, i\I. used often to put into the contribution box, soap, 
 scraps of paper, news letters, and once a pack of cards. It is 
 to be observed that all this was done before the least diHerenee 
 subsisted between us. I bore all this, with many ])ersonal 
 reflections, without expressing the least resentment, either to 
 him, or to any other person." * * " i\I. took the liberty of 
 dispersing several C.'onunon Prayer Books, without my knowl- 
 edge, having first corrected them agreeable to liis taste, and 
 when I afti'rwards reproved him for the liberty he had taken 
 with me, l>oth in a public and private capacity, he replied that 
 he had treated me just as I deserved, and as for those things 
 he had eras(!d from the Prayer Book, they ought not to be in 
 it. This he attended with a loud and contemptuous laugh ; 
 but these were but the beginnings of that temper and disposi- 
 tion of mind he has since discovered. lie has laboured all in 
 his power to ruin uiy interest, to prevent my usefulness amoiig 
 the people ; he has unjustly and falsely wounded my re|)uta- 
 tion ; has been contriving to make the most fatal mischief in 
 my family, and labouring to stir up lawsuits against me. And 
 that he might uiore ellectually accomplish his iniquitous de- 
 
 * This work must have had a wide-spread circulation, since the llcv. Devcreux 
 Jarrat states that at the time his attention was turned towards the ministry of tiie 
 Church of England, this book was put into his hands, in Virginia, the place of his 
 residence. 
 
 f 
 
1772.] 
 
 LIFE or UEV. JAfon HAILEY. 
 
 or, 
 
 siij;iis, (lid, in my absnico nt Cli'ori^ctowii, open my desk, Jiiid 
 take out divLTri ptipcrs, which h(! spread abroad with invidious 
 remarks and comments, to my great damage. As to N., ho 
 was once a communicant, hut it appears at the instigation of 
 JNI., has h'ft the pul)iiek worship for several years, and, though I 
 have frecinentiy written to him with the utmost complaisance, 
 and signilied my earnest desire after a reconciliation, yet lie 
 still continues inexorable, and treats both me and my letters 
 with tlu! utmost contetiij)!, Upon the whole, f am fidly con- 
 vinced that the above '.nentioned genlh'men have always, 
 notwithstanding their j)retensions, been enemies to the Church ; 
 have, in artful manner, plotted against the Society's Mission, 
 and secretly endeavoured to banish that generous bounty from 
 these parts." 
 
 " I have never received any salary from the people. My 
 penpiisites, such as marriages, contributions, \c., have not 
 amounted, take om; year with another, to M-'O, old tenor, and 
 the last two years they have iu)t been :C:20, In-sides j)resents 
 from particular persons, which is not so much as I have to pay 
 for house rent. I had, indeed, the improvement of Richmond 
 Farm, through the bounty of Dr. (iardiner, for seven years, 
 but the inhabitants of Pownalborough, especially people of 
 su])stance, almost destroyed the whole profit by large ilroves 
 of wild horses and cattle, which no fenoe could resist which 
 we were able to make. And though Mr. MacClennachan was 
 paid for the pasturing of creatures, I never had but one 
 dollar, which a poor man gave me, while my rich neighbours 
 never afforded me a farthing, even when their cattle had de- 
 stroyed both my hay and garden. Every winter since my 
 arrival, there has been a proposal on foot for building a meet- 
 ing-house, though they were never able so much as to begin, 
 before the present year, and all the success of their proceedings 
 is now owing to the false and malicious representations of two 
 or three gentlemen. * * I have long been convinced, by the 
 proceedings of our gentlemen, that it piques their pride to have 
 any other minister than one of their own choosing ; they are 
 really too self-suflicient to receive one, even from the most 
 respectable and judicious body of men, and are above 
 
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 I" u o N r 1 1; u M I s s I (I N A H V ; o u , 
 
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 uckiiDwIi'd^'lii^ llii'iii-clvcs iinlchtnl tit any Society of Clirist- 
 iiiiis for till' Mi|)|)i»rt of their relif^'ioMs wor-^liii). I imi.-l add, 
 that hulii \. ami .M. have h)llg t'Iii|)li»yed all tlieii' ililliieiiee 
 niid aullionty, to prevent i);'(i|)le iVoni attending' Divine Servii-e, 
 cspei-ially the latter, who |)rohil)its jus servants from corMing 
 to eliureh. And tlii'v not only eonlrixc means to hinder others, 
 lail liaxc practieed a iiiiillilude of strataju;enis to keep pie a1 
 home, since I moved over to the we-tern side of the river, !)y 
 di'tainini;: every I'oat and canoe tliev can 'm-\ into their imwer. 
 And especially last Ivaster, lliat I miijhl not he al)le to olliciate, 
 they came the Wechiesday hefore, with a ninnln'r of men and 
 cattle, hroke two locks, seized a canoe in my care, and carried 
 it oil", it heini,' the only one on this side (it to lannch into the 
 Avater when the river openi'd. IJut it is dhservahle that our 
 common people were never disposed to follow the example of 
 (.)in" gentlemen ; they were, on the other hand, ahimdantly mon; 
 kind and generons after their i-mnity l)eii[an, and more constant 
 in their attendance on pnhliek worship. A!y I'ongri'gation, in 
 "ood wt'ather. has been near a third lar-'cr since ho ahovi; left 
 going to chnrcli. In a woril, 1 am pcrsnadi-d that these gen- 
 tlemen had, from the beginning, a s(Mtled design of driving 
 away the .Mission from I'ownalborongh, and in t)rdi>r to ellect 
 this meritorious design, they have stuck at nothing, howi-ver 
 luijust, fe.lse anil injurious; hut as this could not easily be 
 aecom|)lishcd, my charai-tcr and inlluence must be sacrificed 
 to their favorite views." 
 
 Mr. Jiailey had hardly removed into the i)arsonage-honse, 
 (wliicli was oidy partially linished.) when M. claimed the hind 
 on which both the parsonage and the church were built. He 
 "proceeded so far as to threaten the people if they went to 
 church ; he declared that he wntuld build a chimney in it, (i. e., 
 the church,) and phiee a tenant on the land.'' TIk; origin of 
 this claim is somewdiat obscure. xVs near as can now l)e as- 
 certained, it seems to have been this: A person who had 
 been an ollicer in the Church at Pownalborough, and whoso 
 general conduct, both before and after this transaction, ap|)ears 
 to have been friendly, claimed the land, as administrator of 
 the estates of some persons deceased. This is the more re- 
 
 f^J 
 
17T'2.] 
 
 LITE OF 11 Kv. J A con hailkv. 
 
 })7 
 
 markahlo, as INIr. liailcy says not only that "Dr. Ciardiii'^r put 
 Uic ill possession of tlu' land al)ov(' two years since," l)iit that 
 the a(hninistrator al)ovo referred to, "on my first arrival, 
 showed me this tract, as the parsona^e-h)t, employed pi'oph; 
 th(^ next year to work on it as such, and gave me leave to have 
 the hnildings erected n|)on it." How the claim was translerred 
 to ,M. docs not appear. Hnt when it passed into his hands, 
 he lost no tiiiK! in his cH'orts to obtain the land. A suit at law 
 for its possession, instituted by M., was decided in his i'avor, 
 and judii;mont was obtained. Dr. (Jardiner was written to on 
 the subject, who replied: '"July -2:2(1, 177:2. • • If they 
 serve an Execution it is at their peril, and don't resist the 
 ollicer, but go to lodgings, leaving everything in the house 
 
 • iiul you. Remember what T now write; if they serve an 
 Execution on your house, or the Church, you will make the 
 best voyag(; you ever did in your life, for they and all their 
 coadjutors can never make; the land where the Church and 
 
 your house stands to be, or ever was, any part of 's estate, 
 
 more than they can prove the sun to be green cheese: there- 
 fore I beg to hear no more of this allair, until you are carried 
 by the sheritl' out of the house, and then I will see justice 
 done ])oth to you and the Church; but this, you may depend, 
 will never be attemijted."' 
 
 i\reanwhile, the members of the congregation became 
 alarmed that the church and parsonage, whicii had been 
 obtained with so much exertion, (and, as Mr. Bailey says, by 
 great sacrifices on their part,) should be jilaced in a situation 
 apparently so perilous. Inlluenced, probably, by their api)re- 
 liensions, Mr. Bailey, being threatened by JNI., concluded to take 
 a lease of him for six months, which was afterwards renewed 
 for three months longer. Mr. Bailey undoubtedly believed 
 that this course was the most expedient for him to take. But 
 it unfortunately excited the anger of Dr. Gardiner. The mat- 
 ter was brought even before the Convention of Massachusetts, 
 and caused some angry debate, but was finally dropped. Mr. 
 Bailey states, most explicitly, that he acted under the advice 
 of judicious lawyers in this matter, who, as the case then ap- 
 13 
 
 !!' 
 
 .'; I-; 
 
 I 
 
 Hll 
 
WfV 
 
 5' M I 
 
 1%' ■■ 
 
 I: 
 
 * .' 
 
 * 
 
 Ifji i ■ I 
 
 98 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1772. 
 
 peared, tlu^nglit that lie could not, on an appeal 1o a higher 
 coiu't, get the jiidginent reversed. A more accurate survey, 
 afterwards, showed that "the Church and thh'ty-five acres of 
 land were without the limits of the administrator's claim; the 
 parsonage-house was found to be on land of which ]\I. gav(5 
 him no lease,*' while the grant from the I'lynioulh Company 
 was not included in the tract claimed by INI. The mailer was 
 shortly after settled by the instrumentality of Dr. (Jardiner, and 
 the tiile to the glebe was not again disputed. 
 
 Whether or not jM. was honest in his part of this business, 
 cannt)t now l>e decided. The allair, however, gave Mr. J>ailey 
 much uneasiness, and seemed, at one; time, to be likely to be 
 fatal to his j)rospects. There were not wanting circumstances, 
 however, to encourage him, for he reports to the Society "that of 
 the forty-nine ))ersons baptized in the year 177:2, twenty-one had 
 belonged to the families of rigid Dissenters. On Trinity Siuulay 
 I had live n(>w Conununicants, all educated Presbyterians."' 
 
 Rev. William W. Wheeler resigned his INlissioii in G(v)rge- 
 town in the spring of 1772. This not only deprived Mr. Bailey 
 of the occasional counsel . , -^ assistance of the only Church 
 minister in Maine, but threw the whole burden of that iMission 
 again upon him, from which he had been relieved during the 
 four y(>;u-s' incumlx'ncy of INlr. Wheeler. 
 
 Rev. William Clailv, Rector of St. Paul's Church, Dedlnun, 
 Mass., wrote Mr. Bailey, under date of July 10th, 177:2, with a 
 view of obtaining the parish at Georgetown. Mr. C. was 
 induced to think of this on account of the "support of the 
 Mission" at Dedham, being, at that time, "too scanty,'' and 
 likely thus to remain, till "the estate in reversion'' fell in. 
 Dr. Caner, of Boston, was favorable to Mr. Clark's intentions. 
 But noUiing appears to have been done in the matter. 
 
 The following extract from a letter of Mr. Bailey, is part of 
 the early history of a parish now arrived at a condition of 
 much strength and prosperity: — 
 
 "1 have lately (August lOtli, 1773) dedicated the nevv'' 
 Church at Gardinerstown, nine miles uj) the river, and i';e 
 people are very urgent for my preaching frequently among 
 
1773.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB I3AILEY. 
 
 99 
 
 them. I have likewise received sevcrnl invitations from 
 Georgetown, tint I cannot possibly answer all these demands 
 without neglecting my own people." 
 
 The matter of M.'s claim to the glebe was arranged as 
 above stated. INIr. Bailey writes to a friend, Ihat "the settle- 
 ment of our Parsonage has given us high spirits, but a mortal 
 chagrin to our enemies." 
 
 This active persecutor, however, was not yet discouraged. 
 The Chnrch was incorporated by the CJeneral Court in J773, 
 and a parish meeting was called in the spring of that year, by 
 ]\r. and N., during the absence of the two wardens and of 
 ]M;ijor (Joodwin. The warrant contained but two articles, — 
 First: to choose a moderator. Second: to choose a parish 
 clerk, assessors, and a committee for managitig parish alFairs. 
 All freeholders and other inhabitants, legally qualified to vote 
 in town meetings, were required to attend. From the titles 
 given to some of the ollicers, e. g., "committee for managing 
 parish alfairs," and also from the omission of names of war- 
 dens and vestry, it is evident, that this could l)e no meeting of 
 the congregation attending the Church. As all freeholders, 
 etc., were notified, the intention manifestly was, tc form a new 
 religious organization, — its character to be determined by the 
 majority of the voters present. Many Churchmen were "le- 
 gally (jnalified to vote in town meetings," and therefore at- 
 tended on this occasion, as they had a j)erfect right so to do. 
 M. was the active spirit at this meeting. A moderator of his 
 own selection was chosen, who decided that " no Churchman 
 had any right to vote." " Our [)eople," says Mr. Bailey, 
 " though twenty-four to twelve, offeree; to withdraw frou) ihelr 
 meeting, and never more to concern themselves with any parish 
 all'uirs for the future ; provided, they would Mgree not to tax us 
 towards tlie Congregational worship, but this was utterly 
 denied us." Upon the withdrawal of the Churchmen, and 
 part of the others, the business was left in the hands of eight 
 persons. " These dissenters, though so few in number, ([uar- 
 relled, the same evening, among themselves, about fixing the 
 place for their meeting-house; and upon hearing that their 
 lumber had been seized, became wholly disheartened. ♦ ".^ # 
 
 m 
 
 !■ 1 
 
 ! ! 
 
 f. :^ 
 
 ! il 
 
 :2<l 
 
mw^ 
 
 t? ii?n:;! 
 
 1 
 
 100 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1773. 
 
 There is not a single word in the warrant about a minister or 
 a meeting-house." 
 
 This, which was one of several abortive attempts to estab- 
 lish the Congregational mode of worship in the west(-'rn part 
 of Pownalborough, is spoken of here, that it may be seen how 
 violent and unscrupulous was the op|)osition of a very few 
 individuals in that place to the Church of England. 
 
 Mr. Bailey writes to a friend : " Rev. Mr. Badger preached 
 for me, June 20th. I have likewise had a visit from Monsieur 
 Balele, Romish Missionary to the Indians of St. Francis. Wc 
 have now at our house, Monsiein* Naphew, a Franciscan friar, 
 from Brittany, in France. I have made considerable profi- 
 ciency in the ^^Veneh langiiage. * * I expect to ])reach, 
 next Sunday, in a new j)ulpit. Mrs. Bailey has colhx-ted, 
 among the women, ^£1-3, O. T., towards furnishing the puljnt- 
 cloth, etc." 
 
 The report to the Society, in October of this year, contains 
 the following: " I have baptized, since October last, lifty-five 
 persopy, four of them adults ; and notwithstanding the violent 
 attempts of my inveterate enemies to injure the Church, my 
 parish, at present, is in nourishing circumstances. Our people 
 have built, at their own expense, an elegant pulpit and reading 
 desk, and their wives and daughters have furnished it with a 
 cushion, and hangings of crimson damask. Our parsonage- 
 house and land, which occasioned me so much concern and 
 expense, are now redeemed from the power of our enemi(>s, 
 and I hope to enjoy them in peace. I would likewise beg 
 leave to recommend the people at Gardiiierstown, and the set- 
 tlements above, on Kennebeck river, to the Society, as objects 
 of their charitable assistance. They are a mixture of various 
 denominations, chiefly very poor, anunig which, numbers are 
 well disposed towards the Church. Many were formerly under 
 my care at Pownalborough, and several, communicants of good 
 character. It appears probable, that if a INIissionary was fixed 
 at Gardinerstown, with proper encouragements, the people, in 
 general, would adhere to the Church. I have ofliciated twice 
 this summer at the last-mentioned place, and, on the 18th of Au- 
 gust, baptized twenty-two persons, eight of them adults. These 
 
■WT' 
 
 1774.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 101 
 
 
 infant tiettlemcnts extt'iid, frora Powiialborougli, forty-nvc niilt's 
 along the river, and contain four hundred families, among whieli 
 they have no ordained minister of any denomination, to admin- 
 ister the ordinances, and to preserve ia proper sense of religion. 
 But such are the necessitous circitinstanees of the people, the 
 diliiculty of travelling, and the expense of living, tiiat no Mis- 
 sionary can subsist upon Kennebeek river, with credit to his 
 profession, without a lil)(!ral support; and every diliiculty here 
 is rather greater, I conceive, than in the adjoining Province of 
 Nova Scotia, where many of the English entered upon lands 
 already improved by the former French inhabitants. I would 
 further mention, that Dr. Gardiner, who has ere« ted a decent 
 Church at Gardinerstown, and provided a glebe, engages, l)e- 
 sidcs, to give ten j)ounds sterling, per annum. I am obliged 
 to remark, that we are indebted to the care and vigilanite of 
 this gentleman for the redetaption of our i)arsonage at l\)\vn- 
 alborough, and its present establishment upon a sure founda- 
 tion.'' 
 
 That Mr. Bailey had not lost his early passion for writing, 
 appears from a statement which he makes, wherein lie says: 
 "I have almost fmished a de<eription of the; eastern country, 
 in three chapters. The first contains the (Jeography and 
 Natural History; the second, an account of the Ancient 
 Indians; and the third, the most remarkable events, from 
 its discovery in 11)03, to the present day, with a view of its 
 Jate prodigious improvements in the character of its inhabit- 
 ants. My account takes in all the country between Casco 
 Bay and Nova Scotia. I have had unexpected assistance, 
 both from gentlemen and books." lie also states that "two 
 gentlemen have ofVered me r^own guineas for the copy of 
 Madoclcawando, for the press, but I refused.'' That his tem- 
 poral prospects were brightening at this time, appears froui 
 the following extract from a letter to a relative, in August of 
 this year: "I have a wealthy parishioner, Mr. Ayling, from 
 England, who has j)urchased Richmond farm, to the amount 
 of sixteen hundred and lifty acres, and is on the sj)ot, making 
 gi-eat improvements." 
 
 In February of this year, Mr. Bailey visited the upper set- 
 
 111' 
 
 iiill 
 
Pi 
 
 ! I 
 
 li 
 
 W-^' 
 
 I 
 
 I i 
 
 
 i ;■ 
 
 .1, ■ I 
 
 I : < T 
 
 102 
 
 r R N T 1 1: R :\i I f; s I o x a r y 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1774. 
 
 lloinf'iiis on llio Kennclioc, Irawlling tlic wliole (lislaiice in a 
 slcii^li oil llic fro/cii river. His journey cxicndi'd above !'\)rt 
 Halifax, in the jiresent lown of Winslow. BeinjT, on Sunday, 
 aiiion^^f t!ies(! pioneers, who, until Ihen, iiad had no reIiy;ious 
 services, h(^ prc>ached to a conj^rei^atioti of forty persons, and 
 in that rei^ion he baptized seventeen, whose names are re- 
 corded in his journals. 
 
 'J'la'ee years had now passed since jNIr. Bailey removed with 
 his I'lmiily into the parsonaye-hoiise, thus securing the first 
 perniiuient habitation which they had enjoyed since he had 
 been In his INIission. While the house was in building, lie had 
 enclosed about three acres for a garden, and began imme- 
 diately to cuhiviiti? it with great industry. Nearly a dozen 
 pages in one of his journals, are occupied with his " 01)ser- 
 vatioiis .1! gardening in the iVutumn of 177-1, and spring of 
 177'")."' These observations are> curious in more than one 
 respect. 'J'hey note particularly, not only the kind of seeds 
 ?ov.'n, and shrubs and trees transplanted, but also give each 
 day in which the work was done, state the quantity of what 
 was put into the ground, with the precise locality. It would 
 seem, from this record, that there could have been l)ui few 
 plants, cilher of the ornamental or useful kind, then known in 
 New England, of which a specimen might not be seen grow- 
 ing near the humble parsonage of this frontier Missionary. 
 TIk' iK'ighboring fields and forests w'cre also laid under contri- 
 bution, and many wild (lowers were mingled with the more 
 cultivated ones. Eve;-, the sea beach of his native j)lace had 
 furnished one of the two or three species of vegetation w^liich 
 its arid sands can nourish. Tradition coniirms, what would 
 be surmised from his journals, that the minister's gardiai at 
 Pownalborough had few superiors east of Boston. 
 
 The following letter, addressed to a f(nnale friend a few 
 years afler, describes his residence at Pownalborough : " I 
 have at this moment present to my imagination, those romrai- 
 tick scenes which surrounded my habitation, many of which 
 rose under my eye, or were formed by my conducting hand, 
 W'hile the remainder ajipear in all their native; wildness, and 
 are either beautifully irregular, or excite the ideas of admira- 
 
ITT-t.] 
 
 Ti I y i; o F u i: \' 
 
 .TACOn IJAILEY 
 
 10; 
 
 lion and honor. My d-A'clliiif,' wiis ^;i!^;\t;•^l on llic sunmiit of 
 a lowcrinjj^ (Mnincnce, Ijctwocii two niivii;al)lc rivers, wliicli dif- 
 fn.-i il itscir into iin c'x1i'Msiv(> jilain, iii,TrciiI)ly divrrsiiied with 
 
 [v: 
 
 tli'j r,ir>ou,iirc ut i'owiKilbinMUgh.] 
 
 cluinps of cvorgrccMH, and lofty sjireadidg irces, inlcrspiTscd 
 V\'il!i grasri phits and cnltivatc;! hiT'oai^c 
 
 Aronnd 1 
 
 Jay a jjjardiMi, containing three acri'.<, niosdy on 
 
 a .''(Mit 
 
 lioii-e 
 
 (ircllV' 
 
 Jt 
 
 several r(\i;riar scpiares and ele.'^^anl partiMTes had l)eeu 
 ereaied ont of l!ie roekv and sinhhorn niaU'ri;vls, divided into 
 
 J 5 
 
 wall 
 
 aiH 
 
 borders, eitlier cro\\(]ed with ihrivin:' frnit trees of 
 
 lous speeies, or adorned witii a nuutiinde ol various snrnhs 
 I (lowers, whieh ad.ded softness, splendour and beauty t 
 
 o 
 
 van 
 an 
 
 the wdlderness, and perfumed tjie air, already pure as tjie virgin 
 breezes of Paradise, with their blended fragrance. The oilier 
 parts of tins enelosure continued still in all the misshapen 
 rudeness of nature, where sin; puts on the roughest apjiear- 
 ance, and wore an aspect wrinkletl, severe, rugi^u'd and de- 
 formed l)eyond expression. Here we beheld the prostrate 
 trunk of sttme enormous tree which sunk beneath the burden 
 of age and infirmities, or else was borne down headlong by 
 the rapid tempest, mouldering into its original dust, while a 
 
fp 
 
 
 
 ■ , \ 
 
 1 ;i 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 
 : 
 
 .ill 
 
 
 -\ 
 
 ' :% 
 
 
 lO-t 
 
 r K O N T I E 11 ^r I S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1775. 
 
 
 nunicrons odspriiii^ wtM'c springing up on every side, and exult- 
 ing in tiie pride of youllifnl verdure; tliere, on the margin of 
 a rocky eminenee, covered with thorns and briars, you might 
 discc)ver lhe breaking preeipic-e with gaping caverns and ragged 
 fragments, tumi>iing to the bottom, composed a jiih' of defor- 
 mily, the habitation of reptiles and vermin. On the western 
 (piarier, beyontl the limits of the garden and a winding road, 
 lay a large o])en grove of ma|iles and beeches, with two or 
 three majestic oaks, which reared their venerable heads above 
 the surrounding trees; at a.furlher distance, on the declivity of 
 the hill, is situated a stately forest, sloping into an impenetra- 
 ble swamp of spruce and cedar, ending in cultivated fields 
 along the (lowcry banks of ICennebeek, while from the cham- 
 ber windows we have a prospect of the White Mountains, 
 above til'ty miles riMuote, concealing their glittering summits 
 among the clouds. From the same aj^artment, to the south, 
 appeared a number of settlements, stretching, for miles to- 
 gether, on t';e Eastinui River, and the waters of Merrymeeting 
 Bay, with the adjacent hills, closes the delightful view. On 
 the northern quarter, at the distance of fifty rods, almost ob- 
 scured by a rising grove of birches, appears the Church, an 
 elegant bu'kling, standing on a gravelly spot of ground, sur- 
 rounded with a large piece of beautiful turf. From the east- 
 ern door in front, through a spacious avenue, we have a fine 
 prospect of the river Mundooscottook,* which apj)ears, by a 
 deception, almost contiguous to the garden, running at the 
 bottom of a large open pasture ; beyond the river the land 
 rises with a majestic grandeur, and, swelling with a stupen- 
 duous arch, covered, with trees, the horizon."! 
 
 It has, we presume, sutllciently appeared, that the " Itinerant 
 Mission on the Eastern Fronti(!rs of Massachusetts Bay"' was 
 no sinecure. The territory it embraced was extensive, the inhab- 
 itants thinly scattered, and the means of travelling were incon- 
 venient, and oftentimes dangerous. The poverty and igno- 
 rance of the people, and the unscrupulous opposition of some 
 
 If ' t 
 
 i 
 
 .r 
 
 ri:i. 
 
 «)^ ■ 
 
 l\ ' 
 
 MC! 
 
 * Or Eastern River. 
 
 t See note H. 
 
1774.] 
 
 LITE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 105 
 
 persons of wcaltli and inflncnce greatly increased labors which 
 were of themselves siilliciently arduous to have discouraged 
 most men. To all these dilliculties were now to be added 
 others. The date of INIr. EaDey's coining into these regions 
 was almost the same as that of the commencement of those 
 measures on the part of the British government, which finally 
 alienated the American colonies. The nature of these mea- 
 sures and their dates, are too well known to the intelligent 
 reader to render it necessary that they should be stated here. 
 
 The first instances of political persecution which Mr. Bailey 
 experienced, occurred at a distance from the place of his resi- 
 dence. On the 7th September, 1774, he set off with a friend 
 for Boston. His journal states that he was "insulted the next 
 day. 
 
 " Sept. Stit. Lodged at Millican's.* Ill treated. 
 ****** 
 
 "ll//<. Lodged at Newbury: the country all in commotion. 
 **■».*»« 
 
 "14///. Convention Sermon preached by Mr. Seargent. 
 ♦ »***♦ 
 
 "23^/. Mobbed at Brunswick; got home at night. 
 ****** 
 
 " 26//i!. Abroad; fled from the mob. Lodged at George 
 JMiers'." 
 
 He afterwards writes to a friend: "I was obliged to ab- 
 scond in the night, to avoid the fury of the mob, and to keep 
 myself concealed two days." 
 
 Under date of October 17th, 1774, Mr. Bailey wrote as 
 follows, to the Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign 
 Parts: — 
 
 "I take this opportunity of writing by Capt. Callahan, one 
 of my Wardens, bound directly from this place to Glasgow, 
 since the unhappy condition of this country renders it wholly 
 unsafe to trust a letter by the way of Bcxston to London. I 
 have, since my last, visited the upper settlements upon Ken- 
 nebcck river, to the distance of fifty miles, where I 'baptized 
 
 !;! 
 
 ■ it 
 
 111 I 
 
 14 
 
 *In Scarborough. 
 
yw' 
 
 iSTf! 
 
 I I 
 
 ;!■ ■■'■ 
 
 ! V 
 
 
 106 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY ; OR, 
 
 [1774. 
 
 twenty infants and two adnlts. Nothing remarkable has oc- 
 curred in my parisii, but I have the Katiwfaction to observe, 
 that none of my hearers have entered into any desperate com- 
 binations against the authority of (Jreat Britain, nor joined 
 in any of those tumults and insurrections which have lately 
 prevailed in other parts of the Province, and even in the neigh- 
 bouring towns. On my late journey to Boston, 1 was fre- 
 quently insulted and mobbt^d, and immediately after my return, 
 this place was invaded by one hundred men in arms, while the 
 Court was sitting, vowing revenge upon me and several of my 
 parishioners, for opposing the solemn league and covenant. 
 To avoid their fury, I was obliged to flee from my house in the 
 night, and to conceal myself for two days. The moh) was at 
 length obliged to disperse, without success, or doing any con- 
 siderable mischief. In the neighbouring settlements, however, 
 they assaulted both persons and property, brake into houses 
 and stores, abused the inhabitants, and destroyed their sub- 
 stance, and, after being intoxicated with strong liquor, fought 
 among themselves. We are daily threatened with another 
 hostile invasion ; and, it may be remarked, that these insurrec- 
 tions arc encouraged by some of our magistrates, and the late 
 mob was headed by a member of the General Assembly. In 
 short, nothing can be more dismal than the situation of the 
 Episcopal ministers, and, indeed, of all who have any depend- 
 ence upon Great Britain. They are daily persecuted with 
 provoking insults, loaded with shocking execrations, and 
 alarmed with the most bloody menaces, and that, not by the 
 meaner rabble, but by persons of the highest distinction, and 
 even those who heretofore were in the greatest repute for 
 moderation, piety and tenderness, have now lost every senti- 
 ment of hiimanity, behave with the wildest fury and destruc- 
 tion, and breathe forth nothing but slaughter and destruction 
 against all who are unwilling to engage in their extravagant 
 schemes. I have observed, with regard to this Province and 
 New Hampshire, where I have a large acquaintance, that the 
 friends of government are chiefly either Episcopalians, or sober, 
 sensible persons of other denominations, wiio are equally averse 
 to infidelity and enthusiasm ; but if the sons of liberty should 
 
1775.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 107 
 
 prevail, our dt'structioii will 1)(3 iiievitablo, and thousands of 
 IDs Majesty's loyal subjects, who a(;knowlc'dgo the authority 
 of the parent country from |)rincipl('s of conscience as well as 
 grateful inclination, will instantly be reduced to the extrcuiest 
 misery and ruin. Nothing has inspired these oj)poscrs of gov- 
 ernment with greater resolution and fury, than a speech said 
 to be written by the Bishop of St. Asaphs.* I had an oppor- 
 tunity of remarking the fatal cHects of this performance, not 
 only at Boston, but in travelling two hundred miles through a 
 populous part of the country. This has given them occasion 
 to abuse every Episcopalian who cannot acknowledge the 
 sentiments of His Lordship, with the forced construction they 
 are pleased to put upon His words. 'J'he shutting up of Bos- 
 ton harbour, and the prevailing violence of this raging faction, 
 have already reduced me to great distress in my private afiairs, 
 and it is with the utmost dilliculty I am able to procure the 
 necessaries of life." 
 
 The winter of 1774-5 passed oft' without much political 
 disturbance in the " West Precinct of Pownalborough," where 
 the church was situated. From the journals of Mr. J^ailey, it 
 seems that the immbcr of attendants on public worship during 
 the three years after the church was built, ranged from fifty to 
 one hundred and thirty. 
 
 The news of Lexington battle, (which was some days in 
 reaching Keimebec,) caused considerable excitement among 
 the people. Mr. Bailey states that on the day of the receipt 
 of the intelligence " of Col. Percy's defeat," he was " abroad, 
 and assaulted by a number of rullians." Two days after this. 
 Rev. J. Wingate Weeks, Rector of St. Michae''s Church, 
 JMarblehead, Mass., arrived with his family. He had been 
 driven by political persecutions from his parish, and sought 
 refuge with the subject of this Memoir, who had married his 
 sister. 
 
 " The circumstances of Mr. Weeks' family determined him 
 
 * Bishop Shipley. This production was quoted by Hon. Daniel Webster, in his 
 speech, delivered at M'ashington, July Uh, 18.51, on the occasion of laying the corner 
 stone of the enlargement of the Capitol. 
 
 'i I!. 
 
 ''la 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 .lii^i 
 
 .'Wi'i 
 
 :i!i 
 
 "•i 
 
mm: 
 
 108 
 
 mONTIKTl MISSTONAKV; OR, 
 
 [1 
 
 t <•). 
 
 I i'!|. 
 
 fit) 1 !■ 
 
 i'l:-! :■ 
 
 1 ' 
 
 ') '< 
 
 to sock a rcfu^M! in the rcf^'ioiis of KciinchccK, wlicrc he liad 
 soiiio possrHsioiis in laud. He arrived at Frankfort, with hi.'^ 
 family, on Wcchicsday evt'ninfif, April I'Oth. Notice was iniinc- 
 diatcly given it) I\l. and the rabbh-, and notwithstandini,' their 
 wide dispersions, tl)e hitter were asseinl)led at the Conrt-honso 
 by sunrise the; ncjxt morning, to jjrevent ';im fronj huidinfjf his 
 furniture. Th(! multitude wen; evidently conveiK'd to support 
 tiie Committee in their malignant designs upon .Mr. AVeeks, 
 against whom they had nothing to allege but his profession as 
 a clergyman of tin; Church of I-ingland ; and his character, 
 which was not only irreproachable, l)ut exemplary. * * * « 
 In the midst of this bustle and confnsion, the Conuriittees of 
 several neighbouring towns happeneil to arrive, when it was 
 agreed to leave the allalr of Mr. Weeks to their united defer- 
 niination. After keeping that worthy gentleman under severe- 
 exauunation, standing before them as a criminal above an 
 hour, they dismissed him awhile, for the purpose of mature 
 consultation among themselves; then, calling iiim in the sec- 
 ond time into their important and mighty presence, com|)e!led 
 him to sign an ignominious paper, and then gave him a permit 
 for landing his goods." '^ 
 
 In June of this year, jMr. Bailey received an invitation from 
 the wardens of the Church at Fal month, to olliciate there dur- 
 ing the absence of Rev. Mr. \Viswe!l,the Rector of the parish. 
 
 The following is found in the MS. " History," etc., cpioted 
 above, and is stated to have occurred in August of this year: 
 " One Ilarvey, as the rabble wen? marching along the road l)y 
 the Church at Pownalborough, loaded his musket, and then 
 presented it at the ])arsonagc-house, where the Rev. Messrs. 
 "Weeks and Bailey resided. The latter, with several children, 
 was then looking out of the window, when one of the com- 
 pany demanded of Ilarvey ' what inducement he had to be- 
 have in this manner?' He replied: 'this is a nest of 
 
 tories, and I am going to blow as manv of them to the 
 
 as possible.' Having finished this remarkable speech, he 
 
 snapped his gun several times, but it was Providentially pre- 
 
 *MS. History of the Eastern Country, by Rtv. J. Builcy. 
 
177.-,.) 
 
 Lirr, OF itr, V. jAcon haii.ky. 
 
 10') 
 
 voiifcd from i^oiiii^ ofl', iiotwitlistundiiii,' it wds never kiiown, 
 before or after lliis experiiiieiit, to iiii.^s lire. And, it is further 
 ol)servii!)ie, tliiit the moment this feMow reached the Conrt- 
 house, he disehiir^ed his mnslict \vitht)ut tiie least dillieulty. 
 The laiiiily liiiis devoted to destruction, were, at the time, 
 wholly iijMorant of their d m^'er, and received their infornialiou 
 inimcdijitely after, from a couple of yonn;i,' fellows, more civil 
 and humane than the rest. It was asserted that Harvey hor- 
 rowed tliis i,'nn of !\F., l)nt what temptation Ik? had to intrust 
 jl to a stranger, remains a secret, unless we conclu(l(! that Ik; 
 !Tiij,dit, with ii;r('ater siifety, en<^'am? him in some fatal pii.'co of 
 misohief, than one who had connexions ;unong us.'" 
 
 '• Ahout the heginninij of this summer, one W'hitini,' was 
 engaj^fcd to otiiciate at the Court-house. 'J'his fellow, now I!) 
 or :2() years of ni!;e, had been extremely notorious for his vicious 
 and idle conduct, having first lieen e.\|)elled from the college at 
 Cam!)ridg(>, and afterwards, (it is reported,) obliged to llee from 
 the seminary at Providence, for stealing the President's horse. 
 lie had been employed for some time as a schoolmaster in 
 Kennebeck, but was represented as a |)ersou disposed to ridi- 
 cule both ri'ligioii auci virtue, yet |)retending to a sudden and 
 iiiiraculous conversion, and assuming uncommon zeal in iho 
 cause of liberty, he is conceived to be an Iiappy instrument of 
 carrying on tli(! blessed work of ruining the Church; and 
 though it is ailirmed that he boldly |)reached the sermons of 
 President Davies, and other writers of a sprightly and fanatical 
 turn; yel In; was highly i:aressed by our leaders, and extolled 
 as an angel from Heaven to proclaim the everlasting (Jos[)el. 
 
 i''i 
 
 l':t 
 
 * llov. J. W. Weeks wrote to tkc Sucicty for Praj)ng;itiiig the Gospel in Foreign 
 Parts, as loHows ; — 
 
 <' roKT.sMorru, Sept. "th, 177'). 
 
 "'llic eoii'lition of your Mis^ion;lries is truly ck'ijlorable : they have nu'inies all 
 around thciii, and no friends hut (Jod iind their eoiiscienccs. I um now stripped of 
 the couilorts and convnuences of life ; my wife and a family of eijjht liel|)less cliihlron. 
 are oblif^ed to seeli >aoUer in a uihlerness, the horrors of which they liad never seen 
 or felt before. And even there they hare not been suffered to remain in (juitt. Their 
 happiness has been often inttrrui)tid by insults, and by the snapping of a loaded pun 
 at Mr. Ijaiiey and me, while walking in the garden. We have no liope, but in the 
 experience of your wonted charity." — llaiclins' Ilisf. of Missions, etc., p. 210. 
 
 iill ■> 
 
 ' lli 
 
k 1l 
 
 110 
 
 F n () N T 1 1: R M I S S 1 .N A II Y 
 
 OR. 
 
 [1775. 
 
 And tli()ii<,'h service wnri constantly pcrfornicd every Siindiiy 
 at cimrcli, eillier l)y Mr. Weeks or Mr. IJaiU'y, yet all who 
 were inclined to favor the |)rescnt coniniolions attended IiIh 
 vociCeratioiis, and besides, some persons, wliw de.-ired still to 
 adhere to the (•linreli, went occasionally to iiieetini;, h()|)in:^ 
 by this seasonal)le compliance either to avoid the inipntation 
 of beini^ enendes to \\h' eonntry, or to escape the persecution 
 they conccivt'd was (h'sccndinj^ on their neiifhbt)tirs. * » « * 
 
 " But Whitini^ was not the only A|)ostlu of Kennebeck. One 
 Alden, a noted Ana-baptist preach{>r from (ireat Ih'itain, rnado 
 his appearance in these parts, and was extremely instrumental 
 in sedncinii; ignorant and credulous people. And, notwith- 
 standiiiijf his character, attended his itinerant performances, 
 and it was acknowIed<,'ed wherever he travelled that lie had 
 twice been dismissed from tla; ministerial ()(lic(! for gross 
 immoralities, and had been tried at the Old liailey for the 
 crime of pt'rjnry, yet he was followed and applauded by the 
 undistinguishing mobility and persons of distinction, as some 
 great prophet, or messenger from heaven. * This fellow 
 
 preached in almost every settlement along the banks of Ken- 
 nebeck, and greatly conduced to bring everything sacred and 
 decent into contemj)t."* 
 
 " The inhabitants of Frankfort, or tlie West Parish of Pow- 
 nalborough, contiimed quiet and composed till about Christ- 
 mas, IT/'"), when Mr. (Joodwin, a deputy-sherilVand jail keeper, 
 began to spirit up the people. This man was open, generous, 
 positive, and blustering, — served this year as Church Warden, 
 but was intimately connected vith M. and N. He suddenly 
 attfMupted to raise all the youiij.; fellows among us in defence 
 of liberty, and engaged thervi to assemble on New Year's day, 
 to erect the standard of deiiance. Every method of allurement 
 and menace was practised to convene the people u[)on this 
 important occasion ; but about twenty persons had resolution 
 enough to disregard every incitement, and refused to give their 
 attendance. The confusion and uproar which ensued were 
 beyond example ; the day was consumed in the exercises of 
 
 * See note I. 
 
 m 
 
■^Si 
 
 1770.] 
 
 T.irn OF nr.v. .t.\(oh iiAir.r.v. 
 
 Ill 
 
 (Iriiikiiif?, swcariiijT, traltoroiiH iriiprcfations, niul the most 
 li(>rril)lt' I'diisioiis of proCaiicni'sH and iiiipii'ty. Several people, 
 ill llie fervor and waiitoiitiefs of llieir zeal, proposed lliat tiie 
 inliiistcr ^iioiiid 1)0 coiKliicted by a siillieieni military foreo 
 from his lial)it;i1ioii to tlio polo, and there l)e ol)lii,'ed to eonsc- 
 crate this exalted monnment of freedom: others, indeed, were 
 BO modest as to opjjosc the motion, and when it was coiimiit- 
 ted to the coiiMiion siillrage, it was earrii'd in the neij;ative hy 
 ii trillint^ majority only/ ..... Immediately after this 
 distinifiiishin^' event, near one-half of the eon^M'ei,'ation with- 
 drew from the Clnirch, tiie minister was stigmatized as a 
 mortal enemy to his eonntry for negleeting to observe a 
 thanksgiving appointed by the Provineial Congress, though 
 the very persons who w-ere loudest in their exelamations eer- 
 tainly knew that he liad received no information time enough 
 to give publiek notice. 
 
 *• My IVesl)yterian neighlxmrs were so zealous for the good of 
 their country that they killed seven of my sheep out of twelve, 
 and shot a line heifer as she was feeding in my pasture, iuid 
 my necessities were so great in the following winter that I 
 was obliged to dispose of the remainder of my cattle (except 
 one cow. The next spring, as I was endeavoring to cultivate 
 a garden sj)ot, which 1 iiad prepared from a rocky wilderness, 
 with great labour and exj)ense, the leaders immediately began 
 to interrupt my honest endeavours for tlie support of my family. 
 They daily threatened that jirodigious numbers of people were 
 assembling in the adjacent settlements to put down the Church 
 and to burn my habitation over my head." 
 
 * " It was determined that a liberty-pole should be raised before the Church door, 
 •to alfroiit' (as it was said) 'the parson, and to express their defiance of the Kinj;,' 
 but Mr. Goodwin, a Church Warden, the principal conductor, (under tlie secret 
 direction, as I suppose, of M.,) being opposed by the Vestry, cipht in number, 
 induced tlie people to erect it on the plains. M., some days before, had engaged to 
 fiive them a quantity of rum to elevate their spirits upon the glorious occasion. 
 When the appointed day came this gentleman, upon their appearance, accordim^ to 
 previous agreement, delivered his present, with the assurance that he would have 
 cheerfully assisted in person had he not been unwell. Capt. Lovejoy insisted upon 
 my being sent for to consecrate the pole by prayer, and, if I refused, it was purposed 
 that I should be whipped around it, but the motion was lost by a majority of two." f 
 
 t liev. J. Bailey's MS. 
 
 r t' 
 
 K ! 
 
 f 
 
If 
 
 fw 
 
 \ ■■^^ 
 
 m 
 
 
 I I i 
 ' i'l 
 
 
 
 i .1 
 
 112 
 
 F R N T I E R M I wS S 1 N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1776. 
 
 3Lii/ 3^/, 1777. A son was horn to i\Ir. Bailey, wlio was 
 baj)ti/f(l t)y the iiainc of Cliarlcs Hugh Percy.* 
 
 From Mr. IJailey's .Tonrnal of tliis year wo extract the fol- 
 lowing: — 
 
 " JIdi/ '2'^fl. Summoned before the Committee. 
 
 ^^'2-\l/i. Examine 1 by the Committee. 
 
 " 2Sl/i. Laid under bonds. 
 
 " August IVlJi. Forbidden to pray for the King. Only de- 
 livered a sermon. Thirty-five present. 
 
 " 2li(/. On ajomney: lodged at Rev. INIr. Bass's, Newbnry- 
 port. 
 
 ****** 
 
 " t^('/)teiiibcr 10///. Visited at Ceorgetown. Baptized ten 
 children. 
 
 " Oclober 2SfIi. Before the Committee for not reading the 
 Declaration of Independence, for praying for the King, and 
 for j)rea(hing a seditions sermon." 
 
 In a letter written some time after this to the secretary of 
 the Venerable Society, Mr. Bailey says: "In the universal 
 confusion, tumult, and destruction, which prevailed in the be- 
 ginning of the war, many persons were driven by the impulses 
 of fear to act against both conscience and inclination. On 
 the one hand, we were assaulted by armed multitudes, pouring 
 out torrents of reproach and execrations, and threatening to 
 
 mal 
 
 vc us 
 
 the victims of their ven"eance. On the otlie 
 
 r, wc 
 
 were besieged by the entreaties and tears of our friends to 
 practice a little compliance, (which, by the >.'ay, only made 
 our enemies the fiercer,) v.'hile we were confidently told that 
 our brethren in other parts had fully yielded to the re(iuisitions 
 
 * A proof of Mr. Bailey's loyalty. Tho n.uiie selected for the child was that of 
 Lord I'ercy, who fought at Loxinf^ton. In a letter received from a deseenilaiit of 
 Rev. Mr. 13,iiley, the foUowiiij? atatemcnt occurs ; " It was the iutentiou of Mr. and 
 Mrs. Bailey that his name should be Ifiii/h Percy, but Mrs. Callahan, the (iodmofher, 
 seeing so many Patiiots in the Church, was afraid to p;ive this name, and called him 
 Charles, the name of her husband. He was baptized Charles I'erey, and always 
 signed his name so." 
 
1777.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 113 
 
 ■U:l 
 
 of Congress and the spirit of the times. I had myself all these 
 didicnities to encounter. In particular, the Sunday after the 
 news of the Declaration of Inde]>endenee arrived, for besides 
 the raving? and menaces of the wild sons of freedom, the more 
 moderate of the same character assured me that every clergy- 
 man had both omitted all prayers for Ilis Majesty, and published 
 the Declaration of Independency, while my real friends earnestly 
 Ix'songht me to prevent the destruction of our Church. I still 
 refused, answering them that we must conscientiously perform 
 our duty, and leave the Church to the protection of Heaven, 
 and that if all my brethren had departed from their integrity, 
 I could never think myself excused from blame by following 
 their example. I will observe, that though I had then courage 
 to resist, yet perhaps my fortitude at another time might have 
 failed." 
 
 Some of the old enemies of the Episcopal Church, and its 
 minister, were not discouraged bv their former unsuccessful 
 attempts to establish the Congregational form of worship 
 within the bounds of his parish. Their proceedings caused 
 ]\Ir. Bailey to write to eminent men, lawyers and others, in 
 ditlereni; parts of the country, on this subject. The persons 
 thus addressed were, Mr. Oliver Whipple, of Portsmouth, N. 
 II., Rev. Jacob Duche, of Philadelphia, and Mr. David Sewall, 
 of iork. Mr. Bailey says, that "the mal-contents were only 
 seven in number;" that "they excluded all Churchmen from 
 the privilege of voting, and agreed, in Miirch, 177G, to raise a 
 tax upon the inhabitants, — Quakers as well as Churchmen, — 
 towards the support of the Gospel." " This," he continues, 
 "is the declared purpose, both in the tax bill and in the war- 
 rant for distraining. Our people are by no means in afTluent 
 circumstances, and, after having generously, according to their 
 ability, contributed to my support, are compelled to pay the 
 above tax with the utmost rigour. The collectors are seizing 
 their cattle by violence, and selling them at publick vendue 
 for a mere trille." Mr. Bailey states further, that "these men 
 have no meeting-house, no embodied church, no communi- 
 cants, no minister, and v.o preaching, except three months in 
 1775." He writes to one of the above-named gentlemen, that 
 15 
 
 i*h 
 
 I 1-1 
 

 m\ 
 
 K y 
 
 
 R : i 
 
 • {I 
 
 il ! 
 
 1 I' 
 
 ■:i 
 
 114 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1777. 
 
 the persons spoken of " liavc proceeded to collect the tax with 
 the utmost rigor, and several circumstances of ungenerous 
 severity, such as breaking into barns when the j)roprietors 
 were absent, taking away cattle by violence, selling theni at 
 auc;lion, and multiplying charges, to the great distress of the 
 unfortiniate sull'erers. * * ^ Those who retain any senti- 
 ments of tenderness and humanity, when aeciuainted with the 
 circumstances of this eastern country, must compassionate our 
 situation : a people confined to a cold and rugged soil, encum- 
 bered with forests, and divided by rivers, exposed to invasions 
 from Canada, deprived of free navigation, prevented from 
 selling, as usual, their timber for the necessaries of life, and 
 denied the advantages of receiving provisions from abroad as 
 formerly. Tlieso occurrenee» have reduced us, (especially 
 myself, who depended chiefly upon the Society for support,) 
 to the lowest condition of poverty, and almost to nakedness 
 and famine." 
 
 In a letter to Rev. Dr. Byles, in the autumn of this year, Mr. 
 Bailey writes: " I have hitherto performed Divine service every 
 Sunday, though at the risk of my liberty, and even of my life. 
 I have had a warrant after me ever since the 20th of July, for 
 transportation, but by concealing myself during the week time, 
 I have as yet escajied. jNlr. Parker and Mr. Bass are the only 
 clergymen beside myself who olliciate, but they wholly omit 
 praying for the King, and my jirincipal otVence is neglecting 
 to follow their example." 
 
 Oclober 10///, 1777. To Rev. J. W. Weeks, Marblehead :— 
 " * * 1 have a warrant issued against me ever since the 
 20th of July, and several ollicers have attempted to take me, 
 but hitherto without success. I have otiiciated every Sunday. 
 Warrants are out for a great number of people, some of whom 
 have absconded, and others go armed. John McNamara has 
 been fined twenty dollars, and im|)risoned five days, but is 
 now dismissed upon bail. I am a little surprised to iind you 
 coupling me with Mr. Bass upon all occasions. The latter, 
 without encountering any persecution or dilliculty, complied 
 with the first motion of his congregation, (mostly high sons of 
 liberty,) wholly to drop all prayers for the King. I, on the con- 
 
1777.] 
 
 LIFE or REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 115 
 
 trary, continuccl the service, witliout tlio lonst altrratioii, soino- 
 tirne after you and many of my brethren had made omissions; 
 and indeed I was chiefly induced to do so by your example. 
 It was a long time after you had ceased oilieiating before I 
 either heard of it, or the law in sup|iort of Independeiiey, so 
 that I had already od'ended beyond the hojx's of pardon. Pre- 
 vious to this my parishioners were severely p(>rsecnted, both 
 as Churchmen and Tories, which imuu'diately excited the 
 indignation of the friends of government for twenty miles 
 round. These, of every denomination, encouraged me to pro- 
 ceed, and generously contributed to my support; aiul though 
 I have left out the most obnoxious sentences, 1 have never 
 omitted to i)ray foi the King, and I have continued to olliciate, 
 not to please our enemies, but the Royalists scattered through 
 the country. INIy constant hearers, (though all, except one or 
 two, are friends of govermuent,) are l)ut a small number in 
 comparison with the rest, and indeed our continuing 1o as- 
 semble for Divine Service is considered by the Whigs as the 
 principal support of our party. They imagine that it gives 
 life and spirit to our opposition, and besides the chiff o!)j(>c- 
 tion against me is my praying for the King. For this single 
 offence I have been threatened, insulted, condemned, and laid 
 under heavy bonds, and for this J am now doomed for trans- 
 portation. My friend, Mr. Lee, is Captain of a company at 
 New York; Callahan is Caj}tain of a tsvelve-gun sloop-of-war 
 in the King's service; George Pochard is at Ciuebec, so that 
 the situation of my affairs is well Known at all these j)laces." 
 
 The following from one of his MSS. will give an idea of 
 his suflerings at this time: — 
 
 " Mr. Bailey, Missionary at Pownalborough, liavlng been 
 concealed in his own house for the space of five weeks, re- 
 ceived information that a design was formed against his life. 
 This intelligence determined him to attemj)t an escape. In 
 consequence of this determination he left his habitation in the 
 evening of October 15th, and was conducted through intricate 
 paths, about two miles, by his brother and Dr. Mayer. It was 
 conjectured that some desperate ruffians were placed at a lit- 
 tle distance from the house, either to intercept his fiight, or to 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
i 1. 
 
 ■' 1 
 
 ^m 
 
 ■¥§ 
 
 J 
 
 ^,i--'i 
 
 ,V 
 
 i! 4 i 
 
 5 1 :i 
 
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 116 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1777. 
 
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 destroy him on the spot. A couj)le of young lads were fired 
 upon as they were riding along the road, the people doubtless 
 imagining Mr. Bailey to be on horseback, returning home. 
 He was constrained to leave his family in circumstances truly 
 distressing; a wife with a young infant, and two girls about 
 eleven, and no kind of provisions or money for their support, 
 except a few garden roots. After spending part of the night 
 at his brother's, he arose before daylight, and, with a couple of 
 young persons, embarked on board a canoe, and under the 
 concealment of a thick fog, escaped to Brunswick, beyond the 
 limits of the county where he resided. He was here in great 
 anxiety, having money for only one day's subsistence, and not 
 finding Dr. Moor arrived with his horse, as he expected, he 
 was obliged to remain several hours at a publick house in 
 cruel suspense, and exposed to the observation of every 
 traveller. At length Ihe appearance of his horse relieved his 
 perplexity, and enabled him to pursue his journey without 
 molestation. The next day he arrived at Falmouth, and was 
 cordially received and kindly entertained by his friends. Some 
 unexpected benefactions raised his spirits and encouraged him 
 to proceed as far as Portsmouth, the capital of New Hamp- 
 shire; but before he reached this seat of rebellion he was 
 greatly alarmed with the misfortune of (leneral Burgoyne and 
 the army under his command. At York, he encountered the 
 barbarous exultations of the rebels upon this important occa- 
 sion ; and as he entered Portsmouth, the firing of cannon, the 
 ringing of bells, and the vociferation of the populace were 
 circumstances that increased his chagrin. Pie was, however, 
 highly caressed by the friends of government, who assisted to 
 sympathize with him, and to console each other on the gloomy 
 appearance of publick alfairs. 
 
 " After travelling to Boston and visiting a multitude of his 
 acquaintance, of various ranks, and of opposite sentiments, 
 and having received many instances of generosity from the 
 Royalists, he returned home about Christmas, and though he 
 had endured great anxiety on account of his family, he had 
 the pleasure of finding them in comfortable circumstances, the 
 
1778.] 
 
 LIFE OF KEY. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 117 
 
 frlciuls of govoriimeiit having liberally contributed towards 
 their support."* 
 
 In the early part of the following year, IMr. Bailey received 
 a letter from the Rev. IVlalher Byles, formerly Rector of Christ 
 Church, Boston, but who had left the country. It is dated 
 Halifax, N. S., February 17th, 1778. The following is an 
 extract : — 
 
 " I am commissioned to inform you, if you have not already 
 availed yourself of the collection for the HuiVering clergy in 
 America, that you are entitled to draw upon Messrs. Hoar 
 ic Company, Bankers, in Fleet Street, for Fifty Pounds, as 
 your Dividcjid ; and that if you think proper to enclose your 
 draft to Dr. Can-T, he will endeavor to procure the money, and 
 transmit, or pa^^ it, as you shall direct. Your letter to Dr. 
 Caner may be directed to the New England Collee House, or 
 to the care of Watson (S: Rashley, iNIerchants, on (Jarlick Hill, 
 London, or to No. 20 Suffolk St., Westminster." 
 
 Mr. Bailey's daily Journal for the entire year 1777 is miss- 
 ing. From that for j)art of 1778, we extract the following: — 
 
 " April 19t/t. Easter Sunday. 50 present. 15 Communi- 
 cants. 
 
 " 20///. Chose the same olficers." 
 
 It is mentioned occasionally that there was no service in 
 church, but no reason is assigned. The church, however, 
 appears to have been open the greater part of the first four 
 months of this year, with an attendance varying from twelve 
 to tifty-six. A number of infants were baptized by Mr. Bailey 
 in the same time, in various parts of this region. 
 
 Mr. Bailey left home on the 19th July of this year, on a 
 journey to Boston, and was absent some four weeks. A full 
 journal of occurrences at this time is preserved, and some 
 things recorded in it are thought worthy of being extracted: — 
 
 " J///^ 20///. Left the mouth of the Kennebec River. 
 
 " 22(/. Arrived in Boston. I was received by Rev. Mr. 
 Parker and his lady with the highest tokens of tenderness and 
 politeness. 
 
 * Note J. 
 
 I' fl 
 
 ■i 19 
 
 ■'. :> 4l 
 
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 118 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1778. 
 
 ^^ Jul// 22(1 Affrr l)rralirast went to visit the famous Dr. 
 Byk's, who was ih'taiucd a prisoner in his own hons(\ He 
 received me, aecordins^ to his manner, with great freedom, and 
 (Mitertained me witli a variety of puns. lie was mightily 
 pK-ased with the letters I bronght iiim from his son and grand- 
 daughter, and inslnv.'ted his (hin<:;hters, a cou|)le of fine young 
 ladies, to read them, I observed that he had a large colled ion 
 of cm-iositics, and the l)est library I had seen in this country. 
 He is a gentleman of learning and great iinaginalion, has an 
 uncommon share of ))ride, and though agreeable when dis- 
 coursing upon any subject, yet the j)er]ie1ual reach after puns 
 renders his ordinary conversation rather distasteful to persons 
 of clei;:mce and r(>(inement. lie <javo me ji circumstantial 
 tn cc)'!' uf his trial when condeumed for transportation. He 
 carefully preserved his talent for punning through the M'hole. 
 I r<-C(^!iect o»'(> instance: when he was conducted into the 
 aj)artnunt where his judges sat with great solemnity, who 
 desired him to sit by the fire, as the weather was cold, ' (ien- 
 tlemen,' said he, 'when T came among you I expected perse- 
 cution, but I could not think you would have offered me the 
 fire so suddenly I' After looking at several fine prospects, and 
 hearing two or three tunes on the organ by one of his daugh- 
 ters, I took my leave, wiih an invitation and promise to renew 
 iny visit. I then repaired to Mr. Domett's, and was kindly 
 received by that worthy and benevolent couple. They no 
 sooner perceived the poverty and vuicouthness of my apjjarel, 
 than they contributed towards a reparation, and furnished me 
 with a handsome coat, jacket and breeches. My dress before 
 this recruit was as follows: an old rusty thread-bare black 
 coat, which had been turned, and the button-holes worked 
 with thread almost white, with a number of breaches about 
 the elbows; a jacket of the same, much fractured about the 
 button-holes, and hanging loose, occasioned by the leanness 
 of my carcass, which was at this time greatly emaciated by 
 the constant exercise of temperance ; a pair of breeches, con- 
 structed of coarse bed-tick, of a dirty yellow colour, and so 
 uncoat (sic) as to sutler several repairs, in particular, a per- 
 pendicular patch upon each knee of a difierent complexion 
 
1778.] 
 
 LIFE OV REV. JACOB B A I L i; Y 
 
 Hi) 
 
 from tlu! original piece; a |)air of 1)lno tiiick-soainod stockings, 
 well adapted to exelndo tlie extreme; heat ol" the season ; a hat 
 \vith many holes in the brim, adorni'd willi mneh darning in 
 other |)laees, of a decent medium betweiMi hhiclc !\nd wliite. 
 My wig was called white in better days, but now rescml)letl 
 in colour an old greasy bed blanket; the curls, alas! had long 
 since departed, and the locks hung lank, deformed, anil clam- 
 my about my neck, while the shrinking caul lift both my ears 
 exposed to publick view. But the generous Mr. Parker soon 
 made me a present of a very elegant wig, which, though it 
 might not furnish n.y brain with an atldition of wisdom, yet 
 certainly enabled me to shew my head with greati-r conli- 
 dence. * » * 
 
 "//'/y27///. Called upon Mr. Ilaskins according to agree- 
 ment. He gave me fifteen dollars. 
 
 "28///. This morning called upon Mrs. Domett, who gave 
 me fourteen dollars in paper and three dollars and five crowns 
 
 in silver, which, she assiu'ed me, was a present from young 
 
 ladies through James , about 17, and the other Hi years. 
 
 The same day received live dollars from 
 
 and (Jreen, 
 
 and thirty dollars from the Church Wardens. 
 
 "29///. Concluded this morning, notwithstanding the con- 
 tempt which is poured upon the Britons from every (piarter, to 
 jK'tition the Council for liberty to depart for Nova Scotia with 
 my family; and, because I perceived that our magistrates 
 could not admit of pleas of conscience, I confined myself to 
 the sim|)le article of poverty. Mr. Parker had in tin; morning 
 obtained leave of jNIr. Powell, the President, to oiler my peti- 
 tion. Accordingly, having it prepared, 1 went down to the 
 Court-house and |)resented it to that gentleman, who engaged 
 to give me his interest. Drank tea with Dr. Byles and his 
 daughters. 
 
 " Aiiiiiisl 2d. This day being Sunday could not assist Mr. 
 Parker for want of a suitable discourse. As I was walking to 
 church h\ the morning Mr. Lash put a guinea into my hand. 
 
 "4///. Received this day eight dollars from Mr. Thomas 
 Amory. 
 
 II 
 
 III I 
 
 K 1 
 
 w 
 
 1 
 
120 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1778. 
 
 
 1 '^'-■'■^ 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
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 , :i!i 
 
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 "6///. After tliiiiun- wjiitod nj)on Dr. liloyJ. * » The 
 Dr. at parting gave ine nine dollars. 
 
 "7//<. This nioriiiiig at Mr. Wallace's, where IMr. William 
 Gardiner introdncrd me to Mv. Reed, a gentleman wlio had 
 been earled out of town. He made me a present of twelve 
 dollars. A few minutes before the hour appointed I arrived 
 at Mr. Domett's, and just after I was seated a gentleman rap- 
 ped at the door and gave Mrs. Domett a paper for me. She 
 informed me that it was Mr. Erskine, an Irish gentleman. 
 Upon opening the pajier we found enclosed two hundred and 
 seventeen dollars. This Mr. Ersliine gave me at Portsmouth, 
 last November, sixteen dollars. lie is nejihew to Sir William 
 Erskine, Colonel of the Edinborough regiment, raised for the 
 Service against America. He now (?xerted himself in collect- 
 ing this money for me among his accjuaintance from a princi- 
 ple of pure generosity. # « * When I came home, Mr. 
 Warner sent his compliments, witii a very good surtout and 
 twenty dollars. 
 
 " 8///. This morping took a breakfast at Mr. Domett's, and 
 while I was in that tiospitable and lucky mansion had twenty- 
 one dollars sent me by Mrs. Sheaf. * * » I then j)aid Mrs. 
 Renkin and received my note. **«#»#* Mr. Parker 
 gave me a very sensible letter to Major Goodwin, and his 
 worthy lady furnished me with provisions for my passage. 
 The kindness and generosity of this agreeable pair ought to 
 excite my warmest gratitude, for, not to mention my board 
 and lodging for near three weeks, I received from them in pre- 
 sents to the value of Xlo, lawful money. About 10 o'clock 
 Dr. Miers and I took our leave, and embarked on board Capt. 
 Smith. * * About 11 got under sail." 
 
 The next night found the vessel in which Mr. Bailey had 
 taken passage at anchor in Portsmouth harbor, having taken 
 shelter there from an easterly storm. On the second day after 
 they had put into this port, Mr. Bailey went on shore to visit 
 Rev. Mr. Stevens, of Kittery, who had befriended him when 
 in college. Here he found Rev. Jeremy Belknap, (afterwards 
 D. D.,) " with his wife, arrived from Dover." " I quickly per- 
 
 '•yil 
 
:l 
 
 1778.] 
 
 LIFE OF llEV. JACOB llAILEY. 
 
 121 
 
 coived liiiu," ^^ays Mr. Uiiilcy, "to he n son of inodcriitioii. It 
 was evident from tlicir conviTsatioii lliat nioi^t of tlu' Congrega- 
 tional ministers are in very dir«1ressed eireiimstiinees un aeeoimi 
 of the fall of paper money; iMit when Mr. Belknaj) eomphiined 
 of his situation, Mr. Stevens informed him that mine was still 
 worse, for I could receive no salary." 
 
 • * * • • t 
 
 "25^/. Arrived at Townalhorough, where I had the satis- 
 faction of finding my family in good lu-altli, though they had 
 greatly sufl'ered in my absence! for want of provisions." 
 
 Four days after his arrival Mr. liaiiey wroti; lo Mr. Domett, 
 in Boston. In this letter he says: "I am prohibited, in the 
 strongest terms, by Col. Cushing,* from olliciating any longer, 
 and though I have promised to ac(juiesce, yet he still threatens 
 to impose the oath." 
 
 Jn writing to Mr. John Pickering, Speaker of the House of 
 Representatives, he says, "1 was taken into a list on the 
 Transportation Act last summer, and after having had the 
 matter debated several hours in a full town meeting, I was 
 voted not inimical, l)y a large majority. Our magistrates, 
 being enraged at this disappointment, issued out a warrant, 
 notwithstanding, to apprehend me. The judges and jury, 
 being of their appointment, I knew that there was no possibil- 
 ity of my escaping if I came to trial. This determined me to 
 continue prisoner in my own house, till my health was aflect- 
 ed, and I |)erceived it to be no longer a place of security. I 
 then lied about the middle of Octtiber last in the night, and 
 continued roving about New Hampshire and elsewhere till 
 the act expired. I left my family in very distressed circum- 
 stances, my wife having a sucking child, suHered greatly for 
 want of provisions before she obtained any relief. I have 
 been unable to receive any part of ruy salary since June, 177'3, 
 which has obliged me to work hard for my subsistence, but 
 these restless spirits will neither sutler me to enjoy a moment's 
 repose, nor to reap the fruits of my labours. When the act 
 for swearing took place, I was immediately pursued on a 
 
 
 l| i 
 
 ■M 
 
 16 
 
 * lligli Slieiifr of the County. 
 
100 
 
 X WW 
 
 r II o N T I r, 11 missionary; or, 
 
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 [177S. 
 
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 rnagistnitc's warrant, but Ix'forc it was ])r<)p('rly '"'"'vcd T was 
 constrained to petition tlio Council for leave to depart int(i 
 Nova 8eo*ia; the matter was suspended till the expedition 
 against Newport slionid be over. 
 
 " I returned from ]Josto!i a few days si nee, but am threat- 
 ened with immediate imprisonment if ever I attempt to oJli- 
 ciate again, either in publieic or private, by which means 1 am 
 dei)rived of every su|)port, e.\cej>t what arises from charity. In 
 ]5oston I was treated with great comj>assion and tench'rness, 
 both by Whigs and Tories, and received several generous 
 benefacrtions, even from the former. But (hu'ing this absence 
 my family severely felt tlie distresses of hunger and faujine, 
 and sometimes had nothing to eat for several days together 
 but an handful of vegetables and a little milk and water, and 
 at other times they remained twenty-four hours without any 
 sustenance at all, till Mrs. Bailey had almost d<>termined to 
 die rather than make her situation known, for it has long been 
 criminal for any p(>rson in this country to allbrd us supj)ort, 
 and many have been prosecuted as Tories for no other reason. 
 Human nature cannot but reflect with reluctance upon such 
 unchristian and cruel proceedings, neither is it possible for 
 sulVerers to love and esteem thosne institutions which put it in 
 the power of bad men to indulge their ill iiature, their malice 
 and revenge, on innocent and defenceless objects. 
 
 " Being afterwards at a settlement about fifty miles from 
 my own habitation, at the requisition of the j)eople to preach 
 and baptize their children, I was assaulted by a violent mob 
 armed with clubs, axes, and other weapons, who stripped me 
 naked in search of papers, pretending that I had conceived a 
 design of escaping to Ciuebeck." 
 
 The following was addressed to Eev. S. Parker, Rector of 
 Trinity Church, Boston, and is dated October 1st, 1778: — 
 
 " In order to explain a little the nature of my situation, and 
 to elucidate the character of my persecutors, I beg leave to re- 
 late the following incident. The County Court is now sitting, 
 and I am this minute informed that I am presented before the 
 Grand Jury for preaching treason on the Sunday after Easter. 
 When I came to examine the matter I found there was noth- 
 
177ft.] 
 
 L I V E O r II F, V . J A (• () n 1» A I L i: Y . 
 
 12:J 
 
 ' )) 
 
 iiig ill citlicr of niv sermons wliicli toiidi'd in the remotest 
 souse to niedclh! with the |)reseiit times ; this iiulneed me to 
 search the h-ssoiis for tlie day, and I presently found that th(i 
 sixteenth eliapter of Numbers was the h-sson appointed in th(! 
 IMorninfif Service, and that the twenty-sixth verse contained 
 ahuost the very words sworn to in the (h'position upon which 
 thoy foun(h'd their pre: -ntmenl. In order to save you the 
 troubh; of opeiiinj^ your IJihk' I will (juote you the words: 
 ' And he spake »uito the congre<j;ation saying. Depart, I pray 
 you, from the tents of these wicked men, atul touch nothing 
 of theirs, lest ye he consiuned in all their sins 
 
 "The Grand .fury, however, at the instance of Langdon, the. 
 attorney, refused to find a bill." 
 
 In writing to another friend, Mr. IJailey mentions that he 
 "gave the earliest intelligence of the al)Ove-named matter to 
 Rev. Mr. Parker, who presented his letter to the Coiuicil, at 
 which they lauglu'd very heartily. M. and N., ignorant of my 
 correspondence, hastened up to Boston with the fellow's depo- 
 isition on which the comjjlaint w^as founded, determined to 
 prevent, if possible, the success of my petition, but though 
 wafted upon the wings of malice and ill-nature, their arrival 
 was too late." 
 
 The following: extract from a letter written in November of 
 
 '» 
 
 this year, shows that the troubles of this poor Missionary were 
 far from being ended: "About the beginning of November I 
 received a permission from the General Court to remove with 
 my family and substance to Halifax, but no op|)ortunity |)re- 
 senting, after a double disappointment in attempting to get 
 away, and tlu; severe season advancing, I ventured again to 
 perform Divine Service, being earnestly intreated by my par- 
 ishioners, and compelled by the followin:. i.jducements : I 
 considered that Mr. Gushing had no authority to siletic*; me, 
 as there was no law in this or any of the United States to 
 prohibit persons from preaching, and that no minister of any 
 denomination was retpiired to take the oath of allegiance to 
 qualify him for the discharge of his oilice ; neither has the 
 oath, as far as I can learn, been tendered to any preacher. I 
 reflected that this attempt to prevent the performance of Di- 
 
 1^ 
 
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 i 
 
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 124 
 
 T'llONTIKIl AflSSION A f J V 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1778. 
 
 villi' Service iiiiist hi' icifardrd ;is a prol'imc iiiul (liiriii*,' intru- 
 sion upon siUTcd tliiii<j;s, and not only a manirt'sf invasion of 
 our ri'liijjioiis, as well as civil rights, hut an impious (lcsi«,Mi. as 
 iriiich as possihjc, to allcct Ihc spiritual interest, and even to 
 iiijnre, if nol to destroy, the souls of my parishioners; and fiir- 
 tlicr, that such eoiidnct would he received and cotriiiieiit "^ on 
 in any other Cliristian country, as a crime of the most d r- 
 
 ous, horrid, and mali;^Miant nature. I considen-d myself as 
 under the rnost sacred o!)ligatioiis to perform the W(M'sliip of 
 (lod, and to iirciich amon'' mv ))eople, until pre\('nted hv m 
 
 > 
 
 nhsence, or restrained l)y the laws of my country, especially 
 when there is no Reliifioiis Society of our own, or any other 
 denomination, a\ here we could possihiy attend. 1 jilainly per- 
 C(>ived that the yoiin*,' people were strolling ahont with littlo 
 rci^ard for the Lord's Day, that all sense of relii,non was in. 
 (hmifcr of heing expelled, and that nothing could be ^-xpectcd 
 l)nt. the fatal consecpieiices of vice, irreligion, and profaneness, 
 1 must confess, however, that 1 found myself in a very dis- 
 tressing dilemma — the inveterate malice of iny enemies o' 'C 
 one hand, and the obligations of conscience and duty c 
 other; here their illegal and arbitrary mantlate.s to restrain, 
 th(M'e the dictates of reason and humanity, and even the au- 
 thority of Ileaven to compel me. Could 1 hesitate any long(>r? 
 You may depend upon it, this is all I hav(> done to rekindle 
 
 the indi'Miation of these restle 
 
 )iriti 
 
 aiu 
 
 1 I 
 
 im nersecu 
 
 ted 
 
 afresh, not for ])eing an enemy to iriy country, but for preach- 
 ing the (lospel and performing Divine Service among a set of 
 
 poor 
 
 ind inolleiisive i)eoi)le, who are indeed rei>roached and 
 
 pr( 
 
 ])ersecuted for their attachment to me." 
 
 Mr. Bailey states, in a letter to a friend, that "on the S 
 
 un- 
 
 day before Christmas, the weather being pleasant for this tur- 
 bulent season, we had a full congregation, and this indignant 
 magistrate,* observing a number of people passing by his house 
 in their attendance upon Divine Service, sent directly for one 
 of my \Yardens, and \yith a (huuing countenance and haughty 
 tone of voice, and the most insolent airs of authority, ordered 
 
 The High SherifT. 
 
ITTS.] 
 
 LIl'L or Ui;V. JA(()1J ItAII.KV. 
 
 li.^ 
 
 Iiiiii <(> (liTivcr me ilie following imprrioiis tnpf«sng»': ' Trll tlio 
 Parson that if \w prcsunics to discliargc liis rinidions aiiy 
 longcr, 1 will iinincdiatcly i-ominit jiini to prison, and that if 
 lie do not cnlcr into a written agreement to forbear the exer- 
 t'ise of i'nhjiek Worship, I will myself ap|)ear on Chiistmas 
 day, attended with a number of resolute fellows, and drag him 
 headlong out of the pulpit.' lint he lirndy promised, at the 
 same time, that he would never molest me whilst I ei)ntinued 
 in my own house." 
 
 Mr. l^ailey sent a letter to this individual, in which he say^, 
 "my intentions wen? immediately to remove upon my receiv- 
 ing jiermission from the ((ii'neral) Court. Hut having met 
 with ont! or two disajipointinents, and the wint<'r julvanting 
 in all it.s horrors, I Jbund it im|)ossil)le to depart till the 
 wi-ather should become more settled; since no one could be 
 prevailed upon to venture either himself, or ves.-el in such a 
 stormy season; and besides, to undertake a voyag(! with a 
 woman and young child in any convenience I am able to 
 jirocure, I must be divested both of humanity and common 
 j)rndence. Heing detained in this manner I was induced to 
 preach at the earnest desire of my |iarishioners, to whom I am 
 under the highest obligations of gratitude for their kind and 
 generous concern to relievo me in my necessitous circum- 
 stances. I considered that it was certainly my duty to comply 
 with tlioir request till my removal ; that it could not possibly 
 injure any person alive, nor occasion any damage to my coun- 
 tj-y, for which I shall always retain the warmest aflection; and 
 that it Was m^t repugnant to any laws, since preachers of all 
 denominations, as Ana-baptists, Separates, Quakers, ])risoners, 
 &c., aro allowed to preach witliOJit either taking the oath, or 
 suffering any kind of molestation. ***** Will it aflbrd 
 you any satisfaction, on the one hand, to enforce the oath at 
 the expense of my conscience, and the destruction of my inter- 
 est, or on the other to confine me in a wretched prison, to the 
 ruin of my health, and perhaps my life? * * * I must again 
 repeat my desire of entering into some friendly agreement, and 
 that you will not put me to the trouble and expense of making 
 another application to the General Court." 
 
■if 
 
 i I 
 
 m: 
 
 
 ■fit I 
 
 12G 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 ii I; ^ i i. 
 
 IJI! 
 
 The next clay after this letter was delivered was Cliri?.trnas. 
 On account of the extreme severity of the weather, divine ser- 
 vice was omitted. Mr. Bailey's family, witli a few friends, 
 had jnst sat down to dinner, when the High SherilV entered 
 the house. A female relative who was present went into the 
 kitciien where this olTicer was, and endeavored to " mitigate the 
 passion which inllamed him." During the conversation, one of 
 his deputies and a relative joined the principal actor in this 
 business. The former uttered language marked by profane- 
 ness and obscenity, which so provoked a faithful man servant 
 that he threatened him with personal violence if it should ha 
 repeated. This immediately caused the deputy to attack the 
 servant. * * * 
 
 The account breaks od" abruptly at this point. The above 
 imperfect narrative has been inserted to fill out, in a measure, 
 the picture of the troubles that Mr. Bailey experienced after 
 he had received permission from the highest authority to leave 
 the country, and was hindered from availing himself of that 
 permission only by unavoidable circumstances. 
 
 Mr. Bailey was waiting for a i)ro[)er opportunity of removing 
 to Halifax. This opportunity did not oiler till June of the 
 following year, 1779. 
 
 The Church at Georgetown had been under the care of the 
 subject of this Memoir ^Vom his first arrival in Kennebec, ex- 
 cepting the four years covered by the ministry of the Rev. "W. 
 W. Wheeler. 'IMie following from a letter of Rev. J. W. 
 Weeks, in 1778, to the Venerable Society, is a part of the his- 
 tory of that parish :* " When 1 was in that part of the country 
 I baptized many children and married several couples. The 
 Church at Georgetown is made up of several wealthy farmers, 
 who are noted loyalists. I oiVered to preach to them, but they 
 were afraid to sutler me. They were all o!)]iged to pay taxes 
 to the dissenting ministers, and they dared not dispute it." f 
 
 The sulTerings of many people in Maitie during the latter 
 
 * Hawkins* History of Missions, etc., p. 2'hi. 
 
 t The Churchmen i>i Georgetown hail been deprived of the benefit of their own 
 rates or taxes in 1767. See under that year. 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 127 
 
 portion of Mr. Bailey's rcsi(l(Mice there, and the distresses of 
 himself and family are stated in a letter to a friend : "This 
 reminds me, l^y way of eonelnsion, to exeite in your mind some 
 faint idea of the soareity whieh prevails thronghont the coun- 
 try. Multitudes of people, who formerly lived in aflluence, 
 are now destitute of a morsel of bread, and the remainder are 
 reduced to a very scanty allowance. Several families in the 
 lower towns, and in the Eastern country, have had no bread 
 in their houses for three months together, and the anxiety and 
 distress which this occasions are truly alVecting. CJreat num- 
 bers who inhabit near the sea coast, and even at the distance 
 of twenty miles, after being starved into ski-letons for want of 
 provisions, hiv(^ repaired to the clam baidis for a resource; 
 while others, who were prevented by their circumstances, or 
 distant situation, from acquiring this kind of food, were still in 
 a more calamitous condition. I have myself been witness to 
 several exquisite scenes of anguish, besides feeling in my own 
 bosom the bitterness of hunger, and the utmost anxiety for 
 the subsistence of my family. I have seen among my neigh- 
 bours the most striking horrors of naivedui'ss and famine. 
 Many during the i)inching cold and storms of winter, exj)osed 
 to all the roughness and severity of the season, had the misfor- 
 tune to buflet the turbulence of the weather without shoes or 
 stockings, or even shirts. And when the spring advanced to 
 atlord them a kindly warmth, destitute of anything to answer 
 the importunate demands of nature, except a precarious supply 
 obtained from their charitable friends, who had not sullicientto 
 silence their own necessito-is cravings. Several families within 
 the compass of my own knowledge have been for a long sea- 
 son deprived of all sustenance agreeable to their palates, or 
 adapted to the nourisiunent and support of the human body. 
 It was impossible to procure grain, potatoes, or any other spe- 
 cies of vegetable; flesh, butter and milk, were equally scarce; 
 no tea, sugar, or molasses, to be purchased on any terms ; 
 nothing, in a word, but a littL- cotfee, with l)oiIed alewives, or 
 a re|)ast of clams, and even of this unwholesome diet not 
 enough to gratify the cravings of nature. I have walked 
 abroad after a breakfast of these ingredients, weak and feeble 
 
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 128 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 mysell, in hopes to obtain a dinner among my more wealthy 
 ac([iiaintance, and have returned home dirsappoinled of my 
 expectations, and when in other phices I have received an 
 invitation to eat, have rt^fused, because I conld not find an 
 heart to dej)rive a number of starvii g children of their pitiful 
 allowancte, who were staring upon me with hollow, jjiercing 
 eyes, and pale and languid faces." 
 
 Two or three letters from his correspondents, and a very 
 meagre Journal for the four first months of 1779, are all the 
 papers referring to the early part of that yt that have come 
 into the hands of the writer. That the organization of the 
 ])arish was preserved amid the gloom which was gathering 
 additional blackness, appears from the following entry: — 
 " April Bt/i, 1779. Chose our Church Olficers." * 
 Some of the occurrences of the last few days he spent in his 
 parish, are thus related in a letter afterwards written to the 
 Secretary of the Society for Pro|iagating the Gospel, &:c. : " I 
 however continued to baptize their children, to visit the sick, 
 and to bury the dead, till about a fortnight before I left the 
 country, when the above-mentioned sheriff, with some of his 
 mischievous gang, appeared at a funeral, to apprehend me; 
 but through the vigilance oi friends 1 had timely notice, and 
 escaped the danger." f 
 
 * It mny bo of intcrpst to record the niinics of the oflicors of St. Jolui's Church, 
 Powiialborouu;h, in the tr.mblous times spoken of in the text. Tliey are taken from 
 a petition sent to the Ilii^h Sheriff of Lincoln cn>int_v, dated Deccnilwr '21th, 177'S. 
 The petitioners desire that Mr. Bailey may be allowed to officiate the few Sundays 
 which remained before he should eml)ark for Ilalifa.x. This petition is signed by 
 Samuel Goodwin, Herrick Pillul, C/iiirc/i W'anlint ; I'tter Pochard, David I'a.ley, 
 George G )ud. Philip Mayer, George Mayer, Louis lloudlette, J'cutri/. 
 
 t See Note K. 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE or REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 129 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 TiiK materials for continuing this Biogra|)l)y after tlic last 
 date mentioned in the preceding chapter, are to be fotind in a 
 " Journal of a voyage frotn Pownajboro' to Halifax, with no- 
 tices of some events in the latter place." A portion of this 
 MS. has unfortunately been lost, and it terminates abruptly, 
 but it is thought that the greater part of what remains is wor- 
 thy of publication. 
 
 " June Itli, 1779. We arose this morning before the sun and 
 began to prepare for our expulsion, our hearts replete with ap- 
 prehension, anxiety and distress. 
 
 As the rising sun tinged the various objects around us, I 
 beheld tlie once delightful scenes with bitter emotions of grief. 
 This, in a word, was the silent language of our faces as we 
 looked upon each other, and it was agreeable to the inward 
 impulse. Must we, after all the trouble, hanassmcnt and crue 
 j)ersecution we have endured for the cause of truth and virtue, 
 must we leave these pleasing scenes of nature, these i'riiMidly 
 shades, these rising plants, these opening liowers, these trees 
 swelling with fruit, and yonder winding river, which appears 
 through the umbrageous avenue, to revive and eh^vale the 
 mind ? We must no longer behold the splendid orb of day 
 peeping over the eastern hills to dissipate the fog, and to 
 brighten the field and the forest. We must hear no more the 
 sweet music of the tuneful tribe, amidst the trembling grove, 
 to gladden, charm and animate the desponding heart. 
 
 But we quickly perceived other objects approaching to take 
 a mournful farewell, which made a still deeper and more last- 
 ing impression on the wounded spirits, I mean a number of 
 our honest, kind and generous parishioners, who came to ofl'er 
 us their last assistance, and to let fall a parting tear! Mr. 
 Jakin, George Mayer, Mrs. Philip Mayer, and other females, 
 were present on this atTecting occasion. After taking a very 
 17 
 
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 130 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 slender breakfast, we began our departure, and when we left 
 the house and garden, and turned our backs upon these weep- 
 ing friends, I was obliged to summon the utmost fortitude to 
 contend with the tender emotions of nature. We walked 
 slowly along the shady road, and shut out one enchanting 
 prospect after another, till we met Mrs. Pochard and Mrs. 
 Jakin, who, upon seeing us, were unable to speak ; the effusions 
 of sorrow stifled their voices, and all, for some minutes, was a 
 scene of silent wo ! We proceeded in this manner through 
 Mr. Jakin's field, and when we were about to take a final 
 adieu, this kind neighbor threw herself upon the ground, and 
 lay sobbing in that humble posture, till we could see her no 
 more. We next called upon Mr. Malbone and his wife, and 
 saw the tears roll down their aged cheeks. 
 
 Mr. Pochard and his wife, after we had taken leave of the 
 children, attended us as far as Mr. Ridley's. When we 
 approached his habitation, he came out to meet us, and snatch- 
 ing me by the hand, burst into silent tears. 
 
 When the first emotions were a little abated, he began to 
 execrate the villains who had driven me from my friends, my 
 habitation and parish. Upon entering the house, they pre- 
 vailed with us to take a di.ih of tea, and to accept of some pro- 
 visions for our voyage. Col. Taylor presently appeared to bid 
 us adieu, and informed me that our magistrates were ready to 
 abate somewhat of their former rigor. Several of the families, 
 with Mrs. Pochard, followed us to my brother's, where another 
 scene of grief and lamentation appeared. Mr. Burke and his 
 wife brought their child here to be baptized, after which exer- 
 cise I took my leave of all present, with an aching heart, and 
 embarked in Mr. Ridley's boat, Mr. Jakin and George Mayer 
 attending us down the river." 
 
 [A few pages of the MS. are wanting here. In that por- 
 tion of the Journal which has been preserved, it would seem 
 that the exiles had reached the town of Georgetown, a few 
 miles below their habitation, where they probably expected to 
 pas" some days, before taking a final leave of their native coun- 
 try. Here, they found the small schooner which they had 
 engaged for their voyage.] The account continues : " As his 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 131 
 
 arrival was two days sooner than we expected, it threw us into 
 great perplexity, as our dependence for provision was chiefly 
 on the generosity of our Georgetown friends, and besides, Capt. 
 Smith was still at home, and was not expected till Wednesday 
 morning. To remedy this last inconvenience, John was im- 
 mediately despatched with a message to Smith, which laid 
 him under the necessity of travelling all night, while we pro- 
 ceeded to Mr. Butler's. When we arrived at this hospitable 
 mansion, we had the disagreeable situation to find all the fam- 
 ily in bed. They arose, however, and procured us a supper, 
 and about midnight we went to repose. 
 
 June Sth. This morning we arose, cheerless, before the sun, 
 and had this benevolent family to attend us. They prepared 
 us an early breakfast, after which they gave Mrs. Bailey a pot 
 of butter and a salmon, and then attended us in solemn pro- 
 cession to the shore. We looked upon each other with dis- 
 consolate faces and tearful eyes, till the rapid current carried 
 us round the point, and excluded us from . eing our friends 
 any longer. It aflbrded us a great deal of concern that we 
 were unable to see Mr. Percey's family before we left the coun- 
 try. We proceeded up the river and paid a short parting 
 visit at Mr. Preble's. This friendly and loyal family gave us 
 their hearty good wishes, and furnished us with some articles 
 of provision for our voyage. Our next remove was to Mr. 
 Carleton's. Upon our arrival, we found that generous and 
 friendly hero gone to the eastern side of Pownalboro', to pro- 
 cure us some provisions. 
 
 In the forenoon we carried our beds, and the shattered re- 
 mains of our fortune, the whole not worth forty dollars, on 
 board our schooner, a little vessel, not more than fifteen tons, 
 with such slender conveniences that we were obliged to make 
 provision for lodging in the hold. 
 
 Mr. Palmer brought us several letters from my friends at 
 Broad Bay, containing the tenderest expressions of good will, 
 and the most hearty and anxious wishes for our welfare, and 
 these were attended with some presents to make us comforta- 
 ble in our troublesome voyage. 
 
 Mr. Palmer attended us in our return to Mr. Carleton's, 
 
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 rnoNTiEii missionary; or, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 where we dined, ai)d tlicn wont to vif<lt Mr. Williani and 
 David (lilniore. We passed away a few lionrs and then tooiv an 
 aflectionate farewell, and at parting received soine addition to 
 our stores. About six we returned to Mr. Carleton's, and 
 draiiU eofiee in company with twenty-two persons. 
 
 The wind blowing fresh from the westward, we were some- 
 what alarmed by the appearance of a sail standing across the 
 bay for Mv. Carleton's landing. Some of our company con- 
 cluded that it was either Cushing, or some of his infernal 
 attendants, approaching with a mischievous design to interrupt 
 our voyage. I was extremely anxious for the event, as I had 
 a number of papers on board whi(!h would have been reckoned 
 highly treasonable against the States; but when the people 
 landed we pcceived it was Mr. Carleton's brother, from 
 Piscatacjua, who had excited our groundless fears. He brought 
 no intelligence of a j)ul)Iic nature, but gave us an account of 
 a terrible tem|)est of thunder and lightning, which consumed 
 in the space of thirty minutes a stately synagogue at Somers- 
 wortl), destroyed eight sheep at a little distance, and twenty 
 five iu another Hock, brake to jjieces an huge rock, and 
 demolislu'd above forty large oak trees within the compass of 
 three miles. 
 
 We had long been waiting, with eager expectation, for the 
 arrival of Capt. Smith, and the rest of our company, from 
 Pownalboro' ; at lenglli Capt. Smith, Mr. Hitchins and John 
 made their appearance to our great satisfaction. Mr. Palmer 
 persuaded them to attend him directly on board our vessel, 
 which lay near Mr. Justice Stinson's, at the distance of two 
 miles. 
 
 Mr. Jakins and the two Mayers, went by water, about an 
 hour after sunset, when the former and Mr. George Mayer, 
 intending to set out for home very early in the morning, took 
 their leave, which added another tender scene to the many we 
 had already passed through, and the honest tears of affection 
 and friendship were shed, on both sides, in ])lentiful eflfusions. 
 
 About ten Mr. Carleton returned home from Witchcasset, 
 and brought me several articles from Mr. Wood, together with 
 some confused account of the expedition against Virginia. 
 
 T 
 
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 ..iiii. 
 
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 1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF llEV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 133 
 
 ll 
 
 We spent the rest of this evening in an agreeable manner. 
 The thoughts, however, of h-aving such benevolent friends 
 brhiiid, exposed to the rage of |)erseeution and the vcMigeance 
 of rebels, allorded us at times some uneasy sensations. 
 
 Jtme 9l/i. When the morning opened, we perceived that 
 the Westerly winds were died av.ay, and that a dry fog hov- 
 (•red over the liuiil, which allordi-d ns no very pleasing piospect. 
 
 Our friends were disheartened at tlu; threatening sym|)toms 
 of drought, and both corn and grass were beginning to languish 
 in the tields. 
 
 Just before sunrise wc bid this hospitable family adieu with 
 tender regret, and proceeded along the woods to the ferry 
 below Hell's (iate. During this long and tedious walk wc 
 were greatly incommoded with the heat of the season and the. 
 innumerable swarms of voracious insects. Upon our arrival 
 at the water, we madi; a signal for the boat, and were carried 
 on board the schooner, but, to our extreme regret, perceived 
 that jMr. Hitchins had returned back with Mr. .lakins and 
 Mayer. 
 
 This man had endured a variety of persecutions for his 
 integrity, and was now reduced to extremis poverty; he had a 
 wife and several small children, but he concluded that it was 
 more prudent to leave them to the mercy of the country, than 
 to run the risk of imprisonment and death, without aflording 
 them anj'^ assistance. But Mr. Palmer, not knowing his real 
 character, and thinking that he would incommode us in our 
 passage, had compelled him, in a manner, to leave the vessel. 
 
 About nine we got under way with a gentle breeze fro.n 
 the south-west, and fell down between Parker's Island and 
 Jeremisquam into Sheepscot River. The country hereabouts 
 made a romantic appearance, line groves of tall trees, shrubby 
 evergreens, craggy rocks, cultivated fields and human habita- 
 tions, alternately presented themselves to view, and yielded 
 a profusion of pleasure to the imagination. 
 
 When w^e entered Sheepscot River the rolling ocean presented 
 itself in o|)en prospect, and we perceivc^d a number of vessels 
 sailing at a distance. About two o'clock we got into the sea, 
 
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134 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
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 and began to steer towards the east, but the wind failing we 
 made but a slow progress. 
 
 We attempted to avoid a fishing vessel in our neighborhood, 
 lest some accident should interrupt our voyage, but we were 
 unable to carry our intention, for she came alongside, and we 
 found the schooner belonged to Dennis Gatchell, of Bodingham, 
 a late convert from rebellion and independence. He gave us 
 a little salt, and pronounced his benediction. 
 
 As night approached it grew perfectly calm, and we were 
 obliged to anchor in Cape Newaggen harbour, a little to the 
 west of Booth Bay. This is an excellent station for small 
 shipping. The land rises with an easy slope from the water's 
 edge on the north and partly on the east, while the remainder 
 is surrounded with islands on which were erected fishermen's 
 huts. Between these islands you pass into the harbour through 
 very small inlets. 
 
 Soon after our arrival, Mr. Gatchell came in and dropped 
 an anchor near us. As I am always impatient to go on shore 
 whenever it is possible, I persuaded our men to get the boat 
 in readiness, and Mr. Palmer and Mrs. Bailey, her neice and 
 little son, accompanied me; we landed upon the northern shore. 
 
 The land, from the water to some considerable distance, was 
 destitute of trees and covered with grass exceedingly green 
 and flourishing, notwithstanding the dryness of the season ; 
 the soil, though rocky, is rich, and we observed that the plants 
 and flowers, which grew in abundance, were large and thriving. 
 We followed some of the winding paths towards the east, till 
 the prospect opened into Townsend harbour, which stretches 
 a long way from the sea up to the northward. After we had 
 diverted ourselves awhile with walking among these romantic 
 scenes, we returned near the landing, and reposed upon the 
 grass till evening advanced to spread abroad her cooling and 
 refreshing shades. While we continued here, I observed at 
 some distance, the ruins of an human habitation, with the 
 vestiges of a garden, constructed among the rocks. This, Mr. 
 Palmer informed me, was formerly the abode of an hermit, 
 who, meeting with a cruel disappointment in a love matter, 
 
^ 
 
 ,';i ' 1 
 
 1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEV. 
 
 135 
 
 retired from all society, and spent the remainder of his days, 
 to extreme old age, in this forsaken retreat. Mr. Gatchcll 
 came on shore, and entered into a long conversation with us, 
 concerning his former conduct and present sentiments \vith re- 
 gard to the American rebellion. He had been both a committee 
 man and a captain of the Militia, till falling in company with 
 the famous Mr. Sands,* he changed his licentious principles, 
 and from a furious and revengeful rebel, became a sincere and 
 peaceable subject. He declared, that however improbable it 
 might appear, he had heretofore acted from honest, though 
 mistaken principles. He acknowledged, that he, in strict 
 justice, deserved no mercy from a sovereign he had so greatly 
 abused, but still flattered himself with the hopes of forgiveness, 
 from the known lenity of the British Government, and the 
 great humanity of his Royal Master. He gave me several 
 anecdotes concerning the malice and violence of Gushing, 
 which to a stranger would appear to exceed the limits of prob- 
 ability. After supper, the persons belonging to my family 
 took possession of the hold, and spread our beds upon the 
 hard stones which were collected for ballast, a most humble 
 and gloomy situation. We had not long been composed to 
 sleep, before we were aroused by thunder, and saw the light- 
 ning flashing through the crevices with tremendous glare, while 
 the rain, pouring through the leaky deck, fell upon us in 
 streams. 
 
 June 10///. This morning, after a succession of fine showers, 
 which greatly refreshed the face of nature, the wind began to 
 breeze from the north-west. This favourable incident deter- 
 mined us to weigh anchor and to display our sails. We soon 
 ran down to Pemaquid, and saw at a distance, up a large 
 opening to the northward, a number of fine settlements around 
 the ancient port, while to the S. W., we had a pleasing prospect 
 of Damariscove Island, mostly cleared land, with one or two 
 habitations; to the S. E., the Isle of Monhegan rose like a 
 
 * QuERB — Robert Sandeman ? This person founded a religious sect which took 
 hi» name. Many of his followers were Loyalists. See Sabine's American Loyalists, 
 p. 591. 
 
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 monntaiii ontof the ocean. "We discovcnMl a topsail schooner 
 f<tan(liii;^ to the south, which was afterwards taken, as we 
 nn(lerstt)o(l, by tlie lilonde friiijate. We now approached 
 Peinjupiid point, an extensive, narrow headhind, rnnninj,' out 
 into tlie sea for many niih's. The shores, 1 observed, were 
 very liigh, rocky and rude, covered with a line appearanc*? of 
 trees, but destitute of any improvements or hiuiian habitations. 
 We were obliged to beat all the way. for eighteen miles, np to 
 Broad Cove, in order to discharge Mr. Palmer. In our passage, 
 wo passed by a beantiful island in pos>ession of the famous 
 Will Tioud, containing several hundred acres of rich land. 
 Op|)osite to this estate, on the western shore, was situated 
 Round Pond, encir(;led with a number of elegant setlletnents. 
 
 We came to an anchor a little above Loud's Island, and 
 took our leave, with regret, of our zealo\is friend, Mr. Palmer. 
 After he was gone, in order to divert our melam-holy, while the 
 peopli! were filling their casks with water, we went on shore 
 to a neighboring house, where we met with a friendly reception. 
 About four in the afternoon we set sail, and proceeded almost 
 to St. (Jeorge's Island, under the assistance of a propitious 
 breeze, but, on a sudden, the wind shift I'd to the south-east, 
 and blew with some degree of violence, which com|)elled us to 
 alter our course, and to st.uid np tin; river towards the settle- 
 ments in ISroad Cove. Nothing (H)uld be more romantic and 
 pleasing than the prospects around us. 
 
 As we sailed up the harbour a nuuiber of islands of various 
 shapes and sizes, partly cultivated, and partly in their primeval 
 wildness, presented themselves to view in alternate succession, 
 till we had a distant appearance of the Dutch plantations at 
 Broad Bay, lying contiguous on both sides of the river. At 
 length the lino settlements on the Bristol shore suddenly 
 opened upon us, the lields arrayed in virgin green, gently 
 sloping down to the water, exhibited an idea of cheerfulness 
 and joy. 'I'he reflection, however, that we were doomed to 
 abandon these pleasant scenes, checked the rising emotions 
 of the heart, and filled our minds with the glooms of melancholy 
 and sorrow. 
 
 When we came to anchor, the two brothers conducted us on 
 
 'I 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF HEV. JACOB DAILEY. 
 
 137 
 
 shore, and wc walked through a range of fields and pastures 
 to the habitation of Mr. Rhodes, who received us with siiieero 
 exprefisions of hospitality. The sun was now descending 
 towards the; margin of the western hori/on, and every ot)iect 
 was brightened with his l)eatns and softened with the cooling 
 breezes of evening. We were soon provided with a dish of 
 tea, which, after our fatigue and sickness upon the water, 
 alVorded us a seasonable refreshment. After this grateful 
 repast, we walked among the rural scenes, and surveyed them 
 with a pleasing regret, and having s[)ent the remainder of the 
 evening in conversation, sn|)per and devotion, we went to 
 repose, and slept quietly till the morning. 
 
 MR. nnoDKS. 
 
 This generous farmer was born in Gertnany, and emigrated 
 from those dominions in the early part of his life. By his 
 sobriety, uprightness and industry, he has acquired an handsome 
 fortune, and had the curse of rebellion never fallen upon 
 America, he would live in elegance and plenty without the 
 labour of his hands ; but his family, in common with others, 
 has been reduced to a morsi'l of bread, through the inicpiity 
 and distress of the times. This man, by a spirit of industry, 
 has acquired a considerable degree of knowledge, and, though 
 in a reniotc corner of the world, understands both men and 
 things, to a degree beyond persons in his station of life. He 
 is rather silent, than talkative, yet curious and inquisitive, and 
 listens with attention to whatever is advanced in conversation, 
 which someti.mes inclines him to be wavering in religion and 
 politicks, but when he has leisure to indulge his own rellections, 
 he always fixes in favor of the Church and British LJovern- 
 ment. He is humane, generous and hospitable, but is wholly 
 destitute of noise in his benevolent communications; no man 
 has a greater portion of integrity, or is more disposed to make 
 his neighbors happy. But with all these virtues, and a dispo- 
 sition never to contradict or irritate, he could not escape the 
 malice and vengeance of liberty; but notwithstanding his 
 mildness and moderation, neither threatenings nor persuasion 
 
 could [A part of the MS. is wanting.] 
 
 18 
 
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 . !■• HON T 1 K U .M I > M O N A U Y ; O U , 
 
 [1771). 
 
 Jiiim 112///. 'i'liis itioriiiiijLj nvIh'd (lnyH;,'lit jippciiriMl we u^ot 
 uiidcr \v('lii;li, willi a lij^lit hrcczc iVoiii the nortli-wcst, which 
 soon cariiccl lis out of the harbour. W'c strrn'd au 10. S 1"^ 
 C'onrsr, inlciKlir)^' to cross ihc I5ay of I'^imdy, l)nt hd'orc 
 ^vc had j^aincd two lt'ai,Mics IVoiu St. (ic«)rgc's Island, it hccaiin; 
 entirely cahn, durini,' which wc cani,d)t a consich-rahlc (|iiantity 
 of cod-lish. After rolliiii,' in the sea for two or thri'e hours, th(.' 
 wind hej^'an to hree/e from the S. S. !•'., which ol)li_i,'i'd ws to 
 kocj) cU)se hauled; hut het'ore M'e could reach the Island of 
 INIetinic!, a thick fog set in, which excluded us from the sii^dit; 
 of any land. This induced us to hear away for the Mn>ele 
 Ridges, a number of islands lying oil' St. (ieorge's, to tlie Avest 
 of I'enobscot IJay. In our progress towards a convenient 
 harbour, we were alarmed by tin* firing of cannon at some 
 distance on the eastern points of the compass. A thick fo'^y 
 attended by a stormy wind, prevented us from midiing land 
 till we came almost upon it. AVe at length di^eovertM] an 
 o|)(M)ing, through which we explored a passage M'ithout any 
 disaster, and came to anchor a little to the leeward of si'vera! 
 small islands. Mrs. IJailey and I immediately went on .-hore, 
 at a little beach, which opened between thi' rocks. 'J'ht> land 
 was covered with trees, and the skirts of the upland covered 
 with gooseberry bushes, alexander, and a lunltitude of curious 
 plants and (lowers of luxurious growth and various colors, 
 Which formed an elegant border to these wild and romantic 
 scenes. Nothing could be mure une([ual and tieformed than the 
 appearanc(>s av(^\uid us, as wr walked along the margin of 
 this island; here we encountered a vast pile of ragged stones, 
 thrown upon (>acli other in the utmost tlisorder, resembling the 
 ruins of nature; there a rocky promontory, breaking siid ' iilv 
 into horrid precipices, with tremendous chasu's a' J caverns 
 gaping beneath vis; on this hand a smooth •»« * excn beaci 
 covered with small pebbles, and gently slop lO the edge 
 the water; on that a level spot adorned with ^ 
 
 I'i 
 
 ■n aiM enam- 
 
 eled with (lowers. 
 
 After we had diverted ourselves with these various appear- 
 ances, wc returned on board and drank collee. But curiosity 
 impelled us to visit another island which lay at a farther 
 
177J).] 
 
 1, 1 r 1', () I' u i: V . J A f • ( ) n n \ i r, i-: y . 
 
 109 
 
 tlistaiict' lowanis tlu* soulli-ciisl. 'Vlic tide was so rapid and 
 icplctc with eddies and wliirlpools, that it was with sonio 
 dillieulty JMid hazard we reaehcd the destined shore. Wc 
 foiiiid here, a (iiu>, sandy heaeh with an eh'L,'ani slope, l)nt thi; 
 inland was so overgrown with iinnienso trees, ehielly yeih)W 
 birch, and nn(h'rl)rnsh, that it was ahnosi; iinpossihh' to pene- 
 trat(> the thickets. We discovered, in our excursions, a niinihor 
 of (lowers and plants of the same species which Mourisli upon 
 the other iH'ii^hhouriufi; ishinds. We reached (un* vessel aljout. 
 snn^^et, when an heavy mist: set in,and the wind !)egaii to 
 bree/e from th(! eastern points of the compass. 
 
 We. passed away th<! evening in as agreeahh* a maimer as 
 our present situation wouhl permit, being no h'ss than ten 
 persons crowih'd in the small cabin, amid heat and smoke, 
 till we were almost snllocated, and tlieii were obliged to repair 
 upon deck to breathe a purer air, but Iktc we were incoimnoded 
 wiili fhe cliillv foijand a numerous armv of mos(iuitos. After 
 fiupper we coidined ourselves to our im|iris«MuTient in the hold, 
 a dark and gloomy situation, where wo were tormented with 
 the stench of bilge water, aiul otluM* disagreeable odors. 
 
 'his morninir opened with the samn 
 
 i' 
 
 '.'/■) 
 
 kind of weather as the preceding day, and this season, devoted 
 to Christian joy and festivity, passed away without allbrding 
 us any agreeable or cheerful incident. 
 
 We however endeavored to jvreserve each other from sinking 
 into melancholy. To persons in our situation, scarce any- 
 thing could be more (lisagreeal)le than to l)e detained by 
 contrary winds, in the neighborhood of those hostilL" shores 
 from which we were fleeing. After diimer Captain Smith 
 thought it prudent to remove to a more convenient station, as 
 the air and heavens proclaimed an approaching tempest, and 
 we lay somewhat exposed to the ravages of a north-east wind. 
 In consecpience of this determination, we mailed about a mile 
 to the eastern-most of this range of islands, and came to anchor 
 at the entcrance of a convenient little harbour, which formed 
 a narrow opening into a large island. On the north shore we 
 perceived a little habitation with a considerable quantity of 
 inijiroved land around it. This was a pleasing sight, as we 
 
 
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 140 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR. 
 
 [1779. 
 
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 nil •■ 
 
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 had lately seen notliing except water and uncultivated wilds. 
 On the opposite shore, we presently discovered another build- 
 ing contiguous to a large growth of trees, with some little 
 green patches between it and the margin of the water. We 
 had no sooner secured our vessel, than John IIofTman, and the 
 other two Dutchmen, took the boat and went on shove to 
 procure a little milk. They quickly returned on board in high 
 spirits, and Avith joy sparkling from their eyes, assuring us that 
 a British lleet, with a detachment of land forces from Halifax, 
 had just arrived in the country, and were resolved to take 
 possession of the country and erect a fort in Penobscot Bay. 
 We imagined this report to be too fortunate to be true, espe- 
 cially as the people had it only from uncertain rumour. One 
 circumstance, however, seemed to confirm it; we had, the 
 the preceding forenoon, taken notice of a large square-rigged 
 vessel standing along without the island, which we now had 
 reason to apprehend was one of the royal lleet. These 
 appearances served to amuse us during supper, and furnished 
 abundant matter of conversation and gave rise tc a variety of 
 conjectures. They however deprived me, in a gieat measure, 
 of sleep, and 1 lay with eager impatience for the morning 
 light. 
 
 June 14///. After Ave arose, we began instantly to prepare 
 for going on shore before breakfast, intending to take materials 
 with us for that purpose, but we were detained a little by a 
 miserable object from the hcise which stood on the southern 
 side of the harbour. The man had famine strongly pictured 
 in his face, and informed us that his wife had been delivered 
 of a child about ten days before, and that she had ever since 
 been u< stitute of any kind of sustenance, except one gill of 
 Indian meal and i\ fish. Mrs. Bailey was so moved with her 
 situation that she sent her some relief, notwithstanding we 
 had the greatest prospect of su tiering ourselves before we 
 could reach the limits of Nova Scotia. We landed about 
 seven in the morning, and were rejoiced to find ourselves once 
 more delivered from a wretched confinement. We approached 
 the house with some degree of timidity, being ignorant of 
 the people and uncertain what kind of reception they might 
 
 li] .> 
 
m 
 
 1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 141 
 
 give us. Mrs. Bailey was dressed witii a small roll upon her 
 head, which induced Mrs. Welch, mistress of the house, and 
 her father to exclaim with the utmost vehemence against the 
 wickedness of the times, and when they perceived that she 
 was a minister's wife, they conceived the wearing of the roll 
 to be an unpardonable crime. It is really surprising that 
 when so many flagrant vices prevail in the country, such as 
 the most daring profaneness, perjury, and a visible contempt 
 for all religious institutions, not to mention the oppression, 
 injustice and inhumanity that is everywhere practiced with 
 impunity, I repeat that it is surprising, that in such circum- 
 stances, people should imagine that any particular fashion 
 should occasion the ind'gnation of Heaven against our country, 
 or to imagine that dress or external habit engages the attention 
 of the Deity, more than the conduct of our lives, the words of 
 our mouths, or the sentiments of our hearts. To rail against 
 fashions has always been the employment of little and narrow 
 minds, and is a convincing evidence of a mean and sordid 
 pride, which envies every person who is able to appear in any 
 distinction above ourselves. Mr. Welch, however, discovered 
 a greater knowledge of the world, and reproved his wife for 
 her censorious disposition; this had an happy effect, and we 
 were afterwards treated with as much respect and consideration 
 as we could expect. The weather being very stormy, we 
 were chiefly confined to the house, I, however, fre([uently ven- 
 tured abroad in the rain to examine the various scenes around 
 us, especially the vegetable productions, which flourished here 
 in great perfection. The soil of this island is composed of 
 dark, rich earth, intermixed with a vast profusion of clam 
 shells, to the extent of several feet deep, which kind of com- 
 position is extremely favourable to vegetation. These appear- 
 ances are a strong indication that this island was formerly a 
 noted place of rendezvous for the Indians, who resided here in 
 great numbers in their fishing season. Mr. Welch had a 
 pretty garden spot, contiguous to his house, which afforded me 
 some amusement, though, I must confess, I could not survey 
 the various objects and rising plants without many sorrowful 
 emotions; everything a'^out me recalled the pleasing scenes I 
 
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 142 
 
 .FRONTIER .missionary; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
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 had f()rsak(Mi, the delightful fruits of my labour, and excited a 
 number of vmeasy and paiiifnl sensations. After 1 had fatigued 
 myself with walking in the wet and viewing every object 
 "wortliy of oljservation, T reentered the house and diverted 
 myself with the conversation and long stories of father Tli'nkin. 
 He was between seventy and eighty years of age, had read a 
 few authors, just sullicient to excite his vanity, and had some 
 considerai)le acquaintanci! with all the ancient settlers in the 
 eastern country, and was able to furnish several curious anec- 
 dotes of them and their ancestors. His notions, however, 
 were very contracted, and, like a true Irish Presbyterian, he 
 was better pleased to censure than applaud. We here received 
 a conOrnr.itlon of the J?ritish invasion, and though the peopU; 
 here had always favored the '•ebellion, they were now extri'mely 
 forward to make a seasonai)le submission, since any kind of 
 resistance would only contribute to Increase their misfortunes, 
 and, ' besides,' contlimed they, 'it must be for our Interest to 
 receive protection and support from the Britons, as our adher- 
 ence! to Congress can assure us nothing but misery, nakedness 
 and famine.' After dining on shore, and making several 
 excursions abroad, we returned to our vessel about sunset, 
 wdien the storm began to rage with increasing violence. The 
 noise of the winds, the dashing of the waves against the 
 adjaccMit rocks, and the falling of the rain upon the deck, were 
 suill(;ient to [irevent us from taking any comfortable repose. 
 
 Jkiic i')//i. When we arose In the morning we ])ercelved 
 the weather to be still wet and storming, with the wind about 
 east; and, as there was no prospect of sailing, we determined 
 to spend the day on shore. The people received us with civil- 
 ity, especially as we were able to give them a taste of bread, 
 wdiich was here an cxtrtMue rarity. I observed that vegetables 
 upon these islands were at least ten days later in their advance 
 towards perfection than at Pownalboro'; this must certainly 
 be owing to the sea air and the frequency of fogs. I found 
 ]\Ir. Welch very obliging, and disposed to give me all the as- 
 sistance and entertainment in his power. After dinner, as the 
 girls were walking out, they returned in sur|irlse, and di'clared 
 they had discovered a barge full of men making towards the 
 
m 
 
 1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF IlEV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 113 
 
 sphere on tlie nortli-oastorn side of the island. At tiio same 
 tinio Capt. Smith and Pr. INIyei's arrived from our vessel, 
 bringing information that a large brig passed by an opening 
 to 1h(! northward, between two islands. This intelligenee de- 
 termined ]\Ir. Weleh, Capt. Smith, and I, to walk round the 
 island, but to our mortilieation we were unable to make any 
 discovery, the brig, we iinagin(>d, having slipped into Owl's 
 Head, at the distance of a league, — the wind favoring such a 
 movement. ^Vs w'e were retiu-ning, on the eastern side of the 
 island, an heavy shower overtook us, and we were alarmed by 
 several loud and ratlling peals of thunder, upon w^iii(;h the 
 clouds began to disperse and the Heavens to brighten. But 
 this (lattering prospect did not long continue, for as the even- 
 ing advanced an iieavy dark mist overspread both the land 
 and water. 
 
 We spent this day more agreeably than the former, and had 
 a variety of incidents to drive away melancholy rellections; 
 for notwithstanding we assumed an air of cheerfulness and 
 resolution, it occasioned us abundance of regret and chagrin, 
 wdien we found ourselves departing from our native country, 
 to seek a refuge in a foreign region, among strangers, who 
 would probably eye us with suspicion anil jealousy; and, be- 
 sides, compulsion is always attended with uneasy sensations. 
 Men can readily (piit the land which gave them birth and ed- 
 ucation when interest, pleasure, or curiosity entice them; but 
 when tliey are expelled by faction, or legal authority, the case 
 is extremely diil'erent; our pride, in these circumstances, is 
 alarmed, and ihat natural abhorrence that every mortal has to 
 restraint, embitters our minds, and wt; rej)air to the place of 
 our banishment, however delightful and advantageous, with 
 reluctance and aversion. But what rendered our situation 
 still more distressing, was the uncertainty of our return to our 
 country, our friends, and habitation. 
 
 About dark we returned again to our prison, and having pre- 
 partnl supper, coutiimed to divert ourselves in the best manner 
 we were able. We however proposed the next morning, should, 
 wind and weather permit, to go in search of the British fleet, 
 and then went to repose. 
 
 
 
 
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 144 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 June 16th. This morning, when we awoke, a little before 
 sunrise, we had the agreeable Information that the weather 
 was fine and clear, and the wind beginning to breeze from the 
 west. This intelligence revived our spirits, but we were 
 obliged to wait for the tide till after breakfast, for It being 
 spring tides, the water had ebbed out so low that we were 
 aground. It was with great impatience that we waited till the 
 element returned to assist our escape; at length, about nine, 
 we came to sail, and passed through a narrow channel, and 
 stood away towards Owl's Head, under favour of a propitious 
 gale, with a view to discover, If possible, some of the British 
 ileet. We stood away to the northward till we had a fair 
 prospect into Owl's Head Harbour, but no vessels appearing, 
 we had some dispute whether we should proceed up Penob- 
 scot Bay, or direct our course for Nova Scotia. I was Inclined 
 to favour the former proposal, but the rest of our company 
 being anxious to visit Halifax, and iMrs. Bailey expressing her 
 fears that instead of finding British ships, we should fall among 
 rebel cruisers, I gave directions to cross the Bay of Fundy. 
 Nothing could be more flattering than the prospect before us; 
 the sky was serene, with a gentle gale from the west north- 
 west, and a number of small clouds over the land, promised a 
 propitious season. We were, besides, charmed with the va- 
 rious appearances around us, — the ocean, interspersed with a 
 multitude of tine islands, of dltlerent si)apes and dimensions; 
 to the north, Penobscot Bay opened Into the land, with its nu- 
 merous islands, covered with lofty trees, except here and there 
 an infant plantation, while beyond, the Camden Mountains 
 arose in majestic grandeur, throwing their rngged summits 
 above the clouds; these, as w^e approached the Fox Islands 
 without, began gradually to diminish till their dusky azure re- 
 sembled the seat of a thunder-tempest, advancing to discharge 
 its vengeance on some distant shore. But while we were 
 viewing these romantic scenes with a mixture of delight and 
 veneration, and taking leave of our native regions with melan- 
 choly regret, the wind suddenly shifted into the S. S. W., and 
 a thick fog covered the surface of the ocean in such a manner 
 as to exclude every object. This incident afforded us abun- 
 
 ■it ' ' 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 145 
 
 dance of perplexity, as we had to pass llirougli a inultiUule of 
 islands and rocks, none of which conld be discovered at Ihe 
 distance of ten rods. We however ventured to eontiime our 
 voyage in this uncertain situalioii. The wind coniinued to 
 blow a moderate gale, though it remained so scanty that 
 we were obliged to go close-hauled. In the afternoon the 
 weather for several hours was obscure and gloomy, and gave us 
 uneasy apprehensions of an approaching storm, a circumstanco 
 no ways agreeable to persons confined lo such a litth; shallop, 
 in so threatening a tract of the ocean as the; Biy of ^^uldy. 
 These appr(>hensions continued to disturb our repose ♦ill al)out 
 an hour before night, when the sun brake forth in all the 
 briglitness of his departing glory, and tinged the summits of 
 the rollinij waves with his level beams. At the same; time wo 
 had a distant view of Mount Desert, at an immense distance, 
 setting like a hillock on the water. All our t:()r.tpany l.)y this 
 time were extremely sick, except the Captain, who was oblig(!d 
 to continue at the helm till the returning light began to dis- 
 perse the shades of darkness. The wind continued somewhat 
 favourable till after midnight, when it died away for more than 
 two hours, then sprang up S. V,., almost ahead; about sunrise 
 came to the east, then N. N. E., wliere it fresheneii up into a 
 severe gale. It was now tide of Hood, and the current pro- 
 ceeding in direct opposition to the wind, a sharp and dan- 
 gerous sea commenced. After reeling wt; attemjtted to scud, 
 but the seas rolling over the vessel obliged us to bring to. 
 The tempest still increased; the wind roared like thunder in 
 the shrouds; the ocean around us wa> all ragged and tlii'ormed, 
 and we were filled with great agitatii-n and dread, expecting 
 every moment to be swallowed \\p in the immense abyss. We 
 were unable to take any reiV(>sl)mcnr, and coniinued till the 
 storm abat(!d confined to our miserable apartments. 
 
 June Xllh. The storm continuing to rage with luiceasing 
 violence, we found ourselves in a very uneasy ii nd dangerous 
 situation, for, as I have already observed, thi' tides at this sea- 
 son were exceeding full, which occasioned them to set into the 
 Bay of Fundy with rapid violence, and the wind blowing hard 
 against the current drove the water iiUo irregular heaps, which 
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 146 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 appeared on every hand like enormous rocks or pillars, — here 
 rising in a conic form to an amazincf height, and there breaking 
 into tremendous precipices or falling ruins, while immense 
 caverns, gaping from beneath, threatened us with immediate 
 destruction. I Avas, during these commotions, confined with 
 my family in th(? hold, but the weather being warm and the 
 vessel extremely tight, we contrived to keep the hatchway 
 partly open to let in fresh air and to prevent suflbcation. The 
 consequence of this precaution was a deluge of water; for the 
 waves, breaking over th(^ deck, came pouring upon us, and 
 almost drowned us in our wretched confinement. In attempt- 
 ing to scud before the wind and billows we were in imminent 
 danger — a mighty wave brake over the stern and instantly 
 plunged our treml)ling vessel under water; this obliged the 
 captain to bring to, upon which alteration we became more 
 securt! till the tempest abated. During the continuance of 
 this conflict our situation was extrem(!ly uneasy, every soul on 
 board except Captain Smith l)eing dying sick, and unable to 
 aflbrd him the least assistance, which rendered his care and 
 labour abundantly move distressing. We that were imprison- 
 ed in the hold were in a most woful pickle, almost stilled with 
 the fumes of bilge water, our beds swimming, our clothes drip- 
 ping wet, and our minds under the greatest anxiety for our- 
 selves and each other. The thoughts of being driven from our 
 country, our much loved home, and all those endearing con- 
 nections we had been forming for so many years, and, if we 
 escaped the angry vengeance of the ocean, the expectation of 
 landing on a strange and unknown shore, depressed our spirits 
 beyond measure, and filled us with the sad glooms of despond- 
 ency and wo. But, as api)earanees often change in this various 
 world, about two of the o'clock, when the tide began to set out 
 of the Bay again, we were presently indulged with an happy 
 alteration. The wind shifted further to the northward, the 
 seas abated, and we quickly found ourselves able to proceed 
 on our voyage; and still to cheer and animate our spirits, the 
 clouds began to break away, the fog to disperse, and the sun 
 to adorn the waves with his western beams. Wafted by a 
 gentle gale we advanced towards the Acadian shores, and 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 147 
 
 about three hours before sunset, to our great joy, discovered 
 land; but this pleasing prospect did not long conHnue, the 
 wind fainted into a calm, and, as the darkness approached, an 
 heavy fog covered the mighty deep in such a manner that we 
 could not discover any object at the distanct^ of a rod. Under 
 these disagreeable circumstances we were o!)lig('(l to stand off 
 to sea in order to avoid the danger of running upon an un- 
 known shore before morning. This unfortunate and unex- 
 pected turn in the weather occasioned us great uneasiness, 
 and threw us into our former dejection. To such a number of 
 sea-sick and tempest-beaten mortals, who had been llattered 
 with the prospect of entering into an harbour, this n^turning to 
 sea was a niost grievous mortification ; but we had lU) other 
 remedy except patience, and a very slender dose of that excel- 
 lent drug. As to myself, it gave me an addition of pain to 
 find that Captain Snjitli had no assistance in these diliicult 
 circumstances, but was obliged to continue at the helm till 
 daylight appeared. The fore part of the night we had the 
 wind at S. S. W., with thick weather. 
 
 June 18/A. Towards morning the wind shifted into the N. 
 E., then east, and afterwards into the S. E., when it began to 
 blow and rain, with most threatening appearances of a storm. 
 This unexpected continuance of bad weather had a very ma- 
 lignant influence upon our whole company. The hands, with 
 Dr. Mayer, the old bachelor, swore bitterly; the captain, not- 
 withstanding his moderation, lost all patiences, and loudly com- 
 plained of the unpropitious st'ason, while; we began to imagine 
 that we should never be able to reach our intended port, so 
 many impediments arising to retard our progress. We, how- 
 ever, found some consolation when we perceivtid that the wind 
 rather abated, and in the afternoon it blew in our favor, so that 
 we rediscovered the land towards evening. But the fog con- 
 tinued to hover over the surface of the water in such a manner 
 that it became wholly unsafe to aim at any harbour. In bear- 
 ing away from the shore we discovered, through the surround- 
 ing fog, several little islands, interspersed with rugged rocks, 
 against which the waves, dashing with violence, occasioned a 
 
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 FRONTIER MISSIONARY ; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 fri^^htfiil roaiiiig. We had thu good fortune, howevor, to es- 
 cape without damage. 
 
 After k('('|)ing almost two days between decks, as it was 
 now nioH! calm and moderate, I ventured out of my confine- 
 ment to eon1emi)I:ite the striking prospect around ns. Noth- 
 ing appeared Init a waste of waters in perpetual motion, with 
 a surface rugged and unshapen beyond imagination, for the 
 seas in this Hay of Fundy do not roll with regular succession 
 as in otiier oceans, with gradual swellings, which rise in ex- 
 tensive order, one behind another, as far as the eye can reach, 
 but here we p(>rceive waves of a thousand various figures and 
 dimensions, resembling a multitude of recks and broken frag- 
 ments of nature, torn by some violent explosion, and rudely 
 scattered over an immense desert or barren plain. While wc 
 were sitting upon dec^k and diverting onrs(dves as well as our 
 situation would admit, one of our hens escaped from her con- 
 finement in the salt room and flew about the vessel from one 
 •uarter to another, seemingly exulting in her liberty. But 
 alas! this freedom proved the destruction of the volatile and 
 noisy animal, for one of our company attempted to secure her, 
 upon which she immediately Hew overboard into the sea, and 
 sat struggling and cackling upon the waves till we could see 
 her no longer. I must confess that in my present circum- 
 stances this accident aflected me, and I was moved with com- 
 passion for the foolish ilutterer, when I observed her exposed 
 to inevitable destruction, striving to regain the vessel, and, as 
 it were, calling aloud for assistance, when we were unable to 
 afford the wretched Ijeing any relief. How often do we behold 
 animals who fondly boast of reason, hurrying themselves with 
 almost the same giddy precipitation into ruin. How common 
 is it for m<Mi, when impatient of legal restraint, and ardent to 
 ac([uire unbounded freedom, — how frequent is it for people 
 in these circumstances, when they have escaped from every 
 confinement and gained their wished for liberty, to plunge 
 headlong into destruction, and when they become sensible too 
 late of their unbounded rashness and folly, they are desirous 
 from their hearts to reenter that condition they once called 
 
T 
 
 1770.] 
 
 L 1 r E O F U K V . J A C () H U A I 1- E Y 
 
 119 
 
 iilavory and bondiigo. In short, I am ('(mviiuHd llial no aiii- 
 mal ill iiiiture makes so pcrnicioii-. an iiuprovciiicnt of lihcrty 
 as man ; for notwitlisiinulini^ all liis boasltMl prclcncc;' lo wis- 
 dom, if yon place liini in a t^i1nu1ioll of nnrei-lraincd lic.-.n-^e, it 
 irt a thoosiind to one if lie do not, ruin hotii hinisrlf aiid all his 
 intimate eonnexions. J5iit enon.'^li of liberty for the pu sent, 
 since I had a snllioient surfeit from it in New Hii.'dand, and 
 have seen from lliat alnised prineiph; all llie nii^crics of licen- 
 tiousness, anarchy, and tyranny, (luwlni^ liki; so iiiai)} torrents 
 to deluge tliat unhappy and devoted l;ui(h .!ii;it about sun- 
 set we were favorinl with another fiaticring prospect of line 
 weatiier; a glim from the western hemisphere inspiied us with 
 pleasure, but upon the rising of the fog we were ahuiiied to 
 lind oiU'selves almost eontigiuMis to a tlangeious rock, eedled 
 the (!urnet, wliii-h rose with perpeiidicuhu' sidi-s, li!<e a large 
 bailding, above the water. The winil was nov/ !h ginning to 
 l)low gently from th(> S. W., which, v/heii v.'e h;id elor.rvd the 
 land as we imagined, was extremely favourable to unr purjxjse. 
 Bat alas! when we had been running, as v\-e fondly c-onceived, 
 along the coast to the eastward of Cape Sal^le, to onv great 
 surprise wo heard a terrible roaring on I'very hand. In this 
 scene of apprehension and danger Ca|)tai!i Smidi Inv/iig'.l to, 
 and upon sounding, pen-eivinl ourselves liinidsi shic.ls and 
 breakers, in about two fathoms of water, ;uid, as he conel'.ided, 
 just u[)on that terrible ledger or range <.>f rcicks, c-ullcd ihe 
 Devil's Limb. To extricate ourselves Wonx this alariiiitig siiu- 
 ation, the ca|)tain put instamly about, and we stoed til! tlay- 
 light across this vexatious Bay of b'luidy. 
 
 Jiaw 19///. When (lie daylight began lo dispcrs." the shades 
 of darkness we found ourselves encumbered with a di.-.ual fog, 
 which hovered with ulmo>t impeiieirai)]c^ thickiic -^ ovr the 
 face of the ocean, whilst the sky above Vs'as jcrfecth, clear, 
 with a fine bcautifid azure. At length, iifter rclliiig several 
 hours in a dead calm, the wind began to fill the saiis, v;hen 
 we discovered a large vessel loaded with luud)er stantling to- 
 wards the south. This a|)pearance indu(red us to make after 
 her, and, if possible, to speak with her, that we miglif accpiiro 
 some intelligence, but when she perceived our intention she 
 
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 FRONTIER missionary; OU, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 crowded all bcr sails, and ran from us with the swiftest expe- 
 dition, sni^peetiiig ns, as we apprehended, for an cnetny. 
 About nine in the niornin<^ the fo<^ wholly dispersed, and we 
 were favored with a serene sky and a fine bree/e from ti)e W. 
 N. W., which happen(!d to b(! the most propitious (pjarter of 
 Heaven. Having sailed an hour before this delightful gale we 
 discovered the Seal Island, lying about seven leagues, as we 
 imagined, to the N. E. About eleven we greatly rejoiced at 
 the long wished for prospect of Cape Sable, and it gave us 
 immense pleasure to behold a country under the dominion of 
 our lawful Prince, and wh<'re the tyranny of republican villains 
 had not yet extended. 1 was, however, surprised to find the 
 coast low, with sandy hillocks along the shores, instead of 
 those lofty, rugged promontories my imagination had created. 
 We passed by this Cape a little after the middle of the day, 
 and finding the wind and season favourable, we agreed to 
 proceed for liiverpool, which we hoped to reach by the next 
 morning. The sea was so smooth, and the weather so agree- 
 able, that we continued upon deck, viewing with the highest 
 satisfaction the various objects on the land, which rose in suc- 
 cession to divert our attention from the fatigues of the voyage, 
 while on the other hand we had nothing to employ the sight 
 but a boundless world of waters, inhabited by millions of liv- 
 ing creatures, prodigiously unlike in their shapes and dimen- 
 sions. We now descried several fishing vessels at some dis- 
 tance from the shore. They no sooner dlGcc'Ted us than they 
 bore in with the land, and doubtless conceived themselves very 
 fortunate in making their escape before we were able to over- 
 take them. We perceived by this incident that they mistook 
 us for one of those petty pirates which had lately infested 
 these coasts, and plundered, without distinction, every vessel in 
 their power. Before evening we passed by several fine har- 
 bours ; the land all along the coast appeared very level, and 
 nothing like mountains arose to diversify the scene. Some 
 lesser eminences, indeed, and a few gentle swellings were 
 discovered, just sufficient to destroy a disgustful uniformity. 
 In many places the land was destitute of trees, and exhibited 
 a pleasing surface of verdure, which softened the dusky horrors 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF IIKV. JACOH UAILICV, 
 
 151 
 
 of the woods. Tlio hitler chlclly consists of .'jpruct', iirs, uiul 
 hemlock, fit retreats for meluiuholy and discontent. The sea- 
 son was now so niild, and the motion so easy, that we had a 
 ciieerfvil sni)|)er together, ami wc were happy in the pleasin<^ 
 expectation of enterin<jf Liverpool the next niorniiiij. 
 
 JiDic '20l/i, {t^inidiii/.) I aros(^ this morning before the sun, 
 and found tliat we weri'; still favoured with a prosperous gale. 
 The land appeared extremely pleasant, and the odor of j)lanls 
 impregnated with the morning dew was agreeable and refresh- 
 ing beyond measure. The sun began to arise from the bt)som 
 of the ocean, and in a few minutes tinged the eastern summit 
 of the swelling waves with the beams of liis glory. All nature 
 put on a pleasing appearance, and inspired us with cheerful- 
 ness and grateful joy to rellect that we had arrived bo near our 
 desired port. But as nothing can b(> nu)re un<'ertain and de- 
 lusive than appearances at sea, we were quickly mortified with 
 a failure of wind. A perfect calm ensued, and we lay tum- 
 bling and rolling at about three miles distance from the shores 
 of Malagash. While were detained in this manner .John lloll- 
 man put over a line and caught two line cod fish, one upon 
 each hook, and continued the sport with the same success till 
 he had procured a dozen. Upon this, the two brothers coming 
 upon deck, reproved him sharply for his wickedness in profan- 
 ing the Sabbath, and when they could not restrain him they 
 swore a multitude of oaths I Strange, that persons who in- 
 dulged themselves in the rudest conversation, and who scru- 
 pled not to take the Sacred Name in vain, should nevertheless 
 have such a reverence for a day consecrated to His service, as 
 to neglect all kinds of business, however advantageous and 
 necessary. But this is just in the character of New England 
 saints, who worship the Sabbath, while at the same time they 
 treat the Lord of the Sabbath with the most indecent famili- 
 arity and disrespect. Thus man, the most inconsistent animal 
 in nature, often strains at a gnat and swallows a camel with- 
 out any manner of inconvenience. 
 
 The wind about eight of the clock begins to breeze from 
 the S. W., and through our imi)atience vv'e imagine the vessel 
 makes a most rapid progress, while she went scarcely three 
 
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 J' It o N T 1 1; It M I s S I () N A It V ; OH, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 M Iitiiii", iiiKi SO citLT'T ANcrr \\v lo I'o on slion 
 
 iliat 
 
 wo 
 
 bcgjo) to (Irci'.s ;\l ilu- (.lir'iniM'f t;!' ;il)ovc forty iiiilc?* from Hali- 
 fax. 'Till' j)!isf»i)g(" ovrr .Ma lizard's Day to Cape Saiiibro ap- 
 pcari'd «\ti( iiirly (('(liinis, iiiul we wcii- coiistaiilly cmployt'il 
 forcii^lit hours il) looliii);» »)nl lor tlic li^lit-li(uist\ I liad ahiiii- 
 (laiicf {)(' leisure to iriala; ol)^ervMli()lls on tiie country during 
 lliis inl;'rs:\l, ;ii)d I lie lami, which had hitherto put on a most 
 uuiroriii appearance, now hegan li> exliibit a very dillerent face. 
 It seemed to rise i^ratluidly from the sliore lo some distance 
 
 froM) 
 
 a, and th^n to shooi into h)ftv l»ilis of various forms- 
 
 covered, a< (ordiiij.j to the hesr iS our ohscrvation, with beech, 
 l)irihi's, and otlier s]>reies of Y.hit(! wood. As we advanced 
 forward our iu\patien( e increased in |)roportion as the distance 
 ]es>ened, tmd the captain went several times to the ft)remast 
 head lo mtiki! (liseoveries, hut with(Uit success. In the after- 
 noon \^•e discDvered ;i sail sfanditii,' away to the southward, 
 which we ed'l^'rwards under.-lood lo !>(> i>art of a Heel bound 
 
 havJM'' on board several olHeers aia 
 
 d 
 
 from [lalifax lo Ciiiebee 
 a nmnlier of troops for Ihat (h'parhueul. The wind continu- 
 ing lo l.)lo\v fie.-h al S. W., we ai length, about an hour before 
 sunset, were favoured with Ihe sight of Sambro Inland, and 
 the lighl-house, to our inexpressible satisfaction. A gleam of 
 bri'dilened all our facets, and we manifested every external 
 
 j<^y 
 
 expression of gladness at the reviving |)rospect. Before dark 
 
 tl 
 
 us (I 
 
 -irai) 
 
 !e object was full in view, and tln^ lediies vi 
 
 pon 
 
 which it was ereel(xl were plainly seen from Ihe deck, and 
 when llie daylight disappeared the light in Ihe lanthorn was 
 visible to conduct us into a safe and commodious harbour. 
 Howe\<M', before we were al)le to fetch within the light-house, 
 a black cloud arose, and tlit^ wind shifted into the N. W., 
 which reduced us to Ihe disi\grc>eable necessity of beating into 
 the hiubour. Under this disadvantage we laboured hard till 
 after midnight, and then came to anchor a lillle within Je- 
 bucto Head. Here we imagined ourselves entirely secure from 
 the danger of American rovers, presuming they would not 
 have the impudence to venture so near the INIetropolis of an 
 hostile Province; but in these conjecttnes we were certainly 
 mistaken, for, as we were afterwards informed, the preceding 
 
 I III 
 
1770.] 
 
 1,1 I'K OF 111: V. J A CO II i»Aii,r,v. 
 
 153 
 
 wrch, a rebel privateer sailed a considerahlc way into the liar- 
 Itdiir, aliiidst witliiii reacli ol" the caiiiioii, and captivated a hrif^ 
 laden with provi-^ions and snii;;ir. Tin' Howard and Hnclvrani, 
 a cniiple of cruisers, ol),servin;i,' this darin<j; manu iivre, pu.-lied 
 inniiediaiely ont in pmsnit of tlicM- adventurers, l)iit being 
 fiM'nished with a number of oars, as well as sails, thr privateer 
 escaped, while they ran the pri/e on shore, which by this acci- 
 dent bil^e(|, and UKtst oi' her car^'o was either \o>\ or (lani,i|^fed. 
 
 ] am persuaded that my coimlrsmen exceed all uianlvind 
 in a daring and cnterpri>ini,' disposition. Their bold and 
 advcniuroiis spirit, more c>peeially, appears with (listini,'iM>h- 
 iti;^' eclat when they are cn^^'agcd in any unjust and ^ itious 
 undcrlaliinif, and their courai;e connnonly increases in pro- 
 portion to the l>adness and villany of the causi; ihey cn- 
 deavom' to sii|)port. Let a New l''n<^land man once throw 
 oil" the restraints of education, he beconu's a hero in wiclicd- 
 ness, and the more sirict and rcliti^ious Ik; has been in his 
 • former hcliaviour, the greater will be his impiety in his present, 
 situation. It has oftiai been remarked by foreigners, who have 
 been engaged in coumierci' with our I'ln'itans, that when they 
 lirst i-ome abroad no jx'ople alive have such a sacred regaril 
 for religious worship, or the day ap|)ointed for that purpose, 
 and none have such a prevailing aversion to profane swearing, 
 and yet they cpiickly become the most docile scholars in the 
 school of vice, and make the greatest |)roticiency in every 
 species of profanity. They openly ridicmle their former al- 
 taehrnent to devotion, and are very ingenious in framing new 
 and spirited oaths, antl when they have any extraordinary 
 mischief to perform they always choose to perpetrate it on 
 Sunday. 
 
 June 2{sf. No sooner did the inorning light l)egin to soften 
 llie horrors of darknos, than I arose and took |)ossessioii of the 
 deck to observe the weather and to survey the adjac<'nt coun- 
 try. I found that we were overtaken by a dead calm, and the 
 heavens were covered with rolling volumes of black and 
 dismal clouds which shed a dark and di-jecting gloom over all 
 the surrounding scenes of nature. But if I was inspired with 
 melancholy sentiments at this dusky prospect, I was perfectly 
 20 
 
 w 
 
 
 4 
 
 ■'' i 
 
 I 
 
 
 i 
 
154 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 
 ^kW''' 
 
 ^^Hr'^' 
 
 
 shocked wlicti I turned my eyes towards the land which 
 stretched along the western quarter. The shore which now 
 engages my attention is the famous Jebucto Head, a most 
 enormous congress of rocky ledg' s running with a lofty and 
 impregiiabU? front into the sea, while the surface is inexpressi- 
 bly rugged and broken, covered with shrubby spruce, fir and 
 hendock, which by their starving and misshapen appearance 
 sulliciently indicate tin; seviM'ity of the climate and the barren- 
 ness of 1h(! soil. But notwithstanding the unpleasing aspect 
 of this strange region, 1 could not forbear the returns of grati- 
 tude to Providence for salVly conducting me and n)y family to 
 this retreat of freedom and security from the rage of tyranny 
 and the cruelty of oppression. The wind beginning to blow 
 softly as the light in vased, we weighed anchor, displayed 
 the canvas and got under way. The sun being risen we 
 perceived that the land on the eastern side of the harbour 
 was in comparison extremely agreeable ; the beach was cov- 
 ered with small pebbles, the banks, whicli were moderately 
 high, resembled the colour of deep burnt bricks, and the trees 
 of various species, tall and well shaped. And what added to 
 the beauty and cheerfulness of i',ie prospect, the forest was in 
 many cases discontinued and finely interspersed with patches 
 of cleared ground, adorned with a lively verdure. 
 
 But we were again sadly disappointed in our expectations, 
 for we fondly imagined that upon our entrance into the har- 
 bour we should have the whole metropolis in open view, and 
 a number of lofty buildings rising in conspicuous glory, with 
 a respectable jnirt of the Royal Navy lying at anchor before 
 the town. Instead of which llattering instances of power, 
 grandeur and magnificence, we could observe no edifices ex- 
 cept the (dtadel and two or three scattered habitations; and as to 
 shipping we saw only two sail of armed vessels and three or 
 four sail at Major's B'^ach, for we were ignorant that both the 
 town and the prop(!r harbour were concealed by the inter- 
 position of St. George's Island ai;,d certain aspiring eminences 
 to the northward. As we sailed slowly up the harbour, the 
 next ol)ject which invited our attention, was a large fleet of 
 Indian canoes, coasting along the Jebucto shore and Tilled with 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 155 
 
 multitudes of the native Micmacs, and at the same time we 
 espied several of these eopper-faced sons of liberty either 
 landini^ on the margin of a little bay, or climbing up the stu- 
 pendous precipices. We toolv notice upon this occasion, that 
 art'iicial ways were formed up these steepy cliffs for the 
 conveniency t)f ascending or conveying down timber, which is 
 frequently cut on the summit of these ridges for the public 
 works at Halifax. As we advanced still further from the 
 ocean, the town began gradually to open, and \vc had in prospect 
 several strong fortitications, as the Eastern Battery, (leorge's 
 Fort, and strong ramparts upon the neighbouring heights, with 
 all their terrible apparatus of cannon and mortars. When we 
 arrived near the above-mentioned Island of St. George's, we 
 had a most advantageous, striking view of this northern capital, 
 stretching a mile and an half upon the eastern ascent of an 
 extensive hill, while a large collection of sliip|)ing lay either 
 contiguous to the wharves, or else were riding, with the Brit- 
 tanic colours Hying, in the channel, a sight which instantly 
 ins|)ired us wiMi the most pleasing sensations. We expected 
 to be hailed as we passed St. Get)rgeV Fort, but the people, 
 conceiving our vessel to b»* some i 'aster from iMalagash, we 
 were sulFered to proceed without any in(iuiry. 
 
 We wer(! now all upon deck, contemplating with infinite 
 wonder and satisfaction the various objects about us, but we 
 must however except .John Ilotl'man from tliis agreeable em- 
 ploy, who was so alieeted with alternate joy and concern at 
 the sight of his native* place, that he retired into the cabin, 
 there to indulge in solitude these cionflieting jiassions. I 
 perceived, that though he was highly n^juiced to behold the 
 country where he was born and educated, yet he w^as seized 
 with a prevailing anxiety of heart, lest he should find his 
 tender mother, who had long mourned his absence, departed 
 to the shades of death 
 
 These uneasy apprehensions rendered him unfit for company, 
 and threw him at length into visible confusion and distress. 
 We were now indulging in a thousand pleasing re(le(;tions 
 as we approached near the centre of the town, and this situa- 
 tion reminded us that it was proper to-'xplore some convenient 
 
 1 ] 
 
 '11 
 
::3^«- 
 
 m \'\ 
 
 
 
 156 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1771). 
 
 pliice to sccnrc a laiidinfT, but previous to tliis iiiijrccablc tvciit 
 
 it was concluded to iiivcsti"atc tlio Coniiiiodon 
 
 lii), aiK 
 
 to solicit th(» naval commander for liberty to i^o on shore. A 
 boat p:issii)g by this instant haih'd us ;ind deniiuided, us t!iey 
 were ''oiii'f swiftiv under sail, from whence we came .' We 
 
 replied 
 
 fr 
 
 om 
 
 Kennel)ee!c. This answer occasioned a visible 
 
 snrpris(! in the company, who continued repeaiin<f: ' Kenne- 
 beckl Kennel)eck!' Seeing a number of men on l>oard a 
 sloop, we desirgd them to point out the Commodore, and 
 received immediate information that tlua'c was no such olT v 
 in the harbour. This intelligence! delermined us dir- cily to 
 make lowards a wharf, which hap|)ened to l)e near the Pontae.' 
 Wo \vero now plainly sensible that our uncouth hal)i!s and 
 
 lUl 
 
 common appearance had, by this time, attracted ihenoti 
 
 Ci> 
 
 of uudtitudes, who (locked towards the water to induLnMluii 
 
 curi'/sif V. 
 
 T 
 
 lese inquisitive strangers threw us into som 
 
 confusion, and to prevent a uuiltitude of imi)ertin(Mit inierro-.i- 
 tions, which might naturally be expected l)y persons in uur 
 circumstances, I made the following public declaration, stand- 
 ing on the ()uarter deck: "(icntlemen, we area company of 
 fugitives from Kennebeck, in New Enghuid, driven by famine 
 
 aiu 
 
 )crsecutK5n to 
 
 tal 
 
 ic reluge among you, an( 
 
 d tl 
 
 leretore 
 
 I 
 
 must entreat: your candour and ct)mpassion to excuse; the 
 meamiess a/ul singularity of our dres<."' 
 
 I that moment discovered iunong tiu; gathering crowd Mr. 
 Kitson, one of our Kennebeck neighbours, riuming down the 
 street to our assistance. lie came insumtly on board, and 
 
 after inutual 
 
 dations, helped us on slu)re 
 
 T 
 
 HIS, just a 
 
 fortniirht after vri' left our own beloved habitation, we founr 
 
 fl 
 
 ours(dves Landed in ;v strange country, desliln'e of money, 
 clothing, dwelling or furniture, and wholly uncc'tain wha' coiui- 
 
 le gover.img pow- 
 
 tcnance or protection we might obtain from t' 
 ors. Mr. Kitst)n kindly od'ered to conduct us (ither to Mr. 
 Brown's or C'apt. Callahan's; and just as we had (piiUed our ves- 
 sel, Mr. Moody, formerly clerk to the King's Chapel, appeared to 
 welcome our arrival. Jiut as it may ail'ord some diversion to 
 
 *Sic iuiMS. 
 
1779.] 
 
 1. 1 F E O F U F. V . J A C O K B A I L !•: Y . 
 
 157 
 
 tlio (•lmi•t^ ( us rouv^cr, 1 will suspend my ir.in*;)tioii a few rno- 
 mciits to dt'sciihi; Uic :-in<iii!;!rity of onr apparel, and the order 
 of onr ]>niees:i()n ihruu^li llie slriM'ts, which were siu'prisinifly 
 c'ontv;)..-ted l>y t!u' el'ixarit. dresses of the i^entleuien aiuJ ladies 
 we I'.i'itpeii.'d ki Ki.ee; in oiir ienutliy a;nl)nlation. And lure I 
 atn eord'oiiii !< dly at a loss where io bi'i^iii, whether with Capl. 
 HniiUi or iiiyself, but as he was ;i faithful pilot to this iiaven of 
 repose, I coi.clndi^ it is no more tlian ifratituile and complai- 
 sance to gi\e hitn tiip pfeferenc e. ife was clothed in a long 
 swingling thread-l)are coat, and the rest of his habit displayed 
 the Vvm;', rabie signatinvs of anticputy, both in tlie, form and 
 !Uite;i ''s. His hat cti.ried a long peak before, exactly perj'X'ii- 
 dicular lo the l(.)ngilnde of ]\\< aqtiiline nose. On the right 
 hand (^f tlii ■ sleek (romu.'ander sliuflled along yoiu" very humble 
 servant, having his u-it adornetj with a ))air of shoes, which 
 sustained the uearks of rebellion and independence. My leg.s 
 were covered with ;i lhi( k i.-;iir of bine woolen stockings, which 
 had beeri so often iticnded and d.irned by the (ingers of frugal- 
 ii.ty, that earce an alt)iii of llu; original remained. I\Iy breech- 
 es, wITk-Ii j'ist ciUieeaied 1 1n' slitinie of my na!cedtie-s, had for- 
 merly been b!ac!:, liut ilie cidor being wovn out by age, in)ihing 
 remained bill a. rusty gn>y, be>pattered with lint ami bedaubed 
 with pii-.-h. 0\yr a co. iise tow and linen >hirt, manufactured 
 in tlie looUiS of t^edition, I su^iained -a coat and waistcoat of 
 the same daitdy grey rurs.'t; ;ind, to secrete from public in- 
 spection Ilie innumerable renis, holes, and deformities, which 
 time and nii''f<trt(mes ii,\d wrought in these ragged :md 
 wearher-beaien garnuaMs, I wa.s fmaii:-hed wit!" a blu.e surtout, 
 fn-tti'd ;>t lh.' elbows, worn at the button-holes, iuid stain'ed 
 with a viiieiy of tini-. so thai it might tridy be styled a coat 
 of maiiy colours, ar.d to rendia* this external department of my 
 habit still iiMtrc consjiit-uous and worthy, of observation, the 
 waii^t descended below my knees, juid the skirts hung dangling 
 aI)GUt my h.'els ; and toco.a[)lete the whole a jaundice-coloured 
 wig, devoid of curls, was shaded by the rtMiinants of a rusty 
 beaver, its monstrous I'rim re|)!eU'W!th notches and furrows, 
 and <j;rovvn lltno-v bv the alternate inflietitins of storm and 
 smishlne, Injipi-d ov(a' my shoulders, and obseur(;d a face 
 
r^i 
 
 I' I 
 
 
 I! 
 , i 
 
 i 
 
 :l 
 
 ! 
 
 I ■ 1 
 
 J -^l 
 
 
 !;<t '<■ - 
 
 ]58 
 
 F R o N T 1 1; 11 missionary; or, 
 
 [1779. 
 
 meagre ' •ha fiunine and wriiikhnl with solicltvulc My con- 
 sort, uiid iiciee eainc ];igf^in<i; beliiiid ni a little di'tance, i,? 
 forinir Jirrayed in a ragged baize niglit-gowii, tied 'round her 
 midi'.le with a woolen string itislead of a sash; the hitter carried 
 upon her l)aek \\\v. tattered remains of an hemU)ck-colonred 
 linsey-woolsey, and both I heir heads were adorned with bon- 
 nets coinj)osed of blaek uioih-eaten stnll", almost devoured with 
 the teeth of tiuu\ 1 forgot tt) mention th<* admirable figure of 
 Iheir pciti 'coats, jagged at the bottom, distinguished by a multi- 
 tude of ti:^:;invs, and curiously ilrabbled in the mud, for an heavy 
 rain \s as n.iv.' b(^ginning to set in. And to close this solemn pro- 
 cession, Tit: Mayer and our tailliful.lohn marched along in all tiie 
 priuc of poverty and majesty of rags and patches, which exhibit- 
 ed the various dyes of the vainljow. The Doctor proeeedeu W'itli 
 ay«'llo.w l)ushy beard, grinning all the vvay, while his broad 
 Dutch face opened at his moutii from ear to ear. The other 
 continued his progression with a doleful solemnity of counte- 
 nance, as if he designed to give a kind of dignity to the wretch- 
 ed fragnienta of his apparel which lloated in the wind. In this 
 manner our procession began, and was supported till we arrived 
 at Ca[iJ- ('allahan's, near half a mile from the place of our land- 
 ing. This worthy gentleman, who was formerly my friend and 
 neiglibour, was at this time absent on the expedition to Penob- 
 scot. Having olitained ci»trance, wc saw no person in the room 
 but I'olly Clensy, a young girl whom this family had transported 
 from Kennebeck. Af'i< r her >-urprise at our unexpected appear- 
 ance was a little abaud, she ran up stairs to inform Mrs. 
 Callahan of our arrival, but in her preci[)itation forgot to men- 
 tioii her Uod-son, Charley, which ueade her immediately con- 
 clude that we had by sonu; f.Ual a<.'cident lost him. This filled 
 the good woman with alarming emotions, and she hastened 
 down with evident expressions of anxiety and tremor in her 
 face, i'ov it was some liiomeiits before she observed the little 
 cliari;'er j)rattling about the room. Indeed, we were all so 
 deeply utleeted with this liappy meeting that we could hardly 
 speak t(^ vM-h other, and a scene of silent confusion ensued 
 till our various agitations began to subside. Mrs. Callahan 
 quickly inrormed us that she had a dream the precediiig night, 
 
 ,.L. 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 159 
 
 which occasioned her no small uneasiness. She imnrrined in 
 her sleep, that as she was dressing before breaklast, I'olly came 
 running up to her chamber in the utmo>t hnrry, and a«;snred 
 her that Mr. Bailey and family were all saft ly ari!V( d from 
 New England except little (^harlry, who was mi.-sing, npoii 
 which information she descended v.ilh an hi'avy heart, and 
 found all as Polly had re|5resrnt(>d — all the family ])resent 
 except the lovely child. Slu^ fmiher faturicd in her drejun, 
 that in the midst of our tiiniual incjuiries and congrati;! ilions, 
 Master Harry Brown came in, and after i);iyiiig hi-; compli- 
 ments informed us that his papa was coming immi'<HaTely to 
 give us joy. 
 
 No sooner had Mrs. Callahan fmir^hcd her dream than blas- 
 ter Harry came smilir)g and bhishing into the rooni. and aft(>r 
 bidding ns wcIcoiih! to Halifax, ac<-)uainted nui {\v,\.\. his pupa 
 was approaehing to pay me his compliirients. The women, 
 upon this occasion, declared with united voices, that the dream 
 wa*5 fulfilled in a very remarkabk- irrumer. By this tipie my old, 
 generous friend, Mr. Brown, was arrived, in company wiii Cap- 
 tain Martin (>ay, a refugee from Boston. These tvvo worthy 
 gentlemen, by their ol)liging conduci and sensible conv(n--a{ion, 
 greatly relieved our spirits. In a f< v minutes aftt r, we weu 
 favoured with a visit from tin; polite and generous Doctor 
 Breynton, Rector of St. Paul's Cliu/ch iti Halihix. He ad- 
 dressed us with that case, frt^'dom, and gentleness peciliar to 
 himself. His coui\tenance exhibited a most finished picture 
 of compassionate good natm-e. and the ell'iisions of teiid(>rness 
 and humanity glisteniMl in his veiuaable eyes when he had 
 learned part of oiu* hi>tory. He kindly 'assured us that he 
 most heartily congratulated us upon our fortunate deliverant'e 
 from tyraimy, oppression, and poverty, and he declared that 
 we might depend on his attention and assistance to make us 
 comfortable and happy. The turn of his feature^, and the 
 manner of his expression, aflorded ti convincing evidence of 
 his sincerity, and the event afterwards gav(> m.' undeniable 
 demonstration that I was not mistaken in my fav()m'ai)lc con- 
 jectures. Before we parted he inforiiH'd me that it was ex- 
 pected I should wait upon the (Joviu'iior at ch.'ven to aeipiaint 
 
 i 
 
 •■ i 
 
Pi 
 
 ! ■ i 1 
 
 JJil: 
 
 IGO 
 
 FRO N T 1 1: R .MI S .S I ( ) N A R i 
 
 O R , 
 
 [1779. 
 
 liiiTi \v\\\i my arrivnl, and 1o solicit lii-; coiinlcnaiK <■ aud \,ro~ 
 t(H'li()ii. 
 
 Breakfast bring prc])arocl and ilu* tabic adorned v.'i;h ]>r<;ppr 
 furniture for tea and a loaf of (lonr bread, oar voiing shaver, 
 who had ru'ver seen anything of th*' like iiainre !>,nd con-lrne- 
 tion before, was so moved with its apj^'earanef^, thtit he ran 
 i'miling to the table, and, a,-snming every childish exj.'re; sion 
 of a(hniration and joy, exclaimed in ihe fulness of lii.^; Iu>art : 
 
 lie 
 
 )ii 
 
 r" 
 
 "Fray, maimna, wh^il ir; lliat on Mrs. C.'allahairs tal 
 Avas toKl liiat it was Ijrt'ad. '• What i^read, DMinma; i.-- it 
 baked l,)read?'" for lln! poor liitie h 1K)W h;u! nev(M- seen or 
 tasted any bread made of flour. Tlii' inei<!ent yreaily all'eeled 
 the whol(> ct)mj)any, and the good Doe.* r in pai'tieular, c.onUl 
 t?carci'ly refrain from le;irf'.il eiiiulions. He now bt'gged 1o be 
 exensed for tlH> |iresenr, and repaired dire.-ily to .Mr. .Ire'liee 
 Wenman's, kee[)er of the Orplian Iloii-^e, to prnvnve ri •, witl; 
 the assistanet> of this ii^enthanan, a (■r.,ui"ovra.b.le h diila.t ion. 
 This honest magistrate was so toiuau'd v.ith our deplorable 
 circumstances and situation, especially v.iili the ane(:dv)1e of 
 the child, that he took a gi;iii(>a oul, of his j)'>eket, aad, address- 
 ing himself to ihi; Doctor, '• IL-re," sa\s he, "is t'omething to 
 buy the young chatttu'box a lilijc bread for ti>e present.'" 
 
 We had at breakfast an old 1 uly and a very pretty, gonleel 
 young Miss, about twelv(>, nutiU'al d;;ughler to the famous 
 Captain .Mowatr. Dw JJ:- wiron (inicldy returiied with the 
 most soothing expre^sions of kir.daess and friendship, lie; 
 politely entreated Mrs. ilailey to expel iVom her mind all 
 uneasy and distressing apj/rehensitin-, and repeatedly assured 
 lis both, that .many persons among them would cheerfully 
 e.\eft Ihemselves to the utmost of (heir power to make our 
 situation easy and de.-iral)le, and cautioned us iiirainst indulj)in<2: 
 gloomy and anxious ideas any longer. He tluai presented the 
 little I'ory, as he eailefl him, with the guinfa i'rom .Mr, Wenman, 
 and looking upon his v\,i!»h, declared it was time to wait U|)on 
 the Cu)vi'rn*ir. At his diiection, and in his company, lwalk(^d 
 out in my ridiculous b.jbi!, attentled by that ipieerest of mortals, 
 Dr. Miyer, who, N> reader his |)overty still more cons|)icuous, 
 ha^U put oiiyuver Ifcis w^ uuU dirty linen, a thread-bare .scarlet 
 
 iiil 
 
f). 
 
 1779.] 
 
 LIFE O V II E V . J A C O 15 1» A I L E V 
 
 IGl 
 
 coat, Ijrouglit out of (u'rinuiiy near tliiiiy ycar.s a<fo. In our 
 progrcj^^, our kind conductor introduced nic to several gentle- 
 men who happened to l)e in our way, an\ong which number 
 it would be ungratefid ni-t: 1o mentii)n Col. Jjnller, the agent 
 victualler, and one of llin Majesty's Council for this Province, 
 who observing the meaimess of my dress, took the l)t)ctor 
 aside and ordered me a suit of su])erline broadcloth. The 
 next person of conse(iueiic(5 who engaged our attention was 
 Mr. Franklin, formerly Lieut. (Juvernor of Nova Scotia; he 
 had several Indians in his tra/n, arrayetl in all their tinsel linery; 
 among the rest a Sachem belonging to the tribe of St. Johns. 
 This fellow, by the oddity of hi appearance and the singularity 
 of his visage, immediately struck my iiuagination, and I was 
 unable to look upon him witlujut a mixture of hilarity and 
 wonder. He was arrayed in a long blue co.ii, adorned wilh a 
 scarlet cape, and bound close al)t)ut his loins with a girdle. 
 He wore upon his head a narrow-brimmed ilopped hat, and 
 his face was an entire comj)osition of wrinkles. I was admit- 
 ted to the honor of shaking hands with this xVmerican Monarch, 
 who, eyeing me from heatl to foot, and perceiving that I had 
 more rags than finery about me, I jjlainly discerned that his 
 complaisance was ujingled with a tlegree of contempt, for, 
 instead of pulling t)il" his iiat, lu' only touched it with his 
 fingers and nodded his head; though 1 remarked a few days 
 after, when I was dressed in a new suit of clothes, li(> ap- 
 proached me with higher marks of veneration, and did not 
 fail to take his hat wholly from his head. Thus people of all 
 nations, both barbarous and polished, reveri'iice and respect 
 their fellow creatures, not for (lualities, which belong to human 
 nature, l)ut on account of those ornaments for which they an; 
 indel)ted to other parts t)f the creation. In our way to the 
 supreme ruler of the Provini-c, tlie Doctor conducted me into 
 his lodgings at Mr. Fletcher's, where he presented me with .. 
 beaver, almost n(>w, and then, crossing the street, introduced 
 me to the (Jovernor. W(> ents-red through a gate into a large 
 back yard, where we found two or three servants attending. 
 Actpiainting them wath our business, tlu-y conducted us into 
 an I'legant apartment, and after waiting a few minutes his 
 21 
 
 ■:l! 
 
 li 
 
 R 
 
 
 -t| 
 
 
102 
 
 F II O N T I E R MISSIONARY 
 
 OR. 
 
 [1779. 
 
 111 i: 
 
 m< 
 
 Honor appoarcd, and kindly w(>lconi(Ml mo to his govornmonf, 
 and then, desiring os to bf seatcul, bogan to ask rnc a vari(;ty 
 of ((ucstions conei'rning Now England, ar)d al)ont tiie eastern 
 country and my own private nlVairs. I endeavored to satisfy 
 his curiosity in the best manner I was a})le. I assured him 
 that tile inhabitants of New England were in a deploraljle 
 sitwation, torn 1o pieces by discontent and factions among 
 tiiemselv(^s, heartily tir(vl of the; war, tsick of their French 
 alliance, reduced to i)overty, ;uid sorely distressed for want of 
 provisions. As to thi> eastern country from which I was happy 
 enough to escape, I informed him that the people w^cre almost 
 universally dissat/slied with Ihe dominion of the Congress; 
 that tliey wen; laboring under Ihe horrors of nakedness and 
 /amine, and at the same time cruelly harrassed and jw^rsecuted 
 by a immber of inexorable tyrants, who had got all the power 
 into Ihejr hands; and lastly, 1 gave him a short history of my 
 own adventur(>s among the rebels, and of the injurious treat- 
 uient I received at their hands. During our conversation, Mr. 
 Buckley, the Secretary, ciame in and gave me his most hearty 
 congratulations. After the Secretary had retired we continued 
 our c<inv(n'sation about the Am<>rican rebellion, when I signified 
 to the (lovi'mor that I was perfectly acquainted with the 
 capital leadc'/s in the present revolt, and from a thorough 
 knowledge of tjjeir tempers, principl(\s and circumstances, I 
 was far from v/ondi-ring at their proceedings, since I always 
 considered them as j^roper implements of faction, sedition and 
 turlMilence ; sifubition, avarice and revenge, being their pre- 
 dominant and governing passions. I found the Governor very 
 sociable; and strictly inquisitive. At parting h" assured me 
 that he would employ his interest to procure me relief and to 
 make my abode in th(> Province agreeable, and in the conclu- 
 sion advised me to prepare a memorial of my adventures and 
 suflerings, with a view to its speedy ])ub!ication. This he 
 t^uiiijfested as the most eligible method of obtaining some 
 present emolument. 
 
 Having taken my leave of the Governor, Dr. Breynton 
 presented me with a couple of Jo's, and, who could believe it, 
 my simple heart danced within me at the appearance of gold, 
 
 iilii 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE or REV. JACOH I^AILEY. 
 
 1()3 
 
 wicked ^oldl thiit luis been, uiid still coiitiiuics to ho, the 
 pan; lit of U'.n tltousiiiid (jvils, Tliou pernicious mctall Who 
 shall presume \o declare iu thy favour, after all the mischief 
 thou hast occasioned in the world.' Thou hast often, by thy 
 all-conniianding power, coujpelied mankind to des|)ise the 
 demands of justice, to spread the llamcs of devastation, to 
 wield the sword of destruction, to dissolve the tenderest ties 
 of nature, and to commit the most shockin<^ enormities with 
 impunity. I have seen multitudes sn bewitched by thy 
 glittering charms as to renounc^e the most sacred obli<^aiions 
 and the softest feelings. Inspired by thee, they have clos(!d 
 up the bowels of ctimpassion, have; turned away their eyes 
 from the sight of distress, and havi; been deaf when the voice 
 of misery pierced the very heavens. For thee, men have 
 renounced the principles of truth and veracity, have proved 
 false to their engagements, have appealed to the Almighty for 
 the confirmation of a lie, have Ix'traycd their country, have 
 conspired against their King, denied their Saviour, and blas- 
 phemed their God, and yet, notwithstanding all these; and a 
 million other ilagrant crimes thou art daily teaching men to 
 commit, yet still thou art res[)ected, courted, followed, and 
 adored with the profoundest veneration. 
 
 Parting from this benevolent gentleman while my heart was 
 bursting with gratitude, I took this opportunity of visiting 
 Mrs. Brown and her lovely daughter, neither of whom I had 
 seen since my arrival. Our meeting was ad'ectionate and our 
 declarations of friendship and tenderness jjcrfectly sincere. 
 As soon as the rapturous ellusions of b(!nignity and the irreg- 
 ular expressions o! mutual ardor began to subside, INIrs. Brown 
 presented me witli a bottle of Kep|)en's snutK, a comfortable 
 repast for my nose, and then ordered me a pair of English 
 shoes, and a couple of black worsted stockings. The sight 
 and possession of the British manufactures gave |)leasure to 
 my inward maji, and compelled me to smile at both corners of 
 my mouth, while the considerate and bountiful indulgence of 
 my former friends began to smooth the furrows of my face, 
 and I returned back to Mrs. Callahan's, I verily believe, with 
 the loss of several wrinkles. Soon after my return, Mr. 
 
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 BiMiiu'f, anotlirr clfTCfyman and IMissionary from the Society 
 caiini to visit ns, and made a politt; tender of his service. His 
 desii^n was, if f had no family, to oiler me a part of his 
 lodifings ill Ihe Asseml)ly Tlouse. We had what T esteemed 
 an eh'fTant dinner, for it was so long sinee T beheld a well 
 furnished table, that what others esteemed only toleral)|e, 
 appeared to me splendid and snmptnons beyond c-ompare. I 
 found myself extremely contented and li:ippy in the society, 
 the pleasing smiles and oi)liging conversatit)n of my friends, 
 without the dread of any fatal interruption from the nnweleouK; 
 intrusion of some surly committ(>e man, or unfeeling ollieer 
 of the Congres-', M'ith malice^ in his heart, vengesince in his 
 face, and destruction in his hands. But I shall take occasion 
 in my next day's journal to draw a more critical cojitrast 
 between my ])resent and former situation. But I cannot 
 forbear reciting an incident in my own feelings and conduct, 
 which plainly evinced thtit I had not yet lianished New 
 England from my remembrance. This afternoon, as I v.-as 
 sitting at I\Ir. Brown's, a number of ])(>ople being persent, some 
 person knocked at the door, u|)oi5 which I started by an invol" 
 nntary impulse, and, suddenly springing out of my seat, 
 hastened to the other side of thi^ roovn. This v^-as attended 
 with visible terror in my countenance, which excited the 
 laughter of the company, for they had sagacity enough to 
 discern the cause of my agitation and affright. ]\Irs. Brown 
 exclaimed, 'Pray, sir, compose yourself, and recollect that 
 here is no cornmittiv man ai)proaching to disturb yonr tran- 
 quillity.' After dinner, I\Ir. (Jeorge TJght and his brothercame 
 to iMrs. Callidian's, highly elevated Avitli the novelty of the 
 scenes and with the freedom and plenty which appeared in 
 this town. They informed ns that young Ilolfman had the 
 pleasure of finding his mother aliv(% who received her son with 
 the warmest transport of joy. She had near a twelvemonth 
 before received intelligence of his death, and that he ^vas 
 killed fighting with the rebels at the famous battle of Bunker 
 Hill. Upon which distressing intelligence she arrayed herself 
 in the habit of mourning, and sadly bewailed the untimely 
 fate of her beloved child, and a circumstance which added to 
 
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 1770.] 
 
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 liPT oxtrrme adliciion romnins to 1)(^ recited. Tliis John was 
 tlic last survivor out of ten cliildrcn, who had ht'cii horn by a 
 former hnshand. Such uiie\|)ected revolution of Provifh-nce 
 in lier favour must liave filled her with the tenderesi cil'usions 
 of rapture and exultation. In the afternoon, towards eveiunji^, 
 I revisited Mr. Hrown, hut he hein^ absent, I tarrii'd and dranU 
 tea with his agreoahh^ family. I perceived in the eoiirse of 
 conversation at this hospitable mansion, that Mr. Nathaniel 
 (Jardiner, notwithstiindiiiijf his impiulentand foppish behavioiu" 
 at Halifax, had not been guilty of so much frauil and l)reaeh 
 of trust as wc; imai^dned. My friends, in particular, were cau- 
 tious of trnstiuii; him with any f,'reat matters, especially as lie 
 was in danger of beina; ])lundered by the American pirates, how- 
 ever honest and faithful he might be in the main. Mrs. Hrown 
 however sent ns a ])ound of the best Hyson tea and some 
 trillcs, which were never delivered, except on»! pound of l^oliea. 
 I was now assured that the paper which (^ajitain Callahan 
 had brought to Halifax, giving the history of my famous trials 
 before the committee, and the letters I had intrusted 1o the 
 earn of (Jardiner had prepared me a way for a generous recep- 
 tion. Several circnmstiinces, it iimst be confessed, were a 
 littU; unfavourable in the present prospect. Governor Arbtith- 
 iiot, who greatly interested himself in my favom*, was removed 
 from i\w Province, and destined to command the Royal navy 
 in America, and (ieneral Massy, who had imbibed the same 
 favourable sentiments, was recalled, and General McTican 
 appointed to succeed him. Never were two gentlemen of 
 more ditl'erent dispositions. The former was sociable, humane, 
 generous and friendly, and exerted himself beyond measure to 
 oblige and assist the refugees. But the other was ojjinionated 
 and headstrong, insensible to every softer feeling, and under 
 the iiretcncc that Government was imposed upon, had ordered 
 the rations to be taken away from two or three hundred 
 persons, continuing them to only about twenty refugees. 
 
 A gentleman who waited upon Mr. Arbuthnot wh(Mi he had 
 the perusal of my papers, stated that he could scarcely refrain 
 from shedding tears, and he afterwards declared that he had it 
 in view to procure my enlarg;oment fron". bondage and persecu- 
 
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 tion, iiiul just before liis departure from Britain he expressed 
 his concern that I was not yet arrived from New England. 
 ' If,' said he, ' tlie cruel treatment and severe persecution of 
 the rebels should afl'ect his life, there is nothing to be done, 
 but'should he survive their malice and make his escape, I will 
 certainly do something for his advantage.' 
 
 The Secretary, Mr. Buckley, was extremely moved witii the 
 narrative, and oll'ered to send me ten guineas, provided my 
 friends could find any method of conveying them with safety, 
 and ihis day, meeting Mr. Brown in the street, he caught hold 
 of his hand, and repeated, with the highest emotions of pleas- 
 ur ', ' I heartily congratulate you on the fortunate escape of 
 your friend from his wretched confinement, and you may de- 
 }iend upon my assistance to procure him any benefit in my 
 power.' These incidents were very soothing, and tended to 
 -jxl'ilarate my spirits after such a profusion of fatigue, depres- 
 sion, and anxiety. It was, however, some abatement to my 
 felicity when I found no British forces were yet arrived from 
 England, either here or at New York. I had, notwithstand- 
 ing, some pleasing expectations from the expedition to the 
 eastern country, under the conduct of General McLean. I 
 now understood that he had sailed with about eight hundred 
 land forces, accompanied with six or seven armed vessels. His 
 design was, if he met with a reinforcement from New York, 
 to make a descent upon Falmouth, or otherwise to take pos- 
 session at Penobscot. In the afternoon I was again in com- 
 pany with the worthy Capt. Gay, who had something very 
 singular and afiecting in his story. This gentleman was son 
 to Parson Gay, of Ilingham, was captain of the militia in the 
 rebellious town of Boston, and a deacon of Howard's meeting, 
 but being a man of steady principles and unshaken virtue, was 
 early disgusted with the proceedings of his countrymen. He 
 took every convenient opportunity of discovering his senti- 
 ments of loyalty, which rendered himself highly obnoxious to 
 the malignant and furious faction in Boston. This obliged 
 him to apply to the King's troops for protection, and having 
 conveyed away his family, excepting his eldest son, to Hing- 
 ham, he lied with General Howe and his forces to this Pro- 
 
il 
 
 1770.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. TACOH HAILEY 
 
 1()7 
 
 vince, upon the evacuation of the abovo-mcnfioncil town. 
 Soon after his arrival he placed his son, a very promising 
 youth, about seventeen, under the care of iNfr. Allen, an emi- 
 nent merchant in Halifax. Mr. (v.iy afterwards rej)aired to 
 Cumberland, where he had some interest, upon business. 
 During the absence of the alfectionate father the son was per- 
 suaded one day tj go a gnnning in com])any with a son of 
 Mr. Allen, with whon> he had contracted a most intimate ac- 
 quaintance. After they had diverted themselves several honrs 
 they returned towards town, when, by some unfortunate acci- 
 dent, Mr. Allen's gun went oil' and killed his friend (Jay dead 
 upon the spot. This melancholy and tragical atliiir threw the 
 whole family into the deepest grief and consternation. Before 
 these sorrowful emotions had subsided they despatched a mes- 
 senger with the shocking intelligence to the uidiapjjy father, 
 who met the messenger on the road between Windsor and 
 Halifax as he was returning from Cumberland. This alarm- 
 ing and adecting information must have occasioned the most 
 painful sensations in the bosom of the ])ereaved parent, but 
 he sustained all the a mictions which Providence was jileased 
 to pour upon him with surprising firnuiess, resignation, and 
 silent composure. We had in company this afternoon another 
 refugee, one Mr. Atkins, formerly a merchiuit in Boston, and 
 afterwards a Custom House ollicer at Newbury. He had suf- 
 fered almost every species of indignity, was frecpiently seized 
 by the hand of lawless power, kept under confinemenr, and 
 threatened with destruction, till he was fortunate enough, al)out 
 eleven months ago, to enlarge himself from their clutches. He 
 fled along the eastern shore, and arrived at this asyliun by the 
 way of Machias. Towards night, having my head confused 
 with a variety of objects and entertainments of various kinds, 
 I repaired to Mrs. Callahan's, where we passed away the eve- 
 ning in conversation, and related to each other our several 
 adventures since our parting last year at Kennebeck. Mrs. 
 Callahan informed us, that having embarked from Kennebeck 
 with one Cermine, a Scotchman, in a little schooner of about 
 ten or twelve tons, they put out to 'sea, and after coasting 
 along the eastern shore for several days, at length crossed the 
 
 
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 Bay of Fundy in a tliick fog. It was with extreme dillicnlty 
 they made Aniia|)olis (Jut, where sslie was fortunate enouirh to 
 meet her husband, tlien commander of the (Jage, and after 
 tarrying at Annapolis some time she went 'round to Halifax 
 by water, where; she arrived about six weeks after f^lie left 
 Kennebeck, and has since becm settled in tramjnillity, and able 
 to liv(; in a comfortable mr.nner without any molestation from 
 rebel committees. She then gave me a short history of her 
 husl)and's fortune from the time he left his own habitation at 
 Pownalborough. 
 
 June 22(1. This morning, after breakfast, received another 
 visit from the good Doctor, who informed me that he had j). o- 
 vided us witji an habitation, and desired me to attend him in 
 order to view it. Pleased with this agreeable intelligence I 
 immediately complied witii his reiiuisition. In our way we 
 happened to meet with Dr. Prince, a refugee from Salem, a 
 gentleman who had acquired in the space of five years a large 
 fortune by merchandise. To this countryman of mine the 
 Doctor introduced me, and, having accjuainted him with my 
 necessitous circumstances, the other generously gave me eight 
 dollars. 
 
 The house which the Doctor had procured belonged to Mr. 
 Justice Wenman, keeper of the Orphan House, and stood 
 on the east side of I'leasant Street, which runs straight 
 froiu the Grand Parade, near the Church, to the water, and is 
 almost a mile in length. This is the most elegant street in 
 the town, and is much frecpiented by gentlemen and ladies for 
 an evening walk in line weather. After tea we perceive one 
 gay company after another, in perpetual succession, dressed in 
 their linest apparel, which affords a line and cheerful appear- 
 ance. At the gate we have an extensive; prt)spect of the har- 
 bour and the adjacent ocean, which is closed by the southern 
 horizon, and can discover every sail coming from the v/estward 
 the moment it proceeds 'round .lebucto Head. To the north- 
 ward the street extends adorned with the grand Provo, Assem- 
 bly House, Church, and private buildings to a vast distance, 
 and is limited by a cross street, three-quarters of a mile from 
 hence To the west arise beautiful ranges of green (ield-<, in- 
 
1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF llEV. JA(OH 15 A I LEY. 
 
 1()0 
 
 trrsipersed with sevenil nMiiarlv.iblf t'tructurcs, as Fort Massy, 
 the Ciovernor's summer hi)iisi', the Work House; and beyond 
 these the Citadel Hill, with all its fortilications and warlike ap- 
 jiaratus, towers aloft in majestie grandeur, and overlooks boih 
 the town and the adjacent country. We enter through a spa- 
 cious gate into a decent yard, with an avenue to the house, 
 bounded on each side l)y a little grove of English hawthorns, 
 in this season in all their blooming glory. The house consist- 
 ed of a convenient kitchen, a tight cellar, a chamber, ami an 
 elegant parlour, papered and containing two closets, lii'fore 
 the door was a little porch with a seat. From the two eastern 
 windows we had a most charming prospect of Mr. Wen man's 
 garden, in which were planted such a profusion of willows, 
 hawthorns, and fruit trees of various kinds, that they formed a 
 perfect wilderness, extremely pleasant to the sight and grateful 
 to the smell. And, indeeil, when we lot)ked out of these 
 windows we rather fancied ourselves in the midst of a woody 
 country, than in the heart of a po])ulous town. ])r. Breynton 
 introduced me to Mr. Wenman, who, like a true Englishman, 
 gave me a hearty welcome. I found him a large, robust man, 
 near seventy years of age, with scarce a wrinkle in his face; 
 but he assured me that notwithstanding he appeared with such 
 a llorid, strong, and healthy constitution, he had been above 
 twenty years alllicted with a complication of disorders, such 
 as the gout, gravel, and stone, besides a troublesome cough, 
 which seized him on a sudden, and continued with such vio- 
 lence that it frequently deprived him of strength. The jieople 
 being gone to fetch our trilles from on board the schooner, I 
 tarried with Mr. Wenman till their arrival. I ({uickly discov- 
 ered him to be an enemy to the American rebellion, and after 
 cursing most heartily the leaders, In; proceeded to inform me 
 that this Metropolis contained a nuiltitude of persons disaf- 
 fected to government, for which reason he seldom went abroad 
 and that upon such occasions he never visited but two families. 
 He appeared to be a rough, open, and honest Englishman, 
 generous ; friendly, and humane, \vhere he imagines an object 
 deserving, but those who are artful, designing, or conceited, 
 can look for no more than bare justice from him, and that they 
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 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
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 [1779. 
 
 may expect to receive with the most exact pniietnality. When 
 he conveys a favour the matier is done without any ceremony, 
 and, if you attcMupt to return any compliments or acknowledge- 
 ments, lie would rather aj)p('ar to be oU'ended, and declare, with 
 a bluntness peculiar to himself, ' I hav(? not done this trifle out 
 of any particular rci^ard to yourself, for I should have shown 
 the same, or perhaps a greater favour, to any other person in 
 the same circumstances.' lie assured mo. that when any 
 person had oH'ended him he never forgave him, for, though he 
 scorned to take any revenge, or to ofler him the least injury, 
 yet he immediately broke oil' all connection with him, and 
 never trusted him afterwards, lint notwithstanding this de- 
 claration, I am certain that he might easily be reconciled when 
 the offending person had not been guilty of baseness and 
 treachery in his conduct. Whilst we continued engaged in 
 this conversation he made several shrewd remarks upon the 
 behaviour of my countrymen, who formerly used the Halifax 
 trade. Some he acknowledged to be remarkably honest and 
 fair traders as ever he met with in the compass of his acquaint- 
 ance, but in general he found them to be the profoundest hyp- 
 ocrites in nature, and the cunningest knaves ujion earth; for 
 though men advanced in life were averse to swearing, and 
 would pucker up their mouths, and roll their eyes towards 
 Heaven at the mention of an oath, yet they would not scruple 
 to lie, and deliberately appeal to the Almighty in confirmation 
 of a falsehood. He likewise added that he had been acquaint- 
 ed with several young fellows from Boston government, who 
 upon their first arrival at Halifax would not utter a profane 
 oath, or execration, upon the most powerful excitement or pro- 
 vocation, but only when highly exasperated exclaim, ' I vow 
 you are a serpently devil, a'most!' And yet in a few weeks 
 these very conscientious travellers would disengage themselves 
 from all the restraints of education, and exceed the most aban- 
 doned sailors in bold and daring imjiiety. They would both 
 take the Sacred Name in vain, and practice the most horrid 
 curses, and even make a public scofi' and ridicule of all religion. 
 When the old gentleman had entertained me with two or three 
 of his long-winded stories, I was diverted from any longer 
 
.i^l 
 
 1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF llEV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 171 
 
 attendance by the arrival of our people, and having conveyed 
 our treasure, consisting of two ancient feather beds, — through 
 the weather-beaten crevices of which the down issued in great 
 abundance, — one patclied (jnilt, containing a greater variety 
 of colours than the rainbow; half of a very elderly rug, worn 
 to the (jnick, and half a i>air of sheets, and A small chest con- 
 taining the remnants of poverty, viz.: one silk gown, five bat- 
 
 i(;red knives and forks, the same " 
 
 The remainder of the Journal is missing. 
 
 
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 F R N T 1 1: !l M I S S I N A U Y ; OR, 
 
 [1779. 
 
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 CHAPTER VIIT. 
 
 Tun pa])er of the earliest date after tlic termination of ilio 
 .lournal, wliicli lias come into the liaiuLs of the writer of this 
 Memoir, is the following: — 
 
 TO MR. JOHN CAHM/roN, AT WOOT.WIcri, N. E. 
 
 Ila/ifax, June 2rj, 1779. * * " The General Assembly of 
 the I'rovince have given me two hundred dollars, (not square 
 ones,)* and I have received in j)rivat(^ presents nearly three 
 hundred more. The lady of Col. Phi|)s,f upon my reeom- 
 inendation, desires that if the King's forces should arrive in 
 your neighbourhood, you would be kind enough to point out 
 her farjn, and to suggest some method to preserve the cattle 
 and buildings from destruction." 
 
 Gen. McLean commanded an expedition which had sailed 
 from Halifax that summer and landed at Major-biguyduce, now 
 Castine, which place was fortified by the English forces. To 
 this olficer JMr. Bailey addressed a letter from Halifax, July 
 10th, 1779. The object was to furnish a list of loyalists in 
 and near Kennebeck, known or believed to be such by the 
 writer. If Mr. Bailey was correct, the friends of the British 
 government, in that region, W(>re more numerous than has 
 generally been supposed. He gives the names of twenty-seven 
 residing in Bristol and Broad Bay, J and classes with them "all 
 the Dutch families in Broad Bay, except ten or twelve families," 
 eighteen in Woolwich, thirty-two in GeorgetoAvn, fifty-three 
 
 * " Bcsolvfd, That His Honor, the Lieutenant Governor, be requested to grant a 
 Warrant to Rev. Mr. Bailey of £50, to be paid out of the moneys arising from the 
 duties on Import and Excise, for his present Ilelief. 
 
 Ordered, That this Resolution be sent to His Majesty's Council for concurrence." 
 — Journal of the House of Asstmhh/ of Nora Scotia, June 2M, 1779 ; p. 18. 
 
 t See Sabine's American Loyalists — I'Hii's, Davuj. p. ;)39. 
 
 I Now Waldoborough. 
 
770. 
 
 1779.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 173 
 
 this 
 
 in Powiialhoro', and twenty-two in the towns of St. CJeorgos, 
 Bowdoinliain, Ilallowcll, Topsliam and Wintlirop, In writ- 
 ing to the Vcnerabh; Society under date of Jnly 4th, 1779, 
 Mr. IJailey says : " Sixteen of my hearers are now in the King's 
 service, and the remainder, exce|)t one or two families, are 
 distinguislied for their loyalty." 
 
 Attached to the British forces wiiich held Major-I)ignydnce 
 was Dr. .John Calf, who had married the daughter of Rev. 
 .Tedediah .Jew(;tt, of Rowley, Mr. Bailey's early and kind 
 patron. Mr. Bailey wrote to h'"n from Halifax. lie says: 
 "Being informed that you possess a di'partment in tlie garrison 
 which gives you considerable inihu'nce, I have made this 
 attempt to solicit your interest in case a chaplain siionld be 
 appointed. I am the rather induced to make this application 
 because your station is within the limits of my Mission, and 
 from a tender regard to multitndes of loyal subjects within 
 the county of Lincoln, who are both my friends and piirish- 
 ioners." 
 
 During this summer Mr. Bailey received invitations from 
 two ditl'erent parishes to become their minister. He thus 
 writes to his brother at I'ownalboro': — 
 
 ^'■Halifax, Sept. (^th, 111 9. I have made an excursion into 
 the country, and travelled through all the fme Settlements on 
 the Basin of Minas, and never beheld finer farms than at 
 Windsor, Falmouth, Horton and Cornwallis. The latter is 
 the place where the Neutral French had formerly their principal 
 habitation. I have dined upon the very spot where Charles* 
 Le Blanc formerly lived. Two hundred families are settled in 
 this place, and I am invited to officiate among them this 
 winter, and believe I shall accept their oiler till I can return to 
 Kennebeck in safety. They have agreed to furnish me with 
 an house and firing, to give me an horse worth ten guineas, 
 to be at the expense of my removal, and to allow me a weekly 
 contribution, besides presents, which will amount to more than 
 seventy pounds sterling per year, if I reckon the prices at 
 
 * This should be Reno Le Blanc, who was Public Notary for the Acadians. Vide 
 JIalliburton's Nora Scotia, I. p. 194. 
 
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 r U O N T I J: 11 MISSION A U Y 
 
 oil, 
 
 [1771). 
 
 Halifax. But notwillistaiuliii^ I have been troatcd with nn- 
 coimiioii Ivindiifss and ri's|)ct;t, no consideration .shall cvi-r 
 detain nic from vi.sitin;,' my former friends and neii,'hl)oiirs 
 when the tyranny of C'onj^rests is overpast. I havi; likewise 
 had an invitation to St. Johns and Cumberland. In the latter 
 depart iiK lit. I nii^dit, be admitted C'haplain of the garrison, 
 worth clsO per annum, but I cannot endure tin; thoughts of 
 that remote situation, especially among a set of j)eople disposed 
 to revolt." 
 
 This new Held of Mr. Bailey's labours |)ossessed a varied 
 interest. Its natural scenery is described as extremely beauti- 
 ful, whi'iv' the fertility of its soil has given it the title of "the 
 garden of Xova Scotia." Much of its history, too, can hardly 
 fail to excite emotion. Here dwelt, oidy some few years before, 
 a people who, in many respects, seem almost to have realized 
 the (Jolden Age of the poets. Simple in their manners, and 
 abundantly supplied, from their own labor, with everything 
 which their few wants re(piired, they sought litth* or no inter- 
 course with the rest of the world, from which they were, 
 in a great measure, isolated. 
 
 But they inhabited a country that had frequently changed 
 masters, and they were not gifted with that policy which 
 would enable them to transfer their allegiance with the results 
 of war, or the treaties of European Powers. Their attachment 
 to their fatherland was strengthened by a commurdty of reli- 
 gion. Their manners and customs, the style of their dwellings 
 and the fashion of their dress and ornaments, reminded the 
 traveller of France, which had its representatives in many 
 respects amid the evergreens, and on the dyked meadows of 
 this part of Acadia. The English supposed, and perhaps 
 justly, that the professed neutrality of these simple inhabitants 
 had been violated by indirect assistance to the French, who 
 attacked Chebucto and other places, and that at times they 
 had joined with them and the Indians in their marauding 
 expeditions. Hence it was determined to transport them to 
 other places. And though perhaps this was managed with as 
 much judgment and feeling as the case admitted, yet hundreds 
 were taken from the old, familiar scenes of their nativity, and 
 
1770.] 
 
 LIFE OF IlEV. J A (OH UAILEY 
 
 17.5 
 
 fcatlcrcd through the other Atnorican roloiiics. TTi'rr they 
 t'onid not fail to experience the hatred which wonM l)t' shown 
 to persons sns|)eeted of any pri'vions connection with Ihe 
 Indians, whose harharons warfare had caused so nine!) waste 
 of i)lood and treasure in many phices, and this antipathy 
 would he sharpened hy dislike to the religion of these poor 
 exiles. U|)on the departure of these unfortiniate pcoj)!!', their 
 houses and church were burned by the FjUglish, their doniestie 
 animals jx-rished with hunger, ;ind the dykes, which protected 
 their fertih; meadt)ws from the sea, fell into decay. hMve years 
 after this event a fleet of twenty-two transports, convoyed by 
 an armed vessel of sixteen guns, landed emigrants from New 
 England on the territory that had been occupied by the Neutral 
 French. Two hundred jiersons from C'onnecticnt settled at 
 Cornwallis. Although, as before stated, the natural features 
 of the country were beautiful, yet the nun which had befallen 
 the former inhabitants was distinctly visible, and could hardly 
 fail to inspire melancholy emotions. 
 
 Stockaded houses were erected, and a small detachment of 
 soldiers were stationed at Cornwallis for the protection of the 
 inhabitants against the Indians. The detachment was after- 
 wards increased, and a n^gular military post was established 
 with the pro|)erly fortified btiildings. 
 
 The greater part, if not all, who settled at Cornwallis were 
 dissenters from the! Church of England. But in three vears 
 after their arrival, a Missionary of the Venerable Society 
 was appointed to the region in which that town was situated. 
 
 In 1770, a small church was erected at Cornwallis by Col. 
 Burbidge and Mr. Best, at their own expense.* 
 
 JNIr. Bailey arrived at his field of labour about Oct. 20th, 
 1779. The winter that succeeded was one of anxiety and 
 glooiu. The community was very much divided in religious 
 matters, the Church people were few, about twenty families, 
 who of course were strangers to their new minister, and there 
 were few to sympathize with him in his loyalty to the King. 
 
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 ♦Aiken's Sketch of the Church in the Provinces, p. 25. 
 
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 [1779. 
 
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 His ex|u'ct!ilioiis in the wixy of salary soern not to Imvo bt'cn 
 rt'alizfd, for lu; writi's to a friciiil : " My t'liioliiincnts ari^ small. 
 1 am allowed a little, iiicoiivt'iiiciit house and lire-wood, and 
 get beside live or six shilling's j)erweek eontrihulion for preaeh- 
 ini^'. I hav(! about ten or twelve scholars, which allbrd me 
 about eifjfjit dollars per month. Every neeessary of life is 
 extremely dear in this j)lace." 
 
 Allliction also visited him. lie was informed of the death 
 of his brother at Kennebec, who had been his Parish Clerk 
 there, and also of that of Capt. Callahan, who, while acting 
 as one of tin; Kint^'s Pilots, lost his life by shipwreck in 
 Halifax harbor. This person had been one of his Church 
 Wardens at Pownalboro'. Added to this was pecuniary dis- 
 appointment. A mercantile friend in Halifax, to whom he 
 had intrusted bills of exchange on London for £100 sterling, 
 became i)ankrupt. Mr. Jiaile5', in writing to Rev. Samuel 
 Peiers, formerly of Hebron, Ct., but then in London, mentions 
 the fact of this failure and says: "As I have been obliged to 
 run in debt at Cornwallis for the necessaries of life, this alliiir 
 throws me into an uncomfortable situation." 
 
 Mr. Bailey had sacrificed much more advantageous pros- 
 pects to come to Cornwallis because he considered himself 
 bound in honor to fulfil the engagements he had made with the 
 parish in that town. He writes to Mr. Pochard at Kemiebec: 
 "About ten days after my arrival in Halifax, I received an 
 invitation from some principal gentlemen to visit Cornwallis. 
 I accordingly preached among them two Sundays in August, 
 and, finding nothing more advantageous oH'er, I agreed to 
 remove my family and continue through the winter, but 
 immediately after this engagement I was urged to tany at 
 Halifax, as an assistant to the worthy l)r. Breynton, for which 
 I was olfered ^£70 sterling per year, besides a school worth an 
 hundred more; and what conduced to render this employment 
 still more agreeable, I was assured, both by Dr. Breynton and 
 the Church olficers, that my performances were acce])table to 
 that numerous congregation; and though my being preferred 
 to several other clergymen was a little flattering to my vanity, 
 yet I concluded to adhere to my engagements, and removed 
 
^ 1 
 
 1780.] 
 
 I-IFK OF Ui;V. J.\.(OH HAILKY. 
 
 177 
 
 with my family about tin* middle of Octol"! lo tins di.sianl 
 retreat." 
 
 Diiriii'' tli(> summer of I7><0 Mr. liaih'v writes to his sister- 
 in-law at Keiniebec: " Iliavc lately, without any solicitation 
 on my l)art, been appointed deputy chaplain to the S|tli 
 Rr'm'iment, |iart of which l\ee|> a s,'arrison ut Annapolis." In 
 a sul)se(piei:t letter to a friend, he says: "Dr. Hreynton is 
 included in the appointment and performs the duty'' (in Hall- 
 fax.) The following is ae extract of a lett"r to the Society, 
 P. ( I., dated Nov. Ith in this year. "I beg leave; to Inform the. 
 Venerable Soeietv that I still continue at Cornwallis, and have 
 odieiated without being absent on ■ Sunday since my arrival. 
 I hiive had ii decent and respeetal)l(\ though not a largo congre- 
 gation. Their contributions tc .anJs my sup;K<rt are precarii>us, 
 and all the articles of subsistence are so excessively extrava- 
 gant that my emoluments will hardly support my fatnily. Thr 
 want of books is a misfortune I sensibly feel in my present 
 situation, for I was constrained to leave my library behind 
 when T escaped from New England, and being so remote (Vorn 
 the juetropolis I can receive no assistance from others.'" 
 
 In December of the same year. Rev. Aaron liancrofl arrived. 
 Mr. Bancroft was afterwards a Doctor of Divinity and Con- 
 gregational minister at Worcester, Mass. At first Mr. Bailey 
 was suspieious of him, as the Dissenters in Cornwallis are said 
 by him to have sympathixed in the American Revolution. 
 
 Dr. Hiclis, then residing in the West Indies, had formerly 
 been in Mr. Bailey's neighborhood at Keimebee and become 
 acquainted with the promin(Mit persons there. The following 
 extract of a letter to him dated Dec. 22d, 1780, refer."? to an 
 individual well known in that part of the country. "I fancy 
 you must have been acquainted w^itli John .lones the surveyor 
 of Kemiebeck. After having almost exceeded the famous 
 Roderick Random in adventures and escapes, he obtained a 
 Captain's commission in Rogers' corps, and in .several excur- 
 sions from Penobscot he has performed wonders. Among 
 other exploits he seized the tyrant Cushing at his own house, 
 and conveyed him in a ridiculous dishabille to the British fort." 
 
 The straitness of Mr. Bailey's circumstances at the com- 
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 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1781. 
 
 iTicncemcnt of 1781 may l)e inferred from a statement to his 
 brollier-in-law, Rev. Mr. Weeks: "The contest with regard to 
 a school has terminated in my favour, and I have at present 
 ten scholars, the number j was desirous of instructing, but 
 nothing except necessity would have prevailed upon me to 
 conliinie this laborious and perplexing cmi)loyment." 
 
 In March, 1781, a daughter was born to Mr. and Mrs. Bailey, 
 who was christened Rebecca Lavina. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Caner, formerly Rector of King's Chapel, Bos- 
 ton, Mass., left that place with the British troops who evacu- 
 ated Boston in March, 1770. In writing to a correspondent 
 in April, 17!Sl, Mr. Bailey states, " by letters from London I 
 am informed tiiat Dr. Caner had retired with his young wife 
 to Cardiff, in Wales." 
 
 Several letters are preserved from Rev. Samuel Peters. 
 D. D., then residing in London, to the subject of this Me- 
 moir. They are all of a singular character, like the writer. 
 The following is an extract from one, dated London, Feb- 
 ruary 8th, 1781. * * " What I am next to consider is 
 how I can come at one or two of your sermons, that the public 
 may share with the ingrates of Cornwallis what Sterne would 
 read and devour with pleasure. * * I have heard much of 
 your sermons as to style, sentiment, and composition, that they 
 are exotics and originals. * * You will sec the Farewell 
 to Kennebeck,* but little dilVorenced from the original, which 
 was chiefly done to avoid some words less fashionable now 
 than formerly, and to make even measure, as is the fashion 
 now in ten feet verses. Many verses would have done honour 
 to Young, or Pope, or Milton. The last verse was read aloud 
 in a CotVee House, and drew sighs and tears from many sym- 
 pathizing persons." Another correspondent in London writes, 
 " I have not yet seen the lines you sent to Mr. Peters, who has 
 made you figure in the Magazines by publishing them." 
 
 In reply to the request of Dr. Peters, contained in the fore- 
 going letter, Mr. Bailey writes : " L'l a former letter you men- 
 tioned somewhat about sending you sermons, which, in con- 
 
 *Scc Note K. 
 
r< 
 
 1781.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 nj) 
 
 junction with the desiro of several friends in these parts has 
 induced me to transcribe a number and leave them with Mr. 
 Thomas Brown, of Halifax, which he may transmit, if he 
 pleases. I am sensible that they have nothing to recommend 
 them except their novelty. If they should be thought worthy 
 of publication they will make a volume of the same size with 
 Sterne's. You may allix what title you think proper. They 
 were all, except the first two, delivered since the commence- 
 ment of the rebellion. I had little choice in this collection, for 
 I brought away only about a dozen in my precipitate llight.'' 
 To Rev. William Clarke, formerly Rector of the Church in 
 Dedham, Mass., but who was then residing in London, Mr. 
 Bailey writes: " It would never have entered into my head to 
 oiier any of my sermons for publication had it not been for 
 Mr. Peters. * * You will find them upon singular subjects, 
 chiefiy levelled against the principles of rebellion. These; were 
 chosen from about a dozen which I accidentally brought away 
 from New England. All the rest of my sermons, bov)ks, tJcc., 
 were left behind. I cannot forbear remarking that the otli and 
 7th discourses were highly applauded by the Whigs, and that 
 party, in consequence of what they termed my bold integrity, 
 made me a present of two hundred and fifty dollars, but these 
 were chielly Southern Whigs. The (3th, however, gave great 
 ofi'ence at Falmouth to the rebellious party, who could endure 
 no strictures upon revenge, perfidy, and baseness." To the 
 letter to Dr. Peters, tlur Doctor thus replied: " London, Feb. 15) 
 1782. I received your eight sermons with pleasure and read 
 them. The cost of printing two hundred and fifty is £12, in 
 the size of Sterne. I intend to send you one of them printed 
 the next opportunity." Whether these were ever published 
 the writer of this Memoir has no means of knowing. . 
 
 A History of Connecticut, which has attracted much atten- 
 tion, has generally been ascribed to Dr. Peters, entirely on 
 internal evidence, as the Doctor never acknowledged it. The 
 letter just quoted contains the following: " Some assassin, last 
 sununer, published ■'';e History of Connecticut in a lively and 
 sarcastic style. It is said to be the only true and impartial 
 history ever published about New England. We cannot find 
 
 
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 180 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1781. 
 
 |:* 
 
 out the author, but Harrison Gray, and the Saints of Salem 
 and Boston, like it not. They call it ' a cursed book.' Price 
 6s., bound." 
 
 The occupation by the British, in 1779, of the j)eninr<ula of 
 Major-biguyduce, now called Car^tine, has been befove spoken 
 of. Here they erected a fortlficavion to which they gave the 
 name of Fort George. Many loyalists found their way thither, 
 among them some of Mr. Bailey's friends in the eastern coun- 
 try. A desire to be with them, and discontent with the place 
 of his residence, induced him to think favorably of a removal 
 thither. In several of his letters he mentions this wish of his, 
 to which some of the residents at Fort George responded, as 
 appears by a subscription paper drawn up this year for his 
 support, and signed by fifteen persons. Among these names 
 are Jere. Pote, Robert Pagan, Robert Pagan, Jr., and Thomas 
 Wyer, formerly of Falmouth, now Portland. In a letter to 
 the Society, P. G., Nov. 8, 1781, Mr. Bailey says: "I have 
 had several applications from my friends at Penobscot for my 
 removal thither, but, thoiigli that settlement has greatly in- 
 creased, other gentlemen, upon whose friendship and judgment 
 I can rely, advise me not to venture while matters remain in 
 their present precarious situation." In two years after the 
 place was given up by the British. 
 
 Events were in progress that led to his appointment as Mis- 
 sionary at Annapolis. This place has be(Mi before spoken of, 
 under its French name of Port Royal, as the residence of the 
 adventurers from France in the years 1()04 and 160-'). During 
 the century that followed, the basin that lies in its front bore 
 on its bosom at various times hostile fleets, and the neighbor- 
 ing hills echoed back the rattling of musketry and the report 
 of cannon, used by those who attacked and those who defend- 
 ed the important fortress which was thert^ established. INIar- 
 tial law alone prevailed for many long years. No Protestant 
 minister had settled himself at this distant post, but Romish 
 priests ministered to the garrison and the neighboring savages 
 in those years, when the French had possession of Port Royal. 
 It was not till 1713 that Nova Scotia finally passed by treaty 
 into the hands of the English, who, in honor to the reigning 
 
1781.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 181 
 
 sovereign, changed the name of Port Royal to Annapolis. The 
 importance of its position, and its being the residence of the 
 Governor of Nova Scotia, and of military ollicers of high rank, 
 made it the most noted place cast of Boston, excepting Louis- 
 burgii. It thus remained until 17o0, when the seat of govern- 
 ment was removed to the rapidly rising town of Halifax. 
 
 The first English INIissionary* at Annaj)olis was the Rev. 
 Thomas Wood, formerly of New Jersey, but who was trans- 
 ferred from that Province to Halifax in 17;")G. In addition to 
 the performance of the labors of his Mission he was enabled 
 to visit Annapolis twice in 17()2, and in the next year removed 
 to that place. He became so familiar with the Micmac lan- 
 guage as to form a grammar of it, aiid to otiiciate to the In- 
 dians in their native tongue. In l77o his })eople subx-ribed 
 for the erection of a church sixty by forty feet. Three years 
 after, Mr. Wood closed a laborious life among iiis attached 
 people. The Rev. J. Wingate Weeks, formerly Missionary at 
 Marblehead, Mass., being in England in 1779, obtained the 
 appointment of Missionary at Annapolis. Returning to Halifax 
 in .July of that year his anxiety for his family, then at Marble- 
 head, induced him soon after to embark for New York, to ar- 
 range for tlieir removal to Nova Scotia. Mr. Weeks did not 
 reach Halifax till May in the following year, where ne found 
 his wife and children, who had, in fact, arrived there a few 
 days after his departure from that place the previous autumn. 
 He aj)pears to have visited Annapolis for the first time in June, 
 1780, and was there j)erhaps once more a few months after. 
 In June of the following year he probably j)assed three or four 
 weeks there, rotiirning to Halifax, where his family resided. 
 This neglect to reside at his Mission displeased the \'enerablc 
 Society. In the latter part of tiie same summer Mr. Bailey 
 received a letter from Rev. Mather Byles, D. D., dated Halifax, 
 August 11th, 1781, of which the following is an extract: " I 
 think it ray duty, without any further delay, to send you the 
 
 * But there was probably a chaplain to the garrison at this place, for in one of the 
 returns of the expense of the establishment for one year previous to IT-jO, is found — 
 "Chaplain 6a-. jxr diftn, or £121 13*. id. per (nmitm." — Halliburton, II., p. 198. Sec 
 also Mr. Bailey's letter to Ilev. Dr. I'eters, October 31st, 1784. 
 
 
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 182 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1782. 
 
 following extracts from a letter which I liave received from Dr. 
 Morice, dated Fel). (3, 1781. 
 
 "'I am to communicate to you the Resolution of the So- 
 ciety, that Mr. Weeks go immediately to Annapolis, and if he 
 should not, then either Dr. Byli>s or iMr. Bailey must take that 
 
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 ission. 
 
 The offer is ftrst made to voi 
 
 " I have informed Mr. Weeks of the above Resolution. His 
 reply was, that ' he should not remove to Annapolis at present; 
 that the Mission was a matter of indilference to him ; and tliat 
 1 might go there if I pleased.' Accordingly the care of that 
 f I chose to accept it, would now devolve upon me; 
 
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 ission, 1 
 
 but as I determin(% for reasons which I sliall connnimicate to 
 the Society, to decline the charge, the design of this hMter is 
 formally to resign it in your favour. As the Society seem to 
 have intrusted the conduct of this affair to me, and, I am very 
 sensible will expect a speedy and decisive answer, 1 should 
 be glad to know by \\w. tirst opportunity whether the offer, 
 which I look upon myself as now authorized to make you, be 
 agreeable, that 1 may transmit y^ar reply to that venerable 
 body." 
 
 The answer to this, on the part of Mr. Bailey, was: " If Mr. 
 W^eeks declines going to Annapolis, and you are willing to 
 resign your prior appointment in my favor, I shall cheerfully 
 accept of the Mission." In October, Rev. J. W. Weeks visited 
 Annapolis, it being his second visit this year, and in November 
 he wrote a letter to Mr. Bail(>y, disa[)proving of his views with 
 reference to that place. In the spring of the next year the fol- 
 lowing l(>tter reached Mr. Bailey : — 
 
 " Hatton Gardion, Jan'y 29, 1782. 
 "Rev. Sir: — Your two letters of the 9th November last 
 have been duly received, and were laid btjfore the Society at 
 their meeting on the 2'3th instant, when the affair of Mr. 
 W^eeks being taken into full consideration the Society came 
 to the following determination : Resolved, that as Mr. AVeeks 
 refuses to jeside upon the Mission of Aimapolis, the Rev. Mr. 
 Bailey be appointed in his room. You will therefore consider 
 yourself henceforward as Missionary to that place, whither you 
 
■J'tl 
 
 1782] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB I3A1LEY. 
 
 183 
 
 will, with all due speed, repair: and after what has passed re- 
 specting Mr. Weeks there is little occasion for nie to observe 
 that the Society expect that you will constantly reside there. 
 The people of (iranville are to be considered as part of the 
 Mission. * ♦ # Your salary from the Society is the same as 
 it now stands. £60 stlg., but you will receive £10 >^tl<z. from 
 the (government, which, I believe, is paid in Nova S(H)tia. I 
 should hope that the Cha|ilaiiiship of the Garrison will be 
 given to you also, as INIr. Weeks can now have no claims to 
 it. All I have further to add on tliis subject is my hearty 
 prayer for all success in your Ministry, and every degree of 
 prosperity to you and your large family, who, I hope, will re- 
 ceive comfort in that situation, which Mr. Weeks, by multi- 
 plying his lucrative employments, seems to have des})ised. 
 • #*«*« 
 
 " 1 am, Rev'd Sir, 
 
 Your aflectionate brother, 
 and very humble servant, 
 
 WM. MORICE, Secretary: 
 
 In writing to a friend shortly after the receipt of thi; forego- 
 ing letter, Mr. Bailey says: "I am sorry to find Mr. W\'eks 
 wholly excluded from the Society's service. I am informed 
 that he is oft'ended with me, though, I can truly allirm, the 
 appointment was not of my seeking, and even when Dr. 
 Morice informed me last fall that I was to succeed in case Mr. 
 Weeks and Dr. Byles should refuse, I signified, in my reply, 
 that I should prefer Penobscot, could I remove thither with 
 safety, and the Secretary, in his last letter, assures me that Mr. 
 Weeks was dismissed for non-residence, and for despising the 
 Society's favour." 
 
 Mr. Bailey makes the following statement of the amount of 
 his income when at Cornwallis : " During which time I had 
 no emoluments except fifty pounds from the Society, a deputy 
 Chaplainship for half a year, and the contributions of a few 
 people at Cornwallis." 
 
 The following letter, dated August 5th, 1782, though of 
 some length, seems to be worthy of insertion, here : — 
 
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 "To 
 
 FRONTIER ^I I S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1782. 
 
 " Di:aii Sir: — In pursimnci; of my engagements I now ap- 
 ply myself to fnrnisii yoii with some account of my late move- 
 ments and adventures. I believe you have already received 
 information tliat before my departure from Cornwallis I was 
 invited to oillciate in the Meeting House. In consequence of 
 tliis invitation I read prayers and delivered two sermons to a 
 more numerous assembly than I had ever seen in this Province. 
 Most of the inhabitants of every d(!nomination attended, gave 
 serious attention, behaved with decency, favoured me with a 
 very handsome collection, and seemed to relish my farewell 
 discourse. But modesty must prevent my enlarging here, even 
 to a friend. 
 
 We proposed to advance towards Annapolis on Tuesday, 
 the 24th of July, but an excessive rain on Monday hindered 
 our preparations, so that our departure was delayed till 
 Wednesday morning, when we observed Jie following order: 
 a cart, with two yoke of oxen, containing all our worldly 
 possessions, began the procession, guarded by a couple of 
 sprightly young fellows, who otlered their services; a vehicle 
 for the reception of Mrs. Bailey and her children drawn by 
 two horses next appeared under the conduct of honest John.* 
 INIrs. Burbidge, in her chaise, with the above-mentioned 
 persons, set oflf about seven, accompanied with near thirty 
 people, of both sexes, on horseback, who attended us with 
 cheerful solemnity to the distance of fourteen miles on our 
 journey. About eleven we arrived at Marshall's, and with 
 much diilieulty provided an early dinner for our large company. 
 At one we parted with our friends. Upon this occasion the 
 scenes were affecting; mutual ctiiisions of sorrow were dis- 
 played, and our hearts were agitated with tender emotions. 
 Once I imagined it impossible to abandon Cornwallis with 
 such painful regret, and conceived that we could bid the inhabi- 
 tants adieu without a single tear of sensibility on either side, 
 but I found myself mistaken. Justice and gratitude compel 
 
 * John McXiimarra. 
 
1782.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB RAILEY. 
 
 185 
 
 me to entertain a more favourable o|)inion of these people 
 than formerly, and tlii'ir conduct has aj)peared in a inueli more 
 amiable light at the conclusion than at the beginning of our 
 connection. Most of inv hearers, and several of othc denomi- 
 nations, made us presents before our migration, and we were 
 at no e.\j)ense for horses and carriages. The distressing cere- 
 mony of j)arting being over, Mrs. IJailey was seated with her 
 little ones in the above-mentioned machine, over which was 
 stretched a covering of canvas, as a defence both from the 
 vivid rays of the sun and the rain of heaven. We now 
 entered a wilderness of vast extent, without a single human 
 habitation for the space of eleven miles, the roads extremely 
 rough, sheltered with tall forests, encumbered with rocks and 
 deformed with deep sloughs; and, to render the scene still 
 more disconsolate and dismal, the winds howled among the 
 trees, thick volumes of clouds rolled from the western hemis- 
 phere, and the rumble of thunder announced the horrors of 
 an approaching tempest. We had still in company six j)ersons 
 besides our own family, two of whom pushed forward with 
 Betsy Nye and reached a publick house before the rain. Mr. 
 Starr and your humble servant left the carriages at the distance 
 of four miles from the dwelling of one Potter, lately removed 
 from Cornwallis, at which we arrived a little after sunset, just 
 as the heavy shower was beginning to descend. The sudden 
 darkness of the evening, with the danger of oversetting, gave 
 us very uneasy apprehensions; at length Mrs. Bailey and the 
 children appeared, as did some time after the conductors of 
 the team thoroughly wet to the skin. We were crowded, 
 eight in number besides the family, into a room about sixteen 
 feet square, which proved a miserable shelter against the most 
 impetuous rain 1 ever knew in this Province. The house 
 leaked so intolerably that I was wet to the skin at the tea- 
 ta])le; we however placed bear skins in such a maimer as to 
 preserve a good feather bed from the water, into which we 
 tumbled about midnight, but the incredible swarms of musqui- 
 tos and sand flies, and the intolerable heat, both of the weather 
 and a large fire, j)revented us from sleeping. The next morning 
 we arose before the sun, and during breakfast were tormented 
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 by onr unwelcome companions of tlio j)rcce(ling night. The 
 weather was remarkably oh)sc and muggy, the heavens over- 
 spread with heavy clouds, the mountains and rivers covered 
 with stagnant fogs, and all the surrounding scenes of nature 
 presaged temj)est and thunder. Having prepared our cattle 
 and horses, about five we began to move forward. At the 
 distance of a milt; from our lodgings I was invited io a chris- 
 tening, vvhih; the carriages proceeded. After the performance 
 of this exer(;ise I took my leave of Mr. Starr, and rode over 
 the sandy, barren plains about two miles, till I overtook our 
 company. By this time the western hemisphere presented an 
 awful front of blackness, and solemn peals of thunder rolled 
 along the gloomy arch. In a few moments, the north-west 
 wind began to muster his forces and impelled the enormous 
 shower to approach with frightful rapidity. Both earth and 
 heaven were instantly involved in clouds and darkness, inter- 
 rupted with Hashes of lightning. 
 
 We were fortunate enough to reach a couple of cottages, 
 the only habitations within the extent of four or five miles, 
 just as the torrents were begiiming to descend. Mrs. Bailey 
 with her children and part of the company took shelter in one, 
 while myself and the remainder gained possession of the 
 other. It will be needless to describe the progress of the 
 tempest, to picture the furious driving of the rain, or to jiresent 
 to your imagination the accumulated streams, pouring down 
 the hills and smoking along the valleys with impetuous roar. 
 I found no person in the house except the basket maker's 
 daughter, lately arrived from Black Hall. A prettier face I 
 had never beheld in the Province, and her behaviour, notwith- 
 stantling the homeliness of her apparel, was suilicient to 
 prejudice a connoisseur in her favour. Having purchased of 
 the rural beauty baskets to the amount of a dollar, and the 
 storm beginning to abate, we quickly remounted and pushed 
 forward with as much alacrity as possible, the roads swimming 
 in water, the fragments of clouds dropping upon us. The 
 sun at length breaking out with increasing splendour, the 
 company upon single horses agreed to push for the next stage , 
 at the distance of eight miles. On this occasion Betsy Nye, 
 
17S2.] 
 
 LIFE OF Ri;V. JACOB BAILEY, 
 
 187 
 
 who had thr preceding day lost her cloak, returned a borrowed 
 surtout. But we had no sooner entered the vast plains to the 
 westward of Black Hall, the only human residence between 
 the place of our departure and Crocker's, when the face of 
 heaven began again to scowl and wear a threatening aspect, 
 and now the waters burst in continued and impetuous showers 
 from the clouds. For live miles together we were attended by 
 these descending floods, till we were completely soaked through 
 our garments to the skin. Poor Betsy on this occasion was 
 an object both of laughter and compassion, her hat hanging 
 over each ear, the water streaming from her disheveled hair, 
 and her clothes clinging to her lean, lanky carcass, exhibited a 
 picture dismally romantic, and, if I may be allowed to assume 
 the vulgar dialect, she reseml)led a drowned rat. About ten 
 we arrived in this woful pickle at Crocker's, where we dried 
 our clothes with the assistance of a large fire. I suffered great 
 anxiety on account of Mrs. Bailey and the children, who did 
 not appear till after twelve, but they had found means to defend 
 themselves with blankets frotn the vi()lenc(> of the weather. 
 We presently discovered that Mrs. Crocker was a right notable 
 woman, and, as she claimed some distant cousinship with me, 
 she was very attentive and bustling to accommodate \is. 
 After a sociable dinner we parted with two more of our 
 Cornwallikin attendants, and the weather being tine and 
 pleasant, proceeded on our journey. 
 
 At the distance of a mile we passed by a very elegant plan- 
 tation, which suddenly rose upon us amidst the barren wilds. 
 A commodious dwelling stood on the northern side of the 
 road furnished with extensive fields, on the south was a large 
 orchard upon a gentle declivity, sloping towards Annapolis 
 river, which winded in a slow current through beautiful 
 meadows, forming a pretty, romantic island on the western 
 limits of the prospect. Beyond the river through avenues 
 which opened among groves of tall trees we discovered several 
 habitations with adjacent farms. The excessive rains had 
 swollen every inconsiderable stream almost to the magnitude 
 of a river, but such was the nature of the soil that the roads 
 became dry the moment the sun recovered its wonted splendour. 
 
 'Mi\ 
 
 , M 
 
i !'' I 
 
 it \ 
 
 188 
 
 FRONTIKIl missionary; OR, 
 
 [1782. 
 
 r ' 
 
 ' I 
 
 n t 
 
 i ■^ 
 
 ffi .;■ 
 
 ,1-| 
 
 W».> j<>^'f?<'(l oil this aflernoon about ton milrs without any 
 accident worth recording, when we met a couph' of gentlemen 
 on horrieback. The eldest appeared between forty-live and 
 fifty, and immediately accosted us with the most solemn 
 formidity in the following words: ' Pray inform me whether 
 the Reverend Mr. Bailey, the Society's Missionary for Annapolis 
 and CJranvilJe, is in this company?' This address was deliv- 
 ered in a slow, moderate and (!alm tone of voice, and when 
 he r<'ceived a reply in the atlirmativc, he lifted his hat with 
 great deliberation from his head, and bowed with the; most 
 inllexible gravity. I take notice of our first introduction to 
 the presence of this gentleman, who is in many respects a 
 singular and romantic character, because I shall have frecpuMit 
 occasion to mention him in my future communications. 1 
 have particular reasons for concealing his name at present, 
 and shall only remark that he is a New England man, a sturdy 
 loyalist, and a recent convert to tiie Chu; h. We were soon 
 overtaken by Mr. Peter Pinco, who invited us to his habitation, 
 eighteen miles distant from Annapolis, where we all arrived 
 in good spirits, though not a little fatigued with our journey, 
 for we had travelled, with all our baggage, fifty-four miles in 
 two days. We found Mr. Pineo very friendly and obliging, 
 and however he may be esteemed vain, conceited and self- 
 im|)ortant, yet these shades in his character are without any 
 mixtures of ill nature, insolence, or severity, but rather tinctured 
 with benevolence; and his disposition to exalt himself is 
 distinguished by acts of generosity and the most hospitable 
 exertions. The next morning we dismissed our carriages and 
 parted with the remainder of our Cornwallis friends, determin- 
 ing to repose a little till some means of further conveyance 
 should ofi'er. Mr. Pineo sent an invitation to Mr. Morse, the 
 dissenting teacher of Granville, who attended with his lady at 
 dinner, and at the same time Mr. Formality made his appear- 
 ance with a recjuest to accompany him about five miles to his 
 dwelling. After a serious consultation it was agreed that I 
 should olliciate the next Sunday at the meeting-house, and 
 upon other occasions when I found myself disposed to perform 
 service at Granville. 
 
 I^!^ 
 
1782.] 
 
 LITE OF UEV. JACOH HAILi:Y. 
 
 189 
 
 All e|)io»ir<' ini<^lit amuse you with an account of Hip splen- 
 did ciitcrtaiiuiicnt i)rovidcd upon this occasion, hut it is 
 sullicicnt to observe tliat our repast was lii^dily ele^'aut and 
 luxurious. As tlic new convert to Fi|)iscopacy and Mr. Morse 
 were of course at bitter enmity, and as the hitter is not very 
 reniarkahh' for wis(hini or pruch'uce, we had some dilliculty 
 to divert them from disagreealjh" altercations. IJut whatever 
 deliciencies a connoh .-jcur mi^dit discover in the disposition 
 and conduct of the I'ar.'^on, I am C(Ttaiu that every one umst 
 admire the good sense, modesty and discretion of his wife, 
 <!S|)ecially as she has encountered misfortunes suliicient to 
 embitter her teiuper and to render lier gloomy and unsociable. 
 Tlu' next morning, it being tiie fourth day of our journey, my 
 new friend attended us with a team and several horses to 
 convey both our |)ers(»ns and baggage to his hal)itation. The 
 nu)ment we had prepared for our departure it began to rain 
 impetuously, and continued without intermission till six in the 
 afternoon, when a favourable appearance of fair weather 
 enticed us abroad, but we had iu>t proceeded a mile before the 
 clouds began to discharge their licpiid treasures. However, 
 
 after wading through water and mire we arrived at Mr. 's 
 
 habitation about dark, wet, fatigued and chilly. His wife, 
 sister to an intimate ac(|uaintance of mine in New England, 
 received us like a silent, kind-hearted country-woman, and 
 with her daughters, gave us all the friendly assistance in her 
 power, while the husband, standing upright in the middle of 
 the room, straight as the pine tree of Kennebeck, welcomed 
 us to his apartments in a set and ceremonious speech, delivered 
 with his usual gravity and deliberation. 
 
 It was Saturday evening, about nine, when we disposed of 
 ourselves in the habitation of Mr. Formality. After tea and 
 prayers we were conducted into the best apartment for repose, 
 and when the fifth morning of our migration began to stain 
 the summits of the mountains we arose, and conducted as 
 most other people usually do on such occasions. When the 
 time of Divine Service arriv(!d we attended. The meeting- 
 house was commodious, and the congregation as large as could 
 be expected upon so little notice. The Parson and his Dea- 
 
 M 
 
 iUil 
 
r' 
 
 1})0 
 
 I'UONTIEIl missionary; OR, 
 
 [1782. 
 
 •ill! 
 
 ), 
 
 u 
 
 'ii 
 
 
 
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 1 
 
 r-f. 
 
 t 
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 . :•, 1 ii 
 
 
 
 pm.; 
 
 
 If:-: 
 
 
 
 cons wore among my hciircrs, and wo had ^ovrral New Lights 
 to grae(! the audience. The rernain{U;r of the day was spent 
 in agreeable conversation and in laying the plans of our future 
 operations. On the sixth day we took a breakfast with Mr. 
 "William Clark, one of my Methodistieal parishioners, and 
 having procured horses began to pre|)ar».' for the remainder ot 
 our journey, being now about fourteen uiiles from the town of 
 Amiapolis. With considerable fatigue, some danger, and a 
 profusion of mud we crossed the river and landed in a beauti- 
 ful meadow covered with tall grass and bounded with a rich 
 woodland pasture. 
 
 We passed through an agreeable variety of rural scenes 
 above half a mih', till w(! occupied the county road. About 
 eleven o'clock we arrived at the dwelling of my old friend, Mr. 
 Bass, brother to Parson Bass, of Newbury. Here we met with 
 a cordial reception, and had a very good dinner in the primitive 
 style. 
 
 Figure to yourself a New England farmer twenty years ago, 
 about ten miles distant from Kwston, able with his own industry 
 to make a comfortable living, besides discharging his tax-bill, 
 paying the midwife, and providing a plentiful and greasy 
 dinner on Thanksgiving sullicient to feast an hundred |)lough- 
 men. Produce such a j)erson to your imagination, and you 
 will obtain an idea of Mr. Bass, with this exception, that he 
 exceeds any one you ever saw of the above description, in 
 loyalty and indexible honesty, mingled with a portion of 
 seemingly accidental wit, which he scatters abroad in his 
 conversation. I had forgot to inform the gentle reader that 
 the ceremonious gentleman waited upon us with great formality 
 to the royal city. When we departed from the hospitable 
 mansion of Mr. Bass this was the form of our procession: our 
 attendant moved forward, pointing out the way, then your 
 humble servant and his little son, while Madam, John and 
 Becky mounted upon the back of another horse, conducted 
 the rear. We halted in our march at the house of one Mr. 
 Sanders, about five miles from town; the man, a strict Church- 
 man, and a great friend to Government. His farm lies upon 
 the declivity of the Southern Mountains, and from his door 
 
 fm 
 
1782.] 
 
 L I V E o V II i: V . J A c c) n n ai i , i ; v . 
 
 l!)l 
 
 you command a very grand and cxtiMislvc prospect. One 
 hour and a (piartcr moro conclndcd our tedious jonrncy. It 
 was not till after four of the clock, in a cool and most delii;ht- 
 ful day, when, havinj^ passed through a gloomy wood, we 
 .suddenly opened upon an exteiksive plain overspread with iha 
 richest verdure, ornamented with little proves, and beautified 
 with hunches of wild roses, which scattered their delicious 
 fragrance through the air. After crossing this plain the 
 remainder of our progress for the space of a mile was an easy 
 descent towards the north-west, both sides of the road being 
 adorned with little fields, gardens and orchards. Upon an 
 obtuse point of land formed by the bending of the river, the 
 town appeared, rising amidst a forest of fruit trees, while the 
 lofty mountains of Granville terminated the direct view.'' 
 
 In a few weeks after this removal, a son of Capt. INFowatt,* 
 Avho had commatided one of the vessels of the British navy, 
 arrived at Annapolis, being sent to !\!r. IJailey to I)e educated. 
 
 By a comparison of dates it would appear that Mr. Bailey 
 arrived at Annapolis August 1st, 1782. 
 
 The following is a co|)y of the first letter which he wrote to 
 the Society after his arrival in this place: — 
 
 "Annai'olis, Oct. 14,1782. 
 " To till' Secretary of the 
 
 " Soc'iclij for Propaij^ating- the Gospel, i)'C. 
 "Rkv. Sir: — Permit me, by your assistance, to present the 
 following representations to the Venerable Society. About 
 three months ago I removed with my family from C.'ornwallis, 
 and after a tedious journey of five days arrived at Annapolis. 
 Gratitude obliges me to announce the kind and friendly treat- 
 ment 1 received from the inhabitants of Cornwallis during the 
 latter part of my residence there. They not only expressed 
 the highest regret at; parting, but gave convincing evidence of 
 their atlection and esteem. My reception both here and at 
 Granville fully answered my expectations, but the principal 
 persons among my hearers conceive it not to be prudent to 
 
 * See Note L. 
 
 if 
 
 m 
 
 M 
 
 \ : 
 
K 
 
 "ii'l 
 
 i I 
 
 ) \ 
 
 ' '"I ; 
 
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 li*'f 
 
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 a)|;- 
 
 
 
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 1 
 
 1 ''i 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 L 
 
 
 192 
 
 FROMIEll MISSIOXAIIY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1782. 
 
 urge a subscription at present, and it is universally agreed that 
 ti.e Mission has abundantly suft'ered for want of a resident min- 
 ister. It is undoubtedly owing to this that enthusiasm, and if 
 possible i)rineiples of a more pernicious nature have made such 
 a progress in these parts. I have the satisfaction however to 
 observe that the New Piiigland Independents are much better 
 disposed towards tin; Church here than at Cornwallis. In 
 conlirmation of this I would beg leave to mention that yester- 
 day I olliciated in a meeting-house at thirteen miles distance 
 from the town, at the united request of the proprietors, Avho are 
 all Dissenters, end both these and the Presbyterians of Granville 
 occasionally attend our services, though they have preachers 
 of their own. The little town of Annapolis contains one 
 hundred and twenty persons, all except four or fivp of the 
 Church of England. Several other families of the same 
 persuasion reside in the neighbourhood, beside^ a considerable 
 number of French Roman Catholics. Granville, it is computed, 
 has above forty families of our communion. To prevent any 
 disagreeable altercation with my brethren at Halifax, who had 
 unjustly taken ofl'enc at my ai)pointment, Col. Burbidge, a 
 man of an exemplary character and of prime inlluence in this 
 Province, waited upon the Governor, with the assistance of 
 my worthy friend Dr. Byles, and demanded for me the Chap- 
 lainsiiip of this garrison, but 8ir Andrew refused, alleging that 
 Mr. Weeks, the instant he knew of my appointment, applied 
 to him and obtained it. I was however encouraged by the 
 above gentlemen to make a direct application by letter to the 
 Secretary, who seems disposed to befriend me. But the arrival 
 of Governor Parr, before my letters could reach Halifax, must 
 again defeat my endeavors, as Mr. Weeks is ui)on the spot to 
 renew his solicitations, an advantage which clergymen who 
 reside in the Metropolis must always have over their brethren 
 who live at the distance of one hundred and fifty miles. 
 Annapolis is an agreeable situation, but I am certain that I 
 cannot procure the necessaries of life for my family, especially 
 while the war continues, unless I can be indulged with the 
 Chaplainship of the garrison. The articles of house rent, 
 firing and bread, amount to above c£70, and though I had 
 
1782.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 193 
 
 (luring i)art of my continuance at Cornwallis the Deputy Chap- 
 lainship of a regiment, and three rations of provisions, of 
 which I was deprived last May, yet ihe e.\j)enses of my 
 removal have encroached upon my sahiry. In a word, the 
 ini|)ortance of the Mission and the temper of the peoph' are 
 such that it is recjuisite that the minister should be able to 
 support himself with decency and to practice hospitality. 
 Sutler me to solicit the inllnence of the So(;iety in this matter, 
 and it may be urged in my favour that a number of soldiers 
 are sent to reside in the garrison, which must of necessity 
 atl'ord some additional duty. I would likewise accjuaint the 
 Society that the school at Annapolis has been supplied for a 
 year past by Mr. Benjamin Snow, who received his education 
 at Dartmouth College, and who was expelled from New 
 England for his loyalty. This gcntlemiui may be recommended 
 for his learning, sobriety and good morals, to the Society's 
 favour. He gives universal satisfaction to the people and is 
 greatly beloved by the children, whom, with my assistance, he 
 catccl.ises three times a week. We humbly rccjuest that the 
 Societv would admit him for their schoolmaster and allow 
 him to draw for the usual salary. I would l^eg leave further 
 to state that either there never was any library given to this 
 ^Mission, or the heirs of Dr. Wood have disposed of the books. 
 If the Society can favour me with some, and send a immber 
 of Prayer Books, and pious tracts to distribute among the 
 young people, it will much oblige me." 
 
 A few days after the above letter was written, there arrived 
 at Annapolis, from New York, nine transports, convoyed by 
 two men-of-war. These transports contain(>d five hundred 
 refugees, persons of both sexes and all ages, sent by the 
 British Government into Nova Scotia. Mr. Bailey says, in a 
 lerter in which he speiUvs of these indi\iduals: "Every hal)ita- 
 tion is crowded, and many are unable to procure any lodgings. 
 Many of these distressed people left large possessions in the 
 rebellious colonies, and their sullering en account of their 
 loyalty, and their present uncertain and destitute condition, 
 render them very atlecting objects of com|)assion." He says, 
 in another letter: "Many of them are people of fashion from 
 25 
 
 ■ r 
 
 i. : 
 
 Ai 
 
 • t 
 
 ' ' '1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
194 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 ri783. 
 
 every Province on the continent, except Georgia.*' Mr. Bailey 
 says, under date of Oct. 27th: "I have been busy in making 
 a refncree sermon. I delivered this discourse from Psalm evii. 
 2d and 3d verses, to a very respectable audience. Even the 
 Whigs were not unmoved at the representations of our 
 distresses." 
 
 The following is Mr. Bailey's first report to the Venerable 
 Society of the condition of his parish in the spring of 
 1783 :— 
 
 ■^■' 
 
 i 
 
 
 ll 
 
 
 
 vki 
 
 
 
 VI 
 
 
 
 f'i 
 
 
 
 ll 
 
 
 
 li 
 
 
 
 li 
 
 iii: 
 
 
 " An^japolis, April 30th, 1783. 
 " 7b Rev. Wm. Morice, S^-c. ,]-(:. 
 
 " Rhv'd Shi: — After presenting my hearty tl)anks in the 
 most respectful manner to the \'eneraV)le Society, I would l)ej;' 
 leave to inform them that since my last I have baptized twen- 
 ty-five persons, buried ten, and marricl five couples. I admin- 
 istered the Sacrament on Christmas and Easter, but as the 
 weather on both days was extremely unpropitions for travel- 
 ling, I had only twelve communicants. We have a Cbuvch 
 at Annapolis sixty feet long and forty broad, with a steeple 
 and bell, but as the outside only is finished we cannot yet 
 meet in it. However, it is no longer exposed to be destroyed 
 by the enemy. I presume the peo])le will do something thir, 
 summer towards completing it. About fvjurteen miles froni 
 Annapolis town, on the same side of the river, is a glebe lot of 
 live hundred acres, which rents for :ti\ per annum; another at 
 Granville, of the same dimensions, three miles from Annapolis, 
 is worth forty shillings a year. In this town are five or six 
 little tenements, occaipied by poor people, of whom I can at 
 present expect to receive little or no rent. The remaindcT of 
 the parsonage lot here, which was given ])y Queen Anne, 
 contains about an acre, which I have enclosed for a garden at 
 a considerable expense. We are greatly obliged to the So- 
 ciety for their assistance with regard to the school, but as Mr. 
 Snow has procured a grant of land he has resigned the school 
 to Mr. John McNamarra, a young man who has been educated 
 by me, and during the course of nine years he has lived in my 
 family, and shown himself to bo a person of remarkable 
 
i 
 
 1783.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 195 
 
 ■; -1 •■: 
 
 sobriety and uiiahaken integrity, for which he has been impris- 
 oned and cruelly treated while we continued under the domin- 
 ion of Congress. 
 
 " I have not yet had opportunity to make any motion towards 
 obtaining subscriptions. Ffty-two families, exclusive of refu- 
 gees, by a written paper in my possession, announce them- 
 selves of the Church of England, none of whom have sub- 
 scribed towards my support. Some of them are sober, well 
 atlected people, many of them INIethodists, but I am sorry to 
 observe that others are very diflerent in their sentiments from 
 the little loyal town of Annapolis. The number of my parish- 
 ioners will probably increase, as one thousand more refugees 
 are dcily expected ; but as the circumstances of those unfortu- 
 nate j)eople are truly wretched and deplorable beyond all mod- 
 ern example, no advantage can be expected from them ; their 
 necessities, on the contrary, must demand fretjucMit ellusions of 
 pity and benedcence. These destitute and despised wander- 
 ers, instead of increasing ray emoluments, must daily make 
 demands upon my compassion and qharity." 
 
 The inllux of loyalists from the now independent Colonics 
 continued to be great. Mr. Bailey writes in October: " Since 
 the commencement of this week there havt; arrived at Annap- 
 olis five ships, eight brigs, and four sloops, besides schooners, 
 with near a thousand people from" [New] "York. They must 
 be turned on shore without any shelter in this rugged season." 
 A letter written a month later than the foregoing says: "■ Fif- 
 teen hundred fugitive loyalists are just landed here from" 
 [New] " York in affecting circumstances, fatigued with a long 
 and stormy passage, sickly, and destitute of shelter from the 
 advances of winter, which are now commencing in all their 
 horrors. For six months past these wretched outcasts of 
 America and Britain have been landing at Annapolis, and va- 
 rious other parts of this Province." 
 
 To another friend Mr. Bailey writes, with reference to this 
 unhappy class: "Several hundreds are stowed in our Church, 
 and larger numbers are still unprovided for." 
 
 1.-; •] 
 
 H 
 
 i A 
 
f 
 
 1/ M 
 
 'i'M 
 
 
 li i !:• 
 
 
 ri: 
 
 ^14 'i 
 
 I 
 
 196 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1783. 
 
 " AwAPOLis, Nov. Gth, 1783. 
 " Tu the Rev. Wm. Moi-ice, D. D., Secretary^ ^x. S^'c. 
 
 " Rkv'd Sill : — Permit me to lay before the Venerable Society 
 the present State of this Mission. I have baptized since May 
 last twenty-fonr infants and one adult, and buried ten persons. 
 I oiliciate at Ciranville onec a month, in a decent place 
 of worship, about fourteen miles from Annapolis. The Dis- 
 senters are much upon the decline, and the only minister tjiey 
 had in this country, not being able to find a support among 
 his adherents, has disposed of his interest, and is about to re- 
 move to New England. Since my last, of August 15th, above 
 seventeen hundred persons have arrived at Anna])olis, besides 
 the fifty-seventh regiment, in consequence of which my habita- 
 tion is crowded. The Church has been fitted for the reception 
 of several hundreds, and multitudes are still without shelter in 
 this rigorous and stormy season. Near four hundred of these 
 miserable exiles have perished in a violent storm, and I am 
 persuaded that disease, disappointment, poverty, and chagrin, 
 will finish the course of m'<uiy more before the return of an- 
 other spring. So much attention is required in settling these 
 strangers, that nothing of a publick nature can be pursued to 
 effect. 
 
 "This country, when I removed to Annapolis, contained 
 about fifteen hundred souls, including French Roman Catho- 
 licks. Between three and four thousand have since been 
 added, and several new settlements formed, so that it will be 
 impossible for one minister to give proper attendance. House 
 rent is extravagantly dear. A small unfinished apartment 
 costs three dollars per week, and the necessaries of life increase 
 in proportion to our numbers. I am settling seventeen families 
 upon the glebe land in this town, which, after another year, 
 may yield from twelve to fourteen Pounds. 
 
 " The Governor has not yet admitted rne to the Deputy Chap- 
 lainship, notwithstanding there is no other clergyman to dis- 
 charge the duties of that place." ; * * 
 
 The following was addressed to Rev. Samuel Parker, D. D., 
 Rector of Trinity Church, Boston, and is dated in November 
 
1784.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 197 
 
 of this year: '• I will give you a f^ketch of my progress in farm- 
 ing. The best house in xVnnapolis, with two acres of garden 
 and orchard, cost me £20. I expended XIO more in labour, 
 exclusive of my own. ]]eside supplying three families in six 
 months with vegetables, and distributing to distressed friends 
 occasionally, produce for winter use amounted to .i.*()0, one 
 half of which was stole, so that the remainder is just e({ual to 
 rent and expenses." 
 
 From Mr. Bailey's reports to the Venerable Society in the 
 year 1784, it seems tliat "the Court House, every store and 
 private building, being crowded with people, he had been 
 obliged to perform Divine Service at several miles distance, or 
 in his own habitation." 
 
 The Church at Annapolis was o|)ened for Divine Service for 
 the first time on Easter day of this year. Mr. Bailey says: 
 " Though the weather was wet and stormy, we had a large 
 and decent congregation, which encouraged me to hope that 
 people will be more attentive to Public Worship, now they 
 have a room to assemble in, for it ought to ])e reinembered 
 that at Annapolis we never had a place to meet in sullicient 
 to contain an hundred people, for which reasons multitudes 
 were under the necessity of absenting themselves." " The 
 Church, when finished, will contain five or six hundred per- 
 sons, and the new settlers, which by far exceed the old, are 
 heartily disposed to contribute towards its completion." In 
 his letter sent to the Society, and dated October 28th, 1784, 
 Mr. Bailey says: " I have the satisfaction to inform them that 
 at Michaelmas a Vestry of the most respectable characters 
 were chosen according to the institutions of this Province, that 
 I was this day inducted by the Wardens, in consecpience of a 
 mandate of the Governor, and that we have a prospect of es- 
 tablishing an happy agreement between the old inhabitants 
 and the new, and of pursuing measures for the finishing of the 
 Church." He speaks of his labours in catechising the children, 
 and the very favourable results he had witnessed. Every Wed- 
 nesday was devoted to this exercise, preceded by Divine Ser- 
 vice, at Annapolis. On other days he visited the more distant 
 settlement for the same purpose. And " one hundred children, 
 
 
 * i , 4 
 
 i 
 
 . ' *: I 
 
 
 
 ^ '.'. 
 
 ill 
 
1 
 
 I 
 
 l! I 
 
 I i t 
 
 1 ; 
 
 I i : 
 
 1 < ;; 
 
 m:-£! 
 
 
 r..3? 
 
 i^ 
 
 
 
 li' 
 
 
 
 'ffrllj^ 
 
 
 
 tW''' 
 
 
 
 
 
 |:|. 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 1 
 
 WL. 
 
 198 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1784. 
 
 exclusive of those in Digby, had learnt the Church Catechism, 
 many of whom were the posterity of rigid Dissenters, or of pa- 
 rents destitute of any religious jn-inciples." Mr. Foririan, a 
 refugee and an half-pay ollieer, was at that time tlie principal 
 schoolmaster at Dighy. Liimenting the immorality and pro- 
 fligacy that prevailed, arising from a total disuse of jniblic 
 worship, " he assembled his pupils on Sundays, performed 
 Divine Service, and read a sermon. The schoolmistresses 
 quickly joined him with tiieir scholars, and in a few weeks ho 
 was attended by a crowded audience, and a visible alteration 
 in the conduct of the inhabitants ensued." 
 
 Mr. Bailey says: "I reckon between thirty and forty com- 
 municants at Annapolis, and about twenty at Granville, but I 
 cannot ascertain tlie number at otiier settlements." " The 
 Notitia of the Pari ih for the last twelve months were : — 
 
 Baptisms, 2() 
 57 
 
 83 
 
 Marriages, 2o 
 20 
 
 45 
 
 Burials, 29 
 do 2 
 
 30 
 
 The following are extracts from a letter from Rev. Samuel 
 Parker, D. D., Boston, December 1st, 1784: — 
 
 " Your letter of September 21st, arrived here when I was 
 absent at Philadelphia, and it was not till the last of October 
 it came to my hands. Two chests belonging to you had pre- 
 viously been brought up from Pownalborough, with verbal 
 orders to deliver them to me, but no letter to acquaint me 
 what their contents were, or what I was to do with them. * 
 * * As you express a desire to have your sermons imme- 
 diately, I opened the chest containing the papers, and lind 
 therein a parcel of papers jumbled together in as great confu- 
 sion as Chaos itself could have made, and the chest no way 
 secured. Among the jumbled heap some that look like ser- 
 mons, but much defaced, torn, and abused, were discerned, 
 and I have picked out some that look the most entire, and 
 packed in a small box, which I commit to Mr. Worcester's 
 care. * * The contents of the box will supply your present 
 need till the others arrive. I had a good mind to steal some 
 of your sermons, but found upon examination that I could 
 
1784.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 109 
 
 not take more than fifteen minntes to deliver them, and iny 
 people always expeet thirty minutes, and, as I must have add- 
 ed one half to them, 1 thou^ifht upon the whole I would not he 
 guilty of a theft, which would turn out to so little advantage. 
 If you were not my Senior, I shoidd take it upon myself to 
 advise you to exj)end a little more pains in writing your dis- 
 courses, because, when yon are old you may be obliged to 
 transcribe for the purpose of reading them. xVnd, if they were 
 preserved with a little more care, it would be no disadvantage. 
 I congratulate you on your Induction as Rector of St. Luke's, 
 and hope that your latter days will be more easy than the 
 former." 
 
 The correspondence which Mr. Bailey commenced on his 
 first removal into the Province with Rev. Samuel Peters, D. D., 
 in London, was «lill maintained, and in the autumn of this 
 
 • ; 
 
 ye 
 
 ar the former wrote to the latter the followinc:: — 
 
 " AxxAi'OMs RovAL, 0(tt. 3lst, 1784. 
 " Rkv. AM) Dkah Sir: — The long expected arrivals from 
 Britain were this day announced at Amiapolis, and a friendly 
 letter from Mr. Domctte came into my hand by some unknown 
 conveyance. But I am not indebted to your munificence for 
 any favours of that nature. Am I destined to wander unno- 
 ticed on the muddy banks of Toowaubscot, and to furnish you 
 with future anecdotes of Nova Scotia, unblessed by your 
 ghostly benediction ? In a word, I have received no epistles 
 from you since the beginning of last March. I have written 
 in the interval three letters, and transmitted a large packet, 
 containing a description of this Province by a Dr. Turnbull. 
 
 " Ministers of the Church of England have resided at xVnnap- 
 olis, with a few interruptions, for near seventy years past with- 
 out any Wardens or Vestry. But on Michaelmas, the day 
 appointed by the laws of this Province, I was fortunate 
 enough to convene a respectable number of j)arishioners, when 
 twelve of the principal inhabitants were chosen. A letter of 
 induction was immediately procured from the Governor, and 
 I was last Wednesday inducted into the Church. 
 
 " I am confident that no Missionary in America has so dilfi- 
 
MTWJ 1 '» 
 
 M' 
 
 200 
 
 F 11 N T 1 1: 11 All S S I O N A 11 Y 
 
 O R, 
 
 [1784. 
 
 I ii. 
 
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 cult and luborious a situation as mine. Once a month I olR- 
 ciate at (iranviilo, about fourteen miles from my lial)itation. 
 To elleet this I ride about twelve miles on Saturday, tlu; next 
 day proceed about two miles by water, and frecjuently have 
 to climb till' banks of the river U|) to my knees in mud. Then, 
 after preaching two sermons, catechising the children, and 
 baptizing a number of infants, I return home on Sunday (!ve- 
 niiig by +he sann? route. My congregation at this place is 
 between three and four hundri'd. I have made a voyage to 
 Digby, about twenty miles below Annapolis, where I olliciated 
 on(! Sunday and baptized a numlxsr of children. At Annapo- 
 lis T perform Divine Service on Wednesday, and catechise near 
 eighty children. I am visiting all the schools in the country 
 for the same purpose, and am freipiently obliged to ride twenty 
 miles, l)esides crossing rivers, to perform the olliee of baptism. 
 Besides, a regiment of soldiers augment )ny duty, and, though 
 I am not favoured with the emoluments of a chaplain, human- 
 ity obliges me to perform the whole exercises of that olliee, 
 while those who grow opulent by these a|)pointments, unat- 
 tended either with labour or expense, reproach me with otll- 
 ciousness, ridicule my indigence, and pursue me with the 
 most unabating malice. This is highly provoking to a feeling 
 and benevolent mind. I cannot determine how others may 
 act in this situation, but I caimot endure that the infant of a 
 poor soldier should remain unbapti/ed, that his children or 
 himself should be excluded from instruction, or that he should 
 be committed to his parent dust without Christian burial. Is 
 it not a scandal to any government, or rather ecclesiastical in- 
 stitution, that a person should enjoy the profits of an olliee 
 Avithout performing even the miimtest })art of the duty ? 
 Though disappointed in my expecl<\tions, and deprived of my 
 just perquisites, yet I am haj)py, amidst my struggles, to sup- 
 port an increasing family with decency, and in having no 
 altercations with my people. It is true that they are a collec- 
 tion of all nations, kindreds, comj)lexions and tongues, assem- 
 bled from every quarter of the globe, and till lately equally 
 strangers to each other. This circumstance has prevented me 
 from receiving any support from the people, and, in fact both 
 
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 1781] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOH BAILEY. 
 
 201 
 
 the original Inhabitants and tlie new imagined, till lately, that 
 I not only enjoyed the peninisltes of the Garrison, but had tlie 
 same salary for (Jranvllle as for Annapolis. 'JMie Wardens 
 and V^estry, however, give some encouragement to expect 
 their assistance, but I derive small expectations from persons 
 engaged In expensive buildings, and settling themselves In a 
 strange country, espjjcially as the finishing of the church de- 
 mands their immediate and liberal contributions. 
 
 " Mr. Wlswall* paid us a visit not long ago, with his wife 
 and her youngest daughter, and by a letter just received from 
 Cornwallls, I am informed that he is settled in the parsonage 
 his parishioners have erected for iiim. The parochial duties 
 of this gentleman are nothing when compared with mine. 
 His parishioners are few in luimber, and the most remote are 
 not more than four miles from his habitation, and. If I remem- 
 ber right, he neither christens nor marries, except in Church. 
 # * * I have received several epistles during the summer 
 past from my worthy friend Mr. Bass, of Newburyport, who 
 was expelled the Society's service upon the testimony of 
 brother Weeks. He wrote to that gentleman last winter, as 
 follows : — 
 
 "'Sir: — I learn that you have been my accuser to the So- 
 ciety, and beg it as a favour, that you would let me know the 
 articles of the charge you alledged against me, and the evi- 
 dence you produced in support of these allegations. 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 Edward Bass.' 
 
 " To which Mr. Weeks returned this answer: — 
 
 " ' Rev'd Sir: — I had a line from you a low days ago. If 
 you think so meanly of me as that I should turn accuser, or so 
 iilghly of me as that I should have more credit with the So- 
 ciety than yourself, you greatly wrong me. I assure you I 
 am not admitted to any of their secrets. 
 I am, Sir, 
 
 Your humble servant, 
 
 J. WiNGATF, Weeks.' 
 
 * .Rev. John Wiswall, formerly Rector of St. Paul's Church in Falmouth, now 
 Portland, Maine. 
 
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 FuoNTiuii missionary; oh, 
 
 [1785. 
 
 " Mr. Bass intiTals that this lei tor may be shown to Dr. 
 Morict'. 
 
 " 1 uiitlcrsfaiKl that Parson Walter has arrived at Halifax, in 
 the (|iiality of a 1). J). What is your opinion of this gentle- 
 man ? The ladies who emigrated from York to Annapolis 
 reprobate him as a fop and eoxeo b, and allirm that his whole 
 attention is given to dress, balls, asseml)lies, and i)Iays. 
 
 " J]nt it is the fate of us elergymen to bt; censured. If we 
 are grave, and assume a little dignity, we are still', formal, and 
 proud; if we arc free, open, and soeiid)lo, we are acensed of 
 levity. If we, or onr families, are attentive to make a fashion- 
 able appearance, wo. are foppish, extravagant, and slaves to 
 the mode; if careless of dress we are slovens. So it was in 
 ancient days. John, the son of /acharias, who appeared as 
 unadorned as a Micmac of Nova Scotia, and who rejected the 
 delicacies of aj)petite, was accused of holding an intimate 
 correspondence with the Devil. While his Divine INIaster, 
 who j)ursued a difVercnt conduct, was l)lackcned as a glutton, 
 a gu/zler of wine, and as a friend to harlots and Custom House 
 odicers, the aversion of .lews and American smugglers. 
 
 " Noi'CDihcr At/i. — That you may form some idea of my pa- 
 rochial situation and fatigues, I will inform you that I was 
 obliged this day to ride twelve miles through mire, near a foot 
 deep, to marry a couple. But when I arrived at the destined 
 spot, behold, there was no boat to cross the river. After hold- 
 ing a conversation a few minutes from the opposite banks, 
 behold Hymen grew angry, the lovers were greivously disap- 
 pointed, and your humble servant was under a necessity of 
 returning home without his fee through the same muddy road. 
 Hark! A heavy rapping at the door! 'A gentleman and 
 lady want to speak with you.' Let them walk in. The same 
 couple, now made happy. To-morrow I must travel the same 
 road to bury a Judge, who fell a sacrifice to all powerful rum, 
 which in this country, like death, levels all distinctions." 
 
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 This letter brought a rather painfully characteristic reply 
 from Dr. Peters, Pimlico, February 22, 1785, from which the 
 following is extracted : — 
 
 " Your favour of Octob. 31, 1784, reached me Jan'y 7th, for 
 
17S5.] 
 
 LIFE OK Ri:v. JAcon hailky. 
 
 203 
 
 which I thank you, 'although you mnst have some vilhiiiis at 
 Halifax, who intercept iny h'tters, which have l)eeii two for 
 one I have received from yon. This, I hope, will reach you 
 by the j^race of Dr. Seahury, now the Rifj^ht Reverend Father 
 in (iod, l)y Divine |)eriMission Hishop of Connecticut, conse- 
 crated l)y th(! Xon-jin'ini,' Rishops of the aniient and primitive 
 Church of Scotland, who lost their patrimony and church tem- 
 poralities, Anno l()S8, for adhering,' to their oaths and Ix-inuf 
 loyal to .lames IT. Such honor have yon and all <^ood saints. 
 "The Bishop will wait on you and give you his benediction, 
 of more value than mine and twenty-six Right Reverend Lord 
 l^ishops. J lis certificate will be of great service to yon at St. 
 Peter's gate, who will admit you at sight of it into Heaven, 
 without touching at Purgatory, because you have resided 
 in Nova Scotia nine years, which must have purged and 
 sweated you more than three hundred and sixty-live days 
 could have done in the Pope's IVison, » . * ^'our congre- 
 gation seems to be comjiosed of IMedes, Parthians, and Cre- 
 tans. One has told me that you let out lots on the glebe at 
 £S per (iiniiun, to the amount of CSOO jier annum, 'J'he So- 
 ciety expect that (iranville should handsomely contribute to 
 your support, as well as where you reside. If (iranville omit- 
 ted" [to do this] " my advice is, that you abide wholly at An- 
 napolis. Your labours are truly hard, and your reward is in 
 Heaven along with our curates here, who bury seven in a day, 
 christen ten to fifteen out and in the Church, marry from three 
 to seven couple per day, visit six or seven persons by night 
 and by day, read and preach three times on each Sunday, and 
 all for £40 to ,£45 per annum. * * Your observations 
 concerning the censure of the world, which commonly falls on 
 the Clergy, is too true. A clean, fashionable ap|)earance is 
 part of virtue and part of Christianity. A clergyman hert; had 
 better be guilty of grossly immoral and scandalous practices 
 than wear a dirty shirt, long nails, dirty hands, and a long 
 beard ; for this crime alone Mr. I^yon, on Long Island, was 
 dismissed the Society's service. I have laid Mr. Bass's letter 
 and its ansiver before the Secretary. The answer of Mr. 
 Weeks is mean and vile. Mr. Bass's letters, by Mr. Tracey, 
 
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 204 
 
 FllONTIEIl MISSIONARY 
 
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 have hvvn eonHidcred. I'lio n-sult is not to his bonofit. Mr. 
 Buss was niiiifd licrc by people of iiis own Province and pro- 
 fession, and not hy Dr. (Jardiner . Col. Frye. l\Ir. IJass 
 employed jis his advocate Mr. Hale, and snch as bear dnbions 
 characters, and never vindicati-d liiniself in proper time. 1 am 
 sorry for Mr. Bass, but if he will move to a mission in \t)va 
 Scotia, I will be his advocate, and will succeed, provided it 
 remains a secret to all but him, you, and 
 
 Your faithful 
 
 S. PETERS." 
 
 To this letter Mr. TJailey replied as follows: — 
 
 " AwAPOMs Royal, April 29, ITH;!. 
 '' To tlic Rcr. Mr. Samuel Peters, 
 
 '■'■London, Great Britain. 
 
 "Dkaii Sir: — I have in possession your letter of February 
 22d, and last evening I waited upon the Right Reverend 
 Father, in whose presence I appeared as a dwarf alongside of 
 a giant. 
 
 " I am not yet sulliciently acquainted with this dignified 
 character to venture any remarks. 
 
 " If my connnunications are not so frecjuent as yours, they 
 certainly exceed in quantity beyond all proportion. I observe 
 with extremis concern and vexation that some designing, 
 malicious and lying villain, either in the singular or plural 
 number, has been very busy in contriving to injure me in your 
 opinion. 
 
 "As to the af^nr of the glebes, I will give you an exact 
 account of the miuter. There is in Annapolis town an acre 
 and a quarter of land, formerly the Romish glebe, but after 
 the con([uest, confirmed by C^ueen Anne to the Church of Eng- 
 land. Another glebe lies at fourteen miles distance from the 
 town which has rented for six pounds; a third, almost contigu- 
 ous, containing two hundred and eighty-eight acres, in a 
 wilderness situation; with another at Granville. These lots 
 together rent for twenty-seven pounds, but some of these 
 tenants are unwilling and others unable to pay, and I have 
 
178.3.] 
 
 LIFE 1" lli;V. JACOH HAIL i;Y. 
 
 205 
 
 hitherto received more trouljh* in settling' these alliiirs than 
 profit. And T iiin iulornied from ^'ood unthority that Dr. 
 IJreyntou and Mr. Weei\s chiini the ^lel)«' in Annapolis as a 
 per(piisit(' to the garrison, and that rents for (h)nl)h! the sinn 
 of the ot'iers. 
 
 " I must, acknowledi^e tliat I reet'ived an anonymons letter, 
 with redections e«pially severe and untrue. Yoiir comparison 
 drawn so keenly i)etween me and Mr. Lyon, excited at once 
 my resentment and curiosity, and knowing that several Long 
 Ishind people resided in this town I immediately re|)aired to 
 company in which were two gentlemen and as many ladies of 
 the most unexceptionable and worthy characters. Without 
 hinting at tlie letter I had received, 1 in((uire(l into the charac- 
 ter of Mr. Lyon, to which incpjiry was returned the following 
 answer: 'That they were intimately accpiainted with the man 
 and his circumstances; that he was a gentleman of sense, but 
 illnatured and avaricious to a supreme degree. The former 
 appeared in the cruel treatment of his wife, a woman of tlii^ 
 first family in that part of tho country, and in his repairing to 
 taverns an other places of public resort to dispute, wrangle 
 and fight with his neighlxmrs. And as to his covetousness, 
 though he possessed an ample estate, he denied himself and 
 family necessary food and clothing. His house was permitted 
 to tumble into ruins, rather than anything should be expended 
 in repairs, and his children for the same reason were shame- 
 fully neglected, and no culture aiForded cither to their l)odies 
 or their minds.' And though the removal which you mention 
 was probably the consequence of his sordid avarice, yet the 
 above crimes, my informants declare, were exliil)ited in a formal 
 com[)laint by his wardens and principal parishioners. Now 
 with regard to severity, a covetous disposition, tavern hunting 
 and drunkenness, I am willing to stand the strictest scrutiny 
 of my most malicious enemies. As to your observations on 
 dress, cleanliness, &c., it must be mortifying to the last degree, 
 and deeply wound the sensibility of a feeling and generous 
 mind to be under a necessity of excul})ating himself, even to 
 his dearest friend, or of touching upon so delicate a subject. 
 Every one of our acquaintance will acknowledge that in dress 
 
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 206 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1785. 
 
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 and hospitality wo exceed our circumstances. Our neicc and 
 children make as good an apjioarance as any of their age, and 
 my wife would be ofl'ended if represented deficient in point of 
 neatness and elegance. 
 
 " As to myself, though always obliged to olliciate twice and 
 often three times a week, besides distant excursions, yet I never 
 appenr without shaving and clean linen. And even when I 
 am going to cateehisi; the children I seldom or never omit to 
 wear my habit, two or three changes of which I have in good 
 condition, fitted for the ditl'erent seasons. It is true that when 
 I perform at Granville, the skirts of my garments are frequently 
 tinged with the ooze of Toowaubscot, and my shoes disobliged 
 by the mud, but my face and hands generally escape the 
 contagion. Perhii|)s you ma^ in(iuire: ' Why do you dress 
 before you arrive at Granville?' Because no family within 
 miles of the church have invited me to the freedom of their 
 house, and my friend Bass, who lives nearly opposite, gives 
 me a most hearty welcome. I will mention another circum- 
 stance. Besides shaving myself two or three times a week, I 
 ])ay a barber one shilling a week for keeping my head in 
 proper repair. I intreat you not to mistake me. I acknowl- 
 edge with gratitude your kindness and friendship in giving me 
 these hints. 
 
 " I must remark upon what you mention respecting Granville, 
 that I have received very ill treatment from many of its 
 inhabitants. It was never probable that I should please some 
 of their leading men, who admired Fisher, a professed Socinian 
 and Republican. However, my services, though I officiate but 
 one Sunday in a month, are much harder than at Annapolis. 
 I am frequently called upon to attend funerals, lectures and 
 christenings, and yet have never received anything from that 
 people, (one person excepted,) by way of subscription, contri- 
 bution, or presents. I am obliged to find my own horse, 
 attendants and ferriage. One man, however, has lately offered 
 me the use of his horse. But not contented with this, a 
 number both of the old and new inhabitants assembled in 
 town meeting, and, directly contrary to the standing laws of 
 this Province, voted to take away from me the glebe, v/hich I 
 
1785.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 207 
 
 had rented for frrty sliiUing.s sterling per aiiimin, though it had 
 been in the possession of the Soeiety's Missionary for twenty 
 years. Their pretence is that I am minister only for Ainiapo- 
 lis, and they have proceeded to rent it out for five years. 1 
 am st!i.sihle that this violent and illegal measure has not the 
 approbation of the major part, among eitiier Church |)eople or 
 Dissenters. Two justices of each profi'ssion are warm in my 
 favour. We have received directions from my worthy friend 
 Col. Burbidge, of Cornwallis, a member of the 8o(;iety, to 
 bring it before the Supreme Court, and our wardens are deter- 
 mined to support my claim. It is impossi!)le for a place to 
 be more divided in religious sentiment than (:«ranville. I 
 suppose that there may be about four hundred families now, 
 near half of which reckon themselves to be members of the 
 Church of England, though subdivided into Deists, Socinians, 
 ^Methodists and Whitefieldites. The remainder are liUtheraiis, 
 Calvinists, Presbyterians, Seceders, Congregationalists, Ana- 
 baptists, (.Quakers, Everything-arians, Mystics and ^^c.w Lights. 
 A number of illiterate and drunken teachers are daily following 
 each other in rapid succc^ssion, like waves of the Atlantic;, the 
 last of which always eclipses the glory of his ])redecessors. 
 
 "I am at this moment informed thatti principal gentlenuin at 
 Digby is assured by letters froni London that the Society are 
 determined to establish a Mission there, but that no suitable 
 person has yet oll'ered. I hearti'y wish that our friend Bass, 
 might be admitted, since I aiu persuaded he w'ould accept 
 it with the utmost cheerfulness and gratitude." 
 
 In his report to the Society sent in the spring of this year, 
 Mr. Bailey says he had "oiiiciated twicer every Sunday since 
 his last, and continued to perform Divine Service, and catechise 
 the children on Wednesdays, without a single exception.'* » 
 * " Baptisms, since October, forty; that is, thirty-seven in- 
 fants and three adults — one negro man; a gentleman of 
 distinction near sixty years of age; and the father of several 
 children. I cannot be exact as to the number of communicants 
 since the inhabitants are yet unsettled, two persons, however, of 
 advanced age were admitted at Easter." He refers to the 
 
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208 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1785. 
 
 iira ,,(;i K, 
 
 statement that he had rented glebe lands to the amount of 
 X800 per annum. This statement had first been communi- 
 cated to Mr. Bailey in the letter of Br. Peters which has been 
 quoted. He now says that Bishop Seabury when at Annapolis 
 informed him that he had heard a like report. Mr. Bailey gives 
 the real facts in the case in nearly the same language in which 
 he had stated them in his letter to Dr. Peters. The diversion 
 of the glebe lands in Cornwaliis to the use of- the poor, and 
 Mr. Bailey's action in consequence, are mentioned as in the 
 letter named. He also says that " illiterate preachers, who style 
 themselves Presbyters of the American Church, have been for 
 several months past travelling through the country, preaching, 
 administering the sacraments, and marrying persons they have 
 seduced. Their success is the greater because they profess to 
 adhere to the liturgy and usages of the Church of England." 
 Mr. Bailey's report to the Society in the autumn of this 
 year is as follows : — 
 
 " Annapolis Roval, Oct. 28, 1785. 
 " To the Rev. Dr. Morice., Secretary to the Society, 
 " Hatton Garden, London, Great Britain. 
 
 " Rkvkrknd Sir:^ — Permit me to address the Venerable 
 Society with the following information. 
 
 " The inhabitants of this county, consisting of various nations 
 and characters, are more settled than at their iirst arrival. A 
 spirit of industry prevails among the emigrants, and finding 
 that winter wheat succeeds beyond expectation upon new 
 lands, they are maiiing rapid improvements, and, of course, 
 that dissipation and vicious excess which was contracted 
 during the rage of civil discord, will, it is hoped, quickly 
 expire. Their attention to religion, order, and the education 
 of children increases, and the happy etfects of instruction 
 appear where regular schools are supported, especially at 
 Annapolis, where constant attendance is given for their im- 
 provement. And I cannot do justice to Mr. McNamarra, 
 without affirming that there is not a better regulated school in 
 America than his. 
 
 " Our church still remains unfinished, as the ancient inhabi- 
 
 ll! J .tl! 
 
1785.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 209 
 
 tants and tlio new settlers cannot yet agree, though there is 
 some prospect that their disputes may have a favourable 
 termination. 
 
 " The V'estry have lately given me twenty eords of wood, 
 tlie (irst donation, either public or private, I have received from 
 the people, and for this indulgence I am chielly obliged to the 
 late comers. The old inhabitants in general are very unwilling 
 to contribute towards the support of a minister, notwithstand- 
 ing, it must be confessed that their ability is greater, since 
 they have enriched themselves by selling their produce, by 
 no means at a moderate price, to these unfortunate adven- 
 turers. 
 
 "My Notitia is as follows, since the beginning of May: three 
 new communicants; baptisms, fifty-one; burials, exclusive of 
 the garrison, two; marriages, since June, only one, since roving 
 preachers of various denominations have taken the liberty to 
 perform this important rite without license or publication. 
 And though prohibited by an express law of the Province, 
 under a i)enalty of fifty pounds for (!very offence, yet they 
 pretend that the Governor has given them permission. As I 
 have the fullest evidence that a Mr. Renkin, whom I never saw 
 but once, has, without any visible inducement, misre])resented 
 my atl'airs to the Society, I would humbly request their atten- 
 tion to a concise representation of my circumstances. I came 
 to this Province with a family, destitute of money, clothing 
 and J'urniture. I had then to draw upon the Society for two 
 hundred ])ounds sterling, near half of which I had the misfor- 
 tune to lose by the failure of a merchant in whose hands it 
 was deposited. At Cornwallis, it being a country town and 
 the peo[)le generous, I was able to live without exceeding my 
 income. But when I arrived at Annapolis I found it impos- 
 sible to support my character with so little expense. 
 
 "Dr. Wood had lived in alllueiice and splendour, and it was 
 expix'tcd that I should make tiie same appearance upon the fifth 
 part of his emoluments, the extravagant prices of necessaries 
 considered. About three months after my settlement here the 
 emigration of thousands in distress commenced, which neces- 
 sarily raised in proportion every article of subsistence, except 
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 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1786. 
 
 pork and flour. The assistance which these sufTerer.s demaiid- 
 ed from the humane by no means tended to increase my per- 
 quisites. 
 
 "There is no parsonage house in the Mission, and I am 
 obliged to pay thirty pounds rent for my present habitati n 
 and garden, wiiieh with fuel, horse-keeping and a servant, leave 
 a very scanty subsistence for my family. I have always 
 indulged expectations of receiving some emoluments from the 
 garrison. But after having performed the duty with punctu- 
 ality for more than three years, I have reaped no advantage, 
 and the gentleman at Halifax, who enjoys the profit, has never 
 once olliciated here, nor even condescended to thank me for my 
 assistance, and he even pretends that the glebe at Annapolis 
 belongs to him as Chaplain." 
 
 In his semi-annual report to the Society in INIay, 1786, Mr. 
 Bailey gives the following statistics of his Mission: — 
 
 " Baptisms in the last half year: o2 infants, 8 adults, (of 
 which four were black persons,) — 40. Burials four, two whites 
 and two blacks. Three new communicants." 
 
 The aftliir of glebe lands, belonging to the Mission, is again 
 treated at considerable length. 
 
 In a letter to Rev. S. Peters, Mr. Bailey speaks of the attem 
 of some persons in the town of Granville to divert the glebe 
 lands there to the support of the poor. He now repeats his 
 account of that transaction and says : " But a man of resolution 
 appearing, I gave him a lease at three pounds currency per 
 annum, and the town of Granville unanimously refusing to 
 support the said committee, I have acquired possession without 
 the expense of a law-suit." * * "Upon the whole, the 
 present income of the glebes is as follows : — 
 
 Granville, 
 Annapolis 
 Queen Anne 
 
 Ciiri'oiicv. 
 
 £300 
 10 
 20 6 
 
 £33 6 
 
 sterling. 
 
 £2U 
 
 9 
 
 18 4 6 
 
 .£29 18 6 
 
' . 
 
 1786.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 211 
 
 "Permit me once more to repeat that it still remains unde- 
 cided whether Green Anne's glebe belongs to the Missionary, 
 or the Deputy Chaplain of the garrison, since Dr. Wood, and 
 others, served in both of these capacities. The records of An- 
 napolis, if any were kept, with the plate and furniture given to 
 the Church by Queen Anno were removed to Halifax by order 
 of Governor Lawrence. * * All that can be obtained with 
 regard to this matter is, from autlientio tradition, that this land 
 belonged, before the conquest, to the Romish priest, and ihat 
 Queen Anne assigned it to the Protestant minister of the 
 English Church. * * * * I must submit to the pleasure 
 of the Society, but if they should speedily l(>ssen my salary, 
 it will greatly distress one who has for twenty-six years faith- 
 fully served them. His Majesty, and the Church, in situations 
 peculiarly diilicult and often extremely dangerous. And allow 
 me to observe that the other Missionaries whose salaries are 
 curtailed are all Chaplains on half pay, and that their situa- 
 tions are less expensive than mine; for the garrison, the Courts 
 of Justice, and the Packets between the two Provinces, are all 
 circumstances which not only render the entertainment of 
 company unavoidable, but in so small a town as Annapolis, 
 raise the price of provisions." 
 
 Mr. Bailey had received a suggestion from a friend in London 
 that his stipend from the Society was to be reduced. This 
 occasioned the observations in the concluding paragraph of 
 the above letter. 
 
 The next communication from the Secretary confirmed his 
 fears. From its date it could not have been received when Mr. 
 Bailey transmitted the above quoted half-yearly report. 
 
 Dr. Morice says, in his letter: "The Society have lowered 
 your salary ten pounds a year, to bring it more upon a level 
 with the salaries of their other Missionaries, agreeably to the 
 plan which they adopted last year, and of which I gave you 
 some intimation in my last letter. To a person so well 
 esteemed by the Society, it is hardly necessary to assure you, 
 that it is not from any disapprobation of your services and 
 conduct, which, they wish were as well regarded and rewarded 
 by your own people. This diminution of the Society's bounty 
 
 S5 
 
 II 
 
 J Ii I 
 
14' ' 
 
 Ik 
 
 
 
 
 i! I 
 t. 
 
 'i 
 
 i 
 
 'J; 
 
 If- 
 
 212 
 
 FRONTIER :M I S S I O N A R Y ; OR, 
 
 [1787. 
 
 ought to be ail incitement to yonr congregation to do more 
 for you, and, indeed, to fulfil those obligations to which they 
 are bound in common with other Missions. 
 
 " Mr. Viets, of Simsbury, is appointed to Digby, and, if he 
 is not yet arrived, I would recommend him to your notice and 
 assistance.'' 
 
 In Mr. Bailey's letter to the Society, dated Nov. 0, l/SB, 
 occurs the following passage : " I have given constant attention 
 to the duties of my Mission, amidst many diilicnlties and 
 discouragements. I am happy, however, in having so indus- 
 trious and good a neighbour, as the Rev. Mr. Viets. lie is 
 very acceptable to the people at Digby and the adjacent set- 
 +V'ments. Since the tenth of May I have baptized fifty-six 
 |.eiSons, four of whom are adults. Burials, only four, and 
 for three years past the proportion of the former to the latter 
 ' ns I i: nearly as twelve to one. * * * Although I sub- 
 mit wirhoiit repining to the decisions of the Society, the 
 reduction of my salary has greatly embarrassed me, especially 
 as I could not, with the utmost prudence and economy, avoid 
 being somewhat involved in my circumstances, before that 
 event took place." 
 
 ]<;ir ^U: 
 
 
 " Annapolis Royal, Jan. 2^, 1787. 
 
 « To Mr. T n . 
 
 "* * I presume that you cannot be ofll'ended at my applica- 
 tion by . If you fully understood my necessities, I am con- 
 fident you would, if possible, afford me some assistance. Could 
 I have su|)ported my family without running deeply into debt, 
 I would never have troubled you with any solicitation. But 
 what can I do, unjustly deprived of the Chaplainship, and 
 curtailed in my salary, with an helpless family, in a very expen- 
 sive situation? Indeed it is with the utmost difficulty we are 
 able to procure the bare necessaries of life. We are obliged to 
 sutler almost the same excess of poverty as at Kennebeck, 
 during the day of rebellion. But this is nothing in compari- 
 son with the expectation of processes and imprisonment, which 
 cannot be avoided, unless I can make payment within three 
 months, circumstances which you are sensible, must ruin a 
 
 m I'c,..! 
 
1787.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 213 
 
 clorgyman. Two things I must prescMit to your ivcollrction, 
 that half of my salary, wh'u^h is but £110, is expended for 
 house rent and fuel; and secondly, that what remains in your 
 hands was saved by selling our furniture, Mrs. Bailey's clothes, 
 and by starvation, (rod knows my heart, that I caimot endure 
 to distress any of my fellow creatures, especially an old friend, 
 for that reason I neither expect nor desire that you should 
 discharge the whole at one payment." 
 
 "Annapolis Roval, May 10th, 1787. 
 " To the Rev. Dr. Mo rice, Secrctnri/, i^'c. tyc. 
 
 "Rr;v. Sir: — Permit me to inform the Venerable S()ciety, 
 that I have been able to perform the duties of my Mission 
 since my last with some degree of success; that people arc 
 more constant than formerly in their attendance upon Public 
 Worship; that the Dissenters are so reconciled to the C'hurch, 
 that they fre([uently invite me to olfieiate among them, and to 
 baptize their children; that there is no Methodist or sectary 
 teacher in the county, except one Ana-baptist at fourteen miles 
 distance; that the inhabitants of Annapolis town have cheer- 
 fully subscribed to give me twenty .Pounds per annum, which 
 is as much as they are able at present; that all party has to 
 appearance subsided; that they have agreed to finish the 
 church, and have raised one hundred and fifty Pounds for that 
 purpose ; and that as no person or i)arty ajjpears to be unfriend- 
 ly, I have a more pleasing prospect of doing service than in 
 any Ibrraer period. As many people have removed from the 
 several towns in this county upon their farms, Annapolis at 
 present contains only forty families, including negroes; few of 
 them are in allluent circumstances, and many are very poor, 
 but I reckon five times as many in the county under my care, 
 which cannot properly be discharged without much expense 
 and fatigue. 
 
 "Baptisms, forty. Deaths, thirty; three or four of wdiom 
 died of age and sickness, the remainder were drowned, or 
 perished by the severity of the weather, or w'ant of proper 
 food." 
 
ItIi 
 
 \l I 
 
 iai. 
 
 Mil 
 
 i!" 
 
 l)h 
 
 vi!' 
 
 i :l W^ 
 
 ^' ii. 
 
 214 
 
 FRONTIER :\I I S S I O N A R Y 
 
 ; OR, 
 
 [1787. 
 
 " Anxapoms Royal, May Utli, 17.S7. 
 " To Dr. S. Peters, Piitifiro, London. 
 
 "Dkau Sir: — I ain at tliis moment favoured with your hitter 
 of February last, and heartily thanlc you for that ivind atteii- 
 tion which you have paid to Mr. McNamarra. I should never 
 have troubled you had not his eonduet recommended him to 
 every worthy loyalist. As to your information and advice I 
 receive it with gratitude. I have ever regarded you with the 
 warmest sentiments of alleetion and esteem, and, I flatter 
 myself that kindness must have dictated you to address me 
 again upon so disagreeable a sul)ject. But I assure you, upon 
 th(; word of an honest uian, that 1 never go abroad without 
 taking particular care to appear in character, except when busy 
 in my garden, and this both my health and the necessities of 
 my family require. Indeed, there is no person here above this 
 employment. But I find that you have no idea of travelling 
 in a new country. It cannot be expected that a Missionary 
 on duty in remote corners should ajipear as sleek and hand- 
 some as a L rodon deacon fresh from a barber's shop. 
 
 " ' If you reflect that we are liable to be called, upon a sudden 
 emergency, in all weathers, to distant excursions, when; our 
 progress must be continued, partly on foot, partly on horse- 
 back, by land and by water, through deep morasses, muddy 
 roads, and unbroken forests, you cannot wonder that we 
 sometimes exhibit a tragic-comic appearance. 
 
 "'Several times in the year past I have been exposed in this 
 manner, amidst violent storms of rain, mire to my horse's belly, 
 wet to my skin, and my clothes rent in climbing over wind- 
 falls; and in this pickle to perform the service 1 went upon 
 and then to return in the same shattered condition. You are 
 sensible that should a clergyman adjourn a sermon, a wedding, 
 or funeral, or a christening, or the visiting of a sick or dying 
 person till fine weather, as other gentlemen may do, who only 
 travel for pleasure, it would still be more criminal. I will give 
 you an extract from my Journal to the present purpose. 
 
 " ' November 15th. After a severe frosty night we set forward, 
 being four in company, for a wedding, to Clement's, about 
 fourteen miles below Annapolis. 
 
 i '^Miii| 
 
1787.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 215 
 
 '"In the second mile we crossed Allan's River, a rapid, rocky 
 stream, where we were finely bespattered. Onr progress for 
 several mih's lay through horrid broken roads, so encumbered 
 with roeks, holes and gullies, roots of trees, and windfalls, and 
 sloughs, that the passage was extremely dillieult and danger- 
 ous. \V(! were frecjuenlly oljliged to dismount and lead our 
 horses, wallowing knee-deep, through the mire. The last six 
 miles conducted us over hanging precipii-es, woody promon- 
 tories, and three stony beaches, full of honey pots. We crossed 
 Moose River at a critical moment, as the tide was running in 
 with ra|)idily. A little before sunset we arrived at INIr. Jones's, 
 a log house, with two small apartments, where I united in 
 matrimony Sheepy Spur and Alieia Van \'oorhies, the bride 
 very jn-etty. 
 
 " ' The house being crowded with people, Capt. Ditmarsh, the 
 bride's grandfather, invited me to sleep at his house. A little 
 before dark we set forward, and having walked above a mile, 
 we came to a river, where, after wading into the water over 
 our knees, we were under the necessity of returning in a dis- 
 mal, dark and cloudy evening, along the ragged banks of a 
 rocky beach, every moment in danger of breaking our legs, 
 and of having our eyes scratched out against the branches of 
 trees which had fallen over the bank. We at length recovered 
 the house, where musick and dancing continued till after sun- 
 rising. x\bout nine we began to return towards Annaj)olis, 
 but we had no sooner crossed Moose River, than a cold, disa- 
 greeable storm of wind and rain commenced, which quickly 
 rendered these new roads intolerable. Mrs. Spur was thrown 
 from her horse, but her husband, catching her in his arms, 
 prevented her from receiving any harm. 
 
 " ' She was however so wet and fatigued that we were obliged 
 to leave her behind. By twelve we were com])lcatly soaked to 
 our skins, and, by the plunging of our horses, were covered 
 with mud from the soles of our shoes to the crown of our hats. 
 Before dark I reached my habitation in woful plight.' 
 
 '•'• jSIcmorandum. Received half a dollar fee, as a reward for 
 my journey, expense, trouble, wear and tear, and in consequence 
 of this soaking I was alUicted with the rheumatism through 
 the winter, though I never omitted duty. 
 
 f . .■■ 
 
 i f: 
 
 111 
 
 M i 
 
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 210 
 
 riioNTiER missionary; oil, 
 
 [1787. 
 
 "As in Aiiiiiipolis lown, upon iiiy arrival it coiifaiiicd cii^'lit- 
 (•(Mi fiiiiiilit's, at pri'ricnt Jbrty-livc, only four or livo o! wlii(!li, 
 either by fortimc or odiicatioii, liavo any pretensions to j)olite. 
 ness, and these are all very friendly. Ont^ lias exerted himself 
 to|)r()('nr(; subscriptions, and another, ai knowledqed to hn the 
 polite!<t man in tin; eonnty, has snbserilx'd to givi; five Pounds 
 yearly. The other families are ttivern keepers, disbanded 
 sergeants, Seoteh pedlars, mechanieks, fiu'iners and negroes. 
 
 "Some are transformed into sho|)keepers, and others remain 
 very indigent. There is not a building ecpial to the lunises of 
 middling farmers in New I'lngland. It is from a regard to 
 truth, and not from any disrespeet that I transmit this account, 
 for I am treated civilly by all. I have not, to my knowledge, 
 an enemy among them, and they have readily subscribed to 
 give me twenty Pounds yyry (inninn, which is as much as they 
 are able. It is payable in May, and most of them have already 
 discharged the first year, and the fear of my being removed 
 was their |)rincipal inducement to subscribe. 
 
 "But the inhabitants of Annapolis are not the fifth part of 
 my parishioners, as will snllieiently appear from my Notitia. 
 They are chielly husbandmen and labourers with miserable 
 habitations. Many families are confined to a single apartment, 
 built with sods, where men, women, children, pigs, fowls, lleas, 
 bugs, inosquitos, and other domestic insects, mingle in society. 
 No less than forty of these huts exist within a mile and a half 
 of Annapolis town. In some of these wretched hovels, the 
 politest clergyman in Europe, w^as he a Missionary, would be 
 constrained to enter, to eat, and perhaps to sleep, or else to 
 neglect his duty. Brother Viets, when he has compleated his 
 first year, will doubtless be able to confirm the truth of this 
 narrative. In a new country poverty increases for the first 
 seven years, but after ten the inhabitants begin to revive by 
 degrees. This I have learned from former experience. I 
 resided almost twenty years at Kennebeck. The people were 
 miserable enough for several years, but before the rebellion 
 commenced the country was finely unproved, the settlers made 
 a decent appearance, and Pownalborough was politer than 
 even the city of Annapolis, and my congregation there rather 
 exceeded ray present in useful knowledge and splendour. 
 
 m..kii 
 
1 
 
 nil 
 
 1787.] 
 
 LIFE () r II K V . JACOB It A 11- V. V . 
 
 217 
 
 ;1 It- 
 
 Permit mo fiirllicr \o observe that Cisdxwn aiid every other 
 setth'iTUMit hiive the advantiiiijo of Annapolis in people of 
 wealth, {.'onsecpionce and politeness; thtit the connections [ 
 have formed ainonjj; the inhabittmts, the attention I have |)ai(l 
 to their children, and my readiness to ohlii^e them upon all 
 occasions, cannot, I presume, induce them to wish for my 
 removal; that I ha\ • been regidarly inducted int(> the I'arish; 
 that nearly one-halfof the town are my tenants, whose interest 
 would be ad'ected by a chanifc; that I hav(! been a loni,' time 
 in the Society's service in the most laborious iuid dillicult 
 situations; that I have endured many losses and stillerini^'s for 
 my steady attachment to the Church and (iovernmeni; that 
 my age and constitution will not admit of any new liarrass- 
 nients; that I have a large, helpless family, who dei)en(l upon 
 me for support; that though 1 am ))retty well seasoned to 
 woods and bad roads, to wet weather and fresh water rivers, 
 yet I cannot endure the salt water without cruel sickness, and 
 was I removed to a Mission near tlu; sea I could not possil)l\ 
 perform the duty; that I have, at much e.\pens(> and opposition. 
 ])rocured a grant of two hundred acres, two miles from Annap- 
 olis, this I am improving and consider the last resource of my 
 family; that at a certain time removals and the forming of 
 new acfpiaintances arc extremely disagri'eable, and that the 
 very id(.>a of such migrations is sniiicient lo suppress the 
 industry of any clergyman advanced in life, io discourage 
 every generous ellbrt, and eHectually to prevent his being use- 
 ful, since he must be acquainted with the temper and circum- 
 stances of his people, before he can do much service among 
 them. 
 
 "I fully approv(» of your rellections ujion the revolution Bish- 
 ops, and at the same time conclude that '■', y and their abettors 
 have as great a regard for the Alcoran as the New TestanienI, 
 according to which all rebellions are damnable, especially when 
 the most damnable methods are pursued to support them. 
 
 " I admire Mr. Waggoner's spirit. Forty Pounds could not 
 furnish him with an hovel, tire, and potatoes. 
 
 " Brother \iv\s went to Connecticut for his family before 
 Christmas, and is expected every moment to return, as are 
 28 
 
 K 
 
 i <" nl 
 
 ' Hi 
 
f 
 
 11 hi 
 
 218 
 
 I'BOMTIEIl .AFIS.SION AllV ; OR, 
 
 [17HT. 
 
 I't' 
 
 
 
 
 f 
 
 F' I 
 
 -"'■ I. 
 
 J^ 
 d^;.; 
 
 ) i 
 
 fill '^ 
 
 
 Cliirke, Scovil, and Andrews, to Nrw liriinswick. Wlicn tlioy 
 urrivc it is probabk- lliut we shall uiiilo in giving a Irnt' acconnt 
 of llic conntry and our situation, and to aeciuaint J)r. Moricu 
 that if he expects the Missionaries should niak(! a decent ap- 
 pearance, th(!y must have a decent, support. And though I 
 have never yet ^vorn a pair of leather t)reeches, y» Iiis cur- 
 
 tailing business proceeds much fiuMlier, wv shall be obliged to 
 (loath oin-selves, likt; the ancient worthies, iu)l indeed with 
 shee|) skins and goat skins, but with the hides of moose, bears*, 
 and wildcats. 
 
 " The following particulars arc absolutely necessary for a 
 clergyman in Nova Scotia: — 
 
 " 1. That he should have a large, decent house, well furnished. 
 
 ":^. That he should entertain all g<'nteel travellers in a gen- 
 teel maimer. 
 
 "3. That he should feed all the hungry and eloath all the 
 naked who approach him. 
 
 "4. That he should reform all disorders in his ish witli- 
 out any authority, or the least support of the eivi jistratc, 
 
 or encouragement from any (piarter. 
 
 "o. That himself and faiuily should be elegantly dressed, 
 without attempting to rival people of fashion. 
 
 "(i. That he should keep servants, horses, carriages, books, 
 garden seeds, and farming utensils in the best order, both for 
 his own and every body's service. 
 
 " 7. He must never be weary, lame, or sick. 
 
 "8. He must lly, when requested, to the remotest limits of 
 his Mission, amidst raging elements, and that without dirting, 
 wrinkling, or wearing his garments. 
 
 "■9. That he suder himself to be cheated in every Inirgain, 
 for wliich, whether he be silent or complains, he is sure to be 
 laughed at. 
 
 " 10. That it is criminal either to be prudent, or to run in 
 debt. 
 
 "As to a Bishop, I can only sincerely declare, that if it dc- 
 jK-nded upon me. Dr. Peters should be the man, and I believe 
 so say all the brethren. * * Permit me to insert a circum- 
 stance omitted — at this season of the year you cannot enter 
 
1787.] LIFE OF IlKV. J A ("OH llAILKY. 
 
 'ilO 
 
 !\ mile into tli(! woods without lieiiig covennl with bhick Hies 
 and ino.s(initort." 
 
 The introduction ot' the snifdlpox into Annnpolis lloyal in 
 the sinnnicr of this year ciinsi'd Mr, l?iiilt'y no littU* uncasini'ss. 
 His wife, (h'cidin«i; to hr. innoculiitrd, was h'ft in tlni city, whik' 
 l\Ir. IJaih'y retired into a distant part of the townsliip with tlio 
 cliihh"(>n. I^'roni ihence he wrote to Rev. Roger A'iets, the So- 
 ciety's iMissionary at Pigby. lie says: " Now, Sir, tlioiigh I 
 am atti'nding to that part ofiuy Mission, which I have perhap:^' 
 too much negh'cted, I nni sensii)k! that tin; peo])Ie in town are 
 uneasy to he so long withcmt public service, and would be 
 highly pleased with a visit iVotn you to olliciiit<' among them, 
 and to baptize a numl)er t)f infants born during my absence. 
 I must therefore intreat you to obligi^ them and m<^ with your 
 friendly labours. * « I caimot tliinU that this forcing a 
 loathsome and dangerous di-order upon our neighbours is 
 agreeable to the dictates of freedom, religion, or humanity. I 
 am, for instance, restrained from taking it from a principle of 
 conscience." 
 
 In 17!S7 the Rev. Charles Ingli>, D. T)., who had been Rector 
 of Trinity Church, New York, from 1777 to 178:3, was ap- 
 pointed the first Bishop of all the British North American 
 Colonies. This drew from Mr. Bailey a letter of congratula- 
 tion addressed to him, and dated October r^fith, 1787. 
 
 The usual half-yearly report to the Society P. G. is as fol- 
 lows : — 
 
 « Anxapoms Rovai-, Nov. 12th, 1787. 
 " To the Rer. Dr. Mar ice, 
 
 Secretary to the Societ/y, London. 
 " Rr,v. Siii: — Permit me to inform the Venerable Society, 
 that the people at Annapolis have cheerfully contributed to- 
 wards the finishiniT of our Church, and that it bei^ins to make 
 a decent appearance. But as there was a necessity of repair- 
 ing it from the foundation, I have Ix'cn obliged to officiate in 
 the Court House and in private places in the country, by 
 which means a greater number of all denominations have been 
 
 W 
 
 ill 
 
i. 
 
 1: 
 
 t 
 
 
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 n-mrn rr 
 
 
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 m 
 
 
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 i. 
 
 220 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY 
 
 OR. 
 
 [1788. 
 
 able to attend Divine Service. Since my letter of May last, 
 ]ja])li.<nis liav(« amounted to sixty-one; Marriages, twenty 
 cou})lc's ; Burials, only live. As lliis exceeds, in proportion, any 
 former Notitia from this |)laee, it is an argument that the coun- 
 try (lourishi's, notwithstanding several families have emigrated 
 to the States. But as they were chietly indolent j^eople, of a 
 restless and roving disposition, or notorious for their criminal 
 conduct, iheir absence can hardly be j)erceived in any religious 
 assembly, and their recess may be regarded as a fortunate 
 event to a rising country. A tenaiit on the glebe having 
 repeatedly refused either to take a lease, or to pay any acknowl- 
 edgment, I found it necessary, at the instance of the Attorney- 
 (ir'ner:d, to bring a writ of ejectment. I have long since dis- 
 persed all the Catechisms and Prayer Books transmitted by 
 the Society, and as they are greatly wanted among the people, 
 permit me to solicit a supply." 
 
 The statistics of the Mission are not given in the half-yearly 
 rejiort to the Society in May. That letter is occupied mainly 
 in a statement of trouble; and expense to which Mr. Bailey had 
 been ])ut in defending the glebe. In his letter to the Secretary 
 of the Society, in November of this year, he informs him that 
 he had "been successful in three several actions, which, it 
 is imagined, will snlliciently prevent any further litigation. 
 Though T have" [he continues] "the countenance of my prin- 
 cipal parishioners, yet 1 am constrained to bear all the expense, 
 except the assistaiice I received from one generous attorney, 
 and, as I am indebted to a wealthy man, who stimvilated the 
 tenant.-^ to this coniest, I am now exposed to his disappointed 
 malice. 
 
 Baptisms, since May last, 
 Burials, « 
 
 Confirmed, " 
 
 53 
 
 4 
 
 25 
 
 1111^; 
 
 i 
 
 " Near an hundred would have oflered themselves, had it 
 not been for the following unfortunate circumstance: the 
 Bishop, on his return from New Brunswick, had agreed to 
 give me timely notice. lie arrived at Digby on Monday, the 
 
1789.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 901 
 
 25tli of August, and wrote me that he intended to hold eon- 
 firi'^ation at Annapolis the next Sunday, but the lelter w;is 
 not delivered till a fortnight after. On Saturday, about nine 
 in the evening, he unexpeetedly arrived at Annapolis. I was 
 then gone to ofFieiate at Granville. I reeeived a message the 
 next morning to return immediately. It was now eight o'cloek 
 and I had twelve miles to ride, so that it was almost time to 
 begin serviee before I could see the Bishop, Init as he had ap- 
 pointed the days for eonlirmation at Wilniot, Cornwaliis, 
 Windsor, (^:c., it was rc([uisite that it should now be adminis- 
 tered at Annapolis. As serviee was expected at (iranville, it 
 was impossible to give timely information. Thus was tiie 
 Bishop chagrined, the people disapjiointed, and I mortilied by 
 the carelessness of the man to whom the leiti'r was intrusted. 
 I had taken unwearied pains both in public and in private lo 
 explain the nature, and to urge the necessity of conlirmalion, 
 as all the people, except a few Euroj)eans, were wholly unac- 
 (juainted with this institution." 
 
 From a letter from Rev. Sauuiel Parker, D. D., Reel or of 
 Trinity Church, Boston, dated in the autumn of this year, the 
 following is extracted: — 
 
 " Young Gardiner* read the service at Pownalborough last 
 winter and spring, but then went to New York and was 
 ordained by Bishop Provost, and had an invitation to a parish, 
 near Charleston, South Carolina, which he accepted, and 
 has been there ever since. I believe there is no service in any 
 Episcopal Church below Falmouth, where a INIr. Oxnard is a 
 reader." 
 
 M 
 
 b4 
 
 ■ "I 
 
 1 m 
 
 \ 
 
 
 • 'M 
 
 In writing to Rev. Edward Bass, at Newburyport, INIarch 
 14th, 1789, ]Mr. Bailey speaks of the trouble and expense to 
 which he had been subjected in defending the glebe lands. 
 He also says: "Pray inform my kinsman that two years ago 
 not a person in Annapolis ventured to sing in public, but they 
 have now^ attained to great perfection. The best families have 
 
 ilii 
 
 \H 
 
 * Kev. J. S. J. Gardiner who afterwards succeeded Dr. Parker us Hector of Trinity 
 Church, Boston, Mass. 
 
 i 
 
 l.-^.M 
 
fTTprTFr 
 
 222 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1789. 
 
 SJ' 
 
 ;': 'I I 
 
 joined to encourage it, and we have for more than a year per- 
 formed Psahnody in all its parts. 
 
 " For your amusement I have enclosed the hymns we sang 
 last Easter and New Year's Day, for the people here expect 
 that I should compose hymns, as well as sermons for the 
 holidays, and through the instigation of some friends I have 
 attempted to court the iNIuscs in my old age, upon several 
 subjects by way of satire, as the character of your demagogues, 
 the trimmer, &c." 
 
 "Annapolis Ro .l, May 2-Jth, 17S9. 
 " To the Ficr. Dr. Marine, 
 
 Secretary lu f/ie Sociehj, London. 
 
 "Rev. Sir: — I would beg leave to inform the Venerable 
 Society that St. Luke's Church at Annapolis is at length com- 
 pleatly finished, in consequence of which my congregation, 
 exclusive of the soldiers, is increased to twice the former 
 number; that the Dissenters at Granville have converted their 
 meeting-house into an Episcopal Church of England; that I 
 have received an application from the people of Annapolis 
 district, and officiate in their meeting-house one Sunday in 
 six; that the inhabitants of Clements have declared for the 
 Church, and request my occasional assistance, till they shall 
 be happy enough to obtain a minister. I cheerfully comply 
 with these various requisitions, but find that these distant 
 excursions, as age advances, are extremely fatiguing. And 
 though we have no settled society in this county to oppose 
 the Church, yet a succession of itinerant preachers from the 
 States and elsewhere, create great confusion among the lower 
 people, and are of inconceivable damage to a new coiuitry, by 
 drawing multitudes almost every day in the week, at this busy 
 season, to attend to their desultory and absurd vociferations. 
 
 "These preachers, however, agree in rejecting the literal 
 sense of the Holy Scriptures, and the Christian Ordinances. 
 Their dependance is upon certain violent emotions, and they 
 discourage industry, charity, and every social virtue, allirming 
 that the most abandoned sinners are nearer to the King- 
 dom of Heaven than people of a sober, honest and religious 
 
 
1789.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB RAILEY 
 
 223 
 
 deportment, for such, they allcdge, are in danger of depending 
 upon their own righteousness. 
 " Sinct! November last : 
 
 Baptisms, 39 infants and 2 adults. 
 
 4 new Communicants. 
 
 5 Burials. 
 
 " The Bishop in INIarch last desired me to transmit him an 
 account of my expense in defence of the glebes, with proper 
 vouchers. I immediately complied with his requisition, but 
 fear my letter could not reach Halifax before his embarkation 
 for Quebec. I must therefore beg permission to repeat the 
 substance of my communications to the ]}ishop. Besides all 
 the trouble, excursions, neglect of domestic concerns and abuse, 
 I was obliged to give three lawyers three guineas each, and 
 have been severely harrassed by another law suit, commenced 
 in revenge. 
 
 "It is true I have not only been successful in all these dis- 
 putes, but am happy enough to effect a perfect reconciliation 
 with all my opponents. Myself and family have severely felt 
 the consequences of this litigation." 
 
 The letters of Mr. Bailey for six years, i. c, from Atigust 
 1789 to August 179o, are missing, and but very few of the 
 letters of his correspondents have come into the hands of the 
 compiler of this narrative. 
 
 The following is an extract from a communication from 
 Bishop Inglis to Mr. Bailey: — 
 
 "Halifax, Deckmukk 5, 1789. 
 " Rkvkiu^nd Sir: — I am much obliged to you for yoiu- Notitia 
 Pcu'ocliid/is, inserted in your letter of Nov. 17, which is just 
 come to hand. It gives me great pleasure to find that youi 
 Mission nourishes, and especially that so many children and 
 youth attend to be catechised. My greatest hope of reforma- 
 tion arises from them, and therefore I am peculiarly anxious 
 that the Clergy should be diligent in instructing the risir : 
 generation." 
 
 ; I,"; 
 
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jJR?l"-T 
 
 V.l' 
 
 B' f 
 
 1 
 
 il 1''l 
 
 if 
 
 
 li't i 
 
 
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 0)4 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1794. 
 
 From the printed abstract of the proceedings of tlic Society 
 P. (r. in 17^9, it seems that "in the course of the year Mr. 
 liailey had baptized 01 infants, and 4 adults; married 12 
 couple; and buried persons." It is a circumstance worthy 
 of record in the Bioi^raphy of a Clergyman connected with 
 the Church in Nova Scotia, that Sunday Schools were estal)- 
 lisiied in that Province as early at least as this year. This 
 fact rests on the authority of a printed sermon of Rev. Roger 
 N'iets, "preached at Digby, in Nova Scolia, April 19th, 17S9,'' 
 in which he says; "]^ut the abuse of the mornings, noons, and 
 evenings of Lord's days is in part obviated by the late excel- 
 lent institution of Sunday Schools, for the establishment and 
 Hupjjort of which we are very much indebted to the piety and 
 assiduity of our worthy Prelate, who is never weary in well- 
 doing." 
 
 The Rev. Edward Bass wrote to INIr. Bailey from Newbury- 
 jjort, April •"), 1792. He says: "Last summer we had a high 
 Sunday here. Bishop Seabury preached in our Church and 
 contirmed an hundred and thirty or forty persons. Not more 
 than half the people who came to chnrch could get in." 
 
 The Abstract of the Society for the year 1793 contains the 
 following reference to the i)revious year. "Mr. Bailey, tlic 
 Missionary at Annapolis, besides the regular performance of 
 duty, continues to instruct in the catechism 30 children every 
 Wednesday, an<l as many in the country every Friday, during 
 the summer season. His last Notitia was, Baptisms 36, Mar- 
 riages 7, Burials 2, New Communicants 2." 
 
 On the 20tli January, 1791, (iovernor John Wcntworth noti- 
 lied ollicially the agents of the garrison at Annapolis that he 
 had a})pointcd Rev. Jacob Bailey Deputy Chaplain of that 
 fortress, the appointment to commence on the first instant, in 
 the place of Rev. .loshua Wingate Weeks, and directed said 
 agents to account with Mr. Bailey for the subsistence allowed 
 by government. 
 
 By this order justice was at length done in this matter to 
 the worthy Rector of Atmapolis. During many years Mr. 
 Bailey had at times actually sulFered from the want of the 
 income attached to the ollice, the duti<!s of which he discharged, 
 
1794.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 225 
 
 while others received the emoluments. He tried all proper 
 means to obtain his just rights, and his letters and those of 
 some of his correspondents abound with passages on this 
 subject, some of which have been inserted in this Memoir. 
 Mr. Bailey says, June 21st, 17S2: "Dr. Breynton, on my 
 removal to Cornwallis, otTered to resign his Deputy Chaplain- 
 ship of the S4th Regiment in my favour." This arrangement, 
 though strongly opposed by the friends of Rev. Mr. Ellis, was 
 carried into eflect. Mr. Bailey discharged the duties of the 
 ollice to the garrison at Cornwallis. In Decembi^r, 17M0, he 
 received ilSO as part of his salary. Shortly after, "Dr. Breyn- 
 ton," says Mr. Bailey, "seized the fuel and ordered the Quarter 
 Master not to allow me any perquisites except subsistence, 
 about two-fifths of the whole." 
 
 " After my appointment to Annapolis I received no letter 
 from Dr. Breynton till the latter end of June, when he an- 
 nounced that he took the 84th Regi'-'nt into his own hands, 
 on the 24tli of the previous April, tlius depriving me of the 
 stipend from the 1st January previous." 
 
 Deperi9ing upon the enjoyment of this income until he 
 should be settled in his new Parish, Mr. Bailey incurred debts 
 to enable him to make a respectable appearance on his removal 
 to Annapolis. The disappointment of course compelled him 
 to devise, if possible, some way of liquidating these debts. 
 
 The Chaplainship of the garrison at Annapolis, however, 
 had been held by the former Rector, ahd was considered as hi^ 
 right. This was simply just, because this clergyman was 
 called upon to do the duties of his ollice in the fort. 
 
 But on application, by one of the i)riiK;ipal men in the 
 Province, to the Governor in Mr. Bail', y's behalf, the Governor 
 replied, "that the Rev. Mr. Weeks, the instant he knew of Mr. 
 Bailey's appointment as Missionary at Annapolis, applied to 
 him for the Chaplaincy and obtained it." Nor were applica- 
 tions to a succeeding Governor more successful, for Mr. Bailey 
 says: "The Governor of this Province has been three times 
 directed by the Society P. G. to give me the Ciiaplainship of 
 29 
 
iTW^i^irr 
 
 Y 
 
 226 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1794. 
 
 r I 
 
 
 is 
 
 the garriaon hero," but without cfFect, "although he acknowl- 
 edges ill his letter to mc that my claim is indisputable." 
 
 In a letter, November 9, 17s'), to Mr. Bailey, Dr. Mather 
 Byles says: "Your letters of August 31, and November 
 2:2(1 arc safe in my hands. That to the Archbishop I have 
 enclosed in one of my own, from which I have transcribed 
 the following paragraph for your inspection : ' I enclose 
 a letter from I\Ir. Bailey, the Missionary at Annapolis, who 
 cannot yet obtain the deputation to that garrison. Mr. 
 Weeks, who resides at Halifax, still enjoys that salary which 
 belongs to the acting Chaplain of Annapolis; and which, as 
 Mr, Neyle, the commissioned Chaplain, is settled in Eng- 
 land, has for many years been justly esteemed as naturally 
 and inseparably connected with that Mission. In return for 
 this exertion of Dr. Breynton's iulluence with the (lovcrnor, 
 Mr. Weeks has long olliciated as the Doctor's Curate, without 
 putting him to the smallest expense, and, even during his 
 absence at this time, receiving no other reward, unless it be 
 the precarious surplice fees of the Parish. So that, as the 
 matter now stands, a Curate is actually supported for Dr. 
 Breynton by money, which is the eciuitabh; property of Mr. 
 Bailey. This, Sir, is the exact fact, fairly stated, and such a 
 partial arrangement must be highly displeasing to your Grace. 
 I make no apology for afresh recommending Mr. Bailey, as an 
 oppressed man, to your powerful protection.' " 
 
 Nearly two years after this Mr. Bailey writes to Rev. Dr. 
 Peters in London: "I have heretofore informed you that I 
 served almost two years the fifty-seventh regiment as Deputy 
 Chaplain, without receiving the least advantage, the reason of 
 which now appears. Mr. Weeks, not contented that I should 
 perform the duty of Chaplain to the garrison for nothing, with 
 the Chaplainship of this garrison must have the above regi- 
 ment likewise; and that they might compel me to perform the 
 duty of both, they procured my name to be inserted in the 
 military returns." 
 
 The subject of our Memoir received from the Society £50 
 sterling, which was afterwards reduced to .£40, and from the 
 
1795.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 227 
 
 Board of Trade X70, in all XI 10. This was afterwards somo- 
 vvliat increased by income from glebe funds and a subscription 
 of the Parishioners of £20. He says that his "))redecessor, 
 when articles of living were less than half the present price, 
 had £320 sterling per annum." At that time the duties of 
 Annapolis Parish must have been much less laborious than 
 they were after Mr. Bailey had taken the charge. 
 
 For reasons before stated, the expenses of living were large. 
 Perhaps, however, the Missionary there might have succeeded 
 in making the annual expenses of his growing family fall 
 within his scanty income. But a debt of oome £50, incurred 
 at the time of his removal from Cornwallis, and which he 
 intended to pay from the salary of the Deputy Chaplainship 
 of the 84th Regiment, hung over him. His creditor pressed 
 him for payment; he threatened, if he did not commence a 
 suit, and Mr. Bailey was obliged to withdraw £10, at intervals, 
 from his inadecjuate salary, in order gradually to extinguish it. 
 His letters show how sorely this circumstance distressed him. 
 
 At length, after twelve years delay. Governor John Went- 
 worth, who was his classmate in college, was enabled, by an 
 act of simple justice, to do him an essential service in conferring 
 upon him the income of an office whose duties he had for so 
 long a time discharged. 
 
 The following is part of Mr. Bailey's letter to the Society : 
 "Dec'r 15th, 1795. Permit me to present the Venerable So- 
 ciety with my Notitia for the year past, as I am uncertain 
 whether my letter of June last has been safely transmitted : — 
 Baptisms, thirty-eight; Marriages, six couples; 
 Burials six; New Communicants, eleven. 
 
 # * * # « We have been able for several months past to 
 assemble in the new church at Clements. It is a very neat 
 and decent building, iifty-two feet by thirty-four, with a gal- 
 lery and steeple. It is but justice to mention the very liberal 
 exertions of Capt. Ditmarsh and Mr. Palamus towards com- 
 pleting this church." 
 
 Mr. John McNamarra, who had been brought up by Mr. 
 Bailey from a boy, and had attained to positions of usefulness 
 and respectability, died in 1798. Bishop Inglis, in a letter to Mr. 
 
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 228 
 
 FRONTIER missionary; OR, 
 
 [1808. 
 
 Bailey, notices this event: " I very sincerely regret the death 
 of Mr. McNarnarra, who was a very worthy, useful man. In 
 him the community has sustained a considerable loss." 
 
 Mr. Bailey had written to Bishop Inglis, giving an account of 
 the disorderly proceedings of certain fanatics in and near An- 
 napolis. The Bishop replied at some length in a letter marked 
 by sound Christian counsel. In the course of it he says : " The 
 fanaticism in the time of Charles I. was one principal cause 
 of the dissoluteness that prevailed in the reign of Charles II.; 
 and from which the nation has not yet perfectly recovered. 
 • * In the year 1791 the New Lights made a prodigious 
 stir, so that I thought it my duty to advert to them in the 
 charge that I delivered at my Triennial Visitation that year. 
 If you have that charge, you can see in it my sentiments on 
 those points where they appear to be most irregular and vul- 
 nerable." 
 
 The Abstract of the Society for 1800 contains no report 
 from Mr. Bailey, but speaks at length of " an enthusiastic and 
 dangerous spirit among a sect in the Province of Nova Scotia, 
 calle<l New Lights. * * They have been more particularly 
 troublesome in the parts about Annapolis, Granville, Wilmot, 
 and Aylesford." 
 
 The Abstract for the next year states that " Mr. Bailey had 
 baptized during the year, 45 ; married, 3 ; buried, 3. Four had 
 been added to the Communion. He requests some prayer 
 books and religious tracts, which the Society have sent him." 
 
 In 1806 it is stated in the Abstract, that " Mr. Bailey, the 
 Missionary at Annapolis, has acquainted the Society, that, 
 notwithstanding his advanced age, he has been able to per- 
 form Divine Service every Sunday, besides doing duty at the 
 Garrison, and occasionally visiting Clements. His Baptisms 
 for the year are 43 ; Marriages, 7 ; Burials, 7. Communicants 
 at Annapolis and Clements, 76. The female school, conducted 
 by his daughter, consists of 34 scholars, 13 of whom are upon 
 charity. They attend catechising on Wednesdays." 
 
 Mr. Bailey was Rector of St. Luke's Parish, Annapolis, 
 about twenty-five years, and died of a dropsy July 26th, 1808, 
 
1808.] 
 
 LIFE OF REV. JACOB BAILEY. 
 
 229 
 
 aged seventy-six years, leaving a widow and tliree sons and 
 tiiree daughters. He retained his faculties, both of body and 
 mind, in a remarkable degree, to the last.* 
 
 It is a subject of regret with the compiler of this Memoir 
 that he has been able to glean but a very few facts touching 
 the last years of Mr. Bailey's life. His connection, for a (juar- 
 ter of a century, with a parish having the relative importance 
 of Annapolis, must no doubt have given him a good degree of 
 influence in Ecclesiastical matters in the western part of the 
 Province of Nova Scotia, and the writer has reason to believe 
 that he was loved and respected in the ])lacc of his reside ice. 
 To the last, however, his temporal condition, remained unim- 
 proved. He never was in possession of an income sudivuent 
 to maintain himself and family. Still, he was remarkable for 
 the benevolence of his heart and the liberality of his hand. 
 Though oppressed himself by want and debt, his hospitality 
 never ceased to flow, and by this kindness of nature he always 
 retained the personal regard of all who knew him. 
 
 To conclude the account of his family:— 
 
 Mrs. Baii,i;y died at Annapolis Royal, March 22d, 1818, 
 aged seventy years. 
 
 CiiAUiiEs Pkrcv, the oldest son, was a remarkably handsome 
 person ; and when the late Duke of Kent, father of the present 
 C|ueen of England, was commander of the forces in Nova 
 Scotia, he came on a visit to Annapolis, and observing this 
 lad, among a number of others assembled to bid him welcome, 
 he inquired who he was. This prince was so pleased with 
 his person and address that he prevailed upon his father to 
 allow him to take him under his own care, and to provide for 
 him. Accordingly he first placed him in the Military Secre- 
 tary's office, and subsequently gave hirn a commission in his 
 own regiment, (the 1st Royals,) where he served with honor, 
 till the breaking out of the American war, when the regiment 
 was ordered to Canada, he then being a captain, high up on 
 the list. He was killed at the battle of Chippewa, in Upper 
 Canada. 
 
 Rebecca Lavinia died at Annapolis Royal. 
 
 * Mr. James Whitman's MS. letter, Not. 30th, 1847. 
 
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 230 
 
 FRONTIEll MISSIONARY 
 
 OR, 
 
 [1808. 
 
 ClIAULOTTH MaKIA 16 stiU livillff. 
 
 Tiio.MAs IIrxry had the appointment of Barrack Master 
 and Stall' Adjutant of Militia, which ho hold till his death. 
 lie (lied yonnf^, leaving a widow and three daughters. 
 
 WiM.iAM (iH.HKKT was a lawycr, and did a great business. 
 He also died young, and left a suiall family. 
 
 Em/ahk/i'm Anna married Mr. James Whitman. 
 
 INIr. Bailey was below the middle stature. A side view of 
 his countenance is furnished in the prolile likeness prefixed to 
 this Memoir, being the only portrait of him now in existence. 
 Although his youth was occupied in the labors of a farm, and 
 he lived beyond the "three score years and ttMi" allotted to 
 man, yet we iind him s|)ealving frequently in his writings of 
 his slender constitution. His love of learning caused him to 
 suruiount many obstacles in order to improve his mind, and 
 the advantages he finally enjoyed were without doubt well 
 imjiroved. He strove hard to acquire knowledge, and wrote 
 much, and especially at various times no small amount of 
 poetry. Without attributing to him the possession of genius, 
 he may be said to have been a man of a fair degree of talent 
 and of a large amount of various information. 
 
 The abilities which the subject of this Memoir possessed 
 were industriously employed, for he was always busy. Many 
 of his writings have been lost, but enough remain to show 
 how continually his early practice of using the pen was fol- 
 lowed throughout his life. These writings are of a very mis- 
 cellaneous character. His journals and letter books which 
 now exist have furnished the greater part of the materials of 
 the foregoing biography. Beside these are a MS. History of 
 New England, comprising an account of its natural produc- 
 tions and topography, extending to some two hundred pages; 
 a Description of the present Province of New Brunswick, with 
 an Account of the Sufferings of the American Loyalists, who 
 were transported thither; Dramatic Sketches, principally of a 
 political cast ; and two or three MS. School Books. Much 
 of his poetry has been preserved. " The Farewell to Kenne- 
 beck," with the exception of some stanzas, highly charged with 
 politics, has been given in Note K. In the opinion of the pre- 
 sent writer this production has considerable merit. But he 
 
1808.] 
 
 LIFE or UKV. JACOl) BAILEY. 
 
 231 
 
 1ms not been able to find, among his other poetieul elVorts, any 
 whieh he thinks are to be compared with this. The ancient 
 maxim that " a poet is born sncii, wliih' an orator can be made" 
 by industry, contains probably more truth than is generally 
 supposed, and a propensity for versifying has doubtless been 
 often mistaken for that natural poetical gift vouchsafed to but 
 very few in any century. 
 
 A number of INIr. JJaili'y's sermons have been carefully ex- 
 amined by the writer of this volume. From various causes 
 many of these MS. are imperfect in the loss of some, and in 
 a few instances nearly all their contents. This of course ren- 
 ders it the more diilicult to express an opinion respecting them. 
 Uesides, those which have entirely perished might have been 
 on totally dilferent subjects from those which have been pre- 
 served. Of those examined many are of an historical charac- 
 ter, illustrating either some j)articular incidents, or the lives of 
 persons mentioned in the Uil)le; a few are Thanksgiving Ser- 
 mons, on various occasions; some are aimed at specified vices; 
 some are designed to enforce the Christian virtues, and some 
 are devoted to the instruction furnished by events in the Sa- 
 viours life. A few are either directly based on some of the 
 Fasts and Festivals of the Church, or refer to them. IJut, as 
 before stated, so large a portion of many of them is lost, that 
 it becomes diilicult to judge of these discourses from tlu! frag- 
 ments that remain. This, however is evident, that they do 
 not exceed contemporaneous sermons in close application of 
 C.iospel truth, or in pungent appeals to the hearer. 
 
 Whatever may be assigned as the cause, it is very certain 
 that the eighteenth century witnessed a coldness and deadness 
 in religion truly lamentable. This characterized all bodies of 
 Christians, nor did a favorable change become widely estab- 
 lished till within the last forty years. Now, it is to be hoped, 
 that while the truths of natural religion are enforced, the Gos- 
 pel of Christ is faithfully preached by the majority of ministers 
 in Protestant countries. 
 
 It is abundantly apparent that Mr. Bailey entered warmly 
 into politics. Considering his situation this can cause no sur- 
 prise. On his visit to England for Holy Orders he saw, among 
 
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 232 
 
 F U O N T I K II M I S S I () N A U Y ; O R . 
 
 [1H08. 
 
 otluT tliiiif;.-*, evidences of flu* ^rrat uuWtnry and imval jiowor 
 of that nation, and ihc opportunities he liad of mrt'lin^ with 
 the di<,'nitari('H of tlin estaMislied ('linrcli, and other circurn- 
 8tanc<'H, !itr«'n^thpni'd, no doubt, th«; h)yalty which all Atucri- 
 cans felt at that time, lie was a recipient of the bounty of a 
 C'hurch of England Missionary Society to an extent that to 
 liini must have seemed large. That Society, pitying the des- 
 titute condition of a j)oor and ignorant people in America, en- 
 tirely neglected by their countrymen, who seemed to l)e willing 
 to let the whole Kennebec valley either sink into inhdelity or 
 become the ))rey of Popish Missionaries, that Society could 
 send its sympathy and aid across the Atlantic, and the subject 
 of this Memoir was the agent for carrying out its benevolent 
 designs. The people of his charge were j)oor and their learn- 
 ing was scanty. They were also a very heterogeneous collec- 
 tion. A small number of persons, however, consisting mainly 
 of odicers of the county court and lawyers, might furnish him 
 ■with better society. But while some of these were estimal)le, 
 others were far otherwise. The latter harrasscd and persecuted 
 him, and exerted themselves to destroy the Church, of which 
 he was the minister. 
 
 The ditl'erences between the mother country and America 
 increased. Yet there is satisfactory evidence that after mat- 
 ters had proceeded to considerable lengths, some of the most 
 prominent of the American patriots contemplated only a re- 
 dress of grievances, and had no desire or serious thought of 
 independence. 
 
 It is very easy to perceive that Mr. Bailey, who had wit- 
 nessed the wealth and vast warlike means that Great Britain 
 possessed, and therefore knew her power, must Im' nnfident 
 that the parent country could easily conrp ' revolted colo- 
 nies. The Revolution, therefore, in his ^as little sh >rt of 
 madness. Nor could he be favorably ii ssed with tht char- 
 acter of some of the leaders of the revolt jii his region. They 
 were men of but little learning or refinement, .^ome of them 
 disclaimed all religious obligation. Many excesses took place 
 in these eastern regions, and if arguments failed to convert a 
 Tory, the tender mercies of a mob would not be effectual. 
 
 rii:-'! 
 
I 
 
 IT 
 
 1808.] 
 
 L I I' E O V R K V . J A (' {) n H A I T- K V . 
 
 233 
 
 rv 
 
 The Missioiiiiry saw mid felt that men ralsnd to power in hi.s 
 ncighhorliood, under the new order of thinf^s, al)us<'d tlial 
 power to gratify old personal grudgeH. llet;eiving his main 
 support from a Chnreh Society in England, doubt les.s he feared 
 that should the Revolution be sueeesHful, that support would 
 b(! eut of]", — Im; would be obliged to abandon his charge, the 
 labor and anxiety of so many years would be entirely lost, and 
 the Church, of which h(! was minister, become extinct. 
 
 When we contrast the treatment received by the Tories in 
 Boston, and other larg(! places, with the persecutions which 
 the friends of (Jreat Britain underwent in the eastern parts of 
 the Province, we cannot fail to see that the odiclals of the 
 latter region grossly abused tlieir power, and made personal 
 hatred, rather than the recpxirements of public safety, tlu; meas- 
 ure of tiieir severity. It was desirable, no doubt, that all 
 parts of the country should be united in opposition to the 
 measures of Great Britain, and men were to be drafted from 
 every town in the Province to iiU up the Continental army. 
 Aside from this, it coidd be of litth; practical importance 
 whether the county of Lincoln was loyal or rebellions. A 
 vast wilderness intervened between it and any of the loyal 
 Colonies. Nor could it in any way be a barrier to attacks 
 from the English from those (luarters. British troops occujjied 
 Castine more than four years, till the end of 1783. There 
 was nothing to prevent the enemy from taking possession of 
 Kennebec if he were so disposed. An apology for a fort 
 near the mouth of the river, armed with one cannon, which 
 had been an alarm gun at Fort Frankfort,* was the only hinder- 
 ance to a British fleet that might see fit to sail to its head of 
 navigation. 
 
 The gratification of personal animosity, then, on the part of 
 some of the Whig leaders in Lincoln County, rather than an 
 enlightened and honest love of liberty, appears to have excited 
 them to measures which would not have been tolerated in the 
 more populous parts of the same Province. This could not 
 
 *Mr. Bailey says that this fort was "a wooden block house, with one gun, a four 
 pounder." 
 
 30 
 
 
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 234 
 
 FRONTIER MISSIONARY. 
 
 [1808. 
 
 but be known and felt by Mr. Bailey and his political friends. 
 And making all due allowance for the weakness of human 
 nature, knowing how prone it is to resent injustice and op- 
 pression, we think that the facts before stated, while they do 
 not prove to be a sufficient vindication of Mr. Bailey's political 
 course, may still mitigate the censures which any may be 
 disposed to pass on an American, who did not feel the injus- 
 tice which Great Britain was showing to his country, and 
 therefore did not exercise his intlueiice on what we all now 
 agree to have been the right side. 
 
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 ix 
 
 i:'iili 
 
NOTES. 
 
 NOTE A. 
 
 Cl'agc2.] 
 
 I.\ the « History of Rowley, etc., by Thomas CJage ; Is 10," 
 is a " Genealogical Register of the Families of some of the 
 First Settlers of ]?o\vley." The first on the list is — 
 
 Baylev. 
 
 1. James and I^ydia. Had four sons; John, born 1643 
 James, 1650; Thomas, J()");3; Samuel, lGo8. 
 
 2. John and iMary (jMighill). Three sons ; Nafhanirf, born 
 167o; Thomas, ](i77: James, 1G80; and two daughters. 
 
 3. Nathaniel and Sarah (Clark). Five sons; Joseph, l)orn 
 1701 ; Nathaniel, 1703: Josiah, 1705; Darid, 1707; Samuel, 
 1709 ; and two daughters. 
 
 4. David and Mary (Hodgkins). Seven sons; Jacob, born 
 1731; David, 1735; Pierce, 1738; Amos, 1740; John, 1741; 
 Nathaniel, 1743 ; Ezckicl, 1748.— p. 438. 
 
 The father of the subject of this biography was one of the 
 seven deacons of tlie First Congregational Church in his na- 
 tive town. — p. 2-1. 
 
 The writer of Ihc above-named History, gives the name of 
 the family as Bayicy. But as the subject of this Memoir uni- 
 formly spelt his name Bailey, and as his immediate relatives 
 and his def-cendants did the same, this form of the name has 
 been adopted in this work. 
 
 m 
 
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 236 NOTES. 
 
 NOTE B. 
 
 [PttBC 70.] 
 
 As tlio interesting facts, mentioned in this and the preced- 
 ing paragraph, have never, (so far as the writer is aware,) been 
 distinctly stated by any historian, it is proper that the author- 
 ity which substantiates those facts, should be given. They 
 form not only a part of the aiuials of the Episcopal Church 
 in this country, but they are a portion of the history of the 
 United States. 
 
 Williamson, who has given, in his History of Maine,' the 
 most detailed account of this colony, says of the colonists: 
 " They left the ships, August the J lth,f and, assembling on 
 the shore, returned public thanks to Almighty God, and lis- 
 tened to a sermon adapted to the occasion." Bancroft says :| 
 " The adventurers reached the coast of America, near the 
 )nouth of the Kennebec, and oti'cring up public thanks to God. 
 for their safety, began their settlement under the auspices of 
 religion." " Purchas§ makes the following statement: An. 1()07, 
 was settled a Plantation in the River Sagadahoc,|| the Ships 
 called the Gift and Mary and John being sent thither l)y the 
 famous English lusticer. Sir lo/m Popham and others. * * 
 They chose the place of their Plantation at the mouth of Sa- 
 gudalioc, in a Wc^sterly Peninsula: there heard a Sermon, read 
 their Patent (.V Laws &: built a Fort. * ^ * The people 
 seemed all'ected with our men's devotions, cV. would say ihat 
 King Iamf.s is a good King, his God a good God, and Tanlo 
 naught, so they call an evil spirit which haunts them every 
 Moone, and makes them worship him for feare. * * On 
 February the 5, the President died. " 
 
 The compiler of this Memoir, although well satisfied in his 
 
 * Williamson's History Xp. , i. p. 108. 
 
 t An error in the date, see }ioi<t. 
 
 X History U. S. l.'Uh Ed. 1. p. 2()8. 
 
 (J Piirchas' Pilgrims, l.ondon, KiiO, Vol. v. p. 8.30. 
 
 II Saufiidahoc is the proper name of tiie river from Merry Meeting Bay to the sea. 
 The Kennebec and Androscoggin unite at this Bay, and thence take the first-niea- 
 tioiied name. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 237 
 
 own mind, from various reasons, that a minister of the Church 
 of Enghmd accompanied this expedition, (as was the case with 
 the first colony which a few months before settled the present 
 State of Virginia,) still supposed it to be nearly impossible to 
 establish this fact beyond a doubi, and entirely so to recover 
 the name of the Clergyman, after the lapse of nearly two and a 
 half centnries. He had stated his reasons in a note, when, just 
 as this work was ready for the press,* hv accidejitally discovered 
 that there was an ancient docMuiient in existence which would 
 furnisji him with much information desired on this point. 
 This document forms one of the Volumes published by the 
 "Ilakluyt Society," London: 1849, and is copied from a man- 
 uscript in the Sloane Collection, No. lO'Jri, in the British 
 Museum. The larger part of this contc^nporary narrative w\as 
 contributed by the writer of this Memoir to the Massachusetts 
 Historical Society, and was jmblished in A\)lume J., Fourth 
 Series of thei; Collections. An extract also appeared in the 
 ihird Volume of the Maine Historical Collections. 
 The title of the second part is as follows: — 
 
 THR SECOND BOOKT^ 
 
 or TUF. IIHST DKCADi; OI' TMI", niSTORIH Ol' TllAVAII.V, INTO 
 
 VIRGINIA BJllTTANIA, hntrkatin-i or tuk iihst J)is- 
 tOVi;i!i;KS oi' tmi; Countky, and of tuk iirst Coi,onii:, 
 thansi'ohtiu) uv S'' RrcMAiU) (4rhe.\vilk, Kvicirr ri'ox thf. 
 Island OF Roaxok, at tui; f.xi'Knck and cmaugf, of S'' Wali': 
 IIai.f.kiu K ;igut. 
 
 \n 
 
 As \i,SO of Tin: NOlil'llFliN CoLOMK, SIOVTKD UPON THF 
 
 Rivi:iioi' SAcnADt:nt)c, TUANsi'Oiirr;D An'! \')S'), at tui: chakgk 
 OF S': Jou.N PoFUAM, KNKinp, i.A'i'F, LouD CuiiiFi: .Ifsticf of 
 EN.iiAND, ciATUFRFi) uv WILLIAM STRACIIKY, GENT: 
 
 PSAI,. CII. VKR. IS. 
 
 "Tliis slinlbu written for the Generation to come: and tin; people W^'' slialbc 
 created shall praise the Lord." 
 
 • In ISoO. 
 
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 238 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 I; 
 
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 (In the title to "the first Hookc," the writer says "collected 
 BY William Straciikv, Gk\t: ykahes tiiithkr imployed 
 Secretauik oi' State, and or Counsaile ^vlTII the right 
 
 IIONORAliLE THE LoRD La-AVARRE, HIS MA'"f' LoRD GoUERXO'" 
 
 AND Cai't: Gexerall or the Colony.") 
 
 In 1G06 a ship was despatched to the northern parts of 
 America by some members of the Plymouth Company, under 
 command of Cap . Chalons. 
 
 This ship, which carried thirty-one men and two of the 
 Indians whom Weymouth had deliYcred to Sir F. Gorges, 
 was taken by a Spanish fleet, and carried to Spain, where she 
 was condemned. After mentioning this discouraging circum- 
 stance, the Strachey account proceeds: "Howbeit the late 
 Lord Chief Justice would not for all this hard hansell and 
 Spanish mischief give over his determinacon for planting of 
 a Colony w'^'in the aforesaid so goodly a country upon the 
 River of Saciiadehoe, but against the next year prepared a 
 greater number of Planters and better provisions, w*^'' in two 
 shipps he sent thither, a Fly boat called the (Jift of (Jod, 
 wherein a kinsman of his, George Pophain, eonianded and a 
 good shipp called the jMary and John of liondon, wherein 
 Raleigh CJilbert comanded, \v''' w"' 120 persons for Planters 
 brake ground for Plymouth in Jnne 1007.*' 
 
 ^^ Aiis>: 1. * * They hoisted out their bote, and the Pilott, 
 Capt. R. Dauies w^'' P-2 others row(>d into the Bay wherein 
 their ship road, and landed on a galland Island." 
 
 "yl?^!,''. 9. Sonday the chief both tin; the shipps w"' the 
 greatest ))t of all 1h(> Company landed on the Island where the 
 crosse stood, the w'"'' they called S! George's Island, and heard 
 a sermon delivered vnto them by Mr. Seymour, his preacher, 
 and soe returned abourd againe." 
 
 Leaving St. George's Island they stood for the Kennebec. 
 A violent storm nearly caused the shipwreck of both v(!ssels. 
 J^efore reaching their destination they were driven somewhat 
 To the south-westward and were a part of the time in Casco 
 Bay, whose leading features are described in the account. 
 
 "yi//5'. I-'"). * * Came to the eastward, and found the 
 
'f! 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 239 
 
 the 
 the 
 .ird 
 c'lier, 
 
 the 
 
 Island of Sutquin,* and anchored vnder y^, for the wynd was 
 of the shoare, by w'"' they could not gett into Sachadehoc, yett 
 Capt. Popham w"' the Fly boat gott in." 
 
 ^^ Aug". IG. * * in the morning Capt. Popham sent his 
 shallop to helpe in the Mary and John, w*^'' weyed Anchor, and 
 being calme was soone towed in and Anchored by the (luifts 
 side." 
 
 " Avg". 18, they all went ashoare and there made choise of a 
 place for their Plantation at the mouth or entry of the Ryver 
 on the west side (for the River bindeth y'self towards the Nor- 
 erfst and by east) being almost an Island of a good bignes, 
 being in a province called by the Indians Sabino, so called of 
 a Saganio, or chief Commander under the grand Bassaba." 
 
 " Aug-. 19, they all went ashoare where they had made choise 
 of their Plantation, and there they had a Sermon delivered 
 vnto them by their preacher, and after the Sermon the Presi- 
 dent's Comission was read w"' the Lawes to be observed and 
 kcept, George Popham gent was noiated President, Capt. Ra- 
 leigh Gilbert, James Dauies: Ri: Seymer preacher, Capt. Ric 
 Dauies, Capt Harlow, the same who brought away the Saluad- 
 ges at this tyrae shewed in London from the River of Canada, 
 were all sworne Assistants ; and soe they returned back 
 againe." 
 
 " Aug\ 20. All went to shoare againe, and there began to 
 entrench, and make a Fort and to buyld a storehouse, contyn- 
 ewing the 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27." 
 
 ******* 
 
 " Octo. 4. Then came 2 canoas to the Fort in w*^'' were Na- 
 hamada and his wife, and Skidwares, and the Bashabaes 
 brother, and one other called Amenequin,a Saganio, all of whom 
 the President feasted and enteriayned w"' all kindness, both 
 that day and the next, w'^'' being Sondaye the President carried 
 them to the place of publike prayers, w'^'' they were at both 
 morning and evening, attending y* with great reverence and 
 silence." 
 
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 IJ .l|||.IRip|ll|l|l 111 
 
 240 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 " Octo. 6. * * * After Capt Daules departure* they fully 
 finished the Fort, trencht and fortefied y* w"' 12 pieces of Ordi- 
 nance, and built 50 houses therein, besides a Church and a 
 Storehouse, and the Carpenters framed a pretty Pynnace of 
 about some 50 tonne, vv*^'' they called the Virginia, the chief 
 shipwright being one Digby of London." 
 
 This contemporary account establishes the fact that this 
 colony had a clergyman of the Church of England in their 
 number, that he was their chaplain, was sworn as one of the 
 assistants, and regularly officiated in the church built within 
 their fort. It also gives his name. The common notion th'at 
 Plymouth, in Massachusetts Bay, was the first place in which 
 any kind of Protestant religious worship was steadily kept up, 
 is evidently unfounded. Thirteen years before a landing was^ 
 made on " Forefathers' Rock," the wilderness of Maine echoed 
 to the sound of a pure and fervent liturgy.f 
 
 It is desirable to correct a misapprehension which has pre- 
 vailed to some extent, as to the precise spot on the Kennebec, 
 (or Sagadehoc,) where this colony established itself. Wil- 
 liamson J says: "Although, according to some accounts, they 
 first went ashore on Erasco/iegan,^ or the western Peninsula; 
 
 m 
 
 
 
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 ii 
 
 M 
 
 1, 
 
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 i: 
 
 * In the Marj' and John. 
 
 fThe present writer, while he wishes to, show that members of the Church of 
 England made provision at a very early date for the spiritual wants of colonics in 
 America, and also of the savages among whom those colonies were founded, has no 
 disposition to keep out of sisrht the pious endeavors of any other Christians to pro- 
 mote the same great end. It is only since these pages have been prepared for the 
 press that it lias come to his knowledge that Protestant worship and preaching were 
 continued for some time previous to Popham's expedition, in a locality within the 
 present State of Maine. 
 
 The colony of De Monts has been spoken of, p. C8. It was made up of Romanists 
 and Priitestants. Among the latter was L'Esarbot, who was a Huguenot. lie kept 
 a journal, which was afterwards published. In the " little chapell, built after the 
 sauage fashion," L'Esarbot gave public religious instruction to the colonists on 
 Sundays and other times. The name of tliis worthy man should not be suffered to 
 sink into oblivion. He undoubtedly labored faithfully in his endeavors to promote 
 the interests of religion, and whatever may have been his success, of which we are 
 not informed, he has connected his name in the most desirable manner with the nis- 
 tory of ancient " Acadia," and will hereafter receive the commendation of " good and 
 faithful servant" from that Master whose religion he sought tc promote. 
 
 J History of Maine, i., p. 198. 
 
 ^^ iVow Parker's Island. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 241 
 
 yet it is bolifvi'd tlicy finally dirfctubarlicMl upon an island two 
 hundred rods eastward, called Stage Island, supposed by them 
 to be better situat<'d for all the conveniences of trade with the 
 nalivCvS and of navigation through the year.'' » * He acknowl- 
 edges that they afterwards, for various reasons, rctiioved to 
 " the south-ea>t side of a creeU, near what is now called Atkins' 
 ]?ay, which stretches west into the land half a league, and 
 forms a peninsula at the southerly corner of the present" [town 
 of] " Phipsbnrg." Here, he says, "a few slender cabins were 
 built and a forti(ic;ation erected." 
 
 The present writer has taken considerable pains to ascertain 
 whi'ie the idea, that this colony first landed on an island, origi- 
 nated. The earli(^st book he has met with in which the state- 
 ment occurs, is " The History of th(> District of Maine, by" 
 [(Jo\-.] "James Sullivan," |)ublished in ITO-J. He says, p. 53, 
 "they spent a miserable winter, principally on an island called 
 Stage Island." At page 174, he states: " Tradition assures us 
 that I'opham's party made their landing on the island, now 
 called Stage Island, and as there are remains of an ancient fort 
 on Cape Small Point, and wt-lls of water of long standing, 
 with remains of aneii'nt dwelling-houses, so it may be con- 
 cluded that the Plymouth fort was at that place.''* Four pages 
 previously the historian had said: "On the west side of the 
 river are the remains of an old fort made of sione and earth; 
 there are also eight old walls now to be seen, and the ruins of 
 several houses. Whether these buildings were erected by the 
 English or I^'reneh is uncertain; but the probability is that the 
 former were the erectors of the works." At pages 169 and 170 
 the following statement occurs: " On an island already spoken 
 of, called Stage Island, was the landing place of Popham's 
 party. * * Ogilby, in his Collection, which he made in the 
 year 1()71, says that they landed on the west side of the river 
 and there began a ))lantation." 
 
 It will be perceived that tradition alone is assigned as au- 
 
 ■' mil 
 
 * " As early as 1612 the Plymouth Company, who had a grant of land on fhc- Ken- 
 nebec, erected a fort and trading house at Georgetown. By some it is supposcl that 
 this fort was at Small Point, and by others at Sagadahook Bay." — Maine Historical 
 CoUection, ii,, p. 200. 
 
 31 
 
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 242 
 
 KOTES. 
 
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 thority for the statement of this colony landing in the first 
 place upon an island. Yet tradition ap|)ears to have been 
 utterly at fault in pointing out the locality of the fort built by 
 the Plymouth company Ihirty-sevcn years after the departure 
 of Popharn's colony. Besides, the description of the remains 
 of an old fort on the west side of the river existing in 1795, 
 indicates that that fortress was built by persons of European 
 notions as to the strength of fortifications, rather than by the 
 colony at Plymouth, Mass., who would doubtless deem block 
 houses, built of timber, to be sufficient. Tradition is not uni- 
 form on this point. In Massachusetts Historical Collections, 
 Vol. i., 252, a writer contends that Parkers Island was tiie first 
 landing place of Popham's colo;iy. Certain indications of 
 early settlers are to be found even at the present day upon 
 Stage Island. Why may not these have been what was left 
 by the garrison established by the Plymouth Company, whose 
 locality is now confessedly unknown ? It will be observed in 
 one of the quotations made from Sullivan's History, that 
 although he makes the distinct assertion that the island he 
 names was the landing place of Popham's party, yet that 
 shortly after he quotes Ogilby as stating, in 1671, that this 
 party landed on the west side of the river. Ogilby agrees 
 with all the ancient writers, (for it is only modern historians 
 who have assigned this varying tradition as their authority.) 
 Thus Purchas, before quoted, " In a Westerly Peninsula." 
 And the Strachey MS. says : " they all went ashoare, and there 
 made choise of a place for their Plantation at the mouth of 
 the Ryver on the West side, * * being almost an Island, 
 of a good bignes." 
 
 In the autumn of 1852 the writer of this Memoir, in compa- 
 ny with a friend, visited the locality spoken of, and indicated 
 on the map, opposite page 77, by the figure 1. Standing upon 
 high ground, near the centre of it, he saw at once that the 
 phrase " being almost an Island, of good bignes," was a very 
 accurate description. And from a pretty thorough examina- 
 tion of this peninsula, it seemed as if the precise situation of 
 the fort built by these early colonists might almost be settled. 
 Conspicuous to all who enter or leave the mouth of the Ken- 
 
NOTES. 
 
 2iS 
 
 nebec, is a two story dwcHing-houric, built by Major Sliaw, 
 standing a few rods from the sea coast, and not far distant 
 from the river just named. Near this house is a erescent- 
 shaped pond of fresh water, covering about five acres of 
 ground. The land rises some forty feet on the north of this 
 pond, and then descends by an easy slope to tlie water of 
 Atkins' Bay, giving sulUcient space for the erection of a fort 
 containing " fifty houses, besides a Church and a Storehouse.'' 
 A large supply of fresh water would evidently be ni'eded for 
 such an estal)lishment as this. At the present day the water 
 in the wells on the peninsula is more or less brackish, which 
 in all probability has always been the case. Such a pond, 
 then, would be of great value to a fortress. This fact, and 
 the adaptation of the land to such a building, seem to be deci- 
 sive as to the locality of the fort. 
 
 The satisfaction of l)eing able to dctcrininc with a tolerable 
 degree of accuracy, the precise spot where this, the earliest but 
 one of the colonies in thi^ Northern United States, passed a 
 number of months, will, it is hoped, be a sullicient apology for 
 the space devoted to the discussion of this (juestion. While 
 everything relating to this colony will no doubt prove interest- 
 ing to members of the Protestant Episcopal Church, th(! addi- 
 tion here made to the previous knowledge of it cannot be 
 unacceptable to the student of American history. 
 
 '}t 
 
 From some cause or other, historians have done but very 
 scanty justice to the interest that some of the members of the 
 Church of England took in providing for the spiritual welfare 
 of those who attempted to colonize the then inhospitable re- 
 gions of this western world. We have seen in this Note, that 
 a colony of Episcopalians in INIaine, with a clergyman of their 
 Church as their chaplain, and as one of their "Assistants," 
 preceded that of the Puritans in Plymouth by thirteen years. 
 We now propose to show that another part of North America 
 witnessed the celebration of divine worship, and the adminis- 
 tration of the sacrament of the Lord's .Supper, /o/V^^-Z^fo years 
 before the " Pilgrims" landed on these shores. 
 
4!i 
 
 244 
 
 NOTES. 
 
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 :..| .( 
 
 Ill 
 
 I'li 
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 ^14j^ 
 
 In the reign of (inccn Eli/alx'tli, Capt. Martin Frobisher 
 made three voyuges to the eontincnt of North America. In 
 the attempt to discover a snorter passage to China than that 
 by the way of the Cape of (Jood Hope, he struck boldly for 
 the west. He finally reached a point far north of Labrador, 
 and in 63^ N. latitude discovered thi; straits which have ever 
 since borne his name. He returned to l^'ngland, and the next 
 year a motley collection of miners, gold-fmcrs, bakers, carpen- 
 ters, and gentlemen, with thirty soldiers and forty seamen, 
 were embarked on board of "fifteen sayle of good ships," 
 which reached their former harbor in safetv in the summer of 
 1578. Before sailing from England certain regulations for the 
 guidance of the adventurers were drawn np, of which what 
 follows is an extract : — 
 
 " Articles and orders to be obserued A)r the Fleetc, set down 
 by Capt. Frobisher, Generall, &:c. 
 
 " I. Inprimis, to banish swearing, dice and card playing 
 and filthy communication and to serue God twice a day with 
 the ordinary seruiee of nsuall in the Churches of England, and 
 to clear the glasse* according to the old order of England.'' — 
 HackJuyt, (Ed. 1600,) Vol. iii., p. 74. 
 
 They arrived at their destination " upon the one and thirtieth 
 of July." " Here every man greatly rejoiced of their liappie meet- 
 ing and welcomed one another after the sea maimer with their 
 great Ordinance; and when each partie had ripped u|) their 
 sundry fortunes and perils past, they highly praysed God, and 
 altogether upon their knees gaue him due, humble and hearty 
 thanks, and Maister Wolfall, a learned man and appointed by 
 her Maieties Councell to be their Minister and Preacher, made 
 unto them a godly sermon, exhorting them especially to be 
 thankfull to God for their strange and miraculous deliuerancc 
 in those so dangerous places, and putting them in mind of the 
 imcertaintie of man's life, willed them to make themselues 
 always readie as resolute men to enjoy and accept thankfully 
 whatsoeuer aduenture his diuine Prouidenee should appoint. 
 This Maister Wolfall, being well seated and settled at home 
 
 * Hour glass. 
 
1\ 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 245 
 
 ill liis owiie Coniilcry, with a «j[()0(l and largo liuiiii^, liaiiiiifT a 
 f^ood honest woman 1o wife and very towardly childri-n, bi-ing 
 of good reputation among tlu; best, refused not totuki' in hand 
 this jiainfuU voyage, for the otdy care lie had to sane soules, 
 and to reformc those Infidels, if it vv<!re jiossihle, to (^hristian- 
 itie: and also partly for the great desire he had that this nota- 
 ble voyage so well hegunne, might be brought to perfection: 
 and therefore he was contented to stay there the whole yeare 
 if occasion had serued, being in every necessary action as for- 
 ward as the resolutest man of all. Wherefore in this bchalfc 
 he may rightly be called a true Pastor and Minister of (u)d'3 
 word, which for the profite of his llocke spared not to venture 
 his owne life." — Ibid., iii., 84. 
 
 On the 30th of August, " jNIaister Wolfall * * preached 
 a godly sermon, which being ended, he celebrated also a Com- 
 munion upon the land, at the partaking whereof was tiu; (.'ap- 
 taine of the Anne Francis, and many other (lenllemcn and 
 Souldiers, Mariners and Miners with him. Tliis celebration 
 of the diuine mystery was the first signe, scale and confirma- 
 tion of Christ's name death and passion cuer knowen in these 
 quarters. The said M. made sermons, and celebrated the 
 Communion at sundry other times in seueraille and sundry 
 ships, because the whole company could neucr meet together 
 at any one place." — Ibid., iii., 91. 
 
 No American historian, it is believed, has noticed any of the 
 above interesting facts respecting the religious features in this 
 expedition, though some have spoken at length of Frobisher's 
 voyages, as connected with the discovery and colonization of 
 the American continent. 
 
 A discovery of somewhat recent date, on an island near the 
 shores of Maine, promises to give additional plausibility to the 
 theory that the coasts of North America were visited by North- 
 men some centuries before natives of England or France came 
 hither. In 1808, a gentleman in Bath, Maine, communicated 
 to the Rev. William Jenks, D. D., well known as an accom- 
 
 1^ 
 
 
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ff"^r 
 
 
 III 
 
 I! I 
 
 '1 ( 
 
 M'^ ;' 
 
 
 mn 
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 240 
 
 NOTKS. 
 
 j)lislj('(l Oriotital scholar, a sketch of some siiipfular chiimctcrs 
 found "on th« wido of a ledgn of rock, near the? inuhllc t)f tho 
 little Island of iManfmas, which is separated from Monhei^an 
 iKland only by a narrow strait that forms the liarbor of the lat- 
 ter." At the ainnial meeting of the ^Vmerican Academy of 
 Arts and Sciences, in May, J8ol, Dr. .Tenks made a commimi- 
 cation respe(rtinfjf the characters n^ferred to. Since that time 
 an accurate transcript has been made of the inscription. Tiie 
 characters are eighteen in number, and Dr. .Tenks has now no 
 doubt that they are Runic in their origin. As in the case of 
 the inscription on the rock at Dighton, Mass., "only some six 
 or seven characters arc claimed to be Runic, or even Plneni- 
 cian, Punic, or foreign," should it be established l)eyond a rea- 
 sonable doubt that this inscription at Monhegan is Runic, the 
 State of Mainc^ will present greater claims to the interest of the 
 historian and anticpiary than has heretofore been allowed to it. 
 Dr. .lenks says, in Ilayward's (lazetteer, p. 04: "We cannot, 
 perhaps, venture to assert that the coast had never been visited 
 by Europeans before the voyage of Cabot, or those of the 
 Spaniards, who, with the French, seem to have been upon it 
 at an early date. But on a small island very near Monhegan, 
 was discovered in 1808, an inscription of rather a curious kind 
 made on the side of a rock. It might possibly countenance 
 the hypothesis, which has of late been entertained with so 
 much approbation and interest by the Danish anticpiaries, that 
 America was visited by Scandinavians or Icelanders, long be- 
 fore Columbus. Yet the inscription seems to be too simple to 
 be resolved into Runic characters. On the top of the rock 
 were found three holes, about one foot apart, rather deeply 
 perforated, and calculated to accommodate a tripod. The 
 Island is called Mananas, or Menannah, and is described by 
 Williamson ; although so far as is known to the writer, the 
 above inscription has never before met the public eye. It is 
 the only one of which he has heard as existing in Maine ; and 
 whether it were the result of mere idleness, or made to score a 
 reckoning,* or has a meaning of a difTerent kind, we will not 
 
 * This rock is either granite or gneiss. Is it probable that any one would " score a 
 reckoning " in so hard a substance ? 
 
KOTES. 
 
 247 
 
 uiidcrlake to (Ictcrtiiiiio. Tin* liok-a aro an inch (U't'p or more, 
 aiul near llirt'c, iiielu's in diaiiintcr. Tlic strokes art; cut to 
 the depth of nearly half an inch, and are about hIx inches in 
 lenfi;th, as our informant* stated. A spring is near, and the 
 shor«! about thirty rods oiK The ledj^e of rock is near the 
 centre of the little island, and runs about N. NJ'I.and S. S VV." 
 
 NOTE C. 
 
 CI'UKe T4.J 
 
 "The ancient colony of New Plymouth, having met with 
 many losses and discouragemi^nts in their trade at Kennebeck, 
 in 1()()1 conveyed their lands to Antipas Hois, Edward Tyng, 
 Thomas Brattle and John Winslow, with all the privileges of 
 the Patent, for the sum of £400 sterling. 
 
 "But the freiiueut wars and commotions which disturbed the 
 Eastern country prevented these g«Mitlemen and their heirs 
 from making any improv(Miu'nts. And besides, this territory, 
 being seldom visited, was generally esteemed only a barren 
 tract, in a severe climate and a remote and wilderness country. 
 At length, Mr. Samuel Goodwin, of Charlestown, (Mass.,) 
 now Major Goodwin of Pownalboro', having obtained some 
 intelligence from his ancestors concerning the abov<;-mentioned 
 purchase, and having procured a twenty-fourth part from his 
 father, engaged with resolution in the aflair. But the original 
 Patent, by which they were entitled to reassume the |)ossession 
 could not be found, and a majority of the proprietors imagined 
 it lost beyond recovery; it was therefore his first concern, to 
 acquire, if possible, this necessary instrument; and it was with 
 indefatigable industry, unwearied application, and a great 
 expense, he was able to obtain proper intelligence of said 
 Patent. After searching a multitude of Records, he found it 
 in the hands of Samuel Wells, Esq., one of the Commission- 
 ers for settling the bounds between the late Colony of Plymouth 
 and that of Rhode Island. This Patent had been long cou- 
 
 .'ii 
 
 *The late Major Josiua Shaw, of Bath, Maine. 
 
 J 
 

 It 
 
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 248 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 coaled by nn ancient woman with a view, it is ;.resnmcc], of 
 makiiii; soiree advantage to herself, or family, and it; was finally 
 wrested out of her possession by a stratagem, and delivered 
 to the jibove Commissioners in order to assist in their deter- 
 minations. i\Ir. Goodwin obtained an order from the (ieneral 
 Court, directing Mr. Wells to resign the Patent, and having in 
 this manner procured the original conveyance, prevailed with 
 a number of gentlemen to be concerned by purchase, and xMr. 
 Bowdoin, Vassal, Hancock', llr. (Jardiner, Ilallowell, and other 
 wealtliy persons were engaged, and formed themselves into a 
 company, and the first meeting was held, agreeable to a war- 
 rant, in 1719. 
 
 " !\lr. Goodwin, by order of ! he proprietors, began his surveys 
 in I7")0, and continued in that employ through the whole sum- 
 mer, notwithstanuing the Indians, by their motions, had terri- 
 fied all the inhabitants into garrison.'' 
 
 The above is taken from a JNIS. History of New Enirliind, 
 by Rev. Jacob ]?ailey. As he lived on terms of intimacy with 
 Major (ioodwin it is probable that he Outained his information 
 from him. The following also occurs in the same "History, 
 &c:'' "Towards the end of sutumer, 1751, a number of 
 Protestants arrived at Boston from Germany, who had been 
 enticed from their native country in consecpience of pompous 
 advertisements and specious promises. About fifty families 
 of <he.se strang(Ts were prevailed upon by the I^lymonth Com- 
 pany to settle under their jirotection. They, with several 
 others of Irish ai:d English extraction, were condncted to 
 Kennebeck by Major (lOodwin, where they began a settlement 
 upon a commodious neck of land op|)osite to Richmond, and 
 almost thirty miles from the ocean. 
 
 " l?ut before they could enter upon their voyage to the East- 
 ward winter came on with unconmion severity, and it was 
 with extreme dilliculty they reached Fort Richmond, about the 
 beginning of March, 17o:2. In order to secure the inhabitants 
 of this new plantation, called Frankfort, from any disturb- 
 ance, the Plymouth Company agreed to erect a fort about 
 one mile and a (juarter above Richmond on the eastern 
 shore, near a famous carrying place from the Kennebeck into 
 
NOTES, 
 
 249 
 
 Muiulooseotoock, or Eastern River. This fortification was 
 named Fort Shirley, in honour of the Governor; a wall of 
 palisndoes enclosed a square of two hundred feet, two strong 
 block houses, mounted with cannon were erected at opposite 
 angles, and several barracks, for the reception of soldiers." 
 
 Rev. Mr. Bailey states in a communication to the Boston 
 Ei'ctn'tii^ Post, November 4th, 177^}, that it had been asserted 
 "that the first settlers of West Pownalboro' emigrated from 
 Franckfort, in (lermany, but upon en(iuiry it appears that not 
 a single family came either from that city or its jurisdiction. 
 It is true that six or seven families, chiefly of French Protest- 
 ants, who had been expelled France for their religion, issued 
 from the neighbouring territories; several other Dutch Luther- 
 ans were collected from the different parts of the Empire, to 
 which we may add a number of families from about Mount 
 Billiard, who speak a dialect of the I'rench." 
 
 The following, extracted from Hawkins's '' Missions of the 
 Church of England," p. 53;'H), is inserted here to show that 
 emigrations from the same part of l<'urope just mentioned, 
 were going on to other parts of the British American Colonies, 
 and also that these emigrants .^'adily conforme(lto the Church 
 of England. "In l7")'-i, Mr. Moreau"' (a Missiduary at Halifax, 
 N. S.) "re|)orted that oOO Protestants of the Confession of 
 Augsbnrgh, recently arrived in Xova !Sci>tiii from Montbeliiard, 
 had joined thmselves to the Church < •' England, and desired 
 to j)artake of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. They 
 received copies of the Book of Common Prayer, in French, 
 with the greatest aatisfaction, which they showed by kissing 
 the books and Mr. Moreau's hand as he distributed them." 
 
 \: 
 
 '^m 
 
 \ i ^ 
 
 MOTE 1), 
 
 [I'agr 77.] 
 
 It seems proper to record such information as is preserved, 
 concerning the first Church Missi«'iiary that officiated cast of 
 Casco, (now Portland.) 
 3d 
 
i" 
 
 l!i 
 
 m 
 
 I 
 
 250 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 Of the time or place of his birth, we have no knowledge, 
 nor do we know where he received his edncation. 
 
 The first notice we have of him, is in the very laborious and 
 correct edition of Smith's .Journal, by Wm. Willis, Esq., of 
 Portland, iMaine. Mr. Willis says, on page SJ3, Note 1: "In 
 Novemiier, (l7o()) the Presbyterian party of the Irish emigrants 
 in Portland, installed Rev. William McClanethan, a staunch 
 suj)porter of that persuasion from the North of Ireland ; but 
 they were unable to support him, and he went to Georgetown 
 and Brunswick and linally to Clu'lsea" 
 
 The following is copied from General Sc'wall's Hi.^rory of 
 Bath, i)ublislied in collections of Maine Historical Society, 
 Vol. ii. ]\ '>20. s. "The Church first established in the 
 County of Lincoln, was at G(>orgetown. The members were 
 Presbyterians. In 1734,' Rev. William McLanathan was or- 
 dained as an evangelist, and officiated there until 1774. The 
 house of worshi|) was near tlie Mansion house of the Irste 
 Major Lithgow where Mr. McLanathan usually officiated, j 
 btit whether Mr. McLanathan had the pastoral charge of the 
 church, we are not informed." Divisions arose and two so- 
 cieties were established. The Pastor of the second Society, 
 having left the jilace, Mr. Mac Lanathan olliciated for both 
 Societies one year, on a salary of c£200. 
 
 In the Church Records of Chelsea, Mass. is the following: 
 « Oclo. 19///, 1747. Voted, that the town's Committee be 
 desired to retjuest and agree with the Rev. Mr. William Mc. 
 Clenachan to preach for the further term of two months on 
 probation.*' 
 
 On the 13ni of April, 1748, "Mr. Mc Clenachan was chosen, 
 by a groat majority. Colleague with the Rev. Thomas Cheever," 
 Pastor of the Congregational Society in the above-named 
 town. It is afterwards stated in the same Records that the 
 
 * This (liitp cannot be reconciled with the one previously given, 1736. The latter 
 howcv( r, must be correct, as it occurs in a journal of daily occurrences, for many years 
 kept by Rev. Thomas 8\i ith, Pastor of the first ConRreRational Parish in Portland. 
 
 t J liere is reason to think that this buildini; was not erected till many years after- 
 wards, and then for tlic servire" of the Church of England. Major Lithgow's house, 
 ■was built in 17(30. 
 
 
NOTES. 
 
 251 
 
 ii 
 
 ing: 
 
 ,'er," 
 ined 
 the 
 
 town had concurred with the Church in the above choice "by 
 a very great majority." In the letter prepared to iw s(Mit to 
 the Churches invited to assist in the installation of Mr. Me. C, 
 he is spoken of as "late of Blanford.'' The installation took 
 place on the 21st December, I74><. * # ♦ * 
 
 '■'• Dec. Ixih, 17o4. The Church met by appointment. Rev, 
 Mr. Mc. Clenachan desired the Church would dismiss him from 
 his Pastoral relation to lliis Church, and insisted thereon. 
 Upon which, voted, unanimously, not to dismiss him. 
 
 '-'■ Dec. '2'jlh, 17;") I. The aforesaid Mr. JNIc. Clenacfian having 
 dissolved his relation to this Church, by leaving them contrary 
 to the above vote, was receiv(.'d, contirmed,' and partook of 
 the Lord's Supper under the establishment of the Church of 
 England, by the Rev. Dr. Timothy Cutler.'' f 
 
 On the 21pt March, 17oo, Mr. Maclenachan was appointed 
 by the Society for Propagating the Gospel iii Foreign Parts, 
 as their Missionary to the "Eastern Frontier of Massachusetts 
 Bay," and his salary commenced from the Cliristmas j)rcced- 
 ing. Pie must have been in London previous to the former 
 date, and have taken t)rtl(!rs in the Church of England. He 
 did not, however, embark for Am(;rica till August of ihat year. 
 He landed in Boston, October lOth of that year, and remained 
 there during the following winter, assigning as a reason for 
 this course that he did not think it safe to carry his family, on 
 the eve of winter, to the place of his Mission, where no house 
 was provided for them. However, in May, 17'')(), he removed 
 to Fort Richmond, using this ruinous structure, a part of the 
 time at least, as an habitation. 
 
 "The Society (P. G.) on complaint of his delays, had 
 stopped his salary: but on his writing from his Mission, |)rom- 
 ising diligence and exj)ressing his hope to be continued, they 
 restored it December 17o(j. And on hi • requesting, in .June 
 and October, 1758, to be removed, the Society ordered him 
 £10 each time as an encouragement, fearing from his rcprc- 
 
 * It can hardly be necessary to remind the intelligent reader that this is a mistake. 
 As there was no Protestant Bishop in America until after the Itevolution, of course 
 confirmation could not be administered. 
 
 fUcctor of Christ's Church, lloston, I'lass. 
 
 11; -m 
 
 ill 
 
 1 
 
 .i-iti 
 
 I ^1 
 
 
 .i.A ! 
 
h :l 
 
 m'( 
 
 i ■■■: 
 
 252 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 scntations that a successor of snilicioiit resolution and activity- 
 could not easily be got." The people of Frankf'^rt statcv^ that 
 he did not stay with them but till Dec. 17;')S.* He first went 
 to Virginia, then to Philadelphia, "from which city he sent, 
 June !22d, 1759, his first notification to the Society of his 
 resigning his Mission; and desired to have his salary paid till 
 midsummer, alleging that it wanted but two days of the time. 
 This the Society granted of course: not suspecting that he 
 had left the place of his Mission six months before, which he 
 ought fairly to have told them. And thus he received his 
 salary for four years and a half, besides gratuities of £20, and 
 were but two years and a half upon his post." 
 
 Mr. Maclenachan thus left his Mission on the Kennebec with- 
 out the usual notification to the Society of such an intention, 
 and accepted an invitation to some church in Virginia, but 
 omitted to go there, " though he had received such marks of 
 favour, that he ought to think himself obliged to serve them." 
 
 Shortly after his arrival in Philadelphia, the Vestry of 
 Christ C'hurch in that city, chose him assistant to the Rector, 
 Rev. Dr. Jenney. 
 
 There being already one assistant in that Church, and one 
 previously recommended as the second, the Rector declined to 
 sign the application for a license to Mr. McL. and signified to 
 the Bishop of London that he disapproved of the candidate. 
 
 In answer to a letter of the Vestry of Christ Church, the 
 Bishop of London wrote, March 26l!i, 1760, refusing to give 
 Mr. McL. the license desired, for the reasons stated, whereupon, 
 an application was made to the Archbishop of Canterbury, to 
 obtain from him what had been desired. This was accompa- 
 nied by a letter in Mr. Mcl/s favor, from 18 Presbyterian Min- 
 isters, convened in Philadelphia! To these documents. His 
 Grace replied at some length in a letter to Mr. McL., under 
 date of October 9th, 17(30. 
 
 In this letter he points out, (among other things,) the ex- 
 
 ii 
 
 I 
 
 i^:^ I 
 
 * " Mr. Mac Clcnachan oHiciated amont? us but a little while, viz. : from May, 17.)6, 
 to Dec. l~'i'i."—('opy of a Pititiun lo t/te !<odeti/ P. G., among Rcl: Jacob Bailci/'s 
 
 Paper' a. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 253 
 
 tremo itidelicacy of applying to him in a matter which was 
 entirely within tlie jurisdiction of the Bisiiop of JiOiulon, and 
 mildly, yet severely rebukes Mr. INIcL. for his conduct. The 
 Archbishop says: "ought it not to give yon a further distrust 
 of your |)r()ceedings, that no one Clergyman of the Church of 
 England in America, hath declared himself to approve; them : 
 and that the Convention of Clergymen which met at Fhiladel- 
 pliia last May, have strongly expressed their disapprobation of 
 your behaviour both in that Convention and out of it; and 
 have signified that they would not suffer you to preach in any 
 of their pulpits ?" 
 
 Mr. Maclenachan stated, in his letter to the Archbishop, 
 "that he had been favoured with the occasional use of the 
 State House in which to olliciate, and was followed by a mul- 
 titude of people of all denominations." Mr. Maclena(;han is 
 also said to have been the founder of St. Paul's Church, in 
 Philadelphia. lie probably removed shortly after to New Jer- 
 sey, for in a letter from the Rev. Colin Campbell, December 
 26th, 17G1 , he laments " that his congregation at Mount Holly, 
 which was very nourishing, has been hurt by some enthusias- 
 tical people of Mr. Maclenaghan's parly, who pretend that Mr. 
 Maclenaghan is the only preacher of Christ in America^ aid. 
 all the rest are Antinomians." But from another letter, writ- 
 ten about si.v months after, by Mr. Campbell, it appears that 
 these people were " reduced to a sense of their sin in a cause- 
 less separation, and are returning daily to their proper fold." 
 
 The authoriti(;s for the statements in the lirst part of this 
 Note have been given. For tin.' facts in the history of Mr. 
 Maclenachan, after his ordination in the Church of England, 
 and for some of the language used in narrating tlu'm, I am 
 indebted to a letter of Archbishop Seeker, published in the 
 "True Catholic," No. LXH., p. 80, s. s., and No. LXIH., p. 
 129, s. s.; also to Rev. Dr. Dorr's " History of Christ Church, 
 Philadelphia," p. 1 19, 120, 122, and Bishop Doane's « Sermon 
 at the Consecration of St. Mary's Church, Burlington, N. .1.," 
 Dec. 23d, 1S34, p. lo. Note *. 
 
 That Mr. Maclenachan was a man of an ardent tetn[)erament 
 is suliiciently obvious from the above sketch. His uncommon 
 
 1 
 
!:ri 
 
 
 yi i 
 
 I 1 
 
 
 254: 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 powers of pulpit oratory, testified by liis admirers and those 
 who bore witness to tlie crowds who followed him, are also 
 acknowledged in the traditions remaining of him in the town 
 of Chelsea, where he passed six years. But these; traditions 
 are unfavorable to him in other respects. The writer has been 
 assured by an aged and intelligent resident of that place, that 
 when he was a boy it was said by the old people of the town, 
 " that when Mr. Maclenachan was in the pulpit he ought 
 never to come out of it, and when he was out of the pulpit he 
 ought never to go into it." The same person also stated that 
 Mr. Maclcnaclian occasionally indulged in the excessive use 
 of ardent sj)irits. Mr. Maclenachan had been settled as the 
 colleague of Rev. Thomas Cheever. Mr. Cheever died at an 
 advanced age in less than two years after this settlement. As 
 he felt called upon in the last days of his life to join with 
 others in "a petition to the General Court that they might be 
 erected into a new Parish," * it is to be presumed that the con- 
 duct of Mr. Maclenachan, even during the early years of his 
 ministry in Chels»*a, must have been very objectionable to the 
 venerable pastor and some of his Christian brethren. We 
 know not what induced Rev. Dr. Cutler to receive Mr. Mac- 
 lenachan among his communicants. He, however, must after- 
 wards have regretted his agency in promoting the change of 
 Mr. Maclenachan's religious relations. Nor was the time of 
 experiencing this regret deferred till the troubles in Philadel- 
 phia, occasioned by him in whom he had taken such an inter- 
 est. For the Archbishop, in the letter to Mr. Maclenachan 
 whicli iuis been spoken of, states that it " hath been reported 
 that you had hired a house in Boston for a year, and that you 
 attempted to procure a settlement in Dr. Cutler's Church till 
 you were forbidden his pulpit." Mr. Maclenachan seems to 
 have deliberately deceived his patrons in England, by obtain- 
 ing from them a salary for a time in which no services were 
 rendered. Tha inlluencc of a clergyman of such a character, 
 could not have been beneficial to any congregation, and while 
 his residence on the Kennebec must have been irksome to his 
 
 *Citel»e& Town Uecords, Dec. 18th, 1749. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i' 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
NOTES. 
 
 255 
 
 pride, it may fairly bo presnincd tlirit he did little to recorn- 
 iTiend the communion, of wliicth he was a minister, 1o the peo- 
 ple of his charge, or to promote the progress of morality and 
 
 religion. 
 
 NOTE I)^ 
 
 In the following, copied f"om an Almanac for 17()4, it will 
 be seen that the usual way <;f travel in the region of the Ken- 
 nebec was as stated in the ■.?:<[. " Long Reach," there named, 
 is the present city of Bath, or, more strictly, that portion of 
 the Kennebec Rivr; which passes in front of that city. The 
 traveller could pursue his journey on land till he reached that 
 place, when, if he wished to go further, he must take a water 
 conveyance. Th(» extract will also |)rove interesting, it is 
 trusted, as enabling the reader to compare the way of travel- 
 ling into Maine a century suice with that which now exists. 
 xVt the present time a large steamboat leaves Boston for the 
 Kennebec twice every week in the summer, while ii railroad 
 conveyance is afforded twice every day to the same region. 
 
 ROAD FROM BOSTON EASTWARD. 
 
 Lynn — Norwood, 7 , Rintj, 
 
 Saloni— Pratt, J^i Falinoutli— Freeman, . . . . 
 
 Wenliam — Porter, <> New Casco— Butinan, . . . 
 
 Ipswicli— Treadwell, .... (U North Yarmouth — Mitchell, 
 
 Newbury Bridge— Hale, ... 74 " " —Woods, Coffir 
 
 Newbury— Davenport, Clioalc, . 4i Brunswick— Rnss, 
 
 IIami)tnn Falls — Sanborn, ... 7 , Thompson, . . . . 
 
 Greeulnnd— Clark, !»4 (Jeorj^otown- Springer, . . . 
 
 Portsmouth — Stoodley, Foss, . . H 
 
 Old York — bifrrahain, .... !• 
 
 Wells— Littlefield, 14 
 
 , Sturer, li 
 
 Kennebuuk — Kimball, .... 5 
 
 Arundel! — Patten, 2 
 
 Biddetbrd — Ladd, 7 
 
 Scarborough — Milliken, . . . . ti 
 
 Ijo.vg Rkach, by water, 
 
 Pownalborongh — Lovejoy, . 
 
 Fort Western, 
 
 Fort Iliihtax, 
 
 Norrid;jewalk, 
 
 (ireat Carrying I'lace, . . 
 Chaudiere, Quebec. 
 
 TO 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 8 
 7 
 G 
 10 
 4 
 8 
 
 15 
 1(> 
 17 
 27 
 
 ;{o 
 
1[ 
 
 1^ 
 
 trn 
 if 
 
 
 
 256 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 NOTE E. 
 
 Petition to the Society for Propagating the (lo.'^pcl in 
 Foreign Parts: — 
 
 "Rkvkrknd Sir: — We, the inhabitants of Frajiekfort on the 
 Kennebeck River, beg h'ave to express our acknowledgments 
 of the Society's goodness in sending a Missionary to this truly 
 necessitous place, without the assistance of whose cornjiassion 
 we and our posterity are in danger of losing all sense of religion, 
 or else of being seduced by Popish Missionaries, who not only 
 have been industrious heretofore in these parts in seducing 
 His Majesty's subjects and settlers upon this Frontier, but 
 probably upon a peace will revive their attempts. We there- 
 fore humbly pray the Society will be pleased to supply this 
 Mission now vacant by the removal of the Reverend Mr. Mc. 
 Clennachan, who indeed ofliciated among us but a little while, 
 viz., from May, 1756 to December, 1758, though we did every- 
 thing in our power to make his continuance easy. We are 
 indeed very poor, being a frontier settlement, hitherto prevented 
 from cultivating our lands to advantage by being exposed to 
 the incursions of a barbarous enemy, yet we shall continue to 
 provide for a minister to the utmost of our ability if the Ven- 
 erable Society will please to send us one. Particularly we 
 shall contribute at least as much as we have heretofore done, 
 which, including the cultivated land and estate put into our 
 former Minister's possession, was not less than twenty i^stlg. 
 per annum. W^e have a glebe of two hundred acres of good 
 land, and as soon as we enjoy the blessings of peace we prom- 
 ise to build a Church and Parsonage house, and till that happy 
 time comes we can have Richmond fort for a mansion house 
 for the Minister, and the chapel belonging to the garrison for a 
 church, and the farm round the fort for a globe, which is already 
 under cultivation and very valuable. We hear one Mr. Bailey, 
 a sober, prudent and well disposed young man, is willing to 
 undertake this Mission, and with the approbation of the Rev. 
 Clergy of Boston will proceed to England for Holy Orders, 
 
NOTES. 
 
 257 
 
 and oflbrH himself to this service. We priiy the Society will 
 favour this motion, as the gentleman, by what we can hear of 
 him, will be likely tt) continue, and perhaps spend iiis days 
 
 among us. 
 
 Humbly hoping the Society's indulgence to this t)ur rc(|ucst, 
 we beg leave to subscribe ourselves, Rev. Sir, 
 
 Your very distressed, tho' most obliged 
 
 and obedient servants, 
 
 FkaNKIORT 0\ KF.\N'KTn;CK lUVKK, } 
 
 Nov. 21, 175l». i 
 A true copy. 
 
 Timothy Wliiden. 
 
 Ills 
 MiirtinXI Haley. 
 
 mark. 
 Abraham Wyiuan. 
 Samiiol Mar.son. 
 Stf'phon INlarson. 
 Simon VVyman. 
 Elias (Micney. 
 Abner Marson. 
 SaimiL'l Hinds. 
 Mauris Wheeler. 
 
 \m 
 Mark r< Carney. 
 
 mark. 
 William Storey. 
 Abiathar Kendall. 
 Jonathan Bryant. 
 Francis Ridall. 
 Samuel Oldham. 
 
 his 
 L;innis><1 Loins, 
 mark. 
 
 his 
 Wm. >^ Moor. 
 
 mark. 
 James Goud. 
 Jaccjues Bunyon. 
 Peter Pechin. 
 Frederick Pechin. 
 (Jeorgo Pochard. 
 Christojiher Pochard. 
 
 3:J 
 
 Abraliam Pochard. 
 Adam Couch. 
 Amos Paris. 
 Jolni Paris. 
 Obadiah Call. 
 James Widdcn, Jr. 
 Lazarus Noble. 
 David Thomas. 
 
 ills 
 Joseph 'r^, McFarling-. 
 
 mark. 
 Bcnj. Noble. 
 Daniel (Joodwin. 
 James W^ynian. 
 John Henry Layer. 
 John Peter Shoul. 
 John Heron. 
 John Geor<ro Goud. 
 Charles Fsfinay Houdlet. 
 George Goud. 
 Daniel (ioud. 
 Frederick Jacqueen. 
 Lndovicus Cassimire Mayer. 
 Pliilij) Mayer. 
 George IMnyor. 
 Jolm McGown. 
 Michael Stilpiien. 
 Thomas Low. 
 John Andrews. 
 Daniel Malbone. 
 John Pocl;ard. 
 Pliilip Fought. 
 
1' ! 
 
 Ji: ' 
 
 I! I>4 
 
 'I ' 
 
 
 r 
 lit' 
 
 I 
 
 ■i 
 
 258 NOTKS. 
 
 NOTK F. 
 
 The fiiinlly of ]\Irs. Balloy were ainonj^ llic first in sot -il 
 rank in \hr. Ilicn Province; of New lliunpsliirc. Ilcr fatli(>r 
 \vas a physician, and also a colonel. At that day iirofcssioiml 
 men wen; regarded witli a dci^ree of estecMn and respect whicji 
 lias now to a i^reat extent diuiinished and military ollice brought 
 an extensive intinenco. l^esides being the daugliter of a gen- 
 tleman so favored l)y position, the family of Mrs. ])ailey. on 
 the mother's side, consisted of individuals who became exten- 
 sively known, or whose descendants performed important parts 
 in the history of their country. It is thought proper by the 
 writer to add the genealogy. He is indebted for it to .1. Win- 
 gate 'riiornton, Esi]., of ]Joston, Mass., a descendant, who has 
 prepared a very full and accurate genealogy of tin,* Wingato 
 family, which must be highly interesting to all persons of that 
 name, or who are in any way connected with that family. 
 
 JosniA WiN(i.\TE, born at Hampton, N. H., Feb. 2d, HifiO; 
 married Nov. 9th, 1702,* Mary Tamt, of Newbury, Mass. (He 
 commanded a company at the siege of Louisburg, C. B., and 
 was afterwards for several years Colonel of Hampton Regi- 
 ment of Militia. Died, Feb. 6th, 1769.) 
 
 C/ti/drcn. 
 
 1. Rev. Paine Wingate, m. Mary Balch. Harvard College 
 1759 ; afterwards U. S. Senator, and Judge of Superior Court 
 of New Hampshire. Died in 1838. 
 
 2. Sarah, m. Dr. Edmund Tappan, of Hampton, N. H. 
 
 3. Mary, m. Deacon Timothy Pickering, of Salem, Mass., 
 father of Hon. Timothy Pickering, grandfather of Plon. .John 
 Pickering, the distinguished Lexicographer and Oriental 
 scholar. 
 
 4. Joshua, m. Dorothy Frees. 
 
 5. Jane, m. Rev. Stephen Chase,f of New Castle, N. H. 
 
 * Also Coffin's History of Newbury, p. 321. 
 t Spoken of in the previous Memoir, p. 12. 
 
 Jff 
 
N T K S . 
 
 259 
 
 1). Al)ii,Mil, ni. J«)liii Stickiicy. 
 
 7. Aiiiiii, 111. Miirstoii, of I[iim|)tt)ii, N. II. 
 
 ^<. M(trl/i(i, born Marcli '.W. 1 718, ni. Dr. John Wvrks, of 
 Ilaniploii, \. H., Nov. 10, 17137. 
 
 9. Love, 111. Rev. Natliaiiicl (Jookin, of iraiiipton, N. IF. 
 
 10. Eli/abcth, in. Dr. .loliii Xcwiiian, of Newbury, Mass. 
 
 11. .loliii, born .lannary :24, 17:21-;'); liar. (.'oil. 1711; died 
 at lIaiii[)ton, \. II., Sept. 4, lsl;2, unmarried. 
 
 4 
 
 (8.) IMaktiia WiMiATi; in.l)r..IonN Wi;i;ks, Hampton, N. II. 
 
 Childrin. 
 
 1. .losliua Win^ate, m. Sarah Treadwell. Ilec-tor of St. 
 Alieliael's (.'liureli, Marbleliead, Mass., &.e. \'e. 
 '2. ('omfort, m. Dr. Collin Moore. 
 \l. Martha, m. IJenjainin Randall. 
 
 4. Mary, iii. Adon Nye. '2(\ husband — liruckett. 
 
 5. Sakaii, m. Rev. Jai'oh Uailkv. 
 C. .John, m. liraekett. 
 
 7. William, m. llaynes. 
 
 S. Ward Cotton. 
 
 9. Joanna, in. Folsoin. 
 
 10. Abigail, " dyed an infant." 
 
 i 
 
 NOTE G. 
 
 From the following letter, it would seem that one Episcopal 
 Clergyman at l(>ast i)enetrated into the remote and uncultivat- 
 ed region of the Kennebec. The season of the year when 
 this clergyman made this journey is generally so unpleasant, 
 that we are the more surprised at his undertaking. 
 
 « April 21st, 1763, ) 
 CJeor(;k Town. j| 
 
 " Rkv'u Siii: — The Rev. Mr. Jas. Dormer, from So. Caro- 
 lina, but last from Portsmouth and Casco, will call upon you 
 
 % 
 

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 (jDrporation 
 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 %'' 
 
T 
 
 
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260 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 in a few Days. A Brother Clergyman. He means upon the 
 Esfab/is/inif'uf. As the Winter has been bad, (and conse- 
 quently y"^ Journey hither, ahnost, if not Altogether Impracti- 
 cable,) lie will olliciate in his Journey at Go. Toivn, whi(!h 
 may possibly be an Alleviation to you, tkc. He will proceed 
 to pay his compliments to you, and in the Interim 
 Yr. Unknown Friend 
 
 and Brother in Christ, 
 
 Jas. Doumer. 
 " N. B. — lie produces Satisfactory Credentials to y" princi- 
 pal People here, and takes not a Farthing for Services Done. 
 " To The Rev. Mr. Bailey, at Pownal Borou^^-h.'''' 
 
 M 
 
 I: 
 
 NOTE H. 
 
 [rage 104.] 
 
 It is known that the portion of the Kennebec Valley, near 
 Mr. Bailey's residence, had, in former years, been frequented 
 more or less by Indians. The residence of the Sachem, Ken- 
 iiebis, from whom the river is supposed to have derived its 
 name, " was upon Swan Island, in a delightful situation ; and 
 that of Abbagadussett, between a river of his name and the 
 Kennebeck, upon the northern borders of Merry meeting bay." * 
 Both of these localities are within six miles of the former site 
 of the Parsonage-house in Pownalborough. In the present 
 town of Pittston, but a few miles further in another direction, 
 two old burying grounds have been discovered. The mode of 
 interring the bodies found in these places, shows conclusively 
 that they were Indians.f 
 
 These facts are mentioned as an introduction to the follow- 
 ing extract from a MS. "Geographical description and Natu- 
 ral History of the Eastern Country," written by the subject of 
 this Memoir: — 
 
 "On the Western side of the Kennebeek, about thirty-two 
 miles from its exit, there is a round hill, which rises above the 
 
 * Williamson's History of Maine, i., 467. 
 
 Ibid., 493. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 2()l 
 
 surrounding level near fifty feet perpendicular. The liill is 
 one entire pile of stonet*, covered with herbage, and several 
 stately oaks, which make a fuw appearance from the water. 
 There is some probability that it was erected by art, and what 
 conduces to confirm this opinion is that not a singh; stone is 
 to be found on the adjacent plains. It is a notetl retreat for 
 serpents and other ver'uin; and it is remarkable that two hills 
 of a similar aspect, and the same materials, may be seen in 
 Gardinerston, about three miles distant. It is conjectured 
 that these were raised by the natives in former ages, as the 
 monuments of some distinguished victory, or else were do- 
 signed to cover the bodies of some mighty heroes.'' h\ a 
 letter to Rev. Jeremy Belknap, ]). D., after having read the 1st 
 volume of American Biography by that writer, Mr. Bailey 
 says: " I had for more than twenty years been making collec- 
 tions of everything curious respecting the original inhabi- 
 tants, but in consequence of my compulsory emigralion from 
 Kennebec, I had the misfortune to lose most of my papers. « 
 * * I have observed near the river Kennebec some a|)pear- 
 ances of Indian antiquity." lie there describes tlu; hills before 
 mentioned nearly in the terms used in his IMS. " (geographical 
 description." The additional ])articulars are, that this hill was 
 "about forty rods from the river," was "nearly of a circular 
 form, and its base may occupy half an acre," and that "the 
 stones of which it is composed resemble the stones on tiie 
 beaches of the river." lie continues: "In Pownalborough, 
 half a mile from the river Kennebeck, I enclosed three acres 
 for a garden, in a situation rude, rocky, and broken, beyond 
 expression. There was, however, a spot containing about half 
 an acre, which had been cleared of stones at some distant pe- 
 riod; they had been thrown together on each side, and growing 
 in these heaps were found hemlock trees of an enormous size." 
 
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 N O T K S . 
 
 NOTE I. 
 
 J'aHl' 110.] 
 
 All expedition of eleven liniidred men under Col. IJenedict 
 Arnold had been detaelied by (Jen. Washington I'roni Ihe 
 army at Caml)ridge, Mass., to enter Canada by the way of 
 the Kcnnel)e(! and Chaudiere Rivers, ihroiigh the wilderness of 
 Maine. That detaehment in a number of small vessels entered 
 the ft)rmer river on the :20th Se|)te!nber, 177o, and the same 
 evening came to anehor oj)|)osite the; fort in Pownalborough. 
 About eight miles higher up, the transports in which tin; troops 
 came were abandoned for l)atteaux, which had been built for 
 them l)y Maj. Reuben Colbourn. Most of this army remained 
 a nuMd)er of days at Fort Western, in the present town of 
 Augusta, before commencing their fatiguing and dangerous 
 journey. Mr. Bailey's Journal for September of this year is 
 in existence. Entries are made against every day to Sunday 
 17th, inclusive, when it seems that he had a congregation of 
 72 persons. The remaining week is left blank. On Sunday, 
 24th, GO persons attended Divine Service. The following 
 week is also left blank. The Journal of the next month is as 
 full as usual. In a MS. History of the Eastern Country, Mr. 
 Bailey gives a tolerably full account of Arnold's expedition 
 after the arrival of the soldiers in Kennebec, but his statements 
 do not vary much from other narratives. As blanks are left 
 in his Journal, as above noted, on tlie days when the troops 
 were in his neighborhood, he probably absented himself from 
 his house, and his information must have been derived from 
 other persons. 
 
 In the "History" above-named, Mr. Bailey says, just before 
 giving the account of the expedition against Canada: " It was 
 not long before that party of Norridgewocks, which Colbourn 
 had allured to the army, ([uitted their station in disgust and 
 returned to Kennebeck, finding more satisfaction in ranging 
 the streams and the forests than in all the boasted freedom of 
 Congresses and Continental armies." 
 
 This conte, iporary statement confirms an account given to 
 the writer of the present Memoir some years since, by one of 
 
NOTES. 
 
 263 
 
 the oldest settlers in Kennebec. His aeeoiinl was eoMiiuuni- 
 cated to S. (J. Drake, Es(|., and is notieed in '> 'I'lif Hoo!; of 
 the Indians,"' Ei<,dith Edition, lioston: ISII. Hool* iii. p. 150. 
 
 NOTE .). 
 
 ri'aj:!- 117 •■, 
 
 " On the 7tl> of October another special conn \v;ir- convened 
 at I'ownalboro' for the trial of Tories, when Mr. .lones and 
 eight others belonging to N'assalboro*, witli >rr IJIancliard, 
 of Woolwich, were brought prisoners b«'forc ilic aliovc-iiien- 
 tioned judges. Mr. Langdon undertook to plead in favor of 
 the criinii'.als, and his character being so dislinguislicd in the 
 })resent times, the court n^adily admitted him to engage, con- 
 ceiving that so strenuous an advocate for Anierieati measures 
 could oiler nothing disagreeable to their IL)iiors. 
 
 '• But in this opinion They (piickly perceived iliemselves mis- 
 taken, for Langdon, in his applicatit)ns to TJie jury, discovered 
 an inclination to humanity and justice, for which friendly 
 exertions he received a most severe rei)rimand both from IJow- 
 man and Arnold; the former even threatened him with the 
 lawless vengeance of a niol). 
 
 " 'i"li(^ first person admitted to trial w^as oiii' Mr. liallard 
 against wdiom there appeared nothing but a fcxv words express- 
 ing his attachment to the King and goveriunent, under which 
 he was educated. The matter being debated with great 
 solemnity and illnatun* by the court, it w^as at length conunit- 
 ted to the decision of the jury, as an atl'air of the utmost 
 importance to the security and salvation of the country. 'J'he 
 jury would have presently found this harmless person guilty 
 of tri'asonable designs against the American States, and have 
 sentenced him to a perpetual expulsion from his estate, his 
 family, and his friends, had not Mr. John Patten, his brother 
 and son been more compassionate than the rest. This wn)rthy 
 man alleged that he could not, without oH'ering viohMice to 
 integrity and conscience, consent that a neighljour should be 
 sent several thousand miles into banishment for no other crime 
 than a few expressions unfavourable to our publick proceed- 
 
204 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 t )''i 
 
 I 'I 
 
 Wl 
 
 iiip^s. "Both parties wore, liowcwcr dotcriiiincd not to resign 
 llic coiilcst, l)ut inarki'd tin* altercation with mutual obstinacy 
 for twenty-two hours. h\ the eonciusion they |)resented them- 
 selves hefon^ tilt; court and desired their interpretation of this 
 (|nestion: 'Is spealving a few exceptioniii)le words eounter- 
 actiiii^ th<' stru^fii;les of the Americai-. States for freedom?' 
 
 " The jndij;es all replied that every inadvertent word, or any 
 expression that tended to censun; th" American measures was 
 certainly cotmteracting them, except Justice North, who added 
 that 'even thinking or conceiving that the ])ul)lick administra- 
 tions were unjust or injurious, was evidently a crime which de- 
 served the severe sentence; of transportation.' Such stupid and 
 ini(piitous decisions as this must excite the indignation of every 
 honest man, and ins])ire the most hearty contempt of the j)resent 
 government, and plainly evinces that it is founded in absurdity 
 
 and cruelty. These explanations of the law gave no 
 
 satisfaction to the Pattens, but rather confirmed them in their 
 opinion. The elder endeavouring to support his sentiments i)y 
 some (pu)tatioiis from the (Jospel, was silenced by a (piick 
 reply from Jus1ic(; llobly: 'Sir, W'c have nothing to do with 
 Scripture in this place, but must form our determinations 
 agreeable to the laws of the state!' The judges, perceiving 
 that they had not a jury agreeable to their designs, tlismissed 
 the court, and though J\Ir. Jones and the other prisoners had 
 been at great exj)ense they refused to admit them to trial, and 
 in conclusion, bound them over to appear on the 4th Novem- 
 ber, k(;eping them during the interval under the cruel torments 
 of anxiety and suspense. It is observable that when Justice 
 North espied the Pattens entering the court, he was heard to 
 say, ' We shall not be able to carry our point, while we have 
 such indexible men upon the jury,' and Mr. Bowman declared 
 'that these honest men shall either be persecuted by the mob, 
 or else prosecuted as enemies to their country.' The arbi- 
 trary proceedings of thesi; magistrates alarmed several consci- 
 entious people, who perceived themselves obnoxious, and some 
 to avoid their unjust and merciless tyranny, abandoned their 
 habitations and families and lied out of the country to more 
 distant parts of the Province. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 265 
 
 " Among the number we may reckon Mr. John Carlton, of 
 Woolwich, who had been cleared by an unanimous vote of 
 the town, but was pursued by a warrant from these inexorable 
 and avaricious judges. He had the good fortune to conceal 
 himself from their malicious scrutiny, till the season of perse- 
 cution was over. 
 
 " Mr. Stinson, of the same district, was pursued by the same 
 virulent combination, but arming himself to rcf^ht the ollicer 
 who attempted to break into his house with violence, his wife 
 was so terrified at the commotion that she fell in travail and 
 quickly expired. 
 
 [The account of the troubles of Rev. J. Bailey at this time, 
 is inserted in the Memoir, pj). 117-119.] 
 
 "On the seventh of November a third Tory Court was held 
 at Pownalborough, but no jury ai)pearing, the magistrates were 
 obliged to adjourn to the sixteenth of December. The town 
 of Vassalborough, in the meantime being touched with a little 
 compassion, reconsidered their votes and excluded Mr. Ballard, 
 the Moors, and the Towns from further trial, on condition of 
 their defraying all former expenses, which amounted to one 
 hundred dollars apiece. 
 
 "No evidence at all appeared against Mr. Blanchard, and, 
 when the sixteenth of December arrived, the day appointed 
 for the trial, as Justice Howard was attempting to begin his 
 journey from Fort Western, he encountered a terrible fall upon 
 the ice, by which accident he was so wounded, that his attend- 
 ance at Court was prevented, and there being no other of the 
 Quorum to supply his place, Court was adjourned without 
 day, and as the 'Transportation Act' expired on the liist of 
 January, nothing further could be attempted with respect to 
 Mr. Jones. 
 
 " In the beginning of winter our persecuting rebels were 
 engaged in another employment, which for a season engaged 
 their whole attention. Capt. Callahan, being driven away by 
 their unjust and cruel persecutions, they determined to take 
 advantage of an obscure act of the present government to 
 seize his estate. The act upon .which they proceeded was 
 expressly confined to such persons as had absconded and left 
 34 
 
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 266 
 
 NOTES, 
 
 the country in debt; but Callahan, before his departure, had 
 taken care to settle all his alFalrs, and there was not a single 
 person who had any demand upon his estate. Bowman, how- 
 ever, as Judge of Probate, proceeded to administer, having 
 first taken every method, both by himself and his creatures, to 
 irritate Mrs. Callahan. Some of the messages which were 
 sent to this worthy woman were not only highly illiberal, but 
 scandalously low, dirty and obscene. No gentleman would 
 chuse to treat a female of an infamous character in so scandal- 
 ous a manner; yet this man is considered as an eminent magis- 
 trate, and would be ofl'ended if represented otherwise than 
 really genteel and polite. But how such conduct can be recon- 
 ciled with the profession of Christianity and the knowledge of 
 letters, or the principles of humanity, I cannot conceive. Mrs. 
 Callahan was summoned into a Probate Court, where Bow- 
 man sat, swelling in gloomy solemnity, surrounded with 
 accusers and other dark and designing instruments of his in- 
 dignation. Each one, by his language and appearance had 
 divested himself of every humane and tender sentiment, their 
 
 principal concern was to display a savage roughness and , 
 
 in order to intimidate people and worry the iimocent object of 
 their depredations. 
 
 "This lady was required by the Justice to render in an ac- 
 count upon oath, of all her lands and efl'ects, but she, being 
 properly instructed by Taylor, her attorney, refused to comply, 
 upon which refusal. Bowman ordered her immediately to pris- 
 on ; she then appealed from his sentence to the Council in 
 Boston, having first procured sufficient bondsmen to prosecute 
 the appeal: but notwithstanding this security, the Judge, by 
 his sovereign authority proceeded to appoint Justice Thwing 
 to settle the estate. The latter, having received his commission, 
 took to his assistance as appraisers, Samuel Emerson, a pro- 
 fessed enemy to Capt. Callahan, Richard Kidder, a ductile 
 tool of the faction, and Philip Call, a neighbour, who had re- 
 ceived repeated favors from the obnoxious family. These men 
 entered upon there office with uncommon alacrity, and were 
 determined to exceed both, law and justice, as well as human- 
 ity, in the execution of their trust. They seized the very flax 
 
¥ 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 267 
 
 which Mrs. Callahan had raised and dressed with her own 
 hands, the fowls about the door, and even a canary l>ird and 
 tlio cage. Such a mean and unmanly littleness distinguished 
 all the proceedings of our magistrates, such a boyish and un- 
 generous spirit of revenge appeared in the whole of their con- 
 duct, as must render their memory the contempt b horrence 
 of all, who have any remainder of virtue and humanity in 
 their composition. Mrs. Callahan was so allected with their 
 barbarous treatment that she could not endure to tarry in the 
 country, and, in order that she might have it in her power to 
 obtain justice from the General Court, she, set out for Boston, 
 a journey of about one hundred and seventy miles, about 
 Christmas, the snow being very de(*p and the weather extremely 
 
 severe. 
 
 » 
 
 NOTE K. 
 
 [Pages 128 and 17H.J 
 
 A poem of some forty stanzas, on his leaving the scene of 
 his labors, was written by Mr. Bailey, probably about the 
 time when that event occurred. It gives a tolerably vivid pic- 
 ture of the scenery near his residence, and enumerates many 
 pleasing objects which owed their culture to his own industry. 
 
 1^ till 
 
 ■I!:! 
 
 A FAREWELL TO KENNEBECK, 
 Junk, 1779. 
 
 Adieu, ye fair domestick scenes 
 
 Of balmy sweets and ilowery greens 
 
 And yond' aspiring grove ; 
 Farewell, ye smiling, chearful seats, 
 Ye solitary, calm retreats 
 
 Of innocence and love. 
 
 No more your gentle beauties rise. 
 No longer to my wishing eyes 
 Their pleasing charms impart; 
 
 11 
 
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 268 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 Since doom'd in foreign lands to roam 
 Far distant from my much lov'd home, 
 With anguish at my heart. 
 
 Again my mournful song pursue, 
 These grateful objects still in view, 
 
 And every rising scene ; 
 My eye with pleasing anguish meets, 
 This artless group of blended sweets 
 
 Array'd in virgin green. 
 
 When first the blushing morn arose 
 To rouse me from the night's repose 
 
 My cares were fixed on you ; 
 With rapid haste I wandered forth 
 To mark the progress of your growth 
 
 Amidst the glittering dew. 
 
 And when the fair, declining day 
 Darted his horizontal ray 
 
 To stain the distant hills, 
 I felt the gentle vernal breeze 
 Rush in soft murmurs thro' the trees 
 
 And play along the hills. 
 
 Taught here to wonder and adore 
 The wisdom, goodness and the power 
 
 Which in these beauties shine, 
 I learned my glowing heart to raise 
 In humble gratitude and praise 
 
 To the Great Source Divine. 
 
 Adieu, to all my pleasing toil; 
 No more to smooth the rugged soil 
 
 I spend the happy hours ; 
 No more employ my hand and care 
 
NOTES. 
 
 269 
 
 Along tljo winding walk to rear 
 The tender, smiling flower. 
 
 No more for me the lovely rose 
 Her open blushing eharnis disclose, 
 Nor breathes her sweet perfume ; 
 I now renounce my boasted skill 
 To plant the snowy daffodil, 
 • Nor teach her where to bloom. 
 
 See there the humble crocus bring 
 The earliest tribute of the spring 
 
 Amidst surrounding snows ; 
 And there the columbine is seen 
 In richest robes of cheerful green 
 
 Adorn'd with various hues. 
 
 Behold that parti colour'd bed 
 
 Of pinks, their grateful odours shed 
 
 To please on every side ; 
 The spotted lily towers on high 
 And spreads her glories to the sky 
 
 In fair, majestic pride. 
 
 In yondf^r walk let us survey 
 The oi)ening tulip, proud and gay. 
 
 In naked beauty rise ; 
 Foe to the shelter of a shade, 
 She stretches her defenceless head, 
 
 Ting'd with unnumber'd dies. 
 
 See there reviving to the sense. 
 Emblem of infant innocence, 
 
 Pansies of different hue ; 
 Here maiden violets strike the sight, 
 In yellow, or the purest white, 
 
 Or dressed in heavenly blue. 
 
 ■I i 
 

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 f'i 
 
 iM 
 
 270 NOTES. 
 
 Tlien^ stuiitls the bright imrnortiil flower 
 . In clumps ulung the bending shore 
 
 Crown'd with a silver pluiiu^ 
 Amidst the biting frosts an(! snows, 
 With undiminisb'd lustre glows, 
 
 In one eternal bloom. 
 
 There pushes forward into view 
 The mighty wonder of Peru 
 
 Exulting from the ground; 
 Blossoms of scarlet, snow and gold 
 Mix'd with their gloomy leaves unfold 
 
 And spread their glories round. 
 
 Behold a plant majestic rise, 
 Erect and tow'ring to the skies, 
 
 Shaggy and rough to sense, 
 He stares with round, expanded face 
 Full on the sun's meridian rays. 
 
 Picture of impudence. 
 
 The poppies here in rich array 
 The boldest, glaring tints display 
 
 Of summer's glowing pride ; 
 The radiant aster, soft and clear, 
 The latei^t blossoms of the year, 
 
 From me their splendours hide. 
 
 Ye trees which 'round the borders stand, 
 Planted by my laborious hand. 
 
 And nurs'd with fondest care, 
 I view the swelling fruit which grows 
 In clusters on your pendant bougiis, 
 
 Delicious, rich, and rare. 
 
 But I, by stubborn fate's decree, 
 
 Am doom'd your grateful shades to flee 
 
f 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 271 
 
 rl 
 
 With sorrow most profoniul ; 
 Lo, there the hostile sons of war, 
 With fierce, indignant rage prepare 
 
 To tear you frona the ground. 
 
 Ye lofty pines that tower on high, 
 That wave and threaten in the sky, 
 
 'Till wintry storms deseenti, 
 And while the winds tremendous war 
 In all the rage of hostile power, 
 
 Before the tempest bend. 
 
 There hemlocks rear their Infty head. 
 And wide their f^haggy hranche i spread, 
 
 In gloomy j^ride abound ; 
 While from their trnnk? '. e solrmn owl, 
 Responsive to the wolves' grim hovvl, 
 
 Makes all the woods resoiuul. 
 
 With reverent awe my eyes puisne 
 That ancient oak in open view 
 
 Extending wide his artns; 
 With thunders oft thou didst engage, 
 And stood the loud, conflicting rage 
 
 Of all the northern storms. 
 
 In pensive thought I often rove 
 Thro' the tall forest and the grove, 
 
 When vernal beauties rise; 
 And when the summer's charms decay 
 I then your trembling leaves survey, 
 
 Stain'd with autumnal dies. 
 
 Teach me, ye Muses, to describe 
 The wonders of the winged tribe 
 
 And sing their power to please. 
 While music from their artless throats 
 In tender, wild harmonious notes 
 
 Mix with the whispering breeze. 
 
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 272 NOTES. 
 
 Adieu, ye plains and mossy rocks, 
 Frequented by the browsing flocks; 
 
 And yonder distant iiiils. 
 Ye fountains clear and m.irmuring floods. 
 That stream along the dusky woods, 
 
 Or fall in tinkling rills. 
 
 Ye verdant banks of Kennebeck, 
 
 Which numerous plants and flowers bedeck, 
 
 Thou great majestick stream, 
 To swell whose silent, sullen tide 
 A thousand lesser rivers glide, 
 
 No more my favorite theme. 
 
 Oft have I seen thy waters pour. 
 And with rough horrors foam and roar 
 
 Adown the precipice, 
 And with impetuous fury force 
 Along the winding shores its course 
 
 To mingle with the seas. 
 
 My throbbing heart with sorrow glows 
 And feels a multitude of woes. 
 
 When thro' yond' shady trees 
 I view that solemn House of Prayer, 
 And at tiie sight let fall a tear 
 
 My anguish to appease. 
 
 Rejoic'd to see each others face, 
 We met in this devoted place 
 
 To learn the heavenly way. 
 Till impious and insulting foes 
 With mad, envenom'd zeal arose 
 
 Their vengeance to display. 
 
 Those sturdy sons, who never fear 
 The hottest wrath of Heaven to dare. 
 Who glory in their shame, 
 
if 
 
 wr 
 
 tii 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 273 
 
 Forbid that we our hearts should raise 
 In public prayer and songs of praise 
 To the Eternal Name. 
 
 I feel a thousand anxious fears, 
 And oft bewail in silent tears 
 
 My friends' unhappy fate, 
 Involv'd in scenes of deep distress, 
 Expos'd, despairing of success, 
 
 To Whigs' revengeful hate. 
 
 In fervent strains I must implore 
 The smiles of that propitious Pow'r 
 
 Who pities human woes; 
 May He attend your plaintive grief. 
 Afford protection and relief, 
 
 And bless you with repose. 
 
 O Lord, with speedy justice rise 
 And frown upon these enemies 
 
 To virtue's sacred name, 
 But save the honest and the good, 
 And fill the sons of rage and blood 
 
 With penitence and shame. 
 
 Once more with heavy parting sighs 
 We roll around our misty eyes ; 
 
 My partner calls to mind 
 Her babes beneath the heaving ground, 
 And mourns and weeps with grief profound 
 
 To leave their dust behind. 
 
 NOTE L. 
 
 [Poge 191. j 
 
 The name of Capt. 1 .3nry Mowat is still disliked, if not 
 detested, by many, on account of his commanding the expe- 
 dition which, in Oct., 1775, reduced Falmouth, now Portland, 
 3d 
 
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 274 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 to ashes. It may be well to say, in passing, that Mr. Bailey 
 was on a visit at that place at the time it was burned, and 
 that he has left a written account of the transaction, which 
 throws a fuller light upon it than is contained in the published 
 narratives, as it relates occurrences that were either unknown 
 to, or suppressed by, those who have heretofore undertaken to 
 describe it. 
 
 Although Capt. Mowat acted upon positive orders from 
 Admiral Graves, in burning Falmouth, yet he has been con- 
 demned with as much warmth, as if he merely gratified his 
 own private antipathies. 
 
 And the historian of Maine* publishes a letter written by 
 this ollicer to the people of the place doomed to destruction, in 
 which, by italicising words, he evidently wishes the reader to 
 notice that ignorance was a characteristic of the writer as 
 well as cruelty. All this may be as has been thus represented. 
 But as an act of simple justice to the memory of Capt. Mowat 
 the following letter to Mr. Bailey, which accompanied the 
 child of the former, is here inserted. The reader mav be as- 
 sured that it is copied exactly as it was written. Reminding 
 him, that according to the usage of that time, many more words 
 began with capital letters than at present, the letter is submit- 
 ted to his perusal, that he may decide whether or not is it the 
 production of a brutal or ignorant man. 
 
 "Halifax the 11"^ Aug*. 1782. 
 "Rev". Sir, 
 
 1 have for some time been in expectation of 
 receiving Your answer to my Letter by Mr. Lovett on the 
 Subject of my Child; but having been given to understand by 
 him and other friends of yours that I may assure myself of 
 your receiving my Boy, I have at last determined to send him, 
 and I have made choice of his going by water, as I cannot 
 accompany him myself by land — a satisfaction I wished much 
 to have enjoyed, and what I have had in view for a long while, 
 but being now within a few days of leaving this for York in 
 my way for England, will prevent me the pleasure of seeing 
 
 * Williamson's History of Maine, ii. 435. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 275 
 
 you and that of delivering up my Dear Child into your care, 
 which I now do, with all the endearing and tender feelings of 
 a Father, earnestly requesting you to receive him in that light. 
 His Aunt accompanies him in the desire of seeing him safe 
 with you, and I shall leave directions with Mr. Thompson (one 
 of his Guardians) to pay you the Charge of his Yearly Board 
 and Education : every other necessary will be sent to him by 
 Miss Peak and other friends, whom you will be pleased to 
 correspond with in my absence. I have sent a Black Servant 
 of my own in order to assist you in the care of him. This man 
 has been mine for the last 8 years, and I hope he will behave 
 so as to become useful to you as weli as the child, and I have 
 laid my Commands on him to obey you the same as myself, 
 and not to do anything or move from your House without 
 your leave. Whatever Quarter my professional Duty may 
 call me will not prevent my Corresponding with you, and I 
 beg you will write often, and put your Letters under Cover to 
 Alex"". Thompson, Esq^ at Halifax, and he will forward them 
 to James Sykes, Esq"". Crutched Friars, London, where they 
 will be taken care of. The indulgence of a very tender 
 Mother and other friends over the Boy I am fearful may occa- 
 sion you and Mrs. Bailey more trouble before he forgets i^ 
 than I wish he should, but I hope in time his natural disposi- 
 tion will appear, and so far as may be comprehended from his 
 infant years I am in hopes he will not give more than what 
 may be expected. The wind coming favourable this morning 
 hurries me in hopes of the Vessels getting away. My respect- 
 ful Compliments wait on Mrs. Bailey, I present the same to 
 you and am, 
 
 Rev'd Lear Sir, 
 
 Your most obedient 
 
 Humble servant 
 
 H. Mo WAT. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rev. Mr. Baileij, Annapolis. 
 
 >» 
 
 It should be stated that the chirography of the above letter 
 is such that it would be creditable to any person. 
 
11 
 
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APPENDIX. 
 
 1 
 
 iilf 
 
 ST. JOHN'S CHURCH, POWNALBOROUGH. 
 
 Of those who may have been interested in this narrative, 
 some, doubtless, will be desirous to learn the history of St. 
 John's Parish, Pownalborough, after Mr. Bailey's departure. 
 At that time both the church and parsonage were standing. 
 It is necessary to mention this, since a somewhat different im- 
 pression has prevailed. Among other mis-statements made in 
 a newspaper article in July, 1848, is the following : '• Then 
 they" (i. e. the Whigs) "took the remedy into their own hands: 
 they demolished the church, tore down the priest's house, and 
 drove him out of town." An exploit, (which, if it ever hap- 
 pened,) would no doubt have conferred all due honor on the 
 valiant actors in it! The article continues: " He and Episco- 
 pacy never appeared there afterwards." 
 
 We will now state some of the facts in the case : — Nathan- 
 iel Bailey, brother of the subject of this Memoir, removed into 
 the parsonage house immediately after it was vacated by its 
 former tenants, in June, 1779, and remained in it nearly a year. 
 Major. Samuel Goodwin wrote to Mr. Bailey, under date of 
 Pownalborough, June 9th, 1784. This letter contained a sub- 
 scription paper, which he wished Mr. Bailey to circulate in 
 order to collect funds for the purpose to be mentioned. The 
 paper states, that " after Mr. Bailey went away some persons 
 began to take the windows out of St. John's Church, Pownal- 
 borough, and did carry one off, so we were obliged to take all 
 the rest down. The house is stripped and running to ruin. 
 
 
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 278 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 If not repaired, both church and house will be lost. "We 
 being a frontier town, arc, by the late wars, reduced so low 
 that we are not able to repair them without the charity of our 
 good friends to help us." The same person also wrote to Mr. 
 Bailey, October -'ith, 1785: " Our church is all going to pieces, 
 the roof is coming down, the rafters and beams broke with 
 heavy snows last winter. What application can we make to 
 Dr. Seabnry? I wrote to the Rev. Sam'l Parker for advice 
 last year, but no answer." Under date of .Tune 7th, 1787, 
 Major Goodwin writes: "John Sylvester (.Tohn) Gardiner 
 reads prayers and sermons on the Lord's day." 
 
 This appears to be the: last intelligence concerning Mr. Bai- 
 ley's Parish on the Kennebec during his life. It will be re- 
 membered that while he resided there, attempts had been 
 made at more than one time to establish a Congregational 
 Society in that part of the town. But iwenty-two years 
 elapsed after his departure before this measure w is ejected. 
 A meeting-house for this denomination was built a jout a mile 
 distance from the site of St. John's Church.* Their first and 
 only minister remained with them about twenty-five years, 
 and then left. The house has at various times since been oc- 
 cupied by Universalists. Previous to this, i. e., in 1794, this 
 part of the township, which was called the West Precinct of 
 Pownalborough, was incorporated into a town by the name of 
 Dresden*. The other portions were called Wiscassetl, and 
 New Milford, (till changed, in 1811, to Alma.) 
 
 Within a few years a small settlement has grown up about 
 three-fourths of a mile easterly of the spot formerly occupied 
 by St. John's Church. Near this settlement a small Methodist 
 meeting-house has been built, and a " Union meeting-house" 
 has been erected in this village. 
 
 On Whitsunday, June 11, 1848, Evening Service of the P. 
 Episcopal Church was held in the Union meeting-house spok- 
 en of by the Rt. Rev. George Burgess, D. D., who had been 
 consecrated the year previous as the "first Bishop of the Dio- 
 
 * Although this Society was incorporated in 1703, it was not till 1801 that the Con- 
 gregational Church was organized and llev. Freeman Parker was ordained. — Green- 
 kitf'i Eccl. Sketches, p. 151. 
 
I 
 
 ArrENDix. 
 
 279 
 
 cese of Maine. Arrangements were also made for the cstab- 
 lisTiment of a Sunday School under the charge of a Candidate 
 for Orders. 
 
 During the long interval which followed the last perform- 
 ance of the services of the church in this town, the territory 
 occupied by the church building, and that reclaimed from the 
 wilderness for a garden by the Rev. Mr. Bailey, had relapsed 
 almost into its primitive state. The foundations of the sacred 
 edifice are still visible, as are also the rough Hat stones* erected 
 at the graves of the old parishioners. The cellar of the par- 
 sonage is still distinctly to be seen. The company which had 
 given the land embracing the territory named, and a glebe, had 
 closed their concerns. After their right to this property had 
 been legally determined it was sold, and the income was to 
 be applied to the support of an Episcopal minister, when one 
 should be settled in Dresden, and until then to a resident 
 Congregational minister. The minister of this denomination, 
 before alluded to, enjoyed the benefit of this fund for a time. 
 On the cessation of that persuasion, the fund was left to accu- 
 mulate, ready for its originally intended use. 
 
 The new Parish of St. John's, Dresden, was organized in the 
 presence of the Bishop of the Diocese, January 26th, 1849, and 
 admitted into the Union with the Convention of Maine at its 
 next session. Rev. Edwin W. Murray was appointed Mis- 
 sionary to this Parish, and entered upon his labors in October 
 of the year last named. 
 
 In 1850 the ladies of Christ Church, Gardiner, presented to 
 St. John's Church a set of Communion Plate, an^l a handsome 
 Bible and Prayer Books for the desk. 
 
 Rev. Mr. Murray resigned the Rectorship of the Parish in 
 1850, and his place was supplied by Rev. W. H. C. Robertson. 
 After an absence of two years Mr. Murray returned, and is now 
 engaged in this, his first field of labor. 
 
 On the 17th of November, 1852, the " Union meeting-house," 
 before spoken of, w^as consecrated to the worship of God, 
 
 
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 * The grave of one of the last Vestrymen of St. John's ha^ white marble grave 
 stones. One of them is inscribed as follows : Mr. George Goud, died May 18, 182G, 
 
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 280 
 
 APTENDIX. 
 
 according to the rites and usages of the Protestant Episcopal 
 Church. On this occasion the Bishop of tiie Diocese preach- 
 ed from 1 Kings xviii. 30: "And he repaired the altar of the 
 Lord that was broken down." 
 
 CHURCH AT GEORGETOWN. 
 
 "The town of Georgetown was incorporated in 1718, and 
 then included all the territory within the present limits of 
 Bath, Woolwich and Phipsburg."* Fort St. George, erected 
 by the colony of 1607, was in the present town of Phipsburg. 
 That fort contained a church. Thus it will follow that the 
 Episcopal Church, which was formed in the last century 
 within the bounds of ancient Georgetown, as above described, 
 may be considered as the legitimate successor of the first 
 Protestant congregation which ever existed in the Northern 
 United States. 
 
 The notices of this Church, scattered throughout the fore- 
 going Biography, and the sketches of the Rev. Messrs. MacClen- 
 nachan and Wheeler, in the Notes, contain nearly all the infor- 
 mation that it has been possible to gather of the condition of 
 this Parish up to the time of the Rev. Mr. Bailey's leaving the 
 country. The following is the only report that Mr. Wheeler is 
 known to have sent to England : — 
 
 " The Rev. Mr. Wheeler, in his letter of Nov. 20th, 1769, 
 acquaints the Society that his Parish extends near twenty 
 miles westward and twelve miles eastward. That there arc 
 about 200 families ; some Presbyterians, some Independents, 
 and some Papists. His people have erected the frame of a 
 church since his coming; he has statedly preached twice on 
 Sundays, besides giving lectures on week days, and has bap- 
 tized twenty-eight children." 
 
 The mention of the church building in the above extract 
 reminds us to speak of its locality. The Kennebec River runs 
 in a very direct course by the present city of Bath. This fea- 
 
 * Maine Historical Collections, ii. 202. 
 
:i f 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 281 
 
 turo of the river at this place caused the territory on Its banks 
 to be called by the early settlers Long Reach. At some dis- 
 tance below the city the Kennebec turns suddenly at right 
 angles, and then quickly resumes its previous southerly course. 
 It was at this |)oint that the church spoken of was erected. 
 
 The family of the Lithgows, some of whom were conspicu- 
 ous ill the colonial times in this part of the Province, erected, 
 in 176G, a spacious and what was then, doubtless, considered 
 to be an elegant mansion very near the church.* Some years 
 since the house and farm |)assed into other hands. When the 
 present proprietors took possession of their property the church 
 was standing. They describe the church as " a low building, 
 with a double lloor, but no marks of j)ews upon it. The only 
 ornament was a simple beading upon the tie beams." The 
 churchyard has been ploughed uj), and barns and barnyards 
 occupy its place. The church itself was used as a barn, till a 
 portion of it having blown down and killed a valuable animal, 
 the remainder of the building was demolished. The sacred 
 edifice was situated but a few rods from the river, some dis- 
 tance from any settlement. This fact shows that in the ab- 
 sence of any county roads, the river was the highway of the 
 inhabitants, and the small boat their usual means of travelling. 
 Tradition still commemorates the pious life and conversation 
 of a lady of the Drummond family, who was baptized in this 
 church, and who has but recently deceased. 
 
 Within three miles of the site of this church, and in the city of 
 Bath, an Episcopal congregation has been gathered, which has 
 attained to a considerable degree of strength and prosperity, and 
 now occupies a church building, which was consecrated January 
 19th, 1>^'j3. It is to be hoped that it may prove to be the con- 
 tinuation of the former Church in Georgetown, as the new 
 parish in Dresden is the resuscitation of St. John's Church, 
 Pownalborough. Should this be so, the ante Revolutionary 
 churchef; in Maine, will, after a long interval, again exist, con- 
 ferring their blessings upon some of the descendants of these 
 who formerly worshipped in the words of the same liturgy. 
 
 * Uev. Mr. '.Vheeler resided for a while in the Lithgow house, as appears from one 
 of his I'.-tteis to III ?. Jacob Bailey. 
 
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 282 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, PORTLAND. 
 
 All tlio information which the present writer has of the 
 early history of Episcopacy in the above place, is derived 
 from a daily Journal, kept by Rev. Thomas Smith, Pastor of 
 the First Congregational Society of Falmouth, which was the 
 ante Revolutionary name of a township, part of which now 
 forms the city of Portland. His Journal, with the very full 
 Notes of William Willis, Esq., in his edition, 1849, have fur- 
 nished most of the material for the following account. 
 
 In the summer of 1751, (iovernor Shirley, accompanied by 
 several persons of distinction, embarked at Boston in the 
 Province frigate Massachusetts, for the purpose of meeting the 
 Norridgewock Indians at Falmouth, and forming a treaty 
 with them. Rev. Charles Brockwell was then Assistant Minis- 
 ter of King's Chapel, Boston, a Church in which Gov. Shirley 
 was a worshipper. Mr. Brockwell was probably in the company 
 which attended the Governor. The Journal before spoken of 
 contains the following: — 
 
 ^^ June 26, 1754. The Governor got in this morning. 
 
 *''■ June 30. (Sunday.) Parson Brockwell preached here, 
 A. M., and carried on in the Church form. 
 
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 ^^July 14. Mr. Brockwell preached." 
 
 More than nine years passed away and no further notice of 
 the Episcopal Church is to be found. 
 
 Nov. 4th, 1763, forty-one persons entered into a written 
 agreement to procure a lot of land and to build "a meeting- 
 house for Divine Service." In Jufi/, of the following year, an 
 increased number expressed, in writing, under their hands, 
 their desire " that the worship to be carried on in said house 
 should be agreeable to the laws of Great Britain." 
 
 "/m/// 23, 1764. The new meeting men had a meeting and 
 declared for the Church. They have been in a sad toss since 
 the Parish meeting, and made great uproar, getting to sign 
 for the Church. They began to frame the house. 
 
 " Aug: 31. There is a sad uproar about Wiswell, who has 
 
ArrENDix. 
 
 283 
 
 declared for the Churcli, and accepted, (a day or two Hince,) 
 of a call oar Churchmen have given him to be their minister. 
 
 ^^ Sept. 2. [Sunday.) A great day tiii.s. Mr. Hooper* 
 preached to our new Church people, and baptized .several 
 children. 
 
 " Sei)t. 2(1. The corner stone of the Ciinrch was laid by 
 the Wardens, who, with their ofFieers, were chosen lo-diiy. 
 
 " St'jd. 9. Mr. Wiswell preached in the Town House. 
 
 " Sept. 30. Mr. Wiswell {reached in the Court House to- 
 day to a small company. 
 
 " Oct. S. Mr. Wiswell sailed in the Mast ship, Capt. Haggett," 
 (to England,) for Episcopal Ordination. 
 
 Mr. Wiswell returned from England and commenced his 
 labors in St. Paul's Parish. In the conflagration of the town 
 in 1775, by Capt. Mowat, the church was burned and the min- 
 ister left. The services of Mr. Parker, as lay reader, were 
 engaged in 1785 and continued for about two years. Mr. 
 Thomas Oxnard succeeded, and officiated in a similar capaci- 
 ty for the next five years. After him Mr. Joseph Hooper 
 acted as lay reader for about a year. These services were 
 held in hired rooms till 1787, when a wooden church was l)uilt. 
 
 After the discontinuance of Mr. Hooper's services, there 
 were no regular exercises until 1797, when Rev. Jose|i!i War- 
 ren took charge of the Parish and remained till 1800. Rev. 
 Timothy Hilliard succeeded him the next year and continued 
 as minister till 1809. 
 
 During the incumbency of Mr. Hilliard, in 1803, the wooden 
 church was abandoned for one built of brick. After Mr. 
 Hilliard's resignation, there were occasional services, only, for 
 some years. Rev. G. W. Olney officiated during the summer 
 of 1817. Rev. P. S. Tenbroeck was instituted in 1818, and 
 was Rector for the succeeding thirteen years. He was fol- 
 lowed, after two years intermission, by Rev. G. W. Chapman, 
 D. D., who left in 1835. 
 
 Rev. A. H. Vinton was Rector a few months till about 
 
 * Rev. William Hooper, of Trinity Church, Boston, who Mr. Smith says, Aug, 
 0, " came here yesterday." 
 
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 284 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Easter, 1830. Kev. Thomas M. Clark odiciatcd during the 
 Bumnn'r of that year and was succeeded by Rev. .lohn N. 
 French, who continued during the n«'xt three years. In 1S39, 
 St. Paul's Parish having become embarrassed, Bt. Stephen's 
 Parish was Ibrmcd. The property of tlie former was purchased 
 by the latter society. Rev. James Pratt became Rector in 
 1840. 
 
 In IH'*)!, a second Parish was organized in Porthmd under 
 the name of St. Luke's, of which Rt. Rev. Horatio Southgate, 
 D. D., was the lirst Rector. 
 
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 CHRIST CHURCH, GARDINER. 
 
 To Dr. Sylvester Gardiner this Church is indebted for its 
 origin and liberal patronage. He erected, at his own exj)ense, 
 a church and parsonage in 1772, which was dedicated by Rev. 
 Jacob Bailey, August 16th, of that year. The church had a 
 spire, but was unfmished at the time of the American Revolu- 
 tion. It would seem that it also was furnished with a bell, 
 for at the Easter meeting, in 1773, of King's Chapel, Boston, 
 it was voted " that the old bell, with the Appurtenances 
 be given to the Saint Ann's Church, Gardinerston."* In 
 1793 a Parish was incorporated by the name of the Epis- 
 copal Society, in Pittston, that name having been previously 
 given to the town which had been incorporated, embra- 
 cing lands on both sides of the Kennebec River. As soon 
 as the Parish was incorporated the executors of Dr. (lardiner 
 proceeded to complete the church edifice, and the Rev. Joseph 
 Warren was chosen Rector. The church, yet incomplete, 
 was burned by an insane person. Another edifice took its 
 place shortly after, which, though only partly finished, was oc- 
 cupied for public worship. Rev. Mr. Warren left in 1796, and 
 he was succeeded by Rev. Mr. Bowers. Mr. Bowers removed 
 to Marblehead in 1802. In the summer of that year Mr. N. B. 
 Crocker read prayers three months. In 1803 that part of 
 
 ♦Greenwood's History of King's Chapel, p. 132. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 285 
 
 Pittston lying on the west side of the Kcimeljce River was 
 iiieorporated into a new lown by the name of (Jartliner. Rev. 
 Samuel Haskell, Rector of Christ Church, Hoslon, became 
 Rector of this Parish in JH03, and left in IHOl). The church 
 was closed for ihe following year, when it was opened under 
 the ministrations of Mr. Aaron Humphrey, a Methodist min- 
 ister, who more than a year afterwards was admitted to Ht»ly 
 Orders. Mr. Humphrey left in 181 1. Rev. Mr. Leonard, of 
 Vermont, ofliciated in the latter part of 1HI.'>. Rev. (J. W. 
 Olney became Rector in October, 1817. His popularity was 
 so great that a larger church building was retpiired in a short 
 time. About this time an act was obtained changing the 
 name of the Parish to Christ Church, (Jardiner. 
 
 Me new and elegant structure, l)uilt of stone, was* conse- 
 era. ..d October I9rh, 18:i(). Its cost was rising $14,000, and the 
 land occupied by it was given to the Parish. Mr. Olney re- 
 signed the Rectorslii|) in the s|)ring of 1820, and was succeeded, • 
 temporarily, by Rev. 13. C C. Parker, who was followed by 
 Rev. E. M. P. Wells. In the autumn of 1827, Mr. Wells re- 
 signed the Parish, and lay reading was again resorted to for a 
 short time. The Rev. T. S. W. Mott olliciated for a few 
 weeks in the latter part of this year, l)ut on account of ill 
 health he withdrew to the; south. The Rev. William Horton 
 was minister during the winter, and in the spring, Rev. N. M. 
 Jones olliciated for a few weeks. In September, 1828, Rev. 
 Mr. Mott was instituted as Rector of the Parish, but his health 
 was such that he returned again to the south, having olliciated 
 but one Sunday. Rev. Lot Jones was engaged to supply Rev. 
 Mr. Mott's place during his absence. Mr. Jones left in May, 
 and was immediately succeeded by Rev. Isaac Peck. Mr. 
 Mott having resigned the Parish, Mr. Peck was chosen Rector 
 in April, 1830. In October of the following year Mr. Peck re- 
 signed his Rectorship. In the spring of 1831, Rev. Joel Clap 
 took charge of the Parish, and held it nine years, when he re- 
 moved from the State. Rev. William R. Babcock entered 
 upon his duties as Rector in October, 1840. He resigned his 
 office in 1847, and was succeeded by Rt. Rev. George Burgess, 
 D. D., first Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the 
 Diocese of Maine. 
 
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 286 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 KITTERY. 
 
 A church building was erected in that part of Kittery now 
 called Elliot, near the banks of the Piscataqua, and about 
 six miles from Portsmouth. Rev. Arthur Brown, Rector of 
 Queen's Chapel, in the last named place, occasionally offici- 
 ated in this church, and reported to the Venerable Society that 
 in Kittery there were fifteen communicants of the Church of 
 England. For many years Mt. Brown received from the Ven- 
 erable Society .£15 sterling per annum for officiating at Kit- 
 tery, in addition to <£60 sterling, his stipend as Missionary at 
 Portsmouth. Mr. Brown died in 1773. 
 
 The " New England Historical and Genealogical Reg'ster," 
 contains (vol. iv. p. 38) the following article : — 
 
 " The following is the inscription upon the tomb-stone of 
 the Minister of the Episcopal Church in Kittery, near Elliot, 
 which Church, it is supposed, became extinct at the time of 
 his death. The grave is in a fieiu belonging to Mr. Fernald. 
 
 "'Here Lyes Buried the Body of the Rev'd Mr. John Eve- 
 leth, who departed this Life Aug. 1st Anno: Dom : 1734, aged 
 65 years.' 
 
 " Epitaphs from South Berwick, &c., communicated for the 
 Register, by Mr. John S. H. Fogg, of South Berwick, Me." 
 
 Mr. Eveleth was not a clergyman of the Episcopal Church. 
 The following is stated on the authority of Rev. Joseph B. 
 Felt, Librarian of the Massachusetts Historical Society : — 
 
 " Rev. John Eveleth was the son of Joseph Eveleth, who 
 belonged to Ipswich, Mass. He was graduated at Harvard 
 College in 1689, preached as a Congregational minister at 
 Manchester, Mass.; was ordained in that denomination at 
 Stow in 1700, dismissed in 1717, settled at Kennebunk Port, 
 dismissed 1729, and was at the latter place 1782." 
 
 The compiler of the present Memoir would not have in- 
 serted this Note were it not that a tradition is current in the 
 neighborhood of Mr. Eveleth's burying place, similar to the 
 statement furnished to the N. E. Historical and Genealogical 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 287 
 
 Register, 
 
 As the article copied from the Register may tend 
 to extend and perpetuate an erroneous idea, it seemed desira- 
 ble to correct it in a work treating of the Ecclesiastical 
 History of Maine. 
 
 PROSPECT. 
 
 Williamson says,* in speaking of the town of Prospect: f 
 " Before the war of the Revolution, Thomas Goldthwait and 
 Francis Bernard, son of the Governor, took from the Waldo 
 proprietors a grant of 2,700 acres, near the southerly part of the 
 town ; in consideration of which, they engaged to settle thirty 
 families and an Episcopal minister, and to build a church. 
 They did, indeed, rear a small brick chapel, and attempt a set- 
 tlement; but being Tories, they, in the war, left their country 
 and forfeited their property. The plantation continued, and 
 in 1784 there were in Prospect twenty-four families."' 
 
 REV. WILLIAM W. WHEELER, MISSIONARY AT 
 
 GEORGETOWN. 
 
 The subject of the following notice was the son of William 
 Wheeler, and was born at Concord, Mass., Dec. 24th, 1734. He 
 WEft a classmate of Rev. Jacob Bailey. In Mr. Bailey's Journals, 
 during the time he was in college, mention is made of a visit 
 he paid to Mr. Wheeler's family. This and subsequent notices 
 show that the father of this gentlen.an was possessed of a 
 large farm in Concord, and one of his daughters is described 
 as a young lady of talent, and considerable literary attainment. 
 
 On the 18th November, 1765, Mr. Bailey wrote to Rev. Mr. 
 Caner, minister of King's Chapel, Boston, as follows: " Since 
 the Society have determined to send a Missionary to George- 
 town, I would intreat you to look out for some suitable gentle- 
 
 
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 * History of Maine, Vol. ii., p. 5Go. 
 
 + Pr>-spcct is on the Penobscot RiTcr, near its mouth. 
 
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 288 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 man, that we may recommend for Orders as soon as possible. 
 I have wrote to one Mr. Wheeler of Concord, a classmate of 
 mine, who several years ago was inclined to the Church. He 
 sustains a good character, and it is probable, he will soon wait 
 upon you for directions." 
 
 From a letter from Mr. Wheeler, dated Concord, Dec. 5th, 
 1765, the following is taken. After expressing his friendly 
 sentiments towards the Church of England, he says "I am 
 constrained to return this answer, viz.: that if the proposals 
 you mention are strictly and absolutely complied with, viz.: 
 if the people of Georgetown will enter into bonds to furnish 
 the Missionary with £20 sterling per annum, and a dwell- 
 ing-house, (fcc, beside the ,£50 sterling granted by the Soci- 
 ety, I say, I \\ill accept of it, and am willing to go for 
 Ordination as soon as opportunity permits." A letter from 
 Mr. Wheeler, Concord, May 17th, 17G6, a-knowledges the 
 receipt of letters from Rev. Jacob Bailey, since the date of the 
 letter just quoted. Mr. Wheeler assigns indisposition as the 
 cause of his not before Avriting or visiting Kennebec. He 
 says: ••! have waited upon the Rev. Dr. Caner, (for such he is 
 now,) and Dr. Gardiner, and find them both very friendly and 
 kind, and much of gentlemen. Since I received your last, I 
 have received a kind invitation to the westward, to Marlboro' 
 and Hopkinton, of the same nature as your's, by a letter from 
 a gentleman there, and he begs that I would see him before I 
 come to the eastward." From a letter from Mr. Wheeler in 
 November of this year, it would se-^m that he had had an inter- 
 view with Mr. Butler, one of the principal Cluurhmen at 
 Georgetown, and that probably an arrangement would be 
 made for his going to that place. Mr. Wheeler says; "I am 
 at present engaged to officiate at the Church in Cambridge. 
 They have a minister appointed, Mr. Sergeant, but he is not 
 expected until spring." Mr. Wheeler writes to Mr. Cailey 
 from Boston, Aug. 5th, 1767: " The Society has been so good 
 as to grant me £20 sterling for my services at Cambridge, 
 besides what the people gave me, which is very kind and 
 unexpected to me." 
 
 Mr. Wheeler was recommended to the Society by the clergy 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 289 
 
 n 
 
 in Convention assembled in Boston, Juno 17, 1767. The Rev. 
 Secretary of the Venerable Society adds a postscript to his 
 letter of Dec. 1767, in which he says: " Mr. Wheeler is arrived 
 and will be ordained for Georgetown very soon." He returned 
 from England, having received Holy Orders there, and arrived 
 in Boston, in the ship Boscavven, Capt. Jacobson, in May, 
 1768. 
 
 Mr. Wheeler left Georgetown in April, 1772, for Newport, 
 R. I. where he had been engaged to assist Rev. Mr. Bisset, 
 Rector of Trinity Church in that town. In a letter dated 
 Sept. 8th, 1779, in which he gives an account of the situation 
 of some of his brother clergy, Mr. Bailey says: "I forgot to 
 mention Mr. Wheeler, who is neither Whig nor Tory, but so 
 terrified with both as to retire from human society. He lives 
 like an hermit, and employs his time in making butter and 
 cheese." Mr. Wheeler was unanimously chosen Rector of 
 St. Andrew's Church, Scituate, and Trinity Church, Marsh- 
 field, May loth, 1783. Rev. Samuel Parker, D. D., wrote from 
 Boston, Nov. 22d, 1788: « Mr. Wheeler is and has been for 
 some years past, preaching in rotation at Scituate, Marshfield, 
 Bridgewater and Braintree, and has lately married a daughter 
 of Rev. Mr. Thompson, of Scituate. He is so much in Free- 
 man's plan that he would not join his brethren in this State in 
 protesting against Freeman's ordination." In the Journal of 
 Massachusetts Convention for 1790^ Mr. Wheeler is designated 
 as Rector of St. Thomas's Church, Taunton, in addition to the 
 Churches before named. 
 
 Mr. Wheeler died at Scituate, January 14th, 1810, aged 75 
 years. 
 
 The present writer has no means of forming an estimate of 
 his character. Soon after his death an obituary notice appeared 
 in one of the Boston newspapers. This notice is devoted 
 mainly to praising his political principles, and if the writer's 
 ignorance of the cliaracter of Mr. Wheeler is to be measured 
 by his ignorance of some of the leading facts in the clerical 
 life of the subject of his sketch, but little reliance can be 
 placed upon this obituary notice. 
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 ATPENDIX. 
 
 SILVESTER GARDINER, M. D. 
 
 The important part that this gentleman took in promoting 
 the interests of the Episcopal Church in Maine, before the 
 Revolution entitles him to a more particular mention than is 
 made in the text. 
 
 Among the families of note Avho settled Boston Neck, now 
 in the town of Kingston, R. I., was the Gardiner family. 
 William, a grandson of the original settler of that name, was 
 born in 1071. The fourth of his seven children, who was born 
 in 1707, is the subject of this notice. The marriage of his 
 sister, Hannah, with the Rev. James McSparran, (afterwards 
 D. D.,) had a great influence on his future life. 
 
 Mr. McSparran, perceiving the abilities and tastes of his 
 brother-in-law, persuaded his father to give him a liberal educa- 
 tion. It having been settled that the expenses necessary to this 
 should be deducted from Silvester's share of the paternal 
 estate, he was sent to school in Boston, and afterwards in- 
 structed by Mr. McSparran. He decided upon the practice of 
 medicine as his future profession. 
 
 At that time great difficulties lay in the way of medical 
 students. No hospitals nor schools of medicine existed in 
 America, public prejudice forbad dissections, and the law laid 
 heavy penalties on any one who should seek to acquire the 
 knowledge of Anatomy in the only proper way. No alterna- 
 tive presented itself to the ambitious student of the healing 
 art, but to avail himself of those facilities in Europe, which 
 were denied him in his own country. Silvester passed eight 
 years in London and Paris, principally in the latter city, and 
 acquired an amount and kind of medical knowledge which 
 at that time were perhaps in possession of but few in his 
 native country. 
 
 His religious principles, early inculcated, carried him safely 
 through the licentiousness of French society, always great, 
 but more so at the time of his residence in Paris, which was 
 in the early part of the reign of Louis XV., soon after the re- 
 gency of the Duke of Orleans. The open profligacy that he 
 
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APPENDIX. 
 
 291 
 
 had witnessed in France, gave him such a dislike to the na- 
 tion, that in after life he would not consent that his children 
 should be instructed in the French language, lest their minds 
 should be corrupted by the literature of that country. 
 
 Upon his return he married Anne, daughter of Dr. Gibbons, 
 a wealthy physician of Boston, and was soon engaged in that 
 place in an extensive and lucrative practice. He also lectured 
 on Anatomy, illustrating his lectures by preparations he had 
 brought from Europe. He opened in Boston a large estab- 
 lishment for the sale and importation of drugs. By these 
 means he acquired an immense estate. 
 
 Having become one of the proprietors of the Kennebec pur- 
 chase, covering a tract of land from Bath to Norridgewock, 
 some fifty miles in length, and extending fifteen miles on 
 each side of the Kennebec River, he directed his energies 
 to the improvement of that wilderness country. Almost the 
 entire management of the affairs of the company was commit- 
 ted to him. He managed the trust with great energy and 
 judgment, and at his own personal expense built houses and 
 cleared farms which he well stocked, at the Chops of Merry- 
 meeting Bay and Lynd's Island, Pittston, Winslow, and Pow- 
 nalborough, at the latter of which places he built mills. The 
 tract of land near the Cobbosee Contee River, was obtained 
 by him of his associates, and he labored and expended much 
 to bring it forward. He built houses, dams, and mills, at thia 
 place, now the city of Gardiner; introduced many settlers 
 and advanced them means necessary to their establishment, 
 amounting in the aggregate to a large sum, most of which 
 was never repaid him. 
 
 He built a church and parsonage at Gardine: ton, (as it 
 was then called,) in 1772, but was interrupted in his benevo- 
 lent labors by the political troubles of the time, and was 
 obliged to leave the church uncompleted. He was one of the 
 most active and efficient persons in building King's Chapel, 
 Boston, and contributed largely to its erection, and was for 
 many years one of its wardens. 
 
 Dr. Gardiner left Boston with the British army, when that 
 town was evacuated. His property was all confiscated, but 
 
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 292 
 
 ArrENDix. 
 
 owiiif^ to somo logul informality the confiseatlon did not hold, 
 and his estate descended to his heirs. 
 
 Dr. Gardiner died at Newport, An<^nst, 178(), in th(! SOth 
 year of his age; the citi/ens, at his funeral, bestowing those 
 marks of respect which evidenced their high estimation of his 
 character. His remains were deposited under Trinity Church, 
 in that place, and a luonnment, (with a Ti, >in inscription, l)y 
 his grandson. Rev. Dr. Gardiner, former Rector of Trinity 
 Church, Boston,) has been erected to his memory in Christ 
 Church, Gardiner, Maine. His agency in inlluencing Mr. 
 Railey to visit London to receive Holy Orders has been al- 
 ready named in the Memoir. To him it was owing that an 
 Episcopal Missionary was sent to Pownalborough, a glebe 
 given in that town, and a church and parsonage erected 
 thereon. His building a church and parsonage at Gardiner, 
 at his own expense, has been already mentioned. To that 
 Parish he gave a glebe lot, which now yields a handsome in- 
 come yearly. The cliurch, not being completed at his decease, 
 he directed in his will that it should be finished by his execu- 
 tors, and the expense charged to his estate, and he endowed it 
 with a legacy of X28 sterling per annum, to be paid forever to 
 the Rector. Says one, who knew him well : " But his piety 
 was not shown only in these public acts. His family was the 
 well ordered family of a Christian, from whose altar the morn- 
 ing and evening sacrifice of praise and thanksgiving regularly 
 ascended. Believing the observances enjoined by the Church 
 to be eminently calculated to afTord spiritual sustenance to the 
 soul, and to keep alive the spirit of piety, he strictly observed 
 all its ordinances, its Festivals and Fasts, and on the greater 
 Fasts spent the whole day, excepting what was occupied by 
 family and public worship, in the retirement of his closet. 
 During the latter years of his life, secluded from business, he 
 spent much of his time in religious contemplation, and com- 
 piled a book of devotion, evidencing not only sterling piety 
 and sincerity of purpose, but bearing the impress of a heart 
 truly and deeply warmed with the love of Christ, and filled 
 with that fervency of devotion which can only be the fruit of 
 man's deep sense of his need of a Redeemer. He had a large 
 
A rr EN I) IX. 
 
 293 
 
 edition of tlii3 book printed at his own expense, and which he 
 des<ip;ned for gratuitous distribution." 
 
 A higlily esteemed and respected friend has had the oppor- 
 tunity of j)erusing the little; book above-named, whi(;h is en- 
 titled " A Daily C'ompanion to the Closet;" a compilation of 
 prayers, with a few hymns and practical dissertations; "the 
 whole collected and eompihul from the Common Prayer, and 
 from some of the most pious writers. IJy a Layman. Lon- 
 don : Printed for the Author; 178o." The friend alluded to 
 expresses his high gratification at the perusal of this volume, 
 as evidently the production of one of earnest, habitual prayer, 
 and exercised with the deep convictions and sanctified desires 
 of private, personal religion. 
 
 The Episcopal Church in INIaine is under great obligations 
 to Dr. Silvester Gardiner, for the warm interest he manifested 
 in her, and the sacrifices and exertions he made in her behalf 
 in the days of her weakness. It is very pleasant to know that 
 he was deeply imbued with the spirit of the Gospel. The; in- 
 scription on his moimment, before named, fails to do him jus- 
 tice in this particular, and the writer of this sket(!li delights to 
 have it in his power to be enabled to convey, however feebly, 
 a more true picture of his religious character. 
 
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 294 
 
 ArrENDix. 
 
 Pt 
 
 ? i 
 
 Contribution to the list of Three Ilundrod Ministers, of the 
 dirt'erent denominations, who have entered the; ministry of 
 the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Uni*^ed States:— 
 
 Rt. Rev. Edward Bass, of Newburyport, Mass. 
 
 See Biographical Sketch. 
 
 Rev. William McCLENNAxnAN. 
 
 Note D to the foregoing Memoir. 
 
 Rev. Jacob Bailuv. 
 
 See foregoing Memoir. 
 
 Rev. William W. Wheeleh. 
 
 Rev. John Wiswall. 
 
 Willis Smithes Jovrnal, p. 150, Note 1. 
 
 Rev. John Ruggles Cottino, of Waldoborough, Me. 
 In 1812 " he changed his sentiments, and became an Epis- 
 copalian." 
 
 Greenleafs Ecclesiastical Sketches, p. 175. 
 
 Rev. William Clarke, Rector of St. Paul's Church, Ded- 
 ham, Mass. 
 
 Authority : Rev. S. B. Bahcock^s Letter, -A^ug. 9, 1851. 
 
 Rev. Joshua Wingate Weeks, Rector of St. Michael's 
 Church, Marblehead, Mass. 
 
 See Biographical Sketch. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 295 
 
 1 1 
 it 
 
 ABSTRACT OF SERMONS. 
 
 The compiler of this Memoir, feeling desirous of forming a 
 corre(!t estimate of Mr. JJailey's literary (|nalifieiitions and 
 religions view s, made a carefnl abstract of most of his sermons 
 wiiieli came into his possession. lit; had written on the ab- 
 stract the words: The follovHn^ is not intended for pithlica- 
 tion. But a friend, well qualified to advise in such matters, 
 wished him to strike out the words above-named and hand the 
 abstract, with other "copy," to the printer. My clerical breth- 
 ren can appreciate the labor necessary to make an analysis of 
 such a large number of sermons, many of them imi)erfect, and 
 some not easy to be deciphered; and if an error in judgment 
 has been committed, they will, it is believed, pardon it, in 
 
 consideration of the nature of the task which I imposed upon 
 myself. 
 
 St. Lttke xxii. 44. On the sullerings of Christ. J 759. 
 A quotation is made in this discourse from "an An- oiouoester'" 
 cient Father, on the wide extent of the eilicacy of 'i"'* ^'JP^, 
 
 ' ^ •' Ann Harbor,. 
 
 Christ's sutferings." The divinity of Clirist and his Mmch and 
 equality with the Father, are emphatically set forth No. i. 
 in this sermon. [This discourse is numbered eight 
 by Mr. Bailey.] 
 
 1 Chronicles xxviii. 9. [Imperfect.] 
 
 Hcbrcu's ix. 26. Christ's sacrifice. 
 
 Hampton, 
 Falls, J'e 3d. 
 No. 2. 
 
 No. 3, 
 
 4 
 
 Psa/ms i. Exposition of this Psalm. [Imperfect.] No. 4. 
 
 Imperfect. This MS. contains also a list of books 1760. 
 distributed by order of Venerable Society, sundry ^°- ^• 
 baptisms, and memos, of the sickness of Mr. Bailey. 
 
 The greater part of a Thanksgiving Sermon : " this 1761. 
 is the first opportunity that ever presented of having Dec"r*3d'^'" 
 a Thanksgiving celebrated in this place." Attacks No. 6. 
 
I 
 
 296 
 
 
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 1762. 
 
 ankfort, 
 e comber. 
 No. 6a. 
 
 Frankfort, 
 August 29 th, 
 No. 66. 
 
 1763. 
 
 Frankfort, 
 July 16th. 
 
 No. 7. 
 
 No. 8. 
 
 Frankfort, 
 June 10th. 
 
 No. 9. 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 by Indians. " These events, we all know, have fre- 
 quently happened in this country till the present and 
 the year past." 
 
 Psalm cxvii. 1st and part of 2d verse. A Thanks- 
 giving Sermon. I. Consider the various instances 
 of Divine goodness : 1. In continuing the life and 
 prosperity of our Sovereign ; 2. In the preservation 
 of the Queen and the birth of a Prince ; 3. Contin- 
 uance of our civil and religious liberties ; 4. In suc- 
 cess of our armies, both by sea and land, e. g: con- 
 quest of Havana, expulsion of the French from New 
 Foundland, the capture of several ships of war from 
 the French and Spaniards; 5. The prospect of an 
 honorable and lasting peace. 
 
 Psalm viii. Exposition of this Psalm. 
 
 Proverbs x. 19. Sins of the tongue. 
 
 Esther vii. 6. Guilt the cause of fear. Example 
 of Haman. 
 
 1764. St. Mattheiu v. 37. A proper use of the tongue 
 
 Mar'ch'^22''!. ciijoined. [This sermon was corrected by Rev. J. W. 
 
 No. 10. " Weeks, Numbered 2.] 
 
 Place and Part of a Christmas Sermon. St. Chrysostom 
 
 date want g. '' 
 
 No. 11. quoted. 
 Frankfort, Daniel iv. 30. On self-conceit. [Numbered 11.] 
 
 March 1st. 
 No. 12. 
 
 Frankfort, Provcrbs xxvi. 12. On self-conceit. [Numbered 
 
 July 12th. „. . ■■ 
 
 No. 13. 21.] 
 
 1766. 
 Frankfort, Geuesis xix. 26. Punishment of Lot's wife. [This 
 
 No.'^^4. ^* sermon was corrected by Rev. J. W. Weeks.] 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 297 
 
 Ads xvii. 25 to .C8. A Fast Day Sermon. 
 
 Frankfort, 
 
 April 24th. 
 
 No. 15. 
 
 Genesis xx. 11. The fear of the Lord. 2d divis- No. 16. 
 ion : When any person and place may be said to be 
 destitute of the fear of the Lord. 1. When the in- 
 habitants of any place are addicted to intemperance 
 and immodesty, 2. When they give themselves up 
 to profane sivearing-; 3. When a spirit of lying uni- 
 versally prevails ; 4. When they give themselves up to 
 slander, revile and backbite their neighbors ; 5. When 
 a spirit of contention and quarrelling' prevails ; 6. When 
 they live in the neglect of the loorship of God. 
 
 St. John xvi. 2d and 3d verses. On persecution 1767. 
 [A correction made by Rev. J. W. Weeks. Num- Ma728lh.'*'' 
 bered 6, by Mr. B.] No. 17.' 
 
 2d article of the Apostle's Creed. Exposition of Frankfort, 
 
 ,, f-^y c\t August 9th, 
 
 the same. [JNo. Z.\ No. 17a. 
 
 1 Corinthians ix. part of 24th verse. The Christ- p If , 
 
 lan race. 
 
 Frankfort, 
 previous to 
 Febr'ry 5th. 
 No. 176. 
 
 St. John V. 39. Search the Scriptures. [No. 2.1 Frankfort, 
 
 ■• •" Febr'ry 0th. 
 
 No. 17c. 
 
 Joshua vii. 25. Wicked men cause all the trouble, Pownaiboro, 
 &c., of the world ; but they shall be punished here or "^"ifo^ig', 
 hereafter. [Numbered 2 by Mr. Bailey.] 
 
 Joshua ix. 22, 23. Sin of deceiving another. Frankfort, 
 [This is headed Scripture History, No. , by Mr. Vo."i9. " 
 Bailey.] 
 
 Frankfort, 
 
 Romans xi. 20. On self conceit. [No. 4.] ^ffio.^***' 
 
 Ruth iv. 13. Character of Boaz. 
 
 1769. 
 
 Frankfort, 
 Sept. 7th. 
 No. 21. 
 
 2 Samuel xviii. 33. Conduct of Absalom, his death ; 1770. 
 38 
 
298 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Frankfort, King David's grief; cause of this grief — a belief 
 No. 22. that Absalom would be eternally punished. 
 
 No. 23. Part of a sermon on love to God. 
 
 Pown'lboro' 
 Nov. 4th. 
 No. 21. 
 
 1771. 
 
 Pownalboro, 
 Nov. 18th. 
 No. 25. 
 
 1772. 
 
 Pown'lboro, 
 April 23(1. 
 
 No. 26. 
 Pown'lboro, 
 May 27th. 
 
 No. 27. 
 
 Pown'lboro' 
 June 20th. 
 No. 28. 
 
 Ecclesiastes v. 1, 2. Sermon at the Consecration 
 of St. John's Church, Pownalborough : 1st, the sea- 
 sons; 2d, the places; 3d, the manner; 4th, the de- 
 sign ; and 5th, the importance of Public Worship, 
 [Prefixed to this sermon is " A Prayer at the dedica- 
 tion of St. John's Church, Pownalborough."] 
 
 Proverbs iii. 25. Shame the promotion of fools. 
 
 St. Matthew v. 44. The duty of benevolence. 
 
 Hebreios xii. 7. Duties of fathers to their children. 
 
 St. Matthetv iv. 19 and 20. Duty of following 
 Christ. 
 
 Pown'lboro* Job iv. 14. On the nature and advantages of 
 
 July 17th. T^ „ , c , * 
 
 No. 29. Fear. Part first. 
 
 Pownalboro' Jsaiah li. 7. On the excesses of Fear. Part second. 
 
 No. 6<J. 
 
 Pown'lboro' St. Mttttheto xiii. 7. The vanities which hinder 
 No. 31. the Gospel taking effect in the hearts of men. Part 
 fourth. 
 
 Pown'lboro' RevelatioHs (?) — . — . Probably for All Saints' 
 No. 32. Day. Account of Popish persecutions. 
 
 h'l 'it 
 
 B- ; (■ I' 
 
 Pown'lboro' St. Joliri iv. 48. Causes of unbelief. [Original 
 prayer added.] 
 
 Advent Sun- St. Mattlictv xxi. 11. The necessity of a Redeem- 
 ^lio. 34. er. " I shall at present endeavour to shew the neces- 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 299 
 
 sity of a Redeemer, and then, in a number of dis- 
 courses, consider and explain the nature of this great 
 redemption." [Original prayer added, marked: "Be- 
 fore sermon.''] 
 
 St. Luke ii. 14. 1st. Value of Peace. 2d. Methods 
 to obtain and preserve it. 3d. Exhortation. 
 
 St. Matthew xxi. 5. Kingly office of Christ. 
 
 Job XXX. 23. Feelings of various classes of sin- 
 ners at the approach of *death. 
 
 St. Mattheiv xiii. 7. A fondness for popular ap- 
 plause is one of those things which choke the good 
 seed. 
 
 Pown'lhoro' 
 
 Dec. 24th. 
 
 JN'o. 35. 
 
 Pown'lboro' 
 
 Dec. 29th. 
 
 No. 36. 
 
 1773. 
 
 Pown'lboro' 
 J.in. 20th. 
 No. 37. 
 
 Pown'lboro' 
 May Cth. 
 
 No. 38. 
 
 II. Samuel xii. 31. Character of David. Qau- Pown'lboro' 
 tion to be used in estimating the characters of Scrip- ^"i?o?39. 
 ture personages. 
 
 St. Mattheiv xii. 31, 32. The sin against the Pown'lboro' 
 Holy Ghost. J"^;,8th. 
 
 ,40. 
 
 Acts i. 1 to 6. « An exposition of the Acts of the Powniboro' 
 Apostles." [No. 1.] ^Noli"^^" 
 
 Proverbs iii. 17. The pleasure derived from the Pown'lboro' 
 practice of virtue. ®To.^42!'* 
 
 St. Mattheio xiii. 8. Parable of the good ground. Po^vn'lboro' 
 
 No. 43. 
 
 St. Matthew xiii. 8. Part II. of same discourse. Pown'lboro* 
 
 No. 44. 
 
 St. Matthew xv. 18. Caution against following 1774. 
 those who attempt to spread new and unauthorized j^'^gl^'h" 
 opinions. . No. 45. " 
 
300 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Pown'iboro* St. Mattliev) will. 27. Forgiveness of m juries. 
 
 July 7tli. ° •* 
 
 No. 46. 
 
 Pown'iboro* St. Muttliew xviii. 31 to 35. Aimed against the 
 No. 47. practice of creditors imprisoning their poor debtors. 
 
 Pown'iboro' St. Mttttfieiv XX. 16. God has a right to deal with 
 
 July 14th. „. ,. __. °, 
 
 No. 48. His creatures according to His own pleasure. 
 Pown'iboro- St. Mutthew xxi. 28 to 31. Parable of the two 
 
 July 16th. 
 No. 49. sons. 
 
 ■•! 1 
 
 Pown'iboro' St. Mattlieio xix. 19. Lgve of our country and 
 
 July 21st. u 1 ' 
 
 No 50 benevolence. 
 
 Pown'iboro' St. Mttttheio xx'u. 7. Consequences of neglecting 
 the offers of salvation 
 on the same subject.] 
 
 No,^5i. ^ the offers of salvation. [Refers to a former discourse 
 
 !-f 
 
 I V - 
 
 y\ 
 
 My ■' M 
 
 m . 
 
 1,4 i 
 
 No. 52. Two lectures on the right training of children. 
 
 No. 54. Want of interest in religion. 
 
 No. 55. Persecutions that holy men have suffered, 
 
 No. 56. The case of Cornelius. [Corrected by Rev. J. W. 
 
 Weeks.] 
 
 No. 57. 2. Samuel i. 16. David's nobleness of conduct 
 
 proposed for imitation. 
 
 No. 58. Shortness and uncertainty of life. [Imperfect.] 
 
 No. 69. Death and future judgment. [Imperfect.] 
 
 No. 60. Robbing God of His glory. [Imperfect.] 
 
 No. 61. Dangers arising from national victories. [Imper- 
 
 fect] 
 
1 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 301 
 
 1 Kinsrs xvii. 13 and 14. God will reward us for No 62. 
 acts of charity and mercy. Three other points en- 
 larged upon in former sermons from this text. 
 
 Genesis vi. part of 3d vs. Danger of being con- No 63. 
 nected with persons of vicious characters. [Imper- 
 fect.] 
 
 Attributes of God. [Imperfect.] 
 
 No. 64. 
 
 2 Kinffs X. part of 16th vs. True and false zeal. No. 65. 
 [Imperfect.] 
 
 Romans viii. part of 28th vs. 1st. Concerning No. 66. 
 those who love God. 2d. The reasons for believing 
 that all things should work together for your good. 
 
 Exodus XX. 16. On the ninth commandment. 
 
 No. 67. 
 
 Lll 
 
 Philippians ii. 5th to lOth VS. Exposition. [Im- No. 68. 
 perfect.] 
 
 Genesis. Sketches of some of the prominent No. 69. 
 persons in this book. Chapter i. Life and character 
 of Eve. Chapter ii. Life of Adah. Chapter iii. 
 Life of Zillah. Chapter iv. Life of Naamah. Char- 
 acter of antediluvians. Chapter v. Life of Sarah. 
 [Written in a flowing style, though disfigured by 
 some ideas and expressions not in good taste.] 
 
 A prayer offered at the execution of criminals. ^o. 70. 
 
 1 St. Peter iii. 12. 1st. God's favour to the No. 71. 
 righteous. 2d. His displeasure against the wicked. 
 
 Deuteronomy., iv. 39. Duty of Knowledge and No. 72. 
 consideration. 
 
302 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 73. Deuteronomy iv. 39. Same subject continued. 
 
 No. 74. St. Luke xiii. 4. Against rash judgments. 
 
 1''^ i 
 
 Probably a 1. Reflect a little upon the calamities of war in 
 
 ThanksgiV' 
 
 ing Cterm 
 No. 75. 
 
 Sermon, general ; 2. Give a short history of the Spanish 
 
 proceedings in America, with a particular view to 
 the Island of Cuba ; 3. To take notice of the remark- 
 able successes of the English in some of the preced- 
 ing, as well as in this late expedition. In 1758, 
 Louisburg taken ; in 1759, capture of Quebec ; in 
 1760, conquest of all Canada; Havana taken, Au- 
 gust, 1762. " Let us then this day rejoice." [Imp.] 
 
 V^lo. Three sermons "on Relative Duties," viz.: Nos. 
 76,77,79. [See below.] 
 
 No. 76. Respect to superiors. [Imperfect. No. 1.] 
 
 \\% 
 
 No. 77. 1 St. Peter iii. 8. Duty of superiors to inferiors 
 
 [No. 2.] 
 
 
 May 5th. 
 
 ay oth. 
 No. 78. 
 
 May 5th. 
 No. 79. 
 
 Romans xii. 10. Duty of equals towards each 
 other. [No. 3.] 
 
 1 Timothy ii. 2. " That we may lead quiet and 
 peaceable lives in all godliness and honesty." 
 
 JuW 14th. St. Mark x. 17. The young man's enquiry. [Imp.] 
 
 No. 81. The sin of Jereboam. Caution against sacrificing 
 
 conscience to interest. 
 
 1778. St. James i. 27. 1st. Show who are meant by the 
 terms fatherless and widows. 2d. The treatment 
 due to persons of this description. [Endorsed ser- 
 mon 7.] 
 
 Boston, 
 July. 
 No. 82. 
 
 ,i' 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 303 
 
 Zechariahix. 12. [Endorsed "Sermon eight,] A Pown-iboro' 
 Farewell Discourse delivered at Pownalborough, July, ^%^ gg 
 1778." 1. Give some explanation of the text. 2. 
 Make some reflections suitable to the present occa- 
 sion. 
 
 Psalms Ixv. 11. Reasons for gratitude during the co}J^^uia 
 year past. Doc sist ' 
 
 JNo. 84. 
 
 Duty of promoting peace. 
 
 1781. 
 
 Cornwallis. 
 No. 8,5. 
 
 St. Mark i. 15. 1. The nature and extent of re- comwaiiis, 
 pentance. 2. The necessity of it. ^^"<'V.**-' 
 
 •' iNo. 86. 
 
 Acts xvi. 29, 30. Narrative of the imprisonment Cornwaiiia, 
 of two Apostles. Application of the jailor's ques- ^^noI's?'^' 
 tions to the present hearers. 
 
 St. John iii. 3. Errors with respect to conversion. CornwaiUs 
 [No. 14.] sept^. mh. 
 
 Hebrews xii. 14. Advantages of peace. [No. 3.] Comwaiiis, 
 
 ^ ^ Dec. oth. 
 
 No. 89, 
 
 Psalms cxv. 16. The goodness of God calls for Comwaiiis, 
 gratitude. [No. 4. An original collect prefixed to ^toUt 
 this sermon.] 
 
 1 St. Peter iv. 18. Description of the righteous 1783. 
 and the sinner. AnnapoUs, 
 
 June 29th. 
 No. 91. 
 
 1 St. Peter iv. 18. Difficulty of salvation and Annapolis, 
 certainty of future punishment. 
 
 July. 
 No. 92. 
 
 St. Luke xviii. 18 to 22. 1. An account of this Annapolis, 
 young man. 2. Nature and extent of the command "^Ea.^*^ 
 given to him. 3. Practical reflections. [No. 3.] 
 
 1784 
 Genesis ix. 9. The temptation of Joseph. Prac- Annapou;, 
 
 tical remarks. ''^'i?"^V. 
 
 No, 94. 
 
fffE 
 
 
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 1 
 
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 ■; f ■ 
 
 f 
 
 ii 
 
 ! I 
 
 j: 
 
 jl 
 
 r 
 
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 I 
 
 1 
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 304 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Annapolis, Gcnesis ix. 9. The example of Joseph recom- 
 ifo^JS." mended, especially to the young. 
 
 1786. Genesis xxxvii. 19. The nature, effects and un- 
 
 Feb ^'''d'^' 'reasonableness of envy. " Scripture History." 
 
 No. 96'. 
 
 Annapolis, St. Matlhew xi. 12. A mere outward profesion 
 
 Sept. 2.5th. •11 i e i. i_ 
 
 No. 97. Will not secure our future happiness. 
 Annapolis, Against the love of money. [Imperfect.] 
 
 No^'flis.*. 
 
 Annapolis, Romans vi. 16. " Servitude of sin ; its danger." 
 
 Feb. 1st. rj 1 J. 
 
 No. 99. Second part. 
 
 1787. Judges ix. 14, 15. Endeavor to draw some moral 
 and religious observations from these words. [No. 1.] 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Feb. 7th. 
 No. 100. 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Feb. loth. 
 No. 101. 
 
 Judges ix. 14, 15. The vanity and pride of human 
 nature. [No. 2. Part 2.] 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Feb. 17th. 
 No. 102. 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Feb. 19th. 
 No. 103. 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Feb. 22(1. 
 No. 104. 
 
 Acts xviii. part of 17th vs. True Christian zeal. 
 [No. 3.] 
 
 Acts xviii. part of 17th vs. Counterfeit zeal. [No. 4.] 
 
 Acts xviii. part of 17th vs. Indifference to religion. 
 [No. 5.] 
 
 If; 
 
 [(Tii 
 
 Annapolis, Psalms xlix. 13. The folly of men. [No. 6.1 
 
 Feb. 21st. •' ^ ^ 
 
 No. 105. 
 
 Annapolis, Dcut. XXX. 15. Abuse of the grace of God. 
 
 Feb. 22d, rT.T ^ , 
 
 No. 106. [No. 7.] 
 
 Annapolis, St. Lulcc xu. 1. Display some appearances of 
 
 No. 107. this Pharisaical hypocrisy and show its baseness. 
 [No. 8.] 
 
 Annapolis, 
 
 ^No!^*08. ^i' ImIcc xii. 1. Same subject continued. [No. 9.] 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 305 
 
 10.] 
 
 SL Luke xii, 1. Same subject continued. [No. 6"""]]?l|'' 
 
 Wo? 109. 
 
 St. Mark x. 17, 18. " One may be apparently Annapolis, 
 strict and punctual in the performance of moral du- Ino. no. 
 ties, without being entitled to everlasting happiness. 
 [No. 11.] 
 
 St. Mark x. 17, 18. " It concerns us to examine: Annapolis, 
 1. Tlie disposition of our minds ; and 2. The extent j\o. ill. 
 of our obedience." Practical application. [No. 12.] 
 
 Job i. 18, 19, 20. 1. To make some reflections Annapolis, 
 upon the story and conduct of Job; 2. Observe that 'no. 112.' 
 calamity is the portion of human nature; 3. Enquire 
 what improvement we ought to make of afflictions. 
 [No. 13.] 
 
 Ecdesiastes ix. 12. A funeral sermon. Brief. Annapolis, 
 
 nvT 111 April 16th. 
 
 [No. 14.] "no. 113. 
 
 God. 
 
 Proverbs x. 19. 1. Consider some of those sinful Annapolis, 
 excesses which are occasioned by a multitude of ^o. 114.' 
 words; 2. Exhibit the wise regulation of our dis- 
 course recommended in the text. [No. 15.] 
 
 St. Luke xiii. 5. 1. Against rash judgment; 2. ApriUTth! 
 Exhortation to repentance. [No. 16.] ^°- "^• 
 
 St. Luke xiii. 5. 1. Many instances of sudden ApHi^ioth! 
 bereavement; 2. Caution against delay of repent- ^°" ^^^' 
 ance. [No. 17.] 
 
 Proverbs x. 19. Against talebearing. [No. 18.] Apr'^27th.' 
 
 No. il7. 
 
 St. Matthew v. 8. 1. Enumeration of spiritual Annapolis, 
 
 Nov 2d. 
 
 evils ; 2 Application. [" No. 2 on the text St. Mat- No. lis. 
 thew, V. 8."] 
 
 39 
 
306 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Dec. 22(1. 
 No. 110. 
 
 1788. 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Jan. l.'kh. 
 No. 120. 
 
 Annapolis, 
 
 Jan. 2;Jth. 
 
 No. 121. 
 
 St. Luke ii. 20. 1. Occurrences before tne birth 
 of Christ. 2. Angels appear to the shepherds, and 
 message. 3. Suitable rellections. [Sermon 8.] 
 
 St. Maltheiv iv. 10. Duty to God. 
 
 St. Luke ii. 34. Presentation of Christ in the 
 Temple. While the coming of Christ shall prove 
 the salvation of some, it shall increase the condem- 
 nation of those who neglect his precepts. Let us 
 then repent. [Sermon 9.] 
 
 '!■! 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Jan. 30th. 
 No. 122. 
 
 St. Matthew ii. 1. Brief account of the Magi. 
 Herod's jealousy at the birth of another prince. The 
 Magi not disgusted by the poverty in which Mary 
 and the infant Saviour were found to be. Their con- 
 duct contrasted with that of men in these days. 
 Let the trouble the Magi took to come to Christ ex- 
 cite us to seek him. [Sermon 10.] 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Feb. 1st. 
 No. 123. 
 
 St. Matthew ii. 16. Character of Herod. Ac- 
 count of the massacre by his order. [A spirited 
 sketch.] This story displays the terrible eft'ects of 
 ambition. This passion whether it appears in a 
 single person, or a Congress of rising heroes, is like 
 the inundation of a mighty river. Humanity and 
 benevolence recommended. [Sermon 11.] 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Feb. 6th. 
 No. 124. 
 
 St. Luke ii. 40. Character of Herod and account 
 of his death. Explanation of the text. The ex- 
 ample of Herod teaches us the danger of delaying 
 repentance. Lastly: Let every person be excited 
 to increase in wisdom and understanding. [Ser- 
 mon 12.] 
 
 Annapolis, 
 Feb. 10th. 
 No. 125. 
 
 St. Luke ii. part of 51st vs. The first part of this 
 discourse refers to the 45, 46, 47, 48 and 49 verses of 
 this chapter. 1. From the example of our blessed 
 
 m\'M ' 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 307 
 
 Lord, we may learn the necessity of Confirmation, 
 when it may possibly be obtained. Explanation of 
 Confirmation. Children urged to acquaint them- 
 selves with the nature of their Baptismal vows. 
 The Saviour's example of obedience commended to 
 children. [Sermon 13.] 
 
 Vnnapi 
 
 •'(•1). 12th. 
 
 INo. 126. 
 
 Daniel v. 27. An account of the revels of Bel- Annapolis, 
 shazzar, the hand-writing; consequent terror, and 
 Daniel's interpretation of the mysterious characters. 
 (Written with considerable power.) 1. God knows, 
 considers, and examines all our actions with the 
 greatest exactness. [Sermon 2] 
 
 Daniel v. 27. When we purpose to enter upon Annapolis. 
 any enterprise let iis ask ourselves, if our conduct ^°" ^'^^' 
 in it will stand the test? "Endeavor to shew when 
 people may be reckoned (to be) in a dangerous situ- 
 ation." Several particulars named. " Let us then en- 
 gage in works of repentance, piety, devotion, charity 
 and temperance. But our most perfect performances 
 will not avail without the atonement of the Son of 
 God." [Sermon 3.] 
 
 Short account Annapolis 
 
 Does the conduct of Nicodemus Vo. 128. 
 
 St. John iii. 1, and part of 2d vs. 
 of Nicodemus. 
 merit applause or the contrary ? xVnswered in the 
 negative in the remainder of this discourse. [Ser- 
 mon 4.] 
 
 St. Luke iii. part of 12th verse. Chare >"!er of Annapolis, 
 John Baptist's preaching. " The subject before us ^%^'''l2i 
 and the season of the year invite us to repentance." 
 Reasons for repentance. [Sermon 14.] 
 
 Romans iv. part of 25th verse. The circumstances Annapoi 
 
 of the death of Christ. The sins of the world were ^^'Z^^ln 
 
 Inc. lo 
 
 the cause of the sufferings and death of our Saviour. 
 
 IS, 
 
 _1JJ 
 
l\' ' 
 
 iM- 
 
 308 
 
 A r r E M) I X . 
 
 1. The thought of this should humhie ns; 2. It 
 should fill UH with hatred of sin ; 3. wu should avoid 
 sin. [Sermon 5.] 
 
 MarcTi'ith. ''^''' ^^"^'' ^^' '*• J)«'fi"'t'«n of temptalion. 1. Trials 
 No. i;u. 5X11(1 atllictions which |)rove our faith. 2. Tin 
 
 deavors of Satan to draw uh Into ssin. '>]. Onr a 
 depraved appetites may draw us into sin. Therefore 
 we should pray to God for His aid and protection. 
 Caution ; God never leads any one into temptation. 
 We should carefully shun all temptations. [Ser- 
 mon G.] 
 
 Annapolis, ^s/. Liikc xi. 4. 1. Uumau nature is weak in re- 
 March 18th. 
 No. 132. sisting temptation. Yet many persons voluntarily 
 
 expose themselves to it. Can these, with propriety, 
 
 otler the prayer in the text? God promises his aid 
 
 to those who shun temptations. [Sermon 7.] 
 
 Annapolis, Romans iv. part of 25th vs. 1. The Rcsurrec 
 
 March '2()th. ' 
 
 No. 133. 2. The design and importance of this event. 3. The 
 
 improvement to be made of it. [Sermon 8.] 
 
 m 
 
 'V' 
 lit. 
 
 
 ir 
 
 { i 
 
 Annapolis, St. Mutthcw ill. 15. Account of the preceding 
 
 March 2Gth. . . i nu • 4.^ 1 *l • • 
 
 No. 134. Circumstances: 1. Christ s example on this occasion 
 should convince us that it is our duty to obey all 
 commands of God; 2. Observe the humility of John 
 Baptist; 3. Notice the regular proceedings of Divine 
 Providence, even in the most weighty concerns. Ap- 
 plication. [Imperfect. Sermon 15.] 
 
 Annapolis, St. Mattheiv i. 1 to 11th verse. Explanation of 
 
 March 29th. . 
 
 No. 13.5. " the temptation of Christ, with practical reflections 
 [Sermon 16.] 
 
 Annapolis, Amos vi. 1. Multitudes repent of their sins with- 
 No. 136. out any real reformation. The human heart has 
 many ways to deceive itself. Specification of some 
 of these ways. [Sermon 9.] 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 309 
 
 Amos vi. 1. Many (Miriatians eontont thrmsclves Antmpoiig, 
 with a cold and partial performance of their duty. ^'^o.'i;^;. 
 [Sermon 10.] 
 
 St. John i. 47, 48. Four of the disciples of John AniKipniin, 
 Baptist described. Among them was Nathaniel, '.si,. \:\^[ 
 Explain the meaning of the words " in whom is no 
 guile," and then enciuire if the description will agree 
 with our own characters? [Sermon 17.] 
 
 St. John ii. 11. Account of the miracle: 1. Make* Annnpnii.,, 
 Bome observations on this occurrence ; '2. Attempt -^'i!;'' '?';'• 
 
 ' • No. 13i). 
 
 eomc practical improvement. [Sermon 18.] 
 
 St. John ii. 24. The care of the Jews in observing Annapolis, 
 externals of religion shames the conduct of many ^ jJo "hq." 
 Christians. Christ's driving the traftickers from the 
 Temple shows that religious buildings have a rela- 
 tive sanctity. Christ would '• not commit himself" 
 to certain who professed to be his disciples, and why ? 
 From this, and other ])assages, we are persuaded of 
 Christ's divinity. Christ is therefore omniscient. 
 Have we always acted under a persuasion of this 
 truth? [Sermon 19.] 
 
 St. Johyi iii. 5. Brief account of the interview Annapolis, 
 between Christ and Nicodemus. Surprise of Nic- ^o. m." 
 odemus. Explanation by Christ. " Our blessed 
 Lord has united Baptism with Regeneration, and 
 has declared the necessity of both in the strongest 
 terms." "The outward sign must not be omitted 
 if we expect the inward spiritual grace." " We learn 
 from this discourse of our Lord with Nicodemus, 
 the necessity of an heavenly disposition, and that 
 our souls must be renewed and sanctified, &c. &c." 
 [Sermon 20.] 
 
 St. Mattheiv v. 43. Our Saviour encouraged that Annapolis, 
 
310 
 
 May 2d. 
 No. 142, 
 
 Annapolis, 
 
 June 14th. 
 
 No. 143. 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 affection and benevolence which is the most amiable 
 virtue, the brightest ornament of human nature. 
 Our benevolent feelings to have no limits. I in- 
 tend this discourse chiefly as an introduction to 
 this great and important branch of Christianity. 
 Paraphrase of the story of the good Samaritan. 
 Selfishness the character of the present age. Our 
 forbearance in religion proceeds from indifference to 
 it rather than from true charity. [Sermon 11.] 
 
 Proverbs i. 10. 1. Many persons endeavor to 
 seduce others into sin, and successfully. 2. These 
 seducers are atrocious sinners. 3. "Enlarge upon 
 Solomon's caution." [Sermon 12.] 
 
 June 14th. 
 No. 144. 
 
 Second sermon in which the same subject is con- 
 tinued. [Sermon 13.] 
 
 June 20th. 
 No. 145. 
 
 June 17th. 
 No. 14C. 
 
 July 12th. 
 No. 147. 
 
 Third sermon in which the same subject is con- 
 tinued. [Sermon 14. j 
 
 St. Mark x. 16. 1. Explain the nature and urge 
 the necessity and advantage of confirmation. 2. 
 Address myself to the younger part of this congre- 
 gation. 
 
 St. Luke X. 41, 42. Religion is a matter of the 
 utmost concern and importance. [Sermon Ki.] 
 
 July 18th. 
 No. 148. 
 
 1 Corinthians x. 3, 4. Comparison between man- 
 na and the Gospel. [Sermon 17.] 
 
 I . I 
 
 Proverbs i, 24, 25, 26. 1. God in tender compas- 
 sion for mankind continues to repeat His gracious 
 invitations. 2. Notwithstanding this, we are dis- 
 posed to reject His condescending offers. [Sermon 18.] 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 311 
 
 NOTICES OF LOYALISTS. 
 
 
 The papers of the Rev. Jacob Bailey, which have been pre- 
 served, are of a very miscellaneous character. 
 
 Some of them furnish information not before known respect- 
 ing persons of some note in their day. The notices which 
 follow, refer, exclusively, to those who, at the time of the Amer- 
 ican Revolution, favored more or less the Royal cause. 
 
 Great credit is due to Lorenzo Sabine, Esq., for his very 
 full and accurate work, containing biographical sketches of 
 American Loyalists. With all the labor which must have 
 been bestowed on that book, it is still somewhat imperfect, 
 either in the brevity of the notices of some of the persons 
 spoken of, or in the entire omission of the names of some who 
 adhered to the British Crown. The contents of this Appen- 
 dix supply in a measure this deficiency. The present writer 
 supposed that there might be a general desire in the Protestant 
 Episcopal Church to learn all that could be gathered of the 
 history of those of its ministers, who retained their allegiance 
 in the trying times of the American Revolution. While he 
 has, therefore, made full extracts from the MS. materials in 
 his possession to gratify ''his desire, he has also availed him- 
 self to some extent of other sources of information. 
 
 Some of the persons noticed in the following sketches were 
 in humble life, and perhaps, on account of their never halving 
 possessed any extensive influence, it may be supposed that 
 any memorials of them are hardly worth preserving. Still 
 these slight sketches will probably have a local interest. More 
 than this, they serve also in some degree as contributions to 
 the general history of the State in which the subjects of them 
 lived. The writer of the present Memoir could not resist the 
 desire which he felt to select from the time-worn MSS. which 
 
 
312 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 
 "t j " 
 
 -: 1! 
 
 i.j!i:. :! 
 
 were intrusted to him, such facts as appeared worthy of being 
 inserted in an Appendix. From the increasing interest now 
 felt not only in Antiquarian but Genealogical researches, the 
 compiler feels assured of the readiness with which many will 
 read every one of the following articles. They who are not 
 interested in some of these brief sketches can of course pass 
 them over, with the consolation that the insertion of them adds 
 nothing to the price of the book in which they are contained. 
 
 Rev. Edward Bass, D. I)., and first Bish jf the Protestant 
 Episcopal Church in Massac. jsetts. 
 
 Mr. Bass's ancestors were among the first settlers of Massachusetts Colony, and 
 settled in Roxbury about 1633. In about ten years they removed theiice to Braintree 
 (now Quincy.) 
 
 The subject of this notice was born in Dorchester, Mass., Nov. 23d, 1726. He 
 entered Harvard College when he was thirteen years old, and graduated in 17-11. For 
 some years after he was engaged in the instruction of youth, and in theological studies. 
 He was licensed to preach among the Congrfgationalists, if indeed he w.is not or- 
 dained a minister by them.* On the 24th ot May, 1752, he was admitted to Deacon's 
 Orders by the Bishop of London, and having sliortly afterwards been ordained Priest, 
 he returned to his native country, and on the death of the Rev. Matthias Plant, Minis- 
 ter of Queen Anne's Church in Newbury, M-iss., took charge of that Parisli. 
 
 At the commencement of the American Revolution, Mr. Bass, in common with the 
 other Ministers of the English Church, was placed in a situation of extreme embar- 
 rassment. 
 
 It would seem, that to a certain e;:.ent, he complied with the wishes of the officers 
 of his Church, and omitted the prayers for the Royal Family. The following papers 
 will show the light in which he was regarded by the Society in England, whose Mis- 
 sionary he was. In writing to the Secretary of that Society, under date of Nov. 9th, 
 1781, Rev. J. Bailey says : " At the earnest request of the Rev. Mr. Bass, the late 
 Missionary at Newburyport, I venture to lay before you the following representation 
 of his circumstances and conduct, and, if it will not give offence to the Society, I beg 
 you will communicate it. Two gentlemen, upon whose veracity and honor I can ontirely 
 depend, have lately been with me, and affirm that Mr. Bass is a mo>t sincere friend to 
 Government ; that though he was obliged to omit the \isual prayers for tdc King, yet 
 he never could be induced to pray for the revolters, either in the civil or miliiary de- 
 partment ; that he has always refused to read the resolves, declarations or any other 
 papers appointed by rebel authority ; that he has been of great service in moderating 
 the violent, in confirming the doubtful, and in making converts of such as would 
 attend to his arguments, and that it is his most sincere design to promote the interests 
 of the Church, and the supremacy of Br tain over her Colonies. I can attest the 
 greater par*; of the above account, and I always considered him as an honest, worthy 
 man, and I am authorized to observe that he is .he more deeply aifected in having for- 
 feited the favor of that venerable body which he served so long, than at the loss of 
 his salary, though he is wholly subsisted by charity." In reply to this statement, 
 
 Cl'V' 
 
 * " The bearer. Mr. Bass, has prcncliPil for some tliiic anions the dissenters, to good accrptaiicc, F, 
 MiLLlB."— y/fwiins' Altssions of Church o/ Eiitjland, p. '219. 
 
Y of being 
 erest now 
 rches, the 
 many will 
 o are not 
 ur8e pass 
 hem adds 
 >ntained. 
 
 i^rotestant 
 
 Colony, and 
 to Braintree 
 
 1, 1726. He 
 n 1744. For 
 ^ical studies, 
 was not or- 
 to Deacon's 
 lined Priest, 
 ^lant, Minis- 
 is,h. 
 
 ion with the 
 reme embar- 
 
 tlie officers 
 wing papers 
 who.se Mis- 
 [)f Nov. 9th, 
 iss, the late 
 jrescntation 
 iciety, I beg 
 can i?ntirely 
 ?re t'ricnd to 
 c King, yet 
 military de- 
 ir any other 
 moderating 
 :h as would 
 he interests 
 
 utte.st the 
 est, worthy 
 having for- 
 ihe loss of 
 htateinent, 
 
 eptaiioe. F. 
 
 ■ ■/■ ■ 
 
 
 \.'J 
 
 •4, 
 
 
 ^^t 
 
 
 
 ;iC 
 
 ■•4' 
 
 -A 
 
l'<h 
 
 L' ' 
 
 
 
 m <^ ' 
 
 1 
 
 l^jj It 
 
 
 i 
 
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 1 
 1 
 
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 1' 
 
 
 ra 
 
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 Br 
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 \'\ 
 
 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 313 
 
 
 the Secretary of tha Venerable Society says, January 2!)'h, 1782 : " That part of your 
 letter which concerns Mr. Bass, has a little surprised me, since among other witnesses 
 of his disloyal principles and conduct, you cecm to have been among the number. For 
 when Mr. (Rev. J. W. W.) Weeks was in Kngland, he assured me in these words : 
 'That Mr. Bass went so far as to preach a sermon, exhorting his hearers to give their 
 money liberally for clothing the rebel soldiers. Mr. Bailey, my brother, was present 
 on the occasion, and heard the sermon.' I should be glad if you would explain this 
 and, if you can, reconcile it with your last letter. The clergy of Boston, in the begin- 
 ning of the troubles, disapproved of Mr. Iviss's conduct, and wrote over that he 
 complied too far with the prevailing powers. He is said to have kept all the Fasts, 
 &c., appointed by Congress, and to have read the Declaration of Independency in 
 his Church. All this Mr. Bass must clear himself of, and very fully too, before he 
 can be restored to the Sucicty's favor. P. S. If Mr. Bass had been truly loyal, I 
 can't see how it was possible for him to stay at IVewburyport, a place so much in favor 
 of the other part." 
 
 In answering this letter, May 4th, of the same year. Rev. J. Bailey says : " With 
 respect to Mr. Bass, and the information I gave to Mr. Weeks, the case is, in brief, 
 as follows : being compelled to leave my family to avoid confinement on board a 
 guard ship, I wandered through the country, and about the middle of November came 
 to Newburyport, and was at Church on a day of public thanksgiving appointed by the 
 Congress. Mr. Bass desired me to preach, but I refused, assuring him that I would 
 never deliver a charity sermon to collect money for clothing the rebel soldiers. This 
 I repeated soon after to Mr. Weeks, but, as nearlv as I can remember, Mr. Bass gave 
 us a general discourse, without descending to particulars, or even mentioning the 
 occasion of the solemnity. After sermon, the collection was made. Manv refused to 
 contribute, and a lady of some distinction declared with a spirited voice, ' I will never 
 give a single penny towards the support of rebels." This bold declaration was per- 
 haps the occasion of my retaining the above in my memory. I am very confident, 
 both from the repeated assertions of Mr. Bass himself, and other circumstances, that 
 he refused to read the Declaration of Independency, and he became, on that account, 
 extremely obnoxious to the violent party. I am certain that he was publicly reported 
 for a Tory, and I was, one evening just upon my arrival at his house, witness to a 
 scene equally ludicrous and indecent, for as he was returning from an entertainment 
 ■with his wife, he was pursued along the street by near two hundred persons, who pelted 
 him with dirt and stones, and created him with the most indelicate language. » « 
 On the whole, I am persuaded that Mr. Bass was conducted into his deviations, not 
 from even the least inclination lb the cause of the revolters, but from A mistaken zeal 
 for the Church, which, he imagined, in some measure, would justify his compliance." 
 Rev. S. Parker, Rector of Trinity Church, Boston, writes to Rev. J. Bailey, Dec. 22, 
 1782. " Mr." (Rev. J. W.) " Weeks was dismissed from the Society's service with 
 much greater reason, I think, than poor brother Bass, whose loyalty during the whole 
 contest has stood unimpeached." 
 
 The following is from a letter from Rev. Edward Bass, Newburyport, Dec. 2Dth, 
 1783 : "That I sho«-e I a readinoss to keep all the Congress Fasts, as Dr. Morice hath 
 been informed, is not true. I complied with much reluctance. It is indeed true that 
 I did generally open my Church on those days, but not in consequence of orders or 
 commands from any Rebel authority whatever, none of whose papers I ever once 
 read in Church, but of the earnest request of my parishioners, who represented it to 
 me as the only probable way of saving the Church from destruction, while people in 
 general were in such a frenzy. Besides a number of private letters written by my 
 friends in my favor, my wardens did last year sign a testimonial of my loyalty; the 
 Hon'ble Mark H. Wentworth and George Jaftrey presented me with another, which 
 I begged the favor of Governor Wentworth to present to the Society." 
 
 40 
 
314 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ;5J • :h'' 
 
 In a postscript to a letter from Rev. Edward Biiss.in tlieSprinsc of 1781, he says: " Hy 
 the i^oo J offices of your IJrotherWi'cks, this Church is, Ithiiik, like to fall very soon." 
 
 Kfv. J. Bailey wrote to the subject of this .sketch, March 7th, 1787: " I received 
 a letter from you last .Xovenibcr, with your remarks upon tlio .Society.* Our Brotlic r 
 Cl.uk, formerly of Dcdiiain, was present, from wiiom I ehierty collected the following; 
 account of your all'iirs. After Mr. Weeks had procured, by his representations, a 
 suspension of your pay, my letters and other testimonials arrived in your favour, 
 wliich induced the Board to revise your case, and to make some furtlicr enquiries. In 
 consequence of which, one 8aher was produced, who declared upon oath that he had 
 been a parishioner of yours ; that you omitted all the prayers for His Majesty, etc., 
 observed all the rebellious fasts and tliiuiksgivins?s, and read the Declaration for Inde- 
 pendence, without the advice, and contrary to the desire of your Parish, and that you 
 not only encouraged privateering, but was actually engaged in tlie plunder of British 
 property. (Quere, wlio was tliis iSaltcr ? Was it not Malachi, who visited NewF.ug- 
 land in the autumn of 1777, and who afterwards made a voyage to London ?) Tliis 
 evidence, however, greatly increased, or rather confirmed every prejudice against you. 
 After this, your friends exhibited several circumstances in your favour, and had so far 
 elucidated your character, that a restoration was almost agreed to. Upon which Mr. 
 Clark was examined for a decidmg voice, the Arch-Bishop assuring him that should 
 his testimony prove favoural le, the Society would confirm your salary. But this gen- 
 tleman, it appears, declared upon his honour, that he regarded you as a friend to the 
 rebellion, upon which they immediately passed a vote of reprobation. I have had 
 several warm altercations with Mr. Clark on this subject, and have demanded the 
 foundation of his opinion. In reply, he alleges, that upon a visit with Mrs. Bass, at 
 Dediiam, he conceived that both you and your lai'y were greatly attached to the rebel- 
 lion ; but, I conjecture, that he was chiefly influenced in his sentiments by what Mr. 
 Weeks and others had asserted." 
 
 Several letters from Mr. Buss of a later date are preserved. They relate mainly to 
 domestic matters. Some o; them inclosed letters to his brothers Joseph and John 
 Bass, then living in the neighborhood of Mr. Bailey. 
 
 Tlie degree of 1). D. was conferred on Mr. Bass by the University of Pennsylvania, 
 in 178'J. Seven years after. Dr. Bass was chosen Bishop of Massachusetts, and in 
 179" was consecrated in Philadelphia, by Bishop White; Bishops Provost and Chiggett 
 assisting. At the request of the Churches in Rhode Island and Mew Hampshire, he 
 exercised his Episcopate in those Stales. Until his death, which happened in 1803, 
 he retained the charge of St. Paul's Church, in Newburyport, which he had held for 
 the long space of fifty-one years. He is yet remembered in Newburyport, as a person 
 of a remarkably cheerful and even temperament, a lover of peace, to such an extent 
 as to have, on .some occasions, sacrificed his own undoubted rights, rather than to con- 
 tend with avaricious and quarrelsome neighbors. Such traits arc remembered when 
 even the learning of their suliject is forgotten. Prom the unusual advantages he pos- 
 sessed in youth, and his diligent habits at that time, it is probable that his acquire- 
 ments were greater than common. 
 
 A marble monument, with a Latin inscription, written by his assistant and suc- 
 cessor in the Rectorship, the late Rev. James Morss, D. D., is erected to his memory 
 in the Cliurchyard of St. Paul's, Newburyport. 
 
 * This probably relates to a pamphlet published by Mr. Bass, of which the following is the title : 
 " A brief Account of the treatment wliich Mr. Unss, late Missionary from the Society for the I'rop- 
 ayation of the Gospel in Kori'lKU I'arts, at Newhury-l'ort, New Kiiylaiiii, hatli received from saiil 
 Society. Drawn up by Illmself. with Ueniarlss upon particular I'arta of it, and ailtlresscd to tlio ini- 
 partial Tublic. Ailmonlsli a I'riciul, it may he lu halli nut dune it. Admonish thy Friend, it may lie 
 he hath not said it. Adaionish a Friend, for many Tiines it is a Slander, and believe not every Tale.— 
 Kcdes. xix. 13, U, 15. London : Trintcd in the Year ilJJCCL-VXXVl." 
 
 m- 
 
ArPENDIX. 
 
 815 
 
 The writer of the above heard Rev. Dr. Morss relate the following anecdote a few 
 years since : — 
 
 About the time that the monument to Uishop Bass was erected, the Hector of the 
 Parish preached a sermon on the death of Alexander Hamilton, which sermon con- 
 tained a warm eulof^y on the deceasi d. A democratic parishioner shortly after met 
 his Rector, and observed : " Mr. Morss, if your inscription on good Bishop Bass'a 
 monument had been in English, and yo\ir eulogy on Alexander Hamilton had been in 
 Latin, I. for one, should have been murh better pleased." 
 
 The present writer would beg leave to say, that he fully agrees with the parishioner 
 in that part of his observation whirh refers to Bishop Bass. As the memory of a 
 devoted minister or bishop should be dear to the liumblest of those under his charge, 
 so, it would seem to bo self-evident, that enduring tritiutes to his virtui s should bo in 
 a language that all interested ran read. They who have acquired a world-wide repu- 
 tation may be commemorated in a language common to the Icaruod in all lands. But 
 he whose praise it was, that he did the work of liis Divine Master in a faithful spirit, 
 can look for no extensive renown. 'While no reason can be given tor the use of that 
 which is " an unknown tongue " to the great mass of those who w mid gladly reaii 
 his epitaph, the employment of such a tongue of course virtually defeats, in no small 
 degree, the object for which his monument was erected. 
 
 Rev. Joshua Winoatk Wek.ks, Rector of St. IMichael's 
 Church, Marble head, Mass. 
 
 Joshua. Wixoate Wkf.ks was the oldest child of Col. John and Mrs. Martha 
 Weeks, and was born in Hampton, N. H., 17 — . He graduated at Harvard College 
 in 17'58, and married Miss Sarah Treadwell, of Ipswich, Mass. 
 
 In November, 1762, the Vestry of St. Michael's Church, Marblehead, " Voted, that 
 the Sum of £30 .Sterling be Laid on the pews of said Church to Defray the Charge of 
 Mr. Weeks Going home to London to Receive Orders for said Church." 
 
 His marriage, as he states in a letter, dated London, March, 1703, took place before 
 he left America. He returned to Marblehead in July of that year, and entered upon 
 his duties as Rector of St. Michael's but did not reside there wholly till after the 
 lapse of one year. No hint is to be found of the reason of his leaving the faith of 
 his family, who were all Congregationalist^, and seeking for Orders in the Church of 
 England. 
 
 Several letters, which passed between him and Rev. Mr. Bailey, are in existence. 
 From these, it would seem that the first eleven years of his Rectorship at Marblehead 
 were passed in quiet enjoyment. During that time he made several visits io Pownal- 
 borough, and purchaed about eighty acres of land, which, to the present day, bear 
 his name. A letter of his, of the date of Nov. 10th, 1771, contains gloomy forebod- 
 ings as to himself and his family. The following year he and they were driven from 
 ^Marblehead, by political persecutions, and were obliged to seek refuge with Rev. Mr. 
 Bailey, at Pownalborough. Some account of this is given in the previous Memoir, 
 p. 108. They were here, at times, at least, from April, 177o, to May of the following 
 year. His family resided in Pownalborough during that time. In June of that year, 
 Mr. Weeks and his family returned to Marblehead. In a letter from that place to 
 Mr. Bailey, dated April 2nth, 1777, Mr. Weeks says : " You ask me ' how I live .' ' I 
 am happy to tell you that my friends are uncommonly kind, and even strangers are 
 remarkably liberal, and I have received the most unlimited offers from persons I never 
 knew." * * "You ask, ' why I ceased to oflioiatc ? ' Because the General Court 
 passed an Act against preaching, or praying, with a design of bringing independence 
 
316 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 iri. 
 
 into (lUf^race, etc., etc. My beinn obliged to fly and tlio treatment I received were 
 fully related in the English papers, and from thenco were inserted in the monthly 
 IVlaprnzines, etc." 
 
 Mr. Weeks wrote to Mr. Bailey from Do-ston, May 2d, 1778. He says : " I am here 
 in order to get liberty from the Court to ro away, but have the mortification to find 
 my petition rejected Ijy tlie House after having licen fully and literally granted by the 
 Council by an unanimous vote. So there is an end of thinking to go away by leave, 
 Mr. Clark of Dcdham hath liberty to go, though I am detained." 
 
 A letter from Uev. Mr. llailey to the siiliject of this skctcli, and addressed to him at 
 Newport, K. I., dated Nov. L'Stli, 177H, says; " I was driven from the regions of Ken- 
 nebeck about the 12th of July, by a warrant, to Duston. Up(m iny arrival I found that 
 you were fled, from a prosecution of the like nature, to Hliode Island." Joseph Domctto 
 wrote to Uev. J. Bailey, Boston, Dec. I, of this year ; '• Mr. Gardiner arrived at New 
 York too late to see either his father, or Mr. Weeks, who had sailed for I'lngland." 
 In the spring of the following year, the following was written by llcv. William Clark, 
 at London : " Tlie Bev. Mr. Weeks, being driven from the large and flourishing 
 Church of !Marblcliead, left that Province soon after I did, and for similar reasons, 
 and is now going to Nova Scotia with a recommendation from the Society here to the 
 Governor and Council of that Province." Mr. Bailey, in a letter to a friend a few 
 months after, says : "I am sorry to And that Mr. M'ecks meets with any obstructions 
 to his settlement at Annapolis. Tlic Governor and Council, for certain impenetrable 
 reasons, seem determined to retain Mr. Fisher in that Mission." And shortly after, 
 Mr. Bailey says : " About three weeks after my settlement at Halifax, Mr. Weeks 
 arrived from England, whicli afforded a great addition to our happiness, lie is ap- 
 pointed Missionary at Annapolis lioyal, with a salary of £lt!) per Annum, but will 
 continue at present in tliis Metropolis." He continued there from July IGth, to Sep- 
 tember 7th, when he sailed for iSow York. While he was at that place, he says : " The 
 Refugees from Massachusetts Bay had a meeting to choose a proper person to repre- 
 sent them at the ]5oard. They condescended to choose me Moderator. I thought it 
 an honour, and a great one, nor shall I ever be ashamed of such company. For when 
 I looked around me I beheld men eminent for their abilities, their birth, their opu- 
 lence and connexions ; and had the cause in which we had been engaged been a bad 
 one, men of such character would have added lustre to it, and made it respectable." 
 A letter from Rev. Dr. Breyiiton, Nov. 27th, 177!*, says : " You are no stranger to the 
 arrival of Mrs. Weeks and her eight children. Besides some donations, Mrs. Weeks 
 will be allowed about 5 sliillings per diem, and Mr. Weeks will be directed to draw for 
 the Society's £70, and the other £70 will be given to (llcv.) Mr. Fisher, till the whole 
 of that afl'air can be finally settled." 
 
 It was not till the spring of the following year, that Weeks was able to join his 
 family in IJalifax. In the following summer he writes : " llogers has been with me, 
 and offered me one of his battalions, you know he came from tlie same Province." 
 
 Rev. Mr. Bailey says, in a letter to Rev. Edward Bass, July 28th, 1784: " What- 
 ever might be the motives which induced Mr. Weeks in his endeavors to injure you,* 
 it has returned upon himself, and he is at present in no eligible situation ; in the ex- 
 pensive town of Halifax, with a large family he.is reduced to about sixty Pounds, as 
 half-pay Chaplain to the Orange Rangers, and fifty-two guineas, which are deducted 
 from my perquisites." In the summer of the following year, Mr. Bailey says, in writ- 
 ing to a friend : " As to Mr. Weeks, he has been to England, and. after writing three 
 humiliating letters to the Society, was admitted candidate for a vacancy, with this 
 express condition, on record, that he should first resign the contested Chaplaiuship. 
 
 ' See letter from Bisliop Bass, page 201. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 317 
 
 But micli WHS his intlpxible obstinacy and steadfast doformination to injure mo, that 
 he refused, and returned 10 Halifax, tiiou^h he nii^ht have been settled at Dipby." 
 
 Tliis in ittor of the ehaplainsliip is spoken of in the foregoing Memoir, pp. 'J.'i7, 2.18. 
 It was the means of 8uspcndini< all intercourse between the family of Mr. IJailey, and 
 that of his brother-ill law, nor is there any evidence that this intercourse was ever 
 restored. All that is known by the present writer of tlio subseiiuent life of Mr. 
 Weeks, is contained in " Aikiu's Sketch of the llisc and Progress of tiie Churcii of 
 England, etc. Halifax: 1841>." The author of this work says, p. 49, "The names 
 and stations of the Clergy in the Diocese (of Nova Scotia) at this time, (i. e., M'M,) 
 were as follows : Joshua W. Weeks, at Preston." And In a note at the foot of the 
 same page, " Removed to Guysborough in 17!''5, on the death of Mr. De la llochc." 
 The Triennial Catalogue of Harvard College gives 18')1 as the date of his death. 
 
 Rev. William Clakk, R<^ctor of 8t. Paul's Church, Dodhaui, 
 
 Massachusetts. 
 
 This gentleman was the sou of Ki-v. I'cter Clark, of Danvers, Mass. lie graduated 
 at Harvard College in 17'50, and returned from London to Boston, (whii her he had 
 gone to take Holy Orders,) in a ship commanded by Capt. Hall, in 17(59. He was 
 appointed to the charge of the Church in Stoughton and Dedham. 
 
 Mr. Clark wrote to Mr. Bailey, Dedham, July 10th, 1772, and expressed his desire to 
 obtain the Parish' at (Jcorgetown, Mc., because the salary at Dedham was small, and 
 likely to remain so, until the estate belonging to the Parish in reversion sluuild fall in. 
 In 1771, the inhabitants of the two townships (i. e. Granville and ,) addressed an 
 
 invitation to the Rev. Mr. Clark, the Missionary at Dedham, Mass., to come and settle 
 among them, promising, at the same time, to contribute towards his support. They 
 stated that the greater part of them had " been educated and brought up in the Con- 
 gregational way of worship, and therefore should have chosen to have a minister of 
 that form of worship, but the Rev. Mr. Wood, by his preaching, and performing the 
 other offices of his holy function amongst us in the several districts of this county, 
 hath removed our former ])rcjudices that we had against the forms of worship of the 
 Church of England, as by law established, and hath won us to a good opinion thereof, 
 inasmuch as he hath removed all our scruples of receiving the Holy Sacrament of the 
 Lord's Supper in that form of administering it ; at least many of us are now com- 
 municants with him, and wc trust and believe many more will soon be added." * 
 
 Rev. J. W. Weeks says. May 2d, 1778 : " Mr. Clark hath leave to go out of the 
 country, but I am refused." The same person, in writing shortly after to the Venera- 
 ble Society, saysf: " Mr. Clark, of Dedham, on account of his health, got liberty of 
 the rebels to go to Newport. He is excessively deaf, so that he cannot perform divine 
 service. Some refugees and inhabitants of Newport had subscribed about £30 sterling 
 for his support. Though he has no family but a wife, yet he is in great need, and 
 merits compassion from all. He was taken up last year and tried at the same time I 
 was, and his lawyer deceiving him by going out of town when he ought to have been 
 in court, he was, without the least colour of evidence against him, condemned, and 
 confined for some time on board the guard ship, by which his health was much injured, 
 and his voice so affected that he can hardly be understood." Mr. Clark writes, Lon- 
 don, March 3d, 1779 : " I had the bappiness to live in peace at Dedham till the spring 
 of 1777, when their jealousy being excited by a trifling occasion, I was sentenced to 
 banishment and confined on board a ship, for nothing more than refusing to acknowl- 
 edge the Independency of America, which was contrary to the sentiments I had of 
 
 11 
 
 * Hawkins' Sllssions, <bc., p. 361-2. 
 
 t Hawkins' Missluns, p. 260. 
 
318 
 
 A p r E M) r X . 
 
 I :;!'(; 
 
 (■ . 
 
 my duty to my kin^, my country, anil my Ood. I wan, howrvor, kept n prisoner till 
 liiHt Jiinp, wlien 1 not pcrmissiim to Ir^avc their dominionK, nnd after sprndiiif^ u few 
 months at Rhode Island and New York, 1 left America aijoiit (;hristmas, aiid iirrivcd 
 here in Fehniary hy way of Ireland. Hy my confinenipnt in Anierica, I nontraeted a 
 disorder, which disables me from preaching, and whether I shall ever recover from it 
 is at present uncertain." In answer to a remark of Mr. Clark's letter of Novemher 
 of this year — " I have not heard since I loft her in Ilhodc Island about a year n^n." — 
 Mr. Uailey replies; " I saw Mr. Weeks last July, and made i)artienlar iniiuiries con- 
 cerning the death of Mrs, Clark, and ail the information I could obtain was, that she 
 died about the middle of .September, a fortni:,'ht after her delivi ry, and that her child 
 did not lonn survive her." Under date of London, May 2lst, 17H,'{, Mr. Clark writes ; 
 " I have now the satisfacfinn to inform you that (ioverniuent granted me a pensicm of 
 JL60 per annum, and I have lately got leave to rotiio to Nova-Scotia and enjoy my 
 « pension there." It was not till more than three years after this that Mr. Clark was 
 enabled to realize his wish of returning? to Amtrica. In his letter from Ha]it'ii.\, ,Juiio 
 ?,'), 1780, he writes; " I have the satisfaction to inform you that I arrived hero 21st 
 instant, in the Trooper, ('apt. lirowse, after a tedious passage of eight weeks from 
 London." In the atitumn of the same, Mr Clark was residing with the Hev. J. Uailey 
 at Annapolis. Shortly after, Mr. Uailey said in his report to the Venera dc iSocicty: 
 " The Rev. Mr. Clark is with me, and has assisted in administering the sacrament and 
 reading prayers, and I am encouraged liy his increasing health, to hope that ho may 
 be able to perl'orm service with still greater satisfaction to himself and others." And 
 ftfterward.s, in a letter to a correspondent, Mr. Dailey says: " Mr. Clark was married 
 about the 20th November last and lives at the next door, so that I have still the benefit 
 of liis Millenary library." And in anotiier letter Mr. TJ. says : ' Mr. Clark is married 
 to a little, pretty, delicate, chattering woman, about twenty-eight, as unable to rough 
 it as himself. It is a disadvantage to Mr. C, that he is totally ignorant of gardening 
 and farming." From a previous communication, we learn that the lady's name was 
 Mrs. Dunbar, a young widow from New York. 
 
 Mr. Clark had removed to Digby, N. S., previous to June 2d, 1787, for he wrote to 
 Mr. Bailey under that date. In that letter he says : " It seems that a number, perhaps 
 forty or fifty, of half-pay offictrs and loyalists of this Province were represented 
 as apostates, and loitering away their time and money in the rebel countr\, of which 
 mimbcr I had the honor to be reckoned one, and consequently my pension was stopped 
 on this pretence, even before I had arrived at Annapolis the last summer, but ray 
 agent, by his \igilance, got a reprieve for me and two others he names, till oth July 
 next, in order to give them time to let them know that I continued loyal, alive, and 
 in statu quo. « * * The Wardens here have asked me to preach, which I de- 
 clined, as I ever wished to begin the trial by reading prayers only." Mr. Clark was in 
 Digby Oct. 6, 178',). He returned to this country and resided in Quincy. He died in 
 1815, and was buried in the church-yard of his last residence, his grave being in iked 
 by a monument, the inscription of which is in Latin. 
 
 Rev. John Wiswall, Rector of St. Paul's C l^'almouth, 
 
 (now Portland,) Maine. 
 
 Wm. WiiiLis. Esq., in his laborious and accurate edition of ^ulllh's Jo rnal, page 
 150, note 1, gives an account of this gentlemen, from which I extract it portion 
 which relates to him up to the time of his leaving the country; "Mr. Wiswall was 
 born in Boston, the son of John Wiswall who kept the Grammar School there. He 
 graduated at Harvard College in 1719, and pursued the study of Divinity as a Con- 
 gregationalist, in v/hich order he was settled over the new Casco parish in Falmouth 
 in 175G. In 1761, he married Mary Minot, of Brunswick, daughter of John Minot, 
 
A r 1' E M) 1 X . 
 
 319 
 
 aftcrwariN Jiidnc of the Court of Common Plrus, by wliom he liad Hovcral cliildron. 
 In 17<*l hu chiinm'd liis rrlinious viewH. and iK'tcptcd the invitation of the KpiHco- 
 pali.inN on the Neck, wlui had Jutit UAtahiiHlii d tl\e tlrst Kplticoiial Soeicty which 
 exiitti'd in town, und inuncdiately wont to Kn^land to rpceivo ordinatiun. 'I'he Kamo 
 yeur iiis Society ore cted u Ciuireh for him on the enrnrr of (.'hiirch r.nd Middli- Sir ets, 
 whicti was coinph-ted the next year. Mr. W'iHwall ri^tnrned in May, 17'>''i, and eon- 
 tinucd to preach to liin pco|)le, rcspcetahle in number and eliaraeter, till the breaking 
 out of the devolution, wlien liis ehnrcli was burned, and his Hock, who were j;entrally 
 opposed to tiie separation from the Motlier ('ouiitry, were scattered abroad." 
 
 Jlev. Suniucl Peters, in a hotter dated London, AugUNt 7lli. 17H'), says : " I'oor Wis- 
 wall has been in the West Indies three yenrs, in the sliip Uoyne." Two years after 
 this a letter from Hnnhind, says ; " Mr. Wiswall is at a curacy in Sull'olk, where his 
 cngaj;einent is only for a short titnc." The ne.\t year hn arrived at Cornwallis, N. S., 
 havini{ l)een appointed Missionary to that place. He wrote Mr. ISailey, Oct. 1, 17S3; 
 '• This week wc chose our Church otHccrs. Sunday I intend to read in, and then Col. 
 Burbidgc will apply ta the Oovernor for a letter of Induction. * ♦ 1 am desirous 
 that you should be the clergyman to induct mo." Mr. lli.ilcy says, under date of 
 March 2d, 1781 : " I have just returned froui a journey to Cornwallis, undertaken to 
 marry our brother Wiswall, late of Falmouth, to one Mrs. Hutchinson, a worthy wo- 
 man from Mew York, who has been visited, during? the late dissensions, witli a sini<ular 
 and aUcctinf? train of calamities." In a letter to Uev. Ildward Hass, July '_'8th, 17'S4, Mr. 
 Bailey say.s : " VV lien your agreeable and welcome htfer was delivered into my liands.our 
 brother Wiswall was present, himself, his wife, and her youngest daughter, beinp; on a 
 visit to our habitation. This observation will naturally conduct mc to answer your 
 queries respecting that sensible and original L'cnius and his connections. His salary 
 from England is only one hundred pounds sterlin{<, for the Society allow the Mission- 
 aries here the exact sum they formerly had in New England, but then ho has a parson- 
 age, worth one hundred and twenty dollars a year, and a decent hou>e, with fuel. His 
 wife, about forty-eight years of age, is a Refugee from (Carolina) the Jersies. Her 
 fortune has been somewhat singular und very di>trei>sing since the commencement 
 of the late Revolution. Her husband was drowned. One son was kicked to death 
 by a horse. A second lost his life by shipwreck ; an<l the other was hanged by the 
 rebels as he was attempting to visit his parents. She has remaining one son and 
 two daughters, and still possesses about two thousand pounds, the gleanings of a 
 very ample estate. Her daughters have a thousand pounds euch, lately left them by 
 their grandfather in England. She appears to be a very clever woman, is sociable, 
 and so prudent in the management of family affairs, that wc may with propriety apply 
 to her what was heretofore said of Mrs. Weeks, ' She has abundance of saving knowl- 
 edge.' Mr. Wiswall has two sjns, both lieutenants in the navy, the eldest, I'clcg, is 
 at Halifax, and the other, John, has just arrived from Europe." 
 
 Mr. Wiswall left Cornwallis previous to October, 178'.). 
 
 In 17i'S, he was Missionary at Wilmot and Aylesford.* lie died in 1812. 
 
 ' .1'*! 
 
 al, page 
 portion 
 
 ivall was 
 
 re. He 
 a Con- 
 
 almouth 
 Minot, 
 
 Rev. Roger Viets, Rector of St. Andrew's Church, Simsbury, 
 
 Connecticut. 
 
 This gentleman was introduced to Mr. Bailey, by a letter for Rev. Dr. Bylcs, of 
 Halifax, July 5th, 1786, in which he says : "This will be handed you by Mr. Viets, 
 formerly Missionary at Simsbury, but now appointed to Digby." He passed tt'.e sum- 
 mer at his Mission, returning in the autumn to Simsbury. The next year he removed 
 
 * Aikln's Sketch, etc., p. 43. 
 

 m''M 
 
 :'ti ■ 
 
 mi 
 
 m 
 
 U :i f 
 
 320 
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 with his family to JVova Scotia, und entered on the duties of his new Parish. He 
 issued " A Serious Address and Farewell Charge to the Members of the Church of 
 England in Simsbury and the adjacent i)arts," which was printed in Hartford, in 
 1787. He says, in this pamphl.'t : " Having led your devotions almost twenty-eight 
 years, more than twenty-four of which I have been in Holy Orders," etc., and proceeds 
 to give a summary of some o' the statistics of the parish during that time. Among 
 them is, " Baptisms, Adult.', 122; Infants, 1749. From the year 17-59 to the present 
 time, the number of conformists to the Church has increased from 75 to more than 
 280 families, exclusive of '.he many that have emigrated and the few that have aposta- 
 tized." 
 
 In 1789, Mr. Viets published, at Hartford, three sermons preached in Digby during 
 that and the preceding year. The following is part of the dedication prefixed to 
 them : — 
 
 To 
 The Right IIeverend 
 
 The Learned, 
 
 The Pious, 
 The Respected, 
 
 AND 
 
 Respectable 
 KydidncA o/ tJYova ^^coitez, oCc. cCc. dCc. 
 
 These Discourses, 
 etc 
 
 The singularity shown in this dedication by Mr. Viets was, (as it would seem from 
 Mr. Bailey's letters to their mutual acquaintance,) also apparent in some of his other 
 actions. Only one letter of Mr. Viets' to Mr. Bailey has been preserved. It is dated 
 December Itth, 1799, and is occupied with complaints that unauthorized persons 
 solemnized marriages in the neighborhood. It urges Mr. Bailey to proceed legally 
 against such offenders. Mr. Viets died at Digby in 1811, aged seventy-four. 
 
 Dr. Mather Byles, Jr., Rector of Christ Church, Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 The first of Dr. Byles' letters found among Mr, Bailey's papers, is the one notifying 
 Mr. B. of the collection made in England for the benefit of the suffering clergy iu 
 America. An extract from this letter was given on p. 119. Rev. J. W. Weeks writes, 
 Halifax, June Uth, 1780, and says: " Dr Byles goes to him, (i. e.. Col. Rogers,) and 
 after melancholy accounts of his own poverty, begged Rogers to give him the first 
 battalion. Rogers ir-thout any hesitation gave him a warrant. I have not seen him 
 (i. e., Rogers,) since, indeed he is now in gaol, but when I do see him, I am determined 
 to reproach him for his silly and inconsiderate behaviour." About a month after the 
 date of this letter. Dr. Byles wrote Mr. Bailey from the same place, stating that he 
 (Mr. B.,) could probably obtain the chaplaincy of one of the battalions spoken of, if 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 321 
 
 "he were on the spot " to applj' foi'it. * The letter of Dr. Byles, declining the Mission 
 to Annapolis in lavor of Mr. Bailey, has been given on p. 187. 
 
 This was but one evidence of the friendly interest the Doctor took in Mr. B.'s con- 
 cerns, since by his letters from Halifax, during the three following years, it seems that 
 he w;is exerting himself in various ways to procure the full emoluments of the Mission 
 at Annapolis for its incumbent. The son of Dr. Byles says, in a letter, Halifax, jNov. 
 2.5th, 1781 : " I have no intelligence of any moment from my father, except that he 
 has obtained a War ofUoe commission for his Chaplaincy to this gariison, which fixes 
 it for life." The subject of this notice returned to Halifax from England, in May, 
 178.3, where he remained at least till July of the following year, and till " about 1791, 
 when he was appointed to St. .Tohns, N. B."* But Mr. Builey in his letter, JuneGth, 
 1789, congratulates him on his appointment to St. Johns. In February, 1791, lio was 
 at St. Johns, N. B. Tlie last letter from him is dated at the same place, 2.5th August, 
 l'D6. He died at St. JohiiS, in 1814. 
 
 R]^.v. 
 
 BissiiTT, KecLor of Trinity Church, Newport, 
 Tlhode Island. 
 
 Rev. Samuel Peters says, in a letter to Mr. Bailey, dated Pimlico, England, April 
 24th, 1780 : " Mr. Bissett, late of Rhode Island, is appointed to the City of St. 
 Johns, if he gets t';?re before either Scovil or Andrews from Connecticut. One is to 
 abide at St. Croix, the other at Chcdcbucto, near the Gut of Canso, but as Scovil and 
 Andrews liavc petitioned for Chedebucto, perhaps they will be appointed there before 
 Christmas. Mr. Bissett is a very sensible man, a good scliolar and compiler of ser- 
 mons, although too bashful to appear in company, or in the pulpit." In a letter from 
 Rev. William Clark, Halifax, June 2.3d, 17SG, he says : " Rev. Mr. Bissett, wife and 
 family came passengers with mo. Mr. Bissett is appointed Missionaiy at St. Johns." 
 Mr. Bailey says, under date of March 7th, 1788 : " The Rev. Mr. Bissett died lately, 
 at St. Johns." 
 
 Rev. Samuel Peters, D. D., Rector of St. Peter's Church, 
 
 Hebron, Connecticut. 
 
 Several letters from this eccentric Divine to Rev. J. Bailey, are preserved. A num- 
 ber of extracts have been made from them in the preceding Biograpliy. He expected 
 the Bishopric of Nova Scotia, and seems to have taken some pains to inllucnee the 
 clergy there to petition that he might be appointed. 
 
 Rev. William Clark wrote to Mr. Bailey, Digl)y, February 18th, 1781 : " Our friend 
 P., (eters) as well for his own personal qualitications, as for that abundant charity and 
 benevolence, v/hich he has shewn to the alllicted Loyalists of all denominations, for 
 many years, is justly entitled to our esteem and to the notice of Government, as a 
 person proper to fill the Episcopal chair here ; witli this view, I subscribed for him, 
 and also wrote to Dr. Morice my wishes to this purpose. But alas ! wlio shall say to 
 Government, What doest thou ! " Rev. S. Parker writes, Boston, October 10th, 1790 : 
 " Dr. Peters, Bishop elect of Vermont, cannot obtain consecration in England, nor in 
 these States, without a three years antecedent residence." 
 
 Rev. Moses Badger, Itinerant Missionary in the Province of 
 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 Rev. J. Bailey wrote to him at New York, July 1st, 1779. giving him a statement of 
 his sufferings from political persecutions. He also wrote to him at the same place, 
 
 41 
 
 •Alkln'a.«!ietch, &c., p.41. 
 
B^ ' ' 
 
 
 iln 
 
 ili.i ;: 
 
 322 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 August 1st, 1780, stating that he had removed to Annapolis, and acknowledging the 
 receipt of a letter from him. 
 
 Rev. Henry Caner, D. D., Rector of King's Chapel, Boston, 
 
 Massachusetts. 
 
 Rev. S. Peters writes, August 7th, 1780: " Dr. C (ane)r is in Cardiff, Wales, liap- 
 P7 in obscurity and Episcopal neglicts." Rev. Mr. Bailey says, in a letter to a friend, 
 in i781 : '' By letters from London, I was informed that Dr. Caner had retiied with 
 his voung wife to Cardiff, Wak'S." 
 
 Dr. Caner died in England, in 1792, aged 92. 
 
 Rev. John Troutbeck, Assistant Minister of King's Chapel, 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Rev. S. Peters, in writing from London, June 9th, 1779, says; "Poor Troutbeck 
 has been very sick and given over by his Physicians, after which, Nature and Prayers 
 took him out of the power of death, and gave him a new lease of his life." 
 
 Rev. Samuel Chandler, D. D. 
 
 Rev. S. Peters writes, June 4th, 178;5 : " Dr. Chandler sailed for New Jersey, May 
 17th, 1785." 
 
 Rev. John Vardill, of New York, appointed Rector of 
 
 Church, New York, (but did not accept it.) 
 
 J.- 
 
 Rev. S. Peters says, in a letter, June 14th, 1785 : '* Vardill is in Ireland." 
 
 Rev. Isaac Broavn. 
 
 Rev. J. Bailey writes, February 14th, 1784, to Rev. Isaac Brown, at Windsor, N. S. : 
 " I have formerly wrote and received no reply either from you or the Doctor, to whom 
 and his lady be kind enough to remember us." In 1786, Rev. Isaac Brown is inserted 
 in a list of clergy,* as superannuated. Mr. B. is said to liave come from New Jersey .f 
 
 Sergeant. ( Que., Rev. Winwood, of Cambridge, Mass. ?) 
 
 Rev. Samuel Peters, in writing from London, June 9th, 1779, to Rev. J. Wingatc 
 Weeks, at Mr. Thomas Brown's, Halifax, says : " I wish you would send the follow- 
 ing idea to Mr. Sergeant at Boston, viz., his mother died eighteen months ago. and 
 Sergeant is heir to some landed Estate in Beconsfield iu Warwickshire, 2.3 miles from 
 London, reported to be worth near £200 per annum. This information 1 have ob- 
 tained of his sister's daughters, named Ratclilfe and Jennett, No. 3.5, James Street, 
 Oxford Road." Rev. S. Peters, in a letter, dated London, .\ug. 7th, 1780, to Rev. J. 
 Bailey, says : " Sergeant is at Bath, half dead and half alive. Ilis wife is full of 
 spirits." 
 
 Smitu, Capt., (of Plj-mouth, Mass.) Thomas Brown, in writing under date 
 
 Halifax, December 29th, 1779, to Rev. J. Bailey, Cornwallis, gives a description of 
 the loss of the armed ship North, at the mouth of Halifax harbor, December lOth, 
 1779, by which 10.5 out of 170 persons perished. He says: "Capt. Smith, who be- 
 longed to Plymouth in New England, a man who I have been acquainted with sev- 
 
 •Aikln'3 Skctcli, p. 28. 
 
 tibid, p. 39. 
 
 C 
 ^ 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 323 
 
 eral years, was pilot of the North, and supposed to be as v:ell knowing to this harbor 
 as iiny man, had charge of the ship when she was lost, he has left a widow and eight 
 children at Plymouth." 
 
 JoHK McNamahra, (of Pownalborough.) In the records of the town of Pownal- 
 borough is found the following entry : 
 
 " John McNamarra, son of Timothy and Ann MoNamarra, was born Nov. Gth, 1758. 
 
 Recorded March Gth, 1777. 
 
 Edm'd. Buidoe, Town Clerk." 
 
 The above extract relates to a person, who, though of humble origin, so conducted 
 himself during his life as to deserve honorable mention. 
 
 Mr. Bailey says of him when he was discharging the office of the Society's School- 
 master in Annapolis, in 1787: "This schoolmaster is another extraordinary genius. 
 He was born at Kennebcck, and came to live with me about the beginning of the 
 rebellion. 
 
 " And though his nearest relatives were violent rebels, he was so honest, loyal and 
 faithful, as to be employed by the friends of Government in the most critical and 
 dangerous exigencies. He was persecuted, fined and imprisoned, but was, however, 
 happy enough to make his escape with us to Halifax. He has passed through a 
 variety of scenes, and was, about three years ago, appointed the Society's Schoolmaster 
 at Annapolis ; and though he has been connected with characters of every description, 
 he has given universal sadsfaction. He has deservedly the highest reputation for 
 sobriety, diligence, and integrity. He has acquired almost every branch of knowledge, 
 both speculative and practical, and equally excels in arithmetic, astronomy, naviga- 
 gation, geogrnphy, surveying, mensuration, dialing, and other branches of the 
 mechanicks." 
 
 Afterwards Mr. Bailey says : " Mr. McNamarra has expended the whole of his 
 salary, and whatever he received when the school was more advantageous, either in 
 books, mathematical instruments, etc., for the improvement of himself and scholars, 
 or else in charity and the promotion of public designs." 
 
 For a time the subject of this notice held the office of Postmaster in Annapolis, and 
 probably continued as the Society's schoolmaster to the time of his death, which took 
 place in the spring of 1798. Bishop Inglis said in a letter to Mr. Bailey : " I very sin- 
 cerely regret the death of Mr. McNamarra, who was a very worthy useful man. In 
 him the community has sustained a considerable loss." 
 
 For many years Ji. ; n, (as he was familiarly called,) was a member of Mr. Bailey's 
 family. He was firsi tu.ken in the capacity of a servant. But during the compulsory 
 absences of his cn>ployer in the last few years of his residence in Kennebec, this 
 young man was of essential service to the family, and doubtless on more than one 
 occasion prevented their suffering from want of the necessaries of life. Abandoning 
 his native land with Mr. and Mrs. Bailey, he was of no little assistance to them after 
 their arrival in Nova Scotia. This Mr. Bailey states in his letters. That he who had 
 been received into the family in such a subordinate situation, should have had the 
 force of mind to rise above the condition of a mere " hewer of wood and drawer of 
 water," and, availing himself of the opportunities which Mr. Bailey afforded him, 
 should have acquired the amount and variety of information, which his employer sayg 
 he possessed, shows that he could have been no common man. This, with the good- 
 ness of heart which characterized him, is enough to justify the humble effort now 
 made to rescue his memory from oblivion. Tlie high-born and the wealthy have no 
 lack of eulogists, while many who did rot possess these advantages, although much 
 more worthy of praise, are forgotten. In performing the duty attempted in the above 
 notice, a satisfaction is felt, and it is not the less strong because the biographer has 
 
."n^ 
 
 riS.1 
 
 324 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 i, . I! 
 
 Ml 
 
 .M- 
 
 miw 
 
 endeavored to save from oblivion one whose birth and position in life had nothing to 
 allure his efforts. 
 Dk. Johx Calf, (of — 
 
 — .) Rev. J. ISiiilcy writes to him at Major-bigiiyduce, 
 under date of Sept. Gth, 177'.), and says : " You doubtless retain some knowlcdp;c of 
 me from our former acquaintance, and have I presume, heard somethin;^ of my situa- 
 tion and circumstances. * « Beinij; informed that you possess a department in 
 the Garrison, which gives you considerable iufiucnco, I have made this attempt to 
 solicit your interest in case a chaplain should be appointed." Dr. John Calf, of Ips- 
 wich, Mass., married a daughter of Rev. Jcdcdiah Jewett, of Rowley, in 17'^3. In O. 
 Rich's Bibliothcca Americana, p. 291, 13 the following : " The seige of Penobscot by 
 the Rebels, by J. C, Volunteer, London: 1781. The author is supposed to be Mr. 
 John Calcf, agent for the inhabitants of Penobscot, whose name is subscribed to the 
 charts which illustrate the work." 
 
 M0SE.S FoKSTHIt, (of • 
 
 -■) 
 
 Rev. J. Bailey writes to Dr. Bartholomew Sullivan, 
 at New York, under date of Halifax, Sept. — , 177!', and says : " I must beg leave to 
 trouble you again in behalf of the bearer, Mr. Moses Forster, whose situation and cir- 
 cumstances demand both the emotions of humanity and the effusions of benevolence. 
 After having been imprisoned a whole year, and tlicn set at liberty by the Supreme 
 rebel court, he was cruelly hariassed by tlie committee, driven from his family, and 
 upon his return taken out of bed, and conveyed away from a tender wife and eight 
 ehildren 120 miles, confined on board a guiird ship, and then transported to this prov- 
 ince. As he is a stranger in distress, I beg leave to recommend him to your atten- 
 tion, and am confident that your goodness will afford him that assistance and direction 
 which is due to a sufferer in the royal cause." 
 
 RoBAiiT Jenkins. (Que., Robert ?) Rev. J. Bailey, writes to him at St. Johns, 
 Newfoundland, under date of Halifax, Sept. 21th, 1770, and says : " It is about three 
 months since I left the unhappy land of our nativity. * * I have visited New- 
 bury several times since the commencement of the present commotions, and continued 
 days together with (Rev.) Mr. (Edward) Bass. The proceedings of the people are 
 very disagreeable to that worthy gentleman, yet to preserve himself from destruction, 
 he omitted all prayers for the King from the (time of the) declaration of Independ- 
 ency, for which offence the Society (P. G. F. Ps.,) have struck his name from the list 
 of Missionaries." 
 
 Simmons, (of .) Rev. J. Bailey, in writing, under date of November 6th, 
 
 I78O, to Joseph Domett, at Brompton, near London, says: "The refugees in this 
 Provinccare under the influence of melancholy and dejection, the inflexible obstinacy of 
 the rebel powers, the dilatory conduct of the British forces, and the ungenerous treat- 
 ment they meet witli in the regions of New Scotland, have broken the spirits of several 
 worthy persons, among whom I may mention Mr. Simmons, who has left behind him 
 a widow and four children." 
 
 Rev. J. Bailey also wrote to Mr. William Simmons, at Halifax, Nov. 1st, 1770. He 
 says: " It is, I believe, a trite observation, that nothing occasions stronger attach- 
 ment and friendships than suffering in the same cause. In such circumstances we 
 love to mingle together in conversation, etc. etc. "We have not one refugee here 
 except Capt. Campbell, etc. etc." November 30, 177'J, Rev. J. Bailey writes to Mr. 
 Simmons, at Halifax, and says : " You have my grateful acknowledgements for your 
 obliging letter." Another letter was addressed by J. Bailey, Februsry -Ith, 1780, to 
 Mr. William Simmons, at Halifax ; also, May 8, 1780, from the same to the same ; and 
 another letter from the same to the same, Sept. 2, 1780, in which Mr. Bailey speaks 
 of having lately lieard of Mr. Simmons, through a gentleman just arrived in Cornwal- 
 lis. In a letter to T. Brown, October 11, 178:), J. Bailey speaks of receiving a letter 
 from T. Brown, mentioning the " untimely exit " of Mr. Simmons. 
 
i!i 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 825 
 
 70. Ho 
 
 Jonx JoN'F.s, (of Kennebec.) Rev. J. Bailey says, in a letter, February 8th, 1780 
 directed to John Jones, at (iucbec: "Let us flatter ourselves with the pleasing pros- 
 pect of meeting again in the regions of Kennebeck, and if we should not be happy 
 enough to find all our friends remaining after so violent a tempest, yet we that have 
 escaped the general wreck may rejoice in each other's society, and have the pleasure 
 of regarding with contempt those sons of rapine and violence, who drove us from our 
 peaceful habitations, and forced us into the ocean, to contend with rocks, currents, 
 whirlpools, storms and hurricanes." In writing to Mrs. lluth Jones, at Concord, 
 Mass., about the same time, Mr. Bailey says: "I have just received a packet from 
 your consort, Mr. Jones. After passing t!. rough a variety of scenes, he arrived at 
 Lake Champlaiu, and afterwards, by several removes, reached Quebec on the 2!)th of 
 August. His last letters arc dated November 2d."* To a friend in Halifax, Mr. 
 Bailey writes, Ajn-il 18, 1780 : " I take this opportunity to recommend to your favor, 
 Capt. Jones. He is appointed to the command of a company in Jlogers' Battalion. 
 I am persuaded that his active and enterprising genius will be of great service in the 
 department to which he belongs." Mr. Bailey says to another acquaintance: "I 
 send you this by our friend Jones, who is engaged to chastise the rebels. * * * * 
 You must be persuaded that no man is better fitted for tlie service, both in point of 
 knowledge and resolution." In a letter, writicn about the same time, Mr. Bailey 
 says : '" We were happily surprised last week with the company of Capt. Jones, one 
 of our Kennebeck neighbours, who escaped from close imprisonment in Boston last 
 spring. After passing thro\igh a variety of scenes, he was fortunate enough to reach 
 Quebec, where, meeting with the famous Col. Rogers, he is now engaged in the army, 
 and intends to visit his country by way of Penobscot. His capacity is equal to his 
 undertaking." 
 
 John Jones writes to Rev. J. Bailey, from I'ort George, September -Ith, 1780 : " I 
 have had two trips to Kennebeck, one by land, the other in a whaleboat. i irst, by 
 
 land : I went up and down, till I found where to strike. Thought Lest to bring f 
 
 off. The way I proceeded was as follows: I surrounded his house in the morning, 
 very early ; sent two men to rap at the door. On his crying out, ' Who is there ? ' I 
 answered, A friend ! ' A friend to whom ? ' I answered, to the Congress, and we are 
 from George's River with an express, for the enemy has landed fifteen hundred troops 
 and three sliips. He jumped up and came down with his breeches on, lit a candle, 
 and opened the door. We immediately seized him. On his making some noisq, his 
 wife come running down stairs, but soon returned, and put her head out of the cham- 
 ber window, and halloed, murder ! I told her that if she did not hold her tongue, my 
 Indians would scalp her. Away we hauled him into a boat we had prepared, and up 
 the river about a mile above Gardinerston, landed him, and gave him a pair of shoes 
 and stockings, and marched him to Tort George, across the woods, in four days. The 
 whole country was alarmed, and was about six hours after us. In two or three days 
 Rowland (Gushing) came in a flag. In two or three days after, three men eamo in 
 and informed us how matters were. Josei)h Ni)rth has gone to Boston. Bowman 
 keeps a guard every night, and all the people are much frightened. Rowland keeps a 
 guard, and Maj. (Joodwin sleeps every night at the house. Many of our friends have 
 been threatened, but no one is touched or liurt, for great is their fear. Many of the 
 inhabitants don't cut their meadow. All our friends were well, when by water we went 
 and cut out a vessel, and brought her here safe. We also took many others. * « I 
 have had several scoutings since I have been here. Have always got the better of the 
 
 ' Jlr. I'ailc y !ii*n wrdtn to John Join's at llic same flino. He said : " Your Tirotlior .Tnok I.oo, 
 came to Halifax, scmu' time after tlic dispprsion of the rebels . rcnobscct. " This letter was en- 
 closed ill one dirceted to Jonas T.ec, at Concord, Jlass. 
 
 t Col. Charles C asliiug. lie Is here colled by a, uiukiiamo. 
 
lir/ 
 
 
 f 
 
 mi 
 
 '!■ 
 
 
 ^M I: 
 
 320 
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 rebels. Nat. Gardiner is a prisoner with the rebels in Casco gaol. Gushing is going 
 homu to etl'ect his exeliuiiiro and (iardintr's."'* 
 
 Novcniber 6l!.>, 17*), Mr. Bailey writes: "I have had several visits from Capt. 
 Jones, who is a Captain in the army. He is now at Penobscot." In the autumn of 
 1784, Mr. Bailey writes to Governor Wcntworth : " I woukl beg leave to recommend 
 to your notice Mr. Jones, an honest, worthy loyalist, who has lost an ample estate for 
 his attaclmient to His Majesty and the British government. lie is endeavoring to 
 obtain a grant of Grand Mcnan, and is desirous of obtaining your interest and that 
 of Gov. Fanning. I can assure you there is not a person of my dccjuaintance better 
 calculated to improve a wilde'uess country than Mr. Jones. He was formerly princi- 
 pal surveyor to the Plymouth Company, and has made several fine settlements fit 
 Kennebeck before the commencement of the late commotions. "f ^^^- Jones wrote to 
 Mr. Bailey from St. Andrews, April, 1781, at which time Mrs. Jones was with him. 
 Rev. J. Bailey says, in a MS. History, etc. : " When I arrived at St. Andrews, on 
 the river Santa Croix, I found a number of people from Penobscot and elsewhere, 
 forming a settlement. But while Mr. Jones, the surveyor, was employed in laying 
 out their lands, a party of Indians, under tlie direction of one Allen, a notorious rebel, 
 took him prisoner. It is uncertain in what manner they intended to dispose of Mr. 
 Jones. However, the second day of his captivity, he had the good fortune to escape, 
 and to proceed in his business without further interruption." Jones returned to the 
 Kennebec after the Revolution, and resided in what is now the city of Augusta. He 
 was employed in 17'J7 by tlie Proprietors of the Kennebec Purchase, to compile a 
 large map of their property, from previous surveys. Jones died in Augusta. 
 
 Thomas Brown, (of Boston.) Rev. J. Bailey says, in his Journal, under date of 
 Halifax, the day of his arrival there, June 21st, 177!) : " Mr. Kitson kindly offered to 
 conduct us either to Mr. Brown's or Captain Callahan. * * By this time my 
 old generous friend, Mr. Brown, was arrived." 
 
 Rev. J. Bailey, in writing to Miss Sally Weeks at Halifax, under date of Cornwallis, 
 Dec. 7th, 1770, says of one of Thomas Brown's daughters : " I have been acquainted 
 with Becky from her earliest infancy," etc. etc. In a letter to Rev. S. Peters at Lon- 
 don, dated April 27, 1781, he speaks of " our friend Brown, when he formerly resided 
 in Boston." T. Brown failed in his business previous to May 2d, 1780, (see his letter,) 
 and afterwards established a school. Rev. J. Bailey in a letter, November 9th, 1781, to 
 Rev. S. Peters, London, in speaking of Thomas Brown, says : " This poor gentleman 
 is still detained under complaint of his unmerciful creditors. I cannot prevail for his 
 release, though I am his principal creditor." Thomas Brown writes to Mrs. Bailey, 
 Halifax, September 17th, 1702 : " I made a verbal agreement three years ago, to receive 
 one hundred pounds per annum for teaching in this Academy. I have no legal ap- 
 pointment in the school, nor do I know at present whom to demand payment of for 
 my services. I am now almost a cripple. A year ago last January I was suddenly 
 attacked with a severe stroke of the palsy, and have not yet recovered the free use of 
 my right arm, right leg, and my speech." 
 
 Mfii: 
 
 l:i| 
 
 •i ,:'^ 
 
 * In tlie liostcm C.nzettc, of .Inly 24th, 17S0, is the foHowinp Item : " We hoar from I'ownalboro', 
 
 that about Ten Days attn, a I'arty of Tories surrouiuled the House of Cushing, Esij. ; Iliiih 
 
 ShoritV of the County of Lhicoln, in the Night, took him out of Bod, and carried him off to the 
 Enemy." 
 
 tSaliine says, in liis American Loyalists, p. 318, of Moses Gerrish : "After the peneo, he and 
 Tliomas Ross, and one ,Iones,» obtahied License of cccupation of the island of Grand Jionan, New 
 IJrunswIck, and its dependences, and on condition, etc., wore to receive a grant, etc. Tliey com- 
 menced tlic settlement of the Island, and sold several lots in anticipation of their own title, but failed 
 to fullll the conditions, and did not obtain the expected grant. Jones returned to the I'nited States. 
 
 • The subject of the above sketch, as the writer has been assured, by persons who knew the fact. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 327 
 
 Capt. CiiARLrs Callahan, (of Pownalboroush, Me.) The father of this person 
 resided in the town above named, and died there before Mr. Bailey left the country. 
 Capt. Callahan commanded a coasting vessel in the year 1772, and was bound on a 
 foreign voyage, perhaps as master, in October 1774, as appears by llev. J. Bailey's 
 letter to the Venerable Society, of that date, inserted in the Memoir, p. 10.>. lie was 
 at that time one of the Warden's of St. John's Church, Pownalborough. Capt. Cal- 
 lahan, althoufih a loyalist in principle, was not disposed to take any active part in 
 the contest then fj;"inS on between the mother country and her revolted colonies. 
 Nor was he disposed to remove to any place within the jurisdiction of the British. 
 But having; been repeatedly " drafted" to serve in the Provincial army, he became 
 convinced that he was dishonestly dealt with in this matter, and he then determined 
 to defeat the power of his enemies by leaving the country, lie was proscribed and 
 banished by ^Massachusetts in 1778. The next mention of him is in a letter, October 
 lOth, 1778, in wliich Mr. Bailey says: "Capt. Callahan is Captain of a twclvc-gun 
 sloop of war in the King's service." 
 
 In Mr. Pailey's Journal, under date of June 21st, 1779, he inserted the following, 
 which he pioliably obtained from the wife oMhc subject of this notice, at whose house 
 he then was : — 
 
 " The adventures of Capt. Callahan, lie embarked in a small open boat with Mr. 
 Jarvis and Mr. Kitson in the night, and fulling down the [Kennebec] river went 
 on shore to refresh themselves at Mr. Thomas Percy's, and were received by that 
 benevolent and hospitable family with great expressions of friendship. But wlion 
 Capt. Callahan had reached this distance, he began to reflect, and that fondness he 
 retained for his house and possessions, and the extreme tenderness he had for his 
 wife and family, almost tempted him to renounce the princiiiles of reason and loyalty. 
 The thoughts of exposing everything dear and engaging, sadly oppressed his spirits, 
 and sank him into the glooms of despondency. When his companions observed the 
 agitations of his bosom and the atllicfing struggles between duty and affection, they 
 both began, with a degree of fierceness and asperity, to tipraid him for his timidity 
 and want ot resolution, and even proceeded so far as to accuse him of disalfection to 
 His Majesty. This unjust reflection stung him to the very soul, and he replied with 
 a determined spirit, ' No person breathing has greater aversion to the American re- 
 bellion than myself. It is true, I have a prevailing attachment to njy aged parent 
 and beloved wiie, and the thoughts of leaving them unprotected to the malice and 
 cruelty of the miscreants about them tears my very soul in pieces, and if I had been 
 weak enough to return, I would never make any compliance that I could not recon- 
 cile to my conscience But I am now determined to proceed to Halifax, let what will 
 be the consequence !' 
 
 " As soon as the tide served their purpose in the morning they embarked, and kept 
 along shore till they imagined it proper to cross the Bay of Fundy. But they had 
 not proceeded far in this tremendous gulph before the wind began to blow in opposi- 
 tion to the tide, and raised a rough and dangerous sea. This obliged them to alter 
 their course, and to steer quartering over the billows. In this situation Capt. Calla- 
 han kept at the helm for sixteen hours, till at length, being overcome with fatigue, 
 and his spirits entirely exhausted, he, in a manner fainted, gave up the helm, and 
 entrusted the boat to the mercy of the raging seas. During the period of this alarm- 
 ing voyage Mr. Jarvis and Kitson lay in the bottom of the vessel, dying sick, but 
 now perceiving nothing in prospect except speedy death, the latter crawled up and 
 seized the helm, and in a few hours conveyed the boat into a place of security. Capt. 
 Callahan, upon his arrival at Halifax, was received with great attention, admitted 
 upon the list of the King's pilots, and sliortly after advanced to the command of the 
 Gage, in which department he behaved with remarkable courage and fidelity. He 
 quickly became a terror to the Rebels, took a number of their fishing and coasting 
 
 \>i 
 
 ! 
 
 ■li 
 
328 
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 m i 
 
 I 
 
 M'i ': 1! 
 
 i ! 
 
 vessels, and destroyed several of their privateers, fn the summer of 177S the people 
 of jNaskeag, a settlement on the eastern shore of Penobscot liay, hrod upon his boat 
 as they were Roing to take in water, and mortally wounded one of his hands. Hay- 
 ing received this inhiiman provocation he iuinicdiately landed, and burnt all their 
 habitations, to the number of ten or twelve, and drove the barbarous inhabitants into 
 the woods. 1 was at Boston when the news of this exploit rnachod that Metropolis of 
 sedition, and the authorities were so liiglily enraged that two stout privateers were 
 sent to intercept )iim, but they were not fortunate enough to accomplish their design.* 
 " Capt. Callahan, after a considerable run of success, had at length the misfortune 
 to be cast away near the light-house in a terrible storm, the day after last Christmas, 
 by which accident one of his men was killed, and himself wounded in escaping on 
 shore. The rest were saved, tliough some were miserably frozen. Since that calami- 
 tous affair the Captain has been unable to procure the command of another vessel, 
 though he still draws wages as a pilot, and «as now with Capt. Mowat in the expedi- 
 tion against Penobscot." Thomas IJrown writes from Halifax, under date of 2',)th Uo- 
 cember, 1779, to Jlev. J. Bailey, at Cornwallis, and says vliat Capt. Callahan went 
 pilot of the ship North, to Spanish River, and that " Care. Mowat persuaded him to 
 it, with an expectation of taking him in the Albany to Penobscot, when he should 
 return from Spanish liiver, and placing him in an armed vessel of his own fitting out 
 during the winter. * * After sailing from Spanish River they soon parted from 
 several of their fleet in tempestuous weather, and on Thursday, !)th instant, with the 
 ship St. Helena and a brig and snow, arrived safe in Beaver Harbour, about 20 
 leagues eastward of this. * * The ne.xt day, being Friday, they all sailed from 
 Beaver Harbour about 10 o'clock in the morning for H.alifax. During the day, the 
 wi. not being very favourable, and one or two of the fleet being heavy sailing vessels, 
 Capi. Selby was obliged to shorten sail, that they might keep up with him. Towards 
 night a storm seemed to be speedily approaching, which induced him to run for the 
 light-house, and, if possible, to get into harbour that night. About 7 o'clock in the 
 evening they discovered the light-house, but being so near the shore, and the wind 
 increasing, thought they could not weather Sambro Head, and so cast anchor. * * 
 About half past one on Saturday morning the .North fired a gun as a signal in distress, 
 and Mr. Robinson perceived that she had struck upon the rocks, and in a short time 
 saw her fall to pieces. * * ♦ After the ISorth went to pieces numbers of her people 
 swam and floated about the St. Helena and begged for assistance, but they could 
 afford them very little. * * ♦ Only five people belonging to the IVorth escaped 
 with their lives, out of about one hundred and seventy that were on board when she 
 struck. Capt. Smith, who belonged to Plymouth, in New England * * was pilot 
 of the North, and supposed to be as well knowing to this harbour as any man, had 
 charge of the ship when she was lost ; he has left a widow and eight children at Ply- 
 mouth. The last I can hear of poor Callahan is, that he was on the quarter deck 
 with Capt. Selby at the time of the vessel's striking, and, I am told, that he fore- 
 warned them of their approaching danger, but in the time of the general confusion 
 was not attended to. This is the substance of that unhappy affair, as related to me 
 by Mr. Robinson, who was in the St. Helena, and two seamen who escaped from the 
 ISorth. * * I am certain that he (Capt. C.) was the best pilot on board. There 
 was also a good understanding between him and Capt. Smith, the ship's pilot, who 
 was a very worthy, honest man." 
 
 
 
 * Tlie lioston Journal, of Nov. 22d, 1850, contained a letter signed William Reed, dated Naskeag, 
 July 3, 1778, and directed to Col. Jonathan Buck, at I'pnibscot, (.Mving an account of this attack. 
 The lU'lfast .signal noticed this letter, (see Hostou Journal, iJec. lOtli, 1850,) stated that NaskcuK is 
 now called Sedgwick, and suggested that there muiit be a miataku in the date of the letter. But this 
 WAS not 80. 
 
ArrENJ)ix. 
 
 829 
 
 
 Tlie widow oF the rtoccased became a claimant on the British government for part of 
 the ;inio\iiit alloweil by thcin to American Loyalists as a comiieiisation lor tlieir losses. 
 J)iirini; a part of the time, after the death of her husband, she resided with llev. Ja- 
 cob ]j:dley, at Annapolis. In I'l^- she lived in Ilalifa.x. Two years after the f:um 
 and buildini^s in I'owualboroui^h, abandonel by Capt. Callahan, were unoccupied and 
 rapidly deteriorating. Mrs. C. returned to the United States during that"j'car, but in 
 n few month) afterwards was residing with llcv. Mr. Bailey, at Annajxilis. Kcpeatcd 
 applications were made to the Commissioners appointed for examining the claims of 
 American Loyalists, for compensation to Mrs. Callahan, and she received t to sterling 
 annually from the British government during her life. Her farm and buildings came 
 into her possession. She returned to Pownalborough about 1790, where she resided 
 till her death, which took place in 1810. 
 
 In llev, J. Bailey's Journal, under date of June 21st, 1779, he writes the following : 
 
 " The Adventures of the Turners and John Carlo. 
 
 " In the beginning of May, 1778, Thom.vs Tlkxi:u, James Tuhneii, Cookson, their 
 brother-in-law, and Joirx and Mautin Caui.o, two brothers, set out on foot, with a 
 design of travelling by land to Halifax, in Nova Scotia. 
 
 " They mot with a. prodigious variety of hardships, obstacles and dangers in their 
 journey, not to mention that perpetual dread of detection, which attended their route. 
 At length, meeting with a number of rebel soldiers, they were constrained to enlist, 
 but were honest enough to refuse the money till they should arrive at Machias. How- 
 ever, instead of proceeding directly to the place of rendezvous, they visited the famous 
 Col. JonC'i, and ap])lied to him for advice and direction. 'I'his gentleman provided 
 our adventurers with a boat, in form of a barge, in which they cmbariicd without any 
 knowledge cither of the way, or of navigation. They howrvcr ventured to row along 
 shore, in consequence of some general instructions, and then crossed over, by acci- 
 dent, to Grand Menan, and seeing land at a great distance, they set oiT at daylight, 
 and coiitinned to contend with a boisterous sea till after dark, without arriving at any 
 shore. During all this tedious day, they were obliged to ply the oars with their ut- 
 most strength, till they were iiuite discouraged, and their vigour exhausted, Init know- 
 ing that any relaxation of their struggles would be fatal, they continued tlicir labours 
 without ceasing, till after midnight, when they entered a bay, 'round wliich they dis- 
 covered a large number of settlements. In this situation I'liey were full of anxiety, 
 for being ignorant in what region they had fallen, they were extremely uneasy lest tliis 
 territory belonged to the rebels. But, upon imiuiry, tliey perceived, to their inexpres- 
 sible satisfaction, themselves within the limits of Nova Scotia, and that the town be- 
 fore them was a settlement which belonged to the ancient French inhabitants. Here 
 the inhabitants were kind enough to give them ample refreshment. This place being 
 not far distant from Annapolis, they took the first opportunity of going tiiither, and 
 from thence proceeded by land to Halifax, wliere they got into business. James 
 Turner and Cookson are still in this town ; ihomas Turner and John ( arlo, at I'enob- 
 scot, and Martin Carlo, at Lunenburg." John Jones, writes from Halifax, July lOth, 
 1781, to Rev. J. Bailey: " T. Turner and M. Carlo were taken prisoners at Kcnne- 
 beck, and are gone to Boston, and have got my old berth." Afterwards, in writing 
 from Fort George, Penobscot, March 11th, 1782, to Rev. J. Bailey, the same person 
 says: "Thomas Turner and brother, and Martin Carlo, are gone to live at home in 
 peace." 
 
 Edmund Doiiarty, (formerly of Pownalboro', Me.) Rev. J. Bailey says, in a let- 
 ter to him at Halifax, dated Cornwallis, November 30, 1770 : " You cannot imagine 
 what pleasure it gives me to hear from one of my former parishioners in this strange 
 country. Your letter reminds me of those dear friends we left behind in the pleasant 
 land of our nativity; and, though it is our misfortune to remain in a state of banish- 
 
 42 
 
 ; . 
 
 I 
 

 II!' LI 
 
 330 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 mcnt, ypt, etc. etc. Give our kind regards to your consort and our brother wander- 
 ers, who reside at your houHc." 
 
 Tliomiis Brown, in a letter, dated Halifax, L'ilth December, 17!''.', ^ays ; " Doharty 
 was found out to connive imprudently in the eoncealnient of some deserters from the 
 Virginia and Albany men-of-war, by which means both he and the old fellow (Dr. C. 
 Mayer,) wetc dismissed the (Capt. Spry's) works, but upon examination, the latter 
 was found to be ignorant of the matter, and restored to favor attain, and how the 
 former will support his family, I know not, as his reputation is greatly blasted l)y his 
 foolish conduct." E. Doharty was in Halifax, January 28, 17^1, as appears by his let- 
 ter of that date, to Rev. J. Bailey. The latter says, April IS, 1781 : " Mr. Doliarty 
 and Dr. Mayer are just removed to Penobscot." J. Jones says, Fort George, March 
 11, 1782 : " Doharty has gone out on a cruise." 
 
 Cai'TAIX CoMiis, (of .) llev. J. Bailey says, in a letter to liim at 
 
 Halifax, dated Cornwallis, December Gth, 177'J : " Mr. Brown having informed me of 
 your arrival in this Province, my joy at this agreeable intelligence would not permit 
 me to be silent. » * 1 am convinced that you must feel exquisite satisfaction, 
 ■when you reflect upon your escape from the terrors of tyranny and usurpation, and 
 consider yourself allowed to breathe the air of freedom in a region where mild and 
 legal authority prevails. It is one of the warmest wishes of my heart, that you may 
 procure that countenance and encouragement, which your integrity, your sutferings 
 and your loyalty merit. I fancy you arc able to furnish me with some interesting 
 anecdotes of the eastern country, where I hear you resided some time before your de- 
 parture." In a letter to Mr. Thomas Brown, at Halifax, of same date, Itcv. J. Bailey 
 says : " I am rejoiced to hear that Capt. Combs has been fortunate enough to escape 
 from the llebels. You may regard him as a person of real worth and unshaken integ- 
 rity, who has resisted all the efforts of his countrymen to seduce and subdue him with 
 ama/.ing fortitude, and his honest attachment to the British government is nearly 
 without example." 
 
 JosErii DoMKTTE, (of Boston/lMass.) Rev. J. Railey says, in a letter to him at New 
 York, dated February 11th, 1780 : " You cannot imagine how muuli I sullered on your 
 account, during your imprisonment in Boston. I greatly feared that your constitu- 
 tion would not be able to struggle with such a severe misfortune." Joseph Dometto, 
 in a letter to Rev. J. Bailey, dated " Bron^ptim, near London, August 17th, 1780," 
 says : " Your anxious concern for mc during my cruel pf vseeution, and cordial con- 
 gratulations on my delivery, are proofs oi" .>our benevolence, etc. etc." Mrs. Dometfe 
 was with him. Thomas Oxnard writes to Rev. J. Bailey, at Cornwallis, under date of 
 NewY'ork, December r2th, 1780. Mr. Oxnard says: " Vour friend, Mr. Domette, 
 has got £80 a year from Government, and £90 more, by employment from a friend." 
 
 Rev. Mr. Bailey writes to J. Dometto, at Brompton, near London, under date of 
 November Cth, 1780 ; " I have in keeping the manuscript you committed to my care 
 at the conflagration of Falmouth." Rev. J. Bailey writes to Mr. Joseph Domette, at 
 London, October 31st, 1781 : acknowledging the receipt of a letter from him. Rev. J. 
 Bailey writes to Rev. J. Wiswell, Cornwallis, December 4th, 1781, and says : " I was fa- 
 voured with letters from our brethren Peters and Clark, (then in London,) and one from 
 ^Ip. Domette, who makes the kindest inquiries after your situation and welfare." Rev. 
 J. Bailey writes, June 1.'3, 178.3, to Miss Xye, and says : " I received, yesterday, a 
 largo packet of letters from London, written by Mr. Peters, Mr. Clark, Mr. Domette, 
 and others. The latter is about taking Orders, probably for Digby." Rev. J. Bailey 
 writes, June 2 ), 178-5, to Mr. Joseph Domette, London : " I am much pleased with 
 your intention of entering into Holy Orders, but am distressed to hear, by Col. Fry, 
 that you no longer receive a pension from the Government. * * * my most respect- 
 ful compliments to Mrs. Domette." Nathaniel Coffin writes, August 10th, 1701, to 
 
ill 
 
 A 1' P E N D I X . 
 
 331 
 
 i 
 
 Rev. J. Jiailcy : •' I lately heard from our friend, Mr. Dotncttc. He writes from 
 Axminster, Devonshire, — says lie has ROnc through many scenes of disappointment ; 
 but since, I heard by a friend, that he hud taken Orders, and is settled either in Ireland 
 or Wales." 
 
 Cvi'T. Camphki.t,, (of .) r.cv. J. Bailey, in writing to Joseph Domcttc, at 
 
 New York, under date of Coruwallis, February 11th, 17S0, .says : " Capt.' Campbell, 
 Comiiiamlcr of the garrison in tliis place, is a refuj^oe." In writinia; to Uev. J. W. 
 Weeks, at Halifax, dated Cornwallis, February 21, 1781, Rev. J. Llailey says : " I beg 
 you would take notice of Johnny Campbell, the bearer, ho is a brother refu<;ce, and a 
 favorite." Mi'in. — From a previous letter, it seems ttiat this Johnny Ciimpbell was 
 the son of the above Cai)t. (.'aiiiiibell, and that after havini; been a scholar in JMr. 
 Bailey's family, he was destined to enter the Royal Navy. In a letter to Rev. S. 
 Peters, in London, October b>, 1782, Rev. J. Bailey speaks of Capt. Campbell being 
 second in command of the 8Uli Re^'imcnt, in June, 1780, 
 
 Thomas Roiiii:, (of .) Rev. J. Bailey, in a letter to " Thomas Robie, Esq., 
 
 at Halifax," dated Cornwallis, February '-"Ith, 1780, says : " The same spirit which 
 pushes men in the land of our nativity to commence Committee men, etc. etc., in 
 these regions, enj^agcs men of stronfj passions and slender abilities to become preach- 
 ers." Rev. J. Bailey writes, under date of Cornv.'allis, October 23d, to Mr. Robie, at 
 Halifax, in behalf of Mr. Thomas Brown, wlio, it seems, was a debtor to Mr. Robie. 
 Also, in another letter, of same date, to ^Ir. Robie, Mr. B. says : " If you are willing 
 to take my bills, I can immediately transmit you a bill of 1'12 10, which was due in 
 September." 
 
 JosEi'H Pattkx, (of .) Rev. William Clark writes to Rev. J. Bailey, at 
 
 , under date of London, December 2J, 1770, and says ; " Joseph Patten, Esq., 
 
 (formerly an active man in that Mi .sion,* and Representallvc for tliat County,) I think 
 you must know, inasmuch as he once told me that he had for a while attended your 
 ministry when he lived in the Eastern Country. I want to know whether ho be living, 
 and what part he takes in alTuirs, ptih/ick and jmrochutl, etc. I wrote him by Mr. 
 (Rev. J. W.,) Weeks.' (This letter is directed to Joseph Patten, Esq., Granville, 
 N. S., and is dated London, March 2.3d, 1770.) 
 
 Majoii Rogkus, (of .) Rev. J. Bailey writes to Maj. Samuel Goodwin, 
 
 at Pownalboro', under date of September 3J, 1779, and says : " The famous, now Col., 
 but once Major Rogers, is raising two or three Ijattalions of men to range the Eastern 
 Country, etc etc." This was probably Maj. Robert Rogers, of Acw Hampshire, of 
 whom an interesting account is given in " Sabine's American Loyalists, p. o7G, s. s. 
 
 Dq-wlino, (of 
 
 .) John Jones writes. Fort George, Penobscot, May 
 
 12, 1782, to Rev. J. Bailey. " Mr. Dowling, and a number of our refugees, have been 
 to ^Marblehead in order to cut out a twenty-gun ship. They were discovered when on 
 shore, and part went and cut out a shalloj) at noonday, and got in safe. Mr. Dow- 
 ling, Towns and Dickey, and others, went out of town at noonday to Boston undis- 
 covered, and then got on board of some vessel, oame to Kcnncbcck, and got here safe, 
 except one or two who stopped a few days with their friends." 
 
 CuMMiNC.s, (of IloUis, N. H.) Rev. J. Bailey writes: Annapolis, Dec. 
 
 11th, 1782, to Thomas Brown, at Halifax. " We have two families of refugees in the 
 house, Mr. Cummins, a gentleman from IloUis, New Hampshiic, with a wife and two 
 children from Connecticut ; the other is Mr. McKiiovvii, from Boston, with two negro 
 men, and a free woman of tlie same complexion. " 
 
 * Annapolis Royal. 
 
 HI 
 
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 1 1 
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 332 
 
 A 1' i' K N I) I \ , 
 
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 John McKown, (of Pcmaquid, Mc>.) " Amoiin other (follow HiUUTfrs fiorn New 
 York,) wc have at our liouse one John MrKnown, whoHO fatliur and IriciidM livrd at 
 Pciniuiuivl. I iiiiaKlnc! you must havp soiiiu iic<iuiiintiin((' wiili the family, lln Ih u 
 sociable, honest youni? Kcnllenian, newly manied, anil hin wife fairies at Ni'W York." 
 — Uev. J. Uailey'a letter, Jan. lid, 17S3, to Mrs. Callahan, (I'ormtrly of I'own.ilhoi- 
 ough, Me.) 
 
 I'ouM.VN. llcv. J. Hailey. in wrilinp; to the Society, 1*. <i., October 28, 178t, 
 
 speaks of " Mr. Forman, the iJrincijKil Hclmolmastcr in I)i-'by, N. S." lie calls liini 
 "a Ilefiigce and an h.ilf-ij^iy olticcr," and narrates his elfbrts to jinnnote a i)ro|ier ob- 
 Bcrvane(M)f tlie Lord's Day, by «sseniblinK his pupils for divine serviec on tliat day. 
 These were joined by tlic scholars of other schools in the town, and afterwards by 
 many adults. These cll'orts, Mr. Bailey sa)s, produced a salutary tifeet. 
 
 Col. (Pktku?) I'uv, (of .Salem, Mass.) Tiev. J. Uailey writes to Uev. S. I'arki r, 
 July 1, 178), and speaks of intelliyenec received from J'^nnland " by Col. Fiy, foi- 
 nierly of .Salem, who," he says, " resides in my family." In writing to Jlev. S. Peters, 
 at London, June 20, l^H"), he aiknowledi^'es the receipt of letters Ironi him, and sajs ; 
 " Col. Fry, the bearer, takes up his residence under my roof." Uev. J. Uailey says, 
 August ](i, 178'5, to Rev. Edward Hass : " Col. Fry, late of iSalem, left Fondoii on the 
 first of May, and now resides at my house." I'cter Fry writes, Halifax, N. S., May 
 22<1, 1780, to Uev. J. Uailey . " I would assist you in this matter, but nm obliged to 
 leave this part of the world for New Foundland." 
 
 William Gaudinku. Rev. J. Uailey writes to Rev. J. W. "Weeks, of Marlile- 
 head, under date of I'ownalbnrouj^h, October lOth, 1777: "We have had two Tory 
 Courts. In the former they condemned Mr. AV'illiam < iardiner." R(>v. J. Uiiiley writes 
 also to Rev. Edward Uass, jScwburyport, Sei)t. 'Jlst, 1777 ; " 1 write this l)y Mr. (iind- 
 incr, who is condemned in a most extraordinary manner for transportation." To 
 John Weeks, Esq., of Greenland, A. II,, Mr. Uailey also writes, Vown.ilborough, 
 Sept. 22d, 1777 : " I have committed this letter to the care of Mr. Gardiner, who has 
 been tried and condemned without being allowed the benefit of the liw, and is now 
 on his journey to Boston, where he will be coniined on board a guard ship, unless the 
 sentence shall be reversed." Also to Rev. Dr. Uyles : " Pownalborough, October 
 10, 1777. I must refer to the bearer, Mr. Gardiner, for particulars. Ho is a 
 true loyalist, and has from the Ijcginning oi)posed the American measures. No man 
 among us has done more, according to his abilities, to support the distressed friends 
 of government." To Dr. Silvester Gardiner, at London, Rev. J. Uailey writes, Hali- 
 fax, July 2!)th, 1779, and says: " The malice of Gushing and Uowman has been rest- 
 less and furious, both against me and your son. After long attendance Mr. (iardiner 
 obtained leave to visit you at York, but was unhappy enough to find that you had 
 sailed for England. He then returned to Kennebcck, from whence he was driven in 
 April last, but returned June 1st." 
 
 Wallace. Thomas Brown writes, Halifax, Feb. Kith, 1780 : " A man lately 
 
 died with the smallpox at liis (Ed. Doherty's) liouse, in Halifax, who had the dis- 
 temper as bad, I suppose, as any man ever had it. His name was Wallace, ;i refugee 
 from New England, a man of good character, who lodged at his liouse, and was [ler- 
 suadcd to be innoculatcd by a Hessian doctor, and, I believe, lost his life ly that 
 means." 
 
 Nathaniel GAnDiXF.ii, (of Pownalborough.) Rev. J. Bailey writes, Pownal- 
 borough, Oct. 13, 1777, to Mr. Thomas Brown, at : " The bearer, Mr. NathT 
 
 Gardiner, kinsman to Dr. Gardiner, I can recommend as a steady friend to Government. 
 He has greatly distinguished himself l)y using both his influence and fortune for the 
 support of those who have been persecuted and distressed, &c. &c." John Jones writes, 
 
 
Al'riiM)I\. 
 
 ;3;j3 
 
 under tliito of FortOrorpto, I'cnoliscot, Sppt.ttli, 17f<t>, to Rev. J. Ilailry.at Cnriovallis: 
 " iNiil . (iiiidiiK r is II [nisoiKT with tlie rcluls in Cisco kuuI." 'J'Iids. Ilrouii in a littiT, 
 Halifax, -Sciit. 13, 1780, to Ruv. J. Hailcy, iit Cornw.illis, «iiys ; " Niith'l (Jardincr, in at- 
 t('Mi|itlii!,' to K'-'t lip Honii! iron, liclon^iii^? to Iho r(tl)(.'l wri'ckn," (iit I'fnobsi'ot,) " wuh 
 iiiiliK^kily niadn a jiriNonrr, and in now in SuU-m ( ? ) Rttol. His family is at I'cnolj- 
 Boot." Xntlianitl (iardiiur writes from I'ort (norHi", I'l'noljsrot, .laiiiiary 'Jlsl, 1781, to 
 licv, J. UaiUy, at (JornwallJs, and says : " In May last 1 suih d from Niw York in 
 tho armed Hcliooncr Ooldcn I'ippin, whicli I had the honour to coiiiiiiiuid, and arrived 
 Hafc lit this ])ort after a sliorl passa),'c with my family, dcsi'^'nitii,' upon ii cruise as 
 Koon as 1 euuld ship u proper ciew, but lindin:; hands scarce, and lieinj; advised to go 
 up Penobscot Kiver, (liy Commodore Mowat,) was unfortunately liken t)y a party of 
 rdiels, (being a detachment of (Jen'l Wadsworth's rebels.) 'Ihey immediately pro- 
 ceeded with nic to IJrunswick, (on New Meadow's Itiver,) where I was taken out of 
 said vessel l)y John llol)by, John Wood, Heujiimin Lcmmon, and a number of other 
 rebi Is unknown, vvlio carried me to said Lemmon's !i(ui:<e, and kept me luubr a strong 
 guard ail ni^ht. In tho nioriiin<j; I was marched to Duinmer Sewall's, for oiilcrs, wlio 
 never examiiu'd nic a word, but j^ave orders for my niaridilii'^ to Casco ^"lal in irons. 
 Tlu'si! orders were complied with, and I was marihed down to Mepheli Samson's to 
 have iny irons on, where I was met by a crowd of miscreants, from whom I received 
 nbundanoe of insults and menaces, hardly to be borne with, and in about an hour set 
 out for Casco. Arrived at IJniiiswick, at ."stone's, in the evening, niucli fatigued. I 
 was put into a chamber, where four men guarded ine tlic whole niglit. with tho door 
 locked, and in bed in irons. The ne.\t morning early set out for Falmouth, where wo 
 arrived about sunset. In my way I was carried to the gallows, and told that that 
 was my place. I was delivered to one Joseph Prime, then Commanding ('ilicer at 
 I'almouth ; and after searching my pockets, and taking from me my Commission and 
 instructions from the Court of Admiralty, thrust me into gaol, where I had neither 
 bed, blanket, or anything to lay on but the oak plank floor, with the heiids of spikes an 
 inch high, and so thick together I could not lay down clear of them. Neither victuals 
 nor drink ordered me, and a strong guard set at the prison, in which I lay five days. 
 My son brought mo some money, or I must have died from such cruel treatment as 1 
 received at their hands. I arrived at Casco prison tho 2'.)th day of June, 1780, and 
 was indicted for High Treason the latter part of the first week in July following, as 
 you will see Ijy tlic enclosed copy. I employed Mr. Lowell and Mr. Bradbury for my 
 counsel, who wore threatened by the mobility at the Court House door for undertak- 
 ing for a Tory. At length, by the interest and influence of my two attorneys, the 
 case was continued to next term. I tarried in prison four months, during which 
 time they never allowed mu the value of a paper dollar to cat or drink, but what I 
 paid for as I had it. After they robbed mo of clothes, and even my pocket-book, they 
 
 told the (,'aolcr if I could not support myself I might die and be . At length I 
 
 found means to break the prison and make my escape." 
 
 In a letter from the same to the same, from satiic place, dated March 12tli, 1781, he 
 says : " I hiwe tho pleasure to inform you that Sally is married to Mr. Rogers, tho 
 Commissary of this garrison. Doctor Coflin was very kind to me while in prison, and 
 desires to bo remembered to you. I left Ridley in Casco gaol when I left it, for Tory- 
 ism, but, I am informed, he is since gone homo." Nathaniel (iardiner writes to Rev. J. 
 Bailey, Cornwallis, under date Fort George, Penobscot, March 28th, 17SI ; " I send 
 you a copy of my Indictment, in order to let you know the determination of the Reb- 
 els, while in their power, with insults and irons for four months, without anything 
 to oat or drink, and at last broke gaol and made my escape. Indeed, I am not able 
 to describe to you my sutlerings. They have robbed me of all I had, and reduced me 
 to the lowest ebb. I am in no way of doing anything at present." 
 
 Rev. J. Uailey, in answering the above, April 17, 1781, says: "I determine to 
 
 m: 
 
 I 
 
 % 
 
M'' 
 
 334 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 i' 1 
 
 transmit a copy of your indictment to Mr. Domette and Mr. Lydo, who have -loosid- 
 crablc influence with soiuc Icadinp; gentlemen. * * I .shall have strong liiduce- 
 innnts to do tliis, both from motives of sympathy and gratitude, for the many favours 
 we formerly received from your generosity have laid us under pressing obligations to 
 make the most sensible returns in our power." In writing to George Lyde, at London, 
 under date of April .'{ ), 17^1, Rev. J. Bailey says : " r.I>-. Nathaniel Gardiner was for- 
 merly a Justice in the cohiny of llhode Island, but lately an inhabitant of Pownal- 
 borough, on the Kennebec Ulver. * * After being cruelly harrassed and plundered, 
 he escaped from the dominions of revolt, and through various obstructions arrived in 
 safety at New York." 11. B. Brown, in writing to Rev. J. Bailey, Halifax, June 29th, 
 17S3, speaks of the proposed abandonment of Fort George, Penobscot, by the British, 
 He continues : " some of the inhabitants intend for Port Ruseway, others for Passa- 
 mai|iioddy. Mr. Ciardiner and family are for the former. He has been over there 
 lately with a load of boards, and has drawn his lot." Rev. J. Bailey wrote to N. 
 Gardiner, July 2Gth, 1784 : "I am anxious to hear in what manner you proceed at 
 Port Roscway, and wlietner you are in love with the name, Shelburne ?" 
 
 Cii.vuLEsTowx.* Rev. J. Bailey writes, C'ornwallis, Sept. Gth, 1781, to Rev. 
 
 J. W. Weeks : " I am favoured with your letter by Charlestown, who has often trans- 
 ported us over the river of rebellio , when we resided at Cambridge." 
 
 Du. James Trri'ini, (of Pownalboro'.) This gentleman resided at Pownalboro', at 
 least from August 21th, 1772, till June 8th. 177o, as during the time embraced between 
 these two dates entries are made in Rev. J. Bailey's Journal of their exchanging 
 visits at their respective houses. In September, 177!), Mr. Bailey writes to him at 
 Newport. R. I., and speaks of "our friends in that quarter, " n aning Pownalboro', 
 which he had just before mentioned. 
 
 In a letter from Fort George, May 12th, 1782, it is said : " Dr. Tupper is here, and 
 gives me the news from that ([uarter.f He has lived at home with his father in peace 
 for a long time." Rev. J. Bailey writes June h'.th, 1787, to Peter Hunter, Es(i., Sec- 
 retary to the Commissioners, &c., at St. John, N. B. : "I raclosed tc your direction, 
 some time ago, a certificate respecting Jlrs. Rebecca Callahan, but as I am uncertain 
 whether you ever received it, I would beg leave to transmit another by Dr. Tupper, a 
 gentleman with whom 1 have long been acquainted. lie was High Sherill under His 
 Majesty. I knuw him to have been loyal from the beginning of the late revolution, 
 and that he has suffered several severe imprisonments for his adherence to the Royal 
 cause." This application probably proved unsuccessful, as the subject of this notice 
 returned to A'antucket, where he died. 
 
 Benjamin Snow. Mr. Bailey says of this person, that " he made his escape to An- 
 napolis in 1781." In a letter to the Venerable Society, Oct., 1782, Mr. Bailey writes ; 
 " The school at Annapolis has been supplied for a year past by Mr. Benjamin Snow, 
 who received his education at Dartmouth College and was expelled from New Eng- 
 land for his loyalty." Rev. Dr. Morice in his reply to this eommuniiation in January 
 of the following year, says: "The Society have complied with all your reciuests. 
 They have a])pointcd Mr. Benjamin Snow their schoolmaster at Annapolis, with the 
 usual salary of ten Pounds, ctunmencing on Michaelmas last." In the spring of 1783 
 Mr. Bailey wrote to the subject of this notice at St. Johns, i\. B., to which place he 
 had then removed. December 10th, I'iS'), Mr. Bailey wrote to Rev. Mr. Cook, at the 
 above-named place : " I am persuaded that Mr. Snow is in very narrow circumstances," 
 
 •This may have boon a nickname yivcn to an iiuiivWiial well liuuwu to Mr. ISailoy anil Mr. 
 Wcclvs. 
 t I'robaWy Nantucket. 
 
• I.C 
 
 ATPENDIX. 
 
 335 
 
 k 
 
 •ToirN Lee, (of Concord. Mass.) October, 1777, Mr. T3ailpy says ■. " Mr. Lccis cap- 
 tain of a company in New York." To John Jones, I'cb. S, IJiSO: " Your brother, 
 Jack I.eo, came to Ilalifa.x, soon after tlie dispersion of the reliels at Penoljseot, and 
 was fre<iuently at my honse. He informed ns that his brother had reached .\cw York 
 in safety. lie had been in a ))rivatcer with .\at. Gardiner, and afterwards returned 
 to JVnobscot, and then came to Halifax in the Nantilus." And in a letter written 
 about the same time to Mr. Jonas Lee, at Concord, Mass., Mr. Bailey says ; " Your 
 brother Jack was frequently at my house in Septsmbcr last, but where he is at pres- 
 ent I am uncertain." 
 
 
 -.) lie embarked with the British army for 
 
 Cai'taix Antill Gallop, (of — 
 ILilifax in 1770. 
 
 Mr. Biiley says, September loth, 1781: " Capt. Gallop, my particular friend, left 
 Newbury, (Mass.) within this fortnight, and is now at Windsor." 
 
 Thomas Brown writes, Halifax, September loth, of the same year : " Our friend Gal- 
 lop has been very unfortunate in his affairs, havin;^ been captured by a rebel ship, car- 
 ried to G\iadaloupe, whence he took pass.ige for Xewljiiry, and lately arrived here, in 
 a cartel from Portsmouth." Captain Gallop was at Windsor, X. S., in the following 
 JNovcmber, as appears from the copy of a letter addressed to him tliere. 
 
 Mr. Bailey writes to him, August \'), 17S-, and says : '' In the cvrning I received a 
 visit from Captain Baxter and his son. They inform me that you had been endowed 
 with a grant of one thousand acres of land upon .St. Joiiu's. This intelligence has 
 excited me to petition for indulgence of the same nature. Our good friend. Captain 
 Baxter, is desirous of having me settle with tluiu, and, in that case, I should be en- 
 titled to a thousand acres as the first minister." 
 
 The subject of th's notice was at Windsor, N. S., October - Jth, 17S2, and at Parrs- 
 borough, July 10th, 17!S(j. 
 
 Williams.* Mr. Bailey says in a let or, April 1st, 17S3 : " The bearer, 
 
 Mr. Vv'illiams, was formerly an eminent lawyer in New England, but w«e expelled for 
 his aversion to rebellion." 
 
 James RooEUS. Mr. Bailey writes to him September 2d, 1782, and says : "When 
 did you receive any intelligence from Mrs. Rogers, your little son, and our friends at 
 Penobscot ? " 
 
 Another letter from Mr. Bailey, July 26th, 1784, was addressed to J. Rogers, at 
 Shelburne, N S. 
 
 Simon Baxter, (of New Ilampsliirc.) In writing to Joseph Domette, then in Eng- 
 land, under date of October 17th, 1782, Mr. Ilailey says " A few days ago I was 
 favoured with a visit from Capt. Baxter, formerly a fellow prisoner with you in Boston." 
 
 Captain > Baxter says in a letter: " Cunnab eni*. Feb. lOth, 1783, I am settled 
 with my family on the promised land, and am doing very well." 
 
 ,) embarked at Boston with the British army, 
 
 Bartholemew Sullivan, (of — 
 for Halifax, in 177(1. 
 
 Kev. J. Bailey wrote to him at New York, July Gth, 1779 : also, to the same place, 
 August 1 1th of the same year, giving him an account of the situation of Gen. McLean, 
 at Tenobscdt In a letter, Augtist, 1780, to Bartholemew Sullivan, at A'ew York, Mr. 
 Bailey ackm wledges the receipt of a letter fro: i him. Mr. Bailey also wrote, July 
 2Gth, 1781, to Mr. Sullivan, and said : " We have both passed through a variety of 
 scenes since our last meeting at the hous^ of our old friend, Dr. Gardiner, in Boston." 
 
 * I'crliaps Elijah, of Kecnc, N. H. See Snbinc's Auicrlcan Loyalists, p, 707. 
 
336 
 
 APPKN DIX. 
 
 Hi 
 
 Dn. JoxATiivN- TIicKs, (of Boston, Mass.) Dr, Ilicks was in Pownalhorough at vn- 
 rious times during the first six rnontlis of 1771. Mi'. Bailey terms him Dr. Hiclis, " of 
 Boston," though he was solllfd for about two voars iu wliat is now Gardiner, Maine. 
 Mr. Bailey wrote to him, Aup;ust iLlth, 177!^ at Antigua. He also wrote, December 
 22d, 17^", and s\id : " By a letter from your brother last winter, I was informed that 
 you were then well at Antigua." 
 
 Gr.oiiGE Lyde, (of Falmouth, Maine.) This gentleman wrote to Mr. Bailey, Febru- 
 ary 17th, 1778: " 1 purpose to go to (New) York in the first frigate, and from thence 
 to London. Capt. Pote, Mr. 0\nard, and Mr. Simmons, arc all well, and desire their 
 compliments." A letter was addressed to the subject of this notice at ISew York, 
 dated July Sd, 177i', l)y Mr. Bailey, giving him an account of the suHerings which the 
 writer had undergone from political persecutions. T'^ also wrote to him at the same 
 nliice, during the following winter. In this letter he says : " You have a sister mnr 
 tied to an inhal)itant of this town, (Cornwallis,) highly bigotted to princiiib > wlr . 
 conipel'icd us and thousands more, to abandon our beloved homes, and to e.\|M k; an 
 asylum iu distant climes." J. Domette, in u letter from Brompton, near London, Au- 
 gust 17th, 17S0, says : " Jlr. Lyde is well, and, I believe, intends writing." 
 
 Jo)i>r C.VHLivrox, (of Woolwich. Me.) Mr. Bailey says, April 27th, 1781, in a letter 
 to Rev. AVilliam Clark: "As to Mr. Cavlcton, he is one of my old P.irishioners, a 
 man of the highest inte,»rity, tie most undaunted fortitude and inflexilile loyalty. 
 When tlie whole country was rising into sedition and mobs, spreading the terrors of 
 thpir rioting into every region, nothing could shake his firmness, or abate his intre- 
 pidity, and though he was met in a lonely forest by near two hundred men in arms 
 requiring him to sign the solemn league and covenant, or consent to be buried alive, 
 he nobly acquiesced with the latter, and with great resolution assisted in digging his 
 own grave : but finding him still ni moved with their menaces, they allowed him to 
 escape. There were generous spirits among them, swearing that he was a brave fel- 
 low. Ho afterwards concealed in his house, supported and aided in their fiight, several 
 unhappy exiles. He was a friendly benefactor to me and family, and it was from his 
 house we took our departure for Nova Scotia. But I am almost wholly unacquainted 
 ■with his story since that event. It is true, I received a short letter from him a few 
 '^.ays ago, announcinnf his residence at Penobscot." 
 
 April 7th, 1781. Mr. Bailey writes to Thomas Brown, and speaks of having just 
 rtocived letters from Penobscot, "from our old friend, John Carleton." "Mr. 
 Carleton," he continues, " was plundered by the rebels, ana after a variety of adven- 
 tures, reached the British lines in company with several young men of his neighbour- 
 hood. He is regarded as a man of enterprise and activity. A number of my 
 parishioners and aeiiuaint.- nee have lately arrived from the rebel dominions, among 
 the rest, Mr. Benoni (iarduior, son to Nathaniel Gardiner." The following day, in a 
 letter to llov. J. 'i'^'. Weeks, ii is said: "Caileton being talicn by a vessel in the 
 British service, and carried into the above-mentioned port,* was sent in his own 
 schooner, by Cul. Campbell, as n cartel to Boston. But without -'.ny regard to the 
 sanctity of a flag, the rebels seized his vessel, and plundered his effects. He was, 
 however, fortunate enough to escape, and with two or three young fellows, belonging 
 to Woolwich, reached Penobscot in safety, leaving a wife and ten children to the 
 mercy of the incensed rebels." A letter from I'ort George, Penobscot, WTitten about 
 a month later than the foregoing, says : " Carleton is gone in a flag to Kennebeck for 
 some families." 
 
 Mr. Bailey addressed the following to Captain C. It is dated Cornwallis, N. S. 
 April 8th, 1782. " I rccciycd a letter from you last summer, but was prevented from 
 
 * Peno!is''ot. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 337 
 
 making any reply by reason of the rebel boats and plunderers on our coast. I have 
 letters from Peuabscot, but no mention of you. As to what you mentioned concern- 
 ing your return to Kennebeck : it you arc not already there, I would beg leave to 
 reply, that I cannot apprehend it would be prudent for you to put yourself into their 
 power, and to what purpose will be Mr. McCobb's protection, however honest his in- 
 tentions, when there is a power in the governor and his council to apprehend any 
 person they please, and to proceed with him according to martial law. It cannot be 
 denied that, according to their laws, you have been guilty of treason." 
 
 Jackson, (of- 
 
 -.) Rev. J. Bailey wrote to Mr. Jackson at Pownalboro', 
 
 Maine, and said : " Mr. Lee has lately arrived here from New York, and informs me 
 that your brother is at Newport, Rhode Island." 
 
 •Coffin, Dr. 
 
 (of Falmouth, Maine.) In writing to Rev. Mr. Wiswall, April 
 28th, 1781, Mr. Bailey says : " Dr. Coffin still continues at Falmouth, ar inflexillj 
 friend of government." 
 
 Dr. Cassimire Meyer, (of Pownalboro', Maine.) Dr. Meyer accompanied Rev, J. 
 Bailey in his journey to Halifax, in June, 1779. When Mr. B. left that place for 
 Cornwallis, Dr. M. remained behind. He was implicated with Edmund Doharty, in 
 the concealment of deserters from British men-of-war, but was cleared from the charge. 
 (See under E. Doharty.) Mr. Bailey says, April 18th, 1781 : •' Mr. Doharty and Dr. 
 Meyer aro just removed to Penobscot." Mrs. 11. Callahan writes, Pownalboro', Oct. 
 11th, 1789 : " The Meyers are all well. Cassimire has returned, built him a hut on the 
 banks of the Sydney, and lives quite in the hermit's style. The name of the Eastern 
 River is altered by Court to that of Sydney," 
 
 Maj. Samuel Goodwin, (of Pownalboro'.) His agency in promoting the settle- 
 ment of Kennebec has been spoken of. 
 Mr. Bailey says : " Major Goodwin signed an address to Gen. Gage." 
 
 43 
 
 I 
 
II 
 
 338 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 
 ''0- 
 
 ilU 
 
 f . 
 
 LETTERS AND JOURNALS. 
 
 The following letters and journals were not inserted in the 
 Memoir. But as they appear to contain much that is worthy 
 of being preserved, they are placed in the Appendix. 
 
 PowNALHORo', April 8th, 1763. 
 To Dr. S. Gardiner, Boston. 
 
 » * As to Cobbosee,* I am sorry to find some of the greatest bigots there in the 
 land a'jainst the Church of England. I was lately among them to preach a lecture, 
 but the people excused themselves from attending, and desired that I would visit them 
 on a Sunday. I however preached at Capt. Howard'8,t and had a considerable con- 
 gregation of the upper settlers. » * « 
 
 PoAVNALBOBO', March 10th, 17G6. 
 To Rev. IT. Caner, Boston. 
 
 * « I have had more avocations abroad this winter than ever, on the business of 
 my Mission, and have been several journeys of twenty or thirty miles each way, to 
 marry and baptize. 
 
 PowNA.LBono', October 15th, 1766. 
 To Mr. Amos Bailey. 
 
 ♦ * * We have all been alarmed on account of the Indians, and have been 
 obliged to quit our habitations, though there has not the least damage been done by 
 them. 
 
 1767. 
 
 Atujust 1st. At Richmond, at Mr. Nye's. 
 
 2d—Stmday. 80 persons at Church. Contribution, £3 19 6, 0. T. 
 
 3d. Mrs. Silvester here. 
 
 ******* 
 
 I3th. Visit from Mess. Bowdoin's, Pitts' and Reed's families. 
 Idth — tHunday. 82 persons at Church. Contribution, £2 12 0. 
 20th. Married John Row and Hannah Chase. 60 people present. 
 27th. A great quarrel at Frankfort.]: 
 September Tlh. At Richmond, at Deacon Chase's. 
 
 IWi. At Mr. Houdlette's. Married Philip Mayer and Polly Houdletto. Sixty 
 people present. A fine entertainment. 
 2\it. Set out to meet Mr. Weeks, il Lodged at Dr. Moor's. 
 
 * Cobosce-contcc, or Sturgeon Kivev, is the Iiuliaii mimo of ;i utrenm wliieli eiittrs the Kennehoc at 
 the present city of Gardiner. Tlie territory near the junction of the two rivers retained for ii long 
 time tlie name which the Indiana gave to tlic stroain. 
 
 tl'robabiy at fort Western, in tlie present city of Aucusta. 
 
 ifThls was the name of the AVcst Trccinct of PownalMoru', before the territory bcarinR that appel- 
 lation was incorporated. The original name appears to have continued in popular language niiuiy 
 years after the act of incorporation. 
 
 II Rev. J. Wingate Weeks, Rector of St. Michael's Church, Marblchcad. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 339 
 
 At night, came to Mr. 
 
 22d. TraTelled to SkillinRs' (?) with Capt. Berry. 
 
 23rf. Arrived at Ladd's, (?) but saw notliing of Mr. Weeks. 
 Greenwood's and lodged. 
 
 IWt. Travcjllcd with Mr. Greenwood. Arrived at Portsmouth, and slept at Col. 
 Warner's. 
 
 2ol/i. Arrived at Nrwbury, and slept at (Rev.) Mr. Bass's. 
 
 2G//t. Changed horses at Rowley. Arrived at Marblchead. 
 
 27</i — Simdaij. Preached for Mr. Weeks. 
 
 28//i. Mr. Weeks pr >cured for me five dollars. Capt. Walton (?) gave me one. 
 Arrived at Marchas, (Manchester ?) and lodged at my brother's. 
 
 29<A. Rode to Rowley, and there found my old friend Dr. Moore (?). Spent the 
 afternoon at Mrs, Woodman's. 
 
 3;)</i. Rode to Portsmouth. Visited Mr. Browne,* and slept at Col. Warner's. 
 
 October \st. Travelled this day with Dr. Jones, Capt. Lovet, and Capt. Woodman. 
 We all put up at Kimball's. 
 
 2d. Reached Mitchell's about dusk. 
 
 3(/. Reached Dr. Moor's, greatly fatigued. 
 
 Alh. Reached home. 
 
 "ith. Unwell, could not attend a funeral. 
 
 8M. Visited Mr. Lilly, Mr. Iloudlette, Mr. J. Goud, and Mr. P. Mayer. 
 
 Wth — Suiida;/. S') persons at Church. Contribution, IBs. 
 
 V2t/i. Mr. Michels arrived here. 
 
 ISih — Suiidui/. But a few people at Church. 
 
 22(1. Mrs. Bailey and I go to Woolwich. 
 
 23?;. We come from Woolwich, and dine at Mr. Preble's. Afterwards, I go down 
 to Mr. Butler's. 
 
 2ith. At Mr. Butler's and Mr. Moulton's. 
 
 2')th — Sundai/. Preached at Mr. Drummond's.f Baptized two. 
 
 26th. Rode down to Mr. Percy's, b\it got badly lost. 
 
 27''- Returned. Baptized 5 children. 
 
 2Slh. A severe storm of rain and snow. At Dr. Moor's, Visited Mr. Winter.J 
 
 29tli. A violent stormy wind. At Dr. Moor's. 
 
 3Qth. Rodo home. 
 
 3l5^ Travelled in my late excursion 80 miles. 
 
 [The Journals are missing from November 1st, 1767, to April Ist, 1709.] 
 
 1769. 
 
 April 5th — Sunday. Such bad travelling, no service. 
 
 13//(. At Mr. Lilly's.!! Mr- Goad's, Mrs. Patterson's, and Capt. Callahan's. 
 loth. Mr. Duiilap here, at Major Goodwin's. Letters from Boston, 
 I'th. Capt. Callahan crrives here, with a largo packet from Dr. Gardiner, contain- 
 ing a plan of a Church, etc. At Mr. Pochard'b. Baptized Jane Carney. 
 
 18//t. Mrs. Chase here. 
 
 2liit. At Capt. Callahan's, Mr. Goud's, Mr. Ridley's, etc. 
 
 23(/. Rode over to Averill's. Married his daughter Lydia to A. Dunlap.- ' 
 
 
 ♦Hev. Arthur Browne, Hector of Queen's Chapel. 
 
 + In Ucorfe'ctown. 
 
 ;|: I'roliahl.v Hev. Francis Whiter, (Harvard Coll., 176,5,) Pastor of the Second Congregational parisb 
 in Georgetown. 
 
 II Mr. L. was an Englishman. He tauglit a school for a number of years. Contributions were raised 
 for his bemilt, and tliese uuJer his instruction p^iduUxca sum, but the children of the poorwerB 
 taught gratuitously. 
 
 ■^- # 
 
ii 
 
 I ::i 
 
 340 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 2Uh. At Dr. Rice's and Mr. Wood's. Married Nathaniel Rundlett to Lydia 
 
 Laclat (?). 
 2Qlh— Easier Day. Eleven Communicants. 
 21lh. Chose Parish officers. 
 30//i. At Mr. Chase's. 
 
 PowNALBOiio', January 5th, 1771. 
 To Mr. William Gardiner. 
 
 * * We have had a fine winter here, and the people of Gardinerston are at work 
 
 upon the frame of their church. 
 
 [The Journals are missing from May 1st, 1769, to January 1st, 1772.] 
 
 1772. 
 
 January IZth, At Martin Haley's. 
 
 January 25th, 1772. 
 
 To Mr. William Gardiner. 
 
 * * # I am invited to preach at Pond-town,* and other settlements up the 
 river. 
 
 27th. Rode to Woolwich. Baptized William and Margaret, children of William 
 and Eliza Gilmore. 
 
 February 2d — Sunday. 33 persons at Church. Baptized Nathaniel Bailey. Myself 
 and brother, Mrs. Bailey, Eliza Pochard, Capt. Callahan, Mr. Pochard, and Mrs. B. 
 (Sponsors ?) 
 
 3d. Judge Cushingt and Rowland Gushing spend the evening at my house. 
 
 7th. At Mr. Malbone's. 
 
 10^/t. Twenty people here for pews. 
 
 IGth — Sunday. 15 persons at Church. Snow 3 feet 6 inches deep. 
 
 2oth. (Rev.) Mr. WhcelerJ here. 
 
 2dth. Mr. Parsons arrives here. 
 
 March 3d. Mr. Parsons returns for Portsmouth. 
 
 5lh. A most violent snow storm — continues all night. Snow falls to the depth of 
 14 inches. Set off for Georgetown ; obliged to return. 
 
 9th. At Mr. White's. 
 
 17th. John Stain and George Ooud came to cypher. 
 
 April oth — Sunday. 70 persons at Church. Baptized J. Jacqueen. 
 
 6lh. At Mr. H.^rring's funeral. 
 
 2dth. A viol'nt, cold snow storm. 8 people at the choice of Church officers. 
 
 2lst. At Mr. Ridley's and Mr, Lovejoy's. 
 
 'iGth — Si'.nday. 8') pprsons at Church. Baptized Joanna Carney and Samuel Clensy. 
 
 May I'jt/i. Baptized 8 children for Loins. 
 
 2Gth. Baptized Spearing and two children. 
 
 29th. Baptized 3 children for Emerson ; one of them dies suddenly the same day. 
 
 30th. Hannah Eniersnn buried. 
 
 Juno '2(1. At my brothel's. Mr. Gardiner. 
 
 3d. Mrs. Bailey went with me to Cobbosee. 
 
 ith. At Gardinerstown. Six. Indians. 
 
 ♦rond-town inci'idcs the present t<>wtis of Winthrop, Readflcld, and part ot Wayne.— i7is<orj/ of 
 Kennebec Purdiax,: Mo. Hist. Colls., ii. 285, 
 
 t Wllliani CiiHliiiin was the llrst .»«.t..-i' of I'voiiate in Lincoln County. He iifterwards received an 
 appoiiitiiunt Hs ChJv>f Ju^'ioo of skc SitprtiiK- JmlUial Court of Massaeliu.setts. At a later date, 
 Wasiiiiigtvu apihHittcd luta a Jk^le« Of the {ttipreme Court of tho United States. 
 
 i Of O«or8«town. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 341 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 to Lydia 
 
 Contribution, £1 10 0. 
 
 I, 1771. 
 e at work 
 
 1, 1772. 
 8 up the 
 
 "William 
 
 Myself 
 Mrs. B. 
 
 fl 
 
 depth of 
 
 :s. 
 
 1 Clensy. 
 ae day. 
 
 'Jistory of 
 
 lelved an 
 Iter date, 
 
 Qth. Camo home. 
 
 1th — Sunday. 100 persons at Church. 
 
 Vith. At Capt. Twyecross'.* 
 
 I7ih. At Capt. Lovejoy's. Bapti/sed 4 children at McCown's. 
 
 23(1. At Mr. J. Reed's, Mr. Gold's, etc. Esq. Preble, Dr. McKechnie. 
 
 2oth. At Mr. Kendall's. 
 
 26th. At Mr. Doc's. 
 
 2dth. Set off for Falmouth. 
 
 30th. Arrive at Falmoath. 
 
 July 1st. After paying several visits, set off for home, and lodged at Loring's. 
 
 2d. Returned home. 
 
 Gth. Dr. (S.) Gardiner and son here. 
 
 12th — Sunday. iV) persons at Church. .Soales preaches at the Court-house. 
 
 l!)//i — Sunday, do persons at Church, f" rales at the Court-house. 
 
 22d. At Mr. L. Houdlette's. Mr. Gard.ncr here. 
 
 27th. Required by Col. Gushing to qui' my house to M. 
 
 29//j. M. takes possession of this house. 
 
 Auffust 3d. Mr. Springer here. 
 
 5th. A terrible storm of thunder, lightning and rain, for 6 hours. J. Noble's 
 house struck. 
 
 Gth. Went to Gardinerston. Raised their spire. 
 
 8th. At home. Company, Capt. FolTcr and Mr. Baker. 
 
 10th, At Mr. Patterson's. Baptized Joanna Howard. 
 
 13th, Mr. Winter preached at Mr. Kidder's, and baptized 9 persons. 
 
 lith. Mr. Winter and Mr. Winthrop here. 
 
 IGth — Sundai/. Opened the Church at Cobbosee. 80 persons present. Baptized 
 Daniel Tibbetts, John Door, and Joseph Pike, Adults ; and Louisa Fletcher, Theo- 
 dore, Edward and Abiather Tibbetts, and Hannah Warren. 
 
 22d. At Capt. Smith's. 
 
 23d — Sunday. 90 persons at Church. Contribution, £17 0. 
 
 2ilh. At Call's. Baptized children for him. 
 
 2oth, At Capt. Folger's, to visit Mrs. Pratt, sick. 
 
 29th. At Mr. Leure's (?) Baptized his child. 
 
 30th — Sundaij. 92 persons at Church. Contribution, £7 0. 
 
 31*^ Set out with Mrs. Bailey for Boston. Tarried over night at Dr. Moor's. 
 
 September 1st. In company with Mr. Winter. Lodged at Bachman's. 
 
 2d. Lodged at Littlefield's. 
 
 8d, Lodged at York. 
 
 ith. Lodged at JNewbury. 
 
 5th. Arrived at Marblehead. 
 
 Sept. Gth — Sunday. Preached at Marblehead. 
 
 7th. At Marblehead. 
 
 8//i. At Salem. Arrived at Boston, an angry interview with Dr. (S.) Gardiner. 
 
 9th. Met with trouble at the Convention. 
 
 10th. Dined at Dr. Byles' in Charlestown. 
 
 11th, Returned to Marblehead. 
 
 12th. Dined at Mr. Abraham's. 
 
 13th — Sunday, At Marblehead. 
 
 14^/j. Dined at Col. Gallison's. 
 
 •Kobcrt Twyecross c.imeas master of a merchant ship from England to Kennebec. lie married 
 Lydia, daughter of MaJ. S. Goodwin, liy whom lie hud live children. He left the country in time of 
 the Kevolution, and became a Lieutenant in the Koyal Navy. His wife and children went to him iu 
 London. One of them, Stephen K., returned, and married Mary Bailey, and died in Dresden. 
 
 
 V 
 
342 
 
 Ai'PENDiX. 
 
 m. 
 
 :( 
 
 
 t ' 
 
 
 h; 
 
 if 
 
 
 lf3</i. John Weeks here. 
 
 10//i. Went to Boston. Mrs. BaiKy went to Greenland. 
 
 nth. Spent the day chiefly at Churlestown. 
 
 IHth. lleturned in the evening to Marblehcad. 
 
 \W/i. At Salem. Supped at Capt. Webbe's. 
 
 20//t — Sundai/. Preached, but very unwell. 
 
 2lst. Set out from Marblehcad Lodged at Newbury. 
 
 2->d. Third Mrs. 15ailey at North-hill. Lodged at Greenland. 
 
 '2'M. Lodfced at Cape Natick. 
 
 'Mt/t. In eompiiny with Mrs. Perkins, and the Doctor, lodged at Mr. Trask's. 
 
 2ol/t. Lodged at Mr. Springers. 
 
 2Gth. Arrived home witli Mrs. Bailey and her brother, the Doctor. 
 
 Oct Gth. Abroad training. 
 
 mil — i^uiulai/. Disappointed of preaching at Gardinerstown ; preached at homo. 
 
 12th, Four children of Mr. Carney's at school. 
 
 I'dth. Mr. Gardiner lodges here. 
 
 PoAVNALnoitouaH, October 1.5th, 1772. 
 To Rev. iV. W. W/ieeler. 
 
 Rev. Sm ; — I was very sorry not to find you at Boston, and was sadly disappointed 
 in missing an opportunity of seeing you. I sincerely regret your absence from this 
 country, which leaves me wholly exposed to the merciless rage, I will presume to say, 
 of the vilest miscreants on earth. You have doubtless heard that I have been ex- 
 pelled my habitation ; and with a view of preserving the church from destruction I 
 took a lease of the parsonage house for six months. Dr. Gardiner was extremely 
 offended at my proceedings. lie wanted me to engage in a law suit with M., but, in 
 the opinion of good lawyers, fully acquainted with the circumstances, there was 
 hardly a bare probability of success. There is now liberty of redemption till the last 
 of next July, and if the Doctor would compose himself to reason, the atlair might 
 easily be accommodated. But this gentleman was certainly wrong to erect the church 
 and house upon disputed lands, contrary to repeated remonstrances. At Convention 
 I had a most melancholy time. The Doctor made his complaint against me to the 
 clergy, accused me of sacrilege, and, if I understand the matter, endeavoured to ob- 
 tain their interest against me with the Society. Two or three gentlemen were very 
 severe against me, and an equal number were in my favour. At length the matter 
 dropped without any representation of the affair to the Society. I reckon myself under 
 peculiar obligations to Mr. Troutbeck and Mr. Winslow. I am sorry, however, I took 
 a lease, though my intentions were for the best. I believe it would have been better 
 if I had wholly quitted the house and refused to commence a lawsuit about the mat- 
 ter ; and if all should now be accommodated I am in a very bad situation, having 
 already expended near a year's salary, and must be a slave to my successor. 
 
 21st. At Goodwin's. All sick with the measles. 
 
 [Extract from a communication by Mr. Bailey to one of the Boston newspapers, No- 
 vember 2il, 1'12 : — ] 
 
 " The western part of this town is separated from Wiscassett by a tract of unculti- 
 vated land seven or eight miles over, and was chiefly settled by foreign Protestants, 
 mostly French, about twenty years ago, in the neighborhood of which, at that time, 
 resided a Romish Missionary, from Canada, who labored to seduce the people both 
 from their religion and the English interest. His design being perceived, and to pre- 
 vent their children from being perverted, they luiitcd in a petition, setting forth those 
 facts, to the Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts, requesting that 
 a Missionary of the Church of England might be appointed to reside among them. 
 
 ■1 • 
 I 
 
 I -;: I 
 i : J. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 343 
 
 The Socioty, in consideration of their thrngcr, and in compassion to their extreme 
 poverty, granted their petition, and have ever since supplied Ihcm both with a Minis- 
 ter, a number of IJibles, and many pious tracts. It must be evident that no ol)jection 
 can be advanced against supporting a Mission in that remote and necessitous part of 
 the country ; and the ingenious Ur. Mayhew, well known to be no friend to the 
 Church or the Society, acknowledges that their conduct in this instance merits the 
 highest applause. 
 
 Nov. Wi. At Nantucket.* 
 
 8th — Sundai/. 77 persons at Church. Contribution £3 Ss. 
 
 IWi. At Col. Cushing's. 
 
 I7//I. At Mr. Twing's. 
 
 Dec, 3rcl — Than/csr/iving Day. 33 persons at th'-'rch. Preached at night at Love- 
 joy's, 34 persons present. 
 
 Glh — Sunday. G persons present. At night baptized four children of Cleave- 
 land's. (?) 
 
 loth. At Capt. Twyecross'. 
 
 PowNALBOROUGH, November 7th, 1772. 
 To Rci). J. Wingaie IVeeka, Marblehead. 
 
 Deau Sir: — I have received your letter and the bundle you sent from Marblehead, 
 but hear nothing of the other by way of Newmarket. You have doubtless seen the 
 pieces signed "Probus" and "Detector." Mr. B. and his companion keep them 
 very private, and, I believe, would never have exposed them among the people here 
 had not Callahan opened the matter. These gentlemen declare, without any reserve, 
 that " Probus " is Dr. Caner, and they scruple not to call him a liar. It is imagined 
 that " Detector " is Col. C, with the assistance of Bowman. But whoever is the au- 
 thor, it is a composition of tlie most open and notorious falsehoods. He asserts that 
 '• our first inhabitants emigrated from Frankfort." Now before a single per>on knew 
 of these publications I made an exact encjuiry, and found that not a single person 
 came either from Frankfort, or from its jurisdiction. He next declares, that " no 
 French were among them." It might with equal truth be affirmed that all the inhab- 
 itants of Kennebeck are Indians. Again, he makes a mighty parade about a settle- 
 ment began from Dorchester in 17C0. In reply to that, I am certain that only two 
 families of Quakers from Scituatc settled in this place that year. Besides these, 
 three families, two of European Church people, and the other a Quaker, began in 
 November the settlement at Cobbosee-Contee. These are all the peuons who settled 
 in Kennebeck in 1760. What is asserted concerning two parishes on Shcepscot River 
 is equally false, for there is but one, and the old ordained minister so largely support- 
 ed, is blind Prince, whose bearers arc extremely poor, and himself in almost a starving 
 condition. Col. Cushirif; ; is declared, since his arrival from the westward, that had 
 not my attachment to Dr. Gardiner been so great, I should not have had an enemy in 
 Pownalborough, and he hinted that it was yet in my power to secure the friendsliip 
 of every one. This, perhaps, was said for some ensnaring purpose. His opinion and 
 yours, that but few would go to church if they were obliged to contribute to its sup- 
 port, is contrary to my notion of the matter. More, I am persuaded, would be willing 
 to pay towards the church tiian the meeting, but were both to be maintained here by 
 the people, some would certainly turn Quakers to avoid taxes. An exchange with 
 (Rev.) Mr. Badger would be agreeable to me, but I cannot think that there is tlic 
 most distant prospect of his accepting the offer. The affair was mentioned some 
 time ago, and I was mformed that it was disagreeable to my hearers. 
 
 * Four persons from the Island of Nantucket, Mass., purchn.sed a farm in the nortlie.isterly part of 
 Pownalborough, and gave the name of thoh- foniiei' residoncp to their purcliase. 
 
»>. 
 
 Ill 
 
 344 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 December ISth. • * * I cannot avoid mentioning the extraordinary generosity of 
 our people. We have not bought any kind of moat since we came home, and yet 
 have been plentifully supplied. Besides meal, butter, and a ^reat plenty of vege- 
 tables, Mrs. Bailey says wo have meat enough to last us a mouth. Scarce a family 
 have failed to contribute something. 
 
 2r)th — Christmas Day, 32 persons at Church. 
 2,Gth. No ice in the river except a little run. 
 
 3Wi. A fine, clear, warm day. Flies playing about in the fields like summer. 
 Wind S. W. 
 31s^ Scarcely any ice in the river. 
 
 [At the end of this journal are the following names. Some of them are known to 
 have been children at the time, all were young persons. They may have been mem- 
 bers of a fichool which Mr. Bailey taught, or perhaps Catechumens in his parish; 
 Molly Houdlette,* Becky IMye, Becky Emerson.f Sarah Emerson,:}: Hannah Emerson, 
 Peggy McGown.ll Jenny McCJown,^ Molly McGown.H Molly Clensy, Betty Ken- 
 dall,** Mary Carlo.ft Jenny Pochard,:JJ Katy Carlow, Lydia Goodwin, Nancy Good- 
 win, Sally Ridley, nil Charlotte Smith, Molly Carney, Polly Lovejoy,^^^^ Fanny Lovojoy, 
 Sally Andros, Iluthy Carney, Dolly Houdlette,ff Anna C. Iloudlette,*,^* Martin 
 Carlow, George Pochard, William Kendall, Thomas Burns, James Patterson, Amoa 
 Holland, James llidley, John llidley, Francis Ridley.] 
 
 fi;; 
 
 
 '.n : 
 
 
 
 
 J^ i 
 
 ; 
 
 h * 1 
 
 ' i 
 
 
 1773. 
 
 [The Journal for January is missing.] 
 
 PowNALBORo', Feb. 6th, 1773. 
 To Rev. J. Wingate Weeks, Marhkhcad. , 
 
 Dear Sir : — * * ♦ * I should be glad of your resolution of the following 
 case. I lately published a young fellow to Mr. Ridley's daughter immediately after 
 service. Another young woman forbad the banns, alledging that he was under en- 
 gagements to her. The next morning they paid me a visit, and the man acknowl- 
 edged that he had solemnly promised himself to both, and begged that Esther 
 Kendall, the girl present, would release him. She declared herself willing, but was 
 under scruples of conscience on account of her promise, which was in the following 
 words : " I wish I may never enter into the kingdom of heaven if I marry any other 
 man," and desired me to give my opinion. After a long dispute the fellow declared, 
 before witnesses, in favour of the girl's character, and gave his consent that his pub- 
 lishment to her rival might go on, but the next day Mrs. Ridley forbad it again, and 
 the poor fellow was left absolutely destitute, for Esther absolutely refuses to marry 
 him, but imagines herself obliged by her promise to live single all her days. JVow I 
 should be obliged if you would give me your sentiments. 
 
 February 7th — Simday, A storm of snow, 8 inches. No service in church. 
 
 20th. At S. Marson's. 
 
 25th. Baptized Benjamin Lawrence. 
 
 26th. Mr. Gardiner, Dr. McKecknie and Mr. Goodwin. 
 
 
 4/ 
 
 * Married George Mayer. 
 
 II Married Col. Cargill. 
 
 ** Married Paul Beckford. 
 
 III! Married Dr. Tlieobald. 
 
 *»* Married — — Beckford. 
 
 10th, 1853. 
 
 t Married John Stain. 
 
 J Matried Elipl)alet Dudley. 
 
 - Mason. U Married George Mason. 
 
 - White. XX Married Jolin McGown. 
 
 - Dinsmore. 1[1T Married Abraliam Page. 
 Mrs. Beckford \a now living, and was 93 years uf age June 
 
 5 Miirriod ■ 
 tt Married ■ 
 ^^5 Married • 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 345 
 
 March 2d. Han otit tho rhurch land with Mr. Goodwin and Dr. McKccknie. 
 
 .V. liuptizcd Mr. Kendall. 
 
 ijt/i. At Mr. (Jiitciioir.s, (nt IJowdoinham.) 
 
 V>f/i. At John IJiirkur's. 
 
 Utii. liuptizcd llanniih, Joanna, Nathaniel, and Elizabeth Haley. 
 
 liih — Sundai/. Ill people at church. 
 
 ,„ r, , .. . ,.. . TowNALnono', March l.'jth. 1773 
 
 To Rev. J. H ins;nle Wi'cks, Murhh'head, Ma!<s. ' ' 
 
 It is above tluci' m iriths Ninco I have had the pleasure of hearing from you. I 
 " : ',,e no misfortune has befallen you or your lamily. I am very uneasy in my present 
 situation, and what fjives me the Rreafest vexation, is the scandal which was thrown 
 upon mc by Dr. (iardincr, and so readily believed by several of my brethren, who, with- 
 out a proi)cr knowledge of the law, or any aeciuaintanee with the circumstances of adiiirs 
 were disposed to condemn me. in the iirst place it is evident by a standing law of tho 
 Province, (see p. .'{"O,) that no Kpiscopal minister can aliene any liiids or possessions 
 of the Church, without the concurrence of his Wardens and Vestry; and next, if 
 there is any foundation for a law-suit, it must be carried on in their names, which 
 they absolutely refuse, every one declares that he had rather pay his proportion to 
 redeem it; and besides, upon lately ruuniuK "Ut the land by a sworn surveyor, we were 
 able to correct several mistakes. 'J'he land, of which M. gave me a lease, falls without 
 our grant from the I'lymouth Company, and therefore could by no means aflcct our 
 title to the parsonage, then the house is found to stand upon land of which he gave 
 mc no lease, and, to our great satisfaction, we find the church is without the limits of 
 the Major's claim, and with it about thirty-five acres of land, 
 liut to make the matter plain, I have annexed the following scheme : 
 
 / 
 
 / The Cluircli A: 
 
 / land without tho 
 
 Slajor's claim. 
 
 Jvior's hit oil wlilch 
 tliu house stands. 
 
 Xorden's lot, of 
 whicli M. gave me 
 a lease. 
 
 By this you will perceive that, though the church and a pretty lot of land are secure, 
 yet the house is on Goodwin's claim, and further, that by paying the money, we shall 
 have nearly fifty acres more than our grant specifies. 
 
 M. is so chagrined at this discovery, that he is preparing to build a meeting-house, 
 and declares that he will have the parsonage for a dissenting minister. Mr. Ridley, 
 the bearer, determines, if possible, to procure the money for paying off M., and to ob- 
 tain a deed of Goodwin, for which he will offer security. I am certain, as I hinted to 
 you before, that whoever should advance the money and take the house and land for 
 security, would have a fine bargain, for more has been offered for Norden's lot alone, 
 without any house, than M. demands. Ii you could, either by your advice or other- 
 
 44 
 
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 IMAGE EVALUATION 
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 7. 
 
 
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 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 
 Corporation 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREEV 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) «72-4503 
 

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 346 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 wise, assist me in settling this unhappy affair, it would give me extreme satisfaction ; 
 but not having received a single line in answer to a number of letters, I am greatly 
 oppressed with melancholy dejection. 
 
 Far distant from the ploaslnj; scenes of life, 
 
 From all the joys whloli sacred friendships give ; 
 
 Amid tlie sons of malice and of strife, 
 
 AVIiero discord raycs 1 am doomed to live. 
 
 I cannot forbear making some severe reflections upon the conduct of the generous Mr. 
 Hancoclt ; for when we consider that upon Kennelicck there are seven new settlements 
 beside I'ownalboro', extremely poor and destitute of any religious worship, which 
 would have gladly received his bounty ; when we reflect that he has no interest within 
 several miles of this place, and that his offer is received here with general dislike, his 
 generosity cannot proceed from a truly pious and benevolent principle, but from 
 malice to the Church of England, and a violent party s]nvit or opposition to Dr. 
 Gardiner. I am certain from what already appears, that it will throw us into the 
 greatest confusion, and promote a multitude of quarrels. One of their committee men 
 for building their meeting-house, who was esteemed the only conscientious dissenter 
 ;iinong them, now declares himself a churcliman from principle, and lately told mc 
 that if they proceeded, I should be welcome to his rates. 
 
 April 2otk. Baptized Sarah, daughter of James Goud. 
 
 ?Sth. Mr. William Gardiner put me in possession of the parsonage house and land 
 in Pownalborough, by virtue of a power from Major (Joodwir, in the presence of Capt. 
 Merone, John Stain, Peter Pochard, and Christopher Jacqueen. 
 
 May 1st. Married Capt. Ward and Alice Graves. 
 
 2d — Siindai/. 80 people at church. Contribution, 17s. Baptized Sarah, daughter 
 of Louis and Mary lloudlette. 
 
 Ol/i — Sumlay. Uo people at church. Baptized Dolly, Frederick, and Betty Jacqueen. 
 
 IC^tk — Sunilai/. 90 people at church. Contribution £1 10s. 
 
 28</». Mr. Brackett arrived from abroad. 
 
 30//i — Sunday. 110 people at church. Contril)ution fl 19s. 9rf. 
 
 June Sd. . At court. Bid off at vendue Mrs. Brackett's* lot. 
 
 Gth — Sundai/. 100 people at church. Contribution £2 3». 
 
 7tfi. Mr. Brackett returned home. 
 
 10//*. A most severe and violent storm of wind and rain, intermingled with show- 
 ers of hail, continues from 12 at niglit till near 12 in the morning ; does great damage, 
 and blows down an immense number of trees and some buildings. Very cold; wind 
 
 s. i:. 
 
 12/A. Baptized Sarah Pratt. Go up to Gaidinorstown. Arrive at 10 at night. 
 I'M/i — Sunddi/. At Gardinerstown. lOi people at church. Contribution £8 5s. 
 
 Returned after service and baptized Sarah Warren and Molly, and Parker. 
 
 I7//1. (Rev.) Mr. Badger arrives. 
 
 20/A— ^'i«u%. (Rev.) Mr. Bad.'jer preached, P. M. Contribution, £2 16s. 
 
 22(/. (Rev.) Mr. Badger returns home. 
 
 27//j — Sundaij. lO.j persons at church. Contribution for Mr. Lewis, £20 5s, 
 
 3Wi. On board Ca[)t. Callahan. Mr. Hitchins came to board here. 
 
 July 5/h. Baptized two infants. 
 
 7f/i. At Deacon Chase's. He is moving up the river, 
 
 I2t/i. Married George Stilphen and Molly llidley. 
 
 Jtdy Vith. At night a prodigious Aurora. 
 
 20/A. Mr. Gage, from London. 
 
 * Sister of Airs. UoUcf. 
 
APP..^,N2}IX. 
 
 347 
 
 persons at church. 
 
 2lst. Went to Georgetown with Mrs. Bailey. Baptized James, son to James and 
 Susanna Thorn. 
 
 22(1. Hoturned from Georgetown. 
 
 2')lh — Sunday. 100 people at church. Contrihution, £2 10». 
 
 2'ih. Dr. Moor moves from Georp;ctown. 
 
 2!)//(. At Dr. Tapper's and Mr. Kldredse's. 
 
 Aui;i(st 1st — Siiwlui/. Preached at Cobbossee-eontee. IGO 
 Baptized 22. Contribution, £'.). 
 
 Ath. At home. Supped at Maj. Goodwin's with Dr. (S.) Gardiner. 
 
 rnli. Attended Dr. Gi.rdinrr, and dined vith him on Swan Island. 
 
 &h. Baptized Anna Springer. 
 
 12th. IJaptized Betty and Hannah Aland. 
 
 22d — Sunday. In the morning thunder and heavy rain. 34 persons at church. 
 Baptized Peter Pochard ; Godfathers, George Mayer and Christopher Jacqueen ; God- 
 mother, Iloudlette. 
 
 2\nh— Sunday. 132 persons at church. Baptized John Goodwin ; Godfather, Ste- 
 phen Marson. Contribution, £3 V)s. 
 
 30t/i. Set off for Boston in company with Dr. Tupper. Lodged at Stone's. 
 
 3lst. Lodged at Marsh's. 
 
 September Uf. Lodged at Morrell's, in Berwick. 
 
 2d. Lodged at Jo. Brackett's, in Newmarket. 
 
 3d. Arrived at Mr. Badger's, in Haverhill. 
 
 Ml. At Haverhill. 
 
 oth — Sunday. Preached at Almsbury. Contribution, £3 4s. 
 Set out from Haverhill. Lodged at Manchester. 
 
 Gth. 
 
 1th. 
 
 8th. 
 
 Oth. 
 
 lOth. 
 
 Ut/t. 
 
 Beached Marblehead at 10, Boston 8 in the evening. 
 At Convention, 14. Mrs. Bailey arrived by water. 
 At Convention. Dined at Mr. Troutbeck's. 
 Dined with Mrs. Bailey at Dr. Gardiner's. 
 Mrs. Bailey went to Marblehead. 
 I2th— Sunday. Preached in Christ Church, morning ; in King's Chapel in the even- 
 ing. Supped at Dr. Gardiner's. 
 13//(. Rode to Marblehead. 
 Uth. At Mr. Weeks's. 
 
 loth. Visited Mrs. Bourn at her country seat. 
 
 IGth. On Cat Island at the raising of an hospital 80 feet long, 22 feet wide, 3 sto- 
 ries. Present, 80 men. 112 sail in sight. 
 
 nth. At Salem. Visited (Rev.) Mr. McGilchrist. 
 
 I9,lh. At Mr. Weeks's and Capt. Webber's. 
 
 Vdth— Sunday. Mrs. Bailey and I stood for Mr. Weeks's child. 
 
 20</t. Set out for home. Stopped at (Rev.) Mr. Bass's. 
 
 21s<. At Brackett's, in Ne\vmarket. 
 
 22d. Dined at Col. Chadbourne's. Lodged at Kimball's. 
 
 23f/. Lodged at Mitchell's, North Yarmouth. 
 
 24<A. Arrived home about 7 in the evening. 
 
 2Glh— Sunday. 100 people at Church. Contribution, 10s. 
 
 October Ui«. Married Caleb Barker. 
 
 3lst— Sunday. 100 persons at church. Contribution, £1 4s. 
 
 »#• M-7, p r.- 7 n . POWNALBOEOUOH, NoT. Ist, 1773, 
 
 Messrs. Mills ly Ilicks, Boston. 
 
 Gentlexien ;— * ♦ • * I have hitherto employed much of my leisure in writing, 
 without ever venturing to ofier any of my productions to the publick, and I find 
 
 i.J 
 
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 fii ' ,, 
 
 W: 
 
 en; 
 
 ■■ 'f' 
 
 
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 1(1 1 
 
 
 
 .1 _ ,1 
 
 348 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 anionic my papers, almost finished, a spelling-book, upon a different plan from any 
 hitlierto published. I bcf^in witli lessons of one syllable, and then proceed to two, 
 three, &c. Each lesson consists of short, entcrtainin^j; stories, single, or dialo;^ucs 
 suitable to the capacity of children, and calculated to instruct tiiem in some important 
 parts of their duty. After a short sketch of natural history, and a variety of useful 
 observations, I have added a short system of morals, with familiar examples, a com- 
 pend of geography, and a number of curious tables. It may be contained in ten or 
 twelve fihects. If you imagine it would be acceptable to the publick please favor me 
 with p, line l-y Capt. Callahan. 
 
 rowx.VTjtdiio', Nov. 1st. 1773. 
 To Mrs. Sitsanna Renkin, Fore Street, vear the Drawhridi/e, Jiuston. 
 
 Madam : — We shall be extremely obliged if you would get Mrs. to make si.x 
 
 yards of fringe for our pulpit . We have got very handsome tassels and therefore 
 
 shall not want any. If you could have it done by next trip, I will procure sorue per- 
 son to call upon you for it with the money. 
 
 Aovember 2d. Married Samuel Marson and Jenny Millar. 
 
 lAth — Sunday. 80 persons at church. Contribution, IG», Baptized Francis StU- 
 phen. 
 I7th. Mr. Gardiner, Mr. Hazard, and Dr. Hicks here. 
 2oth. Married George Mayer and Molly Iloudlettc. 
 
 Pow.VALiiORo', Nov. 26th, 1773. 
 To Messrs. Mills and Hicks, lioslon. 
 
 I have been favored witu your letter, and have received one of Bickerstaffs Alma- 
 nacks. They are in so much esteem among us as to prevent the sale of any others. 
 I am sorry to find the eaitcrn road so very incorrect. Several good publick houses 
 are omitted and other inserted which have no existence, besides, the distances are very 
 imperfect. I thought myself perfectly qualified to give a correct account of this 
 road, having travelled it above thirty times ; for this reason, and in compliance with 
 your request, I sent you an exact list of the publick houses, and their distances, from 
 Boston to Quebeck, and, as the road is measured, I could not possibly be mistaken in 
 the latter. But since my letter may have possibly miscarried, I have enclosed another, 
 (if it arrives time enough,) for your Register. At the desire of Mr. Mills I have in- 
 serted an exact account of all the religious societies in this country according to their 
 foundation. 
 
 Gt'orge/oion, Emmerson, Winter; Pownalboro' ; Newcastle, (V.) \a,c&nt; Bristol, 
 McLane; Woolwich, Winship; I'opsham, (P.) vacant; Bodingham, vacant; Gardi- 
 nersion, (E.) vacant; Hallowell, none; Winsloio, none; VassaJhorough, none; IFin- 
 throp, none; Boothhay, Murray ; Broadbay, (L.) Sheffbrd ; St. Georges, vacant; Penob- 
 scot, \a.ca.nt ; Marhias, yacaxit; Goldtborough, \a.ca.nt. 
 
 I would remark that, in the western district of Pownalborough, where I live, there 
 never was any other society except the Episcopal, neither meeting-house nor commu- 
 nicants of any other persuasion. Therefore, to insert a vacancy here would be very 
 wrong. In every other settlement where there is a meeting-house raised, or a body 
 of communicants, but no minister, I have put down " vacant," but in those towns 
 where there is neither I thought it proper to write " none." 
 
 30th. Eight men building a hovel.* 
 
 December Uth. Married Mr. Malbone. 
 
 • In the early period of the settlement poverty prcvontcd the erection of framed and boarded 
 barns. Instead of these four walls of lugs were raised, which were roofed often times only with 
 bark. Sucb buUdings were called " hovels." 
 
 I' 
 
 1 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 349 
 
 PowxALiioao', Doc. 18th, 1773. 
 To Mr. Amos lialhy, {at .) 
 
 Dkak Buoriir.ii:— * # * » We have a man, one Carter, in jail for the 
 murder of Josiah Parker. The prisoner has no chance for his life. It is very remark- 
 able that wo have had five or six murders committed upon Keimebeck river since my 
 residence here, and that neither the murderers nor the persons killed ever frequented 
 any Divine Worship. 
 
 2o</i — C/tristmas. A storm of wind and rain ; snow all gone, and ice breaks up. 30 
 persons at church. Dr. Moor and wife, my brother and wife, G. Mayor and wife, and 
 Gookin here at dinner. 
 
 At the end of the Journal for this year the followina; names are inserted. Sarah 
 Emerson, Betsey Nyo, Lazarus Goud, Mary lloudlette, William Kendall, George 
 Clensy, Mrs. II. Bailey, Esther Kendall, Betty Goodwin, James Goud, Molly Paris, 
 Sally Kidley, Polly Lovejoy, Lydia Goodwin, Mrs. Mary lloudlette, Charlotte Smith. 
 
 1774. 
 
 January I5l/i. Andrew buried. 
 
 IGlh—SuwIas/. 50 persons at church. Baptized Stephen Nymphas Twyecross and 
 David Person Bailey. 
 
 I7//1. Married Daniel Dudley and Susy Densmore. 
 
 Fi'bruaryUt. Set out for a journey up river. Lodged at Mr. Gardiner's. Baptized 
 William Gardiner Warren. 
 
 2d. At Esq. Howard's. Lodged at John GatchcU's. At Mr. Iloby's, Potty's, and 
 Fort Halifax. 
 
 .V. Accompanied by Dr. McKecknie five miles ; arrived at Deacon Chase's a little 
 before dark. 
 
 4lh. Went up to Mr. Ilcywood's. Saw several Indians. 
 
 5th. Visited the Indians, Capt. Out's, and several of the new settlers. 
 
 Ftbruani Gth—SKudni/. 40 persons present. Baptized Eliza Pratt, Benja. Noble, 
 Priscilla Emery and Joanna Malbonc. 
 
 7</i. Rode to Mr. Betty's. Baptized Sarah Spencer, Amos Pochard, Abigail, Mary, 
 Isaac, and Charles Pechin, and Mary and Martha Collar. 
 
 Wi. At Esq. Howard's, Mr. Gardiner's. Baptized Enis, aged 128 (? ) and John, 
 Thomas, Polly, Matthew, and Nelly Gaslin. 
 
 9th. At home. 
 
 21s/. Committee meeting. 
 
 23rf. At Capt. Calla'aan's. Met Dr. Ilicks, from Boston. 
 
 23th. Open Andrew's grave. Find his body gone.* Present, 12 persons. 
 
 March 3d. Rode to Mr. Gardiner's. 
 
 March ith. At Mr. Hankerson's and Cowen's. Baptized Polly and James Cowen. 
 Lodged at Mr. Gardiner's. 
 
 5th. Arrived home. 
 
 6th— Sunday. Cloudy, and heavy rain. 70 persons at church. Contribution, (is. 
 
 April 2d. Baptized Thomas Brian. Crossed on the ice. 
 
 12//j. Ice breaks up in the Kennebcck, 
 
 I3th. At night. Bodfish and Mercy Goodwin come to be married, but refused. 
 
 14//j — Fast Day. 30 persons at church. 
 
 2lth — Sunday. 100 persons at church. Contribution, I6s. 
 
 28</i. This day Peter Nephew and his wife Jenny ran away. 
 
 AJay 7th. (Rev.) Mr. Weeks and Mr. Ward arrive here. 
 
 * A negro slave of Mqjor S. GooUwin. Ills body wai lued for the purposea of anatomy. 
 
li 
 
 111 
 
 ) t 
 
 r 
 
 » .' ' ' 
 
 350 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 [Hh. On board Capt. Callahan. Throe vessels in the eddy, loading at Dr. Moor's. 
 
 Uth. (Rev.) ISIr. Weeks sets oil" home. 
 
 I'Mh. Mrs. Bailey delivered of a daughter, about 8 in the morning. 
 
 22(1 — Sunday. 100 persons at church. Contribution, £1, 2, 6. Baptized Mary 
 Bailey. 
 
 SOIh. The child dies about daylight. 
 
 31»^ The child buried ; .'{!> persons at the funeral. 
 
 June int/i. Mr. Gardiner's boy, Jo, suddenly killed. (Rev.) Dr. Sheftbrd* and an- 
 other stranger. 
 
 lC)tli. Baptized Margaret Patterson, diui^htor of P. Call. 
 
 ISt/i. Rode down to Georgetown. Lodged at Mr. Drummond's. 
 
 19</i. Baptized Patrick Drummond, Mary Pcchlin (?j, Hannah Ilallowell Rogers, 
 and Elija Williams. 
 
 2nth. Rode home. 
 
 2-'>th — Sum/a;/. 120 persons at church. Contribution, £2, 17, 0. 
 
 Jti!'/ 'Ht/i — Sioidai/. Showers. Warm and muggy weather. 30 persons at church. 
 Baptized James Carney. 
 
 Aust'sl 1st. Baptized Jane Nephew. 
 
 lOt/i. At Cobbosec-contee. 
 
 2dlh. Abroad ; brought home 12 sheep. 
 
 iieptember 'th. Set off with Dr. Tupper, for Boston. Lodged at Stone's. Insulted 
 the next morning. 
 
 8//t. Lodged at Milliken's. Ill treated. 
 
 9</». Lodged at York. 
 
 10//i. Dined at Col. Warner's. Lodged at J. Weeks'. 
 
 Sfjitember lUlt — Su7)day. Lodged at Newbury. The country all in commotion. 
 
 12^^. Arrived at Marblehead. 
 
 13</». Reached Boston about sunset. 
 
 Uth. Convention Sermon preached by Mr. Seargent. 
 
 l')th. Dined at (Rev.) Mr. Walter's. 
 
 IGth. Rode to Marblehead. 
 
 I7th — Sunday. Preached at Marblehead. Baptized 3 children. 
 
 mh. At Salem. 
 
 Idth. Bound homeward. Lodged at North-hill. 
 
 20th. Dined at J. Weeks'. Lodged at York. 
 
 21«^ Lodged at Falmouth. 
 
 22rf. Lodged at Mrs. Loring's. 
 
 23f/. Mobbed at Brunswick. Got home at night. Mr. Gardiner at my house. 
 
 26//i. Abroad. Fled from the mob. Lodged at George Mayer's. 
 
 27th. At George Mtiyer's. 
 
 2Sth. Returned home. 
 
 29th, Stephen Marson buried. 
 
 To 
 
 PowNALBORo', October — , 1774. 
 
 Dear Sir : — We have been in the greatest confusion and distress imaginable, oc- 
 casioned by continual mobs and insurrections. The day before my arrival at Fa'- 
 mouth, five hundred men in arms had been to visit Mr. Tyng, who was mobbed a few 
 days before, at North Y'armouth. The country was in such a violent commotion, that 
 
 I, i; 
 
 » A Lutheran minister, settled, nt that time, nt Broadbay, now WaldoborouKh. After Mr. Bailey 
 left rowniaU)orou«li, Dr. .Shefl'ord Avas sent for and baptized the children of Oeorgo and AI. J. Al»yer, 
 membora of the congregation of St. John's Church. 
 
I ' 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 351 
 
 my friends advised mc not to lods;c nt a publick house. The nest day, beinR Friday, 
 Col. Cushinpt returninp; hoiup, w;is surromidtd by twenty-five nun in arins in the mid- 
 dle of the woods. They called him a Tory, and demanded a surrender of his 
 
 commission. He assured them that he had taken none under the iirescnt govern- 
 ment, and after distributing money among them, he was sull'ered to escape. The next 
 day, about noon, I was stopped at Stone's, in Brunswick, and accused of being a 
 Tory, and an enemy to my country. They urged mc to sign, and upon my refusal, 
 protested they would visit me and Col. Gushing the following week. I arrived at 
 Pownalboro' aliout dark, where I found the people in great consternation. A furious 
 mob at Cicorgetown were running about in search of tea, and compelling people, by 
 force of arms, to sign the solemn league. Another was raging up the river, within 
 twelve miles. They had already destroyed one hundred and fifty pounds of tea for 
 Esq. Ilussey, and thrown his hay into the river. Mr. (iardiner had tied from their 
 fury, and tarried with us all night, expecting every moment to be attacked, as Love- 
 joy had already invited them among us, and threatened the utmost vengeance upon 
 me, Ridley, Maj Goodwin, etc. Mr. Gardiner returned after service, but was obliged 
 to fly that evening, and escape to ]?ost(in. About midnight, one hundred and fifty 
 men, armed with guns and various weapons, surrounded his house, demanded a sight 
 of him, and insisted upon searching for tea. Mr. Ila/ard, a gentleman from llhodo 
 Island, entered into a parley with their leaders, and they firmly engaged that none, 
 except five chosen men, should enter into the hcmse ; but they (|uickly broke their 
 engagements, rushed in, rifled the house, broke open his desk, and perused his pa))er3, 
 and after being treated with several gallons of rum, they stole Mr. Hazard's buckles, 
 and then in(iuired for Mr. Jones, the surveyor. They insisted upon his signing the 
 covenant, upon which he stripped open his bosom, and told them tliey might stab him 
 to the heart, but nothing should induce him to sign that accursed instrument. They 
 seized him with violence and threw him headlong into the river, and then dragged him 
 about till he was almost torn to pieces, but all to no purpose. Tliey at length desisted, 
 and, having drank several gallons of rum, began to quarrel, and had a violent battle 
 among themselves. Several remained dead drunk, and the remainder returned to 
 their habitations. The other mob from Georgetown, Brunswick, etc., threatened to 
 demolish the jail, and to throw the town-house into the river, but first they directed 
 their course to Witchcassett, headed by .'^an>. Thompson, the Brunswick representa- 
 tive. In their route, they offered violence to several persons. Having compelled one 
 Hobby, a store-keeper, to sign the league, some of them, offended at certain ex- 
 pressions he let fall, returned and almost demolished him. They seized Capt. Carle- 
 ton, of Woolwich, and, having prepared a coflin, commanded him to dig his own 
 grave; but after all their threatenings, he escaped without signing the covenant. 
 They assu"'ted Mr. Wood on Monday morning, but he, having nearly one hundred 
 men, with several pieces of cannon, prepared for his defence, and they were obliged 
 to keep at a distance. A treaty was concluded cowards evening between the parties, 
 when the libertines solemnly engaged to make no further attempts till the next day. 
 With this assurance Mr. Wood dismissed his men, which being known to the assail- 
 ants, they came in the night and carried olf the cannon, and in the morning fired them 
 upon Mr. Wood, without any damage, iiowever. Mr. Wood might have easily dis- 
 persed them after all, but hearing that five hundred men were upon their marcli, and 
 expected that a groat deal of blood must be shed, he gave them a paper of his own 
 drawinjf up. They then proceeded to visit Judge Rice and Mr. Moor, the minister, 
 who, after haranguing them to little purpose for some time, were obliged to promise 
 a compliance with the Congress. On Tuesday evening they arrived at Frankfort, 
 (the Court sitting.) Twill refer you to Mrs. Bailey's letter for an account of their 
 proceedings here, and only remark, that their rage was chiefly directed against Bow- 
 man, Maj. Goodwin, Ridley, and myself, because, as they alledged, from the instiga- 
 
352 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 V yr 
 
 .^^' 
 
 tion of Lovpjoy, that wo opposed the solemn league. Their behavior was !i true mix- 
 ture of comedy and traf^edy. Besides the mischief they did, near three hundred men 
 were supported for a weelt together, at the expense of their niMRhbors. We are daily 
 threatened v.'ith another invasion. Nothing can equal the false und ridiculous stories 
 which prevail in these parts. 
 
 PowNALiiouo', November 1st, 1771. 
 To Dr. S. Gardiner. 
 
 Sill : — I must entreat you to send eight thousand of shingle nails, if you charge 
 them to my account, and a thousand of ten-penny. It is inipossiltlc to live in this 
 house unless it is covered, and the chamber over the kitchen finished. 1 have, at 
 present, only one small room for the family, and the chamber over it for lodgings, in 
 which we are obliged to have three beds, so that I have no convenience at all for study. 
 If you look into my account, you will find tiiut I was charged with all thi! shingle 
 nails you sent two years ago, and, in short, Capt. Callahan and I have found all the 
 nails for the parsonage-house at our own expense. I am sensible that we cannot rea- 
 sonably expect anything further from you, after what you have already done, but 
 what can I do ? Both the church and house are considerably indebted to me, and I 
 must either suffer or expend more. 
 
 November lOM. Went to Georgetown. Lodged at Mr. Butler's. 
 
 Wth. Baptized Catherine and Thomas Percy, Hannah Porterfie'd, Sarah and James 
 Todd, Perkins, (?) Eleanor and Thomas Ilogan, Jane Stevens, Elizabeth and Rebecca 
 ijnelling' Malcom, and William Mah.irs (?). 
 
 December 18<A — Sunday. 15 persons at church. Whiting preached at Frankfort. 
 
 March 'IXnt. Married llobert Ilogers and June Grace. Baptized Darling, 
 
 Samuel Meins and James Ward. 
 
 April dth — Sunday. 50 persons at church. Baptized Peter Pochard. 
 
 loth. Baptized Sarah McGown. 
 
 IGth — Sunday. "0 persons at church. Contribution, "s. 
 
 2ith. Assaulted by a ni.mber of ruflians. The news arrives of Col. Percy's defeat. 
 
 25/A. News of the battle of Concord sets the people into a great ferment. 
 
 26<A. (Rev.) Mr. Weeks and family arrive. 
 
 27th. A great uproar, to prevent Mr. Weeks from landing his goods. The Com- 
 mittee grant leave. 
 
 29/A. The people still in commotion. No work done this week. 
 
 30th — Sunday. 80 persons at chiu-ch. Contribution, 12s. 
 
 May 3d. The Committee meet at Frankfort. 
 
 6th. At Dr. Moor's, at Richmond. 
 
 June 20th. Mr. Weeks and Mrs. Dixey. 
 
 [Journal missing for July and August of this year.] 
 
 September 1st. Mr. Weeks sets off for Britain. 
 
 IGth. Married Capt. Ilubbs and Porcas Wilson. 
 
 October 2d. Baptized Margaret Costello. 
 
 Gtk. Mr. Weeks goes on his journey. 
 
 13//J. Set oir for Falmouth. 
 
 lith. Arrived at Falmouth. 
 
 15</» — Sunday. Baptized Charles Hemmingway and Thurlo. 
 
 lG(/j. A fleet of 6 sail come into the harbor. Capt. Mowat declares the destruction 
 of Falmouth. 
 
 18/A. Falmouth laid in ashes. 
 
 20tli — Sunday. 45 persons at church. Baptized A. Ridley. 
 
 November oth— Sunday. 44 persons at church. Mr. Weeks arrives in the evening. 
 
 22<l. Mr. Bernard here. 
 
ArrENDix. 
 
 353 
 
 '2^«l. Married Tliomas Dou^Tnoro ami Simnnnuli Wliitmorp, at Hoilinghain. 
 
 '-I//1. IJaplizcd S:inili ll.iimds Ciossinaii. 
 
 Jhcnnbtr I'JIIi. Murricd Willi an Ju-n (?) and ILmiiah Ivinu'slin (?). 
 
 / / 
 
 (i 
 
 Jiiiinarij Will. >rr. Wrrlcs' family roinovo. 
 ;!<i//i. Mr. Wcrks sets out for the Wot. 
 
 Frhnmry Gil,. Mavru.l Mosi's Uudloy and Apphia Slcgpcr (:;. Uapti/cd Dau.l 
 IIuntDon. 
 
 Apn'l IS//). M;inii(l I'dnmnd T)"liarty and Mary Haley. 
 
 2;;</. Married Jtdm W'vUh i:iiil i'.liza IJakcr. 
 
 '2Uh. Biptizcd Klizal.ftli, Hannah and Vlivia BaVcr, adults; Lorana McGrrgor 
 and .lane (Jrare Ward. 
 
 '27//i. Mr. Works t^'oes Westward. 
 
 Mill/ I'fli — ('iniiiii)iful Fust. .'!•') i)ersons at ohurch. 
 
 '2\tli. Ilxanuiicd before the Coniniittce. 
 
 '2i<ili—.<,/n,l„i;. :,■> persons at ehureli. JJaptized Simeon Lawrence. 
 
 L'S//i. J, aid under lionds at |{ri(l,i;e's, 
 
 June Hit. liaptizeil . Jonathan TousierC?). 
 
 (>//(. Mr. Weeks eiobarks. 
 
 .////// 7lh. Haptizrd Sarah and J. Dickson Parks, at Iliehmond. 
 
 2S//(— N((m//y. .-. ) p.TsoMs at eluirch. JJapli/ed John Goud, John Cnrlo, Lazaru.s 
 Goud, and Marfraret Carlo. 
 
 Awiunt '>lh. Jiapti/cd Rebecca Treble. 
 
 (i//i. llodc with Mrs. Bailey to Mr. Butlcr'.s, Georgetown. 
 
 "ilh. At Mr. T. Perey's. 
 
 W//. Baptized Gilmore Percy, for Thomas Ro-ors (?) ; Hannah, for Anna P^ogtrs ; 
 Samuel, for Robert Tliomas ; at Mr. Drunimond's and Williams'. 
 
 Wli. Itodc home. 
 
 Wth—Sunil.i,/. Forbidden to pray for the King. Only dcllTcred a sermon. 
 
 I'lih. Set oif for the A\'cst. Lodu'cd at Prosfs. 
 
 Dined at 'Japt. Pote's. Lodged at Dr. Coffin's. 
 
 Dined at Capt. I'ote's. Rajitizcd Jeremiah Poto Wicr. Lodged at Mr. 
 
 VMh. 
 
 VMh. 
 
 Lyde's 
 
 'Dth. 
 
 Tarried at Mr. Lyde's. Dr. Coffin, T. Oxnard. 
 2\xt. Capt. Mehitabel (?) Oxnard. Lodged at Colo's, at "Wells. 
 2'2(/. Dined at Col. Warner's. Lodged at J, AVeeks'. 
 2;W. Dined i.t unele Jcdin's. Lodged at Mr. Jiass's. 
 Ttlh. Dined at iiowley. Arrived at Marblchead. 
 2.')//(. Preached. Attended a funeral. 
 28//i. At Salem, at Mr. McGilehrist's. 
 t^iphmbcr lut — Siiiiilnij. Preached. 
 2d. Set oil' on my journey. Lodged at Rowley. 
 ',ii/. 'J'arried at Rowley and A'ewbury. 
 'Ilh. Lodged at Greenland. 
 dth. Lodged at Cole's. 
 Gth. Arrived at Mr. Lyde's. 
 nil. At Mr. Lyde's. 
 
 Sth. Baptized children. First heard the news of the defeat of the American army, 
 'Jtli. Visited several places. Arrived at MitcIicU'.s. 
 lOtlt. Arrived home. Visited Georgetown. Buptiiied 11 children. 
 
 fit 
 
I 
 
 I,.! 
 
 •*' 
 
 354 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Ortohir ;»/. IMavrird Mr. Thnmas Tohnsnn to Abigail Oondwin.* 
 2H/.'(, 'IMli. Hi'forc lli<! ("oiiimiitcr f.ii- not nvuliiii? tlic Di'daratiou of IndrpenJcncc, 
 for ]>r.iyiiii; f(ir the kiiii;, and lor preacluiii; a seditious ■sermon. 
 
 hiri/iihir \sl — Siiiiiliii. •')') [ii'imjiis at cliiirch, i'ubli.-slicd •'! coujilcs. 
 
 '2il. Iiodi^iil at Weston's. 
 
 ;i'/. Lod^'ed at .1. PreMo's. 
 
 ■Mil. At Mr. Carlutoii's. Jlapti/cd John Tliorn. 
 
 >')fli. At home. 
 
 Cilh. 15:i])tiz(d, at Mr. Haley's, Hannah D diarty. 
 
 in//i. Mr. .lolinsoii buried. 
 
 \'')tli — Siniiliiy. ]■') ]i(rsoiis atrliureti. 15ai)tized James Hoiidlette. 
 
 ]~//i. -Mr. (i.irdiner arrives I'roiu IJoston. 
 
 I I'hc Journal fur 1777 is missing.] 
 
 1 778. 
 
 Jiinuari/ \st. At Gcnrgp Mayer's. News cnnies that 'NVaslungton kills and takes 
 ir.OO regulars. 
 
 -i/. At Mrs. Jae(iuoen'.s and Mrs. Kendall's. 
 
 ifli — Si/nd'ii/. I5,i])tized Peter, son of (ieorj;e Poehard. 
 
 .S//j. jlode to Mr. Kiehard Turner's. Found his sou 'I'honias sick of a fpvcr. 
 
 \)lli. IJapti/ed Mark Silvester and Mary, children of James and Jlacdiel Turner. 
 Ileturiied home same day. 
 
 II//1 — .'s'k/kAo/. 2> persons at ehnreli. 
 
 ll//t. At home. !Mrs. Kendall, Mrs. Call and Mr. Jarquecn here. 
 
 Fchninnj 'Id. Travelled with Dr. Mayer to Broadbay. Lodged at (Rev.) Dr. (Mar- 
 tin) Shell'ord's. 
 
 :\(!. At Mr. Pawner's at Bristol. 
 
 4^'/. At Capt. Vinal's, Mr. Cremor's, Sprap;ne's, Young's, and Rhode's. B.ipfized 
 Eonjamin and Esther Palmer, David, Alice and Dcliorah Vinal, and Young. 
 
 •'>tli. A snow storm six inches. Attempted to return homo but forced to turn back. 
 
 ;")//). Returned home. 
 
 in//i. At C'arlo's and Johnson's. ]ia])tizc(l Hannah Turner. 
 
 I7/I1. Rode up witii my brother and liis wife to Mr. C'oweu'.s. 
 
 lS//i. M'ent to \Vinthrop. At Mr. 'Whittier's and Stain's. 
 
 V.Uli. At Mr. Waugh's. Baptized George Waugh. Returned to Mr. Cowcn's. 
 
 2()//i. Jieturned home. 
 
 27//1. (Hev.) Dr. (M.) ShelFord, Mr. Ridley and Mr. I'perhind here. 
 
 2Slh. Dr. Moor, Dr. Mayer, a Prussian Doctor and Mr. Carlo here. 
 
 March Villi. Bajjtized Edward Lawrence. 
 
 L'S^/i. Bai)tized William Carney. 
 
 Aiiril 71I1. Mr. Nath'l (iardincr arrives and Mr. Thomas. 
 
 lii//i — Kastir Dinj. TjO persons at church, lo communicants. 
 
 2'V/i. C'hosc the same (Church) olHcers. 
 
 2()rt — Sundiii/. .jfi persons at church. 
 
 [Journals from June 1st to July 18th missing.] 
 
 Jul;/ V.Uh. [Mr. Bailey had started for Boston.] • * * I had now an opportu- 
 nity of hearing from my family, and perceived that they had obtained a little present 
 relief. The wind blowing in dirty si|ualls from the S. W., Capt. Hatch sailed back 
 again to Parker's flats, f where we took a breakfast together, after which I went with 
 
 > U«ughter of Ma], S. Uoodwiit. 
 
 t Just inside the niuuth of Kennebec river. 
 
Al'rENJ)IX, 
 
 
 tho twd f/ardinor's, Mrs, Hatcli niiil Mix. (iinUncr as far as Mr. I'.iitlrr's. Tliis ^-cn- 
 tlcinaii and liis family Ircali il tiic wiili ^riMt allcntinii and iidviM d nir \>y nu niiain to 
 Icavi' till' iiiuntry as it w<jiild Kniiify my iicixi uiois, wlio.^c luiiifipal df.tijjn was to 
 c\[)v\ tho scTviei' (if the Cluircli from the ifnioiis of Kcnm !ifck. After diniiij; I at- 
 toudi'd Capt. Drmiimond to hi^^ liouse, and Lapli/od three ihildrin, onr for Thmiias 
 llonirs, one f(ir Itdlmt, ,ind .iiioliicr fur Mr. liiitiir's n'rvant. We hud here a ^ood 
 ciitdtainnicnt. My fiiiiuls ^cut on Imard several artieles of provisio?i, vi/,, a \aij.c 
 • inarter of veal, two ehce.-is, a smoked .Milmnn, a pound of eod'ei', \c. In the even- 
 ing' 1 returneilon board. Cipt. Vin.d arrived from Hoston, and I'roiiu'ht inteili^'enuc 
 that a French tleet had arrived to as>i,t the Ann rlcan-^. 
 
 ■J 7A. Tlii^ morning \tc heat out to soa Somi' of onr comiiaay sick, esprciallv 
 Pid.y Morion. About sunset we wcie nut more than four leagues fiom the m;iUlh of 
 tlic Konnebcck. Spoke with several ve.^aels, and lir.ud all d.iy a luayy liiin^; at Fil- 
 in()\illi. Towards niorninji, 
 
 21a7, a bree/o fiom the north east, and a fine clear day. We arrived olf Cape Ann 
 about dark. We had an opportunity of takin;.,' several ni iclvcrcl, the lirst I had ever 
 •ecu drawn from the water. 
 
 L'lW. Came to anchor just by Niv's Mate, in Ilroad Sound, in the forenoon. S.iw 
 the Warren under sail, soin;,' out. About three o'clock, the winil and tide favourini,', 
 we sailed up to the Loni,' Wliarf. near a '^'iiard-shii), the sit'ht of those 
 
 disasters which war and r( bi llion had remlercd aide ^avc me a prodigious shock. 
 
 They appeared cond with raf,'e, and exhibited countenances full of d. jeclion and 
 
 melancholy. What an allectinn consideration that such a mullitmh' of active and 
 
 sjiri^htly men should labour under oppression and confinement, should he ed with 
 
 vermin and disease to i^ratify the boundless avarice and amliition of an impious fac- 
 tion ! Uein;,' wholly isjnorant of the situati in of the town, and fearimr that the small- 
 jiox might still prevail, I sent Dr. Mayer with a message to (llev.) Mr. I'arker. lie 
 liresently returned with an invitation from that worthy gentleman, and a ri port that 
 little danger was to be apprehended from the smallixix. About sunset I ecpiipped 
 myself and left the slooji under uncommon dejection of s])irit. I was, however, re- 
 ceived by Mr. I'arker and Ins lady witli the highest tokens of tenderness and friend- 
 ship. They gave a very discouraging detail of puliliek all'airs ; inl'ormcd me that a 
 large Frenidi licet had certainly arrived ; that no armament had come this season 
 from Hritain; and that it was apjirchendcd that the Americans and French, with 
 their united elforts, would be able to expel the forces of the Crown from the Con- 
 tinent. This intelligence e.\cited a train of the most disagreealde sensations, and 
 took away the pleasure I was about to receive from the society and conversation of 
 my friends. 
 
 2.V. [A part of this day's Journal will bo found in the Memoir, p. IIS. It con- 
 tinues:] Dined at ^Slrs. Domett's, where I had the jileasure of seeing Mrs. Collin, 
 and of hearing from my Falmouth friends. We spent the season as agreeably as the 
 situation of publick all'airs and our own circumstances would permit. After dinner re- 
 ceived an invitation to tea from Mrs. Sheaf, where wc found eleven ladies and si.\ or 
 seven gentlemen, some of them Whigs, but of a generous way of thinking; in particu- 
 lar Col. Trumbull, son to the Governor, censured very freely some of the most popu- 
 lar measures, and reflected both upon the Congress and newspapers. From these 
 gentlemen I first learned that the Provincials had gained no yictory over (ieneral 
 Clinton, but were rather worsted in that famous conflict. After tea Mrs. Peggy Sheaf, 
 an agreeable young lady, gave us several tunes upon the guitar, accompanied with 
 . During this interval I had an opportunity of accpiainting Mrs. Sheaf, one of 
 the ladies, with my situation, and when we came to supper 1 perceived that nnjst of 
 the company knew something of my alfaiis, by certain questions about my persccu- 
 
I1 1 
 
 .( 
 
 'i 
 
 
 Al'l'KN 1)1 \ 
 
 I ^ 
 
 tors, andaoiupnsiiuiiati'altciUidii ti) my (•'•iu'itih. The Wlii-^'* having witliUrawr., 
 the rctt uf the ciiia|iaii,v xitt till iiuur twchc, ami were very Hiicialilc and ini'rry. 
 
 •_'l//i. 'I'Diik a Itiiakf.ist about I'lulit with I'lilly .M'llliiii ami Ciijit. 11 ilcli, wlu'ii I wa.i 
 tiitortaiiud with f.(Vcitl si'irit ami iiirious aiii'i (liit( s. Vi.Mlr'l Mis. Dixy in tho 
 inoruin^, and callud on my w u;iin Mrs. Ddiiiitt. Oju l.rwi-,, mailer ul' the I'orts- 
 inoutli, arrlTi's from Ni'iv Ymk, ami nivcis iiit(lli;;cii((' Ihal l.urd llowc had arrived 
 witli sdiiii: twelve NJiips ol the line and twenty trij,Mtes. 'I'lii' nporl in town lal'ore was, 
 that hn had only three )>hi|isot' the line anil I'nur or (Im- Irin.ite*. It was reporti-dat nooii 
 thiit a niunlar of troops had arrived at Newport. Diniil at .Mr. Parker's, in coinjiany 
 with Mr. Warner. Urank tea at .Mr. lla>kin's, ami supped at the same pl.iee. Tiiis 
 (gentleman oliserved lliut the eondnct ol' tlieCinj^Mess in a|iplyiii){ to Franve for aNsist- 
 unee, was similar to the application of ."saul f<i tiie Wiich of Kndor. 
 
 '2')th, Alter eallinK upon several fricndti in the morning dined at Mr. Warner's, 
 where, hesides Mr. Parker and lady, we h.id in eompany one Cajil. I)aTis, a mereiiant. 
 The news said to come exjin ss from (ien'l Snilivan is, that a larj,'e nnmlier of troops 
 had arrived at -Newport, and on the other haml, that the I'rench lleet had taki'n live 
 Uritish men of war, wliieh afterwards proved to he a false rnmor. Tlic Wiii^s soon 
 a( knowledi^ed that only one frigate was taken, and tiiis our and at 
 
 len^,'th to ho in the h.irhour of New York and spent the irenin); at 
 
 Mr. Parker's, in very a^reeahle conversation. 
 
 'J(i//«. This day lieing Sunday, performed J)ivine Service in the mornintf and preach- 
 ed in the afternoon. The weatlier htin;; exeeedin;,'ly hot 1 was ;,'reatly falij,'ued. 
 Spent tie evening at Mr. homett's, in company with .Mr. Ahrahanis. 'liie silualiou 
 of piditieal alt'airs was still so gloomy that we liad full employment to keep each 
 others' spirits from sinkiuij, and to take (Micouraj^emcnt that some h.ippier prospects 
 niinht soon arise. The \\'lii;{s were now ko evtreniely hii<h, and ko very san.i;uine in 
 their expectations of victory and success, that my friends assured me there were little 
 or no hopes of having ■uiy petition ret;arded by the Council in case I should make ap- 
 plication. 
 
 '2'itli. This day dined at Mrs. Dixy's, in comi)any witli a younj^ i;entleman fri)m 
 Virginia, who was euiiiloyed in one of the Continental stores as a writer. Alter giv- 
 ing us several pieces of intelligence, he declared that he hoped and wishrd that tho 
 r'rench fleet would have a d — 1 of a driilihing by the llritons. Towards evening call.?d 
 upon Mr. lla.skius, according to agreement. lie gave me liftcen dollars, and then 
 accompanied mo to Mr. Inman's, ( ? ) where we were cordially received hy that hos- 
 pital)lc and generous couple. "We were joined at supper by Mrs. Collin and her 
 daughter Polly, lioth the mother and daughter appeared very modest, sensible and 
 engaging. I was introiluccd to these ladies by Mrs. Inman and .Mr. Ilaskins a . a 
 distressed brother, audi quickly perceived that Mrs. Colhii had her husband (Mr. 
 M'illiam Collin) and two or three sons in the British service, at New York. Wc 
 heard this evening a rumor that a British fleet had arrived or were near the coast of 
 America. This was some refreshment to our dejected spirits. About eleven tho 
 company brake up, and Mr. Ilaskins and I waited upon the two ladies home. 
 
 28//(. [A part of this day's .lournal will bo found in the Mcmidr, p. ll'.l.] Spent 
 the afternoon and evening abroad; e.'cpress coming in daily with news, reports that 
 si.\ of the Cork licet are taken by the French, and the Wliigs are now elevated above 
 measure, as an e.\i)cdition is going on with the utmost rajjidity against Newport. 
 It is confidently promised that llhode Island, New Y'ork, and Nova Scotia, will ho 
 subdued to the American States before the conclusion of the pv.^''.cnt campaign. 
 
 2'Mh. [The entry under this date will be found in tho Memoir, p. 111).] 
 
 S'Uh. This morning after breakfast went the interest of several gen- 
 
 tlemen belonging to the Council. I waited upon was Mr. Wendell, who was 
 
 a contemporary at College. This gentleman, though he and hnportancc of 
 
ArrLN i»i \ . 
 
 i)')l 
 
 liiiofliiT nilli ovory (lispUiy of mililncss :inil ticnpv 'n\ic. llo readily 
 
 to comii.iSMoiiiitc' lay sitii.itinii inc all llu' us' .i.i.ico in las pinvi r. IIo 
 
 iiski il nil' « 111 tlicr 1 U:ul im ullici tliilirult lis tn imiti'iiil w illi Ijci uU s p.ivcrfy ? I it'iilicd 
 by ri i|ii(>tiin,' '''"' I" >'U««i'st tl'f iiiliiii' (if tliip^ii' ilillit'ultiirt hi- fniu'ciM'il mo to 
 lul)(iiii luulrr. lie iiiiHWi'iiil luf Ih.it lir' iln;l^iIll•ll I must hv tloiilili-il with sumo ill 
 niituit il, iu'tioi.iiit, i'ommitti'''-iinii, or rli^iil m,i;;istriit(s, whu tool; mhitiiaitf of the 
 tiiiics to (li>li("<> iiir. I as.iiiicil him th.U his ronjistiircs wiii- pi'ili'itly right, for iu 
 all |ioli(i(Ml ('ommotiiiii.s the .spirit of iiH!«iiuUiiii(i t'onipulsion was ulwiiys licrcc, savagi', 
 ami crui 1, in inopoitiou to its liistiimi' fntm the ct'Utri', luul hinl coiisiiiilly oliM'rvcil 
 that ill the iMsttrn coiiiitry, whcri' any iliircriricc or hostility -"Ulisistril bitwicu two 
 pi'isoiis, if one of them \N,iS iippointi' I rommittrc-mun the other wouhl he certainly 
 jmni^heil as i\ Tory before the fonehiNioa of the year. Mr. W'emJill replied, '• the 
 only indurenieiit I had to ciiKiiifo !ii these ull'airs was to have it in my power to soften 
 the horrors and to relieve the di>tres.ses which must uilavoidiilily ari'-e to piiticuliir 
 persons in the iiresenl ri volutions." A;'er t.ikiiiK n'.v have of Mr. WindcU 1 wsited 
 Mr. J. I'itts, who tooli iiic liy the hand and in itud me with atlentloii and ceremony, 
 but I prosiiitly perceived th.it his advanci ii'.;;iil had rendered him more still", formal 
 and important, lie was not so familiar and easy as usual. However, after sonii re- 
 spectful compliments, he iiromised to u-" all his inlluenee t i forward my petition. 
 Hi! declared, from the kni>\vledge he h ' if the eastern C" miry, and my conneetious, 
 he was fully convinced that my i-il'ation must oo vny disas^reeable, and my circum- 
 stances e.\trenielv di^trcssiiiL;. 1 found in the c I'.rse of our conversation that he h.'d 
 no fji'-at opinion of llijwniaii, and that ho \\ .s c nscious that some of our mai-isfratca 
 were my enemies on account of my former connections with Dr. (i.udimr. lJri,^ldlcr 
 I'reble w,is the ne.\t counsillor I solicited in n.y allairs. 'I'hc old iji ntlcman, upon 
 my application, suH'crcd a little rnu'^hiiess and ferocity of '; is countena!ice; he de- 
 clared, with an oatii, that he knew my :ntualion to lie very distressing,', and nio 
 his interest in [.roeurin",' the hut then says \ij : " Von must cn- 
 gatte upon your word and honour not to j^ive the enemy any intellifienee of our expe- 
 ditions atjainst Newport and New York. I told him in all jjroliability the staic of 
 these military operations would be ilcteniiiucd before T could possibly ijet ready to 
 dep irt. He then, with a countenance replete with vin'.,eance and fury, and in a voice 
 of thunder, swore a tremendous oath, that the rei'^'u of the old villain, {jcoiire, w'as 
 very short in Ann rica. lie soon returned to my allairs, and told me in a whisper, 
 that if 1 obtained leave to depart he must entrust me with letters to Udifax. " You 
 know," says he, " my son-in-law, 'I'om O.vnard." liel'ore we parted he execrated Tar- 
 son Wiswall in a bitter m.muer. After flnishinj; tliis dis.i^reeable business I dined at 
 Mr. John Uuw's, who ;,'ave a striking instance of the injustice and tyranny of IJrijta- 
 dicr I'reble. Mr. ibiw, a few years jv^o, had lent him a larj,'c sura, if 1 remember rifjht, 
 £700 sterling, to clear a mon,;ai,'e on his estate, no part of which was ever paid until 
 the pre-ent year, when the nu^adier brou].;ht .Mr. How the same nominal simi in pa- 
 per money to discharge his ili bt. The latter made some diliiculty of aoceptiii" it, as 
 it was the seventh part of the real value. 'J'lie otiu r replied that he should take the 
 money, or else be iirocreded iiL'iainst as a convicted Tory and a mortal eneniv to his 
 country. This declaration ([uickly ended the whole dispute. Mr. iiow tonk the mo- 
 ney an<l Rave the IJrigadicr a full discharge. Ail express arrives th;it the French (leet 
 had arrived at Point Judith to assist in the reduction of lUiude Island. Diank tea 
 this evening in company with 3Irs. Sheaf 
 
 'dial. 'Went in the morning to the Court House 
 
 but the President assured me that he would carefully keep my petition, and present 
 
:i 
 
 358 
 
 ATPENDIX. 
 
 it \\\;,iirvcr a favouvaljlo opportunity s!ioiilil occur. Wnilo I wns In f nnvcrsntion vith 
 liiiii upon tlu' sii'ijci't, :iii ■ii>l-(lc-u:iinp from (Jdici.il lIiMtli uiiiciirci',, witli a nicssiif;c 
 to the Council lie ;.;ave i t'orin:ition th.ii a M/. I.rwis, a cicrtjvmiiii. or cliai.lain of 
 a rti,'lnu'iit, liad (kstitcil from Xrw York, and lia\ir,;r diiii'il witli llic (icnir.d was 
 coniinf? to lay KoiK'thiii'.; of the ulni..st in portancc ln/foro tlio Couni'll ; " l.ut, you 
 niav d( -pL'ud u[>oii it," 'jontiiiui'd the .iliiir, "that the i;i ntli inun is a sjjv." Mrs. 
 "SVliite was liuiicd this aftrinocjn: a prodigious l.irgi' funeral. Drank tea at Mrs. Cof- 
 lin"s. Present, I). Lloyd and Lis wife, 'Sir. iluMjard, Mr. Urininier, Mr. Aniory and 
 Lis lady, with seven. 1 other lailies, liotli married and >iiifiU'. Vt'o spent the evening 
 very atjreea'ily. Ila\ iiiLC informed Mrs. Collin of what I ii.id heard eoneernint; the 
 clerjiyman from >iew York, .•■he and Mrs. Deidois lelt, the company and went in pur- 
 gnil of him, hopinj;; to liear i-i)niethin<; of their absent friends. They had the |.;ood 
 fortune to liml the ;;entlenia]i, thoui;h .■^omc'.hinf; under duress, lie represented that 
 all the Uoyal lorct'^ and tlie fiiends (jf (Government were in the utmost confusion and 
 an.\iity, that many reijenled of their rashness in leaving' their -onntry, and th.it 
 numbers intended viry rhortly to imitate hi.^ exainide in runninp; away and throwinf^ 
 themselves upon the mercy of the American government. Ho added, that people 
 
 were iilmost starvini' for want of bread ami 
 
 e.\iiected from Brituiu 
 
 h 
 
 . ft. 
 
 I I"! 
 
 I*;] 
 
 If, 
 1 ' - 
 
 lie would first ex;dain himself with reserve, with an entire confidence in their honor 
 and iute;;rity. Tliu I with these suprcnie mai^istr.vtes with their conduct 
 of my friend induced the follow iut; reniaiks: — 
 
 1st. That notwlth-t ludintj tliey represented th-junelves (to be) the creatures of 
 
 tlic people, and were actu.illy in most iustinces advanced from inferior stations, yet 
 they assumed all the dignity and importance of princes and nobiemen liorn to com- 
 mand. 
 
 L'nd. They aifectcd t;) act the courtier externally. When any applications were 
 made to the leading; members for eountenau'-e or favour, they reeei\"ed the petitioner 
 with apparent tokens of condi';,cension. 'I'hey emleavorcd, though it must be con- 
 fessed, with an awkward grace, to lower their dignity, and would make most ample 
 promises of their interest lo forward his recpiest ; liut when these gentlemen were as- 
 sembled in Council they either I'orgot their eng.igcments, or determined to disoblige, 
 when the charge of tal.-ehood or severity miglit be transferred from particular mem- 
 bers to the whole body. One or two gentlemen of my accpiaintancc, who petitioned 
 tlie Council for p^ rmissioii to depart the State, applied to every member of the Coun- 
 cil, and received the strongest assurances from each of his interest, and yet when the 
 petition was brought before thcni in the Council chamber it was rejected without as- 
 signing any reasim. 
 
 Hrd. I conjectured that the most moderate legisl.itures are disposed to enact the 
 severest and must unreasonable laws and afterwards mitigate 
 
 with the arrival of Parson Lewis. Some conceived that lie was a spy, others that ho 
 had deserted from disgust to the Uritish cause and pure allection to the American 
 cause, whilst the ladies were uuaniinous that it was a love allair which brought him 
 to Boston, (or during his imprisonment he; had frequent interviews with Mr. Picr- 
 pont's daughter, a young girl of fifteen, who had an independent fortune of l.JDOO 
 sterling. This day, afier a long and severe drought, about ;] o'clock we had a smart 
 thunder shower, which lasted about ten minutes. Three men being with a boat on 
 one of the islands of the harbour, placed thotnselves under it for a shelter from the 
 shower! As soon as the rain ceased a little, two of ti;c coni])any ventured out, and 
 called upon the other to follow their example, which he at first refused to do, but 
 upoa repeated upplicatious he complied, lie hud uo sooner left the boat thun t. 
 
ArPENDlX, 
 
 359 
 
 stream of lightning dcspcndpfl and stove it all to pieces. News arrives that the 
 I'lench fleet liatl taken all the vessels from Cork. 
 
 Aiii/usI 2'/. This day, beiii;^ Sunday, coidd not assist INIr. P.-irkor for want of a suit- 
 able discourse. As I was walkiuf; to chur^'h in the moruinp; Mr. Lash put a ,t;uinea 
 into niy hand. After evening service went to drink tea wit'> Mr. Domett ; present, 
 Col. Tudors lady, — tlioup;li a Wliijf, very moderate, — Mr. rilntchct, Mr. Clieever, and 
 Mr. Brimmer. (? ) 1 was e.vtremely pleased with the conversation of Mr. Cheever. 
 Amoiii; other thini^s he told me that when the high sons perceived that a number of 
 Tories had taken the oath of allesianee they were so enraged as to threat' ii them 
 with immediate destrnetion, ealling theui rogues, villains, \-e. Afte»- tea took a walk 
 upon the Common, then visited and supped with .Mr. Warner and lady. 1 regard 
 them as a very modest and gcner(nis eonplc. Upon my return home finmd .Mr. Park- 
 er gone to visit .Mrs. Hooper, of Newbury. His lady informed inc that she had sent 
 for me and Mr. I'arker to spend the evening. '\Vi;en Mr. Parker returned, about I'i 
 o'cloek, he told me that Mrs. Hooper had informed him that she had seen a letter 
 very lately from Mr. Marston, at Ilalifix, wherein he writes that he is in good health 
 and high spirits, and, were he at lil)erty, he could write such intelligence as must give 
 the friends of government the most ample satisfaction. 
 
 ',i(L This morning visited Mr. Brown and his son, the Doctor, and took a breakfast 
 with Mrs. Dixy. I found lier in gre^it airiictioii on account of her little daughter, who 
 was sick of a fever. Visited Mr. Thomas Amory and his lady, wliere I was kinilly 
 entertained. I tarried till after dinner, and was favnured with the >ight of several cu- 
 rious letters, and the relation of many shocking anecdotes. After dinner at Captain 
 "William Morton's, at Mr. Burn's, and on lioard Capt. Hatch, where 1 met with my 
 old fri<>nd Mr. Xathaniel Gardiner. He brougVit intelligence that the people of Nan- 
 tucket had certain information that a liritish fleet, under Lord ]5yron, was on their 
 passage; that the garrison at New])ort was 11, ()!)() strong, ami that provisions were 
 cheap and plenty at New York. Towards evening at Mr. Parker's, and drank tea in 
 company with several ladies. Dr. Brown and Capt. Hatch here. Tlic former had the 
 confidence to apply to Mr. Parker for a recomnn' ndation, and referred him to nie for 
 a character. Supped at Lome with a large company. Mr. Nathaniel flardiner here 
 to visit me, and to give me an account of his advcnturts. 'J he friends of govcrnTnent 
 now begin to receive a little more comMi^e, and to expect some more lavourablc events. 
 
 ■1^//. This morning, after walking ni)on the wharves, vi>iled Mrs. Cofliu. J)ined at 
 home, in company with Mr. Inman. Drank tea at Mrs. .sheaf's. Several irentlemcn 
 and ladies. Mr. Gardiner met me, according to agreement, at Mr. I)(imett's, but that 
 worthy couple being from home we walked towards Capt. Poster's, but finding the 
 smallpox in that ])art of the town, turned aside to !Mrs. Dixy's. I fjund her daugb.ter 
 recovered. We proceeded back to Mr. D.nnctt's, and had the pleasure of finding him 
 and his lady at home. We were presently joined by Mrs. Sheaf and her daULrhter 
 Polly. We had a very agreeable evetiing, and sujiped before we jiartcd. Beceivcd 
 either this, or the preceding day, eight dollars from Mr. 'J'linmas Amory. 
 
 ■'t/i. After passing away the forenoon in jiaying diiforent visits went to Mr. Has- 
 kin's, and tarried dinner with that worthy man and his family. Drank tea and su|)- 
 pcd abroad. Cajjt. Smith arrives from Wonlwich, and I engige a passage with 
 him to Kcnnebeek. Mr. Hubbard gives me three (piartcrs of an hundred of rice, 
 and Mr. X. Green a bu-ihel of rye. (jrcal i)re!)arations for three days past have 
 been making for the expedition against Jihodc Island; the streets and roads not 
 only full of armeii nu'u upon the march from every quarter, but a multitude of car- 
 riage'.;, with provi-ions ,"-d warlike forces ; volutiteers come jjouring into town from 
 every regiiju of tlie coriniry ; nn-n of conse(pience ;.!id ffu'turie appear both on hor<e- 
 l>ark and in llie mo-^t ponipou-i vehicles thai caji lie pr^a iiV'i. As<'irai.rc of sncc(-;s 
 is displayed in every cuuiiteuance, and all e.Kpect to return in a few days victoriuua 
 
I 
 
 3G0 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 r 
 
 f ' 
 
 I i 
 
 and loailt'tl ^vitll plundor. To tqirrtrost iiny ditluniity is liighly rrlniiiial, and to I'or^- 
 b(J(U' disajipoiiitinciit would be I'.ital. To sci- these people, who had always the great- 
 est aversion to the manners, reli^^ion, and Kovurnnient of the French, now rejoicinf^ 
 in their alliance and exulting in their assistance, aflords a most striking instance of 
 the perverscness of the InimaTi heart, and disidays beyond cxanii'le the obstinacy, the 
 madness, the fully, tiie periidy of my countrymen. Rather than yield to the most 
 prevailing convictions of reason, rather than comply with the most sacred dictates of 
 conscience and religion, I may aild, rather than be happy in the enjoyment of their 
 lihi'rties ami possessions, lliey choose to rush headlong into gtiilt, misery, and ruin, 
 and to entail upon them-ielves and iiosterity llie nrost ignoble servitude. 
 
 (Mil. This morning, understanding that I had made a blunder in not dining at Mr. 
 Iimiaii's, who bad given me an invitation the preceding day, and that he was higlily 
 cilendcd at my neglect, I waited upon him to make the best apology in my power. I 
 assured him that 1 was not sensiidc that he gave nic any invitaliun, and that I was 
 wholly ignorant that any company was about to diiio at his hinise. His lady, a mo.st 
 excellent woman, (piickly ended the dispute, and, when we had taken a breakfa'-t, Mr. 
 Innian insisted ni)on my returning to dine witli him this day. 1 spent the forenoon. 
 at Mr. ^cargent's and Mr. Turner's, where I heard from a iiumljer of gentlemen the 
 following intelligence: The eaptiin of a prize brought into iSalem ailirmed that Lord 
 Byron liad sailed from Britain with a ileet of twenty-five capital ships, and that the 
 harbour of ]5rest was blocked np with thirty-two ships of the line under the command 
 of Admiral llervey, Karl of Bristol. Present at dinner, besides .Mr. Inman and wife, 
 Nancy Seargcnt and Betsey Murray, daughter to Col. Murray, one of the Mandamus 
 Counsellors, who iled the country. \\\vv dinner I waited np"n Dr. Jdoyd: saw tlierc 
 a young gentleman from (ien. .'•aillivan, who informed us that the attack was to be 
 made upon Rhode Island immediately. The Dr., at parting, gave me nine dollars. 
 Prom hence I reiiaired to Mr. Parker's, where I found that my old friend, Mr. William 
 Gardiner, had arrived from Concord, and had been twice to enquire for n\e. I went 
 directly to his lodgings, but to my great disappointment I found him absent. 1 how- 
 ever met hiin presently after in the street. "We went back to Mr. Parker's, where we 
 drank tea, and then took a walk into the garden. After spending the evening to- 
 gether we agreed to meet each other the next morning about eleven at Mr. Dmuett's. 
 
 "illi. [A part of this day's .lourniil will be found in the Memoir, p. I'JO.j Mr. 
 Gardiner soon came in, and 3Irs. Domett engaged ns to dine with them. Before din- 
 ner we went on board ^^mith and visited Capt. Hatch, and our return found Mrs. 
 Coflin, and had a very sociable entertainment. Mr. (lardiner and I waited upon Dr. 
 Byles and drank tea with him, his daughters, and other young ladies. The Dr. was 
 in high spirits, and rather more diverting than usual. Vt'c spent the evening to- 
 gether, when I took my leave of IMr. Gardiner. * * * * Mr. Gardiner assured me, 
 upon very good authority, that every person in Canada who suH'crcd by the ravages 
 of the American rebels, had their losses fully made up, and that the whole amounted 
 to dTO.dOO sterling. 
 
 Stii. [A part of this day's .Tournal will be found in the Memoir, p. 120.] * * 
 After which I returned her, (Mrs. Doiiutt,) a visit of thanks, and took my leave of 
 that generous lady and her daughters, is * * * Having i)ut my things on lioard 
 the vessel, dined at Mr. Parker's, called upon several friends, drank tea with Mrs. 
 Domett, and parted with Mrs. ("oHin and that excellent couple whom I shall always 
 esteem with the sincerest alfection. About ten Dr. Mayer and I took our leave and 
 embarked on board Capt. Smith. The weather was now extremely hot, with a gentle 
 breeze of S. W. wind. AVc had two female passengers on board, and about 11 o'clock 
 got under sail. 
 
 ;)/.'(. The next morning about sunrise, near Thai cher's Island, just as we were com- 
 ing round the Cape, discovered a very large ship, licr guns were carefully concealed, 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 361 
 
 and she lot us pass without notice. Soon after we observed a very strong current set- 
 ting to the westward ; a short calm ensued, when the wind spranj^ up about east. 
 Ahout noon the cloud's began to gather thick froiu every quarter, and the distant 
 thunder uttered its voice. When we were miles to the south of the Shoal Islands, it 
 being between 3 and 1 o'clock, the clouds were exceedingly black and heavy from the 
 N. E. around to the S. E., the lightnings streamed dreadful!., in various directions, 
 and the bursting thunders roared aloud. At length the tempest burst upun us. A 
 squall struck us from the W. ]V. W., which in a few minutes veered into the E. S. E, 
 Tl)o darkness, thunder and rain continued with uncommon severitj till we opened 
 I'ortsmouth harbour, a little before sunset, when the clouds began to disjicrse, and 
 we came to an anchor a little below the light-house, where we lay rolling and tumbling 
 all night, and our female passengers were in consequence very sick. 
 
 lOlh. "When tlie tide served in the morning w'c came to anchor in reppereU's Cove, 
 at Kittery, the wind b^ing K. N. E. About 10 o'clock the captain set the two women 
 on shore ; we then proceeded in the boat to Newcastle, where, upon enquiring for Mr. 
 Chase,* I found that he had died six months liefore. Ilis son, Stephen, was gone to 
 Portsmouth, as well as his daughter. Afti'r rambling near two hours about the Island 
 returned on board. lu our passage we approached a large brig under sail, on board 
 of which I saw Mr. Spole, with my friend Jenny Sheaf, from Martinico. Having 
 dined I went on shore to visit Mr. Stevens, the minister on Kittery Point. I here 
 met with civil treatment, found him a modest, sensible man, rather on the side of the 
 British government, and his daughter a well accomplished and agreeable young lady. 
 Being invited I tarried till the next morning. 
 
 ll//». The wind continuing nearly in the same quarter I went on board after break- 
 fast, and went with the Captain and Dr. Mayer to Portsmouth, where I met with 
 great pleasure several of my friends, as Mr. Haven's family, Mrs. Clajiham, Mis. Fra- 
 zer, and !Mr. Whipple and huly. Dined at Mr. Whipple's. I pereiived that his lady 
 was greatly discouraged at the appearance of publick alfairs. I was able, however, by 
 several anecdotes, to revive her sjjirits. After dinner I returned to Mr. Haven's, 
 where I spent an hour very agreeably. Capt. Smith, being obliged to go on board, I 
 left the town with regret, but tht wind continuing to blow from the N. ^.., with clouds 
 and fog, I was permitted to revisit Mr. Stevens. I found that he was gone to Ports- 
 mouth. He returned, however, after tea. [Part of this day's Journal is inserted in, 
 the Memoir, p. 121.] The company were so agreeable to each other that they never 
 went to repose till after twelve. 
 
 12th, This morning the weather was boisterous, and the wind blowing hard from the 
 N. E. and great appearances of a storm. After breakfast went on board; so windy 
 that we could not, as wo intended, visit Portsmouth. Towards evening landed, in 
 company with Capt. Crandall, at Pepperell's Wharf, and spent several hours in walk- 
 ing about the neirhbourhood. The ruins of Sir William's fine estate induced us to re- 
 flect upon the in. '.ability of human alfairs. A few years occasion prodigious altera- 
 tions, especially in such seasons of plundc and depredation. The house, whicli be- 
 longed to Andrew Pepperell Sparhawk — a stately edifice — has lately been reduced to 
 almost a heap of ruins, for no other reason but because the owner is in Britain. Wo 
 saw in the dock a fine little schooner from the eastward with a family on board. The 
 master informed us that Capt. Callahan, having taken from him a slooj) of ninety 
 tons, made him a present of that schooner, though greatly opposed by the Captain 
 of Marines. This vessel, armed, had taken three sloops. About nine in the evening 
 the weather began to roughen, the clouds to gather from every (luarter, and the in- 
 creasing winds to agitate the waters. 
 
 IWi. This morning, as soon as daylight appeared, we had a most violent storm at 
 
 * licv. 'Stephen Chose, undo to Mrs. lioUcy. Sco Nolo F., p. '.i58, 
 
 4(5 
 
362 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ti t 
 
 } I' 
 
 I 1 
 
 
 N. E., attended with lar^ro quantities of rain. It continticd witliout intermission till 
 near sniiset, during which the water was in violent a'jitation, and we tliou.i;ht our- 
 Bclves unsafe with two anchors at her bow. One sloop was stove in jiicces at the he- 
 ginning of this tempest, and a schooner, attemptins; to recover hy the li:;ht-house 
 point, lost her anchor, had her jib carried aw;iy, and was finally liilged against the 
 rocks. Another sloiip, commanded by Josejih Decker, rode out the storm just within 
 the southernmost poi it of Piscataqua harliour, expectiu',; every moment either to go 
 on shore, or to be .swallowed up by the waves. The violence of the tempest abated, 
 however, very fast in the evening. "We had an uncomfortable situation on board, 
 being closely confined to a nasty cabin, while the vessel kept incessantly rolling and 
 tumbling, especially in the night, to such a degree that we could hardly lay in our 
 cabins. 
 
 li//i. A fine morning after the storm, but the wind still continues to breeze from 
 the east. After our Captain had been to atibrd some relief to his distressed brethren, 
 I embarked for Portsmouth on board a large canoe with Mr. James Marden and his 
 brother. In our passage we went on Ijoard a privateer of ten carriage guns, where I 
 quickly perceived a nuist shocking exhibition of confusion and profanencss. The oaths 
 and cxerrations were horrid beyond expression. I had formerly been five or six weeks 
 on board a IJritisli man-of-war, where all was order, piety, and politeness, in compari- 
 son with what now appeared. We took the gunner on board and proceeded to town. 
 When I arrived at Mr. Stevens's i found them at dinner, and, to my great satisfaction, 
 Dr. Coffin, directly from Falmouth, lie expected to meet his lady here from Boston 
 before evening. After dinner, and talking over the news, we went out together and 
 met Mr. J. Sheaf at the barber's shop, when I engaged to wait for this agreeable gen- 
 tleman at Mr. Whipple's. I spent the afternoon vith Mr. Whi])ple, his lady, Madam, 
 Wentworth, Mrs. Purcel, and Mrs. Clapham. As I vas waiting upon Mrs. Purcel 
 home met Mr. Sheaf ; we walked together and took the tour of several streets. lie 
 informed me that he had only twenty-two days from Martinico. and that there was 
 no ajjpearar.ie of war among the French and Spaniards. lie was perfectly surprized 
 when he heard that a French fleet was upon the coast of New England. Went this 
 afternoon to Capt. Roach and his family. I found here Mr. John Parker, the ShcrilF, 
 brother to Parson Parker, of Boston ; he made some severe reflections upon my per- 
 secutors, in particular their imposing the oath of abjuration. When Mr. Parker was 
 gone Mr. Uoach applied to have his child baptized. I performed the ofhce in the pres- 
 ence of three l.ulies, who were here on a visit. At parting Capt. Hoach gave me half 
 a guinea, and kindly offered to do his part toward my support during the present 
 calamitous times. After I had parted with Mr. Sheaf I went with Mrs. Whipple to 
 Capt. Turner's, where we found Mr. AVhipple arri\ed before us, and Mrs. Peppercll. 
 Just as we had entered into sociable conversation 1 was (tailed away to baptize a child 
 for one llecd, a little out of town. Here .vcre present a large number of ladies. 
 After I had performed the sacred ordinance I returned to my company, and about ten 
 I went to Mr. Staver's, and found Mrs. Coffin arrived from Boston, but she and the 
 Dr. were both gone to bed. After supper spent an hour with Mrs. Frazier and another 
 lady. The former gave me a yard of muslin for Mrs. Bailey. Lodged at this house. 
 
 l')lh. This morning rose early and waited for breakfast till Dr. Coffin, his lady, and 
 Miss Betty Wier were dressed. Mrs. Coilin brought word that the French fleet had left 
 Viewport, and that the Cork fleet had all arrived safe at New York, which incidents 
 gave uncommon spirits to the friends of government, who had for a long time been in 
 a despairing situation. Mr. Marden being ready to go on board I was obliged to leave 
 this very agreeable company. Wlien we came to the vessel we found the wind still 
 unfavorable, which determined us to return. I dined at Mr. Staver's, waited upon 
 Mr. Jeffries, and drank tea at Mr. Whipple's, where 1 learned from that gentleman 
 tliat one Mr. Emerson, of York, had been upon Rhode Island to satisfy his curiosity. 
 
APPENDIX, 
 
 :J63 
 
 IFc declared tliat lie had been not only in the Provincial army, but amonr; the inhab- 
 itants, who assured him there were 10,000 British forces at Newport, the rebel army 
 between l'_',(K)0 and 2'),0W ^tronj^. lie conliriiuil the account of the departure of the 
 French ilect, and added that they sailed on Munday morning in pnrsiut of sonic Drit- 
 ish ships which appeared in si^ht tlic cveninj? before, and that prior to this move- 
 ment the i'rench had re-embaiked all their land forces to thenunilier of 1,J00. ^\'l,nt 
 Willi Mr. A\'hipplc to Mr. Stavcr's, and found <ailliu arrived tVom I;o^loll, who in- 
 formed us that the ■Whiles were greatly alarmed at the French Adioiral's ctnuluct ; 
 that the Salem volunteers, in attempting to reconnoitre the enemy's worlds had lost 
 ten of their nunilier ; that the late storm had greatly annoyed the Provincial armv, 
 as the militia and volunteers were destitute of shelter; that the Uoyal forces, in case 
 the French fleet should not return, intended to surround Khude Island ; and that 
 two capital ships had lately arrived from ISritain. Our company consisted of Capt. 
 Turner, Mr. Jaffrey, Mr. AVliipple, Capt. Ilickcy, and Mr. Stavers, besides (irilHii and 
 Davis. About 10 received a note from Mr. .Soward to baptize his child. At 1 1 I 
 complied with his rciiucst, after which I supped and lodged at Mr. Whipple's. Mr. 
 J. Sheaf gave me six lbs. of coil'ee. 
 
 ICth. This, being Sunday morning, after having an early breakfast with Mr. Sta- 
 vers, return;'d on board. The wind soon began to breeze K. and by S., and the tide 
 favouring we beat out to sea, and had a most jdeasant passage into Winter llarliour, 
 where we came to anchor about half past five in the afternoon. We landed the two 
 Hardens at this place, but the wind blowing hard almost from the S. E. our Ciiiitain' 
 concluded it not prudent to proceed. In the night showers of rain. Another sloop, 
 belonging to Broad Bay, anchored near us in this harbour. 
 
 I7th. Wind about east, thick weather, attended with rain and fog. Went on shore 
 on Wood Island. This island is surrounded with a sharp, rocky slioro ; the skirts of 
 it abound with gooseberry bushes ; the situation of the inland parts very low, and the 
 soil exceeding riih ; vegetables grow here to an uncommon size ; on the north-west end 
 we observed the appearance of a deep bog. Having dined on board we concluded, in 
 the afternoon, to visit father Ilussey, a (Quaker, who bad lived upon a large farm 
 to the south of this harbour above forty years. I was pleased witli tlie conversation 
 of his brother, who happened to be present on a visit from Berwick, but I quickly 
 discovered the owner of the house to be an obstinate, self-conceited, censorious bigot. 
 Wo entered deeply into publick measures, and, though the (^iuakers loudly eomknined 
 the proceedings of the American opposition, yet, I strongly suspect, tliey are no 
 hearty friends to the British Constitution. They are unwilling to ri^k anything in 
 the reformation or subversion of any government, yet, I fancy, a republican form i:iust 
 be most agretable to their inclinations. The whole family appeared very contracted 
 and inhospitable, not asking either of us to eat or drink, though they prepared an 
 afternoon repast, and it was with dilliculty wo obtained a drink of water. Showery in 
 the night, with some lightning. 
 
 LS/Zi. AVind still continues east, with a prodigious thick fog. After breakfast vent 
 on shore, lirst to one Capt. Hill's, where we met with very indiflerent treatment. We 
 then crossed over a narrow channel, and visited one Fletcher. The old woman and 
 her two daughter.s were the most hard-favoured and disagreeable of the sex I ever lic- 
 hcld ; the whole family were extremely rough and hoggish in their manners. The 
 old man raved against Capt. Callahan, and threatened him with hanging. He had a 
 daughter deaf and dumb, and a son blind. Wo tarried in this inhospitable dwelling. 
 The weather continuing the same we went on board without any prospect of sailing. 
 In the evening lightning and rain. 
 
 l\)lli. This day wet and foggy. In the morning, after breakfast, went on shore 
 and visited an island to the N. W., exceeding rougli and uneven. About eleven vis- 
 ited the old (Juaker, who treated us in a very hoggish manner, never a.skiiig us to sit 
 
364: 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ll 
 
 u 
 
 'I 
 
 -fit' 
 
 I'! 
 
 
 dowTi, and he took four shillings lawful for one dozen of cucumbers. la the afternoon 
 the fog; bcs^nn to disperse, and about sunset the weather was ])C!t'cctly ealm and serene. 
 
 Aii'ju^l'lOtli. Tliis morniuy awoke about 2 o'clock and finding a steady Rale of 
 S. W. wind and a clear sky alarmed the Captain, and in less than an hour after we 
 got under sail. Before sunrise passed Cape Elizabeth. At 9 or 10 entered the 
 mouth of the Kenncbeck. 
 
 Mr. T. Percy came on board and informed us that he and his brother were obliged 
 to take the oath from the complaint of Sam. McCobb. About 12 we came to anchor 
 in Fiddler's rrath. Went on shore with Dr. Mayer at C'apt. Drummond's. Pound 
 him a violent son of lib"rty and a friend to the French alliance. Ho however treated 
 us with complaisance and invited us to tarry to dinner; after which we visited Mr. 
 ^IcFaddan and Mr. Preble. Towards evening returned and drank tea with Mrs, 
 l)rumnif)nd. Capt. Drunimond having furnished us with a biirge, we went about sun- 
 set in ])ursuit of tlie sloop and overtook her in the gut, where wo found Carleton ar- 
 rived from Hoston. lie left that port the evening before and brought intelligence that 
 the French llect had not yet returned. A'ight coming on and the wind breezing, my 
 Woolwich friends advised me to go home with them. In consequence of this invita- 
 tion I visited Mr. David Gilmorc and tarried with him till the ne.\.t morning. It gave 
 me great saliiuictiou to find my friends in so good spirits here, notwithstanding the 
 gloomy aspect of publick affairs. I cannot forbear reflecting upon the peculiar cir- 
 cumstances of our rulers at this season, and I imagine they arc highly deceived. 
 Tliey are certainly imiorant of tlie ])revailing sentiment and disc(mtent among the 
 people. Tliey, i'l the biginniiig of this revolt, flattered the iwer classes of mankind 
 and addressed them with misrepresentations and lies, till th' inspired them with en- 
 thusiastic madnesij, iind directed them, iu the frenzy of their zeal, to bully, insult, 
 mob and phiudcr men of tlie highest worth, integrity and consequence, those 
 very persons whom they had hitherto approached with reverence and listened to with 
 attention, whose advice and authority they had always regarded as sacred ; everything 
 was cairied by nijisc, persceution, and violence, until the s'pirit of persecution began 
 to sut)!-i(le among the common people and moderation to take its place. Those men 
 who had advanced themselves into the higlicst stations of government during these 
 commotions, took it for granted that they were firmly fixed in the all'ictions of the 
 rabble, and that they had nothing to fear except a few Tories, which it was tlieir prin- 
 cipal concern to suppress. For this purpose they enacted the most cruel and unrea- 
 sonable laws, putting it iu the power of every ill-natured and malicious man to ruin 
 his neighbour. These institutions are so severe that men are afraid openly to ccm- 
 plain, yet in secret they cannot forbear expressing the highest discontent aiid cha- 
 grin, and nothing is heard in private cin'ners except murmurs and complaints, and 
 the number of those who delight in persecution is very inconsiderable ; this sentiment 
 is almost wholly confined to those who can gratify their revenge by the persecution of 
 a Tory neighbour, while the remainder bitterly execrate the authors and instruments 
 of the action. Now all the uneasiness and clamor which ijrcvail abroad are closely 
 concealed frum the legislative body which sets at Boston amid the bustle of warlike 
 preparations and the hurry of business. For who would venture to disclose any \in- 
 v.'elcoriic truth when he is liable to be punished for sedition, to be regarded as an ene- 
 my to his country, and pcrliaps to be wliolly deprived of his freedom. Every one who 
 approaches the supreme authority by way of petition for mercy, or request for favour, 
 makes it his piineipal study to flatter and please. He Avill not, in such circumstances, 
 excite any disagreeable sensations by the mention of unwelcome truths, but labour all 
 in his power to preserve the utmost good humor, and carefully suppress every sugges- 
 tion tliat may tend to censure or repreliend the government to which he applies. 
 
 21s;. Tills morning rose early and visited Mr. William Gilmorc. After breakfast 
 baptized, before a large num'ocr of people, a child for Capt. FuUerton ; then calling 
 
 I 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 365 
 
 my 
 
 upon Capt. Smith wc went on board and took our things in order to proceed home- 
 ward, but tlic wind (luickly bi'gan to breeze from tlie north, attended with frequent 
 thunder squalls. When we arrived, after much fatigue, at the Chops of Merry-meeting 
 Bay, we found Mr. Hatch and Jackson on board a vessel bound to Nantucket. This 
 incident prevented our proceeding any farther, and obliged us to go on shore, where 
 Wc continued above four hours, but perceiving; a formidable thunder shower arising 
 we determined to visit Capt. Ilobbs'. Wc had very civil entertainment at his house, 
 and about dark embarked and continued our voyatfc a mile beyond the Chops, when a 
 violent squall burst upon us from the north, attended with uncommon darkness and 
 cold. It was with extreme dithculty we were able to reach the shore, upon which the 
 waves dashed with increasing and resistless fury. I was constrained to continue above 
 an hour holding the painter, while Dr. Mayer ran to solicit assistance. At length, 
 after rambling through the bushes, and over burnt logs and rocky ledges, he appeared 
 with Mr. John Trot.( ? ) We perceived ourselves to be but a few rods from his house, 
 and having hauled out boat into a cove, with watching the greater part of the night 
 we prevented her dashing in pieces. 
 
 22(1. After breakfast, the wind still blowing from the north-west, wc embarked, and 
 about two arrived at Pownalborough, where I had the satisfaction of finding my family 
 in good health, though they had greatly suilered in my absence from want of provis- 
 ions. I was astonished to perceive the severity of the drought in this part of the 
 country. Almost everything was consumed, and a terrible fire raging near the East- 
 ern lliver, rendered the prospect still more distressing. I was visited this afternoon 
 by several of my friends. 
 
 [Journals missing from August 23d, 1778, to January IGth, 1779, inclusive.] 
 
 1779. 
 
 January nth — Sundatj. At homo. San's ( ? ) preached. Gushing forbids him. 
 
 28/A, Set otF on a journey. Arrived at Whitchcasset. 
 
 29//». Arrived at Mr. Rhode's, in Bristol. 
 
 •ii)th. A snow storm. At Mr. Palmer's. Lodged at Capt. Vinal's. 
 
 '61st. At night at Mr. Palmer's. 
 
 February Isl. At Capt. Yinal's, Cremor's, Chapman's, and (Ilev. Dr.) Shelibrd's. 
 
 M. Baptized Eunice Vinal. Returned to Palmer's. 
 
 4th. Dined at Noble's and lodged at J. Sevey's. 
 
 5th. Breakfasted at Mr. Wood's. Get home at sunset. 
 
 Glh. Baptized John Carlow. 
 
 Hth — ^iDxIaij. Baptized Anna Costclo. Mr. Gardiner here. 
 
 2lst — Sunday. Mr. Gardiner and 11 persons. 
 
 March 1st. At home. N. Palmer reads his confession. 
 
 2d. At home. John (McNaraarra) returns from Broad Bay. 
 
 Gth. At Mr. Pochard's. His father ill. 
 
 "ith. At Mr. Pochard's. The old man dies. 
 
 Slh. Mr. Pochard buried. 
 
 11/A. Mr. Lawrence's child buried. 
 
 lith. At Mr. Lawrence's. Baptized Amos and Betsy Hitchins. 
 
 Idth. Rode to Mr. R. Turner's. Tarried all night. 
 
 20//I. Rode home. 
 
 April ilfi — Sunday. Company. 
 
 5ih. Chose the same church officers. 
 
r. 
 
 ERRATA. 
 Page 240, Note ; for L'Esarbot, read L'Escarbot. 
 Page 251, Note ; for Christ's Church, read Christ Church. 
 
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